PMID- 368090
TI  - Mechanical pretreatments and etching of primary-tooth enamel.

PMID- 368091
TI  - Proceedings of the workshop on quantitative evaluation of periodontal diseases by
      physical measurement techniques.
AB  - Most of the participants agreed that the destruction of connective tissue is the
      single most significant criterion for assessing the severity of periodontal
      disease. Members were equally divided between favoring a measure of bone height
      or density and a measure of soft tissue destruction, such as attachment level or
      pocket depth. A measure of the rate of destruction of bone at the time of
      examination was considered to be especially useful. Opinion was equally divided
      as to the second most important parameter related to periodontal disease, either
      measures of gingival inflammation or measures of dental plaque. Measurements of
      gingival fluid and measures of tooth mobility were less favored by the group as a
      whole, but each measurement area was favored by strong proponents.

PMID- 368092
TI  - Treatment of enamel with 50% phosphoric acid containing 0.5% and 2% NaF.

PMID- 368093
TI  - An antisera for the fluorescent labeling of mouse amelogenesis.
AB  - Embryonic mammalian enamel extracellular matrix is immunogenic. Antisera has been
      produced in New Zealand white rabbits using 5-day-old (post-natal) C57B1/6J
      mandibular and maxillary incisor and molar tooth organs as immunogens. The
      expression of secretory amelogenesis in mouse molar tooth organs was studied from
      the "cap stage" (circa 17-day fetus) to the fifth day of postnatal odontogenesis
      using indirect immunofluorescent microscopy. The specificity of the antisera for
      enamel matrix secretion was unequivocal. Secretory amelogenesis was observed in
      molar tooth organs as early as day-2 postnatal age. These reagents and methods
      provide a significant strategy in studies of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions
      during tooth development.

PMID- 368094
TI  - Tooth enamel: current state of the art.
AB  - Important progress has been made relative to the growth, structure and function
      of enamel. Better understanding of the epithelial mesenchymal interactions during
      odontogenesis has been gained through tissue culture, and the predominant role of
      the dental papilla has been established. Differences between rodent and human
      amelogenesis have been demonstrated. With radioautography and cytochemistry, a
      significant amount of new information has been obtained on the metabolism of the
      ameloblasts, concerning the synthesis of proteins, glycoproteins and
      proteoglycans, as well as calcium transport. Numerous biochemical investigations
      have been devoted to developing and mature enamel matrix. The organic components
      of human adult enamel are mainly constituted of lipids and proteins, but further
      investigations are still needed to elucidate their precise nature. The so-called
      key-hole configuration of adult enamel can be questioned when amelogenesis is
      considered since the tissue does not develop in a prismatic head-tail fashion.
      The most important results have probably been obtained in the field of individual
      enamel apatite crystals shape and ultrastructure as well as in the description of
      the precise patterns of their carious dissolution which bears great similarities
      to the dissolution of synthetic apatites in acids.

PMID- 368095
TI  - Enamel protein chemistry--past, present and future.
AB  - Past progress in the chemistry of enamel proteins is reviewed and the current
      state of knowledge assessed. The matrix of young enamel is a complex system in
      which some 20 distinct components with molecular weights in the region of 3,000
      to 16,000 are in dynamic equilibrium with much larger aggregates. During
      maturation, most of these components are selectively lost, more or less
      completely, from the enamel. 'Amelogenin' components rich in proline and
      histidine are removed first and 'tuft protein', characterized by high serine and
      glycine, is often partially retained in mature enamel. Some components have been
      isolated in a state approaching purity and a measure of agreement has been
      reached between laboratories concerning their characteristics. Partial amino acid
      sequences are known for two components, which contain phosphoserine. Though the
      mechanisms of mineralization and protein removal are not known, various
      possibilities are discussed. The essential unsolved problem is the nature of the
      overall protein system.

PMID- 368096
TI  - Immunofluorescent evidence for the similarity of amelogenins in calf, mouse and
      pig teeth.
AB  - Antiserum was prepared to fetal bovine enamel matrix and was used to localize the
      amelogenins in developing bovine molars by immunofluorescent microscopy.
      Amelogenins could be identified to preameloblasts, secretory ameloblasts, stratum
      intermedium cells, and the newly deposited enamel matrix. Mature enamel matrix
      did not fluoresce except in a thin line along the DEJ and adjacent to the
      ameloblasts. Immature enamel matrix of murine and porcine teeth fluoresced when
      treated with antiserum to bovine enamel matrix. No other portions of tooth buds
      or other tissues reacted with the specific antiserum.

PMID- 368097
TI  - Gerald D. Timmons, Ph.G., D.D.S., D.Sc., LL.D., F.A.C.D. August 9, 1897-July 22,
      1978.

PMID- 368098
TI  - Present role and future prospects for radiotherapy in the management of malignant
      melanomas.
AB  - Malignant melanomas are not very radiosensitive neoplasms. Therefore, the prime
      management of such lesions is surgical. However, there are certain circumstances
      in which radiation therapy has been used and should be considered as useful. This
      article provides an overview of the literature on radiotherapy of primary and
      metastatic malignant melanomas in man. In addition, some unconventional methods
      like the use of radiation sensitizers, oxygen-independent radiation therapy,
      radiation combined with hyperbaric oxygen, and high-dose-perfraction irradiation
      are discussed. The beneficial responses to radiation that have been reported in
      the literature and that we have personally observed suggest that a prospective
      study to determine the proper role of radiation therapy in the management of all
      forms and stages of malignant melanomas is warranted.

PMID- 368099
TI  - [Use of tetramethylammoniumhydroxide to determine the total fatty acid
      composition of microorganisms].

PMID- 368100
TI  - George Watt 1862-1863.

PMID- 368101
TI  - A scanning electron microscope comparison of three methods of bonding resin to
      enamel rod ends and longitudinally cut enamel.
AB  - Taglike projections of resin into the etched enamel surface and longitudinally
      cut enamel were studied under the SEM. Three methods of bonding, including the
      use of a bonding agent and a primer, were compared. Freshly extracted teeth were
      pumiced, rinsed, and dried. The enamel surface was etched for a minute with
      phosphoric acid. Adaptic with bonding agent, Simulate with primer, and Simulate
      without primer were then applied to the etched enamel. After the teeth were
      sectioned, the enamel was etched with phosphoric acid and viewed under the SEM.
      The resin projections into the etched rod ends at the enamel surface were 5 to 10
      mu in length, with similar cuplike and coneline patterns of tags for the three
      methods of bonding. Troughlike and ridgelike projections into the longitudinally
      cut enamel were 3 to 5 mu in length; patterns of tags were similar for the three
      bonding methods. No observable differences in length and pattern of tags were
      noticed among the three bonding methods.

PMID- 368102
TI  - The use of relaxation and distraction to reduce psychological stress during
      dental procedures.
AB  - Relaxation and distraction techniques designed to reduce stress during operative
      dental procedures were evaluated with a number of different measures. The results
      indicate that both techniques can be effective in alleviating anxiety and
      reducing stress. Some findings suggested that relaxation was more effective with
      women than with men whereas distraction may be more effective with men than with
      women. Further research is needed to refine these techniques that should be
      readily adaptable to dental practice.

PMID- 368103
TI  - The American Dental Society of Anesthesiology--a heritage continues.

PMID- 368104
TI  - Home health care: the dietitian's role.
AB  - Nutritional services are an important part of the home care program. Medicare,
      Medicaid, and other third-party mechanisms do not reimburse providers for such
      services, even though the cost for home care is lower than for institutional
      care. Recognizing the need for nutritional services, the Veterans Administration
      has included the dietitian as a member of the home care team. Skills and
      guidelines developed by The American Dietetic Association for home and ambulatory
      care were adapted and utilized in developing a dietetic home care procedure which
      helps to avoid institutional care and provides a better quality of life at home.
      Nutritional services should be an integral part of all home health care programs.
      Because most home care programs do not have funds for a dietitian's service,
      legislative and/or regulatory action is needed to provide reimbursement for
      nutritional home care services.

PMID- 368105
TI  - Professionalization and the dietitian.
AB  - Professionalization as a process is reviewed and characteristics an occupation
      acquires as it becomes professionalized are outlined. Those attributes include
      founding a professional association with membership requirements to exclude the
      unqualified; control of education and admission to the profession by current
      members, frequently working through the professional organization; possible
      licensure or certification as a prerequisite to practice; a name change to
      provide enhanced status or prestige; and elaboration of an altruistic, service
      oriented code of ethics. Relevant developments in dietetics and the history of
      The American Dietetic Association are then compared with this model. Advances
      have been and continue to be made in the above areas as the professionalization
      of dietetics and the dietitian progresses.

PMID- 368106
TI  - Helen A. Hunscher--1904 - 1978.

PMID- 368107
TI  - Franklin Harms 1917-1978.

PMID- 368108
TI  - Clinical stereopsis testing: contour and random dot stereograms.
AB  - Stereopsis testing has received renewed interest because of its relationship to
      strabismus and amblyopia. This paper discusses clinical implications of stereo
      responses on traditional line stereograms and on newly developed random dot
      stereograms in normals, strabismics and amblyopes. Random dot stereograms are
      computer generated which when binocularly fused give rise to stereoscopic depth.

PMID- 368109
TI  - C. N. Jenty and the mezzotint plates in his "Demonstrations of a pregnant
      uterus", 1757.

PMID- 368226
TI  - In memoriam Marian Chomiak (1912--1976).

PMID- 368227
TI  - The case for James Mills Peirce.
AB  - This paper presents a circumstantial, but convincing, case that James Mills
      Peirce (1834--1906), professor of mathematics and first dean of the Graduate
      School of Harvard University, was the author of a strong defense of
      homosexuality, which was published anonymously in 1897.

PMID- 368228
TI  - Language and language behavior of lesbian women and gay men: a selected
      bibliography (part 1).

PMID- 368229
TI  - The effects of cognitive and behavioral control on coping with an aversive health
      examination.
AB  - The effects of cognitive and behavioral control on coping with an aversive health
      examination were tested in a 2 x 2 factorial design. Cognitive control was
      represented by sensory or health-education information; instruction or no
      instruction in abdominal relaxation constituted the levels of behavioral control.
      The study was conducted in the natural setting of a family-planning clinic with
      24 young women who were undergoing a routine pelvic examination. Subjects who
      received sensory information prior to the examination showed less distress, as
      indicated by overt distress behaviors and pulse rates, than did subjects who
      received health-education information. Cognitive control did not show a
      significant effect on self-report of fear. No significant effects were
      demonstrated for the factor of behavioral control. The results suggested that
      cognitive control information, which emphasizes the sensory experiences typically
      accompanying an aversive event, limits reactivity to aversive stimuli. The
      reduction in reactivity is thought to result in an increased ability to cope with
      aversive events.

PMID- 368230
TI  - Escherichia coli in gastroenteritis of children in London and Jamaica.
AB  - The jejunal and stool flora of children with gastroenteritis in London and in
      Jamaica was examined. Although bacterial colonization of the small bowel was
      commonly detected, it was unusual to find the same serotype of E. coli in both
      jejunum and stool, and none of the jejunal strains of E. coli produced either
      heatlabile or heat-stable enterotoxin. Some strains of E. coli causing infant
      gastroenteritis are neither toxigenic nor invasive, and other mechanisms must be
      sought to account for their pathogenicity.

PMID- 368231
TI  - Comparison of oral sucrose and glucose electrolyte solutions in the out-patient
      management of acute gastroenteritis in infancy.
AB  - Seventy-three children under the age of 18 months presenting with acute
      gastroenteritis were given an electrolyte mixture with added sucrose or glucose
      in a randomized double-blind trial. The time taken to recovery in those
      sucessfully treated as out-patients was identical. However, of the 34 who
      received glucose, 11 (32%) required admission compared with 7 (18%) of the 39 who
      received sucrose. There was a wide range of osmolality of the made-up feeds,
      indicating inaccuracy in diluting the solutions as prescribed, but this did not
      in general correlate with need for admission. Sucrose-electrolyte solution is at
      least as effective as a glucose-electrolyte solution for the out-patient
      management of acute gastroenteritis in infancy. The cheapness and easy
      availability of sucrose commends its use in developed and developing countries.

PMID- 368232
TI  - The Brown Animal Sanatory Institution.

PMID- 368233
TI  - Stability of DNA/anti-DNA complexes.

PMID- 368234
TI  - Potent immunosuppression by oxidized cholesterol.

PMID- 368235
TI  - Lymphocytes binding and T cell mitogenic properties of group A streptococcal
      lipoteichoic acid.
AB  - We previously reported that lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of group A streptococci binds
      spontaneously to mammaliam cell membranes via lipid moieties ester-linked to the
      LTA molecule. We now describe biochemical and immunologic evidence that LTA binds
      to human and murine lymphocytes as an early event in the induction of mitogenesis
      in T lymphocytes. The biochemical studies showed that binding of radiolabeled LTA
      to lymphocytes was lymphocyte-concentration, and temperature dependent, and it
      reached a maximum in 15 min. Binding was reversible and specific with a
      dissociation constant of 89 micrometer for adult lymphocytes and 57 micrometer
      for cord blood lymphocytes. Immunologic studies showed that the LTA was mitogenic
      only for T lymphocytes. Dose response curves of lymphocyte mitogenesis induced by
      LTA and the binding of LTA to intact lymphocytes were shown to be related. The
      results suggest that LTA binds to specific receptor sites on T lymphocytes to
      trigger the mitogenic response.

PMID- 368236
TI  - Presence of alpha-1-antitrypsin on mitogen-stimulated human lymphocytes.
AB  - Human lymphocytes that have undergone concanavalin A-induced blastogenetic
      transformation demonstrate surface alpha-1-antitrypsin by immunofluorescence when
      examined after 72 hr of culture, whereas unstimulated cells do not. These results
      may indicate a role for alpha-1-antitrypsin in lymphocyte blastogenesis.

PMID- 368237
TI  - The in vitro suppression of spontaneous erythrocyte autoimmune responses with
      lymphocytes activated with concanavalin A.
AB  - When normal mouse spleen cells are cultured in vitro, large numbers of cells
      develop that produce antibody toward antigens found on bromelain-treated mouse
      erythrocytes (BrMRBC). The in vitro culture also generates T cells that mediate
      DTH toward these antigens. We have suggested that under in vivo conditions,
      suppressor T cells maintain these immune responses at a low level but that this
      suppression wanes when the cells are cultured in vitro. The present study
      examines the effect of concanavalin A (Con A) on the in vitro development of
      humoral and cell-mediated immunity to Br-MRBC. Mitogenic concentrations of Con A
      prevented the development of both the PFC and TDTH responses toward BrMRBC. The
      Con A-induced suppression was due to the induction of suppressor T cells; thus
      the addition of Con A-activated cells to fresh spleen cell cultures prevented the
      development of both the  PFC and TDTH response against BrMRBC.

PMID- 368238
TI  - Maturation of B lymphocytes. I. Concurrent appearance of increasing Ig, Ia, and
      mitogen responsiveness.

PMID- 368239
TI  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) in chick embryo lymphoid tissues.

PMID- 368240
TI  - Passive enhancement of mouse skin allografts by alloantibodies is Fc dependent.
AB  - The capacity of F(ab')2 fragments of alloantibodies to enhance mouse allografts
      was studied in B6AF1 recipients of B10.D2 skin grafts. F(ab')2 obtained by
      digestion of B6AF1 anti-B10.D2 antibodies was purified by means of affinity
      chromatography, with anti-subclass antisera and protein A. The degree of
      contaminating IgG was less than 0.02%. Administration of F(ab')2 with an antigen
      binding capacity similar to the IgG from which it originated, inhibited acute
      antibody-mediated graft rejection but was unable to induce enhancement. Even a
      dose that was 130 times the molar amount of the minimal enhancing dose of
      undigested IgG2 was ineffective. We conclude, therefore, that passive enhancement
      of mouse skin allografts by alloantibodies requires the Fc part.

PMID- 368241
TI  - Suppression and enhancement of the rabbit primary in vitro antibody response with
      anti-allotype antibody: concurrent effects on thymidine incorporation,
      blastogenesis, and cell surface Ig.

PMID- 368242
TI  - Binding of antigen-bearing fluorescent liposomes to the murine myeloma tumor MOPC
      315.
AB  - Small unilamellar lipid vesicles bearing the DNP-hapten on their surfaces and
      containing the water-soluble fluorescent dye carboxyfluorescein were formed by
      sonication. These vesicles were incubated with cells from the murine myeloma
      tumor MOPC 315, which secrete and also bear on the cell surface an immunoglobulin
      with affinity for the nitrophenyl hapten. At 0 degrees C the cells bound an
      average of several thousand vesicles at saturation. This binding was specific for
      the nitrophenyl hapten on the vesicle since it was abolished by an excess of
      soluble nitrophenyl derivative, by omission of the hapten from the vesicle, or by
      substitution for MOPC 315 of a tumor lacking receptors for the nitrophenyl
      hapten. Specific binding of vesicles was greater when cells were incubated at 37
      degrees C. The study suggests that ligand-bearing vesicles can be a useful marker
      for cell surface immunoglobulin. However, in spite of the ability to "target"
      vesicles to cell surface determinants, binding did not result in increased
      delivery of vesicle contents to the cytoplasm.

PMID- 368243
TI  - Idiopathic paraproteinemia. II. Transplantation of the paraprotein-producing
      clone from old to young C57BL/KaLwRij mice.
AB  - Transplantation experiments in the C57BL/KaLwRij mouse model of idiopathic
      paraproteinemia (IP) showed that an IP-producing clone can be further propagated
      in young, lethally irradiated mice and also equally as well in nonirradiated
      recipients by a bone marrow and/or spleen cell transfer. The latency period
      before the original paraprotein was detected in the sera of recipients varied in
      different experiments between 1 and 9 months after transplantation. With
      subsequent transplantations, the "take" frequency gradually decreased.
      Propagation of IP for three to four generations seems to be the final limit. In
      comparison to age-matched seems to be the final limit. In comparison to age
      matched control groups, no substantial influence of the transplanted IP on the
      survival of the recipients was observed. In contrast, transplantation of cells
      from mice with a B cell lymphoma or a myeloma led to continuous propagation of
      the malignancy, with a high "take" frequency, progressive development of the
      paraproteinemia, and a shortened survival time of the recipients. These findings
      indicate that IP represents in its final stage in the aging C57BL mice an
      intrinsic cellular defect within the affected B cell clone, which is, however,
      different from that found in B cell malignancies.

PMID- 368244
TI  - Characterization of a congenitally LPS-resistant, athymic mouse strain.
AB  - C57BL/10ScN (nu/nu) mice have B cells and macrophages unresponsive to a phenol
      water extracted preparation of Escherichia coli K 235 LPS. This unresponsiveness
      was demonstrated in vitro by the inability of spleen cells to incorporate 3H
      thymidine after a 48 hr incubation with LPS (Ph) and by the inability of LPS (Ph)
      to inhibit macrophage phagocytosis of 51 Cr-labeled, opsonized sheep
      erythrocytes. Furthermore, macrophage cultures stimulated with LPS (Ph) produced
      low levels of LAF and PGE2 when compared with macrophages from the LPS-sensitive
      C3H/HeN and C3H/HeN (nu/nu) strains. Therefore, the C57BL/10ScN (nu/nu) strain is
      similar in its LPS unresponsiveness to the well-characterized C3H/HeJ and
      C57BL/10ScCR strains. The combination of endotoxin unresponsiveness and the
      athymic nature of this mouse strain may provide a powerful new tool for studying
      the cellular events mediating endotoxicity.

PMID- 368245
TI  - Transplantation in miniature swine. V. Characterization of Ia antigens.
AB  - The complexity of the I region analog associated with the MHC of miniature swine
      has been probed by sequential antibody precipitation studies of Ia antigens.
      Treatment of solubilized lymphocyte preparations from MSLA homozygotes of the DD
      haplotype with excess AA anti-DD alloantiserum led to precipitation of only a
      portion of the total Ia antigens, as determined by secondary precipitation of the
      remaining material with CC anti-DD serum. The presumed I region of miniature
      swine must therefore code for more than one Ia antigen-bearing polypeptide chain.
      In addition, certain mouse alloantisera that had previously been shown to react
      with rat Ia antigens were tested for reactivity with swine Ia antigens. Anti-Iak
      mouse alloantisera precipitated Ia molecules from every swine extract tested,
      regardless of MHC type, precluding genetic mapping studies. However, sequential
      precipitation studies demonstrated that the cross-reactive mouse alloantisera
      reacted only with a subclass of swine Ia antigens, again suggesting genetic
      complexity of the pig Ia locus.

PMID- 368246
TI  - In vitro sensitization of human lymphocytes against histiocytic lymphoma cell
      lines. III. The activity of culture-induced suppressor cells.
AB  - Normal PBL were sensitized in vitro against an allogeneic diffuse histiocytic
      lymphoma cell line and their activity was measured by radiolabel release from
      target cells. We have reported earlier that a non-T cell population, found among
      the PBL, was responsible for inhibiting in vitro sensitization. In the present
      work we found that culturing PBL in vitro caused the induction of radioresistant
      suppressor cells which affected the sensitization phase of the in vitro response.
      The culture-induced suppressor cells had macrophage-like characteristics. The
      activity of the suppressor cells depended on an additional helper population that
      was adherent to nylon wool, but did not adhere to plastic and was non-phagocytic.
      The cooperation of these two different cell populations was required for the
      expression of suppressive activity.

PMID- 368247
TI  - Evaluation of the role of IgG antibodies in human natural cell-mediated
      cytotoxicity against the myeloid cell line K562.

PMID- 368248
TI  - The late phase skin reaction: evidence for activation of the coagulation system
      in an IgE-dependent reaction in man.

PMID- 368249
TI  - A micromethod for in vitro assay of lymphocyte proliferation in mouse whole
      blood.
AB  - A microplate culture system to assay the in vitro proliferative responses of
      mouse peripheral blood lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin is described. The
      method utilises whole blood, a gamma-emitting isotopic label and semi-automated
      harvesting. Data are presented to show the effects of several variables on the
      culture system. The technique is suitable for serial study of the in vitro
      phytohaemagglutinin response in individual animals.

PMID- 368250
TI  - Antibody-coated protein A-bearing Staphylococcus aureus: a versatile and stable
      immune reagent.
AB  - The human beta2-microglobulin antigen-antibody system was used as a model to
      illustrate the versatility of a microradioimmunoassay technique using protein A
      bearing Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I strain (SACI) bacteria as a non-specific
      immunoadsorbent in place of a second antibody. Experimental conditions are
      described for a sensitive microassay which makes it possible to process large
      numbers of samples more rapidly and with minimum handling. Furthermore, SACI
      coated with specific antibodies by mixing with unfractionated antisera are a
      versatile reagent not only for radioimmunoassays but also for use as molecular
      probes to characterize cell surface antigens. Antibody-coated SACI could be
      lyophilized and proved extremely stable in storage thus providing a unique
      advantage for use in binding inhibition assays and as versatile reagent for
      clinical and investigative immunology.

PMID- 368251
TI  - Hapten-sandwich labeling. IV. Improved procedures and non-cross-reacting hapten
      reagents for double-labeling cell surface antigens.
AB  - New procedures are presented for preparation of hapten-antibody conjugates with
      the bifunctional amidinating reagent methyl-p-hydroxybenzimidate (HB). Conjugates
      with improved solubility are effective for hapten-sandwich labeling of cell
      surface antigens with high sensitivity and specificity. Several non-cross
      reacting hapten-antihapten antibody systems are described which are well-suited
      for simultaneous labeling of different surface antigens.

PMID- 368252
TI  - J. Adams Allen, M.D. 1825-1890.

PMID- 368253
TI  - A final farewell... Dr. James A. Harshman.

PMID- 368254
TI  - Biochemistry of the elastic fibers in normal connective tissues and its
      alterations in diseases.
AB  - The elastic fibers present in various connective tissues of the body are
      responsible for physiologic elasticity of the organs. These fibers consist of 2
      distinct components, elastin and the elastic fiber microfibrils. Controlled
      synthesis and balanced interaction of these 2 components are essential for normal
      fibrillogenesis. The intracellular biosynthesis of elastin by connective tissue
      cells, such as smooth muscle cells, involves assembly of the polypeptide chains
      on the membrane-bound ribosomes, hydroxylation of some prolyl residues to
      hydroxyproline, and secretion of the polypeptides packaged in Golgi vacuoles. In
      the extracellular space the elastin molecules assemble into fiber structures
      which are stabilized by the synthesis of complex covalent cross-links,
      desmosines. Recently, aberrations in the structure or metabolism of elastin have
      been detected in a variety of heritable and acquired diseases affecting skin and
      other connective tissues. These conditions include pseudoxanthoma elasticum,
      cutis laxa, and elastosis perforans serpiginosa, as well as arteriosclerosis and
      other degenerative changes of the vascular connective tissues.

PMID- 368255
TI  - Regional variation in the deposition of subepidermal immunoglobulin in NZB/W F1
      mice: association with epidermal DNA synthesis.
AB  - We have previously reported that aging NZB/W F1 mice develop irregular
      immunoglobulin deposits along the dermalepidermal junction similar in appearance
      to those seen in the visibly normal skin of systemic lupus erythematosus
      patients. In this report we have extended this observation by showing that the
      frequency of these deposits varies from site to site in the skin of these
      animals. This regional variation in frequency of deposits was found to correlate
      positively with regional differences in rates of epidermal basal cell DNA
      synthesis as determined by autoradiography. These findings provide an explanation
      for the observed regional variation in frequency of subepidermal immunoglobulin
      deposition that occurs in human systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 368256
TI  - A reappraisal of the relationship between subepidermal immunoglobulin deposits
      and DNA antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus: a study using the Crithidia
      luciliae immunofluorescence anti-DNA assay.
AB  - The relationship between normal skin subepidermal Ig deposits (subepi. Ig) and
      disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is controversial. For this
      reason we have compared certain qualitative and semiquantitative aspects of
      subepi. Ig in skin biopsies from uninvolved flexor forearm skin to an objective
      measure of disease severity in SLE, i.e., serum antibodies to double stranded DNA
      (anti-dsDNA) as determined by the Crithidia luciliae indirect immunofluorescence
      assay. We have found that both the number of subepi. Ig classes present and the
      subepi. Ig fluorescence intensity correlate positively with the presence and
      amount of circulating anti-dsDNA. The group of patients with subepi. IgM alone
      had anti-dsDNA no more frequently than the group without subepi. Ig; whereas, the
      group who concurrently had subepi. IgG, IgA, and IgM frequently had high titers
      of anti-dsDNA. There were some exceptions to these findings in individual
      patients, however. These findings illustrate the importance of carefully defining
      the immunofluorescence findings in SLE normal skin.

PMID- 368257
TI  - Edward Harold Kass: curriculum vitae and bibliography.

PMID- 368258
TI  - Greetings: Edward H. Kass.

PMID- 368259
TI  - Edward H. Kass--more than the editor.

PMID- 368260
TI  - The Journal of Infectious Diseases: yesteryear and today.

PMID- 368261
TI  - Protective studies with group A streptococcal M protein vaccine. III. Challenge
      of volunteers after systemic or intranasal immunization with Type 3 or Type 12
      group A Streptococcus.
AB  - Alum-precipitated and soluble, purified M protein vaccines were prepared from
      type 3 and type 12 group A Streptococcus. Adult volunteers were assigned to one
      of three groups: group I received placebo by both parenteral and intranasal
      routes; group 2 received vaccine parenterally (either type 3 or type 12) and
      placebo intranasally; and group 3 received placebo parenterally and vaccine
      intranasally (either type 3 or type 12). Subjects were inoculated three times at
      montly intervals. Thirty to 50 days after the last dose, all subjects were
      challenged with homologous streptococci applied to the oropharynx. Six subjects
      (30%) vaccinated subcutaneously had definite illness, three (15%) had probable
      illness, and 11 (55%) had no illness. In the group vaccinated intranasally, four
      (14%) had definite illness, two (7%) had probable illness, and 22 (79%) had no
      illness. Fifteen controls (42%) had definite illness, and 21 (58%) had no
      illness. The rate of colonization was significantly lower in recipients of
      intranasal vaccine. Average clinical scores and vaccine side effects were also
      decreased in subjects vaccinated intranasally. Induced serum antibody as measured
      by passive hemagglutination was not a reliable predictor of resistance to
      streptococcal pharyngitis. Penicillin was administered to all subjects five days
      after challenge. No sequelae of streptococcal infection or other complications
      occurred. Thus, local immunization with M protein apparently may reduce both
      colonization and clinical illness after challenge with homologous streptococci.

PMID- 368262
TI  - The pyrogenicity of the synthetic adjuvant muramyl dipeptide and two structural
      analogues.
AB  - The pyrogenic efect of the synthetic adjuvant N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine-D
      isoglutamine, also known as muramyl dipeptide (MDP), was studied in rabbits. MDP
      induced biphasic fevers in rabbits, but two structural analogues, N-acetylmuramyl
      L-alanine-D-glutamic acid (MDPA) and the dimethylester of MDPA, were 10 times
      less pyrogenic. This finding was supported by studies in which MDP and its
      analogues released leukocytic pyrogen (LP) from rabbit phagocytic cells in vitro.
      In addition, MDP released LP from human phagocytes. Human phagocytes, however,
      required a 10-fold greater concentration of MDP than did rabbit cells. The
      structural analogues were similarly less effective than the parent molecule in
      releasing LP from human cells. All preparations of MDP were negative in the
      limulus amebocyte lysate test and failed to show pyrogenic cross-tolerance with
      bacterial endotoxin. Thus MDP, which is a pyrogenic molecule, is also able to
      release LP from rabbit phagocytes and to a lesser degree from human phagocytes,
      but does not cause gelation of limulus amebocyte lysate.

PMID- 368263
TI  - Bacteriuria in a population-based cohort of women.
AB  - A survey for bacteriuria was conducted in a community-wide, unselected population
      of women 16--69 years old. The overall prevalence of bacteriuria was 3.5%. The
      prevalence of bacteriuria increased with age with a linear trend, but with a
      significant nonlinear component as well. Bacteriuria was associated with parity
      after correction for the effects of age. Current symptoms of dysuria and a
      history of previous urinary tract infection were slightly but significantly more
      common in women with bacteriuria. The population described should serve as an
      adequate base for continuing studies of the possible consequences of bacteriuria.

PMID- 368264
TI  - Bone and joint infections due to Salmonella.
AB  - A search of the records at the New York City Department of Health and the charts
      of patients at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital identified 37 cases of bone
      infection and nine cases of joint infection due to Salmonella between 1964 and
      1978. Factors that apparently contributed to the development of either
      osteomyelitis or septic arthritis in 23 of the patients included
      hemoglobinopathy, previous trauma or surgery, connective tissue disorder, and
      lymphoma. Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis were the most common
      serotypes involved with bone infections, whereas members of the C1 serogroup were
      the most common cause of septic joint infections. Isolates of C1 serogroup
      Salmonella were represented in both bone and joint infections with frequencies
      (24% and 67%, respectively) disproportionate to the numbers of Salmonella
      isolated from other sources during this period. Therapy for joint infections was
      usually successful, with minimal residual damage. Therapy for acute osteomyelitis
      was unaccountably inadequate, with many patients (47%) developing chronic
      infections. Use of inappropriate therapy or an insufficient period of therapy
      were the most important factors contributing to poor outcome.

PMID- 368265
TI  - Duration of hospitalization for bacteremic infections at Boston City Hospital
      during 12 selected years between 1935 and 1972.
AB  - In survivors of both community-acquired (CA) and hospital-acquired (HA)
      bacteremic infections at Boston City Hospital during 12 selected years between
      1935 and 1972, the mean hospital stay fluctuated widely from one selected year to
      the next, but it was generally shorter and early discharges were more frequent in
      the years when effective antibacterial agents were used. The greatest reduction
      in hospital stay occurred by 1941. The size of the fluctuations and reductions
      also varied with the causative organism. The average duration of hospitalization
      of all survivors of HA bacteremic infections after the first positive blood
      culture was 10.5 days longer than the total hospitalization of survivors of CA
      infections. The reduced length of hospital stay after 1935 is attributed to the
      successful use of effective antibacterial drugs, and the greater effect in CA
      than in HA cases is attributed to more frequent infections in the latter with
      organisms resistant to those drugs.

PMID- 368266
TI  - From the National Institutes of Health. Report of a workshop on clinical studies
      of the efficacy of amantadine and rimantadine against influenza vireus.

PMID- 368267
TI  - The use of cephradine in the prevention of gynecologic surgical infections.

PMID- 368268
TI  - Renal cell turnover studied by Y chromosome (Y body) staining of the transplanted
      human kidney.
AB  - To address questions about turnover between human renal cell populations and
      extrarenal cells, we studied kidneys that had been transplanted between sexes. By
      staining frozen sections with acranil and enumerating Y bodies, we could
      distinguish between male and female tubular and glomerular cells in control
      nontransplant kidneys. We studied 12 kidneys that had been transplanted from
      females to males, including seven which had mesangial cell hyperplasia in the
      transplant. There were virtually no Y body-positive nuclei in the glomeruli or
      tubules of the 12 kidneys. Thus there was no evidence for an extrarenal cell
      contribution to either normal or proliferative mesangial cells or to other renal
      cells. Two of these 12 kidneys had cellular glomerular crescents. Y body-postive
      extrarenal cells were present in the crescents. Interstitial infiltrates in
      female-to-male transplants were also Y body-positive.

PMID- 368269
TI  - Determination of virus-specific IgM antibodies by using ELISA: elimination of
      false-positive results with protein A-Sepharose absorption and subsequent IgM
      antibody assay.

PMID- 368270
TI  - The Georgia Heart Clinic System: three decades of service.

PMID- 368271
TI  - Medicine and art.

PMID- 368272
TI  - Andreas Vesalius 1514 - 1564.

PMID- 368273
TI  - Whole-lung irradiation in the treatment of pulmonary metastases.

PMID- 368274
TI  - Rabies laboratory techniques: review and comment.

PMID- 368275
TI  - Screening tests for dental materials.

PMID- 368276
TI  - Usage test for restorative materials.

PMID- 368277
TI  - A critical response to the Herbst method of treating pulps.

PMID- 368278
TI  - Cell-mediated response to endodontic cements: research report.

PMID- 368279
TI  - Aspirin: an update.

PMID- 368280
TI  - Radical treatment of alveolar abscess.

PMID- 368281
TI  - Iatrogenic root fractures: a case report.

PMID- 368282
TI  - The influence of contaminants on the mutagenic activity of dibromochloropropane
      (DBCP).
AB  - This study investigates the possible role of impurities in dibromochloropropane
      in inducing mutations, and discusses the importance of contaminants in
      mutagenicity and carcinogenicity testing. A technical grade sample and a pure
      sample of DBCP (no epichlorohydrin added) were assayed in Salmonella typhimurium
      TA1535, with and without S-9 activation, using agar overlay procedures and
      dessicator procedures. Assays performed with both technical and pure DBCP without
      metabolic activation resulted respectively in an increase in revertants with
      increasing dose (0-1600 microgram/plate) when the technical grade was tested, and
      no substantial increase in revertants over the same dose range when the pure DBCP
      was tested. Distillation of technical grade DBCP yielded an initial fraction
      containing high amounts of epichlorohydrin (verified by GC-MS) which was highly
      mutagenic. The amount of epichlorohydrin in the technical DBCP sample was
      calculated for each dose level tested, and the number of revertants obtained in
      tests of the technical DBCP sample could be attributed solely to the calculated
      amount of epichlorohydrin in each test dose. Tests of pure and technical DBCP
      using a dessicator technique produced a similar differential between the
      technical and pure compounds in mutagenicity. Activation of both technical and
      pure DBCP with S-9 from Aroclor pre-treated rats resulted in high mutagenic
      responses, of equal magnitude, from both preparations.

PMID- 368283
TI  - Mutagenicity and antibacterial activity of mycotoxins produced by Penicillium
      islandicum Sopp and Penicillium rugulosum.
AB  - Twelve mycotoxins produced by Penicillium islandicum Sopp and Penicillium
      rugulosum in solid-state fermentation on grains were purified and tested for
      mutagenicity and antibacterial activity in Salmonella/mammalian microsome assays.
      The mutations studied were reversions of histidine auxotrophs to prototrophy in
      strains TA98 and TA100 and forward mutations to 8-azaguanine resistance (8AGR) in
      strain TM677. Rubroskyrin, (+)rugulosin, lumiluteoskyrin [a photoproduct of (
      )luteoskyrin], and simatoxin [a new water-soluble metabolite of unknown
      structure] induced 8AGR mutations in strain TM677 but not histidine reversions in
      strains TA98 and TA100. Mutagenic potency was reduced by rat-liver microsomes.
      The carcinogens (-)luteoskyrin and cyclochlorotine were antibacterial but not
      mutagenic. (+)Rugulosin, rubroskyrin, lumiluteoskyrin, and high concentrations of
      simotoxin were also antibacterial. Antibacterial activity but not mutagenicity
      was observed with pibasterol and skyrin. Chrysophanol, islandicin, iridoskyrin,
      and emodin were inactive as mutagens or as antibacterial agents.

PMID- 368284
TI  - Effects of N-nitrosodiethylamine on murine hepatic mixed-function-oxidase
      activities.
AB  - Administration of N-nitrosodiethylamine (diethylnitrosamine, DEN) to mice caused
      a loss of cytochrome P-450 and a corresponding depression in the activities of
      aminopyrine demethylase and aniline hydroxylase. Maximum effects were achieved 24
      hr. after a single dose of 100 mg/kg. In chronic experiments, similar effects
      were achieved after animals had been drinking water containing 50 ppm of DEN for
      12 weeks. The effects of DEN on aminopyrine demethylase could not be reproduced
      by collecting microsomes, from homogenates which had been treated with DEN in
      vitro. Homogenates prepared from livers of mice treated chronically with DEN were
      used to activate compounds to mutagens in the Salmonella/microsome test of Ames.
      Activation by these homogenates was not lower than activation by homogenates
      prepared from control animals. In fact, activation of aflatoxin B1 was enhanced
      by use of homogenates from DEN-treated animals as source of activating enzymes.

PMID- 368285
TI  - The role of subregions of the rat major histocompatibility complex in the
      rejection and passive enhancement of renal allografts.
AB  - The laboratory recombinant haplotype H-1acl of the Norway rat has been used in
      studies of the rejection and passive enhancement of kidney allografts. While the
      full H-1a haplotype provoked acute rejection, neither of the isolated subregions,
      H-1Aa and H-1Ba, did so. It was also found that alloantisera raised against
      either the H-1Aa or the H-1Ba antigens would enhance the grafts. It is suggested
      that both MHC subregions contain a histocompatibility locus (i) for kidney (as
      they do for skin) and that in the genetic combinations studied only
      incompatibility for both provokes a response sufficient for rejection. In other
      combinations, however, single region incompatibilities may be sufficient.

PMID- 368286
TI  - Immunological properties of hyaluronidases associated with temperate
      bacteriophages of group A streptococci.
AB  - The antigenic relationships of hyaluronidases, bound and free, associated with
      temperate bacteriophages of group A streptococci were examined with antibody
      against purified whole phage and with antibody against phage-bound enzyme
      released by urea and purified to homogeneity. Studies performed by double
      diffusion in agar (ouchterlony) with antibody against the homologous purified
      enzyme from a temperate phage of a type 49 streptococcus indicated that the bound
      and free enzyme gave a single line of identity and that the free hyaluronidase
      activities in induced lysates of four strains of M type 49 streptococci were
      immunologically indistinguishable but different from the enzyme in induced
      lysates of a heterologous type. The four M type 49 strains were from widely
      different geographical or temporal sources and of different phage subtypes as
      determined by lyxic patterns. These findings were confirmed in studies that
      employed a functional assay of enzyme neutralization. An immunoglobulin
      preparation of antiserum against the purified enzyme as well as one against
      homologous purified whole phage neutralized the hyaluronidase activity produced
      by induction of the M type 49 strains and present either phage-bound or soluble
      in phage-free lysates. These immunoglobulin preparations had little effect on the
      hyaluronidase activities present in phage-lysates of other M types of group A
      streptococci. Inhibition of propagation of temperate phages by antibody against
      the purified phage hyaluronidase paralleled the neutralization of phage
      associated enzyme activity by this antibody, indicating that antibody to the
      purified enzyme can inhibit phage infection. Antibody preparations against the
      purified phage-bound enzyme or against purified whole phage did not neutralize
      the extracellular hyaluronidase in the supernate of an uninduced culture of M
      type 4 streptococci. A human serum strongly inhibitory for the extracellular
      enzyme of this strain or on the purified phage enzyme from an M type 49 strain.
      The results support the view that the hyaluronidases associated with the
      temperate bacteriophages from various M types of group A streptococci do not
      share common antigenic determinants but that an immunological specificity exists
      that parallels the serologic specificity of the M protein of the host strains.

PMID- 368287
TI  - Extracellular cytolysis by activated macrophages and granulocytes. I.
      Pharmacologic triggering of effector cells and the release of hydrogen peroxide.
AB  - Lymphoma cells were rapidly lysed by activated macrophages and granulocytes in
      the presence of PMA. Release of 51Cr from lymphoma cells correlated closely with
      their destruction as viewed by scanning electron microscopy, and with reduction
      in the number of trypan blue-excluding cells. The standard assay involved 51 Cr
      release measured at 4.5 h, but injury appeared to be complete in 1 h. Of eight
      different types of effector cells tested, only those releasing abundant H2O2 in
      response to PMA were effective, that, is BCG-, C. parvum-, or casein-activated
      macrophages, or thioglycollate-elicited granulocytes. Normal macrophages, J774
      cells, or macrophages elicited with thioglycollate broth or proteose-peptone were
      ineffective. BCG-activated macrophages and granulocytes caused 50% specific
      release of 51Cr from P388 lymphoma cells at E:T ratios between 1.4 and 4.5, and
      from mouse erythrocytes at E:T ratios of 0.017 to 0.025. 10 types of target cells
      varied widely in their susceptibility to lysis by reagent H2O2, with one-half
      maximal lysis occurring at H2O2 concentrations ranging from 3.63 X 10(-6) M to
      3.85 X 10(-5) M. Effector cells were expected to generate approximately that much
      H2O2 during the period of injury. Susceptibility of the target cells to lysis by
      PMA-triggered granulocytes correlated closely with their sensitivity to H2O2 (r =
      0.98). The membrane-active agents LPS and digitonin, which did not trigger H2O2
      release, did not trigger cytotoxicity. The dose-response curve for triggering of
      H2O2 release by PMA was identical to that for triggering cytotoxicity. These
      results provided strong circumstantial evidence for the importance of H2O2 in
      extracellular cytolysis by activated macrophages and granulocytes when
      pharmacologically triggered.

PMID- 368288
TI  - The occurrence of a protein in the extracellular products of streptococci
      isolated from patients with acute glomerulonephritis.
AB  - The present report compares the extracellular proteins of streptococci by sodium
      dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis. A marked variation in the
      streptococcal extracellualr proteins (SEP) of different strains was detected,
      even in strains of similar serotypes. It was possible, however, to identify a
      single protein band that occurred predominantly in the SEP of strains isolated
      from patients with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN). This
      protein was generally not produced by streptococci obtained from patients without
      this disease. It appears to be immunologically similar in the various serotypes
      of streptococci isolated from patients with APSGN and can be demonstrated by
      immunofluorescence techniques to be present in the glomeruli of these patients.

PMID- 368289
TI  - Development of orthopaedic surgery in Florida.

PMID- 368290
TI  - Recent advances in diagnosis and surgery for painful spinal disorders.

PMID- 368291
TI  - Do psychiatric patients fit their diagnoses? Patterns of symptomatology as
      described with the biplot.
AB  - Systems of psychiatric diagnosis have been regularly criticized for their low
      reliability and their inability to fit accurately the kinds of patients coming
      for treatment. To explore the reasons for these problems, this study utilizes a
      new method, the biplot, for defining groups of similar patients and the
      relationships of these groups to key symptom clusters. Using this technique to
      analyze data from a representative sample of first admissions for psychiatric
      disorder, results showed: a) symptom clusters representing the classical
      diagnostic categories, mania, schizophrenia, neurotic depression, and psychotic
      depression, were readily identified; b) however, only a few patients were
      clustered near these traditional syndromes. These findings suggest that although
      syndromes do exist that fit traditional diagnostic categories, the vast majority
      of patients fall between these syndromes, having characteristics from several of
      them. For most patients, forcing the diagnostician to choose among the categories
      requires an arbitrary decision that may contribute to dissatisfaction in the
      diagnostician who recognizes how misleading the diagnosis can be.

PMID- 368292
TI  - Nicolaus A. Friedreich's description of peripheral facial nerve paralysis in
      1798.
AB  - In 1798, Nicolaus A. Friedreich of Wurzburg published a detailed clinical account
      of three patients with idopathic peripheral facial nerve paralysis. His astute
      observations of onset, physical findings, natural course, treatment, and recovery
      preceded those of Charles Bell by 23 years.

PMID- 368293
TI  - Distribution of S-100 and 14-3-2 proteins on neuronal cell membranes.
AB  - The distribution of nervous tissue specific S-100 and 14.3.2 proteins was studied
      over the total surface of isolated, intact nerve cells by immunofluorescence
      microscopy. The distribution of the antigens was different on the front and back
      of the cells, indicating complicated S-100 and 14.3.2 patterns. A partly
      overlapping in membrane pattern of S-100 and 14.3.2 proteins was observed,
      although S-100 protein dominated with respect to membrane areas covered. At
      higher resolution the specific fluorescence appeared as conglomerates and islets.
      The neuronal membrane patterns of S-100 and 14.3.2 antigens, including synapses
      suggest that nerve cell membranes are functionally differentiated, thus greatly
      increasing the capacity for identification of incoming stimuli.

PMID- 368294
TI  - Obituary: John Alfred Wagner.

PMID- 368295
TI  - Total treatment planning for esthetic problems of the face: a team approach.
AB  - Oral and maxillofacial surgeons now have the capabilities to plan a total
      treatment for the entire face. In some instances, a team may be formed to deal
      with ancillary areas of expertise. Patients may be directed to members of the
      team who are cognizant of each other's capabilities. In this manner, the most
      complete type of treatment plan may be suggested to the patient.

PMID- 368296
TI  - Surgical correction of infraorbital-maxillary deficiency.
AB  - Patients who have a maxilla that is retruded or hypoplastic, or both, but who
      have a mandible of normal position and size, will have degrees of flatness in the
      middle third of the face. Using systematic clinical evaluation and cephalometric
      skeletal analysis, a clinically recognizable facial deformity manifested by
      retrusion or hypoplasia, or both, of the maxilla, anterior zygoma, and
      infraorbital rims has been recognized. This deformity has been classified as
      infraorbital maxillary deficiency. The purpose of this paper is to describe an
      infraorbital-maxillary osteotomy for correction of this dentofacial deformity and
      to give a rationale for its use. The design of this osteotomy is determined by
      the skeletal deformity and can be classified as either low or high. The objective
      is to produce simultaneously a functional occlusion and facial harmony. Two of
      eight cases corrected by this surgical treatment are described.

PMID- 368297
TI  - Induction of macrophage DNA synthesis in vitro by non-immunological inflammatory
      exudates: effect of irradiation and thymus or bone marrow cell reconstitution.
AB  - An acute inflammatory exudate possesses mitogenic activity in that it is able to
      induce both DNA synthesis and proliferation of macrophages in vitro. This
      activity is reduced however if the inflammatory exudate is obtained from
      irradiated rats (900 r). Transfer of bone marrow syngeneic cells into irradiated
      rats does not reverse this reduction. On the contrary the decrease of mitogenic
      activity is more pronounced. On the other hand transfer of thymic syngeneic cells
      not only restores the mitogenic activity of inflammatory exudate from irradiated
      rats but increases it. Transfer of both types of cell together fully restores the
      mitogenic activity of inflammatory exudate. It is postulated that the mitogenic
      activity of inflammatory exudate could be related to thymic cells and that T
      lymphocytes may be involved in non-specific inflammatory reactions.

PMID- 368298
TI  - Febrile seizures: the treatment controversy.

PMID- 368299
TI  - A prospective randomized study to determine the efficacy of steroids in treatment
      of croup.
AB  - We evaluated the use of dexamethasone in the management of acute
      laryngotracheobronchitis (croup). Thirty patients, ranging in age from eight to
      60 months, were evaluated in a prospective, double-blind study. Patients received
      dexamethasone, 0.3 mg/kg at the time of admission and a similar dose 2 hours
      later, and were compared with a placebo group receiving saline. Sixteen patients
      received dexamethasone and 14 patients received the placebo. Severity of each
      group was scored by a standardized system. Patients receiving dexamethasone had a
      mean admission score of 8.46 points; patients receiving placebo, 8.14. Twenty
      four hours after admission the patients in the treatment group had a mean score
      of 1.19 as contrasted with a score of 5.58 for the placebo group (P less than
      0.01). We concluded that dexamethasone when administered in adequate dosage by an
      intramuscular route hastens the recovery of infants and children with acute
      uncomplicated croup.

PMID- 368300
TI  - Prospective diagnosis of early onset group B streptococcal infection by
      countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis.

PMID- 368302
TI  - Commentary: infant botulism and the honey connection.

PMID- 368301
TI  - Honey and other environmental risk factors for infant botulism.
AB  - Infant botulism results from the in vivo production of toxin by Clostridium
      botulinum after it has colonized the infant's gut. Epidemiologic and laboratory
      investigations of this recently recognized disease were undertaken to identify
      risk factors and routes by which C. botulinum spores might reach susceptible
      infants. Clostridium botulinum organisms, but no preformed toxin, were identified
      in six different honey specimens fed to three California patients with infant
      botulism, as well as from 10% (9/90) of honey specimens studied. By food exposure
      history, honey was significantly associated with type B infant botulism (P =
      0.005). In California, 29.2% (12/41) of hospitalized patients had been fed honey
      prior to onset of constipation; worldwide, honey exposure occurred in 34.7%
      (28/75) of hospitalized cases. Of all food items tested, only honey contained C.
      botulinum organisms. On household vacuum cleaner dust specimens and five soil
      specimens (three from case homes, two from control homes) contained Clostridium
      botulinum. The known ubiquitous distribution of C. botulinum implies that
      exposure to its spores is universal and that host factors contribute importantly
      to the pathogenesis of infant botulism. However, honey is now an identified and
      avoidable source of C. botulinum spores, and it therefore should not be fed to
      infants.

PMID- 368303
TI  - Presentation of the 1977 Henry Baldwin Ward medal.

PMID- 368304
TI  - In memoriam. Centenary of academician K. I. Skrjabin.

PMID- 368305
TI  - Immunofluorescent staining of exoerythrocytic schizonts of Plasmodium berghei in
      fixed liver tissue with stage-specific immune serum.

PMID- 368306
TI  - Systemic response to mydriatic eyedrops in neonates: mydriatics in neonates.
AB  - During routine dilation of 48 newborns, systemic responses and pupil dilation
      were monitored. Both 10 percent aqueous and viscous phenylephrine caused
      blanching around the eyes and produced considerable rise in blood pressure.
      Dilatation average 4.7 mm. In a double blind study, a 2.5 percent solution caused
      no skin blanching and no change in pressure or heart rate. Average dilation was
      4.5 mm. No blood pressure changes were observed with either one percent
      cyclopentolate or one percent tropicamide. Average dilatations were 5.0 mm and
      5.3 mm respectively. The above agents, used individually for a total dosage of
      three drops in each eye did not provide adequate dilation for a thorough
      funduscopic examination. Our protocol at United Hospitals Medical Center is a
      safe combination of drugs and provides excellent dilatation averaging greater th
      an 7 mm. No skin blanching or change in heart rate was observed.

PMID- 368307
TI  - In memorial.

PMID- 368308
TI  - Strikingly prominent temporal artery.

PMID- 368309
TI  - Harry Staffileno, Jr., B.A., D.D.S., M.sc. President of The American Academy of
      Periodontology, 1979.

PMID- 368310
TI  - The relationship between gingival crevicular fluid and gingival inflammation. A
      clinical and histologic study.

PMID- 368311
TI  - [Synthesis of 3-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil (author's transl)].

PMID- 368312
TI  - Effects of ethanol on the hypothalamic-pituitary-luteinizing hormone axis and
      testicular steroidogenesis.

PMID- 368313
TI  - Sodium bromide and sodium valproate: effective suppressants of ethanol withdrawal
      reactions in mice.
AB  - Mice were made physically dependent on ethanol by a 3-day alcohol inhalation
      regimen, using pyrazole to stabilize blood ethanol concentrations. After
      withdrawal, convulsions elicited by handling were scored repeatedly for 30 hr as
      a measure of central nervous system hyperexcitability. Administration of sodium
      bromide, 0.2 to 2.0 g/kg i.p., suppressed the convulsions in a dose-related
      fashion. Bromide was effective at subsedative doses. However, bromide increased
      the postwithdrawal mortality. Bromide may act at chloride channels, as gamma
      aminobutyric acid does. Valproate and its amide temporarily suppressed the
      withdrawal reaction at doses that caused some sedation. Muscimol and beta-alanine
      had no effect.

PMID- 368314
TI  - Prostacyclin effects on renal hemodynamic and excretory functions in the rat.
AB  - Blood pressure, renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and urine
      composition and flow rate were measured, and renal vascular resistance was
      calculated, before and during infusion of prostacyclin (PGI2) i.v. or i.a. just
      proximal to the origins of 250 ng/min, PGI2 caused a significant but slight (13%)
      reduction in renal vascular resistance, but did not consistently increase renal
      blood flow. Given at the highest infusion rate which could be sustained without
      reducing blood pressure, PGI2 did not alter glomerular filtration rate or urine
      composition or flow rate. Intravenous PGI2 infusion caused reductions in systemic
      blood pressure and renal blood flow at a dose of 50 ng/min; infusion into the
      abdominal aorta produced equal reductions in pressure and flow at a dose of 500
      ng/min. Although PGI2 is the only prostaglandin shown to reduce renal vascular
      resistance in the rat, it does not appear to be sufficiently specific for the
      renal vasculature or potent enough to justify suggesting a physiological role in
      regulation of renal function in the rat.

PMID- 368315
TI  - A clinical evaluation of removable partial dentures with I-bar retainers. Part I.

PMID- 368316
TI  - Vital root retention in humans: an interim report.
AB  - A protocol based upon findings in laboratory animal studies was established for
      the retention of vital roots for overdenture support in humans. Ten patients with
      a mean age of 54.5 years and a postsurgical mean time of 11.1 months had 45 vital
      teeth buried submucosally under complete overdentures. Of the 45 teeth, 37
      remained vital, seven were endodontically treated due to acute pulpal response
      following surgery, and one tooth has been extracted. A mean interproximal bone
      loss of 1.1 mm had occurred at the time the data were tabulated for this report.
      This project included a cross section of patient types, tooth selection, and
      surgical and prosthodontic management that varied slightly from the methods
      utilized in earlier patient treatment. The inclusion of maxillary teeth, the
      increased thoroughness of root surface roundings, and the utilization of root
      canal therapy with subsequent reburying of apulpally involved teeth expanded the
      scope of this research. A final report on this project will be forthcoming when
      all patients have been followed for a 24-month period.

PMID- 368317
TI  - Occlusal force transmission by overdenture attachments.
AB  - This investigation utilized a composite photoelastic model to examine the load
      transfer characteristics of several overdenture attachments. Tissue bar (Hader
      and King Connector) and stud (extracoronal) attachments (Rotherman, Gerber, and
      Ancrofix) were studied. The following observations may provide guidelines for the
      selection of overdenture attachments. 1. The more retentive tissue bar and
      extracoronal attachments produced higher stress concentrations. 2. Of the tissue
      bars tested, the Hader Bar produced less torquing forces on the abutment teeth.
      3. The Ancrofix appeared to share the forces of occlusion between abutments and
      the posterior edentulous regions. 4. It must be emphasized that several other
      factors will also influence the choice of overdenture attachments, such as the
      judgment of the dentist, economics with respect to the patient, and the
      availability of laboratory expertise.

PMID- 368318
TI  - A comparison of the casting accuracy of base metal and gold alloys.
AB  - The casting accuracy of three alloys was compared, and statistically significant
      differences in the dimensions of each alloy were demonstrated when the frameworks
      were compared to their respective master casts. There are certain problems with
      the accuracy of each alloy studied; thus framework try-in appointments and
      wrought wire clasps soldered to the finished framework are advocated.

PMID- 368319
TI  - Cast gold restoration with self-threading pins.

PMID- 368320
TI  - Occlusal considerations for the partial mandibulectomy patient.
AB  - The occlusal scheme fabricated for a patient with a mandibular defect varies
      extensively from patient to patient, with some limitations in occlusal
      efficiency. Some patients may expect little or no occlusal efficiency if the
      defect is large and if the associated mandibular deviation and the lack of muscle
      control and excessive. If the continuity of the mandible can be restored by
      secondary surgical management (Fig. 10, A), most of the problems of the
      discontinuity defect can be resolved. Whether the teeth in the region of the
      defect are replaced or not may be dependent on other factors, but the mandible
      can be treated as a stable entity within itself, and the prosthodontic approach
      can be similar to that discussed for the continuity defect (Fig. 10, B). The
      mandibulectomy patient is difficult to manage because the prosthodontist is
      limited in his ability to provide a reasonable and practical occlusal scheme.
      However, these patients need the definitive clinical and psychological support of
      the prosthodontist. Most patients recognize the limitations of their
      rehabilitation and are appreciative of the prosthodontic therapy that enhances
      their rehabilitative progress.

PMID- 368321
TI  - Application of various removable partial denture design concepts to a maxillary
      obturator prosthesis.
AB  - A patient with a relatively minor yet common acquired maxillary defect was
      provided with three obturators of differing design. His subjective evaluations
      and the relative merits of the designs were discussed.

PMID- 368322
TI  - Sequential palatal expansion and premaxillary retrusion for cleft palate infants.
AB  - This article has described a technique to achieve maxillary orthopedics for the
      infant with a bilateral cleft lip, protruded premaxilla, and intact palate. Both
      maxillary expansion and retraction of the premaxilla can be accomplished with the
      same prosthesis.

PMID- 368323
TI  - One-step border molding of complete denture impressions using a polyether
      impression material.
AB  - A technique has been described which uses a polyether impression material for
      border molding of complete denture impressions. It has the following advantages:
      1. There is simultaneous molding of all borders of either the maxillary or
      mandibular impression. 2. Border molding can be accomplished with one insertion
      of the tray. 3. Functional movements performed by the patient are used in border
      molding. 4. The technique is easily mastered.

PMID- 368324
TI  - Technique for recording dental cast-surveyor relations.

PMID- 368325
TI  - Simplified denture repair technique.
AB  - The use of a cyanoacrylate adhesive to accurately and easily assemble the
      fractured segments of a denture is advocated. The repair can then be accomplished
      quickly without the need to pour a stone cast so that the patient does not remain
      without the prosthesis for extended periods. In addition, dentures once deemed
      unrepairable by conventional methods because they were broken into many pieces
      can now be salvaged.

PMID- 368326
TI  - Competition among serologically different clones of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
      in vivo.
AB  - When different antigenic variant clones are injected in equal numbers into white
      mice one variant clone always replaces the other. This phenomenon appears to be a
      predictable one, even under conditions analogous to a chronic infection. It is
      hypothesized that a constant ratio is approached between the number of cells of
      different antigenic serotypes present in a single population, in such a manner
      that there is always a major antigenic variant and minor populations of different
      antigenic variants. It is further suggested that these ratios can undergo rapid
      changes in response to changes in the environment, e.g. nutritional status of the
      host, changes in body temperature, antibody synthesis, etc. The changes in these
      ratios are discussed in relation to the mechanism(s) of antigenic variation.

PMID- 368327
TI  - Treating psychosomatic disorders related to birth trauma.

PMID- 368328
TI  - Bodywork and somatised complaints.

PMID- 368329
TI  - New approaches to the management of essential hypertension with psychological
      techniques.

PMID- 368330
TI  - Chemotherapy of pneumonias.

PMID- 368331
TI  - The treatment of the choreas and athetotic dystonias.

PMID- 368332
TI  - The writings of Thomas Luke MD FRCSEd.

PMID- 368333
TI  - Double blind trial of clonidine in the treatment of migraine in a general
      practice.
AB  - The value of clonidine (;Dixarit') for the prophylaxis of migraine has been
      assessed by a double blind cross-over trial. A dose of up to 0.15 mg daily was
      used. No effect on the frequency of the headaches could be detected over and
      above the 60 per cent reduction observed with a placebo. Severity, assessed
      subjectively by the patient, when it varied between placebo and clonidine, was
      less with clonidine (p<0.01). There was also some evidence that headaches lasting
      more than 12 hours were less common during treatment with the drug.

PMID- 368334
TI  - The immunoglobulin class of anti-DNA antibodies: detection by a fluorometric
      immunoassay: clinical and pathological correlations in SLE.
AB  - The relationship of the immunoglobulin class of anti-double stranded DNA
      antibodies to the histological and clinical evidence of glomerulonephritis was
      examined in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus using a quantitative solid
      phase fluorometric immunoassay. Patients with anti-DNA antibodies of the IgG
      class had more severe histologic changes on renal biopsy, more clinical evidence
      of active renal disease and lower hemolytic complement levels. The class of anti
      DNA antibodies in the serum did not always correspond with the class of
      immunoglobulin deposited in the glomeruli of renal biopsy specimens.

PMID- 368335
TI  - Edith Whetnall's contribution to British audiology.

PMID- 368336
TI  - Tropical enteritis: a review.

PMID- 368337
TI  - Early roots of the Royal Society of Medicine--an exercise in moderation.

PMID- 368338
TI  - The annual awards of the Association of American Medical Colleges. The Abraham
      Flexner Award. Dr. Ivan L. Bennett, Jr.

PMID- 368339
TI  - The annual awards of the Association of American Medical Colleges. The Borden
      Award. Dr. Bert W. O'Malley.

PMID- 368340
TI  - Diagnose: a medical computer game utilizing deductive reasoning.

PMID- 368341
TI  - In vitro analysis of the Escherichia coli RNA polymerase interaction with wild
      type and mutant lactose promoters.

PMID- 368342
TI  - Tandem genetic duplications in Salmonella typhimurium: amplification of the
      histidine operon.

PMID- 368343
TI  - Ribosomal proteins L7/L12 localized at a single region of the large subunit by
      immune electron microscopy.

PMID- 368344
TI  - Proteins fro Escherichia coli ribosomes involved in the binding of erythromycin.

PMID- 368345
TI  - Identification and restriction endonuclease mapping of the threonine operon
      regulatory region.

PMID- 368347
TI  - Comparison of light-microscopic methods for visualizing horseradish peroxidase
      granules in stained and unstained tissue.
AB  - This study was directed toward a comparison of the effectiveness of three
      different light-microscopical methods for identifying and studying the features
      of cells that contain horseradish peroxidase (HRP) granules. The cells studied
      were located in the trigeminal ganglia and were labeled after the injection of
      HRP solutions into single, maxillary, canine teeth. The tissue was examined with
      light field, dark field, and differential interference optical systems. The
      results indicated that differential interference optics were especially useful in
      revealing the presence of intracellular HRP granules in both unstained and
      stained tissue, particularly when cells only contained small amounts of HRP. It
      was also noted that a wide variety of quantitative analyses could be performed
      with differential interference optics, even when using unstained tissue.

PMID- 368346
TI  - Bacteriophage MS2 RNA: a correlation between the stability of the codon:
      anticodon interaction and the choice of code words.
AB  - The non-random distribution of degenerate code words in Bacteriophage MS2 RNA can
      be explained partially by considerations of the stability of the codon-anticodon
      complex in prokaryotic systems. Supporting this hypothesis we note that wobble
      codons are positively selected in codons having G and/or C in the first two
      positions. In contrast, wobble codons are statistically less likely in codons
      composed of A and U in the first two positions. Analyses of nucleotides adjacent
      to 5' and 3' ends of codons indicate a nonrandom distribution as well. It is thus
      likely that some elements of RNA evolution are independent of the structural
      needs of the RNA itself and of the translated protein product.

PMID- 368348
TI  - Comparison between moist swab and tissue biopsy methods for quantitation of
      bacteria in experimental incisional wounds.
AB  - The relationship between tissue-associated and wound fluid-associated levels of
      bacteria in closed, healing experimental incisional wounds seeded with
      Escherichia coli was examined in 200 rats. Tissue specimens and moist swab
      specimens were taken simultaneously and cultured by a single plate serial
      dilution method. Colony counts of approximately 10(5) bacteria/gm of tissue were
      found to be equivalent to colony counts of 10(3) bacteria/ml of specimen obtained
      on a moist swab. Moist swab sampling of an incisional wound therefore offers a
      direct and simple method of ascertaining infection (defined by others as greater
      than 10(5) bacteria/gm of tissue). Moist swab sampling obviates the necessity of
      surgical manipulation of the patient and subsequent weighing and grinding of
      tissue in the laboratory.

PMID- 368349
TI  - The fractured cervical spine rendered unstable by anterior cervical fusion.
AB  - Anterior interbody grafts are prone to displacement if there is posterior
      instability or gross deformity of the vertebral body. Twenty-one patients treated
      with anterior interbody fusion for cervical vertebral fractures and dislocations
      were studied. Twelve of the fractures were considered unstable preoperatively,
      and 50% of this group treated with anterior stabilization had graft migration
      postoperatively. If anterior fusion is used in unstable cervical fractures then
      posterior stabilization or complete bed rest with effective external
      stabilization (i.e., tongs or Halo-thoracic brace) for 4 weeks is mandatory. The
      other alternative is posterior stabilization before anterior decompression. In
      the presence of posterior instability, anterior interbody fusion alone cannot be
      recommended as the treatment of choice for cervical fractures.

PMID- 368350
TI  - [Mandibular hemangioma].
AB  - A complete review of the literature, since 1849 up to the present, was done. An
      additional personal case report describes an eight year old girl with radical
      resection and reconstruction, using an autogenous bone graft from the tibia. The
      diagnostic and therapeutic problems associated with this type of lesion are
      presented. The possibility of hemangioma must be considered in front of
      osteolytic lesions of the mandibule.

PMID- 368351
TI  - Foreign body perforation of the esophagus initiating traumatic pericarditis in an
      Australian fur seal.
AB  - Postmortem examination of a juvenile Australian fur seal, Arctocephalus pusillus
      doriferus, washed ashore on Philip Island, Victoria, revealed traumatic fibrinous
      pericarditis and hemothorax. A foreign body lodged in the right ventricle was
      identified as the barbed spine of the ray Urolophus paucimaculatus. A small
      puncture wound through the esophagus indicated the initial perforation site.

PMID- 368352
TI  - Rapid identification of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in infected cell
      cultures by immunoperoxidase techniques.
AB  - Direct and indirect immunoperoxidase (IP) techniques were evaluated for their
      potential in identifying infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) virus. Both
      techniques were shown to offer a relatively simple, rapid and efficient means for
      the specific identification of IPN virus in infected cells. The direct IP method
      resulted in less nonspecific staining; however, the indirect method was clearly
      specific and utilized commercially available reagents.

PMID- 368353
TI  - Osteomyelitis and arthritis caused by Salmonella typhimurium in a crow.
AB  - Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from an arthritic elbow joint of a crow
      (Corvus brachyrhynchos) which also had bilateral osteomyelitis of proximal
      tibias. The prevalence of Salmonella organisms in wild birds is reviewed briefly.

PMID- 368354
TI  - Prevention of Russian influenza by amantadine.
AB  - We tested the effectiveness of amantadine hydrochloride in prevention of illness
      and infection caused by Russian (h1n1) influenza. The trial lasted seven weeks
      and was double-blind and placebo controlled. The dosage used was 200 mg daily.
      Efficacy in prevention of serologically confirmed clinical influenza was 70.7%.
      Efficacy in prevention of infection, symptomatic or asymptomatic, was 39.4%. Side
      effects seen were all mild, began within two days of the start of the trial, and
      terminated rapidly on cessation of prophylaxis. The withdrawal rate attributable
      to use of amantadine was 6.2%. Those who continued to receive prophylaxis for the
      remainder of the trial did not exhibit excess side effects. It is concluded that
      amantadine is safe and effective in prophylaxis of H1N1 strains, as has been
      shown previously for other subtypes of A influenza.

PMID- 368355
TI  - Derek H.R. Barton.

PMID- 368357
TI  - Minnesota maverick: Owen H. Wangensteen.

PMID- 368356
TI  - Salmonella typhimurium. Transmission by fiberoptic upper gastrointestinal
      endoscopy.
AB  - During a four-month period, Salmonella typhimurium developed in seven persons
      within five days of fiberoptic upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. A
      retrospective cohort study confirmed the association between S typhimurium
      infection and fiberoptic upper GI endoscopy. Salmonella typhimurium was cultured
      from the endoscopic equipment and the accessory suction equipment. The Salmonella
      isolated from the endoscopic and accessory suction equipment was identical to
      that recovered from the seven patients with salmonellosis by serotype,
      antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, and bacteriophage lysis pattern. Salmonella
      transmission was attributed to inadequate disinfection of the endoscope and
      accessory equipment between procedures. The original source of the contamination
      was not discovered.

PMID- 368358
TI  - Sir Frank MacFarlane Burnet.

PMID- 368359
TI  - Hypertension following renal transplantation. Causative factors and therapeutic
      implications.
AB  - During a five-year period, we studied 21 of 319 renal transplant recipients who
      were admitted for evaluation of refractory hypertension. For comparison we
      examined 93 consecutive patients in the renal transplant clinic. Hypertension,
      which was noted in 47% of the outpatients, occurred with greater frequency
      following renal transplantation from cadaveric donors and was associated with a
      decline in renal function. The 21 inpatients had higher blood pressures and were
      studied at an earlier stage than their outpatient counterparts. Fourteen of the
      inpatients had underlying stenosis of their transplant artery nd
      revascularization of the transplanted kidney was possible in the majority of
      these patients. Stenosis of the transplant artery was suggested by the occurrence
      of severe hypertension during the first year following transplantation, a bruit
      in the transplant region, and increased levels of peripheral plasma renin
      activity.

PMID- 368360
TI  - Hermann Snellen.

PMID- 368361
TI  - Single-dose treatment of urinary tract infections.

PMID- 368362
TI  - JAMA Reference Directories.

PMID- 368363
TI  - Ampicillin prevents intrapartum transmission of group B streptococcus.
AB  - Early-onset group B streptococcus (GBS) disease in the infant is acquired by
      vertical transmission from the mother colonized with GBS. Thirty-four women
      colonized with GBS were treated with intravenous ampicillin sodium during labor.
      None of their infants were colonized with GBS at birth or within 48 hours. Twenty
      four women colonized with GBS received no antibiotic therapy; 14 (58%) of their
      infants were colonized with GBS at birth or by 48 hours. This difference was
      highly significant. Mechanisms by which this may have occurred were temporary
      suppression of GBS vaginal and rectal colonization, high concentration of
      ampicillin in the amniotic fluid, and transplacental transport of the antibiotic
      to the infant. In areas where GBS disease is prevalent, we recommend screening
      pregnant women (34 to 36 weeks' gestation) and treating those colonized with GBS
      (with no history of penicillin hypersensitivity) with intravenous ampicillin
      during labor.

PMID- 368364
TI  - Antimicrobial vs placebo prophylaxis in noncardiac thoracic surgery.
AB  - A prospective, double-blind evaluation of the efficacy and safety of prophylactic
      cephalosporins was done in 57 patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery.
      Twenty-eight received cephalosporin therapy, and 29 received placebo. Overall,
      the incidence of postoperative infections was the same; infections developed in
      five (17.8%) of the 28 patients in the cephalosporin group and in five (17.2%) of
      the 29 patients in the placebo group. Of the five deaths attributable to
      infection, three occurred in patients receiving placebo and two in patients
      receiving cephalosporin therapy. No differences were noted in WBC counts, fever,
      duration of hospitalization, hypersensitivity reactions, or abnormal liver
      functions. However, drug fever, phlebitis, and abnormal renal function occurred
      more often in the patients receiving cephalosporin therapy.

PMID- 368365
TI  - JAMA Reference Directories.

PMID- 368366
TI  - Legionnaires' disease. A cause of lung abscess.

PMID- 368367
TI  - Egas Moniz.

PMID- 368368
TI  - A comparative study of bronchodilator effects of carbuterol and ephedrine.
AB  - The bronchodilator effect of carbuterol hydrochloride, a new adrenergic agonist,
      was compared with that of ephedrine sulfate in 12 patients with bronchial asthma.
      A 2-mg dosage of carbuterol hydrochloride, three times daily, was used in
      comparison with a 25-mg dosage of ephedrine sulfate, three times daily. The drugs
      were orally administered for ten-day periods in a double-blind, randomized
      manner. After carbuterol therapy, the mean increases in forced expiratory volume
      in one second and midmaximal expiratory flow rate were significantly greater in a
      four-hour period than those noticed with ephedrine. A decrease in bronchodilator
      response to both drugs was noticed on the tenth day. No side effects were noticed
      with carbuterol at the aforementioned dosage. The results of our study indicate
      that carbuterol is a safer and more effective bronchodilator than ephedrine.

PMID- 368369
TI  - Neurologist H. Houston Merritt is dead.

PMID- 368370
TI  - Vitamin C prophylaxis in marine recruits.
AB  - A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was carried out to determine
      whether vitamin C prophylaxis, 2.0 g/day, vs placebo prophylaxis would reduce the
      incidence or morbidity of the common cold and other respiratory illnesses in 674
      marine recruits during an eight-week period. Whole-blood ascorbic acid levels
      measured six weeks after initiation of the study were significantly higher in the
      vitamin C group. There was no difference between the two groups in the incidence
      or duration of colds. The vitamin C group rated their colds as being less severe,
      but this was not reflected in different symptom complexes or in fewer sick-call
      visits or training days lost. This study and the literature do not support the
      prophylactic use of vitamin C to prevent the common cold.

PMID- 368371
TI  - Respiratory therapy. Current practice in ambulatory patients with chronic airflow
      obstruction.
AB  - The role of respiratory therapy in treating ambulatory patients with chronic
      obstructive pulmonary disease is becoming more clearly defined. Oxygen therapy on
      a continuous basis is needed for patients with arterial PO2 values below 45 mm Hg
      and should be considered for patients with arterial PO2 values between 45 and 55
      mm Hg who have chronic cor pulmonale, erythrocytosis with hematocrit value
      greater than 55%, and disturbances of cognition and sleep. Concentrated
      bronchodilator and corticosteroid aerosols have established roles in therapy; the
      place of bland aerosols is less clear They may increase ease of expectoration and
      should be given by simple compressed-air nebulizer systems; their administration
      by brief periods of intermittent positive-pressure breathing is rarely justified.
      Three-positional, postural drainage with chest percussion and vibration may be
      helpful in mobilizing secretions in patients with severe disease.

PMID- 368372
TI  - [The structural basis of outer membrane permeability in gram-negative bacteria
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 368374
TI  - The present status of blood component therapy in the United States.

PMID- 368373
TI  - [A case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with allogeneic bone marrow
      transplantation from a HLA identical sibling (author's transl)].

PMID- 368375
TI  - [Hematopoietic cells and terminal transferase (author's transl)].

PMID- 368377
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 368378
TI  - [Recent results in hemopoietic stem cell research (author's transl)].

PMID- 368376
TI  - [Aplastic anemia treated by isogeneic or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 368379
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 368380
TI  - [A case of reticulum cell sarcoma of the thyroid (author's transl)].

PMID- 368381
TI  - [Angiographic aspects of anomalies of vertebral artery (author's transl)].

PMID- 368383
TI  - [Japanese literature on the night duty and shift system].

PMID- 368382
TI  - [Reactivity of bullous pemphigoid antibodies to the basaloid cells of seborrheic
      keratosis by complement immunofluorescent staining (author's transl)].

PMID- 368384
TI  - International literature on the night duty and shift system.

PMID- 368385
TI  - [Taking long view of hemodialysis and transplantation (author's transl)].

PMID- 368386
TI  - [Taking long view of hemodialysis and transplantation (author's transl)].

PMID- 368387
TI  - [Renal transplantation from a living donor (author's transl)].

PMID- 368388
TI  - [Cadaveric renal transplantation (author's transl)].

PMID- 368389
TI  - [Development of hypogonadism due to hemodialysis and kidney transplantation].

PMID- 368390
TI  - [Kidney transplantation and problems of hemodialysis based on child development].

PMID- 368391
TI  - [Advantages and disadvantages of dialysis and kidney transplantation].

PMID- 368392
TI  - [Comparison of dialysis treatment and kidney transplantation observed in lesions
      of renal capillaries].

PMID- 368393
TI  - [Emotion, facial expression, and cultural differences].

PMID- 368394
TI  - [In memorium:  Prof. Masayoshi Ishikawa].

PMID- 368395
TI  - [Relationship of serological typings on infecting urinary E. coli to the urethral
      and rectal flora in women with the urinary distress (author's transl)].

PMID- 368396
TI  - [Qualitative analysis of urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in renal
      transplant rejection (author's transl)].

PMID- 368397
TI  - [Studies on the hemodynamic status of renal homograft utilizing Doppler flow
      technique. III. Predictability of the graft prognosis during rejection crisis
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 368398
TI  - [Study on dosage schedule of antimicrobial agents: in vitro experiments on the
      dosage schedule of antibiotics relating to the growth inhibition period of
      bacteria].

PMID- 368399
TI  - Treating intoxicated patients in the emergency department.

PMID- 368400
TI  - Preventing the adult respiratory distress syndrome.

PMID- 368401
TI  - Cultural aspects of death and dying.

PMID- 368402
TI  - Law and the emergency nurse: failure to relay history.

PMID- 368403
TI  - Transtracheal ventilation.

PMID- 368404
TI  - Smoke inhalation: assessment and management.

PMID- 368405
TI  - Proposed draft of the EDNA bylaws.

PMID- 368406
TI  - Natural killer cells as antitumor effector cells.

PMID- 368408
TI  - Cesarean births.

PMID- 368407
TI  - Maternal positions for childbirth: a historical review of nursing care practices.
AB  - The basis of maternity care practices related to maternal position for childbirth
      is analyzed historically in a review of the American periodical nursing
      literature from the early 1900's to the present and of contemporary maternity
      nursing texts. The factors of 1) concomitant obstetrical practices, 2) the
      prerogative of the physician, and 3) the evolving and predominantly supportive
      role of the nurse are identified as the major influences on these nursing
      practices. Historical aspects of the development of the current role of the nurse
      in maternity care are identified. While nurses are currently questioning care
      practices related to the positions of women for childbirth and offering more
      explicit rationale, the need for research related to features of physical care
      and a more assertive professional role for nurses is emphasized.

PMID- 368409
TI  - NAACOG--the first 10 years.

PMID- 368410
TI  - From here to 2000: a look at the population problem.

PMID- 368411
TI  - Can Bilharzia occur in the Delaware Water Gap?

PMID- 368412
TI  - Applying the methods of science to the study of tropical diseases--the story of
      Andrew Watson Sellards.

PMID- 368413
TI  - [Anniversary year 1979].

PMID- 368414
TI  - [Margareta Niskanen: first midwife to receive the honorary title of health
      counsellor].

PMID- 368415
TI  - [Profile: Yumiko Nakajima on the role of the nurse in dealing with the anxiety of
      patients in the ICU].

PMID- 368416
TI  - [Sister Dora--a guidepost to nursing. 11. The last flame].

PMID- 368417
TI  - [Profile: Yasuko Higuchi who returned home after 14-year absence, having obtained
      a doctorate in the United States of America].

PMID- 368418
TI  - [Sister Dora - a guidepost to nursing. 12. "Our Sister Dora"].

PMID- 368419
TI  - [Profile: B. W. Du Gas who lives in Canada and started practicing a consultant's
      business which is related to nursing and is rarely found in the world].

PMID- 368420
TI  - [Human milk--some recent aspects of breast feeding].
AB  - New data on the quality and quantity of protein and nor-protein nitrogen in human
      milk are discussed in the first part of this review. The second part presents a
      short review of current knowledge on immunologically important components of
      human milk (secretory IgA, Lactoferrin, ligands for folic acid and vitamine B-12.
      Lysozyme, cells, induction of breast milk flora in the intestine). There are very
      good reasons to enhance breast feeding also in developed countries.

PMID- 368421
TI  - A modified method for the preparation of antigens for the indirect florescent
      antibody technique with Japanese encephalitis virus.

PMID- 368422
TI  - [Blood coagulation and anticoagulation systems in immunogenesis and
      allotransplantation of organs].

PMID- 368423
TI  - [Methods of cosmetic sutures in thyroid gland surgery].

PMID- 368424
TI  - [Prominent Soviet surgeon Nikolai Petrovich Novachenko (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 368425
TI  - [Iu.K. Shimanovskii (on 150th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 368427
TI  - [Treatment of severe forms of aspergillosis-related pneumonia].

PMID- 368426
TI  - [Function of pancreatic insular apparatus in patients with duodenal ulcer
      following various methods of vagotomy].

PMID- 368428
TI  - [On the centenary of discovery of the role of microorganisms in the etiology of
      infectious diseases by Louis Pasteur].

PMID- 368429
TI  - The origin of glomerular crescents in experimental nephrotoxic serum nephritis in
      the rabbit.
AB  - The origin of glomerular crescents and diffuse hypercellularity was investigated
      in rabbits receiving a single intravenous injection of nephrotoxic serum.
      Experiments to demonstrate local glomerular proliferation included mitotic
      counting at intervals after nephrotoxic serum and autoradiography of kidneys 1
      hour after pulse-tritiated thymidine labeling. There was an increase in local
      endocapillary proliferation between days 4 and 6 when severe diffuse
      hypercellularity developed. From days 8 to 13 during crescent formation there was
      considerable local epithelial proliferation. To assess the role of infiltrating
      bone marrow cells a new technique of renal transplantation in rabbits was
      developed. Kidneys from unlabeled donors were transplanted on either day 4 or day
      9 into recipients prelabeled with tritiated thymidine, and labeled cells were
      sought in glomeruli of transplants 1 to 4 days later. Large numbers of labeled
      cells appeared on days 5 to 6 in areas of endocapillary hypercellularity in
      glomeruli of animals given transplants on day 4 indicating a significant influx
      of bone marrow cells. In contrast, in kidneys transplanted on day 9, few labeled
      cells were present in crescents on days 10 to 11. Autoradiographic labeling of
      mononuclear phagocytes in carrageenan granulomas and interstitial renal
      infiltrates in recipients were used as positive controls of bone marrow cell
      labeling. We conclude that in the early phase of diffuse hypercellularity there
      is considerable blood monocyte infiltration, whereas crescents which develop
      later are principally the result of glomerular epithelial cell proliferation.

PMID- 368430
TI  - Granular dense deposit disease.
AB  - During a retrospective study of dense deposit disease, we observed in three
      patients, unusual granular electron-dense deposits in the glomerular basement
      membrane in a laminar pattern. However, the distribution of these electron-dense
      deposits was similar to the distribution of the homogeneous, extremely electron
      dense deposits of dense deposit disease. By light microscopy a
      membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis was demonstrated in two patients. The
      other patient had multiple myeloma with glomerulopathy and intratubular protein
      casts with histiocytic giant cell reaction. By immunofluorescence microscopy the
      presence of granular deposits in the glomerular basement membrane and mesangium
      was revealed in only one patient, with anti-human IgM and complement (C3). By
      electron microscopy was demonstrated the thickening of the glomerular basement
      membrane by densely packed small granular aggregates of varying sizes, ranging
      from 100 to 800 A in diameter. Similar electron-dense deposits in a laminar
      pattern were present in the Bowman's capsule and renal tubular basement membrane
      of two patients. The specific nature of these small electron-dense deposits is
      unknown.

PMID- 368431
TI  - Distribution of heterologous antiperoxidase antibodies and their fragments in the
      superficial renal cortex of normal Wistar-Munich rat: an ultrastructural study.
AB  - The distribution of serum proteins in the superficial renal cortex of normal
      Wistar-Munich rats was studied using a new technique. Heterologous antiperoxidase
      antibodies (160,000 daltons), their F(ab')2(100,000 daltons), and Fab (50,000
      daltons) fragments were injected intravenously and then demonstrated by
      incubation with free peroxidase after in situ fixation. This technique offered
      several advantages including easy and uniform detection of the proteins, even in
      tubular cells, and a high degree of specificity and accuracy. Four findings
      emerged from this: (1) The glomerular filtration barrier was found to be complete
      for IgG and incomplete for (ab')2 and Fab fragments. (2) This barrier for IgG was
      localized in the lamina densa. (3) The filtered proteins were found to be
      reabsorbed and degraded in the proximal tubule. (4) The three proteins were
      diffusely detected in the interstitial tissue and in tubular intercellular spaces
      up to apical tight junctions.

PMID- 368432
TI  - Casein-induced murine amyloidosis: amyloidogenesis in vitro by monolayer spleen
      explants of casein-injected mice.

PMID- 368433
TI  - Immunohistologic demonstration of hepatitis B viral antigens in liver with
      reference to its significance in liver injury.
AB  - Indirect immunoperoxidase stainings for hepatitis B core and surface antigens
      (HBc&s Ag) were applied to formalin-fixed paraffin sections in 113 liver
      specimens from 56 patients. Many cytomorphologic staining characteristics of
      HBc&s Ag were illustrated, and the percentages of the cellular population
      positive for HBc&s Ag were estimated for all specimens in order to provide the
      basis for general analyses. The quantitative expressions and the topographic
      distribution of HBc&s Ag were assessed with respect to their significance and
      implication in histopathologic reactions. A definitive relationship or relevance
      was neither established nor completely excluded due to the size of samples.
      However, cytomorphologically the membranous expression of HBc&s Ag was shown
      often in association with acute lobular hepatitis and chronic active hepatitis.
      This observation supports the concept that the membranous expression may be the
      prerequisite for immune mediated hepatitic injury in viral hepatitis. In this
      study we also carried out indirect immunoferritin and immunoperoxidase electron
      microscopy for HBc&s Ag on formalin-fixed liver specimens. The results assured
      the validity of the light microscopic immunohistologic procedures. The
      immunoelectron microscopy confirmed the presence of core antigen in the Dane
      particles formation that takes place in the cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum.
      The significance of the cytoplasmic core antigen and the possible role of
      immunoelectron microscopy in the elucidation of mechanisms of hepatitic injury
      were discussed.

PMID- 368434
TI  - Comparison of the handling of ferritin and ferritin-protein conjugates by the
      glomerular mesangium: kinetic studies in the rat.
AB  - Kinetic studies on the uptake and elimination of ferritin and ferritin-protein
      conjugates in the rat glomerular mesangium are reported. Ferritin was prepared
      from horse spleens and conjugates were prepared using either human IgG or
      albumin. The degree of mesangial uptake was dose dependent and a competitive
      effect with the reticuloendothelial system was observed. Maximal mesangial
      fluorescence occurred at a lower dosage with conjugate than with native ferritin.
      In addition, conjugate persisted for months within the mesangium as compared to a
      matter of days in the case of ferritin alone. The disappearance of native
      ferritin from the mesangium paralleled that seen in the circulation. Conjugate,
      however, disappeared far more rapidly from the circulation than from the
      mesangium. At a point in time when the mesangium still contained conjugate but
      the blood was negative, rabbit antiserum to ferritin was injected and was
      observed to deposit in the mesangium. This demonstrated the accessibility of
      mesangially sequestered antigen to circulating antibody. This system provides a
      model for long term studies on the effect of immune reactions occurring in the
      mesangium.

PMID- 368435
TI  - Immunoperoxidase localization of albumin in hepatocytes of nephrotic rats with
      special reference to changes in the Golgi apparatus.

PMID- 368436
TI  - Glucocorticoid and antibiotic effects on hepatic microcirculation and associated
      host responses in lethal gram-negative bacteremia.
AB  - Liver changes and associated host responses were evaluated in four groups of male
      rats, weighing 300 +/- 20 gm., which received intravenous injection of 2.2 times
      10(9) live Escherichia coli. This bolus was given either without additional
      treatment (group A) or prior to the following regimens: intramuscular injection
      of gentamicin sulfate, 5 mg. per kg. (group B); intravenous injection of
      methylprednisolone sodium succinate, 40 mg. per kg. (group C); and intramuscular
      injection of gentamicin immediately after methylprednisolone sodium succinate
      treatment (group D). Rats given injections of saline or methylprednisolone sodium
      succinate served as controls. Survival rates at 10 and 20 hours were 25 per cent
      and 4 per cent for group A; 44 per cent and 28 per cent for group B; 94 per cent
      and 70 per cent for group C; 98 per cent and 98 per cent for group D,
      respectively. In rats of groups A and B, killed at 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours,
      progressive liver changes included intravascular sequestration of rapidly
      degranulating leukocytes, fibrinous deposits, and platelet aggregates in
      sinusoids as well as in spaces of Disse adjacent to subendothelial collagen, and
      extensive Kupffer cell disruption in association with severe midzonal necrosis.
      These alterations were accompanied by progressive hypoglycemia and elevations of
      serum enzymes, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glutamic
      oxaloacetic transaminase. Hematologic studies revealed that E. coli bacteremia
      results in rapid leukopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation primarily
      due to activation of the intrinsic coagulation pathway. All above reactions were
      delayed and markedly reduced in rats treated with methylprednisolone sodium
      succinate. The results indicate that antibiotic treatment of lethal, Gram
      negative bacteremia is effective only in conjunction with early steroid
      treatment. The protective effects of glucocorticoids on the liver
      microcirculation and polymorphonuclear leukocytes appear to play a basic role in
      preventing the early development of disseminated intravascular coagulation,
      hepatocellular necrosis, and associated major host responses, thereby attenuating
      lethality of gram-negative septic shock.

PMID- 368437
TI  - Selective neuronal, dendritic, and postsynaptic localization of viral antigen in
      measles-infected mice.
AB  - The pathology of acute disease produced by intracerebral inoculation of hamster
      neurotropic strain of measles virus was studied in adult BALB/c mice using
      immunolabeling techniques at a light and electron microscopic level. Brains of
      animals with acute disease showed an abundance of viral antigen but no
      inflammatory cells, giant cells, or inclusions. Infection was limited to neurons
      which were rarely necrotic, indicating that the process was not cytolytic.
      Mapping of infected neurons identified a consistent predilection to the
      rhinencephalon, other components of the limbic system, and the striatum.
      Ultrastructural examination revealed similar findings in all of the involved
      areas. No evidence of viral assembly at the cell membrane was found. Viral
      antigen was identified in neuronal perikaryon with somatofugal spread into
      dendritic and synaptic sites. Unlabeled smooth nucleocapsid and labeled tubular
      structures were detected both in the cytoplasm and nucleus of neurons. Dendritic
      labeling when present was occasionally associated with the neurotubules. The most
      remarkable and frequent finding was identification of viral antigen in
      postsynaptic endings. This consisted of clumps of viral antigen and occasional
      staining of the postsynaptic density. This localization of viral antigen may
      create dysfunction of synaptic transmission, and in the absence of overt
      pathology, may account for clinical disease.

PMID- 368438
TI  - The influence of therapeutic irradiation of blood and peripheral lymph
      lymphocytes.
AB  - This paper reviews the changes of blood and peripheral lymph lymphocytes induced
      by therapeutic irradiation as given for a variety of lymphoid and nonlymphoid
      neoplastic diseases. The irradiation brings about an abrupt reduction of the
      numbers of blood B and T lymphocytes. The number of lymphocytes seems to be
      restored within a few months after irradiation, while at least 3-5 years appear
      to pass before the number of blood T lymphocytes is restored. The pattern of
      recovery seems to be the same whether the thymus has been included in the fields
      of irradiation or not. In the adult organism, considerable differences apparently
      exist between the capacities for reproduction of B and T lymphocytes. The number
      of lymphocytes in peripheral lymph is also much reduced in the irradiated patient
      and remains so for a long period. This is compatible with the concept that
      migration from blood to peripheral lymph is a feature quite specific for T
      lymphocytes. These results are discussed in relation to the immune defense
      against infection and autologous tumor, and also in relation to the influence of
      radiotherapy on the immune defect in Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 368439
TI  - Psychoendocrinology.

PMID- 368440
TI  - Severe infection due to Streptococcus pneumoniae in asplenic renal transplant
      patients.
AB  - The medical records of 293 patients who underwent renal transplantation were
      analyzed for the occurrence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus
      influenzae infections in relation to splenectomy. Splenectomy was done in 236
      (81%) graft recipients before or concomitant with transplantation. Bacteremia
      developed in five and fulminant sepsis in two from 3 to 32 months after
      splenectomy. No serious infections with these organisms occurred in the
      nonsplenectomy group. These results suggest that asplenia may be an additional
      factor predisposing transplant patients to serious infection. Prevention of these
      serious pneumococcal infections may be possible with polyvalent pneumococcal
      vaccine.

PMID- 368441
TI  - Flaps used for nasal reconstruction: a perspective based on 180 cases.
AB  - Flap reconstruction of the nose is historically one of the earliest surgical
      operations. In spite of this long experience, little has been reported on the
      viability and durability of the various flaps and the time involved in the
      reconstruction, including the number of operative procedures required for total
      reconstruction of the nose. One hundred eighty patients were involved in this
      retrospective study dating from 1940. The midline forehead flap, used for partial
      nasal reconstruction, was specifically excluded from this study and will be
      reported separately later. The arm flap (Tagliacozzi), the total forehead flap,
      the sickle flap, and the acromiopectoral flap are reviewed in terms of the
      complications encountered, the total number of operations required, and the time
      involved in the complete reconstruction. The various nasal defects have been
      classified into five types, and the flaps usually used for reconstruction have
      been correlated with these defects. Eighty percent of the patients were treated
      because of a cutaneous malignancy of the nose. However, because these
      malignancies are currently being treated earlier and more efficiently, there is a
      significant decrease in present-day experience with this type of surgery.

PMID- 368442
TI  - Symposium on renal therapeutics. Foreword.

PMID- 368443
TI  - Symposium on renal therapeutics.

PMID- 368444
TI  - Evaluation and treatment of urinary infection.

PMID- 368445
TI  - Reflux nephropathy.
AB  - The whole subject of reflux nephropathy, which may affect 1 in every 300 of the
      white female population, and is the second most common disease of the kidney in
      the young, is still bedevilled by a lack of information regarding many of its
      important aspects, and the absence of any coordinated action to obtain it. What
      is required above all else is a means of its early detection in very young
      children, so that it may be prevented, at least in its more severe forms. Its
      financial cost can only be surmised, but the treatment of its end-stages is
      likely to be in the region of a hundred million dollars a year. The cost in
      wastage involving, as it does, young people, particularly females, is
      incalculable.

PMID- 368446
TI  - Disorders of acid-base balance.

PMID- 368447
TI  - Hyponatremic syndromes.

PMID- 368448
TI  - Drug therapy of hypertension.

PMID- 368449
TI  - Secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure. Pathophysiology and
      treatment.
AB  - The secondary hyperparathyroidism of chronic renal failure is a result of many
      factors which result in chronic stimulation of parathyroid hormone secretion and
      secondary hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands. The secretion and metabolism of
      parathyroid hormone and its fragments in chronic renal failure are complex and
      only partially understood. Constant elevated levels of PTH contribute to bone
      disease and other clinical features of chronic renal failure. Calcium
      supplementation, high calcium dialysis, control of plasma phosphate and judicious
      use of the vitamin D metabolites can, to a large extent, prevent or control the
      development of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Subtotal parathyroidectomy or total
      parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation is indicated in certain cases,
      sometimes on an emergency basis. Prevention of postoperative hypocalcemia
      requires careful management. Successful renal transplantation is usually
      associated with gradual healing of the bone disease and slow, but sometimes
      incomplete involution of the parathyroid hyperplasia.

PMID- 368450
TI  - Endocrine abnormalities associated with chronic renal failure.
AB  - It is evident that chronic renal failure has far-reaching metabolic consequences
      because endocrine aberrations are common. Uremia may alter endocrine function
      through its effect on the hypothalamopituitary axis, the individual end organs,
      and the peripheral metabolism of various hormones. Deficiency of some hormones
      and excess of others coexist in patients with renal failure. Since the
      physiologic effects of many of these abnormalities are still not well defined, no
      treatment is necessary with the exception of true deficiency states such as
      testosterone deficiency. In the latter instance, exogenous hormonal
      supplementation is recommended.

PMID- 368451
TI  - Hematologic complications of chronic renal failure.
AB  - Uremia interferes with erythropoiesis, granulocyte, platelet, and immune
      functions. As a result, uremic patients are almost invariably anemic, and have a
      high incidence of infections and hemorrhagic complications. The anemia of renal
      failure, which is caused primarily by damage to the site of erythropoietin
      production is often complex, and complicated by hemolysis from a variety of
      mechanisms, iron deficiency, and so forth. Although hemodialysis ameliorates some
      of the hematologic complications to a variable degree, they remain a serious
      hinderance to the well being of this group of patients. Progress in understanding
      the mechanism of these problems and their therapy has been reviewed here.

PMID- 368452
TI  - Selection, preparation, and management of kidney transplant recipients.

PMID- 368453
TI  - [Benign circinated pityriasic erythema in children].
AB  - The case is report of a boy aged 6 months whose dermatosis had set in suddenly 15
      days before in the form of large round circinate patches on the face, thorax,
      abdomen, dorsum and extremities. These patches were limited by a slightly
      elevated erythematous border, the inside of which was constituted by collarette
      like epidermal desquamations with central parakerotosis. The patches impairment
      was observed in the child's general condition. A histopathological study was
      carried out.

PMID- 368454
TI  - [Contact dermatitis caused by ethylene oxide].
AB  - A case of contract sensitization to the ethylene oxide by a mask sterilized with
      this substance is reported. The mask was correctly sterilized but the ethylene
      oxide was not completely evaporised. The path tests were positive in the patient
      but negative in 25 control subjects. The patch tests with the international
      series and with all the elements of the mask were negative. The possible troubles
      of ethylene oxide and the sterylisation methodes of this substance are reviewed.

PMID- 368456
TI  - [Pemphigus with eosinophilic spongiosis].
AB  - A bibliographic review of a new subject-pemphigus with eosinophilic spongiosis
      accomplished: Three clinical courses are recognized: a) pemphigus in its initial
      phase, b) pemphigus markedly seborrheic, which presents during its evolution,
      some morphologic anomalies, c) pemphigus that appear like an authentic Duhring in
      its initial phase and during part of its evolution. On studying the
      histopathology three aspects are observed; 1) pure eosinophilic spongiosis with
      two modalites: diffuse or vesiculate; 2) mixed eosinophilic spongiosis and, 3)
      alternate eosinophilic spongiosis. The review report the study of this new
      observation and discusses the nosological situation as well as its pausible
      causation.

PMID- 368455
TI  - [Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (Ofuji syndrome)].
AB  - The first observation in Occident of "eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (Ofuji)"
      is reported. The condition is characterized by pruritic follicular sterile
      papulopustules on indurated erythematous plaque in the face. They extended
      centrifugally and the plaque proceeds with remission and exacerbations with
      leukocytosis and numerous eosinophils. Histological features are pustular
      folliculitis from the ostium to the sebaceous gland, chiefly composed of
      polymorphs and many eosinophiles. The treatment are corticosteroids by long-term.
      It is the first case studied by electron microscopy.

PMID- 368457
TI  - [Multiple eccrine spiradenomas. Apropos of 2 cases in 2 sisters].
AB  - Two cases of multiple eccrine spiradenoma were studied, representing respectively
      up to the present time the 7th and 8th registered cases in the world literature.
      These cases two are siblings, a fact that had never been observed before. The
      histogenesis of the tumour has been the subject of controversy. The presence of
      multiple lesions in each patient and the incidence in siblings are two important
      points in favour of the naevic character of eccrine spiradenoma. Among other
      therapeutic measures we wish to draw attention to the excellent result we
      obtained with small doses of radiotherapy (1,500 rads divided in ten
      applications). It should be kept in mind that remission of the disease may only
      be temporary.

PMID- 368458
TI  - [Macular amyloidosis].
AB  - Fifty-five patients with presumptive macular amyloidosis were investigated for
      the presence of amyloid in dermal tissue. In twenty-six of these patients the
      diagnosis could be confirmed by the demonstration of amyloid deposits by optical
      and/or electron microscopy. In this paper attention is called to the frequency of
      oligosymptomatic forms of macular amyloidosis, which are often overlooked in
      spite of the usual existence of itching. These inconspicuous forms are termed
      "minor macular amyloidosis", and they consist of tenuous brown macules on the
      upper back, irregularly interspersed with the normal skin and with speckles of
      whitish discoloration. The diagnosis must be verified by the finding of dermal
      deposits of amyloid. For that purpose the electron microscopy is a much more
      reliable procedure than conventional methods or thioflavine T.

PMID- 368459
TI  - [Therapy with transfer factor in a case of recidivating herpes with polymorphous
      erythema].
AB  - A young woman had recidivating herpes with erythema multiforme for several years.
      When conventional therapy failed to correct this condition she was treated with
      Transfer Factor (TF). Immunologic anomalies which had been registered previously
      became normal after the first application of TF. The skin lesions disappeared
      after the fourth dose. Six months later a new skin manifestation with immunologic
      alterations became apparent. They disappeared after two doses of TF. A year and a
      half later the patient has no lesions and the immunologic parameters, which were
      monitored throughout this period, are normal.

PMID- 368460
TI  - [Prognosis and current treatment of dermatomyositis].
AB  - The present revision has been carried out in order to final out to what extent
      corticosteroids have improved the vital and functional prognosis of
      dermatomyositis. Over the sixties and in the early seventies, statistical tables
      have not shown any substantial differences compared with those of the pre-steroid
      era. It has been observed since 1973 that early treatment with high doses (1-2 mg
      of prednisone per kg per day) clearly improves the vital prognosis of infantile
      dermatomyositis, but not the functional one. In adults, there is less experience
      and the problem always exists of a possible underlying neoplasm. In cases with
      resistance to corticosteroids, the association of immunosuppressors, particulary
      methotrexate, has begun to be tested. There is no proved effective treatment of
      calcinosis which results in functional recovery.

PMID- 368461
TI  - [Immunotherapy of warts. Is it an experimental model for cancer immunotherapy?].
AB  - The warts produced by virus Papova, provedly cancerous, have immunological
      characteristics that allow to establish some analogies with cancer. Its
      immunotherapy is studied with levamisole and by means of a delayed immunity
      reaction "in situ" with regulated intensity. The level of delayed immunity in the
      patient with warts is established by quantitative DNCB test, finding that the
      same is impaired in 60% of men and 87% of women. The levamisol therapy cures 54%
      of warts. The patients that not cure but improve their delayed immunity level
      after the treatment with levamisol, are submitted to external application of
      DNCB, using a concentration calculated on the quantitative test results. With
      regard to their delayed immunity we introduce a new group of patients: the
      hiperergic type or reactive to 2,5 microgram of DNCB that cures their warts by
      the sole action of the test. Once obtained the curve of the distribution of
      delayed immunity values in the warts population before and after the levamisole
      therapy, we observe that the first is identical to that of cancer patients. In
      view of the tight relation among diseases with impaired delayed immunity, such as
      warts, herpes, aphtas, piodermitis and cancer (residual or postsurgical), we
      propose the same management, control and immunotherapy for all of them.

PMID- 368462
TI  - [Immunology of bullous diseases-II. Cicatricial pemphigoid. Herpes gestationis
      and dermatitis herpetiformis].
AB  - The immunological aspects of cicatricial pemphigoid, herpes gestationis and
      dermatitis herpetiformis are reviewed in this article. The immunofluorescence
      findings in these diseases are emphasised. The possible implication of the
      complement system in the pathogonesis of these bullous diseases, as well as the
      present knowledge about the sequence of actuation of the alternate pathway
      components are discussed.

PMID- 368463
TI  - [Lipid composition of cutaneous lesions in different types of xanthomatosis].
AB  - Twenty one specimens of cutaneous xanthomas from different types of
      hyperlipoproteinaemic and normolipidemic xanthomatosis were obtained and analyzed
      by thin layer chromatography. After separation and development, the areas were
      determinated by densitometry, and the results are given in percentages for each
      development. Acording to the results, the following data are of interest: --
      Recents xanthomas have greater amount of lipids. -- Cholesterol esters (EC) are
      prevalent in xanthomas and in normal skin the triglycerides fraction. --
      Monoenoic esters (EM) are prevalent on EC chromatography, like in normal skin. --
      Finally, there are not significant variations between lipid composition of
      xanthomas in the different Xanthomatosis.

PMID- 368464
TI  - [Treatment of psoriasis with a derivative of retinoic acid by oral route].
AB  - In the study presented, an evaluation has been made of the results achieved in a
      group of 32 psoriatic patients treated with a derivative of the retinoid acid,
      i.e. Ro 10-9359, taken orally. The therapy used was considered highly favourable
      in 28 cases and favourable in 3. It is considered that the treatment is effective
      independently of the time of evolution and of the extension of seriousness of the
      disease with no effects on the visceral or humoral sectors. All the information
      included in the present study allows to assert that the treatment of psoriasis
      with this derivative of the retinoid acid represents a significant progress as
      compared with the corticoids or cythostatics therapy.

PMID- 368465
TI  - [Alcoholism and skin].
AB  - In this study we are reviewing the pathology of alcohol and commenting on those
      dermatological processes most closely related to chronic alcoholism. We adopted
      the definition of alcoholism as outlined by the WHO (World Health Organization).
      Also, a general brief description of the woelwide history of alcoholism was
      included, focusing specially on Argentina with its corresponding legislative
      study and statistics.

PMID- 368466
TI  - The development of the virus concept as reflected in corpora of studies on
      individual pathogens. 5. Smallpox and the evolution of ideas on acute (viral)
      infections.

PMID- 368467
TI  - Mania Sakhalinosa: an episode in the life of Dr. Anton Chekhov.

PMID- 368468
TI  - Yellow fever in the 1790s: the British army in occupied Saint Domingue.

PMID- 368469
TI  - Physiological apparatus in the wellcome Museum 2. The dudgeon sphygmograph and
      its descendants.

PMID- 368470
TI  - [A new method of endonasal postoperative care (author's transl)].
AB  - Aerosol therapy was tested in 27 patients postoperatively instead of nasal
      packing. The advantage of early ventilation and drainage prevents secondary
      infections. The constant decongestion embolishes band-formation.

PMID- 368471
TI  - [Prof. Heribert Thaler on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 368473
TI  - Medicare litigation.

PMID- 368472
TI  - [Cholestasis after renal transplantation and immune-suppressive therapy (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A 39 year old female patient developed jaundice 16 months after having received a
      renal transplant. Intrahepatic cholestasis was diagnosed on the basis of serum
      enzyme concentration patterns and of histology of a liver biopsy specimen; it was
      thought to be due to immune-suppressive therapy. Azathioprine was stopped and the
      hepatic situation normalized within 5 months. HBs-infection was present at the
      same time, so it is being discussed, if this condition may have influenced the
      development of intrahepatic cholestasis as well. It has to concluded from this
      case report, that liver function of patients with renal transplants receiving
      azathioprine has to be controlled regularly. Stopping azathioprine may induce
      normalization of even severely damaged liver function without influencing the
      function of the renal transplant.

PMID- 368474
TI  - The nasal excretion of leprosy bacilli.

PMID- 368475
TI  - A day in the life Yeeranna--a cautionary tale.

PMID- 368476
TI  - Evaluation of the activity of streptomycin on Mycobacterium leprae in mice.

PMID- 368477
TI  - The Clayton memorial lecture, 1978: "Is immunoprophylaxis in leprosy feasible?".

PMID- 368478
TI  - [The mechanism of the in vitro migration inhibition test (author's transl)].

PMID- 368479
TI  - [Dr. Lujo Thaller and the beginning of teaching medical history at the medical
      school of Zagreb University].

PMID- 368480
TI  - [Teaching medical history to dental students at the University of Zagreb].

PMID- 368481
TI  - [Teaching pharmacy history at the pharmacy school in Zagreb].

PMID- 368482
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Ante Merdzo. 1897-1977].

PMID- 368483
TI  - The current excitement about gene controls of nucleolar rDNA.

PMID- 368484
TI  - Effects of prostacyclin and 6-keto PGF1alpha on electrically induced convulsions
      in mice.

PMID- 368485
TI  - Insulin receptors and the site of action of insulin.

PMID- 368486
TI  - Cellular properties of the coenzyme A-synthesizing protein complex of bakers'
      yeast.

PMID- 368487
TI  - The crystalline nature of histology waxes: a preliminary communication.

PMID- 368488
TI  - Safer substitutes for xylene and propylene oxide in histology, haematology, and
      electron microscopy.

PMID- 368489
TI  - A simple method for the multiple tissue culture assay of Chlamydia trachomatis.

PMID- 368490
TI  - The measurement of the microscopic image.

PMID- 368491
TI  - Reactions of anti-B lectins with erythrocytes sensitized with lipopolysaccharide
      from Escherichia coli O86.

PMID- 368492
TI  - Sample preparation of cytological cell suspensions for electron microscopy: a
      routine method.

PMID- 368493
TI  - James Herrick's original description of coronary thrombosis.

PMID- 368494
TI  - [Mathematical bases for automated automated equipment for mass medical screening
      and diagnosis].
AB  - Mathematical methods and the programmes for the computer choice of informative
      diagnostic signs and constructing resolving rules to formulate groups of risk for
      certain affections in automating large-scale medical examinations are described.
      The use of a method for linear discriminant functions is shown. The applicability
      of the programme on examples of early identification of mammary cancer and
      rheumatic affections is demonstrated.

PMID- 368495
TI  - [A new synthetic estrone derivative for the treatment of climacteric disorders].

PMID- 368496
TI  - [Treatment of hypertension with a beta receptor blocker in a sanatorium].

PMID- 368497
TI  - [Immunologic competence in cancer patients. I. Evaluation with skin tests].

PMID- 368498
TI  - [Annotations on the law on organ transplants. Preservation of the cadaveric
      kidney].

PMID- 368499
TI  - [Adrenocortical function during discontinuous administration of triamcinolone].

PMID- 368500
TI  - [Changes in cell-mediated immunity in primary glomerulopathies].

PMID- 368501
TI  - [Indirect immunoperoxidase reaction applied to human leprosy].

PMID- 368502
TI  - [Role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 368503
TI  - [The University of Chile: past and present].

PMID- 368504
TI  - [The tragicomedy of scientific medicine].

PMID- 368505
TI  - [The word hyperthyroidism].

PMID- 368506
TI  - [Comparison of 2 antigens for indirect immunofluorescence in toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 368507
TI  - Infectious complications of human bone marrow transplantation.
AB  - Infections are an almost inevitable complication of human bone marrow
      transplantation and account for the majority of deaths in transplant recipients.
      Even prior to the initiation of the transplantation procedure, patients may
      present with infections complicating previously unsuccessful chemotherapy for
      hematological malignancy or aplastic anemia. Nevertheless, these pre
      transplantation infections should not exclude the possibility of bone marrow
      transplantation if they can be successfully controlled with specific
      antimicrobial therapy and necessary adjunctive measures. The immediate post
      transplantation period prior to engraftment is characterized by severe marrow
      aplasia that results from high-dose chemotherapy and total-body irradiation.
      Infections are primarily septicemias and localized processes caused by bacteria
      and fungi and their incidence increases as the intensity of immunosuppression is
      escalated. The high mortality associated with bacterial septicemia makes early,
      empirical antibacterial therapy mandatory. However, the reduction in mortality
      from bacterial infection resulting from such an aggressive approach may be offset
      by a higher mortality from invasive fungal infection, especially in patients with
      prior fungal colonization and undergoing prolonged conditioning therapy. Thus,
      until more specific and sensitive tests for the diagnosis of invasive fungal
      infection become available, empirical intravenous amphotericin should be
      considered in patients who are persistently febrile and deteriorate clinically in
      the face of appropriate antibacterial therapy. Interstitial pneumonia associated
      with severe GVHD is the major infectious complication after successful marrow
      engraftment and is the most significant barrier to long-term survival.
      Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is effective prophylaxis against interstitial
      pneumonia due to Pneumocystis carinii, but one half of the patients still develop
      a pneumonitis either associated with CMV or of unknown etiology. Mortality from
      interstitial pneumonia is related to prior radiation therapy while survival is
      associated with a four-fold rise in CMV CF antibody titer. The latter observation
      supports the need to investigate passive immunization with CMV antibody as a
      means of preventing some interstitial pneumonias. Despite the progress made in
      many areas of human bone marrow transplantation, the majority of graft recipients
      still die of infectious complications. Thus, new approaches to the management of
      infections in transplant recipients are urgently needed. Better-tolerated oral
      nonabsorbable antibiotics, laminar-air-flow rooms, granulocyte transfusions, and
      chemotherapy and immunotherapy for CMV are among the prophylactic and therapeutic
      measures that must be critically evaluated in well-controlled, prospective
      studies. Continued assessment of the infectious complications of bone marrow
      transplantation is a critical aspect of any ongoing transplant program, not just
      a research goal...

PMID- 368508
TI  - The clinical features of hepatic angiosarcoma: a report of four cases and a
      review of the English literature.
AB  - Four cases of hepatic angiosarcoma are reported with a review of 99 other cases
      in the English literature. Angiosarcoma of the liver is associated with chronic
      exposure to thorotrast, vinyl chloride, arsenicals, radium and possibly copper
      and with chronic idiopathic hemochromatosis. Although 40% of patients have
      hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis at autopsy, the nature of the association between
      chronic liver disease and hepatic angiosarcoma is unknown. The clinical
      presentation of hepatic angiosarcoma is nonspecific with abdominal pain, weakness
      and weight loss common complaints and with hepatomegaly, ascites and jaundice
      common findings. Liver function tests are usually abnormal but there is no one
      liver function test or set of tests specific for the tumor. The occurrence of
      thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation is characteristic of
      hepatic angiosarcoma and may be related to local consumption of clotting factors
      and formed blood elements in the tumor. Catastrophic intraabdominal bleeding is
      also characteristic and occurs in one-fourth of all cases. This complication is
      likely related to the high incidence of clotting abnormalities and the vascular
      nature of the neoplasm. Selective hepatic arteriogram and open liver biopsy are
      the foundations of diagnostic evaluation. Percutaneous liver biopsy should be
      avoided. Failure to appreciate the possibility of hepatic angiosarcoma in the
      proper clinical setting, leading to blind percutaneous biopsy, may result in
      failure to make the diagnosis at the cost of significant morbidity and mortality.
      Survival of patients with hepatic angiosarcoma is brief; only 3% live longer than
      2 years. Treatment of the tumor to date is empirical. There are probably a few
      patients who might benefit from radical surgery with curative intent. For all
      others chemotherapy is indicated. Adriamycin is active against hepatic
      angiosarcoma, but optimal dose and mode of administration require further
      investigation. Further study is also required to delineate the cause of hepatic
      angiosarcoma in the 60% of cases without definite epidemiologic association.

PMID- 368509
TI  - Syngeneic transplantation of the fetal rat pancreas IV. Dissociated versus whole
      organ implantation.
AB  - Reversal of insulinopenia, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, and polyuria associated
      with severe alloxan diabetes in the rat was accomplished by syngeneic
      transplantation of whole late-gestation fetal rat pancreata. Intravenous glucose
      tolerance test (GTT) revealed an improved yet still abnormal glucose and insulin
      response in reversed recipients reconstituted with as few as two pancreata from
      fetal donors. Eight fetal donors were sufficient to return glucose and insulin
      response following GTT to normal. Seventy to eighty percent fewer donors were
      required when the pancreata were transplanted in their entirely as opposed to
      transplantation of pancreata subjected to prior enzymatic and mechanical
      dissociation. The facility and simplicity of the whole fetal pancreas
      implantation technique makes it an appealing model for further study of islet
      growth and differentiation at the transplant site and of its effect on the
      metabolic state of the recipient.

PMID- 368510
TI  - The cytoskeleton and cell division.

PMID- 368511
TI  - The unpolymerised form of actin in non-muscle cells.
AB  - Several lines of evidence point to the existence of unpolymerised actin in non
      muscle cells. Ultrastructural examination reveals both a variety of actin
      filament bundles and actin in a controversial organisational state. Arguments are
      cited that this material, which at least in part is found close to the plasma
      membrane, represents unpolymerised actin rather than a random array of single
      actin filaments. The rearrangement of actin filament bundles during the cell
      cycle, and in response to experimental manipulation, suggests a turnover of
      filaments by a polymerisation-depolymerisation cycle. Extracts made from non
      muscle cells under conditions where muscle actin would polymerise still contain
      appreciable fractions of monomeric actin. Studies on purified polymerisation
      resistant actin from a variety of sources reveal the presence of a small protein
      which binds specifically to actin and prevents polymerisation. In the last
      section of the article, we expand the idea that this auxiliary protein is a
      central control element in the regulated exchange between non-polymerised and
      polymerised actin in vivo.

PMID- 368512
TI  - The cytoskeleton and cytomusculature in embryogenesis--an overview.
AB  - The role of microfilaments and microtubules comprising the cytoskeleton and
      cytomusculature in embryonic development is discussed. The cytomusculature, as
      microfilaments, is evident in both the unfertilized and fertilized egg and
      probably plays a role in sperm incorporation, cortical contractions, and
      cytokinesis. The cytoskeleton, in the form of microtubules, appears after
      fertilization in the form of the sperm aster and the mitotic apparatus. The
      cytoskeleton and cytomusculature play a decisive role in shape changes of
      individual cells responsible for gastrulation, neurulation, and morphogenesis of
      other epithelial sheets. Several developmental defects, such as spina bifida, may
      be related to malfunctioning of the cytoskeleton or cytomusculature. The putative
      role of microfilaments and microtubules in cell shape changes during
      embryogenesis can best be, at least initially, inferred from careful
      ultrastructural observations.

PMID- 368513
TI  - The cytoskeleton and plasma membrane.
AB  - The major cytoskeletal elements (microfilaments, microtubules, and 10-nm
      filaments) are frequently found attached to or near the plasma membrane in arrays
      which can sometimes be shown experimentally to be related to cell form and
      movement. Ultrastructural investigations show that attachment is direct, by
      amorphous electron-dense material, by cell-cell junctions, or by cell-substrate
      attachment sites, but the chemistry of attachment is poorly understood. The
      structural and functional polarity of the attached elements has been defined for
      some microfilaments attached to plasma membrane, but this important parameter has
      been investigated only slightly for microtubules and not at all for 10-nm
      filaments attached to membranes. Assemblies of cytoskeletal elements and plasma
      membrane evidently are structurally stable enough to be observable by electron
      microscopy and to survive isolation by the usual biochemical techniques, but
      observations of living cells show that many assemblies of cytoskeleton and plasma
      membrane undergo rearrangement and interconversion. The biochemical basis and
      physiological meaning of many of these changes are poorly understood.

PMID- 368514
TI  - The role of the cytoskeleton in pancreatic B-cell function.
AB  - The ultrastructural organization of B-cell microtubular-microfilamentous system,
      its alteration by several pharmacological agents and the concomitant changes in
      the dynamics of insulin release, the biochemical characterization of islet
      tubulin and actin, the involvement of microtubules in the process of proinsulin
      biosynthesis and conversion, the analysis of motile events in endocrine
      pancreatic cells, the possible participation of microtubular-microfilamentous
      structures in cell surface organization of the B-cell, and the anomaly of the
      microtubular apparatus in certain pathological conditions are reviewed. The
      experimental data support the view that microtubules and microfilaments play an
      essential role in the process of insulin synthesis and release, as well as in the
      mechanism of glucagon secretion.

PMID- 368515
TI  - The role of cytoskeleton in adreno-medullary secretion.
AB  - Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla contain prominent arrays of microtubules
      and microfilaments. One population of microtubules radiates from the cytocentrum
      and permeates the areas of the cytoplasm containing chromaffin granules; the
      other population of microtubules forms a subplasmalemmal network together with
      actin-like microfilaments. Hence, the cytoskeletal elements in chromaffin cells
      are strategically located to participate in the mobility of chromaffin granules
      to the cell surface and to regulate access of the granules to the plasma membrane
      during exocytosis. Agents which effect the integrity of the cytoskeleton clearly
      affect the secretory process in a manner which indicates that the microtubules
      and microfilaments play an active role in the release process.

PMID- 368516
TI  - Distribution and function of cytoskeletal proteins in lung cells with particular
      reference to 'contractile interstitial cells'.
AB  - Cytoskeletal proteins are demonstrated in the interstitial cells of the lungs.
      These proteins appear in the cytoplasm as bundles of microfilaments, the
      individual filaments measuring 40--80 A in diameter. The presence of actin and
      myosin in these cells is demonstrated by immunofluorescence. Antiactin antibodies
      (AAA) obtained from patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis, as well as AAA
      and antimyosin antibodies prepared in the rabbit, are used. The major difference
      between the cytoskeletal proteins of interstitial cells and other cells of the
      alveolar tissue (type II epithelium, pericytes, and near the junctional complexes
      of endothelial cells) is that the microfilaments within the interstitial cells
      are organized into bundles forming tiny intracytoplasmic 'muscles'. Furthermore,
      they appear to be much more abundant and seem to anchor the cell on the alveolar
      basement membrane by hemidesmosome-like structures. These peculiar cytological
      features provide these cells with an important functional capacity. Being located
      in the 'pillars' which cross the capillary space, the contraction of interstitial
      cells may modify the alveolocapillary configuration in some circumstances. The
      physiological importance of such an 'active' alveolar motility is to provide the
      lung with a mechanism of autoregulation of the ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) ratio
      at alveolar level.

PMID- 368517
TI  - The cytoskeleton in cultured cells: coordinate in vitro regulation of cell growth
      and shape.
AB  - Adenopolyposis of the colon and rectum (ACR) links the well-characterized
      phenomena of murine oncogenic virus transformation with the progression of a
      human cancer. The same syndrome links defects in fibroblast growth control and
      cytoskeletal organization to a tumor of epithelial origin. Since skin fibroblasts
      are involved in this colonic tumor, the syndrome is very likely to be systemic.
      That is, one element of normal growth regulation of epithelial cells in situ may
      be provided by the fibroblasts residing beneath their basement membrane. These
      observations have led to a novel approach to early detection of persons at risk
      for a tumor, via the behavior of their skin fibroblasts in culture. At present,
      it is rarely possible to detect persons at risk for malignancy before the
      appearance of a frank invasive or metastatic growth. Although many biochemical
      assays have been proposed as indicators of pre-malignant states or cryptic early
      tumors, most have eventually been shown to be related to age, sex drug treatment,
      or other variables linked to but not clearly indicative of, a malignancy. Two
      serious problems limiting attempts to detect preneoplastic states or a
      disposition to eventual neoplasia are the inherent low frequency of incidence of
      any single type of tumor and the difficulty of obtaining identical sample
      material from prospective or actual patients once they are located. Our approach
      to these problems significantly departs from the common dependence upon isolation
      of cells from the site of a tumor. Clearly, it is an easier task to scan skin
      fibroblasts for disrupted cytoskeletal patterns than it is to obtain epithelia
      cells from most tissues at high risk for malignancy. This line of work,
      buttressed by information derived from the model system of SV40 transformation,
      may provide a novel mode of early detection of other human malignancies, as it
      has for ACR.

PMID- 368518
TI  - The cytoskeleton in cancer cells in animals and humans.
AB  - Immunofluorescent staining of human cancer cells with antibodies against actin
      and myosin shows an important increase of brightness when compared with staining
      of normal cells from control tissues. Electron microscopic examination of cancer
      cells shows accumulation of cytoplasmic microfilaments (40--80 A in diameter)
      with some larger filaments (100--120 A in diameter) scattered in between compared
      to normal cells from control tissues. Such filaments are particularly abundant at
      the cell periphery. These findings indicate that the cytoplasmic contractile
      apparatus of cancer cells is more developed than that of normal cells. Such
      development may at least in part explain the invasive activity of malignant
      cells.

PMID- 368519
TI  - Contractile proteins as autoantigens.
AB  - Smooth muscle antoantibodies are found in high titre in some patients with
      chronic active hepatitis, and in lower titres in a number of other liver diseases
      and certain viral infections. They are directed at contractile proteins of the
      actomyosin group, and anti-actin activity appears to predominate. Whether
      occurring in disease affecting the liver or in other conditions, smooth muscle
      antibody production is thought to be stimulated when contractile proteins of non
      muscle cells become immunogenic as a result of changes induced in the cells by
      viral infection or by other unknown causes of derangement of cytoskeletal
      structure.

PMID- 368520
TI  - The contractile system of blood platelets and its function.
AB  - The various manifestations of platelet activation are derived from a
      reorganization of components of the contractile and microtubular systems. The
      controversial initial stages of excitation-contraction coupling in platelets lead
      to the release of calcium from the dense tubular system, the morphological
      counterpart of the muscle sarcotubular closed vesicles. Calcium triggers the
      actin-myosin interaction and the developing force, possibly together with a local
      increase of the cation concentration, may cause the collapse of the microtubular
      ring and its reappearance in the forming long pseudopodia. Actin-myosin
      interaction is modulated by several factors among which tropomyosin-troponin,
      responsible for the calcium-sensitivity of contractile processes, and
      phosphorylation of one of the myosin light chains. Platelet actin is anchored to
      the membrane and its sliding towards the short myosin filaments may form the
      basis for platelet shape change. Platelet alpha-actinin and actin-binding protein
      are able to aggregate actin into an impressive gel. Therefore, the contractile
      proteins seem to have a double role in controlling the consistency of the
      cytoplasmic gel on the one hand, and the contractile manifestations related to
      motility on the other hand. One of the most important features of the
      'contracted' platelet is the rigidity of the pseudopodia brought about by the
      'gelification' of actin filaments and the presence of microtubules. A new model
      for clot contraction is proposed, based on the rigidity of the long spiky
      pseudopodia and on the motile properties of platelets. While migrating towards
      each other, the interlocking pseudopodia from different platelets adhere to the
      polymerizing fibrin, compressing the fibrin nets in their pathway. Since the
      anchoring of contractile fibers to membranes is crucial for the platelet
      contractile manifestations, the integrity of the membrane structure should be
      considered in the study of pathological aspects of platelet function.

PMID- 368521
TI  - Local control of venous function.

PMID- 368522
TI  - Blind nasotracheal intubation: the lost art.

PMID- 368523
TI  - Laughing gas anaesthesia for dental extraction by Dr. George Arbili--(Al-Tabib,
      Vol. 18, p. 106-109 and 137-139, 1906).

PMID- 368524
TI  - Rep. Joyce Symons hard worker as chairman of health subcommittee.

PMID- 368525
TI  - Pontiac honors its Doctor Furlong.

PMID- 368526
TI  - Sporulation and C2 toxin production by Clostridium botulinum type C strains
      producing no C1 toxin.
AB  - All of the 8 strains that were previously assumed to be nontoxigenic Clostridium
      botulinum type C were re-examined for their toxigenicity and were demonstrated by
      trypsinization of the culture filtrates to produce C2 toxin under improved
      cultural conditions. One per cent glucose added to trypticase peptone medium
      enhanced C2 toxin production. The larger the spore population, the higher the C2
      toxicity and when spore population was smaller than a level of 10(4)/ml, no C2
      toxicity was demonstrated. The C2 toxin was produced only during sporulation and
      not during vegetative growth.

PMID- 368527
TI  - Microbial adjuvant and autoimmunity. III. Histological studies of development of
      experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice immunized with syngeneic thyroid
      extract together with the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PMID- 368528
TI  - Isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersina pseudotuberculosis from
      apparently healthy dogs and cats.

PMID- 368529
TI  - Professor Dame Sheila Sherlock.

PMID- 368531
TI  - Arthur William Morrow.

PMID- 368530
TI  - Recollections of medicine at the Austin Hospital: Heidelberg in the 1920s.

PMID- 368532
TI  - Kenneth Charles Trineman Rawle.

PMID- 368534
TI  - Chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria.

PMID- 368533
TI  - Treatment of duodenal ulcer with carbenoxolone sodium: a double-masked endoscopic
      trial.
AB  - In a double-masked trial, 43 patients with an endoscopically confirmed,
      symptomatic duodenal ulcer were allocated at random to treatment with either
      carbenoxolone sodium or placebo, both provided in identical "positioned-release"
      capsules. The 40 patients who satisfactorily completed the trial were evenly
      distributed between the two treatment groups. The groups were well matched with
      regard to clinical features and initial ulcer size. Endoscopic review of ulcer
      healing after six weeks' treatment showed that 12 patients (60%) receiving
      carbenoxolone had healed ulcers, compared with five (25%) receiving placebo (P =
      0.05). Symptomatic remission occurred by the fourth week in 17 patients (85%)
      receiving carbenoxolone, compared with six (30%) receiving placebo (P less than
      0.001). The mean (geometric) serum carbenoxolone level in patients with healed
      ulcers was 31.11 microgram/mL compared with 17.75 microgram/mL in those with
      unhealed ulcers (P less than 0.005). Side effects of carbenoxolone therapy were
      observed, but they did not necessitate withdrawal of the drug and were readily
      controlled in every instance. These results confirm the therapeutic efficacy of
      carbenoxolone sodium in duodenal ulcer. In addition, a relationship between serum
      carbenoxolone levels and the occurrence of ulcer healing was observed.

PMID- 368535
TI  - A comparative study of indomethacin and ibuprofen.
AB  - In a double blind trial with 20 patients ibuprofen 1600 mg daily and indomethacin
      100 mg daily were shown to be of comparable efficacy in the short-term treatment
      of rheumatoid arthritis. Reported side effects were similar, but a slightly
      greater incidence of gastric irritation was noted with indomethacin necessitating
      withdrawal of one patient from the trial. The serum concentrations for
      indomethacin and ibuprofen were determined for four hours after the last dose.
      Peak concentrations of both drugs occurred within two hours. Five of the seven
      patients considered to have comparable serum concentrations of both drugs
      demonstrated a preference for indomethacin.

PMID- 368536
TI  - Development of new medicines: historical aspects, present problems and future
      needs.

PMID- 368537
TI  - Obituary.

PMID- 368538
TI  - Studies with prazosin--a new effective hypotensive agent. III. An acute double
      blind cross-over study comparing the effects of single doses of prazosin and
      hydrallazine in combination with propranolol and a diuretic.
AB  - The duration of action of a single dose of prazosin and hydrallazine on blood
      pressure and heart rate was studied in 16 hypertensive patients whose blood
      pressure was not adequately controlled by a combination of a thiazide diuretic
      and a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, and had required the addition of either
      prazosin or hydrallazine. Observations over an eight-hour period, after a single
      dose of either 3 mg of prazosin, or 75 mg of hydrallazine, in identical capsules,
      with cross-over study one week later, showed significant reductions in blood
      pressure within the first hour after oral administration of either agent. This
      reduction in blood pressure persisted for four to six hours after hydrallazine
      and six to seven hours after prazosin administration. Tachycardia was more
      pronounced and prolonged after hydrallazine administration and side effects were
      more common.

PMID- 368539
TI  - The first and last days of James Cook.

PMID- 368540
TI  - Personality, stress and coronary heart disease.

PMID- 368541
TI  - Surgical treatment of morbid obesity.

PMID- 368542
TI  - Obituary. John George Wagner.

PMID- 368543
TI  - Obituary. Linley Henzell, C.B.E.

PMID- 368544
TI  - [Shock lung].

PMID- 368545
TI  - [Classification of malignant non-Hodgkin-lymphoma].

PMID- 368546
TI  - [Gastrointestinal hormones. Current knowledge].

PMID- 368547
TI  - [The atopy syndrome. Current state].

PMID- 368548
TI  - [Immunofluorescence studies in dermatology].

PMID- 368549
TI  - [Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with obstruction].

PMID- 368550
TI  - [Indications and contraindication for kidney transplantation].

PMID- 368551
TI  - [Tetany and hypoparathyroidism].

PMID- 368552
TI  - [Coincidence of diabetes mellitus and endometrial cancer].

PMID- 368553
TI  - Vidarabine for herpes simplex encephalitis.

PMID- 368554
TI  - Drugs for epilepsy.

PMID- 368555
TI  - [Determination of the cross sections of the body of the dentate nucleus and its
      importance in stereotaxic operations].

PMID- 368558
TI  - Potential future modes of therapy in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 368559
TI  - Diabetes mellitus. Past, Present and Future.

PMID- 368556
TI  - Biologically active products from African Trypanosomes.

PMID- 368560
TI  - Chloramphenicol dosage.

PMID- 368557
TI  - Light energy conversion in Halobacterium halobium.

PMID- 368561
TI  - A transducing lambda phage carrying grpE, a bacterial gene necessary for lambda
      DNA replication, and two ribosomal protein genes, rpsP (S16) and rplS (L19).
AB  - A grpE mutation of Escherichia coli K12, which blocks DNA replication of the
      phage lambda (Saito and Uchida, 1977), was mapped at 56 min on the standard
      genetic map. A transducing lambda phage, lambdagrpE22, carrying the wild type
      allele of the grpE gene was constructed in vitro. Structures of lambdagrpE22 and
      its viable deletion derivatives were determined by electron microscopic analyses
      of appropriate heteroduplexes. Proteins coded by the bacterial DNA incorporated
      into the transducing phages were detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
      The results showed that the product of the grpE gene is a weakly acidic protein
      of molecular weight 24,000. Structural genes for two ribosomal proteins, rplS
      (L19) and rpsP (S16) were also shown to be carried by lambdagrpE22.

PMID- 368562
TI  - Genes encoding ribosomal proteins S16 and L19 form a gene cluster at 56.4 min in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli which was isolated for temperature-sensitive growth
      was found to harbour a structural alterations in protein S16 (Isolo et al.,
      1978). The mutation was localized by matings with various Hfr strains and by Plkc
      mediated transduction. The results showed that it mapped very close to the gene
      coding for L19 protein which has been placed at 56.4 min (Kitakawa and Isono,
      1977), indicating that it most likely forms a new ribosomal protein-gene cluster.

PMID- 368563
TI  - Method of isolation of cysteine constitutive mutants of the cysteine regulon in
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - A method for selection of constitutive cysB mutation is described which takes
      advantage of the resistance of cysteine constitutive mutants to 1,2,4-triazole.
      Since cysM cysK double mutants are cysteine auxotrophs, by selecting for triazole
      resistance in cysM strains, mutants arising under this condition also should be
      constitutive for cysteine biosynthesis. Genetic analysis of mutants isolated by
      this technique showed that their mutational sites are located in the cysB region.
      Biochemical assays of cysteine enzymes, sulphite reductase and O-acetylserine
      sulfhydrylase of the mutants showed the derepressed level of these enzymes and
      the lack or slight repression by 1-cysteine.

PMID- 368564
TI  - The control region of the F sex factor DNA  transfer cistrons: restriction
      mapping and DNA cloning.
AB  - A restriction endonuclease map of EcoRI fragment f6 of F sex factor DNA was
      constructed and aligned with pre-existing physical and genetic maps. Results of
      genetic complementation tests and analysis of proteins synthesized in minicells
      from PstI and BglII sub-fragment clones, or from a specific BglII fragment
      deletion, have allowed mapping of the locations of the origin of DNA transfer and
      many of the transfer genes known to lie on f6. The proteins detected account for
      78% of the coding capacity of fragment f6.

PMID- 368565
TI  - Mapping of RP4 plasmid using deletion mutants of pAS8 hybrid (RP4--ColE1).
AB  - We used the hybrid plasmid pAS8 in order to conduct the genetic analysis of RP4
      plasmid. The presence of two replicons in the hybrid plasmid permitted to expand
      the spectrum of deletion mutants of RP4 isolated, which are capable to autonomous
      replication. The shortening of the hybrid plasmid was achieved by P22
      transduction, by induction of deletion mutants using mitomycin C, as well as by
      seletion of Tra- mutants on the basis of resistance of cells to P-specific
      phages. These techniques have lead to isolation of clones possessing different
      combinations of plasmid resistance determinants. Comparison of phenotypic
      characteristics of deletion plasmids pAS9, pAS10, pAS11, pAS12 and pAS10-2
      permitted to propose the map for pAS8 plasmid with the following sequence of
      markers: tra--kam--ColE1--amp--tet... Heteroduplex analysis of deletion mutants
      of pAS8 permitted to construct a physical map and to elaborate in greater detail
      the functional map of RP4 plasmid. The correlation between the ability of mutants
      to replicate in polA(TS) strain at nonpermissive conditions and the length of the
      deleted segment permitted to map rep genes of RP4 on a region with coordinates
      9.8--17.3 kb. A relationship between the manifestation of incompatibility of
      mutants with Inc P-1 plasmids and the length of deletions points out that inc
      genes are located on DNA region with coordinates 2.1--9.8 kb. The analysis of
      replication of deletion mutants and the manifestation of incompatibility just as
      of the data about the size of appropriate deletions permitted to make the
      conclusion about the functional and genetic independence of the replication
      control and incompatibility control in RP4 plasmid.

PMID- 368566
TI  - Intramitochondrial ATP and cell functions. I. Growing yeast cells depleted of
      intramitochondrial ATP are losing mitochondrial genes.

PMID- 368567
TI  - On the role of recA gene product in genetic recombination: an analysis by in
      vitro packaging of recombinant DNA molecules formed in the absence of protein
      synthesis.
AB  - The role of the recA gene product of Escherichia coli in genetic recombination
      was examined in a system where recombination takes place in the absence of
      protein synthesis. recA200 bacteria were infected with two mutant strains of
      phage lambda in the presence of chloramphenicol and rifampin, and the resulting
      recombinant DNA molecules were measured by in vitro packaging. When recA200
      bacteria grown at a temperature that is permissive for RecA phenotype were
      transferred to a temperature that is restrictive for RecAa phenotype in the
      presence of the inhibitors, recombination of the infecting phages was severely
      blocked. This result shows that the recombination activity of the recA200 cells
      is inactivated by the change of temperature even in the absence of protein
      synthesis. The most likely explanation of this result is that the recA protein is
      directly involved in the recombination detected in the presence of
      chloramphenicol and rifampin.

PMID- 368568
TI  - An "up-promotor" mutation affecting the acetamidase of Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - A derivative of an areA200 strain of Aspergillus nidulans selected for strong
      growth on acetamide as the sole nitrogen source was found to have a mutation, amd
      18, closely linked to amdS, the acetamidase structural gene. This mutation
      results in 2--3 fold higher acetamidase activities than wildtype strains in
      uninduced as well as induced cultures. The effects of the amd-18 mutation are
      superimposed on the effects of other regulatory mutations affecting the
      acetamidase. The amd-18 mutation is cis-dominant with respect to the amdS gene.
      Immunological and gel electrophoresis studies have shown that amd-18 strains
      produce higher levels of acetamidase protein. A previously described cis-dominant
      mutation, amdI9, also causes elevated levels of acetamidase protein. The amd-18
      mutation may affect a promoter site for the amdS gene allowing an increased
      frequency of transcription.

PMID- 368569
TI  - Regulation of catalase synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by carbon catabolite
      repression.

PMID- 368570
TI  - Mutational analysis of the operators of bacteriophage lambda.
AB  - Oc mutations in the operators of bacteriophage lambda have been used to analyze
      the functional organization of the operators. In each operator, repressor binding
      sites 1 and 2, as identified biochemically, were found to be primarily
      responsible for the repressor affinity of the operators in vitro and for the
      repression of lytic functions in vivo. In addition, both sites were shown to be
      involved in the action of cro product at the operators. The data obtained have
      been used to estimate the repressor affinities of the individual binding sites.
      These affinities suggest that repressor bound at OR1 and OR2 interacts
      cooperatively. The results obtained support a model for repression of the early
      lambda operons where repressor bound at binding sites 1 and 2 interferes with RNA
      polymerase binding to the promotor sites.

PMID- 368571
TI  - Properties of two conjugative plasmids mediating tetracycline resistance,
      raffinose catabolism and hydrogen sulfide production in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 368572
TI  - Cold-sensitive mutations in the Z gene of prophage P2 that result in increased
      sensitivity of the lysogens to a low molecular weight product of the host
      bacteria.

PMID- 368573
TI  - Comparison of sensitivity and liquid holding recovery in rad mutants of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae inactivated by UV and DEB.
AB  - Twenty one UV-sensitive rad mutants were tested for their sensitivity towards
      DEB. All mutants were more sensitive to this treatment than the wild type. Seven
      mutants were classified as supersensitive to DEB (rad 1-1, 2,3, 6, 15 and 18-2),
      while only rad2 and rad3 can be classified as supersensitive to UV. For all
      mutants ability for liquid holding recovery (LHR) after UV and DEB was compared.
      Mutants rad 1-1, 3, 5, 6, 9 and 11 differ in their response to LH after the two
      treatments. Survival of rad1-1 and rad3 increases signficantly during LH after
      DEB but not after UV exposure. In contrast rad5, 6, 11, and 22 show marked LHR
      after UV but no increase of survival after DEB treatment.

PMID- 368574
TI  - Study on liquid-holding recovery in DEB-inactivated rad3 mutant of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.

PMID- 368575
TI  - lambdaimm P22dis: a hybrid of coliphage lambda with both immunity regions of
      Salmonella phage P22.
AB  - Genetically marked lambda and P22 phages were recombined in Escherichia coli
      Salmonella typhimurium hybrid WR4028, a host sensitive to infection by both of
      these phages. Hybrid phages that acquired the immC region of P22, but retained
      the genes for the lambda protein coat were selected on WR4027 (lambda), a lambda
      immune, P22-resistant derivative of WR4028. In these lambdaimmP22 hybrids, at
      least the c through P genes of lambda were replaced with functionally related P22
      genes. Phage recombinants with more extensive regions of the P22 genome were
      selected on the double lysogen WR4027 (lambda, lambdaimmP22). One such hybrid,
      lambdaimmP22dis, was determined by heteroduplex analysis to contain approximately
      40% of the P22 genome. Genetic studies established that lambdaimmP22dis possesses
      the two widely separated immunity control regions of P22 (immC and immI) and that
      these loci are expressed in E. coli K-12 lysogenic for lambdaimmP22dis. In
      addition, lambdaimmP22dis contains the P22 a 1 locus responsible for somatic 0--1
      antigen conversion in Salmonella. Although the lambdaimmP22dis phage particle has
      the lambda head and tail, the phage genome also carried P22 tail gene 9 as
      evidenced by the production of free P22 tails. It also has the P22 att site as
      indicated by the integration of the lambdaimmP22dis prophage near the proA locus
      on the bacterial chromosome.

PMID- 368576
TI  - Restriction enzyme cleavage of DNA resulting from gently lysed Escherichia coli.
AB  - When E. coli or lambda infected E. coli are gently lysed the DNA is released as a
      very fast sedimenting species that is presumably bound to membrane material. If
      this complex is now subjected to restriction enzyme cleavage, only a minor
      fraction of the fast sedimenting DNA remains and this is found, after
      purification, to be enriched for branched molecules.

PMID- 368577
TI  - The regulation of urea amidolyase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: mating type
      influence on a constitutivity mutation acting in cis.
AB  - Constitutivity for the synthesis of the urea amidolyase bienzymatic complex is
      obtained by durOh mutations located in the regulatory genetic region adjacent to
      the dur1, dur2 gene cluster. The durOh mutations act only in cis and are a new
      case of cis effect strongly cancelled in alpha/a diploid, similar to cargA+Oh
      mutation shown previously to lead to arginase constitutivity. Illegitimate
      diploids do not show such a cancellation of constitutivity. The constitutivity
      produced by durOh mutation comprises the process of induction and the release of
      the glutamine effect. It does not impair the NH+4 effect.

PMID- 368578
TI  - Map location of the Escherichia coli origin of replication.
AB  - Working with restriction fragments obtained directly from the Escherichia coli
      K12 chromosome, the EcoRI-HindIII restriction map of the section of the
      chromosome containing the replication origin has been extended by 14 kilobase
      pairs (kb) to cover 56 kb. Within this newly mapped portion, the ilv and rrnC
      cistrons have been identified by (1) hybridization of individual restriction
      fragmanents to the ilv-transducing phage lambdadilv5 and (2) a comparison of the
      restriction map of this region with the EcoRI map of lambda dilv5 and the Hind
      III map of the plasmid pJC110, a ColEl-ilv hybrid. The replication origin is
      located approximately 30 kb from the ilvE gene and 20 kb from the rrnC 16S rRNA
      cistron. This places the origin near 82.7 min on the genetic map, close to uncA.

PMID- 368579
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a ColE1 plasmid containing the entire bio gene
      cluster of Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - ColE1amp plasmids carrying the entire bio gene cluster were constructed in vitro
      using ColE1amp as the cloning vehicle and a lambda transducing phage, lambdaatt2,
      as the source of bio DNA. Restriction endonuclease EcoRI digests of ColE1amp and
      lambdaatt2 DNA were joined by polynucleotide ligase and plasmids bearing the
      entire bio gene cluster were selected, after transformation, in bio deletion
      strains of E. coli. Recombinant DNA molecules contained one ColE1amp fragment
      (7.4 X 10(6) daltons) and one lambdaatt2 DNA fragment (5.4 X 10(6) daltons).
      Clones carrying ColE1 amp-bio plasmids produce elevated levels of biotin and
      biotin synthetase activity.

PMID- 368580
TI  - Lactam utilisation in Aspergillus nidulans: evidence for a fourth gene under the
      control of the integrator gene intA.
AB  - Mutations in the lamA gene of Aspergillus nidulans prevent the conversion of
      exogenous 2-pyrrolidone (gamma-butyrolactam) to gamma-amino-n-butyrate (GABA) and
      also prevent the (probably analogous) utilisation of 2-piperidone (sigma
      valerolactam). The lamA gene, in linkage group VIII, probably specifies a
      lactamase but a role in lactam uptake cannot be ruled out. lamA is probably under
      the control of the positive acting regulatory gene intA, which can integrate its
      expression with the expression of three other genes, specifying acetamidase, GABA
      transaminase, and GABA permease, respectively.

PMID- 368581
TI  - Functional mRNA half lives in E. coli.
AB  - Analysis of the synthetic rate of individual protein species at various times
      after complete inhibition of transcription with either streptolygidin or
      rifampicin was carried out by two-dimensional polyacrylamide electrophoresis of
      total Escherichia coli cell extracts. The decay rate of the potential to
      synthesize different proteins was assumed to be equal to the functional decay
      rate of the corresponding mRNA. We conclude the following: (a) The tufA and tufB
      messengers have different half lives (3.0 and 2.4 min, respectively). (b)
      Different genes within the same transcriptional unit can have different half lies
      (S7, EGF and EFTuA--2.5, 3.8 and 3.0 min, respectively). (c) There is at least a
      twenty-fold variation in individual mRNA half lives in E. coli; ribosomal protein
      S1 mRNA was observed to have the shortest half life in the cell (40 sec), while
      the longest observed half life was approximately 20 min (all values at 30 degrees
      C). (d) Addition of rifampicin increases the absolute rate of RNA polymerase
      subunit alpha and beta synthesis two-fold. (e) The induction of the synthesis of
      alpha subunit of RNA polymerase takes place without a concomitant induction of
      ribosomal protein S4 and L17, which are reported to be on either side of alpha in
      the same transcriptional unit.

PMID- 368582
TI  - Scale of the genetic map and genetic control of recombination after conjugation
      in Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 368583
TI  - Instability of plasmid DNA sequences: macro and micro evolution of the antibiotic
      resistance plasmid R6-5.
AB  - Detailed examination of the structure of cloned DNA fragments of the R6-5
      antibiotic resistance plasmid has revealed a substantial degree of polynucleotide
      sequence heterogeneity and indicates that sequence rearrangements in plasmids and
      possible other replicons occur more frequently than has hitherto been
      appreciated. The sequences changes in cloned R6-5 fragments were shown in some
      instances to have occurred prior to cloning, i.e. existing in the original
      population of R6-5 molecules that was obtained from a single bacterial clone and
      by several different criteria judged to be homogeneous, and in others to have
      occurred either during the cloning procedure or during subsequent propagation of
      hybrid molecules. The molecular changes that are described involved
      insertion/deletion of the previously characterized IS2 insertion element,
      formation of a new inverted repeat structure probably by duplication of a
      preexisting R6-5 DNA sequence, sequence inversion, and loss and gain of
      restriction endonuclease cleavage sites.

PMID- 368584
TI  - Nitrite reduction in Escherichia coli: genetic analysis of nir mutants.
AB  - Five mutants of Escherichia coli impaired on nitrite reduction were studied. All
      have lost NADH-nitrite reductase activity but have retained the capacity to
      synthesize all or part of their cytochrome c552. Three genes, nir C, nir D, and
      nir E were mapped at 26, 72.5 and 49.5 min, respectively. Another gene, nir F was
      tentatively localized around 52 min.

PMID- 368585
TI  - Altered DNA-protein relaxation complex in a replication mutant of plasmid ColE1.
AB  - Approximately 200,000 clones of Escherichia coli carrying mutagen-treated
      colicinogenic plasmid E1 (ColE1) were examined for irreversible loss of the
      plasmid at 43 degrees. Thirty of these clones that appeared to be most defective
      in plasmid DNA replication at the non-permissive temperature were selected for
      the study of: (a) the kinetics of plasmid and chromosomal DNA replication during
      a temperature shift in either the presence or absence of chloramphenicol; (b) the
      temperature stability of the plasmid DNA-protein relaxation complex; and (c) the
      temperature effect on F-promoted conjugal transfer. Two mutant plasmids, pJC307
      and pJC301, showed defects in their relaxation complex. The relaxation complex of
      pJC307 exhibited an altered temperature stability in vitro. Reversion to
      temperature resistant replication resulted in four out of five cases in a
      concomitant change in the temperature stability of the relaxation complex.
      Conjugal mobility of this mutant was not markedly reduced at the permissive or
      non-permissive temperature. Plasmid pJC301 could not be isolated in the form of a
      relaxation complex and it was very poorly mobilized in an F'-promoted
      conjugation. These results indicate that the ColE1 plasmid codes for at least one
      of the proteins of the relaxation complex and that the relaxation complex is
      involved in ColE1 DNA replication. In addition, the properties of the mutant
      plasmid pJC301 are consistent with a role for the complex in the mobilization of
      ColE1 during conjugation.

PMID- 368586
TI  - The involvement of DNA polymerase I in the postreplication repair of ultraviolet
      radiation-induced damage in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A deficiency in DNA polymerase I increased the ultraviolet (UV) radiation
      sensitivity of a uvrA strain of Escherichia coli K-12 when plated on minimal
      growth medium. The slope of the survival curve for the uvrA polA strain was 2.0
      times greater than that for the uvrA strain. The fluence-dependent yield of
      unrepaired deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) parental-strand breaks following UV
      irradiation and incubation in minimal growth medium was similar in both strains.
      However, the fluence-dependent yield of unrepaired DNA daughter-strand gaps
      observed following UV irradiation was 1.8-fold greater in the uvrA polA strain
      than in the uvrA strain. These results suggest that DNA polymerase I is involved
      in the filling of at least some daughter-strand gaps during postreplication
      repair. Also, the uvrA polA strain was sensitized by a post-UV treatment with
      chloramphenicol (CAP) to a similar extent as was the uvrA strain, indicating that
      DNA polymerase I is not involved in the CAP-inhibitable pathway of
      postreplication repair.

PMID- 368587
TI  - Analysis of regulatory mechanisms controlling the activity of the hexitol
      transport systems in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - The transport systems (enzymeII-complexes of the PEP-dependent
      sugar:phosphotransferase system) coded for in the mtl and in the gut (srl) operon
      of E. coli K12 have been shown to be the pacemaker enzymes in the catabolism of
      the two hexitols D-mannitol and D-glucitol, respectively. As for other pacemaker
      enzymes their activity is regulated in a complex way: (i) via competitive
      inhibition by analogues. (ii) via non-competitive (feedback) inhibition by the
      simultaneous, rapid uptake of a number of structurally related or non-related
      carbohydrates, regardless if these are transported by group translocation, active
      transport or facilitated diffusion. This type of inhibition is strongly
      reinforced, if the inhibitory carbohydrates are converted efficiently into hexose
      phosphates at the same time. Among these, predominantly D-fructose-6-P seems to
      act as a feedback inhibitor for the hexitol specific enzymeII-complexes: (iii)
      inhibition of hixitol-phosphate accumulation by D-glucose-6-P. The influence of
      additional parameters (PEP level, P approximately HPr level) and indications for
      the existence of further mechanisms controlling the activity of hexitol and other
      carbohydrate transport systems will be discussed, as will be the part the
      inhibitory mechanisms described above play in the phenomena of transient
      repression and inducer exclusion.

PMID- 368588
TI  - Regional replication of the bacterial chromosome induced by derepression of
      prophage lambda. IV. Escape synthesis of gal operon in phage 82.
AB  - Derepression of prophage lambda in E. coli strain K12 results in constitutive
      synthesis of the enzymes directed by the nearby bacterial operon, gal (escape
      synthesis). Phage 82 fails to cause escape synthesis despite that it lysogenizes
      the strain K12 at the site identical to that of lambda on the host chromosome.
      The reason for the observed difference between 82 and lambda is studied in the
      light of the recent finding that escape synthesis in lambda-lysogen is closely
      associated to phage-promoted replication of bacterial chromosome contiguous to
      the prophage including gal operon (escape replication). Excision-defective
      mutants from 82, 82int or 82xis, do initiate escape synthesis, suggest that the
      prophage 82 is normally excised too quickly after induction to allow sufficient
      escape replication. In support of this, much more DNA hybridizable to bacterial
      DNA contained in lambdagal accumulates after induction if 82int than after
      induction of 82. Studies with various hybrid phages between 82 and lambda have
      suggested: 1. The occurrence of gal escape synthesis depends on the nature of the
      region between b2 and N in the lambda map. 2. Regions of the 82 genome on both
      sides of the attachment site contribute independently to prevent gal escape
      synthesis. Implications of these results are discussed with regard to the factors
      involved in the prophage excision.

PMID- 368590
TI  - Close vicinity of IS1 integration sites in the leader sequence of the gal operon
      of E. coli.
AB  - Four insertions of IS1 in the leader sequence of the gal operon of E. coli have
      been analysed. Two of them occur at the same position, but in opposite
      orientations. The other two are inserted one nucleotide to one side and four
      nucleotides to the other side, respectively. In each case, nine base pairs of the
      leader sequence of the gal operon are duplicated directly, and are found flanking
      the termini of IS1 at its junction with the gal operon. These repeated sequences
      differ from each other as expected from the different insertion sites.

PMID- 368589
TI  - Photodynamic effect of proflavine on phiX174 bacteriophage, its DNA replicative
      form and its isolated single-stranded DNA: inactivation, mutagenesis and repair.

PMID- 368591
TI  - Suppression of mitochondrially-determined resistance to chloramphenicol and
      paromomycin by nuclear genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Phenotypic "revertants" of a drug resistant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      were induced by mutgenesis with manganese. Several of these drug sensitive
      mutants have been shown to result from mutations in the nuclear genome that cause
      phenotypic modification (suppression) of the mitochondrially-determined drug
      resistant genotype. Four mutants carrying a single recessive nuclear gene capable
      of modifying mitochondrial chloramphenicol resistance are described; these may be
      assigned to three complementation groups. Chloramphenicol resistant mutants
      mapping at five separate mitochondrial loci are described. At least two of the
      nuclear genes cause modification of mitochondrial chloramphenicol resistance
      determined by mutations at three of these loci, but the other two loci are
      apparently non-suppressible by these nuclear alleles. This indicates that these
      modifiers do not act by causing a general decrease in cellular or mitochondrial
      permeability to the drug. A single dominant nuclear modifier of mitochondrial
      paromomycin resistance has been identified. It is non-allelic to and does not
      interact with the genes modifying mitochondrial chloramphenicol resistance.

PMID- 368592
TI  - Repair of MMS-induced DNA double-strand breaks in haploid cells of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae, which requires the presence of a duplicate genome.
AB  - The formation and repair of double-strand breaks induced in DNA by MMS was
      studied in haploid wild type and MMS-sensitive rad6 mutant strains of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the use of the neutral and alkaline sucrose
      sedimentation technique. A similar decrease in average molecular weight of double
      stranded DNA from 5--6 X 10(8) to 1--0.7 X 10(8) daltons was observed following
      treatment with 0.5% MMS in wild type and mutant strains. Incubation of cells
      after MMS treatment in a fresh drug-free growing medium resulted in repair of
      double-strand breaks in the wild type stain, but only in the exponential phase of
      growth. No repair of double-strand breaks was found when cells of the wild type
      strain were synchronized in G-1 phase by treatment with alpha factor, although
      DNA single-strand breaks were still efficiently repaired. Mutant rad6 which has a
      very low ability to repair MMS-induced single-strand breaks, did not repair
      double-strand breaks regardless of the phase of growth. These results suggest
      that (1) repair of double-strand breaks requires the ability for single-strand
      breaks repair, (2) rejoining of double-strand breaks requires the availability of
      two homologous DNA molecules, this strongly supports the recombinational model of
      DNA repair.

PMID- 368593
TI  - Genetic localization of diuron- and mucidin-resistant mutants relative to a group
      of loci of the mitochondrial DNA controlling coenzyme QH2-cytochrome c reductase
      in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Diuron-resistance, DIU (Colson et al., 1977), antimycin-resistance, ANA
      (Michaelis, 1976; Burger et al., 1976), funiculosin-resistance, FUN (Pratje and
      Michaelis, 1977; Burger et al., 1977) and mucidin-resistance, MUC (Subik et al.,
      1977) are each coded by a pair of genetic loci on the mit DNA of S. cerevisiae.
      In the present paper, these respiratiory-competent, drug-resistant loci are
      localized relative to respiratory-deficient BOX mutants deficient in coenzyme QH2
      cytochrome c reductase (Kotylak and Slonimski, 1976, 1977) using deletion and
      recombination mapping. Three drug-resistant loci possessing distinct mutated
      allelic forms are distinguished. DIU1 is allelic or closely linked to ANA2, FUN1
      and BOX1; DIU2 is allelic or closely linked to ANA1, MUC1 and BOX4/5; MUC2 is
      allelic to BOX6. The high recombinant frequencies observed between the three loci
      (13% on the average for 33 various combinations analyzed) suggest the existence
      of either three genes coding for three distinct polypeptides or of a single gene
      coding for a single polypeptide but subdivided into three easily separable
      segments. The resistance of the respiratory-chain observed in vitro in the drug
      resistant mutants and the allelism relationships between respiratory-competent,
      drug-resistant loci and coQH2-cyt c reductase deficient, BOX, loci strongly
      suggest that each of the three drug-resistant loci codes for a structural gene
      product which is essential for the normal coQH2-cyt c reductase activity and is
      obviously a good candidate for a gene product of the drug-resistant loci mapped
      in this paper. Polypeptide length modifications of cytochrome b were observed in
      mutants deficient in the coQH2-cyt c red and localized at the BOX1, BOX4 and BOX6
      genetic loci (Claisse et al., 1977, 1978) which are precisely the loci allelic to
      drug resistant mutants as shown in the present work. Taken together these two
      sets of data provide a strong evidence in favor of the idea that there exist
      three non contiguous segments of the mitochondrial DNA sequence which code for a
      single polypeptide sequence of cytochrome b. In each segment mutations which
      modify the polypeptide sequence can occur leading to the loss (BOX mutants) or to
      a modification (drug resistant mutants) of the enzyme activity.

PMID- 368594
TI  - Allelism relationships between diuron-resistant, antimycin-resistant and
      funiculosin-resistant loci of the mitochondrial map in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Using allelism tests, two diuron (DIU1, DIU2), one funiculosin (FUN1), and two
      antimycin (ANA1, ANA2) resistance loci are resolved into two mitochondrial drug
      resistant genetic loci. DIU1 is alelic to ANA2 and FUN1. DIU2 is allelic to ANA1.

PMID- 368595
TI  - Revertants of pleiotropic cross resistance and collateral sensitivity in yeast: a
      multivariate analysis.

PMID- 368596
TI  - Segregation of the mutator property of plasmid R46 from its ultraviolet
      protecting property.
AB  - Plasmid R46 (an R factor conferring resistance to ampicillin, sulfonamides,
      streptomycin and tetracycline) reduces the bactericidal effect of UV irradiation
      but increases its mutagenic effect (reversion of hisG46), and raises the
      frequency of spontaneous reversion (mutator effect). Putative deletion mutants of
      R46 were obtained by transduction of the plasmid, then two successive conjugal
      transfers. Plasmids of five of six deletion classes, each with a different
      combination of drug resistance traits, retained conjugative ability and the UV
      protecting, mutagenesis-enhancing and mutator effects of R46. (pKM101, used in
      the Ames system to enhance responsiveness to chemical mutagens, is one such
      mutant of R46.) Plasmids of a sixth class, represented by pKM115, conferred
      resistance only to streptomycin and were non-conjugative. All of several such
      plasmids (of independent origin) had a much stronger mutator effect than did R46,
      but lacked UV-protecting ability and did not enhance the mutagenic effect of UV
      irradiation. We infer that R46 possesses: (i) a gene, uvp, which increases
      capacity for error-prone repair of UV-damaged DNA, and thus causes both UV
      protection and enhancement of UV mutagenesis; (ii) gene(s) whose action in the
      absence of gene uvp greatly increases the frequency of spontaneous reversion of
      hisG46. A plasmid of another incompatibility group, pLS51, has UV-protecting and
      mutagenesis-enhancing effect but lacks the mutator property; introduction of
      pLS51 into a clone of hisG46 carrying a pKM115-type plasmid greatly reduced its
      spontaneous reversion rate, as expected if pLS51 also has a uvp gene able to
      modulate the mutator effect of R46-derived gene(s) in the pKM115-type plasmid.

PMID- 368597
TI  - Repressor synthesis in regulatory mutants of bacteriophage P22.
AB  - SDS-polyacrylamide gel analysis of P22-infected Salmonella has allowed
      identification of the c2 repressor (MW 31,000) and study of repressor synthesis
      in regulatory mutants of P22. Repressor is synthesized in reduced amounts or is
      absent in infections with P22, clNo.7, P22, c2 am08, P22 c3 am03, and P22 c3
      am012, but is synthesized in markedly increased amounts in the virulent mutant,
      P22 virB3, and its component mutants, vx and k5. Higher levels of repressor are
      also found in the P22 cly 17 mutant.

PMID- 368598
TI  - A method for purification of peptides from hydrolysates of proteins modified by
      chemically active analogues of substrates containing cis-diol groups.
AB  - A simple and rapid column procedure is described for the isolation from protein
      hydrolysates of peptides containing covalently bound substrate analogues with cis
      diol groups. The method is based on complex formation between the cis-diol groups
      of peptide-bound compounds and dihydroxyborylic groups of a
      dihydroxyborylaminoethyl cellulose column. The method is useful for isolation of
      peptide(s) located in or near the active centre of enzymes after their affinity
      labelling by chemically active analogues of natural substrates like
      ribonucleotides, sugars, etc.

PMID- 368599
TI  - [Arrangement in chromatin of DNA sites accessible to Serratia marcescens
      endonuclease].
AB  - Splitting of DNA in rat thymus nuclei by Serratia marcescens endonuclease has
      been studied. DNA fragments were analyzed by gel electrophoresis. Obtained data
      indicate that the internucleosomal DNA interacts with histones octamer and is cut
      by endonuclease to fragments multiple of 10 nucleotides. Limits digestion of
      nuclei with Serratia endonuclease (up to 50% of DNA acid solubility) leaves in a
      nondegraded form the chromatin fragments including DNA pieces up to 1000 bases in
      size-resistant DNA. Partly, the resistant DNA has properties of single-stranded
      molecules. These data are interpreted so that Serratia endonuclease is able to
      hydrolyse with some preference one of the DNA strands in chromatin. It can be
      considered as an evidence of different modes of interaction of the histone core
      with the two DNA strands.

PMID- 368601
TI  - [Role of the lysine residues in the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase substrates
      interaction].
AB  - The effect of 2,4-pentandione on the activity of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase
      (Phe-RSase) from E. coli MRE-600 was investigated. It was shown that modification
      of Phe-RSase with 2,4-pentandione leads to decrease of the aminoacylation rate
      without an influence on the ATP--[32P]pyrophosphate exchange reaction rate.
      tRNAPhe protects the enzyme against inactivation. Neither L-Phe and ATP nor the
      analog fo aminoacyladenylate protects the enzyme against inactivation. There are
      no changes in Km for amino acid and ATP in the aminoacylation reaction after
      modification while Km for tRNAPhe decreases three times. The dissociation
      constant of Phe-RSase: [14C]Phe-tRNA complex increases 4--8 times after
      modification. It is assumed that there are some lysine residues in Phe-RSase
      essential for the Phe-RSase-tRNA interaction.

PMID- 368600
TI  - [Modification of one tRNA recognition site of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from
      E. coli MRE-600 with N-chlorambucilyl-phenylalanyl-tRNA].
AB  - Affinity labelling of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli MRE-600 with N
      chlorambucilyl-phenylalanyl-tRNA results in a binding of 1 mole of the reagent
      per 1 mole of the enzyme. Exhaustive alkylation of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase
      completely blocks the aminoacylation and partially inhibits the reaction of ATP-
      [32P]pyrophosphate exchange. Removal of the tRNA moiety of the reagent by
      hydrolysis of the ester bond N-chlorambucilyl-phenylalanine and terminal
      adenosine does not result in a restoration of ATP--[32P]pyrophosphate exchange
      and aminoacylation activity. The latter result may testify a chemical
      modification of amino acid residues essential for enzymatic activity. Possibility
      of blocking one of the two tRNA binding sites is discussed.

PMID- 368602
TI  - [Thermal denaturation of pepsin in crystal form and in solution].
AB  - Thermal transitions in pepsin crystals were studied by scanning microcalorimetry
      and microscopy. A sharp dependence of thermal transition parameters upon the
      heating rate was discovered. It was determined that during the heating of pepsin
      crystals it is possible to observe phase transition of the first order type.
      Thermal transition is connected only with the denaturation of protein molecules
      in the crystal. The absence of crystals melting was shown with the help of
      microscopy. The coincidence of equilibrium denaturation temperatures of pepsin in
      crystal and in solution was shown in direct calorimetric experiments. The results
      obtained point to the fact that intermolecular interactions do not give any
      contribution to the thermostability of hydrated supermolecular protein systems.

PMID- 368603
TI  - [Brain oligopeptides--analgesic peptides, stimulators of memory and sleep].
AB  - A review of recent advances in the structure and properties of brain endogenous
      oligopeptides and their analogs is given. The principal attention is drawn to the
      stimulators of learning long-term memory, sleep and analgetic oligopeptides.

PMID- 368604
TI  - [Specific cleavage of glycosylyl denatured DNA of T2 and T4 phages adjacent to
      the oligothymidilic or oligoadenylic sequences].
AB  - A method of complementarily directed alkylation with following elimination of the
      alkylated bases and with DNA cleavage at apurinic sites was used for specific
      fragmentation of glucosylyl DNA of T2 and T4 phages. It was shown that denatured
      glucosylyl T2 and T4 DNA's are modified by alkylating derivatives of
      hexaadenylate and heptauridylilate. The extent of alkylation reached the maximum
      and then stopped. The extent of elimination and chain cleavage corresponded to
      that of alkylation. Treatment of DNA after alkylation with (Ap)5ARCl under
      condition of saturation at 20 degrees gives 572 +/- 28 fragments from T4 DNA with
      200--25,000 nucleotides long and 578 +/- 33 fragments from T2 DNA. Alkylation
      under condition of DNA saturation with (Ap)5ARCl at 40 degrees leads to 138 +/-
      15 fragments from T4 DNA and 170 +/- 16 fragments from T2 DNA. Characteristics of
      the fragments obtained are given.

PMID- 368605
TI  - [The physiology of the gingival sulcus].

PMID- 368606
TI  - [Class III: some considerations].

PMID- 368607
TI  - [Prof. Dr. A. Windorfer 70 years old].

PMID- 368608
TI  - [Congenital malaria in a Greek twin (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of congenital malaria due to Plasmodium malariae in one of two living
      Greek twins born in Germany is presented. In the child fever, anaemia and
      hepatosplenomegaly were first noticed at the age of two months. Plasmodium
      malariae parasites were demonstrated in the peripheral blood and bone marrow. The
      sera of mother and infant contained malaria antibodies. However the mother never
      showed clinical signs of malaria. Diagnosis and therapy of congenital malaria and
      the possible mode of transmission of this rare disease are discussed.

PMID- 368609
TI  - Control of perinatal group B streptococcal sepsis: efficacy of single injection
      of aqueous penicillin at birth.

PMID- 368610
TI  - Mutagenic DNA repair in Escherichia coli. VII. Constitutive and inducible
      manifestations.

PMID- 368611
TI  - In vitro breakage of plasmid DNA by mutagens and pesticides.
AB  - Covalently closed circular molecules of the colicinogenic plasmid E1 can serve as
      sensitive indicators for detecting in vitro breakage of DNA. After these
      molecules are radioactively labeled and purified by cesium chloride density
      gradient centrifugation, they are incubated with the compounds to be tested.
      Samples are analyzed on alkaline sucrose gradients to determine the fraction of
      unbroken molecules and a breakage rate is calculated. Positive results were
      obtained for all three mutagenic alkylating agents (MMS, EMS, and MNNG) and of
      the 11 pesticides tested, dexon, dichlorvos, malathion, and methyl parathion
      induced breaks in molecules at a rate significantly greater than the controls.

PMID- 368612
TI  - A new method for the preparation of mammalian spermatogonial chromosomes.
AB  - After the seminiferous tubules were minced and washed with phosphate-buffered
      saline to remove sperms, spermatids and spermatocytes (Hoo and Bowles, 1971),
      they were repeatedly treated with 0.1% trypsin solution to liberate
      spermatogonia. It was concluded that the spermatogonial chromosomes can be
      analysed much more easily and accurately by this procedure than by previous ones.

PMID- 368613
TI  - Ultraviolet-induced reversion to prototrophy in histidine-requiring Escherichia
      coli B/r.

PMID- 368614
TI  - The expression curve of mutants induced by styrene oxide at the HGPRT locus in
      V79 cells.

PMID- 368615
TI  - Deuterium isotope effects in mutagenesis by nitroso compounds.
AB  - Nitrosamines which have deuterium instead of hydrogen in the position alpha to
      the nitroso group have been reported to have reduced activity in carcinogenicity
      tests. This result implies that cleavage of a carbon--hydrogen bond is a limiting
      step in the reaction mechanism leading to tumor formation. Mutagenicity tests
      were undertaken with nitrosamines, which require metabolic activation, and with
      nitrosamides, which are directly acting mutagens, to determine the effect of
      deuterium substitution on the activity of each type of compound. Two nitrosamides
      (N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and methylnitrosourea) and three
      nitrosamines (dimethylnitrosamine, nitrosomorpholine, and dinitrosopiperazine)
      and their deuterium-containing analogs were tested for reversion of a nonsense
      mutation in the tyr locus of Escherichia coli WU 3610 (tyr-, leu-). Nitrosamines
      activated by rat-liver microsomes, but not nitrosamides, were less active as
      mutagens when the deuterium atom was present. The results suggest that the
      metabolic activation of nitrosamines to a mutagenic species involves the loss of
      hydrogen, a reaction which the nitrosamides, in the absence of enzyme, do not
      undergo.

PMID- 368616
TI  - Differential mutagenicity of N-methyl-N-nitrosocarbamate insectides in
      Escherichia coli strains having different DNA repair capacities.
AB  - Four isogenic strains of Escherichia coli with the same auxotrophic marker (arg
      Fam--namely wild-type, uvrA-, polA- and recA-) were used for testing the
      lethalities and mutagenicities of 1-naphthyl N-methyl-N-nitrosocarbamate (nitroso
      NAC), 3-methylphenyl N-methyl-N-nitrosocarbamate (nitroso-MTMC), and 3,4
      dimethylphenyl N-methyl-N-nitrosocarbamate (nitroso-MPMC). The strains recA- and
      polA- showed a similarly higher sensitivity to killing than wild-type and uvrA-
      after treatments with each of the three chemicals, whereas the strains wild-type,
      uvrA-, and polA- were equally mutable by these compounds at equal doses. The
      strain recA- was hardly mutable by nitroso-NAC, but significant levels of Arg+
      mutations were observed after treatments with nitroso-MTMC and nitroso-MPMC.
      These and previous results suggest that both nitroso-MTMC and nitroso-MPMC are
      similar in their mutagenicity pattern to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
      whereas nitroso-NAC is similar to methyl methanesulfonate or X-rays, and that the
      major damage to DNA of the three agents is not excisable by the uvrA+-dependent
      excision repair, probably methylation in DNA.

PMID- 368617
TI  - A simple plate test for screening colicine-inducing substances as a tool for the
      detection of potential carcinogens.
AB  - A simple and rapid plate test is described for screening substances that induce
      colicine E2. By using chemicals activated with microsomal enzymes and a permeable
      (rfa) tester bacterium that is also deficient in DNA repair (uvrB), the range of
      inducing substances that can be detected has been extended. The possible
      correlation between colicine-inducing substances and carcinogens is discussed.

PMID- 368618
TI  - Mutagenicity of plant flavonoids: structural requirements for mutagenic activity
      in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - 40 compounds structurally related to the plant flavonol quercetin were tested for
      mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98. 10 flavonols,
      quercetin, myricetin, rhamnetin, galangin, kaempferol, tamarixetin, morin, 3'-O
      methylquercetin, 7,4'-di-O-methylquercetin and 5,7-di-O-methyl-quercetin,
      exhibited unequivocal mutagenic activity. 4 compounds, quercetin, myricetin,
      rhamnetin and 5,7-di-O-methylquercetin, were active without metabolic activation,
      although metabolic activation markedly enhanced their activity. All 4 have free
      hydroxyl groups at the 3' and 4' positions of the B ring. The other active
      compounds required an in vitro rat-liver metabolizing system for significant
      activity. Structural features which appear essential for mutagenic activity in
      this strain are a basic flavanoid ring structure with (1) a free hydroxyl group
      at the 3 position, (2) a double bond at the 2, 3 position, (3) a keto group at
      the 4 position, and (4) a structure which permits the proton of the 3-hydroxyl
      group to tautomerise to a 3-keto compound. The data are consistent with the
      requirement for a B ring structure that permits oxidation to quininoid
      intermediates. Free hydroxyl groups in the B ring are not essential for activity
      if a rat-liver metabolic activating system is employed. Data from 12 compounds
      which differ only at the essential sites described above indicate that the
      structural requirements for mutagenicity in strain TA100 are the same as those
      for activity in strain TA98. Based on the above structural requirements, a
      metabolic pathway for flavonol activation to DNA-reactive species is proposed.

PMID- 368619
TI  - Forward mutations to arabinose resistance in Salmonella typhimurium strains: a
      sensitive assay for mutagenicity testing.
AB  - The forward-mutation assay using the L-arabinose-sensitive strain SV3 of
      Salmonella typhimurium has been calibrated against a selected set of mutagens.
      Strain SV3 is sensitive to chemicals causing base-pair substitutions, frameshift
      mutations and deletions. New strains deficient for the excision-repair system or
      the lipopolysaccharide barrier or both have been selected from strain SV3. The
      additional mutations do not affect the independence of the assay from
      experimental artifacts due to physiological or lethal damage or differences in
      plating density. The new strains are more sensitive than SV3 to certain mutagens.
      Techniques for using this set of strains are presented and their relative
      advantages discussed.

PMID- 368620
TI  - On the detection of volatile liquid mutagens with bacteria: experiments with
      dichlorvos and epichlorhydrin.

PMID- 368621
TI  - Cytotoxic effects of maleic hydrazide.
AB  - Since 1950, maleic hydrazide (MH) has been introduced into agriculture as a major
      commercial herbicide and a depressant of plant growth in numerous circumstances
      such as suppression of sprouting of vegetables and stored food crops, control of
      sucker growth on tobacco plants, ratardation of flowering and prolongation of
      dormancy period. Since 1951 MH has been known as an effective chromosome-breaking
      agent in higher plants, in sharp contrast with its low effect on the chromosomes
      and general health of tested mammals. The selectivity of action of MH in plants
      and animals was obviously the main reason of low interest devoted to the chemical
      by people working the field of environmental mutagenesis. In early works the
      inhibitory effects of MH on plant growth were mainly considered to result from
      the suppression of plant metabolism (inhibition of enzymic activity) and
      interference of the compound with plant hormones and growth regulators. More
      recently, numerous experiments performed with various plant species have shown
      that MH acts as an inhibitor of the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins.
      Similar results have been obtained with animal tumour cells. The chromosome
      breaking effect of MH on plant chromosomes resembles very closely the chromosome
      breaking properties of alkylating agents and other mutagenic compounds such as
      mitomycin C. MH-induced chromosomal aberrations have also been recorded in
      grasshoppers, fish and mice, although tests with some mammalian cell lines gave
      negative results. Among higher plants, selective sensitivity to the toxic effects
      of MH is well proved. This phenomenon seems to be due to the differential ability
      of various plant species to detoxicate the chemical. Plants can break down MH
      into several products, one of which, hydrazine, is a well-known mutagen and
      carcinogen. MH does not seem to be toxic to bacteria and fungi. The compound is
      degraded by soil microflora and hence can be utilized as a source of nitrogen
      nutrition. MH proved to be of low toxicity to mammals, but in some instances it
      decreased the fertility of rats. The reported carcinogenic effects of MH in mice
      and rats raise the question of its risks to man.

PMID- 368622
TI  - Genetic activities of hycanthone and some other antischistosomal drugs.

PMID- 368623
TI  - [Heinz Grimmer--65 years].

PMID- 368624
TI  - Efficacy of topical antifungal treatment in denture stomatitis.

PMID- 368625
TI  - On the incidence of yeast species from human sources in Finland. II. Yeasts from
      vaginal discharge.

PMID- 368626
TI  - Treatment of gastrointestinal candidosis in predisposed guinea-pigs and in
      conventional mice with miconazole.

PMID- 368627
TI  - [Determination of antibodies against Candida albicans by radio-immuno-assay
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 368628
TI  - Topical antimycotic agents for the treatment of superficial dermatophytoses in
      Thailand--a double-blind study.

PMID- 368629
TI  - Body ultrasonography (first of two parts).

PMID- 368630
TI  - Advances in diagnosis and treatment of bone tumors.

PMID- 368631
TI  - Body ultrasonography (second of two parts).

PMID- 368632
TI  - Human-to-human transmission of rabies virus by corneal transplant.

PMID- 368633
TI  - Abdominal surgery (first of three parts).

PMID- 368634
TI  - Protein digestion and absorption.

PMID- 368635
TI  - Interaction between clonazepam and sodium valproate.

PMID- 368636
TI  - Abdominal surgery (second of three parts).

PMID- 368638
TI  - Robert O'Leary--versatile editor of Journal editors.

PMID- 368637
TI  - Drug therapy: vasodilator drugs in peripheral vascular disease.

PMID- 368639
TI  - New light on the Piltdown hoax?

PMID- 368640
TI  - Identification of a single promoter in E. coli for rplJ, rplL and rpoBC.
AB  - A set of restriction fragments cloned into phage lambda vectors has allowed us to
      locate a site necessary for full rpoBC expression. We find that these genes for
      the two large subunits of RNA polymerase and the genes, rplL and rplJ, for two
      ribosomal proteins, form a single operon.

PMID- 368641
TI  - A man driven by proticity: Peter Mitchell Nobel prize for Chemistry 1978.

PMID- 368642
TI  - Plasmid-determined tetracycline resistance involves new transport systems for
      tetracycline.

PMID- 368643
TI  - Channels in membranes.

PMID- 368644
TI  - Eukaryotic DNA fragments which act as promoters for a plasmid gene.

PMID- 368645
TI  - On codon usage.

PMID- 368646
TI  - The E. coli gene encoding heat stable toxin is a bacterial transposon flanked by
      inverted repeats of IS1.
AB  - Restriction endonuclease subclones of the Escherichia coli gene encoding the heat
      stable (ST) toxin exhibit a stem and loop structure similar to those seen in many
      procaryotic transposons. An EcoRI DNA fragment encoding tetracycline (Tc)
      resistance but no transposition functions was spliced into the ST gene in one of
      these subclones. By monitoring Tcr, we were able to show that the ST gene
      transposes. Restriction and DNA sequence data strongly suggest that the ST
      transposon, Tn 1681, is flanked by inverted repeats of IS1.

PMID- 368647
TI  - Gene fusion during the evolution of the tryptophan operon in enterobacteriaceae.

PMID- 368648
TI  - The recA gene product.

PMID- 368649
TI  - Escherichia coli mutants accumulating the precursor of a secreted protein in the
      cytoplasm.
AB  - The maltose binding protein of Escherichia coli is secreted into the external
      periplasmic compartment of the cell. This article describes a selection procedure
      for the isolation of mutants which fail to export this protein. These mutants
      probably result from alterations in the amino terminal 'signal sequence', causing
      the maltose binding protein produced to accumulate in the cytoplasm in its
      precursor form.

PMID- 368650
TI  - Postnatal cerebellar cells of staggerer mutant mice express immature components
      on their surface.

PMID- 368651
TI  - Association of cellular membrane of E. coli minicells with the origins/terminus
      region of replication of plasmid ColEl DNA.

PMID- 368652
TI  - Nerves and genes.

PMID- 368653
TI  - Dioxin: the 10-year battle that began with Agent Orange.

PMID- 368654
TI  - Let us stop regulating DNA research.

PMID- 368655
TI  - Transcription and processing of cloned yeast tyrosine tRNA genes microinjected
      into frog oocytes.
AB  - Xenopus oocytes transcribe cloned yeast tyrosine tRNA genes and process the RNA.
      The processing includes base modifications, addition of the CCA end, and splicing
      of the intervening sequence. The primary transcript has a 5' leader extension
      which varies considerably in seuqence and in length between different tRNATyr
      loci, but is nevertheless present in all of them.

PMID- 368656
TI  - Crystal structure of a eukaryotic initiator tRNA.

PMID- 368657
TI  - A high molecular weight form of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase.

PMID- 368658
TI  - Bacterial flora in the digestive tract of cattle. I. Comparison of nonselective
      culture medium and changes in fecal bacterial flora with age.
AB  - Studies were made on nonselective culture medium and the method of culture for
      the investigation of the bacterial flora in the digestive tract of cattle. With
      their results, further studies were done to clarify changes in the fecal
      bacterial flora in eight calves less than 6 months of age with the lapse of time.
      Three roll-tube media were used in the gas jet method. They were modified VL agar
      (VL medium), rumen fluid glucose cellobiose agar (RGCA medium), and Medium 10 (M
      10). Moreover, glucose liver blood agar (BL medium) was used in the anaerobic jar
      method. In this method the steel wool method was applied after the substitution
      of carbon dioxide. Of the four media used, VL medium was proved to be the most
      efficient. It was followed by RGCA medium and M 10. BL medium was much less
      efficient than any other medium. When the fecal bacterial flora was examined in
      calves for changes with the advance in age, the total bacterial count and the
      enteric bacterial count decreased in the second half of the experimental period.
      The lactobacillary group count remained almost at a constant level of 7
      approximately 9 (logarithmic value) per gram in breast-fed calves, but decreased
      to a level of 5 (logarithmic value) per gram in bottle-fed calves at about 2
      months of age or later. The streptococcal group count showed no particular
      tendency to change. When the organic acid contents of the feces were estimated in
      calves in every stage of growth, the amount of total organic acids and that of
      propionic acid were larger in bottle-fed than in breast-fed calves.

PMID- 368659
TI  - Detection of an R plasmid of incompatibility group H in Salmonella typhimurium of
      bovine origin.

PMID- 368660
TI  - The treatment of the lymphomas.

PMID- 368661
TI  - [Therapeutic possibilities in patients with terminal kidney insufficiency as a
      sequela to diabetic nephropathy].

PMID- 368662
TI  - [The Nobel Prize for Medicine and Physiology in 1978 (Werner Arber, Daniel
      Nathans, Hamilton Smith)].

PMID- 368663
TI  - [Gastrin].

PMID- 368664
TI  - [Leakage of urine following kidney transplantation].

PMID- 368665
TI  - [Antimicrobial therapy of bacterial endocarditis].

PMID- 368666
TI  - [Method of making preparations of chitinized piloreceptors for electron
      microscopic study].

PMID- 368667
TI  - Effects of beta 1-selective and non-selective beta-blockade on blood pressure,
      plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone in hypertensive patients.

PMID- 368668
TI  - A possible relationship between Henoch-Schonlein syndrome and IgA nephropathy
      (Berger's disease). An illustrative case.
AB  - A 29-year-old white male with the Henoch-Schonlein syndrome and rapidly
      progressive glomerulonephritis received a kidney transplant. Postransplant, a
      glomerulonephritis histologically and immunologically indistinguishable from IgA
      nephropathy (Berger's disease) developed in the absence of any extrarenal
      manifestations of the Henoch-Schonlein syndrome. A possible pathogenetic
      interrelationship between these two diseases is discussed.

PMID- 368669
TI  - Treatment of patients with neurological deficits associated with cerebral
      vasospasm by intravascular volume expansion.
AB  - Four patients, including one preoperative patient, developed neurological
      deficits associated with angiographically proven cerebral vasospasm and were
      treated with intravascular volume expansion. Indicator dilution techniques were
      employed to monitor intravascular volume and cardiac functions during treatment.
      All four patients improved promptly. None of the patients developed cardiac or
      pulmonary dysfunction despite marked increase in intravascular volume and despite
      several risk factors such as cardiac symptoms, electrocardiographic
      abnormalities, and advanced age. The techniques of monitoring and controlling
      intravascular volume are described. We believe that this is an important
      therapeutic adjunct for certain aneurysm patients.

PMID- 368670
TI  - Unique aspects of central nervous system immunology.
AB  - In this review the authors discuss three immunologically unique aspects of the
      central nervous system (CNS). The first relates to whether the CNS is really an
      immunologically privileged site. Although still somewhat controversial, the
      answer to that question is that the CNS is, to a large extent, an immunologically
      privileged site. The second unique aspect of the CNS is the origin and
      significance of the microglial cell. Some microglial cells seem to originate from
      the systemic circulation, whereas other microglial cells seem to have a primary
      CNS origin. The function of the microglial cell is that of a macrophage. In
      addition it may play an important role in the immune response of the CNS. Present
      evidence suggests that the microglial cell can be classified as a lymphoreticular
      cell and as such is the only member of this cell type present in the CNS under
      normal circumstances. The final unique aspect of the central nervous system is
      the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Under normal circumstances this fluid is
      essentially acellular, and the only immunoglobulins present are those that are
      passively derived by diffusion from the systemic circulation. However, in
      pathological situations (i.e., demyelinating diseases, infections, and possibly
      even tumors) a local immune response occurs within the CNS and can result in the
      production of immunoglobulins. At present the detection of such local immune
      responses in CSF is predominately of diagnostic value only. However, these local
      CNS immune responses almost certainly play an important role in the pathogenesis
      of the diseases in which they occur.

PMID- 368671
TI  - Perspectives in international neurosurgery: neurosurgery in Colombia.

PMID- 368672
TI  - Effect of clomiphene on the restoration of ovulation in androgen-sterile rats.

PMID- 368673
TI  - Experimental aspects of the cns-insular system.

PMID- 368674
TI  - Enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in gland cells and nerve terminals of the
      adrenal medulla.

PMID- 368675
TI  - An immunohistochemical and radioimmunological study of the distribution of [met5]
      and [leu5]-enkephalin in the gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 368676
TI  - The brain as an endocrine organ.

PMID- 368677
TI  - Damaged goods: dilemmas of responsibility for risk.
AB  - The social and physical institutions of medical practice reflect society's
      acceptance of the physician's preeminent responsibility in determining the
      adequacy of health care. Such confidence evolved from historical circumstances-
      social and scientific--that changed concepts of susceptibility to disease.
      Twentieth century campaigns to control venereal disease exemplify the growing
      conflicts between political and professional control measures. The social and
      economic costs of resolving differential risks, needs, and resources are not
      likely to be accomplished easily and equitably.

PMID- 368678
TI  - [Ergometric evaluation of the therapeutic effect on exercise tolerance of the
      prolonged oral administration of nifedipine in stable effort angina].

PMID- 368679
TI  - [Ergometric evaluation of the therapeutic effect of prolonged oral administration
      of delayed-action verapamil on 20 patients with stable effort angina].

PMID- 368680
TI  - [New therapeutic trends in Mendelson's syndrome. Description of a clinical case].

PMID- 368681
TI  - [Trithiozine and peptic ulcer. Double-blind clinical study].

PMID- 368682
TI  - [Treatment of gastroduodenitis. Controlled evaluation of trithiozine].

PMID- 368683
TI  - [The 1978 Nobel prizes for medicine, physics, and chemistry].

PMID- 368684
TI  - In memoriam Clyde H. Schuyler.

PMID- 368685
TI  - Welfare demands and welfare politics: the case of Raetihi Hospital.

PMID- 368686
TI  - Wilfred Robert Ryburn.

PMID- 368687
TI  - Ruth Marjorie Cruickshank Barclay.

PMID- 368688
TI  - University education for nurses: the first place.

PMID- 368689
TI  - Clarifications on dental medicaid.

PMID- 368690
TI  - New York dentists adapt dental techniques to archeological research.

PMID- 368691
TI  - Is scaling and polishing children's teeth justified?

PMID- 368692
TI  - Genetic variations in proteins of the amniotic fluid.

PMID- 368693
TI  - Hydrocephalus and amenorrhea.
AB  - A 25-year-old woman was seen for the complaint of secondary amenorrhea. Skull
      roentgenograms revealed a markedly enlarged sella turcica. Studies of pituitary
      and hypothalamic function including prolactin were normal. A pneumoencephalogram
      revealed dilated ventricles and a mass in the septum pellucidum and hypothalamus.
      Partial removal of this hypothalamic astrocytoma and placement of an
      interventricular shunt resulted in the return of menses. Recurrent obstruction a
      few months later resulted in headache, disorientation, and amenorrhea. A shunt
      was placed again, resulting in clearing of symptoms and a reestablishment of
      normal menstrual cyclicity. It appears that the occurrence of increased
      intracranial pressure rather than the hypothalamic tumor caused the amenorrhea.

PMID- 368694
TI  - [Characteristics of manifestations of immunologic reactions and the possibilities
      of their early detection after keratoplasty].

PMID- 368695
TI  - [Use of glue for lamellar transplantation of fresh and preserved cornea].

PMID- 368696
TI  - The blindness of Saint Paul.
AB  - The Book of Acts in the Bible relates the story of St Paul's sudden blindness and
      subsequent recovery of vision. St Paul was walking along when he saw a bright
      light; he fell down and awoke blind. He remained blind for three days, at which
      time his vision returned from a "laying on of hands." Numerous theories have been
      proposed to account for this event. A review of the available evidence suggests
      that there are six additional previously unreported possible causes, which are
      enumerated in detail.

PMID- 368697
TI  - Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis.
AB  - The lesions of C2 seen in hyperextension injuries of the cervical spine following
      motor vehicle accidents, diving accidents, and headlong falls resemble the
      cervical lesion found in judicial hangings. Although the mechanism of injury in
      these cervical fractures is different, the distinction is significant. The
      fracture seen in motor vehicular accidents today usually seems to be one of
      hyperextension and axial compression rather than hyperextension and distraction.
      This distinction is responsible for the low incidence of neurologic involvement
      seen in the fracture caused by motor vehicle accidents. The incidence of face and
      scalp injuries associated with axis pedicle fractures appears significant. Union
      of this fracture can generally be expected, and it rarely produces late sequelae.
      Management of this fracture is generally preferable on an ambulatory basis
      utilizing a cervicothoracic brace or a halo and caudal support in more unstable
      fractures. A period of 12 weeks of immobilization is recommended for satisfactory
      union of this fracture. Occasionally the treatment of this fracture may require
      traction or operative intervention. If operative intervention is required, an
      anterior route employing interbody fusion is suggested.

PMID- 368698
TI  - The Arnold-Chiari malformation.

PMID- 368699
TI  - [Histological findings on implant beds after endosseous tantalum implantation in
      the orodental region].

PMID- 368700
TI  - [Clinical testing of the local anesthetic carticaine (Ultracain) in dental
      surgery].

PMID- 368701
TI  - [Prevention in prosthodontics].

PMID- 368702
TI  - Four streptococcal infections traced to anal carrier.

PMID- 368703
TI  - Chlorprothixene (taractan) in post-herpetic neuralgia and other severe chronic
      pains.
AB  - Two trials of chlorprothixene were carried out, mainly on patients with moderate
      to severe post-herpetic neuralgia. When the drug was given as 50 mg b.d. to
      outpatients, unpleasant side-effects were more important than slight effects in
      alleviating pain. When the drug was given as 50 mg 6 hourly to inpatients for 5
      days only, there was alleviation of constant chronic pain in a third of the
      patients; the effect is still lasting over a period of months in a few patients.
      The side-effects during the course of treatment are prominent. It is concluded
      that the drug is worth trying in the course recommended by Farber and Burks [1]
      when other means of controlling postherpetic neuralgia have failed. It would be
      best to give the course only to inpatients.

PMID- 368704
TI  - The estimation of dermal collagen in osteoporotic patients by a histomorphometric
      method.
AB  - Sections of skin biopsies from the dorsum of the hand of patients with
      symptomatic osteoporosis were compared with those of carefully selected age-sex
      matched controls. The amount of dermal collagen in the osteoporotic individuals
      estimated by a histomorphometric method was found to be significantly less and
      severe degrees of collagen loss could be readily identified by microscopic
      examination. Distinct morphological abnormalities of the collagen fibres could
      also be observed in most patients with osteoporosis. This loss of dermal collagen
      is suggested to be the main factor responsible for the decrease in skin fold
      thickness and the frequently striking transparency of skin observed in
      association with osteoporosis.

PMID- 368705
TI  - Obituaries. Edgar Frederick Thomson, 1903-77.

PMID- 368706
TI  - Obituaries. Donald Lancelot Wilhelm.

PMID- 368707
TI  - [Morphology of parietal cells of the stomach body after oral administration of
      methyl ester 15 s-15 methyloprostaglandin E-2 (m-PGE-2S)].

PMID- 368708
TI  - Neurologic aspects of perinatal asphyxia.

PMID- 368709
TI  - Strokes in children.

PMID- 368710
TI  - Pediatric head injuries.

PMID- 368711
TI  - [Syndromes of accelerated bone maturation].

PMID- 368712
TI  - Effects of relaxation training on cursive handwriting of fourth grade students.
AB  - A relaxation method of handwriting improvement was examined. The experimental and
      no-treatment control groups were composed of 10 students receiving a poor rating
      on handwriting characteristics and the normal control group of 10 was composed of
      students receiving average ratings. All three groups received nine trials of
      writing. Only the experimental group received relaxation training during each
      trial. The handwriting of the experimental group improved significantly while
      that of the no-treatment control group remained the same. Although the
      handwriting of the normal control group also improved significantly, at posttest
      they were no longer significantly different from the experimental group.

PMID- 368713
TI  - Machover revisited: impact of sex-role orientation on sex sequence on the draw-a
      person test.
AB  - A significant relationship was obtained between sex of first figure drawn on the
      Draw-A-Person test and sex-role orientation, as operationalized by scores on the
      Bem Sex-role Inventory of 76 males and 93 female introductory psychology
      students. The most striking finding was that most of the women who drew the
      opposite-sex figure first were "feminine." To the extent that sex-role
      orientations can be empirically amalgamated with sex sequence, subsequent theory
      and research into clinical and diagnostic use of human figure drawings would
      increase in precision.

PMID- 368714
TI  - "It hurts red:" a preliminary study of children's perception of pain.
AB  - Children's perception of pain was investigated in an exploratory study. Some
      synaesthetic aspects were examined such as the color of pain, texture, shape,
      pattern and continuous vs intermittent quality. A projective test was developed
      using cartoons to illustrate two situations in which children commonly experience
      pain, a self-administered hammer blow and a doctor-administered needle.
      Interviews were tape-recorded with 58 children in hospital outpatient clinics and
      school situations in Kindergarten and Grades 1 through 3 in Licking County, Ohio.
      Significantly more children perceived the pain of a needle as jagged rather than
      smooth, and the pain of a hammer blow as a continuous rather than on-and-off
      pain. A finding of interest is the consistently greater differentiation in
      synaesthetic perception by the younger group on four of the five variables.
      Synaesthetic perception may be more characteristic of children in Piager's
      preoperational stage (aged 4-6); more cognitively oriented perception may be
      exhibited by 7- to 9-yr.-old children who approximate the stage of concrete
      operations.

PMID- 368715
TI  - Importance of imagery in maintenance of feedback-assisted relaxation over
      extinction trials.
AB  - Two groups of 16 female subjects undergoing frontalis EMG feedback training were
      identified according to whether they used imagery or passive concentration to
      achieve relaxation. The ability of these 2 groups to maintain relaxation during
      extinction sessions 2 and 7 days after termination of training was then
      investigated. Although both groups were equally successful in relaxing the
      frontalis during training, the group using imagery was significantly more
      successful in achieving relaxation during extinction sessions.

PMID- 368716
TI  - Qualitative differences in human figure drawings according to schizophrenic
      subtype.
AB  - Human figure drawings were obtained from 136 adult schizophrenics, of whom 63
      were mentally retarded. The protocols were evaluated independently by three
      jduges for presence of 15 defined features that stressed the quality rather than
      specific content of the drawings. Adequate reliability and frequency were
      established for seven of the parameters, which were then compared for prevalence
      among subgroups classified by diagnosis, preognosis, chronicity, and level of
      retardation. Significant differences appeared for all comparisons and each of the
      analyzed features. The differences among non-retarded schizophrenic subgroups
      seemed to reflect phenomenological distinctions, while differences associated
      with intellectual retardation seemed to represent developmental limitations.
      These data supported the validity of the figure drawing technique for
      distinguishing among schizophrenic subtypes and underscored the importance of
      suitable methodology in evaluating projective measures.

PMID- 368717
TI  - [Cerebral abscess due to fusobacterium necrophorum. Importance of the conditions
      of the sample and of the bacteriologic analysis].

PMID- 368718
TI  - [Pulmonary edema with acute kidney failure. Value of permanent positive pressure
      artificial ventilation and of blood volume expansion].

PMID- 368719
TI  - [Computer-assisted 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy in the routine diagnosis of
      coronary heart disease (author's transl)].
AB  - The aim of the study was to evaluate the validity of 201Tl scanning for clinical
      routine use in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. A computer-aided matrix
      with very high resolution displaying subtle color nuances was used. For semi
      quantitative assessment a scale with 16 colors was applied. This permitted to
      differentiate between changes of intensity of 6.25%. Compared with the ECG on
      exercise no higher sensitivity or specifity of 201Tl scanning was found using
      coronary angiography as the reference method. When a typical angina pectoris and
      a pathological ECG on exercise was present, confirmation of the diagnosis of
      coronary heart disease by scanning was readily obtained. Moreover, in the event
      of equivocal findings in the ECG and of atypical chest pain scanning is helpful
      without having to resort to invasive methods. Additionally to the exercise ECG,
      the location of ischemic areas in the myocardium can be easily demonstrated by
      scanning. When angiography has shown unobstructed coronary arteries but the ECG
      is suggestive of scar formation, scintigraphy provides additional information
      regarding the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. It is also possible by
      scanning to delineate the tissue defect representing fibrotic areas. This is
      necessary for instance when aneurysmectomy is planned.

PMID- 368720
TI  - Microvascular surgery in plastic surgery.

PMID- 368721
TI  - Not to be sneezed at.

PMID- 368722
TI  - People: the nurse of our times (Dame Muriel Powell).

PMID- 368723
TI  - The man behind the minister (David Hedley Ennals).

PMID- 368724
TI  - Domus leprosae--community care in mediaeval England.

PMID- 368725
TI  - Newsmakers; Marjorie Gardener.

PMID- 368726
TI  - History of surgery in India--II.

PMID- 368727
TI  - Famous nurses. Dame Joanna Cruickshank: founder of the RAF Nursing Service.

PMID- 368728
TI  - Tuberculosis: the great leap forward.

PMID- 368729
TI  - The sister who became a 'star.'.

PMID- 368730
TI  - Famous nurses: Agnes Elizabeth Jones, workhouse infirmary reformer.

PMID- 368731
TI  - Community nursing: Dame Muriel was prepared to stop and listen - are we?

PMID- 368732
TI  - Famous nurses: Sarah Wardroper.

PMID- 368734
TI  - [Evaluation of nonlyophilized and lyophilized metabolic antigens of Aspergillus
      fumigatus using the precipitation test].

PMID- 368733
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Alfred Szaro (11 July 1911--30 June 1978)].

PMID- 368735
TI  - Metastatic brain tumors. A guide to management.

PMID- 368736
TI  - Acute infectious diarrhea in children.
AB  - Effective management of acute diarrheal disease depends on an understanding of
      the mechanisms and the pathogens responsible for diminished absorption of water
      from the intestines or increased secretion of water and electrolytes into the
      intestines. Initial therapy consists of fluid management, with hospitalization if
      dehydration is significant. Antibiotics are useful in treating specific disease
      entities, such as shigellosis. Careful attention to clinical status and follow-up
      is essential.

PMID- 368737
TI  - Parental reactions to birth-defective children.

PMID- 368739
TI  - "...And there is nothing new under the sun".

PMID- 368738
TI  - Investigation of macrocytic anemia.
AB  - The three most common causes of macrocytosis--vitamin B12 or folate deficiency,
      liver disease, and reticulocytosis--usually can be differentiated on the basis of
      red cell indexes and morphologic findings. Bone marrow studies are not indicated.
      In reticulocytosis, the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) rarely exceeds ll0 cu mu
      and a reticulocyte count quickly establishes the diagnosis. In liver disease,
      macrocytosis is also mild and uniform. The RBCs are round. In megaloblastic
      anemia, the MCV may exceed 150 cu mu. The RBCs vary considerably in size and
      shape. The macrocytes tend to be oval. Serum vitamin B12 determination remains
      the best test for unmasking vitamin B12 deficiency. It should be ordered in
      conjunction with serum and red cell folate determinations in the course of
      investigating a macrocytic anemia. When vitamin B12 deficiency has been
      established, a Schilling test or plasma uptake test is indicated to pinpoint the
      cause.

PMID- 368740
TI  - Diagnosis of rheumatic disease. 2. Laboratory tests.
AB  - Part 1, which begins on page 64, discusses diagnosis of rheumatic disease by
      radiography. The most popular laboratory tests in rheumatic disease are
      nonspecific and include those based on the formation of autoantibodies.
      Rheumatoid factor assays actually are of little diagnostic help in rheumatoid
      arthritis, but antinuclear antibody tests have become mandatory for
      identification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Studies based on immune complexes
      and cell immunity are valuable in specific clinical situations.

PMID- 368741
TI  - The physiological action of progesterone and the pharmacological effects of
      progestogens--a short review.
AB  - Substances described as progestogens differ greatly in their additional
      properties, which determine the limitations of their clinical use. The
      extrapolation of animal assays to human use requires caution, since synergism
      with oestrogens, which is usually necessary, shows widely-differing species
      specific ratios. In other ratios, progestogens are often antagonistic to
      oestrogens.

PMID- 368742
TI  - Review of the status of oestrogen replacement therapy.
AB  - Oestrogen treatment of climacteric disorders, chiefly with formulations based on
      oestradiol or oestrone, which cause much less metabolic disturbance than
      synthetic oestrogens, is now widely accepted. Physiological replacement requires
      a blood production rate approaching 0.5 mg/day. Deleterious effects of oestrogen
      loss are known, but the appropriate scale of long-term prophylaxis with
      oestrogens is controversial. Evidence for a risk of endometrial carcinoma from
      unopposed oestrogen therapy is inconclusive but has focused attention on the
      concurrent use of progestogens, which is rising rapidly but is at present no more
      than 10%.

PMID- 368743
TI  - Experimental and clinical data indicating the psychotropic properties of
      progestogens.
AB  - Investigations of the psychotropic effects of progestogens employing the
      technique of quantitative pharmaco-EEG indicated that progestogens produce a
      profile similar to that of the minor tranquillizers. Healthy volunteers received
      single oral doses in a double-blind controlled study. A short review of the
      clinical literature adds support to the suggestion that progestogens have
      sedative properties.

PMID- 368745
TI  - Advances in virology.

PMID- 368744
TI  - Comparative trial of perhexiline maleate and oxprenolol in patients with angina
      pectoris.
AB  - A random single-blind study of oxprenolol against perhexiline has been undertaken
      in angina pectoris. Both drugs were effective in treatment (P less than 0.01) but
      perhexiline was better than oxprenolol (P less than 0.05), 12 of the 14 patients
      preferring perhexiline. Offset against this was the greater incidence of side
      effects with perhexiline, including one patient who later developed peripheral
      neuropathy. Despite the greater efficacy of perhexiline, it is suggested that
      side effects should preclude its routine prescription as a drug of first choice
      in angina pectoris. It should remain of value in the special situations of
      resistant angina and angina with heart failure or bronchospasm, when its use
      should be carefully monitored for these side effects.

PMID- 368746
TI  - Advances in the investigation and treatment of liver disease.

PMID- 368747
TI  - Advances in cryobiology.

PMID- 368748
TI  - Advances in medical genetics.

PMID- 368749
TI  - Advances in radiotherapy.

PMID- 368750
TI  - Advances in rehabilitation. Rehabilitative medicine in a more sustainable
      society.

PMID- 368751
TI  - The editors of Brain.

PMID- 368752
TI  - Cephalexin in the prevention of recurrent cystitis.

PMID- 368753
TI  - After Missolonghi Julius Millingen, M.R.C.S.(Edin).

PMID- 368754
TI  - Meditation: a psychological approach to cancer treatment.

PMID- 368756
TI  - Mr Punch and medicine in the 1840s.

PMID- 368755
TI  - Topical miconazole cream in infantile napkin dermatitis.

PMID- 368757
TI  - [The serological diagnosis of syphilis (author's transl)].

PMID- 368758
TI  - [Interrelationship between the pineal gland and the hypothalamo-hypophyseal
      complex. IV. Effect of pinealectomy on the luteinizing function of the rat
      pituitary].
AB  - The effect of pinealectomy on the luteinizing function of the hypophysis was
      studied in sexually mature rats. Following pinealectomy or sham operation rats
      were blinded in one experimental series, and both blinded and ovariectomized--in
      another series. Blood LH was determined radioimmunologically with hard-phase
      immunosorbent produced from antiserum. Pinealectomy does not alter the basic
      blood LH concentration in the blinded male and female animals. In comparison with
      the sham operated rats, LH mobilization from the hypophysis was elevated in the
      blinded ovariectomized rats with removed pineal gland under the action of the
      maximal LH-releasing hormone dose (200 ng per rat). In comparison with the
      initial, the hormone concentration increased in control group by 189%, and in the
      pinealectomized--by 301%. Pinealectomy intensified the autopotentiating action of
      the LH-releasing hormone (in repeated administration in 60 min) to 1119%, whereas
      in control rats an increase of the blood LH in response to the repeated
      adminstration of the LH-releasing hormone constituted 730% in comparison with the
      initial level. Pinealectomy decreased the inhibitory action of actidion on the
      autopotentiating effect of the LH-releasing hormone. Besides, pinealectomy
      accelerated the I125-LH elimination from the circulation in the blinded female
      rats = 7 min). It is supposed that LH biosynthesis was more active in the
      hypophysis of pinealectomized rats.

PMID- 368759
TI  - [Biological properties of synthetic somatostatin].
AB  - Complex work on the assessment of biological properties of somatostatin
      synthesized according to a new original method was carried out. Its inhibitory
      action on the TTH, growth hormone and insulin secretion was demonstrated in vivo
      and in vitro. As a rule, somatostatin effect was expressed against the background
      of stimulated hormone secretion, although basal secretion inhibition was observed
      with respect to insulin, The inhibitory action of somatostatin on the hormonal
      secretion was direct, not mediated through any regulating factors.

PMID- 368760
TI  - [Research results and prospects in the field of experimental leukemia
      chemotherapy].

PMID- 368761
TI  - [Definition of a test for the HBs-antigen in blood preparations].

PMID- 368762
TI  - [Epidemiological importance of bovine tuberculosis for rural inhabitants].

PMID- 368763
TI  - [Clinical pharmacology of isoniazid (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 368764
TI  - [Effectiveness of pyridinolcarbamate in the overall treatment of infiltrative and
      cavernous-fibrous pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 368765
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the action of atropine, ephedrine and alupent on the
      contractile function of the heart in pulmonary tuberculosis with disordered
      bronchial patency].

PMID- 368766
TI  - [Experimental and clinical justification for the use of the electrocumulation of
      antitubercular preparation aerosols in treating pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 368767
TI  - [Modification of cavernoplasty for treatment of extensive fibrous-cavernous
      pulmonary tuberculosis and "abacterial" caverns].

PMID- 368768
TI  - [Effect of osteoplasty on the growth and deformity of the spine in children with
      tuberculous spondylitis].

PMID- 368769
TI  - Haemodialysis without heparin.
AB  - Despite the use of heparin, activation of platelets on the artificial surface of
      dialyser membranes results in thrombus formation, microembolisation and
      thrombocytopenia. To assess the effects on these events of prostacyclin, three
      groups of healthy greyhounds were dialysed with heparin, heparin plus
      prostacyclin or prostacyclin alone. The use of prostacyclin, either alone or with
      heparin, abolished microembolisation from the dialyser and prevented
      thrombbocytopenia. With prostacyclin dialysis could be carried out without
      heparin and there was no clotting of blood within the extracorporeal circuit nor
      any change in tests of haemostasis.

PMID- 368770
TI  - Androgen trial in renal anaemia.
AB  - A double blind cross-over trial of Nandrolone decanoate (Decadurabolin) was
      carried out in 27 patients with anaemia due to end stage renal disease,
      stabilised on regular haemodialysis. Sixteen patients completed the study, the
      other patients being excluded from the final analysis for a variety of reasons
      including side effects related to the androgen. There was no sustained
      significant rise in haemoglobin concentration or in red cell mass. Erythropoietin
      levels did not alter, they were within or below the normal range, but were lower
      than would be expected for the degree of anaemia. A majority of patients reported
      increased well-being including exercise tolerance, appetite and libido. Voice
      changes and hirsutism were noted, mainly in the females. Instability of
      anticoagulant therapy and abnormalities in liver function were found in some
      patients. The benefits, though real, were restricted essentially to the
      improvement in subjective findings and were unrelated to laboratory measurements.
      These effects might be obtained with a lower dosage of the drug.

PMID- 368772
TI  - Sex hormone changes underlying menstrual disturbances on haemodialysis.
AB  - Sequential changes in luteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone
      (FSH), oestradiol (E2), progesterone (PROG), prolactin (PRL) and testosterone (T)
      were studied throughout the menstrual cycle in ten women on regular
      haemodialysis. At the time of study seven women were menstruating and three had
      secondary amenorrhoea. Only one patient had regular menses. In none of the 15
      cycles studied was there a normal luteal phase with an adequate PROG rise,
      although 9 cycles (4 patients) had E2 changes suggesting that ovulation may have
      occurred. Increased PRL and T levels were found in 9 and 6 women respectively.
      These hormonal abnormalities can be related to the menstrual disturbances and
      explain the low fertility seen in these patients. Bromocriptine or prednisolone
      may prove useful in their treatment.

PMID- 368771
TI  - Treatment of psoriasis with dialysis.
AB  - Five patients with psoriasis were treated with haemodialysis. Dialysis therapy
      was initiated for subsequent development of uraemia in three cases. All of these
      had successful renal transplants without recurrence of psoriasis while being
      maintained on post-transplant anti-rejection regimens. Two other cases were
      haemodialysed, not for uraemia but primarily for psoriasis. One case had moderate
      improvement of psoriasis after twice-weekly dialysis for two months while the
      second had no objective improvement up to one month after a single haemodialysis
      treatment.

PMID- 368774
TI  - The clinical and biological significance of the HLA system.

PMID- 368773
TI  - Combined report on regular dialysis and transplantation in Europe, VIII, 1977.

PMID- 368775
TI  - A new predictive factor for the outcome of renal transplantation.
AB  - The cell mediated immunity (CMI) of a group of patients on regular haemodialysis
      was measured using a modified dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) skin test. The strength
      of the reaction was graded from 0 to 15 on an objective scale which we called the
      DNCB index. This index was much reduced in the dialysis patients in comparison
      with a group of healthy controls. Thirty-six dialysis patients were subsequently
      transplanted and graft survival was assessed at six months. A significantly
      higher graft failure rate was observed in those with a strong skin reaction than
      in those with a weak or absent response (P less than 0.01). While the mean DNCB
      is much lower than normal in dialysis patients, there is a wide variation within
      this group. We have found that the DNCB index correlates well with renal
      allograft survival suggesting that this skin test has value in the prediction of
      transplant outcome.

PMID- 368776
TI  - Complement components, degradation products and immune complexes after kidney
      transplantation.
AB  - Levels of complement components and the presence of immune complexes were
      determined in blood samples from 23 patients is a function of time after kidney
      transplantation. During the first three post-transplantation weeks a decrease in
      the concentration of plasma C3 with a simultaneous increase of one of its
      breakdown products (C3d) was generally observed. This pattern often accompanied
      acute rejection episodes beyond 4 weeks after transplantation, while in the
      absence of complications normal and stable levels prevailed. In contrast, the
      presence of circulating immune complexes appeared not to correlate with rejection
      reactions. All 7 cases with detectable immune complexes presented with various
      concomitant neoplastic (renal carcinoma, Kaposi sarcoma) or infectious diseases
      (pneumonia, septicaemia, Herpes zoster or Cytomegalovirus infection). Thus,
      monitoring of plasma C3 and C3d may represent a helpful additional criterion for
      the assessment of acute rejection in recipients of kidney allografts; the
      presence of circulating immune complexes, although not correlating with graft
      rejection, may be taken as a sign of complicating additional disease.

PMID- 368777
TI  - E antigen in the serum of HBs antigen-positive patients on maintenance dialysis
      and after transplantation.
AB  - The 'e antigen' (eAg) is specifically associated with hepatitis B virus
      infections and appears to be a marker for the infectivity and a prognostic
      indicator of the chronicity of liver disease. Therefore we examined by
      immunodiffusion the presence of eAg in the seum of HBsAg-positive patients on
      maintenance dialysis. The dialysis patients had a significantly higher incidence
      of positive eAg compared with a group of unselected HBsAg-positive patients
      without renal failure. In most of the dialysis patients the microscopic findings
      in the liver revealed only 'minimal changes'. Three eAg-positive patients
      received a renal transplant. Afterwards they displayed an appreciably increased
      eAg-yield on immunodiffusion and histology revealed chronic persistent hepatitis.
      It is assumed therefore that the immunodeficiency of patients undergoing chronic
      haemodialysis is possibly a supporting factor in the synthesis of eAg, and will
      perhaps induce a more subscute and prolonged course of hepatitis. The synthesis
      of eAg after renal transplantation may be enhanced by the additional
      immunosuppressive therapy.

PMID- 368778
TI  - One thousand prospective cadaveric renal transplant donors.
AB  - In a community where cadaveric renal transplantation is the mainstay for the
      treatment of chronic renal failure a review of 1,000 prospective cadaveric renal
      donors shows that failure by the medical and surgical teams in the intensive care
      units to notify the transplant team every time of a potential donor is the major
      cause for the lack of donor organs. Lack of consent by the donor's relatives is
      also a significant factor but is less common when the donor is brain dead on a
      ventilator than when they still have spontaneous respiration. Gradually the
      transplant team is persuading their colleagues in medicine and trauma to help but
      at the present rate of progress it will be another decade before enough kidneys
      are available.

PMID- 368779
TI  - Long-term results in children following dialysis and renal transplantation.
AB  - Since 1966, 93 children in end-stage renal disease, aged between 5 and 16 years
      were treated by a combined programme of dialysis and transplantation. In 91
      patients treatment of uraemia was started either as hospital or home
      haemodialysis, until now covering more than 90 dialysis years. Forty-one children
      were transplanted. Twenty children died during dialysis treatment, 7 after renal
      transplantation. Sixty-six children are currently alive, 25 with a functioning
      graft, 28 are treated by hospital dialysis, 13 by home haemodialysis. Eighty
      three per cent of the patients on hospital dialysis are classified in
      rehabilitation category 2 according to the EDTA categories, and all children on
      home dialysis and those with functioning grafts, category 1.

PMID- 368780
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic study of hyperacute rejection in the inbred rat.
AB  - Twenty skin-presensitised Lewis rats received kidney transplants from (Lewis X
      BN)f1 rats. Two grafts each were withdrawn at intervals from 1--120 min and
      examined using a scanning electron microscopic (SEM). A series of Lewis to Lewis
      isografts served as control. In hyperacute rejection at just 1 min spider-like
      fibrin fibres and platelets could be observed in small arteries, where the
      endothelium was severely altered. In these regions at 2 and particularly 5 min a
      fibrin network often contained platelet aggregates, mechanically altered
      erythrocytes as well as different kinds of leucocytes. This coagulation process
      progressed with time and resulted in a complete vascular occlusion at 30--60 min.

PMID- 368781
TI  - Fine-needle aspiration cytology in the prediction and diagnosis of acute
      rejection episodes in man.
AB  - The rate of spontaneous proliferative activity of blood leucocytes, the presence
      of donor-directed cytotoxic cells in the circulation of transplant recipients and
      the fine-needle aspiration cytology of the transplant have been evaluated for the
      monitoring of acute rejection episodes in 8 recipients of cadaver kidney
      transplants. We could not find any correlation between the rate of proliferative
      activity of the appearance of cytotoxic cells in the recipients' circulation on
      the one hand, and the onset of rejection on the other hand. A detectable blast
      response, consisting of lymphoblasts and plasmablasts could, however, be seen
      inside the kidney parenchyma during the early stages of rejection. We propose
      that the blast response could be used for the monitoring of rejection episodes in
      kidney transplant recipients.

PMID- 368782
TI  - The significance of vascular anomalies in human renal transplantation.
AB  - In a review of 250 consecutive human cadaveric kidney transplants the primary
      failure rate of donor kidneys with an anatomically abnormal blood supply was
      36.7% as compared with 16.2% for kidneys with a single artery and vein (P less
      than 0.001). The incidence of primary failure due to renal vascular thrombosis in
      the abnormal group was 24.2%, compared with 4.1% in the normal group (P greater
      than 0.001). A significantly greater incidence of anastomotic haemorrhage and
      urinary leak was also associated with an abnormal blood supply in the donor
      kidney.

PMID- 368783
TI  - Prevention of upper gastrointestinal complications after kidney transplantation.
AB  - In 94 renal transplant patients, the incidence and mortality rate of upper
      gastrointestinal complications was lower than in 11 other reports comprising over
      three thousand patients. This difference may be due to the smaller doses of
      prednisolone used. Duodenal ulcer and erosive gastritis were the commonest
      lesions and 73% occurred in the first 6 months after operation. In 131 transplant
      candidates, gastric assessment including endoscopy showed 34 (26%) had peptic
      ulceration prior to operation. In 130 subjects (38 renal transplant, 68 chronic
      uraemia, 24 controls), pentagastrin tests showed acid hypersecretion in uraemic
      patients undergoing dialysis (P less than 0.02) and a tendency for acid output to
      decrease after operation (P less than 0.005). In 8 transplant patients with
      duodenal ulcer, preliminary experience with prophylactic cimetidine has been
      favorable. Upper gastrointestinal complications after renal transplantation are
      likely to be lessened by, a) use of less prednisolone in the early post
      transplant phase; b) pre-transplant gastric assessment and c) the use of a safe
      and effective antisecretory drug in those with duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 368784
TI  - Long term observation of ocular findings after renal transplantation.

PMID- 368785
TI  - Rupture of the allografted kidney--is repair possible?
AB  - Allograft rupture after transplantation is an uncommon but serious complication.
      A review of the literature suggests a significant mortality and very high
      incidence of graft loss. Data will be presented which suggests that conservative
      management of the allograft rupture is possible.

PMID- 368786
TI  - Enhanced prostacyclin availability of blood vessels in uraemic humans and rats.
AB  - Recently prostacyclin (PHI2), an unstable prostaglandin with a strong inhibitory
      effect on platelet aggregation, has been demonstrated in the wall of blood
      vessels. We estimated the PGI2 availability of arteries and veins in 10 uraemic
      patients and 12 nephrectomised rats. The production of PGI2 after long-term
      incubation of the vessels was markedly enhanced and prolonged. This alteration is
      probably one key mechanism for the deterioration of haemostasis in uraemics.
      Preliminary results of further studies indicate that substances in uraemic plasma
      -presumably middle molecules--may enhance the PGI2 availability of normal vessels
      in vitro.

PMID- 368787
TI  - Vascular factors in the pathogenesis of uraemic bleeding.
AB  - To determine the possible role of vascular factors in the bleeding tendency of
      uraemic patients, three major factors of the haemostatic system normally present
      in vascular tissues were studied. Factor VIII-related protein (F VIII) was
      detected on the vascular intima of 13 patients and 10 normal subjects. Comparable
      values of plasminogen activator (PA) were found in tissue slices from 7 patients
      and 7 controls. In contrast, prostacyclin like (PGI2) activity, measured as
      platelet aggregation inhibitory potency, was significantly higher in specimens
      from 15 patients with either acute or chronic uraemia than in 10 controls. The
      latter abnormality, leading to impaired platelet-vessel wall interaction, might
      contribute to the disturbed haemostasis of uraemic patients.

PMID- 368788
TI  - Urinary fibrin degradation products--a three year comparative study.
AB  - Urinary fibrin degradation products (FDP) were determined by Merskey's passive
      haemagglutination test in 115 patients with biopsy proven chronic proliferative
      glomerulonephritis (GN), 94 with urinary tract infection (UTI), and 23
      transplanted patients. The active GN values (12.3 microgram/ml) are significantly
      higher than those for latent GN (0.3 microgram/ml). Those for acute UTI (9.2
      microgram/ml) are significantly higher than for chronic UTI (1.3 microgram/ml).
      In contrast to the reports published by others, the numerous 'false positive' and
      'false negative' values make diagnosis of the activity unreliable. Some
      prognostic value can be expected in GN with the nephrotic syndrome (NS): patients
      with steroid-sensitive NS excrete no FDP and patients with steroid-resistant NS
      excrete larger quantities of FDP. We have confirmed that a rise in FDP level
      following kidney transplantation is indicative of an acute rejection crisis.
      However, since 10 of 27 rejections were FDP negative, the absence of FDP in the
      urine does not preclude rejection, so that the diagnostic value is restricted.

PMID- 368789
TI  - HBsAg immune complex glomerulonephritis.
AB  - Out of 97 patients with various forms of glomerulonephritis 10 were found to be
      HBsAg seropositive. None of these showed HBsAg immunodeposits within the kidney.
      Direct immunofluorescent kidney staining for HBsAg was observed in 4 out of 87
      HBsAg seronegative patients. The HBsAg staining in kidneys was a false positive
      reaction due to binding of the Fc portion of the fluoresceinated IgG molecules to
      the IgM RF tissue deposits. The false positive reaction for HBsAg is not revealed
      by the usual specificity controls for fluorescence staining. The role of HBsAg in
      glomerulonephritis remains unproven.

PMID- 368790
TI  - Current status of the management of renal osteodystrophy.

PMID- 368791
TI  - Computed tomography as an aid to diagnosis in renal disease and transplantation.

PMID- 368792
TI  - Thyroid function in chronic renal failure, haemodialysis, and transplant
      patients.

PMID- 368793
TI  - Serum ferritin concentrations in children with chronic renal failure.

PMID- 368794
TI  - Combined report on regular dialysis and transplantation of children in Europe,
      1977.

PMID- 368795
TI  - Modulation of ornithine decarboxylase activity in Escherichia coli by positive
      and negative effectors.
AB  - Two effectors of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC; L-ornithine carboxy-lyase, EC
      4.1.1.17) have been extracted from an ODC- (speC-) mutant, Escherichia coli MA
      255. One of these is an ODC inhibitor (Mr 15,000 +/- 2000) that is labile to
      trypsin; its activity increases 20-fold in response to increased polyamine levels
      in the growth medium. It has additional characteristics similar to those of the
      ODC antizyme of eukaryote cells: it is a noncompetitive inhibitor of ODC; the
      complex formed between ODC and the ODC inhibitor can be dissociated with salt to
      provide active ODC and active ODC inhibitor; furthermore, this E. coli ODC
      inhibitor is inhibitory to eukaryote ODC. A thermostable nondialyzable factor
      that activates ODC in vitro has also been extracted from MA255; increased
      polyamine levels in the growth medium caused a 1.6-fold increase in the activity
      of this ODC activator. Effectors with comparable activities have also been
      identified in the parent ODC+ (speC+) strain MA197. The fluctuations of the
      intracellular levels of these two ODC effectors during the growth of E. coli
      MA255 have been related to the temporal changes of the activity of ODC in the
      parent ODC+ MA197 strain. The mode of interaction of these three macromolecules,
      as reflected in the changes of the activity of ODC, appears to be complex. The
      results suggest that ODC activity may be controlled post-translationally by
      macromolecules that act as positive and negative effectors and whose levels
      fluctuate in response to the concentration of the end products of the reaction.

PMID- 368796
TI  - Escherichia coli recA gene product inactivates phage lambda repressor.
AB  - Phage lambda repressor is inactivated and cleaved into two detectable fragments
      during incubation with purified Escherichia coli recA gene protein in vitro, in a
      reaction that requires ATP. This reaction reproduces the recA-dependent
      inactivation of repressor that occurs in vivo during induction of the SOS
      functions. The proteolytic activity may reside in the recA protein itself and may
      be a fundamental activity of it.

PMID- 368797
TI  - DNA sequence of the araBAD promoter in Escherichia coli B/r.
AB  - The L-arabinose operon in Escherichia coli is a model system for the study of the
      control of gene expression. Maximal expression of the araBAD operon requires two
      positive control components: the araC protein-L-arabinose complex and the cyclic
      AMP receptor protein-cyclic AMP complex. Both araC protein and cyclic AMP
      receptor protein are required for the initiation of transcription of araBAD mRNA.
      We have used the plasmid pBR322 as a vector for cloning DNA fragments that
      contain the araBAD promoter. The cloned ara fragments were identified by both
      physical and genetic tests. A restriction map was constructed and the DNA
      sequence of the promoter was determined. The promoter contains a site that is
      similar to the RNA polymerase recognition sites in the galactose and lactose
      operons. It also contains a region similar to the known cyclic AMP receptor
      protein binding sites in the galactose and lactose operons.

PMID- 368798
TI  - Absolute configuration of the diastereomers of adenosine 5'-O-(1
      thiotriphosphate): consequences for the stereochemistry of polymerization by DNA
      dependent RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli.
AB  - The diastereomers of uridyl-(3'-5')adenyl-O,O-phosphorothioate [Up(S)A] have been
      separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Their identification as RP
      and SP follows from the RNase A digestion of these products. It was then shown,
      by the same method, that the R isomer is hydrolyzed by snake venom
      phosphodiesterase (PDEase) approximately 500 times faster than the S isomer.
      Similarly, the stereoisomer of adenosine 5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate) (ATPalphaS),
      until now arbitrarily designated as isomer B, is hydrolyzed ca 400 times faster
      by PDEase than is isomer A. From these results it is concluded that the R isomers
      of Up(S)A and ATPalphaS, isomers B, have the same absolute configuration. It then
      follows that isomer A of ATPalphaS, the preferred of the two isomers as substrate
      for DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, has the S configuration. The implications for
      the stereochemistry of action of the latter enzyme are discussed.

PMID- 368799
TI  - Complete nucleotide sequence of a 16S ribosomal RNA gene from Escherichia coli.
AB  - The complete nucleotide sequence of the 16S RNA gene from the rrnB cistron of
      Escherichia coli has been determined by using three rapid DNA sequencing methods.
      Nearly all of the structure has been confirmed by two to six independent sequence
      determinations on both DNA strands. The length of the 16S rRNA chain inferred
      from the DNA sequence is 1541 nucleotides, in close agreement with previous
      estimates. We note discrepancies between this sequence and the most recent
      version of it reported from direct RNA sequencing [Ehresmann, C., Stiegler, P.,
      Carbon, P. & Ebel, J.P. (1977) FEBS Lett. 84, 337-341]. A few of these may be
      explained by heterogeneity among 16S rRNA sequences from different cistrons. No
      nucleotide sequences were found in the 16S rRNA gene that cannot be reconciled
      with RNase digestion products of mature 16S rRNA.

PMID- 368800
TI  - Single base-pair alterations in the Escherichia coli trp operon leader region
      that relieve transcription termination at the trp attenuator.
AB  - We have isolated a set of regulatory mutants defective in transcription
      termination at the attenuator in the leader region of the Escherichia coli
      tryptophan (trp) operon. In vivo the mutants have 2- to 4-fold increased levels
      of expression of the trp operon above the level of the trpR parental strain.
      These levels are increased an additional 1.5- to 2-fold when the mutants are
      starved of tryptophan. Transcription termination at the trp attenuator was
      analyzed in vitro with DNA restriction fragments containing the termination
      relief mutations. Whereas the frequency of readthrough transcription beyond the
      termination site is 5% with the wild-type DNA template, it is 46-76% when mutant
      DNAs are used as templates. The base change in the leader region of each mutant
      was determined by RNA and/or DNA sequencing. All the changes were between base
      pairs +116 and +132, in the G-C-rich segment of the leader region. The RNA
      residues between +114 and +134 of the leader transcript can form a stable stem
      and loop structure [deltaG approximately equal to -20 kcal (-84 kJ)]. All of the
      termination-relief mutations destabilize this structure (deltaG approximately
      equal to -9.0 to -10.5 kcal). These results suggest that the efficiency of
      transcription termination may be dependent on the integrity of the secondary
      structure of the above segment of the transcript of the leader region.

PMID- 368802
TI  - Mechanism of action of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex from
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The extent of cooperativity among the polypeptide chain components in the overall
      reaction catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex from
      Escherichia coli has been studied. Selective inactivation of the pyruvate
      dehydrogenase component with thiamin thiazolone pyrophosphate demonstrates that
      no cooperativity between this component and the overall catalytic reaction
      occurs: the amount of overall complex activity is directly proportional to the
      fraction of active pyruvate dehydrogenase component. The transacetylase component
      has two lipoic acid residues on each of its polypeptide chains that can be
      modified by N-[(3)H]ethylmaleimide in the presence of pyruvate and thiamin
      pyrophosphate. The kinetics of the loss of overall complex activity due to
      modification of the lipoyl residues on the transacetylase component by maleimide
      reagents shows that not all lipoic acids are coupled into the overall catalytic
      reaction and that acyl-group and electron pair transfer involving two or more
      lipoic acids per catalytic cycle must occur. Finally, full complex activity is
      found when only half the normal flavin content is present. The results indicate
      that extensive communication among lipoic acids in acyl-group and electron pair
      transfer must exist in the normal catalytic mechanism. These results are
      consistent with the average distances between catalytic sites measured by energy
      transfer experiments.

PMID- 368801
TI  - Energy coupling in DNA gyrase and the mechanism of action of novobiocin.
AB  - Escherichia coli DNA gyrase catalyzes negative supercoiling of closed duplex DNA
      at the expense of ATP. Two additional activities of the enzyme that have
      illuminated the energy coupling component of the supercoiling reaction are the
      DNA-dependent hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and P(i) and the alteration by ATP of the
      DNA site specificity of the gyrase cleavage reaction. This cleavage of both DNA
      strands results from treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate of the stable gyrase
      DNA complex that is trapped by the inhibitor oxolinic acid. Either ATP or a
      nonhydrolyzable analogue, adenyl-5'-yl-imidodiphosphate (App[NH]p), shifts the
      primary cleavage site on ColE1 DNA. The prevention by novobiocin and coumermycin
      A(1) of this cleavage rearrangement places the site of action of the antibiotics
      at a reaction step prior to ATP hydrolysis. The step blocked is the binding of
      ATP because coumermycin A(1) and novobiocin interact competitively with ATP in
      the ATPase and supercoiling assays; the K(i) values are more than four orders of
      magnitude less than the K(m) for ATP. This simple mechanism accounts for all
      effects of the drugs on DNA gyrase. Studies with App[NH]p, another potent
      competitive inhibitor of reactions catalyzed by gyrase, show that cleavage of a
      high energy bond is not required for driving DNA into the higher energy
      supercoiled form. With substrate levels of gyrase, App[NH]p induces supercoiling
      that is proportional to the amount of enzyme; a -0.3 superhelical turn was
      introduced per gyrase protomer A. We postulate that ATP and App[NH]p are
      allosteric effectors of a conformational change of gyrase that leads to one round
      of supercoiling. Nucleotide dissociation favored by hydrolysis of ATP returns
      gyrase to its original conformation and thereby permits enzyme turnover. Such
      cyclic conformational changes accompanying alteration in nucleotide affinity also
      seem to be a common feature of energy transduction in other diverse processes
      including muscle contraction, protein synthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation.

PMID- 368803
TI  - An Escherichia coli mutant with an amino acid alteration within the signal
      sequence of outer membrane prolipoprotein.
AB  - Lipoprotein has been purified from an Escherichia coli strain carrying a mutation
      in the structural gene for murein lipoprotein (mlpA). Amino acid analysis of the
      purified mutant lipoprotein indicates that the mutant lipoprotein corresponds to
      the uncleaved prolipoprotein with a single amino acid replacement of glycine with
      aspartic acid. Automated Edman degradation has established the precise location
      of this amino acid substitution to be at the 14th residue of the prolipoprotein.
      This alteration in the signal sequence of prolipoprotein results in a failure of
      the mutated prolipoprotein to be processed. Furthermore, the structural
      alteration in the mutant lipoprotein appears also to have affected its
      topological localization in the mutant cell. Whereas lipoprotein in the wild-type
      strain is exclusively located in the outer membrane of the cell envelope, the
      membrane-bound lipoprotein in this mutant is recovered in both the inner and
      outer membranes of the cell envelope. The data suggest, however, that proteolytic
      cleavage of prolipoprotein to form mature lipoprotein is not essential for the
      translocation and assembly of lipoprotein into the outer membrane.

PMID- 368804
TI  - Laser Raman evidence for new cloverleaf secondary structures for eukaryotic 5.8S
      RNA and prokaryotic 5S RNA.
AB  - Neither of the two previously proposed secondary structures for eukaryotic 5.8S
      RNA is consistent with the present laser Raman results. A new, highly stable
      "cloverleaf" secondary structure not only fits the Raman data but also accounts
      for previously determined enzymatic partial cleavage patterns, base sequence and
      pairing homologies, and G-C and A-U base pair numbers and ratios. The new
      cloverleaf model also conserves several structural features (constant loops,
      bulges, and stems) consistent with known 5.8S RNA functions. Finally, we propose
      a similar new cloverleaf secondary structure for Escherichia coli 5S RNA,
      consonant with many known properties of prokaryotic 5S RNA.

PMID- 368805
TI  - Identification of tubulin from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A tubulin-like protein was identified in the lower eukaryote Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae. The following criteria were used: (i) copolymerization of the 35S
      labeled yeast protein with porcine brain tubulin; (ii) immunoprecipitation of the
      35S-labeled yeast protein with antiflagellar tubulin antibody; (iii) the presence
      of the yeast protein as a constituent of isolated yeast nuclei; and (iv)
      splitting of the yeast protein in a gel electrophoretic system containing sodium
      dodecyl sulfate that resolved the alpha- and beta-tubulin chains from other
      sources. This protein did not appear to have significant affinity for the plant
      alkaloid, Colcemid.

PMID- 368806
TI  - Different intermediate-sized filaments distinguished by immunofluorescence
      microscopy.
AB  - The major protein of intermediate-sized filaments in mouse 3T3 cells, for which
      the name vimentin is proposed, has a molecular weight of 57,000. Antibodies
      against vimentin and antibodies against prekeratin have been used in parallel in
      immunofluorescence microscopy on a variety of cultured cells as well as on frozen
      tissue sections. Both antibodies decorate extended wavy arrays of filaments that
      are different from microfilaments and microtubules. Intermediate filament bundles
      decorated by antibodies against prekeratin are predominant in many epithelial
      cells, including epithelia-derived tumor cells, and are not decorated by
      antibodies to vimentin. In contrast, intermediate filaments decorated by
      antibodies against vimentin are widespread among nonmuscle cells of mesenchymal
      origin, including transformed cells, and also occur in other cells. Perinuclear
      whorls of aggregates of intermediate filaments induced by prolonged treatment
      with Colcemid generally show strong decoration with antibodies against vimentin.
      No significant reaction with either antiserum has been observed in muscle
      structures or in brain nerve tissue. These observations show that intermediate
      filaments with similar ultrastructure and solubility characteristics can be
      distinguished immunologically.

PMID- 368807
TI  - Biogenesis of peroxisomes: intracellular site of synthesis of catalase and
      uricase.
AB  - The intracellular site of synthesis of two peroxisomal enzymes of rat liver,
      uricase (urate:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.7.3.3) and catalase (hydrogen
      peroxide:hydrogen peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.6), has been localized on
      free ribosomes and not membrane-bound ribosomes. Free polysomes and membrane
      bound polysomes, prepared by classical cell fractionation techniques from rat
      liver, were incubated for protein synthesis in a cell-free system derived from
      rabbit reticulocytes. Characterization of the total translation products by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate, as well as by
      immunoprecipitation with anti-rat albumin anti-serum, confirmed that good
      separation of the two polysome classes was achieved. Uricase and catalase were
      immunoprecipitable from translation products directed by free polysomes or phenol
      extracted free polysomal mRNA but not from products of membrane-bound polysomes.
      Furthermore, unlike albumin, nascent uricase and catalase were not
      cotranslationally segregated by dog pancreas microsomal membranes. The results
      indicate that uricase and catalase are transferred to the interior of peroxisomes
      by a post-translational mechanism; an hypothesis is formulated here for the
      biogenesis of peroxisomes.

PMID- 368808
TI  - Bacteriophage lambda carrying the Escherichia coli chromosomal region of the
      replication origin.
AB  - A transducing phage lambdaasn was isolated. The late gene region of its genome
      was found to have been substituted by an Escherichia coli chromosomal segment
      containing the genes bgIR, bgIC, glmS, uncA, and asn. Restriction endonuclease
      cleavage mapping and electron microscopic analysis of the lambdaasn DNA revealed
      that the size of the bacterial segment is approximately 1.75 X 10(7) daltons,
      corresponding to about 26.4 kilobases. The circular DNA of lambdaasn was digested
      with restriction endonuclease EcoRI, diluted, and sealed with DNA ligase. When
      the reaction mixture was used to transform a recipient E. coli strain, a small
      plasmid of about 1 X 10(7) daltons (named pMCR115) was obtained. Restriction
      endonuclease cleavage mapping of pMCR115 and other evidence suggested that it
      contained the replication origin (oriC) of the E. coli chromosome.

PMID- 368809
TI  - Two HLA-linked loci controlling the fourth component of human complement.
AB  - An electrophoretic polymorphism of the fourth component of human complement (C4)
      is described. Three patterns of bands of C4 were observed in EDTA plasma from a
      panel of unrelated blood donors and family members by using the technique of
      immunofixation electrophoresis. These patterns consisted of four fast-moving
      anodal bands (F), four slow-moving cathodal bands (S), or a combination of both
      the F and S bands (FS). The C4 patterns of bands were observed in EDTA plasma and
      not in serum. Family studies showed that this polymorphism of C4 did not
      segregate with HLA histocompatibility genes in a fashion governed by two
      codominant alleles at a single genetic locus. The family data are in agreement
      with the hypothesis that two different genetic loci control the electrophoretic
      patterns of C4. One locus controls the presence (F) or absence (f0) of the four
      anodal (F) bands and the other controls the presence (S) or absence (s0) of the
      four cathodal (S) bands. The C4F and C4S loci are both closely linked to HLA-B.

PMID- 368810
TI  - Electrophysiological effects of Ca ionophore A23187 on frog stomach.

PMID- 368811
TI  - Specific effects of a hepatoma on metabolic capabilities of the liver in tumor
      bearing rats.

PMID- 368812
TI  - Delayed puberty after immunological blockade of endogenous LH-RH in female rats.

PMID- 368813
TI  - Insulin-lowering effect of phenformin not mediated by inhibition of gastric
      inhibitory polypeptide.

PMID- 368814
TI  - Adherence of group B streptococci and human erythrocytes to influenza A virus
      infected MDCK cells.

PMID- 368815
TI  - Experiments on maternal transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in guinea pigs.

PMID- 368816
TI  - Reversal of digitalis effects by specific antibodies.
AB  - Highly digoxin-specific or ouabain-specific antibodies can readily be obtained by
      immunizing rabbits or sheep with repeated injections of the glycoside coupled to
      protein carriers. By virtue of their binding capacity digoxin-specific antibodies
      are capable of removing digoxin concentrations from red blood cells and renal
      tissue specimens. As evidenced by various experiments with human erythrocytes and
      isolated cardiac preparations in vitro, digoxin effects are rapidly reversible in
      the presence of digoxin-specific antibodies. In vivo antidigoxin antibodies can
      protect animals from digoxin effects and promptly abolish established toxic
      effects, associated with marked alterations of digoxin pharmacokinetics. However,
      due to the large molecular weight, complete antibodies cannot be eliminated via
      the renal route. The use of antigen-binding (Fab) fragments of digoxin-specific
      antibodies offer the advantage of rapid renal elimination of bound and
      inactivated digoxin. So far, due to potential immune reactions, the clinical use
      of purified digoxin-specific antibodies of Fab fragments is restricted to life
      threatening accidental or suicidal digoxin or digitoxin poisoning.

PMID- 368818
TI  - Computer-aided classification and assessment of patients in multicenter trials.
AB  - The automated diagnostic procedure appears to be particularly suitable for
      clinical psychopharmacological trials since it provides a diagnostic definition
      and a psychopathological profile of patients assessed by various investigators of
      different centers where a different kind of psychopathology as well as different
      cultural, clinical and psychopharmacological backgrounds may be present.
      Furthermore, this procedure offers the possibility of reexamining and analyzing
      the characteristics of the experimental sample as related to the responses to the
      drugs. It also provides a new approach for solving some of the problems which
      play an important role in determining divergent results in clinical
      psychopharmacology such as that of patients selection and diagnostic definition.
      In the present study the automated diagnostic procedure derived by the scores of
      each item of I.M.P.S. and by factor scores are evaluated comparatively. The data
      reported show that the automated diagnosis should be based on the scores of
      single aspects of the symptomatology rather than on the basis of the factor
      scores.

PMID- 368817
TI  - A multidimensional test approach for the description of the CNS activity of drugs
      in human pharmacology.
AB  - In a double-blind cross-over trial ten healthy male volunteers were administered
      placebo as well as one representative of each of the four hypothetical
      psychotropic drug classes, antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics, and
      psychostimulants. The drugs were: 75 mg of chlorpromazine, 75 mg of
      amitriptyline, 10 mg of diazepam and 18 mg of dextroamphetamine sulfate. The
      effects of the compounds were assessed by pharmaco EEG, an adjective checklist,
      and a battery of psychological performance tests. The results demonstrate that
      the test model differentiates well between sedative and stimulatory drug effects.
      In addition, this multidimensional test approach discriminates adequately the
      effects of the various sedative drugs. The advantages and limitations of
      multidimensional test approaches for the description of psychotropic drugs along
      with the importance of employing such an approach for the development of
      psychotropic drugs are discussed.

PMID- 368819
TI  - Prejudices in pharmacology and pharmacotherapy: reserpine as a model for
      experimental research in depression.
AB  - The choice of reserpine as practically the sole model substance used in research
      in depression over two decades was not dictated by rational considerations alone:
      hypothetical notions, prospects of the rapid realization of experimental research
      aims and the fascination of the exotic origin of this "natural" drug made a
      significant contribution.

PMID- 368820
TI  - EEG and clinical profile of a synthetic analogue of methionine-enkephalin - FK 33
      824.

PMID- 368821
TI  - Relationship of selected clinical variables to current delivered during
      transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.
AB  - Nineteen normal subjects were given transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
      to the hypothenar eminence, back, or legs, using a selected constant-current
      device. Stimulation characteristics from this unit were measured. Stimulation, at
      20- microsec or 80- microsec pulse widths, was provided at increasing strengths
      until subject tolerance or muscle contraction was reached. The current delivered
      at each stimulus setting for single or repeated intrasubject trials was reliable
      at each anatomical landmark. For intersubject single trials, current levels
      proved reliable in the hand and back but not at any of the three interelectrode
      distances evaluated in the leg. Possible explanations for this latter finding are
      offered. This study showed that, for those stimulation settings evaluated, at
      least one constant-current transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation unit
      reliably delivers current of specific stimulus strengths to the hypothenar
      eminence or back.

PMID- 368822
TI  - Bibliography on electroanalgesia.

PMID- 368823
TI  - [Errors of the placebo test].
AB  - The difficulties inherent in clinical experimentation in phlebology, stem from
      the fact that they concern highly subjective functional problems, and are thus
      difficult to measure. The answer to these difficulties seems to be found in the
      use of the double blind method. This method, however, contains numerous causes of
      errors in phlebology, since in order to be mathematically applied to computer
      use, it is too sketchy and does not take into account many additional factors,
      incidental parameters and unfavorable coincidences related either to
      chronobiology (weather, seasonal changes), to hormonal problems (periods of the
      cycle, pregnancies, contraception, menopause), to the environment (professional
      posture, ground heat, periods of vacation or work), or associated diseases (neuro
      vegetative and rheumatic disorders, excessive weight, metabolic disorders), etc.
      It seems that in such cases, wide experimentation, with a very critical
      clinician, who attributes the improvement obtained to the drugs prescribed only
      when left with no other possibility and after having eliminated all the
      coincidental factors, gives results closer to reality than double blind
      experiments, behind whose pseudo-scientific appearance lies a sketchiness that is
      the cause of numerous errors.

PMID- 368824
TI  - [Very extensive ulcers in a case of mixed cryoglobulinemia].
AB  - A young girl suffering from mixed cryoglobulinemia had shown since puberty ulcers
      of the lower limbs. A first very serious occurrence of necrotic lesions of the
      feet was stopped through the use of bilateral lumbar sympathectomy and grafts. A
      second extremely serious onset was cured using peridural lumbar anesthesia
      maintained for six weeks. D-penicillamine proved inefficient.

PMID- 368825
TI  - Intracranial self stimulation from endbrain nuclei in the pigeon (Columba livia).

PMID- 368826
TI  - An intracranial electrode delivery system for the chronic mouse and bat
      preparation.

PMID- 368827
TI  - Repairs in the lower abdomen, groin, or perineum with myocutaneous or omental
      flaps.
AB  - Our experiences with omental and myocutaneous flaps for the closure of the lower
      abdomen, groin, and perineum are outlined. The relative advantages and
      disadvantages of the various flaps are discussed.

PMID- 368828
TI  - Use of the free dorsalis pedis flap in head and neck repairs.
AB  - Many defects of the head and neck can be readily repaired with a free dorsalis
      pedis flap, and we report success with these flaps in 9 of 12 cases. A precise
      knowledge of the anatomy of the arterial supply of the flap is necessary.
      Preoperative arteriography is recommended  if the dorsalis pedis artery is not
      easily palpable, or if an anomalous distribution of the artery along the dorsum
      of the foot is sus pected. However, the transfer of the flap should be delayed
      for two weeks after preoperative arteriography is performed. The one-stage soft
      tissue reconstruction with a free dorsalis pedis flap has been associated with
      minimal morbidity and good acceptance by patients. A delay procedure for the flap
      seems to enhance the chances of complete survival which is so necessary in the
      repair of intraoral and pharyngeal defects. Careful attention to details and
      close monitoring of the flap will minimize morbidity. In case of an early failure
      of a flap, a secondary reconstruction by a different flap can be done in the
      first 48 to 72 hours. Early postoperative radiotherapy has been well tolerated
      over these free flaps.

PMID- 368829
TI  - Use of paired abdominal flaps for release of adduction contractures of the thumb.
AB  - A method for correction of an adduction contracture of the thumb is presented.
      Paired flaps provide good cover to the palmar and dorsal sides of the web space.
      This method produces better cosmetic and functional results than the traditional
      methods.

PMID- 368830
TI  - Evaluation of tests for predicting the viability of axial pattern skin flaps in
      the pig.
AB  - The viability of axial pattern skin flaps in pigs was assessed by the use of
      intravenous fluorescein, intradermal injection of 133Xe in saline, intravenous
      51Cr tagged red cells, and angiography. The results were correlated with flap
      survival at 4 days postoperatively. Intravenous fluorescein provided the most
      accurate method for prediction of viable tissue at the time of operation. There
      was no evidence of vascular perfusion in the distal portions of these flaps.
      These axial pattern flaps differed in their viability from similar flaps in
      humans, and anastomoses between discrete vascular territories were infrequent in
      pigskin.

PMID- 368831
TI  - Simultaneous coverage of both heels with one free flap.

PMID- 368832
TI  - Late conversion of a broad-pedicled forehead flap to an island flap.

PMID- 368833
TI  - Clinical salvage of three failing skin flaps by treatment with a vasodilator
      drug.
AB  - We present 3 clinical cases, one skin flap and two myocutaneous flaps, in which
      we believe postoperative treatment with isoxsuprine resulted in the salvage of
      considerable areas that would otherwise have necrosed.

PMID- 368834
TI  - Conservation of major leg arteries when used as recipient supply for a free flap.
AB  - The potential hazards of using proximal segments of leg arteries for end-to-end
      anastomosis to vessels in free flaps are examined, and alternatives are proposed.
      The convservation of the major tibial arteries seems highly desirable, to
      minimize any subsequent development of ischemic complications. Turning a free
      flap upside down moves the anastomosis to the distal part of the extremity, thus
      conserving most of the muscular branches of the recipient artery. Cutting the
      recipient artery distally and bending it back in recurrent fashion also allows
      for easy end-to-end anastomosis, with many technical advantages.

PMID- 368836
TI  - Use of the temporalis muscule flap in blanking out orbits.
AB  - We report the use of the temporalis muscle as a transposition flap to obliterate
      the orbit in 5 patients. In 4 of the cases we split the muscle coronally and
      passed the anterior part through a window in the lateral orbital wall. In two of
      these patients, skin grafts were put on both sides of the temporalis muscle
      fascia flap, to restore nasal lining and to cover the facial surface
      simultaneously. In the remaining patients, the muscle was split sagittally to
      provide a large surface for coverage. The temporalis muscle flap is a versatile
      one for filling orbits after exenteration.

PMID- 368835
TI  - Why do skin grafts fail?
AB  - Fibrin is shown to be the agent responsible for the adherence of biological
      dressings and of autografts to wounds. Its presence is associated with graft
      success, and its absence with graft failure. The results suggest that the
      deposition of fibrin provides the basis for the anti-bacterial actions of
      biological dressings and for the sterilization of the wound under adherent
      autografts. The total number of bacteria per gram of tissue in the wound, though
      important, is not critical to the result of skin grafting. The mechanism by which
      different organisms cause grafts to fail is by the production of plasmin and
      proteolytic enzymes which dissolve the important fibrin scaffold--thus ensuring
      their own survival. Thus, it is the levels of these (and the numbers of organisms
      efficient in producing them) which cause success or failure of applied skin
      grafts.

PMID- 368837
TI  - A new island flap transfer from the dorsum of the index to the thumb.
AB  - We describe here a new island flap from the dorsum of the index finger,
      transferred on the first dorsal metacarpal artery with one or two veins and the
      terminal branches of the radial nerve. This vascular bundle is a reliable one,
      for we have had no necrosis in 12 consecutive cases. The quality of its venous
      outflow and the use of a dorsal donor site give it advantages over the Moberg
      Littler island flap, unless a dorsal vein from the latter flap is preserved and
      sutured to a vein in the recipient site. The arterial vascularization without any
      skin pedicle makes this "kite" flap a more practical one than the "flag" flaps of
      Vilain or Holevitch or Kuhn. Finally, a one-stage transfer is usually preferable
      to a two-stage one (e.g. Adamson, Braillar). In a single operation, this transfer
      provides composite resurfacing of the thumb while bringing in new blood and nerve
      supply.

PMID- 368838
TI  - The value of angiography prior to use of the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap.
AB  - In 5 patients studied, preoperative angiography showed the thoracodorsal artery
      to be patent in two--both of them then had successful transfers of latissimus
      dorsi myocutaneous flaps. Obliteration of this artery was apparent in 3 patients,
      precluding the operation. We suggest that selective preoperative angiography be
      performed in all patients in whom a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap transfer
      is being considered, as a patent thoracodorsal artery is essential to the success
      of this procedure.

PMID- 368839
TI  - Management of first trimester breast enlargement with necrosis.
AB  - We describe our management of two patients who had massive breast enlargement
      with necrosis in the first trimester. First, a therapeutic abortion was done to
      stop the breast growth, then we skin grafted the large ulcerated areas on the
      breasts, and finally we did a simple mastectomy with silicone gel implants for
      reconstruction. The latter procedure was to prevent almost certain recurrence of
      the problem during any succeeding pregnancy.

PMID- 368840
TI  - Total rhinoplasty with a free osteocutaneous flap.
AB  - A new approach to total rhinoplasty, using a free dorsalis pedis flap containing
      part of the second metatarsal bone, is reported.

PMID- 368841
TI  - Use of a larger midline forehead flap for rhinoplasty, with new design for
      closure of donor site.

PMID- 368842
TI  - Measuring tissue pressure to assess the severity of burn-induced ischemia.
AB  - Circumferential burn injuries can produce severe ischemia in the underlying
      muscles by producing compartmental compression. The latter requires prompt
      decompression, but it is often difficult to diagnose. A simple, rapid, and
      accurate technique for the direct measurement of compartmental pressure is
      described. It may be used to determine the need for decompressive escharotomy or
      fasciotomy, and to intraoperatively assess its adequacy.

PMID- 368844
TI  - Reconstruction of the oral mucocutaneous junction.
AB  - An inset free skin graft from the postauricular area was used to create a natural
      appearing "white roll" mucocutaneous junction in a lip repair.

PMID- 368843
TI  - One-stage repair of a cervical esophagostome with two myocutaneous flaps from the
      neck and shoulder.
AB  - A large esophagostome in a heavily radiated neck was reconstructed in one stage,
      using a sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap for lining and a trapezius
      myocutaneous flap for covering. The patient began eating on the seventh day and
      was discharged on the tenth day following the repair. Barium swallow studies
      demonstrated a widely patent esophagus, and the patient now has good esophageal
      speech.

PMID- 368846
TI  - [Personality diagnosis of school-age children].
AB  - This paper discusses some selected methodical and metric problems of
      psychological personality diagnosis in both childhood and the period of youth. In
      additon to discussing a number of important questions concerning psychometric
      methods, the author deals with problems associated with personality diagnosis,
      sociometric methods, and fictitious situational tests, analyzing them by
      reference to data reported in the literature.

PMID- 368845
TI  - ["Slow virus" infections and  degenerative diseases of the central nervous
      system].
AB  - Slow virus infections of the central nervous system are produced by both
      conventional and unconventional viruses. Diseases of the central nervous system
      which are produced by unconventional viruses are discussed. They are kuru and the
      Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease. Mention is also made of the fact that these disease
      may be transmitted to animals which allows an infectious genesis to be assumed.
      The author also discusses the clinical symptomatology, the results of anatomical
      and pathological examinations, and the mechanism of transmission of the disease
      from one human being to another. Slow virus infection as a cause of other
      neurological diseases is also dealt with by the author in her present paper.

PMID- 368847
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Jerzy Fiutowski (1924-1977)].

PMID- 368848
TI  - Early recollections, present crises, and future plans in psychotic patients.

PMID- 368849
TI  - 'Positive and 'negative' aspects of the 'altered states of consciousness' induced
      by autogenic training, Zen and yoga.
AB  - As practices of altered states of consciousness (ASC) have become more widely
      used among psychotherapists who have become aware of the limitations of
      psychoanalytic, educational and behavioral approaches, negative aspects ('Makyo')
      of ASC have drawn their special attention. For the purpose of controlling or
      preventing these side-effects, (1) the problem of indication is most important,
      (2) and evaluation of the patient's personality is indispensable, (3) preparatory
      education about ASC methods and (4) guidance by experienced leaders are most
      helpful, (5) appropriate use of tranquilizers and (6) the mere presence of a
      supportive therapist at the place of practice can also be helpful.

PMID- 368850
TI  - Role of the therapist in biofeedback training.
AB  - The therapist in biofeedback training plays the role of a teacher or coach. This
      role, derived from learning theory and practiced in the classroom and playing
      field, imposes special constraints upon the psychotherapeutic situation. The
      therapist must be capable of physiological manipulation in self before attempting
      to teach this skill to another. The issue of transfer of training and maintenance
      of therapeutic gain are also discussed.

PMID- 368851
TI  - Self-control, biofeedback, and change in 'psychosomatic' approach.
AB  - The new psychosomatic treatment modalities of biofeedback and relaxation
      techniques have in common an emphasis on self-control or self-regulation. The
      surging populatiry of the self-control techniques at present may reflect a change
      in the self-image of medicine, which emphasizes its role as a collaborator of the
      patient in his self-control of disease processes. Modern concept of psychosomatic
      medicine emphasizes a systems or field approach to evaluation and treatment
      rather than on 'psychogenic' causes of physical illness. The self-control
      treatment modalities form an important part of the armamentaria of a modern
      'psychosomaticist'. We present preliminary data suggesting that 'potentiation' of
      biofeedback treatment may be useful. In borderline hypertensives, using
      pharmacologic means to reduce blood pressure during a biofeedback session may
      help subjects identify and re-create the 'low blood pressure states' without
      further aid by drugs. Hypertensives seeking biofeedback treatment are extremely
      internal in locus of control and tend to generalize their self-control to other
      areas of life to foster health and to prevent illness.

PMID- 368852
TI  - Treatment of anxiety: a comparison of the usefulness of self-hypnosis and a
      meditational relaxation technique. An overview.
AB  - We have investigated prospectively the efficacy of two nonpharmacologic
      relaxation techniques in the therapy of anxiety. A simple, meditational
      relaxation technique (MT) that elicits the changes of decreased sympathetic
      nervous system activity was compared to a self-hypnosis technique (HT) in which
      relaxation, with or without altered perceptions, was suggested. 32 patients with
      anxiety neurosis were divided into 2 groups on the basis of their responsivity to
      hypnosis: moderate-high and low responsivity. The MT or HT was then randomly
      assigned separately to each member of the two responsivity groups. Thus, 4
      treatment groups were studied: moderate-high responsivity MT; low responsivity
      MT; moderate-high responsivity HT; and low responsivity HT. The low responsivity
      HT group, by definition largely incapable of achieving the altered perceptions
      essential to hypnosis, was designed as the control group. Patients were
      instructed to practice the assigned technique daily for 8 weeks. Change in
      anxiety was determined by three types of evaluation: psychiatric assessment;
      physiologic testing; and self-assessment. There was essentially no difference
      between the two techniques in therapeutic efficacy according to these
      evaluations. Psychiatric assessment revealed overall improvement in 34% of the
      patients and the self-rating assessment indicated improvement in 63% of the
      population. Patients who had moderate-high hypnotic responsivity, independent of
      the technique used, significantly improved on psychiatric assessment (p = 0.05)
      and decreased average systolic blood pressure from 126.1 to 122.5 mm Hg over the
      8-week period (p = 0.048). The responsivity scores at the higher end of the
      hypnotic responsivity spectrum were proportionately correlated to greater
      decreases in systolic blood pressure (p = 0.075) and to improvement by
      psychiatric assessment (p = 0.003). There was, however, no consistent relation
      between hypnotic responsivity and the other assessments made, such as diastolic
      blood pressure, oxygen consumption, heart rate and the self-rating
      questionnaires. The meditational and self-hypnosis techniques employed in this
      investigation are simple to use and effective in the therapy of anxiety.

PMID- 368854
TI  - [Construction of a modified swinglock (III)].

PMID- 368853
TI  - [Construction of a mini-swivel bolt (II)].

PMID- 368856
TI  - [Gnathodent--a gnathologically shaped molar for partial and complete dentures
      (I)].

PMID- 368855
TI  - [Maxilla reconstruction].

PMID- 368857
TI  - [The use of self-activating arches and springs in orthodontics (I)].

PMID- 368858
TI  - [Basic technological principles of metalloceramics (I)].

PMID- 368859
TI  - [Morphologically fixed mounting aids for anterior teeth in the edentulous
      maxilla].

PMID- 368860
TI  - [Arrangement of displaced teeth in proper order (II)].

PMID- 368861
TI  - [Basic technological principles of metallocramics (II)].

PMID- 368862
TI  - [Tooth selection for manufacturing complete dentures. Few references in the new
      literature].

PMID- 368863
TI  - [Prosthetic provision for a patient with excessive protrusion of the maxillary
      anterior teeth].

PMID- 368864
TI  - [Construction of a modified swinglock (I)].

PMID- 368865
TI  - [Placement of a fastener in the bolt eye of a swivel bolt].

PMID- 368866
TI  - [Construction of a mini-swivel bolt (I)].

PMID- 368867
TI  - [Construction of a modified swinglock (II)].

PMID- 368868
TI  - [Solution proposal for the problem of temporary maintenance following extraction
      and preparation].

PMID- 368869
TI  - [DNA repair in gamma- and UV-irradiated Escherichia coli cells with the action of
      caffeine and acriflavine].

PMID- 368871
TI  - [Role of endogenous substances in creating a background of enhanced
      radioresistance. 11. The nature of the varying radioresistance of yeast cells
      (experiments on different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae)].

PMID- 368870
TI  - [Role of endogenous serotonin in the mechanism of action of radioprotective
      agents. 3. The absence of a relationship of modified radiosensitivity in cells to
      a change in their content of endogenous serotonin].

PMID- 368872
TI  - [Radioresistance of the cells of different E. coli strains and their content of
      endogenous serotonin].

PMID- 368873
TI  - [Micronuclei in the peripheral blood cells of Microtus oeconomus Pall. that
      inhabit areas with enhanced natural radioactivity].

PMID- 368874
TI  - [Effectiveness of E. coli cell inactivation by fast and intermediate neutrons].

PMID- 368875
TI  - [Development of radiation treatment of tumors and of nuclear medicine in the P.A.
      Herzen Moscow Scientific Research Institute. On the 75th anniversary of the
      Institute].

PMID- 368876
TI  - [Thoughts to the problem of additional treatment to radiotherapeutic measures
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 368877
TI  - [Morphologic consideration of heart failure (author's transl)].
AB  - The left ventricle in left heart failure can be elliptical, spherical or funnel
      shaped. There is no firm correlation between the different shapes and the
      hemodynamics. Left ventricular failure results in dilatation, deformation and
      loss of funnel function of the left atrium. In more advanced stages of left
      ventricular failure the pulmonary veins become coiled, dilated and narrow
      stepwise instead of the normal harmonic narrowing to the periphery. The pulmonary
      parenchyma exhibits fibrosis and septal siderosis at that stage. Heart failure
      cells can be observed frequently. In later stages, when pulmonary arteries and
      the right ventricle is involved, secondary global heart failure develops. Right
      ventricular failure may lead to necrosis of liver cells with jaundice and
      elevated levels of liver specific enzyms. Primary global failure has no
      hemodynamic consequences on the pulmonary circulation, as long as left and right
      ventricular failure are of equal severity. If one form prevails, the clinical
      picture will be that of left or right ventricular failure respectively.

PMID- 368878
TI  - [The differential diagnosis of heart failure (author's transl)].
AB  - The causes of heart failure may be classified into three groups, hemodynamic
      causes, disturbances of cardiac rhythm and conduction and diseases of the
      myocardium. Accordingly the different causes of heart failure are discussed and
      the technics for diagnosis reviewed. Particular diagnostic problems are
      mentioned, which may arise in connection with cardiac echinococcosis, atrial
      myxoma, sarcoid heart disease and myocardial aneurysm.

PMID- 368879
TI  - The fibrinolytic system--basic considerations.

PMID- 368880
TI  - Lidocaine prophylaxis against ventricular fibrillation in acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 368881
TI  - Pharmacology of fibrinolytic agents.

PMID- 368882
TI  - Thrombolytic therapy is arterial thromboembolism.

PMID- 368883
TI  - Normal paraffins in living matter--occurrence, metabolism and pathology.

PMID- 368884
TI  - Applications and possibilities of cytophotometry for red cell hematology.

PMID- 368885
TI  - [Isolation and primary culture of adult rat hepatocytes--Biochemical studies of
      cellular function on protein metabolism (author's transl)].

PMID- 368886
TI  - [Adrenocortical control of epidermal cell differentiation demonstrated by
      combined morphological and biochemical studies of the in ovo and in vitro
      development of chick embryonic shank skin (author's transl)].

PMID- 368887
TI  - [The isolation and cultivation of renal cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 368888
TI  - [From the archives of psychoanalysis. David Rapaport. The theory of attention
      allocation (1959). An economic and structural attempt to clarify the cognitive
      process].

PMID- 368889
TI  - [Mozart, father and son].

PMID- 368890
TI  - [A world of fantasmagorical objects. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Rime of the
      Ancyent Marinere].

PMID- 368891
TI  - Treatment of Raynaud's disease: evaluation of a behavioral approach.
AB  - Eight patients with Raynaud's disease were treated with a behavioral program
      which included skin temperature biofeedback, relaxation training and protocol
      individualization based on the investigators' psychological understanding of each
      patient. Three patients improved clinically, although only one learned self
      control of skin temperature. Anxiety reduction, brought about by relaxation or
      changes in the program to suit individual needs, appeared to be an important
      aspect of the treatment program.

PMID- 368892
TI  - [Armando Rossi, 1885-1977].

PMID- 368893
TI  - [Giuseppe Maurizio Reviglio, 1896-1977].

PMID- 368894
TI  - [Comments on the control of oral anticoagulants].

PMID- 368895
TI  - [Hemodialysis and renal transplant in Londrina. Initial analysis].

PMID- 368896
TI  - [Treatment of condylomata acuminata with 5-fluorouracil].

PMID- 368897
TI  - [A Paracana Indian with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism].

PMID- 368898
TI  - [Suture of the bronchial stump in pulmonary resections. Presentation of a new
      technic].

PMID- 368899
TI  - [Evaluation of the effects of terbutaline and orciprenaline by oral
      administration in patients with bronchial obstruction].

PMID- 368900
TI  - [Prosthetic needs and oral health of dental and pharmacy students at Araraquara,
      SP].

PMID- 368901
TI  - [The bonding of brackets, tubes and auxiliaries in orthodontics].

PMID- 368902
TI  - [Professor Th. Firica (1901--1978)].

PMID- 368903
TI  - [Zinc metabolism and its biological significance].

PMID- 368904
TI  - [Double blind study of histidine therapy of anemia in patients with chronic renal
      failure treated by hemodialysis].

PMID- 368905
TI  - [Importance of zinc in clinical pathology].

PMID- 368906
TI  - [Postoperative jaundice].

PMID- 368907
TI  - [Carbohydrate metabolism and plasma insulin levels in 2 patients with
      intermittent acute porphyria].

PMID- 368908
TI  - [Medical treatment of coxarthrosis].

PMID- 368909
TI  - [Plants with antimicrobial properties (review article) I].

PMID- 368910
TI  - [Plants with antimicrobial properties (review article) II].

PMID- 368911
TI  - [Parasitism and allergy].
AB  - Relationship betwen parasitism and allergic diseases are briefly commented. The
      parasites which most frequently are involved in allergic conditions in our
      environment are pointed out. Some cases are reported and conclusions from the
      material reviewed are made.

PMID- 368913
TI  - [Chorioretinitis caused by toxoplasmosis: study of 65 cases].
AB  - Sixty five patients with an ophthalmoscopic diagnosis of chorioretinitis who,
      underwent complement fixation tests and intradermoreaction using Toxoplasma
      antigens were studied. 95,4% of them disclosed antibody titers with the former
      and 58,5% reactors were found with the latter. Sixty five individuals with
      neither backgrounds nor clinical symptoms of toxoplasmosis were used as control,
      and 27,7% of reactors in both tests were likewise found. The differences among
      results are highly statistically significant; this points out toxoplasmosis as an
      important cause of chorioretinitis in our patients. Complement fixation tests
      were more sensitive than intradermoreactions as well as specific as the latter.
      Results were correlated to age, sex and animal contacts.

PMID- 368912
TI  - [Cell mediated immunity in a group of lepers (leukocytes migration inhibition
      test)].
AB  - Ten lepers with the lepromin-negative lepromatous form and ten lepers with the
      lepromin-positive tuberculoid form who underwent the leukocyte migration
      inhibition test were studied. A market impairment of cell-mediated immunity in
      the lepromatous group as well as significative differences of the  average
      inhibition rates between both groups of patients were found. Results from this in
      vitro test were correlated to those from the lepromin skin test and a
      correspondence in 18 out of the 20 patients studied was obtained.

PMID- 368914
TI  - [Determination of cholinesterase activity in Fasciola hepatica homogenates].
AB  - The cholinesterase activity in Fasciola hepatica homogenates was studied through
      biological techniques. Results depict that the contractile stimulating action of
      a constant acetylcholine dose on the isolated rat duodenum is withdrawn when the
      agent is previously incubated at 37 degrees C during 30 minutes with different
      dilutions (20%, 40% and 80%) of Fasciola hepatica homogenates. The action is
      recovered when an anticholinesterase, as neostigmine is previously added to the
      homogenate. Since these effects are similar to those obtained when different
      dilutions of human blood serum with a high content of cholinesterase are led to
      act upon the acetylcholine dose, it is concluded that the acetylcholine
      inactivation induced by Fasciola hepatica homogenates results from the existence
      of such enzyme within this parasite.

PMID- 368915
TI  - [Vaginal candidiasis].
AB  - Three hundred and eighty eight patients from the out-patient service of the "10
      de Octubre" Maternal-Infantile Hospital were studied and 126 (32,46%) out of them
      were infected with Candida genus organisms. Ninety nine (78,57%) patients had C.
      albicans; 16 (12,69%) patients had C. tropicalis; 9 (7,14%) patients had C.
      parakrusei; 1 (0,79%) patient had C. krusei; and 1 (0,79%) patient had C.
      guilliermondi. Leukorrhea predominated in 42% of patients; vaginal pruritus
      predominated in 22%; and low abdominal pain predominated in 16%. 80% of patients
      over 50 years had diabetes mellitus. The concurrent flora was as follows: flora 1
      in 14,49% of patients; flora II in 2,91%; and flora III in 82,60%. 7,14% of the
      126 infected women also had Trichomonas vaginalis.

PMID- 368916
TI  - [Chromoblastomycosis in Cuba, retrospective clinical and epidemiologic studies of
      72 patients].
AB  - A brief review of the prevalence of chromoblastomycosis in Latin America and
      specially, in our country is made. Seventy two patients who were clinically and
      epidemiologically diagnosed in the Havana province between 1963-1973 are studied,
      and epidemic variables of interest are analyzed. Hormodendrum pedrosoi was the
      prevalent pathogen. The creation of a national register for a better knowledge of
      the prevalence of this disease in our country is proposed. The training of
      mycologic dermatologist and their location in places in lack of this kind of
      specialist are suggested. The early diagnosis and treatment are emphasized.

PMID- 368917
TI  - [Immunoelectrophoretic study of serum from patients with untreated recently
      adquired syphilis].
AB  - An immunoelectrophoretic study of serum from patients with non-treated recently
      acquired syphilis (RAS) is made for the first time in our country. Increases in
      IgM and IgG fractions were detected; the increase of the former exceeded to the
      latter in patients with cutaneous symptomatic recently acquired syphilis (CSRAS)
      in comparison with those having mucous cutaneous symptomatic recently acquired
      syphilis (MCSRAS). IgG were increased in 100% of patients with this latter
      disease, although both fractions were increased in patients with latent recently
      acquired syphilis (LRAS).

PMID- 368918
TI  - [Modified Lassen's method for the identification of gram negative bacilli].
AB  - A variation of the components of media used by Lassen for the identification of
      clinically significant gram-negative bacilli is performed in pursuit of an
      economically accessible method that can be introduced in daily laboratory work.

PMID- 368919
TI  - [Verification of Lassen's modified method for the identification of gram negative
      bacilli].
AB  - Eighty strains of gram-negative bacilli, according to Lassen's modified method,
      and the conventional methods for their identification are studied. Lassen's
      original dichotomic keys, with which satisfactory results were obtained in
      relation to conventional methods, are presented. Reliability and greater
      accurateness of such a modification were shown.

PMID- 368920
TI  - [Primary amebic meningoencephalitis. Report of a suspicious case and review of
      the medical literature].
AB  - The case of a 24-year old patient who, in July 1976, submerged into a canal of
      Guanimar river and, five days later, had a febrile meningoencephalitic clinical
      picture, is presented; he was in a very severe condition and recovered without
      sequelae with a treatment based on amphotericin B. The negative cultures for
      bacteria, fungi and viruses, the characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid and the
      observation of free-life amebae in the water of the wash of rhinopharynx and
      pharingeal cavity allowed to establish, with great accuracy, the presuntive
      diagnosis of primary amebic meningoencephalitis.

PMID- 368921
TI  - [Preparation and evaluation of antibacterial activity of partial fractions of
      Vallesia antillana Wood].
AB  - A study on the antibacterial properties of alkaloidal fractions of Vallesia
      antillana Wood, a Cuban plant belonging to the Apocynaceae family, is performed
      for the first time. Four partial fractions from bark of stems were prepared
      according to a classical extraction of total alkaloids and a partial
      fractionation of these, with the use of tartaric acid and ethyl ether and by a pH
      gradient with values of 2.5, 5.0, 7.0 and alkaline one. Data from thin layer
      chromatography on the alkaloidal content of different fractions are added and an
      assessment of antibacterial activity was made; for this, a method of sections in
      agar medium with bacterial species of human clinical interest was used;
      inhibitory halos found within 24 hours of incubation at 37 degrees C are reported
      in millimeters.

PMID- 368922
TI  - [Parasitic duodenitis].
AB  - A study on 100 patients bearing high-localization intestinal parasitism
      associated to clinical manifestations compatible with an ulcerous syndrome is
      performed. The frequency of the parasites found is outlined, and Giardia lamblia
      comes first in the order of appearance. The different tests used to reach the
      diagnosis of this entity are assessed and emphasis in laid on the value of
      biliary drainage, both in the detection of parasites and the biliary sepsis that
      frequently accompanies them. In testing different therapeutic schemes, the value
      of metronidazole associated to tetracycline for intestinal giardiasis and of
      Alcopar for Necator americanus in stressed.

PMID- 368923
TI  - [Antimicrobial properties of extracts from Rhizophora mangle L].
AB  - Aqueous and alcoholic extracts are obtained from the roots, leaves and stems of
      ruddy mangrove-tree (Rhizophora mangle L.), a very common plant in Cuban coasts
      and to which different curative properties are attributed in our popular
      medicine. The inhibitory activity of these extracts on the growth of different
      human pathogenic organisms, among which are bacteria, fungii and yeasts, is
      reported. For this determination, a method of diffusion in an agar medium with
      holes in which 50 ml of each extract in question were poured was used; the size
      in millimeters of the inhibitory halo found in each species and the concentration
      of the dilution in broth for Mycobacterium strains are reported.

PMID- 368925
TI  - [Ophthalmology, in Valencia, during 19th century (author's transl)].

PMID- 368924
TI  - [1st report of an intermediary host of Moniezia sp in Cuba].
AB  - The determination of an oribatid belonging to the Scheloribates genus as an
      intermediary host of the Moniezia sp. helminth is reported for the first time in
      Cuba. Photographs and measurements taken during the infecting larval state of
      Moniezia (cisticercoid) found are included, such as it is observed because of
      transparency in the interior of acarus and drew out from the Latter for its
      better identification.

PMID- 368926
TI  - Psychopathology of dementia: implications for neuropathology.

PMID- 368927
TI  - Viral etiology in amentias and dementias.

PMID- 368928
TI  - Strong bodies, healthful regimens, and playful recreations as viewed by utopian
      authors of the 16th and 17th centuries.

PMID- 368929
TI  - Muscle activity during chest wall restriction and positive pressure breathing in
      man.
AB  - The effects of sustained constriction of the rib cage (RCC), constriction of the
      abdomen (AC) and of breathing against a positive pressure of 10 cms of water
      (PPB) were studied in four normal subjects with moderate constant hypercapnia.
      Intercostal electrical activity (Eic) was measured by implanted wire electrodes
      and diaphragmatic electrical activity (Edia) by oesophageal electrodes. There was
      no fixed relation between Edia and VT. VT was unaltered during AC and RCC: Edia
      was unaltered during AC but increased during RCC. The response to PPB without
      constriction varied: three subjects increased end-expiratory VL with increase in
      Edia and inspiratory Eic. One subject initially, and one subject after training,
      maintained end-expiratory VL constant with no change in Edia and an increase in
      expiratory Eic. When PPB was applied during AC and RCC there was an increase in
      Edia proportional to end-expiratory lung volume. The overall response to
      distortion was determined by voluntary choice, but muscle electrical activity
      reflected chest wall configuration: when the diaphragm was shorter and at a
      mechanical disadvantage its electrical activity increased. This was compatible
      with a reflex with afferent information from diaphragm tendon organ and muscle
      spindle receptors.

PMID- 368930
TI  - Immersion vs pressure-breathing and diaphragmatic function in the upright
      position.
AB  - In seven anesthetized dogs, immersion in the upright position to mid-neck level
      (IM) was compared to pressure breathing (PB) under dry conditions during constant
      stimulus diaphragmatic contraction (EPS). The comparison was in terms of EPS
      induced changes in alveolar pressure under static condition (Pmus); EPS-induced
      tidal volume (VT); and the VT/Pmus ratio (C'). It was found that at iso-lung
      volume (V): (a) Pmus was greater in IM than in PB, the difference increased at
      higher V; (b) VT was greater in IM than in PB, but the VT difference (deltaVT)
      did not parallel that in Pmus; VT was maximum at a V equal to approximately 90%
      of FRC in air (FRCd) and decreased below and above this volume; (c) during both
      IM and PB, the VT-V relationship reflected a biphasic relationship of C' to V and
      appeared to be inherent to the upright position.

PMID- 368931
TI  - [Historical background of dentistry teaching in the state of Santa Catarina
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 368932
TI  - Venezuelan strains of Plasmodium falciparum resistant to sulfa and pyrimethamine
      as demonstrated by in vitro test.

PMID- 368933
TI  - [Continuous axenic culture of Mammalian plasmodia. I. Plasmodium berghei].

PMID- 368934
TI  - [Reflections on medical education (author's transl)].

PMID- 368935
TI  - [Modern biomedical communications (author's transl)].

PMID- 368936
TI  - [In memoriam: Jean Van Beneden (May 8, 1898- October 21, 1978)].

PMID- 368937
TI  - [Recent data concerning new cardiotonic agents].

PMID- 368939
TI  - [Drugs and iatrogenic disease].

PMID- 368938
TI  - [is there a treatment for peripheral arterial insufficiency?].

PMID- 368940
TI  - [Treatment of Kennedy's class IV maxillary edentulousness using removable
      dentures].

PMID- 368941
TI  - [Is there diffusion of the elements of nickel-chromium alloy into the
      porcelain?].

PMID- 368942
TI  - [Impressions and seals in complete maxillary dentures].

PMID- 368943
TI  - [Technic for registration of the sublingual seal in complete mandibular
      dentures].

PMID- 368944
TI  - [Hernias: eventrations treated with whole skin grafts].

PMID- 368945
TI  - [Behavior of blood pressure in patients with malignant hypertension following
      renal transplant].

PMID- 368946
TI  - [Why does tetanus not occur among Brazilian Amerindians of the Amazon region? A
      critical analysis of the problem and the elements involved].

PMID- 368947
TI  - [Late kidney rejection: influence of imbalance in prednisone and azathioprine
      dosages].

PMID- 368948
TI  - [Blood culture].

PMID- 368949
TI  - Refractory hypoglycemia in a large neonate. Clinical-pathological conference.

PMID- 368950
TI  - [Etiology and prevention of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 368951
TI  - [Clinical experimental research on the use of 2-(3-benzoylphenyl) propionic acid,
      or Ketoprofen, an adjuvant of antibiotic action in oral surgery].

PMID- 368953
TI  - [Gastroenterology in 1978].

PMID- 368952
TI  - [Technique of opening the pulp chamber of the lower molar by means of a turbine
      drill and drilling the mesial canal].

PMID- 368954
TI  - Ratio of analog pulse height module for fluorescence activated cell sorter.

PMID- 368955
TI  - [Local grafting as a simple method of treatment of pseudoarthrosis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The authors present a new technique for the treatment of a pseudoarthrosis by
      local graft. The graft, taken from the basilar bone, is moved to the site of lost
      bone substance whilst retaining its internal muscular attachments. The result is
      very satisfactory and avoids the use of an iliac graft.

PMID- 368956
TI  - [Complete repair in one stage of the sequelae of unilateral total hare lip
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The sequelae of hare lip, of mixed origin, malformative and surgical, require
      careful analysis of the deformities present in order to ensure their correction.
      The basic concept is replacement of the cleft in its initial position, i.e.: --re
      opening of the cleft, --exposure of the bony edges, --excision of scar tissue.
      Restoration is then performed starting deep and working upwards, with primary
      attention paid to the skeleton with the complex concern of: --normalisation of
      the underlying bone and of occlusion, --re-establishment of oro-nasal muscular
      equilibrium, --esnuring nasal ventilation. without neglecting the overall
      morphology. With this in mind, complete repair in one stage is most likely to
      result in a harmonious overall result.

PMID- 368957
TI  - [Clinical and electromyographic correlations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;
      computer-processed study on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis XXI].

PMID- 368958
TI  - Evaluation of urinary myoglobin assay test for myocardial infarction.
AB  - Serial determinations of urinary myoglobulin, beta2-microglobulin and albumin,
      and of serum myoglobin, were performed in twenty-eight consecutive patients
      admitted to a coronary care unit. Patients with myocardial infarction (MI
      patients) all had higher serum levels of myoglobin then those with other
      diagnoses (OBS patients). Myoglobinuria occurred in 80% of MI patients and in
      half of the OBS patients. The appearance of myoglobin in urine was mainly
      accounted for by an impaired renal reabsorption of low molecular weight proteins.
      Measurement of urinary myoglobulin, in contrast to serum myoglobulin, is of
      little value for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.

PMID- 368959
TI  - Immunoelectrophoretic studies on human small intestinal brush border proteins. A
      qualitative study of the protein composition.
AB  - The human small intestinal brush border proteins were studied qualitatively by
      crossed immunoelectrophoresis. Brush border membranes were purified from human
      jejunum and the proteins released by Triton X-100. Rabbits were immunized with
      the released proteins and by using a double layer immunofluorescence technique
      the obtained antisera were shown to be specific against the brush border
      proteins. The precipitates obtained in crossed immunoelectrophoresis were
      identified by enzymatic staining techniques. Sucrase (EC 3.2.1.48), isomaltase EC
      3.2.1.10), maltase (EC 3.2.1.20), phloretin-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.62), lactase
      (EC3.2.1.23), microvillus aminopeptidase (aminopeptidase (microsomal), EC
      3.4.11.2), dipeptidyl peptidase IV (EC 3.4.14.X), and alkaline phosphatase (EC
      3.1.3.1) were identified while asparate aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.7), gamma
      glutamyl transferase (EC 2.3.2.2) and trehalase (EC 3.2.1.28) could not be
      visualized. This work demonstrates that cross immunoelectrophoresis can be used
      in the study of human small intestinal brush border proteins.

PMID- 368960
TI  - Study of the EMIT method for determination of anti-epileptic drugs in serum using
      an LKB 2086 reaction rate analyzer.
AB  - Phenemal, phenytoin and carbamazepine were determined by the EMIT method on an
      LKB 2086 Reaction Rate Analyzer and the results compared with routine results
      obtained for phenemal by gas chromatography and for phenytoin and carbamazepine
      by thin layer chromatography. Coefficients of variation for phenemal at the
      concentration 99 mumol/l in bovine serum were 3.1% within run and 10.8% between
      run. For phenytoin the coefficients of variation were respectively 13.1% and
      15.4% for the same serum with a concentration of 99 mumol/l. For carbamazepine
      the coefficients of variation were estimated to be 14.1% within run and 10.4%
      between run for a human serum containing 25 mumol/l. With an LKB 2082 Kinetic
      Data System the coefficients of variation phenytoin and carbamazepine were
      reduced to 8% and the coefficients of correlation between the EMIT methods and
      the routine methods were at least 0.965 for all three drugs. The assay ranges
      were found to be satisfactory. The method allows assay down to 8.6, 4.0 and 2.1
      mumol/l and up to 301, 198, and 51 mumol/l for phenemal, phenytoine and
      carbamazepine, respectively.

PMID- 368961
TI  - Detection of antibodies in human sera to streptococcal groups A and C
      carbohydrates by a radioimmunoassay.
AB  - Human antibodies to streptococcal groups A and C carbohydrates were measured
      quantitatively with a radioimmunoassay using tyrosylated  125I carbohydrate.
      Analysis of acute and convalescent sera from people with groups A or C
      streptococcal pharyngeal infection or persistent carriage revealed a significant
      rise in antibodies. Inhibition reactions with the cold carbohydrate indicated the
      specificity of the elicited antibodies. In some instances, group C as well as
      group A antibodies occurred after group A pharyngeal infections. Further clinical
      and epidemiological studies are required to determine the significance of group
      specific antibodies. Antistreptolysin-O (ASO) rises were observed in individuals
      with group C antibody responses after persistent group C pharyngeal carriage. For
      this reason, epidemiological surveys that rely primarily on ASO surveys to
      determine the incidence of group A streptococcal infections must be interpreted
      with caution, at least in the developing countries, where group C pharyngeal
      carriage is common.

PMID- 368962
TI  - Characterization of human lymphocytes bearing Fc receptors for IgE isolated from
      blood and lymphoid organs.
AB  - Human lymphocytes isolated from adult peripheral blood and cord blood, tonsils,
      adenoids and spleens were analysed for Fc receptors for IgE (Fcepsilon) by
      rosette assays. The Fcepsilon+ cells were also characterized for their class of
      surface immunoglobulin (sIg), complement receptors, receptors for sheep
      erythrocytes (E), and Helix pomatia A haemagglutinin (HP), and their abilities to
      phagocytoze and adhere. The average number of Fcepsilon+ cells was in adult
      peripheral blood 1.2 +/- 0.4%, in cord blood 3.0 +/- 1.3%, in tonsils 4.2 +/-
      5.2%, in adenoids 5.8 +/- 4.2%, and in spleens varied from 0.8% to 15.8% among
      individual patients. Overnight culturing of the lymphocytes under conditions that
      allowed detection of Fc receptors for IgM (Fcmu) usually lowered the number of
      Fcepsilon+ cells. Neuraminidase treatment caused no change. Rosette formation was
      inhibited by IgE myeloma proteins and their Fc fragments, but not by mildly
      reduced and alkylated and heated (56 degrees C) IgE, indicating that the
      receptors are specific for the native configuration of the IgE Fc fragment.
      Double cell surface marker analyses with fluoresceinated F(ab')2 fragments of
      purified anti-mu, delta, and gamma antibodies used to label the Fcepsilon rosette
      forming lymphocytes from peripheral adult and cord blood showed that 50-80% were
      sIgM+ but only 0-28% were sIgD+. In contrast, approximately 80% of the Fcepsilon+
      cells from tonsils, adenoids and spleens were sIgM+ and sIgD+. The Fcesilon+
      lymphocytes represented 10-20% of the sIgM+ lymphocytes in both the peripheral
      adult and cord blood. Depletion and enrichment experiments indicated that most of
      the Fcepsilon+ cells bear complement receptors. Lymphocytes having both E and
      Fcepsilon receptors were not found. Furthermore, the lymphocytes with HP
      receptors, a marker for T cells and immature B cells, were Fcepsilon-. Monocytes
      and neutrophil granulocytes did not form Fcepsilon rosettes. These data indicated
      that a minor population of human B lymphocytes have Fcepsilon receptors. The
      majority of the Fcepsilon+ lymphocytes in the blood differ from those in tonsils,
      adenoids and spleen in that the majority of the former are sIgM+/sIgD- and the
      latter sIgM+/sIgD+. The sIgM+/sIgD- Fcepsilon+ cells in the blood are probably
      relatively mature lymphocytes since they lacked HP receptors, which are found on
      immature B cells.

PMID- 368963
TI  - Alternation of low and high affinities of secreted and cell-bound antibodies
      during the anamnestic response of rabbits to Salmonella senftenberg
      microorganisms.
AB  - We have investigated at the cellular level the variations in affinities of
      secreted antibodies and of cell receptors during the anamnestic response of
      rabbits, by using an immunization schedule made up of administrations, over
      successive intervals of 40 days, of Salmonella senftenberg vaccine. Affinities of
      free and membrane-bound antibodies biosynthesized at a given time were measured
      by inhibition of haemolytic plaque-forming cells (PFC) and rosette-forming cells
      (RFC) with spleen, lymph node, and peripheral blood cells. The immunodominant
      monosaccharide, methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (alpha-Me-Glc), was used as
      inhibitor, and the target cells were coated with the O-specific polysaccharide of
      the immunogenic microorganisms. We observed that the monosaccharide concentration
      causing a 50% inhibition (I50) alternated between low and high values in both PFC
      and RFC assays. Furthermore, when sheep erythrocytes were coated with
      polysaccharides from other strains of Salmonella bearing the determinants for
      serotypes 1 or 3 the percentage of cross-reactive PFC obtained exhibited a
      reverse oscillating pattern of variation. These results demonstrated that
      affinity of secreted antibodies or of antigen-receptors of cells, directed
      against different determinants of the antigenic polysaccharide, alternated
      between low and high values after each new vaccine administration. Possible
      mechanisms accounting for this phenomenon are discussed.

PMID- 368964
TI  - A simple method to detect complement receptors using baker's yeast: Y C rosettes.
AB  - A technique is described to identify complement-receptor-bearing cells, using
      serum-treated baker's yeast as a ligand. The method consists of incubation of
      heat-killed baker's yeasts with fresh AB normal serum, freezing, thawing, and
      washing of the particles, followed by mixing with the cells. Serum is required to
      coat the yeasts for the rosette formation. Experiments designed to establish the
      serum factors responsible for the attachment of the particles to cells show that
      heat inactivation, chelating agents, or anti-C3 treatment prevent rosette
      formation. This is taken as evidence that yeasts (Y) are coated with complement
      (C) to compose the reagent for the YC rosette technique. The application of this
      technique to twenty-five normal individuals demonstrated that a mean of 11.6 per
      100 lymphocytes (+/- 4.3) form rosettes; absolute number: 275 (+/- 160) rosette
      forming lymphocytes per mm3. Either AB or autologous fresh serum can be used to
      coat the yeasts. A combined technique for YC plus E rosettes can be performed
      allowing the identification and enumeration of four populations of lymphocytes:
      (a) those having receptors for sheep erythrocytes, (b) complement-receptor
      bearing lymphocytes, (c) those having both receptors (D lymphocytes), and (d) non
      rosette-forming non-phagocytic cells.

PMID- 368966
TI  - Recurrent group B streptococcal infections: Report of three cases.
AB  - The group B streptococcus has become a leading cause of neonatal infection.
      Despite the increasing incidence of this infection, recurrence in the same
      patient is extremely uncommon. This report describes three infants with proved
      recurrent group B streptococcal disease. All patients were treated with
      benzylpenicillin for at least 10 days, but, after a symptom-free interval, each
      developed symptoms again. Whether the illness in these patients represents a
      relapse or a true reinfection is difficult to determine. Various possibilities
      are discussed. The development of a recurrent infection indicates that presently
      recommended therapy may be inadequate in certain instances. Comments about
      epidemiology, clinical picture, antibiotic sensitivity studies, and immunity are
      made along with speculations about possible approaches to treatment and
      prevention of this infection.

PMID- 368965
TI  - Treatment of herpes zoster with idoxuridine ointment, including a multivariate
      analysis of symptoms and signs.
AB  - A double-blind, random selection comparison was made of the therapeutic effects
      in acute herpes zoster of (A) 40% idoxuridine (IDU) dissolved in dimethyl
      sulphoxide (DMSO), or one of the following ointments: (B) a basis of polyethylene
      glycol, (C) a basis with 60% DMSO, (D)  a basis with 5% IDU and 60% DMSO, and (E)
      a basis with 40% IDU and 60% DMSO. Each group comprised 20 patients. The patients
      were evaluated daily until skin healing and then at 1,3, and 6 months by
      registering 4 neurological signs, 5 clinical evaluations of skin pathology and 4
      photographic evaluations of the skin lesions. A 'profile' of the effect of each
      treatment was computed by calculating normalized means for each of the 13
      variables. A non-random distribution of the clinical and photographic variables
      indicated a statistically significant, but small therapeutic effect of treatment
      A on skin healing, whereas no convincing effect on pain or sensitivity
      disturbances was established. Treatments B-E were without positive effects. The
      information given by the highly interdependent variables were computed for each
      variable and for groups of variables after appropriate scoring. It was found that
      the photographic evaluation contributed evidence independent of the clinical
      evaluation of skin pathology. A multiple correlation analysis revealed that age
      was positively correlated to the duration of pain and to delayed healing, that
      rapid healing was intimately connected to no or short-lived pain, and
      surprisingly that zoster in the trigeminal area healed faster than in other
      locations without being correlated to less pain. Treatment A must necessarily be
      reevaluated taking into account proper controls as well as age and affected
      dermatomes.

PMID- 368967
TI  - The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction of neutrophil granulocytes from newborn
      infants and their mothers in relation to the occurrence of bacteria in amnion
      fluid and cord blood.
AB  - The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction of granulocytes from cord blood, when
      measured without in vitro stimulation with bacteria, was significantly higher
      than that of maternal granulocytes. This elevated activity may be an adequate
      response to the presence in cord blood of degradation products from the placenta
      but also of potentially pathogenic bacteria, found in cord blood of infants with
      high NBT values. On in vitro stimulation cord blood granulocytes displayed the
      same high NBT activity as those of the mothers and of healthy non-pregnant women.
      All but one blood culture from the infants 25--48 h after delivery were sterile.
      The only child with a low non-stimulated NBT activity of cord blood granulocytes
      was also the only one presenting a clinical picture of neonatal septicemia,
      though not bacteriologically verified.

PMID- 368968
TI  - An outbreak of hepatitis A investigated by immune electron microscopy and enzyme
      linked immunosorbent assay.
AB  - In a small outbreak of hepatitis A among members of a hospital staff, excretion
      of hepatitis A virus could be detected by immune electron microscopy (IEM) and
      enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 3 out of 3 cases tested. Significant
      increases in antibody titre could be shown in 4 out of 6 cases (IEM), and
      development of virus specific IgM was shown in all 6 cases (ELISA). Among these
      patients IgM could be detected after 3 months, while sera drawn after 10 months
      were negative.

PMID- 368969
TI  - The osteogenic capacity of tubular and membranous bone periosteum. A qualitative
      and quantitative experimental study in growing rabbits.
AB  - A standardized model has been designed to qualitatively and quantitatively study
      new bone formation from isolated periosteum in situ. A total of 117 operations
      were performed on the tibia and skull of 92 growing rabbits. For qualitative
      studies ordinary histological methods were used. Already after two weeks tibial
      periosteum had formed woven bone. After eight weeks cortical bone and bone marrow
      of normal amount and almost normal structure had regenerated. The bone formation
      from the skull periosteum started later and seemed to be lesser in amount and
      without woven bone as an intermediate stage. After 15 weeks a structurally normal
      calvarial bone had developed, except for the inner theca. Thus it was found that
      isolated tibial and skull periosteum in situ give rise to tubular and membranous
      bone respectively, suggesting an environmental influence. For quantitative
      studies the newly formed periosteal bone was removed, dried, weighed and ashed.
      The ashes were dissolved in HCl for spectrophotometric determination of total Ca
      content and this was used as a quantitative measure of bone amount. After 6-7
      weeks tibial periosteum had produced normal quantities of cortical bone and 7
      times more bone than the same area of skull periosteum. Calvarial periosteum was
      not potent enough to restore a skull defect completely. Surgicel which has been
      used clinically in periosteal repair of maxillary clefts, quantitatively was
      found to diminish bone formation considerably. The supposed capacity of bone
      marrow to promote bone formation was not demonstrated in this study.

PMID- 368970
TI  - Osteogenic capacity of periosteal grafts. A qualitative and quantitative study of
      membranous and tubular bone periosteum in young rabbits.
AB  - A standardized model, permitting only periosteal bone formation, has been applied
      for qualitative and quantitative studies on the osteogeneses from periosteal
      grafts. The periosteum from the tibia was grafted to the skull and vice versa.
      The investigation also included the study of periosteal bone formation combined
      with other osteogenic factors. A total of 78 operations were performed on the
      tibias and skulls of 43 growing rabbits. For qualitative studies ordinary
      histological methods were used. Tibial periosteal grafts to skull defects started
      bone formation already after 2 weeks and, via a very small amount of woven bone,
      compact bone and bone marrow was formed after 8-10 weeks. Combined epidural and
      subperiosteal bone formation gave a calvarial bone. Skull periosteal grafts to
      tibial defects started bone formation somewhat later, but, after more woven bone
      as an intermediate stage, the defect had healed with thick compact bone and bone
      marrow after about the same period. For quantitative studies the newly formed
      periosteal bone was removed, dry-weighted and ashed. The ashes were dissolved in
      HCl for spectrophotometric determination of total Ca content, which was used as a
      quantitative measure of bone amount. Tibial periosteum grafted to a calvarial
      defect halved its bone forming capacity but compared to the in situ skull
      periosteal potential, the capacity was tripled. This meant that the defect was
      completely healed. Calvarial periosteum was much less potent than was the tibial
      periosteum, when both were grafted to skull defects. However, when transplanted
      to a long bone defect the former increased its bone forming capacity 5 times
      compared to its original one as an in situ flap. Environmental functional demands
      seem to influence the type of bone formation and the final structure of the new
      bone. On the other hand, there are differences between long and membranous bone
      periosteum regarding the amount of bone formed.

PMID- 368971
TI  - The preformed autologous bone graft. An experimental study in the rabbit.
AB  - The preformation of bone grafts involves a two-step procedure. Primarily a mould
      is inserted in the donor bone. After a healing period of about 6 weeks (rabbits)
      the mould is removed. The performed bone graft (PBG) consists of the former
      cortical bone that has remodelled according to the shape of the mould. PBGs are
      today used clinically in selected cases of mandibular reconstruction. The present
      paper is the first in an animal experiment series investigating the PBG. It is
      shown that the PBG vascular supply is rearranged towards a more marrow-dominated
      circulation. Six weeks after the mould installation the bone showed evidence of
      accretion in the form of new-developed bone protrusions along the inner mould
      walls. A histochemical investigation revealed that the PBG surface cells survived
      the surgical trauma in a higher percentage than was the case when corresponding
      control grafts were examined.

PMID- 368972
TI  - Integrated prosthetic and surgical treatment of malignant tumours of the maxilla.
      A new acrylic plate device.
AB  - Surgery for malignant tumours involving the palate often leads to postoperative
      problems for the patient. Most commonly a stent or a tampon is used to fill the
      resection cavity. Both materials have disadvantages, however. To overcome these
      we have since 1972 used a preoperatively made acrylic plate to separate the oral
      cavity from the resection cavity in 20 patients. This plate is fixed to the
      mucosa or to the remaining teeth by sutures and is left in place for 10-14 days
      postoperatively.

PMID- 368973
TI  - A new and easier way to anastomose microvessels. An experimental study in rats.
AB  - A new technique for microvascular anastomosis, telescoping one vessel into the
      other requiring only 2 sutures, is described. In 28 arterial and 15 venous
      anastomoses no failures were seen as recorded 3 weeks postoperatively by micro
      dissection, micro angiography, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
      It is concluded, from this experimental study in rats, that the new anastomosis
      is faster and easier to perform and at least as reliable as the conventional end
      to end anastomosis.

PMID- 368974
TI  - Reconstruction of auricular defect with perichondrial graft: a new technique.
      Case report.
AB  - A new technique is introduced to reconstruct defects of the auricle. The
      neochondrogenic capacity in a free graft of the auricular perichondrium is used
      to build the cartilaginous framework in the missing part of the auricle. By using
      local flaps and skin grafts for coverage of the newly formed cartilage the
      missing part of the auricle is satisfactorily reconstructed.

PMID- 368975
TI  - The influence of vitamin B6 supplementation on the bone marrow morphology in
      patients on regular haemodialysis treatment. A double-blind study.
AB  - Bone marrow smears from 20 patients with chronic renal failure and on regular
      haemodialysis treatment (RDT) were morphologically analysed. A double-blind study
      of treatment with high doses of vitamin B6 showed that the patients receiving
      pyridoxine got raising frequencies of lymphocytes and monocytes in the bone
      marrow and there were morphologic signs of a normalization within the
      granulopoiesis. It is suggested that this is a sign of an enhancement of the
      immune response. The vitamin supplementation had no significant effects on the
      pronounced anemia of the patients.

PMID- 368976
TI  - Conduiturinary diversion and urinary-tract infection. I. Serum antibody titers
      against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis in relation to urographic
      findings.
AB  - The serum antibody titers against Escherichia coli and/or Proteus mirabilis were
      elevated in 26 of 80 patients (33%) with a conduit urinary diversion. Urographic
      findings were abnormal in 44 of these 80 patients (55%). Urography was normal in
      59% of the patients with normal antibody titers, but in only 15% of those with
      elevated titers. Raised antibody levels against E. coli O antigen (greater than
      256 before and/or greater than 32 after mercaptoethanol treatment of serum) were
      associated with wide upper urinary tract or calculi more often than were normal
      E. coli antibody titers. Raised titers against P. mirabilis (greater than 256
      before and/or greater than 32 after mercaptoethanol treatment of serum) were
      associated with scarring of the renal parenchyma more frequently than were normal
      titers. A statistically significant association was found between "small" kidney
      area and raised serum antibody titers against E. coli or P. mirabilis. The
      frequency of "small" kidney increased with the time lapse after urinary
      diversion. At 3 to 11 months postoperatively it was 29%, but among the patients
      with urinary diversion for more than five years the corresponding frequency was
      82%. When at least one kidney was "small", the serum creatinine was higher than
      when both kidneys were of normal size. Patients with raised antibody titers
      tended also to have high serum creatinine (greater than or equal to 124 mumol/l)
      more often than those with normal titers (23 vs. 10%). These observations imply a
      connection between elevation of the antibody titers and destruction of the renal
      parenchyma in patients with conduit urinary diversion. They illustrate the value
      of antibody titration in the follow-up of patients with urinary diversion.

PMID- 368977
TI  - Conduit urinary diversion and urinary-tract infection. II. Raised serum antibody
      titers against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis in relation to
      bacteriologic findings.
AB  - Elevated serum antibody titers against Escherichia coli and/or Proteus mirabilis
      were found in 35% of 89 patients with a conduit urinary diversion. Statistical
      analysis showed significant correlation between the titers and growth of E. coli
      or P. mirabilis in conduit urine. But 17 (24%) of 72 patients without E. coli in
      urine cultures had raised E. coli antibody titer. Only 3 (4%) of 68 patients
      without growth of P. mirabilis had raised P. mirabilis antibody titer. When the
      post-diversion observation period was more than five years, the frequency of
      antibody titer elevation was greater than in patients with shorter post-diversion
      follow-up. The volume of residual urine in the conduit showed statistically
      significant correlation with presence of bacteriuria and with the antibody titer
      level against P. mirabilis. Patients with high antibody titers tended to have
      high readings of serum creatinine. Antibiotic therapy reduced elevated E. coli
      and P. mirabilis antibody titers. Titration of antibodies to E. coli and P.
      mirabilis is recommended in the follow-up care of patients with conduit urinary
      diversion.

PMID- 368978
TI  - Extracorporeal surgery and autotransplantation for carcinoma of the pelvis and
      ureter.
AB  - Multiple transitional cell tumours of the renal pelvis and proximal ureter of a
      solitary kidney were successfully managed by total ureterectomy, extracorporeal
      subtotal resection of the renal pelvis, autotransplantation, and
      calicovesicostomy. The method permits resection of a maximum of the uroepithelium
      of the upper urinary tract at the same time as it preserves available renal
      parenchyma. It also implies a new and exciting approach to the renal pelvis for
      endoscopic postoperative control and local treatment of the malignancy.

PMID- 368979
TI  - Mononuclear phagocytes in the central nervous system. Origin, mode of
      distribution, and function of progressive microglia, perivascular cells of
      intracerebral vessels, free subarachnoidal cells, and epiplexus cells.

PMID- 368980
TI  - The medical influence of the stethoscope.

PMID- 368981
TI  - Acute allograft rejection and lymphocyte function in canine lung transplantation.

PMID- 368982
TI  - AAAS officers, staff, committees, and representatives for 1979.

PMID- 368983
TI  - Polyarthritis: the differential diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 368984
TI  - Immunology of renal transplantation.

PMID- 368986
TI  - Gastrointestinal complications of renal transplantation.

PMID- 368985
TI  - Cardiopulmonary complications of renal transplantation.

PMID- 368988
TI  - Urologic complications of renal transplantation.

PMID- 368987
TI  - Abnormalities of bone and soft tissue following renal transplantation.

PMID- 368990
TI  - Helping the underperforming reader.

PMID- 368989
TI  - The renal transplant: rejection and acute tubular necrosis.

PMID- 368991
TI  - Therapeutic renal infarction.

PMID- 368992
TI  - Function-preserving procedures in primary reconstruction following surgery for
      advanced oral cancer--an appraisal.

PMID- 368993
TI  - [The repair of a terminal heart].

PMID- 368994
TI  - Skin necrosis after warfarin therapy.
AB  - A rare but potentially lethal complication of coumarin and its congeners is skin
      necrosis. A case of skin necrosis due to warfarin is reported and the literature
      is reviewed. It is suggested that if necrosis develops, the coumarin therapy
      should be terminated, and the patient should immediately be heparinized. Heparin,
      which never causes necrosis, can be used freely if further anticoagulation
      therapy is required, and may well prevent necrosis due to the thrombotic process.

PMID- 368995
TI  - The City Hospital for Infectious Diseases--conception and first years.
AB  - Cape Town had no proper facilities for dealing with infectious disease when, in
      1894, Dr Barney Fuller, city MOH, began a 6-year flight to establish the City
      Hospital for Infectious Diseases. The project was delayed, first by disputes
      between the city and the Colonial Government about paying for it, and then by the
      outbreak of the South African War. As a result, the hospital when built in 1900
      was taken over by the military, and was only developed for its proper purpose by
      Dr Jasper Anderson in 1902.

PMID- 368996
TI  - A serodiagnostic reaction in syphilis: the work of Wassermann, Neisser, and
      Bruck.

PMID- 368997
TI  - [Study of an inhibitor of platelet aggregation [prostacycline] derived from rat
      arterial wall (author's transl)].

PMID- 368998
TI  - [Antithrombin III: the correlation structure-function in healthy people and in
      cirrhotic patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 368999
TI  - [Hemorrhagic changes induced by drug].

PMID- 369000
TI  - [Results of CAP combination chemotherapy in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's
      lymphomata in stages III and IV. Report on fifty cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 369001
TI  - Institutionalized SSI recipients covered by Medicaid, June 1977.

PMID- 369003
TI  - Mikulicz's obituary of Theodor Billroth.

PMID- 369002
TI  - Polyethylene-glycol-mediated cybrid formation: high-efficiency techniques and
      cybrid formation without enucleation.
AB  - Polyethylene glycol (PEG) can be used to promote the fusion of enucleated
      cytoplasts from chloramphenicol (CAP)-resistant mouse cells with intact cells,
      resulting in the formation of viable cybrids. The techniques are simple and
      highly efficient, yielding up to one viable cybrid per 20 intact cells fused. It
      also seems that PEG can be used to induce cybrid formation without the necessity
      of prior enucleation of the CAP-resistant cells.

PMID- 369004
TI  - Necrotizing enterocolitis in the neonate.
AB  - Necrotizing enterocolitis has become the most common condition requiring
      emergency surgical treatment in the newborn infant, far surpassing all major
      congenital anomalies in number of presentations and in deaths after surgical
      treatment. No single cause for the disease is known. Necrotizing enterocolitis is
      characterized by ischemic necrosis of the intestine, with minimal inflammation.
      In 25 of 50 per cent of patients, surgical resection of gangrenous bowel is
      necessary. Operation is reserved for infants with intestinal perforation or
      grangrene. Recent refinements of indications for operation often permit surgical
      intervention to coincide with the advent of intestinal gangrene. At operation,
      expeditious resection of frankly necrotic bowel and exteriorization of the
      marginally viable ends is all that should be attempted. Special problems
      postoperatively consist of management of sepsis, maintenance of nutrition and
      vigilant observation for early and late complications, particularly the
      development of ischemic intestinal stricture.

PMID- 369005
TI  - Complications in colonoscopy.
AB  - Colonoscopy, when performed for appropriate indications and by experienced,
      competent personnel, is a remarkably safe procedure. The occasional complications
      which occur may be the result of pneumatic, mechanical or electrical injuries to
      the colon or may develop as secondary disorders involving other organ systems.
      Most complications can be successfully prevented by adequately preparing both the
      endoscopist and the patient and by avoiding colonoscopy when specific
      contraindications are present. Should complications occur, their management
      generally follows established surgical principles. Even though colonoscopy has
      made a dramatic impact upon the diagnosis of and therapy for disease of the large
      intestines, it is important for practitioners to be mindful of its limitations.
      Future developments, applied rationally, can be expected to extend its usefulness
      and further improve its safety.

PMID- 369007
TI  - Methylprednisolone in the prevention of cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic
      disorders during endotoxin shock in the dog.
AB  - These results provide evidence that steroid pretreatment and subsequent post
      treatment prevent cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic alterations during four
      hours of Escherichia coli endotoxin shock in the dog. However, in this study, no
      data are provided on how the steroid prevents an increase in cerebral vascular
      resistance, and no clear answer is available in the literature. While active
      vasodilation or alpha-adrenergic blocking properties, or both, have been
      attributed to glucocorticoids, recent evidence does not support these findings
      during normal conditions or circulatory shock. If the increase in cerebral
      vascular resistance is passive, steroids may help by preventing platelet
      aggregation, cell disruption and subsequent microvascular plugging. Intravenously
      administered fluids, dextran-saline solution, while in themselves are probably
      not important to survival, may augment cerebral blood flow during shock through a
      blood dilutional effect. Finally, it is possible that steroids act to permit
      normal, long term cerebral auto-regulation, which is apparently impaired during
      endotoxin shock in the dog.

PMID- 369006
TI  - A prospective controlled trial of sclerotherapy in the long term management of
      patients after esophageal variceal bleeding.
AB  - The preliminary results of the first 25 months of a prospective randomized
      controlled clinical trial, designed to compare repeated injection sclerotherapy
      with conservative medical management in the long term treatment of all patients
      shown to have previously bled from esophageal varices, are presented in detail.
      To date, 31 patients have been randomized, 15 in the chronic injection group and
      16 in the control medical management group. In addition, five patients excluded
      for geographic reasons have been injected out of trial. Ethanolamine oleate has
      been injected into the varices, using a modified rigid esophagoscope under
      general anesthesia. The preliminary results have been encouraging. It has been
      possible to eradicate esophageal varices in the chronic injection group and, once
      the varices had been eradicated, no patient had recurrence of variceal bleeding.
      On the other hand, recurrent variceal bleeds have remained a continuing problem
      in a number of the patients in the control study. A longer follow-up period will
      be required to assess both the quantitative and the qualitative aspects of
      survival and to determine how long esophageal varices will remain eradicated as
      well as how frequently repeated injections will be required.

PMID- 369008
TI  - Antacid therapy and nutritional supplementation in the prevention of Curling's
      ulcer.
AB  - The incidence of clinically evident Curling's ulcer among 109 potentially
      salvageable severely burned patients was reviewed. These patients, who had
      greater than a 40 per cent body surface area burn, received one of these three
      treatment regimens: antacids hourly until autografting was complete, antacids
      hourly during the early postburn period followed by nutritional supplementation
      with Vivonex until autografting was complete or no antacids during the early
      postburn period but subsequent nutritional supplementation with Vivonex until
      autografting was complete. Clinically evident Curling's ulcer occurred in three
      patients. This incidence approximates the lowest reported among severely burned
      patients treated prophylactically with acid-reducing regimens to minimize
      clinically evident Curling's ulcer. In addition to its protective effect on
      Curling's ulcer, Vivonex, when used in combination with a high protein, high
      caloric diet, meets the caloric needs of the severely burned patient. Probably,
      Vivonex, which has a pH range of 4.5 to 5.4 protects against clinically evident
      Curling's ulcer by a dilutional alkalinization of gastric secretion.

PMID- 369009
TI  - Intraperitoneal irrigation with povidone-iodine solution for the prevention of
      intra-abdominal abscesses in the bacterially contaminated abdomen.
AB  - A prospective randomized investigation was undertaken, involving 168 consecutive
      patients undergoing laparotomy for conditions accompanying bacterially
      contaminated peritoneal cavities, to evaluate the effectiveness of povidone
      iodine irrigation of the peritoneum in preventing the development of intra
      abdominal abscesses. In the treatment group irrigated with povidone-iodine
      solution, 0.1 per cent available iodine, one of 80 patients had an abscess, 1.3
      per cent, while, in the saline solution irrigated control group, nine of 88
      patients had abscesses, 10.2 per cent, p less than 0.05. Although the serum
      iodine levels were elevated 24 hours after intraperitoneal irrigation with
      povidone-iodine solution, iodine levels returned to near normal by 72 hours.
      Thyroxine levels showed no major changes. No complications resulting from the use
      of povidone-iodine were recognized.

PMID- 369010
TI  - Recent advances in the treatment of systemic mycotic infections.
AB  - Serious therapeutic problems are posed by the increasing incidence of invasive
      fungal infections in transplant recipients as well as in patients with
      compromised immune defenses, prosthetic devices and grafts and several other
      predisposing factors. A number of new approaches, including combination drug
      treatment and the development of newer agents, may justify increased optimism in
      the management of these infections.

PMID- 369011
TI  - Stereotactic implantation of iridium192 into CNS neoplasms.
AB  - A new method of stereotactic implantation of Iridium192 into CNS neoplasms is
      presented along with a method for tumor localization by computerized axial
      tomography, stereotactic angiography and stereotactic serial biopsies. A case
      treated with this technique is presented with an encouraging short term result.

PMID- 369012
TI  - Segmental pancreatic transplantation in pigs.
AB  - Segmental pancreatic allotransplants were performed intraperitoneally in pigs
      with and without ligation of the duct. Exocrine pancreatic function was
      suppressed by the administration of glucagon. All recipients also received high
      doses of methylprednisolone for the first 10 days after transplant as well as
      cyclophosphamide until death or sacrifice. Some animals received antilymphocyte
      globulin (ALG) in addition. Diabetes was induced by total panreatectomy.
      Allotransplantation in pancreatectomized animals was successful in preventing
      hyperglycemia for up to 33 days of observation. ALG in the dosage used did not
      show any beneficial effects and varying degrees of rejection occurred in the
      majority of these unmatched animal pairs. Grafts without ligation of the duct
      seemed to show the best preservation of tissue because of absence of obstructive
      damage following duct ligation. Of significance is the fact that no
      intraperitoneal inflammatory or infectious complications occurred in recipients
      of either duct-ligated or unligated grafts, presumably because of suppression of
      exocrine function with glucagon and the reabsorptive capability of the peritoneal
      surface. We speculate that this is a satisfactory physiological model for
      continued trials in pancreatic transplantation, although antirejection therapy
      was far from satisfactory.

PMID- 369013
TI  - Simplified distal pancreatectomy with the Auto Suture stapler: preliminary
      clinical observations.
AB  - The most serious complication following distal pancreatectomy is the development
      of a pancreatic fistula or subphrenic abscess. These complications are
      particularly prone to occur following distal pancreatectomy for trauma. The
      injured pancreas is divided in a contaminated field, often in the presence of
      hemorrhage and partly devitalized tissues, in which identification and secure
      closure of the transected pancreatic duct may be difficult. A review of 12
      surgical publications describing experience with 234 distal pancreatectomies
      performed for trauma found the average pancreatic fistula rate to be 13% an in
      some reports as high as 25% to 30%. In an attempt to decrease the high
      postoperative fistula rate after distal pancreatectomy, transection of the gland
      with the autosuture has been investigated. There are at least three theoretical
      advantages of this technique. The pancreas is transected through healthy tissue,
      the pancreatic duct is closed securely, and stainless steel sutures are used,
      which probably are more resistant to the development of infection than other
      suture material. This report describes a technique of distal pancreatectomy for
      both trauma surgery and elective surgery with the TA-55 Auto Suture stapler. TA
      55 Auto Suture stapler, with 3.5 mm staples, is placed across the mobilized
      pancreas, and two rows of staggered stainless steel staples are laid down. The
      gland distal to the stapler then is amputated. At present this technique has been
      used in a total of 12 cases--four for trauma and eight during elective
      procedures. One fistula related to pancreatectomy performed with the Auto Suture
      stapler developed, for a complication rate of 8.3%. This preliminary experience
      indicates that a more widespread evaluation of this technique is indicated.

PMID- 369014
TI  - Expanded microporous polytetrafluoroethylene as a vascular substitute: a two year
      follow-up.
AB  - Since 1974, 131 femoropopliteal, distal popliteal, and tibial bypasses have been
      performed using expanded microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Forty
      patients were operated on for limb salvage, and 21 had had previous bypass
      procedures. The overall patency rate was 82%. Early occlusions possibly were
      related to technical error, but most probably were due to severity of disease and
      poor runoff. Late occlusions were related to progressive atherosclerosis in the
      proximal or distal arterial tree. A 75.7% cumulative patency rate was noted at 28
      months. In man the PTFE prosthesis demonstrates a smooth intimal lining with
      fibroblastic ingrowth into the interstices of the graft. These results are
      considered to be excellent in this high-risk patient population. The patency
      rates achieved with PTFE are better than those accomplished with alternative
      conduits and approach the patency rates reported with autogenous saphenous vein.
      Expanded microporous polytetrafluoroethylene with its high patency, pliability,
      and tissue incorporation is an excellent arterial substitute. Only with continued
      use of this material and a more uniform patient selection can more equitable
      comparisons be made between expanded PTFE and the autogenous vein.

PMID- 369015
TI  - Amino acid metabolism in dogs with E. coli bacteremic shock.
AB  - In 10 fasting dogs receiving 10(9) viable E. coli bacteria per kilogram
      intravenously, mean systolic blood pressure decreased from 120.6 +/- 15.1 to 82.2
      +/- 12.8 mm Hg. The association of hypoglycemia and increased arterial alanine
      and glycine with elevated plasma glucagon implied impaired gluconeogenesis. A
      rapid elevation of blood urea concentration, indicating increased ureagenesis, a
      fall of blood glucose, and an increase of net urea synthesis relative to that of
      glucose suggested that an increased proportion of the carbon residues derived
      from glucogenic amino acids is catabolized via pathways other than
      gluconeogenesis. In the bacteremic dogs the absolute net release from the leg of
      valine, isoleucine, and leucine and their net release relative to the net rate of
      proteolysis were decreased, suggesting increased oxidation of these amino acids
      in skeletal muscle. An increased net release of alanine relative to the net rate
      of protein catabolism in muscle was in agreement with this contention.

PMID- 369016
TI  - [Interview with Inger Gotzsche: nursing history is a struggle for education and
      personal freedom].

PMID- 369017
TI  - [Interview with Margrethe Kruse: if I have anything at all I'll come out with it
      the way I mean it].

PMID- 369018
TI  - [Premedication in dental practice. Ethanol in dental practice].

PMID- 369019
TI  - [Pour acrylates. Points of view and data from the literature].

PMID- 369020
TI  - [Drug therapy of ankylosing spondyloarthritis (Bechterew's disease)].

PMID- 369021
TI  - [Changes in the level and metabolism of a number of hormones (insulin,
      somatotropin, thyrotropin, thyroid hormones, ACTH and cortisol) in myocardial
      infarct in vitro and in vivo according to the radioisotope dilution tests].

PMID- 369022
TI  - [Comparison between humoral and cellular immune response to antigen of
      Streptococcus group A cytoplasm in patients with rheumatism].

PMID- 369023
TI  - Toxicity of ethylenethiourea in pregnant cats.

PMID- 369025
TI  - [Rehabilitation of patients on long term dialysis and after renal transplantation
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 369024
TI  - [Rehabilitation in child and adolescent psychiatry (author's transl)].

PMID- 369027
TI  - [Methods of determining principal hypolipidemic agents].

PMID- 369026
TI  - [Paracetamol].

PMID- 369028
TI  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 interaction in vivo. Regulation by aspirin
      and relationship with anti-thrombotic therapy.

PMID- 369029
TI  - Unbalanced prostaglandin synthesis and plasma factors in uraemic bleeding. A
      hypothesis.

PMID- 369030
TI  - Preparation of a human factor VII deficient plasma.

PMID- 369032
TI  - [Cotrimoxazole resistance of Escherichia coli].

PMID- 369031
TI  - Effect of ticlopidine and acetylsalicylic acid on generation of prostaglandin I2
      like substance in rat arterial tissue.

PMID- 369033
TI  - [Congress 1978; granting of the Annual Award 1977].

PMID- 369035
TI  - [Infections with strains of Escherichia coli indistinguishable from non
      pathogenic porcine coliform organisms in animals other than swine (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A report on sixty cases in which so-called porcine coliform organisms were
      isolated post-mortem from various species of animal. Clinically, these were cases
      of abortion (cattle, dogs) and enterotoxaemia (sheep, dogs, cats, rabbits, goats,
      guinea pigs, deer and birds).

PMID- 369034
TI  - Food-borne parasitic infections--old stories and new facts.
AB  - A review is presented of food-borne parasitic infections. Parasitic infections
      with public health hazards both from conventional slaughter animals and from
      seafood (fish and shellfish) are discussed. The former category includes
      cysticercosis, echinococcosis, and trichinosis, the latter category covers
      various trematode, cestode, nematode, and possibly also protozoan infections.
      Examples of trematode infections are heterophyidiasis, transmitted to man by
      marine fish, and Paragonimus spp parasites, transmitted by crustaceans. Cestode
      infections include diphyllobothriasis transmitted by both fresh water fish and
      fish from brackish waters. Special attention is drawn to the condition known as
      sparganosis. Of the nematode infections, the eosinophilic granulomatous enteritis
      due to the genera Anisakis, Phocanema, and Contracaecum, transmitted to man by
      either marine fish or crustaceans, is mentioned. Two other nematode infections.
      Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Capillaria philippinensis, can also be
      transmitted to man by marine fish. Free living amoebae (a.o. Naegleria) may be
      transmitted to man via shellfish as vehicles. Apart from a possible direct effect
      of these parasites, chemical alterations in seafood resulting from the presence
      of parasites may also be deleterious to the consumer. Special attention is drawn
      to a newly developed serological detection method, the enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay, which makes detection of infection possible not only at the
      slaughterhouse but also at the farm or in large herds. Strategies to control
      parasitic infections both in conventional slaughter animals and in seafood are
      discussed.

PMID- 369037
TI  - The transfusion policy of the North Italy transplant program.

PMID- 369036
TI  - [Studies on the bacterial causes of neonatal mortality in foals. Report on post
      mortem findings (author's transl)].
AB  - The causes of neonatal mortality in foals were studied over a period of two
      years. The total number of foals studied was 121. Bacterial infection was found
      to be an important factor. Infection caused by A. equuli (1.6%) which previously
      was the most important one, has been superseded by E. coli infection (56%). E.
      coli infections particularly occur during the first weeks of life and, depending
      on the course of the disease, give rise to various pathological changes.
      Infections running an acute course are mainly marked by pathological changes of
      the lung and lymphoid organs. Infections running a subacute course are frequently
      associated with polyarthritis and polyserositis. Another important cause of
      infection during the first weeks of life is Klebsiella pneumonia (10%). The
      pathological changes occurring in this infection are markedly similar to those in
      subacute E. coli infection. Infections with Salmonella spp. (7%) mainly occur in
      the older foals (1-3 months) affected with polyarthritis. C. equi and
      streptococcal infections (11%) also mainly occur in the older foals (1-3 months).
      The pathological features are characterized by generalized purulent lesions in
      various organs. In spite of the fact that post-mortem findings suggested
      septicaemia, bacteriological examination was negative in 12% of the foals. The
      discussion is concerned with an assessment of the relationship between the
      pathomorphological findings and the pathogenesis of the various infections.

PMID- 369038
TI  - Nervous system responses to work - site chemicals - toxicological basis.
AB  - A number of materials which are applied in the chemical industry in the work
      environment are liable to produce injury to health, particularly neurotoxic
      disturbances, when absorbed by the organism. The effects exerted are determined
      by the anatomic-structural factors of the nervous system and the physico-chemical
      characteristics of a given neurotoxicant. Some of the materials to be considered
      exhibit pronounced affinities for certain structures and ganglion groups in the
      central or peripheral nervous system. This gives rise to specific patterns of
      morphologic or functional disturbances or lesions and ultimately leads to the
      development of different clinical symptoms which manifest themselves as distinct
      intoxication pictures characteristic of certain work-site chemicals. Currently
      available suggestions for a grouping of industrial neurotoxicants which is both
      systematic and convenient to handle for practical purposes take their bearing
      from the clinical and morphologic-structural features reported in the literature.

PMID- 369040
TI  - 1977 Bibliographic index: Poisons, toxins and venoms of natural origin.

PMID- 369039
TI  - The interaction between alcohol, chlorpropamide and phenformin in a severe
      combined poisoning: case report.
AB  - A young non-diabetic woman ingested 2.5-3.7 g of chlorpropamide and 0.6-0.9 g of
      phenformin together with a large dose of alcohol, nitrofurantoin and promethazine
      in a suicidal attempt. She developed severe metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia,
      polyuria and prolonged hypoglycemia in the absence of typical hypoglycemic
      symptoms. These unusual clinical features were in part explained on the basis of
      the interactions between alcohol and the other drugs.

PMID- 369041
TI  - [Aleksandr Ivanovich Evdokimov (on his 95th birthday)].

PMID- 369042
TI  - [Experience in using polychemotherapy in combination with irradiation in
      disseminated tumors of the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 369043
TI  - [Intraosseous alcohol-Novocain blockade as a method of anesthesia and as a
      therapeutic factor].

PMID- 369044
TI  - [Effectiveness of using the new base material, acronyl].

PMID- 369045
TI  - [Effect of metallic dental prostheses on biochemical salivary indices in lichen
      ruber planus of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 369046
TI  - [Osteoplasty of defects of the mandible using Kiel grafts].

PMID- 369047
TI  - [Functional molecular model of the structure of the enamel].

PMID- 369048
TI  - [Use of thin-walled blanks for preparing crowns with bipolar fixation of the
      plastic].

PMID- 369049
TI  - [Clinical and microbiological studies on the effect of locally applied
      aminofluorides on bacterial plaque and gingiva condition of Soviet school
      children].
AB  - In a short-term (over 4 weeks) clinico-microbiological study on 18 Soviet school
      children, 12 years of age, it was found that a supervised oral hygiene action
      with the amine fluoride-containing caries-preventing agents Silca and Elmex fluid
      (produced in the GDR) had resulted in a marked reduction in plaque formation, an
      improvement in gingival conditions and a reduction of the germ content in the
      plaques.

PMID- 369050
TI  - [Possibilities and significance of immunological diagnosis for the differential
      diagnosis of periodontal diseases].
AB  - A clearer understanding of the aetiology of periodontal diseases can only be
      gained by further studies on the effects of plaques on the organism. Furthermore,
      the pathogenic plaque components must be assessed. It seems worth while
      maintaining the working hypothesis that periodontal disease is a plaque-induced
      clinical picture and that its various types are due to variations in the power of
      resistance of the organism. The better understanding of this changed reactivity
      and of the pathogenic plaque components must be aimed at.

PMID- 369051
TI  - [Significance of microscopy preparations in periodontal diseases].
AB  - A simple microscopic method for the quantitative determination of bacteria,
      leucocytes and epithelial cells was tested on 24 healthy subjects and 75 patients
      with the diagnosis of periodontal disease. It was found that the microscopic
      picture is on principle, in correlation with exact clinical data, suited for
      detecting periodontal disease.

PMID- 369052
TI  - [Roentgenological evaluation of success of nonvital teeth following treatment
      with dental post and crown].
AB  - For the purpose of a comparative study on the occurrence of periapical changes in
      non-vital teeth after application of pin crowns, the authors examined
      radiologically 379 teeth, 175 of which had been apicectomized. The groups of
      teeth with pin crowns was compared with the group of apicectomized teeth with pin
      crowns and with a control group of 60 teeth which had only had endodontic
      treatment. The statistical analysis showed that the group of teeth with pin
      crowns did not differ significantly from the control group in the occurrence of
      periapical changes. On the contrary, there was a marked increase in periapical
      changes in the group of apicectomized teeth with pin crowns compared to the two
      other groups. This difference was statistically significant.

PMID- 369053
TI  - [Hospital and outpatient clinic for dentistry-past and future].
AB  - A short historical survey deals with the development of the Clinic and Policlinic
      of Stomatology of the Magdeburg Medical Academy. Apart from especially marked
      stages prior to the erection of the new building in 1958 and the appreciation of
      the merits of F. Meyer, founder of the Clinic, the present paper treats the
      interdisciplinary connexion of the Clinic with other institutions of the
      Magdeburg Medical Academy and indicates its tasks in the fields of medical care,
      of medical education, training and continuing education, and of research. From a
      discussion on its significance and importance in the framework of the health
      policy of the Socialist Health Service of the GDR, certain speculations on its
      prospects are deduced (with reference to certain facts), and the consequences
      necessary for the continuation of its present development are pointed to.

PMID- 369054
TI  - [Development of dentistry in the Magdeburg district].
AB  - The author outlines some important stages of the development of medicine and, by
      that, of dentistry--the historical data evince their close connexion--especially
      in the region of Magdeburg. In view of the particularities and difficulties
      mentioned, it is easy to understand that the targeted practice of dentistry has
      become possible only in the twenties of our century.

PMID- 369055
TI  - [Osteoplastic interlocking in recurrent temporomandibular joint dislocation].
AB  - A short survey of the problems encountered in the treatment of recurrent
      luxations of the temporomandibular joint is followed by the description of the
      method of osteoplastic interlocking according to Rehrmann. In accordance with
      favourable reports in the literature, the authors' experience also permits to
      recommend this method.

PMID- 369056
TI  - [Sarcoma following injury (case report)].

PMID- 369057
TI  - [Possibilities of detecting ABH system antigens in teeth, dental calculi and the
      deposits on dental prostheses].

PMID- 369058
TI  - [Evaluation of the results of determining thallium in the forensic chemical
      analysis of exhumed corpses (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 369059
TI  - [Lazar' Markovich Eidlin].

PMID- 369061
TI  - Annotated bibliography of "suicide": AJPH, 1911--1978, and PHR, 1930--1978.

PMID- 369060
TI  - Lorenzo in Wonderland: a short play based upon the death of D. H. Lawrence.

PMID- 369062
TI  - Ancient Greek feeding-bottles.

PMID- 369063
TI  - An experimental base for paleopathologic diagnosis.

PMID- 369064
TI  - A discussion of Dr. Michael R. Zimmerman's paper, "An experimental base for
      paleopathologic diagnosis.

PMID- 369065
TI  - John D. Quackenbos, M.D. (1848-1926): a man for all seasons.

PMID- 369066
TI  - Physicians and the development of scientific agriculture, empiricism to science
      1731-1863.

PMID- 369067
TI  - A discussion of Dr. Eugene H. Conner's paper, "Physicians and the development of
      scientific agriculture, empiricism and science 1731-1863".

PMID- 369068
TI  - A tale of two colonial cities: inoculation against smallpox in Philadelphia and
      in Boston.

PMID- 369069
TI  - Memoir of Abraham M. Ornsteen (1894-1978).

PMID- 369070
TI  - Memoir of George J. Willauer (1896-1977).

PMID- 369071
TI  - [Action of chlorhexidine on bacterial plaque].

PMID- 369072
TI  - [Individual trays for functional impressions of the maxilla].

PMID- 369073
TI  - Bacterial toxins and diarrhoea.

PMID- 369074
TI  - Cholera Research Laboratory in Dacca, Bangladesh - a brief history.

PMID- 369075
TI  - [In memoriam Theodor Freiherr von Brand].

PMID- 369076
TI  - Comparative trial on the therapeutic effectiveness of the new anthelmintic drug:
      ciclobendazole.
AB  - In a double-blind study in Cameroon the vermicidal effect of Ciclobendazole, a
      new Benzimidazole derivative, was evaluated and compared to Mebendazole.
      Ciclobendazole and Mebendazole were equally effective in the treatment of Ascaris
      and Hookworm infestations. An increase in the dosis of Ciclobendazole from 600 mg
      to 1200 mg did not lead to an improvement in the effectiveness. When treating
      trichuriasis significantly better results were achieved with Mebendazole (p =
      0.01). Both drugs were tolerated equally well. Side effects, such as vomiting and
      diarrhoea, only occurred in a small percentage of cases.

PMID- 369077
TI  - [Nonadditivity and interference in detecting the factors of quantitative traits
      by the marker method].

PMID- 369079
TI  - Malignant Brenner tumor of the ovary: case report with a review of the
      literature.
AB  - A case of malignant Brenner tumor of the ovary is reported. From a survey of the
      literature some anatomo-clinical considerations are drawn and the histopathologic
      criteria for diagnosis are discussed.

PMID- 369078
TI  - Fc receptor-like structures on in vitro-cultured human ovarian tumor cells.
AB  - Four ovarian cystadenocarcinomas cultured in vitro were tested by a radioisotopic
      method with sera from cancer patients or healthy donors to search for a possible
      specific antitumor immune response of patients bearing ovarian tumors. However,
      the ovarian tumor cells were found to bear on their membrane surface structures
      able to bind immunoglobulins from any tested serum, thus making impossible the
      detection of a hypothetical specific antitumor antibody. These structures were
      demonstrated to bind the Fc portion of the Ig and were therefore similar to the
      Fc receptors described on various normal cells, particularly of the
      immunocompetent compartment.

PMID- 369080
TI  - [Meningitis and bacteremia in newborns in the County of Funen in 1965-1976 with
      special attention to Streptococcus group B].

PMID- 369081
TI  - [Antibiotics in perforated appendicitis. A controlled prospective comparison of
      penicillin and streptomycin with minocyclin].

PMID- 369083
TI  - Cancer of the urinary bladder - epidemiology and aetiology.

PMID- 369084
TI  - Immunoperoxidase staining of carcinoembryonic antigen in urinary bladder cancer.
AB  - An immunoperoxidase study of the presence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in
      primary cancers of the urinary bladder, metastases to the bladder, non-malignant
      diseased bladder, and normal bladder tissues revealed that approximately 10
      percent of the urothelial carcinomas (transitional cell and squamous cell types)
      contained detectable quantities of this antigen. The other tissues were devoid of
      stainable CEA. It thus appears that the incidence of positive CEA by
      immunoperoxidase staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumour tissue
      sections is much less than the frequency of blood or urinary CEA elevations in
      patients with urothelial cancer.

PMID- 369082
TI  - Current concepts of the aetiology, pathogenesis and pathology of bladder cancer.
AB  - Attention is directed to the information currently available on the pathogenesis
      of human bladder cancer. The continuum between carcinoma, carcinoma-in-situ and
      other epithelial abnormalities is noted. Pre-neoplastic lesions are defined as
      irreversible but not necessarily progressive, and a possible morphologic marker
      for pre-neoplasia seen with scanning electron microscopy is described.

PMID- 369085
TI  - Carcinoembryonic antigen in serum, urine and cells of patients with bladder
      carcinoma.
AB  - A raised level of CEA-like substance has been demonstrated by radioimmunoassay in
      the urine of patients with bladder carcinoma, in concentrations which increase
      with a more advanced stage, and in serum of patients with advanced disease. In a
      2-year follow-up of patients receiving chemotherapy, a correlation of raised
      urinary CEA to local recurrence was seen, as well as rising and high serum values
      with metastases. In the patients who responded to treatment, CEA values became
      normal. CEA was also located in carcinoma cells from bladder washings in 24--61%
      of the cases. Combined studies of CEA in serum, urine and cells may be used to
      study the biology of the tumour and perhpas also in the monitoring of patients
      with urothelial carcinoma.

PMID- 369086
TI  - Transplantation for polycystic kidney disease.
AB  - Twenty-four patients with end stage renal failure due to polycystic renal disease
      have been treated with hemodialysis and transplantation. While on dialysis, the
      incidence of complications did not differ from a similar group of patients with
      other causes of renal failure. Bilateral pretransplant nephrectomy is not
      mandatory except in cases of persistent infection or hemorrhage. A much higher
      incidence of HLA A3 and HLA B7 was noted in patients with polycystic disease when
      compared with the general population. Following cadaver renal transplantation,
      kidney function was significantly better in patients with polycystic disease when
      compared with those with other forms of renal failure. Patient survival was the
      same in both groups. We conclude that hemodialysis and transplantation are
      acceptable forms of treatment for a patient with end stage polycystic renal
      disease.

PMID- 369087
TI  - Anaerobic bacteriuria in renal transplantation.
AB  - Renal allograft recipients were studied prospectively utilizing improved culture
      techniques to investigate anaerobic bacteriuria. The study population was
      compared with a population of patients with chronic renal insufficiency and end
      stage renal disease. The over-all incidence of anaerobic urinary tract infection
      was 7.5 per cent while the over-all incidence of aerobic urinary tract infection
      was 23.5  per cent. Patients with cadaver renal transplants during the early
      postoperative period had the highest incidnece of both anaerobic (42.9 per cent)
      and aerobic (71.4 per cent) urinary tract infection of all groups. The potential
      association between significant anaerobic bacteriuria during the first
      postoperative month and poor  prognosis for cadaver renal allografts merits
      further investigation.

PMID- 369089
TI  - American Association of Genito-Urinary Surgeons. Members.

PMID- 369088
TI  - Ureteral reconstruction in renal transplantation.
AB  - The complications associated with ureteral reconstruction in renal
      transplantation produce significant morbiditiy and mortality rates. We have
      evolved a combined intravesical-extravesical nonstented ureteroneocystostomy and
      have used it in 100 consecutive transplants, 50 of which were in high-risk
      diabetic recipients. No instances of urinary extravasation, fistula formation,
      disruption of the ureterovesical anastomosis, ureteral solughing, or
      ureterovesical obstruction have occurred in this series. The lack of urologic
      complications utilizing this technique offers reduced morbidity and mortality to
      transplant recipients.

PMID- 369090
TI  - Experience with the radioimmunoassay for parathyroid hormone in the diagnosis of
      primary hyperparathyroidism.
AB  - Our results with radioimmunoassay studies for parathyroid hormone performed
      during the last 6 years are compared retrospectively to results of the laboratory
      tests customarily secured when hyperparathyroidism is suspected. The results
      obtained in patients with known primary hyperparathyroidism and in patients with
      unconfirmed but presumptive hyperparathyroidism are compared to the results
      obtained from a group of normal controls. Despite the fact that certain
      discrepant results were noted in the earlier assay techniques the over-all
      results and, in particular, those of more recent years have been highly sensitive
      and reproducible corroboratives of the existence of primary hyperparathyroidism.
      About two-thirds of the patients with primary hyperparathyroidism will present to
      the urologist. All patients with calcium-containing stones should have at least 3
      determinations of the serum calcium in screening for primary hyperparathyroidism.
      The radioimmunoassay for parathyroid hormone provides the most reliable
      confirmation. The patient with calculous disease, elevation of the immunoreactive
      parathyroid hormone level and hypercalcemia is virtually certain to have primary
      hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 369091
TI  - Kidney preservation: experimental studies.

PMID- 369092
TI  - Further studies of renal preservation: protection of the ischemic kidney with
      inosine.
AB  - Preliminary data are presented on additional means of renal preservation,
      particularly in the case of warm ischemic insult. We hypothesize that 1 factor
      responsible for the failure of kidneys to recover after ischemic insult may be
      depletion of energy sources during the warm ischemic period. Specifically,
      adenosine triphosphate in the kidney is the principal source of energy for
      metabolic activity and membrane stability. Inosine, an adenosine triphosphate
      precursor, was used in a canine model and preliminary work suggested that
      inosine, when coupled with mannitol, may provide enhanced protection. In vivo
      assay of kidney slices suggests that inosine may, indeed, tend to maintain
      adenosine triphosphate levels in the ischemic kidney in contrast to relative
      adenosine triphosphate depletion in the kidneys not protected with inosine. These
      data are in concert with the apparently favorable survival data in inosine and
      mannitol-treated animals.

PMID- 369093
TI  - A computer-assisted filing system for urologic information.
AB  - Our increasingly inefficient, cumbersome, often ineffective and time-consuming
      manual mental cataloguing and retrieving system indicated to us that there must
      be a better technique available. However, our search of existing systems failed
      to reveal any matching our needs. Therefore, we developed a 4-category system for
      cataloguing and retrieving urologic materials. Our program is divided into 3
      sections: 1) index, 2) catalogued data and 3) computer programs. We have used
      this system for more than a year and believe that it has satisfied our original
      requirements. It is easily adaptable to changes of information, allows for
      identification of unlimited types of material, offers thorough and accurate data
      retrieval techniques and is economical now that the expense of organizing the
      system is behind.

PMID- 369094
TI  - Evaluation and treatment of patients with failed hypospadias repair.
AB  - Hypospadias repair is often accompanied by complications, some of which may be
      major. We herein analyze 70 patients whom we have seen and enumerate the defects,
      list the operative procedures that have been necessary to correct the lesions and
      illustrate the use of some of these techniques. Surgeons treating patients with
      hypospadias should have command of many techniques and use them aggressively with
      imagination and great care.

PMID- 369095
TI  - Reaction of the vesical wall to bacterial penetration: resistance to attachment,
      desquamation and leukocytic activity.
AB  - To determine the contribution of the bladder wall to defense against infection we
      designed a series of experiments wherein movement of introduced bacteria and
      inflammatory processes (cystitis) were observed by an autoradiographic technique.
      As a first defense line the bladder mucosal surface showed strong resistance
      against bacterial attachment and penetration. Moreover, epithelial cells gripped
      and penetrated by bacteria were desquamated and eliminated through voiding, thus
      arresting deeper invasion into the bladder wall. When organisms did penetrate the
      bladder wall they were phagocytized by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and
      macrophages in the submucosa and muscularis. In contrast, once leukocytes had
      migrated into the urine within the bladder they no longer participated in
      phagocytosis. Organisms also entered the veins, the lymphatics or both and
      disappeared rapidly from the local site through the action of the
      reticuloendothelial system. These observations indicate that in addition to
      mechanical emptying resistance to bacterial attachment, desquamation of invaded
      cells, activity of leukocytes and macrophages, and disappearance of bacteria from
      local site are 4 mechanisms whereby the bladder resists and fights infection.

PMID- 369097
TI  - [Cryoaction by the irrigation method in diseases of the ear, nose and throat].

PMID- 369096
TI  - Novel bacterial structures in human blood. II. Bacterial variants as etiologic
      agents in idiopathic hematuria.
AB  - Novel bacterial structures have been demonstrated in lysed blood filtrates placed
      in special culture media from patients with idiopathic hematuria. These
      structures converted rapidly to gram-positive coccal (streptococcal and
      staphylococcal-like) coccobacillary and filamentous, bacterial forms in vitro
      from 96 per cent of the patients studied. Blood cultured conventionally yielded
      negative findings. Although structures (dense bodies) were demonstrated in normal
      control blood specimens (albeit in lesser numbers) few converted to classical
      bacteria in vitro (7 per cent). Erythromycin therapy appeared to correlate with
      disappearance of hematuria and inability to revert rapidly the variant froms to
      classical bacteria in vitro. It is suggested that continual bombardment of the
      blood by bacteria entering from the mouth or other sites may lead to the
      development of variant bacterial parasitism. In an effort to survive the
      deleterious host effects the organisms may convert to persisting osmotically
      stable variant bacterial forms (dense bodies). Development of a disease state may
      be conditioned by some existing or developing abnormality in the host
      (immunologic, physiologic and/or biochemical). Furthermore, changes (genetic?)
      that might take place in the organisms per se during their transition to variant
      forms and adaptation to life in vivo may not allow certain host environments to
      adapt to these new forms, possibly leading to a pathogenetic role in renal
      diseases whose etiologies have long been enigmas.

PMID- 369098
TI  - [Status and prospects of cryosurgery in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of
      the nasal cavity and pharynx].

PMID- 369100
TI  - [Igor' Borisovich Soldatov (on his election as Academician of the Academy of
      Medical Sciences of the USSR)].

PMID- 369099
TI  - [Use of lincomycin and rondomycin in anginas combined with acute viral disease of
      the respiratory tracts in adults].

PMID- 369101
TI  - [Petr Aleksandrovich Gertsen (on the 75th anniversary of the P.A. Gertsen Moscow
      Oncological Research Institute)].

PMID- 369103
TI  - [Papillosphincterotomy in lesions of terminal segment of the common bile duct].
AB  - The dissection of the papilla was carried out in 70 patients with pure stenosing
      papillitis and with papillitis combined with choledocholithiasis and cholangitis.
      The authors consider subtotal papillosphincterotomy with the length of incision
      of 1.5 cm to be an expedient means for the dissection of the papilla, which, in
      their opinion, allows to prevent developing of restenosis. The dissection of the
      papilla was carried out upon 35 patients with incarcerated stones and upon 8
      patients with floating stones. Some practical and helpful recommendations are
      suggested.

PMID- 369102
TI  - [Reconstructive-restorative operations of the skin after amputation of the
      limbs].
AB  - Up to 70% of cases admitted for primary prosthetics after amputation of the
      extremities suffer from some defects aod diseases of the stumps requiring
      surgical treatment. The experience of the Leningrad Scientific Research Institute
      of Prosthetics with 593 reconstructive-restorative operations on the stumps of
      the extremities allows to define indications for skin plasty on the stumps and to
      assess the advantages and drawbacks of different methods.

PMID- 369104
TI  - The Farmers Request by John Bradstreet.

PMID- 369105
TI  - Chloramphenicol resistant S typhimurium.

PMID- 369106
TI  - [Methods of diagnosing leptospirosis in animals].

PMID- 369107
TI  - [Diagnosis of sheep foot rot].

PMID- 369108
TI  - [Toxicity of Granosan for loach roe].

PMID- 369109
TI  - [Use of cell subcultures after deep freezing].

PMID- 369110
TI  - [Production of live attenuated vaccine against colibacillosis in pigs].
AB  - Two strains of beta-hemolytic Escherichia coli, p-0141 and i-0149 were used to
      obtain mutant E. coli organisms with unchanged cultural, morphological,
      biochemical, and serological properties. The mutants proved apathogenic for
      albino mice at intravenous injection of a 6-hour broth culture at the rate of 0.3
      cm3 or an endotoxin in the same dose. Neither were they enteropathogenic for pigs
      when inoculated into intestinal segments. They could be used as vaccinal strains.

PMID- 369111
TI  - [Fibrous suppurative arthritis in sheep].
AB  - Described are cases of fibrinous supprative arthritis in sheep characterized by
      thickenning of the joint, resulting from the involvement of the capsule
      (periarthritis). Histopathologically, there have been suppurative and necrotic
      processes combined with fibrinoid necrotizing of the collagen fibers and
      leukocyte infiltration of the joint capsule. Slight leukocyte infiltration has
      also been said to occur in the parenchymal organs. Microbiologic studies have
      revealed the presence of pyogenous bacteria (Corynebacterium pyogenes,
      Streptococcus pyogenes, Pasteurella multocida).

PMID- 369112
TI  - [Pharmacological studies of Pharmachem's nitrophen].

PMID- 369113
TI  - [Pathomorphological studies of spontaneous and experimental abortions in cows and
      guinea pigs].
AB  - The morphologic studies of aspergillosis abortions in cows and guinea pigs were
      carried out on 83 spontaneously affected aborted cattle fetuses, pregnant guinea
      pigs and their offsprings. Fifty-four fetuses were of spontaneously aborted cows
      from 12 farms along with 15 pregnant guinea pigs experimentally infected with
      Aspergillus fumigatus and a total of 14 fetuses of theirs. Microscopically, both
      in the cattle fetuses and in guinea pigs and their fetuses there were stasis,
      thrombosis, diapedetic hemorrhages, hyperplasia of the reticulohistiocytes,
      necrobiosis, and a good amount of polysaccharides in the investigated organs at
      the absence of hyalin in them. Special staining of cross sections of the studied
      viscera revealed hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus--in the blood vessels and the
      tissue of the organs in spontaneously and experimentally infected, resp., aborted
      cattle fetuses as well as in guinea pigs but not in their fetuses.

PMID- 369114
TI  - The role of the bacteriophage lambda Fl gene product during phage head assembly
      in vitro.

PMID- 369115
TI  - Mutants of E. coli in which bacteriophage P4 cannot activate the late genes of
      its helper, bacteriophage P2.

PMID- 369116
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of gp70 over virus-related submembranous
      densities in ts mutant Rauscher murine leukemia virus-infected cells at the
      nonpermissive temperature.

PMID- 369117
TI  - [Hepatitis B virus (HBV) (author's transl)].

PMID- 369118
TI  - Cellular vitamin A binding proteins.

PMID- 369120
TI  - Biological effects of antibodies to gonadal steroids.

PMID- 369119
TI  - Hormonal factors in lipogenesis in mammary gland.

PMID- 369122
TI  - [Evaluation of immunofluorescent examination in autoimmune liver diseases].

PMID- 369121
TI  - Effects of cannabinoids on reproduction and development.

PMID- 369123
TI  - [New data on the diet therapy of chronic digestive tract diseases].

PMID- 369124
TI  - [Medicine in the life and work of Jindrich Simon Baar].

PMID- 369125
TI  - [The unsubstitutable share of Frantisek Vesely, M.D. on the significant history
      of Czecho-Russian relations in Moravia].

PMID- 369126
TI  - [Seminar on primary prevention of psychosomatic disorders in relation to work
      stress combined with training in relaxation technics].

PMID- 369127
TI  - [Role of acute respiratory viral infections in the pathology of perinatal
      period].

PMID- 369128
TI  - [Pepsin agglutinator titre (homoreactant) in pregnant women with chronic diseases
      of the kidneys].

PMID- 369129
TI  - [A.N. Toliverova and her journal, "To aid the mothers"].

PMID- 369130
TI  - [Contribution of the Moscow P.A. Gertsen Research Institute of Oncology to the
      development of oncological immunology in the USSR].
AB  - The main steps in the development of experimental and clinical oncoimmunology in
      Moscow Research Institute of Oncology named after P.A. Herzen for the period of
      75 years of its existence are reported.

PMID- 369131
TI  - [Method of medical history taking and control group recruitment in
      oncoepidemiological studies].
AB  - Some methodical aspects of using the questionnaire as one of the basic tests,
      employed in oncoepidemiological investigations, are analysed. Under discussion is
      the potentialities and limits of the questionnairing method; the rules and ways
      of the optimum application of the given test to obtain the most comprehensive and
      objective enough information are reported. Also, the principles and criteria of
      selecting control groups in oncoepidemiological investigations are considered.
      The factors and conditions which may cause significant differences between the
      control and "test" groups irrespective of the genesis of the affection under
      study are discussed. An analysis is made of a number of typical methodical errors
      in oncoepidemiological investigations.

PMID- 369133
TI  - [75th anniversary of the P.A. Herzen Moscow Oncological Research Institute of the
      RSFSR Ministry of Health].

PMID- 369132
TI  - [20 years of viral-genetic theory of tumor etiology].

PMID- 369134
TI  - [Development of combined methods of treatment of malignant tumors].
AB  - The term "combination treatment" should implicate various methods of treatment
      for malignant tumors scheduled beforehand. The combination treatment of malignant
      tumors is aimed at improving the immediate and late results. This is gained by
      means of reducing the biological activity of a tumor, both the effect of
      summation and potentiation of the action of different therapeutic measures being
      observed. The choice of methods and their sequence is determined by the prognosis
      factors, which incude the histological tumor structure, anatomical type of
      growth, the degree of its proliferation both within the range of proximate and
      remote zones of metastases spread, the general patient's state. At this stage it
      is difficult to elaborate the methods of combination treatment. The difficulties
      are conditioned by a variety of forms of many solid tumors, methodical
      difficulties and complexity of estimating an efficacy of different variants of
      treatment. Accumulating of knowledge should determine the a range of lesions
      subject to the combination treatment.

PMID- 369135
TI  - [History of the foundation of the Moscow P.A. Gertsen Research Institute of
      Oncology].
AB  - The Moscow Oncology Institute was opened on November 18 (December 1) 1903 and
      named "Institute for Treatment of Malignant Tumors at Moscow University". With
      the lapse of time this name was changed several times. In 1947 it was named after
      a prominent Soviet surgeon P.A. Herzen. It is the oldest in Russia  and one of
      the oldest in the world institutions for oncology researches.

PMID- 369136
TI  - [Prognostic value of cytological signs in breast cancer].
AB  - From a variety of cytological patterns of breast cancer the signs are singled
      out, which may be of a prognostic value for determining the degree of tumor
      malignancy prior to instituting any kind of therapy. The data on 59 patients,
      radically treated for breast cancer, stage IIIb, are reported: 17 patients died
      during a year period, 42 - survived for 5 years and longer. There were singled
      out 11 cytological signs among which are those available in the WHO
      classification for typing breast cancer malignancy. The most informational signs
      were as follows: the character of cell location, the content of "naked" nuclei
      and nuclear hyperchromia. It was found that for low malignancy cancer a
      combination of the following signs is typical: a predominance of cell
      aggregations, the content of "naked" nuclei not exceeding 20%, and the absence of
      nuclear hyperchromia. To determine the rate of breast cancer malignancy in a
      cytological investigation, it is recommended to take into account, in addition to
      the recommended by the WHO classification signs (hyperchromia, the number of
      mitoses, heterogenity of nuclei in size, form and character of staining), also
      such a sign as the content of "naked" nuclei.

PMID- 369137
TI  - [Results of the development of food toxicology].

PMID- 369138
TI  - [Study of the mechanism of formation of protracted forms of dysentery].

PMID- 369139
TI  - [Liver catecholamine metabolism in experimental Salmonella carrier state].

PMID- 369140
TI  - [Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov - honorary member of the Kiev University].

PMID- 369141
TI  - [History of the method of electrogastrography].

PMID- 369142
TI  - [Development of a system for determining antibodies to the surface antigen of the
      virus of hepatitis B (HBsAb)].
AB  - A method for preparation of an immune diagnosticum using human erythrocytes of 0
      (I) blood group sensitized with hepatitis B surface antigen in the presence of
      chromium chloride followed by the addition of formalin solution, for detection of
      antibody to the hepatitis B surface antigen is described. Using this immune
      diagnosticum, antibody to the surface antigen of hepatitis B virus was detected
      in 12-15% of the normal population in the Latvian SSR, and in 91% of patients
      with hepatitis B.

PMID- 369143
TI  - [Effect of adenovirus type 3 on the content of antibody-forming cells in the
      spleen of mice immunized with ram erythrocytes].

PMID- 369144
TI  - [Latent infection in Syrian hamsters from an attenuated tick-borne encephalitis
      virus].

PMID- 369145
TI  - An associate editor for forty years (E. J van Liere).

PMID- 369146
TI  - Clyde A. Smith.

PMID- 369147
TI  - [Use of the biolar microscope (PZO production) in the serological diagnosis of
      toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 369148
TI  - [Principles and aims of the treatment of leukaemia (author's transl)].

PMID- 369149
TI  - [Chemotherapy of malignant tumours (author's transl)].

PMID- 369150
TI  - [Pharmacology of DTIC (author's transl)].
AB  - DTIC, a new cytostatic drug developed by the NCI-USA, is described and some
      relevant pharmacological characteristics are defined. This drug was proved to be
      the number one choice for the treatment of malignant melanoma and of sarcomas. It
      also appears to be of value in advanced cases of Hodgkins disease. DTIC
      represents a very valuable addition to the available drugs for chemotherapy of
      malignant tumours.

PMID- 369151
TI  - [Dacarbacine (DTIC) in the therapy of a malignant disease. A review (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Indications and results are reviewed with regard to recent data on the effect of
      DTIC in patients with malignant melanoma, soft tissue sarcomas, Hodgkin's
      disease, gastrointestinal carcinomas and oat cell cancer of the lung. Whilst this
      drug induced--mainly partial--remissions in 25% of the patients with melanomas,
      it is generally used in other malignant conditions in combination with other
      cytoxic agents. In soft tissue sarcomas adriamycin appeared as the principal
      additional drug. In patients with Hodgkin's disease resistant to MOPP treatment
      and requiring additional cytotoxic drugs, combination chemotherapy including DTIC
      may induce remissions in more than half of these patients. Other schedules were,
      however, also effective and results in this difficult group of patients are
      discussed and compared. In gastrointestinal and in oat cell carcinomas cytotoxic
      protocols including DTIC have shown some effect, perhaps comparable to other
      combinations usually employed in these conditions.

PMID- 369152
TI  - [DTIC in malignant melanoma: a perspective (author's transl)].
AB  - Effective therapy of malignant melanoma is still problematic. A variety of
      chemotherapeutic agents has proved to be ineffective in this tumour. The most
      extensively used chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of melanoma is DTIC
      (dimethyl-triaceno-imidazol-carboxamide). The objective response rate in
      monotherapy schedules has been reported to be up to 25%. Combination therapy with
      other cytostatic agents did not improve the results of DTIC alone. Experimental
      studies and clinical investigations have demonstrated that chemotherapy can be
      combined successfully with immunotherapy by potentiating the effect of tumour
      elimination. A review of the clinical studies with DTIC in malignant melanoma is
      presented.

PMID- 369153
TI  - [Epidemiology of breast cancer].

PMID- 369154
TI  - [Limitations of reanimation and intensive therapy].

PMID- 369155
TI  - In memoriam--Peter Heimann, M.D., Ph.D. (1926--1978).

PMID- 369156
TI  - [Pulmonary hyaline membranes in newborns and adults - morphology and pathogenesis
      (literature review). Part 2. Pathogenesis].

PMID- 369157
TI  - [Side effects of topical corticosteroid therapy. II. Systemic side effects].

PMID- 369158
TI  - [Introduction of a further developed documentation-assisted patient record master
      list in relation to the application of the 9th international classification of
      diseases, injuries and causes of death].

PMID- 369159
TI  - [History of gastroscopy].

PMID- 369160
TI  - [Wound contraction--a closing mechanism of secondarily healing wounds].

PMID- 369161
TI  - [Significance of prostaglandins for fat and carbohydrate metabolism with special
      reference to pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus ].
AB  - A survey is given of the literature on the influence of prostaglandins on the
      lipid- and carbohydrate metabolism. Some common pathobiochemical features in the
      development of diabetes mellitus and the ischaemic heart disease are outlined,
      which became apparent by examinations of the fatty acid pattern in patients. Thus
      a biochemical basis for that epidemiologically well known fact is given, that
      diabetes represents a risk factor for the ischaemic heart disease. Some of the
      latest results from the experimental research suggest that the vascular
      complications occurring in chronic diabetes are caused by a decrease in the
      formation of prostacyclin and possibly by an increase in the thromboxane A2
      production. Similar changes in the prostaglandin metabolism occur in the
      ischaemic heart disease and myocardial infarction, too, as experimental results
      have shown.

PMID- 369162
TI  - Liver transplantation.
AB  - The development of liver transplantation has been difficult. However, substantial
      advances have been made mostly because of better surgical techniques and because
      of better postoperative management. It has been necessary for surgeons to be more
      inquisitive about the reasons for post-transplantation liver dysfunction rather
      than to ascribe hepatic perturbations to rejection. With these nonspecific
      improvements, there has been movement of liver transplantation into the area of
      actual service. Before the next great step will be made, there must be an
      improvement in immunosuppression. The nature of such improvement is not yet
      clear.

PMID- 369163
TI  - Prostacyclin: a potent activator of human colonic adenylate cyclase activity.
AB  - Prostacyclin and its stable catabolite 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha were tested
      on the human colonic mucosal adenylate cyclase which represents the key enzyme in
      the secretory process in this organ. Prostacyclin was able to activate dose
      dependently the human cyclase system. Saturating concentrations of prostacyclin
      and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (each 0.28 mM) increased the enzyme activity
      2.5-fold and only 1.4-fold, respectively. The presence of prostacyclin receptor
      sites in human colonic mucosa suggests a physiological role of this novel
      prostaglandin in human colonic function.

PMID- 369164
TI  - [Histotopographic demonstration of hepatitis-B-surface-antigen (HBSAg) in liver
      biopsies with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP)-method in symptomfree HBSAg
      carriers].
AB  - In 241 paraffin-embedded liver-biopsies of HBSAg-positive, voluntary blood-donors
      hepacellular HBSAg was demonstrated with the immunomorphologic peroxidase
      antiperoxidase (PAP)-method. In all sections, HBSAg-positive liver-cells were
      estimated, their distribution-pattern was assessed and different types of
      cytoplasmatic localisation of HBSAg were described. Despite high sensitivity of
      the PAP-method, 24% of seropostive cases were histologically negative. A
      correlation of HBSAg-content and histologic diagnosis was lacking. An association
      of high HBSAg-content with non-aggressive liver-disease and of low HBSAg-content
      with aggressive liver-disease in a single biopsy could not be found in our
      material in contrast to the literature. 34 patients were followed up through 4-6
      years. Constant or improved liver-histology was associated with increased,
      deterioration with decreased HBSAg-tissue-content.

PMID- 369165
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Dr. Dr. Theodor von Brand].

PMID- 369166
TI  - Babesia bovis (argentina): components of the cryofibrinogen complex and their
      contribution to pathophysiology of infection in splenectomized calves.
AB  - A cryofibrinogen complex, found in the plasma of cattle acutely infected with
      Babesia bovis (argentina), was characterized. The fibrinogen-like proteins of the
      complex were isolated and the structure of their polypeptide chains analysed. In
      general, the chain structure was similar to that of soluble non-crosslinked
      fibrin (fibrinogen) although chains indicating some degree of fibrin crosslinking
      were often detected. Only rarely did the chain structure suggest that
      fibrinolysis occurred. It was concluded that the complex was produced by
      activation of the coagulation system but that fibrinolysis did not occur to any
      marked degree. The complex was implicated in assistance to the sludging of
      erythrocytes in the internal organs which is a feature of the pathogenesis of the
      disease.

PMID- 369167
TI  - IgG antibody binding to the outer surface of infective larvae of Ancylostoma
      caninum.
AB  - Applying the indirect fluorescent antibody technique to the infective stages of
      the hookworm Ancylostoma caninum, it appeared that they do not show IgG antibody
      binding when serum from dogs infected with A. caninum was used in the test
      (antiserum). However, inhibiting these stages metabolically with azide or with
      low temperatures, IgG antibody binding to the outer surface was observed. When
      the inhibitory factors were removed, shedding of fluorescent substances was seen,
      which were obviously coming from the outer surface of the larvae. This suggests
      that shedding of the antigen might occur.

PMID- 369168
TI  - [Early and leading symptoms of malignant tumors].

PMID- 369169
TI  - [The history of public health service].

PMID- 369170
TI  - [Relationship between the molecular biology of diphtheria toxin and the problem
      of the mechanism of action of toxic proteins].

PMID- 369171
TI  - [Endocrine function of the salivary glands].

PMID- 369172
TI  - [B-chromosomes of mammals].

PMID- 369174
TI  - President Davis: "unsurpassed ability".

PMID- 369173
TI  - [Current concepts concerning the mononuclear phagocyte system].

PMID- 369175
TI  - Memoir of Z. A. Boynuk 1920-1978.

PMID- 369176
TI  - Memoir of F. E. Hinchman 1896-1978.

PMID- 369177
TI  - Memoir of William Grossman 1910-1978.

PMID- 369178
TI  - [The physician between natural sciences and medicine].

PMID- 369179
TI  - [Biochemistry and pathophysiology of iron metabolism].

PMID- 369180
TI  - [New possibilities for the inhibition of alpha-glucosidases in the mucosa of the
      small intestine].

PMID- 369181
TI  - [Protein deficiencies in hemodialysis patients?].

PMID- 369182
TI  - [Skin changes after kidney transplantation due to immunosuppressive medication].

PMID- 369183
TI  - [Comparison studies for the detection of antinuclear factors].

PMID- 369184
TI  - [Comparative study on the detection of antinuclear antibodies with special
      reference to disseminated lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 369185
TI  - [Lymphocyte activation by A-streptococcus: specific immune response or polyclonal
      stimulation].

PMID- 369186
TI  - [Effect of immune serum, IgG and various IgG fragments on in vitro phagocytosis
      and in vivo elimination of bacteria].

PMID- 369187
TI  - [Course control of platelet function and blood lipid levels during a 2 years
      prospective study on the prevention of reinfarction with acetylsalicylic acid,
      phenprocoumon and placebo].

PMID- 369188
TI  - [Physiological and pathological regulation of erythropoiesis].

PMID- 369189
TI  - [Increased effect of ampicillin by intravenously applicable 5S-immunoglobulin].

PMID- 369190
TI  - [Rational diagnosis. Introduction].

PMID- 369192
TI  - [Computer diagnosis: possibilities and limitations].

PMID- 369191
TI  - [The unchanged value of anamnesis].

PMID- 369193
TI  - [Morphology and formal genesis of lung thromboembolism].

PMID- 369194
TI  - [Hypercoagulability and lung embolism].

PMID- 369195
TI  - [Morphology of disorders in iron metabolism].

PMID- 369196
TI  - [Pathophysiology of lung embolism].

PMID- 369197
TI  - [Clinical aspects and diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism].

PMID- 369198
TI  - [Comparative studies on the oral therapy of obstructive respiratory tract
      diseases with clenbuterol, fenoterol and depot-orciprenaline (double-blind
      study)].

PMID- 369199
TI  - [Progress in antibacterial chemotherapy].

PMID- 369200
TI  - [Progress in virostatic therapy].

PMID- 369201
TI  - [Progress in the therapy of systemic mycoses].

PMID- 369202
TI  - [Prevention of tropical diseases].

PMID- 369203
TI  - [Study methods and kinetics of iron metabolism].

PMID- 369204
TI  - [Epidemiology of malignant tumors in the German Federal Republic].

PMID- 369205
TI  - [Clinical and clinico-chemical methods in early diagnosis].

PMID- 369206
TI  - [Radiological methods in early diagnosis (including computer tomography)].

PMID- 369208
TI  - [Demonstration of immune complexes in the serum of patients with bronchial
      carcinoma].

PMID- 369207
TI  - [Clinical aspects of disorders of iron metabolism].

PMID- 369209
TI  - [Sideroblastic anemias].

PMID- 369210
TI  - [Treatment of iron deficiencies].

PMID- 369211
TI  - [Clinical experiences in antihypertensive treatment with guanabenz or clonidine
      in combination with thiazide].

PMID- 369212
TI  - [Functional and structural myopathies].

PMID- 369213
TI  - [Muscle flaccidity as a leading and warning symptom in endocrinopathies].

PMID- 369214
TI  - [Muscle flaccidity as a leading and warning symptom in drug therapy and
      poisonings].

PMID- 369215
TI  - [Domperidone stimulating antral and duodenal motility in a double-blind crossover
      study].

PMID- 369216
TI  - [Profile: Kerstin Dahllof].

PMID- 369217
TI  - [Methodological problems of clinical immunological study in relation to the
      prognosis of the course of a disease].

PMID- 369219
TI  - [Clinical aspects and course of hematosarcomas].

PMID- 369218
TI  - [Experimental hypothermic preservation of the liver].

PMID- 369220
TI  - [Characteristics of the biological action of millimeter-range radio waves and the
      potential for their utilization in medicine].

PMID- 369221
TI  - [Lutenurine preparation from the yellow water lily in skin and mucosal diseases].

PMID- 369222
TI  - [1st attempt at photochemotherapy of psoriasis in the USSR].

PMID- 369223
TI  - [Filterability of Treponema pallidum through sterilizing filters of varying pore
      size].

PMID- 369224
TI  - [Diagnostic value of the immunofluorescence technic in candidiasis].

PMID- 369225
TI  - [Present-day state of the problem of kraurosis vulvae].

PMID- 369226
TI  - [Methods and value of an immunofluorescence-optical determination of IgM, IgG and
      IgA rheumatoid factors].
AB  - Today the immuno-fluorescence technique is the simplest method to detect
      rheumatoid factors of all immuno-globulin classes. When applying sheep
      erythrocytes, standard sera may be used without exception. The airdried smear of
      the cells is to be incubated with rabbit anti-human-erythrocyte serum. The
      rheumatoid factors of the subsequently applied inactivated patients' sera
      localise above the amboceptor on the erythrocyte membrane. Only they bind FITC
      marked anti-human-gamma-globulin and cause a specific fluorescence. As a proof
      heteroagglutinines and crossreacting antibodies of the marked sera are first
      absorbed and corresponding controls are carried out. According to assessments of
      101 sera approximately 20% of healthy people, approximately 50% of "definitely
      seronegative" patients with rheumatoid arthritis according to the agglutination
      method as well as 30% of other arthropathies had rheumatoid factors by these
      methods. A negative immunofluorescence optical test does not absolutely exclude
      the presence of rheumatoid factors in the serum. It is suggested that their
      occurrence are due to secondary reactions to the formation of immunogen antigen
      antibody complexes.

PMID- 369227
TI  - Experiences with our surgical technic of partial resection of the kidney.
AB  - On the basis of 305 partial resections of the kidneys is reported on experiences
      with an own operation technique. By applying a chromium cat-gut supporting suture
      a secure and pboblem-free care of the resection wound is possible, which
      guarantees an as far as possible uncomplicated postoperative course. The
      operation technique is described and in general the problems of postoperative
      early and late complications are discussed.

PMID- 369228
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of chronic nonspecific "prostato-urethritis"].

PMID- 369229
TI  - [Sugar was once an expensive drug in a pharmacy].

PMID- 369230
TI  - [In memory of Aleksei Alekseevich Shoshin].

PMID- 369231
TI  - [Industrial substances and microsomal enzymes: interactions and their
      significance for health risk].

PMID- 369232
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. 100 years ago (2)].

PMID- 369233
TI  - [Bernhard von Langenbeck].

PMID- 369234
TI  - [Prophylaxis of thromboembolism using low dosage heparin (author's transl)].
AB  - In establishing a surgery free from thromboembolism low dosage-Heparin is a
      promising line. Its efficacy, regulation, control and side effects are surveyed.
      The results achieved justify its indication on a large scale.

PMID- 369235
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. 100 years ago (3)].

PMID- 369236
TI  - [Spermatozoa immunity].
AB  - A report is given on the spermatozoan and seminal plasma antigens and the
      possibilities of immunization of woman and man with these antigens. The occurence
      of sperm antibodies is demonstrable with more or less specific methods. The
      clinical importance of sperm antibodies for female fertility depends on quality
      of semen and many other factors. The local immune reactions to sperm and other
      reproductive antigens in the female genital tract has been inferred from the
      detection of higher titer of activity in tissue than was found in the
      circulation.

PMID- 369237
TI  - [Gynecologic oncology reflected in the first 100 volumes of the "Zentralblatt fur
      Gynakologie"].

PMID- 369238
TI  - Cross resistance between nitrofurans and 5-nitroimidazoles in aerobic and
      microaerophilic bacteria.

PMID- 369239
TI  - Studies on Escherichia coli in pigs V. Determination of enterotoxicity and
      frequency of O groups and K 88 antigen in strains from 200 piglets with neonatal
      diarrhoea.

PMID- 369240
TI  - Detection by immunofluorescence of transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) viral
      antigen in pigs, using cat anti feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus
      conjugate.

PMID- 369241
TI  - [Chromosomal transformation of frozen and thawed bacteria].

PMID- 369242
TI  - [Nonfermenting Gram-negative bacteria. 1. The general characteristics,
      nomenclature and principles of their isolation and identification].

PMID- 369243
TI  - [Modern concept of the makeup of intestinal microflora in healthy adults].
AB  - Analysis of the literature data on the significance of normal intestinal
      microbial population in the vital activity of the organism, and also on the
      sequelae of unfavourable shifts in the intestinal microecology is presented. The
      results of personal studies on the composition of normal microbial population in
      healthy adults are discussed; criteria for the assessment of normal intestinal
      biocenosis are given. The importance of bifidum flora is emphasized, and the
      necessity of its correction in various pathological conditions is underlined.

PMID- 369245
TI  - [Identification of the enterobacteria isolated from patients by using the
      Enterotube test system].
AB  - The Enterotube test system intended for the accelerated identification of
      enterobacteria was used to study 319 strains isolated from patients with
      suppurative complications after surgical operations and traumatic lesions.  The
      test system was found to allow a reliable identification of Enterobacteriaceae
      having characteristic biochemical properties. It was also found that the kit
      intended for 10 tests could prove insufficient for the identification of atypical
      bacteria. The Enterotube test system made it possible to differentiate 95% of
      enterobacterial strains; in the identification of bacteria by their genus and
      species and results obtained with the use of the Enterotube test system and
      common biochemical methods were found to be identical (in 96.4% of tests).

PMID- 369244
TI  - [Transplantation and cellular reactions to tissue antigens in Streptococcus
      immunized rabbits].
AB  - The immunization of rabbits with the cells and the disintegration products of
      fractions of the cytoplasmic membranes of group A streptococcus (type 1) in
      incomplete Freund adjuvant, introduced in a single injection into the pads of the
      paws, caused lesions in autoplastic skin grafts and accelerated the rejection of
      alloplastic skin grafts. The rabbits showed positive delayed-type skin reactions
      to streptococcus and homologous skin antigens, and lymphocytes specifically
      reacting with FITC-labeled homologous skin antigen were found in their blood.
      Prolonged intravenous immunization with streptococcus, which induced the
      formation of complement fixing antibodies to homologous skin antigens, did not
      influence the taking of autoplastic and alloplastic skin grafts. The injection of
      hyperimmune streptococcus rabbit antiserum containing antibodies to skin antigens
      to intact rabbits produced no lesions in the autoplastic skin grafts and
      prolonged the lift of the alloplastic skin grafts.

PMID- 369246
TI  - [Legionnaires' disease, a previously unknown infectious disease of bacterial
      nature].

PMID- 369247
TI  - [Use of the passive hemagglutination test to diagnose toxoplasmosis].
AB  - The authors describe a method of obtaining toxoplasma erythrocytic diagnostic
      agent by sensitization of formalinized tannin-treated SRBC with purified
      toxoplasma antigen isolated by fractionation of complete toxoplasma antigen on
      Sephadex G-100. Comparative experiments with titration of sera of persons with
      suspected toxoplasmosis were conducted; the passive hemagglutination test with
      the antigen obtained proved to be highly sensitive in comparison with
      immunofluorescence and complement fixation tests.

PMID- 369248
TI  - [Gibb's free energy as a index of the assimilation of carbohydrate sources by
      bacteria].
AB  - The author presents substantiation of the use of thermodynamic function--of free
      Gibbs' energy (--deltaG) for energy characteristics of enterobacteria periodic
      cultures on synthetic media. Examination of strains of E. coli K12P4X Hfr, E.
      coli PA-309, and Sh. newcastle 762S showed the --detlaG = f (N) curves to
      characterise the energy value of various carbohydrate sources more completely,
      and also permitted the choice of their optimal concentrations in synthetic media
      for each of the enterobacteria strain.

PMID- 369249
TI  - [Forerunner of scientific epidemiology (on the 500th anniversary of the birth of
      Girolamo Fracastoro 1478-1978)].

PMID- 369250
TI  - [Biological characteristics of transductants of Shigella flexneri which have
      acquired different str-A-locus alleles].

PMID- 369251
TI  - [Gram-negative bacteria as agents of intrahospital infections].

PMID- 369252
TI  - [Study of the enterotoxic action of the neurotoxin of the Sonne dysentery microbe
      in a rabbit small intestine loop model].
AB  - The enterotoxic action of neurotoxin from Sonne dysentery microbes (obtained by
      the method of Mesrobeanu et al.), and also of the culture autolysates and
      homologous Boiven's endotoxin was studied on a model of the isolated loop of the
      rabbit small intestine. Neurotoxin preparations obtained from virulent strains as
      well as autolysates of these cultures possessed enterotoxic activity, whereas
      purifed endotoxin preparations in doses of 1--10 mg failed to cause any
      dilatation of the isolated intestinal segment. A significant individual rabbit
      sensitivity to the enterotoxic action of the neurotoxin preparation was revealed.
      Lyophilization of neurotoxin preparation did not influence its enterotoxicity.
      However dialysis against distilled water and boiling of the neurotoxin
      preparations led to the loss of enterotoxic activity.

PMID- 369253
TI  - The general pharmacology of prostacyclin PGI2, (PGX): a new prostaglandin
      especially active on the cardivascular system.
AB  - Prostacyclin is a new prostaglandin first demonstrated as a product of arterial
      microsomes and prostaglandin endoperoxide intermediates. The potential to form
      prostacyclin has now been demonstrated in many organs. It inhibits platelet
      aggregation, inhibits gastric acid secretion, stimulates the monkey but not the
      rat uterus in vivo, is a bronchodilator, is a vasodepressor on both systemic and
      pulmonary circulation, increases cardiac output and markedly decreases peripheral
      resistance. It reduced progesterone in pregnant hamsters but is not luteolytic in
      non-pregnant monkeys. In rats, i. v. infusion of 0.56 but not 1 mg/kg/day was
      tolerated without overt central nervous system depression. The depressor effect
      of i. v. infusions of prostacyclin in anesthetized rats was partially antagonized
      by a pressor reaction eliminated by nephrectomy, an effect not seen during
      infusions of prostaglandin.

PMID- 369254
TI  - A possible role of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and prostacyclin (PGI2) in circulation.
AB  - Recently two local hormones, thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and prostacyclin (PGI2) have
      been discovered. These hormones are labile metabolites of arachidonic acid. TXA2
      is generated by blood platelets, while PGI2 is produced by vascular endothelium.
      TXA2 is a potent vasoconstrictor. It also initiates the release reaction,
      followed by platelet aggregation. PGI2 is a vasodilator, especially potent in
      coronary circulation. It also inhibits platelet aggregation by virtue of
      stimulation of platelet adenyl cyclase. Common precursors for both hormones are
      cyclic endoperoxides PGG2 and PGH2, being formed by cyclooxygenation of
      arachidonic acid. This last enzymic reaction is more efficient in platelets than
      in vascular endothelium, and therefore the generation of PGI2 by vasuclar wall is
      accelerated by an interaction between platelets and endothelial cells. During
      this interaction platelets supply the endothelial PGI2 synthetase with their
      cyclic endoperoxides. The newly formed PGI2 repels the platelets from the intima.
      When PGI2 synthetase is irreversibly inactivated by low concentration of lipid
      peroxides, then the platelets are not rejected but stick to the endothelium,
      generate TXA2 and mature thrombi are formed. A balance between formation and
      release of PGI2, TXA2 and/or cyclic endoperoxides in circulation is of utmost
      importance for the control of intra-arterial thrombi formation and possibly plays
      a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 369255
TI  - Some actions of prostacyclin (PGI2) on the cardiovascular system and the gastric
      microcirculation.
AB  - Prostacyclin, generated by the vascular wall, is a potent vasodilator, reducing
      systemic blood pressure, increasing coronary blood flow and relaxing isolated
      vascular strips. Its vasoactive properties are little changed by passage through
      the lung. Prostacyclin, which is also formed by the gastric mucosa, increases
      gastric mucosal blood flow and inhibits gastric acid secretion and indomethacin
      induced erosions. It is the most potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation in all
      species tested. It is suggested that prostacyclin and PGE1 act on similar sites
      on platelets distinct from those for PGD2.

PMID- 369256
TI  - The production of prostaglandin I2 in heart and blood vessels and its
      physiological role in heart function and thromboregulation.

PMID- 369257
TI  - Influence of coronary vasodilators on prostaglandin E, F2alpha, I2, and adenosine
      metabolism.
AB  - We investigated the influence of oxyfedrine, verapamil, prenylamine, sodium
      nitrite, nitroglycerin, papaverine and carbochromen on the release of
      prostaglandins (PG) and adenosine from Langendorff heart preparations of guinea
      pigs and rabbits and on the PG biosynthesis in the heart and renal medulla of
      rabbits, in the bovine seminal vesicle homogenate, and in the rat stomach fundus.
      Oxyfedrine stimulated the release of PGE and PGF2alpha from the Langendorff
      hearts and increased the PG biosynthesis in all organs investigated. Compared
      with the other drugs, oxyfedrine showed the strongest stimulation of PGI2
      synthesis in the rat stomach fundus. Prenylamine depressed the PG biosynthesis in
      all organs investigated but increased the PGE release from Langendorff hearts.
      Nitroglycerin, verapamil and, to some degree, also carbochromen increased the
      PGI2 synthesis in rat stomach fundus. Sodium nitrite was without influence on the
      PG release from Langendorff hearts and on the PG biosynthesis. Papaverine did not
      influence the PGI2 synthesis. Independently of the PG release, oxyfedrine,
      prenylamine and sodium nitrite increased the adenosine efflux from the rabbit
      hearts.

PMID- 369258
TI  - Interactions of verapamil and prostaglandins F2alpha, D2, I2, A1 and E1 in
      isolated hearts and coronary preparations.

PMID- 369259
TI  - The antiarrhythmic action of prostacyclin (PGI2) on aconitine induced arrhythmias
      in rats.
AB  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) produces an antiarrhythmic effect on aconitine induced
      arrhythmias in rats. The ED50 of PGI2 was 0.7 microgram/kg and the maximum
      antiarrhythmic effect 54 per cent. The equi-effective doses of PGE2 and PGF2alpha
      were higher (ED50 of PGF2alpha = 1.2 microgram/kg, ED50 of PGE2 = 2.7
      microgram/kg). However, PGF2alpha and PGE2 had a maximum antiarrhythmic effect of
      80 per cent in this model.

PMID- 369260
TI  - Potentiation and inhibition of insulin release in man following priming with
      glucose and with arginine--effect of somatostatin.

PMID- 369261
TI  - Development of polyploidy in B-cells of normal and diabetic mice.
AB  - This study was designed to clarify the relationship between pancreatic B-cell
      polyploidization and the progress of the diabetic syndrome in genetically
      diabetic (C57BL/Ks-db/db) and normal control mice (C57BL/KsJ) of matched age
      groups. Nuclear volume was confirmed to be a proper index of the polyploid class
      of the B-cell by correlation with Feulgen-DNA content as measured by
      microdensitometry. Nuclei of B-cells, identified by aldehyde fuchsin positive
      cytoplasmic granules, were traced by camera lucida and their volumes determined
      by semiautomatic particle size analysis. Six age groups were studied: 4.5, 7,
      9.5, 12, 14.5 and 17 weeks. The major conclusions are: 1) The percentage of
      tetraploid nuclei in normal mice is consistently between 1.0 and 2.0% from 4.5 to
      14.5 weeks of age and increases to approximately 3.0% at 17 weeks of age;
      however, further studies are required to determined the significance of this
      increase; 2) in all age groups studied, percentages of polyploid nuclei are
      significantly greater in diabetic than in control mice; 3) the percentage of
      tetraploid nuclei in diabetic animals is elevated 220% over controls at 4.5 weeks
      of age, remains constant until 12 weeks (while other parameters such as blood
      glucose level and body weight continue to rise) and increases significantly
      between 12 and 14.5 weeks of age. Implications of both the increased polyploidy
      observed at the onset of disease symptoms, and the dramatic increase occurring
      during the later stages of the disease, are discussed.

PMID- 369262
TI  - Immunohistochemical localization of adrenodoxin and adrenodoxin reductase in
      bovine adrenal cortex.
AB  - The zonal distribution of adrenodoxin and adrenodoxin reductase (EC 1.6.7.1) in
      the bovine adrenal cortex as well as their intracellular localization has been
      studied by the direct method of peroxidase-labelled antibody (Fab' or F(ab')2
      fraction) technique. The results indicated that both proteins localized mainly in
      zonae fasciculata and reticularis whereas very few were present in the zona
      glomerulosa. Only parenchymal cells in the adrenal cortex were proved to contain
      both proteins. The intracellular localization of both adrenodoxin and the
      reductase was demonstrated to be exclusively on the inner membrane of
      mitochondria of these parenchymal cells by immunoelectron microscopy. The
      validity of the immunocytochemical method employed in this study to determine the
      fine localization of both proteins in the mitochondria as well as the
      significance of the zonal distribution in relation to the function of each
      individual zone is discussed.

PMID- 369264
TI  - A susceptible and refractive strain of Anopheles atroparvus van Thiel to
      infection with Plasmodium berghei berghei.

PMID- 369263
TI  - [Cimetidine in the treatment of the active duodenal ulcer].
AB  - Thirty six patients with active duodenal ulcers were studied in this double blind
      work. 19 received placebo and 17 Cimetidine: 1 gr./day. The endoscopic control
      after 21 days, showed healing in 81,2% of the cases treated with Cimetidine and
      in 22,2% of those with placebo. After 42 days of continous treatment with
      Cimetidine the healing of duodenal ulcers was 82,3% against 50% with placebo; the
      difference being highly statestically significant; p less than 0.01. The symptoms
      improved with Cimetidine revealing less diurnal and nocturnal pain complete
      disappearance of nausea and vomit and a significant decreased ingestion of alkali
      tablets.

PMID- 369265
TI  - Discrepancies between serological and parasitological test results. A field study
      on schistosomiasis in Ethiopia.

PMID- 369266
TI  - The transport of specimens to the laboratory for the cultivation of pathogenic
      micro-organisms. I. General considerations.

PMID- 369267
TI  - The transport of specimen to the laboratory for the cultivation of pathogenic
      micro-organisms. II. The shipment of faecal samples.

PMID- 369268
TI  - Labelling of Plasmodium berghei during sporogony.

PMID- 369269
TI  - Optimal PEEP.

PMID- 369271
TI  - Percutaneous analgesia with ASTRA 2358 for taking split-thickness skin grafts. A
      preliminary report.

PMID- 369270
TI  - Splanchnic blood flow and uptake of local anaesthetic agents: factors of possible
      importance for toxicity.

PMID- 369272
TI  - Strain and sex differences in the rat brain.

PMID- 369273
TI  - Spinous leafy nerve endings in the feline stomach wall.
AB  - The Champy-Maillet ZIO technique has been applied to the study of the muscular
      tunic of the stomach. In the corpus and antrum pyloricum some nerve fibres end in
      non-capsulated expansions owning thorn-like protrusions. Their morphology is
      studied and a possibly functional sensory significance is proposed, on the basis
      of previous experimental results.

PMID- 369274
TI  - [Structure and function of the fat-storing cell (FSC) in the liver--a review
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 369275
TI  - [In memorium: Prof. Shiro Ogawara (1901-1978)].

PMID- 369276
TI  - [In memorium: Prof. Wolfgang Bargmann (1906-1978)].

PMID- 369277
TI  - Effect of a slow release preparation of levodopa on Parkinson's disease in
      combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor.
AB  - Plasma concentrations of levodopa were determined after therapeutic oral levodopa
      carbidopa doses. The wide fluctuations observed in plasma levodopa levels could
      be considerably reduced by the addition of a slow release levodopa preparation.
      This kind of combination medication was given to 15 parkinsonian patients, whose
      earlier therapy had proved inadequate. With the combination medication, levodopa
      carbidopa, on an average 420 mg/42 mg combined with 950 mg of levodopa in slow
      release form, a statistically significant improvement in parkinsonian signs could
      be achieved without any worsening of the side effects. The results suggest that
      parkinsonian patients may tolerate much higher daily levodopa doses if the
      fluctuations in plasma levels of the drug can be diminished.

PMID- 369278
TI  - [The gonadotropin-resistant ovary syndrome].

PMID- 369279
TI  - Improvement of defective lactation by using oral metoclopramide.
AB  - An attempt has been made to pharmacologically enhance PRL secretion to improve
      lactation. Twenty-one puerperal women with past history of defective lactation
      and PRL levels under the normal range were studied for 4 weeks postpartum. Eleven
      patients who received orally 20 mg a day of metoclopramide showed persistently
      elevated basal levels of serum PRL during the four weeks' observation period.
      These women also had a good milk production and their infants did not need
      supplements. Ten women receiving placebo, however, showed an abrupt decrease in
      basal PRL levels, and this decrease persisted despite the continuation.
      Simultaneously a decline in the milk yield was observed and by the 14th
      postdelivery day milk production was minimal. The administration of
      metoclopramide at this moment to this group of poor lactating mothers produced an
      increase in serum PRL levels which presisted for the rest of the study.
      Metoclopramide also augmented the milk production so that these women were able
      to continue breast feeding their infants. Our preliminary results seem to prove
      that defective lactation associated with low prolactin levels (prolactipenia) can
      be treated by the manipulation of endogenous PRL secretion through the
      administration of metoclopramide or drugs which enhance PRL release.

PMID- 369281
TI  - A summary of the research on elective mutism.

PMID- 369280
TI  - Long-term prognosis of infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.
      Follow-up studies in infants surviving after the introduction of continuous
      positive airway pressure.
AB  - Fifty-one children surviving IRDS with CPAP alone or CPAP and IPPV were studied
      at the age of 2.5 to 4.0 years. One child had developed tetraplegia and mental
      retardation and 6 children were speech-retarded. Correlation with perinatal
      events showed that this group of children had a significantly lower gestational
      age and birth weight, a lower Apgar score and a higher PCO2 prior to ventilatory
      treatment than the remainder. Re-examination by age 4.0 to 5.0 years showed
      persistent handicaps in only four of the seven children.

PMID- 369282
TI  - [The meaning, the way and the work of death in children].

PMID- 369283
TI  - [Clinical study of attempted suicide in a girl less than twelve years old].

PMID- 369284
TI  - [Psychopathology and written language].

PMID- 369285
TI  - [Readiness for school in central Brazil].

PMID- 369286
TI  - [Communication between psychiatrists].

PMID- 369287
TI  - [Follow-up study after psychomotor therapy].

PMID- 369288
TI  - Parent-child transmission of some childhood behaviour characteristics.

PMID- 369290
TI  - [Guest editorial from the pediatric view: the role of child psychiatry in
      clinical pediatrics].

PMID- 369289
TI  - [III. Preventive programs in a guidance service for preschool children: the
      preventive role of a therapeutic child nursery].

PMID- 369291
TI  - Only children among childhood schizophrenics.

PMID- 369292
TI  - Psychological development of children and adolescents with hypothyroidism.

PMID- 369293
TI  - Psychosocial care at a center for haemodialysis and renal transplantation in
      children and adolescents.

PMID- 369294
TI  - [Child, parents, sickness and hospitalization].

PMID- 369295
TI  - Electron-microscopic demonstration of Streptococcus mutans in 5-day-old
      experimental dental plaque using immunohistochemistry.
AB  - The present work described the distribution of horseradish peroxidase reaction
      product obtained after immunohistochemical staining of consecutive ultra-thin
      sections of 5-day-old experimental dental plaques using differently absorbed anti
      S.mutans sobrinus, anti-S.mutans mutans, and normal rabbit lambda-globulins. It
      was found that an in situ identification of S.mutans subspecies sobrinus could be
      obtained using thoroughly absorbed anti-S.mutans sobrinus gamma-globulins and
      consecutive sections. The anti-S.mutans mutans gamma-globulins were after tests
      on pure cultures of several oral bacteria found to cross-react with S.milleri.
      Furthermore, crude and absorbed normal rabbit gamma-globulins were observed to
      contain antibodies that cross-reacted with several plaque microorganisms.

PMID- 369296
TI  - The predominating molecular form of gastrin and cholecystokinin in the gut is a
      small peptide corresponding to their COOH-terminal tetrapeptide amide.

PMID- 369297
TI  - Respiratory and circulatory responses to sustained positive-pressure breathing
      and exercise in man.
AB  - To investigate the effects of sustained positive-pressure breathing (PPB) on the
      adaptation of respiratory and circulatory functions to exercise, 8 healthy
      volunteers were exposed to PPB of air at 15 and 30 cm H2O in the supine position
      at rest and while performing leg exercise at 50% of individual maximal working
      capacity. PPB was both subjectively and objectively better tolerated when
      combined with exercise than it was at rest. PPB at 30 cm H2O resulted in marked
      hyperventilation with alkalosis in the resting condition, but did not
      significantly affect respiratory minute volume, blood gases or acid-base balance
      during exercise. Cardiac output and left ventricular work were reduced by about
      one fifth and one third, respectively, both at rest and during exercise. In
      contrast to the case at normal airway pressure, exercise-induced increase in
      cardiac output was accompanied by an increment in stroke volume during PPB.
      Although mean arterial pressure (relative to atmospheric) was elevated by PPB at
      rest and during exercise, the driving pressure in systemic circuits (arterial
      minus central venous pressure) was reduced in both conditions. It is concluded
      that dynamic exercise counteracts deleterious effects of PPB by normalizing
      respiratory function and by improving cardiac filling by activation of the leg
      muscle and the abdominal pumps.

PMID- 369298
TI  - A double-blind comparison of flupenthixol, nortriptyline and diazepam in neurotic
      depression.
AB  - A double-blind trial of flupenthixol, nortriptyline and diazepam in neurotic
      depression using flexible dose schedules suggested that each drug is an efficient
      treatment for this category of depression although the patterns of response and
      prevalence of side-effects varied. No differences reaching a level of
      significance could be shown on rating scales of depression or anxiety, but trends
      favoured flupenthixol. However, clinical evaluation suggested flupenthixol to be
      more effective than diazepam on mental state examination (P less than 0.05) and
      to have a greater overall therapeutic effect than nortriptyline (P less than
      0.05). It also had fewer side-effects than nortriptyline (P less than 0.05).

PMID- 369299
TI  - Preliminary clinical test of zimelidine (H 102/09), a new 5-HT uptake inhibitor.
AB  - Zimelidine, a bicyclic compound, which in animal experiments causes specific
      inhibition of the uptake of 5-HT, was tried on 15 patients with depression of
      endogenous type. It produced considerable and highly significant 5-HT uptake
      inhibition in rat brain slices incubated in blood plasma from the patient under
      treatment, but no inhibition of NA uptake. Depressive symptoms were effectively
      relieved or entirely abolished in about two thirds of the patients. Only four
      patients did not react to the drug, and three of these were probably in need of
      NA uptake inhibitors, which on other occasions had worked well on their
      depressions. These three patients showed an extreme degree or retardation. During
      zimelidine treatment they were not just unaffected but showed signs of
      excitation, impatience and desperate feelings. These preliminary findings
      strongly indicate the true existence of depressive cases in need of an NA uptake
      inhibitor, but completely resistant to a specific 5-HT uptake inhibitor. The
      final dose of zimelidine was 75 mg b.i.d. This dose, although sufficient in most
      cases, was obviously somewhat low for a few of our patients. The concentration in
      blood plasma of zimelidine should probably reach a minimum level of 250 nmol/l
      and norzimelidine 500 nmol/l, and to achieve this a general dosage of 100 mg
      b.i.d. is recommended.

PMID- 369300
TI  - Changes in learning, memory, and mood during lithium treatment. Approach to a
      research strategy.
AB  - In a double-blind study the effects of a 14-day lithium medication (dosage: 24
      mval/day to 36 mval/day) were investigated. The subjects were 24 healthy male
      volunteers. The effect of lithium on their mood, ability to learn nouns, and
      memory of the words learnt was measured after 2 hours and 14 days. In spite of a
      relatively low mean plasma lithium level on the 14th day (0.54 +/- 0.15 mmol/l),
      the lithium volunteers assessed themselves after 2 weeks of treatment as
      significantly less relaxed, less active, less socially involved, more bored, and
      more tired than the placebo group. As to learning, the lithium group showed only
      a slight impairment of performance compared with the placebo groups. As to
      memory, there was a significant difference in free recall over 2 weeks: the
      lithium group remembered fewer words than the placebo group. Additional
      motivation of free recall over 2 hours was ineffective. It is discussed whether
      lithium changes spontaneous initial action and thereby the will to act. This
      could be interpreted as a change in the production of the characteristics of
      experience and behaviour.

PMID- 369301
TI  - The human upper and middle face. A morphological investigation in a Norwegian
      medieval population. III. Variability.

PMID- 369302
TI  - A simple method for the determination of section thickness with high accuracy.
AB  - Using the partial carbon-coating of histological sections their thickness was
      determined by a relatively simple and accurate method. Calculations were based on
      the instrumental recording of the distance of focus change between the upper and
      lower section-surfaces. Determination of tissue refractive index was not
      required. Results compared favourably with those of more complicated techniques.

PMID- 369303
TI  - Glycoconjugate changes in a brain biopsy from a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob
      disease.

PMID- 369304
TI  - The accessory deep peroneal nerve.

PMID- 369305
TI  - [Localized chronic pemphigoid].

PMID- 369306
TI  - Carbon monoxide and smoking behavior.

PMID- 369307
TI  - Roots?

PMID- 369308
TI  - Early detection of coronary artery disease.

PMID- 369309
TI  - Unstable angina - results of medical and surgical treatment: status report.

PMID- 369310
TI  - Elimination of Escherichia coli K88 adhesion determinant by antibody in porcine
      gut and mammary secretions following oral immunization.
AB  - 1) Although virulence of enteropathogenic E. coli in the pig is essentially
      associated with the K88 adhesion determinant, protection of the neonate and
      weanling is not necessarily dependent upon antibodies to this surface antigen. 2)
      Modification of the surface antigenic characteristics of enteropathogens occurs
      in the presence of antibody, suggesting an immune mechanism of induced loss of
      the genetic elements responsible for the synthesis of K88. 3) Antibodies directed
      against the K88 antigen do not seem to participate in the elimination of the K88
      antigen. These observations provide a new concept that antibody mediated
      mechanisms of host defense include elimination of virulence determinants, a
      feature vital to maintaining the balance of the host pathogen relationship
      favorable to the host.

PMID- 369311
TI  - Secretory IgA antibodies to enterobacterial virulence antigens: their induction
      and possible relevance.
AB  - 1) Milk and salivary s-IgA antibodies are via the homing of IgA producing cells
      from the Peyer's patches closely connected with antigenic stimuli in the
      intestine. This explains the presence in human milk of s-IgA antibodies against
      E. coli O and K antigens, V. cholerae and Shigella O antigens, E. coli and V.
      cholerae enterotoxins. These secretory antibodies can be induced by intestinal
      exposure and boosted by parenteral vaccination. 2) Preliminary data suggest that
      the IgA response in the urinary tract and possibly in the lung may be involved in
      the homing mechanism as well. 3) The protective role of the milk s-IgA antibodies
      to enterobacterial virulence antigens is strongly suggested, as is the protection
      mediated by urinary antibodies against urinary tract infections.

PMID- 369312
TI  - Adhesion and chemotaxis as determinants of bacterial association with mucosal
      surfaces.
AB  - 1) Chemotaxis of cholera vibrios facilitates the association of these bacteria
      with the mucosal surface. 2) Mucosal extracts can block the chemotactic receptors
      on the bacterial surface and thereby retard the association of chemotactic
      bacteria with the mucosal surface. 3) Chemotactic cholera vibrios grow more
      efficiently than non-chemotactic mutants in germfree mice and in isolated
      intestinal loops of rabbits. Conversely, non-chemotactic mutants grow more
      efficiently in infant mice. 4) Chemotaxis is therefore of considerable importance
      to the in vivo growth of cholera vibrios. The various mechanisms, including those
      of local immunity, by which bacterial chemotaxis can be exploited for the benefit
      of the host deserve further exploration.

PMID- 369313
TI  - Prevention of bacterial infections of mucosal surfaces by immune secretory IgA.
AB  - 1) Colonization and diarrhea in the rabbit due to RDEC-1 strain E. coli elicits
      an immune response that prevents subsequent infection with the same bacterium. 2)
      RDEC-1 and InvEC strain colonization of the gut of pregnant rabbits is followed
      by the appearance, post-delivery, of anti-InvEC or RDEC-1 strain s-IgA in the
      milk, some of which was able to agglutinate as many as 3.4 X 10(11) bacteria per
      mg of s-IgA. 3) Immune s-IgA, given by the orogastric route to rabbits, is able
      to survive the digestive enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract to prevent the
      colonization and diarrhea that follows the inoculation of InvEC and RDEC-1
      strains. One possible explanation for the protective effect of s-IgA is the in
      vivo agglutination of bacteria in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 369314
TI  - Studies on oral adjuvants against murine salmonellosis.
AB  - 1) Attempts were made to develop oral adjuvants against murine salmonellosis. 2)
      Streptomycin, levamisole and PHA show potential immunoenhancing properties
      against salmonella infection. 3) The mode of action of these agents remain to be
      elucidated. Observed results of PHA enhancement may be related to its blastogenic
      effects in the splenic T-cells. 4) Decrease in certain bacterial flora resulting
      in less antigenic competition may be the mode of action of streptomycin as
      adjuvant when added to oral salmonella vaccine.

PMID- 369316
TI  - Detection of IgA anti-Escherichia coli plasma cells in the intestine and salivary
      glands of pigs orally and locally infected with E. coli.

PMID- 369315
TI  - Measurements of IgA memory to 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) in the sera of adoptive
      recipient rats using the amplified ELISA.

PMID- 369317
TI  - Search for cross-reacting antigens of oral acidogenic bacteria and members of the
      normal intestinal flora.

PMID- 369318
TI  - Fluorescence quantitation of s-IgA in parotid saliva and of s-IgA bound to oral
      microorganisms.

PMID- 369319
TI  - Age changes in rhythms of energy metabolism, activity, and body temperature in
      Mus and Peromyscus.

PMID- 369320
TI  - Virology and neuroepidemiology: chronic viral infections of the nervous system.

PMID- 369321
TI  - Epidemiology of Reye syndrome.

PMID- 369322
TI  - Epidemiology of Guillain-Barre syndrome.
AB  - The only measures of morbidity for Guillain-Barre syndrome in well-defined
      populations in the continental United States come from Olmsted County, Minnesota,
      and San Joaquin County, California. The estimated incidence rates are between 1
      and 2 cases per 100,000 population per year. Despite the hazards of generalizing
      from such small samples, these are the only estimates available. Large case
      series have suggested that the syndrome is more common in males, that it may
      occur at any age, and that it is frequently associated with some antecedent
      infection. Only two case-control comparisons have been carried out which reveal
      an association between Guillain-Barre syndrome and an infection 1 month prior to
      onset of neurological symptoms. A recent survey of four states in the United
      States revealed that the risk of Guillain-Barre syndrome among individuals
      receiving immunization against influenza A/New Jersey is 7.3 times the risk among
      the nonvaccinated. Aside from these investigations and one study linking Guillian
      Barre syndrome and high antibody titers to cytomegalovirus, adequate
      epidemiologic studies to test suggested etiologic hypotheses have not yet been
      carried out. The rarity of the condition and the variations in its clinical
      presentation and course pose certain problems for epidemiologic investigations.
      Strategies for overcoming these difficulties are discussed.

PMID- 369323
TI  - Epidemiologic features of head and spinal cord injury.

PMID- 369324
TI  - Epidemiology of stroke.

PMID- 369325
TI  - Epidemiology of epilepsy.

PMID- 369326
TI  - Epidemiology of headache.

PMID- 369327
TI  - Epidemiology of radiculopathies.
AB  - Many diseases affecting the peripheral nervous system or the spinal canal may be
      associated with pathology in the nerve roots, but the most common sources of
      radiculopathy are conditions that cause direct compression of nerve roots,
      including prolapsed intervertebral disks, disk degeneration, and osteoarthrosis
      of the apophyseal joints. The risk for prolapsed lumbar disk is highest in the
      group 20 to 39 years of age, and it is probably increased by the driving of motor
      vehicles, full-term pregnancies, and sedentary occupations. Cervical disk
      prolapses tend to occur in a slightly older age group, but very little is known
      of specific etiologic agents. Both lumbar and cervical prolapses usually occur in
      a posterior-lateral direction, and thus they are generally associated with nerve
      root impingement. Both osteoarthrosis of the apophyseal joints and disk
      degeneration sometimes progress to nerve root involvement. Although the shape and
      position of the involved structures undoubtedly influence the likelihood of
      radiculopathy, it is unclear what other factors cause some individuals to
      progress to the stage of nerve root involvement and not others. Prevalence rates
      for osteoarthrosis of the lumbar and cervical spines increase markedly with age,
      and both are sometimes associated with generalized osteoarthrosis. Mechanical
      stresses from heavy occupations such as mining and from certain structural
      abnormalities of the spine such as spondylolisthesis predispose to osteoarthrosis
      of the lumbar spine. However, little is known about factors associated with
      osteoarthrosis of the cervical spine. The nature of the stress related to
      development of osteoarthrosis in the lumbar spine is not known. Disk degeneration
      is also strongly related to age, with preliminary degenerative changes occurring
      as early as 20 to 29 years of age and osteophyte formation tending to occur from
      the fifth decade on. Mechanical stress from heavy occupations is associated with
      lumbar disk degeneration, but, again, little is known about etiologic factors in
      cervical disk degeneration. It is apparent that much remains to be learned about
      the etiology and natural history of these conditions, and it is clear that the
      gaps in knowledge are even greater for the cervical region than for the lumbar
      spine. In view of the relatively high frequency of occurrence of these conditions
      and the amount of pain and disability they cause, epidemiologic studies of
      etiology and natural history are urgently needed.

PMID- 369328
TI  - Epidemiology of hearing impairment and other communicative disorders.

PMID- 369329
TI  - Epidemiology of cerebral palsy.

PMID- 369330
TI  - Epidemiology of senile dementia.

PMID- 369331
TI  - Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 369332
TI  - Nosology, genetics, and epidemiology of hereditary ataxias, with particular
      reference to the epidemiology to these disorders in western Norway.

PMID- 369334
TI  - Epidemiology of myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 369333
TI  - Motor neuron disease: changing population patterns and clues for etiology.

PMID- 369335
TI  - Neurologic complications of alcohol abuse: epidemiologic aspects.

PMID- 369336
TI  - Prostaglandins: physiological and clinical correlations.
AB  - This review has necessarily been incomplete. We have not considered the
      potentially important interplay between PGs and male and female reproductive
      functions or the well-documented relationships between PGs and inflammation. We
      have examined the evidence for the influence of PGs on the pulmonary and
      peripheral vascular circulations and the interaction between PGs and the kidney
      and the autonomic nervous system. Emphasis has been placed on the role of PGs in
      the control of the circulation of the ductus arteriosus, and our recent
      experiences with indomethacin in sick, preterm infants with large left-to-right
      ductal shunting have been outlined. Existing information has been reviewed
      concerning PGs and the fetal-placental and fetal-maternal units. It should be
      clear that a host of proposed functions exists for PGs; many remain tentative in
      light of the conflicting and often bewildering results of animal experimentation.

PMID- 369337
TI  - Pancreatic function and disease in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 369338
TI  - Mitral valve prolapse.

PMID- 369339
TI  - Mitral valve prolapse in children.

PMID- 369340
TI  - Kidney and bladder infections.

PMID- 369341
TI  - Maternal-infant interaction during the immediate postpartum period.

PMID- 369342
TI  - Current topics in host defenses of the newborn.

PMID- 369343
TI  - Environmental causes of cancer in childhood.
AB  - Although it is commonly said that only a small proportion of childhood cancers
      are caused by environmental exposures, much has been learned about exogenous
      carcinogens through study of their effects or noneffects in children: 1. Ionizing
      radiation poses some risk no matter how small the dose. 2. Concepts about the
      viral etiology of cancer have had to be adapted to fit observations in children
      concerning candidate viruses. 3. Transplacental chemical carcinogenesis has
      become a reality and poses an increasing threat as chemical pollution worsens. 4.
      Questions have been raised about the risk of breast feeding in (at present) rare
      instances when the mother has been heavily exposed to chemicals that are excreted
      in the fat of breast milk. 5. A few drugs administered to children induce cancers
      within the pediatric age-span. The pediatrician must take action not only against
      exogenous agents that induce cancer while the patient is under his care, but also
      against exposures that begin in utero and lie latent or accumulate throughout
      life to give rise to cancers in the years or decades ahead. There is much more to
      carcinogenesis than the effects of the environment. Important information has
      been gained about the origins of cancer and about human biology in general
      through studies of children who are unusually susceptible to certain forms of
      neoplasia. Knowing the mechanisms involved may lead to new modes of treatment, to
      screening tests for environmental carcinogens or to methods for detecting cancer
      early enough for treatment to be life-saving.

PMID- 369344
TI  - Endotoxin induced changes in the pharmacokinetics of warfarin in rabbits.

PMID- 369345
TI  - Industrial hygiene consultants.

PMID- 369346
TI  - Accredited laboratories.

PMID- 369347
TI  - Coal gasification and occupational health.
AB  - Identification and prevention of health effects due to occupational exposures in
      coal gasification processes requires a basic knowledge of the technological
      process by which gasification proceeds. This paper presents an overview of the
      technology and a rational approach to health hazard identification based upon the
      concept of the unit operation specific micro environment. A final section is
      devoted to summarizing current research efforts being carried out under the aegis
      of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

PMID- 369348
TI  - Incidence of new pulmonary perfusion defects after routine cardiac
      catheterization.
AB  - The incidence of pulmonary perfusion defects after routine cardiac
      catheterization was assessed in 57 patients by comparing ventilation-perfusion
      lung scans obtained before and 1 day after catheterization. Patients were
      prospectively randomized to two groups, one in which right heart catheterization
      was performed using an antecubital venous cutdown procedure and one in which the
      percutaneous femoral vein approach was used. Seven patients (12 percent) had new
      postcatheterization perfusion defects consistent with pulmonary emboli. These
      patients did not differ significantly from patients without new defects in
      clinical characteristics, duration of catheterization, hemodynamic variables or
      route of right heart catheterization. The data suggest that pulmonary embolism
      may be a more common complication of routine cardiac catheterization than
      previously appreciated.

PMID- 369349
TI  - Electrophysiologic approach to therapy of recurrent sustained ventricular
      tachycardia.
AB  - The refinement of the techniques of programmed stimulation and intracardiac
      recording has led to understanding of the mechanism of ventricular tachycardia
      and these techniques can be applied clinically to the development of therapeutic
      regimens. The efficacy of drug therapy can be assessed in sequential studies
      evaluating the ability of drugs to prevent initiation of the arrhythmia by
      electrical stimulation. The efficacy of pacemaker therapy can be evaluated by
      assessing the effects of stimulation during the tachycardia. The recent
      development of endocardial mapping provides the surgeon with a tool to guide
      therapeutic surgical ablation of the site of origin of the tachycardia. Such an
      electrophysiologic approach to recurrent ventricular tachycardia can lead to the
      rapid development of successful therapy under controlled conditions.

PMID- 369350
TI  - The concept of trifascicular intraventricular conduction: historical aspects and
      influence on contemporary cardiology.
AB  - The efforts of Mauricio Rosenbaum and his co-workers in putting together the
      anatomic and electrocardiographic correlations that led to the development of the
      concept of trifascicular intraventricular conduction have had a major impact on
      electrocardiography. Perhaps the greatest testimony to their contributions is the
      large number of related publications by many authors since the printing of Los
      Hemibloqueos more than 10 years ago.

PMID- 369351
TI  - Regulation of zinc absorption: role of intracellular ligands.

PMID- 369354
TI  - Germ-tube-positive Candida tropicalis.

PMID- 369352
TI  - Nutritional anemia: its understanding and control with special reference to the
      work of the World Health Organization.
AB  - Since 1949, the World Health Organization, recognizing the public health
      importance of nutritional anemia, has sponsored efforts directed towards its
      understanding and control. During this period, often as a result of the work of
      the Organization, advances have been made in many areas. Basic understanding of
      iron, folate and vitamin B12 nutrition, and the various factors which may
      influence the availability and requirements of these factors, has greatly
      increased. Surveys in a number of countries have highlighted the widespread
      prevalence of nutritional anemia, particularly in developing countries. The major
      factor responsible is a deficiency of iron, whith folate deficiency also playing
      a role in some population groups, especially in preganant women. There is
      increasing evidence that anemia adversely affects the health of individuals and
      may have profound socioeconomic consequences. Control of nutritional anemia is
      possible by providing the deficient nutrient(s) either as therapeutic supplements
      or by fortification of commonly used foodstuffs. Some control programs are
      reviewed and suggestions for further action outlined. The Organization still has
      an important role to play in this field, encouraging the development of control
      programs and providing advice and technical assistance ot member countries.

PMID- 369353
TI  - Medical parasitology in China: an historical perspective.
AB  - Traditional Chinese anthelmintics prove to be interesting because social,
      political, cultural, psychological and philosophical factors could affect them. A
      review of the ideas on the origin of parasitic infection and the historical
      development of medical parasitology in China is attempted to aid in the
      elucidation of the rationale of traditional Chinese anthelminthic treatment.

PMID- 369355
TI  - Alcoholic hepatic disease. Specificity of IgA deposits in liver.
AB  - The extent to which the immunofluorescent phenomenon of homogeneous deposition of
      IgA in the hepatic sinusoids (so-called continuous pattern) was specific for
      alcoholic hepatic disease was investigated. In 66 of 320 liver biopsy specimens a
      continuous IgA pattern was observed. Alcoholism was mentioned in the cases of 50
      of the 66 patients (76%). The biopsy specimens in the remaining 254 cases
      continued scanty detectable IgA (discontinuous pattern) or none. In the latter
      group only eight patients (3%) had histories of alcoholism. A direct correlation
      between a continuous IgA pattern in the hepatic sinusoids and alcohol abuse is
      thus inferred (P less than 0.001). Additional findings of the concomitant
      occurrence of IgA in the perisinusoidal linings of the liver, the wall of
      superficial cutaneous capillaries, capillaries of the gut, and the glomerular
      mesangium in association with alcoholic hepatic disease further substantiates the
      concept of the existence of an IgA-associated disease.

PMID- 369356
TI  - Characterization of a polyvalent conjugate of Bacterroides fragilis by
      fluorescent antibody staining.
AB  - A polyvalent conjugate (fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled antibody reagent)
      prepared for Bacteroides fragilis contained conjugates prepared against three
      strains of B. fragilis. This conjugate stained 93% of the 111 B. fragilis test
      strains; the other 7% of B. fragilis stained at certain times but not others. The
      conjugate was specific for B. fragilis, 91 strains of anaerobes other than B.
      fragilis and aerobes failed to give a positive fluorescence. The advantage of
      this conjugate is that it provides a quicker and less expensive identification of
      B. fragilis than the use of pre-reduced biochemical media and gas chromatography.

PMID- 369357
TI  - Annotated bibliography of health care books for children.
AB  - We present a comprehensive bibliography of books aimed to help physicians, other
      health care providers, and parents prepare children for medical contacts.
      Publications have been annotated and rated on the basis of use and cost. We
      propose that this will be a useful reference for those responsible for the health
      care of the pediatric population.

PMID- 369358
TI  - Effect of cimetidine on stimulated gastric secretion and serum gastrin in the
      dog.
AB  - The histamine H-2 receptor antagonist cimetidine was given for 90 minutes to four
      fistula dogs during a steady dose 270-minute infusion of histamine (50 microgram.
      base/kg.hr.), urecholine (80 microgram./kg.hr.) or pentagastrin (1.5
      microgram./kg.hr). In each case there was gradual but marked (75-95%) inhibition
      of acid secretion with maximal effects after 60-90 minutes while pepsin secretion
      was also suppressed but to a lesser extent. These effects persisted for at least
      the 90 minutes after the end of cimetidine infusion. Serum gastrin was not
      significantly changed by cimetidine. Kinetics of effect of cimetidine were
      derived from stepdose responses to histamine (2-150 microgram./kg.hr.),
      pentagastrin (0.1 to 10 microgram.kg.hr.) and urecholine 20-160
      microgram./kg.hr.) which were made alone and with background infusions of
      cimetidine. Cimetidine acted competitively for acid output with histamine as the
      stimulus and noncompetitively for pentagastrin or urecholine. With histamine or
      pentagastrin pepsin was less inhibited than H+ and in the case of urecholine,
      pepsin secretion was not inhibited by cimetidine.

PMID- 369359
TI  - The secretin story: a saga in clinical medicine and gastrointestinal physiology.

PMID- 369360
TI  - Carcinoma of the small intestine in regional enteritis: presentation of a case
      and review of the literature.
AB  - A case of carcinoma of the jejunum occurring in a patient with Crohn's disease of
      30-years' duration is presented. Forty-seven previously reported small bowel
      carcinomas in Crohn's disease patients are reviewed. The incidence of small bowel
      carcinomas in patients with Crohn's disease has been cited as being as low as
      0.08%, a figure which is still higher than the 1 in 10(9) population which would
      be predicted if the two diseases were independent of one another. The average age
      of incidence of the Crohn's carcinomas was 46.5 years while that for the de novo
      group was 55 years. The sexual ratios were 2.46:1 and 2:1, males to females, for
      the respective groups. The de novo carcinomas had a slight predilection for the
      duodenum at 40.7% while the latter group had a heavy predilection for the ileum
      at 70.8% and contained no duodenal carcinomas. The prognosis of the Crohn's group
      appeared to be much worse than that of the de novo group with five-year survivals
      of 3.7% and 20-22% respectively. Late diagnosis in the enteritis group was felt
      to be the major reason for this. Finally, several pathological differences
      between the lesions in both groups are presented.

PMID- 369361
TI  - Comparison of the effects of glucagon and atropine sulfate on gastric emptying.
AB  - Six asymptomatic adult males cooperated in a study of gastric emptying. Each
      subject was given a test meal of 500 ml. of 3.5% glucose on a fasting stomach.
      Ten minutes prior to the meal each was given either 1 mg atropine sulfate,
      placebo, or 2 mg. glucagon, double-blind and crossover. Each drug was given
      twice, intravenously, in a random order. The meal was removed by a Salem sump
      tube half an hour after ingestion. When compared to placebo, the active drugs
      significantly (P less than 0.05) slowed gastric emptying; atropine sulfate was
      more effective (P less than 0.05) than glucagon. The active drugs significantly
      (P 0.05) decreased total gastric acid secretion and total gastric chloride as
      compared to placebo. Glucagon significantly (P 0.05) increased the blood glucose
      concentration as compared to placebo. These results indicate that both glucagon
      and atropine sulfate slow the gastric emptying of a liquid sugar meal from the
      stomach.

PMID- 369362
TI  - Alcohol-induced gastric and duodenal lesions in man.
AB  - To determine the effect of an acute dose of ethanol on the stomach and duodenum,
      seven alcoholic subjects with previously normal upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
      were reevaluated with endoscopy and directed biopsy three hours after the oral
      ingestion of ethanol (1 gm./kg. body weight) as a 35 gm./100 ml. solution. After
      ingestion of alcohol, all seven subjects had moderate to severe antral erythema
      and friability and two had patchy erosions and hemorrhage in the antrum and
      fundus of the stomach. Five of seven subjects had changes in the duodenal bulb
      consisting of erythema similar to that in the antrum of the stomach.
      Microscopically after alcohol, four of seven demonstrated focal subepithelial
      hemorrhage and another had frank mucosal hemorrhage in the antrum. In the
      duodenal bulb, four of seven subjects demonstrated focal subepithelial hemorrhage
      in the tips of bulbar villi and four of seven had striking infiltration of
      eosinophils in the subepithelial stroma. These histologic alterations were not
      present in prealcohol biopsies or in biopsies in two additional subjects given
      club soda alone or beef bouillon, or in repeat biopsies in two subjects re
      endoscoped three days after the ingestion of alcohol when the endoscopic findings
      were again normal. It is concluded that a single dose of alcohol consistently
      causes macroscopic and microscopic antral and duodenal alterations.

PMID- 369363
TI  - Recurrent diarrhea in older children associated with enteropathogenic E. coli.

PMID- 369364
TI  - Empiric therapy of febrile granulocytopenic patients.
AB  - Antibiotic therapy in granulocytopenic cancer patients, the risk factors
      predisposing these patients to infection, and the signs, symptoms and types of
      infections occurring in these patients are reviewed. The four most commonly
      isolated organism at most cancer treatment centers are Escherichia coli,
      Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Early
      antimicrobial therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics before culture results are
      known produces cure rates of approximately 70%, regardless of the combination
      used. The most important predictor of response to any antibacterial regimen is a
      rise in the absolute granulocyte count. The current recommended fever regimen
      would be carbenicillin (or ticarcillin) with an aminoglycoside. The choice of an
      aminoglycoside depends on the prevailing organism sensitivities at a particular
      institution; in many cases, gentamicin sulfate is suitable. Addition of a
      cephalosporin to the two-drug regimen offers little increase in cure rates,
      except whem aminoglycoside-resistant Enterobacteriaceae are prevalent. Because of
      nephrotoxicity produced with combinations of cephalothin sodium and the
      aminoglycosides, cefazolin sodium would be the current cephalosporin of choice.
      An alternate third drug to be considered is co-trimoxazole, a broad-spectrum
      antimicrobial not yet commercially available in parenteral form. In the absence
      of a clinical response to appropriate antimicrobial therapy in documented
      infections, granulocyte transfusions may be indicated.

PMID- 369365
TI  - Heparinized bottles for the collection of body cavity fluids in cytopathology.
AB  - A method of preparing cytopathology specimen collection bottles with a heparin
      solution is described. The need and benefits of using heparinized bottles for the
      collection of body cavity fluids are discussed briefly. The formulation of the
      heparin solution and procedure for preparation of the bottles are given in
      detail. Collection techniques are discussed briefly. Use of the heparinized
      bottles results in more reliable diagnostic procedures.

PMID- 369366
TI  - Harvey A.K. Whitney lecture. The patient's pharmacist.
AB  - The concept of the patient's pharmacist, the clinical pharmacist who directs his
      efforts to the individual patient with prospective and concurrent drug use
      review, is discussed. A patient's pharmacist is familiar with the patient's
      medical and social history and his present health problems, and ensures that the
      patient's drug therapy is appropriate at all times. His knowledge base includes
      an understanding of the clinical use and actions of drugs, pharmacokinetics,
      optimum clinical response expected from drug therapy, monitoring and evaluating
      clinical response and communication skills for medication counseling. The patient
      information the pharmacist needs is discussed in detail. The pharmacist should
      record his patient care activities in the medical record; this record can serve
      as a basis for evaluating the pharmacist's activities.

PMID- 369367
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: nitrofurantoin.
AB  - Mechanism of action, antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacology, adverse reactions and
      therapeutic uses of nitrofurantoin, a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, are
      discussed. The frequency and potential severity of reactions attributed to
      nitrofurantoin, plus its inability to achieve therapeutic blood concentrations,
      relegate this drug to a position of secondary importance. Nitrofurantoin compares
      favorably with other standard agents for the therapy of acute and recurrent
      urinary tract infections in women which may be caused by susceptible organisms,
      and it is an effective chemoprophylactic agent for patients with recurrent
      urinary tract infections. The compound has no apparent adverse effects on the
      developing fetus and can be used in pregnant women. This is not sanctioned by the
      package insert, however. Nitrofurantoin should not be administered when the
      possibility of bacteremia exists, as the drug does not achieve therapeutic serum
      levels when administered orally. Nitrofurantoin is contraindicated for patients
      with renal insufficiency. The value of this compound for men with acute urinary
      tract infection, recurrent urinary tract infection, acute bacterial prostatitis
      or chronic bacterial prostatitis has not been established. There are no
      indications for prescribing parenteral nitrofurantoin.

PMID- 369368
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: treatment of sarcoidosis.
AB  - Sarcoidosis, the possibility of its spontaneous remission, and its responsiveness
      to corticosteroid and other drug therapies are discussed. Sarcoidosis is a
      disease of unknown etiology characterized histologicaly by a granulomatous
      process with cellular infiltration. The granulomatous changes may remit
      spontaneously or may develop into fibrosis that, at times, is severe; factors
      that influence these progressions of the disease are not known. Cellular and
      humoral immunological abnormalities may be associated with this disease. Any
      organ can be affected although there is a high frequency of pulmonary
      involvement. Sarcoidosis may be benign and remit spontaneously in as many as 70%
      to 80% of cases, but the overall case fatality rate can be as high as 10%.
      Corticosteroids, the most effective therapy, cause temporary remission of the
      granulomatous changes but do not influence established fibrosis. Corticosteroids
      only temporarily influence the natural progression of sarcoidosis; however,
      corticosteroid therapy can preserve the function of vital organs. Other forms of
      treatment, such as chloroquine, methotrexate, oxyphenbutazone, allopurinol and
      levamisole hydrochloride, also produce remissions of the granulomatous infiltrate
      of sarcoidosis but offer no therapeutic advantages over corticosteroids. The
      decision to treat is often a difficult one, since corticosteroids and these other
      therapies have potentially hazardous side effects.

PMID- 369369
TI  - Therapeutic neutrophil transfusions: are controlled studies no longer
      appropriate?
AB  - The aim of this review is to determine whether sufficient data have been reported
      to completely define the role and/or efficacy of neutrophil transfusions in the
      treatment of specific types of infections in neutropenic patients. Data were
      collected from the literature pertaining to the use of therapeutic neutrophil
      transfusions. When only the controlled studies are analyzed, a significant
      therapeutic advantage for neutrophil transfusions plus antibiotics can be
      demonstrated when this treatment is compared to treatment with antibiotics alone.
      However, the controlled studies are vulnerable to critical analysis, and several
      points argue against applying data from these studies indiscriminately to all
      infected, neutropenic patients encountered in practice. Moreover, it is apparent
      when all of the data (controlled and uncontrolled studies) are tabulated, that
      information is insufficient to establish the efficacy of neutrophil transfusions
      as treatment for most types of specific bacterial infections. Several problems
      exist in the wholesale acceptance of liberal transfusion policies, and the
      benefits that justify continued controlled studies deserve emphasis.

PMID- 369370
TI  - William Harvey on the circulation of the blood and on generation.

PMID- 369371
TI  - Indigestion in Harvey's time.

PMID- 369373
TI  - Goodpasture's syndrome with normal renal function.
AB  - Two male patients with Goodpasture's syndrome manifesting as severe pulmonary
      hemorrhage with minimal renal abnormalities are described. Both patients had
      microscopic hematuria with normal renal function, and one had transient
      proteinuria. Renal glomerular histology was normal and electron microscopic
      findings revealed no electron-dense deposits, but immunofluorescence of
      immunoglobulin G (IgG) was positive in a linear fashion along glomerular
      capillary basement membranes in both patients. Pulmonary hemorrhage was arrested
      following prednisone therapy, and both patients have normal pulmonary and renal
      function at five and 13 months of follow-up. The literature on patients with
      Goodpasture's syndrome, pulmonary hemorrhage and normal renal function with
      minimal proteinuria is reviewed. It is suggested that a subset of patients with
      Goodpasture's syndrome have pulmonary hemorrhage as their major manifestation.
      Since prednisone seems to have an apparent beneficial effect on pulmonary
      hemorrhage, and relatively good prognosis, this diagnosis should be considered in
      patients with idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage.

PMID- 369372
TI  - Werner's syndrome: in vivo and in vitro characteristics as a model of aging.

PMID- 369374
TI  - Cytogenetic and endocrine studies in a 45,X female subject with spontaneous
      sexual development.
AB  - Cytogenetic and endocrine evaluation of a postpubertal 45,X female subject with
      Turner's stigmas and spontaneous sexual development was performed. A 45,X
      chromosomal complement was found in the peripheral blood lymphocytes, bone
      marrow, and fibroblasts derived from skin and ovaries. Menarche, pubarche, and
      thelarche occurred at age 12; at age 16 she developed menstrual irregularities,
      with endometrial bleeding occurring every 60 to 90 days. The ovaries were normal
      in size, and histologic examination revealed a marked paucity of primordial
      follicles, increased collagenization, and absence of corpora albicans.
      Anovulatory cycles with moderately elevated levels of luteinizing hormone (LH)
      and low follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were observed. LH-releasing
      hormone pituitary stimulation induced a normal LH release with a very slight FSH
      increase. Administration of clomiphene citrate successfully induced a normal
      length ovulatory cycle. Similarities in the hormonal situation of this patient
      and that seen in the Stein-Leventhal syndrome are pointed out.

PMID- 369375
TI  - Accumulation of norethindrone and individual metabolites in human plasma during
      short- and long-term administration of a contraceptive dosage.
AB  - Blood levels of free, sulfate, and glucuronide conjugates of norethindrone (NE)
      and its ring A reduced metabolites 17alpha-ethynyl-5beta-estrane-3alpha, 17beta
      diol and 17alpha-ethynyl-5alpha-estrane-3alpha, 17beta-diol were measured in a
      female volunteer who received six consecutive daily doses of 2.5 mg. of NE and in
      four female volunteers undergoing chronic treatment with Orthonovum 2 mg. (2 mg.
      of NE and 0.1 mg. of mestranol [ME]). The blood levels were quantified by gas
      chromatograph-mass spectrometry. During treatment for 6 days with 2.5 mg. of NE
      daily, the 3 hour blood levels of NE and the ring A reduced metabolites increased
      in a stepwise fashion. During long-term treatment the concentrations of NE, NE
      sulfate, and the conjugates of the ring A reduced metabolites were seen to build
      up to a peak at approximately the midpoint of the treatment phase of each cycle,
      and drop to near baseline during the time when no drug was administered.
      Individuals varied as to their tendency to accumulate the drug and metabolites,
      and as to the relative proportion of metabolites formed.

PMID- 369376
TI  - Group B streptococcal colonization and antibody status in lower socioeconomic
      parturient women.
AB  - This investigation was undertaken to determine the prevalence of group B
      streptococcal vaginal and throat colonization among lower socioeconomic pregnant
      women and the antibody concentration to the capsular polysaccharide antigen of
      type III group B streptococcus in their sera. Group B streptococci were recovered
      from 28.6 per cent of the 112 women studied; vaginal colonization was detected in
      23.4 per cent, throat colonization in 4.7 per cent, and colonization at both
      sites in 0.9 per cent of the patients, respectively. Among these isolates of
      group B streptococci, serotypes III (39.5 per cent) and II (30.3 per cent)
      predominated. No differences were found between colonized and noncolonized women
      with respect to age, race, marital status, or parity. The majority of all women
      studied had low concentration of antibody in serum (less than 1.0 microgram per
      milliliter). However, women with isolation of type III group B streptococci from
      cultures at the time sera were collected had significantly higher concentrations
      than did women without group B streptococci from cultures at the time sera were
      collected had significantly higher concentrations than did women without group B
      streptococcal colonization.

PMID- 369377
TI  - Optometric management of Fuchs's endothelial dystrophy.
AB  - Fuchs's endothelial dystrophy interferes with removal of fluid from the cornea by
      the endothelium. It progresses through stages of corneal guttata, corneal edema,
      bullous keratopathy, vascularization, and scarring, and complications such as
      glaucoma or infection. The optometrist can detect this disorder and manage its
      early stages as well as provide counseling and proper referral. This paper
      includes a case study and a discussion of the course and treatment of this
      disease.

PMID- 369379
TI  - Herbert Kurtz Cooper, Sr. (1897-1978).

PMID- 369378
TI  - Diseases of the optic nerve, tracts, and visual cortex: an annual review of the
      ophthalmic literature.
AB  - The ophthalmic literature dealing with diseases of the optic nerve, tracts, and
      visual cortex was reviewed for the period November 1976 to November 1977. Thirty
      three papers of interest to optometrists have been abstracted. Main areas of
      interest include response of posterior segment to anterior-segment disturbances;
      structural anomalies in nerve-head region, including a new potential cause for
      hypoplasia of optic nerve; speculation on possible common origins of RPE/Bruch's
      membrane disturbances and endothelium/Descemet's membrane disturbances; a
      vascular hypothesis for pathogenesis of optic-nerve-head drusen; an explanation
      for reversibility of infantile glaucomatous cupping; glaucomatocyclitic crisis;
      the role of axoplasmic flow in papilledema; new developments in field testing for
      early glaucomatous loss; effects of cerebral vascular accidents on color vision;
      and two interesting instances of systemic disease with ocular manifestations.

PMID- 369380
TI  - C. P. J. Reysenbach (1932-1978).

PMID- 369381
TI  - Direct bonding of polycarbonate orthodontic brackets: an in vitro study.

PMID- 369382
TI  - Enamel surface appearance after various debonding techniques.

PMID- 369383
TI  - Acid etch bonded cast orthodontic retainers.
AB  - We have described a technique which involves the use of a cast orthodontic
      retaining appliance bonded by the acid etch technique and composite resin for
      semipermanent retention. The technique provides an alternative form of treatment
      which offers some unique advantages over previous retentive techniques.

PMID- 369385
TI  - Dr. Dugoni named dean of UOP School of Dentistry.

PMID- 369384
TI  - Direct versus indirect bonding.

PMID- 369386
TI  - Presentation of the Gerard A. Devlin Memorial Award to Milton B. Asbell.

PMID- 369387
TI  - Rehabilitation Gazette 1958-1978.

PMID- 369388
TI  - Differential effects of somatostatin analogues on alpha- and beta-cells of the
      pancreas.
AB  - We examined the effect of somatostatin (SS) and its analogues on basal insulin
      and glucagon output from the right lobe of the in situ canine pancreas.
      Somatostatin (0.17 and 1.7 microgram/min, iv) significantly inhibited insulin
      (delta = -48 +/- 9% and delta = -88 +/- 3%) and glucagon (delta = -13 +/- 16%, P
      = NS and delta = -55 +/- 8%). Des-Asn5-SS Significantly inhibited insulin (delta
      = -40 +/- 9% and delta = -92 +/- 3%) but not glucagon (delta = +35 +/- 18% and
      delta = +4 +/- 12%). Likewise, [D-Ser13]-SS significantly inhibited insulin
      (delta = -40 +/- 14% and delta = -71 +/- 8%) with only slight inhibition of
      glucagon (delta = +26 +/- 15%, P = NS and delta = -16 +/- 6%, P less than 0.05).
      In contrast, [D-Cys14]-SS significantly inhibited both inhibited both insulin and
      glucagon. We conclude that structural changes of cyclic somatostatin can
      dissociate its ability to inhibit pancreatic insulin and glucagon secretion.
      Because the putative receptors on the pancreatic alpha- and beta-cell appear to
      recognize different configurations of the somatostatin molecule, it is suggested
      that the receptors themselves are different.

PMID- 369389
TI  - Stimulus-secretion coupling of glucose-induced insulin release. XXIX. Regulation
      of 86Rb+ efflux from perfused islets.
AB  - Glucose provokes a dose-related, rapid, sustained, and rapidly reversible
      reduction in the fractional outflow rate of 86Rb+ from perfused pancreatic
      islets. This efflux probably corresponds to a passive movement driven by the
      electrochemical gradient of K+ across the plasma membrane and mediated by a
      native ionphoretic system. Indeed, it is facilitated by valinomycin or cell
      membrane depolarization, little affected by ouabain, and inhibited by verapamil
      or omission of extracellular K+. The effect of glucose upon 86Rb+ efflux does not
      appear to be directly attributable to changes in either glucose transport, plasma
      cell polarization, Na+ influx, cyclic AMP concentration, or insulin secretion.
      Although a modulatory role of intracellular Ca2+ on K+ conductance cannot be
      ruled out, the experimental data suggest rather that the glucose-induced
      modification of 86Rb+ fractional outflow rate is directly linked, for its major
      part, to metabolic events such as an increase in the rate of glycolysis and/or
      generation of reduced pyridine nucleotides.

PMID- 369390
TI  - Effect of atropine and vagotomy on response of transplanted pancreas.
AB  - It is well established that atropine and vagotomy inhibit pancreatic enzyme
      secretion in response to intestinal stimulants such as fat or amino acids. These
      effects are usually attributed to interference with hypothetical vagal
      cholinergic mechanisms that facilitate release of cholecystokinin. To determine
      whether atropine or vagotomy interferes with release of humoral stimulants of
      pancreatic enzyme secretion, we studied their effect on protein secretion from an
      autotransplanted portion of pancreas in response to intestinal stimulants in
      dogs. The transplanted pancreas was as sensitive as the intact pancreas to
      stimulation by exogenous caerulein, a cholecystokinin-like peptide, and this
      response was not altered by atropine or vagotomy. Therefore, if vagotomy or
      atropine interferes with release of humoral pancreatic stimulants, they would be
      expected to reduce the response of the transplanted pancreas just as they do of
      the intact pancreas. Truncal vagotomy caused no significant change in protein
      secretion from the transplant in response to intestinal perfusion with sodium
      oleate or tryptophan. Atropine was tested only against sodium oleate and caused
      no change in response. We conclude that release of humoral pancreatic excitants
      of protein secretion in response to intestinal stimulants is not significantly
      changed by atropine or vagotomy.

PMID- 369391
TI  - Early insulin and glucagon response to subsequent pulses of arginine, glucose,
      and tolbutamide in normal man.
AB  - To determine the dynamics of insulin and of glucagon secretion in response to
      several sequential stimuli administered shortly after an arginine pulse (5 g), 20
      nonobese, apparently healthy volunteers were given arginine (5 g), glucose (5 g),
      and tolbutamide (1 g) by rapid intravenous injection. The early insulin and
      glucagon area 0-8 min was studied. At the intervals and with the dosages used in
      this study, different stimuli with and without prestimulation with arginine did
      not lead to changes in early secretion of insulin. There was no exhaustion of the
      pool of insulin released after multiple sequential pulses. These results suggest
      a pattern in which stimulation induces a rapid release of insulin and activates
      the interchange between the stored and labile insulin pool; the 8-min interval is
      sufficient for the rapid return of the two compartments to a state of
      equilibrium. Also for glucagon, subsequent different stimuli did not exhaust
      glucagon release; nevertheless, glucagon is immediately suppressed by a
      submaximal glucose pulse.

PMID- 369392
TI  - Calcium dependency of glucagon release: its modulation by nutritional factors.
AB  - The calcium dependency of glucagon release by the perfused rat pancreas was
      investigated in the presence of different nutrients: glucose, arginine, and a
      mixture of "fumarate + glutamate + pyruvate" (FGP, 5 mM of each salt). At a 3.3
      mM glucose concentration, FGP-induced glucagon release was inhibited by the
      removal of calcium or addition of verapamil. At a higher glucose concentration
      (16.6 mM), the glucagonotropic action of FGP was again inhibited by verapamil,
      but the removal of extracellular calcium enhanced transiently glucagon release.
      Comparable results were obtained when arginine (10 mM) instead of FGP was used to
      stimulate the alpha cell. These findings suggest that the glucagonotropic effect
      of FGP or arginine depends on the availability and inward transport of calcium,
      whereas extracellular calcium per se may be required for glucose to be sensed by
      the alpha cell as an inhibitor of glucagon secretion. Thus, the nutritional
      environment offered to the alpha cell may condition the expression of the
      different mechanisms involved in the control of glucagon release by calcium.

PMID- 369393
TI  - Effective luminal hypotonicity: the driving force for isotonic proximal tubular
      fluid absorption.
AB  - This Editorial Review summarizes certain considerations relevant to the
      mechanism(s) of isotonic fluid absorption by the mammalian proximal nephron.
      Recent evidence indicates that the paracellular pathway in this epithelium has a
      low diffusion resistance. Therefore it is possible that lateral intercellular
      spaces are in diffusion equilibrium with the peritubular medium. For such a
      circumstance, the driving forces for isotonic fluid absorption may reside in
      external solutions. But since the hydraulic conductance of mammalian proximal
      tubules is remarkably high, the effective osmotic pressure gradient between
      luminal and pertibular solutions required to drive isotonic fluid transport is
      relatively small. In the mammalian proximal nephron, effective luminal
      hypotonicity may provide the driving force for isotonic fluid transport. At least
      two mechanisms could account for the development of effective luminal
      hypotonicity. First, preferential absorption of bicarbonate results in a rise of
      luminal Cl- concentration. And because proximal tubules are more permeable to Cl-
      than to HCO3-, there develops a driving force for isotonic fluid transport.
      Second, trivial degrees of luminal hypotonicity may develop attendant on active
      Na+ absorption. We provide evidence that, of these two mechanisms, axial anion
      asymmetry is the dominant force for isotonic fluid transport.

PMID- 369394
TI  - Actively circulating blood volume in endotoxin shock measured by indicator
      dilution.
AB  - To estimate the size of the actively circulating blood volume of splenectomized
      dogs during control conditions and after endotoxin infusion, the pattern of
      concentration changes of 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes and 125I-labeled albumin was
      monitored. A dual exponential equation was fitted to the data. The total red
      blood cell and albumin volumes of distribution were determined from the slow
      exponential disappearance curves. The active red blood cell and albumin volumes
      were 89.8 +/- 5.3% and 92.0 +/- 2.0% of the total volumes, respectively. After
      endotoxin shock (mean arterial blood pressure 49.1 +/- 17.8 mmHg) the active
      volumes fell to only 60.0 +/- 10.3% and 56.2 +/- 20.0% of the total volumes,
      respectively. The fast-mixing time constants were similar (3.1 +/- 1.4 min and
      2.5 +/- 2.7 min, respectively) and did not change significantly during the
      endotoxin shock, indicating that the albumin tag mixed into its larger volume of
      distribution as rapidly as the cells mixed into their indicated volume. We
      conclude that 1) an active blood volume can be distinguished, 2) it decreases for
      both red blood cells and albumin in endotoxin shock, and 3) a major part of the
      "extravascular plasma volume," as estimated by albumin dilution, is in the
      actively circulating circulation.

PMID- 369395
TI  - Overview: efficacy and safety of the rapid neuroleptization method with
      injectable haloperidol.
AB  - The authors review the literature on the rapid neuroleptization (titration)
      method with I.M. haloperidol. Most of the approximately 650 predominantly
      schizophrenic and manic patients represented in the studies calmed down rapidly
      on medication, and some demonstrated an early reduction in core psychotic
      symptoms. The initial doses varied widely, ranging from 1 to 30 mg, with a
      maximum total daily dosage of 100 mg. The medication seemed to have been well
      tolerated in all cases, with no reported major complications. The authors
      conclude that the method shows definite merit with agitated and belligerent
      patients. However, they make a number of specific recommendations for further
      research to clearly establish the effectiveness and safety of this method of
      neuroleptic administration.

PMID- 369396
TI  - Antipsychotic effects of lithium in schizophrenia.
AB  - The lithium carbonate therapy of 13 psychotic schizophrenic patients was
      evaluated in a placebo-controlled three-week study that was double-blind. Seven
      of the 13 patients were less psychotic while receiving lithium; 4 of these 7
      patients relapsed after lithium withdrawal. Patients who improved during the
      third week on lithium could be differentiated from nonresponders on the basis of
      their improvement during the first week. Clinical factors such as diagnosis,
      prognosis, and symptoms failed to predict responders from nonresponders. To the
      authors' knowledge, this is the first controlled study to yield positive results
      with schizophrenic patients treated with lithium alone.

PMID- 369397
TI  - Gonadotropin response to synthetic gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH)
      in heroin addicts.
AB  - To determine whether the pituitary-gonadal deficiency in heroin addicts is
      related to heroin's effect on the hypothalamus, the authors administered
      gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone (GnRH) to 10 male heroin addicts and 5
      controls and measured follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone
      (LH) response. Basal FSH and LH levels were significantly lower in addicts; after
      GnRH stimulation the addicts' FSH and LH values increased but not significantly
      compared to controls. The difference between the two groups' response was highly
      significant. The authors suggest that heroin causes an incomplete blocking of
      gonadotropin secretion at the pituitary level, inducing a hypophyseal-gonadal
      deficiency and a long-lasting depletion of the endogenous releasing factor, which
      accounts for the reduced response to GnRH.

PMID- 369398
TI  - A theoretical reconciliation of competing views of time perception.
AB  - The time-perception literature is oriented around two opposing traditions, one of
      which, set forth by Ornstein in 1970, views time estimation as linearly and
      positively related to stimulus complexity, while the other, as published by
      Priestly in 1968, sees time as essentially linearly but negatively associated
      with the experiential complexity with which given intervals are filled. However,
      careful reading of the literature suggests that, contrary to the Ornstein and
      Priestly models, a linear correlation between stimulus complexity and time
      perception should not be expected to fully describe the range of possible
      relationships. What researchers appear to have ignored is the interrelated impact
      on time perception of the widely reported inverted-U effects of stimulus
      complexity and the conceptually related dimension of extroversion. With these
      latter considerations, comparative time perception thus becomes not a linear but
      rather a curvilinear, U-shaped function of both personality and stimulus
      complexity dimensions. The conceptual reconciliation growing out of the present
      literature review thus offers an explanation for previously reported empirical
      inconsistencies and suggests the redirection of future comparative time
      perception research.

PMID- 369399
TI  - Absorbable iris suture. An experimental evaluation of polyglycolic acid suture.
AB  - Suturing of traumatic or surgical iris wounds has proved to be a safe and
      feasible microsurgical procedure. Various suture materials have been tried
      experimentally and clinically. If the human iris forms scar tissue the ideal
      suture would be an absorbable, inert, proteinfree material causing no uveal
      reaction. It was the purpose of this study to evaluate the ocular tissue reaction
      to nylon, virgin-silk and polyglycolic acid (Dexon) after suturing of an
      experimental iridomy in 24 rabbit eyes. The tissue response was studied by
      biomicroscopy, iris fluorescein colour angiography, and histology. Nylon did not
      disintegrate and caused virtually no inflammatory reaction. Silk showed
      fragmentation and complete absorption after four to six months with moderate
      tissue response. Polyglycolic acid gave rise to a marked uveal reaction and
      depolymerised from the fifth to the sixth week. There was no wound dehiscence of
      the iris scar and the pupillary function remained intact. It is concluded that
      the non-absorbable materials are superior to the currently available absorbable
      sutures in iris surgery.

PMID- 369400
TI  - Intraocular reticulum cell sarcoma: a case report and literature review.
AB  - A 66-year-old white woman with a confusing spectrum of central nervous system
      signs and symptoms had a diagnostic enucleation of her blind left eye showing
      retinal infiltration. Histopathologic examination showed reticulum cell sarcoma
      involving the retina. The patient died one month later and autopsy revealed
      diffuse central nervous system reticulum cell sarcoma along with right eye and
      systemic involvement. A review of the literature indicates intraocular reticulum
      cell sarcoma to be an apparently uncommon occurrence, although ocular examination
      may be frequently overlooked.

PMID- 369401
TI  - Bilateral recurrence of granular corneal dystrophy in the grafts. A clinico
      pathologic study.
AB  - Clinical, light- and electron-microscopic findings in two sisters with bilateral
      recurrence of granular corneal dystrophy in the grafts are presented. The
      clinical pictures and microscopic findings strongly suggest that granular
      dystrophy may primarily be an epithelial not a stromal disease.

PMID- 369402
TI  - [Injuries of the cervical spine and their repercussion in the E.N.T].

PMID- 369403
TI  - Fluorescence immunoassays.

PMID- 369404
TI  - [The anatomical and histological investigation of the pancreas in the 19th
      century and till the discovery of insulin (1921). 4. The pancreas-research after
      the discovery of pancreas-diabetes (1889) till the discovery of insulin].
AB  - In this study is the history of the pancreas-research between 1889 and 1921
      described. In this period are any important discoverys detected: The islets have
      2 cell types (TSCHASSOW-NIKOW 1900, 1906); the connection between diabetes
      mellitus and islet-alterations (OPIE 1900); the independence of islets on
      exocrine parenchyma (SCHULZE 1900); the discovery of internal secretion (BAYLISS,
      STARLING 1902) and the regeneration of islets in mammals and the man (KYRLE 1908;
      WEICHSELBAUM 1908 in independent publications.

PMID- 369405
TI  - [Investigations on the aging processes of the humerus by means of
      histomorphometry, regression and factor analysis (author's transl)].
AB  - Histomorphometric measurements were made on bone sections prepared from osseous
      material removed from the diaphysial center of 70 macerated humeri obtained from
      persons in their third to ninth decades of life. The diameters of osteons and
      Haversian canals, the densities of Haversian and Volkmann's canals and
      osteocytes, and the proportions by volume of special and interstitial lamellae
      were determined. The parameters were checked for age dependence and subjected,
      together with previously determined macroscopic dimensions of the same left
      humeri, to regression analyses. Influencing variables entering into the most
      suitable formula for age determination include the cross-sectional area of the
      medullary space in the diaphysial center as well as the smallest diameters of
      osteons and Haversian canals. Factor analysis of the complex structure of
      characteristics yielded 4 factors, namely, the age factor, size factor,
      structural factor, and nutritional factor. Also discussed are the processes of
      internal transformation of adult bones.

PMID- 369406
TI  - Effect of dexamethasone and testosterone propionate on LH response to
      gonadoliberin (LRH) in young post-pubertal bulls.
AB  - LH and testosterone responses to gonadoliberin (LRH) were studied after previous
      dexamethasone and testosterone propionate combined treatment (treated group)
      compared with a single dexamethasone previous treatment (control group) in 12
      Montbeliarde bulls aged 15 months. This experiment was performed on two
      occaisions 6 months apart according to the same schedule. They included each time
      6 bulls, treated with intramuscular injections of 400 mg testosterone propionate
      and 6 hours later 0.25 mg gonadoliberin together with the other 3 bulls.
      Testosterone propionate did not influence the mean LH response to gonadoliberin
      although mean testosterone levels before gonadoliberin injection was very low in
      the controls. These data suggest that (1) the previously reported depressing
      effect of dexamethasone on LH is not mediated by the low peripheral testosterone
      level and (2) under the conditions of this study, there is no short term effect
      of testosterone at the pituitary level.

PMID- 369407
TI  - Finishing of enamel surfaces after debonding of orthodontic attachments.
AB  - The finishing of enamel surfaces after removal of directly bonded attachments is
      essential. The following procedures are suggested: 1. The bonding of mesh-backed
      stainless steel brackets with a lightly filled resin system. 2. Debonding of
      attachments with a direct bonding bracket remover. 3. Removal of the bulk of the
      remaining resin with a 12-bladed tungsten carbide bur operated at high speed with
      adequate air cooling. 4. Finishing of the residual resin and underlying enamel
      with graded polishing discs or Ceramiste wheels used with light pressure and
      adequate air cooling. 5. Final finishing with a rubber cup and a water slurry of
      pumice.

PMID- 369408
TI  - Comparison of serum theophylline concentrations measured by high pressure liquid
      chromatography and quantitative enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique.
AB  - Safe, effective theophylline therapy depends on the rapid determination of serum
      theophylline concentrations. Two rapid methods that require less than 0.1 ml of
      serum are high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and quantitative enzyme
      multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT). A comparison of these two methods was
      carried out using 117 serum samples routinely collected from asthmatic patients
      in Charity Hospital of Louisiana at New Orleans. After determination by the EMIT
      method, specimens were analyzed by HPLC in a different laboratory. Mean serum
      theophylline concentrations in 100 specimens containing more than trace
      concentrations were 14.5 mcg/ml by the EMIT method, compared with 12.1 mcg/ml by
      HPLC. The paired t test showed this to be a highly significant difference (p less
      than 0.0005). Whichever method of determination of theophylline concentration is
      used, frequent validation of results by comparison with those of other
      laboratories seems indicated.

PMID- 369409
TI  - Diffference between mouth and esophageal occlusion pressure during CO2
      rebreathing in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
AB  - During CO2 rebreathing, we measured the pressures generated at the mouth and in
      the esophagus during the first 0.1 sec of inspiratory effort against a closed
      airway in 6 normal subjects and 6 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.
      Normal subjects showed similar reponses to CO2 in terms of both mouth pressure
      and esophageal pressure. Patients' responses at the mouth to CO2 were decreased
      compared to those of normal subjects, but the responses in the esophagus were not
      significantly different. The patients demonstrated a greater response of
      occlusion pressure measured in the esophagus than at the mouth. In patients with
      altered mechanical properties of the lung, the change in mouth occlusion pressure
      might be influenced by problems of equalization of pressure within the airways
      due to unequal time constants, by problems of regional differences in pressure
      gradients over the pleural surface, or both. Esophageal pressure during airway
      occlusion 100 msec after the onset of inspiration may be better measure of
      respiratory drive than mouth pressure in patients with intrinsic increase of
      airway resistance.

PMID- 369410
TI  - Uptake and degradation of Pneumocystis carinii by macrophages in vitro.
AB  - Pneumocystis carinii organisms, isolated from lungs of rats with glucocorticoid
      induced pneumocystosis, were ingested and degraded in vitro by alveolar and
      peritoneal macrophages obtained from healthy rats and mice. Uptake of the
      organisms was inhibited at 4 degrees C and by treatment of macrophages with
      iodoacetate. Neither uptake nor degradation was inhibited by pretreatment of
      macrophages with hydrocortisone sodium phosphate in vitro. Although peritoneal
      macrophages of any age in vitro were capable of ingesting Pneumocystis, alveolar
      macrophages that had been cultivated in vitro for less than 2 days were incapable
      of phagocytosis of the organism, a functional defect that corrected itself
      spontaneously during cultivation in vitro.

PMID- 369412
TI  - Fleece of the month??

PMID- 369411
TI  - Biochemical and metabolic changes in the lung with oxygen, ozone, and nitrogen
      dioxide toxicity.

PMID- 369413
TI  - Pulmonary vascular effects of endotoxin in leukopenic dogs.
AB  - We have demonstrated previously that in the dog, small doses of endotoxin abolish
      the pulmonary vasoconstrictor reponse to hypoxia, apparently by stimulating the
      production of a vasodilator prostaglandin. We previously ruled out platelets as
      mediators of this endotoxin effect. To evaluate leukocytes as possible mediators,
      we rendered dogs leukopenic by means of a leukocyte antiserum. However, this did
      not modify the inhibitory effect of endotoxin on hypoxic pulmonary
      vasoconstriction. Hence, neither leukocytes nor platelets appear to mediate the
      endotoxin effect. In the near absence of both platelets and leukocytes, the
      endotoxin effect can be prevented by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis with
      meclofenamate. This suggests that endotoxin prevents hypoxic pulmonary
      vasoconstriction by acting on the systemic circulation or on the lung (possibly
      directly on the pulmonary blood vessels) to stimulate the production of a
      vasodilator prostaglandin.

PMID- 369414
TI  - Asbestos and cancer: the international lag.

PMID- 369415
TI  - Nontuberculous mycobacteria and associated diseases.

PMID- 369416
TI  - Isolation of Eikenella corrodens from pulmonary infections.
AB  - Eikenella corrodens is a capnophilic gram-negative rod that is part of the normal
      human oral flora. We report the isolation of E. corrodens by transtracheal
      aspiration or percutaneous aspiration from 7 patients with pneumonia and/or lung
      abscess. Four of the 7 patients had an associated carcinoma of the lung. The
      susceptibilities of strains were tested to penicillin, dicloxacillin,
      clindamycin, and 10 cephalosporins. All strains were very susceptible to
      penicillin and cefoxitin and resistant to dicloxacillin and clindamycin.
      Susceptibilities of strains to the cephalosporins were variable. E. corrodens has
      been increasingly identified as a pathogen and should be recognized as an
      etiologic agent of pneumonia, especially in cases not responding to therapy with
      a penicillinase-resistant penicillin, clindamycin, or cephalosporin.

PMID- 369417
TI  - Morphometric analyses of tracheal gland secretion and hypertrophy in male and
      female rats after experimental exposure to tobacco smoke.
AB  - Quantitative morphologic analyses were performed by stereologic methods on the
      tracheal glands of male and female rats after exposure to tobacco smoke for 30
      consecutive days. The female rats were evaluated at 2 stages of their estrous
      cycle. The upper segment of trachea from each animal was embedded in glycol
      methacrylate, sectioned, and stained with a combined Alcian blue and periodic
      acid-Schiff stain for glycoproteins. Exposure to tobacco smoke caused an increase
      in the relative proportion of gland cells in each sex when expressed in reference
      to the total tissue within the cartilage ring, and an increase in mucins in the
      gland by 50% in both sexes. Although the relative proportions of gland cells and
      lumina were equivalent between the sexes, male rats had a larger quantity of
      mucin. The volume proportion in the glands of Alcian blue-positive mucin was 80
      to 84% greater in males, and periodic acid-Schiff-positive mucin was 18 to 19 per
      cent greater in males than in females, both in control animals and those exposed
      to tobacco smoke. This study demonstrated that sexual differences were present in
      the mucin composition of the tracheal glands of normal male and female rats, that
      the female glycoproteins varied during the estrous cycle, and that these
      differences were retained after exposure to tobacco smoke.

PMID- 369418
TI  - [In memoriam of Julio Monereo].

PMID- 369419
TI  - Rapid diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease by direct immunofluorescent staining.
AB  - A blind reading of direct immunofluorescent staining of sputum smears was
      positive in five of 21 patients with Legionnaires' disease and none of 47 control
      patients. Positive slides showed from eight organisms per smear (one slide) to 20
      to 100 organisms per oil-immersion (magnification, 100) field (three slides). Two
      of the positive specimens were obtained through an endotracheal tube, one at
      bronchoscopy, and the other positive slides were from expectorated specimens. In
      addition, two open-lung biopsies and a bronchial lavage sediment from three
      confirmed cases of Legionnaires' disease were positive by direct
      immunofluorescent staining for Legionnaires' disease bacterium.

PMID- 369421
TI  - Nodular Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: the case for watchful waiting.

PMID- 369420
TI  - No initial therapy for stage III and IV non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of favorable
      histologic types.
AB  - The question of whether initial treatment is necessary in relatively asymptomatic
      patients with stage III and IV non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of favorable histologic
      types was studied by retrospective analysis. Two groups of patients were studied:
      [1] 44 nonprotocol patients, followed since 1963, in whom initial treatment was
      withheld until required to evaluate the pace of disease and the necessity of
      treatment; and [2] 112 previously untreated patients who have participated in
      prospectively randomized clinical trials since 1971. For all 44 "deferred"
      patients, the median time before requiring treatment was 31 months, and there
      have been 19 patients who have not yet required therapy for periods of 3 to 104
      months. The median actuarial survival for all 44 patients was 121 months. At 4
      years, the actuarial survival of the 44 patients with deferred treatment is
      77.3%, compared with 83.2% for the 112 protocol patients (P = 0.60). Careful
      observation without initiation of therapy is an appropriate option in the
      management of patients with relatively asymptomatic advanced non-Hodgkin's
      lymphomas of favorable histologic types.

PMID- 369423
TI  - Allergy and immunology: an annotated bibliography of recent literature.

PMID- 369422
TI  - Assay for antibodies to double-stranded DNA.

PMID- 369424
TI  - Probable transmission of Toxoplasma gondii by organ transplantation.
AB  - Two heart transplant recipients developed toxoplasmosis shortly after surgery. As
      neither recipient had serologic evidence of exposure to Toxoplasma gondii before
      transplantation, infection was acquired from an exogenous source. Of the possible
      modes of transmission of Toxoplasma to the recipients, infection by the oral
      route or through transfusion of blood or blood products seems remote. Since both
      heart donors had serologic evidence of recently acquired toxoplasma infection at
      the time of transplantation and the myocardium is known to be infected with the
      organism during acute infection, we considered these facts to be a strong
      implication that the donors' hearts were the most likely source of toxoplasma
      infection in the recipients.

PMID- 369425
TI  - [Primary hyperaldosteronism due to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia of the adrenals.
      Study based upon one case and a review of the literature (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report the case of a 41-year-old man suffering from primary
      hyperaldosteronism due to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, predominantly on the
      left. This condition is somewhat less common than Conn's adenoma and differs
      distinctly on the basis of a very poor response to surgical treatment. It can
      generally be diagnosed by non-invasive techniques, the most reliable of which are
      the postural test and adrenal isotope scan under inhibition with dexamethasone.
      These methods are nevertheless not always valuable in the presence of certain
      forms of hyperplasia which are less distinct from an anatomical standpoint, and
      must then be complemented by adrenal phlebography and estimation of aldosterone
      in adrenal venous blood or, if this proves impossible, in the inferior vena cava
      and renal veins.

PMID- 369426
TI  - [Cirrhogenic hepatitis due to perhexiline maleate: general review based upon one
      new case with ultrastructural study (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors describe a case of cirrhogenic hepatitis due to Pexid which was given
      for 8 months at 400 mg/day for a severe angina pectoris. We find here the anatomo
      clinical profile of perhexiline maleate hepatiits already described in
      approximately 20 cases. There was a cirrhogenic evolution in our case as in 5
      others : but here cirrhosis was revealing and seems stabilized since the
      treatment was stopped. The cirrhogenic evolution could be due to a cumulative
      effect of the drug and/or to an immuno-allergic mechanism as in alcoholic
      cirrhosis which is very similar, especially from an anatomical point of view.
      However cirrhogenic hepatitis differs by a characteristic lysosomal overload :
      brown pigment under microscopic observation and lipolysosomes with in some cases
      a lamellar structure under electron microscopic observation. The prescription of
      such a drug should be limited to cases of refractory angina pectoris and needed a
      regular clinical and biological survey.

PMID- 369427
TI  - [Cowden's disease (multiple hamartoma syndrome). Review of the literature in
      connection with 1 case].

PMID- 369428
TI  - [Drawing of the inside of the body].

PMID- 369429
TI  - [Carpipramine (Prazinil) in ambulatory psychiatry. Trials and clinical
      prospects].

PMID- 369430
TI  - Patterns of heroin use.

PMID- 369431
TI  - Medical complications in methadone patients.

PMID- 369433
TI  - Evaluation of treatment effectiveness: Veterans Administration experience.

PMID- 369432
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of narcotic antagonists.
AB  - Both naloxone and naltrexone are effective narcotic antagonists with minimal
      agonistic effects and a wide margin of safety. Naloxone is useful in the
      treatment of narcotic overdose and it is helpful in the quantification of
      physical dependence. Naltrexone is pharmacologically successful as an orally
      effective, long-acting antagonist but its clinical usefulness in the prevention
      of relapse is still being determined.

PMID- 369434
TI  - Basic mechanisms underlying physical dependence upon alcohol.

PMID- 369435
TI  - Alcoholism and polydrug abuse in persons on methadone maintenance.

PMID- 369436
TI  - Prognosis for the evolution of ophthalmology: Part 1.

PMID- 369437
TI  - [In vivo formation of myelin-like forms in mouse erythrocytes infested by
      Plasmodium berghei (author's transl)].

PMID- 369438
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics, metabolism and mechanism of action of a new anti-obesity drug
      (11698 J.L.) (author's transl)].

PMID- 369440
TI  - Management of ulcers of the leg by muscle transposition.
AB  - Chronic stasis ulcers of the lower extremity can prove difficult to treat. In the
      event that conservative treatment fails, one approach is to excise the ulcer,
      ligate the incompetent perforating veins, and close the defect by muscle
      transposition, followed by application of skin grafts to the transposed muscles.

PMID- 369439
TI  - Advantages of interpositional long venous grafts in microvascular surgery.
AB  - Our clinical experience favors the use of long autologous venous micrografts any
      time excessive tension is noted along the anastomotic line or in case of a short
      pedicle in a free flap. The technical problems of harvesting and interposition of
      these long micrografts are presented.

PMID- 369441
TI  - Colloquium: muscle transposition for leg ulcers.

PMID- 369442
TI  - John Davies Reese and the Reese dermatome.
AB  - John Davies Reese was a unique "loner" whose expertise lay in the field of
      bioengineering. This led to his development of the calibrated dermatome that
      bears his name. A bachelor, Reese devoted all his spare time to perfecting
      dermatape, glue, and the instrument itself.

PMID- 369443
TI  - A new polymer-iodine combination (iodoplex) for treatment of donor sites: a
      preliminary controlled study.
AB  - A recently introduced polymer preparation (Iodoplex) is described. It is based on
      a new type of hydrophilic polymeric carrier into which iodine can be incorporated
      to the extent of 50% or more. Its main feature is that the polymer and the
      petroleum jelly base are water-insoluble. The iodine is slowly released from the
      polymer by body fluids, which are rich in protein and dead cells. Iodine has been
      found to be useful in the treatment of donor sites; no pain or discomfort attends
      its use, and the dressing peels off easily from the healed epithelium. A
      controlled study comparing iodoplex-impregnated and scarlet red-impregnated gauze
      on donor sites was carried out, and the use of Iodoplex was found to have some
      real advantages over scarlet red.

PMID- 369444
TI  - Watson-Jones lecture, 1978. Some landmarks in the surgery of the rheumatic
      diseases.

PMID- 369445
TI  - Blast injury with particular reference to recent terrorist bombing incidents.
AB  - The aetiology of primary blast lung is discussed with reference to the
      biodynamics of blast injury, and the clinical and pathological features of the
      condition are described. An analysis of casualties from bomb blast incidents
      occurring in Northern Ireland leads to the following conclusions concerning the
      injuries found in persons exposed to explosions: (1) there is a predominance of
      head and neck trauma, including fractures, lacerations, burns, and eye and ear
      injuries; (2) fractures and traumatic amputations are common and often multiple;
      (3) penetrating trunk wounds carry a grave prognosis; and (4) primary blast lung
      is rare. A comparison of four bombing incidents in England in 1973 and 1974 shows
      how the type and severity of injury are related to the place in which the
      explosion occurs. The administrative and clinical aspects of the management of
      casualties resulting from terrorist bombing activities are discussed.

PMID- 369446
TI  - David Bayford. His syndrome and sign of dysphagia lusoria.
AB  - David Bayford (1739--90) was an unobtrusive medical worthy of the age of William
      and John Hunter, with each of whom there are documented links. From 1761, when he
      obtained the Membership of the Company of Surgeons, to 1782 he practised as a
      surgeon in London, though he was defeated by John Hunter in his bid for election
      to the staff of St George's Hospital in 1768. In 1782 he proceeded to the MD,
      granted by the Archbishop of Canterbury, when he removed to Lewes in East Sussex,
      where he practised as a physician. He later became disfranchised by the Company
      of Surgeons in order to obtain the Licentiate of the College of Physicians. In
      1761, while still an apprentice surgeon, he made his discovery of the unique and
      bizarre cause--compression of the oesophagus by an aberrant right subclavian
      artery--of a fatal case of 'obstructed deglutition' for which he coined the term
      'dysphagia lusoria' and for which he is eponymously remembered. This discovery
      remained unrecorded until 1787, when a paper describing the case was read on his
      behalf before the Medical Society of London.

PMID- 369447
TI  - The surgical apprentice, 1829.

PMID- 369448
TI  - The Hunterian Professors and Arris and Gale Lecturers.

PMID- 369449
TI  - Bupivacaine in spinal anaesthesia.
AB  - A study of 400 consecutive cases of bupivacaine spinal anaesthesia is presented.
      The anaesthesia was for surgery on the lower abdomen or on the lower limbs. The
      patients' ages ranged from 19--91 years with the majority (60%) being over 60
      years old. The patients were graded according to the A.S.A. (American Society of
      Anaesthesiologists physical status grade and 43% of the patients were graded as
      III or more. The duration of surgery lasted up to 3 hours yet analgesia always
      outlasted the surgery. The quality of analgesia achieved was assessed and in 94%
      of patients this was either good or perfect. No serious complications was
      observed but a common sequela was hypotension which was easily controlled by
      etilefrine (Effortil). There were a few cases of post-spinal headache but this
      was never severe or long lasting.

PMID- 369450
TI  - Mitochondrial, nuclear and smooth-muscle antibodies in intrahepatic cholestasis
      of pregnancy.
AB  - Serum mitochondrial, nuclear and smooth-muscle antibodies were assayed by the
      immunofluorescence method in a series of 42 patients with intrahepatic
      cholestasis of pregnancy and a control series of 15 normal pregnant subjects.
      None of the subjects examined had mitochondrial antibodies, and nuclear
      antibodies were only found in one patient with intrahepatic cholestasis of
      pregnancy. Smooth-muscle antibodies were noted altogether in four patients with
      intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, in three at a titre of 1 : 40 and in one
      at 1 : 80; in two controls at titres of 1 : 20, and in two at 1 : 40. In the
      differential diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy the smooth-muscle
      antibodies particularly may be helpful in differentiating viral hepatitis and
      intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

PMID- 369451
TI  - Research in reproductive hormones.

PMID- 369452
TI  - In memoriam Jacques Gomila. 1928-1978.

PMID- 369453
TI  - A. M. Rabiner at Montefiore Hospital.

PMID- 369454
TI  - New rapid bioassay of gentamicin based on luciferase assay of extracellular ATP
      in bacterial cultures.
AB  - Bacterial ATP levels in Escherichia coli cultures were determined by
      luciferin/luciferase assay. Rapid effects of gentamicin on ATP levels in the
      cultures were studied, and a dose-dependent accumulation of extracellular ATP was
      demonstrated. This phenomenon was used to develop a rapid bioassay of gentamicin
      in clinical serum specimens. The accuracy of the assay, expressed as coefficient
      of variation over the range 16 to 1 mug/ml, varied between 1.8 and 6.5%, compared
      to 2.3 to 4.7% for an agar disk diffusion assay. Serum gentamicin concentrations
      were determined by both methods in 122 serum specimens from 43 patients receiving
      gentamicin alone or in combination with other antibiotics, and the results were
      compared (r = 0.942). Determination of gentamicin based on luciferase assay of
      extracellular ATP in bacterial cultures requires only 10 mul of serum, allowing
      for capillary sampling, and results are available within 2 h.

PMID- 369455
TI  - Assay of gentamicin and tobramycin in sera of patients by gas-liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - Therapeutic levels of gentamicin and tobramycin in the sera of patients were
      measured by gas-liquid chromatography. Concentration-response curves for both
      drugs were linear over an expected therapeutic range of 1.3 to 12.5 mug/ml
      (coefficient of determination was >0.97). Coefficients of variation for
      chromatographic response to gentamicin varied from 6.3 to 9.6%, and to tobramycin
      from 3.8 to 13.5%. Paired gas-liquid chromatography and microbiological assays
      for patient serum aminoglycoside levels were performed on 106 gentamicin and 40
      tobramycin sera. At levels <2.0 mug/ml, the average difference of estimates
      between the two assay techniques for gentamicin and tobramycin were,
      respectively, 38 and 29%. At drug concentrations >2.0 mug/ml, the mean difference
      between paired estimates was near 20% for both aminoglycosides. The speed,
      precision, and accuracy of the gas-liquid chromatography assay indicate that it
      can be a useful alternative to the microbiological procedure for the
      determination of gentamicin and tobramycin levels in human serum.

PMID- 369456
TI  - Amikacin assay in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography.
AB  - A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantitative
      determination of amikacin in serum is described. The antibiotic was separated
      from serum by adsorption on silica gel. The adsorbed drug was then derivatized
      with o-phthalaldehyde and eluted with ethanol. The derivatized amikacin was
      separated by reverse-phase, high-performance liquid chromatography and
      quantitated by fluorometry. A linear response for serum samples containing
      amikacin ranging from 1.0 to 15 mug/ml was obtained. Other antibiotics including
      various aminoglycosides did not interfere with the amikacin assay. Comparison
      with a standard microbiological assay gave a correlation coefficient of 0.99.
      This chemical assay is sensitive and specific under the conditions tested and can
      be performed rapidly.

PMID- 369457
TI  - Music in the operating room.

PMID- 369458
TI  - Occurrence in yeast of L-galactonolactone oxidase which is similar to a key
      enzyme for ascorbic acid biosynthesis in animals, L-gulonolactone oxidase.

PMID- 369459
TI  - Monomeric structure of glutamyl-tRNA synthetase in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 369461
TI  - Catalytic activity with associated and dissociated forms of the yeast
      hexokinases.

PMID- 369460
TI  - The effect of altered lipid composition on the transport of various amino acids
      in Candida albicans.

PMID- 369462
TI  - Purine nucleoside diphosphate regulation of yeast hexokinases.

PMID- 369463
TI  - Familial neurodegenerative disorder associated with raised urinary VMA.

PMID- 369464
TI  - [Identification of the Streptococcus group: a capillary test after enzymatic
      extraction and a rapid coagglutination method].

PMID- 369465
TI  - [Enterophages as indicators of pollution (author's transl)].

PMID- 369466
TI  - Origin of maltase and variations in infertile men.
AB  - A specific assay based on the spectrophotometric determination of the release of
      p-nitrophenol from p-nitrophenol-alpha-D-glucopyranoside by maltase has been used
      to measure the activity of the enzyme in seminal plasma and in homogenates of
      accessory reproductive organs. Specific activity of seminal plasma maltase was
      467 muU/mg of proteins in 68 fertile men, decreased significantly in varicocele
      (296 muU/mg), in azoospermia (246 muU/mg) and in vasectomized patients (62
      muU/mg). Application of ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 columns
      led to the demonstration that maltase activity of seminal plasma and of cytosols
      from normal reproductive organs was recovered in three different fractions.
      Maltase activity is thus frequently decreased in infertility.

PMID- 369467
TI  - Reactivity of F(ab)2 fragments of sperm antibodies in agglutination,
      immobilization and immunofluorescence tests.
AB  - The reactivity of F(ab)2 fragments of sperm antibodies was studied in
      agglutination, immobilization and immunofluorescence tests. Pepsin digestion of
      full serum was an easy and effective procedure for preparing F(ab)2 fragments.
      Compared to the reactions with serum, F(ab)2 preparations revealed only a
      moderate decrease in agglutination titres but a complete loss of immobilizing
      activity. In immunofluorescence tests, nonspecific background staining was
      strongly reduced by using F(ab)2 fragments, thereby offering a more reliable
      basis for the reading of reactions. Even though the titres obtained with serum
      and F(ab)2 preparations did not differ essentially, it is suggested that the use
      of F(ab)2 fragments in IF-tests on spermatozoa may help to provide a higher
      degree of reproducibility.

PMID- 369468
TI  - [Clinical indications and results of thoracotomy biopsy of the lung].

PMID- 369469
TI  - On myths and countermyths: more on Szaszian fallacies.
AB  - There has never been a single set of criteria for the ascription of disease. The
      pathoanatomic view ascribed to Virchow and propounded by Thomas Szasz has
      coexisted with the patient-centered or phenomenologic view for millenia.
      Schizophrenia, as well as such entities as idiopathic epilepsy and migraine, may
      be considered a disease because it entails suffering and incapacity, albeit in
      the absence of any obvious lesion. The Szaszian view of disease neither
      appreciates the nuances of Virchow's own position nor acknowledges the fluidity
      of current medical nosology.

PMID- 369470
TI  - The effects of methylphenidate on the mother-child interactions of hyperactive
      children.
AB  - Twenty hyperactive boys were observed while interacting with their mothers during
      a free play and task period on each of three occasions (no drug, drug, placebo).
      A triple-blind, drug-placebo crossover design was used to study the effects of
      methylphenidate on these interactions. A complex objective coding system was used
      to score the children's responses to various maternal behaviors as well as the
      mother's responses to a variety of children's behaviors. Results indicated that
      these children were more compliant with maternal commands during drug treatment.
      In response, mothers displayed increased attention to compliance while reducing
      their directiveness toward the boys. However, the hyperactive boys receiving
      methylphenidate initiated fewer social interactions and tended to show greater
      nonresponding. Thus, methylphenidate may improve the compliance of hyperactive
      children but tends to decrease their sociability.

PMID- 369471
TI  - Improvement of schizophrenic patients treated with [des-Tyr1]-gamma-endorphin
      (DTgammaE).
AB  - It was postulated from animal experiments that gamma-endorphin and, in
      particular, the nonopiate-like peptide [des-Tyr1]-gamma-endorphin (DTgammaE, beta
      lipotropin [beta-LPH]62-77) have neurolepic-like activity. To test this, 14
      patients with long-lasting, relapsing schizophrenic or schizoaffective psychosis
      resistant to conventional neuroleptics were treated with DTgammaE. An open design
      was used first for six patients (study 1) and a double-blind, crossover design
      for the other eight (study 2). In study 1, all neuroleptic medication was
      discontinued and 1 mg of DTgammaE zinc phosphate was given daily intramuscularly
      for about seven days. In study 2, six patients were maintained with neuroleptic
      therapy and two patients were drug free; all eight received daily intramuscular
      injections of 1 mg of nonlasting DTgammaE in saline and solution for eight days.
      There was transient or semipermanent improvement in both studies in which the
      psychotic symptoms diminished or even disappeared. In study 2, there was a slight
      but significant improvement with the first treatment. Improvement continued and
      by day 4, the psychotic symptoms had almost disappeared. No toxic side effects
      were noted. These effects of DTgammaE may be a consequence of the normalization
      of beta-endorphin homeostasis in the brain.

PMID- 369472
TI  - Combination of lithium carbonate and haloperidol in schizo-affective disorder: a
      controlled study.
AB  - Lithium carbonate alone has been shown to be inferior to neuroleptics alone in
      the treatment of excited schizo-affective illness. However, in clinical practice,
      lithium carbonate and neuroleptics are often combined in this disorder. We report
      a double-blind five-week controlled trial of lithium carbonate plus haloperidol
      vs placebo plus haloperidol in the treatment of excited schizo-affective
      patients. Eighteen patients were studied in each treatment group. Modest but
      statistically significant differences in favor of lithium carbonate plus
      haloperidol were found by week 5, using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale.
      Lithium carbonate plus haloperidol was favored both for affective schizo
      affectives and for schizophrenic schizo-affectives. Lithium carbonate benefit did
      not seem to be restricted to affective symptoms only. In the clinical treatment
      of acute schizo-affective illness, the modest benefits of added lithium carbonate
      must be weighed against the risks of the drug's toxicity.

PMID- 369474
TI  - Phase microscopy for Legionnaires' disease.

PMID- 369473
TI  - New therapies and new pathologies: end-stage--dialysis kidneys.
AB  - End-stage kidneys in patients who are receiving long-term intermittent treatment
      with hemodialysis are metabolic structures that participate in many body
      processes and that themselves develop and change despite severe excretory
      deficiencies. Nephron loss is severe. Other lesions in such kidneys include the
      following: smooth muscle nodules that arise in necrotic arteries and arterioles;
      embryonal hyperplasia of Bowman's capsular epithelium; remodeling of the arteries
      and veins; tubular atrophy; dilation and cyst formation (acquired cystic
      disease); arteriolar granular cell hyperplasia and hypertension; deposits of
      oxalate, calcium, and immune complexes; interstitial fibrosis with collagen and
      smooth muscle; mucoid change; and cellular infiltration. This list does not
      include all pathologic conditions found in the end-stage--dialysis kidney. The
      necessity of and the criteria for an experimental model of human long-term
      intermittent hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease, presently lacking, are
      indicated.

PMID- 369475
TI  - New Academy president. Frederic J. Kottke, MD, PhD.

PMID- 369476
TI  - Cerebral lateralization of psychological processes: a literature review.

PMID- 369477
TI  - Draw-A-Person Test: implications for gender identification.
AB  - Human figure drawings were collected from 50 gender dysphoric adults and compared
      with the drawings of 84 adult evening-school students and college sophomores. The
      gender dysphoric males drew a person of the opposite sex first more often than
      the control group males (p less than 0.001). The gender dysphoric females drew a
      person of the opposite sex first more often than the control group females (p
      less than 0.05). Results are discussed in light of existing literature of the DAP
      and gender identity formation.

PMID- 369479
TI  - [Methodologic approaches and organizational principles for the independent work
      of students in the department of embryology and histology].

PMID- 369480
TI  - [In memory of Ivan Ivanovich Kositsyn].

PMID- 369478
TI  - Treatments of premature ejaculation and psychogenic impotence: a critical review
      of the literature.
AB  - Research on the treatments of premature ejaculation and psychogenic impotence is
      reviewed. Problems with the existing definitions of these disorders are
      discussed. The studies are reviewed under seven major headings: depth therapies,
      behavior therapies, hypnosis, drug therapy, mechanotherapy, reeducative and
      supportive therapies, and extensive retraining programs. Most of the studies were
      case reports. Considerable methodological weaknesses were found, most notably the
      failure to specify subject and treatment variables, the confounding of treatment
      methods, inadequate or nonexistent control groups, limited, if any, follow-up
      assessments of treatment effects, and a failure to obtain partner validation of
      subjects' progress. The studies which used systematic desensitization and the
      studies which assessed the extensive retraining programs reported the most
      consistently positive results, although better-controlled replications are
      needed. Among other issues, it was suggested that future investigators examine
      the impact of treatment of homogeneous samples and conduct controlled comparisons
      of different treatment methods.

PMID- 369481
TI  - [Functional and genetic trends in modern anatomy].

PMID- 369483
TI  - [Current findings concerning the structure and function of the paracortical zone
      of lymph nodes].

PMID- 369482
TI  - [Changes in the hypothalamo-hyophyseal neurosceretory system of mammals following
      pituitary stalk transection and hypophysectomy].
AB  - Hypophysectomy and pituitary stalk section result in dramatic morpho-functional
      changes in all parts of mammalian hypothalamo-hypophyseal neurosecretory system.
      Reorganization of the hypophyseal stalk consists of several interconnected but
      differing in time processes. Simultaneously with the developing traumatic changes
      (degeneration of the sectioned neurosecretory fibers, secretory disorders)
      proliferation of pituicytes with characteristic phagocytic activity is observed.
      A little bit later, intensive mitotic division of endothelial cells and capillary
      formation piercing the stalk periphery begins. At the same time, a new way for
      blood outflow from the capillaries of the primary portal plexus into the synuses
      of the brain pias is restored. Degenerated neurosecretory fibers are gradually
      substituted by regenerating fibers forming a dense network in heavily
      vascularizated stalk parts. As differentiation of endothelial cells and
      regeneration of neurosecretory fibers procede, axovasal contacts are gradually
      forming. At that time the hypophyseal stalk begins functioning as a neurohumoral
      organ but morpho-functionally less perfect than the posterior hypophyseal lobule.
      In the median eminence of the operated animals, unlike the intact ones,
      neurosecrete is accumulating around the capillaries of the portal plexus.
      Mechanical damage of neurosecretory fibers during the operation results in
      degeneration of a greater number of neurosecretory cells in the supraoptical and
      paraventricular nuclei. Preserved cells have an increased functional activity
      because of neurohormonal deficiency in the organism. As a result of the
      structural changes mentioned, diabetes mellitus develops, subsiding gradually
      with time course.

PMID- 369485
TI  - The revolting revisionist historian perspective.

PMID- 369484
TI  - [Ultrastructure of human parathyroid gland cells in normal subjects and in
      hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 369486
TI  - Diverticulosis--diverticulitis: newer concepts and rare case presentation.

PMID- 369487
TI  - Pause.

PMID- 369488
TI  - [History of Arkhiv patologii].
AB  - In connection with the completion of the 40th volume of the journal "Archive of
      Pathology", the author, a member of the editorial board and chief secretary of
      the journal at the time of its foundation in 1935, deals with the first period of
      the work of the journal until the interruption caused by the Great Patriotic war.
      He characterizes the contents of the journal reflecting both the research
      activity of pathologists of that period and most important events of the social
      and scientific life. Of special interest are the materials of discussions on the
      important problems of science, teaching, the subjects of scientific and
      pedagogical literature as well as the materials dealing with the practical work
      of pathologists and its organization.

PMID- 369489
TI  - [Anatolii Mikhailovich Vikhert (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 369490
TI  - Partial artificial heart (ALVAD) use with subsequent cardiac and renal
      allografting in a patient with stone heart syndrome.
AB  - The abdominal left ventricular assist device (ALVAD) is an order of magnitude
      more effective than conventional intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) in unloading
      and providing circulatory support to the failing left ventricle. This is a report
      of a unique case which demonstrates that in the absence of pulmonary vascular
      obstruction or constriction, the ALVAD can substitute for both left and right
      heart function. A 21-year-old patient with a congenital bicuspid aortic valve
      developed acute valvular endocarditis which rapidly progressed to congestive
      heart failure. An operation was undertaken, the mitral and aortic valves were
      excised and replaced by porcine heterografts, and a fistula from the right sinus
      of Valsalva to the right ventricle was closed. When coronary circulation was
      restored, irreversible ischemic contracture of the left ventricle, or "stone
      heart" syndrome, developed and emergency ALVAD or partial artificial heart
      implantation was effected. This device functioned as a total artificial heart for
      nearly six days, while a donor heart was sought. The patient then underwent
      removal of the ALVAD and cardiac and renal allografting. The transplanted heart
      functioned well, but the patient expired fifteen days later from gram-negative
      sepsis.

PMID- 369491
TI  - Postanoxic action myoclonus (Lance-Adams syndrome) responding to valproate.
AB  - A patient with postanoxic action myoclonus (Lance-Adams syndrome) was severely
      disabled with this movement disorder. Valproate sodium was administered orally,
      with complete resolution of the myoclonus. This favorable response has been
      maintained for two years. Excessive yawning, the only side effect encountered,
      was dose related and was abolished with the addition of pimozide to the drug
      regimen.

PMID- 369492
TI  - HLA antigens in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid.
AB  - HLA antigen frequencies were studied in 45 patients with ocular cicatricial
      pemphigoid. HLA-B12 was found to have an increased frequency of 44.4% in patients
      with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, which was statistically significant when
      compared with a frequency of 19.6% in the control population (P less than .001 or
      P less than .031 when corrected for the number of antigens tested). The results
      of this study suggest that there is an immunogenetic susceptibility to the
      development of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid.

PMID- 369493
TI  - [Acid etching and adhesives in denstistry. X--An acid etching technique in
      pedodontics].

PMID- 369494
TI  - [Effect of cavity preparation, of protective materials, and of the treatment of
      fused metal restorations on the penetration of rhodamine-B after cementation].

PMID- 369495
TI  - [Composites: composition and properties. I--matrix and substrate].

PMID- 369496
TI  - [Acid etching and adhesives in dentistry. XI--an acid etching technique in
      orthodontics].

PMID- 369497
TI  - [Synthetic sutures. Histological study in rats].

PMID- 369499
TI  - [Treatment planning and treatment system. Course II].

PMID- 369498
TI  - [Isolation and identification of Candida albicans from the oral cavity].

PMID- 369500
TI  - Magnetodontics. The use of magnetic forces in dentistry.
AB  - A recently discovered alloy of cobalt and samarium (CO5Sm) has exceptional
      magnetic properties. A laboratory evaluation was made of the grip force of
      samples of this alloy of a size suitable for dental use. A review of both dental
      and general literature points to the need for establishing, prior to widespread
      usage, that magnetic fields are harmless to surrounding tissues.

PMID- 369501
TI  - Parallel pin retention for anterior bridge retainers.
AB  - Various methods of preparing anterior fixed bridges are described. Retention is
      gained by the use of slots, three-quarter crowns and suitably placed wrought or
      cast pins. The use of a number of paralleling devices is described.

PMID- 369502
TI  - Re-establishing natural tooth position in the endentulous environment.
AB  - The routine prosthetic arrangement of teeth set according to arbitrary criteria
      frequently results in adaptive problems, tissue damage, poor aesthetics, lack of
      stability and functional disabilities. A phonetic technique, based on the "S"
      position of the mandible, in the majority of cases provides a useful aid in
      achieving natural tooth positions and the occlusal vertical dimension. This
      technique can enhance the quality of prosthodontic service especially for
      patients having difficulties with full dentures.

PMID- 369503
TI  - Dental history.

PMID- 369504
TI  - "History is bunk".

PMID- 369505
TI  - Chronic bullous eruptions of the skin.

PMID- 369506
TI  - Retirement of noted Victorian nurse (Miss Mary Evans).

PMID- 369507
TI  - History of child health services in Victoria.

PMID- 369508
TI  - Glycosylated haemoglobin--an index of diabetes control.

PMID- 369509
TI  - Hormonal profile, blood sugar control and HLA patterns in long-term insulin
      dependent diabetes with and without vascular disease.
AB  - Nineteen insulin dependent diabetics with onset at 30 years of age or less and
      duration of diabetes of greater than 25 years were divided into two groups on the
      basis of the presence or absence of clinically evident vascular disease. The
      patients without vascular disease were characterised by a later mean age of
      onset, lower fasting growth hormone concentration, and a lower frequency of the
      unusual HLA pattern B8 without A1 compared to the diabetics with vascular
      complications. The level of blood glucose control assessed over the last 15
      years, insulin antibody titres, plasma glucagon levels and plasma cholesterol did
      not differ between the two groups. Residual beta cell activity was found in only
      one of the 19 patients. Although this study does not exclude an effect of the
      degree of blood glucose control or persistence of beta cell function in the early
      stages of diabetes on the subsequent development of vascular disease, it suggests
      that genetic factors, age of onset and plasma growth hormone levels may be more
      important.

PMID- 369510
TI  - Radionuclide quantitation of left-to-right cardiac shunts in children.
AB  - In order to evaluate the clinical usefulness of radionuclide methods measuring
      the magnitude of left-to-right cardiac shunts, a comparison has been made of the
      results obtained using these procedures with those estimated by cardiac
      catheterization. Seventy children in whom the presence or absence of a shunt had
      been established, were studied. Two methods for radionuclide shunt quantitation,
      the pulmonary to systemic blood flow ratio (Qp/Qs) of Maltz and Treves and their
      modified C2/C1, were evaluated. The former was found to be superior and showed a
      high correlation of shunt size with the catheter results. With attention to the
      performance of the investigation and in the data analysis, good discrimination
      can be achieved between normal patients and those with shunts. Because of the
      atraumatic nature of the investigation, it is concluded that the procedure is of
      value in the diagnosis of a cardiac murmur, the assessment of postoperative
      patients and the follow-up of patients known to have a small shunt.

PMID- 369511
TI  - Plasma gonadotrophins and LHRH infusions in anorexia nervosa.
AB  - Nine female patients with anorexia nervosa were studied, three of them at
      different stages of weight gain. Basal plasma LH (luteinising hormone) was
      depressed in emaciated patients, but basal plasma FSH (follicle stimulating
      hormone) was normal. LH was significantly lower in patients who had been
      amenorrhoeic for less than 24 months than in those whose amenorrhoea was of
      longer duration. LH and FSH levels were stimulated by LHRH (luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone), infused at a rate of 0.5 microgram/min for four hours. One
      patient, tested at 60% of standard weight, had no LH response. In all other
      patients below 70% of standard, the maximal LH response occurred within the first
      hour of infusion. In patients at higher weights, the LH response was biphasic,
      and the maximal level was reached during the last hour of the infusion. The FSH
      response, similarly, approached maximal during the first hour in patients below
      70% of standard, but continued to rise throughout the infusion in patients at
      higher weights. Body weight expressed as a percentage of standard correlated
      significantly with both phases of the LH response, but not with the FSH response.
      Most previous authors have found an association between low body weight and
      depressed pituitary gonadotrophins in anorexia nervosa. The present findings
      further elucidate this relationship.

PMID- 369512
TI  - Transient global amnesia--a review of 213 cases from the literature.
AB  - TGA is a clearly recognisable clinical syndrome with many and varied aetiologies,
      the most ubiquitous being transient cerebral ischaemia. This entity is probably
      much more common than the literature suggests, many patients not coming to the
      attention of a physician due to the transient nature of the isolated memory
      defect and the risk of recurrence being low, it is of interest that many of the
      original patients described tended to be the more prominent members of the
      community, e.g. physicians and relatives of physicians, perhaps suggesting that
      the occurrence of TGA in such a person is less likely to pass unnoticed. In the
      differential diagnosis one should include the following: transient cerebral
      ischaemia, epilepsy, migraine, temporal lobe encephalitis, psychogenic fugues,
      post-traumatic, and rarely cerebral neoplasms.

PMID- 369513
TI  - Obstetrics: education and practice in Sydney, 1870-1939: part 1.
AB  - The development of obstetric education in Sydney, 1870-1939. is presented in two
      parts: part 1 looks at the education of nurses and part 2 looks at the education
      of doctors and their practice of midwifery. Maternal mortality remained
      stubbornly high until the late 1930's. Reformers urged better education as the
      solution to the "problem" of maternal mortality. It is suggested that the
      established maternity care system very probably limited such benefits as came
      from better education.

PMID- 369514
TI  - Obstetrics: education and practice in Sydney, 1870-1939: part 2.

PMID- 369515
TI  - The effects on sexual response and mood after sterilization of women taking long
      term oral contraception: results of a double-blind cross-over study.
AB  - Twenty women using oral contraception for a minimum of 2 years with no side
      effects volunteered to take part in this experiment which commenced after they
      had undergone laparoscopic sterilization. In a double-blind cross-over design,
      patients were administered either 1.0 mg ethynodiol diacetate + 0.1 mg mestranol
      ("Ovulen") each day for 21 days or an identical-looking placebo for the same
      number of days. The following month the alternative (cross-over) tablet was
      given. On days 12 and 25 of each cycle the women completed a modified form of
      Pitt's Depression Index and a short Sexual Response Score. The result indicated
      that the active pill ("Ovulen") was associated with a decreased sexual response,
      but with no increase in the depression index (relative to placebo). The
      significance of these findings is discussed in relation to previous work, the
      methodology of the study and hormone-behaviour experiments.

PMID- 369516
TI  - Early psychiatry in Western Australia: Dr. Nicholas Langley--a born loser.
AB  - Dr. Nicholas Langley was the first recorded "psychiatric" patient in Western
      Australia. His story provides an insight into the difficulty experienced in
      managing cases of violent behaviour in a small, isolated group without facilities
      or expertise. Langley recovered from his symptoms, and was accepted into the
      local community without undue stigma. He practised as a surgeon in Fremantle, and
      died at the age of 35, from what was apparently a cerebrovascular accident.

PMID- 369518
TI  - Self-control progressive relaxation training as an alternative nonpharmacological
      treatment for essential hypertension: therapeutic effects in the natural
      environment.

PMID- 369517
TI  - Individualized behavior therapy for alcoholics: a third year independent double
      blind follow-up.

PMID- 369520
TI  - [Fixation mechanisms in iridocapsular lenses].

PMID- 369519
TI  - [Carl Hermann Schildbach--first German university lecturer in orthopedics].

PMID- 369521
TI  - [Report of results of our first 100 iris clip lenses].

PMID- 369522
TI  - [Experiences with implantation of iris clip lenses].

PMID- 369523
TI  - [Keratoplasty, cataract extraction and implantation of synthetic lenses in one
      procedure].

PMID- 369524
TI  - [Typical reaction results in tolerance studies of synthetics implanted in the
      anterior chamber].

PMID- 369525
TI  - [Capsular lens implantation--the lens capsule as a microsurgical area].

PMID- 369526
TI  - [Use of synthetic implants in the cornea and conjunctiva. Keratoprosthesis].

PMID- 369527
TI  - [Glass-ceramic keratoprosthesis].

PMID- 369528
TI  - [Application of synthetic implants in orbit surgery. Plastics and orbital wall
      plastic surgery].

PMID- 369529
TI  - [Compatibility of plastic implants in the orbit].

PMID- 369530
TI  - [Ceramic keratoprosthesis].

PMID- 369532
TI  - [PVAL in biological testing procedures].

PMID- 369531
TI  - [Drug tolerance of glaucomatous eyes to beta-receptor blockers].

PMID- 369533
TI  - [Clinical and morphometric studies of various suture materials].

PMID- 369534
TI  - [Histocompatibility testing of donors and receivers in keratoplasty (initial
      attempts with adapted tissue-typed transplants in bad risk cases)].

PMID- 369535
TI  - [The development of eyeglasses since the 14th century (historical sources and
      findings in Yugoslavia)].

PMID- 369537
TI  - [An auxilliary instrument for intrascleral sutures].

PMID- 369536
TI  - [Histological aspects of tissue reactions to synthetic implants. Morphology of
      tissue reactions to synthetic implants in anterior eye sections].

PMID- 369539
TI  - [Schopfer's suture].

PMID- 369538
TI  - [Reaction to suture and implant materials following retinal detachment
      operations].

PMID- 369540
TI  - [Implant surgery using a sclera suture-guiding instrument].

PMID- 369541
TI  - [Ultrastructural findings following application of silicone sponge implants].

PMID- 369542
TI  - [Orientating paraffin embedding--a time-saving method for obtaining
      representative sections in the histological diagnosis of eyelid tumors].

PMID- 369543
TI  - [Histological and electron microscopy studies of a human eye several years after
      an intravitreous silicone implant].

PMID- 369544
TI  - [Tissue reaction to silicone and HEMA-implants in the cornea].

PMID- 369545
TI  - [Immune and foreign body reactions in keratophakia].

PMID- 369546
TI  - [In memoriam Professor E. Becker].

PMID- 369547
TI  - [Clostridium botulinum type C--toxic infection in broilers in North West
      Germany].

PMID- 369548
TI  - [The 75th anniversary of Professor Hans Hartwigk].

PMID- 369549
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Clement Bressou].

PMID- 369550
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Vesselin Vesselinov].

PMID- 369551
TI  - Teaching medical students psychosomatic medicine: of substances and approaches.
AB  - The author describes a curriculum in which the emphasis is on teaching of medical
      students a general systems approach to health and illness from the first year of
      medical school through the fourth year. In the first year, a three-part course in
      behavioral science includes: Introduction to the Patient; Social and Ethical
      Issues in Medicine; Exercises in Decision-Making; and a didactic lecture series,
      Determinants of Behavior. This is followed in the second year by a course in
      psychopathology taught from environmental, psychological and social perspectives.
      The third-year clerkship emphasizes a liaison approach where students return to
      the medical and surgical services to work-up patients from a broad
      multidimensional perspective. The formal program in psychiatry and behavioral
      science is supported by more than 40 electives in human development, biological,
      social and psychological psychiatry, including behavior. During these phases the
      student has experience in working as a member of a team. She/he approaches the
      health of an individual in terms of the life phase of the individual, the present
      life of the individual, his/her past experiences, previous personality, reaction
      to the current illness phenomenon while following the illness through the
      hospital phase of the present illness, studying coping and adaptational
      processes.

PMID- 369553
TI  - Opposite effects of starvation on oxidation of [14C]adenosine and adenosine
      induced insulin release by isolated mouse pancreatic islets.
AB  - To test further the hypothesis that ribonucleosides stimulate insulin secretion
      and biosynthesis by producing metabolic signals, the effects of starvation on
      adenosine-stimulated insulin production and the oxidation of adenosine by
      isolated mouse pancreatic islets were examined. No direct correlation was found
      between the metabolic flux and insulin secretion, since the starvation-induced
      impairment of the adenosine-stimulated insulin secretion was accompanied by an
      increased rate of adenosine oxidation. Adenosine-stimulated insulin biosynthesis
      was, however, unaffected by starvation.

PMID- 369552
TI  - Characterization of an Escherichia coli K12 mutant that is sensitive to chlorate
      when grown aerobically.
AB  - Escherichia coli can normally grow aerobically in the presence of chlorate;
      however, mutants can be isolated that can no longer grow under these conditions.
      We present here the biochemical characterization of one such mutant and show that
      the primary genetic lesion occurs in the ubiquinone-8-biosynthetic pathway. As a
      consequence of this, under aerobic growth conditions the mutant is apparently
      unable to synthesize formate dehydrogenase, but can synthesize a Benzyl Viologen
      dependent nitrate reductase activity. The nature of this activity is discussed.

PMID- 369554
TI  - Involvement of cytochrome P-450 and a cyanide-sensitive enzyme in different steps
      of lanosterol demethylation by yeast microsomes.

PMID- 369555
TI  - Alteration of flagella by a temperature sensitive R plasmid Rtsl in Escherichia
      coli K-12.

PMID- 369556
TI  - Assignment of the ends of the beta-chain of E. coli tryptophan synthase to the F1
      and F2 domains.

PMID- 369557
TI  - Structure of extracellular polysaccharides of Escherichia coli strains 36M, 72M
      and 29M isolated from coligranuloma of chick intestine: III. Polysaccharide from
      E. coli 72M.

PMID- 369558
TI  - Antioxidants and the mutagenicity of benzo(a) pyrene and some derivatives.

PMID- 369560
TI  - Specific, reversible inactivation of yeast beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutraryl-CoA
      reductase by CoA.

PMID- 369559
TI  - Inducer binding to lac repressor: effects of poly[d(A-T)] and trypsin digestion.

PMID- 369561
TI  - Ceramide and inositol content of the lipopeptidophosphoglycan from Trypanosoma
      cruzi.

PMID- 369562
TI  - Crosslinking in type III collagen of fetal tissue.

PMID- 369563
TI  - Tolerance of bacteria to extreme gas supersaturations.

PMID- 369564
TI  - Esolation and partial characterization of a membrane bound protein kinase from
      mitochondria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 369565
TI  - Isolation of a mannose-specific lectin from Escherichia coli and its role in the
      adherence of the bacteria to epithelial cells.

PMID- 369566
TI  - Metabolic activation of 3-methylcholanthrene: mutagenic and transforming
      activities of the 9,10-dihydrodiol.

PMID- 369567
TI  - Joint effusions after kidney transplantation.
AB  - Thirty-seven consecutive renal transplant recipients were studied prospectively
      for joint disease. Six developed arthralgias while corticosteroid doses were
      being lowered. Eleven patients (30%) developed knee effusions at a mean interval
      of 10 days following transplantation. Synovial fluids were colorless or very pale
      yellow, with few leukocytes (mean, 28/mm3). These benign transudative effusions
      did not correlate with immunologic abnormalities, transplant rejection, crystal
      deposition, or avascular necrosis and may have been due to high dose oral
      corticosteroid therapy.

PMID- 369568
TI  - Synovitis in secondary syphilis. Clinical, light, and electron microscopic
      studies.
AB  - Polyarthritis and tenosynovitis were seen as the presenting complaints in 7
      patients with secondary syphilis. Synovial needle biopsy was obtained in 3 cases
      and showed mild synovitis with infiltration by lymphocytes, plasma cells, and
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes; vascular congestion; and slightly increased
      synovial lining cells. In addition, electron microscopy in these synovial
      membranes showed many necrotic polymorphonuclear leukocytes, much interstitial
      debris and fibrin, and in 2 patients, bodies suggestive of Treponema pallidum in
      the interstitium and in vessel lumens.

PMID- 369569
TI  - Hemoflagellate kinetoplasts and the diagnosis of SLE.

PMID- 369571
TI  - [Application of the Ames test to some coloring agents].

PMID- 369570
TI  - [Pioneers in nursing: graduated in 1910...(Juanita B. Perez)].

PMID- 369572
TI  - [The immuno-enzymatic method in detection of HBsAg: evaluation in 350 subjects].

PMID- 369573
TI  - [Various aspects of resistance to bacterial infection associated with endotoxin
      tolerance: preliminary observations].

PMID- 369574
TI  - The lymphatic system and its history.

PMID- 369575
TI  - Into a new century.

PMID- 369576
TI  - Restorative treatment of the cleft palate patient. 5.--Removable prostheses.

PMID- 369577
TI  - Donald Edgar Mason, O.B.E., L.D.S.

PMID- 369578
TI  - Jack Hutchison Cottrell.

PMID- 369579
TI  - J.A. Donaldson, O.B.E.

PMID- 369580
TI  - Restorative treatment of the cleft palate patient. Complete dentures.

PMID- 369581
TI  - Desmond Stanley Hayton-Williams, M.A., F.D.S., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P.

PMID- 369582
TI  - A machine for thermal cycling in the investigation of marginal leakage. Its
      development and use.

PMID- 369583
TI  - The fractured bur as a projectile. A case report.

PMID- 369584
TI  - Two hundred and fifty years of rotary instruments in dentistry.

PMID- 369585
TI  - The natural history of antitumour immunity in human breast cancer assayed by tube
      leucocyte adherence inhibition.
AB  - The specificity of the tube LAI in breast cancer was examined in a study with
      coded samples of PBL. In addition, 64 patients with breast cancer had their LAI
      reactivity monitored and correlated with their clinical status for up to 3 years
      after mastectomy. When patients were assayed by tube LAI, 83, 72, and 29% with
      Stage I, and II and III breast cancer respectively were positive. In Stage IV
      brest cancer, 88% of those with local recurrence and 15% of those with
      disseminated cancer were positive. By contrast, 3% of control subjects were LAI+.
      A select group of patients admitted to hospital with suspicious breast lumps that
      histopathologically proved to be benign breast disease (BBD) had a higher
      incidence of LAI+ (12%), whereas of outpatients with BBD only 2% were LAI+. Most
      breast cancer patients LAI reactivity became negative 2--4 months after
      mastectomy, even when some harboured micrometastases. LAI reactivity remained
      absent in those patients who remained clinically "cancer-free". In the follow-up
      patients, LAI activity returned about 4 months before local recurrence. LAI
      reactivity was observed in 7/8 patients in the coded study and 14/15 patients in
      the follow-up study preceding and/or at the time of local recurrence. A few
      patients (15%) progressed to widespread cancer without preceding positive LAI
      activity. The results suggest that tumour-specific immunity rapidly fades after
      surgery and may play no role in the rejection of micrometastases by 6 months
      after surgery. In addition, the present study has shown that the human hose
      manifests tumour-specific immunity when the cancer is small, and suggests that
      the early detection of human cancer would depend upon reliable methods to measure
      the tumour-specific immune response.

PMID- 369587
TI  - Serological response to intracaecal injections of antigenic mouse tumour cells.
AB  - Immunofluorescence studies of sera from mice with induced enhancement of tumour
      growth demonstrated that these sera contained factors ("interfering factors")
      which in an apparently competitive manner interfered with the subsequent binding
      of specific antibodies to antigenic sites on the tumour-cell membrane. The
      factors were tumour-specific but lacked some of the immunoglobulin determinants.
      They could not be detected by polyvalent FITC-antimouse gamma-globulin.
      Interfering factors did not seem to be related to IgA or IgE. They were
      demonstrable in sera from tumour-free animals without growing tumours, thus
      differing from the tumour-specific "blocking factors".

PMID- 369586
TI  - A study of false positive and negative responses in the tube leucocyte adherence
      inhibition (tube LAI) assay.
AB  - A panel of 5 different breast-cancer and 2 other cancer extracts was used to
      clarify the false-negative responses in patients with Stage I and II breast
      cancer and the false-positive responses in control subjects. Most patients with
      Stage I and II breast cancer who had an initially negative LAI response were
      positive when tested against the panel. The false negatives occurred because of
      (1) the experimental errors of the assay; (2) changes in the antigenic strength
      of the extracts; (3) antigenic heterogeneity of a few tumours and (4) lack of
      tumour-specific reactivity of the host. 3% of control subjects had a false
      positive LAI response. The leucocytes from most of these positive patients did
      not react to the panel of antigens, and hence the false positives appeared to
      result from experimental error. In-hospital patients with benign breast disease
      had a 12% positivity rate when initially assayed, and 63% of these patients
      reacted to the panel of breast-cancer antigens. Those patients with benign breast
      disease who reacted to the panel of breast-cancer antigens had cytophilic anti
      breast-cancer antibody in their serum; their leucocyte LAI reactivity was blocked
      in an immunologically specific manner by serum from advanced Stage IV breast
      cancer patients; their leucocytes reacted to extracts of breast cancer and not
      fibrocystic breast tissue; their leucocyte reactivity was blocked by isolated
      breast-cancer TSA that was linked to beta 2 microglobulin, but not by normal
      breast-tissue proteins; and the kinetics of the LAI response after excision of
      the breast mass was identical to that observed with breast-cancer patients after
      mastectomy. In these patients, the breast tissue within the breast lump expressed
      breast TSA similar to unequivocal breast cancer.

PMID- 369588
TI  - BCG treatment of human tumour xenografts in athymic nude mice.
AB  - Xenografts of 3 human malignant cell lines in congenitally athymic nude mice have
      been examined for susceptibility to BCG. Growth of all 3 tumours, a bladder
      carcinoma, a melanoma and a colon carcinoma, was suppressed when cells were
      injected in admixture with BCG. Distant injection of BCG was ineffective. Mice
      with progressive growths had no detectable anti-human antibody, and rejection of
      cells and BCG failed to confer protection against subsequent tumour challenge.
      These studies indicate that human malignant cells are susceptible to local BCG
      activated host responses, and that athymic mouse xenografts may be a useful model
      for assessing the response of human tumours to such agents.

PMID- 369589
TI  - Size of cancer clinical trials and stopping rules.
AB  - A recent international survey on the size of clinical trials in cancer showed the
      frequent problem of slow patient accrual, which remains a major hindrance to
      progress. The survey also revealed that, although the design of most trials
      specified a fixed number of patients, subsequent experience revealed a much more
      flexible approach, with analysis of results, say, every 4--6 months. Conventional
      sequential methods are hardly ever used and unfortunately most trials proceed
      without any predetermined stopping rules. Some trial organizers use repeated
      significance tests on accumulating data as a guide to the detection of treatment
      differences, an approach that can be adapted to a more rigorous statistical
      framework as a "group sequential design". The major statistical principle
      involved is that the more often one analyses the data the greater is the
      probability of achieving a statistically significant result, even when the two
      treatments are equally effective. Group sequential designs require the adoption
      of a more stringent significance level to allow for repeated testing. If one
      intends up to 10 repeated analyses of the data, only a treatment difference
      significant at the 1% level would merit a decision to stop the trial. For any
      trial to implement a stopping rule successfully there must also be prompt
      feedback and processing of response and survival data ready for up-to-date
      analysis. Such efficiency is often lacking. The repeated presentation of interim
      results of a trial to participating investigators can seriously affect their
      future reaction, especially if there are interesting but non-significant
      differences. Thus, some secrecy about ongoing results is advisable if trials are
      to achieve an unbiased conclusion.

PMID- 369590
TI  - Metamorphosis of chronic granulocytic leukaemia: diagnosis, classification, and
      management.

PMID- 369591
TI  - Lactose carrier protein of Escherichia coli. Transport and binding of 2'-(N
      dansyl)aminoethyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside and p-nitrophenyl alpha-d
      galactopyranoside.
AB  - The elevated level of lactose carrier protein present in cytoplasmic membranes
      derived from Escherichia coli strain T31RT, which carries the Y gene of the lac
      operon on a plasmid vector (Teather, R. M., et al. (1978) Mol. Gen. Genet. 159,
      239--248), has allowed the detection of a complex between the carrier and the
      fluorescent substrate 2'-(N-dansyl)-aminoethyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (Dns2
      S-Gal). Binding is accompanied by a 50-nm blue shift in the emission maximum of
      the dansyl residue. The complex (dissociation constant, KD = 30 micron) rapidly
      dissociates upon addition of competing substrates such as beta-D-galactopyranosyl
      1-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside or upon reaction with the thiol reagent p
      chloromercuribenzenesulfonate. Binding of both Dns2-S-Gal and p-nitrophenyl alpha
      D-galactopyranoside (alpha-NPG) occurs spontaneously in the absence of an
      electrochemical potential gradient across the membrane. Comparison of equilibrium
      binding experiments using Dns2-S-Gal or alpha-NPG and differential labeling of
      the carrier with radioactive amino acids shows that the carrier binds 1 mol of
      substrate per mol of polypeptide (molecular weight 30 000). In addition to
      specific binding to the lactose carrier, Dns2-S-gal binds unspecifically to lipid
      vesicles or membranes, as described by a partition coefficient, K = 60, resulting
      in a 25-nm blue shift in the emission maximum of the dansyl group. Both Dns2-S
      Gal and alpha-NPG are not only bound by the lactose carrier but also transported
      across the membrane by this transport protein in cells and membrane vesicles. The
      fluorescence changes observed with dansylated galactosides in membrane vesicles
      in the presence of an electrochemical gradient (Schuldiner et al. (1975) J. Biol.
      Chem. 250, 1361--1370)) are interpreted as an increase in unspecific binding
      after translocation.

PMID- 369592
TI  - Yeast mitochondrial deoxyribonuclease stimulated by ethidium bromide. 1.
      Purification and properties.

PMID- 369593
TI  - Yeast mitochondrial deoxyribonuclease stimulated by ethidium bromide. 2.
      Mechanism of enzyme activation.
AB  - An endonuclease (EtdBr DNase), which is more active in the presence of EtdBr, has
      been purified from yeast mitochondrial membrane (Jacquemin-Sablon, H., et al.
      (1979) Biochemistry 18 (preceding paper in this issue)). This paper deals with
      the analysis of the mechanism of this activation. Determination of the enzyme
      activity in the presence of intercalating and nonintercalating agents showed that
      the enzyme does not recognize the DNA structure modifiction provoked by drug
      intercalation. Studies carried out with a series of phenanthridinium derivatives
      led to the following model. The EtdBr DNase activation would result from the
      formation of a ternary complex, DNA--drug--Triton X-100. The activation capacity
      of a drug depends on its ability to bind simultaneoulsy to the DNA (not
      necessarily by intercalation) and the detergent. When this complex is formed, the
      DNA molecule is surrounded with Triton X-100 molecules which constitute an
      hydrophobic environment and make the substrate more prone to interaction with the
      enzyme. The implications of this model are discussed.

PMID- 369594
TI  - Alteration of ribosomal protein L6 in gentamicin-resistant strains of Escherichia
      coli. Effects on fidelity of protein synthesis.

PMID- 369595
TI  - Triphasic concentration effects of gentamicin on activity and misreading in
      protein synthesis.
AB  - Gentamicin is shown to exert a triphasic concentration effect on peptide
      synthesis in vitro with natural messengers. Low concentrations (up to 2 micron)
      caused slowing and a decrease in total synthesis, but little misreading (assayed
      with extracts lacking Glu-tRNA); the inhibition was greater with an initiating
      system (with phage RNA as messenger) than with pure chain elongation on purified
      endogenous polysomes of Escherichia coli. Moderate concentrations (up to 100
      micron) slowed synthesis less, markedly increased its duration in the
      noninitiating system, and strongly stimulated misreading; at optimal
      concentrations total synthesis was even greater than normal. Moreover, with phage
      RNA these concentrations increased the synthesis of large polypeptides. We
      conclude that binding of gentamicin to its first site causes inhibition but
      little misreading; binding to additional site(s) partly reverses the inhibition
      by first-site binding and markedly stimulates misreading, and the misreading
      appears to favor "readthrough" of termination codons. In the third phase (greater
      than 100 micron) synthesis is slowed again but the pattern of misreading does not
      appear to be altered; this effect need not involve a specific further action on
      the ribosome.

PMID- 369597
TI  - Reconstitution of ubiquinone-linked functions in membrane vesicles from a double
      quinone mutant of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 369596
TI  - Rapid purification of biologically active individual histone messenger RNAs by
      hybridization to cloned DNA linked to cellulose.
AB  - We describe a rapid and simple method for the purification of biologically active
      messenger RNAs. The method allows the isolation in a few hours of specific mRNAs
      from either whole cell or polysomal RNA even if the RNA represents less than 1%
      of the starting molecules. We used, as a model, cloned sea urchin
      (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) histone gene fragments linked to cellulose by the
      method of B. E. Noyes & G. R. Stark (1975) Cell 5, 301--310) as hybridization
      probes to isolate specific histone mRNAs from whole cell and polysomal RNA
      extracts. RNAs isolated in this manner maintain their biological activity,
      serving as templates for histone proteins in a wheat-germ, cell-free protein
      translation system. In addition, radiolabeled histone-specific RNA purified from
      cleavage stage sea urchin embryos, pulse labeled for short periods of time and
      analyzed on denaturing polyacrylamide gels, was the same size as mature histone
      mRNA's.

PMID- 369598
TI  - S1 nuclease as a probe for the conformation of a dimeric tRNA precursor.
AB  - We have employed S1 nuclease to probe the structure of an intermediate in tRNA
      biosynthesis available only in radiochemical purity. The dimeric precursor to
      tRNAGln and tRNALeu from bacteriophage T4 was digested with the single-strand
      specific nuclease, and the products of the reaction were compared with the S1
      digestion products of the mature cognate tRNA'S. Quantitation and sequence
      analysis of the products revealed that the location and accessibility of S1
      cleavage sites in the precursor were substantially identical with those in the
      mature forms. Based on these conclusions, it is argued that the dimer is
      comprised of two domains in which the specific features of both secondary and
      tertiary conformation closely resemble those found in the mature molecules; at
      the same time we noted small but apparently significant differences in certain
      regions of the molecule which may reflect signals for various maturation events.
      Finally, we have determined that the sites of precursor cleavage by RNase P, the
      endonuclease which generates the mature 5' termini of these tRNAs, were
      completely inaccessible to S1 digestion.

PMID- 369599
TI  - Membrane-bound D-lactate dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli: purification and
      properties.

PMID- 369600
TI  - Biochemical and biophysical studies on the interaction of a membrane-bound
      enzyme, D-lactate dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli, with phospholipids.

PMID- 369601
TI  - Yeast hexokinase in solution exhibits a large conformational change upon binding
      glucose or glucose 6-phosphate.
AB  - Using small-angle X-ray scattering from solutions of yeast hexokinase, we have
      measured the radii of gyration of the monomeric B isozyme and its complexes with
      sugar substrates. We find that the radius of gyration decreases by 0.95 +/- 0.24
      A upon binding glucose and 1.25 +/- 0.28 A upon binding glucose 6-phosphate. This
      observed reduction in radius of gyration in the presence of glucose is the same
      as that calculated from the coordinates of the high-resolution crystal structures
      of native hexokinase B and a glucose complex with hexokinase A. Thus, these
      measurements suggest that the dramatic closing of the slit between the two lobes
      of hexokinase observed in the crystal structures (Bennett, W.S., & Steitz, T.A.
      (1978) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75, 4848--4852) occurs in solution when
      either glucose or glucose 6-phosphate is bound.

PMID- 369602
TI  - Mechanism of inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase by cyclopropranone hydrate and
      the mushroom toxin coprine.

PMID- 369603
TI  - T7 RNA polymerase: promoter structure and polymerase binding.
AB  - The sequences of two promoters recognized by the phage-specificied T7 RNA
      polymerase are presented. The two are identical in sequence but for one base pair
      from the initiation point (as determined by the 5' sequence of the transcripts),
      denoted +1, to position -15. The common : formula: (see text),  sequence also
      includes a region of hyphenated twofold symmetry indicated by the boxes, with the
      twofold axis as the center of the six base-pair box. The heavy line indicates the
      extent of homology. The first promoter (A) is demonstrated to lie within gene 1,
      the gene for the polymerase itself, and 40 bases into the message transcribed
      from this promoter is found the R Nase III site separating genes 1 and 1.1.
      Binding of T7 RNA polymerase to these promoters is associated with a hyperchromic
      blue shift of the base chromophores consistent with partial melting of the base
      pairs at the promoter. Binding of T7 RNA polymerase to these promoters disappears
      at low pH and low temperature and is accompanied by a consequent loss of
      polymerase activity. The pH dependence of the binding step is adequately
      described by a single pK of 7.0. Polymerase catalytic activity, but not promoter
      binding, requires a single free sulfhydryl group of the enzyme with a pKa of
      approximately 7.8.

PMID- 369604
TI  - High-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance studies of histidine-binding
      proteins J of Salmonella typhimurium. An investigation of substrate and membrane
      interaction sites.

PMID- 369605
TI  - Photocross-linking analysis of the contact surface of tRNA Met in complexes with
      Escherichia coli methionine:tRNA ligase.
AB  - Photoinduced covalent cross-linking has been used to identify a common surface of
      four methionine-accepting tRNAs which interact specifically with the Escherichia
      coli methionine:tRNA ligase (EC 6.1.1.10). tRNA--ligase mixtures were irradiated,
      and the covalently linked complexes were isolated and digested with T1 RNase
      (Schimmel & Budzik, 1977). The fragments lost from the elution profile of the T1
      RNase digest were considered to have been cross-linked to the protein and
      therefore in intimate contact with the enzyme. Only specific cognate tRNA--ligase
      pairs produce covalently linked complexes. The four substrate tRNAs used in this
      study have substantially different sequences, but all showed a common cross
      linking pattern, supporting the view that the sites cross-linked to the enzyme
      reflect the functionally common contact surface rather than particularly
      photoreactivity regions of tRNA. The cross-linked contact surface is comprised of
      three regions: (1) the narrow groove of the anticodon stem and its extension into
      the anticodon loop; (2) the 3' terminal residues; and (3) the 3' side of the "T
      arm". Unlike previous studies with other tRNAs, the D arm is not involved and
      significant radiation damage is suffered by the tRNA which must be taken into
      account in the analysis. The results are consistent with and complement chemical
      modification studies [Schulman, L. H., & Pelka, H. (1977) Biochemistry 16, 4256].

PMID- 369606
TI  - Measurement of macromolecular equilibrium binding constants by a sucrose gradient
      band sedimentation method. Application to protein-nucleic acid interactions.

PMID- 369607
TI  - Studies on the interaction between Escherichia coli pyruvate oxidase and a
      detergent activator by utilization of the fluorescence probe bis(8-p-toluidino-1
      naphthalenesulfonate).

PMID- 369608
TI  - Ionic selectivity of pores formed by the matrix protein (porin) of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Incorporation of the matrix protein (porin) from the outer membrane of
      Escherichia coli into black lipid films results in the formation of ion-permeable
      pores with a single-pore conductance of the order of 2 nS (in 1 M KCl).
      Information on the structure of this pore has been obtained by determining the
      selectivity for various species differing in charge and size. From the
      permeability of the pore for large organic ions (Tris+, glucosamine+, Hepes-) a
      minimum pore diameter of 0.8 nm is estimated. At neutral pH the pore is two to
      four times more permeable for alkali ions than for chloride. On the basis of the
      observed pH dependence of permeability, this cationic selectivity is explained by
      the assumption that the pore contains fixed negative charges.

PMID- 369609
TI  - Specificity and functions of guanine methylase of Shigella sonnei DDVI phage.
AB  - DNA methylase methylating adenine with formation of 6-methylaminopurine has been
      identified in Shigella sonnei 1188 cells which are the natural host of DDVI
      phage. At the same time, in DNA of DDVI phage replicating both in Sh. sonnei 1188
      cells and in Escherichia coli B cells 7-methylguanine was found as the only minor
      base in amounts of 0.25 and 0.27 mol per 100 mol of nucleotides, respectively.
      The extract of the infected cells was found to contain both kinds of DNA
      methylases: virus-specific guanine methylase and cellular adenine methylase. The
      lack of 6-methylaminopurine in DNA of this phage is explained by reversible
      inhibition of the cell enzyme in the infected cells. The amount of methyl groups
      transferred by DDVI-specific methylase on DNA does not depend on the species of
      the infected cells and is similar in the case of unmodified SD phage DNA and DNA
      of T2 phage methylated by E. coli B enzyme. Guanine methylase has been shown to
      be a DDVI-induced modification enzyme and to protect against restriction of B
      type. It methylates double-stranded DNAs only and is inhibited by S
      adenosylhomocysteine.

PMID- 369610
TI  - The effects of temperature and ethidium bromide on the banding of heat-denatured
      DNA in gradients of NaI.
AB  - The effects of temperature and ethidium bromide on the banding of heat-denatured
      DNA was studied during equilibrium centrifugation in density gradients of NaI.
      Centrifugation at 10 degrees C prevents the partial renaturation of Escherichia
      coli DNA and Clostridium perfringens DNA that occurs at 20 degrees C. A
      centrifugation temperature of --5 degrees C is required to prevent renaturation
      of T7 phage DNA. Ethidium bromide decreases renaturation of Escherichia coli DNA
      during centrifugation at 20 degrees C and causes a small shift in the buoyant
      density of both denatured and native DNA. Equilibrium centrifugation at lower
      temperatures prevents DNA renaturation and permits increased utilization of the
      large buoyant density difference between native and heat-denatured DNA in
      gradients of NaI.

PMID- 369611
TI  - An essential arginyl residue in yeast hexokinase.
AB  - The inactivation of yeast hexokinase A (ATP:D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase, EC
      2.7.1.1) by phenylglyoxal obeys pseudo first-order kinetics. Formation of a
      reversible enzyme-reagent complex prior to modification is suggested by the
      observed saturation kinetics. Loss of activity correlates with the incorporation
      of 1 mol of [14C]phenylglyoxal per mol 50 000 dalton subunit. No significant
      conformational change occurs concomitantly. Inactivation is attributable to
      modification of an arginyl residue. The pattern of protection by substrates and
      analogs favors an interaction of this essential residue with the terminal
      phosphoryl group of ATP or glucose 6-phosphate.

PMID- 369612
TI  - Kinetics of pepsin-initiated coagulation of kappa-casein.
AB  - The kinetics of pepsin initiated coagulation of kappa-casein have been studied at
      pH 5.8. The primary and secondary phases of coagulation are shown to proceed
      simultaneously. The theory of enzymatically initiated clotting reactions proposed
      by Payens (Payens, T.A.J. (1976) Neth. Milk Dairy J. 30, 55--59) has been applied
      to this clotting system and has been used to obtain rate constants for the
      secondary phase of coagulation. As expected, clotting rate constants for kappa
      casein increase with pepsin concentration. An activation energy of 30.6 kcal/mol
      has been obtained for the secondary phase of coagulation. Turbidity measurements
      are a convenient means for studying the secondary phase of coagulation but do not
      provide an unambiguous means for studying the primary phase of the reaction.

PMID- 369613
TI  - Effects of benzimidazole on the purine and pyrimidine metabolism of yeast.
AB  - Yeast cells inhibited by benzimidazole accumulate hypoxanthine with associated
      efflux of xanthine. Unlike control cells, inhibited cells contain no detectable
      free UMP and CMP. Benzimidazole decreases uptake of [8-14C]hypoxanthine into the
      intracellular pool of hypoxanthine and xanthine but causes radioactive xanthine
      to accumulate in the medium. In inhibited cultures there is a threefold increase
      in incorporation of [8-14C]hypoxanthine into the total (intracellular plus
      extracellular) xanthine. Uptake of [8-14C]hypoxanthine into free nucleotides and
      into bound adenine and guanine was inhibited by 70%. Uptake of [U-14C]glycine
      into IMP, AMP, GMP, DNA and RNA was also substantially decreased. Incorporation
      of [2-14C]uracil into the intracellular uracil pool was inhibited by 30% and into
      free uridine and cytidine by over 90%. Benzimidazole inhibited incorporation of
      [8-3H]IMP into AMP and GMP, and decreased substantially the activity of glutamine
      amidophosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.14). Yeast cultures were shown to N
      ribotylate benzimidazole. Results are consistent with benzimidazole inhibiting
      yeast growth by competing for P-rib-PP and so depriving other ribotylation
      processes such as the 'salvage' pathways and de novo synthesis of purines and
      pyrimidines.

PMID- 369615
TI  - Regulation of glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase synthesis in yeast.
AB  - A basal level of glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase is detected in yeast cells
      grown on glucose. However, a burst of enzyme production occurs in the presence of
      N-acetylglucosamine in pathogenic Candida albicans and non-pathogenic
      Saccharomyces cervisiae. The enzyme synthesis stops and its concentration in the
      cells declines rapidly as soon as N-acetylglucosamine is removed from the medium.
      Experiments with RNA- and protein-synthesis inhibitors indicate that the
      appearance of new enzyme activity is dependent on concomitant new protein
      synthesis and the inducer operates at a transcriptional level. However,
      inhibition of DNA synthesis either by hydroxyurea or by mitomycin-C does not
      impair the synthesis of glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase.

PMID- 369614
TI  - Stimulation of renin secretion from the intact kidney and from isolated glomeruli
      by the calcium ionophore A23187.
AB  - The ionophore A23187 evoked a dose-dependent release of renin from the isolated
      perfused cat kidney, which was inhibited by calcium deprivation and adrenergic
      blockade. The latter finding indicates that the effects of A23187 on the intact
      kidney are mediated mainly by catecholamine release from sympathetic nerve
      endings. Ionophore also elicited a concentration-dependent enhancement of renin
      secretion from a pure preparation of glomeruli isolated from cat kidney; this
      stimulation was still manifest when the glomeruli were superfused with a calcium
      free solution. These findings indicate that A23187 evokes renin secretion from
      juxtaglomerular cells by mobilizing cellular calcium and support the view that an
      increase in intracellular calcium is intimately involved in the mechanism of
      renin secretion.

PMID- 369616
TI  - 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol. A metabolite produced during the biosynthesis of
      thiamine in Escherichia coli.
AB  - 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as
      a metabolite of Escherichia coli when it is grown on a medium containing no
      thiamine or 4-methyl-5-beta-hydroxyethyl thiazole. 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol was
      found to be derived from L-tyrosine and the amount produced was found to be
      inhibited by the addition of thiamine to the growth medium. The amount of 4
      hydroxybenzyl alcohol produced, as measured by isotopic dilution, was shown to be
      equivalent to the amount of thiamine formed. Based on these observations, it was
      concluded that 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol is the cleavage product produced during
      the biosynthesis of the thiazole moiety of thiamine from tyrosine.

PMID- 369617
TI  - Interpretation of the results of investigating molecular fossils.
AB  - The difficulties and possible errors in interpreting the results of investigating
      molecular fossils within the scope of the problem of chemical evolution and
      origin of life on the earth are examined. These difficulties can be largely
      overcome on the basis of modeling processes of the transformation of organic
      matter under different geological conditions.

PMID- 369618
TI  - [The effect of guanosinetetraphosphate on rRNA synthesis in E. coli extracts].
AB  - The synthesis of rRNA in the ribosome-free extracts S100 of E. coli cells was
      about 30 and 60% of total transcript when E. coli DNA and DNA of lambda rifd 18
      phage were used respectively. The synthesis of rRNA with both types of DNA was
      inhibited in 5--6 times by 0.8 mM ppGpp, while the synthesis of total RNA
      decreased only two-fold. Selective action of ppGpp on rRNA synthesis is due to
      the intensive inhibition of the initiation of transcription of the appropriate
      genes. The rRNA synthesis and the inhibitory capacity of ppGpp was shown to
      dependend on the KCl concentration in S 100 extracts. These results indicate that
      ppGpp is the main factor controlling rRNA synthesis both in isolated RNA
      polymerase system and in cell-free extracts.

PMID- 369619
TI  - [Comparative study of glycosidase from cattle liver and exoglycanase from
      Aspergillus awamori].
AB  - Anomerities of products were estimated for glucosidases from cattle liver and
      Aspergillus awamori. It was demonstrated that the enzyme from cattle liver is
      alpha-glucosidase and that from Asp. awamori is exogluconase. It was demonstrated
      that alpha-glucosidase hydrolyzes the C1--O bond in the course of reaction. delta
      Lactone of gluconic acid is a competitive inhibitor for both enzymes. The
      secondary kinetic isotope effects for both enzymes were measured. The isotope
      effect for alpha-glucosidase is equal to 1, for exogluconase 1,1 for glycogen and
      1,18 for maltose. Some aspects of mechanisms of both enzymes are discussed in
      terms of the data obtained.

PMID- 369620
TI  - [Isolation and properties of DNA-cytosine-methylase I from Escherichia coli MRE
      600].
AB  - DNA-cytosine-methylase I was isolated and purified to homogeneity. The yield made
      up to about 30% of total activity. The enzyme molecular weight as determined by
      centrifugation in a sucrose gradient, by gel filtration and by electrophoresis in
      polyacrylamide gel in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate was found to be
      45,000. The Michaelis constant was 1,8 . 10(-6) M for SAM and 2 . 10(-4) M for
      DNA. DNA-cytosine-methylase I modifies phage lambda DNA in 60 sites. This
      modification does not protect DNA from the effects of restriction endonucleases
      HpaII and BsuRI. The enzyme methylates DNA in the nucleotide sequence: 5'...Pur
      MC-C-G-G-Pyr...3'.

PMID- 369621
TI  - [Nature of the intermediate compound formed during catalysis by pepsin].
AB  - The applicability of the free energies linearity principle to catalysis by pepsin
      may indicate that the mechanism of formation of a covalent pepsin intermediate
      with the second (amine or alcohol) part of the hydrolyzed substrate is a true
      one. The choice has been made from consideration of three possible types of
      mechanisms covalent binding, complex with a nonionized NH2-group and the absence
      of an activated intermediate.

PMID- 369622
TI  - [Substrate specificity of peptidases catalyzing LH-RH degradation in
      hypothalamus, liver and heart of rat].
AB  - Degradation of [125I]-LH-RH by peptidases of hypothalamus, liver and heart of the
      rat and the effects of LH-RH, LH-RH antagonist D-Phe2-Phe3-D-Phe6-LH-RH, LH-RH5
      10, oxytocin, bradikinin, thyrotrophin-releasing hormone, melanocyte-inhibiting
      factor, luteinizing, follicle-stimulating, lactogenic and growth hormones were
      studied. It was shown that the degradation was inhibited with maximal efficiency
      by non-labelled LH-RH (Ki = 1,7--2,0 . 10(-6) M). This observation is indicative
      of peptidase specificity for LH-RH. It is assumed that specific peptidases of
      liver and heart are involved in the reglation of LH-RH concentration in these
      organs.

PMID- 369624
TI  - Selective attention, cortical evoked responses, and brain function in human
      subjects: a critical review and theory.
AB  - A theoretical framework is proposed to account for the facts of selective
      attention in terms of cortical redundancy and cortical-subcortical interactions
      as measured by the Average Evoked Response and the background EEG. The recent
      research concerning AER correlations of selective attention is reviewed and found
      to be lacking in methodological coherence. This lack is found to contaminate
      existing theory regarding selective attention and brain function. An alternative
      approach is explored and its findings are found to yield the present theory.

PMID- 369623
TI  - Clinical effects of L-5-hydroxytryptophan administration in chronic schizophrenic
      patients.
AB  - L-5-Hydroxytryptophan (L-5HTP) and the peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor
      carbidopa were administered to chronic schizophrenic patients in three separate
      experiments using a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design. The three
      experiments were: (i) L-5HTP administration to 15 patients who had been withdrawn
      from all neuroleptic medication; (ii) L-5HTP administration to seven patients
      maintained on haloperidol; (iii) L-5HTP administration to nine patients
      maintained on chlorpromazine. Although the groups were diagnostically
      homogeneous, individual responses were highly variable. Considering each group as
      a whole, the only significant changes in rated psychosis consisted of an increase
      in the first group consequent to coming off neuroleptic medication and an
      increase in psychosis scores associated with adding L-5HTP to chlorpromazine.
      Neuroleptics apparently sensitize the central nervous system to the effects of L
      5HTP loading. Acute exacerbations of psychosis induced by L-5HTP can be reversed
      by neuroleptics. Our experience does not give encouragement to the hypothesis
      that schizophrenic illnesses arise consequent to a deficit of serotonergic
      function that can be treated by giving a serotonin precursor in pharmacological
      quantities.

PMID- 369625
TI  - In memory of Dr. Harold Harrison Cole.

PMID- 369626
TI  - Studies on the role of the medial preoptic area in sexual behavior and hormonal
      response to sexual behavior in the mature male laboratory rat.

PMID- 369627
TI  - Mechanisms of erythrocyte sedimentation.
AB  - Concomitant mechanisms of red-cell sedimentation are discussed: 1. physical 2.
      biological (the effects of plasma proteins, viscosity, and the number and size of
      erythrocytes on the rate of sedimentation). 3. an up-to-date review of the
      principal methods and systems used to measure the sedimentation rate--Automation
      of the Westergren initial methodology.

PMID- 369628
TI  - Drug latentiation in cancer chemotherapy.
AB  - Latent antitumour agents require spontaneous or enzyme-catalysed activation to
      cytotoxic species in vivo. Activation may occur principally in normal tissues or
      in the target tumour. Agents of this type are discussed and mechanisms of drug
      action and selectivity are described, with reference to appropriate examples. The
      comparatively poor therapeutic activity of many agents designed for selective
      activation in tumours is attributed to the often unfavourable distribution of
      activating enzymes between normal and neoplastic tissues. Factors to be
      considered in the design of new enzyme-activated agents are discussed and
      possible artefacts involved in the assay of tumour enzymes are described. Some
      novel approaches to the design of latent antitumour agents are also discussed.

PMID- 369629
TI  - Ultrastructural study of normal and leukaemic leucocyte processes.
AB  - Cellular processes of leucocytes from both normal and leukaemic subjects were
      studied at the ultrastructural level. By high voltage transmission electron
      microscopy without a metal coating, more surface features could be seen in the
      cells than were observed by either scanning electron microscopy or conventional
      transmission electron microscopy. The technique was shown to be especially useful
      as it allows direct visualisation of the cell surface structure at high
      resolution without artefact-inducing preparative processes. Demonstrating
      receptor sites with this technique opens up the possibility of studying
      lymphocyte microvilli in greater detail.

PMID- 369631
TI  - Analysis of the venom of the Sydney funnel-web spider, Atrax robustus using gas
      chromatography mass spectrometry.
AB  - Thirteen compounds have been identified using gas chromatography mass
      spectrometry in the venom of the Sydney funnel-web spider, Atrax robustus. The
      compounds were identified as their trimethylsilyl or pentafluoropropionate
      derivatives and were citric acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, glycerol, urea,
      glucose, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glycine, spermidine, spermine, tyramine and
      octopamine. Female venom contained trace quantities of 5-methyoxytryptamine which
      was not detected in male venom. Quantitative determination of tyramine and
      octopamine was achieved using chemical ionization (CH4) gas chromatography mass
      spectrometry and deuterated internal standards.

PMID- 369630
TI  - Effects of chronic alcoholism on the pituitary-gonadal function of women during
      menopausal transition and in the post menopausal period.
AB  - The hypothalamo-pituitary gonadal function was evaluated in eleven chronically
      alcoholic menopausal women by measurement of basal serum oestradiol, FSH, LH and
      prolactin, followed by LHRH-TRH test and administration of clomiphene citrate.
      All patients had hepatic damage, fibrosteatosis or cirrhosis. Two subgroups have
      been isolated according to urinary and serum estrogen levels: seven patients with
      urinary estrogen output less than 14 microgram per 24 h and plasma oestradiol
      less than 40 pg per ml were considered as post menopausal women: basal values of
      FSH and LH and their response to LHRH did not differ from that observed in normal
      menopausal women; clomiphene citrate induced a significant suppression of FSH and
      LH blood levels. Four women with urinary estrogen output greater than 14
      microgram per 24 h and plasma oestradiol greater than 40 pg per ml were
      considered in menopausal transition. Their basal and post LHRH-FSH blood levels
      were lower than in the control group. These results suggest a normal hypothalamo
      pituitary-gonadal axis at least in the post menopausal alcoholic women.

PMID- 369632
TI  - Real-time analysis of breath using an atmospheric pressure ionization mass
      spectrometer.
AB  - A new technique is reported resulting in the direct, instantaneous analyses of
      trace compounds in breath. The analyses were performed using a commercial
      atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometer (TAGA TM2000 APCI mass
      spectrometer). A known flow of breath sample is introduced into the ionization
      region of the mass spectrometer. The study includes the measurement and
      monitoring in real-time, of breath ammonia during a 24 hour and a 48 hour period.
      The ammonia profiles indicate a personalized daily pattern associated with each
      subject. This method appears to be of potential value in routine detection and
      treatment of hyperammonemia patients. Results also show that it is possible to
      obtain instantaneous analyses of several naturally occurring metabolites and
      other substances on breath in the ppm to ppt range, suggesting a number of
      diagnostic research applications.

PMID- 369633
TI  - Process characteristics of cell lysis mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Several temperature-sensitive lysis mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were
      selected according to their ability to release alkaline phosphatase when
      incubated at a nonpermissive temperature. For two mutants, cell lysis and release
      of alkaline phosphatase reached a maximum when cells in the logarithmic growth
      phase were shifted to the nonpermissive temperature. Morphological changes, as
      well as changes in macromolecular composition of the cells, were observed. Growth
      is necessary and oxygen is important for the expression of cell lysis at the
      nonpermissive temperature.

PMID- 369634
TI  - [Changes in pressor and depressor reactions following partial pancreatectomy].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on 39 mongrel pubertal dogs. The course of pressor and
      depressor reactions under conditions of normal vital activity and after partial
      corporocaudal resection of the pancreas was studied. The principal indices
      characterizing the changes of pressor reaction to noradrenaline, and of the
      depressor one -- to bradykinin and kallikrein before and 10 to 12 days after the
      corporocaudal resection of the pancreas were determined. Resection of the corporo
      caudal part of the pancreas intensified the pressor reactions to noradrenaline,
      and depressor ones to bradykinin and kallikrein; it increased the initial
      negative chronotropic effect of catecholamines on the heart, and also enhanced
      the positive chronotropic effect of noradrenaline, kallikrein and bradykinin on
      the heart.

PMID- 369635
TI  - [T- and B-lymphocytes in patients with chronic renal failure and in recipients of
      cadaveric allokidneys during the immediate posttransplant period].
AB  - Investigations of the thymus-dependent and thymus-independent lymphocytes
      populations of patients with chronic renal failure showed the activity of the T
      lymphocytes system to be depressed in these cases. Both the lymphocyte
      populations took part in the rejection, but the degree of their participation
      differed. There was a low activation of T-lymphocytes and a high activation of B
      lymphocytes in case of inflammatory processes, abscess, frunculosis, hematoma,
      etc., when stable doses of immunodepressants were used. The evidence of
      participation of T- and B-lymphocytes in the rejection opens new approaches to
      the diagnosis of different pathological conditions in the recipient's organism.

PMID- 369636
TI  - Some stochastic features of bacterial constant growth apparatus.

PMID- 369637
TI  - The origins of the American hospital system.

PMID- 369638
TI  - Pulmonary response to injury.

PMID- 369639
TI  - The United States swine influenza immunization program: a New York City
      perspective.

PMID- 369640
TI  - Nerve repair.

PMID- 369641
TI  - The medical management of renal artery stenosis in transplant recipients.
AB  - The investigation, management and clinical course of 12 patients developing
      stenosis of the renal artery following transplantation are described. The
      possible aetiology of the three arteriographic patterns of stenosis is discussed.
      Surgical correction of graft arterial stenosis is difficult and may lead to graft
      loss, whereas the outcome with antihypertensive drug treatment with or without
      anticoagulants is good. Surgery should only be contemplated if medical treatment
      is failing or if renal function is deteriorating.

PMID- 369642
TI  - Highly selective vagotomy with excision of the ulcer compared with gastrectomy
      for gastric ulcer in a randomized trial.
AB  - Fifty-six patients with benign gastric ulcer of the body of the stomach have been
      entered into a randomized trial of highly selective vagotomy with excision of the
      ulcer (HSVE) (26 cases) against standard Billroth I partial gastrectomy (BI) (30
      cases). The operations were carried out by all grades of surgical staff. No
      patient died within 1 month of operation. Postoperative morbidity was greater
      after gastrectomy than after HSVE. At an average follow-up of about 4 years,
      functional results according to a modified Visick classification were similar in
      both groups, with about 75 per cent good results. Two recurrent ulcers occurred
      after gastrectomy (7 per cent) and 4 after HSVE (15 per cent). Neither operation
      has a distinct advantage at this stage.

PMID- 369644
TI  - Internal fixation versus primary prosthetic replacement in acute femoral neck
      fractures: a prospective, randomized clinical study.
AB  - A prospective, randomized clinical study has been performed on 104 patients with
      an acute femoral neck fracture, comparing internal fixation (von Bahr screws)
      with primary prosthetic replacement (Christiansen endoprosthesis). Immediate
      weight bearing was allowed in both groups. The postoperative mortality rate was
      similar in the two groups. Internal fixation proved to be a less time-consuming
      operation, gave a shorter hospitalization time and was associated with a
      significantly reduced morbidity rate compared with prosthetic replacement. No
      blood transfusion was needed in the internal fixation group. Primary prosthetic
      replacement was associated with earlier postoperative mobilization, probably gave
      a more definitive treatment with fewer reoperations, and showed better results at
      1-year follow-up.

PMID- 369643
TI  - The stripping of varicose veins: a clinical trial of intermittent compression
      dressings.
AB  - This study compares a standard method of care for patients following excision and
      ligation of varicose veins with a new regimen which involves intermittent
      compression dressings. In a fully randomized between-patient prospective trial it
      has been found that the use of such dressings results in a significant reduction
      in postoperative pain and in the length of hospitalization and indicates that
      such dressings may improve the healing of surgical wounds.

PMID- 369645
TI  - A clinical trial of endolymphatic therapy in malignant melanoma: interim report
      of the progress of the Medical Research Council trial.
AB  - This report presents the interim results of the MRC trial on the treatment of
      Stage I melanoma of the lower limb by endolymphatic therapy. Over a 10-year
      period a group of 146 patients has been entered into the trial. Although total
      recurrence rates were not significantly affected by endolymphatic therapy,
      recurrence in the lymph nodes was largely prevented. More patients in the
      standard treatment group needed the more major procedure of block dissection. The
      survival rates for the endolymphatic and standard treatment groups did not differ
      significantly.

PMID- 369646
TI  - Beta-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs and blood sugar control in diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The effects on diabetic control of the relative cardioselective beta-blocker
      metoprolol and the non-selective drug propranolol were compared in 20
      hypertensive diabetic patients receiving diet alone or diet and oral
      hypoglycaemic agents. Each drug was given for one month in a double-blind, cross
      over study. Fasting, noon, and mid-afternoon blood sugar concentrations rose by
      1.0-1.5 mmol/l (18-27 mg/100 ml). The rise with propranolol was not significantly
      greater than with metoprolol. In a few patients the rise was clinically
      important. The small overall change observed in diabetic control should not deter
      the use of beta-blockers in non-insulin-dependent diabetics, provided control is
      carefully monitored at the onset of treatment.

PMID- 369647
TI  - Comparison of effects of propranolol and metoprolol on airways obstruction in
      chronic bronchitis.

PMID- 369648
TI  - Kidney transplants, doctors, and the media.

PMID- 369649
TI  - 1918 influenza epidemic.

PMID- 369650
TI  - Transcendental meditation.

PMID- 369651
TI  - Improved metabolic profiles in insulin-treated diabetic patients given an alpha
      glucosidehydrolase inhibitor.
AB  - An alpha-glucosidehydrolase inhibitor (acarbose; BAY g 5421) taken with food was
      compared with dummy tablets in seven insulin-treated diabetic patients over eight
      hour periods that included breakfast, lunch, and two snacks. Acarbose diminished
      the postprandial increases in blood glucose, lactate, and pyruvate concentrations
      and may therefore be of value in the management of insulin-dependent diabetes.

PMID- 369652
TI  - Comparison of natriuretic, uricosuric, and antihypertensive properties of
      tienilic acid, bendrofluazide, and spironolactone.
AB  - The antihypertensive properties of the new diuretic tienilic acid were
      investigated. Thirteen previously untreated hypertensive patients took part in a
      double-blind crossover study in which 30 days' treatment with tienilic acid 250
      mg, bendrofluazide 5 mg, and spironolactone 100 mg were compared. Bendrofluazide
      caused the greatest natriuresis on the first treatment day and the most rapid
      fall in blood pressure. The ultimate antihypertensive effect of all three drugs
      was similar. Tienilic acid caused a noticeable reduction in serum urate
      concentrations and a rise in urate clearance, in contrast to the other two
      agents, which caused slight urate retention. Tienilic acid and bendrofluazide
      caused falls and spironolactone a rise in plasma potassium concentrations. No
      untoward effects were seen from any of the drugs. It is concluded that tienilic
      acid is a moderately potent diuretic that lowers plasma urate concentrations. It
      may be the drug of first choice for hypertensive patients who already have gout
      or are likely to develop it when taking thiazide diuretics.

PMID- 369654
TI  - Cadaver nephrectomy: an operation on the donor's family.
AB  - Thirty-two relatives of cadaver kidney donors were interviewed six months or
      longer after the donor's death. Most had  positive attitudes to kidney
      transplantation that had been strengthened by experience, especially when they
      knew that they were fulfilling the donor's wishes. Twenty-three of the relatives
      had gained some solace from knowing that others might benefit from their
      misfortune, but three claimed adverse effects. In identifying the factors that
      influenced them to grant permission or hesitate, relatives revealed defects in
      the way their permission had been sought. Twelve did not clearly understand the
      donor's hopeless prognosis until then, and seven reacted adversely to the
      interviewers, finding them blunt and callous. Nevertheless, most were pleased
      that they had been asked. Doctors who care for unconscious, dying patients should
      try to give relatives explicit information on the patient's condition, whether or
      not the patient is a potential kidney donor, and permission for organ recovery
      should not be sought until they understand that death is inevitable.

PMID- 369653
TI  - Treatment of mastalgia with bromocriptine: a double-blind cross-over study.

PMID- 369655
TI  - What is a cohort?

PMID- 369656
TI  - Plasma lipoproteins in renal transplant patients.

PMID- 369657
TI  - Cardiac resuscitation with electricity.

PMID- 369658
TI  - Emotion and empiricism.

PMID- 369659
TI  - Urinary excretion of factor VIII after renal transplantation.
AB  - The urinary excretion of factor-VIII-related antigen (VIIIRAg) was measured in 72
      patients with kidney transplants and compared with that of two end-products of
      fibrin-fibrinogen lysis (fragments D and E) to assess their usefulness in
      monitoring the onset of rejection episodes. Specific and sensitive
      radioimmunoassays were used to measure the three proteins. Unconcentrated urine
      samples of 24-hour collections were obtained from 20 healthy subjects, 48
      patients with stable transplants, and 24 patients with recent transplants
      serially followed up from the day of transplantation. Factor VIIIRAg and
      fragments E and D were not detectable in the urine from healthy subjects but were
      present in 39%, 60%, and 100% respectively of samples from patients with stable
      transplants. During 33 acute rejection episodes in 19 patients with recent
      transplants factor VIIIRAg and fragments E and D were significantly increased
      above the values observed in patients with stable transplants in 82%, 73%, and
      64% of samples respectively; in patients with recent transplants showing no
      clinical sign of rejection increased excretion of these proteins was observed in
      11%, 26%, and 22% of samples respectively. The presence of factor VIIIRAg in
      urine from patients with kidney allografts suggests that endothelial cell-factor
      VIII-platelet interactions might pay a key part in the pathogenesis of acute
      rejection. The results suggest that the assay of factor VIIIRAg in urine is more
      useful than assays of fragments D and E as a corroborative index of transplant
      rejection.

PMID- 369660
TI  - Physical therapy in chronic bronchitis.

PMID- 369661
TI  - Neurotensin: a neuronal pathway projecting from amygdala through stria
      terminalis.

PMID- 369662
TI  - Localization and molecular heterogeneity of cholecystokinin in the central and
      peripheral nervous system.
AB  - Immunocytochemistry and radioimmunochemistry demonstrate the occurrence of the
      gastrointestinal hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) in both the central and peripheral
      nervous system of the guinea pig. CCK nerves are particularly numerous in the
      neocortex, the hippocampus, the amygdaloid nuclei, the hypothalamus, the spinal
      cord and in the colon. The nerves contain 5 molecular components of CCK, with gel
      chromatographical elution constants (Kav) of 0.05, 0.50, 0.90, 1.10 and 1.30,
      respectively. The four latter correspond to triacontatriapeptide CCK and its COOH
      terminal dodeca-, octa- and tetrapeptide portions, respectively. Cholecystokinins
      are hence widely distributed in the nervous system and occur in the substantial
      quantities (greater than or equal to 0.2 nmol CCK-8-equiv./g) in several distinct
      regions.

PMID- 369663
TI  - Salmonella investigation in an Ontario feed mill.
AB  - The frequency of Salmonella contamination of feedstuffs and finished broiler
      chicken feeds at an Ontario feed mill were investigated over a four-month period.
      Samples of feed ingredients and finished pelleted feeds were collected at various
      points during manufacture and cultured in trypticase soy broth prior to selective
      enrichment for isolation of Salmonella. Salmonella contamination was found in
      4.3% of 93 finished pelleted broiler feeds examined. The contamination appeared
      to result primarily from the incorporation of contaminated animal protein
      ingredients into the feed. Meatmeal and the broiler, premix, which contained
      meatmeal as a filler, were most frequently contaminated followed by feather meal.
      Pelleting failed to eliminate the Salmonellae from the feeds. The methods used
      failed to detect Salmonella in the environment of the feed mill or its delivery
      trucks. Recommendations for control are made.

PMID- 369664
TI  - An indirect fluorescent antibody test for the detection of Cytauxzoon-like
      organisms in experimentally infected cats.
AB  - Antiserum to feline Cytauxzoon-like parasites was used in conjunction with
      labeled rabbit antisera to feline globulins to detect the presence of Cytauxzoon
      like parasites in spleens of experimentally infected cats. Frozen spleen sections
      from 21 infected cats showed positively fluorescing masses within splenic veins
      and a diffuse scattering of discretely fluorescing cells in the red and white
      pulp. The distribution of fluorescence corresponded with the appearance of
      parasitized reticuloendothelial cells in histological preparations of spleen
      tissue. This indirect fluorescent antibody test consistently detected the
      presence of Cytauxzoon-like parasites in frozen spleen sections from
      experimentally infected cats.

PMID- 369666
TI  - A corneal model for studying the interaction between the endothelium and
      sensitized lymphocytes.
AB  - We wished to develop a simple model for morphological studies on the interaction
      between the corneal endothelium and specifically sensitized lymphocytes. Rabbits
      were transplanted with orthotopic allogeneic skin or corneal grafts. After the
      onset of the transplantation reaction, lymphoid cells from the recipient's spleen
      or preauricular lymph nodes were harvested and placed on the endothelial surfaces
      of the donor and recipient corneas which were incubated in tissue culture medium
      at 37 degree C for 4 hours before being examined by vital staining or scanning
      electron microscopy. Compared to the recipient, the donor endothelium contained
      more lymphoid cell aggregates and more corneal cells were damaged. The in vitro
      model seemed suitable for studying the cytotoxic behaviour of sensitized
      lymphocytes confronting the corneal endothelium.

PMID- 369665
TI  - An indirect fluorescent antibody test for antibodies to transmissible
      gastroenteritis of swine.
AB  - The indirect fluorescent antibody test was modified to provide a rapid technique
      for the detection, screening and titration of antibodies to transmissible
      gastroenteritis of pigs. Large numbers of slides containing transmissible
      gastroenteritis antigen were prepared by planting mixtures of infected and
      uninfected swine testicular cells onto multiwelled teflon-coated slides. After
      overnight incubation, about one-half of the cells in each well were infected
      which provided contrast to aid in detecting specific fluorescence in the presence
      of varying degrees of background staining. Following fixation, antigen slides
      were stored at -20 degrees C until used. The indirect fluorescent antibody test
      was compared to the virus neutralization test in both the screening and titration
      of swine sera containing transmissible gastroenteritis antibodies. The test was
      found to be sensitive and reliable and to offer certain advantages over the virus
      neutralization test.

PMID- 369667
TI  - Dr. Samuel T. Adams.

PMID- 369668
TI  - Further taxonomic characterization of the genus Bdellovibrio.
AB  - Cultures of Bdellovibrio isolated from different geographic locations have been
      studied in terms of deoxyribonucleic acid analysis (% G + C, genome size, and DNA
      hybridization), cytochrome spectrum, and host range. Isolates of the genus
      exhibit a broad range of % G + C ranging from 37 to 51% and the genome sizes
      extend from 1300 x 10(6) to 1700 x 10(6) daltons. DNA hybridization continues to
      reveal a high level of genetic heterogeneity. Bdellovibrio 3294 exhibits 32%
      relative reassociation to Bdellovibrio W, 37% to Bdellovibrio stolpii Uki2, and
      an undetectible level to Bdellovibrio starrii A3.12 Bdellovibrio W is 23% related
      to B. starri A3.12 and 28.5% to B. stolpii Uki2. For the first time differential
      absorption techniques have revealed peaks of cytochrome b. The analysis of the
      cytochrome spectrum seems to be limited as a taxonomic tool since most of the
      recent isolates studied share a common cytochrome spectrum. Host-range studies
      have been found to be dependent on the experimental conditions, and with the
      exception of one isolate (B. starrii A3.12) the taxonomic significance of such
      techniques must be taken with caution.

PMID- 369669
TI  - Goose quills and burr holes.

PMID- 369670
TI  - Pseudotumor cerebri.
AB  - Pseudotumor cerebri is a clinical syndrome in which signs and, sometimes,
      symptoms of raised intracranial pressure are present but in which mental and
      neurological function are unaffected. Therefore, the diagnosis is reached after
      mass and other structural causes of raised pressure have been excluded. Many
      causes of pseudotumor have been suggested, not all of them well documented.
      Pathogenesis, however, includes cerebral edema, increased cerebral blood volume,
      and decreased cerebro spinal fluid (CSF) absorption. Except for the risk of
      vision in a minority of cases, the prognosis is excellent.

PMID- 369672
TI  - [Dr. Albiny PaQuette, 1st minister of health in Quebec].

PMID- 369671
TI  - Fibrosing alveolitis.
AB  - Fibrosing alveolitis is a disease of unknown cause mainly involving the gas
      exchanging portions of the lungs. It may occur in isolation and be called
      cryptogenic or idiopathic, in which case the clinical manifestations are mainly
      respiratory, or it may be associated with other disorders, such as rheumatoid
      arthritis. The histopathologic abnormalities of the pulmonary tissue are
      identical in either instance. Other names used for the disease have included
      usual interstitial pneumonia, desquamative interstitial pneumonia and the Hamman
      Rich syndrome; these terms may describe different stages of the same pathologic
      process. Many authors in North America and those in the United Kingdom favour the
      term fibrosing alveolitis when describing chronic interstitial pneumonias. There
      may be accompanying nonspecific Immunologic abnormalities, which may denote that
      fibrosing alveolitis is part of the wide spectrum of diseases known as connective
      tissue disorders. Recently immune complexes have been found in the lung
      parenchyma; they probably result in the granulocyte destruction and
      reticuloendothelial proliferation seen in the acute phase of the disease.There
      are no specific diagnostic tests for the disease apart from lung biopsy, which
      can be performed at the time of thoracotomy or transbronchially, with the use of
      a flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope. Lavaged cells from the alveoli have also been
      obtained via the bronchoscope; in persons with fibrosing alveolitis a high
      proportion of these cells are neutrophils, and after corticosteroid treatment the
      proportion decreases. The progress of the disease can be followed by examination
      of these washings as well as by lung scanning with gallium-67 citrate. Newer
      methods of treatment using combinations of corticosteroids and immunosuppressant
      drugs are being evaluated and are initially proving to be successful.

PMID- 369674
TI  - The saga of smallpox eradication: an end and a beginning.

PMID- 369675
TI  - Histiocytic lymphoma of the ileocecal region after chemotherapy for multiple
      myeloma.
AB  - Histiocytic lymphoma of the ileocecal region developed in a patient with multiple
      myeloma following successful long-term alkylating agent therapy. Five and one
      half years after the diagnosis of myeloma, while in remission on cyclophosphamide
      therapy, the patient experienced severe abdominal right lower quadrant pain due
      to a large cecal lymphoma. A right hemicolectomy was performed with relief of
      symptoms. However, 9 months later, while still asymptomatic, routine physical
      examination revealed a recurrent right lower quadrant tumor. Radiation therapy
      decreased the size of the mass, but five months later partial small bowel
      obstruction occurred because of recurrent lymphomatous infiltration. The patient
      died 7 years after the diagnosis of myeloma with extensive abdominal lymphoma.
      There was no evidence of recurrent myeloma after the initial remission on
      cyclophosphamide therapy. This patient adds to the growing literature of a second
      malignancy occurring after prolonged successful chemotherapy of a primary
      neoplasm.

PMID- 369673
TI  - Self-recording of blood pressure in the management of hypertension.
AB  - The efficacy of self-recording of blood pressure in the management of
      hypertension was assessed in a randomized clinical trial involving 140 persons
      who had been receiving antihypertensive therapy for a year or more, but whose
      diastolic blood pressure had remained at 95 mm Hg or higher. To control for the
      increased attention implicit in self-recording, which might affect blood
      pressure, the patients were assigned at random to one of the four groups: self
      recording and monthly home visits, self-recording only, monthly home visits only,
      and neither self-recording nor monthly home visits. This design also permitted
      assessment of the effect of home visits. During the 6-month experiment no
      significant differences were apparent between the groups in either compliance or
      diastolic blood pressure. However, both self-recording and monthly home visits
      produced a reduction in blood pressure among patients who admitted to difficulty
      remembering to take their pills; a reduction was not seen among patients who said
      they had no such difficulty. This confirmed an earlier observation suggesting
      that this easily identified group of patients may be the most responsive to
      intervention programs.

PMID- 369676
TI  - Alternating chemotherapy and irradiation in the treatment of advanced Hodgkin's
      disease.

PMID- 369677
TI  - Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group experience with the rappaport classification
      of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
AB  - Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group experience in the clinical application of the
      Rappaport Classification on Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) is reviewed in 670
      cases studied since 1972. The diagnoses of institutional pathologists were
      reviewed by the Pathology Panel and Repository Center for Lymphoma Clinical
      Studies. Diagnostic agreement in regard to histologic pattern (nodular versus
      diffuse) was excellent (90%) but was less favorable when concurrence as to both
      pattern and cell type was assessed (82% in NLDP and 60% or less in other
      subtypes). Disagreement in regard to NHL diagnosis is related to the complexity
      of present nomenclature and to the lack of support of pathology activities within
      cooperative groups. It is suggested that patients entered into group NHL studies
      be randomized into favorable and unfavorable groups, primarily on the basis of
      histological pattern.

PMID- 369678
TI  - Nonepithelial tumors of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx: a
      clinicopathologic study. X. Malignant lymphomas.
AB  - In our series of 256 nonepithelial tumors involving the nasal cavity, paranasal
      sinuses and nasopharynx, 21 were apparently primary malignant lymphomas,
      including 17 ordinary lymphomas and 4 cases of "midline malignant reticulosis."
      Of the 15 patients who had ordinary lymphomas and had adequate follow-up, 8 died
      of lymphoma, 4 were living with disseminated disease, 1 died of other causes with
      persistent lymphoma and only 2 (13%) had no evidence of recurrence at 8 and 9
      years after diagnosis. The tumor was controlled in its primary site by
      radiotherapy in 13 of 14 patients; however, all but 2 of these patients
      eventually developed disseminated disease. Of the 3 patients who had midline
      malignant reticulosis (MMR) and had adequate follow-up, all died of disease. MMR
      represents an unusual variant of malignant lymphoma and often produces the
      clinical picture of lethal midline granuloma.

PMID- 369679
TI  - Leukocyte adherence inhibition response in tumor-free rats.

PMID- 369680
TI  - Phase I study of thymidine plus 5-fluorouracil infusions in advanced colorectal
      carcinoma.
AB  - In order to determine the minimal toxic dose of a 5-day infusion of 5
      fluorouracil (5--FU) in combination with an infusion of thymidine (TdR), 12
      patients, received TdR at a dose of 8 g/m2/day for 5 1/2 days, beginning at the
      same time as a 5-day infusion of 5-FU at doses of 5--20 mg/kg/day.
      Myelosuppression was the dose-limiting toxicity, and the minimal toxic dose of 5-
      FU was found to be 7.5 mg/kg/day. Gastrointestinal toxicity was minimal to
      absent. In eight patients with carcinoma of the colon who had received no prior
      chemotherapy, there were two patients with partial responses (at doses of 5.0 and
      7.5 mg/kg/day of 5--FU), two patients with stable disease, one patient with
      progressive disease, and three patients with early death (two drug-related deaths
      and one disease-related death). In four patients who had received prior 5--FU,
      one had stable disease, one had progressive disease, and two had early death (one
      drug-related death). We conclude that the addition of TdR to 5--FU infusions
      changes the dose-limiting toxicity from gastrointestinal toxicity to
      myelosuppression. The minimal toxic dose is decreased to approximately one third
      of that when 5--FU is administered alone.

PMID- 369681
TI  - Phase II study of ICRF-159 in refractory metastatic breast cancer.
AB  - ICRF-159, at a dose of 300 mg/m2, was given orally every 8 hours for nine doses
      every 21 days to 40 patients with metastatic breast cancer refractory to hormonal
      therapy and cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and adriamycin
      chemotherapy. Two patients with soft tissue disease had short-lived partial
      responses. The hematologic toxicity was severe. Three patients required rbc
      transfusions. Four patients became septic at the nadir of leukopenia; two of
      these patients died while leukopenic. Two patients had platelet counts less than
      25,000/mm3. All patients who were nonevaluable or who had life-threatening or
      lethal toxicity were nonambulatory. Since the 19 nonambulatory patients had a
      median survival of only 1.25 months as compared to 7 months in ambulatory
      patients, it is recommended that future phase II trials in chemotherapy
      refractory breast cancer be limited to ambulatory patients. Although ICRF-159 has
      minimal antineoplastic effects, it is not recommended for further investigations
      in metastatic breast cancer, even at more hematologically tolerable doses of 250
      mg/m2 every 8 hours for nine doses.

PMID- 369682
TI  - Ifosfamide versus cyclophosphamide in combination drug therapy for metastatic
      breast cancer.
AB  - A combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide (FAC)
      was compared to a combination of 5-FU, adriamycin, and ifosfamide (FAI) in the
      treatment of metastatic breast cancer. All patients in the FAC and FAI groups
      also received nonspecific immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and
      levamisole. Of 117 evaluable FAC patients, 19 (16%) achieved complete remission
      and 66 (56%) achieved partial remission. In the FAI group, eight of 49 (16%)
      evaluable patients achieved complete remission and 24 (50%) achieved partial
      remission. The response rates, durations of remission, and survival were similar
      in both groups. The combination of two immunotherapeutic agents (BCG and
      levamisole) did not have an additive effect since their results were similar to
      our previous experience with FAC-BCG and FAC-levamisole. In the FAI group, 25% of
      the patients had hematuria, while none of the patients in the FAC group had
      urinary complications. Nausea and vomiting were more severe in FAI-treated
      patients and some patients required iv fluids to correct dehydration. Ifosfamide
      in combination with 5-FU and adriamycin was more toxic than and not superior to
      cyclophosphamide.

PMID- 369683
TI  - Adriamycin: comparison of a 5-week schedule with a 3-week schedule in the
      treatment of breast cancer.

PMID- 369684
TI  - Limited activity of ICRF-159 in advanced acute leukemia.
AB  - Twenty-eight patients with advanced acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, 16 with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia, and two with acute undifferentiated leukemia were treated
      with ICRF-159. No patient achieved a complete remission and only three patients
      (6%) achieved a partial bone marrow remission. The only significant toxic effect
      was myelosuppression which probably contributed to the death of six patients.
      Five patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and one with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia received a combination of ICRF-159 and low-dose cytosine arabinoside.
      There were no remissions in this group and the toxic effects were more marked
      than with ICRF-159 alone. This study confirms the limited activity of ICRF-159 as
      a single agent in acute leukemia demonstrated in smaller series, and shows that,
      when used in combination with low-dose cytosine arabinoside, it was ineffective
      and resulted in increased toxicity. ICRF-159 alone or in combination with
      cytosine arabinoside has very limited activity in advanced adult acute leukemia.

PMID- 369685
TI  - Rubidazone in metastatic breast cancer.

PMID- 369686
TI  - Phase II evaluation of pyrazofurin in patients with advanced colorectal
      carcinoma.

PMID- 369687
TI  - Phase II study of high-dose methotrexate in patients with advanced malignant
      melanoma.

PMID- 369689
TI  - Nonresponsiveness of brain tumors to VM-26 therapy in children.

PMID- 369688
TI  - Phase II study of nafoxidine in the therapy for advanced renal carcinoma.

PMID- 369690
TI  - Combination 6-mercaptopurine and 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside in the treatment
      of adult acute leukemia: a Southwest Oncology Group study.

PMID- 369691
TI  - Phase II trial of adriamycin in the treatment of advanced or recurrent
      endometrial carcinoma: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study.
AB  - Forty-three patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma no longer
      amenable to management with surgery or radiotherapy were treated with adriamycin.
      Sixteen of the 43 patients demonstrated objective response to drug therapy with a
      greater than or equal to 50% reduction in the size of measurable disease. There
      were 11 complete responses among these 16 responders. Responders had a
      significantly better survival than nonresponders (P less than 0.05). Initial
      performance status was the only factor of demonstrable prognostic significance.
      Toxicity was similar to that observed in other phase II trials of adriamycin.
      Adriamycin, based on these data, is an active agent in the treatment of advanced
      or recurrent endometrial carcinoma.

PMID- 369692
TI  - cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II), adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, CCNU, and
      vincristine in non-small cell lung carcinoma: a preliminary report.

PMID- 369694
TI  - Phase I evaluation of piperazinedione in patients with advanced cancer.
AB  - The effects of iv administered piperazinedione were studied in 28 evaluable adult
      and eight evaluable pediatric patients with advanced cancer. Piperazinedione
      produced predictable myelosuppression of moderate degree at dosages of 3--3.5
      mg/m2/day X 5 days by iv injection. When given in this manner, nausea and
      vomiting did not occur. Single iv doses of 10--15 mg/m2 produced mild-to-moderate
      nausea and vomiting and mild myelosuppression. Thrombocytopenia was more severe
      than leukopenia in both schedules. The drug produced comparable dose-related
      effects in adults and children. Although no therapeutic response was observed in
      the adults, a partial remission of 6 months' duration was seen in one child with
      Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 369693
TI  - VM-26, a new anticancer drug with effectiveness in malignant lymphoma: an Eastern
      Cooperative Oncology Group Study (EST 1474).
AB  - Thirty-six patients with stage III and IV Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma, who had become refractory to conventional chemotherapy, were treated
      with VM-26. Complete remissions were documented in two patients with diffuse
      histiocytic lymphoma. Six patients (four with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and two
      with Hodgkin's disease) had partial remissions. The overall response rate was 22%
      (eight of 36 patients). Hematologic toxicity was the most frequent dose-limiting
      toxicity. Nonhematologic toxic effects were mild and acceptable. This study
      demonstrates that VM-26 can produce tumor responses in refractory lymphomas. The
      Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group is currently planning two new phase II studies
      to incorporate VM-26 with other active new agents, one involving
      hexamethylmelamine and the other involving cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II).

PMID- 369695
TI  - Phase II study with sequential L-asparaginase and methotrexate in advanced
      refractory breast cancer.
AB  - The combination of sequential L-asparaginase and methotrexate (MTX) was evaluated
      in 33 patients with advanced refractory breast cancer. There were nine partial
      responses and one complete response, giving an overall response rate of 30% and a
      median duration of response of 8 months. Five of 17 patients (28%) who had
      received prior MTX at doses of less than 50 mg/m2 responded. Toxicity was
      acceptable. Moderate-to-severe stomatitis occurred in most patients and was the
      dose-limiting factor. Myelosuppression was minimal until the dose of MTX was
      escalated to greater than or equal to 180 mg/m2. The maximum tolerated dose of
      MTX was 280 mg/m2 and the median toxic dose was 220 mg/m2. These data indicate a
      selective "rescue" from MTX damage to normal target tissue by L-asparaginase. The
      antitumor effect observed even in patients who had been previously exposed to
      conventional doses of MTX suggests a possible improved therapeutic index of MTX
      given sequentially with L-asparaginase in this combination.

PMID- 369696
TI  - Right aortic arch, right patent ductus arteriosus, and mirror-image branching of
      the brachiocephalic vessels.
AB  - Two patients with a right aortic arch, right patent ductus arteriosus, and mirror
      image branching of the brachiocephalic vessels are described. The clinical,
      angiographic, and surgical findings in these two cases are detailed, and a
      description of the embryologic basis for these anomalies is given.

PMID- 369697
TI  - A 3-year clinical trial of calcium carbonate dentifrice containing calcium
      glycerophosphate and sodium monofluorophosphate.

PMID- 369698
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Professor Ladislav Papez, D.Sc].

PMID- 369700
TI  - Delay of cell cycle progression after X-irradiation of synchronized populations
      of human cells (NHIK 3025) in culture.
AB  - The effect of X-irradiation on the cell cycle progression of synchronized
      populations of the human cell line NHIK 3025 has been studied in terms of the
      radiation-induced delay of DNA replication and cell division. Results were
      obtained by flow cytometric measurement of histograms of cellular DNA content and
      parallel use of conventional methods for cell cycle analysis, such as pulse
      labelling with [3H]thymidine and counting of cell numbers. The two sets of
      methods were generally in good agreement, but the advantages of employing two
      independent techniques are pointed out. Irradiation was found to have a minor
      influence on DNA replication. As compared with unirradiated populations, half
      completed DNA replication was 20--30 min delayed in populations 580 rad in mid-G1
      or 290 rad in early S. Cell cycle progression was markedly delayed in G2. The
      sensitivity induction of this delay was 0.6 min/rad for populations irradiated in
      mid-G1, and 1.4 min/rad for populations irradiated in early S.

PMID- 369699
TI  - Flow cytometric cell cycle analysis using the quenching of 33258 Hoechst
      fluorescence by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation.
AB  - Cultures of L cells were grown in medium containing 2.0 mg/l bromodeoxyuridine
      (BUdR) and stained with the fluorescent dye 33258 Hoechst for flow cytometric
      analysis. During exposure to BUdR, The cells replace thymidine by BUdR in the
      newly synthesized DNA. The new DNA is not stainable with 33258 Hoechst, which is
      highly specific for thymidine. The temporal development of the fluorescence
      distributions after addition of BUdR to the growth medium has been investigated
      in the flow cytometer, and the data were used to calculate the mean durations of
      the phases G1, S and G2 + M in exponentially growing cultures as well as the
      cycle transit times in synchronized cultures. The percentage of non-cycling cells
      was determined in each experiment.

PMID- 369701
TI  - Gerald Christopher Arden Jackson.

PMID- 369702
TI  - The HPRT locus.

PMID- 369703
TI  - In vitro transcripts from the rrn B ribosomal RNA cistron originate from two
      tandem promoters.
AB  - The functional structure of the promoter region of a bacterial ribosomal operon
      is analyzed by in vitro transcription of linear DNA fragments derived from the
      hybrid Col EI plasmid pGG1. This plasmid contains the promoter region of the rrn
      B ribosomal cistron present in the lambdarifd18. When transcripts arising from
      this promoter region are terminated by restriction endonuclease cleavage of DNA,
      two RNA chains are resolved by gel electrophoresis that differ in length by about
      100 bases. Evidence is presented indicating that these two transcripts arise from
      different initiation sites, each directing tandem transcription on the sense
      strand of the early portion of the ribosomal cistron.

PMID- 369704
TI  - Mu insertion duplicates a 5 base pair sequence at the host inserted site.
AB  - Nucleotide sequences were analyzed across the two ends of lysogenic Mu DNA. These
      ends were cloned separately in lambdapMu hybrid particles that derived from a
      single Mu lysogen in the lac Z part of lambdaplac5. The obtained data imply that
      Mu lysogenization was associated with the duplication of 5 base pairs present in
      lac DNA at the Mu insertion site. As a result of this duplication, Mu DNA is
      flanked by two copies of five identical base pairs oriented as direct repeats. A
      similar conclusion has been obtained independently by other investigators with
      the use of a different Mu lysogen (D. Kamp and R. Kahmann, personal
      communication). Thus Mu insertion seems to have a striking similarity to typical
      IS-mediated insertions that were found to be associated with a short DNA
      duplication at the target site.

PMID- 369705
TI  - Antibodies against chromosomal HMG proteins stain the cytoplasm of mammalian
      cells.
AB  - Antibodies specific to protein HMG-1 were purified by affinity chromatography on
      Sepharose columns to which HMG-1 was covalently bound. Immunofluorescence studies
      with these antibodies reveal that HMG-1 or components which immunologically cross
      react with HMG-1 are present in the cytoplasm of Chinese hamster V-79, rat liver
      TR-12 and bovine trachea EBTr-NBL-4 cells. At selected antibody concentrations,
      the fluorescence present in the cytoplasm is more intense than that observed in
      the nucleus. The presence of HMG-1 protein in the cytoplasm of rat liver cells
      was verified by direct examination of the protein content of selected cytoplasmic
      fractions. A protein with electrophoretic mobility identical to HMG-1 was
      detected by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels containing either sodium
      dodecylsulfate or urea. Furthermore, the cytoplasmic extracts yielded a positive
      complement fixation with anti-HMG-1, while no reaction was obtained with control
      anti-H1 sera. We suggest that HMG protins, rather than functioning in the nucleus
      alone, are important structural elements of the entire cell.

PMID- 369706
TI  - Length-independent separation of DNA restriction fragments in two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis.
AB  - When double helical DNA is exposed to conditions favoring partial melting in
      polyacrylamide gels, its electrophoretic mobility undergoes a sharp cooperative
      transition, resulting in a large reduction in mobility. In the present
      experiments, where the transition is effected at a uniform temperature of 60
      degrees C in a concentration gradient of a urea-formamide mixture, each Eco RI
      fragment of lambda or E. coli DNA exhibits the mobility transition at a
      characteristic concentration of the denaturant. The sudden retardation of
      fragments moving toward higher denaturant concentration in the gradient results
      in a pattern of sharpened zones in order depending upon nucleotide sequence,
      rather than size, and only very slightly dependent upon the time after the last
      fragment has been retarded. When combined with length-dependent electrophoresis
      in agarose in the perpendicular direction, this system provides a two-dimensional
      separation of fragments. The resolving power of the system is demonstrated by the
      clear resolution of over 250 fragments of the Eco RI digest of E. coli DNA.
      Corresponding fragments from an isogenic lambda lysogen of E. coli are found in
      the same positions, and additional fragments unique to the lysogen are evident.

PMID- 369707
TI  - The participation of alpha-actinin in the capping of cell membrane components.
AB  - By means of double fluorescence staining experiments, intracellular alpha-actinin
      was found to accumulate under caps and patches induced in several cells by a
      variety of ligands. This phenomenon was demonstrated in lymphocytes and lymphoma
      cells treated with anti-H-2 sera; spleen lymphocytes treated with concanavalin A
      or anti-immunoglobulin antibodies, and VSV-infected mouse fibroblast line MC57
      treated with antiserum against viral antigens. It occurred during both rapid and
      slow capping processes, and could be obtained by either direct or indirect ligand
      induced redistribution. These observations were carried out on whole cells. For
      other cytoskeletal proteins such as filamin, tropomyosin and myosin, a similar
      accumulation under caps was not readily apparent using whole cell mounts,
      although earlier experiments with frozen-sectioned cells had shown such an
      enrichment of myosin (as well as actin). The enrichment of alpha-actinin under
      the clustered surface molecules was already apparent in early stages (patching)
      of the capping process, with or without 10 mM sodium azide present. Prolonged
      incubation of the cells with the different ligands resulted in endocytosis of the
      ligand-receptor complex. alpha-Actinin was not associated with the inernalized
      complex, however, suggesting that it may dissociate from the patched or capped
      surface structures at some stage during endocytosis.

PMID- 369709
TI  - Gene cloning in cell biology.

PMID- 369708
TI  - Constitutive synthesis of the GAL4 protein, a galactose pathway regulator in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 369710
TI  - [The 50th anniversary of Professor Milan Chalabala, C.Sc].

PMID- 369711
TI  - [A significant anniversary of Assistant Professor Ivo Hais, C.Sc].

PMID- 369712
TI  - [The 70th anniversary of Dr. V. Brejcha].

PMID- 369713
TI  - [Modification of serum lipid values and of the neurovegetative equilibrium in
      subjects under mazindol therapy].

PMID- 369714
TI  - [Genetics in gastroenterology (author's transl)].

PMID- 369715
TI  - [Development of the physiology of physical exercises].

PMID- 369717
TI  - [In memoriam: Michail Iakovlevich Michelson, 1912-1978].

PMID- 369716
TI  - [Aging. Processes at the molecular level].

PMID- 369718
TI  - [Causes of deafness 20 years ago and today].

PMID- 369719
TI  - [Syndromes due to heterochromosome aberrations].

PMID- 369720
TI  - [Comparative morphological study of dental enamel in recent and fossilized human
      and ursine teeth].

PMID- 369722
TI  - [Management of orbital fractures within fractures of the central third of the
      skull. (Comprehensive review)].

PMID- 369721
TI  - [Manifestations of aging on the salivary glands with reference to oncocytes].

PMID- 369723
TI  - [The 65th anniversary of Professor Juraj Halmos, D.Sc].

PMID- 369724
TI  - [History of Czech social medicine].

PMID- 369725
TI  - [The 75th anniversary of Miloslav Roch, M.D].

PMID- 369726
TI  - [Eulogy for Georges Senevet 1891-1973].

PMID- 369727
TI  - [The role of interhuman contacts in the transmission of cholera, epidemics of
      1832 and 1854].
AB  - By mapping the evidence of excess mortality month by month for cholera epidemics
      of 1832 and 1854, which were the most deadly and most typical of their kind in
      France, the authors are able to provide a kinetic description of the propagation
      of the Asian disease throughout the whole of France. Traditionally it has been
      assumed that hydric anademia explains, for the most part, the paths taken by the
      disease and its varying intensity, but the importance of direct interhuman
      contamination is demonstrated by the similitude between the ways gone along by
      the propagation and these of the circulation of men and goods. The evolution in
      the structure and volume of commercial exchanges in the first half of the
      nineteenth century in France, may account for the fact new areas of propagation
      of disease appeared in 1854, pointing to an increase in mobility and the opening
      up of entire regions to trade. Nevertheless, the example of migrants from Paris
      to Gueret seems to show that the part of "healthy germ-carriers" in the
      contamination is very slight.

PMID- 369728
TI  - The activity of chloroquine against plasmodium falciparum in Bandar Abbas,
      Southern Iran, 1976.
AB  - Study to monitor the susceptibility of P. falciparum to chloroquine in south Iran
      was conducted in Bandar Abbas. Forty-five falciparum malaria subjects who had
      received 25mg. chloroquine base per kg. body weight over 3 days were followed up
      for 4 weeks, while three other patients for a period of 1-3 weeks. No
      recrudescence could be confirmed among the subjects during the follow up of the
      study. The mean time of asexual parasites clearance was 2.15 days. The action of
      chloroquine against the asexual form of P. falciparum in the present study was
      suspected to be slower as compared with those observed in the previous studies.
      However, both in vivo and limited study using the in vitro technique showed that
      the response of P. falciparum asexual parasites to chloroquine was still
      satisfactory. The study supports previous findings in Ethiopia that acquired
      immunity malaria had no significant effect on the asexual parasite clearance
      time.

PMID- 369729
TI  - [Toxoplasmosis in Eastern Gabon. Results of a serologic survey].
AB  - 1,448 sera taken from individuals of various places of South-Eastern Gabon have
      been studied by means of indirect immunofluorescence and Fulton direct
      agglutination associated with 2-mercapto-ethanol test, 52.6% contained
      antitoxiplasmic antibodies. This study showed that toxoplasmic infection occurs
      early in both sexes, that it is more frequent in men (57.9%) than in women
      (45.4%), that the Ogooue-Lolo province is more contaminated (62.6%) than the High
      Ogooue province (49.6%). It seems that prevalence differences are less dependent
      upon the telluric elimate than upon other factors, which remain to find.

PMID- 369730
TI  - [A critical study of immuno-enzymatic reactions coupled with the precipitation
      tests on cellulose acetate membranes].
AB  - Precipitating tests carried out on cellulose acetate membrane can be increased by
      treating the immune complexes with enzyme linked anti-immunoglobulin antibodies.
      From our trials in parastic diseases (Amoebiasis, schistosomiasis, fasciolasis,
      filariasis, hydatidosis, trichinosis) and mycosis (Aspergillosis, Candidiasis),
      it seems that the immuno-enzymatic labelling of the "active" precipitating
      reactions should only be taken in consideration. We must insit on the importance
      of ELIEDA (enzyme-linked-immuno-electrodiffusion-assay) and ELIDEPA (enzyme
      linked-immuno-double-electro-phoresis-assay). Both of these analytical assays are
      particularly sensitive. The sequence of appearance of the multiple precipitating
      systems of the complex parasitic mosaic can easily be watched. The different
      classes of immunoglobulins and their kinetics are determined by the use of
      monospecific antibodies linked to different enzymes which give a polychromic
      specific staining.

PMID- 369731
TI  - [Eulogy for Albert, Louis, Marie Dubois (Feb. 2, 1889 - Aug. 19, 1977)].

PMID- 369732
TI  - [Malaria caused by accidental inoculation. 1 case].
AB  - The authors report a case of direct infection of a nurse who had taken blood
      sample from a young patient suffering from malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum.
      Six similar observations have been reported in the literature. In addition,
      accidental infection has been observed following the use of non sterile syringes.
      As a result, malaria could be an unexpected consequence of the drug habit.

PMID- 369733
TI  - [A simple technique for making immunofluorescence slides].

PMID- 369734
TI  - The mechanism of closure of the mitral valve: a continuing controversy.

PMID- 369735
TI  - Flunisolide--a new intranasal steroid for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
AB  - A double-blind, cross-over comparison of flunisolide nasal spray and its inactive
      aqueous vehicle has been carried out in fifty patients suffering from perennial
      allergic rhinitis. Patients were randomly allocated to two groups; the first
      group (group I) received flunisolide for 3 weeks and then placebo for 3 weeks
      while the regimes were given in the reverse order to the second group (group II).
      Patients used two insufflations of 0.1 ml in each nostril twice daily. As the
      active spray was presented as a 0.025% solution of flunisolide, the total daily
      dosage was 200 microgram. Patients were assessed on admission and at the end of
      each 3 week period. The results show flunisolide to be significantly superior to
      placebo in relieving sneezing, nasal obstruction and postnasal drip, as well as
      improving the quality of sleep and everday life. At the end of the trial the
      preferences for treatment recorded by both doctors and patients were
      significantly in favour of the flunisolide spray. Side effects were minor and
      occurred during both placebo and active phases of the trial. A short Synacthen
      test performed at each visit showed no evidence of adrenal suppression.

PMID- 369736
TI  - Another look at Daggett's 1948 tympanoplasty.
AB  - It is important that we look critically at the results of conservative
      tympanoplasty in the presence of cholesteatoma. Lessons and observations taught
      many years ago by earlier otologists may give us valuable leads. A method of
      conservative surgery for chronic suppurative ear disease devised by Dr William
      Daggett in London in the late 1940s is described and evaluated in the light of
      current technical expertise.

PMID- 369737
TI  - Reconstruction after pharyngolaryngo-oesophagectomy using delto-pectoral flap.
AB  - Fifty patients with hypopharyngeal cancer treated with total pharyngolaryngectomy
      and staged reconstruction using delto-pectoral flaps in the years from 1967-1976
      were studied. The main complications were fistulae and stricture formation; these
      are described. The hospital mortality was low, and postoperative deaths only
      occurred in previously irradiated patients. The crude 5-year survival was 35%.

PMID- 369738
TI  - Otorhinological aspects of craniometaphyseal dysplasia.

PMID- 369739
TI  - E. G. Collins MB, ChB, FRCS.

PMID- 369740
TI  - Gavin Young MC, MB, ChB, FRCS.

PMID- 369741
TI  - The influence of liver diseases on drug disposition.

PMID- 369743
TI  - Supplemental nutrition and digestive disease.
AB  - Nutrition is an antegral part of medical management and patient care. The goal of
      nutritional therapy is to provide nutrients in form and amount appropriate to
      patients' needs. Dietary modification and application of available nutritional
      supplements in digestive disorders should be based upon an appreciation of the
      fundamental pathophysiological derangements and tailored to restore optimal
      gastrointestinal function.

PMID- 369742
TI  - Gallstone dissolution--a progress report.
AB  - Cholesterol gallstone formation occurs in three stages. First, the bile must be
      saturated with cholesterol, thereby allowing cholesterol crystals to form. Then,
      nucleation and growth of the gallstone can occur, although little is known about
      these latter two stages. Therapy for dissolution of gallstones is directed at
      desaturating the bile. Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), the most extensively tested
      agent, is successful in dissolving 60 per cent of radiolucent gallstones;
      however, long-term safety remains to be demonstrated. Ursodeoxycholic acid
      (UDCA), the 7 beta epimer of CDCA, is a promising agent for cholesterol gallstone
      dissolution, but it, other potential agents, and dietary manipulations require
      more extensive study. An important problem, the prevention of recurrence of
      gallstones after dissolution, also needs resolution. Medical dissolution probably
      will be applicable as an alternative to cholecystectomy for most patients with
      radiolucent gallstones, but the specific relative indications remain to be
      determined. A variety of modalities, both medical and surgical, are being used
      for the treatment of retained or reformed bile duct stones. These include T-tube
      infusions, oral CDCA, and extraction either through the T-tube tract or after
      endoscopic papillotomy. Further studies, including controlled trials, are
      necessary to determine the relative indications for these methods.

PMID- 369744
TI  - Antidiarrhoeal agents and laxatives: changing concepts.
AB  - Recognition that altered intestinal electrolyte transport (decreased absorption
      and/or increased secretion) is a primary factor in many types of diarrhoea is
      shaping the search for new types of antidiarrhoeal agents; it also supports
      continuing interest in the time-honoured but still largely unproved adsorbents.
      Recognition that altered intestinal electrolyte transport is also a primary
      effect of certain of the laxatives is of less immediate practical significance,
      because of the appropriate emphasis on dietary fibre and other nonpharmacological
      measures for prevention and correction of functional constipation. However,
      interest in the laxatives and their mechanisms of action will probably be
      directed to unanswered problems in bowel motility and the pathogenesis of
      constipation, which could subsequently modify use of the laxatives.

PMID- 369745
TI  - Drug therapy of acute pancreatitis.

PMID- 369746
TI  - Control of lower oesophageal sphincter pressure and acid reflux.

PMID- 369748
TI  - Treatment of inflammatory and metal storage diseases of the liver.

PMID- 369747
TI  - The pharmacology of peptic ulcer disease.

PMID- 369749
TI  - Hepatotoxicity: pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention.

PMID- 369750
TI  - Circulating complexes in leprosy studied by the platelet aggregation test. The
      platelet aggregation test and its relation to the Rubino test and other sero
      immunological parameters in 135 patients with leprosy.

PMID- 369751
TI  - Polyclonal activation to immunoglobulin secretion in human adenoid lymphocytes
      induced by bacteria from nasopharynx in vitro.

PMID- 369752
TI  - Suppression by IgA of IgG-mediated phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear
      leucocytes.

PMID- 369753
TI  - The composition of pulmonary immune deposits in systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 369754
TI  - Human T-lymphocyte differentiation in immunodeficiency diseases and after
      reconstitution by bone marrow or fetal thymus transplantation.

PMID- 369755
TI  - Improvement of life quality in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

PMID- 369756
TI  - Peripheral blood leucocytes and mononuclear cell subpopulations in testicular
      tumour patients - a preliminary study.

PMID- 369757
TI  - The classic. Innominate osteotomy in the treatment of congenital dislocation and
      subluxation of the hip by Robert B. Salter, J. Bone Joint Surg. (Brit) 43B:3:518,
      1961.

PMID- 369758
TI  - The intracellular pathway for parathormone biosynthesis and secretion.
AB  - The initial translation product of parathormone messenger RNA--preproparathormone
      -is larger than parathormone. Two amino terminal peptide segments of the peptide
      chain are removed sequentially to form the 84-amino acid hormone. The first
      cleavage, the removal of a 25-amino acid extension from preproparathormone,
      occurs in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and results in the formation of
      proparathormone. This peptide moves via an energy-dependent mechanism to the
      Golgi region of the cell where a specific converting enzyme cleaves a basic
      hexapeptide segment yielding parathormone itself. A part of the newly formed
      hormone then is enclosed within prosecretory vesicles, transported to the
      cellular membrane and secreted. Another portion is stored in mature secretory
      vesicles and is subject to subsequent secretion. The moment to moment control of
      parathormone secretion by calcium resides at the plasma membrane, but a tightly
      coupled response at the level of intracellular hormone degradation is also
      necessary in order to control intracellular hormone levels in the face of rapid
      changes in secretory rate. Three major secretory products are released from the
      parathyroid under the control of extracellular calcium: (1) parathormone, (2) a
      large protein--"parathyroid secretory protein"--whose function is unknown, and
      (3) peptide fragments of parathormone. Secretion of hormonal fragments adds to
      the population of parathormone immunoreactivity in the blood. These fragments
      appear to be similar if not identical to those formed by peripheral metabolism of
      parathormone in the liver and kidney.

PMID- 369759
TI  - Spleen scan in histiocytic lymphoma: response to therapy.
AB  - Spleen scan demonstration of space-occupying lesions in patients with histiocytic
      lymphoma is a sensitive but not a specific finding. However, response to therapy
      could be evaluated if pretreatment scans show well-defined space-occupying
      lesions and posttreatment scans showed resolution of those changes.

PMID- 369760
TI  - Use of 111In-labeled leukocytes in evaluation of renal transplant rejection: a
      preliminary report.

PMID- 369761
TI  - Septic arthritis mimicking cellulitis: distinction using radionuclide bone
      imaging.
AB  - Two patients originally diagnosed as having cellulitis involving the dorsum of
      the foot actually had bacterial arthritis of an underlying joint. In both
      patients, even after pyarthrosis was suspected, the wrong joint was aspirated.
      The arthropathies were located by subsequent 99mTc-phosphate bone imaging at a
      time when roentgenograms were normal. Early diagnosis and aggressive therapy of
      septic arthritis are essential to prevent joint destruction and osteomyelitis.
      Radionuclide bone imaging can identify inflammatory joint disease but it cannot
      specify etiology. In our patients, however, the differential diagnosis was
      between skin and joint infection. Radionuclide imaging was of great help in
      making this distinction.

PMID- 369762
TI  - Radiation and the induction of malignancy.

PMID- 369764
TI  - Drug pharmacokinetics in the postoperative period.

PMID- 369765
TI  - The use of pharmacokinetic principles in determining the effectiveness of removal
      of toxins from blood.

PMID- 369766
TI  - [Therapy of chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 369763
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of oral anticoagulants.
AB  - Warfarin is clinically the most widely used oral anticoagulant and its properties
      have been extensively studied. Assay method for these compounds have until
      recently been relatively nonspecific. The advent of chromatographically based
      techniques has enabled re-evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of oral
      anticoagulants, but most work continues to involve warfarin. The most important
      recent work has concerned the different anticoagulant potencies and metabolic
      pathways of the optical isomers of some of these drugs. The effects of age and
      some diseases on pharmacokinetics of warfarin have been examined but much remains
      to be done, especially with oral anticoagulants other than warfarin. There are
      several well established pharmacokinetic drug interactions with warfarin. There
      is a wide awareness of the drugs most likely to reduce anticoagulant effects by
      enzyme induction and alternative drugs can be used. Mechanisms of some
      interactions have been re-investigated. In vivo drug displacement interactions
      are complicated by the correlation between hepatic clearance of these drugs and
      the size of the unbound fraction in plasma. The interactions between
      phenylbutazone and warfarin and metronidazole and warfarin, resulting in
      potentiation of anticoagulant effect have been suggested to be due mainly to an
      inhibition of the metabolism of the more potent S isomer of warfarin.

PMID- 369767
TI  - [Therapeutic research on osteoarthrosis in the aged: controlled trial of
      indoprofen and ibuprofen].

PMID- 369768
TI  - [Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy and tolerance of diphenpyramide in a
      double-blind comparison with indomethacin in the treatment of osteoarthrosis].

PMID- 369769
TI  - [Chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol].

PMID- 369771
TI  - Medical toxicologist's notebook: snakebite treatment and International Antivenin
      Index.

PMID- 369770
TI  - Dermatotoxicology monographs I. Cutaneous irritation: factors influencing the
      response to irritants.

PMID- 369772
TI  - Attempted canine renal cryopreservation using dimethyl sulphoxide helium
      perfusion and microwave thawing.

PMID- 369774
TI  - Minimizing postsurgical scars.
AB  - You will want to minimize postoperative scars for your and your patient's
      satisfaction. There are operative procedures and suturing techniques that will
      help you but, ultimately, a fine result can be most often obtained by meticulous
      attention to each detail, from the prep through the planning, the execution of
      the procedure, and the postoperative care.

PMID- 369773
TI  - Protection kinetics of additives on survival of lyophilized bacteria.

PMID- 369775
TI  - Fluocinonide vs halcinonide in atopic dermatitis. A paired comparison of two
      potent topical corticosteroids.
AB  - A study showing the superiority of fluocinonide (0.05 percent) cream over
      halcinonide (0.1 percent) cream in the treatment of atopic dermatitis is
      presented herein.

PMID- 369776
TI  - The heart in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Arrhythmias.

PMID- 369777
TI  - Positive-pressure breathing and induction of cough.

PMID- 369779
TI  - Cell-block preparation for cytodiagnosis of pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis.

PMID- 369778
TI  - Thoracoscopy. Early diagnosis of interstitial pneumonitis in the immunologically
      suppressed child.
AB  - Interstitial pneumonitis in immunosuppressed patients demands prompt diagnosis
      and treatment. In an effort to achieve a simple yet highly accurate method of
      diagnosis, we have evaluated the usefulness of thoracoscopic examination. Twenty
      seven procedures have been performed in 24 patients between the ages of 17 months
      and 18 years. All patients were immunosuppressed, most for treatment of malignant
      processes. All procedures have been performed under anesthesia with intravenously
      administered ketamine, without endotracheal intubation. A definitive diagnosis
      has been made in every case, with pneumonia due to Pneumocystis carinii being
      identified in 18 instances. Complications have been minimal and include four
      minor pneumothoraces, two instances of bleeding, and two instances of prolonged
      air leak. Mortality attributable to the procedure has been nil, although five
      patients have died due to their underlying diseases within 30 days of the
      thoracoscopic procedure. Thoracoscopy has proven to be a rapid and safe technique
      for providing accurate histologic and bacteriologic diagnoses in these critically
      ill children.

PMID- 369780
TI  - Bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis in the newborn infant: treatment with nasal
      continous positive airway pressure.
AB  - A newborn infant with severe respiratory distress from bilateral diaphragmatic
      paralysis caused by birth injury was successfully treated with nasal continuous
      positive airway pressure (CPAP). Improvement gradually occurred, and CPAP was
      discontinued after he was 23 days of age. This therapy has advantages over
      alternative methods.

PMID- 369781
TI  - Controlled studies and medical controversies.

PMID- 369782
TI  - Miliary tuberculosis and the adult respiratory distress syndrome in a renal
      transplant recipient.

PMID- 369783
TI  - The recovery period following exposure of bacteria to penicillins.
AB  - Experiments with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes have shown that
      when cells are exposed to bactericidal concentration of benzylpenicillin or
      ampicillin and the antibiotic then inactivated with beta-lactamase the count of
      the surviving viable cells (colony-forming units) remains essentially constant
      for a period of approximately 1.5--3 h before increasing at a normal rate. No
      such recovery period was observed, however, when Escherichia coli or Proteus
      mirabilis was exposed to a bactericidal concentration of ampicillin and the
      antibiotic then inactivated. Microscopic observation of individual surviving
      cells of S. aureus following exposure to benzylpenicillin showed that in some
      cases resumption of cell division was delayed as long as 4 h. However, other
      cells in the same population showed no recovery period and resumed division
      within 30 min of inactivation of the antibiotic. In the latter case, the recovery
      period which is observed in terms of viable count may represent the period of
      time required for individual surviving cells to divide and give rise to normal
      aggregates before these fragment to produce new colony-forming units.

PMID- 369784
TI  - In vitro activity of sulphonamides as a function of their molar refractivity.
AB  - A significnat correlation has been found between the in vitro activity of 16
      commonly employed sulphonamides and their molar refractivity. The molar
      refractivity has been shown to be a superior parameter for the description of the
      activity of sulphonamides than the sum of electronegativities of atoms making up
      a heterocyclic substituent in the sulphonamide molecule and molecular weight of
      the substituent.

PMID- 369785
TI  - [Technique for posterior seal in complete maxillary prosthesis].

PMID- 369787
TI  - [Preservation of the integrity of tissues in prosthodontics].

PMID- 369786
TI  - [Prosthetics: impressions and models].

PMID- 369788
TI  - [Chronic renal insufficiencies, renal transplants and dental surgery].

PMID- 369789
TI  - [Federation Dentaire Internationale].

PMID- 369790
TI  - [Healing of autologus chondro-osseous grafts in the epiphysis of rabbit femur].

PMID- 369791
TI  - [Remote results of using lyophilized allogeneic bone tissue in orthopedic
      surgery].

PMID- 369792
TI  - [Are dysraphic syndromes hereditary?].

PMID- 369793
TI  - [Transmural varices ligation and fundoplication as an emergency operation in
      acute esophageal varices hemorrhage].
AB  - In patients with bleeding esophageal varices the main purpose of the treatment is
      to stop the bleeding at a justifiable risk. The so-called blocking procedures
      reach this purpose most consistently. We report the results on transmural
      variceal ligation plus fundoplication in 16 patients in whom the bleeding
      esophageal varices were not stopped by conservative means. 75% of these patients
      belonged to group B and C in Child's classification. Postoperative lethality was
      18,7%, in all cases bleeding was stopped. These results favour trasmural varices
      ligation as an emergency procedure in bleeding esophageal varices.

PMID- 369794
TI  - [Treatment of hemorrhage from acute gastric and duodenal mucosa lesions with
      secretin].
AB  - In a prospective study 67 patients with bleeding from acute gastric mucosal
      lesions were treated by intravenous infusion of secretin. In 64 of the 67
      patients bleeding stopped during secretin infusion. In 16 of these 64, bleeding
      recurred after cessation of the secretin infusion; all recurrences were stopped
      by secretin. Severe side effects were not observed. Secretin seems to be an
      effective drug in the treatment of stress ulcer bleeding.

PMID- 369795
TI  - [Continent colostomy through free transplantation of autologous colon muscles].
AB  - The study is concerned with a problem which is to a great extent still surgically
      unsolved, namely that of the incontinent hollow organ occlusion. We report on our
      own experiments on animals and on physiologicofunctional studies, which reveal
      the suitability of the smooth muscles as an ideal material for sphincter
      replacements. By histologic research it became obvious that autotransplantations
      of smooth muscles, carried out for the first time by the Department of Surgery of
      the University of Wurzburg, are possible without significant tissue changes. The
      transplant is soon supplied by vessels which sprout ubiquitously and completely
      permeate it so that it can take over its function as sphincter. Meanwhile, the
      experience gained in experiments on animals has been transferred to surgery on
      humans. Incontinence and incontinence of the preternatural anus were eliminated
      in the first operations using autologous autotransplanted sphincteroplasties.

PMID- 369796
TI  - [Kidney transplantation in children at Hannover from 1970 to 1977 (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 369798
TI  - [Hemodialysis and transplantation in uremic diabetic patients?].

PMID- 369797
TI  - [Hereditary angioneurotic edema. Clinical aspects and extended diagnostic and
      therapeutic possibilities].

PMID- 369799
TI  - [Present-day serological diagnosis of syphilis: comparison of TPHA and FTA-ABS
      tests with classical flocculation and complement-fixation reaction (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Twelve laboratories in the north Rhine-Westphalia participated in comparing TPHA
      and FTA-ABS tests with the so-called classical syphilis reactions (VDRL test,
      cardiolipin and pallida complement-fixation reaction, as well as Meinicke
      clearing reaction II). TPHA and FTA-ABS tests proved to be superior to the
      conventional methods both as regards specificity and sensitivity. Present-day
      serological tests of syphilis can thus be limited to the TPHA test to exclude
      syphilis, the FTA-ABS test as a confirmatory reaction and the VDRL test to judge
      the need or effectiveness of antisyphilitic treatment. These reactions which
      supersede the conventional syphilis tests serve for rational, reliable and cheap
      serological diagnosis of syphilis.

PMID- 369800
TI  - [Clinical adverse reactions by chloramphenicol (author's transl)].

PMID- 369802
TI  - [Actinomycosis within the area of the hypophysis in the deer].

PMID- 369801
TI  - [The arterial blood supply and its intraosseus course in the appendigal bones of
      equine foals, IV. Ossa digitorum manus (author's transl)].

PMID- 369804
TI  - [Investigations on plasma concentration and compatibility of beta-methyl-digoxin
      in horses (author's transl)].

PMID- 369803
TI  - [The current topic: drugs for udder care].

PMID- 369805
TI  - [Investigations on blood-gases, acid-base-relationship, electrolytes, some
      enzymes and other parameters in blood from newborn calves. (1st communication:
      blood-gases and acid-base-relationship) (author's transl)].

PMID- 369807
TI  - Timolol: a review of its therapeutic efficacy in the topical treatment of
      glaucoma.
AB  - Timolol maleate is a nonselective beta-blocking drug used for the topical
      treatment of increased intraocular pressure in patients with chronic open angle
      glaucoma. In comparative studies it has had a somewhat greater ocular hypotensive
      effect than the sympathomimetic agent adrenaline (epinephrine), or lower to
      medium concentrations (up to 4%) of the miotic drug pilocarpine, usually lowering
      intraocular pressure by about 30 to 35% (absolute pressure reduction). Timolol
      has been well tolerated by most patients, producing fewer subjective complaints
      than the comparison drugs, and objective measurements of ophthalmic status have
      not revealed any marked changes. Although some patients have been treated for
      extended periods without serious adverse effects or loss of effectiveness,
      further published reports in larger numbers of patients treated over several
      years are needed to confirm the drug's apparent long term safety and continued
      efficacy. Nevertheless, on the basis of present evidence, timolol appears to
      represent an important advance in the topical treatment of glaucoma.

PMID- 369808
TI  - Bacteriological studies of intestinal juice in relation to the tropical
      intestine.

PMID- 369806
TI  - Cefoxitin: a review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacological properties and
      therapeutic use.
AB  - Cefoxitin is a beta-lactam antibiotic derived from cephamycin C, a naturally
      occurring substance produced by Streptomyces lactamdurans. Its resistance to
      destruction by beta-lactamases results in a broad spectrum of antibacterial
      activity which includes anaerobic as well as Gram-positive and Gram-negative
      aerobic bacteria, including many resistant to cephalothin and other
      cephalosporins. Given by intravenous or intramuscular injection, cefoxitin is
      effective against a wide variety of infections caused by Gram-positive or Gram
      negative aerobes as well as by anaerobic bacteria. It is generally well
      tolerated, thrombophlebitis, skin rash and some degree of discomfort after
      intramuscular injection, being the most commonly reported side effects. Cefoxitin
      has not been shown to cause adverse effects on renal function.

PMID- 369809
TI  - A qualitative and quantitative study to assess the effect of different acid
      etching solutions on human enamel surface. II: prophylographic study of surface
      roughness.

PMID- 369810
TI  - The effect of some general physiologic and pathologic conditions on oral mucosa.
      A cytologic study.

PMID- 369811
TI  - The incidence of post-extraction bacteremia after irrigation of the gingival
      sulcus with hydrogen peroxide solution.

PMID- 369812
TI  - Histopathologic reaction and disintegration of root canal pastes.

PMID- 369813
TI  - Ecologic oral changes caused by removable partial dentures.

PMID- 369814
TI  - The effect of repeated etching on the marginal adaptation of autopolymerizing
      acrylic resin restorations.

PMID- 369815
TI  - A horizontal study on the effectiveness of subgingival curettage on pocket
      eradication.

PMID- 369816
TI  - [Therapeutic trial of antidepressive agent 19560-RP metapramine].

PMID- 369817
TI  - A comparison of pituitary responsiveness to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      during lactation and the estrous cycle of the rat.

PMID- 369818
TI  - Simultaneous changes in tissue and serum levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle
      stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone
      releasing factor after castration in the male rat.

PMID- 369819
TI  - Effect of lithium on pancreatic islet insulin release.
AB  - Lithium exerts an inhibitory effect on glucose and amino acid-induced insulin
      release. The inhibitory effect of Li+ persists even in subsequent Li+-free
      conditions, indicating an only slowly reversible effect. Lithium fails to inhibit
      glucagon-induced insulin release. The exact mechanism of the lithium effect is as
      yet undetermined, but interference with calcium flux and/or microtubular function
      is an attractive hypothesis. The inhibitory effect of lithium on insulin release
      cannot be reversed by alteration in ionic (Ca++, Mg++, K+) concentrations in the
      incubation media. Studies involving the effect of low sodium on insulin release
      in which lithium had been used as an osmotic replacement for sodium must be
      carefully reassessed because of these findings.

PMID- 369820
TI  - Extrahypothalamic neurophysin-containing perikarya, fiber pathways and fiber
      clusters in the rat brain.
AB  - Immunoreactive neurophysin (Np) is demonstrated by the immunoperoxidase technique
      not only within neurones of the classical hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system,
      but also in extrahypothalamic perikarya and fibers. Np-positive perikarya are
      found in the triangular nucleus of the septum. Np fibers join the stria
      terminalis (ST) at the level of the anterior hypothalamus, and course medially in
      the ST to the central nucleus of the amygdala. Np fibers are found in the brain
      stem and spinal cord. Fine caliber Np fibers from the suprachiasmatic nucleus
      ascend to the medial dorsal thalamus and lateral septum. The presence of Np
      within neurones implies the presence of either vasopressin or oxytocin. Np
      positive fibers in extrahypothalamic sites may interact with non-neurosecretory
      neurones involved in neuroendocrine regulation, or may serve as yet unknown
      functions.

PMID- 369821
TI  - Longitudinal study on the establishment of insulin resistance in hypothalamic
      obese mice.
AB  - A longitudinal in vivo and in vitro analysis of the genesis of insulin resistance
      has been carried out in mice made obese by chemical made obese by chemical lesion
      (goldthioglucose, GTG) of the hypothalamus. Six weeks after GTG administration,
      glycemia and glucose disposal were normal but associated with increased insulin
      concentration, suggesting incipient insulin resistance. The in vitro counterpart
      of the latter in obese mice was observed in soleus muscle that was somewhat less
      responsive to insulin than controls, in liver that had increased basal
      lipogenesis but was uninfluenced by insulin, and in hepatic plasma membranes in
      which a slight decrease of insulin binding was measured. At this stage of
      obesity, basal adipose tissue lipogenesis was increased but the tissue responded
      in a normal fashion to insulin. These relatively discrete early metabolic changes
      were corroborated in vivo by a normal hypoglycemic effect of exogenous insulin.
      Sixteen weeks after GTG administration, hyperglycemia and gross hyperinsulinemia
      were recorded. This insulin resistance was evidenced in vivo by the lack of
      hypoglycemic effect of exogenous insulin unless considerable amounts of the
      hormone were administered. It coincided in vitro with a poor response of soleus
      muscle to insulin, an absence of a stimulatory effect of the hormone upon both
      adipose tissue and liver tissue, and a marked decrease in insulin binding to
      liver plasma membranes. It appears that insulin resistance is a multifactorial
      and progressive abnormality that might involve both insulin receptor and
      intracellular metabolic alterations.

PMID- 369823
TI  - The temporal requirement of progesterone on proestrus for extinction of the
      estrogen-induced daily signal controlling luteinizing hormone release in the rat.

PMID- 369822
TI  - Regional distribution of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in
      proestrous rats: effects of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement.

PMID- 369824
TI  - Reproductive hormonal axis of the male rat in experimental hypothyroidism.

PMID- 369825
TI  - Effects of pregnancy on insulin and glucagon secretion by perifused rat
      pancreatic islets.

PMID- 369826
TI  - Phorbol myristate acetate: effect of a tumor promoter on insulin release from
      isolated rat islets of Langerhans.
AB  - Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), a tumor-promoter capable of influencing biologic
      functions of many cell systems, has been demonstrated to augment glucose
      initiated insulin release from isolated rat islets of Langerhans. PMA caused a 2
      fold increase in insulin release. This effect of PMA did not alter the sigmoidal
      relationship of insulin released to glucose concentration. The effect of PMA on
      insulin secretion from the islet beta-cells persists and a challenge with glucose
      alone, subsequent to a pulse of PMA, elicits an augmented insulin release
      response.

PMID- 369827
TI  - Inhibition of luteinizing hormone release and luteinizing hormone releasing
      hormone action by the ovaries of postpartum lactating rats.

PMID- 369828
TI  - Changes in plasma luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and gonadotropin
      concentrations during constant rate intravenous infusion of luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone in cyclic rats.
AB  - Further analysis has been made of the response of the rat pituitary gland to LHRH
      during the 4-day estrous cycle. LHRH was infused iv at a constant rate (50 ng/h)
      into phenobarbital-treated rats at different times during the estrous cycle.
      Infusion at this rate in proestrous rats simulates the rising and plateau phases
      of the spontaneous proestrous surges of LH and FSH in plasma. Plasma LH rose to
      similar heights during the "initial phase" of LH release (during the first 40 min
      of infusion) on the afternoons of estrus, diestrous day one, and proestrus and
      during the morning of proestrus. The increase during the afternoon of diestrous
      day two was significantly less than that in all the other groups. A similar
      response was seen in the case of FSH release. A "rapid rising" or "augmented"
      phase of LH release (during 40-120 min of infusion) was present in all groups and
      the magnitude of the response was greatest during the afternoon of proestrus. In
      the case of FSH, an augmented phase of release started 60 min after the start of
      infusion, and the response during the afternoon of proestrus was slightly greater
      than the responses measured at the other times tested. The responses on diestrous
      day one were not altered when phenobarbital was omitted or when rats were
      ovariectomized shortly before LHRH infusion. Other differences in the LH and FSH
      responses during both initial and augmented phases of release were seen in rats
      tested at different times during the estrous cycle with an LHRH infusion rate
      which caused a supraphysiological response on proestrus. The results suggest that
      1) the initial rising phases in plasma LH and FSH during the spontaneous surges
      during proestrus are not the result of an increase in pituitary responsiveness to
      LHRH during the estrous cycle, 2) augmented phases of LH and FSH release can be
      elicited on all days of the estrous cycle, and 3) the increases in magnitude of
      the augmented phases of LH and FSH release on proestrus, as compared to those on
      other days of the cycle, are the result of an increase in pituitary
      responsiveness to LHRH during the estrous cycle.

PMID- 369829
TI  - Studies on the dual effects of glucose on 45Ca++ efflux from isolated rat islets.
AB  - 45Ca++ efflux studies were performed on rat islets of Langerhans which were
      loaded to isotopic equilibrium during 48 h in tissue cultures. 45Ca++ loading was
      50% complete at 1 h, 80% at 4 h, and reached, at equilibrium, a content equal to
      10-11 pmol/islet. The islets responded to glucose stimulation with a rapid and
      markedly biphase insulin release. Under normal conditions, glucose stimulated
      45Ca++ efflux with an initial surge (simultaneous with the first peak of insulin
      release), which declined rapidly to 50% of the peak value and then slowly
      declined for the remainder of the glucose stimulation. Special conditions were
      required to uncover an early inhibition of 45Ca++ efflux; these were the lowering
      of the temperature of the perifusate from 37 C to 30 C or below, or reduction of
      the medium Ca++ concentration to 0.1 mM or less. Under zero calcium conditions
      the glucose inhibition of 45Ca++ efflux can be rigorously interpreted as an
      inhibition of calcium efflux. The studies at low temperature or low Ca++
      concentrations revealed two effects of glucose on 45Ca++ efflux: an initial
      inhibition followed by a stimulation, the inhibitory effect was obscured by the
      rapidity of onset of the stimulatory effect under normal conditions. At low
      temperature it was also possible to inhibit glucose-stimulated insulin release,
      although the stimulated 45Ca++ efflux remained unchanged. At 30 C or in
      experiments with 0.3 mM Ca++, glucose-stimulated insulin release preceded the
      stimulation of 45Ca++ efflux. It therefore, is, concluded that the stimulated
      45Ca++ efflux is a consequence, rather than a determinant, of stimulus-secretion
      coupling. The stimulated efflux is dependent on the presence of Ca++ in the
      medium and is independent of emiocytosis. This latter finding excludes the
      secretory granules as a significant source of glucose-stimulated 45Ca++
      extrusion.

PMID- 369830
TI  - Electrical responses of rat islets maintained in culture with varying levels of
      glucose.
AB  - The electrical responses of rat islet cells maintained in culture with varying
      levels of glucose were determined. After culture with 2.8 or 4.2 mM glucose, the
      beta-cells did not respond electrically to 27.8 mM glucose. However, after
      culture in 5.6 mM glucose, the cells responded to 27.8 mM glucose in short term
      experiments with depolarization and an increase in the incidence of spike
      activity. Islet cells maintained in 8.4 or 14.0 mM glucose had increasingly
      greater (negative) membrane potentials. The incidence of glucose-induced spike
      activity was the greatest for cells which had been cultured in 14.0 mM glucose.
      Raising glucose in the culture medium from 2.8 to 14.0 mM for the last 2 days of
      culture restored the ability of the islets to respond electrically to glucose in
      short term experiments. These observations show that the electrical phenomena of
      the beta cell membrane are affected by alterations in the level of glucose in the
      culture medium and serve as reliable indicators of functional glucose sensitivity
      of the islet cells.

PMID- 369831
TI  - Modulation by alloxan of glucagon and insulin secretion in the isolated perfused
      rat pancreas.
AB  - The acute in vitro effect of alloxan on glucagon and insulin secretion from the
      isolated perfused rat pancreas was examined. Alloxan alone produced transient
      insulin secretion. Pretreatment with alloxan attenuated both the stimulatory
      effect of glucose on insulin secretion and the inhibitory effect of glucose on
      glucagon secretion. Exposure to alloxan in varying doses either partially or
      completely inhibited insulin secretion induced by arginine in the presence or
      absence of glucose. On the contrary, pretreatment with alloxan produced complex
      effects on arginine-induced glucagon secretion. In the absence of glucose, the
      response of glucagon to arginine infusion was lower in the pancreas exposed to
      alloxan than in the control experiment. In the presence of glucose, however, an
      apparently augmented response of glucagon to arginine was observed after exposure
      to higher doses of alloxan, suggesting an impaired inhibitory effect of glucose
      on arginine-induced glucagon secretion. These effects of pretreatment with
      alloxan on glucagon secretion can not be explained by earlier or simultaneous
      insulin secretion. Therefore, we conclude that alloxan acts not only on beta
      cells, but also directly on alpha-cells, although the latter are less sensitive
      to this agent.

PMID- 369832
TI  - Somatostatin biosynthesis occurs in pancreatic islets.
AB  - No information is at present available on the mode of SRIF biosynthesis. Since
      anglerfish pancreatic islet tissue is comprised of approximately 30% D cells, we
      have examined this tissue for SRIF synthesis . The following known differences in
      amino acid composition of islet peptides were used advantageously in this study:
      anglerfish proinsulin: Trp-0, Ile-2, Cys-6; anglerfish glucagon: Trp-1, Ile-0,
      Cys-0; mammalian SRIF: Trp-1, Ile-0, Cys-2. After incubating islet tissue with
      [3H]tryptophan and [14C]isoleucine or [35S]cystine for various time periods,
      proteins were extracted in 2 M acetic acid and desalted by Bio-Gel P-2 gel
      filtration. P-2 void volume proteins were then subjected to P-10 gel filtration
      and isolated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) at alkaline pH. The
      predominant amount of the immumoreactive SRIF in the extracts appeared in a peak
      eluting just before the salt volume on P-10 filtration and migrated slowly toward
      the cathode during PAGE. The behavior of synthetic SRIF was identical. The
      anglerfish SRIF immunoreactive peptide could be labeled with Trp and Cys but not
      Ile during incubations longer than 1 h. The Trp- and Cys-labeled peptide could be
      bound on columns to which the immunoglobulin fraction of antisera to SRIF had
      been complexed. Cycloheximide inhibited isotope incorporation into all islet
      proteins. These results indicate that islet SRIF is synthesized in situ.
      Moreover, the immunological activity, size, and charge characteristics of
      anglerfish islet SRIF appear to be similar to those of mammalian hypothalamic
      SRIF. When islets were subjected to short pulse incubations with labeled Trp and
      Cys, only peptides eluting in the 7,000-13,000 dalton portion of the filtration
      eluate became labeled. No appreciable isotope incorporation into SRIF was
      observed. However, when pulse incubations were followed by incubation in the
      presence of cycloheximide or excess unlabeled amino acids in isotope-free medium
      (chase), the incorporation of Trp and Cys into SRIF increased with the length of
      chase, suggesting the participation of a larger precursor in SRIF synthesis.

PMID- 369833
TI  - The androgen-sterilized rat: induction of ovulation and implantation by
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.

PMID- 369834
TI  - delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol suppression of episodic luteinizing hormone
      secretion in the ovariectomized rat.

PMID- 369835
TI  - Alloxan uptake by isolated rat islets of Langerhans.
AB  - Alloxan inhibits subsequent glucose-induced insulin release from isolated rat
      islets of Langerhans maintained in vitro. Several agents (D-glucose, D-mannose, 3
      0-methyl-D-glucose, caffeine, and cytochalasin B) when present during the alloxan
      exposure protect against alloxan inhibition of insulin release. To examine the
      mechanism of alloxan inhibition, the uptake of [2-14C]alloxan was measured in
      isolated islets. [2-14C]Alloxan was rapidly accumulated by the islets in a time-
      and temperature-dependent manner. The radio-activity from islets incubated with
      [2-14C]alloxan was isolated and shown by thin layer chromatography to comigrate
      with alloxan and alloxanic acid, an alloxan decomposition product. As no uptake
      of radioactivity occurred in the presence of medium containing the radioactive
      decomposition product, it was concluded that alloxan enters the intracellular
      space of the islet and undergoes a subsequent internal decomposition. Some of the
      protective agents (3-0-methyl-D-glucose, caffeine, and cytochalasin B) partially
      inhibited alloxan uptake, whereas others (D-glucose and D-mannose) increased the
      uptake of alloxan. These and other results suggest that the experimental agents
      do not provide protection against alloxan inhibition by preventing the entry of
      alloxan into the intracellular space of the islet. The possibility of D-glucose
      and alloxan competing for a common binding site on the cell membrane is
      discussed.

PMID- 369836
TI  - Further studies on the relationship between insulin release and lanthanum
      nondisplaceable 45Ca2+ uptake by pancreatic islets: effects of fructose and
      starvation.
AB  - Relationships between the release of insulin and the incorporation of 45Ca2+ into
      a lanthanum-nondisplaceable (intracellular) pool were studied in islets
      microdissected from the pancreatic glands of non-inbred ob/ob mice. In comparison
      with D-glucose, D-fructose was slowly oxidized and had only marginal effects on
      insulin release. However, fructose was as effective as glucose in stimulating the
      lanthanum-nondisplaceable 45Ca2+ uptake. The 45Ca2+ uptake was dose-dependent on
      the concentration of fructose in the range 0-20 mM; the same dose-dependence was
      obtained with glucose. Fasting the mice for 3 days caused a total block of the
      insulin secretory response to 20 mM glucose, but it produced an enhancement of
      the glucose-induced 45Ca2+ uptake. Both the inhibition of insulin release and the
      enhancement of 45Ca2+ uptake were counteracted by pretreating the isolated islets
      with 20-40 mM D-glucose; pretreatment with L-glucose or fructose could not
      counteract the effects of fasting. Although some functional relationship may
      exist between the lanthanum-nondisplaceable uptake of 45Ca2+ and the insulin
      secretory apparatus, it is concluded that the uptake of Ca2+ is not simply the
      result of stimulated insulin release.

PMID- 369837
TI  - Relation of biogenic amines to onset of puberty in the female rat.
AB  - Changes in hypothalamic concentration and turnover index (TI) of norepinephrine
      (NE), dopamine (DA), and serotonin (5HT) were studied during the first estrous
      cycle at the onset of puberty. Rats were killed when 40% of the population showed
      open vaginas. They were classified according to the state of their reproductive
      tract and serum LH values, as in anestrus, early proestrus, late proestrus,
      estrus, or diestrus. Serum LH, PRL, and hypothalamic LHRH were measured by RIA.
      The TIs for DA and NE were measured by estimating their rate of decrease after
      administration of alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine, and for 5HT-TI by its increase
      after pargyline administration. An increase in NE-TI in the hypothalamus was
      observed between anestrus and early proestrus, a decrease in DA-TI during early
      and late proestrus, and a small increase in 5HT-TI between early and late
      proestrus. LH and PRL peaks were observed at late proestrus when DA-TI and NE-TI
      reached their lowest values and hypothalamic LHRH concentration was failing.
      After late proestrus, the DA-TI rose sharply, NE-TI remained essentially
      unchanged. 5HT-TI fell, and serum LH and PRL declined to basal levels. These
      results suggest that the LH and PRL surges at late proestrus during the first
      estrous cycle at puberty are associated with an increase in NE-TI at early
      proestrus, a progressive decline in DA-TI at early and late proestrus, and an
      increase in 5HT-TI at late proestrus.

PMID- 369838
TI  - A bovine hypothalamic peptide possessing immunoreactive growth hormone-releasing
      activity.

PMID- 369839
TI  - Presence of sulfhydryl groups in glucagon secretion granule membranes.
AB  - The effect of various sulfhydryl-binding reagents on the release of glucagon from
      isolated secretion granules was studied. Secretion granules isolated from
      toadfish islet tissue by differential centrifugation in sucrose were incubated in
      the test medium, the granules were centrifuged down, and the supernatant was
      assayed for glucagon using a RIA. When the granules were incubated in isotonic
      saline, 16-18% of the total glucagon in the granules was released. Whereas the
      addition of various dithiol-binding reagents (Cd++, Hg++, AsO2-, and
      dichlorophenylarsine), an oxidizing agent (oxidized glutathione), a reducing
      agent (reduced glutathione), and an amino group-binding reagent reagent
      (trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid) had no effect, the addition of Co++ to the
      incubation medium decreased glucagon release and the addition of the monothiol
      binding reagents, p-hydroxymercuribenzoate and diphenylchloroarsine, produced a 2
      to 3-fold increase in glucagon release. These results suggest that sulfhydryl
      groups may be present in the glucagon secretion granules and that they may be
      involved in glucagon release.

PMID- 369840
TI  - The hypothalamic-pituitary axis in genetically obese (ob/ob) mice: response to
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.

PMID- 369842
TI  - Inhibition of de novo synthesis of FSH by the Sertoli cell factor (SCF).
AB  - The effects of SCF, a substance produced by isolated rat Sertoli cells in
      culture, on the synthesis of FSH and LH were studied in vitro. Anterior
      pituitaries from adult male rats were organ-cultured 24-48h in the presence and
      absence of SCF in the culture medium. The incorporation of 3H-leucine into FSH
      and LH was determined following 6h incubation with this labelled precursor and
      immunoprecipitation with specific FSH or LH antibodies. Total FSH and LH were
      measured by radioimmunoassay. The results indicate that SCF can selectively
      reduce the incorporation of 3H-leucine into immunoprecipitable FSH without
      decreasing the incorporation into LH.

PMID- 369841
TI  - Inhibition of spermatogenesis in the rat by treatment with [D-Ala6, Des-Gly
      NH210] LHRH ethylamide.
AB  - The effect of treatment with a potent LHRH agonist, [D-Ala6, Des-Gly-NH210]LHRH
      ethylamide, injected at the low dose of 100 ng, twice a week, was evaluated on
      spermatogenesis in the rat. Significant degenerative changes of seminiferous
      tubules could be observed after two weeks of treatment. These changes were
      progressive and led to a marked inhibition of spermatogenesis after four to eight
      weeks of treatment. Testis weight was decreased to approximately 50% of control
      after eight weeks of treatment.

PMID- 369843
TI  - Monolayer cultures of gonadotrophs separated by velocity sedimentation:
      heterogeneity in response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.
AB  - Isolated pituitary cells from 14-day-old male and female and adult male rats were
      separated into enriched populations of gonadotrophs by velocity sedimentation at
      unit gravity. The cells, collected from five gradient fractions, were established
      in monolayer culture. Hormone content and hormonal secretion in response to LHRH
      were measured after 3 days in culture. Stored FSH and LH declined during culture,
      but the relative differences between fractions and between animal groups were
      maintained. In all fractions, LHRH stimulated the release of both FSH and LH in a
      dose-response fashion. The secretory potential per gonadotroph changed with
      fraction and the pattern was highly characteristic for each animal group. In 14
      day-old females, both FSH and LH secretion increased 20 times from the fraction
      with the smallest to the fraction with the largest gonadotrophs. In preparations
      from 14-day-old males, only the release of FSH consistently rose with gonadotroph
      cell size. With cells from adult males, FSH as well as LH release increased with
      cell size, but the pattern was different for each hormone. Secretion did not
      always correlate with the cellular content of hormone before stimulation. The
      present findings suggest that gonadotrophs isolated from animals in a different
      physiological or developmental status may retain in short term culture certain of
      their previous functional characteristics. There is evidence that the gonadotroph
      cell population is heterogeneous not only in terms of the magnitude of the
      response to LHRH but also in terms of the relative proportion of FSH and LH
      secreted. Changes in the relative proportion of certain variants of gonadotrophs
      may be a cellular basis for differential regulation of FSH and LH secretion by a
      single releasing hormone.

PMID- 369844
TI  - Further studies on the role of calcium in glucocorticoid-induced lymphocytolysis.
AB  - In a previous study comparing the effects of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and a
      divalent cation ionophore (A23187) on rat thymocytes, we proposed an important
      contributory role for Ca2+ in glucocorticoid-induced cytolysis. The plausibility
      of this hypothesis was tested further in thymic lymphocytes (thymocytes) and
      lymph node lymphocytes (LN-lymphocytes). Thymocytes incubated in a Ca2+
      containing medium responded to TA or A23187 with a concentration-dependent
      decrease in the number of viable cells. TA-induced cytolysis was reduced in Ca
      free medium and was equally supported by Ca2+ and Sr2+, but not by Ba2+. A23187
      induced cytolysis was supported by Ca2+ greater than Sr2+, but not by Ba2+.
      Thymocytes were also lysed by increasing concentrations of Ca2+ even in the
      absence of TA and A23187. LN-Lymphocytes, however, were less sensitive to the
      cytotoxic effects of Ca2+ under the same conditions. In the presence of Ca2+,
      thymocytes were lysed to a greater extent than LN-lymphocytes by TA, whereas the
      sensitivities to A23187-induced cytolysis were the same in both populations.
      Omission of Ca2+ from the incubation medium inhibited the cytolytic response to
      TA only in thymocytes. In contrast, A23187-induced cytolysis was impaired in Ca
      free medium in both thymocytes and LN-lymphocytes. These observations confirm the
      previous findings on Ca2+ dependence of glucocorticoid-induced cytolysis in
      thymocytes. This pathway, however, may not be involved in glucocorticoid-induced
      cytolysis of LN-lymphocytes. Thus, a more basic and as yet undefined mechanism
      probably mediates the lymphocytolytic process.

PMID- 369846
TI  - Leo Tolstoy Samuels.

PMID- 369845
TI  - 32P-labeling patterns in rat pancreatic islets: tissue source of the
      radiophosphate released after glucose stimulation.
AB  - Immediately after stimulation with glucose in vitro, isolated rat pancreatic
      islets prelabeled with [32P]orthophosphate release a pulse of [32P]orthophosphate
      into the media (the "phosphate flush"). Islets have been rapidly frozen before,
      during, and after this pulse to assess the concurrent changes in the distribution
      of tissue radioactivity. Under the present experimental conditions, approximately
      90% of the islet radioactivity was soluble in perchloric acid (PCA-soluble)
      immediately before stimulation and slightly more than half of that was present as
      [32P]orthophosphate. The tissue pool of [32P]orthophosphate declined 55% and 62%
      after 7 and 14 min of stimulation which, respectively, incorporated the peak and
      the end of the heightened efflux of radioactivity. The net decrementa in tissue
      orthophosphate could account for all of the radioactivity which was released
      during the "phosphate flush." During the 14-min period of stimulation, labeled
      ATP and GTP (which had accounted for 13% and 4% of total PCA-soluble
      radioactivity before stimulation) increased 51% and 35%, respectively, and
      labeled ADP and AMP (which had accounted for 5.4% and 1.5% of PCA-soluble counts)
      fell 36% and 77%, respectively. Certain other PCA-soluble components, such as
      phosphorylcholine and phosphorylethanolamine, and total PCA-insoluble
      radioactivity were not demonstrably altered. The findings indicate that the
      "phosphate flush" originates from a labile pool of tissue orthophosphate. It
      remains to be established whether the simultaneous changes in the turnover of
      selected nucleotides are coupled to the translocation of orthophosphate or are
      mediated separately.

PMID- 369847
TI  - Modifications of luteinizing hormone biosynthesis and release by gonadotropin
      releasing hormone, cycloheximide, and actinomycin D.
AB  - In the first experiment, the influence of synthetic gonadotropin-releasing
      hormone (GnRH) on the time course of [3H]glucosamine ([3H]GA) and [14C]alanine
      ([14C]A) incorporation into LH by quartered rat anterior pituitary glands and the
      sequence of release of radiolabeled and total immunoreactive LH (IR-LH) was
      investigated. Radiolabeled LH was measured by immunoprecipitation and total IR-LH
      was measured by RIA. After lag periods of 5 and 20 min, respectively,
      incorporation of [14C]A and [3H]GA into tissue LH increased linearly for 4 h.
      GnRH stimulated incorporation of [3H]GA only. The ratio of [14C]A-LH to [3H]GA-LH
      (14C:3H ratio) in the tissue decreased significantly with time and with GnRH
      treatment. In the second experiment, replenishment of GnRH in the medium every
      0.5 h elevated the release rate (release during each sequential 0.5 h) of both
      [3H]GA and [14C]A-labeled LH within 1.5 h. The release rate of radiolabeled LH
      increased linearly until 3.5 h. The 14C:3H ratio in LH released during each time
      interval was reduced by GnRH. The release rate of IR-LH increased linearly with
      time, plateaued by 1.5-3 h, and started to decline. In other experiments,
      cycloheximide blocked synthesis of [14C]A-LH and greatly reduced the GnRH-induced
      synthesis and release of [3H]GA-LH, but reduced release of IR-LH by only 25%.
      Actinomycin D had no effect on GnRH-induced synthesis and release of LH at 2 h,
      but significantly reduced both at 4 h. These data suggest that 1) the time course
      for the release of preexisting IR-LH differs from that for newly synthesized LH,
      2) the newly synthesized LH released in response to high levels of GnRH has more
      sugar residues than that released under basal conditions, 3) the GnRH-induced LH
      release can occur under conditions in which LH synthesis has been blocked, and 4)
      synthesis of messenger RNA is not required for GnRH-induced LH release or short
      term LH synthesis but seems to be required for continued synthesis and subsequent
      release of LH.

PMID- 369848
TI  - Pancreatic beta-cell replication: relation to insulin secretion.
AB  - The relationship between beta-cell replication and insulin release was
      investigated utilizing neonatal rat pancreatic monolayer cell cultures. Glucose
      induced insulin release was either inhibited using diazoxide or mannoheptulose,
      or potentiated using theophylline. The corresponding effects on the frequency of
      beta-cell replication were determined by incubating cultures with [3H]thymidine
      and estimating the frequency of beta-cell labeling in aldehyde thionine-stained
      radioautographs. beta-Cell replication and insulin release were shown to be
      dissociable processes in two ways. First, in the presence of diazoxide (1-100
      microgram/ml), insulin release was inhibited by as much as 86%, while the
      frequency of beta-cell replication was not reduced. Second, in the presence of
      theophylline (1 mM), insulin release was increased by 23%, while beta-cell
      replication was inhibited. Finally, the inhibition of both beta-cell replication
      and insulin release by mannoheptulose (5.5 mM) indicated that glucose utilization
      may be important for both of these beta-cell processes.

PMID- 369850
TI  - Effect of the bonito insulin on the insulin release from monolayer culture of rat
      pancreas.
AB  - The effect of bonito insulin on insulin release was examined in the monolayer
      culture of rat pancreatic beta-cells. The beta-cells were preincubated for 5 to
      20 hr with or without a small dose (100 microunits/ml) of bonito insulin in the
      medium containing 100 mg% glucose. And then, they were incubated in 300 mg%
      glucose alone or together with bonito insulin for 5 hr. There was no significant
      difference between the IRI release from these beta-cells with or without bonito
      insulin. The concentration of bonito insulin was augmented from 100 microunits/ml
      to 500, 1,000 and 2,000 microunits/ml. A significant inhibitory effect on the
      glucose-induced insulin release was observed only after the preincubation for 20
      hr with 2,000 microunits/ml of bonito insulin.

PMID- 369849
TI  - Ovarian steroid modulation of gonadotropin secretion and pituitary responsiveness
      to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in the female hamster.
AB  - The significance of ovarian estradiol (E2) and progesterone secretion in the
      regulation of pituitary LH and FSH secretion and pituitary responses to LHRH was
      investigated in the hamster. Cycling females showed increased LH and FSH
      responses to LHRH on the morning of proestrus as compared to the responses
      observed on diestrus day 2. Pituitary responsiveness to LHRH declined on the
      evening of proestrus, after the preovulatory LH/FSH release. The secondary
      increase in serum FSH concentration on the morning of estrus was accompanied by a
      selective increase in the pituitary FHS response to exogenous LHRH. Hamsters
      ovariectomized (ovx) on diestrus day 2 exhibited daily afternoon LH surges but
      not FSH surges for at least 10 days after ovx. The magnitude of the LH surges in
      ovx hamsters was approximately 30-50% of that observed in proestrous females. The
      pituitary LH response to exogenous LHRH in ovx animals was about 25% as great as
      in proestrus hamsters. Serum FSH concentrations in ovx females increased by only
      30% after LHRH injection, while similar treatment with LHRH resulted in 3- to 4
      fold increments in serum FSH in proestrous hamsters. Implantation of E2 capsules
      in ovx hamsters resulted in increased gonadotropin responses to exogenous LHRH.
      Serum LH concentrations in the E2-implanted, LHRH-injected animals were as great
      as those observed after LHRH injection in proestrous females. Administration of
      LHRH, LH, or progesterone on the morning of proestrus failed to detectably alter
      the timing or magnitude of the proestrus afternoon FSH surge. The present results
      suggest that the increasing serum titers of estrogen on diestrus and early
      proestrus result in increased pituitary sensitivity to LHRH, and this increased
      sensitivity probably contributes to the magnitude of the preovulatory LH surge.
      The increases in LH and progesterone which occur during the afternoon do not seem
      to be responsible for triggering the proestrous FSH surge.

PMID- 369852
TI  - The effect of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) and oestrogen on RNA
      synthesis in anterior pituitary and different brain regions of rats.
AB  - Oestradiol-17beta caused a marked reduction of RNA content in the cortex,
      hippocampus, brain stem, hypothalamus and RNA synthesis in the pituitary. LH-RH
      had facilitatory effect on the cortical and inhibitory influence on the
      hypothalamic RNA synthesis in vitro, and suppressed the pituitary RNA synthesis
      both in vivo and in vitro. The possible regulatory role of the LH-RH in the
      nucleic acid metabolism in discussed.

PMID- 369851
TI  - Induction of ovulation by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) and its
      analogues in rats under various preovulating sexual conditions.

PMID- 369853
TI  - Effect of anticonvulsants on spiking activity induced by cortical freezing in
      cats.
AB  - In an attempt to know whether the existing anticonvulsants act on epileptogenic
      focus, the effect on SA induced by freezing of the visual cortex was examined in
      gallamine-immobilized cats. The SA was localized in the neighbor or ipsilateral
      cortex of the freezing area; little epileptiform activity was produced in the
      contralateral anterior cortex, and ipsilateral thalamus and hippocampus. Spike
      frequency and its amplitude were stable over 8 hr. Diazepam suppressed SA and
      decreased spike frequency and its amplitude. Dipropylacetate and acetazolamide
      also suppressed SA. On the other hand, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and a high
      dose of phenytoin enhanced SA and increased the spike frequency. Low doses of
      phenytoin and trimethadione were without effect in this aspect. Taurine
      suppressed SA and changed the spikes to wave-like forms. The EEG arousal response
      was depressed with phenobarbital, carbamazepine, diazepam, and a high dose of
      phenytoin, but not with the other drugs examined. From these results, it is
      suggested that diazepam, dipropylacetate, acetazolamide, and taurine depress the
      epileptogenic focus activity itself without relation to the activating system.

PMID- 369854
TI  - The delayed effect of sodium valproate on the photoconvulsive response in man.
AB  - The acute effect of a single oral dose of sodium valproate on the photoconvulsive
      response has been studied. In 7 of 9 patients naive to this drug photosensitivity
      was abolished or reduced. A similar effect was seen in only 2 of 7 already
      receiving chronic sodium valproate therapy. The effect appeared 1 to 5 hr (mean,
      3 hr) after attainment of peak sodium valproate concentration and lasted up to 5
      days.

PMID- 369855
TI  - Valproic acid binding to human serum albumin and determination of free fraction
      in the presence of anticonvulsants and free fatty acids.
AB  - The interaction between valproic acid (VPA) and human serum albumin (HSA) was
      investigated using the equilibrium dialysis technique under various conditions.
      Solutions of VPA in HSA (2 x 10(-4) M) were dialyzed against isotonic phosphate
      buffer at 37 degrees C. Protein and buffer compartments  were assayed for VPA by
      GLC. The free fraction (alpha) of VPA increased from 0.13 at 27 microgram/ml to
      0.49 at 103 microgram/ml. Scatchard plots were linear, indicating the existence
      of one type of binding site. The mean (+/- % SD) number of binding sites per
      macromolecule was 2.06 +/- 3.7% and the mean (+/- % SD) association constant was
      2.69 x 10(4) +/- 15.0% liters/mole. The effects of three anticonvulsants
      (phenytoin, phenobarbital, and carbamazepine) and four major free fatty acids
      (FFA) (stearic, palmitic, oleic, and linoleic) on alpha were studied. The free
      fraction, 0.18, was not affected by phenobarbital (20 and 40 microgram/ml),
      carbamazepine (10 and 20 microgram/ml) or phenytoin (20 and 40 microgram/ml).
      Each of the four FFA caused a significant increase in alpha: 19--48% increase at
      100 microgram/ml of FFA and 88--118% at 200 microgram/ml.

PMID- 369856
TI  - Protein interactions in the outer membrane of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Specific protein interactions in Escherichia coli outer membrane were analyzed
      using chemical cross-linking with truly cleavable reagents and symmetrical two
      dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The major
      outer membrane proteins were shown to form cross-linked complexes. These include
      multimers of lambda receptor, protein I, II, III and the free form of
      lipoprotein. Lipoprotein was also found to be cross-linked to proteins II and
      III. The identity of many of these complexes was verified using appropriate
      mutants missing the proteins in question. No new protein interactions were
      detected in the mutants even when three of the major proteins were missing.
      Proteins II, III and the free form of lipoprotein could also be cross-linked to
      the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall.

PMID- 369857
TI  - Peptidyl transferase of bacterial ribosome: resistance to proteinase K.
AB  - 70-S ribosomes and 50-S ribosomal subunits from Escherichia coli D10 were treated
      with proteinase K for increasing periods of time. Peptidyl transferase activity
      and sparsomycin-induced binding of (U)C-A-C-C-A-[3H]Leu-Ac were tested in the
      treated particles, the binding of the substrate being more sensitive to the
      protease than peptide bond formation. Comparison of the amounts of proteins
      present in the treated particles with the residual activity indicates that only
      proteins L3 and L14 are released at a similar rate to that at which peptidyl
      transferase activity is lost. Proteins related to this ribosomal activity by
      other techniques are lost at a faster rate than the activity itself. In addition,
      the results indicate that sparsomycin stimulates the binding of the substrate by
      a different mechanism from that which inhibits peptide bond formation.

PMID- 369859
TI  - Molecular organization of the outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 369858
TI  - On the function of the ribosomal protein S1 in the elongation cycle of bacterial
      protein synthesis.

PMID- 369860
TI  - Professor Bo Vahlquist. In memoriam.

PMID- 369861
TI  - Immunofluorescent serum gliadin antibodies in children with coeliac disease and
      various malabsorptive disorders. I. Technique, clinical evaluation and diagnostic
      use of a gliadin antibody assay using pyruvic aldehyde-treated human red cells.
AB  - An immunofluorescent gliadin antibody assay is described using pyruvic aldehyde
      stabilized human erythrocytes coated with gliadin. Fifty coeliac children all had
      high serum IgG-antigliadin titres during a normal diet or a challenge with
      gluten. On a gluten-free diet (30 children), titres were much lower. In patients
      followed-up for one year on a gluten-free diet, an initial rise in titres was
      followed by a slow decline. On challenge, IgG-antigliadin titres showed a slow
      rise or persistence at the same level in most patients. Fifty-two percent of
      control children with malabosrptive disorders, but without the typical "flat"
      mucosal lesion on jejunal biopsy, were shown to have positive titres in their
      sera, as were 6% of normal children and 4% of adult blood donors. The fluorescent
      antibody technique was compared with methods commonly used to detect wheat
      protein antibodies, and was found to be superior to all of them. The
      immunofluorescent gliadin antibody assay appears to be useful in following-up
      children with coeliac disease, and in selecting patients for jejunal biopsy,
      although it does not replace biopsy.

PMID- 369862
TI  - Immunofluorescent serum gliadin antibodies in children with coeliac disease and
      various malabsorptive disorders. II. Specificity of Gliadin antibodies:
      immunoglobulin classes, immunogenic properties of wheat protein fractions, and
      pathogenic significance of food antibodies in coeliac disease.

PMID- 369863
TI  - Human milk anti-E. coli antibodies: relationship to maternal parity.

PMID- 369864
TI  - Combination of electromyographic and histological examination of skeletal muscle
      with an aspiration biopsy needle.

PMID- 369865
TI  - Torsion dystonia: a case with delayed remission following thalamotomy and
      phenothiazine therapy.
AB  - Torsion dystonia in 13-year-old girl progressed to severe opisthotonus and
      dystonic posturing of the limbs, accompanied by severe psychic changes, cachexia
      and calcification around joints. Drug therapy was ineffective. Ventrolateral
      thalamotomy and chlorpromazine brought about a delayed but remarkable
      amelioration of all symptoms and signs, still present 4 years later.

PMID- 369866
TI  - Renal transplantation: patients with previous saphenous vein-coronary artery
      bypass grafts.
AB  - 2 patients underwent saphenous vein-coronary artery bypass grafting before
      successful renal transplantation. Both patients were able to undergo appropriate
      therapy for various complications, which further emphasizes the resilience that
      these patients can have after adequate coronary revascularization.

PMID- 369867
TI  - Serological evidence for antigenic differences between the Mason-Pfizer monkey
      virus (MPMV) and an MPMV-like virus (PMFV) detected in a malignant permanent
      human cell line.

PMID- 369868
TI  - Paracetamol versus placebo: effects on post-operative course.
AB  - Paracetamol was compared with placebo in a double-blind crossover study, in which
      essentially the same operation was performed on two separate occasions in 24
      healthy patients, namely surgical removal of bilateral impacted wisdom teeth.
      Commencing on the day of surgery, either paracetamol (Panodil; 1.0 g x 4 for 2
      days, then 0.5 g x 4 for the next 2 days) or placebo tablets were given, followed
      by crossover to the alternative treatment at the second operation about 4 weeks
      later. Several objective and subjective assessments were recorded for paired
      comparison of post-operative courses. Swelling on the 3rd day after operation
      when paracetamol was given averaged 71% of that measured when placebo was given
      (p less than 0.05). After paracetamol, a tendency was noted towards reduced local
      hyperpyrexia and less post-operative bleeding. The pain and preference scores
      were clearly in favour of paracetamol. The results provide evidence to suggest
      that paracetamol may reduce an acute, posttraumatic inflammatory reaction.

PMID- 369869
TI  - Insulin secretion and carbohydrate metabolism in the dystrophic mouse.
AB  - Dystrophic mice were investigated with regard to their regulation of blood
      glucose and insulin secretion in vivo. The following were also measured: tissue
      glycogen levels, activity of the glycogenolytic hydrolase, acid amyloglucosidase,
      and in vitro glucose utilization by liver, muscle and adipose tissue. Basal
      levels of blood glucose and plasma insulin of dystrophic mice were essentially
      within the same range as in the clinically unaffected littermate controls.
      Dystrophic mice had a decreased tolerance to glucose and glibenclamide; the
      secretion of insulin in response to these secretagogues was moderately reduced.
      Insulin release following beta-adrenergic stimulation, however, was increased in
      the dystrophic mice. Glycogen levels and acid amyloglucosidase activity were
      increased in dystrophic muscles but were normal in liver. Acid amyloglucosidase
      activity in pancreatic islets was lower in the dystrophic mouse. Glucose
      utilization in vitro appeared normal in liver tissue from dystrophic mice;  in
      dystrophic muscle there was a threefold increase in 14CO2-production with no
      concomitant increase in either glycogen or 14C-incorporation into glycogen. 14CO2
      production and 14C-incorporation into lipid and glycogen were increased in
      dystrophic adipose tissue. We suggest that the decreased glucose tolerance, and
      the reduced insulin response to glucose in the dystrophic mouse are compensated
      by an increased glucose utilization in muscle and adipose tissue and an increased
      beta-adrenergic-mediated secretion of insulin.

PMID- 369870
TI  - Pulmonary and systemic vascular effects of exogenous prostaglandin I2 in fetal
      lambs.
AB  - Effects of PGI2 upon pulmonary vascular resistance and systemic arterial pressure
      of near term fetuses were evaluated in anesthetized, exteriorized, unventilated
      fetal lambs by means of an open-chest, pump-perfused lung preparation. These
      effects were compared to those of PGE1 and PGE2 in the same animals.
      Intrapulmonary arterial infusions of PGI2 produced dose-dependent decreases in
      pulmonary vascular resistance and systemic arterial pressure. Effects of PGI2
      upon pulmonary vascular resistance are intermediate with respect to those of PGE1
      (greater) and PGE2 (less). PGI2 is a potent hypotensive compound when
      administered to fetal lambs, producing dose-dependent decreases in systemic
      arterial pressure.  When the three prostaglandins are infused into the pulmonary
      artery, effects on systemic arterial pressure of PGE1 and PGI2 are nearly
      identical. Effects of PGE2 are considerably less. PGI2 is a potent dilator of
      fetal lamb vessels and could play a role in circulatory control during perinatal
      transition.

PMID- 369872
TI  - Determination of the numerical density of spherical and ellipsoidal particles in
      the zona glomerulosa, based on distribution measurements. II. Application of the
      methods.
AB  - Stereologic investigations of the adrenal zona glomerulosa of rats were carried
      out in control, potassium loaded and heparin treated animals. The nuclei of the
      cells were considered as spheres, and the mitochondria as prolate (= elongated)
      ellipsoids of revolution. Size and shape distribution, numerical densities and
      mean volumes of particles were calculated. Control measurements were performed in
      order to test the acceptability of estimation errors. These stereologic methods
      proved to be suitable in experimental studies.

PMID- 369871
TI  - Murine yolk sac hematopoiesis studied with the diffusion chamber technique.
AB  - The proliferation and differentiation of visceral and of parietal yolk sac cells
      from 9-day-old mouse embryos were studied in diffusion chambers (DC). After
      culture, the visceral yolk sac yielded predominantly macrophages whereas the
      parietal yolk sac displayed mainly plasmocyte-like cells. It is shown the latter
      do not synthesize immunoglobulin but rather elaborate Reichert's membrane.
      Neither visceral nor parietal yolk sac contained detectable pluripotent stem
      cells (CFUs) prior to or after DC culture, a finding which is discussed in the
      light of the current literature.

PMID- 369873
TI  - Correlations between the neurobiology of colour vision and the psycholinguistics
      of colour naming.
AB  - Neurobiological experiments demonstrate that colour sensation is perceived by the
      brain by processes which, in principle, follow the opponent colour pairs scheme
      proposed by Hering in 1874. Tests on colour naming in various European, Asian and
      Central American languages have shown that the opponent scheme is also reflected
      in psycholinguistics. The linguistic evolution of colour terms proposed by Berlin
      and Kay (1969) is correlated directly with the ontogenetic development of
      language in children as elucidated by Jakobson (1941). Colour vision is therefore
      a suitable field for interdisciplinary investigations of brain processes and
      linguistics.

PMID- 369874
TI  - Effect of acetylsalicylate on surgical bleeding, postoperative mortality and
      allograft survival in rats undergoing heart transplantation.
AB  - 18 rats were treated with L-ASA before heart transplantation and daily thereafter
      until death or rejection. 22 animals acted as controls. A significantly higher
      post-operative mortality rate, without any significant modification of the
      transplant survival time, was found in L-ASA-treated group.

PMID- 369875
TI  - Somatostatin content and release of isolated pancreatic islets from obese
      hyperglycemic mice.
AB  - The somatostatin content in pancreatic islets of obese-hyperglycemic mice was
      much lower than in the islets of normal mice. Also the release of somatostatin
      was decreased from the islets obtained from the obese-hyperglycemic mice. Tissue
      culture for 1 week changed neither the content of, nor the amount of somatostatin
      released from, the pancreatic islets.

PMID- 369876
TI  - Effect of suppression of endocrine or exocrine pancreatic function in hemorrhagic
      shock.
AB  - Somatostatin did not influence the pathologic consequences of hemorrhagic shock,
      but pancreatic duct ligation prevented the post-oligemic decline of arterial
      pressure and formation of toxic factors. These results indicate that pancreatic
      acinar cells release myocardial depressant factor and are important in the
      pathophysiology of shock.

PMID- 369877
TI  - Reactions of cysteine, its derivatives, glutathione coenzyme A, and dihydrolipoic
      acid with isothiocyanates.
AB  - Isothiocyanates react with deprotonated SH groups of investigated compounds to
      give the esters of N-monosubstituted dithiocarbamic acid. In the presence of the
      SH and NH2 groups (Cys, GSH), isothiocyanates react primarily with the SH groups.
      The reactions are dependent on the pKa SH values.

PMID- 369878
TI  - lambda-Prophage induction by furocoumarin photosensitization.
AB  - Furocoumarin photosensitization induces lambda-prophage from lysogenic
      Escherichia coli cells; this effect is clearly due to the photoreaction that
      furocoumarins give with DNA, and it appears connected with the formation of
      monoadducts rather than of diadducts (cross-links).

PMID- 369879
TI  - Plasma protein accumulation in injured endothelial cells. Immunofluorescent
      localization of IgG and fibrinogen in the rabbit aortic endothelium.

PMID- 369881
TI  - Family interaction and communication deviance in disturbed and normal families: a
      review of research.
AB  - Recent family interaction studies are reviewed with an emphasis on looking for
      dimensions along which disturbed and normal families differ. Several areas of
      consistency in the literature were found, including: family coalition patterns,
      patterns of conflict, flexibility versus rigidity, family effectiveness and
      efficiency, and deviant styles of communication. It was concluded that several
      measures reliably discriminate disturbed from normal families and that one type
      of measure in particular is a reliable predictor of thought disorder in
      offspring. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.

PMID- 369880
TI  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) activity in rat kidney-stimulated by angiotensin II.

PMID- 369882
TI  - [Limitations of the isotopic evaluation of the effects of diftalone and
      indomethacin on inflammation induced with subcutaneous injection of microcrystals
      of monosodic urate].

PMID- 369883
TI  - Effect of calcitonin on glucose--stimulated insulin secretion in normal, obese
      and prediabetic subjects.

PMID- 369884
TI  - [Effectiveness of lipamide in experimental hepatic dystrophy].

PMID- 369886
TI  - The binding site for the 3'-terminus of aminoacyl-tRNA in the molecule of
      elongation factor Tu from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 369885
TI  - [S-Acyl derivatives of thiosalicylamides having antifungal activity. II].
AB  - Some S-acyl derivatives of N-alkylthiosalicylamides [Table I: substances (I leads
      to XXXI)] were prepared and tested for antifungal activity. The substances, most
      of which had not been previously reported, were prepared by condensation of 2
      mercapto-N-alkylbenzamides with suitable acylating agents. The antifungal
      activity of the compounds was tested in vitro against Candida albicans and
      Trichophyton mentagrophytes. For some compounds the was tested activity against
      the above strains fungicidal, Candida tropicalis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
      Many of the compounds proved to have high antifungal activity comparable with
      that of Clotrimazol. The results extended knowledge on the structure-antifungal
      activity relationships of this class of compounds. The compounds with the highest
      antifungal activity were: 2-acetylmercapto-N,n-heptylbenzamide (XXVIII); 2
      acetylmercapto-5-Cl-N,n-propylbenzamide (XIV); 2-acetylmercapto-N,n
      octylbenzamide (XXXI); 2-acetylmercapto-N,n-pentylbenzamide (XXV); 2
      acetylmercapto-N,n-hexylbenzamide (XXVII).

PMID- 369887
TI  - Induction of ovulation with clomiphene citrate.

PMID- 369888
TI  - Failed intrauterine device contraception and limb reduction deformities: a case
      control study.
AB  - Three recent case reports have suggested an association between failed
      intrauterine device (IUD) contraception and limb reduction deformities in the
      resulting offspring. To clarify further the purported teratogenic role of the IUD
      in the etiology of these defects, we conducted a case-control study of 96 mothers
      who had given birth to infants with limb defects. Interview data about IUD
      exposure at conception among these mothers were compared with interview data from
      2 sets of controls: (1) 915 mothers of infants with other major defects and (2) a
      subset of the first group consisting of 169 mothers with chromosomally defective
      infants. No significant increase in the incidence of IUD use was found for cases
      when compared with either control group. Estimates of the relative risk were 1.28
      (95% confidence limits [CL]of 0.29 to 5.67) and 1.78 (95% CL of 0.25 to 12.82)
      when the first and second groups of controls were used, respectively. These risk
      figures were not significantly different from 1.0. The evidence accumulated thus
      far militates against a teratogenic role for the IUD.

PMID- 369889
TI  - Pituitary adenoma and oral contraceptives: a case-control study.
AB  - A search of the centralized data resource available at the Mayo Clinic for all
      cases of pituitary adenoma diagnosed in the population of Olmstead County,
      Minnesota, disclosed an increasing incidence of this tumor in women of
      childbearing age. The sex, age, and temporal relationships suggest that, if this
      increase is real, oral contraceptives should be considered as one of the possible
      etiologic factors. A case-control study, however, did not reveal an association
      of prior use of oral contraceptives with pituitary tumor--relative risk, 0.5; 95%
      confidence interval, 0.1 to 2.2. No association was found with other possible
      risk factors, i.e., prior head injury, radiation therapy, seizures, and smoking.
      Thus, unless other etiologic agents can be identified, it appears that the
      increasing incidence is due to advances in diagnostic and surgical technology
      rather than to a specific etiologic factor.

PMID- 369890
TI  - Possible luteolytic effects of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in normal
      women.
AB  - The administration of five subcutaneous 250-microgram doses of lutienizing
      hormone (LH)-releasing hormone (LHRH) at 4-hour intervals, the first injection
      being given at 8 A.M. on 1 or 2 consecutive days between days 1 and 9 following
      the LH surge in normal women, shortened the luteal phase from 1 to 4 days in 16
      of 17 treatment cycles. There was a better efficiency of treatment when LHRH was
      administered on days 6 to 9 after the LH surge as compared with days 1 to 5. In
      fact, the luteal phase was shortened from 3.3 +/- 0.2 days versus 1.4 +/- 0.2
      days (P less than 0.01) and the serum progesterone level was decreased to 44% +/-
      6% versus 71% +/- 6% of control levels (P less than 0.01) when the neurohormone
      was injected late as compared with early in the luteal phase. The present data
      raise the possibility of a luteolytic effect of LHRH in normal women and indicate
      the interest of such a near-physiologic approach for the control of luteal
      function and time of appearance of menses.

PMID- 369891
TI  - Gonadotropin-like substance in the preimplanted rabbit blastocyst.
AB  - The presence of a gonadotropin-like substance in preimplanted rabbit blastocyst
      fluid was determined bu radioreceptorassay of human chorionic gonadotropin
      (hCG)/luteinizing hormone (LH), using receptors prepared from bovine corpus
      luteum, rat testis, and rat ovaries. An average of 16.6 microliter of fluid
      containing 0.83 ng of luteotropic material was recovered from each blastocyst. An
      intense fluorescence was exhibited by the trophoblastic cells of the blastocysts
      treated with fluorescein-conjugated gamma-globulin isolated from antiserum raised
      against human chorionic gonadotropin. Serum concentrations of LH as well as
      estradiol, progesterone, and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone up to day 6 after
      mating were determined in pregnant rabbits and compared with those in
      pseudopregnant and normal rabbits. In pregnant rabbits after mating, a surge of
      62 +/- 15 ng of luteinizing hormone and 73 +/- 22 ng of progesterone/ml of serum
      occurred which returned to basal levels at 6 hours and on day 1, respectively.
      Secondary increases in serum luteinizing hormone of 26 +/- 12 to 36 +/- 16 ng/ml
      on days 3 and 5 and in serum progesterone of 16 +/- 4 and 14 +/- 5 ng/ml on days
      5 and 6, respectively, were observed in pregnant rabbits.

PMID- 369892
TI  - [Functional evaluation of Trauner's method of surgery of the mouth floor].

PMID- 369893
TI  - [Plaque defense mechanism. Review of the literature].

PMID- 369894
TI  - [Contribution of dental history to the biography of Endre Ady and Attila Jozsef].

PMID- 369895
TI  - [The anchorage of removable partial prosthetic appliances from the preventive
      viewpoint].

PMID- 369896
TI  - Group B streptococcal septicemia in the newborn.

PMID- 369897
TI  - Group B streptococcal colonization rates in newborn infants and pregnant women.

PMID- 369898
TI  - The identification of the mummy of the "elder lady" in the tomb of Amenhotep II
      as Queen Tiye.

PMID- 369900
TI  - [Modelling a cast prosthesis (I)].

PMID- 369899
TI  - [Dental technic in service of prosthetics].

PMID- 369901
TI  - [General gnathology (conclusion): history of an oral rehabilitation].

PMID- 369902
TI  - [Champfer-shoulder-pin attachment (II)].

PMID- 369903
TI  - [Important contributions to dental technology. A summary of the anniversary of
      the DGZP].

PMID- 369904
TI  - [Designing a cast prosthesis (II)].

PMID- 369905
TI  - [Porcelain crowns--porcelain jacket crowns (II)].

PMID- 369906
TI  - [Champfer-shoulder-pin attachment (conclusion)].

PMID- 369907
TI  - [Technical formation of bridge restorations].

PMID- 369908
TI  - [Dental precious metal-ceramic].

PMID- 369909
TI  - [Telescope system for rehabilitation of operated cleft].

PMID- 369910
TI  - [Modelling a case prosthesis (conclusion)].

PMID- 369911
TI  - Dental anthropologists unlock secrets of prehistoric past.

PMID- 369912
TI  - International Journal of Biochemistry. Claude Rimington Festschrift. Foreword to
      the professor Claude Rimington Festschrift.

PMID- 369913
TI  - The effect of changed sterol composition on the kinetics of mitochondrial
      membrane enzymes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae [proceedings].

PMID- 369914
TI  - Regulatory properties of pyruvate carboxylase from Aspergillus nidulans: evidence
      for the presence of a masked activator site [proceedings].

PMID- 369915
TI  - Role of subunits in yeast ribonucleic acid polymerase A [proceedings].

PMID- 369916
TI  - Metabolism of anticancer drugs: a rapid and specific enzyme immunoassay for
      methotrexate [proceedings].

PMID- 369917
TI  - Analytical subcellular fractionation and enzymic analysis of dystrophic mouse
      skeletal muscle [proceedings].

PMID- 369919
TI  - Solubilization and partial purification of the membrane-bound hydrogenase of
      Escherichia coli [proceedings].

PMID- 369918
TI  - The cytochrome content of Escherichia coli grown with different terminal electron
      acceptors [proceedings].

PMID- 369920
TI  - The purification and reconstitution of the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide
      translocase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae [proceedings].

PMID- 369921
TI  - A controlled comparative trial of a new antidepressant, ciclazindol.
AB  - The author describes a controlled, double-blind, comparative trial of a new
      tetracyclic compound, ciclazindol (WY 23409), against amitriptyline in the
      treatment of thirty-five patients admitted to hospital with depressive illness.
      Each patient was randomly allocated to three weeks treatment with either 50 mg
      b.d. ciclazindol or 50 mg b.d. amitriptyline. In the event of a poor response the
      dose level was raised to 75 mg b.d. Separation of cases of endogenous depression
      and severity of depression were assessed by the Levine-Pilowsky Depression
      Questionnaire, a self-rating technique. Severity of depression was also assessed
      using the Hamilton Rating Scale. No significant difference was noted between the
      drugs in either the degree or the rate of response nor when the endogenous cases
      alone were studied. The interesting observation was made that only one-third of
      ciclazindol patients gained weight compared to almost three-quarters of the
      amitriptyline group and the mean weight gain of the latter was over double that
      of the ciclazindol group. The author concludes that ciclazindol offers promise
      and merits further study using higher dosage levels once its full safety trials
      have been completed.

PMID- 369922
TI  - Multicentre study of 'Flagyl' in the prevention of post-operative anaerobic
      infection.
AB  - In a study carried out with 565 patients undergoing gynaecological and general
      surgical procedures, metronidazole ('Flagyl') was used pre- and post-operatively
      and the incidence of post-operative infection, particularly that due to anaerobic
      organisms, was recorded. This was not a controlled study but, by comparison with
      other series, it would appear that the use of oral metronidazole had
      substantially reduced the likelihood of supervention of anaerobic sepsis. It is
      probable that the use of intravenous metronidazole therapy would have reduced the
      incidence of anaerobic sepsis still further had this preparation been available
      at the time.

PMID- 369924
TI  - A comparison of indoprofen and indomethacin in the supportive treatment of soft
      tissue injuries in football players: a pilot study.
AB  - Twenty-four professional footballers suffering from recent soft-tissue injuries
      were included in a double-blind pilot trial comparing the efficacy and
      tolerability of indoprofen 800 mg/day and indomethacin 80 mg/day. Twelve subjects
      were allocated at random to each of the two drugs. Mean reduction of pain and
      swelling by the 3rd day of treatment was greater in the indoprofen group, as was
      the rate of disappearance of these symptoms, calculated in terms of t 1/2. A
      statistically significant (p less than 0.05) superiority of indoprofen versus
      indomethacin was, however, reached only for pain elicited by active movement. No
      adverse reactions were recorded with either drug.

PMID- 369923
TI  - Aldactone and acebutolol in treatment of hypertension.
AB  - Twenty-one essential hypertensives were randomly treated with Aldactone,
      acebutolol or a combination of the two drugs. Statistically significant falls in
      systolic and diastolic pressures were demonstrated during treatment with
      Aldactone 100 mg daily, also when acebutolol and Aldactone 200 mg daily were
      administered. When the combination of Aldactone and acebutolol was given,
      diastolic pressures were lowered to a greater degree than seen with individual
      treatments.

PMID- 369925
TI  - A multicentre double-blind comparison of oxaprozin aspirin therapy on rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - Preliminary clinical studies showed that oxaprozin (4,5 Diphenyl-2
      oxazolepropionic acid) has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties with a
      plasma half-life of about 40 hours. Consequently, a multicentre, double-blind
      parallel trial was conducted for 12 weeks at thirteen investigator sites,
      utilizing 212 patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis and comparing oxaprozin
      600 mg/day, oxaprozin 1200 mg/day and aspirin 3900 mg/day. Both the oxaprozin and
      aspirin-treated patients had statistically significant improvement from baseline
      periods, in most key categories evaluated. Oxaprozin administered twice a day
      (b.i.d.) was as effective as aspirin administered four times a day (q.i.d.) and
      caused significantly less tinnitus (p less than 0.001). Fewer patients receiving
      high dose oxaprozin (2%) dropped out of the study because of unsatisfactory
      response than did those receiving aspirin (10%). There were no clinically
      significant laboratory abnormalities in the gastro-intestinal, renal, hepatic or
      haematological parameters monitored. This study suggests that oxaprozin is
      effective and well tolerated in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 369926
TI  - Comparison of efficacy of amoxapine and imipramine in a multi-clinic double-blind
      study using the WHO schedule for a standard assessment of patients with
      depressive disorders.
AB  - A multi-clinic double-blind controlled study on amoxapine in comparison with
      imipramine, using the WHO Schedule for a Standard Assessment of Patients with
      Depressive Disorders, was performed and the data were analyzed with 111 patients.
      The assessment of severity of illness and overall improvement indicated clearly
      the superiority of the antidepressive effect of amoxapine to that of imipramine.
      The onset of antidepressive effect of amoxapine was clearly more rapid than that
      of imipramine, and in more than half of the patients in the amoxapine group the
      improvement was seen within four days following the drug administration.
      Amoxapine was superior to imipramine in terms of safety and usefulness. The side
      effects due to amoxapine appeared less frequently and were less serious than with
      imipramine. The difference between amoxapine and imipramine was especially
      remarkable for hypotensive effect. The antidepressive effect of amoxaphine was
      superior to that of imipramine for almost all symptoms and signs. Amoxapine
      displayed an especially remarkable effect on psychomotor retardation, depressive
      feeling, anxiety and tension, somatic complaints and sleep disturbance.

PMID- 369927
TI  - Kinetics of native insulin in diabetic, obese, and aged men.
AB  - The kinetics of unlabeled porcine insulin were studied in 69 nondiabetic male
      subjects aged 18-83 yr with obesity indexes of 0.93 - 1.51 and in 12 maturity
      onset diabetics age 46-78 yr with obesity indexes of 0.95-1.56 by using the
      euglycemic clamp technique. Analysis of the insulin kinetic data by using a
      mathematical model permitted the determination, for each individual, of steady
      state distribution masses and degradation rate constants. The individuals were
      grouped to allow comparison of the results on the basis of age, obesity index, or
      diabetes. The responses over a period of 120 min to an infusion and wash out of
      insulin show some transient as well as steady state differences with age,
      obesity, or diabetes. Analysis of these data by use of compartmental models leads
      to the conclusion that in the steady state the ratio of insulin in extravascular
      spaces to that in plasma (T/P) is decreased in the moderately obese group (26%)
      and in the diabetic group (17%) but increased in the older group (13%) when each
      is compared with the appropriate control. Since extravascular insulin includes
      both insulin bound to receptors and insulin in the interstitial fluid, the
      observed changes in the extravascular to plasma mass ratio most likely reflect
      changes in in vivo binding to receptors, although the magnitude of the change
      would be modified somewhat by changes in the size of the interstitial spaces
      relative to plasma. In addition, the rate of entry of new insulin into plasma
      (BSDR) was increased in the diabetic population (45%; P less than 0.02) as well
      as in the moderately obese group (27%) but was decreased somewhat in the older
      group (11%). The following general conclusions can be drawn from the results: The
      pattern of parameter changes seen with obesity is similar to that seen with
      maturity-onset diabetes. The decrease in T/P seen with obesity and with maturity
      onset diabetes cannot be accounted for solely by changes in fasting plasma
      insulin levels in these populations. The pattern of changes seen in the older
      subjects is opposite that seen in the maturity-onset diabetics, which suggests
      that diabetes is a perturbation distinct from the normal aging process. Finally,
      the changes in the metabolism of insulin are not large, making it unlikely that
      they are the sole cause of the major alterations in glucose tolerance seen with
      aging, obesity, or diabetes.

PMID- 369928
TI  - Syngeneic transplantation of fetal rat pancreas. III. Effect of insulin treatment
      on the growth and differentiation of the pancreatic implants after reversal of
      diabetes.
AB  - Eight 18-316 fetal pancreases were transplanted to syngeneic alloxan diabetic
      male rats. Some of the recipients were treated with insulin for a 7-day period
      immediately after transplant. By previously published clinical criteria, three
      groups of recipients could be identified after reversal of diabetes by the
      transplanted tissue: insulin-treated rapid reversal; insulin-treated slow
      reversal; and control (not treated with insulin). Five animals in each group were
      sacrificed after glucose tolerance testing for morphologic and hormonal analysis
      of the transplanted tissue. The insulin-,glucagon-, and somatostatin-positive
      islet cell masses of the fetal pancreatic implants were quantitated. There was a
      correlation between the beta cell mass of the implants and the glucose tolerance
      exhibited by the host animals. The rapid response insulin-treated recipients had
      significantly greater implant beta cell mass and insulin content compared with
      the other groups. There was no difference in implant alpha cell mass among the
      groups, but the insulin-treated implants had a significantly greater glucagon
      content. The delta cell mass of insulin-treated rapid response was less than that
      of the other two groups. The results are discussed in relation to previously
      reported morphometric analysis 15 days after transplantation. The relationships
      of transplanted beta cell mass, beta cell differentiation, transplant site, and
      cell-to-cell interactions within the transplanted islet to the control of glucose
      homeostasis are also discussed.

PMID- 369929
TI  - Exercise and diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 369930
TI  - [Clinical trial of a new long-acting fenfluramine in the treatment of obesity].

PMID- 369931
TI  - [Microsurgery in plastic and reconstructive surgery].

PMID- 369932
TI  - [Reflections on the advances of anesthesiology as a specialty and its
      repercussions in the current practice of medicine].

PMID- 369933
TI  - [Angiomas of the small intestine: diagnostic and therapeutic problems].

PMID- 369934
TI  - [Wirsungorrhagia. Report of a case and review of the literature (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 369935
TI  - Dental infection in a cirrhotic patient. Source of recurrent sepsis.
AB  - A patient with alcoholic cirrhosis had multiple episodes of sepsis with
      Klebsiella pneumonia. Repeated searches for the source of infection finally
      revealed the organism in the root of a tooth. Evidence indicated that this site
      was the primary source of infection. The importance of dental infections in
      alcoholics and the difficulty in diagnosing those infections are emphasized by
      this case.

PMID- 369936
TI  - A personal history of the fiberscope.

PMID- 369937
TI  - [Stereotaxic: measurements of the skull cap and skull base in merino sheep (Ovis
      aries L.)].
AB  - On the 14 skulls of 6-month old merino labms, stereotaxical measurements were
      carried out. Not only individual variations were found, but they also dependent
      on sex. A small assymetry was found on the diagrams of frontal measurements of
      the skull cap and base. The point bregma is more variable than the lambda. The
      position of the cranial third of the skull base in 6 month old lambs is not yet
      constant and until adult age it will shift about 30 degrees to 35 degrees
      dorsalward and forward. Since the skull cap and base do not grow parallely, and
      their cranial part has not constant position, we do not recommended this age
      group for chronic experiments with implanted electrodes. Owing to smaller
      variations of the skull cap and base and nearer position of the sutura sagittalis
      toward the medial line, male lambs would be more suitable for short-term
      experiments and for the stereotactic atlas of deep brain structures.

PMID- 369938
TI  - The effects of crowding stress on the pancreatic islets morphology in golden
      hamsters.
AB  - Behavior and the pancreatic islets morphology of golden hamsters exposed for
      different periods (24 h, 15 and 30 d) to crowding stress were investigated. The
      crowding induced an intensive turmoil and enhanced irritability and
      aggressiveness, particularly among the female specimens. Within a week, a rank
      hierarchy seemed to establish and therefore, later the fighting incidence was
      more reduced. Marked morphological alterations were recorded in the endocrine
      pancreas, affecting in various degrees all cell types, but especially the insulin
      producing cells. The B-cells showed increased sizes, higher incidence of mitotic
      divisions, a drastical reduction of secretory granules amounts, enlargement of
      GOLGI complexes, mitochondria swelling and extension of the ergastoplasm. On the
      other hand, after 30 d, part of these cells displayed pycnotic nuclei, large
      cytoplasmic vacuoles and increased number of lasosomes and lipid inclusions. Due
      to the B-cell hyperplasia, the relative number of both A1- and A2-cells per islet
      occurred diminished and their typical localization modified.  The islets of 15
      and 30 d crowded specimens showed enlarged sinusoids and clear peri-insular
      spaces. The above morphological modifications, which suggest as a whole the
      global stimulation of gland secretory activity, are presented in relation with
      other authors findings. The presumably involvements of adrenal-cortex and 
      medulla hormones in the mediation of stress-induced glycemic and pancreatic
      alterations are discussed.

PMID- 369939
TI  - Insulin administration in the frog Rana tigrina: studies on the blood glucose and
      the histology of the endocrine pancreas.
AB  - The effect of various doses of insulin (25-, 50-, and 150 U/kg body weight) on
      the blood glucose level and islet-cytology of the frog Rana tigrina was studied
      until 96 h. Following the hormonal administration the frogs exhibited
      hypoglycemia, abnormal neuromuscular activity and degranulation of both the
      insulin secreting beta- and glucagon secreting alpha-(alpha2-) cells of the
      pancreatic islets. The action of insulin was dose and temperature dependent; the
      higher the dose and temperature, the greater the hypoglycemia and atrophy of
      islet tissue. The insulin-induced convulsive activity appears to be due to the
      direct action of this hormone on the nervous system; the shocks are not
      influenced by thermal variation. The great sensitivity of Rana tigrina to
      exogenous insulin seems to be related to only a few alpha2-cells in the endocrine
      pancreas and consequently, a smaller amount of circulating glucagon in this
      animal.

PMID- 369940
TI  - [In memoriam Leo Tolstoy Samuels].

PMID- 369941
TI  - [Are Hegar's rods omissible? (author's transl)].
AB  - The widening effect of Sulproston 500 microgram IM on the cervix uteri was
      investigated in a double-blind study conducted in 50 non-pregnant volunteers. In
      women in the postmenopausal stage who had been given Sulproston, resistance-free
      widening of the cervix with Hegar's rods was H 8.33 +/- 0.87. Easy passage of the
      cervix uteri and of the internal os uteri was achieved with Hegar 8.22 +/- 0.66
      in the first half of the cycle and with Hegar 8.35 +/- 3.06 in the second half of
      the cycle. In all three groups, the size of the rods was significantly smaller
      following intramuscular application of physiological saline solution. The
      widening effect of PGE2 or PGE2 derivatives on the cervix, which has been known
      for quite some time in patients with pregnant uterus, applies in equal measure to
      the non-pregnant cyclic uterus and to the postmenopausal uterus.

PMID- 369942
TI  - Evidence for a biological role of somatostatin in the Pacific hagfish, Eptatretus
      stouti.

PMID- 369944
TI  - [Specificity of introducing the transposon that determines chloramphenicol
      resistance (Tn9) into the chromosome of Escherichia coli K-12].
AB  - Translocation of Tn9 coding for chloramphenicol-resistance from lambdaatt80
      genome into bacterial chromosome was studied. Three preferential sites of Tn9
      integration, attTn9A, ATTTn9B and attTn9C, were found on the chromosome of
      Escherichia coli K-12; attTn9A was mapped between purD and rpoB loci, attTn9B was
      cotransducible with argG, attTn9C was located between 61 and 66 minutes of the
      standard E. coli K-12 genetic map. The integration of Tn9 in these att sites
      occurs with almost equal probability. Tn9 integrated in attTn9A shown
      significantly higher frequency of excision and P1-transduction frequency than Tn9
      integrated in either of two other attTn9 sites.

PMID- 369943
TI  - Isolation, genetic mapping and some characterization of a mutation in Escherichia
      coli that affects the processing of ribonuleic acid.
AB  - Temperature-sensitive mutants were isolated from an rnc (RNase III-) strain of
      Escherichia coli, and their rRNA metabolism was analyzed on 3% polyacrylamide
      gels. One of these mutants was unable to produce 23S and 5S rRNAs at the
      nonpermissive temperature. When an rnc+ allele was introduced to this strain, it
      remained temperature sensitive. At the nonpermissive temperature, this strain
      could then produce 23S rRNA but was unable to make normal levels of 5S rRNA. In
      matings and transduction experiments, the defect in rRNA metabolism and
      temperature sensitivity behaved as a syndrome caused by a single point mutation,
      which was mapped at min 23.5 on the E. coli chromosome. This mutation probably
      affects an enzyme, ribonuclease E (RNase E), which introduces a cut in the
      nascent rRNA transcript between the 23S and the 5S rRNA cistrons. The mutation
      rne is recessive with respect to temperature sensitivity and the pattern of rRNA.
      Revertants able to grow at 43 degrees and with normal metabolism of rRNA were
      isolated; genetic analysis showed that they do not contain the original rne
      mutation, suggesting that they were true revertants. By combining the rne
      mutation with an rnc mutation, double rnc rne strains were synthesized, which
      behaved very similarly to the original rnc strain from which the rne mutation was
      isolated. Such strains have RNA metabolism that is similar to that of rnc strains
      at permissive temperatures, but at the nonpermissive temperature they fail to
      synthesize p23, m23, and 5S rRNAs. Thus, the experiments reported here, together
      with previous studies, suggest the existence of a new processing ribonuclease
      activity in Escherichia coli, which is called ribonuclease E.

PMID- 369945
TI  - [Regulation of the activity of Escherichia coli deo-operon structural genes: the
      mutation mapped within the operon boundaries and affecting drm and pup gene
      activity].
AB  - The mutant AIR38 is isolated from Escherichia coli K-12 strain deficient in
      thymidilate synthetase and deoxyriboaldolase (HfrH, thy, dra)--by selection for
      low thymine requirement on the medium containing inosine as the carbon source.
      Under the conditions mentioned the mutant AIR38 (thy, dra) grows at low thymine
      concentration (2 mkg/ml), and is uncapable to grow in the presence of thymidine
      (40 mkg/ml). Dra+ derivatives of the AIR38 do no catabolize inozine in the
      presence of thymidine as well. The mutation AIR38 is mapped within the deo-operon
      between drm and pup mutation markers. The levels of phosphodeoxyribomutase and
      purine nucleoside phosphorylase in cell extracts of AIR38 are 2.5-6-fold
      decreased. In transductional experiments with phage P1 and the mutant AIR38 as
      recipient the delayed haploidization of merozygotes dra+, AIR+/dra, AIR38, thy
      and the dominant expression of the sensitivity to thymidine in the presence of
      inosine as the carbon source are observed. It is supposed that the mutation AIR38
      affects the structural gene of purine nucleoside phosphorilase by altering the
      mode of interaction of this enzyme with the membrane under the conditions of
      thymine starvation.

PMID- 369946
TI  - [Mutagenic action of nitroso compounds on Escherichia coli cells].
AB  - An attempt to induce some forward and back mutations in two Escherichia coli
      strains (his- and HfrH requiring thiamine) under the action of the carcinogenic
      nitrosamines--dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)--is
      described. For this purpose the cells of E. coli were treated with 5% DMN or 1%
      DEN for 1 hour at 37 degrees C in 0.14 M NaCl. It was shown that the sensitivity
      of both strains to both nitrose compounds was not the same. DEN was 5-fold as
      toxic as DMN for the E. coli cells. DMN and DEN induced neither mutations of
      resistance to 10(-3) M valine, nor reversions in histidine-dependent strain.
      These mutations were obtained after the cells were treated with 0.1 M NaNO2.
      Lethal effects of DMN increased more than in 5 times and the toxicity of DEN did
      not change in hydroxylating mixture, in which nitrosamines derived to active
      compounds. Under these conditions both carcinogenes showed a mutagenic activity.
      DEN proved to be about twice as strong mutagenically as DMN. Thus, in our
      experiments we could see that DMN and DEN could induce both forward and back
      mutations in E. coli.

PMID- 369947
TI  - [Nikolai Vasil'evich Tsitsin (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 369948
TI  - [Vladimir Pavlovich Efroimson (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 369949
TI  - [On the 90th birthday of N. I. Vavilov].

PMID- 369950
TI  - [Bibliography of the foreign literature on genetics (July 1978)].

PMID- 369951
TI  - Mitochondrial instability in a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 369952
TI  - Restriction and modification enzymes and their recognition sequences.

PMID- 369953
TI  - Isolation, cloning and characterization of argF gene DNA from Escherichia coli K
      12.
AB  - A 1650 base pair (BP) fragment carrying the entire argF structural gene with its
      associated control regions was isolated from an EcoRI/BamHI digest of
      phi80argFilambda cI857 DNA. This segment was cloned using the EcoRI and BamHI
      cleavage sites in the plasmid pBR322. A preliminary restriction map of the argF
      region was prepared. RNA polymerase binding studies indicated that the argF
      promoter is located approx. 30 base pairs from the EcoRI terminus of the cloned
      DNA segment.

PMID- 369955
TI  - [Obstetrics and gynecology at the Silesian Medical Academy].

PMID- 369954
TI  - Cloning of the phr gene and amplification of photolyase in Escherichia coli.
AB  - A new technique is developed for physically enriching recombinant DNA molecules
      in an in vitro recombination mixture. UV-irradiation of the donor DNA before
      recombination enables photoreactivating enzyme (PRE) (deoxyribodipyrimidine
      photolyase, EC 4.1.99.3) to attach to the donor segments in recombinant
      molecules. This attached protein causes retention of the recombinant molecules on
      a nitrocellulose filter, while molecules not containing donor DNA pass through.
      The bound DNA  is repaired of its UV damage and released for insertion into cells
      by exposure to photoreactivating light in situ, yielding approx. 350-fold
      enrichment. Although applicable to any gene, this procedure has been used in
      cloning the Escherichia coli phr gene itself, permitting 100-fold amplification
      of the gene product in vivo.

PMID- 369956
TI  - [Immunological factors in functional female sterility].

PMID- 369957
TI  - [Plastic operations on the tricuspid valve of patients with combined rheumatic
      heart defects].

PMID- 369958
TI  - [Topographic-anatomical substantiation and surgical technic of transplantation of
      second heart into the thoracic cavity].

PMID- 369959
TI  - Influence of inflammatory bowel disease on intestinal microflora.
AB  - The microflora of the jejunum, ileum, and colon has been studied from operative
      samples in Crohn's disease (n = 30), ulcerative colitis (n = 15), and controls (n
      = 40). There was no significant difference in the flora of patients with
      ulcerative colitis compared with controls. In Crohn's disease there was a
      significant increase in E. coli (P less than 0.001) and B. fragilis (P less than
      0.001) in the ileum and of E. coli (P less than 0.001) and lactobacilli (P less
      than 0.01) in the colon. The abnormal ileal flora in Crohn's disease was
      unrelated to serological evidence of disease activity (indices: ESR, serum
      albumin, serum seromucoids), diameter of the ileum, or excision of the ileocaecal
      valve. The abnormal colonic flora in Crohn's disease was not related to presence
      of macroscopic colitis.

PMID- 369961
TI  - [Physiopathology of cholesterol gallstone appearance and new methods for their
      dissolution].

PMID- 369960
TI  - Maintenance of anal continence: a review of pelvic floor physiology.

PMID- 369962
TI  - [Amyloidosis--storage disease of various proteins].

PMID- 369963
TI  - A new host, Simulium argyreatum Meig., for the cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of
      blackflies in Czechoslovakia.
AB  - The cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV) from the midgut of blackfly larvae is
      recorded from a population of Simulium argyreatum in Czechoslovakia. A 7.7%
      infection of 2766 sampled larvae was manifested by white spots in their body. 85%
      of the white-spotted larvae were infected with CPV when sampled in June. In
      August 9% of 1377 larvae had white spots but only 10.6% of them were with CPV.
      Out of 823 collected pupae, only 3 imperfect pupae had the virus in apparent
      form. Other infections producing white spots in larvae were due to the
      microsporidia Plistophora multispora, P. simulii, P. debaisieuxi, Thelohania
      fibrata, the fungus Coelomycidium simulii and the mermithids.

PMID- 369964
TI  - [Effect of alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine (alpha-MPG) and sodium dipropylacetate
      (DPA) on antibody formation (III) (author's transl)].
AB  - Mechanisms of the immunostimulative activity. In the present paper, an
      investigation was carried out to clarify the mechanisms regarding
      immunostimulative activity of alpha-MPG and DPA. Phagocytosis of peritoneal
      macrophage was enhanced by high concentration of alpha-MPG, but was unaffected
      with DPA in vitro. Mice were immunized with an i.v. injection of sheep
      erythrocytes and 3 days later spleen cells were isolated and incubated with alpha
      MPG and DPA FOR 24 HR. Although neither drug affected the number of recovered and
      living cells, hemolytic plaque forming cells were increased with alpha-MPG and
      there was a tendency to increase with DPA. Phytohemagglutinin-P and/or
      lipopolysacchride E. coli-induced blast formation was not reinforced by either
      drug in spleen cells of mice, and no mitogenic activity was found in the spleen
      cells. In the early stage of immuno-response to polyvinylpyrrolidone as a T cell
      independent antigen, the titre of antibody showed no increase after either drug.
      alpha MPG and DPA apparently act as potentiators in antigen modifications of
      macrophages.

PMID- 369965
TI  - [Ozone-oxygen therapy for  gynecologic carcinomas. The effect of parenteral-ozone
      oxygen mixture administration on free fatty acids and triglycerides in patients
      with gynecologic carcinomas].
AB  - As some authors suspect that ozone influences the metabolic process of fat, we
      tried to analyse the influence of an ozone-oxygen gas which was applied
      parenterally. 40 patients with gynecological cancer received 10 ml ozone-oxygen
      gas with a content of 450 gamma ozone and venous blood was removed before and 10
      minutes after application. The serum was lyophilized and the level of fatty acids
      and triglycerids was determined by the method of Randerath (1965). a
      statistically significant decrease of the concentrations was observed after
      application of ozone. Different theories as to the cause of this action are
      discussed.

PMID- 369966
TI  - [In vivo study of the effects of i.v. immunoglobulin therapy. Tissue distribution
      of native and enzyme-treated human immunoglobulin fractions given i.v. in man].
AB  - The tissue distribution of intravenously injected native and enzyme-treated human
      gammaglobulin has been investigated in human rectum mucosa. FITC-labelled
      antibodies to human gammaglobulin were used to locate the injected antibody
      preparation. Three hours after application of these different gammaglobulin
      preparations no enrichment in the mucosa was found. Neither the native
      gammaglobulin nor the enzyme-treated gammaglobulin showed any concentration in
      the lamina propria of the large bowel mucosa or an intracellular enrichment in
      the epithel. This study shows that the quicker elimination of enzyme-treated
      gamma-globulin from the circulation cannot be explained by an intracellular
      increase.

PMID- 369967
TI  - [Immunological problems in radiotherapy and adjuvant cytostatic chemotherapy of
      breast cancer].
AB  - The possible importance of the immune system in early development and progression
      of breast cancer is being discussed. The different laboratory methods in
      controlling the specific and non-specific immune reactivity are summarized. The
      modificaiton of the immunological parameters by radio- resp. chemotherapy is
      critically presented on the basis of published data and on own results. An
      analysis of the data obtained by various immunological methods in respect to
      their consequences in diagnosis and prognosis is done. An immunological
      monitoring in the control of radio-, chemo- and immunotherapy in breast cancer
      patients is proposed.

PMID- 369968
TI  - [The problem of mutagenic side effects of psychotropic substances. 2. Narcotics
      and addictive drugs].

PMID- 369969
TI  - [Chromosome studies in patients with intermittent porphyria].

PMID- 369970
TI  - [Questioning of women in puerperium concerning their experiences at delivery].
AB  - 200 patients of the Universitats-Frauenklinik Wurzburg were asked in a
      quenstionnaire about their attitude towards antenatal care and child birth as
      performed in a big gynecological hospital. Safety was their main point for
      choosing a big hospital. Patients' reactions about intensive perinatal care,
      analgesia, husbands' presence and rooming in are summarized as well as their
      criticism of organization and treatment during the ante-, peri- and postnatal
      period. 5 conclusions are drawn to make child birth in a big hospital more
      humane.

PMID- 369972
TI  - Comparison of endocrine secretion by monolayer cultures derived by different
      procedures from neonatal hamster and rat pancreas.
AB  - Monolayer cultures derived from neonatal hamster or rat pancreas by two different
      epithelioid cell-enriching gravity sedimentation procedures varied in ability to
      maintain uniform levels of insulin secretion with increased culture age. Rat
      pancreatic cultures were superior in this respect to identically derived hamster
      preparations, depending on the preparative procedure employed. Quantitative
      differences in the temporal pattern of insulin secretion by different rat
      pancreatic culture preparations were ascribed to plating cell density and
      consequent terminal cell density as a function of preparative procedure such that
      reduced densities favored sustained secretory levels. These findings suggest the
      importance of tissue species and preparative procedure in deriving pancreatic
      monolayer cultures capable of sustained levels of insulin secretion with age.

PMID- 369971
TI  - [Development and current possibilities of cerebrospinal fluid diagnosis in the
      routine laboratory. 2. Studies on protein composition].
AB  - In the 1st part of this paper (Schulz et al. 1979) a survey was given of the
      cytological and the chemical procedures at present available for cerebrospinal
      fluid diagnostics. The 2nd part describes different laboratory methods to
      separate the protein mixture of cerebrospinal fluid into protein fractions or
      single proteins. These surveys intend both an improvement of the quality and a
      unification of laboratory methods regarding diagnostic examinations of
      cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 369973
TI  - Formulating therapeutic objectives as a prelude to program evaluation.
AB  - The author emphasizes the need for more precise formulation of goals for mental
      health treatment programs. He describes the Veterans Administration's five-year
      effort at goal formulation using ideas borrowed from operations research and
      education. With goals from various VA programs as examples, he illustrates how
      goal statements can be written with more specificity. He also describes how
      matching rating-scale items can be developed to measure the degree to which each
      goal is being met.

PMID- 369974
TI  - Cost controls a must, health panel head says.

PMID- 369975
TI  - New developments in deemed status.

PMID- 369976
TI  - Westat 1976 study: data limitations inhibit extrapolation.

PMID- 369977
TI  - Notes on the birth of the Blues.

PMID- 369978
TI  - More rigid costing formulas required under proposed federal regulations.
AB  - Many hospital laboratories are at a distinct disadvantage in competition with
      commercial laboratories, but a more reasoned approach to costs and utilization
      can erase the deficit.

PMID- 369979
TI  - The NHI debate: the balance of competing interests.

PMID- 369980
TI  - SHUR: a shift of power?
AB  - HEW's Health Care Financing Administration links uniform reporting and Medicare
      reimbursement under the provisions of the proposed System for Hospital Uniform
      Reporting. This summary of a position paper published by the public accounting
      firm Ernst & Ernst covers two questions: What will SHUR mean to hospitals? and,
      What can be done about it?

PMID- 369981
TI  - A Catholic health care system: who's responsible?
AB  - If Catholic hospitals cannot develop cooperative efforts within and among
      themselves, it will be difficult for them to do so with other health care systems
      or the government. Their desire to establish a united, comprehensive Catholic
      health care system is not enough; they must be willing to risk even a partial
      loss of independence in order to achieve this goal and preserve the Catholic
      healing ministry.

PMID- 369982
TI  - Calcitonin secreting struma-carcinoid tumor of the ovary.
AB  - The ultrastructure of strumal carcinoid tumors at times may reveal a far more
      complex structure than can be ascertained from light microscopy. It may at times
      be indistinguishable from medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Both tumors
      appear to be capable of producing 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid and calcitonin. The
      common shared biologic and ultrastructural features suggest a common origin, from
      neuroectodermal cells.

PMID- 369984
TI  - An improved correction of distorted indicator-dilution curves.

PMID- 369983
TI  - Cryptosporidial enteritis in a patient with congenital hypogammaglobulinemia.
AB  - Cryptosporidium is a potentially pathogenic coccidial protoxoan known to inhabit
      the striated border of interestinal epithelium in several animal species.
      Recently two cases of human intestinal cryptosporidiosis have been described. The
      purpose of this report is to document a third case of chronic debilitating
      cryptosporidial enteritis in a young boy with congenital hypogammaglobulinemia.
      The endogenous protozoan life cycle and morphologic features are examined as
      studied by light and electron microscopy.

PMID- 369985
TI  - An "implant bender" for precision alteration of endosteal blade implants.

PMID- 369986
TI  - Universal bone spirals promote additional abutment support.

PMID- 369988
TI  - Maxillary unilateral subperiosteal implants.

PMID- 369987
TI  - Theory of endosteal-subperiosteal implants.

PMID- 369989
TI  - Nursing education: where we've been and where we'are going.

PMID- 369990
TI  - Influence of intermittent hyperglycemic glucose levels on the phagocytosis of
      microorganisms by human granulocytes in vitro.
AB  - Repeated brief exposures to glucose in concentrations of 0.8 g/100 ml
      significantly depresses in vitro phagocytic ingestion of opsonized Gram-positive
      and Gram-negative bacteria by human peripheral polymorphonuclear granulocytes
      (PMN's), while the same concentration of L-aminoacid mixtures (Freamine) under
      the same conditions has no influence on it.

PMID- 369991
TI  - Cellular immunity in patients with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome before and after
      administration of transfer factor: a follow-up study.
AB  - Four patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome were treated with transfer factor
      (TF), in an attempt to improve their clinical condition. Before and during
      treatment, cellular reactivity was followed in vivo (delayed type skin
      reactivity) and in vitro (lymphocyte transformation). In all patients positive
      skin reactions were occasionally observed during TF treatment. The lymphocyte
      reactivity in vitro to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) was slightly diminished, the
      responding capacity of the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) severely impaired and
      the response to bacterial, viral and fungal antigens absent before and during TF
      treatment. No clinical improvement was observed after large doses of TF. No
      correlation between skin test reversal and TF administration was found, and
      lymphocyte transformation in vitro did not improve. Subsequently, a double blind
      trial, in which we compared the effect of TF and placebo, was carried out in
      these patients, which revealed no effect of TF therapy. It is concluded that the
      results of treatment with TF in these patients are highly controversial.

PMID- 369992
TI  - Isolation of IgE from normal mouse serum.
AB  - Mouse IgE was isolated from reaginic ascitic fluid and an antiserum to it was
      produced in rabbits. An immunoadsorbent, prepared with this antiserum,  was used
      to isolate IgE from normal mouse serum. Mouse serum proteins, isolated by
      (NH4)2SO4 (40--60%) precipitation, were applied to the anti-IgE immunoadsorbent
      and eluted with 3 M KI or 3.5 M NaSCN. In addition to containing IgE, the eluate
      contained other immunoglobulins which were subsequently removed with specific
      immunoadsorbents to IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgA and IgM. Further purification was
      achieved by gel filtration on Bio Gel A 0.5 m, ion exchange chromatography on
      DEAE cellulose, and Pevikon block electrophoresis. Since non-immunoglobulin
      components were demonstrated by immunoelectrophoresis, IgE was isolated from this
      pool with an anti-Fab immunoadsorbent and eluted with 3.5 M NaSCN. Based on
      recovery of 987 micrograms IgE from 855 ml NMS, IgE concentration was estimated
      at 1.15 microgram/ml. Analysis of purified IgE by immunoelectrophoresis and
      immunoprecipitation in gel detected a single component, partially identical to
      isoelectric focused rat IgE myelomas IR162 and IR331 Antiserum to it could
      completely abolish 48 h but not 2 h passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA)
      reactions. Normal IgE, when used as a diluent, could inhibit 48 h PCA reaction of
      reaginic antibody suggesting that it binds to mouse skin in a way similar to
      reagin. This demonstrates that IgE can be isolated from normal mouse serum. The
      availability of this source of mouse IgE should facilitate further use of this
      animal model in studies of allergic reactions.

PMID- 369993
TI  - Immunosuppressive activity of Fusarium toxins. Effects on antibody synthesis and
      skin grafts of crude extracts, T2-toxin and diacetoxyscirpenol.
AB  - The inhibitory effect of crude Fusarium poae extracts, T2-toxin and
      diacetoxyscirpenol on synthesis of antibody to sheep red blood cells was
      investigated, as well as the effect of T2-toxin on skin graft rejection. Fusarium
      crude extracts, T2-toxin and diacetoxyscirpenol cause a significant reduction in
      thymus weight and inhibit responsiveness to sheep red blood cells. The effect on
      antibody synthesis was critically dependent on the drug doses used. The effect of
      an immunosuppressive dose of T2-toxin disappeared within 6 days after the end of
      the treatment. The administration of T2-toxin subsequent to immunization stops
      antibody synthesis. T2-toxin significantly prolongs the period required for skin
      graft rejection.

PMID- 369994
TI  - Suppression of secondary immune response by antilymphocyte serum: time
      relationship between immunization and administration of antilymphocyte serum.
AB  - The effect of antilymphocyte serum (ALS) on the secondary humoral immune response
      to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) in rats was studied by the Jerne plaque assay
      technique. Its effect was also studied on the delayed hypersensitivity (DH)
      response to SRBC by the foot pad swelling test. ALS(N), which was prepared
      against lymphocytes from normal rats, had no effect on the secondary humoral and
      cellular response or on the primary cellular response, when administered
      postantigenically. ALS(I), which was raised against lymph node cells from SRBC
      immunized rats produced significant immunosuppression of the secondary response
      to SRBC when administered either before or after the antigenic injections. In the
      case of DH, ALS(I) behaved just like ALS(N) having no effect on the secondary
      response and suppressing the primary only when administered prior to the antigen.

PMID- 369995
TI  - Immunological studies on the ammonium sulphate fractions of Vibrio cholerae cell
      lysate.

PMID- 369996
TI  - Assessment of BCG vaccination in newborn babies.

PMID- 369997
TI  - Some biological properties of urinary and faecal E. coli isolated from cases of
      urinary infection.

PMID- 369998
TI  - Clinical experience with a single silastic implant-D containing norethindrone
      acetate in a Bombay hospital.

PMID- 369999
TI  - Rural health care in India at cross roads (late Dr. B. C. Dasgupta Memorial
      Oration-1977).

PMID- 370000
TI  - Influence of extracellular Ca2+ and Mg2+ on chemotactic factor-induced neutrophil
      aggregation.
AB  - The influences of extracellular Ca2+ and Mg2+ on chemotactic factor-induced
      rabbit polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) aggregation was studied using a
      recently described Coulter counter assay technique. Compared with those of other
      PMN functional assays (adhesion, chemotaxis, degranulation, and phagocytosis),
      the cation requirements for cell aggregation appear unique. Chemotactic factor
      induced aggregation did not occur in the absence of either cation. When the
      concentration of both cations was increased equivalently, aggregation increased.
      The effect plateaued at 2.8 mM of Ca2+ and Mg2+. When the concentration of one
      cation alone was increased, aggregation peaked. Further increases inhibited
      maximal aggregation. By systematic variation of the cation concentrations,
      optimal aggregation was found at Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations of 2.8 mM. At these
      concentrations, significant aggregation was induced with chemotactic doses of
      bacterial factor, the chemotactic fragment of human C5, and the synthetic
      chemotactic tripeptide, formyl-met-leu-phe. Thus, under these conditions,
      chemotactic factor-induced aggregation of neutrophils may be a useful indicator
      of interactions of chemotactic factors with neutrophils.

PMID- 370001
TI  - Biologically active derivatives of fatty acids: prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and
      endoperoxides.
AB  - The causal role assigned to the E and F prostaglandins in inflammatory processes,
      implied by the antiinflammatory action of prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, is
      not consistent with the findings reported here that a compound (MK-447) capable
      of increasing levels of these prostaglandins is antiinflammatory in classical
      animal models of acute inflammation. That both MK-447 and prostaglandin
      synthetase inhibitors depress the enzymatic formation of PGG2 from arachidonic
      acid suggests that this endoperoxide plays a pivotal role in acute inflammation.
      However, in view of the intermediate nature of PGG2, it seems likely that such a
      pivotal role for this substance is a function of its ability to be converted to
      other inflammatory mediators. Possible candidates for a causal role are
      thromboxane A2 (TXA2) prostacyclin (PGI2), both of which derive from PGG2.
      However, direct evidence is presented to show that an oxygen equivalent released
      in the enzymatic conversion of PGG2 to PGH2 is a prime factor in inflammation.

PMID- 370002
TI  - Steroids, aspirin, and inflammation.
AB  - The ability of adrenal corticosteroids to both both suppress inflammation and
      compromise host defenses has been well documented. Recently, a series of in vitro
      and in vivo experiments, based on our new knowledge of the cell biology of
      inflammation and the biochemistry of the phagocytic cell itself, has provided new
      insights into the mechanism of steroid action in the inflammatory process.
      Evidence is presented that pharmacologic doses of steroids are capable of
      inhibiting each of the steps in phagocytic-micro-organism interaction:
      chemotaxis, recognition and opsonization, phagocytosis, membrane fusion, and
      degranulation. In addition, steroid alteration of the postphagocytic superoxide
      production, hydrogen peroxide generation, and prostaglandin and thromboxane
      synthesis is described. The antiinflammatory effects of aspirin and indomethacin
      can be explained almost entirely by virtue of their ability to inhibit
      cyclooxygenase, this preventing the transformation of arachidonic acid to both
      prostaglandins and thromboxanes. The cortisol-induced inhibition of
      endoperoxides, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes (at a site proximal to the
      release of arachidonic acid) may well explain those antiinflammatory actions that
      cortisone shares with aspirin. However, patients treated with nonsteroidal
      antiinflammatory agents effectively combat infections. In contrast,
      corticosteroids have more profound effects, as can be seen by the inhibition of
      superoxide production, with the subsequent decrease in hydrogen peroxide
      generation and the diminution in release of the antibacterial lysosomal
      hydrolases within the phagocytic vacuole. Thus, corticosteroids interfere with
      the killing of microorganisms. This new understanding of the pharmacologic action
      of cortisol on phagocytic cells explains, we believe, how glucocorticoids
      alleviate inflammation while, at the same time, they permit multiplication of the
      offending microorganism within the phagocyte.

PMID- 370003
TI  - Prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes: mediation and
      modulation of inflammation.
AB  - When appropriately stimulated (even in the absence of phagocytosis), human
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes release and/or generate proinflammatory materials
      and substances capable of provoking tissue injury. These include hydrolases and
      nonenzymatic substances ordinarily contained within lysosomes, as well as oxygen
      derived free radicals. It is now possible to add prostaglandins and thromboxanes
      to this list. Whereas prostaglandins are capable of eliciting many phenomena
      associated with inflammation, their effects on cyclic nucleotide metabolism may
      render these compounds antiinflammatory. Thus, the very cells that release
      mediators of inflammation provide a mechanism for modulating the inflammatory
      response.

PMID- 370004
TI  - [Action of two mouthwashes with chlorhexidine on bacterial plaque, calculus and
      gingival inflammation].

PMID- 370005
TI  - Significance of an in vitro phenomenon in which murine erythrocytes are lysed by
      autologous spleen cells and spherules of Coccidioides immitis.
AB  - Spleen cells from mice immunized with a variety of antigens and incubated in
      vitro with killed spherules of Coccidioides immitis lyse six to eight times more
      autologous murine erythrocytes than normal spleen cells and spherules. Cellular
      and biochemical events in this phenomenon were investigated to ascertain its
      significance. Kinetic studies suggested that hemolysis results from the
      activation of some immune cells by spherules. The capacity of spherules to
      activate these cells is rather unusual because, of the inert particles tested,
      only zymosan A and crude chitin demonstrated comparable activity. Furthermore,
      although the hemolytic phenomenon occurred in serum-free medium, more lysis was
      effected by immune cells and opsonized spherules or zymosan A than by immune
      cells and untreated fungal particles. Sheep, chicken, and human erythrocytes were
      not lysed in the hemolytic phenomenon; however, hemoglobin in chicken and sheep
      erythrocytes was oxidized. Both the murine erythrocyte lysis and oxidation of
      ovine hemoglobin correlated with the reduction of Nitro Blue Tetrazolium by
      immune cells adherent to spherules, and both phenomena appeared to be mediated by
      H2O2 released into the medium by activated cells. Spleen cells reactive with
      spherules could not be depleted by treatment with iron carbonyl,
      antiimmunoglobulin plus complement, or anti-brain-associated theta plus
      complement, but they were partially or completely depleted after rosette
      formation with erythrocytes coated with antibody or murine complement. Using
      light and electron microscopy, we noted that immune spleens contained more
      neutrophils than normal spleens, that these neutrophils reduced Nitro Blue
      Tetrazolium after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate, and that they were
      the most prevalent cell type adherent to spherules after incubation in vitro.

PMID- 370006
TI  - Adhesion of commensal bacteria to the large intestine wall in humans.
AB  - Biopsies taken during colonoscopic examination of the human large bowel were used
      to examine the relationship of the commensal bacterial to the mucosal epithelial
      cell surface. Bacteria were seen adhering to the exposed epithelial cell surface
      and also to the mucus sheet. Isolation of aerobic organisms showed that
      Escherichia coli are closely associated with the gut wall throughout the large
      intestine. One strain of E. coli predominated in each biopsy, and this strain was
      present along the whole length of bowel. Adhesion of bacteria to the gut wall
      does occur in vivo and may be one of the factors involved in the ability of an
      organism to colonize and persist.

PMID- 370007
TI  - Importance of the intestinal inflammatory reaction in salmonella-mediated
      intestinal secretion.
AB  - The ability of Salmonella typhimurium to invade the intestinal epithelium is
      essential to the pathogenesis of salmonella-induced intestinal secretion. This
      invasion is accompanied by an intense acute inflammatory reaction. The present
      study tests the hypothesis that the acute inflammatory reaction may have a role
      in the pathogenesis of salmonella-induced secretion. Two groups of rabbits
      infected with S. typhimurium were studied: normal animals and animals pretreated
      with nitrogen mustard. Nitrogen mustard depletes the polymorphonuclear leukocyte
      pool and thereby prevents the formation of an acute inflammatory reaction. In
      vivo ligated ileal loops were constructed and infected 72 h after nitrogen
      mustard administration when polymorphonuclear leukocytes were undetectable.
      Nitrogen mustard treatment markedly inhibited salmonella-induced  secretion.
      Ileal histology in normal animals infected with S. typhimurium revealed an
      intense acute inflammatory reaction, while in animals pretreated with nitrogen
      mustard only a rare polymorphonuclear leukocyte was seen. The antisecretory
      effect of nitrogen mustard was not merely a nonspecific effect since nitrogen
      mustard treatment did not inhibit cholera toxin-induced secretion and did not
      alter either ileal morphology nor the activities of various intestinal enzymes in
      normal animals. Nitrogen mustard also did not alter the virulence of the
      inoculated S. typhimurium. These data suggest that the mucosal inflammatory
      reaction induced by salmonella invasion may be important to the pathogenesis of
      the salmonella secretory process. The mechanism by which the inflammatory
      reaction stimulates secretion is not known.

PMID- 370008
TI  - Cultivation of Ureaplasma urealyticum in continuous culture.
AB  - Continuous culture of Ureaplasma urealyticum is reported with a steady-state cell
      biomass of greater than 10(6) cells per ml. Thus, large cell numbers can be
      easily obtained; in addition, the system provides a powerful means for exploring
      what nutrients(s) limits the growth yield of this organism. Urea is shown not to
      be the growth-limiting nutrient in conventional media, although when provided in
      excess it appears to be completely hydrolyzed.

PMID- 370009
TI  - Mitomycin C stimulates production of a toxin in Shigella species that causes
      morphological changes in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AB  - Shigella dysenteriae produced a toxin that caused morphological changes in
      Chinese hamster ovary cells which was different from the neurotoxin (Y. Takeda,
      K. Okamoto, and T. Miwatani, Infect. Immun. 18:546--548, 1977). It was found that
      the toxin was produced not only by S. dysenteriae but also by S. flexneri, S.
      boydii, and S. sonnei. The production of the toxin was stimulated by the addition
      of 1 microgram of mitomycin C per ml to the culture in the early logarithmic
      growth phase.

PMID- 370010
TI  - Lymphoid cells in endotoxin-induced production of the amyloid-related serum
      amyloid A protein.
AB  - Endotoxin-treated mice exhibit a rapid rise in the level of the serum amyloid A
      (SAA) protein, but this effect is not observed in endotoxin-resistant C3H/HeJ
      mice. To evaluate the role of lymphoid cells in the production of SAA protein,
      C3H/HeJ mice were adoptively transfused with endotoxin-sensitive (C3H/HeN) bone
      marrow cells. After such adoptive transfer, endotoxin treatment of C3H/HeJ mice
      resulted in high serum levels of SAA protein. The ability of chimeric mice to
      make SAA protein correlated with the presence of endotoxin-sensitive B
      lymphocytes and macrophages. These findings suggest that lymphocytes and/or
      macrophages play an important role in initiating SAA protein synthesis after
      endotoxin treatment and suggest a possible mechanism by which chronic infection
      or inflammation leads to amyloidosis.

PMID- 370011
TI  - Dissociation of leukocyte alkaline phosphatase from the bactericidal activity of
      neutrophils.
AB  - We have identified an apparently healthy individual with no history of repeated
      infections whose neutrophils were virtually devoid of alkaline phosphatase
      activity by either spectrophotometric or histochemical assay. His cells showed
      normal bactericidal activity toward both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia
      coli when tested in vitro. We have also demonstrated that L-p-bromolevamisole, a
      potent inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase in many tissues, is likewise an
      effective inhibitor of the neutrophilic enzyme. Concentrations of this compound
      which caused nearly complete inhibition of the neutrophilic enzyme did not impair
      the ability of intact cells to kill bacteria. These results suggest that
      leukocyte alkaline phosphatase is not required for the normal bactericidal
      activity of neutrophils.

PMID- 370012
TI  - Transfer by bone marrow cells of increased natural resistance to Klebsiella
      pneumoniae induced by lipopolysaccharide in genetically deficient C3H/He mice.
AB  - In a previous study we demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide failed to elicit
      nonspecific resistance in C3H/He lipopolysaccharide low-responder mice against
      Klebsiella infection in contrast to its activity in a closely related
      histocompatible high-responder subline, C3HeB/Fe. Complete restoration of
      lipopolysaccharide-induced protection against 10(5) Klebsiella was obtained in
      the present study by transferring bone marrow from high-responder mice to the
      highly deficient C3H/He mice. The ability of C3H/He mice to clear and destroy
      bacteria in 5 h was also transferred by C3HeB/Fe marrow cells. In contrast, when
      high-responder C3HeB/Fe mice were reconstituted with low-responder bone marrow,
      the clearance and destruction of K. pneumoniae were similar to what is observed
      in the high-responder strain, but survival was only temporary. Collectively, our
      data show that the failure of C3H/He mice to respond to lipopolysaccharide with
      nonspecific immunity is due to a defect in two types of bone-marrow-derived cells
      -radioresistant and radiosensitive.

PMID- 370013
TI  - Relationship between enterotoxin production and serotype in enterotoxigenic
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - We examined the relationship between serotype and enterotoxin production in 109
      enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from 109 patients with severe
      cholera-like diarrhea in Dacca, Bangladesh. Of 69 strains producing both heat
      labile and heat-stable toxins, 59 (86%) belonged to the one of four O serogroups,
      and 56 (81%) of these strains belonged to one of six O:K:H serotypes. In
      contrast, 34 strains producing only heat-stable toxin were distributed among 15 O
      serogroups, and six strains producing only heat-labile toxin were distributed
      among six O serogroups. Twelve strains producing heat-labile and heat-stable
      toxins and five strains producing heat-stable toxin were found which had the same
      serotype (O78:K-:H12) and biotype. It appears that at least in one geographic
      setting E. coli strains producing both heat-labile and heat-stable toxins are
      more restricted in their O groups and O:K:H serotypes than E. coli that produce
      only heat-stable toxin and that certain serobiotypes may commonly include strains
      which produce both toxin types.

PMID- 370014
TI  - Hemagglutination patterns of enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia
      coli determined with human, bovine, chicken, and guinea pig erythrocytes in the
      presence and absence of mannose.
AB  - A hemagglutination (HA)-typing system has been developed for the presumptive
      identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) possessing the
      colonization factor antigens (CFA) CFA/I or CFA/II. E. coli isolates are grown on
      CFA agar and tested for mannose-sensitive (MS) or mannose-resistant (MR) HA of
      human, bovine, chicken, and guinea pig erythrocytes. CFA/I-positive ETEC exhibit
      MRHA with human, bovine, and chicken erythrocytes, but no HA with guinea pig
      erythrocytes. CFA/II-positive ETEC produce HA (MRHA) only with bovine and chicken
      erythrocytes. Common pili appear to be the primary MS-hemagglutinin of E. coli
      because the prototype strain K-12 exhibits HA (MSHA) with all but bovine
      erythrocytes. However, only 6.6% (23 of 351) of E. coli belonging to the
      classical enteropathogenic E. coli serogroups (EPEC) possessed the same HA
      pattern as strain K-12; 42% of the EPEC cultures (146 of 351) were similar to K
      12 in producing MSHA with chicken and guinea pig erythrocytes and no HA with
      bovine erythrocytes, but different in that these produced either no HA or MRHA
      with human erythrocytes. These EPEC-associated HA patterns were assigned to a
      separate category, termed HA type III. Non-EPEC serogroups associated with
      sporadic diarrhea (i.e., the facultatively enteropathogenic E. coli, or FEEC) and
      41% (19 of 46) of available Salmonella isolates also produced HA type III
      patterns. This observation is of considerable interest because many FEEC possess
      somatic antigens cross-reactive with Salmonella. Although the biochemical basis
      for this result has not been established, the data reported herein suggest a
      relationship between the HA type III phenotype and virulence
      (enteropathogenicity) in both the EPEC and FEEC serogroups. We propose that HA
      typing be used in conjunction with serotyping of E. coli to determine the degree
      of association of HA type III E. coli with sporadic diarrhea in infants and young
      children.

PMID- 370015
TI  - Adjuvants in the induction of suppressor cells.
AB  - The effect of different mycobacterial adjuvants on the parameters of delayed
      hypersensitivity was investigated in strain 13 guinea pigs. The composition of
      the tubercle bacilli and the type of vehicle in which the antigen was presented
      determined the presence and extent of suppressor cell activity. When antigen was
      introduced in complete Freund adjuvant, both adherent and nonadherent cells had
      suppressive properties, with the suppressive effect demonstrable in vitro from 1
      to 5 weeks after sensitization. Suppressor activity was indicated in vivo by a
      reduction of delayed footpad hypersensitivity in animals presensitized with
      complete Freund adjuvant.

PMID- 370016
TI  - Capacity of virulent Treponema pallidum (Nichols) for deoxyribonucleic acid
      synthesis.
AB  - Treponema pallidum (Nichols) was extracted from infected rabbit tissue, and cell
      lysates were prepared for monitoring thymidine kinase and deoxyribonucleic acid
      polymerase activities. No thymidine kinase could be demonstrated in preparations
      of T. pallidum or the cultivable T. phagedenis biotype Reiter. Significant levels
      of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase were detected in both treponemal samples.
      Interestingly, comparisons of polymerase activity among a spectrum of bacterial
      genera revealed a direct correlation between enzyme concentrations and estimated
      generation time. Incorporation of [3H]uridine and [3H]thymidine into
      macromolecules by intact T. pallidum and the Reiter treponeme was examined.
      Selective ribonuclease-deoxyribonuclease digestion and cesium chloride gradient
      banding demonstrated that T. pallidum, independent of the host, and T. phagedenis
      were capable of synthesizing deoxyribonucleic acid only from the [3H]-uridine
      precursor.

PMID- 370018
TI  - Characteristics of lipid A-protein complex from endotoxin of Shigella dysenteriae
      type 1 (S and R strains).
AB  - Mild acetic acid hydrolysis of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide-protein complex) of
      Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (S and R forms) yielded a lipid A-protein complex
      that consisted of amino acids, fatty acids, and sugar and, in terms of chemical
      composition, displayed no marked differences between the S and R forms. Its
      protein portion (53 to 56%) consisted of at least 16 amino acids. In the fatty
      acid portion (14 to 18%), myristic, 3-hydroxymyristic, palmitic, and stearic
      acids accounted for 50%. The sugar portion (10 to 12%) consisted solely of
      glucosamine. The remainder was unidentified substances, most of which contained
      phosphorus. Lipid A-protein complexes derived from both S and R forms were not
      toxic for mice in doses up to 1,000 microgram/mouse, but their Linulus test
      activity had increased considerably as compared with the starting
      lipopolysaccharide-protein complex material: from 10(-6) to 10(-10--10(-12)
      mg/ml. The lipid A-protein complexes were readily soluble in a water solution of
      triethylamine, in dimethyl sulfoxide, and in pyridine.

PMID- 370017
TI  - Strain specificity of opsonins for group B streptococci types II and III.
AB  - Strains of types II and III group B streptococci do not appear to be uniformly
      susceptible to opsonization by antibody-containing human sera, as studied using
      both a chemiluminescence and a radiolabeled bacterial uptake technique. We could
      not demonstrate a correlation of serum-sensitive or resistant strains with
      capsular antigen quantities, although serum absorption studies with whole
      organisms and HCl, trichloroacetic acid, and saline extracts indicated that the
      antibody to type-specific capsular polysaccharide is important in opsonizing both
      serum-resistant and serum-sensitive strains. Since trypsin treatment produced
      significantly enhanced opsonization of serum-resistant and serum-sensitive
      strains, proteins present on some group B streptococci may be important
      antiphagocytic factors.

PMID- 370019
TI  - Comparison of sulfamethoxazole alone and combined with trimethoprim in urinary
      tract infections.
AB  - In a double blind, randomized study, sulfamethoxazole was compared alone and in
      combination with trimethoprim as commonly used in therapeutic regimes for the
      treatment of uncomplicated acute urinary tract infections in out-patients. The
      cure of sulfamethoxazole alone was 92.2%, and for sulfamethoxazole plus
      trimethoprim 97.6%. The rate of side-effects for the former was 5%, for the
      latter 21.8%. If the failure rate plus the rate of occurrence of rash, which
      necessitated discontinuing the drug, are combined, it appears that 8.8% of the
      patients were at a disadvantage receiving sulfamethoxazole compared to 9.7% for
      the combination of sulfamethoxazole plus trimethoprim. When considering the cure
      rate and rate of side-effects together, therefore, the position of
      sulfamethoxazole alone as a suitable drug in this type of infection is defended.

PMID- 370020
TI  - Enteropathogenecity of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 370022
TI  - Federation Dentaire Internationale.

PMID- 370021
TI  - Antibacterial efficacy of cefazolin and cephradine in neutropenic mice.
AB  - The activity of cefazolin (CEZ) and cephradine (CED) was studied in
      experimentally infected neutropenic mice. Neutropenia was induced by 600 rad
      whole-body irradiation; an infection was induced by the injection of 5 X 10(6)
      Escherichia coli into the thigh on Day 5 after irradiation. Antibiotics were
      administered 1 h later, and antibacterial activity was estimated from bacteria
      counts made in the homogenized individual thighs 3 h after infection. The effect
      of a low dose of each of the cephalosporins on the infection was significantly
      lower in the absence of granulocytes than in animals with intact host defence; at
      higher dosages the effect of both antibiotics on the infection was the same in
      neutropenic and unirradiated mice. In the neutropenic mice, CEZ was 2.95 times
      more active than CED against E. coli in vivo, this difference in activity being
      similar to that found earlier in normal mice.

PMID- 370023
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and biotransformation of local anesthetics.

PMID- 370024
TI  - Clinical uses of epidural anesthesia.

PMID- 370025
TI  - Influence of carbonyl iron treatment on lymphocyte subpopulations.
AB  - The influence of carbonyl iron treatment on different human mononuclear cell
      subsets was investigated. There is evidence that, in addition to removal of
      phagocytic cells, lymphocytes are depleted, B cells being more affected than
      other subpopulations.

PMID- 370026
TI  - Effect of the MER tubercle bacillus fraction on the responsiveness of mice to T
      independent antigens.
AB  - The effect of treatment with the methanol extraction residue (MER) mycobacterial
      fraction on the immunological responsiveness of BALB/c mice to the T-independent
      antigens pneumococcal polysaccharide type III (SIIII) and trinitrophenyl
      lipopolysaccharide conjugate (TNP-LPS) was ascertained. Pretreatment with MER
      prevented the establishment of immunological paralysis by threshold doses (10 or
      15 microgram) of SIII and by a paralyzing dose of 100 microgram TNP-LPS. The
      induction of immunological paralysis by SIII was unaffected by treatment with the
      bacterial adjuvant Corynebacterium parvum and with the B cell mitogens PPD, LPS
      (Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide), and dextran sulfate.

PMID- 370027
TI  - Characterization of pig lymphocyte subpopulations by adherence to nylon wool.
AB  - The property of adherence to nylon wool was used to separate and characterize pig
      blood lymphocyte subpopulations. Thymus-dependent null cells proved the least
      adherent lymphocytes, and B cells, bearing surface Ig or Fc receptor, the most
      adherent. sIg+ lymphocytes detected by immunofluorescence and by 51Cr release
      cytotoxicity showed similar frequency and adherence properties. Lymphocytes
      rosetting with SRBC in PBS or in dextran had similar adherence patterns and
      showed both non-adherent and adherent components. Lymphocytes bearing major
      histocompatibility complex (MHC) Ia-like antigens shown by eosin exclusion or
      51Cr release cytotoxicity were enriched in the adherent fraction, but also
      occurred in significant numbers in the non-adherent fraction. Non-adherent Ia+
      cells were predominantly sIg- and probably T cells, whereas the adherent Ia+
      group included the sIg+ cells and some sIg- cells.

PMID- 370028
TI  - The mechanism of action of soluble lymphocyte mediators. VI. Effect of migration
      inhibitory factor (MIF) on macrophage microtubules.
AB  - The effect of migration inhibitory factor (MIF) on macrophage microtubules was
      examined by functional, biochemical and morphological methods. It was found that:
      (1) the microtubule-stabilizing agent deuterium oxide (D2O) inhibits spontaneous
      macrophage migration from capillaries and enhances the migration blocking effect
      of MIF; (2) MIF does not modify the amount of total tubulin in macrophages, as
      determined by an 3H-colchicine binding assay, but increases significantly the
      proportion of tubulin present in polymeric form; (3) macrophages exposed to MIF
      and examined by immunofluorescence with specific antitubulin antibody demonstrate
      a striking increase in the percentage of cells with a well-organized microtubular
      network, characterized by a high density of thick fibrils and prominent
      paranuclear microtubule organizing centers. It is concluded that MIF inhibits
      cellular motility by inducing the formation of numerous microtubules, probably by
      enhancing tubulin polymerization.

PMID- 370029
TI  - Regulation of lymphocyte activation by serum factors.
AB  - The effect of autologous normal mouse serum on activating properties of the
      polyclonal B cell activators lipopolysaccharide and purified protein derivative
      was studied. 'Low' concentrations (0.1-1%) were found to be slightly stimulatory,
      whereas 'high' concentrations (greater than 10%) were clearly inhibitory both for
      the induction of plaque-forming cells and for the DNA synthetic response. Similar
      effects were recorded in unstimulated cultures. Absorption of normal mouse serum
      with the erythrocytes used as target cells in the plaque assay resulted in less
      suppression or sometimes even in enhanced responses.

PMID- 370030
TI  - Non-specific potentiation of IgE by parasitic infections in man.
AB  - Infection with the helminthic parasites Ascaris lumbricoides and/or Necator
      americanus (hookworm) induces the production in man of high levels of serum IgE.
      The specificity of this IgE antibody when measured by RAST to a wide range of
      allergens was restricted in general to the helminthic antigens. Absorption of the
      sera with immunosorbents produced by coupling extracts of A. lumbricoides to CNBr
      activated Sepharose 4B established that Ascaris antigen specific IgE antibodies
      contributed a minor fraction of the total serum IgE. These observations suggest
      that parasitic infections in man as in laboratory animals potentiate the
      production of high levels of IgE with specificity unrelated to that of the
      parasite antigens. While the specificity of this potentiated IgE was not
      established, it is not directed towards inhalant allergens.

PMID- 370031
TI  - Study of pregnancy-associated alpha2-glycoprotein in relation to populations of
      human blood leucocytes.
AB  - Pregnancy-associated alpha2-glycoprotein (alpha2-PAG) was identified by
      immunofluorescence on the surface membrane of mononuclear cells from normal
      individuals with an extensive range of plasma concentrations of the glycoprotein.
      The incidence of positive cells did not correlate with plasma levels but was
      significantly raised in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Anti-alpha2-PAG antibody
      interfered with E and Fc rosette formation but not with production of C3
      rosettes. A large proportion of C3 receptor-bearing cells (B lymphocytes) but
      only a tiny fraction of E-rosette-forming cells (T lymphocytes) were positive for
      the protein. Antibody directed against human Ia antigen markedly reduced staining
      for alpha2-PAG.

PMID- 370032
TI  - Edwin Chadwick, the market ideology, and sanitary reform: on the nature of the
      19th-century public health movement.
AB  - This article is an attempt to place the origin of sanitary legislation in
      England, and its chief proponent, Edwin Chadwick, in the overall dynamics of 19th
      century social development. It examines the public health movement in light of
      the transition of English society into the domination of the market ideology, and
      the effect that this had on health. Emphasis is placed on explaining the
      utilitarian movement, of which Chadwick was an instrumental part, and its role in
      promoting the market system through the enactment of the New Poor Law in 1834.
      The article suggests that the enactment of sanitary reform in the 1848 Public
      Health Act was the unplanned reaction to the detrimental effects that the market
      ideology had on health in the industrial centers. The main intent of this article
      is to go beyond the prevailing belief that sanitary reform was a humane
      contribution of publicly spirited men. It concludes that this state intervention
      was materially necessitated: it was forced by the contradictions inherent in the
      market system.

PMID- 370033
TI  - The life of Dr. Gustavo Molina-Guzman (1910-1978). a commitment to the health of
      all peoples.

PMID- 370034
TI  - Prosperity--of the capitalist variety--as a cause of death: reply to Dr. Cooper.

PMID- 370035
TI  - Community medicine under imperialism: a new medical police?
AB  - This paper explains the historical reasons for the reappearance, since the middle
      of the 20th century, of social issues in the medical context of capitalist
      countries. The author interprets the rise of a community trend in medicine as one
      of the solutions that capitalism is proposing for the problems of public health.
      He considers that primary care coverage extension projects provide a means to
      attend to minimal levels of social demand, as well as basic conditions for the
      protection of previously neglected populations, without changing social relations
      or significantly diminishing productive investment. On the contrary, the consumer
      market will in many cases be expanded by new forms of demand. The contradictory
      nature of "community" services under capitalism is analyzed so as to provide a
      basis for the design of a strategy that takes into account the interests of the
      people.

PMID- 370036
TI  - The influence of intravenous canrenoate on the determination of digoxin in serum
      by radio- and enzyme-immunoassay.

PMID- 370037
TI  - Myelofibrosis--pathophysiology and treatment.
AB  - A case of myelofibrosis successfully treated by the use of splenectomy has been
      reported. The feeling of the authors is that splenectomy should be considered at
      a much earlier stage of the disease, when the patient is a better risk with a
      longer survival. We see no valid physiological reasoning for leaving a spleen in,
      which is valueless to the patient in addition to causing multiple side effects,
      directly and indirectly from its size and overactivity. This is especially true
      when attempts to reduce the size have potential hazards, none are completely
      effective and when the physiological necessity for this reticulo endothelial site
      seems to be unnecessary. Perhaps it would be of greatest value if all cases of
      myelofibrosis should be seen at the inception and throughout by the hematological
      and surgical service together.

PMID- 370038
TI  - Coccidioidomycosis: clinical review and treatment update.

PMID- 370039
TI  - Epidermal cell kinetics in psoriasis.

PMID- 370040
TI  - Ota Masao--dermatologist and literary man of Japan.

PMID- 370041
TI  - Management of hair problems.

PMID- 370042
TI  - Fenfluramine, vitamin C and weight loss.
AB  - Forty-two female patients with refractory obesity completed a 20-week double
      blind study during which they were given a diet designed to provide not more than
      40 mg vitamin C and 1000 kcal (4.2 MJ) daily. Twenty-two of the patients took 600
      mg of supplementary vitamin C daily and the remainder, a matched placebo. All
      were given their highest tolerated dose of fenfluramine up to a maximum of 160 mg
      daily. There was no significant difference in the mean weight loss of the two
      groups. This study fails to support the hypothesis that the anti-obesity effect
      of fenfluramine is influenced by the vitamin C intake.

PMID- 370043
TI  - Proteolytic susceptibility and methionine modification of monodeamidated
      ribonuclease A.
AB  - The susceptibility of a monodeamidated RNAaseA (RNAaseAa1) towards
      carboxypeptidaseA , alpha-chymotrypsin and pepsin has been studied. Similar to
      RNAaseA, the C-terminal of RNAaseAa1 is not available for carboxypeptidaseA
      hydrolysis. The thermal stability of RNAaseAa1 as probed through chymotryptic
      digestion is found to be less than that of RNAaseA. Preliminary chromatographic
      analysis of the digested material, however, suggests that the nature of thermal
      transition might be the same in the two proteins. Pepsin inactivates RNAaseAa1
      more slowly than does RNAaseA. Accordingly, less peptide bonds, almost half that
      of RNAaseA, are cleaved by pepsin in RNAaseAa1. The accumulation of RNAase-P type
      intermediates is not evident during peptic digestion of RNAaseAa1. Reaction with
      O-benzoquinone at low pH shows that methionines of the deamidated protein seem to
      have higher reactivities. These observations indicate a different structure for
      RNAaseAa1 at elevated temperature and low pH.

PMID- 370044
TI  - Influence of chlortetracycline feeding on salmonellosis in calves. I. Rate and
      duration of shedding. II. Severity of illness.
AB  - Studies were conducted to test the influence of the feeding of chlortetracycline
      (CTC) on the fecal shedding of S. typhimurium subsequent to experimentally
      induced infection in calves. Levels of 0, 20, 50, and 100 gm CTC per ton of feed
      were fed to groups of calves for a two-week period before inoculation and the
      resulting level of shedding of S. typhimurium quantified. At the 50 gm/ton level,
      the feeding of CTC was associated with a significantly higher level of shedding
      than in non-CTC fed controls, and the duration of shedding was longer. Calves fed
      at 50 and 100 gm CTC/ton were affected much more severely by the inoculation than
      calves receiving no CTC. The same was true to a lesser extent in the calves fed
      20 gm/ton. Observations made on each calf included changes in body temperature,
      time of onset, severity and duration of diarrhea, straining, and anorexia. Since
      the fecal output of salmonellae is increased at the level of 50 gm/ton, the
      authors conclude that this commonly used level of CTC feeding in calves
      contributes to the size of the salmonella reservoir in nature, thus increasing
      the risk of exposure to both man and animals alike and otherwise complicates the
      problems of salmonellosis.

PMID- 370045
TI  - Re-establishing a dialectic of madness.
AB  - Historical evidence indicates that until the seventeenth century, a dialectical
      conception of madness existed; it combined the elements of loss of reason and
      idiocy with prophecy and clairvoyance. The onset of the Age of Reason marked the
      end of man's communication with madness and the accompanying dissolution of the
      dialectic--madness became solely a symbol of opprobrium and the insane were
      herded off into houses of confinement. Because mad people are returning to the
      streets again, it is important that we begin to explore the potential benefits
      that can be derived from re-establishing our communications with madness, i.e.
      reconstituting the dialectic. An examination of the formerly valued aspects of
      madness can serve as a useful point of departure.

PMID- 370046
TI  - [Interferon: its effects and clinical application].

PMID- 370047
TI  - [Progress in antibacterial chemotherapy].

PMID- 370049
TI  - [The current status of treatment of amebiasis].

PMID- 370048
TI  - [Current short-term chemotherapy of tuberculosis. Fundamentals, assumptions, drug
      combinations, plan of treatment and prospects].

PMID- 370050
TI  - [The current status of treatment of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 370051
TI  - [The current status of laser coagulation for the control of gastrointestinal
      hemorrhages].

PMID- 370052
TI  - [Psychosexual disorders].

PMID- 370053
TI  - [Male hypogonadism].

PMID- 370054
TI  - [Andrologic aspects of hypogonadism].

PMID- 370055
TI  - [Hirsutism: causes, diagnosis, therapy].

PMID- 370056
TI  - [Sex differentiation disorders].

PMID- 370057
TI  - [New possibilities of selective immunosuppression?].

PMID- 370058
TI  - Expression of Ia antigen-like molecules on cells in the corneal epithelium.
AB  - Ia antigens, known to be expressed preferentially on cells of the immune system,
      have been shown to be present on cells in the cornea. By immunofluorescence
      studies, it was shown that a specific rabbit anti-Ia antigen serum stained cells
      in the corneal epithelium. The stained cells were well integrated into the
      corneal epithelial architecture and displayed short dendritic processes. Their
      location in the cornea and corneal limbus and their morphological appearance make
      it reasonable to suggest that the Ia antigen-expressing cells of the cornea are
      equivalents of the Ia antigen-bearing Langerhans' cells of the epidermis.

PMID- 370060
TI  - Clinical applications of biofeedback: a summary of research 1974-1978.

PMID- 370059
TI  - Transient hypoaldosteronism after renal allotransplantation.
AB  - Studies were performed to investigate the nature of the hyperkalemia and
      hypokaliuria observed in two patients after renal allotransplantation in both of
      whom the graft was functioning and urinary output was adequate. In the first
      patient, examinations in the upright position revealed low values for plasma
      renin activity and plasma aldosterone. The second patient showed similar
      findings, and, in addition, an angiotensin II (Hypertensin) infusion was
      ineffective in stimulating aldosterone secretion during the hyperkalemic state.
      In both patients, short-term administration of 9 alpha-fluorohydrocortisone
      caused kaliuresis with a definite decrease in serum potassium. There was a
      spontaneous correction of the biochemical and hormonal abnormalities six weeks
      after transplantation and the response to an angiotensin II infusion normalized.
      We suggest that the hyperkalemia in both of these patients was due primarily to
      the transient failure of the renin-angiotensin system of the transplanted kidney.

PMID- 370061
TI  - The value of biofeedback in the treatment of chronic headache: a five-year
      retrospective study.

PMID- 370062
TI  - [Regulation of FSH release by the testis. Indications for the existence of
      "inhibin"].

PMID- 370063
TI  - ["The drunken Silen" with symptoms of liver insufficiency].
AB  - In an oil painting by Rubens "The Drunken Silen" in possession of the Alte
      Pinakothek (old picture gallery), Munich, characteristic symptoms of hepatic
      insufficiency can be diagnosed.

PMID- 370064
TI  - [An unusual clinical form of pemphigus vulgaris].
AB  - A 36-year-old woman developed bullous skin lesions which clinically seemed most
      likely to be dermatitis herpetiformis or bullous pemphigoid. However,
      histological examinations as well as immunofluorescence and electron microscopic
      observations substantiated the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris.

PMID- 370065
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Gunter Stuttgen].

PMID- 370066
TI  - [Fiber glass-induced foreign body granulomas].

PMID- 370067
TI  - [65th birthday of Walter Hauser].

PMID- 370068
TI  - [Current aspects of American dermatology].

PMID- 370069
TI  - The comparison of two agar media for germ tube and chlamydospore production by
      Candida albicans.
AB  - A simple (2% oxgall) agar medium is described for the production of both germ
      tubes and chlamydospores by over 500 clinical isolates of Candida albicans. In
      comparison studies between the 2% oxgall agar and the more complex "cream of
      rice" infusion-oxgall-Tween 80 agar (RIOT), germ tubes were formed by 478
      isolates in both media, by 9 isolates in only the oxgall medium and by 11
      isolates in only the RIOT medium. Chlamydospores were formed by 481 isolates in
      both media, by 2 isolates in only the oxgall medium and by 9 isolates in only the
      RIOT medium. The data also show that both the germ tubes and chlamydospores were
      needed for the presumptive clinical identification of C. albicans.

PMID- 370070
TI  - Effect of intermittent positive pressure ventilation upon pulmonary artery and
      pulmonary capillary wedge pressures in acutely ill patients.

PMID- 370071
TI  - [Neonatal group B beta-hemolytic (SbHBG) streptococcal infection].

PMID- 370072
TI  - Model-fitting approaches to the analysis of human behaviour.
AB  - Model-fitting methods are now prominent in the analysis of human behavioural
      variation. Various ways of specifying models have been proposed. These are
      identical in their simplest form but differ in the emphasis given to more subtle
      sources of variation. The biometrical genetical approach allows flexibility in
      the specification of non-additive factors. Given additivity, the approach of path
      analysis may be used to specify several environmental models in the presence of
      assortative mating. In many cases the methods should yield identical conclusions.
      Several statistical methods have been proposed for parameter estimation and
      hypothesis testing. The most suitable rely on the method of maximum likelihood
      for the estimation of variance and covariance components. Any multifactorial
      model can be formulated in these terms. The choice of method will depend chiefly
      on the design of the experiment and the ease with which a data summary can be
      obtained without significant loss of information. Examples are given in which the
      causes of variation show different degrees of detectable complexity. A variety of
      experimental designs yield behavioural data which illustrate the contribution of
      additive and non-additive genetical effects, the mating system, sibling and
      cultural effects, the interaction of genetical effects with age and sex. The
      discrimination between alternative hypotheses is often difficult. The extension
      of the approach to the analysis of multiple measurements and discontinuous traits
      is considered.

PMID- 370073
TI  - Factors inherent to the treatment of borderline patients.

PMID- 370074
TI  - Borderline disorder, altered states of consciousness, and glossolalia.

PMID- 370075
TI  - Freud's "I" and "you": secret sharers in the introductory lectures.

PMID- 370076
TI  - New insight into the life and work of Sigmund Freud: an overview of the
      literature since 1975.

PMID- 370077
TI  - Redistribution of pulmonary blood flow in the dog with PEEP ventilation.
AB  - The effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) at 20 cmH2O on the
      distribution of pulmonary blood flow was studied in intact dogs and isolated lung
      preparations. Measurements were made of a) the continuous distribution of
      ventilation-perfusion ratios (VA/Q), b) the vertical distribution of pulmonary
      blood flow, and c) the dimensions of the microvasculature. Without PEEP the
      distributions of ventilation and perfusion were unimodal and centered on a VA/Q
      close to one. Dependent regions received 5-10 times more of cardiac output than
      uppermost regions. With PEEP the distribution showed a bimodal character, one
      mode of normal VA/Q and the other comprising one-third of ventilation, lying
      between VA/Q of 10 and 100. Cardiac output was reduced two- to threefold and
      blood flow in the uppermost regions was grossly reduced but not eliminated.
      Bimodal distributions were also found in isolated lungs with PEEP, and
      histological examination of rapidly frozen lung tissue showed that alveolar
      capillaries were closed in the uppermost, poorly perfused regions, whereas
      alveolar corner vessels remained open. We suggest that the blood flow through
      these corner vessels is responsible for the additional, high VA/Q mode during
      PEEP.

PMID- 370078
TI  - Preliminary study of effect of aspirin and dipyridamole on platelet adhesiveness
      and fibrinolytic activity in acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 370079
TI  - Deglycyrrhizinated liquorice in the treatment of chronic duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 370081
TI  - Thyroid carcinoma -- a clinicoradiological study and review of literature.

PMID- 370080
TI  - Azotaemic osteodystrophy-present position.

PMID- 370082
TI  - Oral Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia and Bacterionema: I. Hisorical survey and
      taxonomic considerations.

PMID- 370083
TI  - Oral Fusobacterium, Leptotrichia and Bacterionema: II. Pathogenicity: a review of
      the literature.

PMID- 370084
TI  - Prosthetic obturation subsequent to total resection of the soft palate. A
      comparison of two case histories.

PMID- 370085
TI  - I. Determination of the ideal time of enamel conditioning for sealing proximal
      surfaces of teeth.

PMID- 370086
TI  - Changes in serum, liver, fat pad and thymus lipid levels in adult rats infected
      with Plasmodium berghei.

PMID- 370087
TI  - Fimbriae of Escherichia coli K-12 strain AW405 and related bacteria.
AB  - Fimbriate strains of Escherichia coli K-12 of the AW405 series agglutinated
      erythrocytes of several animal species. The hemagglutination was mannose
      senstivie, and the fimbriae were type 1. When cultured for extended periods in
      static broths, they did not form fimbrial pellicles but formed thick, nonfimbrial
      pellicles, the appearance of which was not associated with the selective
      outgrowth of fimbriate-phase bacteria.

PMID- 370088
TI  - Levallorphan-tolerant mutants of Excherichia coli with altered morphologies.
AB  - The penetration of levallorphan, a synthetic morphinan known to interact with the
      cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli, is seriously limited by the outer membrane. To
      select target-resistant mutants rather than outer membrane mutants, a two-step
      procedure was developed, which involved the selection by penicillin of an
      "intermediate" parental strain with a decreased penetration barrier and a
      subsequent positive selection of levallorphan-tolerant pseudo-revertant clones.
      Unlike the direct selection, this technique yielded various types of mutants in
      which the morphology, the septation ability, and the growth rate were greatly
      affected.

PMID- 370089
TI  - Differential inhibition of bacterial growth and hemolysin production by
      lincosamide antibiotics.
AB  - Lincomycin and clindamycin, at concentrations below those which partially
      inhibited bacterial growth, completely suppressed the production of streptolysin
      S. Chloramphenicol and erythromycin had no effect on hemolysin production.

PMID- 370091
TI  - Regulation of N-acetylglutamate synthesis in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - N-Acetylglutamate synthase was purified to homogeneity from Salmonella
      typhimurium. The enzyme is subject to repression and feedback inhibition by
      arginine. Inhibition studies indicated that arginine exerts its effect primarily
      by reducing the affinity of the enzyme for glutamate.

PMID- 370090
TI  - Effect of growth medium on the relative polypeptide composition of cellular outer
      membrane and released outer membrane material in Escherichia coli.
AB  - When ratios of the major polypeptides of the outer membrane isolated from cells
      of Escherichia coli B grown in minimal medium containing either a single amino
      acid or several amino acids were compared, no difference was observed. However,
      the ratio of these polypeptides in outer membrane material released into the
      medium during logarithmic phase growth on these two media was markedly different.

PMID- 370092
TI  - Synthesis of ribosomal proteins during the cell cycle of the yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Centrifugal elutriation was used to separate yeast cells by their cell cycle
      position. The rate of synthesis of ribosomal proteins showed a constant
      exponential increase through the cell cycle.

PMID- 370093
TI  - Microtiter plate assay for sexual agglutination in the yeast Hansenula wingei.
AB  - A fast method is described for determining the mating type of yeast spore clones
      independent of genetic complementation between auxotrophic markers.

PMID- 370094
TI  - Amber suppressor mutations in Pseudomonas acidovorans.
AB  - Almost 50% of the clones of Pseudomonas acidovorans(pLM2) selected for resistance
      to tetracycline supported the growth of an amber mutant of bacteriophage PRD1.

PMID- 370095
TI  - The relA locus specifies a positive effector in branched-chain amino acid
      transport regulation.
AB  - The regulation of branched-chain amino acid transport and periplasmic binding
      proteins was studied in Escherichia coli strains which were isogenic except for
      the relA locus, the gene for the "stringent factor," which is responsible for
      guanosine tetraphosphate synthesis. The strain containing the relA mutation could
      not be derepressed for the synthesis of leucine transport or binding proteins
      when shifted from a medium containing all 20 amino acids in excess to one in
      which leucine was limiting. The relA+ strain showed normal derepression under
      these conditions.

PMID- 370096
TI  - Chromosomal regulation of sexual expression in Escherichia coli.
AB  - We report a genetic analysis of a recessive chromosomal mutation of Escherichia
      coli K-12 that is responsibel for masking the sexual expression of an F factor
      that it carries. We call this new bacterial gene, which is closely linked to thr,
      fex, for F expression.

PMID- 370097
TI  - In vitro incorporation of molybdate into demolybdoproteins in Escherichia coli.
AB  - When Escherichia coli was grown in the presence of tungstate, inactive forms of
      two molybdoenzymes, nitrate reductase and formate dehydrogenase, accumulated and
      were converted to their active forms upon incubation of cell suspensions with
      molybdate and chloramphenicol. The conversion to the active enzymes did not occur
      in cell extracts. When incubated with [(99)Mo]molybdate and chloramphenicol, the
      tungstate-grown cells incorporated (99)Mo into protein components which were
      released from membranes by procedures used to release nitrate reductase and
      formate dehydrogenase and which migrated with these activities on polyacrylamide
      gels. Although neither activity was formed during incubation of the crude extract
      with molybdate, (99)Mo was incorporated into protein components which were
      released from the membrane fraction under the same conditions and were similar to
      the active enzymes in their electrophoretic properties. The in vitro
      incorporation of (99)Mo occurred specifically into these components and was equal
      to or greater than the amount incorporated in vivo under the same conditions.
      Molybdenum in preformed, active nitrate reductase and formate dehydrogenase did
      not exchange with [(99)Mo]molybdate, demonstrating that the observed
      incorporation depended on the demolybdo forms of the enzymes. We conclude that
      molybdate may be incorporated into the demolybdo forms both in vivo and in vitro;
      some unknown additional factor or step, required for active enzyme formation,
      occurs in vivo but not in vitro under the conditions employed.

PMID- 370099
TI  - Control of the receptor for galactose taxis in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The chemotactic response to galactose in wild-type Salmonella typhimurium is not
      inducible by galactose, but is inducible by fucose, a non-metabolizable analog.
      In a galactokinase mutant, however, the galactose receptor is inducible by
      galactose. These data indicate that the concentration of free galactose in the
      cell controls the levels of the galactose receptor. The intensities of the
      chemotactic responses were found to vary in proportion to the concentration of
      galactose receptors. In bacteria with higher levels of galactose receptors, the
      ribose response is inhibited by galactose. This supports the model in which the
      ribose and galactose receptors compete for a common component of the signaling
      system.

PMID- 370098
TI  - Deoxyribonucleic acid-membrane interactions near the origin of replication and
      initiation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli.
AB  - A previously reported salt-sensitive binding of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to
      the cell envelope in Escherichia coli, involving approximately one site per
      chromosome near the origin of DNA replication, is rapidly disrupted in vivo by
      rifampin or chloramphenicol treatment and by amino acid starvation. DNA
      replication still initiates with this origin-specific binding disrupted, even
      when the disruption extends over the period of obligatory protein and ribonucleic
      acid synthesis that must precede initiation after release of cells from amino
      acid starvation. Thus the origin-associated membrane-DNA interaction is not
      necessary either for the initiation event itself or for the maturation of a
      putative initiation apparatus in E. coli.

PMID- 370100
TI  - Membrane-bound deoxyribonucleic acid from Escherichia coli: effects of
      replication, protein synthesis, and ribonucleic acid synthesis.
AB  - The experiments presented in this paper suggest that the shift observed in
      sedimentation of deoxyribonucleic acid from cells of Escherichia coli subjected
      to amino acid starvation is related to inhibition of ribonucleic acid synthesis
      rather than to its release from the membrane at the termination of replication.

PMID- 370101
TI  - Promoter-like mutants with increased expression of the Escherichia coli uridine
      phosphorylase structural gene.
AB  - From an Escherichia coli K-12 strain lacking adenylate cyclase (cya) and cyclic
      AMP receptor protein (crp), two mutants were isolated that synthesize uridine
      phosphorylase constitutively. The mutations differ from one another and also from
      a wild type in the maximum rate of uridine phosphorylase synthesis. They have
      constitutive expression of the uridine phosphorylase gene (udp) in the presence
      of repressor protein coded by the cytR regulatory gene and decrease the
      sensitivity of the udp gene simultaneously with catabolite repression. Both
      mutations cause a high level of udp expression whether they are in a cya crp or
      in a cya+ crp+ background. Another mutation (udpP1) isolated previously alters
      the response of udp gene to the ctyR repressor and produces a higher constitutive
      level of uridine phosphorylase in a cytR+ than in a cytR background when bacteria
      are grown in glucose. The synthesis of uridine phosphorylase in this mutant is
      dependent on an intact cyclic AMP-cyclic AMP receptor protein complex. All
      mutations studied are cis-acting and extremely closely linked to the udp
      structural gene, and appear to affect the uridine phosphorylase promoter-operator
      region. The data obtained are in accordance with a suggestion that the cytR
      repressor protein normally asserts its function by preventing the positive action
      of cyclic AMP-cyclic AMP receptor protein complex.

PMID- 370102
TI  - Lipoprotein synthesis in Escherichia coli spheroplasts: accumulation of
      lipoprotein in cytoplasmic membrane.
AB  - Synthesis of cell envelope proteins was studied in ethylenediaminetetraacetic
      acid-lysozyme spheroplasts of Escherichia coli ML30. The rate of incorporation of
      [3H]arginine into proteins in spheroplasts was about 30% of that of intact cells.
      Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins synthesized
      in spheroplasts revealed the preferential synthesis of five polypeptides, one of
      which has been identified as the free form of murein lipoprotein. Lipoprotein
      synthesized in spheroplasts was found to be of same molecular size as that of
      mature lipoprotein. No prolipoprotein was observed even with a short pulse
      labeling with [3H]arginine. On the other hand, significant accumulation of newly
      synthesized lipoprotein in the cytoplasmic membrane fraction of spheroplasts was
      observed. These results suggest that the processing of prolipoprotein occurs in
      the cytoplasmic membrane fraction of the cell envelope.

PMID- 370103
TI  - Effect of host lex, recA, recF, and uvrD genotypes on the ultraviolet light
      protecting and related properties of plasmid R46 in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The ability of plasmid R46 to reduce the lethal but enhance the mutagenic effect
      of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was tested in sets of Escherichia coli K-12
      derivatives, wild type or with different mutations affecting DNA repair capacity,
      but otherwise isogenic. UV protection and enhancement of UV mutagenic effect were
      obtained in uvrA6, uvrB5, uvrD3, and recF143 hosts, but not in a recA56 strain.
      The plasmid gave some UV protection in two lexA1 and two lexA101 strains and in
      one lexA102 host, but produced no such effect in another lexA102 host. The
      plasmid restored UV mutagenic effect in a lexB30 strain, the yield of induced
      mutants per survivor of irradiation (10 J/m2) being about the same for the
      lexB30(R46) and lex+(R46) strains; by contrast the plasmid, though it reduced the
      UV sensitivity of the lexB30 strain, did not make it as UV-resistant as the lex+
      R-strain.

PMID- 370104
TI  - Acetohydroxy acid synthase I of Escherichia coli: purification and properties.
AB  - Several properties of the three acetohydroxy acid synthases of Escherichia coli
      have been compared in crude extracts. The three enzymes can be readily
      distinguished from each other. Acetohydroxy acid synthase I, the product of the
      ilvB gene, has been purified to near homogeneity. The purification was made
      possible by the fact that the enzyme was maintained in buffers of a high ionic
      strength or in buffers containing glycerol. Density gradient centrifugation
      studies indicated that the enzyme exists as a dimer of subunits of similar
      (60,000) molecular weight in buffers containing glycerol with or without two of
      the cofactors. Mg2+ and thiamine diphosphate. When flavine adenine dinucleotide
      was added along with Mg2+ and thiamine diphosphate, an increase in the rate of
      sedimentation occurred that was thought to be due to a rapid tetramer-dimer
      interconversion. The addition of pyruvate, the substrate, along with the three
      cofactors, resulted in a further increase in sedimentation rate, due presumably
      to an increase in the tetramer-to-dimer ratio. The addition of valine to the
      complete system resulted in maintenance of the enzyme in the dimeric state
      concomitant with inhibition of enzyme activity.

PMID- 370105
TI  - Biochemical characterization of nonintegrated plasmid-folded chromosome
      complexes: sex factor F and the Escherichia coli nucleoid.
AB  - The existence of nonintegrated plasmid-chromosome complexes has been deduced in
      previous work from the cosedimentation of covalently closed, circular plasmids
      with host folded chromosomes. In the present work, it is shown that about 70 to
      90% of the covalently closed, circular F deoxyribonucleic acid could be released
      in vitro from chromosome complexes by ribonuclease treatment but not by protease,
      Sarkosyl, or ethidium bromide. Consistent with the in vitro studies, Escherichia
      coli cells treated for 5 min with rifampin, an inhibitor of ribonucleic acid
      initiation, released upon lysis 90% of their plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid as
      freely sedimenting molecules.

PMID- 370106
TI  - Simplified preparation of mycoplasmas, an acholeplasma, and a spiroplasma for
      scanning electron microscopy.
AB  - A simple, effective procedure was developed for scanning electron microscopic
      examination of mycoplasmas and similar organisms. Cultivation of several
      mycoplasmal species, an acholeplasma, and a spiroplasma in broth media in
      Leighton tubes with cover slips resulted in attachment of the organisms to the
      cover slips. The attached cells were easily processed for either scanning
      electron microscopy or light microscopy. By eliminating the need for
      centrifugation, which was used in previously described techniques, physical
      stress on the cell is minimized. The effects of different preparative procedures
      on the morphology of Mycoplasma gallisepticum are described.

PMID- 370107
TI  - Transposition of a duplicate antibiotic resistance gene and generation of
      deletions in plasmid R6K.
AB  - Transformation experiments showed that spontaneous deletions which result in loss
      of streptomycin resistance and an increase in conjugal transfer efficiency are
      present at a frequency of about 10(-4) in plasmid molecules of R6K. Similar
      deletions were thus readily selected by conjugal transfer of R6K, and their
      appearance was dependent upon recA+ activity in either donor or recipient host.
      The deoxyribonucleic acid segment deleted in four mutants examined was concluded
      to extend from the same terminus of the transposon, TnA, in the same direction,
      but to different extents, and to retain the TnA region intact. Insertions of a
      duplicate TnA element were found in R6K plasmids isolated from strains selected
      for increased ampicillin resistance, which were unstable in recA+ strains. In
      four plasmids examined after transfer to a recA host, an inverted repeat of the
      preexisting TnA element was shown to have been inserted at a similar location and
      was in two instances associated with deletions which extended from the same
      direction as those described above. The deletions are ascribed to the result of
      recA+-dependent recombination between direct repeats of TnA.

PMID- 370108
TI  - Location of an ampicillin resistance transposon, Tn1701, in a group of small,
      nontransferring plasmids.
AB  - By restriction endonuclease cleavage mapping and electron microscopic examination
      of heteroduplexes, we have identified an ampicillin resistance determinant
      transposon, designated Tn1701, in a group of small, nontransferring plasmids
      which confer resistance to ampicillin (Ap), sulfonamide (Su), and streptomycin
      (Sm). Plasmid NTP1, which mediates Ap resistance, contains Tn1701. Recombinant
      plasmids NTP3 (Ap Su) and NTP4 (Ap Su Sm) contain Tn1701, indicating that they
      were derived by transposition of Tn1701 from NTP1 to an unrelated plasmid, NTP2
      (Su Sm). The transposon Tn1701 is very similar to the known ampicillin resistance
      transposons Tn1, Tn2, and Tn3 in its size (3.2 x 10(6) daltons), base sequence
      homology observed by heteroduplex formation, restriction endonuclease cleavage
      sites, and possession of a short inverted repeat sequence at both ends. Like the
      other TnA elements, Tn1701 also specifies a type TEM beta-lactamase.

PMID- 370109
TI  - A double-blind comparative study of desipramine hydrochloride and diazepam in the
      control of mixed anxiety/depression symptomatology.
AB  - The comparative therapeutic effects of desipramine hydrochloride and diazepam on
      the various symptoms of depression and anxiety were evaluated in a double-blind,
      parallel 4 week study of 53 psychoneurotic outpatients who manifested moderate-to
      severe depression and anxiety. The median daily dose for the desipramine treated
      group was 150 mg; for the diazepam treated group, 20 mg. Patients who received
      desipramine scored significantly better than diazepam treated patients on 26 of
      the total of 51 variables derived from The Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for
      Depression, The Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Anxiety, and 2 clinical
      global impressions. Patients who received diazepam scored significantly better on
      1 variable, an item pertaining to sleep.

PMID- 370110
TI  - Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase of Escherichia coli. The role of lysyl residues
      in the catalytic and regulatory functions.
AB  - Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase [EC 4.1.1.31] of E. coli was inactivated by
      2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonate (TNBS), a reagent known to attack amino groups in
      polypeptides. When the modified enzyme was hydrolyzed with acid, epsilon
      trinitrophenyl lysine (TNP-lysine) was identified as a product. Close similarity
      of the absorption spectrum of the modified enzyme to that of TNP-alpha-acetyl
      lysine and other observations indicated that most of the amino acid residues
      modified were lysyl residues. Spectrophotometric determination suggested that
      five lysyl residues out of 37 residues per subunit were modified concomitant with
      the complete inactivation of the enzyme. DL-Phospholactate (P-lactate), a potent
      competitive inhibitor of the enzyme, protected the enzyme from TNBS inactivation.
      The concentration of P-lactate required for half-maximal protection was 3 mM in
      the presence of Mg2+ and acetyl-CoA (CoASAc), which is one of the allosteric
      activators of the enzyme. About 1.3 lysyl residues per subunit were protected
      from modification by 10 mM P-lactate, indicating that one or two lysyl residues
      are essential for the catalytic activity and are located at or near the active
      site. The Km values of the partially inactivated enzyme for PEP and Mg2+ were
      essentially unchanged, though Vmax was decreased. The partially inactivated
      enzyme showed no sensitivity to the allosteric activators, i.e., fructose 1,6
      bisphosphate (Fru-1,6-P2) and GTP, or to the allosteric inhibitor, i.e., L
      aspartate (or L-malate), but retained sensitivities to other activators, i.e.,
      CoASAc and long-chain fatty acids. P-lactate, in the presence of Mg2+ and CoASAc,
      protected the enzyme from inactivation, but did not protect it from
      desensitization to Fru-1,6-P2, GTP, and L-aspartate. However, when the
      modification was carried out in the presence of L-malate, the enzyme was
      protected from desensitization to L-aspartate (or L-malate), but was not
      protected from desensitization to Fru-1,6-P2 and GTP. These results indicate that
      the lysyl residues involved in the catalytic and regulatory functions are
      different from each other, and that lysyl residues involved in the regulation by
      L-aspartate (or L-malate) are also different from those involved in the
      regulation by Fru-1,6-P2 and GTP.

PMID- 370111
TI  - Effect of a serine protease on isolated myofibrils.
AB  - Morphological changes occurred in myofibrils prepared from the glycerinated psoas
      muscle of rabbit during incubation with a serine protease crystallized from rat
      skeletal muscle. Two notable phenomena were observed: (1) loss of the Z band in
      the early stage of incubation and (2) complete disappearance of the A band after
      swelling of the myofibrils. The results indicate that the serine protease has an
      action on myofibrils different from that of Ca2+-dependent neutral protease.

PMID- 370112
TI  - Computer aided tomographic thermography: a numerical simulation.

PMID- 370113
TI  - Identification of a high molecular weight actin-binding protein in skeletal
      muscle.
AB  - A large polypeptide having a molecular weight of 240,000 as determined by
      electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate has been identified in
      whole cell homogenates from chick skeletal muscle myoblasts and the rat myoblast
      L6 cell line. A similar polypeptide was identified in both thigh and breast
      chicken skeletal muscle, but the latter contained less of this protein per g of
      tissue. Antibodies made to gizzard filamin (an actin-binding protein having a
      molecular weight of 240,000) cross-reacted with the partially purified Mr =
      240,000 protein from chicken skeletal muscle. With use of the indirect
      immunofluorescence technique, the filamin antibody localized in the Z-line region
      of chicken skeletal muscle myofibrils. These results indicate that skeletal
      muscle contains a filamin-like protein that may form an integral part of the
      myofibril structure.

PMID- 370114
TI  - Methanol formation in vivo from methylated chemotaxis proteins in Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Chemotactically wild type Escherichia coli were incubated with L-[methyl
      3H]methionine to label the methyl groups of their methyl-accepting chemotaxis
      proteins. Cells were then treated to specifically demethylate these proteins. We
      have identified the end product of this demethylation as [3H]methanol in the cell
      free medium from treated cells.

PMID- 370115
TI  - Kinetics study of yeast pyruvate kinase after modification of exposed sulfhydryl
      residues.

PMID- 370116
TI  - Modification of yeast pyruvate kinase by an active site-directed reagent,
      bromopyruvate.

PMID- 370117
TI  - Compartment syndrome as a complication of the Hauser procedure.
AB  - A compartment syndrome developed in eleven patients who had undergone the Hauser
      procedure. The residual disabilities ranged from mild weakness and contracture of
      the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg to complete muscle necrosis
      necessitating above-the knee amputation in two patients. Dissections of ten
      cadaver limbs demonstrated that the anterior tibial recurrent vessels have
      numberous leash-like branches that terminate along the lateral border of the
      tibial tubercle. When these vessels are sectioned they retract laterally and
      distally under the fascia and within the muscles of the anterior compartment. It
      is postulated that continued postoperative bleeding from these vessels after the
      Hauser procedure may lead to an ischemic compartment syndrome in the leg.

PMID- 370118
TI  - The operative treatment of elbow dislocation in the adult.
AB  - Operative treatment of traumatic dislocation of the elbow joint is indicated when
      there is proved gross instability or osteochondral fractures and loose bodies, or
      both. We performed a capsule-ligament repair in twenty-eight patients, and no
      cast was applied postoperatively. Satisfactory results were achieved with an
      average follow-up of two and one-half months. In all patients postoperative
      assisted range-of-motion exercise was begun after the operative wound and healed.
      The functional outcome depended on the osseous lesions involving the articular
      surface and on the time interval between the accident and the operation.

PMID- 370120
TI  - Wound botulism complicating an open fracture. A case report and review of the
      literature.

PMID- 370119
TI  - Anterior cervical vertebral body resection and bone-grafting for benign and
      malignant tumors. A survey under the auspices of the Cervical Spine Research
      Society.

PMID- 370121
TI  - Pyogenic non-tuberculous spinal infection: an analysis of thirty cases.
AB  - Thirty patients with non-tuberculous pyogenic osteomyelitis of the spine are
      reported in all of whom the diagnosis was confirmed bacteriologically,
      histologically or serologically. The clinical and radiological features and
      investigations are analysed. Back pain, localised to the level involved, was the
      predominant symptom. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was raised in all cases,
      and a characteristic sequence of radiological features is described.

PMID- 370122
TI  - The vertical dimension of speech: the pilot of occlusion.

PMID- 370123
TI  - Need, demand and supply of denture services in California.

PMID- 370124
TI  - The efficacy of vitreous carbon implants as overdenture supports.

PMID- 370126
TI  - Do human spermatozoa reactivate in the cytoplasm of somatic cells?
AB  - The morphological changes following Sendai virus-enhanced interaction of purified
      fractions of human spermatozoa with various types of fibroblast lines were
      examined over a period of several days. The incorporation of spermatozoa was
      monitored by a variety of immunofluorescent staining techniques, including one
      for protamin. The initially high incorporation frequency (30--40%) was
      accompanied by swelling of the acrosome and nucleus, which, in most instances,
      was followed by gradual lysis of the sperm components. However, a small
      proportion of all incorporated spermatozoa (2%) exhibited chromatin
      decondensation, accompanied by a shift from a protamin to histone content and
      induction of RNA and DNA synthesis. These latter cells appear to fit the criteria
      for true reactivation and electron-microscope studies show that they do not
      undergo phagocytosis as do the majority of incorporated spermatozoa.

PMID- 370125
TI  - alpha-Actinin localization in the junctional complex of intestinal epithelial
      cells.
AB  - We have used antibody to chicken gizzard alpha-actinin to identify and localize
      this molecule in chicken intestinal epithelium. The antibody binds only to alpha
      actinin when tested against a crude extract of chicken gizzard. Extracts of
      purified epithelial cells contain a molecule which has a subunit molecular weight
      of 100,000 on sodium dodecyl sulphate gels and which is able to inhibit the
      interaction of alpha-actinin antibody and 125I-labeled chicken gizzard alpha
      actinin. By indirect immunofluorescence, alpha-actinin is localized in the apical
      portion of chicken intestinal epithelial cells. Ethanol-fixed cryostat sections
      of intestine taken through the apical portion of the epithelial cells and in a
      plane perpendicular to the long axis of the cells show that alpha-actinin is
      organized in a polygonal pattern which corresponds to the outlines of the
      polygonally packed epithelial cells. We interpret the data as indicating that
      alpha-actinin is a component of the tight junction (zonula occludens) and/or the
      belt desmosome (zonula adherens), both of which are membrane structures known to
      encircle the cell and to be confined to its apical portion.

PMID- 370127
TI  - Insect axopods.
AB  - Using the elctron microscope we have found axopods, a cell organelle previously
      undescribed in multicellular animals, in the lower Malpighian tubule of the
      insect. Rhodnius prolixus. The axopods, which are 0.2 to 0.8 micrometer in
      diameter and 10 or more micrometer in length, derive from the luminal surface of
      the tubule and contain an array of 1 to about 46 microtubules each. These
      microtubules arise within the cell near the cell junctions or near clumps of
      mitochondria. Uric acid crystals which occur naturally in the lower tubule have
      been observed to move down the tubule under experimental conditions where
      peristalsis and fluid secretion can be ruled out. We suggest that the axopods are
      motile and serve to transport the crystals along the narrow tubule lumen. Since
      cilia are not found on somatic cells of arthropods, we suggest that axopods have
      evolved in the lower tubule to perform a function analogous to a ciliated
      epithelium in other animals.

PMID- 370128
TI  - Cell differentiation during fruiting body formation in polysphondylium pallidum.
AB  - The spatial pattern of cellular differentiation was studied during fruiting body
      formation in Polysphondylium pallidum using 3 different staining methods:
      Calcofluor fluorescence (cellulose accumulation), neutral red (prestalk cells)
      and immunofluorescence (prespore cells). Neutral-red staining revealed the
      existence of a clear prestalk region which becomes evident during aggregation and
      continues throughout culmination. Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated that
      cells in the prestalk region gradually lose their presporeness (fluorescence) as
      they are transformed into differentiated stalk cells. Calcofluor staining
      revealed that stalk cell differentiation begins during the mid-aggregation phase
      and that the mode of formation of the main stalk and the side branches differs
      slightly in morphology. Calcofluor staining also demonstrated the development,
      during aggregation, of a thick cellulosic girdle with lateral tubular extensions
      which surround the aggregation streams. The above results are discussed in terms
      of our present knowledge about differentiation and morphogenesis in cellular
      slime moulds.

PMID- 370129
TI  - Plasma membrane vesiculation in 3T3 and SV3T3 cells. I. Morphological and
      biochemical characterization.
AB  - 3T3 and SV3T3 mouse embryo cells and a variety of other monolayer cell lines can
      be induced to form and shed plasma membrane vesicles by exposure to sulphydryl
      blocking agents including formaldehyde and N-ethyl malemide. Morphological
      studies show that multiple vesicles are formed and released from individual cells
      and that the vesicle membrane is continuous with the plasma membrane of the cell.
      Vesicles measure from o.1 to 15 micrometer in diameter and are free of detectable
      contamination with cytoplasmic membranes and organelles. Vesicles also show a 10
      fold enrichment in the plasma membrane marker enzyme 5'-nucleotidase and are
      devoid of detectable NADH-cytochrome C reductase and succinic dehydrogenase
      activity which are marker enzymes for endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria,
      respectively. Vesicles have a high cholesterol: phospholipid ratio and show
      enrichment in sphingomyelin content. They contain receptors for Con A and WGA,
      approximately 20 size class polypeptides and intramembranous particles. These
      results suggest that vesicles are derived from and have the general
      characteristics of plasma membranes.

PMID- 370130
TI  - Altered patterns of ribonucleic acid synthesis during the cell cycle: a mechanism
      compensating for variation in gene concentration.
AB  - In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a series of diploid mutants
      divides at smaller cell sizes than wild type. In these smaller strains, the mean
      gene concentration (defined by previous authors as the DNA to protein ratio) is
      higher than in wild type. Such an increase in gene concentration should also
      increase the concentration of those components such as messenger and ribosomal
      RNA, whose rate of synthesis is determined by gene dosage. We show that the mean
      concentrations of these 2 RNA species in the small cells are not increased, but
      are the same as in wild type. The small mutant cells are thus able to compensate
      for changes in gene concentration. This compensation is shown to operate through
      differences in the patterns of synthesis of RNA during the cell cycle. In all the
      strains of the diploid series, the rates of synthesis of messenger and ribosomal
      RNA double as steps once in each cell cycle. The timings of the steps in the cell
      cycle appear to be cell-size related, since the smaller the cell at division, the
      later are the steps in the cell cycle. In contrast, there is comparatively little
      variation in the timing of DNA replication in the cycles of cells of different
      sizes. We propose that after DNA replication, there is a delay before doubling in
      the rate of transcription. Such a cell mass-related delay is all that is required
      to compensate for increased gene concentration, and results in the same mean
      functional DNA concentration in all strains. This mechanism will maintain the
      same mean messenger and ribosomal RNA concentrations in cells dividing at
      different sizes. Ways in which the cell size-related control over transcription
      may operate are discussed.

PMID- 370131
TI  - Electron microscopy of spermatocytes previously studied in life: methods and some
      observations on micromanipulated chromosomes.
AB  - A new method is offered for combined living cell and electron-microscopic studies
      of spermatocytes (or other cells) which normally do not adhere to glass. The key
      step is micro-injection of glutaraldehyde near the target cell whenever desired
      during observation in life. Fixation begins and simultaneously the cell is stuck
      very firmly to the underlying coverslip. The method is easy and reliable: cells
      are almost never lost and are well preserved, except for membranes. The
      application of the method is illustrated by studies of micromanipulated
      grasshopper spermatocytes. A chromosome was detached from the spindle and placed
      in the cytoplasm. Before or after the beginning of chromosome movement back
      toward the spindle, the cell was fixed, sectioned and the manipulated chromosome
      observed in the electron microscope. If the detached chromosome had not moved by
      the time of fixation, no or only one or two microtubules were seen at its
      kinetochore, but if movement had occurred, a few microtubules were always
      present. The arrangement of these microtubules corresponded to the direction of
      movement, but they commonly were at an unusual angle relative to the kinetochore.
      The origin and role in chromosome movement of the microtubules seen near moving
      chromosomes far from the spindle is not yet established, but a speculation is
      offered. A goal for future work is the detailed analysis of the microtubules
      associated with individual moving chromosomes. Such an analysis is feasible
      because the moving chromosome is far removed from the confusing mass of spindle
      microtubules, and its value is enhanced because the direction of movement at the
      time of fixation is known.

PMID- 370132
TI  - Polypeptides. Part 15. Synthesis and biological activity of alpha-aza-analogues
      of luliberin modified in positions 6 and 10.

PMID- 370133
TI  - Polypeptides. Part 16. Synthesis and biological activity of alpha-aza-analogues
      of luliberin with high antagonist activity.

PMID- 370134
TI  - [Surgery in the world. Bibliographic index].

PMID- 370135
TI  - Hyperactivity, impulsivity and reflectivity: an examination of their relationship
      and implications for clinical child psychology.

PMID- 370136
TI  - Botulism: a pyrolysis-gas-liquid chromatographic study.
AB  - Forty samples of dried Clostridia bacteria were subjected to pyrolysis-gas-liquid
      chromatography (PGLC). Examination of the key fingerprint peaks enabled the
      analyst to differentiate the samples into their respective antigenic groups.
      Peaks occurring at the high boiling end of profile could be used to distinguish
      proteolytic from non-proteolytic strains of C-botulinum. PGLC has proven to be a
      highly reproducible as well as a rapid specific method for differentiating and
      identifying samples of Clostridium botulinum.

PMID- 370137
TI  - The effect of methysergide, pimozide, and sodium valproate on the diazepam
      stimulated growth hormone secretion in man.
AB  - Diazepam-induced GH secretion was tested on 28 male volunteers before and after a
      3-day treatment with methysergide, pimozide, or sodium valproate. Serum GH,
      diazepam, and blood glucose levels were determined. Without prior medication, the
      mean serum GH level increased 336% 1 h after diazepam administration. Treatment
      with the serotonin antagonist, methysergide, had no effect on the diazepam
      stimulated GH secretion, whereas pimozide, the selective dopamine receptor
      blocking agent, reduced the GH response to diazepam by 50% (P less than 0.05).
      Sodium valproate, a gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase inhibitor, also
      inhibited diazepam-induced GH secretion; stimulated GH levels were 51% at 30 min
      (P less than 0.025), 39% at 60 min (P less than 0.025), and 46% at 90 min (P less
      than 0.025) relative to the stimulated levels without medication. No difference
      was found in blood glucose or serum diazepam levels after the drug treatments
      relative to the values obtained under basal conditions. It is suggested that
      diazepam-induced GH secretion is at least partly mediated via dopaminergic
      mechanisms. Serotonin does not seem to be involved. It is further proposed that
      gamma-aminobutyric acid plays an inhibitory role in GH secretion.

PMID- 370138
TI  - Modulation of the gonadotropin response to constant luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone infusion by acute and chronic testosterone administration in
      Klinefelter's syndrome.

PMID- 370139
TI  - Urinary excretion of immunoreactive luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-like
      material and gonadotropins at different stages of life.

PMID- 370140
TI  - Metabolically deficient dwarf-colony mutants of Escherichia coli: deficiency and
      resistance to antibiotics of strains isolated from urine culture.
AB  - Sixteen metabolically deficient dwarf-colony mutants of Escherichia coli were
      isolated from urine culture and represented about 2% of all E. coli isolated
      during the same period. In 14 cases, mutants were isolated from debilitated
      patients: elderly persons or patients in the terminal stages of a chronic
      disease. In 15 of these subjects, deficient dwarf-colony mutants appeared to be
      the true cause of urinary tract infection, since there was leukocyturia and
      important bacteriuria, and organisms were obtained in pure culture. Study of
      metabolic deficiencies on Davis synthetic medium and nutritive agar resulted in
      the identification of eleven deficiencies in cysteine, two in thiamine, two in
      thymidine, and one in glutamine. Study of resistance to antibiotics revealed that
      nine were susceptible to all antibiotics, three were resistant to tetracycline
      alone, two were resistant to two antibiotics (chloramphenicol-tetracycline,
      streptomycin-tetracycline), and two were resistant to three antibiotics
      (ampicillin-chloramphenicol-tetracycline, ampicillin-streptomycin-tetracycline).
      Resistance was coded for by conjugative plasmids in five strains.

PMID- 370141
TI  - Multi-laboratory evaluation of an automated microbial detection/identification
      system.
AB  - An automated and computerized system (Automicrobic System [AMS]) for the
      detection of frequently encountered bacteria in clinical urine specimens was
      tested in a collaborative study among six laboratories. The sensitivity,
      specificity, reliability, and reproducibility of the AMS were determined, and the
      system was compared with conventional detection and identification systems. In
      this study, pure cultures and mixtures of pure cultures were used to simulate
      clinical urine specimens. With pure cultures, the sensitivity of the AMS in
      identifying the nine groups of organisms most commonly found in urine averaged
      92.8%. The specificity averaged 99.4%, and the reliability of a positive result
      averaged 92.1%. The latter value was strongly influenced by a relatively high
      occurrence of false positive Escherichia coli results. The AMS was capable of
      detecting growth of most organisms, including those which it was not designed to
      identify. However, it identified some of these incorrectly as common urinary
      tract flora. Reproducibility of results, both within laboratories and among
      different laboratories, was high. Fast-growing organisms, such as E. coli and
      Klebsiella/Enterobacter species, were detected often at cell populations well
      below the AMS enumeration threshold of 70,000/ml. In mixed culture studies, high
      levels of sensitivity and specificity were maintained but when Serratia species
      were present in mixtures with other organisms, there was often a false positive
      report of E. coli. The overall performance of the AMS was considered satisfactory
      under the test conditions used.

PMID- 370142
TI  - Effects of storage in an anaerobic transport system on bacteria in known
      polymicrobial mixtures and in clinical specimens.
AB  - An anaerobic transport system (ATS) which provides for catalytic removal of
      oxygen was evaluated by using in vitro-prepared polymicrobial mixtures of
      logphase bacteria and clinical specimens. Inoculated swabs were stored at room
      temperature in (i) aerobic, (ii) anaerobic glove box, and (iii) ATS environments,
      and bacteria were quantitated after 2, 24, 48, and 72 h. Bacteria in a three-part
      mixture of Bacteroides fragilis, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and Escherichia
      coli and in a five-part mixture of B. fragilis, P. anaerobius, Fusobacterium
      nucleatum, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa survived 72 h
      of storage in the ATS and anaerobic glove box environments, but the anaerobic
      species were inactivated in the aerobic storage except for B. fragilis in pure
      culture or in the three-part mixture. Changes in relative proportions among the
      species in a mixture were least in the ATS and anaerobic glove box environments
      and greatest during the aerobic storage, particularly in the five-part mixture.
      Bacteria present in pure or mixed culture in clinical specimens generally
      survived 72 h of storage in the ATS. These data indicate that changes in relative
      proportions occur with prolonged storage even under anaerobic conditions, but
      that the ATS would be most effective for preserving anaerobic bacteria and
      preventing drastic concentration changes and overgrowth of facultative and
      aerobic bacteria.

PMID- 370143
TI  - Evaluation of the Repliscan system for identification of Enterobacteriaceae.
AB  - The Repliscan system, a semiautomated method for identifying gram-negative
      bacilli, was evaluated for its potential usefulness in clinical microbiology
      laboratories. A total of 1,877 isolates, including 1,712 fermentative and 165
      nonfermentative organisms, were tested in parallel with the Repliscan and
      Enterotube methods of enteric identification. Discrepancies were retested in each
      system as well as with conventional methods. The Repliscan method correctly
      identified 91%, misidentified 2%, and failed to identify 7% of the fermentative
      orgamisms tested. Of the genera under study, Enterobacter posed the greatest
      problem to the system in terms of overall identification rates. The Repliscan
      appears to be an efficient, economic, and effective laboratory tool for
      identification of Enterobacteriaceae.

PMID- 370144
TI  - Increased Escherichia coli enterotoxin detection after concentrating culture
      supernatants: possible new enterotoxin detectable in dogs but not in infant mice.
AB  - The heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) of Escherichia coli can be detected by infant
      mouse or dog intestinal loop tests. These tests differ in that the dog assay uses
      concentrated culture supernatants and is based on measurements of net intestinal
      absorption, whereas the mouse test uses unconcentrated supernatants and depends
      on gross fluid accumulation. To compare the relative sensitivities of these
      assays, culture supernatants of randomly selected E. coli isolates from 34
      Bangalee diarrhea patients were tested for ST in dog loops and infant mice.
      Supernatants were also tested for heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) in dog loops, Y-1
      adrenal cells, and Chinese hamster ovary cells. E. coli supernatants that
      produced positive responses for both ST and LT in the dog loop assay (ST+/LT+)
      also produced positive responses when tested for ST in infant mice and for LT in
      cell lines. Supernatants of strains negative for ST and LT in dog loop (ST-/LT)
      were also negative in other assays. Of 10 strains positive for just ST in the dog
      loop test (ST+/LT-), only 5 were ST positive in the standard infant mouse test.
      Supernatants of the other five strains (dog loop positive, mouse test negative)
      were then concentrated 100-fold and retested in mice. Three of these five gave
      consistently positive results after concentration, and two were only
      intermittently positive. Concentrated supernatants of negative control strains
      (ST-/LT-) were all negative in mice. The dog assay detects more strains producing
      ST than the infant mouse test. The infant mouse test, which detects only gross
      fluid accumulation, failed to detect approximately half of the 10 strains which
      produced ST alone (ST+/LT-; P = 0.025). Concentrating supernatants for the mouse
      assay increases sensitivity for detection of ST, but certain E. coli strains
      produce a variety of ST to which infant mice do not respond.

PMID- 370145
TI  - Enzyme-linked immunospecific antibody test for detecting antibody to Klebsiella.
AB  - The enzyme-linked immunospecific antibody  test was performed in standard test
      tubes and microtiter plates to meausre high-titer antibody against Klebsiella
      capsular polysaccharide. Initial studies were conducted with rabbit sera; other
      studies were conducted with the serum of a patient infected with type 9
      Klebsiella. Both immunized rabbits and an infected patient disclosed high titers
      of anticapsular antibody. Control sera from other immunized rabbits and other
      infected humans failed to show this substantial antibody titer against type 9
      Klebsiella. Comparisons between counterimmunoelectrophoresis and indirect
      immunofluorescence disclosed that the sensitivity of the enzyme-linked
      immunospecific antibody test for anti-Klebsiella antibody ranged between 400 and
      10,000 times that of these tests.

PMID- 370146
TI  - Typing methods for Proteus rettgeri: comparison of biotype, antibiograms,
      serotype, and bacteriocin production.
AB  - Two hunderd five strains of Proteus rettgeri from epidemic and nonepidemic
      sources were differentiated by a new biotyping scheme, agglutination in O
      antisera, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and a new scheme based on
      bacteriocin production. The P. rettgeri were divided into 10 groups by their
      fermentation of lactose, sucrose, D-mannitol, and salicin. These groups were then
      subdivided into 19 biotypes by other biochemical reactions. Bacteriocin
      production was tested by the cross-streak method. Thirty-four bacteriocin
      sensitive indicator strains were evaluated, and 16 were selected for the final
      scheme and used to type the 205 P. rettgeri, which were divided into 15
      bacteriocin types. Serologically, 43% of the P. rettgeri were O42, 13% were
      untypable, 4% were O15, and 3% each were O33, O64, and O84 in addition to 31
      remaining serotypes. Strains of P. rettgeri from known outbreaks contained fewer
      biotypes, O groups, and bacteriocin types and were more resistant to
      antimicrobial agents than endemic strains. Strains with common patterns with all
      four marker systems were frequently associated with outbreaks. A strong
      correlation between multiple antibiotic resistance and bacteriocin production was
      shown.

PMID- 370147
TI  - Serological identification of group A streptococci from throat scrapings before
      culture.
AB  - The use of a microtechnique (modified nitrous acid extraction) to test samples
      from 150 school children and from patients with acute follicular tonsillitis has
      indicated that group A streptococci in the throat can be identified from
      tonsillar scrapings in 30 min. The results are comparable to the grouping results
      obtained by standard throat culture techniques and the Lancefield procedure for
      grouping. No cross-reaction with other bacteria or cellular material occurs.
      Study has also shown that the nitrous acid extraction yields three- to fourfold
      more polysaccharides than the Lancefield hot-HCl of Fuller formamide techniques.
      The use of the microtechnique leads to another 20-fold concentration of the
      antigen. Immune salting-out effect could be obtained with 1.00 M sodium acetate.
      Such molarity is too low to cause nonspecific slating out. It leads to a strong
      ampliciation of the precipitin reaction.

PMID- 370148
TI  - Rapid entry port for an anaerobic glove box.
AB  - A rapid entry mechanism for an anaerobic glove box is described. The entry port
      is practical for entry or removal of one or two items and requires only seconds
      to operate. No deleterious effect on isolation or growth of anaerobes has been
      encountered since installation of the rapid entry port 3.5 years ago. Details for
      its construction are given.

PMID- 370150
TI  - Esterase activity in Candida species.
AB  - The purpose of this investigation was to ascertain the lipolytic activities
      (specifically, esterase) of those species of Candida that are most commonly
      isolated from human infections. Eight species of Candida were surveyed for their
      ability to hydrolyze various polyoxyethylene sorbitan compounds (Tweens). Of the
      64 isolates tested, each had activity for at least one of the substrates. Most of
      the isolates hydrolyzed Tweens 40, 60, and 85. In contrast, none hydrolyzed Tween
      80. Only one species hydrolyzed Tween 20. The patterns of precipitation resulting
      from reactions of fatty acids hydrolyzed from Tweens 40, 60, and 85 with calcium
      ions in the media were also useful in distinguishing some of the species. In the
      past, such reactions have been reported as being dependent on esterase activity.

PMID- 370149
TI  - Phagocytic resistance of Escherichia coli K-1 isolates and relationship to
      virulence.
AB  - Blood culture isolates from 133 episodes of Escherichia coli bacteremia were
      typed for K-1 capsular antigen by immunodiffusion, utilizing equine antiserum
      raised against meningococcal group B polysaccharide. Twenty-six percent (34 of
      133) of these isolates were positive for K-1 antigen. These 133 strains, 34 K-1
      and 99 non-K-1, were tested for susceptibility to phagocytosis. K-1 strains were
      found to be more resistant to clearance (27%) than non-K-1 strains (71%) when
      tested in an in vitro opsonophagocytic/killing assay containing normal human
      granulocytes and plasma. Additional studies demonstrated that resistance was due
      to decreased phagocytosis rather than diminished intraleukocytic killing. K-1
      strains obtained from stool showed a similar degree of resistance to phagocytosis
      when compared with K-1 blood isolates. A comparison of clinical data on non
      neonatal patients with E. coli K-1 and non-K-1 bacteremia showed no significant
      differences in mortality for these two groups. The incidence of shock for
      patients bacteremic with K-1 strains (74%) was significantly greater than that
      for patients bacteremic with non-K-1 strains (33%). These differences are
      attributed to the increased resistance to phagocytosis observed for K-1 versus
      non-K-1 E. coli isolates.

PMID- 370151
TI  - Evaluation of a routine anaerobic subculture of blood cultures for detection of
      anaerobic bacteremia.
AB  - The value of a routine 48-h anaerobic subculture of blood cultures was assessed
      in our laboratory over a 4-month period. Excluding presumed contaminants,
      anaerobes represented 51 (6.9%) of the total number of 734 positive cultures.
      Sixteen isolates (all Bacteroides) from six patients were detected by the
      anaerobic subculture. All but one of these were also detected macroscopically.
      Excluding the one isolate, the routine anaerobic subculture hastened the
      identification of anaerobic organisms by only 1 day in two patients. We conclude
      that a routine anaerobic subculture is not indicated for the detection of
      anaerobic bacteremia.

PMID- 370152
TI  - Simultaneous nosocomial outbreaks caused by multiply resistant Klebsiella
      pneumoniae types 2 and 30.
AB  - Two simultaneous Klebsiella pneumoniae outbreaks resistant to multiple
      antibiotics are reported. The closely related strains were distinguished by
      comparing the zone diameters obtained by disk diffusion susceptibility testing
      but not by interpretations of susceptible, resistant, or intermediate. Similar
      conclusions were made when minimal inhibitory concentrations were considered. The
      separation was subsequently confirmed by capsular serotyping into types 2 and 30.
      The data presented suggest that routine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns
      obtained from disk diffusion and/or minimal inhibitory concentrations may serve
      as an inexpensive and reliable typing system for epidemiological investigations.

PMID- 370153
TI  - Tests of gender feelings and behavior in homosexuality, transvestism and
      transsexualism.
AB  - Categorized 64 male transsexual and transvestite Ss into two groups on the basis
      of the strength of their feminine gender identity. The two groups were compared
      to a homosexual group and a control group on four tests designed to measure
      gender feelings and behavior, namely: the California Personality Inventory
      Femininity Scale, the Draw-A-Person test, the Franck Drawing Completion test, and
      the Information and Vocabulary subtests of the WAIS. It was found that the CPI-Fe
      scale and DAP test significantly correlate with the degree of feminine gender
      identity reported by the Ss. However, the two tests appear to measure different
      aspects of gender feelings and behavior in some Ss.

PMID- 370154
TI  - A curvilinear relationship between alcoholic withdrawal tremor and personality.
AB  - Many studies cite no more than 80% incidence of hand tremor during withdrawal in
      known alcoholics, although this symptom is one of the diagnostic signs of
      addiction. We found that of 48 patients tested, hand tremor increased in 29 Ss
      after the application of a passive relaxation technique while it decreased in 28.
      It was found that MMPI data obtained for both groups fitted the inverted U curve
      in that the most distressed Ss tremored as little as did the least distressed
      originally, while the tremor increased in the high stress group after relaxation
      therapy while it decreased in the least stressed group. Implications for
      alcoholism research and theory were discussed, and the possible superiority of
      the CES to drug therapy for withdrawal was noted.

PMID- 370156
TI  - Phase I 1/2 evaluation and methodology of RO 20-2230 in postoperative patients.
AB  - This report presents the rationale and methodology of our "phase 1 1/2" model for
      drug evaluation and reports the results of a typical study. We found that Ro 20
      2230, and investigational agonist-antagonist analgesic, was well tolerated in
      therapeutic doses, with 15 mg intramuscular Ro 20-2230 approximately equivalent
      to 10 mg intramuscular morphine sulfate.

PMID- 370155
TI  - Acute hemodynamic effects of tocainide in patients undergoing cardiac
      catheterization.
AB  - To characterize the acute hemodynamic effects of tocainide hydrochloride, a new
      antiarrhythmic agent, 11 patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization
      were given intravenous infusions of the drug for 15 minutes at rates of 0.50 (six
      patients) or 0.75 (five patients) mg/kg/min. The hemodynamic status of these
      subjects was determined before, during, and for 15 minutes after treatment, and
      blood levels of tocainide were followed during and after treatment. Tocainide
      blood levels at the end of the infusions were 14.9 +/- 1.6 microgram/ml (S.E.)
      and 15 minutes later were 6.0 +/- 0.7 microgram/ml. In these subjects treatment
      was not associated with significant changes in Ao or PCW, but it was associated
      with a statistically significant but small decrease in LV dp/dt. At the same
      time, LVED was not significantly elevated. Treatment was also accompanied by
      small increases in PA diastolic and mean pressures, but RA and RV were unchanged.
      Significant changes were not seen in HR, CO, CI, SV, SVR, or PVR. Thus, the
      intravenous infusion of 0.50 and 0.75 mg/kg/min of tocainide for 15 minutes
      produced small but statistically significant depression of left ventricular
      function without producing changes in CO or clinical evidence of congestive heart
      failure.

PMID- 370157
TI  - Evaluation of a new diuretic, diapamide, in congestive heart failure.
AB  - The diuretic response of patients with congestive heart failure to establish
      doses of diapamide (750 mg) and furosemide (80 mg) was compared in an open,
      crossover study. Peak urine output occurred in the first 6 hours after
      administration of furosemide but somewhat later (12 to 18 hours) with diapamide.
      Both agents produced active diuresis and natriuresis in most patients.
      Comparisons of drug effect during the first days of each treatment period and
      analysis of the entire first treatment period indicated that urine output with
      furosemide was significantly greater than with diapamide. Urinary sodium
      excretion on the first day of treatment was not significantly greater with
      furosemide than with diapamide, nor were the differences significant on
      subsequent days. The observed differences between drugs on urinary potassium and
      chloride excretion were not statistically significant. The most frequently
      occurring adverse reaction was mild to moderate nausea, which was reported by
      five patients receiving diapamide and two patients receiving furosemide. Diarrhea
      and vomiting were also more frequent with diapamide. Diapamide would appear to
      serve a role between the milder thiazide diuretics and the more effective
      furosemide.

PMID- 370158
TI  - Replicate studies comparing the relative efficacies of aspirin and indoprofen in
      oral surgery outpatients.
AB  - The results from the present studies confirm that indoprofen is an orally
      effective analgesic drug. Both the 100- and 200-mg dosages of indoprofen
      demonstrated superior analgesic activity when compared to 600 mg aspirin.

PMID- 370159
TI  - Postmarketing surveillance of new drugs: I. Review of objectives and methodology.

PMID- 370161
TI  - Comprehension training with aphasic subjects: the development and application of
      five automated language programs.
AB  - Automated comprehension training was utilized to present five original language
      programs to seven aphasic adults. Subjects were required to attend to visual and
      auditory stimuli and to solve problems through language comprehension by pressing
      transparent panels over four pictured choices. Subjects were pre- and posttested
      with an automated probe containing those linguistic structures presented in the
      training programs. Results indicated significant improvement in the comprehension
      of certain linguistic structures as measured by performances on repeated program
      trials and by probe testing. Qualitative information relative to program
      construction and administration is included in the discussion.

PMID- 370160
TI  - The effect of psychotomimetics on therapist--patient matching of speech
      "rhythms".
AB  - This study examined the effects of lysergic acid (LSD) and dextroamphetamine (DA)
      on therapist--patient matching of speech rhythms (mean phrase period) in
      psychotherapy. LSD, DA, and placebo (PL) were administered repeatedly over a 1
      1/2-year period to seven patients in a randomized double-blind design. The
      second, fourth, and sixth encounters with LSD, DA, and PL were analyzed. These
      therapy dialogues were processed by an on--off detector of speech which computed
      probabilities of vocalizing when already talking (T), when listening (L), and
      when pausing (P) for therapist and patient, respectively. The mean phrase period
      for the therapist and the patient was calculated from the vocalization
      probabilities (T, P). The results show that both LSD and DA significantly enhance
      therapist-patient matching of mean phrase period in the earliest (second)
      session, an effect that disappears for both drugs, but later for DA (sixth
      session) than for LSD (fourth session). At no time was this effect observed in PL
      sessions, nor was the matching a simple function of a therapist--patient
      convergence of the components (T, P) of the mean phrase period.

PMID- 370162
TI  - Experimental pyelonephritis in the cat. 1. Gross and histological changes.

PMID- 370163
TI  - Alterations of neutrophil function in selenium-deficient cattle.

PMID- 370164
TI  - Immunoelectron microscopy of skin in lupus erythematosus.
AB  - A multistep immunocytochemical method, utilizing horeradish peroxidase as an
      immunological bound marker enzyme, was employed to demonstrate in vivo fixed
      immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM) in the skin of three patients with CDLE and three
      patients with SLE. The immunoglobulin deposits were confined to the uppermost
      strata of the dermis, i.e. the area just below the basal lamina. Small amounts of
      immunoglobulin were visible within the lamina lucida and the basal lamina. Only
      quantitative differences were observed between deposits of immunoglobulins in
      CDLE and SLE. I CDLE, the reaction product covered a wider area of the
      superficial dermis and extended deeper down into the dermis. IgG and IgM deposits
      exhibited an identical fine structural morphology.

PMID- 370165
TI  - Survival of Escherichia coli, strain W, during the manufacture of cottage cheese.
AB  - Cottage cheese was manufactured in 10-liter experimental vats by the direct-acid
      set method from milk that was inoculated with a heat resistant strain of
      Escherichia coli. Growth or survival of Strain W (ATCC 9637) E. coli was
      determined at various stages of the cheese making operation after the cheese-skim
      milk was inoculated to give counts of 2.5 X 10(4) or 4.0 X 10(5) cells/ml.
      Numbers of coliform organisms remained constant at the inoculated concentration
      in the cheese milk up to a cooking temperature of 43 C. At 43 C, when curd was
      separated from the whey, the curd (not washed) had coliform counts that were two
      log cycles greater than the whey. These trends were in milks with both cell
      counts. Washing of the curd with acid and 10 ppm chlorine reduced the number of
      coliform cells in the curd at all cooking temperatures as compared with unwashed
      curd. Acid wash of the curd at pH 5 did not reduce the coliform counts below
      those of unwashed curd. Cooking temperatures of 54 C were necessary to destroy
      (less than 1 cell/ml) E. coli Strain W, in either the unwashed or acid-chlorine
      washed curd. Holding curd with an initial average log count of 6.26 coliform
      cells/ml at constant temperatures of 38, 43, 49, and 54 C confirmed that 54 C for
      50 min was necessary to reduce the average count to less than 1 cell/ml in
      isolated curd. Coliforms in whey were reduced to that concentration after 10 min
      at 54 C.

PMID- 370166
TI  - [Invisible and fixed retention].

PMID- 370167
TI  - Axial stiffness of retention pins in human dentin.
AB  - Axial deflections of pins, anchored in specimens of human dentin by five
      different procedures, were measured by a specially constructed apparatus to an
      accuracy of 0.1 mu. Axial stiffness values calculated from these measurements
      were found to be significantly different for different methods of anchorage.
      Cemented pins displayed the lowest axial stiffness when compared with friction
      locked and self-threading pins.

PMID- 370168
TI  - A photoelastic study of stress concentrations produced by retention pins in
      amalgam restorations.
AB  - Photoelastic models of pin-amalgam restorations were constructed to simulate
      different pin-dentin-amalgam relationships. The stress-raising effect of a pin is
      influenced by the axial stiffness of the pin and its capability of bonding with
      the amalgam. The stress produced by a very stiff non-bonded pin could cause
      failure of the restoration.

PMID- 370169
TI  - Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues. XVIII: synthesis of
      a polyfunctional surface-active comonomer.
AB  - An oligomeric diglycidyl ether was allowed to react first with one mole of
      acrylic acid and then with one half mole of lithium o-aminobenzoate. The nature
      of the complex product was estimated by probability statistics. This appears to
      be the best method, so far, for synthesis of a PolySAC (poly-functional surface
      active comonomer).

PMID- 370170
TI  - Professor D.D. Reid. MD Aberdeen, PHD DSc London, FRCP London.

PMID- 370171
TI  - A randomised controlled trial of the effect on middle-aged men of advice to stop
      smoking.
AB  - A randomised controlled trial of smoking cessation is reported in 1445 male
      smokers aged 40-59 at high risk of cardiorespiratory disease. The 714 men in the
      intervention group were recalled for a series of personal interviews with a
      doctor. After one year, 51% of the intervention group reported that they were not
      smoking any cigarettes, and most of the others reported a reduction. Compared
      with the "normal care" group, the men in the intervention group showed a decline
      in the prevalence of sputum production and dyspnoea; ventilatory function did not
      improve but its rate of decline was significantly slowed. There were no evident
      effects on blood pressure levels, nor on electrocardiographic findings over three
      years, nor on sickness absence over one year. Mortality follow-up has continued
      for an average of 7.9 years; 98 (13.7%) of the intervention group have died,
      compared with 94 (12.9%) of the "normal care" group. The 95% confidence limits on
      mortality range from 2.63% in favour of intervention to 4.37% in favour of normal
      care. The power of the trial has been reduced by smoking cessation in the "normal
      care" group. It is concluded that smoking cessation in these middle-aged men
      improved the symptoms and progress of chronic bronchitis; but the reversibility
      of the risk of cigarettes to the smoker's life may have been overestimated in
      observational studies.

PMID- 370172
TI  - Psychological evaluation of clinical disturbance in children at risk for
      psychopathology.

PMID- 370173
TI  - Some defensive and cognitive aspects of phobias.

PMID- 370174
TI  - Gender identity and gender role in schizophrenia.

PMID- 370175
TI  - Nonanalytic attending, hypnotic susceptibility, and psychological well-being in
      trained meditators and nonmeditators.

PMID- 370176
TI  - References to contemporary papers on acoustics.

PMID- 370177
TI  - William Henry Atkinson 1860-1862.

PMID- 370178
TI  - A double-blind crossover comparison of topical anesthetics.
AB  - Three topical anesthetics and a placebo were compared in 102 separate trials. The
      degree of anesthesia produced with each agent was determined by placing a needle
      in the palate near the palatal foramen. Pain produced was rated by the
      participants on a scale from 1 to 5.

PMID- 370179
TI  - How to maintain quality in economy dentures.
AB  - A method for constructing custom dentures using minimum time at the chair is
      described. Efficiency with this or any technique is gained only through
      experience. Although there are many ways of achieving the same goal, the basic
      principles of sound prosthodontic procedures must be followed for the service to
      be professionally acceptable.

PMID- 370181
TI  - Partially prefabricated dentures. Council on Dental Materials and Devices.

PMID- 370182
TI  - Dentistry on stamps.

PMID- 370180
TI  - Review of training and evaluation studies in expanded functions for dental
      auxiliaries.
AB  - A review of the literature on research in expanded functions for dental
      auxiliaries is presented. Summaries of each of the training and evaluation
      studies sponsored by both private and government agencies are given. Wide
      variation in research methods of these studies and the failure to report
      important details make it difficult to interpret and use the research findings.
      Results from all studies indicate that dental auxiliaries can, with the proper
      training, perform selected reversible and irreversible dental procedures at an
      acceptable level of quality. Future research should be conducted in private
      practice settings and in new oral health care delivery systems with various
      configurations of expanded function dental auxiliaries.

PMID- 370183
TI  - President Cappuccio announces resignation of Dr. Watson.

PMID- 370184
TI  - Dr. G. Casey, former ADA staff member, dies.

PMID- 370185
TI  - A fresh start on some unfinished business.

PMID- 370186
TI  - A comparison of haloperidol and behavior therapy and their interaction in
      autistic children.

PMID- 370187
TI  - Free vascularized bone grafts in surgery of the upper extremity.
AB  - Free vascularized fibular grafts were employed in five patients with segmental
      bone defects following trauma or resection of tumors of the upper extremity with
      excellent results in three patients and satisfactory results in two. No donor
      site morbidity was experienced. A comparison with rib and iliac crest grafts
      indicates that the fibula is more suitable for reconstruction of long bone
      defects. The advantages of this technique are stability without sacrificing
      viability and a shorter immobilization period with more rapid incorporation and
      hypertrophy of the graft. The disadvantages are prolonged operating time,
      difficulty in assessing patency of anastamoses in the immediate postoperative
      period, and sacrifice of a major vessel in the lower extremity.

PMID- 370188
TI  - Aneurysmal bone cyst involving the hand: a review and report of two cases.
AB  - Two cases of aneurysmal bone cyst occurred in the hand. One involved the distal
      phalanx and followed a crushing injury to the tip of the finger; amputation of
      the part resulted in cure. The other involved almost all of the first metacarpal
      and was resected and replaced by an iliac bone graft. The appearance of an
      aneurysmal bone cyst in roentgenograms and after angiography usually is not
      diagnostic, although benign, progressive growth and potential for recurrence
      require complete removal.

PMID- 370306
TI  - Nine-year study of streptococcal infections in a sample of the general
      population.

PMID- 370307
TI  - Molecular characteristic of antibodies in the blood serum and in the lymph nodes
      during fractional immunization with small doses of bacterial vaccines.
AB  - An experiment on 58 rabbits demonstrated that only macromolecular agglutinins 19S
      are present in extracts from the lymph nodes after fractional immunization with
      small doses of typhoid vaccine or some dysentery vaccine. At the same time,
      antibodies in the blood serum are distributed in fractions of different molecular
      weight, starting from the 14th day of experiment. It is very probable that this
      distribution of antibodies is associated with the occurrence in the blood of an
      inhibitor of the activity of macromolecular antibodies.

PMID- 370308
TI  - An immunofluorescence assay for human antibodies to Ross River virus.
AB  - A rapid reliable immunofluorescence assay for antibodies to Ross River virus has
      been developed. Its particular benefit is in aiding a differential diagnosis to
      be made by rapid detection of IgM antibodies to this virus.

PMID- 370309
TI  - Preparation of stable erythrocyte target cells suitable for detection of the
      antibody response to the haptens azobenzenearsonate, azophenyltrimethylammonium
      and azophenylphosphorylcholine by plaque-forming cell assay.
AB  - The preparation of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) which have been sensitized with
      the haptens azobenzenearsonate, phosphorylcholine and azophenyltrimethylammonium,
      and are suitable for use in a plaque-forming cell assay, is described. Each
      hapten is first coupled to a phenolic imidoester (methyl-p-hydroxybenzimidate)
      and the substituted imidoesters are employed to prepare target SRBC. Details are
      presented concerning synthesis and purification of the imidoesters, as well as
      conditions for coupling to SRBC. The hapten-SRBC prepared by this method are very
      stable and offer significant advantages over other procedures for coupling these
      haptens to red blood cells.

PMID- 370311
TI  - Purification of peroxidase-conjugated antibody for enzyme immunoassay by affinity
      chromatography on concanavalin A.
AB  - Preparation of peroxidase-conjugated antibody contaminated with very small
      amounts of unconjugated antibody for highly sensitive enzyme immunoassays is
      described. The purification process is dependent upon the differential affinity
      of antibody and peroxidase-conjugated antibody for concanavalin A (Con A).
      Application of peroxidase and radioactive labelled IgG alone or as a mixture to
      Con A-Sepharose columns showed that 62-83% of IgG and 0% of peroxidase could be
      eluted under starting conditions, while 70-83% of peroxidase and about 6% of IgG
      could be eluted with appropriate buffer. The contamination of the conjugate with
      unconjugated antibody is dependent on the ratio of conjugated to unconjugated
      antibody in the mixture to be purified. Using this procedure on IgG conjugated
      with peroxidase with a ratio of unconjugated to conjugated IgG of about 2 : 1 a
      preparation was obtained where the ratio was changed to 0.1 : 1.

PMID- 370310
TI  - Luminescence immunoassay (LIA): a solid-phase immunoassay monitored by
      chemiluminescence.
AB  - A luminescence immunoassay (LIA) has been developed utilizing the
      chemiluminescent luminol reaction with heme as catalyst. Rabbit antibody against
      human serum albumin was quantitated in antigen coated plastic tubes using
      commercially available goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase
      which was the source of heme. The measurable range of antibody is considerably
      wider by LIA than by enzyme immunoassays. The time to develop and measure
      activity is short and constant which makes LIA suitable for automation. In its
      present form, LIA is slightly less sensitive but has better day-to-day
      reproducibility than corresponding enzymes immunoassays.

PMID- 370312
TI  - Diabetes mellitus associated with pregnancy.

PMID- 370313
TI  - Dr. Janice Helvie. Private practice more challenging.

PMID- 370314
TI  - 1979 Membership Roster: Indiana State Medical Association.

PMID- 370315
TI  - Human monocyte chemotaxis: a quantitative in vivo technique.
AB  - This report describes a new quantitative technique for evaluating monocyte
      chemotaxis to a site of superficial epidermal abrasion. Micro-acrylic chambers
      containing 50% Zymosan activated autologous serum were separated from a 5-mm
      diameter epidermal abrasion by 2 Nucleopore filters which entrapped migrating
      monocytes but allowed free neutrophil migration. Monocytes were specifically
      identified by alpha napthyl acetate esterase activity. Monocytes accumulated
      within the filters by 4 hr and maximized at 16 and 20 hr. This technique is
      superior to previous skin chamber techniques in the high yield of monocytes and
      in specific histochemical identification of monocytes. In contrast to the Rebuck
      window, it does not generate attractants and has greater reproducibility. This
      technique will be useful in the study of diseases characterized by monocytic
      infiltrates, in contrasting the function of peripheral blood monocytes to those
      available in the skin, and in testing the effects of drugs, immunodeficiency and
      infection on monocyte function in vivo.

PMID- 370316
TI  - Subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - In recent years, evidence from several laboratories has indicated that various
      subsets of systemic lupus erythematosus exist. Some of these subsets have
      distinctive mucocutaneous features but more importantly they have different
      prevalence of renal disease--thus different prognosis. These subsets are defined
      by the specificity of the serum antibodies the SLE patient possesses.

PMID- 370317
TI  - [The modified clearing method for regional lymph node examination--a study of
      gastric cancer, cancer of large intestine and breast cancer (author's transl)].

PMID- 370318
TI  - [A case of myotonic dystrophy associated with hyperthyroidism (author's transl)].

PMID- 370319
TI  - The treatment of sarcoidosis.

PMID- 370320
TI  - Then and now. 75 years of Alabama medicine by father and son with comments on the
      birth of malpractice.

PMID- 370321
TI  - A microprocessor controlled timing device for cardiac electrical stimulation.
AB  - A microcomputer controlled device for delivering precisely timed stimuli to
      cardiac chambers is described. Stimulation patterns are determined by software,
      rather than hardware design, resulting in enhanced flexibility. Additionally, by
      providing timing inputs to conventional laboratory stimulators, this instrument
      can convert these limited use devices into ones capable of generating complex
      cardiac stimulation patterns at moderate cost.

PMID- 370322
TI  - The Herbst method of treating pulps.

PMID- 370323
TI  - Acid-cleansed and resin-sealed root canals.

PMID- 370324
TI  - Immediate root-filling in the late 1800s.

PMID- 370325
TI  - Toxicity studies with decamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide.
AB  - Decamethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide that has been under
      investigation by the World Health Organization for use in some vector control
      programs. Decamethrin proved to be a highly toxic pyrethroid ester. The acute
      LD50 for adult female rats was 31 mg/kg by the oral route and 4 mg/kg by the
      intravenous route of administration. The LD50 was observed to be sex and age
      dependent, with higher values recorded for weanlings and males. Initial signs of
      decamethrin poisoning include profuse salivation and convulsive movements.
      Weakness, dyspnea, anorexia and staining of the fur were observed beyond the
      first day following compound administration. Absorption of decamethrin was rapid
      by the inhalation route and minimal by the dermal route of administration. No
      evidence of teratogenic activity was found in rats or mice at dose levels that
      produced marked maternal toxicity, and no persistent toxicity was observed in
      neonatal rats that received perinatal exposure to decamethrin. No mutagenic
      activity was detected in three different in vitro assays, with or without
      metabolic activation.

PMID- 370327
TI  - Members of American College of Toxicology.

PMID- 370326
TI  - Lead retention in ancient Nubian and contemporary populations.
AB  - The lead concentration in bone and tooth has been determined in 105 well
      preserved Nubian skeletons from the period 3300 B.C. - 750 A.D., as well as in 17
      individuals from present-day Denmark. The analyses were performed blind in two
      different laboratories, and the results were in close agreement. Compared to
      contemporary lead levels in Denmark, the oldest Nubian bones contained about 10
      times less lead, while the teeth contained about 30 times less lead. Small
      increases in lead retention of Nubians during historical time periods were
      associated with early uses of lead.

PMID- 370328
TI  - A method for isolating uncontaminated nuclei from all stages of developing
      Xenopus laevis embryos.
AB  - A method for isolating nuclei from Xenopus laevis embryos has been developed.
      This procedure enables the isolation of nuclei, free from contamination with yolk
      and pigment granules, at all stages of embryoic development. Using this method
      the nuclear yield is 60--70% of the estimated number of cells in the embryo. The
      DNA, RNA, histone and non-histone protein content of these nuclei during
      embryogenesis (from early cleavage to the swimming tadpole stage) has been
      measured.

PMID- 370329
TI  - Cell contacts and sorting out in vivo: the behaviour of some embryonic tissues
      implanted into the developing chick wing.
AB  - The interaction of cells from embryonic liver, neural retina and mesonephros with
      cells from limb-bud mesenchyme has been investigated in vivo by grafting these
      tissues into the developing chick wing-bud. The implanted cells were in all cases
      from quail tissue which can be recognized histologically. As embryonic liver and
      neural tube are tissues that sort externally to limb-bud mesenchyme in mixed
      aggregates, it would be expected, from a differential adhesiveness hypothesis,
      that heterotypic adhesions along the borders of graft and host would be favoured
      over cell-cell adhesions in the graft. No morphological signs of this were
      evident: rather the grafted cells maximized like-like contacts. The cells of the
      grafts, including those from control mesenchyme, did not invade into the wing.
      The results were the same irrespective of whether the graft was a fragment of
      tissue or a pellet of reaggregated cells. This supports the idea that cells
      within tissues are not actively moving around and also provides controls for
      assaying the invasiveness of other cell types, such as malignant cells into the
      wing.

PMID- 370330
TI  - Investigation of the potency of cells from the postimplantation mouse embryo by
      blastocyst injection: a preliminary report.
AB  - Chimaeric conceptuses have been produced by injection of 5 1/2-and 6 1/2-day
      extra-embryonic ectoderm and 5 1/2-day embryonic and extra-embryonic endoderm
      into 3 1/2-day mouse blastocysts. Extra-embryonic ectoderm cells contributed only
      to the ectoplacental cone and/or trophoblast giant cell fractions, reflecting the
      probable trophectoderm origin of these cells. Proximal (visceral) endoderm cells
      overlying both the embryonic and extra-embryonic ectoderm contributed cells only
      to the endoderm of the visceral yolk sac, indicating that the definitive
      embryonic endoderm has not formed by 5 1/2 days p.c.

PMID- 370331
TI  - Review: applications of luminescence in forensic science.

PMID- 370332
TI  - Cocaine and benzoylecgonine excretion in humans.
AB  - Maximal urinary excretion of unchanged cocaine occurred within 2 h of the
      intranasal absorption of 1.5 mg/kg body weight of cocaine hydrochloride, and
      diminished rapidly thereafter. Excretion of benzoylecgonine was maximal 4 to 8 h
      following administration of the drug and diminished slowly over an interval of
      several days. Peak cocaine and benzoylecgonine concentrations observed were 24
      and 75 microgram/ml, respectively. Benzoylecgonine/cocaine ratios were too varied
      to allow estimation of cocaine concentrations from benzoylecgonine concentration
      data or vice versa. Benzoylecgonine concentrations generally exceeded the
      corresponding cocaine values by a wide margin, but excretion of free cocaine in
      the absence of benzoylecgonine was observed in one subject. Cocaine was generally
      detected for only approximately 8 h, and for a maximum of 12 h, whereas
      benzoylecgonine was generally detected by chromatographic or enzyme immunologic
      assays for 48 to 72 h. Benzoylecgonine was positively identified in urine by
      raidoimmunoassay for 96 to 144 h after dosing.

PMID- 370333
TI  - Influence of the medical examiner on cadaver organ procurement.

PMID- 370334
TI  - The sudden infant death syndrome: a possible hypersensitivity reaction determined
      by distribution of IgG in lungs.

PMID- 370335
TI  - Biofeedback-conditioned galvanic skin response and hypnotic supression of
      arousal: a pilot study of their relation to deception.

PMID- 370336
TI  - Death resulting from lacrimatory agents.

PMID- 370338
TI  - Phase contrast microscopy versus differential interference contrast microscopy as
      applicable to the observation of spermatozoa.

PMID- 370337
TI  - George A. Dorsey's role in the Luetgert case: a significant episode in the
      history of forensic anthropology.

PMID- 370339
TI  - Significance of titers and patterns of antinuclear antibodies.

PMID- 370340
TI  - [Studies on pathogenic Escherichia coli. (II) The pathogenicity of capsular
      polysaccharide-synthesizing Escherichia coli].

PMID- 370341
TI  - Phenotypic resistance to amphotericin B in Candida albicans: the role of
      reduction.

PMID- 370342
TI  - The use of step enzymes as markers during meiosis and ascospore formation in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The activities of ornithine aminotransferase, sucrase and acid and alkaline
      phosphatases have been studied throughout sporulation in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae. The same enzymes were monitored during synchronous vegetative growth.
      Each of these enzymes has been demonstrated to increase in a 'step' manner during
      both growth and sporulation. Alkaline phosphatase increased in a two-step manner
      whereas the others increased in a single step. The times of increase of these
      enzymes formed a similar sequence during both sporulation and growth. It has been
      proposed that these enzymes are under a common mechanism of control during growth
      and sporulation and that the sequence of enzyme appearance may be used as markers
      of the sporulation process.

PMID- 370343
TI  - Relationships between strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subspp. mycoides and capri
      studied by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of cell proteins.
AB  - Strains of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides have been divided into small
      colony (SC) and large colony (LC) types (Cottew & Yeats, 1978). The protein
      patterns of representative strains of these two types and of M. mycoides subsp.
      capri were compared by a high resolution, two-dimensional gel electrophoretic
      method. The results suggest that the LC strains are more closely related to M.
      mycoides subsp. capri than to the SC strains of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides.

PMID- 370344
TI  - Thermosensitive H1 plasmids determining citrate utilization.
AB  - Twelve thermosensitive H1 plasmids from strains of Salmonella typhi that had
      caused outbreaks of chloramphenicol-resistant typhoid fever in Vietnam, Thailand
      and India mediated citrate utilization (Cit+) in a prototrophic Escherichia coli
      K12 strain but not in the S. typhi strains from which they were derived. Four H1
      plasmids from a similar outbreak in Mexico differed from the Far Eastern plasmids
      in not mediating citrate utlization but in mediating mercury resistance. H1
      plasmids resembling the Far Eastern and the Mexican plasmids in regard to citrate
      utilization and mercury resistance were found in sewage in Britain. Citrate
      utilization was transferred to eight pathogenic strains of E. coli and to one
      strain each of Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei. Cultures of Cit+ bacteria
      grew more rapidly in citrate media at 28 degrees C than at 37 degrees C. Plasmid
      mutants that were more efficient at utilizing citrate were present in all such
      cultures--they grew equally well or better at 37 degrees C than at 28 degrees C.
      None of 222 strains of E. coli or Shigella that contained a variety of different
      plasmids were able to utilize citrate. This property was not transferred to the
      prototrophic E. coli K12 strain from Citrobacter (3 strains), Salmonella (39
      strains), Proteus (44 strains), Klebsiella pneumoniae (33 strains) or Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa (44 strains).

PMID- 370345
TI  - Chromosomal location of the mop (groE) gene necessary for bacteriophage
      morphogenesis in escherichia coli.
AB  - The chromosomal location of a host gene, mop (groE), which is essential for the
      morphogenesis of several bacteriophages in Escherichia coli, was determined by
      two- and three-factor transductional crosses using phage P1. Cotransduction
      frequencies beteen mop and other markers were: aspA, 90%; ampA, 77%; frdA, 73%;
      mel, 24%. The sequence of markers in the corresponding segment (mel to purA; 91.5
      to 93.5 min) of the E. coli linkage map was shown to be mel--aspA--mop(groE)-
      ampA--frdA--pur A.

PMID- 370346
TI  - The effect of plasmid-determined and other characteristics on the survival of
      Escherichia coli in the alimentary tract of two human beings.

PMID- 370347
TI  - Formation of concatemeric DNA as an intermediate in the replication of
      bacteriophage T1 DNA molecules.
AB  - The structure of intracellular DNA extracted from phage T1 infected cells was
      analysed by sedimentation through sucrose gradients. DNA labelled with 3H-dThd
      during a short pulse given at any time during T1 DNA synthesis sedimented in
      neutral gradients as a broad heterogeneous band with a large fraction of the
      label sedimenting more rapidly than mature T1 DNA molecules. Rapidly-sedimenting
      label was also observed when pulse-labelled DNA was denatured and analysed on
      alkaline sucrose gradients. Electron microscopy of intracellular T1 DNA revealed
      linear molecules of variable length the longest of which were three to four times
      the mature genome length. The distribution of lengths derived from electron
      microscopy are consistent with the molecular length distributions calculated from
      the sedimentation coefficients. We conclude that the rapidly-sedimenting DNA is
      in the form of concatemers consisting of linear tandem repeats of the T1 genome.
      The concatemeric form of replicating T1 DNA is a precursor of progeny T1 genomes
      since in pulse-chase experiments it was converted efficiently into mature,
      infectious T1 phage particles. The identification of this concatemeric form of T1
      DNA provides supporting evidence for the model proposed by Gill & MacHattie
      (1976) to account for the formation of the very limited number of cyclic
      permutations of gene sequence found for mature T1 DNA molecules.

PMID- 370348
TI  - Experiences with L-deprenyl in Parkinsonism.
AB  - In about 2/3 of the cases studied (152 patients), the combination of deprenyl and
      the substitution-therapy has a favourable effect as it tends to normalize motor
      activity. Although the administering of deprenyl renders neither L-Dopa nor the
      decarboxylase inhibitor superfluous, their side effects can be slightly reduced
      as their dose is reduced. Therefore it is advised to give all patients a trial
      with this drug.

PMID- 370349
TI  - Physiological study of presumed ventralis intermedius neurons in the human
      thalamus.
AB  - Unitary or a group of unitary responses recorded extracellularly in the rostral
      part of the thalamic sensory nucleus during the course of thalamotomy for
      parkinsonian and other kinds of tremor were studied. They were the first sensory
      neurons encountered in the frontocaudal approach of the stereotaxic needle to the
      therapeutic target at the lower border of the ventralis intermedius nucleus. The
      spike discharges, isolated from high neural noise background, responded to
      passive and/or active movement of joint or muscle on the contralateral extremity
      but never to light tactile stimuli. In five cases, electrical stimulation of the
      corresponding peripheral nerves elicited the same spike discharge at short and
      fixed latency of about 12 msec. Weak electrical stimulation given to each
      thalamic point produced paresthetic or electric sensation around the receptive
      field, and stronger stimulation induced tremor-like movement in the area
      involving the receptive field. Finally, a small coagulation lesion in this
      thalamic point resulted in immediate relief of tremor without any sensory
      deficit. From these findings, the possibility is considered that in the human,
      this particular thalamic zone could be the ventralis intermedius nucleus, which
      is separable from the surrounding nuclei and is related to tremor mechanism.

PMID- 370350
TI  - Further data on the acute effect of intravenous steroids on canine CSF secretion
      and absorption.
AB  - Considerable difference of opinion has arisen as to whether intravenously
      administered steroids affect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production in the acute
      laboratory animal undergoing ventriculocisternal perfusion. Our experiments with
      ventriculocisternal perfusion in dogs indicate that, when given intravenously,
      neither dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, hydrocortisone, nor aldosterone result
      in a significant, acute effect upon CSF production. Similarly, CSF absorption and
      outflow resistance mechanisms are not acutely affected by intravenous
      methylprednisolone, hydrocortisone, and aldosterone. Dexamethasone also probably
      does not produce an immediate effect upon CSF absorption.

PMID- 370351
TI  - Balloon treatment of cerebrovascular lesions.

PMID- 370352
TI  - Rose McNaught: American nurse-midwifery's own "sister tutor".

PMID- 370353
TI  - Multinucleate giant cells.

PMID- 370354
TI  - Systemic Haemophilus influenzae disease: an overview.

PMID- 370355
TI  - Group B beta hemolytic streptococcal sepsis and the idiopathic respiratory
      distress syndrome: a comparison.
AB  - The clinical features of 27 patients with early onset group B beta hemolytic
      streptococcus sepsis were reviewed. Fifteen presented with a clinical pattern
      indistinguishable from the idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome and were
      compared with 15 patients with IRDS. Rupture of membranes for greater than 12
      hours prior to delivery occurred more often in patients with GBS (33%) than in
      the patients with IRDS (16%). Hypotension was more commonly seen in the patients
      with GBS (56%) than in the patients with IRDS (36%). There was no difference in
      the incidence of apnea or the respirator peak inspiratory pressure requirements
      between the two groups of patients, but there was a tendency for a decline in the
      total white blood cell count in the first 24 hours of life in those patients with
      GBS sepsis.

PMID- 370356
TI  - Epidemiologic and bacteriologic evaluation of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.
AB  - The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in our neonatal unit has varied
      from 4.7% to zero to 4.4% during three time periods. Simultaneously, significant
      changes have occurred in the spectrum of bacterial species in the
      gastrointestinal tract of unaffected infants in the same unit. During the first
      period of increased attack rate, 82% of gastric and 88% of fecal
      Enterobacteriaceae were E. coli and K. pneumoniae. When the attack rate decreased
      the frequencies were 11% (gastric) and 47% (fecal), and P. mirabilis was
      retrieved with increased frequency. The return of E. coli and K. pneumoniae as
      the dominant organisms was associated with an increase in NEC. Infants with NEC,
      compared with controls, had a statistically significant increased frequency of
      retrieval of E. coli and K. pneumoniae from gastric and fecal samplings. The data
      suggest an active role for certain enteric bacteria in the pathogenesis of NEC.

PMID- 370357
TI  - Neonatal E. coli pericarditis.
AB  - A review of the literature reveals only one case of neonatal Escherichia coli
      pericarditis. This is a case report of Escherichia coli pericarditis occurring in
      a two day old infant. The infant initially presented with lethargy and jaundice
      but this rapidly progressed into shock. Despite vigorous resuscitative efforts,
      the infant succumbed and at autopsy 30 cc of purulent fluid were obtained.
      Cultures of the admission blood and post-mortem pericardial effusion grew
      Escherichia coli. The clinical diagnosis of pericarditis is often difficult
      because of vague, nonspecific symptoms and signs. The symptoms are usually those
      of sepsis plus those of impaired circulation due to mechanical embarrassment by
      accumulating pericardial effusion. It is difficult to differentiate pericarditis
      with effusion from myocarditis and pericardial effusion secondary to congestive
      heart failure. The use of pericardiocentesis as a diagnostic tool and
      echocardiography are the most helpful techniques presently available for
      diagnosis. Management consists of vigorous supportive efforts, antibiotics, and
      drainage of the pericardial effusion. Because of the very high mortality
      associated with this disorder, a high index of suspicion with a vigorous
      diagnostic and therapeutic approach to the patient is indicated.

PMID- 370358
TI  - Quantification of fetal heart rate variability by abdominal electrocardiography.

PMID- 370359
TI  - The evaluation and significance of intrapartum FHR-oscillation patterns.
AB  - The last two hours of 342 intrapartum FHR records of high technical quality were
      evaluated visually with simple tools (compasses, caliper). All data were entered
      on punched cards (25 pro fetus) and analyzed using an IBM system 370/135. In 253
      fetuses with an actual pH in the umbilical artery (UA) above 7.199 the
      oscillation frequency (OF) during the last 30 min. preceding delivery amounted to
      9.5 +/- 4.5 (4615 minutes without decelerations or accelerations). The 5th
      percentile, the median and the 95th percentile were 2,9 and 18 per minute
      respectively. OF refers to the number of visually detectable turning points in
      baseline FHR. There exists a significant association (2 alpha less than 0.001) 
      between the OF and the oscillation amplitude (OA) per minute: a reduction in OF
      is followed by a decrease in OA even in vigorous infants. In acidotic fetuses OF
      is decreased when compared with FHR minutes of equal OA in nonacidotic infants.
      However this becomes statistically significant only in fetuses with actual pH
      (UA) below 7.150 i.e. in fetuses with severe acidosis. These findings can explain
      why the loss of FHR variability as a single symptom may be misleading in
      individual cases.

PMID- 370361
TI  - Experimental gingivitis in the albino hamster.

PMID- 370360
TI  - The sutureless free gingival graft.
AB  - A technique designed to utilize the autogenous free gingival graft without the
      use of sutures was demonstrated. Necessary objectives were maintained but
      achieved without unnecessarily piercing the graft, and in less time. The only
      variance in results would be due to the underlying physical properties of the
      recipient site. This new approach to grafting avoids the cyanoacrylate from
      getting between the graft and recipient site, therefore acting as a foreign body.
      Also shown was the complete coverage of a denuded root surface by this technique
      using a free autogenous gingival graft. This technique enables the surgeon to
      achieve the results of a predictable technique (autogenous free gingival graft)
      even more predictably simple.

PMID- 370362
TI  - [Effect of bis(haloalkyl)piperidines, a new antitumor agent, on various repair
      deficient mutants of Escherichia coli B (author's transl)].

PMID- 370363
TI  - Determination of iodide in metabolic studies of 125I-labeled compounds.
AB  - Methods capable of measuring inorganic iodide in the presence of other highly
      polar metabolites were developed in support of studies concerning the metabolism
      of 125I-labeled compounds. The methods included separation of iodine on a weakly
      basic resin paper followed by gamma-counting, methyl iodide exchange, and reverse
      isotopic dilution.

PMID- 370364
TI  - Direct demonstration of cell-to-cell communication in mammalian pancreatic acini:
      transfer of fluorescent probe molecules [proceedings].

PMID- 370365
TI  - Sugar solutions taste better (positive alliesthesia) after insulin [proceedings].

PMID- 370366
TI  - Compound action potentials recorded from mammalian peripheral nerves following
      ligation or resuturing.
AB  - 1. Cat hind limb peripheral nerves were fitted with cuff recording electrodes,
      and their distal portions were later cut and ligated to prevent regeneration. The
      compound action potential amplitude initially declined with a time constant
      between 1 and 2 months and then remained relatively unchanged for periods of more
      than a year. Similar but smaller changes were observed in the conduction velocity
      of the nerves which also stabilized after a few months. 2. In nerves that were
      cut and resutured to their distal stumps or sutured directly to nearby muscles, a
      recovery was observed. The time course was well fitted by an initial exponential
      decay with a similar time constant to that above, followed by an exponential
      recovery with a longer time constant (3-4 months). Nerve conduction, muscle
      potentials and twitch tension often recovered to control values, even when the
      amplitude of the nerve compound action potential remained depressed. 3. Thus,
      nerve fibres survive axotomy for long periods of time and continue to conduct
      action potentials, even if unable to regenerate to appropriate end-organs. When
      regeneration is permitted, a fraction of nerve fibres may reinnervate nearly all
      end-organs. The diameter and conduction velocity of these nerve fibres presumably
      increase toward control values, while other fibres remain subnormal in these
      parameters. 4. Factors in the design of cuff electrodes which determine the
      amplitude of compound action potentials are described in an Appendix.

PMID- 370367
TI  - [Calorimetric study of the effect of salicylate in man during heat exposure and
      exercise (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. The effect of sodium acetylo-salicylate (2 g per os) on the thermoregulatory
      responses of 10 male subjects was studied by direct and indirect calorimetry
      during two tests : heat exposure at 37 degrees C and exercise (50 W) at 25
      degrees C. Both test were performed twice : with salicylate treatment and with a
      placebo. 2. During heat exposure at 37 degrees C for 75 min, the rise in tympanic
      temperature (Tty) and in mean skin temperature Ts, the time course of heat losses
      by radiation (R), convection (C) and evaporation (E), and the metabolic rate (M),
      measured by oxygen consumption, were not altered by salicylate treatment. 3.
      During exercise, salicylate treatment did not affect the time course of Tty and
      Ts, (R + C) and M. However, salicylate treatment decreased the delay for
      triggering the evaporative response (E) to the thermal load; similarly, the
      increase in cutaneous blood flow was triggered sooner in subjected receiving
      salicylate than in controls. 4. In conclusion, these results suggest that, during
      exercise, the thermal controller triggers thermoregulatory responses during
      passive hyperthermia by heat exposure.

PMID- 370369
TI  - Bilaterally hinged complete denture for a severely undercut maxillary arch.
      Solution to a problem.
AB  - A technique is described for the construction of a complete maxillary denture for
      a patient with extreme hard tissue undercuts. By means of a three-part impression
      procedure and buccolabial flanges that were hinged bilaterally with a central
      latch, a successful prosthesis was attained.

PMID- 370368
TI  - Patient response to variations in denture technique. Part II: five-year
      cephalometric evaluation.
AB  - This study was designed to determine if differences in rates of residual alveolar
      bone loss could be found in patients wearing dentures made by a complex technique
      and a standard technique. Cephalometric radiographs were made for each of 64
      patients at initial placement of the dentures and for all active patients at five
      yearly recall visits. These radiographs were measured to determine rates of
      mandibular bone loss, maxillary bone loss, loss of total face height, rotation of
      the mandible, and migration of the denture bases over the 5-year period. At the
      end of the study no statistically significant differences between the two groups
      of patients could be found. Examination of all participants in this study
      revealed rates of bone loss that were very similar to those reported by other
      investigators.

PMID- 370370
TI  - Personal identification using dental prostheses.
AB  - A personal identity mark may be added to a metal or an acrylic resin prosthesis.
      The importance of this technique, particularly in terms of forensic investigation
      and identification, should make it a compulsory dental procedure. Where metal is
      involved, engraving is the most desirable method of marking. The heat resistance
      of various labeling materials indicates that an acrylic resin prosthesis should
      contain a marked, heat resistant material together with a mark clearly visible
      from the denture surface.

PMID- 370371
TI  - Maxillary segmental osteotomies for mandibular removable partial denture
      patients.
AB  - The posterior maxillary osteotomy is a versatile and useful treatment alternative
      for a variety of dentofacial conditions. Its place in the management of bilateral
      distal-extension removable partial denture construction has been described along
      with a report of treatment of a patient.

PMID- 370372
TI  - Multiple-abutment fixed partial dentures in maxillofacial prosthetics.
AB  - Ten patients were presented to illustrate multiple-abutment fixed partial
      dentures used in combination with auxiliary prosthetic attachments of a fixed or
      removable design to solve diverse problems encountered in the rehabilitation of
      congenital and acquired orofacial defects. While such fixed prostheses have high
      initial costs, their effectiveness and long-term cost-benefits suggest that,
      where appropriate, they represent optimum therapy that will prove most economical
      over the long term.

PMID- 370373
TI  - Modified denture flask for three-piece ear molds.
AB  - A method of modifying a conventional large denture flask to accomodate a three
      piece ear mold has been presented. The modified flask is useful in producing
      accurate castings with a decrease in the incidence of stone fracture.

PMID- 370374
TI  - Modification of stone dies for fabrication of porcelain jacket crowns.
AB  - This technique affords the use of accurate die materials. The adaptation of
      matrix foils to a prepared apron will allow its withdrawal, without distortion,
      resulting in more accurate jacket restorations.

PMID- 370375
TI  - Simplified technique for production of a distal-extension removable partial
      denture remounting cast.

PMID- 370376
TI  - Surgical manifestations of filariasis.

PMID- 370378
TI  - [Carotido-cavernous fistula feeded by internal and external carotid arteries. One
      case (author's transl)].

PMID- 370377
TI  - Tension headaches: psychophysiological investigation and treatment.

PMID- 370379
TI  - Presidential address: AAPHD: goals, action, progress.

PMID- 370380
TI  - The role of the oviduct in reproduction; our knowledge and our ignorance.

PMID- 370381
TI  - Consequences of accelerated ovum transport, including a re-evaluation of Estes'
      operation.

PMID- 370382
TI  - Tubal and uterine secretions; the possibilities for contraceptive attack.

PMID- 370383
TI  - Intrinsic and extrinsic factors in preimplantation development.

PMID- 370384
TI  - Hormones, the early embryo and the uterine environment.

PMID- 370385
TI  - Neurologic sequelae in infants with intrauterine growth retardation.
AB  - The literature on neurologic sequelae in infants with intrauterine growth
      retardation (IUGR) is reviewed. In many studies this term is used for only those
      infants who have a birthweight (BW) below the 10th percentile and are labeled
      small for gestational age (SGA). The etiology of IUGR can often be correlated
      with a characteristic pattern of in utero growth and a subsequently predictable
      pattern of postnatal growth and/or developmental outcome. The concept that
      certain premature infants who are appropriately grown for gestational age (AGA)
      but whose birth weights fall below the 50th percentile may have IUGR is supported
      by the analysis of data from this study. In attempting to predict the neurologic
      outcome, it may be more helpful to recognize etiologic factors such as sleep
      disturbances than to analyze infants by birth weight gestational age groups.

PMID- 370387
TI  - Cardiac surgical research and heart transplantation in Papio ursinus.
AB  - The use of non-human primates stems from the concern for employing an animal
      genetically closely related to man. During a 3 year period over 300 baboons were
      handled in the Cardiac Research Unit and more than 60 heterotopic cardiac
      transplantations were performed. The baboon presents multiple advantages if
      compared with the problems arising from the use of the dog or the pig in cardiac
      surgical experimentation. This experimental work illustrated these advantages and
      demonstrated that heterotopic cardiac transplantation is a valuable model for
      treatment of patients in end stage cardiac failure. The procedure has been
      performed successfully in 16 patients, 12 being presently alive, 1-36 months
      following transplant.

PMID- 370386
TI  - Drugs and chemicals associated with intrauterine growth deficiency.

PMID- 370388
TI  - The role of laboratory animals in dental research.
AB  - In dental research, in common with other forms of scientific research, the use of
      laboratory animals is necessary to carry out many investigations that may not be
      undertaken on man, and to control biological variability. In South Africa the
      main experimental animals used in dental research are rats and vervet monkeys,
      although other species such as dogs and baboons have been used. This paper lists
      examples of published dental research carried out in laboratory animals in South
      Africa in the fields of bone healing, dental caries, dental materials, growth
      studies, oral cancer, oral mucosa and periodontal disease investigations.

PMID- 370389
TI  - Antimalarials. 4. Trichloronaphthalene amino alcohols.
AB  - An improved procedure for the synthesis of naphthalene amino alcohols is
      described. Four new compounds were prepared and tested by Rane Laboratories for
      activity vs. Plasmodium berghei in mice. All compounds were active, the most
      active being 1-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5,7-dichloro-1-naphthyl]-3-(di-n
      butylamino)propanol hydrochloride (16b). Structure--activity relationships
      between the naphthalene and quinoline isosteres are discussed.

PMID- 370390
TI  - Potential antitumor agents. 30. Mutagenic activity of some 9-anilinoacridines:
      relationships between structure, mutagenic potential, and antileukemic activity.

PMID- 370391
TI  - Predisposition to spina bifida.

PMID- 370392
TI  - Medicine on stamps.

PMID- 370393
TI  - Acute allergic alveolitis.

PMID- 370394
TI  - Characterization of the malignant ventricular premature impulse in acute
      myocardial infarction.

PMID- 370395
TI  - An economical, semi-automatic system for measuring cellular tree structures in
      three dimensions, with special emphasis on Golgi-impregnated neurons.
AB  - The hardware and software of a semi-automatic system are described for the
      measurement of cellular tree structures in thick microscopical sections such as
      the process of Golgi-impregnated neurons. With this system, the morphologist-
      viewing the neuron directly through the microscope--measures the tree structures
      using three cartesian coordinates of characteristic points, e.g. centre of cell,
      origin of processes, bifurcation points, end points, deflection points, etc. The
      system requires an on-line computer, but does not demand a dedicated computer
      since a joy-stick generator usually drives the microscopical stage during cell
      tracking. A digital computer is utilized for acquisition of data, and, when
      needed, to return the stage to a required position. The microscope stage is
      coupled to three stepping motors with 0.5 micron as the smallest step. The
      stepping motor for movement of the stage parallel to the optical axis (z
      direction) is coupled directly to a spindle mechanism, replacing the original cog
      wheel mechanism. This construction shows no measurable backlash. The practical
      advantages of this new measuring system in relation to the existing digital
      systems currently in use, its accuracy and its costs, are discussed.

PMID- 370396
TI  - The estimation of neuronal population density by a robust distance method.
AB  - A new "nearest-neighbour" or "distance" method of estimating neurone population
      density is introduced. The method was originally developed for ecological studies
      but can be imported into histology without significant modification; changes in
      population density can be estimated by inverting the measure of area per unit
      cell (the so-called mean area). Its advantages include tests of randomness for
      the spatial distribution of the cells at issue and a robustness which can
      tolerate some departure from a random distribution pattern. To illustrate how the
      method is applied estimates of neurone density, in terms of "mean area" per cell
      point, are made on a montage tracing of the human cerebellar dentate nucleus.

PMID- 370397
TI  - Preparation of resin embedded unicellular organisms without the use of fixatives
      and dehydration media.
AB  - A method is presented for processing single cells for conventional ultrathin
      sectioning without the use of fixatives and dehydration media. The cells were
      fixed by a physical method--spray freezing--which provides extremely high cooling
      rates, needs no pretreatment with cryoprotective agents and is therefore assumed
      to maintain the in vivo morphology of the cell. Hitherto cells prepared in this
      way have been investigated exclusively by freeze etching. To combine the
      advantages of this method with those of conventional ultrathin sectioning we have
      processed spray frozen cells with widely varying water contents (spermatozoa and
      lymphocytes) by freeze drying at 188 K and vacuum embedding. When compared to
      conventional chemical fixation the differences found in ultrastructural
      preservation of spermatozoa using this kind of preparation were confined to the
      arrangement of spermhead membranes and middlepiece structures. Lymphocyte
      structure was much closer to that known from chemical preparation, the only
      differences being a denser cytoplasm, denser mitochondrial matrices and thicker
      plasma membranes. These differences are probably due to the absence of eluating
      and dissolving effects present in conventional chemical preparations. The
      ultrastructural preservation of spray frozen cells is not different after freeze
      etching or after freeze-drying and vacuum embedding. This indicates clearly that
      drying and resin embedding does not produce artefacts and that structural
      preservation is therefore limited by the quality of cryofixation. Therefore this
      method is considered a contribution to the problem of preservation of the in vivo
      assembly of cellular substructure. Furthermore it seems to be a potential basis
      for preparation of soluble or diffusible substances or cellular compounds which
      would be influenced by fixatives and dehydrating agents.

PMID- 370398
TI  - Vertical plane serial sectioning of identified tissue culture cells.
AB  - Identifying marks can be made around specific cells on the culture surface of
      plastic tissue culture dishes. When the cultures are embedded in situ and the
      plastic dish is split away, the marks are reproduced around the cells. The marks
      permit trimming and complete serial sectioning of specific cells in the vertical
      plane.

PMID- 370399
TI  - Measurement by Quantimet 720 of the proportion of actively growing cells in
      tissue cultures of human lymphocytes.
AB  - The size-distribution of normal human lymphocytes growing in tissue culture was
      measured with a Quantimet 720 image-analysing computer. The proportion of cells
      undergoing volumetric growth after phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation was
      dervived from a simple mathematical model describing the growth patterns of the
      cells up to the first mitotic division. The approach may have general application
      in biology as a method for measuring the proportion of growing cells by
      microscopy.

PMID- 370400
TI  - Legislative issues, physician involvement.

PMID- 370401
TI  - Antico-operative binding of initiator transfer RNAMet to methionyl-transfer RNA
      synthetase from Escherichia coli: neutron scattering studies.

PMID- 370403
TI  - In vitro methylation of bacteriophage lambda DNA by wild type (dam+) and mutant
      (damh) forms of the phage T2 DNA adenine methylase.

PMID- 370402
TI  - Sequence specificity of the P1 modification methylase (M.Eco P1) and the DNA
      methylase (M.Eco dam) controlled by the Escherichia coli dam gene.

PMID- 370404
TI  - Transcriptional control of capsid size in the P2:P4 bacteriophage system.

PMID- 370405
TI  - Identification of the oligonucleotide and oligopeptide involved in an RNA-
      protein crosslink induced by ultraviolet irradiation of Escherichia coli 30 S
      ribosomal subunits.

PMID- 370406
TI  - Polarized fluorescence from epsilon-ADP incorporated into F-actin in a myosin
      free single fiber: conformation of F-actin and changes induced in it by heavy
      meromyosin.

PMID- 370407
TI  - Structure of phage P22 coat protein aggregates formed in the absence of the
      scaffolding protein.

PMID- 370408
TI  - Genetic studies of the lac repressor. VII. On the molecular nature of spontaneous
      hotspots in the lacI gene of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 370409
TI  - An analysis of sequence repeats in the lacI gene of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 370410
TI  - Genetic studies of the lac repressor. VIII. DNA sequence change resulting from an
      intragenic duplication.

PMID- 370411
TI  - Attachment of tail fibers in bacteriophage T4 assembly: role of the phage
      whiskers.

PMID- 370412
TI  - Functional domains of Escherichia coli Ribosomal Protein S1. Formation and
      characterization of a fragment with ribosome-binding properties.

PMID- 370413
TI  - Preferential unequal recombination in the glyS region of the Escherichia coli
      chromosome.

PMID- 370414
TI  - Inversions and deletions of the Salmonella chromosome generated by the
      translocatable tetracycline resistance element Tn10.

PMID- 370416
TI  - Reimbursement for physician services to Medicare patients in teaching hospitals
      (PL 92-603, section 227 of the Social Security Act). A National Medical
      Association Position paper.

PMID- 370415
TI  - Lysosomal alterations in autolyzing rabbit heart.

PMID- 370417
TI  - Renovascular hypertension: the UCLA experience.

PMID- 370418
TI  - Controversy in renal transplantation: antireflux versus non-antireflux
      ureteroneocystostomy.
AB  - A comparison of 118 consecutive nephroureteral allografts suggests that
      ureteroneocystostomy provides excellent results with (60 cases) or without (52
      cases) an antireflex procedure. Reflux was noted in less than 10% of each group
      after transplantation and no morbidity could be attributed to reflux when it was
      found. There was no obstruction or anastomotic leakage in either group. The
      advantages of each procedure are discussed.

PMID- 370419
TI  - A new, useful retractor for urethroplasty.

PMID- 370420
TI  - Comparison of procarbazine, imidazole-carboxamide and cyclophosphamide in
      relapsing patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate.
AB  - In this third cooperative chemotherapy trial of the National Prostatic Cancer
      Project 165 patients with histologically confirmed, relapsing clinical stage D
      prostatic cancer were randomized to receive either imidazole-carboxamide,
      procarbazine or cyclophosphamide. All patients had received and failed previous
      hormonal therapy. Patients whose disease progressed after 12 weeks on initial
      therapy were crossed over or randomized to receive an alternate drug. There were
      129 patients available for comparison of treatments. The objective response rates
      (partial regression plus stable disease) were 26% for cyclophosphamide, 27% for
      imidazole-carboxamide and 14% for procarbazine. Subjective responses were noted
      in pain relief, improvement in performance status and weight gain. Procarbazine
      was associated with excessive toxicity, resulting in many patients (28%)
      discontinuing therapy within the first 3 weeks and closure of this particular arm
      of the study. The regimen of initial imidazole-carboxamide therapy with a later
      cross-over to cyclophosphamide when the disease continues to progress is
      associated with the longest increase in survival. Imidazole-carboxamide and
      cyclophosphamide appear to be active agents in advanced prostatic cancer and are
      worthy of continued use in this disease.

PMID- 370422
TI  - [Foreign literature on antibiotics. CXLIX].

PMID- 370421
TI  - Gallium-67 scanning and conservative treatment in acute inflammatory lesions of
      the renal cortex.
AB  - Three cases of suspected acute suppurative lesions of the renal cortex treated
      successfully with antimicrobial agents are presented. In support of other reports
      it appears that selected cases, particularly when diagnosed early, may be managed
      conservatively without surgical drainage. In those cases of severe sepsis, large
      intrarenal or perinephric abscesses, resistant organisms or those that are
      refractory to treatment, surgical intervention may be unavoidable. Gallium-67
      nuclear scanning is a safe, non-invasive method of locating rapidly these areas
      of inflammation and has proved to be a useful tool in earlier diagnosis.

PMID- 370424
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXV].

PMID- 370423
TI  - [Basic and clinical examinations of CS-1170 in pediatrics (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. CS-1170 was administered for the purpose of prophylaxis during cardiac
      catheterization in patients with heart disease, and its blood levels were
      measured. 2. The mean blood level (Moni-Trol I standard) after one intravenous
      shot of 20 mg/kg was 53.6 mcg/ml in catheterized children aged below 6 and 66.9
      mcg/ml in catheterized children aged above 10 at 30 minutes, and 1.95 mcg/ml and
      5.2 mcg/ml respectively at 6 hours. 3. The mean half life of the blood level was
      1.09 hours in catheterized children aged below 6, 1.37 hours in catheterized
      children aged above 10, and 0.71 hours in infections children. 4. The urinary
      excretion seemed satisfactorily high although there was a great variation. 5. The
      clinical efficacy was 88.9%. 6. The bacteriological efficacy was 100% for E.
      coli, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus and was 0% for
      Staphylococcus epidermidis. 7. Although GOT and GPT were elevated in one case as
      a side effect, they rapidly returned to normal after discontinuation of
      administration.

PMID- 370425
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 370426
TI  - [Three cases of malignant lymphoma and allied disorder in a family (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 370427
TI  - [Tests for the detection of inborn errors of metabolism--urinary alpha
      glucosidase analysis for the detection of glycogen storage disease type II
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 370428
TI  - [Cleanliness of the skin and its reference standard].

PMID- 370429
TI  - [A case of a long-term survivor of tracheo-innominate artery fistula (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 370430
TI  - [Renal transplantation: contributing factors to social rehabilitation on renal
      transplant recipients (author's transl)].

PMID- 370431
TI  - [Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism associated with anosmia (Kallmann's syndrome):
      report of seven cases and endocrinological functions (author's transl)].

PMID- 370432
TI  - [A case of generalized infection with low virulent tubercle bacilli
      indistinguishable from BCG, showing proliferation of histiocytes with numerous
      bacilli but without epithelioid granuloma (author's transl)].

PMID- 370433
TI  - [Profile: Akimi Shimizu points out the importance of life, having become a
      liaison officer of the "Society to Prevent Legislation of Euthanasia"].

PMID- 370434
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Antoni Falkiewicz, cardiologist].

PMID- 370435
TI  - [Microcirculation in pulmonary hypertension in chronic nonspecific lung
      diseases].

PMID- 370437
TI  - [Diagnostic value of a method of partial pulmonary rheography in pulmonary
      hypertension].
AB  - In the absence of clinical and X-ray signs of pulmonary hypertension in patients
      with chronic pneumonia, partial rheography of the lungs revealed symptoms of
      increased vascular resistance in some pulmonary zones and ventilation disorders
      with the corresponding discordance of the ventilation-perfusion relations in the
      early stages, which progressed with the intensification of the stage of chronic
      pneumonia and the severity of pulmonary hypertension. A decrease in ventilation
      and perfusion in the pulmonary zones as well as a decrease of the
      ventilation/blood flow ratio may promote the development of zonal arterial
      hypoxemia, stable increase of vascular resistance, and development of pulmonary
      hypertension. The method of zonal rheography of the lungs may be used in the
      diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension.

PMID- 370436
TI  - [Blood rheological disorders in atherosclerotic lesion of the abdominal aorta and
      their correction by the use of aspirin].
AB  - The initial hemorheologic values and their dynamics in various periods after
      reconstructive operations were studied in 70 patients with atherosclerosis of the
      abdominal aorta. The rheologic blood properties proved to be considerably changed
      in atherosclerotic affection of the abdominal aorta. The causes of the
      hemorheologic disorders in this pathological condition are marked changes in
      regional hemodynamics and the character of the blood flow and significant
      disorders of protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Study of the effect of
      aspirin on the rheologic properties of blood in this contingent of patients
      showed the expediency of its use both in preoperative management and in the
      postoperative period. Aspirin reduces significantly the degree of blood platelet
      aggregation and the seeming viscosity of blood.

PMID- 370438
TI  - [Treatment of wounds].

PMID- 370439
TI  - [Vladimir Vasil'evich Kovanov (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 370440
TI  - [Treatment of wounds with collagen preparations].

PMID- 370441
TI  - [Artificial endocrine pancreas].

PMID- 370442
TI  - [Transplantation of a segment of the pancreas (an experimental study)].

PMID- 370443
TI  - [Early diagnosis of tissue incompatibility in acute, accelerated and superacute
      transplanted kidney rejections].

PMID- 370444
TI  - [Arrest of hemorrhage by B. V. Petrovskii's method in operations on the kidneys].

PMID- 370445
TI  - [Prevention of thromboembolic complications after operations on oncological
      patients].

PMID- 370446
TI  - [Clinical study of combined anesthesia with ketamine and diazepam].

PMID- 370447
TI  - [Modified supraduodenal laterolateral choledochoduodenoanastomosis aimed at
      keeping the duodenal contents out of the bile ducts].

PMID- 370448
TI  - [70th birthday of Academician B. Petrovski].

PMID- 370449
TI  - [Introduction to the VIII symposium on retinology (author's transl)].

PMID- 370450
TI  - [Results of eyeball cerclage in cases of complete retinal detachment in children
      and adolescents (author's transl)].

PMID- 370452
TI  - [Development of the clinical views of G.A. Zakhar'in (on the 150th anniversary of
      his birth, 1829-1897)].

PMID- 370451
TI  - [Difficult to diagnose and rare diseases in gastroenterological practice].

PMID- 370454
TI  - Euthanasia: an historical perspective.

PMID- 370453
TI  - [New developments in the treatment of typhoid (review of non-Soviet literature)].

PMID- 370455
TI  - James Roland Clark, M.D. June 29, 1937--February 2, 1979.

PMID- 370456
TI  - Process /pra/,ses/n: the action of moving forward progressively from one point to
      another on the way to completion.
AB  - A rationale for the application of a stage process model for the language
      disordered child is presented. The major behaviors of the communicative system
      (pragmatic-semantic-syntactic-phonological) are summarized and organized in
      stages from prelinguistic to the adult level. The article provides clinicians
      with guidelines, based on complexity, for the content and sequencing of
      communicative behaviors to be used in planning remedial programs.

PMID- 370457
TI  - A study of the central auditory processes in stutterers using the Synthetic
      Sentence Identification (SSI) Test battery.
AB  - The performance of a group of stutters (N = 14) and a group of nonstutterers (N =
      14) was compared on the Synthetic Sentence Identification Test (Speaks and
      Jerger, 1965). The test is designed to assess central auditory function. It was
      hypothesized that because of subtle neurologically based differences in
      perceptual processing, the performance of the two groups would differ
      significantly on one or more of the subtests. An analysis of variance revealed
      that the performance of the stuttering group was significantly poorer (0.01 level
      of confidence) than that of the nonstutteres on the Ipsilateral Competing Message
      Subtest. The results of the investigation were compatible with other studies that
      suggest a neurological dysfunction within the central auditory apparatus as at
      least one of the underlying causes of disfluency. It was concluded that further
      investigations of the central auditory processes in stutterers are warranted to
      make a more definitive statement about the etiology of stuttering.

PMID- 370458
TI  - Immune competence and diabetes mellitus. II. Experimental mouse studies.

PMID- 370459
TI  - Wanderings of a Latvian surgeon--World War II.

PMID- 370460
TI  - Postcardiotomy delirium: a critical review.
AB  - The literature concerning postcardiotomy delirium contains confusing definitions
      and contradictory results. In a critical review of the subject, we conclude that
      cardiac status, the severity of physical illness, the complexity of the surgical
      procedure, and preoperative organic brain disease are the determining factors in
      postcardiotomy delirium. Preoperative anxiety, denial, and depression also have
      some correlation. Age, sex, time on bypass, and preoperative psychological
      profile seem to have no influence on outcome. No psychological etiology for
      delirium has been proven consistently. The therapeutic influence of preoperative
      interviews in preventing postoperative psychiatric complications remains
      equivocal as do theories implicating sensory deprivation in the intensive care
      unit. Long-term follow-up studies suggest that psychological problems impair
      functional recovery from heart surgery. The suggested treatment of patients with
      delirium includes chemotherapy, psychotherapy, and environmental support. Finally
      we suggest that investigation of biochemical abnormalities in delirium may prove
      to be a model for clarifying the role of neurotransmitters in functional
      psychiatric illnesses.

PMID- 370462
TI  - [Bacteriological study on bed-brushing].

PMID- 370461
TI  - Myocardial protection with methylprednisolone. Evaluation of viability of hearts
      subjected to warm ischemia before transplantation.
AB  - Methylprednisolone was given at different intervals before warm ischemia of the
      heart (37 degrees C. for 60 minutes), and viability of these hearts was evaluated
      after transplantation into the abdomen of another dog. Animals were divided into
      four groups: Group 1 received no methylprednisolone: Groups II, III, and IV
      received 30 mg. of methylprednisolone per kilogram 10 minutes, 60 minutes, and
      120 minutes before warm ischemia. In all parameters measured, the animals of
      Group IV performed better than the other groups. It is concluded that
      methylprednisolone, when given 2 hours before warm ischemia, exerts a protective
      effect on the ischemic myocardium.

PMID- 370463
TI  - An unusual case of lymphocele after renal transplantation. Case report.
AB  - A patient who developed a lymphocele five years after renal transplantation is
      presented and discussed.

PMID- 370464
TI  - Walking and hiking: articles available through the Med-Chi Library.

PMID- 370465
TI  - The Hohenzollerns, Field Marshal Rommel, Benito Mussolini and Count Galeazzo
      Ciano.

PMID- 370466
TI  - A modern use for chloroform?

PMID- 370467
TI  - Medical annals of Maryland, 1899--1925. Pre-1932 surgery.

PMID- 370468
TI  - M. McKendree Boyer, MD, 1907-78.

PMID- 370469
TI  - Medicine in Maryland, 1634-1900. Chapter 13: care of the insane in Maryland,
      1841.

PMID- 370470
TI  - Was "Jack the Ripper" heir to the British throne? A new book says "yes!".

PMID- 370472
TI  - Torrey Brown named director of outpatient services at Hopkins; reelected to House
      of Delegates.

PMID- 370471
TI  - Carcinoma arising in a villous adenoma in a 19 year-old male with review of the
      literature.

PMID- 370473
TI  - Analysis of the semantic structures of medical reference languages: part 2.
      Analysis of the semantic power of MeSH, ICD and SNOMED.
AB  - Three medical reference languages, Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), International
      Classification of Diseases (ICD) and Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine
      (SNOMED), were compared through an analysis of their structures. They were found
      to differ in the degrees of complexity and specificity of meaning that they could
      convey. This variation in semantic power has been correlated with their different
      functions.

PMID- 370474
TI  - [The development of Swedish psychiatry].

PMID- 370475
TI  - Looking back: nursing heart cases.

PMID- 370476
TI  - [Prof. Emil Schlander, M.D., on 90th birthday].

PMID- 370477
TI  - Complete reconstruction of the chin and floor of the mouth.
AB  - A method of reconstruction of the entire floor of the mouth and chin is
      presented, utilizing interdigitated ventral tongue flaps for reconstruction of
      the floor of the mouth, and a deltopectoral flap for reconstruction of the chin,
      which, even with loss of bony support of the mandible, provides a watertight,
      competent oral sphincter with adequate communication and nutrition.

PMID- 370478
TI  - Battle over free care sets stage for rebuilding of Hill-Burton.

PMID- 370479
TI  - Doctor's court-martial: a symbol of greater health care problems.

PMID- 370480
TI  - Discharge of Mycobacterium leprae from the mouth in lepromatous leprosy patients.

PMID- 370481
TI  - Nickolay Alexandrovich Torsuev. 1902--1978.

PMID- 370482
TI  - Pharmacology of ureter.

PMID- 370484
TI  - [Detection of focal lesions of the brain using 99mTc microspheres].

PMID- 370486
TI  - [Outstanding Soviet roentgenologist (on the centenary of the birth of S. P.
      Grigor'ev)].

PMID- 370485
TI  - [Radioindication method in studying the evacuatory function of the stomach].

PMID- 370483
TI  - Linolenic acid deficiency.
AB  - Linolenic acid deficiency has not been demonstrated clearly in warm blooded
      animals, yet circumstantial evidence suggests that n-3 fatty acids may have
      functions in these animals. The fact that several species of fish definitely
      require dietary n-3 fatty acids indicates that n-3 fatty acids have important and
      specific functions in these animals and suggests that such functions may also be
      present in warm blooded animals. It is also true that n-3 fatty acid distribution
      in tissues of birds and mammals appears to be under strict metabolic control, and
      that this complex metabolic control mechanism apparently has survived
      evolutionary pressure for a very long time. So far, attempts to produce linolenic
      acid deficiency in mammals have not revealed an absolute requirement for n-3
      fatty acids. If functions for n-3 fatty acids do exist in warm blooded animals,
      it seems probable that they may be located in the cerebral cortex or in the
      retina, because these tissues normally contain high concentrations of n-3 fatty
      acids.

PMID- 370487
TI  - Non-pharmacologic approaches to the control of hypertension.

PMID- 370488
TI  - [From vitalism to mechanization: the crossing of motivation in the genesis of a
      hypothesis].

PMID- 370489
TI  - [Certainty in medicine].

PMID- 370490
TI  - [Problems in the historiography of science].

PMID- 370491
TI  - The association of the dog with deities of healing in the ancient Near East.

PMID- 370492
TI  - [Quacks and charlatans in the 15th century: gleanings from archives].

PMID- 370493
TI  - [Newtonian physiology and mechanics in P. J. Barthez].

PMID- 370494
TI  - Pediatric cardiology--past, present, and future.

PMID- 370495
TI  - Helen B. Taussig, the original pediatric cardiologist.

PMID- 370496
TI  - A conversation with Helen Taussig. Interview by Dr. W. Proctor Harvey.

PMID- 370497
TI  - [Reliability of the indirect immunofluorescence test in the diagnosis of African
      human trypanosomiasis (author's transl)].
AB  - The reliability of an immunodiagnosis depends on its efficiency, i.e. the
      possibility of sorting out infected people from uninfected thanks to a good
      sensibility and a good specificity, and to its reproductibility. The authors have
      studied the reliability of the Indirect Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT)
      for trypanosomiasis diagnosis on 90 sera (30 sera from patients with proven
      trypanosomiasis and 60 sera from patients free of trypanosome infection).
      Reproductibility is considered as good when the reading has been done by the same
      reader. Sensibility approaches 100 p. 100 and specificity varies according to
      readers: the reader taking the "brillance" into account obtains a specificity of
      more than 85 p. 100 and the reader reading the immunofluorescence extinction
      obtains a specificity between 65 p. 100 and 77 p. 100. The IFAT may be taken as a
      reference to evaluate new immunodiagnosis.

PMID- 370498
TI  - [Organization of mass screening of human trypanosomiasis in West Africa (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Immunological diagnosis methods appear to be necessary at the occasion of large
      scale surveys. The authors recommend indirect immunofluorescence antibody test
      (IFAT) and propose the creation of a mobile team supplied with necessary
      equipment for immunological tests and parasitological exams to be carried out in
      the field.

PMID- 370499
TI  - [Early congenital syphilis (7 cases observed in Bangui Hospital Central African
      Empire) (author's transl)].
AB  - In an infant of good condition, skin changes, anemia, hepato-splenomegalia and
      more over radiological osseous changes are symptoms of great value which are to
      be confirmed by a serological test of the baby and its mother. Treatment is very
      effective but it would be better to protect the foetus by an early detection and
      treatment of the syphilitic pregnant woman.

PMID- 370500
TI  - [Culex pipiens fatigans Wiedemann in tropical Africa: its importance and its
      control (author's transl)].
AB  - Improvement in communications, unchecked urbanization and use of inadequate
      insecticides have promoted widespreading and proliferation of C.p. fatigans in
      tropical Africa. This mosquito is a pest for man but also a main vector of
      Bancroftian filariasis. Various sanitation measures and insecticidal control are
      now available to destroy it; these control methods are indicated.

PMID- 370501
TI  - [The Adalat field study--1 year later. Experience from a follow-up of 2,878
      patients].

PMID- 370503
TI  - Anaesthesia in Arab medicine.

PMID- 370505
TI  - In memoriam: 'Tony' Doherty.

PMID- 370502
TI  - [Symptomatic treatment of chronic postprandial complaints with Motilium
      (Domperidon): results of a double-blind study].

PMID- 370504
TI  - History of the Ayre's T-piece.

PMID- 370506
TI  - Effect of intestinal flora on megaenteron of mice.

PMID- 370507
TI  - In vitro assay for responsiveness of lymphocytes to transfer factor by a new
      leukocyte migration inhibitory test.
AB  - Transfer factor (TF) causes nonimmune lymphocytes to produce leukocyte migration
      inhibitory factor (LMIF) in the presence of purified protein derivative (PPD).
      The activity of TF was measured by leukocyte migration inhibitory test (LMIT).
      The LMIT was a modification of the conventional agarose droplet method. To
      express the activity of LMIF quantitatively and simply, LMIF titer was
      introduced. The LMIF titer was obtained from the combination of two factors, LMIF
      dilution and cell migration diameter, and therefore this made the LMIT much more
      sensitive as compared to the conventional LMIT. The responsiveness of lymphocytes
      from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and from cell-mediated immunodeficiency
      in children to TF was assayed by LMIT. In ALL, the lymphocyte responsiveness was
      poor in relapse but improved with remission. The responsiveness was remarkably
      well in 3 patients with cell-mediated immunodeficiency. This method appears
      useful for the in vitro evaluation of responsiveness of lymphocytes to TF.

PMID- 370508
TI  - [Use of a pyrimidine-dependent mutant for effective labeling of the DNA OF
      Aspergillus nidulans].
AB  - Incorporation of the radioactive label from pyrimidines into RNA and DNA of an
      Aspergillus nidulans pyrimidine-dependent mutant was studied. The label from
      [14C2]uridine was incorporated at the highest rate into both fractions of nucleic
      acids from A. nidulans of the wild type and pyr-mutant. The content of the label
      in the DNA of the pyr-mutant was several times higher than that in the wild type
      DNA. Therefore, pyr-mutants can be used in order to study molecular-genetic
      processes in the cells of A. nidulans. The label from [3H5]deoxyuridine,
      [14C2]thymine, [14C2]thymidine, [14C2]cytosine and I114C2]uracil was incorporated
      into the pyr-mutant RNA and DNA at a much lower rate than into the wild type RNA
      and DNA. Apparently, these pyrimidines cannot maintain the growth of the pyr
      mutant. Incorporation of the label from [14C2]uracil into the pyr-mutant DNA
      increased if growth of the mycelium was stimulated by low concentrations of
      unlabeled uridine.

PMID- 370509
TI  - [Rapid methods for identifying microorganisms based on DNA hybridization].

PMID- 370510
TI  - [Determination of the microbiologic formation of methane by the radioisotope
      method].

PMID- 370511
TI  - [Use of ultrasound to obtain small Escherichia coli cells containing drd
      plasmids].
AB  - Treatment with ultrasound of Escherichia coli K-12 chi 1100 producing mini-cells
      and containing R factor 100-1 drd depressed in conjugation transfer, prior to
      defferential and zonal centrifugation, makes it possible to increase the yield
      and purity of mini-cells. Combination of ultrasound treatment with differential
      centrifugation produces mini-cells with purity greater than 10(3) per parent
      cell. Ultrasound has no negative effect on the physiological state of mini-cells
      and the hydrodynamical characteristics of segregated plasmid DNA.

PMID- 370512
TI  - [Use of indirect immunofluorescence to study the soil actinomycete Streptomyces
      olivocinereus].

PMID- 370513
TI  - [Dynamics of the interaction of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus with the bacterial
      host under aerobic and anaerobic conditions].
AB  - Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus can interact with the host bacterium cells under
      aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The dynamics of the interaction between the
      parasite and the host depended on the regime of incubation. The latent period and
      the time at which Bd. bacteriovorus reached the stationary level became shorter
      under aerobic conditions. Lysis of the host bacterium cells under aerobic
      conditions proceeded more effectively, at a higher rate, and after a shorter
      period of the constant titre than under anaerobic conditions.

PMID- 370514
TI  - [Effect of temperature on the viability of Escherichia coli strains in seawater].
AB  - The survival and growth of E. coli strains were studied at different temperatures
      of sea water. The bacterial number for serotypes 055 and 078 was found to
      increase with a decrease in temperatue of sea water to 5 degrees C. The bacteria
      of serotype 015 did not grow in sea water whereas those of serotype 0115 were
      capable of growth only at 20 and 15 degrees C. The bacteria were able to survive
      from 4 to 98 days depending on the temperature of water and the strain of E.
      coli.

PMID- 370515
TI  - [Effect of cell reserve carbohydrates on an increase in the keeping qualities of
      baker's yeast].
AB  - Synthesis of reserve carbohydrates (trehalose and metabolically active glycogen)
      can be intensified in the cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by adding glycerol
      and magnesium or phosphorus salts to the cultural broth. An increase in the
      content of reserve carbohydrates in the cells increases their preservation after
      separation from the substrate.

PMID- 370516
TI  - [D. K. Zabolotnyi Order of the Red Banner of Labor Institute of Microbiology and
      Virology of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR].

PMID- 370517
TI  - [Comparative study of the rate of glucose and oxygen consumption by bacteria
      normally and under the action of low temperatures].
AB  - The effect of freezing on the rate of respiration and glucose assimilation in
      Escherichia coli M-17 incubated in 2 mM phosphate buffer, physiological solution,
      and media containing 1% and 10% glycerol was studied by potentiometry and delayed
      fluorescence of bacterial cells. When the cells were frozen to --70 degrees C and
      the rate of freezing-thawing was 10--15 degrees C per 1 min, the rate of
      respiration and glucose assimilation was below the stationary level, and the
      restoration took 20--60 min depending on the incubation medium. The low activity
      of the cells is attributed to the disturbed permeability of bacterial membranes,
      in particularly, for H+ ions.

PMID- 370518
TI  - [Vera Iosifovna Bilai (on her 70th birthday)].

PMID- 370519
TI  - [Metabolic pathways of exogenous pyrimidines in Aspergillus nidulans].
AB  - Studies on the susceptibility of the wild-type strain of Aspergillus nidulans to
      6-azauracil suggest that it synthesizes pyrimidines using a by-pass pathway which
      is induced with 6-azauracil. The effect of a series of pyrimidines on the toxic
      action of 5-fluorouracil, 5-fluorouidine and 5-fluorodeoxyuridine has been
      investigated. As the result of these studies, a scheme is proposed for the
      metabolism of some pyrimidine bases and nucleosides in Aso. nidulans.

PMID- 370520
TI  - [Effect of raised temperatures on the protein and RNA synthesis rate in yeasts].
AB  - The rates of incorporation of labelled precursors of protein (14C-DL-leucine) and
      RNA (14C-uracil) into the cells of synchronous yeast cultures of Pichia
      membranaefaciens, Hansenula anomala, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces
      (fabospora) fragilis were studied at different temperatures. Synthesis of RNA and
      then of protein was inhibited in H. anomala if the temperature was increased
      above the optimal one. This is manifested even more distinctly in Sacch.
      cerevisiae and P. membranaefaciens. In the thermotolerant yeast Sacch. fragilis,
      the incorporation of 14C-uracil was inhibited at temperatures above 40 degrees C
      while the rate of protein synthesis did not decrease.

PMID- 370521
TI  - Norman J. Holter and Holter electrocardiography.

PMID- 370522
TI  - "First stammering of the heart": Ludwig's kymograph.

PMID- 370523
TI  - The first man/machine interaction in medicine: the pulsilogium of Sanctorius.
AB  - This article, published in lieu of the customary feature, artifact, describes one
      of the earliest medical devices--a device to measure pulse rate. A close
      examination of the pulsilogium of Sanctorius of Padua (1561--1636) reveals it to
      be something more than the first measuring device in medical history; it is also
      the first man/machine system in medicine. Using a systems approach, pulsilogium
      and physician interaction is found to contain important dynamic characteristics.
      The device is operated in a negative feedback mode, employs the concept of
      transduction, and measures pulse through another dimension--length. More than 100
      years after its invention, the pulsilogium found useful application by de la
      Croix in measurements of cardiac function during "electrification."

PMID- 370524
TI  - Ischaemic cerebrovascular disease: 1. investigation.

PMID- 370525
TI  - Prolactin suppression in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome.
AB  - Abnormal secretion of prolactin is amongst the many disorders of hormone
      secretion which have been proposed as potential causes for the common syndrome of
      premenstrual tension. Eight women suffering from this disorder participated in a
      five-month double-blind crossover trial of bromocriptine (5 mg per day) given in
      the luteal phase of the cycle. Significant improvement in most symptoms occurred
      during active as opposed to placebo therapy, together with objective evidence of
      a decrease in premenstrual weight gain and breast enlargement. This corresponds
      with the results of other studies which used bromocriptine in this dosage. The
      effect may be mediated by suppression of prolactin secretion, but could equally
      be a direct effect of bromocriptine.

PMID- 370526
TI  - Bromocriptine, methyl testosterone and placebo for inhibition of physiological
      lactation: a controlled study.
AB  - Lactation occurs when the fully developed breast is released from the inhibitory
      influence which oestrogen and progesterone exert upon the action of prolactin.
      The use of oestrogens to suppress lactation depends on a continuation of the
      peripheral, that is, mammary, inhibition of prolactin. Androgens are also
      believed to act by inhibition of the action of prolactin on the mammary gland
      epithelium. Bromocriptine, when compared in a double-blind trial with orally
      administered methyl testosterone and placebo, gave almost complete relief of
      breast discomfort and congestion, though a small amount of milk production was
      seen. Methyl testosterone, in the dosage used in this study, was quite
      ineffective in suppressing lactation or breast symptoms.

PMID- 370527
TI  - A double-blind trial of bromocriptine in Parkinson's disease.
AB  - Twenty-two patients entered a double-blind trial to test the efficacy of
      bromocriptine therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease who were already
      stabilized on conventional L-Dopa therapy. Of these, three patients who were
      receiving placebo withdrew when no improvement occurred and control became
      complicated. Another four patients taking active drug withdrew because of side
      effects, but only in one case was the symptom (nausea and vomiting) thought to be
      a true effect of the drug. Of the 15 patients who completed the trial, nine were
      taking active drug and six took placebo. Although more than half the patients in
      each group were subjectively improved, measurement scales of functional
      disability and physical examination revealed no significant change in either
      group. Side effects encountered included nausea, dyskinesia, and hallucinations.
      It was concluded that bromocriptine does not offer any additional benefit to
      patients with Parkinson's disease who are stabilized on L-Dopa therapy, but may
      have a place in those patients who encounter side effects due to fluctuations in
      serum and tissue levels of L-Dopa.

PMID- 370528
TI  - Pharmacology of ergot alkaloids in clinical use.

PMID- 370529
TI  - [Clinical picture of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Value of retrograde
      cholangiography for confirmatory diagnosis].

PMID- 370531
TI  - Third Myron Karon Memorial Lecture. Resistance of human tumors to cancer
      chemotherapeutic agents: an important research problem.
AB  - The mechanisms whereby malignant cells become biochemically resistant to anti
      cancer drugs are surveyed, with emphasis on human tumors. Methotrexate is used as
      a model to illustrate the mechanisms of resistance that can occur, and how cells
      can increase their production of dihyrofolate reductase, the target enzyme. Drug
      resistance remains one of the major impediments to the successful use of
      chemotherapy for neoplastic diseases.

PMID- 370530
TI  - [The Henning moulages in the Pathologisch-anatomische Bundesmuseum in Vienna].

PMID- 370532
TI  - In vitro antitumor reactivity of mononuclear leukocytes from cancer patients
      receiving immunotherapy with BCG.
AB  - Mononuclear cell-mediated cytotoxicity (MCMC) against cultured tumor target cells
      was studied sequentially in melanoma and breast cancer patients before and during
      BGC administration. MCMC showed temporary fluctuations. In patients with locally
      advanced melanoma and carcinoma of the breast after tumor load reduction, the
      administration of BCG may increase the MCMC. This did not always correlate with a
      favorable clinical course. Potentiating serum factors appeared in 50% of these
      patients during BCG therapy, while blocking factors were rare. Neither correlated
      with prognosis. In patients with disseminated melanoma receiving
      chemoimmunotherapy, increases in MCMC may be related to clinical course. Blocking
      serum factors frequently developed in this group of patients and potentiating
      factors were rare. Neither correlated with the clinical course. Significant MCMC
      among normal donors and the apparent lack of specificity suggest a common
      nonspecific (? natural) cellular reactivity against cultured tumor target cells.

PMID- 370533
TI  - EST 1668--effect of high-dose glucose on therapy with 5-fluorouracil.

PMID- 370534
TI  - 4-Aminoimidazole-5-carboxamide excretion in acute leukemia.
AB  - The urinary excretion of 4-aminimidazole-5-carboxamide (AIC) as been reported to
      be increased in children with acute leukemia and has been correlated with disease
      status. Using a modification of the method of Skibba et al [5], determinations
      were made on urine from 26 children with acute leukemia. The urine from ten
      normal children served as controls. The effect of chemotherapy on urinary AIC was
      studied comparing patients on vincristine and prednisone (V+P) with those on 6
      mercaptopurine, methotrexate, and cyclophosphamide (Triple Rx). Patients in
      remission on Triple Rx had lower levels of urinary AIC than did patients on
      Triple Rx in relapse or patients on V+P in either remission or relapse. Twenty
      patients had sequential measurements. Values for individual patients were not
      predictive of disease status. One such patient is described. This study
      demonstrates that chemotherapy, as well as disease status, affects the urinary
      excretion of AIC in children with acute leukemia.

PMID- 370535
TI  - EST 0469B--comparison of high- and low-dose cyclophosphamide in human lung
      cancer.
AB  - A controlled trial of high-intermittent vs low-chronic dose cyclophosphamide in
      human lung cancer failed to show the benefits reported in noncontrolled trials.
      There were no differences in toxicity observed.

PMID- 370536
TI  - Safety of delayed leucovorin "rescue" following high-dose methotrexate in
      children.
AB  - High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) with leucovorin (CF) "rescue" is being
      investigated for treatment of many malignant tumors. CF is usually begun 2 hours
      after ending the HDMTX infusion. However, since CF and methotrexate compete for
      the same cellular transport system, at high extracellular methotrexate
      concentrations it may be impossible to "rescue" cells with CF. A regimen of HDMTX
      with delayed leucovorin "rescue" was therefore designed. In this program, a 6
      hour infusion of methotrexate (7.5 gm/m2) was followed 24 hours later by
      leucovorin "rescue." Nine patients with osteogenic sarcoma received 115 courses
      of this treatment. Toxicity was minimal. Plasma methotrexate values were
      identical to those following early CF 'rescue" regimens. HDMTX with delayed
      "rescue" is well tolerated. Although theoretically sound, further studies are
      needed to determine its efficacy in comparison to standard early "rescue"
      regimens.

PMID- 370537
TI  - High-dose methotrexate for the remission induction of refractory adult acute
      lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Six adults with refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were treated with
      high-dose methotrexate, citrovorum factor, and vincristine. All patients had
      previously received extensive treatment with standard therapeutic agents,
      including vincristine, and all but one had received prior methotrexate. Two
      patients achieved complete remission and one achieved partial remission.
      Responses were seen at 3--6 gm/m2 of methotrexate. The durations of remission
      were 7--10 weeks. High-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor is effective in
      the treatment of advanced ALL and should be considered for inclusion in initial
      combination chemotherapeutic regimens for adult ALL.

PMID- 370538
TI  - CCNU, vinblastine, and delalutin therapy in renal cell carcinoma.
AB  - Advanced renal cell carcinoma is relatively resistant to most adequately
      evaluated chemotherapeutic agents. The combination of CCNU and vinblastine, which
      has antitumor activity in a frog renal carcinoma model system, has demonstrated
      activity in initial studies in man. The current study investigated this
      combination of drugs together with a progestational agent, Delalutin. Seventeen
      patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma were treated with CCNU, vinblastine
      and Delalutin. There were no objective responses. Four patients with stable
      disease had a mean survival of 18 months compared to 13 patients with progressive
      disease who had a mean survival of 5 months. The survival of the four patients
      with stable disease was in large part due to the slowly progressive natural
      history of their disease.

PMID- 370539
TI  - Enucleating donor eyes and uses of donor eyes.

PMID- 370540
TI  - Cadaver Kidney transplantation. Effect of hypotension and donor pretreatment with
      methylprednisolone and phenoxybenzamine.

PMID- 370541
TI  - [Dental implants coated with isotropic carbon].
AB  - 22 implants have been carried out in the mandibular arches of 5 dogs for the
      purpose of assessing the usefulness of a special isotropic carbon coating on
      vitallium cast dental replicas. Clinico-radiological, histopathological and
      microradiographic data showed the usefulness of the coating. Permucous
      acceptability, which is hard to obtain with other materials, proved satisfactory.
      Anchorage of the replicas to the surrounding bone was good, thus confirming the
      compatibility and usefulness of the isotropic carbon coating.

PMID- 370542
TI  - Meiotic recombination and synaptonemal complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The course of meiotic recombination, gene conversion and crossing-over, was
      investigated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene conversion was used as the
      selected event by removing cells from a medium inducing and promoting meiosis to
      a vegetative growth medium selective for convertants. Gene conversion started to
      increase at the same time as DNA synthesis, and nuclei entered a phase where the
      chromatin appeared as thread-like structures. Crossing over of linked and
      unlinked markers also started early but remained at a low level until
      synaptonemal complexes were formed. However, gene conversion and a limited amount
      of crossing-over could be completed without synaptonemal complexes. It was
      concluded that meiotic recombination in yeast can occur as early as during DNA
      synthesis and does not require the function of synaptonemal complexes. Moreover,
      the low incidence of crossing-over early in meiosis is attributed to a low
      frequency of strand isomerization.

PMID- 370543
TI  - Mitotic recombination in the absence of synaptonemal complexes in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Mitotic cells of a diploid strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with appropriate
      markers for the detection of mitotic crossing-over and mitotic gene conversion
      were irradiated with X-rays. Induction of these recombinational events was
      strong. After irradiation, cells were incubated in a rich growth medium and
      samples were removed for studying the possible formation of synaptonemal
      complexes up to a time when most cells had completed the first post-irradiation
      cell division. No complexes were found during the entire period of sampling,
      during which mitotic recombination in G1 (mitotic gene conversion), DNA
      replication and G2 (mitotic crossing-over) had occurred. These results are
      interpreted to mean that synaptonemal complexes are not required for mitotic
      recombination.

PMID- 370544
TI  - Major proteins of the outer cell envelope membrane of Escherichia coli K12:
      multiple species of protein I differ in primary structure.
AB  - Protein I, one of the major outer membrane proteins of E. coli in most K12
      strains is represented by two very similar polypeptides Ia and Ib. Sequential
      mutations (involving selections for phage resistance) can lead to loss of
      proteins Ia and Ib. Among "revertants" of such Ia-Ib- mutants clones exist that
      instead of Ia or Ib produce a third species of protein I, polypeptide Ic.
      Ichihara and Mizushima [J. Biochem. 83, 1095--1100 (1978)] have shown that
      proteins Ia and Ib exhibit differences in primary structure. Here evidence is
      presented indicating that protein Ic also is not identical in primary structure
      with Ia or Ib. Thus, 3 very similar structural genes appear to exist for the
      protein I species known to date, and that for Ic normally is silent. Introduction
      of a functional Ic locus into a Ia+ Ib+ strain caused expression of all three
      proteins with a reduced rate of synthesis of protein Ia.

PMID- 370546
TI  - Genetic mapping of a putative temperature-sensitive transcription mutation in
      Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - A putative temperature-sensitive transcription mutant described earlier (Jabbar
      and Jayaraman, 1976) has been genetically mapped. The locus maps at 38 min to the
      left of aroD. The mutation is recessive to the wild type and it affects a gene
      probably other than the genes coding for the alpha and beta subunits of
      phenylalanine tRNA synthetase and protein synthesis initiation factor IF-3 which
      also map in the same region.

PMID- 370545
TI  - The non-reciprocality of organelle gene recombination in Chlamydomonas
      reinhardtii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae: some new observations and a restatement
      of some old problems.
AB  - Organelle recombinant genotype frequencies, derived from analysis of individual
      mitotic zygote clones of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae,
      were subjected to two types of statistical tests in an attempt to detect the
      occurrence of reciprocal recombination: (i) calculation of correlation
      coefficients for the frequencies of two recombinant genotypes (reciprocal or non
      reciprocal pairs) within individual zygote clones, and (ii) application of the
      chi-square test for independence to the frequencies of zygotes yielding one or
      the other, neither, or both of a given recombinant pair. Applying test (i), the
      strongest correlations are found for non-reciprocal rather than reciprocal pairs.
      When the data are analyzed by method (ii), some reciprocal as well as non
      reciprocal pairs appear to be produced concurrently in zygote clones. However,
      such deviations from independence are greatest for non-reciprocal pairs. These
      tests yield comparable results for yeast mitochondrial and Chlamydomonas
      chloroplast gene recombination, and provide no convincing evidence for reciprocal
      genetic exchange. Explanations for the observed lack of reciprocality are
      discussed with reference both to our present understanding of the molecular
      events responsible for genetic recombination, and to the problems which may be
      unique to the analysis of organelle gene recombination.

PMID- 370547
TI  - Evidence for a common mechanism for the insertion of the Tn10 transposon and for
      the generation of Tn10-stimulated deletions.
AB  - Mutations in and near the Salmonella typhimurium histidine transport operon were
      generated by insertion of the translocatable tetracycline-resistance element
      Tn10. Deletion mutants affecting histidine transport genes were subsequently
      isolated in several of the Tn10-containing strains. Tn10 insertions in hisJ
      occurred preferentially at one site, designated site A. This same site was also
      the preferential endpoint of deletions originating from Tn10 insertions at two
      neighboring sites. Thus, Tn10 insertion and Tn10-stimulated deletion formation
      appear to involve a common DNA-recogition step.

PMID- 370548
TI  - Binding of lac repressor to the secondary lac operator in Escherichia coli.
AB  - In the lac operon, the existence of a secondary repressor binding site, inside Z
      gene, had been inferred from in vitro binding studies (Reznikoff et al., 1974;
      Gilbert et al., 1975). A series of deletions have been constructed from a lac
      transducing lambda bacteriophage. Some of those deleted bacteriophages have still
      the property of derepressing a chromosomal lac operon, even though they do not
      contain any more the lac operator. This phenomenon is an indication that the
      secondary repressor binding site is also active in vivo.

PMID- 370549
TI  - Inhibitors of protein biosynthesis.

PMID- 370552
TI  - The little beasts.

PMID- 370551
TI  - Calcium metabolism in intact isolated thymocytes.
AB  - Isolated rat thymocytes incubated under proper metabolic conditions extrude Ca2+
      previously taken up under metabolically unfavourable conditions. The extrusion
      can be supported by both respiratory and glycolytic energy but glycolysis seems
      to be more efficient for this purpose. La3+ (50--200 micron) and the ionophore A
      23187 inhibit cell Ca2+ extrusion. Ruthenium Red (1--100 micron) does not
      influence cell Ca2+ extrusion while it inhibits the in situ mitochondrial cation
      uptake. All the results are consistent with a cell regulation model of Ca2+
      content in which both plasma membrane and mitochondria co-operate, acting in
      opposite directions, in order to decrease cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. The
      possibility of Na+-Ca2+ hetero-exchange participation to cell Ca2+ homeostasis
      regulation is also discussed.

PMID- 370554
TI  - [Selective binding of oligoribonucleotides by T7 phage induced RNA-polymerase].
AB  - It was shown previously that E. coli RNA-polymerase being incubated with the
      random oligonucleotide mixtures of definite length binds certain
      oligoribonucleotides with the length greater than or equal to 5 nucleotides. The
      data presented demonstrate that T7 phage induced RNA-polymerase (T7 RNA
      polymerase) also binds selectively oligoribonucleotides beginning from
      pentaribonucleotides. From the random mixtures of penta-, hexa-, hepta-, octa-,
      nona- and decaribonucleotides the hepta- and octaribonucleotides are bound most
      efficiently. The T7 RNA-polymerase bound oligoribonucleotides can be completely
      extracted from the random mixture by the addition of the redundant enzyme
      amounts. As far as E. coli RNA-polymerase and T7 RNA-polymerase do not compete
      for the oligoribonucleotides the conclusion is made that they bind different
      oligoribonucleotides. The addition of the T7 DNA to the previously formed T7 RNA
      polymerase--heptaribonucleotide complex competitively displace the
      heptaribonucleotides from the complex; the competitive effect of T4 DNA is very
      low. The data suggest that the oligoribonucleotides which are selectively bound
      by the RNA-polymerase are attached to the enzyme site responsible for the
      interaction with the promotor.

PMID- 370553
TI  - Staphylococcal nuclease reviewed: a prototypic study in contemporary enzymology.
      I. Isolation; physical and enzymatic properties.
AB  - This is the first of a series of four articles in which the chemical,
      enzymological, and crystallographic work on Ribonucleate (deoxyribonucleate)-3'
      nucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.7, (Staphylococcal nuclease, Micrococcal nuclease)
      will be reviewed and correlated. This article discusses the purification of the
      enzyme and its general physical and enzymological properties. Subsequent articles
      will deal with specific studies of the nucleotide binding site, crystallographic
      studies of a nuclease-inhibitor complex, use of the nuclease as a model for
      protein folding and possible mechanisms for the action of the enzyme.

PMID- 370550
TI  - Platelet responses in health and disease.
AB  - This article summarizes recent ultrastructure findings from our laboratory and
      documents some of the information accumulated primarily since 1975 from many
      laboratories. Special attention is given to documentation by scanning electron
      microscopy which affords insight into platelet activation (adhesion, aggregation,
      release/secretion) and especially platelet-vessel wall interactions. Structural
      physiology of platelets is considered in some detail as a basis for understanding
      platelet disorders contributing to clinical problems of thrombosis and
      hemorrhage. The impaired ability of von Willebrand platelets to adhere to injured
      vessel wall is reported using the human umbilical vein perfusion model.
      Relationships between platelets and blood coagulation factors focus on the
      exquisite sensitivity of platelets to minute amounts of thrombin. Unmasking of
      platelet factor 3 sites is identified on activated platelets, after
      glutaraldehyde fixation, by their reaction ot latex bearing anti-platelet factor
      3 markers. The basis for platelet-collagen interactions is reviewed. Conditions
      for and possible mechanisms behind platelet interaction with vessel wall are
      discussed. Ex vivo flowing blood-vessel wall models offer opportunities for
      improved understanding of the platelets role(s) in vascular diseases.

PMID- 370555
TI  - [Modern means of retention for reconstructive materials: parapulpar pins].

PMID- 370557
TI  - [Prof Lutz Schall, M.D].

PMID- 370556
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. Alfred Wiskott, M.D].

PMID- 370558
TI  - The cell biology of mucus secretion in the lung.

PMID- 370559
TI  - Chronic obstructive lung disease: the role of airway disease, with special
      emphasis on the pathology of small airways.

PMID- 370560
TI  - Drug-induced lung disease.

PMID- 370561
TI  - The basis of pulmonary edema, with emphasis on ultrastructure.
AB  - In the normal lung, a delicate interplay of physical forces and structural
      devices maintains the gas-exchanging membranes hydrated but unflooded. Liquids
      leaking from the alveolar capillaries are prevented from interfering with gas
      exchange by a combination of mechanisms: the alveolar epithelium prevents easy
      access of liquids into the alveolar space; glycosoaminoglycan "sumps" in the
      thick portion of the septum bind excess liquid, thereby protecting the gas
      exchanging thin portions of the alveolar-capillary barrier from water-logging;
      gradients of subatmospheric pressure promote the rapid transfer of liquids from
      the septal "sumps" into a compliant peribronchial space for further disposal by
      the lymphatic vessels. "Leaky" pulmonary and bronchial microvessels upset the
      osmotic forces in the interstitial space and interfere with the capacity of the
      lymphatic system to reabsorb liquids. Accumulation of excess liquids is limited
      initially to the interstitum. When the capacity of this space to bind liquids is
      overcome alveolar edema develops.

PMID- 370562
TI  - Recent advances in the pathology of the pulmonary vasculature.

PMID- 370563
TI  - The sudden infant death syndrome.

PMID- 370564
TI  - Recent advances in neonatal pulmonary disease.

PMID- 370565
TI  - The immunopathologic basis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

PMID- 370566
TI  - Recent advances in pneumoconiosis: the pathologist's role in etiologic diagnosis.

PMID- 370567
TI  - The effect of norharman on the metabolism of benzo[alpha]pyrene by rat-liver
      microsomes in vitro in relation to its enhancement of the mutagenicity of
      benzo[alpha]pyrene.
AB  - The effect of norharman on the metabolism of benzo[alpha]pyrene by rat-liver
      microsomes was studied. Separation of the metabolites into hydrophilic and
      hydrophobic fractions showed that norharman inhibited the conversion of
      hydrophobic metabolites to hydrophilic ones. Analysis of the hydrophobic
      metabolites by high-pressure liquid chromatography showed that norharman also
      inhibited the disappearance of benzo[alpha]pyrene itself. However, large amounts
      of hydrophobic metabolites, such as phenol, quinones and diols, were formed in
      the presence of norharman, and formation of the strong mutagen 7,8
      dihydroxybenzo[alpha]pyrene was increased 10-fold by norharman. The increase in
      formation of this compound may be one of the chief reasons why norharman enhances
      the mutagenicity of benzo[alpha]pyrene on Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 370568
TI  - Mutagenicities of styrene oxide derivatives on Salmonella typhimurium (TA 100):
      relationship between mutagenic potencies and chemical reactivity.
AB  - The lethal and mutagenic effects of p-methyl-, m-chloro-, p-chloro- and 
      unsubstituted styrene oxide on Salmonella typhimurium (TA 100) were investigated.
      At equal concentrations, p-chlorostyrene oxide was more lethal than p-methyl-, m
      chloro- or unsubstituted styrene oxide. When the survival fraction was 0.8 or
      more, the mutagenicities of these compounds increased in the order: m
      chlorostyrene oxide = p-chlorostyrene oxide less than styrene oxide less than p
      methyl-styrene oxide. The mutagenicities of these compounds depended only on the
      reactivity of their benzylic site; the reactivity at their primary site and their
      partition coefficients appeared to have no effect.

PMID- 370569
TI  - Oxidation of inactive trivalent chromium to the mutagenic hexavalent form.
AB  - Soluble trivalent chromium compounds (chromium potassium sulfate, chromium
      nitrate, chromium chloride, neochromium and chromium alum) were inactive for
      Salmonella typhimurium TA100, even at milligram amounts per plate. No effect
      could be detected either in the absence or in the presence of rat-liver, lung or
      muscle microsomal fractions, of rat-muscle mitochondria (with or without ATP), of
      oxidized glutathione (GSSG), or of human serum, plasma or erythrocyte lysates.
      Conversely, addition of a strongly oxidizing agent (potassium permanganate)
      resulted in toxic effects in plates incorporating more than 40--80 microgram of
      compounds and elicited a dose-effect mutagenic response at 10--40 microgram per
      plate. These effects could be ascribed to oxidation of chromium from the
      trivalent to the active hexavalent state. Insoluble chromite, as tested in the
      spot test, was spontaneously mutagenic, owing to contamination of the industrial
      product with hexavalent chromium. The results obtained may be useful to interpret
      the findings of carcinogenicity tests and to predict health hazards linked to
      chromium.

PMID- 370570
TI  - Mutagenicity to Salmonella typhimurium of some Aspergillus and Penicillium
      mycotoxins.
AB  - 17 mycotoxins produced by various Aspergillus and Penicillium species were
      screened for their mutagenic activity to Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98,
      TA100, TA1535 and TA1537, both with and without metabolic activation. Austdiol,
      austocystins A and D, kojic acid and viridicatumtoxin were found to be mutagenic
      after metabolic activation, while austdiol was also mutagenic per se. Aflatoxin
      B1, sterigmatocystin and versicolorin A, which were used as positive controls
      were also mutagenic. No mutagenic activity was evident in the case of citrinin,
      cyclopiazonic acid, fumitremorgen B, griseofulvin, luteoskyrin, O
      methylsterigmatocystin, mycophenolic acid, ochratoxin A, patulin, penicillic
      acid, secalonic acid D and TR2-toxin. A good relationship was found between the
      mutagenic activity, or lack of it, of most of the mycotoxins with existing data
      on carcinogenicity. Inadequate information on the carcinogenicity of austdiol,
      austocystins A and D, kojic acid and viridicatumtoxin precluded correlations with
      mutagenicity to S. typhimurium. The relationship between chemical structure and
      mutagenicity of the mycotoxins is discussed.

PMID- 370572
TI  - The lack of mutagenic properties of patulin and patulin adducts formed with
      cysteine in Salmonella test systems.
AB  - The mutagenic properties of patulin and the patulin adducts formed with cysteine
      were tested with histidine auxotroph Salmonella typhimurium strains as indicator
      organisms. The tests were performed by microsomal activation and host-mediated
      assay. Neither patulin nor patulin--cysteine reaction mixture was mutagenic in
      these test systems.

PMID- 370571
TI  - Mutagenic activity of furfural in Salmonella typhimurium TA100.
AB  - The mutagenic activity of furfural was tested in Salmonella typhimurium strains
      TA98 and TA100. Furfural produced mutations in the TA100 strain, but not in the
      TA98 strain. A rat-liver microsomal fraction did not increase the mutagenic
      activity of furfural in either strain. Mutagenic activity of furfural in the
      TA100 strain was not increased by benzo[alpha]pyrene in the presence of metabolic
      activation.

PMID- 370573
TI  - Mutagenicity of aliphatic epoxides.
AB  - The mutagenicity of 17 aliphatic epoxides was determined using the specially
      constructed mutants of Salmonella typhimurium developed by Ames. The activity of
      these epoxides together with those reported in the literature as mutagens in
      strains TA100 and TA1535 depended on the degree of substitution around the
      oxirane ring. Monosubstituted oxiranes were the most potent mutagens in both
      strains. 1,1-Disubstitution resulted in the complete loss or reduction of
      mutagenicity, trans-1,2-Disubstituted, and tetrasubstituted oxiranes all lacked
      mutagenicity, while the cis-1,2-disubstituted oxiranes tested were weakly
      mutagenic in strain TA100 only. For the monosubstituted compounds the presence of
      electron-withdrawing substituents increased mutagenicity.

PMID- 370574
TI  - Identification of a mutagenic substance in a spice, sumac, as quercetin.
AB  - The mutagenicity of a spice, sumac, was demonstrated on Salmonella typhimurium
      strain TA98. The active principle was purified and characterized by thin-layer
      chromatography, UV-absorption spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. All the
      mutagenic activity of sumac was found to be due to quercetin.

PMID- 370575
TI  - Comparative mutagenesis of plant flavonoids in microbial systems.
AB  - The plant flavonoids quercetin (3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavone), morin
      (3,5,7,2',4'-pentahydroxyflavone), kaempferol (3,5,7,4'-tetrahydroxyflavone),
      chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone), fisetin (3,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone),
      myricetin (3,5,7,3',4',5'-hexahydroxyflavone), myricitrin (myricetin-3
      rhamnoside), hesperetin (3',5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavanone), quercitrin
      (quercetin-3-L-rhamnoside), rutin (quercetin-3-rhamnosylglucoside or quercetin-3
      rutinoside), and hesperidin (hesperetin-7-rutinoside) have been assayed for
      mutagenicity in the Salmonella/microsomal activation system. Quercetin, morin,
      kaempferol, fisetin, myricetin, quercitrin and rutin were mutagenic in the
      histidine reversion system with the frameshift strain TA98. The flavonols
      quercetin and myricetin are mutagenic without metabolic activation, although more
      effective when a rat liver microsomal preparation (S-9) is included; all others
      require metabolic activation. Flavonoids are common constituents of higher
      plants, with extensive medical uses. In addition to pure compounds, we have
      examined crude extracts of tobacco (snuff) and extracts from commonly available
      nutritional supplements containing rutin. Mutagenic activity can be detected and
      is correlated with the flavonoid content.

PMID- 370576
TI  - Genetic activity of chemicals in yeast: DNA alterations and mutations induced by
      alkylating anti-cancer agents.
AB  - The simple eukaryotic organism baker's yeast allows demonstration of primary DNA
      lesions in parallel with measurement of mutagenicity and lethality after
      treatment with alkylating chemicals. Several anti-cancer drugs formed cross
      linked DNA molecules and were genetically active. The mutagenicity and lethality
      of these drugs varied substantially and were dependent on the function of some
      processes of DNA dark-repair.

PMID- 370577
TI  - The mutagenic effect of benzene, toluene and xylene studied by the SCE technique.
AB  - In experiments in vitro, neither benzene, toluene nor xylene changed the number
      of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) or the number of chromosomal aberrations in
      human lymphocytes. Toluene and xylene caused a significant cell growth inhibition
      which was not observed with benzene in the same concentrations.

PMID- 370578
TI  - Herbicidal phenylalkylureas as possible mutagens I. Mutagenicity tests with some
      urea herbicides.
AB  - Substituted phenylalkylureas are widely used as herbicides. In the assay system
      of Friedman and Staub, which measures the inhibition of testicular DNA synthesis
      (DSI test), most of these substances showed a positive reaction, i.e. they
      depressed tnymidine incorporation significantly. Bacterial tests demonstrated a
      weak mutagenic activity, too; but in the micronucleus test the compounds were
      almost inactive. As one member of this group of chemicals--the herbicide monuron-
      is a recognized carcinogen, these results seem to indicate a possible hazard, but
      more investigations are needed to quantify this danger.

PMID- 370579
TI  - Mutagenicity of optically pure (--)trans-7,8-dihydroxy-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene.

PMID- 370580
TI  - Mutagenicities of phenacetin and its metabolites.

PMID- 370581
TI  - The mutagenicity of methyl orange and metabolites produced by intestinal
      anaerobes.

PMID- 370583
TI  - Comutagenic effects exerted by N-nitroso compounds.
AB  - Mutagenesis induced by dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)
      in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA1530 is characterized by biphasic dose and
      time response curves. At low doses or short incubation times mutagenic response
      is minimal, but increases rapidly when an apparent threshold dose or threshold
      incubation time is exceeded. Bacteria pretreated with subthreshold doses of DMN
      or NMU were many times more sensitive to the mutagenic effects of methylating and
      ethylating N-nitroso compounds than were untreated bacteria. The growth phase of
      the bacteria had little effect on the percentage enhancement of mutagenesis
      caused by pretreatment with NMU although exponentially growing cells were more
      sensitive to mutagenesis induced by NMU or diethylnitrosamine. Mutagenesis
      induced by methylmethanesulfonate and N-propyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine was
      not significantly enhanced by pretreatment of bacteria with NMU or NEU suggesting
      that the former mutagens act by different mechanisms than NMU or NEU.

PMID- 370582
TI  - Mutagenicity of aliphatic nitrosamines in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - 25 aliphatic nitrosamines were examined in the Ames assay for bacterial mutagens,
      using rat liver "S-9" for activation. Of them, 8 carcinogens were mutagenic and 5
      non-carcinogens were not mutagenic. However, 2 compounds not carcinogenic in rats
      were mutagenic and 9 carcinogens were not mutagenic, including 6 that are liver
      carcinogens in rats.

PMID- 370584
TI  - Mutagenicity tests of diflubenzuron in the micronucleus test in mice, the L5178Y
      mouse lymphoma forward mutation assay, and the Ames Salmonella reverse mutation
      test.
AB  - Diflubenzuron, one of a new class of pesticides believed to act via inhibition of
      chitin synthesis in the developing insect cuticle, was tested for possible
      mutagenic activity using the micronucleus test in mice, the L5178Y mouse lymphoma
      forward mutation test at the thymidine kinase locus, and the Ames
      Salmonella/microsome reverse mutation test. No mutagenic effect was found.

PMID- 370585
TI  - Mutagenicity of anthraquinone and benzanthrone derivatives in the
      Salmonella/microsome test: activation of anthraquinone glycosides by enzymic
      extracts of rat cecal bacteria.
AB  - Approximately 70 anthraquinones and 20 benzanthrones were assayed for
      mutagenicity in the Salmonella/microsome test, employing 5 tester strains and
      Aroclor 1254 induced rat-liver microsomes. About one-third of the anthraquinones
      were frameshift mutagens, particularly phenolic and nitro anthraquinones. The
      most potent mutagens detected were of plant origin. Lucidin (1,3-dihydroxy-2
      hydroxymethylanthraquinone) and its 2-ethyl ether gave values of 70 and 82
      revertants per nmol, respectively, with strain TA100 (and microsomes in the case
      of the ether). A number of glycosides of mutagenic hydroxyanthraquinones were
      found to be nonmutagenic in the standard assay procedure, but could be activated
      by incorporation of cell-free sonic extracts of rat cecal bacteria, e.g.,
      alizarin-2-O-beta-D-glycoside, emodin-1 (8)-monoglucoside and lucidin-3-O
      primveroside. Over one-third of the benzanthrones tested were frameshift mutagens
      for Salmonella; the most potent response of 64 revertants/nmol was obtained with
      3-p-toluidinobenzanthrone and microsomal activation in strain TA98.

PMID- 370587
TI  - Abdominal surgery (third of three parts).

PMID- 370586
TI  - Ineffectiveness of ascorbic acid therapy in nephropathic cystinosis.
AB  - Because high concentrations of ascorbic acid (0.57 mM) lower the free
      (nonprotein) cystine content of cultured cystinotic skin fibroblasts by over 50
      per cent, we did a double-blind clinical trial to establish whether this drug
      would benefit cystinotic children. Sixty-four patients were randomized into the
      study; 32 received ascorbic acid (200 mg per kilogram of body weight per day),
      and 32 placebo. The study was terminated after approximately two years because
      there was no indication that vitamin C was beneficial and accumulating evidence
      that it might be harmful. Of 11 patients who left the study because of death or
      the requirement for dialysis or renal transplantation, eight were receiving
      ascorbic acid. The estimated relative risk (treatment vs. control) of an adverse
      event was R = 2.7, with a 90 per cent confidence interval of (0.8, 11.5). The
      serum creatinine concentration increased 0.53 mg per deciliter per year in
      patients receiving vitamin C and 0.24 mg per deciliter per year in patients
      receiving placebo (P = 0.08).

PMID- 370589
TI  - Results of renal transplantation.

PMID- 370588
TI  - The Marfan syndrome: diagnosis and management.

PMID- 370590
TI  - Case 49-1978.

PMID- 370591
TI  - President Carter's medical problem.

PMID- 370592
TI  - Free "small" and IgG-associated "large" hepatitis B e antigen in the serum and
      glomerular capillary walls of two patients with membranous glomerulonephritis.
AB  - Nephrotic syndrome developed in two children who carried hepatitis B virus. Both
      their serums contained hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B e antigen
      (HBeAg).  Two physicochemically and immunologically different categories of HBeAg
      activity were identified in their serums--i.e., small molecular (free) and large
      molecular (associated with IgG). Their kidney-biopsy specimens disclosed
      pathologic changes typical of membranous glomerulonephritis. By a fluorescent
      antibody technic, HBeAg was found to be deposited in diffuse granular fashion,
      along glomerular capillary walls together with IgG and beta1C, but no deposition
      of hepatitis B surface antigen was detected. The presence of HBeAg in association
      with IgG both in the serum and in the kidneys of these patients suggests that
      HBeAg caused membranous glomerulonephritis by inducing the formation and
      deposition of immune complexes.

PMID- 370594
TI  - Laboratory diagnosis of Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

PMID- 370593
TI  - Causes of the excessive rates of perinatal mortality and prematurity in
      pregnancies complicated by maternal urinary-tract infections.
AB  - The study was undertaken to determine the causes of the more frequent pre-term
      deliveries, fetal and neonatal deaths associated with maternal urinary-tract
      infections during pregnancy. The combined perinatal mortality rate for eight
      common placental and fetal disorders was 42 per thousand births in the infected
      vs. 21 per thousand in the noninfected, owing to a greater mortality from
      noninfectious placental and fetal disorders in the gestations with the urinary
      tract infections (P less than 0.001). All the mortality excess took place when
      the urinary-tract infections occurred within 15 days of delivery. Death rates
      were highest when the urinary-tract infections coexisted with maternal
      hypertension and acetonuria.Hydramnios, amniotic-fluid bacterial infections and
      abruptio placentae were responsible for two thirds of the more frequent preterm
      deliveries in the pregnancies complicated by urinary-tract infections.

PMID- 370595
TI  - More on the VA system: a comment from the new chief medical director.

PMID- 370596
TI  - Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and human leukocyte antigen linkage: differentiation
      of two forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
AB  - To determine whether hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is associated with a human
      leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotype, we tissue-typed 70 unrelated afflicted
      patients and 86 of their asymptomatic family members (from nine separate
      kindreds). Forty-five per cent of the white patients had B-12 antigen as compared
      to 23 per cent in matched control subjects; 69 per cent of black patients had a B
      5-complex antigen as compared to 33 per cent in matched controls. Patients with a
      B-12 or B-5-complex antigen were nonhypertensive and had family members with the
      disease. Patients without these antigens were severely hypertensive and had no
      affected family members. Linkage analysis of six families revealed a lod score of
      7.7 for asymmetric septal hypertrophy and the HLA region of chromosome 6. We
      conclude that there is a heritable, nonhypertensive form of hypertrophic
      cardiomyopathy linked to the HLA loci on chromosome 6 and that a sporadic form is
      associated with severe, systemic hypertension.

PMID- 370597
TI  - Serratia marcescens: historical perspective and clinical review.

PMID- 370598
TI  - Tobacco and health: a societal challenge.

PMID- 370599
TI  - An appreciation of Isaac Starr.

PMID- 370600
TI  - Isolation and rapid identification of yeasts from compromised hosts.
AB  - In order to improve the isolation and identification of yeasts in a cancer
      research hospital, a protocol was developed utilizing an improved blood culture
      methodology and a four-test schema for rapid yeast identification. The blood
      culturing technique, based upon centrifugation, has shown a ten-fold increase in
      isolation of fungi from blood and has provided for: quantitation or organisms,
      unlimited selection of media and atmospheres for primary culturing, and a 1:200
      dilution of microorganisms away from serum antimicrobial factors and antibiotics.
      The four-test schema, which may be adapted for the identification of any unknown
      yeast in pure culture, consists of a dye pour plate auxanogram (DPPA), Tween 80
      Oxgall-Caffeic acid (TOC), a rapid nitrate-reductase test (swab test) and Urea
      'R' Broth. Using this protocol, over 95% of the clinical isolates received were
      correctly identified within 24 hours and 100% by 48 hours. By using DPPA, a 14
      sugar assimilation pattern for each isolate was determined within 12 to 16 hours;
      and in some cases, as little as 6 hours. Growth on TOC yielded one of the
      following results: (1) Candida albicans and Candida stellatoidea sequentially
      produced germ tubes and chlamydospores in 3 hours and 24 hours, respectively; (2)
      Cryptococcus neoformans produced a brown pigment specific for its identification
      in 12 hours or less. The swab test gave results on nitrate utilization in less
      than 15 minutes and urease was detected within 4 hours.

PMID- 370601
TI  - Basidiomycetes as agents of human infections: a review.

PMID- 370602
TI  - Fungal toxins as a parasitic factor responsible for the establishment of fungal
      infections.
AB  - Although the mechanism of fungal infections, particularly that of opportunistic
      fungus infections, has been studied extensively, much still remains to be
      clarified. As is the case of certain bacterial infections, it has long been
      assumed by numerous investigators that some toxins, enzymes and other metabolites
      produced in vitro as well as in vivo by pathogenic fungi or their cellular
      constituents might be responsible for the establishment of fungal infections.
      However, there are very few papers which deal with isolation and/or
      characterization of pathogenic fungus-derived toxins, particularly those of high
      molecular weight, to sufficiently meet various criteria for toxins including
      etiopathological ability. Likewise, it has been speculated that certain enzymes
      produced by pathogenic fungi are related to the pathogenesis of infections with
      the fungi implicated, but no direct evidence has been provided. It is commonly
      held by researchers concerned with medical mycology that the lowering of specific
      and/or nonspecific resistance of a host to pathogenic fungi is a prerequisite for
      the establishment of infections, particularly opportunistic infections. However,
      it is also accepted that if a given fungus possesses no parasite factors (e.g.
      toxigenicity, invasiveness and others), it would be unable to initiate infection
      even when the host is in a severe immunodeficient state. This is supported by our
      recent studies working with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and some other so-called
      nonpathogenic yeasts (unpublished data). Based on these considerations, the
      author and his co-workers have attempted to isolate several high and low
      molecular weight toxins in a pure state from virulent strains of Candida albicans
      and Aspergillus fumigatus as opportunist. Studies have also been made on the
      etiopathological roles of some successfully isolated toxins in infections with
      the fungi implicated (46). In addition to our experimental results, general
      concepts in fungal toxins, particularly those related to such toxins as isolated
      in our laboratory are outlined. Since opportunistic fungus infections have
      created a global problem because of their world-wide prevalence, a sharp
      demarcation between the so-called pathogenic and nonpathogenic fungi has become
      vague. Despite this situation, two terms are conventionally used throughout this
      paper.

PMID- 370603
TI  - The in vitro interactions of Candida albicans with nonspecific serum proteins.

PMID- 370604
TI  - Virulence genetics of Aspergillus nidulans Eidam: a review.
AB  - Studies of the influence of genotypic alterations on the murine virulence of
      Aspergillus nidulans Eidam are reviewed to emphasize the potential of this fungus
      for genetic studies of virulence.

PMID- 370606
TI  - Fungi that produce mycotoxins: conditions and occurrence.

PMID- 370605
TI  - Biological activities of mycotoxins.

PMID- 370608
TI  - Citations from the recent literature.

PMID- 370607
TI  - Epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans.
AB  - The concept of the epidemiology of Cryptococcus neoformans as the causative agent
      of cryptococcosis and as a basidiomycetous yeast is based on the fact that bird
      manure has been until now its only known habitat but not plant material which
      likewise harbours various nonpathogenic Cryptococcus species. It could be shown
      that the possible influence of nutritional factors on the morphology and
      morphogenesis earns attention not only in view of the epidemiology of C.
      neoformans but of its perfect states, too.

PMID- 370609
TI  - Genetic manipulation: Britain may exempt "self-cloning".

PMID- 370610
TI  - Movement of microorganisms in viscous environments.

PMID- 370611
TI  - Deficient production of tyramine and octopamine in cases of depression.

PMID- 370612
TI  - In vivo proteolytic cleavage of colicins requires specific receptor binding.

PMID- 370613
TI  - [New aspects of insulin production].

PMID- 370615
TI  - Katherine Hunter Anderson, M.D.

PMID- 370614
TI  - Pheromones are involved in the control of sexual behaviour in birds.

PMID- 370616
TI  - Complications of cytotoxic antineoplastic chemotherapy.

PMID- 370617
TI  - [Clinical application of corticosteroids for acceleration of fetal lung
      maturity].

PMID- 370618
TI  - [A simple laboratory test for the detection of antispermatozoa-antibodies in
      males and females].

PMID- 370619
TI  - [Look before you leap; tumor of the thoracic wall].

PMID- 370620
TI  - [Urologic cytology].

PMID- 370621
TI  - Group B streptococcal infections in neonates.

PMID- 370622
TI  - [50th anniversary of the founding of the "Der Nervenarzt"].

PMID- 370623
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Wilhelm Tonnis (12 September 1978)].

PMID- 370624
TI  - Clinical significance of circulating immune complexes detection in chronic
      glomerulonephritis.
AB  - Sera from 168 patients with various types of chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) were
      assayed for immune complexes (IC) by two independent methods, a modification of
      the PEG precipitation test (PEG) and the inhibition of complement-dependent
      lymphocyte rosette formation (RI). Both assays had different reactivities, the RI
      being more sensitive than the PEG test. Higher percentages of positivity of these
      tests were observed in the GN groups than in normal controls. However serial
      measurements demonstrated that IC were present only intermittently in most
      instances. The presence of IC correlated with disease activity in patients with
      focal glomerulosclerosis membranous GN and membranoproliferative GN, while in
      lupus erythematosus it reflected the effects of different treatment regimens
      although it had no relationship with clinical symptoms. Nevertheless, our results
      suggest that these tests are of little help to the clinician to appreciate
      disease activity and monitor therapy in individual GN patients.

PMID- 370625
TI  - High Rates of controlled ultrafiltration combined with optimal diffusion: recent
      advances in hemodialysis technique.
AB  - A system which permits high rates of middle molecule removal while preserving the
      removal of low molecular weight substances is described. It consists of a high
      fluid flux hollow fiber artificial kidney and an ultrafiltration controller. When
      used in combination, high rates of convective transport can be achieved through
      rapid ultrafiltration and reconstitution of blood with physiologic salt
      solutions. The theoretical impact of changing from conventional dialysis to this
      form of therapy on the body burden of middle molecules is estimated.

PMID- 370626
TI  - Interrelationship of time of dialysis-dependent uremia and pretransplant blood
      transfusions.
AB  - In a consecutive series of 167 renal allotransplants, a statistically significant
      correlation was found between the number of pretransplant blood transfusions and
      the time of dialysis-dependent uremia. This correlation suggests that one
      possible explanation for the association of a beneficial effect of pretransplant
      blood transfusions with allograft survival may be in part due to the prolongation
      of uremia, which is a well-known immunosupressive factor. This begs the question
      of whether the transfusion-dialysis time association promotes a further selection
      factor leaving sensitized patients waiting for longer periods of time for
      transplants or unable to receive transplants at all. Whether the transfusion and
      the favorable prognosis association is also related to other specific
      immunological mechanisms remains to be proven.

PMID- 370627
TI  - Immunologic monitoring of transplant rejection: correlation of in vitro assays
      with morphologic changes on transplant biopsy.
AB  - The assays of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (LMC), antibody-dependent cell
      mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) were
      correlated with histopathologic criteria of refection in 35 transplant biopsies.
      A positive LMC was seen with 6/8 biopsies showing moderate to severe cellular
      rejection and in 8/17 with mild cellular rejection. Positive ADCC and/or CDC
      assays were associated with 14/14 biopsies containing rejection vasculitis. These
      results suggest that selected in vitro assays may be useful in monitoring the
      immunologic events occurring in the rejecting allograft.

PMID- 370628
TI  - Blood pressure behaviour in patients with malignant hypertension submitted to
      kidney transplantation.
AB  - The authors investigated post-renal transplantation hypertension behaviour in 20
      patients with primary malignant hypertension (PMH), in 42 patients with secondary
      malignant hypertension (SMH) and in 62 controls (without malignant hypertension).
      All cases of malignant hypertension required removal of primary kidneys, either
      before or after transplantation. Hypertension was noticed at different periods of
      the post-renal transplantation phase, in 93% of PMH cases, 90% of SMH cases and
      in only 31% of the controls. After a period of time following transplantation, a
      decrease of hypertension incidence in the SMH and control groups was noticed, and
      persistence of hypertension was observed in the PMH group. The long-term
      development of PMH patients was worse than that of the other two groups.

PMID- 370629
TI  - Hyperreninemia during renal transplantation.
AB  - 18 patients undergoing renal transplantation were studied prospectively to
      determine the incidence and mechanism of blood pressure elevations which
      sometimes occur after release of vascular clamps from the grafts. No patients
      became as severely hypertensive as noted in previous reports. A weak, but
      statistically significant (r=0.56, p less than 0.05) positive correlation was
      found between changes in plasma renin activity and small incremental changes in
      blood pressure. 2 patients in whom the greatest change in renin occurred showed
      little or no increase in blood pressure. In view of the small blood pressure
      changes seen in the face of significant changes in plasma renin activity, it
      appears unlikely that acute hyperreninemia alone is sufficient explanation for
      postdeclamping hypertension which is sometimes observed during renal
      transplantation.

PMID- 370630
TI  - A longitudinal study of bone disease after successful renal transplantation.
AB  - A retrospective study of 100 patients followed for 1-4 years after successful
      renal transplantation was undertaken to assess the amelioration of previously
      present metabolic bone disease and to determine the risk factors associated with
      the development of osteonecrosis. 42% of patients showed some evidence of bony
      abnormality. Following transplantation, there was slow but progressive resolution
      in the X-ray changes of hyperparathyroidism but not of osteoporosis. 14% of
      patients developed osteonecrosis in the posttransplant period with the femoral
      head the most common site involved (72% of patients). Osteonecrosis could not be
      related to average steroid dose, number of steroid pulses, or the preexistence of
      metabolic bone disease.

PMID- 370631
TI  - Nephrology in the tropical setting.
AB  - The pattern of renal disease and its basic principles of management are
      essentially the same in the tropics as in the temperate environment.
      Glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis with concomitant hypertension account for
      most cases of renal failure. Malaria is now well recognised as a cause of the
      nephrotic syndrome. Economic and manpower factors dictate a conservative approach
      to therapy. Maintenance haemodialysis and renal transplantation are not realistic
      in the present context, having regard to the order of priorities in health care
      delivery.

PMID- 370632
TI  - A clinical and immunopathologic dissection of rapidly progressive
      glomerulonephritis.
AB  - This contribution seeks to illustrate the immunopathogenetic complexities of the
      syndrome of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. As with most of the clinical
      syndromes of glomerular disease, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis may be
      dissected into a number of categories based upon combinations of clinical,
      morphologic and immunologic observations. It has been demonstrated that such
      observations have an important bearing on the natural history, prognosis and
      treatment of this syndrome. Much remains to be learned, particularly with respect
      to etiological factors, the genesis of extracapillary proliferation and the means
      of modifying or preventing these diseases.

PMID- 370634
TI  - John P. Merrill. The father of nephrology as a craft.

PMID- 370633
TI  - Publications of John P. Merrill.

PMID- 370635
TI  - Metabolism of polypeptide hormones by the normal kidney and in uremia.
AB  - Recent work from our laboratory on the mechanism of polypeptide hormone handling
      by the normal kidney and the pathogenesis of altered hormonal metabolism in renal
      failure is reviewed. The kidney extracts substantial amounts of low - and medium 
      molecular weight polypeptide hormones from the renal circulation by a process
      which probably involves both glomerular filtration plus luminal reabsorption and
      direct peritubular uptake, although the relative contribution of the two
      mechanisms under physiologic conditions is not known. The bulk of the extracted
      hormone is catabolized in the renal parenchyma since urinary excretion is
      negligible. Renal catabolism contributes an important fraction of the total
      metabolic clearance of polypeptide hormones, which accounts in part for their
      increased circulating levels in renal failure. Since certain hormones are
      heterogenous and a large proportion of their plasma immunoreactivity may consist
      of components of uncertain biologic activity, simple correlations between
      circulating hormone levels and endocrine abnormalities in uremia are hazardous.

PMID- 370636
TI  - [Diagnosis in the Knidos manuscript "De internis affectionibus"].

PMID- 370637
TI  - [Diagnosis in the Middle Ages].

PMID- 370638
TI  - [Professor Franz Anton Stebler as expert witness of the miracle cure at
      Appersdorf].

PMID- 370640
TI  - [Astrologic diagnosis and prognosis].

PMID- 370639
TI  - [Late Babylonic medical texts from Uruk].

PMID- 370641
TI  - [Diagnosis by Vicent Priessnitz. Analysis of his patient material from the years
      1829-1839].

PMID- 370642
TI  - [Diagnosis and etiology of plague by Felix Platter (1536-1614)].

PMID- 370643
TI  - [Pathogenesis, diagnosis and prognosis of apoplexy by Johann Jakob Wepfer
      (1658)].

PMID- 370644
TI  - [Pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of thrombophlebitis from a historical point
      of view].

PMID- 370645
TI  - [Semeiotics and diagnosis in the lectures of Carl von Linne on his "Systema
      Morborum"].

PMID- 370646
TI  - [Principal ideas of diagnosis and semeiotics in French medicine of the 18th and
      early 19th century].

PMID- 370647
TI  - [Problems of medical diagnosis as the basis for therapy at the end of the 18th
      and during the first half of the 19th century].

PMID- 370648
TI  - [Semmelweis and the Hungarian school of medicine from the standpoint of
      diagnostic accomplishments].

PMID- 370649
TI  - [Contributions of the University of Pavia to the microscopic diagnosis of
      ancylostomiasis, malaria and rabies by Battista Grassi, Camillo Golgi and Adelchi
      Negri].

PMID- 370650
TI  - [Adriano Sturli (1873-1964) as researcher and physician].

PMID- 370651
TI  - [Detection of a cycle in desquamative human vaginal epithelium].

PMID- 370652
TI  - [Animal experiments and surgical diagnosis].

PMID- 370653
TI  - [Significance of diagnosis for the development of heart surgery].

PMID- 370654
TI  - [Historical medical aspects of neurostatus].

PMID- 370655
TI  - [History of the diagnosis of the ancient Egyptian eye disease "trachoma"].

PMID- 370656
TI  - [Rumanian contributions to the diagnosis of neurologic diseases].

PMID- 370657
TI  - [Diagnosis in general practice. Contribution on present-day history  of 
      medicine].

PMID- 370658
TI  - [Glamor and misery of psychiatric diagnosis].

PMID- 370659
TI  - [Schopenhauer's comments on medical diagnosis].

PMID- 370660
TI  - [The physician and his mirror. Optical iatrotechnic as a diagnostic base and
      legitimate reason for modern occupational trademarks].

PMID- 370661
TI  - [Diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine].

PMID- 370662
TI  - [Historical significance of the x-ray ship "Misigssut" in the control of
      tuberculosis in Greenland].

PMID- 370663
TI  - [The history of clinical enzyme diagnosis and its natural science assumptions].

PMID- 370664
TI  - [Diagnosis of mortality in Southern Sweden 1749-1801].

PMID- 370665
TI  - [Diagnosis in the 19th century on the basis of quantifying studies of medical
      journals].

PMID- 370666
TI  - [Chinese pulse diagnosis in the 17th century in Europe].

PMID- 370667
TI  - [Development of diagnostic methods in the school health services of Berlin with
      special reference to diagnostic tables].

PMID- 370668
TI  - [The significance of Chinese pulse theory for diagnosis as based on the Persian
      manuscript Tanksuqname-i I1-Han dar Funun-i Ulum-i Hita'i from the year 1313
      A.D].

PMID- 370669
TI  - [Diagnostic principles of traditional Chinese medicine and their evaluation by
      Japanese physicians in the 17th and 18th century].

PMID- 370670
TI  - ["Diagnosis" and "diagignoskein". Disease recognition in the Corpus
      Hippocraticum].

PMID- 370672
TI  - Distribution and release of adenosine triphosphate in rat brain.
AB  - The steady-state level of brain ATP was measured after the tissue had been
      treated with a focused microwave irradiation system. The brain ATP content (1.50
      nmol/mg tissue) obtained by microwave fixation is similar to that observed by
      others using fast-freezing and microwave fixation techniques. The concentrations
      of ATP in different brain regions show a rather uniform distribution, ranging
      from 1.918 +/- 0.059 (brainstem) to 2.393 +/- 0.19 (caudate) nmol/mg tissue;
      however, insufficient microwave fixation time seems to produce a greater regional
      variation of ATP. Release of ATP was investigated by placing a cup on the sensory
      motor cortex. The rate for basal release of ATP is 1.43 +/- 0.14
      femtomole/min/mm(2). A 30-fold increase in ATP release was obtained by direct
      stimulation of the cortex with 5 mA pulses of 0.2 msec duration at a rate of
      20/sec over a period of 10 min. These results, in conjunction with others
      describing the potent pharmacological action of the nucleotide, seem to suggest
      that ATP could be a mediator in a "purinergic" system in the CNS.

PMID- 370671
TI  - Vertebrate GABA receptors.
AB  - Physiologic-pharmacologic studies in vivo and with tissue cultures have revealed
      that synaptic GABA receptors exist in the vertebrate CNS. The GABA antagonist,
      bicuculline, can be used to detect synaptic GABA receptors in both the presence
      and absence of Na+, even though GABA binding to cerebral subcellular fractions
      occurs mainly to transport (uptake) receptors in the presence of Na+.

PMID- 370673
TI  - Tethering of the conus medullaris by lipoma.

PMID- 370674
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Jerzy Bieniasz (14 April 1920-28 May 1978)].

PMID- 370675
TI  - [Preliminary evaluation of Depakine effects in epilepsy].
AB  - Depakine Labaz in doses from 30 to 1200 mg daily was given to 52 patients in an
      outpatient clinic. In 13% of cases symptoms of drug intolerance developed and the
      treatment had to be discontinued. In 45 cases treatment was continued. The drug
      was given usually to patients refractory to previous drugs, with evidence of
      organic brain disease. The highest degree of clinical improvement was observed in
      patients with grand mal seizures and seizures without convulsions. The influence
      of this treatment of partial complex seizures was slightly smaller. The number of
      patients treated was too small for evaluation of the effects in partial simple
      seizures. The total proportion of improved patients was about 60%. In EEG curves
      normalization of background activity was the most frequent findings, without
      appearance of rapid activity. In some cases manifestation of focal changes was
      observed. The favourable effect of Depakine on seizure activity manifested itself
      in later period of treatment and was slight. The drug had a favourable effect on
      the wellbeing of patients and had no significant toxic effect in the liver or
      kidneys.

PMID- 370676
TI  - [Long-term electrical stimulation of the posterior funiculi in patients with
      multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 370677
TI  - [Neurology in the City of Lodz].

PMID- 370678
TI  - Luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF) and reproductive behavior in male
      doves exposed to long and short photoperiods.
AB  - In order to determine whether the variable degree of nest-building behavior
      displayed by male doves exposed to different photoregimes is related to
      differences in luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF) levels, androgen
      treated castrates held on long (16L:8D) or short (8L:16D) daylengths were treated
      with 20 microgram LRF or saline daily. Birds in both groups exhibited higher
      levels of initial courtship and nest-building when held on long days. LRF
      treatment had no effect on any of the behavior patterns examined. The results
      suggest that photoperiod does not affect reproductive behavior in male doves
      through changes in endogenous levels of LRF.

PMID- 370679
TI  - [Development of therapeutic neuroradiology (author's transl)].
AB  - While therapeutic endovascular occlusions date from as early as 1904, it is in
      the last 20 years that therapeutic neutroradiology has come into its own.
      Progress has been made in four directions. (1) Embolization has developed from
      the original technique involving arteriotomy, through percutaneous methods, to
      present-day superselective catheterization. Concurrently, the materials used have
      been improved: from nonmalleable muscle and Silastic balls, to malleable Spongel
      and dura mater, and most recently to polymerizable fluid plastic substances. The
      possibility of obstructing very narrow vessels extends the range of indications
      of embolization. (2) Balloon catheters have been developed, first with
      nondetachable balloons (1971), more recently with detachable ones (1974). (3)
      Other techniques may be used to produce a therapeutic thrombosis, e.g.,
      endovascular electrocoagulation and thermocoagulation. (4) Foreign bodies may be
      extracted safely by catheterization. Further development of techniques should
      ensure a growing importance for therapeutic neuroradiology in the future.

PMID- 370680
TI  - CT studies in patients operated with stereotaxic thalamotomies.
AB  - CT has been used in controlling stereotaxic thalamotomies in patients with
      movement disorders. The results obtained in 12 such patients, with early and
      delayed scans, are presented.

PMID- 370681
TI  - Stereotaxic exploration in 200 supratentorial brain tumors. Its value in addition
      to computerized tomography.
AB  - The authors emphasize the advantages of stereotaxic methodology in the management
      of 200 brain tumors. Nowadays computerized tomography is the first stage of
      radiologic diagnosis. Both CT scan and stereotaxic examination have been carried
      out in more than 35% of these tumors. Rather than a comparison of the two
      examinations, the authors' purpose is to attempt to demonstrate their
      complementarity in the assessment of location, volume, and nature of the lesion
      and eventually in the choice of a therapeutic attitude. Analysis of topographic
      data and staged biopsies, gathered from the 'stereotaxic space,' provides the
      neurosurgeon with accurate information for planned surgical excision or
      interstitial irradiation.

PMID- 370682
TI  - Immunohistochemical evidence of myosin in peripheral nerves and spinal cord of
      the rat.

PMID- 370683
TI  - Enkephalin immunoreactive nerve fibres and cell bodies in sympathetic ganglia of
      the guinea-pig and rat.

PMID- 370684
TI  - PAM cell assay as a tests for multiple-sclerosis associated agent.
AB  - Contrary to previous reports, no evidence for a multiple sclerosis-associated
      agent (MSAA) was obtained when coded brain samples from multiple sclerosis
      patients and controls were tested in PAM cells.

PMID- 370685
TI  - Double-blind study of modified neurotoxin in motor neuron disease.
AB  - In a double-blind study, we evaluated the intramuscular administration of
      modified neurotoxin in 48 patients who were treated for 6 months. There was no
      evidence to support claims that patients receive any benefit from the neurotoxin.
      A significant number of patients had minor functional improvement, often of a
      transient nature, but these manifestations were more common in the placebo
      treated patients than in those receiving neurotoxin. These variations in the
      course of motor neuron disease have not been stressed in the previous literature.

PMID- 370687
TI  - Effects of valproate and ethosuximide on thalamocortical excitability.
AB  - Sodium valproate and ethosuximide are anticonvulsants employed in the treatment
      of petit mal epilepsy; both drugs are considered to be thalamically active.
      Valproate and ethosuximide both decreased the average evoked response following
      the second of two stimuli delivered to the ventrolateral thalamus at stimulus
      frequencies in the region of 3 Hz. Ethosuximide, but not valproate, enhanced the
      average evoked response at high stimulus frequencies an action shared with
      several convulsant treatments having different modes of action. The clinical
      effects of valproate and ethosuximide can be related to this differential
      modulation of thalamocortical excitability.

PMID- 370686
TI  - Listeria monocytogenes: brain abscess or meningoencephalitis?
AB  - A brain abscess caused by Listeria monocytogenes developed in an immunosuppressed
      renal transplant patient. Meningitis and meningoencephalitis from this organism
      were encountered in three other renal transplant recipients at this medical
      center during the past 4 years. Focal neurologic deficits occurred in patients
      with either Listeria abscess or meningoencephalitis. Computerized tomography was
      a rapid aid to the diagnosis of abscess. Immunosuppression has increased the
      incidence of central nervous system Listeria infections, but ampicillin still
      provides effective treatment, even when immunosuppressive therapy is continued.
      Limited experience with Listeria brain abscess suggests that surgical
      intervention improves the prognosis.

PMID- 370688
TI  - [Ewa Osetowska (1919-1978)].

PMID- 370690
TI  - Different methods of preparating microsporidian spores (Prototozoa,
      Cnidosporidia) for the scanning electron microscope.

PMID- 370689
TI  - Computer analysis of stained chromatin on malpighian tubes of Triatoma infestans
      Klug (hemiptera, reduviidae).

PMID- 370692
TI  - The very fine art of collecting culture specimens.

PMID- 370691
TI  - [A 16th century formulary: G. B. Zapata's "Marvelous medical and surgical
      secrets..."].

PMID- 370693
TI  - Urogenital drawings by Leonardo da Vinci.

PMID- 370694
TI  - Guillaume de Baillou, M.D. (1538-1616): portrait of a sixteenth-century
      Renaissance pathfinder.

PMID- 370695
TI  - Obituary. James Chrysostom Dore.

PMID- 370696
TI  - The transfer of antibiotic resistance by R plasmids in Shigellae.
AB  - Forty-five strains of Shigella species isolated at Auckland Hospital from 1972-
      1974 were investigated for antibiotic resistance. Forty-two strains were
      resistant to one or more antibiotics and 11 strains transferred antibiotic
      resistance by conjugation to E. coli.

PMID- 370698
TI  - An interview with William E. Reynolds, State Dental Medicaid Director.

PMID- 370697
TI  - Gerald H. Leatherman to receive DSSNY's Jarvie-Burkhart Award.

PMID- 370700
TI  - The quarrymen who built their own hospital.

PMID- 370701
TI  - Bernardino Ramazzini (1633-1714).

PMID- 370699
TI  - Adolescent contraceptive use: current status of practice and research.

PMID- 370702
TI  - [Papain phonophoresis in the treatment of eye diseases].

PMID- 370703
TI  - [History of zemstvo ophthalmology].

PMID- 370704
TI  - Selective inhibition of leukocyte adherence in women with breast cancer using a
      variety of tissue extracts.
AB  - Leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) tests for the assessment of tumor immunity
      in vitro have been based on the assumption that the adherence of the leukocytes
      is inhibited by specific interaction with an antigenic tumor extract. However,
      loss of leukocyte adherence could depend on several non-immunological factors
      including disease state of the leukocyte donor and the presence of a variety of
      agents, proteins or tissue extracts. We have studied LAI , therefore, using
      different species and concentrations of serum protein or tissue extracts. Our
      results show that leukocytes from patients with a variety of diseases adhere to
      glass in a rather consistent fashion. High concentrations of serum protein or
      tissue extract inhibited leukocyte adherence. 39 breast cancer patients and 38
      female controls were studied with a total of 23 solubilized extracts from breast
      carcinoma, other tumor and non-tumor tissues. Breast cancer patients showed
      selective LAI in the presence of 200 microgram per test tube of several breast
      carcinoma extracts.

PMID- 370705
TI  - Retroperitoneal lymphoma involving pancreas--complementary radionuclide scan and
      ultrasonography.
AB  - Radionuclide emisssion tomography and ultrasonography were obtained on a patient
      with recurrent epigastric pain. In the pancreatic region an ultrasonic scan
      revealed a conglomerated mass. Following administration of Se-75
      selenomethionine, the multiplane longitudinal tomographic scan demonstrated
      marked concentration of activity in the region of the pancreas which corresponded
      to a large defect in the hilus of the liver observed on prior liver-spleen scan
      with Tc-99m sulfur colloid. Surgery revealed a poorly differentiated histiocytic
      lymphoma in the retroperitoneum. The radionuclide and echographic scans of the
      retroperitoneal lymphomas briefly discussed, and their complementary role as a
      diagnostic tool stressed.

PMID- 370706
TI  - The clinical evaluation of 9-0 and 10-0 monofilament Polyglactin 910 absorbable
      suture for corneal surgery.
AB  - The 9-0 or 10-0 monofilament Polyglactin 910 absorbable (Vicryl) suture was
      utilized in combination with 10-0 nylon suture for 35 patients undergoing corneal
      surgery in order to evaluate the clinical usefulness of a very fine absorbable
      suture material. The maintenance of wound approximation, degree of tissue
      reaction, and rate of absorption were observed along with any adverse effects.
      Adequate wound closure was maintained in all cases. Little tissue reaction was
      present in the cornea although a slightly increased healing time was observed for
      the corneal epithelium in five cases. Absorption was complete within six weeks.
      The clinical usefulness appears to be in patients who might avoid an additional
      general anesthetic for suture removal by using the absorbable 10-0 Vicryl for
      small corneal lacerations and incisions.

PMID- 370707
TI  - Lamellar keratoplasty in the treatment of keratoconus: conectomy.
AB  - The first 52 eyes of 48 keratoconus patients treated with conectomy and followed
      for a period of time ranging from 6 to 48 months are included in this study. An
      average change in the refractive power of the cornea of 10.3 diopters was found
      after conectomy. The mode for the best corrected visual acuity was 20/30, and the
      average corneal astigmatism was 3.00 diopters. Photodiagnosis evaluation,
      microsurgical techniques and instrumentation monofilament nylon, use of the donor
      cornea minus the endothelium and improved postoperative refractive techniques
      have combined to make conectomy a reliable and successful form of treatment in
      keratoconus patients. Both penetrating keratoplasty and conectomy techniques have
      proven to be successful in the surgical management of keratoconus, and it is the
      surgeon's responsibility to determine the appropriate approach for the
      keratoconus patient. Both of these procedures will continue to be refined as
      ophthalmic technology and surgical skills improve.

PMID- 370708
TI  - Cephalosporium endophthalmitis following penetrating keratoplasty.
AB  - A 69-year-old male with chronic herpes simplex keratitis underwent penetrating
      keratoplasty, using cryopreserved tissue. Seven weeks postoperatively the patient
      developed cephalosporium endophthalmitis. Intensive medical and surgical therapy
      was unsuccessful and the eye had to be enucleated within three weeks.
      Cephalosporium species are isolated more often in intraocular infection than from
      corneal ulceration. Although favorable response to Amphotericin-B and Primaricin
      has been reported, the final outcome has been unfavorable in most of these cases.

PMID- 370709
TI  - Donor corneal endothelium: slit-lamp examination of buttons in storage medium.
AB  - The integrity of the corneal endothelium is vital to the maintenance of a clear
      graft. The slit-lamp examination of the cornea from the endothelial surface, as
      described, allows the exclusion from transplantation of buttons with obvious
      endothelial trauma or disease. The use of this method at the Wilmer Institute
      during the last four years has been part of the preoperative assessment of all
      corneal donor buttons and has helped to reduce the rate of early graft failure.

PMID- 370710
TI  - A method for ipsilateral rotational autokeratoplasty.
AB  - Rotational ipsilateral penetrating autokeratoplasty is useful in the treatment of
      certain nonprogressive corneal scars. The procedure alleviates difficulties with
      the availability of donor tissue and with graft rejection. A method is presented
      for determining the maximum clear central corneal area that can be obtained by
      rotational autokeratoplasty and the most appropriate trephine size and placement.
      Two dimensions must be obtained either at the slit lamp or from photographs: the
      diameter of the largest circle of clear cornea and the shortest distance from the
      edge of this circle (edge of the scar) to the center of the cornea. An
      illustrative case is presented.

PMID- 370712
TI  - Gutta-percha points of apicoectomy. To push or to pull?
AB  - A gutta-percha root-filling point placed during apicoectomy may be condensed by
      the application of pressure to its coronal end or tension to its apical end.
      Scanning electron microscopy clearly demonstrates the effect that these
      techniques have on the adaptation of the root filling to the canal. The pressure
      method would appear to produce the more satisfactory result.

PMID- 370714
TI  - [Nikolai Ivanovich Kondrashin].

PMID- 370713
TI  - [Clinical polymorphism of dysplastic scoliosis].

PMID- 370711
TI  - A review of chemotherapeutic plaque control.
AB  - Of the plaque-control agents studied, it would appear that chlorhexidine is the
      most suitable agent to prevent plaque accumulation and the development of
      gingivitis. It also is attractive to speculate on the possibilities of a
      commercially available mouthwash. A trio of antibiotics--kanamycin, spiramycin,
      and vancomycin--may prove of value in the treatment of severe gingival and
      periodontal disease. The ultimate role of xylitol has yet to be determined.
      Regardless of the agent selected, access to the gingival sulcus region seems
      critical.

PMID- 370715
TI  - [Valentin Izrailevich Fishkin].

PMID- 370716
TI  - [Petr Antonovich Baubinas].

PMID- 370717
TI  - [Nikolai Markianovich Volkovich].

PMID- 370718
TI  - [Arkadii Ivanovich Kaz'min].

PMID- 370719
TI  - [Timofei Andreevich Revenko].

PMID- 370721
TI  - [The 4th of April (International Year of the Child)].

PMID- 370720
TI  - [Laser therapy in traumatology and orthopedics].

PMID- 370722
TI  - [Sensitivity and specificity of the Treponema pallidum hemagglutination test in
      syphilis screening].

PMID- 370723
TI  - [Correction of a large vesicovaginal fistula by Lehoczky's fenestraion flap
      method].

PMID- 370725
TI  - [Historical evaluation of the heredodegeneration theory. II. Karoly Schaffer].

PMID- 370724
TI  - [Tivadar Barsony (1886-1942)].

PMID- 370726
TI  - [Karl Reinhold Wahlfors (1848-1929)].

PMID- 370727
TI  - [Janos Foldi].

PMID- 370728
TI  - [A forgotten medical book from Szbolcs County. Anna Zay: Herbarium (1718)].

PMID- 370729
TI  - [Anatomy of success. 30 years after the death of Axel Munthe].

PMID- 370730
TI  - [Remembering an eminent medical historian: Tibor Gyory, M.D].

PMID- 370731
TI  - [Origins of Hungarian anatomic terminology].

PMID- 370732
TI  - [Miklos Berend].

PMID- 370733
TI  - [In memory of Dezso Miskolczy (1894-1978)].

PMID- 370734
TI  - [150 years since the discovery of ovum in mammals].

PMID- 370735
TI  - [The 1st Hungarian veterinary journal is 100 years old].

PMID- 370736
TI  - [Henrik Mangold].

PMID- 370737
TI  - [Pravaz].

PMID- 370739
TI  - [Insulin mechanisms of action in normal and pathologic states. Recent
      developments].

PMID- 370738
TI  - Treatment of phantom limb pain with muscular relaxation training to disrupt the
      pain--anxiety--tension cycle.
AB  - Sixteen phantom limb pain patients were treated with a combination of (1)
      progressive muscle relaxation exercise, (2) feedback of stump and forehead muscle
      tension, and (3) reassurance about normal phantom sensations and the relationship
      between anxiety and pain. Fourteen of the patients had chronic pain (average of
      12 years) and two were recent amputees (5- and 1-week). At the end of treatment,
      8 of the chronic patients showed virtually complete relief from pain, 4 showed
      significant decreases to a point at which they no longer desired treatment and 2
      showed no significant change. Both recent amputees showed complete relief from
      pain. These changes have been sustained for follow-up period of 6 months to 3
      years. The 2 unsuccessful patients did not learn to relax and had strong
      psychological needs for their pain.

PMID- 370741
TI  - [Structure and ultrastructure of osteoblasts and of the osteoid tissue in Paget's
      disease of bone (author's transl)].
AB  - Light and electron microscope studies of 64 biopsies from patients with Paget's
      bone disease reveal the structure of osteoblasts and osteoid tissue. The
      osteoblasts observed do not differ morphologically from those described in other
      bone diseases and the woven bone shows no specificity. These cells are possibly
      hyperactive and our observations show that such hyperactivity may be consequent
      to the increased and disorganized resorption of lamellar bone tissue by
      osteoclasts which are known to be abnormal. Osteoblasts do not appear to play any
      direct role in the pathogenesis of Paget's bone disease.

PMID- 370740
TI  - [Experimental lymphocytic choriomeningitis of the mouse. Pathologic, virologic
      and electric correlations (author's transl)].
AB  - The brain electrographic activity of mouse experimental LCM has been
      systematically compared with the pathology and the virus growth in brain. There
      is an excellent correlation between anatomic lesions and brain electrographic
      activity which begins in slow waves followed with electric discharges attendant
      upon clinical paroxysms. The different records have been described and a
      physiopathological interpretation of these electroclinical paroxysms is proposed.

PMID- 370742
TI  - [Distribution and correlations of serum uric-acid in two French adult populations
      : 13,885 men and 6,861 women (author's transl)].
AB  - Distributions and correlations of serum uric acid (SUA) were studied in 13.885
      men and 6.861 women who were between the ages of 20 and 90. In men and women the
      distribution of SUA is unimodal. The average SUA value is 628 mg/100 ml (SD :
      1,19) IN MEN AND 5,05 MG/100 ML (SD : 1,10) in women. 27% of the men and 4% of
      the women have a SUA level above 7 mg/100 ml. In men and in women correlations of
      SUA with an obesity index is strong (r = 0,272; r = 0,311). In men partial
      correlations between SUA and age, blood pressure, cholesterolemia, glycemia and
      hemoglobinemia diminish when obesity index is fixed. In women these correlations
      are stronger and do not vary when obesity index is fixed. In men and women the
      correlation between SUA and creatininemia is strong and do not vary when obesity
      index is fixed.

PMID- 370743
TI  - [Eosinophilia and respiratory function in the asthmatic subject (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Total eosinophil count (TEC) was done in 13 normal subjects, in 8 subjects before
      and 90 mn after a "French" breakfast and in 29 asthmatic patients. The geometric
      mean is higher (p less than 0,001) in asthmatic than in normal subjects : 304
      (231-391) versus 144 (101-197). The breakfast does not interfer with the result
      of the TEC. In asthmatic subjects, a significant inverse correlation appears (r =
      0,57, p less than 0,01) between the logarithm of TEC forced expiratory volume in
      one second and the quotient : vital capacity. This correlation persists whatever
      may be the subject's age, the duration of the asthma or age at which he first
      contracted the illness. Asthma appeared after 40 years in 4 of the subjects :
      their TEC was higher (p less than 0,01) than in subjects who had become asthmatic
      before the age of forty. The respiratory function was lowered more in these 4
      patients than in others who had been ill for the same time (p less than 0,001).
      The TEC is not related to results of skin testing with usual inhalant allergens
      (grass pollen, house dust, cat's or dog's dander) or by result of a provocation
      test (by inhalation of allergen). Eosinophilia and bronchial obstruction are
      connected by one (or more) factors that may be inhalant allergens in extrinsec
      asthma and circulating immune complexes in intrinsec asthma.

PMID- 370744
TI  - [Variations in the phagocytic potency of circulating leukocytes from rats which
      received a thermal injury. Effects of an immunostimulation with Corynebacterium
      granulosum (author's transl)].
AB  - Experiments were carried out to study in vitro the variations of phagocytic
      activity of circulating leukocytes from rats which received a thermal injury and
      were either immunostimulated or not by a single iv injection of C. granulosum.
      The thermal injury which was applied at about 10 percent of the body surface was
      of an intermediary type ; it developed towards necrosis before cicatrising on
      about the 30th day. Phagocytic activity was expressed as the percentage of
      "active" phagocytes or of those cells which phagocytosed Sta. aureus and S. typhi
      murium. In not immunostimulated rats, the phagocytic activity was profoundly
      depressed as a result of the thermal injury ; this was most marked at about 8
      days after the thermal injury (close to 38% compared with 80% in control-not
      burned-rats). The phagocytic potency or circulating leukocytes from burned and
      immunostimulated rats corresponded at about the 8th day to that of healthy rats.
      The reported variations are statistically significant, as assessed by the Student
      "t" and X2 tests. Our study showed that those rats which were burned in our
      experimental conditions responded favourably to the immunostimulation. It would
      be interesting to check whether the use of anaerobic corynebacteria in man could
      represent an adjunct treatment of those septic complications which are so
      frequent in severe burns.

PMID- 370745
TI  - [Recent results concerning muscular disorders arising from thyroid gland
      dysfunction (author's transl)].
AB  - The hight number of muscular disorders which may be observed clinically in
      thyroid dysfunction contrast with the paucity of knowledge concerning the
      mechanisms of action of the thyroid hormones. Those which have been described
      allowed the following conclusions to be made : 1) The thyroid hormones
      simultaneously increase the oxydative phosphorylation in mitochondria and the
      activation of glycogen phosphorylase. 2) They modify the properties of cell
      membrane without noticialy changing the cytoplasm (light and electron
      microscopically). These modifications are concommitant with a reduction in
      resting membrane potential associated with anomalies of Na+ conductance and Ca+
      uptake. 3) The appareance and the number of motor units in each muscle is
      dependant on the hormonal impregnation. However, these diverses actions do not
      reveal whether the thyroid hormone receptors are in the muscle or if they act via
      the intermediary of a neuronal trophic factor.

PMID- 370746
TI  - [The classification of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium phages (author's transl)].
AB  - All phages studied are tailed, belong to six morphological groups, and are
      classified by morphological and serological properties and by physico-chemical
      parameters of the virion and its nucleic acid. Four species of Agrobacterium and
      12 species of Rhizobium phages are described, and their relationship with
      enterobacteria phages discussed. They include 68 viruses, whereas 60 poorly known
      phages have not been classified.

PMID- 370747
TI  - [A new family of synthetic immunoregulators: muramyl dipeptide and its analogs].

PMID- 370748
TI  - [Use of hemolysis in gel in the serodiagnosis of rubella. Comparison with
      hemagglutination inhibition].
AB  - The hemolysis in gel test (HIG) was compared with the hemagglutination inhibition
      test (HI). This new test is simple and time-sparing since it does not require
      dilution or serum pre-treatment, and can be measured directly in mm. It is not
      more expensive than the HI method. It has proved sensitive and is not affected by
      non specific serum hemagglutination inhibitors and is conclusive whenever HI
      titers are looked upon with suspicion (titers of less than 1/20). It is therefore
      well adapted to mass screening of immunity against rubella but in the field of
      recent infections HI method still has its role to play. Using the HIG test as a
      reference, we measured the loss of Ig to rubella following the three most
      commonly employed methods for removal of inhibitors: the mean values of 16 sera
      were 25% of antibodies lost after kaolin pre-treatment, 62% lost after heparine
      Mn-Cl2 procedure 75% lost after dextran-CaCl2 treatment.

PMID- 370749
TI  - [Current data on prolactin].
AB  - Prolactin has been lately singled-out among the pituitary hormones, and as such
      the object of considerable research in the past 15 years. The frequency of
      prolactin secreting adenomes is established now. The responsibility of iatrogenic
      factors (neuroleptics, oral contraceptives) in some hyperprolactinaemias is a
      known fact. The study of the inhibiting dopaminergic system was a landmark in the
      treatment of hyperprolactinaemia. During the recent Nice Congress, some issues
      remained unsettled on the physiological activities of prolactin. The matter is
      clearer when it comes to prolactin secretion. In equilibrium between inhibiting
      and stimulant factors, the secretion is controlled by the CNS, influenced by the
      hormonal environment, and its timing is the object of a retrocontrol. This is a
      very instructive pattern in endocrinology.

PMID- 370750
TI  - [Chromatography of urinary amino-acid in bismuth encephalopathy (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The urinary excretion of amino-acid have been determined by ionic exchange
      chromatography for 10 cases of bismuth encephalopathy and for 15 normal controls.
      The ninhydrine positive constituant reported by Burns in 5 cases of
      encephalopathy has not been detected. We are thinking it may be related to the
      use of a rich amino-acid solution during perfusions. We did not find any
      significant difference between the urinary excretion of amino-acid average value
      to the two groups. We found an increase excretion when severe encephalopathy were
      observed. Separate analysis of individual amino-acid excretion showed the
      following results: i) average percent of tyrosine excretion is lower in controls
      as in encephalopathies; ii) among the different ratios tested only SER + THR)/TYR
      and VAL/TYR are different in the two groups.

PMID- 370751
TI  - [Human lung tissue and serum concentrations of cefradin (author's transl)].
AB  - This work was performed on samples from 30 patients requiring lung removal. One
      dose of 2 g of cefradin was injected intravenously before operation. Titrations
      of the antibiotic was performed simultaneously on large pieces of the excised
      lung and on the serum.

PMID- 370752
TI  - [Pathophysiological aspects of malignant tumor metastasis].

PMID- 370753
TI  - [Role of histamine in the development of inflammation of the large intestine
      mucosa in acute dysentery].

PMID- 370755
TI  - [The apheresis: plasmapheresis, plateletpheresis, leukapheresis. Physiopathology
      of the donor (author's transl)].

PMID- 370756
TI  - Introduction of Howland Award.

PMID- 370754
TI  - [Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Andrei Dmitrievich
      Ado (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 370757
TI  - John Howland Award acceptance address from the American Pediatric Society, April
      26, 1978, New York, New York.

PMID- 370758
TI  - Brief case presentation on the nature of psychopathy in Structural Analysis
      theory.
AB  - A case study is reported which clearly supports the theory and usefulness of
      Structural Analysis regarding psychopathy. Psychiatric diagnosis, a computer MMPI
      report, and clinical impressions constitute the data.

PMID- 370759
TI  - [Study of quality effects on radiobiological actions. I. Improvement in target
      theory based on microdose concept (author's transl)].

PMID- 370760
TI  - Antibiotic resistance and transferable antibiotica resistance Escherichia coli
      isolated from calves on a modern farm with therapeutic problems and
      unsatisfactory management conditions.
AB  - On a farm with therapeutic problems and unsatisfactory management conditions, the
      occurrence of antibiotic resistance and transferable antibiotic resistance has
      been studied in E. coli isolated from calves which were 5 and 30 days old.
      Strains with resistance to up to seven antibiotics as well as transferable
      resistance against up to five antibiotics were recorded. On an average, 4.2
      strains with different patterns and 4.0 different strains with transferable
      resistance were isolated from each calf. The corresponding figures previously
      found for healthy control calves were 1.6 and 1.1 strains, respectively.
      Resistance and transferable resistance were most common against sulphonamide and
      penicillin.

PMID- 370761
TI  - [Occurrence and distribution of antibiotic resistant E. coli strains in faeces
      from young pigs and calves in Denmark].
AB  - A comparative study of investigations from 1970 (before the prohibition against
      therapeutically used antibiotics as food additives for growth promotion) and from
      1978 respectively proves that the prevalence of young pigs and calves with
      resistant E. coli has increased significantly from 61% to 92% and from 69% to 86%
      (tables I and II). Figures 1 and 2 show the prevalence of young pigs and calves
      with antibiotic resistant E. coli with resistance determinants towards
      sulfonamides, tetracycline, streptomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, neomycin
      and furazolidone. This shows that the prevalence of young pigs with resistance
      determinants towards sulfonamides, tetracycline, streptomycin, ampicillin, and
      chloramphenicol has increased significantly from 1970 to 1978. The same facts
      apply to the calves. However, the increase in tetracycline resistance is not
      significant. Neomycin resistant E. coli for both young pigs and calves were only
      found in 1978. Figure 3 shows the distribution of the number of resistance
      determinants per young pig and calf with resistant E. coli. The figure shows the
      significant tendency that the pigs and calves investigated contain resistant E.
      coli with more resistance determinants in 1978 than in 1970. The distribution of
      R-factors among resistant E. coli seems to be reduced at first sight but a closer
      examination establishes that this only goes for R-factor mediated sulfonamide
      resistance (the experimental conditions may account for this). R-factor mediated
      streptomycin resistance has increased while R-factor mediated tetracycline
      resistance was at the same level. On the basis of literature the causes and risks
      of an increased distribution of antibiotic resistant E. coli are discussed.

PMID- 370762
TI  - Arthrosis with special reference to the elbow joint of young rapidly growing
      dogs. I A review of the literature.
AB  - The terms arthrosis, arthritis, osteochondrosis, osteochondritis dissecans and
      dysplasia are defined. A short review of the pathological anatomical changes seen
      in primary and secondary arthrosis is given, and the anatomy of the elbow is
      briefly described. The literature concerning elbow lesions leading to arthrosis
      in young, rapidly growing dogs is reviewed.

PMID- 370763
TI  - Toxin production by Clostridium botulinum type E in fresh herring in relation to
      the measured oxidation potential (Eh).
AB  - Recent work has showed high positive oxidation-reduction potential (Eh) values in
      fresh fish flesh, whereas strongly reducing conditions exist in fish viscera and
      spoiled fish flesh. The present study has demonstrated that this difference in
      measured Eh does not significantly influence growth and toxin production by Cl.
      botulinum type E. In comparison, storage temperature and the spore load in fish
      markedly influence toxin production. The public health significance of rapid
      toxin formation and high toxin titers demonstrated in ungutted fish is pointed
      out.

PMID- 370764
TI  - [High dose combination chemotherapy with and without autologous bone marrow
      transplantation in patients with solid tumors and acute leukemias. Kinetics of
      recovery of peripheral bloods cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 370765
TI  - [Early amniocentesis in twin pregnancies (author's transl)].
AB  - Since 1972, we have performed 951 early amniocentesis in 902 pregnant women.
      There were 19 twin pregnancies, all diamniotic, representing 2.1% of the sample.
      Diagnosis was always suspected before the amniocentesis. It was confirmed by
      echography in the 14 cases in which this technique was used. Out of the first 5
      cases without echography, we punctured only one sac. In the 14 last cases, the
      process was successful in 13 cases thanks:--the perfection of echography showing
      the exact location of the fetuses and the position of the septum--the injection
      of congo red (12 cases) or methylene blue (2 cases) into the first sac. The
      indications were as follows: chromosomal aberrations (14 cases) metabolic
      diseases (1 case), sex-linked disorders (1 cases) neural tube defects (3 cases).
      No complications due to amniocentesis were observed but three abortions and one
      fetal death occurred. The reason why is discussed. We have made only one
      therapeutic abortion.

PMID- 370766
TI  - [Prazosine: a new vasodilator used for treatment of hypertension (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Prazosine, a derivative of quinazoline, acts by relaxing the smooth vascular
      muscles and blocking postsynaptic alpha-adrenoreceptors. A special protocol was
      used to treat arterial hypertension in 21 subjects. A small dose (0.5 mg) was
      given the first day to avoid orthostatic hypotension, then 0.5 mg x 3 on days 2,
      3 and 4, followed by 1 mg x 3 on subsequent days. Dosage can be progressively
      increased up to 30 mg/day. During the first 36 days of treatment, prazosine was
      given alone. A significant drop in systolic and diastolic arterial pressure was
      observed in the reclining subject. The effect on orthostatic pressures were
      nevertheless significantly lower than before initiating treatment. Prazosine
      induces only a slight increase plasma renin activity. In 9 patients the use of
      prazosine alone at 3 to 6 mg per day produced not only a drop in arterial
      pressure but its normalization. In 5 other patients, the administration of
      prazosine associated with a beta-blocker, acebutolol, induced normalization of
      arterial pressure. The association of prazosine with a thiazide diuretic was not
      considered successful. In 5 patients, treatment was interrupted with the
      appearance of coronary insufficiency, orthostatic hypotension and frequent
      headaches. Minor side-effects observed in 8 others patients did not require
      interruption of treatment. Based on the above results, it can be stated that
      prazosine is an efficient new peripheral vasodilator with good patient tolerance
      for the treatment of arterial hypertension.

PMID- 370767
TI  - [Leon Michaux (1899-1978)].

PMID- 370768
TI  - [Critical study of techniques for the detection of "light" rheumatoid factors
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In a number of cases of true rheumatoid arthritis, it is not possible to
      demonstrate the presence of 19 S "heavy" rheumatoid factors by the Waaler-Rose
      and globulin latex techniques. However, in some of them, 7 S rheumatoid factors
      are suspected. Three techniques for the detection of these "light" rheumatoid
      factors are described and critically evaluated. The authors report their own
      experience of the immuno-absorption and indirect immunofluorescence technique
      performed on 156 sera from RA patients. Immuno-absorption is not felt to be a
      reliable technique on several grounds. Indirect immunofluorescence is of value
      only in the diagnosis of seronegative rheumatoid arthritis where it provides
      information in addition to that offered by classical techniques. It is positive
      in 53.3% of seronegative rheumatoid arthritis sera.

PMID- 370769
TI  - [Plastic surgery using part of the epiploon. Prior vascularisation of the
      transplant on the dorsal surface of the hand (author's transl)].
AB  - The epiploon has proved to be excellent material for reconstructive surgery. The
      authors present a new technique by which the epiploon may be transplanted into
      almost any part of the body, using the hand as a vector. The epiploon is
      implanted beneath the skin covering the hand and acquires a new vascularisation.
      In a second phase, the epiploon is divided at the point at which it leaves the
      abdomen. The free epiploon, vascularised by the hand, may then be transplanted
      into a wide range of areas: head, leg, foot, etc. The epiploic flap formed in
      this way has many advantages over the Gilles-Filatov tubular skin flap.

PMID- 370770
TI  - Bacteriophage lambda and plasmid vectors, allowing fusion of cloned genes in each
      of the three translational phases.
AB  - We have constructed vectors from bacteriophage lambda and from plasmid pBR322
      having a single EcoRI restriction site which is immediately downstream from the
      lac UV5 promotor. Each vector allows the fusion of a cloned gene to the lac Z
      gene in a different phase relative to the translation initiation codon of the lac
      Z gene. These vectors were constructed through modification of the initial EcoRI
      restriction site by S1 endonuclease treatment and then addition of
      octadeoxyribonucleotides (EcoRI linkers), which shifted the restriction site by 2
      or 4 nucleotides. Used in combination these vectors should allow translation of a
      cloned gene in any one of the three coding phases. The bacteriophages vectors are
      certified as B2 (EK2) safety level vectors by the French "recombinaison genetique
      in vitro" committee (D.G.R.S.T.).

PMID- 370771
TI  - Purification of pseudouridylate synthetase I from Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Pseudouridylate synthetase from Salmonella typhimurium has been purified 1,000
      fold and is about 90% pure. The enzyme has a molecular weight of 50,000 daltons.
      In the presence of tRNA there is a change in molecular weight from 50.000 to
      100.000. This change does not seem to be due to the formation of a tRNA-enzyme
      complex but rather to a tRNA induced dimerization. Other properties of the enzyme
      are described.

PMID- 370772
TI  - The ovalbumin split gene: molecular cloning of Eco RI fragments "c" and "d".
AB  - The Eco RI fragments "c" and "d" of the ovalbumin gene (1, 2) have been isolated
      by molecular cloning. Restriction enzyme mapping and electron microscopy have
      confirmed that the two fragments contain the same ovalbumin mRNA coding
      sequences. These sequences are split into two regions which have been mapped in
      fragments "c" and "d". There is no evidence that the ovalbumin mRNA sequences
      contained in these fragments could be further interrupted. Our results confirm
      that the presence of Eco RI fragment "d" in some chickens is due to the existence
      of an allelic variant of the ovalbumin gene which contains an additional Eco RI
      site within the region corresponding to Eco RI fragment "c". This additional Eco
      RI site appears to be the main difference between the two alleles. Finally, our
      results provide a direct demonstration that most of the ovalbumin mRNA sequences
      are encoded for by Eco RI fragments "a", "b" and "c".

PMID- 370773
TI  - A conserved and unique (AT)-rich segment in yeast mitochondrial DNA.
AB  - The mtDNA of the cytoplasmic petite mutant of yeast RD1A consists mainly of a
      perfect head-to-tail repetition of a known sequence of 66 consecutive AT and 2 GC
      base pairs. We have hybridized complementary RNA made on RD1A mtDNA with the
      mtDNAs of four different wild-type Saccharomyces strains that differ markedly in
      restriction fragmentation pattern. The tm's of the four heteroduplexes are
      identical to the tm of the homoduplex of RD1A mtDNA with complementary RNA of one
      repeat length. With all four wild-type mtDNAs this complementary RNA hybridizes
      mainly to a single restriction fragment of about 300 base pairs. This shows the
      conservation and individuality of at least one (AT)-rich segment in yeast mtDNA.
      The 300 base pair fragment has been mapped in the vicinity of the oxi-2 locus.
      The possible role of the (AT)-rich segment in the processing of the primary
      transcript of this region is discussed.

PMID- 370774
TI  - Primary structure of yeast mitochondrial DNA-coded phenylalanine-tRNA.
AB  - Mitochondrial tRNAPhe from Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated by two-dimensional
      gel electrophoresis was sequenced by fingerprinting uniformly labeled 32 P-tRNA
      as well as by 5'-end postlabeling techniques. Its sequence was found to be: pG-C
      U-U-U-U-A-U-A-G-C-U-U-A-G-D-G-G-D-A-A-A-G-C-m22G-A-U-A-A-A-phi-U-G-A-A-m1G-A-phi
      U-U-A-U-U-U-A-C-A-U-G-U-A-G-U-phi-C-G-A-U-U-C-U-C-A-U-U-A-A-G-G-G-C-A-C-C-A. The
      secondary structure we propose, in order to maximize base pairing in the phiC
      stem and to allow tertiary interaction between G15 and C46, excludes U50 from
      base pairing giving a bulge in the phiC stem. No conclusion can be drawn
      concerning the endosymbiotic theory of mitochondria evolution by comparing the
      primary structure of mt. tRNAPhe with other sequenced tRNAsPhe. This mt.tRNAPhe
      lacks some of the structural elements reported to be involved in the yeast
      cytoplasmic phenylalanyl-tRNA ligase recognition site and cannot be aminoacylated
      by purified yeast cytoplasmic phenylalanyl-tRNA ligase.

PMID- 370775
TI  - Cloning of nematode tRNA genes and their expression in the frog oocyte.
AB  - Transfer RNA genes of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have been cloned in E.
      coli using the plasmid Col E1 as vector. The tRNAs coded by 3 hybrid plasmids
      were purified by hybridisation of labelled nematode tRNA with the plasmid DNAs.
      Each plasmid appears to code for a single distinct tRNA species. The expression
      of the cloned DNAs was analysed in vivo by injection into nuclei of Xenopus
      laevis oocytes. Evidence is presented which suggests that these nematode tRNA
      genes are accurately transcribed and processed in frog oocytes. Analysis of one
      hybrid plasmid shows that a 300 base pair DNA fragment contains both the
      structural gene and those regions required for its transcription in vivo. The
      results show that cloned eukaryotic DNAs from a heterologous source can be tested
      for functional gene activity in X. laevis oocytes.

PMID- 370776
TI  - The attenuator of the tryptophan operon in E.coli: rho-mediated release of RNA
      polymerase from a transcription termination complex in vitro.
AB  - In vivo, termination of transcription at the attenuator site of the tryptophan
      (trp) operon of E. coli is influenced by the protein termination factor rho. In
      vitro, termination does not depend on rho factor, and is very efficient in a
      purified system consisting only of RNA polymerase, the DNA template, nucleoside
      triphosphates, and buffer. The extent of termination in this system is unaffected
      over a wide range of salt and nucleoside triphosphate concentration. However,
      there is a 10-fold stimulation of trp leader mRNA synthesis if rho factor is
      present during the transcription reaction. This stimulation occurs only at low
      molar ratios of polymerase to template, and can be blocked by rifampicin. It is
      thus most likely due to the recycling of RNA polymerase molecules that have been
      released from the attenuator site by rho factor. In fact, transcription of the
      trp leader region  in vitro results in the fomration of a stable termination
      complex which can be observed on sucrose gradients or by binding to
      nitrocellulose filters. These data indicate that a major function of rho at the
      trp attenuator is to release completed transcripts from a pre-formed termination
      complex, rather than to cause the cessation of elongation.

PMID- 370778
TI  - Detection of yeast ribosomal RNA sequences in E. coli infected with hybrid
      bacteriophage.
AB  - Yeast ribosomal DNA was inserted into Escherichia coli on a bacteriophage vector
      and the host cell RNA was then extracted and analyzed for the presence of yeast
      ribosomal RNA sequences. RNA complementary to yeast rDNA was detected by
      hybridization. The transcription of yeast rDNA was found to be independent of
      phage RNA synthesis and to occur on the same DNA strand as rRNA transcription in
      yeast. However, hybridization to restriction fragments of yeast rDNA suggested
      that the RNA species detected in E. coli differ somewhat from authentic yeast
      rRNA.

PMID- 370777
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of gene VII and of a hypothetical gene (IX) in bacteriophage
      M13.
AB  - A DNA fragment containing gene VII of bacteriophage M13 has been transcribed and
      the nucleotide sequence of this 169-nucleotides long transcript was determined by
      RNA sequencing methods. Additionally, the nucleotide sequence of this gene and
      parts of its neighbouring genes V and VIII has been determined by the
      dimethylsulphate-hydrazine technique. The reading frame of gene VII has been
      established by determining the nucleotide changes occurring in the transcripts of
      two amber mutants of this gene. From these combined data it is apparent that gene
      VII is only 99 nucleotides long and is immediately followed by the termination
      codon UGA. Its initiation codon AUG is separated from gene V by only a single
      nucleotide. It was noted that between the UGA termination codon of gene VII and
      the initiation codon of the next gene (gene VIII) there is space for another,
      hitherto unknown gene. This gene (IX) most probably codes for the small
      polypeptide ("C-protein") present in mature M13 phage particles.

PMID- 370779
TI  - 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorouridine-5'-phosphate: an alternative substrate for thymidylate
      synthetase from Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - The substrate specificity of 2'-deoxy-2'-substituted uridines and their 5'
      phosphates towards thymidylate synthetase from Escherichia coli K12 was
      investigated. Besides the natural substrate 2'-deoxyuridine-5'-phosphate (dUMP),
      only 2'-deoxy-2'-fluorouridine-5'-phosphate (dUflMP) was a substrate. The KM of
      dUflMP is 11 times higher than that of dUMP, while the Vmax values are virtually
      the same. It is concluded that the size of the 2'-substituent and not its
      polarity (and the concomitant conformational change) determines substrate
      specificity of thymidylate synthetase.

PMID- 370780
TI  - Participation of X47-fluorescamine modified E. coli tRNAs in in vitro protein
      biosynthesis.
AB  - The reaction of fluorescamine with primary amino groups of tRNAs was
      investigated. The reagent was attached under mild conditions to the 3'-end of
      tRNAPhe-C-C-A(3'NH) from yeast and to the minor nucleoside x in E. coli tRNAArg,
      tRNALys, tRNAMet, tRNAIle and tRNAPhe. The primary aliphatic amino groups of
      these tRNAs react specifically so that the fluorescamine dye is not attached to
      the amino groups of the nucleobases. E. coli tRNA species modified on the minor
      nucleoside X47 can all be aminoacylated. An involvement of the minor modified
      nucleoside X47 in the tRNA: synthetase interaction is detected. Native tRNALys-C
      C-A from E. coli can be phenylalanylated by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from
      yeast, whereas this is not the case for fluorescamine treated tRNALys-C-C
      A(XF47). Pre-tRNAPhe-C-C-A(XF47) forms a ternary complex with the elongation
      factor Tu:GTP from E. coli, binds enzymatically to the ribosomal A-site and is
      active in poly U dependent poly Phe synthesis. Fluorescamine-labelled E. coli
      tRNAs provide new substrates for the study of protein biosynthesis by
      spectroscopic methods.

PMID- 370781
TI  - Antibodies elicited by defined oligodeoxyribonucleotide sequences.
AB  - Antibodies to the oligodeoxyribonucleotides d(pT)3, d(pT)4, d(pT)6 and d(pA-A-T
      T) were elicited in rabbits by immunization with electrostatic complexes of the
      respective haptens with methylated bovine serum albumin (MBSA). The antisera were
      assayed by complement fixation using denatured DNA's of various sources as
      antigens. The specificities of the antibodies were determined by estimating the
      inhibition of the complement fixation reaction by defined
      oligodeoxyribonucleotides. The antibodies were shown to be specific for the
      sequence of the oligode-oxyribonucleotides or parts of it.

PMID- 370782
TI  - RNA-RNA interactions in the binding site of protein L24 on 23S ribosomal RNA of
      E. coli. II. Sequence analysis of the interacting fragments.
AB  - A ribonucleoprotein complex containing several RNA subfragments from the 5' part
      of 23S RNA was recovered after digestion of the reconstituted complex between 23S
      RNA and protein L24. It was suggested in the preceding paper that the RNA
      subfragments 4B, 10A and 9, which are widely separated in the sequence, strongly
      interact. These subfragments were previously partially sequenced by the classical
      fingerprinting methods. Their sequences have now been completed with rapid new
      RNA sequencing methods. We propose here a base-pairing model showing how these
      subfragments may interact with one another.

PMID- 370783
TI  - Collection of mutant tRNA sequences.

PMID- 370784
TI  - The interaction of RNA polymerase and lac repressor with the lac control region.
AB  - We have examined the interactions of lac repressor and RNA polymerase with the
      DNA of the lac control region, using a method for direct visualization of the
      regions of DNA protected by proteins from DNAase attack. The repressor protects
      the operator essentially as reported by Gilbert and Maxam (1) with some small
      modifications. However, the evidence reported here concerning the binding of RNA
      polymerase to the DNA of the promoter mutant UV5 indicates that : 1) the RNA
      polymerase molecule binds asymmetrically to the promoter DNA, 2) RNA polymerase
      protects DNA sequences to within a few bases of the CAP binding site, suggesting
      direct interaction between polymerase and the CAP protein at this site, 3) RNA
      polymerase still binds to the promoter when repressor is bound to the operator,
      but fails to form the same extensive complex.

PMID- 370786
TI  - The specificity of in vitro chromatin transcription.
AB  - The in vitro transcription of chicken reticulocyte chromatin with E. coli RNA
      polymerase has been studied in several different ways. The amount of globin RNA
      sequences has been measured by hybridizing the transcript with globin cDNA; we
      show that under the proper conditions mercurated transcript RNA can be separated
      from endogenous RNA on sulfhydryl affinity columns. The amount of globin RNA in
      the transcript is approximately 20 fold greater than that from erythrocyte
      chromatin or reticulocyte DNA. Although these data could be used to support the
      hypothesis of specific transcription, we show by RNA/RNA self hybridization of
      the transcript (which is at least 50% symmetric) and by hybridization of the
      transcript to unique DNA in vast RNA excess that the bulk of the chromatin
      transcript differs little from the transcript of naked DNA. Several explanations
      for these apparently contradictory results are offered with the most likely one
      being compatible with random transcription of at least most of the sequences in
      the chromatin.

PMID- 370785
TI  - Fluorescence studies of the accessibility of the 3' ends of the ribosomal RNAs in
      Escherichia coli ribosomes and subunits.
AB  - The accessibility of the 3'-ends of E. coli in various states has been probed by
      reaction, after periodate oxidation, with the fluorescent dye proflavine
      semicarbazide. Free oxidized 16S and 23S rRNAs each react with 2 equivalents of
      dye. The 23S rRNA is equally reactive in the 50S subunit and the 70S ribosome.
      The 16S RRNA 3'-end is accessible in the 30S subunit. In the intact 70S particle,
      periodate can reach the 3'-end of the 16S rRNA but the dye cannot. The 5S rRNA is
      relatively inaccessible to periodate oxidation or dye reaction in the 70S
      particle. Dye-labelled 16S rRNA will reconstitute into 30S particles but they are
      inactive in polypeptide synthesis. This is apparently due to the inability of the
      30S particles to form tight complexes with 50S subunits. Iodide quenching studies
      indicate that the environment of the 3'-end of 16S rRNA in the 30S particle is
      different from that of the free rRNA.

PMID- 370787
TI  - Nucleosome packing in chromatin as revealed by nuclease digestion.
AB  - Chromatin DNA of rat thymus nuclei was cleaved by Serratia marcescens
      endonculease. The fragments have been examined by polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis under denaturing conditions. The results obtained are interpreted
      to mean that the internucleosomal DNA is cleaved by the endonuclease into
      fragments which are multiples of 10 nucleotides. The 10 nucleotide periodicity in
      fragmentation of internucleosomal DNA is independent of the presence of histone
      H1 and is likely to be determined by the interaction of this DNA stretch with the
      histone core of nucleosomes. Such interaction implies a close association between
      the nucleosomes in the chromatin thread. Quasi-limit chromatin digest (50--55% of
      DNA hydrolysis) contains undegraded DNA fragments with length of up to 1000
      nucleotides or more. A part of this resistant DNA consists of single-stranded
      fragments or contains single stranded regions. These data may be accounted for by
      a very compact nucleosome packing in the resistant chromatin in which one of the
      DNA stands is more accessible to the endonuclease action.

PMID- 370788
TI  - Origin and direction of replication of the bacteriocinogenic plasmid Clo DF13.
AB  - Cairn's type replicative intermediates of both the wildtype Clo DF13 plasmid and
      the copy mutant CLO DF13 cop3 were isolated by dye-buoyant density
      centrifugation. Replicative intermediates were linearized at the HpaI or Sa1I
      cleavage site, and examined with the electron-microscope. The data show that
      replication of both the Clo DF13 wild type plasmid and the Clo DF13 cop3 plasmid,
      initiates at about 2.8% on the physical map. Replication proceeds
      unindirectionally and counterclockwise on this map.

PMID- 370789
TI  - The interaction of RNA polymerase II from wheat with supercoiled and linear
      plasmid templates.
AB  - Interactions between a plant RNA polymerase II and ColE1 based plasmid DNA
      templates have been studied. Gel electrophoresis indicates that the enzyme binds
      to both supercoiled and linear species. Using the totally double stranded
      pMB9/SmaI fragment it is shown that transcription of completely base paired DNA
      is ten-fold lower than that of denatured or supercoiled plasmid, and reflects the
      presence of fewer initiation sites. A small proportion of the transcript remains
      tightly bound to supercoiled templates. 3' oligodeoxycytidine extensions on
      pMB9/SmaI serve to promote transcription of the linear double stranded form.
      Using restriction kinetics it is shown that there is a small enhancement of
      polymerase binding at the pMB9 tetracycline promoter, but that the selectivity of
      binding at this locus is lower than for the natural bacterial polymerase.

PMID- 370790
TI  - The DNA sequence at the T7 C promoter.
AB  - Restriction fragments of T7 DNA which selectively bind E. coli RNA polymerase
      have been identified. These include fragments located close to the beginning of
      gene 1 where according to Minkley and Pribnow (1973) there is a promoter called
      C. The smallest fragment from this region which binds RNA polymerase has been
      sequenced. It contains a promoter-like sequence, at an appropriate distance from
      the sequence TACA which Minkley and Pribnow suggested should lie at the
      initiation site of C. RNA synthesised in vitro from these fragments has been
      sequenced. The RNA sequence corresponds to the sequence to the right of the C
      promoter. The C promoter differs significantly from the A1 A2 and A3 promoters in
      sequence. Its structure and position suggest it plays a role in T7 infection.

PMID- 370791
TI  - Sequence of the gene for isoleucine tRNA1 and the surrounding region in a
      ribosomal RNA operon of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A DNA fragment of about 2000 base pairs carrying the gene for tRNA(1) (Ile) has
      been cloned from a total Eco RI endonuclease digest of Escherichia coli DNA.
      Sequence analyses revealed that about the first 850 base pairs from one end of
      the fragment contain a nucleotide sequence corresponding to that in the 3'-end of
      16S rRNA. The gene for tRNA(Ile) follows the 16S rRNA gene and both genes flank a
      spacer sequence of 68 base pairs. The spacer region contains a repeating, a hair
      pin and a symmetrical structure when the sequence is viewed in the single
      stranded form. A notable hair pin structure is also observed in the region
      adjacent to the 3'-end of the tRNA(1) (Ile) gene. In addition, about 850 base
      pairs from the other end of the DNA fragment have been found to contain the
      nucleotide sequence of the 5'-end of 23S rRNA. The presence of the genes for
      tRNA(1) (Ile), 16S and 23S rRNA and the hybridization to tRNA(1) (Ala) suggest
      that this cloned DNA is part of one of the E. coli rRNA operons carrying these
      two tRNA genes as a spacer.Images

PMID- 370792
TI  - Long double-stranded sequences (dsRNA-B) of nuclear pre-mRNA consist of a few
      highly abundant classes of sequences: evidence from DNA cloning experiments.
AB  - DNA preparations from about hundred randomly selected clones containing mouse DNA
      fragments were screened for the existence of sequences complementary to long
      double-stranded regions of pre-mRNA able to snap back after melting (dsRNA-B).
      Many clones containing such sequences were found. The cloned sequences can be
      subdivided into three groups: (1) those complementary to about a half (at least
      to 30-40%) of the total dsRNA, designated as sequences B1; (2) those
      complementary to a part of sequence B1; and (3) sequences complementary to about
      a quarter (at least to 15%) of the total dsRNA referred to as sequence B2. The
      size of DNA sequence complementary to dsRNA is about 400 base pairs. Melting
      experiments with hybrids show that the members of B1 family are very similar if
      not identical, while the divergence among B2 sequences is higher, but still the
      number of substitutions does not exceed 9% of bases. Thus, the major part of
      dsRNA-B consists of a small number of highly abundant sequences as was suggested
      earlier on the basis of renaturation kinetics /1-3/. Sequences B1 and B2 are
      represented by many copies in the mouse genome and in pre-mRNA, and many of them
      probably do not form hairpin-like structures.

PMID- 370793
TI  - Newsmakers: meet Miss Storey.

PMID- 370794
TI  - Pressure sores in para- and tetraplegic patients.

PMID- 370795
TI  - History of surgery in India--I.

PMID- 370797
TI  - Famous nurses: Baronness Sophie Mannerheim.

PMID- 370796
TI  - Obituary: Mr. C. S. Balasubramaniam--a veteran nursing leader.

PMID- 370799
TI  - Famous nurses: Eva Luckes.

PMID- 370798
TI  - The operating theatre: scenes through the centuries.

PMID- 370801
TI  - Famous nurses: Mrs. Bedford Fenwick.

PMID- 370800
TI  - Nurses' 100-year battle against low pay.

PMID- 370802
TI  - Famous nurses: Dame Agnes Hunt.

PMID- 370803
TI  - Famous nurses: Mary Potter.

PMID- 370804
TI  - Famous nurses: Florence Lees.

PMID- 370805
TI  - Famous nurses: Dorothea Dix.

PMID- 370806
TI  - [Various inhbitors of the renin-angiotensin system and their clinical use].

PMID- 370807
TI  - [Computer technics used in the evaluation of diagnosis and treatment of acid-base
      disorders and electrolyte equilibrium].

PMID- 370808
TI  - Biology of early gastric carcinoma.

PMID- 370809
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Kazimierz Czyzewski].

PMID- 370810
TI  - Early outbreaks of 'epidemic neuromyasthenia'.
AB  - The literature of the outbreaks of 'epidemic neuromyasthenia' (ENM) from 1934 to
      1955 has been selected to show that the disease affects other people besides
      young adult females in hospitals and nursing homes. There have been district
      epidemics, in which the male: female ratio was almost even and several male
      outbreaks affecting soldiers in barracks. Some outbreaks appear to have been
      triggered off by an epidemic of poliomyelitis, and the epidemiology of outbreaks
      in Iceland in 1948 and 1955 suggests that the normal cytopathological effects of
      poliomyelitis infection have been suppressed by the new disease. In the Durban
      epidemic (1955) a toxic metabolite was discovered in the urine of many patients
      and a markedly increased urinary excretion of creatine was noted in two New York
      State outbreaks. The results of the transmission of an agent from patients with
      ENM to monkeys suggest that the neurological disorder might be in the form of
      mild disseminated lesions scattered throughout the nervous system from the brain
      to peripheral nerves and associated with perivascular round cell infiltration
      without significant cellular damage. ENM infection was widespread in the North of
      England in 1955 and associated with lymphocyte abnormalities, which have
      persisted in some cases for several years. This suggests a continuous organic
      process.

PMID- 370811
TI  - Viral causes of psychiatric disease.
AB  - Current evidence on the role of viruses in the causation of psychiatric illness
      is reviewed. Herpes simplex encephalitis is relatively well defined but a wider
      role for this virus, particularly in relation to affective disorders, is
      suggested by some Scandinavian surveys of antibody titres in psychiatric
      populations. The extent to which influenzal illnesses and infectious
      mononucleosis may lead to neurotic, and occasional psychotic, episodes is the
      subject of controversy. The clinical literature is reviewed on the occurrence of
      encephalitis-like illnesses with prominent psychiatric and behavioural features.
      It is pointed out that no reliable criterion exists for differentiating these
      illnesses from such psychiatric syndromes as schizophrenia. It is suggested that
      neglect of this borderland area, and perhaps preconceptions concerning the
      features of 'organic' and 'functional' psychiatric disease, may have led to an
      underestimate of the possible role of viruses in the causation of psychiatric
      disease.

PMID- 370812
TI  - [Lesional pulmonary edema].
AB  - The authors having reported all the possible denominations of syndromes of
      respiratory distress in the adult mention again the main etiologies, stressing on
      the last ones. They recall afterwards the different clinical, radiological and
      biological stages of this syndrome. The hemodynamic profile is defined by normal
      catheterism data and the presence of a true anatomical shunt. On the other hand
      several hemodynamic variations are possible. The differential diagnosis is
      essentially cardiac edema. Finally the authors state that treatment is done only
      by symptomatic therapies: dehydration and assisted ventilation. They do not make
      use of membrane oxygenator. Assisted ventilation is essential and is mainly based
      on a good indication and the optimal use of permanent positive pressure.

PMID- 370813
TI  - [Mechanisms of the change in insulin supply to the body in old age].

PMID- 370814
TI  - [T- and B-lymphocyte count in patients waiting for kidney transplantation and
      retransplantation].

PMID- 370815
TI  - [Radiosensitivity of the cells that transfer the hemopoietic microenvironment].

PMID- 370816
TI  - [Cellular electrophoresis, its theoretical and practical significance (a review
      of the literature and the authors' own data)].

PMID- 370817
TI  - [In memoriam Elena nikiforovna Mosiagina].

PMID- 370818
TI  - [Ultrasonic aerosols in the overall therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis (a review
      of the literature)].

PMID- 370820
TI  - [Characteristics of the factors that decrease the results of treating newly
      detected respiratory organ tuberculosis].

PMID- 370819
TI  - [Effectiveness of treating bronchial and pulmonary tuberculosis by the use of
      ultrasonic etambutol aerosols].

PMID- 370821
TI  - [Comprehensive antibacterial therapy in combination with lidase of respiratory
      organ tuberculosis in children and adolescents].

PMID- 370823
TI  - Interaction of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase with promoters of several
      coliphage and plasmid DNAs.
AB  - The interaction of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA
      nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6) with restriction fragments obtained from
      various E. coli related DNAs was studied in vitro. The DNAs investigated included
      several coliphage genomes (T5, lambda, T7, fd) and plasmid DNAs (pML 21, pSC101).
      By using the nitrocellulose filter binding of the enzyme-DNA complexes, fragment
      specific relative rates of complex formation as well as complex stabilities were
      determined. Promoter-specific relative rates of polymerase binding were derived
      from fragment-specific rates by taking into account the number of major binding
      sites for RNA polymerase within several DNAs. Estimates of the stability of
      complexes formed between some major binding sites and the enzyme were obtained by
      studying the rate of complex decay. Both characteristics--rate of complex
      formation and rate of decay--varied widely and independently of each other. The
      promoters reacting most efficiently with E. coli RNA polymerase were found in the
      early region of coliphage T5 whereas some promoters in pML 21, or for example,
      the lambda promoter PI, belong to signals binding the enzyme most slowly. Based
      on the second-order rate constant determined for the interaction of E. coli RNA
      polymerase with promoters of phage fd, the fastest promoters characterized so far
      reacted with rates in the order of 10(8) M-1s-1. The hierarchy of promoters
      established here is of interest from the viewpoint that promoter strength
      correlates with the rate of polymerase binding. Among the promoters studied here
      this rate spans a range of 2 orders of magnitude.

PMID- 370824
TI  - Translational and post-translational cleavage of M13 procoat protein: extracts of
      both the cytoplasmic and outer membranes of Escherichia coli contain leader
      peptidase activity.
AB  - The coat protein of coliphage M13 is an integral protein of the host cytoplasmic
      membrane at all stages of the infectious cycle. Both in in vivo and DNA-directed
      in vitro synthesis, it is initially made with an NH2-terminal "leader peptide" of
      23 amino acids and is termed procoat. We now report that leader peptidase, and
      activity which removes the leader peptide and converts procoat to coat, is found
      in both the inner (cytoplasmic) and outer membrane of Escherichia coli. However,
      only cytoplasmic membranes will catalyze cleavage of procoat in the absence of
      detergent. Leader peptidase will cleave procoat either during translation or
      after protein synthesis is complete.

PMID- 370822
TI  - ATP-dependent renaturation of DNA catalyzed by the recA protein of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - The product of the recA gene of Escherichia coli has been purified to near
      homogeneity by a simple three-step procedure. Incubation of the recA protein with
      complementary single strands of DNA, Mg2+, and ATP results in the rapid formation
      of large DNA aggregates containing many branched structures. As judged by
      resistance to S1 nuclease and by electron microscopy, these aggregates contain
      both duplex and single-stranded regions. The renaturation and aggregation of DNA
      catalyzed by the recA protein is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP. The recA
      protein purified from a cold-sensitive recA mutant does not catalyze DNA
      renaturation or aggregation at 28 degrees C, but does so at 37 degrees C, a
      finding which correlates with the recombination defect observed in vivo and
      indicates that this activity is an intrinsic function of the recA protein. These
      results suggest that the recA protein plays a specific role in strand transfer
      during recombination and possibly in postreplication repair of damaged DNA.

PMID- 370825
TI  - Kinetics of initiation of bacterial protein synthesis.
AB  - The 30S initiation complex, formed with the 30S ribosomal subunit, mRNA, and fMet
      tRNA, has been shown by kinetic analysis with limiting concentrations of
      Escherichia coli ribosomes to be an obligatory intermediate in the formation of
      the 70S initiation complex. The formation of the 70S initiation complex began
      with an induction period and was proportional to the concentration of the 30S
      complex, which rapidly rose to a peak. The entire time course of the sequential
      pseudo-first-order, second-order reaction was reproduced accurately by the
      overall rate expression, in which we used rate constants that were determined by
      carrying out 30S and 70S complex formation separately. By using limiting
      concentrations of mRNA, we showed that phage MS2 RNA contained no specific signal
      that enhanced its rate of 30S complex formation with E. coli ribosomes and
      initiation factors; the pseudo-first-order rate constants obtained with
      poly(A3C9G1U1), poly(C15G1U4), and poly(G1U3) were 12-45 times higher than that
      with MS2 RNA. The observation that the rate constants for binding of fMet-tRNA
      and AcPhe-tRNA with a given synthetic RNA were comparable indicated that the
      initiator codon is recognized only indirectly through the initiator tRNA.

PMID- 370826
TI  - Identification of a methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein for the ribose and
      galactose chemoreceptors of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The ribose and galactose chemoreceptors of Escherichia coli have previously been
      identified as the ribose- and galactose-binding proteins. We now report the
      discovery of a methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein that functions in the transfer
      of receptor signals from these two binding proteins to the flagella. This protein
      is distinct from previously described methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins. Its
      level of methylation is influenced by D-ribose, D-galactose, and certain
      structural analogues of them. This methyl-accepting protein is required for
      chemotaxis toward those attractants; mutants in the trg gene, which do not
      methylate this protein, are devoid of taxis toward D-ribose, D-galactose, and
      their analogues. In addition, methylation of the methyl-accepting protein in
      response to each of these attractants requires the appropriate binding protein.
      The binding protein's chemoreceptor function is required for such methylation,
      but its transport activity is not. Because the function of this methyl-accepting
      chemotaxis protein involves two of the best-characterized chemoreceptors, the
      discovery of this protein represents a promising base for further study of the
      linkage between chemoreceptors and flagella in bacteria.

PMID- 370827
TI  - Evidence for transcriptional regulation of orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase
      in yeast by hybridization of mRNA to the yeast structural gene cloned in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - From a large population of strains of Escherichia coli carrying shear fragments
      of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) DNA attached by in vitro recombination to the
      plasmid vector pMB9, two hybrid plasmids were selected that relieve the
      pyrimidine requirement of nonreverting pyrF mutants of E. coli. An 1100-base-pair
      DNA fragment common to the two complementing plasmids was recloned into another
      plasmid vector, pBR322; these new hybrids retained the ability to specify
      orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase (orotidine-5'-phosphate carboxy-lyase, EC
      4.1.1.23) synthesis in E. coli. Evidence is presented that this common fragment
      is yeast DNA and thus apparently carried the structural information for yeast
      orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase, the product of yeast gene ura3. A hybrid
      plasmid containing the 1100-base-pair fragment was used to measure levels of
      putative ura3 mRNA from yeast cultures labeled with [3H]adenine, ura3 mRNA was
      unstable with an apparent half-life of 10.5 min. Under different circumstances
      previously shown to alter the level of orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase in
      yeast, a coordinate variation in proportion of labeled RNA complementary to the
      hybrid plasmid was found. These data support the hypothesis that regulation of
      the ura3 gene in yeast is at the level of transcription.

PMID- 370828
TI  - Phase variation in Salmonella: genetic analysis of a recombinational switch.
AB  - The alternative expression of Salmonella genes H1 and H2, which specify different
      flagellar antigens, results in the oscillation of phenotype known as phase
      variation. This alternation is controlled by the inversion of an 800-base-pair
      sequence of DNA adjacent to, or including part of, the H2 gene. The invertable
      region was presumed to regulate the function of a promoter and to include
      specific sites at which a recombinational event, resulting in the inversion,
      could occur. Here we report genetic manipulations of hybrid lambda phage carrying
      the H2 gene that were used to define the H2 promoter region and the
      recombinational sites. The H2 gene fragment was inserted on a hybrid lambda phage
      next to the cheW gene, which lacked a promoter element. In the resulting fusion,
      cheW gene activity was restored, the expression of the H2 and cheW genes was
      controlled coordinately by the inversion, and the polarity of transcription and
      location of the H2 gene could be determined. Evidence from this type of gene
      fusion suggested that the H2 gene promoter is included in the inversion region.
      Hybrid H2 phage were constructed that contained substitutions for regions of the
      H2 gene. In contrast to hybrid lambda containing the H2 gene, which alternate
      between "on" and "off" states, several substituted lambdaH2 were fixed in the
      "on" state. A site necessary for the recombinational event must have been removed
      in these fixed lambdaH2.

PMID- 370829
TI  - Yeast ribosomal DNA genes are located on chromosome XII.
AB  - Two lines of experimental evidence indicate that the repeating ribosomal DNA
      (rDNA) genes of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are located on chromosome XII.
      First, the rDNA genes are linked mitotically to genes that have been previously
      mapped to chromosome XII. Second, yeast strains that have two copies of the
      chromosome containing the rDNA genes in every strain examined also have two
      copies of chromosome XII; this is not true for the other yeast chromosomes. These
      data also establish that in mitosis most of the rDNA genes in yeast are not
      extrachromosomal.

PMID- 370830
TI  - Transplantation of cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells to rabbit cornea:
      clinical implications for human studies.
AB  - Rabbit corneas denuded of their endothelium were coated with bovine corneal
      endothelial cells (from steers) previously maintained in tissue culture for short
      (20 generations) or prolonged (200 generations) periods. When grafted back into
      female rabbits, the corneal buttons remained clear and showed no edema. In
      contrast, denuded corneas coated with bovine keratocytes and grafted into rabbits
      became opaque and edematous within 7 days and remained so thereafter. Bovine
      corneal endothelial cells of the grafted corneas, which had remained clear for
      over 100 days, proliferated actively when put back into tissue culture. The
      corneal endothelial cells of the graft were characteristic of the male (XY). The
      chromosome number of the endothelium of the recipient rabbit was 2n = 44 with sex
      chromosomes characteristic of the female (XX). Results of the karyotype analysis
      show that there was no invasion of the corneal button by the recipient
      endothelium and, conversely, no invasion of the recipient endothelium by the
      endothelium on the corneal button. These results demonstrate that cultured
      corneal endothelial cells remain functional in vitro and can replace a damaged or
      nonfunctional endothelium in vivo.

PMID- 370831
TI  - Thermosensory transduction in Escherichia coli: inhibition of the thermoresponse
      by L-serine.
AB  - Information processing of the thermoresponse in Escherichia coli was compared
      with that of the chemoresponse. Competition experiments between various chemical
      stimuli and the thermal stimulus showed that only L-serine was a potent inhibitor
      of the thermosensory transduction. The concentration of L-serine necessary for
      complete inhibition of the thermoresponse was about 0.1 mM. L-Serine at this
      concentration did not inhibit chemoresponses to many amino acids. Pleiotropic
      aspartate-taxis mutants (tar) showed normal thermoresponse but pleiotropic serine
      taxis mutants (tsr) showed decreased or almost no thermoresponse. These results
      suggest that the thermosensory transducing system in E. coli has an intimate
      interaction with the chemosensory transducing pathway specific for L-serine. A
      simple model for the thermosensory transduction is discussed.

PMID- 370832
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of Escherichia coli K-12 replication origin.
AB  - From subfragments of an EcoRI fragment (9 kilobase pairs) that contained the
      replication origin of the Escherichia coli chromosome and had been cloned as a
      recombinant with a nonreplicating DNA fragment coding for ampicillin resistance,
      small derivative plasmids were constructed. The smallest of these, pTSO151,
      contained a segment of 463 base pairs as the chromosomal component. Another
      plasmid, pSY134, constructed from BamHI digests of the EcoRI fragment and mini
      F(pMF21), contained a region of 422 base pairs identical with a corresponding
      region in pTSO151. We conclude that the replication origin of E. coli chromosome
      is located within this 422-base-pair segment. The nucleotide sequence of this
      segment is presented.

PMID- 370833
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the origin of replication of the Escherichia coli K-12
      chromosome.
AB  - The origin of replication, oriC, of the Escherichia coli chromosome was mapped
      within a DNA segment of 422 base pairs. The nucleotide sequence of this segment
      was determined. The source of DNA for the sequence analysis was a minichromosome
      constructed in vivo, consisting exclusively of chromosomal DNA and a
      minichromosome constructed by cloning in vitro. The nucleotide sequence of the
      replication origin is characterized by a high degree of repetitiveness due to
      both inverted and direct repeats. Sequence homologies were found between portions
      of the replication origins of E. coli and phages lambda and G4. This suggests
      similarities in some steps in the initiation of replication of the different
      replicons.

PMID- 370834
TI  - Immunoprecipitation and partial characterization of diphtheria toxin-binding
      glycoproteins from surface of guinea pig cells.
AB  - 125I-Labeled membrane glycoproteins that specifically interact with diphtheria
      toxin and CRM197 protein--but not with diphtheria toxoid, fragment A of
      diphtheria toxin, or cholera toxin--were detected by use of the lactoperoxidase
      labeling technique followed by an immunoprecipitation system. These
      glycoproteins, which adhere to lentil lectin-Sepharose columns, are present on
      the surface of diphtheria toxin-sensitive guinea pig lymph node cells but are
      completely lacking on the surface of diphtheria toxin-resistant mouse L cells.
      The major 125I-labeled glycoprotein that interacts with diphtheria toxin exhibits
      anomalous behavior, characteristic of glycoproteins, when analyzed by sodium
      dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This demonstration of the
      biochemical nature of specific diphtheria toxin binding membrane components
      raises the possibility that the detected components are diphtheria toxin
      receptors.

PMID- 370835
TI  - Origin and direction of DNA replication of plasmid RSF1030.
AB  - An in vitro replication system has been used to study the origin and direction of
      replication of the covalently closed, circular DNA of plasmid RSF1030, a
      nonconjugative R factor. We have enriched for replicative intermediates in these
      studies either by isolating them on the basis of their unique structure or by
      limiting the extent of synthesis in the in vitro system. Circular molecules that
      have replicated to various extents migrate to characteristic positions in agarose
      gels, thus providing a rapid and efficient method for isolating partially
      replicated forms. Alternatively, replicative intermediates can be isolated
      directly from reaction mixtures that contain dideoxyTTP (ddTTP), a compound that
      limits the average extent of synthesis in vitro. Electron microscopic analysis of
      such intermediates linearized with either Hpa I or BamHI indicates that RSF1030
      replicates in vitro from a unique origin located 70% from one end of Hpa I
      cleaved molecules and 47% from the BamHI site. The unidirectional mode of
      replication has been confirmed by the order in which the six HincII fragments of
      RSF1030 DNA are labeled in vitro when synthesis is limited to various extents
      with ddTTP. Finally, a physical map of RSF1030 has been constructed using the
      restriction endonucleases BamHI, Hpa I, and HincII, and the origin and direction
      of replication have been defined relative to the map.

PMID- 370838
TI  - Achievement and challenge in cell culture.

PMID- 370837
TI  - The stabilization of cell lines by viruses.

PMID- 370836
TI  - A general method for maximizing the expression of a cloned gene.
AB  - We present a method, utilizing a combination of restriction endonuclease cleavage
      and digestion with Escherichia coli exonuclease III and Aspergillus orizae
      nuclease S1, that allows us to position a restriction fragment bearing the
      promoter of the lacZ gene of E. coli at virtually any distance in front of any
      cloned gene. In particular, we have used this method to examine the effect on
      protein production of gene-promoter separation for the cro gene of phage lambda
      and to produce plasmids that, upon transformation into appropriate E. coli hosts,
      direct the synthesis of up to 190,000 cro protein monomers per cell.

PMID- 370839
TI  - Anatomy, physiology and microbiology of the ruminant digestive tract.

PMID- 370841
TI  - The effects of diet and other factors on the lipid composition of ruminant
      tissues and milk.

PMID- 370840
TI  - Lipid metabolism in the rumen.

PMID- 370842
TI  - Cardiolipins: their chemistry and biochemistry.

PMID- 370843
TI  - Structure and biological activity of heparin and other glycosaminoglycans.

PMID- 370844
TI  - [Professor emeritus Dr. Ulrich Bogs on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 370845
TI  - [25-years of the Industrial Health Service].

PMID- 370846
TI  - [Psychotherapeutic methods].

PMID- 370847
TI  - [Industry in Zeran].

PMID- 370848
TI  - [Continuation of visits to Zeran].

PMID- 370849
TI  - [Necessity of bringing help].

PMID- 370850
TI  - Cranio-orbital correction for massive enlargement of the cranial vault.
AB  - A case is reported in which an immense cranial vault was reduced as part of the
      rehabilitation of a patient with severe hydrocephalus who had preservation of the
      intellect. This patient was selected carefully, and we do not advocate such
      procedures on every hydrocephalic. This patient was recumbent and bedridden prior
      to the procedure because of the size and weight of his head, but he was able to
      move freely in a wheelchair and attend a special school after the reduction of
      the skull.

PMID- 370851
TI  - Inhibition of myofibroblasts by skin grafts.
AB  - The myofibroblast population was studied by electron microscopy in rat wounds
      healing by (1) contraction of granulation tissue, (2) by coverage with split-skin
      grafts, and (3) by coverage with full-thickness skin grafts. In all 3 types of
      wounds, myofibroblasts appeared early and reached a peak number at two weeks
      after wounding. At this time, 40 to 50 percent of the wound fibroblasts had
      myofibroblast characteristics. The granulating wounds contracted rapidly and
      completely, and had long persistence of myofibroblasts. Split-skin grafted wounds
      contracted less and had a more rapid decrease in myofibroblasts. The wounds
      covered with full thickness skin grafts had a minimum of contraction with a very
      rapid decrease in the number of myofibroblasts until by 4 weeks no myofibroblasts
      were present. Full-thickness skin grafts thus appeared to influence contracting
      wounds not by preventing the formation of myofibroblasts, but by speeding up
      completion of their life cycle.

PMID- 370852
TI  - A new technique for skin grafting in avascular areas: a preliminary report.
AB  - A 3 X 3 cm, buried, split-skin graft will survive on an avascular bed if it is
      temporarily covered with a skin flap. Four cases of secondary ear reconstruction
      are presented, in which this technique was effectively used.

PMID- 370853
TI  - Pilar tumors.
AB  - We present 5 cases of pilar tumor, and we review the controversy over whether
      this tumor has a malignant potential. We feel the correct treatment is excision
      deep to galea, with a one to two cm margin of normal scalp. Presented with a
      pathology report of "pilar tumor" on a "shelled out" or ruptured sebaceous cyst,
      we feel the correct treatment is complete excision of the previous scar, going
      deep to the galea and taking a one to two cm margin of surrounding normal scalp.

PMID- 370854
TI  - Skin abnormalities of the back in diastematomyelia.
AB  - The presence of congenital skin abnormalities on the back may be associated with
      a serious underlying spinal anomaly, diastematomyelia. The significance of the
      progressive development of neurological deficits, due to the presence of a bony
      or cartilaginous spur in the spinal cord, is stressed. An awareness of this
      condition should lead to an early diagnosis with a neurological evaluation and,
      if necessary, prophylactic surgery before irreversible nerve damage develops.

PMID- 370855
TI  - Pathogenesis of skin flap necrosis from an underlying hematoma.

PMID- 370856
TI  - Study of effects of porcine skin and bovine dermis on the healing of split-skin
      graft donor sites in humans.
AB  - A study was undertaken of the effects of heterografts (lyophilized porcine skin
      or bovine dermis) on the healing of split-skin graft donor sites. When compared
      with a petrolatum gauze dressing, no advantages were found. Some disadvantages
      developed, however, which led us to discontinue their use.

PMID- 370857
TI  - Study of the delay phenomenon in axial pattern flaps in pigs.
AB  - A technique, using radioactively-tagged microspheres to measure the blood flow in
      delayed axial pattern flaps in the pig, is presented. The blood flow was
      significantly (p less than 0.01) increased in the delayed portion of these flaps,
      reaching maximal levels after 4 to 12 days of delay. Also, the blood flow to
      these flaps correlated with tissue survival during the first week after the delay
      (p less than 0.001).

PMID- 370858
TI  - Clinical salvage of three failing skin flaps by treatment with a vasodilator drug
      (by Frederick Finseth, M.D.). Commentary.

PMID- 370859
TI  - [In memorium: Prof. Mitsuzo Shimoda].

PMID- 370860
TI  - Problems in the assessment of analyzability.
AB  - As additional studies of assessment of analyzability have been reported, research
      has proven very difficult and provided little clarification. This paper reviews
      the literature, particularly of the last twenty-five years, from the viewpoint of
      identifying the nature of the problems in developing useful methods of study.
      Some approaches to these problems, which might provide increased understanding as
      well as a clearer definition of some inherent limitations, are discussed.

PMID- 370861
TI  - Patterns and issues in multiaxial psychiatric diagnosis.
AB  - The multiaxial diagnostic model, consisting in the systematic formulation of a
      patient's condition according to separate clinical variables of aspects, is
      receiving increasing attention in several parts of the world. This innovative
      model promises to improve diagnostic reliability and validity and involves many
      methodological challenges. This paper reviews patterns and issues in the
      conceptualization of axial content, number and organization of axes, dimensional
      versus categorical scaling, and evaluation and further development of multiaxial
      systems.

PMID- 370862
TI  - The clinical evaluation of obsessionality: a development of the Leyton
      Obsessional Inventory.
AB  - The Leyton Obessional Inventory gives both an indication of the range of
      obsessional symptoms present and the degree of resistance and interference
      associated with each symptom. A new method is described in which the covariation
      of resistance and interference is represented in the form of a matrix. The
      results, using this method, can give a unique picture of the quality of the
      patient's symptoms from the clinical standpoint and provide useful guidelines for
      treatment and follow up. Automatic data-provessing is offered for the convenience
      of clinicians and researchers wishing to utilize the test in this form.

PMID- 370863
TI  - Schizo-affective psychosis: definitions and incidence.
AB  - Eight definitions of schizo-affective psychosis have been compared in a sample of
      psychotic first admissions. Their mutual concordance is very low (mean 0.19)
      showing that there is very poor agreement about the meaning of the term 'schizo
      affective' at present. Ten patients (4.5% of admissions and 8% of psychotic
      admissions within the age group studied) satisfied 3 definitions, a figure which
      demonstrates the numerical importance of this group of unclassified mental
      disorders.

PMID- 370864
TI  - [Rational methods of preparation of pin-supported plastic crowns].

PMID- 370866
TI  - [Laboratory work from the dental technician's viewpoint (II)].

PMID- 370865
TI  - [Dental assistants and dental prosthetics--from the viewpoint of the dental
      assistant (I)].

PMID- 370867
TI  - [Laboratory work from the dental technician's viewpoint (III)].

PMID- 370868
TI  - [Rotating instruments for dental technic].

PMID- 370869
TI  - [Small motor, great effect. Sirona-motor, the drill drive for the dentist].

PMID- 370871
TI  - [The impression tray: an important instrument in dental practice].

PMID- 370870
TI  - [Functional repair of prostheses (I)].

PMID- 370872
TI  - [Function restoration of prostheses (II)].

PMID- 370873
TI  - [A miniaturized method for some biochemical tests of bacteric identification
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A miniaturized method for some biochemical tests of bacteric identification was
      presented. Results of quality control and comparisons with traditional method
      were reported.

PMID- 370874
TI  - [The normal and pathological proteic, immunological and cytoimmunological
      features of synovial fluid (author's transl)].
AB  - The A. describes the normal pathological proteic, immunological and cito
      immunological features of synovial fluid. According to these features, the
      synovial fluid have been classified into 3 groups: a) non-inflammatory, animmune
      fluids (without pathological immunitary features); b) inflammatory, normoimmune
      fluids (having immunological features with normal physiopathological reactions);
      c) inflammatory, iperimmune-disimmune fluids (with complex and abnormal
      immunological features). Histologically, they correspond to: a) non flogistic
      artrosynovitis (synoviosis, simple synovitis); b) inflammatory arthrosynovitis
      without tipical features (they are also described as cronic aspecific
      arthorosynovitis) or characterized by pathohomonic features (tubercolar
      synovitis, gouty synovitis. ecc.); c) rheumatoid arthrosynovitis (and
      inflammatory arthrosinovitis rheumatoid like). There is a generical correlation
      between histological aspects of groups a) and b) and humoral values of synovial
      fluid. Tipical correlations have been found between histological features of RA
      and humoral values of synovial fluid. These are expression of individual
      immunological reactivity of tissues in presence of rheumatoid factors. The
      tissutal reactivity can subiecy even to endogenous or exogenous causes.

PMID- 370875
TI  - [Correction possibilities in defective castings in crown and bridge technic].

PMID- 370876
TI  - [Technical possibility of blocking a multi-part bridge].

PMID- 370877
TI  - [Principles of frame construction in baked porcelain (III)].

PMID- 370878
TI  - [Form stability of duplicating materials].

PMID- 370879
TI  - [Handling suggestions for baked porcelain on NE-alloy].

PMID- 370880
TI  - [Remaking of a contact point].

PMID- 370881
TI  - [Principles of framework for baked porcelain (IV)].

PMID- 370882
TI  - [Basic of preprosthetic orthodontic treatment of tilted teeth].

PMID- 370883
TI  - [Handling suggestions for baked porcelain on NE-alloys (IV)].

PMID- 370884
TI  - [Facial prostheses from the viewpoint of the dental technician].

PMID- 370885
TI  - [Technical advances in baking a pontic on to a platinum pin].

PMID- 370886
TI  - [Handling suggestions for baked procelain on NE-alloys (V)].

PMID- 370887
TI  - Radiation Research 1954--1979.

PMID- 370888
TI  - Evidence for a unique in situ component of the repair of radiation damage.

PMID- 370889
TI  - Lower respiratory infections: how infants differ from adults.
AB  - Largely for anatomic reasons, the peripheral airways of infants are more
      susceptible to inflammatory narrowing than are those of adults. When infection
      occurs in the lower respiratory tract of an infant, the primary effect is likely
      to be on the smaller airways, not the alveoli. The results are airtrapping and
      atelectasis. This airway obstruction often causes severe respiratory
      embarrassment. It is recognized on chest films by generalized hyperinflation and
      irregularity of aeration. Small airway obstruction is a common and important
      manifestation of lower respiratory infection in infancy. True consolidative
      pneumonia is much less frequent.

PMID- 370890
TI  - Immunologic diseases and the lung.

PMID- 370891
TI  - Angiography of the thoracic systemic arteries.

PMID- 370892
TI  - Knowledge-based computer-assisted diagnosis of chest radiographs.
AB  - The computer can produce structured radiologic content which can potentially keep
      the radiologists current in radiology literature. As the radiologist continues to
      make observations and uses the available information, he has at his fingertips
      with the computer the current information to offer appropriate differential
      diagnosis and suggest appropriate patient follow up. The computer allows the
      radiologist to learn and grow rather than guess and hope.

PMID- 370893
TI  - Assessment of extravascular lung water.

PMID- 370894
TI  - Hysterosalpingography with Amipaque.
AB  - The authors report their initial experience with Amipaque (metrizamide) in
      hysterosalpingography. Amipaque was compared to Isopaque Cerebral in 37 patients,
      using a double-blind design. Excellent radiographs were obtained with both
      agents. No statistically significant difference in discomfort and pain was found
      up to 24 hours after the procedure. However, the aftereffects indicate that
      Amipaque might be less irritating to the pelvic peritoneal cavity.

PMID- 370895
TI  - In memoriam. Arthur W. Elliot, M.D., F.R.C.P. (C) 1927--1977.

PMID- 370896
TI  - In memoriam. Thomas Sparrow Long, M.D. 1914--1977.

PMID- 370897
TI  - In memoriam. Sidney Rubenfeld, M.D. 1907--1978.

PMID- 370898
TI  - In memoriam. Ilona Domok Scott, M.D. 1919--1978.

PMID- 370899
TI  - In memoriam. Asa Elmore Seeds. 1905--1978.

PMID- 370900
TI  - In memoriam. Joseph H. Wahlers, M.D. 1949--1977.

PMID- 370901
TI  - Computed tomographic evaluation of abdominal and pelvic abscesses.
AB  - The CT characteristics of abdominal and pelvic abscesses in 29 patients were
      analyzed. The pathological development of an abscess as it relates to the CT
      appearance is discussed. Findings such as low-density areas within a soft-tissue
      mass or a definable wall or rim, while seen in abscesses, can be seen in other
      pathological entities as well, such as hematomas, noninfected inflammatory
      masses, and cystic or necrotic tumors. The most specific CT sign of an abscess
      was extraluminal gas, seen in 38% of patients.

PMID- 370902
TI  - Radiobiological considerations in the use of total-body irradiation for bone
      marrow transplantation.
AB  - On radiobiological grounds, a therapeutic advantage should result when total body
      irradiation (TBI) in preparation for bone-marrow engraftment is given as a
      fractionated course, rather than as a single exposure at logistically reasonable
      dose rates. This is because cells of hemopoietic origin in general show less
      capacity for repair of sublethal radiation injury than do cells of other organs.
      Dose-limiting lung tolerance, in the context of fractionated TBI, is estimated to
      be at least 12 Gy (without correction) in increments of 2 Gy regardless of dose
      rate. A practical method for delivering TBI using a high-energy linear
      accelerator is described.

PMID- 370903
TI  - In memoriam: Frank M. Rice, M.D. 1900-1977.

PMID- 370904
TI  - Alteration of perirenal fat secondary to diffuse retroperitoneal infiltration.
AB  - Inflammatory effusions and diffuse neoplasia in the fatty retroperitoneal space,
      which can alter the perirenal fat, can be recognized radiographically because of
      density differences. The opacity of fluid and tumor accentuates the remaining fat
      which conforms to the renal contour. This perirenal fatty border appears as a
      lucent strip when the perirenal fat is not violated and as abnormal perirenal
      streakiness when the perirenal fat is infiltrated by fluid or tumor. Six cases
      are described.

PMID- 370905
TI  - Environmental and genetic determinants of connectivity in the central nervous
      system--an approach through dendritic field analysis.

PMID- 370906
TI  - Development of the hippocampus and fascia dentata: morphological and
      histochemical aspects.

PMID- 370907
TI  - Synapse selectivity in somatic afferent systems.

PMID- 370908
TI  - Do some sympathetic neurones synthesize and release both noradrenaline and
      acetylcholine?

PMID- 370910
TI  - Contributions of the passionate statistician (Florence Nightingale).

PMID- 370909
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Tadeusz Chorazak].

PMID- 370911
TI  - Florence Nightingale: saint or scientist?

PMID- 370912
TI  - Florence Nightingale as statistician.

PMID- 370913
TI  - [Measurement and applications of radon-222 in natural water (I). Application of
      hydrology (author's transl)].

PMID- 370914
TI  - [Measurement and applications of radon-222 in natural water (II). For earthquake
      prediction (author's transl)].

PMID- 370915
TI  - [Observations in the study of streptococci in the acute stage of rheumatic
      disease in our milieu].

PMID- 370916
TI  - [Present status of treatment of the chronic terminal renal patient in Brazil].

PMID- 370917
TI  - ["Form and function" through the ages].

PMID- 370918
TI  - [Wild reservoirs and vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi. LXX. Behavior of T. cruzi
      strains isolated from wild animals, in the Ricman and Robson test].

PMID- 370919
TI  - [Progressive waxing of anterior teeth--study of the canine guide].

PMID- 370920
TI  - [Urinary tract infections after renal transplantation].

PMID- 370921
TI  - [Response of LH to LH-RH in patients treated with carbi-L-dopa].

PMID- 370922
TI  - [Mitotic activity in keratotic lesions of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 370923
TI  - [Construction technique for a cleft obturator].

PMID- 370924
TI  - [Security at work in terms of risk factors (author's transl)].
AB  - Accident epidemiology aims at determining those factors which are associated with
      an increased risk. Here accidents at work are considered in which any given
      situation involves: one or many individuals (I); one or many tasks (T); one or
      many machines or production tools (M); an environment (E). Eight factors are
      proposed for each of which one of the above components is dominant. Each factor
      is defined and examples are given. In addition, where applicable, the following
      are given: subfactors; references to studies which demonstrate the association
      between risk and factor; one or several possible action mechanisms; proposals
      enabling a quantitative evaluation to be made for statistical purposes;
      suggestions for prevention. The factors are: Individual disposition (I) or
      liability. Worker's inexperience (I). Stress (T) imposed on the worker. Recovery
      (T) (an exceptional task must be performed in order to regain normal work
      conditions). Catachresis (M) (a tool is used for an unusual purpose or a machine
      is required to exceed normal work load). Material wear (M) or damage.
      Interference (E) between partially independent processes. Insufficient
      information (E) concerning the state of the system.

PMID- 370925
TI  - [Bactericidal power's assessment of eight antiseptic products intended to
      surgeon's hand-washing (author's transl)].
AB  - A standard hand-washing technique was used in order to test the relative
      effectiveness of eight both detergent and alcoholic preparations intended to
      surgeon's hands disinfection. A single four or seven minutes washing with
      alcoholic solutions was shown to eliminate a much larger proportion of the skin
      flora than could be removed by a single four or seven minutes hand-washing with
      detergent antiseptic preparations. Authors have also determined effect of wearing
      surgical rubber gloves after skin disinfection and compared viable bacterial
      counts in hand washings immediately after the antiseptic treatment and when
      gloves had been worn for one hour.

PMID- 370926
TI  - Ecological research as a base of epidemiological forecasting (in a natural focus
      of tularemia).

PMID- 370928
TI  - [25 years of organized anesthesia].

PMID- 370927
TI  - [Applications and limitations of immunological techniques in the sero
      epidemiological analysis of parasitic risk (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to be applicable to sero-epidemiology, serological reactions must lend
      themselves to micro-techniques and automation. Their results, notably concerning
      malaria, sleeping sickness, amoebiasis, schistosomiasis and filariasis,
      complement those of direct parasitological examination. Serology is often more
      accurate, but is also more costly and should be reserved for those cases in which
      other analytical methods are either impossible or too undependable (low
      transmission level). Serological methods generally involve little risk or false
      negativity, but they can be falsely positive and improvement of the specificity
      of available testing procedures is at present one of the major technological
      problems of parasitic sero-epidemiology.

PMID- 370929
TI  - [Continous administration of the new hypnotic Etomidate for balanced anesthesia].

PMID- 370930
TI  - [Mesenteric-cava prosthetic interposition. Decompressive treatment of portal
      hypertension].

PMID- 370932
TI  - [Cholemic tubulonephrosis].

PMID- 370931
TI  - [Current status of infectious endocarditis].

PMID- 370933
TI  - [Behavior of cellular and humoral immunity during acute and chronic HBSAG+
      hepatitis].

PMID- 370934
TI  - [Humoral immunological mechanisms in the chronicization of pyelonephritis].

PMID- 370935
TI  - [Recent progress in chemotherapy of multiple myeloma].

PMID- 370937
TI  - Clinical staging and new therapeutic approaches in multiple myeloma.

PMID- 370936
TI  - [Borderlines between rheumatology and infections: current status and prospects].

PMID- 370938
TI  - BCG in the immunotherapy of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas: preliminary
      results of a controlled trial.
AB  - Thirty-three patients exhibiting non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma with one or
      more criteria of poor prognosis and in whom complete remission had been induced
      by an association of chemo + radio + chemotherapy were randomized to either
      receive BCG or no further treatment. The present results indicate that BCG may be
      useful to maintain remission in about one-third of the patients, but these
      results are not yet significant.

PMID- 370940
TI  - Combined modality therapy of childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

PMID- 370941
TI  - Cellular renewal kinetics of malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
AB  - Although the DNA synthesis times of the dividing NHL cell types were found to be
      within the normal range (7--12 h), the generation times of these neoplastic
      lymphocytes seem to be prolonged. However, even with a normal percentage of
      proliferating lymphoma cells (=growth fraction), the total number of mitotically
      active neoplastic lymphocytes is considerably increased in each NHL due to
      extensive enlargement of the total cellularity of each patient's lymphatic
      system. Therefore, in each NHL patient, the total cellularity of each patients'
      lymphatic system. Therefore, in each NHL patient, the total number of newly
      produced lymphoma cells is significantly increased. According to the Kiel
      classification of the NHL, the NHL of low-grade malignancy are considered to be
      characterized by the proliferative constellation of an enhanced cell production
      associated with reduced or normal cell death rates, whereas in the NHL of high
      grade malignancy, increased cell death rates seem to be overcompensated by even
      higher cell renewal rates. These differences in the cellular proliferation
      kinetics of the NHL are supposed to be of higher prognostic and clinical
      significance than their B- or T-cell properties.

PMID- 370939
TI  - Preliminary results of chemoradiotherapy followed (or not ) by active
      immunotherapy of stage III and IV lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma: correlation
      of the results with WHO categorization.
AB  - One hundred and one patients with advanced (stage III and IV) LS and RS at the
      first presentation of the disease or on relapse were treated with a regimen
      combining initial chemotherapy, complementary radiotherapy on "icebergs,"
      supplementary chemotherapy, and finally, active immunotherapy. The overall
      complete remission rate was about 79% for LS and 73% for RS. About 50% of the
      patients were still in remission for both diseases after 2 years; 60% with LS
      were still alive after 2 years and 44% with Rs. This study shows the useful
      prognostic value of the WHO classification for LS and RS: the prognosis of
      prolymphocytic (centrofollicular) LS is far better than that of the lymphoblastic
      type, which is itself better than that of the very poor prognostic immunoblastic
      type. The prognosis of RS is intermediate between that of the best prognostic
      type and that of the poorest prognostic type of LS.

PMID- 370942
TI  - Staging in adult non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

PMID- 370943
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the upper digestive and respiratory tract:
      histopathology and implications for treatment.

PMID- 370944
TI  - Involvement of the nervous system in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

PMID- 370945
TI  - [The role of hormones for pregnancy maintenance and its control mechanism in the
      rat (author's transl)].

PMID- 370946
TI  - Determination of cardiac output in the mouse.
AB  - A technique is described for determination of cardiac output in the mouse. The
      method is basically a tracer dilution technique using 86-rubidium as soluble
      indicator, where a microsampler is used for blood collection and in which the
      gamma function fitting is applied for area determination.

PMID- 370947
TI  - [In memoriam of Gerardor Varela the teacher].

PMID- 370948
TI  - [The first case of Addison's disease in Chile (1878) (author's transl)].

PMID- 370949
TI  - [First natural population of E. coli bacteriophage isolated in Chile. I.
      Purification and identification of the virus and its host cell (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 370950
TI  - [Toxoplasma infection and pregnancy. Serologic exams in pregnant women and the
      newborn (author's transl)].

PMID- 370951
TI  - [Current problems and development of the concept of the psycho-organic syndrome
      in children, adults and the aged].

PMID- 370952
TI  - [Monoamine oxidase and its inhibitors. Physiological, physiopathological and
      pharmacotherapeutic considerations].

PMID- 370953
TI  - [Correction of incisional hernias: proposal of a new surgical technic].

PMID- 370954
TI  - Diflunisal and aspirin: a comparison of efficacy and nephrotoxicity in
      osteoarthritis.

PMID- 370955
TI  - [Electrophysiological findings in a case of stiff man syndrome associated with
      epilepsy and nocturnal myoclonus].

PMID- 370956
TI  - The possibility of identification of oligodendrocyte-myelin sheath processes in
      the white matter of rats.
AB  - When myelination is completed it is no longer possible to see with the EM the
      continuity of myelin sheath with the oligodendroglial processes. An
      ultrastructural study has been therefore carried out of the unmyelinated of the
      white matter to see whether it might be possible to recognize the presence of
      such continuity. The following were considered: 1) unmyelinated fibres in
      bundles, 2) astroglial processes, 3) large oligodendroglial processes, 4)
      tongues, 5) "fibre-like" processes (including tubulus and filamentes which are
      partly identifiable as either unmyelinated fibres or thin oligondendroglial
      processes). In addition to morphology, quantitative aspects were also considered
      such as area of section of each process and number of tubules and filamentes
      present in each section. No substantial quantitative differences were found
      between "fibre-like" processes and unmyelinated fibres in bundles. These findings
      failed to show any morphological evidence of connections between myelin sheaths
      and oligodendroglial processes. This however still possible that the
      oligodendroglial processes are so few in number in comparison with the
      unmyelinated fibers that their statistical contribution is negligeable and that
      no substantial error is made in identifying all "fibre-like" processes as
      unmyelinated fibres.

PMID- 370957
TI  - Does the MA-1 respirator make you nervous?

PMID- 370958
TI  - I saw the MA-1 through a patient's eyes--my own.

PMID- 370959
TI  - Experiences in clinical problem solving. Nursing decisions. Pre- and post-op care
      of a kidney transplant patient: what you need to know.

PMID- 370960
TI  - Experiences in clinical problem solving. Nursing decisions: pre- and post-op care
      of a kidney donor: what you need to know.

PMID- 370961
TI  - [Structure and biology of articular cartilage in the adult].

PMID- 370962
TI  - [Study of articular cartilage in arthrosis. Histological and biochemical data].
AB  - Arthrosis is characterized by destructive lesions of cartilage occuring in the
      pressure areas of the articular surfaces and leading to the denudation and
      erosion of the sub-chondral bone. At a further stage these lesions are
      distinguished from cartilage lesions due to aging and correspond to the
      progressive erosion of a tissue whose cells present mainly signs of degeneration
      and whose tissue contains few proteoglycans. The histologic appearance of the
      initial lesions of the cartilage remains a matter of controversy and ambiguity.
      Some look like fissures in relatively healthy tissues where the cells show signs
      of proliferation and hyperactivity. Others correspond to the fragmentation of
      tissues whose cells and connective tissues are severely damaged. The first
      biochemical changes of cartilage in arthrosis associate a disorder of
      proteoglycan aggregation and an increase in the water content. The modifications
      of proteoglycans could be due to the action of proteolytic enzymes or to a lack
      of synthesis due to changes in chondrocyte glycotransferase. The biochemical
      changes could be the cause of cartilage destruction following pressures, since
      they can decrease the resistance of the tissue. They could nevertheless, be
      secondary to rupture lesions of the collagen, due only to stress. Arthrosis can
      then be secondary to either a special weakness of the cartilage or abnormal
      stress factors.

PMID- 370964
TI  - Papers on rheumatology and osteoarticular lesions. 2d trimester 1978.

PMID- 370963
TI  - [Physiopathology of primitive arthrosis. Problems and hypotheses].
AB  - The origin and the evolution of the so-called primitive arthrosis represent two
      problems that hypotheses, developed by the authors, contribute to elucidate.
      Primitive arthrosis begins with a prearthrosic chondropathy which looks like the
      changes in the joint cartilage due to aging and due both to local conditions
      preventing the nutrition of the cartilage and to general factors causing failure
      of the system regulating the synthesis and the differentiation of articular
      tissues. These conditions are also relevant to primitive monoarthrosis,
      relatively rare in comparison with the frequency of secondary arthrosis and in
      comparison with arthrosis disease, which is the prototype of primitive
      polyarthrosis. The variable mixture of different local and general factors can
      explain the differences in evolution of primitive arthrosis, ranging from slow
      chondral erosion to accelerated destruction of bone and cartilage.

PMID- 370966
TI  - Die-spacing technique by diffusion precipitation.
AB  - The present study has shown that it is possible by utilizing the principle of
      diffusion to precipitate on stone dies an adequate resin spacer of uniform and
      desirable thickness. Details and variables of the technique are described. The
      precipitation technique is simple and requires a minimum of time and equipment.
      This spacer technique opens up gateways for a new and improved casting technique
      cleared of most of the variables affecting the precision of the methods employed
      up till now. A new gypsum bonded investment for the new casting technique is
      being developed.

PMID- 370965
TI  - Effect of experimental neutropenia on initial gingivitis in dogs.
AB  - The role of neutrophilic granulocytes in the loss of gingival collagen has been
      studied by inducing experimental neutropenia during initial gingivitis in beagle
      dogs. Neutropenia was induced for 4 d in three animals with normal gingiva by
      repeated injections of rabbit anti-neutrophil serum. During neutropenia microbial
      plaque was allowed to form on the teeth. Samples of junctional (crevicular)
      leukocytes and gingival fluid were taken on days 0 and 4. Block biopsies of
      buccal gingiva were obtained on day 4. Stained semi- and ultrathin sections were
      used for histometric and stereologic tissue analysis. Gingival fluid flow
      increased from day 0 to day 4 in all dogs while junctional leukocytes increased
      in one dog only. Subgingival plaque had formed in most biopsies, and in the
      junctional epithelium very few neutrophilic granulocytes were present. In the
      coronal connective tissue subjacent to the junctional epithelium lymphoid cells,
      structurally abnormal neutrophilic granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages were
      diffusely scattered. The gingival collagen appeared mainly displaced by the
      inflammatory cells rather than dissolved. The data suggest that neutrophilic
      granulocytes may contribute to the loss of gingival collagen during initial
      gingivitis in dogs. The neutrophils also seem to be of importance for the
      limitation of subgingival plaque growth along the tooth surface.

PMID- 370967
TI  - Reflex adrenergic gastrin release evoked by unloading of carotid baroreceptors in
      cats.
AB  - Gastric acid and pepsin output in response to 0.10 and 6.0 microgram . kg-1h-1 of
      pentagastrin response to complete elimination of the carotid baroreceptor
      discharge by cutting the bilateral sinus nerves. Such unloading of the
      baroreceptors simulates a blood pressure drop to 50--60 mmHg, resulting in a
      pronounced reflex increase in the activity of the sympatho-adrenal system.
      Cutting the sinus nerves caused an increased level of immuno-reactive gastrin in
      the portal plasma, and this elevated gastrin concentration was virtually 
      extinguished by bilateral adrenalectomy. We conclude that the carotid
      baroreceptors can influence the gastrin release by a reflex adjustment of the
      release of adrenal catecholamines.

PMID- 370968
TI  - Parietal and chief cell sensitivity to pentagastrin stimulation before and after
      cimetidine treatment for duodenal ulcer.
AB  - Gastric acid and pepsin output in response to 0.10 and 6.0 microgram . kg-1h-1 of
      pentagastrin was studied in ten duodenal ulcer patients before and after
      cessation of 6 weeks of cimetidine treatment, 1 g/day. Acid output in response to
      the low dose of pentagastrin was on average 63% of the response to the high dose
      before and on average 65% after treatment. The corresponding values for pepsin
      output were on average 88% both before and after treatment. Thus, the parietal
      and chief cell sensitivity stayed unchanged after cimetidine treatment. Mean
      maximal acid output decreased insignificantly, from 39.4 mmol/h before 34.9
      mmol/h after cimetidine treatment. The results suggest an unchanged gastric acid
      and pepsin secretion capacity after short-term treatment with cimetidine for
      duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 370969
TI  - Simple closure or definitive surgery for perforated duodenal ulcer.
AB  - In the period 1959--1971 a simple operative closure was the initial management of
      112 patients with acute perforation of duodenal ulcers. At follow-up 6--18 years
      after perforation the relevance of the length of ulcer history prior to
      perforation in deciding upon 'definitive' emergency operation is evaluated. Using
      such a selection criterion, the rate of misinterpretation at the time of
      perforation is close on 50%, and half of these patients would be subjected to an
      apparently unnecessary operation. Furthermore, about 80% of the patients for whom
      simple closure was not sufficient treatment developed ulcer dyspepsia within the
      first year after the perforation. Therefore, simple suture of a duodenal
      perforation with careful clinical follow-up for at least 1 year is recommended.

PMID- 370970
TI  - Evidence for predominant involvement of the B-cell system in the inflammatory
      process in Crohn's disease.
AB  - The cellular infiltrate in the walls of resected ileum and colon specimens
      obtained from patients with Crohn's disease was analysed. Mononuclear cells in
      tissue sections were characterized by the use of surface membrane markers and
      immuno-histochemical and enzyme histochemical techniques. It was found that: [1]
      B cells, as judged by the presence of surface membrane immunoglobulin and C3
      receptors and the absence of alpha-naphthylacetate esterase and acid phosphatase
      activity, were the predominant type of cells in the intestinal infiltrate often
      found in close relation with smaller numbers of non-B cells; [2] all types of
      immunoglobulin-containing cells were increased in number with a shift in the
      ratio of IgA/IgG/IgM-containing cells in favour of the IgG- and IgM-containing
      cells; and [3] the histopathological reaction of the regional draining lymph
      nodes showed hyperplasia of B-cell areas (follicles and medulla) and small or
      absent T-cell areas (paracortex), consistent with a B-cell response. Our results
      indicate that the inflammatory process in the bowel wall in Crohn's disease
      mainly reflects stimulation of the B-cell system.

PMID- 370971
TI  - Sequential flow cytometric analysis of cellular DNA-content in peripheral blood
      during treatment for acute leukaemia.
AB  - Sequential flow cytometric analysis (FCM) of relative nuclear DNA content per
      cell was done in peripheral blood of 12 patients during treatment for acute
      leukaemia. A marked increase of cells with S-phase DNA-content during the first
      hours of treatment was found in patients responding favorably to treatment. One
      patient with increase of 'S-phase cells' died before clinical improvement could
      be evaluated. However, lack of S-phase increase at one treatment cycle did not
      exclude a favorable response in the next. Two cases with probable aneuploid
      leukaemia showed gradual disappearance of abnormal cells during therapy. The
      value of FCM analysis of peripheral blood seems to be in predicting the response
      to treatment before clinical signs appear.

PMID- 370972
TI  - Antibody response in rabbits to Mycobacterium bovis BCG.
AB  - The specificity of the immune response after immunization with Mycobacterium
      bovis BCG was studied by crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel in a
      BCG/anti-BCG system, in which the reaction against thirty distinct components of
      BCG was recorded. After a single injection of total sonicate of 3 mg (dry weight)
      bacilli, the antibody response was markedly similar in eight rabbits. Th earliest
      and strongest response was directed against nine components of BCG; all but one
      of these belonged to the group of thirteen components that cross-react
      extensively with other mycobacteria. After repeated immunization with sonicate
      from about 0.8 microgram of BCG bacilli, five components still induced a marked
      antibody response. All but one of these components are among the most widely
      cross-reacting BCG components, and the observations made after subsequent
      challenge with the higher dose of BCG indicate that low-zone tolerance was
      induced against other components of the bacilli. The implication of these
      findings concerning formation of anti-mycobacterial antibodies in normal
      individuals and during mycobacterial infection is discussed.

PMID- 370973
TI  - [Indications for hemodialysis and kidney transplantation].
AB  - Results of dialysis treatment and kidney transplantation are discussed on the
      basis of data on survival, quality of life and cost. Influence of age, diabetes
      mellitus and hypertensive vascular disease on various type of treatment is
      outlined.

PMID- 370974
TI  - [Clinical picture, diagnosis and therapy of renovascular hypertension].

PMID- 370975
TI  - [Development of biochemical research in cystic fibrosis].

PMID- 370976
TI  - [Clinical study of the tolerance for 2 iodine containing contrast media for
      computerized tomography of the skull].
AB  - Clinical tolerance of two iodine contrast media (Na-methylglucamine-diatrizoate
      and Na-ioxitalamate) was tested in 1,628 patients requiring enhancing during
      computed tomography. Na-methylglucamine-diatrizoate was administered to 53.1% and
      the rest received Na-ioxitalamate. Infusion time was 4-6 min and the administered
      contrast quantity was 250 ml. Contrast medium injection was withheld from
      patients with known severe allergic disease, but in cases with known mild
      allergic reactions the contrast medium was given only after prophylactic
      administration of cortisone. Na-ioxitalamate was extremely well tolerated,
      causing only 0.11% (one patient) adverse effects, whereas in the case of Na
      methylglucamine-diatrizoate a total of 42 side reactions were observed in 2.87%
      (22) of the patients. These reactions chiefly consisted of nausea and vomiting,
      which disrupted the CT examination and may endanger patients because of possible
      lung aspiration. Good tolerance of ioxitalamate seems mainly due to the chemical
      configuration of the organic iodine compound and the sodium salt of the contrast
      medium. The slow infusion time of 4-6 min - which is desirable in CT examination 
      contributes further to the good tolerance of ioxitalamate when different
      infusion times for this contrast medium are compared. The differing amount of
      iodine in the two contrast media and their different toxicity for the blood-brain
      barrier did not influence their enhancing quality, nor did these two factors
      modify relevant aspects for the diagnosis of intracranial lesions.

PMID- 370978
TI  - [Backdoor to Hinduism: transcendential meditation].

PMID- 370977
TI  - [Complications of nephrotic syndrome with special reference to thromboembolic
      accidents].
AB  - The nephrotic syndrome may be associated with several complications caused by
      severe proteinuria. The consequences of severe renal protein loss are
      disturbances of water and electrolyte metabolism, thromboses and thromboembolic
      complications, hyperlipidemia with accelerated atherosclerosis and, finally, some
      other complications due to the decreased oncotic pressure and the renal loss of
      transport globulins and immunoglobulins. Diagnosis and treatment of these
      complications are important in the management of patients with nephrotic
      syndrome. In the present study, the frequency and localization of thromboses and
      thromboembolic complications in 11 patients with nephrotic syndrome are
      described. In addition, factors which are known to be responsible for the
      hypercoagulable state in nephrotic syndrome were evaluated and correlated to the
      thromboembolic complications in these patients. An important finding was that in
      all patients with thromboses and thromboembolic complications, the serum albumin
      concentrations were below 2 g/100 ml, whereas, with one exception, serum albumin
      levels were above 2 g/100 ml in cases without thromboembolic complications. Our
      results indicate that serum albumin levels may be used as an indirect parameter
      to assess the risk of thromboembolic complications in patients with nephrotic
      syndrome.

PMID- 370979
TI  - Binding of cis- and trans-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) to DNA: evidence for
      unwinding and shortening of the double helix.
AB  - The antitumor drug cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (cis-DDP) and the inactive
      trans isomer bind and produce cooperative changes in closed and nicked circular
      duplex DNA's. Covalent binding of both platinum complexes to the closed circular
      DNA alters the degree of supercoiling, presumably by disrupting and unwinding the
      double helix. Electron micrographs show the platinated DNA's to be shortened by
      up to 50 percent of their original length. At similar ratios of bound platinum
      per nucleotide, the electrophoretic mobilities of the DNA's in gels containing
      the dye ethidium bromide are the same for both isomers. The only detectable
      difference in the binding of the two platinum isomers is an increase in the
      electrophoretic mobility in nondye gels of closed circular DNA having small
      amounts of bound cis-DDP that is not apparent for the trans complex.

PMID- 370980
TI  - Controversy over study of diabetes drugs continues for nearly a decade.

PMID- 370981
TI  - Henry Waxman still faces an uphill battle.

PMID- 370982
TI  - Extraarticular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 370984
TI  - Functional proteins of the human red blood cell membrane.

PMID- 370983
TI  - Spectrin-actin membrane skeleton of normal and abnormal red blood cells.

PMID- 370985
TI  - Prophylactic antibiotics and antibiotic resistance.

PMID- 370986
TI  - Significance for the fetus of sexually acquired maternal infection with
      mycoplasma, chlamydia, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

PMID- 370987
TI  - Bacteriuria and pyelonephritis during pregnancy.

PMID- 370989
TI  - The group B beta-hemolytic streptococcus.

PMID- 370988
TI  - Rubella virus and rubella vaccine.

PMID- 370990
TI  - Amniotic fluid antibacterial mechanisms: newer concepts.
AB  - In this review the factors present in human amniotic fluid that may function to
      inhibit bacterial growth have been examined. It appears that several potential
      antibacterial systems are present. Lysozyme and B-lysin may significantly
      contribute to the killing of gram-positive bacteria. Whether or not the remaining
      antibacterial systems function to inhibit gram-positive organisms remains to be
      determined. The phosphate-sensitive bacterial inhibitor recently described in our
      laboratory may represent the primary defense mechanism against gram-negative
      bacteria in amniotic fluid. Studies are warranted to ascertain whether this
      antibacterial system also inhibits gram-positive bacteria. The phosphate
      sensitive bacterial inhibitor is quite different from other bacterial inhibitors
      in at least three respects. The system is very sensitive to the ubiquitous
      phosphate anion. The reason for this sensitivity is unknown and is difficult to
      explain phylogenetically, since phosphates are present virtually everywhere. To
      our knowledge this is the first antibacterial system of human origin which has
      been shown to require a metal cation as an integral part of the bactericidal
      effect. The peptide component of the phosphate-sensitive bacterial inhibitor is
      also unique in that it is of the molecular size of antibiotics or hormones.
      Additionally, the peptide does not appear to contain any unusual amino acids to
      explain its antibacterial activity. The mechanism of bacterial destruction of the
      phosphate-sensitive bacterial inhibitor, and its relation to the other
      antibacterial systems in amniotic fluid, remain to be elucidated.

PMID- 370991
TI  - Premature rupture of membranes and the influence of invasive monitoring
      techniques upon fetal and newborn infection.

PMID- 370993
TI  - Congenital anomalies and normal variants.

PMID- 370992
TI  - Dynamics of antibiotic transfer from mother to fetus.

PMID- 370994
TI  - [Anatomical studies on the deciduous roots and the alveolar portions of the
      children skulls. 1. The depth of the socket and the thickness of the wand of the
      socket (author's transl)].

PMID- 370995
TI  - [Anatomical studies on the deciduous roots and the alveolar portions of the
      children skulls. 2. Position in relation to the bone sac and tooth germ (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 370996
TI  - [The endocrine islands of the pancreas].

PMID- 370997
TI  - On the mechanism of sensory transduction in bacterial chemotaxis.
AB  - Sensory transduction in bacterial chemotaxis is beginning to be understood at the
      molecular level. At the receptor end, we have some considerable knowledge about
      the molecular properties of chemoreceptors. At the effector end, we know that
      flagella rotate and that the direction of rotation is determined by attractants
      and repellents, although we do not yet know the molecular features of the motor
      and the gear shift. Between the receptors and the effectors is a system for
      integrating the sensory transduction, which somewhow involves methylation of
      membrane proteins and possibly a change in membrane potential, but further
      details of how the mechanism works remain to be elucidated. It seems to us likely
      that the facts and concepts learned from a study of sensory transduction in
      bacteria can be applied to answering questions about transduction mechanisms in
      eukaryotic cells. Examples include the following: How do sensory stimuli produce
      their effects in sensory receptor cells? How do neurotransmitters act at
      receptors of postsynaptic cells to produce the variety of effects possible
      (changes in membrane potential, in secretion, in contraction, etc.)? How do
      hormones interact with their receptors to bring about various responses?

PMID- 370998
TI  - Control of development by ionic currents.

PMID- 370999
TI  - Microneurovascular surgery.

PMID- 371001
TI  - Tungiasis in Tennessee.
AB  - Tungiasis, an infestation by a burrowing flea, may cause multiple, painful
      lesions which, if they become secondarily infected, may eventuate in death. With
      increasing air travel to tropical areas, American physicians should recognize the
      lesion of this intracutaneous parasite. The fully developed lesion resembles an
      abscess with a black center. An infestation diagnosed in Memphis, Tennessee, is
      reported in a businessman who had returned from Brazil. Treatment consists of
      excision of the gravid female flea and careful cleaning of the cystic cavity.
      Healing is usually complete without sequelae. In an early infestation, the
      smaller gravid female, like a splinter, can be removed with a sterile needle.
      Tetanus prophylaxis may be indicated, depending on the wound and its location.

PMID- 371002
TI  - Behavior modification and haloperidol in chronic facial pain.
AB  - Neuralgiform pain and migrainous pain, both of which are amenable to drug
      therapy, comprise a relatively small percentage of the group of patients with
      facial pain who come to the practitioner's office. The largest group of facial
      pain patients are those with myofascial connective tissue disorders. A second
      group includes patients with neuropathic pain due to trauma such as oral surgery.
      A third group is made up of those without any identifiable focus of pain in the
      extracranial tissue. In these three nonneuralgiform and nonmigrainous groups, it
      is thought that personality factors affecting psychophysiologic mechanisms are of
      great importance. These patients are generally difficult to treat. A variety of
      modalities of therapy, such as behavior modification, hypnosis, and biofeedback,
      has been reported as helpful in some of these patients. In this report we focus
      on 12 subjects who failed with all these forms of therapy. We found that they
      responded to relaxation therapy (after Jacobson) along with haloperidol. We
      describe further characteristics of these patients and details of our method of
      treatment.

PMID- 371000
TI  - Septicemia in children with cancer.
AB  - Because of the persistently high mortality from sepsis in cancer patients, a
      retrospective study was designed to identify the causative organisms and to
      determine the factors affecting the outcome of sepsis. A total of 84 episodes of
      septicemia in 61 children with cancer were studied. The more frequently isolated
      organisms were: Staphylococcus aureus (21.4%); Escherichia coli (18%); Klebsiella
      (7.1%); Pseudomonas (6%); and Bacteroides fragilis (6%). Other isolates included
      Proteus, Serratia, Acinetobacter, hemolytic Streptococcus, and Bacillus cereus.
      In 10.7% of septic episodes, mixed bacterial infections were documented. Twenty
      four (28.6%) resulted in death; in 13 (54%) death occurred within 24 hours after
      admission. The fatality rate was high in cases associated with absolute
      polymorphonuclear leukocyte counts of less than 100/cu mm, in neoplastic relapse,
      and when infection with gram-negative, anaerobic and mixed bacterial flora
      occurred.

PMID- 371003
TI  - Cholesterol embolism: the great masquerader.
AB  - Embolization of cholesterol crystals from ulcerated atheromatous lesions can
      produce distinct syndromes that mimic more common disease processes. Cholesterol
      emboli can present as renal failure, hypertension, spells of numbness, abdominal
      pain, and myocardial infarction, or as a multisystem disease that closely
      approximates the presentation, clinical course, and even biopsy picture of
      polymyositis or periarteritis nodosa. A review of this problem with particular
      attention to the clinical presentations should help in the early diagnosis and
      treatment of cholesterol emboli and avoid unnecessary and inappropriate
      therapies.

PMID- 371004
TI  - Cystic fibrosis: diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

PMID- 371005
TI  - Grand rounds: Nashville VA Hospital--Vanderbilt University. Saturday conference:
      renal disease in the juvenile diabetic.
AB  - Renal disease, particularly glomerulosclerosis, is a major cause of morbidity and
      mortality in patients with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus. Signaled by the
      onset of proteinuria after 15 or more years of insulin therapy, progressive renal
      insufficiency due to glomerulosclerosis terminates in uremia within five years.
      Although some patients have benefited from chronic dialysis programs, the outcome
      in uremic diabetics has been considerably better if successful renal
      transplantation can be accomplished. Extrarenal complications of diabetes
      mellitus and recurrence of diabetic lesions in transplanted kidneys have hampered
      the recovery and rehabilitation of transplant recipients. Other renal diseases
      encountered in juvenile diabetics are reviewed.

PMID- 371006
TI  - Eponym: Pancoast's syndrome: apex of the pulmonary examination.

PMID- 371007
TI  - Pathophysiologic considerations in peptic ulcer disease.

PMID- 371008
TI  - Pilot trial of a sulfated polysaccharide in the treatment of duodenal ulcer
      disease.

PMID- 371009
TI  - Patterns of infection in untreated acute leukemia: impact of initial
      hospitalization.
AB  - Several previous authors have examined the association between infection and
      acute leukemia, especially at the time of death, but none has assessed this
      problem at the time of diagnosis and initial hospitalization. We have undertaken
      a retrospective review of cases of acute leukemia diagnosed at the affiliated
      hospitals of the State University of New York at Buffalo. Results suggest that
      bacteriologic findings in this population initially resemble those in the general
      outpatient population. Gram-negative bacilli, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
      appear as important pathogens after the first week of hospitalization. A
      statistically significant association with prolonged granulocytopenia and use of
      antibiotics develops during this course. As a consequence of these data, we
      recommend careful culture and clinical delineation of the early infection,
      choosing the narrowest spectrum of antibiotic coverage appropriate to the
      infection present as data evolve.

PMID- 371010
TI  - Epidemiology of cerebrovascular disease.

PMID- 371012
TI  - George Dock: excerpts from the 34th Dock lecture.

PMID- 371011
TI  - Eponym: William Alexander Hammond: notorious neurologist of note.

PMID- 371014
TI  - Metastatic lymphoma in the ureter complicated by bacteremia and fungemia.
AB  - A 64-year-old woman presented with retroperitoneal lymphoma metastatic to the
      left ureter. Lymphoma was not diagnosed and her clinical course was not fully
      explained until after surgery. The lack of superficial lymphoma delayed diagnosis
      and therefore prevented effective treatment. Her situation became unmanageable
      when it was complicated by bacteremia (E coli) and fungemia (Candida albicans).

PMID- 371013
TI  - Transurethral passage of Aspergillus fungus balls in acute myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - A patient with acute myelocytic leukemia who had a chronic febrile illness during
      the induction of remission of leukemia developed asymptomatic discrete pulmonary
      infiltrates which rapidly evolved into cavities containing homogeneous opacities.
      Over the next five weeks, the cavities resolved without specific treatment. The
      patient subsequently passed large fungus balls in the urine, and the diagnosis of
      disseminated aspergillosis was made. A course of intravenous amphotericin B
      therapy was completed without complications. This case demonstrates the
      importance of culturing urine specifically for fungal organisms in the
      immunosuppressed host.

PMID- 371015
TI  - [Treatment of rheumatoid polyarthritis using the intra-articular administration
      of iodine preparations].

PMID- 371016
TI  - [Local treatment of early knee joint lesions in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 371017
TI  - [The 50th anniversary of Richard Kania, M.D].

PMID- 371018
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Chief Physician Vladimir Hruska].

PMID- 371019
TI  - [Abnormal fine structure of the joint (author's transl)].

PMID- 371020
TI  - Status and prospects of genetic disease.
AB  - The current status of our knowledge of genetic diseases is reviewed. The
      incidence of monogenic, multifactorial and chromosomal disorders, according to
      the literature to date, is given, and the possibilities of mass screening
      programmes are discussed. The prospects for antenatal diagnosis of genetic
      diseases are reviewed, with emphasis on the indications for amniocentesis and the
      safety of the procedure. Finally, speculations are made regarding the possible
      effects of medical and social practices on the frequency of genetic disorders in
      future generations.

PMID- 371021
TI  - Oxprenolol slow-release with cyclopenthiazide-KCl compared with methyldopa in the
      treatment of essential hypertension. A multicentre general practice trial.
AB  - Two hundred and thirty-eight patients with essential hypertension from 39 general
      practice centres were treated in a double-blind trial with either oxprenolol 160
      mg in a slow-release (SR) formulation with cyclopenthiazide 0,25 mg and potassium
      chloride 600 mg given once daily, or methyldopa 250 mg 3 times daily. After a 2
      week placebo washout period, each patient was treated for 10 weeks. Both
      treatments significantly reduced blood pressure. Oxprenolol SR plus
      cyclopenthiazide-KCl was shown to possess significantly superior antihypertensive
      activity to methyldopa. Pulse rate, as expected, was significantly decreased by
      the beta-blocker and virtually unaffected by methyldopa. The overall incidence of
      side-effects was low. The incidence of sleepiness and dry mouth was significantly
      higher in the methyldopa group, and erythema in the oxprenolol group. The
      principle of general practitioners conducting multi-centre double-blind trials
      for research purposes, on drugs which are predominantly given to ambulatory
      patients, has been established for the first time in South Africa. Virtually no
      difficulty was encountered in getting patients' consent in the general practice
      milieu.

PMID- 371023
TI  - Selection of medical students--a review.

PMID- 371022
TI  - [The history of medical education in South Africa].

PMID- 371024
TI  - Fifty years of the medical council.

PMID- 371025
TI  - Dr A. C. Jackson.

PMID- 371026
TI  - Postgraduate education at the University of Cape Town.

PMID- 371027
TI  - The effects of canthaxanthin on the photocutaneous manifestations of porphyria.
AB  - An open trial with canthaxanthin, a photoprotective agent, was carried out on 7
      patients with erythrohepatic protoporphyria (EHP), 5 patients with variegate
      porphyria (VP), and 2 patients with symptomatic porphyria (SP). In 4 of the 7
      patients with EHP, sun tolerance was significantly but only moderately increased.
      In 2 children sun tolerance was greatly increased. Only 2 of the 5 patients with
      VP and 1 of the 2 patients with SP showed any improvement.

PMID- 371028
TI  - The anti-arrhythmic efficacy of perhexiline maleate, disopyramide and mexiletine
      in ventricular ectopic activity.
AB  - The anti-arrhythmic efficacy of perhexiline maleate, disopyramide and mexiletine
      has been evaluated in 27 patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease who
      exhibited frequent ventricular ectopic beats (i.e. greater than or equal to 8/h).
      Holter tape recordings were made during normal working hours before, during and
      after the sequential administration of the three drugs. Each drug was
      administered to each patient for a 2-month period. The drug had to be
      discontinued in 4 cases because of side-effects. A significant reduction (P less
      than 0,001) in ectopic beat frequency occurred with all three drugs. No
      significant difference in anti-arrhythmic potency could be demonstrated between
      the drugs.

PMID- 371029
TI  - Streptococcal sore throat.

PMID- 371030
TI  - Long-term treatment with cimetidine.
AB  - Forty-seven patients were treated in a double-blind trial to evaluate the
      efficacy of 400 mg cimetidine, an H2- receptor antagonist (Tagamet; SKF), twice a
      day in the prevention of recurrent duodenal ulcers. A total of 7 patients was not
      considered in the final evaluation; 6 patients withdrew, while 1 patient did not
      maintain the prescribed treatment. Of the remaining 40 patients, 26 took
      cimetidine and 14 placebo. Ulcers recurred in all placebo patients within a year.
      Of the cimetidine patients, 2 had recurrent ulcers within a year, while 3 more
      had other endoscopic abnormalities at the termination of treatment. The remaining
      21 patients (80,8%) had no abnormalities which could be endoscopically observed
      at the end of a year. It may be concluded that a maintenance dose of cimetidine
      significantly reduces the risk of recurrence of a duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 371031
TI  - The effects of hepatitis A and B in pregnancy on mother and fetus.
AB  - A woman who developed hepatitis B during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy gave
      birth to a preterm, small-for-gestational-age infant whose blood also contained
      hepatitis B antigen. The effects of viral hepatitis on the fetus are reviewed and
      an approach to the management of such pregnancies is formulated.

PMID- 371032
TI  - Effects of prenatal fenoterol, phenobarbitone and dexamethasone administration on
      the total phospholipid content of amniotic fluid.
AB  - The effect of prenatally administered phenobarbitone, fenoterol (a beta
      sympathomimetic drug) and dexamethasone on fetal pulmonary maturity, as measured
      by the total phospholipid (TPL) content of amniotic fluid, was assessed. Compared
      with control values, there was a significantly greater rise after fenoterol (P
      less than 0,01) and dexamethasone (P less than 0,01), but not after
      phenobarbitone administration. The ability of dexamethasone to convert the TPL
      value to mature levels (greater than or equal 2,0 microgram/ml) was significantly
      greater than that of fenoterol (P less than 0,05).

PMID- 371033
TI  - Fatal veno-occlusive disease of the liver after chemotherapy, whole-body
      irradiation and bone marrow transplantation for refractory acute leukaemia.
AB  - Rapid onset of liver failure with fatal outcome occurred in a young woman after
      successful bone marrow transplantation undertaken for refractory acute leukaemia.
      Centrilobular necrosis was demonstrated at autopsy and was attributed to prior
      cytotoxic chemotherapy, possibly potentiated by the total-body irradiation that
      was used in preparation for the transplant. This association between liver damage
      and prolonged drug therapy, coupled with the short median survival currently
      achieved within these chemotherapy regimens, has initiated an evaluation of bone
      marrow transplantation in patients with leukaemia during the first complete
      remission, rather than at a later stage when cumulative drug toxicity to the
      liver may have taken place.

PMID- 371034
TI  - Bicitropeptide, antacid and placebo in gastric and duodenal ulceration. A two
      centre, double-blind, comparative endoscopic study.
AB  - A bismuth-peptide complex (BCP Compound), an antacid (Maalox) and corresponding
      placebos were studied in a 6-week comparative double-blind trial of treatment in
      106 randomized ambulant patients with endoscopically proven duodenal and gastric
      ulcers. Patients were examined after 1, 3 and 6 weeks' treatment and results
      assessed separately for duodenal and gastric ulcers on endoscopic evidence at
      weeks 3 and 6 respectively. Bicitropeptide was significantly better than antacid
      and placebo at 3 and 6 weeks for treatment of both duodenal and gastric ulcers.
      In the bicitropeptide group 100% of the patients in the duodenal ulcer group and
      95,2% in the gastric ulcer group responded to treatment (improved or healed). No
      haematological or biochemical changes were noted and no adverse effects were
      recorded.

PMID- 371035
TI  - Pituitary tumours in pregnancy. A case report.
AB  - A case report is presented of acromegaly occurring during pregnancy. The problems
      arising in association with pituitary tumours in pregnancy are discussed and
      current views on management are outlined.

PMID- 371036
TI  - Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of guanabenz versus clonidine.
AB  - The antihypertensive efficacy and safety of guanabenz were evaluated against
      clonidine in two groups of 18 patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension.
      Both compounds reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the doses used,
      whether pressures were measured in the supine or standing positions. Side
      effects, such as dry mouth and drowsiness, were similar in both groups of
      patients. No postural hypotension occurred.

PMID- 371037
TI  - Measles and the state of nutrition.
AB  - The severity of an attack of measles is largely determined by the underlying
      state of nutrition at the time of the attack. Evidence is presented which
      suggests that, conversely, measles may be responsible for the precipitation of
      malnutrition in undernourished children, by a combination of several different
      mechanisms.

PMID- 371038
TI  - Increase in surface immunoglobulin-bearing cells and a relative decrease in
      complement receptor cells in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

PMID- 371039
TI  - Group B streptococci in blacks.
AB  - Vaginal swabs were taken from 60 Black women attending a family planning clinic
      and from 60 attending a special clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. Using
      selective media, the isolation rate for group B streptococci was 26,7% in the
      former group and 40,0% in the latter. The isolation rates of other streptococcal
      serogroups are also given. All group B streptococci isolated were uniformly
      sensitive to penicillin but resistant to gentamicin. Clinical details of 7
      patients with group B streptococcal septicaemia are also given.

PMID- 371040
TI  - Health protection and military medicine in the Soviet Union (on the occasion of
      the 60th anniversary of the Soviet Army Force).

PMID- 371041
TI  - William Harvey and the anatomo-pathological dissection he performed on Thomas
      Parr's corpse (on the occasion of the 400 years anniversary of W. Harvey's
      birth).

PMID- 371042
TI  - The specialized medical attendance in the Mongolian People's Republic.

PMID- 371043
TI  - [The components of the inflammatory process].

PMID- 371044
TI  - Stereotaxic pontine spinothalamic tractotomy.
AB  - Radiofrequency lesions of the spinothalamic tract in the pons have been made in
      five patients with pain from malignant disease. In all cases relief from pain in
      the upper limbs and neck was obtained. No important dysesthesias were reported
      postoperatively. Findings on stimulation in the target and elsewhere in the pons
      are described. In one case the lesion was verified on postmortem examination.

PMID- 371045
TI  - Sixto Obrador 1911--1978.

PMID- 371046
TI  - Major reviews, chronological list, 1968-1979.

PMID- 371047
TI  - Stenoses and functional disorders of the lacrimal drainage apparatus.
      Radiological examination.
AB  - The diagnosis of epiphora can be greatly aided by a special radiologic technique,
      performed during bilateral injection of contrast medium into the lacrimal
      passages and utilizing seriography, magnification and image subtraction. The
      authors describe the technique, discuss the interpretation of the various
      radiologic patterns, and stress the importance of this method for evaluating
      inflammation, stenoses and functional alterations of the lacrimal passages.

PMID- 371048
TI  - Reduction of postoperative infection in elective colon surgery with preoperative
      administration of kanamycin and erythromycin.
AB  - The results of a randomized prospective preoperative antibiotic study in colon
      surgery is presented. Antibiotics were given by mouth for 2 days prior to
      operation: kanamycin (1 gm four times a day) and erythromycin (750 mg three times
      a day). Kanamycin combined with erythromycin significantly reduced wound
      infection as compared to kanamycin with a placebo (three of 38 vs. 16 of 39, P
      less than 0.001). Thus oral aminoglycoside given alone appears to be inadequate
      to offer protection against postoperative infection in elective colon surgery.

PMID- 371049
TI  - Lord Moynihan of Leeds.

PMID- 371050
TI  - [Orientation toward meditation in need].

PMID- 371051
TI  - [Student nurses arrange own ward and are patient and nursing staff for 4 days: it
      will soon be difficult to distinguish play from reality].

PMID- 371052
TI  - [Demand for dental care in a normal population. A survey of demands for
      rehabilitation. II].

PMID- 371053
TI  - [Bificol in the complex treatment of patients with infectious diseases].

PMID- 371054
TI  - A general formula for the sensitivity of population growth rate to changes in
      life history parameters.

PMID- 371055
TI  - [Long-term treatment of organic psychosyndrome. Psychometric studies with delayed
      action Piribedil].

PMID- 371056
TI  - Aerosol salbutamol administration by IPPB: lowest effective dose.
AB  - This study was conducted to determine whether small doses of salbutamol solution,
      aerosolised and delivered by intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB),
      would be as effective as the 5 to 10 mg dose usually recommended for inhalational
      use. In nine asthmatic subjects we found that there was no significant difference
      between the peak bronchodilator effect of 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg of salbutamol
      solution as assessed by FEV1 (P greater than 0.05). The 5 mg dose of salbutamol
      solution caused a significantly longer duration of effect than the 1.0 mg and
      smaller doses of salbutamol, but it also caused four of the nine subjects to
      complain of unwanted effects. In addition, a radiotracer technique in four normal
      subjects showed that an inverse relationship exists between the amount of aerosol
      deposited in the lungs and the tidal folume of IPPB. The maximum dose deposited
      in the lungs was about 10% of that initially present in the nebuliser.

PMID- 371058
TI  - The thorax in history. 6. Circulation of the blood.

PMID- 371057
TI  - Inhaled antihistamines--bronchodilatation and effects on histamine- and
      methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction.
AB  - To assess further the bronchodilator activity of inhaled antihistamines ten
      stable asthmatic subjects inhaled aerosols of clemastine, 1 mg/ml, and saline
      placebo administered double blind. Subjects underwent bronchial challenge with
      increasing concentrations of histamine and methacholine, and specific airways
      conductance was measured by whole body plethysmography at each concentration.
      There was a significant 21.9% increase in specific airways conductance after
      inhalation of clemastine. Subjects could tolerate significantly higher mean
      concentrations of histamine when treated with clemastine than with saline. The
      shift of the cumulative log histamine dose-reponse curve suggests that such
      protection is due to competitive antagonism to the inhaled clemastine. Clemastine
      did not protect subjects against methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction, which
      suggests that its bronchodilator properties are not related to any
      anticholinergic action.

PMID- 371059
TI  - Passive expiration as a test of lung function.
AB  - Twenty-five normal subjects, 14 non-smokers and 11 smokers, passively expired
      into a spirometer after a maximal active inspiration, and after a passive
      inflation of the chest by a pressure cycled intermittent positive-pressure
      breathing (IPPB) machine. Acceptable passive expirations could be performed by
      all subjects after a passive inspiration but by only 12 after an active
      inspiration. Expired volume was found to change exponentially with time (r
      greater than 0.98), and the time constant of passive expiration (Tp) was
      obtained. There was no significant difference between the smokers and non-smokers
      in age, sex, forced vital capacity, FEV1 FEV1/FVC%, maximum mid-expiratory flow
      rate, maximum expiratory flow at 50% and 25% of the vital capacity, or the
      magnitude of the fall in the dynamic compliance with increasing frequency of
      breathing (Cdyn/f). Tp in smokers (1.06 +/- 0.47 SD) was significantly longer
      than in the non-smokers (0.65  +/- 0.25 SD P less than 0.02). Tp had a
      significant correlation with Cdyn/f(Tp = 0.6 + 161.81 Cdyn/f +/- 0.38 SE, r =
      0.49, P less than 0.02). We conclude that satisfactory passive expiratory
      spirograms can be easily obtained after a mechanically assisted passive
      inspiration. Tp thus obtained is determined by the intrinsic properties of the
      respiratory system (lung plus thorax), and is significantly prolonged in smokers
      compared with non-smokers when other studies of pulmonary function including
      frequency dependence of compliance are unchanged.

PMID- 371060
TI  - [Bioavailability and "first pass" effect of a drug].

PMID- 371061
TI  - [Visceral effects of allergy to drugs].

PMID- 371062
TI  - [Efficacy of single-daily-dose pindolol in arterial hypertension].

PMID- 371063
TI  - Anticoagulant activity of beef and hog mucosal heparins.

PMID- 371064
TI  - The identification and localization of antithrombin III in human tissues.

PMID- 371066
TI  - [Historical control groups in clinical research. Risks and limitations from a
      quantitative viewpoint].

PMID- 371065
TI  - Tranylcypromine is not a selective inhibitor of prostacyclin in rats.

PMID- 371067
TI  - [Treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis. A double-blind trial with 3 different
      drugs].

PMID- 371068
TI  - [Bioavailability of microcrystalline theophylline (Nuelin) and theophyllamine
      tablets].

PMID- 371069
TI  - [Asepsis in small animal surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 371071
TI  - The Provider Reimbursement Review Board.

PMID- 371070
TI  - Estimation of haplotype frequency and linkage disequilibrium parameter in the HLA
      system.
AB  - Conventional formulae currently employed were extended to calculate the haplotype
      frequency and the corresponding variance for an arbitrary number (n) of loci when
      unrelated individuals were investigated. A formula is presented for the variance
      for the degree of three locus linkage disequilibrium.

PMID- 371072
TI  - The PRRB: an overview.

PMID- 371073
TI  - "Smaller" providers get bigger reporting job.

PMID- 371074
TI  - FASB proposes capitalization of interest costs.

PMID- 371075
TI  - Significant PRRB decisions.

PMID- 371076
TI  - How to prepare and present an appeal to the PRRB.

PMID- 371077
TI  - The PRRB: its past, present and future.

PMID- 371078
TI  - An interview with PRRB members.

PMID- 371079
TI  - The HCFA perspective--an interview with Robert Derzon.

PMID- 371080
TI  - The industry perspective.

PMID- 371081
TI  - After the PRRB: HCFA and judicial review.

PMID- 371082
TI  - [Oral cancer. Chemotherapy].

PMID- 371083
TI  - [A statistical survey and 2 years clinical observations of complete denture
      patients].

PMID- 371084
TI  - [On the incremental lines in elephant seals canines].

PMID- 371085
TI  - Isolation of haemolytic Escherichia coli from cases of bovine abortion.

PMID- 371086
TI  - Intracellular Ig identification on paraffin-embedded solitary plasmacytoid
      proliferation: a routine method to define the biological nature of plasma cells.
AB  - The difficulty to recognize morphologically the biological nature of the
      exuberant plasma cell proliferations is known by every pathologist. Therefore, an
      immunohistochemical method has been applied to routine paraffin-embedded sections
      of biopsies from 26 patients suspected to bear a solitary plasmacytoma. The
      method has allowed to distinguish between monoclonal (likely to be neoplastic)
      and polyclonal cases (likely to be reactive).

PMID- 371087
TI  - [Uristop employed for urinary incontinence in adult patients. A prospective
      randomized clinical trial].

PMID- 371088
TI  - [Effect of Uristop in children with enuresis. A prospective randomized clinical
      trial].

PMID- 371089
TI  - [Nifedine (Adalat): a calcium-inhibitor with effects in angina pectoris].

PMID- 371090
TI  - [Clinical microbiology].

PMID- 371091
TI  - [Laboratory studies for allergens in the home].

PMID- 371093
TI  - Immunofluorescence in the study of sclerosing retroperitonitis.
AB  - Two cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis are presented. Etiopathogenetic problems
      connected with various drugs are discussed, among which the methysergide is of
      paramount importance as well as the less known drugs such as reserpine.
      Histologic structures were studied by immunofluorescence which gives evidence of
      the antigen coloring the compound with specific gamma-globulins combined with a
      strongly fluorescent drug (fluorescein): its positivity is clear and precise with
      total anti-Ig serum, as well as with anti-IgG, less weak with anti-IgA, and
      negative with anti-IgM. Such results advocate a tissular immunity movement and
      stress the theory which aims to focus retroperitoneal fibrosis within the chapter
      of autoimmunization diseases.

PMID- 371092
TI  - [Effect of Radison water in treatment of patients with renal calculi. A
      randomized double-blind method].

PMID- 371094
TI  - A salute to fifty-four great microscopists of the past: a pictorial footnote to
      the history of protozoology. Part I.

PMID- 371095
TI  - Reiter's disease.
AB  - Reiter's disease can no longer be considered a rare and relatively benign
      syndrome consisting of the clinical triad of urethritis, conjunctivitis and
      arthritis. It is, in fact, a post-infectious reactive arthritis that belongs to a
      new group of diseases now called seronegative spondyloarthropathies. These
      diseases are characterized by an extremely high association with the genetic
      marker, human leukocyte antigen B27. In its full course, the disease often is
      incomplete with its initial clinical manifestations and characterized by
      chronicity and progressive crippling recurrences.

PMID- 371096
TI  - [History of control of blindness in Russia and the USSR].

PMID- 371097
TI  - [Express diagnosis of the viability of a donor cornea].

PMID- 371098
TI  - [Use of tape recording during surgical interventions on the ear].

PMID- 371099
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of seduxen and cyclodol and their
      combination with electropulse action for the purpose of increasing the resistance
      to experimental motion sickness].

PMID- 371101
TI  - ["Military Medicine and Unit Care in the Theater of War in Bulgaria and in the
      Rear of the Field Army in 1877--1878" by N. I. Pirogov (on the centenary of its
      publication)].

PMID- 371100
TI  - [Local hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of maxillary sinusitis].

PMID- 371102
TI  - [Procedural problems in the surgical treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers].
AB  - Data concerning 175 cases operated upon for gastroduodenal ulcer are set forth in
      the article. Much importance is attached to a thorough mobilization of the
      duodenum, treatment of its stump, gastroenterostomy on the shortest afferent loop
      and to a broad use of suturing apparatuses and of caprone as a suture material,
      as well. Mortality constituted 1.1%.

PMID- 371103
TI  - [Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov].

PMID- 371104
TI  - [Dermatoplasty in treating trophic ulcers of the lower extremities].
AB  - The main principle of the surgical treatment of trophic ulcers of the lower
      extremities consists in a radical excision of all the pathologically changed
      tissues around the ulcer and under it and, in case of disorders of the venous
      reflux, in various surgical restorative and corrective interventions followed
      with plastic closure of the wound defect. 422 patients were operated upon (462
      operations). The choice of the radical method of treatment resulted in a stable
      healing of ulcers in 84% of cases.

PMID- 371105
TI  - [Dermatoplasty in the system of rehabilitating patients with the sequelae of
      mechanical injury].

PMID- 371106
TI  - [Experience with the experimental autograft of a skin-fascia flap with
      simultaneous restoration of the blood circulation in the graft].
AB  - The use of the microsurgery allows to carry out the autotransplantation of the
      skin-fascial graft. Optic magnification, special instruments and suture material
      are necessary for the formation of anastomoses of the small diameter arteries and
      veins. The autotransplantation of skin-fascial grafts permits to correct
      extensive defects of the skin and underlying tissues. A thorough formation of
      vascular anastomoses and an adequate pharmacotherapy are of great importance.

PMID- 371107
TI  - [Transplantation of composite grafts and flaps on the face].

PMID- 371108
TI  - A listing of graduate training in toxicology in colleges of veterinary medicine.

PMID- 371109
TI  - 1979 AACT membership directory.

PMID- 371110
TI  - Bibliography on the hematologic effects of exposure to pesticides.

PMID- 371111
TI  - Bibliography for a poison center's reference library.

PMID- 371112
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. Konstantin Pavlovich Molokanov].

PMID- 371113
TI  - [Senior research associate, Dr. Veselin Veselinov].

PMID- 371114
TI  - [Resistance of E. coli and bacteria of the genus Proteus to the thermal
      processing of perishable meat products].
AB  - Experiments were carried out in six meat combines to establish the devitalization
      of Escherichia coli and bacteria of the Proteus genus at the thermal treatment of
      perishable meat products. Seventy series of experiments were conducted with 16
      types of meat products of a different structure (homogenic and heterogenic),
      varying composition unequal diameter of the casings (3-4 am, 5-6 am, and 7-8 am),
      and different type of the latter--natural, paper, and cutis-lika. Twenty-four
      hour agar cultures at a density of 10(5)-10(7) bacteria per gram of meat mass
      were used. In a series of experiments the temperature was dermined of the
      finished product when it reached 68 degrees C; in another group--after smoking
      and at various intervals during cooking; and in a third group of experiments the
      temperature was fillowed up during the entire thermal process, using thermo
      pairs. Studied was the heat resistance of the organisms tested under laboratory
      conditions, using the thermal curve in the production of meat products. The
      samples were investigated at the 24th, and 48th hour, and on the 5th day of room
      temperature storage. Results showed that devitalization of these organisms set in
      at 63 degrees C (E. coli) and 60 degrees (Proteus). The composition and
      homogeneity of the meat mass and the diameter of casings were found to have no
      effect on the heat resistance of these organisms.

PMID- 371115
TI  - [Nervous system and immunity].

PMID- 371116
TI  - [Immunogenic properties of a polyvalent vaccine against colisepticemia in
      calves].
AB  - A polyvalent vaccine was produced against coli septicaemia in calves, using the
      most commonly encountered serotypes of Escherichia coli as etiologic agents. The
      effect of the various unspecific factors on the immunogenic properties of the
      vaccine was followed up through vaccination of guinea pigs, rabbits, and pregnant
      cows. It was found that best immunogenic effects produced a vaccine that was
      inactivated by 0.4 per cent formalin and fixed in an oil adjuvant. Guinea pigs
      that were challenged with 1, 2 and 3 DIM remained 100 per cent alive. Somewhat
      weaker were the immunogenic properties of vaccinal batches that had such adjuvant
      as 1 per cent alum or 20 per cent aluminium hydroxide, and weakest proved the
      immunogenic quality of a vaccine having a 0.01 per cent saponin adjuvant. It was
      established that the colostrum of cows that were thrice hyperim munized with 5,
      10, and 20 cm3 of the vaccine at ten-day intervals contained more specific
      antibodies than the blood serum. The level of K-agglutinins was shown to exceed
      considerably that of 0-agglutinins.

PMID- 371117
TI  - Isolation and characterization of mutations in the cIII gene of bacteriophage
      lambda which increase the efficiency of lysogenization of Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 371118
TI  - [Immune complexes in the serum of recipients of renal transplants and of patients
      in a chronic intermittent hemodialysis program].

PMID- 371119
TI  - [Life anniversary of J. Vyroubal, M.D].

PMID- 371120
TI  - [Problems in improving the therapeutic use of mud preparations].

PMID- 371121
TI  - [Mechanism of action of peloid therapy on inflammation].

PMID- 371122
TI  - [Sinusoidal modulated currents in the overall treatment of children with
      rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 371123
TI  - [Use of tokolytic preparations in threatened and beginning premature labor].

PMID- 371124
TI  - [External respiratory indices as criteria for the effectiveness of central
      electroanalgesia in the process of labor].

PMID- 371125
TI  - [Use of heparin in treating chronic circulatory insufficiency in children].

PMID- 371126
TI  - [Rostislav Evgen'evich Kavetskii].

PMID- 371127
TI  - [Use of carminomycin in bladder cancer].

PMID- 371128
TI  - [Efim Davidovich Dubovyi (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 371129
TI  - [Brufen in the overall treatment of rheumatism in children].

PMID- 371130
TI  - A family with allo-immune neonatal neutropenia: group-specific pathogenicity of
      maternal antibodies.
AB  - A family is presented, in which the mother developed strong neutrophil
      granulocyte-specific antibodies with the specificity anti-NA. The first and third
      children, both NA1-positive, suffered from severe transient neonatal neutropenia,
      but the second child, NA1-negative, did not. Anti-NA1 antibodies were detectable
      in the serum of one affected child and the antibody level was directly related to
      the extent of neutropenia. The incidence of granulocyte-specific antibodies in
      198 pregnant women was determined and found to be low.

PMID- 371131
TI  - On the problems of efficacy of separation of IgM and IgG by different methods.
AB  - Using ultracentrifugation, gel filtration, and ion exchange, an attempt was made
      to completely separate immunoglobulin IgM and IgG present in pooled human serum
      of blood group O. The quality of separation was studied by testing IgG fractions
      for the presence of IgM by a sensitive detection method. It is demonstrated by
      rheophoresis that small amounts of IgM always remain detectable in the IgG
      fraction. This is of clinical importance because conclusions on the presence of
      specific antibody of different Ig classes are usually drawn under the assumption
      of complete separation. The control of the efficacy of the separation process
      using a sensitive detection method for Ig of different classes is recommended.

PMID- 371132
TI  - Chronic autoimmune neutropenia due to anti-NA1 antibody.
AB  - A 12-month-old child neutropenic since the age of 8 months, was referred to our
      institute for a sepsis from Candida albicans. On exploring the cause of
      neutropenia, an anti-NA1 antibody could be detected in the patient's serum. This
      antibody seemed to be responsible for the neutropenia because the child's PMN
      type was NA1+. The reactivity of the autoantibody with the patient's own
      granulocytes was confirmed by direct and indirect immunofluorescence studies
      performed on blood and marrow cells. A reduced number of T lymphocytes with poor
      PHA responsivity has been interpreted as the possible cause of the autoimmune
      disease. Steroid therapy did not cure the neutropenia but the child's general
      condition improved.

PMID- 371133
TI  - [History of the creation of a drug abuse treatment center in Zhitomir Guberniya
      and Province].

PMID- 371135
TI  - [Treatment of hypertension with hemiton and Brinaldix].

PMID- 371134
TI  - [Effect of dibazol and reserpine on the contractile capacity of the myocardium].

PMID- 371136
TI  - [Effect of methacil on the motor and secretory functions of the stomach in peptic
      ulcer].

PMID- 371137
TI  - [Effect of cocarboxylase on the coagulogram indices in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 371138
TI  - [Various epidemiologic characteristics of dysentery].

PMID- 371139
TI  - [Role of F.G. Ianovskii in the development of knowledge of collagenoses].

PMID- 371140
TI  - [Modification of a manual vascular suture].

PMID- 371141
TI  - [Allergy as a manifestation of immunologic deficiency states (review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 371142
TI  - [Change in the structures of pancreatic allotransplant in the early post
      transplantation period].

PMID- 371143
TI  - [Obtaining and preservation of homologous tissues for clinical purposes].

PMID- 371144
TI  - Pain--man's ruthless enemy.

PMID- 371145
TI  - Diet and atherosclerosis: past, present and future.

PMID- 371146
TI  - Zinc metabolism and its implications in clinical medicine.

PMID- 371147
TI  - Nutrition for physicians: A selected bibliography.

PMID- 371149
TI  - Strokes, transient ischemic attacks and asymptomatic bruits.
AB  - Research into noninvasive techniques for evaluating cerebrovascular insufficiency
      has shown that hemodynamically significant lesions can be identified with
      considerable accuracy. Concurrently, recent descriptions of carefully applied
      medical and surgical therapy indicate that thromboembolic stroke can be
      effectively prevented when patients are allocated to the proper therapeutic
      protocols. The approach of these two lines of basic investigation to the clinical
      focal point of stroke control make it imperative that clinicians review the tools
      at hand for identifying persons at high risk, as well as the available
      therapeutic alternatives for effective stroke prevention.

PMID- 371151
TI  - Legionnaires' disease.

PMID- 371150
TI  - Therapy of ARDS: positive end-expiratory pressure.

PMID- 371152
TI  - [The contribution made by the 2nd Department of Surgery, Vienna University, to
      the treatment of colorectal cancer (author's transl)].
AB  - The treatment of colorectal cancer was chosen as a significant example for the
      history of the second department of surgery of Vienna University. Not only was a
      considerable part of relevant surgical techniques developed here, but also the
      problem of cancer has always been one of the traditional fields of activity of
      this institution. After the foundation of modern abdominal surgery by Billroth,
      his pupil Czerny performed the first combined abdomino-perineal resection of the
      rectum, whilst Gussenbauer, his successor, carried out the first curative
      resection of a carcinoma of the colon. Hochenegg performed the first sphincter
      saving resection of the rectum and devised his pull-through procedure. Moreover,
      he started to organize the general fight against cancer by a campaign to
      enlighten the public. Denk continued these activities. He founded the cancer
      research centre and initiated the present activities in the prevention and
      therapy of cancer in this country.

PMID- 371153
TI  - [Reconstruction of the breast after surgery for cancer (author's transl)].
AB  - The tendency towards less radical, stage-dependent procedures in the surgical
      management of breast cancer has opened the way to improvement in the
      reconstructive measures available. Reconstruction of the female breast can be
      undertaken with greater or lesser success and facility according to whether the
      initial procedure was subcutaneous mastectomy, modified radical mastectomy or the
      Rotter--Halstedt radical operation. The different plastic reconstructive methods
      developed over the past years are discussed and illustrated by cases treated
      under our care.

PMID- 371154
TI  - [Management of the critically burned geriatric patient (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper deals with the specialised therapeutic needs regarding immediate care,
      parenteral nutrition and surgery in burned geriatric patients according to the
      experience gained in the treatment of these patients at the Burns Treatment
      Division of the Department of Dermatology (I) of the University of Vienna.

PMID- 371148
TI  - Food intolerance in humans.

PMID- 371155
TI  - [An evaluation of candida serology following renal transplantation and its
      connexion with other postoperative complications (author's transl)].
AB  - 53 renal transplant recipients aged 13 to 58 years were followed up regularly
      clinically, microbiologically and serologically over observation periods ranging
      from 6 to 82 months following transplantation with a view to diagnosing mycetic
      complications. The only (facultative) pathogenic species found was Candida
      albicans. This species was isolated in every single patient, but far-reaching
      differences were observed with regard to the degree of form of infection in the
      individual person. Mainly, cases showed only a transient growth of Candida to a
      greater or lesser extent on the mucous membranes of the orointestinal tract, but
      in few cases serious systemic forms like fungaemia and urinary tract infections
      were manifest. Comparing the mycological and clinical findings it was apparent
      that the degree of mycetic infection and attendant complications was closely
      correlated to the incidence and severity of several--at least primarily--non
      mycetic complications postoperatively, such as disorders of transplant function,
      rejection reactions, diabetes and bacterial infections. A causal connexion, thus,
      probably exists between postoperative mycetic and non-mycetic complications and
      the presumable underlying pathological mechanism is discussed.

PMID- 371156
TI  - [Kidney filtration -- mechanisms and methods of investigation (author's transl)].
AB  - Quantitative data are presented on the glomeruli in the human, dog and rat
      kidney. Micropuncture techniques for the determination of filtration pressure and
      filtration rate are described. The final part of this paper deals with the
      dynamics of glomerular ultrafiltration. The roles are discussed of filtration
      equilibrium/disequilibrium and of the renin-angiotensin systems in the filtration
      process.

PMID- 371157
TI  - [Morbidity during regular dialysis treatment and after renal transplantation
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Renal transplantation was associated with a lesser degree of morbidity than
      chronic dialysis treatment in a group of 48 patients with end-stage renal
      failure. Morbidity was defined as total days of in-patient hospitalization
      divided by total days of risk. The morbidity during chronic intermittent
      dialysis, with a mean observation time of 296.1 (20 to 2255) days, was 11.8%,
      whereas after renal transplantation, with a mean observation time of 1004.0 (131
      to 2400) days, only 7.6% of all days at risk were spent in hospital. Morbidity
      rises to 38.1% during chronic dialysis if all dialysis days on an out-patient
      basis are considered as hospitalization days. Morbidity was lowest (3.8%) in
      patients sent home for the first time with a functioning graft. Cardiac
      complications and fluid lung were the most common causes for morbidity during
      haemodialysis treatment; morbidity after renal transplantation was mainly due to
      renal rejection and infections under non-specific immunosuppression. Social and
      occupational rehabilitation was better after renal transplantation than during
      haemodialysis treatment. It can be concluded from these data that with regard to
      the quality of life renal transplantation is the preferable alternative in the
      management of end-stage renal failure.

PMID- 371158
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Erich Zdansky].

PMID- 371159
TI  - [Combinations of autogenic training with other methods of psychotherapy].

PMID- 371160
TI  - [Comparison of indomethacin-retard and indomethacin for degenerative joint
      diseases--a double-blind study].

PMID- 371161
TI  - [The clumsy child. Deliberations and thought-stimulations towards a specific
      therapy].

PMID- 371162
TI  - [The 80th anniversary of Professor Anton Sattler].

PMID- 371163
TI  - [Infections of the respiratory tract. Functional diagnosis].

PMID- 371165
TI  - [Changes in medical education during the second half of the 19th century].

PMID- 371164
TI  - [Immunization experiments using vaccines extracted from human and porcine
      pathogenic E. coli strains on pregnant mice for the demonstration of their
      protective effects on progeny].

PMID- 371166
TI  - [The 80th anniversary of Fritz Kauffmann].

PMID- 371167
TI  - [The 65th birthday of Professor Hans Petzold].

PMID- 371168
TI  - [Value and perspectives of endoscopic brush cytology in gastric lesions 
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The techniques for cell collection are well established. Cells in good quality
      and sufficient quantities are obtained. The preparation of the sediment depends
      on the microscopic techniques to be used. The cytological tumor criteria are well
      established. The diagnostic efficiency is more than 90% of cases with proved
      malignancies. In comparison with the endoscopic biopsy the brush cytology has the
      following advantages: A stenosis can be reached by the brush much easier than by
      the forceps. The tumor detection is improved by cytology under optimal conditions
      for 10% of the cases. Quantitative microscopic techniques can be adapted. The
      most important perspective for a further improvement of gastric cytology lies in
      the development of methods for automation in tumor cell recognition. The present
      status of such techniques is presented.

PMID- 371169
TI  - [Juan Huarte of San Juan and his significance for differential psychology].
AB  - The Spanish physician Juan Huarte de San Juan (about 1529 to 1588) produced in
      1575 a book "Examen de Ingenios para las ciencias", which was published in Baeza
      and which, through the differential psychology developped by him, initiated in
      the impressing age of the rennaissance a new era of the history of psychology,
      which is called Huartism (psychologic physiology). Unfortunately his book,
      written in Spanish with 77 editions in all the important languages of the
      civilized world, became relatively little known. The following assertions are the
      object of his partially modern system which is based on the antique philosophers:
      1) Man can have only a single talent - differentiated in a high degree and again
      there is a differentiation between individuals and nations. 2) It is necessary to
      choose a profession in accordance with the talent well in time. 3) In case of
      "lacking genius" the individual toils in vain with science. 4) Each talent is
      marked by a temperament which is corresponding to the physique of a person.

PMID- 371170
TI  - Human fetal cells. I. Mitogenic responses.
AB  - Human fetal cells from 10 prematures and newborn infants (28--38 weeks of
      gestational age) and isolated or non-isolated fetal cells circulating in the
      blood of 9 primigravidae were studied in their ability to respond to
      phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed, dextran sulfate and lipopolysaccharide. An age
      dependent responsiveness of fetal cells obtained from the prematures to all
      mitogens tested was detected as well as a clear graduation of mitogenic capacity
      with phytohemagglutinin to produce the highest stimulation. Though a moderate
      mitogenic response to lipopolysaccharide and dextran sulfate was noted in the
      blood cultures of the infants, LPS and in part DS transformation of fetal cells
      obtained from maternal blood appeared to be reduced or absent. A selective
      stimulation of fetal cells occurring in the circulation of primiparae sufficient
      for prenatal diagnosis could not be achieved with the mitogens tested. The
      findings suggest that fetal cells crossing to the mother are different from
      normal fetal lymphocytes. The present study was performed to elucidate in as
      quantitative a manner as possible the responses of human fetal cells to different
      T- and B-cell mitogens. Cells were obtained from various sources for comparing
      the mitogenic responses of isolated and non-isolated fetal cells. Our results
      demonstrate that mitogenic responses depend on the gestational age of the fetal
      cells, the source of the cells and on experimental conditions.

PMID- 371171
TI  - The interaction of opsonins with human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN). I. The
      influence of human complement (C) and IgG on ingestion and digestion of C
      resistant E. coli.
AB  - The influence of opsonization on ingestion and digestion of C-resistant E. coli
      was tested in a phagocytic system consisting of a monolayer of human PMN to which
      was added E. coli opsonized in different ways. At the end of the phagocytosis,
      noningested bacteria were separated and the monolayer was removed. The cells were
      then fractionated. The number of bacteria at different time intervals and the
      amount and distribution of lysosomal enzymes in the cell fractions were
      determined. It became apparent that the ingestion of cell-attached bacteria was
      independent of opsonins. However, the intracellular destruction was enhanced
      following opsonization with C only, although this was not the result of a greater
      discharge of lysosomal enzymes into the phagosome. We postulate that sublethal
      damage of E. coli by C renders the bacteria more sensitive to the bactericidal
      activity of the phagocytes.

PMID- 371172
TI  - AET-treated sheep red blood cell and immunobead for combined detection of human
      peripheral lymphocyte subpopulations.
AB  - This paper describes a method for the simultaneous determination of human thymus
      dependent lymphocyte (T cell) and thymus-independent lymphocyte (B cell)
      populations by mixing lymphocytes, sheep red blood cells, and immunobeads. This
      method also detects lymphocytes possessing both T and B cell markers. T cells are
      detected by rosette formation with AET-treated sheep red blood cells and B cells
      are identified by rosette formation with polyacrylamide gel coated with antibody
      specific to immunoglobulin classes. The major advantages of this technique is
      that it is simple, convenient, and reproducible. Three different types of
      rosettes are distinguishable under light microscopic observation. The detection
      of double marker lymphocytes, using this combined technique, may have further
      application in clinical investigation.

PMID- 371173
TI  - [Time kinetics of effects of digitoxin and beta-acetyl digoxin following oral
      application in man (author's transl)].

PMID- 371174
TI  - [Contrast density and side effect rate in lumbar myelography--a clinical
      comparison of Meglumin-Iocarmate and Metrizamide].
AB  - The author reports that side effects were somewhat more frequent after
      metrizamide than after meglumin-iocarmate, in the course of a comparative study
      carried out at the reporting hospital from the beginning of 1977, using the water
      soluble x-ray contrast media Amipaque (metrizamide) and Dimer X (meglumin
      iocarmate).

PMID- 371175
TI  - [Contrast medium visualization of the cavum epidurale via Dimer X
      (peridurography) (author's transl)].
AB  - The term "peridurography" stands for visualization of the cavum epidurale via a
      water-soluble contrast medium. The article reports on the technique and
      indication. The experience collected on the basis of 93 peridurographies effected
      by the authors justify the assumption that this method can be considered as
      reliable in the diagnosis of prolapsed vertebral disk.

PMID- 371176
TI  - [Intensive therapy].

PMID- 371177
TI  - [Precomatose conditions in general practice. Diabetic and other metabolic
      disorders].

PMID- 371178
TI  - [Mild and medium severe hypertension. Treatment of mild and medium severe
      hypertension with bendigon mite].

PMID- 371179
TI  - Presentation of Nancy Vance Pin Award.

PMID- 371180
TI  - [Statics of tension cerclage].

PMID- 371181
TI  - [Arrangement of microtubules in critical point (CP) dried human blood platelets
      during pseudopod formation and expansion].

PMID- 371182
TI  - [Immunohistochemical demonstration of myosin and actin in salivary glands and the
      exocrine pancreas of rats].

PMID- 371184
TI  - [A novel method of demonstrating a cytoplasmatic fibril network].

PMID- 371183
TI  - [Immunohistochemical localization of myosin and actin in various nonmuscle cell
      types of rat eyes].

PMID- 371185
TI  - [Effect of fixation on the structure of human placenta].

PMID- 371186
TI  - [In vivo observations and cytophotometric studies of multi-polar mitosis in mono
      and binuclear cells from tissue culture].

PMID- 371187
TI  - [Stereological study of the vascular architecture in the cerebral cortex].

PMID- 371188
TI  - [Quantitative demonstration of cytoarchitectural areas in the cortex of Tupaia
      belangeri and SPF-cats].

PMID- 371189
TI  - [Automatic registration and evaluation of a gray standard index in histological
      sections].

PMID- 371190
TI  - [Silicone impregnation of whole organ preparations and histological large
      preparations (demonstration)].

PMID- 371191
TI  - [Synthetics for corrosion anatomical demonstration of intra-embryonic vasculature
      (demonstration)].

PMID- 371192
TI  - [Cytochemical studies of neutrophil granulocytes using the iron binding
      reaction].

PMID- 371193
TI  - [Immunocytochemical demonstration of C-cells].

PMID- 371194
TI  - [Measurements of cell size and distribution of ganglia cells in cattle retina
      (demonstration)].

PMID- 371195
TI  - [Morphometry of the circadian secretion cycle of acinus cells in the rat
      pancreas].

PMID- 371196
TI  - [Vasopressin transport in the area of the supraoptic nucleus and zona interna of
      the median eminence in thirst-stressed rats].

PMID- 371197
TI  - Immuno-cytochemical localization of neurohypophysial hormones and neurophysins in
      the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system of vertebrates.

PMID- 371198
TI  - Monoaminergic structures within the neural and intermediate lobe of the
      hypophysis in vertebrates.

PMID- 371199
TI  - [Quantitative studies of motor units of the mouse soleus muscle (demonstrated
      with retrograde Evans blue labeling)].

PMID- 371200
TI  - [Relationship of mesencephalon raphe nuclei to pulmonary alveoli function.
      (Findings following stereotaxic interventions in cats)].

PMID- 371201
TI  - [In memory of Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876)].

PMID- 371202
TI  - [The scientific view of life of Karl Ernst von Baer].

PMID- 371203
TI  - [Pathology in Vienna (Carl von Rokitansky)].

PMID- 371204
TI  - [From the Collectio Carl von Rokitansky to the Federal Pathological-Anatomical
      Museum of Vienna (author's transl)].

PMID- 371205
TI  - [Hemostatic defects in shock (author's transl)].

PMID- 371207
TI  - [Clinical and pathological alterations of stomach, bowel, pancreas and liver in
      shock (author's transl)].

PMID- 371206
TI  - [Shock-lung (author's transl)].

PMID- 371208
TI  - [Shock and brain (author's transl)].

PMID- 371210
TI  - [Changes of lungs during traumatic shock--a morphological study on early fixated
      organ (author's transl)].

PMID- 371209
TI  - [Pathology in intensive care--from the clinical view (author's transl)].

PMID- 371211
TI  - [Cerebrospinal angiopathy after experimental protracted shock (author's transl)].

PMID- 371212
TI  - [Stereomorphological studies of the development of hyperplasiogenic (hyperplastic
      adenomatous)stomach polyps].

PMID- 371213
TI  - [Mapping of the growth structure of human kidney carcinoma].

PMID- 371214
TI  - [Selective infection of the central nervous system by Cryptococcus neoformans-
      animal studies with the use of special bacterial strains].

PMID- 371215
TI  - [Morphological and electrophysiological studies of islets of Langerhans in
      diabetic mice].

PMID- 371216
TI  - [Demonstration of immunoglobulin antigens in routine material of malignant
      lymphomas: the effect of pronase pretreatment of the tissue sections].

PMID- 371217
TI  - [Clinical course, DNA-Feulgen cytophotometry and ABO antigenicity of bladder
      papillomas of low malignancy degree].

PMID- 371218
TI  - [DNA-Feulgen cytophotometry in kidney parenchyma carcinomas of various malignancy
      degree].

PMID- 371219
TI  - [Prostatic carcinoma in its early stage (stage A). IV Criteria for methods of
      pathohistological diagnosis].

PMID- 371220
TI  - [Modified technic for early in situ postmortem fixation of the entire lung].

PMID- 371221
TI  - [Immunohistochemistry and morphometry of the gastric antrum mucosa in healthy
      subjects and in patients with duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 371222
TI  - [Unfolding fixation and roentgenological demonstration of the pancreatic ducts as
      a location method for pathological anatomical diagnosis].

PMID- 371223
TI  - [Long term effects of intensive care on newborns: pulmonary lesions (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 371224
TI  - [Incidence and pathogenesis of amyloid changes of the endocrine pancreas in
      diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 371225
TI  - [Immunocytochemical demonstration of human placental lactogen hormone--a
      parameter for the functional ability of trophoblasts].

PMID- 371226
TI  - [Demonstration of lysozyme in histiocytic reticulosarcoma and malignant
      reticulosis].

PMID- 371227
TI  - [Recognition of Yersinia enteritis].

PMID- 371228
TI  - [Georg Benno Gruber (2-22-1884 to 7-20-1977)].

PMID- 371229
TI  - [Dr. Laszlo Haranghy (8-10-1897 to 12-8-1975)].

PMID- 371230
TI  - [Werner Rotter (8-24-1897 to 11-26-1977)].

PMID- 371231
TI  - [Walter Renk (2-14-1911 to 12-23-1977)].

PMID- 371232
TI  - [Shock kidney (author's transl)].

PMID- 371233
TI  - [Macro- and microcirculation in shock (author's transl)].

PMID- 371234
TI  - [Ultrastructure of Candida albicans in vitro and in vivo and its changes under
      exposure to canesten].

PMID- 371235
TI  - [Vesicular dermatoses as paraneoplastic manifestations].

PMID- 371236
TI  - [Treatment of vitiligo in children with copper sulfate].

PMID- 371237
TI  - [Urogenital candidiasis in women].

PMID- 371238
TI  - [Use of potassium iodide iontophoresis in the treatment of women suffering from
      candidiasis of the genital mucosa].

PMID- 371239
TI  - [Late results of the therapy of early forms of syphilis with penicillin
      preparations in combination with pyrogenic agents].

PMID- 371240
TI  - [Late results of the continuous pyrogen-penicillin therapy of recurrent and early
      latent syphilis].

PMID- 371241
TI  - [Homeostatic behavior and behavioral homeostasis].

PMID- 371243
TI  - [Suicide prevention - current practice and theory].
AB  - The present situation of suicide prevention is portrayed by an historical
      outline, and the description of the practice and the theoretical foundations. It
      is established that suicide prevention was intensified after 1948 through the
      fundamental practical and theoretical works of Erwin Ringel. The present
      situation is characterized by the fact that after the initial recovery of
      desperate persons as patients for medicine, the defamation of the suicidal act by
      society could be avoided in another manner than by merely classifying it as a
      sickness. Increasing interest is being granted to political and other suicides
      who depict suicide as a possibility of mankind. The practical application of
      suicide prevention consists in the organization of rest-centres, the
      interdisciplinary participation of various professional groups and the
      application of various medical, psychological and social therapies. The
      theoretical foundation includes the theories of early and present psychoanalysis,
      social science and theoretical learn-oriented psychology. This formation and this
      global view of suicide prevention-practice and theory today, allow us to draw the
      conclusion that every physician, psychologist, social worker or other human being
      who comes into contact with desperate persons applies the most effective suicide
      prevention when he behaves in a straight forward manner, and is interested
      unreservedly in a candid, unforced way in the psychic and social conflict
      situation of the other, allthewhile respecting that person's freedom.

PMID- 371242
TI  - [Suicide risk in view of psychological test results].
AB  - The medical case histories of 32 young suicides have been studied the majority of
      whom has been in contact over the last two years with the East Swiss Infantile
      and Juvenile Psychiatric Clinic. In evaluating the case, we have relied first and
      foremost on the interpretation of psychological tests. The question as to whether
      juvenile suicides differ in any way from juveniles who have merely attempted to
      kill themselves can be summed up as follows: juveniles who have succeeded in
      suiciding point clearly and directly to suicide in their tests unlike juveniles
      who have not succeeded. With these the potential danger must be sought elsewhere,
      namely in their psychic make-up. We are at present examining the typical features
      of the tests carried out with suicides and potential suicides.

PMID- 371244
TI  - [Possibilities of using hemoperfusion in the treatment of chronic kidney
      insufficiency].
AB  - A survey of the administration possibilities of the activated charcoal
      haemoperfusion in the treatment of the chronic renal insufficiency is given.
      Various coating methods for activated charcoal as well as important adsorption
      abilities of the activated charcoal for uraemia-specific metabolites are
      described in detail. Then comes a classification of the haemoperfusion in the
      treatment of ureamia. The result is that at present the use of haemoperfusion
      with activated charcoal in the therapy of uraemia may be regarded only as a
      supplementary therapy of the haemodialysis and the haemofiltration, respectively.

PMID- 371245
TI  - [Prosthetic management of the periodontally defective masticatory organ].

PMID- 371246
TI  - [Bridge construction for the anterior teeth].

PMID- 371247
TI  - [Creation of museums of the history of medicine and public health].

PMID- 371248
TI  - [Placement of Keracette on the incisal edge of crowns].

PMID- 371249
TI  - [Plastics for cast prostheses].

PMID- 371250
TI  - [Technology of plastic removable partial dentures].

PMID- 371251
TI  - [Theory and practice of prosthetic concern in bridges--problem analysis and
      problem solution as a basis for completion of a common closure].

PMID- 371252
TI  - [Identification of unknown persons--possibilities of dentistry under various
      considerations of dental technology].

PMID- 371253
TI  - [Inlay technic].

PMID- 371254
TI  - [Technology for plastic removable partial dentures].

PMID- 371255
TI  - [Fashioning the surface of complete prostheses. I: the problem].

PMID- 371256
TI  - [Fundamentals and possibilities of impressions for crowns and bridges. I.
      Overview of problems and methods].

PMID- 371257
TI  - [Materials for cast prostheses].

PMID- 371258
TI  - [Calcemia in pregnancy and the period of nursing].

PMID- 371260
TI  - [In-vitro-effect of constant and varying concentrations of beta-lactam
      antibiotics on bacteria. I. Quantitative studies on the kinetics of bactericidal
      effects (author's transl)].
AB  - On the basis of a continuous culture method using the Biostat apparatus (Braun
      Melsungen) during a six hours interval the kinetics of growth inhibition and
      killing of E. coli were studied under the influence of varying concentrations of
      carbenicillin and cephalotin. The bacteria were incubated with the antibiotic at
      37 degrees C, either in the broth of the culture vessel or incorporated into the
      depth of the agar of a dip slide which was brought into the uninoculated broth.
      Constant inhibitory concentrations (1 X MIC-4 X MIC) caused a bactericidal effect
      with both antibiotics. The recovery of the bacteria from the toxic effects of
      carbenicillin and cephalotin was slow if the concentrations were decreased to
      subinhibitory concentrations after initial contact with inhibitory peak levels.
      Scanning electron microscope studies demonstrated with both antibiotics a rapid
      filament formation with partial lysis.

PMID- 371259
TI  - [A new method for evaluation of beta-lactamase production of resistant
      enterobacteriaceae strains (author's transl)].
AB  - Resistant strains of Enterobacteriaceae were investigated with a chemical and
      microbiological test on beta-lactamase activity. The chemical method was needed
      as screening-test basing on the enzymatic hydrolysis of the chromogenic
      cephalosporin compound 87/312. The microbiological test is a modified cup plate
      method using Staph. aureus SG 511 as sensitive test strain for penicillins and
      cephalosporins. In one of the two cups of the blood agar plate 20 microliter of
      the beta-lactam antibiotic, in the other cup 20 microliter of the supernatant of
      the 24 h broth of the bacterial strain was pipettet. If the lactamase in the
      supernatant neutralises the antibiotic, a halfemoonlike blank is forming on the
      left site of the inhibition zone. An unchangeable inhibition zone demonstrates
      stability of the antibiotic to the enzyme. Each of 10 ampicillin- and/or
      cephalothin-resistant strains of E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Serratia
      were investigated against 6 penicillins (penicillin G, ampicillin, ticarcillin,
      mezlocillin, azlocillin, bay k 4999) and 6 cephalosporins (cefoxitin, cefuroxime,
      cefamandol, cephalothin, cefazolin, cefradine). The microbiological method allows
      the statement, against which beta-lactam antibiotic the enzyme is effective. A
      correlation between the beta-lactamase activity and the MIC values in
      Enterobacteriaceae was not found.

PMID- 371261
TI  - [Comparison of the kinetics of bactericidal action in vitro of sulfametrol and
      sulfamethoxazol, alone and in combination with trimethoprim (author's transl)].

PMID- 371262
TI  - [Biological properties of morphologic mutants of E. coli K12].

PMID- 371263
TI  - [Role of the I. I. Mechnikov Moscow Research Institute for vaccines and sera in
      the growth of microbiologic and immunologic research].

PMID- 371265
TI  - [Study of M. leprae ultrastructure in human leproma].

PMID- 371264
TI  - [Ways of optimizing processes for obtaining secondary microbial exometabolites].

PMID- 371266
TI  - [Distribution of pathogenic enterobacteria in the water of open reservoirs].
AB  - Investigations carried out indicated that the main source of microbial
      contamination of open reservoirs were effluents often drained without any
      purification and disinfection. Salmonellae were isolated in 10.6 +/- 0.88% of the
      water samples examined in the Southern regions of the country. Isolation of
      pathogenic enterobacteria from the water of open reservoirs was seasonal, with
      the maximal percentage in winter and in spring, this being connected with delay
      of self-purification processes in the cold seasons of the year. Serovars isolated
      from water and patients proved to be identical. There was no direct correlation
      between the coli index and the isolation of pathogenic enterobacteria.

PMID- 371267
TI  - [Detection and study of the labile toxic factor of Proteus mirabilis].
AB  - The author studied the dynamics of toxin formation of the high- and low-virulent
      Pr. mirabilis strains. The high-virulent strain produced toxic substances of the
      exotoxin type detectable in 1-2-day broth cultures. Later the activity of the
      culture medium of both cultures under study was due to substances of the
      endotoxin type. By physico-chemical and immunobiological properties, and also by
      chemical composition of Pr. mirabilis "early toxin" was similar to the
      exoenterotoxins of enterobacteria. A principal possibility of concentration and
      purification of Pr. mirabilis "early toxin" with the use of ultrafiltration and
      gel-chromatography was demonstrated.

PMID- 371268
TI  - [Natural focal infections in the north of the Far East. I. The detection of
      natural foci of infections in Chukot].
AB  - Results of a 3-year complex (zoo-parasitological, viral, bacteriological, and
      serological) studies of mammals and birds in Chukotka demonstrated the presence
      of natural foci of pseudo-tuberculosis, intestinal yersinosis, salmonellosis
      (heidelberg), and of tick-borne encephalitis. The existence of natural foci of
      tularemia and endemic rickettsioses is supposed on the basis of serological data.

PMID- 371269
TI  - [E-antibodies in the sera of animals inoculated against plague and
      pseudotuberculosis].

PMID- 371270
TI  - [Production of radioactive carbon-labelled complete antigen for its use in the
      radioimmunoprecipitation reaction].

PMID- 371271
TI  - [D. K. Zabolotnyi on the sanitary and hygienic aspects of cholera].

PMID- 371272
TI  - [Epidemic of pneumonic plague in the village of Man'chzhuriia and the measures
      for controlling it in 1920--1921].

PMID- 371273
TI  - [Epidemiological characteristics of the microsporosis caused by Microsporum
      canis].

PMID- 371274
TI  - [On the 75th birthday of Ivan Ivanovich Elkin].

PMID- 371275
TI  - [Efficacy of the per os immunization and reimmunization of man with
      staphylococcal anatoxin].
AB  - By double immunization of 72 persons and single reimmunization of 38 persons per
      os with tablets containing 100 BU of purified concentrated staphylococcus toxoid
      (PCST) it was revealed that this immunization was harmless and the immunological
      response was adequate. The tablets were intended for application through the oral
      mucosa (oral) or the intestinal tract (enteral); the immunological response
      depended on the dose of the preparation and the scheme of administration. A high
      sensitization of healthy persons examined to staphylococcus was found. There was
      a tendency to reduction of hypersensitivity after the immunization with
      staphylococcus toxoid (examination in 6 months) and activation of reactions after
      the antigen administration (examination in 14 days).

PMID- 371276
TI  - [Selection of phage-resistent clones of streptococcus group A and their
      properties].
AB  - In studying the effects induced by virulent phage CAI in the sensitive cultures
      of streptococcus, group A, a possibility was shown of selection of phage
      resistant clones with the altered enzymatic activity. These clones lost their
      capacity to produce proteinase and retained residual lipoproteinase activity.
      This evidence correlates with literature data indicating that phage-resistant
      streptococci served as good producers of M-protein--the main virulence factor.
      Infection of the culture producing streptokinase with phage CAI with a definite
      infection multiplicity led to an increase of the enzyme activity in the culture
      fluid. This process was accompanied by selection of the resistant strains
      characterized by greater streptokinase production and greater enzyme stability.
      As suggested, the latter could result from the absence of proteolytic activity in
      the phage-resistant clone.

PMID- 371277
TI  - [Antigenic makeup of the protective fractions of S. typhimurium].
AB  - The authors present the results of chemical and immunochemical study of 4
      protective fractions (Grasset's antigens, hydroxylamine vaccines, surface
      antigens, and Boivin's antigens) isolated from the virulent S. typhimurium
      strain, and of suppressor revertant obtained from streptomycin-dependent mutant
      of the initial strain. Despite some differences in their chemical and antigenic
      composition, Grasset's antigens, surface antigens fraction, and hydroxylamine
      vaccine contained the main cell protective substances and could be used (after
      further study) as vaccines for enteral immunization. On the basis of the results
      of chemical analysis and the study of Boivin's antigens antigenic structure it is
      supposed that O-antigen was changed in the revertant strain.

PMID- 371278
TI  - [Production of auxotrophic mutants of Shigella sonnei].
AB  - Use of selection method with R. Ffm phage offered a possibility of obtaining R
      forms of Sh. sonnei from the population of bacteria of phase II with a low
      frequency of natural dissociation. Mono- and polyauxotrophic mutant of I, II and
      R-phases by hir, ilv, pro, and mtl markers were obtained by treatment of Sh.
      sonnei strains with nitrosoguanidine and ethyl-methanesulfonate. The frequency of
      mutation in two Sh. sonnei strains studied in this work (UBC and No. 941) by the
      same genetic regions proved to differ. The change of Sh. sonnei phase I into
      phase II was observed only in selection by proline marker which could be
      connected with the existence in this region of a gene controlling the
      dissociation process.

PMID- 371279
TI  - [Participation of cellular immunity mediators in the development of anti
      infection resistance].

PMID- 371280
TI  - [Intestinal autoflora as an indicator of the severity of radiation lesion].

PMID- 371281
TI  - [Evaluation of the nonspecific reactivity of the body in pulmonary tuberculosis
      by means of a "skin window"].
AB  - Cell reaction of the interstitial tissue in the aseptic inflammation areas was
      studied to determine the nonspecific reactivity of the organism in patients with
      infiltrative tuberculosis of the lungs. Rebuck's "skin window" method modified by
      Shurenkova was used. Results of investigations conducted in 15 patients and 10
      healthy individuals indicated the absence in them of any significant difference
      in the character of the inflammatory exudate. Consequently, infiltrative
      tuberculosis of the lungs coursed against the background of unchanged nonspecific
      reactivity of the organism.

PMID- 371282
TI  - [Effectiveness of using a lyophilized erythocyte antibody diagnosticum and other
      methods in Sonne dysentery].

PMID- 371283
TI  - [Mechanism of action of serum globulin preparations].
AB  - Experiments on mice demonstrated that serum homologous globulin preparations
      containing normal autoantibodies caused induction of autoantibodies in
      subcutaneous injection to intact animals; this was recorded on the basis of
      increase of the blood autoantibody level and of the plaque-forming cells content
      in the spleen tissue. This activation was seen as soon as the first hours--24
      hours after the administration of the preparation and failed to disappear in 7
      days, persisting in repeated administration of the preparation.

PMID- 371284
TI  - [API micromultitest system for the identification of anaerobic microorganisms].

PMID- 371285
TI  - [N. I. Toropov (on the 150th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 371286
TI  - [Ecological and epidemiological problems of the natural type of rabies].

PMID- 371287
TI  - [Immune alteration of the leukocytes].

PMID- 371288
TI  - [Escherichia coli plasmids].

PMID- 371289
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of Nocardia asteroides].
AB  - Morphology--by growth phases-- was studied in the N. asteroides strain isolated
      from cows suffering from mastitis in Cuba. During the growth N. asteroides
      culture underwent a number of morphological cyclic changes; definite morphology
      was typical for each growth phase. There was a similarity between the structure
      of the surface N. asteroides and mycobacteria; cyclic changes in the structure of
      the membranes in nocardia were also shown.

PMID- 371290
TI  - [Characteristics of the action of the biologically active factor from virulent
      Shigella flexneri strains in a study on mice and a cell culture].
AB  - The authors subjected to further study the biologically active factor revealed by
      them earlier in the virulent Sh. flexneri cultures by using the genetically bound
      triad of Sh. flexneri 5a-222 cultures and the corresponding couple of Sh.
      flexneri 2a-516. There was shown correlation of the strains virulence determined
      by the keratoconjunctival test, with the presence of genetically-determined
      production of the biologically active factor detectable in the culture filtrate,
      which produced toxic action of the continuous cell cultures in the virulen Sh.
      flexneri strains of different serovars (2a and 5a), and lethal action in
      intravenous injection to mice. Comparative study of toxicity of the preparations
      of the endotoxin, free endotoxin, and neurotoxin types showed the biologically
      active factor to resemble the neurotoxin, differing from it in the toxic action
      and thermolability. Filtrates of the virulent and genetically characterised
      avirulent strains differed in the protein and lipids content, this permitting to
      suggest participation of the protein and lipid complex in the toxic action of the
      biologically active factor.

PMID- 371291
TI  - [Media with yeast RNA for isolating Shigella flexneri from feces].
AB  - The authors demonstrated a considerable, in comparison with the control, increase
      of the biomass of Sh. flexneri causative agent, when growing in meat-peptone
      broth with 1-4 mg of NaRNA,  and of the number of colonies in the feces of the
      patients and of healthy persons artificially contaminated with Sh. flexneri when
      inoculated in Ploskirev's agar or Endo medium with 4 mg/ml of NaRNA. Using media
      with NaRNA for laboratory diagnosis of dysentery is recommended.

PMID- 371292
TI  - [Evaluation of the diagnostic effectiveness Shigella sonnei and Shigells flexneri
      antigenic preparations by serological examination data on patients with clinical
      dysentery].

PMID- 371293
TI  - [Reactogenicity and immunological effectiveness of an oral cholera chemical
      vaccine in a limited controlled experiment with human revaccination].
AB  - Oral cholera chemical vaccine in the doses tested (2 and 3 tablets) proved to be
      areactogenic, harmless and immunologically effective in a controlled limited
      trial in 150 volunteers. By the results of titration of specific antitoxins and
      vibriocidal antibodies in the blood serum, as well as of coproantibodies a dose
      of 2 tablets was chosen as the optimal one.

PMID- 371294
TI  - [Antigenic activity of a gamma-ray inactivated, concentrated, purified cultured
      antirabies vaccine].
AB  - Concentrated purified cultural rabies vaccine inactivated with gamma-rays caused
      in intramuscular injection (2 ml twice at an interval of 23 and 21 days)
      production of virus-neutralizing antibodies both in experiments on animals and in
      the vaccinated volunteers in titres not below those obtained in persons given a
      complete course of cultural rabies vaccine inoculations. No untoward reactions
      occurred.

PMID- 371295
TI  - [Use of the immunofluorescent microagglutination reaction for the purpose of
      studying ornithosis infection. 1. Production and approbation of a corpuscular
      luminescent diagnosticum].
AB  - A method of obtaining the fluorescent ornithosis corpuscular diagnostic agent
      providing for the extraction of the corpuscular antigen with its subsequent
      conjugation with fluorochrome-fluoresceine isothiocyanate. The use of this
      preparation permits to stage the agglutination reaction on the basis of
      immunofluorescent analysis, this facilitating the recording of the reaction
      results and considerably decreasing consumption of the diagnostic agent. As
      shown, the suggested immunofluorescent microagglutination reaction was
      characterised by a sufficiently high sensitivity, specificity, and can be used
      for detection of antibodies to the causative agent of ornithosis.

PMID- 371296
TI  - [Activity of the T- and B-lymphocyte systems in microbial eczema].
AB  - The author demonstrated a marked reduction in number of T-spontaneously rosette
      forming lymphocyte and B-cells tested by direct immunofluorescence in the
      peripheral blood of patients suffering from microbial eczema. Reduction in number
      of B-lymphocytes was accompanied by a decrease in serum immunoglobulins (of M and
      G classes) content, of the titre of normal antibodies of E. coli, in parallel
      with increase in concentration of immunoglobulins, class A, and of agglutinating
      titre to staphylococcus P-209.

PMID- 371297
TI  - [Tissue and bacterial sensitization in patients with bone pathology].
AB  - The author studied sensitization to normal tissues (bone, muscle, spleen) and
      tissues altered by pathological process (sequestrum, scars), and also to
      allergens of widespread causative agents of purulent infection (staphylococcus,
      streptococcus, Proteus, E. coli) in 87 patients with different bone pathology and
      in 24 donors. Leukocytolysis reaction (modified by Karapaty) was used for
      ascertaining the sensitization; a total of 592 tests were conducted. With the
      development of infection in soft tissues and then in the bone there was an
      increase in frequency of positive reactions and their manifestation in
      interaction with the antigens of both normal tissues and those altered by
      pathological process. The incidence of positive reactions and their manifestation
      with bacterial allergens coinciding with the microbial flora of the focus of
      infection was also increased.

PMID- 371298
TI  - [Indices of peripheral blood lymphocyte blast and macrophagal transformation in
      typhoid and dysentery in the presence of a bacteriophage homologous to the type
      of causative agent].

PMID- 371299
TI  - [Acceptor capacity of frozen and thawed bacteria in relation to isolated plasmid
      DNA].

PMID- 371300
TI  - [Method of increasing the specificity of polyvalent ram coli-sera].

PMID- 371301
TI  - [Transforming activity of plasmid R6K DNA on Serratia marcescens strain 20-10.
      The behavior of the plasmid in the transformants].
AB  - The authors described transformation of S. marcescens, strain 20-10, of the
      isolated R6K plasmide DNA. As demonstrated by centrifugation in cesium chloride
      gradient and electrophoresis in agarose, the plasmide was present in the
      transformants in the form identical to R6K in E. coli K12. Analysis of the
      transforming activity of R6K plasmide from Serratia and E. coli K12 strains with
      a complete and defective restriction system showed S. marsescens, strain 20-10,
      to possess specific system of restriction and modification. In studying beta
      lactamase activity and Serratia and E. coli strains ampicillin and streptomycin
      resistance revealed differences in the phenotypical expression of the plasmide
      signs in the heterologous and homologous host.

PMID- 371302
TI  - [History of the plague epidemic in the Ukraine in 1770-1774].

PMID- 371303
TI  - [Intracytoplasmic membrane structures in the L forms of the hemolytic
      streptococcus].
AB  - In studying the submicroscopic structure of the L-form of streptococcus, group A,
      isolated from the heart tissue of rabbit there were revealed intracytoplasmic
      membrane structures. Ring lamellar structures were most frequently revealed in
      the spheroid cells with dense and loose cytoplasm. They were also found in dense
      cytoplasm of elementary bodies. Myelin-like structures or those resembling a
      bundle of microtubules were less incident. Fibrillar structures collected into
      bands, 64--140 nm in with, and located on one or both sides of the cells beside
      the cytoplasmic membrane were revealed in the spheroid cells. Individual
      fibrillae, 8 to 10 nm in diameter, adhered one to another, interlaced, and were
      sometimes located in parallel. The fibrillar band was loose in the lysed cells.

PMID- 371305
TI  - [L. V. Gromashevskii's theory and the modern tasks of epidemiology].

PMID- 371304
TI  - [Aromatic amino acid metabolism in Enterobacteriaceae microorganisms].
AB  - The authors revealed phenylalanine deaminase (PAD) in the majority of the
      Citrobacter strains investigated; the activity of PAD varied within a rather
      considerable range (0.3--4.58 micrometer of phenylpiruvate in 1 hr per 1 mg of
      bacterial protein). The presence of this enzyme thus served as an auxiliary
      biochemical test characterising this group of conditionally pathogenic microbes
      of the Enterobacteriacea family. Tyrosine decarboxylase was absent in 26 of 50
      strains of Citrobacter examined. In the rest of the strains the activity of this
      enzyme was low. Consequently, tyrosine decarboxylase could not be used for
      identification of microorganisms of the Citrobacter genus.

PMID- 371306
TI  - [Gibbs free energy in periodic enterobacterial cultures].
AB  - The authors present the results of study of the Gibbs' free energy (--delta G)
      output in periodic cultures of nonpathogenic and enteropathogenic escherichia,
      shigellae, salmonellae,  Proteus, serratia, and klebsiellae in the hydrolysate
      broth in a special twelve--chamber cultivator. Graphic expression--deltaG = f(N)
      permitted to reveal differences in the energy characteristics of individual
      enterobacteria genera and species. It is supposed that such studies could be
      useful in the choice of redox-indicators during the construction of differential
      diagnostic media for the laboratory diagnosis of intestinal infections.

PMID- 371307
TI  - [Content of A-, G- and M-class immunoglobulins in adults perorally immunized with
      a liver Sonne dysentery vaccine].
AB  - The authors studied the immunological shifts in the blood and saliva of 357
      adults immunized with live enteral dysentery Sonne vaccine from a spontaneous
      mutant according to different schemes (1, 2, 3, 4 injections at 2--3-day
      intervals. The general level of IgA, IgG, and IgM increased during the
      immunization; there was also an elevation of the specific antibodies level of
      these classes in the blood of the persons vaccinated. Accretion was the greatest
      of IgA both in the blood and in saliva of the immunized persons; this pointed to
      a marked, chiefly local, immunological activity of the vaccine. As shown, during
      the immunization the rise and the changes in the antibody level of various
      immunoglobulin classes differed from such in dysentery infection; in the latter
      case, along with the IgA-antibodies there was a marked elevation of the IgG- and
      IgM-antibodies level. It is supposed that there was a possibility of a changed of
      a 4-time immunization scheme  to-3-time one, with increase of intervals between
      the vaccine administration.

PMID- 371308
TI  - [Antibiotic and sulfanilamide resistance of the coli- and lactobacteria used for
      the production of bacterial preparations].
AB  - An antibiotic-resistant mutant recommended for the production of colibacterin
      preparation was isolated from the E. coli strain M-17 highly-sensitive to
      antibiotics. A possibility of complex use of bacterial preparations (coli- and
      lactobacterin) with antibiotics and sulphanylamides for prevention of
      dysbacteriosis was demonstrated.

PMID- 371309
TI  - [Nomenclature of the bacteria of the genus Shigella and their systematic position
      in the family of Enterobacteriaceae].

PMID- 371310
TI  - [Nutrient medium for the isolation of hemocultures from brucellosis patients].
AB  - To isolate brucellosis causative agent from the blood of patients against the
      background of antibiotic therapy the authors used for the first time the medium
      consisting of aminopeptide, beta-globulin agar with glucose, glycerine, and twin
      60. No valuable food products--meat, liver--were required to prepare the medium;
      by-product of gamma-globulin production being used. With the aid of the suggested
      medium there was isolated 2.4 times more hemocultures than on the widely used
      meat-peptone medium. This is attributed to the presence in the medium of human
      protein, essential amino acids, and blood mineral substances, which, in
      combination, facilitated adaptation of brucellosis causative agent to the
      nutrient medium similar to human blood by composition. Economical effect in using
      the mentioned medium constituted 53.8% annually.

PMID- 371311
TI  - [Psychiatric diagnosis and the problem of diagnosis. 1].

PMID- 371312
TI  - [Preoperative calculation for stereotaxic clipping of cerebral aneurysms].
AB  - Preoperative calculations employing geometric methods make it possible to
      determine the optimum site for forming the trephination opening and the position
      of the plane for parting the clips in operations of stereotaxic clipping. Some
      new special terms are suggested which are used in geometric constructions. The
      suggested method was applied in 23 operations on 20 patients with arterial and
      arteriovenous aneurysms of the brain treated by the method of stereotaxic
      clipping.

PMID- 371313
TI  - [Problems in the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy].

PMID- 371314
TI  - Characteristics of evoked potentials and single neuron responses in the cat
      sensorimotor cortex to sound stimuli with different frequencies.
AB  - The characteristics of the averaged evoked potentials (AEP) (experiments with
      awake non-paralysed animals), of the evoked potentials (EP) and of the responses
      of single sensorimotor cortical neurons (acute experiments) of cats to tone
      bursts with frequencies within 0.1-6.0 kHz were studied. Response selectivity to
      the tone-burst frequencies which are energetically pronounced in some
      biologically significant sounds for the cat was observed. The averaged curve of
      the dependence of the amplitude of AEP in the somatosensory cortical region (S1)
      on the tone-burst frequency has reliable maximum values at the frequencies of
      0.8, 1.6 and 2.0-3.0 kHz. Most pronounced changes in the heart rhythm were
      observed within the tone-burst frequency ranges in which the AEP of the highest
      amplitudes were recorded. The amplitude of the AEP was found to increase during
      the conditioned reflex elaboration. The curve of the dependence of the
      probability of the EP occurrence on the frequency at equal sound pressure levels
      had maximum values at the frequencies of 1.6 and 3.2 kHz. The highest amplitude
      values of EP were found at frequencies of 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 kHz. More than half of
      the recorded neurons revealed the lowest values of the response thresholds and
      the maximum values of the occurrence probability under suprathreshold stimulation
      at frequencies close to 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 kHz. It is supposed that the above
      mentioned feature of the input frequency organization in sensorimotor cortex is
      connected with the selectivity as to the biological significance of acoustic
      stimuli.

PMID- 371315
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistent Professor Josef Kroupa, D.Sc].

PMID- 371316
TI  - Pulmonary embolism associated with elective surgery, detected by ventilation
      perfusion scintigraphy.
AB  - The frequency of clinical and sub-clinical postoperative pulmonary embolism,
      demonstrated by combined pulmonary ventilation-perfusion scanning, and the
      prophylactic effect of low-dose heparin, were assessed in a randomised double
      blind study in 43 patients aged over 40 years. Pulmonary embolism was
      demonstrated using combined ventilation-perfusion scanning in 4 out of 43
      patients (9%). The incidence was 1 out of 19 patients in the heparin-treated
      group and 3 out of 24 patients in the placebo group. This difference was not
      significant. If post-operative perfusion scanning alone had been utilised for
      diagnosing pulmonary embolism, the frequency of pulmonary emboli would have been
      33%, with 21% in the heparin group and 46% in the placebo group. This difference
      is not significant. It is concluded that perfusion scanning over-estimates the
      frequency of post-operative pulmonary embolism. The use of the more specific
      combined ventilation-perfusion scanning shows that asymptomatic postoperative
      pulmonary embolism does occur, but that the frequency is considerably lower than
      indicated by perfusion scanning alone. Combined ventilations-perfusion scanning
      must be performed in studies assessing the effects of various treatment regimes
      on the frequency of pulmonary embolism postoperatively. The small number of
      patients included in the study do not permit any conclusions concerning any
      prophylactic effect of low-dose heparin against pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 371317
TI  - Dexon versus chromic catgut-Mersilene simultaneously employed for gastro
      intestinal anastomoses, evaluated endoscopically.
AB  - Twenty gastro-intestinal anastomoses were sutured, in a randomized manner, with
      two layers of Dexon in the anterior or posterior suture line, and chromic catgut
      Merselene in the other. Each of the suture lines was evaluated "blind" using
      endoscopy, 3 months postoperatively. No anastomosis failure was observed, in any
      of the patients, nor were there any definite differences between the two suture
      lines with regard to the degree of irritation. However, visible, non-absorbable
      suture material could be seen in two cases where conventional material had been
      employed. It is concluded that two layers of Dexon are preferable to non
      absorbable materials for use in gastro-intestinal anastomoses.

PMID- 371318
TI  - Septic complications in colo-rectal surgery after 24 hours versus 60 hours of
      preoperative antibiotic bowel preparation. I. Prospective, randomized, double
      blind clinical study.
AB  - A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was performed to compare 24 hours
      and 60 hours of preoperative antibiotic bowel preparation by means of gentamicin
      + vancomycin + mycostatin. 83 patients undergoing elective colo-rectal operations
      completed the study (Tablet I), and the two groups proved similar in terms of
      age, sex, diagnosis, surgical procedures and operation time (Table II). No
      significant difference in septic complications was found between patients
      receiving 24 hours and 60 hours of preoperative treatment (Table III). Wound
      infection occurred significantly more frequently in operations of long duration
      (Table IV). Cultures made from infected wounds revealed a mixture of aerobic and
      anaerobic bacteria in half of the cases, whereas pure aerobic or anaerobic
      infections were equally frequent (Table V).

PMID- 371319
TI  - Septic complications in colo-rectal surgery after 24 hours versus 60 hours of
      preoperative antibiotic bowel preparation. II. Significance of bacterial
      concentrations in the bowel for contamination of the operation field and
      subsequent wound infection.
AB  - In a controlled study, the results of peroral preoperative antibiotic bowel
      preparation administered for 24 vs. 60 hours, respectively, were compared. No
      differences were found in concentrations of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria or in
      concentrations of antibiotics in colonic contents. Contamination of the operation
      field during operation was examined by quantitative culture of irrigation fluid
      from the peritoneal cavity and subcutaneous tissue. A significant correlation was
      found between concentrations of bacteria in colonic contents and the degree of
      contamination in the peritoneal cavity and subcutaneous tissue. A significant
      correlation was also found between contamination of the operation field and
      subsequent development of wound infection.

PMID- 371320
TI  - In memory of Louis Gallien.

PMID- 371321
TI  - Short-term regulation of LH and FSH secretion in cyclic women. III. Effects of
      varying doses of two consecutive LH-RH injections on pituitary and ovarian
      response.
AB  - The effects of two consecutive LH-RH injections at 120 min intervals with either
      a varying first or second LH-RH dose on pituitary gonadotrophin response were
      investigated in 15 eugonadal women to study pituitary secretory processes. Each
      volunteer underwent a total of 4 LH-RH double stimulation tests. In group I (n =
      8) the first LH-RH dose of each of the 4 tests was fixed at 25 microgram, whereas
      the second LH-RH dose consisted of either 6, 25, 100 or 400 microgram. In group
      II (n = 7) the first LH-RH dose varied between 6 and 400 microgram, while the
      second LH-RH dose was kept constant at 25 microgram. Serum gonadotrophin and
      serum ovarian steroid levels were determined by radioimmunoassay before and after
      LH-RH administration. The volunteers in both groups served as their own controls.
      A linear log-dose response relationship was found between the various doses of LH
      RH injected and the corresponding LH and FSH elevations elicited. However, the
      dose of the first LH-RH injection also significantly influenced the gonadotrophin
      reaction after the second LH-RH injection in a linear log-dose response
      relationship. Serum levels of oestradiol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and progesterone
      significantly increased in response to the elevated serum gonadotrophin levels
      after LH-RH stimulation during the 4 h test period, but the rise did not
      correlate to the LH-RH dose used. The results indicate that LH-releasing hormone
      stimulates not only the release, but also the synthesis of LH and FSH in a dose
      related manner. These findings are consistent with our previously reported
      concept that the magnitude of LH and FSH response to the first LH-RH injection
      reflects the "storage capacity", while the increase observed after the second LH
      RH injection represents the "synthesis capacity" of the gonadotrophs.

PMID- 371322
TI  - Incidence of immune complex nephritis following active immunisation with a
      testosterone-3-BSA conjugate or BSA alone.
AB  - Before immunisation with hormones can be applied in therapeutic medicine, the
      possible immunological side effects should be investigated. Therefore the kidneys
      of 20 rabbits immunised with testosterone-BSA conjugates were examined 4 to 30
      weeks after immunisation for the presence of immune complex precipitation and
      glomerulonephritis. Eighty-five per cent showed differing degrees of
      precipitation and 50% had an exudative glomerulonephritis. None of the kidneys
      from normal control rabbits or those immunised with complete Freund's adjuvant or
      BSA showed any signs of immune complex precipitation, although high anti-BSA
      titres were present in the BSA-immunised animals (1/3000--1/25,000). BSA
      antibodies could not be detected in the rabbits immunised with testosterone-3
      BSA. In the light of these findings active immunisation with steroid-BSA
      conjugates would not be advisable as a means of therapy.

PMID- 371323
TI  - Studies on the significance of serum soluble fibrin in nephritis, with special
      reference to the technique of staphylococcal clumping.

PMID- 371325
TI  - [Automatic grinding of undecalcified bone sections with exact adjustment of
      thickness].
AB  - A new grinding machine for preparing thin undecalcified bone sections after
      methylmethacrylate embedding is described. About 20 rather small bone sections
      can be ground at the same time; bigger specimens, up to 8 cm of length, are
      allowed. Bone sections are mounted on a cylindrical specimen holder by an
      adhesive film. Then the final thickness of the sections is exactly adjusted by
      screwing three rubies out of the holder's bottom. Now the prepared holder is set
      in a guide ring on a turntable carrying a rough ended glass plate. The desired
      thickness of the sections is reached as soon as the three rubies touch the glass
      surface. The variation in the thickness of the sections is less than +/- 3
      micron. The machine is simply constructed, easily to handle and rapidly to clean.

PMID- 371324
TI  - Experimental studies in rats relative to potential side effects of intestinal
      bypass.

PMID- 371326
TI  - Morphometric evaluation of the number of exocrine pancreatic cells during early
      postnatal growth in the rat.
AB  - The number of the various cell categories of the exocrine pancreas of the rat was
      evaluated by morphometric methods in paraffin sections of glands from rats aged
      2, 5, 15, 20 and 33 days. The evolution of these cell types could be properly
      expressed by equations of the type y = aoek.x, where y = cell number, and x = age
      in days. The time necessary for each cell type to duplicate was thus obtained.
      The percentages (y') of acinar, intercalated duct and connective tissue cells
      also proved to be age-dependent and could be expressed by second-degree
      equations.

PMID- 371327
TI  - Yeast colonization in the oral cavity and feces in patients with denture
      stomatitis.

PMID- 371328
TI  - Correlations of electromyographic silent period duration and the Helkimo
      dysfunction index.
AB  - Fifty-eight patients seen for consultation concerning mandibular dysfunction
      symptoms were examined utilizing the Helkimo index of dysfunction and
      electromyographic silent period recordings from masticatory muscles. The data
      collected were analyzed for correlations between the two parameters. Several
      significant correlations were noted between certain variables of the dysfunction
      index and the duration of the silent period. The mean duration of the silent
      period increased with increasing dysfunction index value. However, the clinical
      significance of this correlation is not established as long as we do not know the
      validity of neither the dysfunction index nor the the EMG silent period duration.

PMID- 371329
TI  - An approach to epidemiologic assessment of complete dentures.

PMID- 371330
TI  - Repair of bone defects by bone inductive material.
AB  - Experimental fibular defects in 16 rats were filled with an acid decalcified
      homogenous bone matrix (bone inductive material). Autogenous bone grafts in
      corresponding defects in the other legs of the same rats served as controls.
      After 3 months, 11 of the 16 defects filled with bone inductive material healed
      with bony union, but only 4 of the 16 defects treated with autogenous bone grafts
      had healed. The results suggest that bone inductive material can repair bone
      defects are too large to be healed by autogenous bone grafts.

PMID- 371331
TI  - The neurovascular island pedicle flap.
AB  - Nine patients with irreparable damage to the nerves of the thumb, treated with a
      neurovascular island pedicle flap from the third or fourth finger to the defect
      thumb, have been re-examined 9 months to 8 years after the operation. Eight
      patients had a 2-point discrimination of less than 15 mm corresponding to the
      flap and all had a positive Ninhydrin test. Two had complete cortical
      reorientation and three partial reorientation. Six found the function of the
      thumb to be good or fair. Three described the result as poor and three had to be
      reoperated because of contractures of the donor finger and/or thumb. The method
      can be recommended for use in young, well motivated patients.

PMID- 371332
TI  - [Dr. Antal Vegh is 75 years old].

PMID- 371333
TI  - Calcium, calcium-antagonistic drugs and the heart.

PMID- 371334
TI  - Ca-blockers and peripheral circulation--physiological viewpoints.

PMID- 371336
TI  - Effects of calcium and calcium antagonists on the excitation-contraction coupling
      in striated and smooth muscle.

PMID- 371335
TI  - Clinical aspects of Ca-blocking agents.

PMID- 371337
TI  - Effect of anterior deafferentation of the hypothalamus on the release of
      luteinizing hormone (LH) and reproductive function in sheep.
AB  - The present study was designed to determine the effects of the anterior
      deafferentation of the hypothalamus performed at the level of posterior border of
      the optic chiasm--group I and above the midline of the optic chiasm--group II, on
      the release of LH and reproductive function in sheep. All 13 ewes of the group I
      lost their estrous cycles and did not experience ovulations as well as
      preovulatory type of LH surge. In 8 ewes the basal LH concentration in the blood
      plasma remained in physiological range of the diestrous phase of the cyclic ewes.
      In the remaining 5 animals in which deafferentation caused some lesions of the
      ventromedial-infundibular area the basal plasma LH level was markedly reduced. In
      contrast in all 18 ewes of group II, estrous cycles occurred regularly during the
      whole postoperative period of the breeding season. Moreover, throughout the
      subsequent quiescent non-breeding season 10 of these ewes displayed regular
      estrous cycles, 3 ewes had irregular estrous cycles and 5 ewes became anestrous.
      In all the ewes of this group the basal plasma LH levels were in physiological
      range, but preovulatory peaks of LH were lower than in the control ones. The
      neuroanatomic organization of the sheep hypothalamic structure participating in
      the control of gonadotropin secretion and estrous cycle regulation is discussed.

PMID- 371338
TI  - Renal transplantation in amyloidosis.
AB  - During a three-year period renal transplantation was performed in 12 patients
      with amyloidosis. This disease was primary (or the cause unknown) in two cases
      and secondary in ten. In the latter cases the primary disease was rheumatoid
      arthritis in six, ankylosing spondylitis in one, osteomyelitis in two and
      tuberculosis in one. Five of the 12 patients were alive one year after
      transplantation. Two years after transplantation four out of seven were alive.
      Graft survival was the same. At the end of the three-year period five patients
      were alive. In two of these cases renal biopsy showed amyloid deposits in the
      transplant two and three years, respectively, after the transplantation.

PMID- 371339
TI  - Analgesic treatment with levomepromazine in acute myocardial infarction. A
      randomized clinical trial.
AB  - The efficacy of a non-narcotic analgesic is evaluated in a double-blind
      randomized series of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
      Levomepromazine or pethidine were given in 328 consecutive cases to 316 patients
      within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. Levomepromazine, 12.5 mg, appeared
      as effective as pethidine, 50 mg, in the alleviation of pain, though the initial
      dose had to be higher. Nausea and vomiting were half as frequent in the
      levomepromazine group as in the pethidine group (p less than 0.001). The
      incidences of arrhythmias, lung oedema, hypotension and thromboembolic
      complications did not differ between the groups. The mortality rate in the first
      4 weeks was 22% in the levomepromazine group and 37% in the pethidine group (p
      less than 0.005), and after one year 39 and 50% (p less than 0.05), respectively.
      It is concluded that levomepromazine is better tolerated than pethidine in AMI.
      This suggests that the present management of pain in AMI should be reconsidered.

PMID- 371340
TI  - Insulin in portal, hepatic and peripheral venous blood after glucose, tolbutamide
      and glipizide stimulation. Indication of insulin release from peripheral tissues.
AB  - Insulin in portal, hepatic and/or peripheral venous blood was determined in 16
      patients admitted to a surgical ward for various diseases. Portal venous blood
      was obtained via a catheter introduced into the portal vein either through the
      umbilical vein remnant or transhepatically. Four subjects were given a peroral
      load of glucose, followed after 60 min by i.v. tolbutamide. In simultaneous blood
      samples, two of these subjects showed higher insulin concentrations in peripheral
      venous blood than in portal venous blood. Twelve subjects were given i.v.
      glipizide. In one subject blood samples were drawn from the portal vein, a
      hepatic vein and a peripheral vein and in six subjects from the portal vein and a
      hepatic vein. Two subjects showed higher insulin concentrations in peripheral
      venous blood than in portal venous blood. The mean peripheral insulin response
      (six subjects) was of the same magnitude as the mean hepatic insulin response
      (six subjects). It is suggested that these findings reflect a release of
      previously bound insulin from peripheral tissues.

PMID- 371341
TI  - A stroke unit in a medical department. Organization and the first 100 patients.
AB  - A non-intensive stroke unit of 10 beds has been started in the Medical
      Department, Serafimerlasarettet, Stockholm. The aim is to make diagnostic and
      therapeutic studies in unselected stroke patients. Patients with suspect
      cerebrovascular disease in the Casualty Department are admitted to the unit non
      selectively and without any age limit. Relevant physical findings and laboratory
      data are followed and registered by code on special charts to make evaluation by
      computer possible. A preplanned investigative programme is adhered to. Strict
      criteria for diagnosis and treatment are followed. The experience and results
      from the first 100 patients treated in the Stroke Unit indicate that the unit is
      a good basis for both education and research.

PMID- 371342
TI  - Pancreatic beta cell secretion during oral and intravenous glucose
      administration.
AB  - The contribution of decreased hepatic insulin extraction to the relative
      hyperinsulinemia after oral glucose load as compared to intravenous glucose load
      was studied in 6 normal weight male volunteers by means of an analysis of the
      relationship between peripheral venous concentrations of insulin and C-peptide
      following similar glycemic stimuli after oral and intravenous glucose
      administration. The incremental areas  under the insulin and C-peptide curves
      were higher during oral as compared to intravenous glucose administration, 436
      (251--762) per cent and 267 (124-378) per cent respectively (mean and range). The
      ratio between corresponding incremental areas of insulin and C-peptide were 53
      (17--103 per cent higher during oral glucose load. These findings suggest that
      the augmented peripheral insulin levels after oral glucose administration are
      caused by a combination of increased beta cell secretion and decreased hepatic
      insulin extraction.

PMID- 371343
TI  - Laurids Korsgaard Christensen. 60 years.

PMID- 371344
TI  - Kidney function in acromegaly.
AB  - Creatinine clearance and daily urinary albumin and beta2-microglobulin excretion
      rates (radio-immunoassays) were measured several times in 14 patients with
      acromegaly. Eleven patients were treated with bromocriptine, 5 to 55 mg/day. The
      activity of the disease was assessed by measuring urinary growth hormone
      excretion (radio-immunoassay). In agreement with previous investigations we found
      the creatinine clearance elevated. However, no correlation was found between this
      variable and urinary growth hormone excretion. Urinary albumin and beta 2
      microglobulin excretion rates were not significantly different from our previous
      results in 27 adults control subjects. There was no correlation between urinary
      growth hormone excretion and urinary albumin or beta 2-microglobulin excretion
      rates. Bromocriptine treatment reduced urinary growth hormone excretion from 220
      to 91 ng/24 hours, p less than 0.01, but no significant alterations were induced
      in the above mentioned kidney function variables.

PMID- 371345
TI  - Variations of matrix electrondensity in brain mitochondria.
AB  - The configuration of brain mitochondria was compared in situ, after aldehyde
      perfusion and/or osmium immersion fixation and in isolated fractions of different
      functional performance. After combined aldehyde perfusion osmium immersion
      fixation in situ, mitochondria were condensed having a dark matrix. Fractions
      capable of controlled respiration also consisted of condensed mitochondria. On
      the contrary, expanded mitochondria with light matrix were brought about by
      immersion fixation. Fractions consisting predominantly of light mitochondria
      displayed no controlled respiration. Light matrix and expanded form are therefore
      regarded as a functionally impaired state of brain mitochondria. The condensed
      form is thought to be a landmark of good fixation.

PMID- 371346
TI  - Blood supply of the rat amygdala.
AB  - The cerebral vessels of the rat were filled with inks of different colours. The
      topography of the vessels of the amygdala were reconstructed from serial
      sections. The circulation of the individual amygdaloid nuclei was studied in
      detail. The arteries of the amygdala arise from the deep and cortical branches of
      the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries. Eight major arteries were
      found to supply blood to the amygdala. All amygdaloid nuclei receive branches
      from both arterial trunks. The vast majority of the veins are collected by the
      middle cerebral and basal veins. Only a small fraction drains into the
      hippocampal vein. Of particular importance are the veins ending in the basal vein
      and those cortical ones that run in the rhinal sulcus. All amygdaloid nuclei have
      a multidirectional drainage.

PMID- 371347
TI  - Obituary: Sixto Obrador, 1911--1978.

PMID- 371348
TI  - The effect of high dose dexamethasone in children with severe closed head injury.
      A preliminary report.
AB  - Out of a total 157 hospitalized head-injured children, twelve years of age and
      under, fifteen were considered to be severe, three of whom died within 72 hours
      of admission. Nine children with closed head injuries who were in coma for at
      least 24 hours (did not open eyes, speak, or follow commands), with absent or
      impaired oculocephalic reflex, impaired pupil reactivity to light, and who were
      decerebrating for at least twelve hours, were studied. Five were given high dose
      dexamethasone therapy (1 mg/kg) within six hours of injury, repeated at six
      hours, and then maintained at 1 mg/kg/day for eight days, and four either
      received none or were treated with a low dose regimen (0.25 mg/kg/day). In those
      receiving high dose therapy, intracranial pressure waves were noticeably less,
      peak intracranial pressure was lower, and intensive care and hospital stay were
      shorter. It was also noted that in the high dose therapy group spontaneous eye
      opening and speech returned sooner, and all were considered to have returned to
      their premorbid status by six months following injury. Of the no steroid or low
      dose group, one died, and of the remainder at six months one was aphasic and
      still decerebrating, another was aphasic and severely handicapped, and the third
      returned to school seven months after injury.

PMID- 371349
TI  - Vito Maria Buscaino, 1st December, 1887--29th April, 1978.

PMID- 371350
TI  - Controlled clinical trial of nomifensine, a non tricyclic antidepressant drug.

PMID- 371351
TI  - Comparison between the antidepressant activity and of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe)
      and that of some tricyclic drugs.

PMID- 371352
TI  - The influence of centrophenoxine on the oxidative catalysis of the nervous system
      of marine vertebrates and invertebrates including symptoms of a convulsive
      effect.

PMID- 371353
TI  - Dr. Samuel A. Brody.

PMID- 371354
TI  - Hormonal control of gluconeogenesis.

PMID- 371355
TI  - Energy metabolism in feasting and fasting.
AB  - During feasting on a balanced carbohydrate, fat, and protein meal resting
      metabolic rate, body temperature and respiratory quotient all increase. The
      dietary components are utilized to replenish and augment glycogen and fat stores
      in the body. Excessive carbohydrate is also converted to lipid in the liver and
      stored along with the excessive lipids of dietary origin as triglycerides in
      adipose tissue, the major fuel storage depot. Amino acids in excess of those
      needed for protein synthesis are preferentially catabolized over glucose and fat
      for energy production. This occurs because there are no significant storage sites
      for amino acids or proteins, and the accumulation of nitrogenous compounds is ill
      tolerated. During fasting, adipose tissue, muscle, liver, and kidneys work in
      concert to supply, to convert, and to conserve fuels for the body. During the
      brief postabsorptive period, blood fuel homeostasis is maintained primarily by
      hepatic glycogenolysis and adipose tissue lipolysis. As fasting progresses,
      muscle proteolysis supplies glycogenic amino acids for heightened hepatic
      gluconeogenesis for a short period of time. After about three days of starvation,
      the metabolic profile is set to conserve protein and to supply greater quantities
      of alternate fuels. In particular, free fatty acids and ketone bodies are
      utilized to maintain energy needs. The ability of the kidney to conserve ketone
      bodies prevents the loss of large quantities of these valuable fuels in the
      urine. This delicate interplay among liver, muscle, kidney, and adipose tissue
      maintains blood fuel homeostasis and allows humans to survive caloric deprivation
      for extended periods.

PMID- 371356
TI  - Hormonal control of ketogenesis.

PMID- 371357
TI  - Mode of action of aspirin-like drugs.

PMID- 371358
TI  - Iatrogenic disorders from cancer treatment.
AB  - All cancer therapies have potential and often serious side effects. With
      judicious selection of therapies, the risks are acceptable as are the
      contributions to better care, including that of iatrogenic disorders from
      therapy. It should, again, be stressed that new drugs and new modalities in
      combinations of treatments increase iatrogenic disorders from cancer therapy; as
      this increase is more and more appreciated, adjustments in schedules are
      resulting in decreased incidences of such disorders. Truly long-term effects over
      decades or generations are, of course, not yet known for most of the modern
      cancer therapies.

PMID- 371359
TI  - Medical complications of drug abuse.
AB  - Because we do not fully understand the cause of drug abuse, we do not currently
      have specific therapy for the abuse phenomenon. It is likely that those patients
      who abuse drugs are not a homogeneous treatment group. The patients seen most
      frequently because of medical complications probably represent only a small
      percentage of the total number of drug abusers. The medical complications of drug
      abuse affect almost all organ systems, and may result acutely from overdose or
      may not become apparent until after prolonged or recurrent use. Special emphasis
      has been placed on recognizing the key points of the physical examination in the
      overdose setting and in the drug-abusing patient that will give clues as to the
      nature and degree of the drug abuse. It is not clear whether drug abuse causes
      behavioral problems or vice versa. Physicians need to develop the medical
      expertise necessary to care for patients with drug abuse problems. Special
      attention is called to new drug abuse problems: complications associated with
      phencyclidine, amyl nitrate, and layman's remedies; acute and pulmonary
      complications; rhabdomyolysis; the brown heroin syndrome; and methylphenidate
      abuse. Although each of these complications has individual importance, a high
      incidence of alcohol use and smoking further compromises the general health of
      drug-abusing patients. Treating all of the medical complications of drugs must be
      viewed as only the beginning of a therapeutic attempt to restore these patients
      to a more physically and emotionally healthy life.

PMID- 371360
TI  - Current problems in sexually transmitted diseases.

PMID- 371361
TI  - Natural history and management of polycythemia vera.

PMID- 371362
TI  - Digitalis glycosides: clinical pharmacology.

PMID- 371363
TI  - Noninvasive assessment of left ventricular function.

PMID- 371365
TI  - Enteric hyperoxaluria.

PMID- 371364
TI  - Continuing treatment of respiratory insufficiency.

PMID- 371366
TI  - Fluid and electrolyte fluxes in the gut.

PMID- 371367
TI  - Computed tomography of the abdominal organs.

PMID- 371368
TI  - Oral hypoglycemic agents.

PMID- 371369
TI  - How good is the statistical evidence against oral hypoglycemic agents?

PMID- 371371
TI  - A placebo controlled double-blind trial of beclomethasone dipropionate in the
      treatment of allergic rhinitis.
AB  - Beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol, administered intransally, 50 mcg into each
      nostril four times a day, was compared to placebo aerosol therapy in a three
      week, double-blind trial of 30 patients with allergic rhinitis. Evaluation of
      efficacy, derived from patient scoring on daily diary cards and a weekly
      evaluation of signs and symptoms by a physician, showed a statistically
      significant difference in favor of the beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol. The
      400 mcg/day dosage did not provide for systemic absorption as determined by
      measurements of plasma cortisol levels and circulating eosinophils. The only side
      effects consisted of mild to moderate burning and stinging or drying of the nasal
      mucosa.

PMID- 371372
TI  - Variation in the measurement of serum IgE levels.
AB  - Three assays for immunoglobulin E (IgE) are compared using seven serum samples
      covering a wide range of values. The assays examined are the double antibody
      radioimmunoassay, single antibody/ammonium sulfate precipitation method and the
      paper radioimmunosorbent test (PRIST). In addition, values from the double
      antibody and single antibody/ammonium sulfate assays are compared using two
      different antisera to IgE. PRIST results in consistently lower values but the
      three assays produce results that would not have been clinically significantly
      different. The range of values obtained over a six-month period with aliquots of
      the same two samples run in duplicate twenty-three times in the double antibody
      assay was 1080 to 1440 I.U./ml for the Hi sample and 5.4 to 9.0 I.U./ml for the
      LO. Results are compared to those of a national study in which serum samples were
      supplied blind to research laboratories for analysis by two methods. Coefficients
      of variation from 35% to 73% are unacceptably large and indicate the need to
      establish international standards for serum IgE quantitation.

PMID- 371373
TI  - "In vitro" diagnosis of food allergy.

PMID- 371370
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of the steroidal oral contraceptives.

PMID- 371374
TI  - Immunologic and genetic factors predisposing to allergy.
AB  - Allergy often begins with a subtle and/or transient T cell defect. This defect is
      first responsible for an IgA deficiency. The normal function of IgA is immune
      exclusion. In its absence, allergens can pass through the mucosa and stimulate
      the immunocompetent cells. The T cell defect may also be implied by the synthesis
      of IgE directed against the allergens which passed through. Clinical, biological
      and immunological findings (T cell defect in allergic disease, low range of IgA
      in the early life of atopics) are in agreement. The genetic factor for pollinosis
      and house dust allergy are segregated. In ragweed allergy there is an Ir gene
      coding for antigen-specific Ig of different classes and a group of non-linked
      major histocompatibility complex alleles coding for non antigen-specific IgE.
      There are some links with HLA. In house dust allergy the Ir gene is very common
      and almost everyone can produce an allergy under some conditions (T cell defect).
      Whatever the immunologic and genetic factors are, they need allergens and
      environmental factors to induce allergy. Allergy is a complex state in which
      several mechanisms, often associated and sometimes unclear, are involved. Some of
      them may be an abnormality of the autonomic nervous system, and/or an increase in
      the mucous membrane permeability, and/or a subtle immunodeficiency. All these
      mechanisms are regulated by genetic factors and modulated by environmental ones.

PMID- 371375
TI  - Effect of participation in sport/physical education on the development of the
      exceptional child.

PMID- 371377
TI  - Therapy of rheumatoid disease.

PMID- 371376
TI  - Coronary risk factor intervention--a review of physical activity and serum
      lipids.

PMID- 371378
TI  - Venous delay, a major source of error in isotopic cardiac output determination.

PMID- 371379
TI  - Rationale and use of vasodilators in the management of congestive heart failure.

PMID- 371380
TI  - The benefits of coronary artery bypass surgery. A suggestion of objective
      evaluation.

PMID- 371381
TI  - Sign of a new era. Mary Munson Runge steps up.

PMID- 371382
TI  - Bacteriocin typing of Serratia marcescens. A simplified system.
AB  - The authors describe a simplified system for the detection of bacteriocin
      production by Serratia marcescens with the use of six indicator strains, which
      include Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter diversus,
      Enterobacter aerogenes (two strains), and Serratia rubidaea grown on arabinose
      minimal medium plates. Of the 64 possible bacteriocin types, 11 were observed;
      66% of the isolates tested were found to be one of three types. Occasionally more
      than one bacteriocin type was observed in an individual specimen; however,
      serotyping or antibiograms, or both, also indicated this was a different strain.
      The marcescin types were stable markers. With the use of this technic, different
      endemic strains of Serratia were shown to predominate in various areas of the
      hospital. In addition, when urinary tract isolates were compared with respiratory
      tract isolates, significant differences were found in the predominate types. The
      typing of these isolates by bacteriocin production was supported by serotype and
      antibiotype findings. The results suggest that this simple system may be a useful
      tool in a general hospital.

PMID- 371383
TI  - Comparative costs of microbial identification employing conventional and
      prepackaged commercial systems.
AB  - The accuracy of commercially prepackaged kits for microbial identification has
      become well established. Laboratory workers may encounter increasing demands for
      production of objective data to justify replacement of systems using individual
      biochemical tests in tubes. The authors present a system of cost analysis in
      which materials and labor costs are separately computed, and to which are added
      the effects of (1) fringe benefits, (2) decreased productivity resulting from
      administration, quality control, education and development, and (3) the
      additional expense of indirect costs that are allocated to laboratory procedures
      by accepted and standardized hospital accounting methods. Labor costs should be
      based on time-engineered studies conducted in individual laboratories.
      Alternatively, various published "unit values" may be used. The result may
      present several alternative differences in cost, depending on which unit values
      are accepted as applicable to the individual laboratory. Despite these
      uncertainties, the method of analysis provides a more objective means of
      justifying the cost of introduction of prepackaged kits where accuracy and speed
      of identification have already been proven to have advantages over biochemical
      tests in tubes.

PMID- 371384
TI  - Valproate sodium in refractory seizures: a study of efficacy.
AB  - Sodium valproate (N-dipropylacetic acid) is a newly released anticonvulsant drug
      with a broad spectrum of activity. Twenty-seven children with uncontrolled
      seizures, predominantly akinetic and myoclonic, were treated with this drug.
      Encouraging results were noted in those with head-nodding spells, body drops, and
      myoclonic jerks ("minor motor" seizures). Side effects included occasional
      gastrointestinal disturbance. No important hepatotoxic complications were noted.
      Two persons displayed transient neurologic side effects. Of particular interest
      was the noticeable improvements in mental status noted in 17 of the 27 patients.
      Some variations in blood level of other anticonvulsant drugs were noted,
      emphasizing the importance of monitoring these drugs. Valproate sodium provides
      important improvement in our ability to manage minor motor seizures.

PMID- 371385
TI  - Zoster-like eruption due to echovirus 6.
AB  - A unilateral vesiculobullous eruption associated with fever was seen on the neck,
      shoulder, and upper part of the chest of a 7-year-old boy. Although three
      dermatomes in all were involved, the lesions resembled herpes zoster. The patient
      had had varicella in infancy. Culture of fluid from several bullae yielded
      echovirus 6; however, and serum neutralizing antibody to this virus rose in titer
      from 1:32 to 1:640. It is suggested that echovirus 6 and other enteroviruses may
      cause a number of vesicular eruptions that resemble herpes zoster and similar
      infections. Viral culture, while often difficult to obtain, is the only way to
      identify the cause of eruptions like this one.

PMID- 371386
TI  - The B vitamins and vitamin C in human nutrition. II. 'Conditional' B vitamins and
      vitamin C.

PMID- 371387
TI  - The nonhematologic manifestations of iron deficiency.

PMID- 371388
TI  - Heroin addiction as a family phenomenon: a new conceptual model.
AB  - The chronic relapsing nature of heroin addiction can be explained from a family
      systems viewpoint. The addiction cycle is part of a family pattern involving a
      complex homeostatic system of interlocking feedback mechanisms. These serve to
      maintain the addiction and consequently the overall family stability. Drug-taking
      usually starts at adolescence. It is related to an intense fear of separation
      experienced by the family in response to the addict's attempts at individuation.
      The family becomes stuck at a particular developmental stage. Heroin provides a
      solution at several levels to the dilemma of whether or not to allow him
      independence. Paradoxically, it permits him to simultaneously be both close and
      distant, "in" and "out", competent and incompetent, relative to his family of
      origin. This is pseudoindividuation. An understanding of these concepts, and
      their integration into a homeostatic model, can provide the basis for effective
      treatment.

PMID- 371389
TI  - The family and drug misuse: a bibliography.

PMID- 371390
TI  - The risk of streptococcal infections in rheumatic and non-rheumatic families: an
      application of Greenwood's chain-binomial model.
AB  - Infectious transmission of streptococci in families has been demonstrated to
      follow Greenwood's chain-binomial model in its simplest form which did not need
      beta transformation to correct for differences in susceptibility between
      families. Following the application of this model, an estimate of the risk of
      acquisition of M-typable group A beta-hemolytic streptococci is given (p = 0.05-
      0.06). The risk is the same among siblings of rheumatic fever patients and
      children from non-rheumatic families. This emphasizes that the familial
      aggregation associated with rheumatic fever is not due to increased
      susceptibility of such families to streptococcal infections.

PMID- 371391
TI  - Adult severe combined immunodeficiency and sarcoid-like granulomas with
      hypersplenism.
AB  - A patient presented with lymphopenia, anergy, hypogammaglobulinemia and
      hypersplenism. Histologic examination of the spleen and lymph node revealed
      noncaseating sarcoid-like granulomas. Despite a significant rise in circulating
      lymphocytes after splenectomy there was in vivo and in vitro evidence of B- and T
      lymphocyte dysfunction. A histologic picture mimicking sarcoidosis may occur in
      patients with immune deficiency. The granulomatous proliferation may represent an
      altered host response to antigen.

PMID- 371392
TI  - Paternity exclusion for relatives.

PMID- 371393
TI  - Classics in clinical science: anoxemia in pneumonia and its successful treatment
      by oxygen.

PMID- 371394
TI  - The influence of PEEP on survival of patients in respiratory failure: a
      retrospective analysis.
AB  - Positive end expiratory pressure breathing (PEEP) is used to decrease morbidity
      and mortality in patients who are hypoxemic despite breathing oxygen in
      concentrations potentially toxic to their lungs. We reviewed the hospital course
      of 78 patients whose arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) was less than 70 torr despite
      a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of 1.0. Only 60 per cent of these patients
      were treated with PEEP and their clinical illnesses and severity of
      cardiopulmonary dysfunction were similar to those in patients not treated with
      PEEP. PEEP increased the length of survival from 4.2 to 9.2 days (P less than
      0.05) whereas over-all survival, defined as hospital discharge, was similar at 31
      per cent with and 26 per cent without PEEP. An improvement in PaO2 and decrease
      in shunt fraction following a trial of PEEP portends a favorable outcome, but its
      continued use appears to prolong life for a few days without affecting hospital
      mortality. Survival appears related more to the maintenance of adequate tissue
      oxygenation as manifested by a high mixed venous oxygen than to improved gas
      exchange as reflected by an increase in PaO2.

PMID- 371395
TI  - Renal transplantation for patients with type I and type II membranoproliferative
      glomerulonephritis: serial complement and nephritic factor measurements and the
      problem of recurrence of disease.
AB  - Fourteen patients with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis as their original
      kidney disease received 16 renal allografts. All 14 patients are alive, 11
      currently have functioning allografts, and one graft was lost to recurrence of
      membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Originally depressed serum complement
      (C3) concentrations returned to normal soon after transplantation in those
      patients with no clinical evidence of recurrence. Two patients with type II
      membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis had recurrence of disease. Nephritic
      factor (C3NeF) was high in both these patients before they received their
      transplants and was absent soon thereafter. However, abnormally high levels were
      again detected in their course. The one recurrence of type I
      membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis was associated with depressed C3, Clq,
      C4 and factor B but without C3NeF activity. Despite warnings of "high risks/ and
      "high mortality" associated with renal transplants in patients with
      membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, we, because of these results and a
      review of the literature, continue to recommend renal transplants from both
      living related (LRD) and cadaver (CAD) donors in otherwise suitable patients who
      have renal failure due to membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 371396
TI  - A prospective controlled investigation of prophylactic
      trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in hospitalized granulocytopenic patients.
AB  - Oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ) therapy was investigated in the
      prophylaxis of infections in granulocytopenia. Hospitalized granulocytopenic
      patients were allocated at random to receive TMP/SMZ (group 1) or to a control
      group (group 2). The percentage of febrile granulocytopenic days was
      significantly reduced in group 1, 19 per cent compared to 39 per cent in group 2
      (P less than 0.01). In group 1, there were no bacteremias in 59 episodes of
      granulocytopenia (909 days). In group 2, there were nine bacteremias in 52
      episodes of granulocytopenia (796 days)(P = 0.001). Disseminated candidiasis
      developed in two patients in each group. Candida occurred in similar numbers in
      surveillance cultures in both groups; Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa were slightly decreased, and Enterobacteriaceae resistant to TMP
      slightly increased in group 1. This study suggest that oral prophylactic TMP/SMZ
      therapy is an effective, well tolerated, easily administered alternative to "gut
      sterilization" with nonabsorbable antibiotics.

PMID- 371397
TI  - Splenic function: normal, too much and too little.
AB  - This review is concerned with normal splenic function, mechanisms and
      consequences of splenomegaly, hypersplenism, the medical indications for
      splenectomy and the various aspects of hyposplenism. The potential probelm of
      lethal septicemia in hyposplenic or asplenic patients is also considered.

PMID- 371398
TI  - Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis.
AB  - This report describes the isolation of Cardiobacterium hominis from a patient
      with a history of rheumatic heart disease. Seven blood cultures yielded the
      organism. This investigation includes the case history, significant details of
      the hospital course, and the bacteriological, biochemical, and antimicrobial
      characteristics of Cardiobacterium hominis, integrated with a brief review of the
      literature.

PMID- 371399
TI  - Virology 1976.

PMID- 371400
TI  - Characterization of staphylococci using the API 20E system.
AB  - Fifty-four strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci, five isolates of
      coagulase-positive staphylococci, and seven species of Micrococcus were tested in
      the API 20E system. After 48 hours' incubation, results indicated that the
      various species and subgroups could be separated by their reactions.
      Staphylococcus saphrophyticus subgroup 3 was ONPG and mannitol positive. S.
      epidermidis subgroup 1 was positive for arginine dihydrolase (ADH), whereas S.
      epidermidis subgroup 4 was positive for ADH, mannitol, and arabinose. S. aureus
      coagulase negative was characterized by positive ONPG, ADH, and mannitol. In
      contrast, S. aureus coagulase positive was not positive for ONPG but was positive
      for ADH and mannitol. Most of these staphylococci were able to utilize nitrates,
      urea, glucose, and sucrose. The micrococci, on the other hand, gave varied
      reactions, with most species being only weakly reactive.

PMID- 371401
TI  - New motility medium for nonfermenting bacilli.
AB  - Researchers compared use of a semisolid agar plate to wet mount examinations of
      broth cultures (16 to 18 hours) for the detection of motility of 96 reference and
      clinical strains of gram-negative rods. In this double blind study, 83
      nonfermentative and 13 oxidase-producing, fermentative bacilli were tested by the
      two methods. Overall accuracy of the semisolid agar motility test was 96.8
      percent compared to 89.6 percent for the broth method. Reproducibility of agar
      plate tests using selected reference strains was 100 percent in contrast to 90
      percent for broth examinations. These findings indicate that the semisolid agar
      plate offers a convenient and more accurate method than wet mount examination for
      determining motility of unusual gram-negative bacilli.

PMID- 371402
TI  - Microbiology problem. Group B streptococcal endopthalmitis.

PMID- 371403
TI  - A review of laboratory methods for identification of group B streptococci
      (Streptococcus agalactiae).
AB  - A selected review is presented of the history of Group B streptococcal infections
      and the laboratory tests used to identify Group B streptococcus (Streptococcus
      agalactiae), an opportunistic pathogen which causes serious infections in newborn
      infants and compromised patients in other age groups. Its isolation may be
      increased by growth in a selective medium. The methods for Group B streptococci
      identification include the hydrolysis of sodium hippurate, the CAMP reaction,
      pigment production, and antibiotic disk susceptibility. Also, immunological
      tests, such as Lancefield's classical precipitin test, immunofluorescence
      staining, counterimmunoelectrophoresis, and coagglutination are available.

PMID- 371404
TI  - Microcomputers in the teaching laboratory: a hematology case study.
AB  - The new mass market microcomputers offer an economical means of providing
      individualized instruction to medical technology students. A program that uses
      case studies to familiarize students with the erythrokinetic model for
      classifying anemias is being used to supplement classroom instruction at Minot
      State College, Minot, North Dakota. The program encourages students to apply the
      information they receive in class to solving practical problems in hematology.

PMID- 371405
TI  - Group B streptococcal infections in adult males.
AB  - A 19-month study of group B streptococcal infection was performed to investigate
      the spectrum of such infections in adult males, the relation of serotypes to
      clinical illnesses, the effects of previous antibiotic therapy on infection and
      colonization, and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of these organisms.
      Twenty-four patients had definite or possible infections while 41 patients were
      colonized with group B streptococci. The most frequent infections encountered
      were pneumonia (ten cases) and soft tissue infections (nine cases). Five
      infections (21%) were nosocomial in origin. The most frequent serotypes were Ia
      and II. No correlation of serotype and type of infection was observed. Patients
      receiving previous antibiotic therapy were significantly more likely to be
      colonized than infected with group B streptococci. Penicillin was the antibiotic
      to which these organisms were most susceptible; tetracycline and gentamicin
      showed the least activity.

PMID- 371407
TI  - Books to help children understand death.

PMID- 371406
TI  - Case report. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome in adults: case report and
      review of the literature.
AB  - An adult drug abuser with endocarditis due to a group II Staphylococcus aureus
      developed the staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS). Studies of the
      patient's immune function found cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to be essentially
      normal; thus, previous suggestions that deficient CMI is required in adults who
      develop SSSS seem unfounded. Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy of SSSS and its
      differentiation from drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction are discussed in
      detail.

PMID- 371409
TI  - The macrophage in the development of experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis.
      Studies using tissue culture and electron microscopy.
AB  - The role played by the macrophage in the development of injury in rabbit
      nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN) has been assessed by electron microscopy and
      glomerular culture of renal tissue obtained by several biopsies during the course
      of the disease. These observations have been correlated with the other immune,
      cellular, and biochemical events occurring in the glomerulus, ie, deposition of
      immunoglobulin and complement, proteinuria, polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)
      exudation, fibrin deposition, crescent formation, and renal failure. A biphasic
      macrophage accumulation was detected, corresponding to the heterologous and
      autologous phases of the disease. In the autologous or crescentic phase,
      macrophages accumulated within the glomerular tuft from Day 5; their appearance
      coincided with the accumulation of PMN and development of proteinuria. Fibrin
      deposition in Bowman's space, which commenced on Days 6 and 7, was rapidly
      followed by the migration of macrophages from the glomeruli into Bowman's space.
      Within Bowman's space, macrophages were observed to phagocytose fibrin, transform
      into epithelioid and giant cells, and accumulate to form a substantial proportion
      of the cells forming the crescent. The inflammatory process of PMN exudation,
      macrophage accumulation, fibrin deposition, and crescent formation and the degree
      of renal failure reached a maximum by Days 12 to 14. Thereafter, resolution of
      the inflammatory process occurred so that by Day 40 macrophages had disappeared
      from the glomeruli. However, varying degrees of glomerular damage and renal
      failure persisted, occurring largely as a result of glomerulosclerosis and
      sclerosis of crescents. The tissue culture studies also demonstrated mesangial
      cell proliferation during the inflammatory process but did not show any
      abnormality of epithelial cell activity. This study demonstrates that the
      macrophages participate in NTN by accumulating in damaged glomeruli then
      migrating into Bowman's space (probably in response to fibrin deposition) where
      they undergo granulomatous transformation and accumulate, contributing to
      crescent formation.

PMID- 371408
TI  - Potentiation of schistosome granuloma formation. By lentinan--a T-cell adjuvant.
AB  - Lentinan is a fungal polysaccharide which acts as a T-cell adjuvant. When this
      glucan was administered to thymus-intact mice by intraperitoneal injection,
      conspicuously enlarged lung granulomas formed in response to either Schistosoma
      mansoni or S japonicum eggs or to antigen-coated polyacrylamide beads. Liver
      granulomas in cercaria-induced S mansoni infection were augmented up to eight
      fold in volume. By contrast, nude mice showed a complete absence of
      hypersensitivity granulomas, regardless of whether they received lentinan.
      Lentinan-potentiated granulomas show a distinctive histopathologic picture
      characterized by abundant, large, pale-staining macrophages; reduced and
      redistributed eosinophil populations; and frequent, extensive central necrosis,
      uncommon in unpotentiated schistosome foci. They also differ in their
      distributions of egg antigen and of host immunoglobulins. Optimal lentinan
      effects followed a single 1-mg dose when given to sensitized mice on the day of
      intravenous challenge with S mansoni eggs rather than at the time of
      intraperitoneal sensitization or following challenge. This adjuvant appears to
      act on effector T cells or on macrophages interacting with T cells; its effect on
      macrophages in a latex bead foreign body granuloma was minimal. A number of other
      lentinan-associated systemic effects on parasite and host were noted and
      described, including reduced female schistosome egg output.

PMID- 371410
TI  - The presence and possible role of monocyte infiltration in human chronic
      proliferative glomerulonephritides. Light microscopic, immunofluorescence, and
      histochemical correlations.
AB  - Twenty-seven cases of chronic glomerulonephritis with proliferative pattern (11
      cases of primary mixed IgG-IgM cryoglobulinemia, 8 cases of SLE, and 8 cases of
      primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis) were studied with particular
      attention to the glomerular monocyte infiltration. The latter, detected by means
      of nonspecific esterase technique, was compared with the presence of hyaline
      thrombi and intraluminal immunoglobulin lumps. Monocyte infiltration was heavy
      and almost constant in cryoglobulinemia, less important in SLE, and practically
      absent in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. By means of
      immunofluorescence technique on paraffin embedded material, monocytes are shown
      to contain IgG and IgM, suggesting a phagocytic activity on some types of immune
      complexes. Since monocytes are migrant cells, and therefore easily removable from
      the glomeruli by the bloodstream, it seems that they could be responsible for
      regression of glomerular hypercellularity as reported in some patients with
      cryoglobulinemia showing clinical improvement.

PMID- 371411
TI  - Isolation and tissue localization of type AB2 collagen from normal lung
      parenchyma.
AB  - Type AB2 collagen was isolated from normal lung parenchyma by pepsin extraction
      followed by differential salt extraction. This collagen comigrates with AB2
      collagen isolated from placental membranes when run on 5% polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis; it has an alpha A and alpha B polypeptide chain ratio of 1 : 2
      and a cyanogen bromide peptide profile similar to known AB2 collagen on 7.5%
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This AB2 collagen isolated from lung tissue
      specifically inhibits passive hemagglutination of affinity-purified rabbit
      antibodies to AB2 collagen isolated from amnionic and chorionic membranes. By
      indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, AB2 collagen was found to be widely
      distributed throughout the lung and was found preferentially associated with cell
      surfaces (basement lamina) and basement membranes.

PMID- 371413
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of parathyroid hormone in bovine parathyroid
      glands and human parathyroid adenomas.
AB  - Light and electron microscopic localization of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in human
      and bovine parathyroid tissue has been achieved using an indirect peroxidase
      labeled antibody method. Granular deposition of the reaction product was found
      throughout the chief cell cytoplasm. There was no nuclear staining. At the
      ultrastructural level, parathyroid hormone localized by this method appeared to
      be largely confined to the secretory granules in the cytoplasm of cells.
      Mitochondria and nuclei were free of reaction product. Aggregated sacs of
      granular endoplasmic reticulum were minimally reactive, and Golgi apparatuses did
      not show reaction product.

PMID- 371412
TI  - Immunogenetic aspects of intracerebral skin transplantation in inbred rats.
AB  - This study was undertaken to evaluate the ability of intracerebral skin grafts
      transplanted across different genetic disparities in the major histocompatibility
      complex (RT1) to elicit an immune response in inbred rats, as determined by
      histologic examination and by the ability of the grafts to sensitize the
      recipients to subsequent orthotopic skin grafts. The ability of intracerebral
      skin allografts to sensitize rats to transplantation antigens is related to the
      specific genetic disparity between the graft and the host: sensitization appears
      to occur more consistently across an A region barrier than across a B region
      barrier. Histologic changes of intracerebral graft rejection are more severe in
      rats with two intracerebral grafts than in those with one. The degree of
      histologic change attributable to intracerebral allograft rejection correlates
      with the ability of these grafts to sensitize the recipient. In certain strains
      intracerebral sensitization is accomplished with two grafts but not with one,
      indicating an antigenic dose requirement for intracerebral sensitization.

PMID- 371416
TI  - The use of linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics in the study of renal physiology.
AB  - Classical formulations for the analysis of membrane transport processes, which
      ignored possible interactions between flows of diverse permeant species, often
      led to inconsistencies in the evaluation of permeability coefficients. For water
      flow induced by an osmotic pressure difference this difficulty was resolved by
      Staverman's introduction of the reflection coefficient sigma, a parameter which
      incorporates the interaction between solute and solvent in the course of their
      passage through a membrane. A comprehensive nonequilibrium thermodynamic (NET)
      formalism suitable for many biological systems was provided by Kedem and
      Katchalsky. For an n-flow system each flow is in general dependent on n forces;
      the assumption of Onsager reciprocity, however, reduces the number of independent
      phenomenological coefficients. Although NET is widely applied in the study of
      renal physiology, fundamental theoretical and practical problems remain. Basic
      considerations are the need to control or evaluate the influence of all coupled
      flows and to establish conditions fostering linear dependencies of flows on
      forces. When this is done a transport system may be characterized in terms of
      intrinsic membrane parameters, facilitating the systematic study of the effects
      of drugs, hormones, and various experimental perturbations.

PMID- 371414
TI  - Developmental pathology.

PMID- 371415
TI  - The generation of electric currents in cardiac fibers by Na/Ca exchange.
AB  - The presence of a detectable Ca current during the excitation of a cardiac fiber
      implies that the Ca lost during the resting interval of the duty cycle must also
      be detectable. Ca outward movement appears to be effected by Na/Ca exchange when
      more Na enters than Ca leaves per cycle, thus making the mechanism electrogenic.
      Since Na/Ca exchange can move Ca either inward or outward depending on the
      direction of the electrochemical gradient for Na, a potential exists where there
      is no electric current generated by the Na/Ca exchange mechanism, i.e., a
      reversal potential ER. Cardiac fibers appear to have a reversal potential that is
      about midway between their resting membrane potential and their plateau. Carrier
      currents both inward and outward are therefore generated during cardiac action
      potentials. The implications of the conditions stated above are explored.

PMID- 371417
TI  - Relation of ventricular repolarization to electrocardiographic T wave-form and
      arrhythmia vulnerability.
AB  - The normal sequence of ventricular recovery proceeds from epicardium to
      endocardium, but on the epicardium the pattern of ventricular recovery is similar
      to the pattern of activation. Data concerning ventricular repolarization have
      been obtained from analyses of electrocardiographic recordings, suction potential
      recordings, a limited number of recordings of transmembrane action potentials,
      and from measurements of refractory periods. Normal ventricular repolarization
      has now been characterized in sufficient detail that it can be used with
      theoretic models to derive T waves with forms that correspond closely to recorded
      T waves. These models provide insights concerning the body surface manifestations
      of the electrophysiologic events of ventricular repolarization and should
      contribute to a more physiologic approach to interpreting T wave abnormalities in
      clinical electrocardiograms. A relationship between inhomogeneity of ventricular
      refractory period duration and arrhythmia vulnerability has also been documented.
      Because inhomogeneity of ventricular repolarization is a factor in both T wave
      form and arrhythmia vulnerability, methods of analysis of the T wave for
      determining patients at risk of developing arrhythmias should be possible. One
      such analysis is presented. The method has been tested on experimental animals
      before and after interventions designed to increase arrhythmia vulnerability and
      in a limited number of patient studies. The results to date are encouraging and
      suggest that in the future electrocardiographic examination will be used as a
      prognostic tool in addition to its already established diagnostic function.

PMID- 371418
TI  - An explanation of impaired solute mixing in extracellular fluid after hemorrhagic
      hypotension.
AB  - A theory is presented suggesting that the slowed rate of solute dispersion in the
      extracellular fluid (ECF) space during or after hemorrhagic shock is largely due
      to a depressed cardiac output, and that mixing may be improved by any fluid
      therapy that decreases the mean recirculation time for the solute. This theory
      was tested by comparing solute mixing rates after treatment of shocked
      anesthetized dogs with either protein-free Ringer solution with Ringer solution
      containing 5% albumin. The rate of mixing was determined by computer analysis of
      the disappearance of an ECF tracer from plasma. Compared with Ringer-treated
      dogs, the albumin-treated group had a faster rate of tracer equilibration, larger
      cardiac plasma output, and smaller, approximately normal ECF volume. It was
      concluded that the abnormal dispersion of solute within the ECF space seen during
      or after hypotension can be corrected simply by restoring the cardiac output, and
      that albumin-containing fluid may be more effective in this regard than
      crystalloid solution alone.

PMID- 371419
TI  - Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenia: a review of the data.
AB  - The authors review studies of platelet and white cell monoamine oxidase (MAO)
      activity in schizophrenic patients. The data on acute schizophrenic patients
      remain inconclusive. Review of 26 reports of chronic schizophrenic patients
      leaves little doubt, however, that there is a subgroup in which the enzyme
      activity is decreased. Despite the strong association of decreased MAO activity
      and chronic schizophrenia, the etiological relationship of low platelet MAO
      activity to schizophrenia has not been demonstrated. More complete diagnostic
      descriptions will shed light on precisely which patients have lowered MAO
      activity. Further metabolic investigations with such patients are needed to
      determine the physiological significance of this phenomenon.

PMID- 371420
TI  - Medicaid audit: crisis in confidentiality and the patient-psychiatrist
      relationship.
AB  - The authors describe their experience with a routine Medicaid audit and discuss
      the damage such a procedure can do to the trust between psychiatrists and
      patients, confidentiality, doctors' reputations, transference reactions, and
      patients' own emotional states. The authors point out that these crucial issues
      have broad implications because of the possibility of passage of national health
      insurance legislation.

PMID- 371421
TI  - The efficacy of drugs and psychotherapy in the treatment of acute depressive
      episodes.
AB  - The efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants and various psychotherapies, in
      comparison with one another or in combination, has not been fully established in
      randomized clinical trials. The authors present a randomized controlled trial
      comparing the combination of amitriptyline and short-term interpersonal
      psychotherapy, either treatment alone, and nonscheduled supportive psychotherapy
      in ambulatory patients with acute depression. They found that pharmacotherapy and
      psychotherapy alone were equally efficacious and better than nonscheduled
      treatment. The combination treatment of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy was
      more effective than either treatment alone and delayed the onset of symptomatic
      failure.

PMID- 371422
TI  - On the hazards of smoking: statement from 1836.

PMID- 371423
TI  - Early experiences in organ homotransplantation in man and the unexpected sequelae
      thereof.

PMID- 371424
TI  - Intravascular migratory bullets.
AB  - The estimated course of a penetrating missile provides some clues to planning
      intraoperative priorities and management. However, missiles which become
      intravascular emboli present diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. Twenty-eight
      patients have been seen with bullet emboli. Five patients had emboli to the
      lungs, two of which were removed. Two large bullets embolized from a right heart
      injury down the inferior vena cava, one to a hepatic vein and one to the right
      renal vein. Fourteen patients had arterial bullet emboli, four originating in the
      heart, four in the thoracic aorta, and six in the abdominal aorta. Two patients
      died, one of cerebral infarction secondary to bullet embolus to the right carotid
      artery and one of an unrecognized traumatic intracardiac defect. Complications
      were secondary to associated injuries rather than a result of removal of bullet
      emboli.

PMID- 371425
TI  - Surgical versus medical treatment of coronary artery disease. Nine year follow-up
      of 9,061 patients.

PMID- 371426
TI  - Bowen's disease of the anal and perianal area. A report and analysis of twelve
      cases.
AB  - Retrospective evaluation of twelve patients treated at the Cleveland Clinic for
      perianal Bowen's disease showed that these patients can be cured by wide local
      excision with skin grafting when necessary. No recurrence or metastasis was found
      during the follow-up period when the systematic technic was used. Only involved
      anal mucosa was removed, and normal mucosa was preserved; this aids in
      controlling anal continence. The margins of the resected skin must be subjected
      to frozen section study to be sure that total excision has been achieved. In this
      study a diagnosis of perianal Bowen's disease was made incidentally in six of the
      twelve patients during histologic examination of anorectal tissue removed for
      other reasons. Seven of the twelve either had had a systemic or cutaneous cancer
      previously or another systemic or cutaneous cancer subsequently developed,
      indicating the high association between Bowen's disease and other cancers.
      Therefore, it is important that all excised skin from anal or perianal operations
      be submitted for histologic examination, and if the diagnosis is Bowen's disease,
      the lesion must be completely removed using wide local excision. These patients
      should be evaluated and followed up because other malignancies may be present or
      evolve at a later time.

PMID- 371427
TI  - A secure method of repair of large ventral hernias with Marlex mesh to eliminate
      tension.
AB  - The use of Marlex mesh to bridge abdominal fascial defects is well known.
      However, its use in reinforcing securely the repair of a minority of ventral
      hernias which can be approximated, only under considerable tension, is described.

PMID- 371428
TI  - Urolithiasis from stapler anastomosis.
AB  - The simplicity of operation and versatility and speed of automatic stapling
      devices in the creation of ileal loops have been amply documented. Three cases of
      stone formation in the ileal loop, secondary to encrustation about the staples,
      are reported herein, and the modification to the surgical technic which would
      obviate this problem is presented.

PMID- 371429
TI  - Master surgeon, teacher, soldier, and friend: Elliott Carr Cutler, MD (1888-
      1947).

PMID- 371430
TI  - The fate of exposed bone.
AB  - Exposed bone, even in conjunction with a fracture, will cover spontaneously with
      granulation tissue followed by epithelium, or will sequestrate and then cover,
      providing there is adequate circulation at the wound site. The healing process is
      lengthy but need not interfere with the reestablishment of function of the
      wounded part. The method requires surgical restraint but has a high success rate
      and avoids the risks and failures of complicated skin transfer methods.

PMID- 371431
TI  - [Experience with the bisekurin treatment of genital endometriosis].

PMID- 371432
TI  - [Experience with the use of a mechanical suture in supravaginal amputation of the
      uterus].

PMID- 371433
TI  - [Effect of bromcryptin on the level of gonadotropic hormones in patients with
      secondary amenorrhea].

PMID- 371434
TI  - [Pharmacology of the new steroid contraceptives].

PMID- 371435
TI  - [Method of increasing the reliability of the sutures in the surgical treatment of
      vesico- and rectovaginal fistulae].

PMID- 371436
TI  - The roots and the fruits of the medical tree.

PMID- 371437
TI  - Archival processing: the papers of Senator Lister Hill.

PMID- 371438
TI  - In memoriam to a friend (Walter Benedict Frommeyer, Jr.).

PMID- 371439
TI  - Current status of renal transplantation in Alabama and the role of the Alabama
      Organ Bank.

PMID- 371440
TI  - The Montezuma University Medical College.

PMID- 371443
TI  - Goals: abstinence or controlled drinking?

PMID- 371442
TI  - Differential craniometry suggests European Pelasgians founded Egyptian, Chinese
      Japanese, and Carib-Andean civilizations.

PMID- 371441
TI  - The effects of Listerine antiseptic on dental plaque.

PMID- 371444
TI  - The role of acetaldehyde in mediating reactivity to an acute dose of ethanol
      among different racial groups.
AB  - Physiologic changes after ingestion of alcohol were monitored in Chinese and
      white volunteers, and absorption rate, acetaldehyde concentration, facial
      flushing, and heart rate increases were correlated.

PMID- 371445
TI  - Young alcoholics in treatment: their characteristics and recovery rates at follow
      up.
AB  - Reporting data on characteristics of young alcoholics, treatment and recovery,
      and comparisons made with older alcoholics in similar treatment, this study
      indicates the differences and similarities, as well as pointing up the need to
      investigate the types of treatment most needed in this section of the population.

PMID- 371446
TI  - Changes in the metabolism of biogenic amines in alcoholism--especially regarding
      CSF monoamine metabolites and serum DBH activity.
AB  - Concentrations of the major metabolites of biogenic amines in cerebrospinal fluid
      and activity of serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in abstinent alcoholics were
      measured, suggesting that withdrawal symptoms of alcoholics were based on the
      abnormality of serotonin and dopamine metabolism in the body.

PMID- 371447
TI  - Alcohol and coronary arteries.
AB  - The relationship between alcohol intake and the extent of coronary artery
      occlusion was studied and indicated that the patients who abstained or consumed
      less than 1 oz of alcohol weekly had significantly higher occlusion scores than
      those imbibing moderate amounts.

PMID- 371448
TI  - Drinking behavior, remission, and relapse: the Rand Report revisited.
AB  - Utilizing the Armor, Polich, and Stambul 1976 criteria, the clinical course of
      patients from 26 treatment programs was studied, with relapse analyses differing
      from the data reported by Armor et al. The overall rate of remission at 6 mo
      follow-up was considerably lower (54%) in this study. The data suggest that those
      alcoholics who chose to reduce their drinking, as an option, experienced a
      substantial risk of relapse.

PMID- 371449
TI  - Alcohol use, myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and hypertension.
AB  - Studying coronary risk factors, this article concludes that: regular use of
      alcohol may protect against major coronary events; regular use of three or more
      drinks daily is a probable risk factor for hypertension; the relations of alcohol
      use to coronary disease, hypertension, and cardiomyopathy are disparate.

PMID- 371450
TI  - Varied cardiac abnormalities in alcoholics.
AB  - The toxic effects of acute or chronic use of alcohol on cerebral and hepatic
      function have long been recognized, but it has been thought that the heart was
      not similarly affected. This study reexamines this traditional thought and
      indicates that ethyl alcohol may have chronic toxic effects on the cardiovascular
      system.

PMID- 371451
TI  - Alterations in phospholipid composition in ethanol tolerance and dependence.
AB  - Mammalian cells may retain a limited capacity to alter membrane phospholipid
      fatty acid composition. This may play a role in adaptation to the presence of
      ethanol (cellular tolerance) and in the response to the removal of ethanol and
      the withdrawal syndrome.

PMID- 371452
TI  - Cross-tolerance to effect of ethanol and temperature in Aplysia: preliminary
      observations.
AB  - Reporting an unexpected finding, this article suggests a bidirectional cross
      tolerance between ethanol-tolerant and temperature-adapted preparations may be a
      widespread phenomenon. Further investigation of these findings may provide useful
      insight into the nature of the specific membrane changes in alcohol tolerance.

PMID- 371453
TI  - Effect of ethanol on membranes: a fluorescent probe study.
AB  - Using fluorescence techniques to study changes in membrane structure as a
      function of ethanol concentration and alcoholism, it was found that ethanol
      primarily affects probes located at the membrane-water interface. Changes in the
      lipid composition of membranes during alcoholism were detected by fluorescent
      probes that partition into the hydrophobic interior of the membrane.

PMID- 371454
TI  - Developmental level and prognosis in alcoholics.
AB  - An index of developmental level of functioning, derived from the Rorschach, was
      compared with several other prognostic measures to predict treatment outcome.

PMID- 371455
TI  - Alcoholic liver damage is provoked by 4-methylpyrazole, which prolongs the
      influence of ethanol but reduces acetaldehyde levels.
AB  - Rats chronically fed ethanol developed liver injury only if they also received
      low doses of the alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, 4-methylpyrazole, suggesting
      that the consistency of the influence of ethanol and its metabolism, rather than
      the level of acetaldehyde or the degree of the metabolic effects, contributes to
      the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver damage.

PMID- 371457
TI  - Veterans Administration increased effort in the study of etiology of alcoholism.

PMID- 371456
TI  - Central pontine myelinolysis.
AB  - A patient is reported whose ailment meets the criteria of CPM. The illness was
      complicated by pneumonitis, most likely of the aspiration type. Of particular
      interest was the reversibility of a clinical picture of marked deterioration when
      attention was paid to fluid and electrolyte balance and maintenance of
      respiration. This patient's illness appears to meet the criteria of CPM, namely
      impairment of the facial muscles and tongue with dysphagia and dysarthria,
      flaccid quadriparesis or quadriplegia, and frequently, lack of response to
      painful stimuli followed by respiratory paralysis. The presence of peripheral
      neuropathy has been previously noted in a patient with CPM, but it is not an
      integral part of the disease.

PMID- 371458
TI  - Alcohol and pregnancy.

PMID- 371459
TI  - [Effects of the composition of the culture media on in vitro cellular metabolism
      of the rat].

PMID- 371460
TI  - Amniotic fluid embolism.
AB  - The statement that amniotic fluid embolism is the most dangerous and untreatable
      condition in obstetrics appears to be true. It must be suspected in any patient
      who collapses or bleeds excessively during labour or the immediate post-partum
      period. Attempts should be made to secure a definitive diagnosis in life by
      examination of blood obtained from the right side of the heart and the sputum for
      elements of amniotic fluid. Lung scanning is a useful aid to diagnosis. The
      principal factors that have been implicated in the clinical syndrome of amniotic
      fluid embolism are anaphylaxis, vascular obstruction by particulate matter,
      vascular spasm due to prostaglandins and possibly some other vasoactive
      substances, and the possibility that all the changes could be explained by
      disseminated intravascular coagulation as a primary event. Further work is
      required to elucidate the relative contributions of these various factors. Due to
      the suddeness of the catastrophe and the very high mortality, haemodynamic data
      in humans is virtually non-existent. With improved methods of resuscitation it is
      to be hoped that the mortality rate will be reduced and that such data will
      become available. In this way it might become possible to apply the results of
      animal research and indicate the most effective method of treatment.

PMID- 371461
TI  - Determination of cytokinins by mass spectrometry based on stable isotope
      dilution.

PMID- 371462
TI  - A method to identify individual proteins in four different two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis systems: application to Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins.

PMID- 371463
TI  - Size determination of enzymes by radiation inactivation.

PMID- 371464
TI  - A tracking marker for the second dimension of the two dimensional gel
      electrophoresis of ribosomal proteins.

PMID- 371465
TI  - Nitrocellulose filter binding: quantitation of the histidyl-tRNA-ATP
      phosphoribosyltransferase complex.

PMID- 371466
TI  - [Louis Amiot].

PMID- 371467
TI  - [Hemodynamic effects of alfathesine in patients with an indwelling pacemaker].

PMID- 371469
TI  - Episodic hypertension caused by recurrent renal artery lesions following
      transplantation: a case report.
AB  - A kidney transplant patient developed recurrent hypertension on two successive
      occasions associated with lesions of the renal artery. The first episode of
      hypertension was caused by renal artery stenosis and was surgically corrected;
      the second was caused by a sizable pseudoaneurysm at the site of arterial
      anastomosis which was resected, and arterial continuity was successfully re
      established.

PMID- 371468
TI  - [Cardiovascular effects of alfethesine].

PMID- 371470
TI  - Wells and Osborne revisited: immune tolerance.

PMID- 371471
TI  - Samuel J. Prigal, M.D. 1905--1978.

PMID- 371472
TI  - ANA selects first recipient of Creative Nursing Award (Vivian Meehan).

PMID- 371473
TI  - Nursing director reinstated in 'primary care' dispute (Janet Specht).

PMID- 371474
TI  - The broken wire suture.
AB  - The body is a hostile environment for wire sutures. Although the problems of
      electrochemical corrosion, direct chemical attack on the suture, and inflammation
      produced in reaction to the suture have been largley eliminated by the use of
      austenitic stainless steel wires, failure of the wires may still occur due to
      mechano-chemical cracking -- the combined effect of insignificant stresses,
      usually from cold working, and insignificant chemical potentials produced by body
      fluids. Although stainless steel wire remains a satisfactory material for
      sternotomy closure or for reattaching costal cartilages, the two spectacular
      complications of a broken wire point out the need for care in using wire sutures.
      Bending, twisting, kinking and knotting must be avoided as much as possible.

PMID- 371475
TI  - [Familial infantile cortical hyperostosis (author's transl)].
AB  - A new case of familial Caffey's disease is referred with focused clinic,
      radiologic and anatopathologic aspects. The hereditary patterns may obey a
      autosomic dominant one, with variable penetrance and expressivity. Thus a
      improved familial research is necessary in all the infantile cortical
      hyperostosis cases.

PMID- 371476
TI  - Laetrile: end play around the FDA. A review of legal developments.
AB  - We consider here some of the legal and political background behind today's
      laetrile controversy. First, we provide a brief historical review of our present
      food and drug legislation and discuss details of these laws with respect to
      attempts by laetrile's backers to use the courts in the legalization of this
      compound. We analyze one case, Rutherford v. United States, that was won in the
      lower courts by the advocates of laetrile and conclude that the courts may have
      allowed emotionalism to interfere with the process of rational decision-making.
      On a larger scale, this emotionalism manifests itself as political pressure that
      may bring about changes in our food and drug legislation. These changes could
      loosen restrictions on the effectiveness requirement and result in the sacrifice
      of consumer protection in favor of making available more drugs, some of them
      ineffective, from which the patient may choose for treatment.

PMID- 371477
TI  - [Etiology, clinical features and course of spinal extradural hematoma].

PMID- 371478
TI  - [Budd-Chiari syndrome caused by thrombosis of the inferior vena cava due to
      catheter migration and membranous stenosis].

PMID- 371479
TI  - A model for plasmid maintenance of bacteriophage P1.
AB  - Studies of the stability of P1 plasmid in a P1 cry Escherichia coli lysogen have
      suggested a model for equipartition of plasmid copies. Equipartition might be
      controlled by the detachment of P1 copies after replication, followed by their
      reattachment to membrane sites, in coordination with bacterial division.

PMID- 371480
TI  - [Investigation of the immunity status towards tetanus of a population of
      mechanics at the car-factory "Renault" (author's transl)].
AB  - Tetanus immunity has been studied in a population of mechanics working at the car
      factory "Renault". For the study, 283 individuals were divided into 3 groups. The
      first group consisted of non-vaccined individuals, the second of vaccinated
      individuals and the third of individuals who had been boostered. The influence of
      different parameters on tetanus immunity status was considered, i. e. the age of
      the subjects, the time at which boostering was given, the serotherapy (when it
      was administered) and the contact with machine lubricating and cooling fluids.
      Clostridium tetani bacilli and spores were frequently found in aqueous machine
      fluids. Their presence is a potential hazard for non-vaccinated mechanics coming
      to contact with the fluids. Tetanus antibody levels in the sera of the tested
      population were determined in vivo by the toxin neutralization test. The
      influence on tetanus immunity of the different parameters considered in this
      paper was subjected to statistical analysis. From the whole population, 27% of
      the individuals were found to have no protection against tetanus. When age was
      taken into account, 53% of the individuals over 45 years old and 10% of those
      under 45 years old were shown to be devoid of tetanus immunity. It could be shown
      that younger individuals were better protected than older ones, because the
      formers had been immunized with adsorbed tetanus toxoid and most of the latters
      with fluid toxoid. Of the individuals in the third group who had received a
      booster injection within 15 years after primo-vaccination, 98% showed protective
      tetanus antibody levels in their sera in contrast to 25% when boostering had
      occurred more than 15 years after primo-vaccination. Contact with machine fluids
      was found to influence the degree of immunity of only those individuals whose
      boostering dated back to more than 25 years. Unexpectedly, 3 mechanics seemed to
      develop immunity after coming into contact with machine fluids. From the results
      reported here, it is concluded that tetanus immunity in vaccinated individuals
      should be renewed by a compulsory booster injection given every 5, 10 or, at the
      minimum, 15 years. Moreover, high-risk  populations such as that represented by
      the mechanics should be immunized or boostered on commencing employment.

PMID- 371481
TI  - [A new culture medium for growth and sporulation of Entomophthorales species,
      pathogens of aphids (author's transl)].
AB  - No one of the 3 specific egg yolk fractions (neutral lipids, polar lipids and
      proteins) was necessary for growth and sporulation of species such as
      Entomophthora aphidis, E. phalloides and E. thaxteriana, normally grown on egg
      yolk media. Egg yolk could be replaced by a sunflower oil-yeast extract mixture.
      E. thaxteriana was especially well studied. Various animal and vegetable fats and
      even chemically pure triglycerides could replace sunflower oil as a carbon
      source. Yeast extract was the best nitrogen source tested. In liquid culture,
      sporulation was directly dependent on yeast extract concentration. When yeast
      extract concentration was held constant, an increase in oil concentration did not
      produce an increase in sporulation. High dextrose concentrations inhibited
      resting spore formation. Liquid cultures of E. thaxteriana regularly produced 3 x
      10(6) azygospores/ml in a 20 l fermentor.

PMID- 371482
TI  - Death: historical evolution and implication of the concept.

PMID- 371483
TI  - The problem of brain death: development and history.

PMID- 371484
TI  - [Hormonal status in cases of isolated precocious thelarche].

PMID- 371485
TI  - [Pregnancy and labor in patients with previous renal transplant: report of 2
      cases].

PMID- 371486
TI  - [Hypophyseal response to the administration of LH-RH based on the plasma level of
      estradiol in normal women and patients with amenorrhea].

PMID- 371487
TI  - [Radical resection by combined cranio-facial method for invasive neoplasm of the
      maxillary sinus. Surgical and tomodensitometric aspects].

PMID- 371488
TI  - [Immune therapy trial with Corynebacterium in patients with E.N.T. cancer. (Code
      name of the trial: "Reticulo-stimuline")].

PMID- 371489
TI  - Early years of laryngology in the Boston area.

PMID- 371491
TI  - Contributions of Philadelphia to early laryngology.

PMID- 371490
TI  - Men and institutions--New York 1878.

PMID- 371492
TI  - Early laryngology in the South.

PMID- 371493
TI  - History of laryngology in early Chicago and Rush Medical College.

PMID- 371494
TI  - Laryngology in the Far West.

PMID- 371496
TI  - Aesthetic aspects of reconstructive surgery.

PMID- 371495
TI  - [Immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase: a comparison for sensitivity in
      cutaneous immunopathology (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparative study of the sensitivities of the immunofluorescence (IF) and
      immunoperoxydase (IPo) techniques was undertaken. The material used was biopsies
      of various skin lesions and especially pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid, lupus
      erythematosus and dermatitis herpetiformis. Direct and indirect methods were
      performed for the detection of fixed immunoglobulins and complement deposits.
      With large deposits, immunoperoxydase and immunofluorescence show an equal
      sensibility and the labeling obtained with IPo is never more intensive than the
      labeling obtained with IF. In contrast, with small deposits, IPo was less
      sensitive than IF and appears negative in the majority of the cases and
      especially in dermatitis herpetiformis. These results are confirmed in using
      increasing dilutions of conjugates and can be explained by the difficulty in
      doing the observation of small positive deposits with IPo.

PMID- 371497
TI  - An historical account of the development of the calibrated dermatome.

PMID- 371498
TI  - Versatility of lumbar transposition flaps in the closure of meningomyelocele skin
      defects.
AB  - A simple method for repair of skin defects after neurosurgical ablation of
      meningomyelocele is described. One or two skin flaps adjoining the defect are
      elevated, the right based superiorly and the left inferiorly. They are then
      transposed to cover the dural repair, and the donor site is repaired by a split
      thickness skin graft. The ability of these flaps to close defects of all sizes is
      stressed.

PMID- 371499
TI  - Cryptotia: its surgical correction.

PMID- 371500
TI  - Bovie: the man and the machine.
AB  - The origins of electrosurgery are presented and recognition given to one of its
      forgotten pioneers, William T. Bovie. Though not a physician, Bovie contributed
      greatly to patient care.

PMID- 371501
TI  - Sir Archibald McIndoe, C.B.E., F.R.C.S.

PMID- 371502
TI  - Nutritional importance of colostrum in the piglet.
AB  - Suckling of colostrum by piglets is very important in order to improve the
      survival rate. Colostrum provides maternal antibodies, energy and protein.
      Rearing piglets suckling an artificial milk of a similar chemical composition to
      that of sow's milk failed when the animals were housed in conventional conditions
      although numerous research workers succeeded in rearing 90% of animals delivered
      and fed in sterile conditions. Studies on the chemical analysis of colostrum
      showed a high dry matter content (30-40% higher than that of milk) in particular
      a high protein level (twice that of milk). The high proportion of globulins, i.e.
      38% during farrowing, drops to 12% of the protein 4 days later; conversely the
      casein content rather low at birth doubles over the same period. Colostrum
      proteins are not used to proved energetic nutrients; some of them are absorbed
      without hydrolysis and have a special physiological role. The transmission of
      maternal immunity by gamma globulins is well known; lactotransferrin plays an
      important role as a transporter and a bacteriostatic factor. Enzymatic proteins
      such as lyzozyme govern the metabolism of glycoproteins. Hydrolyzed albumins,
      casein and proteose-peptone fraction provide the essential amino acids for de
      novo protein synthesis. The fat content is relatively low during the first 24
      hours and increases threefold in the 4 days after farrowing. It provides the
      majority of the energy required by the young animal. A high proportion of some
      fatty acids, mostly oleic and linoleic acids, are used preferentially as sources
      of energy. Other components, including enzymes of the mammary cells, were found,
      but their particular role has not been explained. Colostrum contains in addition
      numerous vitamins (vitamins A and E) and some particular trace elements (iodine
      and selenium), and their transfer from the maternal diet to the young is
      particularity efficient by colostrum suckling. The nutritional role of those
      nutrients is important and their levels could affect the survival rate of the
      piglets. Hypotheses concerning the digestion and absorption of nutrients and
      antibodies are summarized, and finally, recommendations are made for further
      research and for the minimum amount of colostrum required by each piglet for
      survival and efficient postnatal growth to be assessed.

PMID- 371503
TI  - Physiology of colostrum production.
AB  - The mammary gland growth--appearance of a lobulo-alveolar structure--, the
      secretion of colostrum and lactogenesis occur when precise endocrine equilibrium
      take place during gestation and lactation in the cow and the sow. The formation
      of alveoli requires hormonal sequences including first, ovarian and
      foetoplacental hormones--estrogens and progesterone--and, then, antepituitary-
      prolactin--and adrenal--corticoids--hormones. These sequences appear during
      pregnancy and lead to a near complete development of the mammary gland at
      parturition in the cow and the sow. Administrations of ovarian steroids which
      produce the same variations of levels of these hormones in plasma as during the
      pregnancy allow the lobulo-alveolar structure to develop in the non pregnant
      dried cow. The synthesis of specific products of milk--casseins and lactose-
      remains low throughout pregnancy and then increase sharply after calving or
      farrowing. Around parturition, the secretion of colostrum takes place when plasma
      levels of progesterone drop very fast and those of estrogens increase and are at
      the highest level observed during gestation. A few hours later, the plasma levels
      of prolactin and corticoids increase significantly. The colostrum secretion, the
      appearance of high affinity IgG1 receptors and the specific uptake of IgG1 in
      maternal serum coincide with a complicated hormonal environment in which a lower
      progesteronemia and a higher prolactinemia seem to play a major role. Estrogens-
      especially 17 beta-estradiol--are required for the apperance of new epithelial
      mammary cells which acquire specific binding sites for IgG1 later. After
      injections of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone to non pregnant, dried cows, the
      IgG1 secretion takes place when the plasma levels of these steroids decrease. On
      the other hand, the secretion of colostrum is the same as in a normal parturition
      when calving is induced by dexamethasone or dexamethasone + estradiol benzoate
      injections. After parturition, there is a lower uptake of proteins from the serum
      when prolactin and corticoids induce the onset of copious mileticulum, of the
      Golgi apparatus, of mitochondria and of the appearance of a polarized structure
      which depress the possibilities of migration of proteins from the serum through
      the cell.

PMID- 371504
TI  - Review of nonspecific antimicrobial factors in colostrum.

PMID- 371505
TI  - The immune requirements of the newborn pig and calf.

PMID- 371506
TI  - Use of polyvalent cow colostrum in the prevention of enteric infections in calves
      and piglets.
AB  - Colostrum of cows immunized with a polyvalent vaccine against enteropathogenic
      strains of Escherichia coli gave good protection to piglets and calves against
      enteric coli infections. Bovine immunoglobulin (IgG1) and its precipitable
      fragments persisted in the small intestine of piglets for 6 hours after oral
      administration. The proteolytic breakdown of porcine colostral IgG2, which occurs
      predominantly in the small intestine proceeded at a higher rate than that of
      heterologous bovine colostral IgG1. Colostrum of cows immunized with
      transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus by intramammary administration
      protected newborn piglets from virulent TGE virus on oral administration. The
      prevention of enteric coli infections in suckling piglets and calves in
      Czechoslovakia is based on vaccination of pregnant cows and sows and on
      additional passive protection of weanlings by oral administration of dried or
      liquid immune colostrum or serum of cows vaccinated with polyvalent vaccines
      prepared from enteropathogenic strains of E. Coli.

PMID- 371507
TI  - The distribution of immunoglobulins in the intestine of the neonatal calf.
AB  - The distribution of immunoglobulins G, M and A in the small intestine of
      colostrum fed calves was monitored using immunofluorescent techniques. Colostral
      immunoglobulins were located in villous region of the small intestine where they
      were found either in the lamina propria, in the epithelial cells or on the
      mucosal surface of the epithelial cells. The distribution varied according to the
      age of calf examined. In very young calves, the villous epithelial cells were
      seen to be absorbing immunoglobulin of all 3 classes, whereas in 4 day old
      calves, the epithelial cells were generally devoid of immunoglobulin. In
      unsuckled calves, the intestinal immunoglobulins were synthesised in the Peyers
      patches and crypt region of the mucosa of the small intestine and immunoglobulin
      was found in the crypt epithelial cells and in plasma cells in the surrounding
      lamina propria.

PMID- 371508
TI  - Specific protection by colostrum from cows vaccinated with the K 99 antigen in
      newborn calves experimentally infected with E. coli Ent+ K99+.
AB  - We have measured the protective effect of colostrum of vaccinated cows with the
      K99 antigen comparatively with the colostrum of non vaccinated cows, in calves
      receiving at birth 2 liters of colostrum and just after 5 times 10(10) to 1 times
      10(11) E. coli Ent+, K99+. The K99 antigen was prepared from E coli B41
      (0101:K99:H-) cultured in a fermentor. Cows were vaccinated subcutaneously with
      100 mg or 300 mg (wet weight) in emulsion in Freund uncomplete adjuvant 45 and 15
      days before parturition. Of 4 calves receiving a colostrum of non vaccinated cows
      4 had a diarrhoea, 3 became dehydrated and 2 died. Of 6 calves receiving
      colostrum of vaccinated cows, 5 were healthy and the 6th calf had a mild
      diarrhoea for few hours and became again healthy. Control and protected calves
      excreted E. coli K99+, 24 HOURS AFTER INFECTION. The protection is probably due
      to K99 antibodies which inhibit adhesion of E. coli K99+ to the intestinal
      epithelium.

PMID- 371509
TI  - [Primary repair of mixed nerve trunk injuries (author's transl)].

PMID- 371510
TI  - [The "skin kite flap" (author's transl)].

PMID- 371511
TI  - [Flexor tendon repairs in zone 2 (author's transl)].

PMID- 371512
TI  - [Digital island flap with its vasculo-nervous pedicle].

PMID- 371513
TI  - [Coarctation of the abdominal aorta associated with dysplasia of both renal
      arteries treated by bypass, them by bilateral renal autotransplantation].

PMID- 371515
TI  - [The place of microsurgery in the present time and in the future].

PMID- 371514
TI  - [The technic of "trachealisation" of the left main bronchus (author's transl)].

PMID- 371517
TI  - [Has yet Gillies procedure by post nasal skin graft inlay with endo nasal
      prosthesis any indication? (author's transl)].

PMID- 371516
TI  - [About six pediculated free rib grafts in complexe mandibular reconstruction with
      intercosto-facial micro-anastomosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 371518
TI  - [Inflammation and resistance of mice infected by "Candida albicans" (author's
      transl)].
AB  - An inflammatory reaction induced by the subcutaneous injection of talc embedded
      in a gel calcium phosphate increased resistance of mice challenged intravenously
      with Candida albicans. The relationship between the absolute number of
      polymorphonuclear phagocytes in the blood and this protective effect seems to
      indicate a major role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes following inflammation.

PMID- 371519
TI  - Multiple sclerosis in the Faroe Islands: I. Clinical and epidemiological
      features.
AB  - Intensive search over the past five years for all cases of multiple sclerosis
      (MS) on the Faroe Island since about 1920 has revealed 25 cases among native-born
      resident Faroese up to 1977. All but 1 patient had clinical onset of MS between
      1943 and 1960; 1 case began in 1970. Four cases of MS in Faroese with prolonged
      foreign residence and 5 among Danish-born Faroese were excluded. The 24 included
      cases with onset between 1943 and 1960 meet all criteria for a point-source
      epidemic. The median year of onset was 1949. The cumulative risk of MS for
      Faroese in 1940 was 8.7 per 10,000. All 14 early-onset cases (1943 to 1949) were
      in patients 11 to 45 years old in 1940; all but 2 late-onset cases (1952 to 1960)
      were in persons aged up to 10 years old in 1940. British troops occupied the
      Faroese in large numbers for five years beginning in April, 1940. During the war,
      all but 3 patients resided in locations where the troops were stationed, and
      these 3 also had direct contact with the British. We conclude that there was an
      epidemic of MS on the Faroes and that the disease was probably introduced by the
      British troops (or their baggage). If so, then MS on the Faroes is a
      transmissible disease, most likely infectious; but only about 1 in 500 of the
      exposed individuals were clinically affected.

PMID- 371521
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in France: I. Retrospective study of the Paris area
      during the ten-year period 1968-1977.
AB  - A systematic search for cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease occurring in the ten
      year period 1968 through 1977 was conducted in the city of Paris and surrounding
      departments which comprise the greater Paris area. Fifty-six cases were found
      among the total population of approximately 10 million inhabitants, with a
      maximum incidence of 1.1 cases per year per million people in the densely
      populated city of Paris and a progressively lower incidence in the less heavily
      populated suburban and rural areas of the region. There was no temporal or
      geographic clustering of disease. Attention is drawn to the often rapid onset and
      short duration of illness (nearly two-thirds of the patients died within five
      months of onset) and the frequent early occurrence of symptoms such as asthenia,
      diaphoresis, and disturbances of sleep and appetite.

PMID- 371520
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: patterns of worldwide occurrence and the significance
      of familial and sporadic clustering.
AB  - The worldwide epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is presented from
      an analysis of 1,435 patients. In the United States, the average annual mortality
      rate is at least 0.26 deaths per million. Temporal-spatial clustering of cases
      was not found in the United States, but reports from other countries indicate
      that such clustering does occur. Fifteen percent of the cases were of the
      familial type, suggesting a genetic susceptibility to infection. Iatrogenic
      transmission by corneal transplantation and neurosurgical operations has
      occurred, and the possibility is raised that previous surgery or preexisting
      neurological operations has occurred, and the possibility is raised that previous
      surgery or preexisting neurological disease may be associated with an increased
      risk of developing CJD. It remains to be determined whether the virus of CJD is
      maintained only by patient-to-patient transmission, has a zoonotic reservoir such
      as scrapie, or causes widespread latent infection of man that is occasionally
      activated.

PMID- 371522
TI  - Ernst Hadorn.

PMID- 371523
TI  - Environmental mutagens and carcinogens.

PMID- 371524
TI  - Genetic fusions for operon analysis.

PMID- 371525
TI  - Genetic and biochemical analysis of human cobalamin mutants in cell culture.

PMID- 371526
TI  - Gene and transcription unit mapping by radiation effects.

PMID- 371527
TI  - The population structure of an Amerindian tribe, the Yanomama.

PMID- 371528
TI  - Genetics of influenza virus.

PMID- 371529
TI  - Ultrastructural studies of chiasma distribution.

PMID- 371530
TI  - A genetic framework for Drosophila development.

PMID- 371531
TI  - Some features of genetic recombination in procaryotes.

PMID- 371532
TI  - Transmission genetics of mitochondria and chloroplasts.

PMID- 371533
TI  - The B chromosome of corn.

PMID- 371534
TI  - Genetics of the cellular slime molds.

PMID- 371535
TI  - Human disorders showing increased sensitivity to the induction of genetic damage.

PMID- 371536
TI  - [Action of tetracycline and sodium deoxycholate combinations on protein and
      nucleic acid synthesis in the cells of the NAG vibrio, Staphylococcus aureus and
      Escherichia coli].
AB  - The effect of tetracycline combination with sodium desoxycholate, a surface
      active substance, on the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in the cells of
      NAG-vibrio, Staph. aureus and E. coli was studied by incorporation of 1-14C
      glycine and 8-14C-adenine into proteins and nucleic acids. It was found that
      sodium desoxycholate suppressed the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in
      the cells of NAG-vibrio and Staph. aureus. Its combination with tetracycline
      resulted in summation or increase of the suppressive effects on proteins and
      nucleic acids as compared to the effect of the substances used alone. Sodium
      desoxycholate even in very high concentration, up to 12800 gamma/ml, had no
      effect on the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in the cells of E. coli and
      respectively it did not change the activity of tetracycline on combined use.

PMID- 371537
TI  - [Therapeutic use of carminomycin in Ewing's sarcoma in children].
AB  - The therapeutic effect of carminomycin in various combinations with other
      antitumor drugs, i. e. vincristin, cyclophosphan, dactinomycin and metatrexate
      was studied in clinics on 18 children with wide-spread Juing sarcoma.
      Satisfactory direct effect was observed with the use of the above combinations in
      47.0 per cent of the patients, which was evident from a decrease in the secondary
      tumor, disappearance of the pains and improvement of the general state of the
      patients.

PMID- 371538
TI  - Bacitracin production by whole cells immobilized in polyacrylamide gel.
AB  - Whole cells of Bacillus sp., bacitracin-producing bacteria, were immobilized in
      polyacrylamide gel prepared by using 5% total acrylamide (95% acrylamide monomer
      and 5% N, N'-methylenebis acrylamide). Bacitracin production by the immobilized
      whole cells was examined by using various fermentation media. In starch-bouillon
      medium, the initial activity of immobilized whole cells for bacitracin production
      was 20 to 25% that of an equivalent amount of washed cells. With successive
      utilizations in 1% peptone as reaction medium, activity of the immobilized whole
      cells increased gradually and reached a steady-state maximum having a value of 80
      to 90% of the activity obtained initially with washed cells, whereas the washed
      cells lost most activity when utilized successively. What appeared to be growth
      of the bacteria in the gel was observed by electron microscopy. Therefore, the
      activation of immobilized whole cells during successive utilizations apparently
      resulted from the growth of whole cells in the gel, especially at the gel
      surface.

PMID- 371539
TI  - SCE-963, a new potent cephalosporin with high affinity for penicillin-binding
      proteins 1 and 3 of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A few biochemical activities of SCE-963, a new cephalosporin with potent
      antibacterial activities against gram-negative bacteria, were compared with those
      of several currently available cephalosporins against strains of Escherichia coli
      K-12. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of SCE-963, cefazolin, cephaloridine,
      cephalothin, and cephalexin were 0.2, 1.56, 3.13, 12.5, and 25 mug/ml,
      respectively. Affinities of these cephalosporins for the penicillin-binding
      protein (PBP) 1B of E. coli correlated well with their antibacterial activities;
      among tested cephalosporins, SCE-963 showed the highest affinity for PBP 1B. SCE
      963 inhibited cross-linking of peptidoglycan in a cell-free system the most
      strongly suggesting that this inhibition results from its high affinity for PBP
      1B. SCE-963 also showed the highest affinity for PBP 3; it caused filamentation
      of cells over a wide range of relatively lower concentrations. Thus its superior
      antibacterial activity is believed to be manifested through its high affinity for
      the PBPs.

PMID- 371541
TI  - Investigations of the occurrence of gentamicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - During the 19-month period from June 1976 to December 1977, 90 patients became
      colonized or infected with gentamicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (GRS). Of
      63 adults, 56 had hospital-acquired GRS, whereas only 9 of 27 children had
      hospital-acquired GRS (P < 0.001). The other 7 adults and 18 children had GRS
      present on admission. More than half of those who acquired GRS in the hospital
      had received prior aminoglycoside therapy. Attack rates were higher in adults
      than in children and significantly higher on the plastic surgery service than on
      any other adult service. Phage typing revealed a single-strain outbreak on the
      plastic surgery ward involving 11 patients, whereas other isolates were of
      several phage types. Community-acquired GRS occurred more frequently in rural
      native communities (P < 0.02) and may be related to the use of topical
      gentamicin. Of 17 native children, 10 were from the same area but there was no
      common phage type. Agar dilution minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing
      confirmed that all isolates were gentamicin resistant (MIC >/= 8 mug/ml) and
      almost all were tobramycin resistant (MIC >/= 8 mug/ml). Although the MIC
      distribution between gentamicin disk-susceptible and -resistant strains was
      significantly different, MIC's for 90% of gentamicin disk-resistant strains were
      </=8 mug of amikacin per ml, and MIC's for 92% of the strains were </=4 mug of
      netilmicin per ml.

PMID- 371540
TI  - Double-blind clinical trials of oral cyclacillin and ampicillin.
AB  - A double-blind study was performed to compare the clinical response and the
      incidence of side effects in 2,581 patients administered ampicillin or
      cyclacillin for infections of the genitourinary or respiratory tract, infections
      of the skin and soft tissues, or for otitis media. There was no significant
      difference in clinical response and bacterial eradication. All side effects,
      including diarrhea and skin rash, were approximately twice as frequent in
      patients treated with ampicillin.

PMID- 371542
TI  - Induction of streptomycin uptake in resistant strains of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Different streptomycin-resistant strains of Escherichia coli, including an R100
      plasmid-carrying strain of E. coli W3110, the ribosomally resistant mutant SM10,
      and the spontaneous revertant from dependence to independence d1023, exhibited
      poor accumulation capacity for aminoglycoside antibiotics. This was due to a
      failure of these mutants to induce the general polyamine transport system that is
      utilized by streptomycin to enter the cell. It is shown that the aminoglycoside
      kanamycin, which is effective on these streptomycin-resistant strains, was
      capable of inducing the uptake of streptomycin, thus giving rise to streptomycin
      accumulation up to wild-type levels. Plasmid-determined resistance, which has
      been speculated to be the result of a blockage of the uptake system by modified
      antibiotic molecules, cannot be overcome by the induction of streptomycin
      transport. Increase in permeability of the antibiotic does not affect the
      susceptibility of the bacteria. It is shown that all of the antibiotic taken up
      was enzymatically modified. R-plasmid-conferred resistance to aminoglycosides is
      therefore explained by the inactivation of the antibiotic entering the bacterial
      cell.

PMID- 371543
TI  - Growth conditions and rifampin susceptibility.
AB  - The susceptibility of Escherichia coli to rifampin was measured during unlimited
      growth in rich and poor media and during chemostat growth limited by the carbon
      source. During batch growth at low turbidities, the susceptibility of the
      bacteria increased as the growth rate decreased, consistent with the longer time
      available for drug penetration in the poorer media. During chemostat culture, the
      bacteria remained highly susceptible or became genetically resistant, dependent
      on the manner in which the bacteria were exposed to the antibiotic. If the
      concentration of rifampin was abruptly raised, susceptible cells were replaced by
      genetically resistant cells. However, if the concentration of antibiotic was
      raised slowly, the genetically susceptible cells continued to grow. This
      difference in response of chemostat cultures according to mode of drug
      administration was attributed to an inducible detoxification of the drug by the
      bacteria, because the susceptible genotype is maintained only when the
      concentration of rifampin is increased gradually and when a high population of
      cells is maintained. Direct evidence for the inactivation of the rifampin from
      the bioassay of culture supernatants is presented.

PMID- 371544
TI  - Chloroquine resistance in malaria: accessibility of drug receptors to mefloquine.
AB  - The process of mefloquine accumulation was studied in mouse erythrocytes infected
      with either Plasmodium berghei CS (chloroquine susceptible) or P. berghei CR
      (chloroquine resistant). In both cases, mefloquine was accumulated by a saturable
      process with an apparent dissociation constant of 2.5 x 10(-6) M and an apparent
      maximal capacity of 700 mumol per kg of erythrocyte pellet; uninfected mouse
      erythrocytes accumulated more than half as much mefloquine as infected
      erythrocytes. The process of accumulation was not stimulated by providing glucose
      as a substrate, and it was not inhibited in infected erythrocytes by azide,
      iodoacetate, or incubation at 2 degrees C. Although mefloquine was accumulated
      more effectively than chloroquine by uninfected erythrocytes and by erythrocytes
      infected with P. berghei CR, competition between chloroquine and mefloquine was
      observed, raising the possibility that the same process of accumulation serves
      both drugs. Chloroquine competitively inhibits mefloquine accumulation, with an
      apparent inhibitor constant of 1.7 x 10(-3) M, and mefloquine competitively
      inhibits chloroquine accumulation, with an apparent inhibitor constant of 2 x 10(
      6) M. The same process of accumulation and the same group of receptors could
      serve both drugs if mefloquine has greater access than chloroquine to the
      receptors. Regardless of whether the same process serves both drugs, undiminished
      accumulation by erythrocytes infected with P. berghei CR provides an explanation
      for the superiority of mefloquine in treating chloroquine-resistant malaria.

PMID- 371546
TI  - Barney David Usher, 1899-1978.

PMID- 371545
TI  - Lack of effect of an interferon inducer, N,N-dihexadecyl-m-xylylenediamine, on
      rhinovirus challenge in humans.
AB  - CP-28,888-27 and placebo nasal sprays were compared in 62 normal volunteers
      challenged with rhinovirus type 13 or 21 in two randomized, double-blind studies.
      Half of the subjects received CP-28,888-27 and half received nasal placebo
      administered at 24, 20, and 16 h before challenge and 4 and 8 h after challenge.
      In each study, the number of subjects shedding virus in nasal washes, the number
      developing fourfold or greater serum antibody responses, and the number
      developing afebrile or febrile upper respiratory tract illness were not
      significantly different comparing subjects given CP-28,888-27 and those given
      placebo. Interferon was detected in nasal washes from 5 of 15 volunteers tested
      in the CP-28,888-27 group compared to 2 of 15 volunteers from the placebo group.

PMID- 371547
TI  - Unusual subepidermal bullous diseases with immunologic features of bullous
      pemphigoid.
AB  - Sixty-seven patients with histologic and immunologic features of bullous
      pemphigold (BP) were evaluated. Eleven patients had a localized blistering
      disease that was predominantly confined to one area of the body, most commonly
      the lower extremities. Two patients displayed a dapsone-responsive blistering
      disease that was characterized by a flexural distribution of ten to 20 1-cm or
      less, intensely pruitic, subepidermal bullae and linear IgA basement membrane
      zone deposition. Two patients had a chronic recalcitrant generalized scarring,
      hyperkeratotic, subepidermal blistering eruption that demonstrated serologic and
      direct immunofluorescence (IF) findings of BP. One patient displayed grouped
      small vesicles surmounted on an erythematous base; the clinical diagnosis was
      dermatitis herpetiformis, but direct IF examination of the biopsy specimen showed
      features of BP. One patient with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita had serologic
      and direct IF features suggestive of BP.

PMID- 371548
TI  - Incidence of a positive lupus band test using sun-exposed and unexposed skin.

PMID- 371549
TI  - [Bernard Pierson 1925--1978].

PMID- 371550
TI  - [Organisation and teaching of clinical cytology in Poland (author's transl)].

PMID- 371551
TI  - [Simplified method of bacteriological analysis of urine].

PMID- 371552
TI  - [Experimental contribution to the study of enterotoxigenic activity of some
      "Salmonella typhimurium" strains: investigations with the model of the platelet
      aggregation by ADP (author's transl)].

PMID- 371553
TI  - Indirect immunofluorescence and electronmicroscopy for the diagnosis of yellow
      fever virus infection.

PMID- 371554
TI  - [In memoriam Georges Mattlet (1890-1978)].

PMID- 371555
TI  - Early tangential excision and immediate mesh autografting of deep dermal hand
      burns.
AB  - Thermal injuries to the hand constitute not only one of the most common burns,
      but one of the most difficult for the burn surgeon to treat. Early wound closure
      is mandatory if maximum functional return is to be attained and scarring
      minimized. Over the last three and one-half years, 60 patients with deep dermal
      dorsal hand and finger burns were treated by tangential excision and immediate
      mesh autografting. All patients were admitted to the hospital within 24 hours of
      injury and excision was performed between the third to the tenth post burn day.
      Operative technique consisted of sequential eschar excision using the Humby knife
      or Goulian-Weck dermatome until viable dermis was visible. Mesh autograft, ratio
      1 to 1(1/2) without expansion, was applied. There was 100% graft take in all but
      four hands. Hand function with full range of motion returned by the tenth
      postoperative day. Complications were minor. Patient follow-up ranged from six
      months to three and one-half years. No patient has required subsequent surgery
      for scar revision or contracture release. Range of motion in all patients has
      been excellent and all patients have continued to maintain normal hand function.
      The cosmetic appearance has been good except for the early "mesh" appearance of
      the graft which has become less apparent with time. In summary, early tangential
      excision and immediate mesh autografting of deep dermal dorsal hand burns has
      fulfilled the following burn principles-preservation of tissue, prevention of
      wound infection, maintenance of function and early wound closure.

PMID- 371556
TI  - 100 HLA-identical sibling transplants. Prognostic factors other than
      histocompatibility.
AB  - Analysis of 100 patients receiving HLA identical sibling transplants was
      performed. Excellent graft survival demonstrated in the group attests to the
      importance of matching serological determined antigens. There seems to be a
      modest beneficial effect on antilymphoblast globulin in low dosage, but not in
      high doses. Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus results in a significant negative
      influence on patient survival and graft function in the male recipient but not in
      the female. A particularly striking point that emerges is the potential hazard in
      incorrectly treating for rejection. Rejection occurs very rarely in these
      patients; in a patient with deteriorating renal function, etiologies other than
      rejection should be vigorously sought (including transcutaneous biopsy) prior to
      initiation of rejection therapy.

PMID- 371558
TI  - [Laboratory technics for the study of arbovirus. Institut Pasteur de Madagascar].

PMID- 371557
TI  - Protection by plasma proteins of the isolated lamb heart perfused with stroma
      free hemoglobin at 38 degrees.
AB  - Isolated lamb hearts were perfused for eight hours at 38 degrees with stroma-free
      hemoglobin solution (SFHS). The preservation of cardiac structure and function
      was studied. Control hearts perfused with blood (N = 6) developed no ventricular
      failure or significant weight gain (13% +/- 5), showed no alteration of cellular
      ultrastructure, and little interstitial edema. Hearts perfused with 7% (N = 7) or
      11% (N = 5) SFHS contracted less well, became edematous (22% and 44% weight gain)
      and showed altered mitochondria, capillary endothelial swelling and hemoglobin
      extravasation into the interstitial space. The addition of 5-7% albumin to SFHS
      (N = 9) markedly reduced interstitial edema (weight gain 11% +/- 13), preserved
      mitochondria, prevented endothelial swelling, and limited transcapillary escape
      of hemoglobin. Thus isolated hearts perfused with SFHS develop vascular
      endothelial damage and an increase in capillary permeability. The addition of
      plasma proteins to the perfusate protects against this injury.

PMID- 371559
TI  - [Bibliography of Culicidae of Madagascar].

PMID- 371560
TI  - [H2S producing Escherichia coli. Isolation of first strains in Madagascar].

PMID- 371561
TI  - Effect of diflunisal on the human plasma levels and on the urinary excretion of
      naproxen.
AB  - A double-blind placebo controlled crossover study was performed in twelve healthy
      volunteers receiving multiple doses of naproxen (250 mg b.i.d.) and diflunisal
      (250 mg b.i.d.) to study the effect of diflunisal co-administration on the
      naproxen levels in plasma and urine. The naproxen steady-state level was reached
      between the second and the third day. The peak plasma level appeared about 2 hr
      after drug administration and varied from 68 to 75 microgram/ml. This maximum was
      not modified by a simultaneous administration of diflunisal neither in its
      position nor in its intensity. Statistical analysis using a parametric method,
      did not reveal a significant influence of diflunisal on the plasma kinetics or on
      the urinary elimination of naproxen.

PMID- 371562
TI  - Blood levels of 6-keto-PGF1alpha, the stable metabolite of prostacyclin during
      endotoxin-induced hypotension.

PMID- 371563
TI  - Prostacyclin production by rabbit aorta, pericardium, pleura, peritoneum and dura
      mater.

PMID- 371564
TI  - Influence of arachidonic acid and its metabolites on mesenteric vascular
      resistance in the pig.

PMID- 371565
TI  - Complications of chrysotherapy: a review of recent studies.
AB  - Chrysotherapy has become a cornerstone in the treatment program of patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis. Unfortunately, approximately one third of these individuals
      will experience an adverse drug reaction at some time. Cutaneous manifestations
      are most commonly recognized and do not necessarily preclude reinstitution of
      gold after their resolution. Other complications involving the hematopoietic and
      renal systems are less frequent but may be severe. Recently, investigators have
      described serious toxic reactions involving the liver and lungs. The
      pathophysiologic mechanism of these untoward effects appears to be immunologic,
      although there are conflicting data. Treatment is primarily supportive, and the
      role of corticosteroids and chelating agents remains controversial. Emphasis
      should be placed primarily on early detection of adverse reactions through
      patient education and careful monitoring of blood and urine values.

PMID- 371566
TI  - The lung and oxygen toxicity.

PMID- 371567
TI  - Failure of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in invasive Nocardia asteroides
      infection.
AB  - A case of pulmonary nocardiosis occurred with progressive involvement of the
      pleura, pericardium, mediastinum, and sternum. Surgical resection and drainage
      procedures followed by administration of the drug combination,
      trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, over a six-month period led to clinical recovery.
      Discontinuation of drug therapy, however, was followed by relapse and further
      invasion by the same organism. A literature survey of Nocardia asteroides
      infections treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole disclosed that
      posttreatment follow-up is often too brief or unknown, making the ultimate
      success of therapy uncertain.

PMID- 371568
TI  - [Thalamocortical projections of the anterior ventral nucleus: study using
      retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase].

PMID- 371569
TI  - Popular knowledge of anatomy and medicine in Greece before Hippocrates, in memory
      of Alessandro Simili.

PMID- 371570
TI  - [Further observations on histocompatibility phenomena in adult tritons: the bone
      marrow in skin homografts].

PMID- 371571
TI  - Silk as the nidus for the formation of gallstones.

PMID- 371573
TI  - [Ronald Mac Keith (1908-1977)].

PMID- 371572
TI  - [E 605 poisoning as an autoerotic accident].

PMID- 371574
TI  - [Directives for infant nutrition. I. Recommendation on the composition of an
      "adapted milk." Part 2. Composition].

PMID- 371575
TI  - [Prolonged glomerulonephritis and cyanotic heart disease].
AB  - Three children with congenital heart disease presented with more or less severe
      renal dysfunction. Histologic studies showed signs of membranoproliferative
      pseudoglomerulonephritis without deposits on immunofluorescence. Surgical
      correction of the heart defect induced a spectacular functional and histologic
      improvement.

PMID- 371576
TI  - Medieval and early modern theories of mental illness.
AB  - Historians of medieval and early modern psychiatry have utilized limited source
      materials in their research. They have focused on printed works, particularly
      formal treatises by celebrated authors, and neglected manuscript collections. The
      resulting histories depict early European psychiatric thought as dominated by
      demonology. Examination of the archives of an early English legal incompetency
      jurisdiction flatly contradicts this picture. Starting in the 13th century, the
      English government conducted mental status examinations of psychiatrically
      disabled individuals, using commonsense, naturalistic criteria of impairment;
      private, supervised guardians were appointed for such persons. Furthermore,
      etiological theories entertained by royal officials and laymen relied on
      physiological and psychological notions of psychiatric illness. These findings
      raise serious questions about conventional accounts of this period and underline
      the need for more research using original manuscripts.

PMID- 371577
TI  - Psychoanalytic training. Problems and perspectives.
AB  - The increasing prolongation of the didactic analysis and supervisory hours that
      has occurred in most psychoanalytic institutes over the past several decades has
      not only failed to guarantee a better trained and more scientific group of
      psychoanalysts, but, because of the unhealthy and authoritarian hegemony of
      training analysts over their candidates, may be having a contrary effect of
      fostering rigidity and dogmatism. If psychoanalysis is to remain vital, it must
      be open to growth and change like any other branch of science and its
      practitioners must be flexible and open to new vistas of knowledge from whatever
      source. A suggestion is offered that would enable psychoanalytic candidates, in
      most instances, to complete their training within a four-year period.

PMID- 371578
TI  - [Cytology of metastases of rare tumors in the pleura (author's transl)].
AB  - In the Oncocytological Center of Zala Country were investigated in the recent
      years 2378 cases from effusions of pleural cavity. Ten of the tested cases had
      been proved to be metastases of sarcomatous lesions. Three of them were
      myosarcoma, two of them were malignant melanoma and one fibromyosarcoma,
      reticulosarcoma, osteosarcoma and sarcomatous stage of Hodgkin disease, each. The
      author gives a review of the cytological characteristics of metastatic
      sarcomatous lesions. Up to the opinion of the author there are some
      characteristics which can help in the typing.

PMID- 371579
TI  - [Epidemiology of lymphogranulomatosis (M. Hodgkin) (author's transl)].
AB  - Lymphogranulomatosis (Hodgkin's disease) is a rare neoplasm in the G.D.R.:
      incidence (standardized for "Europe-population") male 3.2--3.5, female 1.8--2.1
      per 10 000 per year. Geographical differences in incidence and mortality are
      remarkable, but firm conclusions cannot be drawn. Epidemiological research has
      demonstrated: familial aggregation; association with HLA-antigen; space-temporal
      clusters which are considered as suspicious for infectious aetiology; association
      with occupational factors; higher incidence after tonsillectomy and appendectomy
      as an index of social factors; no influence of ionizing radiation. Multiple
      primary malignant neoplasms are strikingly often found in patients with Hodgkin's
      disease. It may be that Hodgkin's disease is no nosological entity but clinical
      and morphological manifestation of two diseases, namely infectious granuloma in
      youth and true neoplasm in the elderly.

PMID- 371580
TI  - The role of platelets in infections. I. Observations in human and murine malaria.
AB  - The interaction between platelets and microorganisms may be underestimated. Our
      in vivo studies support a direct role of thrombocytes in malarial infections. We
      have found intrathrombocytic parasites of Plasmodium vivax (in 10% of men
      naturally infected) and P berghei (in 53% of mice experimentally infected); these
      were both merozoites and trophozoites. Neither the mechanism of parasitization
      (whether by active penetration or by phagocytosis) nor the outcome of this
      phenomenon is known. However, structures suggestive of partially digested
      parasitic material were seen in platelets of almost 50% of the men and 75% of the
      mice. These findings suggest that other microoganisms (fungi, bacteria, and
      viruses) may also enter thrombocytes in vivo. If so, platelets could play
      important roles, either favorable or deleterious, in infections.

PMID- 371581
TI  - Embedding in large plastic blocks. Diagnostic light and potential electron
      microscopy on the same block.
AB  - Specimens destined for light and electron microscopy were fixed in a modified
      buffered formalin, postosmicated, dehydrated, and embedded in a mixture of epoxy
      resins (Epon-araldite) in large plastic molds. These blocks were sectioned at 0.5
      to 1 micron on a JB-4 microtome and stained with a combined nuclear and
      cytoplasmic stain (Paragon). The sections were examined by light microscopy for
      diagnostic evaluation. If ultrastructural examination was also desired, the
      selected area was isolated using the "mesa" technique. The trimmed block was then
      sectioned on an ultramicrotome, picked up on grids, stained, and examined in the
      electron microscope. We think these techniques offer the diagnostic pathologist
      the potential of viewing 1-micron sections at a light microscopy level with the
      option of subsequent electron microscopy of the same area of the same block.

PMID- 371582
TI  - Pneumoperitoneum and pneumoretroperitoneum. Consequences of positive end
      expiratory pressure therapy.
AB  - Patients receiving positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) therapy should be
      considered at risk for pneumoperitoneum. In the four patients described, chest
      roentgenographic demonstration of pulmonary interstitial gas and
      pneumomediastinum, frequently but not always associated with pneumothorax,
      preceded the dissection of gas into the abdominal cavity. Neither prompt
      intubation of the pleural space with reexpansion of the lung in the event of
      pneumothorax nor decrease in the PEEP applied precluded dissection of gas from
      the mediastinum into the retroperitoneal and peritoneal spaces. This sequence of
      roentgenographic events should strongly suggest pneumoretroperitoneum and
      pneumoperitoneum as a sequela to PEEP therapy rather than a ruptured viscus.

PMID- 371583
TI  - Cholangitis with a silver lining.
AB  - Acute obstructive cholangitis developed secondary to a common duct stone formed
      around a silver hemostatic clip, introduced at cholecystectomy two years
      previously, that had migrated from a long cystic duct remnant. Stone formation
      around a silk suture is well known, and silver clips in the area of the porta
      hepatis may constitute a similar hazard.

PMID- 371584
TI  - Subcuticular closure of thoracic incisions.

PMID- 371585
TI  - [Sampling of biological material and toxico-chemical analysis in occupational
      poisoning].

PMID- 371586
TI  - [Insect viruses. Polyhedrosis virus disease (Baculovirus) of the brown-tail moth
      (Leucoma salicis L.) in the area of Vojvodina].

PMID- 371587
TI  - [Role of epithelial basement membrane of the small intestine in providing
      immunologic homeostasis].
AB  - A morphometric method was used experimentally to prove the immune barrier
      function of the epithelial basal membrane of the small intestine mucous membrane.
      The epithelial basal membrane located on the border of the epithelium and
      connective tissue provides biochemical and immunological protection of the layer
      proper against penetrotion into it of antigens from the epithelium, being a
      barrier of immunological homeostasis. The damage of the epithelial membrane is
      accompanied by coming of the intestinal lumen antigens into the layer proper
      causing there a disturbance of immunological homeostasis. In response to this
      lymphoid cells migrate from the stroma to the epithelium towards the antigens,
      and lymphocytic reaction in the layer proper increases.

PMID- 371588
TI  - [Functional-morphological model of organization of the epithelium of normal,
      hyperplastic and neoplastic human endometrium].
AB  - A model of functional-morphological organization of epithelium of human normal,
      hyperplastic, and tumour endometrium is described. The model is based on a
      hypothesis that a population of stem cells capable of indefinite unlimited self
      maintenance exists in normal glandular epithelium of the endometrium. The
      population of normal stem cells of endometrium epithelium is the source of
      emergence of differentiated types of epithelial cells among which, according to
      the model, three cell types can be distinguished: cells sensitive to estradiol
      alone, cells sensitive to both estradiol and progesteron, and cells sensitive to
      progesteron alone. The conditions necessary for transition of one cell type to
      another as well as histochemical characteristics of each of the cell types are
      described. The model has been used for the analysis of morphological changes
      developing in hyperplastic processes and cancer of the endometrium as well as for
      the substantiation of the current schedules for hormone therapy of these
      diseases.

PMID- 371589
TI  - [Acute respiratory insufficiency syndrome ("shock lung") in adults].
AB  - The causes of the development of acute respiratory insufficiency ("shock lung")
      may include any shock, burn disease, posttransfusion syndrome, hyperoxygenation
      and trauma of the lungs. Morphologically, against the background of inflation of
      the lung parenchyma, bilateral fine-focus atelectases, focal disorders of the
      circulation of the type of leukostases, sludge, leading to extensive hyalin
      (spodogenic) thromboses, develop. Secondarily, a small-focus edema, hemorrhages,
      sometimes, hyalin membranes, develop. Atelectases are initially reversible, but
      later, when surfactant desintegrates against the background of circulatory
      disorders, they become stable. The main mechanism of the development of this
      process consists in the release, during shock, of biologically active amines in
      the lungs leading to circulatory disorders in them. This is attested to by the
      possibility of producing the "shock lung" picture in intact animals by
      inoculation into their blood of plasma from the animals in a shock condition.

PMID- 371591
TI  - [Simple devices for flat parallel organ sections].

PMID- 371592
TI  - [Histometric method of determining the degree of skeletal muscle structural
      disorder].

PMID- 371590
TI  - [Pathomorphosis of acute renal insufficiency].
AB  - The pathogenetic treatment of acute renal insufficiency (ARI) of the type of
      "shock kidney" started early in the disease changes the clinico-anatomical
      picture of ARI. Therapeutically conditioned pathomorphosis of ARI may exist.
      According to the data of the literature and the author's data based on
      morphological analysis of 400 autopsy cases of ARI, the ARI pathomorphosis
      consists of the following : (1) emergence of reversible ARI forms (when the
      treatment is started early and nephron is not deeply affected); (2) disappearance
      of some morphological signs of ARI (reaction of the renal tissue to cyclinders,
      tubulorexis); (3) appearance of unusual regeneration of nephroepithelium in deep
      affection of the kidneys. Renal changes associated with therapy should be
      regarded as pathology of ARI therapy.

PMID- 371593
TI  - [Morphogenesis of complicated and uncomplicated influenza].
AB  - Changes in the lungs in the prodromal period immediately after inoculation of
      animals with influenza virus were studied at length by electron microscopy. An
      early involvement in the process of pulmonary alveolar cells was demonstrated.
      Particular attention is drawn to viral and viral-bacterial associations
      determining the severity of the course of influenza and its lethal outcomes. The
      paper deals with the importance of latent infection in intrauterine infection
      with influenza virus.

PMID- 371594
TI  - H. Houston Merritt, MD. Jan. 12, 1902--Jan. 9, 1979.

PMID- 371595
TI  - Clinical and radiologic remission in reticulum cell sarcoma of the brain.
AB  - Two patients with cerebral reticulum cell sarcoma (CRCS) are reported in whom
      neurologic abnormalities and radiologic (computerized tomographic [CT] scan)
      evidence of tumor remitted. In one patient, remission followed craniectomy and
      corticosteroid therapy and lasted for eight months. In the other patient, at
      least four remissions occurred over a span of seven years, each in conjunction
      with the administration of corticosteroids. Corticosteroids may favorably alter
      the biologic activity of tumor tissue in some cases of CRCS, predisposing to
      clinical remission and disappearance of tumor on CT scan.

PMID- 371596
TI  - Drug-induced yawning successfully treated with pimozide.

PMID- 371598
TI  - Prescribing in Australia. Part 1.
AB  - A brief history of the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme is given.
      Available statistics in recent years have been analyzed indicating the more
      frequently prescribed drugs both individually and in the major pharmacological
      groups.

PMID- 371597
TI  - Timolol maleate: efficacy and safety.
AB  - A randomized, double-masked trial of various concentrations of timolol maleate
      ophthalmic solution (0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1.0%) vs placebo demonstrated that
      all concentrations of timolol effectively lowered intraocular pressure (IOP). A
      0.5% solution of timolol was as effective in reducing IOP as the 1.0%
      concentration. Blood pressure, visual acuity, and pupillary diameter were not
      altered significantly by any concentration of timolol tested during this study.
      There was a dose-dependent decrease in resting pulse rate with increasing
      concentrations of timolol. No objective signs of drug intolerance were found on
      external ocular examination, nor were any subjective symptoms elicited on
      questioning the subjects. Timolol applied topically twice daily in concentrations
      of 0.1% to 0.5% appeared to be an effective and safe ocular hypotensive agent.

PMID- 371599
TI  - Topical steroids and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal suppression: a review.

PMID- 371600
TI  - Candida infection in human.
AB  - Sputum, vaginal smear, skin and nail scraping, and oral scraping from 269
      suspected cases of fungus infection were examined by microscopy and culture for
      fungus. One hundred similar specimens from healthy individuals were examined as
      controls. Statistically significant (p less than 0.001) difference was observed
      (67.3% versus 7%) in the rate of isolation of fungus in the two groups. Three
      strains of Candida species were found among the isolates. In sputum, oral
      scraping and vaginal discharge, C. albicans, and in skin and nail scraping
      Candida stellatoidia were the prevalent strains. Candida tropicalis was isolated
      in fair proportion from the skin and nail scraping.

PMID- 371602
TI  - Critical procedural variables related to the physiological effects of progressive
      relaxation: a review.

PMID- 371601
TI  - In memoriam James Shields 1918--1978.

PMID- 371603
TI  - Classification of leukemic cells by Ia alloantigens and complement receptors.
      Surface probes for cell differentiation.
AB  - Of particular interest in the study of cell membrane markers of leukemic cells
      were cytotoxic and immunofluorescent results obtained in comparing Ia alloantigen
      and complement receptor (CR) expression on normal leukocytic and leukemic cell
      types. Using discontinuous Ficoll gradients, Ia alloantigens were found on
      varying numbers of leukemic myelo- and lymphoblasts, and on the early stages of
      normal melocytes. Ia alloantigens, however, were not detectable on mature
      polymorphonuclear cells. This establishes human Ia alloantigens as cell surface
      differentiation markers. The appearance of complement receptors was observed
      later than that of Ia alloantigens. CR1 (EAC1-4b) showed up later in the
      differentiation than CR2 (EAC1-3d). Thus, an immunological discrimination between
      AML blasts and CML blast crisis blasts appears to be possible: AML blasts are
      mostly Ia-positive but CR-negative, whilst CML blast crisis cells are only 20-30%
      Ia-positive and carry complement receptors in at least equal amounts. The AML
      blast cell would appear as the less-differentiated cell type when compared to the
      CML blast crisis cells. The picture, however, remains complex since in CML blast
      crisis at least three different types of blast cells can be identified: an Ia
      positive and an Ia-negative myeloid blast as well as an  Ia-positive lymphoid
      blast. The quantitative composition of these three elements within the myeloid
      differentiation profile can vary somewhat from patient to patient. Furthermore,
      these studies revealed a disturbed differentiation of leukemic cell types.

PMID- 371604
TI  - Membrane receptors in platelet adhesion and secretion.

PMID- 371605
TI  - Symposium on actual questions of the clinical morphology of the bone marrow.
      Introduction.

PMID- 371606
TI  - Diet-induced changes in arterial thrombosis not primarily mediated by
      arachidonate peroxidation.

PMID- 371607
TI  - Aplastic anaemia in adults. Further evidence concerning the significance of the
      inflammatory infiltrate in methacrylate-embedded bone marrow biopsy specimens.

PMID- 371608
TI  - Energy balance in man with particular reference to low intakes.

PMID- 371609
TI  - On the regulation of the supply of substrates for muscular activity.

PMID- 371610
TI  - Some features of glycogen metabolism in human skeletal muscle.
AB  - The higher the exercise intensity, the greater the relative proportion of energy
      output derived from carbohydrate metabolism. Muscle glycogen stores are the most
      important source of carbohydrate during heavy exercise and in normal dietary
      conditions. At the same relative energy output, a muscle rich in type II fibers
      obtains a relatively larger energy contribution from carbohydrates, in terms of
      local muscle glycogen utilization, than one rich in type I fibers. This pattern
      can be modified by different dietary means.

PMID- 371611
TI  - The problem of dieting in training and athletic performance.

PMID- 371612
TI  - Thermogenesis and obesity.

PMID- 371613
TI  - The role of physical exercise and training in the management of diabetes
      mellitus.
AB  - The effects of physical activity on blood glucose homeostasis in diabetes
      mellitus and the potential benefits of exercise in the treatment of diabetic
      patients, are reviewed. Mild physical exercise results in a fall of blood glucose
      levels in controlled diabetic patients; this acute effect of exercise might be
      used in particular to inhibit the rise of blood glucose seen in insulin-treated
      diabetics after food intake. In contrast, physical activity will further
      deteriorate the metabolic situation in decompensated diabetic patients by an
      increase in blood glucose and a rapid aggravation of ketosis. On the other hand
      exercise potentiates the blood glucose lowering effect of subcutaneously injected
      insulin; therefore precautions have to be taken in order to avoid hypoglycemia in
      insulin-dependent diabetics especially during and after more strenous exercise.
      In juvenile-type diabetes, physical activity can be used as an efficient
      therapeutic adjunct only in cooperative, well-instructed patients who are used to
      check their metabolic situation on a regular basis. Physical training increases
      the tissues' sensitivity towards (endogenous) insulin. Hence, in addition to the
      diet, training might represent the most appropriate treatment in maturity onset
      type diabetic patients. However, direct evidence for an improvement of glucose
      tolerance in diabetic patients by physical training is still lacking. In order to
      formulate detailed, generally applicable recommendations on how to carry out a
      useful therapeutic program of physical exercise and/or training in diabetic
      patients, further clinical studies assessing the quantitative effects of physical
      activity on carbohydrate metabolism are needed.

PMID- 371614
TI  - Microbial metabolism of amino alcohols. Formation of coenzyme B12-dependent
      ethanolamine ammonia-lyase and its concerted induction in Escherichia coli.
AB  - 1. Kinetic studies of ethanolamine ammonia-lyase formation by Escherichia coli
      suggested that coenzyme B12 (5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin), with ethanolamine, is a
      co-inducer. 2. Enzymic and immunological tests failed to show the formation of
      complementary enzyme components induced separately by ethanolamine and cobalamin
      respectively. 3. Although specific for ethanolamine as the substrate, enzyme
      formation was induced by certain analogues, e.g. 2-aminopropan-1-ol. 4.
      Experiments with cyano[57Co]-cobalamin suggested that neither coenzyme B12 nor
      some more tightly bound coenzymically inactive cobamide was necessary for enzyme
      stability in vitro. 5. Mutants of E. coli were obtained which formed ethanolamine
      ammonia-lyase apoenzyme constitutively, showing that neither ethanolamine nor
      cobalamin was required for assembly or post-transcriptional stability of the
      enzyme in vivo. Constitutive enzyme formation was subject to catabolite
      repression, particularly by glucose. 6. It appears likely that ethanolamine and
      coenzyme B12, acting in concert, induce ethanolamine ammonia-lyase formation. The
      term 'concerted' induction is proposed for this phenomenon.

PMID- 371616
TI  - Amidination of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of Escherichia coli under
      denaturing conditions.

PMID- 371615
TI  - Polypeptide-chain stoicheiometry and lipoic acid content of the pyruvate
      dehydrogenase complex of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex was isolated from Escherichia coli
      grown in the presence of [35S]sulphate. The three component enzymes were
      separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and the
      molar ratios of the three polypeptide chains were determined by measurement of
      the radioactivity in each band. The chain ratio of lipoamide dehydrogenase to
      lipoate acetyltransferase approached unity, but there was a molar excess of
      chains of the pyruvate decarboxylase component. The 35S-labelled complex was also
      used in a new determination of the total lipoic acid content. It was found that
      each polypeptide chain of the lipoate acetyltransferase component appears to bear
      at least three lipoyl groups.

PMID- 371617
TI  - Hazards in the use of Cibacron Blue F3GA in studies of proteins.

PMID- 371618
TI  - Evidence for an essential lysine residue on the phosphoribosyl transferase
      subunit of the anthranilate synthetase-anthranilate 5-phosphoribosyl
      pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase enzyme complex from Salmonella
      typhimurium.

PMID- 371619
TI  - Preparation of variant-specific anti-human placental phosphatase antisera by
      immunoabsorption.

PMID- 371620
TI  - A role for ribonuclease III in synthesis of bacteriophage T4 transfer RNAs.

PMID- 371621
TI  - Isolation and characterization of yeast protease B.

PMID- 371623
TI  - Internal flexibility of valyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli.

PMID- 371622
TI  - A new category of ovulation inhibitors: linear LH-RH analogues having more than
      ten residues.

PMID- 371624
TI  - Regulation of polyamine biosynthesis.

PMID- 371625
TI  - New plasmid curing compounds. Anthril and phenathril derivatives.

PMID- 371626
TI  - Effects of 5-fluorocytidine on mammalian transfer RNA and transfer RNA
      methyltransferases.

PMID- 371627
TI  - An antineuronal antibody cross-reacting with erythrocytes and lymphocytes in
      systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - An antibody with erythrocyte and lymphocyte activity, present in the sera of
      patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), demonstrated additional
      reactivity with neurons. The neuronal reactivity was greater with cortical
      neurons than with cerebellar and caudate nucleus neurons, was predominantly IgG,
      and was immunologically specific. Selected sera from 22 patients with active SLE
      were tested for the presence of antineuronal antibody. Eleven of 12 sera obtained
      from patients with neuropsychiatric disease demonstrated definite neuron
      reactivity, in contrast to only 2 of 10 sera obtained from patients without
      evidence of neuropsychiatric involvement (P less than 0.005). Five of 21 sera
      from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but no sera from 5 other disease control
      groups, contained antineuronal antibody. Serial studies of 2 SLE patients with
      transient psychotic episodes demonstrated a close association between antibody
      titer and the appearance of psychosis in one. These observations suggest that the
      detection of antineuronal antibodies in patients with SLE may be of value in the
      diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric complications.

PMID- 371628
TI  - Anti-native DNA detection by the Crithidia luciliae method: an improved guide to
      the diagnosis and clinical management of systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - The clinical value of the Crithidia luciliae (CL) method for detection of
      antibodies to native DNA (nDNA) was assessed. Significant titers were limited
      almost exclusively to patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
      Evaluation of sera from patients at the onset of active lupus demonstrated
      elevated anti-nDNA levels in 80% of subjects with active disease and in 94% of
      patients with clinically evident lupus nephritis. In longitudinal studies, rising
      titers of anti-nDNA were invariably accompanied by exacerbation of lupus
      activity. These findings suggest that the CL method correlates more closely with
      active SLE than do other anti-DNA methods in common use and indicate that it will
      prove highly useful in the diagnosis and management of SLE.

PMID- 371629
TI  - Comparison of gastrointestinal effects of aspirin and fenoprofen. A double blind
      crossover study.
AB  - Sixteen men received 3904 mg of aspirin, 2400 mg of fenoprofen, or placebo daily
      for 1 week in a double blind and crossover trial. Fecal blood loss was measured
      by 51Cr labeled red cells; gastric and duodenal pathology were observed
      endoscopically. There was more (P less than 0.05) blood loss (4.96 ml) after
      aspirin than after fenoprofen (2.46 ml) or placebo (0.79 ml). By endoscopic
      examination, aspirin induced more (P less than 0.05) gastrointestinal pathology
      than fenoprofen or placebo, and there was a correlation of 0.70 between the two
      methods used in this study.

PMID- 371630
TI  - Double-blind study of fenoprofen versus phenylbutazone in acute gouty arthritis.

PMID- 371631
TI  - Necrology. John H. Gaeth. 1913-1978.

PMID- 371632
TI  - Heparin: new concepts relevant to clinical use.

PMID- 371633
TI  - Abrogation of resistance to and enhancement of DLA-nonidentical unrelated marrow
      grafts in lethally irradiated dogs by thoracic duct lymphocytes.

PMID- 371634
TI  - Hairy cell leukemia: cellular characteristics including surface immunoglobulin
      dynamics and biosynthesis.

PMID- 371635
TI  - [Reaction between anti-erythrocyte-membrane immune sera and erythrocytes of
      patients with homozygous beta-thalassemia. Observations made with
      immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase methods].
AB  - The immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques have been applied to
      erythrocytes from the periferal blood of beta thalassemia patients, coated with
      rabbit anti human erythrocyte membrane antibodies. Enhanced staininh has been
      found in a number of mature and immature red blood cells, as well as the presence
      of plasma proteins sticking to the surface of the erythrocytes.

PMID- 371637
TI  - [Action of epinephrine and of propranolol on the in vitro bactericidal power of
      human neutrophil granulocytes].

PMID- 371636
TI  - [Simultaneous trans-aortic perfusion of rabbit kidneys with different solutions:
      experimental model].

PMID- 371638
TI  - [Effect of a bicarbonate-alkaline-earth mineral water on the proteolytic and
      alpha-glucosidase activity of the gastric mucosa].

PMID- 371639
TI  - [Dementia in normal pressure hydrocephalus (author's transl)].

PMID- 371640
TI  - [Vascular dementia (author's transl)].

PMID- 371641
TI  - [Immunohistological diagnosis of human and experimental brain tumors using
      antiserum to astroprotein (author's transl)].

PMID- 371642
TI  - Prosthetic valve endocarditis resulting from Nocardia asteroides.
AB  - Nocardia asteroides was isolated from the prosthetic valve of a 64-year-old woman
      who had died of endocarditis after aortic valve replacement. Multiple blood
      cultures had all been negative. This organism is increasingly being recognised as
      a pathogen and is usually sensitive to sulphonamides. These should be tried in
      culture negative endocarditis unresponsive to standard therapy.

PMID- 371643
TI  - Effects of propranolol and metoprolol on haemodynamic and respiratory indices and
      on perceived exertion during exercise in hypertensive patients.
AB  - A double-blind cross-over trial of the non-selective beta-blocker propranolol and
      the beta1-selective blocker metoprolol was carried out in 8 hypertensive
      patients. At the end of each 4-week period of treatment haemodynamic and
      respiratory indices and perceived exertion were studied during moderate exercise.
      Both beta-blockers resulted in reduced heart rate, cardiac output, and blood
      pressure, whereas the stroke volume increased. Total peripheral resistance did
      not change. During exercise the expiratory peak flow rate equally increased in
      every period. However, the peak flow rate at rest, as well as during exercise,
      was reduced by propranolol, while metoprolol had no such influence. Neither of
      the beta-blockers changed O2 consumption, CO2 production, tidal volume, or
      respiratory rate. Moreover, they did not influence perceived exertion.  These
      results suggest that the arteriolar and bronchiolar beta2-receptors do not play a
      major role in the alteration of circulation and ventilation during exercise. As
      far as their practical use as antihypertensive agents is concerned, this study
      shows no advantage in the use of either of these beta-blockers.

PMID- 371644
TI  - Management of unstable angina at rest by verapamil. A double-blind cross-over
      study in coronary care unit.
AB  - A therapeutic trial with verapamil, a calcium-antagonist drug, was performed in
      12 patients admitted to our coronary care unit because of frequent daily attacks
      of angina at rest attributed to coronary vasospasm. After a 48-hour run-in
      period, oral verapamil 480 mg/day and placebo were administered alternately
      during 4 randomised 48-hour periods. Transient ischaemic attacks with ST segment
      elevation or depression, with or without pain, were documented by continuous
      electrocardiographic monitoring. The number of attacks during the run-in and 2
      placebo periods were 128, 123, and 130, respectively, and 31 and 23 during the 2
      treatment periods (P less than 0.006 and P less than 0.003). This drug therefore
      appears to be effective in the management of patients with frequent attacks of
      angina at rest.

PMID- 371645
TI  - Effects of tocainide on left ventricular performance at rest and during acute
      alterations in heart rate and systemic arterial pressure. An echocardiographic
      study.

PMID- 371646
TI  - Observations on haemodynamic effects of mexiletine.
AB  - The haemodynamic effects of intravenous mexiletine have been studied in 16
      patients with valvular heart disease without clinical evidence of heart failure.
      A bolus injection of 150 mg administered to 6 of the 16 patients resulted in a
      mean plasma concentration above the therapeutic range for at least 5 minutes
      after the drug was given. A small but significant rise in the mean pulmonary
      artery pressure occurred. In 10 patients, the effects of intravenous mexiletine
      were compared with those of intravenous saline in a double blind trial. No
      significant difference was found in the haemodynamic effects, though both saline
      and mexiletine produced a small rise in the mean pulmonary artery pressure.
      Mexiletine when administered to patients without heart failure in doses known to
      be clinically effective did not have important adverse haemodynamic effects.

PMID- 371647
TI  - Comparative haemodynamic and peripheral vasodilator effects of oral and chewable
      isosorbide dinitrate in patients with refractory congestive cardiac failure.

PMID- 371648
TI  - Cardiorespiratory effects of increased airway pressure during controlled and
      spontaneous breathing after cardiac surgery.
AB  - The cardiorespiratory effects of intermittent positive pressure ventilation with
      zero end-expiratory pressure (IPPV), continuous positive airway pressure
      breathing (CPAP) and spontaneous breathing (SR) were studied in 11 patients 3--20
      h after open-heart surgery. The transition from IPPV to CPAP resulted in a
      significant reduction in tidal volume and significant increases in respiratory
      frequency, PaCO2, oxygen transport and mean arterial pressure, but there were no
      significant changes in cardiac output or PaO2. There were no significant
      differences in any of the measurements between CPAP and SR.

PMID- 371649
TI  - Cardiac arrhythmias during outpatient dental anaesthesia: a comparison of
      controlled ventilation with and without halothane.
AB  - The frequency and nature of cardiac arrhythmia during two controlled ventilation
      techniques for endotracheal anaesthesia in dental outpatients have been compared.
      Both techniques used nitrous oxide and oxygen with alcuronium, but in one the
      additional agent was halothane and in the other it was fentanyl. The frequency of
      arrhythmia in both groups was 5%. No ventricular arrhythmia was seen but benign
      nodal rhythm was noted. It is suggested that the anti-arrhythmia effect of non
      depolarizing muscle relaxants may prevent ventricular arrhythmia in patients
      receiving halothane.

PMID- 371650
TI  - Ergometrine or oxytocin? Blood loss and side-effects at spontaneous vertex
      delivery.
AB  - Blood loss and the frequency of vomiting were assessed at 88 spontaneous vertex
      deliveries. An i.v. injection of oxytocin 10 u was as effective as ergometrine
      0.5 mg in controlling bleeding from the uterus after delivery. The continuous
      infusion of a dilute solution of oxytocin in the first stage of labour was not
      followed by an increased blood loss at delivery. Oxytocin infusions were
      maintained for 1 h after delivery. Vomiting or retching occurred in 13% of the
      mothers who received i.v. ergometrine. None of the women who received oxytocin
      suffered emetic sequelae.

PMID- 371651
TI  - The metabolism of [14C]-debrisoquine in man.
AB  - 1 The synthesis of [14C]-debrisoquine hydrochloride and 4-hydroxy-debrisoquine
      sulphate is described. 2 The metabolic fate and excretion profile in both urine
      and faeces of 14C-labelled debrisoquine was studied in five healthy human
      subjects. 3 Investigations showed that the drug is well-absorbed after a single
      oral dose of 32 mg and quantitatively eliminated from the body within three days.
      4 4-Hydroxy-debrisoquine is the major metabolite of debrisoquine, although
      significant amounts of 5-,6-, 7- and 8-hydroxy-debrisoquine are also formed. 5
      Electron-capture gas chromatography is a useful method for measuring debrisoquine
      and its five hydroxylated metabolites in urine at the pg level.

PMID- 371652
TI  - The influence of combined treatment with propranolol and acetylsalicylic acid on
      platelet aggregation in coronary heart disease.

PMID- 371653
TI  - Experimental lepromatous leprosy in the white-handed gibbon (Hylobatus lar):
      successful inoculation with leprosy bacilli of human origin.
AB  - Leprosy bacilli of human origin were inoculated into a white-handed gibbon by the
      i.v. and i.p. routes, and also locally into ears, testis and around an ulnar
      nerve. The animal was observed closely during a period of nearly 15 years and did
      not exhibit any clinical evidence of cutaneous or neurological disease. At death,
      a wide range of tissues was taken for bacterial counts and histological
      examination, and a disseminated and progressive infection was demonstrated. Acid
      fast bacilli were found in many sites; their morphological appearance
      distribution in nerves, and pattern of multiplication in mouse foot-pads, and
      also the presence of anti-mycobacterial antibody in the serum and the absence of
      specific lymphocyte transformation were all in keeping with an infection by
      Mycobacterium leprae, at an early lepromatous stage. This is probably the first
      fully documented report of experimental lepromatous infection in a primate. The
      findings are discussed in relation to the long incubation period of le promatous
      leprosy and the difficulties of diagnosing the disease at an early stage in man.

PMID- 371655
TI  - Dermatology in Britain in the late nineteenth century.

PMID- 371654
TI  - Malignant atrophic papulosis.
AB  - The lethal intestino-cutaneous syndrome which we described in 1942 as malignant
      atrophic papulosis (MAP) has gained various other visceral sites. However, the
      cutaneous eruption remains the constant and pathognomonic symptom, which, despite
      its benign appearance harbours a serious prognosis because of the frequently very
      severe lesions in the small intestine, and sometimes of the nervous system. The
      very special histological structure shows zones of necrosis (dermal in the skin)
      due to vasculitis with a tendency to thrombosis, affecting the small vessels
      below the lesion, and with little or no inflammatory reaction, which
      differentiates it from other angiitis. The aetiology remains uncertain (?viral)
      and the treatment is disappointing although heparin appears to have been helpful
      occasionally.

PMID- 371656
TI  - Papular acrodermatitis of childhood and other papulo-vesicular acro-located
      syndromes.
AB  - Papular acrodermatitis of childhood (PAC), first recognized in Milan and
      described by Gianotti in 1955, is an infectious disease of childhood, of low
      infectivity, fairly widespread, and characterized by: (1) Non-relapsing
      erythemato-papular dermatitis localized to the face and limbs, lasting about 3
      weeks. (2) Paracortical hyperplasia of lymph-nodes. (3) Acute hepatitis, usually
      anicteric, which lasts at least 2 months and may progress to chronic liver
      disease.

PMID- 371657
TI  - Subcorneal pustular dermatosis.

PMID- 371658
TI  - Circulating reticulin autoantibodies of IgA class in dermatitis herpetiformis.
AB  - Circulating reticulin autoantibodies of IgA class and anti-nuclear antigen
      antibodies were found in a high frequency in dermatitis herpetiformis patients as
      compared with age- and sex-matched controls.

PMID- 371659
TI  - Identification in situ of T lymphocytes in the dermal and epidermal infiltrates
      of mycosis fungoides.
AB  - Frozen tissue sections from the lesions of five patients with histologically
      proven mycosis fungoides were examined using a specific antihuman T-cell
      antiserum and an indirect peroxidase staining technique. The dermal and epidermal
      infiltrates were shown to comprise predominantly cells bearing the specific T
      cell antigen, HTLA. Two of the patients exhibited characteristic Pautrier
      microabscesses whose cells were exclusively T lymphocytes.

PMID- 371660
TI  - Biochemical and behavioural aspects of sideropenia.

PMID- 371661
TI  - Properties of anti-hairy cell serum.
AB  - An antiserum was prepared in rabbits against hairy leukaemic cells. After
      absorption with human erythrocytes, thymus and liver powder, the serum was passed
      through immunoabsorbent columns to remove extensive anti-plasma protein activity.
      Following these procedures, sensitive techniques failed to reveal residual
      activity against alpha-macroglobulins, beta2-microglobulin and other human plasma
      proteins. The antiserum reacted with normal B lymphocytes but not with T
      lymphocytes or monocytes. Positive reactions were seen in B cell lymphomas,
      chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, hairy-cell leukaemia and uninucleated Reed
      Sternberg cells.

PMID- 371662
TI  - The marrow-blood barrier.

PMID- 371663
TI  - Treatment of premenstrual syndrome by spironolactone.
AB  - Spironlactone was given to 28 women in a double blind cross over trial during
      four menstrual cycles. Hormonal profiles were measured during the first two
      cycles. Plasma aldosterone was elevated in the premenstrual phase of the cycles
      but there was no significant difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic
      groups. The rise in serum progesterone was higher in the symptomatic group during
      the postovulatory phase. The administration of spironolactone reduced weight and
      relieved psychological symptoms in more than 80 per cent of the symptomatic
      group.

PMID- 371664
TI  - A comparison of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha vaginal gel for ripening the cervix before
      induction of labour.
AB  - The efficacy of a vaginal gel containing either 5 mg prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) or
      25 mg prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) to ripen the unfavourable cervix for
      labour induction was assessed in a double blind trial. PGF2 alpha, compared with
      PGE2, had little effect upon the clinical state of the cervix, but the resultant
      duration of labour in each of the two groups was shorter than in a control group.
      While the numbers of patients requiring oxytocin stimulation of labour and
      regional analgesia were reduced in both groups compared with the controls, PGF2
      alpha was much less effective than PGE2. Uterine hypertonus was observed using
      both prostaglandins during an experimental study and the implications are
      discussed.

PMID- 371665
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic appearances in the amnion in polyhydramnios and
      oligohydramnios.
AB  - The appearances of the amnion from two patients with polyhydramnios and two
      patients with oligohydramnios are described. In polyhydramnios the amnion showed
      a normal incidence of all the four patterns found in normal amnion at term and no
      abnormal features were noted. In oligohydramnios, two of four normal patterns
      predominated and intercellular canals were sparse.

PMID- 371666
TI  - A new method of full thickness skin graft fixation.
AB  - A technique of free full thickness skin graft fixation utilising central and
      paracentral sutures between the graft and the depths of the recipient bed is
      described. The intrinsic fixation provided by these sutures allow larger free
      grafts, thus eliminating the need to use local flaps. These sutures also allow
      double free grafts-mucosal and dermal-for full thickness lower eyelid
      reconstructions. Patients do not need hospital admission and can resume normal
      activity immediately after the operation. One hundred and nine skin grafts
      secured by this technique have yielded very satisfactory results.

PMID- 371667
TI  - Prefabrication of round and edgewise arches using wax bites.

PMID- 371668
TI  - Lac UV5 transcription in vitro. Rate limitation subsequent to formation of an RNA
      polymerase-DNA complex.
AB  - The kinetics of transcription of lac UV5 mRNA using purified DNA restriction
      fragment as template has been studied. This template, which contains only 203
      base pairs, directs the formation of a 67-base lac mRNA with high specificity.
      The half-time for formation of a DNA-RNA polymerase complex is approximately 0.2
      min. However, upon addition of 200 micron nucleoside triphosphates to this
      complex, RNA production proceeds with a half-time of approximately 1 min.
      Therefore, it is suggested that the rate-limiting step for lac UV5 mRNA
      production, under typical in vitro conditions, occurs subsequent to the formation
      of a promoter-specific complex.

PMID- 371670
TI  - Subunits of RNA polymerase in function and structure. 7. Structure of premature
      core enzyme.
AB  - The structure of premature core enzyme, an obligatory intermediate in both in
      vivo and in vitro assembly of Escherichia coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, was
      compared with that of native core enzyme. Though this assembled but inactive form
      of core enzyme harbors the gross conformation similar to that of native enzyme,
      minor and presumably local differences exist, which were identified by near
      ultraviolet circular dichroism spectra, tritium-hydrogen exchange rate, protease
      sensitivity, intersubunit cross-linking rate by bifunctional reagents,
      sedimentation behavior, and elution profile from phosphocellulose. Taken together
      these results indicate that the core enzyme subunits are loosely associated in
      the premature core. The temperature-dependent maturation is required for the core
      subunits to be tightly associated, leading to the formation of structurally
      stable and functionally active RNA polymerase.

PMID- 371669
TI  - DNA sequence directs placement of histone cores on restriction fragments during
      nucleosome formation.
AB  - Restriction fragments, 203 and 144 base pairs in length, bearing the Escherichia
      coli lac control region have been reconstituted with the core histones from calf
      thymus to form nucleosomes. By several criteria the reconstituted nucleosomes are
      similar to native nucleosomes obtained by micrococcal nuclease digestion of calf
      thymus nuclei. However, sensitive nuclease digestion studies reveal subtle and
      important differences between native monosomes and the lac reconstitutes. Each
      reconstitute consists mainly of nucleosomes containing histone cores placed
      nonrandomly with respect to the DNA sequence. The shorter reconstitute forms
      asymmetric nucleosomes as evidenced by the DNase I digestion pattern. Exonuclease
      III digestion followed by 5'-end analysis of the larger reconstitute suggests
      that, of the many possible arrangements of histone core with DNA sequence, only
      two are highly favored.

PMID- 371671
TI  - Subunits of RNA polymerase in function and structure. 8. Catalytic properties of
      self-reactivated core enzyme.
AB  - As an attempt to identify the maturation pathway of Escherichia coli RNA
      polymerase, the catalytic properties of core enzyme reactivated in the absence of
      maturation-promoting factors (sigma subunit or DNA) (that is, of self-reactivated
      core enzyme) were compared with those of native core enzyme. Differences have
      been found in the intrinsic activities such as in the template specificity, Km
      value of DNA template for the polymerase, activation energy for RNA synthesis,
      and increment of enzyme activity by sigma subunit. These observations imply that
      the transcription initiation by self-reactivated core enzyme is inaccurate and,
      therefore, more strict conditions including the presence of maturation-promoting
      factors are required for premature core be activated to the genuine function with
      the transcription specificity of native core enzyme.

PMID- 371672
TI  - Fluorescence studies of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex from
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 371674
TI  - Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli does not need an editing
      mechanism to reject serine and alanine. High binding energy of small groups in
      specific molecular interactions.
AB  - The cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli only very slowly activates
      serine, alanine, and alpha-aminobutyrate, the possible competitors of cysteine.
      The upper limits on the values of kcat/KM for the amino acid dependent
      ATP/pyrophosphate exchange reactions, relative to that of cysteine, are less than
      10(-8), 2 x 10(-7), and 3 x 10(-6), respectively. It is calculated from these
      data and the concentrations of the amino acids in vivo that the error rates for
      the misincorporation of serine and alanine for cysteine are less than 10(-9) and
      5 x 10(-8), respectively. There is no need for an error correcting mechanism and
      no evidence has been found to implicate one: there is no detectable ATP/pyrophosp
      hatase activity of the enzyme in the presence of tRNACys and alanine; Ala-tRNACys
      has been synthesized by the reductive desulfurization of Cys-tRNACys and has been
      found to be relatively resistant to the enzyme-catalyzed deacylation. Part of the
      high selectivity of the enzyme for the -SH group of cysteine (approximately 5
      kcal/mol) appears to be caused by dispersion forces: simple calculations suggest
      that the dispersion energy between sulfur and a methylene group is about 2.5
      times greater than that between two methylene groups. This high "hydrophobicity"
      of sulfur is consistent with the relative binding energies of substrates of the
      methionyl-tRNA synthetase. The rest of the high binding energy of the-SH group
      may come from hydrogen bonding.

PMID- 371673
TI  - Establishing the misacylation/deacylation of the tRNA pathway for the editing
      mechanism of prokaryotic and eukaryotic valyl-tRNA synthetases.

PMID- 371675
TI  - Analysis of protein--protein relationships in 30S ribosome assembly intermediates
      using protection from proteolytic digestion.
AB  - Treatment of the intact bacterial ribosome with proteolytic enzymes results in
      little or no digestion of many of the component proteins [Craven, G. R., & Gupta,
      V. (1970) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 67, 1329]. In contrast, when the proteins
      are released from the constraints of ribosome structure they become completely
      susceptible to proteolytic attack. We have attempted to exploit these
      observations in an effort to determine the precise steps in ribosome assembly
      which result in a conversion of the structures of the various proteins from a
      proteolysis sensitive to a resistant form. Thus, a total of 11 30S ribosome
      assembly intermediate complexes of proteins and 16S RNA were prepared and
      digested with trypsin or chymotrypsin. The kinetics of digestion of each protein
      in the complex were followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. By a
      comparison of the digestion pattern of two complexes differing only by the
      presence of a single protein, it was possible to deduce several specific
      protective effects of one protein on its neighbor in the complex. On the basis of
      these studies, we propose nine protein-protein protective effects. The possible
      relevance of these interrelationships to other well-established proximity
      relationships is discussed.

PMID- 371676
TI  - Fragmentation of the human transplantation antigen heavy chain by limited
      proteolysis, acid cleavage, and cyanogen bromide treatment.
AB  - Highly purified, papain-solubilized HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens comprising a
      mixture of a great number of allelic forms from at least three loci have been
      fragmented by limited proteolysis, acid cleavage, and cyanogen bromide treatment.
      Limited proteolysis of 125I-labeled HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens with trypsin,
      chymotrypsin, thermolysin, and pepsin resulted in the production of two large
      fragments. One fragment was associated with beta 2-microglobulin and contained
      all of the carbohydrate. The other fragment, which had a molecular weight of
      about 13,000, is most probably derived from the COOH-terminal part of the heavy
      chain. Acid cleavage of the HLA antigen heavy chain gave rise to two main
      fragments with molecular weights of 22,000 and 11,000. Both fragments contained
      disulfide bonds. Two minor components, representing further cleavage products of
      the 22,000-dalton fragment, were also observed. Cleavage of the HLA antigen heavy
      chain at methionyl residues gave rise to one carbohydrate-containing, cysteine
      free 14,000-dalton fragment and one 20,000-dalton fragment that contained all
      cysteines but no carbohydrate. NH2-terminal amino acid sequence analyses
      demonstrated that the 22,000-dalton acid cleavage fragment and the 14,000-dalton
      cyanogen bromide fragment were derived from the NH2-terminal part of the HLA
      antigen heavy chain.

PMID- 371677
TI  - Purification and properties of the sigma subunit of Escherichia coli DNA
      dependent RNA polymerase.
AB  - An improved purification procedure is described for the sigma subunit of
      escherichia coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerase [ribonucleoside triphosphate:RNA
      nucleotidyl-transferase, EC 2.7.7.6]. The method involves chromatography of
      purified RNA polymerase on single-stranded DNA-agarose, Bio-Rex 70, and finally
      Ultragel AcA44. The sigma factor obtained is electrophoretically pure with a
      yield of about 40%. A number of the chemical--physical properties of sigma are
      presented. A molecular weight of 82,000 was determined by phosphate buffered
      sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Ultraviolet
      absorption spectra were used to determine an E280nm 1% of 8.4. The amino acid
      composition and 12-residue N-terminal sequence (Met-Glx-Glx-Asx-Pro-Glx-(Ser or
      Cys)-Glx-Leu-Lys-Leu-Leu) of sigma have been determined. The isoelectric focusing
      properties of sigma are presented. Denaturation--renaturation studies indicate
      that sigma is capable of an unusually rapid and complete recovery of activity
      after being subjected to denaturing conditions. A stable, 40,000-dalton fragment
      is generated from sigma by mild trypsin treatment.

PMID- 371678
TI  - Electrolyte effects on the activity of mutant enzymes in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - All temperature-sensitive histidine auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium tested
      are corrected by addition of neutral salts to their growth medium. The
      correctability seems to result from direct electrolyte effects on mutant protein
      stability since several of the mutant proteins are also salt correctable in
      vitro.

PMID- 371679
TI  - Dissociation of guanosine nucleotide-elongation factor G-ribosome complexes.
AB  - The spontaneous dissociation of complexes containing elongation factor G (EF-G),
      the ribosome, and either GDP plus fusidic acid, guanyl-5'-yl imidodiphosphate, or
      guanyl-5'-yl methylene diphosphonate has been measured and it follows biphasic
      kinetics that can be resolved into two first-order decay rates. This suggest the
      existence of two classes of complexes with apparent dissociation rate constants
      (k) differing 5--20-fold. The values of k and the distribution of complexes
      between the fast and the slowly decaying class depend on the conditions in which
      the dissociation occurs but not on the conditions in which the complexes are
      formed. Rapid transitions of complexes from one to the other class occur only
      when the chemical environment in which the dissociation takes place is modified.
      Thus, increasing the concentration of NH4Cl or adding the antibiotic thiostrepton
      accelerates the decay and converts slowly dissociating into fast dissociating
      complexes. In contrast, addition of misreading-inducing aminoglycoside
      antibiotics of the neomycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, and gentamicin (but not
      hygromycin) groups slows down the decay. For neomycin B at 10 micron, this 
      effect is due to the conversion of fast into slowly decaying complexes. A model
      to explain the results involving conformational transitions of the complexes is
      proposed.

PMID- 371680
TI  - Unmasking of an essential thiol during function of the membrane-bound enzyme II
      of the phosphenolpyruvate beta-glucoside phosphotransferase system of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - beta-Glucoside transport by phosphoenolpyruvate-hexose phosphotransferase system
      in Escherichia coli is inactivated in vivo by thiol reagents. This inactivation
      is strongly enhanced by the presence of transported substrates. In a system
      reconstituted from soluble and membrane-bound components, only the particulate
      component, the membrane-bound enzyme IIbgl appeared as the target of N
      ethylmaleimide inaction. The same feature was found in the case of methyl-alpha-D
      glucoside uptake via enzyme IIglc. It is shown that the sensitizing effect of
      substrates is specific and not generalized, methyl-alpha-D-glucoside only
      sensitizes enzyme IIglc and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucoside only sensitizes enzyme
      IIbgl towards N-ethylmaleimide inactivation. The inactivation of enzyme IIbgl by
      thiol reagents is also promoted in vivo by fluoride inhibition of
      phosphoenolpyruvate synthesis. In toluene-treated bacteria, the presence of
      phosphoenolpyruvate protects against inactivation by thiol reagents of p
      nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucoside phosphorylation. Both results suggest that the
      inactivator resistent form of enzyme IIbgl is an energized form of the enzyme.

PMID- 371681
TI  - Escherichia coli Hfr-DNA degradation in endonuclease I-deficient minicells.
AB  - [3H]Thymidine (dThd)-labelled Hfr DNA was transferred by conjugation into
      Escherichia coli F- minicells harvested from an endonuclease I-deficient (endI-)
      strain and its iosgenic wild type (endI+) parent. The susceptibility of this DNA
      to attack by DNAase was examined. The kinetics of in vivo conversion of [3H]dThd
      labelled DNA into acid soluble radioactivity was examined. This activity,
      attributed to exonuclease action was the same for both strains. Contribution of
      endonuclease I was measured by an analysis of changes in weight-average (Mw) and
      number-average (Mn) molecular weight distribution of DNA molecules recovered from
      minicells. Reduction in Mw was greater in the endI-strain. The ratio Mn/Mw
      changed drastically during the incubation period of endI- minicells, but remained
      unchanged in the endI+ strain. These experiments suggest that the presence of the
      endI- mutation in minicell-producing strain chi1268 leads to a greater loss in M2
      of Hfr DNA conjugally transferred into the minicells.

PMID- 371682
TI  - Genomic integrity of T1 DNA after gamma-and ultraviolet irradiation.
AB  - T1 DNA, gamma-irradiated in the phage particle or irradiated with ultraviolet
      light was checked for structural integrity by kinetics of melting and
      reannealing. gamma-Irradiated DNA differed in all thermokinetic properties by a
      factor of 3-4 from DNA degraded by mechanical or enzymatical treatments.
      Ultraviolet irradiation caused much smaller effects than gamma-irradiation.
      Considering the frequency of pyrimidine dimers in relation to the gamma-ray
      induced lesions, strong evidence can be derived, that in addition to single base
      damages, local denatured regions are produced by gamma-irradiation. Such regions,
      formed possibly by direct absorption of radiation energy in DNA, i.e. by primary
      ionizations, are associated with base lesions and are passed over during
      reannealing.

PMID- 371683
TI  - Inhibition of translation in bacterial and eukaryotic systems by the antibiotic
      anthelmycin (hikizimycin).
AB  - Anthelmycin inhibits protein synthesis on both pro- and eukaryotic ribosomes by
      preventing the peptide bond-forming reaction. The drug is structurally similar to
      certain other 4-aminohexosyl cytosine antibiotics including blasticidin S,
      gougerotin, amicetin and bamicetin although unlike these compounds anthelmycin
      lacks an aminoacyl moiety. It is proposed that anthelmycin inhibits the ribosomal
      peptidyl transferase centre by associating with a site that overlaps the
      (related) ribosomal receptor site(s) for the other four inhibitors.

PMID- 371684
TI  - A purified nucleoprotein fragment of the 30 S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - A '13 S' nucleoprotein fragment was isolated from a nuclease digest of
      Escherichia coli 30-S ribosomal subunits and purified to gel electrophoretic
      homogeneity. It contained two polynucleotides, of about 1.1 . 10(5) and 2.5 .
      10(4) daltons, which separated when the fragment was deproteinized. The major
      protein components were S4, S7 and S9/11, with S15, S16, S18, S19 and S20 present
      in reduced amount.

PMID- 371685
TI  - S1 nuclease as a probe of yeast ribosomal 5 S RNA conformation.
AB  - 5 S RNA was isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in the presence of 32P
      phosphate and digested with nuclease S1, a single-strand specific nuclease. Two
      different procedures were employed to determine the sites of attack on the RNA.
      First, 5 S RNA was isolated from nuclease S1 digests, digested to completion with
      ribonuclease T1, and then 'fingerprinted' by two-dimensional electrophoresis.
      Quantitation of each of the characteristic RNAase T1-derived oligonucleotides was
      employed to determine the relative susceptibility of various regions of the
      molecule to nuclease S1. A second procedure to define nuclease S1-susceptible
      sites in the molecule employed polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic fractionation
      of nuclease S1 digests followed by identification of the nucleotide sequences of
      the released RNA fragments. Both procedures showed that the region of the
      molecule between residues 9 and 60 was most susceptible to nuclease S1, with
      preferential cleavage occurring between residues 12-25 and 50-60. These results
      are discussed in relation to a proposed model for the secondary structure of
      yeast 5 S RNA.

PMID- 371686
TI  - Fatty acid and glycerol labeling of glycerolipids of leukocytes in response to
      ionophore A23187.
AB  - The effect of divalent cation ionophore, A23187, on the incorporation of [1
      14C]palmitic acid, [1-14C]linoleic acid and [U-14C]glycerol into glycerolipids of
      polymorphonulcear leukocytes was examined. Ionophore A23187 stimulated the
      labeling of phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and
      diacylglycerol by both labeled fatty acids and glycerol. [1-14C]Palmitic acid and
      [1-14C]linoleic acid incorporation into phosphatidylcholine and triacylglycerol
      was reduced by the presence of the ionophore in the incubation medium, while [U
      14C]glycerol labeling of these lipids was not significantly changed under
      identical conditions. These data reflect that the acylation of sn-glycerol 3
      phosphate is activated, and the acylations of lysophosphatidyl-choline and
      endogenous diacylglycerol are inhibited in cells incubated with ionophore A23187.
      External calcium was not required for the ionophore effect on the incorporation
      of labeled fatty acids and glycerol. It is suggested that the ionophore alters
      the metabolism of the fatty acid and glycerol moieties of glycerolipids by
      changing the distribution of intracellular calcium of leukocytes.

PMID- 371687
TI  - Isolation of a thiamine-binding protein from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Thiamine-binding protein was isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by successive
      procedures of cold osmotic shock treatment, DEAE-cellulose chromatography and
      ultrafiltration. The purified thiamine-binding protein was an electrophoretically
      homogeneous molecule which appeared to be a glycoprotein with a molecular weight
      of 140 000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. No
      thiamine-binding protein was observed by disc gel electrophoresis in the shock
      fluid released from yeast cells grown in the presence of 1 muM thiamine,
      indicating that the formation of this protein is regulated by exogenous thiamine
      as previously suggested.

PMID- 371688
TI  - The roles of small ions, especially calcium, in virus disassembly, takeover, and
      transformation.
AB  - Three related hypotheses are proposed. (1) Many simple viruses disassemble in the
      act of crossing a membrane, drawing energy from ionic disequilibria across the
      membrane. (2) Many of the metabolic changes early in virus infection are due to
      altered ion fluxes across membranes and the consequently altered ion
      concentrations in cytoplasm. (3) The crucial determinant of the transformed
      phenotype is also a change in ion concentrations. Ca2+ ions may play a major role
      in these effects.

PMID- 371689
TI  - Renal transplantation and viral infections. IV. A survey of herpes simplex virus
      excretion in relation to cellular specific immunity and humoral immunity among
      renal transplant recipients.
AB  - Fourteen renal transplant recipients were screened systematically for HVH virus
      infection, cellular and humoral HVH immunity and general cellular immunity
      evaluated by PHA response. This study demonstrates significant correlation
      between humoral and cellular responses to HVH before graft and virus isolation
      after graft. This virus excretion occurred simultaneously with a PHA response
      peak. Neither significant drops in cellular general or specific HVH immune
      response nor correlation between acute rejection episode and any studied
      parameters were observed.

PMID- 371691
TI  - Indirect hemagglutination using whole mixed antigen for checking toxoplasmosis
      immunity and for serodiagnosis of human toxoplasmosis, compared with
      immunofluorescence.
AB  - The indirect hemagglutination (IHA) is an easy technic for which it is possible
      to get commercial reactifs. This methode should be used often for the
      serodepistage of Toxoplasmosis and control of the immunitry anti-toxoplasmosis.
      We used a technique with total mixed antigen, that was compared with indirect
      immuno-fluorescence (I.F.I.), for 623 human serums. The I.H.A. was used with
      sheep formal hematies and coated with glutaraldehyde, with a total mixed antigen
      prepared from ultra sonicated parasites. This standardised reactive can be kept
      one year at 4 degrees C. We worked with U well micro-titration plates and the
      result is obtained after 2 hours. The I.F.I. technique was made with classical
      methods using Evans blue counter staining. The reproducibility of the I.H.A.,
      during 366 tests was satisfactory. For the control of the immunity anti
      toxoplasmic, the results tallied with both methods in more 95% of cases. Lastly,
      as test of progression, the I.H.A. with total mixed antigen appear an interesting
      way for the early diagnosis of the Toxoplasmosis where the reaction seems to be
      positive as soon as I.F.I.

PMID- 371690
TI  - Cytostatic therapy-induced vomiting inhibited by domperidone. A double-blind
      cross-over study.
AB  - A cross-over double-blind trial was conducted in 14 patients (20 double-blind
      treatment courses) comparing domperidone and placebo in the treatment of vomiting
      due to intensive cytostatic treatment. Eight ml, containing 16 mg of domperidone
      or placebo was injected one hour before the start of cytostatic therapy. The
      efficacy of the drug was evaluated by the investigator and the duration of nausea
      and vomiting was registered in the majority of the patients. Domperidone was
      preferred to placebo 13 times, whereas the reverse preference occurred only
      twice. The duration of both nausea (a median of 11 hours against seven hours) and
      vomiting (a median of 7 1/2 hours against 6 hours) was shorter with domperidone
      than with the placebo.

PMID- 371693
TI  - George William Scott Blair, Co-Editor-In-Chief (November 1959 to December 1978)
      and co-founder of Biorheology: a tribute.

PMID- 371692
TI  - Human interferon production with diploid fibroblast cells grown on microcarriers.
AB  - A variety of diploid human fibroblast lines have been successfully grown to high
      densities (greater than 10(6) cell/ml) on recently developed microcarriers.
      Interferon induction using poly I.poly C and a superinduction procedure resulted
      in yields greater than 10,000 units/ml with one cell line. A direct comparison of
      microcarrier cultures to roller bottle cultures showed equivalent interferon
      yields on a per cell basis and some apparent differences relating to optimum
      inducer concentrations and kinetics of interferon accumulation.

PMID- 371695
TI  - Convocation Address: prospects of biorheology in the future.

PMID- 371694
TI  - Convocation Address: from colloid science to biorheology--a historical
      reminiscence.

PMID- 371696
TI  - Art and biorheology including some autobiographical remarks.

PMID- 371697
TI  - Regulation of differentiation in transformed erythroid cells.
AB  - Murine erythroleukemia cells provide a model for the study of erythropoietic
      differentiation uncoupled from the normal requirement for erythropoietin for cell
      proliferation. Evidence is presented which suggests that differentiation-inducing
      chemicals may have a number of cellular sites of action, including effects at the
      plasma membrane and on chromatin, but a common pathway may include a transient
      delay of the cell cycle in G1, alterations in chromatin structure, and the
      expression of a complex pattern of gene transcription responsible for the program
      of differentiation.

PMID- 371698
TI  - Chronic hypoplastic marrow failure and residual injury.
AB  - An experimental model of chronic marrow failure can be produced in mice by
      treatment with a short course of busulphan. This results in permanent partial
      marrow failure which may later progress and become complete. The underlying
      lesion appears to be stem cell damage which leads to failure of proliferation of
      stem cells and their progeny. Other drugs can produce the same lesion and
      alkylation of DNA may be the mechanism.

PMID- 371699
TI  - The bgJ/bgJ:W/WV bone marrow chimera. A model for studying stem cell regulation.
AB  - In studies with bgJ/bgJ:W/WV chimeric mice, we used the biege neutrophil marker
      as a criterion of of W/WV marrow replacement by implanted bgJ/bg/J stem cells.
      Data from a 50-fold range of inoculum doses and a 2-year period of observation
      indicate a hyperbolic pattern of replacement expressed as a log dose-response
      relationship. The saturating effect with increasing inoculum dose was interpreted
      as reflecting random initial stem cell seeding in bone marrow coupled with a
      decreasing efficiency of colonization by migration. From the statistics of random
      sampling and the exponential decrease of the 63% replacement dose with time, we
      estimate that W/WV marrow contains about 2600 stem cell regulatory volumes of
      about 10(8) mu3 (50 cell diameters) each, a dimension consistent with concepts of
      short-range cell-cell interactions. Our observations suggest that each regulatory
      volume is essentially self-contained and that stem cell migration is generally
      restricted to contiguous volumes.

PMID- 371700
TI  - Reversibility of hematopoietic stem cell direction (not 'commitment') as
      influenced by the microenvironment.
AB  - The 7-day colony types (E vs. G) formed in irradiated recipient spleens and bones
      by donor cells from adult bone marrow and spleen and early fetal liver were
      examined. Both direct and sequential transplant (retransplantation shortly after
      lodgment) experiments were carried out. It was found that recipient spleen
      receiving donor bone marrow, spleen or fetal liver developed significantly higher
      E/G ratios in that order, but that the E/G for colonies in recipient bones
      remained around 1. This led to the following conclusions concerning differences
      in the proportion of E or G colonies formed in recipient spleens and bones: (1)
      selective lodgment of 'committed' CFU-S does not occur; (2) selected repression
      or stimulation of 'committed' CFU-S does not occur; and (3) the findings are best
      explained by a condition of reversible directedness present in many or all
      transplantable pluripotent stem cells.

PMID- 371701
TI  - Analysis of erythropoiesis by erythroid colony formation in culture.
AB  - The development of clonal assays for hemopoietic progenitors has provided new
      tools for the analysis of normal and abnormal cell regulation. Such assays have
      been applied to erythropoiesis and have demonstrated classes of precursors which
      differ significantly in their growth potential, physical characteristics, and
      sensitivity to the hormone, erythropoietin. A formal geneology of these classes
      has been established and insight into the factors that regulate the numbers of
      the classes provided by studies in anemic and polycythemic animals. The results
      suggest that commitment to the earliest erythroid progenitors recognizable in
      culture is not controlled by erythropoietin, whereas the most differentiated
      elements demonstrate a requirement for the hormone for their maintenance.
      Recognition of differences in the factors that control erythroid differentiation
      predict that a variety of mechanisms will be found to account for different forms
      of erythroid failure in man.

PMID- 371702
TI  - Frequency-dependent control of nutritional and nonnutritional circuits in the dog
      paw.
AB  - The neural control of blood flow and volume distribution between parallel
      nutritional and nonnutritional circuits has been investigated in 13 vascularly
      and neurally isolated dog hindpaws. The superficial and deep fibular nerves and
      the tibial nerve were cut and individually stimulated at frequencies of 0.1, 1,
      5, 10 and 15 Hz. Increasing stimulation rates to each nerve progressively
      increased blood flow resistance. Vascular volume changes were determined by
      indicator dilution and tissue volume changes by plethysmography. The permeability
      surface area product of 86Rb (PS) and the capillary filtration coefficient (CFC)
      were determined. Superficial fibular nerve and deep fibular nerve stimulations
      caused progressively increased nonnutritional circuit constriction with
      increasing stimulation frequencies resulting in blood flow redistribution to the
      nutritional circuit as evidenced by increasing PS and CFC values. Tibial nerve
      stimulation at 0.1 Hz caused nonnutritional circuit constriction and blood flow
      redistribution to the nutritional circuit (PS and CFC increased). As the
      stimulation frequency was increased, there was progressive increase of the
      nutritional circuit constriction and altered blood flow distribution; i.e., CFC
      and PS decreased with increasing frequency of stimulation, presumably due to
      predominantly arterial segment resistance increase.

PMID- 371703
TI  - [History of anatomy in Lyon].
AB  - 1. We know very little concerning the teaching of anatomy during the Middle Ages.
      Only two authors, who both came to live in Lyon, Lanfranc and Guy de Chauliac,
      wrote on the subject. On the other hand, the important development of printing in
      Lyon from the sixteenth century onwards, made it possible to spread the
      translations of classic works and most of the books on Anatomy of the
      Renaissance. 2. However, Lyonese Anatomy developed very slowly because hospital
      training was more often badly organized. The only true supporter of Anatomy has
      been Marc Antoine Petit, chief surgeon of the Hotel-Dieu before the French
      Revolution. 3. Apart from the parallel but only transient teaching of the Royal
      College of Surgery, one will have to wait for the creation of an official
      teaching first assumed by "schools" (secondary school and preparatory school) and
      finally by the Faculty of Medicine created in 1877. The names of Testut and of
      Latarjet contributed to the reknown of the Faculty of Medicine by their
      anatomical studies of great value for several generations of students. 4.
      Recently the Faculty of Medicine has been divided into four "universities". The
      new buildings are larger. The "gift of corpses" has brought a remedy to the
      shortage of the last twenty years. Anatomical research can be pursued thanks to
      micro-anatomy and bio-mechanics while conventional teaching is completed by
      dissection.

PMID- 371704
TI  - [Phase contrast microscopy studies of the urine of newborn infants].
AB  - Phase contrast microscopy allows a much better identification of the urinary
      sediment constituents than conventional bright field microscopy. The urinary
      sediment of 100 neonates admitted in a care unit has been examined by phase
      contrast microscopy. In all cases, squamous cells are far more numerous in
      newborn girls than in boys. An important rate of abnormal sediments has been
      observed: in 40 patients cytologic symptoms of renal ischaemia have been observed
      (hyaline or granulous casts and renal tubular cells, but red blood cells are
      uncommon). Numerous uric acid cristals were persent in 22 newborns, in
      correlation with a prolonged perinatal hypoxia. A considerable bacteriuria was
      seen in 21 neonates, without concomitant leucocyturia. In conclusion, only 20% of
      the investigated neonates had a normal urinary sediment.

PMID- 371705
TI  - [Wilhelm Bernhard, 1920-1978].

PMID- 371706
TI  - [Kinetics of cell proliferation and cancer: introduction (author's transl)].
AB  - Research in the kinetics of cell proliferation directly interests oncologists for
      fundamental and pragmatic reasons. Since cancer is a perturbation of the control
      of cell proliferation and differentiation, such research may help to understand,
      the regulation mechanisms, in particular the role of microenvironment, of long
      range humoral factors, and of membrane site receptors. Furthermore the kinetics
      of cell proliferation in a normal tissue, or a tumour, influences its response to
      radiation or drugs. From this evolves the practical interest in research on
      hemopoietic tissues and on human and experimental tumors. Finally, the growth
      kinetics of human tumors explain their natural history and opens prospects for
      the treatment of intraclinical neoplastic disease and metastasis.

PMID- 371707
TI  - In vitro cloning of hemopoietic cells.
AB  - Semisolid cloning systems are now available to detect the specific progenitor
      cells of neutrophilmacrophages, eosinophils, megakaryocytes and erythroid cells.
      Colony proliferation in vitro with the production of mature progeny requires
      stimulation by glycoprotein regulators specific for each hemopoietic class. Two
      of these, erythropoietin and GM-CSF have been purified. A new cloning system has
      been developed using spleen conditioned medium that detects multipotential
      hemopoietic cells in the mouse.

PMID- 371708
TI  - Clonal expansion and progression in acute myeloblastic leukemia.
AB  - Diseaes originating in pluripotent stem cells, then developing through clonal
      expansion and clonal progression may properly be grouped together because of
      their common features. Among these, AML appears to be unique by reason of the
      presence within the clone of a blast cell population. Studies of cellular
      composition and regulation in AML clones require assays that measure not only
      myelopoiesis but also blast cell proliferation. The relation of the blast
      population to other components of AML clones remains uncertain. Resolution of the
      uncertainty is important in considering therapeutic strategies.

PMID- 371709
TI  - The growth and therapeutic response of human tumours in immune deficient mice.
AB  - The development of techniques for growing human tumours in immune-deficient mice
      is reviewed. In a compilation of success-rates in grafting a series of types of
      human tumour into a variety of recipients there is evidence for different levels
      of success among the tumour types but little firm information on the comparative
      receptivity of different hosts. Adenocarcinomas, particularly of the colon, have
      done well, as have melanomas and some tumours of the nervous system. Breast
      carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and various sarcomas have transplanted
      poorly. Human tumour xenografts have been found to maintain the histological
      characteristics of the parent tumour and in some cases hormone production and
      hormone dependance have also been maintained. Evidence is accumulating on the
      maintainance of therapeutic sensitivity of the tumours.

PMID- 371710
TI  - [Clinical testing of the radiosensitizer RO-07-0582 (misonidazole). Dose
      tolerance, toxicity and pharmacokinetic studies, preliminary report (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 371711
TI  - W.D. Miller and the "chemico-parasitic" theory of dental caries.

PMID- 371712
TI  - The dental aspects of the Compsitiones Medicamentorum of Scribonius Largus: a
      glimpse of dental treatment in the 1st century A.D.

PMID- 371713
TI  - A history of porcelain in dentistry.

PMID- 371714
TI  - Milestones and millstones of the American Academy of the History of Dentistry
      after a quarter-century.

PMID- 371716
TI  - Oddments in dental history: the deathbed treatment of President Washington.

PMID- 371715
TI  - French dentists and their contributions to colonial American dentistry.

PMID- 371717
TI  - [A statistical study on denture prosthetics (Part 2) (author's transl)].

PMID- 371718
TI  - [A statistical observation of crown and bridge restorations (author's transl)].

PMID- 371719
TI  - [A case in which two types attachment of two types (author's transl)].

PMID- 371720
TI  - Use of on-line bibliographic retrieval services in health sciences libraries in
      the United States and Canada.
AB  - This paper reports the major findings of a questionnaire sent to the 708 U. S.
      and Canadian institutions which were using the National Library of Medicine's
      search services as of November 1977. Development of the National Library of
      Medicine (NLM) on-line network is traced characterizes type of institution, use
      of NLM and non-NLM data bases, operational service patterns, staffing levels, fee
      for-service policies, and perceived impact.

PMID- 371721
TI  - Searching the MEDLARS file on NLM and BRS a comparative study.
AB  - A comparison of the MEDLARS data base as it is currently available from the
      National Library of Medicine and Bibliographic Retrieval Services (BRS), Inc., is
      presented in chart format, and some major capability differences between the two
      systems are highlighted. The information inlcuded justifies the dual availability
      of the data base in health sciences libraries. This paper is intended for
      searchers and others familiar with one or both systems. Administrators
      considering the acquisition of the BRS system may find the study useful.

PMID- 371722
TI  - Training at the postgraduate level for medical librarians: a review.
AB  - Postgraduate education for medical librarians is approachable from several
      perspectives, including internships, certificate programs, and continuing
      education programs. The diverse population of medical library personnel calls for
      a varied yet coordinated system of postgraduate education involving the Medical
      Library Association, regional medical libraries, library schools, and the
      National Library of Medical, in addition to active participation by all
      librarians in the health sciences field. Basic philosophies for each of the major
      types of programs are discussed and recommendations for future training of health
      sciences librarians are provided.

PMID- 371723
TI  - [Notes on the life and work of Professor R. Debre, foreign honorary member].

PMID- 371724
TI  - [Joint replacements. Evaluation of the hip].

PMID- 371725
TI  - How valuable are free flaps? An early look at their results compared with those
      of standard pedicled flaps.

PMID- 371726
TI  - A free dorsalis pedis flap from the other foot combined with a dorsalis pedis
      pedicle flap from the same foot to close foot ulcers.

PMID- 371728
TI  - Gillies: mastermind of modern plastic surgery.

PMID- 371727
TI  - Foreign material in the capsules around breast prostheses and the cellular
      reaction to it.
AB  - Thirteen capsules which had formed around breast prostheses were examined, using
      the technique of splitting the capsule wall. A foreign material in droplet form
      was present in all the capsules. The foreign material was taken up by phagocytes,
      and the cytological evidence is that it has cytotoxic activity. It was shown that
      the material migrates to the vessels in the outer layer of the capsule and may
      reach the lumen of those vessels. On the basis of the microscopic appearance and
      the results of infrared spectrum analysis, the foreign material in the capsules
      was assumed to be silicone.

PMID- 371729
TI  - Primary inset of tubed pedicle flaps on amputated stumps of fingers.

PMID- 371731
TI  - Reading about...Depression--clinical aspects.

PMID- 371732
TI  - Sodium valproate and tardive dyskinesia.

PMID- 371730
TI  - Prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin I2 and the vascular changes of inflammation.
AB  - 1. Plasma exudation and blood flow changes induced by intradermal injection of
      prostaglandins E2 (PGE2), I2 (PG12), D2 (PGD2) and F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) were
      measured in rabbit dorsal skin by the use of [131I]-albumin and 133Xe. 2. Little
      plasma exudation was produced by any of the prostaglandins when injected alone.
      3. Both PGE2 and PGI2 were potent at increasing blood flow, whereas PGF2 alpha
      and PGD2 produced an increase only at high doses. 4. All of the prostaglandins
      studied potentiated the plasma exudation induced by bradykinin. PGE2 and PGI2 had
      similar potent potentiating activity, whereas PGD2 and PGF2 alpha had activity at
      doses too high to be of biological significance. 5. Intradermal injections of
      arachidonate alone resulted in little plasma exudation but produced an increase
      in blood flow. Arachidonate potentiated bradykinin-induced plasma exudation. 6.
      Locally-injected indomethacin had no effect on basal blood flow and little effect
      on the exudation produced by bradykinin, but indomethacin did inhibit the
      vasodilatation and exudation potentiation produced by arachidonate. 7. PGE2 and
      PGI2 had similar potency in producing marked potentiation of plasma exudation
      induced by intradermal injection of zymosan. 8. In the reaction to zymosan, it is
      concluded that vasodilatation is the result of the release of arachidonate, which
      is subsequently coverted to either PGE2 or PGI2. These substances regulate the
      plasma exudation induced by independently-released vascular permeability
      increasing mediators.

PMID- 371734
TI  - Artefacts in CT scanning.

PMID- 371733
TI  - Pain in peripheral arteriography-a comparison of a low osmolality contrast medium
      with a conventional compound.
AB  - The pain reaction to a new low osmolality contrast agent, sodium-methyl-glucamine
      ioxaglate, in comparison to the conventional compound methylglucamine
      ioxitalamate was tested and statistically evaluated in 12 patients using the
      visual analogue scale method. The intensity of pain experienced was significantly
      smaller following intra-arterial injection of the compound of low osmolality as
      compared to the conventional contrast agent.

PMID- 371735
TI  - Alterations in the manuscript of Rontgen's publication "Ueber eine neue Art von
      Strahlen" (1895)

PMID- 371736
TI  - Radiation effects on pre-natal development and their radiological significance.
AB  - The evidence relating to pre-natal radiation exposure and the subsequent
      occurrence of malformations and cancer suggests that the overall risk lies in the
      range 0--1 cases per 1000 irradiated by one rad in utero in the first four months
      of pregnancy. The natural level of occurrence of serious handicaps in average
      pregnancies is at least 30 times higher. Is the much lower probability of
      radiation-induced harm sufficiently high to justify (a) concern when a woman who
      has been irradiated is found to have been pregnant at that time, or (b) the
      maintenance of restrictions on medical uses of ionizing radiation in women in the
      reproductive age, such as the ten day rule?

PMID- 371737
TI  - A prospective randomized trial of vagotomy in chronic duodenal ulceration.
AB  - In a prospective, randomized trial, 76 patients with duodenal ulceration treated
      by truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty were compared with 77 patients who underwent
      highly selective vagotomy. A total of 149 patients was followed up for from 1 to
      4 years, the average follow-up period being 2.6 years. There was no operative
      mortality and no significant difference in postoperative morbidity between the
      two groups. The incidence of recurrent ulceration was greater after highly
      selective vagotomy, but this difference was not statistically significant. The
      clinical results were comparable in each group, and although the incidence of
      diarrhoea and dumping was greater after vagotomy and pyloroplasty, this
      difference was not statistically significant.

PMID- 371738
TI  - Interrelations between serum gastrin levels, gastric emptying and acid output
      before and after proximal gastric vagotomy and truncal vagotomy and antrectomy.
AB  - In a prospective study of proximal gastric vagotomy and truncal vagotomy and
      antrectomy measurements were made, before and after operation, of acid output,
      gastrin output and gastric emptying of a solid and a liquid meat extract meal. No
      relationships were demonstrable between acid output and gastrin output. Truncal
      vagotomy and antrectomy (TVA) produced rapid early emptying of both meals
      combined with gross prolongation of the overall emptying of the solid meal.
      Truncal vagotomy and antrectomy reduced the intergrated gastrin output after
      either meal. Proximal gastric vagotomy (PGV) produced rapid early emptying of the
      liquid meal with no alteration in the early emptying of the solid meal; however,
      overall solid meal emptying was delayed. Proximal gastric vagotomy increased
      basal, peak and integrated gastrin output. In preoperative patients slow solid
      meal emptying was associated with higher gastrin output but after PGV the reverse
      was found, the slowest emptiers having the lowest gastrin output. These findings
      do not support the contention that a pyloroplasty should be added to PGV to
      reduce the hypergastrinaemia produced by the operation.

PMID- 371740
TI  - The value of different forms of treatment for varicose veins.

PMID- 371739
TI  - Scalp and cranial substitution with autotransplanted greater omentum using
      microvascular anastomosis.
AB  - A case is described whereby a large defect of scalp and cranium was successfully
      covered using autotransplanted greater omentum, revascularized by microsurgical
      techniques.

PMID- 371741
TI  - Randomized controlled trial of cefuroxime for established postoperative
      respiratory infection.
AB  - A randomized controlled trial has investigated the value of cefuroxime (a new
      antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase) in 80 patients with established
      postoperative respiratory infection. Although the majority of respiratory
      isolates were sensitive to cefuroxime, there was no significant advantage in the
      antibiotic group compared with the controls with respect to duration of fever,
      radiological abnormality or infected sputum. We conclude that antibiotics are
      rarely necessary for the majority of patients who develop postoperative
      respiratory infections.

PMID- 371742
TI  - The use of metronidazole in the preparation of the bowel for surgery.
AB  - A randomized trial was carried out in 120 patients undergoing colonic surgery
      mainly for carcinoma. Sixty-one patients received metronidazole and Thalazole and
      59 received Thalazole alone. Sepsis occurred in 8 (13.1 per cent) of the 61
      patients who received metronidazole, compared with 29 (49.2 per cent) of 59
      patients who received only Thalazole. Of the 8 patients with sepsis who received
      metronidazole, none had infection due to anaerobic organisms.

PMID- 371743
TI  - One-dose antibiotic prophylaxis against wound infection after appendicectomy: a
      randomized trial of clindamycin, cefazolin sodium and a placebo.
AB  - Two hundred and fifty patients were admitted to a prospective randomized trial of
      single dosage prophylaxis against wound infection after appendicectomy. There
      were 12 exclusions, 72 patients received placebo, 81 received 600 mg i.m.
      clindamycin phosphate and 85 received 1 1 g i.m. cefazolin sodium, the agent
      being given in the anaesthetic room. Clindamycin produced a significant reduction
      in the overall rate of wound infection from 33 per cent in the controls to 17 per
      cent. In cases with a gangrenous or perforated appendix the infection rate in
      controls was 78 per cent; this was reduced to 44 per cent by a single dose of
      clindamycin. Cefazolin significantly reduced the number of aerobic organisms
      isolated from wound infections, but did not significantly reduce the incidence of
      wound infection. We conclude that anaerobic organisms are more important than
      faecal aerobic organisms in the pathogenesis of wound infection after
      appendicectomy.

PMID- 371744
TI  - Kidney transplants, doctors, and the media.

PMID- 371745
TI  - Diagnosis of gonorrhoea in women.
AB  - The results of Gram stains and cultures from 145 women with uncomplicated ano
      genital gonorrhoea are presented. The site which gave the highest yield of
      gonococci was the cervix. Equally good results were obtained with Stuart's
      transport medium and direct plating in the clinic. Positive results from rectal
      specimens alone were obtained from 8.4% of the 119 women in whom the rectum was
      examined. In 89 women the results of rectal specimens taken through a proctoscope
      were compared with those of swabs passed blindly up the anal canal. When Stuart's
      transport medium was used swabs taken through a proctoscope gave better results
      than the swabs taken blindly; the latter gave more positive results when direct
      plating was used. Thus when Stuart's medium is used a proctoscope is essential
      for the collection of rectal samples. Up to three sets of investigations were
      carried out where necessary, but 95% of the 145 cases were diagnosed on the
      results of the first set. However, only 54% of those patients diagnosed at their
      first visit had positive Gram-stain results. Further refinement of culture
      results is unlikely to improve diagnostic yield; what is needed is better, rapid
      diagnosis in the clinic.

PMID- 371746
TI  - Treatment of nongonococcal urethritis with rifampicin as a means of defining the
      role of Ureaplasma urealyticum.
AB  - The results of a double-blind therapeutic trial on 217 men with nongonococcal
      urethritis (NGU) show that minocycline was more effective than rifampicin. Before
      treatment Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from 43% of men, Ureaplasma
      urealyticum from 59%, and Mycoplasma hominis from 22%. Chlamydiae and ureaplasmas
      were isolated less frequently from men with a recent history of NGU. Minocycline
      was given to 94 patients, and after treatment chlamydiae were isolated from only
      one of 40 initially chlamydia-positive patients and ureaplasmas from only five of
      57 initially ureaplasma-positive patients. Although most patients responded
      clinically, failure and partial recovery rather than complete recovery were
      observed more often among those who were infected with ureaplasmas. Rifampicin
      was given to 123 patients, after which chlamydiae were isolated from only one of
      53 initially chlamydia-positive men whereas ureaplasmas, insensitive to the
      antibiotic in vitro, were isolated from 55 of 68 men who had initially positive
      results. Patients infected with ureaplasmas failed to respond to rifampicin
      treatment significantly more often than those who were not infected. This was
      also observed when only patients who had never had NGU or who had not had a
      recent episode were considered. Furthermore, 24 (44%) of the 55 men whose
      ureaplasmas persisted failed to recover whereas only one (7.7%) of 13 men whose
      ureaplasmas disappeared did not respond to treatment. These results suggested
      that ureaplasmas were a cause of urethritis in some of the men (an estimated 10%
      at least). In addition, Reiter's disease developed in two men treated with
      rifampicin from whom only ureaplasmas had been isolated initially. M. hominis did
      not seem to have an important pathogenic role in NGU and there was evidence that
      ureaplasmas were an unlikely cause of urethritis in some men since the organisms
      persisted despite complete clinical recovery.

PMID- 371747
TI  - Factors affecting the frequency of isolating Streptococcus agalactiae from herd
      milk supplies and the control of the organism in the dairy herd.

PMID- 371748
TI  - Colonization of the bovine teat duct following inoculation with Staphylococcus
      aureus and Escherichia coli.

PMID- 371749
TI  - The epidemiology and pathogenesis of experimental Staphylococcal and coliform
      mastitis in the mouse.

PMID- 371750
TI  - A rose by any other name... on 'naming of neurones' by Rowe and Stone.
AB  - Rowe and Stone dispose of descriptive terminologies for retinal units as
      'essentialist' and argue for a 'neutral' multifactorial system redefined from
      previous W, X. Y nomenclatures. It is argued here that descriptive terminology
      need not be either essentialist or undesirable and that the W, X, Y terminology
      is too confused with false associations to be satisfactory. The synthetic power
      of the W, X, Y nomenclature was lost with the discovery of concentric W cell
      receptive fields, the projection of the W cells to the LGN and the suggestion of
      overlap between X and W conduction velocity groups. It was made methodologically
      unsound by its employment for the naming of Nissl stained soma classes before the
      identity of individual somas with the physiological entities can be demonstrated.
      Although now redefined, the identity of symbols in the several vintages of the W,
      X, Y system leads to inevitable confusion. The current tripartite division of a
      multidimensional quality space without cluster analysis is not neutral because it
      emphasises conduction velocity but represses the diversity of W receptive fields.
      The concise, apt and memorable descriptive receptive field terminologies are more
      desirable in that they are operationally based and approximate the unit's
      transfer function--the parameter most significant to the central nervous system
      in its information processing task; thus they are more suited for cross species
      comparison because of a probably bountiful source of functional hypotheses. The
      lack of taxonomic neutrality in the W, X, Y system has recently been emphasised
      by its failure to adequately classify rabbit retinal receptive field categories.

PMID- 371751
TI  - Biochemical and immunological characterization of neurofilaments in experimental
      neurofibrillary degeneration induced by aluminum.
AB  - In order to identify the protein composition of 10 nm neuronal filaments, we
      prepared enriched fractions of rabbit spinal neurons undergoing experimental
      neurofilamentous degeneration induced by aluminum. Electron microscopy of the
      isolated perikarya showed well-preserved, large perinuclear masses of
      neurofilaments, which were not found in similarly isolated control perikarya.
      Comparison of these glial-free fractions by SDS-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis revealed several-fold augmentation in the filament-enriched
      neurons of proteins migrating at 68,000 and 160,000 daltons, with an additional
      component at 200,000 daltons. Otherwise, the protein patterns were identical; no
      band was found at 51,000 daltons, the molecular weight assigned to the major
      proteins both of glial filaments and of a previously reported bovine brain
      filament preparation. An antiserum raised against the 160,000 dalton component of
      a modified bovine brain filament fraction produced specific and intense
      fluorescent staining of the aluminum-induced neurofilament bundles. Antibodies to
      the 51,000 dalton protein of brain filaments and to tubulin failed to stain the
      induced filaments. The results strongly support the hypothesis that both normal
      and aluminum-induced neuronal filaments are composed of 68,000, 160,000 and
      200,000 dalton polypeptides and do not contain significant amounts of the 51,000
      dalton filament protein. The likelihood of biochemical heterogeneity among
      organelles with similar morphology, namely the glial and neuronal filaments, is
      raised.

PMID- 371752
TI  - Astroglia-specific protein (GFA) in clonal cell lines derived from the G26 mouse
      glioma.

PMID- 371753
TI  - Complmentarity of dopaminergic and noradrenergic innervation in anterior
      cingulate cortex of the rat.

PMID- 371754
TI  - Iontophoretic studies of some trace amines in the mammalian CNS.

PMID- 371755
TI  - Studies on cultured rat Schwann cells. I. Establishment of purified populations
      from cultures of peripheral nerve.
AB  - We have previously reported that in dissociated cultures of neonatal rat sciatic
      nerve, all of the cells could be identified by indirect immunofluorescence with
      two antisera to cell surface antigens. The Schwann cells, but not the
      fibroblasts, expressed the Ran-1 antigen, while the fibroblasts, but not the
      Schwann cells, expressed the Thy-1 antigen. We have exploited this difference to
      derive pure populations of Schwann cells. A combination of [3H]thymidine
      autoradiography and immunofluorescence marking showed that in Modified Eagle's
      Medium with 10% foetal calf serum, the Schwann cells divided slowly while the
      fibroblasts divided rapidly. Accordingly, two day old cultures were exposed to
      cytosine arabinoside to select against the fibroblasts, followed by growth in
      medium containing an extract of bovine pituitary which stimulated division of the
      Schwann cells. After 7 days the confluent cultures, which contained 80-90%
      Schwann cells, were passaged after treatment in suspension with antiserum to Thy
      1 and rabbit complement. After continued growth in medium with pituitary extract,
      the secondary cultures contained greater than 99.5% Schwann cells. These purified
      populations have been maintained in culture for as long as 150 days (6 passages)
      and retained the Ran-1 marker. The cultured Schwann cells expressed the S100
      antigen, as shown by indirect immunofluorescence and complement fixation, and
      receptors for cholera toxin. They did not express the large external
      transformation sensitive protein, the glial fibrillary acidic protein, or
      receptors for tetanus toxin.

PMID- 371756
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistant Professor Jan Drgonec, C.Sc].

PMID- 371758
TI  - The philosophy & technic of the overdenture. The eighth of a series. Immediate
      twin denture service in normal or overdenture situations.

PMID- 371757
TI  - [Acute articular rheumatism].

PMID- 371759
TI  - The philosophy & technic of the simplified immediate overdenture. The fifth of a
      series.

PMID- 371760
TI  - Relaxation by vocal pre-sedation in dentistry.

PMID- 371761
TI  - The centuries-old song of the drill.

PMID- 371762
TI  - A syncytium regression test to detect antibodies to bovine syncytial virus.
AB  - A test to detect antibodies to bovine syncytial virus was developed from the
      observation that syncytia in monolayer cell cultures infected with bovine
      syncytial virus regress and disappear in the presence of bovine syncytial virus
      antibodies. The test is useful in monitoring the presence of bovine syncytial
      virus and bovine syncytial virus antibodies in cattle used in studies on bovine
      leukosis.

PMID- 371763
TI  - Permeability properties of swine small intestine: effect of a heat stable
      Escherichia coli enterotoxin.
AB  - The permeability of weanling swine small intestine was estimated using
      measurements of filtration coefficients and equivalent pore size. Hypertonic
      solutions of mannitol, erythritol and urea were used to calculate reflection
      coefficients in the duodenum, mid jejunum and distal jejunum. Estimated effective
      pore radius was 6.4-7.4, 5.6-7.2 and 4.7-4.9A degrees in the three respective
      regions. Similarly the filtration coefficient induced by hypertonic solutions of
      mannitol decreased significantly in the distal jejunal segments. The results show
      an aboral gradient of decreasing permeability along the small intestine of the
      weanling pig. In situ incubation of loops in the proximal jejunum with a heat
      stable Escherichia coli enterotoxin for one hour did not significantly change the
      effective pore size as calculated from reflection coefficients of hypertonic
      solutions of erythritol and urea. However, the filtration coefficients of loops
      exposed to the enterotoxin were significantly greater than control loops with
      hypertonic solutions of erythritol and urea but not mannitol. This suggests the
      occurrence of a slight reduction in epithelial porosity. The results support the
      hypothesis that intestinal secretion induced by heat stable E. coli enterotoxin
      is not the result of an increased mucosal permeability.

PMID- 371764
TI  - Humoral and cell-mediated immune response to crude antigens of Dermatophilus
      congolensis during experimental infection of rabbits.
AB  - Rabbits were infected with Dermatophilus congolensis and tested for humoral
      immune response by indirect haemagglutination and for cell-mediated immune
      response to crude antigens of D. congolensis. Lymphocyte transformation and
      macrophage migration inhibition assays were used as in vitro correlates of cell
      mediated immune response while cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity was used in
      vivo. Endo-antigen and whole cell antigen were found to significantly induce cell
      mediated immune response. In contrast, humoral responses were found to be more
      significantly induced by exo-antigen. A biphasic immune response was revealed by
      the lymphocyte transformation test.

PMID- 371765
TI  - Electrogenic amino acid transport.

PMID- 371766
TI  - Copper inhibits pressor responses to noradrenaline but not potassium.
      Interactions with prostaglandins E1, E2, and I2 and penicillamine.
AB  - Low concentrations of copper inhibited responses to norepinephrine and
      angiotensin (IC50 3 X 10(-6) M) but not to potassium in rat mesenteric vascular
      preparations perfused either with buffer or indomethacin and prostaglandin
      (PGE2). The dose-response curve was not shifted by indomethacin, imidazole, or
      PGE2 but was moved to the right by 2.8 X 10(-11) M PGE1 and to the left by 2.8 X
      10(-7) M PGE1. These effects of copper are similar to the effects of PGI2 in the
      preparation. Copper moved the PGI2 dose-response curve against noradrenaline in
      parallel to the left, suggesting that the two were interacting at some point.
      Penicillamine, which may stimulate PGE1 synthesis, had PGE1-like interactions
      with the copper effect, suggesting that its value in Wilson's disease may be
      partly due to antagonism of the biological action of copper as well as to its
      copper-chelating properties.

PMID- 371767
TI  - Increased in vitro sensitivity of Candida albicans to amphotericin B when grown
      in mixed culture with Escherichia coli.
AB  - The growth of Candida albicans was inhibited by some Escherichia coli strains
      both in conventional batch cultures and also in a chemostat under conditions of
      constant addition of fresh medium. Concentrations of 0.2 microgram amphotericin B
      per millilitre and of 2 microgram nystatin per millilitre, which caused a slight
      inhibition of C. albicans in pure culture, exerted a strong fungicidal effect
      when the yeast was placed in mixed cultures with certain strains of E. coli.
      Candida albicans cells, inhibited by either E. coli or in mixed culture with
      polyene antibiotics, appeared larger and less uniformly stained by acridine
      orange than control cells from pure cultures. Addition of chloramphenicol to the
      mixed cultures, in quantities sufficient to kill the E. coli cells, abolished the
      increased sensitivity of C. albicans to amphotericin B or nystatin. In
      preliminary in vivo tests, E. coli did not sensitize C. albicans to the polyene
      antibiotics.

PMID- 371768
TI  - Organ distribution and viability of Candida albicans in noncancerous and tumor
      bearing (Lewis lung carcinoma) mice.

PMID- 371769
TI  - Enterobacteriaceae in ground meats.

PMID- 371770
TI  - Single-cell studies on the carrier state of bacteriophage IKe, a virus specific
      for conjugative plasmids of the N incompatibility and conjugative group.

PMID- 371771
TI  - Endotoxin in germfree, gnotobiotic, or conventional-flora Sprague-Dawley rats.
AB  - The Limulus assay for bacterial endotoxin was performed on serum and (or) plasma
      from animals monoassociated with Clostridium species, Staphylococcus aureus,
      Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter agglomerans, Bacteroides
      fragilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, or Candida albicans. Plasma from animals
      monoassociated with the gram-negative bacteria or C. albicans consistently showed
      a positive Limulus test while conventional-flora controls, germfree rats, and
      gnotobiotic animals monoassociated with gram-positive bacteria or E. agglomerans
      were negative. Germfree and conventional rats were injected (intraperitoneal
      (i.p.)) with Salmonella typhosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Although no endotoxin
      was detectable in either group prior to the injection, by 1 h post injection
      endotoxin was in the plasma of all groups. The germfree rats appeared to clear
      the LPS quicker than their conventional-flora counterparts. Generally, LPS
      injected rats (conventional and germfree) showed clumping and decreased number of
      platelets, a decrease in their lymphocyte counts, and increased polymorphonuclear
      leukocyte (PMN) counts.

PMID- 371772
TI  - Factors influencing the in vivo stability of L-serine deaminase activity in E.
      coli K12.
AB  - L-Serine deaminase (L-SD) is unstable in intact cells of Escherichia coli K12.
      The extent of this instability is dependent on the nitrogen content of the medium
      in which the enzyme is synthesized, and on that in which it is tested. Enzyme
      activity in cells grown with an inorganic nitrogen source is unstable in the
      presence of inorganic nitrogen; enzyme activity in cells grown with an organic
      nitrogen source is unstable in the presence of the amino acids glycine and
      leucine.

PMID- 371773
TI  - Sporulation in single-spore isolates from amitrole-induced multispored asci of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Amitrole treatment causes multispored ascus production by cells of a yeast strain
      whose asci normally contain two diploid spores. Single spores were isolated from
      asci containing two to eight spores and their ability to germinate was
      determined. Cells in colonies grown from single spores sporulated in the same
      manner as the parent strain indicating that amitrole had not induced meiotic
      division in the developing asci.

PMID- 371774
TI  - Regulation of extracellular protease formation by Serratia marcescens.
AB  - Heavy cell suspensions of Serratia marcescens, when grown in gelatin-containing
      media, produce extracellular proteases which increase in specific activity in a
      linear fashion for 3 to 4h. During partial purification, a single peak of
      proteolytic activity was demonstrated by Sephadex G-100 chromatography. However,
      electrophoresis using 5% polyacrylamide gels discloses three proteolytically
      active bands. Evidence in favor of gelatin acting as an inducer of the
      'proteolytic system' was provided by two observations. First, proteolytic
      activity is only present in media containing gelatin. Secondly, the addition of
      10(-4) M rifampicin to cells growing in gelatin-containing medium plus an
      additional carbon source inhibits protease activity totally, but has no effect on
      growth. When glycerol is added to a growing cell suspension in gelatin-containing
      medium, growth increases, but protease specific activity decreases. This
      'glycerol effect' is not due to an accumulation of active or inactive enzyme in
      association with the cell, nor to a decrease in the total number of proteases
      synthesized. Rather, glycerol, as other utilizable carbohydrates, exerts a
      repression which can be eliminated by 5 mM dibutyryl cyclic AMP.

PMID- 371775
TI  - Synthesis and excretion of polygalacturonic acid trans-eliminase in Erwinia,
      Yersinia, and Klebsiella species.

PMID- 371776
TI  - Cancer immunotherapy.
AB  - Important contributions that stimulated studies in cancer immunotherapy included:
      (1) the discovery of tumour-associated antigens; (2) the observation that
      infection with bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in animals was protective against
      tumour challenge; and (3) the observation that immunodepression due either to
      malignant disease or to treatment of the disease, was, in some instances, related
      to prognosis. Immunotherapy trials with microbial agents have involved attempts
      to obtain a local effect by injecting the agent into the tumour or into the
      region of the tumour and to obtain a "systemic" effect distant from the site of
      injection. Trials with active specific immunotherapy involving tumour cells or
      tumour cell extracts have frequently involved the combination of these specific
      agents with a nonspecific adjuvant such as BCG. Recent studies with thymosin and
      levamisole in patients with lung cancer and other types of malignant disease have
      shown prolonged survival in the groups receiving immunotherapy.

PMID- 371777
TI  - Recent advances in drug therapy for epilepsy.
AB  - Recent advances in drug therapy for epilepsy have contributed to the reduction in
      the proportion of persons whose epilepsy is uncontrolled. New knowledge of the
      pharmacokinetics of phenytoin has led to a better understanding of the drug's
      bioavailability and uses. Carbamazepine has recently been introduced for the
      treatment of generalized tonic-clonic and partial seizures. Clonazepam has been
      found of particular benefit in the treatment of absence and myoclonic seizures.
      Valproic acid is a promising antiepileptic drug with broad-spectrum activity, and
      is particularly useful in the treatment of absence and myoclonic seizures,
      although further clinical experience is required before it can supplant
      ethosuximide as the preferred drug for the treatment of absence seizures.
      Monitoring of the plasma concentration of antiepileptic drugs has added greatly
      to the achievement of optimal drug therapy and the prevention of toxic effects.

PMID- 371778
TI  - Incoming CMA President Dr. D. L. Wilson has well-honed skills in administration
      and politics.

PMID- 371779
TI  - Doctor at leisure: combining medicine and astronomy at Winnipeg (John Noel
      Roberts Scatliff).

PMID- 371780
TI  - What did Eugen Bleuler really say?
AB  - Bleuler's 1911 monograph on schizophrenia is an attempt to redefine Kraepelin's
      dementia praecox making use of contemporaneous somatogenic and psychogenic
      theories of illness, and is best appreciated in its proper historical context.
      Currently there is confusion about Bleuler's concept of schizophrenia, arising in
      part from inherent textual difficulties and compounded by inaccurate
      representations of his account. This conceptual confusion may be reflected in
      diagnostic uncertainty today, and in the renewed interest in nosology and
      diagnostic rigor that characterizes much of the literature on schizophrenia at
      the present time.

PMID- 371781
TI  - Postdiversion precystectomy irradiation for cancer of the bladder.
AB  - This is the first report of a 4-year prospective trial of integrated irradiation
      and cystectomy in the management of advanced bladder carcinoma. Patients are
      treated sequentially with staging laparotomy and urinary diversion, highdose
      preoperative irradiation (5,000 rad/30 treatments/42 days), and total cystectomy.
      Twenty-eight consecutive patients have been entered into the study; all had Grade
      III or IV tumor or clinical evidence of invasion (Jewett Stage B1-D1). Local
      control has been achieved in 21 of 22 patients, and the 4-year actuarial survival
      is 54%. The initial staging procedure not only defines inoperable patients, but
      also allows completion of urinary diversion prior to small bowel irradiation with
      fewer anastomotic problems. Acute and chronic complications have been minimal,
      and there have been no treatment-related deaths.

PMID- 371782
TI  - Experience with pion radiotherapy.
AB  - Forty-one patients with a total of 86 tumors were treated with negative pimesons
      (pions) at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility (LAMPF) through December 31,
      1977. An additional 30 tumors in the total patient population were treated with
      100 kVp x-rays to assess comparative effects on skin nodules and 8 patients
      received additive photon or electron radiation to pion-treated portals. Of 52
      evaluable tumors in 20 patients treated with pions only and followed for 3 to 22
      months, 81% (42 tumors) completely regressed; 6% (3 tumors) partially regressed;
      and 13% (7 tumors) did not respond, although 5 of the 7 have shown no growth for
      10 months. Of eight tumors in seven patients treated with a combination of pions
      and conventional radiation, three tumors showed complete response and five tumors
      showed partial response, though the resected specimens in two (one with complete
      and one with partial response) revealed no tumor microscopically. Reactions in
      normal tissues have been mild, with some patients exhibiting no normal tissue
      reaction, as compared with relatively marked tumor response.

PMID- 371783
TI  - Selectivity of the micro-leukocyte adherence inhibition assay in pancreatic
      cancer.
AB  - A modified leukocyte adherence inhibition assay was performed on white blood
      cells from patients with ductal pancreatic cancer, other malignancies, benign
      gastrointestinal diseases including pancreatitis, and healthy controls, using
      four different ductal pancreatic cancer membrane preparations and similar
      preparations from gastric and colorectal cancers. A mean adherence index of less
      than or equal to 0.2 was evidence that the leukocytes "recognized" the
      antigen(s). In 9 of 10 patients with localized pancreatic cancer, 13 of 15
      leukocyte populations "recognized" the pancreatic cancer antigen(s) and not other
      tested antigen(s). Leukocytes from only 11 of 18 patients (17 of 29 assays) with
      metastatic pancreatic cancer "recognized" the pancreatic tumor antigen (and no
      other antigen). The inability to recognize the pancreatic tumor antigen(s) was
      not related to nutritional, biochemical or therapeutic status of the patient, but
      was related to the demonstration of a response to skin test antigens. In
      contrast, 3 of 35 leukocyte populations in 2 of 31 patients with malignancies
      other than pancreatic, 1 of 28 with benign gastrointestinal disease, and one of
      38 healthy control populations "recognized" the antigen.  The LAI is worthy of
      further study in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

PMID- 371784
TI  - Effect of postoperative wound infection on the course of stage II melanoma.
AB  - Microbial infections reportedly have a favorable effect on the course of certain
      malignant diseases. Intralesional inoculation of micro-organisms can bring about
      tumor regression in certain clinical and experimental situations. In order to
      evaluate the influence of immediate postoperative wound infection on the course
      of Stage II melanomas, a retrospective study was undertaken of 211 patients who
      had undergone axillary or groin dissection. None had any antibiotic, steroid,
      chemoimmunotherapy, or cryosurgery and there was no history of a second primary
      neoplasm, pregnancy, immunodeficiency, or administration of immunosuppressive
      drugs. Forty of these patients developed significant postoperative wound
      infections. Although their representation according to sex, tumor location,
      number of nodes involved, and other parameters was comparable to that of the
      remaining 171 patients who did not develop wound infections, the incidence of
      local recurrence in the group with infections was significantly lower (p less
      than 0.01). Patient survival and disease-free interval following node dissection
      were not influenced by infection. Postoperative infections in the groin or axilla
      offered only local protection from tumor recurrence; the ultimate course of the
      disease was not affected.

PMID- 371785
TI  - The ninth annual David Karnofsky Lecture. Treatment of acute lymphocytic
      leukemia.

PMID- 371786
TI  - Primary histiocytic lymphoma of the epididymis.
AB  - The first documented case of primary histiocytic lymphoma of the epididymis is
      presented. The tumor showed distinct nodularity, which is unusual for extranodal
      lymphomas, and marked sclerosis. Extensive staging work-up showed no evidence of
      extraepididymal spread. Unusual features included the youth of the patient at
      presentation and the severe diffuse atrophy of the adjacent testicular
      parenchyma. Following orchiectomy and radiotherapy, there has been no subsequent
      clinical evidence of systemic disease.

PMID- 371787
TI  - Systemic cancer and the metastatic process.
AB  - Various known and presumed characteristics of malignant cells that permit
      metastasis and factors that contribute to the establishment of secondary tumor
      foci are reviewed. The potential for therapeutic control with and the limitations
      of chemotherapy are discussed briefly.

PMID- 371788
TI  - Estimated risk and occurrence of breast cancer in asymptomatic and minimally
      symptomatic patients.
AB  - Mathematical procedures, some unique to this study, were applied to 114 suggested
      risk factors, with as many as 10 subsets, from history, physical and x-ray
      examination on 30,904 breast studies on 7,252 patients referred from the Emory
      University Clinic since 1963. One-fifth of the cancers were unrelated to
      symptoms; 82% of the cancers were free of axillary lymph node metastasis. There
      was no sign or symptom that predicted preclinical cancer. Interaction of numerous
      indicators subjected to strong statistical procedures could contribute to
      establishing risk of even early breast cancer. The results of hierarchic
      discriminant analyses demonstrated the feasibility of using simultaneously large
      numbers of risk factors in a systematic way to pinpoint patient with mammary
      cancer. Based on usual clinical and x-ray assessment of the women 12.5% of the
      noncancer patients required biopsy to demonstrate 70% of the cancers with a
      cancer to benign rate of 1 to 4. Using the same data with discriminant analyses,
      5.6% of the patients would require biopsy, at the rate of 11.9% of the
      population. A computerized system has been developed for widespread application
      to provide the clinician with a highly objective and totally consistent
      assessment of risk for breast cancer in each of his patients.

PMID- 371789
TI  - Tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay in gastrointestinal (GIT) cancer.
AB  - Tumor-specific immunity to carcinoma of the colon, pancreas and stomach was
      assayed by tube LAI. Cancers of the colon, pancreas and stomach, were shown to
      possess organ-type specific neoantigens. In 115 patients with colon cancer, 100%,
      75%, 61% with Dukes' A, B and C cancer were LAI positive, respectively. Even a
      microfocus of in situ cancer in a colon adenoma was sufficient to stimulate
      measurable tumor-specific immunity in the host. In Dukes' D cancer, 25% of
      patients with widespread metastasis were positive, whereas 100% with solitary
      lesions were positive. Reactive leukocytes from patients with colon cancer did
      not react to extracts of normal bowel mucosa or villous adenoma from LAI-negative
      patients. Leukocytes from 19% (3 of 16) of patients with colon adenomas reacted
      to the extract of colon cancer but not normal colon mucosa. Moreover, the LAI
      positive response of the patients with colon adenomas or colon cancer is directed
      to a colon cancer TSA which is linked to beta2-microglobulin. These studies
      suggest that some colon adenomas express TSA before morphological evidence of
      cancer. It is not known if the acquisition of a cell surface TSA is an
      irreversible step toward unrestrained growth and metastasis. In pancreatic
      cancer, 100% of patients with cancers less than 5 cm and without metastasis were
      LAI positive, whereas 29% were positive when the cancer was greater than 5 cm or
      had metastasized. In Patients with stomach cancer, 100% with Stage II and 46%
      with Stage III and IV cancer were LAI-positive. Leukocytes from patients with
      other GIT cancers and from patients with inflammatory bowel disease or
      pancreatitis did not react with extracts of colon, stomach or pancreatic cancer.
      Leukocytes from patients with metastatic cancer, usually did not react in the
      tube LAI assay because their surfaces were coated in vivo with TSA. LAI
      reactivity was present when CEA was not detectable and when CEA levels were
      elevated LAI activity was often absent. The present study suggests that the
      automated tube LAI shows sufficient promise to warrant studies to determine its
      efficacy for the diagnosis of GIT cancers.

PMID- 371790
TI  - Ascorbic acid and cancer: a review.
AB  - Host resistance to neoplastic growth and invasiveness is recognized to be an
      important factor in determining the occurrence, the progress, and the eventual
      outcome of every cancer illness. The factors involved in host resistance are
      briefly reviewed, and the relationship between these factors and ascorbic acid
      metabolism is presented in detail. It is shown that many factors involved in host
      resistance to neoplasia are significantly dependent upon the availability of
      ascorbate.

PMID- 371791
TI  - Assay of 855 test chemicals in ten tester strains using a new modification of the
      Ames test for bacterial mutagens.
AB  - Determination of mutagenic activity in bacterial systems has become accepted as
      an initial step in the evaluation of the carcinogenic potential of new chemicals.
      In this paper, a bacterial mutagen screening technique is described in which
      chemicals can be tested in 10 tester strains over a 10,000-fold concentration
      gradient both with and without metabolic activation. Using this assay, 855
      chemicals were tested, and 182 were found to be mutagenic in one or more of the
      tester strains. Included were 299 chemicals used in chemical manufacturing or
      laboratory synthesis. Of these, 20% gave a positive response in one or more
      strains. The high rate of positives undoubtedly reflects the high chemical
      reactivity of compounds in this group. In contrast, when 261 organic chemicals
      which were synthesized for evaluation as potential pharmaceutical or agricultural
      products were tested, only 8% were identified as mutagenic. The Salmonella
      typhimurium tester strains TA98 and TA1538 proved to be very reliable and
      efficient in detecting and identifying frame-shift mutagens. TA100 was the most
      sensitive tester strain, detecting 142 of the 182 mutagens encountered in the
      study. However, since TA100 detected both base substitution mutagens and frame
      shift mutagens, this tester strain was not suitable for the specific
      identification of base substitution mutagens. Base substitution mutagens were
      more reliably detected by Escherichia coli tester strains WP2 and WP2 uvrA- than
      they were by S. typhimurium strains G46 and TA1535. The data obtained when
      mutagens are tested by the concentration gradient procedures can include (a) the
      activity spectrum in tester strains, (b) identification as either frame-shift or
      base substitution mutagens, (c) the minimal concentration at which auxotroph
      growth is inhibited, and (d) mutagenic potency in terms of minimal concentration
      at which mutagenicity is observed. The data obtained have been found to be of
      immediate use. For example, with manufacturing intermediates the data have been
      combined with other toxicity data and used as a basis for setting safety
      standards for handling such compounds in the workplace. In addition, positive
      bacterial mutagenicity data on selected members of new series of organic
      compounds can serve to alert the chemist early to the possibility that the
      compounds may possess undesirable toxic properties, particularly carcinogenicity.
      Also, this type of data should be of great value both in the planning and in the
      interpretation of other in vitro tests designed to evaluate the potential
      carcinogenicity in mammals of chemicals found to be positive in bacterial tests.

PMID- 371792
TI  - Microtubules and actin-containing filaments of normal, preneoplastic, and
      neoplastic mouse mammary epithelial cells.
AB  - The distribution and organization of microtubules (MT's) and actin-containing
      microfilaments (MF's) were examined in epithelial cells of primary cultures
      established from normal, preneoplastic, and neoplastic mouse mammary tissues and
      in cells of three clonal culture lines derived from murine mammary
      adenocarcinomas. No consistent differences in the cytoskeletal components were
      found among cell populations of the primary cultures as revealed either by
      indirect immunofluorescence using antibodies to tubulin and actin or by electron
      microscopy. Overall, the majority of cells in the three types of primary cultures
      possessed elaborate complexes of MT's and actin filaments after fluorescent
      staining with the appropriate antibodies, and abundant MT's and MF's were found
      in the cells at the ultrastructural level. Similar patterns of MT's and MF's were
      observed in cells of two of the clonal mammary tumor lines. Cells of the third
      line, however, exhibited intricate networks of MT's but had a reduction in actin
      cables detectable by the immunofluorescence procedure. Moreover, MF's were
      difficult to locate by electron microscopy. The results suggest that the
      lesion(s) in growth control in the neoplastic mammary cells may not involve any
      gross alterations in MT's or MF's.

PMID- 371793
TI  - Initial clinical trials in cancer patients of polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic
      acid stabilized with poly-L-lysine, in carboxymethylcellulose [poly(ICLC)], a
      highly effective interferon inducer.

PMID- 371794
TI  - Feeder layer and nutritional requirements for the establishment and cloning of
      human malignant lymphoma cell lines.
AB  - Cell lines were successfully established in continuous suspension culture from 10
      patients with a histopathological diagnosis of diffuse histiocytic lymphoma (SU
      DHL-1 to SU-DHL-10), two with North American Burkitt's lymphoma (SU-AmB-1 and SU
      AmB-2), and one with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (SU-ALL-1). By screening a
      variety of parameters, including media, sera, effusion fluids, feeder layers, and
      chemical supplements, the nutritive growth requirements of lymphoma cells
      obtained from malignant effusions and lymph node biopsies were determined for
      each tumor. Most of these cell lines initially required human skin fibroblast or
      epithelial cell feeder layers from which they could be weaned after one to six
      weeks in culture and maintained in Roswell Park Memorial Institute Tissue Culture
      Medium 1640 containing 20% fetal calf serum and 10% pooled human serum. Several
      of these cell lines were successfully cloned on 0.5% Noble agar substrates. In
      the presence of human serum and selected feeder monolayers, cloning efficiencies
      increased significantly from less than 1% to 15 to 25%. In addition, the cloning
      efficiencies of certain cell lines showed a concentration-dependent increase with
      specific chemical supplements including L-cysteine and dithiothreitol. Placental
      colony-stimulating factor, nerve growth factor, epithelial growth factor, and
      fibroblastic growth factor were ineffective in augmenting the cloning
      efficiencies of the human lymphoma cell lines. After a single passage on agar,
      cells subpassaged from visible colonies showed markedly increased cloning
      efficiencies to levels as high as 50%. Such cloning efficiencies, coupled with
      the use of replica plating, make this technique applicable to genetic and
      quantitative radiobiological, immunological, and chemotherapeutic studies.
      Although these methods have thus far been used only with lymphoreticular tumors,
      they may also be applicable to the cell culture of other human neoplasms and
      normal tissues.

PMID- 371795
TI  - Synergistic activity of components of mycobacteria and mutant Salmonella in
      causing regression of line-10 tumors in guinea pigs.

PMID- 371796
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of ftorafur in man.

PMID- 371797
TI  - Clinical evaluation of peptichemio.
AB  - Peptichemio is a peptide complex of m-L-phenylalanine mustard. A clinical
      evaluation of this agent was conducted in 116 patients, of whom 104 were
      evaluable for both toxicity and response. The majority of patients had solid
      tumors. The drug was administered iv daily for 3 days at doses of 20-75
      mg/m2/day, with courses repeated at 3-4-week intervals. The optimal dose schedule
      appears to be 45 mg/m2/day for 3 days. The major side effects were cumulative
      myelotoxicity, phlebitis, and mild nausea and vomiting. No other major organ
      toxicity was observed. The partial remission rate was 7%. Most patients had
      received an alkylating agent as part of their previous therapy. There were seven
      partial responses and four less than partial responses achieved in patients with
      melanoma, lymphoma, and gastrointestinal, genitourinary, breast, and head and
      neck carcinomas. Responses lasted 4-36 weeks.

PMID- 371798
TI  - Phase II study of Leo 1031 (prednimustine) in advanced ovarian carcinoma.
AB  - Thirty-six patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma, 21 who had not responded to
      conventional surgery and irradiation therapy and 15 who had not responded to
      conventional surgery, irradiation therapy, and chemotherapy, were treated in a
      phase II study with Leo 1031. Objective responses were obtained in ten (28%) of
      the 36 patients (two complete and eight partial responses). An additional 11
      (32%) patients had stable disease. The two complete responders were in remission
      for 4 months. During remission, all of the patients had an improved quality of
      life. Myelosuppression of varying severity occurred in 11 patients; three of
      these patients died from their complications. Two patients developed reversible
      confusion and one patient became psychotic. Eight patients became euphoric during
      treatment. Leo 1031 might be worthwhile as a palliative chemotherapy for patients
      with advanced ovarian carcinoma, but the risk of euphoria must always be
      considered since it can lead to voluntary overdosage.

PMID- 371799
TI  - Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone in
      the treatment of refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 371800
TI  - The role of autologous stem cell reconstitution in intensive therapy for
      resistant neoplasms.

PMID- 371801
TI  - Phase I trial of a new form of an oral administration of VP-16-213.
AB  - A new oral form of VP-16-213 consisting of a hydrophilic soft gelatin capsule
      containing a VP-16-213 solution was tested for toxicity in 26 patients. The drug
      was administered at four different dose levels, 350, 500, 650, and 750 mg/m2, in
      5-day courses every 21-28 days. A dose-dependent effect was observed with regard
      to hematologic toxicity and alopecia. It is concluded that the drinking ampules
      of VP-16-213 can be replaced with the new oral capsules with a recommended
      initial dose of 100-130 mg/m2 given in 5-day courses every 21-28 days.

PMID- 371802
TI  - Combined DTIC and cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) therapy for patients with
      disseminated melanoma: a Northern California Oncology Group study.

PMID- 371803
TI  - Results of a phase II study of maytansine in patients with breast carcinoma and
      melanoma.
AB  - During the phase I study of maytansine at our institution, some activity was
      observed against breast carcinoma and melanoma. A phase II study was thus
      initiated to more thoroughly investigate the activity of this drug against these
      two tumors. In 33 evaluable patients with melanoma, no complete or partial
      responses were observed. Twenty-one evaluable patients with breast cancer were
      entered and only one response (partial) was seen. The toxicity was similar to
      that observed in the phase I study and consisted mainly of diarrhea,
      paresthesias, phlebitis, and flu-like symptoms. Myelosuppression was infrequent
      and was short-lived when it occurred.

PMID- 371804
TI  - Phase II study of single-agent therapy with megestrol acetate, VP-16-213,
      cyclophosphamide, and dianhydrogalactitol in advanced renal cell cancer.
AB  - One hundred and forty-four patients with advanced renal cell cancer were
      evaluated for objective response to single-agent treatment with megestrol
      acetate, VP-16-213, cyclophosphamide, or dianhydrogalactitol. In view of the low
      order of response observed, these agents do not appear to be effective in the
      treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer. Performance status and a relatively
      long interval from onset of primary symptoms to study entry were the most
      favorable prognostic variables affecting time to progression and survival for
      patients in this study.

PMID- 371805
TI  - Structural studies on the hexose region of the Enterobacteriaceae type R3 core
      polysaccharide.
AB  - The structure of the hexose region of the Enterobacteriaceae type R3 core
      polysaccharide, which is the common core in Shigella flexneri and some
      Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS), has been investigated. The principal
      method used in these studies involved methylation analysis of the original and
      modified materials. The polysaccharide was modified by N-deacetylation
      deamination and by Smith degradation. As a result of these studies, the following
      structure is proposed: alpha-D-Glcp-(1 leads to 2)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1 leads to 2)
      [alpha-D-GlcNAcp-(1 leads to 3)]-alpha-D-Galp-(1 leads to 3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1
      leads to.

PMID- 371806
TI  - [Results of a long-term multicenter European study of prazosin].

PMID- 371807
TI  - [25 years of Avicenum, the Czechoslovak medical press, 1953--1978].

PMID- 371808
TI  - [Centennial of the birth of Dr. Emil Sieber, 6 Jan. 1879-16, Sep. 1964].

PMID- 371809
TI  - [The Casopis lekaru ceskych 100 years ago].

PMID- 371810
TI  - [The 80th anniversary of Professor Jan Bastecky, D.Sc. corresponding member of
      the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences].

PMID- 371811
TI  - [The 80th anniversary of Professor Otakar Matousek].

PMID- 371812
TI  - The discrete-time kinetic model analysis of DNA content distributions in
      experimental tumour cells.
AB  - A method was developed to analyse and characterize FMF measurements of DNA
      content distribution, utilizing the discrete time kinetic (DTK) model for cell
      kinetics analysis. The DTK model determines the time sequence of the cell age
      distribution during the proliferation of a tumor cell population and simulates
      the distribution pattern of the DNA content of cells in each age compartment of
      the cell cycle. The cells in one age compartment are distributed and spread into
      several compartments of the DNA content distribution to allow for different rates
      of DNA synthesis and instrument dispersion effects. It is assumed that the DNA
      content of cells in each age compartment has a Gaussian distribution. Thus, for a
      given cell age distribution the DNA content distribution depends on two
      parameters of the cells in each age compartment: the average DNA content and its
      coefficient of variation. As the DTK model generates the best fit DNA content
      distribution to the FMF measurement data, it enables one to estimate specific
      values of these two parameters in each stage of the cell cycle and to determine
      the fraction of cells in each cycle phase. The method was utilized to fit FMf
      measurements of DNA content distributions and to analyse their relationship tothe
      cell kinetic parameters, namely cell loss rate, cell cycle times and grwoth
      graction of exponentially growing Chinese hamster ovary cells in vitro and, also,
      with a wide range of coeffficients of variation, of the L1210 ascites tumour
      during the growth period.

PMID- 371813
TI  - In vivo effects of 5-fluorouracil and ftorafur[1-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-5
      fluorouracil] on murine mammary tumors and small intestine.
AB  - The in vivo anti-tumour and toxic effects of ftorafur (FT) and 5-fluorouracil
      (FU) were studied in the C3H mouse. On a molar basis, FU was two to three times
      more potent than FT with respect to growth inhibition of murine mammary
      adenocarcinomas. However, FT produced less host toxicity than FU when both drugs
      were compared at dose levels which produced equivalent anti-tumor effects. The
      differences between FT and FU with respect to tumor growth inhibition and host
      toxicity were reflected in their ability to suppress deoxyuridine incorporation
      into tumor cell and intestinal DNA, respectively. Flow cytometry (FCM) studies
      indicated that FT and FU were capable of producing pertubations in the DNA
      distribution of tumour cells. Both drugs induced an initial accumulation of cells
      in S phase following their administration at equivalent anti-tumour dose levels.
      At later intervals, an apparent block of cell progression at the G1/S boundary
      was observed. Drug-induced perturbations in the DNA distribution of tumour cells
      as detected by FCM correlated with results obtained by classical autoradiographic
      techniques using tritiated thymidine. Both procedures showed that tumor cells
      were capable of moving through S phase even in the presence of an apparently near
      complete inhibition of deoxyuridine incorporation into DNA. That such cells were,
      in fact, capable of synthesizing DNA at moderate rates was shown by their ability
      to incorporate 32P into DNA. The possible relationship of these findings to the
      therapeutic and toxic activities of FT and FU is discussed.

PMID- 371814
TI  - DNA flow cytometry of isolated keratinized epithelia: a methodological study
      based on ultrasonic tissue disaggregation.
AB  - Ultrasonication of keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium, which had been
      separated from underlying tissue by means of acetic acid, resulted in
      disaggregation of all cellular layers in the epithelium, giving a suspension of
      single nuclei with mitoses preserved. This suspension was treated with RNAse and
      ethidium bromide for analysis by flow cytometry. From the resulting DNA histogram
      the G1, S and G2 + M fractions were estimated using the computer program of Fried
      (1976). Treatment with dithiothreitol before sonication increased the yield of
      nuclei in suspension and decreased the amount of debris and clumps, thereby
      suppressing overestimation of small S fractions. This method of preparation prior
      to DNA flow cytometry was useful for the study of the hamster cheek pouch
      epithelium and of normal and pathological human epidermis.

PMID- 371815
TI  - Colony-forming units in diffusion chambers (CFU-d) and colony-forming units in
      agar culture (CFU-c) obtained from normal human bone marrow: a possible parent
      progeny relationship.
AB  - An series of experiments was performed to elucidate the relationship between
      cells that form granulocytic colonies in fibrin clot diffusion chambers implanted
      into the peritoneum (i.p.) of irradiated mice (CFU-d) and day 7 and day 14 CFU-U
      which give rise to colonies after 7 and 14 days in agar cultures in vitro,
      respectively. Normal human bone marrow cells were cultured in suspension in vitro
      or in diffusion chambers implanted into irradiated or non-irradiated mice. During
      these culture conditions there was an initial decrease in the number of CFU-c per
      culture. This was followed by an increase between day 2 and day 7 of culture. No
      similar increase of neutrophilic CFU-d was observed. When CFU-d, day 14 and day 7
      CFU-c in normal marrow were separated by velocity sedimentation and cultured in
      suspension culture or in diffusion chambers for 7 days, the maximum increase of
      day 7 and day 14 CFU-c was observed in slowly sedimenting cell fractions which
      contained the majority of CFU-d. After 3 days in suspension culture, the maximum
      increase of day 14 CFU-c was found in fractions which also gave rise to maximum
      numbers of CFU-c after 7 days. However, day 7 CFU-c were found in fractions which
      initially contained the majority of day 14 CFU-c. No increase in CFU-d was found
      in fractions initially containing peak numbers of CFU-c. Between 53 and 71% of
      CFU-c harvested from diffusion chambers in irradiated mice or from suspension
      cultures were sensitive to pulse incubation with tritiated thymidine, suggesting
      that the cells were proliferating during these culture conditions. In diffusion
      chambers implanted into non-irradiated mice, however, CFU-c were found to be
      relatively resistant to this treatment (3-11% sensitive to tritiated thymidine).
      Thus marked increases in CFU-c were also observed during experimental conditions,
      where no significant DNA synthesis was detected. A reproducible time sequence of
      increase in CFU-c populations in culture was observed. Day 14 CFU-c and cells
      that gave rise to clusters on day 7 in agar increased between day 2 and day 4,
      whereas day 7 CFU-c increased between day 4 and day 7. The results suggested that
      CFU-d gave rise to CFU-c in culture and that day 14 CFU-c were precursors of day
      7 CFU-c.

PMID- 371816
TI  - The effects of corticosteroids on immunoregulation in sarcoidosis.

PMID- 371817
TI  - The role of the macrophage in immunity to Trypanosoma lewisi infections in the
      rat.

PMID- 371818
TI  - Inhibitory and stimulatory effects of a synthetic glycopeptide (MDP) on the in
      vitro PFC response: factors affecting the response.

PMID- 371819
TI  - [30 years of nationalized pharmaceutical industry in Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 371820
TI  - [The 50th anniversary of Ivan Babik, D. Nat. Sc].

PMID- 371821
TI  - [Polyamines and malignant melanoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 371822
TI  - [20 years of the Institute of Cosmetics].

PMID- 371823
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistant Professor Jan Drgonec, C.Sc].

PMID- 371824
TI  - [The effect of a superactive LH-RH analogue (D-leu6, des-Gly-NH210) LH-RH
      ethylamidetriacetate upon the plasmatic oestradiol-level in women with normal
      cycle (author's transl)].

PMID- 371825
TI  - [Comparative study about the  use of LAI test and MI test in immunodiagnostics of
      gynecological tumours (author's transl)].

PMID- 371826
TI  - [Electroanalgesia in obstetrics (development, principles and utilization)].

PMID- 371827
TI  - [The 70th anniversary of Chief Physician Robert Kestranek].

PMID- 371828
TI  - [In memoriam Vladimir Kral, M.D].

PMID- 371829
TI  - [Development of pediatric gynecology in Czechoslovakia and in Europe].

PMID- 371830
TI  - [Experimental observations on the possibility of nutrition influencing the growth
      reaction of the liver].

PMID- 371831
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistant Professor Bedrich Roth, D.S].

PMID- 371832
TI  - [The 50th anniversary of Jiri Tichy, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 371833
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Professor Vladimir Plachy, C.Sc].

PMID- 371834
TI  - [Infantile cortical hyperostosis-the Caffey-Silverman syndrome].

PMID- 371835
TI  - [Vulvovaginitis and dysentery (author's transl)].

PMID- 371836
TI  - [Life anniversary of Assistant Professor Jan Drgonec, C.Sc].

PMID- 371837
TI  - [The life anniversary of Assistant Professor V. Haberzettel, C.Sc].

PMID- 371838
TI  - [Fissural defect of the alveolar process of the upper jaw and secondary bone
      graft in the intraoral x-ray picture].

PMID- 371839
TI  - [History of Czech social medicine. 2. Beginnings of Czech socio-medical
      thinking].

PMID- 371840
TI  - In vitro inhibition of yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase by ochratoxin A.

PMID- 371841
TI  - The mutagenic effect of 1,2-dichloroethane on Salmonella typhimurium. II.
      Activation by the isolated perfused rat liver.
AB  - In this investigation Salmonella typhimurium strain TA 1530 and TA 1535 were
      combined with isolated perfused rat liver. Samples of perfusate and bile produced
      were tested for mutagenicity after treatment with 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE), 1,2
      dibromoethane (DBE) or 2-chloroethanol. The results are in good agreement with
      our previous experiments which indicate that both DEC and DBE are activated
      through conjugation with glutathione (GSH). Most GSH conjugates are normally
      excreted in bile. Following liver perfusion the bile was highly mutagenic after
      DCE and DBE treatments, while 2-chloroethanol did not have this effect. The
      highest mutagenic effect was seen 15--30 min after the addition of DCE or DBE.
      The production of mutagenic bile also occurred in mice treated in vivo with DCE.
      One possible metabolic endproduct of a GSH conjugate is the corresponding
      mercapturic acid. Thus synthetic N-acetyl-S-(2-chloroethyl)-L-cysteine was tested
      on TA 1535 and found to be as mutagenic as S-(2-chloroethyl)-L-cysteine in the
      concentration range 0.2--0.6 mumol/plate. Differences and similarities in the
      metabolism of DCE and vinyl chloride are discussed on the basis of these results.

PMID- 371842
TI  - Syntheses of N-(omega-acetoxyalkyl and omega-carbomethoxyalkyl)-N-(alpha-acetoxy
      alkyl)nitrosamines, model compounds for possible metabolically activated N,N
      dialkylnitrosamines.

PMID- 371843
TI  - [Study of intraocular pressure following intervention on cataract in 50 patients
      treated either with medrysone or with dexamethasone].

PMID- 371844
TI  - [Reflexions on canalicular surgery].

PMID- 371845
TI  - [Role of corneal surgery in dry eye].

PMID- 371846
TI  - [Lacorhinostomy with skin graft (apropos of 8 cases)].

PMID- 371847
TI  - [Progressive relaxation. Dr. E. Jacobson's method].

PMID- 371848
TI  - Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin test. Characterization of immunological properties
      and clinical application.
AB  - Immunological properties of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin reaction were
      investigated by animal and clinical experiments. In the guinea pigs an
      intradermal dose of PHA-P produced erythema and induration with a maximal
      response at 24 hours after the injection. Histologically it was characterized by
      perivascular infiltration of lymphoid cells in the dermis and subcutis, being
      similar to that of tuberculin (PPD) skin reaction. PHA skin reaction, however,
      showed some difference from that of PPD in the initial cellular response in that
      the former was composed of small mononuclear cells and granulocytes with rapid
      development and the latter was composed of large mononuclear cells (macrophages)
      and granulocytes with slow development. Intradermal injection of 1:1000 dilution
      of PHA-P produced a similar erythema in man. In 39 of 59 patients with connective
      tissue diseases, the results of the in vivo (skin test) and in vitro (lymphocyte
      transformation) response to PHA correlated well. In the 59 patients, the
      incidence of the positive rate of the PHA tests (55.9%) was significantly higher
      than that of the DNCB test (33.9%) and of the PPD test (23.7%). These
      observations suggest that the PHA skin test has properties of delayed
      hypersensitivity and is highly sensitive and that it may be a useful measure of
      cell-mediated immunity.

PMID- 371849
TI  - Separation of Plasmodium berghei-parasitized rat erythrocytes by means of carrier
      free electrophoresis.
AB  - A carrier-free electrophoresis apparatus was used to isolate rat erythrocytes
      parasitized with Plasmodium berghei. The region of high electrophoretic mobility
      yielded noninfected erythrocytes, whereas that of low electrophoretic mobility
      yielded erythrocytes infected with viable parasites. Over 98% purity of
      parasitized erythrocytes was obtained when blood at an advanced stage of
      parasitaemia was used. Merozoite-rich fractions were also observed. This
      continuous one-step separation method should provide large numbers of parasitized
      erythrocytes for use in immunological and biochemical studies of malaria.

PMID- 371850
TI  - Concentration and separation of erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum
      by gradient centrifugation.
AB  - Concentration of infected erythrocytes was achieved in cell suspensions derived
      from long-term culture of Plasmodium falciparum growing asynchronously in human
      erythrocytes. This new procedure involves the slow centrifugation (at 33 g) of
      erythrocyte suspensions through 5% Ficoll solutions. Mature asexual erythrocytic
      forms are preferentially retained in the gradient solution (top fraction). After
      further gradient centrifugation of these parasitized cells, the concentration of
      mature forms is increased 15- to 31-fold and a mature form parasitaemia of 71-81%
      is obtained in the final erythrocyte suspension. Furthermore, at least 75% of the
      total number of the mature forms can be retrieved by this method. Parasitized
      cells that are not retained in the gradient are sedimented to the bottom of the
      tube (bottom fraction) and consist predominantly of ring forms. Parasites from
      both the top and bottom fractions are viable and have been used to initiate short
      term synchronous cultures. By providing purified parasite preparations, this
      simple procedure will facilitate immunological, chemotherapeutic, and biochemical
      studies with P. falciparum.

PMID- 371851
TI  - The renal kallikrein-kinin system.

PMID- 371852
TI  - Indicator dilution lung water and vascular permeability in humans. Effects of
      pulmonary vascular pressure.

PMID- 371853
TI  - The effects of geometry, elasticity, and external pressures on the diastolic
      pressure-volume and stiffness-stress relations. How important is the pericardium?
AB  - The concept of an incremental elastic modulus is applied in the quantification of
      passive elastic stiffness-stress relations of intact heart muscle, and a
      transmural pressure-volume relation for the left ventricle is subsequently
      derived in terms of geometry, muscle elasticity, and external pressures to assess
      their importance. Physiological and clinical applications of this method indicate
      that: (1) stiffness-stress relations obtained on the basis of pressure-volume
      data from dog hearts are not significantly different from those obtained from
      muscle strips excised from these same hearts; (2) shape and the presence of right
      ventricular, pericardial, or pleural pressures are of secondary importance in an
      assessment of passive elastic stiffness; and (3) dramatic shifts in the left
      ventricular intracavity pressure-volume relations following drug interventions
      are primarily due to the presence of substantial pericardial pressures; however,
      the transmural pressure-volume relations are not markedly altered, implying no
      alteration in the intrinsic ventricular compliance.

PMID- 371854
TI  - Changes in canine left ventricular size and configuration with positive end
      expiratory pressure.

PMID- 371855
TI  - Prostaglandins and renin release: the effect of PGI2, PGE2, and 13,14-dihydro
      PGE2 on the baroreceptor mechanism of renin release in the dog.
AB  - We compared the ability of the vasodilator prostaglandins PGI2, PGE2, and 13,14
      dihydro PGE2 to release renin when infused into the denervated, nonfiltering
      canine kidney in vivo. Papaverine was used as a nonprostaglandin vasodilator. All
      the prostaglandins tested were capable of stimulating renin secretion, with the
      scale of potency being 13,14-dihydro PGE2 greater than PGI2 greater than PGE2;
      papaverine had no effect on renin secretion. These results indicate that both
      PGE2 and PGI2 can stimulate renin secretion but that vasodilation per se is not a
      stimulus. 13,14-Dihydro PGE2 was included because it is a poorer substrate than
      PGE2, both for transport into cells and catabolism to inactive products, but has
      comparable potency to PGE2 when tested in systems with limited ability to
      catabolize PGE2. The fact that 13,14-dihydro PGE2 was the most potent
      prostaglandin tested suggests that the effects of PGE2 in our system are reduced
      by the kidneys' recognized ability to extract and catabolize PGE2. Since PGI2 is
      less avidly metabolized than PGE2 by the kidney, the differences in observed
      potency between PGE2 and PGI2 could be largely the result of differences in renal
      catabolism of the two prostaglandins rather than differences in intrinsic
      potency. Therefore, both PGE2 and PGI2 are candidates for the endogenous
      prostaglandin responsible for stimulating renin secretion.

PMID- 371856
TI  - Treatment of hypertension with nifedipine, a calcium antagonistic agent.
AB  - Hemodynamic monitoring after a single dose (10 mg) of nifedipine in 27 primary
      hypertensive subjects (diastolic pressure greater than 110 mm Hg) documented that
      this calcium antagonistic agent exerts a potent arteriolar vasodilating action,
      which results in prompt (-21% of control at 30 minutes) and persistent (-16% of
      control at 120 minutes) fall in mean arterial pressure associated with a rise in
      cardiac output and pulse rate. The same patients received oral treatment for 3
      weeks. Hourly pressure readings showed that 1) the antihypertensive response to
      each dose lasts 8--12 hours; and 2) nifedipine every 6 hours significantly
      reduced blood pressure throughout the 24 hours, without postural hypotension.
      Side effect were short-lasting (headache in five patients, palpitation without
      arrhythmias in eight patients, burning sensation in the face and legs in five
      patients and sporadic extrasystoles in five patients) and tended to disappear
      with continued treatment. Development of drug resistance, sodium retention,
      plasma volume expansion, renin release or angina pectoris were not observed
      during the study. Although these findings seem to differentiate nifedipine from
      other vasodilators currently used in the treatment of hypertension, broader
      experience and more prolonged trials with nifedipine as an antihypertensive agent
      will be needed before conclusions can be drawn on these particular aspects.

PMID- 371857
TI  - Antiarrhythmic drugs. Key references.

PMID- 371858
TI  - Pancreas cancer (non-endocrine): a review--part I.

PMID- 371859
TI  - Presurgical changes in unilateral cleft palate subjects.
AB  - This investigation utilizes computerized measuring and statistical techniques,
      stereophotogrammetry, and a newly developed method of measuring palatal surface
      areas to study changes in the maxillary arch dimensions at birth and at 4 months
      in 3 groups of subjects: (1) 30 complete unilateral cleft lip and palate cases
      who were treated by presurgical maxillary orthopaedics; (2) 15 similar cases who
      had no such treatment and served as controls; and (3) 30 normal children. The
      changes occurring in the 3 groups over the 4-month period were compared. In
      particular, it was noted that presurgical treatment had a constrictive effect on
      general arch growth and that it also retarded the growth of palatal tissue. The
      significance of this in relation to other findings and to presurgical treatment
      in general is discussed.

PMID- 371860
TI  - Changes in pituitary gonadotropins during the amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome
      due to sulpiride.
AB  - Sulpiride, a dopamine receptor blocker which raises prolactin, was given to six
      women with idiopathic amenorrhoea for 10 days and to eleven women with regular
      cycles for 3 to 6 months. The latter group developed galactorrhoea and
      amenorrhoea during treatment. Basal LH AND FSH concentrations showed no
      significant changes. At 3 months but not at 10 days (amenorrhoea group) or 6
      months (regular menses group) the area-under-the-curve of LH response to LHRH was
      increased. FSH responses to LHRH was not altered. The significance of these
      results to the hyperprolactinaemia-amenorrhoea syndromes are discussed.

PMID- 371861
TI  - Further studies on the effects of dihydrotestosterone on gonadotrophin release
      induced by LH-RH in men.
AB  - In order to determine the effect of dihydrotestosterone on the feed-back
      mechanism of the hypothalamo-pituitary testis axis, seven men were subjected to
      LH-RH tests before and after treatment with dihydrotestosterone. Our results
      clearly show that DHT at least in pharmacological doses, inhibits directly basal
      LH-RH and gonadotrophin secretion, without affecting the pulsatile gonadotrophin
      release or impairing the pituitary response to LH-RH. The physiological
      significance of these observations remains however to be proven.

PMID- 371862
TI  - Acromegaly: insensitivity of the pancreatic alpha cell to hyperglycaemia.
AB  - Plasma glucagon levels were determined after 50 g of oral glucose loading in
      eleven acromegalics and fourteen normal subjects. Basal plasma glucagon levels
      were significantly elevated in patients with acromegaly, as compared with those
      in normal subjects. Oral glucose loading caused a decrease in plasma glucagon in
      normal subjects but not in acromegalics. Since this non-suppressibility of plasma
      glucagon by orally administered glucose was observed even in acromegalics without
      diabetes, it is concluded that insensitivity of the pancreatic alpha cell to
      hyperglycaemia exists in patients with acromegaly as well as in diabetics.

PMID- 371863
TI  - [Peptide distribution in the brain].

PMID- 371865
TI  - [Somatostatin in the human cerebrospinal fluid--comparison with growth hormone
      releasing factor].

PMID- 371864
TI  - [Continuous administration of LH-RH in Kallmann's syndrome--a case study].

PMID- 371866
TI  - [Mode of LH-RH secretion in rats].

PMID- 371867
TI  - Dyshormonogenetic goitre.

PMID- 371868
TI  - Non-toxic goitre.

PMID- 371869
TI  - Thyroid nodules.

PMID- 371870
TI  - The epidemiology of hypothyroidism.

PMID- 371871
TI  - Treatment of thyroid cancer.

PMID- 371872
TI  - Hypothyroidism: clinical features and complications.

PMID- 371873
TI  - Aetiology of hypothyroidism.

PMID- 371874
TI  - Investigation and treatment of hypothyroidism.

PMID- 371875
TI  - Goitrous autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's disease).

PMID- 371876
TI  - Subacute (de Quervain's) thyroiditis.

PMID- 371877
TI  - Pharmacological immunosuppression in clinical organ grafting. Observations on
      four agents: cyclosporin A, Asta 5122 (cytimun), lambda carrageenan and
      promethazine hydrochloride.
AB  - In this article I have attempted to summarize experiments on four agents
      investigated for immunosuppressive activity in experimental and clinical organ
      grafting. The difficulty of finding a suitable laboratory model relevant to man
      has been demonstrated in this experience. A cyclophosphamide-derivative, Asta
      5122 (cytimun), has only a marginally superior immunosuppressive activity in a
      dog with a renal allograft compared with cyclophosphamide and is much inferior to
      azathioprine. This agent, however, appears to be valuable in clinical practice in
      patients with liver grafts. A combination of lambda carrageenan, promethazine
      hydrochloride and imuran has profound immunosuppressive activity in the same
      canine model, but proved to be both ineffective and potentially toxic in a
      limited trial in man. The fungal cyclic peptide, cyclosporin A, has been shown to
      be an extremely powerful immunosuppressive agent and remarkably non-toxic in dogs
      with renal allografts and pigs with orthotopic heart grafts. This agent is
      currently being investigated as an immunosuppressant in patients with organ
      grafts.

PMID- 371878
TI  - Miconazole prolongs murine skin graft survival.
AB  - The effects of miconazole, a broad spectrum anti-fungal compound, on the immune
      response was studied in mice. At the non-toxic dose of 300 mg/kg per day, there
      was minimal suppression of the antibody response to sheep red blood cells. In
      contrast, there was a marked prolongation of skin graft survival from 13.6 +/-
      1.8 days (mean +/- s.d.) in untreated mice to 18.6 +/- 3.5 dyas in the treated
      group. Miconazole may be of use in clinical transplantation.

PMID- 371879
TI  - Possible C1q bypass loop activation in the haemolytic uraemic syndrome.
AB  - Ultrastructural and immunofluorescent microscopic studies were performed on renal
      tissue obtained from nine patients during the acute and convalescent phase of the
      haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). All had glomerular deposits of IgM in the
      absence of circulating immune complexes. This was associated with deposition of
      C1q during the acute phase, and properdin and C3 during the convalescent phase.
      C4 was consistently absent. Since such a pattern of complement deposition does
      not fulfil criteria either for alternate or classical pathway activation, the
      possibility of C1q bypass loop activation by IgM is suggested.

PMID- 371880
TI  - Direct Coombs antiglobulin reactions in Gambian children with Plasmodium
      falciparum malaria. I. Incidence and class specificity.
AB  - Gambian children with past or present Plasmodium falciparum malaria were
      investigated for the incidence of Coombs positivity using monospecific antisera.
      Approximately 50% were positive and the most frequent form of erythrocyte
      sensitization was with C3d. Other specificities, EIgG, EIgGC3d and EIgGC4bC3d
      were less common. Erthyrocytes were never found sensitized with IgA or IgM. There
      was no correlation between a positive test and age, tribal status or level of
      parasitaemia at presentation, although a positive test was often found in
      association with anaemia. Sensitized erythrocytes were present in the circulation
      for a period of up to 6 weeks following initial observation. The mechanism of
      erythrocyte sensitization is not known, but the results suggest a Type III
      complex-mediated hypersensitivity involving parasite antigen-antibody complexes.
      It is likely that these reactions contribute to the pathogenesis of the anaemia
      in falciparum malaria.

PMID- 371881
TI  - Facilitation reaction (enhancing antibodies and suppressor cells) and rejection
      reaction (sensitized cells) from the mother to the paternal antigens of the
      conceptus.
AB  - Humoral and cellular immune agents of a maternal reaction were investigated
      during pregnancy. Fluorescence studies performed on mouse placentae at 14 days
      detected maternal immunoglobulins of mainly IgG1 but also IgG2 subclasses. These
      immunoglobulins, after acid elution, can rebind the placenta and the thymocytes
      of the relevant paternal strain in case of allogeneic pregnancies, demonstrating
      an antibody activity towards both placenta specific and paternal strain antigens.
      They can specifically enhance a paternal strain tumour allograft on a maternal
      strain recipient. Spleen cells from an allogeneically pregnant mother can reduce
      or promote paternal strain tumour allograft on a maternal strain recipient. The
      aggressive effect is shown with small doses of transferred cells, whereas large
      doses promote enhancement. The suppression of the cytotoxic response of the
      recipient was ascribed to T cells by use of anti-theta plus complement. Thus,
      both the rejection reaction (immune cytotoxic cells) and the facilitation
      reaction (enhancing antibodies and suppressor cells) were demonstrated during
      pregnancy.

PMID- 371882
TI  - Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and cell-mediated
      cytotoxicity (CMC) to HBsAg-coated target cells in patients with hepatitis B and
      chronic hepatitis (CAH).
AB  - A new technique using HBsAg-coated Chang cells as target cells was developed in
      order to measure cell-mediated immune reactions to HBsAg. The specificity of
      cytotoxic reactions was tested in experiments using Chang cells conjugated with
      human serum albumin. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
      specific for the HBsAg-coated target cells was demonstrated up to dilutions of
      anti-HBsAg serum of 10,000 : 1, when lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of
      normal individuals were added to the target cells. Spontaneous cell-mediated
      cytotoxicity (CMC) to HBsAg-coated target cells was demonstrated for lymphocytes
      from patients with hepatitis B and from patients with chronic active hepatitis
      (CAH), but not for lymphocytes from healthy controls. The CMC of hepatitis B
      lymphocytes to HBsAg-coated target cells was inhibited in the presence of
      antiserum to HBsAg. In experiments using purified lymphocyte populations evidence
      is presented that the CMC is T-cell dependent. HLA-restriction of the CMC was not
      observed. The described cytotoxicity test system has the advantage that target
      cells conjugated with defined antigens are used and that relevant control target
      cells are available.

PMID- 371883
TI  - Allergy in cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Forty-four patients with cystic fibrosis, sixty-seven parents, and thirty-nine
      controls were compared with regard to their immediate cutaneous hypersensitivity,
      total and specific serum IgE and serum IgG4 concentrations. The patients had
      increased prick test reactions and specific IgE to Aspergillus fumigatus. The
      development of reactions to A. fumigatus correlated with the severity of the
      disease. There were no other significant differences when serum total IgE,
      specific IgE and IgG4 concentrations or skin test reactivity were compared in the
      patients, parents and controls.

PMID- 371884
TI  - Antibodies to maize in patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and
      coeliac disease.
AB  - The incidence of antibodies to maize using an immunofluorescent technique has
      been found to be 14% in controls, 33% in Crohn's disease, 50% in ulcerative
      colitis and 44% in coeliac disease. This result indicates that humoral immunity
      to maize is probably unimportant in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. The
      similar incidence of antibodies in the inflammatory bowel disease and coeliac
      groups suggests absorption of dietary antigen secondary to an increased mucosal
      permeability.

PMID- 371885
TI  - A method for the ultrastructural examination of cell monolayers cultured in
      plastic microtitre plates.
AB  - A method is presented by which cells growing as monolayers cultured in microtitre
      plates can be embedded for electron microscopy. The technique has the following
      advantages: numerous specimens may be prepared with relatively small numbers of
      cells, cell-cell interactions remain undisturbed and may be enumerated, and
      morphology can be studied under circumstances identical with those used in cell
      mediated cytotoxicity assays.

PMID- 371886
TI  - Measurement of anti-thyroid antibodies in dried blood spots.
AB  - The method for determination of anti-thyroid antibodies in extracts of dried
      whole blood on filter paper was described. Antibodies in dried blood were stable
      at room temperature for at least 1 month and were extracted well by overnight
      elution. This simple method requires only a minimal 30 microliter of venous blood
      and would enable large-scale screening for autoimmune thyroid diseases.

PMID- 371887
TI  - A placebo controlled clinical trial of transfer factor in lepromatous leprosy.
AB  - The effects of repeated injections of transfer factor over a period of 20 weeks
      were investigated in fourteen bacteriologically positive patients at the
      lepromatous side of the leprosy spectrum. All patients showed negative (0 mm
      induration) skin tests to M. leprae antigens (i.e. leprolin and lepromin). Of
      these patients, seven were treated with transfer factor with a total of 9 units
      (1 unit being equivalent to 5 x 10(8) lymphocytes) and seven with a placebo.
      Maintenance treatment with clofazimine was continued. Transfer factor was
      prepared from the lymphocytes of donors who showed positive skin tests to M.
      leprae antigens (i.e. leprolin greater than or equal to 12 mm induration, average
      15.5 mm or lepromin greater than or equal to 8 mm induration, average 13.6 mm),
      as well as a positive lymphocyte transformation in vitro to M. leprae (the
      average transformation being higher than the average transformation of
      lymphocytes of tuberculoid leprosy patients). No differences were found between
      the two groups as regards the clinical course of the disease, the
      histopathological and bacteriological evaluation of skin biopsies, changes in
      skin test reactivity to various antigens (i.e. lepromin, leprolin, PPD, Mumps, C.
      albicans, Tr. rubrum and Varidase), as well as the lymphocyte transformation in
      vitro to various mitogens (i.e. PHA, PWM, Con A) and antigens (i.e. M. leprae,
      leprolin, PPD, BCG, Mumps, C. albicans, Trichophyton and Varidase). No evidence
      was found to suggest that transfer factor is a valuable adjuvant in the treatment
      of lepromatous leprosy patients or that it increases cell-mediated immune
      reactivity towards M. leprae.

PMID- 371888
TI  - An evaluation of the immunoperoxidase technique in renal biopsy diagnosis.
AB  - An evaluation of the use of horseradish peroxidase labelled antisera against IgG,
      IgM, IgA and C3 compared with corresponding antisera labelled with fluorescein
      isothiocyanate has been carried out on renal biopsy material from 200 patients
      with renal disease. A disparity between the two methods was observed in 10-19% of
      the readings according to the antigen being demonstrated. The majority of
      differences recorded would not have influenced the executive diagnosis. Where the
      immunological results could have influenced the executive diagnosis, 5 probable
      false results were obtained using innumofluorescence and 4 with immunoperoxidase.
      Immunoperoxidase has the advantage over immunofluorescence in that it provides a
      permanent preparation which can be reviewed months or years later. In addition it
      provides more accurate localization of the immune deposits since the section can
      be counterstained with Mayer's hemalum and viewed by conventional light
      microscopy. In view of these advantages we recommend that serious consideration
      should be given to using immunoperoxidase in place of immunofluorescence for the
      examination of renal biopsy material.

PMID- 371889
TI  - Acute disseminated aspergillosis during the neonatal period. Report of an
      instance in a 14-day-old infant.
AB  - We describe an infant who died with extensive lesions of disseminated
      aspergillosis on the 18th day of postnatal life. Aspergillus fumigatus was
      recovered from blood cultures. Initial clinical manifestations were suggestive of
      hepatitis, and steroids and antibiotics were used in the treatment. This therapy
      may have fostered the onset of an opportunistic mycosis. Advanced multisystemic
      aspergillotic lesions were seen at autopsy, especially prominent in lungs and
      gastrointestinal tract. The extent and magnitude of the lesions observed suggest
      inception of the disease very early in life, although no case of human
      aspergillosis has been known to be congenital. Neonatal aspergillosis is poorly
      characterized. Only four previously reported cases came to our notice in which
      the disease could be diagnosed in the first month of life. The ubiquitous nature
      of pathogenic Aspergillus, joined to aggresive treatments designed to achieve
      increased survivals in neonatology, could potentially result in greater numbers
      of cases of this and other uncommon mycoses.

PMID- 371890
TI  - Measles vaccine failure. A survey of causes and means of prevention.

PMID- 371891
TI  - The child who is a Salmonella carrier. To treat or not to treat?

PMID- 371892
TI  - Practical evaluation of historical data and laboratory screening procedures for
      recognition of newborn sepsis. Results and recommendations from a study of 218
      newborns who were high risk for sepsis.

PMID- 371893
TI  - Symposium on the respiratory system.

PMID- 371894
TI  - The biochemistry of fetal lung development.

PMID- 371895
TI  - Respiratory distress syndrome.

PMID- 371896
TI  - Current therapy in hyaline membrane disease.

PMID- 371897
TI  - Meconium aspiration and other asphyxial disorders.

PMID- 371898
TI  - Pneumothorax.

PMID- 371899
TI  - The patent ductus arteriosus.

PMID- 371900
TI  - The complication of oxygen use in the newborn infant.

PMID- 371901
TI  - Follow-up studies in infants treated by mechanical ventilation.

PMID- 371902
TI  - Once-daily metoprolol in primary hypertension.
AB  - The antihypertensive effect of the selective beta-1-adrenoceptor blocker,
      metoprolol, administered once daily was evaluated in 32 patients with primary
      hypertension. After a 4-wk placebo period, the patients were treated with either
      150 mg or 300 mg of metoprolol, once daily, for 8 wk. Initially and during the
      treatment periods blood was drawn for analysis of metoprolol in plasma, plasma
      renin activity (PRA), and electrolytes, and urine was collected for determination
      of the urinary aldosterone excretion. Metoprolol reduced the blood pressure
      measured up to 26 hr after the last dose. The percentage of responders to
      metoprolol (decrease of mean arterial pressure greater than or equal to 10% over
      placebo) was 40% for patients on 150 mg and 71% for patients on 300 mg. Except in
      the standing position, heart rates were reduced for 26 hr after a 150-mg dose.
      There was a correlation between pretreatment PRA levels and antihypertensive
      effect of metoprolol in patients on 300 mg metoprolol but not in patients on 150
      mg. Urinary aldosterone decreased equally during treatment in responders and
      nonresponders. Antihypertensive effects and side effects did not correlate with
      plasma metoprolol concentrations.

PMID- 371903
TI  - The calcium carbimide-ethanol interaction: effects of ethanol dose.
AB  - In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving five male alcoholic
      volunteers, oral administration of 0.7 mg/kg of calcium carbimide (CC) 12 hr
      before ingestion of ethanol (0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 gm/kg) produced an interaction
      consisting of increased blood acetaldehyde level, tachycardia, and decreased
      diastolic blood pressure. The order of intensity of the interaction with regard
      to ethanol dose was 0.5 greater than 0.25 greater than 0.125 k gm/kg. The
      subjects were aware of a CC-ethanol interaction only for 0.25 and 0.5 gm/kg of
      ethanol, for which heart rate was elevated above 100 bpm. With the criterion of
      heart rate above 100 as indicative of the CC-ethanol interaction, the onset was
      0.25 and 0.38 hr for the 0.5 and 0.25 gm/kg ethanol doses and the duration of the
      interaction was 1.0 and 0.38 hr, respectively. There were positive linear
      correlations between blood acetaldehyde level and both heart rate and pulse
      pressure. There was appreciable individual variability in the intensity and
      duration of the interaction. Pretreatment with CC reduced the rate of ethanol
      metabolism at the 0.5 gm/kg ethanol dose.

PMID- 371904
TI  - Nosocomial infections.

PMID- 371905
TI  - [Medical treatment of some solid tumors].

PMID- 371906
TI  - [Risks of habitual chronic constipation].

PMID- 371907
TI  - Tooth loss, prosthetics and dental treatment habits in a group of Swedish men.
AB  - Dental history, dental status, the need for prosthetic treatment and dental
      treatment habits were studied in 389 men aged 21--54 years. The men were selected
      from a group undergoing military refresher training in the south of Sweden. One
      percent of the men were toothless. About 3% had full dentures in one or both jaws
      and an equal percentage had partial dentures. About 3% of the men had bridges in
      the maxilla and 2% in the mandible. Tooth loss was greatest in the mandibular
      molar segment, followed by the maxillary molar segment. By means of an index for
      dental status about 8% of the men were judged to be in great need of prosthetic
      treatment for aesthetic reasons and/or to improve occlusion. Age, place of birth,
      educational level and smoking habits were among the factors which seemed to be
      related to dental status. Seventy percent of the men reported that they went to
      the dentist once a year, while about 10% seemed rarely or never to seek dental
      treatment. Dental treatment habits were correlated to place of birth, number of
      brothers and sisters, edentulousness and the need for prosthetic treatment, among
      other factors.

PMID- 371908
TI  - A method of utilizing the subjects' initial caries experience to increase
      efficiency in caries clinical trials.
AB  - A problem which often occurs in caries clinical trials is the existence of an
      imbalance by group in the initial DMFS scores among subjects completing the
      study. Four methods of incorporating the study subjects' initial caries
      experience were identified and compared in six recently conducted clinical trials
      to see which of the methods was the most efficient in making treatment group
      comparisons of study subjects' caries increment scores. The consistent method of
      choice was one which utilized an adaptation of Grainger's caries severity index
      as a stratification factor in a blocking analysis of caries increments. The
      results suggest that more information regarding future caries exist in knowing
      where decay is present in the dentition than in knowing the subjects' total DMFS
      counts.

PMID- 371909
TI  - Effects of a selective inhibitor of type A monoamine oxidase--Lilly 51641--on
      behavior, sleep and circadian rhythms in depressed and schizophrenic patients.

PMID- 371910
TI  - An automated system for ECG monitoring.

PMID- 371911
TI  - [Literature on Nightingale and related matters - my search of the literature on
      Florence Nightingale].

PMID- 371912
TI  - Effect of the LRF-antagonist [D-pGlu1, D-Phe2, D-Trp3,6]-LRF on pregnancy in the
      rat.
AB  - The potent LRF-antagonist [D-pGlu1, D-Phe2, D-Trp3,6]-LRF (Antag.) has been
      examined for its effect in mated female rats. While 1.25 mg Antag. given b.i.d.
      for 7 days after mating prolongs pregnancy, the administration of 2.5 mg Antag.
      b.i.d. for the same period results in the complete absence of developing fetuses.

PMID- 371913
TI  - Cancer metastasis: a product of tumor-host interactions.
AB  - Metastasis continues to be the most devastating event for the patient with an
      established primary cancer. The most significant therapeutic problems are: (1)
      treatment of patients with established macrometastases, (2) identification of
      patients who have micrometastases and (3) the development of adequate adjunctive
      therapies for micrometastases. It is hoped that our evolving understanding of the
      biology of experimental metastasis and the high level of premium quality
      laboratory research ongoing in this area will result in further resolution of
      this clinical problem or, at least, a better understanding of this most extreme
      expression of the malignant phenotype.

PMID- 371914
TI  - Carotid surgery for cerebrovascular insufficiency.

PMID- 371915
TI  - Ascites: its correction by peritoneovenous shunting.
AB  - Patients with refractory ascites and HRS should be considered to present an
      urgent indication for peritoneovenous shunting. The shunt offers a method of
      continuous reinfusion of ascitic fluid which corrects avid sodium retention,
      oliguria and azotemia. Severe encephalopathy, jaundice or peritoneal sepsis-
      common complications of cirrhosis--contraindicate installation of the shunt
      before improvement occurs. Associated cardiac disease does not contraindicate the
      use of the shunt provided that ascitic fluid is removed at the time of operation
      and large amounts of diuretics are used. This operation has also proved useful in
      ascites attributed to causes other than cirrhosis. The main complications include
      disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, hepatic coma and sepsis in a few
      patients. Results of a randomized prospective study indicate that the shunt
      should probably be considered in patients with diet-resistant massive ascites
      even before they prove to be refractory to diuretic therapy.

PMID- 371916
TI  - Dr. Anthony N. Domonkos (1912-1979).

PMID- 371917
TI  - [Testing the use of new root canal filling materials].

PMID- 371918
TI  - [The use of the preparations Mundisal gel and Mundisal solution in the treatment
      of inflammations of the mouth mucosa].

PMID- 371919
TI  - [Supraosteal sutures in maxillofacial fractures].

PMID- 371920
TI  - [Experimental and clinical use of autologous bone for transplantation].

PMID- 371921
TI  - [Use of autogenous bones for the reconstruction of the mandible].

PMID- 371922
TI  - [Development of the program for teaching dentistry at the Jagiellonian University
      in the 1st part of the 19th century].

PMID- 371923
TI  - [Intra-articular use of 4-amino-N10-methyl-pteroyl-glutamic acid (methotrexate)
      for the treatment of rheumatoid synovitis].

PMID- 371924
TI  - [Microsurgery applied to bone surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 371925
TI  - [The bases of surgical treatment of cutaneous malignant melanoma].

PMID- 371926
TI  - [Diffuse multinodular haemangioma of the liver in the infant presenting as acute
      asystole and treated by ligation of the hepatic artery (author's transl)].

PMID- 371927
TI  - [In memoriam: Marcel Fevre, Honorary Member (1897-1978)].

PMID- 371928
TI  - [In memoriam: Jean Meillere, Honorary Member (1896-1978)].

PMID- 371929
TI  - [Limited crown epiplooplasty combined with proximal super-selective vagotomy in
      the treatment of perforated duodenal ulcer (author's transl)].

PMID- 371930
TI  - [Death of Georges Wolfromm, honorary member (1883-1978)].

PMID- 371931
TI  - A simple procedure for obtaining autoradiographs of G-banded chromosomes.
AB  - Chromosomal preparations from cells flash-labeled with 3H-dT were Giemsa-banded
      following trypsin digestion, allowed to air-dry, and then were coated with a
      layer of 1% Formvar. The slides were subsequently coated with radiographic
      emulsion (NTB2) and processed for autoradiography. The resulting chromosomes had
      distinct G-banding and radiographic labeling patterns. Chemographic grain
      formation in the emulsion, normally caused by Giemsa stain, was prevented by the
      film of Formvar, allowing a very low background grain level.

PMID- 371932
TI  - A probe into nuclear events during the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae:
      studies of folded chromosomes in cdc mutants which arrest in G1.
AB  - The sedimentation behavior of folded chromosomes from cell-division-cycle (cdc)
      mutants which arrest in G1 was examined. At the restrictive temperature the
      folded genome of cdc 7, which arrests after spindle pole body (SPB) separation
      and spindle formation, cosediments with a standard g1 structure, indicating that
      by the cdc 7 step the g1 form of the folded genome has been assembled. In the
      mutant, cdc 4, which arrests before SPB separation but after SPB duplication, a
      standard g1 structure is not formed. cdc 4 cells, however, are able to enter G0
      at the restrictive temperature, and the corresponding go structure is stable.
      These results indicate that the cdc 4 gene product may be involved in the
      development of folded genome conformation which leads to the g1 structure. Since
      the cdc 4 gene product is required for SPB separation, the g1 structure may be
      defined by an association between chromosomes and spindle components. The folded
      chromosomes of the "start" mutants cdc 25 and cdc 28 are unstable at the
      restrictive temperature. In contrast to cdc 4, neither cdc 25 nor cdc 28 are able
      to enter the G0 stage in a normal manner, i.e., the g0 structure is unstable at
      the restrictive temperature. The inference is that both the cdc 25 and cdc 28
      gene products are required for the functional integrity of the folded genome at
      both a stage early in G1 and in the pathway to G0.

PMID- 371933
TI  - A sequential analysis of meiosis in the male mouse using a restricted
      spermatocyte population obtained by a hydroxyurea/triaziquone treatment.
AB  - A method is described to restrict the spermatocyte population in mice and other
      rodents using hydroxyurea (HU) and triaziquone (T). HU affects cells in S-phase,
      whereas T is an agent especially active on spermatogonia and not on
      spermatocytes. An application of three i.p. HU injections with 12 h intervals,
      followed about nine days later by one i.p. T injection creates two large gaps in
      the spermatogenic line. The two gaps enclose a small, well-defined group of
      primary spermatocytes in meiotic interphase. - The development of the restricted
      spermatocyte population is followed day by day. The analysis of meiosis in male
      mice has revealed the correct sequence of meiotic, and especially prophase I
      stages. On account of clearly visible differences in chromosome morphology the
      diplotene stage could be divided into three periods. It is suggested to use the
      following nomenclature: pre-diffuse diplotene, diffuse diplotene and post-difuse
      diplotene. The experiment was also informative about the timing of the stages in
      spermatocyte development by correlating the days at which the successive stages
      were observed with the corresponding stage of the epithelial cycle. The
      calculation of the position and duration of the diffuse diplotene, enables us to
      put forward a proposal about the significance of the diffuse diplotene. - A
      combination of the HU/T method with cell separation techniques provides good
      perspectives for detailed biochemical studies on processes taking place during
      meiosis.

PMID- 371934
TI  - The transanal anastomosis: a sphincter-saving operation with improved continence.

PMID- 371935
TI  - Telescoping anastomosis of the colon: a comparative study.
AB  - The incidence of large-intestinal anastomotic leaks remains unacceptably high.
      For this reason, we studied the resistance to dehiscence of a telescoping type of
      anastomosis and compared it with the conventional one-layer, two-layer, and
      stapled anastomoses in a canine model. These experiments demonstrated that the
      telescoping anastomosis provided a more resistant suture line during the early
      postoperative phase and did not cause encroachment of the lumen by the diaphragm,
      which was consistently produced when an inverting suture line was used. Three
      days postoperatively the mean bursting pressures of the one-layer, two-layer, and
      stapled anastomoses were 31 +/- 12, 120 +/- 46, and 52 +/- 21 mm Hg,
      respectively. The telescoping anastomosis had a mean bursting pressure of 210 +/-
      44 mm Hg, which was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher than those of all the
      other anastomoses tested. However, seven and 14 days after operation, there was
      no statistically significant difference among the bursting pressures of the
      various anastomoses. When the different types of anastomoses were examined
      histologically, it was found that there was considerably more suture-line
      inflammation, edema, micro-abscess formation, mucosal ulceration and pericolic
      inflammation of the fat in the one-layer, two-layer, and stapled anastomoses than
      in the telescoping anastomosis.

PMID- 371936
TI  - Continent ileostomy: a new technique in the dog.

PMID- 371937
TI  - Antimitochondrial antibodies: reagent variables may lead to diagnostic error.
AB  - Laboratory-prepared and commercially obtained fluorescein-labeled rabbit
      antihuman IgG were compared in performing the antimitochondria antibody (AMA)
      assay. Identical results were obtained using either of the fluorescent antisera
      at protein concentrations of 1.5 mg/ml and 1:10 dilutions of patients' sera.
      Positive AMA tests with either antisera were observed in each of 7 patients with
      primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), 2 of 83 patients with miscellaneous hepatic
      diseases, and in 1 of 24 patients with extrahepatic biliary obstruction (EBO) of
      2-24 weeks duration. However, when undiluted commercial fluorescent antiserum
      (15.8 mg protein/ml) was substituted in the assay, sera from 11 of 23 AMA
      negative patients with EBO and 12 of 15 with miscellaneous liver diseases
      demonstrated an atypical fluorescence located primarily along the periphery of
      the rat renal tubules. Thus, if the conjugated antibody is not adjusted to an
      optimal protein concentration, this atypical fluorescence could be interpreted as
      a positive AMA test and lead to diagnostic error.

PMID- 371940
TI  - New dimensions in digestive physiology.

PMID- 371939
TI  - Different gastric, pancreatic, and biliary responses to solid-liquid or
      homogenized meals.
AB  - We have compared responses to an ordinary solid-liquid (S) meal and to a
      homogenized (H) meal of identical composition (sirloin steak, bread, butter, ice
      cream with chocolate syrup, and water) by measuring simultaneously postprandial
      gastric, pancreatic, and biliary functions by marker-perfusion techniques.
      Responses to each (S or H) meals differed strikingly both in magnitude and
      pattern. S meals elicited a stronger early gastric secretory response (acid,
      pepsin, and volume) which compensated for faster initial emptying and resulted in
      higher gastric acidity and volume than after H meals. Further, nutrients ingested
      with S meals were emptied at a slower rate than H (as evidenced by a more gradual
      decline in intragastric buffer and osmolality, as well as time required for
      complete emptying of the meal). This, in turn, prolonged pancreatic and biliary
      responses since stimulation of these organs continued for as long as meal was
      delivered into the duodenum. However, early biliary outputs (gallbladder
      response) were less after S than H, probably because nutrients entered the
      duodenum more slowly and were initially diluted by rapidly emptying water. The
      physical characteristics of each meal (encompassing appearance, taste, and form
      of ingestion) probably accounted for early differences in digestive responses.
      Later, interactions between gastric (motor and secretory), pancreatic, and
      biliary functions played a major role. Our findings suggest that gastric,
      pancreatic, and biliary responses to liquid test meals introduced into the
      stomach may differ substantially from the presumably more physiological response
      to ordinary solid-liquid meals.

PMID- 371938
TI  - A review of upper-gastrointestinal effects of the newer nonsteroidal
      antiinflammatory agents.
AB  - Newer nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents (NSAI's) such as ibuprofen, neproxen,
      fenoprofen, and tolmetin have broadened the therapeutic choice and increased the
      chances of providing optimum arthritis control, but require careful assessment of
      the possibilities for unwanted drug effects when long-term therapy is required. A
      review of the literature on the gastrointestinal effects of the promising newer
      NSAIs, as compared with the older agents, aspirin, indomethacin, and
      phenylbutazone, is presented, highlighting animal toxicology and human adverse
      reaction surveillance data and the evidence for various suggested
      pathophysiological mechanisms.

PMID- 371941
TI  - [Structure and functioning of the kanamycin transposon of actinomycetes
      transferred in vitro into Escherichia coli K-12].

PMID- 371942
TI  - [In memoriam Oscar Felsenfeld (1906--1978). Life and science in the shadow of the
      20th century].

PMID- 371943
TI  - [Pre-orthodontic surgical treatment of retained or ectopic teeth in juvenile
      dentitions].
AB  - For orthodontic and gnathologic reasons, impacted teeth in adolescents should not
      be extracted but rather placed in their appropriate positions. This article deals
      with the surgical aspects of a combined surgical and orthodontic methods for
      incorporating these teeth into the dental arch. The procedure for lifting the
      gingival tissue to expose the impacted tooth and the application of a plastic
      attachment via "direct bonding" were described.

PMID- 371944
TI  - [Defect and filling therapy by means of dental enamel etching in the deciduous
      dentition].
AB  - The cauterization of enamal for treating defects and filling decidious teeth was
      studied clinically and with the raster electron microscope. Results up to now
      tend to indicate that this procedure is particularly well suited for decidious
      teeth and that it will be an increasingly important procedure in the future.

PMID- 371945
TI  - [The change of dimensions in bonded crowns].
AB  - The dimension of the crown is changed when the ceramic mass is fased. The
      reduction in dimension in the mesiodistal direction is greater than in the
      buccolingual direction when the crown is faced on one side. This shrinkage
      influences the exact fit of the crown faced with ceramic material. The form of
      the crown faced with plastic also changed; this change however was a deformation
      rather than a shrinkage.

PMID- 371946
TI  - [Evaluation and habits of wearing model cast prostheses--results of an inquiry
      among patients].
AB  - An evaluation was made of 1246 questionnaires. A difference could be established
      between patients wearing prostheses for the first time and patients wearing
      prostheses over a long period of time. No differences were demonstrable between
      men and women. Age-related differences could not be determined, the treated jaw
      did not influence the evaluation, and there was no relationship between the type
      of prosthesis and the subjective statements given by the patients.

PMID- 371947
TI  - [Gnathologic aspects in total prostheses].
AB  - Using a combination of the all-oral procedure (M. Hofmann), the Lauritzen
      technique, and the TMJ system, it is possible to construct dental prostheses
      geared to the individual patient for individuals whose teeth have all been
      extracted. This rational procedure was introduced and discussed.

PMID- 371948
TI  - [Comparative studies of the relationship between the margin of the crown and the
      free gingiva].

PMID- 371949
TI  - [The anatomical course of the mandibular canal--a computer assisted trigonometric
      radiographic interpretation].
AB  - The mandibular canal was demonstrated on two stereoscopic radiographs which
      correspond radiographically to isolated films of the mandible. The central ray
      forms 20 degrees and a 50 degrees angle with the camperian plane on the
      radiograph. A reference pointer attached to the teeth is also reproduced on the
      film. The angle and direction of the central ray is computed on the basis of the
      diagram of the reference pointer. A defined adjustment therefore is unnecessary
      when the radiograph is being taken. The coordinates of the mandibular canal and
      the surrounding root tips are accurately computed with a programmable computer.

PMID- 371950
TI  - Developmental changes in the response of male and female rat pituitary to LH-RH
      in vitro.
AB  - Changes in the binding of 125I-LH-RH and the sensitivity of male and female rat
      pituitary of LH-RH were measured in vitro from the 5th to 60th day of age.
      Pituitaries of all the age groups were responsive to LH-RH. Two phases of
      pituitary sensitivity to LH-RH could be detected in both the male and female rat.
      The first phase or the period of low sensitivity extended up to the day 14, while
      the second one or the period of high sensitivity started from the day 15 onwards.
      During the second period the sensitivity of female pituitary to LH-RH was
      significantly higher than that of male one. In the female pituitary the changes
      in the sensitivity to LH-RH were parallel to changes in 125I-LH-RH binding.
      However, in the male pituitary 125I-LH-RH binding was higher while the
      sensitivity of pituitary to LH-RH was compatively lower than in the female rat.
      It is postulated that two different types of receptors may be involved in the
      stimulation of LH-RH induced LH release from the male and female pituitary.

PMID- 371951
TI  - Insulin secretion and the morphological and metabolic characteristics of
      pancreatic islets of hyperthyroid ob/ob mice.
AB  - Thyroxine treatment induced experimental hyperthyroidism in ob/ob mice, inhibited
      glucose-induced insulin secretion from the isolated perfused ob/ob mouse
      pancreas, and reduced total pancreas insulin content. In contrast, glucose
      induced insulin release from incubated pancreatic islets and insulin content of
      pancreatic islets from ob/ob mice isolated by freehand microdissection were not
      reduced after thyroxine treatment when expressed per microgram dry islet.
      Histological examination of the ob/ob mouse pancreas revealed islets without
      degenerative lesions of islet cells. Granularity of beta cells was well
      preserved. The average number of pancreatic islets was unchanged. However, the
      beta cell area was significantly decreased in relation to the total pancreatic
      parenchyma after thyroxine treatment. This implies that insulin release and
      content per pancreatic islet was half of that of the controls. ATP content of
      islets was slightly reduced. Glucose oxidation and glucose utilization by islets
      from treated mice were slightly increased. Thyroxine treatment of the animals did
      not abolish the stimulation of 45Ca2+ uptake by glucose, but it did suppress the
      potentiating effect of fasting on the stimulatory effect of glucose on 45Ca2+
      uptake. The metabolic characteristics of islets from experimentally hyperthyroid
      mice are those of all hyperthyroid tissues. The results provide no evidence for
      the view that the effects of thyroxine treatment may be due to disturbed
      metabolic function or energy deprivation of pancreatic islets. Inhibition of
      insulin secretion from the pancreas after thyroxine administration is apparently
      due to a reduction in pancreas insulin content and a diminished pancreatic islet
      volume. Reduced pancreatic islet volume represents most probably a reduction of
      individual islet cell volume.

PMID- 371952
TI  - The effects of vitamin A on insulin release and glucose oxidation in isolated rat
      islets.
AB  - We tested the effects of vitamin A, a membrane surface-active agent, on glucose
      (16.7 mM)-induced biphasic insulin release from collagenase-isolated rat islets.
      Also, efforts were made to correlate the effects of vitamin A with glucose
      oxidation. Vitamin A (10(-4) M) inhibited first- and second phase insulin
      release; 10(-5) M vitamin A inhibited second phase release only and to a lesser
      extent than that observed with 10(-4) M vitamin A; and 10(-6) M vitamin A had no
      effect. Vitamin A (10(-7) M) stimulated biphasic insulin release. Exposure to
      high glucose (27.8 mM) overcame the effects of 10(-4) M vitamin A on first phase
      release, but not on second phase release of insulin. Exposure to 10(-5) M
      hydrocortisone opposed the effects of 10(-4) M vitamin A on both phases of
      insulin release. Vitamin A (10(-4) and 10(-5) M) inhibited glucose oxidation by
      islets, as measured by the production of 14CO2 from [14C]glucose. The effects of
      vitamin A on insulin release were dissociated in part from those effects on
      glucose oxidation, in that hydrocortisone opposed the effect of vitamin A on
      insulin release but not on glucose oxidation. The effects of vitamin A on insulin
      secretion can best be explained by the interaction of vitamin A at multiple sites
      affecting the membrane and intracellular glucose oxidation.

PMID- 371953
TI  - Secretion of "inhibin" by rat granulosa cells in vitro.
AB  - Rat granulosa cells secrete a substance in vitro that acts directly upon cultured
      rat pituitary cells to preferentially suppress FSH production. It is inferred
      from these results that the granulosa cell is a source of ovarian "inhibin" and
      that the pituitary gonadotroph is a site of "inhibin" action.

PMID- 371954
TI  - On the biochemical nature of triose- and hexose-stimulated insulin secretion.
AB  - The differential effects of several specific inhibitors of intermediary
      metabolism, mannoheptulose, 2-deoxylucose, and iodoacetate, were studied with
      isolated perifused pancreatic islets stimulated with glucose, mannose,
      glyceraldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, or alpha-ketoisocaproate. Insulin release rates
      and/or capacities to metabolize these caloric stimuli served as indicators of the
      inhibitors' actions. Mannoheptulose and 2-deoxyglucose blocked hexose-stimulated
      hormone release and hexose metabolism concomitantly, but left the functional and
      metabolic actions of trioses unaltered. Iodoacetate blocked hexose- and triose
      stimulated hormone release as well as their metabolism in a parallel fashion. The
      action of alpha-ketoisocaproate was not affected by any of these three inhibitory
      agents. The data are most easily explained by a theory that incorporates
      metabolic signals, arising during the degradation of insulin-releasing fuel
      molecules, as an integral component in the process of beta-cell stimulation.

PMID- 371955
TI  - Chronic effects of [D-Trp6-Pro9-NEt]luteinizing hormone-releasing factor on
      reproductive processes in the female rat.
AB  - LRF and one of its highly potent analogs, [D-Trp6-Pro9-NEt]LRF (A), were tested
      for their effects on pregnancy. Daily doses of A prevented implantation and/or
      caused resorption of implanted blastocysts in mated female rats. This effect was
      dose related and was most evident when given in regimens including days 5-7 or
      days 9-10 or pregnancy. LRF also has antigonadal effects, but at much higher
      doses than A. The use of corn oil vs. 0.1% gelatin-saline improved the
      effectiveness of low doses of A. Termination of pregnancy in A- or LRF-treated
      rats is most probably due to the markedly diminished progesterone secretion,
      which could result from the secretion of biologically inactive gonadotropins,
      reduced pituitary responsiveness to endogenous LRF, or down-regulation of gonadal
      receptors for LH.

PMID- 371956
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Artur Ber].

PMID- 371957
TI  - The evolution and present status of mediastinoscopy.

PMID- 371958
TI  - Techniques of diagnostic and operative endoscopy of the head and neck. Endoscopy
      of ear, cerebellopontine angle, nose, paranasal sinuses, larynx, oro- and
      hypophyarynx.

PMID- 371959
TI  - German Society for Endoscopy. Membership list 1978.

PMID- 371960
TI  - The effects of vitamin E on serum enzyme levels following heavy exercise.

PMID- 371961
TI  - Cobalt(III) labeling of methionyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Native and trypsin-modified methionyl-tRNA synthetases from Escherichia coli were
      found to be inactivated by incubation in the presence of Co(III) complexes of
      ATP, stabilized either by imidazole or phenanthroline, or by oxidation in situ to
      Co(III) of the substrate ATP-Co(II). It has been shown that the inactivation
      proceeds by specific labeling of the catalytic ATP-Mg(II) site of the
      synthetases. The enzymes are completely inactivated by the incorporation of one
      cobalt atom and one ATP molecule per active site. The inactivated enzymes may be
      stored for a long period without significant reactivation or removal of the
      cobalt label. In the presence of dithiothreitol or 2-mercaptoethanol, the labeled
      enzymes recover full activity with concomittant release of the bound label
      molecules.

PMID- 371962
TI  - Defect in the split proteins of 30-S ribosomal subunits and under-methylation of
      16-S ribosomal RNA in a polyamine-requiring mutant of Escherichia coli grown in
      the absence of polyamines.
AB  - Polyphenylalanine synthesis was carried out with Escherichia coli Q13 50-S
      ribosomal subunits and reconstituted 30-S particles containing different
      combinations of 23-S core particles and 30-S subunit split proteins obtained from
      a polyamine-requiring mutant of E. coli during its growth in the presence or
      absence of putrescine. It was concluded that the defect in the amount of some
      kinds of 30-S subunit split proteins was responsible for the decrease of
      polypeptide synthesis in a polyamine-requiring mutant of E. coli grown in the
      absence of polyamines. The methylation of 16-S RNA during growth in the absence
      of putrescine was decreased, while the degree of methylation of 23-S RNA did not
      change significantly. The decrease in methylation of 16-S RNA in the absence of
      putrescine was due mainly to a decrease of methylation of adenine. The
      relationship between the decrease of polypeptide synthetic activity of 30-S
      ribosomal subunits obtained from a polyamine-requiring mutant of E. coli grown in
      the absence of polyamines and the decrease of methylation of 16-S RNA is
      discussed.

PMID- 371963
TI  - Purification and characterization of the hypoxanthine-guanine
      phosphoribosyltransferase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - 1. Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.8) from Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae was purified 9400-fold by affinity chromatography giving rise to an
      electrophoretically homogeneous preparation. 2. The molecular weight of the
      enzyme was determined by gel filtration with Sephadex G-100 and by sodium
      dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis. Both methods reveal a molecular weight of
      51,000. 3. The enzyme requires Mg2+ and has its pH optimum at 8.5. 4. Isoelectric
      focussing as well as gel electrophoresis of the purified extract reveals a single
      band which exhibits enzyme activity. The isoelectric point of the enzyme is 5.1.
      5. The enzyme displays Michaelis-Menten kinetics with apparent Michaelis
      constants for hypoxanthine, guanine and phosphoribosylpyrophosphate of 23
      microns, 18 microns, and 50 microns respectively.

PMID- 371964
TI  - Respiratory control in Escherichia coli K 12.

PMID- 371965
TI  - Association of the prophage P1ban protein with the dnaB protein of Escherichia
      coli. Overproduction of ban protein by a P1bac crr mutant.

PMID- 371966
TI  - The mitochondrial COB region in yeast codes for apocytochrome b and is mosaic.
AB  - Mitochondrial mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae defective in cytochrome b were
      analyzed genetically and biochemically in order to elucidate the role of the
      mitochondrial genetic system in the biosynthesis of this cytochrome. The mutants
      mapped between OLI1 and OLI2 on mitochondrial DNA in a region called COB. A fine
      structure map of the COB region was constructed by rho- deletion mapping and
      recombination analysis. The combined genetic and biochemical data indicate that
      the COB region is mosaic and contains at least five distinct clusters of mutants,
      A-E, with A being closest to OLI2 and E being closest to OLI1. Clusters A, C and
      E are probably coding regions for apocytochrome b, whereas clusters B and D seem
      to be involved in as yet unknown functions. These conclusions rest on the
      following evidence. 1. Most mutants in clusters A, C and E have specifically lost
      cytochrome b. Many of them accumulate smaller mitochondrial translation products;
      some of these were identified as fragments of apocytochrome b by proteolytic
      fingerprinting. The molecular weight of these fragments depends on the map
      position of the mutant, increasing in the direction OLI2 leads to OLI1. The
      mutant closest to OLI1 accumulates an apocytochrome b which is slightly larger
      than that of wild type. 2. A mutant in cluster C exhibits a spectral absorption
      band of cytochrome b that is shifted 1.5 nm to the red. 3. Mutants in clusters B
      and D are pleiotropic. A majority of them are conditional and lack the absorption
      bands of both cytochrome b and cytochrome aa3; these mutants also fail to
      accumulate apocytochrome b and subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase and instead form
      a large number of abnormal translation products whose nature is unknown. 4.
      Zygotic complementation tests reveal at least two complementation groups: The
      first group includes all mutants in cluster B and the second group includes
      mutants in clusters (A + C + D + E).

PMID- 371967
TI  - Translational fidelity and specificity of ribosomes cleaved by cloacin DF13.
AB  - The effect of cloacin DF13 cleavage on several functional properties of the
      ribosome has been studied in a translational system in vitro. Cleaved ribosomes
      synthesize relatively shorter polypeptide chains on synthetic and natural
      templates. Their translational specificity is, however, unchanged as judged by
      the read-out of MS2 RNA. Here, cleaved as well as control ribosomes start
      translation only on the coat cistron of the phage RNA. Cloacin cleavage of
      ribosomes increases their fidelity of translation. Differential inhibition of
      translation of synthetic and natural template was not observed.

PMID- 371968
TI  - Late prognosis in acute posttransplant renal failure in 102 patients.
AB  - An ivestigation was made of the effect of the duration of posttransplant renal
      failure on the late prognosis of graft as well as patient survival and on the
      frequency of complications in 102 patients who had a functioning graft at three
      months after transplantation. A direct correlation was found between duration of
      acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and the late prognosis of the graft. The creatinine
      clearance was significantly higher and the frequency of complications was lower
      in the group with immediate resumption of renal function. The mortality rate
      increased with the duration of ATN.

PMID- 371969
TI  - The contribution of France to the progress of urology.

PMID- 371970
TI  - Localization of tropomyosin in sea urchin eggs.

PMID- 371971
TI  - Thymic involvement in control of bone marrow growth. Use of T-cell-depleted
      hybrid mice.
AB  - Because of mounting evidence of involvement of thymus-derived cells in blood
      formation we have studied the growth of transplanted bone marrow in mice
      extensively depleted of T-lymphocytes (TCD). Poor growth of parental marrow was
      found not to be appreciably altered in TCD hybrid recipients. However, parental
      thymic lymphocytes even in massive doses were not able to augment hemopoiesis in
      TCD hosts, in contrast to findings from sham-thymectomized or age control mice.
      This indication that a third (host) cell takes part in the thymocyte-marrow stem
      cell interaction was reinforced by the finding that isogenic (hybrid) thymocytes
      administered to TCD mice 5 weeks before the final irradiation restored their
      ability to support thymocyte-induced augmentation of parental marrow growth. Data
      were obtained from theta-poor sham-thymectomized irradiated controls which are
      interpreted as evidence for a suppressor T cell. Thymocytes administered with
      marrow produced a shift toward granulopoiesis in TCD mice as well as in controls.
      From this finding we infer that although thymus-derived cells are intimately
      involved in regulation of myelopoiesis, the effect of administered thymic
      lymphocytes on the differentiative pathway does not depend on host T cells.

PMID- 371972
TI  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase as a leukemic marker in bone marrow
      transplant recipients.
AB  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase was measured in bone marrow samples from
      five patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in relapse before bone marrow
      transplantation and serially thereafter. This enzyme seems to be a sensitive
      marker which can serve as an early indicator of recurrence of the disease. It is
      not influenced by clinical graft-versus-host reaction.

PMID- 371973
TI  - The collection, preservation and function of peripheral blood hematopoietic cells
      in dogs.
AB  - Semicontinuous flow centrifugation (SFC) was employed in canines to obtain
      adequate numbers of cells for autologous marrow repopulation following
      supralethal cyclophosphamide administration (100 mg per kg). Four cycles using a
      225 ml bowl and 30 ml per minute flow rate were carried out for procurement.
      Collections averaged 8.4 +/- 0.4 x 10(9) (n = 30) leukocytes. Mononuclear cells
      (MNC) comprised 75 +/- 2% of the population and granulocyte colony-forming units
      (CFU-C) totaled 1.9 +/- 0.09 x 10(5) colonies per collection. Eighty-six percent
      of mononuclear cells were "T" cells in the 30 to 90 second fraction compared to
      49% at 150 to 120 seconds. CFU-C fractionation revealed a peak at 30-210 seconds
      and a second peak at 120-210 seconds. Following programed freezing and rapid
      thawing 77.7 +/- 11.4% of CFU-C were recovered. Using a dose of 1 x10(9) MNC per
      kg for reinfusion, marrow repopulation and clinical recovery occurred in four out
      of four dogs. It was concluded that 1) SFC was effective for obtaining adequate
      numbers of peripheral blood stem cells for autologous marrow repopulation. 2) A
      rapid thawing and direct transfusion technique appears satisfactory for
      administration. 3) Some separation of "T", "B" and CFU-C peripheral blood
      components is possible by centrifugation.

PMID- 371974
TI  - Chelation therapy in beta-thalassemia major: a one-year double blind study of 2,3
      dihydroxybenzoic acid.
AB  - A year-long double-blind study of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHB) given
      orally at a dose of 25 mg/kg four times per day was undertaken in 15 patients
      with beta-thalassemia major. 2,3-DHB and placebo (mannitol) were tolerated to an
      equal degree and there were no signs of drug toxicity at the end of 1 year.
      Efficacy in terms of retardation of iron accumulation could be documented using
      serial liver biopsies, serum ferritin determinations, or clinical laboratory
      assessment. Serum iron values increased, as did the iron binding capacity, in the
      group receiving 2,3-DHB. The increase in iron binding capacity was due to drug
      interference with the method of determination. Because of the greater efficacy of
      slow infusions of desferrioxamine in chelating iron when administered slowly, the
      clinic has shifted its emphasis toward further evaluation of that compound.
      Nevertheless, in view of the minimal toxicity of 2,3-DHB, further work appears
      warranted to define its role in the treatment of iron-overload.

PMID- 371975
TI  - Elimination of platelets from mononuclear cell preparations using heat-killed
      yeast.
AB  - A new method for reducing platelet contamination in mononuclear cell preparations
      using heat killed yeast is presented. Yeast cells are added to the buffy coat of
      peripheral blood, incubated at 37 degrees C for 1 hour, layered over a Ficoll
      Hypaque gradient, and centrifuged at 700 g for 30 minutes at room temperature.
      The cells at the interface are collected and evaluated for platelet count,
      lymphocyte surface markers, and mononuclear cell recovery. With increasing yeast
      concentration, the platelet count decreases to 93% over control values. No
      detectable lymphocyte subset is removed by this method. Cell recovery varies, but
      seems to decrease with the addition of higher concentrations of yeast cells.
      Normal plasma is required for the successful removal of platelets. Heat
      inactivated plasma significantly reduces the efficiency of platelet removal.

PMID- 371976
TI  - The regenerative capacity of the pancreas in duct-ligated rats.

PMID- 371977
TI  - [Determination of vitamin B 12 in combination with a liver extract using a
      chemico-microbiological method].

PMID- 371978
TI  - Nitrogen fixation and bioenergetics: the role of ATP in nitrogenase catalysis.

PMID- 371979
TI  - Hydrolysis of GTP by the elongation factor Tu.kirromycin complex. Specific action
      of monovalent cations.

PMID- 371980
TI  - The stoichiometry and reconstitution of a stable protein complex from Escherichia
      coli ribosomes.

PMID- 371981
TI  - Reading of the lysine codons in the MS 2 coat protein cistron during protein
      synthesis in vitro.

PMID- 371982
TI  - An ADP- and atractyloside-binding protein involved in ADP/ATP transport in yeast
      mitochondria. Isolation and amino acid composition.

PMID- 371983
TI  - Constant peptidoglycan density in the sacculus of Escherichia coli B/r growing at
      different rates.

PMID- 371984
TI  - Cell-free synthesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae catalase T.

PMID- 371985
TI  - Conformational changes in ribosomes induced by alcohols.

PMID- 371986
TI  - Metal-directed affinity labelling. Inactivation and inhibition studies of two
      zinc alcohol dehydrogenases with twelve imidazole derivatives.

PMID- 371987
TI  - Differential transcription of fd RFI DNA by Caulobacter crescentus and
      Escherichia coli RNA polymerases.

PMID- 371988
TI  - Partial characterization of a second basement membrane collagen in human
      placenta. Evidence for the existence of two type IV collagen molecules.

PMID- 371989
TI  - [Experience in the activities of an immunologist assistant].

PMID- 371990
TI  - Clomiphene citrate in the management of infertility associated with shortened
      luteal phases.
AB  - Repetitively short luteal phases were found in eight infertile women. The short
      luteal phase was defined as 10 days or less from the presumed time of ovulation
      (as assessed by basal body temperature recording) to the onset of menses.
      Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) therapy resulted in pregnancy in two patients and
      lengthened the luteal phase in the other six. Ultimately, seven of eight patients
      conceived during Clomid therapy. Clomid therapy can lengthen the luteal phase in
      patients with luteal temperature elevation of 10 days or less. The occurrence of
      short luteal phases may be associated with infertility.

PMID- 371991
TI  - Contraceptive properties of endotoxin in rabbits.
AB  - Endotoxin derived from Salmonella enteritidis-Boivin at a dose of 20
      micrograms/kg intravenously interfered with follicular rupture normally induced
      by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in rabbits. This action was greatest when
      the endotoxin was given 5 to 6 hours after the administration of hCG. The failure
      of follicular rupture resulted in entrapment of ova. Endotoxin (5 micrograms/kg)
      given intravenously to rabbits on day 4 of pregnancy resulted in failure of
      implantation. Indomethacin (2 micrograms/kg) given intramuscularly concomitantly
      was unable to reverse this action. Endotoxin (5 micrograms/kg) given
      intravenously to rabbits on day 8 of pregnancy had an immediate lethal action on
      embryonic development, and this effect was inhibited by concomitant indomethacin
      treatment. Nevertheless, most fetuses died after the indomethacin treatment.
      Whether this was due to a direct toxic action of indomethacin or to a secondary
      action of endotoxin not blocked by indomethacin is not clear. Endotoxin did not
      exert its antifertility actions through a luteolytic mechanism.

PMID- 371992
TI  - Genome structure and replication of oncornaviruses.

PMID- 371993
TI  - Effect of native and modified bull seminal ribonuclease on tumour and testicular
      cells and phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated pig lymphocytes.
AB  - The carboxymethylated, oxidized and reduced forms of AS RNase inhibited
      transplantability and DNA synthesis of tumour cells BP-8 and EL-4 incubated in
      vitro. With tumour cells EL-4 the results under in vitro conditions did not not
      correspond to those obtained under the conditions in vivo. The survival of mice
      given injections of EL-4 cells and of the native and carboxymethylated AS RNase
      was only slightly prolonged. Mice that received intra-abdominally BP-8 cells and
      both carboxymethylated and oxidized and reduced forms of AS RNase survived two or
      three times longer than the controls. Succinylation and maleylation of AS RNase
      eliminated any antitumoral effect. Aspermatogenic activity of AS RNase was
      abolished by any modification of the molecule which had substantially reduced, or
      removed, the RNase activity. Neither native nor modified forms of AS RNase had an
      inhibitory effect on unstimulated pig lymphocytes. The DNA synthesis of PHA
      stimulated lymphocytes was inhibited by the native and carboxymethylated AS RNase
      only. Bovine pancreatic A RNase had any inhibitory effect on neither tumour nor
      testicular cells.

PMID- 371994
TI  - Detection of thymosin 5 in calf and mouse thymus and in nude mouse dysgenetic
      thymus.
AB  - Thymosin 5 was traced in calf and mouse thymuses by fluorochrome-labelled rabbit
      anti-calf thymosin. The presence of thymosin 5 or its individual components was
      found 1. in groups of cortical epithelial cells in calf thymuses and in single
      cortical epithelial cells in mouse thymuses. 2. In some marginal (blastema) cells
      of the thymus cortex of calves and 14-day-old mice. 3. In perivascular epithelial
      cells of the calf thymus. 4. In occasional medullary epithelial cells of the calf
      and mouse thymus. In all cases there was a marked alternation of entirely
      negative and positive cell-containing thymic lobuli. In 4 of 13 cases
      comparatively strong positivity was found in tightyly arranged epithelial cells
      in an individual acinus in the dysgenetic thymus of nude mice, the positive cases
      being concentrated among the youngest mice studied.

PMID- 371995
TI  - The failure to induce allotransplantation tolerance with serum in mice.
AB  - The possibility of allotransplantation tolerance induction with serum in newborn
      and adult mice was investigated. In comparison with the previous findings in pigs
      and rats, not even a prolongation of skin graft survival was obtained in the
      treated recipient mice.

PMID- 371996
TI  - [Clinical studies on inducing ovulation with (des-gly10) (pro9-ethylamide)-LH-RH
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 371997
TI  - Family formation and the life cycle.
AB  - Mathematical expressions are developed for certain life cycles when only the age
      specific birth and death rates are known. The probability at birth that a woman
      will have a specified number of children and the expected length of time spent
      before the first birth, between the first and the last child, and between the
      last child and the time of the woman's death are shown to be calculable.
      Expressions for the probability of at least one child outliving the mother and
      for the expected number of children outliving the mother are also developed and
      are evaluated for three selected countries with different birth and death rates
      to show how these life cycles depend on birth and death rates.

PMID- 371998
TI  - Validation of an inferential approach for the measurement of illegitimacy.
AB  - An inferential model which utilizes surname comparisons in inferring legitimacy
      status is developed and validated. Criterion validation is employed to assess the
      level of agreement between the inferential approach and the conventional
      reporting procedure. Data for the analysis are based on a sample of birth
      certificates contained in files of the National Center for Health Statistics for
      calendar year 1973. Results indicate that despite excessive error within some
      categories of the control variables, the inferential method is generally adequate
      to obtain reliable estimates of illegitimacy.

PMID- 371999
TI  - Social background composition and educational growth.
AB  - This paper examines the impact of intercohort changes in social background
      composition on changes in grade progression rates at selected schooling levels.
      It presents formal arguments that the relative and absolute effects of background
      composition on grade progression rates should decline over levels of schooling,
      and using data for white males born beteen 1907 and 1951, offers empirical
      support for these arguments. Whereas twentieth century increases in average
      educational attainment are primarily due to increases in grade progression rates
      at the elementary and secondary levels, future growth must occur through
      increases in transition rates beyond high school, given the near universality of
      high school graduation for cohorts born at midcentury. Our analysis shows that
      postsecondary progression rates are much less responsive to changes in family
      background composition than rates in the schooling process. Despite intercohort
      changes in background composition that are increasingly favorable to educational
      attainment, future educational growth may be slower than past growth because
      compositional effects on average attainment will be through progression rates
      where the effects are weak.

PMID- 372000
TI  - [Prosthetic concerns in a patient with a severe mandibular prognathism].

PMID- 372001
TI  - [Practice of dental technology (II)].

PMID- 372002
TI  - [Porcelain bridges with metal frames in traditional and in porcelain-press
      procedures].

PMID- 372004
TI  - [Practice of dental technology (VI)].

PMID- 372003
TI  - [Practice of dental technology (XII)].

PMID- 372005
TI  - [Prosthetic considerations for an implant anchored denture].

PMID- 372006
TI  - [Plastics--errors, causes, remedies].

PMID- 372007
TI  - [Modern preheating and pouring procedures. Technically realizable, economically
      feasible].

PMID- 372009
TI  - [Pressure forming and high vacuum procedures].

PMID- 372008
TI  - [Exhausting the oven].

PMID- 372010
TI  - [The canine should not be cut. Construction of a four-jointed bridge without
      articulator].

PMID- 372011
TI  - [Champfer-shoulder-pin attachment (III)].

PMID- 372012
TI  - [The top surface of cast gold].

PMID- 372014
TI  - [Designing a cast prosthesis (II)].

PMID- 372013
TI  - [The TMJ method (II)].

PMID- 372015
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint and mounting instruments (II)].

PMID- 372016
TI  - Selecting the right overdenture precision attachment.

PMID- 372017
TI  - Matching fixed restorations to human dentition.

PMID- 372018
TI  - Bar-and rider systems.

PMID- 372019
TI  - Prevention update.

PMID- 372020
TI  - [Artificial gums constructed to cover exposed cervical areas].

PMID- 372021
TI  - [Evolution of the concept of retention of complete total prosthesis].

PMID- 372022
TI  - [Immediate prosthesis].

PMID- 372023
TI  - [Notes on the equipment "HERAEUS GL-G 77"].

PMID- 372024
TI  - Phonic modification leads to patient tranquility.

PMID- 372025
TI  - Fixed bridge placement following endodontic therapy and root hemisection.

PMID- 372026
TI  - What is the Pierre Fauchard Academy?

PMID- 372027
TI  - Influence of the base on the results of clinical trials with topical
      corticosteroids.
AB  - A comparative trial between betamethasone valerate and halcinonide has shown the
      former to be superior, thus contradicting the results from other trials. It is
      thought that the discrepancy is due to differences in the nature of the
      preparations used in the various studies. It is suggested that note is made of
      the base used in trials before final conclusions about the efficicacy of steroids
      are made.

PMID- 372028
TI  - Cellulose and cellulases: food for thought, food for the future?

PMID- 372029
TI  - m7guanosine in tRNA of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 372030
TI  - Biochemical mechanisms in anaesthesia.

PMID- 372031
TI  - Recent advances in avian biochemistry: the fatty liver and kidney syndrome.

PMID- 372032
TI  - The effect of temperature, urea and N-ethylmaleimide on pyruvate oxidase (EC
      1.2.2.2) activity.

PMID- 372033
TI  - Glycosylation of intra- and extra-cellular yeast glycoproteins.

PMID- 372034
TI  - Glycosylation of yeast and fungal cell wall components.

PMID- 372035
TI  - Calcium ions and inositol phospholipid metabolism in nervous tissue.

PMID- 372036
TI  - Translation of messenger ribonucleic acid isolated from Staphylococcus aureuus
      (Wood 46) in a heterologous cell-free system [proceedings].

PMID- 372037
TI  - Characterization of subunits from fatty acid synthetase in fungi [proceedings].

PMID- 372038
TI  - Cryogenic preservation of isolated rat Islets of Langerhans: effect of cooling
      and warming rates.
AB  - Isolated rat Islets of Langerhans have been frozen to and stored at -196 degrees.
      After thawing, these islets were capable of secreting near normal levels of
      insulin in response to graded glucose challenge. Maximal retention of functional
      viability as measured by the ability of the islets to secrete insulin in response
      to a glucose challenge was obtained after freezing islets at a cooling rate of
      approximately 75 degrees per minute in the presence of 1.0 mol/1 dimethyl
      sulfoxol followed by warming at rates of greater than 3.5 degrees/minute. The
      critical freezing parameters include the time and temperature of exposure to
      dimethyl sulfoxide, the rate of cooling, the temperature of the post-thaw
      dilution from the freezing medium and the presence of serum in the dilution
      medium.

PMID- 372040
TI  - Alloxan-induced alteration of insulin release, rubidium efflux and glucose
      metabolism in rat islets stimulated by various secretagogues.
AB  - Insulin release and 86Rb efflux were studied in perifused rat islets exposed in
      vitro to alloxan (2 mmol/l) for 5 min. At a low glucose concentration, alloxan
      transiently increased 86Rb efflux. Alloxan immediately and completely abolished
      the secretory response to glucose (15 mmol/l) and markedly delayed the reduction
      in 86Rb efflux normally produced by the sugar. 3-O-methylglucose (20 mmol/l)
      provided complete protection against the alteration of 86Rb efflux and partial
      protection against the inhibition of insulin release. Immediately after alloxan
      treatment, glyceraldehyde, alpha-ketoisocaproic acid and tolbutamide still
      induced a rapid release of insulin, but the late phase normally stimulated by
      glyceraldehyde and alpha-ketoisocaproic acid was inhibited. If islets were
      exposed to glyceraldehyde or tolbutamide 15 min after alloxan treatment, the
      rapid insulin release was also markedly impaired. Alloxan failed, however, to
      affect the ability of these three stimuli to reduce 86Rb efflux from islet cells.
      Glucose oxidation and utilization were decreased in alloxan-treated islets and 3
      O-methylglucose protected against this effect. The results show that the glucose
      recognition system in B-cells is the most rapidly and severely affected by
      alloxan. The drug also alters the response to other secretagogues, the insulin
      releasing properties of which can be impaired without alteration of their ability
      to reduce 86Rb efflux.

PMID- 372039
TI  - Catecholamines and diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 372041
TI  - Long loop Roux-Y esophagojejunostomy following total gastrectomy.
AB  - Excellent results were obtained with total gastrectomy in 42 patients having
      received one-layer esophagojejunostomy by hand-suturing. This is a safe and easy
      technique to use and therefore we use it from 1971 in all patients undergoing
      total gastrectomy.

PMID- 372042
TI  - More about S. J. Meltzer.

PMID- 372043
TI  - When to stop chemical tests.

PMID- 372044
TI  - Genetic analysis of multiple drug cross resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a
      nuclear-mitochondrial gene interaction.
AB  - A mutant of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cross resistant to several
      antibiotics, was isolated in our laboratory and subjected to genetic analysis.
      Tetrad analysis of diploids obtained from crosses between the resistant mutant
      and a sensitive wild-type strain suggest that the multiple resistance to the five
      agents, oligomycin (OLI), rhodamine 6G (RHG), tetracycline (TCN), chloramphenicol
      (CAP) and cycloheximide (CHX) is determined by a single nuclear gene, ant1, and
      requires several cytoplasmic genes for expression of resistance to oligomycin,
      rhodamine 6G and tetracycline. --Vegetatively growing diploid clones derived from
      the cross ant1 [RHO+] X +[RHO+] show mitotic segregation of two phenotypic
      classes for the drugs OLI, RHG TCN. Diploids derived from the two reciprocal
      crosses, ant1 [RHO+] X +[RHO-] and ant1 [RHO-] X +[RHO+], fail to exhibit mitotic
      segregation. These results are consistent with our hypothesis concerning the
      involvement of cytoplasmic loci. They suggest, in addition, that these loci are
      associated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). --Evidence for this association is
      provided by the demonstration of genetic linkage between the cytoplasmic loci
      involved in the interaction, RHG-1, TCN-1 and OLI-5, and two well-characterized
      mitochondrial loci, ERY and CAP. --We have mapped the nuclear ant1 locus 3.3 cM
      from the centromere-linked gene, leu1, on the same side of the centromere of
      chromosome VII as leu1. --In the light of these findings, we discuss the claims
      made by several authors of the episomal nature of mutations similar to the one
      described here, as well as of the possible involvement of yeast 2 mu DNA in such
      mutations.

PMID- 372045
TI  - The CAN1 locus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: fine-structure analysis and forward
      mutation rates.
AB  - A system of strains and growth media was developed to allow efficient detection
      of forward mutation, reversion, complementation, and suppression at the
      canavanine-resistance (CAN1) locus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetic fine
      structure analysis revealed that the map length is at least 40, and possibly as
      much as 60 X-ray map units; this is the longest gene map yet reported in S.
      cerevisiae. Allelic complementation was not observed, despite testing of a large
      number of allele pairs, and alleles suppressible by the ochre suppressor SUP11
      were absent from a sample of 48 spontaneous mutants and occurred infrequently
      (7%) among a sample of ultraviolet-induced mutants. Infrequent mutant types
      included canavanine-resistant mutants capable of arginine uptake and alleles
      thought to represent deletions or inversions. In contrast to previous reports in
      the literature, the spontaneous forward mutation rate at CAN1 did not increase
      during meiosis.

PMID- 372046
TI  - Expression of radiation-induced mutations at the arginine permease (CAN1) locus
      in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the expression of resistance to the L
      arginine analog, L-canavanine, after mutagenesis, is strongly dependent on the
      metabolic state of the cell. The frequency of mutations recovered after exposure
      to ultraviolet light or X rays was measured under a variety of culture
      conditions. The results indicate that the frequency of mutants recovered is
      determined by the following three factors: (1) The potential mutants still
      possess enough permease activity to take up some of the cell poison, and some are
      therefore killed before they can express the mutant genotype. The sensitivity is
      strongly influenced by the endogenous free arginine, which is in turn influenced
      by the growth medium. (2) The rapid decay of the permease molecules and the
      inability of the potential mutants to resynthesize this protein results in a
      rapidly increasing change of expression when selection is delayed. (3) During the
      time when the permease activity is decaying, repair of the mutagen-induced damage
      appears to occur.

PMID- 372047
TI  - Restriction map of the region surrounding the EcoRI site in the pCR1 plasmid and
      analysis of an inserted ovalbumin gene.
AB  - We have determined a restriction map of a 1650 base pair region surrounding the
      EcoRI site of the bacterial plasmid, pCR1. We have used pCR1 as a vector in
      cloning synthetic ovalbumin double-stranded cDNA. Using the pCR1 restriction map,
      we have characterized the ovalbumin sequences inserted in one recombinant
      plasmid, pOvE12. POvE12 appears to contain all, or nearly all, of the sequences
      found in full length, double-stranded cDNA synthesized in vitro.

PMID- 372048
TI  - The physical localization of the gene for ribosomal protein S20.
AB  - As a prerequisite to the examination of the structure and properties of the
      promoter for ribosomal protein S20 of Escherichia coli, I have determined the
      cleavage sites in lambdadapB2cI857S7 DNA for four restriction endonucleases.
      Subsequently, purified fragments obtained after digestion of this DNA with BamI
      or HindIII have served as templates for coupled transcription and translation.
      This has permitted the localization of the structural gene for S20 within a 1000
      base pair segment of lambdadapB2cIB57S7 DNA . Cleavage of this DNA with HindIII
      partially inactivates the expression of S20 in vitro, implying that one HindIII
      site lies in or near a region essential for the expression of S20.

PMID- 372049
TI  - Construction of plasmid cloning vehicles that promote gene expression from the
      bacteriophage lambda pL promoter.
AB  - Two multiple-copy, ColE1-type, plasmid cloning vehicles, pHUB2 and pHUB4, have
      been constructed that carry four different single restriction sites down-stream
      from the phage lambda promoter pL. The promoting activity of pL is switched off
      at low temperature in the presence of a cIts gene that specifies a temperature
      sensitive repressor but could be activated by heat induction. cIts was located
      either on the host chromosome, or on a second plasmid pRK248 that is compatible
      with the cloning vehicle, or on the vehicle itself. Three different restriction
      fragments, each carrying the gene trpA of Salmonella typhimurium or Shigella
      dysenteriae, have been inserted into the EcoRI, BamHI and SalI sites,
      respectively, of these plasmids and pL dependent expression of the inserted gene
      in Escherichia coli was determined by measuring the enzymatic activity of the
      trpA gene product. Heat induction resulted in a level of expression of trpA
      corresponding to 1 to 6.6% of the total soluble cell protein as trpA protein. The
      level of trpA protein production depended on the particular insert and the
      plasmid used.

PMID- 372050
TI  - Effects of centrophenoxine on the monovalent electrolyte contents of the large
      brain cortical cells of old rats.
AB  - The effect of centrophenixine has been studied on the monovalent electrolyte
      contents of the brain cortical cells of old female Wistar rats by means of energy
      dispersive x-ray microanalysis. The drug was administered in form of an
      intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg body weight for 20 days. The treatment
      decreased the potassium content in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in terms of dry
      mass fraction, whereas the sodium concentration remained unchanged. The Na+/K+
      ration increased significantly in both cell compartments. The chloride content of
      the nuclei decreased slightly. If one supposes just 1--2% rehydration of the old
      cytoplasm, the decrease of the total ionic strength may be of considerable
      extent, it may even reach the values obtained in young adult animals. The results
      are interpreted in terms of a recently developed 'membrane hypothesis' of aging.

PMID- 372051
TI  - [Outstanding revolutionary, G. I. Petrovskii, and the problems of protecting the
      health of workers (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 372052
TI  - [Quantitative count on the Salmonella in river water].

PMID- 372053
TI  - [60th birthday of P. P. Liarskii].

PMID- 372054
TI  - [60th birthday of V. A. Rudeiko].

PMID- 372055
TI  - [60th birthday of A. K. Koshcheev].

PMID- 372056
TI  - [50th birthday of M. G. Shandala].

PMID- 372057
TI  - [In memoriam Eleonora Solomonovna Turetskaia].

PMID- 372058
TI  - [Campaign for promoting healthy working conditions in Moscow enterprises in the
      1st years of Soviet power].

PMID- 372059
TI  - [Alveolar phagocytosis of dust particles and its regulation (a review)].

PMID- 372060
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Stanislaw Sobieranski, Chief Editor of the monthly journal
      "Ginekologia Polska", during the years 1947-1962].

PMID- 372061
TI  - [Contribution made by the journal "Ginekologia Polska" to the development of the
      Polish obstetrical and gynecological science: an appraisal on the occasion of the
      appearance of the 50th volume].

PMID- 372062
TI  - [Assessment of myocardial viability in normothermic anoxia and preservation of
      the heart].

PMID- 372064
TI  - [Indication for free tissue transplantation using free microvascular
      anastomoses].

PMID- 372063
TI  - Double-blind comparison of cimetidine and placebo in the maintenance of healing
      of chronic duodenal ulceration.
AB  - Patients suffering from chronic duodenal ulceration were allocated at random to
      treatment with either cimetidine (400 mg twice daily) or matching placebo for six
      months. Before entry to the trial all patients were shown to have healed ulcers
      on endoscopy. Most of the patients had participated in a one-month trial of
      cimetidine during which their ulcers healed. The trial showed that four of 29
      patients relapsed on maintenance treatment with cimetidine, which therefore did
      not confer complete immunity from relapse. However, cimetidine treatment was very
      much better than placebo treatment, on which 18 of 31 patients relapsed. Of the
      22 patients who relapsed clinically, 20 were submitted to endoscopy and 19 of
      these were shown to have ulcerated again. Endoscopy at the end of the trial
      showed that ulcers had also redeveloped in five of 28 asymptomatic patients.
      Length of previous dyspeptic history had no bearing on the results of the trial
      but there was evidence that relapse on placebo was less likely if the ulcer had
      originally healed on a high dose of cimetidine. Clinical relapse was associated
      with worsening duodenitis. Symptoms, clinical observation, and laboratory tests
      showed no important abnormalities in the patients.

PMID- 372065
TI  - Bernard McC. O'Brien B.SC., M.S., F.R.C.S. (Eng.), F.R.A.C.S., F.A.C.S., Director
      of the Microsurgery Research Unit and plastic surgeon, St. Vincent's Hospital,
      Melbourne/Australia.

PMID- 372067
TI  - Continuing the struggle for adequate health care.

PMID- 372066
TI  - Microvascular surgery--its present place in reconstructive surgery.

PMID- 372068
TI  - High moisture grain in the nutrition of swine.

PMID- 372069
TI  - Ethology and veterinary science.
AB  - After a brief introduction on the scope and methods of ethology, this review
      analyses the development of the concepts of normal and pathological behaviour in
      accordance with the ethological approach. Finally there is a discussion on the
      possible functions of ethology in the veterinary field.

PMID- 372070
TI  - [In vitro gene recombination].

PMID- 372071
TI  - [Awarding of the Hufeland Prize].

PMID- 372072
TI  - [Malignant cutaneous lymphoma. Histology and clinical aspects with special
      reference to plastic-embedded tissue specimens].
AB  - The basis of this paper is the terminology of Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas based on
      Gerard-Marchant, Hamlin, Lennert and others, and known as the "Kiel
      Classification". We have come to the opinion through histological studies of 70
      malignant skin lymphomas, that this concept can also be used for malignant
      lymphoreticular proliferations of the skin, especially since advances in cell
      differentiation have shown lymphatic origin of different skin tumors.

PMID- 372073
TI  - [Cefazedone in infectious diseases in gynecology. Clinical tests on efficacy and
      tolerance].
AB  - A clinical trial on efficacy and tolerance of Cefazedone, a new semisynthetic
      Cephalosporine-derivate, was carried out in a gynaecological clinic on 75
      patients. In 38 of these cases, besides the gynaecological affection, urinary
      tract infections were determined microbiologically (E. coli, P. mirabilis,
      klebsiella or enterococci). Inflammation of the lower abdominal area was
      established in the remaining 37 patients (adnexitis, pelvic peritonitis,
      endometritis, salpingitis). The average duration of treatment was 10 to 11 days.
      Cefazedone was injected intravenously twice a day, the daily dose was 2 to 4 g.
      The clinical assessment of the treatment was very good in 28 cases, good in 43
      cases, moderate in 3 patients and poor in 1 case. All initially identified
      pathogens were eliminated after treatment. A slight transitory diarrhea was
      observed in 5 cases. There were no further side-effects. The values of gamma-GT,
      serum-creatinin, hemoglobin and erythrozytes were controlled before and after
      medication and showed no detremental effect of the drug. The local tolerance of
      Cefazedone was good in more than 90% of the cases treated.

PMID- 372074
TI  - [Lipoid A, a factor in the pathogenesis of chronic pyelonephritis. Experimental
      and clinical studies of a lipoid A dependent pathological immune reaction].
AB  - Lipid A injected into the temporarily occluded renal pelvis of adult dogs,
      persisted in the kidney tissue and induced an abacterial interstitial nephritis
      with positive anti-lipid A titers. This reaction was increased by a single dose
      of lipid A vaccine, reduced by four consecutive immunisations prior to the lipid
      A injection and absent in puppies. The presence of IgG, IgM and complement
      complexes in the kidney was demonstrated by immunofluoroscopy. Lipid A antibody
      titers were measured by the passive hemolysis test in 349 humans. In two out of
      20 healthy adults and 16 out of 18 children with recurrent urinary tract
      infection anti-lipid A antibodies were present. In contrast, no titers were found
      in 23 newborn babies. In a group of 156 patients with acute urinary tract
      infection, 28% revealed positive titers, whereas in a group of 132 patients with
      recurrent urinary tract infection titers occurred in 81%. Selected from this
      group of 132 patients 61 suffered from an acute infection of the upper tract. 59
      oft these (96%) showed definite titers. There was no difference in the
      development of anti-lipid A antibodies between men and women and the height of
      the titers did not correlate with the clinical picture of the disease (acute or
      chronic). The combination of proteinuria and anti-lipid A antibodies indicates
      the pressure of reccurrent urinary tract infection or chronic pyelonephritis with
      about 90% accuracy. The titers are caused by immunogenically active lipid A in
      the body. Since lipid A has the ability to remain in the renal tissue for a long
      period of time and thereby to maintain the inflammatory response, long-term
      antimicrobial prophylaxis (six months) should be given to patients with a high
      risk of recurrent urinary tract infection.

PMID- 372075
TI  - Plasmocytes in mucosa and in tumors during gastric carcinoma: immunofluorescence
      study.

PMID- 372076
TI  - A comparison of lithocholic acid metabolism by intestinal microflora in subjects
      of high- and low-risk colon cancer populations.

PMID- 372077
TI  - Blood group ABH isoantigens in colonic mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel
      disease.

PMID- 372078
TI  - [Historical development of Czechoslovak balneotherapy of diabetes].

PMID- 372079
TI  - Enhancement of leucine-induced insulin secretion by somatostatin antiserum
      pretreatment.
AB  - Insulin secretion induced by leucine and leucine plus glucose from rat pancreatic
      islets was enhanced by prior treatment with somatostatin antiserum as compared
      with normal rabbit serum in vitro. The results provide evidence that somatostatin
      plays an important role in insulin secretion in rats.

PMID- 372080
TI  - The identification of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in hypothalamic and
      extrahypothalamic loci of the human nervous system.
AB  - Immunoreactive-like GnRH activity has been identified in 24 of 26 separate loci
      of the human central nervous system. Tissues, secured from 5 brains at autopsy,
      were dissected, extracted sequentially with 2N and glacial acetic acid,
      lyophilized, and eluted in buffered saline for GnRH determinations by specific
      radioimmunoassay. GnRH concentrations (ng/mg protein) ranged from 8.96
      (infundibulum) to 0.001 (cerebellum. middle lobe). Highest extrahypothalamic
      concentrations of GnRH were found in mamillary body (0.076) and thalamus (0.002).
      Extrahypothalamic GnRH was identical to synthetic and hypothalamic GnRH by
      criteria of immunoidentity. No post-mortem GnRH peptidolysis, evaluated
      experimentally in rats, was evident between 0 and 16 hrs in intact tissues
      maintained at 4 degrees C. These data suggest that GnRH is distributed throughout
      regions of the human brain outside the hypothalamus and suggest new, non
      endocrine functions for GnRH in the human CNS, analogous the those reported
      recently for GnRH in experimental animals.

PMID- 372081
TI  - Menstrual disturbances in chronic renal failure.
AB  - Twelve female patients undergoing intermittent hemodialysis (HD) and 5 females
      posttransplantation (PT) were studied. All the HD patients had menstrual
      disturbances and 5 had galactorrhea. The mean basal LH level was significantly
      elevated (p less than .05) in patients on HD compared to normal controls, but the
      mean LH response to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LRH) was not
      significantly different from the control group. Mean basal FSH and the FSH
      response to LRH was normal. In the PT pateints the LH response to LRH was
      significantly greater at 120 min when compared to normal females. In the HD group
      the serum 17B estradiol, progesterone and testosterone levels were significantly
      lower than in the controls but in the PT group only testosterone levels were
      significantly lower. These results differ from those previously found in uremic
      males. Elevated prolactin levels were found in the patients on hemodialysis and
      correlated well with the presence of galactorrhea. These was no correlation
      between the elevated prolactin levels and amenorrhea in the patients on
      hemodialysis but one PT patient with amenorrhea had elevated prolactin levels.

PMID- 372082
TI  - The brown bowel syndrome: a possible smooth muscle mitochondrial myopathy?
AB  - Two cases of lipofuscinosis of the gastrointestinal tract are described, and a
      mitochondrial origin of the pigment is proposed. The mechanism of formation of
      lipofuscin is discussed, with particular reference to the maintenance of
      structurally and functionally intact mitochondrial membranes. The central role of
      vitamin E is considered, and its biochemical significance to mitochondrial
      metabolism is emphasized. Comparisons are drawn between the abnormalities
      demonstrated within the smooth muscle cells of the two cases described, and the
      muscle cells observed in cases of skeletal muscle myopathies of mitochondrial
      origin. It is proposed that lipofuscinosis of the gastrointestinal tract,
      otherwise known as the 'brown bowel syndrome', may be regarded as a smooth muscle
      myopathy of mitochondrial origin.

PMID- 372083
TI  - Male copulatory behavior and the induction of ovulation in female voles: a quest
      for species specificity.

PMID- 372084
TI  - The role of the anterior hypothalamus-preoptic area in the regulation of male
      reproductive behavior in the lizard, Anolis carolinensis: lesion studies.

PMID- 372085
TI  - Supreme Court ruling to affect some hospitals.

PMID- 372086
TI  - Urban administrator forges links with community.
AB  - As executive director of New York's Bellevue Hospital Center, Madeline Bohman has
      a deep commitment to the concept of community. She sees a need for hospitals to
      assume responsibility for teaching patients and for providing community outreach
      services.

PMID- 372087
TI  - Hospitals must publicize VE, Rep. Marks says.
AB  - Representative Marks believes that hospitals should accelerate the VE program and
      that they should publicize their progress via television.

PMID- 372088
TI  - Fiori oversees health facilities in HEW post.

PMID- 372089
TI  - Accounting for interest is an issue soon to be resolved.

PMID- 372090
TI  - de Kruif: from practitioner to chronicler of science.

PMID- 372091
TI  - C. Edmund Kells (1856-1928) and his valued writing on dentistry.

PMID- 372092
TI  - A new trend in border molding technic.

PMID- 372093
TI  - History of Evanston Association of Dentists.

PMID- 372094
TI  - On the turnover of rabbit intestinal glucoamylase.

PMID- 372095
TI  - Michael Heidelberger: a Festschrift issue in honor of his 90th birthday.

PMID- 372096
TI  - Vaccines for the prevention of encapsulated bacterial diseases: current status,
      problems and prospects for the future.

PMID- 372097
TI  - Suppression of tuberculin allergy by simultaneous BCG vaccination.

PMID- 372098
TI  - Klebocin typing of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PMID- 372099
TI  - Prevalence of Escherichia coli serotypes enteropathogenic to man at Lucknow.

PMID- 372101
TI  - Water supply in North Eastern Railways.

PMID- 372100
TI  - Enterotoxicity of Escherichia coli isolated from infantile diarrhoea in rabbits
      and infant mice.

PMID- 372102
TI  - Distribution of human plasmodia in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu States in the
      reappearing phase of malaria in 1970 and 1975.

PMID- 372103
TI  - [Occlusal plane and complete prosthesis: transfer technic with the aid of a
      teleradiographic construction].

PMID- 372104
TI  - How the cigarette won the hearts and lungs of millions of Americans.

PMID- 372105
TI  - [A preoperative teaching program for children in heart surgery].

PMID- 372106
TI  - Trypanosoma lewisi: comparative activity of a feral isolate in two strains of
      rats assessed by measurement of cell population, reproductive development and
      respiratory activity.

PMID- 372107
TI  - Pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis in Clonorchis sinensis and Paragonimus ohirai.

PMID- 372108
TI  - Soluble di- and aminopeptidases in Escherichia K-12. Dispensible enzymes.
AB  - As part of a study of the peptidase content of Escherichia coli K-12, two
      peptidase-deficient amino acid auxotrophs isolated and characterized by Miller as
      pepD- (strain CM17) and pepD- pepN- pepA- pepB- pepQ- (strain CM89) were examined
      for the presence of several peptidases previously obtained from strain K-12 in
      this laboratory. The soluble fraction of each mutant was found to lack the broad
      specificity strain K-12 dipeptidase DP and the strain CM89 fraction also lacked
      activity characteristic of the strain K-12 aminopeptidases AP, L, and OP; like
      strain CM17, strain CM89 contained the tripeptide-specific aminopeptidase TP.
      Strain CM89 (but not CM17) appeared to contain little if any activity
      attributable to the ribosome-bound aminopeptidase I of strain K-12. Whereas loss
      of DP, AP, OP, and aminopeptidase I activity may be attributed to the pepD-, pepB
      , pepN-, and pepA- mutations, respectively, the reason for the loss of L activity
      remains uncertain. Grown responses of strain CM89 in liquid media containing di-
      or tripeptides were in accord with absence of enzymes catalyzing rapid hydrolysis
      of dipeptides. In synthetic liquid media supplemented with the required amino
      acids per se or with peptone, cultures of both CM strains grew more slowly than
      strain K-12 and produced smaller cell-yields than those produced by strain K-12.

PMID- 372109
TI  - Protease B from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Purification and characterization.
AB  - Protease B has been isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and purified in six
      steps as follows: autolysis of the yeast cells, ammonium sulfate fractionation,
      activation of the proteolytic enzymes, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose,
      chromatography on CM-cellulose and finally, a second chromatography on DEAE
      cellulose. The preparation was shown to be homogeneous on polyacrylamide gels in
      the absence as well as in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate. Furthermore, the
      molecular weight (43,000 daltons) and the isoelectric point (5.45) were in good
      agreement with earlier published values. The amino acid composition is reported.
      The absence of disulfide bonds in protease B has to be outlined. The amino acid
      residues of the protein have been found to be folded nearly quantitatively (at
      least 80%) in a beta-conformation as deduced from a circular dichroism study.
      Finally, the tryptophan residues (5 mol/mol protein) are largely buried in the
      hydrophobic core of the enzyme.

PMID- 372110
TI  - The response of E. coli Bs-1 to tritium-beta particles under aerated and anoxic
      conditions.
AB  - E. coli Bs-1 cells were exposed to acute doses of tritium-beta particles by
      suspension in tritiated water for known lengths of time. The resulting survival
      rate was compared with that obtained for external irradiation with 7 MeV
      electrons. The o.e.r. measured for tritium-beta s was not significantly different
      from the value of 2.15 measured for 7 MeV electrons. The r.b.e. of the tritium
      beta s relative to 7 MeV electrons was 1.21 in both air and nitrogen. These
      results were compared with existing data for low voltage electron irradiations
      and with track segment studies of the effect of varying LET on the
      radiosensitivity of E. coli Bs-1.

PMID- 372111
TI  - Does singlet oxygen contribute to the oxygen effect?

PMID- 372112
TI  - Hypoxic cytotoxicity of chlorpromazine and the modification of radiation response
      in E. coli B/r.

PMID- 372113
TI  - [Controversal interpretation in internal medicine].

PMID- 372114
TI  - [Marginal hypertension--maximal diagnosis and therapy? Pro maximal program].

PMID- 372115
TI  - [Marginal hypertension--maximal diagnosis and therapy? Contra maximal therapy].

PMID- 372116
TI  - [Coronary disease--surgical or conservative therapy? Surgical management using
      bypass surgery].

PMID- 372117
TI  - [Coronary disease--surgical or conservative therapy? Conservative therapy].

PMID- 372118
TI  - [Terminal uremia--dialysis or transplantation? Transplantation].

PMID- 372119
TI  - [Autonomic thyroid adenoma and cold nodule--active therapy or wait-and-see
      observation? Surgical therapy].

PMID- 372120
TI  - [Autonomic thyroid adenoma and cold nodule--active therapy or wait-and-see
      observation? Conservative therapy].

PMID- 372121
TI  - [Management of obesity--zero diet or calorie-reduced diet? Calorie-reduced diet].

PMID- 372122
TI  - [Management of obesity--zero diet or calorie-reduced diet? Zero diet].

PMID- 372123
TI  - The effect of intracorneal cartilage implants on the survival of corneal
      xenografts.

PMID- 372124
TI  - The effect of endotoxin-induced intraocular inflammation on the rat lens
      epithelium.
AB  - Intraocular inflammation induced by an intravitreal injection of Shigella
      endotoxin into the rat eye produces early changes in the number of dividing cells
      of the lens epithelium and affects the organization of the meridional rows. A
      depression in mitotic activity in the germinative zone is observed during the
      first 24 hr after injection. At 48 hr, despite the continued mitotic inhibition
      in the germinative zone, an increase in cell division occurs in the central zone.
      By 72 hr, the germinative zone mitosis reappears and exceeds control values,
      whereas the central zone mitotic activity returns to normal. At that time mitotic
      figures are found in the transitional zone. Disorganization of the meridional
      rows is seen as early as 12 hr after injection (the first time period observed)
      and reaches a peak by 48 hr. During the next 5 days, however, the severity of the
      disorganization diminishes. By the seventh day the rows appear, for the most
      part, fully recovered, and the mitotic activity reaches normal or near-normal
      levels in all regions. The details of these observations and their possible
      relationship to inflammatory cataracta complicata are discussed.

PMID- 372125
TI  - Immunity and male infertility.
AB  - This article has attempted to review evidence which suggests that immune factors
      may be operative in a small but significant number of infertile men. Although our
      current understanding of the possible processes by which autosensitization to
      previously sequestered reproductive antigens occurs is incomplete, there are
      laboratory assays presently available that indicate, but do not prove, that
      immune factors may be contributing to the infertile state. Continued research is
      needed to develop new assays and materials (especially purified sperm antigens)
      which might enhance our knowledge of the underlying immunoreproductive changes.
      Until these are available the outline below might be considered when
      investigating a patient with infertility of suspected immune origin.

PMID- 372126
TI  - Quantitative age related histologic changes in the human vas deferens.
AB  - Sections of vas deferens from 50 men between 27 and 82 years of age were examined
      histologically for evidence of changes in muscle area and for changes in per cent
      of the cross-sectional area of the vas deferens that was occupied by muscle and
      connective tissue as a function of age. No variation in quantitative measurement
      of muscle or connective tissue could be correlated with age but a diffuse
      increase in unmeasurable amounts of connective tissue was seen with increasing
      age.

PMID- 372127
TI  - Enrique Finochietto (1881--1948).

PMID- 372128
TI  - On the epididymis and its function.

PMID- 372129
TI  - Development of the calyceal system in the human fetus.
AB  - The calyceal system including the papilla, infundibulum, and renal pelvis in
      human fetuses and neonates was studied histologically and chronologically. There
      was a considerable discrepancy between the development of the calyceal muscles
      and the papilla. The protuberant form of the papilla developed much earlier than
      the calyceal muscle which was observed in the late stage of intrauterine life.
      The calyceal muscles were differentiated and extended from the renal pelvic
      muscles through the infundibular muscles after approximately 21 weeks of
      intrauterine age and were not fully developed by the late stage of intrauterine
      life. On the other hand, the cup-shaped calyces and the protuberant form of the
      papilla developed into the form similar to that observed in the adult by the 21st
      week; their development began in the 16th week. From these observations the
      etiology of megacalyces was speculated and discussed based on the discrepancy of
      the muscular development of the calyceal wall and the development of the
      protuberant papilla.

PMID- 372130
TI  - Andres Laguna (1494--1560).

PMID- 372131
TI  - Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus structural proteins compared
      from in vivo and in vitro sources.
AB  - Polyhedrin obtained from Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus
      (AcMNPV) was apparently not modified in terms of primary structure after passage
      through alternate host systems, both in vivo and in vitro, as investigated by two
      dimensional, high-voltage electrophoresis of tryptic digests of this protein as
      well as amino acid analysis. N-terminal analyses were conducted using an improved
      technique which showed proline to be the N-terminal amino acid. In addition,
      passage of enveloped nucleocapsids through alternate hosts as studied by SDS-PAGE
      showed the polypeptide compositions to be very similar.

PMID- 372132
TI  - Portraits of viruses: the poxviruses.

PMID- 372133
TI  - Characterization of solubilized proteins from tissue culture-and host-derived
      nuclear polyhedra of Lymantria dispar and Autographa californica.

PMID- 372134
TI  - Parvoviridae: second report.

PMID- 372135
TI  - An overview of animal and microbial test systems for carcinogenesis and
      mutagenesis: problems with human variation.

PMID- 372136
TI  - Freud's Spinoza: a reconstruction.

PMID- 372137
TI  - A 70th birthday tribute to Alexander Mitscherlich.

PMID- 372138
TI  - Finish lines in fixed prosthodontics.
AB  - Ideally, all finish lines should be placed supragingivally. Due to esthetic and
      carious considerations, however, subgingival placement of the finish line is
      preferred. No one type of finish line can be used for all crown preparations. In
      lower anterior teeth or periodontically-treated teeth, the knife-edge finish line
      appears to be the treatment of choice. In short teeth and preparations for
      porcelain and porcelain-gold crowns, the full shoulder bevelled preparation is
      the treatment of choice. In full gold and acrylic veneered gold crowns, as in
      endodontically-treated teeth, the chamfer preparation is the treatment of choice.

PMID- 372139
TI  - [Kidney transplantation in the treatment of hypertension].
AB  - Renal autotransplantation seems to be of great value as a means of renal
      revascularization in hypertension of renovascular origin, especially in those
      cases in which the preceding angioplastic procedure have resulted in failure or
      in cases with peripheral or difficult stenoses of the renal artery. One case is
      reported with a coarctation of the abdominal aorta involving both kidney
      arteries. The patient was treated by bypass operation and kidney
      autotransplantation. Two years later both kidneys are functioning normally and
      the patient is normotensive.

PMID- 372140
TI  - Phenobarbital in prophylaxis of neonatal jaundice. A control trial of two
      regimens.
AB  - The prevention of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia by phenobarbital is widely used in
      many countries. However, dose and period of administration vary according to
      authors, as the dose-effect relation is not known and since little research in
      pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital has been done so far. In the present study we
      compared the effect on serum bilirubin of a single injection of 10 mg/kg body
      weight and of a prolonged administration of 10 mg/kg/day during 3 days in
      premature and full-term newborn infants. The single injection had the same effect
      as the prolonged administration, provided it was given within 12 h after birth.

PMID- 372141
TI  - Gonadotrophin response to LH-RH in patients with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.

PMID- 372142
TI  - LH-RH and HCG studies in a Turner phenotype male (Noonan's syndrome). A case
      report.
AB  - LH-RH and HCG stimulation tests were performed in a prepubertal 13-year-old boy
      with Noonan's syndrome. The basal plasma LH (0.8 mIU/ml) was normal and FSH (2.5
      mIU/ml) high, with an elevated response of both LH (8.3 mIU/ml) and FSH (9.6
      mIU/ml) to LH-RH, as seen in primary hypogonadism. However, the patient had a
      normal testosterone response to HCG (437 ng%). These conflicting test results
      illustrate the difficulty of predicting potential for fertility in patients with
      Turner phenotype male.

PMID- 372143
TI  - High dose granulocyte substitution after bone marrow transplantation in a case of
      aplastic anaemia in childhood.
AB  - A bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was successfully carried out in a seven-year
      old boy with aplastic anaemia. An HLA and MLC-identical brother served as donor.
      During the first 16 days after BMT between 0.55 and 7.11X10(10) granulocytes were
      transfused 14 times (an average of 4.03X10(10) per transfusion). The maximum
      increment in the peripheral blood after transfusion was over 4000 granulocytes
      per microliter. The course of local infections was taken as parameter for
      determining the clinical effectiveness of the granulocyte transfusion. Under the
      substitution therapy the necrotic ulcer of a fingertip and the mucous membrane
      ulcers in the oral cavity subsided. The presence of transfused granulocytes in
      the oral cavity ("orogranulocytes") could be established. There was a
      statistically significant relationship between the number of granulocytes in the
      peripheral blood and the number of orogranulocytes. It could be demonstrated that
      in children a temporary normalisation of the number of granulocytes in the
      peripheral blood can be attained by means of granulocyte substitution and that
      the transfused granulocytes are clinically effective.

PMID- 372145
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of alloxan inhibition of glucose-induced insulin
      release.

PMID- 372144
TI  - Antibodies to gliadin as a screening test for coeliac disease. A prospective
      study.
AB  - The diagnostic value of gliadin antibody determination using the fluorescent
      immunosorbent test was examined in a prospective study of 57 children with
      gastrointestinal disease. Antibodies to gliadin were found in all 20 patients
      with active coeliac disease, whereas 7 of these children (37%) had a normal
      xylose absorption test despite a flat small gut mucosa. Only 4 (14%) of 28
      children with other gastrointestinal conditions had antibodies to gliadin,
      invariably in low titre. After at least 2 years on a gluten-free diet none of 9
      children with coeliac disease in remission had demonstrable gliadin antibodies.
      The gliadin antibodies disappear slowly, within 6 to 24 months, after withdrawal
      of gliadin from the diet. 0.8% (5/606) of a healthy control group of children,
      adolescents and adults (not biopsied) had gliadin antibodies in low titre.
      Increased mean cow's milk antibody titres were demonstrable in 8 (40%) of 20
      patients with active coeliac disease as well as in 9 (32%) of 28 patients with
      other gastrointestinal lesions. Our studies show that determination of
      circulating gliadin antibodies is a worthwhile screening test in suspected cases
      of coeliac disease. In patients so selected there is a definite indication for
      small intestinal biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.

PMID- 372146
TI  - Difference in biologic status of normal liver and hepatoma implanted into chick
      embryo.

PMID- 372147
TI  - Bacteriocin typing of enterococci.

PMID- 372148
TI  - Use of enzyme labelled antibodies in the diagnosis of tropical infections.

PMID- 372149
TI  - Methods and experimental therapeutic applications of microencapsulation of
      biologically active materials.

PMID- 372150
TI  - Bibliography on enzyme immobilization, 1967-1974.

PMID- 372151
TI  - Immobilization of invertase by gel entrapment of intact yeast cells.

PMID- 372152
TI  - Immunocytochemical demonstration of 5-hydroxytryptamine in gastrointestinal
      endocrine cells.
AB  - We have been able to demonstrate 5-hydroxytryptamine in the enterochromaffin
      cells of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, using a highly specific antiserum.
      Conventional histochemical techniques for identifying amines as cell markers can
      thus be replaced by more reliable and sensitive immunocytochemical methods. This
      has been facilitated by the use of p-benzoquinone as fixative which has been
      shown to preserve the localization and antigenicity of amines, as well as
      peptides.

PMID- 372153
TI  - Specific immunohistochemical localization of type I collagen in porcine
      periodontal tissues using the peroxidase-labelled antibody technique.
AB  - Antibody against Type I collagen was raised in rabbits and purified by
      immunoadsorption on Sepharose-conjugated Types I and III collagen. The cross
      reactivity of purified antibody to Type III collagen was found to be less than
      0.5% by passive haemagglutination and less than 1.5% by radioimmunoassay. When
      paraffin sections of fixed and decalcified pig molars were incubated with
      purified antibody to Type I collagen, varying degrees of staining were observed
      in the ligament, gingiva, bone and cementum. The periodontal ligament adjacent to
      bone was more widely stained than that adjacent to cementum in some regions,
      whereas in others, no difference in staining could be discerned between the two
      halves of the ligament. The lamina propria of gingiva was stained, and this
      appeared to be most intense in the vicinity of the overlying epithelium. The
      fibrous component in the endosteal spaces, the dentine and the extracellular
      coronal elements in the pulp were generally stained. The impression obtained from
      the staining pattern is that Type I collagen is not restricted to particular
      regions of the periodontal ligament or the lamina propria of the gingiva.

PMID- 372154
TI  - An immunocytochemical study of the distribution of pancreatic endocrine cells in
      chicks, with special reference to the relationship between pancreatic polypeptide
      and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells.
AB  - Araldite sections of formalin-fixed pancreas from chicks at hatching were treated
      by an indirect immuno-enzyme technique to reveal cells containing APP,
      somatostatin, glucagon and insulin. APP cells were found scattered in the
      exocrine parenchyma. A few were associated with insulin-containing B islets and
      occasional cells occurred in and around glucagon-containing A islets.
      Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were distributed peripherally in A and B islets
      and were dispersed in the exocrine tissue. APP cells were roughly as numerous in
      the exocrine parenchyma as somatostatin-immunoreactive cells. Since certain
      published observations point to the possible occurrence of APP and somatostatin
      in the same cells, consecutive sections were stained for these hormones. In no
      case did the two peptides occur in the same cell. Sections subjected to double
      staining confirmed this result. Therefore it is likely that the described
      differences between APP and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells are valid.

PMID- 372156
TI  - Distribution of gastrin and CCK-like peptides in rat brain. An immunocytochemical
      study.

PMID- 372155
TI  - Constancy and variability in the content of DNA in cerebellar Purkinje cell
      nuclei. A cytophotometric study.
AB  - A cytophotometric study of DNA content in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum of
      rats, cats, chicken and humans (Feulgen staining) revealed that in a certain
      number of cells the amount of NDA ranged between the diploid and tetraploid level
      (H2C cells). The incidence of H2C Purkinje cells varied among the species
      studied. In rats, which were studied most thoroughly, these cells amounted on
      average to 3%. In some rats, as well as in some cats and chickens H2C Purkinje
      cells were entirely absent. In the group of animals possesing H2C Purkinje cells,
      great interindividual differences were observed. In rats for instance, the
      incidence of these cells varied from 1 to 23 per cent. Topographic analyses
      carried out in rat and human cerebellum revealed that H2C Purkinje cells occurred
      more frequently in the hemispheres than in the vermis. No significant differences
      were found in the number of H2C Purkinje cells in healthy and Kilham-DNA-virus
      infected rats. Densitometric analysis of the distribution of nuclear chromatin
      showed that H2C Purkinje cells were richer in condensed chromatin, especially in
      the region of the nucleolus, which apparently contains the hyperploid surplus of
      DNA. It is proposed that the phenomenon of DNA hyperdiploidy arises as a result
      of either incomplete S-phase in some immature Purkinje cell precursors or the
      amplification of some DNA sequences particularly those localized in the nucleolar
      region.

PMID- 372157
TI  - A gravimetric system for lyophilized samples in the sub-microgram range.
AB  - A new quartz fiber balance is described which is evacuated and electrically
      shielded. This balance minimizes the problems of moisture uptake by the
      lyophilized sample, air convection inside the balance and static electricity.
      Besides it offers a wider useful weighing range and a higher handling comfort. It
      could be shown that in the regular (i.e. not evacuated) balance the moisture
      uptake varies considerably with the humidity of the air and with the kind of
      sample analyzed, and that it might be greater than previously reported.

PMID- 372158
TI  - Growth hormone-like immunoreactivity in gastrin cells and gastrinomas.
AB  - Growth hormone (GH)-immunoreactive material was found to occur in the antral
      gastrin cells and in scattered cells of the pancreatic islets in several
      mammalian species, including man. Examination of gastrinomas revealed the
      majority of tumour cells to display GH-like immunoreactivity.

PMID- 372159
TI  - [Acute and chronic middle ear pathology in mediaeval man (author's transl)].
AB  - The variety, extent and consequences of middle ear cleft disease in ancient times
      is reviewed. The findings of macroscopic radiological and scanning electron
      microscopic examination of skeletal material from two south German Merovingian
      populations and two pre-Columbian population groups from the south west of North
      America are presented. The possibility of false diagnosis was considered. Cases
      previously described are reviewed, summarized and compared. In both the Frankish
      Alemannian populations diseases of the middle ear cleft significantly occur more
      frequently within the lower social groups. From this it is possible to deduce
      that external factors were paramount in the pathogenesis of these diseases in
      early cultures, whereas in the present mid-European populations constitutional
      factors predominate. In contrast to recent claims (Cockburn, 1977) that diseases
      of the middle ear were rare amongst inhabitants of the Americas before the
      arrival of Europeans, earlier literature and the observations presented in this
      article show that these diseases were not so uncommon. Cases found in ancient
      Peru show no evidence of surgical treatment, although the standards of surgery,
      which at that time included trephination, could have made this feasible.

PMID- 372160
TI  - Psychic glossary--letters D & E.

PMID- 372161
TI  - Reminiscences of the origins of the American Society of Psychosomatic Dentistry
      and Medicine.

PMID- 372163
TI  - Psychic glossary--letters F, G, H, I, K & L.

PMID- 372162
TI  - The quality of meditation effective in the regression of cancer.

PMID- 372164
TI  - Caprine mastitis associated with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.

PMID- 372165
TI  - Trimethoprim in combination with a sulfonamide for oral treatment of canine
      urinary tract infections.
AB  - Trimethoprim, in combination with sulfadiazine or sulfamethoxazole was
      administered orally for 7 to 14 days to 84 dogs with urinary tract infections
      (UTI). The daily dosage of 26.4 mg/kg (12 mg/lb) was divided into 2 equal parts
      and administered at about 12-hour intervals. Response to treatment, based on
      negative urine culture during or after therapy, was 37 of 45 (82%) for UTI caused
      by Escherichia coli, 11 of 15 (73%) UTI caused by Proteus mirabilis, 8 of 12
      (67%) UTI caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae, 6 of 6 (100%) UTI caused by
      Staphylococcus aureus, and 5 of 9 (56%) UTI caused by Streptococcus spp. These 5
      species comprised 88% of the bacteria isolated from the dogs in this study.

PMID- 372166
TI  - A report on eighteen implant cases with recalled lenses.

PMID- 372167
TI  - Antimicrobial misuse--effects and suggestions for control.

PMID- 372168
TI  - Screening for transferable antibiotic resistance in the clinical laboratory.

PMID- 372169
TI  - Enhancement of amphotericin B activity by a series of compounds related to
      phenolic antioxidants.

PMID- 372170
TI  - Cefuroxime therapy for urinary tract infections caused by a multi-resistant,
      epidemic Klebsiella aerogenes.

PMID- 372171
TI  - Activity of metronidazole against Escherichia coli in experimental intra
      abdominal sepsis.

PMID- 372172
TI  - A clinical dose-response study of bacampicillin in uncomplicated gonorrhoea.

PMID- 372173
TI  - Early experimental models of disinfection and sterilization.

PMID- 372174
TI  - Acupuncture and dentistry.

PMID- 372175
TI  - A challenge to medical communication.

PMID- 372176
TI  - Stylism in anatomical illustration from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries.
AB  - An overview of four centuries of anatomical illustration is presented, citing
      specific examples to document trends in style and to show the effects of
      concurrent advances in the technology of reproduction and printing.

PMID- 372178
TI  - Peroxidase-dependent deactivation of prostacyclin synthetase.
AB  - A study of the enzymes of the arachidonic acid cascade revealed a high
      sensitivity of prostacyclin synthetase and a complete resistance of thromboxane
      A2 synthetase to time-dependent destruction by an oxidant [Ox] released during
      the peroxidase-catalyzed reduction of hydroperoxy fatty acids. The destructive
      action of [Ox] derived from prostaglandin G1 (PGG1), 15-hydroperoxy-PGE1, 15
      hydroperoxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid, and 12-hydroperoxy-5,8,10,14
      eicosatetraenoic acid upon prostacyclin synthetase was prevented by 2-aminomethyl
      4-t-butyl-6-iodophenol. On the other hand, deactivation resulting from PGG2
      metabolism was neither time-dependent nor sensitive to 2-aminomethyl-4-t-butyl-6
      iodophenol. The possibility that the action of [Ox] may alter the arachidonic
      acid cascade in favor of thromboxane A2 is discussed in view of its possible
      implications in inflammatory and other pathological processes.

PMID- 372177
TI  - [Oral protozoans and diabetes: study in 117 patients].
AB  - A study on the presence of oral Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax has
      been carried out on calculus or dental plaque from 117 diabetic subjects.
      Statistical analysis of results shows no correlation between diabetes and
      protozoa. The same frequency was found between diabetic and normal subjects.
      Nevertheless, a significant relation has been found between the diabetes and the
      yeasts.

PMID- 372179
TI  - DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Pseudomonas BAL-31. Effect of sigma and
      template homology on the stimulation and selectivity of transcription.

PMID- 372180
TI  - Control of protein synthesis by hemin. Evidence that the hemin-controlled
      translational repressor inhibits formation of 80 S initiation complexes from 48 S
      intermediate initiation complexes.

PMID- 372181
TI  - Opioid peptides derived from food proteins. The exorphins.
AB  - Peptides with opioid activity are found in pepsin hydrolysates of wheat gluten
      and alpha-casein. The opioid activity of these peptides was demonstrated by use
      of the following bioassays: 1) naloxone-reversible inhibition of adenylate
      cyclase in homogenates of neuroblastoma X-glioma hybrid cells; 2) naloxone
      reversible inhibition of electrically stimulated contractions of the mouse vas
      deferens; 3) displacement of [3H]dihydromorphine and [3H-Tyr, dAla2]met
      enkephalin amide from rat brain membranes. Substances which stimulate adenylate
      cyclase and increase the contractions of the mouse vas deferens but do not bind
      to opiate receptors are also isolated from gluten hydrolysates. It is suggested
      that peptides derived from some food proteins may be of physiological importance.

PMID- 372182
TI  - Identification and partial purification of ankyrin, the high affinity membrane
      attachment site for human erythrocyte spectrin.

PMID- 372183
TI  - The effects of substituted pyrimidines in DNAs on cleavage by sequence-specific
      endonucleases.
AB  - The rates of cleavage of DNAs containing substituents at position 5 of thymine or
      cytosine have been measured for a variety of sequence-specific endonucleases, so
      as to determine which features in the DNA sequence are being probed. Phage phi e
      DNA fully substituted with 5-hydroxymethyluracil is cleaved more slowly by
      enzymes whose recognition sequences contain A-T base pairs than are DNAs
      containing thymine, but both types of DNA are cleaved at similar rates by enzymes
      recognizing sequences composed only of G-C base pairs. Phage PBS2 DNA with uracil
      completely substituted for thymine is cleaved slowly by several enzymes which
      recognize sequences containing A-T base pairs (endonucleases Hpa I, HindII, and
      HindIII), while the rates of cleavage by other enzymes (endonucleases EcoRI and
      BamHI) are not affected. Phage lambda- and P22 DNAs containing 5-bromouracil are
      cleaved more slowly by several enzymes (endonucleases HindIII, Hpa I, BamHI) than
      are thymine-containing DNAs. Enzymes that recognize sequence isomers with the
      composition G:C:2A:2T (endonucleases EcoRI, Hpa I, HindIII) are not equally
      affected by substitution at position 5 of thymine, suggesting that they differ in
      their contacts with A-T base pairs. DNA containing glucosylated 5
      hydroxymethylcytosine in place of cytosine is resistant to cleavage by all the
      endonucleases examined.

PMID- 372184
TI  - Guanosine 5'-diphosphate-3'-diphosphate inhibition of adenylosuccinate
      synthetase.
AB  - The mechanism of ppGpp inhibition of adenylosuccinate synthetase (EC 6.3.4.4) was
      examined. Initial rate kinetic studies demonstrate the ppGpp inhibition is
      competitive with respect to GTP and noncompetitive with respect to L-aspartate
      and IMP. This is in contrast to an earlier report (Gallant, J., Irr, J., and
      Cashel, M. (1971) J. Biol. Chem. 246, 5812-5816), which suggested that ppGpp did
      not bind at the GTP site. Possible reasons for the discrepancy are discussed. The
      potency of the ppGpp inhibition is confirmed.

PMID- 372185
TI  - Small angle X-ray scattering of dimeric yeast hexokinase in solution.
AB  - Small angle x-ray scattering measurements on dimeric yeast hexokinase B at pH 5.5
      in acetate buffer yield a radius of gyration of 31.28 +/- 0.23 angstrom. This
      measured value is comparable to the radius of gyration of 31.5 angstrom
      calculated from the refined coordinates of the dimer in the BII crystal form. The
      hexokinase dimer found in the BI crystal form has a radius of gyration of 42
      angstrom calculated from the atomic coordinates. Thus, the measured radius of
      gyration is consistent with the BII dimer being the predominant species in
      solution and rules out the existence of the BI dimer as a major species under
      these conditions.

PMID- 372186
TI  - Novel mechanism of post-transcriptional modification of tRNA. Insertion of bases
      of Q precursors into tRNA by a specific tRNA transglycosylase reaction.
AB  - The guanine insertion enzyme isolated from Escherichia coli (tRNA
      transglycosylase) catalyzed the incorporation of bases of Q (queuosine)
      precursors into E. coli undermodified tRNAAsn and tRNATyr. These bases of Q
      precursors were inserted in the first position of the anticodon of tRNASn and
      tRNATyr, replacing guanine originally located in that position. This is a novel
      type of post-transcriptional modification, inserting a modified base into the
      polynucleotide chain by cleavage of the N--C glycoside bond without breakage of
      the phosphodiester bond. One of the bases of Q precursors, 7-(aminomethyl)-7
      deazaguanine, was found in the acid-soluble fraction of E. coli cells, supporting
      the conclusion that formation of Q, 7-(3,4-trans-4,5-cis-dihydroxy-1-cyclopenten
      3-ylaminomethyl)-7-deazaguanosine, in tRNA in vivo actually proceeds by the tRNA
      transglycosylase reaction.

PMID- 372187
TI  - A rapid procedure for isolation of large quantities of Escherichia coli DNA
      polymerase I utilizing a lambdapolA transducing phage.
AB  - DNA polymerase I produced by infection of Escherichia coli K12 with the
      specialized transducing phage lambdapolA has been purified by a simplified
      procedure and shown to be identical with the enzyme produced by uninfected E.
      coli in all aspects which have been examined. The abundance of the enzyme in
      infected cells and the ease with which it may be purified will simplify the study
      of the enzyme's physical and chemical characteristics. In addition, the enzyme is
      now much more readily available for use as an analytical tool in nucleic acid
      sequence and structure studies.

PMID- 372188
TI  - Sequence of the 16 S-23 s spacer region in two ribosomal RNA operons of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The transducing phages lambdadaroE and lambdadilv5, which carry the Escherichia
      coli ribosomal RNA operons rrnD and rrnX, respectively, have been mapped with the
      restriction endonucleases BamHI, EcoRI, HindIII, and Sma I. Using hybridization
      techniques, we have located the ribosomal RNA genes on these phage DNAs. The DNA
      sequence of the 437-base-pair 16 S-23 S ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer in the
      two rRNA operons rrnD and rrnX has been determined. The nucleotides examined
      exhibit only one base pair change between rrnD and rrnX. Both spacer regions
      contain the genes for tRNA1Ile and tRNA1BAla; the gene sequences are identical
      with the previously deduced tRNA sequences and are clustered within the first 60%
      of the spacer DNA. The most striking feature of the 16 S-23 S intergenic region
      in these two operons is the disparity in G-C content between the tRNA gene
      sequences (60% G-C) and the remaining spacer DNA (37% G-C). Spacer sequences are
      known to be involved in the processing of the ribosomal RNA transcript by RNase
      III and RNase P. In addition, we report the sequence of the first 108 base pairs
      of the 23 S rRNA gene.

PMID- 372189
TI  - Activity changes in lac repressor with cysteine oxidation.
AB  - The effects of prior covalent cysteine modification or nonspecific DNA presence
      on the reaction of lac repressor protein with N-bromosuccinimide have been
      investigated. At low excesses, N-bromosuccinimide oxidation causes loss of
      operator DNA binding activity with simultaneous retention of inducer and
      nonspecific DNA binding activities. Cysteine and methionine are oxidized under
      the conditions utilized. Covalent modification of the cysteines of repressor
      prior to reaction decreased the observed loss of operator DNA binding capacity;
      the presence of nonspecific DNA partially prevented oxidation of the cysteines by
      N-bromosuccinimide, and concurrent protection of operator binding ability was
      observed. Methionine oxidation was observed in the cases where protection of the
      operator DNA binding capacity of repressor was seen. The region surrounding
      cysteine 107 was found to be influential in maintaining intact operator DNA
      binding function in repressor. This observation provides chemical evidence for
      the contribution of the core region of repressor in determining specificity of
      the protein in binding the lac operator. The protection from oxidation of
      cysteine residues in the core region by the presence of nonspecific DNA suggests
      that this binding influences the core region of the protein.

PMID- 372190
TI  - Tryptic core protein of lactose repressor binds operator DNA.
AB  - The core protein produced by mild proteolytic digestion of lactose repressor
      protein has been purified from native repressor by chromatography on
      phosphocellulose. The core protein isolated in this manner binds to operator DNA
      with an apparent dissociation constant of 10(-7) M, and the observed binding is
      decreased by the presence of inducer. Competition studies with nonspecific DNA
      indicate that the binding species in the core protein preparations is neither
      intact lactose repressor nor mixed tetramers containing varying numbers of intact
      NH2-terminal regions. This conclusion is supported by experiments designed to
      measure the rate of dissociation of the core protein from the operator DNA.
      Calculations based on the assumption that the isolated core protein binds
      similarly to the corresponding region in intact repressor protein indicate that
      the core region contributes approximately 40 to 50% of the energy of binding to
      operator DNA. Furthermore, the change in operator affinity upon inducer binding
      to core accounts for a minimum of 60% of the free energy change in binding to
      operator observed for the native protein. The demonstration that core protein
      binds to operator DNA requires a re-evaluation of the various models for
      repressor binding to DNA. A possible model based on the available information is
      presented.

PMID- 372191
TI  - Glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase from Escherichia coli.
      Purification and properties.
AB  - Glutamine 5-phosphoribosylamine:pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase
      (amidophosphoribosyl-transferase) has been purified to homogeneity from
      Escherichia coli. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was 194,000 by
      sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation and 224,000 by gel filtration. A subunit
      Mr = 57,000 was estimated by gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate. Cross
      linking experiments gave species of Mr = 57,000, 117,000, and 177,000. A trimer
      or tetramer of identical subunits is indicated for the native enzyme. Highly
      active E. coli amidophosphoribosyl-transferase lacks significant nonheme iron.
      Enzyme activity was not enhanced by addition of iron salts and sulfide.
      Amidophosphoribosyltransferase exhibited both NH3- and glutamine-dependent
      activities. Glutaminase activity was detected in the absence of other substrates.
      Both glutamine- and NH3-dependent activities were subject to end product
      inhibition by purine 5'-ribonucleotides. AMP and GMP, in combination, gave
      synergistic inhibition. AMP and GMP exhibited positive cooperativity. In
      addition, GMP promoted cooperativity for saturation by 5-phosphoribosyl-1
      pyrophosphate. Glutamine utilization was inhibited by NH3, suggesting that the
      amide of glutamine is transferred to the NH3 site prior to amination of 5
      phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate. The glutamine-dependent activity was selectively
      inactivated by the glutamine analogs L-2-amino-4-oxo-5-chloropentanoic acid and 6
      diazo-5-oxo L-norleucine (DON) and by iodoacetamide. Incorporation of 1 eq of
      DON/subunit (Mr = 57,000) caused complete inactivation of the glutamine-dependent
      activity, thus providing evidence for one glutamine site per monomer and for the
      functional identity of the subunits. Following alkylation with iodoacetamide,
      carboxymethylcysteine was the only modified amino acid isolated from an acid
      hydrolysate. The glutamine-dependent activity was sensitive to oxidation.
      Inactivation by exposure to air was reversed by incubation with high
      concentrations of dithiothreitol.

PMID- 372192
TI  - Proinsulin precursors in catfish pancreatic islets.
AB  - The purpose of these experiments was to determine whether insulin-related
      peptides, larger than proinsulin, could be detected in pancreatic islet cells.
      Catfish pancreatic islets were incubated with radiolabeled amino acids. After 15-
      to 60-min incubation, two acid-alcohol-extractable peptides, larger than
      proinsulin, were detected which were approximately of Mr = 12,000 and 11,000 (12
      K and 11K, respectively). They migrated as single polypeptide chains by sodium
      dodecyl sulfate-urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing
      conditions, and were therefore not aggregates of insulin or proinsulin. The 12 K
      protein had identical mobility with catfish preoproinsulin synthesized in a wheat
      germ cell-free system. On standard electrophoresis at pH 8.9, the 12 K protein
      migrated separately from proinsulin and was at least 65% one protein with two to
      three minor contaminants. The 12 K and 11 K proteins were chemically related to
      insulin and proinsulin as shown by tryptic peptide analysis, using cation
      exchange resin chromatography, and by two-dimensional tryptic peptide maps.
      Analysis of the tryptic digest of the 12 K protein, compared to proinsulin after
      leucine aminopeptidase treatment, suggested that the NH2 terminus of the larger
      protein was different from that of proinsulin. These peptides were specifically
      bound to anti-insulin antibody. The binding was only 5 to 8% of the protein
      added, but was specific for the 12 K and 11 K proteins when the
      immunoprecipitates were examined by electrophoresis and not from contaminating
      proinsulin. During the continuous incubation of the islets with [3H]leucine, 12 K
      and 11 K proteins were synthesized in the cell before proinsulin. When islets
      were first incubated with [3H]leucine for 30 min followed by incubation with
      excess unlabeled leucine, the 12 K and 11 K proteins appeared to show a precursor
      product relationship to proinsulin and insulin. Even when total islet protein
      synthesis was inhibited by cycloheximide (100 microgram/ml), proinsulin continued
      to be synthesized for up to 2 h. This suggested that the conversion of the
      proinsulin precursors to proinsulin in the fish is a post-translational event.

PMID- 372193
TI  - Glutathione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides. Purification and
      characterization of glutaredoxin from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 372194
TI  - Can a small blood vessel prosthesis be derived from heterologous foreign body
      reactive tissue?
AB  - This study investigated as a small diameter vascular replacement the tissue
      formed adjacent to an implanted cylindrical foreign body, heterologously
      transplanted. Grafts of 4 mm i.d. were grown in rabbits and transplanted to dogs
      as segmental carotid and femoral artery replacements. These maintained 50%
      patency after 3 weeks. Variables in the further development of this concept are
      discussed.

PMID- 372195
TI  - Electrochemical dissolution of metallic implants prior to histologic sectioning.

PMID- 372196
TI  - Crochet hook to help pass sutures through bone.

PMID- 372197
TI  - Nicholas J. Giannestras, M.D., 1909-1978.

PMID- 372198
TI  - Experimental remarks on various types of small vessel anastomoses.
AB  - Experiments were carried out on small arteries in dogs with end-to-end
      anastomosis by conventional sutures. Nakayama's rings and methyl-2-Cyanocrylate
      adhesive. Problems concerning their application for a satisfactory patency of the
      vessels are discussed. In conclusion, the best results were observed in the
      second group, while the use of adhesive material, though promising, is not to be
      advocated till further development of the material.

PMID- 372199
TI  - Nuclear volume control by nucleoskeletal DNA, selection for cell volume and cell
      growth rate, and the solution of the DNA C-value paradox.
AB  - The 40,000-fold variation in eukaryote haploid DNA content is unrelated to
      organismic complexity or to the numbers of protein-coding genes. In eukaryote
      microorganisms, as well as in animals and plants, DNA content is strongly
      correlated with cell volume and nuclear volume, and with cell cycle length and
      minimum generation time. These correlations are simply explained by postulating
      that DNA has 2 major functions unrelated to its protein-coding capacity: (1) the
      control of cell volume by the number of replicon origins, and (2) the
      determination of nuclear volume by the overall bulk of the DNA: cell growth rates
      are determined by the cell volume and by the area of the nuclear envelope
      available for nucleocytoplasmic transport of RNA, which in turn depends on the
      nuclear volume and therefore on the DNA content. During evolution nuclear volume,
      and therefore DNA content, has to be adjusted to the cell volume to allow
      reasonable growth rates. The great diversity of cell volumes and growth rates,
      and therefore of DNA contents, among eukaryotes results from a varying balance in
      different species between r-selection, which favours small cells and rapid growth
      rates and therefore low DNA C-values, and K-selection which favours large cells
      and slow growth rates and therefore high DNA C-values. In multicellular organisms
      cell size needs to vary in different tissues: size differences between somatic
      cells result from polyteny, endopolyploidy, or the synthesis of nucleoskeletal
      RNA. Conflict between the need for large ova and small somatic cells explains why
      lampbrush chromosomes, nurse cells, chromatin diminution and chromosome
      elimination evolved. Similar evolutionary considerations clarify the nature of
      polygenes, the significance of the distribution of haploidy, diploidy and
      dikaryosis in life cycles and of double fertilization in angiosperms, and of
      heteroploidy despite DNA constancy in cultured cells, and other puzzles in
      eukaryote chromosome biology. Eukaryote DNA can be divided into genic DNA (G
      DNA), which codes for proteins (or serves as recognition sites for proteins
      involved in transcription, replication and recombination), and nucleoskeletal DNA
      (S-DNA) which exists only because of its nucleoskeletal role in determining the
      nuclear volume (which it shares with G-DNA, and performs not only directly, but
      also indirectly by coding for nucleoskeletal RNA). Mechanistic and evolutionary
      implications of this are discussed.

PMID- 372200
TI  - Chemical information sources: aids in the review of drug applications.
AB  - Applications of computerized databases to the "Chemist's Review" of drug
      applications are presented with emphasis on the critical topics addressed in the
      controls review process and the time limitations imposed thereon.

PMID- 372201
TI  - Epidemiology of cystic fibrosis: a review.

PMID- 372202
TI  - Glucagon-insulin interactions in patients with insulin-producing pancreatic islet
      lesions.

PMID- 372204
TI  - Enhanced frequency and magnitude of episodic luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone discharge as a hypothalamic mechanism for increased luteinizing hormone
      secretion.

PMID- 372203
TI  - Studies on the role of sex steroids in the feedback control of gonadotropin
      concentrations in men. II. Use of the estrogen antagonist, clomiphene citrate.

PMID- 372205
TI  - David Preswick Barr.

PMID- 372206
TI  - Studies on the role of sex steroids in the feedback control of gonadotropin
      concentrations in men. III. Androgen resistance in primary gonadal failure.

PMID- 372207
TI  - Abnormal plasma catecholamine responses in acromegalics.
AB  - Plasma dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine responses to bromocriptine (2.5
      mg orally) or to LRH (100 microgram iv) were studied in seven acromegalic
      patients. In contrast to normal men, in whom plasma concentrations of
      catecholamines decrease markedly, acromegalic subjects fail to show decreases in
      plasma dopamine, norepinephrine, or epinephrine in response to bromocriptine
      (four of four studied) or LRH (three of four studied). Mean basal plasma
      catecholamine concentrations do not differ in acromegalic patients, normal men,
      and a group of nonacromegalic endocrine control patients. Since it appears that
      bromocriptine and LRH suppress plasma catecholamine concentrations through
      mechanisms at brain catecholamine neurons, these data are compatible with
      disordered catecholamine neurons in the brain of patients with acromegaly.

PMID- 372208
TI  - The hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis in thyrotoxicosis.
AB  - The hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis was evaluated in seven men with
      thyrotoxicosis due to Graves' disease. Loss of libido and decreased potency were
      present in 71% and 56%, respectively. All patients had normal testicular volume
      (25 ml in all) and gynecomastia was detected in two of seven patients. Total
      sperm counts were less than 40 million in four of the five men tested. There was
      an inverse correlation between basal serum 17 beta-estradiol (E2) levels and
      total sperm count (r = -0.87; P less than 0.05). Mean (+/- SE) total testosterone
      (T) and E2 levels (1008 +/- 104 ng/100 ml and 104 +/- 16 pg/ml) were
      significantly higher than in normal men (P less than 0.05). Free T (13.6 +/- 2.4
      ng/100 ml) was indistinguishable from normal (15.3 +/- 1.5 ng/100 ml). The mean
      (+/- SE) response of serum T to hCG administration was blunted (80 +/- 40%)
      compared to controls (193 +/- 19%; P less than 0.02). Basal plasma LH levels
      (15.5 +/- 1.5 mIU/ml) were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than in normal
      men (9.1 +/- 0.6 mIU/ml) and hyperresponded to 100 microgram LRH iv in five of
      seven patients. Basal plasma FSH levels and the FSH response to LRH were normal.
      These results suggest that men with hyperthyroidism have 1) partial Leydig cell
      failure, 2) impairment of spermatogenesis, and 3) blunting of the feedback
      effects of E2.

PMID- 372209
TI  - Repetitive infusion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone distinguishes hypothalamic
      from pituitary hypogonadism.
AB  - Patients who have severe hypogonadotropic hypogonadism caused by presumed
      hypothalamic disease often have a subnormal LH response to a bolus dose of
      gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). To determine if this subnormal response is
      the result of lack of exposure of the pituitary gonadotroph cells to GnRH, five
      such men were given daily infusions of 500 microgram GnRH, for 7 days. A standard
      250-microgram bolus test dose of GnRH was administered before and again
      immediately after the week of GnRH infusions. Five men who had severe
      hypogonadotropic hypogonadism as a result of presumed pituitary disease also
      received daily GnRH infusions for 1 week. The mean incremental LH responses (+/-
      SE) to GnRH of the men with presumed hypothalamic disease were 5.0 +/- 1.9 mIU/ml
      before and 56.9 mIU/ml after the week of infusions. The mean incremental LH
      responses of the men with presumed pituitary disease were 2.4 +/- 0.7 mIU/ml
      before and 3.7 +/- 2.9 mIU/ml after the week of infusions. These data suggest
      that the normal gonadotroph requires prolonged exposure to GnRH for LH
      responsiveness to become normal, but that the severely damaged gonadotroph cannot
      be stimulated to release LH normally even by the same prolonged stimulation with
      GnRH.

PMID- 372210
TI  - Recognition of a new serogroup of Legionnaires disease bacterium.
AB  - A strain of the Legionnaires disease bacterium (LDB) that was isolated by Joseph
      E. McDade from a postmortem lung specimen of a patient with fatal atypical
      pneumonia at the Veterans Administration Hospital in Togus, Maine was
      serologically different from 16 other strains of LDB that had been isolated
      previously from patients in other geographic locations. The serological
      differences of the Togus isolate were shown in results of direct and indirect
      fluorescent antibody staining and of immunoelectrophoresis with soluble antigen
      extracts. Seroconversion for the Togus strain of LDB in acute- and convalescent
      phase sera from a second patient with atypical pneumonia at the Veterans
      Administration Hospital in Togus indicated that this patient had been infected
      with an LDB that was serologically similar or identical to the Togus isolate. The
      Togus serogroup of LDB should be considered when performing serological tests for
      Legionnaires disease.

PMID- 372211
TI  - Single-radial hemolysis as a cost-effective determinant of Rubella antibody
      status.
AB  - Single-radial hemolysis was examined for sensitivity, reliability, and cost for
      determination of rubella antibody levels in the general population. Results
      obtained with single-radial hemolysis plates made in this laboratory, and those
      under development by a commercial manufacturer, were compared with those obtained
      by the hemagglutination inhibition method normally used for rubella antibody
      determinations. The results suggest that single-radial hemolysis is comparable to
      hemagglutination inhibition with respect to sensitivity and reliability; it is
      superior to hemagglutination inhibition in terms of ease of manipulation and
      economy of use.

PMID- 372212
TI  - Improved reliability of the primary plate bacitracin test on throat cultures with
      sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim blood agar plates.
AB  - The primary plate bacitracin differentiation disk susceptibility test identified
      85% of group A streptococci from throat cultures on SXT-BA(CO2) plates within 24
      h, as compared to only 26% on a conventional sheep blood agar plate.

PMID- 372213
TI  - Routine separation of staphylococci from micrococci based on bacteriolytic
      activity production.
AB  - A new method is described by which separation of staphylococci from micrococci
      can be achieved in routine laboratory use. The basis of this method is that
      bacteriolytic activity is produced by staphylococci but not by micrococci.

PMID- 372214
TI  - Adaptation of the staphylococcal coagglutination technique for detection of heat
      labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Protein A-containing staphylococci coated with specific antiserum were tested for
      heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli. The immunological cross-reactivity
      of E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin with Vibrio cholerae toxin (choleragen) was
      the basis for sensitizing stabilized suspensions of the Cowan I strain of
      Staphylococcus aureus with anticholeragen. Unconcentrated culture supernatant
      fluid containing E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin produced macroscopic
      agglutination when mixed with sensitized staphylococci in capillary tubes. A
      total of 15 toxigenic and 61 nontoxigenic isolates were tested by the
      staphylococcal coagglutination technique in a coded fashion and found to be in
      agreement with previous results of the Chinese hamster ovary cell assay and the
      passive immune hemolysis test. The staphylococcal coagglutination technique is
      simple, relatively inexpensive to perform, and requires the immunoglobulin
      fraction of anticholeragen as the only specific reagent. The staphylococcal
      coagglutination technique appears to have potential for routine use in diagnostic
      microbiology laboratories.

PMID- 372215
TI  - Improved laboratory efficiency and diagnostic accuracy with new double-lumen
      protected swab for for endometrial specimens.
AB  - Intrauterine specimens were obtained from 22 patients with endometritis and 24
      control patients following cesarean section by using both a new protected swab
      and a standard anaerobic swab. The protected swab improved the value of the
      direct smear and Gram stain, resulted in fewer false-positive cultures, better
      defined endometrial flora in patients with endometritis, and permitted major
      savings in laboratory personnel time and materials.

PMID- 372216
TI  - Solid-phase microtiter radioimmunoassay blocking test for detection of antibodies
      to Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin.
AB  - The development of a solid-phase microtiter radioimmunoassay blocking test to
      detect serum antibody to Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin is described.
      The assay is easy to perform and quantitate, and it is sensitive and specific.

PMID- 372217
TI  - Factors affecting isolation and identification of Haemophilus vaginalis
      (Corynebacterium vaginale).
AB  - The rate of isolation of organisms resembling Haemophilus vaginalis
      (Corynebacterium vaginale) from vaginal specimens was not significantly affected
      by anaerobic versus carbon dioxide incubation atmospheres or whether specimens
      were inoculated on isolation media immediately after collection or after a delay
      of 6 h. Forty-one clinically isolated strains were provisionally divided into 30
      H. vaginalis strains and 11 H. vaginalis-like (HVL) strains based on
      morphological and growth characteristics. The H. vaginalis strains were less
      reactive in API-20A identification test strips, (Analytab Products, Inc.) using
      Lombard-Dowell broth, than in a modified basal medium that contained proteose
      peptone no. 3 (Difco). The numbers and kinds of substrates fermented by 30
      clinical and 2 reference strains of H. vaginalis varied among conventional, API,
      Minitek (Baltimore Biological Laboratory), and rapid buffered substrate
      fermentation systems. A greater number and variety of carbohydrates were
      fermented by the 11 HVL strains more consistently in all four test systems.
      Analysis of volatile and nonvolatile fermentation end products by gas-liquid
      chromatography did not reveal significant differences between the H. vaginalis
      and HVL strains. However, the latter group grew in peptone-yeast extract-glucose
      broth, whereas the H. vaginalis strains did not grow without the addition of
      starch to peptone-yeast extract-glucose. All of the reference and clinical
      strains were similar in their susceptibilities to a variety of antimicrobial
      compounds except sulfonamides, which inhibited the HVL strains and bifidobacteria
      but not the H. vaginalis strains. Sulfonamide susceptibility or resistance
      corresponded in part to the H. vaginalis and HVL-bifidobacteria strain reactions
      on selected conventional fermentation substrates. Susceptibility or resistance to
      sulfonamides and metronidazole in conjunction with fermentation tests is
      described to aid in the separation of H. vaginalis from other possibly
      unrecognized biotypes of H. vaginalis or other vaginal bacteria that
      presumptively resemble the organism. A human blood medium known as V agar was
      also of considerable value in distinguishing H. vaginalis from HVL strains,
      because only the H. vaginalis strains produced diffuse beta-hemolysis on V agar.

PMID- 372218
TI  - Biochemical, enzymatic, and serological differentiation of Peptococcus indolicus
      (Christiansen) Sorensen from Peptococcus asaccharolyticus (Distaso) Douglas.
AB  - Peptococcus indolicus (formerly Micrococcus indolicus) is an asaccharolytic
      anaerobic coccus that is frequently isolated from udder secretions from cases of
      heifer and dry-cow mastitis (summer mastitis). To facilitate better
      identification and its differentiation from Peptococcus asaccharolyticus, a
      variety of biochemical, enzymatic, and serological properties were studied.
      Seventy-nine strains of P. indolicus of bovine origin and 10 strains of P.
      asaccharolyticus of human origin were examined using the API 20A and API-ZYM test
      kit systems. In addition, production of extracellular enzymes by using sensitive
      substrate-containing agar plate tests, production of peptocoagulase (a plasma
      clotting factor), hemolytic properties, metabolic end products by gas
      chromatography, and serological characteristics with a set of P. indolicus typing
      antisera were investigated. P. indolicus and P. asaccharolyticus were not
      satisfactorily differentiated solely by the API 20A system. P. indolicus differed
      from P. asaccharolyticus in producing H(2)S, reducing nitrate to nitrite,
      producing peptocoagulase, possessing alkaline phosphatase, and producing large
      amounts of propionate from lactate. Moreover, none of the strains of P.
      asaccharolyticus was typable with the P. indolicus typing antisera. The majority
      (88%) of P. indolicus strains also gave weak hydrolysis of ribonucleic acid, and
      6 out of 79 produced deoxyribonuclease. All strains in this study were sensitive
      to metronidazole (5 mug) by disk diffusion tests.

PMID- 372219
TI  - Problems affecting performance of the fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption
      test for syphilis.
AB  - Immunofluorescent staining of Treponema pallidum was studied to clarify the
      effect of three factors on the results of the fluorescent treponemal antibody
      absorption test: (i) heat inactivation of sera at 56 degrees C for 30 min before
      testing, (ii) use of multicircle slides, and (iii) tungsten illumination to
      visualize and assess unstained treponemes on reactive as well as nonreactive
      smears. It was found that serum inactivation before testing was not necessary for
      detection of immunoglobin G antibody, but an immunoglobulin M prozone was
      detected in unheated serum. On multicircle slides, it was demonstrated that a
      false-positive reaction could be obtained in 30 s at 37 and 25 degrees C if a
      smear where a nonreactive serum had been placed was crossed by a strongly
      reactive serum from another circle. Tungsten illumination proved necessary for
      correct assessment of unstained treponemes on all fluorescent treponemal antibody
      aborption test smears, reactive or nonreactive. The possible role of these
      factors in incorrect fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test results is
      discussed.

PMID- 372220
TI  - Evaluation of colistin and nalidixic acid in Todd-Hewitt broth for selective
      isolation of group B streptocci.
AB  - Todd-Hewitt broth (THB) containing colistin and nalidixic acid was compared with
      four other media with respect to efficacy of isolation of group B streptocci. It
      was effective as plain THB, THB with gentamicin and nalidixic acid and blood, and
      THB with colistin, nalidixic acid, and blood. THB with gentamicin and nalidixic
      acid, but without blood, was inhibitory to group B streptocci. The value of THB
      with colistin and nalidixic acid lies in its ability to successfully inhibit gram
      negative organisms and still promote group B streptococcal growth without the
      addition of blood. This greatly reduces the time and expense of media preparation
      and permits early determination of bacterial growth, so that other means of
      rapidly identifying group B streptocci can be applied at the earliest possible
      time.

PMID- 372221
TI  - Simplified chromatographic separation of immunoglobulin M from G and its
      application to toxoplasma indirect immunofluorescence.
AB  - The indirect immunofluorescent (IIF) antibody technique for the detection of
      Toxoplasma gondii immunoglobulin M (IgM) often gives false negative results,
      probably due to the competition between IgG and IgM. We therefore adapted a gel
      filtration procedure for the separation of IgG and IgM to a routine diagnostic
      test capable handling at least 10 sera per day and requiring only 50 microliters
      of serum. The results from 108 sera having positive complement fixation titers
      for Toxoplasma showed that 17 were IgM positive when the whole serum was tested
      by IIF compared with 55 positive when the IgM fraction was used. Sera with
      antideoxyribonucleic acid titers do not give false positive results after
      fractionation, and the removal of IgG eliminates false positive results due to
      rheumatoid factor. A prospective study showed that Toxoplasma IgM may persist up
      to 9 months.

PMID- 372222
TI  - Accuracy and reproducibility of the Oxi/Ferm system in identifying a select group
      of unusual gram-negative bacilli.
AB  - The Oxi/Ferm (O/F) identification system was compared in a double-blind study to
      a conventional test battery for the characterization of 96 reference and clinical
      strains consisting of 83 nonfermentative and 13 oxidase-producing, fermentative
      gram-negative bacilli. The O/F tube and supplemental tests correctly identified
      84% of the nonfermentative and 77% of the oxidase-producing, fermentative
      bacilli. However, when the supplemental tests were excluded and the biochemical
      profiles generated by all nine O/F tube reactions were examined, the profile
      accuracy reached 95% (79 of 83) for the nonfermentative and 93% (12 of 13) for
      oxidase-producing, fermentative bacilli. Seven of the nine O/F substrate
      reactions demonstrated less than or equal to 89% agreement with conventional
      reactions, whereas the urea and arginine reactions provided 82 and 85% agreement,
      respectively. Replicate O/F tests with six selected organisms demonstrated 97%
      identification reproducibility and 84% overall substrate reproducibility. The
      mean O/F identification time was 2.6 days as compared to 3.3 days for the
      conventional system. Although this study suggests that the O/F system is a
      convenient, rapid, and accurate alternative to conventional identification
      methods, several modifications are recommended.

PMID- 372223
TI  - Evaluation of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim blood agar plates for recovery of
      group A streptocci from throat cultures.
AB  - We compared the selective blood agar medium of Gunn et al. (J. Clin. Microbiol.
      5:650-655, 1977) which contains sulfamethoxazole plus trimethoprim (SXT-BA) to
      the conventional blood agar surface plate (SBA) and a modified blood agar pour
      plate plus broth method for the recovery of group A streptococci from throat
      swabs. The influence of CO(2) and ambient air incubation of the SXT-BA and SBA
      plates was also evaluated. A total of 696 throat swabs from symptomatic children
      were cultured simultaneously by the five methods and observed after overnight
      incubation; 204 positive cultures were detected overall. Recovery rates of each
      individual method were: SXT-BA (CO(2)), 90.7%; SXT-BA (air), 87.7%; pour plate
      plus broth, 83.3%; SBA (CO(2)), 79.4%; and SBA (air) 77%. Approximately one-half
      of the false-negative cultures in the SXT-BA (CO(2)) and SXT-BA (air) methods had
      colony counts of >/=10 to 100 colonies per plate. In contrast, for the SBA
      (CO(2)), SBA (air), and pour plate plus broth methods, approximately 70% of the
      false-negative cultures had colony counts of >/=10 to 100/plate. False-positive
      cultures obtained by the SXT-BA (CO(2)) and SXT-BA (air) methods were 11 and
      12.7%, respectively-one-half as high as the rates obtained by the remaining
      methods. Beta-hemolytic streptococci, groups C, F, and G, are inhibited on the
      SXT-BA plates and were the primary cause of the higher false-positive rates on
      SBA and pour plate plus broth methods. An additional 3% positive cultures were
      obtained by incubating SXT-BA (CO(2)) plates up to 48 h before discarding as
      negative. We recommend either the SXT-BA (CO(2)) or the SXT-BA (air) method with
      up to 48 h of incubation for routine use in throat cultures.

PMID- 372224
TI  - Sensitivity, precision, and accuracy of the Y1 adrenal cell enterotoxin assay.
AB  - The Y1 adrenal cell assay for heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) was found to be
      relatively insensitive for filtrates of toxigenic Escherichia coli H10407. When
      observations were made blindly and subjected to rigorous controls, reliable
      detection of LT occured only at filtrate dilutions from 1:4 to 1:10. Detection of
      LT was unreliable when E. coli H10407 was mixed with another enteric organism.
      Overall, 7.1% of observers' reports from a single assay were imprecise, and 2.6%
      would have resulted in errors in detection of LT; however, triplicate assays
      prevented false positive reports of LT detection. Routine testing for LT
      production in the clinical diagnostic laboratory awaits a simpler, more
      sensitive, and more direct method of testing stool specimens.

PMID- 372225
TI  - Reproducibility of an indirect immunofluorescent-antibody technique for capsular
      serotyping of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AB  - Reproducibility of capsular serotypes of 55 consecutive clinical isolates of
      Klebsiella pneumoniae was evaluated by an indirect immunofluorescent-antibody
      technique previously described by Riser et al. (J. Clin. Pathol. 29: 296-304,
      1976) Five colonies per specimen were examined for colony-to-colony variation,
      day-to-day variation, and reader-to-reader variation. Seventy-two reference
      strains were tested with each of 18 pools and 72 specific antisera prior to the
      clinical specimens to determine antiserum specificity and cross-reaction
      patterns. Lot-to-lot variation was examined with the reference strains. There was
      minimal lot-to-lot variation among the antisera tested. Ten antiserum pools
      required supplementation with individual antisera. The patterns of
      supplementation may vary from lot to lot. Colony-to-colony variation in intensity
      of immunofluorescence occurred, but there was no variation in serotype. These
      findings differ from previously reported colonial variation which occurred when
      API 20E biotypes were determined for individual colonies of K. pneumoniae
      directly from clinical specimens. Eighteen percent of clinical isolates studied
      gave cross-reactions when tested with the indicated specific antiserum. All but
      one of the cross-reactions were resolved with further dilutions. Day-to-day and
      reader-to-reader variations were minimal. The immunofluorescent-antibody
      technique is a reliable and reproducible method for capsular serotype
      determination. Capsular serotypes are less variable than API biotypes since
      colony-to-colony variation of serotype does not occur.

PMID- 372226
TI  - Comparison of the API 20E and Oxi/Ferm systems in identification of
      nonfermentative and oxidase-positive fermentative bacteria.
AB  - The API 20E and Oxi/Ferm systems were tested in parallel to identify
      nonfermentative bacteria and oxidase-positive fermentative bacteria. Test strains
      consisted of consecutive clinical isolates, with stock cultures used to
      supplement those species infrequently recovered. The two microsystems, as well as
      tubes of triple sugar iron, motility, cetrimide, and oxidative glucose media,
      were inoculated by each worker for each organism. Identification of each isolate
      was by the protocol of the manufacturers, with supplemental tests and flagella
      stains performed when necessary. Concurrent identification was undertaken with a
      conventional system against which the results of the two systems were compared
      for accuracy. There was a 95.3% accuracy in identification by the Oxi-Ferm system
      and 88.9% by the API system. Almost one-fourth of all identification attempts
      with the API required computer assistance, and most of these were for oxidase
      positive bacteria. Because of this, and because the API system showed greater
      accuracy in identification of the oxidase-negative bacteria, it seems best suited
      for identification of these organisms (P. maltophilia, A. anitratus, and A.
      lwoffi). The Oxi/Ferm system is technically less cumbersome than the API and is
      well suited for both groups of organisms.

PMID- 372227
TI  - Comparison of media and techniques for detection of group A streptococci in
      throat swab specimens.
AB  - Detection of group A streptococci in primary throat cultures was compared by
      using aerobic and anerobic incubation with selective nonselective media. Sheep
      blood agar plates incubated anaerobically detected 98% of the group A
      streptococci, whereas aerobically incubated blood agar plates which had been
      stabbed at the time of inoculation detected only 63%. Blood agar plates
      containing sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (23.75 and 1.25 mirograms per ml,
      respectively) detected only 70% of group A streptocci when incubated aerobically
      and 84% when incubated anaerobically.

PMID- 372228
TI  - Rapid subtyping of influenza A virus isolates by membrane fluorescence.
AB  - During the winter of 1977-1978 three influenza A virus serotypes (A/Vic/3/75,
      A/Texas/1/77 [both H3N2], and A/USSR/90/77 [H1N1]) circulated in Denver, offering
      us the opportunity to apply fluorescent antibody techniques to the specific
      identification of these viruses. Surface antigens of infected, unfixed primary
      monkey kidney cells were stained in suspension by an indirect immunofluorescence
      technique with anti-H3N2 and anti-H1N1 antisera. In tests of cells infected with
      known viruses, the members of the H3N2 family could not be distinguished from one
      another, but were easily distinguished from H1N1 strains. A total of 101
      hemadsorption-positive clinical specimens were evaluated over a 6-month period.
      Forty-five of 48 influenza A H3N2 and 24 of 29 H1N1 specimens confirmed by
      hemagglutination inhibition were correctly identified by membrane fluorescence of
      cultured cells, with no misidentifications among influenza strains and with 1
      false positive among 24 non-influenza isolates. The average time to
      identification by this technique was 4 days compared to 7 days by
      hemagglutination inhibition. Live cell membrane fluorescence is a simple, rapid,
      and accurate method for identifying and grouping influenza A viruses.

PMID- 372229
TI  - Isolation of Clostridium botulinum from Honey.
AB  - Methods for the isolation of Clostridium botulinum from honey samples are
      described. A total of 9 of 90 honey samples were positive for C. botulinum; 6 of
      the positive samples had been fed to babies who developed infant botulism.

PMID- 372230
TI  - Invasive strain of Escherichia coli belonging to O group 29.
AB  - A strain of Escherichia coli isolated from a child with diarrhea was
      biochemically similar and antigenically identical (O and K antigens) to the
      standard strain of E. coli O group 29 and was positive in the Sereny test for
      invasiveness, which suggests that it can cause a Shigella-like illness.

PMID- 372231
TI  - Compact anaerobic glove box for hospitals and research laboratories.
AB  - An anaerobic glove box designed for moderate-sized hospitals or research
      laboratories is described. The compact vinyl and metal enclosure becomes
      anaerobic rapidly after inflation, requires no vacuum pump, and provides
      incubator space equivalent to 15 standard anaerobic jars.

PMID- 372232
TI  - Detection of pigment precursors in white clinical strains of Serratia marcescens.
AB  - Filter paper strips containing a pigment precursor extracted from Serratia
      marcescens strain 933 were used to determine whether white, clinical S.
      marcescens strains could form pigment syntrophically. In all, 114 strains (113 of
      clinical origin) were tested, and 99% were found to develop colors ranging from
      violets to pinks.

PMID- 372233
TI  - Experimental glomerulonephritis in the isolated perfused rat kidney.
AB  - The development of immune deposits on the subepithelial surface of the glomerular
      capillary wall was studied in isolated rat kidneys perfused at controlled
      perfusion pressure, pH, temperature, and flow rates with recirculating oxygenated
      perfusate containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) in buffer and sheep antibody to
      rat proximal tubular epithelial cell brush border antigen (Fx1A). Control kidney
      were perfused with equal concentrations of non-antibody immunoglobulin (Ig)G.
      Renal function was monitored by measuring inulin clearance, sodium reabsorption,
      and urine flow as well as BSA excretion and fractional clearance. Perfused
      kidneys were studied by light, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. All
      kidneys perfused with anti-Fx1A developed diffuse, finely granular deposits of
      IgG along the glomerular capillary wall by immunofluorescence. Electron
      microscopy revealed these deposits to be localized exclusively in the
      subepithelial space and slit pores. Similar deposits were produced in a
      nonrecirculating perfusion system, thereby excluding the formation of immune
      complexes in the perfusate caused by renal release of tubular antigen. Control
      kidneys perfused with nonantibody IgG did not develop glomerular immune deposits.
      Renal function and BSA excretion were the same in experimental and control
      kidneys. Glomerular deposits in antibody perfused kidneys were indistinguishable
      from deposits in rats injected with anti-Fx1A or immunized with Fx1A to produce
      autologous immune complex nephropathy. These studies demonstrate that
      subepithelial immune deposits can be produced in the isolated rat kidney by
      perfusion with specific antibody to Fx1A in the absence of circulating immune
      complexes. In this model deposits result from in situ complex formation rather
      than circulating immune complex deposition.

PMID- 372234
TI  - The modification of biophysical and endotoxic properties of bacterial
      lipopolysaccharides by serum.
AB  - Normal rabbit serum reduces the buoyant density of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from
      Escherichia coli 0111:B4 (d = 1.44 g/cm3) and Salmonella minnesota R595 (d = 1.38
      g/cm3) to a value less than g/cm3. This density shift is associated with the
      inhibition of a number of endotoxic activities of the LPS; namely, the pyrogenic
      activity, the ability to produce an immediate neutropenia in rabbits, lethality
      in adrenalectomized mice, and anticomplementary activity. A qualitatively similar
      change in buoyant density was observed to occur after intravenous injection of
      the LPS into rabbits. Preliminary evidence suggests that the density shift does
      not occur as a result of the degradation of the glycolipid backbone of the LPS.
      These data suggest that the interactions of LPS with plasma (or serum) components
      leading to reduction in buoyant density may account for a major pathway of LPS
      detoxification.

PMID- 372235
TI  - Role of secretory events in modulating human neutrophil chemotaxis.
AB  - The relationship between neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) locomotion
      and the exocytosis of neutrophil cytoplasmic granules was studied by assessing
      these processes in cells migrating through micropore filters and by measuring the
      effects of degranulating stimuli on PMN chemotaxis, orientation, adhesiveness,
      and ability to bind the chemoattractant f-Met-Leu-[3H]Phe. Studies of cells
      migrating through cellulose nitrate filters indicated that concentrations of f
      Met-Leu-Phe optimal for exocytosis were greater than those optimal for chemotaxis
      and actually inhibited cell migration. In other studies incubation of PMNs with
      concentrations of secretagogues causing exocytosis of 30% or greater PMN lysozyme
      increased cell adhesiveness and inhibited chemotaxis. PMNs that had secreted more
      than 30% lysozyme appeared round, did not orient in a gradient of
      chemoattractant, and were capable of significantly less f-Met-Leu-[3H]Phe binding
      than were control cells. The decreased binding of f-Met-Leu-Phe was not
      associated with hydrolysis of chemotactic peptide by washed cells, although
      peptide hydrolysis was caused by cell products secreted extracellularly after
      vigorous exocytosis. In contrast, when only 10--15% cellular lysozyme was
      released f-Met-Leu-Phe binding was enhanced significantly and there was no
      depression of chemotaxis. The data indicate limited exocytosis of intracellular
      granule contents is associated with increased availability of PMN cehmotactic
      factor receptors. Vigorous exocytosis is associated with inactivation of
      chemotactic responsiveness related to increase cell adhesiveness, decreased PMN
      binding of chemotactic factors, and to hydrolysis of chemoattractants by factors
      secreted extracellularly.

PMID- 372236
TI  - Adenosine deaminase deficiency: disappearance of adenine deoxynucleotides from a
      patient's erythrocytes after successful marrow transplantation.
AB  - Accumulation of adenine deoxynucleotides (dATP and dADP) in the erythrocytes of a
      patient with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency was confirmed. The patient, now
      18 mo old, was treated with a bone marrow transplantation from his HLA identical
      sister at 7 mo of age. Before and after the transplant, his erythrocyte and
      lymphocyte ADA activities, as well as his erythrocyte nucleotide profiles, were
      measured. 10 wk after the marrow transplant, no ADA activity could be detected in
      his erythrocytes, whereas there was a mixture of donor and patient lymphocytes as
      measured by ADA assays and karyotyping. At the same time, both dATP and dADP had
      disappeared from his erythrocytes, which were entirely of patient origin. These
      findings indicate that partial engraftment of donor lymphocytes into an ADA
      deficient patient is capable of "correcting" alterations of deoxynucleotide
      concentrations in the patient's ADA-deficient erythrocytes.

PMID- 372237
TI  - Selective binding site for [3H]prostacyclin on platelets.
AB  - Prostacyclin (PGI(2)) is the most potent, naturally occurring inhibitor of
      platelet aggregation known. To determine whether PGI(2) is bound by platelets,
      high specific activity [9-(3)H]PGI(2) was synthesized by iodination and
      subsequent base treatment of the labeled precursor [9-(3)H]prostaglandin
      (PG)F(2alpha) methyl ester. Binding experiments were performed at room
      temperature with normal citrated human platelet-rich plasma that contained
      [(14)C]sucrose or [(14)C]PGF(1alpha) as an internal marker for the extracellular
      space. Binding of [(3)H]PGI(2) plateaued within 2 min and this bond radioactivity
      could be displaced rapidly by excess nonradioactive PGI(2). Scatchard analysis of
      concentration-dependent binding yielded a hyperbolic plot which appeared to be
      caused by the existence of two classes of binding sites. The higher affinity
      class has a dissociation constant of 12.1+/-2.7 nM and a capacity of 93 (+/
      21)sites per platelet. The lower affinity class had a dissociation constant of
      0.909+/-.236 muM and a capacity of 2,700+/-700 sites per platelet. The relative
      ability of PGI(2), PGE(1), PGE(2), and 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) to displace
      [(3)H]PGI(2) initially bound to the higher affinity class of sites were
      100:5:<0.3: <0.3. These relative abilities parallel the relative potencies of
      these compounds as inhibitors of ADP-induced platelet aggregation in vitro.
      However PGD(2), which is more potent than PGE(1) as an inhibitor of aggregation,
      did not displace bound [(3)H]PGI(2). The higher affinity binding site for PGI(2)
      appears to be the specific receptor through which PGI(2) exerts its effect on
      platelets.

PMID- 372238
TI  - Motility and adhesiveness in human neutrophils. Effects of chemotactic factors.
AB  - Human peripheral blood neutrophils (PMN) obtained from healthy adults were
      examined in vitro with techniques adapted to assess the effects of chemotactic
      factors (CF) on cellular configuration and adhesiveness. The results were
      compared with those that use certain conventional techniques for assessing
      chemotaxis and chemokinesis. Exposure of PMN to N-formyl-l-methionyl-l
      phenylalanine (f-Met-Phe), zymosan-activated serum, bacterial chemotactic factor,
      or a low molecular weight chemotactic factor from activated serum (C5a) in the
      absence of a gradient resulted in a change in cellular shape from a spherical to
      a polarized configuration in a high percentage of cells. This occurred rapidly in
      suspension, under conditions designed to exclude a role for cell adhesiveness,
      and was reversible upon removal of the CF. Restimulation of cells with the CF
      resulted in reappearance of the polarized configuration to the same extent as on
      initial stimulation with one exception: f-Met-Phe pretreated cells failed to
      respond to f-Met-Phe, though they responded fully to the other CF. Each CF caused
      a significant increase in PMN attachment to protein-coated glass. This enhanced
      adhesiveness was not reversible upon removal of the CF when the cells were
      treated under conditions shown to produce chemotactic deactivation. Cells treated
      under these conditions also exhibited significantly reduced motility on glass and
      in micropore filters in the absence of a gradient of CF. Bacterial chemotactic
      factor, even at high concentrations, failed to produce deactivation and did not
      cause a sustained enhancement of adhesiveness.

PMID- 372239
TI  - Administration of gonadal steroids to the castrated male rat prevents a decrease
      in the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the incubated hypothalamus.
AB  - The influence of testosterone on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion
      was assessed indirectly by altering the serum testosterone concentration of male
      rats and measuring GnRH release from their incubated hypothalami 1 wk later.GnRH
      release from hypothalami of castrated rats was 13.4+/-1.2 (SE) pg/h, compared to
      35.3+/-3.8 pg/h from hypothalami of intact rats (P < 0.001). GnRH release from
      the hypothalami of castrated rats treated with testosterone propionate, 100 or
      500 mug daily, was 25.0+/-3.4 pg/h and 27.9+/-3.6 pg/h, which is significantly
      greater (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) than that from hypothalami of
      castrated rats treated only with sesame oil.A similar decrease in GnRH release
      from hypothalami of hypophysectomized rats and prevention of this decrease by
      treating the hypophysectomized rats with testosterone propionate is evidence that
      the observed effects of testosterone are not mediated via luteinizing hormone
      and(or) follicle-stimulating hormone secretion. Treatment of castrated rats with
      either dihydrotestosterone propionate or estradiol benzoate also prevented the
      decrease in GnRH release from the hypothalami of castrated rats. We conclude that
      testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol all prevent the decrease in GnRH
      release from hypothalami of castrated rats treated with these steroids. The
      possibility exists that these steroids may also maintain GnRH secretion in vivo.

PMID- 372240
TI  - Platelet and blood vessel arachidonate metabolism and interactions.
AB  - Exogenous arachidonate addition to intact platelets, in the absence or the
      presence of blood vessel microsomes, results in the production of thromboxane
      B(2) (the stable degradation product of thromboxane A(2)) only. Prostaglandin
      (PG) endoperoxides are released from intact platelets only when thromboxane
      synthetase is inhibited. Thus, addition of exogenous arachidonate to imidazole
      pretreated platelets in the presence of bovine aorta microsomes (source of
      prostacyclin synthetase) results predominantly in the synthesis of 6-keto
      PGF(1alpha) (the stable degradation product of prostacyclin). Strips of intact
      aorta were removed from aspirin-treated rabbits, thus the isolated blood vessels
      were unable to convert endogenous or exogenous arachidonate to prostacyclin.
      Human platelets, with [(14)C]arachidonate-labeled phospholipids, adhered to the
      blood vessel segments and released some thromboxane B(2). The subsequent addition
      of thrombin facilitated the release of endogenous arachidonate and thromboxane,
      but no labeled 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) was detectable. There is therefore no direct
      chemical evidence of PG-endoperoxide release from human platelets during either
      aggregation or adhesion, which therefore precludes the possibility that blood
      vessels use platelet PG-endoperoxide for prostacyclin synthesis. Imidazole
      inhibited the thromboxane synthetase in the labeled platelets, and thereafter
      thrombin stimulation resulted in the release of platelet-derived, labeled PG
      endoperoxides that were converted to labeled prostacyclin by the vascular
      prostacyclin synthetase. The latter result suggests a potential antithrombotic
      therapeutic benefit might be achieved using an effective thromboxane synthetase
      inhibitor.

PMID- 372241
TI  - Discrepancies between the doses of cholecystokinin or caerulein-stimulating
      exocrine and endocrine responses in perfused isolated rat pancreas.
AB  - The effects of highly purified natural porcine cholecystokinin (CCK) and
      synthetic caerulein on the rate of flow of pancreatic juice, the rate of output
      of amylase, and the rate of release of immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and
      immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) were simultaneously investigated in the isolated
      perfused rat pancreas. The maximal flow rate of pancreatic juice was obtained
      with concentrations of CCK ranging from 0.5 to 10 mU/ml, whereas amylase output
      was maximal at CCK concentrations from 1 to 10 mU/ml. Caerulein at concentrations
      of 0.05-1 ng/ml induced a similar maximal flow rate and amylase secretion.
      Supramaximal stimulatory concentrations of these peptides resulted in lower rates
      of release of fluid and amylase than with the maximally effective concentrations.
      Stimulation of IRI and IRG release was elicited only with concentrations of
      peptides supramaximal for effects on the exocrine responses. The demonstration of
      very similar discrepancies between the doses of caerulein required to elicit
      maximal exocrine responses and those required to elicit endocrine responses
      provide strong evidence that the pattern of the effect of the porcine CCK is
      accounted for by CCK itself. Although caerulein had no influence on IRI response
      when superimposed on 100 or 150 mg/100 ml glucose stimulation, preperfusion of
      caerulein led to a significant enhancement of IRI response to a subsequent
      glucose stimulation in both phases. The augmentation effect was completely
      separate from the direct IRI-stimulating effect of caerulein, because the CCK
      like peptide requires no glucose for insulinotropic action. Because the
      concentrations of the peptides necessary for stimulation of endocrine responses
      were inhibitory in their effects on exocrine responses, it may be inferred that
      it is unlikely that the endocrine effect is physiologically important, though the
      results of caerulein for augmenting glucose-stimulated IRI release suggests a
      possible role for CCK in carbohydrate metabolism.

PMID- 372242
TI  - Recovery of endothelial cell prostacyclin production after inhibition by low
      doses of aspirin.
AB  - Endothelial cells synthesize prostacyclin (PGI(2)), an unstable prostaglandin
      that inhibits platelet aggregation and serotonin release. Because cyclooxygenase,
      which is necessary for synthesis of PGI(2), is inactivated by aspirin, we
      examined the effect of aspirin on PGI(2) production by cultured human endothelial
      cells. Endothelial cells synthesize PGI(2) (20.1+/-7.2 ng/10(6) cells, mean+/-SD)
      when stimulated with 20 muM sodium arachidonate for 2 min. PGI(2) production is
      inhibited by low-dose aspirin (5 muM); the t((1/2)) of inactivation is 6.0+/-1.3
      min (mean+/-SEM, n = 3). Thus, endothelial cell cyclooxygenase is as sensitive to
      aspirin as the enzyme in platelets. After 1 h incubation with aspirin,
      endothelial cell PGI(2) production was inhibited 50% by 2.1+/-0.4 muM aspirin and
      was inhibited 90% by 6.2+/-0.9 muM aspirin (mean+/-SEM, n = 4). When endothelial
      cells were incubated with 100 muM aspirin, washed, and recultured, their ability
      to synthesize PGI(2) returned to control levels in 35.6+/-1.0 h (mean+/-SEM, n =
      4). Recovery of endothelial PGI(2) production after aspirin depended on de novo
      protein synthesis because treatment with cycloheximide (3 mug/ml) inhibited
      recovery by 92%.These results indicate that although endothelial cell
      cyclooxygenase in vitro is inhibited by low concentrations of aspirin,
      endothelial cells rapidly resynthesize their cyclooxygenase after the aspirin is
      removed. This rapid resynthesis of cyclooxygenase lessens the likelihood that
      aspirin used in clinical doses promotes thrombosis.

PMID- 372243
TI  - Identification and quantitation of platelet-associated fibronectin antigen.
AB  - Platelet-associated fibronectin antigen has been identified by radioimmunoassay
      and immunofluorescent techniques. In radioimmunoassay, platelet fibronectin was
      immunochemically indistinguishable from plasma fibronectin. Platelet and plasma
      fibronectin were bound and eluted from gelatin-sepharose under similar
      conditions. The level of platelet fibronectin in detergent extracts of washed
      platelets from 12 healthy adults was 2.85 +/- 1.24 microgram/10(9) platelets.
      Immunofluorescence with F(ab')2 fragments of immunochemically purified
      antifibronectin showed that all platelets stained with a discrete punctate
      pattern. The identification of platelet fibronectin antigen raises the
      possibility that this protein may participate in platelet-platelet or platelet
      surface interactions.

PMID- 372244
TI  - Immunoglobulin and complement in normal skin.
AB  - Cryostat sections of normal skin from 57 white adults were examined by direct and
      indirect immunofluorescence for immunoglobulins, complement factors, and
      transferrin. The results for basement membrane zone (BMX) were significantly
      different for the 11 face and 46 non-face biopsies: in the face, IgM was found in
      five, IgG in two, IgA in one, and C3 in none, whereas, in non-face, IgM was
      present in six, IgG in none, IgA in one, and C3 in five. The results for dermal
      vessel walls (DV) were not apparently different for face and non-face; in the 57
      biopsies IgM was present in one, IgG in none, IgA in one, and C3 in one. The 11
      biopsies from the face and 26 of the non-face biopsies were examined further. No
      IgD or C4 was identified, but one case (scalp) showed BMZ Clq, properdin, and
      transferrin, and in two cases (one face, one non-face) DV properdin was found.
      Cytoid bodies (IgM and IgA) were present in moderate numbers in one case; all
      other positive reactions were finely granular.

PMID- 372245
TI  - Platelet aggregation in chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
AB  - A method for washing platelets by albumin density gradient separation has been
      modified to prepare platelet rich plasma of thrombocytopenic patients for
      platelet aggregation studies. The concentration procedure, consisting of
      centrifuging platelets into a specific gravity gradient between plasma and 40-45%
      aqueous solution of bovine albumin, does not affect platelet aggregation
      adversely. Platelet aggregation in eight patients with chronic idiopathic
      thrombocytopenic purpura was determined by this method. On the basis of the
      results the patients could clearly be divided into two groups: four patients with
      normal aggregation and four with a qualitative platelet defect. In contrast to
      the other patients, the group with an in vitro platelet functional defect all had
      more prolonged bleeding times and the presence of a serum antiplatelet antibody.

PMID- 372247
TI  - Small quartz halogen lamps for immunofluorescence microscopy.

PMID- 372246
TI  - Marrow graft rejection and inhibition of growth in culture by serum in aplastic
      anaemia.
AB  - The sera of 28 patients with aplastic anaemia were examined for their effect on
      granulocyte colony growth in soft agar. Normal sera did not affect colony growth,
      but 13 sera from patients with aplastic anaemia, three from multiparous women,
      and six from patients polytransfused for various disorders caused colony
      inhibition. This inhibition was not due to the presence of HLA antibodies in
      aplasia patients because some sera inhibited HLA compatible bone marrow, and
      polyspecific HLA antibodies were not found in all inhibitory sera. All patients
      who failed to show engraftment or who rejected their bone marrow graft within
      three weeks had serum inhibitory to normal bone marrow cell culture, but
      inhibition could not be demonstrated against autologous bone marrow cells in
      these patients with aplastic anaemia. The results show that patients with serum
      inhibitors have an increased risk of early graft rejection and suggest that this
      rejection is mediated by antibodies directed against bone marrow stem cells.

PMID- 372248
TI  - A new antigen on the epithelial membrane: its immunoperoxidase localisation in
      normal and neoplastic tissue.
AB  - Using antisera raised against defatted human cream we have demonstrated a new
      antigen on the epithelial membrane. An indirect immunoperoxidase technique on
      routinely processed histological sections was used, and we describe results which
      show that this antigen has a widespread but highly selective distribution, being
      apparently localised to membranes that have a secretory function. The antigen is
      carried by a variety of adenocarcinomas, suggesting that its localisation may
      have a role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of malignant disease.

PMID- 372249
TI  - A formalin fixative for immunochemical and ultrastructural studies on
      gastrointestinal endocrine cells.
AB  - Using indirect immunofluorescence, indirect immunoperoxidase, and unlabelled
      antibody enzyme techniques, gastrin, pancreatic glucagon, insulin, and
      somatostatin were localised in sections of both wax- and resin-embedded tissues
      that had been fixed in a buffered formalin solution. Ultrastructural preservation
      of the resin-embedded samples was also adequate for combined electron microscopy
      and light microscope immunochemistry. As the fixative concerned is stable it can
      be permanently available in surgical units. It is suggested, therefore, that this
      fixative should prove useful as an alternative to buffered formaldehyde, which
      must be freshly prepared from paraformaldehyde powder, in institutions where
      specimen collection is difficult or which have to refer cases with an endocrine
      involvement to other laboratories for immunochemical and fine structural
      examination.

PMID- 372250
TI  - Infection of total hip prostheses by Peptococcus magnus: an immunofluorescence
      and ELISA study of two cases.
AB  - In two cases of infected total hip replacements, Peptococcus magnus was isolated
      in pure culture from the implant when it was removed. Fluorescent antibody and
      ELISA studies have shown that both patients developed an antibody response to
      this anaerobic coccus soon after the replacement operation. These results suggest
      that the organism is a true infective agent, which was probably responsible for
      the failure of the arthroplasty operation.

PMID- 372251
TI  - Identification of Gram-negative non-fermenters and oxidase-positive fermenters by
      the Oxi/Ferm tube.
AB  - Since the recent introduction of the Roche Oxi/Ferm Tube to the UK two
      identification schemes have been developed by the manufacturer for use with the
      kit. We evaluated the success of these two schemes in identifying 222
      predominantly culture collection strains belonging to 45 taxa of non-fermenters
      and nine taxa of oxidase-positive fermenters. The strains were chosen to
      represent all the taxa included in the two identification schemes developed by
      the manufacturer and we have therefore been able to assess the overall success of
      identification by the two schemes. Since, however, our choice of strains does not
      reflect their incidence in clinical material, our identification rates are not
      necessarily those that might be obtained in a routine clinical laboratory. The
      most advanced identification scheme so far developed for the Oxi/Ferm Tube (CCIS
      System 1977-1432) allowed 62% of the 222 strains to be correctly identified
      although a disturbing feature was that more of the strains that were not
      correctly identified were incorrectly identified (24%) rather than not identified
      (14%); these figures represent an improvement over the earlier identification
      scheme (CCIS System 1976-621-74346) for which the corresponding figures were 56%,
      32%, and 12%. CCIS System 1977-1432 seems likely to give a better performance in
      a routine clinical laboratory than in this study since for those taxa which, we
      would judge from the material sent to us for identification, are most commonly
      seen in a routine laboratory (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, A. lwoffii,
      Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, P. maltophilia, P. pseudoalcaligenes, and
      P. putida) 89% were correctly identified, none remained unidentified, and 11%
      were incorrectly identified. Thirty strains, each of a different taxon, were
      tested in triplicate to assess the reproducibility of reactions in the Oxi/Ferm
      Tube.

PMID- 372252
TI  - Gastric function and histology in chronic renal failure.
AB  - Gastric function and histology were investigated in 24 patients with untreated
      chronic renal failure. At endoscopy nine patients had oesophagitis, 12 patients
      were considered to have gastritis, and the duodenum appeared inflamed in 20
      patients. Endoscopic biopsies were taken at standard sites in the stomach and
      duodenum; gastritis was found in all patients, and 17 patients had duodenitis.
      Stimulated acid secretion was impaired in seven out of 20 patients and acid
      hypersecretion was found in a further two patients. Pepsin output correlated well
      with acid output in these patients. Fasting serum gastrin levels were elevated in
      12 of the 19 patients tested. Patients with atrophic gastritis had low acid
      outputs and hypergastrinaemia, and when extensive gastritis was present, the
      patients tended to have more severe renal failure and hyposecretion of acid.
      Three patients were studied again after regular haemodialysis or renal
      transplantation and were found to show marked endoscopic and histological
      improvement.

PMID- 372253
TI  - Toxocariasis: serological diagnosis by enzyme immunoassay.
AB  - An enzyme-immunoassay was developed to measure the concentration of serum
      antibody specific for the secretory antigens released by migrating toxocaral
      larvae. This technique was evaluated by testing sera from healthy UK adults, and
      from patients with and without toxocariasis. In 922 healthy adults, 2.6% were
      found to have elevated specific antibody levels. Elevated values were observed
      twice as frequently in males as in females but showed no significant regression
      with age between 20 and 65 years. Of 62 patients with non-toxocaral helminthic
      infections, all had antitoxocaral antibody levels within the range of values
      observed in healthy controls and had a mean level which was not significantly
      elevated. All of 13 patients with clinical toxocariasis had enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody levels above the 100th percentiles of both
      the healthy population and the helminth-infected group and had a significantly
      high mean value (p less than 0.001) more than 12 times that of the healthy or
      infected controls. The high degree of sensitivity and specificity of the
      toxocariasis enzyme-immunoassay indicates that this new test should be useful in
      reference immunodiagnostic applications and in large-scale seroepidemiological
      surveys.

PMID- 372254
TI  - A low-speed centrifugation technique for the preparation of grids for direct
      virus examination by electron microscopy.

PMID- 372255
TI  - Gingival bleeding in an experimental clinical trial design.
AB  - An experimental clinical trial design is described in which the onset of gingival
      bleeding was used as an indicator of early gingivitis. Twenty-nine dental
      students participated in a double-blind crossover trial utilising chlorhexidine
      as a known plaque inhibitor. The onset of gingival bleeding was assessed in three
      ways, one of which yielded a statistically significant difference in favour of
      the active mouthrinse (P = 0.02). The method has a role in screening agents
      believed to be active against gingivitis.

PMID- 372256
TI  - Periodontal dressing materials.
AB  - A detailed review of periodontal dressings is presented, covering physical,
      chemical and biological aspects. Areas requiring further research are outlined,
      particularly in the physico-chemical sphere; and some contra-indications to
      particular substances are described. It is concluded that there is a definite
      place for dressings, but that more knowledge is required before optimal
      properties can be developed.

PMID- 372257
TI  - Vascular morphology in noninflamed healed gingiva of dogs.
AB  - The objective of this study was to determine if the regular vascular network
      previously reported as occurring in noninflamed marginal gingiva would become re
      established following plaque control and treatment of gingiva by gingivectomy and
      scaling. Gingivectomies were performed on dogs with and without pre-experimental
      gingivitis in order to obtain gingival specimens healed for 4, 8 and 12 weeks.
      Plaque was controlled using toothbrushing and topical applications of 0.2%
      chlorhexidine gluconate. After 12 weeks, the animals were perfused via the
      carotid arteries with glutaraldehyde and Microfil latex compound. Specimens were
      processed for either routine histology or examination of vascular morphology in
      methyl salicylate cleared tissues. The absence of inflammation in healed gingiva
      was evaluated clinically, using the Gingival and Plaque Indices, and
      histologically. Results showed that in healed clinically and histologically
      noninflamed gingiva, the vascular morphology was established as a series of
      looped vessels which could readily be distinguished from the regular network of
      vessels described by Hock (1975) in marginal gingiva that had neither been
      inflamed nor resected.

PMID- 372259
TI  - Comparative efficacy of behavioral training, training plus relaxation, and a
      sleep/trance hypnotic induction in increasing hypnotic susceptibility.

PMID- 372258
TI  - A study of the synaptogenesis in the cerebellar cortex through chronic treatment
      and immunocytochemistry of beta-bungarotoxin.
AB  - The mechanism of synaptogenesis between dendritic spines of Purkinje cells and
      parallel fibers in the chicken cerebellum was studied through chronic treatment
      and immunocytochemistry of beta-Bungarotoxin (beta-BT). Attention was directed to
      the question of whether the presynaptic specializations (presynaptic vesicular
      grids composed of presynaptic dense projections and associated vesicles) of the
      parallel fibers can differentiate in the absence of the Purkinje cells. Normal
      cerebella from 18-day and 21-day chick embryos, incubated with beta-BT and
      reacted with HRP-labeled anti beta-BT guinea pig IgG, showed a positive HRP
      reaction on Purkinje cells but not on external and internal granule cells. Thus,
      in chicken cerebellum, beta-BT primarily affects Purkinje cells. When beta-BT was
      applied to chick embryos at 3-day intervals, beginning on the 4th day of
      incubation, the cerebella were markedly reduced in size and most of the Purkinje
      cells as well as the nerve fibers in the white matter disappeared between the
      18th and the 21st day of incubation. Folia of the 21st day experimental cerebella
      were irregular in shape and the area of the midsagittal section was one fourth
      that of the controls. In the 21st day cerebella treated with beta-BT, the
      majority of Purkinje cells disappear. However, the external granule cells remain
      intact and showed the usual mitotic activity. The majority of the inner granule
      cells were normal. Some of the parallel fibers, which display presynaptic
      vesicular grids, established synaptic contact with stellate cells and the
      dendritic spines of the few Purkinje cells that survived the treatment. However,
      vast areas of the molecular layer contained neither dendrites of Purkinje cells,
      nor parallel fibers displaying presynaptic vesicular grids devoid of their
      postsynaptic counterpart. In such areas, the molecular layer consisted of
      parallel fibers of uniform diameter, some of which contained accumulations of
      vesicles, but displaying no presynaptic dense projections. This suggests that
      parallel fibers may not be able to completely develop the presynaptic vesicular
      grids in the absence of their target cells.

PMID- 372260
TI  - A survey of the teaching of partial denture construction in dental schools in the
      United Kingdom.

PMID- 372261
TI  - The influence on the gingival tissues of prostheses incorporating gingival relief
      areas.

PMID- 372262
TI  - Replication techniques for the scanning electron microscope. 2. Clinical and
      laboratory procedures: interpretation.

PMID- 372263
TI  - The use of crowns to modify abutment teeth of removable partial dentures. 1.
      Introduction and partial denture design.

PMID- 372264
TI  - The direct use of composite materials in the restoration of fractured incisors.

PMID- 372265
TI  - Thomas Joseph Hill 1886--1978.

PMID- 372266
TI  - Psychological stress reduction during dental procedures.
AB  - Behavioral methods of patient stress reduction during amalgam restorations were
      evaluated. Eighty adult patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups of
      20 each: a control group, a relaxation group, a perceived control group, and an
      active distraction group. Both relaxation and distraction were found to be
      effective in reducing patient discomfort.

PMID- 372267
TI  - Non-pressure adhesion of a new adhesive restorative resin.
AB  - Non-pressure adhesion of a new adhesive restorative resin was investigated
      employing a new tensile test. The material was adhesive to both enamel and dentin
      as well as to carious dentin and showed strong adhesion to all substrates tested.
      Etching further increased the adhesion even to dentin.

PMID- 372268
TI  - Effects of adhesion promoters on resin-enamel retention.
AB  - The adhesive effects of three adhesion promoters were compared utilizing three
      different filled resins on acid-etched human permanent teeth. The results
      demonstrated a significantly greater resistance to dislodgement of resins by
      shear forces when an NPG-GMA type of adhesion promoter was utilized. Type of
      resin did not influence resin retention.

PMID- 372270
TI  - A rememberance of Dr. Shailer Peterson.

PMID- 372269
TI  - The role of diffusible ionic species in the bonding of polycarboxylate cements to
      dentine: an in vitro study.
AB  - Treatment of freshly-cut dentine with fluoride ions or high concentrations of
      metal ions produced changes ranging from mineralization of tubule contents to
      precipitation of adherent surface layers. Combinations of these treatments with
      application of fluoridated and non-fluoridated polycarboxylate cements and glass
      ionomer cements produced both increases and reductions in bond strength which are
      explained by ionic diffusion at the interface prior to setting.

PMID- 372271
TI  - The CASE system for cancer education.
AB  - A Computer-Assisted-Self-Evaluation (CASE) program in oncology is described. The
      program is based on motivation by immediate, informative feedback, and involves
      the computer-guided interaction of a student with a series of microfiche cards.
      The computer leads the student through a series of 16 questions and associated
      explanations and recommendations based on the answer choices. Since all textual
      materials are placed on microfiche cards, the computer is only required to print
      simple, prearranged sentences and comments. As a result four students, using
      different CASE topics, can time-share the same computer terminal. This time
      sharing capability, together with the large but compact, low cost information
      storage afforded by the use of microfiche, makes the cost of this system
      comparable to that of conventional study aids. The use of the CASE system as an
      educational aid and self-tutoring mechanism has been well accepted by faculty and
      students.

PMID- 372272
TI  - Programmed instruction in general pathology: evaluation of performance in
      comparison to conventional instruction and scholastic achievement.
AB  - Previous studies relating the efficacy of various teaching methods to student
      achievement levels have yielded conflicting results. This study compares
      programmed instruction in pathology with conventional instruction for students
      exhibiting different levels of academic achievement, as measured by undergraduate
      GPA. The results of this study reveal that no significant difference in
      examination performance exists regardless of the teaching method employed when
      achievement level is considered.

PMID- 372273
TI  - Medicine and literature: Sherlock Holmes and the art of dermatologic diagnosis.

PMID- 372274
TI  - The histologic grossing and reading of wedge-shaped specimens from malignancies
      taken from the oral lips.
AB  - A simple method of grossing, sectioning, and reading operative specimens obtained
      by wedge resections of carcinomas from lower lips is described.

PMID- 372275
TI  - Stamps commemorating medicine: "Private Dye Proprietary Stamps".

PMID- 372276
TI  - Immunologic functions of Langerhans cells.

PMID- 372277
TI  - Proliferating trichilemmal cyst on the back.

PMID- 372278
TI  - Ultrastructure of so-called multicentric pigmented Bowen's disease.

PMID- 372279
TI  - Incidence of allergic reactions to coal tar dyes in patients with cosmetic
      dermatitis.

PMID- 372280
TI  - [Effect of beta-indolylacetic acid on RNA and protein biosynthesis in Escherichia
      coli].

PMID- 372281
TI  - Bioethics and informed consent in American health care delivery.
AB  - Bioethics is a multi-dimensional discipline. The traditional aspect being medical
      ethics, a branch of Western philosophy which, since the time of Hippocrates, has
      sought to formulate rules of proper conduct for physicians. Ethics and informed
      consent are interrelated issues. Consent is the central issue on which hangs most
      of the ethical problems in human experimentation. The informed consent of the
      human patient is the ultimate protection from the hazards of research and therapy
      in medicine, the basic premise of this being that every human being has the right
      to determine what shall be done to his own body. The patient must have full
      prognosis, complications, sequelae, discomforts, costs, inconveniences, risks and
      expectations. Medically and ethically what should the patient be told? There
      appears to be no obvious format, but the patient should be told enough to allow
      him to make a rational decision. This paper contains an analysis of the reactions
      of just a few American nurses to this dilemma. The nurse who attempts to use only
      her scientific training to determine ethical conduct is in a quandary because
      seldon is there empirical evidence available to support her decision, no matter
      what it is.

PMID- 372283
TI  - Cementation failures.

PMID- 372282
TI  - The problems and the values of objective nursing observations in psychiatric
      nursing care.
AB  - This paper describes a drug trial which illustrates the problems involved in
      objective nursing recordings to assess response to a specific treatment. It also
      highlights some difficulties in recording results. The paper briefly describes
      the history and diagnosis of a patient and the choice of treatment. The method of
      formulation of a checklist and the difficulties in completing a study are
      discussed. The results of the study and their value in planning future work are
      outlined. Conclusions are drawn about the feasibility of carrying out a
      controlled drug trial with a patient on a ward but the most important aspects are
      the ability of nurses to perform objective assessments and the value of this
      approach when assessing a patient and his response to treatment.

PMID- 372284
TI  - The Presidents. William H. Allen 1863-1864.

PMID- 372285
TI  - Dental practice and the psychology of vocational choice.

PMID- 372286
TI  - Clinical success and potential failure after single application of a pit and
      fissure sealant: a four-year report.
AB  - A single application of a filled chemically initiated BIS-GMA sealant to
      permanent first molars of children ranging in age from 5 to 8 years covered the
      original sites in 52.4% of the 185 teeth examined after four years. Retention of
      sealant is greater in mandibular (64.7%) than in maxillary (42.0%) molars. The
      rate of loss of sealant was greatest during the first year (20%), then less than
      10% per year at the second, third, and fourth recalls. In comparison with two
      similar studies, the retention of sealant was 20% to 30% greater. Using the
      parameters of percent effectiveness, net gain, and DMF scores per 100 test and
      control teeth, the data from the current study indicate a continued positive
      effect substantially greater than that in other similar studies. Complete loss of
      sealant does not appear to predispose that surface to caries any more than its
      contralateral paired surface. However, a partial loss of sealant because of
      abrasive wear that results in the exposure of the terminal ends of a fissure is a
      potential failure in that it creates an environment conducive to caries. Thus,
      even the well-applied sealant does not necessarily constitute permanent
      obturation of pits and fissures. Periodic clinical observation is necessary to
      determine the success or potential failure of the sealant treatment.

PMID- 372287
TI  - Soft tissue emphysema.
AB  - Many cases of soft tissue emphysema have been reported; it is recognized as a
      common surgical and dental complication. This report adds to the number of
      recorded cases and emphasizes the potential for emphysema with the use of high
      pressure dental instruments. It also shows that the point of entry of air may be
      overlooked and will therefore delay diagnosis. Proper diagnosis and recognition
      of the potential for widespread secondary infection dictate the management of
      emphysema. If any doubt should exist, consultation should be obtained without
      hesitation.

PMID- 372288
TI  - Glossary of dental prepayment terms. Council on Dental Care Programs.

PMID- 372289
TI  - Assessing the Waxman victory: the most challenging times still lie ahead.

PMID- 372290
TI  - Dose-response characteristics of nebulized isoproterenol in asthmatic children.

PMID- 372291
TI  - Electroencephalographic and clinical changes as correlated in geriatric patients
      treated three months with an ergot alkaloid preparation.
AB  - The results of a 3-month trial with an ergot alkaloid preparation (Hydergine) in
      16 geriatric patients showed that, in accordance with a previously proposed
      working hypothesis, the improvement induced by the drug in
      electroencephalographic age-related changes was accompanied by clinical
      improvement in patients with similarly age-related mental deterioration.

PMID- 372292
TI  - Efficacy of nylidrin hydrochloride in the treatment of cognitive impairment in
      the elderly.
AB  - A double-blind study was conducted on the effects of nylidrin hydrochloride
      versus placebo in 60 patients with mild to moderate symptoms of chronic brain
      syndrome. Their ages ranged from 65 to 99 years. Preliminary results indicated
      that nylidrin HCl (a vasodilator) is a relatively safe therapeutic agent and more
      effective than placebo in ameliorating the symptoms of cognitive impairment
      associated with aging, on both a short term (3-month) and a long-term (9-month)
      basis. In a dosage of 24 mg daily, it reached its peak effectiveness after 3
      months of use.

PMID- 372293
TI  - Design of instructional illustrations in medicine.

PMID- 372294
TI  - The Urban and Schwarzenberg anatomical illustrations.

PMID- 372295
TI  - Jan van Rymsdyk's illustrations of the gravid uterus drawn for Hunter, Smellie,
      Jenty and Denman.

PMID- 372296
TI  - Neuron-thymic lymphocyte binding by serum IgG of 90- and 500-day-old female
      Wistar albino rats.
AB  - In vivo and in vitro IgG binding to neurons was determined by the direct and
      indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques in 90- and 500-day
      old female Wistar rats. The sera were also tested against other organs of 90- and
      300-day-old rats, and an absorption technique was carried out with minced thymus.
      Only 1 90-day-old rat showed positive in vivo neuron binding. One serum of a
      young (6.7%) and 17 sera of old (42.5%) rats were positive by the in vitro
      procedures. The 1 young and 4 of the old positive sera cross-reacted with
      thymocytes, and when 3 of these were subjected to absorption, neuron igG binding
      capacity was removed. Significant cross-reactivity with other organs could not be
      demonstrated. These observations indicate that in these rats there are at least
      two kinds of serum neuron binding IgG which significantly increase with age; one
      of these cross-reacts with thymus and the other does not.

PMID- 372297
TI  - Age-related changes in aortic intima of rats.
AB  - The aortic intima of young and old Wistar rats was studied by light and electron
      microscopy. The endothelial cells of young rats are flat and regular and lie
      adjacent to the internal elastic lamina (IEL). Endothelial cells of old rats have
      irregular shapes and sizes and bulge into the lumen. Long protrusions connect
      these cells to the IEL through a layer of granular and fibrillar material that
      separates the IEL from the endothelium. This material is PAS and Alcian blue
      positive and increases with age. There are twice as many pinocytic vesicles on
      the luminal front of endothelial cells of old rats as compared to the tissue
      front. Endothelial cells of young rats have similar numbers of vesicles on the
      two fronts. No significant difference was found between the charge density of the
      luninal plasmalemma of young and old rats; however, significantly less sialyl
      groups were found on endothelial cells of old rats. A marked difference in the
      labeling pattern of the IEL by cationized ferritin (CF) was observed between
      young and old rats.

PMID- 372298
TI  - Current publications in gerontology and geriatrics.

PMID- 372299
TI  - [Central nervous system toxicity of local anesthetics (author's transl)].

PMID- 372300
TI  - [Electromyographic observations in overdenture patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 372441
TI  - The Brown Animal Sanatory Institution.

PMID- 372440
TI  - The development and assessment of a bacteriocin typing method for Klebsiella.
AB  - Klebsiellas are generally typed by the method of capsular serotyping but,
      although this is a reliable method, it is time consuming, requires the production
      of a large number of antisera and is not generally available. For this reason
      another method for typing klebsiellas was sought. A bacteriocin typing method
      involving mitomycin C induction was developed and the cultural conditions giving
      optimum klebecin production and the best methods of testing the sensitivity of
      the organisms to klebecins were determined. Of 190 klebsiella strains screened
      for bacteriocinogeny, only 68 (35.8%) produced klebecin and after calculation of
      similarity values by computer analysis, a typing set of 15 producers was
      selected. This typing set allowed over 96% of klebsiella strains to be typed and
      tests of the reproducibility of the method and the variability of typing patterns
      in natural populations of klebsiella indicated that results of acceptable
      accuracy could be obtained, while retaining good discrimination if two or more
      differences were required between patterns before they were regarded as distinct.
      A complete set of capsular antisera were prepared, enabling the results obtained
      from klebecin typing to be compared with those from serotyping. There was
      generally close agreement between the results from the two typing methods and
      greater discrimination was obtained between similar strains when the two methods
      were combined. Klebecin typing and serotyping revealed relationships between
      strains from five outbreaks of infection, and strains of the same serotype from
      different hospitals could frequently be distinguished by their klebecin typing
      patterns.

PMID- 372442
TI  - Complex surveillance of Streptococcus pyogenes. IV. The phenomenon of
      interference of human serum under the conditions of the bactericidal test.
AB  - The phenomenon of interference of human sera under the conditions of the
      bactericidal test was described. In the presence of these sera, secondarily non
      resistant strains of Streptococcus pyogenes were capable of vigorous growth and
      anti M 12 bactericidal activity was impaired. The factor was found in the albumin
      fraction and has probably the character of a blocking cytophilic lymphokin. It
      can markedly distort the interpretation of the bactericidal test.

PMID- 372443
TI  - Enterotoxigenic E. coli in humans.
AB  - E. coli strains isolated from persons having diarrhoeal disease were tested for
      the production of TS enterotoxin. The production of TSE was demonstrated in 2.5%
      in a series of 80 strains isolated from children under one year of age, having
      acute diarrhoea. TSE was produced by 8.4% of E. coli strains out of 59 strains
      isolated from patients over one year of age. Among these strains, an interesting
      E. coli strain was isolated from the patient T. J., which produced TSE for more
      than 15 months. The production of TLE was tested though not proved in all strains
      by experiment on an isolated intestinal loop of an adult rabbit. The test on
      suckling mice so far appears to be the most suitable test for the demonstration
      of TSE. The results were considered positive when the index (the ratio of the
      weight of the whole intestine to the weight of the rest of the body) was higher
      than 0.08 while indices up to 0.078 were considered negative. E. coli strains
      with indices of intermediate values and strains with temporary production of TSE,
      occurring particularly in very small children, deserve special attention. The
      height of the indices was not influenced by a 30-minute exposure at 60 degrees C,
      but a decrease in the values of the indices was observed after boiling for a
      period of 15 min. The occurrence of E. coli strains producing TSE is evidently
      small in humans in European countries but, without doubt, they are important in
      the aetiology of diarrhoeal diseases.

PMID- 372444
TI  - A comparison of labelled antibody methods for the detection of virus antigens in
      cell monolayers.
AB  - A number of labelled antibody methods have been applied to the detection of
      Semliki Forest virus antigens after replication of the virus in monolayers of
      host cells in multi-wellpolystyrene plates. The importance of several reaction
      variables has been investigated and the sensitivity of the methods compared for
      different periods of virus replication. Direct assays with radio-labelled
      antibody (RLA) and indirect assays using peroxidase-antiperoxidase complexes
      (PAP) were equally sensitive. Direct and indirect assays using enzyme-linked
      antibodies (ELA) were slightly less sensitive than direct RLA and PAP methods but
      were more sensitive than the indirect RLA or fluorescent antibody (FLA) methods.
      Direct assays using ELA were more rapid and easier to perform than the other
      assay methods.

PMID- 372445
TI  - A modified method for chemotaxis under agarose.

PMID- 372446
TI  - Detection of antibody-forming cells and humoral antibody to horseradish
      peroxidase.
AB  - Two new simple methods for detecting antibody-forming cells by hemolytic plaque
      assay and hemagglutinating antibody to horseradish peroxidase have been developed
      in mice. Both techniques utilize as target, sheep erythrocytes coupled directly
      with horseradish peroxidase. These assays are sensitive, antigen-specific and are
      useful to quantitate both direct and indirect antibody-forming cells and humoral
      antibodies.

PMID- 372447
TI  - The effects of organic solvents and temperature on the desorption of yeast 3
      phosphoglycerate kinase from immunoadsorbent.
AB  - Physicochemical parameters governing the elution of yeast 3-phosphoglycerate
      kinase from its immunoadsorbent were studied. Non-denaturing elution conditions
      were determined (alkali medium containing 50%, v/v, ethylene glycol) and the
      method was applied to one-step isolation of enzyme from a crude yeast
      preparation.

PMID- 372449
TI  - In memoriam: Dr. (Capt.) Satish Chandra Sen, BSC., M.B., DMRE.

PMID- 372448
TI  - Tylophora indica in bronchial asthma (a controlled comparison with a standard
      anti-asthmatic drug).

PMID- 372450
TI  - Mercury vapor emitted during ultraspeed cutting of amalgam.

PMID- 372451
TI  - Dental amalgam revised.

PMID- 372452
TI  - Tissue management using aluminum sulfate.

PMID- 372453
TI  - [A study on clinical application of positive end-expiratory pressure during early
      stage after open heart surgery--especially, analysis on the pulmonary circulatory
      dynamics--(author's transl)].

PMID- 372454
TI  - [Osamu Hayaishi--his work and opinions].

PMID- 372455
TI  - [Peptide chain elongation in eukaryotic cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 372456
TI  - [Molecular biology of eukaryotic chromosomes (author's transl)].

PMID- 372458
TI  - [Maxillofacial prosthesis].

PMID- 372457
TI  - [Accidental swallowing of dental prostheses].

PMID- 372459
TI  - [Numerical diagnosis in orthodontics (author's transl)].

PMID- 372460
TI  - Chemical changes in human enamel demineralization by etching agent.

PMID- 372461
TI  - [An experimental study on epineural suture and funicular suture--regeneration of
      the axon (author's transl)].

PMID- 372462
TI  - [Bone transplantation for massive bone defects].

PMID- 372463
TI  - [Comparative histology of proboscidean molar enamel (author's transl)].

PMID- 372464
TI  - [Screening of inferior prosthesis by gingival color observation and visual color
      matching].

PMID- 372465
TI  - Renal transplantation. A decade of experience.

PMID- 372466
TI  - The metabolism of myo-inositol by the human kidney.

PMID- 372467
TI  - The leukocyte adherence-inhibition assay as a diagnostic test for multiple
      sclerosis: study of a substance found in MS blood.
AB  - We have modified and adapted two well-accepted cancer immunology research
      techniques to study blood leukocyte phenomena of MS patients. The LAI test of
      Halliday and Miller and the 3 molar potassium chloride (3M KCl) tumor antigen
      extraction technique of Dean and McCoy were adapted to extract from pooled MS
      whole blood an MSRM. The LAI test results of 53 of 58 MS patients (91%) were
      considered positive, but only three of 75 control subjects (4%) were positive
      when tested against the MSRM. This indicates that patients with MS had a greater
      specific reactivity to the MSRM than did the control subjects (healthy
      individuals and patients with disease other than MS). The specificity and
      reproducibility of this reaction were tested with materials prepared from various
      malignant diseases. Sensitized leukocytes showed consistently higher reactivity
      to antigen extracts prepared from corresponding types of tumors than to extracts
      prepared from tumors of other histological types. Our results indicate that (1)
      the LAI test is able to corroborate the neurological diagnosis of MS and (2)
      there is a blood constituent found only in the MS patient.

PMID- 372468
TI  - Extrarenal erythropoietin production.

PMID- 372469
TI  - David Edward Hughes and his audiometer.
AB  - A brief biography of David Edward Hughes is outlined. His Audiometer and its
      presentation are described. The response of clinicians to the device is
      discussed.

PMID- 372470
TI  - The postero-lateral cervical flap.

PMID- 372471
TI  - Blast injuries to the ear: an historical and literary review.

PMID- 372472
TI  - Computer assisted analysis of raw scores from the Porch index of communicative
      ability.

PMID- 372473
TI  - Adalbert J. Volck, D.D.S. sesquicentennial (1828-1912).

PMID- 372474
TI  - Directory of members of the american society of mammalogists.

PMID- 372475
TI  - A 19th century perspective on the health consequences of smoking.

PMID- 372476
TI  - Georgia eye bank restores sight.

PMID- 372477
TI  - Differential control of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone by
      luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in the ram.
AB  - Adult Soay rams with low concentrations of gonadotrophins in the circulation as a
      result of 12 weeks of exposure to long daylengths (16 h light : 8 h darkness)
      were given small doses (100 ng) of synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing
      hormone (LH-RH) into the jugular vein two, four or seven times/day for 10 days.
      Each injection of LH-RH induced a transitory increase in the concentration of LH
      and testosterone in the plasma, whereas the concentration of FSH showed little
      immediate change. After repeated treatment with pulses of LH-RH, the responses of
      LH and testosterone became slightly enhanced and the plasma concentration of FSH
      became permanently raised; these changes were most conspicuous in the animals
      receiving the most frequent injections. At the end of the study when the
      injections of LH-RH were stopped, the concentrations of LH and testosterone
      remained low but the concentrations of FSH continued to be maintained at a high
      level for at least 24 h.

PMID- 372478
TI  - Relative activity, plasma elimination and tissue degradation of synthetic
      luteinizing hormone releasing hormone and certain of its analogues.
AB  - The abilities of three nonapeptide analogues of synthetic luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LH-RH) to release luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle
      stimulating hormone (FSH) in anoestrous and cyclic ewes were examined, as were
      their elimination from the plasma in vivo and degradation by extracts of the
      hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, lung, kidney, liver and plasma in vitro.
      In all cases, comparisons were made with synthetic LH-RH. When injected i.v. into
      mature ewes as a single dose, the potencies of the analogues were graded and Des
      Gly-NH2(10) LH-RH ethylamide was found to be the least potent. It was not
      possible to demonstrate any significant increase in the potency of this analogue
      over LH-RH, although a trend was apparent with each parameter examined. [D
      Ser(But)6] Des Gly-NH2(10) LH-RH ethylamide had the greatest potency. There were
      no differences between the responses of anoestrous ewes and those of ewes treated
      on day 10 of the oestrous cycle. None of the analogues had a rate of elimination
      from the plasma different from that of LH-RH during either the first or the
      second components of the biphasic disappearance curve. The incubation of LH-RH
      with tissue extracts showed that extracts of the hypothalamus and anterior
      pituitary gland degraded LH-RH to a similar extent. Both the hypothalamic and
      anterior pituitary gland extracts degraded more LH-RH than did lung extract,
      which in turn destroyed more LH-RH than did extracts of kidney or liver tissue.
      The degradative abilities of kidney and liver extracts did not differ from each
      other. Plasma failed to degrade LH-RH or the analogues. Although LH-RH was
      rapidly destroyed by hypothalamic extract in vitro, of the analogues, only Des
      Gly-NH2(10) LH-RH ethylamide was degraded. The anterior pituitary gland and
      kidney extracts failed to degrade [D-Ser6] Des Gly-NH2(10) LH-RH ethylamide and
      [D-Ser(But)6] Des Gly-NH2(10) LH-RH ethylamide as rapidly as LH-RH. Extracts of
      liver and lung were incapable of catabolizing any of the analogues. There was an
      inverse correlation between the LH- and FSH-releasing potency of an analogue and
      its rate of degradation by anterior pituitary gland extract. The slower rates of
      catabolism of certain analogues of LH-RH by the anterior pituitary gland may
      explain their increased LH- and FSH-releasing potency.

PMID- 372479
TI  - Evidence to suggest that rat growth hormone is modified when secreted by the
      pituitary gland.
AB  - The relationships were examined between the concentrations of GH determined by
      bioassay (rat tibia test) and radioimmunoassay in homogenates of rat
      adenohypophysial tissue and in the incubation medium in which the tissue had been
      maintained. Adenohypophyses from young male rats were incubated in Medium 199
      with or without a putative synthetic GH-releasing factor (GRF) to achieve a
      dynamic state of GH secretion, but the GRF did not consistently stimulate the
      release of GH as measured by either bioassay or radioimmunoassay. Both assays
      gave closely similar values for the concentration of GH in homogenates of the
      adenohypophyses of undisturbed rats. When the two assays were used to measure the
      concentrations of GH in incubated pituitary tissue, the values showed no
      correlation, although the concentrations of GH in the incubation medium were
      again highly correlated. However, the bioassay : radioimmunoassay ratio for the
      secreted hormone [2.14 +/- 0.09 (S.E.M.)] was significantly higher than that for
      the intrapituitary form from the unincubated gland (0.93 +/- 0.06). By
      radioimmunoassay, secreted rat GH was found to be less stable than purified rat
      GH when the two forms were incubated in vitro with slices of various rat tissues.
      Similarly, the rate of clearance of secreted rat GH from the plasma of
      hypophysectomized rats, as determined by radioimmunoassay, was much faster than
      that of the purified GH. The biological activity of purified bovine GH was
      blocked by aprotinin, an inhibitor of proteolysis, but the drug had no inhibitory
      effect on the bioactivity of rat GH secreted into the incubation medium. Overall,
      these results indicate that secreted rat GH has properties intermediate between
      those of the intrapituitary form and the form found in the circulation.

PMID- 372480
TI  - Bioassay of inhibin-like activity using pituitary cells in vitro.
AB  - The secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the pituitary gland
      appears to be partially regulated by a protein hormone, inhibin, which is
      produced in the Sertoli cells of the testis and is also present in ovarian
      follicular fluid (FF). The aim of the present study was to develop a sensitive
      method for the detection and estimation of inhibin-like activity, using dispersed
      pituitary cells in culture. Pituitary cells from adult male rats were dispersed
      and precultured for 3 days. After renewal of the medium (2 ml), samples to be
      tested for inhibin-like activity were added and culture was continued for a
      further 3 days. A dose-dependent suppression of the concentration of FSH in the
      medium (lambda = 0.17--0.22) was observed after addition of FF (0.05--1
      microliter) or Sertoli cell culture medium (SCCM, 0.05--1 ml). Luteinizing
      hormone (LH) concentrations were not affected with these doses of FF, but SCCM
      and higher doses of FF caused a significant increase in the concentration of LH
      in the medium. During an additional 6 h of culture in the presence of luteinizing
      hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH), FF and SCCM suppressed the release of both FSH
      (lambda = 0.07--0.11) and LH in a dose-dependent way. Cellular content of FSH,
      but not of LH, was decreased after these treatments. These results could not be
      explained by damage to the pituitary cells, by degradation of FSH or LH-RH, or by
      effects of steroids. It is concluded that this pituitary cell culture system can
      be used as a sensitive method for the estimation of inhibin-like activity in FF
      and SCCM.

PMID- 372481
TI  - Form variation in Escherichia coli K1: determined by O-acetylation of the
      capsular polysaccharide.
AB  - The chemical basis for the alternating antigenic change called form variation
      noted for the Escherichia coli K1-capsular polysaccharide has been shown by 13C
      nuclear magnetic resonance to be a result of random O-acetylation of C7 and C9
      carbons of the alpha-2-8-linked sialic acid homopolymer. A serologic method
      (antiserum agar) was developed to identify and isolate the form variants. The O
      acetyl positive and O-acetyl negative K1 polysaccharides had unique biochemical
      and immunologic properties. The O-acetyl-positive variants resisted neuraminidase
      hydrolysis in contrast to the susceptibility of the O-acetyl negative variant to
      this enzyme. In addition, O-acetylation altered the antigenicity of the O-acetyl
      polysaccharides. When injected as whole organisms, O-acetyl positive organisms
      produced anti-K1 -antibodies in rabbits specific for this polysaccharide variant.
      O-acetyl negative organisms were comparatively less immunogenic; however,
      antibodies induced by these organisms reacted with both K1 polysaccharide
      variants. Burros, injected with either variant, produced antibodies reactive with
      both K1 polysaccharides.

PMID- 372482
TI  - Cellular requirements for lipopolysaccharide adjuvanticity. A role for both T
      lymphocytes and macrophages for in vitro responses to particulate antigens.
AB  - By employing primary cultures of purified spleen cells from lipopolysaccharide
      (LPS) responder (C3H/HeN or C57BL/10Sn) or nonresponder (C3H/HeJ or C57BL/10ScN)
      mice incubated with particulate antigen and LPS prepared by phenol-water
      extraction (Ph), we have presented evidence that both T cells and macrophages
      (MO) are required for LPS-induced adjuvanticity. First, MO derived from C3H/HeN
      spleen cells, when mixed with responder, C3H/HeN lymphocytes and Ph-LPS, elicited
      enhanced antibody responses to sheep erythrocytes (SRC) antigen, whereas
      lymphocytes from the nonresponder, C3H/HeJ mouse strain did not evoke this
      response. Similarly, purified T cells from C3H/HeN spleens, when cultured with
      responder, nu/nu spleen cells, and Ph-LPS yielded enhanced anti-TNP PFC
      responses; whereas, C3H/HeJ T cells did not potentiate immune responses when
      mixed with optimal concentrations of Ph-LPS. LPS prepared by butanol-water
      extraction elicited significant adjuvant effects with all cell combinations.
      Finally, purified responder T cells and MO enabled either responder or
      nonresponder B cells to elicit LPS potentiation. These data indicate that T cells
      and MO are controlling LPS-induced augmentation of B-cell responses.

PMID- 372483
TI  - Bactericidal activity of the alternative complement pathway generated from 11
      isolated plasma proteins.
AB  - Exposure of E. coli K12 W1485 to the cytolytic alternative pathway assembled from
      the 11 isolated pathway proteins resulted in killing of the bacteria, as
      evidenced by loss of viability. Lysis of the bacteria required introduction of
      lysozyme into the reaction mixture. The time-course and dose dependency of
      bacteriolysis in the isolated system were identical to those in C4-depleted
      serum. The bacteriolytic activity of the pathway was highly dependent on the
      concentration of the pathway proteins and became insignificant at 1:16
      physiological concentration. Electron microscopic visualization of killed and of
      lysed bacteria revealed numerous complement membrane lesions and partial
      disintegration of the outer phospholipid membrane. Scanning electron microscopy
      showed that killed bacteria were enlarged, partially collapsed and exhibited
      irregular surface protrusions. Lysed bacteria were fragmented and appeared
      polymorphic. This study demonstrates that the alternative pathway, in absence of
      immunoglobulins, has the potential or eradicating gram-negative bacteria.

PMID- 372484
TI  - Metabolic similarities between fertilization and phagocytosis. Conservation of a
      peroxidatic mechanism.
AB  - At the time of fertilization, sea urchin eggs release a peroxidase which,
      together with H2O2 generated by a respiratory burst, is responsible for hardening
      of the fertilization membrane. We demonstrate here that the ovoperoxidase of
      unfertilized eggs is located in cortical granules and, after fertilization, is
      concentrated in the fertilization membrane. Fertilization of sea urchin eggs or
      their parthenogenetic activation with the ionophor A23187 also results in (a) the
      conversion of iodide to a trichloroacetic acid-precipitable form (iodination),
      (b) the deiodination of eggs exogenously labeled with myeloperoxidase and H2O2,
      (c) the degradation of thyroxine as measured by the recovery of the released
      radioiodine at the origin and in the inorganic iodide spot on paper
      chromatography, and (d) the conversion of estradiol to an alcohol-precipitable
      form (estrogen binding). The iodination reaction and the binding of estradio
      occurs predominantly in the fertilization membrane where the ovoperoxidase is
      concentrated. From the estimation of the kinetics of incorporation of iodine, we
      determine that the peroxidative system is active for 30 min after fertilization,
      long after hardening of the fertilization membrane is complete. Most of the bound
      iodine is lost during the hatching process. Iodination of albumin is catalyzed by
      the material released from the egg during fertilization, when combined with H2O2
      and iodide. Iodination, thyroxine degradation, and estradiol binding are
      inhibited by azide, cyanide, aminotriazole, methimazole, ascorbic acid and
      ergothioneine, all of which can inhibit peroxidase-catalyzed reactions. These
      responses of the sea urchin egg to fertilization are strikingly similar to the
      changes induced in polymorphonuclear leukocytes by phagocytosis and, in both
      instances, a peroxidative mechanism may be involved.

PMID- 372485
TI  - Sexual dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Sexual dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitis has been reviewed. The
      prevalence of impotence among diabetic males ranges between 50 and 60 percent.
      Duration of diabetes does not correlate with the increasing incidence of
      impotence, but increasing age of the male is associated. The etiology of
      impotence is generally assumed to be autonomic neuropathy; the role of vascular
      pathology is moot. Retrograde ejaculation is present in one to two percent of the
      cases. Nocturnal penile tumescence monitoring during periods of rapid eye
      movement (REM) sleep will aid in the differential diagnosis of organic vs
      psychogenic etiology. Penile prostheses should be considered in the treatment of
      organic impotence, while sex counseling is indicated for psychogenic cases. The
      effect of diabetes on female sexual response is conflicting. Further research in
      needed.

PMID- 372486
TI  - Nutrition references for you and your patient.

PMID- 372487
TI  - Induced quantitative variation for penicillin titre in clonal populations of
      Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - The variation in penicillin titre within populations of cultures of Aspergillus
      nidulans derived from untreated conidia and from conidia treated with ethyl
      methanesulphonate (EMS), near-ultraviolet light in the presence of 8
      methoxypsoralen (8MOP) or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG), each at
      several dose levels, was determined. Both mutagentreated and untreated
      populations showed a continuous distribution of pencillin titres. The population
      mean titre of the mutagenized populations was decreased and the range of titres
      was increased relative to those of the control populations. No differences
      between sister cultures could be detected in three untreated populations, but
      nine out of ten populations derived from mutagenized conidia showed significant
      variation for penicillin titre. In general the magnitude of this induced
      variation increased with increasing dosage of the mutagen. Comparisons at fixed
      survival levels indicate that 8MOP mutagenesis is less effective for the
      induction of variation in penicillin titre than EMS or NTG mutagenesis. A
      statistical procedure was adopted to classify the survivors as unchanged cultures
      ('0'), titre-increasing mutants ('+') or titre-decreasing mutants ("-"). The
      frequency of both '+' and '-' mutants increased following mutagenesis, with NTG
      being the most active of the three mutagens. Over all treatments, these two
      mutant classes were recovered with equal frequency. The frequency of "+" mutants
      was largely independent of mutagen dose, within the ranges used, and moderate
      treatments (around 10% survival) gave as high or higher frequencies than more
      extreme doses. All three mutagens, and in particular NTG, produced morphological
      mutants. These contained an increased frequency of titre-decreasing mutants, but
      increases in titre appeared to be independent of changes in colony morphology.
      Estimates based on the observed frequencies of penicillin titre mutants suggest
      that several hundred genes are potentially capable of affecting this continuous
      variable.

PMID- 372488
TI  - Genetic circularity of the Proteus mirabilis linkage map.
AB  - The T incompatibility group plasmid R394 can mobilize the chromosome of Proteus
      mirabilis strain PM5006. It transferred relatively large segments, corresponding
      to at least 20 min on the D plasmid chromosomal map of the organism. The
      frequency of recombination for a large number of selected markers was nearly
      constant at 5 X 10(-6) per donor cell and it is concluded that mobilization takes
      place from a number of chromosomal sites. All recombinants were R+ and displayed
      all properties of the plasmid. By analysing crosses for co-inheritance
      frequencies of unselected markers, a number of chromosomal loci were assembled in
      linear array. Linkage between markers at the ends of this linkage group was
      established to markers at the respective termini of the existing D plasmid
      linkage group. This established a composite circular linkage map of genes of the
      P. mirabilis strain PM5006 chromosome.

PMID- 372489
TI  - Effects of phosphate limitation of growth on the cell-wall and lipid composition
      of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The phosphorus content of phosphate-limited Saccharomyces cerevisiae was only 71%
      of that of non-limited yeast. Walls prepared from phosphate-limited cells
      contained slightly less phosphorus than control walls. No evidence was obtained
      for the presence in these walls of uronic acid or succinyl residues. The
      carbohydrate content of walls of phosphate-limited yeast was less than that of
      non-limited walls, and this was reflected in a decreased glucan content. There
      was only a slight decrease in glucosamine content while the protein content
      increased. The major change in the lipid composition of phosphate-limited yeast
      was a decrease in both sterol esters and triacylglycerols. There was a decrease
      in total lipid content, but increased production of phosphatidylethanolamine and
      phosphatidylcholine. The phosphatidylserine content was decreased. These results
      suggest that there are fewer intracellular low-density vesicles in phosphate
      limited yeast.

PMID- 372490
TI  - Protein II influences ferrichrome-iron transport in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - Ferrichrome-promoted iron uptake in Escherichia coli K12 is strictly dependent
      upon the tonA gene product, a 'minor' outer membrane protein. By selection for
      mutants of E. coli resistant to phages which require 'major' outer membrane
      proteins as receptors, strains with pronounced protein deficiencies were
      constructed. Such strains were tested for anomalous behaviour of ferrichrome
      transport. No significant differences in iron uptake were detected in E. coli K12
      strains with markedly reduced amounts of protein I. However, a reduction in the
      initial velocity (up to 40%) was observed in E. coli deficient in outer membrane
      protein II. This difference was only evident when cells were grown under iron
      starvation conditions; it was abolished when cells were grown in rich medium.
      Kinetic parameters for ferrichrome transport were determined for maximum velocity
      but for Km; double reciprocal plots showed a biphasic nature, probably
      attributable to a limited number of outer membrane binding sites and to the multi
      component nature of the ferrichrome-iron transport system.

PMID- 372491
TI  - Quantitative assessment of the synchronization of cell populations.

PMID- 372492
TI  - Transfer of a gene for sucrose utilization into Escherichia coli K12, and
      consequent failure of expression of genes for D-serine utilization.
AB  - As the first stage in investigating the genetic basis of natural variation in
      Escherichia coli, the gene(s) conferring the ability to use sucrose as a carbon
      and energy source (given the symbol sac+) was transferred from a wild strain to
      K12, which does not use sucrose. The sac+ region was transferred by two different
      methods. On both occasions it took a chromosomal location at minute 50.5 on the
      linkage map, between aroC and supN, in the region of the dsd genes, which confer
      the ability to use D-serine as a carbon  and energy source. When the sac+ region
      was present in the K12 chromosome the bacteria were unable to use D-serine as a
      carbon and energy source. In F' sac+/dsd+ diploids, the dsd+ genes were similarly
      not expressed. Strain K12(sac+) bacteria were sensitive to inhibition by D
      serine; they mutated to D-serine resistance with much greater frequency than did
      a dsd mutant of K12. Such bacteria also mutated frequently to use raffinose.
      Strain K12(sac+) bacteria did not utilize sucrose when they carried a mutation
      affecting the phosphotransferase system.

PMID- 372493
TI  - Uroporphyrin- and coproporphyrin I-accumulating mutant of Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - A new type of haem-deficient mutant was isolated in Escherichia coli K12 by
      neomycin selection. The mutant was deficient in uroporphyrinogen III cosynthase
      activity as indicated by the accumulation of uroporphyrin I and coproporphyrin.
      The mapping of the corresponding hemD gene by P1-mediated transduction showed
      that the new gene was located between ilv and cya, at min 83 on the chromosomal
      map of Escherichia coli K12.

PMID- 372494
TI  - Rapid diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis by means of enzyme linked
      immunosorbent assay.
AB  - An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied for determining separately IgM
      and IgG antibodies against tick-borne encephalitis virus. A micro-modification in
      microtitre plates proved to be at least as sensitive as the HI test. However,
      more precise information could be achieved by a macrotest using antigen coated
      polystyrene balls. False positive results in IgM antibody determinations could be
      caused by a rheumatoid factor. A high content of IgM antibodies in a serum could
      impair the determination of its IgG antibodies but not vice versa. Titres were
      expressed in comparison to a positive control serum.

PMID- 372495
TI  - Demonstration of hepatitis B e antigen in hepatitis B core particles obtained
      from the nucleus of hepatocytes infected with hepatitis B virus.
AB  - Liver tissue infected with hepatitis B virus was homogenized and nuclei were
      separated by centrifugation. Hepatitis B core particles were obtained from the
      nucleus by the digestion with pronase followed by ultracentrifugation in a
      sucrose density gradient. Hepatitis B core particles were then treated with
      sodium dodecyl sulphate and 2 mercaptoethanol and tested for hepatitis B e
      antigen (HBeAg) by the haemagglutination method. The antigenicity of HBeAg was
      clearly demonstrated in hepatitis B core particles so treated, although untreated
      core particles did not reveal any detectable HBeAg activity. The localization of
      HBeAg in hepatitis B core particles was further supported by the results of a
      fluorescent antibody technique. When a frozen section of the liver infected with
      hepatitis B virus was stained with the specific rabbit antibody against HBeAg
      labelled with fluorescent isothiocyanate, only nuclei of hepatocytes were
      stained, in a similar distribution to hepatitis B core antigen visualized by
      fluorescent antibody against hepatitis B core antigen in a nearby section.

PMID- 372496
TI  - Cyclic expression of antigen and infectious virus in a BHK cell line (0-853)
      persistently infected with an SSPE strain of measles virus.
AB  - Establishment and characteristics of a baby hamster kidney cell line (BHK 0-853)
      persistently infected with a subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) strain of
      measles virus (Lec strain) is described. The persistent infection was easily and
      repeatedly established and no special conditions were required. There was a
      predictable fluctuation in expression of virus intracellular and membrane
      antigens which varied from greater than 90% to less than 1% of the cells
      demonstrating these antigens during the first 6 or 7 passages. Thereafter,
      fluctuation of antigen and infectious virus expression continued in an
      unpredictable fashion.

PMID- 372497
TI  - Localization of the Thy-1 antigen in the cerebellar cortex of rat brain by
      immunofluorescence during postnatal development.

PMID- 372498
TI  - A simplified method for raising antibodies to rat dopamine-beta-hydroxylase.

PMID- 372499
TI  - Glial fibrillary acidic protein in ependymomas and other brain tumors.
      Distribution, diagnostic criteria, and relation to formation of processes.
AB  - Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was studied in ependymomas by the three
      step immunoperoxidase method and compared to results in astrocytomas and normal
      tissues. An order of reactivity for GFAP is presented. Diagnostic criteria, based
      on GFAP content, are proposed. In ependymomas GFAP-positive cells give rise to
      only some of the tumor cells, usually those forming tubules and perivascular
      arrangements. It is hypothesized that the same GFAP-positive cells may form
      tubules at their luminal poles and may produce perivascular arrangements at their
      other poles. The aberrant regulation associated with neoplastic transformation in
      glia is often, but not always, reflected in increased GFAP content. In both
      astrocytes and ependymal cells GFAP may have a similar function since in both
      cells the increase in GFAP appears to be related to the development of fibrillary
      processes.

PMID- 372500
TI  - Human brain growth in the 19th and 20th century.
AB  - Data of 2399 brain weights and ages from populations before 1880, 1885 to 1900
      and 1966 to 1976 were obtained from German anatomical and pathological
      institutes, analyzed with non-linear and multiple linear regression analyses and
      the results compared. The influence of the absolute age (sample period) on brain
      weights of adults (age of at least 10 years of ontogenesis) could not be
      verified. Different averages in the different samples seem to be stipulated by
      inhomogeneities of the age distributions. Sex differences were confirmed for the
      different periods. There is an accelerated degree of maturity of brain weights
      between the population sampled from 1966 to 1976 and the two older populations.
      The growth rate of the degree of maturity reveals the same fact, i.e., the growth
      rate is more rapid than 100 years ago. These differences may be explained by
      changed causes of death in the autopsy samples, but it is possible that they are
      at least partly caused by an acceleration of brain development in the early
      postnatal period. In all populations analyzed brain weights in females develop
      faster than in males. The development of the brain weight in 6 more samples is
      compared with the results for the Medical School Hannover sample.

PMID- 372501
TI  - Uveitis and cerebral reticulum-cell sarcoma (large-cell lymphoma). Case report.
AB  - A patient with a peculiarly refractoy uveitis and vitritis was later found to
      have an infiltrative mass lesion of the posterior portion of the corpus callosum.
      The histopathological diagnosis of reticulum-cell sarcoma (large-cell lymphoma)
      was made after study of vitreous tissue obtained by pars plana vitrectomy of the
      right eye. Intraocular involvement with cerebral reticulum-cell sarcoma has been
      reported previously.

PMID- 372502
TI  - Computer-assisted liver-mass estimation from gamma-camera images.
AB  - We have devised a computer-assisted method for objective estimation of liver mass
      from the right lateral projection of radiocolloid images of the liver. Gamma
      camera images were digitized, preprocessed, and stored in computer memory. The
      definition of liver for area measurement was adaptively determined by means of a
      Laplacian operator that measures change in radioactivity slope associated with
      the liver margin. Individual thresholds were calculated for each of 16
      subregions. A liver-mass index was derived from a linear regression model
      correlating the area of the right lateral projection with liver weight at autopsy
      in 50 patients whose livers weighed between 0.8 to 3.0 Kg. The correlation
      coefficient found for this method was 0.83 using the equation: Liver Mass [kg] =
      Area [cm2]/275 [kg/cm2]--0.215 [kg]. Liver-mass estimates using an alternative
      computer-assisted method or representative manual methods adapted for gamma
      camera images showed lower correlation with liver weight at autopsy.

PMID- 372503
TI  - Simple computer quantitation of spleen-to-liver ratios in the diagnosis of
      hepatocellular disease.
AB  - Increased splenic uptake of radiocolloids is a helpful sign in the scintigraphic
      diagnosis of various hepatocellular diseases, but little attempt has been made to
      quantify this physiologic phenomenon. We have devised a simple computer method
      that compares average splenic activity to average right-lobe liver activity. The
      method is reproducible (r = 0.97) and exhibits little interobserver variation (r
      = 0.99). One hundred clinically normal subjects were found to have a nearly
      symmetrical distribution of S/L ratios around a mean of 0.77, with a s.d. of
      0.20. Fifteen subjects normal by biopsy were found to have a similar mean spleen
      to-liver (S/L) ratio of 0.74. Based upon a normal range of 0.37 to 1.17 (0.77 +/-
      2 s.d.), elevated S/L ratios were found in fatty metamorphosis (85%), cirrhosis
      (67%), and chronic hepatitis (43%). Abnormal S/L ratios in the range from 1.17 to
      approximately 1.4 were not visually obvious. Overall sensitivity of the S/L ratio
      in these three diseases is 69%. When combined with the other scintigraphic
      indications of hepatocellular disease (nonhomogenous colloid uptake,
      hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and bone-marrow colloidal uptake), the liver scan was
      found to have a sensitivity of 93%.

PMID- 372504
TI  - Paul Gyorgy (1893-1976). A biographical sketch.

PMID- 372505
TI  - Retrospective evaluation of reproductive performance of workers exposed to
      ethylene dibromide (EDB).
AB  - An attempt has been made to examine retrospectively any antifertility influence
      of ethylene dibromide (EDB) by studying the reproductive performance of men
      exposed to EDB, exclusively on the basis of their reproductive histories in terms
      of live births to their wives, subsequent to their occupational exposure to EDB.
      The number of live, putatively legitimate, natural children born to the wives was
      compared to the expected number derived from national fertility tables published
      for successive birth cohorts of U.S. women by the National Center for Health
      Statistics. The indirect standardization method was used to adjust for the
      confounding effects of maternal age, parity, race and calendar year in deriving
      the expected births. The number of observed births was expressed as a percentage
      of the expected in assessing the workers' reproductive performance. One of the
      four plants studied showed a significant decrease in fertility.

PMID- 372506
TI  - William Osler revisited for today's student.

PMID- 372507
TI  - Short-range shotgun wounds to the face.
AB  - To efficiently treat short-range shotgun wounds to the face, it is imperative to
      have a basic understanding of the causes, pathogenesis, probable extent of
      initial injury, primary treatment principles, and secondary reconstruction
      problems associated with these injuries. This paper deals with these basic
      principles in an attempt to provide a guide to the treatment of these devastating
      injuries.

PMID- 372508
TI  - Tinnitus and the dentist.

PMID- 372509
TI  - Normal human glomerular cells in culture.
AB  - Reproducible patterns of cell outgrowth have been observed from isolated normal
      adult, human glomeruli grown in tissue culture. Three morphologically distinct
      cell populations designated Types I, II, and III have been observed in culture
      from 15 normal human kidneys. Assessment of the morphology and behaviour of these
      cells has been made by phase contrast, time-lapse cinemicroscopic, transmission
      and scanning electron microscopic examination. The phagocytic capacity of these
      cells has been determined. The Type I cell appears in culture by migration from
      the capillary loops, its branched cytoplasm and ultrastructural features
      confirming its origin as a visceral epithelial cell. In keeping with the highly
      specialised nature of this cell, division was rare, movement was not observed,
      and differentiation was progressively lost in culture. The Type II cell was
      mobile and capable of active division. Ultrastructural features were those of
      mesangial cells. The Type III cell which was seen only rarely, had the features
      of a macrophage. Endothelial outgrowth was not observed.

PMID- 372510
TI  - The pathogenesis of Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 372511
TI  - Cuthbert E. Dukes OBE, MD, MSc, FRCS, FRCPath, DPH.

PMID- 372512
TI  - Idiopathic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with C3 nephritic factor and
      hypocomplementemia.
AB  - A 7-year-old boy with mild renal failure and signs and symptoms of acute
      poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis including severe hypocomplementemia had, by
      renal biopsy, numerous crescents but no deposits in the glomerular capillary
      loops. Instead, deposits identical in location and composition to those described
      for children with idiopathic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis were present.
      The severe hypocomplementemia was found to be due to high levels of C3 nephritic
      factor; niether nephritic factor nor hypocomplementemia has been reported in
      rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis of the idiopathic type. Following prompt
      therapy with methylprednisolone intravenously, serologic abnormalities
      disappeared and renal function greatly improved, but a later biopsy showed 50% of
      the glomeruli obliterated by scarring. The case is of importance not only in
      indicating that severe hypocomplementemia does not rule out idiopathic rapidly
      progressive glomerulonephritis but also in adding to the list of diseases in
      which nephritic factor can be found.

PMID- 372513
TI  - Salmonella reactive arthritis: clues to diagnosis.

PMID- 372514
TI  - The effect of synthetic androgens on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in
      boys with constitutionally delayed growth.
AB  - Serial concentrations of basal serum LH, FSH, testosterone, and LH and FSH
      responses to intravenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone were measured before and
      during six months of administration of fluoxymesterone or oxandrolone in 14 boys
      with constitutionally delayed growth and adolescence, in order to assess the
      effects of these androgens on maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal
      axis. Before therapy all boys had normal hormonal responses based on bone age. At
      the end of six months therapy 10 of the 14 boys had lower LH responses (34 to 89%
      reduction) to GnRH without consistent changes in FSH responses. With both
      androgens, there there was significant suppression of both basal serum FSH and
      testosterone. Eleven boys were restudied six months after completion of therapy;
      basal serum LH, FSH, and testosterone and responses to GnRH were equal to or
      greater than pretreatment levels, indicating recovery or progressive maturation
      of the HPGA. All boys had increased growth velocity and imporved weight gain
      without excessive bone age advancement; all had improved psychosocial adjustment.

PMID- 372515
TI  - Factor and cluster analyses with the Rosenzweig Picture Frustration Study.
AB  - The Rosenzweig Picture Frustration (P-F) Study data of 104 psychiatric hospital
      patients, 56 males and 48 females, were subjected first to a Factor Analysis and
      then to a Cluster Analysis. In the former, five factors were extracted which
      showed some similarity to other Factor Analyses reported in the literature. The
      Cluster Analysis turned up one very large group (42% of the sample) characterized
      by depression and P-F profiles with elevated i and very low E scores. Seven other
      clusters are described in the article. The factors and clusters found are
      clinically meaningful and can provide assistance in interpreting P-F profiles.
      Recommendations for a revised P-F manual to enhance the usefulness of the test
      are made.

PMID- 372516
TI  - [Effect of kanpo-prescriptions on rat serum constituents after the administration
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 372517
TI  - [In memorium: Professor Koichi Uchiyama].

PMID- 372518
TI  - The current state of process-reactive schizophrenia.
AB  - Current developments in the process-reactive classification of schizophrenia are
      examined in the light of diagnosis, paranoid-nonparanoid status, premorbid
      adjustment, demographic factors, and outcome. Recent studies are reviewed as
      suggestive of a present focus, and theoretical possibilities are explored.
      Recommendations are made to include a broader, more complex view of the process
      reactive conception,  methodological improvements, further theoretical
      development, and increased research into a variety of promising areas utilizing
      this framework and facilitating its useful growth as an approach to understanding
      the totality of schizophrenia.

PMID- 372519
TI  - [Hyperfractionated radiotherapy in 56 patients with tumors of the head and neck
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A new method of irradiation known as hyperfractionated radiotherapy was studied
      in 56 patients with cancers in the region of the ear, nose, and throat. The dose
      was 72 grays given during 80 sessions over a period of 28 days, with a rest
      period of two weeks at the half-way point. Each session lasted 2 hours. The
      results (complications and survival rate) were compared with those obtained in a
      control group treated with 70 grays in 35 sessions over a period of 7 weeks. The
      complication rate was 21% in the series treated with hyperfractionated
      radiotherapy, against 19% in those given classical treatment (results not
      significant). The survival rate was better, however, (63% against 33% after 18
      months), for the patients treated with this new method of irradiation.

PMID- 372520
TI  - [Combination radiotherapy-chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced epitheliomas
      of the oropharynx. Preliminary results with methotrexate (proceedings)].

PMID- 372521
TI  - [John Caffey (1895--1978)].

PMID- 372522
TI  - [Albert P. Lachapele (1896--1978)].

PMID- 372523
TI  - Longterm survival of lupus nephritis patients treated with azathioprine and
      prednisone.
AB  - Forty-seven SLE patients with severe renal disease characterized by renal biopsy
      documentation of diffuse proliferative or membranous glomerulonephritis or the
      nephrotic syndrome have been treated with azathioprine and prednisone in
      combination and followed for up to 12 years. Survivorship was 82% +/- 6% for five
      years and 74% +/- 8% for 10 years. There have been eight deaths and two patients
      have gone on hemodialysis. Five of the eight deaths are attributable to
      superinfection. Improvement in creatinine clearance was documented in 21 and
      decreased proteinuria in 35 of the patients. A therapeutic program, which
      included high dose corticosteroids initially, the combinations of azathioprine
      with corticosteroids chronically, and the rapid reduction in corticosteroid
      dosage to an alternate day schedule, appears to contribute to improved
      survivorship.

PMID- 372524
TI  - Immune complexes in psoriasis with and without arthritis.
AB  - Two different assays were employed to detect soluble immune complexes in the
      serum of a large group of patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Using
      a Raji cell assay no evidence of complexes was found. However, with the Clq
      deviation method, sera from 29% of the patients with psoriasis alone and 35% of
      those with associated arthritis, exhibited Clq reacting material.

PMID- 372526
TI  - Chernogubov's syndrome: a translation of the first modern case report of the
      Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
AB  - The heritable disorder of connective tissue, now termed Ehlers--Danlos syndrome,
      was described by Chernogubov, a Russian dermatologist, in 1892. His graphic
      description of the first modern case with multisystemic features is presented in
      English translation. Chernogubov attributed the development of this disorder to a
      generalized defect in the embryological formation of connective tissue fibers.
      Chernogubov's observations were recognized by his colleagues as providing new
      insights in explaining an interesting and puzzling case. In the literature of the
      Soviet Union this syndrome is known as Chernogubov's syndrome. This work is
      justifiably recognized as a seminal publication in rheumatology.

PMID- 372525
TI  - Naproxen vs. aspirin in osteoarthritis of the hip and knee.
AB  - This 12-week double-blind trial compared the efficacy and tolerance of naproxen
      (750 mg/day) with that of aspirin (3.6 gm/day). There was no statistical
      difference in efficacy between the two trial drugs for any of the objective
      (e.g., 25-foot walking time) or subjective (e.g., overall severity of symptoms)
      variables measured. No side effects were experienced by 69% of the naproxen
      patients and 37.5% of the aspirin patients. There were a statistically greater
      number and more severe side effects during aspirin therapy than during naproxen
      therapy (p = 0.002). The results show naproxen to be a potentially useful drug
      for the treatment of osteoarthritis.

PMID- 372527
TI  - Quantitative structure-activity relationships in 1-aryl-2-(alkylamino)ethanol
      antimalarials.
AB  - A quantitative structure-activity relationship has been formulated for 646
      antimalarials acting against P. berghei in mice. The equation developed has 14
      terms, 9 of which are indicator variables. The correlation coefficient for the
      QSAR is 0.898 and the standard deviation is 0.309. The antimalarials are all
      arylcarbinols of the type X-ArCHOHCH2NR1R2. Sixty different aryl structures,
      including a variety of heterocyles, are contained in the study. The most
      important determinate of activity is found to be the electron-withdrawing ability
      of the substituents X; the hydrophobic character of X and R plays less important
      roles. Suggestions for more potent analogues are made and the lack of activity of
      about 100 additional analogues is also considered.

PMID- 372529
TI  - What is medicine?: towards a philosophical approach.
AB  - The failure of Western medicine to deal with many of the problems it is currently
      facing has led to an awareness of the need for a fundamental reappraisal. The way
      in which medical concepts derived from the nineteenth century have brought
      technical medical advances in this century and the alliances that medicine has
      made with statistics and more recently the social sciences, have prevented a
      questioning of medicine's underlying assumptions. Thus, despite a number of
      critical initiatives from both within and outside medicine, there has been no
      coherent development to seriously confront the question 'what is medicine?'. It
      is suggested that the basis for such a development depends on the return to a
      philosophical questioning of our conceptual understanding of disease, a subject
      which has largely been ignored during the past hundred years.

PMID- 372528
TI  - The donation and transplantation of kidneys: should the law be changed?
AB  - It is now eighteen years on since the Human Tissue Act 1961, but this legislation
      is still unchanged in England, Scotland and Wales. Ian Kennedy, in this paper,
      lays before us the law as it is, the problems of its interpretation and his
      opinion of what government should be doing to help clarify the situation and
      remove some of the problems which exist daily for the doctors who face the
      dilemma of seeking consent for transplants at the moment of extreme grief for the
      surviving spouses or relatives of the patient who has been in his care only
      moments before. Ian Kennedy suggests that by doing nothing the Department of
      Health and the government are being both callous and less than honest.

PMID- 372530
TI  - The special affinity of particular types of Proteus mirabilis for the urinary
      tract.
AB  - The strains of Proteus species found in significant numbers and as pure cultures
      in urine from 217 individuals were isolated, identified to species level and
      typed for proticine production (P type) and proticine sensitivity (S type) to
      give their P/S type. Urinary-tract infections with Proteus, principally P.
      mirabilis, were associated with the elderly. Ninety seven distinct P/S types were
      found but three P/S types P3/S1,8, P3/S1,8,13 and P3/S1,13 were isolated at a
      much higher frequency (14%) then could be explained from their faecal carriage
      rate. These types were almost without exception restricted to patients with
      clinical symptoms of urinary-tract infection and it is suggested therefore that
      they have some special affinity for the urinary tract.

PMID- 372531
TI  - Escherichia coli K antigen in relation to serum-induced lysis and phagocytosis.
AB  - The presence of capsular polysaccharides (K antigens) and their relation to
      phagocytosis and sensitivity to the lytic action of serum of 26 strains of E.
      coli isolated from stools of healthy volunteers and from blood cultures were
      studied. Four of 12 strains isolated from stool cultures and 12 (86%) of the 14
      strains isolated from blood cultures possessed K antigen. Three of the 12 strains
      isolated from stool cultures and seven of the 14 isolated from blood cultures
      were resistant to uptake by polymorphonuclear leucocytes; these resistant strains
      contained large amounts of K antigen. By contrast 10 strains, three with low
      amounts of K antigen and seven without detectable amounts of K antigen, were
      readily phagocytosed. Thus it appears that K antigen renders E. coli resistant to
      phagocytosis. Only four (15%) of the 26 strains were sensitive to serum lysis and
      there was no correlation between the presence of K antigen and the resistance to
      serum lysis.

PMID- 372532
TI  - Experience with radial haemolysis for rubella antibody screening.
AB  - Twelve hundred and thirty three sera were tested in parallel by the single radial
      haemolysis (SRH) and by the simplified haemagglutination inhibition (HAI)
      technique in routine use in this laboratory. In 1203 (97.6%) of these sera the
      results were in agreement. The remaining 30 (2.4%) sera were re-tested by both
      methods because on initial testing the results obtained by the two methods did
      not agree; only three specimens remained discrepant. The SRH is a simple test to
      perform and discriminates clearly between positive and negative sera. It is
      particularly suitable for screening large batches of sera.

PMID- 372533
TI  - The effect of freezing and storage in liquid nitrogen on the viability and growth
      of Mycobacterium leprae.
AB  - The effects of rapid and slow rates of freezing in liquid nitrogen, storage in
      liquid nitrogen for 12 months, and the rate of subsequent thawing on the
      viability and growth of M. leprae in the mouse footpad were studied. Some loss of
      viability of M. leprae was detected, and this was found to be associated with the
      freezing process, rather than with storage or thawing. Slow freezing was less
      deleterious than quick freezing, with a loss of viability of 90% compared with
      98%. The growth pattern of M. leprae was unaffected except for a delay in the
      appearance of growth caused by the loss of viability, though there was some
      evidence of an increased lag phase of one strain, possibly due to the repair of
      sub-lethally damaged organisms.

PMID- 372534
TI  - The variable response of bacteria to excess ferric iron in host tissues.
AB  - The enhancement by exogenous ferric iron, both systemic and local, of the
      infectivity of 120 strains of bacteria, representing 17 genera, was measured in
      the skin of guinea-pigs. Systemic iron enhanced only 23% of 115 strains, and
      local iron 49% of 71 strains. Systemic iron, by an apparently anti-inflammatory
      action, depressed the size of lesions produced by 27 of the non-enhanced strains
      from nine of the genera tested. For most strains, the degree of enhancement was
      small, ranging from 2- to 8-fold, and often evident only with the more effective
      local iron; among these were some near-saprophytes like Mycobacterium phlei, M.
      smegmatis, Bacillus cereus and Clostridium bifermentans. Substantial enhancement,
      from 14- to 50-fold, was observed with the more pathogenic among the strains
      tested: namely BCG, Corynebacterium ovis, C. murium, Listeria monocytogenes,
      Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Cl. perfringens, Cl. septicum, Cl. oedematiens, and
      some strains of Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp. and Aeromonas hydrophila. The
      enhancement of BCG by a single dose of iron given locally with the inoculum was
      only feebly manifest after 7 days, but substantial after 14--19 days, indicating
      the decisive effect of interference with an early humoral defence on the
      establishment of chronic infection some time later. Insofar as guinea-pigs whose
      antibacterial defences are lowered by substantial amounts of exogenous iron in
      the circulation represent human subjects at risk of infection because of clinical
      states characterised by excess of available iron, the results of the survey
      suggest that only a minority among the environmental bacteria can take advantage
      of the decreased resistance associated with such states; but that this minority
      is likely to include the more virulent strains in the environment.

PMID- 372536
TI  - Histologic investigation of glycol methacrylate embedded chick embryonic tissue.
AB  - Specific light microscopic investigations (i.e. histochemical) of early embryonic
      material have always been beset by difficulties in processing and obtaining
      tissue sections of good quality. The advent of glycol methacrylate (GMA) as an
      embedding medium now provides a means to overcome these inherent problems with
      this tissue. Investigations were carried out to assess the histological results
      produced by different fixatives and times of fixation of GMA embedded 5-day chick
      embryonic tissue. Optimum cellular preservation of all tissues occurred following
      fixation in a mixture of acetic acid, 95% ethanol and neutral buffered formalin
      (AAF). With the procedures described in this study, a new method is available for
      more comprehensive examination of all types of early embryonic material.

PMID- 372535
TI  - The effect of 5-fluorocytosine on the blastospores and hyphae of Candida
      albicans.
AB  - In Candida albicans the continued increase in dry weight, in cell volume and in
      hyphal length during 5FC treatment is mainly due to increased amount of
      carbohydrate despite the decreased amounts of nucleic acids. Incorporation
      studies with 32PO4 (for RNA) in C. albicans and with 3H-thymidine-monophosphate
      (for DNA) in a thymidine-utilising strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have shown
      that the decreased amounts of nucleic acids were due to an inhibition of
      synthesis of RNA and DNA by 5FC. Nuclear-staining techniques on the hyphal phase
      of C. albicans showed that 5FC inhibits nuclear division. The changes in amounts
      of protein during 5FC treatment do not wholly explain the changes in cell size
      although 14C-histidine incorporation experiments showed that protein synthesis
      continued in the presence of 5FC. 14C-glucose incorporation in the presence of
      5FC showed an initial accelerated synthesis of carbohydrate with a maintained
      level of synthesis after 16 h. This abnormal pattern of synthesis correlates with
      the increase in amount of carbohydrate and in cell size and hyphal elongation.
      5FC inhibits DNA synthesis, and all manifestations of unbalanced growth that
      culminate in the cell volume changes appear to be a consequence of that
      inhibition.

PMID- 372537
TI  - A technique for illuminating early chick embryos in ovo with a glass rod as a
      light guide.
AB  - A glass rod mounted on a microscope condenser acts as a light guide through the
      yolk of a fertile hen's egg. Two apertures must first be made in the shell: the
      one below covered with plastic film which seals around the rod; the one above
      covered with a glass coverslip to allow microscopic observation of the embryo.

PMID- 372538
TI  - Regulation of isoleucine and valine biosynthesis in Salmonella typhimurium: the
      effect of hisU on repression control.

PMID- 372539
TI  - Identification of fifteen neighboring protein pairs in the Escherichia coli 50 S
      ribosomal subunit crosslinked with 2-iminothiolane.

PMID- 372540
TI  - Gyrase-dependent initiation of bacteriophage T4 DNA replication: interactions of
      Escherichia coli gyrase with novobiocin, coumermycin and phage DNA-delay gene
      products.

PMID- 372541
TI  - Cloning of the yeast tyrosine transfer RNA genes in bacteriophage lambda.

PMID- 372542
TI  - The 37 S precursor to ribosomal RNA is the primary transcript of ribosomal RNA
      genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 372543
TI  - Interaction in vivo between strong closely spaced constitutive promoters.

PMID- 372544
TI  - Properties of ribosomes and RNA synthesized by Escherichia coli grown in the
      presence of ethionine. V. Methylation dependence on the assembly of E. coli 50 S
      ribosomal subunits.

PMID- 372545
TI  - Location of promoter sites on plasmid NTP1 which contains the ampicillin
      resistance transposon Tn1701.

PMID- 372546
TI  - 5S ribosomal RNA is contained within a 25 S ribosomal RNA that accumulates in
      mutants of Escherichia coli defective in processing of ribosomal RNA.

PMID- 372547
TI  - Variation of phenotypic suppression due to the psi+ and psi- extrachromosomal
      determinants in yeast.

PMID- 372548
TI  - Structural organization of Escherichia coli tRNAtyr gene clusters in four
      different transducing bacteriophages.

PMID- 372549
TI  - Yeast UAA suppressors effective in psi+ strains serine-inserting suppressors.

PMID- 372550
TI  - Differential mobility of the N-terminal headpiece in the lac-repressor protein.

PMID- 372551
TI  - Profile: Dorethea Asher--in charge of first aid at Disneyland.

PMID- 372552
TI  - Profile: Mary Hutchins.

PMID- 372553
TI  - Serum immunoglobulin levels in Indonesians with bancroftian filariasis.
AB  - Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels (IgA, IgM, IgG, IgE) were determined on 185
      Indonesians mostly males with and without microfilaremia and with and without
      clinical disease (hydrocele and elphantiasis). No significant differences were
      found in IgA and IgE levels in any of the groups but significantly higher IgG
      levels were found in microfilariae positive persons than those without
      microfilaremia. Persons with microfilariae alone and symptoms alone, but not
      both, had higher levels of IgM. There were no correlations between disease
      category and Ig levels.

PMID- 372554
TI  - Muscle flaps in the head and neck.
AB  - Muscle flaps about the head and neck have signficant application in
      reconstruction and rehabilitation following radical ablative surgery. Nine such
      flaps are reviewed and the uses, advantages, and disadvantages in three major
      muscle falps cited. Their main applications include: 1) augmentation of a
      regional deficiency and preparation of a bed for skin grafting; 2) rehabilitation
      of the paralyzed face and so improved appearance in repose and animation; 3)
      protection for vital vascular structures such as the carotid or innominate
      artery; and 4) assistance in mastication and deglutition when transposed to a
      paralytic or deficient area.

PMID- 372555
TI  - [Hemofiltration with regeneration of the ultrafiltrate by adsorption: preliminary
      clinical experience in the treatment of the terminal stage of chronic renal
      insufficiency].

PMID- 372556
TI  - [Extramembranous glomerulonephritis following renal transplantation
      (proceedings)].

PMID- 372557
TI  - [Does the detection of circulating immune complexes have a clinical significance
      in chronic glomerulonephritis? (proceedings)].

PMID- 372558
TI  - [Use of pipemidic acid as an extra-urinary antibiotic in renal insufficiency and
      hemodialysis (proceedings)].

PMID- 372559
TI  - Localization of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase binding sites on bacteriophage
      S13 and 0X174 DNAs by electron microscopy.
AB  - Complexes between Escherichia coli RNA polymerase and bacteriophage S13 and phage
      phiX174 replicative form III DNAs have been shown to form at specific locations
      on the phage genomes. The major locations on S13 have been mapped at 8 to 10 and
      92 to 96% of the genome length, starting from the unique Pst I cleavage site. The
      locations correspond to the beginnings of genes D and B, respectively. Four minor
      locations map at 18 to 22, 28 to 32, 50 to 56, and 70 to 74% of the genome. The
      70 to 74% site corresponds to the beginning of the A gene. The major locations on
      phiX174 are at 8 to 10, 50 to 54, and 92 to 94% of the genome. The 50 to 54% site
      is at the start of the H gene and has an equivalent minor site on S13, but it is
      not a promoter site. Three minor sites on phiX174, at 20 to 24, 26 to 32, and 68
      to 74% of the genome, correspond to sites on S13. The data confirm the locations
      of sites identified by restriction fragment binding experiments (E. Rassart and
      J. H. Spencer, J. Virol. 27:677--687, 1978) and the assignment of putative
      promoters at the start of genes A, B and D.

PMID- 372560
TI  - Involvement of DNA gyrase in replication and transcription of bacteriophage T7
      DNA.
AB  - Growth of bacteriophage T7 is inhibited by the antibiotic coumermycin A1, an
      inhibitor of the Escherichia coli DNA gyrase. Since growth of the phage is
      insensitive to the antibiotic in strains containing a coumermycin-resistant DNA
      gyrase, this enzyme appears to be required for phage growth. We have investigated
      the effect of coumermycin on the kinetics of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis
      during T7 infection. DNA synthesis is completely inhibited by the antibiotic. In
      addition, coumermycin significantly inhibits transcription of late but not early
      genes. Thus, E. coli DNA gyrase may play an important role in transcription as
      well as in replication of T7 DNA.

PMID- 372562
TI  - Chromosomal location of the attachment site for the PA-2 prophage in Escherichia
      coli K-12.
AB  - The chromosomal attachment site for the PA-2 prophage is located between dsd and
      aroC at the approximately 50 min on the Escherichia coli K-12 genetic map. The
      attachment site is designated attPA-2.

PMID- 372563
TI  - In situ flushing of donor kidneys: its technique and rationale.
AB  - In situ flushing of kidneys through an isolated segment of aorta was done on
      mongrel dogs. The 500 cc cold perfusate at 3 to 4C (delivered in 6 minutes)
      effectively cooled the kidneys to about 15C. This simplified technique of in situ
      flushing, its usefulness and rationale are discussed.

PMID- 372561
TI  - Construction and characterization of the hybrid bacteriophage lambda Charon
      vectors for DNA cloning.
AB  - Twenty hybrid lambda phages especially designed for molecular cloning have been
      constructed and named Charon phages. These phages differ in the ranges of sizes
      of DNA fragments that may be inserted, by the selections and screens which may be
      used to isolate and detect the incorporation of cloned fragments, by the way
      transcription of the cloned fragment may be controlled, by the different
      restriction enzymes that can be used for cloning, by the phage immunities that
      may be employed for controlling replication and transcription, and by the
      biological safety features that they contain. The crosses used to produce the
      vectors are described, and their genealogy is discussed. The structure of each
      vector has been verified by genetic tests, by DNA length determinations, by
      electron micrographic analysis of DNA heteroduplexes, and by gel electrophoresis
      of restriction enzyme digests. In the course of these constructions, a new EcoRI
      site was found in a derivative of lambda Aam32Bam1 which maps very near the left
      cohesive end of lambda.

PMID- 372564
TI  - Free full thickness skin graft urethroplasty: current technique.
AB  - We present details of our current techniques for skin graft urethroplasty. We
      believe that careful attention to the details of these operative techniques is
      important to their success. The changes from our previous reports include: 1)
      preparation of patch grafts with rounded ends, 2) preparation of tube grafts with
      fishmouth spatulation, 3) fixation of the stent catheter to the anterior
      abdominal wall, 4) leaving a stent catheter inlying for 2 weeks and replacing
      with a smaller catheter if a voiding cystourethrogram shows extravasation, 5)
      fixation of the graft during preparation by dermatome adhesive, 6) irrigation of
      the wound with irrigant before closure and 7) urodynamic flow study for non
      invasive postoperative followup.

PMID- 372565
TI  - Intercostal nerve block with thoracoabdominal incision.
AB  - A double-blind study was done on 30 patients undergoing thoracoabdominal
      incisions for retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy in testicular carcinoma to
      determine the effect of intraoperative intercostal nerve block with bupivacaine.
      The postoperative pain, day of ambulation and day of oral fluid intake were
      analyzed. In this homogeneous group we found a significant reduction in the
      amount of postoperative analgesia required but no difference in the day of
      ambulation or fluid intake.

PMID- 372567
TI  - Arthur Richardson: dean of deans.

PMID- 372566
TI  - Massive renal angiomyolipoma: preoperative infarction by balloon catheter.
AB  - A case of a renal angiomyolipoma supplied by 2 renal arteries is reported.
      Preoperative, percutaneous transluminal infarction by a balloon catheter
      facilitated surgical removal of this massive neoplasm.

PMID- 372568
TI  - David Rall: screening for future surprises.

PMID- 372569
TI  - Salvador Minuchin: the 'individual in context'.

PMID- 372570
TI  - Donald Cooper: coping with the new 'fitness'.

PMID- 372571
TI  - George Bray: the nutrition message must be spread.

PMID- 372572
TI  - John Stehlin: holistic oncology and a nude mouse.

PMID- 372573
TI  - Jesse Roth: redefining diabetes by receptors.

PMID- 372574
TI  - Galactorrhea in men.

PMID- 372575
TI  - Group B streptococcal urinary tract infection in an infant.

PMID- 372576
TI  - The resident voice in organized medicine.

PMID- 372577
TI  - Family practice.

PMID- 372578
TI  - Internal medicine.

PMID- 372579
TI  - Surgery.

PMID- 372580
TI  - Allergy.

PMID- 372581
TI  - Physical medicine and rehabilitation.

PMID- 372582
TI  - Nuclear medicine.

PMID- 372583
TI  - Neurology.

PMID- 372584
TI  - Hematology.

PMID- 372585
TI  - Medical ethics.

PMID- 372586
TI  - Nephrology and bioethics.

PMID- 372587
TI  - Oliver St John Gogarty, MD, FRCSI (1878-1957).

PMID- 372588
TI  - Prostaglandin E2 prevents aspirin-induced blood loss.

PMID- 372589
TI  - Analysis of costs and outcomes of renal transplantation at one center. Its
      implications.
AB  - A cost increase of more than 900% for medical services to dialysis patients and
      transplant recipients has been projected during the decade 1974 to 1984. To
      evaluate the role of renal transplantation in the End-Stage Renal Disease
      Program, we analyzed direct costs and patient outcomes in 466 consecutive
      transplants at our center. A successful transplant from either a living related
      or cadaver donor cost less than +7,000 per year for two years of graft function.
      The cost of transplants rejected during the second year also proved cost
      effective when compared with the yearly costs of maintenance-facility
      hemodialysis. Patient survival was 100% at two years for recipients of a
      transplant from a living related donor and 84% at two years for recipients of a
      transplant from a cadaver. Renal transplantation can reduce the rising costs for
      end-stage renal disease patient care, without reducing life expectancy.

PMID- 372590
TI  - Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with influenza.
AB  - Fatal invasive pulmonary aspergillosis may follow viral influenza infections. Two
      cases with verified influenza A infection were followed by fatal necrotizing
      pneumonia due to Aspergillus fumigatus. Both patients demonstrated cutaneous
      anergy and lymphocytopenia. Influenza and perhaps other viruses that depress T
      cell function may result in increased susceptibility to infections in which T
      cells are important in host defenses.

PMID- 372591
TI  - Streptococcal pharyngitis.

PMID- 372592
TI  - Agostino Bassi.

PMID- 372593
TI  - Prophylaxis of streptococcal infections and rheumatic fever: a comparison of
      orally administered clindamycin and penicillin.
AB  - Orally administered clindamycin and penicillin were compared for effectiveness in
      preventing streptococcal infections in 202 randomly assigned patients with
      previous rheumatic fever (RF). Among 143 patients aged 21 years or younger
      observed for 537 patient-years, the number of streptococcal infections (and
      number per patient-year) was 23 (0.084) in the penicillin group and 12 (0.045) in
      the clindamycin group. Excluding uncooperative patients, the rate of
      streptococcal infection remained less, though not statistically significant, in
      the clindamycin group than in the penicillin group. Two RF recurrences occurred
      in the penicillin group, and no recurrence occurred in the clindamycin group.
      Clindamycin was well tolerated except for possible mild gastrointestinal symptoms
      in six patients. Clindamycin can be substituted for penicillin for RF prophylaxis
      when there is allergy to penicillin or concern about the development of
      penicillin-resistant mouth organisms.

PMID- 372594
TI  - Jozef Brudzinski.

PMID- 372595
TI  - JAMA reference directories.

PMID- 372596
TI  - Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia.

PMID- 372597
TI  - The roentgenographic findings in acute pyelonephritis.

PMID- 372598
TI  - Georges Leopold C. F. D. Cuvier.

PMID- 372599
TI  - Sir Alexander Fleming.

PMID- 372600
TI  - Ales Hrdlicka.

PMID- 372601
TI  - Valproic acid in epilepsy.

PMID- 372602
TI  - Hammurabi (c 2000 BC).

PMID- 372603
TI  - Leander Starr Jameson.

PMID- 372604
TI  - Respiratory failure in cancer patients.
AB  - A review of 180 cancer patients requiring mechanical ventilation disclosed that
      26% survived to extubation, and 13% and 7% were alive at two and six months,
      respectively. Mortality was related to several factors individually and the
      cumulative number of organ systems dysfunctioning in a given patient. Compared
      with general intensive care patients, those with respiratory failure and
      neoplastic disease demonstrated a high incidence of drug-induced pulmonary
      disease, hematologic abnormalities, pneumothorax, and infections with multiple
      and unusual organisms--all of which alter the approach to management. Although
      the long-term survival was poor, immediate survival was comparable with that of
      many groups of patients with respiratory failure.

PMID- 372605
TI  - Current status of cardiac transplantation, 1978.

PMID- 372606
TI  - Vaccines being tested for therapy, prevention of lung and liver cancer.

PMID- 372607
TI  - Computer diagnoses gallstones in pancreatitis.

PMID- 372608
TI  - Janusz Korczak, physician-humanitarian.

PMID- 372609
TI  - Ticrynafen and hydrochlorothiazide. A double-blind study of antihypertensive
      properties with an open crossover.
AB  - Twenty-eight patients completed a double-blind study of the antihypertensive
      effects of ticrynafen compared with those of hydrochlorothiazide. The results of
      blood pressure reduction were comparable in the two groups. After six months, 12
      patients were crossed over to ticrynafen therapy from hydrochlorothiazide. They
      maintained their blood pressure reduction. The most striking difference between
      the two groups was in the uric acid response. The uric acid level in the patients
      receiving hydrochlorothiazide therapy rose from a baseline of 5.9 to 7.5 mg/dL
      (normal range, 3.0 to 8.0 mg/dL). The uric acid level of those patients receiving
      ticrynafen therapy decreased from a baseline of 6.4 mg/dL to a low of 3.3 mg/dL.
      In view of ticrynafen's appreciable antihypertensive and uric-acid-lowering
      effects, it appears to be a useful new antihypertensive drug.

PMID- 372610
TI  - Studies on transthoracic electrical impedance: (I) A comparison of cardiac output
      measured by impedance and other tests, and determination of optimal heart rate in
      atrial fibrillation.

PMID- 372611
TI  - Studies on the transthoracic electrical impedance method: (II) Successive
      observations of patients with acute myocardial infarction and congestive heart
      failure.

PMID- 372612
TI  - [Recent trends and future prospects in the studies of blood platelets].

PMID- 372613
TI  - [New concepts in platelet disorders].

PMID- 372614
TI  - [Etiology of thromboembolism and the role of blood platelets].

PMID- 372615
TI  - [Pathomorphology of various thrombosis and blood platelets].

PMID- 372617
TI  - [Blood platelet adhesiveness and aggregation under scanning electron microscopy].

PMID- 372616
TI  - [Trends in the studies of blood platelet membranes].

PMID- 372618
TI  - [Biosynthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxane in the blood platelets].

PMID- 372619
TI  - [Relationship between blood platelet functions and coagulo-fibrinolytic system].

PMID- 372620
TI  - [Participation of von Willebrand factor in blood platelet functions].

PMID- 372621
TI  - [Thromboxane A2 antagonist, prostacyclin (PGI2)--its in vivo secretion and action
      mechanism].

PMID- 372622
TI  - [Progress in blood platelet function tests and anticipation of thrombosis].

PMID- 372623
TI  - [Determination of platelet survival time and anticipation of thrombus formation].

PMID- 372624
TI  - [Platelet aggregation caused by ristocetin--its implication and action
      mechanism].

PMID- 372625
TI  - [Platelet functions in hyperlipemia].

PMID- 372626
TI  - [Coronary artery thrombosis, cerebral artery thrombosis and platelet functions].

PMID- 372627
TI  - [Thrombosis prevention and platelet functions following heart valve replacement].

PMID- 372628
TI  - [Clinical application and evaluation of anti-platelet agents].

PMID- 372629
TI  - [History of bacteriology in Japan (27)].

PMID- 372630
TI  - [Determination of helper T-cells in SLE patients with reverse hemolytic plaque
      assay].

PMID- 372631
TI  - [Autopsy case of Plasmodium falciparum malaria].

PMID- 372632
TI  - [History of bacteriology in Japan (28)].

PMID- 372633
TI  - [Present status and evaluation of mobile gamma cameras and gamma probe system].

PMID- 372634
TI  - [Proteinuria and morphological changes of the kidney].

PMID- 372635
TI  - [Some problem and clinical evaluation on identification of organisms (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 372636
TI  - [Grouping with bacitracin sensitivity and immunofluorescent antibody tests, and
      antibiotic sensitivities of beta-hemolytic-streptococci in clinical specimens
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 372637
TI  - [Opportunistic infection in medicine: study on its causative organisms (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 372638
TI  - Systemic antitumor activity of Bacillus Calmette Guerin and purified protein
      derivatives against tumors in mice having tuberculin allergy.

PMID- 372639
TI  - [History of baby beds in Japan].

PMID- 372640
TI  - [Artificial kidney and renal transplantation: the natural and artificial organs.
      Discussion].

PMID- 372641
TI  - [Women and the stocking. 10. Over the ocean - a record by Ms. Noriko Kobayashi, a
      lady skipper].

PMID- 372642
TI  - [The role of the kidney in post-DCA hypertension in the rats, determined by renal
      transplantation: a preliminary report (author's transl)].

PMID- 372643
TI  - Heat illness.

PMID- 372644
TI  - Screening by clinical scorecard.

PMID- 372645
TI  - Gunshot wounds: medicolegal responsibilities of the ED nurse.

PMID- 372646
TI  - A review of autotransfusion.

PMID- 372647
TI  - Emergency childbirth.

PMID- 372648
TI  - Organizing nursing.

PMID- 372649
TI  - House plant poisoning in children.

PMID- 372650
TI  - Kupffer cell sarcoma in rats after exposure to small doses of dimethylnitrosamine
      and N-2-acetylaminofluorene during hepatic regeneration.
AB  - During experiments to study the evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma in adult
      male Wistar rats by exposing regenerating livers to the action of small doses of
      dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) or N-2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF), several primary
      sarcomas of the liver were incidentally observed. The morphology and behavior of
      the tumors suggest their origin from Kupffer's cells. Kupffer cell sarcomas
      occurred more frequently when 70% hepatectomy was used as the regenerative
      stimulus. None of the 36 animals treated with AAF alone and 2 of the 38 rats
      given DMN only had this tumor.

PMID- 372651
TI  - Spoken on the occasion of the National Institutes of Health Director's Award to
      Dr. Wilhelm C. Hueper on Friday, September 1, 1978.

PMID- 372652
TI  - Some comments on the history and experimental explorations of metal carcinogens
      and cancers.

PMID- 372653
TI  - Characteristics of cytotoxic antibodies against neuraminidase-treated lymphocytes
      in man.

PMID- 372654
TI  - Reaction of immune complexes with Hodgkin's disease tissue cultures: radioimmune
      assay and immunoferritin electron microscopy.
AB  - We examined the binding of soluble immune complexes in sera from patients with
      Hodgkin's disease to established tissue cultures derived from the tumor.
      Circulating immune complex levels were determined by the Raji cell assay, and the
      reaction of serum with cultured cells was examined with a radioimmune assay and
      by immunoferritin electron microscopy. Serum with elevated immune complexes was
      found to react with cells of Hodgkin's disease monolayers when tested with
      radioiodine-labeled antisera against human IgG heavy and light chains and the
      complement 3 (C3) component. When examined with the electron microscope,
      monolayers incubated with Hodgkin's disease serum containing immune complex and
      labeled with ferritin-conjugated antiserum to C3 contained surface-bound ferritin
      particles with a uniform but discontinuous pattern. Absorption of Hodgkin's
      disease serum with monolayer cells reduced immune complexes and decreased
      reactivity of the sample with cultured cells by radioimmune assay. Sera of
      patients with other disorders and aggregated gamma-globulin with complement,
      despite markedly elevated immune complex levels, did not react positively with
      monolayers derived from Hodgkin's disease tumors, and none of the sera reacted
      with normal cultured spleen. The approximate size of serum components reacting
      with Hodgkin's disease monolayers was estimated by sucrose density gradient
      centrifugation. Sedimentation fractions in the 19S region reacted with monolayer
      cells when tested with 125I-labeled antisera to both IgG and C3 and contained
      immunoglobulin-complement complexes by gel diffusion and immunoabsorption. A
      component sedimenting at 7-9S contained immunoglobulin not complexed with
      complement; this component reacted with monolayer cells when tested with anti-IgG
      antiserum but did not react when tested with antibody to C3. The reaction of
      Hodgkin's disease monolayers with serum containing immune complexes differed from
      that of two suspension culture lines composed of cells with surface complement
      and IgG Fc receptors. Inasmuch as cells of our long-term Hodgkin's disease
      monolayers do not contain these surface receptors, possibly the antibody
      component of the immune complex reacts with antigens on the surface of cultured
      cells.

PMID- 372655
TI  - Selection of carcinogens and related compounds tested for mutagenic activity.
AB  - A list of 102 chemicals was prepared for subsequent mutagenesis assays in a
      National Cancer Institute program to determine the extent of correlation between
      carcinogenesis and mutagenesis in standardized assays. The chemicals were divided
      into five major categories: 37 aromatic amines, 11 polycyclic aromatic
      hydrocarbons, 8 nitrosamines and nitrosamides, 16 alkylating agents, and a
      miscellaneous category consisting of 11 heterocyclic compounds, 7 amides, ureas
      and acylating agents, 5 antimetabolites, 4 inorganic chemicals, and 3 promoters.
      The chemicals were further described as procarcinogens (requiring metabolic
      activation to exert their biologic activities), ultimate carcinogens (direct
      acting chemicals not requiring metabolic activation), and noncarcinogens
      (compounds shown to be inactive in one or more adequate carcinogenicity tests).
      An extensive bibliography documents the selection and categorization of the
      compounds.

PMID- 372656
TI  - Evaluation of the mutagenicity and DNA-modifying activity of carcinogens and
      noncarcinogens in microbial systems.
AB  - The mutagenicity of 99 chemicals was determined in a standard Salmonella
      typhimurium assay with the use of strains TA1535 and TA1538; the DNA-modifying
      capacity was determined with normal and DNA polymerase-deficient Escherichia coli
      strains. The following categories of chemicals were studied: alkylating agents
      (15); nitrosamines, hydrazines, and related substances (8); heterocyclics (10);
      aromatic amines (36); polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (11); amides, ureas, and
      acylating agents (7); antimetabolites (5); inorganics (4); and promoters (3). Of
      the substances studied, 21 were known noncarcinogens, 21 were ultimate
      carcinogens, and 45 were procarcinogens. Of the noncarcinogens, 35, 30, and 25%
      were positive in the Salmonella, E. coli, and both systems, respectively. All of
      the ultimate carcinogens were detectable as mutagens of DNA-modifying agents; 79,
      100, and 79% gave positive tests in the Salmonella, E. coli, and both systems,
      respectively. Of the procarcinogens 72% were identifiable by these procedures:
      52, 67, and 48% in the Salmonella, E. coli, and both assays, respectively. A
      tabulation of the combined data for ultimate carcinogens and procarcinogens
      indicates that 77% of the carcinogens gave positive results: 61, 74, and 59% in
      the Salmonella, E. coli, and both assays, respectively. We suggest that, for
      prescreening procedures with microbial assays, S. typhimurium strains TA98 and
      TA100 be included and the standard E. coli DNA polymerase-deficient assay be run
      in tandem with the Salmonella mutagenicity assay. When the standard E. coli DNA
      polymerase-deficient assay does not give interpretable results because of the
      lack of zones of growth inhibition, a modified assay with the use of liquid
      suspension should be performed.

PMID- 372657
TI  - In vitro mutagenicity assays of chemical carcinogens and related compounds with
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The mutagenic activity of 101 chemicals was studied with the use of the
      Salmonella typhimurium-microsome system described by Ames. The tester strains
      were TA1535, TA1536, TA1537, TA1538, TA98, and TA100. Assays were conducted in
      the presence and absence of a metabolic activation system prepared from the
      livers of randomly bred Sprague-Dawley rats that had been pretreated with Aroclor
      1254. The test chemicals were incorporated into the agar with bacteria and the
      metabolic activation system. Mutagens were defined as chemicals that induced a
      reproducible dose-related increase in the number of histidine-independent
      revertants. With the use of these procedures, 65% of the organic carcinogens and
      25% of the noncarcinogens were found to be mutagenic.

PMID- 372658
TI  - In vitro assays for recombinogenic activity of chemical carcinogens and related
      compounds with Saccharomyces cerevisiae D3.
AB  - A total of 101 carcinogens, noncarcinogens, metals, and promoters representing a
      wide variety of chemical classes was tested to determine whether they increased
      mitotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae D3. A metabolic activation
      system prepared from homogenates of livers from rats that had been pretreated
      with Aroclor 1254 (a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls) was incorporated in
      the assay procedure. All of the ultimate carcinogens (20/20) and 38% of the
      procarcinogens (18/48) increased mitotic recombination. Of the noncarcinogens 29%
      (6/21) also increased mitotic recombination. A improved metabolic activation
      procedure appears to be required to increase the probability of detecting
      procarcinogens by this method. The carcinogens thioacetamide, natulan, auramine,
      safrole, and 1'-hydroxysafrole increased mitotic recombination in S. cerevisiae
      D3 (the last compound was marginally positive), but they were negative in assays
      with Salmonella typhyimurium.

PMID- 372659
TI  - Mutagenic activity of chemical carcinogens and related compounds in the
      intraperitoneal host-mediated assay.
AB  - The mutagenic activities of 79 carcinogens, noncarcinogens, and structurally
      related compounds toward Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1530, TA1535, and
      TA1538 and toward Saccharomyces cerevisiae D3 were investigated in the
      intraperitoneal host-mediated assay. Fewer than half of the carcinogens were
      mutagenic toward the Salmonella strains. The insensitivity of the system was most
      marked with the aromatic amine and polycyclic hydrocarbon procarcinogens. Under
      the test conditions, fewer than 10% of the carcinogens showed clear mutagenic
      activity toward S. cerevisiae D3. However, none of the noncarcinogens was
      significantly mutagenic toward either S. typhimurium or S. cerevisiae D3.
      Overall, the intraperitoneal host-mediated assay does not seem suitable for
      routine preliminary screening of large numbers of potential carcinogens. The
      median lethal doses to mice of 46 compounds were determined.

PMID- 372660
TI  - Initial National Cancer Institute studies on mutagenesis as a prescreen for
      chemical carcinogens: an appraisal.
AB  - The efficacy of several in vitro and in vivo assays to detect carcinogens from a
      list of compounds was evaluated. Salmonella and polymerase A-deficient
      Escherichia coli in vitro were the most effective systems studied. Together they
      detected 82% of the organic carcinogens tested. Potential prescreening systems,
      which were thought to be currently insufficiently sensitive for the routine
      screening of potential carcinogens, included a) the development of resistance to
      thymidine overloading, methotrexate, and cytosine arabinoside by L5178y cells, b)
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae D3, c) the intraperitoneal host-mediated assay, and d)
      thymidine uptake as a reflection of DNA repair.

PMID- 372662
TI  - Medicine, medical science and health.

PMID- 372661
TI  - Genetic differences in metabolism of polycyclic aromatic carcinogens and aromatic
      amines by mouse liver microsomes. Detection by DNA binding of metabolites and by
      mutagenicity in histidine-dependent Salmonella typhimurium in vitro.

PMID- 372663
TI  - [Controlled clinical trial of three 6 month regimens of chemotherapy for
      pulmonary tuberculosis. (Report 2)--Results at one year after completing
      chemotherapy--(author's transl)].

PMID- 372664
TI  - [Profile: Toshiko Matsumoto. Chairman of the conference of the Wakayama
      Prefectural Chapter which is in high spirits because of successful opposition
      against the establishment of a hygiene and nursing course in a high school at the
      end of the last year].

PMID- 372665
TI  - [Sympathetic-adrenal system and ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 372666
TI  - [Aspects of the state of the cardiovascular system in adrenal diseases].

PMID- 372667
TI  - [Use of the aldosterone antagonist, canrenoate potassium for treating chronic
      circulatory insufficiency].
AB  - The results of studying the clinical effect of the diuretic soldacton and its
      effect on a number of indices of water-electrolyte metabolism are discussed. The
      drug was used in 16 patients with IIB--III stage of circulatory insufficiency. It
      was found that soldacton possesses a moderate diuretic and natriuretic effect and
      produces a potassium-preserving effect. The drug is effective in various initial
      concentrations of plasma aldosterone which does not change significantly under
      its effect. Soldacton promotes improvement of tolerance to cardiac glycosides and
      diminishes the risk of the development of digitalis intoxication.

PMID- 372669
TI  - [Absolute and relative volumes of the right ventricle normally and in
      pathological states measured by the dye dilution method].
AB  - In using the method of dye dilution improved by reflectometry by means of
      fibrooptic catheters the authors measured the volumes of the right ventricle in
      patients with hemodynamics close to normal, in patients with a tension load of
      the right ventricle, with a volumetric load, in decompensation and in
      pericarditis. The authors noted a constancy of the relative stroke volume in
      compensated work of the right ventricle (approximately 53%). They regard this
      index to be the criterion of normal pump function of the right ventricle. In
      deficiency of this function the relative stroke volume may be reduced by nearly
      half, to 28%.

PMID- 372668
TI  - [Use of Visken-15 for treating hypertension].
AB  - The hypotensive effect of visken-15, a blocking agent of the beta-adrenergic
      receptors, was studied in 7 patients with stage IB hypertensive disease, in 18
      with stage IIA, and in 8 patients with stage IIB under conditions of in- and out
      patient establishments. A favourable effect was produced in 81.5% of patients who
      were given one tablet of the drug once or twice a day. Treatment with visken-15
      led to a decrease in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure, in the rate
      of cardiac contractions, and in the blood minute volume at rest, in the
      orthostatic position, and during physical load. Visken-15 is marked by low
      toxicity, it is tolerated well and seldom causes side effects. The drug is
      recommended for the treatment of patients with early stages of hypertensive
      disease.

PMID- 372671
TI  - [Sergei Mikhailovich Slinchak (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 372670
TI  - Antibody-coated bacteria in persistent and recurrent urinary tract infections.

PMID- 372672
TI  - Pulmonary response to glass fiber by inhalation exposure.
AB  - Rats, hamsters, and guinea pigs were exposed to airborne glass fiber at a
      gravimetric concentration of 0.42 mg. per liter for 6 hours per day, 5 days per
      week for 90 days. The number of dust particles greater than 5 micron. in length
      was 0.73 x 10(6) per liter with an average diameter of approximately 1.2 micron.
      Most particles were less than 2 micron. in size and only 15% of the dust
      particles had a fibrous shape. Few fibers were longer than 10 micron. The
      pulmonary response was characterized by macrophage reaction with alveolar
      proteinosis at 90 days of inhalation. The light and ultrastructural alterations
      were similar to the other experimental or human alveolar proteinosis. The
      alveolar proteinosis disappeared at 1-year postexposure, but focal dust cell
      accumulation with proliferating granular pneumocytes persisted throughout the 2
      year recovery period. No significant fibrosis or stromal changes were found in
      the dust-deposited areas. In hamsters and guinea pigs, most ferruginous bodies
      were developed from fibrous fibers but not from tiny dust particles. The
      tracheobronchial lymph nodes were markedly swollen and laden with dust cells.

PMID- 372674
TI  - Catecholamine responses to orthostatic stimulation in anephric man.

PMID- 372673
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies of dense deposit disease. The presence of railroad
      tracks and mesangial rings.
AB  - Immunopathologic analysis was carried out on renal tissue from patients with
      membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, nine with type I and nine with type II
      (dense deposit disease). A specific finding in all patients with type II, but not
      type I, was the presence of C3 along the margin but not within the central
      portion of dense deposit material in the glomerular basement membrane giving a
      double linear appearance (railroad tracks); C3 was also present within the
      mesangium, outlining numerous circular structures (mesangial rings). By phase
      contrast, electron microscopy, and dual label fluorescence studies, the railroad
      tracks and mesangial rings were shown to outline dense deposit material.
      Mesangial rings contained properdin (four of nine patients); railroad tracks
      contained properdin (five of nine patients) and C4 (four of nine patients); no
      other complement components or immunoglobulins were present. Studies using
      rhodamine-conjugated rabbit antibody to human glomerular basement membrane
      demonstrated no reactivity with the dense deposit material itself. In type I and
      to a lesser extent in type II, granular deposits of C3, C4, properdin, IgM, and
      IgG were present along the glomerular basement membrane, suggesting that immune
      complexes play a role in both diseases. Dense deposit transformation of the
      glomerular basement membrane may be a consequence of a highly specific injury.

PMID- 372675
TI  - Microradioisotopic techniques for the detection of antibody to adherent target
      cells in tissue culture.

PMID- 372677
TI  - The computerized clinical laboratory printout as a clinician continuing education
      tool.

PMID- 372676
TI  - Povidone-iodine in peritonitis. I. Adverse effects of local instillation in
      experimental E, coli peritonitis.

PMID- 372679
TI  - Yellow fever in Tennessee in 1878: Part III.

PMID- 372678
TI  - Yellow fever in Tennessee in 1878. Part II.

PMID- 372680
TI  - Benjamin Ward Avent (1812-1878).

PMID- 372681
TI  - John Henry Erskine, M.D. (1834-1878).

PMID- 372682
TI  - Robert Wood Mitchell, M.D.(1831-1903).

PMID- 372683
TI  - Gustavus Brown Thornton, M.D. (1835-1914).

PMID- 372684
TI  - Effect of donor bronchial length on healing: a canine model to evaluate bronchial
      anastomotic problems in lung transplantation.
AB  - Bronchial anastomotic complications in lung transplantation in man remain a major
      cause of failure. To study this problem in a canine model, we varied the length
      of the distal bronchial component in three groups of dogs that underwent hilar
      stripping, bronchial transection, and reanastomosis, The distal bronchial
      component was thus analogous to the donor in a transplanted lung. Anastomoses
      were performed, respectively, at the level of the main carina (long single
      anastomosis), at the midpoint between the main carina and the bifurcation of the
      left main-stem bronchus (short single anastomosis), and just distal to the
      bifurcation of the left main-stem bronchus (lobar anastomosis). Bronchial
      anastomotic damage and necrosis were evaluated by periodic examination with a
      fiberoptic bronchoscope and by gross and microscopic examination at sacrifice on
      the seventh postoperative day. The long single anastomoses demonstrated the most
      necrosis, and the labor anastomoses showed the least. The short single
      anastomoses showed an intermediate degree of damage. These findings support the
      hypothesis that shortening the distal or donor bronchial component reduces
      anastomotic damage, probably because of better pulmonary-to-bronchial collateral
      blood supply. This study provides a canine model by which to examine bronchial
      anastomotic complicatons and demonstrates the feasibility of performing labor
      anastomoses as a means for decreasing bronchial anastomotic problems in lung
      transplantation.

PMID- 372685
TI  - Surgical management of congenital vascular rings.
AB  - Case histories of 53 patients with surgically treated vascular rings are
      presented. The diagnosis was strongly suggested in all patients by symptoms of
      tracheosophageal obstruction and was confirmed by barium esophagogram, which
      showed typical bilateral and posterior indentations in the esophagus. Angiography
      was rarely used although it is helpful in doubtful cases. Endoscopic studies were
      considered unnecessary and potentially harmful. A left posterolateral thoractomy
      afforded ample access for division of the ring in all patients. Two patients died
      who were operated upon during the early experience. There were no postoperative
      deaths among the last 45 consecutive patients. All survivors had excellent
      symptomatic relief although complete resolution of symptoms took several months
      in some patients. All survivors had excellent symptomatic relief although
      complete resolution of symptoms took several months in some patients. The
      importance of early diagnosis and prompt surgical division is emphasized.

PMID- 372686
TI  - New technique for repair of posterior left ventricular rupture.
AB  - A case is presented of posterior left ventricular rupture occurring from
      resection of intramyocardial calcification during mitral valve replacement. The
      laceration was obvious on the operating table with discontinuation of
      cardiopulmonary bypass, but attempts at simple closure with buttressd sutures
      were unsuccessful. The ventricular defect was repaired by insertion of a low
      porosity Dacron graft. A saphenous vein bypass graft was also placed between the
      aorta and circumflex coronary artery.

PMID- 372687
TI  - The intestinal stoma: indications, operative methods, care, rehabilitation.

PMID- 372688
TI  - The life story of Wilhelm Ebstein (1836-1912) and his almost overlooked
      description of a congenital heart disease.

PMID- 372689
TI  - Ebstein's disease.

PMID- 372690
TI  - Series on pharmacology in practice: 1. Drugs that alter mood. I. Tricyclic agents
      and monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AB  - In the last 20 years, the treatment of mood disorders has advanced immeasurably.
      We now have relatively safe and effective agents for the treatment of depression
      and mania. This review discusses two types of agents that elevate mood--tricyclic
      antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors--including the indications for
      their use and their modes of action, pharmacokinetics, side effects, and drug
      interactions.

PMID- 372691
TI  - Pharmacology in Maryland through 1925.

PMID- 372692
TI  - Health status index: category rating versus magnitude estimation for measuring
      levels of well-being.
AB  - Levels of Well-Being are social preferences, or weights that members of society
      associate with time-specific states of function. A Weighted Life Expectancy,
      which can be used to measure program outputs, is created by summing the levels
      across diverse cases and multiplying them by probable transitions (prognoses)
      among the states and levels. This operation requires however, that the Levels of
      Well-Being be measured on underlying metric scale. The present analysis compares
      preference measurements from a simple category rating procedure with those
      obtained using the more complex and difficult magnitude estimation method which
      has been claimed to yield ratio level measures. In a randomly counterbalanced
      design, 65 college students rated 30 case descriptions representing the range of
      the Well-Being continuum. The results exhibit the classical logarithmic relation
      observed for a prothetic continua. When transformed to a meaningful 0-1 unit
      scale, however, the magnitude responses are compressed at the lower end of the
      scale near death. Such results are inconsistent not only with category rating,
      but also with intuitive notions of the relative importance of the function
      states, with the results of rating procedures that simulate social choice, and
      with evidence that confirms the interval properties of the category ratings
      themselves. Furthermore, the ease of administration of category rating means that
      multiple attributes of cases can be considered jointly, avoiding the need to
      aggregate scale values for different attributes by arbitrary rules. In sum,
      magnitude estimation is inappropriate as a measurement method for a Health Status
      Index and is probably also inappropriate for other measures of utility and social
      choice.

PMID- 372693
TI  - [Determinacion of islet-cell antibodies in different groups of diabetics
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The discovery of islet-cell antibodies (ICA) has served to reinforce the theory
      that the pathogenesis of diabetes is immunologic. These antibodies have been
      found in the serum of diabetics who also had other autoimmune diseases and in
      that of most insulin dependent diabetics. ICA were detected by an indirect
      immunofluorescent technique using human pancreas tissue as a substrate. In this
      study two human islet cell adenomas were employed; their cell composition was
      analyzed by means of this technique with antihormone antibodies marked with
      fluorescein. Serum from 74 diabetic patients and 45 normal controls were studied
      using this substrate. Twenty-three of the 56 insulin-dependent diabetics were in
      the first clinical stage of the disease; 18 of them (78%) were positive for ICA.
      The other 33 insulin-dependent diabetics had the disease for over 3 years; six of
      these (36%) were positive. Anticellular antibodies were detected also in two of
      the 18 patients who were not insulin-dependent (5%). There was only one case of
      positivity among the controls (2%). These figures are similar to those of
      previous studies. It has been shown that the incidence of islet-cell antibodies
      drops rapidly after the fifth week of the disease; it depends primarily on the
      stage of development and has little to do with the age of the patient at the
      onset of the disease. Knowledge about these antibodies makes it easier to
      classify diabetics and to arrive at a prognosis regarding possible later insulin
      dependence. These antibodies may be a consequence or even the cause of the
      destruction of the pancreatic islets provoked by a viral infection and perhaps
      determined by a predisposing genetic factor.

PMID- 372694
TI  - [A study of the alveolar-arterial oxygen gradients and intrapulmonary shunt under
      the action of NAB-365, a new exogenous catecholamine of selective beta-2 action
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Thirty patients were studied using NAB-365 (clenbuterol), an exogenous
      catecholamine with selective beta-2 action to determine various parameters of
      pulmonary physiopathology. They included: alveolar-arterial gradients in partial
      oxygen pressures, coefficient of respiratory inefficacy, alveolar ventilation,
      and intrapulmonary venoarterial short circuits. By studying these parameters
      before and after clinical administration of clenbuterol we were able to
      demonstrate a decrease in the alveolar-arterial oxygen gradients (p less than
      0.001), decrease in the respiratory inefficacy coefficient (p less than 0.001),
      increase in alveolar ventilation (p less than 0.001), and a shunt decrease (p
      less than 0.0025). The drug improves diffusion and oxygenation without affecting
      the adrenergic cardiac receptors.

PMID- 372695
TI  - Acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 372696
TI  - Recurrent ventricular tachycardia: an electrophysiologic approach.

PMID- 372697
TI  - [Hyperthermia in malignant neoplasms--a review].

PMID- 372698
TI  - McCreadie Travelling Scholarship tour report. Aims to improve continence in spina
      bifida.

PMID- 372699
TI  - Looking back - my first case.

PMID- 372700
TI  - The rhinologist and the management of pituitary disease.
AB  - Since the early days of pituitary surgery, a variety of transnasal approaches
      have been used to gain access to the sella turcica. Each of these approaches
      requires crossing the sphenoid sinus, hence the transsphenoidalnoidal designation
      of these methods. Since the growth and refinement of microsurgery as a distinct
      surgical discipline, there has been a coincidental maturation of transsphenoidal
      microsurgical techniques for the management of a variety of pituitary disorders.
      The present paper reviews the historical events leading to the current methods of
      transphenoidal pituitary surgery. Detailed descriptions of each method are given,
      with the advantages and disadvantages of each. The author's method is described
      and illustrated in a step-by-step manner, and the criteria which determine
      operability by transsphenoidal versus transfrontal craniotomy are discussed. The
      advantages which transsphenoidal techniques offer over transfrontal methods are
      emphasized. The paper deals with pituitary disorders on a clinical and
      pathological basis. The work-up of pituitary lesions is discussed, with a
      detailed presentation of the endocrine evaluation. Further emphasis is given to
      the value of tomography of the sphenosellar complex in planning operative
      approaches for removal of pituitary lesions, particularly when the lesion is a so
      called "microadenoma," producing no obvious expansion nor erosion of the cellar
      floor. The author's experience in the management of 125 lesions of the pituitary
      or associated sella turcica is presented and complications are discussed. Because
      of the relatively brief period of follow-up, no conclusive evidence can be
      offered regarding cures in the author's series. However, on the basis of reported
      experience by others working in the same area, one may expect acceptable long
      term improvement or cures in selected pituitary lesions operated on by
      transshpenoidal methods. The team management of pituitary disorders is stressed.
      In particular, emphasis is given to the contributions which the current day
      otorhinolaryngologist can make, because of his knowledge and experience in
      rhinological and microsurgical techniques. There is no other surgical specialty
      so uniquely qualified to provide operative treatment of pituitary lesions using
      transsphenoidal surgical pathways.

PMID- 372701
TI  - Flap reconstruction in patients with head and neck cancer: techniques and
      results.
AB  - Patients who are treated by surgery, radiotherapy, or any combination thereof may
      suffer from complications in wound healing or tumor recurrence which necessitate
      reconstruction of repair utilizing tissue brought in from other parts of the
      body. The majority of patients, who required flap reconstruction for primary
      repair or for a complication of their surgery, had their primary lesion in the
      supraglottic larynx or inferior hypopharynx. More than two-thirds of the flaps
      elevated were for fistula repair. Five year survival in this group of patients
      was lower than in those patients with uncomplicated postoperative courses,
      although the quality of life for the survivors in both groups was not
      significantly different.

PMID- 372702
TI  - The forehead flap for mucosal resurfacing.

PMID- 372703
TI  - Symposium: adjuvant cancer therapy of head and neck tumors.

PMID- 372704
TI  - Split thickness skin grafting in canaloplasty for acquired ear atresia.

PMID- 372705
TI  - Malpractice is an inevitable result of chiropractic philosophy and training.

PMID- 372706
TI  - California's king of cosmetic surgery.

PMID- 372707
TI  - [At the occasion of 3 anniversaries].

PMID- 372708
TI  - [Fifty years since the founding of the School of Public Health "Andrija
      Stampar"].

PMID- 372709
TI  - [Twenty years after the death of Andrija Stampar (author's transl)].

PMID- 372711
TI  - [List of publications on the School of Public Health in Zagreb].

PMID- 372710
TI  - [Andrija Stampar--an approach to medicine (author's transl)].

PMID- 372712
TI  - [Chronological list of publications by Andrija Stampar].

PMID- 372713
TI  - [Prognosis and treatment of diabetic glomerulosclerosis].

PMID- 372714
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of medullary aplasia in adults].

PMID- 372715
TI  - [Current methods of study of circulating immune complexes].

PMID- 372716
TI  - [Carpipramine as treatment of inhibition].

PMID- 372718
TI  - Biogenic amine hypotheses of affective disorders.

PMID- 372719
TI  - Serum gonadotropins and progesterone in proestrous hamsters compared to hamsters
      infused with LH-RH.

PMID- 372717
TI  - Kainic acid: neurophysiological and neurotoxic actions.

PMID- 372720
TI  - [Radiation lesions of the heart and pericardium].

PMID- 372721
TI  - [Democratism of the Soviet system of social security].

PMID- 372722
TI  - [Automation of the determination of cardiac output by means of 4-electrode
      rheocardiography].
AB  - A method of cardiac output determination is described, based on automatic
      processing of the differential rheogram and arterial pressure traces, by a
      computer algorithm. All variable parameters of the rated formula are defined
      automatically. The method provides highly precise and rapid definition of the
      cardiac output.

PMID- 372723
TI  - [Laser correlation spectrometer for immunological and virological analyses].
AB  - A correlative laser spectrometer is recommended to record the immunologic
      reactions and differentiate the virus particles. The correlator used in this
      spectrometer is of the three-bit type; it measures the base line and allows
      preliminary signal processing. The correlative laser spectrometer is designed for
      application in clinical diagnostic laboratories.

PMID- 372724
TI  - [Automated system of medical examination data processing].
AB  - To solve some problems concerning practical and experimental medicine, an
      automatic system was elaborated for processing the medical examination data. The
      core of the system is the NAIRY-2 computer. All the problems to be solved were
      divided into four groups, according to the software management: those, concerned
      with archival storage and acquisition of data about the patients' state; on
      formation of visual (graphic) presentation of the data contained in perforated
      documents; on diagnosis and prognoses, according to clinical and physiological
      data through the use of an applied program package; and those to be programmed by
      the user, in accordance with standard and additional software of the NAIRI-2.

PMID- 372725
TI  - [Cardiosynchronized means of treatment and diagnosis].
AB  - Diverse ways of a cardiophased action on the cardio-vascular system for
      therapeutic and diagnostic purposes are assessed. Requirements for the basic
      subunits of the assisted circulation apparatus to be met, the possibilities open
      for developing automatic cardiosynchronization systems, and also features
      peculiar to the synchronization mode in effecting coronarography and conditions
      necessary for implementation of the method for elective introduction of liquid
      agents into the supravalvular space of the aorta are discussed.

PMID- 372726
TI  - [Double-blind study in patients with alcoholic toxic fatty liver. Effect of
      essential phospholipids on enzyme behavior and lipid composition of the serum].

PMID- 372727
TI  - [Pyritinol in the ambulatory geriatric patient. A placebo controled combined
      study].

PMID- 372728
TI  - [Mitochondrial antibodies in liver diseases].

PMID- 372729
TI  - [Functional status of the reproductive system in anorexia nervosa].

PMID- 372730
TI  - [Effect of the bronchospasmolytic agent Repreterol on the blood glucose level in
      diabetics].

PMID- 372731
TI  - [Treatment of angina pectoris (III)].

PMID- 372732
TI  - [New developments in the x-ray diagnosis of parenchymal kidney diseases].

PMID- 372733
TI  - [Double-blind study of naftidrofuryl-hydrogen oxalate in peripheral arterial
      occlusive disease].

PMID- 372734
TI  - Immobilized enzymes in biochemical analysis.

PMID- 372735
TI  - Separation and quantitation of peptides and amino acids in normal human urine.

PMID- 372736
TI  - Plasmid replication functions. II. Cloning analysis of the repA replication
      region of antibiotic resistance plasmid R6-5.
AB  - R6-5 is a low copy number, conjugative, FII incompatibility group plasmid that
      has a molecular length of 102 kb and that specifies resistance against several
      antibiotics (chloramphenicol, fusidic acid, kanamycin, streptomycin and
      sulphonamide) and mercury salts. By means of in vitro cloning procedures, mini
      plasmids have been generated that contain a DNA segment from the essential region
      of R6-5 that is only 2.6 kb in length. This DNA segment, which consists of two
      PstI fragments that are adjacent in the parent plasmid, carries all genes and
      sequences required for the regulated replication and incompatibility properties
      of R6-5, including its origin of replication, OriV, an essential function that
      has been designated RepA, and the copy control function, Cop. Three different
      polypeptides, having monomer molecular weights of 23,000, 10,000 and 9,500
      daltons, are synthesized in detectable quantities by minicells carrying pBR322
      hybrid plasmids that contain DNA segments from the R6-5 essential region. A
      spontaneous deletion derivative of a pBR322 hybrid plasmid that carries the R6-5
      origin of replication was isolated. Heteroduplex analysis of this derivative
      plasmid indicates that the deleted DNA segment carries the R6-5 replication
      origin and that its termini consist of short inverted repeat sequences.

PMID- 372737
TI  - Inserted sequence in the mitochondrial 23S ribosomal RNA gene of the yeast
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The sequence organization of the yeast mit-DNA region carrying the large
      ribosomal RNA gene and the polar locus omega was examined. Hybridization studies
      using rho- deletion mutants and electron microscopy of the heteroduplexes formed
      between 23S rRNA and the appropriate restriction fragments, lead to the
      conclusion that the 23S rRNA1 gene of the omega+ strains is split by an insertion
      sequence of 1,000-1,100 bp. In contrast, no detactable insertion was found in the
      23S rRNA gene of the omega- strains. The size and the location of the insert
      found in the 23S rRNA gene of the omega+ strains appear to be identical to those
      of the sequence delta which had previously been found to characterize the
      difference (at the omega locus) between the mitDNA of the wild type strains
      carrying the omega+ or omega- alleles (Jacq et al., 1977).

PMID- 372738
TI  - Plasmid replication functions. III. Origin and direction of replication of a
      "mini" plasmid derived from R6-5.
AB  - Replicating DNA molecules of the mini R6-5 plasmid, pKTO71, were purified by
      equilibrium centrifugation in two successive ethidium bromide-caesium chloride
      gradients, converted to linear forms by cleavage with either HindIII or BglII
      restriction endonuclease, and examined in the electron microscope. Determination
      of the replication fork positions in 65 replicating molecules demonstrated that
      replication is initiated at a unique location on the plasmid and that it proceeds
      uni-directionally from this site. The direction of replication is such that the
      origin-proximal BglII cleavage site is replicated late or, in the case of the
      parent R6-5 plasmid, is such that the R-determinant region of the molecule is
      replicated early. The origin of replication, located by these experiments at R6-5
      coordinate 98.6 kb, is clearly distinct from that of the R6-5 incompatibility
      determinant which has been shown to be located on an adjacent PstI-generated DNA
      fragment whose termini have R6-5 coordinates 96.8 and 97.9 kb. This result
      indicates that the incompatibility function is not an origin DNA sequence.

PMID- 372740
TI  - Studies of viable T4 bacteriophage containing cytosine-substituted DNA (T4dC
      phage). II. Cleavage of T4dC DNA by endonuclease SalI and bam HI.
AB  - Digestion of non-glucosylated and cytosine-substituted T4 phage (T4dC) DNA with
      SalI restriction endonuclease showed that the DNA had nine SalI-sensitive sites.
      There were eight SalI sites in DNA from a strain which had a deletion in the rII
      denB-ndd region. The comparison of two digestion patterns indicated that one of
      the SalI-sensitive sites was present in the deleted region and that the SalI-F
      fragments (8.4 x 10(6) daltons) was located adjacent to the SalI-C or SalI-D
      fragments (15.5 x 10(6) daltons) on the T4 chromosome. The DNA gave no detectable
      cleavage product when digested with BamHI endonuclease alone, while, when
      digested successively with BamHI and SalI, the DNA yielded two new digestion
      products in place of one fragment formed by SalI alone. The BamHI-sensitive site
      was in the SalI-A fragment (25.2 x 10(6) daltons). The usefulness of this
      information for making cleavage maps of T4 phage chromosome is discussed.

PMID- 372739
TI  - Introduction of an active enzyme into permeable cells of Escherichia coli:
      acquisition of ultraviolet light resistance by uvr mutants on introduction of T4
      endonuclease V.
AB  - Plasmolysed cells of Escherichia coli N212 (uvr A recA) acquired ultraviolet
      resistance when the cells were exposed to high concentrations of T4 endonuclease
      V. With increasing concentrations of T4 enzyme, survivals of plasmolysed cells
      after ultraviolet irradiation increased while colony-forming ability of
      unirradiated plasmolysed cells was not significantly affected by the enzyme
      treatment. Under appropriate conditions more than 200 fold increase in survivals
      was observed. When plasmolysed cells were treated with a pre-heated enzyme
      preparation or enzyme fractions derived from T4v1 (endonuclease V-deficient
      mutant)-infected cells, only little or no reactivation took place.
      Permeabilization of cells prior to the enzyme treatment was essential for the
      effective reactivation. Treatment of intact cells with the T4 enzyme did not
      cause any reactivation. Cells treated with 20 mM EGTA or 50 mM CaCl2 in cold were
      reactivated to certain extents by the enzyme, but the extents of the reactivation
      were far less compared to those of plasmolysed cells. Plasmolysed cells of
      strains carrying a mutation in one of uvrA, uvrB and uvrC genes were reactivated
      by introduction of T4 endonuclease V, as was the uvrA recA double mutant. UvrD
      mutants were also reactivated, but rather slightly. However, wild type strain as
      well as strains having a mutation in recA or polA gene were not reactivated. From
      these results it was suggested that T4 endonuclease V, taken up into permeable
      cells, can function in vivo to replace defective functions, which are controlled
      by the uvr genes. The conditions established in the present study may be used for
      introduction of other proteins into viable bacterial cells.

PMID- 372742
TI  - The use of sym-triazine trichloride in RNA-protein cross-linking studies with
      Escherichia coli ribosomal subunits.
AB  - The reagent sym-triazine trichloride is used as a bifunctional reagent to
      generate RNA-protein cross-links within intact ribosomal subunits from E. coli.
      The reaction takes place in a stepwise manner, involving substitution of one
      chlorine atom at 12 degrees and pH 8, and substitution of the second at 40
      degrees and pH 6. The cross-linked proteins are analysed by two-dimensional
      electrophoresis, and the existence of a stable cross-linkage is demonstrated by
      isolating protein-oligonucleotide complexes from 32P-labelled subunits. The
      proteins cross-linked are S3 and S4 in the 30S subunit, and L2 in the large
      subunit, together with smaller amounts of other proteins. The reagent should
      prove useful in topographical studies of the E. coli ribosome as it is a rigid
      molecule and generates very short cross-links.

PMID- 372741
TI  - Degradation of Escherichia coli DNA: evidence for limitation in vivo by protein
      X, the recA gene product.
AB  - DNA is more extensively degraded after it is damaged in recA mutants of E. coli
      than in wild type cells. All data presented here are consistent with the recA
      gene product, protein X, being an inhibitor of nalidixic acid induced degradation
      of the bulk DNA (but not of newly replicated DNA). Production of protein X also
      is correlated with appearance of various "S.O.S." repair functions. Evidence was
      obtained by comparing the rates of protein X synthesis and solubilization of
      uniformly-labeled DNA in intact cells, incubated in the presence of nalidixic
      acid. A set of mutants at the lexA locus produced protein X at different rates
      and degraded their DNA at rates which were inversely correlated to their rates of
      protein X production. A low concentration of rifampicin quite specifically
      inhibited protein X production by wild type E. coli, and allowed more rapid DNA
      degradation. After the DNA was damaged by the incubation of cells in the presence
      of nalidixic acid, cells preloaded with protein X degraded their DNA more slowly.
      We propose that protein X could protect DNA against degradation by binding to
      single-stranded regions, thereby inhibiting nuclease action.

PMID- 372743
TI  - Inhibition of growth by imidazol(on)e propionic acid: evidence in vivo for
      coordination of histidine catabolism with the catabolism of other amino acids.
AB  - Imidazole propionic acid (ipa), a gratuitous inducer of the histidine-utilization
      (hut) system in Salmonella typhimurium, inhibits the organism's growth on
      succinate minimal medium. Induction of the hut system is necessary, but not
      sufficient, to cause inhibition. A study of the ability of single amino acids to
      relieve ipa-restricted growth suggests that insufficient glutamate is the cause
      of slow growth. The inhibition of growth by imidazolone propionic acid (iopa), an
      intermediate in the catabolism of histidine to glutamate, is similar to that by
      ipa. Studies using 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride plates to examine amino
      acid catabolism suggest that accumulation of ipa or iopa leads to inactivation of
      aspartate amino-transferase (AAT). This interpretation is supported by studies of
      an Escherichia coli mutant lacking AAT. The mutant grows poorly on succinate
      minimal medium, and the poor growth is relieved by the same amino acids that
      relieve ipa- and iopa-restricted growth. These and other findings are discussed
      in terms of coordination of the histidine-utilization system with enzymatic
      activities involved in the catabolism of other amino acids.

PMID- 372744
TI  - X-ray sensitivity of Escherichia coli lysogenic for bacteriophage P2.
AB  - Strains of Escherichia coli C or K lysogenic for the non-inducible phage P2 show
      a lower survival following X-ray irradiation as compared to nonlysogenic strains.
      This difference in X-ray sensitivity is not accompanied by a significant
      difference in X-ray induced mutability. The capacity of X-irradiated P2 lysogens
      to multiply any of a number of unirradiated infecting phages is severely
      impaired. These effects of X-ray treatment can be most simply explained as a
      consequence of the fact that protein and RNA syntheses are strongly inhibited in
      P2 lysogens after X-irradiation. All the above events specifically occurring in X
      rayed P2 lysogens are dependent on the P2 gene old.

PMID- 372745
TI  - Regulation of RNA synthesis in yeast. III. Synthesis during the cell cycle.
AB  - Centrifugal elutriation was used to separate cells in different stages of the
      cell cycle from a culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in balanced exponential
      growth. The rate of DNA and RNA synthesis was determined using a pulse--long-term
      label technique that is capable of distinguishing between exponential, linear,
      and periodic variations in the rate of synthesis through the cell cycle. It was
      found that while the rate of DNA synthesis varies periodically through the cell
      cycle, the rate of synthesis of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA increases exponentially
      through the cell cycle. The implications of these findings for the control of RNA
      synthesis are discussed.

PMID- 372746
TI  - Genetics of ribosomal protein methylation in Escherichia coli. III. Map position
      of two genes, prmA and prmB, governing methylation of proteins L11 and L3.
AB  - Two genes governing ribosomal protein methylation have been located on the map of
      Escherichia coli by conjugation and transduction crosses between wild-type and
      prm (protein methylation) mutants. The Prm phenotype of recombinants was
      determined by an in vitro assay of methylgroups incorporation into protein. Gene
      prmA, governing methylation of protein L11 is situated at minute 71 on the map
      and is cotransduced with aroE (30%) and with rpsL (5%). Gene prmB, governing
      methylation of protein L3 is at minute 50, very close to aroC (98.5% co
      transduction). A cold-sensitive phenotype was found associated with mutation prmB
      and was used to score a large number of recombinants in a three factor cross. The
      results of this cross suggest the order aroC -prmB - purF. The striking
      symmetrical clustering of aro, prm and rim (ribosome maturation) genes is
      discussed.

PMID- 372747
TI  - Analysis of rpsD mutations in Escherichia coli. I. Comparison of mutants with
      various alterations in ribosomal protein S4.
AB  - Streptomycin-independent revertants were selected from streptomycin-dependent
      mutants. Twenty-five out of 150 such revertants were temperature sensitive.
      Ribosomal proteins from 18 temperature-sensitive and 10 temperature-insensitive
      revertants were analysed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Seventeen of
      the former but none of the latter category showed an alteration of protein S4.
      The mutated rpsD allele of 6 temperature-sensitive revertants was transduced into
      a rpsL+ strain. In all cases an increased suppressibility of T4 amber phages was
      observed. Such suppressibility was not observed in the original rpsD, rpsL
      strains. All 18 temperature-sensitive mutants were disturbed in the processing of
      17s to 16s RNA at non-permissive temperature and the accumulated 17s RNA was
      degraded. Temperature-insensitive rpsD revertants could be isolated, which had
      gained a second alteration in S4. Such revertants, which had lost the temperature
      sensitive property, were also unable to suppress growth of T4 amber phages. It is
      concluded that temperature-sensitive growth, inability to process 17s RNA and to
      assemble 30S ribosomes at non-permissive temperature as well as increased
      translational ambiguity are highly correlated properties in rpsD mutants.

PMID- 372748
TI  - Analysis of rpsD mutations in Escherichia coli. II. Physiology of some
      representative mutants.
AB  - The effects of ribosomal ambiguity mutations (ram A-) on the assembly of
      ribosomal 30S subunits in Escherichia coli were studied in some representative
      mutant strains. It was found that the inability of these strains to produce
      active 30S subunits at nonpermissive temperatures is correlated with a halt in
      the accumulation of protein S4. It is demonstrated that 30S-precursor particles
      lacking this protein accumulate and break down at nonpermissive temperatures and
      that most of the 30S proteins as well as the 17S RNA constituting these particles
      are similarly unstable. These findings are discussed and related to the finding
      that merodiploid strains containing genes for both mutant and wild type protein
      S4 do not accumulate the mutant form of the protein. Experiments indicating that
      ribosomal precursor particles are associated with polysomes are presented. The
      implications of these findings are discussed and it is suggested that the
      assembly of ribosomes is tightly coupled to the synthesis of ribosomal proteins.

PMID- 372749
TI  - Analysis of rpsD mutations in Escherichia coli. III. Effects of rpsD mutations on
      expression of some ribosomal protein genes.
AB  - Relative rates of production and steady state levels of ribosomal proteins were
      determined in a temperature sensitive rpsD (S4) mutant of Escherichia coli. Some
      proteins (S4, S12, S13) were overproduced in the mutant at permissive temperature
      but steady state levels of all examined ribosomal proteins were normal. In a
      rpsD+/rpsD+ homodiploid strain the relative rates of production of ribosomal
      proteins were not affected by the increased gene dose. In a rpsD+/rpsD
      heterodiploid strain only wild type, but not mutant S4, was found. In such a
      strain S4, S7, S12 and probably S13 is overproduced. It is implied that S4 is
      involved in the regulation of expression of proximal genes of the two
      transcriptional units including the genes coding for S4 itself and S12,
      respectively. A degradation system for ribosomal proteins, which is rapid enough
      to be of regulatory significance, is demonstrated.

PMID- 372750
TI  - W-reactivation of phage lambda in recF, recL, uvrA, and uvrB mutants of E. coli K
      12.
AB  - W-reactivation is reduced by recF143 and recF144 mutations and is undetectable if
      a second mutation at either the uvrA or uvrB locus is combined with recF143. The
      uvrA and uvrB mutations alone block W-reactivation partially. A recL152 mutation
      also partially blocks W-reactivation by itself. In combination with a uvrB5
      mutation, recL125 blocks W-reactivation completely but in combination with
      recF143, significant residual W-reactivation ability remains. We suggest that the
      phenomenon of W-reactivation is the result of at least two modes or pathways. The
      observation that recF143 uvrB5 and recF143 uvrA6 strains permit normal levels of
      mutagenesis (Kato et al., 1977) but completely block all W-reactivation leads us
      to suggest further that the mechanism(s) of W-reactivation is at least partly
      different from that of UV mutagenesis.

PMID- 372751
TI  - Deletion mapping of the ilvGOEDAC genes of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A set of lambdadilv phage has been examined that carry overlapping segments of
      isoleucine-valine structural and regulatory genes derived from the ilv cluster at
      83 min on the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome. The ilv genes present in these
      phage, and their order, have been determined by transduction of auxotrophs,
      escape synthesis, and deletion mapping. The order of ilv genes in the phage, and
      hence the order in the host chromosome, was found to be ilvG-ilvO-ilvEDA-ilvC.
      Lysogens containing lambdadilv phage were constructed for dominance analysis of
      regulatory mutations in the ilvO and ilvA genes. The ilvO671 allele is cis
      dominant to ilvO+, while the ilvA538 allele is trans-recessive to ilvA+. Thus,
      the ilvO gene, that is identified by cis-dominant regulatory mutations that
      result in increased ilvG and ilvEDA expression, is situated between and may be
      contiguous with ilvG and ilvEDA.

PMID- 372752
TI  - Mutations affecting the formation of acetohydroxy acid synthase II in Escherichia
      coli K-12.
AB  - Genetic mapping experiments have established that two recently isolated valine
      resistant mutants of the K-12 strain of Escherichia coli have lesions lying
      between ilvE and rbs. These lesions allowed expression of the ilvG gene,
      specifying the valine-insensitive acetohydroxy acid synthase (synthase II) and an
      increased expression of the ilvEDA operon. In this respect, they resembled an
      earlier described ilvO lesion that was reported to lie between ilvA and ilvC. All
      three lesions were cis-dominant in cis-trans tests. Reexamination of the earlier
      studied ilvO lesion revealed that it, too, lies between ilvE and rbs. Valine
      sensitive derivatives with lesions presumed to be in ilvG were selected from each
      of the valine-resistant strains. In two of the valine-resistant strains, the ilvG
      mutations were on the rbs side of ilvO, indicating a gene order rbs-ilvG-ilvO
      ilvE-ilvD-ilvA-ilvC. In one of the recently isolated valine-resistant stocks,
      however, the apparent ilvG mutation was found to be between ilvE and the aline
      resistance marker. This finding suggests that either ilvO and ilvG mutations are
      interspersed or there is another locus, ilvR, that behaves phenotypically like
      ilvO and which lies between ilvG and rbs.

PMID- 372753
TI  - Mutants of Escherichia coli defective in the degradation of guanosine 5'
      triphosphate, 3'-diphosphate (pppGpp).
AB  - A new class of mutants of E. coli exhibiting altered metabolism of ppGpp and
      pppGpp has been isolated, and mapped at a locus designated gpp, near min 83 on
      the genetic map. These mutants accumulate elevated levels of pppGpp during amino
      acid starvation or carbon source downshift, and exhibit a reduced rate of pppGpp
      degradation in vivo. The in vitro evidence suggests that the gpp mutants are
      defective in a 5'-nucleotidase, which specifically hydrolyzes pppGpp to ppGpp.
      Certain combinations of gpp and spoT mutations are inviable. A gpp spoT double
      mutant, constructed by employing a leaky spoT mutation, was found to have a
      slower rate of pppGpp degradation than the gpp mutant alone. This result
      indicates that spoT also participates in pppGpp degradation. The inviability of
      certain gpp spoT combinations is attributed to the inability of the double
      mutants to degrade pppGpp. This is supported by the observation that selection
      for increased growth rate on the double mutant results in the recovery of relA
      mutations. Various effects of the gpp mutation upon the pppGpp and ppGpp pools
      provide additional support for a scheme in which pppGpp is the major precursor of
      ppGpp.

PMID- 372754
TI  - Investigations of the F conjugation gene traI:traI mutants and lambdatraI
      transducing phages.
AB  - A series of traI point and deletion mutants of Flac, and a traM mutant, were
      characterised. Complementation tests with an amber Flac traI mutant confirmed
      their genotypes, and in addition all the traI mutants, but not the traM mutant,
      were complemented by pRS31 (PSC101 traDI) and EDlambda109 (lambdatraI). Judging
      from the efficiencies of plating of F-specific phages, none of the mutations
      affected pilus formation. The traI products of F and of the F-like plasmid R1
      were interchangeable with each other but not with that of R100, while the traM
      product of F could not be replaced by those of R1 or of R100. Neither traI nor
      traM were needed for conjugal transfer of ColE1. Three lambda transducing phages
      carrying traI were isolated by in vivo or in vitro techniques, and characterised
      by genetic complementation tests, by analysis of the fragments produced by
      restriction endonucleases, and by measurement of heteroduplex molecules. The
      genetic structures together with the sizes and F coordinates, of the transfer
      regions carried by the phages were thereby determined. Comparison of the proteins
      synthesised in UV-irradiated cells by one of the lambdatraI phages with those
      made by a derivative carrying an amber traI mutation, allowed the traI product to
      be identified as a protein of molecular weight 174,000. In addition, the
      molecular weights of the traD (84,000), traS (18,000), and traT (25,000) products
      made by the lambdatraSTD1 phage EDlambda107 were measured. The possible roles of
      the traI and traM products in conjugation are discussed.

PMID- 372755
TI  - Genetic organization of the E. coli chromosome around the structural gene for
      initiation factor IF3 (infC).
AB  - A set of lambda transducing phages carrying varying lengths of the E. coli
      chromosome around the structural gene for initiation factor IF3 (infC) was
      derived from lambda p2 which is known to carry, besides infC, the structural
      genes for the alpha subunit of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (pheS), the beta
      subunit of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (pheT) and the structural gene for
      threonyl-tRNA synthetase (thrS). The E. coli coding content of these derived
      phages was analysed by genetic complementation of a set of mutants and by SDS
      polyacrylamide gel analysis of the proteins synthesized in UV irradiated cells
      infected with these phages. The segregation pattern of the different genes among
      these derived phages indicates that the order of the genes is pheT - pheS - "P12"
      - (infC, thrS) where infC is probably between "P12" and thrS. "P12" is the
      structural gene of a 12,000 molecular weight unidentified protein.

PMID- 372756
TI  - Analysis of lincomycin resistance mutations in Escherichia coli.
AB  - High level lincomycin resistant strains of Escherichia coli were isolated and
      screened for altered ribosomal proteins and functions. Amongst 58 strains
      investigated by electrophoresis one had an altered ribosomal protein S7, another
      one a mutated L14 and two showed altered L15 proteins. A correlation between
      these alterations and lincomycin resistant growth could not be demonstrated by
      genetic analysis for any of the mutants. In vitro, however, extracts from the two
      L15 mutants were less sensitive to inhibition by the drug. A gene locus (linR)
      responsible for the lincomycin resistance phenotype was mapped at min 30 of the
      Escherichia coli chromosome near tyrR; it seems to be identical to the previously
      described linB locus (Apirion, 1967); however, in contrast to these reports it
      does not seem to alter any ribosomal function.

PMID- 372757
TI  - Individual messenger RNA half lives in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - We have measured the decay half-life of functional messenger RNA (mRNA) for some
      thirty different proteins in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Production of
      newly synthesized mRNA was halted by raising the temperature of a culture of a
      temperature-sensitive mutant, ts 136. Aliquots of this culture were pulsed
      labelled with [35S]-methionine at various times after the temperature shift and
      the radioactive proteins separated on the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
      system of O'Farrell. We find a range in the decay half lives of individual mRNA
      species which varies from 3.5 min to greater than 70 min. We find three general
      classes of decay curves, (a) simple exponential (first order); some of these
      showed a shoulder before onset of exponential decay; (b) bi-component or multi
      component concave upward; (c) initial stimulation of rate of mRNA synthesis,
      followed by virtually undetectable decay.

PMID- 372758
TI  - The half-life of mRNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The decay kinetics of mRNA was studied in a yeast temperature-sensitive mutant,
      ts136, which is defective in cytoplasmic RNA production at 37 degree C. The
      disappearance of the synthetic capacity of mRNA was determined by withdrawing
      equal volumes of ts136 cell culture and pulse-labelling with [35S]methionine at
      various time intervals after the shift to 37 degrees C from 23 degrees C. The
      synthesized proteins were separated on a two-dimensional gel electrophoretic
      system and then quantitatively analyzed for theri incorporated radioactivities by
      scintillation counting. Our results show that yeast mRNAs have divergent
      functional half-lives ranging from 4.5 to 41 min, with an average value of 22
      min. Each mRNA exhibits a simple exponential decay with its own characteristic
      dacay pattern. Of the approximately 500 major polypeptides made by yeast cells,
      which are detectable on autoradiograms of the gels, 80 were arbitrarily selected
      and the mRNAs coding for those polypeptides were examined for their decay
      kinetics.

PMID- 372759
TI  - A streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli mutant with ribosomes temperature
      sensitive in the suppression of a nonsense codon.
AB  - Cell free extracts from a streptomycin-resistant E. coli mutant which is also
      temperature-sensitive for Q beta phage were studied for suppression of a nonsense
      mutation at various temperatures. The streptomycin-resistant ribosomes of the
      mutant were found to be temperature-sensitive in suppression of an amber mutation
      in f2 phage coat protein while retaining the ability to synthesize proteins at an
      elevated temperature (42 degrees C). The restriction of amber suppression at 42
      degrees C is assumed to be related to an alteration in ribosomal protein S12 of
      the streptomycin-resistant mutant which also causes a change in its
      electrophoretic mobility.

PMID- 372760
TI  - The requirement of nonsense suppression for the development of several phages.
AB  - A spontaneous streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli mutant which is temperature
      sensitive for suppression of a nonsense codon was studied for its ability to
      propagate phages T2, T4D, T5, phi K, f2, MS2, R17, Q beta, lambda as well as
      filamentous phages fl, fd and M13. Of all phages tested, only the growth of Q
      beta, lambda, and filamentous phages is inhibited in the mutant at 42 degree C.
      This selective inhibition suggests that, like Q beta, lambda and filamentous
      phages also require a read-through proten(s) which results from suppression of a
      termination codon.

PMID- 372762
TI  - Induced segregation in interspecific hybrids of Aspergillus nidulans and
      Aspergillus rugulosus obtained by protoplast fusion.
AB  - Interspecific hybrids produced by polyethylene glycol induced fusion of
      protoplasts from auxotrophic mutants of Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus
      rugulosus were grown in the presence of the recombinogens benomyl and chloral
      hydrate to stimulate segregation. The A. nidulans parental strains used had a
      known genetic marker in each linkage group. Hybrids grown on complete medium
      containing benomyl yielded more segregants. Analysis of the segregants showed
      that the distribution of A. nidulans linkage groups was random. No specific
      linkage group appeared in all the segregants. The two parents are closely related
      taxonomically and the findings from these experiments suggest that a high degree
      of chromosomal homology may exist between them.

PMID- 372761
TI  - Methylgroups of ribosomal protein L11 are not related to the synthesis of ppGpp.
AB  - Ribosomes carrying either a normally methylated or an undermethylated L11,
      respectively, were tested with respect to the stringency reaction in the presence
      of crude stringent factor. Systems with either kind of ribosomes synthesize ppGpp
      with the same efficiency. The ppGpp synthesis in presence of ribosomes with
      undermethylated L11 depends also on stringent factor, mRNA and deacylated tRNA
      whereas aminoacyl-tRNA and peptidyl-analogous tRNA show no effect. Thus, the
      absence of methylation in L11 does not influence the stringency reaction.

PMID- 372763
TI  - Peptide chain elongation rate and ribosomal activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      as a function of the growth rate.
AB  - The peptide-chain elongation rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at two different
      growth rates was estimated by the kinetics of radioactive labelling of nascent
      and finished polypeptides as described by Gausing, 1972, and Young and Bremer,
      1976. The elongation rates of a diploid strain cultured in yeast nitrogen base
      supplemented with glucose or acetate were 9.3 amino acids/s and 5.5 amino acids/s
      at 30 degrees C, respectively. These data together with published values on the
      "ribosomal efficency" as a function of growth rate (Waldron and Lacroute, (1975)
      enable us to estimate the rate of synthesis of ribosomal proteins as a function
      of the rate of total protein synthesis, alpha r, and the fraction of ribosomes
      that one active in protein synthesis. We conclude that in S. cerevisiae alpha r
      is largely independent of the growth rate while the fraction of active ribosomes
      decreases with decreasing growth rate.

PMID- 372764
TI  - Cloning of an EcoRI fragment carrying E. coli tufA gene.
AB  - EcoRI fragments of the transducing phage lambda fus3 DNA have been linked to the
      ColEl derivative plasmid RSF2124 (ColEl-Apr) DNA using bacteriophage T4 ligase.
      Among the plasmids formed, one designated pTUAl was found to contain the E. coli
      tufA gene. The proof for the presence of tufA gene in pTUAl is based on the
      following observations: (1) ability of pTUAl DNA and is EcoRI fragments to direct
      synthesis of EF-Tu in a cell-free protein synthesizing system; and (2) RNA . DNA
      hybridization of RNA transcribed from phage lambda rifd18 carrying tufB with DNA
      from pTUAl.

PMID- 372765
TI  - Sectioning of Epon blocks in the 20 m to 60 micromicron range for histological
      studies.
AB  - Thick sections of tissue, (20 micron--60 micron), are useful in studying the
      relationship between individual large cells and cell layers in organized neural
      structures. The ability of the Nomarski Differential Interference-Contrast
      Microscope to bring a single thin layer into sharp focus makes the examination of
      such sections feasible. Although celloidin is the classical embedding medium for
      large, thick sections of neural tissue, the time necessary for this preparation
      is most inconvenient. Epon is an excellent embedding medium; however, it is
      extremely hard and brittle. By heating the Epon block face, thick sections can be
      cut. To avoid the cumbersome, often detrimental use of heat, a modification of
      this technique was found. Epon blocks, trimmed to a 1 millimeter square face, may
      be sectioned at room temperature on the sliding microtome at 20 micron to 60
      micron with ease. The simple method of preparing such sections is described.

PMID- 372766
TI  - Glomerular thrombosis in spontaneously hypertensive rat. II. Immunofluorescence
      microscopy. III. Effect of heparin.

PMID- 372767
TI  - Careful Michigan procedures screen donor eyes for any disease.

PMID- 372768
TI  - A history of induction.

PMID- 372769
TI  - Blizzard midwifery.

PMID- 372770
TI  - The art and science of clinical teaching.
AB  - A review of the literature on clinical teaching indicates that medical schools
      emphasize didactic teaching of facts. Interpersonal skills, problem solving
      skills and cultivation of attitudes are neglected. However, the literature also
      described the skills of 'good' clinical teachers, and enumerates them. Programmes
      attempting to develop students' interpersonal skills and problem solving skills
      are reported. Finally, areas for further practice and study in clinical teaching
      are recommended.

PMID- 372772
TI  - [The pulp periodontal organ, an immunological complex].

PMID- 372771
TI  - [Dental development: index of physiologic maturation].

PMID- 372773
TI  - [Recent research on the action of fluoride in dentistry].

PMID- 372774
TI  - Mineral springs and spring fever. Lithium: fact and fantasy in
      psychopharmacology.
AB  - Lithium salts have been employed as medical treatment for more than two thousand
      years. The history of lithium in medicine reveals a strictly empiricist approach
      to its use which has resulted in its varying popularity as a therapeutic
      treatment over the past century. Much of the enthusiasm about the therapeutic use
      of lithium has been generated by faulty scientific process. This paper reviews
      the scientific errors which have surrounded the medical use of lithium in
      history, discusses the metaphorical use of medical terminology and the problem
      which is posed by the literal interpretation of such terms, and challenges the
      currently accepted point of view that lithium is a specific treatment for mania.
      The scientific errors which have resulted in the introduction of lithium as a
      treatment for mania are reviewed, and it is proposed that lithium treatment be
      viewed as the paradigm of modern psychopharmacology. The author suggests that the
      empiricist approach in biological psychiatry requires critical scrutiny in order
      to avoid tragic consequences, regarding the hazards both to patients arbittrarily
      exposed to lithium therapy, as well as to the scientific concept of disease as it
      is modified by those who wish to re-define disease, empirically, in terms of
      response to treatment.

PMID- 372775
TI  - Toys and technology.

PMID- 372776
TI  - Ischaemic cerebrovascular disease: 2. Management.

PMID- 372777
TI  - Tinidazole in the prevention of wound infection after elective colorectal
      surgery.
AB  - During the first six months of 1978, 71 patients were the subject of a controlled
      trial of the use of tinidazole for the prevention of wound infection after
      elective colonic surgery. The trial design was prospective, randomized and double
      blind with tinidazole or placebo given at the last oral intake before operation.
      The objective endpoint of the trial was the presence or absence of wound
      infection manifested by pus. All patients underwent a standard preoperative
      preparation of bowel washouts, and a standardized surgical technique included, in
      all cases, the use of wound drainage. At the end of the trial there were three
      wound infections in 40 patients who were given tinidazole, and eleven wound
      infections in 31 patients who were given placebo. The difference in wound
      infection rate between these two groups is significant (x2 with Yates correction
      = 7.3; P less than 0.01).

PMID- 372778
TI  - [Vertebrobasilar insufficiency].

PMID- 372779
TI  - [Use of acetic acid-n-butyl ester in histological technology].

PMID- 372780
TI  - [Systemic virus diseases in chicken farm workers].

PMID- 372782
TI  - Immunonephelometric assays.
AB  - Nephelometry, the measurement of scattered light, determines the size, shape, and
      concentration of the scattering particles (at least in theory). For the
      applications of nephelometry in immunoassays, the scatterers are the antigen
      antibody complexes formed. The rationale for using nephelometry includes the
      advantages of greater simplicity and improved precision as compared to other
      assay methods. There are, however, other factors which limit the immunological
      assays in which nephelometry is employed, most notably its sensitivity to noise
      due to dust and occasional large aggregates of antigen-antibody complexes.
      Nephelometers commercially available for immunoassays use a variety of light
      sources; most measure the scattered light at a single angle, and several
      incorporate microcomputers. A review of the theory of light scattering by small
      spheres is introduced to indicate fashions in which future developments may make
      nephelometry the method of choice for an even wider range of immunoassays.

PMID- 372783
TI  - Chlorpromazine's entrance into psychiatry. An extremely interesting product.

PMID- 372781
TI  - Mason-Pfizer like virus in kidney grafted patients.
AB  - Lymphocytes from a kidney grafted patient were specifically stimulated to
      incorporated thymidine in vitro by mitomycin C treated Hela cells infected with a
      Mason-Pfizer like virus (MPV). The thermolabile mutant of vesicular stomatitis
      virus (VSV tl) grown in leukocytes of this patient produced pseudotypes which
      were neutralized by the patient's sera and boy rabbit anti-MPV sera. Coculture of
      the patients leukocytes with SIRC cells yielded virus populations with dual
      properties; those of MPV plus those of another virus which was not typed
      serologically but possessed the biological properties of typical C particles. The
      patient also had neutralizing antibodies to MPV, which were detected by
      inhibition of syncytium formation on KC cells and by neutralization of VSV tl
      (MPV) pseudotypes. Preliminary results on the frequency of similar findings in
      other kidney grafted patients are presented.

PMID- 372785
TI  - Computer bureaus ready for SHUR.

PMID- 372784
TI  - [Prosthetic rehabilitation by removable prostheses with distribution of force by
      means of wires in Kennedy 4th class cases].
AB  - Prosthetic rehabilitation in cases of Kennedy class 4th, particularly when the
      from gap is extensive, presents problems of both aesthetic (lack of front teeth)
      and functional nature that are not easy to solve. On one side a mixed dental and
      mucosa support must be obtained while on the other over-loading of the abutment
      teeth must be avoided by distributing force axially and unformly. This is done by
      using a special type of prosthesis described here where force is distributed by
      means of wires. Cases treated like this and followed up have shown positive
      results as regards both clinical and mechanical results.

PMID- 372786
TI  - 'Substantively' speaking, SHUR is full of holes and needs lots of work.

PMID- 372787
TI  - The relation of repair phenomena to mutation induction in bacteria.
AB  - The relation of various processes to mutation induction by radiation and
      chemicals is discussed for for various species of bacteria. A variety of repair
      processes have been identified at the molecular level that can eliminate many
      kinds of potentially mutagenic lesions before they can be converted to final
      mutation. Fixation often but not always occurs at replication. A number of
      mutagens, including UV light, ionizing radiation, and a number of chemicals,
      induce an error-prone process, perhaps a modification of the proof-reading
      system, that allows bacteria to survive after potentially lethal damage at the
      expense of making errors. Some mutagens, notably monofunctional alkylating agents
      and base analogues, produce mutations by other processes. Even in these cases,
      repair processes play an important role. There is some evidence that error-free
      as well as error-prone repair processes can be induced. A brief discussion is
      given of the relation of these findings to the practical problems of hazards
      estimations.

PMID- 372788
TI  - Photodynamic effects of dyes on bacteria. II. Genetic effects of broad-spectrum
      visible light in the presence of acridine dyes and methylene blue in chemostat
      cultures of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Photodynamic mutagenesis was studied in chemostat cultures of Escherichia coli
      B/r (TlR trp) exposed to one of six different acridine dyes or methylene blue.
      Mutation to phage T5 resistance was induced with a broad-spectrum fluorescent
      light source. All of the agents tested were photomutagenic; acridine yellow was
      the most efficient sensitizer and quinacrine was the least efficient. Quinacrine
      also was moderately mutagenic in the dark, in contrast to the other agents
      tested, which were not significantly mutagenic in the dark at the low
      concentrations tested for photomutagenesis. The mutation rate with acridine
      orange was directly proportional to both fluence rate and dye concentration over
      the ranges tested. Photomutation rates with acridine orange, proflavine and
      methylene blue were independent of growth rate of the chemostat cultures. These
      results are consistent with photomutagenesis occurring as the result of
      photochemical damage to DNA-dye complexes, independent of cell expression was
      approximately 2.5 generations for each of the photomutagens tested. This short
      expression delay supports an earlier segregational model for expression of phage
      resistance. The following results suggest that photodynamic mutagenesis is due
      mainly to intercalated dye molecules: (1) both acridine and 9-aminoacridine are
      photodynamic mutagens; (2) acridine inhibits photomutagenesis with acridine
      orange; and (3) neither putrescine or spermine, which bind to DNA without
      intercalating, inhibited photomutagenesis by acridine orange or proflavine.

PMID- 372789
TI  - Phenotypic expression time of mutagen-induced 6-thioguanine resistance in Chinese
      hamster ovary cells (CHO/HGPRT system).

PMID- 372790
TI  - Effect of mutagens, chemotherapeutic agents and defects in DNA repair genes on
      recombination in F' partial diploid Escherichia coli.
AB  - The ability of mutagenic agents, nonmutagenic substances and defects in DNA
      repair to alter the genotype of F' partial diploid (F30) Escherichia coli was
      determined. The frequency of auxotrophic mutants and histidine requiring (His-)
      haploid colonies was increased by mutagen treatment but Hfr colonies were not
      detected in F30 E. coli even with specific selection techniques. Genotype changes
      due to nonreciprocal recombination were determined by measuring the frequency of
      His- homogenotes, eg. F' hisC780, hisI+/hisC780, hisI+, arising from a His+
      heterogenote, F' hisC780 hisI+/hisC+, his1903. At least 75% of the recombinants
      were homozygous for histidine alleles which were present on the F' plasmid
      (exogenote) of the parental hetergenote rather than for histidine alleles on the
      chromosome. Mutagens, chemotherapeutic agents which histidine alleles on the
      chromosome. Mutagens, chemotherapeutic agents which block DNA synthesis and a
      defective DNA polymerase I gene, polA1, were found to increase the frequency of
      nonreciprocal recombination. A defect in the ability to excise thymine dimers,
      uvrC34, did not increase spontaneous nonreciprocal recombination. However, UV
      irradiation but not methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) induced greater recombination
      in this excision-repair defective mutant than in DNA-repair-proficient strains.
      Mutagenic agents, with the exception of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), induced
      greater increases in recombination than the chemotherapeutic agents or the polA1
      mutation. EMS, which causes relatively little degradation of DNA, was more
      mutagenic but less recombinogenic than MMS, a homologous compound ths that
      inhibition of DNA occurring single-stranded regions in replicative intermediates
      of the DNA. Mutagens which cause the rapid breakdown of DNA may, in addition,
      introduce lesions into the genome that increase the number of single-stranded
      regions thus inducing even higher frequencies of recombination.

PMID- 372791
TI  - Validation and characterization of the L5178Y/TK+/- mouse lymphoma mutagen assay
      system.
AB  - The current status of the L5178Y/TK+/- leads to TK-/- mouse-lymphoma mutagenicity
      assay is described. Dose-survival-mutagenic response data are shown for 43
      chemicals. Mutagenicity and cytotoxicity in the presence or absence of non
      induced and/or Aroclor-induced rat-liver S-9 are compared for most of these
      chemicals, 25 of these for which usuable carcinogenicity data exist have been
      used to construct an approximately linear relationship between oncogenic potency
      in vivo and mutagenic potency in this system in vitro; linearity between these
      two endpoints extends over a greater than 100,000-fold range in potencies.
      Several carcinogens which are negative or difficult to detect in the standard
      Ames assay are mutagenic in this mammalian cell system. These include natulan,
      sodium saccharin (lot S-1022), p,p'-DDE (metabolite of DDT), dimethylnitrosamine,
      diethylnitrosamine and diethylstilbestrol. Characterization of the TK-/- mutants
      suggests that two mutagenic mechanisms contribute to their final yield. Large
      colony TK-/- mutants probably represent point or gene mutations affecting the TK
      locus. In addition, a class of small-colony TK(/- mutants are described and
      characterized as being heritably growth-deficient; this and other properties
      suggest that these small-colony TK-/- mutants originate by a heritable and viable
      chromosomal aberration. Most carcinogens and mutagens tested produce both classes
      of TK-/- mutants in this system; the relative proportions of small- and large
      colony mutants are both mutagen- and dose-dependent. Comparative studies have
      been done at the rapidly-expressing TK locus and the slowly-expressing HGPRT
      locus in these cells. Several carcinogens detected at the TK locus are non- or
      very weakly mutagenic at the HGPRT locus. This findings is consistent with the
      induction of slow-growing specific locus mutants by a chromosomal mechanism and
      their subsequent dilution during this long expression time.

PMID- 372792
TI  - Photodynamic effects of dyes on bacteria. III. Mutagenesis by acridine orange and
      500-nm monochromatic light in strains of Escherichia coli that differ in repair
      capability.
AB  - In the presence of acridine orange (AO) and monochromatic 500-nm light, the
      recombination-deficient strain of Escherichia coli, WP10 (recA), showed a 15-fold
      increase in mutation rate over the wild-type (WP2) strain. Under the same
      conditions, strain Bs--1 (uvrB lexA lon) showed a 5-fold increase in mutation
      rate over strain WP2. In contrast, the endonuclease-deficient, strain, WP2s
      (uvrA), showed a lower AO-500 nm mutation rate than wild-type. The extremely high
      mutation rate of the recA strain cannot be due to error-prone inducible SOS
      repair since the inducible recA + function is absent. Repair of the AO-500 nm
      induced lesions is likely due to a recA+-dependent, error-free, recombination
      process. It is concluded that the high mutation rates with AO-500 nm light
      obtained in chemostat cultures of recA and lexA strains occur as a consequence of
      errors during semi-conservative DNA replication in the presence of unrepaired DNA
      lesions.

PMID- 372793
TI  - Mutation induction by thymidine deprivation in Escherichia coli B/r. I. Influence
      of caffeine.
AB  - The addition of caffeine to the plating medium after thymine deprivation of E.
      coli WP2 uvr+ thyA or WP2 uvrA thyA had no influence on survival. Caffeine,
      however, reduced the frequency of mutants. The hypothesis is presented that the
      reduced mutagenesis is due to the sensitivity to caffeine of an inducible error
      prone repair mechanism operating during thymine deprivation and after the re
      addition of thymine.

PMID- 372794
TI  - Aryl-monoalkyl and cyclic triazenes: direct-acting mutagens.
AB  - An aryl-monoalkyl triazene, methyl-p-tolyl triazene (MTT) and a cyclic triazene
      (delta2-triazoline) are direct-acting mutagens for Salmonella typhimurium
      bacteria and for cell-free Hemophilus influenzae DNA. MTT causes reversion of the
      hisG46 base-substitution mutation, but no reversion of the hisD3052 frameshift
      mutation. Induced mutation frequency is not strongly influenced by modifications
      in the genetic background of the S. typhimurium Ames tester strains, but is
      mildly enhanced by the addition of a pool of amino acids to the plating medium
      and is strongly enhanced by liquid preincubation before plating.

PMID- 372795
TI  - Effect of gamma and alpha irradiation on survival of wild-type and sensitive
      mutants of yeast.
AB  - Survival curves have been obtained for haploid and diploid Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae of the wild-type strain and the sensitive mutant rad51-1 exposed to
      gamma-rays and alpha-particles. The difference in radio-sensitivities of the wild
      type diploid strain and the homozygous rad51-1 mutant was significantly higher
      after low-LET radiation than after high-LET radiation. This was not true for
      haploid strains. The liquid-holding recovery of irradiated cells was greater for
      gamma-ray-induced damage than for damage inflicted by alpha-particles. The value
      of the RBE of high-LET radiation was correlated with cell-repair capacity.

PMID- 372796
TI  - Further study of the genetic toxicity of gentian violet.
AB  - The genetic toxicity of gentian violet was studied with the Ames and the
      Rosenkranz bacterial assays as well as the cytogenetic assays (Chinese hamster
      ovary cells in vitro in the presence of rat-liver S-9 fractions, the chicken
      embryo and mouse-bone-marrow cells in vivo). Gentian violet was found to be toxic
      but not mutagenic in the Ames assay. However, it was active in the Rosenkranz
      assay causing reparable DNA damage. The presence of S-9 in the in vitro
      cytogenetic assay and in the bacterial assays showed that the activity of gentian
      violet could be reduced or eliminated. In the in vivo assays, gentian violet was
      not clastogenic and failed to induce sister-chromatid exchanges. However, gentian
      violet proved to be highly toxic to growing chick embryos at high dosage and
      depressed mitotic activities in mouse bone marrow after prolonged treatment. Our
      study suggested that gentian violet can be inactivated by the liver
      detoxification system. However, it is potentially hazardous to cells that are
      exposed to the dye directly (e.g. skin epithelium and cell lining of the
      gastrointestinal tract).

PMID- 372797
TI  - Actions of an antispermatogenic, but non-mutagenic, indenopyridine derivative in
      mice and Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - This paper describes a new antispermatogenic agent. Following single oral
      administration to mice, the indenopyridine derivative (4aRS,5SR,9bRS)-2-ethyl
      1,3,4,4a,5,9b-hexahydro-7-methyl-5-p-tolyl-2H-indeno(1,2-c)pyridine
      hydrochloride, code No. 20-438, produced long-lasting inhibition of the
      spermatogenic process at dose levels of 10 mg/kg (1/40 of the lowest lethal dose)
      and higher. Testes weights were significantly reduced from days 2--217 after
      treatment, and no clear-cut evidence of a recovery was found during this time.
      The fertility of treated males was normal during the initial 2 weeks after
      treatment, followed by partial or total sterility in weeks 3--6, and incomplete
      recovery in weeks 7--29 after treatment. The antifertility effects were caused by
      maturation depletion of the germ cells, leading to oligospermia. The following
      rank of decreasing "susceptibility" of the germ cells was observed: Spermatocytes
      greater than early spermatids, intermediate spermatogonia greater than stem
      cells. Sperm and late spermatids were not affected. Despite the characteristic
      specific germ-cell pattern of antifertility effects, 20-438 showed neither
      indications of pre- and post-implantational dominant lethality, nor mutagenic
      potentiality as measured by cytogenetic analysis of spermatocytes or
      spermatogonia, the sperm abnormality assay, the micronucleus test, and the
      Salmonella assay. These data suggest that the action of 20-438, leading to
      oligospermia, does not involve genetic toxic effects.

PMID- 372798
TI  - Lack of cytogenetic effects in mice or mutations in Salmonella receiving sodium
      fluoride.
AB  - We have examined the possible effect of fluoride intake on chromosome damage.
      There was no evidence of increased frequency of chromosomal aberration in bone
      marrow or testis cells of mice with either 50 ppm fluoride intake over several
      generations or 100 ppm intake for 6 weeks compared to animals drinking distilled
      water. Fluoride was not found to be mutagenic in a widely used bacterial
      mutagenesis assay over a range of 0.1 to as high as 2000 microgram fluoride per
      plate.

PMID- 372799
TI  - Mutagenicity testing of some drug and cosmetic dye lakes with the
      Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay.

PMID- 372800
TI  - Mutagenicity of alkaloids in the Salmonella/microsome system.

PMID- 372801
TI  - [Contribution to the relevance of post mortal histological demonstration of fungi
      in tissues (author's transl)].

PMID- 372803
TI  - Acute hepatic failure associated with the use of sodium valproate.

PMID- 372802
TI  - Skeletal concentrations of lead in ancient Peruvians.
AB  - The level of biologic lead (expressed as the ratio of atomic lead to atomic
      calcium) in bones of Peruvians buried 1600 years ago was found to be 3 x 10(-8),
      as compared to 2100 to 3500 x 10(-8) in the bones of present-day residents of
      England and the United States. The ratio of barium to calcium was 2 to 3 x 10(-6)
      in bones of ancient Peruvians and present-day Americans. Barium and lead have
      similar morphologic distributions in organisms, so this discrepancy for lead must
      result from overexposure of present-day people to industrial lead and not from
      natural variations. The magnitude of this discrepancy has been confirmed by two
      different lines of investigation not reported in this article. This new evidence
      suggests that natural interactions of lead in human cells have not yet been
      determined because reagents, nutrients and controls used in laboratory and field
      studies have been contaminated with lead far in excess of naturally occurring
      levels.

PMID- 372804
TI  - Use of kinetic analysis and mathematical modeling in the study of metabolic
      pathways in vivo. Applications to hepatic organic anion metabolism. (First of two
      parts).

PMID- 372805
TI  - Spontaneous renal decapsulation with excessive fluid leakage after
      transplantation.

PMID- 372807
TI  - Bacterial hepatitis.

PMID- 372806
TI  - Use of kinetic analysis and mathematical modeling in the study of metabolic
      pathways in vivo: applications to hepatic organic anion metabolism (second of two
      parts).

PMID- 372808
TI  - In defense of "Limbitrol".

PMID- 372809
TI  - Advances in the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia.

PMID- 372810
TI  - Microsurgery: through the looking glass.

PMID- 372811
TI  - Accelerated rejection of a renal allograft associated with pretransplantation
      antibodies directed against donor antigens on endothelium and monocytes.

PMID- 372812
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 22--1979.

PMID- 372813
TI  - Diarrheagenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.

PMID- 372814
TI  - The ribosomal RNA gene region in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus.
AB  - A fine structure map of the ribosomal gene region of the sea urchin Lytechinus
      variegatus has been generated. The ribosomal DNA density satellite has been
      analyzed with restriction enzymes and by hybridization to urchin 18S and 26S
      ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The L. variegatus rRNA repeats show heterogeneity on the
      nontranscribed spacer. Minor bands containing transcribed spacer sequences are
      observed. One interpretation of these bands would require both transcribed spacer
      heterogeneity and defective ribosomal genes retained among the rRNA gene repeats.

PMID- 372815
TI  - Genetics of cultured mammalian cells, as studied by somatic cell hybridization.
AB  - In the past 10 years, the technique of somatic cell hybridization has been used
      extensively in studies on mammalian somatic cell genetics. Much of the work with
      hybrid cells has focused on the problems of gene regulation and gene mapping;
      these two areas and the consideration of new techniques are discussed in this
      article. The types of genetic manipulations than can be used to investigate these
      problems are the central theme of the review.

PMID- 372816
TI  - In vitro carcinogenesis with cells in early passage.
AB  - A well-documented rationale exists for the study of the induction of cancer at
      the cellular level. Transformation can be quantitated; its frequency follows a
      linear relationship with dose and is consistent with a "one-hit" phenomenon.
      Transformed colonies do produce transformed lines with attributes of neoplastic
      cells including the production of tumors; in vitro activity correlates with in
      vivo activity to provide evidence that chemically induced carcinogenesis can be
      studied in vitro. In vitro techniques utilizing mammalian cells in culture have
      made possible the rapid evaluation of carcinogenicity of agents in man's
      environment. Neoplastic transformation is inductive and not the result of the
      selection of preexisting tumor cells. The addition of a host-mediated step in the
      bioassay makes it possible to decrease the number of false negatives, which may
      result from the requirement for metabolic activation of the chemical. Thus the in
      vitro studies described have a high probability of providing practical methods
      for determining which chemicals in use have a potential of producing cancer.
      Furthermore, the nature of the cell-target insult interaction can be determined,
      as well as the chemical nature of the ultimate carcinogen, the degree to which
      any agent acts alone, be it a chemical, a virus, or irradiation, and the extent
      to which one agent interacts with another from the same or a different category
      of carcinogens. Sequential treatment involving chemicals, viruses, and radiation
      are important, since combinations of various agents may be responsible for an
      increased risk of cancer in laboratory animals and human populations. The use of
      multiple agents may also lead to different but specific new types of assays to
      use for surveillance of our environment for carcinogenic agents. Pretreatment of
      Syrian golden hamster embryo cells with either X-irradiation or methyl
      methanesulfonate, but not UV-irradiation, increases the frequency of chemical
      transformation as does posttreatment with caffeine. Most, if not all, chemical
      carcinogens will increase the sensitivity of hamster embryo cells to
      transformation by a carcinogenic simian adenovirus SA7. The enhancement of virus
      transformation is related to both the length of chemical treatment and the
      interval between chemical and viral addition. The mechanism of transformation
      enhancement by various agents has yet to be explained. They may affect a number
      of molecular processes or cause a modification of existing DNA and thus provide
      an explanation for carcinogenesis; in fact, in some systems some of these agents
      may also show mutagenic activity and produce chromosomal aberrations, However,
      although DNA is the critical site for a mutagen, the critical target(s) of
      chemical carcinogens is still unknown.

PMID- 372817
TI  - Metabolism of acetylcholine receptors in skeletal muscle.
AB  - The acetylcholine receptor in skeletal muscle is an integral plasma membrane
      glycoprotein. Its biosynthesis and incorporation into plasma membrane and its
      degradation are being studied with the use of biochemical, biophysical, and
      microscopic techniques. In this report, previously published data are combined
      with new information to yield a consistent and fairly detailed description ofthe
      mechanisms involved in receptor metabolism. It is proposed that the biosynthesis,
      transport, and incorporation of the receptor into plasma membranes involve a
      mechanism similar, or identical, to that used by the cell for production and
      secretion of secretory proteins. The receptor is degraded by a random-hit
      process, which involves internalization, transport to secondary lysosomes, and
      hydrolysis. Sites of regulation of receptor metabolism are discussed in the
      context of regulation of the number and distribution of receptors in plasma
      membranes, particularly with respect to the formation and stability of
      neuromuscular junctions.

PMID- 372818
TI  - The genetics of the mitochondrial DNA of mammalian somatic cells, their hybrids
      and cybrids.
AB  - A brief review is attempted of the status of the genetics of the mitochondria of
      mammalian cells in vitro. Reverse segregant human-mouse hybrid strains are
      unusually stable and retain mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of both species for many
      generations but eventually lose the mtDNA of the species whose chromosomes are
      segregated. A molecular interchange resembling recombination among mtDNA
      molecules can be detected in these hybrids. Eisenstadt and co-workers have shown
      that chloramphenicol inhibits protein synthesis less in mitochondria isolated
      form chloramphenicol-resistant, mutant cell strains than from sensitive strains.
      They have also shown that resistance is effectively transmitted by cytoplast
      fusion. These genetic markers are, therefore, probably in the mtDNA of mammals as
      they are in yeast. Although chloramphenicol resistance has not been transferred
      from one distinct species to another by cytoplast fusion, we find that different
      subspecies of mouse are able to exchange resistance. We have also transferred
      chloramphenicol resistance to ("transformed") 10(-3) sensitive cells by treating
      them with purified mtDNA from resistant cells. Treatment with DNA from
      Escherichia coli and/or mtDNA purified from sensitive cells does not transform.
      Treatment with nuclear DNA, however, from either sensitive or resistant cells
      does transform. We suggest that exogenously applied nuclear DNA acts as a potent
      mutagen in mitochondria. A potential application of the mtDNA transformation
      phenomenon to molecular cloning of DNA in mammalian mitochondria is proposed.

PMID- 372819
TI  - Red cell-mediated microinjection.
AB  - I have reviewed the current status of microinjection based on fusion of red blood
      cells and tissue culture cells. Macromolecules are introduced into red blood
      cells during hypotonic hemolysis, and the resealed red cells are then fused to
      tissue culture cells with Sendai virus. The procedure has been used to inject
      ferritin, thymidine kinase, bovine serum albumin, and transfer RNA molecules into
      large numbers of tissue culture cells. Physiologically significant amounts of
      various macromolecules can be transferred, and preliminary studies show that
      [125I]bovine serum albumin and transfer RNA are stable within recipient culture
      cells. Tissue culture cells remain viable following microinjection. Red cell
      mediated microinjection should facilitate the study of various processes, such as
      macromolecular turnover and genetic regulation, that are not easily studied with
      conventional biochemical techniques.

PMID- 372821
TI  - The use of antisera to prostatic acid phosphatase for the identification of
      cultured human cells.

PMID- 372820
TI  - Transitional cell cancer: fluorescent antibody binding to tumor cells in vitro.
AB  - The IFA assay has been used to detect antigen--antibody reactions between sera
      from patients with TCC and TCC cell lines established in our laboratory. A
      positive immunofluorescence reaction, consisting of perinuclear staining, was
      seen in 86% of the sera from TCC patients exposed to 253J cells. A positive
      reaction was detection in only 8% of the sera from healthy donors, in 19% of that
      from patients with nonmalignant urinary tract disease, and in 31% of the sera
      from patients with urinary tract tumors other than TCC when exposed to 253J
      cells. No positive reaction was detected when these same sera were exposed to
      either WI-38 or normal human kidney cells. The positive fluorescence could be
      removed from TCC sera by absorption with TCC surgical specimens but not by
      absorption with nontumor surgical specimens.

PMID- 372822
TI  - Identification of cultured, human, malignant, prostatic epithelial cells.
AB  - Identification of cloned cells is necessary for experimentation with them. This
      paper details a method for the identification of cultured human malignant
      prostatic epithelial cells derived from metastatic deposits of prostate cancer by
      localization of a specific rabbit antiserum to human prostatic acid phosphatase
      in the cells.

PMID- 372823
TI  - Poly I:C immunotherapy in patients with papillomas or superficial carcinomas of
      the bladder.
AB  - A randomized prospective therapeutic trial of poly I:C immunotherapy in patients
      with papillomas or superficial carcinomas of the bladder is presented. Poly I:C
      had no beneficial effect on the recurrence rate of superficial bladder tumors.

PMID- 372824
TI  - EB 33, an epithelial cell line from human prostate carcinoma: a review.
AB  - The cell line EB 33 was cultivated from the tissue of a human prostate
      adenocarcinoma in June 1973. Since that time, efforts have been made by
      scientists in several laboratories to characterize this line by morphologic,
      biochemical, endocrinologic, genetic, and immunologic parameters. The great need
      for a well-defined prostatic cell line for immunologic experimentation warrants a
      complete review of the subject.

PMID- 372825
TI  - Transmission of allosteric effects in DNA.
AB  - Binding of distamycin induces a cooperative transition of calf thymus DNA to a
      new form with higher affinity for the drug and altered structural properties.

PMID- 372826
TI  - Immunocytochemical localisation of L-glutamic acid decarboxylase in the goldfish
      retina.

PMID- 372827
TI  - Distribution of polymorphic forms of troponin components and tropomyosin in
      skeletal muscle.
AB  - Specific antibodies have been used to show that in adult skeletal muscle the slow
      and fast forms of the components of the troponin complex are located in type I
      and type II fibres respectively. alpha-Tropomyosin is restricted to type II
      cells. During development, as a result of changes in innervation and in certain
      diseased stages, both the slow and fast polymorphic forms of the troponin
      components are present in the same cell.

PMID- 372829
TI  - [The effect of lithium prophylaxis for more than 2 years in recurrent unipolar
      (vital) depression].

PMID- 372828
TI  - [The importance of a thorough medical history in micturition complaints].

PMID- 372830
TI  - [Shigellosis].

PMID- 372831
TI  - [Chimpanzee as a pet: cause of a Shigella infection].

PMID- 372832
TI  - Streptococcal surveillance program--a 10 year study in eastern Nebraska.

PMID- 372833
TI  - 50 years of general practice in a small community.

PMID- 372834
TI  - Experimental data concerning the question of the synergic action of the influenza
      virus and of some chemical carcinogens in the pathogenesis of lung cancer.
AB  - The importance of new discoveries in the field of molecular biology concerning
      the interaction of oncogenic material in cell leading to a synthesis of knowledge
      in the field of viral and physico-chemical blastomogenesis is underlined. A
      concise reference to earlier studies and to the present state of knowledge is
      presented, with a subsequent review of the results of experimental studies
      dealing with the problem of the synergic action of influenza viruses (type A2,
      A/PRS, B, Sendai) and of chemical carcinogens (urethane, cancerogenic
      hydrocarbons, diethylnitrosamines, cigarette smoke) in the pathogenesis of lung
      cancer. Both the suggested and already demonstrated mechanisms of the joint
      action of viruses and chemical carcinogens, illustrating the interrelations
      between the two factors in the process of malignant transformation, are
      discussed.

PMID- 372835
TI  - Splenic and thymic histamine forming enzyme activity and weights following organ
      allograft and tumor cell transplantation.
AB  - Kinetic of the increasing activity of histamine forming enzyme--histidine
      decarboxylase in host spleen and thymus, following kidney and heart allografting
      and after tumor cells transplantation is presented.

PMID- 372836
TI  - Antitumor effect of sublethal irradiation caused by its tolerance abrogating
      capacity.
AB  - After the resection of methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcomas, representing 1-
      2% of total body weight, "R" rats were immunized with glutaraldehyde-fixed tumor
      cells, irradiated sublethally [0.1419 C kg-1 (550 R)], and restored
      immunologically by thymus, spleen and bone marrow cells. Afterwards, 87.5% of
      them were able to reject a viable challenge cell graft of 1 X 10(5) cells.
      Sublethal irradiation alone had the same effect, reflected by 90% of rats
      rejecting the grafts. Five control lots were run. They showed that none of the
      treatments, applied to "tumor-resected" animals could provide normal animals with
      the same defense capacity. Results point to the decisive role of the transient
      presence of the tumor in the host and of the sublethal irradiation in restoration
      of its defense capacity. Role of partial tolerance, in producing the host's
      immune inhibition, and of the capacity of irradiation to abrogating it, are
      discussed.

PMID- 372837
TI  - Differential effects of the pineal gland on LH-RH and FSH-RH activity in the
      medial basal hypothalamus of the male golden hamster.

PMID- 372838
TI  - Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) neurons in cultures of fetal rat
      hypothalamus.
AB  - Hypothalamic fragments from 21-day-old fetal rats were cultured in Maximow double
      coverslip assemblies for 1 to 2 months. Neurons containing LH-RH were
      demonstrated immunohistochemically using an antiserum to LH-RH (Dermody; 1:500-
      1:4,000). LH-RH was demonstrable only in neuronal perikarya (8--13 micrometer)
      and in small (less than 1 micrometer) round structures nearby, primarily in
      explants of the median eminence-arcuate nucleus region. Reactive neurons were not
      found in explants of the preoptic area and could not be demonstrated in fetal
      hypothalami at the time of explantation. The presence of mature-looking LH-RH
      containing neurons in these cultures suggests that this tissue culture system can
      be used for the study of hypothalamic development.

PMID- 372839
TI  - The profile and severity of lithium-induced side effects in mentally healthy
      subjects.
AB  - In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design various side effects (=
      unwanted effects) during 6 months of therapeutic serum lithium levels (0.7-1.1
      mmol/1) to nonpsychiatric patients were studied. The side effects were measured
      by self-rating scales and independent observer rating scales administered every 2
      4 weeks throughout the study. After months of treatment, lithium induced hand
      tremor and thirst/polyuria; however, without any relationship to the serum levels
      of lithium. The frequency of tremor was highest in patients above the age of 60
      years. No initial sedative-like lithium effect was found.

PMID- 372841
TI  - An historical note on the phantom limb.

PMID- 372840
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: familial clustering among Libyan-born Israelis.
AB  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease was studied among Libyan-born Israelis, in whom the
      disease appears with unusual frequency. Interviews with relatives of deceased
      victims revealed statistically significant clustering within families. The
      results suggest either a common source of exposure or a genetic influence on
      susceptibility to the virus.

PMID- 372842
TI  - Valproic acid and fatal hepatitis.

PMID- 372843
TI  - Oblique illumination and interference contrast microscopy aids in the taxonomic
      histology of land planarians.

PMID- 372844
TI  - Paying for physician services under Medicare and Medicaid.
AB  - Public systems for physician reimbursement aim to reconcile two disparate
      objectives: ensuring availability of services to the poor and aged; and keeping
      rates of cost increase within acceptable limits. Several interesting--and
      unorthodox--policy simulations of physician pricing behavior are investigated
      through econometric estimation. Current arrangement for paying physicians are
      fraught with difficulties. The objectives of Medicare and Medicaid are not well
      served.

PMID- 372845
TI  - [A new therapy of hepatic insufficiency. Experiments with (+)-3--cyanidanol. Its
      importance in the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis].

PMID- 372846
TI  - [Experiments with a new drug in chronic liver diseases, especially alcohol
      induced].

PMID- 372847
TI  - [The effect of respiratory mechanics on the hematocrit. III. Study in patients
      with bronchopulmonary disease treated with intermittent positive pressure
      inhalation therapy].
AB  - The Authors studied the behaviour of lung volumes and mechanics and of
      haematocrit after intermittent pulmonary positive pressure breathing (IPPB) in
      patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. An improvement of obstructive
      sindrome at 10'-20'-40' and a contemporary decreasing of haematocrit were
      observed. This statistically significant modification was regarded as an
      expression of a different distribution of blood in lung vessels dued to an
      increasing of this vascular compliance and to a decrease of alveolar inflation.
      The Authors postulate the realization of a better circulation in lung vessels
      which contributes to a lowering of haematocrit in these patients perhaps for a
      different VA/Ob ratio.

PMID- 372848
TI  - [Features of liver damage caused by 17-alpha-alkyl-substituted anabolic
      steroids].

PMID- 372849
TI  - [Hepatic porphyria].
AB  - Porphyria is making increasing demands on the attention of clinicians and
      research worker. An account is given of hepatic forms, since these have recently
      come into prominence on account of recent advances in the understanding of their
      metabolic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. A description of the
      physiopathology of porphyrin metabolism is followed by an examination of the
      incidence, genetic features, aetiology, pathogenesis, pathological anatomy,
      symptomatology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of each form. Particular
      attention is devoted to intermittent acute and cutanea tarda porphyria, since
      these are more commonly encountered in practice. Personal experience gathered in
      a large series of cases of cutanea tarda porphyria is presented.

PMID- 372850
TI  - [The books of secrets, the antidotary and other formularies of the Swiss
      physician, J.J. Wecker (1528-1586)].

PMID- 372851
TI  - [Antitubercular chemoprophylaxis after 20 years of its world-wide application].
AB  - The researches carried out on calves (1952--1953) and over 3000 guinea-pigs,
      rabbits and rats in the Forlanini Institute of Rome for five years, are
      remembered. The first clinical experiment on a group of 500 children exposed to
      family contagion (1955--1956) is also related. The links between INH-prophylaxis
      and anti-tuberculous immunity, and between INH-prophylaxis and vaccination with
      BCG are discussed. The clinical indications of this method among miners with
      pneumoconiosis, in the psychiatric institutions, and among patients subjected to
      long cortisone treatment are exposed. A short synthesis of the favorable results
      obtained in many countries everywhere is reported. Lastly the Author synthesizes
      the vast experiment carried out during this decade by I.U.A.T. on the remarkable
      efficacy of INH-prophylaxis among adults with fibrotic lung lesions in seven
      nations in Europe. The Author concludes the paper, affirming that
      chemoprophylaxis with isoniazid, after 20 years of application, has obtained the
      official chrism and can furnish, besides the BCG vaccine, a remarkable
      contribution to the control of tuberculosis in all countries of the world.

PMID- 372852
TI  - [Current status of lung transplants].

PMID- 372853
TI  - [Diagnosis of chronic reflux esophagitis. Role of endoscopic and histological
      examination].
AB  - Fibroendoscopic and histobioptic study of the distal oesophageal mucosa has been
      carried out in a series of patients suffering from gastro-oesophageal
      regurgitation. The regurgitation condition was verified and its extent
      established by means of anamnestic, spot-fluorographic and manometric-pHmetric
      investigations. On the basis of the analysis of relations between the extent of
      the oesophagitis assessed on the basis of endoscopy and that arising out of
      microscopic examination of the biopsy, it is concluded that there is no complete
      correspondence between the two techniques insofar as endoscopy can give false
      positive or false negative results. On the basis of these results and of those of
      functional investigations, histology is considered desirable even when the
      oesophageal mucosa is normal, if there are clinical and/or laboratory signs of
      gastro-oesophageal regurgitation.

PMID- 372854
TI  - [Functional study of the pancreatic alpha and beta cells of normal aged subjects,
      using a standard meal].
AB  - Modifications in glycaemic, insulinaemic and pancreatic glucagon levels have been
      studied in 20 normal elderly subjects and in 20 young adults (controls) following
      a standard meal. Results showed that glycaemia is higher and insulinaemia rises
      more slowly in the elderly, while serum glucagon values show no substantial
      variations in the two groups of subjects.

PMID- 372855
TI  - [The Elizabethan physician, William Gilbert (1540-1603), a pioneer in
      electricity].

PMID- 372856
TI  - [Current acquisitions on neuroblastomas in childhood. Review].

PMID- 372857
TI  - [The portrait of Andreas Vesalius, painted by Calcar, in the Hermitage Museum of
      Leningrad].

PMID- 372858
TI  - [Anti-ammonemic activity of the gamma-ethyl ester of glutamic acid. Controlled
      clinical study].
AB  - A controlled clinical trial was made of the anti-ammoniaemic properties of gamma
      ethylester glutamic acid, arginine and placebo in a series of 45 patients with
      hepatic insufficiency characterized by hyperammonemia (excluding cases of pre
      coma and coma) randomly assigned to three groups for treatment with: gamma
      ethylester of glutamic acid (25 g), l-arginine (25 g) and physiological solution
      in identical 500 ml bottles. Various parameters were controlled. The results
      obtained were assessed with different statistical techniques, depending on the
      parameter concerned and the aims of the trial. Blood ammoniaemia was
      significantly decreased by both-ethylester of glutamic acid and arginine though
      the former was more effective quantitatively and in terms of time. SGOT and BSF
      values also followed the same pattern.

PMID- 372859
TI  - [Giacomo Santori: a difficult comparison].

PMID- 372860
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease--alteration in ganglioside sphingosine in the brain of
      a patient.
AB  - Gangliosides isolated from the brain of patients with Creutzfelt-Jakob (C-J)
      disease were analyzed. The ganglioside current was abnormally low, and the
      percentage distributions of individual gangliosides and the long-chain base
      compositions were abnormal. The C20-sphingosine contents of all the ganglioside
      fractions were low. Abnormalities in ganglioside long-chain bases in adult human
      brain have been reported previously only in patients with inherited metabolic
      disorders. These abnormalities in C-J disease seem to be closely related to the
      cause of the disease.

PMID- 372861
TI  - Nutrition classics: Journal of American Chemical Society volume 60, 1939 pages
      2719--2723 Pantothenic Acid. II. Its concentration and purification from liver.

PMID- 372862
TI  - Lipids of human liver mitochondria.

PMID- 372863
TI  - Autoimmunity in juvenile diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 372864
TI  - Obituary. Kurt Kent-Koplowitz.

PMID- 372865
TI  - Obituary. William James Buchanan McFarland.

PMID- 372866
TI  - Bone and joint complications of maintenance haemodialysis and renal
      transplantation.
AB  - Bone and joint complications of haemodialysis and renal transplant managed at
      Auckland Hospital have been reviewed. All pathological fractures in patients on
      haemodialysis united with conservative treatment and a cervical spine infection
      resolved following currettage of the lesion. Avascular necrosis was the main
      complication following renal transplant, the earliest pathognomonic radiological
      sign being a lucent line parallel to the articular surface, although this was
      often preceded by symptoms. Conservative management successfully controlled
      symptoms of femoral condylar and humeral lesions but only temporary relief was
      gained when the hip was involved. Total hip replacement, however, gave good
      results in all cases (10 hips) without significant operative complications.

PMID- 372868
TI  - Dysuria in general practice.
AB  - An analysis of 98 clinical consultations for dysuria in an urban general practice
      revealed that only 60 percent of patients had proven urinary tract infections.
      Two percent had gonorrhoea and the rest had an urethral syndrome. Most of the
      urinary tract infections were caused by Escherichia coli and Streptococcus
      epidermidis. Proteus mirabilis was the next commonest infecting organism. Among
      the commonly used urinary antimicrobials, nitrofurantoin was found to be the
      cheapest and most effective agent. The aetiology of the urethral syndrome was
      obscure and apart from a small minority of patients who had thrush (16 percent)
      no obvious cause could be found.

PMID- 372869
TI  - Obituary. Thomas Connell Henshall.

PMID- 372867
TI  - Diclofenac in rheumatoid disease.
AB  - The clinical activity and side effects of a new phenyl acetic-acid derivative,
      diclofenac, have been assessed in 24 patients with rheumatoid disease. Diclofenac
      25 mg q.i.d. was compared with 750mg of aspirin BP q.i.d. using a double-blind
      crossover technique involving four weeks on each drug. Benefits were similar for
      the two preparations but with improvement in morning stiffness and incidence of
      dyspepsia favouring diclofenac, and a more marked reduction of the sedimentation
      rate occurring with aspirin. A moderate elevation of liver enzymes was seen in
      one patient on diclofenac, and of lactate dehydrogenase in one other. It is
      concluded that diclofenac is a therapeutically active analgesic anti-inflammatory
      agent.

PMID- 372871
TI  - Contemporary management and conduct of preterm labor and delivery: a review.
AB  - Current concepts in the conduct of preterm labor and management of delivery of
      the premature infant are reviewed. Pharmacologic modalities available for
      inhibiting preterm labor are discussed as well as the efficacy, indications and
      contraindications for these agents. An analysis of the role of corticosteroids in
      achieving fetal pulmonary maturity in the preterm infant is reviewed, and based
      on the existent literature the intrapartum management of the small fetus is
      outlined. The mode of delivery, vaginal or via cesarean section, for these
      infants is likewise discussed.

PMID- 372870
TI  - Thrombocytopenia in obstetric syndromes. A review.
AB  - Thrombocytopenia is a phenomenon sometimes observed in connection with various
      obstetric syndromes. Many times it appears clinically to be a comparatively
      benign complication of an otherwise significant disease. In some cases, however,
      it may be a clue to serious disease and its pathophysiology. The subject of
      thrombocytopenia induced by or related to various obstetric syndromes is reviewed
      and comments offered regarding the significance of the observation of platelet
      deficiency in these conditions.

PMID- 372872
TI  - The role of C. albicans in denture stomatitis.
AB  - Denture stomatitis is an erythematous disorder of the denture-bearing tissues,
      especially the maxillary hard palate. Frequently it mimics many oral lesions.
      Early diagnosis of the lesion is essential to assure rational therapy. A
      diagnostic procedure based upon the enumeration of Candida albicans appeared to
      be feasible. A control group of twenty fully dentate subjects with no clinical
      evidence of stomatitis was sampled to establish normal concentrations of C.
      albicans in the oral flora. Samples were taken from a triangular area of the hard
      palate, serially diluted in broth, and all dilutions were incubated aerobically.
      In the control population, C. albicans never exceeded 100 organisms per square
      centimeter per subject sample. A population of edentulous patients with denture
      stomatitis, prior to any therapy, was similarly sampled. In many of these
      patients the concentration of C. albicans always exceeded 10,000 organisms per
      square centimeter per patient. The patients received denture replacements and
      antimycotic antibiotic therapy. Follow-up cultures were taken 4 to 6 weeks after
      completion of therapy. All patients were found to be free of denture stomatitis.

PMID- 372874
TI  - OCDS membership directory 1978-79.

PMID- 372873
TI  - The effects of etching enamel with acid on human dental pulp. A preliminary
      study.
AB  - Enamel acid-etching has become a widespread, popular clinical procedure in recent
      years. Numerous studies have investigated the nature of the acid-treated enamel.
      However, little or no information is presently available pertaining to the
      effects of acid treatment upon dental pulp tissue. A limited investigation was
      carried out on bilateral orthodontic extraction cases to determine the effects of
      enamel acid-etching upon healthy dental pulp. In each of five cases one premolar
      served as the experimental tooth, while the contralateral premolar served as the
      control. After a 24-hour postoperative interval there appeared to be no basic
      histologic difference between the experimental and control groups.

PMID- 372875
TI  - [Tradition, present and future of rehabilitation practices in our Institute].

PMID- 372876
TI  - [Health legislation in the Hungarian Soviet Republic].

PMID- 372878
TI  - [Hungarian students at the University of Vienna in the middle ages].

PMID- 372877
TI  - [Dr Fischhof, Viennese hero of Hungarian independence].

PMID- 372879
TI  - [Disposable chamber for the study of monocyte random migration and chemotaxis].

PMID- 372881
TI  - [Memorandum of Janos Ambo].

PMID- 372880
TI  - [Numismatics and leprosy].

PMID- 372882
TI  - [American Semmelweis medal].

PMID- 372883
TI  - [Effect of alpha methyldopa on the mixed oxygenase system of the liver in man].

PMID- 372884
TI  - [Evaluation of the heterodegeneration theory. III. Karoly Csorsz].

PMID- 372885
TI  - [Demographic problems at the time of the Austro-Hungarian Peace Agreement of
      1967].

PMID- 372886
TI  - [Medical portrait from the 16th century: Ferenc Joel].

PMID- 372887
TI  - [100 years of audiology in Hungary. An essay about the audiometer constructed by
      Endre Hogyes].

PMID- 372888
TI  - [Experience with depot neuroleptics].

PMID- 372889
TI  - [Frigyes Verzar (1886-1979)].

PMID- 372890
TI  - Progress in community pediatric research.
AB  - This review examines three major facets of progress in community pediatric
      research. The number of publications with this orientation has increased
      substantially over a 10-year period, and abstracts submitted to the Ambulatory
      Pediatric Association meetings have doubled. New methodologies are identified and
      their application to ambulatory pediatric care is described. In particular,
      procedures and approaches are examined in the context of recognized criteria for
      sociomedical research.

PMID- 372891
TI  - The minimum physiological mobility requirement for man supported on a soft
      surface.

PMID- 372892
TI  - The identification of soluble adult antigen on the tegumental surface of juvenile
      Fasciola hepatica.
AB  - An antiserum was raised in rabbits against a soluble extract of fresh homogenized
      adult Fasciola hepatica of rat origin and was then absorbed with rat and mouse
      tissue antigens. This antiserum reacted specifically with the surface coat of
      adult flukes, of both rat and mouse origin, by indirect immunofluorescence to
      show the detail of surface spines. When tested against juvenile stages recovered
      from mice the reaction was positive with all but the earliest hepatic parenchyma
      stages. No reaction was present on the tegumental surface of newly excysted
      juveniles or stages 1 or 2 days post-infection (p.i.) whether recovered from the
      peritoneal cavity or the hepatic parenchyma.

PMID- 372893
TI  - The ribosomes of Plasmodium berghei: isolation and ribosomal ribonucleic acid
      analysis.
AB  - Ribosomes and high molecular weight ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) from the
      blood stages of Plasmodium berghei parasites were studied in preparations free
      from host ribosome contamination. Purified malarial ribosomes were isolated in
      high yield from a population of ultrastructurally intact, viable parasites by
      hypertonic lysis with Triton X-100 and differential centrifugation. These
      ribosomes were shown to be derived from active polysomes and could be dissociated
      into subunits by puromycin-0.5 M KCl treatment. Malarial rRNA extracted from
      purified 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits was characterized by electrophoretic,
      sedimentation and base ratio analyses. Like certain other protozoa, the P.
      berghei 40S ribosomal subunit possessed an exceptionally large RNA species (mol.
      wt 0.9 X 10(6), while RNA isolated from the parasite's 60S subunit (mol. wt 1.5 X
      10(6)) was specifically 'nicked' to produce one large component (mol.wt 1.2 X
      10(6)) and one small component (mol.wt 0.3 X 10(6)) in equimolar quantities.
      These rRNA's migrate identically on polyacrylamide gels after heating to 63
      degrees C for 5 min or under denaturing conditions in the presence of formamide,
      indicating an absence of aggregation and non-specific degradation of the rRNA
      species. Base composition studies showed P. berghei rRNA to be low in guanosine
      and cytosine content, as is the case for protozoa generally.

PMID- 372894
TI  - [Drug nephrotoxicity. Why?].

PMID- 372895
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of rat liver after administration of an aminated steroid
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The administration of amino-3 beta hydroxy-20 beta pregnene-5, to the male Wistar
      rat, per os, at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg/24 h, induce the development of a
      chronic active hepatitis. The ultrastructural observation shows slight changes
      only in perilobular hepatocytes at the beginning of treatment; then
      hepatocellular alterations progressively increase and may be observed in the
      whole lobule after 40 and 80 days of treatment; the progression of hepatocellular
      damage is associated with collagen increase and bile duct proliferation. The
      interest of this experimental hepatitis, as a model analogous to human chronic
      active hepatitis, is discussed.

PMID- 372897
TI  - [Study of amino monosaccharides by thermoionic detection in gas-liquid
      chromatography. Application to a pyroglobulin IgM (author's transl)].
AB  - The monosaccharides of proteic samples liberated by methanolysis and submitted to
      trimethylsilylation by the trimethylsilylimidazole (TSIM) are determined by gas
      liquid chromatography. The neutral sugars are detected in simple flame ionization
      (FID) and the amino sugars identified separatively by the use of a thermoionic
      detector (TID) which responds selectively to nitrogenous and phosphorated
      compounds. The method described has been tested on standard mixtures of
      monosaccharides and on a well known glycoprotein : the uromucoid. Then it has
      been applied to a pyroglobulin IgM (mu2, chi2).

PMID- 372896
TI  - Biochemical studies on glomerular basement membrane in human diabetic
      microangiopathy.
AB  - Biochemical modifications of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) in diabetes
      mellitus have been investigated in human subjects. Amino acid analysis and
      electrophoretic study of unfractioned GBM from diabetic and non diabetic kidneys
      showed an increase in hydroxylysine, hydroxyproline and glycine and in the
      glycosylgalactosyl-hydroxylysine (G-G-H) content of diabetic GBM. A decrease in
      1/2 cystine was also demonstrated in diabetes. Fractionation of GBM showed the
      increase in G-G-H observed on unfractioned GBM to reflect a quantitative increase
      of the "collagen" fraction in diabetes, the amino acid composition of this
      fraction remaining unchanged. The decrease in 1/2 cystine demonstrated on
      unfractioned GBM was located in the non collagenous fractions of this structure.

PMID- 372898
TI  - [Lipid particles agglutinated in hyperlipidemias with opalescent sera (author's
      transl)].
AB  - During the five last years, we observed under the microscope all the
      hyperlipidemic sera received in our laboratory, to search a lipid particle
      agglutination. We have retained 24 sera with obvious agglutination (9 types V, 9
      types IV and 6 types IIb), the lipidemia of which was compared, type to type, to
      56 control sera (16 types V, 16 types IV and 24 types IIb), in which no
      agglutination has been found. We observed significant differences in the means of
      cholesterol (CT) triglycerids (TG), vitamin A (VA) and CT/TG, VA/TG and VA/CT
      ratios, comparing agglutinated and control sera. These differences suggest that
      the agglutination phenomenon is in relation with the nature of the lipid
      particles present in the hyperlipidemic sera, which could be "chylomicron
      remnants" in type V hyperlipidemias, and other forms of "remnants" in type IV and
      IIb hyperlipidemias. These "remnants" could result from a blockade of lipolysis.
      This blockade of lipolysis in the agglutinated sera might be related to what is
      known about the authentificated autoimmune hyperlipidemia (AIH). Thus we can
      suppose that hyperlipidemias with obvious serum lipid particle agglutination are
      autoimmune hyperlipidemias.

PMID- 372900
TI  - [Pathophysiology of chronic, bronchial hypersecretion (author's transl)].
AB  - The biochemical and rheological analysis of sputum allows one to detect
      abnormalities of the bronchial secretion and to describe the development of the
      bronchial disease. The main biochemical components of sputum and their biological
      activities are first described. The fibrillar structure of the mucus is related
      to heavy weight glycoproteins and these macromolecules contribute to the
      viscoelastic properties of the bronchial secretion, by their capacity to combine
      with other proteins such as secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA). As the chronic
      bronchial hypersecretory state progresses, the glandular synthesis of mucins
      and/or secretory proteins decreases while the passive filtration of blood-derived
      proteins, such as serumalbumin, increases. Such biochemical changes are
      frequently associated with a rise in viscosity and a loss in elasticity of
      sputum. These rheological modifications result in an impairment of the
      mucociliary clearance and therefore contribute to airway obstruction. The
      assessment of different indices such as the equilibrium in mucin secretion, S
      IgA/serum-albumin ratio, viscosity and elasticity of sputum and its mucociliary
      transport rate, should lead to a better knowledge of the defense properties of
      the bronchial mucosa.

PMID- 372899
TI  - [Investigation of circulating immune complexes in some diseases associated with a
      platelets hyperdestruction process (author's transl)].
AB  - A possible relationship between the presence of circulating immune complexes
      (CIC) and the platelet-bound IgG levels was investigated in 38 patients with some
      diseases associated with a no drug-related platelets hyperdestruction process of
      which 33 had idiopathic thrombopenic purpura (ITP). By using the 125I-C1q binding
      test, these CIC were only detected in 4 of the 42 tested sera. No correlation was
      noticed between the percentage of C1q binding and the platelet IgG levels
      evaluated by the quantitative hemolysis inhibition test. These results do not
      allow to consider the involvement of CIC in the thrombocytopenia genesis observed
      in these diseases.

PMID- 372901
TI  - [Spectrofluorimetric automatised assay of free and total tryptophan in plasma
      (author's transl)].
AB  - An automated fluorometric method, including norharmane transformation of
      tryptophan (TRP) by formaldehyde and perhydrol, is applied to free and total TRP
      determination in human plasma. Separation of free TRP determination in human
      plasma. Separation of free TRP is achieved by ultrafiltration at pH 7,25 under an
      air/CO2 flow. The procedure here described is easy, rapid and very sensitive,
      allowing to work on microsamples if free TRP separation could be realized with
      them. A correct precision is obtained (CV : 2,8% for plasma repetability) and the
      specificity is quite good in plasma according to the negligible effect of
      tryptamine. Frequent values, calculated from 19 healthy subjects are [mean +/-
      tSE (risk 5%)]:--free TRP : 11,8 +/- 1,5 mumol/l;--total TRP : 52,2 +/- 19,7
      mumol/l.

PMID- 372902
TI  - Skeletal muscle in denervation.

PMID- 372903
TI  - Friedrich Wilhelm Zahn, M.D. (1845--1904): what's my line?

PMID- 372904
TI  - Current problems in the histopathologic diagnosis and classification of Hodgkin's
      disease.

PMID- 372906
TI  - Obituary, Merrick John Justyn O'Reilly, M.B., B.S., F.R.C.P.A.

PMID- 372905
TI  - Autopsy findings in drug addicts.

PMID- 372907
TI  - Retinoblastoma.
AB  - Retinoblastoma is a radiosensitive malignancy of neuroblastic origin that
      primarily affects young children. Its relatively low incidence belies its
      potential importance in the understanding of tumor biology in general. A case is
      made for referral of all retinoblastoma patients to centers with retinoblastoma
      protocols.

PMID- 372909
TI  - Right aortic arch with aberrant left innominate artery.
AB  - A 9-year-old girl with type D right aortic arch anomaly, has been presented. The
      diagnosis was based upon the presence of signs and symptoms of a vascular ring
      and the early visualization of a retroesophageal aberrant left innominate artery,
      by means of countercurrent right brachial angiography. Division of the ligamentum
      arteriosum at operation relieved the symptoms.

PMID- 372908
TI  - Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood. Report of three cases and a
      review of the literature.

PMID- 372910
TI  - Cellular immunity in children with acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic carditis.

PMID- 372911
TI  - Effects of endotracheal tube leaks on functional residual capacity determination
      in intubated neonates.
AB  - The present study evaluates a new closed circuit helium (He) dilution technique
      for determination of endotracheal (ET) tube leakage and functional residual
      capacity (FRC) in neonates with ET tubes. By analytically relating the fall in He
      concentration due to mixing with that due to leakage, it is possible to predict
      the final equilibration concentration of He and, therefore, correct for ET tube
      leaks. The system (120 ml) contains an air pump, He meter, breathing bag in
      cyclinder, a strip chart readout, and solenoid valve. Continuous positive airway
      pressure (CPAP) or ventilator pressure can be applied during testing. FRC
      measurements were performed on 13 neonates (799--4500 g) on CPAP with ET tubes.
      Leak rates were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) on 3 cm H2O CPAP
      compared to O cm H2O CPAP. The mean measured FRC was 53.5 ml at 3 cm H2O and 46.3
      ml at 0 cm H2O CPAP. If gas leakage had not been considered in FRC calculations,
      the error in FRC could have been as high as 39% at 3 cm H2O CPAP and 18% at 0 cm
      H2O CPAP.

PMID- 372912
TI  - Gonadotropin control of mullerian-inhibiting substance.

PMID- 372913
TI  - Luteinizing releasing factor and mullerian-inhibiting substance: a mistake?

PMID- 372914
TI  - [Acid- and enzyme-forming functions of the stomach in peptic ulcer in children].

PMID- 372916
TI  - [Grigorii Semenovich Postol (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 372915
TI  - [Treatment with various antibacterial preparations of children with
      gastrointestinal forms of salmonellosis].

PMID- 372917
TI  - [Disorders of the menarche. Exploration of the gonadotropic axis].

PMID- 372918
TI  - The genesis of racism.

PMID- 372919
TI  - Inhibition by indomethacin of the renal response to an acute saline load in the
      dog.
AB  - The kidneys of sodium-loaded dogs, treated by indomethacin before their
      transplantation to the neck vessels of sodium-depleted animals, lose their
      ability to increase the fractional excretion of sodium following an intravenous
      infusion of saline; they behave similarly to the kidneys of sodium-depleted dogs.
      Moreover, they become unable to potentiate the response of the kidneys of the
      sodium-depleted perfusors. The experimental conditions exclude a direct effect of
      the drug eo ipso. The results indicate that renal prostaglandins are involved in
      the adjustment of the renal response to saline loading, depending on the previous
      dietary sodium balance, and that they are related with the potentiating factors
      released into the blood by the kidneys of sodium-loaded animals.

PMID- 372920
TI  - Influence of calcium and ionophore 23187 on tubular phosphate reabsorption.
AB  - In previous studies it has been demonstrated that a decline of plasma calcium
      concentration accounts for the decrease of phosphate reabsorption in
      thyroparathyroidectomized (TPTX) rats undergoing phosphate loading. Microinfusion
      studies were performed in TPTX rats in order to discriminate between a systemic
      effect of calcium an a direct renal effect. Thyroparathyroidectomized animals
      were infused with a phosphate solution continuously. When plasma calcium
      concentration fell below 1.30 mmol/l, proximal convoluted tubules were
      microinfused with a phosphate tracer solution for 42 min. After 18 min a calcium
      chloride-containing solution was applied superficially (superfused) to the area
      of the microinfused tubule. This elevation of peritubular calcium concentration
      led to an immediate increase of phosphate reabsorption up to 12% of the
      microinfused phosphate load within 24 min. In another series of experiments, the
      calcium specific ionophore A23187--a substance which is known to increase
      intracellular calcium--was superfused on the microinfused tubule. This resulted
      again in an increase of fractional phosphate reabsorption of about 15% after 24
      min. In contrast, when calcium chloride-free as well as ionophore-free solutions
      were superfused fractional phosphate reabsorption decreased (7%). From these data
      we conclude that 1. calcium has a direct renal effect on phosphate reabsorption
      in the absence of parathyroid hormone and 2. intracellular calcium appears to be
      a major parameter in the regulation of renal phosphate transport under these
      conditions.

PMID- 372921
TI  - A fiberoptic reflection densitometer with cardiac output calculator.
AB  - A catheter-tip densitometer for indocyanine green is described consisting of a
      cardiac catheter containing optical fibers, an incandescent light source, a light
      detection unit and a processing unit. Half of the optical fibers guide the light
      to the blood at the tip of the catheter, the other half the back-scattered
      (reflected) light to the detection unit. In the detection unit the light is
      measured by two silicium barrier layer photocells after it has been split into
      two beams by a beam splitter. In the measuring channel the light passes an 800 nm
      filter before reaching the photocell. When fiberoptic catheters with glass fibers
      are employed, the other channel, used for compensation of non-specific effects
      such as blood flow variations, contains no filter, thus measuring light in a
      broad spectral band. It is shown that in this way compensation of flow effects
      may be about two times better than when a 920 nm filter is used. When using
      plastic optical fibers a 950 nm filter must be used, because above lambda = 850
      nm plastic fibers transmit only a band around that wavelength (950 nm). At zero
      dye concentration the densitometer output or ratio of compensating and measuring
      photocell output R/R800 is almost insensitive to changes in haemoglobin
      concentration. When the blood contains dye, however, the influence of haemoglobin
      concentration is considerable. The densitometer output R/R800 is linearly related
      to dye concentration up to 50 mg . 1-1, the output R920/R800 up to 30 mg . 1(-1).
      The output R/R800 decreases with decreasing oxygen saturation; the slope of the
      calibration line, however, appears to be unaffected. The processing unit also
      contains an analog cardiac output calculator consisting of an integrator and a
      divider. Central dye dilution curves recorded from the pulmonary artery after
      injection of dye into the right atrium or a caval vein come down to the baseline.
      At this moment the reading of a digital voltmeter displaying the divider output
      calibrated in 1 . min-1 can be held and the reading taken.

PMID- 372922
TI  - A method for subtraction of the extrarenal "background" in dynamic 131I-hippurate
      renoscintigraphy.
AB  - Using a Toshiba GC-401 gamma camera with MDS computer Trinary a new method was
      developed for subtracting the extrarenal (extracanalicular) "background" from the
      count rate recorded over the kidneys after intravenous administration of 131I
      hippurate. Mean subtraction factors of the "blood" activity curve were calculated
      from a study of 27 patients who were given 51Cr-HSA for purposes of conventional
      renography with "background" subtraction. The values of the mean subtraction
      factors FR,L for the right and left kidney, by which a blood count rate should be
      multiplied amounted to 0.86 +/- 0.12 and 0.79 +/- 0.13, respectively. A
      comparison of the coefficients of variation of the pure renal signal when mean
      vs. individually determined subtraction factors were used, and the verification
      of the method in unilaterally nephrectomized patients have demonstrated that
      determination of the factors, FR,L, for each patient individually is not required
      and sufficient precision can be obtained by using the method and factors reported
      in this study.

PMID- 372923
TI  - [Quantitative sacroiliac joint scintigraphy? (author's transl)].
AB  - Methodological aspects and clinical value of digital sacroiliac joint
      scintigraphy area are described. Preinformation of the observer affects the value
      of the uptake ratios significantly. A data processing is presented which reduces
      this effect. Nevertheless there is insufficient discrimination between normal
      persons and patients with acute inflammation. Routine bone scanning can therefore
      not be used to exclude "inflammatory changes".

PMID- 372924
TI  - The born-again nurse.

PMID- 372925
TI  - Associate degree nursing programs accredited by the National League for Nursing,
      1979.

PMID- 372926
TI  - Vital links: a doctor on the go.

PMID- 372927
TI  - Famous nurses: Rebecca Strong.

PMID- 372928
TI  - Immunology: why many transplants fail.

PMID- 372929
TI  - Rcn Congress. Standards: setting the seal of courage.

PMID- 372930
TI  - Famous nurses: Alicia Lloyd Still.

PMID- 372931
TI  - Immunology: investigations in the laboratory.

PMID- 372932
TI  - Vital links: a job in focus (Phyllis Briggs).

PMID- 372933
TI  - Famous nurses: Alice Gregory.

PMID- 372935
TI  - The unprejudiced basis of bias.
AB  - The results of a study can be invalid if the study population is not chosen
      properly. Four hypothetical examples show how unintentional selection bias can
      occur and how to recognize it in both prospectiveand retrospective studies.

PMID- 372934
TI  - [Pharmacotherapy of asthma and its prospects].

PMID- 372937
TI  - A controlled evaluation of metoprolol.

PMID- 372938
TI  - A man from Beaujolais - (Claude Bernard).

PMID- 372939
TI  - The geography of cancer.

PMID- 372940
TI  - Cancer in children.

PMID- 372936
TI  - Isometheptene compound in the treatment of vascular headache.

PMID- 372941
TI  - Treatment of axillary abscesses with fusidic acid gel.

PMID- 372942
TI  - Dr John Armstrong. (1709 to 1779).

PMID- 372943
TI  - [Pneumonia today (author's transl)].

PMID- 372945
TI  - [Diflunisal--a new long-acting nonsteroidal antirheumatic. Clinical trial versus
      Diclofenac (author's transl)].

PMID- 372946
TI  - [Electrical activity of the myocardium in donors after the withdrawal of large
      doses of bone marrow].

PMID- 372944
TI  - [Suggestion for the investigation of eosinophilia caused by filaria Onchocerca
      volvulus].
AB  - It is proposed to search if by immunological means it is possible to distinguish
      eosinophilia produced by the filaria Onchocerca volvulus from other
      eosinophiliae. The proposed methods also seem to allow the detection of the
      presence of the specific antibodies in other hematic cells.

PMID- 372947
TI  - [Importance of screening tests for hepatitis B antigen and transaminase in blood
      service institutions for the prevention of viral hepatitis].

PMID- 372948
TI  - [Cloning of mouse and dog hematopoietic cells in vivo in diffusion chambers].

PMID- 372949
TI  - Affiliated society information: officers (1978-79). Specialty societies
      affiliated with the Institute of Medicine of Chicago.

PMID- 372950
TI  - Gastric inhibitory polypeptide, cholecystokinin, and secretin effects on insulin
      and glucagon secretion by islet cultures.

PMID- 372951
TI  - Stimulation of RNA synthesis in L-929 cells by rabbit tumor necrosis factor.

PMID- 372952
TI  - Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for mumps virus
      antibodies.

PMID- 372953
TI  - Effect of niridazole on mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation.

PMID- 372954
TI  - [Immunostimulants].

PMID- 372956
TI  - A technique for the absolute measurement of activity using a gamma camera and
      computer.

PMID- 372955
TI  - A model for the cardiac-associated changes of the thoracic electrical impedance
      in man.
AB  - A simple mathematical model has been developed which is able to fit the impedance
      waveform produced by normal and abnormal subjects throughout the cardiac cycle
      with reasonable precision. Contributions from both the aorta and vena cava are
      significant. Fitted values of model parameters offer potentially useful clinical
      information. Estimates of the stroke volume obtained from the model correlate
      will with values derived from the maximum rate of change of the thoracic
      impedance during systole, but are in poorer agreement with values obtained using
      tracer dilution techniques.

PMID- 372957
TI  - The Hospital Physicists' Association Founders' Prize, 1978.

PMID- 372958
TI  - Mitochondrial control of sugar utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 372959
TI  - Temperature-dependent and amber copy mutants of plasmid R1drd-19 in Escherichia
      coli.

PMID- 372960
TI  - Suppression of a thermosensitive dnaA mutation of Escherichia coli by
      bacteriophage P1 and P7.

PMID- 372961
TI  - Construction and BamHL analysis of chimeric plasmids containing EcoRL DNA
      fragments of the F sex factor.

PMID- 372962
TI  - Selection and timing of replication of plasmids R1drd-19 and F'lac in Escherichia
      coli.

PMID- 372963
TI  - Integration of a transposable DNA sequence which mediates ampicillin resistance
      into Clo DF13 plasmid DNA: determination of the site and orientation of TnA
      insertions.

PMID- 372964
TI  - Chromosomal transfer promoted by the promiscuous plasmid RP4.

PMID- 372966
TI  - Preparation of plasmids from lambdoid phages and studies on their
      incompatibilities.

PMID- 372965
TI  - Nonintegrated plasmid-folded chromosome complexes: genetic studies on formation
      and possible relationship to plasmid replication.

PMID- 372967
TI  - Identification and characterization of four new tra cistrons on the E. coli K12
      sex factor F.

PMID- 372968
TI  - Mitochondrial genetics in perspective: the derivation of a genetic and physical
      map of the yeast mitochondrial genome.

PMID- 372969
TI  - Efficient transfer of conjugative plasmids by multipoint inoculation and some
      observations on host range and prevalence of R plasmids.

PMID- 372970
TI  - The insertion element IS1 is a natural constituent of coliphage P1 DNA.

PMID- 372971
TI  - Determination of very thin pili by the bacterial drug resistance plasmid R485.

PMID- 372972
TI  - Molecular cloning of restriction fragments and construction of a physical and
      genetic map of the Escherichia coli plasmid R538-1.

PMID- 372973
TI  - A multiple plasmid-containing Escherichia coli strain: convenient source of size
      reference plasmid molecules.

PMID- 372974
TI  - On plasmid incompatibility.

PMID- 372975
TI  - Transfer of RP4::mu plasmids to Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

PMID- 372976
TI  - Spontaneous formation of cointegrates of the oncogenic Ti-plasmid and the wide
      host-range P-plasmid RP4.

PMID- 372977
TI  - Recombination between an Flac and a mini-FKmr plasmid deleted for an origin of
      replication.

PMID- 372978
TI  - F plasmid incompatibility and copy number genes: their map locations and
      interactions.

PMID- 372979
TI  - Factors affecting the kinetics of progeny formation with F'lac in Escherichia
      coli K12.

PMID- 372980
TI  - The spread of plasmids in model populations of Escherichia coli K12.

PMID- 372981
TI  - A rapid method for extracting DNA from agarose gels.

PMID- 372982
TI  - Construction of plasmid R6K derivatives in vitro: characterization of the R6K
      replication region.

PMID- 372983
TI  - R plasmid R6-5 retains an active tet protein repressor gene.

PMID- 372984
TI  - The effects of reserpine on microcirculatory flow in rat flaps.
AB  - A model flap was developed in the rat which allowed us to quantitate
      microcirculatory blood flow within a flap, and to correlate the flow with the
      length of flap eventually surviving. A critical flow of 0.02 and 0.03 ml/min/gm
      (measured during the first 24 hours after flap elevation by radioactive
      microspheres) appears to be necessary for tissue survival. Reserpine, in a dose
      of 5 mg/kg, did not increase blood flow in the flap or the length of flap
      surviving in this model.

PMID- 372985
TI  - Use of thin, mobile skin flaps in pollicization of the index finger.

PMID- 372986
TI  - Justinian II and Carmagnola: a Byzantine rhinoplasty?
AB  - The Carmagnola statue, although undoubtedly a Byzantine Emperor, still holds its
      secret as to who it actually represents, and how his nose got that way. Our
      tentative conclusions concerning the possibility of Justinian's Indian nasal
      reconstruction only raise other questions. If Justinian Rhinometos did have a
      nasal reconstruction, how was the knowledge of the technique transmitted from
      northern India to the Byzantine Empire by the end of the 7th century? And if
      Justinian did have his "rhinokopia" surgically corrected, would this represent
      the first case of nasal reconstruction in the western world, 900 years before the
      triumphs of Tagliacozzi?

PMID- 372987
TI  - Uses of the trapezius and sternomastoid myocutaneous flaps in head and neck
      reconstruction.
AB  - Both of these myocutaneous flaps can supplant forehead and deltopectoral flaps,
      in certain indications. They are additional arterialized flaps for the
      armamentarium of the reconstructive surgeon, and can be useful in many repairs in
      the head and neck region.

PMID- 372988
TI  - The pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. A versatile flap for reconstruction in
      the head and neck.
AB  - A compound flap is described that utilizes skin from the anterior chest on a
      narrow segment of pectoralis major muscle, with its underlying axial
      neurovascular bundle. This flap has been used successfully to reconstruct large
      defects in 4 consecutive patients. Our experience with this flap suggests that it
      may be more versatile than the deltopectoral flap.

PMID- 372989
TI  - Experimental work with isoxuprine for prevention of skin flap necrosis and for
      treatment of the failing flap.
AB  - The administration of isoxuprine intraperitoneally resulted in the complete
      survival of abdominal island skin flaps in rats that otherwise underwent a
      standard pattern of necrosis. The drug was effective when administered for two
      weeks before and one week after raising the flap, or when administered afterwards
      alone. The mechanisms of its action were investigated and are described.

PMID- 372990
TI  - Free toe-to-fingertip neurovascular flaps.
AB  - Six cases of free toe-to-fingertip neurovascular flaps are presented. The
      principal advantages of this procedure over rotation island flaps are (1)
      achievement of better two-point discrimination, (2) an acceptable donor defect,
      (3) no cortical reorientation is necessary, and (4) there is minimal tension on
      the nerve.

PMID- 372991
TI  - One-stage reconstruction for defects of the mouth using a sternomastoid
      myocutaneous flap.
AB  - The sternomastoid muscle has 3 blood supplies: the occipital artery superiorly,
      the superior thyroid artery in the middle, and the thyrocervical trunk below. We
      report the use of a myocutaneous flap consisting of a "paddle" of skin on the end
      of a pedicle of sternomastoid muscle--with the latter based either on its
      superior or inferior blood supply. Fourteen such flaps have been used
      successfully in 13 consecutive patients for one-stage reconstructions of defects
      of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Although there was partial epithelial loss of
      the skin "paddle" in 7 cases, in each case the surviving dermis became resurfaced
      with epithelium.

PMID- 372992
TI  - The locking loop tendon suture.
AB  - The locking loop tendon suture is suggested as an effective method for suturing
      tendons where tension is likely during the early post-operative period. The
      relationship of the intratendinous parts of the suture to each other is critical
      to the resultant tensile strength. Experimental work has confirmed its strength
      and its lack of interference with the intrinsic vasculature of the tendons. Our
      results from this clinical repair of 72 tendons by this method have been better,
      in general, than we obtained with other currently popular methods.

PMID- 372993
TI  - Latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps in head and neck reconstruction.
AB  - We have found the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap, when used as a "pedicled
      island flap," to be an adaptable and dependable alternative flap for repairs
      after major resections in the head and neck. The long vascular pedicle,
      containing large vessels, provides a means to transfer a large bulk of tissue
      into the head and neck for the repair of major through-and-through defects.

PMID- 372995
TI  - Evaluation of anastomotic techniques in the experimental transfer of free skin
      flaps.
AB  - Vascularized groin flaps were transferred to the contralateral side by various
      microvascular anastomotic techniques. There was no statistical difference between
      the results of end-to-end and end-to-side anastomoses, when the same sized
      vessels were compared. However, significant differences existed when vessels
      smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter were anastomosed.

PMID- 372994
TI  - Angiography of the iliofemoral arteriovenous system supplying free groin flaps
      and free hypogastric flaps.
AB  - The circulatory anatomy of the iliofemoral region was elucidated by doing
      detailed angiography in 50 cases, and we classified the vessels into 4 types. In
      most cases, the s.c.i.a. predominated over the s.i.e.a. Therefore, it is probably
      better to plan free flaps supplied by this artery. This vessel usually arises
      approximately two or three fingerbreadths inferior to the intersection of the
      femoral artery and the inguinal ligament, and the skin flap should be designed in
      the area inferior and parallel to the inguinal ligament.

PMID- 372996
TI  - On spontaneous regeneration of a lost achilles tendon.

PMID- 372997
TI  - Use of skin grafting to keep a scleroderma patient ambulant.

PMID- 372998
TI  - Pathogenesis of skin flap necrosis from an underlying hematoma.

PMID- 372999
TI  - Case report: Reconstruction of the mid-face in an adult, after gangrenous
      destruction in infancy.
AB  - We report a case of an adult mid-face reconstruction for a deformity occurring in
      infancy, using a Le Fort III advancement first to restore the contour of the
      skeleton. This was followed by a scalping forehead flap for the nasal
      reconstruction, and a fleur-de-lis Abbe flap for reconstruction of the lip and
      nasal vestibule.

PMID- 373000
TI  - Case report: Use of skin grafting to keep a scleroderma patient ambulant.
AB  - A case of scleroderma is presented in which there was extensive skin involvement
      with contractures, but without any systemic manifestation. This patient has been
      kept ambulatory by repeated skin grafting. The grafts were taken from the few
      areas which were not involved with the disease. The grafting was successful, and
      so far the skin grafts have remained free of disease.

PMID- 373001
TI  - Case report: Mycotic abscess of paranasal sinuses and orbit.

PMID- 373002
TI  - Renin, cortisol, and aldosterone during transcendental meditation.
AB  - The effects of transcendental meditation (TM) on plasma renin activity (PRA) and
      plasma concentrations of aldosterone, cortisol, and lactate were studied by
      measuring these variables before, during, and after 20--30 min of meditation.
      Subjects, who rested quietly rather than meditating, served as controls. There
      were no differences in the basal values for these variables between meditators
      and controls, but controls, in contrast to meditators, showed a significant
      increase in cortisol between the first (A) and second (B) samples of the control
      period. PRA increased slightly (14%) but significantly (p less than 0.03) during
      TM, but not during quiet rest in controls. Cortisol decreased progressively
      (after sample B) throughout the experiment to the same degree in both groups.
      Aldosterone and lactate did not change. The data do not support the hypothesis
      that TM induces a unique state characterized by decreased sympathetic activity or
      release from stress, but do suggest that meditators may be less responsive to an
      acute stress.

PMID- 373003
TI  - Research directions on comparisons of drugs and psychotherapy in depression
      [proceedings].

PMID- 373004
TI  - The prophylactic effect of lithium and imipramine in bipolar II and unipolar
      patients: a preliminary report [proceedings].

PMID- 373005
TI  - Effects of pimozide on prolactin in children [proceedings].

PMID- 373007
TI  - A pilot study of "low-dose" fluphenazine decanoate in outpatient schizophrenics
      [proceedings].

PMID- 373006
TI  - Depot fluphenazine in the prevention of relapse in schizophrenia: evaluation of a
      treatment regimen [proceedings].

PMID- 373009
TI  - A comparison of haloperidol, behavior therapy, and their interaction in autistic
      children [proceedings].

PMID- 373008
TI  - A controlled clinical trial of amitriptyline added to perphenazine in the
      treatment of depressed schizophrenics [proceedings].

PMID- 373010
TI  - Double-blind assessment of mellaril in a mentally retarded population using
      detailed evaluations [proceedings].

PMID- 373011
TI  - The effects of nabilone, a synthetic cannabinoid, on anxious human volunteers
      [proceedings].

PMID- 373012
TI  - Dothiepin HCl in the treatment of psychoneurosis [proceedings].

PMID- 373013
TI  - Poverty and health in Britain today.

PMID- 373014
TI  - Determination of the distribution of dental care needs of the active duty Army.

PMID- 373015
TI  - [Gingival removal: periodontal and prosthetic considerations].

PMID- 373016
TI  - [Mixed partial bridge].

PMID- 373017
TI  - [Isolated pancreatic islets of Langerhans and insulin biosynthesis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 373018
TI  - [Contraction of isolated smooth muscle cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 373019
TI  - Premature labor and indomethacin.
AB  - Administration of indomethacin to 29 women in the 26th--37th week of gestation
      with premature labor contractions was followed in 26 by a significant decrease of
      uterine activity. The effect of therapy was monitored by serial external
      tocometry recordings and by plasma concentrations of estriol, h.P.L., alpha
      fetoprotein, and estriol/creatinine ratio in urine. The labor was monitored by
      cardiotocography; the new born infants were examined by the pediatrician.
      Following oral indomethacin treatment (25 mg every 6 Hours for 5 days) no
      untoward effects was observed on maternal and fetal wellbeing during pregnancy
      and labor. Four out 29 newborn infants, all appropriate for gestational age of 36
      -40 weeks, had one-minute Apgar scores less than 7, cyanosis, tachypnea,
      hypoxemia and serious oxygen dependency for several days. All the infant
      survived. These abnormalities may be due to short-term exposure to indomethacin
      and consequent inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase, impairement of prostaglandin
      dependent physiological regulation of vessel tone during fetal life and
      circulatory disorders at birth.

PMID- 373020
TI  - Possible role for prostacyclin in human parturition.
AB  - Human amnion, chorion, decidua and placenta produced 6-oxo-PGF1alpha when
      superfused in vitro. Furthermore amnion, an avascular tissue, produced more 6-oxo
      PGF1alpha after labour than all other tissues investigated and its production of
      6-oxo-PGF1alpha was significantly greater after labour than before the onset of
      labour. These findings suggest that prostacyclin production by foetal membranes
      may have a role in the mechanisms controlling human parturition. Moreover, this
      is the first evidence for the production of prostacyclin by an avascular tissue.

PMID- 373021
TI  - 20-Methylprostacyclin: a powerful 'unnatural' platelet aggregation inhibitor.

PMID- 373022
TI  - [Two cases of pulmonary aspergilloma (author's transl)].

PMID- 373023
TI  - [A case of skeletal dissemination of septic foci with disastrous outcome
      (proceedings)].

PMID- 373024
TI  - [Prostaglandins].

PMID- 373025
TI  - [Robert Debre and public health].

PMID- 373026
TI  - [An epidemiological study of foci of S. mansoni bilharziosis in Minkana and
      Nalassi (Lekie Division, Cameroun) (author's transl)].
AB  - The epidemiological survey involved the examination of the total population of
      the two villages as well as the investigation of the freshwater snails in the
      neigbouring waters bodies. Biomphalaria camerunensis and Biomphalaria pfeifferi
      were found to be the intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni. The cassage of
      eggs in the stools was more frequently observed in two groups, those aged 10-19
      years and in the elderly women. The study of the prevalence of the disease by
      means of the indirect immunofluorescence technique on frozen sections of S.
      mansoni revealed that already in childhood the percentage of subjects with
      circulating antibodies is high. This percentage remains elevated in subsequent
      age groups. The geometrical mean reciprocal titers show an age and sex pattern
      similar to that found for prevalence. Both the percentage of positive indirect
      immunofluorescence tests and their respective titers were higher in patients with
      eggs in their stools. The immunological reaction using homologous S. mansoni
      antigen is more sensitive than that with heterologous S. haematobium antigen.

PMID- 373027
TI  - [First apparatus for ether anesthesia].

PMID- 373028
TI  - Abnormalities of the genital tract following stilbestrol exposure in utero.

PMID- 373029
TI  - Pathologic effects of oral contraceptives.
AB  - The pathologic effects of oral contraceptives have been described in this paper
      and in other reviews [1, 5, 23, 35, 44, 48, 59, 80, 103, 114]. Approximately 10
      million women currently use oral contraceptives in the United States. These drugs
      are beneficial both to the users and for population control. It is their effect
      on the health status of women who take them that must continue to have well
      organized investigation so that more meaningful conclusions concerning their
      safety will permit continued use. In some instances, the pathologic effects of
      oral contraceptives make it necessary that new methods of contraception be found.
      Intensive research in this area is needed and judiciuos use of oral
      contraceptives must be maintained. A national registry should be formed to record
      and investigate the cases of women who die or have adverse reactions while taking
      these agents. A registry might identify associations no previously known to exist
      in patients taking oral contraceptives. It would serve to concentrate the data in
      one area so that more material would be available for the study of pathogenetic
      mechanisms. It would heighten patient and physician awareness of the untoward
      effects and increase the responsibilities of the women who take them to monitor
      their own health.

PMID- 373030
TI  - [Reconstructive microsurgery in use of CO2-laser (author's transl)].
AB  - CO2-Laser is presented for application in reconstructive operations. At cornua
      uteri and urine bladders of rabbits excisions were undertaken. The free wound
      edges were approximated and coagulated by laser irradiation. After these
      operations 70% (uterus) respectively 90% (urine bladder) of the organs remained
      fully functionable.

PMID- 373032
TI  - Immunity to experimental enteritis in lambs vaccinated prenatally.

PMID- 373031
TI  - Effect of endometrial damage and prostaglandin F 2 alpha on experimental cystic
      ovarian follicles in the cow.

PMID- 373033
TI  - Detection of Border disease antigen in tissues of affected sheep and in cell
      cultures by immunofluorescence.
AB  - An account is presented of the distribution of fluorescence in cryostat sections
      of tissues from eight lambs with Border disease (BD). In young lambs fluorescence
      was observed in almost every organ, indicating a generalised infection with BD
      virus. Fluorescence was most prominent in the secretory glands of the alimentary
      and respiratory tracts, the basal cell layers of the epidermis and mucous
      membranes, and in the medullary rays of the kidneys. Abomasum, pancreas, kidneys,
      testicles and thyroid were most consistently affected. Although the number of
      fluorescing tissues decreased with age, viral antigen could still be detected in
      two sheep of 22 and 52 weeks old. Border disease viral antigen was demonstrated
      in cell cultures derived from the brain, kidney and testicle of six out of seven
      lambs despite the presence of neutralising antibody against bovine virus
      diarrhoea virus in three of them. The presence of the virus in the skin, the
      vascular walls and the endocrine system is discussed in relation to the aberrant
      development of fetal hair follicles, periarteritis and growth retardation
      respectively.

PMID- 373034
TI  - Lymphocyte unresponsiveness to PPD tuberculin in badgers infected with
      Mycobacterium bovis.
AB  - Lymphocyte transformation tests using phytohaemagglutinin and concanavalin A
      showed that both T and B lymphocytes are functional in tuberculous badgers. Dose
      response curves indicated that purified protein derivative sensitised lymphocytes
      were suppressed when cultured in the presence of the antigen.

PMID- 373035
TI  - Immunosuppressive effect of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax on the
      secondary immune response of cattle to Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides.
AB  - Trypanosoma congolense and T vivax infections in cattle were shown to have a
      suppressive effect on the secondary humoral immune response to M mycoides. The
      trypanosome infections caused an involution of the thymus. The secondary response
      was biphasic in nature and was unrelated to infection with trypanosomes.

PMID- 373036
TI  - Gynandromorph fate maps in Drosophila.

PMID- 373037
TI  - Cell lineage and differentiation in Drosophila.

PMID- 373038
TI  - The relationship between cell lineage and differentiation in the early mouse
      embryo.

PMID- 373039
TI  - Sexual differentiation in mammalian chimaeras and mosaics.

PMID- 373040
TI  - Drosophila chimeras and the problem of determination.

PMID- 373041
TI  - Estimating primordial cell numbers in Drosophila imaginal discs and histoblasts.

PMID- 373042
TI  - Cell lineage relationships in the Drosophila embryo.

PMID- 373043
TI  - [Cytochemical observations on rheumatoid synovial fluid].

PMID- 373044
TI  - [Rheumatoid arthritis in children and related forms. Updating of nomenclature,
      nosography, clinical manifestations and therapy, with reference to the EULAR/WHO
      workshop on the care of rheumatic children, Oslo, March 1977].

PMID- 373045
TI  - [Mixed venous blood (author's transl)].

PMID- 373046
TI  - [Diagnosis of mitral insufficiency by cross-sectional echocardiography (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 373047
TI  - [Prof. Rene Grimaud].

PMID- 373048
TI  - [Prof Gabriel Decroix, Lille (France ) (1920-1978)].

PMID- 373049
TI  - [Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (author's transl)].

PMID- 373050
TI  - [Tribute to Academician Dr. Enrique Laval on the 8th anniversary of his death].

PMID- 373051
TI  - [Treatment of benign diseases of the breast].

PMID- 373052
TI  - [Partial coronal anchorages: clinical problems concerning vital molars and
      premolars].

PMID- 373053
TI  - [Inlay-onlay as a means of anchorage for partial occlusal covering].

PMID- 373054
TI  - [Particular structure for the preparation of a shoulder with the help of a new
      diamond bur].

PMID- 373055
TI  - [Physiochemical characteristics of composites with regard to problems of
      adhesion].

PMID- 373056
TI  - [Orientation of animals by place and time].

PMID- 373057
TI  - Pathophysiology of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids.

PMID- 373058
TI  - [Value of different diagnostic tests for Micrococcaceae and their implication in
      pathology].
AB  - A number of 1431 products were examined and 200 coagulase-negative micrococcaceae
      strains were isolated and identified. On the basis of morphological aspects,
      enzymatic reactions and behavioural testing to antibiotics 18 strains (9%) were
      listed as Micrococcus and 182 (91%) as Staphylococcus strains. Efficient among
      the tests used for differentiating between the two genera were : microscopic
      aspects, pigmentogenesis, resistance to ClNa, anaerobic glucose fermentation,
      glycerol fermentation in the presence of erythromycin, reduction of nitrates to
      nitrites, and testing to novobiocin. Other tests, due to their variability, could
      only be used conjointly, and, finally, a further category had no diagnostic
      value, such as oxidase and catalase tests or the rhamnose fermentation reaction.
      Both the Micrococcus and the Staphylococcus strains were isolated from
      pathological cases and from healthy carriers, and can therefore be listed in the
      group of potential pathogens.

PMID- 373059
TI  - [Smoking].

PMID- 373060
TI  - [Mental confabulation and a general hypothesis on the modality of logical and
      critical processes].

PMID- 373061
TI  - [Intellectual and perceptual activities under conditions of tachistoscopic
      vision. Comparison with the same activities under normal conditions and doctrinal
      considerations].

PMID- 373062
TI  - [Immunologic methods for the study of the immunodeficient patient].

PMID- 373064
TI  - Newer aspects of therapy for obstructive pulmonary disease.

PMID- 373063
TI  - Medicine in nineteenth-century Montana.

PMID- 373065
TI  - [Endocrinology in 1979].

PMID- 373066
TI  - [New aspects of the Stein-Leventhal syndrome].

PMID- 373067
TI  - Newer insights into the role of cholesterol in atherogenesis.

PMID- 373068
TI  - The importance of cytogenetic investigation of the couples with multiple
      spontaneous abortions and malformed offsprings.

PMID- 373069
TI  - The pituitary gonadotropin response to LHRH stimulation in two female patients
      with olfacto-genital syndrome.

PMID- 373070
TI  - [The 55th birthday of Prof. Vladimir Balas D. Sc. coresponding member of the
      Czechoslovak Academy of Science].

PMID- 373071
TI  - Prophylactic effect of cimetidine in gastric ulcer patients.
AB  - Nineteen patients entered a double-blind randomized trial of the prophylactic
      effect of cimetidine in gastric ulcer disease. The diagnosis of gastric ulcer had
      been established endoscopically prior to the trial, but at the time of entry the
      patients were symptom-free and their ulcers had healed. The patients received
      either cimetidine, 400 mg twice daily or inactive tablets. Ten cimetidine-treated
      patients completed 12 months' treatment without suffering a recurrence of
      symptoms, whereas 5 of 9 placebo-treated patients suffered a symptomatic relapse
      after 7 to 18 weeks (P less than 0.025). In 4 of the 5 patients an ulcer was
      found at gastroscopy. It is concluded that maintenance treatment with cimetidine
      helps to prevent symptomatic relapses in gastric ulcer patients.

PMID- 373072
TI  - Comparison of glucagon, atropine, and placebo as premedication for endoscopy of
      the upper gastrointestinal tract.
AB  - The effects of 0.5 mg glucagon and 0.5 mg atropine given intravenously as
      premedication in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy have been examined and compared
      to those of placebo (0.9% NaCl) in a double-blind study involving 36 patients and
      1 endoscopist. The results showed no difference between atropine, glucagon, and
      placebo with regard to vomiting, opening of the pylorus, feeling of discomfort,
      or the success of the examination. Glucagon significantly reduced peristalsis
      compared with both atropine (p less than 0.01) and placebo (p less than 0.01).
      The reflux was also significantly reduced by glucagon compared with both atropine
      (p less than 0.01) and placebo (p less than 0.01). No difference was found
      between glucagon and atropine with regard to secretion, but both drugs reduced
      the secretion compared with placebo (p less than 0.05). Glucagon also reduced the
      secretion of mucus compared with placebo (p = 0.05). No adverse effects occurred.

PMID- 373073
TI  - Serum concentration of trimipramine (Surmontil) and gastric secretion of acid and
      pepsin following peroral administration of the drug in healthy humans.
AB  - Previous blind studies have shown an increased rate of healing of both duodenal
      and gastric ulcers following 4 weeks peroral administration of 50 mg
      trimipramine. The present study shows the effect of 50 mg trimipramine perorally
      on gastric secretion in relation to that of 25 mg of the drug and placebo. At
      regular intervals blood specimens were obtained for determination of the serum
      concentration of trimipramine. In 9 healthy young students it was found that the
      estimated stabilized values of volume and acid output following 50 mg
      trimipramine, 33 ml and 3.9 mmol/15 min, respectively, were significantly lower
      than those following the smallest dose, 37 ml and 4.6 mmol/15 min, respectively.
      On the other hand, no significant changes of gastric secretion were observed
      following the peroral administration of 25 mg trimipramine when compared to
      placebo. Following 50 mg trimipramine the output of pepsin was reduced by about
      25%. The values of serum concentration of trimipramine were about 200 nmol/1 at
      100 min after administration of 50 mg trimipramine and decreased gradually,
      whereas the values following the smaller dose were about half of those after the
      larger one. The results indicate that about 50 mg trimipramine is needed for
      obtaining a reduction of gastric secretions. Future studies may show whether 25
      mg trimipramine, which does not suppress acid secretion when given perorally, is
      able to promote peptic ulcer healing.

PMID- 373074
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of exudative macrophages in malignant lymphoma.
AB  - The possible value of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of skin window
      preparations in the clinical situation has been investigated with reference to 48
      hour macrophages in 26 patients with malignant lymphoma. The preparations were
      processed for SEM using critical point drying and sputter coating. Identification
      of macrophages was made with reference to light microscopy both of parallel
      preparations and of specimens already studied by SEM. Distinctive SEM appearances
      were present in most of the patients. Although many macrophages were similar to
      those from normal subjects, the majority showed a more variable morphology
      including the presence of ruffles and coarse ridge-like profiles. Highly
      significant differences were found on statistical analysis. It is suggested that
      immaturity of the 48-hour macrophages is present in some patients with malignant
      lymphoma (perhaps reflecting the macrophage dysfunction already described in
      these diseases). The findings indicate the potential clinical application for
      this technique.

PMID- 373075
TI  - A new pre-irradiation conditioning regimen which protects against radiation
      injury and facilitates engraftment of xenogeneic bone marrow.
AB  - Administration of a large number of xenogeneic (rat) bone marrow cells before
      lethal, total body irradiation in mice (preconditioning regimen) results in
      powerful protection from radiation damage, remarkable prolongation of their
      survival, facilitation of marrow engraftment and induction of rat chimerism. This
      protective effect is not exerted by thymus or spleen cells and does not depend on
      specific immune mechanisms. The preconditioning regimen is more efficient when
      the bone marrow cells are viable and when the cells are inoculated intravenously
      a few hours before irradiation.

PMID- 373076
TI  - Antigenic analysis of Mycobacterium leprae.
AB  - About twenty distinct antigenic components have been demonstrated in
      Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) by crossed immunoelectrophoresis against a
      rabbit antiserum produced by immunization with concentrated M. leprae antigen.
      This system allows a more detailed analysis of the antigenic relationship between
      M. leprae and other mycobacteria and a better characterization of the antigenic
      content of various M leprae preparations than with previously available anstisera
      of the antigenic content of various M. leprae preparations than with previously
      available antisera which reacted with far fewer components. The antibody activity
      in sera of patients with lepromatous leprosy was studied by incorporating the
      sera into the intermediate gel of the M. leprae reference system. Antibodies were
      found against only seven of the components. Since those compared are all known to
      be cross-reacting widely with antigens of other mycobacteria, it is speculated
      that cross-immunization may influence the antibody response in lepromatous
      leprosy.

PMID- 373077
TI  - Opportunistic yeast-pathogens in mycoses. Isolation and identification.

PMID- 373078
TI  - Diagnosis of cryptococcosis and systemic mycoses arising in a geographically non
      endemic area.

PMID- 373079
TI  - Treatment of opportunistic systemic mycoses.

PMID- 373080
TI  - Laboratory tests of antifungal drugs in treatment of systemic mycoses.

PMID- 373081
TI  - New antifungal drugs in the therapy of systemic mycoses.

PMID- 373082
TI  - A long-term assessment of the efficacy and safety of multiple oral doses of
      fenbufen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 373083
TI  - Fenbufen and indomethacin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A comparative
      double-blind, crossover study.

PMID- 373084
TI  - A comparative, double-blind study on tolfenamic acid in the treatment of
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Sixty patients with diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis were treated at random with
      tolfenamic acid, a new nonsteroid anti-inflammatory analgesic, in a daily dose of
      600 mg, or with phenylbutazone 300 mg or acetylsalicylic acid 1,500 mg daily.
      Both the patients and the physician found that tolfenamic acid had a clearly
      better effect than phenylbutazone or the low-dose acetylsalicylic acid used as a
      control. Tolfenamic acid and acetylsalicylic acid were well tolerated. Serious
      side-effects (leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in one case, hematemesis and melena
      in another) only occurred in those patients who received phenylbutazone.

PMID- 373085
TI  - A comparative clinical study of a new antirheumatic agent, tolfenamic acid
      (Clotam), and phenylbutazone in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A double-blind crossover study was carried out in 33 patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis using a new anthranilic acid derivative, tolfenamic acid, and
      phenylbutazone. Each drug was given in doses of 100 mg 3 times daily. Both
      periods of treatment lasted 3 weeks. Objective and clinical studies of the
      antirheumatic effect showed no significant difference between the two forms of
      treatment. On phenylbutazone treatment, however, there were significantly greater
      numbers of, and more serious, side-effects (especially dyspeptic symptoms and
      fluid retention) than on tolfenamic acid treatment.

PMID- 373086
TI  - Tolfenamic acid in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - In an open trial of three months' duration the clinical effect of tolfenamic
      acid, a new nonsteroid anti-inflammatory analgesic, was found to be good in 85
      patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Both subjective and objective
      parameters clearly improved, and corticoid therapy could be abandoned by 21% of
      the patients. Tolfenamic acid was for the most part better than or as good as,
      the previous medication by which the disease had been brought to a stabile state.
      Side-effects were mild, no severe adverse reactions were observed which could be
      definitely attributed to tolfenamic acid.

PMID- 373087
TI  - IgG-, IgM- and IgA-rheumatoid factors in healthy adults and rheumatoid patients
      determined by an indirect immunofluorescence method.
AB  - Sera from 173 healthy adults and 55 rheumatoid patients were studied for IgG-,
      IgM- and IgA-rheumatoid factors (RFs) by a modification of Este's indirect
      immunofluorescence method. Rabbit IgG bound to smeared sheep red cells was used
      as antigen. With each serum tested a smear on non-sensitized cells was used as
      control antigen. Anti-IgG of the sera studied, binding to the antigen, was
      demonstrated by fluorescein-conjugated antisera, monospecific for gamma, mu and
      alpha chains, and not containing antibodies to sheep erythrocytes or rabbit IgG.
      Positive reactions were obtained with IgG as antigen, but not with the F(ab')2
      fragment. The sera tested were treated with dithiothreitol before they were
      assayed for IgG-RF, in order to abolish false-positive reactions due to IgM-RF
      activity. The detection limit for IgM-RF was 1 IU per ml. IgM-RF titres of 9
      occurred in 7% of healthy adults and 73% of rheumatoid patients, titres greater
      than or equal to 18 in 3.5% and 67% respectively. IgG-RF titres of 9 occurred in
      9% of healthy adults, 21% of seronegative and 24% of seropositive rheumatoid
      patients. Titres of 18 occurred in 3% of healthy adults and in 14% of
      seronegative rheumatoid patients. Titres of greater than or equal to 18 occurred
      in 22% of seropositive rheumatoid patients. IgG-RF was correlated with an
      involvement of more than 20 joints. IgA-RF was found in 83% of seropositive, 11%
      of seronegative rheumatoid patients and in none of the healthy adults (serum
      dilution 1:9).

PMID- 373088
TI  - Double-blind placebo-controlled evaluation of levamisole in chronic rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - Thirty-three out-patients with rheumatoid arthritis completed the study intended
      to compare under double-blind conditions, 50 mg levamisole tablets with placebo.
      Patients were given the double-blind medication at a dosage of one tablet t.i.d.
      for 3 months, and at a dosage of one tablet t.i.d., on 2 consecutive days every
      week for the next 3 months. Pain score, duration of morning stiffness, articular
      index and E. S. R. were recorded at the start of treatment, after 3 months of
      treatment and at the end of treatment. The levamisole patients made significantly
      better progress than did the placebo patients: for E.S.R. after 3 months of
      treatment, and for E.S.R., pain and morning stiffness by the end of treatment.
      Ten levamisole patients and 5 placebo patients reported adverse reactions. These
      were mainly gastrointestinal symptoms in the levamisole-treated patients.

PMID- 373089
TI  - Cystic fibrosis compared with the immotile-cilia syndrome. A study of mucociliary
      clearance, ciliary ultrastructure, clinical picture and ventilatory function.
AB  - Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) were investigated for mucociliary clearance
      (with and without stimulation by terbutaline), clinical picture, ventilatory
      function and ultrastructure of cilia. The results were compared with those of
      patients with congenitally immotile cilia (immotile-cilia syndrome). Mucociliary
      clearance could be demonstrated in all the seven CF patients who succeeded in
      inhaling the test aerosol. Ciliary ultrastructure from a deceased CF patient was
      normal. Patients with the immotile cilia syndrome had no substantial clearance
      and defective cilia. The CF patients coughed more during the clearance
      measurements than any other group studied earlier, and their coughing was
      effective. One patient succeeded in avoiding coughing in both measurements and
      had faster clearance when he got terbutaline than when he got the vehicle.
      Although younger, the CF patients tended to be more obstructed in their lungs and
      more handicapped than the patients suffering from the immotile-cilia syndrome.
      The latter patients had more discomfort from rhinitis, sinusitis and otitis than
      had the CF patients. An impairment of the mucociliary transport rate is hence
      unlikely to be a primary pathogenic factor for the respiratory tract disease in
      CF patients.

PMID- 373090
TI  - Long-term trial of an alpha adrenoceptor blocking drug (Indoramin) in asthma. A
      preliminary report.
AB  - Eight patients suffering from both asthma and migraine underwent a clinical trial
      for 3 months of indoramin, an alpha adrenoceptor antagonist with antihistamine
      and antiserotonin activity. Patients were told indoramin was prescribed for
      migraine prophylaxis. In three asthmatic patients there was a marked increase in
      airflow meter (AFM) readings which were recorded daily, the remaining five
      showing no significant change or a decrease in AFM readings. Indoramin did not
      appear to potentiate the action of the beta sympathomimetic aerosols. It is
      suggested that a small population of asthmatic patients may derive therapeutic
      benefit from an alpha adrenoceptor antagonist. Seven of the eight patients
      experienced a 50% decrease in the frequency of their migraine headaches.

PMID- 373091
TI  - Historical aspects of anticholinergic treatment of obstructive airways disease.

PMID- 373092
TI  - The efficacy of terbutaline and fenoterol aerosols on adult exercise-induced
      asthma [proceedings].

PMID- 373093
TI  - Problems of inhalation therapy.

PMID- 373094
TI  - Clinical trials in asthma.

PMID- 373095
TI  - Some aspects on bronchial challenges for evaluation of anti-allergic drugs.

PMID- 373096
TI  - Prolongation of rat cardiac allograft survival by donor pretreatment. Impact of
      dose and timing of drug administration.
AB  - We investigated the effect of two variables, the time interval between drug
      administration and transplant removal and the dosage of the drug, on the
      prolongation of rat heart allograft survival via donor pretreatment. A maximal or
      near-maximal survival-prolonging effect was recorded when the drug was given at
      least 6 hours before removal of the transplant; extension of pretreatment beyond
      that time had relatively little effect on the outcome of the graft. A maximal
      survival prolonging effect was obtained with all of the test drugs,
      cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, hydroxyurea, busulfan and procarbazine, in doses
      of LD-50. The therapeutical margin was small, however, as doses of 0.5 x LD-50
      and 2 X LD-50 were clearly inferior in their effect.

PMID- 373097
TI  - Mechanical and conventional manual sutures of the bronchial stump. A comparative
      study of 298 surgical patients.
AB  - A U.S.-made TA-30 model stapling device was utilized to close the bronchial stump
      in 146 patients, while conventional manual suturing with chromic catgut was
      performed for the same purpose in 152 patients. The two groups were comparable in
      respect of pre-operative status and operative diagnosis. Patients, in whom the
      stapler was utilized, showed a decreased incidence of bronchial fistula (1% vs.
      3%) and empyema without fistula (1% vs. 3%). The stapler, compared with
      conventional manual sutures, allows a simpler and swifter suture of the bronchial
      stump, reduces the contamination of the operative field, achieves uniform and
      tighter closure of the bronchus, leaves a better preserved terminal blood
      perfusion of the stump and utilizes a more tolerated sewing material with less
      resultant tissue inflammation.

PMID- 373098
TI  - [Long-term, complete remission in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma following high-dosage
      combination therapy with or without autologous bone marrow transplantation].
AB  - 22 patients with malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma resistant to conventional
      chemotherapy were treated with high-dose combination chemotherapy followed in the
      first 12 patients by infusion of their cryopreserved autologous bone marrow. The
      next 10 patients received chemotherapy alone. Four patients died shortly after
      chemotherapy. Four patients remain in unmaintained remission 40, 30, 20 and 8
      months after treatment. Patients receiving cryopreserved marrow recovered
      leukocyte, granulocyte and platelet function significantly faster and had
      significantly fewer febrile days than did controls. These findings demonstrate
      that high dose combination chemotherapy may benefit some patients unresponsive to
      conventional chemotherapy, and that cryopreserved bone marrow can speed
      hematopoetic recovery and be of clinical benefit to the patient.

PMID- 373099
TI  - [Atenelol and bendrofluazide in the treatment of medium and severe hypertension
      (preliminary report)].
AB  - In 15 patients with moderate to severe hypertension (WHO II--III) atenolol was
      evaluated against a thiazide diuretic (bendrofluazide) in a single blind
      crossover study. Systolic blood pressure values were lowered more efficiently by
      the diuretic, while diastolic pressure values were significantly better
      controlled by atenolol. Atenolol and bendrofluazide, by mere addition of the
      pressure effects of the single components, clearly afforded the best pressure
      control. Side effects of atenolol were frequent but mild, never causing major
      concern with the patients or a dropout from the study. Although the pressure
      response to atenolol was significantly better in the normal and high renin group
      of patients, there was no statistically significant correlation between the
      reduction in plasma renin and blood pressure induced by atenolol. In turn, the
      pressure response to the diuretic was significantly better in low renin than in
      normal and high renin patients.

PMID- 373100
TI  - [Experiences with a new hypouricemic diuretic (tienilic acid): comparison with
      hydrochlorothiazide].
AB  - A new hypouricemic diuretic (tienilic acid) was compared with hydrochlorothiazide
      in a double-blind study in 8 patients with mild essential hypertension. After a
      two-week placebo period the patients received either 250 mg tienilic acid or 50
      mg hydrochlorothiazide in a single daily dose for 3 weeks. After a second placebo
      period of 2 weeks the patients received, in a crossover design, either tienilic
      acid or hydrochlorothiazide for a further 3 weeks. The reduction of blood
      pressure and of body weight was similar for both drugs. When treatment was
      started diuresis and natriuresis increased with tienilic acid and with
      hydrochlorothiazide. Whereas serum sodium levels showed only minor variations,
      serum potassium levels fell with both diuretics and urinary potassium excretion
      increased. Urinary calcium excretion decreased and serum calcium levels slightly
      increased under both treatments. Both diuretics induced similar increases of
      plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration and aldosterone-18
      glucuronide excretion. Blood urea nitrogen and, to a lesser extent, serum
      creatinine levels were raised slightly under both drug regimens. Whereas the
      serum uric acid level rose and remained elevated for the duration of
      hydrochlorothiazide treatment, it fell significantly and remained lowered during
      treatment with tienilic acid. Uric acid clearance was about twice as high with
      tienilic acid as with hydrochlorothiazide. Tienilic acid therefore appears to be
      a therapeutic alternative to thiazides and other hyperuricemic diuretics in
      hypertensive patients in whom hyperuricemia should be avoided or corrected.

PMID- 373101
TI  - Medical treatment of duodenal ulcer.
AB  - Recent controlled clinical trials have shown that acute episodes of duodenal
      ulcer can be treated successfully with either anti-secretory (cimetidine), mucosa
      protective (carbenoxolone, organic bismuth preparation) or antacid drugs. For
      prevention of recurrence, only cimetidine has thus far proved effective. A
      critical review is presented of the advantages and disadvantages of these drugs
      in conservative ulcer therapy.

PMID- 373102
TI  - Angiography in the diagnosis and therapy of acute upper gastrointestinal
      bleeding.
AB  - The value of angiography in the diagnosis and therapy of acute upper
      gastrointestinal bleeding is discussed. Based on experience with diagnostic
      angiography in over 350 acute gastrointestinal bleeders and therapeutic
      interventional angiography in more than 150 of them several principles are
      illuminated. Angiography should be used after emergency endoscopy and a trial of
      medical therapy. Selective vasoconstrictive therapy is highly effective in
      controlling bleeding from superficial mucosal lesions although less effective for
      bleeding from major arteries as is seen in peptic ulcers. Selective transcatheter
      occlusive therapy is a fast and effective method for controlling arterial
      bleeding in appropriates cases. For variceal bleeding low dose intravenous
      infusion of vasopressin is as effective in decreasing portal pressure and blood
      flow as is selective superior mesenteric infusion. Direct selective occlusion of
      gastroesophageal varices by the transhepatic approach is a new and exciting
      method of treatment for variceal bleeding.

PMID- 373103
TI  - [Cimetidine treatment of reflux esophagitis: results of a double-blind study].
AB  - The effect of cimetidine on healing of reflux esophagitis was investigated in a
      double blind study in which 16 patients received 1.6 g cimetidine/day and 20
      patients placebo. After 6 weeks endoscopic healing or amelioration of the
      esophagitis was observed in 10 of 20 patients on placebo (50%) and in 9 of 16
      patients receiving cimetidine (56%). Continuation of double blind therapy in 24
      patients for another 6 weeks led to improved healing in 12 cimetidine patients
      but not in 10 placebo patients. In only 4 of 16 cimetidine patients there was
      complete healing of esophagitis at the end of the study. The cimetidine patients
      had fewer symptoms to a statistically significant degree after 6 and 12 weeks,
      respectively. It is concluded that, despite its statistically significant effects
      on esophagitis and reflux symptoms, cimetidine therapy of reflux disease is not
      satisfactory. If cimetidine therapy appears to be indicated, it should be
      continued for at least 12 weeks.

PMID- 373104
TI  - [Cimetidine prevention of stress ulcers].
AB  - A study of 2015 cases from an intensive care unit shows that prophylactic
      administration of cimetidine and antacid produces a statistically significant
      decrease in stress ulcer, as compared with antacid alone or sulpirid and
      antacids.

PMID- 373105
TI  - [Therapy of duodenal ulcer with cimetidine, pirenzipine and placebo: report on a
      double-blind randomized study].
AB  - A double-blind randomized controlled study with pirenzepine (75 mg/day),
      cimetidine (1 g/day) and placebo was performed in 50 consecutive out-patients
      with duodenal ulcer. The patients also received an antacid containing aluminium
      hydroxide. Pirenzepine, cimetidine and placebo had similar effects on the 4-week
      healing rate. Dryness of the mouth was more frequent with pirenzepine than with
      the other two types of treatment. The incidence of other side effects did not
      differ in the three groups. A tendency towards more rapid disappearance of
      subjective symptoms in the patients treated with pirenzepine was not
      statistically significant. In conclusion, pirenzepine and cimetidine were not
      superior to placebo in the treatment of duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 373106
TI  - [Viral hypothesis of multiple sclerosis: new aspects].
AB  - A review is presented of the epidemiological and serological data on which the
      viral hypothesis of multiple sclerosis is based. Recent experiments investigating
      the capacity of viruses to establish chronic infections are presented as a model
      to explain the clinical course of the disease. Finally, studies of the molecular
      interactions of vaccinia virus with the myelin membrane serve as a basis on which
      to discuss the problem of the mechanism of demyelination.

PMID- 373107
TI  - [BCG sepsis as a fatal complication of BCG vaccination].
AB  - Fatal septicemia with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) following BCG vaccination is
      always caused by an underlying defect of immunologic mechanisms. At the
      Children's Hospital, University of Berne, two cases of BCG septicemia were
      recently observed. The clinical picture, course, and pathogenesis of the illness
      are discussed. The harmless complications of BCG vaccination are summarized, and
      a review of the literature on fatal disseminated BCG infection stresses the
      different type of immunologic mechanism defect and clinical course. Therapy with
      antituberculous drugs is ineffective. Other therapeutic measures are mentioned.
      Immunologic tests must be performed rapidly when fatal disseminated BCG infection
      is suspected, in order to organize genetic counselling as soon as possible. The
      question whether newborns should still be vaccinated in spite of the numerous
      complications is discussed and answered in the affirmative.

PMID- 373108
TI  - [Cross-over double-blind study using neophylline oral (proxyphylline and
      diprophylline) in bronchial asthma].
AB  - In a double-blind crossover trial 16 asthmatic patients were given placebo or 4
      or 8 tablets of Neophyllin (each tablet containing 56 mg proxyphylline and 84 mg
      diprophylline) on two consecutive days. Very slight bronchodilatation independent
      of the oral dose and plasma level was observed 90 minutes after taking
      Neophyllin. However, when a betastimulator was inhaled (0.5 mg salbutamol) prior
      to taking 8 tablets of Neophyllin, surprisingly marked Neophyllin-induced
      bronchodilatation was observed after 60 and 90 minutes (p less than 0.05 and p
      less than 0.025). This bronchodilatation was about half that with 4 slow release
      coated tablets of Neo-Biphyllin (75 mg teophylline in each tablet). When
      Neophyllin was taken only proxyphylline caused bronchodilatation (no correlation
      between plasma diprophylline levels and bronchodilatation). The threshold value
      of plasma proxyphylline was about 13 microgram/ml plasma. Below this level
      proxyphylline is ineffective (likewise no correlation between plasma
      proxyphylline levels and bronchodilatation). An oral dose of about 600 mg
      proxyphylline (in Neophyllin) is needed to reach an effective plasma level within
      90 minutes.

PMID- 373109
TI  - [The 80th anniversary of Professor Theo Koller].

PMID- 373110
TI  - [Blood picture changes in patients hospitalized in an internal medical
      department].
AB  - One quarter, i.e. 810 of 3621 patients admitted to a medical department showed
      quantitative abnormalities of the blood picture even when leukocytosis is
      excluded. In contrast, only in 113 cases were hematological diseases the main
      diagnoses on the hospital charts. 18% of the patients hospitalized for the first
      time had anemia. On analysis of blood changes according to their causes, 28% were
      found to be of either iatrogenic or toxic origin, the two causes exhibiting
      roughly the same frequency. The incidence of iatrogenic and toxic blood changes
      was equal to that of blood abnormalities due to malignant disease including
      hemoblastoses. Alcohol and phenacetin were the most frequent exogenous toxins,
      while anticoagulant, immunosuppressant and ulcerogenic drugs were the most
      frequent iatrogenic causes of abnormalities.

PMID- 373111
TI  - [Autologous bone marrow reimplantation in children with advanced tumor. First
      experiences of feasibility].
AB  - In three children with metastatic tumor uncontrollable by conventional chemo- and
      radiotherapy, bone marrow was obtained under general anesthesia and cryopreserved
      according to a carefully developed protocol. The autologous bone marrow cells
      were reinfused after intensive cytostatic therapy and total body irradiation (2
      patients). After an aplastic phase of 7--14 days the peripheral blood leukocyte
      and thrombocyte count began to recover. The toxicity of the intensive treatment
      preceding the autologous bone marrow transfusion, and the autologous bone marrow
      cells themselves were well tolerated. The aplastic phase was easily controlled by
      the use of granulocytes, thrombocytes and erythrocytes. Except for fever and
      mucosal ulcerations observed during the phase of extreme leukopenia, the general
      condition of the patients during partial isolation lasting 26--34 days was
      astonishingly good. One child died 13 weeks after returning home due to a local
      relapse. The other two patients survived for 6 + and 11 + weeks and are in
      complete and partial remission respectively. A further evaluation of the clinical
      significance of autologous bone marrow reimplantations appears to be feasible in
      pediatric oncology.

PMID- 373112
TI  - [New aspects of liver circulation: effects and consequences for the portocaval
      shunt therapy in liver cirrhosis].
AB  - Hepatic circulation, which is of essential importance in supplying the liver
      cells with oxygen and substrates needed for securing metabolic homeostasis of the
      organism, is characterized by well-regulated mechanisms of intrahepatic arterial,
      portal and hepatovenous interaction. Furthermore, the hepatic circulation is
      integrated in the systemic and splanchnic hemodynamic as interposed in a high, or
      respectively low, pressure system. Beside these hemodynamic mechanisms there are
      also specific morphologic features in the hepatic vascular bed responsible for
      regulating liver blood flow. For hepatic nutritions and trophics, and for the
      metabolic homeostasis of the organism, portal blood is of greater importance than
      arterial. In porto-caval shunt surgery it is recommended that any remaining
      portal flow to the liver be preserved to the greatest extent possible.

PMID- 373113
TI  - [Movements of the supporting teeth in Kennedy-Applegate class III and IV
      restorations].
AB  - Two types of restoration of the class III and two types of the class VI have been
      tested on a test bench. These restorations react differently to vertical forces
      than to oblique ones. The fixed bridge reacts best to vertical forces. On the
      other hand it is the bilateral prosthesis with four Akers clasps which is more
      favorable to oblique forces. The enclosed saddles function, in this case, as a
      brake. When the global results (vertical and oblique forces) of induced movements
      are compared for the two types of class-III restoration (four Akers clasps or two
      Dolder bars) the differences are insignificant.

PMID- 373114
TI  - Potential halogenated industrial carcinogenic and mutagenic chemicals. I.
      Halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons.
AB  - The halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons represent one of the most important
      categories of industrial chemicals from a consideration of use categories,
      production volume, environmental and toxicological considerations, and hence most
      importantly, potential population risk. The major unsaturated hydrocarbons
      reviewed, primarily in terms of their synthesis, utility, stability, distribution
      and levels of exposure as well as their reactivity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity
      and metabolism, include: vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, trichloroethylene,
      perchloroethylene, chloroprene, trans-1,4-dichlorobutene, hexachlorobutadiene and
      allyl chloride.

PMID- 373115
TI  - Potential halogenated industrial carcinogenic and mutagenic chemicals. II.
      Halogenated saturated hydrocarbons.
AB  - The halogenated saturated hydrocarbons analogously to the previously considered
      halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons (Part I) possess considerable utility in a
      broad spectrum of applications including; solvents, dry-cleaning fluids,
      refrigerants, fumigants, degreasing agents, propellants and intermediates in the
      production of other chemicals, textiles and plastics. Methyl chloride, methylene
      chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform, 1,1,2
      trichloroethane, hexachloroethane, ethyl chloride and fluorocarbons were reviewed
      principally in terms of their synthesis (or occurrence), areas of application,
      stability, distribution, reactivity, levels of exposure, populations at risk,
      carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and metabolism.

PMID- 373116
TI  - Determination of halogenated organic compounds and mutagenicity testing of spent
      bleach liquors.
AB  - The content of organohalogenated compounds in spent bleach liquor from different
      bleaching stages in a sulphate and a sulphite plant has been determined by a
      combination of glass capillary gas chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography/mass
      spectrometry and neutron activation analysis. Several compounds which have not
      been reported before have been identified including halogenated derivatives of
      dimethyl-propylnaphthalenes and alkylated catechols. The unconcentrated
      effluents, non-polar and total extracts were tested for mutagenic activity with
      Ames' Salmonella test. Spent bleach liquors from most bleaching stages as well as
      the total effluents contained mutagenic compounds. Addition of liver microsomes
      for metabolic activation reduced the mutagenic activity in all stages except for
      the first chlorination stage in the sulphate plant. Two isomers of chloro-, bromo
      , and dichloro-p-cymene previously determined in effluents from bleaching plants
      were synthesized from the parent molecule. Both bromo- and dichloro-p-cymene
      exhibited weak mutagenic activity in the Salmonella test system. Liver microsomes
      reduced the effect slightly. The chlorinated cymenes were found to account for up
      to 18% of the total organically-bound chlorine in the non-polar extracts.

PMID- 373117
TI  - Informed consent may be hazardous to health.

PMID- 373118
TI  - Pituitary-brain vascular relations: a new paradigm.
AB  - Vascular casts of the pituitary gland have demonstrated a paucity of veins
      extending from the adenohypophysis to the systemic circulation and have suggested
      that some adenohypophyseal venous blood returns to the neurohypophysis. The
      neurohypophyseal capillary bed may function as a vascular switch and in this
      article a series of 14 questions are proposed regarding the vascular dynamics of
      the pituitary. Together these questions raise the larger question, namely,
      whether pituitary hormones are transported directly to the brain to modify brain
      function?

PMID- 373120
TI  - Split genes and RNA splicing.
AB  - A number of genes in higher organisms and in their viruses appear to be split.
      That is, they have "nonsense" stretches of DNA interspersed within the sense DNA.
      The cell produces a full RNA transcript of this DNA, nonsense and all, and then
      appears to splice out the nonsense sequences before sending the RNA to the
      cytoplasm. In this article what is known about these intervening sequences and
      about the processing of the RNA is outlined. Also discussed is their possible use
      and how they might have arisen in evolution.

PMID- 373119
TI  - "Sontaneous" neoplastic transformation in vitro: a form of foreign body (smooth
      surface) tumorigenesis.
AB  - Explants of subcutaneous connective tissue from adult BALB/c mice into plastic
      petri dishes were serially subcultured and tested for tumorigenicity in two ways:
      by the subcutaneous implantation of cells attached to plastic plates (1 by 5 by
      10 millimeters), and by the subcutaneous injection of cells suspended in saline.
      Cells grown in vitro for 18 or more days before being implanted attached to a
      plastic plate (2.4 x 10(4) to 3.4 x 10(5) cells per plate) formed tumors after 24
      to 79 weeks. The latent period before tumor appearance correlated inversely with
      the time spent by the cells in tissue culture. Cells inoculated in saline
      suspension (10 to 100 times the above number per plate) did not form tumors until
      after 84 days in vitro; plates alone did not induce tumor formation within more
      than 1 1/2 years of implantation. The tumors arising from the plate-attached
      cells were transplantable without plates and histologically appeared to be
      undifferentiated sarcomas. It is well established that smooth-surfaced foreign
      bodies, regardless of their chemical composition, will produce sarcomas when
      transplanted subcutaneously in rodents. We interpret our data, particularly the
      decrease in tumor latent period with time spent in tissue culture, as indicating
      that a smooth surface was acting as a carcinogen first in vitro (the surface of
      the tissue culture dish) and then in vivo (the surface of the plastic plate).

PMID- 373121
TI  - An independent approach to science.

PMID- 373122
TI  - Identifying environmental chemicals causing mutations and cancer.
AB  - Damage to DNA appears to be the major cause of most cancer and genetic birth
      defects and may contribute to aging and heart disease as well. The agents that
      cause this damage must be identified. Many of these agents are natural chemicals
      present in the human diet as complex mixtures. The tens of thousands of man-made
      chemicals that have been introduced into the environment in the last few decades
      must also be tested for their ability to damage DNA. Existing animal tests and
      human epidemiology alone are inadequate for this task because of time, expense,
      and the difficulty of dealing with complex mixtures, Newly developed short-term
      tests, most of them assaying for mutagenicity, are discussed as key tools in
      identifying environmental mutagens and carcinogens.

PMID- 373123
TI  - Traumatic hemobilia: coordination of roentgenographic, scintigraphic, and
      angiographic findings.
AB  - This report proffers a diagram of radiologic procedures to aid in the diagnosis
      of traumatic hemobilia and updates the most important radiologic findings of
      hemobilia to demonstrate the value of the coordinated use of liver scintigraphy
      and angiography. According to the diagnostic schema, evaluation of biliary tract
      hemorrhage progresses from plain films through liver scintigraphy and
      angiography. Depending on the procedure yielding positive results, logical
      termination or progression is possible at any stage of the work-up.

PMID- 373124
TI  - Primary dysmenorrhea treated with indomethacin.
AB  - Primary dysmenorrhea is a difficult entity to treat, and therapy is usually
      directed at relieving symptoms. There is some indication that this disorder is
      caused by an increase in prostaglandin F2alpha. Therefore, logically the
      treatment may include antiprostaglandin agents. We have studied 32 women with the
      diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea in a randomized double-blind fashion using a
      placebo and indomethacin. Both agents were taken three times a day over four
      cycles, and therapy was begun two days before the usual onset of pelvic pain.
      Only two of 16 patients in the placebo group were significantly improved in the
      four-month treatment cycles while all 16 in the treatment group showed some
      improvement, 11 having cessation of pain. In the six months following the study
      period, all patients were given indomethacin. The original treatment group did
      not change significantly. However, all in the placebo group when switched to
      indomethacin had some relief, 12 of the 16 showing complete cessation of pain.
      Gastric irritation was the main side effect and was present in 18% of the
      treatment group and 12% in the placebo group. Indomethacin appears to effectively
      relieve primary dysmenorrhea and does not appear to be associated with a high
      incidence of side effects.

PMID- 373125
TI  - Coal workers' pneumoconiosis and medical aspects of coal mining.

PMID- 373126
TI  - Cost containment: medical system rehabilitation or reform.
AB  - Cost containment is considered the premier goal for improvement of the medical
      care system. Before any other steps can be taken to improve availability,
      accessibility, or quality, or before introduction of any governmental programs
      for the removal of economic obstacles to obtaining medical care,--in other words,
      before any effort to make the medical care system more equitable--the rapid
      hyperinflation of medical care costs must be arrested. It is argued here that the
      defects of the system as currently operating are such that no cost control effort
      can be effective without radical change and reorganization of the system itself:
      methods of practice, methods of reimbursing providers, and methods of assuring
      accountability and supervision. And it is further argued, that if only cost
      control measures are instituted, not only will inflation not be stemmed, but it
      will be further aggravated and at the same time, the poor and minorities now
      suffering the consequences of an inadequate, ineffective, and unresponsive
      medical care system will be further deprived.

PMID- 373127
TI  - Medicine and de Soto.

PMID- 373129
TI  - Closing the lid on crapper.

PMID- 373128
TI  - Intravenous metronidazole therapy for Bacteroides fragilis meningitis.
AB  - A 69-year-old man developed meningitis due to Bacteroides fragilis and
      Streptococcus MG-intermedius, which progressed during chloramphenicol and
      nafcillin therapy to the extent that he seemed near death, with frank pus
      covering the spinal cord at surgery. Treatment with intravenous metronidazole and
      penicillin G was curative. After multiple trauma, a 20-year-old man developed
      meningitis due to Escherichia coli and B fragilis. He failed to respond to
      chloramphenicol alone, but responded to combined treatment with chloramphenicol
      and metronidazole. The right frontal sinus and epidural space abscesses were
      drained and a right frontal lobe abscess was excised. Metronidazole may be a
      uniquely effective agent for treatment of meningitis due to susceptible strains
      of Bacteroides fragilis.

PMID- 373130
TI  - Closing the lid on Crapper.

PMID- 373131
TI  - Clearance of falciparum parasitaemia with a single dose sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine
      in Vientiane, Laos.
AB  - A total of 49 semi-immune Laotians aged 3 to 49 years, with falciparum malaria
      were treated with a single dose of sulfadoxine pyrimethamine (1500 mg, 75 mg,
      adult dose), in Vientiane, Laos. On day 7 after treatment the 49 cases were
      asymptomatic with complete disappearance of patent asexual parasitaemia. The
      result is compared with that obtained from treating 48 similar cases with a
      standard dose of chloroquine over 3 days.

PMID- 373132
TI  - The experimental infection of Anopheles litoralis King from Luzon Island,
      Philippines, by Plasmodium vivax.

PMID- 373133
TI  - A new collection record of Anoheles whartoni from the west coast of Peninsula
      Malaysia.

PMID- 373135
TI  - [Medicine of Russia and the development of a medical culture in Armenia].

PMID- 373134
TI  - [L. N. Tolstoi and health education].

PMID- 373136
TI  - [Materials on the history of medicine and public health in the holdings of the
      Central State Archives of Literature and Art].

PMID- 373137
TI  - [Method of bibliographic work in performing local historical medical research].

PMID- 373138
TI  - [The 150 year anniversary of the first description of convulsive syncope].

PMID- 373139
TI  - Caffey's disease in Cape Town.
AB  - Six cases of infantile cortical hyperostosis or Caffey's disease are presented,
      with opinions as to its prevalence, incidence and origin.

PMID- 373140
TI  - [Helsinki's School of Nursing is rooted in tradition].

PMID- 373141
TI  - Bioautographic visualization of aminoacylase-1: assignment of the structural gene
      ACY-1 to chromosome 3 in man.
AB  - A bioautographic assay was developed for the visualization of aminoacylase-1 (N
      acylamino acid aminohydrolase, ACY-1; EC 3.5.1.14) after zone electrophoresis.
      Bioautography and species differences in electrophoretic mobility of ACY-1 made
      it possible to investigate the chromosome assignment of the gene for human ACY-1
      using human--mouse somatic cell hybrids. Human ACY-1 segregated concordantly with
      beta-galactosidase-A (beta GALA; EC 3.2.1.23) but showed discordant segregation
      with 32 other markers representing 23 linkage groups. The beta GALA gene has been
      previously assigned to chromosome 3. From this evidence and confirming chromosome
      analyses, ACY-1 has been assigned to chromosome 3. A genetic polymorphism in the
      electrophoretic mobility of ACY was observed in mouse strains, demonstrating that
      this enzyme can be mapped in genetic crosses of Mus musculus.

PMID- 373142
TI  - Experience with the Russian model 249 suture gun for anastomosis of the rectum.
AB  - The Russian Model 249 circular suturing device used for rectal anastomoses in 62
      patients undergoing high or low anterior resection or colectomy and ileorectal
      anastomosis was technically easy to use. The 38 high anastomoses were all shown
      to be intact by a Gastrografin, meglucomine diatrigoate, enema study 14 days
      after the operation. Of the 24 low anastomoses, six demonstrated small, 5 to 10
      millimeters, dehiscences, two of the latter being evident also upon clinical
      examination. At least six of the low anastomoses were made at levels too low for
      hand suture from the abdomen. In three patients, moderate hemorrhage from the
      anastomotic site during the first two or three days complicated the situation; in
      all, it ceased spontaneously. In two patients, strictures developed, one of which
      rectified itself once the fecal stream was restored to the rectum on closing the
      transverse colostomy, the other was submitted to instrumental dilation, perhaps
      unnecessarily. The Model 249 circular suturing device provides colorectal
      anastomoses that are at least as secure as those done by hand suture and,
      sometimes, enables an anastomosis to be made at a lower level than would be
      possible by the conventional suture technique through the abdomen. Bleeding from
      the anastomotic site and subsequent stricture formation are rare complications of
      this technique.

PMID- 373143
TI  - Surgical correction of longitudinal median or paramedian incisional hernia.
AB  - A new surgical technique for the correction of longitudinal median and paramedian
      incisional hernia uses the hernial sac itself, a tissue of good resistance and
      healing properties, to cover raw areas, remake the abdominal wall anatomy,
      propitiate tensionless sutures and render unnecessary the use of prosthetic
      material, even in the largest hernia.

PMID- 373144
TI  - Extracorporeal perfusion without anticoagulation and the response to endotoxin.
AB  - The results of this study show that an extracorporeal perfusion system without
      anticoagulation can be established in the dog under certain conditions. The exact
      mechanisms merit further investigation. It also points to a model to study the
      effects of endotoxin without heparin interference and as another model for
      studying the canine blood coagulation system.

PMID- 373145
TI  - Results of simple scar excision and layered repair with elevation in facial
      scars.
AB  - Spreading tension across scars is curtailed when revised by simple scar excision
      and layered repair with elevation of wound margins. The procedure has reduced the
      width and leveled the scar to the surrounding skin in all our patients. Hairline
      scars result more frequently in scars of less width preoperatively.

PMID- 373146
TI  - A safe emergency intestinal bypass operation.

PMID- 373147
TI  - Parathyroid transplantation: fate of a long-term allograft in man.
AB  - Previously our group reported clinical, histological, and biochemical evidence of
      parathyroid allograft survival in a patient transplanted sequentially with renal
      and parathyroid tissues from the same donor. After 30 months of function, both
      grafts were concomitantly rrjected. The prolonged parathyroid allograft survival
      described in certain experimental animals has been attributed to the tissue's
      being "immunologically privileged." Our current clinical observations do not
      support this hypothesis.

PMID- 373148
TI  - Abnormalities in organ blood flow and its distribution during positive end
      expiratory pressure.
AB  - Current evidence is inconclusive regarding the possibility that positive end
      expiratory pressure (PEEP) redistributes flow and may be directly responsible for
      systemic organ dysfunction. This study tests the hypothesis that PEEP may induce
      abnormalities in the distribution of cardiac output (CO). Eight anesthetized dogs
      were studied during (1) 0 cm H2O PEEP (Z1), (2) 15 cm H2O PEEP  (P), (3) Z2, and
      (4) bleeding (B) to reduce the CO to the same level as P. At each of the four
      periods, a different 15 mu radiolabelled microsphere was injected into the left
      atrium. Another four dogs were used to varify that each type of microsphere had
      the same flow distribution. CO fell from 3.1 liters/min to 1.9 during P (P
      smaller than 0.01) and to 2.0 during B (P smaller than 0.01). Mean arterial
      pressure (MAP) declined from 102 to 83 mm Hg (P smaller than 0.01) and 86 mm Hg
      (P smaller than 0.01(, respectively. Left atrial pressure (LAP) rose from 5.0 to
      7.9 mm Hg during P (P smaller than 0.01) and fell during B to 2.7 mm Hg. c0 and
      its distribution were the same during Z1 and Z2. P caused selective reductions in
      hepatic (52%), adrenal (25%), and bronchial (24%) blood flows (P smaller than
      0.01). In contrast, total flow to these  organs during B was the same as during
      Z. Total renal flow was unchanged by P or B, but the cortical:medullary flow
      ratio increased during P from 24 to 49 (P smaller than 0.01) and was unchanged by
      B. P induced a decrease in fundal nucosal flow as compared with Z (P smaller than
      0.01). Total coronary flow fell from 100 to 64 ml/min during both P and B (P
      smaller than 0.01). P led to a selective fall in subendocardial flow (67 ml/min X
      100 gm) as compared with B (82.5 ML/MIN X 100 gm, P smaller than 0.01) as well as
      in the subendocardial:subepicardial flow ratio (1.069 vs. 1.112 ml/min X 100 gm,
      P smaller than 0.05). It is likely that the higher left ventricular filling
      pressure (LAP) during P as compared with during B compressed the endocardium and
      induced relative ischemia. Similarly the high airway pressure during P may have
      impeded bronchial mucosal flow. The causes and consequences of the other P
      induced variations in flow are speculative.

PMID- 373149
TI  - Valentine Mott (1785-1865), the father of American vascular surgery: a historical
      perspective.
AB  - Valentine Mott was one of the most eminent physicians of the first half of the
      19th century. Recognized as a pioneer vascular surgeon, he is credited with
      having performed at least eight original surgical procedures. Included within his
      lifetime operative record are ligations of the innominate artery, the common and
      external carotids, the right subclavian artery, the common, external and internal
      iliac arteries, the femoral artery, and the popliteal a;tery for the treatment of
      aneurysmal disease. In addition, he was highly regarded for his innovative
      approach to venous problems. This is most remarkable in that all of this work was
      done prior to the discovery of anesthesia, antisepsis, and the use of
      transfusions. Through research, utilizing primary archival and secondary source
      material in the form of previously unpublished manuscripts, correspondence, and
      background information, a biography of his life is presented. When his many
      surgical successes are placed in proper historical perspective, Valentine Mott
      can truly be called the Father of American Vascular Surgery.

PMID- 373150
TI  - Management of of arteriosclerotic aneurysm of the innominate artery.
AB  - Arteriosclerotic aneurysm of the innominate artery is an unusual lesion. A review
      of the literature has revealed many approaches to this problem in the past, but
      the mortality rate has remained significant and serious complications have been
      frequent. Computerized axial tomography and noninvasive cerebrovascular methods
      can be useful in managing this lesion. Vein grafts from the ascending aorta to
      the common carotid and subclavian arteries were used to revascularize a patient
      following resection of an innominate aneurysm.

PMID- 373151
TI  - Results of renal transplantation using pediatric cadaver donors.
AB  - In order to determine the results of transplantation using pediatric cadaver
      donors, a retrospective analysis of a series of 502 renal transplant recipients
      was carried out. Methods of procurement, preservation, recipient selection, and
      immunosuppressive regimen were similar for all patients. Sixty-five recipients
      were approximately equally divided into three groups whose donors were younger
      than 5 years of age, 6 to 10 years old, and 11 to 15 years. These three groups
      then were compared with each other and to a randomly selected representative
      group of recipients whose donors were adults (16 years or older) for the
      following parameters: actuarial graft and patient survival, causes of graft
      failure and patient death, level of serum creatinine in currently functioning
      grafts, and recipient age. There were no statistically significant differences
      between groups for any parameter except that the mean age of recipients was
      approximately 16 years for the donors up to 5 years of age and was between 31 and
      36 years for the other donor age groups (P = 0.01). These results support the
      contention that brain-dead pediatric patients of any age should be considered to
      be potential cadaveric kidney donors. Exclusion of these patients is very
      wasteful and also is unnecessary since results of transplantation equal to those
      obtained with adult donors can be expected. Technical graft failures should not
      be more frequent than with adult kidneys, and there is no need to modify the
      basic surgical technique for small kidneys in order to achieve this.

PMID- 373152
TI  - Abdominal aortic salmonellosis.
AB  - A recent example of Salmonella mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm is presented
      together with a review of the 24 other cases in the literature. Emphasis is
      placed on common modes of presentation, diagnosis, and surgical management. A
      review of current theories of etiology is presented along with a new, more
      descriptive classification of mycotic aneurysms.

PMID- 373153
TI  - Renal artery stenosis following transplantation: a response.

PMID- 373154
TI  - Some biological effects caused by prosthetic materials.

PMID- 373155
TI  - Effect of an enzyme dentifrice on caries. A two-year clinical pilot study.

PMID- 373156
TI  - [The meaning of gastric pepsin and hydrochloric acid secretin].

PMID- 373157
TI  - Altered platelet and vascular prostaglandin-generation in patients with renal
      failure and prolonged bleeding times.

PMID- 373158
TI  - Cortex and medulla of rat kidney generate different amounts of PG I2-like
      activity.

PMID- 373159
TI  - [Late complications caused by immunosuppressive therapy in kidney
      transplantation].

PMID- 373161
TI  - [Visit to the Netherlands from 8-10 January 1979 by Miss Dorothy C. Hall, R.N.,
      LLD, president of the nursing section of the European Regional Bureau of the
      World Health Organization].

PMID- 373160
TI  - The therapy of otitis externa.
AB  - The clinical findings following the instillation of an aqueous solution
      containing natamycin, neomycin and hydrocortisone into the ears of dogs
      exhibiting the signs of otitis externa are described. Out of a total of 143
      cases, 50 were also examined microbiologically both before and after treatment in
      order to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal properties of the solution.
      The severity of the complaint appeared to be of little significance as far as the
      respons is concerned. A favourable response was noted clinically in 95% and
      microbiologically in 86% of the cases treated.

PMID- 373162
TI  - Alveolar macrophage function in nickel dust exposed rabbits.
AB  - 8 rabbits were exposed to metallic nickel dust (2 mg/m3, of which about half was
      respirable) for 4 weeks. The lungs were lavaged and the macrophages were
      collected. In comparison with 8 control rabbits, a significant increase was noted
      in the nickel exposed rabbits as concerned the weight and density of the lungs,
      the size variation of the lung cells, the phagocytosis of silver coated
      particles, and the metabolic activity as measured by NBT reduction. The last
      mentioned increase was recorded during basal conditions as well as during
      phagocytosis. The NBT reduction during phagocytosis was significantly correlated
      with the degree of phagocytosis of silver coated particles in both control and
      exposed rabbits. It is suggested that the exposure to nickel dust has
      unspecifically activated the macrophages perhaps by increased production of
      phospholipids.

PMID- 373163
TI  - [The value of the gingival cytogram for the evaluation of hormonal
      contraceptives].
AB  - The results obtained from the cytological examination of gingival smears taken
      during one cycle demonstrate that the effect of the depot contraceptive
      Deposiston on the gingivae is measurable.

PMID- 373164
TI  - [Evaluation of therapy with removable cast partial dentures. 2. Faulty design as
      a cause of therapeutic failure].
AB  - On the basis of follow-up examinations in patients with removable cast partial
      prostheses, the author points to ill-designed construction forms that are
      conspicuous above all by their supporting elements and denture bases.

PMID- 373165
TI  - [Inlays as support for removable cast partial dentures].
AB  - On the basis of follow-up examinations in patients with removable cast partial
      prostheses, the author emphasizes the necessity of placing inlays as interlocks
      on abutment teeth, and he gives advice on inlay designs which are in conformity
      with prosthetic therapy.

PMID- 373166
TI  - [The prosthesis hygiene index--a method for documentation and health education].
AB  - The microbial plaques retained in the unphysiological space between oral mucosa
      and denture base in case of unsatisfactory denture cleaning are always an
      inflammation factor that is of particular importance from the viewpoints of
      pathogenesis and therapy. The described denture hygiene index has been developed
      for the objective evaluation of denture uncleanliness and of the efficacy of
      hygiene measures.

PMID- 373167
TI  - [New aspects of therapy for alveolitis with Grisaldon].
AB  - In the GDR, Grisaldon has been used in alveolitis therapy since 1974. The results
      from the bacteriological testing of this preparation and the diluting and rinsing
      effects of saliva and blood on it arouse doubts about its antibacterial
      efficiency. Thrombelastographic studies demonstrated the clotting-accelerating
      and the marked fibrin-stabilizing effect of pure acetylsalicylic acid. In
      contrast to other publications, it was stated that the p-hydroxybenzoic acid
      propyl ester is absolutely indifferent. Histological studies on animals have
      shown that Grisaldon is detectable in the alveolus as a foreign body even 28 days
      after application, and that it decelerates wound healing.

PMID- 373168
TI  - [The effect of hormones on the periodontal condition--clinical studies on 300
      female patients].
AB  - In this study 300 women (100 pregnant women, 100 women taking contraceptives and
      100 women without contraceptive medication) were examined, recording the
      periodontal condition (using a computer-orientated chart) and the periodontal
      index according to Kotzschke. The values for the total index and the superficial
      and deep components of the index according to Kotzschke, the pocket depth and the
      degree of tooth mobility (determined for each tooth) were significantly higher in
      women under contraceptive medication than in the control subjects.

PMID- 373169
TI  - A bibliography of suicide notes: 1856-1979.
AB  - A bibliography of suicide notes, arranged chronologically, from 1856 to the
      present (1979) is presented without comment.

PMID- 373170
TI  - Aphakic glaucoma.
AB  - The cause of aphakic glaucoma should always be determined because treatment must
      be directed towards the aetiological mechanism. We have defined early aphakic
      glaucoma as that occurring within the first 6 postoperative weeks and late
      aphakic glaucoma as occurring at any later time. Of the various causes of
      glaucoma in each category, among the most serious and challenging to treat are
      pupillary block and angle closure. These emanate from postoperative shallow or
      empty anterior chambers which are associated with wound fistula, choroidal
      detachment, or a combination of both. Other mechanisms producing aphakic glaucoma
      are inflammation, alpha chymotrypsin, epithelial downgrowth, and iris cysts.
      Pressure elevation unrelated to aphakic glaucoma may also result from intraocular
      tumours, recurrence of glaucoma secondary to uveitis, and undiagnosed preexisting
      primary glaucoma.

PMID- 373171
TI  - A new corneal trephine.

PMID- 373172
TI  - Sir Jonathan Hutchinson.

PMID- 373173
TI  - Management of trauma of the anterior segment.
AB  - Since the introduction of the operating microscope the technique of wound repair
      has improved from purely reconstructive to preventive principles. In dealing with
      severe injuries of the anterior segment, the performance of vitrectomy seems to
      be the main problem. Secondary damage of the vitreous base has to be avoided,
      especially in children and juveniles. Prophylactic measurements against retinal
      detachment has proved to be useful. Using a light interference technique, the
      mode of action of different cutting instruments in the vitreous can be
      demonstrated. The guillotine technique seems to have the least distant effect.
      The scheme of surgical treatment has to be adapted to the individual situation
      and to the capability of the surgeon.

PMID- 373174
TI  - Ocular penetration of hydrocortisone and dexamethasone into the aqueous humour
      after subconjunctival injection.
AB  - The concentration of steroids in the aqueous humour was measured at various
      intervals after subconjunctival injection in a series of 130 patients of both
      sexes who came to cataract extraction. Both hydrocortisone acetate (0.5 ml of 2.5
      per cent solution) and dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.5 ml of 0.4 per cent
      solution) attained a peak concentration in the aqueous of 214.4 and 268.0
      micrograms/ml respectively within 10 minutes. Dexamethasone was from 30 to 47
      times more effective than hydrocortisone for up to 24 hrs, but the latter
      provided a reasonably high concentration for up to 7 days.

PMID- 373175
TI  - Primary repair of eyelid lacerations.
AB  - A brief outline of the principles of repair of eyelid wounds is given. The
      undesirable consequences of inexpert primary repair are contrasted with the near
      normal function and cosmesis obtained after repair carried out with the author's
      5-layer suturing technique described here for the first time. It is emphasized
      that, provided there is no ocular perforation, waiting up to 48 hours to obtain
      optimal conditions for the operation does not affect the outcome.

PMID- 373176
TI  - Functional considerations of granulocyte concentrates used for clinical
      transfusions.

PMID- 373177
TI  - Platelet transfusion-induced Serratia marcescens sepsis due to vacuum tube
      contamination.

PMID- 373178
TI  - Cryopreservation of human lymphocytes: a brief review and evaluation of an
      automated liquid nitrogen freezer.
AB  - Successful cryopreservation of human lymphocytes has been previously described.
      Cryopreserved lymphocytes are useful for a variety of in vitro immunologic
      studies. This study was performed to determine the applicability and/or
      advantages of using a programmable freezing system, and compares glycerol versus
      dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at varying concentrations on post-thaw viability, E
      rosetting and immunoglobulin fluorescence. Prefreeze T and B lymphocyte
      percentages were determined. Cells were then frozen in varying concentrations of
      glycerol and DMSO. Optimum cryoprotectant type and concentration was determined.
      Lymphocytes from seven individuals were frozen by the batch method in a
      mechanical freezer and with the automated liquid nitrogen injection system. Data
      on post-thaw T and B percentages and viability revealed 10% DMSO and liquid
      nitrogen control freezing method at 1 C/minute as the best conditions for
      lymphocyte preservation as reflected by post-thaw in vitro testing.

PMID- 373179
TI  - Specific and nonspecific cytotoxicity of leukocytes from human renal allograft
      recipients against donor fibroblasts.
AB  - A microcytotoxicity assay was used to search for cell-mediated cytotoxicity,
      serum-blocking factors, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
      against fibroblasts of donor origin in 19 human renal allograft recipients.
      Peripheral mononuclear cells (PMC) were frequently cytotoxic when they were
      obtained within 6 days prior to rejection, following sustained rejections, and
      within 1 month after removal of rejected grafts, but the toxicity was usually
      nonspecific. Recipient PMC were noncytotoxic when they were obtained within 6
      days after the onset of an acute reversed rejection and during quiescent
      intervals when there was no evidence of rejection within 6 days before or after
      the assay. These data suggest that, regardless of its lack of specificity, there
      is some relationship between cytotoxicity of recipient PMC and allograft
      rejection. In none of 69 post-transplant serum samples was ADCC against donor
      target cells detected with the microcytotoxicity assay.

PMID- 373180
TI  - Antibodies directed against antigens on the endothelium of peritubular
      capillaries in patients with rejecting renal allografts.
AB  - This study was undertaken to examine the humoral immune response against
      endothelial antigens of the donor kidney in human renal allograft recipients.
      Sera from 61 transplant recipients who received 62 grafts were studied for the
      presence of circulating endothelial antibodies (CEAb) using an indirect
      immunofluorescence technique with a pretransplant biopsy of the graft as a
      substrate. IgG antibodies directed against the endothelium of peritubular
      capillaries were found in the sera of 6 of the 10 patients with graft rejection
      within 7 weeks after transplantation, whereas these antibodies were not found in
      the absence of rejection (P less than 0.001). Immunofluorescence studies of post
      transplant biopsies showed IgG along the endothelium of peritubular capillaries
      only in the grafts of patients with CEAb. Eluates from these grafts contained IgG
      antibodies that bound to the endothelium of the donor as shown by the indirect
      immunofluorescence technique. Absorption of endothelial antibody (EAb)-positive
      sera with human platelets or Wistar strain rat erythrocytes showed that the EAb
      were not directed against serologically defined HLA antigens or against
      heterophile antigens on rat erythrocytes. We conclude from this study that the
      presence of antibodies directed against endothelial antigens is associated with
      poor graft prognosis and that these antibodies may be responsible for the
      rejection process.

PMID- 373181
TI  - Differential effect of cyclophosphamide on states of specific allograft
      unresponsiveness in immunosuppressed mice.

PMID- 373182
TI  - Tolerance to non-H-2 histocompatibility antigens. Transplantation tolerance to
      the H-4 and H-7 histocompatibility antigens.
AB  - There have been several reports of observations which suggest that
      transplantation tolerance may be a result of positive immunoregulation rather
      than simply unresponsiveness attributable to a lack of competent effector cells.
      In particular, several investigators have reported that tolerance of the H-Y and
      H-1 histocompatibility antigens is mediated by a population of thymus-derived
      lymphocytes. In a companion report, we have presented evidence that supports the
      existence of a suppressor cell to the H-Y antigen. Furthermore, we have observed
      that female mice rendered tolerant of the H-Y antigens by neonatal exposure to
      male lymphoid cells or by multiparity accept male skin grafts indefinitely, but
      inactivate male peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) in a second-set fashion. This
      observation has led us to investigate whether tolerance of other non-H-2 antigens
      is controlled by a similar mechanism. Using mice congenic with C57BL/10 at the H
      4 and H-7 loci, we have shown that mice rendered tolerant of the H-7a and H-4b
      antigens by neonatal exposure to histoincompatibe lymphoid cells are incapable of
      rejecting either skin or peritoneal cell allografts, suggesting that identical
      histocompatibility antigens are present on skin and peritoneal cells. Tolerance
      induced in neonatal mice to the H-4b and H-7a antigens could not be adoptively
      transferred to syngeneic recipients. These results suggest that tolerance
      involving the H-4 and H-7 antigens is most likely because of a clonal
      inactivation of alloantigen-reactive cells as a consequence of neonatal exposure
      to antigen.

PMID- 373183
TI  - Immunoglobulin synthesis following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in man.
      Conversion to donor allotype.

PMID- 373184
TI  - Host origin of lymphomas in organ transplant recipients.

PMID- 373185
TI  - Failure of dexamethasone to provide adequate chronic immunosuppression for renal
      transplantation.

PMID- 373186
TI  - Development of macrocytosis during azathioprine therapy after renal
      transplantation. A correlation of renal function with MCV.

PMID- 373187
TI  - Quantitative alterations in populations of surface receptor-bearing mononuclear
      cells within rat skin graft recipients.

PMID- 373189
TI  - Improved survival and function of renal transplants with positive B cell
      crossmatches.

PMID- 373188
TI  - Long-term cadaver allograft survival in the recipient with a positive B
      lymphocyte crossmatch.
AB  - Over a 2 1/2-year period, prospective standard, T, and B lymphocyte crossmatches
      were performed in 45 cadaver renal transplants using the microlymphocytotoxicity
      technique. Twenty-three of the 45 recipients had a positive B lymphocyte
      crossmatch. Cumulative graft survival rates did not differ between recipients
      with a positive and negative B lymphocyte crossmatch. High levels of
      presensitization in routine lymphocytotoxic antibody screening or transplant
      number did not adversely affect graft survival in recipients with a positive B
      lymphocyte crossmatch. Five recipients had moderately positive standard
      crossmatches which were attributable to anti-B lymphocytotoxicity. Four of these
      five grafts are presently functioning with normal serum creatinine levels 9 to 14
      months post-transplant. A positive B lymphocyte crossmatch is compatible with
      good long-term cadaveric renal allograft survival. In addition, a weakly positive
      standard crossmatch is not a contraindication to transplantation when the
      positive crossmatch is attributable to anti-B lymphocyte antibody.

PMID- 373190
TI  - Adverse presensitization to renal transplants. Detection by utilization of a D
      locus antigen-defined lymphoblastoid cell panel as targets in antibody-dependent
      cell-mediated cytotoxicity assays.
AB  - Sera obtained before transplantation from 52 consecutive renal allograft
      recipients were tested for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
      and for complement-dependent cytotoxic antibodies (CDC). A D locus antigen
      defined lymphoblastoid cell panel (B lymphoblastoid cell panel) was used as
      targets for the ADCC, and a peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) panel from 40
      donors was used as targets for the CDC. Of the 343 ADCC assays, 118 of 168
      performed with pretransplant sera from 24 recipients with early graft loss were
      positive, whereas only 81 of 175 performed with pretransplant sera from 25
      recipients with a successful graft outcome were positive (P less than 0.001). A
      significantly greater degree of presensitization to the B lymphoblastoid cell
      panel was found in the group that lost their grafts as compared to the group with
      successful grafts (69% versus 49%, P less than 0.001). Sera from all six
      recipients with hyperacute rejection were positive in the ADCC before and after
      absorption with pooled platelets. In contrast, pretransplant CDC results were not
      predictive of ultimate graft outcome. Utilizing any level of cytotoxicity against
      the PBL panel as an index of adverse presensitization, no significant correlation
      between pretransplant CDC results and graft outcome was observed. These results
      suggest a prognostic role for ADCC using a B lymphoblastoid cell panel as targets
      to screen and identify high-risk potential graft recipients.

PMID- 373191
TI  - Early rejection of allogeneic foetal rat pancreas.

PMID- 373192
TI  - Detection of H-Y antigen on mouse sperm by the use of Staphylococcus aureus.

PMID- 373193
TI  - Circulating immune complexes in renal transplant patients.

PMID- 373194
TI  - Increased rejection after cimetidine treatment in kidney transplants.

PMID- 373195
TI  - Prolongation of kidney survival during and after cyclosporin A therapy.

PMID- 373196
TI  - [Ultrastructural characteristics of the "light" and "dark" B-cells in the
      pancreatic islets of rats].
AB  - The ultrastructure of B-cells in the rat pancreatic islets has been studied under
      various experimental conditions (thyroidectomy, continuous thyroxine treatment,
      regeneration after partial pancreatectomy, thyroidectomy with partial
      pancreatectomy, partial pancreatectomy, partial pancreatectomy with continuous
      thyroxine treatment). Five types of B-cells have been distinguished. It has been
      supposed that "light" B-cell 1 is related to the stage of secretory granule
      extrusion, "light" B-cell 2 reflects the extrusion of secretory material and the
      early stages of secretory granule synthesis; "dark" B-cell 1 is involved in the
      intensive synthesis, formation and extrusion of secretory material, and "dark" B
      cell 2 in the intensive secretory granule synthesis, formation and storage.

PMID- 373197
TI  - [Irreversibility of intestinal epithelium stem cell conversion into semi-stem
      enterocytes and the ability of the latter to reproduce themselves].
AB  - The analysis of literature experimental data on cell kinetics of the generating
      intestinal epithelium of rats and mice suggested the irreversibility of
      transformation of intestinal epithelium stem cells into non-stem proliferating
      enterocytes and the ability of the latter for self-reproduction. This property of
      half-stem enterocytes enabled us to assume that the daughter cells immediately
      after their appearance are always in the G1-phase of the mother cell mitotic
      cycle.

PMID- 373198
TI  - [Ultrastructural and autoradiographic analysis of the cellular reactivity of the
      exo- and endocrine epithelium of the frog pancreas under the action of cobalt
      chloride].
AB  - The frog pancreatic epithelium was studied using morphometry, autoradiography and
      electron microscopy during the treatment with cobalt chloride (10 mg/100 g body
      wieght). In response to this treatment, generative changes in some exocrine cells
      were revealed. At the same time, those of cells, whose nuclei were in the state
      of DNA synthesis, increased in number. Cobalt chloride resulted in endocrine A
      cells damage. A compensation of the broken endocrine A-cell function was
      maintained in a transformation of the exocrine epithelium into endocrine A-cells
      and in the appearance of intermediate acinar-islet cells, as well as in islet A
      cell hyperplasia.

PMID- 373199
TI  - [Cytofluorimetric study of the glycogen content in hepatocytes of varying ploidy
      in adult rats].
AB  - A combined method, that allows measuring glycogen and DNA contents in one of the
      same cell, was applied for quantitative determination of these in mono- and
      binucleate hepatocytes with different ploidy obtained from adult rats. The mean
      glycogen content was shown to increase proportionally to the genome number within
      the changes of the hepatocyte ploidy from 2 to 8c.

PMID- 373200
TI  - [Effect of histological processing on the nucleic acid, free nucleotide and
      protein content in the cranial cervical sympathetic ganglion].
AB  - By means of biochemical techniques, the stability of free nucleotide contents has
      been demonstrated in the rabbit sympathetic node fixed in the Carnoy solution for
      1--2 hours at 4 degrees C. A 2 hour fixation at room temperature and at 37
      degrees, however, results in a considerable loss of free nucleotides--of the
      total amount in the fresh ganglion tissue, resp., 66.6 and 74.5%. According to
      these data, the Carnoy solution can be successfully used for a quantitative
      precipitation of free nucleotides. A histological treatment of this Carnoy fixed
      sympathetic ganglion (for 2 hours, at 4 degrees) causes no losses of nucleic
      acids, free nucleotides or protein, does not affect RNA, DNA or protein contents,
      but leads, however, to a remarkable loss of free nucleotides--up to 45%.

PMID- 373202
TI  - [Biography of physicians in Quebec].

PMID- 373201
TI  - [Nonhomogeneity of the distribution of the absorbing substance in
      cytophotometry].
AB  - Results of two-wavelengths cytophotometry may be used to calculate m--the
      quantity of light absorbing substance, and gamma--the degree of non-homogeneity
      of distribution of the substance on a preparation. Formula (1) is almost free
      from any distributional error. Optical density limits of applicability of formula
      (3) for gamma are shown on fig. 2. An algorithm for calculation of gamma at
      higher optical densities is proposed.

PMID- 373204
TI  - [Raoul Masson (1875--1928): a pioneer of pediatrics in French Canada].

PMID- 373203
TI  - [Dr. Wilder Graves Penfield (1890--1973)].

PMID- 373205
TI  - Renal autotransplantation and ex vivo renal surgery for renovascular
      hypertension.

PMID- 373206
TI  - Nontraumatic rupture of renal allografts.
AB  - Eight cases of nontraumatic renal allograft rupture were identified in 237 renal
      transplants performed at UCLA Medical Center. Careful clinicopathologic studies
      in these patients suggest three principal underlying causes: major graft vessel
      occlusion, hyperacute or accelerated rejection, and acute rejection. The clinical
      and pathologic features of these various categories are compared and contrasted.

PMID- 373207
TI  - Use of pre-existing ureterocutaneous anastomosis as conduit in renal
      allotransplantation.
AB  - This report details 2 patients with unusable bladders whose renal allografts were
      anastomosed to an existent end cutaneous ureterostomy. The literature on renal
      allotransplants into intestinal conduits is reviewed. Use of existent, mature end
      cutaneous ureterostomies is suggested as an alternative to an intestinal conduit
      in patients with unusable bladders who require renal allografts.

PMID- 373208
TI  - Genitourinary leiomyomas.
AB  - Leiomyomas may originate from any anatomic location of smooth muscle in the
      genitourinary system but are uncommon neoplasms. Five unusual cases of leiomyomas
      arising from the renal pelvis, bladder, spermatic cord, and glans penis are
      presented. The leiomyoma arising from the glans penis in a three-year-old boy is
      the first case of a leiomyoma in that location noted in the literature. A review
      of leiomyomas from each genitourinary structure of origin is presented.

PMID- 373209
TI  - [Advances of Soviet military ophthalmology].

PMID- 373210
TI  - [Therapeutic keratoplasty with a cornea preserved in weak formalin solutions].

PMID- 373211
TI  - [Clofibrate in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy].

PMID- 373212
TI  - [Carbogen therapy in ophthalmology].

PMID- 373213
TI  - [Electron microscopic studies in keratoplasty].

PMID- 373214
TI  - [Mikhail Vladimirovich Mukhin].

PMID- 373215
TI  - [Open dislocations and fracture-dislocations of the hand and their treatment].
AB  - The authors have studied the results of the treatment of 16 cases with fractures
      and fracture-dislocations of the hand. The indications for an early and delayed
      surgical treatment are set forth. The surgical tactics and methods of treatment
      depending on the type of injury are described.

PMID- 373216
TI  - [Use of a rotation flap from tissues of the preauricular region and lateral
      surface of the neck for closing a penetrating defect of the cheek].
AB  - The authors use the rotational flap tranfered from the lateral surface of the
      neck, with one-stage epithelization of the wound surface from the side of the
      mouth cavity with a split skin graft, to correct the postoperative penetrating
      defect of the cheek. The necessity of a thorough fixation of the skin graft on
      the wound surface emphasized.

PMID- 373217
TI  - [Role of prolonged peridural anesthesia in the complex of therapeutic measures
      after operations on the gastrointestinal tract].
AB  - On the grounds of an analysis of 577 observations over postoperative longlasting
      peridural anesthesia its favorable effect upon the gastrointestinal function and
      upon the prevention of postoperative pulmonary complications has been shown. The
      importance of an individual approach to the indications of peridural anesthesia
      in the postoperative period is emphasized.

PMID- 373219
TI  - [Errors in the treatment of combined injury to the flexor tendons nerves of the
      fingers and hand].
AB  - An analysis of errors in the treatment of combined traumas of the flexor tendons
      and nerves of the fingers and the hand in patients admitted for the restorative
      therapy of the Kazan Scientific Research Institute of Orthopedics and
      Traumatology within the period from 1969 to 1977 is presented. All the errors are
      subdivided into diagnostic errors, those due to the surgical technique, and
      connected with the rehabilitation period. A number of organizational suggestions
      are set forth on the grounds of the obtained findings.

PMID- 373218
TI  - [Disorder of the rheological properties of the blood as a risk factor in
      interventions on the abdominal aorta and its branches].
AB  - 102 patients with abdominal aorta and its branches atherosclerotic injuries of
      various forms and localization have been studied. The patients have showed
      significant disturbances of the rheologic blood properties which aggravate during
      the surgical treatment and play a big part in the development of postoperative
      thrombotic and microcirculatory complications. An outline of the correction of
      hemorheologic disorders allowing to diminish the number of complications and to
      improve the results of the treatment of this pathology is devised and set forth
      in this work.

PMID- 373220
TI  - Epidermic spread of a chloramphenicol-resistant strain of Salmonella typhimurium
      phage type 204 in bovine animals in Britain.

PMID- 373221
TI  - Comparisons of serological tests for Babesia in British cattle.
AB  - A comparison was made between the microplate enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
      (ELISA) and the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) and complement fixation (CF)
      tests for the detection of antibodies in the serum of cattle experimentally
      infected with Babesia divergens and B major. Antibodies were detected using all
      three tests but they were detected earlier using the CF test. However CF titres
      were consistently lower than those obtained using the other tests. Although there
      was little to choose between the IFA and ELISA tests, it was suggested that the
      ELISA may be preferable since it is less subject to operator error and operator
      stress, and can be adapted readily to field use.

PMID- 373222
TI  - Transport of swabs for bacteriology.

PMID- 373223
TI  - Pathological features of multiple bone infection in the foal.
AB  - The gross and histological features of multiple bone infection in two foals are
      described. In both cases the lesions were confined to the region of the growth
      plate. Bone and, in some cases, growth plate cartilage destruction has occurred
      associated with an extensive inflammatory cell infiltration. The significance of
      the pathological observation is discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of bone
      infection in the foal.

PMID- 373227
TI  - Chloramphenicol resistant S. typhimurium.

PMID- 373225
TI  - A pilot study to assess the usefulness of ELISA in detecting tuberculosis in
      badgers.

PMID- 373224
TI  - Transmissible drug resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from healthy dogs,
      cattle, sheep and horses.
AB  - The antibiotic resistance patterns and the distribution of R-factors among
      Escherichia coli isolated from apparently healthy dogs, cattle, sheep and horses
      were studied. It was found that 102 strains (16.48 per cent) of a total of 619
      isolates were resistant to one or more drugs. Twenty-six per cent (27 strains) of
      the resistant strains were capable of transferring either a part or the entire
      resistance patterns to the sensitive recipient strain. These results indicates
      that antibiotic resistance and R-factors are not particularly widespread among
      animals whose diet does not cotain antimicrobial drugs.

PMID- 373226
TI  - Chloramphenicol resistant S typhimurium.

PMID- 373228
TI  - Chloramphenicol-resistant S typhimurium.

PMID- 373230
TI  - [Emblem of veterinary science].

PMID- 373229
TI  - [Influence of the ideas of M. V. Lomonosov on the development of Russian
      epizootiology].

PMID- 373231
TI  - [Comparative studies of methods for the detection of immune carriers of the
      Newcastle disease virus in poultry].
AB  - Mass prophylactic vaccinations have radically chaugned the clinical syndrome,
      pathogenesis, and morphological picture of the Newcastle disease: clinically it
      is manifested with respiratory troubles, and morphologically--with tracheitis.
      The method for isolating the virus on chick embryos from immune birds have proved
      undependable: the higher the immunity of birds, the lower the probability of
      virus isolation. Following the vaccination of birds after the adopted
      prophylactic programme and at the three-fold vaccination with a lentogenic La
      Sota strain and four-fold vaccination with a mesogenic Komarov strain
      precipitating antibodies have been detected in single serum samples only. In the
      presence of respiratory troubles in immune birds the rise of
      antiheamagglutination titers and the mass manifestation of precipitating
      antibodies in the blood serum is said to be an indication of the presence of a
      field of velogenic virus, while HI and AGPT are suitable methods for the
      detection of immune carriers of Newcastle disease. These can be used also for the
      differential diagnosis of the latent forms of infectious bronchitis, infectious
      laryngotracheitis, the diphtheroid form of pox, and CRD. In order to restrict and
      do away with the velogenic field strains of the Newcastle disease virus a
      suggestion is made to kill all birds that have shown respiratory troubles and
      positive results in virologic and serologic examinations through HI and AGPT.

PMID- 373232
TI  - [Express methods of determining the biochemical properties of pathogenic
      microorganisms].
AB  - Comparative studies were carried out to evaluate some express methods for
      determining the biochemical properties of microorganisms. Described are disc
      methods establishing the production of indol and H2S, the breakdown of urea, and
      the reduction of nitrates and nitrites, with which the time of investigation is
      shortened severalfold. The results obtained are clear and well defined, and fully
      agree with the results obtained by methods described in the Bulgarian State
      Standards. It is suggested to apply these methods in the wide laboratory
      practice.

PMID- 373234
TI  - Enzyme cytochemical method for identification of cucumber mosaic virus particles
      in infected cells.

PMID- 373233
TI  - [Enterotoxic form of colibacteriosis in calves].
AB  - The enterotoxemic from of calf colibacteriosis was observed on a total of 18
      occasions in newborn animals. Clinically, the disease was manifested with
      diarrhea, depression of the eyes, fast dehydration, the calves tending to go down
      and lie for a prolonged periods, with high death rates. Some of the diseased
      calves showed nervous symptoms. Escherichia coli 0126 was isolated from the
      intestinal content and the mesenterial lymph of the affected calves. It proved
      virulent for albino mice. Morphologically, there were strongly expressed
      circulatory disturbances--hyperemia, perivascular edemas, hemorrhages (Fig. 1 and
      2) thrombi (Fig. 3 and 5), with a vacuolar and parenchymal dystrophia of the
      liver, kidneys, and heart.

PMID- 373235
TI  - Characterization of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus DNA of Adoxophyes orana and of
      Barathra brassicae.

PMID- 373237
TI  - [Valentina Tarasovna Olefirenko (on her 60th birthday)].

PMID- 373238
TI  - [Current theories on the causes of miscarriage (review of the literature)].

PMID- 373236
TI  - [Hypothyroidism: review of data obtained by an automatic computer from 613
      patients with thyroid gland diseases. II. Clinical and laboratory manifestations
      of hypothyroidism].

PMID- 373240
TI  - [Immediate tasks and the potentials of conducting immunotherapy of malignant
      neoplasms].
AB  - This work sums up the immunological studies performed clinically and delineates
      the trends of further investigations in active non-specific, specific and passive
      immunotherapy associated with other methods of the treatment--irradiation,
      surgery, chemotherapy. There are offered 4 phases of the clinical study on the
      immunological effect on normalization of the cellular and humoral immunity
      responses in oncological patients: phase I--selecting of the dosage, phase II-
      studying of the effectiveness of immunostimulation, phase III--a detailed
      comparative study of new chemical drugs, phase IV--estimating the effectiveness
      of different schemes of immunotherapy including the combination treatment of
      oncological patients.

PMID- 373239
TI  - [Antitumor action of preparation No. 31 in malignant tumors of the ovaries (a
      clinical cytological study)].
AB  - The authors have analysed clinico-cytological findings to estimate the efficacy
      of the preparation No 31 therapy in 18 primary patients with ascites forms of
      malignant epithelial tumors of the ovary. This preparation was found to be a
      highly effective chemotherapeutic agent possessing a marked cytolytic effect on
      tumor cells. The method of cytological assay of the serous cavities exudates may
      be utilized to determine the tumor sensitivity to the agent under test at early
      terms of the treatment, while being correlated with clinical data the former may
      be used to estimate the effectiveness of the chemotherapy.

PMID- 373241
TI  - [Action of a polypeptide epiphyseal extract on cervical cancer].
AB  - The authors report the results of experimental and clinical estimation of the
      effect of polypeptide extract of the epiphysis (epithalamin) on cervical cancer.
      Injection of epithalamin is shown to improve the cell immunity indices and
      renders an antitumor action. The experiments on mice with the transplantable
      squamous cell cancer of the cervix (strain SCC) have indicated a marked antitumor
      effect of epithalamin and its potentiating effect on cyclophosphan action.

PMID- 373243
TI  - [Books and monographic collections on oncology appearing in the 3d quarter of
      1978].

PMID- 373242
TI  - [So-called lymphoepithelioma of the lymphoid pharyngeal ring].
AB  - A retrospective analysis of 43 observations of "lymphoepitheliomas" has shown
      that in 34 cases this diagnosis was referred to low-differentiated cancer with
      lymphocytic infiltration, and in 9 cases--to reticulosarcomas (an epitheliod
      variant). The authors suggest some signs as an adjunct for the differential
      diagnosis between an epithelioid variant of reticulosarcoma and low
      differentiated cancer. It is necessary to exclude lymphocytic epithelioma as an
      onconosollogical unit, since it does not exist as a double-tissue tumor.

PMID- 373244
TI  - [Pavel Aleksandrovich Bogovskii (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 373245
TI  - [Carcinogenic nitroso compounds in food products].

PMID- 373246
TI  - [Possibility of using a protein enteral feeding preparation in the overall
      therapy of peptic ulcer in children].
AB  - A protein-rich diet for children with peptic ulcer has been developed. The diet
      includes a new dietetic product--the proteinic enpit, prepared by the Institute
      of Nutrition of the AMS of the USSR. The effect of the diet in children with
      peptic ulcer at the time of exacerbation of the process was subjected to a
      complex study. This ration is shown to have a beneficial influence on basic
      symptoms of the affection, on the condition of the protein metabolism and reduces
      the period of the ulcerous defect cicatrization.

PMID- 373247
TI  - [Preparation and characteristics of diploid cell strains from the tissues of a
      bovine embryo].
AB  - Two strains of diploid cells were prepared from the lung (BEL-2) and skin-muscle
      (SMBE-3) tissues of a bovine embryo. According to the results of morphological
      and karyological studies, these cultures consisted of fibroblast-like cells
      retaining diploid chromosome number (60) in the process of long-term cultivation.
      These cell populations have a limited life span (75-80 passages) and 3 growth
      phases. The species appurtenance of BEL-2 and SMBE-3 cells was confirmed. The
      cells were not contaminated with mycoplasma or extraneous viruses, had no
      tumorigenic activity. The BEL-2 cell culture is most susceptible to measles
      virus, SMBE-3 culture to vaccinia virus.

PMID- 373248
TI  - [Genome structure of influenza virus].

PMID- 373249
TI  - [Morphological and immunofluorescent studies of the leukocytes in blood smears in
      hepatitis A and B and chronic liver diseases].
AB  - Morphological examination of leukocytes in blood smears from patients with viral
      hepatitis A and B revealed up to 34% of atypical lymphocytes (AL) in the form of
      cells of irregular shape with the wide basophilic cytoplasm. Their number reached
      maximum by the 9th--14th day of the disease and decreased to 8% by 40--50 days.
      The number of AL was significantly higher during the high activity of the process
      both in acute and chronic forms of viral hepatitis A and B. In normal subjects as
      well as in patients with chronic hepatitis of alcoholic etiology the amount of AL
      did not exceed 6%. Immunofluorescent studies with gammaglobulin from
      convalescents after viral hepatitis A demonstrated fluorescence of the leukocyte
      cytoplasm in 86.3% of blood smears from patients with viral hepatitis both early
      in the disease and at 14--20 days in infectious hepatitis A (in controls no more
      than 6%). Fluorescence was demonstrated in 70.1% of cases in examinations of
      blood smears from patients with chronic liver diseases of viral etiology.

PMID- 373250
TI  - [Immunofluorescence method of study of biosynthesis of human interferon].
AB  - The method of fluorescent antibody (MFA) has first been used for the study of
      regularities of human interferon biosynthesis in superinduced cells. The dynamics
      of the appearance and accumulation of interferon in individual cells and the
      dependence of these processes upon the time elapsing since the termination of
      superinduction were determined. Clear-cut inverse relationship between the
      interferon content in cells (MFA) and the interferon content in the culture fluid
      (titrations of biological activity) was established.

PMID- 373252
TI  - [System of host specificity and the DNA methylases of shigellae and their
      phages].
AB  - In Shigella sonnei cells there is a host DNA specificity system responsible for
      modification and restriction of DDII phage. DNA methylase from Shigella stutzeri
      cells is specific for adenine and catalyses the appearance of 6-'
      methylaminopurine in the acceptory DNA. Methylases from Shigella sonnei cells are
      specific for adenine and cytosine and provide for the presence of 6'
      methylaminopurine and 5'-methylcytosine in DNA. The modifying activity of these
      cells may be equally likely associated with both the enzymes. A simplified
      version of the additional methylation test has been developed for the study of
      enzyme specificity. The results of additional and cross methylation suggest that
      several adenine methylases are present in the cells of these Shigella, one of
      these enzymes being shared by Shigella stutzeri and Shigella sonnei. The DNA's
      isolated from Shigella sonnei and Shigella stutzeri cells are undermethylated and
      in vitro undergo additional methylation upon incubation with the appropriate
      enzyme.

PMID- 373251
TI  - [Use of peroxidase and FITC labeled antibodies for express-diagnosis of
      influenza].
AB  - The evaluation of influenza antigen detection was done in comparative experiments
      on the same material during an epidemic of influenza due to A2/Victoria (H3N2)
      influenza virus. Cells of the nasal mucosa from 65 patients were tested at the
      same intervals by two methods showing no difference in the principle of the
      reaction: peroxidase-labeled (IP) and FITC-labeled (IF) antibody. By the latter
      method influenza could be diagnosed in 36% of cases, by IP in 38%, by the
      combination of the two in 56%. There is sufficient evidence of the specificity of
      IP method. This method of influenza antigen detection is as sensitive as IF (47
      and 44%, respectively), however, with IP the evaluation of the results is much
      easier.

PMID- 373253
TI  - [Quantitative determination of the mineral content of bone].
AB  - The interest shown in bone mineralometry is explained by the great medical and
      social importance of osteoporosis and the growing potentialities of the methods
      for its guantitative determination. The possibilities for visual assessment of
      the conventional X-ray image of the bone are discussed in the reports as well as
      X-ray morphometry o. the tubular bones and vertebrae, roentgen and
      photonabsorption densitometry and computer-tomography. The lack of an available,
      simple and cheap method for the present is stressed to force the objectivization
      of the changes in the mineral content of the bones, to be performed by the
      combined application of X-ray morphometry, fine analysis of bone structure,
      making use of the mammographic technique and roentgen (photon-absorption resp)
      densijometry.

PMID- 373254
TI  - [Treatment of duodenal ulcer with Tagamet (cimetidine)].
AB  - The results from the treatment of 25 patients with duodenal ulcer with 1 g
      tagamet daily (3x200 mg after meal and 400 mg in the evening before going to bed)
      in the course of 20 days, are reported. The subjective complaints of the patients
      disappeared in 87--100 per cent (in 2/3 of the patients even in the first three
      days after the initiation of the treatment) and the ulcer in 44 per cent. The
      immediate results obtained are statistically more significant as compared with
      the control group (only on diet), but the differences are not significant as
      regards the groups treated only with oxyferoscorbon and only with Caved-S.
      Tagamet treatment leads to a decrease of the basic indices of gastric secretion
      and does not change the content of N-acetylneuroamine acid in the gastric juice.
      The venous administration of tagamet inhibits the gastric acid production
      stimulated by pentagastrin. Tagamet treatment does not change the biochemical
      laboratory indices, the inflammatory and structural changes in the gastric
      duodenal mucosa and induces no adverse effects and complications.

PMID- 373256
TI  - [Geological and technical interests and achievements of Joseph Dietl (1804-
      1878)].

PMID- 373255
TI  - [Pharmacokinetic interactions between nonsteroid antirheumatism agents].

PMID- 373257
TI  - [Illness and death of King Michal Korybut Wisniowiecki].

PMID- 373258
TI  - [Illness and death of the King of Poland and Prince Elect of Saxony August II,
      called the Strong].

PMID- 373259
TI  - [Course and intensive treatment of acute falciparum malaria (author's transl)].
AB  - The case of a nineteen-year-old women with the cerebral form of malaria tropica
      is reported. She showed hyperpyrexia, abdominal manifestations, haemolysis and
      disseminated intravascular coagulation. Cerebral symptoms amounting to grade IV
      encephalopathy occurred. The patient responded rapidly to the administration of
      chloroquine, anticonvulsants, dextran, corticosteroids, antipyretics, blood and
      antithrombin III and her symptoms had almost completely vanished one week after
      the onset of therapy.

PMID- 373260
TI  - [Therapy of duodenal and prepyloric ulcers with cimetidine (author's transl)].
AB  - In a double-blind randomized trial 91 patients with endoscopically confirmed
      duodenal and/or prepyloric ulcers received either 1000 mg cimetidine daily (44
      patients) or placebo (47 patients) for 4 weeks. At 2 weeks complete ulcer healing
      was significantly increased in patients receiving cimetidine (45%) in comparison
      with those treated with placebo (15%) (p less than 0.01). At 4 weeks 73% of the
      patients on cimetidine and 32% of those on placebo showed complete healing (p
      less than 0.001). Ulcer size decreased more rapidly with cimetidine than placebo
      (p less than 0.05). With respect to the number of pain-free days and nights
      cimetidine was significantly superior to placebo during the days of the second
      week only (p less than 0.05). Cimetidine patients consumed significantly less
      antacids than those receiving placebo (p less than 0.01). There was no
      significant correlations between ulcer healing and freedom from pain at the end
      of either cimetidine or placebo treatment in this study. No specific side effects
      referable to cimetidine were observed.

PMID- 373261
TI  - [The effect of antibiotic prophylaxis in vaginal obstetric procedures (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 202 cases of vaginal obstetric procedures (forceps and vacuum extraction, breech
      delivery and manual removal) were reviewed with regard to assessing the value of
      prophylactic administration of antibiotics. Criteria for the evaluation were
      fever post partum, duration of stay in hospital and involution of the uterus. The
      results showed that the prophylactic administration of antibiotics had no
      significant effect on these parameters, with or without the simultaneous
      administration of oxytocics. Hence, in view of the risk of allergic reactions,
      toxicity and the selection of resistant strains the prophylactic administration
      of antibiotics does not seem to be justified in vaginal obstetric procedures.
      Scrupulous aseptic precautions during all vaginal or intrauterine procedures are
      considered essential for the prevention of infection.

PMID- 373262
TI  - [Therapy of traumatic brain edema with spironolactone (author's transl)].
AB  - In 30 patients with severe brain injury a double-blind study was performed. The
      effectiveness of the aldosterone-antagonist Aldactone pro injectione was examined
      in therapy of traumatic brain edema. The results indicate elimination of sodium
      and water from brain cells and white matter. Concomitantly faster improvement of
      state of consciousness was observed.

PMID- 373263
TI  - [Vienna 1879--medical portrait of the metropolis].

PMID- 373264
TI  - [Experience with physician-prescribed dilutions of a new flumethasone pivalate
      triclosan dermatologic agent in dermatological practice: results of a multicenter
      clinical trial].

PMID- 373265
TI  - When a contract becomes an agreement.

PMID- 373266
TI  - Infectious complications associated with renal transplantation: an analysis of
      risk factors.
AB  - To assess the multiple risk factors reported to be associated with onset of
      serious bacterial, fungal, viral, and protozoal infections in renal allograft
      recipients, a retrospective study of all renal transplantations performed at Yale
      New Haven Medical Center from the inception of the transplantation program in
      December, 1967, to December, 1975, was undertaken. Ninety-six renal allograft
      transplants in 85 patients were available for evaluation during this study
      period. Renal allograft recipients were evaluated for incidence of infection from
      time of transplantation until transplant nephrectomy, death, or January 1, 1976.
      All infections were characterized by type of infection, organism, site, and time
      of onset post-transplantation. Recipients with infections were also evaluated for
      their donor type, living-related or cadaveric, age at time of transplantation,
      granulocytopenia, corticosteroid therapy, and rejection episodes. There were 215
      infections, 92 of which were defined as serious, in 78 of the 96 renal allograft
      recipients. Eighteen renal allograft recipients had no infections.
      Granulocytopenia, but not rejection, correlated with serious infections at some
      time in the patient's course. However, no significant temporal relationship
      between serious infections and episodes of granulocytopenia or rejection could be
      established. Mortality rate and incidence of serious infection was higher in the
      group receiving high dose corticosteroid therapy compared with the group
      receiving lower doses of corticosteroids. The mortality rate in these 85
      transplant recipients was 33%. Seventy-four percent of these deaths were directly
      related to infection (24% of 85 patients).

PMID- 373267
TI  - Induced abortion as a risk factor for perinatal complications: a review.
AB  - Past and continuing studies of the influence of a prior induced abortion on
      subsequent perinatal complications are reviewed. Many definitive conclusions are
      precluded because of design problems in the extant studies and these
      methodological issues, therefore, form the focus for the current review. The
      available studies do suggest that abortion by vacuum aspiration is not a risk
      factor for complications of subsequent pregnancies, labor, delivery, or of
      newborns. Abortion by dilatation and curettage, however, may increase the risk of
      subsequent spontaneous abortion, low birth weight, and prematurity but these
      findings need to be confirmed. The impact of other abortion techniques or
      perinatal complications has not been studied. The more common design problems in
      the extant literature include: (1) failure to control for confounding maternal
      factors; (2) problems in reliability of reporting previous abortion; and (3)
      nonspecific measurement of abortion techniques. Since approximately three
      quarters of all abortions performed annually in the United States are on young
      never-married women who may eventually wish to bear children, further rigorous
      research to define the risks of induced abortion is urgently required.

PMID- 373268
TI  - Joseph Marshall Flint and the whole-time system at Yale. The Samuel Clark Harvey
      Lecture in the History of Medicine March 21, 1977. Medical Historical Library.
      Yale University School of Medicine.

PMID- 373270
TI  - Fever theory in the seventeenth century: building toward a comprehensive
      physiology.
AB  - Physicians in the seventeenth century developed several theories to explain the
      causes and cures of fever. These theories relied heavily upon the most important
      physiological discovery of the period, the circulation of blood throughout the
      human body. In addition, physicians, increasingly emphasized careful observation
      of their patients' symptoms, in order to develop empirically effective methods of
      treatment.

PMID- 373269
TI  - A thematic approach to the history of physiology.
AB  - This paper is a brief report of an undergraduate course in the history of
      physiology. A specific area, the development of the concepts of the
      cardiovascular system, was examined chronologically through primary readings and
      laboratory exercises. As an unusual approach to a frequently ignored but
      important subject, it may be of interest to those concerned with teaching the
      history of science.

PMID- 373271
TI  - The case of the casual chirurgeon: John Browne.
AB  - In 1687 a woman whose leg had been badly injured brought action in the Mayor's
      Court of London against her surgeon, contesting his bill because her treatment
      had been neglected.

PMID- 373272
TI  - [Follow-up observation of the so-called normophasic method of hormonal
      contraception].

PMID- 373273
TI  - [100 years of cremation in Gotha].

PMID- 373274
TI  - [History of psychiatric care].

PMID- 373275
TI  - [Pharmacology of fibrinolytics].
AB  - The pharmacological basis for clinical uses of the fibrinolytic agents
      streptokinase and urokinase is summarizing described. Since streptokinase is
      still the drug of choice in fibrinolytic therapy of thromboembolic disorders, its
      chemistry, mode of action, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and side-effects are
      reported in detail.

PMID- 373276
TI  - [Use of antithrombotic drugs in internal medicine].

PMID- 373277
TI  - [Pharmacology of heparin].
AB  - After introductory notes on the history of heparin research the chemistry of this
      mucopolysaccharide is described. It is shown that the chemistry of heparin cannot
      be exactly described by one chemical formula because heparin represents a family
      of compounds with different chain-length. Molecular features responsible for the
      high structural specificity of anticoagulant activity are described. The present
      status of knowledge on the mechanism of the anticoagulant action of heparin is
      described in detail. It is shown that basic mechanism is the acceleration of the
      interaction of antithrombin III with the clotting factors IXa, Xa, XIa, XIIa, and
      thrombin which are known to be serine proteases. The effects of heparin of
      platelet function, lipid composition of blood, and on fibrinolysis reflect its
      complex influence on hemostasis. After a description of side effects and toxicity
      clinically relevant data on its pharmacocinetics are given.

PMID- 373278
TI  - [Thrombosis prevention and treatment in pediatrics].

PMID- 373279
TI  - [Acute hypoxia and internal intensive medicine. III. Differentiated respiration].
AB  - In the third information concerning the topic "acute hypoxia and internal
      intensive medicine" the fundamentals of differentiated respiration are described.
      Current generators with constant and variable flow are best suited to remove the
      combined disturbances of the inhomogeneous lung or their results. In the Medivent
      series a choice of types of respiratory apparatuses is at disposal by means of
      which a large part of respiratory disturbances may be commanded. A comprehensive
      possibility of the modification of the characteristics of respiration by an
      adjustibility of the sizes of respiration which are independent upon another is
      to be demanded. The PEEP is a valuable enlargement of the characteristics of
      respiration. Its effects are to be controlled in reaction to the circulation. In
      the centre of the information is the immediate practical approach in indication,
      choice of the parameters, adaptation of the patient to respiration and
      withdrawal.

PMID- 373281
TI  - [Ambrus Abraham on his 85th birthday 20 November 1978].

PMID- 373280
TI  - [Role of life style and nutrition in the etiology, prevention and therapy of
      coronary disease with special reference to lipid metabolism].
AB  - Issuing from the epidemiological situation of the angiocardiopathies the
      importance of the factors of risk for the coronary heart disease are emphasized
      with special consideration of the disturbances of lipometabolism. Essential
      constituent in the reduction of the factors of risk, particularly obesity,
      hyperlipoproteinaemia and hypertension, is the change of the habits of nutrition.
      An increased supply of manifold unsaturated fatty acids, an adequate to the
      disturbances of lipometabolism type-specific restriction of the cholesterol and
      carbohydrate intake and a reduction of the saline supply are to be recommended.
      The importance of measures in the field of health education which should begin
      already at school age is emphasized.

PMID- 373282
TI  - Fibrinogen or its derivatives in the Kurloff cells.
AB  - We have investigated the occurrence of fibrinogen or its derivatives in the
      Kurloff bodies of female guinea pigs by means of immunofluorescence,
      histochemistry and ultrastructural analysis. The Kurloff bodies are fluorescent
      after incubation with anti-guinea pig fibrinogen immuno-globulins coupled with
      fluorescein isothiocyanate. PTAH, Martius scarlet blue, Masson 44--41, Picro
      Mallory V stain the Kurloff bodies just as they stain fibrin and fibrinoid.
      However, the ultrastructure of the central mass of the Kurloff body is finely
      granular without fibrils. Thus the Kurloff body contains no fibrin but
      incompletely polymerized fibrinogen derivatives or breakdown products of fibrin.

PMID- 373283
TI  - [Universal mechanism for regulating blood clotting and fibrinolysis].

PMID- 373284
TI  - [Mechanisms of adaptation of tissue growth to the entrance of exogenous
      substances into the body].

PMID- 373285
TI  - [Metabolic interrelationships of lipids].

PMID- 373287
TI  - [We will have to stop them!].

PMID- 373286
TI  - [Role of the non-histone proteins of chromatin in regulating genetic activity].

PMID- 373288
TI  - [Problems and prospects in alpine immunology].

PMID- 373289
TI  - [New antibiotics in the treatment of surgical infection: the importance and
      principles of choice].

PMID- 373290
TI  - [Analysis of the information flow on the problem of psoriasis (based on a study
      of foreign abstract and bibliographic publications)].

PMID- 373291
TI  - [Clinical laboratory evaluation of tinidazole (Fatsizhim) Polfa in the treatment
      of vaginal trichomoniasis].

PMID- 373292
TI  - [L. A. Shteinlukht, obituary].

PMID- 373293
TI  - [N. A. Aleutskii].

PMID- 373294
TI  - [O. I. Niunikova].

PMID- 373295
TI  - [Use of lysozyme for the treatment of suppurative otitis media].

PMID- 373297
TI  - [The Brain Institute of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR (on the 50th
      anniversary of its founding)].

PMID- 373296
TI  - [Importance of the ideas of I. P. Pavlov for psychopharmacology (on the 80th
      anniversary of the first papers on the pharmacology of higher nervous activity)].

PMID- 373298
TI  - [Application of the see-saw principle to the clamp telescope and the resiliency
      telescope].

PMID- 373299
TI  - [Dental and neurological aspects of mucosal burning in prosthesis wearers. I. The
      dental aspects].

PMID- 373300
TI  - [Dental and neurological aspects of mucosal burning in prosthesis wearers. II.
      Neurological aspects].

PMID- 373301
TI  - [Streptococcus mutans: a review of the literature. I].

PMID- 373302
TI  - Influence of the composition of the diet on some parameters connected with gastro
      intestinal colonization resistance in mice.

PMID- 373303
TI  - [History of the development of the Munich Polyclinic for Dental Prophylaxis and
      Parodontology].

PMID- 373304
TI  - [Versatile physician and humanist with a deeply religious basic attitude (Hermann
      Wolf)].

PMID- 373305
TI  - [Status and prospects for development of public health in the Yamal-Nenets and
      Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Districts in Tyumen Province].

PMID- 373306
TI  - [In memoriam Dr. Eugen Lederer].

PMID- 373307
TI  - Some aspects of fermentation of Rhizobium leguminosarum with reference to economy
      of ingredients in the substrate.
AB  - Incremental feeding of nutrients was found to be beneficial in mass cultivation
      of R. leguminosarum. Similarly, semi-continuous fermentation of R. leguminosarum
      up to 4 days was also found to be useful in maintaining the viable number of
      cells.

PMID- 373308
TI  - Fermentative production of fodder yeasts.
AB  - Fermentative production of fodder yeasts are achieved by different microorganisms
      of yeast. Influence of some biochemical factors on the formation of fodder yeast
      are examined. The raw ingredients and by-products which are used in the
      fermentative formation of fodder yeast are also reviewed.

PMID- 373309
TI  - [Surgical correction of the atrophic sagging breast].

PMID- 373310
TI  - [Y invagination anastomosis in gastrectomy].

PMID- 373311
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach].

PMID- 373312
TI  - [100 years ago (4)].

PMID- 373313
TI  - [The 70th anniversary of Helmut Reme, 20 Jan. 1979].

PMID- 373314
TI  - [Plate osteosynthesis using the support principle].
AB  - In the operative treatment of fractures there are special principles for plating
      by support. Osteosynthesis is indicated for comminnuted fractures and bone
      defects in the metaphysis. Plating for distance also is established for fractures
      and pseudarthroses with defects in the diaphysis. This method is especially
      recommended for fractures of the head of the tibia and for reconstructing the
      pilon tibial.

PMID- 373315
TI  - [Soft tissue injuries in compound fractures (author's transl)].
AB  - Problems in the management of soft tissue injuries in compound fractures are
      presented. They usually originate from the initial traumatic force, but may be
      the result of pitfalls of the primary treatment as well. The management of open
      fractures--as it is performed in this clinic--is presented in detail. After
      primary stabilization of the fracture attention is directed to the associated
      soft tissue injuries, which require utmost care in the further course of
      treatment. Primary wound closure should never be forcefully obtained, since
      closure under tension will result in severe secondary tissue damage. In our
      experience temporary open wound treatment and delayed closure is the method of
      choice in the initial management of open fractures. For temporary cover we
      successfully use the synthetic skin substitute Epigard. Since we adopted this
      policy, the rate of infection declined drastically, and anaerobic infections as
      well as generalized sepsis could be totally avoided.

PMID- 373316
TI  - [Allogeneic osteoplasty following tumour resection (author's transl)].
AB  - Replacement by allogeneic cold-preserved bone following resection of bone-tumours
      is a successful method. The substitution of the allogeneic bone is delayed.
      Extensive allogeneic osteoplasties should be performed in consideration of the
      donor-recipient-selection principle.

PMID- 373317
TI  - [Candida albicans as the pathogen in hematogenic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 373318
TI  - [Sperma- and HLA-antibody demonstration in sterility].
AB  - Sperma antibodies were detected by means of passive haemagglutination, the
      immobilisation test and immunofluorescence in the serum of 16 females from among
      150 infertile married couples. These serums (experimental group) and 16 serum
      samples containing no sperma antibodies (control group) were investigated for the
      presence of cytotoxic HLA-antibodies against lymphocytes from their married
      partners and from 20 selected donors by means of the micro-lymphocyte toxicity
      test. HLA-antibodies against the lymphocytes of the husbands involved were found
      in four women from the experimental group. Two of these four serums also reacted
      with 20% of the test lymphocytes. In the control group, lymphocyte-toxic
      antibodies against test subjects were also found in all three serums which cross
      reacted with the lymphocytes of the husbands. No new diagnostic or therapeutic
      criteria for the treatment of sterility can be derived from the combined humoral
      sperma and cytotoxic HLA-antibodies in the serum.

PMID- 373319
TI  - [Theoretical and clinical aspects of the penetration test].
AB  - An overlook is given about the theory of penetrating tests. The assay of tests
      depends from some biological factors concerning sperms, spermplasma and the
      cervix mucus itself. The penetrating tests are important in functional disorders
      in the area of cervixsperm. In negative results hormonal defects and
      immunological factors have to be considered.

PMID- 373320
TI  - Encapsulation by transformation of strains of Staphylococcus aureus determined by
      the serum-soft agar technique.
AB  - Transformation for capsular-types (A and B) between four Staphylococcus aureus
      strains was attempted using a serum-soft agar technique to distinguish the
      capsular-type. DNA preparations from the Smith diffuse strain (capsular-type A)
      transformed strain NS58C (unencapsulated variant of capsular-type B) to type A.
      The strain NS58C required Ala- and His-, however, the two transformants tested
      were Ala+ and His+. These properties coincided with those of the donor strain
      just as the following characters of the transformants, which are quite different
      from the untransformed recipient cells: i) negative clumping factor reaction, ii)
      diffuse-type growth in serum-soft agar, and iii) high mouse virulence. The change
      to capsular-type A was antigenically comfirmed by electronmicroscopy using
      ferritin conjugated anti-capsular antibody.

PMID- 373321
TI  - [Phage typing of rough E. coli strains isolated from urine (author's transl)].
AB  - A differentiation of E. coli rough strains is generally not well established in
      bacteriological urine diagnosis although these strains are relatively often
      isolated from urine samples of patients with urinary tract infections (see table
      2). An exact characterization of rough strains seems to be necessary especially
      for the distinction between recurrent and reinfection during therapy and follow
      up studies. The application of phage typing for characterization of E. coli rough
      strains isolated from urine is reported in the following paper, using a set of 13
      phages (A-M) introduced by Marsik and Parisi (8). Out of 284 E. coli rough
      strains 166 (58.4 per cent) were found to be typable. Altogether 56 different
      phage patterns were observed. The most common phage patterns are presented in
      table 1. It is evident that GHK is the most frequent pattern occurring in 7 per
      cent of the strains investigated. The next most common patterns are M and
      BCDEIJLM (4.9 and 3.5 per cent, respectively). These, together with AM (3.2 per
      cent) and F (3.2 per cent) account for 21.8 per cent of all the rough strains
      tested. From the results it is concluded that phage typing may be a valuable tool
      for differentiation of E. coli rough strains.

PMID- 373322
TI  - [Experimental studies to culture bacteria from blood specimen with an addition of
      ampicillin in various nutrient media (author's transl)].
AB  - Ampicillin-sensitive or -resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella strains
      were cultured in various nutrient media as prototypes of the agents of sepsis
      isolated in bacteriological routine analysis. In each case, 2 ml of defibrinated
      human blood containing 100 and 1000 cells, 8 gamma and 80 gamma ampicillin/1 ml
      blood respectively were added to 50 ml of nutrient medium. The following media
      were used. 1. casein soya-bean meal peptone broth (Oxoid), 2. tryptose-phosphate
      medium (Oxoid), 3. dextrose broth (Oxoid), 4. brain-heart-dextrose medium
      (Oxoid), 5. brain-heart infusion, autoclaved (Difco), 6. brain-heart infusion,
      after sterile filtration (Difco), 7. vacutainer culture bottles (BD) prepared
      medium, 8. micrognost blood culture bottles (Biotest) prepared medium. While the
      sensitive staphylococcus strain exhibited a slower growth than the sensitive
      Klebsiella strain in all nutrient media, the growth rate of the two resistant
      variants was approximately the same for an initial count of 100 cells per ml of
      blood. Among the resistant staphylococci the higher initial count of the inoculum
      resulted in an improved growth. After addition of 8 gamma or 80 gamma
      ampicillin/1 ml blood the sensitive staphylococcus strain did not show any grwoth
      irrespective of the inoculated number of cells while the sensitive Klebsiella
      strain multiplied irrespective of the initial number of cells. After 24 hours the
      resistant staphylococci and Klebsiella strains of which 1000 cells each had been
      used for inoculation exhibited growth in almost all media used.

PMID- 373323
TI  - [The biochemical activity of the aflatoxins (author's transl)].
AB  - Results of experiments with the Salmonella typhimurium-liver microsome technique
      make it evident that the mutagenic and carcinogenic metabolite of aflatoxin B1 is
      aflatoxin B1-2,3-oxide. This compound forms adducts with guanine in DNA. There is
      a close relationship between the mutagenic activity and the hepatocarcinogenic
      property of the different aflatoxin derivatives.

PMID- 373324
TI  - [On the behaviour of germs during the heat and moisture exchange in air
      conditioning plants (author's transl)].

PMID- 373325
TI  - Experience with a quantitative carrier test for the evaluation of disinfectants.

PMID- 373327
TI  - [In memoriam Wilhelm Tonnis, 16 June 1898 - 12. September 1978].

PMID- 373326
TI  - [Investigations on the antimicrobial activity of amine-aldehyde-condensates. 6.
      Communication: azomethines of substituted benzaldehydes (author's transl)].
AB  - In the scope of our research about the antimicrobial activity of amin
      aldehydecondensates a number of substituted benzaldehyde azomethines was
      synthesized by condensation of suitable benzaldehydes with primary amines
      (aminoethanol and n-butylamine). Structures and physical constants are shown in
      the table 1. The antimicrobial activity is demonstrated by the results of the
      disk-test (table 2 and 3), of the minimal inhibition concentration test (MIC,
      table 4) and of the suspension-disinfecting test following the method of the DGHM
      (table 5). It may be shown that both the germistatic and the germicidal activity
      depends on the substituents of the aromatic ring. Bactericidal activity show the
      test compounds mainly versus the gram-negative bacteria.

PMID- 373328
TI  - [Antirelapse action of the flowers of the blue cornflower in urolithiasis].

PMID- 373329
TI  - [Our experience in treating cholelithiasis with Japanese medlar].

PMID- 373330
TI  - [Atypical and inapparent forms of human pseudotuberculosis infection].

PMID- 373331
TI  - [3 unpublished works of I. I. Mechnikov].

PMID- 373332
TI  - [Role of immune ribonucleic acids in stimulating antitumor immunity].

PMID- 373333
TI  - [Development of the theory of rickettsioses].

PMID- 373334
TI  - [Cellular immunity factors in dysentery].
AB  - Cellular immune response was studied in 89 adult patients suffering from various
      clinical forms of acute dysentery, with the use of the lymphocyte blast-cell
      transformation reaction under the action of a specific antigen (dysenterin) and a
      nonspecific mitogen (phitohemagglutinin). Functional value of T-lymphocytes
      proved to be retained in patients with acute dysentery; there was also lymphocyte
      stimulation by a specific antigen in patients with moderately severe and severe
      forms of dysentery during the first week of the disease. Specificity of blast
      cell transformation of sensitized lymphocytes under the action of dysenterin was
      shown. Patients with a high percentage of the lymphocyte blast forms displayed a
      more rapid positive progress of the main clinical indices at the height of the
      disease than analogous patients with a low blast percentage in the blood. The
      expediency of using the blast-cell transformation reaction for differential
      diagnosis and prognosis of moderately severe and severe forms of acute dysentery
      is discussed.

PMID- 373335
TI  - [Immunological reactions in the secretions of volunteers vaccinated against
      influenza by aerosol and intranasally].
AB  - Aerosol and intranasal methods of influenza vaccination were studied on
      volunteers. Aerosol vaccination induced intensive S-IgA-producing reaction and
      increase of the specific antibody titres in the saliva and nasal secretions.
      Intranasal vaccination led to increase of influenza antibodies in the washings
      from the nasopharynx. The presence of a wide spectrum of antiviral and
      antibacterial normal secretory antibodies was revealed in the fluids under study.
      Along with stimulation of specific secretory antibodies, the methods of influenza
      vaccination under study led to increase of the titre of antibodies nonspecific of
      the vaccine used.

PMID- 373336
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of experimental infection. II. A study of the
      dynamics of Shigella infection].
AB  - The dynamics of experimental Shigella infection of chick embryo fibroblasts was
      studied with the use of electron microscopy. The antibiotic-resistant forms of
      Sh. sonnei 1,188 was found to be incapable of invasion into the fibroblast
      cytoplasm and intracellular proliferation. The destruction of fibroblasts
      observed during the infection was seemingly caused by the action of bacterial
      endotoxins.

PMID- 373337
TI  - [Interrelationships between the virulence and the presence of M-protein in
      hemolytic streptococcus group A].
AB  - Experiments on mice demonstrated that of hemolytic streptococci A M types 2, 3,
      12, 22, 46, and 49 characteristic is the absence of parallelism between their
      virulence for mice and the presence of M+-colonies in the microbial population.
      There was also a greater virulence for mice of M-variants. The established
      changes in serological properties of the cultures passaged in vitro were brought
      to the acquisition of polyagglutinability by the passage cultures, and to the
      loss of type-specific protection by the immune sera against these cultures. A
      possibility of acquisition by passage cultures of a factor determining their high
      virulence for mice, nonidentical to M-protein, is discussed.

PMID- 373338
TI  - [Properties of the R plasmids of Sh. flexneri strains isolated in Bulgaria].
AB  - The study of 3,237 Sh. flexneri strains isolated in Bulgaria revealed that 50.72%
      of them were resistant to antibiotics. 95.88% of the antibiotic-resistant strains
      were found to have R factor of incompatibility groups F, I or N. The plasmids of
      incompatibility group F had the property fin+, and the plasmids of groups I and N
      had the property fin-. R plasmids were divided into 4 groups by their ability for
      phage restriction.

PMID- 373339
TI  - [Detection of receptors for the IgG Fc fragment as well as for the C3 component
      of complement in the spleen T-lymphocytes of CBA mice].
AB  - The presence of receptors to the Fc fragment of IgG and to the C3 component in
      the complement of T lymphocytes in the spleen of CBA mice was studied. The study
      was made by the method based on Coons's indirect immunofluorescence test with the
      use of antithymocytic globulin, in combination with EA and EAC rossette
      formation. A significant percentage of T lymphocytes was found to have the
      receptor to the Fc fragment of IgG, while only a small part of T lymphocytes was
      found to have the receptor to the C3 component of the complement.

PMID- 373340
TI  - [Determination of the localization of the kcpA gene on the chromosome of E. coli
      O124. I. Use of the type F' plasmids of varying length].
AB  - The loss of virulence was observed in some of the transconjugates of E. coli O124
      in the process of the transfer of the plasmids differing in length: F' 200 PS,
      F'x 573 and F'x 363, carrying the genes of the chromosome area lac--pur E. The
      genetic determinants contributing to the ability of E. coli O124 to produce
      keratoconjunctivitis seem to be localized near the lactose marker, and not near E
      as in Sh. flexneri. In E. coli O124 these genetic determinants are probably
      localized on both sides of the lactose operon.

PMID- 373341
TI  - [Symbiotic microflora of the pharynx and its role in human body resistance to
      infection].

PMID- 373342
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of different globulin preparations and of the means for
      blood sensitization in obtaining antibody erythrocytic diagnostica].
AB  - In comparing the hemosensitizing activity of various immunoglobulin preparations
      with different methods of erythrocyte loading the greatest activity and
      specificity was revealed in IgG isolated by means of DEAE-Sephadex A-50. The
      method of erythrocyte sensitization with the use of alizarin blue indicator was
      more advantageous in respect to sensitivity and specificity of Sh. sonnei and
      Newcastle indication over Boyden's, Jandl and Simmons', Bing's methods.

PMID- 373343
TI  - [Frozen and thawed bacteria as recipients of isolated phages and plasmid DNA].
AB  - Bacteria subjected to freezing and thawing are effective recipients of phage 1
      phi 7 DNA, lambda DNA, and plasmid pMB9 DNA. The effectiveness of transfection
      and plasmid transformation of frozen and thawed bacteria is determined by the
      joint action of 3 factors: 1) the conditions of freezing and thawing of a
      recipient and DNA mixture with freezing carried out at a rate of 400 degrees
      C/min to--76 degrees C or--196 degrees C and with subsequent thawing at 42
      degrees C; 2) a transitory character of recipient competence preservation in
      respect of phage and plasmid DNA; 3) the degree of recipient cryolability
      depending, in particular, on the genotype of the recipient. The maximum indices
      of transfection effectiveness and plasmid transformation have been obtained with
      bacterial concentration equal to 1--5 X 10(9) cells/ml, phage and plasmid DNA
      concentration equal to 0.05--0.5 mcg/ml in the reaction mixture containing 0.5-
      1% of Spofa bactopeptone, PH 7.4--7.6.

PMID- 373344
TI  - Biosynthesis of somatostatin in pancreatic islets of Wistar rats.
AB  - Pancreatic islets of Wistar rats were isolated by collagenase digestion and
      incubated with [3H]-L-phenylalanine. Using a specific somatostatin antiserum
      radioactivity was found in the antibody-antigen-complex. The radioactivity was
      displaced by unlabelled somatostatin. These findings give the first evidence for
      the biosynthesis of somatostatin or somatostatin-like peptides in mammalian
      pancreatic islets.

PMID- 373346
TI  - [Studies on the recognition of specific sensitization to tumor antigens by
      measuring passive electrical additive effects as against the electrophoretic
      mobility test].
AB  - Lymphocytes from cancer patients were incubated with different tumor antigens. In
      the medium in which the lymphocytes were suspended, passive electrical values
      could be measured in the Mc region. These values correlate with a specific
      sensibilization of tumor carriers. By comparison with the electrophoresis
      mobility test (em-test) we found in 66 out of 74 supernatants, using CEA and KCl
      extracts as antigens, a good conformity of the two reaction patterns.

PMID- 373345
TI  - Preparation and characterization of insulin of carp (Cyprinus carpio).
AB  - Insulin of carp (Cyprinus carpio) was isolated and crystallized. The insulin was
      biologically active in two tests; it decreased the blood glucose level and
      stimulated 14CO2-formation from glucose. The chemical properties are similar to
      those of insulins from other species. The insulins of carp and of mammals differ
      greatly immunologically. Antibodies against carp insulin crossreact with carp
      proinsulin.

PMID- 373347
TI  - Isolation of ribosomes from Escherichia coli by chromatography on methyl-albumin
      kieselgel.
AB  - The present communication shows that ribosomes isolated by differential
      centrifugation retain their composition and biological activity during subsequent
      methyl-albumin-kieselgel (MAK)-chromatography. The data obtained were used to
      develop a novel chromatographic procedure for the isolation of ribosomes from E.
      coli lysates. It could be demonstrated that purified preparations of active
      ribosomes can be obtained by MAK-chromatography avoiding ultracentrifugation.

PMID- 373348
TI  - [Effect of the chemical surface structure of functionalized polystyrene on the
      kinetic properties of immobilized yeast pyruvate decarboxylase].
AB  - The influence of the loading density of different functional groups and the
      length of suitable spacer structures on the kinetic properties of yeast pyruvate
      decarboxylase are investigated on identical polystyrene matrices. At constant
      concentrations of the fixed protein both the specific activity and the storage
      stability of the immobilized enzymes increase with increasing concentrations of
      the protein binding (C = O)-groups. pH-Optimum and K'M-value prove to be
      functions of the NH3+-content of the supports. Using four spacer resins with an
      equal content of spacer groups it could be shown that the optimum time of
      coupling as well as the maximum catalytical activity, storage stability and
      thermostability depend on the length of the spacer structures. On the other hand,
      the mobility of an ESR-marker fixed via the same spacers to the resin is not
      affected by the different spacer structures.

PMID- 373349
TI  - [Laboratory experiments with a polyvalent extract vaccine for oral immunization
      against E. coli enteritis].
AB  - Bacteria of E. coli causing enteritis can be extracted by EDTA-sodium. These
      extracts having lower dry weights result in better protective effects in contrast
      to sodium-deoxycholate extracts. The EDTA-sodium extracts can be concentrated,
      purified and sterile filtrated. Thus the production of polyvalent vaccines is
      possible. A direct relation exists between the effectiveness of the extracts and
      the virulence of the strains used for extraction. The more virulent the original
      strain the better is the protective effect of the vaccine produced by extraction
      of the original strain. The single components of the polyvalent vaccine show a
      certain improvement of their protective effects. For estimating the immunizing
      dose, it is necessary to consider the limiting dose. When exceeding this dose the
      protective effect or the vaccine does not further increase but remains constant
      of even decreases. The immunizing dose wanted must be greater than the ED50 but
      smaller than the limiting dose. Extremely high oral doses of vaccine result in
      symptoms of incompatibility in mice.

PMID- 373350
TI  - [Surgical treatment of decubitus ulcer in paraplegics. Experience with 70
      reconstructive procedures (author's transl)].
AB  - Based upon our own experience with 70 surgical procedures for 49 primary
      decubitus ulcers, 17 complications and 7 recurrences in 31 paraplegics, and upon
      the techniques described in the literature, the different reconstructive methods
      and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed and illustrated with
      representative cases. The surgical reconstruction of decubitus ulcers requires a
      thorough planning and an atraumatic surgical technique. Nevertheless
      complications are not seldom and recurrences are possible.

PMID- 373351
TI  - Prophylaxis of postoperative thromboembolic complications with low-dose heparin.
      An analysis of different administration intervals.
AB  - The literature on low-dose heparin thrombosis prophylaxis has been reviewed to
      evaluate differences in effect and bleeding complications between heparin
      administered at twelve- and eight-hour intervals. The more frequent
      administration gives a slightly greater reduction of the overall frequency of
      thrombosis but is not more effective in reducing extensive thrombi or fatal
      pulmonary emboli. Moreover, it causes more haemorrage, which is why it is
      concluded that the twelve-hourly interval must be recommended.

PMID- 373352
TI  - [Diabetic microangiopathies].

PMID- 373353
TI  - Studies on the frequency and associations of islet-cell antibodies in juvenile
      diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Ninety-six juvenile onset type diabetics showed an increase in the frequency of
      HLA B8 and B15 and a decrease in frequency of HLA B7 antigens. Sixty-four
      maturity onset diabetics showed no disturbance in the frequency of these
      antigens. Fifty-four of the juvenile onset type diabetics, with an average
      duration of disease of 3.2 years were tested for the presence of islet cell
      antibodies (ICAs). Thirty-two percent were positive, the frequency decreasing
      from 70% in those patients tested within one year of diagnosis to 0.5% in those
      patients tested more than 5 years after diagnosis. No correlation was found
      between HLA type and the frequency of ICAs, but there was an increase in other
      autoantibodies in B15 positive patients. Preliminary absorption studies suggest a
      cross reactivity of ICAs and Coxsackie B4 virus.

PMID- 373354
TI  - In vitro conversion of proinsulin to insulin by cathepsin B and role of C
      peptide.
AB  - Cathepsin B, purified from isolated islets of Langerhans, when incubated with
      proinsulin under in vitro conditions could convert proinsulin to insulin and C
      peptide, releasing free arginine and lysine. When C-peptide, prepared from rat
      pancreas, was added to the incubation system consisting of proinsulin and
      cathepsin B, it completely inhibited the conversion of proinsulin to insulin.

PMID- 373355
TI  - Inhibition by kynurenine metabolites of proinsulin synthesis in isolated
      pancreatic islets.
AB  - The effect of kynurenine metabolites on insulin biosynthesis was investigated in
      isolated pancreatic islets of the rat. Both quinaldic acid and 8-hydroxyquinaldic
      acid were found to produce significant inhibition of the proinsulin synthesis.
      However, the conversion process of proinsulin to insulin in the islet was not
      affected by these kynurenine metabolites. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of
      these end-metabolites of dynurenine was characterized by preferential inhibition
      of proinsulin synthesis as distinct from non-insulin protein synthesis in the
      islet. In contrast to the significant inhibitory effect of quinaldic acid and 8
      hydroxyquinaldic acid on proinsulin synthesis, xanthurenic acid and kynurenic
      acid were far less effective, and L-tryptophan, L-kynurenine, 3
      hydroxyanthranilic acid and quinolinic acid showed little ability to inhibit
      proinsulin synthesis in islets.

PMID- 373356
TI  - Functional modifications of endocrine pancreas after internal biliary fistula
      (experimental research).
AB  - The function of the B-insular system has been explored in dogs total internal
      biliary fistula (cholecysto-jejunostomy after closure of the common bile duct),
      an operation which causes an increase in number and total volume of pancreatic
      islets. Two groups of 10 animals each were either submitted to operation or used
      as controls. The endocrine function of the pancreas was explored 45-60 cays after
      surgery by assessing basal blood glucose and serum insulin. IVGTT and i.v.
      tolbutamide test were performed subsequently. The results indicate that in
      operated animals the ability to release insulin after stimulation is increased
      and that the control of basal hormone secretion is fully preserved.

PMID- 373357
TI  - Emphysematous pyelonephritis and perinephric gas in a diabetic.
AB  - A case of emphysematous pyelonephritis with perinephric gas is presented. The
      patient was an elderly female diabetic and in addition had a subphrenic abscess
      as a complication of EPPG. Diabetes was not under control and E. coli was the
      sole pathogen. As the patient did not respond to conservative treatment,
      nephrectomy and drainage of subphrenic abscess were done and the patient improved
      rapidly.

PMID- 373358
TI  - The effect of fenfluramine on obese, maturity-onset diabetic patients.
AB  - In 38 obese maturity-onset diabetic patients the effect of fenfluramine therapy
      on carbohydrate tolerance was compared to placebo therapy in a double blind
      trial. Fenfluramine therapy did not affect weight loss, or fasting glucose levels
      but produced a slight but significant improvement in glucose tolerance. This
      improvement was not correlated with any change in body weight or insulin
      secretion.

PMID- 373359
TI  - Calcium and pancreatic beta-cell function. 5. Mobilisation of a glucose
      stimulated pool of intracellular 45Ca by metabolic inhibitors and the ionophore A
      23187.
AB  - Glucose is believed to stimulate incorporation of calcium into the secretory
      granules of the pancreatic beta-cells. The mechanism of the glucose-stimulated
      accumulation of calcium in the granule pool was evaluated by measuring fluxes of
      45Ca in beta-cell-rich pancreatic islets microdissected from ob/ob-mice. The
      incorporation of lanthanum-nondisplaceable 45Ca in response to phosphate in being
      suppressed by 10 micrometer antimycin A, 0.3 mM 2,4-dinitrophenol or 1 mM N
      ethylmaleimide. Exposure to each of these metabolic inhibitors also resulted in a
      protracted efflux of the glucose-sensitive 45Ca under conditions when neither the
      45Ca incorporated in the presence of 3 mM glucose nor in response to phosphate
      was significantly affected. The glucose-stimulated intracellular 45Ca existed in
      a state allowing it to be washed out with the ionophore A-23187. The results
      suggest that the glucose-stimulated incorporation of calcium into the secretory
      granules is mediated by transport against a concentration gradient into the
      granule sac.

PMID- 373360
TI  - The effect of cimetidine on inpatients with duodenal ulcer -- a double blind
      trial.

PMID- 373361
TI  - Double-blind trial in duodenal and gastric ulcers. Cimetidine and
      deglycyrrhizinized liquorice.

PMID- 373362
TI  - Analysis of different variants of erythrocyte survival using digital computers.
AB  - In the paper a method is presented, enabling parameter estimation of erythrocyte
      survival patterns, what is an important element in the diagnosis of haemolytic
      anaemias. The method is based on a computer program, fitting the experimental
      data to eight variants of theoretical patterns with use of a weighted least
      squares criterion. A simple statistical test of approximation quality is
      described and several interpretational examples are given. The program may be
      easily handled by a physician with small programming experience.

PMID- 373363
TI  - [Analysis of anamnestic data in patients with acute leukemia].
AB  - The authors report a trial of a comprehensive study of a correlations between
      various data obtained during history taking and the development of leukaemia in
      children. On the basis of epidemiological cards data were analysed concerning 200
      children with acute leukaemia, including 108 boys and 92 girls. The control group
      comprised 217 healthy children. The method of classification of independent
      characteristics was used for the analysis of discernibility of children in these
      two groups. Continuous (or quantitative) characteristics were regarded as
      normally distributed, and discrete ones were defined by the frequencies found. As
      a result of computer processing of data 181 out of 200 patients (90.5%) and 204
      controls (94.0%) were classified accurately. The mean error of classification was
      7.75%.

PMID- 373364
TI  - [Granulocyte adherence in advanced Hodgkin's disease and its dependence on
      antiproliferative drugs used].
AB  - In 36 patients with stage III and IV of Hodgkin's disease granulocyte adherence
      was investigated. The determinations were carried out in minicolumns filled with
      nylon fibres. In 13 patients the determinations were repeated 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24
      hours after administration of vinblastine and cyclophosphamide. In all patients
      granulocyte adherence was reduced, by 54.1 +/- 3.5% on the average. The values of
      adherence in the control group were of the order of 83.7 +/- +/- 4.7%.
      Administration of antiproliferative drugs reduced further the adherence. The
      lowest value of it was observed 6 hours after vinblastine and cyclophosphamide
      administration. After that time the adherence increased gradually reaching the
      initial level 24 hours after administration of antiproliferative agents. These
      results suggest that reduced adherence of granulocytes may be an additional
      cause, besides abnormal immunological reactions, of the impairment of the
      resistance mechanisms of the organism in advanced stages of Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 373365
TI  - Stereotaxis of the rat brain in ontogenesis.

PMID- 373366
TI  - Allogeneic transplantation in low-grade malignant bone tumours. A new operative
      technique to avoid amputation.
AB  - A massive allografting of deep-frozen cadaver bone or hemi-joint was performed in
      11 patients with tumours which were diagnosed as aggressive, low-grade
      malignancies. One patient died from a pre-existing hepatic insufficiency. The
      other 10 patients have been followed up from 1 to 8 years. These patients
      received two bone grafts and eight hemi-joint grafts around the knee joint. The
      operative procedure consisted of fixation of the graft by stable osteosynthesis,
      surrounding the graft-host junction with an autogeneic iliac chips cuff and, in
      cases of hemi-joint grafts, reconstruction of the ligaments. X-ray, scintigraphy
      and biopsy were used to judge the incorporation of the graft. The patients had to
      be prepared to face a considerable morbidity with long non-weight-bearing periods
      and possibly further operations. A full restitution of function was achieved in
      the bone graft cases. The patients with hemi-joint grafts were also able to
      retain their limb with a good or satisfactory function. No metastases or
      recurrences were experienced. The allograft procedure appears to be useful for
      younger adults, whose long life expectancy makes this operation justifiable,
      although the fate of cartilage still is unpredictable.

PMID- 373367
TI  - Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis by free grafts of cancellous autologous bone
      tissue. A preliminary report.
AB  - Chronic osteomyelitis was treated by free grafts of autologous bone tissue in 13
      consecutive patients aged 18 to 81 to years. In all patients the osteomyelitis
      was located in the leg, and Staphylococcus aureus was the causative organism.
      Seven had an infected non-union. The duration of the osteomyelitis varied from
      less than 1 year to 75 years. Surgical debridement and grafting of cancellous and
      cortical cancellous bone were performed at the one operation. The osteomyelitis
      healed after a single operation in all patients but one, who needed three
      operations before the infection was eradicated. In one patient a second bone
      grafting operation was necessary before weight-bearing could be allowed. Although
      the number of patients is small, the results agree well with larger series
      published recently. Grafting of autologous bone tissue seems to be a very
      valuable method of treatment for chronic osteomyelitis.

PMID- 373368
TI  - [In memory of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi].

PMID- 373369
TI  - Multi-disciplinary ambulatory family health care and psychiatry.

PMID- 373370
TI  - [Family therapy, the choice in the treatment of adolescents].

PMID- 373371
TI  - [The parents in the suicide or attempted suicide of a young child].

PMID- 373372
TI  - [Family therapeutic aspects in child and adolescent psychiatry].

PMID- 373373
TI  - Family psychiatry and child psychiatry.

PMID- 373375
TI  - [Home and foster care in school children. Association between family situation
      and the result of placement suggestions].

PMID- 373374
TI  - [The socioses].

PMID- 373376
TI  - Influence of a chronic disease on the evolution of the family dynamics. Study of
      25 families of hemophilic children.

PMID- 373377
TI  - [Literary page: Tonio Kroger--from another point of view].

PMID- 373378
TI  - Lymph follicular cholecystitis.
AB  - Ten cases of cholecystitis with severe lymphocytic reactions were selected among
      serially examined 131 cases of cholecystitis or/and cholelithiasis. Gram-negative
      bacterial infection, especially E. coli and K. pneumonia seemed to be related as
      the cause of these severe lymphocytic reactions, but the gallstone revealed no
      definite influence. We would like to separate the cases with severe lymphocytic
      reactions as a lymph follicular cholecystitis and consider the possibility of a
      gram-negative bacterial infection in bile.

PMID- 373379
TI  - Pseudomonas cepacia bacteraemia due to intrinsic contamination of an anaesthetic.
      Bacteriological and serological observations.
AB  - In November-December 1977 an epidemic of bacteraemia due to P. cepacia was
      observed in Odense, Denmark (nine patients), and in Nijmegen, Holland (seven
      patients). All patients recovered. The epidemic was traced to intrinsic
      contamination of two batches of the anaesthetic fentanyl. All isolates from the
      patients and from the two batches belonged to the same biotype, had identical
      sensitivity patterns, and identical antigens. The P. cepacia strain differed from
      stock strains in being able to grow in two passages in methyl-p-hydroxi-benzoate,
      0.5 mg/ml, which promoted the growth of the microorganism: inocula of 2-20 cfu
      were sufficient to initiate growth in the drug or preservative. These facts
      indicate the inadvisability of using p-hydroxi-benzoates as preservatives in
      vials. The strain was inhibited at temperatures above 38.5 degrees C,
      corresponding to the recovery of the patients after a period with fever above 39
      degrees C. Fourteen out of 15 patients examined had agglutinin titres greater
      than or equal to 320, while 36 blood donors had titres less than 40. Of 12
      patients with postoperative fever in the same period whose blood cultures did not
      yield P. cepacia, three had titres greater than 320.

PMID- 373380
TI  - Electron microscopy and immunoperoxidase staining of Streptococcus mutans during
      controlled growth in two different media.
AB  - Streptococcus mutans subspecies sobrinus serotype d (B13) was cultivated in a
      fermentor under controlled conditions in two different media: a complex proteose
      peptone medium and a defined minimal medium (C4). Specimens from different growth
      phases were examined by electron-microscopy and tested electron
      immunohistochemically. Irrespective of the growth medium used, no differences
      were observed in the immunohistochemical staining pattern of bacteria during the
      lag, the exponential and the early staionary phases. Specimens obtained several
      hours after exponential growth contained areas where the bacteria showed staining
      that ranged from  a strong deposit of reaction product to no deposit. This
      appearance seems partly to explain the differences in the intensity of
      immunohistochemical staining of certain bacteria observed in dental plaques
      stained for identification of S. mutans subspecies sorbrinus.

PMID- 373381
TI  - Diagnosis of Salmonella bacteria: antibodies against synthetic Salmonella O
      antigen 8 for immunofluorescence and co-agglutination using sensitized protein A
      containing staphylococci.
AB  - An antiserum against the synthetic disaccharide abequose 1 leads to 3 alpha
      rhamnose (AR), representative of Salmonella O-antigen 8, coupled to bovine serum
      albumin (BSA) was used for diagnosis of Salmonella bacteria by indirect
      immunofluorescence (IFL) and by co-agglutination (COA) using sensitized protein A
      containing staphylococci. Among the 1150 enteric bacteria tested in IFL, the
      antiserum correctly identified all 99 Salmonella serogroup C2 and C3 bacteria
      with O-antigen 8. No fluorescence was seen with 484 Salmonella bacteria belonging
      to other serogroups or 567 non-Salmonella enteric bacteria. The anti-AR-BSA serum
      was favourable as compared to a conventional Salmonella factor O8 serum as
      regards both titre and specificity. In the COA test, all 22 Salmonella serogroup
      C2 and C3 strains agglutinated strongly and within seconds, whereas no
      agglutination could be seen when 93 Salmonella bacteria representing other
      serogroups were tested.

PMID- 373382
TI  - Incidence and titres of smooth-muscle antibodies in human sera.
AB  - By means of the indirect immunofluorescence method smooth-muscle antibodies (SMA)
      were determined in 182 patients with various diseases and the findings were
      compared with those of 7 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and 580
      normal controls. IgG-SMA were found in 85.7% of the patients with CAH, titres
      above 80 occurred only in Hepatitis B-associated antigen (HBAg)-negative CAH, but
      IgG-SMA in low titres were also found with increased incidence in syphilis
      (16.7%) and in infections of the central nervous system (19%). In other diseases
      (Sjogren's syndrome, ulcerative colitis, regional enteritis, myasthenia gravis,
      progressive muscular dystrophy, atopic dermatitis and mycoplasma pneumoniae
      infection) the prevalence did not differ from that of controls (3.6%). IgM-SMA
      were found more often in CAH (28.6%), in infections of the central nervous system
      (14.3%) and in the mycoplasma pneumoniae infections (13%) than in controls
      (2.6%), but titres above 20 occurred only in controls. IgA-SMA were detected only
      in a patient with syphilis. Demonstration of IgG-SMA titres above 80 seems to
      support the diagnosis of HBAg-negative CAH, while the demonstration of IgA- and
      IgM-SMA seems to be without diagnostic value in chronic hepatitis.

PMID- 373383
TI  - Antibody responses in urine and serum against Escherichia coli O antigen in
      childhood urinary tract infection.

PMID- 373384
TI  - Effect of mycoplasmas on phagocytosis and immunocompetence in rats.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to evaluate some possible mechanisms by which
      mycoplasmas may facilitate a subsequent bacterial infection. The effector of M.
      arthritidis, M. hominis and U. urealyticum on lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens,
      subsequent antibody response, and the ability of neutrophils to carry out
      phagocytosis was investigated. In vitro, large doses of M. arthritidis and M.
      hominis depressed the reactivity of lymphocytes and the phagocytic ability of
      neutrophils. In vivo, inoculation of myoplasmas had no effect on reactivity of
      lymphocytes from rats, and antibody response to subsequently injected E. coli was
      normal. However, peritoneal neutrophils from rats injected intraperitoneally with
      large doses of M. arthritidis and M. Hominis were invalidated in their ability to
      cause phagocytosis of E. Coli. U. urealyticum had no observable effect on
      lymphocytes and neutrophils in vitro and in vivo.

PMID- 373385
TI  - Complement receptors in human peripheral nerve tissue.
AB  - Cryostat sections of human peripheral nerve tissue adsorbed sheep erythrocytes
      sensitized with antibody and human complement (EAC). Activated complement was
      essential for the reaction to occur. The receptor had specificity for the C3b
      fragment. In order to obrain binding to nerve tissue, the indicator cells had to
      be coated with more complement than that required for binding to C3b receptors in
      spleen and renal tissue. The receptors are located within the nerve fascicles and
      are probably of glycoprotein nature. The receptors for C3b in peripheral nerve
      tissus may be of significance in the deposition of immune complexes, which may
      play a role in acute polyradiculoneuritis.

PMID- 373387
TI  - [Role and significance of clinico-pharmacological investigations in drug
      research].

PMID- 373386
TI  - Interaction of the Fc part of IgG with Lancefield extracts of hemolytic
      streptococci. Strain specificity and activity.
AB  - Lancefield extracts of 19 types of group A streptococci as well as one group C
      and one group G strain were examined for agglutination of human red cells coated
      with various anti-Rh antibodies. Fourteen extracts agglutinated one or more of
      the coated cell samples, while five did not. The agglutination was inhibited by
      Fc but not by Fab fragments of human IgG. After mouse passages, three of the non
      agglutinating strains acquired agglutinating capacity. At least three different
      reactivities were distinguished by the action of the extracts on IgG1 and IgG3
      coated cells, respectively. Two of the streptococcal extracts, agglutinating the
      same anti-Rh coated cells, could be further differentiated in hemagglutination
      inhibition (HAI) experiments using purified IgG3 myeloma proteins. Five selected
      agglutinating systems were inhibited by purified myeloma proteins of the IgG1,
      IgG2, and IgG4 subclasses. IgG3 proteins inhibited only two of the five HAI
      systems.

PMID- 373388
TI  - Prostaglandins and kidney function. An experimental study in the rabbit.

PMID- 373389
TI  - The ICD-9 classification of mental disorders. A review of its development and
      contents.

PMID- 373390
TI  - Barbital and diazepam plasma levels during treatment of delirium tremens.
AB  - Plasma concentrations of barbital and diazepam were measured daily during a
      double-blind study of the efficacy of the two drugs in the treatment of delirium
      tremens and less severe clinical states. Treatment was estimated as satisfactory
      in the majority of cases; the present study deals with the satisfactory groups
      only. Both in the barbital group and in the diazepam group the same plasma level
      was seen in different clinical states. This result is discussed in relation to
      the theories about the aetiology of delirium tremens, and it is concluded that
      the data fits best with the assumption that delirium tremens is released from a
      withdrawal state, but once established, the delirious state is not interrupted by
      the drugs. The barbital concentrations were rather high, many at a level where
      non-alcoholics would show pronounced intoxication symptoms not seen in the
      present material. The diazepam concentrations on the other hand were low, often
      below a level where a cerebral effect is measurable in normal subjects. On this
      basis it is concluded, that the two drugs have different modes of action.
      Barbital may act by its cross-dependence properties with alcohol and thus
      diminish the withdrawal reaction, whereas diazepam may act by its anti-anxiety
      effect, but not in the doses here applied, by cross-dependence properties with
      alcohol. Finally, this hypothesis is discussed in relation to clinical experience
      in the treatment of delirium tremens.

PMID- 373391
TI  - Single versus divided daily dosages of clomipramine. Plasma concentration and
      clinical effect.
AB  - Sixteen depressed patients have been treated with a daily dose of 150 mg
      clomipramine for 20 days. Every patient received the total dose at night for 10
      days and three times daily for 10 days according to a double-blind, cross-over
      design. No differences were noted between the two dose regimens, either regarding
      the clinical effect or the side effects. The plasma level ratio of parent drug to
      demethylated metabolite was higher on single than multiple doses.

PMID- 373392
TI  - Computer aided diagnosis of bone tumors.
AB  - Four radiologists, three of whom having no special expertise in bone tumor
      radiology, analysed 177 bone tumors. One of the radiologists, using a computer
      aided bone tumor program, performed significantly better than the other two at a
      comparable level of training and was able to compete successfully with the fourth
      radiologist experienced in bone diagnosis. The results validate the assumption
      that computer aided diagnostic programs may improve the diagnostic accuracy of
      radiologists having limited experience with the problem at hand.

PMID- 373393
TI  - Maintenance of potassium balance during diuretic therapy.
AB  - The relative efficacies of potassium chloride, amiloride, triamterene and
      spironolactone in maintaining potassium balance were studied in 40 patients with
      essential hypertension receiving diuretic therapy. The preparations were
      administered in random order in a cross-over manner. In 31 patients treated with
      50 mg hydrochlorothiazide daily, addition of 1500 mg potassium chloride daily was
      the weakest and 50 mg spironolactone daily the most effective agent for
      maintaining serum potassium. Amiloride (5 mg daily) and triamterene (75 mg daily)
      were less effective and equally so. Similar results were obtained with 9 patients
      treated with double dosages of the diuretic and supplements. Despite changes in
      serum potassium, total body potassium remained constant throughout the trial.

PMID- 373394
TI  - Immunoglobulin deposits in the dermo-epidermal junction zone. Nosographic
      occurrence in a number of medical diseases.

PMID- 373396
TI  - Haemodynamic parameters in hypertensive patients treated with a diuretic and with
      a diuretic in combination with a beta-blocker.

PMID- 373395
TI  - Hemodynamic and hormonal changes induced by noise.
AB  - Eighteen healthy male volunteers with normal hearing were exposed to industrial
      noise at different sound levels (75, 85 and 95 dB A) in a noise laboratory. Blood
      pressure, heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output were recorded with
      noninvasive techniques. Adrenaline and noradrenaline concentration in venous
      plasma were analyzed before and during noise exposure. The mean resting blood
      pressure of the whole group was 120/70 mm Hg. During noise stimulation diastolic
      blood pressure increased (12.2%, p less than 0.001) as did mean arterial pressure
      (6.6%, p less than 0.001) and total peripheral resistance (12.7%, p less than
      0.001). Stroke volume (7.3%, p less than 0.001) and cardiac output (5.0%, p less
      than 0.01) were both reduced at 95 dB A. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure
      did not change significantly. At 75 and 85 dB A there were similar but smaller
      changes in the hemodynamic parameters. There were no changes in adrenaline and
      noradrenaline in plasma during maximal noise exposure. The noise induced
      hemodynamic changes remained 5 minutes after the noise stimulation was stopped
      but had disappeared after 10 minutes of rest.

PMID- 373398
TI  - Ernest Gutmann (1910--1977).

PMID- 373397
TI  - A comparison between metroprolol, alprenolol and oxprenolol in the treatment of
      hypertension.

PMID- 373399
TI  - [List of academiciano].

PMID- 373400
TI  - Small isometric viruses of invertebrates.

PMID- 373401
TI  - The tobraviruses.

PMID- 373402
TI  - The origin of multicomponent small ribonucleoprotein viruses.

PMID- 373403
TI  - Renal autotransplantation.

PMID- 373404
TI  - Extracorporeal surgery for renal calculous disease.

PMID- 373405
TI  - An exploration of adolescent feminine and occupational behavior development.
AB  - Women in the United States have become more involved in the dual roles of
      homemaker and worker. This article traces briefly the development of the feminine
      role and occupational choice through a review of the literature; and stresses the
      need for occupational therapists who work with adolescents to be aware of such
      development. Three theoretical approaches to sex-role development are explored,
      and developmental aspects of occupational choice are examined. An assessment tool
      is included, and may be used to help identify areas of developmental lag and
      thereby aid in treatment planning.

PMID- 373406
TI  - Bedside management of acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 373407
TI  - Statistical support for or against transplantation.

PMID- 373408
TI  - Carotid sinus hypersensitivity--asystole and hypertension in the same patient.

PMID- 373409
TI  - Historical development of concept of blood circulation. An anniversary memorial
      essay to William Harvey.

PMID- 373410
TI  - More on coronary bypass surgery--I.

PMID- 373411
TI  - More on coronary bypass surgery--II.

PMID- 373412
TI  - More on coronary bypass surgery--III.

PMID- 373413
TI  - More on coronary bypass surgery--IV.

PMID- 373414
TI  - Influence of development on the number of calcitonin-containing cells in the
      mouse thyroid.
AB  - Calcitonin-containing cells in serial, 6-micrometer sections of the thyroid
      glands of Swiss Webster mice, at 1 day, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks of age, were
      demonstrated by an immunoperoxidase method, using antiserum to human calcitonin.
      C-cell nuclei were counted in every sixth section of both left and right lobes.
      The average number of C-cells counted in the thyroid glands of 8-week-old animals
      was 18-fold, 5.5-fold and 2.5-fold greater than the number observed in 1-day, 2
      week and 4-week-old animals, respectively. C-cell concentration was found to be
      greatest in 4-week-old mice. Mitoses of C-cells were observed in animals which
      were 1 day, 2 weeks and four weeks old. No mitotic figures were seen in 8-week
      old animals. A few C-cells were seen in close association with neurons. The
      volume of the thyroid glands of 8-week-old animals was about 14-, 4- and 3-fold
      greater than the volume in the 1-day-old, 2-week-old and 4-week-old mice,
      respectively. These changes in the C-cell population during development provide a
      model for the study of C-cell proliferation and storage of calcitonin.

PMID- 373415
TI  - Failure of oral L-histidine to influence appetite or affect zinc metabolism in
      man: a double-blind study.
AB  - L-Histidine, 4 g/day in gelatin capsules, was administered orally to eight normal
      volunteers for 2 weeks in a double-blind, balanced, crossover study with 2 weeks
      of placebo treatment. Body weight, serum and urinary zinc and histidine
      concentrations, as well as subjective ratings of appetite, taste and smell
      perception, and food intake were monitored. L-Histidine therapy had no
      significant effect on appetite, taste and smell perception, food intake, or body
      weight. Similarly, no effects were observed on total serum zinc, albumin-bound
      zinc or alpha 2-macroglobulin-bound zinc concentrations, or on urinary histidine
      excretion. Serum histidine concentrations increased with therapy. Urinary zinc
      excretion was increased significantly after 1 week, but not after 2 weeks of L
      histidine therapy. It can be concluded that oral L-histidine, at the dose used,
      has no value as an anorectic agent.

PMID- 373416
TI  - Nutritional regulation of somatomedin.

PMID- 373417
TI  - Validity of hematologic data in Veterans Administration Hospital laboratories. A
      Veterans Administration cooperative study.

PMID- 373418
TI  - Dientamoeba fragilis. An intestinal pathogen in children?
AB  - A retrospective study was conducted of 35 children in whom Dientamoeba fragilis
      was the only parasite found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Gastrointestinal
      symptoms were present in 32 (91%) of these children; diarrhea was the most common
      finding in patients with acute symptoms, whereas abdominal pain was more common
      in children with chronic symptoms. Peripheral eosinophilia was present in half of
      the children examined and was statistically more significant in patients with D
      fragilis than in a control group of children admitted for elective surgery.
      Therapy with diiodohydroxyquin or metronidazole was effective; children's
      symptoms were diminished or were eliminated on follow-up evaluation after
      treatment. From this association between therapy and symptomatic relief, D
      fragilis should be considered pathogenic in those children with GI symptoms.

PMID- 373420
TI  - Perirectal abscess in childhood. A review of 29 cases.
AB  - A total of 29 cases of perirectal abscess at Milwaukee Children's Hospital
      between 1965 and 1975 were retrospectively reviewed. One fourth of these children
      had a serious underlying chronic disease. Staphylococcus aureaus was the organism
      that grew most frequently from pus obtained from the abscesses, accounting for
      52% of the isolates. Therapy included incision and drainage alone and incision
      and drainage plus parenteral and/or oral antibiotic treatment. One patient, a
      child with leukemia, died of this infection. Complications, primarily fistulain
      ano or recurrent abscess, occurred in 42% of the survivors.

PMID- 373419
TI  - Reiter's disease in children.
AB  - Three Canadian Indian boys, aged 2, 14, and 15 years, with features of Reiter's
      disease (RD) had arthritis occur that was characterized by noticeable tenderness
      and large effusions. The two youngest also had conjunctivitis and urethritis and
      thus conformed to the classical triad of RD. The eldest had dysuria and a history
      suggesting keratoderma blennorrhagica. All had HLA-B27 antigen. Inclusions
      indicative of chlamydial infection were seen in assays from the two youngest
      boys. Previously documented cases of childhood RD have been reviewed. More
      flexible diagnostic criteria may be useful in identifying this class of
      seronegative arthritis in children.

PMID- 373422
TI  - Margaret Mead. First anthropologist of childhood and adolescence.

PMID- 373421
TI  - Growth factors.

PMID- 373423
TI  - Intestinal motility: current concepts.

PMID- 373424
TI  - Effect of gastrin on the exocrine pancreas. A review.
AB  - Studies in animals demonstrate a gastric hormonal phase of pancreatic exocrine
      secretion. Endogenous or exogenous gastrin causes a marked elevation in the
      pancreatic enzymes and a lesser increase in the pancreatic volume and
      bicarbonate. It is possible that these "gastrin" effects may be the basis of a
      "cephalic" phase of pancreatic secretion. These observations have been only
      partially confirmed in human subjects with and without the Zollinger-Ellison
      syndrome. The physiologic importance of these ecbolic actions as well as a
      possible trophic effect remains to be elucidated.

PMID- 373425
TI  - BCG treatment of Crohn's disease.
AB  - Among 53 patients with documented Crohn's disease, 30% manifested a defect in
      delayed hypersensitivity demonstrated by negative DNCB skin tests and significant
      (p less than 0.01) T-lymphocyte hyporeactivity. A double-blind controlled trial
      was conducted to evaluate oral Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy in nine of
      these patients with Crohn's disease and deficient cellular immunity. All patients
      had a Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) greater than 150 (at least moderate
      activity) upon randomization to BCG (five patients) or placebo (four patients)
      treatment for six to 12 months. No significicant differences between BCG and
      placebo treatment were found in the CDAI, laboratory tests and gastrointestinal
      roentgenograms. We conclude that the disturbance in cell-mediated immunity in
      patients with Crohn's disease probably is a manifestation of the disease rather
      than an etiological factor and that immunostimulation with oral BCG is not
      effective therapy.

PMID- 373426
TI  - Rapid nucleotide sequencing of DNA.

PMID- 373427
TI  - Sampling considerations in the gathering and analysis of pedigree data.
AB  - A general expression for the likelihood of a set of phenotypic observations on a
      randomly sampled pedigree, suitable for a wide variety of genetic models, has
      been previously modified to allow for independent ascertainments via probands. In
      this paper, further allowance is made for the fact that a pedigree usually
      contains some individuals who, whatever their phentoype, could never be probands,
      and we derive the limiting form of the likelihood appropriate for single
      ascertainment. The case when the sampling frame is ill-defined is discussed, and
      suggestions made for how to proceed in such a case.

PMID- 373428
TI  - In tribute: Donald E. Francke. Remarks at the memorial service.

PMID- 373429
TI  - In tribute: Donald E. Francke. Remembrances: family, friends, students and
      colleagues.

PMID- 373430
TI  - Biographical information: Donald E. Francke.

PMID- 373431
TI  - Donald E. Francke Medal lecture. The transition from apothecary to pharmacist in
      British hospitals.
AB  - The transition from hospital apothecaries to contemporary hospital pharmacists in
      Great Britain is reviewed, beginning with the monk-apothecaries associated with
      the monastic infirmaries as early as the 12th century. Briefly reviewed is the
      use of the title Apothecary, from about the mid-1500s to about the mid-1800s, at
      three Royal Hospitals--St. Thomas's Hospital, St. Bartholomew's Hospital and the
      Bethlehem Hospital. The responsibilities, pharmaceutical and otherwise, of
      persons who held this title over the years are discussed. Pharmaceutical duties
      were eventually entrusted to the dispenser (or, at St. Thomas's, the
      pharmaceutist) and then to the pharmacist. The history of hospital apothecaries
      is also traced at the voluntary hospitals, University College Hospital, and
      hospitals in Scotland, Wales and the British provinces. British hospital
      apothecaries changed from a pharmaceutical orientation to a medical orientation,
      but they retained control of hospital pharmacies for about 50 years after this
      change was sanctioned legally.

PMID- 373432
TI  - Reference aids for developing policies and procedures for intravenous admixture
      services.
AB  - A table of literature citations designed to help hospital pharmacists develop a
      policy and procedure manual for i.v. admixture services is presented. The table
      is categorized according to literature that will aid in developing policies and
      procedures for specific aspects of admixutre services (e.g., distribution
      procedures, quality assurance). The citations were selected from two periodicals
      (American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy and Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy)
      and three other publications.

PMID- 373433
TI  - Research on the red cell; a recipe for a long life.

PMID- 373434
TI  - Patient factors contributing to the emergence of gentamicin-resistant Serratia
      marcescens.
AB  - One hundred forty nosocomial Serratia marcescens infections (including 76 cases
      of bacteremia) were identified by prospective surveillance from 1975 through 1977
      and retrospective chart review from 1968 through 1974. Thirty-four cases (24 per
      cent) involved gentamicin-resistant strains. All gentamicin-resistant strains
      appeared after 1974. Ninety per cent of the patients had undergone surgery, and
      88 per cent had received prior antimicrobial therapy. The emergence of gentamicin
      resistant S. marcescens paralleled the increase in usage of gentamicin. Prior use
      of gentamicin for more than two days in an individual patient was a significant
      risk factor (P = 0.0002) for being infected with a Serratia that was gentamicin
      resistant. Other factors which separated gentamicin-resistant Serratia infections
      from gentamicin-sensitive Serratia infections were (1) urinary site of infection
      (P = 0.0005), (2) urinary catheter (P = 0.002), (3) endotracheal tube or
      tracheotomy (P = 0.03) and (4) increasing duration of hospitalization (P less
      than 0.05). Thirty-three of 34 (97 per cent) patients with gentamicin-resistant
      strains had urinary catheters. Specific measures to control infection were
      effective in decreasing the incidence of infections caused by gentamicin
      resistant Serratia.

PMID- 373435
TI  - Lead poisoning from a gunshot wound. Report of a case and review of the
      literature.
AB  - A man was hospitalized on three occasions for symptoms of lead intoxication 20 to
      25 years after a gunshot wound that resulted in retention of a lead bullet in his
      hip joint. The potential for lead toxicity as a complication of a lead missile
      injury appears to be related to (1) the surface area of lead exposed for
      dissolution, (2) the location of the lead projectile, and (3) the length of time
      during which body tissues are exposed to absorbable lead. Cases of lead poisoning
      of immediate onset resulting from lead shot have been reported in Europe, but all
      documented cases of ammunition-related plumbism reported in the United States
      have involved synovial fluid dissolution of a single lead bullet over many years.
      The solvent characteristics of synovial fluid and associated local arthritis are
      apparently important factors in the dissolution and absorption of lead from
      projectiles located in joints. Awareness that lead intoxication can be a
      complication of retained lead projectiles should allow rapid institution of
      appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic modalities when such a clinical situation
      arises.

PMID- 373436
TI  - Amyloid deposition in a renal allograft in a case of amyloidosis secondary to
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A case of amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis is presented in which
      renal transplantation was performed. Five years after transplantation the patient
      died following an episode of acute pancreatitis. During the intervening period
      the rheumatoid arthritis was considered quiescent, but his course was marked by
      several infectious processes caused by unusual organisms. The allograft function
      remained normal. Apart from renal amyloid the autopsy showed extensive
      generalized amyloidosis, most marked in vessel walls and endocrine organs.
      Amyloid deposits were located exclusively in the vessel walls of the transplanted
      kidney.

PMID- 373437
TI  - Finite resources and medical triage.

PMID- 373438
TI  - Identification of the high-risk asthmatic patient. Experience with 39 patients
      undergoing ventilation for status asthmaticus.
AB  - Thirty-nine asthmatic patients required mechanical ventilation (IPPV) for status
      asthamticus over a seven and a half year period. We reviewed their clinical
      records with particular emphasis on the events leading to intermittent positive
      pressure ventilation (IPPV) and the long-term courses of those patients who
      survived IPPV. Long delays by patients before seeking medical attention,
      incomplete assessment of acute attacks, underuse of corticosteroids prior to
      admission and overuse of sedation were important factors often influencing the
      necessity for IPPV. Four patients died during IPPV. Of the 35 who survived, 32
      were regularly followed in our Respiratory Clinic. Nine patients subsequently
      died, eight undoubtedly from asthma. Serial measurements of forced vital capacity
      (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were retrospectively
      analyzed to determine patterns of asthma. Of the 23 patients still alive, 14 have
      well controlled asthma, five have a pattern of persistent airflow obstruction,
      two have markedly labile asthma, and two have gradually deteriorating airflow
      obstruction. By contrast, seven patients who died sufficiently long after IPPV to
      enable categorization of their patterns showed either markedly labile asthma or
      gradually deteriorating airflow obstruction. None had relatively constant
      ventilatory function at either normal or suboptimal levels. We suggest that
      patterns of asthma are useful guides in detecting patients at high-risk. Patterns
      characterized by markedly labile asthma or gradually deteriorating airflow
      obstruction appear to be associated with an increased risk of sudden death from
      asthma.

PMID- 373439
TI  - Randomized trial of empiric antibiotic therapy with ticarcillin in combination
      with gentamicin, amikacin or netilmicin in febrile patients with granulocytopenia
      and cancer.
AB  - A randomized trial of ticarcillin plus gentamicin (group 1), ticarcillin plus
      amikacin (group 2) and ticarcillin plus netilmicin (group 3) as empiric
      antibiotic therapy in patients with granulocytopenia and cancer was carried out
      at the Baltimore Cancer Research Center. The response rate for all infections was
      97 per cent in group 1, 91 per cent in group 2 and 95 per cent in group 3.
      Patients with bacteremias showed improvement in 93 per cent (group 1), 78 per
      cent (group 2) and 82 per cent (group 3) of cases. All failures were among
      patients with gram-negative bacteremias. Both antibiotic susceptibility of the
      bacteremic organism and granulocyte recovery correlated with patient improvement.
      Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity were rare and were not significantly different in
      three groups of patients. Therefore, ticarcillin plus gentamicin, ticarcillin
      plus amikacin and ticarcillin plus netilmicin appear to be equally efficacious
      and minimally toxic in this patient population. Excellent over-all results can be
      expected with these combinations provided the etiologic agent is susceptible.

PMID- 373440
TI  - Microbiology problem.

PMID- 373441
TI  - Therapeutic touch: searching for evidence of physiological change.

PMID- 373442
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. On the mechanism of the expulsion of
      the placenta. James Matthews Duncan. Edinburgh Medical Journal, vol. 16 (part 1),
      pp. 899 to 903, 1871.

PMID- 373443
TI  - History of fetal monitoring.

PMID- 373444
TI  - Classic Pages in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Des maladies des femmes grosses, et
      accouchees: F. Mauriceau, 1668.

PMID- 373445
TI  - Immunodiagnosis in ovarian cancer: blocking factor activity.
AB  - Tumor immunology studies have been utilized for development of a blocking factor
      assay for therapy monitoring in ovarian cancer. The blocking factor index was
      defined as the arithmetic difference between assays conducted in the presence and
      absence of the patient's serum compared to incubations with normal control
      lymphocytes. Eighteen advanced ovarian epithelial malignancies have shown
      blocking factor activity during treatment. Blocking factor has abated in eight
      patients whose clinical disease completely regressed. Chemotherapy was
      discontinued after 18 to 24 months. In 10 patients, blocking factor persisted and
      chemotherapy has been continued. Some of these patients showed decreasing
      blocking factor; others have shown increases, which led to death due to
      disseminated disease in four cases. Blocking factor activity was found to
      correlate with tumor growth.

PMID- 373446
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. Normal ovariotomy--case. Robert
      Battey. Atlanta Medical and Surgical Journal, volume 10, pp. 321-329, 1872-1873.

PMID- 373447
TI  - Hydrostatic cervical dilator.

PMID- 373448
TI  - Transfer of bacterial infections by donor cornea in penetrating keratoplasty.
AB  - A 45-year-old man died of Hogdkin's disease complicated by peritonitis and
      possible septicemia. His corneas were used for transplant in a 26-year-old man
      with advanced keratoconus and a 42-year-old man with vascularized central leukoma
      of old herpetic keratitis. Both recipients developed a fulminating
      endophthalmitis with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We believe that the donor corneas,
      although clinically normal, were heavily infected, with signs of inflammation
      possibly suppressed by the Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 373449
TI  - Lack of blood group antigen A on human corneal endothelium.
AB  - Using direct immunofluorescence and mixed agglutination, we did not find blood
      group antigen A on human corneal endothelium from patients of blood type A or AB.
      The antigen was easily detected on the epithelium of these patients. We believe
      that the ABO blood group antigens are probably absent on human corneal
      endothelium, therefore they cannot play a direct role in specific corneal
      endothelial rejection.

PMID- 373450
TI  - Clinical comparison of dipivalyl epinephrine and epinephrine in the treatment of
      glaucoma.
AB  - Dipivalyl epinephrine, 0.1%, though slightly less effective in decreasing
      intraocular pressure, showed significantly fewer side effects than epinephrine
      hydrochloride, 2%. Seventeen patients with symmetrically increased intraocular
      pressures who completed a six-month double-masked crossover study showed a
      significant decrease in intraocular pressure averaging 23.7% for dipivalyl
      epinephrine over the entire study and 27.4% for epinephrine. In the first
      treatment period, dipivalyl epinephrine was slightly less effective than
      epinephrine. In the second treatment period, dipivalyl epinephrine was
      statistically less effective than epinephrine. Two of the original 25 patients
      were dropped from the study because of epinephrine allergy or intolerance, one
      had uncontrolled pressures with either drug, and five failed to maintain adequate
      follow-up. Complaints of side effects such as burning and irritation occurred
      much more frequently in eyes receiving epinephrine (24%) than dipivalyl
      epinephrine (3%). Mild mydriasis occurred with each drug, averaging +0.65 mm with
      dipivalyl epinephrine and +0.55 mm Hg with epinephrine. No effect on blood
      pressure or pulse rate was found for the two drugs.

PMID- 373451
TI  - Happy anniversary to the Archives.

PMID- 373452
TI  - Frank B. Walsh, M.D. 1895-1978.

PMID- 373453
TI  - Possible foreign body granuloma of the retina associated with intravenous cocaine
      addiction.
AB  - A 27-year-old man who was a heroin addict had light flashes in front of the right
      eye and a hemicentral scotoma immediately after intravenous cocaine. The initial
      ophthalmoscopic appearance was of a white foreign body lying over the
      papillomacular bundle of the retina in the right eye. This ophthalmoscopic
      finding was consistent with intraocular talc, cornstarch, or lactose, common
      diluting agents that are present in intravenous injections of heroin, cocaine, or
      methylphenidate hydrochloride, and are known to cause systemic embolic phenomena
      in chronic drug abusers. This glistening crystal on the surface of the retina
      changed and evolved into a noninfectious but inflammatory organization of retinal
      granuloma, in which the foreign body crystal could still be visualized at the
      apex of the lesion. The anterior and posterior segments of the eye remained free
      of inflammatory signs throughout the course of the organization of the retinal
      granuloma.

PMID- 373454
TI  - The visual status of diabetic patients after renal transplantation.
AB  - To determine the effect of renal transplantation on visual status, we studied 134
      eyes of 67 diabetic patients prospectively for one to seven years, with a mean of
      three years, after surgery. The best-corrected visual acuity and retinopathy
      status were determined at the time of surgery and annually thereafter. Useful
      visual acuity (greater than or equal to 6/15 [20/5o]) was present in 49% (66) of
      the eyes at the time of the baseline examination and in 51% (69) at the final
      determination. Of the 134 eyes 40% (54) were legally blind (less than or equal to
      6/60 [20/200]) before surgery. Sixty-eight percent (91) of the eyes showed no
      significant visual change during the period of follow-up, 15% (20) showed
      significant improvement, and 17% (23) deteriorated significantly after surgery.
      With regard to the retinovitreous findings, 13% (12) of the eyes had non
      proliferative retinopathy, 20% (26 had active proliferative retinopathy, and 67%
      (90) had inactive or involutional retinopathy. The results of this study showed
      stable or improved visual function in 83% (111) of the eyes after renal
      transplantation. Transplantation before dialysis becomes necessary may ben an
      important consideration in an attempt to reduce the high incidence of visual
      impairment in diabetic patients with renal failure.

PMID- 373455
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and optic atrophy.
AB  - A 49-year-old man developed ataxia, myoclonic jerks, cortical blindness, and
      dementia. In 3 1/2 months, he rapidly deteriorated and died. Clinical and autopsy
      diagnosis confirmed Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The eyes were examined and
      bilateral optic atrophy was noted. No other ocular changes were noted. Optic
      atrophy had not been noted before death.

PMID- 373456
TI  - An adjustable transposition procedure for abduction deficiences.
AB  - We used an adjustable transposition procedure in two cases of horizontal
      abduction deficiency (one of lateral rectus palsy and one of Duane syndrome with
      marked co-contraction). Primary position balanced alignment and maximum balanced
      rotations were obtained without inducing vertical deviation as the result of the
      transposition. The vertical force vectors were neutralized by the self-adjusting
      nature of the vertical rectus union. The procedure allowed for both
      intraoperative and postoperative adjustment of the result.

PMID- 373457
TI  - Split-level full-thickness eyelid graft.
AB  - A new method of surgical treatment for cicatricial eyelid retraction involves
      grafts placed in both the anterior and posterior lamellae of the upper eyelid,
      when there is a shortage of tissue in both layers, caused by previous surgical
      procedures. The anterior lamellar graft is of postauricular skin and the
      posterior graft is of buccal mucosa. The two grafts are placed at different
      levels in the eyelid so that each has a viable vascular bed. The procedure,
      called the split-level full-thickness eyelid graft, is not designed to correct
      problems involving only the eyelid retractors, such as retraction secondary to
      thyroid disease.

PMID- 373458
TI  - Pedicle skin flap to prevent corneal perforation.
AB  - A pedicle skin flap from the lower eyelid was passed through the lower eyelid
      into the lower fornix and sutured over the cornea in a 36-year-old man with
      impending perforation caused by lye burns. Perforation was avoided but occurred
      in the control eye.

PMID- 373459
TI  - Bertha A. Klien, M. D., 1898--1978.

PMID- 373460
TI  - Regulation of the immune response to tumor antigen.
AB  - Reduction of syngeneic tumor growth in primary tumor-bearing murine hosts has
      been accomplished using a variety of treatments designed to decrease endogenous
      suppressor cell activity or augment host effector responses. Selective
      interference with suppressor cell function can be achieved by in vivo
      administration of anti-thymocyte serums at critical times during the early stages
      of tumor development or by continuous treatment with antiserums directed to
      interact with I-J determinants on suppressor cells or suppressor factors. This
      later mode of therapy also results in a delay in tumor appearance when suboptimal
      doses of tumor are given. Preferential diminution of suppressor cell precursor
      activity has also been observed by pretreatment of tumor recipients with low
      doses of cyclophosphamide. Normal animals so treated are capable of adoptively
      transferring primarily helper-type activity to tumor-bearing recipients.
      Decreased tumor growth and prolonged host survival have also been achieved using
      BCG as a means of augmenting host effector potential. Thus, it is possible to
      inhibit tumor development in a murine model by modes of immunotherapy which may
      be relevant to the early treatment of certain human neoplasms.

PMID- 373461
TI  - Kinetics of prostaglandin production in various inflammatory lesions, measured in
      draining lymph.
AB  - Efferent lymph was collected over long periods via catheters surgically placed in
      popliteal and prefemoral lymph nodes of sheep. Prostaglandin (PG) E and F
      equivalents were measured with a radioimmunoassay. After stimulation with heat
      killed Escherichia coli, PG levels rose dramatically in the efferent lymph but
      were undetectable in the contralateral control lymphatics or in the systemic
      circulation. When E coli were infused directly into a lymph node, the PG levels
      in the effluent lymph were inhibited with indomethacin. Carrageenan, delayed
      hypersensitivity, and lymphocyte transfer reactions were also studied. In the
      classic acute inflammations (caused by E coli and carrageenan) the PG levels rose
      early in the response (first 4 to 6 hours) compared with delayed production in
      the immune reactions. With PPD, PG levels peaked between 10 and 20 hours after
      injections, while PG rose 127 hours after allogeneic lymphocytes were injected.
      These results are discussed in relation to the role of PG in inflammation, and
      the use of the sheep lymphatic model in PG research is emphasized.

PMID- 373463
TI  - Ian E. Alger, M.D., President, American Orthopsychiatric Association.

PMID- 373462
TI  - Fundamental issues in clinical chemistry.

PMID- 373464
TI  - Effect of synthetic C-terminal fragments of hGH on glucose oxidation by isolated
      islets.
AB  - The effect of polypeptides containing the human growth hormone sequence 177--191
      on the glucose metabolism of isolated islets of Langerhans has been investigated.
      It has been found that such peptides accelerate the incorporation of hydrogen at
      carbon atom 5 into water while accelerating the flux (1-14C oxidation) through
      the pentose phosphate shunt and inhibiting the oxidation of [6-14C]glucose. The
      latter inhibition was found not to be due to inhibition of the pyruvate
      dehydrogenase complex, and it was further found that the previously demonstrated
      potentiation of glucose-induced insulin release by the peptides was independent
      of energy provision because none of the glyceraldehyde, pyruvate, or leucine
      could substitute for glucose. In view of the fact that the insulinogogue effect
      of this peptide is to potentiate the glucose stimulatory effect on islets, these
      phenomena may well be unrelated.

PMID- 373465
TI  - Sensory functions of the liver--a review.
AB  - In this paper we critically review anatomic, electrophysiological, physiological,
      and behavioral evidence for neural receptors in the liver. Several lines of
      evidence suggest that the afferent innervation of the liver may be substantial,
      although few anatomic studies have directly addressed the question of an hepatic
      sensory supply. On the other hand, there is convincing functional evidence for a
      variety of hepatic sensory receptors. Hepatic osmo-, ion, and baroreceptors,
      sensitive to changes in the osmolarity and electrolyte concentrations in blood
      and to variations in portal venous pressure, modulate diuresis and natriuresis.
      Metabolic receptors, for which the adequate stimuli have not yet been specified,
      influence feeding behavior and gastric acid secretion in response to alterations
      in hepatic metabolism associated with changes in the supply of metabolic fuels.
      Directions for future research are suggested and general conclusions about the
      role of hepatic receptors in homeostasis are discussed.

PMID- 373466
TI  - Insulin secretion by isolated perfused rat and mouse pancreas.
AB  - A method for isolation and perfusion of a pancreas preparation consisting of
      pancreas, stomach, proximal duodenum, and spleen is described. Basic
      characteristics of regulation of insulin secretion from the perfused pancreas
      isolated from rats, albino mice, obese mice (ob/ob), and black mice were
      identical. Viability and stability of the pancreas preparation during perfusion
      were maintained as documented by measurements of oxygen consumption of the
      pancreas preparation, perfusion pressure, and pH of the perfusion medium. The
      insulin-secretory capacity of the pancreas of different animal species was
      compared. Insulin secretion by the perfused rat and obese (ob/ob) mouse pancreas
      was much more potent than that by the pancreas of lean albino and lean black
      mice. D-Glucose-induced insulin secretion from the pancreas was decreased after
      fasting of the animals and was dependent on glucose concentration and presence of
      calcium in the perfusion medium. D-Glyceraldehyde, tolbutamide, D-mannose,
      dihydroxyacetone, L-leucine, and L-arginine also induced insulin secretion from
      the pancreas. D-Fructose, D-galactose, L-glucose, 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, N
      acetylglucosamine, D-xylose, D,L-glyceric acid, pyruvate, L-lactate, and
      theophylline did not provoke insulin secretion.

PMID- 373467
TI  - Osmotic and nonosmotic control of vasopressin release.
AB  - While the existence of an osmotic control for vasopressin (AVP) release has been
      long recognized, development of a sensitive immunoassay has allowed for better
      understanding of factors affecting the threshold and sensitivity of AVP release.
      Individual variation, genetic, environmental, and species differences, and the
      nature of the solute providing the osmotic stimuli can significantly affect the
      release of the hormone by altering the threshold and/or the sensitivity of the
      osmoreceptor. In addition to the hypothalamic osmoreceptor, AVP secretion is also
      controlled by an anatomically separate pathway which is responsive to nonosmotic
      stimuli. It appears that both low-pressure (left atrial) and high-pressure
      (carotid and aortic) receptors via the parasympathetic pathways provide the major
      nonosmotic pathway for vasopressin release. Such pathways are activated in
      response to acute systemic hemodynamic changes, stress, and hypoxia. The precise
      interaction between osmotic and nonosmotic AVP release remains to be clarified. A
      model of osmotic and nonosmotic interactions, based on available
      electrophysiologic studies, is presented and its clinical implications are
      discussed.

PMID- 373468
TI  - Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure on ventricular function in dogs.
AB  - Artificial ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) reduces
      venous return by raising intrathoracic pressure. To determine whether PEEP
      decreases cardiac output further by depressing myocardial function, we
      constructed Starling curves, using rapid dextran infusion in 7 anesthetized dogs
      ventilated with zero (ZEEP) and 20 cm PEEP. The changes in stroke volume and in
      left ventricular stroke work (LVSW) when PEEP was added or removed were
      significantly greater than could be attributed to the corresponding change in
      transmural left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDPTM) on these Starling
      curves. To the extent that PEEP did not alter left ventricular diastolic volume
      pressure characteristics, these data indicated PEEP depressed ventricular
      function. Identical changes with PEEP in cardiac output (-30%), esophageal
      pressure (+10 cmH2O), and left ventricular function were observed after pulmonary
      edema was induced with oleic acid. These results confirm and extend recent
      suggestions that high levels of PEEP depress left ventricular function in dogs,
      accounting for about half of the reduction in cardiac output before and during
      acute pulmonary edema.

PMID- 373469
TI  - Anxiety and serum prolactin.

PMID- 373470
TI  - Effect of temperature and clofibrate on Plasmodium berghei infection in mice.
AB  - Parasitemia counts established that 22 degrees C-acclimated mice subjected to
      cold exposure for a short time (-35 degrees C for 30 min) during Plasmodium
      berghei infection had significantly higher parasitemia levels than parasitized
      mice continuously housed at 22 degrees C. Parasitized 5 degrees C-acclimated mice
      also demonstrated higher parasitemia levels than parasitized 22 degrees C
      acclimated mice. There was no correlation between plasma free fatty acid (PFFA)
      concentration and parasitemia in mice infected with P. berghei. The effect of
      clofibrate (an agent known to reduce PFFA levels in rats) in reducing PFFA levels
      in mice was inconclusive. However, the P. berghei-infected mice treated with
      clofibrate demonstrated significantly lower parasitemia when compared to
      parasitized mice that were not treated with clofibrate.

PMID- 373471
TI  - Host defenses in murine malaria: successful vaccination of mice against
      Plasmodium berghei by using formolized blood parasites.
AB  - Infections of normal ICR mice with the NYU-2 strain of Plasmodium berghei (Pb)
      are uniformly fatal. However, a proportion of mice that have been vaccinated with
      a formalin-killed antigen prepared from the blood stages of Pb survive an
      otherwise lethal challenge. Such immunity is not induced by immunization with
      normal mouse erythrocytes. The level of acquired anti-malarial immunity is
      related to the size and number of doses of antigen, and intravenous injection is
      superior to the subcutaneous route of vaccination. The addition of the adjuvants
      BCG and Corynebacterium parvum to the immunizing regimen improved the level of
      protection to a variable extent, depending on the batch of plasmodial antigen
      with which they were used. The adjuvants were most efficacious when used with
      batches of antigen which were poorly protective when used alone. These adjuvants
      were found never to protect ICR mice against Pb unless used in combination with
      specific antigen.

PMID- 373472
TI  - Longevity of Wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica and mosquito infection acquired
      from a patient with low level parasitemia.
AB  - Two cases are reported which illustrate important epidemiological aspects of
      lymphatic filariasis--prolonged longevity of the adult parasite and the
      possibility of transmission by individuals with ultra-low level microfilaremia.
      These cases demonstrate that people can remain carriers of microfilariae in the
      peripheral blood for many years without reinfection, and even those with a low
      level microfilaremia can constitute a significant reservoir of mosquito
      infection. Such cases represent one of the most serious obstacles to the
      eradication of lymphatic filariasis in regions where control is based on
      chemotherapy.

PMID- 373473
TI  - Basic concepts in the development of cardiovascular prostheses.

PMID- 373474
TI  - Diabetic management by insulin infusion during major surgery.
AB  - In five insulin-requiring, uremic diabetic patients undergoing renal
      transplantation, we infused insulin intravenously at a low rate to maintain
      plasma glucose levels between 100 and 200 mg/100 ml. In those patients receiving
      100 mg or more of prednisone per day and 5 per cent dextrose solution, the hourly
      infusion rate was determined from tthe following equation: insulin (U) = plasma
      glucose value divided by 100. When prednisone was not given or when the patient
      was thin, the ratio became: plasma glucose value divided by 150. Results were
      compared with those of nineteen similar transplant patients treated with
      conventional subcutaneous insulin therapy during surgery, and significantly
      better glucose control was achieved with the low dosage, intravenous infusion.

PMID- 373476
TI  - The influence of donor age on graft survival.
AB  - Recent papers report differing conclusions concerning use of kidneys from
      different donor age groups. We analyzed graft survival of 652 consecutive cadaver
      kidney donor-recipient pairs. Overall cumulative graft survival was 45 per cent
      at two years post transplantation. Kidneys from donors aged less that fifteen,
      sixteen to thirty. thirty-one to forty-five, and forty-six to sixty years had a
      cumulative graft survival of 51, 44, 39, and 40 percent, respectively. The
      difference is not statistically significant. When both donor and recipient ages
      are controlled, the pediatric aged kidney may be superior in the pediatric
      recipient or the older normotensive adult recipient. Use of properly selected
      cadaver kidneys in patients of all age ranges is encouraged.

PMID- 373475
TI  - Comparison of Marlex mesh and microporous teflon sheets when used for hernia
      repair in the experimental animal.
AB  - A new prosthetic material, microporous expanded Teflon (PTFE) was compared with
      Marlex mesh in the experimental animal. Triangular pieces of each material were
      placed beneath the transversalis fascia in the right and left groins of seven
      white New Zealand rabbits (mean weight, 8 kg). The animals were sacrificed are
      two week intervals. PTFE was found to retain its position and shape without local
      or peritoneal reaction. By contrast, Marlex mesh showed marked inflammatory
      reaction and scarring with complete distortion of the graft. Microscopically,
      PTFE was completely invaded by fibroblast at eight weeks, with flat orientation
      of graft to the fibrous tissue forming a "neofascia". In contrast, Marlex mesh
      lacked fibroblastic incorporation of the graft with marked scarring and
      distortion. These findings suggest that PTFE could be a useful fascial buttress
      in inguinal hernia repair where Marlex mesh is now used.

PMID- 373477
TI  - Theodor Billroth's formative years (1829-1894). A study in memory of the
      subject's 150th birthday.

PMID- 373478
TI  - The management of inadvertent subcutaneous adriamycin infiltration.
AB  - Once the inadvertent infiltration of Adriamycin occurs, it is recommended to
      immediately treat the problem. This has been accomplished by wide excision and
      meshed split thickness skin grafting for resurfacing of the defect. Obtaining a
      healed wound alleviates the stiffness from lack of motion or ruptured tendons.
      Pain from the open ulcer, which is prone to infection in the immunosuppressed
      patient, is lessened. An analogy between pit viper envenomization and Adriamycin
      infiltration is discussed.

PMID- 373479
TI  - Suture technic to provide hemostasis after liver wedge biopsy.
AB  - A surgical technic for liver wedge biopsy is described. Vertical mattress sutures
      are placed to outline a triangular mass of liver with its apes 2 to 3 cm from the
      liver edge and its based formed by the edge. The suture is tied tightly until the
      mass blanches, and the biopsy is made within the mass. No additional suturing or
      hemostatic agents are needed.

PMID- 373480
TI  - [Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of microflora of the genital tract
      of parturients with complicated postnatal period].

PMID- 373481
TI  - [Therapy of the disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome in obstetrical
      practice].

PMID- 373483
TI  - [In memoriam Leonid Semenovich Persianinov].

PMID- 373482
TI  - [Creative activities of I.P. Lazarevich (on the 150th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 373485
TI  - [K.N. Zhmakin (on his 85th birthday)].

PMID- 373484
TI  - [State of health and the subsequent development of infants born of women who have
      had a threatened abortion].

PMID- 373486
TI  - [Effect of oxytocin on the arterial blood pressure and heart rate during cesarean
      section].

PMID- 373487
TI  - [Potentials of x-ray methods of precise clinical diagnosis of fetal maturity].

PMID- 373488
TI  - [Use of pethidine and diazepam in the anesthesia of labor].

PMID- 373489
TI  - The intraocular pressure responses of low-dose bupranolol (Ophtorenin) and
      methazolamide (Neptazane) in glaucomatous eyes. A controlled clinical study.
AB  - In a single-dose, double-blind study, the minimum effective doses of bupranolol
      and methazolamide were established. The beta-blocker bupranolol (Ophtorenin, Dr.
      Winzer, Konstanz) in an oily solution reduced IOP significantly in a
      concentration of 0.05%. The carboanhydrase inhibitor Methazolamide (Neptazane)
      did not change IOP in a peroral dose of 50 mg, while 100 mg p.o. gave a
      significant IOP decrease. Both drugs exhibited an additive effect in this low
      regimen. It is concluded that the combined application of both drugs will
      postpone or avoid side effects and prolong the time and the field of clinical
      usefulness. It appears possible that both have a different mechanism of action.

PMID- 373490
TI  - [A simple complete CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure)-unit for the
      treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in newborn infants].

PMID- 373491
TI  - [Evaluation of current aminoglycoside antibiotics].

PMID- 373492
TI  - [Change of intracranial pressure in neurosurgical patients by hyperventilation,
      positive negative pressure ventilation and PEEP (author's transl)].
AB  - The effects of a hyperventilation, positive negative pressure ventilation (PNPV)
      and ventilation using positive endexpiratory pressure (PEEP), on intracranial
      pressure (ICP) was measured in 24 patients suffering from different neurosurgical
      disorders. The patients were given a basic anaesthesia including muscle
      relaxation. The investigations showed, that hyperventilation, followed by a PCO2
      of 26 and 30 torr, clearly lowered the intracranial pressure. The pressure drop
      was much more pronounced when the preexisting ICP was high than when it was low,
      due to the form of the compliance curve of the brain. PNPV also lowered
      intracranial pressure, but a harmful effect of this technique on lung function
      and structure is known. Its use is justified only for short periods and in
      addition to other measures for lowering ICP. The results also demonstrated that
      PNPV possesses limited beneficial properties with regard to the subject discussed
      here. Ventilation by PEEP significantly increased ICP. This technique is to be
      employed with caution in neurosurgery. Arterial pressure (radial artery) and
      central venous pressure (subclavian vein) were also recorded.

PMID- 373493
TI  - [The influence of dopamine of kidney function during continuous positive-pressure
      ventilation (PEEP) (author's transl)].
AB  - In a group of 20 patients the influence of continuous positive-pressure
      Ventilation (PEEP) on cardiac output, kidney function and renal and intrarenal
      hemodynamics was investigated. During ventilation with PEEP 10 ccm H2O a
      reduction of cardiac output, glomerular filtrationrate, sodium excretion and
      urinary output was observed. Renal blood flow, especially the cortical fraction,
      also decreased. Dopamine infusion, in a dose of 4 ng.kg-1.min-1, during
      continuous PEEP-ventilation, induced an increase of cardiac output, glomerular
      filtrationrate, renal sodium excretion and diuresis. The decreased renal cortical
      perfusion particularly was improved by Dopamine application.

PMID- 373494
TI  - [Arterio-tracheal fistula during long-term intubation of an awake patient. Case
      report (author's transl)].
AB  - Because of anterior softening of the trachea due to thyroid swelling a patient
      was intubated with a "Lanz-" endotracheal tube with low-pressure cuff after
      thyroidectomy. The awake, eating patient developed severe endotracheal
      haemorrhage during the 17 days of intubation. Thoracotomy revealed a 2 cm long
      horizontal rupture probably at the site of the tube tip at the anterior wall of
      the trachea. The opening was connected to a rupture of the right brachiocephalic
      trunk at its bifurcation. Interpositions of dacron prostheses between the trunk,
      the subclavian artery and the carotid artery and suture of the tracheal wall
      controlled the situation. However, the patient died from acute hepatic failure,
      as shown at post-mortem examination. This case report is a warning against long
      term intubation of awake patients, as sometimes recommanded.

PMID- 373495
TI  - ["A simple, universally usable I.M.V. system"].

PMID- 373496
TI  - [A simple self prepared IMV system using original parts of Bird including
      alternative ventilation under CPAP and PEEP (author's transl)].
AB  - A simple self prepared IMV system (intermittant mandatory ventilation system) is
      described. Only original parts of Bird are used. The system is in fact a
      combination of the original Bird-PEEP-system with the CPAP-system described by us
      [1]. The function, mounting and working of the IMV system is described. With this
      combined system it is now possible to apply different forms of assisted or
      nonassisted ventilation (CPAP, PEEP, IMV) utilizing the same system making by
      minor modifications. The FIO2 can be exactly regulated. It is possible to pass
      continuously from totally controlled ventilation to full spontaneous breathing
      with or without CPAP. Since original parts of Bird-gears are used in many
      intensive care units, new developments in artificial ventilation such as IMV can
      be realized without great expenses. The functioning of this system is
      demonstrated by several cases including the documentation of recorded changes of
      arterial oxigenation.

PMID- 373497
TI  - Large-scale preparation of phosphoglycerate kinase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      using Cibacron Blue-Sepharose 4B pseudoaffinity chromatography.

PMID- 373498
TI  - On knowing your own history.

PMID- 373500
TI  - An inexpensive portable positive end-expiratory pressure system.

PMID- 373499
TI  - Anesthesia and the development of surgery (1846-1896).
AB  - The hypothesis that the introduction of anesthesia in 1846 accelerated the
      development of surgery was tested by compiling statistics on the types of
      operations performed in this country and abroad in the absence of anesthesia
      (prior to 1846) and over the 50-year period after 1846. Prior to 1846, surgery
      involved the extremities and superficial parts of the body almost exclusively.
      The same was generally true for 50 years following 1846. The introduction of
      anesthesia was necessary before surgery could advance, but control of infection,
      establishment of the sciences of pathology and physiology, and development of
      professionalism in clinical medicine and surgery based on research and teaching
      were also required. Almost a half-century lapsed after the introduction of
      anesthesia before surgery advanced significantly beyond the stage it was at prior
      to the introduction of anesthesia in 1846.

PMID- 373501
TI  - Stopcock contamination.

PMID- 373502
TI  - Stridor in pediatric patients.
AB  - We have presented a classification scheme to help in evaluating the diagnosis of
      stridor in the pediatric patient. The correct diagnosis can usually be arrived at
      on the basis of a careful and complete history, physical examination, appropriate
      radiographic studies and bronchoscopy. The anesthesiologist should be aware of
      the problems associated with all these conditions. In every instance prompt
      establishment of an adequate airway is imperative.

PMID- 373504
TI  - PEEP for the morbidly obese.

PMID- 373505
TI  - PEEP and grossly obese anesthetized patients.

PMID- 373506
TI  - Ventilatory support and pulmonary barotrauma.

PMID- 373503
TI  - Pain relief by intrathecally applied morphine in man.

PMID- 373507
TI  - The incidence of ventilator-induced pulmonary barotrauma in critically ill
      patients.

PMID- 373508
TI  - [Spontaneous respiration with constant positive pressure in the respiratory
      passages as a method of correcting respiratory insufficiency in children].

PMID- 373509
TI  - The American Dental Society of Anesthesiology: 1953-1978.

PMID- 373510
TI  - The limits of excellence: what one man can do. First annual Niels Bjorn Jorgensen
      Memorial Lecture.

PMID- 373511
TI  - Bupivacaine: a review.
AB  - A review of current significant literature concerning bupivacaine hydrochloride
      (Marcaine) is presented with particular emphasis on clinical use in oral surgery.
      The major advantages compared with other presently used local anesthetics are an
      increased duration of action and a favorable potency to toxicity ratio.

PMID- 373512
TI  - The prevention of potential hypoglycemia as a sequela of sedation with ethanol.

PMID- 373513
TI  - Pathogenesis of essential hypertension. Role of the postcapillary segment of the
      circulation.

PMID- 373514
TI  - Ischemic myelopathy.
AB  - Ischemic myelopathy and Angiology of the Spinal Cord have recently drawn the
      attention of both paraplegists and angiologists, and their details are now fairly
      well known. Ischemic myelopathies increased with the rise of vascular surgery,
      but the means of prevention have been carefully studied and the incidence is now
      decreasing. Twenty-five hundred cases of cord injury have been reviewed, and
      among 92 nontraumatic cases, 16 ischemic myelopathies have been tabulated. The
      anatomy and physiology of the spinal cord circulation have been described.

PMID- 373515
TI  - Decreased venous distensibility in essential hypertension: lack of systemic
      hemodynamic correlates.
AB  - Venous distensibility in essential hypertension has been reported to be unchanged
      or decreased; its pathophysiologic role is uncertain. In 27 male hypertensive
      patients and 21 normotensive control subjects, forearm venous distensibility and
      capillary filtration rate at 30 cm of H2O distending pressure were measured by
      strain gauge plethysmography. Plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma volume (PV) by
      the Evans blue dye dilution technique, mean arterial pressure (MAP) by cuff, and
      cardiac output (CO) by the CO2 rebreathing method were also measured. Compared to
      values in normotensive control subjects, forearm venous distensibility in
      hypertensive subjects was decreased (P less than 0.05); the forearm venous
      pressure-volume curves (deflation phase) were shifted in the direction of the
      pressure axis (P less than 0.02); and the capillary filtration rate was increased
      (P less than 0.05). Venous distensibility changes in hypertensive subjects were
      unrelated to PRA, MAP, PV, CO, stroke volume, and total peripheral resistance.
      These findings confirm previous reports of decreased venous distensibility in
      hypertension and provide direct evidence for increased capillary filtration rate.
      In view of the lack of significant correlation between venous distensibility and
      the measured hemodynamic parameters, a patho-physiologic role for venous
      distensibility in hypertension could not be established.

PMID- 373516
TI  - Recent immunologic findings relating food allergy to atopic dermatitis.

PMID- 373517
TI  - The value of atropine in the documentation of reversible airways obstruction.
AB  - Thirteen randomly selected outpatient asthmatics were treated with nebulized
      atropine sulfate, isoproterenol and the combination of these drugs in a
      randomized double-blind trial. Sequential pulmonary function parameters,
      cardiovascular changes and side effects were monitored over a 60-minute period
      following drug administration. Both atropine and isoproterenol produced
      significant and equivalent improvement in mean forced expiratory flow rates; the
      combination of drugs produced significantly greater improvement at each time
      interval without producing significant cardiovascular changes or side effects.
      Four patients failed to show clinically significant increases in expiratory flow
      rates following  isoproterenol alone; two of these four improved following
      atropine alone,  while two improved only when given the combination of drugs. The
      addition of an anti-cholinergic agent may provide a more precise assessment of
      reversibility of obstructive airways disease in the individual patient.

PMID- 373519
TI  - Carl Douglas Marsh:  April 16, 1900 - December 17, 1978.

PMID- 373518
TI  - Moniliasis and anergy in hypoparathyroidism: treatment with transfer factor.

PMID- 373520
TI  - [Anti-Candida albicans IgM antibody: correlation between immunofluorescence and
      ultracentrifugation (author's transl)].
AB  - The indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) technique for specific IgM anti-Candida
      albicans was applied to 158 sera and compared with sucrose density gradient
      centrifugation. For detection of specific IgM results of both methods were in
      agreement for 157 sera (99.36%). Specific IgM titers determined with IFA on
      unfractionated sera followed those found on fractionated sera. The results show
      that specific IgM anti-C. albicans can be identified and titrated by the
      immunofluorescent technique.

PMID- 373521
TI  - [Ortho-tolidine: a more sensitive detector of peroxidase in the ELISA
      immunoenzyme method].

PMID- 373522
TI  - Humoral and cell-mediated immune competence of high-cancer-risk canine breeds.

PMID- 373523
TI  - Procedure for processing of central nervous system tissue for immunofluorescence,
      light, and electron microscopic evaluation.
AB  - A rapid and simple procedure has been developed for the simultaneous localization
      of viral antigen in central nervous system tissues by immunofluorescnece and
      concomitant correlation with viral induced lesions in the contralateral brain
      hemisphere. In this study, one-half of the brain was excised from the dog under
      deep general anesthesia and samples were collected for immunofluorescence by snap
      freezing in liquid nitrogen. The other half of the brain was perfused under
      pressure with a buffered glutaraldehyde-paraformaldehyde mixture for subsequent
      light microscopic and ultrastructural evaluation. The technique was useful in
      studying central nervous system diseases in large outbred experimental subjects
      in which economic and other considerations developed for tissue processing in
      rodents was not feasible.

PMID- 373524
TI  - New ways of strabismus treatment with the Faden operation.

PMID- 373525
TI  - Adjustable sutures for horizontal and vertical strabismus.

PMID- 373526
TI  - In memoriam Frank Duncan Costenbader.

PMID- 373527
TI  - The use of adjustable suture procedures in strabismus surgery.

PMID- 373528
TI  - History of the American Thoracic Society. Part i. The American Sanatorium
      Association.

PMID- 373529
TI  - Preoperative evaluation of pulmonary function. Validity, indications, and
      benefits.

PMID- 373530
TI  - Transfusion therapy in trauma: a review of the principles and techniques used in
      the MIEMS program.

PMID- 373531
TI  - Alcohol and roadway trauma: problems of diagnosis and management.

PMID- 373532
TI  - The preventive use of PEEP in major trauma.

PMID- 373534
TI  - Management of compound tibial fractures using external fixation.

PMID- 373533
TI  - Management of lung contusion.
AB  - One hundred and thirty-two consecutive patients with lung contusion were admitted
      during the three-year period of 1972 through 1974. All were treated with early
      intubation and mechanical ventilation with positive and-expiratory pressure with
      the postulate that such management would minimize the progression of interstitial
      edema, and intra-alveolar hemorrhage. If progressive increase in the
      alveolar/arterial oxygen tension gradient was not observed over the ensuing 24
      hours, and in the absence of other non-thoracic indications of continuance of
      mechanical ventilation, patients were extubated and removed from the ventilator.
      All other patients were further ventilated and followed by daily chest
      roentgenograms and blood gas studies. Mean ventilation time was 6.2 days.
      Progressive hypoxemia and deterioration of pulmonary function were not seen. The
      incidence of pneumonia and tension pneumothorax was low. Overall mortality was
      10.6 per cent. The most common cause of death was brain death. No deaths were the
      result of hypoxemia.

PMID- 373536
TI  - [The kinetoplast of Trypanosoma cruzi during cell differentiation (proceedings)].

PMID- 373535
TI  - Reconstruction of traumatic defects utilizing arterialized cutaneous, muscle,
      myocutaneous and free flaps.

PMID- 373537
TI  - Selective inhibition of k-DNA synthesis of Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania
      tarentolae by berenil and ethidium bromide [proceedings].

PMID- 373538
TI  - [Phospholipid metabolism in T. cruzi (proceedings)].

PMID- 373539
TI  - Drugs inducing generation of free radicals in Trypanosoma cruzi [proceedings].

PMID- 373540
TI  - [Changes in the T. cruzi membrane induced by immune serum. I. Phospholipid
      metabolism (proceedings)].

PMID- 373541
TI  - [Characterization of sub-cellular fractions of Trypanosomatidae (proceedings)].

PMID- 373542
TI  - The Philadelphia epidemic of Legionnaire's disease: clinical, pulmonary, and
      serologic findings two years later.
AB  - Clinical, pulmonary, and serologic findings in Legionnaires who attended the 1976
      American Legion Convention in Philadelphia were studied 2 years after the
      Legionnaires' disease epidemic there. All 31 survivors of Legionnaires' disease
      studied became ill within 2 weeks after the convention, and 18 had not fully
      recovered 2 years after the epidemic. Twenty-five (28%) of 90 additional
      Legionnaires exposed at the convention but not diagnosed as having Legionnaires'
      disease became ill during the same time interval; five of these had symptoms
      during the next 2 years. Survivors had decreased diffusion capacities measured by
      the carbon monoxide single-breath method. These differences could not be
      accounted for by ventilation abnormalities or concurrent illness. Significant
      levels of IgG or IgM antibodies persisted in 94% of survivors of Legionnaires'
      disease and in 53% of Legionnaires exposed at the convention, which suggests a
      high prevalence of subclinical infection. Persistence of IgM antibody raises the
      question of latency or subclinical infection as part of the natural history of
      Legionnaires' disease.

PMID- 373543
TI  - The compromised host and Legionnaires' disease.
AB  - Pneumonia caused by Legionnaires' disease bacterium was recognized in eight
      patients during a 7-month period. The patients were immunosuppressed by their
      underlying illness, corticosteroid therapy, and other exogenous immunosuppressive
      agents. Five of the patients had received immunosuppressive therapy for less than
      16 days. Clinical presentation was similar to that of other bacterial pneumonias
      in compromised patients. Legionnaires' disease progressed to necrotizing
      pneumonia with abscess formation and respiratory failure in two patients.
      Diagnosis was made by [1] culture of lung tissue and bronchial washings; [2]
      direct fluorescent antibody staining of lung tissue, sputum, and bronchial
      washings; and [3] serologic evidence of infection. Therapy with oral erythromycin
      was ineffective. Intravenous erythromycin was given to six patients, with a good
      response. However, two patients showed further clinical improvement after
      rifampin was added. Because this illness may be more severe in compromised hosts,
      open lung biopsy and special microbiologic tests should be done when
      Legionnaires' disease is suspected.

PMID- 373544
TI  - Legionnaires' disease in patients with associated serious disease.
AB  - Of nine patients with Legionnaires' disease, seven were receiving
      corticosteroids, and all nine had serious underlying diseases. Direct
      immunofluorescent examination of respiratory secretions, including sputum and
      transtracheal aspirates, showed the Legionnaires' disease (LD) bacterium in five
      of seven patients who seroconverted and in a sixth patient with a single elevated
      titer to the LD bacterium. All nine patients received erythromycin therapy, and
      five survived. Two patients showed persistence of their infection after receiving
      2 weeks of erythromycin therapy, and two patients developed pulmonary abscesses.
      These cases of Legionnaires' disease show the occurrence of pulmonary abscesses,
      the possibility of relapse after giving only 2 weeks of erythromycin therapy, and
      the utility of direct immunofluorescence for early diagnosis.

PMID- 373545
TI  - Autopsy diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease in immunosuppressed patients. A
      paleodiagnosis using Giemsa stain (Wohlbach modification).
AB  - A diffuse pneumonia characterized by short Giemsa-stained, gram-negative rods
      that were not cultured was diagnosed at autopsy in the fall of 1975 in three
      immunosuppressed patients who had had renal transplants. An acute fibrinous
      exudate was found, with macrophages, neutrophils, and numerous short bacilli in
      each inflamed alveolus as shown by Giemsa's stain (Wohlbach modification).
      Transplantation was stopped for 1 month. The institutional infection control
      committee discussed the cases, and increased observation. After the Legionnaires'
      disease agent was identified in 1977, the bacteria were stained by Dieterle's
      method and identified as Legionnaires' disease bacteria by direct fluorescent
      antibody test. No further cases have been identified in the succeeding 62 renal
      transplantations at this medical center. Although Wohlbach's modification of
      Giemsa has given consistently good staining of the Legionnaires' disease
      bacterium in our cases, unclarified factors may interfere with good staining, and
      the May-Grunwald Giemsa stain was unsatisfactory.

PMID- 373546
TI  - Nosocomial Legionnaires' disease in Columbus, Ohio.
AB  - Three patients with severe pneumonia at a community hospital in Columbus, Ohio,
      were found to have Legionnaires' disease in late August 1977. A subsequent
      serologic survey of patients with pneumonia at this hospital identified three
      additional cases. Among patients with pneumonia, hospital exposure in the 2 weeks
      before onset of illness was significantly associated with Legionnaires' disease
      (P = 0.003). Serosurveys of hospital employees with a recent history of upper
      respiratory illness, healthy employees, and workers at the hospital construction
      site showed that one of 101, one of 107, and none of 114, respectively, has a
      single reciprocal titer of greater than or equal to 256 to the Legionnaires'
      disease (LD) bacterium. Serosurveys of patients with pneumonia at three control
      hospitals identified five additional patients with Legionnaires' disease, three
      of them with pneumonia that was apparently hospital acquired in a single renal
      transplant unit. A fourth patient from that unit without clinical illness had a
      fourfold rise in titer to LD bacterium.

PMID- 373547
TI  - Nosocomial Legionnaires' disease: a continuing common-source epidemic at
      Wadsworth Medical Center.
AB  - Forty-nine cases of Legionnaires' disease were identified from May 1977 through
      July 1978 in patients and employees at Wadsworth Medical Center. Cases clustered
      in October and November 1977. Fifteen patients died. All Legionnaires' disease
      (LD) patients were in the hospital before onset of illness (median time from
      admission to onset, 17 days; range, 3 to 276 days). Twenty patients were
      immunosuppressed or compromised by malignancy. In 1977, six of 12 renal-homograft
      recipients acquired LD pneumonia in contrast to three of 22 during the preceding
      3 years (P = 0.031, Fisher's exact test). In a prospective survey of 1658
      consecutive hospital admissions, seven cases of Legionnaires' diseases occurred
      (0.4%), including six among 14 patients who seroconverted to the LD bacterium.
      Prevalence of a reciprocal titer of 128 or above in Wadsworth employees was
      significantly greater than in a nearby control population (P = 0.044, Fisher's
      exact test). Exposure to the external hospital environment may be an important
      factor, and soil may be a reservoir for the LD bacterium. Legionnaires' disease
      at Wadsworth may be a nosocomial pneumonia affecting a small group of patients
      with particular risk factors.

PMID- 373549
TI  - Isolation of the Legionnaires' disease bacterium from environmental samples.
AB  - We analyzed 24 environmental samples collected in or near the Indiana Memorial
      Union, where an epidemic of Legionnaires' disease occurred in early 1978. We
      conducted fluorescent antibody analyses and culture on F-G and charcoal yeast
      extract agars of each sample directly; splenic tissue of guinea pigs inoculated
      with the sample; and yolk sacs from embryonated eggs inoculated with splenic
      tissue of guinea pigs injected with the sample. Legionnaires' disease (LD)
      bacterium was isolated from seven of the 24 samples: one water sample from the
      air-conditioner cooling tower of the Union; three water samples from a stream
      near the Union; and three mud samples from the same stream. The LD bacterium
      strains were of three different serotypes. These findings indicate that LD
      bacteria may be widespread in nature.

PMID- 373550
TI  - Pathologic findings in guinea pigs inoculated intraperitoneally with the
      Legionnaires' disease bacterium.
AB  - Tissues from guinea pigs inoculated intraperitoneally with the Legionnaires'
      disease (LD) bacterium were studied with light, immunofluorescent, and electron
      microscopy. The principal gross lesion was diffuse peritonitis of varying
      severity. Microscopically, the peritonitis of covered by a mixed inflammatory
      infiltrate of macrophages, neutrophils, fibrin, and cellular debris. Foci of
      inflammation and necrosis were consistently observed in the splenic parenchyma,
      and similar lesions were often found in the lungs, liver, lymph nodes, pancreas,
      heart, and other organs. Numerous LD bacteria were seen in the peritoneal
      exudate; fewer were found in disseminated lesions. In electron micrographs, the
      highest concentrations were seen in macrophages, with fewer organisms present in
      neutrophils or extracellular spaces. Although the lung is the primary organ konwn
      to be affected by Legionnaires' disease in humans, our findings indicate that the
      LD bacterium is capable of dissemination.

PMID- 373548
TI  - Legionnaires' disease bacterium isolated in 1947.
AB  - The results of serologic, cultural, and DNA relatedness studies have shown that
      the Legionnaires' disease (LD) bacterium and an unclassified agent isolated in
      1947 are the same species. Both organisms grew on charcoal-yeast extract agar,
      enriched Mueller-Hinton agar, and F-G agar, but neither grew on blood agar,
      trypticase soy agar, or in thioglycollate broth. Both agents reacted with
      convalescent sera from patients with Legionnaires' disease and convalescent sera
      from guinea pigs infected experimentally with the LD bacterium. The percentage of
      guanine plus cytosine in DNA preparations from each organism was ascertained by
      thermal denaturation to be 39%. In DNA hybridization reactions the 1947 isolate
      showed the same degree of relatedness to Philadelphia 1 strain of the LD
      bacterium as did three recent isolates of the bacterium. The LD bacterium was
      also shown to be antigenically related to another unclassified organism isolated
      in 1959.

PMID- 373551
TI  - Immunologic factors affecting the in-vivo and in-vitro survival of the
      Legionnaires' disease bacterium.
AB  - Immunologic factors affecting viability of the Legionnaires' disease (LD)
      bacterium were studied in vitro and in vivo in mice and  guinea pigs. In
      bactericidal tests, fresh human serum quickly killed LD cells. Heating fresh
      serum to 56 degrees C for 30 min destroyed bactericidal activity; absorbing it
      with bentonite had little effect. Fresh normal human serum was more effective
      than guinea pig serum. Adding LD cells to fresh normal human serum caused a
      greater than 50% depletion in functional complement activity, apparently by
      activating the classic C-142 pathway, because human serum deficient in C4 was not
      bactericidal. Antibodies to the Knoxville 1 LD strain in guinea pigs showed
      enhanced complement-mediated bactericidal activity. Without complement, immune
      guinea pig or human sera prolonged in-vitro LD cell survival. Antibodies to
      Knoxville 1 in mice depressed in-vitro bactericidal activity of human complement
      against Knoxville 1. In-vitro bactericidal tests support in-vivo studies in
      subcutaneous chambers. Complement-deficient mice immunized with Knoxville 1 were
      (P less than 0.01) less resistant to homologous challenge than nonimmunized mice.
      Immunized guinea pigs had a greater than 80-fold increase in resistance to
      subcutaneous-chamber infection.

PMID- 373552
TI  - Scottish experience with the serologic diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease.
AB  - Four-hundred fifty-nine sera from 342 persons were examined at Ruchill Hospital,
      Glasgow, using an agar-grown heat-killed, ether-treated antigen derived from the
      Philadelphia 1 strain of the Legionnaires' disease bacterium. They were examined,
      in parallel, at the Center for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta. Overall agreement
      (results agreeing +/- one twofold dilution) was reached with 90% of sera.
      Important differences were obtained with 10 (2.2%) sera. With three of these 10
      sera the CDC alone obtained a significant titre (256) whereas with the other
      seven the Glasgow laboratory alone obtained a titre of 256. Altogether 28 persons
      (8.2%) with an agreed titre of 256 or higher were identified. However, some of
      these people had been ill 4 years before serum was obtained for examination.
      These persistent high titres make the serologic diagnosis of Legionnaires'
      disease difficult.

PMID- 373553
TI  - False positive reactions in the indirect fluorescent antibody test for
      Legionnaires' disease eliminated by use of formolised yolk-sac antigen.
AB  - The indirect fluorescent antibody (FA) technique for the diagnosis of
      Legionnaires' disease was used to investigate an outbreak of respiratory disease
      in a military population. The outbreak was later shown to be caused by an
      adenovirus. High titres were obtained using the ether-killed antigen supplied by
      the Center for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, but not with a formolised yolk-sac
      antigen prepared in out laboratory. The reactivity of these sera with the CDC
      antigen was removed by absorption with a partly identified gram-positive
      bacterium, whereas sera from persons with true Legionnaires' disease were
      unaffected by such treatment, suggesting that such reactivity is not specific for
      Legionnaires' disease. The lack of reactivity with negative control sera and
      strong reactivity from a small group of patients in whom seroconversion was
      demonstrated has led us to conclude that formolised yolk-sac antigen is a
      reliable antigen for the diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease by the FA method.
      Measurement of the sensitivity and specificity of the formolised yolk-sac antigen
      is still in progress.

PMID- 373554
TI  - Prevalence of antibodies to Legionnaires' disease. A seroepidemiologic survey of
      Michigan residents using the hemagglutination test.
AB  - The indirect fluorescent antibody test and a microhemagglutination technique
      detected antibodies in human sera to Legionnaires' disease antigen about equally.
      Since the hemagglutination technique was simpler, more rapid, and less expensive,
      we used it to ascertain the prevalence of antibody in 1200 sera from apparently
      healthy, nonhospitalized Michigan residents. Prevalence was analyzed by age, sex,
      geographic location (county or residence), and season of the year. There was a
      significant difference in prevalence between seasons: 91 of 600 sera (15.2%) from
      February to March 1978 had a titer equal to or greater than 1.16, contrasted with
      179 of 600 sera (29.8%) from August to September 1978. This difference was
      independent of age and sex. There was no significant difference by geographic
      location, sex, or age except for decreased prevalence for persons 60 years or
      older.

PMID- 373555
TI  - Legionnaires' disease: one person's perspective.
AB  - Since July 1976 when an outbreak of severe, acute respiratory disease of unknown
      origin occurred among attendees at the 58th Annual Convention of the American
      Legion in Philadelphia, great progress has been made, including identification of
      the causative organism, Legionella pneumophila. Clinical features include not
      only respiratory involvement but often abdominal complaints, encephalopathy,
      renal disease, and rhabdomyolysis. Erythromycin appears to be an effective
      antimicrobial agent. Epidemiologic studies have defined epidemics as well as
      sporadic cases. Legionella pneumophila has appeared as an opportunistic pathogen.
      Organisms have been isolated from air-handling equipment and evaporative
      condensers in four instances. At present diagnosis usually is based on the
      demonstration of a fourfold rise in antibody titer between serum specimens
      obtained 3 to 6 weeks apart. Recent data suggest that organisms may be shown in
      tracheal secretions using a direct flluorescent antibody procedure and that
      antigen may be shown in urine using the microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
      (ELISA) technique.

PMID- 373556
TI  - Lessons from Legionnaires' disease.
AB  - In July 1976 a pneumonialike epidemic from a previously unrecognized
      microorganism erupted among Legionnaires who had attended a meeting in
      Philadelphia. There were an estimated 182 cases, in which 29 patients died. Among
      other things the episodes shows that even in a medically sophisticated
      industrialized nation, a bacterical pathogen can produce a small epidemic and
      defy identification for almost 6 months. One historical implication of the event
      is the need to consider the possibility of a return of large-scale epidemic
      disease rivaling the sweeps of bubonic plague in fourteenth-century Europe. Such
      epidemics could occur through any of a variety of microorganismic mechanisms
      recognized as operating at the present time. It is suggested that humans would
      react to such a disaster much as their progenitors did centuries ago.

PMID- 373558
TI  - Valproic acid bibliography.

PMID- 373557
TI  - Infection in bone-marrow recipients.

PMID- 373559
TI  - Endocrinology and metabolism: an annotated bibliography of recent literature.
      References to journal articles and other papers.

PMID- 373560
TI  - Contamination of intravenous infusion fluid: effects of changing administration
      sets.
AB  - Daily change of intravenous (i.v.) infusion administration sets has been
      recommended by the Center for Disease Control since 1973 to reduce the risk of
      infusion bacteremia. To evaluate this recommendation, we undertook a prospective,
      randomized, controlled trial that compared the rates of i.v.-associated
      bacteremia, in-use i.v. fluid contamination, and phlebitis in 300 patients whose
      administration sets were changed every 24 h with those in 300 patients whose
      administration sets were changed every 48 h. No i.v.-associated bacteremia
      occurred. Twelve of 600 infusions (2%) had positive infusion-fluid cultures: five
      in one group and seven in the other. Both groups had comparable rates of
      phlebitis. In this study population with low rates of fluid contamination, no
      benefit accrued from changing the administration sets every 24 h instead of every
      48 h. In hospitals with low rates of fluid contamination, the routine changing of
      i.v. administration sets every 48 h will result in substantial financial savings.

PMID- 373561
TI  - Effect of cimetidine on gastric hypersecretion and diarrhea in systemic
      mastocytosis.
AB  - Two patients had systemic mastocytosis and histamine excess, marked gastric acid
      and pepsin hypersecretion, and diarrhea. Cimetidine inhibited gastric acid
      secretion in both, but with only partial initial control of diarrhea. The other
      manifestations of mastocytosis were only partly controlled, even by combined H-1
      and H-2 antagonist therapy. Basal and pentagastrin-stimulated acid and pepsin
      secretion before and after 5 and 14 months, respectively, of continuous and
      effective cimetidine therapy were essentially the same. Thus there was no
      evidence for an increase in the number of H-2 receptors during the long period of
      blockade or of involution of the parietal or peptic cell mass.

PMID- 373562
TI  - Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

PMID- 373563
TI  - Hematology: an annotated bibliography of recent literature. References to journal
      articles and other papers.

PMID- 373565
TI  - [Societe Medicale des Hopitaux de Paris (1979). Membership list].

PMID- 373564
TI  - [Primary mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta from salmonella injection. A new
      case successfully operated upon (author's transl)].
AB  - A double aneurism, located in the abdominal aorta and left common iliac was found
      complicating a salmonella typhimurium infection which had been present for 7
      months. A by-pass operation between the inaffected iliac arteries was followed by
      resection of the two aneurisms. Cultures taken from the walls of the aneurisms
      showed the presence of salmonella typhimurium. The authors stress the particular
      seriousness of the spontaneous evolution of such mycotic aneurisms.

PMID- 373566
TI  - [Robert Anselme Debre (1882-1978)].

PMID- 373567
TI  - [Claude Attal (1916-1978)].

PMID- 373568
TI  - [Leon Michaux (1899-1978)].

PMID- 373569
TI  - [Jacques Poulet (1917-1978)].

PMID- 373570
TI  - [Pierre Blanchon (1913-1978)].

PMID- 373571
TI  - [Histological and immunological aspects of allergic and non allergic nasal
      mucosae. A study of 64 biopsies (author's transl)].
AB  - Optical and immunofluorescent microscopy was used to examine 52 pathological
      nasal mucosae (41 allergic, 11 non-allergic), and the results were compared to
      the clinical, biological and allergic findings. It was noted that there were a
      large variety of histological lesions in each group of patients, their extent
      being related much more to the duration and severity of the aggression than to
      their nature. There appears to be a relation between the extent of the anatomical
      lesions and immunological activity, non-allergic mucosae being low in
      immunoglobulin levels.

PMID- 373572
TI  - [Compound grafts in laryngeal surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - Compound grafts were used during surgery for enlarging the larynx and after
      cordectomy.--During operations for re-establishment of laryngeal permeability, a
      compound graft taken from the auricle of the ear ensures rapid cicatrization of
      excellent quality. This technique was used in 26 patients and gave very good
      results in 25 of them.--After cordectomy, a perichondro-cutaneous graft from the
      auricle ensures optimal reconstruction of the anatomy of the larynx. Voice re
      education would appear, however, to be necessary in many cases. Surgery of this
      type appears to be of great value, even when excision is made for cancer of the
      vocal cord, which was the case in 8 of our 16 patients.

PMID- 373573
TI  - Gastroduodenal haemorrhage.
AB  - Before the First World War the treatment of gastroduodenal haemorrhage was
      predominantly medical, though the results, especially with recurrent haemorrhage,
      were far less satisfactory than was claimed by some physicians. It was not until
      Finsterer, in 1939, demonstrated the virtues of early operation that surgery
      began to take its place in the treatment of this condition, mainly by gastric
      resection. Results remained poor, however, until 1958 with the introduction of
      conservative treatment by vagotomy, pyloroplasty, and under-running of the
      bleeding point. Personal experience, both with partial gastrectomy in the 1950s
      and 1960s and with mainly conservative treatment between 1967 and 1970, is
      described and the results presented.

PMID- 373574
TI  - Hunterian Oration, 1979. Some controversial aspects of John Hunter's life and
      work.
AB  - John Hunter's life and work have been described extensively in more than a dozen
      biographies, in over ninety Orations, and in thousands of articles and lectures.
      In spite of this manifest acknowledgment of John Hunter's greatness there are
      nevertheless numerous aspects of his character, his health, and his opinions
      which have been the subject of criticism, misunderstanding, lack of appreciation,
      and even slander.

PMID- 373575
TI  - Peel's fall.

PMID- 373576
TI  - [Arteriography of malignant tumors of the spleen. Advantages and limitations
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 373577
TI  - Kinetics of the complement fixing and immunofluorescent antibody response in
      experimental chlamydiosis in ewes.
AB  - Normal, 70 days pregnant ewes were inoculated i.v. with a chicken embryo grown
      Chlamydia psittaci strain. The ewes presented a biphasic febrile curve and
      aborted 30 to 68 days after inoculation. Chlamydiae were isolated from aborted
      fetuses and from vaginal swabs. Ewes developed CF and IF antibodies titrating
      1:320 to 1:1024 two to three weeks after inoculation. A second antibody rise
      occurred one to two weeks before or after abortion and reached titers of 1:640 to
      1:1024. Immunoglobulin fractions from the serum of the ewes were also tested by
      CF and IF. IgG antibodies were detected by both methods and the trend of their
      kinetics was similar to that of whole serum. IgM antibodies were present in very
      low titers in the immunoglobulin fractions of some of the animals. CF and IF were
      equally sensitive in detecting anti-Chlamydia antibodies in whole serum or
      immunoglobulin fractions.

PMID- 373578
TI  - [Advisability of coronarography and surgery during the acute phase of myocardial
      infarction (author's transl)].

PMID- 373579
TI  - Annals of the Annals.

PMID- 373580
TI  - Assignment of the human acid alpha-glucosidase gene (alphaGLU) to chromosome 17
      using somatic cell hybrids.
AB  - Hybrid clones (MOGs) were made between the mouse line RAG and a primary
      fibroblast line from an individual of the rare alphaGLU 2 phenotype. Fifteen
      independent primary clones and 32 subclones were tested for the presence of human
      alphaGLU after separation of the human and rodent enzymes by starch gel
      electrophoresis. Twenty-three other human-mouse hybrids from six different
      crosses were analysed for the presence of human alphaGLU by exploiting a
      difference in the thermostability of the human and mouse enzymes. The hybrids
      were also analysed for up to 25 other enzymes which were used as markers for
      different human chromosomes. Two of the MOG hybrids were karyotyped and karyotype
      data were already available for a number of the other hybrids. The combined
      results demonstrate that alphaGLU is located on chromosome 17, and probably on
      17q.

PMID- 373581
TI  - [Lectins yesterday and today].

PMID- 373582
TI  - Inhibition of human factor B activity of the properdin system by human and guinea
      pig sera.
AB  - The activity of factor B of the alternative pathway of complement activation was
      assayed in human and guinea-pig sera using the radial haemolytic assay with
      various MgCl2 and RB concentrations. RB were prepared by heating at 50 degrees C
      human or guinea-pig sera to render them deficient in factor B. Whatever
      concentrated RB and MgCl2 were, guinea-pig sera seemed unable to react while
      human sera gave an haemolytic reaction with both human and guinea-pig RB. We
      described an inhibition of human factor B activity by human and guinea-pig RB
      under certain conditions. This inhibition is more pronounced in the case of
      guinea-pig RB.

PMID- 373583
TI  - Increased release of lymphokines by allografted mouse spleen cells following
      concanavalin A stimulation.
AB  - Using a test proposed in this laboratory for following macrophage "activation"
      (intracellular beta-glucuronidase content) and quantitative dilution studies, we
      have shown that lymphocytes from mice presensitized by a skin allograft release
      far more macrophage activating lympholines than do normal lymphocytes when non
      specifically stimulated by concanavalin A. This difference may be due to latent
      metabolic changes of sensitized lymphocytes, but it may also express a modified
      balance among the various lymphocyte subpopulations within the spleen of grafted
      mice.

PMID- 373584
TI  - Mostly membranes (Kenneth S. Cole).

PMID- 373585
TI  - Spinal interneurons.

PMID- 373586
TI  - Reticulospinal projections to spinal motor nuclei.

PMID- 373587
TI  - Extracellular potassium in the mammalian central nervous system.

PMID- 373588
TI  - Sugar, amino acid, and Na+ cotransport in the proximal tubule.

PMID- 373589
TI  - Rheogenic and passive Na+ absorption by the proximal nephron.

PMID- 373590
TI  - Potassium transport in the nephron.

PMID- 373591
TI  - Renal handling of phosphate and calcium.

PMID- 373592
TI  - Hibernation: cellular aspects.

PMID- 373593
TI  - Hibernation: neural aspects.

PMID- 373594
TI  - Reproductive endocrinology of fishes: gonadal cycles and gonadotropin in
      teleosts.

PMID- 373595
TI  - Reproductive endocrinology of reptiles and amphibians: gonadotropins.

PMID- 373596
TI  - Avian orientation and navigation.

PMID- 373597
TI  - Control of mucus secretion and ion transport in airways.
AB  - The output of secretions from the airway submucosal glands is regulated by vagal
      efferent nerves. Stimulation of cough receptors increases mucus output reflexly
      via the vagus nerves. Adrenergic agonists increase submucosal gland secretions in
      some species, which indicates that adrenergic receptors are present in these
      cells. However, evidence for adrenergic nervous pathways to the glands is
      limited. Irritants and drugs stimulate secretion from epithelial cells by direct
      effects. There is also evidence that the secretion of epithelial cells can be
      stimulated by parasympathetic nervous pathways in birds but not in mammals.
      Active ion transport of Cl- toward the lumen and of Na+ toward the submucosa
      results in net ion movement toward the airway lumen in unstimulated tracheal
      epithelia. Drugs and mediators increase the net movement of ions toward the
      lumen. No agents have yet been found that increase net ion movement toward the
      submucosa. The link between ion transport and water secretion in airway
      epithelia, although speculative, seems likely in view of the evidence from other
      epithelia. Since airway epithelium is a "tight junction" epithelium, modification
      of the tight junction may alter the transepithelial movement of water and ions.
      We suggest that the depth and consistency of the periciliary layer of airway
      secretions determine the ability of the cilia to propel the mucoprotein gel and
      thereby modify mucociliary transport. To achieve this, secretion of mucus must be
      controlled separately from the secretion of water. Studies are needed to
      determine which of the specialized functions of the epithelial cells interact to
      regulate the clearance of secretions from the airway. Is the sol maintained by
      secretion and reabsorption of fluid across the epithelium? Does the sol move with
      the gel by ciliary action or does it remain stationary? Do changes in the
      epithelial tight junctions influence net water movement and thus indirectly alter
      the depth of the sol layer? To answer these questions, techniques are needed to
      study subunits of the airway, including isolated surface cells and submucosal
      glands; and sensitive methods are required to analyze the very small samples of
      secretions for glycoprotein and electrolyte content. Intracellular measurements
      of electrolyte concentrations and electrical potentials may help to elucidate the
      mechanisms of transepithelial ion and water movement. The control system for the
      production and removal of respiratory tract secretions may be altered in disease.
      For instance, chronic stimulation of cough receptors causes reflex secretion and
      may be the cause of the hyperplasia of submucosal glands and of the abnormal
      secretions that occur in chronic bronchitis and asthma (50, 58). The abnormally
      viscid mucus in cystic fibrosis may be due to a defect in Cl- transport, which
      provides too little water for both the gel and sol layers. These speculations are
      intended to identify areas for further research, which hopefully will reduce the
      morbidity and mortality in these common lung diseases.

PMID- 373599
TI  - Propagation mechanisms in heart.

PMID- 373598
TI  - Properties of two inward membrane currents in the heart.

PMID- 373600
TI  - Cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 373601
TI  - Calcium and cardiac excitation-contraction coupling.

PMID- 373602
TI  - Mitochondrial function in the heart.

PMID- 373603
TI  - Feedback actions of target hormones on hypothalamus and pituitary with special
      reference to gonadal steroids.

PMID- 373604
TI  - Regulation of hepatic biliary secretion.

PMID- 373606
TI  - Cytoplasmic fibers in mammalian cells: cytoskeletal and contractile elements.

PMID- 373605
TI  - Prostaglandins in hypothalamo-pituitary and ovarian function.

PMID- 373607
TI  - The crossbridge theory.

PMID- 373608
TI  - Filament organization and contractile function in vertebrate smooth muscle.

PMID- 373609
TI  - Recent studies on cellular metabolism by nuclear magnetic resonance.

PMID- 373610
TI  - Comparative biochemistry and physiology of gut hormones.

PMID- 373612
TI  - The future outlook for enzyme immunoassays.

PMID- 373611
TI  - Regulation of stiffness by skeletomotor reflexes.

PMID- 373613
TI  - A look at the future with regard to immunoassay.

PMID- 373614
TI  - A progress report on two highly sensitive, nonisotopic assay systems.

PMID- 373615
TI  - The EMIT system: a commercially successful innovation.

PMID- 373616
TI  - A large private laboratory looks at immunoassay.

PMID- 373617
TI  - [Antibiotic resistance of Shigella in different regions of the USSR].
AB  - Shigella were most sensitive to polymyxin ceporin, ampicillin, neomycin and
      furazolidone and resistant to chloramphenicol, tetracycline and streptomycin.
      Shigella resistant simultaneously to two or three drugs mainly to tetracycline +
      chloramphenicol, tetracycline + streptomycin and tetracycline + chloramphenicol +
      streptomycin were most frequent. The frequency of the Shigella strains carrying R
      plasmids increased from 28 per cent in 1969--1970 to 72.6 per cent in 1977. The
      Shigella strains isolated during the dysentery outbreak in 1973--1977 carried the
      R-factor controlling resistance to tetracycline + chloramphenicol, tetracycline +
      chloramphenicol + streptomycin, tetracycline + chloramphenicol + streptomycin +
      neomycin. Interaction between separate biochemical types, colicinogenicity and
      drug resistance classes was found in the Shigella isolates. The data on the
      effect of antibiotic (tetracyclines) intensive use in stock-raising defining wide
      spread of the R-plasmids controlling resistance to these drugs were obtained.

PMID- 373618
TI  - [Compaction of 2-chain DNA as a method of procedure in determining its binding
      constant with antibiotics].
AB  - The binding of antibiotics and dyes with a compact form of DNA produced in water
      salt solutions containing polyethylenglycol (PEG) presents a possibility of
      studying antibiotic interaction with DNA molecules contained in biological
      objects, such as viruses and chromosomes, since the compact form of DNA reflects
      some DNA properties in vivo. Possibly the use of the compact and not the "open"
      or linear form of DNA in chemical reactions will provide data on the efficiency
      of the compound "action" under conditions close to intracellular ones. The
      results well be useful in screening substances with "optimal" pharmacological
      effect. The paper presents a method for determination of the constant of
      antibiotic or dye binding with DNA and two-chain synthetic polynucleotides in
      water-salt solutions containing PEG. The method is based on "elimination" of the
      DNA molecules in the form of compact particles bound in a complex with an
      antibiotic or a dye. Comparison of the data with the results of estimation of the
      constants of antibiotic binding with DNA by the routine methods showed close
      conformity of the binding constants determined by different methods. It was found
      that the value of the binding constant of the antibiotics studied slightly
      depended on the structural state of DNA. The value was practically the same for
      the linear and the compact forms of DNA.

PMID- 373619
TI  - [Effectiveness of the intramuscular administration of high doses of penicillin in
      treating pneumonia].
AB  - Clinical tolerance of benzylpenicillin administered intramuscularly in doses of
      2000000--3000000 units every 4--6hours (12000000 units a day) was studied in 253
      patients with pneumonia. Satisfactory tolerance of sodium benzylpenicillin and
      pronounced painfulness at the site of injection of potassium benzylpenicillin
      were noted. General toxic side effects in the form of asthenia, dizziness, pain
      in the heart region were observed in a part of elderly patients. The
      benzylpenicillin serum levels after administration of 2000000 units were 6--10
      times higher than those after administration of 200000 units. The efficiency of
      benzylpenicillin elevated doses was studied in 193 patients. In 101 of them the
      previous treatment with usual doses of benzylpenicillin, i. e. 200000 units every
      4 hours was not sufficiently effective. The elevated doses of benzylpenicillin
      proved to be effective in 78 per cent of the cases, the effect being observed in
      all the cases with acute pneumonia, in 88.5 per cent of the cases with neglected
      state and in 83 per cent of the cases with chronic pneumonia. The therapeutic
      effect was also observed in most of the patients with benzylpenicillin resistant
      microflora in the sputum. On the basis of high efficiency of penicillin therapy
      it was concluded that gram-positive cocci played the main role in pneumonia
      etiology.

PMID- 373620
TI  - [Use of carminomycin on children and adolescents with osteogenic sarcoma].
AB  - The therapeutic effect of carminomycin was studied in clinic at different
      treatment schemes with respect to 14 children and juvenile patients with
      osteogenic sarcoma. Pronounced local effect evident from disappearance of the
      pain and in some cases decrease of the metastatic tumor were noted in the
      patients with metastases of the osteogenic sarcoma to the bones or relapses of
      the primary tumor. Subjective improvement and objective effect were observed
      respectively in 90 and 53 per cent of the patients with metastases into the lungs
      and pronounced lung symptomatology.

PMID- 373621
TI  - [50th birthday of Prof. N. P. Elinov].

PMID- 373622
TI  - Current nursing issues are part of rich tapestry of history.

PMID- 373623
TI  - Clostridium botulinum in the Gulf of Thailand.
AB  - A survey was carried out to determine the incidence of Clostridium botulinum in
      samples of mud, sand, and fish from the Gulf of Thailand. Enrichment cultures
      from 762 samples of mud and sand from seven different areas around the Gulf were
      tested. C. botulinum type D was present in 10 samples, and type E was present in
      2 samples taken from the west coast at Hua Hin. Enrichment cultures from 16,773
      fish grouped into 2,151 samples yielded 10 filtrates containing C. botulinum type
      D and 5 containing type E. All of the toxic filtrates were obtained from samples
      of fish taken from the west coast of the Gulf of Thailand.

PMID- 373624
TI  - Limitations of the Moeller lysine and ornithine decarboxylase tests.
AB  - A total of 40 fecal and environmental isolates, including 26 Escherichia coli
      strains, 9 members of the genus Klebsiella, and 5 members of the genus
      Enterobacter, were tested by enzyme assay for their endogenous and induced levels
      of lysine decarboxylase and ornithine decarboxylase when grown in Moeller
      decarboxylase medium. All of the coliforms examined had measurable lysine
      decarboxylase and ornithine decarboxylase activities whether or not they were
      positive in the Moeller test. In general, the Moeller lysine decarboxylase test
      reflected the inducibility of lysine decarboxylase whereas the Moeller ornithine
      decarboxylase test did not relect the inducibility of ornithine decarboxylase.
      Neither test measured the amount of intracellular enzyme; rather, they indicated
      whether the amount of polyamine liberated was sufficient to raise the pH of the
      culture medium above 7. Changing the growth conditions (i.e., the concentrations
      of glucose, lysine, and amino acids other than lysine) greatly influenced the
      lysine decarboxylase activity in coliforms. The limitations on the interpretation
      of the Moeller test results are discussed.

PMID- 373625
TI  - Deoxyribonucleic acid strand breaks during drying of Escherichia coli on a
      hydorohobic filter membrane.
AB  - Cells of Escherichia coli mounted on a hydrophobic filter membrane were dried
      under various vapor pressures. A mutant defective in deoxyribonucleic acid repair
      (uvrA recA) was more sensitive to drying at a water activity of 0.53 or below
      than the parent strain but not at a water activity of 0.75 and above. Sucrose
      gradient studies showed that single- and double-strand breaks of deoxyribonucleic
      acid occurred at a water activity of 0.53 or below, but no breaks could be
      observed at a water activity of 0.75 or above. These results were observed in all
      cells rehydrated with 0.03 M tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane-hydrocholoride
      buffer solution at 0 or 37 degrees C, in the presence or absence of oxygen, with
      saturated water vapor or with a hypertonic solution followed by a gradual
      dilution. Freezable water was detected in the cells only at a water activity
      above 0.75 by differential scanning calorimetry. Removal of unfreezable water of
      cells in the drying, therfore, might induce deoxyribonucleic acid strand breaks.

PMID- 373626
TI  - Histamine production by Klebsiella pneumoniae and an incident of scombroid fish
      poisoning.
AB  - A histamine-producing strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from a sample
      of tuna sashimi implicated in an outbreak of scombroid fish poisoning. None of
      the other nine gram-negative bacterial strains isolated from the tuna sashimi was
      capable of equivalent histamine production. Bacterial histamine production was
      monitored in a tuna fish infusion broth (TFIB), and the implicated K. pneumoniae
      was capable of producing 442 mg of histamine per 100 g of tuna in TFIB in 7 h
      under controlled incubation conditions. Only 12 of 50 other K. pneumoniae
      strains, representing 5 distinct biochemical types, which had been originally
      isolated from foods, were able to produce such levels of histamine in TFIB. No
      correlation was found between histamine production and other biochemical
      characteristics or antibiotic resistance. Of the 12 histamine-producing strains,
      11 belonged to type 2, which is characterized as indole negative with positive
      reactions in the urea and Voges-Proskauer tests. However, only 50% of the type 2
      strains examined produced high levels of histamine in TFIB. Additionally, the
      implicated K. pneumoniae strain and one other strain belonged to type 1, which is
      characterized by positive reactions in the indole, urea, and Voges-Proskauer
      tests.

PMID- 373627
TI  - Tandem coagulase/thermonuclease agar method for the detection of Staphylococcus
      aureus.
AB  - In optimizing previously reported coagulase agar media to obtain a rapid,
      reliable, and inexpensive coagulase test agar, variations in plasmas, pH, buffer
      system, fibrinogen, and fibrinolytic inhibitor were investigated. The agar with
      the following composition was determined best for the demonstration of coagulase
      production by Staphylococcus aureus: 25 ml of 15% bovine fibrinogen (fraction I,
      type I, citrated, Sigma Chemical Co.), 25 ml of rehydrated rabbit plasma
      (coagulase plasma ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Difco), 10.0 mg of soybean
      trypsin inhibitor (Schwarz/Mann), and 450 ml of brain heart infusion agar
      (Difco). In additional studies involving 7 different temperatures and 11 heating
      times, the thermal destruction of microbial nucleases on plate count agar and
      coagulase test agar was investigated. Heating the plates for 2.5 h at 65 degrees
      C destroyed all heatlabile nucleases, but not thermonucleases of S. aureus. A
      tandem agar plate method for the identification of S. aureus was developed.
      Coagulase and thermonuclease activity of 50 colonies can be detected on a single
      agar plate. Suspect S. aureus colonies isolated on various selective media are
      transferred to coagulase test agar, the plates are incubated at 37 degrees C for
      18 h, and the coagulase reaction is recorded. The plates are then heated at 65
      degrees C for 2.5 h, overlaid with toluidine blue-metachromatic diffusion agar,
      and reincubated at 37 degrees C for 3 h, and the thermonuclease reaction is
      recorded. Studies based on 88 enterotoxigenic S. aureus strains and 133 and 48
      suspect S. aureus strains isolated from fresh salami mixtures on mannitol salt
      and tellurite-polymyxin-egg yolk agars, respectively, demonstrated 100% agreement
      between the tandem agar plate method and standard coagulase and thermonuclease
      tests. Overall, the tandem agar plate method is a rapid and convenient approach
      contributing to the identification of S. aureus from foods.

PMID- 373628
TI  - Uneven distribution of aerobic mesophilic bacteria on human skin.
AB  - Viable aerobic mesophilic bacteria are not evenly distributed on the skin of the
      volar forearm. An increase in the size of the area sampled did not result in a
      proportional increase in the number of the viable aerobic mesophilic bacteria
      recovered.

PMID- 373629
TI  - The relation of photooxidized histidines in yeast enolase to enzymatic activity.

PMID- 373630
TI  - Reaction of p-azidophenacyl iodoacetate, a photolabile reagent, with yeast
      alcohol dehydrogenase.

PMID- 373631
TI  - Oxidation of 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate by pig heart and Escherichia coli alpha
      ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex.

PMID- 373632
TI  - Effects of trimeprazine and trimipramine on nocturnal scratching in patients with
      atopic eczema.
AB  - Twelve men with severe and long-standing atopic eczema were admitted to a double
      blind trial to establish the effects of trimeprazine tartrate, trimipramine
      maleate, and placebo on nocturnal scratching. Neither of the drugs altered the
      likelihood of a scratching bout beginning in wakefulness or in any stage of
      sleep. However, both drugs, especially trimipramine, made sleep less broken, and
      the reduced time spent in stage 1 of sleep accounted for a modest reduction in
      the overall amount of scratching during the night.

PMID- 373633
TI  - In vivo bound pemphigus antibodies in a stillborn infant. Passive intrauterine
      transfer of pemphigus vulgaris?
AB  - Pemphigus vulgaris developed in a 23-year-old woman during the first trimester of
      pregnancy. In the 33d week she had a stillbirth of a female child who showed
      extensive skin lesions clinically suggestive of pemphigus. The application of
      direct immunofluorescence staining to skin tissue sections showed deposition of
      IgG in the intercellular spaces of the epidermis of both mother and child. Our
      findings raise the possibility of transplacentar passage of pemphigus antibody,
      which may have been responsible for the fetal skin lesions.

PMID- 373634
TI  - Localized pemphigoid simulating dyshidrosiform dermatitis.
AB  - A patient had a localized, persistent vesicular eruption of the feet that was
      clinically identical to dyshidrosiform dermatitis. Direct and indirect
      immunofluorescent studies revealed a bullous pemphigoid (BP) pattern. Antibody
      blocking experiments showed the patient's circulating basement membrane zone
      antibody to be identical to that of classical BP. Possible pathogenetic
      mechanisms of localized BP are discussed.

PMID- 373635
TI  - Bullous eruption of diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Bullous eruption of diabetes is a cutaneous sign of diabetes mellitus. Patients
      with this disorder manifest a sudden onset of intraepidermal or subepidermal
      bullae, which are primarily confined to the extremities and heal within several
      weeks without scarring. Our patient had severe diabetes and experienced two
      episodes of bullae associated with intense, ultraviolet light exposure. Negative
      immunofluorescence, early disappearance of anchoring filaments and half
      desmosomes between cell membrane and basal lamina, and the absence of urinary
      uroporphyrins separate this entity from certain similar-appearing conditions.
      Cation imbalance, precipitated by renal failure, could be a possible causal
      factor.

PMID- 373636
TI  - Beaded fluorescence pattern of FTA-ABS test associated with malignancy.
AB  - A beaded pattern of immunofluorescence (IF) occasionally occurs in routine FTA
      ABS testing. This phenomenon strongly correlates with false-positive reactions in
      patients with SLE. We report on this IF finding in association with carcinoma of
      the colon.

PMID- 373637
TI  - Photoimmunology.

PMID- 373639
TI  - Correlation of antibodies in skin and serum with disease severity in pemphigus.
AB  - Direct and indirect immunofluorescence (IF) testing was performed on 63 patients
      with active or inactive pemphigus in order to determine the reliability of these
      tests for diagnosis and for monitoring disease severity. Direct IF was positive
      in 58 of 63 patients with pemphigus. The five patients with negative direct IF
      had been free of lesions for more than a year. Thus, the direct IF test is a
      reliable diagnostic procedure that shows positive findings early in the disease.
      Indirect IF is inferior to direct IF as a diagnostic test because it may be
      negative in early cases, as observed in four patients. Furthermore, indirect IF,
      contrary to claims, is not reliable for evaluating the status of the disease.
      Thus, in patients with lesions and receiving treatment, 41% of the determinations
      showed a negative titer; whereas in patients free of lesions, 45% of the
      determinations showed a positive titer. In particular, seven patients without
      lesions and without treatment for more than a year had a positive titer.

PMID- 373638
TI  - Polymorphic pemphigoid.
AB  - We describe 20 patients with a chronic polymorphic eruption; they shared
      clinical, histopathological, and therapeutic features of both dermatitis
      herpetiformis and bullous pemphigoid (BP). In 14 of these 20 cases, direct and
      indirect immunofluorescence studies corresponded to BP. The remaining six
      patients showed IgA deposits in a linear pattern at the basement membrane zone,
      and two of these six showed IgA pemphigoid antibodies in their sera as well. No
      significant clinical and histological differences were detected in the patients,
      in connection with the immunological findings. Furthermore, one patient's
      condition, which was studied by repeated immunofluorescence examinations, changed
      from a linear IgA pattern and a negative indirect test to a linear IgG pattern
      and a positive reaction for IgG pemphigoid antibodies. We concluded that these
      cases constitute a polymorphic variant of BP.

PMID- 373640
TI  - Pemphigoid vegetans.
AB  - A 24-year-old woman had massive purulent and verrucous vegetations with fissuring
      in the groin and axillae. She also had scaling, crusted, bullous, and purulent
      lesions on the scalp, face, axillae, umbilicus, groin, and hands. Biopsy
      specimens of skin for histopathologic examinations and direct immunofluorescent
      study showed typical bullous pemphigoid, and serial serum samples tested by
      indirect immunofluorescent study confirmed the diagnosis. A basement membrane
      antibody was presented on four occasions at titers of 320, 1,280, 169, and 320.
      The differential diagnosis included dermatitis vegetans and pemphigus vegetans.
      An appropriate term for this manifestation of bullous pemphigoid is "pemphigoid
      vegetans."

PMID- 373641
TI  - Lymphomatoid papulosis occurring in a renal transplant patient.

PMID- 373642
TI  - Childhood asthma. A controlled trial of family psychotherapy.
AB  - In an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of family psychotherapy as an adjunct
      conventional treatment in childhood asthma, children with moderate to severe
      asthma were randomly allocated to a control group or to an experimental group;
      the latter group received 6 hours of family treatment during a 4-month period,
      and both groups had standard medical treatment. While there was no significant
      difference between the two groups on three parameters, the experimental group
      were significantly better in day-wheeze score and thoracic gas volume. These
      results suggest that family treatment in selected cases may have a place in the
      overall management of childhood asthma, and that more research with larger
      numbers of children is necessary.

PMID- 373644
TI  - Securing haemostasis during umbilical catheterisation in a neonate.

PMID- 373643
TI  - Hepatic dysfunction in childhood malaria.
AB  - Hepatic function of 80 children aged under 3 years with Plasmodium vivax malaria
      were studied during the acute attack and 6 weeks after antimalarial treatment.
      Raised levels of serum aspartate transaminase (serum AST; SGOT), serum alanine
      transaminase (serum ALT; SGPT), and alkaline phosphatase were observed in 68%,
      39% and 46% of cases respectively. AST levels were higher than ALT ones and the
      mean level of both enzymes was much higher in patients with hepatomegaly. The
      hepatic dysfunction which these observations reflect is transient, as these
      enzymes were found to be at their normal levels 6 weeks after treatment. A
      transient derangement of liver function is thus a common feature of childhood
      malaria, and hepatic dysfunction takes place to a significant degree even in P.
      vivax malaria.

PMID- 373645
TI  - A controlled trial of cyclophosphamide and azathioprine in Nigerian children with
      the nephrotic syndrome and poorly selective proteinuria.
AB  - In a controlled trial, symptomatic treatment alone, or 12 weeks of
      cyclophosphamide or azathioprine were compared in Nigerian children with
      nephrotic syndrome (mainly quartan malarial nephropathy) and poorly selective
      proteinuria. Full remission in 2 patients in each of the two groups treated with
      drugs, and diminution of proteinuria in most patients in the cyclophosphamide
      group showed possible evidence of benefit. Infections during treatment were
      significantly more common in the drug-treated groups but were controllable.
      Mortality from renal failure in the 2nd year after treatment was significantly
      greater in the azathioprine-treated group than in the other two, suggesting that
      the drug may have exacerbated the nephritis. The 5-year survival rate was similar
      in the cyclophosphamide and the control group.

PMID- 373646
TI  - A clinical comparison of beclomethasone dipropionate delivered by pressurised
      aerosol and as a powder from a rotahaler.
AB  - 14 children with severe asthma were studied for 2 months in a double-blind cross
      over trial to compare the efficacy of beclomethasone dipropionate delivered as an
      aerosol and as a powder from a rotahaler. Inhalation via the aerosol was
      satisfactory in 13 patients, each of whom used the rotahaler correctly. Younger
      children preferred to use the rotahaler. Comparison of daily symptoms, twice
      daily peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and use of salbutamol during the 2 months
      of the trial showed that control of asthma was equally good, irrespective of the
      device used to deliver active beclomethasone.

PMID- 373647
TI  - Sodium valproate and pregnancy.

PMID- 373648
TI  - ["Pancreatic polypeptide" A cells. Demonstration in the adult human pancreas and
      role in pancreatic pathology].

PMID- 373649
TI  - [Jean Frederic Lobstein the Younger (1777-1835). Early accomplishment of the
      clinico-pathological method with the aid of the local autorities (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 373650
TI  - Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PMID- 373651
TI  - A thermographic and clinical comparison of three intra-articular steroid
      preparations in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - We have compared three intra-articular steroid preparations in a double blind
      study on 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and bilateral synovitis of the
      knees. One knee was injected with 1.0 ml of either prednisolone t-butyl acetate,
      methyl prednisolone acetate, or triamcinolone hexacetonide, and the patients were
      followed up for 6 weeks with regular clinical and thermographic assessments.
      Thermographic improvement was seen with all 3 drugs but was greatest initially
      and longest lasting with triamcinolone. No significant systemic improvement was
      seen with any drug after a single injection, though all 3 steroid preparations
      suppressed endogenous cortisol.

PMID- 373652
TI  - Reticulum cell sarcoma in azathioprine-treated systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - The development of a reticulum cell sarcoma in the lung of a patient with
      systemic lupus erythematosus treated with azathioprine for 18 months is
      described. This possible hazard of immunosuppressive therapy is discussed in
      relation to patients with SLE.

PMID- 373653
TI  - [Nuclear medicine: a new era in cardiologic diagnosis].

PMID- 373654
TI  - [Cardiology in Martin de la Cruz and Juan Badiano's Manuscript].

PMID- 373655
TI  - Simposium sobre estreptococo, fiebre reumatica y glomerulonefritis. The biology
      of group A streptococci.

PMID- 373656
TI  - The relationship of group A streptococci and mammalian tissue antigens to certain
      disease states.

PMID- 373657
TI  - Neurological complications of anticoagulation therapy: a neurologist's review.
AB  - Anticoagulant-induced bleeding may involve the brain, spinal cord, or peripheral
      nerves. It may occur with either coumarin or heparin anticoagulants, in the
      absence of trauma, and while prothrombin times, clotting times, or partial
      thromboplastin times are in accepted therapeutic ranges. Bleeding involving the
      brain occurs usually as a subdural hematoma, with intracerebral or subarachnoid
      hemorrhages occurring less frequently. There may be diagnostic problems in the
      recognition of these anticoagulant-related subdural hematomas. The spinal cord
      involvement usually appears in the form of an extradural hematoma. This condition
      can progress rapidly, and prompt recognition of its presence, localization with
      myelography, and laminectomy for surgical evacuation are necessary. The
      peripheral nerve most frequently compressed is the femoral nerve, due to bleeding
      into the iliacus muscle. Other nerves can be involved, and surgical evacuation
      may be necessary at times.

PMID- 373658
TI  - An iconoclastic view of conventional wisdoms in hematology.

PMID- 373659
TI  - Asymptomatic bilious ascites following percutaneous liver biopsy.
AB  - Asymptomatic bile leakage developed in a woman following percutaneous liver
      biopsy. The case is remarkable because features of cholestasis were not present
      at the time of biopsy, the bile leak occurred through the needle tract in the
      liver, billous ascites occurred without signs of acute peritonitis, and the
      complication was the initial manifestation of extrahepatic biliary obstruction
      due to encasement of the common bile duct by histiocytic lymphoma.

PMID- 373660
TI  - Apparent cure of intracranial Nocardia asteroides infection by minocycline.
AB  - Currently preferred therapy for CNS Nocardia infection is high-dose sulfonamide
      coupled with surgical drainage. Neither of these could be used in our patient;
      this led to therapy with minocycline alone. Several months after completion of
      minocycline therapy, the patient apparently is cured. His favorable outcome
      probably resulted from a combination of susceptibility of the organism to
      minocycline coupled with good CNS penetration of the agent resulting in CNS
      levels of drug 16 to 22 times higher than the Nocardia inhibitory concentration.

PMID- 373661
TI  - Arrhythmogenic effects of orally administered bronchodilators.
AB  - The respiratory and circulatory effects of orally administered ephedrine sulfate,
      25 mg, aminophylline, 400 mg, terbutaline sulfate, 5 mg, and placebo were
      evaluated in 20 patients with ventricular arrhythmia by a double-blind crossover
      method. The bronchodilator effect of terbutaline was similar to that of
      aminophylline over four hours but superior to ephedrine at the fourth hour. Both
      terbutaline and ephedrine exhibited chronotropic effects, with the effect of
      terbutaline greater than that of ephedrine at the fourth hour. The effect of
      aminophylline on heart rate did not differ from placebo. Only terbutaline was
      associated with an increase in ventricular ectopic beats. Ventricular tachycardia
      occurred in three patients treated with terbutaline and in one patient with
      ephedrine. There were no significant changes in blood pressure. Orally
      administered terbutaline should not be regarded as safer than orally administered
      ephedrine or aminophylline in patients with arrhythmias.

PMID- 373662
TI  - Acute leukemia and immunosupressive drug use: a review of patients undergoing
      immunosuppressive therapy for non-neoplastic diseases.
AB  - We have reviewed 61 reported cases of acute leukemia developing in patients who
      had previously received immunosuppressive agents for non-neoplastic disorders. In
      three patients the diagnosis of acute leukemia was made less than six months
      after the first exposure to immunosuppressive drugs and was, therefore,
      considered coincidental. Among the remaining 58 patients, most diagnoses were of
      myeloblastic or myelomonocytic leukemia. The underlying diagnoses in most of the
      58 patients were rheumatoid arthritis or renal disease or renal transplant.
      Thirty patients had received alkylating agents exclusively, 10 had received
      antimetabolites only, while the remaining 18 patients had received multiple
      therapeutic modalities including antimetabolites, alkylating agents, and/or
      radiation. Most patients had also received large amounts of corticosteroids.
      Although we do not have the overall denominator of population at risk, the
      relatively high proportion of patients who had received alkylating agents before
      developing acute leukemia doses suggest a causal relationship, and one might,
      therefore, hesitate before using such drugs in non-life-threatening diseases.

PMID- 373663
TI  - [Plasma vasopressin in premature infants on mechanical ventilation].
AB  - A systematic study has been undertaken to improve the understanding of water
      regulation in premature babies who are artificially ventilated. Thirty nine
      premature babies, 16 normal (Group N, GA 31.4 weeks, B/W 1622 g) and 23 with
      respiratory distress syndrome who were ventilated with or without continuous
      positive pressure (Group V, GA 31 weeks, BW 1505 g) have been studied. Plasma
      osmolalities were the same in both groups (284 and 282 mosM/Kg H2O) but there
      were significant differences (p less than 0.001) between the urine osmolalities N
      = 150.6 +/- 19.6 V = 294 +/- 25.9 mosM/Kg H2O) and the plasma ADH levels of the
      two groups (N = 2.9 +/- 0.4 pg/ml, V = 12.2 +/- 2.4 pg/ml). There was a
      significant correlation between the urine osmolality and the plasma ADH level but
      not between plasma osmolality and the plasma ADH level. Several hypotheses can be
      proposed but none are satisfactory.

PMID- 373664
TI  - Psychiatric disorders in two African villages.
AB  - Adults in two small Ugandan villages were interviewed, using a standard
      psychiatric examination and standard methods of case identification and
      diagnosis. Twenty percent had disorders just above threshold level, and a further
      5% had more definite disorders. Most of these conditions were depressive, but
      hypomanic and anxiety states were also represented. A survey of women in
      southeast London found only half this frequency of disorders. Further studies are
      required to confirm these results.

PMID- 373666
TI  - Ananda Marga meditation.

PMID- 373665
TI  - Treatment of secondary depression in schizophrenia. A double-blind, placebo
      controlled trial of amitriptyline added to perphenazine.
AB  - The combination of antidepressants and neuroleptics has been widely recommended
      and commonly used clinically for the schizophrenic patient who becomes depressed.
      However, the value of the combination for these patients has not been clearly
      demonstrated. This report presents results of a double-blind, randomized, placebo
      controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate the combination of perphenazine
      and amitriptyline hydrochloride with that of perphenazine alone in the treatment
      of 35 ambulatory chronic schizophrenic patients in whom depressive symptoms
      developed. Results showed that the addition of amitriptyline to perphenazine,
      when compared with perphenazine alone, was more effective in reducing symptoms of
      depression after four months of treatment, but less effective in reducing thought
      disorder. The study concludes that the value of adding an antidepressant to the
      usual neuroleptic in the treatment of secondary depression in schizophrenia
      should be reviewed.

PMID- 373667
TI  - Distribution and frequency of gastrin cells in the digestive tract of the
      Japanese quail.
AB  - The gastrin cells of the Japanese quail were studied histologically and
      immunocytochemically. Cells reacting with antiserum to gastrin (gastrin cells)
      were demonstrated by the peroxidase-labelled antibody method and showed brownish
      cytoplasm. They also were stained argyrophil by the Grimelius' silver method.
      Gastrin cells were found in the epithelium of the pyloric region and small
      intestine and not in any other regions. They were the most numerous in the
      pyloric region (382.14 +/- 12.77/1.25mm2), next in the ileum (3.79 +/-
      1.24/1.25mm2) and duodenum (2.93 +/- 0.62/1.25mm2), and the least in the jejunum
      (0.93 +/- 0.62/1.25mm2). Remarkable concentration of gastrin cells in the pyloric
      region has thus been demonstrated.

PMID- 373668
TI  - Angiotensin-like immunoreactivity in the rat submaxillary gland.
AB  - Rat salivary glands were examined by an indirect immunofluorescence technique
      using anti-angiotensin II antiserum. Cells reacting with the antiserum were found
      in the convoluted granular tubules of the submaxillary gland. In view of the
      previous reports that renin was isolated from the rat submaxillary gland and that
      cells with a renin-like immunoreactivity were demonstrated in the convoluted
      granular tubules of the gland, the present study suggests that a set of
      substances forming the renin-angiotensin system may be present in this gland.

PMID- 373669
TI  - Enhancement of cardiac allografts in rats at the major AbG locus. I. Synergistic
      effect of specific and non-specific immunosuppression.
AB  - Investigations of the specific and nonspecific immunosupression of heart
      transplants in rats are presented. Pretreatment of the Wistar recipient of the
      August heart with donor strain cellular antigen and anti-donor hyperimmune serum
      11 and 10 days before transplantation caused enhancement of the heart graft in
      this strain combination differing in the major AgB histocompatibility locus.
      Combination of that protocol with non-specific immunosuppression, i.e. ATS
      treatment caused synergistic effect. Heart grafts in animal treated with that
      full protocol of biological immunosuppression survived for 50.8 days.

PMID- 373670
TI  - Active enhancement of dog kidney allografts using ALG and donor platelets.
AB  - The results of the studies indicate that platelets can be used as donor specific
      antigen in protocols of "biological suppression". Administration of donor
      specific platelets 10 days after transplantation to unmatched mongrel dogs
      treated for a brief period with ALG resulted in a marked prolongation of kidney
      allograft survival. Acute rejection of a second kidney from an indifferent donor
      suggests that a state of specific unresponsiveness was achieved by recipients
      pretreatment with ALG and donor antigen challenge.

PMID- 373671
TI  - Heterotopically induced bone marrow. I. Cellular composition of bone marrow
      derived from the heterotopic ossicles induced in mice by xenogeneic epithelia of
      human amnion and dog's transitional epithelium.
AB  - Following heterotopic osteogenesis by implantation of xenogeneic epithelia (FL
      and WISH cell line, transitional epithelium of dog) in mice a biogenesis of
      hemopoietic tissue among induced ossicles is observed. Precursors and mature
      forms of all types of blood cells are found in the induced bone marrow. The
      concentration of lymphocytes in the induced bone marrow is higher, and that of
      erythropoietic cells lower as compared with orthotopic femur bone marrow. The
      yield of myeloid cells varied from 0.14 to 3.61 x 10(6) cells per induced bone
      containing nodule.

PMID- 373672
TI  - Heterotopically induced bone marrow. The concentration of hemopoietic stem cells
      in the induced bone marrow and its ability to repopulate lethally irradiated
      recipients.
AB  - Bone marrow induced in mice by xenogeneic epithelia of human amnion established
      cell line and of dog transitional epithelium seems to contain hemopoietic stem
      cells in the same concentration as orthotopic bone marrow. The induced bone
      marrow is able to protect lethally irradiated syngeneic recipients when used in
      the same doses as orthotopic one.

PMID- 373673
TI  - Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of normal bone marrow transplants on
      osteopetrotic rats.

PMID- 373675
TI  - Immunogenicity of fresh and preserved cortical and cancellous allogeneic bone
      grafts as tested by modified migration inhibition test in mice.
AB  - Mice were grafted with allogeneic compact and cancellous bone. The bone used was
      fresh and preserved by either lyophilization or deep freezing. Preserved grafts
      were radiosterilized by a dose of 3.3 MRads. The immunization of recipients was
      assessed by a modified migration inhibition test based on migration of cells from
      three-dimensional clot culture. Both preservation methods seem to change bone
      immunogenicity and enhancement of migration instead of inhibition occurring in
      the case of fresh bone was noted.

PMID- 373674
TI  - Attempts of bone induction by xenogeneic epithelial cells in sublethally and
      lethally irradiated mice. Preliminary report.
AB  - Contrary to non-irradiated mice, no heterotopic bone formation was observed in
      sublethally (700 R) irradiated animals. In animals lethally irradiated (850 R)
      and protected with syngeneic bone marrow, a bone induction can be observed. The
      induction is weaker and infrequent when inducing cells are administered 2 weeks
      after irradiation and repopulation, and a cortisone was given at the time of
      epithelial cell grafting, than when the inducing cells were given immediately
      after irradiation and repopulation, and no cortisone was administered.

PMID- 373676
TI  - Preserved bone in clinical transplantation.
AB  - Results of treatment by preserved bone transplantation in 552 patients are
      presented. Analysis is based on the activity of the Central Tissue Bank in
      Warsaw. Radiation-sterilization of lyophilized bone allografts is a routine
      method used in this bank. After long term observation of patients, the importance
      of age and diagnosis for clinical results of bone transplantation are discussed.

PMID- 373678
TI  - Preparation of immune sera against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).
AB  - CEA antigen obtained by the Wroclaw team and CEA standard antigen from Chester
      Beatty Cancer Research Institute, London were used for immunization of goats. Two
      immunization methods were adopted: one with decreasing antigen doses beginning
      from 500 microgram and the other with equal, small doses of 10 microgram. Anti
      goat IgG1 + IgG2 immune serum was obtained by immunizing a horse with 10 mg of
      the antigen with complete Freund's adjuvant. Anti-CEA immune sera obtained after
      immunization with small doses were highly active; in the RIA test they showed
      half maximum CEA binding at 1:40,000 and 1:80,000 dilutions. Likewise, the anti
      IgG1 and IgG2 serum from the horse proved to be highly active.

PMID- 373677
TI  - Biological and biochemical characteristics of serum fraction effluent from
      xenografts and inhibiting leukocyte migration.
AB  - Serum effluent from the hyperacutely rejected rabbit-to-dog liver graft strongly
      inhibits migration of peripheral blood leukocytes. Fractionation of this serum on
      DEAE-Sephadex A-50 revealed the most active fraction to be that containing IgG.
      This finding supports our view that immune complexes formed during the hyperacute
      rejection of xenografts are mainly responsible for the inhibition of migration of
      peripheral blood leukocytes.

PMID- 373679
TI  - Immunochemical studies on free lipid A from Proteus mirabilis 1959.
AB  - The chemical composition and serological activity of free lipid A from Proteus
      were studied. Only two fatty acids: myristic acid and 3-hydroxymyristic acid were
      detected. When calculated for glucosamine disaccharide unit, 2 moles of ester
      linked and 1 mole of amide-linked fatty acid are present. Amino group of
      glucosaminyl residue is substituted by 3-hydroxymyristic acid. The occurence of
      an uncommon (4-aminoarabinose) substituent, attached outside the backbone, was
      noticed. The results of serological investigation indicate the great similarity
      between antigenic determinants of Proteus lipid A and Salmonella-type of lipid.

PMID- 373680
TI  - Study of antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). II. ADCC activity in
      renal graft recipients and acute accelerated graft rejection.
AB  - ADCC activity in 27 cadaver renal allograft recipients was studied. All the
      patients were given standard immunosuppressive treatment. Significant positive
      correlation between high ADCC activity during first 5 days after grafting and
      accelerated rjection crisis was found. The high positive ADCC test may signalize
      the possibility of acute accelerated rejection of renal allograft.

PMID- 373681
TI  - One-step method for direct, quick and accurate measurement of three different
      migration inhibition test modifications using the automatic image analyzer
      quantimet B.

PMID- 373682
TI  - Interferon induction in mice by uniform salt forms of Shigella sonnei
      lipopolysaccharide and its components.
AB  - Interferon-inducing capacity of uniform salts of Shigella sonnei
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS), its polysaccharide component and lipid A were compared.
      Low-molecular-weight triethylamine and ethanolamine salt forms of the
      lipopolysaccharide were most active in interferon production. It was confirmed
      that lipid part of LPS is responsible for interferon-inducing activity.

PMID- 373683
TI  - Detection of circulating immune complexes in patients with glomerulonephritis.
AB  - 143 patients were evaluated clinically on the basis of the renal biopsy. Three
      methods for detecting circulating immune complexes (CIC) were employed:
      complement consumption test, inhibition of erythrocyte antibody IgG-EA rosette
      forming test and optical density of 4% PEG precipitated sera. CIC were present in
      the sera of all patients with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (2 weeks
      after streptococcal infection of the throat). In a group of patients with chronic
      glomerulonephritis the highest values in positive results were observed in lupus
      nephritis, chronic proliferative glomerulonephritis and chronic submicroscopic
      glomerulonephritis. These results were compared with levels of total hemolytic
      complement, C3, C4 components and serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM).

PMID- 373684
TI  - Immune processes induced by dysentery bacilli in mice.
AB  - Studies on immune reactions induced by dysentery bacilli revealed that mice
      immunized orally or intravenously develop the specific general resistance against
      reinfection with the microorganisms. Antibodies circulating against bacilli were
      the indicators of humoral immune response and the activated T lymphocyte detected
      in the spleen of immunized mice were the indicators of the cell mediated
      immunity.

PMID- 373686
TI  - The protective function of cell-mediated immunity in syphilis.
AB  - Experimental evidence has been obtained to show that the cell-mediated response
      in syphilis is protective. The use of chemical immunosuppressors
      (cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil) resulted in the abolition of the cell-mediated
      response measured by the macrophage migration inhibition test (MMI test), and was
      accompanied by an enhancement in the severity of the lesions during the course of
      experimental syphilis in the rabbit. Successful adoptive transfer of resistance
      to syphilitic infection from immune donor rabbits to normal recipient rabbits
      employing lymph node lymphocytes was accomplished.

PMID- 373685
TI  - Studies on virulence of Shigella flexneri.
AB  - The antigenic structure and some biological properties were compared in virulent
      S. flexneri strains of differences in: 1) antigenic composition; 2) biochemical
      activity; 3) sensitivity to a set of Shigella phages and 4) susceptibility to
      phagocytosis. The only difference found concerned the LD50 for mice; it was 10 to
      100 times larger for avirulent than for virulent strains of S. flexneri. The
      toxic products of the strains were also compared. The lipopolisaccharide and free
      endotoxin purified from virulent and avirulent variants behaved similarly when
      tested for: LD50, pyrogenicity and the local Shwartzman reaction. A striking
      difference was demonstrated in the ultrastructure of lipopolisaccharide and free
      endotoxin isolated from virulent and avirulent variant of S. flexneri 3a.

PMID- 373687
TI  - Immunologic phenomena in herpes gestationis.
AB  - Immunofluorescence studies were performed in 12 cases of herpes gestations.
      Direct IF staining (performed in 10 of them) revealed a highly characteristic
      pattern, notably 1) Constantly BMZ deposits of complement component C3, 2) In
      most biopsy specimens also C4 and C5, 3) Deposits of C4, C5, properdin and IgG
      variable in different specimens of given patients. About half of the specimens
      examined contained properdin and about one third stained for IgG, 4) Findings of
      IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE were consistently negative, 5) Serum findings of BMZ
      antibodies in given cases were variable. In two cases circulating BMZ antibodies
      were detected in one of the samples examined. On the base of these findings it
      seems that HG is related to BP.

PMID- 373688
TI  - Subepidermal bullous disease of childhood with linear IgA deposits.
AB  - It has been shown that a group of bullous diseases of children with overlapping
      symptoms of dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and bullous pemphigoid (BP),
      characterized by linear IgA deposits in the unchanged skin, should be regarded as
      a nosological entity. From the practical point of view it seems justified to set
      apart this group because of differences in treatment.

PMID- 373689
TI  - Crithidium luciliae immunofluorescence test (CL test) a simple and reliable
      method for detecting anti-native DNA antibodies.
AB  - Antibodies directed against native DNA using Crithidium lucillae as an antigen
      substrate were demonstrated in 39 of 72 cases of systemic lupus erythematosus
      (SLE) with active lesions whereas results were negative in 42 cases of SLE during
      remission and in 69 cases of other collagenoses, and in 20 healthy subjects. A
      clearcut correlation with the peripheral type of fluorescence of anti-nuclear
      antibodies (ANA) was found in the routine method of immunofluorescence on the
      monkey esophagus. Renal lesions were present in almost all cases of SLE with
      positive results of the test for Crithidium luciliae. The new technique of
      detecting antibodies against native DNA is simple and creates new diagnostic and
      prognostic possibilities in SLE.

PMID- 373690
TI  - Cellular immunity in asbestosis.
AB  - A highly statistically significant correlation was found between asbestosis and
      impaired responsiveness in skin reaction to intermediate and second strength
      tuberculin and SK-SD. Considering ANA incidence these antibodies were found with
      higher frequency in asbestos workers who lacked a cutaneous response to the
      recall antigens. In asbestosis cases peripheral blood lymphocyte profiles are
      also abnormal demonstrating low proportions of E-RFC. Moreover, MIF test results
      showed the impairment of this cytokine generation when lymphocytes were
      stimulated with SK-SD, PPD and PHA in asbestosis cases. The lymphocyte
      transformation study documents an impaired response mainly to a lower dose of PHA
      and ConA in asbestosis cases and in asbestos workers with ANA.

PMID- 373691
TI  - Short time and prolonged low dose X radiation in human immunity.
AB  - In 172 X-ray technicians and 178 controls the occurrence of autoantibodies and
      serum immunoglobulin levels were determined. A slight and non-significant
      prevelance of autoantibodies was found in X-ray exposed women with extended
      employment. IgM levels tend to be higher in this group. X-ray technicians had
      lower proportions of E-RFC. Moreover, MIF generation is slightly impaired in X
      ray exposed people. Peripheral blood lymphocyte profiles were determined in
      patients before and after X-ray examinations. Significant drops in EAC-RFC were
      found in these people at 1 and 3 hrs after exposure. Such changes were not
      revealed in the control group. LIF was measured before and 3 hrs after X-ray
      exposure in patients, who underwent a digestive tract examination, the
      coefficients of correlation between the LIF results were weaker as compared with
      the control results.

PMID- 373692
TI  - The influence of aminoguanidine derivatives on the process of humoral and
      cellular immunogenesis.
AB  - The influence of six aminoguanidine derivatives on the process of humoral and
      cellular immunogenesis was examined. The obtained results can be presented in the
      following items: 1. Strong action inhibiting the primary humoral response was
      found in mice of Balb/c strain where the decrease of PFC number in spleen was
      from 34.8% to 96.7%; only the second preparation (D-mannose-ylidene
      aminoguanidine) (HCl) caused a significant increase of PFC number and thus, on
      the contrary, exerted the action stimulating the humoral immunological response.
      2. Among the examined preparations only three (third, fourth and fifth) showed
      the action inhibiting MIF production (the decrease within 30-50%) and only these
      three preparations caused a clear prolongation of allograft survival in the
      pattern: Balb/c-recipient, C3H-skin graft donor. 3. The clear decrease of the
      number of lymphocytes in peripheral blood was found (within 40-60%) as a result
      of administering aminoguanidine derivatives. 4. Synergism was not found to occur
      when administering jointly ALS and aminoguanidine derivatives, with the aim of
      prolonging allograft survival or inhibiting MIF production.

PMID- 373694
TI  - In vitro proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells circulating in blood of
      patients with kidney allografts.
AB  - The in vitro formation of lymphoid (L-CFU) and myeloid (GM-CFU) colonies derived
      from progenitor cells circulating in blood of patients bearing kidney allografts
      was studied upon a stimulation with PHA and Colony Stimulating Factor. In
      patients undergoing acute rejection a marked reduction of L-CFU and GM-CFU was
      found. Chronic rejection was associated with moderate impairment of GM-CFU
      proliferation, while patients with stable graft function had moderately reduced L
      CFU progenitors with normal level of GM-CFU cells.

PMID- 373693
TI  - Lymphokine-supressing cells in patients after kidney transplantation.
AB  - Streptococcal antigens elicit Leukocyte Migration Inhibitory Factor (LMIF)
      production by sensitive human lymphocytes in vitro leading to an inhibition of
      leukocyte migration in agarose plates. When mononuclear cells isolated from
      peripheral blood of healthy donors are added to the assay system, no significant
      alteration of LMIF generation occurs. Likewise, cells from patients with kidney
      allografts obtained during an uneventful postoperative course did not influence
      lymphokine synthesis. Conversely, cells isolated from patients undergoing acute
      graft rejection abolished SKSD-induced LMIF production by normal lymphocytes.
      These results support our earlier report of the existence of lymphokine
      suppressing cells in man and suggest that they may play yet poorly defined role
      in certain immunopathologic situations.

PMID- 373695
TI  - Neutrophil functions in renal transplant recipients.
AB  - Neutrophils obtained from peripheral blood of renal allograft recipients were
      studied for their ability to kill Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as
      well as to enhance intracellular metabolism measured by the reduction of NBT
      salts. In addition, the influence of sera these patients on normal cells was
      investigated. At the same time, these cells were also tested for candidacidal
      activity. The data derived from these studies indicate that phagocytic cells from
      these patients are impaired with respect to their capacity to fight the
      pathogenic microorganisms as well as their sera do not promote normal killing of
      microorganisms, while the NBT reaction is not changed significantly. Large doses
      of steroids and rejection crises do not appear to affect dramatically these
      functions, while an ATG therapy abolishes neutrophil killing ability.

PMID- 373696
TI  - Cell migration studies in human renal allograft recipients.

PMID- 373697
TI  - Lymphocyte dependent antibody (LDA) test in renal transplanted patients.
AB  - Using LDA test the presence of antibodies in patients prior to and post renal
      transplantation was studied. The relationship between the results of LDA test and
      graft rejection episodes, the treatment with large doses of prednisolone and CDC
      test performed simultaneously were analized. No correlation between results of
      LDA test prior to transplantation or its response to prednisolone treatment and
      acute rejection crises was found. The value of LDA test in predicting rejection
      episodes was not confirmed. LDA test detects antibodies 10 times more frequently
      than CDC test. The presence of cytotoxic antibodies CDC was not always connected
      with the presence of LDA and vice versa.

PMID- 373698
TI  - Introduction to Dr Charles Rob festschrift.

PMID- 373699
TI  - Innominate artery disruption due to blunt trauma.
AB  - Two patients had innominate artery disruption due to blunt trauma. Compression
      forces between the sternum and vertebral column and rotational forces were the
      mechanisms of injury. Mediastinal widening led to the diagnosis in one patient
      who underwent successful repair with preservation of cerebral flow by an aortic
      to subclavian bypass graft prior to oversewing the innominate artery. A normal
      mediastinal shadow led to a delay in diagnosis in the second patient who
      underwent surgery after the appearance of focal neurologic signs. The use of a
      temporary indwelling aortic-carotid shunt during repair did not prevent residual
      hemiparesis.

PMID- 373700
TI  - Management of surgical gastrointestinal complications in renal transplant
      recipients.
AB  - Gastrointestinal (GI) complications developed in 19 (7.2%) of 265 patients after
      renal transplantation, and 3 (16%) patients died. Complications included colon
      perforations, colonic bleeding, small-bowel infarction, pancreatitis, subphrenic
      abscess, and upper GI tract bleeding. Ulcers located in the second portion of the
      duodenum developed in six patients; four of them required operation for massive
      hemorrhage, which occurred during or immediately after the administration of high
      dose methylprednisolone for rejection. However, the association of
      methylprednisolone and colon perforation was not clear from this report. Early
      diagnosis and prompt operation for surgical-type GI complications in transplant
      recipients contribute to a low mortality.

PMID- 373701
TI  - Pseudolymphoma in renal allograft recipients.

PMID- 373702
TI  - Report of a posthumous dialogue.

PMID- 373703
TI  - Race as a risk factor in cadaver kidney transplantation.
AB  - Recipients of 93 first-cadaver kidney transplants were studied for the effect of
      recipient and donor race on graft and patient survival. Both graft and patient
      survival were lower for black recipients than for whites. The difference was not
      explained by racial mismatch between donor and recipient. Black recipients had
      more rejection episodes and more instances of bacterial pneumonia. Pretransplant
      splenectomy reduced the likelihood of rejection episodes for black recipients and
      increased their rate of graft survival.

PMID- 373704
TI  - Techniques of splenic conservation.
AB  - The scope of surgical procedures on the spleen has undergone a dramatic change in
      the past few years. Efforts directed toward splenic preservation have intensified
      with the emerging realization that sepsis is a sequela not to be ignored in
      asplenic subjects. Successful operations on splenic parenchyma require modified
      techniques of exposure and mobilization of the spleen. The segmental vasculature
      of the spleen makes possible controlled resection of traumatized or diseased
      segments of parenchyma. Hemostatic measures include the use of metal clips,
      ligation of small intrasplenic vessels, and application of topical agents for
      residual surface bleeding. With the use of such techniques, conservative splenic
      surgery is possible in minor and major splenic trauma, splenic cysts, and
      selected pathologic states in the spleen.

PMID- 373705
TI  - Early positive end-expiratory pressure in the adult respiratory distress
      syndrome.
AB  - This prospective study was designed to determine the effect of positive end
      expiratory pressure (PEEP) instituted early in the course of adult respiratory
      distress syndrome (ARDS). Seventy-nine (7%) of 1,200 patients admitted to the
      surgical intensive care unit were selected because of a high probability that
      ARDS would develop, and were randomized into two treatment groups. Of the 79
      patients, 45 were immediately treated with 5 cm H2O of end-expiratory pressure
      (early PEEP group), and 34 received PEEP only when severe hypoxemia developed
      (late PEEP group). The incidence of ARDS was significantly lower in the early
      PEEP group than in the late PEEP group (20% vs 53%; P less than .002). Fewer
      pulmonary deaths occurred in this group (11% vs 29%; P = .02), and there was less
      pulmonary morbidity. This study supports the efficacy of early low-level PEEP in
      the treatment of patients for whom there is a high probability that ARDS will
      develop.

PMID- 373706
TI  - The determination of trace levels of arsenic in human biological materials.
AB  - The authors have reviewed the techniques developed for measuring the
      concentration of total arsenic and that of some specific arsenic species (As V,
      As III, aromatic and aliphatic arsenic derivatives) in biological materials
      mainly in urine. Whether the relative concentrations of these arsenical species
      found in human urine represent their true distribution in the urine secreted by
      the kidney (possible change in valence state in the bladder mainly at alkaline
      pH, breakdown of arsenical derivatives during urine pretreatment) remains to be
      investigated further. No technique is yet available for measuring specifically
      the organoarsenic derivative(s) excreted after ingestion of marine animals. No
      available system has been found that will digest tissues without changing the
      original valence states of arsenic. Therefore only total arsenic can be measured
      with accuracy in tissue.

PMID- 373708
TI  - [Formation of human islands of Langerhans cells from the epithelium of the acini
      and ducts].
AB  - The contents of endocrine cells in the epithelium of ducts and the number of
      acino-insular elements in exocrine parenchyma and in pancreatic islets were
      estimated by means of the dotted method in semithin sections prepared from the
      pancreas of the human embryos (4--7 months of embryogenesis) and of adult persons
      (40--50 years of age). Endocrine cell formation was noted in all stages studied
      in ontogenesis. Quantitative data demonstrated that the epithelium of the ducts
      is the main source for insulocyte formation. In the pancreas of both human
      embryos and adult persons, acino-insular transformation participated in the
      formation of endocrine elements. The data obtained gave a certain evidence on
      entodermal origin of the pancreatic islets in the human pancreas.

PMID- 373709
TI  - [Current data on the morphofunctional characteristics of lymphoid follicles].

PMID- 373707
TI  - Mutagenic and alkylating metabolites of halo-ethylenes, chlorobutadienes and
      dichlorobutenes produced by rodent or human liver tissues. Evidence for oxirane
      formation by P450-linked microsomal mono-oxygenases.

PMID- 373710
TI  - [Differentiation of celomic epithelium of rudimentary gonads of the mammals and
      birds].

PMID- 373711
TI  - [History of Russian anatomical terminology].

PMID- 373712
TI  - [Nikolai Alekseevich Kurdiumov (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 373713
TI  - [Georgi Petrov Gylybov (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 373714
TI  - [Blood vessels of the pancreatic islets in different portions of the adult human
      pancreas].
AB  - The pancreatic islets and their blood vessels have been studied in the head, the
      body and the tail of the human pancreas. The following methods have been applied:
      injection, histological and quantitative estimation, graphic and plastic
      reconstruction. A rather great variability in the form of the pancreatic islets
      has been stated, with presence of one--two peculiar processes in large islets. In
      different parts of the pancreatic gland, relative volume of the endocrine
      parenchyma has been stated to be statistically greater (2.16 +/- 0.45%) in the
      caudal portion than in the head of the gland (1.31 +/- 0.26%). In every
      pancreatic islet an afferent arterial vessel is described, two types of its
      branching are determined: magistral and scattered. Relative volume of the
      pancreatic islets and morpho-functional coefficient reflecting the ratio of the
      capillary surface area to the volume of the islet capillaries in different parts
      of the pancreatic gland have been estimated.

PMID- 373715
TI  - [Variations of the immunoperoxidase technic].

PMID- 373716
TI  - [70th anniversary of the founding of the Department of Histology and Embryology
      of the N. I. Pirogov 2d Moscow Order of Lenin State Medical Institute].

PMID- 373717
TI  - [In memory of Aleksandr Avksent'evich Sushko].

PMID- 373718
TI  - [In memory of Wolfgang Bargmann].

PMID- 373720
TI  - [Brazilian Institute for Studies and Research in Gastroenterology--fifteen years
      of contribution to medical education and research].

PMID- 373719
TI  - [Reinnervation of internal organs and vessels by the neuropexy technic].
AB  - Some new data on reinnervation of organs and vessels by means of transplantation
      of vegetative ganglia and sewing of neural branches are presented. When
      transplanting the cranial cervical ganglion to a muscle, and the caudal
      mesenteric ganglion to the urinary bladder wall, some neurocytes in the periphery
      of the ganglia are preserved; simultaneously, massive outgrowth of neural fibres
      occurs in the area of transplantation. These facts are considered as formation of
      a new local innervation center of the organ "recipient". The central part of the
      dog hypogastric nerve is sewed to the renal artery, in other experiments it is
      sewed into the rectum wall. A massive regeration of neural fibres along the
      course of the renal artery and the appearance of a neural ganglion in the rectum
      wall are stated. The sewed hypogastric nerve grows thicker, especially under the
      conditions of increased functioning of the organ "recipient". In a number of
      experiments, the large otic nerve is sewed to the common carotid artery. The
      development of a young connective tissue growing into the adventitia of the
      vessel is noted. Numerous regenerating neural fibres surrounding the vessel are
      noted in this tissue. Thus, a possibility of creating new or supplementary
      innervating connections of internal organs and vessels by means of sewing to them
      sensitive nerves or vegetative ganglia is morphologically substantiated.

PMID- 373722
TI  - Meningioma with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

PMID- 373721
TI  - The microscopic characterization of multinucleated giant cells formed on
      polymeric surfaces perfused with blood.
AB  - Multinucleated, foreign body giant cells were formed by the fusion of blood
      monocytes on polymeric membranes perfused with blood during extended
      extracorporeal circulation. In the current study, heparinized blood, flowing in
      an arteriovenous shunt in a sheep, perfused polycarbonate, polypropylene and
      silicone rubber membranes of a recently developed bioartificial tissue culture
      system. The multinucleated giant cells were studied by light, scanning electron,
      and transmission electron microscopy, after membrane perfusion for periods of one
      to two weeks. The giant cells, which were the predominant cellular components of
      the blood-polymer interface layer, contained from a few to more that one hundred
      nuclei and varied in diameter up to 400 microns. The cellular interaction with
      the three membrane types was similar, although fewer mononuclear cells were
      observed adhering to the silicone rubber membrane. The presence or absence of
      micropores in the membranes had no effect on the formation of giant cells, nor
      did the presence of foreign tissue in culture behind the microporous membranes.
      High blood flow rates and chronic anticoagulation with heparin permitted
      observation of this foreign body reaction of blood independent of thrombosis.

PMID- 373723
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Argentina.

PMID- 373724
TI  - An immunohistochemical study of kallikrein in the rat parotid and exorbital
      lacrimal glands.

PMID- 373725
TI  - Tracheostoma construction with a deltopectoral flap.
AB  - We describe a technique of tracheostoma construction utilizing a deltopectoral
      flap. This method can be used when entry into the superior mediastinum and low
      tracheal resection is required.

PMID- 373727
TI  - [Our experiences about the value of laryngeal cytology (author's transl)].
AB  - Cytology is a harmless and an important examination method in laryngeal cytology.
      Cytology controlled by biopsy and histology can lead with increasing experiences
      to diagnostic consequences. In a number of our cases cytology led to an early
      laryngofissur. In all these cases histology had justified the procedure.

PMID- 373726
TI  - [The value of fine-needle-cytology, imprint-cytology and histology in the head
      neck-region (author's transl)].
AB  - Comparative studies about the fine-needle-cytology, imprint-cytology and
      histology furnished an almost complete agreement between imprint-cytology and
      histology. Suspected tumor findings by way of fine-needle-biopsy deserve the same
      place as similar histological examinations. Negative cytological results have to
      be critically evaluated. Fine-needle-cytology presents a quick and not too
      painful procedure that is both relatively free of complications and repeatable
      examination.

PMID- 373728
TI  - [Alternatives to the posterior nasal pack by Bellocq (author's transl)].
AB  - 233 cases with posterior nasal pack are compared, two third being treated with
      Foley catheter technique. Using the Bellocq technique there are 47% of bleeding
      at intervals and 9% of bleeding while using the Foley catheter. Local and general
      complications are 3.5 times lugher Bellocq technique than in Foley catheter use.

PMID- 373729
TI  - [The reconstructive use of bipedicled chest flap in cancer surgery of the neck
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 373731
TI  - [Incidence of periodontal disease in students. Evaluation done in students of Sao
      Jose dos Campos, S.P].

PMID- 373730
TI  - New parachute cuff and positive end-expiratory pressure to minimize tracheal
      injury and prevent aspiration.
AB  - A new parachute cuff has been tested in combination with a positive end
      expiratory pressure (PEEP) on mongrel dogs. During positive-pressure ventilation
      the intracuff and intratracheal pressures showed synchronous, identical pressure
      variations, and therefore theoretically with this type of cuff the pressure
      against the tracheal wall would be minimal. The cuff provided a seal against gas
      leakage from the lungs throughout the entire test period, i.e., for up to 7 h. To
      avoid aspiration of mouth contents during the passive exhalation phase, different
      amounts of PEEP were tested. A PEEP of 4.0--8.0 cm H2O always produced a seal
      against a column of fluid in the mouth exerting a hydrostatic pressure of 5.4-
      8.8 cm H2O against the cuff. This seal was maintained during the whole test
      period. No difference in sealing capacity was found when the cuff was used with a
      normal respiratory frequency (20/min) and with high-frequency positive-pressure
      ventilation (60/min). When the PEEP is eliminated, e.g., when the respirator is
      disconnected for suction of the endotracheal tube, the sealing effect will be
      abolished. As the cuff extends up into the larynx there will be no pooling of
      fluid above the cuff. The risk of aspiration can therefore be diminished by
      suction of oral cavity before disconnecting the respirator. With the use of the
      pneumatic valve principle together with high-frequency positive-pressure
      ventilation, an open respirator system can produce a continuous PEEP, thereby
      preventing aspiration even during suctioning of the tracheal tube.

PMID- 373732
TI  - [Acid etch and adhesives in dentistry. XII. A technique of the acid etch in
      periodontia, prosthetics and surgery. Conclusions].

PMID- 373734
TI  - Some observations on the diagnosis and treatment of complete denture problems.
AB  - Diagnosis of problems in the wearing of complete dentures can only be made after
      taking a complete history of the difficulties encountered by the patient. This
      necessitates careful attention whilst the patient relates the various
      difficulties. The record of these statements should be scrutinized carefully and
      this will assist in making the correct diagnosis of the cause of the
      difficulties. Specific problems encountered by elderly patients are examined and
      some methods of overcoming them are presented.

PMID- 373733
TI  - Interpretation of the whole-nerve action potential off-effect in response to tone
      bursts.
AB  - The growth of an off-effect in the whole-nerve action potential (AP) at the end
      of a tone burst is explained by means of some fundamental laws of systems theory
      applied to the available knowledge of the mechanisms of generation of the AP. The
      dependence of the amplitude and of the shape of the off-AP on the burst paradigms
      (frequency, amplitude and phase) is successfully predicted on the ground of a
      simple model for the cochlear events.

PMID- 373735
TI  - A controlled trial of cervical manipulation of migraine.
AB  - The efficacy of cervical manipulation for migraine was evaluated. In a six-month
      trial, 85 volunteers suffering from migraine were randomly allocated to three
      treatment groups. One group received cervical manipulation performed by a medical
      practitioner or by a physiotherapist, another received cervical manipulation
      performed by a chiropractor, while the control group received mobilization
      performed by a medical practitioner or by a physiotherapist. For the whole
      sample, migraine symptoms were significantly reduced. No difference in outcome
      was found between those who received cervical manipulation, performed by
      chiropractor or orthodox therapist, and those who received the control treatment.
      Chiropractic treatment was no more effective than the other two treatments in
      reducing frequency, duration or induced disability of migraine attacks, but
      chiropractic patients did report a greater reduction in pain associated with
      their attacks.

PMID- 373736
TI  - Alternative pathway of complement activation by Candida albicans.
AB  - Activation of the alternative pathway of complement by Candida albicans was
      examined using a chemotactic assay. Two serologically defined strains and eight
      clinical isolates of Candida albicans were used in these experiments. The results
      showed that all ten strains of Candida albicans were capable of alternative
      complement pathway activation. These findings may provide an insight into host
      resistance to this infection.

PMID- 373737
TI  - Statistical analysis of data from the "before-after" type of experiments.

PMID- 373738
TI  - Immune reactions in patients with bladder and prostatic cancer.
AB  - Although there are many reports of cellular immune reactions in bladder and
      prostatic carcinoma patients, few have demonstrated the presence of humoral
      reactivity. The use of microtechniques, especially the enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay (ELISA), has made sequential studies possible on patients
      with early or small tumours. Using this assay, the presence of serum antibodies
      has been demonstrated in both bladder and prostate patients, the specificities of
      these reactions being checked against a battery of different tumours and normal
      tissues. In many of the patients, with low or transient antibody levels, the
      presence of circulating immune complexes was shown by the Raji cell assay and
      analysed by double counter-current immunoelectrophoresis (DCIE). The content of
      these complexes appeared to be either antibody and tumour antigen or antibody and
      antiimmunoglobulin. In a small series of cryosurgically treated prostatic
      carcinoma patients, the course of these antibodies was monitored over several
      weeks, and the fluctuations in antibody levels were related to the presence of
      these different types of complexes.

PMID- 373739
TI  - The record of an early mercurial cure in the history of syphilis, with a case
      history of a 29-year-old white male Renaissance genius [Benvenuto Cellini].

PMID- 373740
TI  - Isolates typed by the Salmonella reference laboratory and the Escherichia coli
      serotyping laboratory during 1977.

PMID- 373742
TI  - Occurrence of Escherichia coli in feces of psittacine birds.
AB  - The feces of 125 psittacine birds, representing 12 species, were cultured on
      selective media to determine the presence of Escherichia coli. Only 13.6% (17) of
      the birds yielded E. coli.

PMID- 373741
TI  - Effects of Gal-E-mutant of Salmonella typhimurium on experimental salmonellosis
      in chickens.
AB  - Compared with unvaccinated challenged birds, day-old chicks vaccinated orally
      with live Salmonella typhimurium galactose epimerase mutant (G30D) and challenged
      orally after 14 days with a field strain of S. typhimurium had statistically
      significant reductions in fecal shedding (P less than 0.01), in salmonella
      carrier status at slaughter (P less than 0.05), in salmonella in the broiler
      house environment (P less than 0.005), and in serological response in the fourth
      week after challenge (P less than 0.005). The vaccine did not elicit a
      serological response as measured by plate, microagglutination, and
      microantiglobulin tests. The vaccine had a significant depression on live-weight
      gain which was not apparent after 6 weeks. The vaccine did not significantly
      reduce live weight at 8 weeks below that of unvaccinated control birds. The field
      strain produced an 8% reduction in live weight at 8 weeks below that of controls.
      The potential role of vaccines in salmonella control, and economic losses due to
      salmonellosis, are discussed.

PMID- 373743
TI  - Survival of Salmonella typhimurium in poultry feed and litter at three
      temperatures.
AB  - Poultry feed and litter were contaminated with a large number of Salmonella
      typhimurium cells and then stored at 11, 25, or 38 C. Samples of feed and litter
      were cultured at daily or weekly intervals. The organisms survived best at the
      two lower temperatures. Persistence was as follows: at 11 C, at least 18 months
      in both feed and litter; at 25 C, 16 months in feed and 18 months in litter; and
      at 38 C, about 40 days in feed and only 13 days in litter. Hence, samples of feed
      and litter collected for bacteriologic examination should be stored at low
      temperatures.

PMID- 373744
TI  - Studies on Pasteurella multocida. VII. Dynamics and temporal development of local
      humoral immunity induced by a live avirulent fowl cholera vaccine.
AB  - Vaccination of turkeys by administering the CU strain of Pasteurella multocida in
      drinking water induced local antibodies in the tracheal secretions. Their
      appearance and persistence were demonstrated by the indirect immunofluorescence
      technique. Local antibodies were induced by the 10th day and persisted up to the
      42nd day postvaccination, whereas none were induced by an oil-adjuvanted bacterin
      throughout the observation period (56 days). Thus, the CU strain of P. multocida
      appeared to generate a local humoral immunity in the respiratory system whereas
      the bacterin did not.

PMID- 373745
TI  - Contribution of smooth muscle to arterial wall mechanics.

PMID- 373747
TI  - [New findings on the immunology of protozoan blood parasitoses in domestic
      animals].
AB  - Intensive research in the field of the immunology of protozoan blood parasitoses
      has led to a further clarification of the interrelations between parasites and
      hosts. Progress in the analysis of the antigen character of the parasites and
      investigations of the immune response form the basis for extending serological
      diagnosis and improved vaccines. The effectiveness of the vaccines against
      babesioses could be increased. Vaccines have been tested successfully against
      tropical theileriosis and East Coast fever. It is only with African trypanosomes
      that immunoprophylaxis seems to be impossible at present.

PMID- 373746
TI  - [Corticalis-graft plasty in enchondromas of the hand].

PMID- 373748
TI  - [Cases of Aspergillus mastitis in cattle].

PMID- 373749
TI  - Oxidation--reduction potentials of molybdenum and iron--sulphur centres in
      nitrate reductase from Escherichia coli.
AB  - The potentials of the couples Mo(IV)--(Mo(V) and Mo(V)--Mo(VI) in nitrate
      reductase from Escherichia coli K12 were measured as + 180 mV and + 220 mV
      respectively at pH 7.14. The potentials associated with two other e.p.r. signals,
      believed to be due to iron--sulphur centres, were measured as + 50 mV and + 80
      mV.

PMID- 373750
TI  - Energy coupling to the transport of inorganic phosphate in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - The nature of the energy source for phosphate transport was studied in strains of
      Escherichia coli in which either one of the two major systems (PIT, PST) for
      phosphate transport was present. In the PIT system, phosphate transport is
      coupled to the proton-motive force. The energy source for the PST system appears
      to be phosphate-bond energy, as has been found in other systems involving binding
      proteins. High concentration gradients of phosphate (between 100 and 500) are
      established by both systems.

PMID- 373751
TI  - Polarization of chlorotetracycline fluorescence in pancreatic islet cells and its
      response to calcium ions and D-glucose.
AB  - Suspensions rich in pancreatic beta-cells were prepared from non-inbred ob/ob
      mice, incubated with 10 micrometer-chlorotetracycline, and analysed for
      fluorescence polarization in a microscope. Throughout the temperature range 16-
      38 degrees C, fluorescence was enhanced by 5 mM-Ca2+ in the incubation medium; 20
      mM-D-glucose decreased the fluorescence measured in the presence of Ca2+.
      Fluorescence showed a curvilinear negative regression on temperature. The curves
      were rectified to a virtually ideal degree by Arrhenius transformations of data.
      Non-parametric testing of differences between linearized regression lines forms
      the basis for the following conclusions. The temperature-dependence of
      fluorescence intensity appeared to be smaller for Ca2+-specific signals than for
      the background fluorescence of chlorotetracycline in Ca2+-deficient cells. D
      Glucose significantly diminished the polarization of fluorescence in cells
      incubated with Ca2+. It is suggested that D-glucose increases the mobility of
      Ca2+ in beta-cell plasma membranes; this mobility increase may help to explain
      previously reported effects of D-glucose on 45Ca2+ fluxes and membrane electric
      potential.

PMID- 373752
TI  - Glucose transport of Escherichia coli growing in glucose-limited continuous
      culture.
AB  - Dilute cultures of wild-type Escherichia coli K12 and of derivatives impaired in
      one or other Enzyme-II component of the glucose phosphotransferase system were
      grown in continuous culture under glucose limitation. Cells harvested from the
      chemostat took up [U-14C]glucose from 0.1 mM solutions at rates directly related
      to the rates at which those cells had grown; the activity of the
      phosphotransferase system in those cells, rendered permeable with optimal
      accounts of toluene, parallels the ability of the cells to take up glucose. The
      capacity of these systems was rate-limiting for growth under the negligibly low
      glucose concentration in the chemostat, but was adequate to account for the
      stimulation of respiration observed when the cells were presented suddenly with
      excess glucose.

PMID- 373754
TI  - Prophage P2 does not kill recB bacteria.

PMID- 373753
TI  - Thermosensitive cell growth and permeability coded by an Rts1 plasmid and their
      suppression upon integration into the chromosome in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 373755
TI  - Cell localization of aldolase fetal isozymes in rat regenerating liver:
      differences with hepatoma.

PMID- 373756
TI  - Crystallisation of tRNALeuCUG from Escherichia coli after purification with
      hydroxyapatite.

PMID- 373758
TI  - Distribution of hexokinase isoenzymes depending on a carbon source in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 373757
TI  - Differential effect of Ca+2 on the translation of yeast mitochondrial and some
      viral RNA'S in an E.coli cell-free system.

PMID- 373759
TI  - Microcalorimetric study of glutamine fixation on the glutamine-binding protein of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 373760
TI  - Evidence for a 5' leads to 3' direction of hydrolysis by a 5' mononucleotide
      producing exoribonuclease from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 373761
TI  - On the effect of rfe mutation on the biosynthesis of the 08 and 09 antigens of E.
      coli.

PMID- 373762
TI  - New analogs of luliberin which inhibit ovulation in the rat.

PMID- 373764
TI  - Reversal of palmitoyl coenzyme A-caused inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase by polyamines.

PMID- 373763
TI  - Inhibition effect of rosette formation between human lymphocytes and sheep
      erythrocytes by specific heptapeptide isolated from uremic fluid and its analogs.

PMID- 373765
TI  - Ozonization of the tryptophyl residue in tryptophanase.

PMID- 373766
TI  - Amino acid substitution of mating factor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae structure
      activity relationship.

PMID- 373767
TI  - The redox state and regulation of amino acid metabolism in man.
AB  - Traditionally, regulation of amino acid metabolism in both postabsorptive and
      prolonged-fasted man has been generally regarded as being hormonal in nature. In
      particular, insulin, and to a lesser extent glucagon, have been nominated for key
      roles in this process. More recently, however, reconsideration of previous
      studies involving insulin, glucagon, and protein meals as well as previously
      unreported studies (cortisol and tri-iodothyronine) from this laboratory, have
      suggested another means of regulating amino acid metabolism in fasting man. This
      new hypothesis is centered on the redox state of muscle of fasting man, which is
      remarkably reduced in both cytosolic and mitochondrial compartments. It was found
      that insulin, and to a lesser extent glucagon, when infused into fasting subjects
      (1) rendered muscle significantly more reduced, and (2) resulted in a diminution
      in urinary nitrogen excretion. In contrast, when either tri-iodothyronine or
      cortisol were administered to fasting individuals (1) muscle was found to become
      more oxidized when compared with the control period, and (2) increased urinary
      nitrogen excretion was observed in both cases. It was noteworthy that the
      ingestion of a protein meal by a nitrogen-depleted individual was followed by a
      dramatic change in muscle redox state (the muscle became more reduced), together
      with marked uptakes of a variety of amino acids. It is therefore proposed that
      the protein conservation evidenced by fasting man may be dependent on the reduced
      state of muslce tissue.

PMID- 373768
TI  - Control of hepatic glucose output by glucagon and insulin in the intact dog.
AB  - The regulation of hepatic glucose production by glucagon and insulin has been
      studied in the intact dog. An attempt has been made to evaluate the role of basal
      physiological concentrations of the hormones in the regulation of glycogenolysis
      and gluconeogenesis. Somatostatin was infused continuously into postabsorptive
      dogs to inhibit the secretion of both glucagon and insulin. Either or both
      hormones were then replaced intraportally by continuous infusion as desired. The
      main observations were as follows. (1) When both hormones were simultaneously
      replaced for periods up to 4.5h, plasma insulin and glucagon concentrations,
      total glucose output (glycogenolysis plus gluconeogenesis), glucose utilization
      and the plasma glucose concentration closely matched the same parameters in 0.9%
      NaCl-infused controls. (2) When glucagon alone was infused, thereby creating a
      selective insulin deficiency, glucose output (primarily glycogenolysis) rapidly
      increased by as much as threefold. Glycogenolytic glucose production then fell
      off progressively and returned to the control value within 4h. The gluconeogenic
      conversion of [14C]alanine and [14C]lactate into [14C]glucose was stimulated
      markedly and increased progressively throughout the test period. Glucagon
      therefore converted the liver from an organ largely dependent on glycogenolysis
      for glucose production to one heavily dependent on gluconeogenesis. The potent
      inhibitory effect of basal insulin on postabsorptive glucose output was also
      clearly apparent. (3) When insulin alone was infused, thereby creating a
      selective glucagon deficiency, glucose output (glycogenolysis) fell abruptly by
      about 30% and remained decreased. Gluconeogenesis also decreased (20%) after the
      selective removal of both insulin and glucagon, but it only remained suppressed
      for 1h. The low glucose output led to a modest fall in the blood glucose
      concentration. Thus glucagon plays an important role in maintaining basal glucose
      production. (4) When insulin was infused and the plasma glucose was kept at its
      control concentration by infusion of glucose in similar experiments to the above,
      the hepatic output of glucose fell by as much as 75%. This demonstrates the
      presence of a glucagon-independent metabolic reflex triggered by a low plasma
      glucose concentration, the purpose of which is to maintain glucose output at a
      rate capable of preventing castastrophic hypoglycaemia.

PMID- 373769
TI  - Regulation of pyruvate oxidation and the conservation of glucose.
AB  - In animals the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction is mainly responsible for the
      irreversible loss of glucose carbon by oxidation. Regulation of this reaction is
      shown to be a major determinant of glucose conservation in starvation and
      diabetes. Estimates of conservation in man in starvation and diabetes are
      reviewed. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is inhibited by products of its
      reactions; it is also regulated by a phosphorylation-dephosphorylation cycle
      catalysed by a kinase intrinsic to the complex and by a more loosely associated
      phosphatase. Inactivation is largely accomplished by phosphorylation of the
      tetrameric decarboxylase component (alpha2beta2) to alpha2Pbeta2. Complete
      phosphorylation produces the (alpha2P3)beta2 form. Both forms are completely
      reactivated by phosphatase action but the initial rate of reactivation of a
      complex containing alpha2Pbeta2 is approximately three times that of
      (alpha2P3)beta2. The proportion of active (dephosphorylated) complex is decreased
      in rat tissues by starvation and diabetes and in perfused rat heart by oxidation
      of fatty acids and ketone bodies. In adipose tissue in vitro, insulin increases
      the proportion of active complex and lipolytic hormones may decrease this
      proportion. It is suggested that rates of oxidation of lipid fuels may be a major
      determinant of the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase in tissues in relation to
      the actions of insulin and lipolytic hormones and the effects of diabetes and
      starvation. Phosphorylation and inactivation of the complex are enhanced by high
      mitochondrial ratios of [acetyl-CoA]/[CoA], [ATP]/[ADP], [NADH]/[NAD+] and low
      concentrations of pyruvate, Mg2+ and Ca2+, and vice versa.

PMID- 373770
TI  - Metabolite pattern of valproic acid. Part I: gaschromatographic determination of
      the valproic acid metabolite artifacts, heptanone-3, 4- and 5-hydroxyvalproic
      acid lactone.

PMID- 373771
TI  - Effects of domperidone (R 33812) on the motor function of the stomach and small
      intestine. A double-blind evaluation.

PMID- 373772
TI  - [Comparative study on the efficacy of diflucortolone valerate in the psoriasis
      plaque test (author's transl)].
AB  - Diflucortolone valerate was administered to 35 psoriatic patients of both sexes
      in 0.3% concentration as a W/O emulsion in comparison with various commercially
      available preparations to study its action in the psoriasis plaque test according
      to Scholtz and Dumas. The study showed the test substance to be equipotent with
      the halcinonide, clobetasol-17-propionate and desoximetasone preparations and
      significantly superior to those containing betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate,
      betamethasone-17-valerate and fluocinonide.

PMID- 373773
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of sodium valproate in dog and mouse.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of sodium di-n-propyl-acetate (sodium valproate, Ergenyl)
      after i.v. and oral administration in dogs and mice were studied. After i.v.
      administration of 20 and 40 mg/kg sodium valproate in dogs a biphasic exponential
      decay of valproate serum concentrations was found, so that a two-compartment open
      model could be assumed. With mice a monophasic exponential decay of valproate
      serum concentrations was found after i.v. administration of 200 and 420 mg/kg
      sodium valproate corresponding to a one-compartment open model. Valproate was
      rapidly eliminated in both species, the half-life being 90--120 min in dogs (T0.5
      beta) and 50 min in mice. After oral administration, valproate was readily
      absorbed in both species. The transfer of valproate from blood to brains of mice
      was likewise rapid, and the observed concentrations in brain were 1/4 to 1/5 of
      that in serum. The binding of valproate to serum proteins determined in dog serum
      was calculated to 88%. The pKa of valproate was determined to 4.56 and valproate
      is, therefore, nearly lipid-insoluble at pH 7.4.

PMID- 373774
TI  - On the mechanism of amphetamine-induced behavioural changes in the mouse. II.
      Effects of agents stimulating noradrenergic receptors.
AB  - The effects of three "noradrenergic stimulants", norepinephrine and alpha
      methylnorepinephrine administered into the cerebral ventricles and of
      parenterally injected clonidine, have been observed on 18 separate items of
      dexamphetamine-induced behaviour in the mouse. Stereotyped behaviour was
      depressed by the "noradreneric stimulants" except for compulsive gnawing, which
      was markedly enhanced. Aspects of locomotor activity were enhanced except when
      compulsive gnawing was strong, at which time they were suppressed. Elements of
      heightened arousal were enhanced. It is suggested that these may be a positive
      noradrenergic component in the genesis of compulsive gnawing, locomotor activity
      and heightened arousal. The dominance of compulsive gnawing over certain other
      dexamphetamine-induced behaviours may lead indirectly to the suppressor effects
      of the noradrenergic stimulants on these behaviours.

PMID- 373775
TI  - [Isosorbide dinitrate and bupranolol in the therapy of coronary heart disease
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Sixteen patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and three healthy volunteers
      were treated with a combination of a long-acting nitrite and a beta-receptor
      blocking agent. The drug proved effective in diminishing haemodynamic changes
      after physical and mental stress, respectively. The implications of these
      findings are discussed in the light of recent knowledge on CHD pathogenetic
      mechanisms.

PMID- 373777
TI  - [Clinical results in the treatment of chronic obstructive bronchitis with
      ambroxol in comparison with bromhexine (author's transl)].
AB  - Preclinical studies of trans-4-[(2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzyl)-amino]-cyclohexanol
      hydrochloride (ambroxol, NA 872), the metabolite VIII of bromhexine, show that it
      is superior to the basic substance with respect to its bronchosecretolytic
      properties. In a double blind study 30 patients suffering from chronic
      obstructive bronchitis received in randomized order 36 mg bromhexine/d or 45 mg
      ambroxol/d, each over a period of 4 weeks. The following parameters were studied:
      mean bronchial flow resistance, forced expiratory volume, static lung volumes,
      arterial blood gases as well as clinical and laboratory results. Bromhexine was
      not associated with a change in lung function parameters. Ambroxol was associated
      with a 25% reduction of the average bronchial flow resistance. The forced
      expiratory volume improved over the period on the average by 14%. Patients with
      slight arterial hypoxemia had an increase in the partial pressure of arterial
      oxygen. The patients found both substances facilitated expectoration. Further
      studies appear necessary to confirm the improved respiratory performance under
      the influence of ambroxol.

PMID- 373776
TI  - [The effect of an oral aminophylline compound with protracted activity on
      respiratory resistance and blood gases in obstructive respiratory diseases
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of theophylline ethylenediamine oblong tablets (Euphyllin retard) was
      tested in 40 patients by means of a double-blind trial, applying a dose of 2 X
      350 mg/d and 2 X 700 mg/d. At the dose of 2 X 700 mg/d Euphyllin retard showed a
      good bronchodilatory effect. A reduction of the obstruction in the airways and an
      improvement of the arterial blood gases was statistically secured. At the dose of
      2 X 350 mg/d a sufficient bronchodilation could not be recorded.

PMID- 373779
TI  - The leakage of root fillings using glass ionomer cement and other materials.

PMID- 373778
TI  - [The respirophonogram as a means of drug screening (author's transl)].
AB  - Respirophonography is an objective method of measuring respiratory and
      adventicious sounds. Current techniques make a perfect, albeit somewhat tedious
      registering of these respiratory murmurs possible, which can then be analysed for
      frequency. In this paper the method is investigated for its applicability to drug
      screening and proved satisfactory in a double blind trial and a pilot study.
      During treatment with secretolytic drugs the pathological respiratory sounds
      change or cease. In the respirophonogram this is recognisable by the fact that
      the volume peaks are either displaced to another frequency area or that they
      disappear altogether. The frequency range 100--500 Hz is the most significant as
      far as the respiratory murmurs are concerned. The concepts familiar to the
      clinician experienced in auscultation are set out in an unaccustomed way in the
      frequency-volume diagram. The respirophonogram offers the advantage that it can
      be documented and that findings can therefore be compared objectively. From the
      point of view of the clinician respirophonography is despite its far reaching
      perfection already attained, still technically in a preliminary stage.

PMID- 373780
TI  - Some properties of a glass ionomer cement.

PMID- 373781
TI  - Figure of "eight" suture for inversion of appendicular stump.

PMID- 373782
TI  - Serological aspects of rat tumour xenograft growth in athymic nude mice.
AB  - The serum of athymic nude mice bearing rat tumour xenografts has been examined
      for tumour-specific antigen. With a sarcoma and a hepatoma, tumour-specific
      antigen expression continued in xenograft growths, and sera of tumour-bearing
      mice contained free antigen, assayed by its ability to neutralise reactivity of
      tumour-immune rat sera against tumour target cells in an indirect membrane
      immunofluorescence test. In contrast, no anti-rat antibody was detectable in sera
      of mice bearing the xenografts, or rejecting cells injected in admixture with
      BCG.

PMID- 373783
TI  - Legionnaires' disease: a clinical description of thirteen cases.
AB  - We describe 13 patients with legionnaires' disease in Nottingham, all presenting
      with lobar pneumonia. Six patients required artificial ventilation and 2 died. No
      common source of infection has yet been identified, but the disease appears to be
      prevalent and possibly endemic in this city.

PMID- 373784
TI  - Horace Joules and the Central.

PMID- 373785
TI  - Horace Joules and the hope of prevention [proceedings].

PMID- 373786
TI  - Fenoterol in asthma.
AB  - Fenoterol is a beta 2-sympathomimetic bronchodilator. In a double-blind cross
      over trial in 17 asthmatic patients with reversible airway obstruction inhalation
      of both fenoterol (0.4 mg) and terbutaline (0.5 mg) produced a statistically
      significant greater increase in peak expiratory flow rate than did placebo. The
      magnitude and duration of response to fenoterol exceeded that to terbutaline in
      the doses used. The patients' subjective assessment also suggested the relief of
      their symptoms with the active drugs. Side effects were minimal.

PMID- 373787
TI  - Localization of specific carbohydrate configurations in human skin using
      fluorescein-labelled lectins.
AB  - The binding of three fluorescein-labelled lectins by normal human skin has been
      studied. The patterns of bound fluorescence seen were characteristic for each
      lectin, indicating that saccharide residues were available for lectin
      localization in the skin. Concanavalin A (glucose and mannose specific) and ricin
      120 (galactose specific) presented similar patterns of localization of
      fluorescence in the epidermis and dermis. Both lectins presented a continuous
      band at the dermo--epidermal junction, but with concanavalin A the band was
      broader, while with ricin 120 the junctional band was thinner and more closely
      associated with the epidermal interface. With the peanut lectin (galactose
      specific) fluorescence outlined the periphery of the keratinocytes in the upper
      Malpighian and granular cell layers only; no junctional band was seen and the
      dermal appendages and collagen did not fluoresce. The stratum corneum did not
      fluoresce with any of the lectins studied.

PMID- 373788
TI  - Erasmus Wilson and the chair of pathology at Aberdeen.

PMID- 373789
TI  - Charles Wilfred Mackenzie.

PMID- 373790
TI  - The role of hypercoagulability in thrombosis.

PMID- 373791
TI  - Formation of transcobalamin II--vitamin B12 complex by guinea-pig ileal mucosa in
      organ culture after in vivo incubation with intrinsic factor--vitamin B12.
AB  - The in vivo incubation of intrinsic factor--[57Co]vitamin B12 in an ileal loop of
      a guinea-pig followed by in vitro culturing of segments of the ileum for 180 min
      has been used to study the transepithelial transport of vitamin B12. Analysis of
      the solubilized supernate of mucosa following the in vivo phase demonstrated that
      44% of the [57Co]vitamin B12 was bound to intrinsic factor (IF), 26% was free,
      and 16% was bound to transcobalamin II (TCII). Following culture, similar
      analysis demonstrated that 18% of the vitamin was now bound to IF, 49% was free,
      and 35% ws bound to TCII. In the culture medium, 54% of the [57Co]vitamin B12 was
      free and 37% was bound to TCII. The formation of TCII-[57Co]vitamin B12 did not
      occur if homogenized mucosa was incubated with free[57Co]vitamin B12, but it did
      form in cultures of ileal segments from animals given an excess of unlabelled
      vitamin to saturate all circulating TCH, and in the medium containing puromycin.
      Indirect immunofluorescence using chicken anti-TCII demonstrated that TCII was
      associated with the mucosal cells of both the ileum and jejunum.  These studies
      demonstrate that following transepithelial flux of vitamin B12 through the ileal
      mucosa, the vitamin becomes coupled to TCII. This coupling requires a
      structurally intact mucosa and the source of the TCII appears to be the ileal
      mucosal cell rather than unsaturated TCII circulating in the blood.

PMID- 373792
TI  - A randomized double-blind trial of two low dose combined oral contraceptives.
AB  - Fifty-five women using Loestrin-20 (20 microgram ethinyl oestradiol and 1 mg
      norethisterone acetate) as an oral contraceptive have been compared with a like
      number using Microgynon-30 (30 microgram ethinyl oestradiol and 150 microgram
      levonorgestrel) in a randomized, double-blind trial. Despite the small sample
      size, the main finding in the trial is clear-cut; Loestrin-20 provides poor cycle
      control and is thus less acceptable as an oral contraceptive than Microgynon-30.
      Although there is also a suggestion that Loestrin-20 may be less effective than
      Microgynon-30, the difference in the accidental pregnancy rates is not
      statistically significant.

PMID- 373794
TI  - Keratoplasty sensitivity.
AB  - Analysis of graft sensitivity showed a return to normal after 3 years in only one
      third of the eyes. It is not known whether this is due to regeneration of
      abnormal or superficial nerve fibres. Contact lens wearers showed less
      sensitivity than spectacle wearers.

PMID- 373795
TI  - Keratoconus keratoplasty curvatures and contact lens wear.
AB  - Fifty-three grafted keratoconus corneas chosen at random from several hundred
      operated upon over a 10-year period showed an increase in myopia after removal of
      sutures but a decrease in astigmatism. With the photoelectrokeratograph machine
      the spherical zone was shown to be limited to 3 mm with gross eccentricities.
      Half the patients chose to wear contact lenses after surgery and 10% had no
      correction. Contact lens wearers showed a much greater decrease in astigmatism
      than spectacle wearers.

PMID- 373793
TI  - Normocapnic anaesthesia for intraocular surgery.
AB  - Measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) by applanation tonometry in 23 patients
      undergoing lens extraction showed that a normocapnic general anaesthetic
      technique with controlled ventilation of the lungs (IPPV) reliably reduced the
      IOP by 50% for the duration of the operative period. This was not associated with
      large falls in systemic arterial pressure which are often a feature of
      spontaneously breathing halothane anaesthesia for eye surgery. Normocapnia and
      IPPV were easy to achieve by use of the single-limb coaxial Bain anaesthetic
      breathing circuit in conjunction with an electrically driven, small, and
      inexpensive ventilator while the anesthetic mixture of 33% oxygen and 0.5%
      halothane in nitrous oxide was delivered at a rate of 70 ml/kg body weight per
      minute.

PMID- 373796
TI  - Subunit interaction in tryptophan synthase of Escherichia coli: calorimetric
      studies on association of alpha and beta 2 subunits.
AB  - Association of the apo-beta 2 and the holo-(beta-PLP)2 subunits of tryptophan
      synthase from Escherichia coli (L-serine hydro-lyase (adding indole) (EC
      4.2.1.20)) with alpha subunits of the same enzyme has been studied by
      microcalorimetry. The results obtained from thermometric titrations clearly
      demonstrate that only the native complex alpha2beta 2 is formed, independent of
      an excess of alpha protein. The reaction of the holo-(beta-PLP)2 with alpha
      subunits at 25 degrees C is accompanied by a negative enthalpy change, which is
      almost twice as large as that for complex formation with the apo-beta 2 protein,
      thus indicating that the interaction enthalpy becomes more favorable in the
      presence of the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). Both reaction enthalpies
      show very large negative temperature coefficients, -3600 +/- 100 cal K-1 (Mol of
      beta 2)-1 being the value for the formation of the apoenzyme and -2300 +/- 100
      cal K-1 (mol of beta 2)-1 pertaining to formation of the holoenzyme. The studies
      on the association of alpha and beta2 subunits in the two buffers revealed that
      at 25 degrees C approximately 0.75 proton are absorbed in the presence and
      absence of the coenzyme, whereas at 35 degrees C one proton is taken up from the
      solution when PLP is present, but two if the apo-beta 2 complex reacts. These
      results are a clear indication of energetic linkage between intersubunit
      interaction, hydrogen ion equilibria, and the binding of the coenzyme.

PMID- 373797
TI  - Conformation of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein L7/L12 in solution:
      hydrodynamic, spectroscopic, and conformation prediction studies.
AB  - The conformation of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein L7/L12 in solution has
      been studied using spectroscopic and hydrodynamic methods. Circular dichroism
      studies in the near-ultraviolet region reveal two bands at 262 and 268 nm
      originating from the tertiary conformational environment of the phenylalanyl
      residues. Additional characterization of the phenylalanine environment includes
      an intrinsic fluorescence emission spectrum arising from the phenylalanine
      fluorophores. Computer analysis of the far-ultraviolet circular dichroism
      spectrum suggests that L7/L12 contains as much as approximately 76% alpha helix.
      Hydrodynamic properties of L7/L12, measured with the purpose of providing
      relevant shape information, include the frictional coefficient ratio (1.84 +/-
      0.03) and intrinsic viscosity (28 +/- 0.4 mL/g). The experimentally determined
      frictional coefficient (6.15 +/- 0.15 X 10(-8) has been compared with theoretical
      calculations of the same value employing two independent methods and assuming
      various dimensions for the L7/L12 dimer. Combining the experimental results from
      this work with those available from the literature, and using conformation
      predictive methods of Chou & Fasman [P. Y. Chou & G. D. Fasman (1974)
      Biochemistry 13, 211-222, 222-245] and of Maxfield & Scheraga (F. R. Maxfield &
      H. A. Scheraga (1976) Biochemistry 15, 5138-5153), several possible molecular
      models of the L7/L12 dimer have been constructed and critically examined. A model
      which is consistent with all of the available data is proposed.

PMID- 373798
TI  - Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase of Escherichia coli K 10. Multiple enzyme-aminoacyl
      tRNA complexes as a consequence of substrate specificity.
AB  - The interaction between Phe-tRNA(Phe) or other acyl-tRNA derivatives thereof and
      phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase of Escherichia coli K 10 has been investigated by
      nonequilibrium dialysis, by fluorescence titration in the presence of 2-p
      toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate, by the kinetics of the aminoacylation of
      tRNA(Phe), and by the kinetics of the catalytic hydrolysis of Phe-tRNA(Phe). Phe
      tRNA(Phe), or derivatives thereof, forms two types of complexes with the
      synthetase. One type involves the attachment of the phenylalanyl moiety to the
      phenylalanine-specific site of the enzyme, and the other type, to the tRNA(Phe)
      specific binding site. They resemble alternative modes of a destabilized enzyme
      product complex and are predicted on the basis of thermodynamic considerations.
      The two modes of binding of acyl-tRNA compete with each other. The attachment of
      Phe-tRNA(Phe) to the phenylalanine-specific site dominates. At equilibrium, this
      complex is present at a fourfold higher concentration than the other type of
      complex. The HNO2 deaminated Phe-tRNA(Phe) binds exclusively to the site specific
      for L-phenylalanine. On the contrary, Ile-tRNA(Phe) adds at 94.1% to the
      tRNA(Phe)-specific site. The association of Phe-tRNA(Phe) with this site leads to
      enzymatic hydrolysis into L-phenylalanine and tRNA(Phe). The complex involving
      the phenylalanine-specific site is hydrolytically unproductive. L-Phenylalanine
      acts as an activator of the hydrolysis by occupying the amino acid specific site
      and by shifting the equilibrium between the complexes toward the binding ot Phe
      tRNA(Phe) at the tRNA(Phe)-specific site. The association of Phe-tRNA(Phe) at the
      phenylalanine-specific site does not interfere sterically with the binding of
      free tRNA(Phe). The sequential addition of free and aminoacylated tRNA(Phe)
      exhibits negative cooperativity. Such a mechanism could help to expel the product
      from the enzyme.

PMID- 373799
TI  - Selective inhibition of the polymerase activity of DNA polymerase. I. Further
      evidence for separate active sites for polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease
      activities.

PMID- 373800
TI  - Complete nuclear magnetic resonance signal assignments and initial structural
      studies of [13C]methyl-enriched transfer ribonucleic acid.

PMID- 373801
TI  - Study of the cytoplasmic and outer membranes of Escherichia coli by deuterium
      magnetic resonance.
AB  - The cytoplasmic and outer membranes of Escherichia coli were studied between 0
      and 40 degrees C by deuterium magnetic resonance quadrupolar echo spectroscopy.
      The L51 strain of E. coli was used to incorporate perdeuterated palmitic acid
      into the membrane phospholipids. The cytoplasmic and outer membranes were
      separated using standard techniques. The spectrum of each membrane preparation
      was dominated at high temperatures (greater than or equal to 37 degrees C) by the
      characteristic liquid-crystalline plateau previously observed for perdeuterated
      palmitate chains in model phospholipid membranes. At low temperatures, the shape
      and width of the spectrum were characteristic of the gel phase. The relative
      intensities of the liquid-crystalline and gel features varied systematically with
      temperature. A quantitative analysis of the acyl chain orientational order was
      carried out by using the method of moments. The orientational order at each
      temperature was greater in the outer membrane sample than in that of the
      cytoplasmic membrane, indicating that the liquid-crystalline-gel transition
      region in the outer membrane is shifted to higher temperatures than that of the
      cytoplasmic membrane by about 7 degrees C. It is clear from the results that most
      of the phospholipid molecules participate in the phase transition.

PMID- 373802
TI  - Mechanistic studies with vinylglycine and beta-haloaminobutyrates as substrates
      for cystathionine gamma-synthetase from Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Cystathionine gamma-synthetase (EC 4.2.99.9), a key enzyme in bacterial
      methionoine biosynthesis, has been found to use L-vinylglycine (2-amino-3
      butenoate) and L-beta-haloaminobutyrates (X = F, Cl) as substrates in addition to
      the physiological gamma-substituted substrate O-succinyl-L-homoserine (OSHS).
      Vinylglycine is a substrate both for alpha-ketobutyrate formation (the normal
      product from gamma elimination with OSHS) and for cystathionine formation (the
      normal gamma-replacement product with OSHS) in the presence of cysteine. This
      behavior substantiates that the stabilized vinylglycine--pyridoxal phosphate
      (PLP) alpha carbanion is the key partitioning species in this enzyme's catalysis.
      The Vmax values for ketobutyrate production and cystathonine formation from
      vinylglycine are equivalent at approximately 45 U/mg, whereas the corresponding
      Vmax values from OSHS are 20 and 200 U/mg, respectively, suggesting different
      rate-determining steps with these two substrates. The beta-haloaminobutyrates
      undergo catalyzed HX elimination to yield bound aminocrotonate--PLP directly as a
      an initial intermediate and as a precursor of ketobutyrate. Little or no
      cystathionine formation is detectable when these substrates are incubated with
      enzyme and the normal cosubstrate cysteine, strongly indicating that the
      aminocrotonate--PLP intermediate is not in rapid, reversible equilibrium with the
      stabilized vinylglycine--PLP carbanion; in normal catalysis, the prototropic
      shift from alpha carbanion to aminocrotonate appears functionally unidirectional.
      The HX-elimination step from beta-chloroaminobutyrate is nonconcerted as
      demonstrated by a 3H2O in equilibrium chloroaminobutyrate exchange reaction.
      Further suggestion for discrete beta-halo-alpha-carbanionic intermediates derives
      from the observation that the haloaminobutyrates appear to a partition between
      ketobutyrate formation and enzyme inactivation. Since neither vinylglycine nor
      OSHS causes any detectable inactivation during turnover, it is likely that the
      inactivation species is not a common intermediate, i.e., the electrophilic
      aminocrotonate--PLP species (a potential Michael acceptor), but rather a species
      peculiar to the beta-haloaminobutyrate pathway. The beta-halo-alpha-carbanion-
      PLP intermediate has beta-halo-alpha-iminodihydropyridine character in the p
      quinoid resonance contributor and is a good candidate for an alkylating agent by
      an SN2--displacement mechanism. Spectroscopic analyses of incubations with the
      various amino acid substrates show a number of long-wavelength absorbing species
      forming during turnover, tentative assignments are suggested.

PMID- 373803
TI  - Small angle x-ray scattering from the inner and outer membranes from Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Small angle X-ray data from purified forms of inner or cytoplasmic and outer
      membranes from Escherichia coli have been obtained and appear to be qualitatively
      similar. Transitory changes are apparent in the circularly averaged X-ray
      profiles from inner membranes. Such results could be due to the loss or
      denaturation of peripheral membrane proteins. Some partially dried forms of outer
      membrane are partly ordered and produce diffraction patterns which support an
      underlying bilayer structure. An extra light membrane fraction which results from
      membrane preparations utilizing a French pressure cell for spheroplast disruption
      has been characterized and shown to be similar to inner membrane. The purified
      membranes produce small angle X-ray diffraction patterns which are much different
      from those of lipid dispersions and the differences are attributable to the high
      protein content of the intact membranes. While the small angle X-ray region may
      be useful for characterizing the membrane preparations, the paucity of detail in
      the diffraction pattern suggest that it will be of little value in describing the
      complex underlying membrane structure.

PMID- 373804
TI  - Specificity of chromatin transcription in vitro. Anomalies due to RNA-dependent
      RNA synthesis.
AB  - In the presence of Mn2+, globin mRNA can be transcribed into a partial RNA copy
      by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. This process also occurs when the mRNA is
      transcribed together with chromatin. A fraction, at least, of the newly
      synthesized RNA copy (anti-globin RNA) can serve as a template for the synthesis
      of globin sequences of the same polarity as the original mRNA. This process is
      sufficient to explain the specific synthesis of a subset of the globin RNA on
      mouse foetal liver chromatin. It also accounts for the synthesis of double
      stranded RNA sequence by E. coli RNA polymerase, on chromatin as well as on pure
      mRNA. Results are presented suggesting that the poly(A) tract of the mRNA could
      be preferentially transcribed. In the presence of Mg2+, the RNA-dependent
      transcription is strongly inhibited, as well as the synthesis of double-stranded
      RNA. Under these conditions, the transcription on chromatin appears to be largely
      DNA dependent, and the synthesis of globin sequences is completely asymmetric.
      Spermine (0.3 mM) seems to improve the specificity of transcription. The
      transcription of chromatin in vitro is thus largely dependent on the nature of
      the divalent cation present in the in the incubation mixture.

PMID- 373805
TI  - DNA synthesis with methylated poly(dC-dG) templates. Evidence for a competitive
      nature to miscoding by O(6)-methylguanine.
AB  - The alternating copolymer poly(dC-dG) has been methylated with either dimethyl
      sulphate or N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and the levels of the various methylation
      products determined. In addition to the 3-methylcytosine, 3-methylguanine and 7
      methylguanine (produced by both agents) reaction with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea also
      yielded easily detectable amounts of O(6)-methylguanine and phosphotriesters.
      These methylated polymers were then used as templates in an in vitro assay with
      Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I measuring the incorporation of complementary
      (dCMP and dGMP) and noncomplementary (dAMP and dTMP) nucleotides. When the
      dimethyl sulphate-methylated polymer was used as template there was virtually no
      detectable incorporation of non-complementary nucleotides indicating that no
      miscoding could be attributed to the presence of 3-methylcytosine, 3
      methylguanine or 7-methylguanine. However, when the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea
      methylated polymer was used as template there was a specific incorporation of
      dTMP but not of dAMP. The amount of dTMP incorporated was always less than the
      level of O(6)-methylguanine in the template and was found to vary with the
      relative concentrations of the deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates in the assay. As
      the amount of dCTP present in the assay was decreased the wrong incorporation of
      dTMP increased and approached the level that would have been expected for a one
      to-one miscoding by O(6)-methylguanine as the concentration of dCTP approached
      zero. The results indicate that O(6)-methylguanine is capable of miscoding with a
      DNA polymerase but the miscoding is competitive with the normal incorporation of
      dCMP: when the 5'-triphosphate precursors are present in equal amounts
      approximately one O(6)-methylguanine in three miscodes leading to the
      incorporation of dTMP.

PMID- 373806
TI  - Glycerol 3-phosphate analogues as metabolic inhibitors in Escherichia coli, 3
      hydroxy-4-oxobutyl-1-phosphonate, a drug that interferes with normal
      phosphoglyceride metabolism.
AB  - 3-Hydroxy-4-oxobutyl-1-phosphonate, the phoshonic acid analogue of glyceraldehyde
      3-phosphate, enters Escherichia coli via the glycerol 3-phosphate transport
      system. There is no differential effect upon the accumulation of deoxyribonucleic
      acid, ribonucleic acid, or phosphoglycerides, although the accumulation of
      proteins was less effected. Examination of the phospholipids revealed that
      phosphatidylglycerol accumulation was most severely inhibited and cardiolipin
      accumulation was least affected. Concentrations of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and
      its phosphonic acid analogue that markedly inhibit macromolecular and
      phosphoglyceride biosynthesis have no effect upon the intracellular nucleoside
      triphosphate pool size. The phosphonate is a competitive inhibitor of sn-glycerol
      3-phosphate in reactions catalyzed by acyl coenzyme A:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate
      acyltransferase and CDP-diacylglycerol:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate
      phosphatidyltransferase. A Km mutant for the former enzyme was susceptible to the
      phosphansferase activity. Studies with mutant strains ruled out the aerobic
      glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycerol-3-phosphate synthase, and fructose
      1,6-biphosphate aldolase as the primary sites of action.

PMID- 373807
TI  - Characterization of peptic inhibitory activity associated with sulfated
      glycoprotein isolated from gastric mucosa.
AB  - Sulfated glycoproteins were extracted and purified from porcine stomach mucous
      scraping. Four sulfated glycoprotein fractions were separated and subsequently
      purified. These compounds always accompanied the apparent peptic inhibitory
      activity and consisted of 15-18% (w/w) protein. The carbohydrate portions
      contained an equimolar ratio of galactose and hexosamine (mainly glucosamine),
      together with lesser amounts of fucose and sialic acid. The sulfate content of
      the above fractions was 2-9% (w/w) of the total sulfated glycoprotein. The mode
      of inhibition of the sulfated glycoproteins to peptic activity was investigated
      and suggested that there was binding of the sulfated glycoproteins to the
      substrate of pepsin, making the substrate resistant to peptic activity. The
      sulfated glycoproteins neither bound pepsin at pH 1.8 nor inhibited the
      hydrolysis of a synthetic dipeptide substrate of pepsin. Desulfation of the
      sulfated glycoproteins resulted in the loss of both the inhibitory activity and
      the precipitate formation. The precipitation curve for sulfated glycoprotein and
      porcine serum albumin showed that both bound in varying proportions and suggests
      that both components are multivalent in this precipitate formation.

PMID- 373808
TI  - [Isotope effect in pepsin crystals].

PMID- 373809
TI  - [Dependence of the rate of aspartate ammonia-lyase reaction catalyzed by free and
      immobilized cells of E. coli on temperature and preliminary thermal treatment].
AB  - The effects of temperature (45--55 degrees) and duration of thermal treatment on
      the L-aspartase activity of free and immobilized on polyacrylamide gel cells of
      E. coli, strain 85 were studied. It was found that preliminary thermal treatment
      of the cells at 50 degrees for 40--60 min is optimal for a high aspartase
      activity. Within the temperature interval of 20--55 degrees the temperature
      dependence of effective rate constants of L-aspartate synthesis obeys the
      Arrhenius equation, whereas the effective energy of activation is decreased from
      12,6 to 3,6 kcal/mole, when the "activation" of the cells shows an increase.

PMID- 373810
TI  - The behavioural significance of heart rate: the Laceys' hypothesis.
AB  - The Laceys' account of the significance of heart rate changes for behaviour is
      critically evaluated. Two interwoven propositions are discerned in their account:
      first, the cardiac variations regulate central attentional activities via an
      afferent feedback mechanism; second, that environmental intake-rejection
      comprises a basic dimension underlying directional cardiac changes. Examination
      of pertinent psychophysiological research reveals that the first of these
      propositions lacks substantive support. The intra-cardiac cycle method has
      yielded highly equivocal results. Inter-cardiac cycle studies offer only modest
      correlational support and the two studies which have directly manipulated heart
      rate found that sensori-motor performance was largely unaffected. Difficulties
      also surround the other proposition. Consideration of the verbalization,
      pleasantness-unpleasantness and time estimation studies indicates that the
      relationship between heart rate and attention is variable and that heart rate is
      associated with factors other than attentional requirements. While the Laceys
      have attempted to reconcile such unfavourable evidence, conceptual clarity is
      frequently sacrificed in the process. It is concluded that the interpretation of
      cardiac responses must be sought in superordinate variables that account for both
      heart rate changes that can be related to attention and those that cannot, and
      that any afferent feedback mechanism, based on heart rate, most likely fulfills
      functions other than that proposed by the Laceys.

PMID- 373811
TI  - The analysis of failure times in the presence of competing risks.
AB  - Distinct problems in the analysis of failure times with competing causes of
      failure include the estimation of treatment or exposure effects on specific
      failure types, the study of interrelations among failure types, and the
      estimation of failure rates for some causes given the removal of certain other
      failure types. The usual formation of these problems is in terms of conceptual or
      latent failure times for each failure type. This approach is criticized on the
      basis of unwarranted assumptions, lack of physical interpretation and
      identifiability problems. An alternative approach utilizing cause-specific hazard
      functions for observable quantities, including time-dependent covariates, is
      proposed. Cause-specific hazard functions are shown to be the basic estimable
      quantities in the competing risks framework. A method, involving the estimation
      of parameters that relate time-dependent risk indicators for some causes to cause
      specific hazard functions for other causes, is proposed for the study of
      interrelations among failure types. Further, it is argued that the problem of
      estimation of failure rates under the removal of certain causes is not well posed
      until a mechanism for cause removal is specified. Following such a specification,
      one will sometimes be in a position to make sensible extrapolations from
      available data to situations involving cause removal. A clinical program in bone
      marrow transplantation for leukemia provides a setting for discussion and
      illustration of each of these ideas. Failure due to censoring in a survivorship
      study leads to further discussion.

PMID- 373812
TI  - Measures of association between disease and genotype.
AB  - This paper is concerned with the statistical aspects of the phenomenon of disease
      occurring more frequently in individuals with some genotypes than in individuals
      with others. A correlation coefficient is defined to quantify association between
      disease and genotype. A distinction is made between the concepts of independence
      of allele and disease and independence of genotype and disease. This distinction
      is used to define two components of association which describe separate aspects
      of association of disease with genotype. One component is a measure of the
      association of disease with allele; the other a measure of the effect of allele
      interaction on association of disease and genotype. One aspect of the usefulness
      of the partition into components which is discussed is in expressing the
      recurrence risk of disease for a relative of an affected individual. A chi
      squared analysis is provided to test hypotheses about the components of
      association and other hypotheses of genetic interest. This analysis is
      illustrated using a study done to determine the effect of the sex-linked dwarfing
      gene in male chickens on resistance to E. coli infection. This analysis shows a
      significant allele interaction effect on resistance to disease but no association
      of disease with alleles. In conclusion, some extensions and limitations of the
      proposed concepts and procedures are discussed.

PMID- 373813
TI  - [Determination of human leukocyte interferon by a microfluorimetric immunologic
      method].
AB  - The possibility of quantitative determination of human leucocyte interferon using
      FITC-labeled antiinterferon antibodies was studied. A highly specific
      antiinterferon immunoglobulin was obtained as a result of longterm immunization
      of a donkey with human leucocyte interferon followed by fractionation and immuno
      absorbtion of immune plasma. This immunoglobulin was labeled with FITC and used
      for human leucocyte interferon assay in direct and indirect reactions of
      fluorescence immunoinhibition. The titres of different human leucocyte interferon
      preparations in this immunoassay were comparable with the titres of the same
      preparations detected by interferon inhibition of viral cytopathic effect.

PMID- 373814
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of conjugative plasmids from serologically typed E.
      coli AP1].
AB  - The plasmid DNAs isolated from E. coli AP1 were studied by electron microscopy.
      Two plasmid DNA forms (FB1-1 and FB1--2) with the mol wt of 35.9 +/- 0.5 x x
      10(6) and 51.5 +/- 0.6 x 10(6) daltons, respectively, were revealed.

PMID- 373815
TI  - [Role of bone marrow stroma in the phenomenon of hybrid resistance].
AB  - In the site of hemopoiesis produced by implantation of an irradiated bone marrow
      plug beneath the kidney capsule all dividing hemopoietic cells were of recipient
      origin, as shown by karyologic analysis. In such implants hybrid resistance was
      of the donor's type. It is suggested that the migrating cells of hemopoietic
      origin, including lymphocytes and macrophages, do not participate in producing
      the hybrid resistance.

PMID- 373816
TI  - [Tissue-specific antigen of chick adenohypophysis appearing at early stages of
      histotypic differentiation].
AB  - The tissue-specific water-soluble antigen characterized by alpha1-globulin
      electrophoretic mobility was revealed in chick adenohypophysis. The antigen was
      shown to appear in embryogenesis at early stages of histotypical differentiation
      of the adenohypophysis by indirect immunofluorescence. The first cells with
      specific fluorescence were found simultaneously in the cephalic and caudal lobes
      of 6-day embryo adenohypophysis. The bright patterned fluorescence was observed
      in all cellular cords of the adenohypophysis by the 8--10th day of the
      development. This antigen may be used as a common marker for pituitary cell
      differentiation.

PMID- 373817
TI  - Two populations of granulocytes in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
AB  - The granulocytes in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) are defective, and
      the defect is similar to that previously described for the PNH erythrocyte. Using
      anti-I antibody to activate complement and 51Cr release to detect cell lysis, we
      found two populations of granulocytes that differed in their susceptibility to
      lysis by complement in 5 of 6 patients. A proportion of the cells were lysed by
      one-fifteenth to one-twentieth the amount of complement required to lyse normal
      cells; the remainder of the granulocytes appeared to be normal in their
      susceptibility to the lytic action of complement. The binding of the third
      component of complement (C3) to PNH granulocytes was at least twice that bound to
      normal cells, even though the binding of antibody was the same for normal and PNH
      cells. This suggests that the binding of C3 and probably the efficiency of the
      terminal steps of complement lysis are increased in the abnormal PHN granulocyte.
      These defects affect only a portion of the granulocytes, thus suggesting that the
      disorder is a clonal stem cell abnormality.

PMID- 373818
TI  - Genetic control of F cells in human adults.
AB  - Hb F levels were determined on samples from 750 normal blood donors. Six
      individuals (0.8%) had Hb F levels in excess of 1.1%, the upper end of the
      continuous distribution. Eight individuals at the upper end and 7 individuals at
      the lower end of the range were selected for family studies. These studies
      revealed that the control of Hb F levels in adults, as judged by the more
      sensitive F-cell technique, has a major genetic component. Structural analysis of
      the Hb F in several cases demonstrated that both G gamma and A gamma chains were
      present, but in variable proportions. These results are discussed in light of
      current concepts of adult F-cell production.

PMID- 373819
TI  - Fluorescent antibody technique in the diagnosis of Corynebacterium
      pseudotuberculosis.

PMID- 373820
TI  - Serological grouping of haemolytic Escherichia coli isolated from diarrhoeic
      piglets.

PMID- 373821
TI  - [Fevzi Akkan (1919-1978)].

PMID- 373822
TI  - [Jean Charamis (1904-1978)].

PMID- 373823
TI  - [Andre Vergez (1924-1977)].

PMID- 373824
TI  - [Simone Delthil (1907-1977)].

PMID- 373825
TI  - [Marc-Adrien Dollfus (1896-1978)].

PMID- 373826
TI  - [Stewart Duke-Elder (1898-1978)].

PMID- 373827
TI  - [Gabriel Renard (1894-1977)].

PMID- 373828
TI  - [Value of mechanical vitrectomy in transfixing keratoplasty in the aphakic
      patient].

PMID- 373829
TI  - [Perforating keratoplasty in the aphakic patient].

PMID- 373831
TI  - [The problem of the artificial lens].

PMID- 373830
TI  - [Restoration of the internal canthal region].

PMID- 373833
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor G. Renard 1894-1977].

PMID- 373832
TI  - [Recent aspects of the microbiological contamination of pharmaceutical products
      and their microbiological specification (author's transl)].

PMID- 373834
TI  - [Comparative study of atenolol and timolol in the treatment of ocular
      hypertension].

PMID- 373835
TI  - [In memoriam: Doctor Marc-Adrien Dollfus 1896-1978].

PMID- 373837
TI  - A data storage and retrieval system for clinical research in oncology.

PMID- 373838
TI  - Renography in the long-term follow-up of renal transplant patients.

PMID- 373836
TI  - Ioxaglate, a new low osmolar contrast medium used in femoral angiography.
AB  - Ioxaglate, a new monoacid, dimeric contrast medium was compared with diatrizoate
      (Urografin 60%) in a series of 61 femoral angiographies. In a double blind group
      of 34 examinations all patients preferred ioxaglate which caused slight pain in
      only five cases, whereas after diatrizoate 14 patients felt severe pain (six were
      unable to keep their legs still) and 12 felt slight pain. Increase in heart rate
      and decrease in systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure was seen after
      both contrast medium injections, but significantly less after ioxaglate than
      after diatrizoate.

PMID- 373839
TI  - Bile salt tests in clinical practice.

PMID- 373840
TI  - Controlled trial of cimetidine in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 373842
TI  - Urinary tract infections after renal transplantation: do they matter?
AB  - The effect of urinary tract infections on renal function was assessed in 86
      patients with renal allografts that had functioned for more than one year. Follow
      up periods ranged from one to 10 years. Recurrent or persistent urinary sepsis
      was quite common in these long-term survivors but had no observable effect on
      graft function or survival of patients or grafts. Treatment of asymptomatic
      urinary tract infections was largely unsuccessful. Probably such infections may
      be safely ignored.

PMID- 373841
TI  - Antibiotic prophylaxis in total hip replacement.
AB  - A controlled prospective trial to compare the efficacy of the antibiotics
      cephaloridine and flucloxacillin in preventing infection after total hip
      replacement was conducted at three hospitals. The antibiotic regimens began
      before surgery, cephaloridine being continued for 12 hours and flucloxacillin for
      14 days afterwards. Over an 18-month period 297 patients undergoing a total of
      310 hip replacements were entered into the trial and randomly allocated to one of
      the regimens. The follow-up period ranged from one to two and a half years. All
      operations were performed in conventional operating theatres; at two of the
      hospitals these were also used by various other surgical disciplines. Four
      patients developed deep infection, two having received the cephaloridine and two
      the flucloxacillin regimen. The overall rate of deep infection was therefore
      1.3%. Thus three doses of cephaloridine proved to be as effective as a two-week
      regimen of flucloxacillin. Giving a prophylactic systemic antibiotic reduced the
      incidence of infection to a level comparable with that obtained in ultra-clean
      air operating enclosures.

PMID- 373843
TI  - Dissociation of absorptions of calcium and phosphate after successful cadaveric
      renal transplantation.
AB  - Calcium and phosphate absorptions were studied by radiotracer techniques in 30
      patients after successful cadaveric renal transplantation, and results were
      compared with those in a group of normal subjects and in groups of patients with
      chronic renal failure (CRF). Both calcium and phosphate absorptions were impared
      in patients with CRF, including those receiving haemodialysis. Abnormalities of
      calcium absorption, however, seemed to occur earlier in the course of advanced
      renal failure than abnormalities in phosphate absorption. Calcium absorption
      improved dramatically after successful renal transplantation, while phosphate
      absorption remained the same. A dissociation between calcium and phosphate
      absorptions is not often seen clinically, and the mechanisms for it are unknown.
      Phosphate malabsorption may be a further contributing factor in the development
      of persistent hypophosphataemia after transplantation.

PMID- 373844
TI  - Two neurological cases. Demonstration at the Royal College of Physicians of
      London.

PMID- 373845
TI  - Is there a time factor in renal allograft rejection?

PMID- 373846
TI  - Is there a time factor in renal allograft rejection?

PMID- 373847
TI  - Evolutions in medicine.

PMID- 373848
TI  - Epilepsy and learning.

PMID- 373849
TI  - C J Swanson.

PMID- 373850
TI  - Healing by touching.

PMID- 373852
TI  - Comparison of salbutamol given intravenously and by intermittent positive
      pressure breathing in life-threatening asthma.
AB  - A double-blind crossover trial was carried out during 22 episodes of life
      threatening asthma in 19 patients to compare salbutamol given as a 500 microgram
      intravenous injection and as a 0 . 5% solution administered by intermittent
      positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) for three minutes. Relief of pulsus paradoxus
      was significantly better after IPPB than the intravenous treatment. Both
      treatments significantly improved the peak expiratory flow rate. Salbutamol given
      intravenously produced a mean increase in heart rate of over 20 beats/min five
      minutes after treatment compared with the relief of tachycardia that occurred
      after administration by IPPB. Four patients had noticeable cardiovascular side
      effects after salbutamol given intravenously, but no such effects were noticed
      after administration by IPPB. Two patients withdrawn shortly after entry into the
      trial because of a worsening clinical condition had received intravenous
      salbutamol. It is concluded that salbutamol given by IPPB is better than that
      given by slow intravenous injection in severe acute asthma.

PMID- 373851
TI  - Why blame the obstetrician? A review.
AB  - Because of superficial thinking obstetricians have been blamed unjustifiably for
      causing brain damage, cerebral palsy, mental subnormality, congenital
      torticollis, and facial palsy. It is essential to look behind obvious
      difficulties in labour, such as abnormal presentation or anoxia, to the
      underlying causes, which are often genetic or social, or concern other prenatal
      factors.

PMID- 373853
TI  - Dalzeil's disease--66 years on.

PMID- 373854
TI  - Current trends in the treatment of uraemia: a view from the United States.

PMID- 373855
TI  - Cimetidine in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 373856
TI  - Induction of labour and postpartum haemorrhage.

PMID- 373857
TI  - Microscopic words.

PMID- 373858
TI  - Neural-tube defects: importance of a history of abortion in aetiology.
AB  - The overall incidence of anencephaly and spina bifida (ASB) in 69,056 pregnancies
      was 4.7/1000 births. ASB was more common (8.4/1000 births) among children of
      mothers who had had two or more abortions, but the increased risk was confined to
      spina bifida. A history of abortion was more common in older women and women of
      higher parity, but this was not matched by a similar increase in the incidence of
      ASB. The incidence of ASB was related to social class, but the prevalence of
      previous abortions was similar in all classes. The results suggest that expectant
      mothers with a history of two or more abortions have an increased risk of
      producing a child with spina bifida. The abortions are considered to be a
      manifestation of previous abnormal conceptions rather than the primary cause.

PMID- 373859
TI  - Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: a review.

PMID- 373860
TI  - Organization of vestibular afferents to the vestibular nuclei of the dogfish.
AB  - Electrophysiological and light microscopical studies were made on the vestibular
      area of the dogfish hindbrain. Three vestibular nuclei were distinguished: the
      superior nucleus (VES), the magnocellularis nucleus (VEM), and the ventral
      nucleus (VEV). The distribution of field potentials evoked in the hindbrain by
      stimulation of nerve VIII confirms the location and extent of the vestibular
      nuclei. It also raises the possibility of a direct contralateral projection of
      vestibular nerve fibres. Unit studies confirm the interpretation of the field
      potentials and provide evidence of mono- and polysynaptic activation of
      vestibular nuclear neurons by vestibular afferents.

PMID- 373861
TI  - Immunohistochemical localization of enkephalins in median eminence and
      adenohypophysis.
AB  - Immunohistochemical staining for methionine-enkephalin and leucine-enkephalin
      were used to reveal an enkephalins-like substance in the median eminence and
      adenohypophysis of guinea pig and rat. Nerve endings were stained for enkephalins
      in the external layer of the median eminence. By successive staining of two
      different antigens, somatostatin fibers in the guinea pig were also shown to be
      enkephalin-immunoreactive. Staining of the adenohypophysis varied with the
      species and the antisera used. Intermediate lobe and corticomelanotrophs were
      stained moderately. In both species, and with all the antisera, thyrotrophs were
      shown to contain an immunoreactive substance. In the guinea pig, gonadotrophs
      were stained particularly by the anti-leucine-enkephalin antiserum used. The
      locus of enkephalin action on pituitary functions can be discussed: enkephalins
      possibly have an inhibiting action on somatostatin fibers, which agrees with the
      stimulating action of enkephalins on GH already known. Furthermore, enkephalins
      could have a direct action on pituitary glycoprotein proceducing cells, which
      would explain their inhibiting action demonstrated previously on LH, FSH and TSH.

PMID- 373862
TI  - [Cerebroxine and the treatment of hearing and equilibrium disorders. A double
      blind study].

PMID- 373863
TI  - [Anatomo-radiology and historic fact. Apropos of the xeroradiographic evaluation
      of Ramses II].

PMID- 373864
TI  - [Preprosthetic therapy. Periodontal aspect].

PMID- 373865
TI  - [Periodontal considerations in fixed prosthesis].

PMID- 373866
TI  - [Unfastening of conjoint prosthesis].

PMID- 373867
TI  - Bile acids of a 3200-year-old Egyptian mummy.
AB  - The bile acids of the gall bladder and hepatic tissue of a 3200-year-old Egyptian
      mummy were isolated by thin-layer chromatography and identified by combined gas
      liquid chromatrography and mass spectrometry. Except for complete deconjugation
      and extensive dehydration, the bile acids were found to correspond in their
      qualitative and quantitative composition to the gall bladder bile acids of modern
      man. The secondary bile acids constituted about 50% of the total and were
      identified as the normal bacterial oxidoreduction products of the primary bile
      acids and their dehydration products. In addition a series of unsaturated bile
      acids were identified, which corresponded to the dehydration products of cholic
      and chenodeoxycholic acids. It is suggested that both bile acid deconjugation and
      the limited oxidoreduction were probably brought about by the Clostridium
      organisms identified in the tissue. On the basis of the bile acid composition it
      is concluded that the ancient man metabolized cholesterol along the same pathways
      as modern man.

PMID- 373868
TI  - Azasterol inhibitors in yeast. Inhibition of the delta 24-sterol
      methyltransferase and the 24-methylene sterol delta 24(28)-reductase in sterol
      mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 373869
TI  - Degradation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide by the slime mould Physarum
      polycephalum.
AB  - A strain of the acellular slime mould Physarum polycephalum degraded
      lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from a variety of bacteria. The anticomplementary (AC)
      activity of LPS was greatly reduced, as was the content of lauric, myristic, and
      palmitic acids, and the ability to sensitize erythrocytes to agglutination by
      antibody. These results indicate that Physarum has enzymes which reduce the lipid
      A moiety of LPS. In contrast, 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-actanoic acid (KDO),
      immunodominant sugars, and beta-hydroxymyristic acid were scarcely affected. Both
      supernates and plasmodial extracts of Physarum had LPS-degradative activity and
      were able to attack both purified LPS and LPS in killed bacteria.

PMID- 373870
TI  - Effect of cardiopulmonary bypass and hypothermia on pancreatic endocrine function
      and peripheral utilization of glucose.
AB  - Extracorporeal circulation has been reported to produce abnormalities of glucose,
      metabolism. Pancreatic endocrine function and peripheral glucose utilisation were
      studied in 11 nondiabetic patients who underwent myocardial revascularization.
      Nonpulsatile flow with hemodilution and moderate hypothermia to 28 degrees C were
      used in each case. Following the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass, serum glucose
      values rose rapidly to a mean of 972 mg/dl (54.0 mmol/l) and were associated with
      high circulating concentrations of insulin in the range of 216 microU/ml [1549.8
      pmol/l]. High circulating concentrations for both insulin and glucose were
      maintained throughout the bypass period. These returned to normal postoperatively
      when the patient was in the recovery room. The results of this study indicate
      that both the pancreatic endocrine response and the peripheral utilization of
      glucose are impaired during cardiopulmonary bypass with hemodilution and moderate
      hypothermia to 28 degrees C.

PMID- 373872
TI  - [Leisure of a physician. Dr. Omer Poulin: one day, I will have a farm].

PMID- 373871
TI  - Comparison of ampicillin with clindamycin plus gentamicin in the treatment of
      postpartum uterine infection.
AB  - A prospective randomized study of the treatment of postpartum endometritis was
      conducted with 43 patients. The bacterial origin of the infection was determined
      by uterine aspiration. Treatment was successful in 17 of the 19 patients
      receiving ampicillin (12 g/d) and in 21 of the 24 patients receiving clindamycin
      (2.4 g/d) plus gentamicin (5.1 mg/kg daily).

PMID- 373873
TI  - Secondary sources in history of Canadian medicine.

PMID- 373874
TI  - Doctor at leisure: how Newfie Bullet II flew to BC (Dr. Craig Loveys).

PMID- 373875
TI  - [75 years of service to children: l'Hopital de Montreal pour enfants].

PMID- 373876
TI  - Clinical involvement of Aeromonas hydrophila.
AB  - Aeromonas hydrophila has for some time been regarded as an opportunistic pathogen
      in hosts with impaired local or general defence mechanisms. Infections in such
      individuals are generally severe. The organism is also being isolated with
      increasing frequency throughout the world from a variety of focal and systemic
      infections of varying severity in persons that are apparently immunologically
      normal. Most commonly it causes acute diarrheal disease by producing an
      enterotoxin. Thus the organism appears to have greater clinical significance that
      was hitherto suspected. The organism has been infrequently reported from humans
      in Canada, but its correct laboratory identification, together with increased
      awareness that it can contribute to illness, will undoubtedly lead to more
      reports of its isolation in Canada.

PMID- 373878
TI  - Mutagenicity of some N- and O-acyl derivatives of N-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene in
      V79 Chinese hamster cells.
AB  - Mutagenicity of 4 N- and O-acyl derivatives of N-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene (acyl:
      acetyl or myristoyl residue) was examined in V79 Chinese hamster cells in the
      absence of a metabolic activation system. N-Myristoyloxy-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene
      (N-MyO-AAF) was toxic and weakly mutagenic, inducing 8-azaguanine-resistant
      (AZAr) mutants in V79 Chinese hamster cells in a concentration-dependent fashion;
      while N-acetoxy-N-myristoyl-2-aminofluorene (N-AcO-MyAF) and N-myristoyloxy-N
      myristoyl-2-aminofluorene (N-MyO-MyAF) were neither cytotoxic nor mutagenic.
      Under the same conditions, N-acetoxy-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene (N-AcO-AAF) was
      highly toxic and mutagenic. Neither of the 2 N-myristoyloxy derivatives was
      mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium. These esters have been reported to produce
      local tumours at the site of their injection in rats, bo be electrophilic towards
      methionine, and to induce unscheduled DNA synthesis in cultured human
      fibroblasts. In view of the fact that some of the esters were mutagenic in
      neither S. typhimurium nor V79 Chinese hamster cells, our findings emphasize the
      need for multiple short-term tests in predicting potential carcinogenic activity
      of chemicals.

PMID- 373877
TI  - [Poisoning due to tricyclic antidepressants in children and adolescents].
AB  - During the last decade there has been a substantial increase in the number of
      poisonings due to tricyclic antidepressants in both children and adults. The main
      toxic manifestations are of anticholinergic origin, and the most frequent
      constitute the so-called central anticholinergic syndrome. Most of the deaths
      result from the cardiac complications. Three cases are presented that illustrate
      chiefly the toxic manifestations related to the central nervous system. The
      therapeutic management is reviewed in the light of the metabolism of the
      tricyclic antidepressants, their pharmacologic action and the mechanism of their
      toxic effects.

PMID- 373879
TI  - Maintenance of human skin on nude mice for studies of chemical carcinogenesis.
AB  - The feasibility of utilizing neonatal human foreskins grafted to congenitally
      athymic nude mice for carcinogenesis studies was explored. Human grafts could be
      maintained morphologically intact for at least as long as 27 weeks. Topical
      application of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced hyperplasia in
      human skin. Systemic administration of urethane followed by twice weekly topical
      TPA applications induced no mouse skin tumors in ungrafted nude mice and a
      moderate number in grafted nude mice. Two benign squamous papillary lesions
      developed in the human graft sites receiving TPA. One of these was likely of
      human origin but definitive origin of the second was uncertain.

PMID- 373881
TI  - Ultrastructural changes in neurohaemal tissue of the stick insect, Carausius
      morosus, induced by the ionophores Br-X-537 A and A-23187.
AB  - The antibiotic ionophores Br-X-537A and A-23187 alter the ultrastructure of
      neurohaemal tissue on the transverse nerve of the stick insect, Carausius
      morosus. Br-X-537A induces dramatic changes in the ultrastructural appearance of
      all three types of neurosecretory fibres present in the neurohaemal tissue. The
      neurosecretory granules become more electron-lucent and the mitochondria become
      more electron-opaque. The bounding membrane of the granules is frequently
      ruptured. A-23187, on the other hand, has no effect on two of the three types of
      fibres, but does produce an increase in the number of exocytotic profiles in the
      third. The two ionophores therefore have different effects on the same tissue.
      The results are discussed in the light of previous work with the use of these
      ionophores.

PMID- 373880
TI  - Distribution of LHRH in the rat and mouse brain with special reference to the
      tanycytes.
AB  - The distribution of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) was studied in
      the rat and mouse brain by means of light and electron microscopic
      immunohistochemistry using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. An
      immunoreactive product to LHRH antiserum was found near the blood vessels of the
      vascular organ of the lamina terminalis. In the arcuate nucleus-median eminence
      region, an immunoreactive material occurred bilaterally in the hypothalamic
      tissue around the tuberoinfundibular sulci. Electron microscopy revealed that
      immunoreactive fibers observed light microscopically contain numerous granules
      100--130 nm in diameter. No immunoreactive product was located in the tanycytes
      of the median eminence, the perikarya of hypothalamic neurons, and the parenchyma
      of several circumventricular organs (subfornical organ, subcommissural organ,
      pineal organ, area postrema).

PMID- 373882
TI  - Metabolic-morphologic events in the integument of the Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus
      stoutii).
AB  - Light- and electron-microscopic autoradiography were used to obtain a coordinated
      metabolic-morphologic view of some of the events of cellular differentiation that
      occur across the epidermis of the Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) and which
      enable this animal to secrete copious amounts of mucus. As judged by epidermal
      incorporation of [3H]-thymidine in vivo, about 98% of DNA replication is confined
      to the basal three layers of the total of 6--8 layers of cells. Small mucous
      cells (SMC), the most numerous of the three major cell types involved in
      mucigenesis, show in vitro and in vivo radioincorporation profiles of [3H]-L
      lysine and [3H]-D-glucosamine which differ markedly from those of [3H]-L-fucose
      and [3H]-D-galactose. Time-course incorporation profiles (mean silver grains/cell
      and percentage of cells with at least one cluster of silver grains) of [3H]-L
      lysine and [3H]-D-glucosamine not only reflected the metabolic activities of cell
      renewal and differentiation in basally-located cells but also the high mucigenic
      activity in cells near the epidermal surface. By contrast, [3H]-L-fucose and [3H]
      D-galactose were mainly incorporated by the more mature SMC in juxtanuclear
      regions near Golgi complexes and newly formed secretory vesicles. The intensity
      of [3H]-fucose labeling appeared proportional to the intensity of histochemical
      staining of the apical cytoplasm. The prominent capsule, within SMC in basal and
      lateral regions, which arises from a tight intermingling of tonofilaments,
      appears to restrict secretory vesicles to apical regions while the cell
      progressively differentiates and migrates to the epidermal surface. The other
      mucigenic cell types, large mucous cells and thread cells, each show distinctive
      differentiation and radioincorporation patterns.

PMID- 373884
TI  - History of immunology.

PMID- 373885
TI  - Accessory cell requirements for lymphoma growth in vitro and in irradiated mice.

PMID- 373883
TI  - The relation between solid cell nests and C cells of the thyroid gland: an
      immunohistochemical and morphometric investigation.
AB  - Thyroid tissue of 300 routine autopsies was processed in a standardized manner.
      So-called solid cell nests (SCN) were found in 21 patients (7%). These cases were
      investigated carefully by serial step sectioning. In order to explore the
      correlation of SCN to the C-cell system, the sections were stained by silver
      impregnation and the immunoperoxidase method. Morphometric analyses revealed a
      significant increase in the density of C cells in the proximity of the SCN. With
      progressive distance from the SCN, the C-cell density decreased and reached
      normal values. In 30% of the cases argyrophilic and calcitonin-positive cells
      were found lying within the SCN. Occasionally, mixed follicles could be
      discerned: These were lined on the one side by a multilayered squamous
      epithelium, on the other side by normal monolayered cubic follicular epithelium,
      and contained a peculiar granular material. In one case, SCN were associated with
      intrathyroid portions of the parathyroids and adult adipose tissue, in a second
      case with adipose tissue only. Most probably SCN are vestiges of the
      ultimobranchial body and should be interpreted as such, despite the fact that
      other authors have expressed different views. The lack of disturbances in the
      calcium metabolism of the patients and the absence of medullary carcinoma in
      their family histories led us to interpret locally confined C-cell hyperplasia
      not as reactive nor premalignant, but rather as normal.

PMID- 373886
TI  - Inhibition of in vitro immune response by extracts from long-term cultured
      lymphoid cells.

PMID- 373887
TI  - Suspension cultures of mononuclear phagocytes in the teflon culture bag.

PMID- 373888
TI  - Modulation of lymphocyte functions by group A streptococcal membrane.

PMID- 373889
TI  - [The 4th International Conference on Keratoplasty].

PMID- 373890
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Chief Physician Kvetoslav Busina].

PMID- 373891
TI  - [Development of hemophilia detection].

PMID- 373892
TI  - [The development of therapeutic methods for fractures of the lower jaw].

PMID- 373893
TI  - [The 50th anniversary of Zdenek Jebavy, D.D.S].

PMID- 373895
TI  - [The 30th anniversary of the Czechoslovak Medical Society J.E. Purkne].

PMID- 373894
TI  - [25 years of the Chirana production enterprise in Brno].

PMID- 373896
TI  - [The 50th anniversary of Assistant Professor Vlastimil Rocek, C.Sc].

PMID- 373897
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Jan Bastecky, D.Sc., corresponding member of the
      Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences].

PMID- 373898
TI  - [P.L. Chigot, 1906-1978].

PMID- 373899
TI  - [Repair of the cavities after orbital exenteration].

PMID- 373900
TI  - [Clinical study of a new anti-glaucoma treatment in comparison with pilocarpine].

PMID- 373901
TI  - [Vitrectomy and corneal grafting].

PMID- 373902
TI  - [Some technical details about my personal experience with cataract surgery].

PMID- 373903
TI  - Single-dose therapy of falciparum malaria with mefloquine or pyrimethamine
      sulfadoxine.
AB  - A single oral dose (1.5 g) of mefloquine hydrochloride cured all of 37 patients
      with falciparum malaria, and a single dose of pyrimethamine (75 mg) plus
      sulfadoxine (1.5 g) cured 34 of 38 patients. The rates at which parasitaemia and
      fever abated were similar for the two regimens but mefloquine was associated with
      a higher incidence of gastrointestinal side effects.

PMID- 373904
TI  - Cancer chemotherapy as it approaches middle age.

PMID- 373905
TI  - Cardiotoxic effects of antitumor agents.
AB  - Cardiotoxic effects related to treatment with some antitumor agents (chiefly
      anthracycline antibiotics, cylophosphamide, corticosteroids, 5-fluorouracil, and
      radiation therapy), their association, and contemporaneous administration of
      other (potentially) cardiotoxic drugs are reviewed. Experimental models, clinical
      findings, and diagnostic methods are briefly described. Pathogenetic factors and
      interactions of antitumor drugs with biomembranes, DNA, and immune reactions are
      discussed.

PMID- 373906
TI  - Sequential combination chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer.
AB  - The results of a prospective controlled study with alternating cycles of two
      effective non-cross resistant combinations in advanced breast cancer are
      reported. The two combinations consisted of adriamycin plus vincristine (AV) and
      cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and fluorouracil (CMF). The study was carried out
      with the main intent to obtain a higher incidence and a longer duration of
      response compared to that obtained with either combination alone. A total of 110
      evaluable patients (55 for each treatment group) not previously treated with
      chemotherapy were randomly allocated to receive either Therapy A (2 AV followed
      by 2 CMF) or Therapy B (2 CMF followed by 2 AV). Complete plus partial response
      (53% vs 60%) as well as duration of remission (11 vs 12 months) were similar in
      both treatment groups. At the time of present analysis, 20 patients died from
      cancer (Therapy A: 9; Therapy B: 11) and in 9 of them death occurred during the
      first 12 months. The administration of sequential combinations was no more toxic
      than the administration of either combination alone.

PMID- 373907
TI  - New cancer chemotherapy drugs in Europe.

PMID- 373908
TI  - Combined chemotherapy-radiotherapy approach in locally advanced (T3b-T4) breast
      cancer.
AB  - Combined treatment modality was applied in 110 consecutive women with primary
      inoperable (T3b-T4) Breast cancer. Treatment was started with four cycles of
      adriamycin plus vincristine (AV). This was followed in responders by high-energy
      radiotherapy (RT). At the end of combined therapy, patients in complete remission
      (CR) were randomized to either no further treatment or six more cycles of
      chemotherapy. AV induced objective response in 89% of patients (complete 15.5%,
      partial 54.5%, improvement 19%). At the end of RT, 81% of 98 (82.7%) patients
      responding to AV were classified in CR. The median duration of CR was 15 months.
      The median free interval was statistically prolonged by additional chemotherapy.
      The three-year survival was 52.8%. Altogether, present findings indicate that
      combined treatment modality has improved the three-year survival compared to the
      previous series treated with radiotherapy alone. However, to achieve a
      satisfactory control of T3b-T4 breast cancer a more aggressive and prolonged
      treatment is required.

PMID- 373909
TI  - Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of 24-h infusions of high-dose methotrexate.
AB  - Cytocidal activity of a drug is dependent on both drug dosage and duration of
      exposure. In contrast to the 'conventional" 6-h infusion and in an attempto to
      improve its efficacy, the high-dose methotrexate therapeutic regimen was given
      over a 24-h period with 10% of the dose administered in the first hour.
      Citrovorum factor was initiated at hour 24 and continued for 72 h. Treatment was
      administered every 2-3 weeks. 57 infusions were performed in twelve patients aged
      7-20 years (six with osteogenic sarcoma and six with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia). Determinations of serum methotrexate levels revealed that the levels
      were dependent on the dose. Levels assayed at 24 h revealed the following
      results: 4.4 +/- 1.4 x 10(-5) molar with 4.5 g/m(2), 2.04 +/- 0.34 x 10(-4) molar
      with 7.5 g/m(2) and 4.59 +/- 0.80 x 10(-4) molar with 12.5 g/m(2). Major toxicity
      was myelosuppression in 12 of 57 patients. There were no responses. The study
      demonstrates that 24-h infusions of high-dose methotrexate can be tolerated every
      2-3 weeks in patients without bone marrow involvement and levels of at least 10(
      4) molar can be maintained during the infusion.

PMID- 373910
TI  - Initial clinical experience with a simultaneous combination of 2,4-diamino
      5(3',4'-dichlorophenyl)-6-methylpyrimidine (DDMP) with folinic acid.
AB  - DDMP, a diaminopyrimidine folate antagonist, was given to 26 tumor patients in a
      dosage of 50 mg/m2 per week orally, simultaneously with 3 mg CF i.m. or i.v. The
      CF dose was increased to 30 mg in patients showing evidence of toxicity, and
      withdrawn in the absence of toxicity. The dose-limiting toxicity was seen in
      myelosuppression, particularly thrombopenia and skin rashes. At the 3 mg CF
      level, 18 out of 26 patients developed toxicity. No toxicity was seen at the 30
      mg CF level in 11 patients. After cessation of CF, toxicity occurred in five out
      of seven patients. After the onset of toxicity, CF was added as a delayed rescue,
      in a dosage of 15 mg every 8 h or 30-60 mg daily. One patient died of sepsis with
      agranulocytosis. All other patients recovered from myelosuppression within 1 or 2
      weeks. Objective responses were observed in seven patients, four of the ten with
      epidermoid cancer of the head and neck, two out of eight with epidermoid cancer
      of the lung, and one out of three with melanoma.

PMID- 373911
TI  - Combination chemotherapy for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of unfavourable
      histology.
AB  - Thirty previously untreated adults with diffuse histiocytic and diffuse
      undifferentiated lymphoma were treated with a combination of adriamycin,
      vincristine, prednisolone, and L-asparaginase. Complete remission was achieved in
      11 out of 12 cases with stage III and 7 out of 18 cases with stage IV disease (P
      less than 0.005). Bone marrow infiltration, clinical central nervous system
      involvement, and massive intra-abdominal disease all influenced the prognosis
      adversely. Complete remission was followed by cranial irradiation and intrathecal
      methotrexate, and maintained with weekly cyclophosphamide and methotrexate and
      daily 6-mercaptopurine. The duration of remission was significantly longer for
      patients with stage III disease (the median of which has not been reached), than
      for patients with stage IV disease (P = 0.007). Survival was significantly longer
      for patients in whom complete remission was achieved than for those in whom it
      was not (P = 0.001), and also for patients with stage III than for those with
      stage IV disease (P = 0.02).

PMID- 373912
TI  - Prognosis and treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Study of 650 patients.
AB  - The complete hematological remission (CHR) rate, duration of remission and
      survival were studied in relation to age, peripheral blast cell (PBC) count,
      presence or absence of tumor masses, cytological type, and treatment in 650
      patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Prognostic factors were considered
      separately and divided into prognostic classes. Age and PCB count correlated with
      both the rate and the duration of CHR. This correlation was still observed for
      more recent treatment schedules though it appears to be becoming progressively
      less significant. Meningeal relapses were more common in patients less than 1
      year old and in those with a high PCB count. It is suggested that stratification
      of patients according to such factors as age, PCB count, presence or absence of
      tumor, and cytological type might be necessary for the design of new treatment
      protocols and for the evaluation of their results.

PMID- 373914
TI  - Hepatic estrogen and progesterone receptors in an estrogen-associated hepatic
      neoplasm.
AB  - A patient with a benign hepatic neoplasm developing after treatment with
      estrogenic hormones is described. After excision, the neoplastic tissue was
      analyzed for the presence of cytosol estrogen and progesterone binding proteins.
      The neoplasm was classified as focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver and was
      demonstrated to contain high-affinity cytosol estrogen and progesterone hormone
      receptors. The estrogen-binding affinity of the neoplasm was three times greater
      than that of normal liver. Further investigation of cytosol hormone receptors in
      estrogen associated hepatic neoplasms will be required to define the role of
      these binding proteins in the possible etiology of certain liver tumors.

PMID- 373913
TI  - The fluoropyrimidines: biochemical mechanisms and design of clinical trials.
AB  - Our understanding of the biochemical events of fluoropyrimidine-induced
      cytotoxicity remains incomplete. However, we have a good perception of the
      activation and degradation pathways of these agents. Additionally, from studies
      performed in vitro we are gaining a new appreciation of the interactions between
      methotrexate and the fluoropyrimidines. These studies suggest that the common
      clinical practice of simultaneously administering methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil
      may be disadvantageous. Several simple scheduling modifications of combination
      therapies with these two drugs could lead to improved clinical efficacy and
      deserve further investigation.

PMID- 373915
TI  - Clinical, toxicological, and pharmacological studies of combination chemotherapy
      of adenocarcinoma with adriamycin and Baker's antifolate.
AB  - Ten patients with disseminated adenocarcinoma were treated with combination
      chemotherapy employing Adriamycin and Baker's Antifolate (BAF). There were seven
      patients with lung adenocarcinoma, two of whom achieved partial remission while
      the remaining five had their disease stabilized. Drug toxicity to the bone
      marrow, gastrointestinal mucosa, and skin was dose-limiting and was greater than
      the known toxicities of the individual drugs. Pharmacological studies of both
      drugs were performed on five patients to determine whether abnormal
      pharmacokinetics could explain this collateral toxicity. Adriamycin plasma
      concentrations and disappearance seemed to be unaffected by BAF. However, BAF
      levels were prolonged, apparently due to an Adriamycin effect on the plasma
      elimination of BAF, resulting in a prolonged exposure of sensitive tissues and
      organs to BAF. Consequently, when BAF and Adriamycin are used in combination,
      appropriate dose and schedule changes must be made to avoid any potentially
      serious side effects.

PMID- 373916
TI  - High volume intraperitoneal chemotherapy ("belly bath") for ovarian cancer.
      Pharmacologic basis and early results.
AB  - The currently accepted therapies for ovarian cancer have produced only limited
      numbers of extended complete remissions in advanced-stage disease. Studies of
      high-volume intraperitoneal chemotherapy have been initiated to define the
      toxicology, pharmacokinetics, and the therapeutic effectiveness of this treatment
      modality. This technique has been virtually ignored until recently, because
      little success has been achieved with it except in one study (Rutledge, 1966), in
      which large intraperitoneal fluid volumes were used. The general lack of success
      probably reflects inadequate attention to physiologic and pharmacologic
      principles of drug distribution and absorption in a space as large as the
      peritoneal cavity. Biomedical engineers, pharmacologists, and clinicians at the
      NCI have cooperated in the development of a rational chemotherapy for ovarian
      cancer. Following mathematical pharmacokinetic modeling and toxicologic studies
      in rat, a Phase I clinical trial of intraperitoneal methotrexate administered in
      large volumes of dialysis fluid was initiated. Results in three patients confirm
      the practicality of this approach, and further investigation is warranted.

PMID- 373917
TI  - Chemotherapy in the management of extramedullary plasmacytoma.
AB  - The results of chemotherapy in 24 patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma are
      reported. Complete regressions, including disappearance of monoclonal paraprotein
      and healing of bone lesions, were seen in 12 of 20 (60%) patients with
      disseminated disease. Extramedullary plasmacytoma responds better to chemotherapy
      than myeloma, and treatment should be pursued with vigour until all signs of
      disease have disappeared. Sensitivity to single-agent chemotherapy may vary, and
      if treatment fails with one agent, others should be tried.

PMID- 373918
TI  - Chemotherapists' need for uniform and rational nomenclature and classification of
      common lymphosarcomas and reticulosarcoma (hematosarcomas or non-Hodgkin's
      lymphomas).

PMID- 373919
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: critique and perspectives.

PMID- 373920
TI  - Preliminary results of chemo-radiotherapy followed or not by active immunotherapy
      of stage III and IV lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma. Correlation of the results
      with WHO categorisation.
AB  - We treated 101 patients with advanced (stage III and IV) lymphosarcoma and
      reticulosarcoma at first presentation of the disease or in relapse according to a
      protocol combining initial chemotherapy, complementary radiotherapy on icebergs,
      supplementary chemotherapy, and, finally, active immunotherapy. The overall
      complete remission rate was about 79% for lymphosarcoma and 73% for
      reticulosarcoma. About 50% of the patients were still in remission in each of the
      two diseases at 2 years; 60% of lymphosarcoma and 44% of reticulosarcoma patients
      achieved 2-year survival. This study shows the prognostic value of the WHO
      classification for lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma: the prognosis of
      prolymphocytic (centrofollicular) lymphosarcoma is far better than that of the
      lymphoblastic type, which is in turn better than that of the very poor prognosis
      of the immunoblastic type. The prognosis of reticulosarcoma is intermediate
      between that of the best-prognosis and that of the poorest-prognosis type of
      lymphosarcoma.

PMID- 373921
TI  - Cytostatic-associated vomiting effectively inhibited by domperidone (R 33 812).
AB  - The effect of domperidone on vomiting due to cytostatic treatment was studied
      during a double-blind trial involving 41 patients. One group received the
      sequence domperidone-placebo and the other the reverse sequence during two
      consecutive courses of cytostatic therapy (chlormethine alone or in combination
      with other cytostatics). Domperidone 2 mg/ml or the placebo was injected IV 1 h
      before the start of the cytostatic treatment. A similar injection was given 4 h
      later. Presence, duration, and incidence of nausea and vomiting before, during,
      and after the peak period (period from the second up to and including the sixth
      hour after cytostatic injection) were measured. With respect to vomiting,
      domperidone was significantly superior to placebo concerning duration and effect
      before and after the peak period in both sequences. There was no difference
      during the peak period. With respect to nausea, domperidone was superior to
      placebo concerning duration and effect during the peak period in the placebo
      domperidone sequence. No difference was observed in the reverse order. A
      significant superiority of domperidone was noted before the peak period.

PMID- 373922
TI  - High-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue in non-small-cell lung
      cancer.
AB  - Nineteen patients with non-small-cell carcinoma of the lung were treated with
      high-dose methotrexate and leucovorin rescue. Two partial responses (10.5%) were
      observed, lasting 13 and 17 weeks. Toxicity was acceptable. It is concluded that
      the occasional benefit of high-dose methotrexate with leucovorin rescue at this
      dose and according to the schedule described for these patients does not warrant
      further study.

PMID- 373924
TI  - Instantaneous blood flow responses to positive end-expiratory pressure with
      spontaneous ventilation.
AB  - Variable hemodynamic responses to positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with
      spontaneous ventilation have been reported. To clarify these responses, 15 awake
      patients were studied using a catheter-tip velocity transducer to record phasic
      aortic root blood flow continuously before, during and after PEEP (10 cm H2O)
      applied with a face mask. Central blood volume and effective ventricular filling
      pressures were measured. Phasic pulmonary artery blood flow was also
      simultaneously recorded in three of these patients. PEEP produced an acute aortic
      blood flow reduction, detected within one respiratory cycle. Stroke volume
      decreased 12%, and since heart rate was unchanged, cardiac output also declined
      (p less than 0.05). Inspiratory-to-expiratory aortic flow changes were less
      during PEEP. In contrast, inspiratory-to-expiratory pulmonary artery flow
      alterations were exaggerated due to a marked flow decline during expiration.
      Central blood volume and effective left ventricular filling pressure decreased 9%
      and 19%, respectively (p less than 0.05 in all patients). The decrease in
      pulmonary artery flow was associated with a decrease in central blood volume in
      the three patients in whom pulmonary flow was measured. PEEP promptly reduces
      cardiac output during spontaneous ventilation, related to a decrease in pulmonary
      flow in expiration.

PMID- 373923
TI  - Preliminary results of a phase II trial of aclacinomycin in acute leukaemia and
      lymphosarcoma. An oncostatic anthracyclin that is rarely cardiotoxic and induces
      no alopecia.
AB  - A phase II trial of which preliminary results are available for 22 patients
      indicates that aclacinomycin applied in a continuous modality induced complete
      and partial remission in four of nine patients with acute lymphoid leukaemia that
      was resistant to all previously available drugs, and in four of eight patients
      with stage V lymphosarcoma (leukaemic). Bone-marrow toxicity was the major side
      effect. Only one patient of 20 suffered from cardiac toxicity; no one had
      alopoecia. This very low incidence of myocardial lesions and the absence of hair
      loss had been predicted, respectively, by our electron microscope study of the
      myocardium and the light electron microscope study of the skin of golden hamsters
      [7], a test that detects frequent severe myocardium and skin toxicities for
      adriamycin and some anthracyclin analogues such as detorubicin, which was found
      to be toxic in a high percentage of patients in a clinical trial conducted by the
      E.O.R.T.C. Clinical Screening Group [8].

PMID- 373925
TI  - Enzyme immunoassay of estrogen-like substances in plasma, with polyethylene
      glycol as precipitant.
AB  - We devised an enzyme immunoassay for plasma estrogen-like substances in
      pregnancy, using estriol covalently linked to horseradish peroxidase. Free and
      bound steroid were separated by use of polyethylene glycol reagent. The assay
      satisfies the normal criteria of specificity and precision. Results obtained by
      radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay agreed well. Our assay is particularly
      applicable in smaller clinical laboratories to routine determination of plasma
      estriol in pregnancy.

PMID- 373927
TI  - Determination of valproic acid (di-N-propyl acetic acid) in plasma by gas-liquid
      chromatography with pre-column butylation.
AB  - A gas-liquid chromatographic procedure for the determination of the anti
      convulsant drug valproic acid in plasma or serum is described. Valproic acid is
      extracted from acidified plasma (or serum) into toluene containing octanoic acid
      as the internal standard. The toluene layer is back extracted with a methanolic
      solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide; an aliquot of the methanolic layer is
      mixed after phase separation with N,N-dimethylacetamide and 1-iodobutane. After
      centrifugation the clear supernatant (which is stable for at least 24 h) is
      analysed by gas-liquid chromatography, on a 3% OV17 column. The procedure is
      rapid and sensitive, and the back-extraction step with methanolic
      tetramethylammonium hydroxide results in clean chromatogram obtained from blank
      plasma. Sample volumes of 50 microliter suffice for the determination of
      therapeutic levels of VPA.

PMID- 373926
TI  - Evaluation of automated enzyme immunoassays for five anticonvulsants and
      theophylline adapted to a centrifugal analyzer.
AB  - We report a clinical evaluation of the enzyme immunoassay (EMIT) performed with
      the GEMSAEC centrifugal analyzer as compared to gas-liquid and liquid
      chromatography for anticonvulsant drugs and theophylline, respectively. A good
      correlation was obtained for all drugs, although some difficulties were
      experienced with one lot of reagent for ethosuximide. The analyzer has an
      economic advantage if many samples are being analyzed for few drugs in each
      sample.

PMID- 373929
TI  - Chromosome 8 abnormalities as components of neoplastic and hematologic disorders.
AB  - Publications involving patients with any abnormality of chromosome 8 have been
      reviewed in detail. For the time period involved, a total of 277 cases were
      found, including 74 instances of congenital aneuploidy, 130 instances of acquired
      aneuploidy, 38 instances of congenital rearrangements, and 35 instances of
      acquired rearrangements. A total of 170 cases of neoplastic and hematologic
      disorders were included; three were associated with congenital aneuploidy, two
      with congenital rearrangements, and the remaining 165 with acquired aberrations.
      The specific disorders ranged from sideroblastic anemia through chronic and acute
      leukemia to solid tumors. There appears to be a definite, though non-specific
      correlation between congenital or acquired chromosome 8 abnormalities and the
      development of certain types of neoplastic growth.

PMID- 373928
TI  - Sensitive radioimmunoassay for somatostatin using N-[125I]-Tyr-somatostatin as
      labelled antigen.
AB  - A sensitive radioimmunoassay for somatostatin using N-[125I]-Tyr-somatostatin is
      described and compared with that using [125I]-Tyr1-somatostatin. The minimum
      detectable amount of somatostatin using N-[125I]-Tyr-somatostatin as tracer was
      0.1 to 0.5 pg, which is approximately 10-fold lower than the lower detection
      limit of the RIA using [125I]-Tyr1-somatostatin. Moreover, it was found that the
      shelf-life of N[125I]Tyr-somatostatin was prolonged in comparison with labelled
      Tyr1-somatostatin. Human pancreatic and gastric extracts displayed immunological
      similarity to synthetic somatostatin tetradecapeptide.

PMID- 373930
TI  - Widespread IgE-mediated hypersensitivity in Northern Sudan to the chironomid
      Cladotanytarsus lewisi ('green nimitti').
AB  - Hypersensitivity to Chironomidae (non-biting midges) has been a problem in
      Northern Sudan since about 1927 and is probably due to the working of dams which
      have produced lake-like conditions on parts of the Blue and main Niles where
      breeding has evidently increased. Studies were undertaken to determine whether
      this hypersensitivity is mediated by IgE. Sixteen Sudanese, with bronchial asthma
      associated with exposure to the chironomid, Cladotanytarsus lewisi ('green
      nimitti'), were investigated. All patients gave a positive immediate-type skin
      reaction to an extract of the midge and the majority had markedly elevated
      concentrations of circulating IgE. Serum from all patients passively sensitized
      human lung fragments in vitro for the release of histamine and slow-reacting
      substance of anaphylaxis by the 'nimitti' antigen. This tissue-sensitizing
      activity could be removed by immunoabsorption with an anti-IgE. These results
      indicate that this widespread and important hypersensitivity in the Sudan is IgE
      mediated and thus may potentially be treated by desensitization.

PMID- 373931
TI  - Detection of circulating immune complexes in alcoholic liver disease.
AB  - Sera of twenty-five patients with alcoholic liver disease and forty normal
      control sera were screened for circulating immune complexes by means of the anti
      antibody neutralization test and by Raji-cell membrane immunofluorescence assay.
      IgG-containing immune complexes were detected in thirteen out of twenty-five
      patients with alcoholic liver diseases and in one out of forty normal
      individuals; in addition, IgA-containing complexes were demonstrated in seven out
      of thirteen sera positive for IgG complexes. The presence of immune complexes was
      restricted to alcoholic hepatitis and active cirrhosis, thus indicating a
      relationship with disease severity.

PMID- 373932
TI  - Specific suppression of antibody rebound after extracorporeal immunoadsorption.
      I. Comparison of single versus combination chemotherapeutic agents.

PMID- 373933
TI  - The role of macrophages in the lymphoproliferative response to Mycobacterium
      leprae in vitro.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients suffering from lepromatous leprosy do
      not normally react in vitro to stimulation by Mycobacterium leprae antigens. In
      contrast, we found that T cells from non-responding patients in combination with
      macrophages from responding patients or healthy contacts did respond well to M.
      leprae. Conversely, T cells from responding patients or healthy contacts in
      combinations with macrophages from non-responding patients failed to respond. It
      seems, therefore, that the lack of response normally observed in in vitro tests
      using cells from lepromatous leprosy patients is due to a failure of their
      macrophages to present M. leprae antigens in an immunogenic form.

PMID- 373934
TI  - Effect of cyclophosphamide treatment on the course of Mycobacterium lepraemurium
      infection and development of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in C57B1 and
      BALB/c mice.
AB  - Pre-treatment of Mycobacterium lepraemurium susceptible, BALB/c, and resistant,
      C57Bl, mice with cyclophosphamide markedly altered the development of delayed
      hypersensitivity during footpad infections with this organism. A tuberculin-type
      response demonstrated by untreated C57Bl mice was significantly intensified after
      week 3 in cyclophosphamide-pre-treated mice although this response had returned
      to normal levels by week 8. A Jones-Mote-type response demonstrated throughout
      experiments by untreated BALB/c mice was considerably increased in magnitude by
      week 3 in cyclophosphamide-pre-treated mice. By week 6 this response had become
      considerably protracted and was of the tuberculin-type. By week 8 however this
      response had started to diminish and by week 12 cyclophosphamide-treated and
      untreated BALB/c mice produced similar Jones-Mote-type responses when skin
      tested. Cyclophosphamide pre-treatment had no effect on the growth of M.
      lepraemurium in C57Bl mice over 12 weeks. In BALB/c mice however cyclophosphamide
      pre-treated mice demonstrated considerable resistance to infection at weeks 8 and
      10 after infection but not thereafter. Whereas the magnitude of the delayed
      hypersensitivity response in C57Bl mice could not be correlated with resistance
      such a relationship could be demonstrated in BALB/c mice.

PMID- 373936
TI  - Active T and EA-rosette-forming cells in human cadaver renal allograft
      recipients.
AB  - Active T(AT) and EA-rosette-forming cells (RFC) were determined in seventeen
      haemodialysis patients and twenty-two renal allograft recipients to correlate
      these estimates with the clinical outcome of renal allografts. Either AT- or EA
      RFC or both were found to be elevated during the period of rejection crisis.
      Assays for AT- and EA-RFC were found to be complementary suggesting that they may
      be detecting two different types of rejection crises. Thus, determination of AT-
      and EA-RFC in the peripheral blood may prove to be useful in the routine
      immunological monitoring of renal allograft recipients.

PMID- 373935
TI  - Loss of circulating T lymphocytes with normal levels of B and 'null' lymphocytes
      in Thai adults with malaria.
AB  - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from forty-nine Thai adults infected with
      either Plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium vivax were examined in order to
      determine the percentage of T, B, and Fc-receptor-bearing cells present. In
      comparison to healthy  controls, both the percentage and concentration of
      peripheral T cells were decreased in the malaria-infected individuals as assessed
      by formation of rosettes with sheep red blood cells. The percentage of peripheral
      B cells was increased but their concentration was unchanged, as assessed by two
      techniques: the presence of surface immunoglobulin and the presence of a
      complement receptor. Both the percentage and concentration of lymphocytes bearing
      Fc receptors were unchanged in infected individuals. Finally, calculation of the
      changes in 'null' cells (defined either as non-T, non-B lymphocytes or as non-T,
      non-B, non Fc-receptor-bearing lymphocytes) revealed an increase in the 'null'
      cell percentage but a decrease in the absolute number of 'null' cells. These data
      indicate that in adult Thai patients naturally infected with malaria, there is a
      real loss of circulating T lymphocytes with no real change in B, Fc-receptor
      bearing, or 'null' lymphocytes.

PMID- 373938
TI  - Kidney transplantation: the ultimate non-dialytic therapy of uremia.

PMID- 373937
TI  - The combined use of antilymphocyte serum and cyclophosphamide to suppress renal
      allograft rejection in the rat.
AB  - Cyclophosphamide and antilymphocyte serum (ALS) were compared for their ability
      to suppress renal allograft rejection in the rat. These two agents were chosen
      since they are generally considered to act on different arms of the immune
      response, and might therefore complement each other's action. Dose response
      studies showed that both agents could suppress rejection completely. There were
      no differences in their ability to suppress the lymphocytotoxic antibody response
      to the graft and the histological patterns of rejection were similar. There was
      no evidence that cyclo-phosphamide was more effective in suppressing vascular
      lesions. The doses of both agents which suppressed the lymphocytotoxic antibody
      response were substantially lower than those required to suppress graft
      rejection. When suboptimal doses of the two agents were administered together,
      the combinations were found to be additive and not synergistic.

PMID- 373939
TI  - Cancer registration in a Scottish region.

PMID- 373940
TI  - Effects of isosorbide dinitrate on pulmonary hypertension in chronic obstructive
      pulmonary disease.
AB  - Eighteen patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with pulmonary
      hypertension were studied to assess the hemodynamic response to acute oxygen
      administration and to oral isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN). All 18 patients had
      baseline hemodynamic measurements and hemodynamic measurements during low-flow
      nasal oxygen. Following a second baseline measurement, patients received either
      oral ISDN (11 patients) or placebo (7 patients) in a randomized, double-blind
      protocol. Heart rate decreased with oxygen administration but there were no other
      significant hemodynamic changes. With oral ISDN, there was a significant fall in
      pulmonary artery and brachial artery pressure. Cardiac output, right atrial
      pressure, pulmonary wedge pressure, and pulmonary vascular resistance all fell
      but not significantly. We conclude that oral ISDN is effective in reducing
      pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

PMID- 373941
TI  - gamma-Carboxyglutamate excretion and warfarin therapy.
AB  - The urinary excretion of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla), the amino acid
      involved in the vitamin K-dependent calcium binding of prothrombin and clotting
      factors VII, IX, and X, was studied in warfarin-anticoagulated patients. An
      isotope dilution procedure was developed for the measurement of free urinary Gla
      with the use of prior anion-exchange chromatography to separate and concentrate
      the free Gla from whole urine and subsequent automated amino acid analysis. Eight
      subjects on stable warfarin anticoagulant therapy and 11 comparable control
      subjects with normal coagulation were examined. Urinary Gla excretion was reduced
      in patients on warfarin anticoagulant therapy (p = 0.001) and the urinary Gla
      level correlated (r = -0.73, p = 0.001) with plasma prothrombin time. It is
      concluded that decreased urinary Gla in warfarin-treated patients is related to
      coagulation status and may be a clinically useful parameter.

PMID- 373942
TI  - Pirprofen and aspirin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Pirprofen (800 mg/day) or aspirin (3,600 mg/day) was administered in double-blind
      fashion for up to one year to 40 adult outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis,
      after a short, single-blind placebo period. There were no statistically
      significant differences in efficacy between pirprofen and aspirin, as evidenced
      by patient opinion, observer opinion, grip strength, walking time, number of
      tender joints, number of swollen joints, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
      Clinically significant pain of gastrointestinal origin occurred in an equal
      number of patients from each group. Audiologic evaluation revealed 3 pirprofen
      treated patients and 5 aspirin-treated patients in whom sensorineural hearing
      loss progressed during therapy and required either discontinuation or reduction
      of drug dosage. Ophthalmologic evaluation disclosed a high prevalence of lesions,
      the most common being decreased visual acuity and cataracts not explained by
      previous antiarthritic therapy. The high prevalence of audiologic and
      ophthalmologic pathology reported in the literature in patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis makes it difficult to establish in our study whether pirprofen or
      aspirin affected these organ systems.

PMID- 373943
TI  - National Conference on Clinical Trials Methodology: welcoming remarks.

PMID- 373944
TI  - When and how to stop a clinical trial: introduction.

PMID- 373945
TI  - Terminating a trial -- the ethical problem.
AB  - A comparative clinical trial will often lead to the conclusion that one regimen
      is clearly better than another. Should the estimated difference in the regimens
      be large and precisely determined, continuation of the trial would constitute
      abuse of the participants. Some earlier proposals for ethical decision making on
      continuing a trial are shown to be unsatisfactory, and a more general framework
      for dealing with the problem is proposed.

PMID- 373946
TI  - Terminating a long-term clinical trial.
AB  - Long-term trials often include more than one active treatment group. These may be
      discontinued independently if found ineffective or possibly harmful. Certain
      subgroups of patients may be discovered, in the course of a clinical trial, who
      do not respond satisfactorily and are, therefore, excluded during the course of a
      trial. Yet anouther kind of termination comes when we have a therapeutic
      breakthrough or when hope has to be abandoned for demonstrating beneficial
      effects for one, several, or all treatments included in a trial. Examples from
      the authors' experience are presented, as are successful and unsuccessful
      techniques in managing terminations of various types.

PMID- 373947
TI  - When and how to stop a clinical trial: invited remarks.

PMID- 373948
TI  - When and how to stop a clinical trial: invited remarks.

PMID- 373949
TI  - When and how to stop a clinical trial: invited remarks.

PMID- 373950
TI  - Problems of university-based scientists associated with clinical trials.
AB  - University faculty members who participate in clinical trials face a number of
      difficulties in connection with this association. Publication opportunities are
      often limited, and individual scholarship is difficult to express and evaluate
      within the context of a cooperative trial. Merit increases, promotion, and the
      award of tenure will usually require evidence of scholarly achievement outside
      the trial setting. For this reason, it seems inadvisable to recommend that a
      young investigator devote a major portion of his scholarly and research time to
      such an activity. A possible exception may be a full-time appointment for 1 to 2
      years. Nonetheless, cooperative clinical trials are an important investigative
      tool and they should continue to be associated with academic centers. If
      appropriate administrative arrangements can be made, it should be possible to
      solve the academic problems of the young investigator associated with such
      trials.

PMID- 373951
TI  - Effective clinical trials investigators and adequate incentives.
AB  - Because of the importance of randomized controlled trials in medical research and
      development, the most competent and qualified individuals from a variety of
      medical specialties are needed as investigators for these trials. Such people
      must be highly dedicated to the improvement of human health and they must also be
      cooperative and able to work in the highly disciplined atmosphere that such a
      trial demands. In order that the trial investigators be persons of high caliber,
      certain incentives must be guaranteed, such as recognition of one's contributions
      to the trial itself, publications, and opportunities to present study results at
      various meetings. University and medical school policies on promotion and tenure
      need to be reassessed bearing in mind the complexity of achieving optimal
      recognition of the individuals investigator's contributions to a clinical trial.

PMID- 373953
TI  - Publications and promotions for the clinical investigator.
AB  - If cooperative clinical trials are to compete with other types of clinical
      research for the attention of physician investigators, they must offer rewards in
      the form of publication credits and academic recognition. Large-scale multi
      institutional clinical trials provide less opportunity for authorship than
      individual or small-group research. This problem cannot be solved by attempts to
      multiply publications unnecessarily or to blur the meaning of authorship. Only
      those who contribute significantly to the design and interpretation of an
      experiment should be designated as authors; journals should be prepared to
      recognize all those who meet that test. Increased opportunities for authorship
      can be provided if the National Institutes of Health (NIH) encourage small-scale
      clinical trials carried out by individual investigators. Academic recognition of
      the clinical investigator in increasing and would be greatly strengthened by an
      NIH policy of greater support for this kind of research.

PMID- 373952
TI  - Who will be effective as a clinical trials investigator and what are adequate
      incentives? Appendix 1: A proposed mechanism and set of criteria for the
      evaluation of the scientific contribution of individual investigators in
      collaborative studies, including large clinical trials.

PMID- 373954
TI  - Recruitment in the Coronary Drug Project and the Aspirin Myocardial Infarction
      Study.
AB  - Both the Coronary Drug Project (CDP) and the Aspirin Myocardial Infarction Study
      (AMIS) were successfully able to recruit adequate members of postmyocardial
      infarction patients to long-term multicenter clinical trials in the secondary
      prevention of coronary heart disease. Aggressive efforts to achieve the
      recruitment within an acceptable time limit were found to be neccessary. A direct
      approach to the general public via the mass media and painstaking search of
      hospital records proved to be the most effective methods. Referral from
      physicians was not an effective way to recruit participants for the most part.
      Both the general public and the medical profession are generally supportive of
      this type of research.

PMID- 373955
TI  - Recruitment for the Coronary Primary Prevention Trial.
AB  - A preliminary account of some aspects of recruitment for the Coronary Primary
      Prevention Trial is provided. Extension of recruitment sources to include various
      forms of community screening resulted in more rapid acquisition of potential
      participants than was possible when recruitment was restricted to the more
      traditional sources of physician and laboratory referral. Extended recruitment
      was supported by augmented data feedback and by the development of the job of
      recruitment coordinator at each participating clinic. The identification of
      delays in reaching the maximal recruitment rate from particular sources points to
      the need for detailed planning of a recruitment campaign before large-scale
      clinical trials are begun.

PMID- 373956
TI  - Recruitment for the National Cooperative Gallstone Study.
AB  - The National Cooperative Gallstone Study (NCGS) recruitment experience is
      reported, and the factors determining recruitment performance at a center are
      evaluated. Recruitment performance was grouped into four major areas:
      coordinating center, protocol, patient population, and treatment center. At the
      treatment centers, no relationship was found between performance and the prior
      experience of the clinic staff in clinical trials or expertise in gallstone
      research, lack of institutional support was not initially apparent, and ancillary
      studies did not appear to stimulate performance. Neither the population density
      nor the annual rate of cholecystectomy were predictive of the monthly rate of
      patient randomization. After the initial biopsy study and in the major study,
      changes in eligibility criteria and procedural requirements were followed by an
      augmented randomization rate. No significant correlation was found between the
      rating given to a center at the time of selection and the subsequent
      randomization rate. In conclusion, the criteria used by the NCGS for treatment
      center selection were inadequate to predict subsequent performance.

PMID- 373957
TI  - Patient recruitment: other examples of recruitment problems and solutions.
AB  - Plans to recruit patients for a clinical trial must begin early and must utilize
      a variety of workable techniques if patients are to be acquired at an acceptable
      rate. Publicity campaigns must be directed toward winning the confidence and good
      will of the public and of interested physicians.

PMID- 373958
TI  - A framework for the quality assurance of clinical data.

PMID- 373959
TI  - Quality assurance of clinical data: diagnostic standardization.
AB  - Diagnostic standardization requires substantial effort, including detailed
      specification of procedures in a written protocol and training of examiners in
      such procedures. Success is neither automatic nor assured. It is essential to
      monitor performance through replicate examinations and/or computation of examiner
      variance. When examiner variance exceeds permissible limits, consideration should
      be given to discarding the data.

PMID- 373960
TI  - Quality assurance of clinical data: internal monitoring: patient and study
      management at the clinic.
AB  - Adquate methods to assure the quality of data collected at the clinic need to be
      developed. A full understanding of the limitations of physicians as information
      processors and reasonable performance expectations for physicians during peak
      information periods will result in concentrated planning for patient visits and
      will limit the data that must be collected at the clinic. It is mandatory for
      each clinical research project that protocol treatment take into account the
      question of variable provider follow-up versus constant provider follow-up. It is
      also imperative that all clinical research providers receive special training,
      testing, and follow-up evaluation. The prime responsibility for the overall
      conduct of clinical research rests with the principal investigator. A monitoring
      tool that should be more fully used is the informed patient.

PMID- 373961
TI  - Aspects of clinic monitoring in large-scale multiclinic trials.
AB  - Monitoring the implementation of large-scale and the adherence of clinical
      centers to a common protocol should be an integral part of the study design and a
      primary responsibility of the coordinating center for the study. There are four
      basic concepts in external clinic monitoring: (1) the maintenance of open lines
      of communication between all study facilities, (2) "responsibility and
      accountability" for study implementation and for the integrity of the data, (3)
      evaluation of clinic operations, and (4) analysis of data quality. A monitoring
      scheme consisting of regular telephone calls to the screening centers. periodic
      visits to the screening centers, and continuing review of the data collected can
      be effectively used by the coordinating center.

PMID- 373962
TI  - External monitoring in multiclinic trials: applications from ophthalmologic
      studies.

PMID- 373963
TI  - Quality assurance of clinical data: invited remarks. Remarks on quality
      enhancement in SENIC.

PMID- 373964
TI  - Quality assurance of clinical data: invited remarks.

PMID- 373965
TI  - Some ethical considerations in clinical trials.
AB  - The ethical norms established in various codes and regulations are inadequate to
      resolve some of the ethical problems presented by clinical trials. They are
      stated too vaguely to provide unequivocal answers to many specific questions. In
      order to remedy this situation, many commentators have proposed the development
      of more specific and complex regulations. We propose that a more fruitful
      approach would be to examine the ethical principles underlying the norms and to
      apply these principles to the specific problems. We apply this approach to two
      questions: (1) Is it ethical to select subjects for a randomized clinical trial
      (RCT) exclusively from Veterans Administration (VA) hospitals? (2) In the conduct
      of a RCT is it necessary to disclose the fact that therapy will be determined by
      chance? We conclude that problems of justice arise not only because of the
      vulnerability of patients in VA hospitals but also because of the loss of the
      physician-patient relationship in an RCT. However, the use of patients in a VA
      hospital is not always unjust; in most cases such use can be made more just
      through various modifications in design. We also conclude that the fact of
      randomization should be disclosed in any situation in which it might materially
      affect the prospective subject's decision, and that the values and preferences of
      the subjects should be taken into account in determining what information might
      be material. This work is only a preliminary step toward analyzing ethical issues
      in clinical trials. While some would challenge our conclusions, we hope that our
      methods will facilitate clarity about the locus of disagreement in current
      controversies and about the value questions that must be answered in order to set
      an ethical context for the conduct of clinical trials.

PMID- 373966
TI  - Ethical considerations in clinical trials: invited remarks.

PMID- 373967
TI  - Problems in publication of clinical trial methodology.
AB  - The literature on analgesic testing in man reveals a series of informational
      gaps. These include a failure to document the occurrence of "trials that failed",
      the problems associated with recruiting patients and in dealing with dropouts,
      the relative advantages and disadvantages of different methods of assessing
      relief from pain, the importance of baseline variables, and the utility of global
      and comparative judgments by patients. A trial is described in which only 100
      subjects of a total of over 8,000 patients theoretically available for study
      proved suitable. Significant differences between consenters and nonconsenters and
      selection factors that are used in choosing an experimental population have
      implications for the generalization of a study. Such conclusions have been
      largely ignored both in and out of the scientific literature.

PMID- 373968
TI  - Communications: Should mechanisms be established for sharing among clinical trial
      investigators experiences in handling problems in design, execution, and
      analysis? Methodology: the case for improved communications.
AB  - Despite their long history, the number that are in operation now, and the current
      level of expenditures on them, clinical trials have not been the focus of
      sufficient methodologic research. The paucity of metholologic explorations is
      further aggravated by the constraints on communications regarding methodology.
      Those individuals working in the area of clinical trials need to establish some
      professional identity with the field. Methodology in the areas of design and
      management of clinical trials needs to be stimulated, perhaps through special
      requests for applications (RFAs) and requests for proposals (RFPs).
      Communications could be improved by the establishments of a professional society,
      the development of an appropriate journal, and establishment of national training
      and information centers for clinical trials.

PMID- 373969
TI  - Retrieving information on clinical methodology.
AB  - Evidence derived from several simple searchers of the literature suggests that
      one interested in identifying papers which discuss the methodologies of clinical
      trials will have reasonable success. However, the retrieval of a meaningful
      methodologic duscussion of any actual trial is unlikely because very little of
      this information has been published. Some suggestions to remedy this deficiency
      are given.

PMID- 373970
TI  - Communications: Should mechanisms be established for sharing among clinical trial
      investigators experiences in handling problems in design, execution, and
      analysis? Problems of omission in communications.

PMID- 373971
TI  - The relative roles of surgery and radiotherapy in the management of soft tissue
      sarcomas of adults. A personal appraisal.
AB  - The literature of the last 25 years pertaining to the treatment of sarcomas of
      the soft somatic tissues by surgery and radiotherapy, both separately and in
      combination, has been reviewed. Surgery alone, if it is to be successful in an
      appreciable proportion of cases, must be radical. There is a growing body of
      evidence which suggests that less-than-radical surgery in combination with
      postoperative radiotherapy may give results equal or superior to those of radical
      surgery alone. There is need for a multicentre controlled clinical trial to
      compare the results of the two modes of treatment.

PMID- 373972
TI  - Obituary: John Caffey, MD 30 March 1895--2 September 1978.

PMID- 373973
TI  - [Double-blind comparative study of difenpyrammide and indomethacin in clinical
      research with patients].

PMID- 373974
TI  - Blood levels of drugs used in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 373976
TI  - Online literature retrieval in poison control.
AB  - Modern bibliographic databases include an increasing number of substantial
      abstracts, as well as other features which contribute to their becoming useful
      additional tools in poison control. This paper is a contribution to the
      assessment of their respective value in providing rapid and up-to-date
      information about toxic effects of drugs and chemicals, as well as about the
      therapy of poisoning. The main systems compared are Excerpta Medica, Scisearch,
      and Toxline.

PMID- 373975
TI  - Review of the toxicology of paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium chloride).

PMID- 373977
TI  - The life and afterlife of Elmer J. McCurdy, a melodrama in two acts.

PMID- 373978
TI  - History and development of the California Association of Toxicologists.

PMID- 373979
TI  - Mechanisms of acute human poisoning by pesticides.

PMID- 373981
TI  - Arab contributions to medicinal botany.

PMID- 373980
TI  - Current literature and medical toxicology.

PMID- 373982
TI  - Reception of acupuncture by the scientific community: from scorn to a degree of
      interest.
AB  - This article presents a comprehensive review of the clinical phenomenon of
      acupuncture. The historical development of this technique, in China, in other
      parts of Asia, and in the West is discussed. Contemporary advances in acupuncture
      applications, such as in anesthesia and in the treatment of drug addiction are
      reviewed. Up-to-date material regarding current physiological theories of
      acupuncture's mechanism is included. Acupuncture is seen as presenting of
      challenge to the scientific community which is moving from a posture of scorn to
      justifiable interest.

PMID- 373984
TI  - The "gap-fill" method used in Medicare fee profiles.

PMID- 373983
TI  - The Individual Practice Association comes to Connecticut: Connecticut's first IPA
      -HMO.

PMID- 373985
TI  - Stanley B. Weld 1890--1979.

PMID- 373986
TI  - Cooling of rabbit kidneys permeated with glycerol to sub-zero temperatures.

PMID- 373987
TI  - Liver preservation by cold storage with hyperosmolar solutions for twenty-four
      hours.

PMID- 373988
TI  - Comparative trial of co-trimoxazole and tetracycline in the treatment of lower
      respiratory tract infection.
AB  - One hundred and twenty-six adult patients with acute lower respiratory infection
      were studied in a double-blind trial. One group was treated with co-trimoxazole
      (480 mg trimethoprim and 2400 mg sulphamethoxazole) per day and the other group
      with tetracycline 2 g per day. The results showed that co-trimoxazole was
      significantly more effective than tetracycline as judged by clinical improvement,
      and the reduction in sputum volume and purulence. No haematological abnormalities
      were observed, but the incidence of side-effects, though mostly mild, was higher
      in the group of patients on tetracycline than in the co-trimoxazole group. The
      results of this study strongly suggest that co-trimoxazole may be a useful and
      reliable drug in the treatment and control of acute lower respiratory tract
      infection in the developing countries.

PMID- 373990
TI  - A comparative study of haloperidol and diazepam in the treatment of anxiety.
AB  - In a single-blind study in general practice, 60 patients with anxiety neuroses
      were randomly allocated to receive either 0.5 mg haloperidol twice daily or 2 mg
      diazepam 3-times daily for 6 weeks. Eighteen patients (6 on haloperidol and 12 on
      diazepam) were excluded from the analysis of efficacy. On the Hamilton Rating
      Scale both haloperidol and diazepam reduced the anxiety and depression scores.
      The investigator's assessment of 14 anxiety symptoms and signs indicated that
      haloperidol produced significantly (p=0.05) greater symptomatic improvement than
      diazepam after 4 and 6 weeks of treatment, and the patients' overall response was
      also significantly (p less than 0.005) greater with haloperidol. After 6 weeks,
      93% of patients felt 'better' or 'much better' on haloperidol, compared with 83%
      on diazepam. A few, minor side-effects were reported, slightly fewer on
      haloperidol than on diazepam. In the parameters tested in this study, haloperidol
      has been shown to be more effective than diazepam in the treatment of anxiety
      neuroses and appears to provide significantly better overall symptomatic relief
      and to be more acceptable to patients than diazepam.

PMID- 373989
TI  - A double-blind, crossover trial of mefenamic acid, sulindac and flurbiprofen in
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A double-blind crossover trial was carried out in 24 patients to compare the
      effects of mefenamic acid, flurbiprofen, sulindac and placebo. Each drug was
      given for 2 weeks, the treatment sequence being randomized. Daily doses were 1500
      mg mefenamic acid, 150 mg flurbiprofen or 150 mg sulindac. All of the active
      drugs were significantly superior to placebo in terms of pain score, patients'
      assessment, articular index of joint tenderness, and duration and severity of
      morning stiffness. There was improvement in grip strength compared with placebo,
      but the differences were not statistically significant with sulindac. There was
      slight reduction  in joint circumference but this was only statistically
      significant in the right hand with flurbiprofen and sulindac. No significant 
      differences were found in technetium uptake in knee joints. The three drugs
      appeared to be equally effective and tolerated, and no significant differences
      were noted.

PMID- 373991
TI  - Cefuroxime in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infection.
AB  - Cefuroxime is a new parenteral antibiotic with a wider spectrum of activity than
      earlier cephalosporins and is particularly active against Haemophilus influenzae,
      including strains resistant to ampicillin due to beta-lactamase production. From
      18 centres, 274 patients suffering with 275 infections were treated with
      cefuroxime sodium using the standard regimen of 750 mg 8-hourly by intramuscular
      injection. The clinical results showed a 90% success rate in the patients with
      bronchopneumonia (105), 91% in patients with post-operative pneumonia (74), and
      89% in the patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (96). Renal
      function was closely monitored during therapy, and no adverse changes
      attributable to cefuroxime therapy were seen in any patient, including those who
      also received frusemide. Two patients (0.7%) developed a rash, although 8
      penicillin-allergic patients were treated without incident. From these studies,
      it can be concluded that 750 mg cefuroxime 8-hourly is effective in the treatment
      of lower respiratory tract infections. It is suggested that the attributes of
      this antibiotic may offer several advantages over existing therapies.

PMID- 373992
TI  - Efficacy of bufexamac cream versus betamethasone valerate cream in contact
      dermatitis: a double-blind trial.
AB  - A double-blind controlled study was carried out in 72 patients with atopic or
      contact dermatitis, who were randomly allocated to receive treatment with either
      5% bufexamac, 0.1% betamethasone valerate or placebo creams. Patients applied the
      cream twice daily for 2 weeks. Assessments of the degree of severity of
      inflammation, induration, lichenification, crusts, scaling, and pruritus were
      made before and after treatment. The results showed that both active preparations
      were equally effective in improving the skin condition in the majority of the
      patients. In younger patients, however, the improvement with betamethasone
      valerate appeared to be somewhat better than that with bufexamac, particularly in
      relation to pruritus.

PMID- 373993
TI  - A comparison of salbutamol and ritodrine when used to inhibit premature labour
      complicated by ante-partum haemorrhage.
AB  - A retrospective study was carried out in 26 patients in premature labour
      complicated by antepartum haemorrhage. Patients treated with the beta-adrenergic
      agonists, salbutamol or ritodrine, continued the pregnancy longer, had smaller
      subsequent blood losses, and delivered infants in better condition than patients
      no so treated. There was little difference between the effectiveness of either
      beta-adrenergic agonist.

PMID- 373994
TI  - Mezlocillin in gonorrhoea: a pilot study.
AB  - A pilot study was carried out in 50 patients with uncomplicated, untreated
      gonorrhoea to asses the effectiveness of mezlocillin, a new semi-synthetic
      penicillin. Patients received a single intravenous injection of 2 g mezlocillin
      and were followed-up for periods up to 101 days. Four patients defaulted
      immediately. Clinical and bacteriological findings showed that only 1 of the 46
      patients followed-up had failed to respond to treatment, indicating a cure rate
      of 97.8%. Five (10.8%) male patients had developed post-gonococcal urethritis
      when seen 3 weeks or later in the follow-up period.

PMID- 373995
TI  - Indoprofen versus ibuprofen in osteoarthrosis: a short-term, double-blind,
      crossover trial.
AB  - A double-blind, crossover, short-term clinical trial was carried out in
      osteoarthrosis to compare the activity of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
      drugs. Twenty-four patients were given orally, in sequence, 600 mg indoprofen
      daily and 1200 mg ibuprofen daily, or vice-versa, for 1 week with no interval
      between treatment periods. Pain, quality of sleep, and overall effectiveness were
      recorded at the end of each week by inviting patients to express a score on a
      simple rating scale. Finally, patients were asked to express a preference for one
      treatment or the other. Significant improvement was observed in all parameters
      following treatment with both drugs. The distribution of score differences
      between indoprofen and ibuprofen was in favour of the former in all measurements;
      statistical analysis, however, demonstrated a significant superiority of
      indoprofen only for pain elicited by passive motion. The patients' preferences
      were also in favour of indoprofen, though not attaining statistical significance.
      Indoprofen was well tolerated, and no side-effects were observed. While on
      treatment with ibuprofen, 1 patient had to be withdrawn from the study because of
      gastric intolerance and 2 further patients had transient skin rashes.

PMID- 373996
TI  - Pimozide in acute schizophrenia: a pilot study.
AB  - Pimozide was used in a pilot study to treat 10 patients with frank symptoms of
      acute schizophrenia. Eight patients appeared to respond favourably to doses
      ranging from 12 to 40 mg daily. Two of the patients responded within 1 week and
      all 8 within 5 weeks. It was possible to discharge all 8 patients from hospital
      within this time period. It is concluded that oral pimozide is an effective
      treatment for the whole range of symptoms accompanying acute schizophrenia. Brief
      representative case histories are presented, and dosage recommendations for the
      effective treatment of acute schizophrenia with pimozide are discussed.

PMID- 373997
TI  - Vascular and lymphatic tumors in infancy, childhood and adulthood: challenge of
      diagnosis and treatment.
AB  - The essential features of the major benign and malignant vascular tumors
      affecting infants, children and adults have been presented. Major emphasis has
      been placed upon the classification and treatment of hemangiomas, although
      malignant vascular tumors are discussed, and extensive and selected references
      are cited. The classification system of hemangiomas presented in this monograph
      is based upon the clinical prognosis of the angioma. The principles of treatment
      for hemangiomas based upon our clinical classification are discussed and may be
      summarized as follows: 1. The diagnostic features and prognosis vary with the
      variety of the angioma. 2. Spontaneous regression occurs only with juvenile
      hemangiomas, and the major involution occurs before age 5. 3. Patients with
      rapidly growing capillary cavernous hemangiomas should be treated with steroids.
      4. Treatment modalities that increase scarring of the surface epithelium are
      contraindicated. 5. Intradermal and cirsoid angiomas do not spontaneously
      regress. 6. Congenital A-V fistulas require aggressive surgery. 7. The ultimate
      deformity resulting from angiomas may be greatly reduced by plastic surgical
      techniques. 8. Radiation therapy is never indicated for the treatment of
      hemangiomas. 9. The psychologic impact of the congenital deformity on patients is
      generally more detrimental than comparable postsurgical or traumatic deformities.

PMID- 373998
TI  - The effects of D-amphetamine on dopaminergic regulated mechanisms of
      physiological and behavioral thermoregulation.

PMID- 373999
TI  - Neurochemical issues in animal and human behavior.

PMID- 374000
TI  - Serotonin and affective disorders.

PMID- 374001
TI  - Clinical language and communication as a tool for psychopharmacological research.

PMID- 374002
TI  - Sex steroid control of intermale fighting in mice.
AB  - The data presented here are based on over 700 mice and employed over 13,000
      injections. The results obtained provide good evidence that the influences of sex
      steroids on fighting motivation in aggressive mice are discrete from the somatic
      influences of these hormones. Further, it seems possible that some of the effects
      of naturally occurring endogenous androgens in the mouse are consequent upon
      local neural aromatization of these compounds to estrogenic metabolites, before
      they exert an influence on aggressive motivation. It seems possible that this is
      a physiological effect as well as a consequence of pharmacological influence, as
      the doses of steroid employed in this present study are quite low. However, this
      model of hormone action cannot be the entire story, as 5 alpha DHT is
      behaviorally effective even though its A ring cannot be aromatized. Aggressive
      mice seem useful behavioral models for these effects. These studies indicate some
      of the likely sources of variability in the literature, as well as providing a
      number of considerations for clinical behavior therapy. They also indicate some
      of the features of steroid hormones (such as an aromatized A ring; the presence
      of a hydroxyl group at position 19; the influence of alpha hydroxyl groups, etc.)
      which may change the behavioral and somatic influences of these compounds.

PMID- 374003
TI  - Micromethod for chromosome preparations from Chinese hamster lymphocytes.
AB  - Chromosome preparations from Chinese hamster lymphocytes were made by culturing
      for 2 to 6 days 50,000 to 800,000 lymphocytes in flat-bottomed Cooke microtiter
      plates in 0.1 or 0.2 ml Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640 medium (RPMI-1640)
      supplemented with 5--40 microliters PHA/ml, 20% fetal calf serum (FCS), and 40
      microns 2-mercaptoethanol. Depending on blood volume and cell concentrations
      used, it was possible to obtain up to 1400 well-spread metaphases from one
      venepuncture.

PMID- 374004
TI  - Experimental evaluation of contrast media for use in the cerebrospinal fluid
      space.

PMID- 374005
TI  - Prostacyclin: a unique substance of physiological origin that works for the
      integrity of the cardiovascular system.

PMID- 374006
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the material Nuva-Fil].

PMID- 374007
TI  - [The importance of radical excision of a so-called nonmalignant adamantinoma of
      the mandible].

PMID- 374008
TI  - [Reduction of the mandibular arch in the correction of pseudoprognathism in
      patients with unilateral and bilateral clefts of the primary and secondary
      palate].

PMID- 374009
TI  - [Orthodontic management of the child after mandibular hemiresection].

PMID- 374010
TI  - [3 attempts at isolating lectures on dentistry at the Jagellonian University in
      the 1st half of the 19th century].

PMID- 374011
TI  - [The orthodontic course of J. R. Jarabak at Freiburg, 1978].

PMID- 374012
TI  - [Occurrence of certain streptococci in gingival pockets in relation to the
      clinical condition of the periodontium].

PMID- 374013
TI  - Prostaglandin secretion in rabbit alveolar macrophages and its relationship to
      phagocytosis.

PMID- 374014
TI  - Effect of C2-deficiency on the bactericidal activity and chemiluminescence
      responses of human neutrophils in vitro.

PMID- 374015
TI  - Chronic inflammation involving cellular hypersensitivity.

PMID- 374016
TI  - A possible link between the pulmonary and urinary tract IgA response.

PMID- 374018
TI  - Radiographic features of mediastinal anatomy.

PMID- 374017
TI  - Endotracheally administered antibiotics for gram-negative bronchopneumonia.
AB  - Sisomicin or a placebo was administered endotracheally to two groups of 18 and 20
      unconscious patients, respectively, who had tracheostomies or endotracheal tubes
      in place and developed a severe gram-negative broncho-pneumonia. In addition, the
      patients received systemically a combination of sisomicin and carbenicillin. A
      favorable clinical response was obtained in 14 (77 percent) of the 18 patients
      who were treated with sisomicin and in nine (45 percent) of the 20 patients who
      received the placebo (P less than 0.05). Endotracheal therapy with sisomicin was
      well tolerated and resulted in high levels of sisomicin and in elevated
      bactericidal activity within the bronchial secretions. Endotracheally
      administered amino-glycosides might be an important adjunct to systemically
      administered antibiotics in the management of severe gram-negative
      bronchopneumonia.

PMID- 374020
TI  - Position and positive end-expiratory pressure in lobar atelectasis.

PMID- 374019
TI  - The concentration of tobramycin in bronchial secretions.
AB  - Fifteen noninfected patients received three consecutive doses of tobramycin (1.7
      mg/kg intramuscularly). Serum and bronchial secretions were obtained during
      bronchoscopy. Microbiologic assay demonstrated that bronchial secretions
      containing tobramycin produced inappropriately small zone sizes when compared
      with serum. Also, it was shown that bronchial secretions frequently do achieve
      therapeutic concentrations of tobramycin at this dosage level and route of
      administration.

PMID- 374021
TI  - The sexual abuse of children and minors: a bibliography.

PMID- 374022
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of a new analgesic].

PMID- 374024
TI  - [In memoriam Karl Heinrich Bauer].

PMID- 374023
TI  - [Catheter dilatation of arterial stenosis after renal transplantation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Post-anastomotic arterial stenosis after renal transplantation requires active
      intervention in order to save the transplant. As an alternative to a taxing
      surgical reoperation selective transluminal catheter dilatation was performed in
      one case and severe stenosis was removed. Rapid normalisation of blood pressure
      and recovery of excretory function should encourage further such therapeutic
      attempts in stenoses in these high-risk patients.

PMID- 374025
TI  - [Supply of magnesium to the dairy cow during pasturing].

PMID- 374026
TI  - [Amyloidosis in chronic erysipelas polyarthritis in pigs (author's transl)].

PMID- 374027
TI  - [Mean-cell-volume (MCV), mean-cell-hemoglobin (MCH) and mean-cell-hemoglobin
      concentration (MCHC) of fetal erythrocytes of German black-pied cattle during the
      second half of pregnancy (author's transl)].

PMID- 374028
TI  - [Experiments on immunization of pigeons with a salmonella mineral-oil vaccine
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 374029
TI  - [Experimental transmission of canine babesiosis (Babesia canis) by native German
      ticks: 1. The brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) (author's transl)].

PMID- 374030
TI  - [Chronic cardiac insufficiency of an aged sow].

PMID- 374031
TI  - [Duodenal stress ulceration in a cow, leading to emergency slaughter].

PMID- 374032
TI  - [WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Veterinary Public Health
      at the Hannover Veterinary College. 7th seminar on environmental hygiene, 14 Mar
      1979: Air pollutants in animal husbandry" Part 1. Type and composition of air
      pollutants in domestic-animal husbandry and their effects in the vicinity of
      animal housing (proceedings)].

PMID- 374033
TI  - [Possibilities in the determination and evaluation of air pollutants
      (proceedings)].

PMID- 374034
TI  - [Influence of animal-husbandry procedures and stable operation on the development
      of air pollutants (proceedings)].

PMID- 374035
TI  - [Technical ventilation measures for the improvement of emission distribution from
      animal housings (proceedings)].

PMID- 374036
TI  - [Procedure for the cleaning of used air in animal housings].

PMID- 374037
TI  - [Tasks, development and contents of the VDI (Vereinigung Deutscher Ingenieure-
      Association of German Engineers) guidelines: "Limitation of exhausts in animal
      husbandry" (proceedings)].

PMID- 374038
TI  - [Professor G.W. Rieck, Giessen, retires].

PMID- 374039
TI  - [Aspiration pneumonitis].

PMID- 374040
TI  - [Glucagon treatment in acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 374042
TI  - Obituary. R.R. Scott, C.M.G., M.C., M.B., D.P.H.

PMID- 374041
TI  - [Therapeutic differences between atenolol and pindolol in asthmatic patients].

PMID- 374043
TI  - Bacteriology of acute appendicitis in Khartoum.

PMID- 374044
TI  - [The axial tooth movements after the fitting of cast single restorations].

PMID- 374045
TI  - [Kinetics and load distribution of supported free-end prostheses. IV. Effect of
      the saddle curvature on the saddle resp. abutment kinetics and the load
      distribution in prosthesis beds without abutments].
AB  - The influence of the saddle curvature on abutment tooth kinetics and abutment
      tooth stress was studied with unilateral rigid and movable free-end saddle
      dentures. The results showed that, independent of the length of the saddle and/or
      of the saddle curvature, considerable horizontal and vertical extrusive abutment
      tooth stress is present in addition to vertical intrusive abutment tooth stress.
      The saddle kinetics are basically influenced by the form of the saddle. The
      kinetics cannot be altered appreciably because of the mechanical characteristics
      of the connecting elements; it can only be surpressed at the cost of increased
      pier stress.

PMID- 374046
TI  - [Kinetics and load distribution of supported free-end prostheses. V. Effect of
      the saddle curvature on the load on the edentulous prosthesis bed and the
      pressure transmitting saddle surface].

PMID- 374047
TI  - [The complication rate of pretreated and not pretreated patients with
      hemodialysis, kidney transplantation and radiation therapy].

PMID- 374048
TI  - Treatment of intrabony defects.
AB  - New attachment of periodontal tissues can be obtained following surgical
      treatment of intrabony pockets. To day flap procedures with complete surgical
      opening to the defect and removal of all soft material from the intrabony lesion
      often followed by bone transplantation constitute the accepted approach to obtain
      a new connective tissue attachment. However, since the epithelium of elevated
      full thickness flaps are well preserved, the placement of these flaps adjacent to
      the treated areas facilitate the migration of epithelium into the defects. In a
      search for means to retard epithelial proliferation into the defects,
      disintegration of epithelium of free gingival grafts within the first days
      following transplantation might possibly be utilized in new attachment attempts.
      It has been demonstrated in three-wall intrabony defects in monkeys and in
      humans, that if the intrabony defect is covered with a free transplantat
      following a split flap procedure the epithelial migration into the defect will be
      delayed. This procedure resulted in a greater amount of new attachment when
      compared with traditional flap surgery and less residual pockets. The succes of
      new attachment procedures is directly related to the abscense of plaque in the
      area where regeneration takes place. Without absolute plaque control a further
      loss of attachment can be seen.

PMID- 374049
TI  - [Healing of a spongiosa graft in the periodontal pocket (animal experimental
      study)].
AB  - Healing of cancellous bone grafts taken from the iliac crest which were implanted
      in alveolar bone pockets were followed with polychromatic sequence marking in
      animal experiments using beagle dogs. Healing of the cancellous bone graft is
      unproblematic only in the case of one- and two-walled defects. A periodontal
      fissure of normal width, but perforated by ankyloses, formed within seven weeks.
      The fissures are considerably more pronounced when the dentin is denuded than
      when the cement layer has been preserved.

PMID- 374050
TI  - [Experimental studies with bone forming tissue (sclera, spongiosa and cortical
      bone) after experimentally produced bone lesions in the Beagle periodontium].

PMID- 374051
TI  - [Experimental studies on a periodically reproducible radiologic interpretation in
      bone transplantations].
AB  - A method of radiologic evaluation using a semiautomatic image analysis device was
      developed which permits a two-dimensional analysis of bony changes in time
      intervals. The objective reproducibility of the evaluation was determined in a
      control group of four patients without signs of periodontal changes. The standard
      deviation was 7%. The statistical analysis of the subjective range of radiologic
      interpretation showed a standard deviation of 9.1%. This method of radiologic
      evaluation was applied to control examinations of 20 patients with bone grafts.
      It was possible to carry out a percent and an absolute evaluation of the bony
      changes in time intervals.

PMID- 374052
TI  - [Intensive drug therapy of the marginal periodontium].
AB  - Two composite pastes composed of iodoformglycerin-tween 80 and tribromphenol
      bismuth-glycerin were examined using the results of microbiologic studies.
      Because of their broad antimicrobial spectrum and their easy application, both
      pastes are suitable for primary control of bacteria in periodontal pockets,
      particularly when the complete picture of an inflammation is present. The
      application period for the therapeutic use of corticosteroids should be limited.
      In addition to freedom from pain, initially slight tissue damage may worsen
      considerably with prolonged use of these pastes.

PMID- 374053
TI  - [Persistency and resistance of streptococci isolated from periodontal pockets].
AB  - Intradermal injection of cell walls or cell wall constituents (Peptidoglycane) of
      Streptococcus sanguis II in experimental animals caused a similarly severe
      inflammatory reaction as with Streptococcus A. The three "viridans" species of
      streptococci proved to be resistant to complement (active serum) as well as to
      lysozyme and were superior to Streptococcus A in their capacity for resistance to
      another type of muralytic enzyme isolated from Streptomyces albus. The new
      acylureido penicillins (Mezlocillin, Azlocillin) had an almost equally inhibitory
      effect on the growth of the various species of bacteria. The "viridans" and beta
      haemolytic types of streptococci which induce a chemotactic reaction in vitro
      were about equally rapidly and effectively killed in the phagocytes
      (granulocytes, monocytes) isolated from a patient.

PMID- 374054
TI  - [Georgi Gulubov (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 374055
TI  - [80th anniversary of the birth of Docent Minko Dimitrov Dobrev].

PMID- 374056
TI  - Analysis of EEG non-stationarities.

PMID- 374057
TI  - Therapeutic electrical stimulation. The transistorized placebo?
AB  - (1) Electrical stimulation therapy for patients suffering with labile signs and
      symptoms, and these include all varieties of acute and chronic pains, seizures
      and spasticity, has come into fashion and gone, and come again with each new
      technological advance for the past two hundred years. (2) A proportion of
      patients with chronic disease have their suffering made worse if they feel
      deprived of the latest therapy and may be relieved if they are given it in the
      right circumstances. In this group the relief will usually be temporary and the
      limited supply of such reactors will promote the cycle of fashion. In a group of
      126 patients with chronic pain associated with organic disease who were offered
      transcutaneous stimulation, only 23 (18%) continued to use it one year after they
      started. (3) The cycling of therapeutic fashion is assisted not only because
      relief is often temporary, but also by the difficulty in establishing the normal
      range of variability from which significant change can be assessed and by the
      uncertain relationship between signs and symptoms and for the functions of daily
      living. For these reasons there is an inevitable tendency to temporary over
      optimism and it seems impossible to counter this by the execution of a
      satisfactory clinical trial, since the patient cannot be "blind" and a
      significant variable is the enthusiasm with which a therapy is surrounded. (4)
      Electrical stimulation by cutaneous devices or implants can give much benefit to
      some patients in whom other methods have failed and there are indications, not
      only from anecdote and clinical impression but also now from experimental
      physiology, that it may benefit by mechanisms of interaction at the first sensory
      synapse. It is, however, an over-simplification to regard any therapy as either
      strictly physiological or simply fraudulent. Like other so-called placebos,
      physical methods of therapy can presumably act on hormonal systems associated
      with stress and the experience of pain.

PMID- 374058
TI  - Release of prostaglandin Es by hypothalamic tissue: evidence for their
      involvement in catecholamine-induced luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      release.

PMID- 374059
TI  - The sensitizing effect of estrogens and catechol estrogen on cultured pituitary
      cells to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone: its antagonism by progestins.

PMID- 374060
TI  - Somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, substance P, and neurotensin: cellular
      distribution and effects on stimulated insulin secretion in the mouse.

PMID- 374061
TI  - Regional brain content of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in sheep during
      the estrous cycle, seasonal anestrus, and after ovariectomy.

PMID- 374062
TI  - Perturbation of hormone storage and release induced by cyproheptadine in rat
      pancreatic islets in vitro.
AB  - The effects of cyproheptadine (CPH) added in vitro were studied in rat pancreatic
      islets maintained in culture medium. CPH added over 6 days resulted in either an
      increase (5 X 10(-7) M CPH) or a marked, but reversible decrease (5 X 10(-5 M) in
      insulin content of islets when related to that of controls. At both
      concentrations, however, total recoverable insulin from islets, cells detached
      from islets, and medium was decreased relative to control cultures. The increased
      insulin content observed after 6 days with 5 X 10(-7) M CPH may be explained by
      the partial inhibition of insulin release, preventing the normally occurring
      early drop in insulin content of control islets. The decreased total recoverable
      insulin in the culture system with 5 X 10(-5) M CPH (17% of the initial insulin
      content of the islets placed into the CPH-containing culture medium) was not
      acounted for by the combined effects of insulin degradation in the culture medium
      and inhibition of insulin biosynthesis. Together and by exclusion these data
      suggest increased insulin degradation within beta-cells as a result of exposure
      to 5 X 10(-5) M CPH. Since increased intracellular insulin degradation was not
      found at 5 X 10(-7) M CPH, the data suggest that only severe inhibition of
      insulin release (5 X 10(-5) M CPH) increases intracellular insulin degradation.
      CPH added in vitro irreversibly decreased islet glucagon content; the data
      suggest that these effects are due to alterations in the physical properties of
      the peripheral cell layers of isolated islets. Studies with 5 X 10(-5) M CPH on
      the biosynthesis of insulin immunoreactive material failed to link the appearance
      of flocculent material in dilated cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum
      (observed by electron microscopy) with accumulation of an immunoreactive
      biosynthetic precursor for insulin.

PMID- 374064
TI  - A comparison of bioactivity and immunoactivity of luteinizing hormone stored in
      and released in vitro from pituitary glands of rats under various gonadal states.

PMID- 374063
TI  - Estrogen-modulated uterine gene transcription in relation to decidualization.

PMID- 374065
TI  - Further evidence that luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone also is follicle
      stimulating hormone-releasing hormone.

PMID- 374066
TI  - Evidence for adrenal involvement in the modulatory role of prolactin in
      luteinizing hormone secretion in the male rat.

PMID- 374067
TI  - Comparison of the biosynthesis and release of luteinizing hormone by rat
      pituitaries in vitro in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.

PMID- 374068
TI  - Endogenous opioids participate in the regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary
      luteinizing hormone axis and testosterone's negative feedback control of
      luteinizing hormone.
AB  - Two narcotic antagonists, naloxone and naltrexone, significantly elevated serum
      LH levels in male rats within minutes after their sc injection. The peak increase
      in serum LH occurred 20 min after the injection. Naloxone increased LH levels up
      to a dose of 1 mg/kg, after which no further increases were found. A dose of 0.35
      mg/kg produced a half-maximal response. The exogenous opioid morphine blocked the
      increase in LH produced by naloxone in a dose-dependent fashion, suggesting that
      the specific receptor-blocking effects of the antagonist could account for its
      enhancement of serum LH levels. The locus of action of naloxone within the
      hypothalamic-pituitary-LH axis appeared to be at the level of the hypothalamus
      since the drug had no effect on LHRH-stimulated release of LH by the anterior
      pituitary and did not block dihydrotestosterone's suppression of pituitary LH
      release in vitro. Naloxone also prevented testosterone's negative feedback
      inhibition of serum LH in the castrated male rat. The results of these studies
      suggest that endogenous opioids exist in brain tissue which normally inhibit
      activity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-LH axis and participate in the androgen
      dependent feedback control of LH elaboration by this axis.

PMID- 374070
TI  - Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone: sequential versus conformational
      specificity of antiluteinizing hormone-releasing hormone sera.

PMID- 374069
TI  - Starvation diabetes in the rat: onset, recovery, and specificity of reduced
      responsiveness of pancreatic beta-cells.
AB  - A 24-h starvation markedly diminished the stimulant action of 8 mM glucose on
      insulin secretion from isolated perifused rat islets of Langerhans. The response
      to a supramaximal glucose stimulus (27.5 mM) remained normal, but prolonged
      fasting (48 or more) also reduced its efficacy. Refeeding of 24-h fasted animals
      resulted in complete restoration of glucose sensitivity within 24 h. The
      responses to glyceraldehyde (2 mM) and alpha-ketoisocaproate (8 mM) at
      concentrations which elicit approximately half-maximal stimulation were unaltered
      by a 24-h fast, while that to a half-maximally effective dose of mannose (15 mM)
      was decreased. Theophylline (5 mM) could not normalize the reduced secretory
      response to glucose seen in this state. The islets' ability to metabolize
      glucose, using various in vitro pretreatment protocols and different incubation
      times, was not affected by a 24-h fast. Mannose and glyceraldehyde metabolism
      were also unaltered. Prolonged fasting (48 h) reduced glucose metabolism by 25%
      at both 8 and 27.5 mM. The acute adaptive changes in islet sensitivity to
      moderate glucose and mannose concentrations during short term fasting (24 h)
      cannot be explained by an altered usage of the added hexoses.

PMID- 374071
TI  - Autopsy in Israel: political pressures and medical policy.

PMID- 374072
TI  - An investigation of the conformational properties of ribosomes using N
      ethylmaleimide as a probe.
AB  - The reactivity of ribosomal proteins towards N-ethylmaleimide has been examined
      in a variety of ribosome and ribosomal subunit preparations from Escherichia
      coli. The data show that samples which would be regarded as equivalent
      operationally can differ significantly in conformation, as judged by reactivity,
      depending on the method of preparation. The washing of ribosomes with high
      concentrations of salt has a particularly dramatic effect on protein reactivity.
      The implications of these results for our understanding of ribosome conformation
      and for the further study of conformation by chemical reactivity are discussed.

PMID- 374073
TI  - Messenger RNA of the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from
      Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Isolation and properties.
AB  - Polysomes specifically synthesizing the large subunit of ribulose-1,5
      bisphosphate carboxylase were isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardi cells by the
      indirect immunoprecipitation method. Electrophoretic analysis showed that the
      immunoprecipitated polysomes were of chloroplast origin. The mRNA coding for the
      large subunit which was purified from immunoprecipitated polysomes migrated at
      the 19-S position on sucrose density gradients, and its molecular weight was
      estimated to be 7.3 x 10(5) by acid-urea/agarose gel electrophoresis. The mRNA
      was translated in vivo with a cell-free protein-synthesizing system derived from
      Escherichia coli to give full-length large-subunit polypeptides.

PMID- 374074
TI  - Cell-free transcription and translation of total spinach chloroplast DNA.

PMID- 374075
TI  - Yeast tRNA Leu UAG. Purification, properties and determination of the nucleotide
      sequence by radioactive derivative methods.
AB  - A second major species of leucine tRNA, tRNA Leu UAG (formerly designated tRNA
      Leu CUA) was purified from baker's yeast in a three-step procedure entailing BD
      cellulose chromatography in the presence and absence of Mg2+ and Sephadex G-100
      gel filtration. Results of aminoacylation and partial RNase T1 digestion
      experiments showed that this tRNA retains a native conformation under conditions
      that denature yeast tRNA Leu m5CAA (tRNA3 Leu). The primary structure of baker's
      yeast tRNA Leu UAG was elucidated by application of sensitive radioactive isotope
      derivative ("postlabeling") methods. Complete RNase T1 and A and partial RNase U2
      fragments, prepared from non-radioactive tRNA and 5'-half and 3'-half molecules,
      were separated by two-dimensional polyethyleneimine-cellulose anion-exchange thin
      layer chromatography and isolated by a novel micropreparative procedure affording
      high yields of these compounds in sufficient purity for subsequent tritium
      derivative analysis. Base composition and sequence of oligonucleotides were
      analyzed by tritium derivative methods. Molar ratios of the fragments were
      determined from the radioactivity of 3H-labeled nucleoside trialcohols in
      combination with base analysis. 2'-O-Methylated guanosine was characterized using
      the [gamma-32P]ATP/polynucleotide kinase reaction. The analysis of classical
      complete and partial RNase digests by the tritium derivative methods yielded the
      complete nucleotide sequence of the tRNA. A total of about 20 A260 units of the
      RNA was used for analysis, i.e. considerably less material than required for
      conventional spectrophotometric analysis. A different sequencing approach,
      consisting of a combination of "readout sequencing" with tritium sequencing of
      complete RNase T1 and A fragments, was applied to the 3'-half molecule. The 3'
      half molecule was labeled with 32P at its 5' terminus, partially degraded with
      RNase T1, U2, and Phy1 and with alkali, and subjected to polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. The sequence was read off the gel on the basis of cleavage
      patterns and size of the fragments. While the readout procedure provided only the
      positions of A, U, C, and G residues in the chain, additional information from
      tritium derivative analysis was utilized to define the positions of the modified
      nucleosides. The readout sequencing procedure was found to require less than 0.01
      A260 unit of RNA and the analysis of the complete fragments about 6 A260 units.
      Interesting structural features of tRNA Leu UAG are (a) the location of unique,
      leucine tRNA iso-acceptor-specific sequences next to U-8, a constant nucleotide
      participating in synthetase recognition, (b) the occurrence of 1-methyladenosine
      in the T loop, a modification not present in the structurally related tRNA Leu
      m5CAA, and (c) the unusual presence of an unmodified uridine in the first
      position of the anticodon, which may be related to the unusual coding properties
      reported for this tRNA.

PMID- 374076
TI  - Limited proteolysis of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 374077
TI  - Studies on the multi-enzyme complex of yeast fatty-acid synthetase. Reversible
      dissociation and isolation of two polypeptide chains.
AB  - 1. The multi-enzyme complex of fatty acid synthetase, Mr 2300,000, was
      dissociated by acylation with dimethyl maleic anhydride under conditions which
      lead to an acylation of about 30% of the epsilon amino groups of lysine. The
      complete dissociation into the subunits alpha and beta is demonstrated by
      analytical ultracentrifugation as well as disc gel electrophoresis. 2. This
      dissociation is reversible. Hydrolysis of the resulting protein dicarboxylic acid
      monoamides under mildly acidic conditions leads to the unmodified subunits, which
      can be reconstituted to form a complex displaying about 60% of the original
      activity. 3. The subunits were isolated by sucrose-density-gradient
      centrifugation and studied for the different partial enzyme activities involved
      in long-chain fatty acid synthesis: malonyl, palmitoyl and acetyl transferase,
      enoyl reductase and dehydratase were shown to be exclusive functions of the beta
      chains of the complex, confirming a pentafunctional role of this subunit.

PMID- 374078
TI  - The kinetics of Schiff-base formation during reconstitution of D-serine
      apodehydratase from Escherichia coli with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.
AB  - Schiff base formation during reconstitution of D-serine dehydratase (Escherichia
      coli) from its apoenzyme and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (pyridoxal-P) has been
      studied by rapid kinetic techniques using absorbance changes at 436 nm. Three
      distinct reaction phases have been observed. The first is a very rapid change
      during which pyridoxal-P is initially bound to the apoenzyme. This step has an
      equilibrium constant of 1500 M-1 and a forward reaction rate of the order of 2.6
      x 10(6) M-1 s-1. The second phase shows a first-order rate constant with a value
      dependent on pyridoxal-P and corresponds to a first-order step with a forward
      rate constant of 3.04 s-1 interacting with the initial equilibrium. The final
      phase is a slow first-order reaction, the rate constant of which is approximately
      0.01 s-1 and is independent of pyridoxal-P concentration. The active pyridoxal
      species has been shown to be the free pyridoxal-P as opposed to hemiacetal or
      hemimercaptal forms.

PMID- 374079
TI  - Ribosomal translocation assayed by the matrix-bound poly(uridylic acid) column
      technique.
AB  - The system of translation of cellulose-bound poly(uridylic acid) by Escherichia
      coli ribosomes has been used for preparation of pre-translocation state ribosomes
      in columns. Translocation has been induced by passing the elongation factor G (EF
      G) with GTP or its non-cleavable analog (guanosine 5'-[beta, gamma
      methylene]triphosphate) through the column. A method for quantitative comparison
      of translocation rates, and thus of effectiveness of translocation-inducing
      factors, has been proposed. The method is based on an analysis of the profile of
      deacylated tRNA elution resulting from translocation in the column. The
      determination of the rate and amount of translocation has been done under
      different ionic conditions. It has been found that the Mg2+ concentration is a
      decisive factor of translocation in vitro: at high Mg2+ (30 mM) EF-G cannot
      induce translocation, and lowering the Mg2+ concentration (to 10 mM) is required
      for EF-G to become effective. Sufficiently low Mg2+ (3 mM) itself has proved to
      induce fast and complete translocation, without EF-G.

PMID- 374080
TI  - The 'DNA-membrane complex' of Escherichia coli B/r. Its composition and
      properties and the fate of nascent and genome DNA during DNA synthesis.
AB  - The composition and properties of 'DNA-membrane complex' of Escherichia coli B/r
      have been investigated. The 'complexes' contain most of the DNA and membrane of
      the cells, and about 50% and 25% of the RNA and protein respectively. The
      properties of DNA synthesized by the 'complexes' are described and the process is
      concluded to be largely mediated through polymerase I. Nascent DNA synthesized by
      the 'DNA-membrane complexes' was of two main classes, one of molecular weight
      around 600,000--800,000 and the other of higher molecular weight. Polynucleotide
      ligase activity was not detectable. The onset of synthesis coincided with the
      dissociation of at least 70% of the genome DNA and all of the nascent DNA from
      the 'complexes' and was concomitant with the action of a nuclease on parental
      DNA. This nuclease activity was not ATP-dependent.

PMID- 374082
TI  - Cognitive functioning of psychotic children: a reappraisal.

PMID- 374081
TI  - Consecutive study of early CPAP-application in hyaline membrane disease.
AB  - Continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) has been applied with a face-chamber
      in 74 infants with hyaline membrane disease (HMD) before 10 h of age. The total
      survival rate was 91% and the complication rate of pneumothorax was low (5%). The
      incidence of long term developmental and neurological sequelae was also low (4%).
      Among the 19 surviving very low birth-weight (VLBW) infants below 1501 g, only
      one has shown neurological sequelae at follow-up examinations after 18 months to
      3 years of age. The incidence of cerebellar hemorrhage was not higher in infants
      treated with the CPAP face chamber than in infants not receiving assisted
      ventilation. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia did not occur in any infant treated with
      CPAP face chamber only. The main advantages with the face chamber technique are:
      no disturbance of glottis function, no mucosal damage and tube obstruction, or
      sudden pressure drops, as seen with other modes of CPAP application. The face
      chamber technique is suitable for early application of CPAP in infants with HMD
      as it is efficient, without hazards, and easily applied.

PMID- 374083
TI  - Educational placement of children with spina bifida.

PMID- 374084
TI  - The chemotherapy--radiotherapy sequence in the management of Hodgkin's disease.
      Results of a clinical trial.

PMID- 374085
TI  - Blood lymphocytes in myeloma patients; high percentage of complement receptor
      bearing cells is accompanied by decreased anti-immunoglobulin (Ig) binding
      capacity.

PMID- 374086
TI  - Advanced breast cancer: are the traditional stratification parameters still of
      value when patients are treated with combination chemotherapy?

PMID- 374087
TI  - A study on the aetiological factors of bilharzial bladder cancer in Egypt. 3.
      Urinary beta-glucuronidase.

PMID- 374088
TI  - Absorption of digoxin in severe right heart failure.
AB  - The absorption of digoxin has been investigated in 8 patients before and after
      successful treatment of severe right heart failure. 3H-digoxin 0.1 mg as a
      solution, and un-labelled digoxin 0.25 mg as a tablet, were given to fasted
      patients. Blood samples were taken at various time intervals up to 120 hours and
      urine was collected over the same period. The concentrations of labelled digoxin
      in plasma and urine were measured in a liquid scintillation counter, unlabelled
      digoxin was estimated by radioimmunoassay, and various pharmacokinetic parameters
      were calculated. There was no significant difference in the plasma concentration
      curves in severe right heart failure and after its successful treatment, nor did
      any of the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters change significantly. Therefore,
      inhibition of the absorption of digoxin appears unlikely. In an additional study
      to estimate absolute bioavailability two different groups of patients in severe
      right heart failure were given 3H-digoxin 0.1 mg or unlabelled digoxin 0.25 mg
      i.v. and the pharmacokinetic parameters were compared with those from the
      previous study. The bioavailability of the 3H-digoxin solution and of the digoxin
      tablet were in the same range as values previously published for healthy
      volunteers, and patients both with and without cardiac failure.

PMID- 374089
TI  - Disposition of guanethidine during chronic oral therapy.
AB  - The plasma level and urinary excretion rate of guanethidine have been measured in
      30 patients during oral maintenance therapy, and in 5 patients following
      discontinuous of therapy. A significant correlation was found between the daily
      average urinary excretion and the maintenance dose, although wide interindividual
      variation was noted among patients maintained on the same dose. A statistically
      significant correlation was also observed between the area under the plasma level
      curve during the dose interval and the oral maintenance dose. After
      discontinuation of chronic therapy, the half-life of 1.5 days of the initial
      phase of elimination was essentially in agreement with the half-life of almost 2
      days determined in acute studies. In addition, a second phase of elimination with
      a half-life of 4 to 8 days was observed.

PMID- 374091
TI  - Induction in vitro of reversible immunosuppression and inhibition of B cell
      receptor regeneration by defined metabolites of cyclophosphamide.

PMID- 374090
TI  - Anti-peroxidase antibody-secreting hybrid lines. I. Identification, cloning and
      cell characterization.
AB  - Anti-peroxidase antibody (Ab)-secreting hybrids have been produced by fusion of
      peroxidase (PO)-immunized mouse lymph node cells and immunoglobulin (Ig)
      secreting P3-X63-Ag8 (X63) myeloma cells. Identification of Ab-secreting hybrids
      can be performed as early as day 5 after cell fusion by the hemolytic plaque
      assay. Immediately after identification, hybrids were directly isolated, by means
      of a micropipette, into Terasaki microchambers containing nutrient medium and a
      thymocyte filler layer. The yield of secreting hybrids is improved by using this
      procedure. All the cells of the PO 772 C2 clone show the same ultrastructural
      pattern and immunocytological properties; they are proplasmocytes, as are the
      parental X63 cells; they present intracisternae Ab and show no Ig or Fc receptors
      at the cell surface. Over 90% of viable PO 772 C2 cells form specific plaques.
      Isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis show that the cells of this clone secrete Ab; the secreted Ig are
      formed with chi and gamma 1 chains from the parental X63 cells and specific L and
      H chains from the lymphoid parent. These biological investigations demonstrate
      the relative stability of the PO 772 C2 clone secreting anti-peroxidase antibody.

PMID- 374092
TI  - Maturation of B lymphocytes. II. Sequential appearance of increasing IgM and IgD
      in the adult bone marrow.
AB  - The relationship between surface IgM (sIgM) and surface IgD (sIgD) was examined
      on small lymphocytes in the adult murine bone marrow or prepubertal spleen. Cells
      were sorted on the basis of different sIgM levels by a fluorescence-activated
      cell sorter (FACS) and relabeled for sIgD or total sIg by a sandwich technique
      using 125I-labeled protein A and radioautography. For detecting sIgD, an anti
      delta allotype reagent was used in congenic mice. Cells lacking sIgM in the bone
      marrow or spleen were also found to be sIgD-; thus, sIgD appeared only in the
      presence of sIgM. Weak sIgM-bearing cells in the bone marrow also had no sIgD
      indicating that sIgD appeared only after the acquisition of a significant level
      of sIgM. Subsequently, the incidence of sIgD+ cells increased in fractions
      showing increasing sIgM levels indicating the acquisition of new sIgD by "sIgM
      only" cells with increasing maturation levels in the bone marrow. In marrow
      lymphoid cells expressing both Ig isotypes, sIgM and sIgD levels increased in
      parallel, possibly with increasing maturation level. In the spleen, the incidence
      of sIgD+ cells among various cell fractions showing different sIgM levels was
      found constant. However, spleen cells bearing both receptors, showed a small
      increase in the sIgD level with increasing sIgM level.

PMID- 374093
TI  - The immune response of CBA/N mice and their F1 hybrids to 2,4,6
      trinitrophenylated (TNP) antigens. I. Analysis of the response to TNP-coupled
      lipopolysaccharide in vivo and at the clonal level.
AB  - Plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses to 2,4,6-trinitrophenylated
      lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS) were studied in normal and immunodeficient mice. In
      vivo immunizations with TNP-LPS showed a 25--50% reduction in PFC responses in
      CBA/N mice and their (CBA/N X BALB/c)F1(NBF1) male hybrids with an X-linked
      immune defect of B lymphocyte differentiation. A detailed clonal analysis of the
      reduced responses to TNP-LPS revealed that CBA/N and NBF1 male mice with the X
      linked genetic defect have fewer precursor B cells engaged in the response to TNP
      LPS than the control mice. The reduction in precursor cell numbers affects
      selectively B cells secreting high avidity anti-TNP antibodies as determined by
      PFC inhibition studies.

PMID- 374094
TI  - Reactivity of monoclonal anti-melanoma antibodies with melanoma cells freshly
      isolated from primary and metastatic melanoma.
AB  - Human melanoma cells, freshly obtained from nine primary and metastatic melanoma
      cases, were tested for binding of monoclonal anti-melanoma antibodies produced in
      vitro by hybridoma clones. Monoclonal anti-melanoma antibodies bind to melanoma
      cells but do not react with nonmalignant cells obtained from the same patients or
      with cells obtained from giant hairy nevus. These results confirm the existence
      of tumor-specific antigens. Binding of monoclonal antibodies to melanoma cells of
      several origins, primary or metastatic, from different patients suggests the
      existence of tumor antigens shared by human melanoma cells. The binding pattern
      of different antibodies to various cells also predicts the existence of more than
      one tumor-specific antigenic determinant on melanoma cells.

PMID- 374095
TI  - Purification with monoclonal antibody of a predominant leukocyte-common antigen
      and glycoprotein from rat thymocytes.
AB  - A leukocyte-common (L-C) antigen which can be dominant as an immunogen in rabbit
      anti-rat thoracic duct lymphocyte serum has been purified from rat thymocytes.
      Initially, an antigenic fragment of 100,000 apparent mol. wt. was prepared at 400
      to 900-fold purification by lentil lectin affinity chromatography and gel
      filtration in deoxycholate. Mice were then immunized with this fraction, and a
      hybrid myeloma cell line secreting antibody to the L-C antigen was prepared by
      cell fusion. This antibody was used for affinity chromatography and gave pure L-C
      antigen at 1400-fold purification compared with thymocytes. The L-C antigen is a
      major membrane glyco-protein of rat thymocytes and has an apparent mol. wt. of
      150,000 as determined by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels in sodium dodecyl
      sulfate. The antigen constitutes one of the three thymocyte glycoproteins which
      stain intensely for carbohydrate with periodic acid Schiff stain. It is present
      on greater than 95% of thymocytes, bone marrow cells and thoracic duct
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 374096
TI  - Comparison of effects of prostaglandins E2 and I2 on rat renal vascular
      resistance.
AB  - Effects of PGE2 and PGI2 on renal vascular resistance (RVR) were compared in
      anesthetized rats. Renal blood flow and systemic blood pressure were measured
      before and during infusion of PGE2 (2--2 microgram/min) or PGI2 (1--5
      microgram/min) into the aorta just proximal to the renal arteries. Both
      prostaglandins significantly decreased blood pressure and renal blood flow, but
      effects on RVR were dissimilar. At low doses, PGI2 reduced RVR in 8 of 10 rats;
      PGE2 increased it in 5 of 7. At higher doses, PGE2 increased RVR in all rats;
      during PGI2 infusion RVR did not significantly exceed control at any dose. We
      conclude that, in the intact rat, PGE2 increases RVR either directly or through
      potentiation of other constrictor stimuli, while PGI2 tends to reduce RVR and
      diminish the renal response to other constrictor stimuli. PGI2 is the only
      prostaglandin found to decrease RVR in the rat.

PMID- 374097
TI  - Effect of catecholamine-receptor stimulating agents on blood pressure after local
      application in the nucleus tractus solitarii of the medulla oblongata.
AB  - The effect of various catecholamines and alpha-mimetics, given by microinjection
      in the A2-region of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), on blood pressure was
      investigated in anesthetized male rats. A dose-dependent decrease of blood
      pressure and heart rate was induced by adrenaline as the most effective drug,
      followed by noradrenaline, dopamine, alpha-methylnoradrenaline and octopamine.
      Ablation of the rostral or caudal part of the NTS, or removal of the area
      postrema did not diminish the effect of alpha-methylnoradrenaline. Higher doses
      of noradrenaline and alpha-methylnoradrenaline caused an initial rise of blood
      pressure, while the blood pressure lowering effect of noradrenaline was
      diminished, and that of alpha-methylnoradrenaline and dopamine delayed.
      Isoprenaline and the (+)-stereoisomers of noradrenaline and alpha
      methylnoradrenaline were ineffective. The hypotensive effect of dopamine was not
      prevented by systemic injection of the dopamine beta-hydroxylase inhibitor FLA
      63. Prior application of haloperidol, yohimbine and phentolamine antagonized the
      hypotensive response to dopamine and alpha-methylnoradrenaline. Application of
      peripherally effective alpha-mimetics into the A2-region had no or little effect,
      while high doses increased blood pressure. Tyramine and clonidine caused some
      decrease of blood pressure. Clonidine also decreased blood pressure when it was
      applied in the area of the locus coeruleus. Application of isoprenaline in the
      locus coeruleus also decreased blood pressure while in contrast adrenaline,
      noradrenaline, dopamine and alpha-methylnoradrenaline increased blood pressure.
      The present data suggest that the catecholaminergic receptors in the A2-region of
      the NTS differ from the classic vascular alpha-receptor and that the NTS also may
      contain structures which can antagonize the decrease in blood pressure.

PMID- 374098
TI  - A clinicopathologic study of oral leukoplakia with emphasis on the keratinization
      pattern.

PMID- 374099
TI  - Phenotypic expression in cybrids derived from teratocarcinoma cells fused with
      myoblast cytoplasms.

PMID- 374100
TI  - The growth of mouse melanoma cells in hormone-supplemented, serum-free medium.

PMID- 374101
TI  - Effect of cytochalasin B on human neutrophil aggregation.

PMID- 374103
TI  - An immunocytotoxicity assay for neural cells in monolayer cultures.

PMID- 374102
TI  - Changes in thymine pool equilibration times during the S phase of mammalian
      cells.

PMID- 374104
TI  - Immunofluorescent and ultrastructural studies of polygonal microfilament networks
      in respreading non-muscle cells.

PMID- 374105
TI  - The coating of bovine and rabbit corneas denuded of their endothelium with bovine
      corneal endothelial cells.

PMID- 374106
TI  - Plasmodium berghei: correlation of in vitro erythrophagocytosis with the dynamics
      of early-onset anemia and reticulocytosis in mice.

PMID- 374107
TI  - Experimental studies of schistosomal pigment from Schistosoma japonicum.
AB  - The schistosomal and malarial pigments were distinguishable before and after
      extraction from the host liver. Presence of iron in both pigments was ascertained
      by the elemental X-ray analysis. Histochemically, however, schistosomal pigment
      was similar to that of malarial pigment.

PMID- 374108
TI  - An adrenergic participation subserving a positive inotropism and chonotropism of
      prostacyclin on isolated rat atria.
AB  - The effects of prostacyclin (PGI2) on the contractile frequency and on the
      isometric developed tension of spontaneously beating or paced isolated rat atria
      were explored. PGI2 enhanced frequency and contractile tension, both effects
      being blocked by the presence of propranolol, or following a pretreatment with 6
      OHDopamine.

PMID- 374109
TI  - Different marrow cell number requirements for the haemopoietic colony formation
      and the curve of the W/Wv anemia.
AB  - The lowest cell number in the normal marrow transplant, which allows the cure of
      W/Wv anemia was found to be between 10(4) and 10(5). This exceeds by several
      times the lowest cell number necessary for the haemopoietic colony formation.
      Therefore, either the colony forming cell is not the haemopoietic stem cell but
      rather its progeny, or this cell requires an aid from some other cells to exert
      is activity.

PMID- 374110
TI  - Protacine. Absence of mutagenicity on Salmonella/mammalian microsome test.

PMID- 374111
TI  - [Protein metabolism in the brain during natural and drug-induced sleep (review of
      the literature)].

PMID- 374113
TI  - [Mikhail Davydovich Mashkovskii (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 374112
TI  - [Chemistry and pharmacology of snake venoms (review of the literature)].

PMID- 374114
TI  - The effects of certain steroid hormones on the activity of ovine hypothalamic
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH)-degrading enzymes.

PMID- 374115
TI  - Trypanosoma cruzi cell surface proteins: identification of one major
      glycoprotein.

PMID- 374116
TI  - Loss of sporulation ability in a yeast mutant with low proteinase A levels.

PMID- 374117
TI  - A major outer membrane protein (O-8) of Escherichia coli K-12 exists as a trimer
      in sodium dodecyl sulfate solution.

PMID- 374118
TI  - Crystallization and properties of aspartate aminotransferase from Escherichia
      coli B.

PMID- 374119
TI  - A rapid and highly resolving method for protein subunit separation.

PMID- 374120
TI  - The ribosomal S4-RNA fragment melts cooperatively when complexed with protein S4.

PMID- 374121
TI  - Nucleosome-nucleosome interaction in chromatin.

PMID- 374122
TI  - Use of gelatin to remove interference by serum with the solid phase enzyme-linked
      sandwich immunoassay of insulin.

PMID- 374123
TI  - Arrangement of the maltose-inducible major outer membrane proteins, the
      bacteriophage lambda receptor in Escherichia coli and the 44 K protein in
      Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 374124
TI  - Evidence for the plasma membrane localization of carbohydrate-containing
      macromolecules from epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi.

PMID- 374125
TI  - Diet, lipid metabolism, and aging.

PMID- 374126
TI  - [Use of highly efficient liquid chromatography in pharmaceutical analysis].

PMID- 374127
TI  - [Filters for sterilizing liquids].

PMID- 374128
TI  - Endocrine properties and clinical application of danazol.

PMID- 374129
TI  - Precoital single doses of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol block ovulation in the
      rabbit.
AB  - delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) inhibits pituitary gonadotropin
      secretion in castrated rhesus monkeys. Also, delta9-THC blocks the ovulatory
      reflux in rabbits. We report now the dose-response relationship of precoital
      single doses of delta9-THC on luteinizing hormone (LH) release and ovulation in
      the rabbit. Forty-five female rabbits in estrous were divided into nine groups of
      five animals. Groups 1 to 5 received a single intramuscular dose of delta9-THC
      (5,2.5, 1.25, 0.612, and 0.306 mg/kg, respectively) 2 hours before mating;
      animals of group 6 received vehicle only. In animals of groups 7 and 8 ovulation
      was induced with 100 IU of human chorionic gonadotropic (hCG), given
      intravenously 2 hours after the administration of delta9-THC (5 mg/kg) or
      vehicle. Rabbit luteinizing hormone (rLH) was measured in plasma 90 to 120
      minutes after coitus or hCG administration. After the injection of 5 mg of delta9
      THC, luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LH-RF) (20 microgram intravenously)
      was administered to the animals of group 9. All animals of groups 6, 7, and 8
      ovulated. A dose-response curve was observed in the animals treated with delta9
      THC and natural mating. Whereas none of the animals treated with 5 or 2.5 mg/kg
      ovulated, one of the group treated with 1.25 mg/kg, two of the group treated with
      0.612 mg/kg, and all treated with 0.312 mg/kg ovulated. Ovulations correlated
      with postcoital levels of rLH. All animals of group 9 ovulated, indicating that
      the site of action of delta9-THC is suprapituitary, probably hypothalamic.

PMID- 374130
TI  - [Gonadotropin releasing activity of different regions of rat brain and the
      probability of presence of a factor which inhibits it in the suprachiasmatic
      region].
AB  - The amount of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn--RH) was measured in the
      preoptic area and in some parts of hypothalamus by radioimmunoassay. Maximal
      level was found in the median eminence next followed by that in the portions
      containing n. arquatus or retrochiasmatic area. The preoptic area contained less
      Gn--RH. The quantity of Gn--RH was negligible in the suprachiasmatic area. If
      tested in both supra- and retrochiasmatic areas simultaneously the amount of Gn-
      RH was much lower than in the retrochiasmatic area alone. Existence of inhibiting
      or inactivating factor in the suprachiasmatic fragment is suggested. The amount
      of Gn--RH was small in hypothalamic areas including n. paraventricularis, n.
      supraopticus, mamillary bodies. From among all the fragments tested the pineal
      body showed the lowest Gn--RH. There was no correlation between the serum LH
      concentration and the amount of Gn--RH in any investigated area except the
      preoptic one.

PMID- 374132
TI  - From the Delaware cancer network. Report on the fifth annual meeting of the
      Association of Community Cancer Centers.

PMID- 374131
TI  - [Effect of hypothalamic lHRH (luliberin) on the electrical activity of isolated
      rat heart].
AB  - Decelerating effect of LH--RH upon the frequency of contraction of the rat
      isolated perfused heart was revealed. The neurohormone was also shown to change
      the heart electrical activity causing elongation of the systole due to an
      increase in repolarization period. Simultaneous application of LH--RH and
      norepinephrine to the rat isolated perfused heart did not alter the frequency of
      contractions. The LH--RH seems to take part in the regulation of the myocardium
      excitability by means of its effect on the membrane permeability for monovalent
      cations.

PMID- 374133
TI  - Chiropractic.

PMID- 374134
TI  - Specimen collection: the answer to successful microbiologic analysis.

PMID- 374135
TI  - Creighton University. Boyne School of Dental Science.

PMID- 374136
TI  - The Teledyne Articulator System 154 as applied to complete denture construction.
AB  - A practical articulator, the Teledyne System 154, has been described. It
      acceptably simulates mandibular movement. Also, it can be used within the
      economic limitations of an average dental practice. Mechanical limitations of
      this articulator do exist and must be kept in mind when using this articulator. A
      fully adjustable articulator satisfies all components of occlusion. However, the
      registration of the condylar path and the adjustment of such an articulator are
      complicated, and most dentists do not believe that such complicated articulators
      are necessary. The choice of articulators depends upon the precision with which
      the dentist wishes to work and his preference in the handling quality of the
      instrument.

PMID- 374138
TI  - [A case of Gorlin's syndrome].

PMID- 374137
TI  - [Paraproteins in dermatological patients (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on paraprotein-cases in a dermatological totality of patients during a six
      years period. Among 860 seras we found 22 cases with paraproteins. Except IgE
      paraprotein all other paraproteinclasses were found in their natural multidy. In
      2 cases we saw Bence-Jones-protein, in an other case a very rare combination of
      IgD-paraprotein with Amyloidosis cutis nodularis atrophicans Gottron. Diseases
      with sure or probable autoimmune background, i.e. diseases of the vessels with a
      possible dependence from cold and malignant tumours were on the top of
      paraproteinemia. 4 of 22 patients died during a 3 years' period after detection
      of paraprotein. Common clinical and paraclinical signs and symptoms of
      paraproteinoses are collected in a special table.

PMID- 374139
TI  - [Acrodermatitis enteropathica Danbolt-Closs. Clinical course of two cases treated
      with zinc sulfate].

PMID- 374140
TI  - A new approach to an old problem: metal ceramic shading.

PMID- 374141
TI  - An appliance for stabilizing partials during taking of impression.

PMID- 374142
TI  - Non-parallel cast post core.

PMID- 374143
TI  - The history and development of facial prosthesis. 2.

PMID- 374144
TI  - Pemphigus foliaceus in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren's
      syndrome. A case report.
AB  - A 74-year-old male patient with rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren's syndrome
      developed pemphigus foliaceus. Clinically healthy skin tissue revealed a
      fluorescent band of IgM along the basal membrane and an intercellular deposit of
      C3 and IgG in the deepest areas of the epidermis. Similar investigations of
      diseased skin revealed no deposits of IgM, and C3 and IgG were spread over a
      large area of the epidermis, though following the same pattern. In sero-positive
      rheumatoid patients with and without vasculitis, C3 and IgM are frequently found
      in small dermal vessels immediately below the epidermis in apparently normal
      skin. The fluorescent band of IgM along the basal membrane is thought to be an
      expression of the patient's rheumatoid arthritis, in spite of the fact that this
      IgM site is not typically associated with rheumatoid arthritis. The change in the
      pattern of deposition is thought to be due to pemphigus foliaceus.

PMID- 374146
TI  - A comparative approach to secondary amyloidosis: minireview.

PMID- 374145
TI  - Low allergenicity of triclosan. Predictive testing in guinea pigs and in humans.
AB  - Allergic predictive testing with triclosan (Irgasan DP 300) has been carried out
      in guinea pigs and in humans in order to evaluate its potential allergenic
      properties. Triclosan, an antimicrobial agent increasingly used in the cosmetic
      industry (concentration 0.5%) has recently appeared on the market at a higher
      concentration (3%) in association with flumethasone pivalate as an antimicrobial
      and antimycotic cream (Logamel). The results of predictive tests for allergy in
      guinea pigs (1 of 20 positive) and in humans (none of 20 positive) indicate that
      the sensitization index of triclosan is very low, which is in good accord with
      some reports from the literature. These underline the rarity of cases of allergic
      contact dermatitis to triclosan considering its widespread use in the cosmetic
      industry.

PMID- 374147
TI  - Milk as an extender for semen: a review.

PMID- 374148
TI  - Metabolic activation of benzo[a]pyrene and 9-hydorxybenzo[a]pyrene by tissue
      fractions from rat liver and lung [proceedings].

PMID- 374149
TI  - Metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene by the cytochrome P-450/P-488 of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae [proceedings].

PMID- 374150
TI  - Localization of lysosomes by immunofluorescence [proceedings].

PMID- 374151
TI  - Continuous distribution of quantitative antibody responses to strain C3000
      Escherichia coli in inbred mice [proceedings].

PMID- 374152
TI  - Mitochondrial myopathies.

PMID- 374153
TI  - The "uniqueness" of plant mitochondria.

PMID- 374154
TI  - Hypothalamic inactivation of luliberin (luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone)
      [proceedings].

PMID- 374155
TI  - Bioenergetic aspects of microbial processes.

PMID- 374156
TI  - Overflow metabolism in aerobic micro-organisms.

PMID- 374157
TI  - Changes in obstetric anaesthesia in the last twenty-five years.
AB  - The last twenty-five years have provided a continuing success story in the
      achievement of satisfactory obstetric analgesia. Maternal mortality and morbidity
      from general anaesthesia has not decreased substantially. Mothers still run the
      same risk of inhalational pneumonitis and are even more likely to suffer the
      distressing experience of awareness. It must, however, be admitted that general
      anaesthesia for child-birth has brought increasing benefits to the new born
      during the last twenty-five years.

PMID- 374158
TI  - The clinical management of the aspiration of gastric contents.
AB  - The management of the aspiration of gastric contents is considered under five
      different headings - clearance of the airway, the problem of oxygenation, the use
      of steroids, the possible use of prophylactic antibiotics and the general
      measures applicable to the care of any seriously ill patient. An illustrative
      case report is presented.

PMID- 374159
TI  - Can aminophylline reduce the need for oral corticosteroids?
AB  - Fifteen patients with long-standing chronic obstructive airways disease, who had
      received oral prednisolone for at least one year with objective and subjective
      response were included in the study. Attempts to reduce or withdraw steroids had
      been made unsuccessfully on at least two occasions in all cases. Phyllocontin
      Continus tablets were given at a dose of 225 mg in the morning and 450 mg at
      night for a 33-week period. One patient was withdrawn after 8 weeks due to side
      effects. Four patients had their oral prednisolone withdrawn entirely and a
      further seven had a beneficial reduction without adverse effect on FEV1 or VC.
      The average reduction in daily dosage of steroids was from 10 mg to 4.97 mg (p
      less than 0.001) with an associated rise in mean FEV1 of 1.69 to 1.92 litres.

PMID- 374160
TI  - Comparative pharmacokinetics of two theophylline derivatives in asthmatic
      patients.

PMID- 374161
TI  - Subjective and objective changes noted by patients with bronchial asthma taking
      slow-release aminophylline.
AB  - The authors describe a placebo controlled trial of a slow-release form of
      aminophylline in a total of twenty asthmatic patients. The data resulting from
      this work confirmed the fact that the aminophylline is a bronchodilator which
      improves mean peak flow rate and reduces the intake of beta-agonist drugs in the
      majority of asthmatic patients.

PMID- 374162
TI  - An evaluation of a controlled-release aminophylline tablet (Phyllocontin
      Continus) as a concomitant therapy in patients receiving salbutamol.
AB  - In a double-blind crossover trial on forty chronic bronchitics Phyllocontin
      Continus tablets were shown to produce a greater improvement in objective lung
      function tests than Ventolin tablets. A combination of Ventolin tablets and
      Phyllocontin tablets were found to produce a greater effect than either drug
      alone. Changes in objective measurements were not paralleled by the patients'
      subjective opinions.

PMID- 374163
TI  - Effect of slow-release oral aminophylline on circadian variation in airflow
      obstruction in asthmatics.
AB  - The effect of an oral slow-release aminophylline preparation (Phyllocontin
      Continus tablets) in preventing early morning reduction in airway calibre was
      measured in two groups of asthmatic patients; Group I consisted of eight stable
      asthmatics whose main complaint was nocturnal wheeziness, and Group II comprised
      four severe asthmatics studied during the period of recovery from an acute
      exacerbation of asthma. In both groups the effect on one second forced expired
      volume (FEV1) of two 225 mg tablets of Phyllocontin was compared with that of two
      placebo tablets on two successive nights in a double-blind trial. On the nights
      when the placebo preparation was administered both groups of patients showed a
      marked fall in FEV1. Administration of the active aminophylline preparation
      prevented this reduction in airway calibre in the Group I patients but had no
      effect on the fall in FEV1 in the Group II patients. A possible explanation for
      the observed difference in response between the two groups may have been
      variation in bioavailability of aminophylline in the two clinical situations.

PMID- 374164
TI  - A double-blind trial of oral aminophylline (Phyllocontin Continus tablets) in
      airflow obstruction: preliminary communication.
AB  - Twenty-two patients with reversible airflow obstruction were entered into a
      double-blind crossover trial of Phyllocontin Continus tablets and placebo to
      assess the additional benefit of the controlled-release aminophylline preparation
      when added to the patients' medication. Most patients were taking inhaled or oral
      steroids in addition to inhaled beta-sympathomimetics throughout the trial. The
      dosage of Phyllocontin tablets was adjusted in a pre-trial study to provide serum
      theophylline levels in the accepted therapeutic range of 10--20 mg/l. In the
      seventeen patients who completed the 8-week study a small, but significant,
      increase in both the patients' own recordings of PEFR and weekly clinic
      measurements of FEV1 was seen whilst on the active drug. Ten patients had
      improvement in FEV1 greater than 200 ml. Eleven patients recorded subjective
      improvement on the active drug and five out of ten patients who used inhaled beta
      sympathomimetics p.r.n. showed a reduction in their usage of greater than 10%.
      Side-effects were reported by twelve patients.

PMID- 374165
TI  - Additive interaction of aminophylline and salbutamol in asthma: an in vivo study
      using dose-response curves.
AB  - Dose-response curves to intravenous salbutamol were constructed after injection
      of saline or aminophylline in a group of ten asthmatic patients. The shape of the
      salbutamol dose-response curve was not altered by aminophylline pre-treatment--it
      is therefore argued that the drugs are additive but not synergistic on the basis
      of this preliminary study.

PMID- 374166
TI  - Preliminary experience with controlled-release aminophylline in asthmatic
      children: salivary levels and peak flow following a single dose.
AB  - Preliminary experience of a controlled-release aminophylline tablet in twenty
      five asthmatic children has been gained by measuring salivary theophylline levels
      and peak flow after a single dose (11 mg/kg). The results were compared with an
      oral theophylline preparation. Mean salivary levels remained elevated at eight
      hours following ingestion of controlled-release aminophylline, at which time 58%
      of the children continued to show an improvement in peak flow. Individual
      children showed a wide variation in salivary levels and respiratory response. It
      is recommended that theophylline levels should be monitored in the saliva to
      ensure maximum benefit from the drug.

PMID- 374167
TI  - Differentiation autoantigen of testicular cells and spermatozoa in the guinea
      pig.

PMID- 374168
TI  - Distribution of developmentally regulated hemoglobins in embryonic erythroid
      populations.

PMID- 374169
TI  - Immunological study of lung development in the mouse embryo. II. First appearance
      of the great alveolar cell, as shown by immunofluorescence microscopy.

PMID- 374170
TI  - Nick translation of active genes in intact nuclei.

PMID- 374171
TI  - Normalization of the paradoxic secretion of glucagon in diabetics who were
      controlled by the artificial beta cell.
AB  - Since it is important to elucidate the precise significance of pancreatic A-cell
      hypersecretion in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, the change in the
      immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) response to 100 g oral glucose challenges was
      studied in diabetics whose blood glucose responses and plasma immunoreactive
      insulin concentrations (IRI) simulated those in normal subjects with the aid of
      the artificial beta cell system that we developed originally. In six nonobese
      adult-onset and four insulin-dependent diabetics whose blood glucose responses
      and plasma insulin concentrations after 100 g oral glucose load were made
      equivalent to those seen in normal subjects by the artificial beta cell, the
      glucagon release was similar to the response in normal subjects. In one insulin
      dependent diabetic with high anti-insulin-binding capacity, the blood glucose
      response after an oral glucose challenge was not normalized by the artificial
      beta cell and the glucagon secretion was paradoxically increased. This fact
      suggested that the paradoxic rise in glucagon, seen in response to an oral
      glucose load in some diabetics, is secondary to insulin deficiency.

PMID- 374172
TI  - Insulin and glucagon secretion from rat islets maintained in a tissue culture
      perifusion system.
AB  - A tissue culture-perifusion system is described that allows for long-term culture
      of pancreatic islets and study of the dynamics of islet hormone secretion. Islets
      cultured in this system demonstrate brisk, reproducible biphasic insulin and
      glucagon release. Glucose-stimulated insulin release is similar after 1 or 14
      days in culture. Freshly isolated islets are relatively insensitive to
      somatostatin, requiring 100 ng/ml to suppress partially the glucose-induced
      insulin secretion. After 24 h of culture, the same islets demonstrate a marked
      increase in sensitivity to this hormone. Glucagon secretion from islets
      maintained in this system occurred in a predictable fashion to arginine
      stimulation and glucose inhibition.

PMID- 374173
TI  - Antitumor activity of peritoneal exudate cells induced by cell-wall skeleton of
      Mycobacterium bovis BCG.
AB  - Peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) induced by oil-attached cell-wall skeleton of
      Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG-CWS) in ACI/N rats were tested for their effect on
      both in vivo and in vitro growth of syngeneic fibrosarcoma cells (AMC-60).
      Treatment of rats with intraperitoneal injections of BCG-CWS induced regression
      of syngeneic ascites tumor and increased the number of survivals. Whole PEC and
      adherent PEC from rats injected intraperitoneally with BCG-CWS inhibited the
      uptake of tritiated thymidine into the fibrosarcoma cells in an in vitro
      cytostasis test. This in vitro cytostatic effect was more marked as the ratio of
      effector to target cells increased. In addition, when tumor cells were inoculated
      subcutaneously with BCG-CWS activated PEC, tumor takes decreased markedly. Oil
      stimulated PEC and normal peritoneal resident cells were inactive in inhibition
      of tumor growth in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 374174
TI  - The discovery of gastric acid.

PMID- 374175
TI  - Prostaglandins and ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 374177
TI  - Treatment of chronic portal systemic encephalopathy with bromocriptine: a double
      blind controlled trial.
AB  - A randomized double-blind clinical comparison of bromocriptine, a new dopamine
      agonist, and placebo was performed on 7 cirrhotic patients with chronic portal
      systemic encephalopathy (PSE). Before given either medication, patients were
      stabilized with a standard treatment (neomycin and cathartics). Serial
      semiquantitative assessments were done, including mental state, asterixis, number
      connection test, electroencephalogram, and ammonia blood levels. Three patients
      developed signs of precoma while ingesting both placebo and bromocriptine. Two
      patients experienced precoma only with placebo, and another patient only while
      taking bromocriptine. One patient remained awake throughout the study. All
      patients responded initially to neomycin and cathartics. Bromocriptine proved not
      to be significantly superior to placebo and was always inferior to standard
      treatment. During treatment with bromocriptine, 3 patients experienced
      constipation. This may be partially responsible for the ineffectiveness in the
      treatment of PSE.

PMID- 374176
TI  - Effect of motilin on the rate of gastric emptying and gut hormone release during
      breakfast.
AB  - The effect of an infusion of natural motilin on the rate of gastric emptying of a
      standard breakfast was studied in 5 subjects using Caesium 129-tagged resin
      particles. Emptying rates were measured on 4 separate days.  On 2 days, the
      subjects receive only saline (controls), while on the other 2 days a motilin
      infusion of 0.34 pmol/kg/min for 60 min, followed by 0.68 pmol/kg/min for 60 min,
      was given. All infusions were blind and given in random order. At the end of the
      low-dose motilin infusion 31 +/- 4% of the meal had emptied, compared with 17 +/-
      2% with saline infusion (P less than 0.01). A similar effect was also seen with
      the high-dose infusion. Plasma motilin concentrations rose from a basal of 68 +/-
      13 pmol/liter to 126 +/- 10 pmol/liter during low-dose motilin infusion and to
      170 +/- 11 pmol/liter during the high dose. No significant change in basal or
      postprandial levels of glucose, gastrin, pancreatic glucagon, pancreatic
      polypeptide, gastric inhibitory peptide, enteroglucagon, or vasoactive intestinal
      peptide was noted, but postprandial insulin release was greater during motilin
      infusion.

PMID- 374179
TI  - Doxycycline and the traveller.

PMID- 374178
TI  - Prophylactic doxycycline for travelers' diarrhea: results of a prospective double
      blind study of Peace Corps volunteers in Morocco.
AB  - A second randomized double-blind study to determine the efficacy of doxycycline,
      100 mg daily, for the prevention of travelers' diarrhea was carried out among 50
      Peace Corps Volunteers during their first 10 wk in Morocco. The volunteers took
      either doxycycline or placebo for 3 wk, and were observed for an additional 7 wk.
      Eleven of 24 taking the placebo and 2 of 26 taking doxycycline had travelers'
      diarrhea during the treatment period (P less than 0.01). One week after cessation
      of the doxycycline, however, persons in that group developed an increase in
      frequency of travelers' diarrhea (P less than 0.05) so that by 3 wk after the
      drug was stopped, there were no differences between groups. Enterotoxigenic E.
      coli, most of which were sensitive to doxycycline, were the most frequently
      isolated pathogens during the entire study. This study corroborates the
      effectiveness of doxycycline prophylaxis for travelers' diarrhea.

PMID- 374180
TI  - Localization of bombesin-like peptides in frog gastric mucosa.

PMID- 374181
TI  - Immunochemical relatedness among pituitary follicle-stimulating hormones of
      tetrapod vertebrates.

PMID- 374182
TI  - A preliminary comparative immunohistochemical, radioimmunological, and biological
      study of arginine vasotocin (AVT) in the pineal gland and urophysis of some
      teleostei.

PMID- 374183
TI  - Antiarrhythmic therapy for the elderly: a two-edged sword.

PMID- 374184
TI  - Neuromuscular fatigue in middle life: what it means and how to treat it.

PMID- 374185
TI  - An evaluation of some theories of the mechanism of aging.
AB  - Two theories of aging are considered in this review. Although there exists
      substantial experimental evidence in support of the somatic mutation and error
      catastrophe hypotheses, several experiments have been published which are
      extremely difficult to reconcile with these models, at least in their simplest
      forms. These include the observation that biochemical and morphological
      degenerative changes observed in fibroblasts aged in vitro do not resemble
      alterations observed in cells obtained from aged donors, and the fact that
      tissues transplanted serially through different hosts do not decline in vigor in
      the manner predicted by the somatic mutation theory. Although biochemical and
      mutational alterations appear to accumulate in fibroblasts aged in vitro (in
      support of the error catastrophe model), there are substantial problems with the
      interpretation of such experiments, and some observations (such as the lack of
      increase in translational error in hemoglboin synthesis as a function of age)
      seem to argue directly against the error catastrophe theory. Some alternative
      theoretical and experimental possibilities are discussed, including the concept
      of programmed aging as the cause of senescence.

PMID- 374186
TI  - Effect of age on the retraction of skin.
AB  - The retraction of skin flaps was measured. A constant decrease in retraction of
      0.33% per year was found throughout life between the ages of 20 and 70.

PMID- 374187
TI  - [Results of the activities of the Central Research Institute of Health Education
      of the Ministry of Public Health of the USSR over the last 50 years and its work
      prospects].

PMID- 374188
TI  - [Hygienist, Prof. S. V. Shidlovskii].

PMID- 374189
TI  - [Bagassosis, an occupational disease of the lungs (a review of the foreign
      literature)].

PMID- 374190
TI  - [In memoriam Konstantin Pavlovich Molokanov].

PMID- 374191
TI  - [30th anniversary of the Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the
      Military Academy].

PMID- 374192
TI  - [Amniotic fluid from term pregnancies as a factor with antibacterial properties].

PMID- 374193
TI  - Non-invasive techniques in the diagnosis of jaundice--ultrasound and computer.
AB  - This study describes the use of ultrasound in 84 consecutive patients to
      distinguish between medical (intrahepatic) and surgical (extrahepatic) types of
      jaundice. Accuracy rates in the 84 patients investigated were compared with those
      found in 169 patients using the computer-aided diagnostic model for jaundice. In
      50 patients in whom both techniques were carried out direct comparison was
      possible. Ultrasound failed to give adequate visualisation for technical reasons
      in two patients, but 75 of the remaining 82 (91.5%) were correctly separated into
      medical and surgical categories. A similar percentage (90%, 152 of 169 patients)
      were correctly classified by the computer-assisted model, and in the 50 patients
      assessed by both techniques correct diagnostic separation was achieved in 43
      (86%) by ultrasound and in 42 (84%) by computer. However, in this latter group
      two of the errors with computer diagnosis were falsely positive for a surgical
      jaundice (extrahepatic obstruction), and a surgical exploration performed on the
      basis of this test could have been unnecessary. This was not found with
      ultrasound in these same patients, all the errors being false negative. A high
      degree of confidence can therefore be attached to the demonstration by ultrasound
      of a dilated biliary tree.

PMID- 374195
TI  - Elevated serum cathepsin B1-like activity in women with neoplastic disease.

PMID- 374194
TI  - Oral BCG vaccine in Crohn's disease.
AB  - In a randomised double-blind trial over one year oral BCG has been compared with
      a control preparation in the treatment of chronic Crohn's disease. Overall
      assessment scores deteriorated in nine of 22 patients taking BCG, and 11 of 26 in
      the control group (P = 0.25);  this deterioration was great enough to be regarded
      as a clinical relapse in three patients taking BCG and in seven taking the
      control preparation (P greater than 0.1). No significant benefit from oral BCG
      treatment has been demonstrated.

PMID- 374197
TI  - Successful plastic procedures of the perineum.

PMID- 374196
TI  - Reconstructive surgery in gynecologic cancer employing the gracilis myocutaneous
      pedicle graft.

PMID- 374198
TI  - [Suppositions and problems in adjuvant chemotherapy in combination with primary
      radiotherapy of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with special regard to histology].

PMID- 374199
TI  - Adjuvant chemo-immuno-therapy with LMF+BCG in node-negeative and node-positive
      breast cancer.

PMID- 374200
TI  - [Preliminary results of a continuous study protocol with adjuvant chemotherapy in
      primary operable breast carcinoma].

PMID- 374201
TI  - [Adjuvant chemotherapy in malignant lymphomas].

PMID- 374202
TI  - Effectiveness of etamsylate in intrauterine-device menorrhagia.
AB  - 107 parous women wearing Szontagh-type IUDs were treated with either etamsylate
      or placebo tablets by a double-blind technique with random allocation. The length
      of the cycles, the duration of menstrual bleeding and the amount of bleeding were
      analyzed. Etamsylate treatment favourably influenced menstrual bleeding in IUD
      users. In the etamsylate group, the number of "bleeding days' and the amount of
      menstrual flow were significantly less than in the placebo group.

PMID- 374203
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of LH-RH. Standard curves and specificity.
AB  - As important discrepancies in blood concentrations of LH-RH remain, the basic
      problem of the specificity of the radioimmunoassay was reinvestigated using an
      antiserum raised against a new conjugate (33). Cross-reactions with related and
      unrelated peptides were studied in both charcoal-dextran and second antibody
      methods of separation. The possible relation between the nature of the conjugate
      and the specificity is discussed.

PMID- 374204
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of LH-RH. Application to human plasma.
AB  - Comparison of standard curves with different concentrations of human plasma in
      the medium of incubation is presented. It appears that Bo varies with the
      dilution although the ratio B/Bo is independent of the dilution. This last
      observation was used to research 'endogenous' LH-RH in four menstrual cycles, in
      postmenopausal women and in men. The validity of the dosage is discussed in a
      more general way in the light of the results published in the literature.

PMID- 374205
TI  - [Radioenzymatic assay for catecholamines (author's transl)].
AB  - Catecholamines are neurotransmitters produced and secreted by the central and
      autonomic nervous systems. In addition to being neurotransmitters, amines
      produced mainly by the adrenal medulla also act as hormones. Fluorometric
      measurements of amines yield variable results because of the poor sensitivity of
      the techniques, and the low concentration of these amines in tissues and
      biological fluids. The lack of specific and sensitive analytical methods has been
      an obstacle to resolving the mechanism of action of these neurotransmitters and
      hormones. The possibility of achieving qualitative and quantitative determination
      of picomole or femtomole amounts of these amines is a major need. Recently,
      radioenzymatic procedures for catecholamine assay have been developed and there
      has been a significant improvement in both sensitivity and accuracy of
      catecholamine assays. In this article, details of these radioenzymatic assay
      methods are reviewed.

PMID- 374206
TI  - [Effect of alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine (alpha-MPG) and sodium dipropylacetate
      (DPA) on antibody formation (IV). Tumor immunity (author's transl)].
AB  - E.L.4 lymphosarcoma (E.L.4) s.c. as a syngeneic tumor was transplanted into
      C57BL/6 mice, 4 weeks old. The tumor growth was more rapid in male mice. An i.p.
      injection of alpha-MPG or DPA caused a decrease of the tumor growth and
      prolongation of the survival time in male mice. In contrast, an acceleration of
      the growth and a reduction of the survival time were observed in females dosed
      with alpha-MPG or DPA. Such a sexual difference and the activity of drugs
      decreased with the progress of age. alpha-MPG and DPA had little effect on the
      number of recovered and living E.L.4 cells in vitro. However, with the
      inoculation of alpha-MPG-treated E.L.4 into mice, the tumor rapidly grew in a
      dose dependent manner. On the other hand, there was a tendency toward suppression
      of the tumor growth when DPA was given. Development and growth of tumor in mice
      induced by 20-methylcholanthrene showed a tendency toward suppression in male
      mice when alpha-MPG in a dose of 5 mg/kg was given every other day, and in both
      sexes with the same dose of DPA. Responses of spleen and lymph node cells to
      phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were reduced by the
      transplantation of E.L.4 in 4 week old mice. With alpha-MPG and DPA a reduction
      in PHA response of both the cells tended to recover, and that in LPS response of
      lymph node cells was recovered. In these mice, the decrease in cytotoxicity of
      spleen and lymph node cells against E.L.4 was recovered by treatment with both
      drugs. There was also a complement-dependent cytotoxicity against E.L.4 in their
      sera, and the activity was further increased by the administration of alpha-MPG.
      These findings suggest that alpha-MPG and DPA are anti-tumor agents which act
      through immune mechanisms.

PMID- 374207
TI  - Gnotobiotic techniques.
AB  - A brief review is given of the development of equipment used for rearing germfree
      animals in various laboratories and of our experience with designing germfree
      isolators and with the technology of rearing germfree piglets is presented. The
      philosophy of isolation as applied to the animal as a biological unit, the
      elimination of contamination and the theoretical prerequisites of isolation were
      considered by Reyniers (1943, 1959) and Trexler (1960).

PMID- 374208
TI  - [Experiences with research on pharmacopsychological effects on older people].
AB  - During the last years we tested a number of cerebral vasoactive and cerebral
      metabolic active substances on aged people with the help of the double blind
      method against with placebo in order to measure the change of the "nutritive
      insufficiency" with its neurophysiological and vascular-psychological syndromes
      under pharmacological influence. We used psychological test instruments (groups
      of 60-80 patients between 50 and 70 years). Duration of the treatment was 3-4
      months. Analysis of the dates by way of variance and covariance analysis.
      Significant results of successive treatments were achieved: improvements of the
      mental ability as far as the functions of the memory are concerned, higher
      capacity of attention and concentration (vigilance), fluency and adaptability of
      cognitive functions, increasing openess of mind and the ability of experiencing,
      improvement of the general mood and good health. Longer lasting effects in
      comparison of the drugs were noticed only after treatment with metabolic agents.
      Publication is planned.

PMID- 374209
TI  - [In memorium Dr. Hermann Hilber].

PMID- 374211
TI  - [Organ transplantation: reflections on the solution to a current problem].

PMID- 374210
TI  - [Urinary bladder plastic enlargement with the use of autologous, homologous and
      heterologous skin transplants].
AB  - 1. Expanded urinary bladder resection and the following replacement of the defect
      with various skin grafts were well tolerated by 161 cats. 2. Grafts of various
      species were shown to be of significantly different biomechanical properties.
      This depended on basic substance, compound and texture of collagenous and elastic
      fibres and the methods of conservation. Preoperatively the transplants were
      sufficiently resistent against urine and bladder pressure. 3. Within of few weeks
      postoperatively there was an increase in bladder capacity. This was more evident
      and arose in an earlier period than in cases without bladder wall replacement (x
      ray-control). 4. Autologous grafts were infiltrated by young new tissue.
      Homologous and heterologous patches served as "guide" of regeneration. Complete
      transitional cell epithelium was proven to be present after four weeks in the
      predominantly connective tissue regenerates. The development of smooth muscle
      fibres in the regenerates is discussed. 5. The microcytotoxicity test showed a
      host response, but without clinically manifest rejection of the foreign
      transplants. 6. Apart from clinical urological application the results of this
      experimental investigation could be useful in general plastic surgery.

PMID- 374212
TI  - [Seasonal variations of testicular and pituitary function in men].
AB  - In 21 young, healthy men typical parameters of pituitary and testicular function
      were recorded over a period of one year in intervals of two months. The mean
      sperm count in semen had a minimum in december, a maximum in june. Serum-FSH
      showed low levels in june, october and december, a peak in august. Levels of FSH
      following stimulation by LH-RH varied in the same manner, but the response to LH
      RH was lower in april. A peak of serum-LH appeared in april, other values being
      rather constant. The response to LH-RH showed parallel variations. Testosterone
      levels exhibited a significant peak in june. The mean increase of testosterone
      following hCG depended on basal levels, but showed a distinct peak in december.

PMID- 374213
TI  - [Consultation centers for multiple sclerosis patients].

PMID- 374214
TI  - [The amnion epithelium in hydramnion. Light- and electron-microsocpy studies].
AB  - Human amniotic epithelium was examined in cases of pregnancy complicated with
      hydramnios; the light- and electronmicroscopical results were compared with those
      of epithelium in normal pregnancy. The cells of the hydramniotic epithelium show
      an increased number of microvilli in apical and lateral cell surfaces. There are
      also a greater number of desmosomes and enlarged intercellular spaces. In a
      single case where hydramnios was correlated with maternal diabetes mellitus the
      amniotic epithelium is characterized by local foci showing cellular dystrophy.

PMID- 374215
TI  - Effects of histamine, of histidine and of anti-histaminic agents on the release
      of glucagon and insulin from the rat pancreas.
AB  - We have studied the effect of histamine (HA) and histidine (HIS) on the release
      of immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) and insulin (IRI) by isolated rat islets and
      pieces of pancreas. In isolated islets, HA and HIS stimulated IRG release at a
      glucose concentration of 3.0 mg/ml and IRI release at a glucose concentration of
      0.5 mg/ml. In pieces of pancreas incubated in the presence of glucose (3.0
      mg/ml), HA at a 2mM concentration stimulated IRG release and had no effect on the
      release of IRI; however, when the concentration of HA was doubled (4 mM), an
      inhibition of IRI release could also be demonstrated. HIS was ineffective.
      Perphenazine and dexchlorpheniramine, two anti-histaminic agents, inhibited IRG
      and stimulated IRI release. These results indicate that histamine, whether
      endogenous or exogenous, directly stimulated IRG and inhibits IRI release and
      suggest that some of the in vivo effects of histamine, such as hyperglycemia and
      lipid mobilization, may be mediated, at least in part, by these endocrinologic
      effects.

PMID- 374217
TI  - Enkephalins and pituitary hormone release: modification of responsiveness to
      LHRH.
AB  - An intraperitoneal injection of leucine-enkephalin into rats stimulates
      gonadotropin and prolactin release. To elucidate the mechanism of this releasing
      property of leucine-enkephalin, rat hemipituitaries were incubated with either
      enkephalin alone or enkephalin in combination with OHRH. Enkephalin alone had no
      effect on LH or prolactin release in vitro but potentiated the LH response to
      LHRH. Neither leucine-enkephalin nor LHRH alone had an effect on GH release;
      however, when combined, a GH response to LHRH occurred. These results suggest
      that leucine-enkephalin can modify the pituitary responsiveness to certain
      hypothalamic releasing hormones by a direct pituitary action.

PMID- 374216
TI  - Prolactin. I. Mechanisms of control, peripheral actions and modification by
      drugs.
AB  - The role of neurotransmitters in the release of prolactin (PRL) is reviewed.
      Special attention is paid to dopamine (DA) as the possible prolactin-inhibiting
      factor (PIF). Among other agents, estrogens alone can act directly on the
      pituitary galactotropes without involving hypothalamic factors. Peripherally, in
      addition to its stimulatory action on mammary tissue, PRL exerts a permissive
      role on ovarian steroidogenesis. A possible physiological action of this hormone
      on the regulation of adrenal function remains uncertain. The secretory rhythms of
      PRL are described and the mechanisms involved are discussed. A number of drugs
      can modify the secreting pattern of PRL mainly by acting on the dopaminergic
      control mechanisms. The usefulness of such agents in the clinical evaluation of
      galactotrope cell function is reviewed.

PMID- 374218
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies indicate that the basic trypsin-kallikrein-inhibitor
      of bovine organs (Trasylol) originates from mast cells.
AB  - Using the indirect immunofluorescence technique, the basic kallikrein-trypsin
      inhibitor of bovine organs, Trasylol, could be localized in tissue mast cells of
      bovine lung, liver, pancreas and parotid gland. Identification of cells
      exhibiting specific fluorescence as tissue mast cells was achieved by combined
      light and electron microscopic diagnosis of bovine liver tissue sections. The
      presence of Trasylol in mast cells explains the widespread distribution of this
      inhibitor in functionally totally different organs or tissues of the bovine
      organism, as determined earlier by biochemical means. Identification of Trasylol
      as a mast cell constituent will facilitate the search for the biological function
      of this inhibitory protein in connection with a unique and highly specialized
      cell population.

PMID- 374219
TI  - Purification and characterization of 3-hydroxykynureninase from yeast.

PMID- 374220
TI  - Physical map of PM2 DNA.
AB  - The cleavage sites of the restriction nucleases HpaI, HpaII, HindII, HindIII, and
      PstI have been mapped on the DNA of the bacteriophage PM2. This map has been used
      for the localization of two strong binding sites of Escherichia coli RNA
      polymerase on PM2 DNA.

PMID- 374221
TI  - Utah senator challenges big government.

PMID- 374222
TI  - Health care delivery in Belgium.
AB  - Formerly Belgium's Catholic hospitals prospered within a system based on
      collectivized financing and individualistic service delivery patterns. Now faced
      with decreasing vocations, the religious congregations and the national Catholic
      hospital association are working toward a comprehensive health care delivery
      system in which laypersons' role is expanded and regional activities are
      coordinated.

PMID- 374223
TI  - Pavlov: 'my whole life has consisted of experiments'.

PMID- 374225
TI  - Reply to: The Use of Racial Admixture as Evidence in Intelligence Research. A
      critique by B. S. Centerwall in Hum. Genet. 45, 237-238 (1978)

PMID- 374226
TI  - Caprolactam and nylon 6.

PMID- 374227
TI  - Ethylene and polyethylene.

PMID- 374228
TI  - Methyl methacrylate and polymethyl methacrylate.

PMID- 374224
TI  - Satellite DNA and heterochromatin variants: the case for unequal mitotic crossing
      over.
AB  - Variations of constitutive heterochromatin (heteromorphisms) appear to be a
      general feature of eucaryotes. A variety of molecular and cytogenetic evidence
      supports the hypothesis that heteromorphisms result from unequal double-strand
      exchanges during mitotic DNA replication. Constitutive heterochromatin consists
      of highly repeated DNA sequences that are not transcribed. Thus, heteromorphisms
      are tolerated without overt phenotypic effect. Several of the highly repeated
      DNAs that comprise constitutive heterochromatin have been shown to contain site
      specific endonuclease recognition sequences interspersed at regular intervals
      dependent upon nucleosome structure. These interspersed short repeated sequences
      could mediate unequal crossovers, resulting in quantitative variability of
      constitutive heterochromatin and satellite DNA. De novo variations of
      constitutive heterochromatin may be useful as markers of exposure to mutagens
      and/or carcinogens.

PMID- 374229
TI  - Styrene, polystyrene and styrene-butadiene copolymers.

PMID- 374230
TI  - Tetrafluoroethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene.

PMID- 374231
TI  - Vinyl bromide.

PMID- 374232
TI  - Vinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride and vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers.

PMID- 374233
TI  - Vinylidene chloride and vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymers.

PMID- 374234
TI  - N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

PMID- 374235
TI  - Acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and polyacrylic acid.

PMID- 374236
TI  - Acrolein.

PMID- 374237
TI  - Acrylonitrile, acrylic and modacrylic fibres, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
      and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers.

PMID- 374239
TI  - Introduction of Madame Emilienne Wolff and Professor Etienne Wolff.

PMID- 374238
TI  - In vitro studies of gonadal organogenesis in the presence and absence of H-Y
      antigen.
AB  - In a very strict sense, the primary (gonadal) sex of mammals is determined not so
      much by the presence or absence of the Y but the expression or nonexpression of
      the evolutionary extremely conserved plasma membrane H-Y antigen. The central
      somatic blastema of embryonic indifferent gonads contains one cell lineage
      characterized by the possession of S-F differentiation antigen that
      differentiates into testicular Sertoli cells in the presence of H-Y and into
      ovarian follicular (granulosa) cells in its absence. This cell lineage appears to
      play the most critical role in gonadal differentiation. Whether or not testicular
      Leydig cells and ovarian theca cells are similarly derived from the common cell
      lineage has not been determined. Nevertheless, if given H-Y antigen, presumptive
      theca-cell precursors of the fetal ovary acquire hCG (LH?)-receptors-the
      characteristic of fetal Leydig cells.

PMID- 374240
TI  - Multiple-myeloma: review of 231 cases.

PMID- 374242
TI  - Suppression of the humoral immune response by particulate material extracted from
      spleen cell subpoulations of MOPC-315 tumor-bearing mice.
AB  - Particulate extracts were prepared from MOPC-315 plasmacytoma cells, from whole
      spleen cells or from splenic macrophages of MOPC-315 tumor-bearing mice. These
      preparations, when injected into normal mice, inhibited their primary humoral
      immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). At the same time, particulate
      extracts from whole spleens or splenic macrophages of normal mice and T cell
      extracts from spleens of MOPC-315 tumor-bearing mice had no effect on the primary
      immune response to SRBC. The results suggest that phagocytic spleen cells of
      tumor-bearing mice contain immunosuppressive particles which originate from the
      tumor cells.

PMID- 374241
TI  - [In vitro investigations of microphages function in patients with chronic
      mucocutaneous candidosis (author's transl)].
AB  - In five patients with either familial or non-familial type of chronic
      mucocutaneous candidosis some properties of phagocytic function of the
      polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) have been studied in vitro. In each of the
      patients there were found: a) a decreased chemotactic activity of PMNL, b) a
      weakness of intake and of intracellular destruction of Candida albicans cells by
      PMNL, c) an impairment of phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Candida
      albicans as well of Staphylococcus aureus by PMNL. The rate of phagocytosis of
      heat-inactivated Candida albicans cells by PMNL was normal in each case. In the
      serum of two patients a phagocytosis inhibiting factor is supposed to exist. In
      PMNL of 3 patients a defective activity of NADH-dependent oxidase was found. The
      occurrence of hereditary CMCC in a father and his two daughters points to an
      autosomal dominant trait, whereas in most cases of familiar CMCC hitherto
      described an autosomal recessive mode of transmission was found.

PMID- 374243
TI  - Modification of kidney immunogenicity with standard Concanavalin A and its
      subfractions.
AB  - Pretreatment of kidneys with purified Concanavalin A (25 mg/L) allowed for a
      significant prolongation of survival after allotransplantation in minimally
      immunosuppressed mongrel dogs. Kidneys pretreated with standard Concanavalin A,
      impure fraction or the lipopolysaccharide had no prolongation of survival. In
      fact, the impure fraction and the lipopolysaccharide showed a diminished
      transplant kidney survival. These studied confirm the beneficial effect of
      Concanavalin A when the purified form is utilized in modifying kidney allograft
      survival.

PMID- 374244
TI  - Prolongation of mouse skin allograft by splenectomy and lymphnodectomy following
      transplantation.

PMID- 374245
TI  - The effect of dietary amino acids on immune reactivity.
AB  - The plaque-forming cell response and serum antibody titres to sheep red blood
      cells (SRBC) were enhanced in mice fed diets moderately deficient in the amino
      acids phenylalanine-tyrosine. These diets sustained normal growth during a 4 week
      study period. More severe limitation of phenylalanine-tyrosine or multiple
      essential amino acid restriction gave rise to a slight increas in the delayed
      hypersensitivity reaction to SRBC. These latter diets usually limit growth;
      nevertheless the humoral immune response to SRBC was not significantly depressed
      except in the mice fed a diet (diet 7) with severe restriction of seven essential
      amino acids. These results suggest that dietary restriction may suppress the
      production or function of an inhibitory cell, such as a suppressor T cell, whilst
      not affecting the effector cell to the same degree.

PMID- 374246
TI  - The differentiation of murine thymocytes in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - The differentiation of lymphoid cells in the early foetal mouse thymus was
      studied in vivo and in organ culture. The lymphoid precursors found in the 13 and
      14 day foetal thymus constituted about 50% of the total thymus cell population.
      These T precursors were large blast-like cells which already expressed the Thy-1
      antigen but were mostly TL negative. Both in vivo and in vitro the blasts were
      rapidly replaced by a population of typical small lymphocytes which were strongly
      Thy-1 and TL positive but Ig negative. In organ cultures grown under optimal
      conditions, large bimodal increases in cell numbers occurred. An initial
      population of about 2 x 10(4) T precursors per thymus lobe gave rise to nearly
      10(6) predominantly Thy-1 and TL positive small lymphocytes by the 6--8th day in
      vitro. After this time lymphocyte numbers decreased until about the 10th day when
      they again increased to form a second peak of small lymphocytes on the 12--13th
      day. These cells were also predominantly Thy-1 positive but the majority were now
      TL negative. No Ig positive B lymphocytes were detected either by
      immunofluorescence or by autoradiography using polyvalent anti-MIg sera and no
      plasma cells were detected by electronmicroscopy. At all times however, minor
      subpopulations of Thy-1 negative small cells were present. The production of
      small lymphocytes during the 1st week of culture was critically dependent on
      culture conditions and particularly on the batch of FCS used. The population
      developing during the 2nd week required less stringent conditions and was less
      dependent on FCS. The culture systems described should prove useful in the study
      of T-lymphocyte differentiation.

PMID- 374247
TI  - Specific antibody-forming B-lymphocyte colonies. I. Distribution and nature of
      SRBC antibody-forming B-lymphocyte colonies in mouse lyphomyeloid organs.
AB  - Wehn normal mouse spleen or lymph node cells are cultured for 7 days in agar
      medium containing 2-mercaptoethanol and sheep red blood cells (SRBC),
      approximately one B lymphocyte colony (BLC) develops per 50-100 cells seeded.
      Incubation of cultures for 3 h with guinea-pig complement at day 7, demonstrated
      that 0.05-0.25% of all BLC form specific antibody against SRBC (SRBC-AF-BLC). The
      SRBC specific colonies appear centrally in lytic plaques of 2-5 mm in diameter
      and cells recovered from individual SRBC-AF-BLC were shown to produce antibodies
      of the IgM class against SRBC. Cells forming SRBC-AF-BLC are absent in the new
      born and infantile spleen but appear in adult mice with a frequency of 5, 10-25
      and 25-70 per 10(6) bone marrow, spleen and lymph node cells respectively.
      specific immunization in vivo or in vitro does not greatly affect the number of
      SRBC-AF-BLC-forming cells. Cytolysis of spleen cells with anti-Ig serum plus
      complement prior to culture reduced the number of total BLC and that of specific
      SRBC-AF-BLC by 93% and 94% respectively. The peak sedimentation velocity of both
      SRBC-AF-BLC-forming cells and total BLC-forming cells was 3.5 mm/h. Spleen cells
      enriched 200-300 times for cells that bind specifically to the hapten NIP were
      not enriched for cells forming colonies with specific antibody production against
      NIP. The data indicate that the cells that give rise to specific antibody-forming
      colonies belong to a mature virgin B cell group of small Ig-positive B
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 374248
TI  - Macrophage fatty acid composition and phagocytosis: effect of unsaturation on
      cellular phagocytic activity.
AB  - In order to manipulate the physical properties of the macrophages membrane,
      methods were developed which potentiated the incorporation of exogenously
      supplied fatty acids into membrane lipids. Chromatograms of macrophages which
      were grown in the presence of a variety of fatty acids demonstrated that
      exogenously supplied unsaturated fatty acids (palmitoleic, oleic, elaidic,
      linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acids) were readily incorporated into the
      cells and selectively altered the fatty acyl composition of macrophage
      phospholipids. Up to 38% of the total cellular phospholipids were found to be
      derived from the exogenously added fatty acid supplements. The incorporation of
      the different fatty acids into cellular phospholipids had striking effects on
      cellular phagocytic activity. These effects were found to correlate with the
      degree of unsaturation, and the cis- or trans-double bond configuration. Thus,
      macrophage phagocytic ingestion rates of 125I-labelled Shigella flexneri were
      found to alter by more than 2-fold after the cells were cultivated in the
      presence of cis unsaturated fatty acids.

PMID- 374249
TI  - Modulation of Fc receptors on human peripheral blood lymphocytes by antisera
      against beta 2 microglobulin, Ia or immunoglobulin.

PMID- 374250
TI  - Time-dependence and selectivity of immunosuppressive agents.
AB  - The effects of a variety of agents on the mouse antibody response to sheep red
      cells (SRC) and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were investigated.
      Agents formed two broad groups according to the time-dependence of their effects.
      Class I agents inhibited responses if given at any time over a broad period from
      before administration of antigen to 1-2 days afterwards. They included ionizing
      radiation, cortisone acetate, cholera toxin and several alkylating agents. Class
      II agents inhibited responses substantially only if given 1-2 days after the
      antigen. These agents were all either antimetabolites or vinca alkaloids. Class
      II agents had only moderate selectivity. When given at the time of maximal
      effectiveness they usually suppressed the response to SRC more than that to LPS.
      Some class I agents had striking selectivity. Radiation, cortisone acetate, and
      cholera toxin markedly suppressed the SRC response but had much less effect on
      the LPS response. In contrast, mitoclomine and its analogues, which are lipid
      soluble alkylating agents, suppressed the response to LPS far more than that to
      SRC. Possible reasons for these differences in time-dependence and selectivity
      are discussed.

PMID- 374251
TI  - Mitogenic activity of Mycoplasma pulmonis. I. Stimulation of rat B and T
      lymphocytes.
AB  - The mitogenic activity of Mycoplasma pulmonis towards both rat B and T
      lymphocytes has been demonstrated. The data summarized in this report show that
      spleen cells obtained from T X BM rats were extensively activated by M. pulmonis.
      Furthermore, M. pulmonis has been demonstrated to induce the development of
      antibody producing cells, as attested by the appearance of direct plaque forming
      cells against SRBC and TNP-SRBC in spleen cultures exposed to this mitogen. It
      was also demonstrated that rat thymus cells and a part of the lymph node T-cell
      population responding to either Con A or PWM, were stimulated by M. pulmonis, the
      response being weaker than that of rat B-cell populations. It was thus concluded
      that M. pulmonis activates both rat B and T lymphocytes. This mitogenic
      stimulation, however, is not equally exerted on both these populations, being
      strongly effective upon B cells and less so on T cells.

PMID- 374252
TI  - Reduction of phagocytosis, surface hydrophobicity and charge of Salmonella
      typhimurium 395 MR10 by reaction with secretory IgA (SIgA).
AB  - Binding of human colostral secretory IgA (SIgA) to Salmonella typhimurium 395
      MR10 decreased the liability to hydrophobic interaction of the bacteria, as
      analysed by hydrophobic interaction chromatography on Octyl-Sepharose and
      partition in an aqueous polymer two-phase system consisting of dextran,
      poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG) and poly-(ethyleneglycol)-palmitate (P--PEG). SIgA
      also reduced the negative charge of the bacteria. Treatment of the bacteria with
      centrifuged but not further fractionated colostrum added positive charge to the
      bacteria which was removed by treatment with pepsin. Colostral SIgA reduced the
      in vitro phagocytosis of S. typhimurium MR10 by polymorphonuclear leucocytes. The
      adhesion of the bacteria to cellulose membrane filters in the absence of
      phagocytes was also reduced after the interaction with SIgA. It is proposed that
      the binding of SIgA to bacterial surfaces has hydrophilic and anti-adhesive
      effects, which may serve to exclude antigen from mucosal surfaces.

PMID- 374253
TI  - Lymphocyte binding of fluid phase mouse C3b.
AB  - Isolated fluid phase mouse C3b adhered to human and to mouse lymphocytes. On
      human, but not on mouse cells it could be stained by fluoresceinated F(ab')2 anti
      mouse C3. Binding to mouse cells was, however, shown by inhibition of C3
      dependent rosette formation and by direct staining with fluorescein-conjugated
      C3b (FITC-mouse C3b). Optimal staining of lymphocytes by FITC-mouse C3b depended
      on a sufficient intensity of fluorochrome conjugation and on a degree of
      aggregation of the C3b. FITC-mouse C3b preparations which initially stained
      weakly, stained strongly after being aggregated with glutaraldehyde. The failure
      of immunofluorescent techniques to demonstrate binding by mouse lymphocytes of
      mouse C3b which had not been so aggregated was apparently due to inaccessibility
      to anti-C3 of the receptor-bound C3b. Aggregated mouse C3b-FITC induced
      sequential patching and capping of lymphocyte complement receptors followed by
      endocytosis, all of which was inhibited completely by cold (4 degrees), sodium
      azide (2 x 10(-3) m), cytochalasin B (28 microgram/ml) and chlorpromazine (10(-4)
      m), and partially by lignocaine (2 x 10(-3) m), and colchicine (10(-4) m). That
      mouse C3 which has interacted with mouse complement receptors may not be
      demonstrable by anti-C3 antibody may have important implications for
      immunohistochemical localization of C3 bound in vivo to lymphoid cells.

PMID- 374254
TI  - Comparison of the direct antiglobulin rosetting reaction (DARR) and direct
      immunofluorescence (DIF) for demonstration of sIg-bearing lymphocytes in pigs,
      sheep and cattle.
AB  - Tests with untreated and trypsin-treated red cells (rbc) from a variety of
      species showed that anti-Ig-coupled pig RBC are good indicator cells for the
      study of ruminant blood sIg + lymphocytes by the DARR test; coupled donkey and
      rabbit RBC are suitable for investigating pig lymphocytes. The different species
      showed the following percentages of sIg + lymphocytes (M +/- SE) by direct
      immunofluorescence (DIF) and the direct antiglobulin rosetting reaction (DARR)
      respectively:pigs 9.2 +/- 0.7% and 16.3 +/- 1.2%; sheep 20.2 +/- 1.2% and 33.1 +/
      1.6%; Cattle 13.5 +/- 1.4% and 28.9 +/- 3.5%. The mean ratio of sIg +
      lymphocytes shown by the two tests (DARR/DIF) for each species was 1.80 +/- 0.08
      for pigs, 1.73 +/- 0.7 for sheep and 2.15 +/- 0.18 for cattle. Preincubation of
      pig and sheep lymphocytes at 37 degrees for 1 h did not alter the proportion of
      sIg + lymphocytes detected by either test. Thus the DARR test reveals a further
      population of sIg + lymphocytes in addition to that detected by
      immunofluorescence, whose number is proportional to the B population as measured
      by DIF and whose sIg is intimately associated with the membrane.

PMID- 374255
TI  - Development of delayed hypersensitivity responses in Mycobacterium lepraemurium
      infections in resistant and susceptible strains of mice.
AB  - C57Bl mice are relatively resistant to a moderate subcutaneous infection with
      Mycobacterium lepraemurium while BALB/c mice are much more susceptible. Cutaneous
      delayed hypersensitivity reactions which develop in the first 3 weeks of
      infection were compared in these two strains of mice. Both strains gave a peak of
      delayed hypersensitivity between 6 and 10 days after infection which was followed
      by a period of low reactivity before the development, in the third week, of a
      stable persistent delayed hypersensitivity reaction. There was no difference
      between the strains in the size at 24 h of the delayed hypersensitivity reaction
      but the reactions differed in their kinetics. The low resistance strain, BALB/c,
      gave a Jones-Mote-type of response while the high resistance strain gave a
      response which could be described as a tuberculin-type reaction.

PMID- 374256
TI  - A sensitive technique for measuring specific macrophage aggregation: a comparison
      with macrophage migration inhibition, for the detection of lymphokine activity.
AB  - A new quantitative method for the measurement of macrophage aggregation, induced
      by lymphokine preparations, is described. This involves the continuous
      measurement of the light absorbance of stirred macrophage suspensions. The
      results have been compared with those obtained by measuring macrophage migration
      inhibition activity for the detection of lymphokine activity. Separation of crude
      lymphocyte culture supernatants by Sephadex G-200 shows that the material with
      aggregating activity is heterogeneous. The greater amount of this activity is not
      separated from macrophage migration inhibition activity, and has a molecular
      weight of 35,000--70,000. A comparison has been made with other published methods
      for measuring macrophage aggregation.

PMID- 374257
TI  - Immunosuppression in murine malaria. III. Induction of tolerance and of
      immunological memory by soluble bovine serum albumin.
AB  - The primary antibody response to alumadsorbed BSA was depressed when initiated
      during low-grade chronic Plasmodium berghei malaria in mice, as previously
      reported during acute P.y. yoelii infection. Induction of immunological memory by
      soluble polymerized BSA was abolished in both infections; in infected hosts this
      normally immunogenic stimulus resulted in partial tolerance. In contrast to the
      depression of immune response, neither infection interfered with the induction of
      low-zone tolerance by monomeric BSA. The rate of non-immune elimination of BSA
      was found to be normal during acute malaria, and only slightly reduced in chronic
      infection. These results may be explained in terms of abnormal antigen handling
      in infected mice, due to some functional defect in macrophages, although this
      does not seem to be a sufficient explanation for all the phenomena of malaria
      associated immunosuppression.

PMID- 374258
TI  - Peritoneal exudate T lymphocytes with specificity to sheep red blood cells. I.
      Production and characterization as to function and phenotype.
AB  - T lymphocytes which mediate DTH reactions to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in mice
      enter casein-induced peritoneal exudates from which they can be recovered and
      assayed in a passive transfer system. Peritoneal exudates need not contain
      specific antigen for inducement of T-cell immigration. The amount (or biological
      activity) of DTH-transferring peritoneal exudate lymphocytes is enhanced by the
      previous use of immune modulating agents, such as cyclophosphamide (Cy) (200
      mg/kg 2 days prior to sensitization), or BCG (10(7) live organisms i.v. 14 days
      prior to sensitization). SRBC-specific peritoneal exudate lymphocytes
      phenotypically are Thy 1+ and Ly 1+, 2-. In vivo, peritoneal exudate T cells from
      Cymodulated donors persist in circulation for a short period only and are subject
      to the suppressive mechanisms acting in anergic mice. Cells from BCG-plus-Cy
      modulated donors, on the other hand, persist in circulation for a longer period
      and appear to be less susceptible to immune suppression.

PMID- 374259
TI  - Subpopulations of Ig-secreting cells induced by peroxidase immunization:
      discrimination according to antibody storage and secretion.
AB  - Mice were injected in their hind footpads with peroxidase (PO) emulsified in
      Freund's complete adjuvant. The development of cells secreting anti-peroxidase
      antibody (Ab) and cells secreting immunoglobulins (Ig) were detected in the
      draining popliteal lymph nodes in the subsequent 35 days, using local haemolysis
      plaque assay with sheep red cell blood cells coated with either PO or anti-mouse
      Ig antibody. Plaque-forming cells (PFC) were isolated from the centre of plaques
      by micromanipulation and after appropriate treatment, were examined by electron
      microscopy for their intracellular Ab content and in corporation of [3H]
      thymidine. Four subpopulations of Ig secreting cells were distinguished: (1)
      cells secreting Ig without Ab function and not containing intracellular Ab
      detectable between days 5 and 20; (2) cells secreting Ig without Ab function but
      containing Ab appearing on day 6 and present throughout the immune response; (3)
      cells secreting Ab and containing Ab; (4) cells secreting Ab, but without
      detectable intracellular Ab. These last subpopulations appeared on day 7 and were
      found in all subsequent assays. The analysis of the kinetics of these
      subpopulations suggest that cells secreting Ig without Ab function might be
      precursors of Ab secreting cells.

PMID- 374260
TI  - Induction of autoimmunity to antigens of the glomerular basement membrane in
      inbred Brown-Norway rats.
AB  - Induction of autoimmune antibodies against antigens of glomerular basement
      membrane (GBM) was studied in nine inbred strains of rats each with a different
      major histocompatibility complex H-1. Brown-Norway (BN) (H-1n), Lewis (H-1(1)),
      PVG/c (H-1c), AS2 (H-1f), AVN (H-1a), BD V (H-1d), DA (H-1a) and F344 (H-1(1))
      rats were immunized with bovine GBM and Freund's complete adjuvent (CFA). A
      pronounced linear deposition of host IgG (IgG1 and IgG2a) along the GBM was found
      in BN rats. No deposition of C3 could be detected in the glomeruli nor did the
      animals develop proteinuria. The quantity of autoimmune antibodies fixed to the
      GBM was low (48 microgram +/- 14) which could explain the absence of C3
      deposition and proteinuria. The antigenic specificity of the antibodies deposited
      along the GBM in BN rats was shown by the fixation in vitro of the eluted
      antibodies to the GBM and tubular basement membrane (TBM) of normal kidneys. A
      much weaker and irregular deposition of host IgG along the GBM was observed in
      PVG/c, AS2. AVN, BD V, DA and F344 rats. Of these strains, eluates from the
      glomeruli of PVG/c, AVN, BD V and DA rats fixed very weakly to the GBM of normal
      kidneys whereas eluates from AS2 and F344 rats did not fix to GBM or TBM. No
      deposition of host IgG was found in Lewis rats, and the eluates did not fix to
      normal kidneys. Congenic L.BN rats with the BN H-1n haplotype and a Lewis
      background did not respond. This study shows a genetic predisposition in rats to
      an autoimmune anti-GBM response which is not, or not exclusively, controlled by
      genes linked to the H-1 histo-compatibility complex.

PMID- 374261
TI  - Development of antigen-induced proliferative responsiveness by murine lymph node
      cells. I. Identification of differences in the in vitro proliferative responses
      during a first and a second period of responsiveness.
AB  - The development and course of antigen-induced proliferative responsiveness by
      murine lymph node cells (LNC) was observed for 16 weeks post-immunization. The
      initial phase of responsiveness was characterized by antigen-induced
      proliferative responsiveness in vitro which reached a maximum 3-5 weeks post
      immunization and then declined to low levels by 6-8 weeks. Without injection of
      additional antigen, the initial phase of responsiveness was followed by the
      development of a second phase of antigen-induced proliferative responsiveness 10
      12 weeks post-immunization. These findings suggest that the in vivo development
      of lymph node lymphocytes capable of a proliferative response to antigen is under
      some type of modulation which is maximal 6-8 weeks post-immunization. Early in
      the first phase the proliferative responses to higher concentrations of antigen
      peaked early in the culture period (days 3-4), whereas responses to the lower
      concentrations of antigen were optimal after 5-6 days of culture. During the
      latter half of the first phase, however, peak proliferative responses were made
      to all the concentrations of antigen on the same day of culture (day 6). In
      contrast, the responses detected at the beginning and throughout the second phase
      of responsiveness were characterized by maximum proliferation to all the
      concentrations of antigen late in the culture period (day 7). These results
      delineate the temporal requirements for maturation of antigen-induced
      proliferative responsiveness of murine LNC post-immunization and indicate the
      time interval when optimal responses may be detected.

PMID- 374262
TI  - The distribution of 2,4-dinitrophenyl groups in lymphoid tissue of guinea-pigs
      following skin painting with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene.
AB  - Cellular localization of 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) groups in the peripheral
      lymphoid system of guinea-pigs was studied at various times after painting the
      skin with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) by the immunofluorescent method using
      anti-DNP antibody. The cells taking up the stain (DNP cells) were shown to be
      mainly lymphocytes. At 1-6 h after painting the majority of DNP cells were found
      in the peripheral blood and the spleen but the maximum number was reached in the
      lymph node draining the site of DNCB application 12 h after painting. Injecting
      cyclophosphamide (CY) 3 days before painting with DNCB, heightened the number of
      DNP cells residing in the draining node. The animals treated with the tolerogen,
      2,4-dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid sodium salt (DNBSO3Na), and then painted with
      DNCB, had fewer DNP cells than those animals which had simply been painted once
      with DNCB. The culture supernatants prepared from the draining nodes of both
      normal and tolerant animals partially blocked the anti-DNP antibody binding with
      DNP cells. It is suggested that the cells associated with DNP groups residing in
      the draining lymph node act as immunogens in the immunizing process of contact
      sensitivity.

PMID- 374264
TI  - Ontogeny of B-lymphocyte function. IX. Difference in the time of maturation of
      the capacity of B lymphocytes from foetal and neonatal mice to produce a
      heterogeneous antibody response to thymic-dependent and thymic-independent
      antigens.
AB  - The ontogeny of the capacity of the B-lymphocyte population to produce a response
      which is heterogeneous with respect to antibody affinity was studied in a cell
      transfer system. Lethally irradiated mice were reconstituted with B cells from
      donors of various ages, together with adult thymus cells when the response to T
      dependent antigens was studied. The animals were immunized with one of a variety
      of antigens one day after cell transfer and the distribution of their splenic
      plaque-forming cells (PFC) with respect to affinity was assayed, by hapten
      inhibition of plaque formation, 2 to 3 weeks after immunization. Mice
      reconstituted with B cells from neonatal donors produced a response of low
      affinity and restricted heterogeneity. With four different thymic-dependent
      antigens (DNP-BGG, F-BGG, DNP-KLH and Dan-KLH) the splenic B-cell population
      acquired the capacity to reconstitute irradiated mice to produce a normal adult
      like, highly heterogeneous, high affinity PFC response between 7 and 10 days
      after birth. The capacity to produce a heterogeneous response to the thymic
      dependent protein antigen BGG matured just slightly later between 10 and 14 days
      of age. The bone marrow matures with regard to the capacity to reconstitute
      irradiated mice to give a heterogeneous response several days after the spleen,
      possibly as a consequence of the redistribution of peripheral B cells to the bone
      marrow. In contrast, maturation of the capacity of the splenic B-cell population
      to reconstitute irradiated recipients to give a heterogeneous, adult-like PFC
      response to three 'thymic-independent' antigens (TNP-PA, DNP-Ficoll and TNP-BA)
      takes place considerably later (between 3 and 4 weeks of age). These results
      suggest that the population of B-cell precursors which responds to thymic
      dependent antigens may represent a different subpopulation of B cells from the
      population that responds to thymic independent antigens. Furthermore, the results
      suggest that these B-cell subsets mature at different times, presumably under
      independent controls.

PMID- 374265
TI  - Immunoperoxidase studies on the detection of buffalo pox virus (BPV) induced
      antigens in chick embryo fibroblast cell culture.

PMID- 374266
TI  - Survival response of budding & sporulating cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to
      gamma radiation.

PMID- 374263
TI  - In vitro production and cellular origin of murine type II interferon.
AB  - Antigen-specific type II interferon was produced in vitro by harvesting
      supernatants of spleen cell cultures from Swiss-Webster mice sensitized with
      Mycobacterium bovis strain BCG and challenged with old tuberculin. Treatment of
      C3H mouse spleen cell cultures with appropriate anti-Ia, anti-IgG, anti-Thy-1 or
      anti-Ly-2,3 sera resulted in a significant decrease in production of type II
      interferon. Removal of nylon wool adherent cells or cells with histamine
      receptors by column chromatography similarly caused reduced production of type II
      interferon. Recombination of spleen cell cultures treated with anti-Ia and anti
      Thy-1 sera or of cells treated with anti-IgG and anti-Thy-1 resulted in restored
      production of type II interferon. Interferon production was also restored by
      combination of cells passed through histamine columns with anti-Ia treated cells,
      or those passed through nylon wool columns with anti-Thy-1 treated cells. Anti-Ly
      1 serum treatment had no effect on interferon production. Removal of plastic
      adherent cells or cells that had phagocytosed carbonyl iron also decreased
      interferon production, suggesting that macrophages were also involved in type II
      interferon production. Recombination of non-adherent spleen cells with anti-Ia
      and anti-Thy-1 sera treated spleen cells, however, did not restore interferon
      production, suggesting that other cells in addition to macrophages are depleted
      by the adherence procedure. These findings indicate that type II interferon is
      produced by suppressor or cytotoxic (Ly-2,3+) T lymphocytes in co-operation with
      one or two additional cell types: (i) B lymphocytes, and (ii) macrophages.

PMID- 374267
TI  - Bronchodilator efficacy of a single oral dose of terbutaline sulphate--a double
      blind study.

PMID- 374269
TI  - An assessment of the immunosuppressive action of anti-lymphocytic sera.

PMID- 374268
TI  - Determination of antibody titres in human malaria using the indirect
      haemagglutination test.

PMID- 374270
TI  - Enteropathic Escherichia coli serotypes from various clinical specimens.

PMID- 374271
TI  - Plasmodium vivax malaria in the neonatal period.

PMID- 374272
TI  - Retraction of the upper lid in oculo-orbital sockets.

PMID- 374273
TI  - Evolution of physiology.

PMID- 374274
TI  - Microbiological studies on gastroenteritis in hospitalized children in Goa.

PMID- 374275
TI  - Effect of in vitro treatment with reducing drugs on structure and function of
      human secretory immunoglobulin A.
AB  - Samples of unstimulated whole saliva from 15 healthy children with 0.5--6 mg/100
      ml of secretory IgA and from 10 healthy adults with 4--18 mg/100 ml of secretory
      IgA were pooled and treated in vitro with dithiothreitol and alpha
      mercaptopropionylglycine. The effect of these reducing drugs on the
      immunochemical properties of secretory IgA was evaluated. Dithiothreitol induced
      depolymerization of secretory IgA and splitting of the secretory piece from the
      IgA molecule; furthermore it strongly reduced the titer of secretory antibodies
      to Escherichia coli antigens. The drug alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine apparently
      did not affect either the polymeric structure of secretory IgA or the titer of
      secretory anti-E. coli antibodies; however it induced splitting of the secretory
      piece. On the whole it appers that drugs with reducing properties, currently
      employed for liquifying mucous secretions in clinical practice, should be
      carefully evaluated for possible depressive side-effects on local immunity.

PMID- 374276
TI  - Antibacterial activity of co-trimazine in vitro and in vivo.
AB  - Co-trimazine is a new drug combination especially designed for the treatment of
      urinary tract infections. It consists of trimethoprim (90 mg) and sulphadiazine
      (410 mg). When combined in vitro, the components show high activity and a high
      frequency of synergy against urinary tract pathogens. After oral absorption
      sulphadiazine has a serum half-life similar to that of trimethoprim and is
      excreted in active form into the urine to a much higher degree than
      sulphamethoxazole. The ratio of the concentrations of trimethoprim and
      sulphadiazine in the urine following co-trimazine is favourable for a strong
      synergistic action between the compounds. In cross-over studies in volunteers
      receiving repeated daily doses of co-trimazine, either 500 mg twice daily or 1000
      mg once daily, it was found that antibacterial activity in the urine was at least
      as high as that provided by co-trimoxazole (2 x 960 mg) and considerably higher
      and more uniform than that given by nitrofurantion (3 x 50 mg).

PMID- 374278
TI  - Iohanni Knothio sexagenario salutem dico plurimam [Latin text].

PMID- 374277
TI  - [Clinical efficacy, nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity of amikacin].
AB  - The clinical efficacy and toleration of amikacin was investigated in 22 patients
      most of whom had chronic urinary tract infections that had already been treated
      unsuccessfully on several occasions with other antibiotics. Amikacin was
      administered i.m. in a dosage of 7.5 mg per kg twice daily for an average of 11.4
      days. This new aminoglycoside antibiotic proved highly effective in the treatment
      of chronic pyelonephritis and cystitis, as well as in septicaemia caused by
      gentamicin-resistant Pseudomonas. The pharmacokinetic studies did not show any
      retention after a ten day treatment with amikacin. Thorough nephrologic and
      otologic investigations for side-effects did not show any permanent nephrotoxic
      or ototoxic damage or delayed damage. The results were compared with the clinical
      and experimental data in the literature and with the results of experimental
      studies which have not yet been published.

PMID- 374280
TI  - [Erythromycin determination in organ tissues (author's transl)].
AB  - The recovery rates of erythromycin after in vitro and in vivo administration were
      studied comparatively in liver, lung, and kidney. Using buffer standards the
      recovery rate in homogenates of in vitro administered erythromycin decreased with
      increasing protein concentration. At constant protein concentration the
      erythromycin administered recovered correlated linearly. Mincing the tissues with
      scissors was not found to be adequate, even when followed by a diffusion period
      of up to 24 hours. Similarly, shock freezing resulted in lower values. Even and
      optimal breaking down of tissues was found after homogenisation or ultrasonics.
      The recovery rates were not raised by treating the tissue with trypsin. There was
      no evidence of enzymatical erythromycin degradation in liver homogenates under
      the assay conditions.

PMID- 374279
TI  - [Typing of Escherichia coli O and K antigens in patients with urinary tract
      infections (author's transl)].
AB  - In a long-term investigation in children and adult patients with urinary tract
      infection, 1403 Escherichia coli strains were serotyped and 266 strains were
      subjected to serological investigation. The most frequently occurring O groups
      were O6, O8, O2, O18, O4, O75, O1, O22, O7 and O9. L type antigens were
      predominant among the K antigens. Infants in whom pyelonephritis manifested
      itself for the first time exhibited an above average rate of infection with O2,
      O4 and O75. A reinfection rate of 84 to 91% was observed in children in follow-up
      investigations.

PMID- 374282
TI  - Decomposition of a mixture into normal components: a review.
AB  - The problem of estimating the parameters of a finite mixture of normal
      distributions has been considered by several researchers in different fields of
      application. This paper consists of a brief historical background and a
      comprehensive account of the theoretical aspects behind the principal lines of
      approach of different techniques of estimation. These include moment- and maximum
      likelihood estimation, estimation by minimum variance decomposition and graphical
      techniques. Further, three different methods of estimation are compared on
      medical data.

PMID- 374281
TI  - Simultaneous generation of tuberculin-type and cutaneous basophilic
      hypersensitivity at separate sites in the guinea pig.

PMID- 374283
TI  - The metabolic activation of benzo(a)pyrene and 9-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene by liver
      microsomal fractions.
AB  - A rat liver microsome-mediated bacterial mutagenicity test showed 9
      hyroxybenzo(a)pyrene to be significantly more effective as a pre-mutagen than
      benzo(a)pyrene. Experiments measuring the ability of these compounds to be
      metabolically activated to moieties that alkylate exogenous DNA demonstrated that
      9-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene was almost six times more effective than benzo(a)pyrene
      itself. Addition of trichloropropene-2,3-oxide to the reaction mixture enhanced
      the mutagenicity and DNA alkylation by benzo(a)pyrene but had little or no effect
      on the 9-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene-mediated mutagenicity and alkylation. On the other
      hand, 7,8-benzoflavone inhibited the microsome-mediated mutagenicity and DNA
      alkylating activity of both hydrocarbons.

PMID- 374284
TI  - An immunoregulatory factor associated with spleen cells from tumor-bearing
      animals. III. Characterization of the factor's target cells.
AB  - An immunoregulatory factor associated with spleen cells from tumor-bearing mice
      was found to potentiate the generation of antibody-producing cells (APC). In an
      attempt to characterize the target cell of this enhancing factor (EF), its
      activity in mice devoid of mature T lymphocytes was tested. Levels of anti-SRBC
      APC were augmented when EF was injected together with SRBC to nude mice and "B"
      mice. In addition, EF potentiated the antibody response against the IgM-inducing
      T-independent pneumococcal plysacchardide SIII antigen. These results suggest
      that EF most probably exerts its enhancing influence directly on B lymphocytes.
      In a different line of experiments adoptive secondary responses were performed.
      Mice were immunized with SRBC as carrier or with the NIP-chicken erythrocytes (as
      a source of NIP-specific primed B cells) in the presence or absence of EF.
      Various combinations of spleen cells from the donor immunized mice were
      transferred in a mixture with NIP-SRBC to lethally irradiated recipient mice, EF
      did not exert any potentiation effect on helper function, except when primed B
      cells were used. In contrast, a clear activation or clone expansion of hapten
      specific B cells was observed. These findings indicate that the enhancing factor
      from tumor-bearing animals directly affected the antigenic triggering of B
      lymphocytes and their subsequent proliferation and differentiation to antibody
      producing cells.

PMID- 374285
TI  - Expression of Fv-4r allele in hematopoietic cells from G mice resistant to Friend
      leukemia virus.
AB  - G mice carrying the Fv-4r resistant allele supported virus growth neither at an
      early nor a later (Kai et al., 1976) stage of infection with NB-tropic FLV. This
      resistance could not be abolished by treatment of G mice with cyclophosphamide or
      cortisone acetate. By bone-marrow or spleen-cell transplantation into irradiated
      mice, the resistan-e of G mice could be transferred to Fv-4-susceptible mice.
      Conversely, transfer of bone-marrow or spleen cells of Fv-4-susceptible mice
      rendered G mice susceptible. It could be concluded that, as assessed by the virus
      content in the spleen, helper LLV grows mainly in radiosensitive, bone-marrow
      derived cells, and the Fv-4 gene is expressed in these cells.

PMID- 374286
TI  - Preserved foods as possible cancer hazards: WA rats fed salted fish have
      mutagenic urine.
AB  - Six batches of food traditionally and commonly consumed by southern Chinese,
      including two samples of dried shrimps and four samples of different species of
      salted fish, were tested for mutagenic properties using Salmonella typhimurium
      TA98 and TA1000. Mutagenic activities toward both tester strains were found in
      all preparations. In most cases, these activities were enhanced by liver
      microsomal activation. Urine collected from experimental rats regularly fed
      salted fish also showed mutagenic activity. The level of this activity decreased
      markedly when the experimental rats were transferred from a salted fish diet to
      Purina rat chow. Our data suggested the presence of mutagenic/carcinogenic
      substances in some local preserved foods and at least one of them, salted fish,
      has been suspected on epidemiological and experimental evidence to be a possible
      co-carcinogenic factor in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in southern
      Chinese. Our finding is compatible with this hypothesis.

PMID- 374287
TI  - Untangling the logics of urban service bureaucracies: the strange case of the San
      Francisco Municipal Railway.
AB  - Marxist analysts have developed theoretical propositions concerning the
      conflicting functions of government in advanced capitalist countries, while
      public policy analysts have examined the logic of public resource allocation.
      Through an historical analysis of a typical urban bureaucracy, the San Francisco
      Municipal Railway, this paper describes how bureaucratic structure and
      functioning relate to broader conflicts over whom government actions should
      benefit. It concludes that the apparent shortcomings of the organization can be
      traced to, and were caused by, this conflict. The argument thus draws from each
      of these two quite different approaches to the question of what logic motivates
      the public sector.

PMID- 374288
TI  - What's inside the black box: a case study of allocative politics in the Hill
      Burton program.
AB  - This paper explores the political and bureaucratic determinants of grant
      allocations within the Hospital Survey and Construction Act of 1946 (the Hill
      Burton Act), which established the major hospital construction subsidy program in
      the United States. Resource allocation within the Hill-Burton Program was neither
      purely a function of external political forces impinging on the state nor purely
      a result of internal organizational factors. Instead, as shown in the analysis
      which follows, external political forces shaped program structure, operating
      routines, and rules and regulations at the time of the Program's formation. Rules
      and regulations depoliticized the grant allocation process while
      institutionalizing the interests of hospitals and other producers into the
      program structure. Consumer interests and influence are excluded from program
      decision making. Once established, the rules and regulations and a set of
      bureaucratic behaviors play a critical role in determining resource allocation.
      Rules and regulations facilitate distributing divisible benefits to producer
      interests in a politically predi-table way. Yet rules and regulations must also
      regulate the supply of hospital beds in accordance with local and national market
      conditions. The mode of operations required for distributing benefits in a
      politically predictable way limited the Program's ability to regulate hospital
      bed supply. This was a critical factor which led the Hill-Burton Program to
      subsidize excess capacity in the U.S. hospital system and is a useful way of
      explaning many similar dysfunctions within allocative programs such as Hill
      Burton.

PMID- 374289
TI  - Documentation of the international history of special education.

PMID- 374290
TI  - International bibliographical documentation.

PMID- 374291
TI  - About the concept of the "dangerous individual" in 19th-century legal psychiatry.

PMID- 374292
TI  - Charles Morley Wenyon, 1878--1948.

PMID- 374293
TI  - Peyronie's disease revisited.
AB  - Various treatment modalities have been suggested for Peyronie's disease. Varying
      degrees of success have been reported. Certain numbers of cases will have
      spontaneous remission of the disease process. The treatment, however, should
      begin as early as possible and recognition should be achieved earlier. The
      injection technique utilizing a high-pressure metal syringe or syringe jacket
      with screw-type barrell is still the most successful for the "soft fibrosis"
      lesions. This was reported about twenty-five years ago. A small number of
      patients treated by plaque excision and full thickness skin graft replacement
      have also shown good results. The type of lesion present best dictates the proper
      treatment.

PMID- 374294
TI  - Diagnosis and management of abdominal trauma.

PMID- 374295
TI  - Orthopedic problems in Indonesia.

PMID- 374296
TI  - [Controversal views in internal medicine. Part II. Gastroenterology. Introduction
      to the topic].

PMID- 374297
TI  - [Management of peptic ulcer: internistically or surgically?].

PMID- 374298
TI  - [Conservative therapy of Crohn's disease].

PMID- 374299
TI  - [Early surgery in Crohn's disease, yes or no?].

PMID- 374300
TI  - [Alcoholic cirrhosis does not necessarily follow alcoholic hepatitis].

PMID- 374301
TI  - [Alcoholic hepatitis. Is it the exclusive cause of alcoholic cirrhosis?].

PMID- 374302
TI  - [What can be said about the management of MBsAg-positive chronic hepatitis using
      steroids or immunosuppressive agents?].

PMID- 374303
TI  - [What can be said against the management of HBsAg-positive chronic hepatitis
      using steroids or immunosuppressive agents?].

PMID- 374305
TI  - [Diverticulosis and carcinoma of the large intestine as fiber-deficiency
      diseases: fact or hypothesis?].

PMID- 374304
TI  - [Low-fiber and low-bulk diet is a frequent cause of large-intestine diseases].

PMID- 374306
TI  - [Serum cholesterol determination using enzymes].

PMID- 374307
TI  - A new technique for isolation of Descemet's membrane: preliminary studies.
AB  - The structure and function of basement membranes have been the subject of
      extensive investigation. The present study takes advantages of a new experimental
      procedure to yield ultrastructurally pure basement membranes and applies this
      methodology to Descemet's membrane, a highly specialized ocular basement
      membrane. Rabbit Descemet's membranes and associated endothelial cells were
      mechanically isolated without contaminating stromal elements. The endothelial
      cells were then solubilized and removed by treatment with detergents as verified
      by light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The
      Descemet's membrane remained intact and retained its fibrillar fine structure.
      Therefore purity of starting material for ongoing morphological and biochemical
      studies of isolated Descemet's membranes is demonstrated. These investigations
      will provide a valuable data base for comparison with disease-altered Descemet's
      membranes.

PMID- 374308
TI  - Complement, past and present.

PMID- 374310
TI  - Former officers and members of the Harvey Society.

PMID- 374309
TI  - Chemotaxis in bacteria.

PMID- 374311
TI  - Studies on the molecular mechanism of steroid hormone action.

PMID- 374313
TI  - [65th birthday of Jaroslav Horacek].

PMID- 374312
TI  - [Treatment of psoriasis using vitamin A, vitamin A acid and oral retinoids].
AB  - Vitamin A, Vitamin A acid (retinoic acid) and their synthetic derivatives were
      variously applied in the management of psoriasis with different therapeutic
      results. Obviously, they influence the proliferation rate and the differentiation
      of human keratinizing epithelia and have beneficial effects on skin diseases with
      disturbances of keratinization, including psoriasis. Systemic application of
      Vitamin A has been yet largely abandonned since high dosages leading to clearing
      develop evident systemic toxicity. The anti-psoriatic effect of Vitamin A acid is
      either moderate or restricted, because of side effects. Only its combined local
      application with topical corticosteroids may be considered. Oral application of
      newly synthesized retinoids, however, was beneficial in psoriasis, particularly
      in erythrodermic or pustular types. With this group of retinoids new pathways
      were opened in dermatotherapy which may help to replace cytostatic drugs in these
      cases. Additionally, oral retinoid treatment may be introduced as an adjuvans in
      the management of widespread psoriasis, in order to enhance the effect of
      anthralin, PUVA or UVB treatments.

PMID- 374315
TI  - [Swellings of the cheek induced by salivary gland inflammations. Pathologic
      anatomic causes of sialadenitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 374314
TI  - [Swellings of the cheek from sialosis (author's transl)].
AB  - The term sialosis was introduced by Rauch (1956) and was associated with a
      symmetrical, painless, recurrent enlargement of the salivary glands. Included
      among the sialoses were non-inflammatory and inflammatory diseases of the
      salivary glands. A more recent definition still in use today was made by Seifert
      (1960) and includes disturbances in metabolism and secretion of the parotid
      gland. The term sialosis was also recommended by the World Health Organization
      (Thackray and Sobin, 1972) to replace the descriptive term "asymptomatic salivary
      enlargement." In addition to inflammatory diseases and tumors of the salivary
      glands, sialosis is the most common disease of salivary tissue recorded at the
      Institute for Pathology, University of Hamburg. In 50% of patients with sialosis,
      a syntropic occurrence of other diseases can be found which can be further
      classified as endocrine, dystrophic-metabolic, and neurogenic sialoses. All
      clinical types of sialosis are represented by only one morphological pattern:
      enlarged acinar cells with either a granular pattern, a numerical increase in
      secretory granules or a vacuolar transformation of the cytoplasm; degenerative
      changes are seen in myoepithelial cells and the autonomic nervous system. Three
      types of sialosis can be further distinguished by the electron density of the
      acinar granules. These are granular, vesicular or mixed. However, there is no
      correlation between the clinical and morphological forms of sialosis.
      Experimental destruction of the sympathetic nervous system results in tissue
      changes which are similar to sialosis. These ultrastructural alterations are
      interpreted as a disturbance of secretion, and suggest that degeneration of the
      autonomic nervous system is the common pathogenic principle in all types of
      sialosis.

PMID- 374316
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of facial skin swellings (author's transl)].
AB  - Enlargement of the cheeks may be due to a multitude of disorders, congenital,
      neoplastic, and in particular inflammatory. Congenital facial anomalies include
      cutaneous (and osseous) hemihypertrophy of the face and unilateral angiomatous
      malformations (e.g. Sturge-Weber-Krabbe Syndrome). Buccal enlargement due to
      dermal tumours include localized haemangiomas and lymphangiomas, lipomas and
      other benign connective tissue neoplasms, generalized disorders of the lymphatic
      or reticuloendothelial system including mycosis fungoides, reticulum cell sarcoma
      and other soft tissue malignancies, and cutaneous manifestations of malignant
      haemoblastoses, in particular chronic lymphatic leukaemia. Within the very large
      group of inflammatory skin swellings of the face a review is made of some
      bacterial pyodermias, severe forms of acne vulgaris, herpes zoster, lupus
      vulgaris, erysipelas, rosacea, steroid dermatitis, lupus erythematosus (discoid
      and systemic), toxic dermatitis, allergic eczema, urticaria, Quincke's oedema,
      and the Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome. The importance of prevention and early
      detection of steroid-induced dermatitis is emphasized. This disorder, which is a
      pseudo-inflammatory disfiguring complication of prolonged topical steroid abuse,
      ranks in frequency with the skin problems most often seen in dermatological
      practice.

PMID- 374317
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of salivary gland swellings (excluding neoplasms)--the
      ORL view (author's transl)].
AB  - Important investigatory methods for the diagnosis of non-neoplastic salivary
      gland disease are discussed. The difficulties found with these different methods
      are emphasized, and biopsy is recommended as the most reliable means for
      diagnosis. Some salivary gland disorders are caused by hypotensive drugs. Chronic
      recurrent parotitis is presented as an example of the difficulties in
      differential diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 374318
TI  - Clinical response of dairy cattle with ovarian cysts to single or repeated
      treatments of gonadotropin-releasing hormone.
AB  - Two hundred twenty-five dairy cows with ovarian cysts were treated with 100
      microgram of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Cows failing to recover were
      retreated with a second or third dose of GnRH. Clinical recovery following 1st,
      2nd, and 3rd treatments was 76% (170/225), 78% (43/55), and 66% (8/12),
      respectively. Of the 221 cows that recovered, 184 eventually became pregnant. The
      remaining 41 cows were culled primarily as problem breeders. First-service
      conception rate was 49%. More ovarian cysts were detected in herds examined at 2
      week intervals than in herds examined at 4-week intervals. The increased
      diagnosis of ovarian cysts may have been related to detection of cysts prior to
      spontaneous recovery that occurs in some cases. Clinical recovery from ovarian
      cysts was lower in herds examined at 2-week intervals following treatment,
      compared with those examined at 4-week intervals. The GnRH-induced luteinization
      of ovarian cysts and response to treatment was more difficult to judge at 2 weeks
      than at 4 weeks.

PMID- 374319
TI  - Tadini, the man who invented the artificial lens.
AB  - Tadini, an Italian by birth, was an itinerant ophthalmologist living in the
      second half of the eighteenth century. The eye operations which he performed at
      many places throughout Europe are documented by his advertisements in newspapers
      of the day. It is likely that Tadini was the first to conceive the possibility
      for intraocular correction of aphakia. At any rate, Casanova's memoirs record a
      meeting with Tadini and make mention of the oculist's box of artificial glass
      lenses for placement in the eye. Presumably, Casanova conveyed Tadini's idea to
      Casaamata, an ophthalmic surgeon in Dresden who was the first to actually attempt
      correction of aphakia with artificial lens implantation.

PMID- 374320
TI  - Complications of implant surgery in children.
AB  - Rapid recognition and appropriate therapy will prevent or remediate most of the
      complications occurring in children after cataract aspiration and IOL
      implantation. Some of the complications of pediatric IOL implantations are
      related to the increased scleral pliability and decreased rigidity which
      predispose scleral collapse, vitreous loss, flat anterior chamber and corneal
      endothelial damage. A second group of complications is associated with the
      enhanced inflammatory and fibrotic responses peculiar to a child's eye. This
      group includes operative striate keratitis and iridocyclitis, late IOL
      precipitates, secondary and postpseudophakos membranes, iris erosion and
      synechiae formation, and IOL tilt and displacement. Although the intraocular lens
      is a possible means of visual rehabilitation for children with traumatic
      cataracts or unilateral infantile cataracts, its long-term risk/benefit ratio
      must still stand the test of time.

PMID- 374321
TI  - Polypropylene.

PMID- 374322
TI  - In memoriam: Wolfgang Bargmann.

PMID- 374323
TI  - Isolation and characterization of antibiotic X-14547A, a novel monocarboxylic
      acid ionophore produced by Streptomyces antibioticus NRRL 8167.
AB  - A novel carboxylic acid ionophore, antibiotic X-14547A, closely related to the
      polyether antibiotics has been isolated along with four other metabolites from
      fermented cultures of a new strain of Streptomyces antibioticus. The structure,
      determined by X-ray analysis of the R(+)-1-amino-1-(4-bromophenyl)-ethane salt
      contained pyrrole carbonyl and trans-butadienyl chromophores in addition to the
      unusual tetrahydroindane bicyclic ring system. A second novel metabolite was
      identified as 3-ethyl-1,3-dihydro-3-methoxy-2H-indol-2-one.

PMID- 374325
TI  - Attempts to induce conception in lactating sows.

PMID- 374324
TI  - X-14547A, a new ionophorous antibiotic produced by Streptomyces antibioticus NRRL
      8167. Discovery, fermentation, biological properties and taxonomy of the
      producing culture.
AB  - X-14547A is a novel antibiotic produced by a new strain of Streptomyces
      antibioticus (NRRL 8167). The antibiotic is active in vitro against Gram-positive
      bacteria and is capable of complexing and transporting divalent as well as
      monovalent metal cations.

PMID- 374326
TI  - Synchronization of estrus with PGF2 alpha in beef cattle.

PMID- 374327
TI  - Concentration of bacteriophages from natural waters.

PMID- 374328
TI  - The removal of salmonellas in conventional sewage treatment processes.

PMID- 374329
TI  - Application of fluorescent antibody for detecting capsular substances in
      Staphylococcus aureus.

PMID- 374330
TI  - A semi-automatic method for the detection of salmonellas in food products.

PMID- 374331
TI  - Technical modification of the method for direct and indirect immunofluorescence
      of unfixed mycoplasma colonies.

PMID- 374332
TI  - Principles of salmonella isolation.

PMID- 374334
TI  - Current status of computed tomography in the abdomen.

PMID- 374333
TI  - The anti-endotoxin activity of Taurolin in experimental animals.

PMID- 374335
TI  - Occurrence of 1-methyladenosine and absence of ribothymidine in transfer
      ribonucleic acid of Mycobacterium smegmatis.
AB  - The minor base composition of Mycobacterium smegmatis tRNA has been studied. Thin
      layer chromatographic patterns of a ribonuclease T2 digest of mycobacterial tRNA
      indicated the presence of appreciable amounts of 1-methyladenosine (which is
      commonly present only in eucaryotic tRNA), dihydrouridine, and 7-methylguanosine.
      Ribothymidine was absent. The S-adenosylmethionine-dependent tRNA methylases of
      M. smegmatis catalyzed the formation of 1-methyladenosine when Escherichia coli
      tRNA was used as acceptor. Similarly, E. coli extracts methylated the tRNA of M.
      smegmatis, forming ribothymidine.

PMID- 374336
TI  - Identification of the ftsA gene product.
AB  - A nonsense mutation was identified in the essential cell division gene ftsA of
      Escherichia coli. A gamma-transducing phage was isolated which complemented this
      mutation. This phage programmed the synthesis of four bacterial proteins in UV
      irradiated cells. By substituting the nonsense mutation for the ftsA+ allele in
      this transducing phage and comparing the proteins programmed by it in UV-treated
      Su+ and Su- cells, the product of the ftsA gene was identified as a protein with
      a molecular weight of 50,000.

PMID- 374337
TI  - Effect of dna mutations on the replication of plasmid pSC101 in Escherichia coli
      K-12.
AB  - Escherichia coli strains with mutations in genes dnaB, dnaC, and dnaG were tested
      for their capacity to replicate pSC101 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) at a
      nonpermissive temperature. Only a small amount of radioactive thymine was
      incorporated into pSC101 DNA in the dna mutants at 42 degrees C, whereas active
      incorporation into plasmid DNA took place in wild-type strains under the same
      conditions. The effects of the dnaB and dnaC mutations were greater on plasmid
      DNA synthesis than on host chromosomal DNA synthesis, suggesting that these gene
      products are directly involved in the process of pSC101 DNA replication. In dnaG
      mutants, both plasmid and chromosomal DNA synthesis were blocked soon after the
      shift to high temperature; although the extent of inhibition of the plasmid DNA
      synthesis was greater during the early period of temperature shift to 42 degrees
      C as compared with that of the host DNA synthesis, during the later period it was
      less. It was found that the number of copies of pSC101 per chromosome in dnaA and
      dnaC strains, grown at 30 degrees C, was considerably lower than that in wildtype
      strains, suggesting that the replication of pSC101 in these mutant strains was
      partially suppressed even under the permissive conditions. No correlation was
      found between the number of plasmid copies and the tetracycline resistance level
      of the host bacterium.

PMID- 374338
TI  - Cloning the spoT gene of Escherichia coli: identification of the spoT gene
      product.
AB  - We have isolated five specialized transducing lambda bacteriophages (lambda dpyrE
      spoT) carrying the pyrE and spoT genes of Escherichia coli. A fragment from one
      of these phages was used as the source of DNA to clone the spoT and pyrE genes on
      a multicopy plasmid, pBR322. Insertions and deletions in this plasmid were
      obtained. These plasmids were used to transform a minicell-producing strain, and
      the gene products synthesized were determined. Our experiments demonstrate that
      the spoT and pyrE genes are separated by about 4 magadaltons and suggest that the
      spoT gene product is a protein whose molecular weight is 80,000. The strain in
      which the spoT+ allele is carried on a plasmid produced nine times more spoT gene
      activity than a normal spoT+ strain when assayed in crude extracts. This strain
      was used to prepare partially purified gene product, guanosine 5'-diphosphate, 3'
      diphosphate pyrophosphatase. The enzyme has the following characteristics. (i) It
      hydrolyzes pyrophosphate from the 5'-pyrophosphate of guanosine 5'-diphosphate,
      3'-diphosphate, yielding GDP and pyrophosphate. (ii) Its activity is strongly
      stimulated by Mn2+ and slightly stimulated by salt. (iii) Its activity is
      inhibited by uncharged tRNA. There are also two additional activities in the cell
      extract which degrade guanosine in 5'-diphosphate, 3'-diphosphate in vitro but
      which are not specified by the spoT gene.

PMID- 374339
TI  - Isolation and properties of Escherichia coli K-12 mutants impaired in the
      utilization of gamma-aminobutyrate.
AB  - We have isolated mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 CS101B that have lost the
      ability to utilize gamma-aminobutyrate as a source of nitrogen. One class of
      mutants, which were not affected in the utilization of other nitrogen sources
      (proline, arginine, glycine), included many isolates with lesions in gamma
      aminobutyrate transport or in its transamination and one mutant completely devoid
      of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity and exhibiting low gamma
      aminobutyrate transport and transamination. gamma-Aminobutyrate-utilizing
      revertants of the latter recovered full transport and transamination capacities
      but remained dehydrogenaseless. Another class of mutants showed pleiotropic
      defects in nitrogen metabolism. One such mutant was lacking glutamate synthase
      activity. The genes specifying the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyrate permease,
      gabP, gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase, gabT, and succinic semialdehyde
      dehydrogenase, gabD, and the control gene, gabC, that coordinately regulates
      their expression all form a cluster on the E. coli chromosome, linked to the srl
      and recA loci (at 57.5 min). The mutations with pleiotropic effects on the
      metabolism of nitrogenous compounds are not linked to the gab cluster.

PMID- 374340
TI  - Chromosome replication and cell division in plasmid-containing Escherichia coli
      B/r.
AB  - The kinetics of chromosome replication and cell division have been examined in
      recA mutants of Escherichia coli B/r containing F' plasmids of various sizes.
      Plasmid-mediated alterations in growth properties were detected only with the
      presence of the larger F' plasmids, and were reflected in decreased mean cell
      sizes and growth rates. The lengths of C and D in all plasmid-containing strains
      were in accord with the values for plasmid-free parental strains growing with
      similar generations times. The findings were consistent with an absence of
      competition between the chromosomal and extrachromosomal replicons for rate
      limiting components involved in the initiation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis
      or in the elongation of deoxyribonucleic acid chains.

PMID- 374341
TI  - Synthesis and modification of proteins during the cell cycle of the yeast
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - We have used a novel technique to study the synthesis, modification and
      degradation of proteins during the cell cycle in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
      Logarithmically growing cells were pulse-labeled twice, with the pulses separated
      in time by more than one generation. Subsequently, the cells were fractionated as
      to their position in the cell cycle by centrifugal elutriation, and for different
      proteins the ratio of radioactive material from the two pulses was then
      determined. Periodic degradation, synthesis, or modification would produce
      periodic variations in the ratio of counts. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
      was used to examine 110 different proteins at different times of the cell cycle.
      All but two proteins had a constant ratio of counts through the cell cycle. This
      indicates that the rate of synthesis of individual proteins increases
      exponentially during the cell cycle and that periodic degradation or modification
      of proteins is not a general feature of the cell cycle in S. cerevisiae.

PMID- 374342
TI  - Gene dosage effects on the synthesis of maltase in yeast.
AB  - Inbred strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae carrying MAL1, MAL2, or MAL6 in a
      common background were used to construct (i) homo- or heterozygous diploids
      carrying one or two active alleles of a single MAL locus (MAL1, MAL2, or MAL6)
      and (ii) triploids carrying one, two, or three active alleles of MAL2. The
      diploid and triploid strains were used to investigate gene dosage effects of the
      differential rate of maltase synthesis (delta enzyme activity/delta growth) and
      the kinetics of induction (for MAL2). All three MAL loci exhibited a gene dosage
      effect on the differential rate of maltase synthesis; MAL2 also exhibited a gene
      dosage effect on the kinetics of induction. The dosage effects of the MAL1 and
      MAL6 loci were additive, but the effects of the MAL2 locus were not; the
      magnitude of the MAL2 gene dosage effect decreased with increasing dosage. These
      results are compatible with the current genetic evidence that the MAL genes are
      regulatory loci if the product(s) of the MAL1 and MAL6 locus is produced in
      limiting amounts but the product(s) of the MAL2 locus is produced in excess,
      except at very low genes dosages.

PMID- 374343
TI  - Substrate binding site for nitrate reductase of Escherichia coli is on the inner
      aspect of the membrane.
AB  - Escherichia coli grown anaerobically on nitrate exhibited the same transport
      barrier to reduction of chlorate, relative to nitrate, as that exhibited by
      Paracoccus denitrificans. This establishes that the nitrate binding site of
      nitrate reductase (EC 1.7.99.4) in E. coli must also lie on the cell side of the
      nitrate transporter which is associated with the plasma membrane. Because nitrate
      reductase is membrane bound, the nitrate binding site is thus located on the
      inner aspect of the membrane. Nitrate pulse studies on E. coli in the absence of
      valinomycin showed a small transient alkalinization (leads to H+/NO3- congruent
      to --0.07) which did not occur with oxygen pulses. By analogy with P.
      denitrificans, the alkaline transient is interpreted to arise from proton-linked
      nitrate uptake which is closely followed by nitrite efflux. The result is
      consistent with internal reduction of nitrate, whereas external reduction would
      be expected to give leads to H+/NO3-ratios approaching --2.

PMID- 374344
TI  - Mapping of ilvO loci of Escherichia coli K-12 with bacteriophage lambda dilv.
AB  - A set of lambda dilv phage have been used in a deletion mapping procedure to
      determine the location of two previously characterized ilvO alleles. In contrast
      to earlier conclusions derived from three-factor crosses and episome-shortening
      techniques with phage P1, the order found is ilvG-ilvO-ilvEDA. A three-factor
      cross with phage P1 is described that is not consistent with this location for an
      ilvO allele. Further analysis of this particular three-factor cross revealed than
      an artifact attributable to a mutual syntrophism had skewed the apparent
      frequency of inheritance of the ilvO locus. The role of mutual syntrophism is
      discussed as a source of mapping errors for the ilvO locus. The value of this set
      of lambda dilv phage and this mapping procedure for obtaining comparatively
      unambiguous data on the locations of the ilv structural and regulatory genes is
      demonstrated.

PMID- 374345
TI  - Enzymatic degradation of uracil-containing deoxyribonucleic acid. V. Survival of
      Escherichia coli and coliphages treated with sodium bisulfite.
AB  - A number of mutants of Escherichia coli defective in the ung gene (structural
      gene for uracil-deoxyribonucleic acid [ura-DNA] glycosylase) are shown to be
      abnormally sensitive to treatment with sodium bisulfite when compared with
      congenic ung+ strains. These results provide further evidence that sodium
      bisulfite causes the deamination of cytosine to uracil in DNA and that ura-DNA
      glycosylase is required for the repair of U-G mispairs. The effect of the
      chemical is apparently selective with respect to base damage; coliphages
      containing cytosine in their DNA are inactivated by treatment with sodium
      bisulfite, whereas those containing hydroxymethylcytosine are not. ura-DNA
      glycosylase and the major apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease of E. coli may
      function in the same repair pathway, since the extent of inactivation of a
      congenic set of strains which are ung xth (structural gene for the major apurinic
      apyrimidinic endonuclease of E. coli) or ung xth+ is the same.

PMID- 374346
TI  - Salmonella typhimurium newD and Escherichia coli leuC genes code for a functional
      isopropylmalate isomerase in Salmonella typhimurium-Escherichia coli hybrids.
AB  - The supQ newD gene substitution system in Salmonella typhimurium restores leucine
      prototrophy to leuD mutants by providing the newD gene product which is capable
      of replacing the missing leuD polypeptide in the isopropylmalate isomerase, a
      complex of the leuC and leuD gene product. Mutations in the supQ gene are
      required to make the newD protein available. An Escherichia coli F' factor was
      constructed which carried supQ- newD+ from S. typhimurium on a P22-specialized
      transducing genome. This F' pro lac (P22dsupQ394newD) episome was transferred
      into S. typhimurium strains containing th leuD798-ara deletion; the resulting
      merodiploid strains had a Leu+ phenotype, indicating that supQ- newD+ is dominant
      over supQ+ newD+, and eliminating the possibility that the supQ gene codes for a
      repressor of the newD gene. Furthermore, transfer of the F' pro lac
      (P22dsupQ39newD) into E. coli leuD deletion strains restored leucine prototrophy,
      showing that the S. typhimurium newD gene can complment the E. coli leuC gene.
      Growth rates of the S. typhimurium-E coli hybrid strains indicated that the
      mutant isopropylmalate isomerase in these strains does not induce a leucine
      limitation, as it does in S. typhimurium leuD supQ mutants. In vitro activity of
      the mutant isopropylmalate isomerase was demonstrated; the Km values for alpha
      isopropylmalate of both the S. typhimurium leuC-newD isomerase and the S.
      typhimurium-E. coli hybrid isomerase were as much as 100 times higher than the Km
      values for alpha-isopropylmalate of the wild-type enzyme, which was 3 x 10(-4) M.
      Mutagenesis of E. coli leuD deletion strains failed to restore leucine
      prototrophy, indicating that E. coli does not have genes analogous to the S.
      typhimurium supQ newD genes, of that, if present, activation of a newD is a rare
      event or is lethal to the cell.

PMID- 374347
TI  - Positive selection of mutants with cell envelope defects of a Salmonells
      typhimurium strain hypersensitive to the products of genes hisF and hisH.
AB  - Strain SB564 and its derivative DA78 are hypersensitive to the inhibitory action
      of the proteins coded for by genes hisF and hisH on cell division. Transduction
      of hisO1243, a regulatory mutation that elicits a very high level of expression
      of the histidine operon, into these strains resulted in the production of long
      filamentous cells carrying large "balloons" and in growth failure. Forty-one
      hisO1242 derivatives that escaped inhibition were isolated. These strains showed
      a large variety of alterations, many of which were related to the cell envelope.
      The more-frequent alterations included: changes in cell shape, increased
      sensitivity to one or more of several drugs (deoxycholate, cycloserine,
      penicillin, novobiocin, acridine orange), increased autolytic activity in
      alkaline buffer, anomalous fermentation of maltose on eosin--methylene blue
      plates, and temperature-conditional cell division. The alterations are produced,
      in some of the strains, by pleiotropic mutations in gene envB (Anton, Mol, Gen.
      Genet. 160:277--286, 1978) or envD (Anton and Orce, Mol. Gen. Genet. 144:97--105,
      1976). Strains affected in divC, divD, and rodA loci have also been identified.
      Genetic analysis has shown that several strains carry more than one envelope
      mutation. It is assumed that envelope mutations are positively selected because
      they somehow alleviate the particularly severe inhibition of cell division
      caused, in strains SB564 and DA78, by the excessive synthesis of hisF and hisH
      gene products.

PMID- 374348
TI  - Chloramphenicol resistance mutation in Escherichia coli which maps in the major
      ribosomal protein gene cluster.
AB  - Localized mutagenesis and selection for streptomycin resistance were utilized to
      isolate a chloramphenicol resistance mutation in Escherichia coli K-12 linked to
      the strA (rpsL) locus. Bacteriophage P1 transduction verified the map position of
      the new resistance mutation at 72 min, placing it within a dense cluster of
      ribosomal protein genes. The map position differs from that of known cmlA and
      cmlB mutations, which map at 18 and 21 min, respectively. Ribosomes prepared from
      chloramphenicol-resistant and -sensitive isogenic transductants were analyzed in
      vitro for activity in formation of N-formylmethionyl-puromycin,
      polyphenylalanine, and polylysine in the presence of inhibitory concentrations of
      chloramphenicol. Comparisons were also made of 14C-chloramphenicol binding to 70S
      ribosomes and of the two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis pattern
      of ribosomal proteins from each strain. There was no detectable difference
      between ribosomes from sensitive and resistant strains as measured by these
      assays. Enzymatic modification by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase is not
      responsible for the observed phenotype.

PMID- 374350
TI  - Nucleoside diphosphate sugar hydrolase gene of Salmonella typhimurium:
      chromosomal location determined by intergeneric crosses.
AB  - The gene specifying a membrane-bound nucleoside diphosphate sugar hydrolase of
      Salmonella typhimurium was mapped near the metA locus by using intergeneric
      crosses between this bacterium and Escherichia coli.

PMID- 374349
TI  - Enumeration and identification of IS3 elements in Escherichia coli strains.
AB  - Escherichia coli K-12 strains ordinarily contain five IS3 elements. Three of
      these correspond to previously mapped IS3 elements (R. C. Deonier, G. R. Oh, and
      M. Hu, J. Bacteriol. 129:1129--1140, 1977; S. Hu, E. Ohtsubo, and N. Davidson, J.
      Bacteriol. 122:749--763, 1975), and two additional IS3 elements are identified.
      The distribution of IS3 elements among deoxyribonucleic acid fragments generated
      by digestion with EcoRI indicates a basic pattern from which deviation is
      detected.

PMID- 374351
TI  - Association of tellurium resistance and bacteriophage inhibition conferred by R
      plasmids.
AB  - Concomitant resistance to tellurium compounds (Ter) and inhibition of coli-phage
      development (Phi) are properties mediated by many H2 incompatibility group R
      plasmids which have been isolated from diverse bacterial and geographic sources.
      Ter plasmids from tellurium-resistant bacteria that were isolated from sewage and
      industrial wastes also mediated phage inhibition. Of these Ter plasmids, three
      from Citrobacter freundii belonged to the H incompatibility group, whereas three
      from Klebsiella pneumoniae did not.

PMID- 374352
TI  - Screening for amino acid pool mutants of Neurospora and yeasts: replica-printing
      technique.
AB  - A replica-printing technique has been developed for permeabilized colonies of
      Neurospora and yeast by which endogenous amino acid pools are visualized. By the
      use of cation-exchange paper, the method has detected Neurospora mutants unable
      to store the large pools of basic amino acids characteristic of wild type.
      Mutants of this sort were sought to study the function of the fungal vacuole.

PMID- 374353
TI  - Enhancement of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I-directed repair synthesis in
      toluene-treated Escherichia coli after growth in the presence of low levels of N
      methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.
AB  - Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I-directed repair synthesis can be selectively
      measured in toluene-treated Escherichia coli cells exposed to alkylating
      chemicals such as N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Prior growth of the cells
      in the presence of a low dose of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine results in
      an enhanced deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I-directed repair synthesis and an
      increase in single-strand breaks.

PMID- 374354
TI  - Incorporation of synthetic fatty acid analogs into phospholipids of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Escherichia coli K1060-B5 (fadE fabB thi) incorporates into phospholipids several
      new synthetic fatty acid analogs including those containing phenyl, phenoxy, and
      azidophenoxy groups at the omega position.

PMID- 374355
TI  - Addition of basic amino acids prevents G-1 arrest of nitrogen-starved cultures of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Arginase-minus mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were arrested in growth and
      accumulated at the unbudded G-1 stage of the cell cycle when starved for
      nitrogen. If, however, arginine was added to the culture medium at the time of
      starvation, growth ceased but the cells did not collect at the unbudded G-1
      stage. We suggest that arginine addition prevented the cells from collecting at
      the G-1 stage by starving them for histidine and lysine, thereby inhibiting
      synthesis of proteins needed to complete the cell cycle.

PMID- 374356
TI  - Thermoresistant revertants of an Escherichia coli strain carrying tif-1 and ruv
      mutations: non-suppressibility of ruv by sfi.
AB  - Spontaneous thermoresistant revertants were isolated from Tif1 Ruv- and Tif1 Ruv+
      strains of Escherichia coli K-12. They were divided into five groups; backmutants
      to tif+ and recA structural gene mutants accounted for at least two of these
      groups. Mutations with an unconditional RecA- phenyotype were detected at a
      higher frequency in the Tif1 Ruv- strains (65%) than in the Tif1 Ruv+ strains
      (25%). A third group consisted of revertants exhibiting a RecA- phenotype at low
      temperature. Revertants with normal recombination ability and UV resistance, but
      with a thermosensitive defect in propagating lambda bio11 phage, were also
      isolated (group 4). The alleles responsible for this property were cotransducible
      with the srl gene, suggesting that they are located at the recA locus. Other
      revertants, which might carry lex, LEXB, or zab mutations, were UV sensitive and
      were able to propagate lambda bio11 phage (group 5). The sfi mutation, which
      suppresses filamentation in the Tif1 and UV-sensitive Lon- strains, does not
      restore UV resistance of the Ruv- mutant.

PMID- 374357
TI  - Repair of ultraviolet light-damaged deoxyribonucleic acid in sbc-A strains of
      Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - An Escherichia coli strain carrying both rec+ and sbcA has been constructed.
      Repair of ultraviolet light-induced deoxyribonucleic acid damage was examined by
      measuring survival and thymine-dimer excision in the rec+ sbcA strain as well as
      rec+ sbcA+ and recB recC sbcA strains. The sbcA mutation restores normal survival
      in both recB recC uvrB and recB recC uvr+ strains. Excision of thymine-containing
      dimers does not occur in uvrB mutants, regardless of the rec or sbcA genotype.
      Survival, after ultraviolet-light damage, of a rec+ sbcA strain is quantitatively
      similar to rec+ sbcA+ and recB recC sbcA strains.

PMID- 374358
TI  - Properties and biosynthesis of cyclopropane fatty acids in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The lipid phase transition of Escherichia coli phospholipids containing
      cyclopropane fatty acids was compared with the otherwise homologous phospholipids
      lacking cyclopropane fatty acids. The phase transitions (determined by scanning
      calorimetry) of the two preparations were essentially identical. Infection of E.
      coli with phage T3 inhibited cyclopropane fatty acid formation over 98%, whereas
      infection with mutants which lack the phage coded S-adenosylmethionine cleavage
      enzyme had no effect on cyclopropane fatty acid synthesis. These data indicate
      that S-adenosylmethionine is the methylene in cyclopropane fatty acid synthesis.

PMID- 374359
TI  - Alteration of the fatty acid composition of Escherichia coli by growth in the
      presence of normal alcohols.
AB  - The addition of normal alcohols in the series n-butanol to n-octanol to cultures
      of Escherichia coli ML308 grown on defined or lipid-free medium (at 17, 27, and
      37 degrees C) caused an alteration in the fatty acid composition of this
      organism: the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids increased. Changes in
      the relative quantities of individual fatty acid species elicited by increasing
      concentrations of these alcohols were as follows: (i) myristic acid remained
      constant: (ii) palmitic acid increased; and (iii) the combined amount of
      palmitoleic plus cis-methylene hexadecanoic acids changed in a way which was
      reflected inversely by changes in the amount of cis-vaccenic acid. Comparable
      changes were not observed when cells were grown in the presence of n-nonanol and
      n-decanol in the concentration range tested. The changes observed upon addition
      of normal alcohols (n-butanol to n-octanol) paralleled, in part, the alterations
      in fatty acid composition observed when growth temperature was increased.

PMID- 374360
TI  - Mating pheromones of Saccharomyces kluyveri: pheromone interactions between
      Saccharomyces kluyveri and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Saccharomyces kluyveri is a heterothallic yeast with two allelic mating types
      denoted as a-k and alpha-k by analogy with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and from the
      work described here. S. kluyveri produces mating pheromones analogous to those of
      S. cerevisiae, but which appear to have different specificity. S. kluyveri thus
      differs from S. cerevisiae, Hansenula wingei, and Schizosaccharomyces pombe in
      that it exhibits both strong constitutive agglutination and mating pheromones.
      alpha-k cells produce a pheromone ("alpha-k-factor") which causes a-k cells to
      arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and to undergo a morphological change.
      After a period of time dependent on the concentration of alpha-k-factor, cells
      exposed to the factor resume cell division. alpha-k-factor has no effect on a
      k/alpha-k diploids or on alpha-k cells, but at high concentration does induce G1
      arrest of S. cerevisiaea cells (a-c). a-k cells produce a pheromone ("a-k
      factor") which causes alpha-k cells to exhibit a morphological change. In
      addition, a-k cells exhibit the Bar phenotype with respect to alpha-k-factor.
      Partially purified preparations of S. cerevisiae alpha-factor are more active in
      inducing G1 arrest of a-k cells than of a-c cells. A more purified preparation of
      alpha-c-factor is less active against a-k cells than a-c cells, suggesting that
      an additional factor (KRE, kluyveri response enhancer) may be lost during
      purification. Attempts to mate S. kluyveri and S. cerevisiae cells by prototroph
      selection and by cell-to-cell mating have been unsuccessful with all combinations
      of mating types. Thus, S. cerevisiae and S. kluyveri are incompatible for mating
      even though their pheromones exhibit some physiological cross-reaction.

PMID- 374361
TI  - Regulation of nonspecific acid phosphatase in Salmonella: phoN and phoP genes.
AB  - Mutations in Salmonella typhimurium strains lacking nonspecific acid phosphatase
      mapped in two unlinked loci. One of these, phoP, was cotransducible by phage P22
      with purB, whereas the second, phoN, was cotransducible by phage P1 with purA.
      Mutants with temperature-sensitive nonspecific acid phosphatase activity
      (measured in whole cells) were also isolated. A phoN mutant with thermolabile
      whole-cell activity was isolated directly from wild-type LT-2. Several other
      mutants with temperature-sensitive enzyme activity were also isolated as
      revertants of phoN mutants. These data suggest that phoN might be a structural
      locus for nonspecific acid phosphatase. The observation that a mutation resulting
      in high level of nonspecific acid phosphatase mapped in phoP suggests a possible
      regulatory role for this locus.

PMID- 374362
TI  - Regulation of protein synthesis during early limitation of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Arsenate, a competitive inhibitor with phosphate in phosphorylation reactions,
      has been used to lower adenine and guanine nucleotide levels in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae to study nucleotide effects on protein synthesis. By measuring
      polysome levels, we have shown that initiation of protein synthesis is much more
      sensitive than elongation or termination to inhibition when the ATP/ADP, GTP/GDP
      ratios are low. When the arsenate-phosphate molar ratio was 0.27, protein
      synthesis was inhibited by about 85% and the kinetics of polysome decay was
      similar to that observed with the initiation inhibitor, verrucarin-76, or with
      the protein synthesis initiation mutant, ts187, at the restrictive temperature.
      With this level of arsenate, the adenylate energy charge dropped from 0.9 to 0.7
      and the ATP/ADP and GTP/GDP ratios dropped from 6 to 2. The observed correlations
      between nucleotide ratio changes and inhibition of protein synthesis suggest that
      the former may be a control signal for the latter. The significance of these in
      vivo correlations will have to be tested with an in vitro protein synthesizing
      system. Higher arsenate levels resulted in even lower ATP/ADP, GTP/GDP ratios and
      in a slower decay of polysomes, implying that, eventually, elongation (in
      addition to initiation) was being inhibited.

PMID- 374363
TI  - Length growth of two Escherichia coli B/r substrains.
AB  - Length growth of synchronized Escherichia coli B/r substrain A (ATCC 12407) and
      B/r substrain F26 (Thy his) was followed with an electron microscope. Cells were
      grown with doubling times (tau) of 60 min (B/rA) and of 82 and 165 min (B/rF26).
      Different length growth patterns were found for the two substrains. In B/rF, the
      length growth rate increased about midway in the cell cycle. For tau = 165 min,
      the rate increase was preceded by a short period of slow growth. For B/r A (r =
      60 min), this period seemed to occur at the beginning of the cell cycle. The
      possibility is raised that the different length growth patterns are related to
      different deoxyribonucleic acid replication patterns of the respective strains.

PMID- 374364
TI  - Meiotic mapping of yeast ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid on chromosome XII.
AB  - We have used meiotic mapping techniques to locate the position of the repeating
      ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that
      the rDNA genes are located on the right arm of chromosome XII, approximately 45
      map units centromere distal to the gene gal2. Together with mapping data from
      previous studies, this result suggests that the tandem array of rDNA genes
      contains at least two junctions with the non-rDNA of the yeast chromosome. In
      addition, we observed segregation patterns of the rDNA genes consistent with
      meiotic recombination within the rDNA gene tandem array in 3 of the 59 tetrads
      examined.

PMID- 374365
TI  - Characterization of arithmetic deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis at restrictive
      temperature in a dnaE mutant of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - The dna-293  mutation is shown to be a dnaE allele. The linear deoxyribonucleic
      acid synthesis previously observed in this mutant has been further characterized.
      The production of small deoxyribonucleic acid intermediates and their subsequent
      joining were identical in the mutant and its dnaE+ parent at 42.5 degrees C.
      Though the mutant cells continued to divide at the nonpermissive temperature, the
      rate of division was reduced. The data are consistent with a lack of production
      of replicationally active deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase III at the restrictive
      temperature.

PMID- 374366
TI  - Genetic and biochemical studies of transport systems for branched-chain amino
      acids in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 requiring high concentrations of branched-chain
      amino acids for growth were isolated. One of the mutants was shown to be
      defective in transport activity for branched-chain amino acids. The locus of the
      mutation (hrbA) was mapped at 8.9 min on the E. coli genetic map by conjugational
      and transductional crosses. The gene order of this region is proC-hrbA-tsx. The
      hrbA system was responsible for the uptake activity of cytoplasmic membrane
      vesicles. It was not repressed by leucine. The substrate specificities and
      kinetics of the uptake activities were studied using cytoplasmic membrane
      vesicles and intact cells of the mutants grown in the presence or absence of
      leucine. Results showed that there are three transport systems for branched-chain
      amino acids, LIV-1, -2, and -3. The LIV-2 and -3 transport systems are low
      affinity systems, the activities of which are detectable in cytoplasmic membrane
      vesicles. The systems are inhibited by norleucine but not by threonine. The LIV-2
      system is also repressed by leucine. The LIV-1 transport system is a high
      affinity system that is sensitive to osmotic shock. When the leucine-isoleucine
      valine-threonine-binding protein is derepressed, the high-affinity system can be
      inhibited by threonine.

PMID- 374367
TI  - Relationship between deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pools and deoxyribonucleic
      acid synthesis in an nrdA mutant of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A shift to 42 degrees C in an nrdA mutant causes a decrease in deoxyribonucleic
      acid synthesis without a concomitant decrease in deoxynucleotide triphosphate
      pools.

PMID- 374368
TI  - Cross-linking analysis of the two forms of protein I, a major outer membrane
      protein of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The two forms of protein I were cross-linked to molecules of the same species,
      even when both were present simultaneously. This suggests that they form separate
      multimers in the outer membrane.

PMID- 374369
TI  - Rapid methods for generalized transduction of Salmonella typhimurium mutants.
AB  - A procedure has been developed that allows the propagation of generalized
      transducing phage directly on cells growing on solid media. After the donor cells
      are killed with chloroform, the phage can be transferred directly to recipient
      cells and transductants can be selected.

PMID- 374370
TI  - Mapping hisS, the structural gene for histidyl-transfer ribonucleic acid
      synthetase, in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The structural gene for histidyl-tRNA synthetase was localized to 53.8 min on the
      Escherichia coli genome. The gene order in this region was determined to be dapE
      purC-upp-purG-(guaA, guaB)-hisS-glyA.

PMID- 374371
TI  - Resolution of glpA and glpT loci into separate operons in Escherichia coli K-12
      strains.
AB  - The independent insertion of bacteriophage Mu into the gene coding for anaerobic
      sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (glpA) or into the genes coding for sn
      glycerol 3-phosphate transport (glpT) suggested that these two closely linked
      loci are in separate operons.

PMID- 374372
TI  - Increased amplification of pBR322 plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid in Escherichia
      coli K-12 strains RR1 and chi1776 grown in the presence of high concentrations of
      nucleoside.
AB  - When pBR322 plasmid-harboring Escherichia coli strains RR1 or chi1776 were grown
      in the presence of 1 mg of uridine or cytidine per ml and later treated with
      chloramphenicol, as much as three times more plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid was
      recovered than would normally be obtained by routine plasmid amplification
      procedures.

PMID- 374373
TI  - Distribution of cell lengths in cultures of a lexA mutant of Escherichia coli K
      12.
AB  - Distributions of cell lengths in lexA+ and lexA mutant cultures during normal
      growth and under thymidine starvation conditions are presented. During normal
      growth lexA mutant cells were slightly shorter, on the average, than were lexA+
      cells. lexA mutant cells were also shorter in comparison with lexA+ cells after a
      period of thymidine starvation. These results are consistent with the hypothesis
      that the lexA gene is involved in the coordination of cell division with DNA
      repair.

PMID- 374374
TI  - Gene copy number effects in the mer operon of plasmid NR1.
AB  - The level of resistance to Hg2+ determined by the inducible mer operon of plasmid
      NR1 was essentially the same for three gene copy number variants in Escherichia
      coli, less in Proteus mirabilis, and intermediate in P. mirabilis "transitioned"
      to a high r-determinant gene copy number. Cell-free volatilization rates of
      radioactive mercury indicated increasing levels of intracellular mercuric
      reductase enzyme from low- to high-gene copy number forms in P. mirabilis and
      from low- to high-copy number forms in E. coli, but the additional enzyme in E.
      coli was effectively cryptic.

PMID- 374375
TI  - Receptor for bacteriophage lambda of Escherichia coli forms larger pores in black
      lipid membranes than the matrix protein (porin).
AB  - The receptor for phage lambda in Escherichia coli was isolated by cholate
      extraction and purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. Protein bands corresponding to the monomer and the dimer were
      eluted from the gel and tested for their activity to inactivate phage lambda and
      to form pores in black lipid membranes. It was found that only the dimer
      inactivated phage lambda, whereas both the monomer and the dimer were active in
      forming pores. The pore characteristics were similar to those exhibited by the
      matrix protein (porin) (R. Benz, K. Janko, W. Boos, and P. Lauger, Biochim.
      Biophys. Acta 511:305--319, 1978). In comparison, the lambda receptor showed a
      somewhat higher degree of cation specificity, and its pore size was larger.
      Assuming that the thickness of the outer membrane is 7.5 nm and that the pore is
      an ideal hydrophilic channel, the pore diameter in vivo was estimated to be 1.6
      nm for the lambda receptor and 1.2 nm for the matrix protein.

PMID- 374376
TI  - Polypeptides expressed in Escherichia coli K-12 minicells by transposition
      elements Tn1 and Tn3.
AB  - Escherichia coli K-12 minicells were employed to examine polypeptides encoded by
      plasmids carrying wild-type and mutant Tn1 or Tn3 transposition elements. Tn1-
      and Tn3-containing minicells express high levels of four transposon-specified
      polypeptides. Three, of molecular weights 30,000, 28,000, and 25,000, are related
      immunologically to beta-lactamase, the enzyme responsible for ampicillin
      hydrolysis. A fourth polypeptide of molecular weight 19,000 is encoded by the Tn1
      or Tn3 region which spans the BamHI cleavage site. Mutant transposons which no
      longer produce this polypeptide transpose at higher than wild-type frequencies to
      give aberrant transposition products (Gill et al., J. Bacteriol. 136: 742--756,
      1978; Heffron et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci U.S.A. 72:3632--3627, 1975). No
      expression could be detected from a region of the transposons extending from the
      inverted repeat sequence distal to the beta-lactamase gene to more than half the
      distance into the Tn1 or Tn3 sequence.

PMID- 374377
TI  - Two-dimensional protein patterns during growth and sporulation in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Proteins synthesized by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in presporulation and
      sporulation media were compared by using sporulating (a/alpha) and nonsporulating
      (a/a and alpha/alpha) yeast strains. Total cellular proteins were labeled with
      [35S]methionine and analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. Autoradiograms and/or fluorograms showed some 700 spots per gel.
      Nine proteins were synthesized by a/alpha cells which were specific to
      vegetative, log-phase conditions. During incubation in sporulation medium,
      sporulating (a/alpha) cells synthesized 11 proteins not present in vegetatively
      growing cell. These same 11 proteins, however, were synthesized by nonsporulating
      (a/a and alpha/alpha) cells on sporulation medium as well. Nonsporulating
      diploids (a/a and alpha/alpha) were also examined with the electron microscope at
      various times during their incubation in sporulation medium. Certain cellular
      responses found to be unique to meiotic yeast cells in previous studies were
      exhibited by the nonsporulating controls. The degree to which all cell types
      (a/alpha, a/a, and alpha/alpha) were committed to sporulation was also determined
      by shifting cells from sporulation medium to vegetative medium. Some commitment
      to the meiotic pathway was observed in both the a/alpha and the a/a, alpha/alpha
      cells.

PMID- 374378
TI  - Clustering of genes involved in replication, copy number control,
      incompatibility, and stable maintenance of the resistance plasmid R1drd-19.
AB  - Plasmid R1drd-19 is present in a small number of copies per cell of Escherichia
      coli. The plasmid was reduced in size by in vivo as well as in vitro (cloning)
      techniques, resulting in a series of plasmid derivatives of different molecular
      weight. All plasmids isolated contain a small region (about 2 x 10(6) daltons of
      deoxyribonucleic acid) of the resistance transfer factor part of the plasmid
      located close to one of the IS1 sequences that separates the resistance transfer
      factor part from the resistance determinant. All these derivatives were present
      at the same copy number, retained the incompatibility properties of plasmid R1drd
      19, and were stably maintained during cell division. Genes mutated to yield copy
      mutations also were found to be located in the same region.

PMID- 374379
TI  - Dependency of size of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells on growth rate.
AB  - The mean size and percentage of budded cells of a wild-type haploid strain of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in batch culture over a wide range of doubling
      times (tau) have been measured using microscopic measurements and a particle size
      analyzer. Mean size increased over a 2.5-fold range with increasing growth rate
      (from tau = 450 min to tau = 75 min). Mean size is principally a function of
      growth rate and not of a particular carbon source. The duration of the budded
      phase increased at slow growth rates according to the empirical equation, budded
      phase = 0.5 tau + 27 (all in minutes). Using a recent model of the cell cycle in
      which division is thought to be asymmetric, equations have been derived for mean
      cell age and mean cell volume. The data are consistent with the notion that
      initiation of the cell cycle occurs at "start" after attainment of a critical
      cell size, and this size is dependent on growth rate, being, at slow growth
      rates, 63% of the volume of fast growth rates. Previous reports are reanalyzed in
      the light of the unequal division model and associated population equations.

PMID- 374380
TI  - Genetic mapping of the chromosomal replication origin of Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Two hundred strains of Escherichia coli harboring Filv+ plasmids which carry a
      segment of the Salmonella typhimurium chromosome were isolated independently.
      Among them, two strains were found to harbor F' plasmids that are able to
      replicate in Hfr cells of E. coli; i.e., they carry a site designated poh
      (permissive on Hfr) of the S. typhimurium chromosome. The poh site is presumably
      identical with the replication origin (oriC) of the bacterial chromosome. These
      two plasmids carry the dnaA-uncA-rbs-ilv-cya-metE region of the chromosome of S.
      typhimurium. Other F' plasmids which only carried the ilv-cya-metE region were
      unable to be maintained in Hfr cells. The poh site (= oriC) of S. typhimurium
      thus is located in the uhp-ilv region of the chromosome. The two plasmids
      carrying the poh site of S. typhimurium can suppress the temperature-sensitive
      character of an E. coli mutant that carries the temperature-sensitive dnaA46
      allele, when the plasmids exist in the mutant cells. This suggests that the dnaA
      chromosome in place of the dnaA gene product of E. coli itself. The ability of
      the plasmids carrying the poh site of S. typhimurium to replicate in Hfr cells of
      E. coli suggests that the replication system of E. coli can recognize the
      Salmonella replication origin.

PMID- 374382
TI  - Rifampin disrupts conjugal and chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid metabolism in
      Escherichia coli K-12 carrying some IncIalpha plasmids.
AB  - The effects of rifampin and chloramphenicol on the transfer of ColIdrd-1 have
      been examined to determined whether transfer requires the synthesis of an
      untranslated species of ribonucleic acid (RNA), as proposed in models for the
      transfer of another IncIalpha plasmid, R64drd-11. When RNA synthesis was
      inhibited throughout mating by rifampin, ColI transfer between dna+ bacteria
      occurred at the normal rate for about 10 min and then stopped abruptly.
      Conjugational deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis in dnaB mutants indicates
      that plasmid DNA was made in the rifampin-treated donors to replace the
      transferred material but the DNA tended to be unstable. In the presence of
      chloramphenicol, transfer of ColI gradually diminished over a longer period.
      Rifampin, but not chloramphenicol, was found to have unpredicted effects on
      chromosomal DNA metabolism in unmated dna+ and dnaB bacteria when they harbor any
      of three IncIalpha plasmids (ColIdrd-1, R144drd-3, and R64drd-11). Replication of
      the bacterial chromosome in such cells stopped abruptly about 15 min after the
      addition of rifampin, and at 41 degrees C, but not 37 degrees C, this was
      followed by extensive DNA breakdown. These findings suggest that curtailment of
      IncIalpha plasmid transfer by the drug results from a general disruption of DNA
      metabolism rather than from inhibition of a species of RNA essential for
      transfer.

PMID- 374383
TI  - Multiple loci affecting photoreactivation in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Sutherland et al. mapped a phr gene in Escherichia coli at 17 min and found that
      induction of an E. coli strain lysogenic for a lambda phage carrying this gene
      increased photoreactivating enzyme levels 2,000-fold. Recently, Smith and Youngs
      and Sancar and Rupert located a phr gene at 15.9 min. We have therefore
      investigated the properties of photoreactivating enzyme and cellular
      photoreactivation in cells containing deletions of the gene at 17 min. Cells with
      this deletion photoreactivated ultraviolet-induced killing at a rate 20% of
      normal; they also contained approximately 20% of the normal photoreactivating
      enzyme level. The residual enzyme in these cells was characterized to determine
      whether the reduced cellular photoreactivation rate and photoreactivating enzyme
      levels resulted from reduced numbers of normal enzymes or from an altered enzyme.
      Photoreactivating enzymes from strains carrying a deletion of the region at 17
      min had an apparent Km about two- to threefold higher than normal enzyme and
      showed markedly increased heat lability. The gene at 17 min thus contains
      information determining the function of the E. coli photoreactivating enzyme
      rather than the quantity of the enzyme. It is proposed that the gene at 17 min be
      termed phrA and that located at 15.9 min be termed phrB.

PMID- 374381
TI  - Genetic studies of an Escherichia coli K-12 temperature-sensitive mutant
      defective in membrane protein synthesis.
AB  - The mutant divE42(Ts) of Escherichia coli K-12, defective in the synthesis of
      membrane proteins and in the transcription of the lac operon at high temperature,
      has been further characterized. It was found that a mutation (divE42) located at
      about min 22 on the E. coli chromosome map is responsible for the Lac- phenotype
      and temperature-sensitive growth. The mutation could be contransduced with serC,
      pyrD, or pyrC by phage P1 at a frequency of 4, 16, or 0.5%, respectively, the
      gene order being serC-pyrD-ompA-sulA-divE-pyrC. Examination of temperature
      independent revertants and Pyr+ transductants revealed that all the mutant
      phenotypes examined (deficiencies in the increase of activities of some membrane
      enzymes, expression of the lac operon, and synthesis of several other proteins)
      are due to a single mutation (divE42) which is recessive to the wild-type (divE+)
      allele. Protein synthesis in the mutant was also analyzed by dodecyl sulfate
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Synthesis of a number of proteins, including
      membrane proteins, was found to decrease significantly, whereas that of an
      elongation factor, EF-Tu, increased upon transfer of a log-phase culture to high
      temperature (42 degrees C). These effects of temperature shift-up on protein
      synthesis were evident within 5 min under the conditions used.

PMID- 374384
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a temperature-sensitive dnaK mutant of
      Escherichia coli B.
AB  - A temperature-sensitive dnaK mutant (strain MT112) was isolated from Escherichia
      coli B strain H/r30RT by thymineless death selection at 43 degrees C. By genetic
      mapping, the mutation [dnaK7(Ts)] was located near the thr gene (approximately
      0.2 min on the may). E. coli K-12 transductants of the mutation to temperature
      sensitivity were assayed for their susceptibility to transducing phage lambda
      carrying the dnaK and/or the dnaJ gene. All of the transductants were able to
      propagate phage lambda carrying the dnaK gene. When macromolecular synthesis of
      the mutant was assayed at 43 degrees C, it was observed that both
      deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid syntheses were severely inhibited.
      Thus, it was suggested that the conditionally defective dnaK mutation affects
      both cellular deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid syntheses at the
      nonpermissive temperature in addition to inability to propagate phage lambda at
      permissive temperature.

PMID- 374385
TI  - Individual proteins are synthesized continuously throughout the Escherichia coli
      cell cycle.
AB  - The pattern of synthesis of about 750 individual polypeptides was followed
      throughout the cell cycle of Escherichia coli B/r. Samples taken at different
      times in the cell cycle exhibited the same pattern of protein synthesis. No
      protein could be identified that was synthesized at different rates during
      different parts of the cell cycle.

PMID- 374386
TI  - Expression of ribosomal protein genes cloned in a hybrid plasmid in Escherichia
      coli: gene dosage effects on synthesis of ribosomal proteins and ribosomal
      protein messenger ribonucleic acid.
AB  - Using ColE1-TnA hybrid plasmid RSF2124 as the cloning vector, we constructed a
      hybrid plasmid, pNO1001, which carried seven ribosomal protein (r-protein) genes
      in the spc operon together with their promoter. The plasmid also carried three r
      protein genes which precede the spc operon, but did not carry the bacterial
      promoter for these genes. Expression of r-protein genes carried by pNO1001 was
      studied by measuring messenger ribonucleic acid and r-protein synthesis in cells
      carrying the plasmid. It was found that the messenger ribonucleic acid for all
      the promoter-distal r-protein genes was synthesized in large excess relative to
      messenger ribonucleic acid from other chromosomal r-protein genes which are not
      carried by the plasmid. However, only the two promoter-proximal r-proteins, L14
      and L24, were markedly overproduced. The absence of large gene dosage effects on
      the synthesis of other distal proteins appeared to be due, at least in part, to
      preferential inactivation and/or degradation of the distal message which codes
      for these proteins; in addition, some preferential inhibition of translation of
      the distal message might also have been involved. Overproduced L14 and L24 were
      found to be degraded in recA+ strains at both 30 and 42 degrees C; in recA
      strains, the degradation took place at 42 degrees C but was very slow or absent
      at 30 degrees C. The recA strains carrying pNO1001 failed to form colonies at 30
      degrees C, presumably because of overaccumulation of r-proteins. The results
      suggest that degradation of excess r-proteins is an important physiological
      process.

PMID- 374387
TI  - Phospholipid synthesis during the cell division cycle of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Stepwise changes in the rate of phosphatidylethanolamine and phospholipid
      synthesis during the cell division cycle of Escherichia coli B/r were observed.
      The cell ages at the increases were found to be a function of the growth rate. At
      each growth rate, the increase occurred around the time new rounds of chromosome
      replication were inaugurated in the cycle.

PMID- 374388
TI  - Ionizing radiation damage to the folded chromosome of Escherichia coli K-12:
      sedimentation properties of irradiated nucleoids and chromosomal deoxyribonucleic
      acid.
AB  - The structures of the membrane-free nucleoid of Escherichia coli K-12 and of
      unfolded chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) were investigated by low-speed
      sedimentation on neutral sucrose gradients after irradiation with 60Co gamma
      rays. Irradiation both in vivo and in vitro was used as a molecular probe of the
      constraints on DNA packaging in the bacterial chromosome. The number of domains
      of supercoiling was estimated to be approximately 180 per genome equivalent of
      DNA, based on measurements of relaxation caused by single-strand break formation
      in folded chromosomes gamma irradiated in vivo and in vitro. Similar estimates
      based on the target size of ribonucleic acid molecules responsible for
      maintaining the compact packaging of the nucleoid predicted negligible unfolding
      due to the formation of ribonucleic acid single-strand breaks at doses of up to
      10 krad; this was born out by experimental measurements. Unfolding of the
      nucleoid in vitro by limit digestion with ribonuclease or by heating at 70
      degrees C resulted in DNA complexes with sedimentation coefficients of 1,030 +/-
      59S and 625 +/- 15S, respectively. The difference in these rates was apparently
      due to more complete deproteinization and thus less mass in the heated material.
      These structures are believed to represent intact, replicating genomes in the
      form of complex-theta structures containing two to three genome equivalents of
      DNA. The rate of formation of double-strand breaks was determined from molecular
      weight measurements of thermally unfolded chromosomal DNA gamma irradiated in
      vitro. Break formation was linear with doses up to 10 krad and occurred at a rate
      of 0.27 double-strand break per krad per genome equivalent of DNA (1,080
      eV/double-strand break). The influence of possible nonlinear DNA conformations on
      these values is discussed.

PMID- 374389
TI  - Ionizing radiation damage to the folded chromosome of Escherichia coli K-12:
      repair of double-strand breaks in deoxyribonucleic acid.
AB  - The extremely gentle lysis and unfolding procedures that have been developed for
      the isolation of nucleoid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA; K. M. Ulmer et al., J.
      Bacteriol. 138:475-485, 1979) yield undamaged, replicating genomes, thus
      permitting direct measurement of the formation and repair of DNA double-strand
      breaks at biologically significant doses of ionizing radiation. Repair of
      ionizing radiation damage to folded chromosomes of Escherichia coli K-12 strain
      AB2497 was observed within 2 to 3 h of post-irradiation incubation in growth
      medium. Such behavior was not observed after post-irradiation incubation in
      growth medium of a recA13 strain (strain AB2487). A model based on
      recombinational repair is proposed to explain the formation of 2,200 to 2,300S
      material during early stages of incubation and to explain subsequent changes in
      the gradient profiles. Association of unrepaired DNA with the plasma membrane is
      proposed to explain the formation of a peak of rapidly sedimenting material
      (greater than 3,100S) during the later stages of repair. Direct evidence of
      repair of double-strand breaks during post-irradiation incubation in growth
      medium was obtained from gradient profiles of DNA from ribonuclease-digested
      chromosomes. The sedimentation coefficient of broken molecules was restored to
      the value of unirradiated DNA after 2 to 3 h of incubation, and the fraction of
      the DNA repaired in this fashion was equal to the fraction of cells that survived
      at the same dose. An average of 2.7 double-strand breaks per genome per lethal
      event was observed, suggesting that one to two double-strand breaks per genome
      are repairable in E. coli K-12 strain AB2497.

PMID- 374390
TI  - Protein and ribonucleic acid syntheses in heat-damaged and heat-killed
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Protein and ribonucleic acid (RNA) syntheses were measured in both lethally
      injured and thermally damaged viable cells after heating at lethal temperatures.
      Immediately after heating, cells were incubated in growth media containing either
      [14C]leucine or [3H]uracil. The labeled cells were subsequently treated with
      penicillin. Viable cells were shown to lyse, and the intact nonviable cells were
      collected by centrifugation. The results showed that after heating, protein and
      RNA synthesis were reinitiated in the penicillin-sensitive cell population, but
      there was no detectable protein or RNA synthesis in the heat-killed cells which
      were resistant to penicillin. The lack of protein or RNA synthesis in lethally
      damaged cells during the entire recovery period may be interpreted to reflect the
      lethal thermal damage.

PMID- 374391
TI  - Inhibition by itaconate of growth of methylotrophic bacteria.
AB  - The effects of the isocitrate lyase-directed growth inhibitor itaconate on the
      growth of certain methylotrophic organisms was investigated. It was found that
      growth of those organisms possessing the Icl(+)-serine pathway of one-carbon
      metabolism was inhibited during growth on methylamine and on acetate, but not on
      glucose. Organisms possessing the Icl(-)-serine pathway pathway were unaffected.
      Organism PAR, an Icl(-)-serine pathway type, was not specifically inhibited
      during growth on acetate. This finding further substantiates previous reports of
      the lack of isocitrate lyase in this organism, indicating a totally new pathway
      for acetate assimilation.

PMID- 374392
TI  - Light effects in yeast: evidence for participation of cytochromes in
      photoinhibition of growth and transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultured at
      low temperatures.
AB  - Visible light of moderate intensity inhibits growth, respiration, protein
      synthesis, and membrane transport in bakers' yeast and has a deleterious effect
      on membrane integrity. The results of this study indicate that these effects
      require the presence of cytochromes b and a/a(3). The light sensitivities of
      growth rate and [(14)C]histidine uptake in wild-type rho(+) Y185 and D225-5A
      strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were compared with those in a variety of
      mutants lacking cytochrome b or a/a(3) or both; a close correlation was found
      between the presence of these respiratory pigments and photosensitivity. Thus,
      strain TL5-3C, a nuclear petite lacking cytochromes b, a, and a(3), was resistant
      to light; strain GL5-6A, another nuclear petite having reduced amounts of
      cytochromes a and a(3), was partially resistant; strains MB127-20C and MB1-6C,
      nuclear petites lacking only cytochrome b, were also only partially resistant to
      light; whereas mutants containing all three cytochromes but having their
      respiratory chain either nonfunctional (strain ZK3-6B) or uncoupled (strain 18
      27/t12) were fully sensitive to light. Finally, an equal-energy, broad-band
      action spectrum for the light inhibition of growth and transport indicated that
      blue light (408 nm) was most effective; these wavelengths correspond to the Soret
      region of the cytochrome absorption spectrum. The results suggest, therefore,
      that the yeast cytochromes b, a, and a(3) are the primary photoreceptors for the
      inhibitory effects of light and, perhaps, for other processes, such as the
      entrainment of biological rhythms in this species.

PMID- 374393
TI  - Escherichia coli mutant containing a large deletion from relA to argA.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli has been isolated that contains a large deletion
      (about 3 X 10(7) daltons of deoxyribonucleic acid) encompassing argA, fuc, and
      relA. This mutant strain (AA-787) is also cold sensitive for growth at 18 degrees
      C. Strain AA-787 was obtained fortuitously as a cold-sensitive pseudorevertant of
      a strain having a heat-sensitive peptidyl-transfer ribonucleic acid hydrolase.
      Genetic analysis, using transduction and interrupted mating, showed the cold
      sensitivity mutation to be located adjacent to relA. Further analysis
      demonstrated loss of relA, fuc, and argA gene functions but retention of eno and
      recB, closely linked genes adjacent to relA and argA, respectively. Unusually
      high cotransduction of flanking markers (cysC and thyA) indicated loss of
      approximately 1 min of the E. coli genetic map in strain AA-787. Guanosine 3'
      diphosphate 5'-diphosphate (ppGpp) was synthetized in mutant strain AA-787 at
      basal levels, and ppGpp synthesis was stimulated by carbon-source downshift. No
      ppGpp synthesis could be obtained using ribosomes isolated from strain AA-787.
      These findings, taken together, show that deletion of relA in E. coli does not
      completely abolish ppGpp synthesis and suggests that another enzyme system must
      also be responsible for ppGpp synthesis.

PMID- 374394
TI  - Structure of polyadenylic acid in the ribonucleic acid of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Investigations of the structure of polyadenylic acid [poly(A)] in yeast have
      shown that there are two classes of poly(A) distinguished by size and kinetics of
      synthesis. Each class is found directly on the 3' end of messenger RNA. One class
      contains poly(A) molecules ranging from 60 to less than 20 nucleotides long. The
      longest molecules in this poly(A) class are the first to become labeled when
      cells are exposed to [3H]adenine. Label then appears in progressively smaller
      molecules. The second class of poly(A) is about 20 nucleotides long. The length
      homogeneity of this class and the presence in nuclear DNA of many copies of a
      polythymidylate sequence which is the same length suggests that this poly(A) is
      synthesized by transcription from DNA.

PMID- 374395
TI  - Comparative ultrastructure of Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepraemurium
      cell envelopes.
AB  - The structural properties of the cell envelopes of Mycobacterium leprae and
      Mycobacterium lepraemurium were investigated by freeze-fracture, freeze-etching,
      and negative-staining techniques. Freeze-fracture split the cell wall and exposed
      the internal features of the peptidoglycolipid mycosidic filamentous network. The
      cell membrane was also split into two asymmetric faces. The external fracture
      face was characterized by linear arrays of intramembranous particles, whereas the
      protoplasmic fracture face showed randomly distributed clusters of particulate
      entities. Comparative analysis of the ultrastructural features observed in M.
      leprae and M. lepraemurium indicated that the organization of the cell envelope
      in these two species differed particularly with respect to the amount and
      complexity of the superficial peptidoglycolipid and mycosidic integument, which
      is poorly developed in the mycobacterium responsible for human disease.

PMID- 374396
TI  - Mutants of the mini-F plasmid pML31 thermosensitive in replication.
AB  - Hydroxylamine mutagenesis was used for the induction of thermosensitive
      replication mutants of the mini-F plasmid pML31. Replication mutants were
      characterized by studying the segregation kinetics and the incorporation of [3H]
      thymidine into plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid at the nonpermissive temperature.
      Based on these experiments two types of mutants could be distinguished. Mutants
      of type I are fast segregating with the kinetics expected if plasmid replication
      was blocked immediately. Double-label experiments showed a rapid shut-off of
      replication in these mutants at 42 degrees C. Mutants of type II segregate
      slower, showing only a partial inhibition of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid
      synthesis at the nonpermissive temperature. The label incorporated at 42 degrees
      C was predominantly found in open circular plasmid molecules.

PMID- 374397
TI  - Biochemical and topographical studies on Escherichia coli cell surface. IV. Giant
      spheroplast formation from a filamentous cell.
AB  - Long, nonseptate filamentous cells consisting of 5 to 40 single-cell unit lengths
      were formed from Escherichia coli surface mutant ONT-3 by treatment with a
      sublethal concentration of sodium dodecyl sylfate. As distinct from several other
      elongated cells (e.g., thymine-starved filaments), it was found here that stable
      giant spheroplasts, 5 to 10 micrometers in diameter, were produced by the action
      of lysozyme in the presence of bovine serum albumin via the gradual fusion of
      distinct spheroplasting bulbs.

PMID- 374398
TI  - Molecular nature of two Haemophilus influenzae R factors containing resistances
      and the multiple integration of drug resistance transposons.
AB  - The 36-megadalton Haemophilus influenzae R plasmid pHK539 was found to specify
      resistance to tetracycline (Tc) and ampicillin (Ap). It was shown by molecular
      hybridization studies and by electron microscopy that the plasmid pHK539
      contained the tetracycline translocation deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)segment
      (TnTc) as well as the ampicillin translocation segment (TnAp). The TnAp was
      integrated in the stem of TnTc. The 34-megadalton H. influenzae R plasmid pRI234
      carried a translocatable DNA segment which specified both tetracycline and
      chloramphenicol (Cm) resistance. Self-annealing and DNA-DNA heteroduplex
      experiments indicated that this transposon is probably composed of TnTc
      containing an insertion of a chloramphenicol resistance transposon (TnCm). TnCm
      is inserted into one of the components of the TnTc inverted repetitions and is
      itself flanked on both sides by long inverted repetitions. The H. influenzae
      plasmids pHK539 and pRI234 had more than 60% of their polynucleotide sequences in
      common with all the other 30- to 40-megadalton R factors recently found in H.
      influenzae isolates from different countries. The tetracycline-chloramphenicol
      resistance transposon of pRI234 was integrated twice at different sites in the
      plasmid after its growth in medium containing tetracycline. The presence of the
      two copies of the transposon was correlated with higher minimum inhibitory
      concentrations against tetracycline as well as against chloramphenicol. After its
      growth in medium containing tetracycline, the H. influenzae R plasmid pFR16017
      specifying Tc resistance contained one, two, three, or even four copies of TnTc
      integrated at different sites in the plasmid, or the loop of TnTc was amplified.
      The heterogeneity of the pFR16017 plasmid was seen in all single-colony isolates
      and correlated with a higher minimum inhibitory concentration against
      tetracycline.

PMID- 374399
TI  - Morphological stabilization of capsules of group B streptococci, types Ia, Ib,
      II, and III, with specific antibody.
AB  - Antibody prepared to the type-specific capsular polysaccharides of group B
      streptococci was used to demonstrate a stabilizing effect on the capsular
      glycocalyx. This permitted visualization by electron microscopy of the size of
      the capsule relative to the rest of the bacterial cell, and clear differences in
      the dimensions of untreated and antibody-treated capsular material were noted.
      Antibodies produced against group B streptococci types Ia, Ib, II, and III were
      used to demonstrate morphologically that the organization and extent of the
      capsular glycocalyx more closely resembles its natural state on stabilization by
      reaction with specific antibody.

PMID- 374400
TI  - Suppressor of deoxythmidine monophosphate uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Although yeast cannot normally incorporate exogenous deoxythymidine 5'
      monophosphate (dTMP) into deoxyribonucleic acid, mutants able to do so have been
      isolated. We have characterized a recessive suppressor of dTMP uptake (sot1) that
      prevents strains carrying either tup1, tup2, or tup4 from growing on selective
      medium. The sot1 mutation maps between rad1 and the centromere of chromosome XVI,
      and is unlinked to any of the tup mutations. The sot1 mutation does not suppress
      the other pleiotropic effects of the tup1 mutant, notably the lack of mating of
      tup1 MATalpha strains. The sot1 mutation specifically blocks the uptake of dTMP
      into tup strains. After growing a sot1 strain in medium containing [3H]dTMP, we
      showed that the medium still contained more than 90% of the original [3H]dTMP and
      that this medium could support the incorporation of [3H]dTMP by a tup2 strain.
      Therefore, sot1 strains do not degrade dTMP in the medium. The sot1 mutation had
      no effect on the uptake of other nutrients essential for growth, including
      several amino acids, adenine, and uracil.

PMID- 374401
TI  - Clozapine versus chlorpromazine for the treatment of schizophrenia: preliminary
      results from a double-blind study.
AB  - Fifteen schizophrenic inpatients were treated in a double-blind comparison study
      of clozapine versus chlorpromazine. Clozapine appeared to be at least as
      effective as chlorpromazine without producing any extrapyramidal reactions.
      Although bone marrow toxicity associated with clozapine has led to the drug's
      withdrawal from clinical use, data from studies of clozapine demonstrate that a
      drug can be effective antipsychotic without producing neurologic reactions.

PMID- 374402
TI  - Effect of deglycosylation of yeast invertase on its uptake and digestion in rat
      yolk sacs.
AB  - The uptake by rat yolk sacs of native invertase and invertase which was
      deglycosylated by treatment with endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase was compared.
      The initial rate of uptake of the deglycosylated enzyme was severalfold greater
      and its accumulation leveled off much earlier than that of the native enzyme.
      Uptake rates of the deglycosylated and native forms of the enzyme were
      proportional to their concentration in the medium in the range employed and were
      inhibited about 85% by 10(-6) M glucagon in both cases. After preloading of yolk
      sacs with native invertase, the tissue level of activity remained relatively
      constant over a subsequent 6-h time period, while with the deglycosylated form,
      activity declined substantially. Since this difference appears not to be
      attributable to differences in thermal stability, it is suggested that the
      deglycosylated form of the protein is more susceptible to intracellular
      proteolytic digestion. In vitro studies on the digestion of these two forms of
      invertase by trypsin are consistent with this suggestion.

PMID- 374403
TI  - Nucleoside transport in cells and membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - Osmotic shock treatment of cells of Escherichia coli K12 caused a reduction in
      the transport of nucleosides into the cells. The strains used carried mutations
      in the nucleoside catabolizing enzymes. This indicated that the decrease in
      transport capacity was not due to loss of these enzymes during the shock
      treatment. Membrane vesicles, prepared from the same strains, showed a limited
      transport of cytidine, deoxycytidine, and uridine. Transport of purine
      nucleosides and of thymidine was very low in vesicles lacking the appropriate
      nucleoside phosphorylases and no significant stimulation was observed if the
      nucleoside phosphorylases were present in the membrane vesicles. These results
      all indicate that components outside the cytoplasmic membrane are important for
      nucleoside transport. Selection for resistance to fluorodeoxycytidine yielded
      mutants which were unable to transport any nucleoside, even when the nucleoside
      phosphorylases were present in high amounts. This finding is consistent with a
      requirement for a specific transport process prior to the initial enzymatic
      attack on the incoming nucleoside.

PMID- 374404
TI  - The preparation and characterization of a cell-free system from Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae that translates natural messenger ribonucleic acid.
AB  - A cell-free protein-synthesizing system has been prepared from Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae by differential centrifugation of lysed spheroplasts. The preparation,
      a modified 100,000 x g supernatant fraction, contains ribosomes and monosomes,
      ribosomal subunits, translation factors, and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, but no
      polysomes. After removal of small amounts of remaining mRNA with micrococcal
      nuclease, protein synthesis is stringently dependent on the addition of mRNA, as
      well as amino acids and an energy-generating system. The 5'-cap analogue, 7
      methylguanosine 5'-phosphate, inhibits translation of several natural mRNAs, but
      has no effect on chain elongation. Incubation of the polysome-free extract with
      natural mRNA leads to the formation of protein-synthesizing polysomes and
      eventually, to the release of protein; the molecular weight of the protein
      synthesized in the presence of BMV (brome mosaic virus) RNA is consistent with
      that of BMV coat protein.

PMID- 374405
TI  - The analysis of intermediary reactions involved in protein synthesis, in a cell
      free extract of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that translates natural messenger
      ribonucleic acid.

PMID- 374407
TI  - Incorporation of N-acetylglucosamine into the core region of the cell wall
      lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 374406
TI  - Oxygen-sensitive and -insensitive nitroreduction by Escherichia coli and rat
      hepatic microsomes.
AB  - Nitrofurazone is shown to undergo an initial 1-electron (oxygen-sensitive) or 2-
      or more electron (oxygen-insensitive) reduction by partially purified
      nitroreductases from Escherichia coli. Nitrofurazone (50 micronM) is reduced by
      the oxygen-sensitive reductase to a nitro anion free radical as indicated by ESR
      and visible spectroscopy. The visible spectrum of the nitro anion free radical is
      characterized by an increase in absorption at 406 nm. In the presence of the
      oxygen-sensitive reductase, nitrofurazone stimulates superoxide formation and
      oxygen consumption. This enzyme gives a steady state radical concentration which
      is proportional to the square root of the enzyme concentration, suggesting that
      the nitrofurazone anion radical is an obligate intermediate in the reduction and
      that the radical decays by a nonenzymatic second order process. The oxygen
      insensitive reductase does not form the nitro anion free radical nor in the
      presence of nitrofurazone does it stimulate oxygen consumption. Visible
      spectroscopy shows that nitrofurazone is reduced by the oxygen-sensitive
      reductase to a species with an absorption maximum at 335 nm, which has been
      previously identified as the amine. The oxygen-insensitive reductase reduces
      nitrofurazone to a previously identified cyano derivative with an absorption
      maximum at 280 nm. Rat hepatic microsomes appear to metabolize nitrofurazone in a
      manner similar to the oxygen-sensitive E. coli reductase.

PMID- 374408
TI  - The purification of orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase from yeast by affinity
      chromatography.
AB  - We have prepared an affinity column for the purification of orotidine-5'
      phosphate decarboxylase from yeast. The column effects a 3200-fold purification
      from yeast homogenate in one pass; simple additional steps produce enzyme that
      has been purified 6700-fold and is not contaminated by any other protein that can
      be detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate-acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Overall,
      35% of the activity present in the yeast is recovered as pure enzyme. The resin
      for the column is synthesized by attaching the ethylenediamine amide of 5-(2
      carboxyethyl)-6-azauridine 5'-phosphate to carboxymethyl-agarose.

PMID- 374409
TI  - Purification of the o-dianisidine peroxidase from Escherichia coli B.
      Physicochemical characterization and analysis of its dual catalatic and
      peroxidatic activities.
AB  - Extracts of aerobically grown Escherichia coli B exhibit both catalase and
      dianisidine peroxidase activities. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
      demonstrates two distinct catalases which have been designated hydroperoxidases I
      and II (HP-I and HP-II) in order of increasing anodic mobility. HP-I has been
      purified to essential homogeneity and found to be composed of four subunits of
      equal size. Its molecular weight is 337,000, and it contains two molecules of
      protoheme IX per tetramer. Its amino acid composition is unusual, for so large a
      protein, in lacking half-cystine. HP-I is a very efficient catalase with an
      activity optimum at pH 7.5, a Km for H2O2 of 3.9 mM, and a turnover number of 9.8
      x 10(5) per min. It is also a broad specificity peroxidase capable of acting upon
      dianisidine, guaiacol, p-phenylenediamine, and pyrogallol. Dianisidine acted as a
      powerful reversible inhibitor of the catalatic activity of HP-I and as a suicide
      substrate when HP-I functioned in its peroxidatic mode.

PMID- 374410
TI  - Enoyl coenzyme A hydratase activity in Escherichia coli. Evidence for short and
      long chain specific enzymes and study of their associations.

PMID- 374412
TI  - Studies of the carbohydrate residues of glycoproteins by natural abundance carbon
      13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger.

PMID- 374411
TI  - Biological activity of benzo[e]pyrene. An assessment based on mutagenic
      activities and metabolic profiles of the polycyclic hydrocarbon and its
      derivatives.

PMID- 374413
TI  - Purification and characterization of protease III from Escherichia coli.
AB  - An endoproteolytic enzyme of Escherichia coli, designated protease III, has been
      purified about 9,600-fold to homogeneity with a 6% yield. The purified enzyme
      consists of a single polypeptide chain of Mr 110,000 and is most active at pH
      7.4. Protease III is very sensitive to metal-chelating agents and reducing
      agents. The EDTA-inactivated enzyme can be reactivated by Zn2+, Co2+ or Mn2+.
      Protease III is devoid of activity toward aminopeptidase, carboxypeptidase, or
      esterase substrates but rapidly degrades small proteins. When fragments of beta
      galactosidase are used as substrates for protease III, the enzyme preferentially
      degrades proteins with molecular weights of less than 7,000. Protease III cleaves
      the oxidized insulin B chain at two sites with an initial rapid cleavage at Tyr
      Leu (16-17) and a second slower cut at Phe-Tyr (25-26).

PMID- 374414
TI  - 31P NMR of alkaline phosphatase. Dependence of phosphate binding stoichiometry on
      metal ion content.

PMID- 374415
TI  - Photochemical cross-linking of protein . nucleic acid complexes. The attachment
      of the fd gene 5 protein to fd DNA.

PMID- 374417
TI  - Intra-osseous lipoma of the proximal part of the femur. Case report.

PMID- 374416
TI  - Annular constricting bands.
AB  - We reviewed forty-five patients with congenital constriction bands with an
      average follow-up of 15.8 years. The family history and associated anomalies were
      recorded and particular attention was paid to temperature gradients and
      neurocirculatory deficits with respect to band location. No family history of
      band constrictions was elicited. Most of our patients were products of first
      pregnancies and of young mothers. Deformity of the nails was a constant finding
      in patients with distally located bands. All patients demonstrated at least one
      other anomaly, most commonly a malformation of the hand. Neural deficits were
      noted in 23 per cent of the patients, while circulatory findings appeared in 16
      per cent. A significant temperature gradient averaging 2.38 degrees Celsius was
      noted in twenty patients in whom the bands were located proximally. All patients
      with neural deficits demonstrated a significant temperature gradient. Staged z
      plasty was the procedure of choice in surgical release of constriction bands.

PMID- 374418
TI  - Ewing's sarcoma presenting with a coexistent bacterial organism. A case report.

PMID- 374419
TI  - Acetabular cyst in a child. A case report.

PMID- 374420
TI  - Henry L. Jaffe, M. D., 1896-1979.

PMID- 374421
TI  - The presence and significance of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in breast
      cancer. I. Serological studies.
AB  - Serum levels of antibodies against the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen were
      determined for a group of patients with malignancies of the breast, as well as a
      control group of healthy persons and patients with no breast disease. Despite
      recent claims of anti-TF levels being severely depressed in patients with breast
      cancer, we were unable to show any significant differences between the two
      groups. Standardised anti-TF containing sera or solutions of the TF specific
      agglutinin from peanuts (PNA) were absorbed with membrane preparations from
      normal and cancerous breast tissue, but again no differences in absorption were
      noted. Histological examination, by contrast, showed both free and sialic acid
      covered receptors to be present on both normal and malignant breast epithelium.
      Based on these findings it was concluded that determination of serum anti-TF is
      an unsatisfactory method of diagnosing breast cancer and that the TF antigen
      cannot be considered to be carcinoma associated.

PMID- 374422
TI  - Human islet cell tumor storing pancreatic polypeptide: a light and electron
      microscopic study.
AB  - A 45-year-old man was operated for surgical treatment of a long-standing peptic
      ulcer disease and upon inspection of the pancreas for suspected Zollinger-Ellison
      syndrome, tumor nodules were found in this organ. The tumor tissue examined by
      immunofluorescence showed specific staining only after incubation with anti
      pancreatic polypeptide. Negative results were obtained with antisera directed
      against insulin, pancreatic glucagon, somatostatin, GLI, VIP, secretin, and
      gastrin. Examination of the tissue by electron microscopy revealed a homogeneous
      population of small granule-containing cells. This case, therefore, illustrates a
      tumor composed of one single hormone-producing cell type and allows definition of
      the ultrastructural features of human pancreatic polypeptide-containing cells.

PMID- 374423
TI  - Patterns of serum LH and FSH in response to 4-hour infusions of luteinizing
      hormone releasing hormone in normal women during menstrual cycle, on oral
      contraceptives, and in postmenopausal state.

PMID- 374425
TI  - A rapid method for electron microscopic examination of blood cells.
AB  - A method is described whereby the time required for the processing of white blood
      cells for electron microscopy can be shortened from 36 to 3 1/2 hours. Because
      cells of the peripheral blood are not attached to each other, fixation,
      dehydration, and infiltration of the embedding medium is more rapid. This makes
      it possible for clinicians to use fine structural data for diagnosis as
      illustrated in three cases.

PMID- 374424
TI  - Requirement of extracellular complement and immunoglobulin for intracellular
      killing of micro-organisms by human monocytes.
AB  - The role of serum factors in the intracellular killing of bacteria by monocytes
      was studied on the basis of an assay independent of phagocytosis. After 3 min of
      phagocytosis of preopsonized bacteria and removal of noningested bacteria, the
      monocytes containing bacteria are reincubated for various periods and the number
      of unkilled bacteria is determined by a microbiological method after lysis of the
      cells. Evidence that this assay measures the killing of ingested bacteria was
      provided by scanning electron microscopy, lysostaphin treatment, and the effect
      on the rate of intracellular killing of inactivated serum lacking specific
      opsonic activity. Intracellular killing of Staphylococcus aureaus, S.
      epidermidis, and Escherichia coli by human monocytes does not occur or is low in
      the absence of serum, and maximal killing is only reached when fresh serum is
      present; intermediate values are obtained in the presence of heat-inactivated
      serum. These findings indicate that complement stimulates intracellular killing.
      Isolated heterogeneous immunoglobulin (Ig)G, pFc fragments of heterogeneous IgG,
      and both IgG1 and IgG3 stimulate intracellular killing of S. aureaus by monocytes
      to the same degree as heat-inactivated serum. Sphingomyelinase, which decreases
      the number of Fc receptors, and neuraminidase, which increases these receptors,
      respectively, decreased and increased the intracellular killing, whereas anti
      monocyte serum completely abolished the stimulation of intracellular killing by
      inactivated serum. These results prove that interaction of the Fc receptor with
      the Fc part of IgG is required for the intracellular killing. Inhibition of the
      activation of complement components via the alternative pathway gave a
      considerable reduction in the intracellular killing of S. aureaus; impairment of
      the activation via the classical pathway had no effect. The addition of
      complement components to heat-inactivated serum showed that intracellular killing
      is maximal only when C3b is generated. Reduction of the number of C3b receptors
      in the membrane by trypsin or pronase decreased intracellular killing in the
      presence of fresh serum; anti-monocyte serum completely abolished the stimulation
      of intracellular killing by fresh serum. These results lead to the conclusion
      that intracellular killing is also dependent on the interaction between C3b and
      its receptor in the membrane.

PMID- 374426
TI  - A comparison of thiomersal and 50% alcohol as preservatives in urinary cytology.
AB  - The efficacy of 50% ethyl alcohol and of thiomersal as preservatives in urinary
      cytology were compared. In both methods over 80% of the cells were sufficiently
      well preserved after three days to allow cytomorphological evaluation, and over
      50% on the seventh day. In the specimens without preservative, only 54% and 28%
      were intact after the same time intervals. In contrast with 50% ethyl alchohol,
      thiomersal is a more effective bactericide, it does not increase the volume of
      the sample, it is cheaper, and it does not affect the cytomorphology.

PMID- 374427
TI  - Postmarketing surveillance of new drugs: II. Case studies.

PMID- 374428
TI  - Evaluation of acetaminophen, propoxyphene, and their combination in office
      practice.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with chronic painful disease treated in office practice
      willingly participated in a double-blind, crossover analgesic study. They were
      informed about (1) the medications--placebo, 650 mg acetaminophen, 100 mg
      propoxyphene napsylate, and the combination of the two active drugs; (2) the
      regimen--four to six single-tablet doses per day for two days, crossover; (3) the
      reporting system--estimates of pain intensity and scores for other symptoms to be
      reported daily by telephone; and (4) return of the unused medication on the next
      office visit. In comparison to placebo, propoxyphene provided statistically
      significant analgesia, but acetaminophen did not. Significant adverse effects
      were not present with any test drug when compared to test placebo.

PMID- 374429
TI  - Treatment of severe hypertension with minoxidil: advantages and limitations.
AB  - Minoxidil, a new peripheral vasodilator, was used in the therapy of 26
      hypertensives who were previously uncontrolled on conventional medications or who
      had dose-limiting side effects. Minoxidil provided (1) therapeutic advantages in
      all patients, regardless of the etiology of their hypertension, (2) no symptoms
      of orthostatic hypotension or sympathetic nervous system depression, (3) a
      simplification of medical regimens and perhaps costs, and (4) regression of
      impotence in four out of seven patients. The major limiting factors encountered
      were (1) fluid retention with the development of congestive heart failure in
      three patients, (2) pericardial effusion in three patients, and (3)
      hypertrichosis, which reduced its acceptability in female patients.

PMID- 374430
TI  - Medieval arabic views on speech disorders: al-Razi (c. 865--925).
AB  - This paper discusses al-Razi's views on speech defects of lingual origin. It
      begins with a background sketch of the man, his times, and his major work, with
      its various translations. There follows translated extracts and analysis from his
      section on the causes and treatment of speech defects, seen in the light of the
      humoral theory of disease. Information is derived from the recently published
      Arabic version of Rzi's al-Hawi, which reveals that diagnosis was more advanced
      than is indicated in the Latin translations, which have been the principal source
      of reference in the West to date.

PMID- 374431
TI  - Preprocessing in computed tomography picture analysis: a "bone-deleting"
      algorithm.
AB  - A procedure for automatic deletion of extracranial parts and bone in computed
      tomography (CT) pictures is presented. Such a procedure is a prerequisite for
      many types of quantitative image analysis. The algorithm can delineate complex
      bone contours and is completely independent of information outside the skull.
      Special options allow, in addition, the deletion of calcified parts of the brain
      and of some artifacts. The program is implemented in a general program system
      (PICPRO) developed for CT image analysis and picture manipulation.

PMID- 374432
TI  - James W. Burks III.

PMID- 374433
TI  - Factors affecting tissue aluminum concentration.
AB  - Elevated concentration of aluminum has been reported in serum, whole blood and
      tissue samples of patients with renal insufficiency. Evidence incriminating
      aluminum as a neurotoxin among the dialysis population is strong. The source of
      this aluminum has not been clearly defined, although both gastrointestinal and
      parenteral routes may be involved. Data from this laboratory suggest that an
      effect of parathyroid hormone on tissue aluminum burdens may, in part, explain
      why only certain patients exposed to high dialysate aluminum develop the dialysis
      encephalopathy syndrome and the occasional occurrence of this syndrome in the
      absence of dialysis or increased dialysate aluminum.

PMID- 374434
TI  - Swine influenza vaccination in a dialysis and transplant population.

PMID- 374435
TI  - Effect of two antibacterial mouth sprays and dentifrices on dental plaque and
      gingivitis in beagle dogs.
AB  - Plaque inhibition by dilute mouth sprays and dentrifrices containing benzethonium
      chloride and chlorhexidine gluconate was compared in beagle dogs. Agents with
      chlorhexidine gluconate produced less plaque than their benzethonium chloride or
      placebo counterparts, but the differences were not significant when compared to
      mean control scores registered during interexperimental recovery periods.

PMID- 374436
TI  - Effect of autogenous marrow and calcitonin on reactions to a ceramic.
AB  - The effect of autogenous marrow and calcitonin on reactions to a tricalcium
      phosphate ceramic was studied by subcutaneous implantation in rats. No bone
      formation was evident in association with uncoated and calcitonin-coated ceramic.
      At four weeks and thereafter bone formation was evident in association with all
      marrow-coated implants.

PMID- 374437
TI  - Fifty years of cooperative research between the American Dental Association and
      the National Bureau of Standards: a historical perspective 1928--1978.

PMID- 374439
TI  - Dental resins with reduced shrinkage during hardening. Comments on the
      presentation of Thompson, et al.

PMID- 374438
TI  - Dental resins with reduced shrinkage during hardening.
AB  - Unsaturated spiro-orthocarbonates are monomers that expand on polymerization and
      will co-polymerize with conventional BIS-GMA based resins. This combination has
      good physical properties and bonding to enamel with some polymerization expansion
      evident at 50 C. Dispersion of the carbonate in microcrystalline form in liquid
      monomer appears to be a method to allow its reaction in the initial
      polymerization.

PMID- 374440
TI  - Clinical placement and performance of composite resin restorations.
AB  - The most frequent complaints registered against composite restorations are
      stained margins and a rough surface. The stained margins have many causes such as
      (1) fracturing or crazing of enamel during preparation of the cavity, (2) using a
      composite having an excessive curing shrinkage, (3) manipulating too slowly,
      which permits a loss of plasticity during placement, (4) maintaining inadequate
      pressure during setting or curing of the composite, and (5) using finishing
      instruments which cause defects in the margin area of the tooth and/or composite.
      All of these the operator can control, and if not, the defect will be built into
      the restoration. The roughness of composites can be reduced by polishing with the
      finest grit available in disks and by coating with a glaze. Today's composite
      restorations placed with care will provide long lasting esthetic restorations
      providing they are not placed in areas subjected to load bearing abrasion.

PMID- 374441
TI  - The supply of dental manpower in the United States.
AB  - This description of the supply of dental services in the United States addresses
      the number, kind, distribution, and training of dentists and dental auxiliaries,
      and the organizational factors that affect the production of dental services.
      Beginning with a brief historical review, the paper gives a general overview of
      the different types of dental personnel including the dentist, dental hygienist,
      dental assistant, and laboratory technician. The discussion of these categories
      of providers includes consideration of manpower planning as it has evolved over
      the past two decades, National manpower legislation is mentioned first as a
      reaction to the projected dentist shortage and then in response to the issues of
      geographic maldistribution and the effects of specialization. The second section
      of the paper discusses the dynamics of the dental care market. The distribution
      of the supply of services is identified and related to patterns of utilization
      and productivity. These factors are considered to be part of the set of dynamic
      relationships that help explain the current manpower problems of geographic and
      specialty maldistribution. A concluding section superficially discusses policy
      implications regarding the potential for increasing supply by: (1) increasing the
      number of dentists, (2) increasing the numbers and functions of auxiliaries, (3)
      increasing practice efficiency through group practice, and (4) reducing the
      restrictions that result from current state dental practice acts.

PMID- 374442
TI  - Immediate repair of wounds following operations by Mohs' fresh-tissue technique.
AB  - With the introduction of the Mohs fresh-tissue technique, immediate repair of
      surgical wounds has become feasible in selected cases. In this article several
      case reports are presented to illustrate the use of primary closures, skin
      grafts, and flaps in an office facility.

PMID- 374443
TI  - Acute gastro-intestinal bleeding in the critically ill patient.
AB  - Endoscopic studies have shown that all critically ill patients are liable to a
      degree of stress ulceration. Diffuse erosions appear first in the fundus and then
      spread to the corpus and antrum within 48 h. Duodenal disease is particularly
      common in burns patients. Discrete ulceration occurs in most severely injured
      patients. Mucosal damage is probably initiated by ischaemia but only develops in
      the presence of acid. Although related to the severity of underlying illness,
      haemorrhage is unpredictable. Mortality is high and largely unaffected by
      treatment. Emphasis should therefore be made on prophylaxis. Improved intensive
      reducing intra-luminal acid by antacid or H2 receptor antagonists appears to be
      the most effective measure, but controlled studies are required.

PMID- 374444
TI  - Postoperative spontaneous breathing with CPAP to normalize late postoperative
      oxygenation.

PMID- 374445
TI  - Physiology of occlusion. A scientific rationale.

PMID- 374448
TI  - The presidents. John High McQuillen 1864-1865.

PMID- 374446
TI  - Double-blind and triple-blind assessments of medication and placebo responses in
      hyperactive children.
AB  - Hyperactive boys taking psychostimulant medication were studied using a
      randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Behavior ratings and medication
      guesstimates were obtained for the boys when they were given methylphenidate
      (Ritalin) and when they were given a placebo. The ratings showed positive
      medication-related changes, and the guesses, done by independent judges, were
      significantly better than chance. The pattern of ratings for double-blind and
      triple-blind raters was identical. These results imply that positive
      psychostimulant effects are not attributable to rater sensitization or
      expectancy. The medication-placebo differences were highly reliable for the group
      comparisons and were in the predicted direction for 21 of 22 individuals, but the
      magnitude of the change for many individuals was not dramatic. Implications for
      child psychopharmacology research and differences between clinical and
      experimental significance are discussed.

PMID- 374447
TI  - Viva la resistance.

PMID- 374449
TI  - A comparative study of two pit and fissure sealants: two-year results in Augusta,
      Ga.
AB  - Two pit and fissure sealants, an autopolymerized unfilled resin, and an
      ultraviolet-light-curing unfilled resin, applied to the permanent first molars of
      children are compared in terms of retention and efficacy.

PMID- 374450
TI  - United States Air Force survey of dental needs, 1977: methodology and summary of
      findings.
AB  - This study represents the first, comprehensive baseline survey of dental needs
      conducted in the US Air Force. The air force population was stratified by
      command, base, and grade, and 5,805 active duty air force members, aged 17 to 57
      years (mean, 27.83), were examined at random to determine their overall oral
      health status. Data were collected from 42 air force bases, representing 11
      worldwide commands, which comprised 90% of all active duty members. This article
      presents the methodology for the study, a summary of the findings, and a
      comparison of dental needs among recruits and all other grades of active duty air
      force personnel. Results indicate a significant level of unmet dental needs in
      the US Air Force. For example, the average active duty individual presently
      serving in the air force would require eight hours and 48 minutes of chairside
      care to provide comprehensive treatment. Each entry level recruit would need an
      average of ten hours and 23 minutes of dental treatment.

PMID- 374451
TI  - Health science on stamps.

PMID- 374452
TI  - Dr. DiBiaggio named president of U of Connecticut.

PMID- 374453
TI  - Is atherosclerosis reversible?
AB  - In this review, the author recapitulates the mechanisms involved in the
      development of atherosclerotic plaques. The relationship of high plasma
      cholesterol and the per cent of caloric intake from saturated fat is noted. Can
      intervention on risk factors prevent or reverse atherosclerosis? In animal
      studies, regression of atherosclerotic lesions has been achieved when dietary
      factors were manipulated. Recent studies in man have also pointed to the
      effectiveness of reducing cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in atherosclerotic
      plaques.

PMID- 374454
TI  - Comparative tolerance of elderly from differing ethnic backgrounds to lactose
      containing and lactose-free dairy drinks: a double-blind study.
AB  - Milk intolerance was investigated in 87 healthy elderly individuals with a mean
      age of 77 years who were given 240 ml of a chocolate dairy drink twice in one
      week with a light lunch. No significant differences in symptomatic responses
      distinguished the subjects consuming a lactose-free (LF) drink from those
      consuming a drink containing 4.5% lactose (LC) under double-blind study
      conditions. Breath hydrogen analysis during lactose tolerance testing identified
      23 malabsorbers, none of whom responded exclusively to the LC drink, although
      five were symptomatic on both days, and two had symptoms only on the day the LF
      drink was served. A similar percentage of absorbers (72%) and malabsorbers (70%)
      were asymptomatic on both days. Factors other than lactose malabsorption appeared
      to be responsible for the symptoms of intolerance reported, and most may have
      been psychosomatic in origin.

PMID- 374455
TI  - Founder's Lecture--American Society for Surgery of the Hand.

PMID- 374568
TI  - An automated microscope for quantitative cytology combining television image
      analysis and stage scanning microphotometry.
AB  - This paper describes an automated microscope developed for operation in
      conjunction with the Leyden Television Analysis System. It features automated
      control of magnification, illumination, movement of scanning stages, and fine
      focus. These functions are controlled by means of a microcomputer. This enables a
      flexible design and relieves the supervising computer of simple but time
      consuming tasks. The combination of an automated microscope and Leyden Television
      Analysis System provides a powerful tool in quantitative cytological research.
      The flexible design permits other microscopic functions to be added with
      relatively little effort.

PMID- 374569
TI  - A double scanning microphotometer for image analysis: hardware, software and
      biomedical applications.
AB  - A new image processing system designed for densitometry and pattern analysis of
      microscopic specimens is described with special regard to the hardware, the
      software and the biologic applications. The data acquisition procedure involves
      the combination between the scanning of the preparation by means of a motorized
      stage and the scanning of successive fields by a mechanical device. The signal
      provided by the photomultiplier is converted into digital values which are
      directed to an on-line computer. The data processing is based on a one-pass
      computation involving automata theory and therefore it avoids the storage of the
      image in the computer memory. In so doing, an entire and continuous image of the
      whole preparation can be processed at the highest magnification of the microscope
      whatever the size of the analyzed specimen may be. A biologic application of the
      system is reported and concerns the automatic identification and counting of
      cells in the various phases of the mitotic cycle.

PMID- 374570
TI  - Ultrafast laser scanner microscope.
AB  - Advances in monolayer deposition of cervical cells have removed one of the last
      serious obstacles to the design of high-resolution automated diagnostic
      assessment systems. In this article, we describe the design considerations for a
      system that is capable of acquiring, within 60 sec, a 0.5 micron digitized image
      of a 4 cm2 area on a standard glass slide. The most feasible approach is found to
      be a system using a rotating polygon to sweep the focused spot from a laser
      across a 2-mm scan line while the slide is uniformly translated perpendicular to
      the scan direction the use of laser sources (a helium-neon laser at 632 nm and a
      krypton ion laser at 568 and/or 476 nm) as compared to the incoherent light
      sources used in conventional microscope systems alleviates many of the optical
      design problems and provides the proper wavelengths needed for recognition of
      Papanicolaou stained cells. We also find that focus control of the scanning spot
      should be achievable using a technique involving a holographic grating. Other
      relevant considerations such as sample heating problems, multiphoton absorption
      by the sample, detector signal-to-noise ratios, laser amplitude noise control,
      and the digitization and buffering of the data stream are also discussed.

PMID- 374571
TI  - A practical application of computer pattern recognition research: the Abbott ADC
      500 differential classifier.
AB  - The ADC-500 is a new blood cell differential classifier manufactured by Abbott
      Laboratories. It performs 500-cell leukocyte differentials on both normal and
      abnormal cells, evaluates red cell morphology and estimates platelet sufficiency
      at a rate of 40 to 50 samples per hour in stand-alone operation. The ADC-500
      system consists of a spinner which prepares a uniform blood monolayer on a slide,
      a stainer which reproducibly stains the slide with Wright's stain, an encoder
      which attaches an instrument and human readable identification to the slide and
      an analyzer which accepts a stack of up to 50 slides, evaluates these slides and
      prints the results and the slide identification on report forms. The system's
      analysis rate, which represents a 5- to 10-fold increase over other commercially
      available differential counters, requires a number of specialized techniques for
      its realization. One key to this performance is the development of a high speed X
      Y slide positioning stage which can move to a new cell and settle in 50 msec.
      Another is the high degree of parallelism used in the system structure and the
      pipelining of the data processing. A third is the development of uniform and
      repeatable sample preparation modules. Within the analyzer module, the autofocus,
      white cell acquisition and high resolution cell analysis systems are independent
      and operate in parallel. At the same time within the high resolution cell
      analysis system, one cell is acquired; the digitized image of a second processed;
      and a third is classified using pattern recognition techniques. All of these
      tasks, except focus, are under the control of a minicomputer system. Tests of the
      system reveal good accuracy and an improvement in precision due to the increase
      in the number of counted cells.

PMID- 374572
TI  - Rapid analysis of hematology image data: the ADC-500 preprocessor.
AB  - A sequential, pipeline processor (that we have named the ADC-500 preprocessor)
      has been developed which scene segments the three color image data from the ADC
      500 optics one image element at a time, groups together image elements from each
      object in the scene and extracts features from each object. The processing occurs
      at television frame rates, requiring 16.7 msec to process the entire image. This
      speed was instrumental in allowing the ADC-500 automated differential analyzer to
      perform routine 500-cell differentials. The preprocessor also contains hardware
      which simplifies compilation of the three color histograms. The segmentation
      algorithms implemented in the preprocessor are multicolor extensions of the
      classical monochrome density histogram threshold method. For most cell image
      analysis tasks, a sequential pipeline processor of this type should be more
      economical and as fast or faster than a parallel processor.

PMID- 374573
TI  - A thresholding method for automatic cell image segmentation.
AB  - An algorithm for automatic segmentation of PAP-stained cell images and its
      digital implementation is described. First, the image is filtered in order to
      eliminate the granularily and small objects in the image which may upset the
      segmentation procedure. In a second step, information on gradient and compactness
      is extracted from the filtered image and stored in three histograms as functions
      of the extinction. From these histograms, two extinction thresholds are computed.
      These thresholds are suitable to separate the nucleus from the cytoplasm, and the
      cytoplasm from the background in the filtered image. Masks are determined in this
      way, and finally used to analyse the nucleus and the cytoplasm in the original
      image.

PMID- 374574
TI  - Correlation between nuclear morphology and rate of deoxyribonucleic acid
      synthesis in a normal cell line.
AB  - Chinese hamster fibroblasts were investigated for the existence of correlations
      between proliferative activity and nuclear morphology. As a proliferative
      parameter, the rate of DNA synthesis of individual cells was determined by
      quantitative 14C-autoradiography. In a second step the images of the Feulgen
      stained nuclei were digitized for extraction of features of morphology and
      texture. These features were correlated with the corresponding DNA synthesis rate
      values. The following relationships were found: Round nuclei have higher rates of
      DNA synthesis than flat ones. The more chromatin is packed at the nuclear rim,
      possibly representing heterochromatin, the lower the rate of DNA synthesis. The
      DNA synthesis rate also correlates with the graininess of chromatin. Larger areas
      of condensed chromatin are associated with lower rate values. A fine and
      irregular network of chromatin, as is typical of immature cell types, is
      associated with a high rate of DNA synthesis. Although these results are
      presently confined to the cell line investigated, parallels seem to exist to
      other cell types, such as erythropoietic cells, which await further
      investigation.

PMID- 374575
TI  - Texture analysis of cervical cell nuclei by segmentation of chromatin patterns.
AB  - Texture parameters of the nuclear chromatin pattern can contribute to the
      automated classification of specimens on the basis of single cell analysis in
      cervical cytology. Current texture parameters are abstract and therefore hamper
      understanding. In this paper texture parameters are described that can be derived
      from the chromatin pattern after segmentation of the nuclear image. These texture
      parameters are more directly related to the visual properties of the chromatin
      pattern. The image segmentation procedure is based on a region grow algorithm
      which specifically isolates high chromatin density. The texture analysis method
      has been tested on a data set of images of 112 cervical nuclei on photographic
      negatives digitized with a step size of 0.125 micron. The preliminary results of
      a classification trial indicate that these visually interpretable parameters have
      promising discriminatory power for the distinction between negative and positive
      specimens.

PMID- 374576
TI  - Computer aided analysis of chromatin network and basophil color for
      differentiation of mononuclear peripheral blood cells.
AB  - Computer aided differentiation of plasmoblasts, Pfeiffer cells, immunoblasts,
      lymphocytes and centrocytes is achieved with the parameters of chromatin network
      arrangement and structure, and multispectral cytoplasm color. The digital methods
      involve: (a) segmenting the nuclear image into topographic sections and analyzing
      the optical density distribution from the chromatin in these sections; (b)
      determining the nuclear structure with a 7 x 7 median filter, gradient filter and
      contour following algorithms; and (c) clustering two-dimensional chromatic data
      from panoptically stained cellular components. The parameters reported here are a
      subset of those needed for the automated diagnosis of many hematologic diseases
      especially the leukemias.

PMID- 374577
TI  - Effectiveness of feature groups for automated pairwise leukocyte class
      discrimination.
AB  - Automated blood cell differentials using statistical classification techniques
      have been implemented in several commercial machines. The machine-derived
      features used to classify leukocytes resemble the descriptors used by humans
      performing visual classification, e.g. size, content, shape, color, and texture.
      However, because of our crude modeling of vision there is no universally accepted
      measure of characteristics such as shape, color, or texture. One expects,
      therefore, that features which are powerful discriminators for humans may perform
      poorly when quantified by machine, while other parameters may be more precisely
      measured automatically and so prove more useful in cell classification. This
      paper reports the results of a feature evaluation study for automated
      discrimination between all pairs of a large set of leukocyte classes consisting
      of both normal and abnormal types. To provide a framework for comparing automated
      feature ordering with the ranking attached by medical technologists, the machine
      derived features were divided into six groups: size and content, mean and mode,
      cytoplasm/nucleus comparison, contrast and texture, color, and nuclear shape. A
      sequential procedure was used to select the best five-feature set from each group
      and the globally best five-feature set for each pairwise classification. The
      results illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of machine-derived descriptors
      for each type of decision.

PMID- 374578
TI  - Automated quantitative analysis of single and double label autoradiographs.
AB  - A method for the analysis of silver grain content in both single and double label
      autoradiographs is presented. The total grain area is calculated by counting the
      number of pixels at which the recorded light intensity in transmission dark field
      illumination exceeds a selected threshold. The calibration tests included
      autoradiographs with low (3H-thymidin) and high (3H-desoxyuridin) silver grain
      density. The results are proportional to the customary visual grain count. For
      the range of visibly countable grain densities in single labeled specimens, the
      correlation coefficient between the computed values and the visual grain counts
      is better than 0.96. In the first emulsion of the two emulsion layer
      autoradiographs of double labeled specimens (3H-14C-thymidin) the correlation
      coefficient is 0.919 and 0.906. The method provides a statistical correction for
      the background grains not due to the isotope. The possibility to record 14C
      tracks by shifting the focus through the second emulsion of the double labeled
      specimens is also demonstrated. The reported technique is essentially independent
      of size, shape and density of the grains.

PMID- 374579
TI  - The automated multiparameter analyzer for cells (AMAC) IIA, a true bridge circuit
      Coulter-type electronic cell volume transducer.
AB  - A true bridge Coulter effect (electronic cell volume) transducer has been
      developed. All resistances of this bridge are now the result of current flow
      through saline channels. Contamination by electrode products including gas
      bubbles has been completely eliminated since both power electrodes are now remote
      from the flow chamber. Since the orifice is in series with an approximately 10 K
      ohm resistance generated by a gel-filled capillary and a displacement rheostat,
      it floats electrically, at virtual ground. The other side of the bridge consists
      of a fluid side-wire. Removing the power electrode from the orifice outlet makes
      possible downward flow and the use of a single outer sheath, and eliminates noise
      generated by gas bubbles which could possibly be trapped. It should now be
      possible to combine this design with that of the AMAC III square orifice, to
      produce an electro-optical sorter where all parameters are measured
      simultaneously. This true bridge circuit possesses the further advantage that
      noise due both to the power supply and to overvoltage at the power electrodes is
      common-mode rejected, and any drift due to changes in electrode polarization is
      eliminated. Preliminary experiments confirm results with the AMAC II that
      hemoglobinopathies can be recognized by the increased coefficient of variation
      (CV) of the erythrocyte spectra.

PMID- 374580
TI  - Flow-system measurement of cell impedance properties.
AB  - A flow-system technique has been developed that detects the high-frequency
      resistance and capacitance changes in a sensing orifice due to the passage of
      cells through the orifice. The resistance and capacitance changes are related to
      cell properties such as size, plasma membrane capacitance, and electrical
      resistivity of the cell interior. The relationship between measured impedances
      and cellular properties is discussed, and the prototype instrument for making
      such measurements is described. The instrument can simultaneously detect the dc
      Coulter volume and two ac parameters related to the complex ac impedance change.
      Some initial tests of the instrument using plastic microspheres and Chinese
      hamster ovary cells are described.

PMID- 374581
TI  - A comparison of mercury arc lamp and laser illumination for flow cytometers.
AB  - Optical differences between a mercury arc lamp and a laser-illuminated flow
      cytometer are compared. The distributions of spectral intensities of the two
      light sources are shown in relation to the excitation characteristics of the
      fluorescent dyes acriflavine, chromomycin A3, mithramycin, ethidium bromide,
      Hoechst 33258, and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Fluorescence intensities
      of microspheres and Hoechst 33258-stained mouse sperm are compared in the two
      cytometers. The optical efficiencies are similar and depend on the match of the
      excitation characteristics of the stain with the emission spectra of the light
      source.

PMID- 374582
TI  - Fluorescence intensity resolution in flow systems.
AB  - The factor which can limit fluorescence intensity resolution in a flow cytometer
      of the type in which cells pass perpendicularly through a focussed laser beam
      depends on signal intensity. For the brightest sources (e.g. fluorescent DNA
      stains), the coefficient of variation (CV) is limited in our system to around 3%
      by stream hydrodynamics, unstable illumination intensity, nonstoichiometric
      staining, etc. The weakest detectable sources (e.g. fluorescent cell-surface
      labels) are limited in coefficient of variation by shot noise in the
      photomultiplier due to constant background light levels. Finally, over a fairly
      wide brightness range between these extremes, resolution is determined primarily
      by photoelectron statistical variation on the signal itself (i.e. "photon
      statistics"). Thus photon collection and detection efficiency (solid angle,
      barrier filter passband, detector quantum efficiency) become of primary
      importance.

PMID- 374583
TI  - Light scattering with stream-in-air flow systems.
AB  - Both forward angle and 90 degrees light-scattering measurements have been used
      for cell sizing with stream-in-air flow systems with very little theoretical base
      for the measurements. Mie theory calculations are compared with measurements on
      plastic microspheres. Detector response for homogeneous spheres is shown to be
      sensitive to refractive index.

PMID- 374584
TI  - A statistical approach to the classification of biological cells from their
      diffraction patterns.
AB  - An effective method of graphically representing complex biological data is
      presented, and a statistical classification technique is outlined including an
      example involving exfoliated cervical cells.

PMID- 374585
TI  - Dual-laser flow cytometry of single mammalian cells.
AB  - An improved dual-laser flow cytometric system for quantitative analysis and
      sorting of mammalian cells has been developed using a low-power argon and high
      power krypton laser as illumination sources, thus permitting the excitation of
      fluorescent dyes having absorption regions ranging from the ultraviolet to
      infrared. Cells stained in liquid suspension with fluorescent dyes enter a flow
      chamber where they intersect two spatially separated laser beams. Separate pairs
      of quartz beam-shaping optics focus each beam onto the cell stream. Electro
      optical sensors measure fluorescence and light scatter signals from cells that
      are processed electronically and displayed as frequency distribution histograms.
      Cells also can be electronically separated and microscopically identified. The
      ease and versatility of operation designed into this system represent a marked
      technological improvement for dual-laser excited flow systems. Details of this
      instrument are described along with illustrative examples of cells stained with
      mithramycin and rhodamine and analyzed for DNA content, total protein, and
      nuclear and cytoplasmic diameter.

PMID- 374586
TI  - A real-time delay monitor for flow-system cell sorters.
AB  - For optimum performance in cell sorting, it is critical to assure proper timing
      in the charging of droplets to be deflected. A method for determining the
      transiet delay time in cell sorters has been devised and applied to daily
      operation in the Los Alamos sorter systems. This delay monitor relies on
      detection of either scattered or absorbed light from cells in the fluid stream
      near the point of droplet breakoff.

PMID- 374587
TI  - Investigations in high-precision sorting.
AB  - We have investigated the accuracy with which droplets containing cells can be
      sorted individually onto known and thus relocatable positions. The presence and
      random arrival of cells and particles in the sorter jet disturbs the orderly
      production and deflection of droplets, causing a dispersion of sorted droplet
      trajectories. The magnitude of this dispersion is a function of the phase
      relationship between the arrival of a cell at the end of the jet and the droplet
      formation. Using a modified Becton Dickinson Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter,
      we selected for sorting only those droplets that formed with a cell near the
      center of the droplet. We used this technique to sort Lewis lung tumor cells. The
      dispersion of droplet positions was reduced from over 3% to about 1% of an
      average deflection of typically 15 mm for a nozzle with a 50-micron diameter
      orifice. Sorting onto a surface such as magnetic tape or a microscope slide
      introduces another uncertainty in position because the cell may be located
      anywhere within the wetted radius of the droplet on the slide. Sorting onto less
      wettable surfaces reduces the wetted radius and thus the variation in cell
      position.

PMID- 374588
TI  - Individual cell sorting.
AB  - Current cell sorting machines do not preserve the individual identity of
      processed cells; after analysis, the cells are assigned to a subpopulation where
      they are pooled with other similar cells. This paper reports progress on a system
      that sorts cells individually to precise locations on a microscope slide and
      preserves them for further observation with a light microscope while recording
      flow measurement data for each cell. Various electronic and mechanical
      modifications to an existing sorting machine are described that increase drop
      placement accuracy and permit individual cell sorting.

PMID- 374589
TI  - Nonparametric flow cytometry analysis.
AB  - A nonparametric statistical test for the analysis of flow cytometry derived
      histograms is presented. The method involves smoothing and translocation of data,
      area normalization, channel by channel determination of the mean and S.D., and
      use of Bayes' theorem for unknown histogram classification. With this statistical
      method, different sets of histograms from numerous biological systems can be
      compared.

PMID- 374590
TI  - Selection of optimal model for the DNA histogram by analysis of error of
      estimated parameters.
AB  - The ability of four different mathematical models of the DNA histogram to give
      accurate estimates for the fractions of cells in G1, S, and G2 + M has been
      investigated. The models studied differ in the form and number of parameters of
      the function used to represent cells in S-phase. Results obtained from simulated
      DNA histograms suggest that the standard deviations of the model parameters
      increase exponentially with the width of the G1 and G2 + M peaks of the
      histogram. Error analysis is presented as a method to select a model of optimal
      complexity in relation to the resolution provided by the data in a given set of
      DNA histograms. Introduction of additional parameters improves the agreement
      between model and data but may result in a less well-posed model. A model with an
      optimal number of parameters can therefore be found that will yield parameter
      estimates with the smallest possible standard deviations.

PMID- 374591
TI  - The development of a new technology for controlled cell fixation. A
      methodological pilot study.
AB  - Fixation in a traditional sense means the immersion of biological material into a
      chemical fluid. For permanent preservation (1) the fixative is always supplied in
      excess of the cell sample, and (2) the process of fixation is influenced by
      chemical impurities of the fixative fluid. Both factors influence the subsequent
      staining of cells. In order to avoid these uncontrolled influences, a new
      technology for controlled cell fixation has to be developed, whereby freshly
      prepared formaldehyde gas in an "inert" gas-flow of helium was applied to thin
      membranes by use of a capillary flow-in technique. The amount of fixative gas
      supplied, adsorbed, absorbed, diffused, and desorbed after saturation of the
      membranes could be reliably measured with an on-line operating "inert" mass
      spectrometer of the Omegatron type.

PMID- 374592
TI  - A template method for decomposing flow cytometry histograms of human chromosomes.
AB  - A new method for decomposing flow cytometry histograms of isolated human
      metaphase chromosomes is described and tested. The method is based on fitting a
      template, composed of the means of all chromosomes of a normal karyotype to the
      flow histogram. The utility of the method is demonstrated by application to flow
      measurements of chromosomes from a normal person and comparing the results with
      those obtained by conventional cytophotometry. The power of the method for
      detecting gross chromosomal abnormalities, such as trisomy 21, as well as more
      subtle variations such as a single translocation, is determined for simulated
      data.

PMID- 374593
TI  - Signal analysis of slit-scan contour data.
AB  - As a method for the preselection of alarms in gynecological cell samples, the
      Battelle Cytophotometry Research Group uses the slit-scan technique to obtain
      various cell parameters, such as the N/C ratio and the relative DNA content, from
      fluorescently stained cells, which are aligned one-dimensionally in the tape
      system designed at Battelle. The system developed at Battelle Institute analyzes
      all signals that exceed the background noise. As the first step in processing the
      slit-scan data, several threshold levels permit the separation of various
      artifacts. In subsequent steps, the nuclear peak is recognized, the nuclear
      boundaries are calculated, and seven cell parameters are determined. For the
      alarm detection at present only one parameter, DNA fluorescence, is used for
      these determinations. Visual assignment of these data to definite objects on the
      tape makes it possible to obtain frequency distributions of: (a) all recorded
      objects within the sample on the tape; (b) all signals that are classified as
      cells; and (c) all types of objects that preferentially cause alarms.

PMID- 374594
TI  - Laser flow cytometric light scatter and fluorescence pulse width and pulse rise
      time sizing of mammalian cells.
AB  - In laser flow cytometry, an increasingly popular technique of analytical
      cytology, quantitative measurements of interest include cell and nuclear
      diameters. Electronic circuitry for a new cell sizing technique has been
      developed which measured the time that signal pulses from either fluorescence or
      light scatter sensors exceed a preset constant fraction of the peak signal
      amplitude (pulse width) or the time that it takes a signal to rise between
      constant fractions of the peak signal amplitude on the rising side of the pulse
      (pulse rise-time). These pulse width or pulse rise-time measurements were related
      to cell or nuclear diameters and were used in combination to determine nuclear
      size to cell size ratios. This method of sizing was found to be independent of
      fluorescent or light-absorbing stain intensity, linearly related to cell or
      nuclear diameter, and capable of resolving small diameter differences.

PMID- 374595
TI  - A multidimensional slit-scan flow system.
AB  - A new slit-scan type flow system is described which provides three (X, Y, and Z)
      orthogonal one-dimensional projections of cell fluorescence. A photomultiplier
      tube and two semiconductor array detectors are used to obtain the three slit-scan
      contours from cells traversing a single fluorescence excitation beam. A high
      speed, dedicated preprocessor analyzes the three contours in parallel, extracting
      certain features useful for rejecting cells from which an accurate measurement of
      nuclear fluorescence cannot be obtain. Contour data is buffered and transferred
      to a PDP-11/40 computer where nuclear fluorescence is measured and cells are
      classified. It is anticipated that this new instrument will provide a significant
      reduction in false alarm rate when applied to prescreening of gynecologic
      cytology specimens.

PMID- 374596
TI  - Predicted performance of single- versus multiple-slit flow systems.
AB  - Flow systems utilizing multiple orthogonal excitation slits have been proposed as
      a means of reducing some types of false alarms in prescreening systems for
      gynecologic cytology. Such false alarms include those caused by orientation
      dependent events, such as passage of binucleate or overlapping cells through the
      measurement region with both nuclei entering the excitation slit simultaneously.
      This paper presents distributions of optimal projection angles for randomly
      oriented nuclei passing through one, two, and three slit excitation regions. The
      results are used to compute observed nuclear spacing of binucleate cells and to
      compare performance of one, two, and three slit systems in recognition of
      binucleate and overlapping cells.

PMID- 374597
TI  - Imaging in flow.
AB  - Imaging in flow has been valuable in investigating discrepancies in flow cell
      measurements due to cell orientation and flow dynamics. This paper discusses
      optical consideration in flow imaging, slit and full field imaging systems and
      various cell motion arresting techniques from the standpoint of image plane
      exposure and suitable detector choices. It concludes with an explanation of the
      slit-imaging techniques employed in a multidimensional slit-scan flow system and
      slit-scan correlation system.

PMID- 374598
TI  - Fast imaging in flow: a means of combining flow-cytometry and image analysis.
AB  - The morphological identification of cells by flow cytometry is difficult. Usually
      cell sorting and microscopical analysis have to be used in addition.
      Morphological analysis is simplified by taking cell pictures from a range of
      particular interest immediately during flow cytometric analysis. Instruments
      using the video scanning technique for fluorescence imaging are slow and
      expensive (8, 10). Morphological information can also be obtained by transmission
      imaging of cells in flow, which requires shorter exposure times. Therefore a cell
      volume activated flow imaging device has been developed which operates at flow
      speeds up to 5 m/sec and which depicts transmission images of selected cells on a
      16-mm film by a nsec flashlamp illumination. An electronic unit detects the
      particles in the optically accessible orifice, performs the pulse height
      analysis, triggers the flashlamp if particles are in the preselcted range of
      interest and feeds the film. The instrument is capable of delivering up to 150
      pictures per second and works either as a flow microscope in which the cells in
      the preselected volume range are directly observed, or as a picture system in
      which the cell pictures are stored on the 16-mm film for documentation or for
      image analysis.

PMID- 374600
TI  - Multiangle light-scattering analysis of murine teratocarcinoma cells.
AB  - Stem cells of the mouse testicular teratocarcinoma are capable of giving rise in
      vivo and in vitro to a wide variety of cell and tissue types representative of
      each embryonic germ layer. Multiangle light-scattering measurements in a flow
      system have been made on these stem cells and on a variety of their
      differentiated derivatives. This technique is capable of distinguishing the stem
      cells from parietal yolk sac cells, visceral yolk sac cells, neuronal cells and
      squamous cells. However, multipotential stem cells cannot be distinguished from
      stem cells that are restricted in their development to a single pathway.

PMID- 374599
TI  - Detection and discrimination of individual viruses by flow cytometry.
AB  - A new flow cytometer with a very small observation volume has been developed to
      detect individual viruses with good resolution, and has been used to discriminate
      between two types of viral particles based on differences in their light
      scattering. Measurements of light scattering and fluorescence made with such an
      instrument can provide a basis for quantitative analysis and sorting of viruses
      and other particles in the micron and submicron size range.

PMID- 374602
TI  - Cell differentiation based on absorption and scattering.
AB  - Improvements of the flow system allow calibrated cell length measurements down to
      less than 2 micron at a very high rate. An optical index match to plane viewing
      windows perpendicular to the optical axis in the flow system keeps the axial
      symmetry for forward scattered light. Cell size, axial light loss and scattering
      intensity within different angles were found to be powerful tools to
      differentiate cell populations. Red cells were analyzed according to various cell
      surface structures. Lymphocyte populations isolated from different parts of the
      lymphatic system in rats have been distinguished. Experimental tumor cells showed
      typical data pattern after different chemical treatments.

PMID- 374601
TI  - Simultaneous flow cytometric DNA and volume measurements of bone marrow cells as
      sensitive indicator of abnormal proliferation patterns in rat leukemias.
AB  - Simultaneous flow cytometric DNA and volume analysis of normal rat bone marrow
      cells shows three populations of nucleated cells with different mean volume. Each
      of these populations proliferates in a distinct cell cycle (alpha, beta, gamma).
      Normally the alpha-cell cycle has the highest amplitude, the beta-cell cycle is
      intermediate, and the gamma-cell cycle is low. The alpha-cell cycle was very
      significantly depressed and the beta + gamma-cell cycle was increased in three
      different rat leukemias (L5222, Shay, BNML), growing on three different rat
      strains (BDIX, Holtzmann, Brown Norway). The two parameter analysis further
      revealed that cells of the beta + gamma-cell cycle were slightly hyperdiploid and
      hypertetraploid in leukemic animals. The decrease of the alpha-cell cycle and the
      hyperploidies were more sensitive indicators for the abnormal proliferation
      pattern than the analysis of one parameter DNA distributions which remained
      within normal limits in all three leukemias.

PMID- 374603
TI  - Flowcytometric evaluation of the DNA distribution in isolated pancreatic islets
      from normal and diabetic mice.
AB  - Pancreatic islets from C57BL/KsJ-db/db, and +/+ mice were isolated by
      collagenase. After isolation the islets were transferred to a hypotonic
      ethidiumbromide solution with 0.3% of the detergent Nonidet P40. After vortexing,
      the samples were analyzed in a BioPhysics Cytofluorograf 4802A. The DNA
      histograms were divided into 2c, 2-4c, 4c and 8c fractions under the assumption
      of a constant rate of DNA synthesis during the 2-4c phase. In comparison with
      normal mice, we found that diabetic mice had a lower fraction of 2c nuclei and a
      higher fraction of 2-4c, 4c, and 8c nuclei. These results obtained by flow
      cytometry are in agreement with results obtained by 3HTdR incorporation and by
      cytophotometry on histological sections.

PMID- 374604
TI  - Immunofluorescence of histone H1 in stimulated lymphocytes measured by flow
      cytophotometry.
AB  - The modification of histones or their redistribution during the transition from
      actively transcribing chromatin to the heterochromatic chromosomes seems to play
      a major in regulation of gene expression. The purpose of this study was to
      monitor the change in immunofluorescence of histone HI during phytohemagglutinin
      stimulation in peripheral lymphocytes. The histone antigens were prepared from
      pig thymus, proven to be pure by gel electrophoresis and repeatedly injected as
      RNA-complexes into rabbits. The antihistone HI antiserum titer was 1:4000, and
      there was no cross-reactivity with other histone fractions as shown by
      microcomplement fixation tests. Affinity chromatography purified antibody after
      being labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate was able to differentially stain
      HeLa cells as controls and those, where histone HI had been extracted by
      perchloric acid treatment. The measurements were done on a Los Alamos Scientific
      Laboratories-flow cytophotometer cell sorter. Staining peripheral lymphocytes
      resulted in a bimodal distribution. The increase in number of cells with high
      fluorescence intensity had its maximum about 20 hr before the maximum
      proliferative activity of the lymphocytes as measured by number of cells in S
      phase with the DNA-stain mithramycin.

PMID- 374605
TI  - Cytofluorometric analysis of R-Thy-1. antigens in various rat lymphocytes with
      different electrophoretic mobility and organ distribution.
AB  - Small bone marrow lymphocytes, which had been previously enriched by velocity
      sedimentation, thymocytes, lymph node cells and spleen cells were
      electrophoretically separated, stained with fluorescein conjugated rabbit a-rat
      Thy-1. globulin and their fluorescence intensities analyzed with a flow
      cytophotometer. Thy-1. antigens were found in 80% of the bone marrow small
      lymphocytes showing low electrophoretic mobility (EPM), in all thymocytes, about
      80% of which show low and the rest medium to high EPM, and in a few lymph node
      cells of high EPM. Thy-1. positive cells were not observed in the spleen. All
      fluorescence intensity histograms obtained were modal and could be properly
      fitted with normal curves showing coefficients of variation (C.V.) in the range
      of 20% to 30%. It was observed that the thymocytes of low EPM had an antibody
      binding affinity significantly different from that of the other stained
      lymphocytes. Moreover the surface antigen density decreased in the sequence:
      thymocytes of low EPM, bone marrow lymphocytes of low EPM and thymocytes of high
      EPM. The fluorescence intensity of stained lymph node cells of high EPM appeared
      similar to that of thymocytes of high EPM but was not evaluated precisely. Thus
      the two dimensional cell analysis provided by a combination of EPM and surface
      fluorescence of Thy-1.+ cells, allows the characterization of different
      lymphocyte populations which cannot be clearly identified with normal one
      dimensional techniques. The biological significance of the results is discussed
      briefly.

PMID- 374606
TI  - Efficient interaction for automated chromosome analysis using asynchronous
      parallel processes.
AB  - It is likely that any practical automated chromosome analysis system will be
      interactive. To prevent long pauses in the stream of operator interactions, it is
      necessary, if using standard computer hardware, to configure for asynchronous and
      parallel operation. A system is presented which uses several computer processors,
      which can support one or more operators, and which divides processing into
      interactive and noninteractive sections, smoothes the rate of presentation of
      interactions, and keeps both the operator and the computer fully employed.

PMID- 374607
TI  - DNA cytophotometry of human chromosomes.
AB  - The applicability of Feulgen-based parameters to detect variant metaphase
      chromosomes involved in deletions or translocations, was investigated and
      algorithms developed to compute such parameters. This report is focused primarily
      on the magnitude of the errors involved during the prerequisite procedures of
      photography, measurement and computation. Measurements were performed by stage
      scanning of photographic negatives of Feulgen-stained metaphases. In the scanned
      images the initial chromosome boundaries were obtained by thresholding, while
      definite chromosomal areas and local background values were obtained by expansion
      of the initial boundaries. The integrated density profiles and the relative DNA
      content were computed for the individual chromosomes (straight as well as bent).
      Total DNA content, DNA arm ratio, as well as length and centromere index can be
      obtained from the profile. It was shown that under such conditions the
      experimental errors associated with the measurements are small compared to
      biologic variations (e.g., differences between homologues) and that the
      procedures applied allow to detect polymorphisms. In addition to this, mean and
      standard deviations of both DNA and length parameters are given for metaphases of
      five subjects. Comparison of the applicability of DNA and length parameters is
      realized by a classification experiment.

PMID- 374608
TI  - Slit-scan flow cytometry of mammalian chromosomes.
AB  - A flow cytometer has been constructed which measures total fluorescence and the
      distribution of fluorescence along isolated, stained mammalian chromosomes. In
      this device, chromosomes flow lengthwise at 4 m/sec through a 1-micrometer thick
      laser beam. The fluorescence from each chromosome is recorded at 10 nsec
      intervals; the sequence of recorded values represents the distribution of
      fluorescence along the chromosome and is stored in the memory of a waveform
      recorder. The total fluorescence of each chromosome is also measured and
      recorded. Preliminary studies show that doublets of 1.83 micrometers diameter
      microspheres flow with their long axes parallel to the direction of flow and that
      the two microspheres are resolved in the slit-scan profile. Ethidium bromide
      stained Muntjac and Chinese hamster chromosomes have also been slit-scanned.
      Centromeres were resolved in many of the Nos. 1 and 2 Chinese hamster chromosomes
      and the Nos. 1 and X + 3 Muntjac chromosomes.

PMID- 374609
TI  - Isolated metaphase chromosomes. II. Proteins of Chinese hamster chromosomes.
AB  - The proteins on metaphase chromosomes theoretically may be distributed
      ubiquitously throughout the karyotype, may be present uniquely on individual
      chromosomes or classes of chromosomes, or may exist in any combination of the
      above. Separation of chromosomes according to size using sucrose velocity
      gradients in high capacity zonal centrifuge rotors allows sufficient
      fractionation of the genome to indicate the distribution of proteins within the
      karyotype. Flow cytometric analysis and direct microscopic analysis were used to
      evaluate qualitatively the types of chromosomes present in the fractions
      obtained. This report is the first quantitative evidence that some of the
      chromosomal proteins are not distributed ubiquitously on all of the chromosomes
      of the karyotype.

PMID- 374610
TI  - An interactive computer system for the analysis of cell lineages.
AB  - We have developed an interactive computer system for analysing cell lineage data.
      It can be utilized in studies of cell motility, cell division, cell
      differentiation, and cell aging. It has enabled us to document the heterogeneity
      of human foreskin fibroblasts in culture and to propose that loss of
      proliferative potential may mean that cells enter a state of differentiation
      which makes them unable to respond to mitotic stimulation. Our method, which
      enables us to apply immunological and cytochemical probes after recording the
      history of a cell lineage, should allow us to define precisely features which
      uniquely distinguish cycling from noncycling cells on an individual cell basis.

PMID- 374611
TI  - Flow cytometric analysis of adriamycin-perturbed mouse mammary tumors.
AB  - The effects of a single intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin (10 mg/kg) on a
      fast-growing C3H mouse mammary tumor (S102F) have been analyzed volumetrically,
      biochemically, autoradiographically and flow cytometrically. Mathematical
      simulation of the data was also used to aid in the interpretation of the recovery
      kinetics. This dose of adriamycin did not induce regression in tumor volume but
      did inhibit the growth rate for 4-5 days. 3H-TdR incorporation was gradually
      inhibited to reach a low of 20% of control at 24 and 36 hr and then recovered
      back to control by 96 hr after adriamycin treatment. The flow cytometric analysis
      also showed a marked reduction in the relative fraction of cells in the S-phase
      with a minimum of 23% of control at 72 hr; however, in contrast to the 3H-TdR
      incorporation data, the fraction of cells in the S-phase was only at 39% of
      control at 96 hr after the adriamycin injection. Since the 3H-TdR incorporation
      data disagreed with the flow cytometry data, autoradiographic analysis was also
      done at selected times after the adriamycin injections, and qualitatively, this
      analysis confirms the flow cytometry data in that the labeling index was 29% of
      control at 96 hr after adriamycin. The mitotic index also dropped from 8 to 1%,
      respectively, for controls and at 96 hr posttreatment. The degenerate index was
      about 1% in control tumors and no increase was observed in treated tumors.
      Adriamycin-induced cell-cycle delay occurs predominately in G1 and G2 but there
      is also an apparent minor delay in the transit across the S-phase and some
      apparent cytotoxicity in G2 and/or M. The long delay in volumetric growth appears
      to be due to the extended cell-cycle delay rather than extensive cell killing.

PMID- 374612
TI  - Cell-cycle phase-dependence of drug-induced cycle progression delay.
AB  - The effect of adriamycin on cell cycle phase progression of CHO cells
      synchronized into the various phases of the cell cycle by elutriation was
      investigated by high resolution pulse cytophotometry. Cells treated in all phases
      of the cell cycle showed delay in their subsequent progression. In addition to
      the wellknown block of cells in the G2-phase, a delay in passage of cells from G1
      to S and a decreased rate of transit through the S-phase were observed. A
      broadening of the DNA distributions of the treated cells was observed after cell
      division indicating induction of chromosomal abnormalities.

PMID- 374613
TI  - Multiparameter kinetic analysis of killer cell initiation by using immune RNA.
AB  - By treating nonsensitized C57BL/6J spleen derived lymphocytes with EL-4 tumor
      cell directed xenogeneic extracted RNA we were able to monitor early changes in
      cellular DNA content by flow cytometric (FCM) analysis and 3H-thymidine uptake.
      These kinetic parameters were correlated with cell mediated cytotoxicity which
      appeared as early as 8 hr after activation as measured by release of chromium-51
      from labeled EL-4 target cells. Flow cytometric analysis and 3H-thymidine uptake
      data shown peak S phase activity at 72 hr. Maximum cytotoxicity was observed at
      48 hr. Cell cycle kinetic parameters were correlated with the appearance of cell
      mediated cytotoxicity.

PMID- 374614
TI  - An immunocytochemical approach to cell kinetics automation.
AB  - Antibodies specific for 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) can be used to measure
      labeling indices in an automated system by image analysis. The antibody, used
      with an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, will detect de novo DNA synthesis
      subsequent to growing the cells for various time intervals in 5-bromodeoxyuridine
      containing medium. Asynchronously growing CHO cells were pulsed with 3H-5
      bromodeoxyuridine, fixed, denatured and then stained with anti-bromouridine
      antiserum. Peroxidase-coupled goat anti-rabbit IgG was used as the secondary
      antibody, and slides were stained with diaminobenzidine. Cells which are positive
      display a reticular pattern indicative of replicating chromatin. "Labeling
      indices" were generated by scanning the nuclei by TV image analysis. The
      percentage of labeled cells by the immunocytochemical technique correlates well
      with that found by autoradiography. Some of the applications of this automated
      method include cell kinetics and analysis of S-phase by pattern recognition
      technique.

PMID- 374615
TI  - Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content for ploidy determination in human solid
      tumors.
AB  - Flow cytometric studies of cellular DNA content were conducted in 26 patients
      with a variety of neoplasms. Cell dispersal was achieved with pepsin treatment,
      and a combination of ethidium bromide and mithramycin was used as DNA specific
      staining procedure. All measurements were conducted with a new sheath flow
      chamber in a PHYWE ICP 11 pulse cytophotometer. All but one patient with multiple
      myeloma had unimodal tumor cell DNA distributions. With human granulocytes as
      reference standard, 24 of 26 tumors were aneuploid; and of these, 23 showed
      varying degrees of hyperdiploidy. Except for one patient, ploidy abnormalities
      were stable on repeat examination.

PMID- 374616
TI  - Cell sorter analysis of carcinogen metabolites in human tissues.
AB  - A fluorescence -activated cell sorter (FACS-II) was used to examine biochemical
      parameters in a heterogeneous population of cultured human lymphocytes.
      Incubation of cells in the presence of benz(a)anthracene (BA) during culture was
      employed to induce the enzyme system which metabolizes carcinogens. Carcinogen
      metabolism was assayed directly by measuring the phenolic metabolites of cells
      exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (BP). Metabolism of benzo(a)pyrene was measured in
      single cells and was determined to be greater in the larger cells than in the
      smaller cells of the cultures. For a given size of cells, the enzyme activity was
      greater in those exposed to benz(a)anthracene during culture. In some studies,
      viable cells were first sorted by size and subpopulations assayed for the o
      deethylation of the compound, ethoxyresorufin, which measures more specifically
      the activity of cytochrome P-448. Larger cells had higher levels of enzyme
      activity than smaller cells in agreement with the direct determinations above. It
      is possible to measure carcinogen metabolism in other tissues by using the
      techniques described here.

PMID- 374617
TI  - Automated cervical cytology screening: performance requirements and instrument
      evaluation.
AB  - Continuing progress towards automation of cervical cancer screening requires that
      criteria for clinical acceptability of automated systems be defined, and that
      methods be devised for effectively evaluating new technology. The potential roles
      of automation in cervical cancer detection, performance requirements, instrument
      evaluation and useful contributions from tuberculosis screening, automated white
      blood cell differential counting, signal detection theory and decision theory are
      discussed.

PMID- 374618
TI  - The diagnostic significance of nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid measurement in
      automated cytology.
AB  - Flow cytometric analysis of cytologic samples from four different organs shows
      that nuclear DNA content of malignant cell populations depends to a large extent
      on organ of origin of the tumor. This fact must be considered in planning
      screening systems.

PMID- 374619
TI  - A screening system for cervical cancer cytology.
AB  - A system for screening cervical cytological preparations is described which
      employs the Leitz Texture Analyzer System (E. Leitz, Rockleigh, N. J.)
      quantitative staining with acridine orange, and a fluorescence standard. The
      instrumentation scans cells on microscope slides and detects objects which it
      interprets to be nuclei with excess total nuclear green fluorescence intensity
      (Previous results employing manual measurements have indicated that normal nuclei
      do not produce total nuclear green fluorescence greater than a specific absolute
      intensity level). Detected objects are identified by visual observation. Cells
      (102,000) from 65 patients (29 normal, 36 abnormal) have been examined. In each
      abnormal sample, at least one abnormal cell was detected. In over half of the
      samples, three or fewer other objects (e.g. clumps of polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes) were detected. These are easily distinguishable from single nuclei,
      and could be discarded by someone with minimal cytological training.

PMID- 374620
TI  - Proximity of lectin receptors on the cell surface measured by fluorescence energy
      transfer in a flow system.
AB  - Molecules of the lectin concanavalin A have been labeled separately with the
      fluorescein and rhodamine chromophores and jointly bound to the surface of
      transformed Friend erythroleukemia cells. The two dyes constitute an ideal donor
      acceptor pair for fluorescence resonance energy transfer thereby permitting the
      determination of the proximity relationships between bound ligand molecules and
      the corresponding surface receptors. The transfer efficiency at saturation (about
      57%) was measured in a multiparameter flow system using laser excitation at 488
      nm and detection of fluorescein and rhodamine emission intensities as well as the
      emission anisotropy of the rhodamine fluorescence for each cell. The degree of
      energy transfer was estimated from the quenching of donor emission, the
      sensitization of acceptor emission, and the depolarization of acceptor
      fluorescence. The system has been modeled according to a formalism developed by
      Gennis and Cantor (Biochemistry 11: 2509, 1972). We estimate the separation
      between the surfaces of bound lectin molecules at saturation to be 0-40 A, a
      range possibly characteristic for micropatches induced by ligand binding.

PMID- 374621
TI  - Visualization of multidimensional spectra in flow cytometry.
AB  - Flow data from a cell sorter have been processed by hardwired circuits which
      include amplification, discrimination, coincidence requirements, peak sensing and
      holding, A-D conversion, and a computerized pulse height analysis with storage of
      the spectra obtained. Two dimensional spectra can be stored directly in memory,
      on tape and disk. Three and four parametric cellular events can be recorded on
      line during the flow measurement in a sequential mode on tape for subsequent
      recall. Simple processing of these data can be performed for displaying of two
      dimensional projections from these multidimensional spaces based on threshold
      conditions for the remaining parameters. Interfaced transmission of the stored
      data to a large scale computer enables more sophisticated data analysis. Data
      reduction by means of a multidimensional probability analysis has been carried
      out in order to transfer the spectra to a computerized picture system for
      display. This system creates perspective two-dimensional images from a three
      dimensional data space. Frequency can be converted into grey levels. Hard copy in
      color (color as the third dimension and color intensity as frequency) simplifies
      the visualization of multiparametric flow data sets.

PMID- 374623
TI  - Flow cytometry of human gynecologic specimens using log chromomycin A3
      fluorescence and log 90 degrees light scatter.
AB  - Flow cytometry and electronic cell sorting are being investigated to screen
      gynecologic specimens for cervical neoplasia. Cellular DNA content is quantitated
      by Chromomycin A3 fluorescence and cell size is quantitated by 90 degrees light
      scatter; the logarithms of the measured intensities are used to produce a two
      parameter histogram. To determine the cell types responsible for signals in
      various histogram regions, systematic electronic cell sorting is performed. The
      sorted fractions are sedimented into microscope slides and stained by the
      Papanicolaou technique. The cells in each fraction are identified by conventional
      cytomorphologic criteria. Morphologic analysis of sorted cells reveals histogram
      regions corresponding to specific cell types. One very important region contains
      the highest concentration of signals from abnormal cells and is therefore the
      best region to analyze for specimen abnormality. However, because a significant
      number of signals in this region are from normal cells, specimens cannot be
      diagnosed by their analysis. Another important histogram region is composed
      primarily of signals from endocervical columnar and metaplastic cells. The
      presence of such cells is a good criterion for specimen adequacy, therefore
      analysis of signals in this region is essential to assess specimen adequacy for
      automatic screening.

PMID- 374622
TI  - Quantitative cytology of the positive region in flow sorted vaginal smears.
AB  - Fifty-one gynecologic specimens were collected from three women's hospitals and
      mailed in a prefixed status to our laboratory. The specimens were classified into
      a negative, a suspicious, a postradiation, and a positive group. After single
      cell dispersion the samples were stained for DNA and protein, analyzed, and
      sorted in the dual laser equipped Heidelberg flow analyzer sorter (HEIFAS).
      Particles with elevated DNA values (beyond 3.5 ploidy) and with intermediate
      protein values were sorted as the positive fraction directly on microscopic
      slides. After restaining according to Papanicolaou, they were re-evaluated
      cytologically and identified as tumor cells, dysplastic cells and false alarms.
      The latter consist of doublets and aggregates of more than two cells, binucleated
      cells, sperm aggregates and epithelial cells contaminated with bacteria. The
      different groups showed significant differences regarding the total rate of
      aggregates to single cells. In general, false alarms were very frequent in the
      positive region and impeded the statistical classification of the sample. The
      reduction of false alarms is a prerequisite for prescreening with flow
      instrumentation.

PMID- 374624
TI  - Interactive display and analysis of data from bivariate flow cytometers.
AB  - An interactive computer program, SWELL, displayss and analyzes bivariate
      distributions generated by flow cytometers. SWELL is modular with options
      available via a menu, is written in Fortran, and utilizes a video color display
      system. Data are accumulated as a bivariate distribution that is transferred to
      the computer as a 64 x 64 matrix. For ease of visualization, matrices are
      displayed in pseudocolor. The distribution values are broken into eight ranges
      and each range is represented by a color. Each element of the matrix is then
      displayed in its assigned color. To allow pooling and comparison, distributions
      are aligned, edited, and standardized. Unknown samples are pooled or analyzed
      singly and compared to the normal pool by subtraction. Differences are displayed
      as pseudocolor matrices of sign, magnitude, or statistical magnitude in units of
      standard deviation. This latter display, scaled to tolerance limits, readily
      reveals regions of significant difference between normal and abnormal samples.
      Counts within such regions can be compared to diagnose samples automatically.

PMID- 374625
TI  - System operating characteristic and cost analysis in automated cytodiagnosis of
      gynecologic specimens.

PMID- 374626
TI  - False alarms in a slit-scan flow system: causes and occurrence rates.
      Implications and potential solutions.
AB  - A slit-scan technique was developed as a basis for an automated prescreening
      system for gynecologic cytology. A flow system based on this technique was
      fabricated and tested and results indicated that false alarms (misclassification
      of objects or events from normal specimens as abnormal) are the greatest
      remaining obstacle to development of an automated prescreening instrument. A dual
      view correlation system was fabricated to provide exact image-contour correlation
      in flow and permit precise determination of causes and occurrence rates of false
      alarms. This paper presents data from correlation analyses of 23 normal cytologic
      specimens. Major causes of false alarms and their implications to automated
      prescreening are discussed. A technique that would eliminate the majority of
      false alarms in flow is presented.

PMID- 374628
TI  - Progress report of the TUDAB project for automated cancer cell detection.
AB  - Two methods for high resolution cell image data acquisition are applied
      routinely. Cells are either scanned by a computer controlled fast scanning
      microscope photometer (SMP) or a TV-camera. The software system for digital image
      analysis was completely revised and implemented on the PR 330 minicomputer. The
      system contains codes for primary cell data acquisition, segmentation of cells,
      cell feature extraction and statistical cell analysis. With this system, SMP and
      TV scanned cell data bases of PAP stained cells in vaginal smears, grouped into
      several classes, have been built up. Each data base contains 34 primary features
      and 20 feature combinations for each cell. A linear discriminant analysis is
      applied routinely for cell classification. The present state of the system and
      its operation are described, cell features and classification results are shown,
      and future steps for a prescreening strategy are discussed.

PMID- 374627
TI  - Preselection of alarms in a hybrid system for screening of cervical cancer.
AB  - In this report, a preselection of alarms in a system for automated screening of
      cervical cancer based on depositing the cell sample linearly as a "cell trace" on
      a tape and analyzing it at different decision levels with increasing complexity,
      and preliminary results on analyzing cervical material with this system are
      discussed. The "cell trace" is analyzed with the slit-scan technique. Six
      parameters are computed: 1) cellular diameter; 2) nuclear diameter; 3) nuclear
      fluorescence (acriflavin-Feulgen) as nuclear DNA; 4) cellular fluorescence; 5)
      nuclear to cytoplasm ratio (N/C ratio); and 6) nuclear density. At present, only
      nuclear fluorescence is used to define a decision boundary between normal and
      potentially atypical cells. Under this criteria the slit-scan analysis leaves 5%
      of the events in a sample that must be rechecked at a second decision level in
      normal cell samples. A further reduction is expected when several slit-scan
      parameters are used at the first decision step. All events declared suspicious
      will be investigated in more detail by a two dimensional image analyzing system
      where the fluorescence image is generated by a laser scanning system. Results
      obtained in preliminary experiments are discussed in this paper.

PMID- 374629
TI  - An image analysis system for cervical cytology automation using nuclear DNA
      content.
AB  - An experimental computer/image analysis system has been used to investigate
      cytology automation techniques based on nuclear DNA measurement and morphological
      artefact rejector tests. The system automatically measures and normalizes the
      integrated optical density of cell nuclei in specially prepared cervical cytology
      specimens, and selects any objects with abnormally high values for further
      analysis. These are then analyzed by morphological and densitometric tests
      designed to eliminate false positive signals caused by non-nuclear artefacts. The
      coordinates of the remaining abnormal nuclei are recorded so that they can
      subsequently be relocated and examined by a cytotechnician. Preliminary results
      are given showing the measurement accuracy of the system and the performance of
      the artefact rejection tests.

PMID- 374630
TI  - High resolution segmentation of cervical cells.
AB  - A major problem in the automation of cervical cytology screening is the
      segmentation of cell images. This paper presents the present status of the work
      on that problem at the University of Uppsala. A dual resolution system is used.
      Suspect malignant cells are located at 4 mu resolution. Each such cell is
      rescanned at 0.5 mu resolution at two different wavelengths, 530 and 570 nm. The
      nucleus and the cytoplasm are isolated each by two independent methods. For the
      nucleus adaptive thresholding in the histogram of the 570 nm image and a
      contouring in a radially transformed version of that image is used. For the
      cytoplasm a two dimensional thresholding in the 2D histogram and a contouring in
      a radially transformed version of the 530 nm image is used. If the two nuclear
      masks agree the surrounding area is checked for disturbing objects. If also the
      cytoplasm masks agree and are without disturbing objects the whole cell is
      accepted. The result of the cytoplasm masks agree and are without disturbing
      objects the whole cell is accepted. The result of the segmentation is thus three
      categories; free cells, free nuclei and rejected objects. The shape of the
      objects belonging to the former two categories is checked and irregularly shaped
      ones are rejected as probably consisting of several overlapping nuclei. Cells
      passing also this test are classified as normal or malignant. The experience from
      using this algorithm is discussed and areas for further research are pointed out.

PMID- 374631
TI  - A new method for fluorescence immunoassay using plane surface solid phases
      (FIAPS).
AB  - A method distinguished by high sensitivity, low non-specific binding, easy
      handling, and broad applicability with respect to various antigens is described.
      Films of polymethyl-methacrylate with plane surfaces were selected as solid phase
      for adhesive or covalent binding of different antigens (DNA, histone, human,
      rabbit or goat immunoglobulins). Proteins were covalently bound to the films by
      the azide method (Orth and Brummer, 1972). Polymethylmethacrylate films thus
      coated had a negligible autofluorescence and gave minimal non-specific binding of
      protein. Coated films were used for specificity control of FITC-labeled antibody
      preparations and in the double antibody and sandwich techniques for detection of
      antibodies or antigens in sera from man, rabbit and goat. FITC-conjugated
      hyperimmune antibody, in some cases purified by immunoadsorption was used as
      second antibody in indirect techniques. The amount of fluorescent-labeled
      antibody bound per unit of surface area of film was measured by incident light
      with a Zeiss-Axiomat fluorescence microscope equipped for fluorescence photometry
      and an uranyl acetate glass plate was used as a standard. The technique appears
      superior to present methods of quantitative immunofluorescence analysis.

PMID- 374632
TI  - Preparation of functionalized derivatives of inulin: conjugation of erythrocytes
      for hemagglutination and plaque-forming cell assays.
AB  - A method is described for preparing derivatives of alkali-stable polysaccharides
      for coupling to immunogen carriers or to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) for use in
      hemagglutination (HA) and plaque-forming cell (PFC) assays. Inulin, a beta (2
      leads to 1)-linked polyfructosan was partially derivatized with carboxyl,
      aminoethyl or (p-aminophenyl)butyryl groups; the latter derivative was coupled to
      SRBC following diazotization. Optimal conditions for the sensitization of SRBC
      with inulin were given. The immunological reactivity of the inulin molecule was
      unaffected by the derivatization reactions, and high, reproducible anti-inulin HA
      titers for inulin-binding myeloma proteins were found using these specifically
      sensitized SRBC. The sensitized SRBC were stable for assays for over 2 weeks.
      Problems with spontaneous agglutination or distortion of sensitized SRBC,
      normally seen in other procedures, e.g., methods using stearoyl-inulin, were not
      encountered.

PMID- 374634
TI  - IMA marches on the golden jubilee year.

PMID- 374633
TI  - A simple micro-assay for neutrophil bactericidal activity.
AB  - A micro-titre assay of neutrophil intracellular bactericidal activity is
      presented which requires only a relatively small number of cells and which is
      simple to perform, making it suitable for use in a clinical situation.

PMID- 374635
TI  - John Newell Hurty: professor, pharmaceutical chemist, physician.

PMID- 374636
TI  - Virulence of Escherichia coli K1 in adults.
AB  - Of 137 cases of Escherichia coli bacteremia in adults at a general hospital, 16
      (12%) were caused by E. coli K1. The case records of 15 patients with E. coli K1
      and 48 patients with other E. coli revealed that the patients with E. coli K1 had
      an average age of 54, while those with other E. coli had an average age of 61 (P
      greater than 0.05). There was no significant difference between the profiles of
      underlying disease in the two groups. No patients with E. coli K1 bacteremia
      died, while 16 of 48 patients with non-K1 bacteremia died (P =0.006). This
      difference was statistically significant in those patients with ultimately fatal
      disease (P = 0.038) but not in those with non-fatal disease (P = 0.16). These
      findings suggest that E. coli K1 is cleared more easily by adults than are other
      E. coli.

PMID- 374637
TI  - Target tissues associated with genital infection of female guinea pigs by the
      chlamydial agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis.
AB  - Female guinea pigs were experimentally infected in the genital tract with the
      strain of Chlamydia psittaci that causes guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis.
      Chlamydiae were found frequently in superficial squamous epithelial cells of the
      exocervix, along with heavy involvement at the squamocolumnar junction. In this
      zone chlamydiae were observed in columnar cells, but inflammation and chlamydial
      inclusions were not observed in true endocervical epithelium. These observations
      were supported by results of immunofluorescence microscopy. Electron micrographs
      revealed typical chlamydiae within surface epithelial cells at the squamocolumnar
      junction; various stages of the growth cycle (elementary, reticulate, and
      intermediate bodies) were also present. Cytopathologic features were not
      remarkable, but peripheral distribution of organelles, rarefaction of the
      cytoplasm, and loss of microvilli were observed.

PMID- 374639
TI  - Interaction of group A streptococcal lipoteichoic acid with bovine myelin basic
      protein.
AB  - Group A streptococcal lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a polyglycerol phosphate ester
      linked with fatty acids, formed precipitin lines in agar gels with the positively
      charged myelin basic protein (MBP) isolated from bovine brain. The LTA-MBP
      complexes were formed with deacylated teichoic acid and were not inhibited by
      monomeric glycerol phosphate, a finding indicating the participation of the
      polyglycerol phosphate (PGP) backbone of LTA in the reaction. Following
      interaction with PGP, MBP inhibited the agglutination of LTA-sensitized
      erythrocytes by induction of antibodies to LTA, directed against the PGP
      antigenic determinant. The amplification of the humoral immune response to the
      insoluble complex of LTA and MBP was of particular interest in view of the lack
      of immunogenicity of either LTA or MBP alone.

PMID- 374638
TI  - Adherence, augmented adherence, and aggregation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
AB  - Adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to nylon fiber was found to be plasma
      independent and distinct from the processes of augmented adherence, leukocyte
      aggregation, and inhibition of random leukocyte migration, all of which are
      dependent on "activated" plasma. Nylon fibers were unable to "activate" plasma,
      in contrast to the complement-activating agent zymosan. Prior incubation of
      plasma with antiserum to the third component of complement (C3) inhibited
      aggregation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes by plasma incubated with zymosan, and
      heat-inactivation blocked augmentation of adherence by treatment of plasma with
      zymosan.

PMID- 374640
TI  - Synergism of ampicillin and gentamicin against obstructive pyelonephritis due to
      Escherichia coli in rats.
AB  - Rats with obstructive pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli were treated for
      different intervals with ampicillin and gentamicin either alone or in
      combination. The combination of ampicillin and gentamicin was synergistic in
      vitro and significantly more effective in vivo than was either drug alone. After
      treatment for 10 days, the combination of ampicillin and gentamicin was the only
      regimen that sterilized all of the pyelonephritic kidneys. The importance of
      achieving sterility was illustrated by the observation that severe infection and
      acute pyelonephritis recurred after religation of the ureter in 12 (71%) of 17
      ampicillin-treated animals that had harbored as few as 46 organisms per kidney
      before ligation. A synergistic combination of antibiotics rapidly sterilizes
      obstructed pyelonephritic kidneys. In view of the particular risk of renal
      infection in the presence of urinary obstruction in humans, synergistic
      antibiotic combinations may be useful in the treatment of obstructive
      pyelonephritis in humans.

PMID- 374641
TI  - Electron microscopic definition of surface antigens of group B Streptococcus.
AB  - Strains representing each of the five serologically distinct types of group B
      Streptococcus and variant strain 090R, which is devoid of type-specific
      polysaccharide, were studied by electron microscopy after incubation with various
      ferritin-conjugated antibodies. Ferritin-conjugated types Ia, II and III
      antibodies localized on homologous cells in a pattern that defines the capsular
      location of the type Ia, II, and III polysaccharide antigen. Type Ib and Ic cells
      have surface antigens to which ferritin-labeled antibodies to both capsular
      polysaccharide and a common surface protein attach.

PMID- 374642
TI  - Cell-mediated immune responses in sporotrichosis.
AB  - Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was evaluated in five patients with cutaneous
      sporotrichosis and six patients with systemic sporotrichosis. Whereas patients
      with cutaneous disease showed normal CMI, the patients with systemic disease had
      significant abnormalities in CMI. Most patients exhibited responses to a
      sporothrix antigen, measured either in conventional assays of lymphocyte
      transformation or in preincubation assays. Two patients with protracted illnesses
      and continued abnormalities in CMI were treated with transfer factor and showed
      improvement in parameters of CMI and control of their disease.

PMID- 374643
TI  - Prevention of pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli in rats with gentamicin
      stored in kidney tissue.
AB  - Although gentamicin is known to accumulate and persist in the kidneys after
      systemic administration, its antibacterial activity at this site has not been
      determined. In the present study the accumulation of gentamicin in rat kidneys
      before infection prevented obstructive pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli
      despite heavy urinary tract infection on the obstructed pelvis; thus the kidneys
      were protected against infection in the absence of effective levels of gentamicin
      in the urine. Stored gentamicin also protected pyelonephritic rats from relapse
      after complete obstruction of the kidneys. The level of antimicrobial activity of
      gentamicin in whole kidney tissue was 95% less than that anticipated on the basis
      of levels measured after dilution of kidney tissue homogenates; this low level of
      activity apparently was due in part to high concentrations of solutes. In view of
      these results in rats, the possibility must be considered that despite reduced
      activity, gentamicin storage might be useful in the prophylaxis of kidney
      infection in patients with abnormalities of the urinary tract. In the treatment
      of established kidney infection, the dose of gentamicin could be reduced and the
      interval of its administration increased for minimal toxicity.

PMID- 374644
TI  - Different protection rates in various groups of volunteers given subunit
      influenza virus vaccine in 1976.
AB  - Different rates of protection were observed in various groups of volunteers given
      trivalent subunit influenza virus vaccine during an epidemic caused by
      A/Victoria/3/75 strains of influenza virus in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, in
      1976. The degree of protection varied from 80% protection from infection in one
      group to a moderation in the severity of clinical illness in a geriatric group.
      The response to immunization may depend on the previous experience of the
      vaccinees, and it may be necessary to use different dose schedules in different
      groups for optimal protection.

PMID- 374645
TI  - Occurrence of malaria acquired during travel abroad among American civilians,
      1970-1976.

PMID- 374646
TI  - Antimicrobial therapy of septicemia due to Klebsiella pneumoniae in neutropenic
      rats.
AB  - Three different isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, highly sensitive to amikacin
      but varying  in susceptibility to cefazolin, were injected intraperitoneally into
      neutropenic rats. Animals were treated every 8 hr for 72 hr with saline
      (controls), cefzolin (full dose, 40 mg/kg; one-fourth dose, 10 mg/kg), amikacin
      (full dose, 8 mg/kg; one-fourth dose, 2 mg/kg), or a combination of both drugs at
      either full dose or one-fourth dose. All drugs were given intramuscularly.
      Combination therapy with full doses produced higher mean bactericidal titers in
      serum and more rapid clearance of bacteria from blood and peritoneal washings.
      However, cumulative mortality at 72 hr in rats treated with amikacin plus
      cefazolin in full doses (24%, 23%, and 44%) was not significantly different from
      mortality in rats treated with amikacin alone (34%, 17%, and 62%). Results with
      cefazolin alone were not significantly different from the mortality in control
      animals for two of the three challenge organisms. When the minimal inhibitory
      concentration of cefazolin was less than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml, in vivo
      synergy was suggested by the similar survival rate obtained with a combination of
      a one-fourth dose of each agent and with amikacin alone in a full dose. These
      results demonstrate the relative ineffectiveness of cefazolin for therapy of
      klebsiella septicemia and suggest that in vivo antimicrobial synergy occurs in
      combination therapy against strains of bacteria relatively sensitive to
      cephalosporins.

PMID- 374647
TI  - Investigations in mice on the potentiation of resistance to infections by a new
      immunostimulant compound.
AB  - BM 12.531, 2-[2-cyranaziridinyl-(1)]-2-[2-carbamoylaziridinyl-(1)]-propane, a new
      immunostimulant compound, increased the resistance of mice to infection with
      Candida albicans. Because BM 12.531 had no fungistatic activity in vitro, it is
      proposed that the therapeutic effect of BM 12.531 is caused by the stimulation of
      cell-mediated immunity. Administration of cyclophosphamide alone increased the
      mortality among mice infected with C. albicans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but
      when BM 12.531 was then administered to these animals, the mortality was reduced.
      Among mice with acute Escherichia coli infection, a synergistic effect of
      chloramphenicol and BM 12.531 was demonstrated.

PMID- 374648
TI  - Immunofluorescence determination of the pathogenesis of infection with influenza
      virus in mice following exposure to aerosolized virus.
AB  - The pathogenesis of infection with influenza A virus in mice was studied by
      exposure of specific pathogen-free mice to aerosols of influenza virus and by
      monitoring of mortality, viral titers in lung homogenates, and presence of viral
      antigens in respiratory cells as determined by immunofluorescence. In two
      experiments with different death rates (100% and 43%), viral antigen accumulated
      in the epithelial cells lining the airways, in alveolar macrophages, in alveolar
      cells, and in visceral pleura. By enumeration of the number of airways, alveolar
      macrophages, and alveolar cells containing influenza viral antigens at different
      intervals after exposure to the viral aerosol, it was determined that viral
      replication occurred initially in the epithelial cells lining the airways and
      later extended to the alveolar macrophages and alveolar cells. This
      semiquantitative survey of the dynamics of influenza viral infection by aerosol
      indicated that the viral infection in mice was a descending process.

PMID- 374649
TI  - Enhanced isolation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae from throat washings with a newly
      modified culture medium.
AB  - Two hundred throat washings, previously screened and presumed negative for
      Mycoplasma pneumoniae in conventional mycoplasma culture media, were retested for
      the organism in a modified medium (PS-4) initially developed for cultivation of a
      tick-derived Mycoplasma (spiroplasma). The organism was rapidly identified with
      an agar plate immunofluorescence procedure. M. pneumoniae was isolated from 69
      (34.5%) of the 200 "negative" specimens cultured on a diphasic SP-4 medium, in
      contrast to 10 isolations (5%) made on conventional diphasic mycoplasma medium.
      This enhanced recovery of M. pneumoniae represented a combination of a superior
      culture medium and a more efficient identification technique. The findings
      suggest that these procedures might be effectively applied to the recovery of M.
      pneumoniae from all likely host and that improved recovery of the organism may
      aid in the interpretation of a number of puzzling questions about the
      epidemiology of M. pneumoniae infections.

PMID- 374650
TI  - Detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasal secretions from infants by
      enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
AB  - An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for detection of
      respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in nasal secretions from infants with
      respiratory disease. RSV was detected in 23 of 29 secretions positive for RSV by
      tissue culture and in one of 36 samples negative for RSV by tissue culture. The
      ELISA was a simple rapid, and surprisingly sensitive test for identification of
      RSV infection in infants.

PMID- 374651
TI  - Mucosal defenses against Salmonella infection in the mouse.
AB  - Specific pathogen-free ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice were challenged
      with Salmonella orally, aerogenically, or parentally 24 hr after they received
      sublethal whole-body irradiation. The early growth for the sublethal inoculum was
      identical in irradiated and control mice. In the irradiated group, Salmonella
      multiplied in the liver and spleen until death of the host. Increasing the dose
      of irradiation reduced the size of the mean lethal dose for the intravenous,
      intraperitoneal, and aerogenic challenges. However, in the orally challenged
      mice, the 50% lethal dose dropped only 100-fold when the radiation was increased
      from 0 to 400 rad, with little further decrease even when the dose was increased
      to 800 rad. Presumably, the local gut defenses were responsible for this
      considerable disparity in the lethal effects of an oral vs. parenteral challenge.
      No evidence was found for enhanced local infection of the gut or increased
      involvement of the gut-associated lymphoid organs in the irradiated host. The
      increased mortality seen in the irradiated group seemed to be associated with a
      continued unrestricted growth of Salmonella in the liver and spleen when the
      number of peripheral blood leukocytes was at a minimum. Resistance to the
      sublethal salmonella challenge was eventually restored as the total counts of
      white blood cells returned to normal.

PMID- 374652
TI  - Inhibition of alternative complement pathway opsonization by group A
      streptococcal M protein.
AB  - Group A streptococcal M protein is known to be antiphagocytic; however, the exact
      basis for this property has not been established. In this study the hypothesis
      was tested that cell wall--associated M protein inhibits phagocytosis by
      interfering with bacterial opsonization. Two strains of group A Streptococcus
      pyogenes, CS44 (M+) and CS64 (an M- variant of CS44), were radiolabeled, and
      after incubation in serum these organisms were exposed to human polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes. Phagocytosis was quantitated by measurement of leukocyte-associated
      radioactivity. The contributions of complement and of immunoglobulin to
      streptococcal opsonization were evaluated by use of serum from a variety of
      sources. The results revealed that the M- strain was efficiently opsonized via
      the alternative complement pathway in a relative absence of immunoglobulins. In
      contrast, the M+ strain was poorly opsonized by all sera tested. These findings
      suggest that streptococcal M protein in some way prevents bacterial opsonization
      via the alternative complement pathway and that this property of M protein may
      partly explain its antiphagocytic characteristic.

PMID- 374653
TI  - A study of 666 strains of Candida albicans: correlation between serotype and
      susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine.
AB  - The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and the
      serotypes were determined for 666 strains of Candida albicans isolated from white
      patients in Canada. Of these strains, 495 (74.3%) were serotype A and 71 (25.7%)
      were serotype B. Resistance to 5-FC (MIC, greater than or equal to 25
      microgram/ml) was observed in 11.3% of the serotype A strains and in 49.7% of the
      strains of serotype B. Most specimens were from the urogenital and respiratory
      tracts. The results showed the difference between the distribution of the two
      serotypes of C. albicans in North America and that in Europe. Serotyping of C.
      albicans strains by indirect immunofluorescence is a rapid means of predicting
      the de novo sensitivity of this year to 5-FC. The specificity of this technique
      for the isolated strains was approximately 79%.

PMID- 374654
TI  - Andreas Vesalius -- sixteenth century anatomist.

PMID- 374655
TI  - Thanks to physician preceptors.

PMID- 374656
TI  - [Improved technique for one-stage bilateral lung autotransplanation as a model of
      total lung denervation (author's transl)].

PMID- 374657
TI  - [Dr. Osamu Hayaishi; his work and opinions (2)].

PMID- 374658
TI  - [Outer surface of gram negative bacteria and its interaction with phages
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 374659
TI  - [Recent progress in insulin biosynthesis (author's transl)].

PMID- 374660
TI  - Cognitive training interventions in children: review of a new approach.

PMID- 374661
TI  - Pathogenesis and clinical management of hyperuricemia and gout.

PMID- 374662
TI  - Hepatic cholesterol metabolism in normo- and hyperlipidemic patients with
      cholesterol gallstones.
AB  - In vivo studies have shown abnormalities in cholesterol and bile acid metabolism
      in primary hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP). The aim of the present investigation was
      to determine if the increased production of cholesterol in HLP type IV can be
      attributed to a correspondingly high level of the hepatic 3-hydroxy-3
      methylglutaryl (HMG) CoA reductase activity and if the low cholic acid:
      chenodeoxycholic acid synthesis ratio in HLP type II is due to some hydroxylase
      deficiency. Liver biopsies from 26 normolipidemic and 25 hyperlipidemic (10 type
      IIa, 6 type IIb, and 9 type IV) patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy were
      assayed for HMG CoA reductase activity, 12 alpha-hydroxylase activity, and 25
      hydroxylase activity. The HMG CoA reductase activity was normal in HLP type IIa
      and type IIb and was increased about twice HLP type IV (P less than 0.001). The
      12 alpha- and 25-hydroxylase activities were normal in all groups of patients.
      The results are compatible with a normal cholesterol synthesis in the liver in
      HLP type II. A reduced 12 alpha- or 25-hydroxylase activity cannot explain the
      low production of cholic acid relative to chenodeoxycholic acid in this type of
      HLP. The elevated HMG CoA reductase activity found in the liver of type IV
      patients may, however, be part of the explanation for the elevated synthesis of
      cholesterol often seen in these patients.

PMID- 374663
TI  - A singular perturbation approach to diffusion reaction equations containing a
      point source, with application to the hemolytic plaque assay.
AB  - Many cells secrete factors which diffuse and bind to receptors on neighboring
      cells. These processes can be described by a nonlinear diffusion equation with a
      point source and spatially distributed binding reaction. We show via perturbation
      analysis how approximate solutions can be obtained for such equations when the
      binding reaction is fast compared to diffusive transport. We base our analysis on
      an example which is of great practical importance in immunology, the hemolytic
      plaque technique.

PMID- 374665
TI  - Use of radioisotope labels to establish genetic relationships in free-ranging
      small mammals.

PMID- 374664
TI  - Dosage response of the vesicular, preputial, anal, and hip glands of the male
      vole, Microtus montanus, to testosterone propionate.

PMID- 374666
TI  - Obituary: Magnus Anton Degerbol--1895-1977.

PMID- 374667
TI  - An introduction to computer-assisted diagnosis.

PMID- 374668
TI  - Can any man do more? (A memorial to Dr. Fred P. Manget).

PMID- 374669
TI  - John Hunter and two Cherokee Indians.

PMID- 374670
TI  - Toward a reconstruction of medical morality: the primacy of the act of profession
      and the fact of illness.

PMID- 374671
TI  - The segregation of medical ethics: a problem in modern intellectual history.

PMID- 374672
TI  - Morphological changes in the endocrine pancreas in pregnant rats with
      experimental diabetes.
AB  - This present study has demonstrated that during normal pregnancy in the rat the
      number of beta-cells is increased (hyperplasia) and the volume of the individual
      beta-cells is increased (hypertrophy). During experimental diabetes, however, the
      endocrine pancreas has an impaired capacity to compensate during pregnancy. In
      the experimental diabetic pregnant rat the beta-cells cannot replicate due to the
      unfavourable metabolic environment. This could reflect the complications caused
      by diabetes during human pregnancy.

PMID- 374673
TI  - Effect of treatment with an agonist of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone on
      early maturational changes in pituitary and testicular function in the rat.
AB  - Male rats aged 30 days were injected once daily for between 1 and 7 days with 50
      ng (D-serine t-butyl6, des-glycine-NH210) luteinizing hormone releasing hormone
      ethylamide (LH-RH agonist), and pituitary and testicular function were assessed.
      Treatment for 7 days significantly (P less than 0.02) inhibited maturational
      increases in the pituitary content and serum concentration of gonadotrophins,
      testicular luteinizing hormone (LH)-receptor concentration and the testicular
      capacity to secrete testosterone; the pituitary content and serum concentration
      of prolactin, the hypothalamic content of LH-RH and testicular weight were
      unaffected. In rats treated with LH-RH agonist, the initial (2 to 3 days)
      reduction in testicular LH-receptors and the capacity to secrete testosterone
      probably resulted from acutely raised levels of LH in the blood, whilst later
      effects may have resulted from the apparently chronic reduction in serum
      gonadotrophin levels. The latter may reflect a decrease in pituitary
      responsiveness to repeated stimulation with LH-RH agonist. Despite the extensive
      loss of testicular LH-receptors and diminished responsiveness, the concentration
      of HCG which significantly (P less than 0.05) increased testosterone secretion by
      the testis in vitro was the same (2 pmol/l) as that for testes from control rats.

PMID- 374674
TI  - Effects of gonadal steroids on output of luteinizing hormone releasing factor
      into pituitary stalk blood in the female rat.

PMID- 374675
TI  - Appendicitis associated with recent barium study.
AB  - There have been several reports of "barium-induced" appendicitis in the
      literature. When confronted with a possible case of this phenomenon, a review of
      the literature on the subject was carried out. The suggestion is made that there
      is no evidence to support a cause-effect relationship between barium retained in
      the appendix and appendicitis. Diseased appendices can be marked by retained
      barium and a higher likelihood may then exist for the subsequent development of
      appendicitis. Following the finding of prolonged retention of barium after
      contrast study, it is recommended that the patient be instructed as to the
      possibility of developing symptoms of acute appendicitis. Patients who present
      with symptoms of appendicitis should be questioned as to history of recent barium
      study, and x-rays should be reviewed with the possibility of finding
      appendoliths.

PMID- 374676
TI  - Tick toxicosis in North America.
AB  - This is a case presentation and review of an uncommon disorder, tick toxicosis.
      The history, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment are discussed. This
      disorder was mentioned in diaries from the early 1800s and has been reported in
      18 states and the District of Columbia. A review of 70 cases reveals that the
      typical patient is a female child who develops leg weakness, irritability, or
      clumsiness. The exact site at which the toxin induces the paralysis is unknown.
      Removal of the tick usually reverses the paralysis within hours. Confusing tick
      toxicosis with other disorders may occur, and death has resulted. This article
      will remind physicians to consider tick toxicosis when seeing patients with acute
      ataxia or ascending paralysis and to, perhaps, prevent death from an easily
      treatable disorder.

PMID- 374677
TI  - Properties of R plasmid R772 and the corresponding pilus-specific phage PR772.
AB  - R plasmid R772 was isolated from a strain of Proteus mirabilis and is a self
      transmissible P-1 incompatibility group plasmid having a molecular weight of
      about 27 x 10(6). It renders bacterial hosts resistant to kanamycin. Phage PR772
      was isolated as a phage dependent on the presence of R772 in bacterial hosts. It
      is hexagonal-shaped with a diameter of 53 nm, has a thick inner membrane and no
      tail. Vaguely defined appendages are sometimes apparent at some vertices and the
      phage possesses double-stranded DNA. The DNA has a guanine plus cytosine molar
      content of 48%. The phage is sensitive to chloroform and has a buoyant density of
      1.26 g cm(-3). These observations suggested that the inner membrane of the phage
      could contain lipid. Phage PR772 differs in morphology from the double-stranded
      DNA plasmid-specific phages PR4 and PRR1 which adsorb to tips and sides,
      respectively, of sex pili coded for by P-1 incompatibility group plasmids. Phage
      PR772 formed clear plaques which varied in diameter. Serologically, phages PR772
      and PR4 are possibly related though very distantly, but the two phages have
      identical host ranges. Phage PR772 adsorbed by one of its apices to tips of sex
      pili coded for by plasmid R772 in Escherichia coli. It also formed plaques on
      Salmonella typhimurium Proteus morganii and Providence strains harbouring this
      plasmid as well as strains of E. coli carrying plasmids of incompatibility groups
      N or W. The phage produced areas of partial clearing on lawns of P. mirabilis
      PM5006 harbouring plasmid R772, the P-1 incompatibility group plasmid RP4, the W
      group plasmid RSa or the N group plasmid N3, and on lawns of Providence strain
      P29 carrying plasmid RP4.

PMID- 374678
TI  - The isolation and characterization of three types of vitamin B6 auxotrophs of
      Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - Approximately 500 vitamin B6 auxotrophs were isolated from 18 independent
      cultures of Escherichia coli strain CR63. None grew in minimal medium
      supplemented with 2'-hydroxypyridoxine. Eighteen auxotrophs which had arisen
      independently were further characterized. All of them were defective in vitamin
      B6 synthesis rather than in an aminotransferase involved in vitamin B6
      utilization. Two different phenotypes were recognized: 'Oxidase' mutants which
      grew only when supplied with pyridoxal or pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and 'Pre Pn'
      mutants which would also grow with pyridoxine or pyridoxine phosphate. "Oxidase'
      mutants were confined to a single linkage group, but data from interrupted mating
      experiments established that 'Pre Pn' mutants fall into two linkage groups which
      are possibly identical to pdxA and pdxB. All mutations in the in the pdxA region
      were allelic rather than located in two closely linked genes.

PMID- 374679
TI  - Synthesis of vitamin B6 by a mutant of Escherichia coli K12 and the action of 4'
      deoxypyridoxine.
AB  - Mutants of Escherichia coli K12 blocked in the oxidation of pyridoxine 5'
      phosphate ('Oxidase' mutants) excreted pyridoxine at an initial rate of 19 pmol h
      1 (10(8) bacteria)-1, i.e.0.6 nmol h-1 (mg dry wt)-1, when starved for pyridoxal.
      Glycolaldehyde, L-phosphoserine, DL-serine and, to a lesser extent, L-leucine
      stimulated the rate of pyridoxine excretion, but there was no significant
      stimulation by 2'-hydroxypyridoxine. 4'-Deoxypyridoxine inhibited or stimulated
      growth of the "Oxidase' mutant, depending on the relative concentrations of added
      pyridoxal and 4'-deoxypyridoxine. It was concluded that stimulation of growth by
      4'-deoxypyridoxine was due to its conversion to pyridoxal.

PMID- 374680
TI  - Uptake of trehalose by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Trehalose, a storage sugar of baker's yeast, is known not to be metabolized when
      added to a cell suspension in water or a growth medium and to support growth only
      after a lag of about 10 h. However, it was transported into cells by at least two
      transport systems, the uptake being active, with a pH optimum at 5.5. There was
      no stoicheiometry with the shift of protons into cells observed at high trehalose
      concentrations. Trehalose remained intact in cells and was not appreciably lost
      to a trehalose-free medium. The uptake systems were present directly after growth
      on glucose, then decayed with a half-life of about 25 min but could be
      reactivated by aerobic incubation with trehalose, maltose, alpha-methyl-D
      glucoside, glucose or ethanol. The uptake systems thus induced were different as
      revealed by competition experiments. At least one of the systems for trehalose
      uptake showed cooperative kinetics. Comparative anaysis with other disaccharides
      indicated the existence in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, after induction with
      trehalose, of at least four systems for the uptake of alpha-methyl-D-glucoside,
      four systems for maltose, together with the two for trehalose, variously shared
      by the sugars, the total of alpha-glucoside-transporting systems being five.

PMID- 374681
TI  - Ultrastructural changes in the cell wall of Candida albicans following cessation
      of growth and their possible relationship to the development of polyene
      resistance.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the wall of Candida albicans strain 6406 was examined in
      polyeneresistant organisms obtained by continued incubation after the cessation
      of growth. The walls of organisms harvested either during the exponential phase
      of growth or after 24 h starvation, when examined in situ, showed the typical
      layered appearance. After 72 h starvation, when the resistance to amphotericin B
      methyl ester (AME) was 60 times greater than that of exponentially growing
      organisms, both the periplasmic material and the distinct electron-dense layers
      were absent from the wall. At this stage there was no increase in the thickness
      of the wall. After 144 h starvation the thickness of the wall had increased from
      143 +/-22 nm (exponential phase organisms) to 211+/-58 nm. If after 144 h
      starvation the organisms were incubated for 1 h in fresh nutrient medium they
      regained their sensitivity to AME and the wall regained the periplasmic material
      and its characteristic multilayered appearance. During the first 24 h starvation
      there was a considerable fall in the soluble glucan fraction, but on continued
      incubation there was little change in the relative proportions of the major
      carbohydrate constituents of the cell. Thin sections of purified walls isolated
      from organisms harvested either during exponential growth or after 144 h
      starvation were identical in appearance and characterized by the absence of the
      electrondense layers observed in sections of intact cells and by a reduction in
      thickness to 100+/-20nm.

PMID- 374682
TI  - Division and death rates of Salmonella typhimurium inside macrophages: use of
      penicillin as a probe.
AB  - In mouse peritoneal macrophages infected in vitro with Salmonella typhimurium the
      number of viable bacteria and the number of stainable bacteria detected by light
      microscopy both increased at similar rates with a doubling time of more than 1 h.
      Antibiotics were not present; instead extracellular bacteria were removed by
      frequently rinsing the cells. The bacterial doubling time in the same medium in
      the absence of macrophages was about 20 min. Penicillin added to macrophage
      monolayers rapidly entered the macrophages, reaching a diffusion equilibrium. The
      penicillin-induced bacterial death rate appeared to depend on the bacterial
      division rate as well as on the penicillin concentration. These properties of
      penicillin were used to monitor intracellular bacterial division and death rates.
      The results indicated that intracellular killing, with the disappearance of
      stainable bacteria, did not contribute to the extended doubling time in
      macrophages. It was concluded that the intracellular environment of the bacteria
      was probably growth inhibitory but not bactericidal.

PMID- 374683
TI  - The study of Escherichia coli proteases. Intracellular serine protease of E. coli
      an analogue of bacillus proteases.
AB  - Two serine proteases in extracts of Escherichia coli grown to stationary phase
      were purified to homogeneity using affinity chromatography on gramicidin S
      Sepharose 4B. One enzyme was closely related to, if not identical with, the
      'trypsin-like' protease II of E. coli. The other was capable of cleaving the
      subtilisin chromogenic substrate N-carbobenzoxy-L-alanyl-L-alanyl-L-leucine-p
      nitroanilide and resembled the intracellular serine proteases of Bacillus spp.
      The amino acid composition of this E. coli protease was similar to that of the
      Bacillus licheniformis enzyme. These data indicate a relationship between
      proteolytic enzymes of evolutionary distant Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae and
      Gram-positive spore-forming Bacillus.

PMID- 374685
TI  - Localization of the Thy-1 antigen by immunofluorescence on neurons isolated from
      rat brain.

PMID- 374684
TI  - Sympathetic activity and transcendental meditation.
AB  - Ten male advanced meditators and ten male long-term meditators subjected
      themselves four times to slight physical exercise following a period of rest,
      meditation or reading. Daily urine excretions of catecholamines and VMA were
      determined in both groups. On the experimental days 4-hour urine specimens, one
      before and one after the experiments, were again collected for analysis. During
      the experiments blood pressure and heart rate were measured continuously and
      blood samples were taken for plasma catecholamine levels immediately before and
      after the physical exercise. Daily catecholamine and VMA excretions showed to be
      higher in advanced meditators. During the experiments the pattern of
      noradrenaline, adrenaline and VMA excretions were different in both groups, long
      term meditators showing a higher adrenaline excretion after exercise. After the
      resting period there was in both groups a similar increase of plasma
      catecholamine levels during exercise. However, after meditation the advanced
      meditators showed a significant increase in plasma noradrenaline and no further
      increase in plasma noradrenaline level during the following physical exercise.
      Also after the reading period differences between both groups in plasma
      catecholamine levels during exercise could be observed. In advanced meditators
      heart rate reduction after meditation was about 9% and diastolic blood pressure
      was slightly raised. The preceding conditions of rest, meditation or reading had
      a significant different influence on the behaviour of heart rate and blood
      pressure during the following physical exercise and this pattern was different
      for both groups.

PMID- 374686
TI  - GABA in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of different species. Effects of gamma
      acetylenic GABA, gamma-vinyl GABA and sodium valproate.

PMID- 374687
TI  - Cellular hypersensitivity to brain antigen in children of a family with
      hereditary ataxia.
AB  - Sensitisation to brain antigen was demonstrated in eight of 24 clinically normal
      first generation children in a family with hereditary ataxia. This ratio is
      consistent with that expected in a dominantly inherited condition. It suggests
      that immunological reactivity may precede the clinical expression of disease,
      with important implications for presymptomatic diagnosis and for pathogenesis of
      degenerative disease.

PMID- 374688
TI  - A computerized tomography-computer graphics approach to stereotaxic localization.
AB  - This paper describes the use of three-dimensional computer graphics to display
      structures visible in computerized tomography (CT) scans and to accurately
      determine optimum stereotaxic probe placement relative to those structures. A
      prototype Lucite stereotaxic frame designed for use in CT body scanners was
      fitted with a phantom consisting of small Lucite spheres representing
      intracranial tumors with diameters of 6 to 19 mm. A series of CT scans was
      obtained of the frame and phantom together. Edge outlines of the spheres were
      extracted from each scan in the series. A three-dimensional visual representation
      of the spheres was obtained by displaying their outlines from all CT scans. A
      superimposed visual simulation of the stereotaxic frame was adjusted
      interactively using several analog dials in order to simulate trajectory choice
      and probe depth before actual surgery. The frame settings and probe depth
      calculated by the graphical computer were then applied to the actual prototype
      frame in order to assess the accuracy of this combined CT-computer graphics
      approach to stereotaxic localization. The results of 22 such experiments and the
      implications for future clinical use of this new and precise localization
      technique are discussed.

PMID- 374689
TI  - Regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen utilization in superficial temporal
      middle cerebral artery anastomosis patients: an exploratory definition of
      clinical problems.
AB  - Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and regional cerebral oxygen utilization
      (rCMRO2) were measured before and after surgery in nine patients undergoing a
      superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) anastomosis to
      bypass cerebrovascular lesions not amenable to extracranial operative procedures.
      The objective of these studies was to determine whether measurements of this type
      could provide objective criteria for surgery as well as assess the effect of
      surgery. The preliminary data, although limited, suggest that measurements of
      regional cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism in these patients before and after
      surgery provide valuable data upon which to develop criteria and assess results.
      For example, 1) a significant depression of rCBF and rCMRO2 in patients in whom a
      major cerebral infarction has not occurred, or 2) relative preservation of rCMRO2
      despite depressed rCBF seem to be favorable indications for establishing a
      functioning STA-MCA anastomosis. In such patients, STA-MCA anastomosis can be
      followed by a return of rCBJ and rCMRO2 to virtually normal levels. Relatively
      normal rCBF and rCMRO2 in the presence of an occluded internal carotid artery in
      asymptomatic patients indicates satisfactory collateral circulation and is
      probably a contraindication to surgery.

PMID- 374690
TI  - ANA: a multipurpose, representative professional association.

PMID- 374691
TI  - Gladys June Everson (1909--1969). A biographical sketch.

PMID- 374692
TI  - Megavitamins and learning disorders: a controlled double-blind experiment.
AB  - The study investigated the effectiveness of large amounts of ascorbic acid,
      niacinamide, calcium pantothenate, and pyridoxine when added to a low
      carbohydrate-high protein diet with 20 learning disabled children. After a double
      blind, 6-month period of treatment, the addition of vitamins to the diet failed
      to produce significant improvements when compared to the diet alone on a variety
      of intellectual, school achievement, perceptual, and behavioral, measures.
      Regardless of their group assignment, 18 children showed improvements on a parent
      administered behavior checklist. However, without a diet-placebo control group,
      these gains may have been produced by parental enthusiasm or the children's
      maturation rather than dietary control. The children's urinary excretion of
      kryptopyrrole was unrelated to whether or not they showed pre-, post-test gains
      and, therefore, proved to be invalid as a screening test for "vitamin dependent
      (on pharmacologic doses) learning disorders."

PMID- 374693
TI  - Essential hormones as carcinogenic hazards.
AB  - Recently, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) proposed
      regulations regarding lists of environmental substances that allegedly pose
      potential occupational carcinogenic risk. Known carcinogens such as
      bis(chloromethyl) ether, along with natural substances such as estradiol,
      estriol, estrone, progesterone, tannic acid, maltose, and lactose, were included
      in the general OSHA list. Clear distinction between true hazards and essential
      endogenously formed biochemicals was not made. A major reappraisal of the OSHA
      list is essential. The revised document should indicate the conditions under
      which various classes of substances constitute human health hazards -- including
      dosage levels and routes of entry.

PMID- 374694
TI  - Toxicology of the sulfur oxides.
AB  - Continuing interest by OSHA-NIOSH and by EPA regarding the adequacy of current
      sulfur oxides standards has prompted a reappraisal of the available human and
      animal data. Results of animals studies were not considered to be useful in
      establishing the original air quality standards in 1970, even though there was
      good reason to consider them as a prime source of information. Considering the
      multitude of species tested, using every conceivable method of administration and
      range of doses, a fairly consistent pattern of effect has emerged. Further, the
      majority of the human clinical data and even the industrial data parallel and
      support the results found in the animal studies. However, neither the animal
      studies, the clinical investigations nor the industrial experiences agree with
      the recently reported community epidemiological studies that are currently
      receiving attention. It may well be that the toxicological data are correct in
      that there are no important long-term effects from exposure to the sulfur oxides.
      Certainly the laboratory studies, animal or human, do not support more stringent
      standards for either the occupational or the community environment.

PMID- 374695
TI  - Plaque accumulation following the wearing of different types of removable partial
      dentures.

PMID- 374696
TI  - Roentgenological detection of casting defects in cobalt-chromium alloy
      frameworks.
AB  - A method for non-destructive X-ray investigation of casting defects in cobalt
      chromium prosthetic frameworks has been developed and tested. The attenuation
      properties of a cobalt-chromium alloy were studied. A dental X-ray machine with a
      tube voltage working at 70 kVp and a focus-film distance of 45-50 cm on dental
      ultraspeed film made it possible to detect defects representing 10% or less of
      the thickness of cobalt-chromium details with dimensions between 0.6 and 3.0 mm.
      The frequency and site of internal defects in sixty-six frameworks were
      investigated. Of the sixty-six frameworks only two were without
      roentgenologically visible defects. In the other sixty-four frameworks 294 pores
      or cracks were recorded. The defects were mostly situated in the saddles.
      Porosities occurred in 53% of the saddlebar regions. The results confirmed the
      need for a non-destructive routine test of prosthetic frameworks.

PMID- 374697
TI  - The prosthodontic rehabilitation of selected adults class III malocclusions.
AB  - In a previous paper (Murray 1978) some of the problems associated with currently
      employed preoperative assessment aids were discussed. Techniques were described
      for establishing the occlusal vertical dimension of occlusion, and support for
      the upper lip. The incorporation of these treatment planning aids in the
      prosthodontic rehabilitation of two adult cases, with class III malocclusions, is
      reported.

PMID- 374698
TI  - Clinical study of a heat-cured silicone soft lining material.
AB  - Thirty-seven mandibular dentures lined with Molloplast B silicone material were
      examined after they had been worn for 2-8 weeks and 6, 18 and 30 months. The
      denture wearers were also examined and interviewed. The colour was found to have
      become lighter in 46% and turned yellow or brown in 51%; the denture base had
      worn through in 24% and there was a failure on bond in 22%; no hardening of the
      material was noted; 24% of the dentures had broken. An unusual taste was reported
      by 22% and smell by 14% of the denture wearers; mucosal soreness was noted in
      14%; denture stomatitis developed in 48%; hygiene was poor in 61% and fungal
      growth was traced in 81% of the dentures; 73% of the patients were satisfied with
      the soft lining.

PMID- 374700
TI  - Immediate and early cerebral seizures after head injuries. Part IV.

PMID- 374699
TI  - Mucosal graft vestibuloplasty over a xenograft: report of case.
AB  - A case is described that demonstrates the use of DDBB to eliminate an anterior
      undercut in the augmentation in the edentulous mandible. Subsequent vestibular
      extension using a free mucosal graft was performed superficially to the xenograft
      bed. This material is extremely useful because it is biologically bonded to
      underlying bone and is not jeopardized by a second surgical procedure in the
      graft region.

PMID- 374701
TI  - [Soluble protein antigen uptake by human tonsils (author's transl)].

PMID- 374703
TI  - A longitudinal study of combined periodontal and prosthetic treatment of patients
      with advanced periodontal disease.

PMID- 374704
TI  - Increase of endotoxin concentration in gingival washings during experimental
      gingivitis in man.

PMID- 374705
TI  - Periodontal status of patients with reduced immunocapacity.
AB  - The periodontal status of patients with reduced immunocapacity was assessed.
      Gingival inflammation, periodontal destruction, and plaque accumulation were
      compared in three groups--renal transplant patients, dialysis patients, and
      normal individuals. The levels of all parameters were similar in the three groups
      indicating that immunosuppression does not affect the clinical appearance of
      periodontal disease when measurements are made in a single examination. In the
      transplant group, however, there is a lack of correlation between P.I. and G.I.
      and between P.I. and P.D.I., indicating a dissociation between plaque
      accumulation and the tissue response. Long-term longitudinal studies of
      periodontal disease in such patients are needed in order to obtain more
      meaningful information on the role of the immune system in affecting the rate of
      periodontal destruction. This study suggests that nonimmune mechanisms such as
      the direct effect of bacterial products on supporting tissues can account for at
      least some of the clinical manifestations of periodontal disease.

PMID- 374702
TI  - Long-term ocular changes in cystinosis: observations in renal transplant
      recipients.
AB  - Following renal transplantation in nephropathic cystinosis, an extension of
      retinopathy associated with a variety of subtle functional ocular abnormalities
      may occur. However, these abnormalities have not (except for photophobia) been of
      subjective significance to cystinotic patients. Our data, gathered from patients
      transplanted as long as nine years ago, indicate that cystinotic patients should
      not have renal transplant withheld because of the fear of subsequent progressive
      ocular deterioration.

PMID- 374708
TI  - Phenazines with two cationic side chains as potential antimalarials.
AB  - 1,9-Phenazine-bis(dialkylaminocarboxamides) were prepared for screening as
      potential antimalarials. No significant activity against Plasmodium berghei was
      observed. The phenazine targets were prepared from 1,9-phenazinedicarboxylic acid
      by standard methods. The reaction between 1,9-phenazinedicarboxylic acid and
      thionyl chloride in the presence of dimethylformamide unexpectedly gave 4-chloro
      1,9-phenazinedicarbonyl chloride.

PMID- 374706
TI  - Tooth staining effects of an alexidine mouthwash.
AB  - The primary purpose of this study was to determine the amount of tooth staining
      produced by an alexidine mouthrinse. One hundred and eighty subjects rinsed twice
      daily for 1 month with either 15 ml of alexidine (0.035%) or a placebo solution.
      Prior to the study, the subjects were classified according to their smoking,
      coffee and tea drinking habits and these factors were subsequently considered in
      the analysis of the stain scores. Additionally, the effects on staining of a
      prior prophylaxis and the use of a fluoridated toothpaste during the study were
      determined. Upon termination of the study, subjects utilizing the active
      mouthrinse manifested a greater degree of staining than placebo users. The amount
      and intensity of the stain due to alexidine were not influenced (increased) by
      smoking, tea or coffee drinking habits. A prior prophylaxis did not reduce the
      staining propensity of alexidine users. The method of scoring developed can be
      used to assess the degree of tooth staining induced by antiplaque agents.

PMID- 374707
TI  - Damaging effects of toothbrush bristle end form on gingiva.
AB  - The ability of two different toothbrush bristle ends to produce traumatic
      gingival abrasion was assessed in a double blind study of 15 male and 15 female
      young adults. Brushing was performed in a circular fashion using a modified Bass
      Technique. An apparatus allowing continuous visual feedback of the average
      brushing force permitted a degree of standardization of the system. The upper
      left canine and bicuspid area had to be brushed for 30 seconds with cut
      toothbrush bristles (CP) and with round ended toothbrush bristles (RP)
      respectively. A two week interval separated the two brushing sessions. Traumatic
      lesions of the attached gingiva were stained with a disclosing solution,
      photographed and evaluated planimetrically. The "cut bristles" caused gingival
      abrasions 30% greater in extent than the round end bristles. The difference was
      not due to single brushing strokes accidentally greater for the "cut bristles".
      The size of the lesions was not sex dependent. To prevent gingival damage it is
      desirable to either round the bristles in production or to rid the bristle ends
      at least of sharp edges.

PMID- 374709
TI  - The anterior point of reference.
AB  - Three points in space determine the position of the maxillary cast in an
      articulator. The dentist is most frequently concerned with selecting the
      posterior two of the three reference points. In addition, the dentist will,
      either consciously or unknowingly, select the anterior of these points of
      reference. This decision will affect the development of occlusion and esthetics.
      The dentist and the auxiliaries must share a common objective in using an
      anterior point of reference. Five commonly used anterior points of reference and
      the reasons for the use of each have been discussed.

PMID- 374710
TI  - Complete dentures using the TMJ articulator.
AB  - A method of recording mandibular movements in a stereographic recording and a
      method of registering these movements by molding the controls in an articulator
      are described. Mandibular registrations are made using impressions rather than
      stabilized trial denture bases. The TMJ articulator used in the technique
      complies with all of the requirements of an articulator for prosthodontic
      treatment as outlined by the Academy of Denture Prosthetics.

PMID- 374711
TI  - Structural changes for speech improvement in complete upper denture fabrication.
AB  - In the absence of any clearly identifiable pathologic condition, the
      prosthodontic patient demonstrating speech problems after insertion of complete
      dentures is having difficulty with loss of turbulence, because of the diminution
      of tactile location skills in speaking, or both. Potential aids to speech
      improvement are a nonanatomic papilla placed on the oral surface of the denture
      just posterior to the location of the incisive papilla, a transversely elongated
      rugae-like papilla at about the same location, a roughened region at that spot,
      or an identation sufficient for the patient's tongue to identify. The location
      and effectiveness of such structural changes can be planned and judged with the
      cooperation of a qualified speech pathologist.

PMID- 374712
TI  - The effect of various clasping systems on the mobility of abutment teeth for
      distal-extension removable partial dentures.
AB  - Three clasping systems were placed in five patients, and measurements of abutment
      tooth mobility were made. These data were compared to previously established
      baselines and statistically analyzed. The findings of the study are: 1. There was
      no difference in abutment tooth mobility during the 4-week test period with each
      of the three clasping systems. The important factor may have been the fit of the
      distal-extension denture base over the residual ridge, which provides the
      stability to prevent increases in abutment mobility. 2. Any mobility increases
      were in a buccal direction only, or toward the flexible retentive clasp arm.
      There was never any change in lingual mobility. 3. All five patients chose the I
      bar retainer as the design of choice due to its increased resistance to
      dislodgment.  Periodic recall of distal-extension removable partial denture
      patients is mandatory to ensure proper stress distribution and prevent increases
      in abutment tooth mobility.

PMID- 374713
TI  - The relationship of pattern position to the flow of gold and casting
      completeness.
AB  - To minimize the possibility of incomplete casting due to improper pattern
      orientation relative to the sprue and direction of the casting arm motion, the
      following precautions should be taken. 1. Locate the pattern in the trailing half
      of the casting ring 90 to 135 degrees away from the sprue position. 2. Once the
      pattern is in the position described, locate it downward in the lower outer
      quarter of the trailing half of the casting ring and secure it in that position.
      3. Mark the ring or sprue former so that the invested pattern can be oriented
      properly in the casting arm. 4. When using an electric casting machine, be
      certain that the pyrometer is correct. If in doubt, it is advisable to check the
      melt state of the gold before casting.

PMID- 374714
TI  - Temperature rise in pulp chamber during fabrication of temporary self-curing
      resin crowns.

PMID- 374715
TI  - Fabrication of removable stone dies using cemented dowel pins.
AB  - Proper dowel pin placement in the working cast is important in the fabrication of
      a cast restoration. A technique is suggested whereby the dowel pin is orientated
      and cemented after the working cast has been separated from the impression. This
      procedure produces a working die that has a correctly positioned dowel pin, is
      stable, and can be repeatedly returned to its original relationship. A technique
      is suggested whereby the dowel pin is orientated and cemented after the working
      cast has been separated from the impression. This procedure produces a working
      die that has a correctly positioned dowel pin, is stable, and can be repeatedly
      returned to its original relationship.

PMID- 374716
TI  - Gold occlusal surfaces for acrylic resin denture teeth.

PMID- 374717
TI  - A reassessment of the mandibular transverse horizontal axis therory.
AB  - 1. Within the limits of accuracy imposed by individual operators, equipment, and
      patient variations, a single transverse horizontal axis can usually appear to be
      located. 2. Location of a kinematic axis is worthwhile clinical procedure to
      transfer an arc of rotation in the sagittal plane from the patient to an
      articulator. 3. Past experiments have been useful, but none have proved or
      disproved the presence of colinear or noncolinear condyle arcs. Only the arc of
      the rigid clutch and its associated mechanism is located. Such an apparent arc
      may result from the resolution of compound condylar movements. 4. The right angle
      nonright angle concept is misleading and generally is not applicable to clinical
      procedures. 5. The anatomic asymmetries of the axis transfer procedure may result
      in cast dislocations that may produce undesirable alterations in esthetic tooth
      positions. 6. The single transverse horizontal axis as a fact in articulating
      instruments and as a theory in the human craniomandibular complex. 7. The terms
      "transverse horizontal mandibular axis" and "intercondylar axis" should not be
      confused or used as synonyms. The term "transverse horizontal mandibular axis"
      ("hinge axis") should be used instead of "condylar" or "intercondylar" axis.

PMID- 374718
TI  - Geometric analysis of tooth arrangement.
AB  - Based on the principles of solid geometry and projection geometry, a mathematical
      system can be used to indicate any positional change of tooth arrangement on a
      trial denture. To summarize: 1. When you move a tooth, you have to know whether
      you move the tooth toward the patient's left side or right side (x), upward or
      downward (y), anteriorly or posteriorly (z), and how many millimeters in each
      component dimension. If rotatory movements are involved, you must know whether
      the tooth rotates around the mesiodistal axis (+/-M), around the faciolingual
      axis (+/-F), or around the gingivo-occlusal axis (+/-G). You must know the
      degrees of rotation around each of the component axes and whether the movement is
      clockwise or counterclockwise. Most students will easily follow this systemic
      approach and readily understand the complexity of the problem.

PMID- 374719
TI  - Reinforced matrices for pin-amalgam restorations reduce microleakage.
AB  - The considerable decrease in microkeakage in the compound-reinforced restorations
      may be due to the tighter fit of the matrix band at the gingival wall of the
      preparation, which allows better condensation and marginal sealing of the
      restoration. The compound prevents lateral migration of the band during
      condensation pressures.

PMID- 374720
TI  - Temperature change caused by reducing pins in dentin.
AB  - Pin temperature increases (heat generation) was prevented by an air-water
      coolant. Pin height adjustment with an ultraspeed instrument using air-water
      coolant produces no potentially injurious heat generation.

PMID- 374721
TI  - A study of the relationship of the dental midline to the facial median line.
AB  - This report presents the results of an original investigation designed to
      determine (1) the prevalence in the natural dentition of a maxillary midline
      located in the exact middle of the mouth using the philtrum as the most reliable
      guide and (2) the percentage of people in whom the maxillary and mandibular
      midlines precisely coincide with each other. Results indicate that the midline is
      situated in the exact middle of the mouth in approximately 70% of people and that
      the maxillary and mandibular midlines fail to coincide in almost three fourths of
      the population.

PMID- 374722
TI  - Repair of porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations.
AB  - Three techniques have been described which may be used to repair many porcelain
      fused-to-metal restorations. These techniques provide an avenue of repair for
      extensive porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations without remaking the entire
      prosthesis. The success of the overlay and pin-retained ceramo-metal repairs
      should be comparable to that of a newly constructed porcelain-fused-to-metal
      restoration. The composite resin bonded to porcelain repair technique will not
      have as favorable a prognosis, as composite resins are more subject to wear and
      are not color stable, and the chemical bond created with silance bonding agents
      is much weaker than the bond created when porcelain is fused to metal. Success of
      silance-bonded repairs should not be expected for periods longer than 2 to 3
      years.

PMID- 374723
TI  - A 2-year longitudinal study of overdenture patients. Part I: incidence and
      control of caries on overdenture abutments.

PMID- 374724
TI  - Blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory responses to a single session of
      relaxation: a partial replication.

PMID- 374725
TI  - Urinary tract infection in women.

PMID- 374726
TI  - The evolution of therapeutics: Osler's therapeutic nihilism and the changing
      pharmacopoeia. The Osler oration, 1978.

PMID- 374727
TI  - The changing face of surgery.

PMID- 374728
TI  - Examination of living Sertoli cells in normal and hypospermatogenic men.
AB  - The functional state of living Sertoli cells can be assessed by using
      transillumination and phase-contrast microscopy. In tissue from hypospermatogenic
      men the Sertoli cells contained more lipid droplets than in normal cases and
      sometimes whole degenerative cells.

PMID- 374729
TI  - Testis development in the vole, Microtus agrestis, subjected to long or short
      photoperiods from birth.
AB  - Voles exposed to long photoperiods (16L:8D) from birth became sexually mature at
      40-45 days and remained so up to the end of the experiment at 6 months of age. In
      short photoperiods development was inhibited up to 60 days but the majority of
      males became sexually mature between 4 and 6 months of age.

PMID- 374730
TI  - Immunology in reproduction.

PMID- 374731
TI  - Hysteroscopic removal of a Heyman radium capsule.
AB  - This case report demonstrates the use of the hysteroscope for the localization
      and removal of a missing Heyman radium capsule in a patient with endometrial
      carcinoma. There has been much recent interest in the use of the hysteroscope for
      therapeutic purposes in clinical gynecology. This case report emphasizes the
      value of this instrument in patient care.

PMID- 374733
TI  - The Journal of Rheumatology after five years.

PMID- 374732
TI  - A new method for quantitation of cell-mediated immunity in the mouse.

PMID- 374735
TI  - Measuring the attainment of primary care.
AB  - Specification of the characteristics unique to primary care, as distinguished
      from secondary and tertiary care, has been difficult. Descriptions based upon the
      nature of problems actually seen by practitioners or those based upon the way in
      which patients come for care do not adequately distinguish primary care from
      nonprimary care. Definitions of primary care have stressed its first-contact
      aspects, coordinating features, comprehensiveness, and longitudinality. While
      these phenomena are adequate as gross descriptors, the inability to quantify them
      reduces their usefulness to planners and evaluators. Offered as a solution to
      this problem is a model which permits these descriptors to be defined as specific
      interrelationships among separate aspects of the structure (accessibility, range
      of services, identification of the eligible population, and continuity), process
      (utilization and problem recognition), and outcome of care.

PMID- 374736
TI  - The role of psychiatry in Western European medical education.
AB  - During 1976-77 the authors studied psychiatric education in Western Europe,
      visiting university centers in 10 countries. Medical education in various
      European countries has developed out of different traditions. The significance of
      these for the present educational systems are discussed and the differences from
      the U.S. curriculum clarified. Psychiatry until recently in Europe has been
      dominated by a phenomenological approach. It has not assumed the same importance
      in the curriculum as in the United States. However, since the student revolts of
      1968, there have been major reforms in teaching, including changes in the role of
      psychiatry in medical education and increased attention to social and
      psychological factors in health and disease.

PMID- 374734
TI  - Stimulation of lymphocyte reactivity by a low molecular weight cutaneous antigen
      in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma).
AB  - A low molecular weight cutaneous antigen was found to stimulate the release of
      macrophage migration inhibition factor from circulating lymphocytes of patients
      with diffuse scleroderma. The antigen had a molecular weight of approximately
      3,500 and contained RNA and polypeptides, but no hydroxyproline. Lymphocytes from
      patients with the CREST syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and from normal controls
      did not respond to the antigen. An immune response to this antigen may be a
      factor in the pathogenesis of diffuse scleroderma.

PMID- 374737
TI  - Dr. Blane's prescription.

PMID- 374738
TI  - Rehabilitation in burns.

PMID- 374739
TI  - DNA intermediates at the Escherichia coli replication fork. II. Studies using dut
      and ung mutants in vitro.

PMID- 374740
TI  - Escherichia coli ribosomes bind to non-initiator sites of Q beta RNA in the
      absence of formylmethionyl-tRNA.

PMID- 374741
TI  - Size distribution of DNA replicative intermediates in bacteriophage P4 and in
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 374742
TI  - Restriction insensitivity in bacteriophage T5. III. Characterization of EcoRI
      sensitive mutants by restriction analysis.

PMID- 374743
TI  - A DNA sequence cleaved by restriction endonuclease R.EcoRI in only one strand.

PMID- 374744
TI  - Evidence that Escherichia coli 30 S ribosomal subunit populations are
      conformationally heterogeneous.

PMID- 374745
TI  - Construction and characterization of a plasmid containing a nearly full-size DNA
      copy of bacteriophage MS2 RNA.

PMID- 374746
TI  - Identification of the translocatable element IS1 in a molecular chimera
      constructed with plasmid pBR322 DNA into which a bacteriophage MS2 DNA copy was
      inserted by the poly(dA).poly(dT) linker method.

PMID- 374748
TI  - Caring for the elderly. Psychological aging: aspects of normal personality and
      development in old age. Part II. Erik Erikson: resolutions of psychosocial tasks.

PMID- 374747
TI  - A unique pattern of toxic synthesis in pentitol catabolism: implications for
      evolution.
AB  - All of our Escherichia coli C mutants blocked in the first step of D-arabitol
      catabolism (D-arabitol dehydrogenase) became unable to grow in the presence of D
      arabitol. We have shown that this sensitivity is eliminated by a defect in the
      second enzyme of the pathway (D-xylulokinase), leading to a pattern of toxicity
      and its relief which has not been previously reported. We have found a similar
      pattern of toxicity and its relief in the closely related ribitol pathway. The
      evolutionary significance of these findings is discussed.

PMID- 374749
TI  - Hyphal tip cell ultrastructure of the fungus Fusarium: improved preservation by
      freeze-substitution.

PMID- 374750
TI  - [Urological treatments before and after kidney transplantations].
AB  - The repair of pre-existing bladder sphincter lesions in patients excluded from
      kidney transplant programs, and the recovery of grafts threatened by ureteral
      complications, are favourable influences in establishing equilibrium between
      dialysis and transplantation. In a series of 74 kidney transplants, two patients
      were able to receive grafts: one after the reconstruction of an ileal tube and
      the other after bladder diverticulectomy and resection of the bladder neck. Two
      other grafts, complicated by ureteral necrosis, were able to be conserved
      following a uretero-ureterostomy in the first case, and a psoic bladder in the
      second. These repair operations are discussed from three points of view:
      incidence, procedures, and complications. Advances made in transplanting kidneys
      encourage its use in patients who were previously excluded from receiving
      transplants because of bladder sphincter lesions. These lesions can be the cause
      of a renal insufficiency, or those associated with the original kidney disease.
      This group of patients represents 3 to 5% of the population of patients on
      permanent dialysis who respond to the other criteria for inclusion in the lists
      of potential receivers of kidney transplants: some of them could benefit from the
      graft if their lesions were treated by the standard urological methods.
      Furthermore, 5 to 8% of those with kidney transplants could lose the grafted
      kidney, which is immunologically tolerated, because of urological complications.
      As with patients in the first category, they also could obtain benefit from
      repair procedures on the urinary tract. A total of 74 kidney grafts were
      performed in the Sheba medical Center between March 1971 and July 1977: two
      patients were able to benefit from preventive urological procedures before
      transplantation: two others with grafts developed ureteral complications and were
      benefited by therapeutic procedures rarely used in kidney transplantation cases.

PMID- 374751
TI  - Clinical implications of ureteral physiology.

PMID- 374752
TI  - Renal transplantation in Reye's syndrome: fate of the recipient--a case report.
AB  - A case is reported of a successful transplant of kidneys from a 15-month-old girl
      who died of complications of Reye's syndrome. The patient is well 28 months after
      the transplant and, despite treatment for 2 rejection episodes, there had been no
      increase in viral serologic titers nor evidence of the clinical viral syndrome.
      The literature on renal transplantation in Reye's syndrome as well as Reye's
      syndrome itself is reviewed. The world literature on this subject is sparse and
      this case is presented to give support and justification for the use of Reye's
      syndrome cadaver donors.

PMID- 374753
TI  - Re: evaluation of a dip-slide in a university outpatient service.

PMID- 374754
TI  - Treatment of solitary and bilateral renal carcinomas.
AB  - Recent experience with 7 patients, as well as a review of the literature,
      indicates that partial nephrectomy provides satisfactory treatment of solitary
      and bilateral renal adenocarcinomas. Patient survival seems to be dependent on
      the adequacy of tumor resection and not on the fate of the contralateral kidney.
      Total nephrectomy, dialysis and subsequent transplantation are viable
      alternatives when it is technically not possible to preserve adequate renal
      parenchyma.

PMID- 374755
TI  - Malignancy in uremia: dialysis versus transplantation.
AB  - The incidence of cancer was compared in 499 dialysis patients and 121 renal
      transplant recipients. De novo malignancy developed in 15 patients on chronic
      dialysis (3 per cent) and in 6 transplant recipients (4.9 per cent), a
      significant increase over the expected number in the age-matched general
      population. There was no difference in the incidence of cancer in uremic patients
      on dialysis or after transplantation. A total of 10 dialysis patients (67 per
      cent) and 1 transplant patient (16 per cent) died of cancer. Neoplasms in the
      dialysis patients were the common types of mesenchymal tumors, while superficial
      skin cancers were seen more frequently in the transplant recipients. The
      differences in tumor types accounted for the higher mortality rate from cancer in
      the dialysis patients and may reflect different patterns of immunosuppression in
      these 2 patient populations.

PMID- 374756
TI  - JAMA reference directories.

PMID- 374757
TI  - Tick-borne relapsing fever in Colorado. Historical review and report of cases.
AB  - Since 1915 the front range of the Colorado Rocky Mountains has been postulated as
      a focus of endemic tick-borne relapsing fever. However, the disease has rarely
      been identified: only two cases have been reported in Colorado since 1944. Three
      sporadic cases in 1977--tightly grouped geographically and temporally--prompted
      an epidemiologic review. Tick-borne relapsing fever should be considered in the
      differential diagnosis of recurrent paroxysmal fever--with or without known
      presence of ticks--whenever exposure in an endemic area is part of a patient's
      history.

PMID- 374758
TI  - A natural resource. Prevalence of cadaver organs for transplantation and
      research.
AB  - To determine the prevalence of potential cadaver kidney, eye, and research-tissue
      donors in a tertiary referral hospital, the charts of 718 patients who died were
      studied. We found a potential kidney-donor rate of 2.4 per 100 hospital deaths, a
      potential eye-donor rate of 45.4 per 100 deaths, and a potential pancreas-donor
      rate of 26.5 per 100 deaths. In the study year, 20 potential cadaver kidney
      donors were projected, theoretically meeting the needs of the transplantation
      center. Recognized potential eye and pancreas donors were remarkably numerous.
      Effective education, surveillance, and procurement programs are necessary to
      salvage these potential donor tissues.

PMID- 374759
TI  - Wood fibers from disposable surgical gowns and drapes.

PMID- 374760
TI  - 1979-80 Fishbein fellows.

PMID- 374761
TI  - Combined amphotericin B-flucytosine therapy in Aspergillus pneumonia.
AB  - The incidence of aspergillosis is increasing while the prognosis remains dismal.
      Standard single-drug therapy with amphotericin B offers unacceptably low cure
      rates. A patient with Aspergillus pneumonia was treated with a synergistic
      combination of amphotericin B and flucytosine. A prompt clinical response and
      progressive resolution of the infection were observed. Combination therapy
      appeared to decrease the dose of amphotericin B needed for effective therapy. It
      may provide improved results with decreased toxic effects.

PMID- 374762
TI  - Pierre Curie and Marie Curie-Sklodowska.

PMID- 374763
TI  - Penicillin levels in blood and CSF achieved by treatment of syphilis.
AB  - Treponemicidal levels of penicillin in the CSF were not obtained following
      intramuscular (IM) injections of 600,000 IU of penicillin G procaine along with
      2% aluminum monostearate (PAM). Treponemicidal levels of penicillin in the CSF
      were achieved in 31 patients by probenecid, 500 mg/6 hr by mouth, with penicillin
      G, 500,000 IU by IM injection, and by probenecid every six hours by mouth and IM
      injections of penicillin G procaine once a day in two of three patients following
      injections of 600,000 IU, in four of five following 1.2 million IU, and in three
      (now all nine) following 2.4 million IU.

PMID- 374764
TI  - Niels Stensen.

PMID- 374766
TI  - Dr. Moshe Sneh.

PMID- 374765
TI  - JAMA reference directories.

PMID- 374767
TI  - Risk of pneumococcal infections in renal transplant patients.
AB  - Because of the recent licensing of pneumococcal vaccine, the risk of pneumococcal
      infections on a renal transplant service was determined. The overall risk of
      infection was 7% (14 of 197 patients) over a six-year period, or 1% per year. In
      patients with functioning allografts, this represented a risk of 28 infections
      per 1,000 patient-years of follow-up. Clinically, the major presentations of
      pneumococcal infection were pneumonia in the patient who was rejecting his kidney
      and pneumococcemia of sudden onset that was often fatal. Five of the pneumococci
      isolated from bacteremic patients were typed; three of the isolates were types
      that are in the vaccine. The frequency and seriousness of pneumococcal infections
      in renal transplant patients suggest that pneumococcal vaccine should be given to
      these patients, probably before transplantation.

PMID- 374768
TI  - Lung sounds through the ages. From Hippocrates to Laennec to Osler.

PMID- 374769
TI  - Cooperative clofibrate trial.

PMID- 374770
TI  - Evidence for tuberculosis in a prehistoric population.

PMID- 374771
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXVI].

PMID- 374772
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CXLX.

PMID- 374773
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXVII].

PMID- 374774
TI  - [Bactericidal activity of amoxicillin. In vitro bactericidal activity and
      therapeutic effect for experimental infections (author's transl)].

PMID- 374775
TI  - [Evaluation of antimicrobial agents change of bacteria in the urine. Comparison
      of cefatrizine and cephalexin (author's transl)].

PMID- 374776
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CLI.

PMID- 374777
TI  - Influence on blood pressure of renal isografts between spontaneously hypertensive
      and normotensive rats, utilizing the F1 hybrids.
AB  - The F1 hybrids (F1) of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar rats (W),
      whose kidneys were transplanted from SHR at the age of 10 weeks and 20 weeks,
      showed significant elevation of blood pressure (BP) for 11 weeks after the
      transplantation. In F1 with W or F1 kidneys BP was decreased near to the normal
      level. F1 whose kidneys were transplanted from SHR or W showed low renin activity
      both in plasma and the kidney. It is suggested that BP of SHR is probably
      determined by the renal pro-hypertensive factor(s) other than renin influencing
      on sympathetic nerves through central nervous systems.

PMID- 374779
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 374778
TI  - Change of P-Q intervals of the electrocardiogram in the rat hearts sensitized
      with the killed group A streptococci.
AB  - Prolongation of P-Q interval in the anesthetized rat was observed by repeated
      injection of killed group A streptococci. The prolongation was clearly recognized
      at about the 11th week after the first injection, but afterwards P-Q interval
      recovered to the normal level in spite of continuous injection of killed
      streptococci. His bundle electrogram recorded from isolated heart revealed the
      prolongation of A-H interval in the treated rat. Moreover, the transmembrane
      action potential in the atrioventricular nodal region of treated rat was slightly
      deteriorated, but the action potentials in the other cardiac muscles were not
      changed. It was deduced from the above results that P-Q prolongation was
      transiently brought about by the injection of killed group A streptocci and that
      deterioration of muscle in the atrioventricular nodal region might take a main
      part in the P-Q prolongation.

PMID- 374780
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 374781
TI  - [Cotransport of sodium and C1-].

PMID- 374782
TI  - [Cotransport of sodium, HC03- and H+].

PMID- 374783
TI  - [Cotransport of sodium, sugar and amino acids].

PMID- 374784
TI  - [Cotransport of sodium and organic acid].

PMID- 374785
TI  - [Renal hemodynamics].

PMID- 374786
TI  - [Mineralocorticoids and sodium regulation].

PMID- 374787
TI  - [Factors related to natriuresis and anti-natriuresis. Prostaglandins].

PMID- 374788
TI  - [Factors related to natriuresis and anti-natriuresis. Kallikrein system].

PMID- 374789
TI  - [Catecholamines and sodium metabolism--dopamine as a natriuretic hormone].

PMID- 374790
TI  - [Factors related to natriuresis and anti-natriuresis. Sex hormones].

PMID- 374792
TI  - [Essential hypertension].

PMID- 374793
TI  - [Sodium metabolism in renovascular hypertension].

PMID- 374791
TI  - [Primary aldosteronism--aldosterone-induced sodium storing hypertension--symptoms
      and differential diagnosis].

PMID- 374794
TI  - [Edematous diseases].

PMID- 374795
TI  - [History of bacteriology in Japan (29)].

PMID- 374796
TI  - [Comparative physiology of the motor system of vertebrates, with special
      reference to locomotive functions].

PMID- 374797
TI  - [Interactions of motor neurons and skeletal muscles--axotomy and regeneration].

PMID- 374800
TI  - Tyzzer's disease.

PMID- 374798
TI  - [History of bacteriology in Japan (30)].

PMID- 374799
TI  - [Systemic effects of topical application of beclomethasone dipropionate-
      comparative studies with betamethasone 17-valerate ointment and fluocinonide
      cream (author's transl)].

PMID- 374801
TI  - Membrane receptors of human erythrocytes for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
AB  - The binding specificity of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was investigated by
      inhibition experiments of the binding of 3H-labelled Escherichia coli
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) AND 3H-labelled Salmonella minnesota R595 glycolipid and
      lipid A to human erythrocytes using various glycoproteins as inhibitors. PAS-1
      glycoprotein and band-3 glycoprotein of human erythrocyte membranes exerted
      strong inhibitory activity. To characterize membrane receptors for LPS,
      solubilized membranes of human erythrocytes were subjected to affinity
      chromatography with an affinity adsorbent prepared by coupling S. minnesota R595
      glycolipid to activated Sepharose 4B. Band-3 and PAS-1 glycoproteins were
      identified as major receptor sites.

PMID- 374802
TI  - Heterophile antibodies in the sera from renal transplant recipients.
AB  - Microcytotoxicity tests with the sera from renal transplant recipients against
      cultured B-cell lines were performed by using guinea pig complement. Out of 106
      sera, 18 sera showed strong cytotoxicity against cultured cell lines. The same
      results were obtained by using normal human serum as a complement source. These
      sera did not show any cytotoxicity against normal peripheral T- and B
      lymphocytes. On the other hand, the sera containing the cytotoxicity against
      cultured B-cell lines were found to have high-titered heterophile antibodies
      against bovine red blood cells (BRBC) when hemolysis in agar gel with guinea pig
      complement was used. The sera without cytotoxicity did not have high-titered
      heterophile antibodies. The sera with cytotoxicity against cultured B-cell lines
      reacted in the same way against both human tonsilar lymphocytes cultured with the
      medium containing fetal calf serum and human serum. Therefore, the antigenicity
      of cultured cells was not affected by the fetal calf serum in the culture medium.
      After absorption with BRBC, the sera lost their cytotoxicity against cultured
      cells. Hemolysins in the sera were almost completely removed after absorption of
      the sera with cultured cells. From these results, it seemed apparent that the
      sera from renal transplant recipients contained heterophile antibodies which
      reacted with the cells of some cultured B-cell lines and tonsilar lymphocytes.

PMID- 374803
TI  - Progressive and fatal infection with attenuated Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) in nude
      mice.
AB  - Congenitally athymic nude mice (nu/nu) were infected intravenously with
      Mycobacterium bovis BCG Japanese strain under specified pathogen-free (SPF) or
      germ-free (GF) conditions. SPF euthymic litter mates (nu/+) serving as controls
      were found to tolerate the infection well, while SPF nu/nu mice following
      infection of 3 X 10(7) organisms died by week-36. Animals having received a very
      small dose (3 X 10(0) of organisms and their non-infected cage mates showed no
      evidence of infection at week 37 post-infection. Time-course observations carried
      out on SPF and GF nu/nu mice following infection with 10(5) or 10(6) organisms
      revealed that the number of organisms in the liver and spleen reached 10(6) to
      10(7) viable units per organ at week 12 and this level was maintained for 50
      weeks post-infection. Bacillary counts in the kidney and lung increased
      progressively and reached a level of 10(7) to 10(8) at the terminal stage of
      infection. In the liver, spleen and lymph nodes of nu/nu mice, granulomas were
      noted 12 weeks postinfection. The granulomas were composed of macrophages and
      accompanied by slight infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells and a small
      number of polymorphonuclear leucocytes. In later infection stages, small
      aggregations of pigmented macrophages packed with acid-fast bacilli were present
      in the liver, spleen and lymph nodes. Lesions with large foci of bacilli-laden
      macrophages developed progressively in the kidney, lung and subcutaneous and
      periosteal connective tissues. Periosteal granulomatous lesions, sometimes
      accompanied by exudation, intruded occasionally into the bone marrow, resulting
      in extensive granulomatous osteomyelities.

PMID- 374805
TI  - [Diastolic properties of the heart (author's transl)].

PMID- 374804
TI  - [Bioengineering assessment of cardiac mechanical function: analysis of left
      ventricular wall stress and strain (author's transl)].

PMID- 374807
TI  - [Nursing actions related to the rest].

PMID- 374806
TI  - [Prognostication of future study of cardiac performance (author's transl)].

PMID- 374808
TI  - [Standard of the rest at the ward--the current practice and its re-evaluation].

PMID- 374810
TI  - [Memories on the study of the gastrointestinal motility (author's transl)].

PMID- 374809
TI  - [A new designed obtulator for constriction of the tricuspid annulus (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 374811
TI  - [Is hepatic dysfunction beneficial to renal allograft function? (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 374812
TI  - [Factors of urological infection after renal transplantation (author's transl)].

PMID- 374813
TI  - [The detection of urinary immunoglobulins with E.L.I.S.A. (author's transl)].

PMID- 374814
TI  - [Immunologic studies on bacterial prostatitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 374815
TI  - [Studies on the cellular immune response in patients with urinary bladder
      carcinoma. IV. Leukocyte adherence inhibition tests and leukocyte migration
      inhibition test (author's transl)].

PMID- 374816
TI  - [Studies of endocrinological function of testis. Report 6. Prepubertal boy with
      hypospadia (author's transl)].

PMID- 374817
TI  - N-nitroso alkylating agents: formation and persistence of alkyl derivatives in
      mammalian nucleic acids as contributing factors in carcinogenesis.

PMID- 374818
TI  - Do macrophages destroy nascent tumors?

PMID- 374819
TI  - The pathogenesis of ovarian neoplasia.
AB  - Currently in the United States intra-abdominal neoplasia involving or originating
      in the ovary is responsible for the death of 11,000 women per year, or one every
      50 minutes. Historically, as well as can be documented, although benign ovarian
      cysts were common, malignant neoplasia was rare. Furthermore, similar lesions
      arising in or adjacent to the testes are essentially unknown. The uniqueness of
      the tumors is appreciated by the recognition of the common cell of origin, but
      there are many different histologic varieties of neoplasia that may arise
      therefrom. The differences in incidence between the sexes and the apparent
      significance of irritants to which the female pelvic cavity may be exposed
      suggest that such proliferating agents may ascend from the vagina through the
      patent fallopian tube and into the pelvic and/or the general abdominal cavities.
      Since little improvement has been made in the overall five-year survival rate
      during the past 25 years (in spite of the widespread use of chemotherapeutic and
      other treatment modalities), possibly our basic thrusts should be directed at
      defining carcinogenic processes and thus preventing the development of such
      lethal disease.

PMID- 374821
TI  - [Aspergillus endocarditis following aortic valve replacement].

PMID- 374820
TI  - The behavior of bacteria: on the mechanism of sensory transduction in bacterial
      chemotaxis.
AB  - The mechanism of bacterial chemotaxis is beginning to be understood. At the
      receptor end, we have considerable knowledge about the molecular properies of
      chemoreceptors. At the effector end, we know that flagella rotate and that the
      direction of rotation is determined by attractants and repellents, although we do
      not yet know the molecular features of the motor and the gear shift. Between the
      receptors and the effectors is a system for integrating the sensory information
      and transmitting a message to the flagella. This system, sensory transduction,
      somehow involves methylation of membrane proteins and probably a change in
      membrane potential, but further details of how the mechanism works remain to be
      elucidated.

PMID- 374822
TI  - [Memorable and anniversary dates in the history of cardiology in 1979].

PMID- 374823
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of cardiac output in the acute period of macrofocal
      myocardial infarct according to the methods of dye dilution technic and
      echocardiography].
AB  - Seventy-eight simultaneous studies of the stroke volume value by the method of
      dye dilution and by echography were conducted in 28 males on the first to tenth
      day of macrofocal myocardial infarction. Despite the satisfactory correlation of
      the stroke volume values obtained by both methods in the whole group (r=0.71),
      the authors note a difference in the correlation depending on the localization of
      infarction and the kinetic condition of the diseased and the intact zones. The
      authors believe that the echocardiogrphic method is not reliable in determining
      the volumetric values in patients with macrofocal myocardial infarction since it
      misrepresents the true value of the stroke volume though it reflects the general
      trend of changes in the hemodynamic indices. Echocardiography yields essential
      supplementary information on the state of the left ventricular pumping function
      and the mechanisms of its compensation in the acute period of myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 374824
TI  - [Hemodynamic disorders in the acute period of myocardial infarct according to the
      radiocardiographic data].
AB  - Changes in central hemodynamics in patients suffering from acute macrofocal and
      transmural myocardial infarction with or without circulatory insufficiency were
      studied by radiocardiography. Cardiac output was found to be increased in the
      first 24 hours of the disease in persons without circulatory insufficiency as
      compared to the control group, which may be linked with marked activation of the
      sympatheticoadrenal system. In the groups of patients with circulatory
      insufficiency the cardiac output during this period was diminished. In most
      patients myocardial infarction was preceded by marked changes in teh myocardium.
      Diminution of hemodynamic values was recorded in all groups of patients on the
      third day, which was most conspicuous in cases with circulatory insufficiency.

PMID- 374825
TI  - [Language of physicians' ECG conclusions].
AB  - The elaboration of a standardized language for expressing the ECG diagnosis is of
      great practical importance and is necessary for the creation of a system of
      automatic treatment of the electrocardiosignal. A language is suggested for the
      ECG findings according to the changes in the ECG contour and disorders of the
      cardiac rhythm and conduction. It is based on the syndromal approach which makes
      it possible in analysis of the ECG to only distinguish definite syndromes without
      dictating a narrow diagnostic interpretation on the doctor. A list of 56 ECG
      diagnoses according to the character of the ECG contour and 60 elementary
      diagnoses relating to disorders of cardiac rhythm and conduction is given. The
      suggested language embraces all clinically important ECG syndromes and may be
      used in the elaboration of a system of automatic analysis and accepted as the
      foundation of a standardized language for expressing the ECG findings in
      practical electrocardiology.

PMID- 374826
TI  - Estimation of relative glomerular capillary surface area in normal and
      hypertrophic rat kidneys.
AB  - The quantity of antiglomerular baSEMent membrane antibodies (antiGBM) binding to
      the glomeruli of rats 4 hr after i.v. injection of 660 microgram of antiGBM was
      used as a measure of relative glomerular capillary surface area (Sr). Intact
      immature and adult rats (N = 27) weighing 46 to 440 g were studied to assess the
      effect of normal growth on Sr. Young adult rats (N = 36) were studied at 0, 8,
      15, and 22 days following uninephrectomy or sham operation to assess the effect
      of hypertrophic kidney growth on Sr. Bound antiGBM increased from 95 microgram to
      approximately 350 microgram as rats grew from 46 to 200 g; further growth was
      associated with no further growth was associated with no further increases in
      bound antiGBM. In contrast, there was no progressive increase in Sr following
      uninephrectomy or sham operation despite as 45% increase in kidney weight at 22
      days over the comparable kidney in the sham-operated rats (1.32 +/- SEM 0.06 g
      vs. 0.91 +/- SEM 0.01 g, P less than 0.0001). Thus, increases in GFR during early
      normal kidney growth parallel anatomic increases in Sr, but increases in GFR with
      later growth or with compensatory hypertrophy in young adult rats are not
      accompanied by changes in Sr.

PMID- 374827
TI  - [Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency in childhood].
AB  - The author deals with the clinical importance of the alpha-1-antitrypsin
      deficiency in form of a survey with tabular representation of own cases. Alpha-1
      antitrypsin as an inactivator of proteolytically effective enzymes essentially
      participates in the localised effect of proteinases. A genetically determined
      decreased alpha-1-antitrypsin serum level (= alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency) by
      this causally participates in the pathogenesis of certain hepatopathies and in
      the pulmonary emphysema appearing already at the carly adult age. Within
      differential-diagnostic considerations an alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency should
      be excluded in: 1. etiologically unclear cholestasis in infancy, 2. etiologically
      unclear hepatopathy in childhood, and in 3. early emphysema.

PMID- 374828
TI  - [Limits of life preservation in the newborn infant. Determination of brain death
      in the neonatal period].

PMID- 374829
TI  - [A Kathe Kollwitz lithography as advertising poster and award for the human milk
      collecting depot at Erfurt].

PMID- 374830
TI  - [Instrumental combination for formation of continuing respiratory airway
      pressures].

PMID- 374831
TI  - [Prevention and treatment of ligature fistulas].

PMID- 374832
TI  - [Instrument for bringing down and tying of ligatures].

PMID- 374833
TI  - [Methods of obtaining postmortem bone marrow for clinical use].

PMID- 374835
TI  - [Treatment of a child with critical burns].

PMID- 374834
TI  - [Specific features of scar tissue structure causing irreversible retraction of
      dermatome autografts of patients with burns].

PMID- 374836
TI  - [Development of Russian operative-surgical terminology during the pre-Pirogov
      period].

PMID- 374837
TI  - [Method of closing the stump of the vermiform appendix after an appendectomy].

PMID- 374838
TI  - [Choice of the surgical treatment method in perforating gastroduodenal ulcers].

PMID- 374839
TI  - [Extraperitonization of the cecum in acute destructive appendicitis (apropos of
      the article by V. P. Fesenko, A. K. Babalich, S. L. Shul'kin, M. N. Stepanovand,
      R. S. Rybakov printed in Klinicheskaia khirurgiia, 1977, No. 1)].

PMID- 374840
TI  - [Prevention of dehiscence of the stump of the vermiform appendix].

PMID- 374841
TI  - [Delayed wound dehiscence with traumatic aphakia after keratoplasty (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A description is given of two patients who had a severe wound dehiscence with
      traumatic aphakia after perforating kertoplasty. In both cases, after vitrectomy
      and resuturing the transplant remained clear in its central part (visuel accuity
      0.7 p). Details of the operative technic are discussed.

PMID- 374842
TI  - [Erosive-ulcerative type of herpes simplex of the lids (author's transl)].
AB  - In 14 patients the diagnosis of an erosive-ulcerative type of herpes simplex of
      the lids was made. It is characterized by erosions of the intermarginal portion
      of the lid or by erosions or ulcers of the skin, especially close to the lid
      margin. A combination of both clinical forms is possible. Characteristic herpetic
      vesicles have been observed only in one case, being situated in close proximity
      to the erosive lesion of the lid margin. The visualisation of erosions located at
      the intermarginal portion of the lid can be facilitated by staining with
      fluorescein. The lack of vesicular eruptions impedes a proper diagnosis; hence
      one should search for the history of recurrent herpetic infections. A presumptive
      diagnosis can be confirmed by the immunofluorescence technique. For treatment,
      topical application of virustatic and antibiotic ointment is recommended.

PMID- 374843
TI  - [Cytomorphologic findings in the diagnosis of intraocular lymphocytic tumors
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Fifteen cases with haemolytic changes in the region of the eye, i.e. ten cases of
      lymphocytic sarcoma, two cases of M. Hodgkin, two cases with reticulosarcoma and
      one of acute lymphatic leukosis are presented. With cytologic punctions of the
      eyelids and of the retrobulbar tissue, typical cytomorphologic findings for above
      mentioned haemoblastoses were obtained.

PMID- 374844
TI  - [Ophthalmological themes in baroqueiconography in north-west Croatia (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The northwest Croatia is distinguished through valuable master-pieces of
      exuberant baroque art. Cultural comprehensions and spirit of time are registered
      in numerous sacred and profane monuments of art. It is also understandable, that
      actualities of medicine are reflected in art, too. Small and big plastic-arts,
      pictures and frescoes are iconographic material of what ophthalmological themes
      we try to analyse to conceive knowledges about health and sick eyes in that time,
      about regional pathology and social aspects of eye diseases, also thus to get to
      learn ophthalmological problems of that time.

PMID- 374845
TI  - [Prof. Hugo Gasteiger, M.D].

PMID- 374846
TI  - [Report on renal transplant patients. Ocular changes due to renal disease and
      immunosuppressive therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - 51 patients with renal transplants were examined ophthalmologically 31,1 (1--77)
      months after the transplantation. 80,4 p. c. showed ocular complications:
      cataract formation in 43,1 p. c. of the patients examined and increased
      intraocular pressure values between 22 and 30 mm Hg in 3 patients are to be
      attributed to the systemic immunosuppressive therapy. Further ocular changes were
      recurrent subconjunctival haemorrhages due to increased vascular rigidity,
      calcium phosphate deposits in the conjunctiva due to persistant secondary
      hyperparathyroidism and fundus changes (pigmentary irregularities in the foveal
      regions, narrow arterial vessels). Although marked arterial hypertension was
      observed in 21 patients after the transplantation, no signs of hypertensive
      retinopathy could be found. Despite the high incidence of ocular complications
      after renal transplantation the risks of immunosuppressive therapy must be
      considered as tolerable: cataract formation and increased intraocular pressure do
      not impair the positive effect of renal transplantation on ocular functions.
      Regular ophthalmological control examinations of renal transplant patients are
      advisable.

PMID- 374847
TI  - [Pilocarpin eye drops with a novel Pilocarpin polymeric salt (author's transl)].
AB  - A new pilocarpin salt was obtained by chemically linking pilocarpin to a polymere
      substance. By galenic processing to the respective emulsion, eye drops containing
      this pilocarpin salt were produced, which enable a retarded pilocarpin delivery
      in vitro. With respect to glaucoma therapy, clinical tests showed that frequency
      of application can considerably be reduced. In the present investigations on a
      collective of 30 normal volunteers the effect of a commercial aqueous pilocarpin
      solution on the IOP, pupillary diameter and accommodation was compared with that
      of the novel pilocarpin drops.

PMID- 374849
TI  - [First results of iridoplasty in different types of injury].

PMID- 374848
TI  - [Effect of LHFSHRH on intraocular pressure in patients with diabetes mellitus and
      secondary glaucoma].

PMID- 374850
TI  - [Treatment of selected corneal diseases and injuries with cadaveric cornea. 2.
      Method].

PMID- 374851
TI  - [Treatment of selected corneal diseases and injuries with cadaveric cornea. 2.
      Results].

PMID- 374852
TI  - [Intraoperative control of expulsive hemorrhage].

PMID- 374853
TI  - [50th anniversary of dr. Jan Hauslinger's activities].

PMID- 374854
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Witold Starkiewicz].

PMID- 374856
TI  - [Feofil Gavrilovich Ianovskii].

PMID- 374855
TI  - [Prospective controlled clinical trials in surgery. controversial issues in
      motivation and performance (author's transl)].
AB  - Controversial aspects in prospective controlled trials in surgery can be detected
      at various stages in the course of this research work, such as in motivation,
      planning and performance as well as in assessment and evaluation of the results.
      Especially the introduction of control groups, randomization and "blindness" of
      patients, operators and doctors running the follow-up are subjects of a
      controversial discussion. Subthreshold arguments for defenders and eniers of the
      trial are taken from different theories of science, such as empirism and
      rationalism which are more effective in the daily routine work than expected.
      Provided that convincingly only therapeutic and diagnostic procedures are
      compared which were considered as equi-effective and reliable to the same extent
      according to the best and most complete knowledge available it is ethically
      justified to perform controlled randomized trials. It should, however, not be
      expected that they (always) produce differences between treatment of high degree
      of difference. The aim of the controlled trials is not the introduction of
      sensational novelties into medicine, but the abolition and prevention of
      unnecessary and unworthy modes.

PMID- 374857
TI  - [On the centennial of Whipple's birth].

PMID- 374858
TI  - [Effect of body sensitization on the indices of rheohepatography in patients with
      chronic cholecystitis].

PMID- 374859
TI  - Studies on salmonellosis in the house mouse, Mus musculus.
AB  - Salmonellae were isolated from the faeces from 17 of 170 (10%) wild house mice.
      Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from 10, S. typhimurium, var. Copenhagen from
      2, S. thompson from 1, and S. muenchen from 4. It was concluded that house mice
      could be a reservoir of infection and play an important role in human and animal
      salmonellosis.

PMID- 374860
TI  - Studies on Tyzzer's disease: a long-term study of the humoral antibody response
      in mice, rats and rabbits.
AB  - Mice treated with an antigen prepared from livers infected with Bacillus
      piliformis developed antibodies to the microorganism which reached a peak on the
      7th day and disappeared within 40 days: antibody titres in experimentally
      infected mice remained at a high level throughout life. The antibody titres in
      naturally-infected mice, rats and rabbits ramined positive throughout life and
      followed the same pattern as that of the experimentally-infected mice.

PMID- 374861
TI  - Studies on Tyzzer's disease: transplacental transmission of Bacillus piliformis
      in rats.
AB  - Clinically healthy rats with antibodies to Bacillus piliformis were given
      prednisolone in the last week of pregnancy. B. piliformis was demonstrated in the
      livers of their offspring. None of the dams or the young rats showed clinical
      signs of disease. Antibodies to B. piliformis were found in the young rats at
      birth, and presisted for several months. The importance of potential
      transplacental infections when attempting to establish colonies free from B.
      piliformis in discussed.

PMID- 374862
TI  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to pneumonia
      virus of mice in rat sera.
AB  - An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established to detect rat serum
      antibodies to pneumonia virus of mice (PVM). Vero cells infected with the virus
      were absorbed to the surface of microplates, and the presence of antibodies in
      the sample evaluated were demonstrated by the subsequent use of goat anti-rat
      immune globulin G conjugated to peroxidase and by specific substrate. The results
      indicated that antibodies against pneumonia virus of mice could be detected in
      rat serum with the ELISA procedure. The results were reproducible, and the method
      was approximately eight times more sensitive than the hemagglutination inhibition
      procedure.

PMID- 374863
TI  - The effects of selected antimicrobials on glucose transport in the rat intestine.
AB  - To determine whether oxytetracycline hydrochloride and the sodium salt of
      ampicillin have any adverse effects on the rat intestine, enteric enzyme levels
      and glucose transport rates were measured in vitro in rats. The intestinal
      transport of glucose did not differ significantly between control animals and
      those pretreated with ampicillin. For animals pretreated with oxytetracycline,
      the transport rates were significantly lower than those for the control group.
      The difference between the ampicillin and oxytetracycline groups, however, was
      not statistically significant. No significant differences in enteric levels of
      sucrase and maltase activity were found between any of the groups. The
      possibility that some antimicrobial agents may interfere with the absorption of
      nutrients suggested the need for caution in using these drugs in experimental
      animals.

PMID- 374864
TI  - An immunologic study of the apoproteins of rat lung surfactant.

PMID- 374865
TI  - Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: serum immunoglobulin binds to myelin and
      oligodendrocytes in cultured tissue: ultrastructural-immunoperoxidase
      observations.

PMID- 374866
TI  - Induction of extraglomerular renal damage in experimental chronic serum sickness.
      I. Histologic and immunofluorescence findings.
AB  - Histologic and immunofluorescence studies were performed in nine rabbits after
      daily administration of human serum albumin at a fixed dosage for periods up to
      26 weeks. All but one of the rabbits studied by immunofluorescence showed IgG,
      C3, and fibrinogen deposits in the renal glomeruli and in the tubules or
      peritubular tissues. In most cases, human serum albumin could also be identified
      in the deposits. In two rabbits killed at week 10, kidney pathology was minimal;
      in one of the rabbits killed in the early phases of the disease and in all
      rabbits killed after week 20, there were obvious pathologic changes affecting
      glomeruli, tubules, and/or interstitium. Tubulointerstitial changes were absent
      in only one of the rabbits killed at late stages of human serum albumin
      administration, in spite of evidence of tubular deposition of immune complexes.
      These observations suggest that tubulointerstitial damage is at least as frequent
      as glomerular damage during the induction of chronic serum sickness.

PMID- 374867
TI  - Development of an anti-leprosy vaccine -- progress in Dharmendra.

PMID- 374868
TI  - Towards development of a vaccine against leprosy. Introduction.

PMID- 374869
TI  - Five cultivable mycobacterial strains giving blast transformation and leukocyte
      migration inhibition of leukocytes analogous to mycobacterium leprae.

PMID- 374870
TI  - Delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to homologous and heterologous antigens
      in guinea-pigs immunized with M. leprae and four selected cultivable
      mycobacterial strains.

PMID- 374871
TI  - Ability of M. leprae, Mycobacterium w, and ICRC bacillus to produce macrophage
      activating factors from lymphocytes of leprosy patients.

PMID- 374872
TI  - Delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to lepromin and antigens prepared from
      four other mycobacteria.

PMID- 374873
TI  - Results of skin tests with five different mycobacteria.

PMID- 374874
TI  - Delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to lepromins prepared from M. leprae and
      selected cultivable mycobacteria. Investigations at the Victoria Hospital,
      Dichpalli.

PMID- 374875
TI  - Early and late reactions in tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy patients with
      lepromins from Mycobacterium leprae and five selected cultivable mycobacteria.

PMID- 374877
TI  - Concluding comments on development of a vaccine against leprosy.

PMID- 374876
TI  - Comparative study of skin reactions in leprosy patients to M. leprae-lepromin and
      to antigens from cultivable saprophytic mycobacteria.

PMID- 374879
TI  - A comparison of three different isotopic methods for measuring body components of
      sheep.

PMID- 374878
TI  - Assessment of Dharmendra antigen.

PMID- 374880
TI  - Thermal-dye lung water measurements: effects of edema and embolization.

PMID- 374881
TI  - Current literature.

PMID- 374882
TI  - Squamous-cell carcinoma of the pilonidal sinus: report of a case and review of
      the literature.
AB  - Squamous-cell cancer developing in chronic pilonidal sinuses is extremely rare.
      Thousands of pilonidal cysts and sinuses are operated upon each year, and
      malignancy is almost never encountered. Only 26 cases of malignancy arising in
      pilonidal sinuses are reported in the world literature. We report and document a
      squamous-cell cancer arising in a chronic pilonidal sinus and also review the
      world literature.

PMID- 374883
TI  - Surgical repair of criss-cross heart with straddling atrioventricular valve.
AB  - The criss-cross heart is a rare anomaly in which systemic and pulmonary
      bloodstreams cross at the atrioventricular (AV) level. Although diagnosed now
      with increasing frequency, successful surgical repair of associated anomalies has
      been reported only once. Straddling AV valve is another rare cardiac anomaly
      which only recently is being diagnosed consistently preoperatively and corrected
      surgically. This is the first report of successful repair of cardiac anomalies in
      a patient with the combination of straddling AV valve and criss-cross AV
      relationships. The uneventful postoperative course and good result on follow-up
      in this patient are gratifying and suggest that this combination of anomalies now
      can be repaired with results as good as those for less complex forms of
      congenital heart disease.

PMID- 374884
TI  - Surgical correction of isolated left innominate artery with right aortic arch.

PMID- 374885
TI  - Intercostal pleuroperitoneal hernia.
AB  - The patient described in this report had the initial symptoms and signs of a
      fractured right ninth rib followed soon by severe signs of trauma to the local
      chest wall. In the ensuing 5 months sequella suggesting an intercostal hernia
      gradually developed. Further studies indicated that this hernia consisted of a
      posterior pleural and anterior peritoneal component. At operation the diaphragm
      was found to have torn away from its costal attachments. In addition to repairing
      the intercostal pleural hernia, we recommend that a strip of Marlex mesh be fixed
      to the inner costal surfaces to form a continuous and durable new attachment for
      the diaphragmatic margin prior to the repair of the peritoneal component.
      Determining a probable explanation for the mechanism of the injury was helpful in
      understanding the reconstruction procedure.

PMID- 374887
TI  - Endothelial stretch striae in donor cornea: cause, significance and prevention.

PMID- 374886
TI  - Whitmer B. Firor, MD, 1902--79.

PMID- 374888
TI  - Control of immunologic abnormalities associated with aging.
AB  - In an attempt to encourage more intensive studies on the control of immunologic
      abnormalities associated with aging, the six different approaches which have been
      attempted are reviewed briefly. They are as follows: (a) internal body
      temperature control, (b) tissue ablation, (c) dietary manipulation, (d) genetic
      manipulation, (d) genetic manipulation (e) cell therapy and (f) chemical therapy.
      The first four are preventive and the latter two are restorative in approach.
      Many of these studies are very preliminary, but overall, the findings are most
      encouraging. These studies should resolve the extent to which decline in
      immunologic vigor with age influences the disease pattern of aging individuals
      and on their life expectancy.

PMID- 374890
TI  - Current status of age altered enzymes: alternative mechanisms.
AB  - The occurrence of inactive enzyme molecules in a variety of tissues and animal
      species has been shown to be of a general nature. The levels of inactive enzyme
      molecules found in old animals were produced by amino acid analogs in young
      animals. These levels have been shown to be initially detrimental but
      subsequently the young system shows recovery by efficiently disposing of the
      analog-modified proteins. In old animals this disposal is considerably less
      efficient. Evidence is presented which suggests that post-translational
      modifications of proteins are the main cause of enzyme inactivation in old
      animals. Amino acid substitutions and modifications involving charge differences
      apparently do not contribute significantly to this phenomenon.

PMID- 374889
TI  - Development of immune competence.
AB  - Present evidence indicates that the precursors of B- and T-cells can be found in
      the extra-embryonic tissues four days after implantation (day 5) and that by the
      following day (day 10) certain of the B-cell precursors have differentiated to
      the stage of the antigen-binding cell. Cells able to secrete antibody are not
      detected, however, until the later stages of pregnancy. B-cell differentiation
      has been shown to advance in a stepwise manner through several compartments, and
      the early stages of maturation are independent of thymic or T-cell regulation.
      The thymic rudiment appears by the 12th day of pregnancy and the
      reticuloepithelial tissue is quickly colonized by T-stem cells which migrate from
      the fetal liver. Within 4 days these cells respond to PHA, recognize and respond
      to allogeneic antigens, and begin to seed to the peripheral lymphoid tissues.
      During the latter stages of pregnancy and until about the sixth week after birth
      T-cell mediated suppressor activity predominates. T-cell killer function can be
      detected in the neonatal thymus shortly after birth, but this activity increases
      slowly in the peripheral lymphoid tissues. T-cell helper activity increases
      slowly after birth as suppressor activity declines. The adult levels of helper
      suppressor function are approached about six to eight weeks after birth.

PMID- 374891
TI  - The formation of altered enzymes in aging animals.
AB  - Evidence is accumulating which supports the idea that the alteration of enzymes
      is due to post-synthetic modifications rather than to sequence changes. Although
      unequivocal proof is still lacking, the idea that the changes in old enzymes are
      due to a subtle denaturation rather than to covalent changes is strengthened by
      recent work. That altered enzymes may result from a slowed protein turnover in
      old organisms appears to be a viable hypothesis.

PMID- 374892
TI  - Longevity, stability and DNA repair.
AB  - The functional capacity of a cell, tissue, organ, or organism is dependent upon
      its ability to maintain the stability of its unit components. The higher the
      differentiated state of the system, the greater the amount of stability required
      to maintain that state as a function of time. Stability can be achieved via
      either redundancy or repair. Redundancy while easily achievable in biological
      systems is both costly and limited by thermodynamic considerations. Repair, in
      its general sense, has no such limitations. Repair at the cellular and
      macromolecular level is multiple in its forms and varies as a function of
      species, tissue, and stage of the cell cycle. The repair of DNA damage is a
      dynamic process with many components and subcomponents, each interacting with one
      another in order to achieve a balance between individual stability and
      evolutionary diversity. Thus, between internal and external factors which damage
      DNA and the subsequent expression of alterations in the functional stability of
      DNA lie the multi-functional pathways which attempt to maintain DNA fidelity. A
      strong correlation between ulta-violet light induced excision or pre-replication
      repair, as measured by autoradiogrphy and maximum species lifespan has been
      reported within different strains of the same species, between related species
      (e.g. Mus musculus and Peromyscus leucopus), between five orders of mammals, and
      most recently within members of the primate family. As has been demonstrated by
      the authors and others, differences in excision repair between species and
      tissues may relate to the turning off of portions of the repair processes during
      embryogenesis. Regardless of why such correlations exist or the nature of their
      mechanisms, it is naive to either assert or deny a causal role for DNA repair in
      longevity assurance systems. For example, while species-related differences in
      DNA repair may reflect the turning off of such repair processes during fetal
      development this does not mean that rates of accumulation of DNA damage are not
      altered by such changes. Indeed, such a phenomena might well explain the rapid
      evolution of lifespan within the primates without a concurrent input of new
      genes.

PMID- 374893
TI  - Molecular clocks, molecular profiles, and optimum diets: three approaches to the
      problem of aging.
AB  - It has been hypothesized that the deamidation of glutaminyl and asparaginyl
      residues serves as a molecular clock for many biological processes including
      protein turnover, development, and aging. At present, this hypothesis has passed
      some experimental tests which are necessary but not sufficient for its
      acceptance. The current state of evidence about deamidation as a molecular clock
      is discussed. In addition, since the molecular biology of aging, especially in
      humans, is only partly understood, it is of value to develop quantitative,
      empirical measures of physiological human age and to use these measures to
      evaluate alternative human living conditions, especially easily adopted
      alternatives like variations in diet. This may allow some decrease in the
      suffering and loss from human aging until such time as molecular biology provides
      superior and more intellectually satisfying answers. An empirical system which
      consists of quantitative measurement of several hundred human chemical
      constituents followed by computerized pattern recognition is described. It is
      hoped that this system will eventually become an aid in the minimization of the
      rate of human aging through changes in diet and other factors.

PMID- 374894
TI  - The role of membrane structure and function in cellular aging: a review.
AB  - A survey of the available theoretical and experimental evidence is given
      regarding the cell membrane properties, such as the membrane fluidity, potassium
      permeability, etc., which are involved in the regulation of intracellular ion
      contents. These properties of the membrane undergo some age-dependent alterations
      in numerous cells studied so far, resulting in an increase of the intracellular
      potassium content. This phenomenon has a serious inhibitory effect on the rates
      of enzymatic catalyses involved in the protein synthesis, and may explain the
      decreased protein synthetic capacity of the old cells. Data are presented
      indicating that some changes in the membrane permeability are also involved in
      the malignant transformation of the cells; however, these are of opposite
      direction as compared to aging of cells. The "membrane hypothesis" of aging based
      on these facts seems to be a useful experimental approach to the problem of
      cellular aging.

PMID- 374895
TI  - Senescent changes in the ribosomes of animal cells in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 374897
TI  - Aging, genetics, and the environment: potential of errors introduced into genetic
      information transfer by metal ions.
AB  - Metal ions, which are introduced into living organisms from the environment, are
      required in every aspect of genetic information transfer. However, the "wrong"
      metal ion, or even the "right" metal ion in the wrong concentration, can produce
      deleterious information transfer effects. Metal ions react with nucleic acids in
      many different ways, and virtually all of these reactions effect major changes in
      the structure of the nucleic acids. Cellular metal ion concentrations change with
      age. The effects of such concentration changes on genetic information transfer
      suggest the possibility that metal ions can influence the aging process. A
      specific example of such influence is the accumulation in brain cells of aluminum
      ions, which may have a relationship to Alzheimer's disease.

PMID- 374896
TI  - Connective tissues--possible implications of the temporal changes for the aging
      process.
AB  - Two of the "old" mono-cause theories of aging have temporal changes in the
      connective tissues, especially those in collagen, as main events. The
      crosslinking of collagen is stable under physiological conditions shortly after
      the formation of fibrils and the additional physico-chemical stability attained
      later on probably does not influence the physiological functions of the tissues
      significantly. The temporal changes in collagen seen as increased thermal
      stability, decreased solubility and increased mechanical stiffness are discussed
      in relation to the underlying structural changes. It is concluded that the
      increased stability of the collagen (mainly type I) in the locomotive system and
      skin are not "true" aging phenomena. It is possible that the changes in the
      connective tissues of the lungs and kidneys contribute to the decrease of
      function with age. The "normal" increase of stiffness of type I collagen may
      contibute to the increased compliance and residual volume of the aging lung. Our
      present knowledge of the structure and function of collagens and ground
      substances in various basement membranes does not permit an evaluation of the
      role of connective tissues in the age changes in the alveolo--capillary complex,
      the glomeruli and the exchange between tissues and capillaries in general.

PMID- 374898
TI  - The effect of aging on sister chromatid exchange.
AB  - The advent of the bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)-differential staining techniques has
      greatly facilitated the detection of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). These SCE
      have been demonstrated to be an accurate reflection of DNA damage both in vitro
      in cultured cells and in vivo in mouse and rate bone marrow and spleen cells. In
      this review, we examine the effect of cellular aging on both baseline and mutagen
      induced SCE levels. In all systems examined, aging did not appear to
      significantly affect the baseline levels of SCE. However, in human fibroblast
      cultures we have found a significant decrease in the levels of mutagen-induced
      SCE as a function of both in vitro passage level (in vitro aging) and the age of
      the cell culture donor (in vivo aging). In addition we have found a similar
      decrease in mutagen-induced SCE levels in both mouse and rat bone marrow cells
      and mouse spleen cells where examinations were performed entirely in vivo.
      Diminished mutagen-induced SCE levels were obtained with a wide variety of agents
      including mitomycin-C, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, ethyl methanesulfonate and N
      acetyl-2-acetoxyamino-fluorene. These decreased SCE levels were accompanied by
      increased frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in the older cell populations.
      If SCE represents a form of DNA repair as has been suggested by several
      investigators, our finding would indicate impaired DNA repair occurring in old
      cells.

PMID- 374899
TI  - Cellular replication and aging.
AB  - Controversy exists concerning the effect of aging on replicating cell systems.
      This review summarizes a number of studies which indicate that both in vivo and
      in vitro, cell replication is significantly altered during aging. In vitro,
      studies of both human lymphocytes and fibroblasts indicated that a number of
      replication kinetic parameters are influenced by the age of the cell donor. In
      vivo, the application of the bromodeoxyuridine-(BrdU)-differential chromatid
      staining techniques to the analysis of cellular replication kinetics has
      permitted us to demonstrate that cellular replication is also significantly
      diminished with aging in mouse and rat cell populations. Therefore, both in vivo
      and in vitro in human as well as rodent cell populations, the rates of cellular
      replication are significantly decreased with cellular aging.

PMID- 374900
TI  - Evolution of human longevity: a critical overview.
AB  - Evolution of longevity of the ungulates, carnivores and primates is reviewed.
      Special emphasis is focused on recent evolutionary history of longevity along the
      hominid ancestral-descendant sequence leading to modern man. Maximum life span
      potential (MLP) or the change in MLP is predicted in extinct species by (1) a
      phylogenetic analysis of the MLP of present living species and (2) an empirical
      equation using brain and body weight estimates from fossils. Both of these
      methods indicate MLP generally increased during mammalian evolution and at an
      extremely fast rate during the appearance of the hominid species. These results
      suggest that relatively few genetic alterations were necessary during the recent
      evolutionary history of man to significantly extend his innate ability to
      maintain mental and physical health. Much evidence indicates these genetic
      alterations principally involve regulatory genes, which control a conserved set
      of structural genes. Evolution of longevity in man could therefore be a result of
      simple changes in temporal and quantitative expression. Whether these genetic
      alterations result from mutational changes and/or chromosomal rearrangement
      cannot yet be evaluated.

PMID- 374901
TI  - Activities of salivary myoepithelial cells: a review.
AB  - Historical developments concerning salivary myoepithelial cells have been
      outlined and structural features of the cells have been described. Evidence from
      structural and functional studies supports the belief that myoepithelial cells
      usually have a dual innervation by parasympathetic as well as sympathetic nerves,
      and impulses from both types of nerve cause the cells to contract. Functional
      assessment using salivary flow phenomena and intraluminal pressure changes have
      been used to determine, so far as is possible, the effects of myoepithelial
      contractions. In some instances tissues have been examined structurally after
      such experimental procedures. These investigations indicate that salivary
      myoepithelial activity 1. Speeds up the outflow of saliva 2. Reduces luminal
      volume 3. Contributes to the secretory pressure 4. Supports the underlying
      parenchyma 5. Helps salivary flow to overcome increases in peripheral resistance.
      However, beyond a certain point, this may lead to sialectatic damage of striated
      ducts with increase in glandular permeability. Myoepithelial activity may also
      help to expel parenchymal cell contents in certain instances.

PMID- 374902
TI  - Ventricular volumes determined from indicator dilution curves.

PMID- 374904
TI  - Pulmonary rehabilitation in an ambulatory group practice setting.

PMID- 374903
TI  - Temperature-control system for biological preparations.

PMID- 374906
TI  - A day with the visiting nurse.

PMID- 374905
TI  - [Effect of chloramphenicol on the activity of murine phagocytic cells against
      Candida albicans].

PMID- 374907
TI  - Publications of Dennis B. Fry.

PMID- 374908
TI  - [Ionising rays and laryngeal carcinomas (author's transl)].
AB  - Review of the literature and report of a new care of laryngeal cancer after
      irradiation of a benign lesion of the neck. These cases obviously become rare
      since benign lesions are no longer irradiated. Today the risk of inducing a
      second carcinoma by a successful irradiation of the first tumor becomes more
      important. A study of 109 patients, irradiated for laryngeal carcinoma and
      surviving with no evidence of disease for a period of at least 5 years has been
      performed. 8 of these patients developed a second primary in the previously
      irradiated area after 7-15 years. These second carcinomas are not rare if one
      considers that most patients with laryngeal carcinoma are 60-70 years old and
      therefore the life expectance on an average is low. These facts should be taken
      into consideration when deciding between surgical or radiation therapy in younger
      patients with high life expectance.

PMID- 374909
TI  - [Remarks about otoplasty and avulsion of the auricle (author's transl)].
AB  - I. Correction of the prominent ear. A modification of the Mustarde-technique is
      reported. We mill with a diamonddrill two rims, one above and a second beneath
      the new anthelix. So we are able to form anthelix and helix to get a smooth
      contour. II. Restoration of superior helix. 1. Using the method reported by
      Cronin (1953) it is necessary to plan the reconstructed part a little bit larger
      than the normal contour. By shrinking of the skin and resorption of the
      incorporated cartilage we get normal proportions half a year later. 2. Using the
      method by Crikelair (1956) we took the auriculo-cephalic flap as a composite
      graft from the concha. The defects could be closed primarily without using a free
      graft. III. Replantation of the amputated auricle. We used the method, reported
      by Arfai (1963). Four operations were necessary to get a satisfying result.

PMID- 374910
TI  - [Foley catheter technique as an alternative to Bellocq pack (author's transl)].
AB  - 233 cases with posterior nasal pack are compared, two third being treated with
      Foley catheter technique. Using the Bellocq technique there are 47% of bleeding
      at intervals and 9% of bleeding while using the Foley catheter. Local and general
      complications are 3.5 times higher in Bellocq technique than in Foley catheter
      use.

PMID- 374911
TI  - [The reconstructive use of bipedicled chest flap in cancer surgery of the neck
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The reconstructive use of bipedicled chest flap in cancer surgery of the neck is
      described. This flaps have been found extremely useful in cases of surgical
      treatment of postlaryngectomy tracheal stomal recurrences.

PMID- 374912
TI  - Getting paid under Medicare: the bottom line.

PMID- 374913
TI  - Suspension from Medicare and Medicaid dries up dollars for doctors.

PMID- 374914
TI  - A question of freedom.

PMID- 374915
TI  - The significance of phase II (conjugation) reactions in drug disposition and
      toxicity.

PMID- 374916
TI  - Suppressive actions of inorganic ions on the bioactivity of aminoglycoside
      antibiotics.

PMID- 374917
TI  - [Cerebral hemodynamics in the intravenous administration of papaverine in
      cervical osteochondrosis].

PMID- 374918
TI  - [Increase in the effectiveness of the radiation therapy of tumors with
      actinomycins].

PMID- 374919
TI  - [Biological action of 125I].

PMID- 374920
TI  - [Prospidin in combination with gamma teletherapy in treating esophageal cancer].

PMID- 374921
TI  - [Joint radiation and chemotherapy of squamous cell lung cancer].

PMID- 374922
TI  - [Use of colchamine ointment in the radiation therapy of skin cancer].

PMID- 374923
TI  - [Treatment of late radiation skin lesions, radiation cystitis and rectitis with
      ethonium].

PMID- 374924
TI  - [Carcinogenic risk of mammography].

PMID- 374925
TI  - [In memoriam Kurt Voit, 1895--1978].

PMID- 374926
TI  - [Diagnosis of immunologic processes in thyroid diseases and their clinical
      importance ].

PMID- 374928
TI  - [Effectiveness and tolerance of Helfergia granules in children].

PMID- 374927
TI  - [Possibilities and indications for surgical treatment of incurable breast
      cancer].

PMID- 374929
TI  - Cytophilic activity associated with murine allogeneic tumor rejection.

PMID- 374930
TI  - RNA transfer of immunity in murine allogeneic tumor model.

PMID- 374931
TI  - [Massive pulmonary hemorrhage and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 374933
TI  - [History of the aspirin].

PMID- 374932
TI  - [Urinous pleural effusion associated with obstructive nephropathy].

PMID- 374934
TI  - Preparation of tRNAs terminating in 2'- and 3'- deoxyadenosine.

PMID- 374935
TI  - The preparation of tRNA terminating in 3'-amino-3'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-amino-2'
      deoxyadenosine.

PMID- 374936
TI  - Attachment of cross-linking reagents to tRNA for protein affinity labeling
      studies.

PMID- 374937
TI  - Enzymic modification of the C-C-A terminus of tRNA.

PMID- 374938
TI  - Bacterial tRNA methyltransferases.

PMID- 374939
TI  - The use of nuclear magnetic resonance in the study of transfer RNA structure of
      solution.

PMID- 374940
TI  - Sepharose chromatography of transfer ribonucleic acids using reverse salt
      gradients.

PMID- 374941
TI  - Purification of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

PMID- 374942
TI  - Determination of aminoacylation isomeric specificity using tRNA terminating in 3'
      amino-3'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-amino-2'-deoxyadenosine.

PMID- 374943
TI  - Use of purified isoacceptor tRNAs for the study of codon-anticodon recognition in
      vitro with sequenced natural messenger RNA.

PMID- 374944
TI  - Determination of a transfer RNA structure by crystallographic method.

PMID- 374945
TI  - Assessment of protein synthesis by the use of aminoacyl-tRNA as precursor.

PMID- 374946
TI  - Isolation of polysomes free of initiation factors.

PMID- 374947
TI  - The use of columns with matrix-bound polyuridylic acid for isolation of
      translating ribosomes.

PMID- 374948
TI  - A gel electrophoretic separation of bacterial ribosomal subunits with and without
      protein S1.

PMID- 374949
TI  - Total reconstitution of 50 S subunits from Escherichia coli ribosomes.

PMID- 374950
TI  - Reconstitution of 50 S ribosomal subunits from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 374951
TI  - The fragmentation of ribosomes.

PMID- 374952
TI  - Purification of ribosomal proteins from Escherichia coli under nondenaturing
      conditions.

PMID- 374953
TI  - Cross-linking of ribosomes using 2-iminothiolane (methyl 4-mercaptobutyrimidate)
      and identification of cross-linked proteins by diagonal polyacrylamide/sodium
      dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 374954
TI  - Protein-RNA interactions in the bacterial ribosome.

PMID- 374956
TI  - Freeze-drying and high-resolution shadowing in electron microscopy of Escherichia
      coli ribosomes.

PMID- 374955
TI  - Some methods using protection from chemical and enzymic modification to determine
      protein-protein relationships in ribosomes.

PMID- 374957
TI  - The preparation of deuterated ribosomal materials for neutron scattering.

PMID- 374958
TI  - Neutron-scattering studies of ribosomes.

PMID- 374959
TI  - Scattering studies of ribosomes and ribosomal components.

PMID- 374960
TI  - A method of joint use of electromagnetic and neutron scattering: a study of
      internal ribosomal structure.

PMID- 374961
TI  - A method for the 14C-labeling of proteins from the large ribosomal subunit,
      without loss of biological activity.

PMID- 374962
TI  - Competitive incorporation of inactive proteins into the ribosomal structure. A
      method to study ribosomal protein functions.

PMID- 374963
TI  - Site-specific processing of Escherichia coli preribosomal RNA and preribosomes by
      E. coli RNase III.

PMID- 374964
TI  - Electron microscope mapping of ribosome binding sites on single-stranded DNA.

PMID- 374965
TI  - Chromatographic and spectral properties of lipoic acid and its metabolites.

PMID- 374966
TI  - Thin-layer chromatography of lipoic acid, lipoamide, and their persulfides.

PMID- 374967
TI  - Preparation and separation of S-oxides of alpha-lipoic acid.

PMID- 374968
TI  - Photochemical preparation of acyl lipoic acids.

PMID- 374969
TI  - Lipoyl disulfide reducing polymers.

PMID- 374970
TI  - Biosynthesis of lipoic acid via unsaturated fatty acids.

PMID- 374971
TI  - The radial diffusion assay of lipoamide dehydrogenase.

PMID- 374973
TI  - Purification and properties of ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase.

PMID- 374972
TI  - Methodology employed for anaerobic spectrophotometric titrations and for computer
      assisted data analysis.

PMID- 374974
TI  - Ketopantoyl lactone reductases.

PMID- 374975
TI  - Pantothenate synthetase from Escherichia coli [D-pantoate: beta-alanine ligase
      (AMP-forming), EC 6.3.2.1].

PMID- 374977
TI  - Dethiobiotin synthetase.

PMID- 374976
TI  - 7,8-Diaminopelargonic acid aminotransferase.

PMID- 374978
TI  - The biotin transport system in yeast.

PMID- 374979
TI  - Enzymic reduction of d-biotin d-sulfoxide to d-biotin.

PMID- 374980
TI  - Analysis of microbial biotin proteins.

PMID- 374981
TI  - Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and analogs as probes of coenzyme-protein interaction.

PMID- 374982
TI  - Assay of pyridoxal phosphate and pyridoxamine phosphate, employing S-o
      nitrophenyl-L-cysteine, a chromogenic substrate of tryptophanase.

PMID- 374983
TI  - Thiamine phosphate pyrophosphorylase.

PMID- 374984
TI  - Thiamine transport in Escherichia coli Crookes.

PMID- 374985
TI  - Assay of thiamine-binding protein.

PMID- 374987
TI  - Detailed restriction enzyme fragment map of the C region of the mitochondria DNA
      from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, strain JS1-3D.

PMID- 374986
TI  - Fine structure of the 21S ribosomal RNA region on yeast mitochondria DNA. I.
      Construction of the physical map and localization of the cistron for the 21S
      mitochondrial ribosomal RNA.
AB  - 1. We have used restriction enzyme analysis of petite mtDNAs to construct a
      detailed physical map of the 21S region on the mtDNA of the Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae strain JS1-3D. The map covers a segment of about 20,000 bp, on which
      the recognition sites of the enzymes HapII, HindII, HindIII, Sa1I, XhoI and HhaI
      have been localized (22 sites in total). This map has been checked in various
      ways against the independently constructed overall physical map of the mtDNA of
      strain JS1-3D. In addition, we have constructed a physical map with a resolution
      of about 200 bp of a HapII fragment of 1850 bp long, which carries the loci
      omega, RIB-1 and probably RIB-2. 2. The 21S rRNA hybridizes with the five
      adjacent HindII + III fragments TD9, DT19, TD15, DT14 and TT1, which lie in that
      order on the physical map of the 21S region. Of these, the two non-adjacent
      fragments TD9 and DT14 show a much stronger hybridization with 21S rRNA than
      DT19, TD15, and TT1. 3. The fragment DD5 (= DT19 + TD15) and part of DT14 belong
      to a sequence of about 1000 bp, which is absent from Saccharomyces carlsbergensis
      mtDNA. Although DD5 and DT14 show (very weak, respectively stronger)
      hybridization with 21S rRNA, the 1000 bp insert probably does not code for the
      21S rRNA: the 21S rRNA of S. carlsbergensis comigrates with the 21S rRNA of JS1
      3D on polyacrylamide gels under denaturing conditions. 4. Fragment DT14
      hybridizes with the HindII + III fragment TD9, which shows the strongest
      hybridization with 21S rRNA. The presence of these sequence homologies has
      hampered the precise mapping of the 21S rRNA cistron. Our results are compatible,
      however, with the hypothesis that the sequences, coding for 21S rRNA, are located
      on HindII + III fragments that are not adjacent on JS1-3D mtDNA, namely TD9, DT14
      and TT1.

PMID- 374989
TI  - Fine structure of the 21S ribosomal RNA region on yeast mitochondrial DNA. III.
      Physical location of mitochondrial genetic markers and the molecular nature of
      omega.
AB  - 1. We have determined the physical location of mitochondrial genetic markers in
      the 21S region of yeast mtDNA by genetic analysis of petite mutants whose mtDNA
      has been physically mapped on the wild-type mtDNA. 2. The order of loci,
      determined in this study, is in agreement with the order deduced from
      recombination analysis and coretention analysis except for the position of
      omega+: we conclude that omega+ is located between C321 (RIB-1) and E514 (RIB-3).
      3. The marker E514 (RIB-3) has been localized on a DNA segment of 3800 bp, and
      the markers E354, E553 and cs23 (RIB-2) on a DNA segment of 1100 base pairs; both
      these segments overlap the 21S rRNA cistron. The marker C321 (RIB-1) has been
      localized within a segment of 240 bp which also overlaps the 21S rRNA cistron,
      and we infer on the basis of indirect evidence that this marker lies within this
      cistron. 4. In all our rho+ as well as rho- strains there is a one-to-one
      correlation between the omega+ phenotype, the ability to transmit the omega+
      allele and the presence of a mtDNA segment of about 1000 bp long, located between
      sequences specifying RIB-3 and sequences corresponding to the loci RIB-1 and RIB
      2. This segment may be inserted at this same position into omega- mtDNA by
      recombination. 5. The role which the different allelic forms of omega may play in
      the polarity of recombination is discussed.

PMID- 374988
TI  - Fine structure of the 21S ribosomal RNA region on yeast mitochondrial DNA. II.
      The organization of sequences in petite mitochondrial DNAs carrying genetic
      markers from the 21S region.
AB  - We have investigated the organization of sequences in ten rho- petite mtDNAs by
      restriction enzyme analysis and electron microscopy. From the comparison of the
      physical maps of the petite mtDNAs with the physical map of the mtDNA of the
      parental rho+ strain we conclude that there are at least three different classes
      of petite mtDNAs: I. Head-to-tail repeats of an (almost) continuous segment of
      the rho+ mtDNA. II. Head-to-tail repeats of an (almost) continuous segment of the
      rho+ mtDNA with a terminal inverted duplication. III. Mixed repeats of an
      (almost) continuous rho+ mtDNA segment. In out petite mtDNAs of the second type,
      the inverted duplications do not cover the entire conserved rho+ mtDNA segment.
      We have found that the petite mtDNAs of the third type contain a local inverted
      duplication at the site where repeating units can insert in two orientations. At
      least in one case this local inverted duplication must have arisen by mutation.
      The rearrangements that we have found in the petite mtDNAs do not cluster at
      specific sites on the rho+ mtDNA map. Large rearrangements or deletions within
      the conserved rho+ mtDNA segment seem to contribute to the suppressiveness of a
      petite strain. There is also a positive correlation between the retention of
      certain segments of the rho+ mtDNA and the suppressiveness of a petite strain. We
      found no correlation between the suppressiveness of a petite strain and its
      genetic complexity. The relevance of these findings for the mechanism of petite
      induction and the usefulness of petite strains for the physical mapping of
      mitochondrial genetic markers and for DNA sequence analysis are discussed.

PMID- 374990
TI  - Repair of ultraviolet-light damaged ColE1 factor carrying Escherichia coli genes
      for guanine synthesis.
AB  - Hybrid ColE1 plasmids called ColE1-coslambda-qua A or ColE1-coslambda-gal can be
      efficiently tranduced into various E. coli K-12 cells through packaging into
      lambda phage particles. Using these plasmids, repair of ultraviolet-light (UV)
      damaged ColE1 DNAs was studied in various UV sensitive E. coli K-12 mutants. (1)
      The host mutations uvrA and uvrB markedly reduced host-cell reactivation of UV
      irradiated ColE1-coslambda-guaA. (2) Pre-existing hybrid ColE1 plasmids had no
      effect on the frequency of lambda phage-mediated transduction of another
      differentially marked hybrid ColE1 DNAs. (3) ColE1-coslambda-guaA and ColE1
      coslambda-gal DNAs could temporarily but not stably co-exist in E. coli K-12 recA
      cells. (4) The presence of ColE1-coslambda-gal in uvrB cells promoted the repair
      of super-infected UV-irradiated ColE1-coslambda-guaA about 7-fold. (5) The same
      ColE1-coslambda-gal plasmid in a uvrB recA double mutant did not have this
      promoting effect. These results indicate that the effect of resident hybrid ColE1
      plasmids is manifested by the host recA+ gene function(s) and suggest that ColE1
      plasmid itself provides norecA+-like functions.

PMID- 374991
TI  - Clo DF13 plasmid genes affecting Flac transfer and propagation of male specific
      RNA phages.

PMID- 374992
TI  - Cis- and trans-activity of P22 antirepressor protein against c-repression
      specified by the closely related Salmonella phages L and Px1.
AB  - The ant products of Salmonella phage P22, synthesized by its immI region,
      releases when acting in cis replication inhibition for phages P22 and L. When ant
      product acts trans on a coinfecting immunity sensitive phage (Thomas-Bertani
      experiment as test for release of replication inhibition) full replication ensues
      only if both superinfecting phages are homologous in the specificities of their
      immC and immI regions. If these regions are heterologous, differing in immC, immI
      or in both, the replication of the phage expected to be complemented by ant is
      inhibited. This inhibition is observed in both L- and Px-lysogenic bacteria and
      can be released in case of ant- amber phage by action of ant in cis in su+
      lysogenic bacteria.

PMID- 374993
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the recognition site of the B-specific restriction
      modification system in E. coli.
AB  - Two sB mutations in the genome of bacteriophage fd were located by sequence
      analysis in the fd sequence at positions 971 and 6341. Base changes at or close
      to these positions in phage M13 and in phage fl am 124 also correlate with a loss
      of sensitivity to B restriction. From the sequence homology between the sequences
      at the two sB sites the recognition signal for the E. coli B
      restriction/modification enzzyme is predicted to be: 5' TGA---8N---TGCT 3'  3'
      ACT---8N---ACGA 5'.

PMID- 374994
TI  - The contruction and replication properties of hybrid plasmids composed of the r
      determinant of R100.1 and the plasmids pCRI and pSC201.
AB  - We have cloned the entire r-determinant of the antibiotic resistance plasmid
      R100.1 on the plasmic vectors pCR1 and pSC201. We find that the hybrid plasmids
      segregate from cultures in which replication of the vector is blocked. This
      suggests that the r-det is not capable of autonomous replication.

PMID- 374995
TI  - The isolation and genetic characteristics of lambda transducing phages of the
      uvrA+ and uvrC+ genes of E. coli K12.
AB  - Lambda transducing phages carrying the excision repair genes uvrA+ and uvrC+ were
      selected from a pool of lambda phages carrying EcoR1 fragments of E. coli DNA.
      These phages and also lambdauvrB+ (obtained from Gottesman) were used to make
      lysogens of excision-defective strains carrying uvrA-, uvrB- or uvrC-. Lambda
      uvrA+ was found to transduce strains carrying uvrA- but not those carrying uvrB-
      or uvrC-, to normal ultraviolet resistance. Similarly, lambdauvrB+ and
      lambdauvrC+ were found to complement only the corresponding uvr- allele. The
      lambda transducing phages were co-transduced with gal+ by P1 phage into lysogenic
      gal- recipients, and presumably were integrated at the normal prophage site.

PMID- 374996
TI  - Rifampicin supersensitivity of rho strains of E. coli, and suppression by sur
      mutation.
AB  - Escherichia coli strains with mutations rho-115, rho-ts15, rho-101 (psu-1) or rho
      102 (psu-2) are more sensitive ("supersensitive") to rifampicin than isogenic
      parent strains, as measured by growth rate in broth and colony forming efficiency
      on solid media with 5, 10, or 20 microgram of rifampicin per ml. There is no
      change in sensitivity of rho mutants to the antibiotics penicillin, erythromycin,
      chloramphenicol, or the detergent desoxycholate. The rho-101 or rho-102 mutations
      confer rifampicin supersensitivity at 32 degrees C but not 42 degrees C. Mutants
      of a rho-115 strain that have lost polarity suppression can be isolated by
      selection for rifampicin resistance. This phenotype, Sur, is not due to reversion
      of the original rho gene mutation but to a second mutation perhaps in the gene
      for rho protein or the gene for the beta subunit of RNA polymerase. One class of
      Sur mutation, occurring in rho-115 cells isolated as resistant to 20 microgram of
      rifampicin per ml, is co-transducible with the marker ilv, and the gene order is
      rbs-ilv-sur-38. A model suggested by this map position is that the mutations rho
      115 and sur-38 define the domain of rho protein which interacts with the beta
      subunit of RNA polymerase.

PMID- 374997
TI  - In vitro replication of a DNA fragment containing the vicinity of the origin of
      E. coli DNA replication.
AB  - The restriction nuclease cleavage pattern of E. coli DNA synthesized in vitro in
      the cellophane membrane system (Schaller et al., 1972) is similar to the one
      obtained after labelling E. coli in vivo. This is shown for exponentially growing
      cells and for cells synchronized by amino acid starvation followed by thymine
      starvation. In synchronized cells a piece of some 180 kilobase pairs is labelled
      containing oriC and neighbouring regions at 82 min on the genetic map of E. coli.
      A pulse label in vitro is incorporated into the same piece of DNA, but the center
      of this region, i.e. the EcoR1 fragment of 8.6 kbp length which contains the oriC
      region (Marsh and Worcel, 1977; v. Meyenburg et al., 1977; Yasuda and Hirota,
      1977) is missing.

PMID- 374998
TI  - The control region of the F sex factor DNA transfer cistrons: physical mapping by
      deletion analysis.
AB  - A technique has been developed which allows the isolation of random deletions
      extending from unique restriction enzyme sites in plasmid DNA molecules. The
      method involves transformation of E. coli cells with linear plasmid DNAs
      generated by restriction enzyme cleavage. We have used this technique to map DNA
      transfer genes in the tra control region of F sex factor DNA. Deletions within
      EcoRI fragment f6 of F DNA have been isolated and used to assign physical
      locations to tra genes by a combination of genetic complementation tests,
      restriction enzyme analysis, DNA heteroduplexing and the analysis of the proteins
      synthesised in minicells and in vitro. Deletion analysis has also allowed the
      identification of the traK gene product.

PMID- 374999
TI  - Reversal of protection by light of the ethidium bromide induced petite mutation
      in yeast.
AB  - An intermediate in the ethidium bromide (EB) induced petite mutation pathway may
      be destabilized by daylight light to cause a reversion to the normal grande
      phenotype. Starved cells preincubated in the dark for up to 6 h with 100
      microgram/ml EB could be reverted to grandes after one hour of light exposure,
      whereas similarly treated cells maintained in the dark expressed the petite
      mutation in more than 80 percent of the population. In addition, the production
      of petite mutants by EB in buffer could be prevented if cell suspensions were
      exposed to light immediately upon the addition of EB. Photoreversal of the EB
      derived petite mutation in growing cells was less efficient presumably because
      the availability of an energy source caused a continuation of mutation events
      beyond the light revertible step to a non-reversible fixation of the mutation.
      Cells treated with EB in growth media at 4 degrees C were more responsive to
      light protection and reversal of the mutation. This may be due to the cold
      inhibition of an enzyme which comes into play beyond the light sensitive step in
      the mutation pathway.

PMID- 375000
TI  - Mechanisms of recombination by the RecBC and the RecF pathways following
      conjugation in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - The recombinational processes directed by the RecBC and the RecF pathways
      following conjugation in E. coli have been compared. The viable recombinant
      products of the RecF pathway show a higher incidence of mismatch correction,
      higher percentage of heterogeneous clones produced by single ex-conjugants and a
      much slower rate of integration and segregation compared to the RecBC pathway.
      There are reasons to suspect that the product of recB and recC genes may be
      necessary for conversion of the single stranded donor DNA in the zygote to double
      stranded DNA. Theoretical considerations suggest that an exchange involving only
      one strand of DNA may be a much slower process, with more stringent homology
      requirement for the entire exchanged segment, than a double strand exchange of a
      comparable length; the latter should be much faster, with stringent homology
      requirements for only the terminal regions of the exchanged segments. It is
      suggested that the RecF pathway mainly mediates replacement of relatively long
      stretches of single strands of recipient DNA by the corresponding strands of
      donor DNA while the RecBC pathway mediates exchange of mostly double stranded DNA
      between the donor and the recipient; in addition, the RecBC pathway may also
      catalyze the integration of very small segments of single strands of the donor
      DNA. A model based on the above basic hypothesis is described. It is further
      suggested that the enzymes exonucleaseV and exonucleaseI Control the relative
      yields of the recombinants produced by the two pathways by regulating the supply
      of the donor substrates required by these pathways; the former diverts the
      potential substrate of the RecF pathway (single stranded DNA) to the duplex
      substrates of the RecBC pathway while the latter destroys the substrates of the
      RecF pathway, especially in absence of exonucleaseV.

PMID- 375001
TI  - Cis-dominant regulatory mutations affecting the expression of GABA permease in
      Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - In Aspergillus nidulans expression of the gabA gene, the probable structural gene
      for the gamma-amino-n-butyrate (GABA) permease, is controlled by induction, via
      the intA gene, ammonium repression, mediated by the areA gene, and probably
      carbon catabolite repression. Regulatory mutations, tightly linked to gabA, were
      selected by reverting an areAr-2 strain on GABA as nitrogen source. These
      mutations, gabI-1, gabI-2, and gabI-3 result in increased gabA expression and are
      cis-dominant in their effects on the gabA gene. Mapping data show that the
      regulatory mutations map on one side of all gabA- alleles tested.

PMID- 375002
TI  - Concerted repression of the synthesis of the arginine biosynthetic enzymes by
      aminoacids: a comparison between the regulatory mechanisms controlling aminoacid
      biosyntheses in bacteria and in yeast.
AB  - It has been shown that in bacteria, besides specific regulatory mechanisms, the
      synthesis of aminoacid biosynthetic enzymes is also controlled by the endogenous
      aminoacid pool. The latter regulates the intracellular level of ppGpp, a positive
      effector of RNA messenger transcription. A similar regulatory control exists in
      yeast but does not appear to involve the same general effector. This was
      established by the observation that derepression of the enzymes belonging to
      several aminoacid biosynthetic pathways follows aminoacid starvation or tRNA
      discharging. We now report the repression of the arginine pathway by the total
      aminoacid pool. New mutations affecting the repressibility of the arginine
      enzymes as well as enzymes belonging to other aminoacid biosyntheses, when cells
      are grown in the presence of an excess of aminoacids, were identified.

PMID- 375003
TI  - Genetics and biochemistry of the peptidoglycan-associated proteins b and c of
      Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - To collect information on synthesis and regulation of the peptidoglycan
      associated pore-forming outer membrane proteins b and c, mutants resistant to
      phages Me1 and TuIa were analyzed. Genetic analysis showed three linkage groups,
      corresponding with the genes tolF (phenotype b-c+), meoA (phenotype b+c-) and
      ompB (phenotypes b-c-, b-c+, b++c- and b++c+/-). It has recently been described
      that also a b+c- phenotype can occur in the latter linkage group [Chai, T.,
      Foulds, J., J. Bacteriol. 130, 781-786 (1977)]. Among ompB (b-c+)/meoA (b+c-)
      double mutants strains were found with the b+c- phenotype, showing that ompB is
      not the structural gene for protein b. Studies on purified proteins b and c
      showed profound differences between the two proteins with respect to the
      electrophoretic mobility of fragments obtained by treatment with cyanogen
      bromide, trypsin and chymotrypsin. The amino acid in position three of the amino
      termini of proteins b and c, isolated from isogenic strains, were identified as
      isoleucine and valine respectively. Both the genetic and biochemical results are
      consistent with a model recently published [Ichihara, S., Mizushima, S., J.
      Biochem. (Japan) 83, 1095-1100 (1978)] which predicts that tolF and meoA are the
      structural genes for the proteins b and c respectively and that ompB is a
      regulatory gene whose product regulates the levels of both proteins.

PMID- 375005
TI  - Template specificity of Qbeta and SP phage RNA replicases as studied by
      replication of small variant RNAs.
AB  - Template specificity of two RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (Qbeta and SP RNA
      replicases) was examined using "variant RNAs" as template. Three variant RNAs,
      one (8S) generated by Qbeta replicase and two (6S and 5.2S) generated by SP
      replicase, were isolated from the reaction mixtures incubated in the absence of
      exogenous template RNA. All these RNAs were found to be active as template for
      both Qbeta and SP replicases, though homologous RNA exhibited activities about
      three times higher than heterologous RNA with either enzyme, in agreement with
      the results obtained in phage RNA-dependent reactions. In these reactions,
      faithful replication of variant RNA was observed, and the amount of RNA
      synthesized was in a many-fold excess over the template RNA added. We also found
      that the heterologous RNA-dependent reactions were suppressed by increasing the
      concentration of salts or decreasing the concentration of substrates. Under such
      conditions, replication of heterologous variant RNA was almost completely
      suppressed, while the amount of homologous variant RNA synthesized was only
      reduced to 50% of that synthesized under the standard conditions. Thus the
      template specificity of the two RNA replicases seems to be expressed more
      strictly in these replication systems.

PMID- 375004
TI  - meoA is the structural gene for outer membrane protein c of Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - The isolation and characterization of two mutants of Escherichia coli K12 with an
      altered outer membrane protein c is described. The first mutant, strain CE1151,
      was isolated as a bacteriophage Me1 resistant strain which contains normal levels
      of protein c. Mutant cells adsorbed the phage with a strongly decreased rate.
      Complexes of purified nonheat modified wild type protein c and wild type
      lipopolysaccharide inactivated phage Me1, indicating that these components are
      required for receptor activity for phage Me1. When wild type protein c was
      replaced by protein c of strain CE1151, the receptor-complex was far less active,
      showing that protein c of strain CE1151 is altered. The second mutant produces a
      protein c with a decreased electrophoretic mobility, designated as protein c. An
      altered apparent molecular weight was also observed for one or more fragments
      obtained after fragmentation of the mutant protein with cyanogen bromide, trypsin
      and chymotrypsin. Alteration of protein c was not accompanied by a detectable
      alteration in protein b or its fragments. Both mutations are located at minute 48
      of the Escherichia coli K12 linkage map. The results strongly suggest that meoA
      is the structural gene for protein c.

PMID- 375006
TI  - Assembly of the mitochondrial membrane system: two separate genes coding for
      threonyl-tRNA in the mitochondrial DNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - 1. Mitochondria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain two tRNA's that are acylated
      with threonine. The two isoaccepting species (tRNA1Thr and tRNA2Thr) can be
      separated by reversed-phase chromatography on RPC-5. 2. A cytoplasmic mutant has
      been isolated which lacks tRNA1Thr but has normal levels of tRNA2Thr. This
      mutation was previously shown to map between the oxi 1 and oxi 2 loci on
      mitochondrial DNA. 3. tRNA1Thr and tRNA2Thr hybridize to wild type mitochondrial
      but not nuclear DNA and are capable of partially competing with each other.
      Hybridization of each species to different segments of mitochondrial DNA isolated
      from p- clones indicate that there are two threonyl tRNA genes. One gene is
      located between oxi 1 and oxi 2 and codes for tRNA1Thr. The second gene codes for
      tRNA2Thr and is near the cap locus. 4. Binding assays to E. coli ribosomes
      indicate that tRNA2Thr recognizes the threonine triplet ACA and may also
      recognize the other three triplets but with a much lower efficiency. None of the
      four codons for threonine stimulate the binding of tRNA1Thr to the ribosomes.

PMID- 375007
TI  - Production of petites by cell cycle mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae defective
      in DNA synthesis.
AB  - Mutations in two genes (cdc8 and cdc21) required for nuclear and mitochondrial
      DNA synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae result in a 6- to 11-fold increase in
      the rate of mitotic segregation of petites at the permissive temperature. The
      defect in DNA replication and the increased rate of petite production result from
      the same mutation since the two phenotypes cosegregate and corevert. Most of the
      petites isolated from strains carrying mutations in cdc8 and cdc21 contain mtDNA.
      Therefore, the petites do not result simply from an underreplication of
      mitochondrial DNA. The mutation rates for nuclear and mitochondrial genes are the
      same in cdc8, cdc21 and their wild-type parent. Therefore the petites are
      unlikely to result from an increase in the rate of base pair substitution.

PMID- 375008
TI  - Evidence for co-transcription of the RNA polymerase genes rpoBC with a ribosomal
      protein gene of escherichia coli.
AB  - The adjacent genes rpoB and rpoC code for the beta and beta' subunits of RNA
      polymerase in Escherichia coli, and are cotranscribed in the order given. The
      nearest known genes to rpoB are rplL and rplA,J,K, which code for ribosomal
      proteins, and which are transcribed in the same direction as the polymerase
      genes. It has been suggested that rpoBC may be distal elements of a larger operon
      including these ribosomal genes. To test this possibility we have cloned a
      segment of DNA, derived by endoR. HindIII digestion from the rpoBC-transducing
      bacteriophage lambdarifd18, in the replacement vector NMlambda761. The structure
      of the lambdarpoBC bacteriophages so produced is such that the inserted DNA can
      be transcribed from lambda promoters, allowing us to confirm that it carries
      intact rplL, rpoB, and rpoC genes. We have studied these bacteriophages as
      lysogens in rec+ and rec bacteria, and by infection of UV-irradiated bacterial
      strains in which lambda promoters are either repressed or active. The results
      indicate that the cloned DNA contains at most a very weak promoter for the above
      genes, in contrast to that present in the larger segment of bacterial DNA carried
      by lambdarifd18. We have in the same way cloned the adjacent bacterial HindIII
      fragment of lambdarifd18 DNA, and have found that it displays vigorous autonomous
      expression of the tufB, rplA, and rplK genes. We conclude that rpoB and C are
      obligatorily co-transcribed with rplL, from a promoter located outside the DNA
      segment cloned in lambdarpoBC. We discuss the evidence for the existence of a
      regulatory site, rpoU, located between rplL and rpoB.

PMID- 375009
TI  - Regulation of the biosynthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and of tRNA in
      Escherichia coli. IV. Mutants with increased levels of leucyl- or seryl-tRNA
      synthetase.
AB  - Spontaneous revertants of a temperature-sensitive Escherichia coli strain
      harboring a thermolabile leucyl-tRNA synthetase and seryl-tRNA synthetase were
      selected for growth at 40 degrees C. Among these, strains were found with
      increased levels of both thermolabile synthetases. Two distinct genetic loci were
      found responsible for enzyme overproduction. leuR, located near xyl, causes
      elevated levels of leucyl-tRNA synthetase; while serR, located near leu, causes
      elevated levels of seryl-tRNA synthetase.

PMID- 375011
TI  - Kinetics of recA function in conjugational recombinant formation.

PMID- 375010
TI  - DNA sequence of the transposable element IS1.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of an IS1 element recently transposed into the lacI gene
      is reported. This sequence is nearly identical to one previously reported for
      another IS1 element (Ohtsubo and Ohtsubo, 1978). The implications of this
      similarity are discussed. The sizes of potential polypeptides encoded in the IS1
      DNA have been determined and possible roles for these peptides in the
      illegitimate recombination events mediated by the element are considered.

PMID- 375012
TI  - ColE1 plasmid mobility: essential and conditional functions.
AB  - Sequences essential for the conjugal transfer of ColE1 can be divided into a cis
      acting site and a region encoding trans-acting products. Each of these was
      successively cloned into a non-transmissible plasmid vector. The resulting
      chimera was transmissible by the conjugative plasmids F'lac,pro (incFI) and
      R64drd11 (incIalpha). The sequences encoding colicin E1, immunity, and
      incompatibility were absent from this chimera: therefore they are not essential
      for the conjugal transmission of the ColE1 plasmid. In contrast to ColE1,
      however, the same chimera was deficient in conjugal transfer initiated by R751
      (incP) and R388 (incW). This suggests that ColE1 sequences other than those
      cloned in the chimeric plasmid are necessary for its mobilization by R751 and
      R388. Three such regions were revealed by screening a series of ColE1 insertion
      mutants for transfer by R751 and R388. Two of these regions encode no other known
      function while the third is encoded by a region which overlaps the gene for
      colicin E1 itself.

PMID- 375014
TI  - Genetic control of formation of very fast sedimenting DNA of bacteriophage T4.
AB  - Formation of very fast sedimenting DNA (VFS-DNA) in cells of Escherichia coli
      infected with phage T4 carrying a defect in gene 49 was differentially affected
      by a secondary mutation in gene 30 or 46; a mutation of gene 46 markedly reduced
      formation of VFS-DNA, whereas that of gene 30 did not.

PMID- 375013
TI  - Physical mapping of the Xba I, Hinc II, Bgl II, Xho I, Sst I, and Pvu II
      restriction endonuclease cleavage fragments of mitochondrial DNA of S.
      cerevisiae.
AB  - A detailed molecular dissection of the yeast mitochondrial genome can be made
      with restriction endonucleases that generate site-specific cuts in DNA. The
      ordering of restriction fragments provides the basis of the physical mapping of
      mitochondrial transcripts and antibiotic resistance (antR) loci, and is a means
      of analyzing the molecular organization of mtDNA of petite and mit- deletion
      mutants. We have previously mapped the sites in the mtDNA of yeast strain MH41-7B
      recognized by the endonucleases Eco RI, Hpa I, Hind III, Bam HI, Sal I, Pst I,
      and Hha I, providing a total of 41 cleavage sites. We have now mapped the sites
      recognized by the endonucleases Xba I, Hinc II, Bgl II, Pvu II, Xho I, and Sst I,
      which make 6, 13, 5, 6, 2, and 2 cuts, respectively. Fragment maps for each of
      these endonuclease sites were derived by analysis of the products of double
      enzyme digests and by hybridization of 3H-cRNA probes transcribed from low
      kinetic-complexity petite mtDNAs to restriction fragments generated by various
      combinations of enzymes.

PMID- 375015
TI  - Physical mapping of the yeast mitochondrial genome: derivation of the fine
      structure and gene map of strain D273-10B and comparison with a strain (MH41-7B)
      differing in genome size.
AB  - (1) We have derived a fine-structure map of the 70 kb mitochondrial genome of the
      yeast S. cerevisiae, strain D273-10B, and compared it with our previous maps for
      strain MH41-7B. Restriction fragment maps for 56 enzyme recognition sites for 13
      endonucleases, Eco RI, Hpa I, Bam HI, Hha I, Hinc II, Xba I, Hind III, Bgl II,
      Pvu II, Sal I, Pst I, Sst I, and Xho I, have been derived. We have used several
      methods to obtain these maps: (a) Four enzymes (Sal I, Sst I, Xho I, Pst I), each
      of which cuts D273-10B mtDNA at a single site, were employed to localize and
      orient fragments from multi-site enzyme digests that are cleaved by the single
      site enzyme. (b) Radioactively labeled probes (rRNA or copy RNA [cRNA]
      transcribed from simple-sequence petite mtDNA) were hybridized to restriction
      fragments from different digests for identification of fragments which share
      common sequences. (c) The products of double or triple enzyme digests were
      identified for mapping and confirmation of the localization of restriction sites.
      (2) The antibiotic-resistant (antR) loci for erythromycin (E), chloramphenicol
      (C), paromomycin (P), and oligomycin (OI, OII) were positioned on the physical
      restriction map by hybridization of 3H-labeled cRNA transcribed from simple
      sequence petite mtDNAs that retain a single genetic antR marker to appropriate
      restriction fragments bound to nitrocellulose filters. (3) Mitochondrial
      transcripts (21s rRNA, 14s rRNA, and tRNAs) labeled with 125I were hybridized to
      restriction fragments for identification of the corresponding coding sequence.
      (4) The gene order and localization of the antR loci and mitochondrial
      transcripts are as follows: C(0-1.5u)-tRNA I(0-21.5u)-P(29-36.6u)-tRNA II(29
      46.4u)-14s rRNA(36-38.3u)-OII(60.3-62.5u) - tRNA III(73-76u) - OI(78.6-83.0u) -
      tRNA IV(82.5-83.0u) - E(94.2-98.6u) - 21s rRNA (94.2-99.4u). (5) The DNA fine
      structure and gene map of the 70 kb D273-10B mtDNA were compared to the map of
      the larger MH41-7B (76 kb) mtDNA. There are 56 restriction sites on D273-10B and
      67 sites on MH41-7B for the 13 enzymes studied. The additional restriction sites
      are largely accounted for by the presence, in MH41-7B, of two sets of sequences,
      "A" (2.7 kb) and "B" (3.0 kb), located on either side of the OII marker. The
      remainder of the fragments map is remarkably similar for the two strains. The
      distances separating the antR loci and the mitochondrial transcripts are very
      similar except in the two regions surrounding OII.

PMID- 375016
TI  - In vitro system for the replication of the mini R1 factor Rsc11.
AB  - The in vitro synthesis of the mini R1-factor, Rsc11, was achieved using a soluble
      Escherichia coli cell-extract system. Triton X-100 lysates of the K12 strain 1101
      (Rsc11) fractionated by Sephadex G25 chromatography supported the incorporation
      of labeled deoxyribonucleotides into covalently-closed circular (30S) and open
      circular (25S) plasmid DNA as well as other molecules of various sizes. DNA
      synthesis required the presence of all four ribonucleotides and was rifampicin
      sensitive. Pulse-chase experiments indicated that this reaction is discontinuous.
      A dependence on ATP and sensitivity to nalidixic acid suggested this system
      capable of the replicative synthesis of Rsc11 DNA. Density-shift analysis
      confirmed this. In addition to hybrid, fully-heavy plasmid supercoils were
      synthesized indicating that more than one round of replication was completed.
      Approximately one-third of the molecules available to the system participate in
      this reaction.

PMID- 375017
TI  - Studies on the control of development. Highly phosphorylated nucleotides (HPN)
      are correlated with ascospore formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 375019
TI  - The DNA repair capability of cdc9, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant defective
      in DNA ligase.
AB  - The cell cycle mutant, cdc9, in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is defective
      in DNA ligase be deficient in the repair of DNA damaged by methyl methane
      sulphonate. On the other hand survival of cdc9 after irradiation by gamma-rays is
      little different from that of the wild-type, even after a period of stress at the
      restrictive temperature. The mutant cdc9 is not allelic with any known rad or mms
      mutants.

PMID- 375018
TI  - Control of bacteriophage lambda repressor establishment transcription: kinetics
      of l-strand transcription from the y-cII-oop-O-P region.
AB  - The kinetics of lambda l-strand repressor establishment RNA synthesis were
      measured from the y-cII region of induced tof- prophage. The activity of the
      repressor is epistatic to the expression of gene tof coding for the antirepressor
      (Tof). The activity of Tof, is epistatic to the expression of repressor gene cI
      transcription from Prm and the expression of repressor establishment
      transcription from a site 600 to 800 nucleotides upstream from Prm. Three modes
      of l-strand rex-cI-tof-y-cII-oop transcription occur: (a) Prm promoted cI-rex
      mRNA synthesis from noninduced prophage, (b) coordinate lit and oop synthesis
      from induced tof+ prophage and (c) establishment transcription from induced tof-
      prophage. The synthesis or stability of oop RNA is much reduced from induced tof
      , compared with tof+ prophage. The oop transcription from tof- prophage is not
      coordinate with RNA synthesis from the y-cII interval. The y-cII-(oop) portion of
      the establishment transcript appears more unstable than the translated downstream
      copy of genes rex-cI. The initiation of any repressor establishment transcription
      requires the products of lambda genes cIII, cII, P and Escherichia coli genes
      dnaB, dnaG, but not actual lambda DNA synthesis. This result demonstrates that
      common factors, i.e. replication gene products, are required for the initiation
      of establishment transcription, lambda replication and lit, oop RNA synthesis;
      and explains why cIII+ cI+ cII+ replication defective phage lysogenize poorly at
      low multiplicities of infection. The cIII and cII products were shown to act
      after an earlier replication initiation or activation event. Repressor
      establishment transcription and repressor mRNA synthesis from Prm (from induced
      cI- tof-, cIII- cI- tof- or cI- tof- cii- prophage) are amplified by gene dosage.
      The extent of lysogenization of E. coli by lambda cIII-, cII- or replication
      minus mutants, defective for initiation of establishment synthesis, is attributed
      to gene dosage dependent transcription from Prm. The mechanism by which Tof
      inhibits the initiation of establishment transcription does not appear to require
      repression of RNA synthesis from PL and PR. RNA synthesis from these promoters is
      blocked by renaturation of the repressor 5 min after induction, before
      establishment transcription is detected; however, establishment RNA synthesis
      measured between 12-13 min after induction, i.e. 7 min after renaturation of the
      repressor, is only partially reduced.

PMID- 375020
TI  - Spontaneous degradation of pRD1 DNA into unique size classes is recA dependent.
AB  - The his and nif genes of the P1 type plasmid pRD1 were lost at a high frequency
      in a recA+ but not in a recA- Escherichia coli host during growth in a non
      selective medium. 92% of the His- Nif- segregants after 6 subcultures retained
      the genetic markers of the precursor plasmid RP4, while the remainder lost all of
      the pRD1 markers with the concomitant loss of ccc-DNA. Plasmids purified from the
      His- Nif- segregants resembled RP4 in the physical and genetic properties
      examined. The contour length of pRD1 DNA molecules from a recA- strain was 49
      micrometer corresponding to a molecular weight of 101 Mdals and the buoyant
      density was 1.715 g/cm3. In contrast, the contour lengths of plasmid molecules
      isolated from a recA+ host carrying pRD1 fell into 3 size classes of 49, 19 and 2
      micrometer corresponding to molecular weights of 101, 39 and 4 Mdals respectively
      and two DNA species of buoyant density 1.715 and 1.719 g/cm3 were observed.

PMID- 375022
TI  - The regulation of hexokinase and phosphoglucomutase activity in Aspergillus
      nidulans.
AB  - The levels of glucose-6-phosphate and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in
      wildtype cells of Aspergillus nidulans varied with the carbon and nitrogen
      source. In general, hexokinase activity did not vary with carbon or nitrogen
      source. The ammonium derepressed mutant amrA1 had only 50% of the wildtype level
      of hexokinase. Phosphoglucomutase activity was low in wildtype cells grown with
      nitrate, but high in cells grown with ammonium when glucose was the carbon
      source. A non-inducible mutant, nirA-1, in the regulatory gene for nitrate
      reductase, had high phosphoglucomutase activity when grown with nitrate or
      ammonium. A constitutive mutant nirAc1, in the regulatory gene for nitrate
      reductase had low phosphoglucomutase activity when grown with nitrate or
      ammonium. The mutants nir-1 and nirAc1 are recessive and semi-dominant
      respectively for abnormal phosphoglucomutase activity.

PMID- 375021
TI  - DNA synthesis in UV-irradiated Escherichia coli K-12 strains carrying dnaA
      mutations.
AB  - It has been found that UV irradiation of dnaA mutants of E. coli K-12 enables the
      initiation of DNA synthesis at a temperature restrictive to these mutants. The UV
      induced DNA synthesis is dependent on protein synthesis and on a transcriptional
      event at a time when protein synthesis is no longer required. In contrast to dnaA
      mutants UV irradiation fails to induce DNA synthesis in the two other initiation
      mutants dnaC2 and dnaB252. DNA synthesis at the restrictive temperature is
      initiated also when the tif-1 phenotype is expressed in the dnaA46 tif-1 double
      mutant. Possible mechanisms of the observed capability of dnaA mutants to
      synthesize DNA at the restrictive temperature after UV irradiation or under
      conditions of tif-1 expression are discussed.

PMID- 375023
TI  - Transposition of DNA inserted into deletions of the Tn5 kanamycin resistance
      element.
AB  - Tn5-trp hybrid transposons have been constructed by insertion of a trpPOED Hind
      III fragment into an in vivo Tn5 internal deletion mutant or by substitution of
      trp for the internal Tn5 Hind III fragment. These hybrids are called,
      respectively, Tn409 and Tn410. Both Tn409 and Tn410 will transpose into lambda in
      the presence of a complementing Tn5 element. In the absence of a wild Tn5,
      lysogens carrying R1162::Tn409 and R1162::Tn410 plasmids will yield lambdatrp
      phages at less than six per cent of the complemented frequency. This reduction
      indicates that Tn409 and Tn410 lack a diffusible transposition function provided
      by wild Tn5 elements. However, the formation of lambdatrp phages without
      complementation is real. Most of these transducing particles contain Tn409 and
      Tn410 still linked to the carrier R1162 plasmid. This observation suggests that
      uncomplemented Tn409 and Tn410 elements mediate the formation of lambda
      transposon-plasmid cointegrate structures. Thus, the missing transposition
      function may be involved in resolving these cointegrate structures to the final
      lambda::Tn409 or lambda::Tn410 product.

PMID- 375024
TI  - Molecular cloning of the 4.2 Md EcoRI fragment of Aspergillus nidulans
      mitochondrial DNA.
AB  - The 4.2 Md EcoRI fragment of Aspergillus nidulans mitochondrial DNA was cloned
      using the plasmid pBR 332 as vector and E. coli as host. Hitherto unknown
      sequence of HindIII sites within this region of mitochondrial genome was
      established.

PMID- 375025
TI  - Expression of Escherichia coli tryptophan operon in Rhizobium leguminosarum.
AB  - RP4-trp hybrid plasmid containing Escherichia coli whole tryptophan operon was
      conjugatively transferred from E. coli to Rhizobium leguminosarum strains
      carrying mutations in different trp genes, converting their Trp- phenotype to
      Trp+. That the phenotype change of the R. leguminosarum cells was due to the
      presence of the E. coli tryptophan operon was verified by the isolation of RP4
      trp hybrid plasmid from the R. leguminosarum conjugant cells, and by re-transfer
      of RP4-trp plasmid by conjugation back to E. coli trp and Pseudomonas putida trp
      strains. Enzymatic activities of anthranilate synthetase and beta subunit of
      tryptophan synthetase in crude extracts of R. leguminosarum cells containing RP4
      trp plasmid were much higher than that of the wild-type cells and were not
      repressed by the presence of tryptophan in the culture medium.

PMID- 375026
TI  - Genetic evidence for the nature, and excision repair, of DNA lesions resulting
      from incorporation of 5-bromouracil.
AB  - Escherichia coli mutants defective in DNA uracil N-glycosidase (ung-) or
      endonuclease VI active against apurinic/apyrimidinic sites in DNA (xthA-) exhibit
      enhanced sensitivity towards 5-bromodeoxyuridine relative to the wild type
      strain, pointing to involvement of these enzymes in repair of bromouracil-induced
      lesions in DNA. Mutants defective in DNA polymerase I, either in polymerizing
      activity (polAl-) or (5' leads to 3')-exonuclease activity (polA107-) exhibit
      unusually high sensitivity (including marked lethality) in the presence of 5
      bromodeoxyuridine. The results indicate that DNA polymerase I, and its associated
      (5'--3')-exonuclease activity, are involved in repair of bromouracil-induced
      lesions and are not readily replaced, if at all, by DNA polymerases II and III.
      Thermosensitive mutant in DNA ligase gene (lig ts7) shows high sensitivity
      towards 5-bromodeoxyuridine at 42 degrees C indicating the role of the enzyme in
      repair of bromouracil-induced lesions in DNA. Involvement of DNA uracil N
      glycosidase, and endonuclease active against apurinic/apyrimidinic sites in
      recognition and repair of 5-bromouracil-induced damage permits of some inferences
      regarding the nature of this damage (lesions), in particular dehalogenation of
      incorporated bromouracil to uracil residues.

PMID- 375027
TI  - Non-random distribution of transduction termini in transductants from the
      integrated R plasmid, R100-1.
AB  - Tra+ and tra- derivatives of drug resistance plasmid, R100-1, were isolated by
      phage P1 from an Hfr donor with integrated R100-1 and then analyzed by
      complementation tests with tra- point mutants of Flac. Tra+ derivatives of R100-1
      carrying tetracycline resistance alone and those carrying all six drug
      resistrance genes could support transfer of tra- point mutants of Flac except
      Flac traJ, whereas all of tra- derivatives of R100-1 failed to complement any one
      of tra- point mutants of Flac. This suggests that these tra- derivatives of R100
      1 carrying tetracycline resistance gene are deleted for all the transfer genes
      impaired in the Flac point mutants tested. We assume a "hot point", probably a
      specific base sequence similar to an IS element, at the left of the tetracycline
      gene (Fig. 1) becomes a transduction terminus in transduction of the integrated
      R100-1 by phage P1. Complementation analysis of tra- derivatives carrying five
      resistance genes except the tetracycline gene led us to a supposition that a
      gene(s), probably analogous to traJ of the F plasmid, is located on R100-1 near
      the tetracycline gene which plays an important regulatory role for self-transfer
      as well as for the complementation of tra- Flac mutants.

PMID- 375028
TI  - The regulation of RNA synthesis in yeast IV. Synthesis of double-stranded RNA.
AB  - A study has been made of the regulation of the synthesis of Pl double-stranded
      (ds) RNA, the genome of the yeast virus-like particle. When yeast protein
      synthesis is prevented by starvation for a required amino acid or by addition of
      cycloheximide, the rate of Pl dsRNA synthesis is reduced markedly. During
      nitrogen starvation the synthesis of Pl dsRNA persists but is accompanied by the
      degradation of pre-existing molecules. This degradation appears to require the
      induction of new enzymes and it is likely that the breakdown products are used to
      enable the cell to complete its division cycle. However, all of the copies of the
      VLP genome are not degraded in this process, some are conserved and can replenish
      the amount of Pl dsRNA on return to growth conditions. The controls which must
      operate on Pl dsRNA synthesis are discussed and compared with those exerted on
      nuclear RNA synthesis in yeast.

PMID- 375030
TI  - Mutants in yeast affecting ethidium bromide induced rho- formation and their
      effects on transmission and recombination of mitochondrial genes.
AB  - A series of mutants called ebi, less inducible by ethidium bromide than the
      parental strain for the rho+ leads to rho- mutation have been isolated after
      E.M.S. mutagenesis. Some of the ebi mutants also show an important accumulation
      of rho- cells, in the absence of ethidium bromide. Ebi mutations are nuclearly
      inherited as shown by meiotic segregation. The effects of these mutants on the
      transmission and recombination of mitochondrial genes among the diploid progeny
      of crosses have been studied. Some of the ebi mutants show a non coordinated
      transmission of the oli1 mitochondrial marker with respect to other mitochondrial
      markers unexpected for homosexual crosses. This bias which is independent from
      omega will be discussed in relation to the segregation and recombination. No
      significant decrease of the frequency of recombinants has been detected.

PMID- 375029
TI  - Transposon-insertion mutants of Escherichia coli K12 defective in a component
      common to galactose and ribose chemotaxis.
AB  - From a collection of 8,000 transposon-insertion mutants of Escherichia coli K12
      we identified two mutations, trg-1::Tn5 and trg-2::Tn10, that simultaneously
      eliminate chemotactic response to ribose and galactose, two attractants
      recognized by independent receptors. We show that these transposon-insertions
      confer a Trg phenotype, indicating that this specific pattern of tactic defects
      is a null phenotype. The two mutation sites are cotransductionally linked to an
      extend consistent with placement in the same gene. The Trg phenotype of a family
      of deletion mutants produced by curing trg-2::Tn10 implies that trg is a single
      gene. Experiments with appropriate F-primes and Hfr's locate the trg locus at
      approximately 31 min on the linkage map, with a marker order: pyrF-rac-(P.O. 43)
      trg-man. We also found one trg mutant whose Trg phenotype was not linked to a
      transposon-insertion but is probably the result of a mutator activity in the
      parent strain. Selection of transposon-insertions near, but not in trg allowed
      demonstration of a very close linkage between the spontaneous trg-3 and the
      transposon-generated trg's, indicating all three mutations are probably in the
      same gene. In our manipulations of transposon-insertions we found that Tn5 had a
      tendency to translocate from its initial site of insertion while Tn10 was
      relatively stable. The trg-product is probably a chemotactic signal transducer,
      which interacts directly with two independent receptor proteins and transmits
      information to the central chemotactic machinery.

PMID- 375031
TI  - Study of a suppressor of mutT in Escherichia coli.
AB  - A suppressor mutation of E. coli mut T has been isolated and mapped in the lue-
      ace(E/F) region.

PMID- 375032
TI  - Cloning of the replication gene P of bacteriophage lambda: effects of increased P
      protein synthesis on cellular and phage DNA replication.
AB  - A restriction fragment of lambdaDNA carrying the P gene was cloned in the high
      copy number plasmid RSF2124. Cells harbouring this new plasmid RSF2124/lambdaE
      complement lambdaPam80 phage. A lac promoter-operator region (lacP), produced by
      EcoRI digestion of plasmid pKB252, was inserted into RSF2124/lambdaE such that
      induction of the lac promoter by IPTG or lactose leads to increased production of
      the P gene product. A high amount of P protein in E. coli cells results in a slow
      inhibition of bacterial DNA synthesis, suggesting that the initiation reaction is
      blocked by P protein. Synthesis of lambdaDNA proceeds normally under these
      conditions. Nonsuppressing groPA15 mutant bacteria which are unable to support
      the replication of wild-type lambda (lambdawt), acquire the ability to replicate
      lambdaPam80 phage but not lambdawt when they are transformed with a plasmid
      carrying the lambdaP gene. When harbouring a plasmid containing the mutant Pamber
      80 gene, groPA15 mutants are able to support the replication of lambdawt phage
      when infected at a high multiplicity. lambdaPam80 phage does not multiply in
      these cells.

PMID- 375033
TI  - The influence of certain growth conditions on the phosphatase activity of
      Streptococcus mutans grown in batch and continuous culture.
AB  - Acid phosphatase activity was detected in Streptococcus mutans strain NCTC 10832,
      and both acid and alkaline phosphatase in strains 2M2 and K1R. In batch culture,
      activity was maximal by mid exponential phase for 2M2 and at the end of this
      phase for NCTC 10832. Alkaline, but not acid, phosphatase activity of 2M2 and K1R
      increased when the inorganic phosphate in the medium was low; this was considered
      due, at least partly, to inducible or derepressible enzymes. In continuous
      culture, acid phosphatase activity of NCTC 10832 varied with the sugar substrate.
      The activity was increased by cell disruption and the degree of this increase for
      cells grown on different sugars parallelled the amounts of extracellular,
      insoluble polysaccharide produced on those sugars. Activity was highest for
      glucose-grown whole cells and for sucrose-grown disrupted cells.

PMID- 375034
TI  - Stability and maturation of E. coli ribosomal RNA.
AB  - The kinetics of rRNA maturation were investigated in a rifampicin permeable
      strain of E. coli during exponential growth in glucose minimal medium. The method
      used involves isotopic labelling of rRNA, and separation of precursor and mature
      forms by gel electrophoresis. The maturation of both 16s and 23s rRNA was found
      to follow first order kinetics. The mean life time of the precursors was found to
      be about 1.5 min. In glucose minimal medium all pulse label in precursors was
      recovered in mature rRNA, i.e. nascent rRNA is stable.

PMID- 375035
TI  - Transport of tetracyclines through the bacterial cell membrane assayed by
      fluorescence: a study with susceptible and resistant strains of Staphylococcus
      aureus and Escherichia coli.
AB  - The fluorescence of 12 tetracyclines in buffered solutions was measured by
      excitation at 400 nm and emission at 520 nm. The fluorescence varied markedly for
      different tetracyclines at equivalent concentrations. Demethylchlortetracycline
      exhibited more fluorescence than both chlortetracycline and demthyltetracycline;
      minocycline was virtually non-fluorescent at the conditions of the study.
      Fluorescence was highly dependent on the polarity of the solvent; when the buffer
      solution in water was replaced by a solvent containing 50% methanol, fluorescence
      increased significantly, but to various degrees for different tetracyclines. The
      most striking influence of the addition of methanol was observed for doxycycline
      (5-oxy 6-deoxy-tetracycline), whereas the influence on anhydrotetracycline was
      negligible. When suspensions of a susceptible strain of Staphylococcus aureus
      were added to solutions of tetracyclines, membrane permeation of the drugs could
      be monitored by an increase in fluorescence. This increase varied strikingly with
      the different drugs and could not be correlated with the concentrations for 50%
      growth inhibition (Ki). This might be due to the quantitative variations in the
      intracellular level corresponding to a certain external concentration of the
      respective drug. When tetracycline-resistant strains of S. aureus and Escherichia
      coli were exposed to tetracycline, the intensity of fluorescence observed was
      less than for the corresponding susceptible strains; in spite of this, the
      quantitative differences of fluorescence exhibited by the susceptible and
      resistant strains seemed slight in relation to the differences in susceptibility.
      It was demonstrated that minocycline inhibits the membrane transport of
      tetracycline in S. aureus and E. coli. This inhibition seems to be competitive
      for S. aureus, but not for E. coli.

PMID- 375036
TI  - Publications concerning microscopic equipment, methods, applications and related
      topics.

PMID- 375037
TI  - [Physiological properties of the thionic bacteria isolated from Paleogene
      deposits].

PMID- 375039
TI  - [Nuclear polyhedrosis of the brindled beauty moth, Biston hirtaria Chiff
      (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)].

PMID- 375038
TI  - [Susceptibility of hawkmoths and their cell cultures to the polyhedrosis virus
      from an uncharacteristic host].

PMID- 375041
TI  - [tRNA-methylase study of the extreme thermophile, Thermus flavus].
AB  - tRNA methylases were studied in the extreme thermophilic culture of Thermus
      flavus, strain 71. Like E. coli, the culture contained only those tRNA methylases
      which catalysed the formation of m1A and m7G. Mg2+, Ca2+ and Na+ ions activated
      tRNA methylases of Thermus flavus in the series Mg greater than Ca greater than
      Na while Mn2+ ions inhibited the enzyme. The activity of tRNA methylases was
      higher in T. flavus than in E. coli, and required less protein and time for
      exhaustive methylation of tRNA preparations. The overall activity of methylases
      in T. flavus at 70 degrees C was 5-6 times higher than at 40 degrees C; the
      elevation of temperature had different effect on various methylases: the activity
      of m1A methylase increased 13-fold whereas that of m7G methylase only twofold.

PMID- 375040
TI  - [Role of metabolic energy in the regulation of chlortetracycline transport in
      Escherichia coli].
AB  - The uptake of chlorotetracycline by the E. coli K-12 strain sensitive to this
      antibiotic and by its resistant mutant E. coli E-6-X is regulated by the
      antibiotic transport being coupled and uncoupled with the metabolic energy, this
      being determined by the concentration of chlorotetracycline in the medium. If the
      level of the antibiotic is lower than the subbacteriostatic concentration, its
      accumulation by both strains requires the metabolic energy and can be suppressed
      by formaldehyde or 2,4-dinitrophenol. As the concentration of chlorotetracycline
      increases, it is no more absorbed by the cells of the sensitive strain, via the
      active transport and its accumulation does not change in the presence of 2,4
      dinitrophenol or glucose. In the resistant strain, the mechanism of the energy
      dependent transport of chlorotetracycline from the cells starts to function: the
      accumulation of the antibiotic decreases in the presence of glucose and increases
      in the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol.

PMID- 375042
TI  - [Morphological changes in the cells of Escherichia coli damaged by nitrous
      yperite].
AB  - Nitrous yperite supressed division of E. coli cells; as a result, filaments and
      giant abnormal cells appeared. Apparently, giant forms were caused by defects in
      the cell wall induced by nitrous ypertie due to a mutation in the mon gene of the
      strain. These cells gave rise to normal cells as well as to small bacteria
      resembling mini-cell.

PMID- 375043
TI  - [Capsule formation in saprophytic yeasts].
AB  - Among ten carbon sources and five nitrogen sources tested, D-mannose (3%) and
      peptone (0.2%) were found to be the best ones for stimulating capsule formation
      by the yeast Cryptococcus magnus. Addition of yeast extract (0.1%) to the medium
      favoured formation of larger capsules. Elevated concentrations of mannose and
      peptone inhibited capsule formation. Comparison of the results obtained with the
      data about the effect of cultivation conditions on capsule formation by the
      pathogenic yeast revealed no considerable differences between the latter and the
      saprophytic yeast.

PMID- 375045
TI  - A welcome interruption: the metronome in electrophysiology.

PMID- 375044
TI  - [Modified method for determining water pollution by using a Serratia marcescens
      culture].
AB  - The method for determining the degree of water pollution with the aid of a
      bacterial tracer has been improved by using: (1) a technique for maintaining the
      culture of Serratia marcescens; (2) a medium whose composition provided for a
      high level of prodigiosin in the bacterial culture; and (3) an express method for
      assaying the degree of pigmentation during growth of Ser. marcescens on solid
      media.

PMID- 375046
TI  - A minimum-interrupt digital interface for the Coulter S blood analyzer and IBM
      1800 computer.
AB  - A computer interface for the fully automatic transfer of data from a Coulter
      model S blood analyzer to an IBM 1800 data acquisition and control system is
      described. The design objective was to eliminate manual handling of hematology
      data in order to enhance the reporting effectiveness of a computer-supported
      clinical pathology laboratory. Using integrated circuits and optical isolation
      techniques, the interface requires no modification of either the Coulter analyzer
      or the IBM computer. Successful operation of the interface has been demonstrated
      for over 4 years in two different hospitals.

PMID- 375047
TI  - [Hormone examination in infertile men].

PMID- 375048
TI  - [Primary carcinoma of the gallbladder].

PMID- 375049
TI  - [Reconstructive surgery of the bile ducts].

PMID- 375051
TI  - Evaluation of a modified dye pour-plate auxanographic method for the rapid
      identification of clinically significant yeasts. Comparison with two commercial
      systems.
AB  - A modified dye pour-plate auxanographic (DPPA) method for the presumptive
      identification of medically important yeasts was evaluated, in a comparative
      study with a conventional procedure, the API 20C clinical yeast system (Analytab
      Products Inc.), and the Uni-Yeast-Tek (UYT) system. The 174 coded clinical
      isolates were members of the genera Candida, Cryptococcus, Rhodotorula,
      Saccharomyces, Torulopsis, and Trichosporon. The identification accuracies with
      DPPA, API, and UYT were 95%, 93%, and 99% respectively. DPPA and API required
      more time to inoculate but gave rapid identification profiles. UYT was simple to
      inoculate and both UYT and DPPA were easy to read. Cost analysis of the three
      rapid methods demonstrated DPPA to be the most economical making it a feasible
      alternative for small clinical laboratories as well as large laboratories
      possessing the facilities to make their own media.

PMID- 375052
TI  - Fungal peritonitis and malignancy: report of two patients and review of the
      literature.
AB  - Two patients developed isolated Candida albicans peritonitis in association with
      intraabdominal malignancy. Although additional factors predisposing to the
      development of fungal peritonitis were present, we postulate that tumor-related
      local factors permitted fungi to cross the gut wall and to enter the peritoneum,
      where the host immune status determined whether the infection spread. These two
      cases are the sixth and seventh reported cancer patients who developed fungal
      peritonitis, but the first two who had the fungal infection localized to the
      peritoneum; and this is the first report known to us specifically associating
      intraabdominal malignancy and fungal peritonitis. Patients who develop fungal
      peritonitis may have a primary or metastatic intraabdominal malignancy, and fungi
      should be considered as a cause of peritonitis in cancer patients.

PMID- 375050
TI  - A clinical trial with Alice/R-75 strain, live attenuated serum inhibitor
      resistant intranasal bivalent influenza A/B vaccine.
AB  - A clinical trial was conducted with Alice/R-75 strain live attenuated intranasal
      influenza A/B vaccine. With double blind control 88 adult volunteers were
      administered 2 doses of Alice/R-75 vaccine, 93 volunteers received one dose of
      Alice/R-75 vaccine and one dose placebo solution and 94 subjects were
      administered 2 doses of placebo solution. Twenty-three other subjects received
      Alice strain monovalent influenza A vaccine. For comparison, data from 21
      subjects who received monovalent intranasal R-75 strain influenza B in two doses
      is included. The vaccine was generally well tolerated. Four-fold serum
      hemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) antibody titer rises to A/England/42/72
      occurred in 39% of the monovalent Alice strain vaccines; in contrast 18% of those
      given 2 doses of bivalent Alice/R-75 vaccine and 11% of those given 1 dose of
      bivalent vaccine had similar four-fold HAI antibody titer rises. HAI antibody
      titer rises to influenza B/Hong Kong/72 occurred in 38% of R-75 strain monovalent
      vaccinees, 14% of Alice/R-75 2-dose vaccinees and 11% of Alice/R-75 one dose
      vaccinees. An epidemic of influenza at onset of the study made evaluation of the
      efficacy of the vaccine impossible.

PMID- 375053
TI  - Combination chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a ten year follow-up study.
AB  - In 1968 the Cancer and Acute Leukemia Group B (CALGB) demonstrated optimal
      control of disseminated non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) with vincristine-prednisone
      induction followed by cyclophosphamide maintenance. A study was then begun to
      determine whether four drugs in combination or sequence could achieve greater
      control. NHL patients at each participating CALGB institution were randomly
      assigned to one of three regimens:I) Cyclic vincristine-streptonigrin alternating
      every 2 weeks with cyclophosphamide-prednisone up to 155 days; II) Sequential
      treatment with the same 4 drugs taken singly up to 182 days; and III) Vincristine
      prednisone induction for 6 weeks followed by cyclophosphamide maintenance.
      Results are now reported after a 10 year follow-up period. The 203 evaluable
      patients are those on whom Rappaport histopathologic classification was
      available. Frequency of complete-response did not differ significantly among the
      three regimens: I) 38%; II) 30%; and III) 45%. Remission durations were
      significantly longer among patients receiving maintenance therapy. After ten
      years, two patients from Regimen I, one from Regimen II, and five from Regimen
      III remain alive and well. It was concluded that neither of the four-drug
      regimens conferred a significant advantage in terms of response rate or survival
      time over the standard treatment.

PMID- 375054
TI  - Side effects of sodium valproate (sodium di-N-propylacetate) on malonyldialdehyde
      production and other platelet function tests.

PMID- 375055
TI  - [Some metabolic aspects of acquired defects of the release reaction (acquired
      storage pool deficiency)].

PMID- 375057
TI  - Purchasing: healthcare kickbacks widespread?

PMID- 375056
TI  - Infanticide. A historical perspective.

PMID- 375058
TI  - HCFA's trapped.

PMID- 375059
TI  - Medicare regs threaten 'controlled' providers.

PMID- 375060
TI  - Laboratory diagnosis of systemic mycoses in dogs. Part I.

PMID- 375061
TI  - Organization, replication and modification of the human genome: temporal order of
      synthesis and methylation of two classes of HeLa nDNA separated in Ag+--Cs2-SO4
      gradients.
AB  - During the HeLa S-phase, DNA was methylated, at 1-hr intervals in isolated nuclei
      and fractionated in Ag+-Cs2SO4 gradients providing a heavy GC-rich peak and a
      main light AT-rich peak. Both size and specific methylation of these peaks
      changed during the nDNA duplicative phase. Replication of the heavy GC-rich nDNA
      fraction, which contains genes for ribosomal RNA, occurred in early S; in
      contrast, replication of the main AT-rich nDNA fraction was maximal in late S.
      Concomitantly, specific methylation of the GC-rich nDNA was maximal in the first
      part of S, while that of the AT-rich nDNA was maximal in the second part of S.
      This suggested that genes are replicated and methylated with order during the S
      phase.

PMID- 375062
TI  - [Isolation and properties of DNA-cytosine methyltransferase from Escherichia coli
      C].
AB  - The method of isolation and partial purification of DNA-cytosine
      methyltransferase (DC-methylase) from E. coli C is described. The enzyme
      underwent approximately 100-fold purification. The obtained preparation of DC
      methylase can be additionally considerably purified by sedimentation in sucrose
      gradient. Native molecular weight of DC-methylase from E. coli C. is 70,000. The
      activity of enzyme does not depend on the Mg2+ ions. DC-methylase E. coli C
      provides DNA of lambda phage in vitro with full resistance against restriction
      endonuclease EcoRII. In DNA methylated by DC-methylase the modified cytosine,
      mainly in C-MC and C-MC-T sequences, corresponds to the pyrimidine sequences of
      specific site EcoRII. DNA of lambda.B phage contains approximately 80 sites for
      modification by DC-methylase E. coli C. The results obtained point to the same
      specificity in vitro of DNA-cytosine-methylase E. coli C and DNA-methylase
      EcoRII.

PMID- 375063
TI  - [Modification of the RNA-polymerase of Escherichia coli by diethylpyrocarbonate].
AB  - E. coli DNA dependent RNA polymerase was modified by diethylpyrocarbonate.
      Optical and kinetic properties of the reaction were studied. More than 90% of RNA
      polymerase activity is inhibited by introduction of 9--11 ethoxyformyl groups per
      enzyme molecule without loss of its ability to bind DNA template. Furthermore the
      modified enzyme is able to form tight complexes with DNA and to compete with
      native enzyme for the formation of rifampicin-resistant complex. The ratio of the
      complex formation constants for the native and modified enzyme was determined to
      be equal to 10. The enzyme modified to such extent loses the activity in DNA
      dependent RNA as well as pppApU synthesis. Vmax value rather than Km value for
      both ATP and UTP decreases following the modification reaction. Incubation of the
      enzyme modified to the 10% of residual activity with 0.2 M hydroxylamine for 2
      hours results in restoration of RNA polymerase activity. Most but not all of the
      modified histidyl residues restore their native structure. Two of 13 histidyl
      residues were modified irreversibly due to Bamberger's cleavage reaction, but
      these two residues were found to be unessential for RNA polymerase activity.
      Reaction with higher concentration of the diethylpyrocarbonate induces
      modification of more than 15--20 histidyl residues and leads to irreversible
      inactivation of the enzyme. Nevertheless the modification of the additional
      histidyl redidues was reversible as well as the modification of the first 11
      residues. RNA polymerase modified to such extent loses the ability to bind DNA.
      Preformation of the initiated ternary complex of RNA polymerase with template and
      product fails to protect the enzyme from reversible inactivation at a low reagent
      concentration, but markedly decreases the rate of the irreversible and unspecific
      modification of sulfhydryl or amino groups of the enzyme. Reaction with the
      ternary complex results in reversible inactivation of the enzyme with respect to
      elongation of RNA chains as well as the pyrophosphate exchange reaction. The
      complex itself was, however, completely stable under the reaction conditions and
      the enzyme subunit structure was also conserved after the reaction. Evidently,
      the mild modification of the histidyl residues with diethylpyrocarbonate
      selectively inhibits RNA chain elongation.

PMID- 375064
TI  - [Hydration of a preparation of total yeast tRNA].
AB  - The interaction of water molecules from the vapour phase with the total backer's
      yeast tRNA preparation was studied by the dynamic aquametric method. The primary
      hydration sites for processes of sorption and desorption of water molecules was
      evaluated by means of multilayer adsorption BET-equation. It was shown that the
      primary hydration sites are the oxygen atoms in the ribose-phosphate backbone of
      the tRNA molecule. The structure of surfaces of globular proteins and tRNA
      molecules were compared from the point of view of their ability to interact with
      water molecules. The higher degree of maximal hydration (under saturated water
      vapour or in aqueous solution) was considered as a result of regular arrangement
      of the most part of tRNA primary hydration sites.

PMID- 375065
TI  - Origins and control of stereotyped movements.
AB  - A large number of retarded individuals exhibit repetitive and rhythmical
      movements of a highly stereotyped character. Common forms of these behaviors
      include body rocking, head nodding, hand waving, head banging and so on. Such
      behaviors are distinguished by their apparently maladaptive and excessive nature.
      The frequency of these bizarre responses in negatively correlated with measured
      intelligence. Stereotyped movements usually have their onsets early in the life
      of the individual and, in many cases, appear to have become functionally
      autonous. A variety of theories have been proposed to explain the onset and
      maintenance of stereotyped movements. None can be accepted to the exclusion of
      others and all have some empirical support. Problems of measurement are
      particularly difficult ones in this area. Of the various methods devised to
      suppress stereotyped movements, those based on principles of learning seem to be
      the most popular. However, generalization and durability of suppression effects
      generally have not been dealt with adequately. Much less attention has been paid
      to ecological analyses of the natural environments in which individuals exhibits
      stereotypies. A case can be made that our knowledge about the initiating
      conditions for these behaviors and subsequent effects on the natural environment
      is far less than perfect. A number of research directions are suggested.

PMID- 375066
TI  - [Prof. Karoly Farkas (1905--1979)].

PMID- 375067
TI  - Renovascular hypertension: newer concepts in etiology, diagnosis, medical, and
      surgical management.

PMID- 375068
TI  - The New York State Medicaid Cost Containment Program: a case study and critique.

PMID- 375069
TI  - Speed and recovery of anaerobes from clinical specimens: evaluation of two
      methods.

PMID- 375070
TI  - Illness, creativity and Marcel Proust.

PMID- 375071
TI  - Immunoperoxidase localization of carcinoembryonic antigen in benign and malignant
      colorectal tumors and related mucosa.

PMID- 375072
TI  - Phycomycosis: a case report combining surgical, therapeutic and dental
      management.

PMID- 375073
TI  - Characterization of DNA adenine methylation mutants of Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - The phenotypic traits of 7 independently isolated dam mutants of Escherichia coli
      have been examined. The mutant strains differ from the wildtype in the following
      respects: (1) decreased DNA adenine methylase activity in vivo and in vitro; (2)
      a 14--85-fold increase in spontaneous mutability; (3) decreased survival after
      ultraviolet irradiation; (4) a 10--21-fold increase in spontaneous induction of
      lambda phage from lysogens; (5) a 3--17-fold increase in the level of
      recombination; and (6) inviability of double mutants containing dam- and recB- or
      recC-. Unmethylated fd phage chromosomes are able to replicate normally in dam-
      mutants. A mutant strain in which the dcm gene is deleted is viable, showing that
      the dcm gene product is dispensible for growth.

PMID- 375074
TI  - The ability of ionizing radiations of different LET to induce chromosomal
      deletions in Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - Conidia, derived from a strain of Aspergillus nidulans known to carry a specific
      chromosomal duplication, were irradiated. The duplicated segment had genetic
      markers, which, when eliminated from the genome, allowed the easy detection of
      deletion mutants. Survival curves derived following 15 MeV electron and gamma-ray
      irradiation were characterised by the presence of an appreciable shoulder, whilst
      50 kvp X-rays gave a much smaller shoulder. Irradiation with beta-particles and
      alpha-particles gave rise to exponential survival curves. The RBE values for
      these radiations, based on the D37 value were for gamma-rays, 1.0, 15 MeV
      electrons 1.0, 50 kvp X-rays 1.9, beta-particles 2.1 and alpha-particles 3.4.
      With the exception of gamma-rays the radiations described were compared with
      respect to their ability to induce chromosomal deletions. When the number of
      deletants amongst survivors was plotted against dose, a linear relationship was
      found for electrons, X-rays and beta-particles. The response recorded for alpha
      particles was essentially linear but with a biphasic component. The RBE values
      for the radiations, based on a value of unity for 15 MeV electrons were as
      follows: X-rays 1.3, beta-particles 0.8, alpha-particles above 7.5 krad 2.3 and
      below 7.5 krad 3.5. When these same data were re-plotted with number of deletants
      amongst survivors against log survival, electrons appeared the most efficient
      radiation at producing deletants amongst survivors, with an "m value" of 283 X
      10(-5). Tritiated water was least efficient, the corresponding value being 182 X
      10(-5). The number of deletants per 10(4) conidia plated, when plotted against
      dose yielded a curve which increased to a peak and then decreased linearly for
      all radiations. The peaks for electrons, X-rays and alpha-particles each had a
      value of about 14 deletants per 10(4) conidia plated and the peaks roughly
      corresponded with the point at which the survival curve became exponential and
      was clearly indicative of the accumulation of sub-lethal damage. However, for
      beta-particles the peak had a value of 7 deletants per 10(4) conidia plated. A
      non-DNA target has been implicated for cellular death following beta-particle
      irradiation.

PMID- 375075
TI  - Development of a liquid-holding technique for the study of DNA-repair in human
      diploid fibroblasts.
AB  - Liquid-holding conditions can be obtained for human diploid skin fibroblasts by
      keeping confluent cultures stationary over periods of 7 days or longer by means
      of conditioned medium. Under this condition recovery of radiation damage induced
      by ultraviolet light or X-rays is observed as an increase in cloning efficiency.
      The amount of recovery when expressed in a dose-modifying-factor appears higher
      than in bacteria and yeast. The repair-deficient human cell strains XP25Ro and
      XP7Be (xeroderma pigmentosum from complementation groups A and D respectively)
      exhibit less but still discernible recovery after UV-irradiation and the same was
      observed for AT5Bi (ataxia telangiectasia) after X-irradiation. Experiments on
      mutation induction indicated that the repair which takes place during liquid
      holding of UV-irradiated XP7Be cells reduces the mutant frequency considerably
      while after liquid holding of UV-irradiated wild-type cells the same or lower
      mutant frequencies were found for the lower exposures and the same or higher
      mutant frequencies for the higher exposures.

PMID- 375076
TI  - The mechanism of the mutagenic action of hydroxylamine. XIV. O
      methylhydroxylamine-induced direct mutations in vegetative Sd phage.

PMID- 375077
TI  - Mutagen-sensitive strain of mice.

PMID- 375078
TI  - Induction of gene conversion in diploid yeast by chemicals: correlation with
      mutagenic action and its relevance in genotoxicity screening.
AB  - More than 200 chemicals, comprising drugs, pesticides, herbicides, industrial
      chemicals, food additives, etc. tested by various workers for their ability to
      induce gene conversion in diploid yeast, have been reviewed. This review shows
      that  a strong correlation exists between the convertogenic and mutagenic
      abilities of these chemicals. This conclusion confirms the earlier one by
      Zimmermann which was based on fewer mutagenic chemicals. Published data have
      further been analysed to confirm quantitatively Zimmermann's other important
      conclusion that gene conversion is not mutagen-specific. This is a positive
      advantage in using gene conversion in preliminary screening of chemicals because
      it reduces the chances of false negatives.

PMID- 375079
TI  - A combined testing protocol approach for mutagenicity testing.
AB  - The antischistosomal agent, hycanthone methanesulfonate (HMS), was employed to
      illustrate the utility of carrying out several mutagenicity tests in a single
      concurrent animal experiment. Several commonly used procedures that were
      successfully integrated into a multiple testing protocol included (1) metaphase
      analysis in bone marrow, (2) micronucleus test in bone marrow, (3) analysis of
      the urine for mutagenic constituents, and (4) the host-mediated assay using
      Salmonella typhimurium. In addition to these animal studies, in vitro
      mutagenicity testing with and without activation was carried out using S.
      typhimurium. HMS produced positive, dose--response effects in in vitro tests,
      metaphase analysis, micronucleus test, and urine analysis, but not in the host
      mediated assay. The results of these integrated techniques suggest that such a
      protocol may be a benefit to those concerned with mutagenicity testing of
      chemicals.

PMID- 375080
TI  - The mutagenic action of nitroimidazoles. IV. A comparison of the mutagenic action
      of several nitroimidazoles and some imidazoles.
AB  - The mutagenic action of 51 imidazoles was investigated. The fluctuation test of
      Luria and Delbruck was used, with Klebsiella pneumoniae as test organism. 8
      compounds, including 5 with a weak mutagenic action in the fluctuation test, were
      also investigated by the Ames test in which Salmonella typhimurium TA100 was
      used. Of the 51 imidazoles examined, 33 were nitroimidazoles. 31 of the latter
      appeared to be mutagenic, whereas out of the 18 other imidazoles without a nitro
      group only 2 were mutagenic. Several of the substances tested for mutagenicity
      showed an antimicrobial activity. No direct relationship between antimicrobial
      action, growth inhibition and mutagenicity was established. With methyl
      nitroimidazoles a relationship was found between the chemical structure and
      mutagenic action. However, when the nitroimidazoles had a more complex chemical
      structure, a relationship between this structure and mutagenicity could not be
      established.

PMID- 375081
TI  - Mutagenicity of plant flavonols in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome test:
      activation of flavonol glycosides by mixed glycosidases from rat cecal bacteria
      and other sources.
AB  - Over 70 naturally occurring and synthetic flavonoids were screened for
      mutagenicity with 5 tester strains in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay:
      TA1535, TA100, TA1537, TA1538 and TA98. Frameshift mutagenicity was confined to
      the flavonols (flavon-3-ols) in strain TA98, TA1537 and TA100. The two most
      mutagenic falvonols, namely, quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) and
      kaempferol (3,4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), exhibiting 12 and 7 revertants/nmol in
      TA98 respectively, are also the most common flavonols occurring in plants. Other
      flavonols exhibited less activity (revertants/nmol): galangin (2.0), rhamnetin
      (0.45), kaempferide (0.24), fisetin (0.14), myricetin (0.12), robinetin (0.06)
      and morin (0.05). All of these flavonols apparently exhibited significant
      activation by Aroclor 1254 induced rat-liver microsome preparations (S9).
      However, subsequent study revealed that only those flavonols either lacking or
      possessing one B ring hydroxyl group had an absolute requirement for microsomal
      activation. Alternatively, quercetin with two B-ring OH groups is not activated
      by microsomal enzymes, but by soluble (S100) enzymes from liver which are
      apparently constitutive and not subject to the usual chemical induction. 3
      flavonol glycosides, namely, quercetrin (quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside), rutin
      (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) and robinin (kaempferol-3-O-galactosido-rhamnoside-7-O
      rhamnoside), were found to be nonmutagenic. They could, however, be activated by
      a variety of mixed glycosidases incorporated in the usual pour plate procedure.
      The most effective enzyme mixtures were obtained from rat cecal bacteria and from
      the snail Helix pomatia.

PMID- 375083
TI  - Hydrazines as mutagens in a histidine-requiring auxotroph of Salmonella
      typhimurium.
AB  - Hydrazines have been found naturally in tobacco and mushrooms. Other hydrazines
      are used in industry, medicine, and agriculture. Although about 38 hydrazines are
      carcinogenic, few, if any, have been tested successfully in rapid bacterial
      mutagenesis assays. We have utilized a tester strain of Salmonella typhimurium
      (TA1530) in order to determine the mutagenic activity of a number of hydrazines
      and related compounds. This strain is thus shown to be effective as a tester
      organism for the facile detection of hydrazines as mutagens.

PMID- 375082
TI  - Detection of mutagens in the urine of rats following topical application of hair
      dyes.
AB  - Mutagens were detected in the urine of rats following topical application of two
      commercial oxidative-type hair dye preparations. The test system used was
      induction of back mutation with the bacterial tester strain TA1538, a histidine
      dependent mutant of Salmonella typhimurium. Various quantities of dye were
      applied to the shortened hair on the backs of the test animals. The dye was
      allowed to remain on the hair for 20 min after application and was then removed
      by shampooing and thorough rinsing. Maximal levels of mutagenic activity occurred
      with urine collected during first 24 h following dye application, and a dose-
      response was observed when increasing volumes of mutagenic urine were tested.
      Mutagens were detected in rat urine after intraperitoneal injection, and also
      after topical application of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine, one of the constituents
      of the hair-dye preparations.

PMID- 375084
TI  - Comparison of the induction by cigarette smoke condensates of sister-chromatid
      exchanges in Chinese hamster cells and of mutations in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Three cigarette smoke condensates were tested for the induction of sister
      chromatid exchanges in ovary cells of the Chinese hamster and for mutations in
      Salmonella typhimurium. In the sister-chromatid exchange test an effect was
      obtained that was not enhanced by the inclusion of a system for metabolic
      activation. In the Salmonella test, an effect was only obtained by including rat
      liver homogenates derived from rats treated with inducers of the enzyme systems
      necessary for metabolic activation. It appears that the SCE test and the
      Salmonella test are sensitive to different components of cigarette smoke
      condensates.

PMID- 375085
TI  - Chromosomal aberration tests on 29 chemicals combined with S9 mix in vitro.
AB  - A metabolic activation system with rat-liver microsome fraction plus cofactors
      (S9 mix) was applied to chromosomal aberration tests in vitro for the screening
      of chemical mutagens or carcinogens in the environment. Dialkylnitrosamines only
      induced chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster cells (CHL) when treated with
      S9 mix. The incidence of chromosomal aberrations in CHL varied with experimental
      conditions, e.g. incubation time, recovery time, components of S9 mic and
      inducers used for preparation of S9. For dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), the maximal
      incidence was obtained when the cells were incubated with S9 mix for 3 h and
      harvested 24 h after treatment. Therefore, this system (3 h incubation and 24 h
      recovery) was routinely applied to further screening of other chemicals with S9
      prepared from PCB-pretreated rats. 10 carcinogens (e.g. 7,12
      dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, quinoline, etc.) out of 16 induced
      aberrations when they were treated with S9 mix, whereas the remaining 6
      carcinogens (e.g., 3-methyl-cholanthrene, 4-o-tolylazo-o-toluidine, etc.) induced
      few or no aberrations even after activation. Two insecticides, allethrin and
      diazinon, were strongly positive at relatively low doses only when they were
      activated with the S9 mix. Medical drugs, such as ethenzamide, methyl p
      hydroxybenzoate and nitrofurazone, and a food additive, sodium hypochlorite, were
      positive on activation. Chemicals used for industry, such as styrene monomer and
      tris-dichloropropylphosphate, were also positive in our activation system.

PMID- 375086
TI  - Azide mutagenesis in gram-negative bacteria: reversion of the mutagenic effect by
      L-cystine.

PMID- 375087
TI  - Actin-containing microprocesses in the fusion of cultured chick myoblasts.
AB  - Scanning electron microscopic studies of myoblasts from 11- to 13-day-old chick
      embroyonic breast muscle cultured on collagen-coated glass coverslips showed six
      stages of development into multinucleated myotubes: (1) growth of flattened,
      spread-out cells for 20-30 hr following initiation of monolayer cultures; (2)
      extension of microprocesses (1-150 microM) from cells that have become spindle
      shaped; (3) contact and adherence of microprocesses from adjacent cells; (4)
      thickening of fused processes; (5) approximation of the cells; and (6)
      coalescence of the cells to form a spindle-shaped myotube. When the calcium-ion
      concentration in the growth medium was lowered--either by increasing the
      concentration of ethylene-glycol-bis(aminoethyl ether)N,N'-tetraacetate (EGTA)or
      by decreasing the cconcentration of free calciumion used--the number of
      microprocesses present on the cells was reduced. Presumably, however, these
      microprocesses could still fuse together, provided that the calciumion
      concentration was greater than 160 microM. Indirect immunofluorescence assay with
      actin-specific antibody indicated that actin is a major component of the
      myoblasts' microprocesses. Cytochalasin B (5 microgram/ml) caused the
      microprocesses to retract within 15 min and the myoblasts to round up and detach
      from the glass substrate. This was presumably caused by the action of the drug on
      actin filaments.

PMID- 375089
TI  - More honors for Franz Ingelfinger.

PMID- 375088
TI  - Superiority of nabilone over prochlorperazine as an antiemetic in patients
      receiving cancer chemotherapy.
AB  - Two double-blind, crossover trials comparing the antiemetic effectiveness of
      nabilone, a new synthetic cannabinoid, with that of prochlorperazine were
      conducted in patients with severe nausea and vomiting associated with anticancer
      chemotherapy. Of 113 patients evaluated, 90 (80 per cent) responded to nabilone
      therapy, whereas only 36 (32 per cent) responded to prochlorperazine (P less than
      0.001). Complete relief of symptoms was infrequent, occurring only in nine
      patients (8 per cent) given nabilone. When both drugs were compared, both nausea
      (P less than 0.01) and vomiting episodes (P less than 0.001) were significantly
      lower in patients given nabilone. Moreover, patients clearly favored nabilone for
      continued use (P less than 0.001). Predominant side effects noted by patients
      were similar for both agents and included somnolence, dry mouth and dizziness but
      were about twice as frequent and more often severe in patients receiving
      nabilone. In addition, four patients (3 per cent) taking nabilone had side
      effects (hallucinations in three, hypotension in one) that required medical
      attention. Euphoria associated with nabilone was infrequent (16 per cent) and
      mild.

PMID- 375090
TI  - Autoantibodies to gastrin-producing cells in antral (type B) chronic gastritis.
AB  - Autoantibodies that react exclusively with the gastrin-secreting cell of human
      antrum have been detected by immunofluorescence in eight of 106 patients with
      histologic evidence of chronic atrophic gastritis, Type B, involving mainly the
      antrum. These antibodies were of the IgG class and of low titer. However, follow
      up studies one to two years later showed persistently positive reactions, despite
      symptomatic treatment. These data support the concept of an autoimmune variant of
      chronic "antral" gastritis, Type B.

PMID- 375091
TI  - [In vitro toxigenesis of Aspergillus fumigatus strain. Production of fumitoxins].
AB  - A new class of mycotoxins has been characterized from a strain of Aspergillus
      fumigatus: the fumitoxins A, B, C and D. The in vitro production of these
      metabolites is studied. Fumitoxins are common in cultures extracts of most
      strains of A. fumigatus. They are not detected from A. fischeri. Variations of
      the levels of these products during the incubation of cultures, and also by using
      different media, are noted. At all events, the toxicity of crude extracts of the
      mould, for the chick embryo, is equal to the one of the fumitoxins.

PMID- 375092
TI  - Pulmonary nocardiosis report of the first two Brazilian cases.
AB  - The first two Brazilian cases of human pulmonary nocardiosis are reported.
      Diagnosis was established on material obtained by direct lung puncture. A review
      of selected aspects on pulmonary nocardiosis in Latin American countries is
      presented.

PMID- 375094
TI  - A seven-day volumetric spore trap for use within buildings.
AB  - The Burkard Volumetric spore trap, designed to operate for seven days
      continuously in the field, was modified to sample still air within buildings. The
      efficiency with which spores of Lycopodium clavatum and Agaricus bisporus were
      trapped at two rates of suction was determined. Spore distribution within traces
      and deposition on surfaces not beneath the orifice were assessed. In an appendix
      catches of four spore types by the Hirst and Burkard (field model) spore traps
      operating over mown grass were compared.

PMID- 375093
TI  - Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger in two potted ornamental plants,
      cactus (Epiphyllum truncatum) and clivia (Clivia miniata). Biological and
      epidemiological aspects.
AB  - The presence and growth of Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger in the
      soil of ornamental plants have been demonstrated. The ecological conditions in
      the soil of such plants as influenced by temperature, humidity, desiccation,
      fertilization and ventilation obviously influence such fungal growth. The
      epidemiological significance of these findings is of interest with a view to the
      present efforts to control aspergillosis in the environment of susceptible
      persons. Observations of a preferential growth of certain Aspergillus species in
      the soil of defined plants under defined conditions raise problems of soil
      microbiology.

PMID- 375095
TI  - Systemic candidiasis in mice treated with prednisolone and amphotericin B. 1.
      Morbidity, mortality and inflammatory reaction.
AB  - Prednisolone potentiated candidiasis in mice when given as dosages of 1 mg, s.c.
      at-1 and + 24 h in relation to the time of inoculation, i.p. with any of 4
      isolates of C. albicans which differed in degree of pathogenicity. Enhancement
      was shown by increased intra-abdominal colonisation, haematogenous dissemination
      and percentage mortality. There was at least a seven-fold increase in the mean
      area occupied by fungal colonies in median, longitudinal sections of kidneys
      after prednisolone treatment. Compared with those of fungal controls, renal
      lesions were deficient in inflammatory cells, only a few polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes occurring peripherally. Amphotericin B (AmB) at a non-toxic, total
      dosage of 0.5 mg given in two injections of 0.25 mg, i.p. at intervals of 24 h
      rendered infections non-lethal, or significantly reduced their severity, when
      started 24 or 48 h after inoculation. When antifungal treatment was delayed until
      72 h, however, early deaths occurred despite the fact that the mean renal section
      area occupied by pseudomycelium was little more than that of controls and
      fibrosis of lesions was characteristic. Early mortalities increased even further
      when AmB, commencing at 72 h, was combined with prednisolone. This effect was
      thought to be due to the release of some toxic factor(s) following the leaching
      of cells by AmB combined with depleted antibody levels. Ascitic fluids from
      infected mice given Ehrlich ascites tumour cells showed marked increases in the
      concentrations of alpha2 and gamma globulins. Concentrations were almost reduced
      to normal levels in animals treated with prednisolone and/or AmB.

PMID- 375096
TI  - Systemic candidiasis in mice treated with prednisolone and amphotericin B. 2.
      Ultrastructure and evidence for fungal toxin.
AB  - The principal ultrastructural changes in cells of Candida albicans treated with
      amphotericin B (AmB), either in vitro or in vivo, and in the presence or absence
      of prednisolone included plasmolysis, vacuolation and destruction of organelles.
      Lamination of the cell wall, although discernible after 4 h antibiotic treatment
      in vitro, was conspicuous in vivo, especially in prednisolone-treated mice given
      AmB 72 h after inoculation and was seen in both phagocytosed cells and those free
      in inflammatory exudates. Somatic extracts from control cells and somatic
      extracts and leachates from  AmB-treated cells showed the presence of low-grade
      toxic components when given i.p. to mice receiving antinomycin D(AMD) s.c.
      Culture filtrates were negative. Eighteen hour cultures were more toxic than
      those grown for 3 days and no toxicity was shown for cultures after 8 or 14 days.
      The behaviour of toxic materials during electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels
      suggested that they were proteins of relatively high molecular weight.

PMID- 375097
TI  - Dermatophytes in a population of bank voles and woodmice.
AB  - A population of bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) and wood mice (Apodemus
      sylvaticus) inhabiting an oak wood in Somerset was examined for dermatophytes at
      monthly intervals for 2 years. The marked animals were frequently retrapped,
      allowing a study of host fungus relationship over a period of time. Microsporum
      persicolor (Sabouraud) Guiart er Grigorakis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes
      (Robin) Blanchard were isolated from both animal species, but M. persicolor
      predominated in bank voles and T. mentagrophytes in wood mice. In their most
      favoured host, both dermatophyte species often persisted for several months, but
      in the less favoured host they were never isolated at more than one sampling.
      Males of both animal species were infected more often than females. The existing
      evidence for the geophilic nature of both fungi is reviewed and shown to be very
      weak, especially for M. persicolor. This is the first report from Great Britain
      of T. mentagrophytes infection of wood mice not in contact with human habitation.

PMID- 375098
TI  - A new fluorescent viability test for fungi cells.
AB  - The fluorescein diacetate-ethidium bromide (FDA-EB) fluorescence method,
      primarily used to determine viability of mammalian cells, was applied to several
      fungi species. Living fungi cells produced fluorochromasia, i.e., an
      intracellular accumulation of fluorescein which could be easily visualized as a
      green color under the U.V. microscope. Dead cells showed a red bright color due
      to ethidium bromide penetration. The FDA-EB test can be successfully employed to
      assay yeast and yeast like cells viability since a good correlation was observed
      between this assay and the colony count technique. The main advantages of FDA-EB
      test are its speed, high sensitivity and simplicity.

PMID- 375100
TI  - Medical education at Chapel Hill, the first 100 years.

PMID- 375101
TI  - Walter Reece Berryhill 1900--1979.

PMID- 375099
TI  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of antigens from Candida albicans circulating
      in infected mice and rabbits: the role of mannan.
AB  - Various antisera raised either to antigens of Candida albicans or to sub-lethal
      infections of blastospores (convalescent sera) were tested for their efficacy in
      diagnosing systemic disease in artifically infected animals. Globulin from
      convalescent serum, when conjugated with alkaline phosphatase and used in enzyme
      linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), was the only antiserum type which detected
      circulating Candida-related antigen in the serum of infected animals. Conjugates
      made from anti-mannan, anti-blastospore or antimycelial globulin did not detect
      antigen. Mannan did not appear to be related to an antigen produced in sera of
      experimentally infected mice. The significance of these results in the diagnosis
      of systemic candidosis is discussed.

PMID- 375102
TI  - Regulation from Henry VIII to optometry.

PMID- 375103
TI  - Report on litigation to the House of Delegates American Medical Association.

PMID- 375104
TI  - [Virus antibodies and the infectiousness of serum in hepatitis B].

PMID- 375105
TI  - [Infants with infections caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, group B beta
      hemolytic streptococci].

PMID- 375106
TI  - [Study of an Egyptian mummy using new roentgen technics].

PMID- 375107
TI  - [Topical corticosteroid treatment of erythema caused by ultraviolet irradiation].

PMID- 375108
TI  - Almost fifty years; over fifty classes--a salute to a teacher (Edward A.
      Holyoke).

PMID- 375109
TI  - My fifty years.

PMID- 375110
TI  - [Valentina Ivanovna Saf'iants].

PMID- 375111
TI  - [Morgagni on the causes of disease. Neurology in the 18th century (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 375112
TI  - Frederic Crosby Bartter.

PMID- 375113
TI  - Kallikrein, kininogen and kinins in control of blood pressure.
AB  - Plasma kallikrein releases bradykinin when activated by gram-negative septicemia
      or irreversible hemorrhagic shock. Pancreatitis releases glandular kallikrein
      causing hypotension and increased vascular permeability. Bradykinin in the brain
      produces hypertension. Renal kallikrein is released by high arterial pressure,
      vasodilators, low doses of noradrenaline, angiotensin II, mineralocorticoids and
      rapid volume expansion. It has a biphasic relation to sodium excretion. In
      essential hypertension, kallikrein release into the blood and urine is low and
      facilitates hypertension. High renin in Bartter's syndrome is balanced by high
      PGE and kallikrein without hypertension.

PMID- 375114
TI  - On the control of renin release.
AB  - The role of carotid, aortic and cardiopulmonary receptors and of prostaglandins
      in the control of renin release was reviewed. It is suggested that the receptors
      in the low- and high-pressure circuits of the cardiovascular system control renin
      release through the renal sympathetic nerves and adrenal medulla. It is suggested
      that prostaglandins play a role in the control of renin release under certain
      pathophysiological conditions.

PMID- 375115
TI  - Isolation of granules and vesicles rich in LHRH and catecholamines from the
      hypothalamus of the female rabbit.
AB  - In the female rabbit hypothalamus (HYP) the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      (LHRH) and catecholamines (CAT) are mostly present in the granules and vesicles.
      A fraction of granules containing LHRH and vesicles containing CAT was obtained
      with 70% purity by ultracentrifugation in sucrose gradient. This fraction was
      devoid of synaptosomes.

PMID- 375116
TI  - Local changes in immunoreactive gonadotropin releasing hormone in the rat median
      eminence during the estrous cycle. Correlation with the pituitary luteinizing
      hormone.
AB  - The immunocytochemical approach was used to explore the possibility of local
      changes in immunoreactive gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) of the median
      eminence (ME) during the estrous cycle in rats, and an attempt was made to
      correlate these changes with immunoreactive luteinizing hormone (LH) content in
      gonadotropic cells. On the day of proestrus, between 9:00 and 18:00 h, a severe
      depletion of GnRH from the medial palisade zone (MPZ) of the rostral part of the
      ME was observed whenever any marked changes in the density of GnRH present in the
      lateral palisade zone and in organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis (OVLT)
      were visible. The depletion of GnRH from the MPZ was accompanied by a
      degranulation of LH-cells (stained with anti-pLH-beta) in the pituitary which
      occurred over the same period. It is postulated that the MPZ of the rostral part
      of the ME contains the majority of nerve endings originating from the perikaya
      responsible for the cyclic surge of LH.

PMID- 375117
TI  - Enzyme kinetic studies and inhibition by oligopeptides of LH-RH degradation in
      rat hypothalamus and pituitary.
AB  - The enzyme kinetic parameters of the degradation of luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone (LH-RH) and L-cystine-bis-(4-nitroanilide) (Cys-NA) by rat hypothalamic
      (HYP) and pituitary (PIT) extracts and the effect of various oligopeptides on the
      rate of LH-RH inactivation were investigated in vitro. The 105,000 x g
      supernatant of 1 rat HYP inactivated 57 microgram LH-RH during a 30 min
      incubation (Km = 12.4 microM, V max = 2.33 microgram LH-RH/mg protein/min), and
      of one rat anterior PIT, 48 microgram LH-RH during 30 min of incubation (Km =
      12.2 microM, V max = 8.0 microgram LH-RH/mg protein/min). The synthetic substrate
      Cys-NA competitively inhibited LH-RH degradation with a Ki of 8.5 microM in the
      HYP and 6 microM in the PIT enzyme preparation. Vice versa, LH-RH also
      competitively inhibited the cleavage of Cys-NA with inhibition constants of 14
      microM (HYP) and 15 microM (PIT) indicating that the 2 substrates are probably
      cleaved by the same enzyme. The most effective inhibitors of LH-RH degradation
      were found to be angiotensin-related peptides, neurotensin, bradykinin, and
      bacitracin. A relatively weak effect was obtained with oxytocin, enkephalin and
      puromycin. It is concluded that endogenous oligopeptides such as angiotensins,
      neurotensin, bradykinin, etc., may possibly influence H-RH degradation in the PIT
      and the HYP. The synthetic substrate Cys-NA may be an appropriate substrate for
      measuring the activity of an LH-RH-degrading peptidase, which therefore could be
      classified as arylamidase.

PMID- 375118
TI  - The effect of acute alpha-methyldopa administration on catecholamine levels in
      anterior hypothalamic-preoptic and medullary nuclei in rat brain.

PMID- 375119
TI  - Localization of alpha-bungarotoxin binding sites within the rat corpus striatum.

PMID- 375120
TI  - Diagnostic brain biopsy: a series of 50 cases and a review.

PMID- 375122
TI  - Intracranial hemorrhage in the newborn: current understanding and dilemmas.

PMID- 375123
TI  - Clinical effects of multiple sclerosis therapy.

PMID- 375121
TI  - Catecholaminergic drugs in chronic schizophrenia.
AB  - The effect of dopaminergic-related and stimulatory drugs have been studied in
      chronic hebephrenic schizophrenics untreated with neuroleptic drugs. 6 patients
      received therapy of 2 g L-dopa + 200 mg carbodopa per day orally for 30 days,
      then placebo for 30 days. Following that 3 of the same patients received therapy
      of 2 g L-dopa + 200 mg carbodopa + 300 mg imipramine orally for 30 days, then
      placebo for 30 days. Following that the same 3 patients received 1 mg apomorphine
      s.c. for 15 days, then placebo for 15 days, then 1 mg apomorphine s.c. + 2 g L
      dopa + 200 mg carbodopa per os daily for 15 days, then placebo for 15 days. The
      patients were examined psychologically by the Wittenborn Rating Scale, the Weigl
      Object-Sorting Test, and tests for verbal learning and verbal association, before
      and after each therapeutic trial. Levels of FSH, LH, testosterone and GH were
      assayed radioimmunologically before, in the middle of and after each course of
      therapy. 2 patients showed improvement in the affective-behavioural
      symptomatology during therapy, while the other 4, who had a more severe degree of
      mental deterioration and destruction, were unchanged. FSH and LH levels, very low
      under basal conditions, did not change under therapy. Testosterone was very low
      before therapy and increased in only 1 subject. Normal basal GH levels increased
      during therapy in some of the patients, but not constantly. The results obtained
      are discussed in relation to the catecholamine hypotheses of schizophrenia.

PMID- 375124
TI  - [General outlines of the practical and theoretical development of immunology].

PMID- 375126
TI  - [The immunological response in critical physiopathological situations].

PMID- 375128
TI  - [A list of French songs with medical and pharmaceutical references].

PMID- 375127
TI  - [Therapeutic measures in immunology].

PMID- 375125
TI  - [Anesthesia and immunological reactions].

PMID- 375129
TI  - [Maria Storti (1929--1975), pharmacist and biologist].

PMID- 375130
TI  - Guidelines for supervised wound care by emergency nurse practitioners.
AB  - Nearly 10 million patients with traumatic lacerations are treated annually in
      Emergency Departments in the United States. Since these wounds do not usually
      pose a threat to the patient's life, they assume a lower level of priority than
      emergent conditions. Consequently, treatment of patients with lacerations is
      often delayed until the emergent patient is resuscitated. In the event that wound
      care is inadvertently delayed, bacteria may proliferate to levels that result in
      infection. In selected patients, supervised wound care by an emergency nurse
      practitioner (ENP) can safely eliminate this delay in treatment. During their
      graduate training in the University of Virginia Nursing School, the ENPs are
      instructed to treat traumatic wounds with physician supervision. The criteria for
      patient selection and care are outlined in comprehensive guidelines reported
      herein. The bases for these treatment guidelines were clinical and experimental
      studies conducted at our medical center which examined the influence of various
      therapeutic decisions on the ultimate fate of the wound.

PMID- 375131
TI  - Child health assurance program. Study in duplication and fragmentation.

PMID- 375132
TI  - Medical indices of narcotics addiction. Rise and fall in New York City, 1963
      1977.

PMID- 375133
TI  - Early medical photography in America (1839-1883).

PMID- 375134
TI  - Death of elderly primigravida in early pregnancy. Charlotte Bronte.

PMID- 375135
TI  - Flavius Josephus: Suicide and transition.

PMID- 375136
TI  - Early medical photography in America (1839-1883): II. Physicians and early
      photography.

PMID- 375137
TI  - The behaviour of sucrose and xylitol in an intra-oral caries test.

PMID- 375138
TI  - Precordial catch (Richard Asher)

PMID- 375139
TI  - Alfred J. Asgis 1893--1979.

PMID- 375140
TI  - Meals in Washington's day high in fat, low in flavor.

PMID- 375141
TI  - First dental school established in 1840, in Maryland.

PMID- 375142
TI  - Hypnosis--relaxation for you and your patient.

PMID- 375143
TI  - Odontophilately.

PMID- 375144
TI  - Familial malignant melanoma of the female genitalia: a case report and review.
AB  - An additional case of familial occurrence of malignant melanoma is presented,
      involving mother and son. This is the fourth case of familial occurrence of
      malignant melanoma in the female genitalia and the first occurring in the vagina
      reported in the literature. We present a review of the literature concerning the
      hereditary property of malignant melanoma, including a list of all 92 families
      and 240 patients reported. The importance of a family history of malignant
      melanoma for the early diagnosis of this disease in relatives at risk is
      stressed.

PMID- 375145
TI  - Dysplasia and early neoplasia of the uterine cervix. A review.

PMID- 375146
TI  - Ascending infection following cervicovaginal exposure to herpesvirus hominis type
      II.
AB  - An animal model is presented that demonstrates that following cervicovaginal
      inoculation, infective doses of herpesvirus hominis type II induce a form of
      herpetic encephalitis. Immunofluorescent results indicate that there is both
      neural and hematogenous spread of the herpes infection. The possible role of a
      latent viral infection in the genesis of an acute disease of the central nervous
      system is investigated in this experimental system.

PMID- 375148
TI  - 'Coffee break' helps lower blood pressure.

PMID- 375147
TI  - Prophylactic antibiotics in gynecologic surgery.
AB  - A 2-year prospective double-blind study of prophylactic antibiotics in 317
      patients undergoing elective total abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy was
      conducted. Patients randomly received placebo, penicillin, or cefazolin 30
      minutes prior to surgery and at 6-hour intervals thereafter for 48 hours. Rigid
      criteria for postoperative morbidity were established. Vaginal hysterectomy
      patients given either penicillin or cefazolin prophylaxis had fewer postoperative
      infections (P less than 0.01) compared to those given placebo. A similar trend
      was noted among women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy; however, this trend was
      not statistically significant (P greater than 0.05). Despite continuous
      surveillance, no change in nosocomial flora or antibiotic sensitivity of
      bacterial isolates was noted. Adverse drug effects and antibiotic-resistant
      secondary infections were encountered with similar frequency in all treatment
      groups.

PMID- 375149
TI  - [Impressions and occlusion for minor bridges or individual crowns].

PMID- 375150
TI  - Therapeutic trial of the combination in an eye lotion of adrenaline (0.5 or 1%)
      and guanethidine (3 or 5%) in cases of open-angle glaucoma.
AB  - Treatment of open-angle glaucoma has always been problematical, either because of
      the lack of efficacy, the inconvenience of multiple medication (handled by the
      patient with difficulty), or due to the high incidence of side effects. This
      study showed that an association of adrenaline and guanethidine in drop form,
      used in cases of open-angle glaucoma, achieved a rapid and lasting stabilisation
      of intraocular pressure. The main advantage of this form is the combination of
      two active ingredients for instillation twice daily. In addition, the pH and the
      nature and concentration of the ingredients are such that side effects, if they
      occur, do so at the beginning of treatment and are of short duration.

PMID- 375151
TI  - Method of production of and antibody response to an oil adjuvant Bacteroides
      nodosus bacterin.
AB  - A procedure is described for the production of a highly concentrated Bacteroides
      nodosus bacterin. An oil adjuvant bacterin which elicited the best antibody
      response in rabbits produced a response in sheep which lasted for at least 6
      months.

PMID- 375152
TI  - Eikenella corrodens: a new pathogen.
AB  - Oral infections that result from trauma or dental manipulation are often thought
      to be of minor importance to the practicing clinician. The majority of oral
      infections respond well to treathis form of simple therapy is no longer as
      efficacious as it has been though to be. Soment with the common antibiotics
      without the need for laboratory culture and sensitivity. There are instances,
      becoming increasingly frequent, when this form of simple therapy is no longer as
      efficacious as it has been thought to be. Some exotic infections are frequently
      recalcitrant to treatment. These infections are usually caused by ubiquitious
      organisms, such as Eikenella corrodens. We are presenting several of our cases
      that were caused by this organism, as well as a review of some aspects of its
      microbiology, in order to attract the attention and interest of our colleagues in
      dental practice to this increasingly frequent problem.

PMID- 375153
TI  - Evaluation of sedative/analgesic combination for postoperative pain.
AB  - Current pain concepts suggest a dual role in pain perception. Both motivational,
      effective, and somatosensory components are noted. Pain affects the patient's
      psyche and, conversely, the patient's state of mind modifies pain perception.
      Consequently, it might be expected that a sedative/analgesic combination might be
      more effective than either the sedative or the analgesic alone in controlling
      pain. A clinical study was carried out to compare a promethazine-A.P.C.
      combination with promethazine and A.P.C. alone. One hundred forty-nine patients
      undergoing third molar removal were studied, with each patient serving as his own
      control. The results indicated a significant difference between the promethazine
      A.P.C. combination and prometazine alone or Phenergan alone. No significant
      difference was noted between the promethazine-A.P.C. combination and A.P.C.
      alone.

PMID- 375154
TI  - Sectional gutta-percha point, second apical seal, and coating of the inner
      dentinal walls.

PMID- 375156
TI  - [Theodor Billroth (1829-1894), "pope of surgery", on the 150th anniversary of his
      birth].

PMID- 375155
TI  - [Nation-wide program for the prevention of repeatedly occurring anencephaly and
      spina bifida].

PMID- 375157
TI  - [Imre Schill, master of physical examination].

PMID- 375158
TI  - Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws.

PMID- 375159
TI  - Rehabilitation of patients following surgery for oral malignant disease.

PMID- 375160
TI  - The surgical management of malignant lesions of the floor of the mouth.

PMID- 375161
TI  - [Ernst Heinrich Weber--a researcher in psychophysics and the physiology of the
      nervous system].

PMID- 375162
TI  - The American physiologist--Philip Bard.

PMID- 375163
TI  - Febrile convulsions: diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

PMID- 375165
TI  - Children's literature on death and dying.

PMID- 375164
TI  - Diagnosis of epilepsy.

PMID- 375166
TI  - Muscular form of glycogenosis type II (Pompe's disease).
AB  - An 11-year-old boy who was previously thought to have progressive muscular
      dystrophy was studied clinically, biochemically, and histologically. He was seen
      initially with an amyotonic syndrome with no clinical evidence of heart disease.
      Light and histochemical examination showed vacuolar degeneration and abnormal
      accumulation of glycogen in the muscular fibers. Electron microscopy showed
      aggregates of glycogen granules surrounded by a well-defined membrane, as in
      previously reported cases of type II glycogenosis. Enzymatic study disclosed that
      acid alpha-glucosidase was deficient in muscle, liver, and heart tissue, although
      neutral alpha-glucosidase was present within normal ranges. Measurement of acid
      and neutral alpha-glucosidase activity in muscle from the patient and his sisters
      and in urine from them and their parents indicated that his sisters are
      heterozygotes and his parents probably are heterozygotes. The disease was
      transmitted as an autosomal-recessive trait.

PMID- 375167
TI  - Preferential distribution of lobar emphysema and atelectasis in bronchopulmonary
      dysplasia.
AB  - The chest roentgenograms of 142 neonates who survived mechanical ventilation for
      respiratory distress syndrome (N = 99) and prolonged apnea (N = 43) were
      reviewed. Thirty-seven infants had bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and 17 of
      these developed lobar hyperinflation of the right lower lobe and collapse of the
      right upper lobe. Regional lung function was measured with a xenon 133 technique
      in three of these infants and in five other patients who either died or were lost
      to follow-up. All had BPD with right lower lobe overinflation. Ventilation was
      less in the lower regions than the upper regions bilaterally (P less than .001),
      indicating that the hyperinflation of the lower lobes was not compensatory for
      upper lobe collapse but was due to emphysema. Mean regional perfusion was equal
      in the upper and lower regions of the chest. This preferential distribution of
      lobaremphysema and ipsilateral atelectasis in BPD tended to present and regress
      simultaneously, but in many infants it lasted as long as eight weeks. Only one
      infant with persistent atelectasis developed pneumonia. The best mode of therapy
      appears to be supportive.

PMID- 375168
TI  - Some kind of a social doctor: Martha May Eliot, 1891-1978.

PMID- 375169
TI  - Juvenile chronic granulocytic leukemia and the rationale and indications for bone
      marrow transplantation in leukemia.

PMID- 375170
TI  - Successful treatment of juvenile chronic granulocytic leukemia with marrow
      transplantation.
AB  - A 46-month-old boy with juvenile chronic granulocytic leukemia was treated
      intensively with hydroxyurea, dimethyl myleran, cyclophosphamide, and total body
      irradiation. He then received a marrow transplant from an HL-A matched brother.
      Thirty-two months after the transplantation, he is hematologically normal and
      remains disease free on no-maintenance therapy. The successful outcome of this
      case suggests that a bone marrow transplant for any patient with a suitable
      histocompatible donor should be considered in the treatment of this disease.

PMID- 375171
TI  - Risk of respiratory distress syndrome after prenatal dexamethasone treatment.
AB  - A prospective double-blind randomized clinical trial was carried out to determine
      whether glucocorticoid treatment reduces the risk of respiratory distress
      syndrome (RDS) in prematurely born infants. There were 127 infants born to 122
      mothers who received either steroid (dexamethasone phosphate) or placebo. No
      differences between groups occurred in risk factors for RDS (eg, prepartum
      asphyxia, male sex, cesarean section). When those who received a full course of
      dexamethasone therapy were compared with those who received placebo, a
      significant reduction was found in risk, severity, and deaths due to RDS. An
      increased incidence of infection in mothers treated with steroid was evident,
      particularly after premature rupture of membranes. We conclude that steroids are
      effective in reducing risk of RDS, but safer and more efficacious approaches for
      the prevention of RDS should be sought.

PMID- 375172
TI  - The antenatal use of betamethasone in the prevention of respiratory distress
      syndrome: a controlled double-blind study.
AB  - One hundred forty-six pregnant women were enrolled in a prospective double-blind
      study to assess the effectiveness and side-effects of antenatal administration of
      betamethasone in the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in
      potentially premature infants. On admission to the study, the women were given,
      at random, either 12 mg of betamethasone or placebo. The same dose was repeated
      24 hours later and then weekly up to 34 weeks of gestation. Gestational age of
      the infants ranged from 25 to 34 weeks, and birth weights ranged between 730 and
      2,650 gm. Statistically significant differences in favor of the infants in the
      betamethasone group were found in the incidence of RDS, 20.7% in the
      betamethasone group compared with 59.5% in the control group (P less than .005);
      in the severity of RDS (P less than .05); and in the death rate (P less than
      .05). A higher incidence of hypoglycemia was found among infants in the
      betamethasone group (P less than .05). Prolonged rupture of the membranes played
      no protective role against RDS, and the incidence of infection was similar in
      both groups.

PMID- 375173
TI  - Standard and special human immune serum globulins as therapeutic agents.

PMID- 375175
TI  - The chemiluminescence response and bactericidal activity of polymorphonuclear
      neutrophils from newborns and their mothers.
AB  - Chemiluminescence (CL) was measured in the polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) of
      18 normal term infants, their mothers, and controls during phagocytosis of
      opsonized zymosan particles. Chemiluminescence was significantly lower in the PMN
      of newborns in comparison with the PMN of their mothers and of the controls.
      Depressed bactericidal activity was demonstrated in newborn PMN, in comparison
      with the activity of the PMN of their mothers and controls, when challenged with
      Escherichia coli at large bacteria-PMN ratios. Uptake of radio-labeled bacteria
      by PMN was identical in newborns, mothers, and controls, which indicates that
      reduced CL was not a result of impaired ingestion. Therefore, PMN of normal term
      infants have both depressed oxidative metabolic responsiveness as measured by CL
      and depressed bactericidal capacity.

PMID- 375174
TI  - What every primary physician should know about the postoperative cardiac patient.

PMID- 375176
TI  - Localization and therapy of urinary tract infections of childhood.
AB  - One hundred four patients with 124 episodes of urinary tract infection were
      studied. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was determined on diagnosis of each
      patient. Children with a CRP equal to or greater than 30 micrograms/ml (CRP-pos)
      differed significantly from those with values less than 30 micrograms/ml (CRP
      neg) in age, clinical presentation, K type of Escherichia coli causing disease,
      frequency or radiographic abnormalities, and presence of antibody coating of
      bacteria in the urinary sediment. E. coli K1 strains caused disease significantly
      more often in CRP-pos than in CRP-neg patients, and children with K1 infections
      were younger than those with non-K1 infections. The antibody-coated bacteria test
      was neither sensitive nor specific for localization of infection in pediatric
      patients. Determination of K1 antibody concentrations in serum and urine of E.
      coli K1-infected children provided data supporting the measurement of CRP as one
      means of localizing urinary tract infections. Patients with CRP-neg infections
      were treated as successfully with four days of antimicrobial therapy as with ten
      days.

PMID- 375177
TI  - Shigella vaginitis: report of 38 patients and review of the literature.
AB  - Thirty-eight cases of Shigella vaginitis were identified in a retrospective
      review of records kept over the past 14 years. The cases of vaginitis were due to
      three subgroups of Shigella. Vaginitis varied in severity and duration,
      persisting for several months in some instances. In 47% of the cases, there was
      associated bloody vaginal discharge. Only two children had diarrhea temporally
      associated with vaginitis, but six others had had diarrhea. Many treatment
      modalities were used. Systemic antibiotic therapy appeared more effective than
      topical antimicrobials in the few patients who could be evaluated. Review of the
      literature revealed 32 additional cases, including four in adult women.

PMID- 375178
TI  - Effect of heparinization of fluids infused through an umbilical artery catheter
      on catheter patency and frequency of complications.
AB  - Heparinization of fluids (1 unit/ml) infused through an umbilical artery catheter
      (UAC) was efficacious in prolonging catheter patency in a double-blind,
      randomized, controlled clinical study. On the basis of life-table analysis, the
      half-life of catheter function was seven days in the heparinized group as
      compared with just over two days in the nonheparinized group (P less than .01).
      UAC occlusion occurred in 4 of 32 patients in the heparinized and 19 of 30 in the
      nonheparinized group (chi 2 = 17.6, P less than .01). Blood transfusions, number
      of arterial blood gases drawn through the UACs, and fluid infusion rates were not
      related to catheter occlusion. Heparinization of the UAC infusion did not alter
      the partial thromboplastin time or the incidence of catheter-related
      thromboembolic phenomena in the extremities. Heparinization of fluids infused
      through a UAC appears to be useful in the care of critically ill neonates.

PMID- 375179
TI  - Immunofluorescence in group B streptococcal infection and idiopathic respiratory
      distress syndrome.
AB  - Immunofluorescence was performed on lung tissue obtained at necropsy from 18
      newborn infants, including five with group B streptococcal (GBS) sepsis, seven
      with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), and six control infants who
      died from other causes. Deposits of C3, IgG, and fibrin were found within hyaline
      membranes of infants who died with GBS sepsis or IRDS within 48 hours after
      birth. In some cases C4, factor B, and IgM were also observed. In five infants
      with IRDS who died more than five days after birth, immunofluorescent lung
      findings were less common and less intense. Hyaline membranes, attributed to
      mechanical ventilators and oxygen therapy in two infants who did not have GBS
      infection or IRDS, were negative for complement and immunoglobulins although
      fibrin was detected in one specimen. These data suggest that immunologic
      processes may contribute to the pathogenesis of certain types of acute lung
      injury, particularly in infants who die from GBS infection or IRDS during the
      early neonatal period.

PMID- 375180
TI  - Effect of storage processes on the bacterial growth-inhibiting activity of human
      breast milk.
AB  - Human breast milk samples were collected from lactating mothers, and aliquots
      were maintained at room temperature, frozen, and pasteurized. Samples were
      inoculated with 10 to 50 colony-forming units per milliliter (cfu/ml) of
      Escherichia coli or group B streptococcus, and incubated at 37 C. Quantitative
      growth was measured at eight and 24 hours. No inhibitory activity was
      demonstrated by control broth, commercial formula, and pasteurized breast milk,
      which had a rapid logarithmic growth to a maximum of 10(8) to 10(9) cfu/ml at 24
      hours. Compared with these controls, fresh breast milk, fresh frozen breast milk,
      and breast milk frozen for 21 days demonstrated a significant inhibition of
      bacteria growth. A trend toward gradual loss of inhibiting activity was noted
      with prolonged freezing of breast milk. Although freezing may quantitativly
      decrease the amount of some breast milk host-defense factors, it cannot be
      assumed that comparable functional reductions will necessarily result.

PMID- 375181
TI  - Hyperbilirubinemia in association with late onset group B beta-hemolytic
      streptococcal infection.

PMID- 375182
TI  - [Trends in antibiotic therapy of respiratory infections in pediatrics].

PMID- 375183
TI  - [Alpha thalassemia in Campania: results of a survey of 319 newborn infants].

PMID- 375184
TI  - [Immunological aspects of enteropathies in childhood].

PMID- 375185
TI  - [French, European and international congresses, medical and scientific reunions
      from 1979 through 1984].

PMID- 375186
TI  - [Real or alleged risks of clofibrate derivatives and certain risks of their
      prohibition].

PMID- 375187
TI  - [Cis-diammino-dichloro-platinum therapy of cancers; phase II therapeutic trial].
AB  - We have conducted a phase II trial of cisdiammino-dichloro platinum (CDDP) which
      demonstrates its remarkable activity in testis embryonic carcinoma, in ovary
      carcinoma and in epidermoid cancers, especially head and neck and uterus cervix
      carcinoma. Its toxicity in mainly digestive and renal. This compound is now
      indicated in combinations in the case of the above mentioned tumors.

PMID- 375188
TI  - [Production of O antigens and antibodies during urinary tract infections due to
      Escherichia coli (author's transl)].
AB  - In 138 adults with monomicrobial E. coli urinary tract infections, IgG coated
      bacteriuria (ACB) are found in 9/10 acute pyelonephritis, 21/24 chronic
      pyelonephritis, 2/5 acute prostatitis, and in only 6/99 lower UTI. These urinary
      antibodies are synthetised localy because IgA-S are found in 75%, in the kidney
      because humoral IgG antibodies are detected in only 40% of the ACB + patients.
      O6, O18, O22, O75, are the four most frequent O antigens (47,5%) and no
      difference were found in the distribution of O serotypes according to ACB
      production or clinical signs. But rough strains are significantly more frequent
      in pyelonephritis, suggesting a modification of the bacterial wall. The use of
      ACB test and O serotyping allows a better follow-up of patients, but relapses
      with ACB- and reinfection with ACB+ show the complexity of the relation host-E.
      coli.

PMID- 375189
TI  - [Physiopathological and anatomical classification of small bowel diseases
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The first small bowel diseases have been known for three centuries, but essential
      breakthroughs have occured in the last twenty years. A new classification may be
      proposed according to, the physiopathology, the anatomo-pathology, the etiology.
      From the physiopathological point of view one may separate enterocytic, pre
      enterocytic or post-enterocytic malabsorptions. Small bowel injuries described by
      the pathologist include small bowel resections, villous atrophy, lesion of the
      lamina propria, or transmural lesions, the vascular pathology and the ulceration
      of the small bowel. A new syndrome is proposed: the rupture of the cellular
      continuity or intercellular syndrome.

PMID- 375190
TI  - [Jean Cathala (1891-1969). A man].

PMID- 375191
TI  - [Morphology and deformability of erythrocytes in muscular dystrophy].
AB  - In recent years, the presence of red cell morphological abnormalities in patients
      with Muscular Dystrophy has made the object of numerous, often contradictory
      reports. A possible source of such confusion may lie in the fact that human
      erythrocytes are extremely sensitive to morphologic transformations resulting
      from various manipulations or environmental conditions in vitro. We have examined
      the morphology and deformability of erythrocytes from 7 patients with Duchenne
      and 9 patients with Steinert (myotonic) Muscular Dystrophy. To avoid preparation
      artifacts, fresh, unwashed red cells suspended in their own plasma were examined
      under phase contrast microscopy for the presence of either echinocytes and
      stomatocytes. Deformability was measured by filtration of dilute cell suspensions
      at constant flow rate through nucleopore membranes (nominal pore diameter = 3
      micrometer). No significant difference was found between the patients' cells and
      those of 22 healthy volunteer controls. We conclude that previously reported
      abnormalities may have been the result of preparation artifacts. It appears
      possible, however, that erythrocytes from Muscular Dystrophy patients may be more
      sensitive than normal ones to certain stimuli originating from red cell
      manipulations in vitro.

PMID- 375192
TI  - Addition of oligonucleotides to the 5'-terminus of DNA by T4 RNA ligase.
AB  - Bacteriophage T4-induced RNA ligase catalyzes the controlled template-independent
      addition of RNA to the 5'-phosphoryl end of large DNA molecules. Restriction
      enzyme-generated fragments of Co1E1 DNA with completely basepaired or cohesive
      ends and linear single-stranded oX174 viral DNA were all good substrates. DNA
      molecules from 10 to 6000 nucleotides long were quantitatively joined in an hour
      to a number of different RNA homopolymers. The most efficient of these was
      A(pA)5; I(pI)5 and C(pC)5 were also utilized while U(pU)5 was not. The optimum
      ribohomopolymer length was six nucleotides. Joining of ribohomopolymers between
      10 and 20 nucleotides long occurred at approximately 1/2 the maximal rate and a
      trimer was the shortest substrate. Thus RNA ligase provides a method for
      generating extensions of predetermined length and base composition at the 5'-end
      of large DNA molecules that complements the available procedures for extending
      the 3'-hydroxyl terminus of DNA.

PMID- 375194
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the transposable DNA-element IS2.
AB  - The complete sequence of the transposable DNA element IS2 in gal OP-308:: IS2 (I)
      has been determined. This element is 1.327 bp long. The integrated element is
      flanked by a five base pair long sequence duplication. The termini of IS2 are not
      perfect inverted repeats, but a close approximation.

PMID- 375193
TI  - 2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorouridine-5'-triphosphates: a possible substrate for E. coli RNA
      polymerase.
AB  - dUflTP was tested as substrate in the E. coli RNA polymerase system using
      poly(dAT) as template. dUflTP could replace UTP when Mn++ was utilized as
      divalent cation instead of Mg++. The level of transcription with the fluoro
      analog was then 55% of that with UTP.

PMID- 375195
TI  - In vitro methylation of yeast tRNAAsp by rat brain cortical tRNA-(adenine-1)
      methyltransferase.
AB  - Rat brain cortices from young animals contain large amounts of tRNA (adenine
      1)methyltransferase(s). The enzyme(s) can methylate E. coli tRNA and to a lower
      degree yeast tRNA. Among yeast tRNA species which can be methylated we have
      selected tRNAAsp as a substrate for the brain enzyme. The digestions of in vitro
      methylated [Me-3H]-tRNAAsp with pancreatic and/or T1 ribonucleases followed by
      chromatographies on DEAE-cellulose, 7 M urea, suggested that the methylation of
      tRNAAsp occurred at a single position within the D-loop. Further digestion of the
      radioactive oligonucleotide recovered after DEAE-cellulose chromatography by
      phosphomonoesterase and snake venom phosphodiesterase enzymes followed by
      bidimensional thin layer chromatography enabled us to determine the location of
      the adenine residue which becomes methylated by the brain enzyme. This one
      resulted to be the adenine 14 in the D-loop of yeast tRNAAsp.

PMID- 375196
TI  - Photosensitized formation of thymine dimers in DNA by tyramine, tyrosine and
      tyrosine-containing peptides.
AB  - The formation of Thy-Thy in DNA in the presence of tyramine, tyrosine and
      tyrosine-containing peptides such as Lys-Tyr and Lys-Tyr-Lys was studied with
      monochromatic UV irradiation. The formation of Thy-Thy by UV irradiation was
      enhanced in the presence of these compounds. The action spectrum of the
      photosensitization has a peak near 280 nm corresponding to the absorption
      spectrum of tyrosine. The triplet quencher reduced the sensitization
      substantially. The sensitization in native DNA was more than six times larger
      than that in denatured DNA. increasing the concentration of salts suppressed the
      sensitization. The nature of the interaction between DNA and the sensitizer is
      discussed.

PMID- 375197
TI  - Cloning, mapping and expression of the genetic determinant that encodes for the
      K88ab antigen.
AB  - The K88 antigen, a plasmid-specified virulence factor of E. coli involved in
      porcine neonatal diarrhoea, is often found to be associated with the ability to
      metabolize raffinose (Raf). Plasmid pRI8801 (51 megadalton) was used to clone the
      determinants of K88 and Raf with the vector pBR322. K88 was found to be encoded
      by a 7.7 megadalton HindIII fragment. The expression was highly dependent on the
      orientation of the HindIII fragment within pBR322. By in vitro generation of
      deletions, the HindIII fragment was reduced in size to 4.3 megadalton. The
      expression of K88 by pRI8801 and the recombinant plasmids was studied using an
      enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Raf was found to be located on a 4.0
      megadalton SalI fragment. A physical map of pRI8801 was constructed. The K88
      antigen and Raf genes are not closely linked but separated by a stretch of DNA of
      about 20 megadalton.

PMID- 375198
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the cro-cII-oop region of bacteriophage 434 DNA.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of a 869 bp segment of phage 434 DNA including the
      regulatory genes cro and cII is presented and compared with the corresponding
      part of the phage lambda DNA sequence. The 434 cro protein as deduced from the
      DNA sequence is a highly basic protein of 71 amino acid residues with a
      calculated molecular weight of 8089. While the cro gene sequences of phage 434
      and lambda DNA are very different, the nuleotide sequences to the right of the
      lambda imm434 boundary show differences only at 11 out of 512 positions.
      Nucleotide substitutions in the cII gene occur with one exception in the third
      positions of the respective codons and only one out of several DNA regulatory
      signals located in this region of the phage genomes is affected by these
      nucleotide substitutions.

PMID- 375199
TI  - Chemical modification study of aminoacyl-tRNA conformation.
AB  - Chemical reactivity of cytosines in 32P-labeled E. coli tRNA1Leu, E. coli tRNAPhe
      and yeast tRNAPhe before and after aminoacylation was examined by use of a
      cytosine-specific reagent, semicarbazide-bisulfite mixture. In all the three tRNA
      species examined, the cytosine residues that were susceptible to the modification
      were the same in the aminoacylated tRNA and the unacylated tRNA. Only a limited
      number of the cytosine residues were modifiable: those that occur in the
      anticodon, the 3'-CCA terminus, the D-loop, and the extra loop. The sites
      accessible by the reagent are in good agreement with the general three
      dimensional structure of tRNA proposed in literature. These results indicate that
      the gross conformation of these tRNAs does not change on aminoacylation, and
      consequently favor the view that the T psi C(G) sequence could become exposed in
      later steps of protein synthesis in order to achieve the binding of aminoacyl
      tRNA to ribosomes.

PMID- 375201
TI  - Nursing care study: care of a scalded child.

PMID- 375200
TI  - Construction and analysis of recombinant DNAs containing a structural gene for
      rat prolactin.
AB  - Poly A-containing RNA enriched in prolactin-coding sequences was isolated from
      female rate pituitaries after induction with diethylstilbesterol. Double stranded
      cDNA was synthesized from this RNA and inserted into plasmid pBR322 at the Pst I
      site via the poly(dG):polyy(dC) tailing method. E. coli was transformed with this
      DNA and the recombinant plasmid in one of the transformants characterized in
      detail. About half of its 900 base pair cDNA insert was sequenced. The DNA
      sequence is consistent with most of the reported amino acid sequence of rat
      preprolactin. In addition, the recombinant plasmids in two of the other
      transformants appear to contain growth hormone coding sequences.

PMID- 375202
TI  - Theatre nursing care study: microvascular free groin flap.

PMID- 375203
TI  - Money for your life.

PMID- 375204
TI  - A man in the middle (Trevor Clay).

PMID- 375205
TI  - Famous nurses: Dame Muriel Powell.

PMID- 375206
TI  - Kidney donors: a long wait for a new kidney.

PMID- 375207
TI  - [Treatment of carcinoma during the 19th and beginning of the 20th cent. (up to
      1914)].

PMID- 375208
TI  - [Bacteriological studies determining the kind and severity of wound infection].

PMID- 375209
TI  - [Pharmacological inhibition of platelet aggregation in primary and secondary
      prevention of ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 375211
TI  - [Macrophages and their participation in allergic reactions].

PMID- 375210
TI  - [Effect of environmental conditions on the health of young noblemen in Poland in
      the 18th century].

PMID- 375212
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Witold Sadownik].

PMID- 375213
TI  - [Role of surface receptors of T and B cells in immunologic response].

PMID- 375215
TI  - Antibacterial properties of sodium nalidixate against avian Salmonellae in liquid
      and on solid media.
AB  - The in vitro inhibitory effect of sodium nalidixate (NaNA) for 206 avian
      salmonella cultures of varying serotypes was established in both liquid and on
      solid media. Salmonella cultures were much more resistant to the lethal effects
      of NaNA in veal infusion broth than on a solid medium such as MacConkey agar. The
      inhibitory effects of NaNA varied in liquid media, depending on the nutritive
      support afforded by the medium. Growth-suppressive effects were enhanced by less
      nutritive media. Reasons are suggested as to the possible differences in the
      inhibitory effect of NaNA on avian salmonella cultures grown in liquid and on
      solid media.

PMID- 375214
TI  - [Pharmacological regulation of the activity of lymphokines].

PMID- 375216
TI  - Microbial flora observed within sections of the oviduct in naturally mated,
      artificially inseminated, and virgin hens.

PMID- 375217
TI  - Preparation and study of a fluorescent sugar analog competitive inhibitor of
      yeast hexokinase.
AB  - The preparation of 2-deoxy-2-amino-N-(5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalene sulfonyl)
      glucose (III) designed as a fluorescent competitive inhibitor of hexokinase was
      achieved after reacting 2-deoxy-2-aminoglucose and 1-dimethylamino-5-naphthalene
      sulfonyl chloride. (III) showed fluorescence excitation and emission maxima in
      water at 330 and 507 nm, respectively. (III) was found to competitively inhibit
      hexokinase and a value of Ki = 3.0 x 10(-3)M was obtained for the system
      hexokinase B + Mg.ATP + glucose at pH 8.4.

PMID- 375218
TI  - Isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi from the blood of infected mice by column
      chromatography.
AB  - Trypomastogotes of three strains of Trypanosoma cruzi were isolated from the
      blood of infected mice employing lymphoprep for separation of the red blood cells
      and a column of DEAE cellulose for removal of white cells and platelets. An
      average recovery of 45 to 58 percent of actively motile, infective organisms,
      free of contaminating blood cells was obtained. Protein and carbohydrate assays
      of the separated organisms revealed significant differences between the Tulahuen,
      a reticulotropic strain, and the House 510 and House 11, two myotropic strains of
      this parasitic species. The present procedure should provide sufficient parasites
      for physiological and biochemical studies; it has also served to indicate
      particular strain characteristics which may aid in a taxonomic classification of
      these organisms.

PMID- 375219
TI  - [Detection of tuberculosis activity by using tuberculin tests].

PMID- 375220
TI  - [In memoriam Vladimir L'vovich Einis].

PMID- 375221
TI  - High-frequency transformation of yeast: autonomous replication of hybrid DNA
      molecules.
AB  - A set of vector DNAs (Y vectors) useful for the cloning of DNA fragments in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) and in Escherichia coli are characterized. With
      these vectors, three modes of yeast transformation are defined. (i) Vectors
      containing yeast chromosomal DNA sequences (YIp1, YIp5) transform yeast cells at
      low frequency (1--10 colonies per microgram) and integrate into the genome by
      homologous recombination; this recombination is reversible. (ii) Hybrids
      containing endogenous yeast plasmid DNA sequences (YEp2, YEp6) transform yeast
      cells at much higher frequency (5000--20,000 colonies per microgram). Such
      molecules replicate autonomously with an average copy number of 5--10 covalently
      closed circles per yeast cell and also replicate as a chromosomally integrated
      structure. This DNA may be physically isolated in intact form from either yeast
      or E. coli and used to transform either organism at high frequency. (iii) Vectors
      containing a 1.4-kilobase yeast DNA fragment that includes the centromere linked
      trp1 gene (YRp7) transform yeast with an efficiency of 500--5000 colonies per
      microgram; such molecules behave as minichromosomes because they replicate
      autonomously but do not integrate into the genome. The uses of Y vectors for the
      following genetic manipulations in yeast are discussed: isolation of genes;
      construction of haploid strains that are merodiploid for a particular DNA
      sequence; and directed alterations of the yeast genome. General methods for the
      selection and the analysis of these events are presented.

PMID- 375222
TI  - Interaction of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S1 with ribosomes.
AB  - The binding affinity of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S1 for 30S ribosomal
      particles has been determined by a sucrose gradient band sedimentation technique;
      the association constant (K) for the binding of one S1 protein per active 30S
      ribosomal subunit is approximately 2 X 10(8) M-1. The involvement of the two
      polynucleotide binding sites of S1 protein (site I binding single-stranded DNA or
      RNA, and site II binding single-stranded RNA only) in the S1--ribosomal
      interaction have been examined by competition experiments with polynucleotides of
      known affinity for the two sites. We find that site I does not contribute to the
      interaction; site II binding appears to provide a major part of the binding free
      energy, presumably by interaction of S1 with the 16S rRNA of the 30S particle.
      The remaining binding free energy is probably derived from the interaction of S1
      protein with other proteins of the 30S subunit. The affinity of S1 for 70S
      ribosomes is about the same as that for the 30S subunit; the affinity of S1 for
      50S subunits is much less. Binding affinities and stoichiometries of S1 protein
      with "inactive" 30S ribosomal subunits have also been examined.

PMID- 375223
TI  - Localization of the decoding region on the 30S Escherichia coli ribosomal subunit
      by affinity immunoelectron microscopy.
AB  - The decoding region of the Escherichia coli ribosome has been localized by
      affinity immunoelectron microscopy. Valyl-tRNA1Val, derivatized at the alpha
      amino end with the dinitrophenyl group, was bound to the ribosomal P site of 70S
      ribosomes and crosslinked specifically to 16S RNA by 310- to 325-nm irradiation.
      Previous work has shown that crosslink occurs between the 5' anticodon base of
      the tRNA and a pyrimidine in the 3' one-third of the 16S RNA. By reaction of the
      dinitrophenyl group with antibody, dimers of the 30S tRNA covalent complexes were
      prepared containing one covalently attached tRNA per 30S subunit. Electron
      microscopic visualization of the antibody attached to the dinitrophenyl group
      located the position of the 3' end of the tRNA. Several sites, with a strong
      preference for the large protrusion or cleft region in the upper one-third of the
      subunit, were found. The multiplicity of sites is likely due to the freedom of
      orientation of the 3' end of the tRNA which is approximately 80 A from the site
      of crosslinking. By extrapolating this distance from each of the antigenic sites,
      we concluded that the anticodon of tRNA when in the P site is probably located in
      the cleft region of the 30S subunit.

PMID- 375224
TI  - Biochemical assay designed to detect formation of recombination intermediates in
      vitro.
AB  - A biochemical assay that is designed to detect recombination intermediates formed
      in vitro is described. The assay measures the fusion of two essentially
      homologous plasmids, one of which is radioactively labeled and the other of which
      carries several copies of the lac operator. The fusion product is radioactive and
      can be bound to a nitrocellulose filter by lac repressor. This assay for genome
      fusion is rapid and readily applicable to the many fractions that result during
      enzyme purification. The fused product is not destroyed in the assay and may be
      recovered from the filter for further analysis by electron microscopy. The
      product is then seen to consist of figure 8 structures that can be cleaved by the
      restriction enzyme EcoRI to give chi forms, structures similar to those recovered
      from recombination-proficient cells. It is expected that this assay will be
      useful in the purification of the "recombinase-type" activity detected in crude
      cell lysates. To demonstrate this point, the assay was applied to the protein
      fractions recovered from a molecular sieve column. The results indicate that the
      fusion activity has an apparent molecular weight of 50,000--100,000.

PMID- 375225
TI  - Enzymatic insertion of purine bases into depurinated DNA in vitro.
AB  - An enzymatic activity that inserts purines into depurinated DNA was found in a
      soluble enzyme extract of Escherichia coli. This activity brings about the
      insertion of adenine and guanine into the appropriate apurinic sites in double
      stranded DNA by using the corresponding deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates as the
      purine donors. Magnesium ions are required for this activity, it is inhibited by
      caffeine, and it does not act on depurinated single-stranded DNA. The insertion
      activity described here may represent a step in a repair mechanism, "base
      insertion repair," whereby apurinic sites (which may occur in double-stranded DNA
      either due to the removal of damaged purines with specific glycosylases or by
      spontaneous depurination) are directly filled with the correct missing purine
      base.

PMID- 375226
TI  - Mutations reducing the activity of c17, a promoter of phage lambda formed by a
      tandem duplication.
AB  - We report the isolation of four independently selected mutations (scs) in the c17
      promoter of phage lambda that reduce or eliminate the promoter activity. The c17
      promoter is not normally present in lambda, and has been shown to be generated by
      a tandem duplication which creates a "Pribnow Box," a heptamer sequence
      implicated in promoter activity. This sequence is located upstream from the site
      of transcription initiation and is present, with some variation, in all promoters
      whose sequences have been determined. Analysis of the c17 duplications carrying
      the scs mutations reveals that three of these mutants carry single base-pair
      changes in the most highly conserved base pairs of the Pribnow Box and that the
      other mutation is a reversion to the wild type sequence in this region (i.e., a
      loss of the duplicated base pairs).

PMID- 375227
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the region of an origin of replication of the antibiotic
      resistance plasmid R6K.
AB  - A 2.1-kilobase segment of the antibiotic resistance plasmid R6K carries
      sufficient information to replicate as a plasmid in Escherichia coli. This
      segment contains a functional origin of replication and a structural gene for a
      protein, designated pi, that is required for the initiation of R6K replication.
      The nucleotide sequence of a 520-base-pair portion of this 2.1-kilobase segment
      that includes the functional origin of replication and the region adjacent to the
      start of the pi structural gene was determined. A striking feature of the
      sequence is the presence of seven 22-base-pair direct repeats joined in tandem in
      the region adjacent to the start of the pi gene. A possible role of the tandem
      repeats in the regulation of expression of the pi protein and the control of
      initiation of replication of the plasmid R6K is discussed.

PMID- 375228
TI  - Bacteriophage f1 infection of Escherichia coli: identification and possible
      processing of f1-specific mRNAs in vivo.
AB  - [3H]Uracil-pulse-labeled RNA from Escherichia coli infected with f1 bacteriophage
      was fractionated on polyacrylamide gels containing urea. Eight phage-specific RNA
      species were present with approximate lengths ranging from 2100 to 400
      nucleotides. The amount of the seven largest species was increased when the
      infected bacteria were incubated at 41 degrees C. When the RNA was isolated and
      used as message in an in vitro protein-synthesizing system, most of the RNA
      species appeared to direct the synthesis of the phage gene VIII protein. The six
      largest species also directed the synthesis of the phage gene V protein. Some of
      the labeled smaller RNA species increased in amount after addition to rifampicin,
      suggesting that they may have resulted from cleavage of larger RNA species. These
      particular smaller RNA species also were present in infected bacteria containing
      a mutant RNase III. The data are discussed in terms of the regulation of
      synthesis of the phage-specific proteins.

PMID- 375229
TI  - Soluble precursor of an integral membrane protein: synthesis of procoat protein
      in Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage M13.
AB  - Prior to virus assembly, the major coat protein of coliphage M13 is an integral
      protein of the host cytoplasmic membrane. Coat protein synthesized in vitro is
      initially made with an NH2-terminal "leader peptide" of 23 amino acids and is
      termed "procoat." We now report that procoat is a biosynthetic precursor of coat
      protein in vivo. Conversion of procoat to coat occurs within 30 sec in cells
      infected with wild-type virus. This proteolytic processing is delayed in cells
      infected by M13 mutants (in genes 1, 5, or 7) that are defective in virus
      assembly. Pulse--chase experiments in combination with subcellular fractionation
      show that procoat is synthesized in a soluble form in the cytoplasm and is then
      incorporated into the cytoplasmic membrane, where it is converted to coat
      protein. This finding is supported by the observation that procoat is synthesized
      exclusively by polysomes that are not membrane bound. These results are
      interpreted in terms of the "membrane-triggered folding" hypothesis of membrane
      protein assembly.

PMID- 375231
TI  - Replication in vitro of the 2-micrometer DNA plasmid of yeast.
AB  - Cell-free extracts prepared from growing cells of the budding yeast Saccharomyces
      stimulated DNA synthesis directed by the supercoiled 2-micrometer yeast DNA
      plasmid. The major products of the reaction were open-circular daughter molecules
      possessing newly synthesized full-length linear DNA strands. Some of these were
      ligated and supertwisted by the extracts to yield a supercoiled DNA product. Both
      of the complementary DNA strands of the template were replicated. In addition,
      the extracts induced the appearance of theta-forms of the plasmid DNA, which are
      presumed to be replicative intermediates. The results of experiments utilizing
      BrdUTP incorporation indicated that DNA repair did not contribute significantly
      to the overall reaction. Extracts prepared from the cell division cycle mutants
      cdc7 and cdc8, held in culture at the nonpermissive temperature, possessed
      diminished activity. Because these mutants define a dependent sequence of events
      leading from the start of the cell cycle through G1 to S phase, this result
      suggests that the activity that stimulates 2-micrometer DNA replication in vitro
      is subject to control in the yeast cell cycle.

PMID- 375230
TI  - Requirements of acetyl phosphate for the binding protein-dependent transport
      systems in Escherichia coli.
AB  - In Escherichia coli, acetyl phosphate can be formed from acetyl-CoA via the
      phosphotransacetylase (phosphate acetyltransferase; acetyl-CoA:orthophosphate
      acetyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.8) reaction and from acetate (plus ATP) via the
      acetate kinase (ATP:acetate phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.2.1) reaction. By
      restricting acetyl phosphate formation to the phosphotransacetylase reaction
      alone, through the use of metabolic inhibitors, we were able to show that, with
      pyruvate as a source of energy, mutants defective in phosphotransacetylase are
      unable to transport glutamine, histidine, and methionine. However, with the same
      energy source, mutants defective in acetate kinase are normal in the transport of
      these amino acids. The inability of the phosphotransacetylase mutants to
      transport is due to their presumed inability to form acetyl phosphate, because
      pyruvate is found to be metabolized to acetyl-CoA in these mutants. Thus acetyl
      phosphate has been implicated in active transport. Evidence is also presented
      that neither the protonmotive force nor the ecf gene product is required for the
      shock-sensitive transport systems.

PMID- 375233
TI  - Differentiation of a rat mammary cell line in vitro.
AB  - We have studied the development of fusiform (probably related to myoepithelial)
      cells in Rama 25 cultures [Bennett, D. C. Peachey, L. A., Durbin, H. & Rudland,
      P. S. (1978) Cell 15, 283--298]; we show that they are generated from special
      differentiated structures (projections) that contain a rapidly differentiating
      cell type (F-precursor cells). Clonal sublines isolated from projections develop
      in several directions under both environmental and genetic control. Some types of
      differentiation are reversible; others are irreversible. The various cell
      occurring in vitro may correspond to specific cell types in vivo.

PMID- 375232
TI  - Membrane biogenesis: cotranslational integration of the bacteriophage f1 coat
      protein into an Escherichia coli membrane fraction.
AB  - The coat protein (CP) of bacteriophage f1 is integrated into an Escherichia coli
      plasma membrane fraction consisting of inverted vesicles when it is synthesized
      in a cell-free, coupled transcription--translation system supplemented with the
      inverted vesicles. By using proteolytic enzymes as probes, we found by subsequent
      peptide mapping and determination of the sequence of the proteolytic products
      that CP was inserted into the inverted vesicles in an orientation
      indistinguishable from that in inverted vesicles prepared from infected E. coli:
      only a COOH-terminal portion of approximately 10 residues was accessible to
      proteolysis, whereas the remainder of CP (CP') was entirely protected. Protection
      of CP' was dependent on the integrity of the vesicle membrane, because it was
      abolished when proteolysis was done in the presence of nonionic detergents.
      Insertion was observed when the inverted vesicles were present during translation
      in the cell-free system, not when they were added after translation. Thus, the
      asymmetric insertion of this type of integral membrane protein is strictly
      coupled to translation. These findings are discussed with respect to prokaryotic
      membrane biogenesis and are related to bacteriophage f1 assembly and infection.

PMID- 375234
TI  - Simultaneous localization of type II collagen and core protein of chondroitin
      sulfate proteoglycan in individual chondrocytes.
AB  - In order to investigate the coordinated synthesis of matrix components by
      individual chondrocytes, specific antibodies to type I collagen, type II
      collagen, and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan core protein were used in
      simultaneous double immunofluorescence reactions. Extensive accumulation of core
      protein surrounding chondrocytes and the intracellular accumulation of type II
      collagen were observed. Extracellular core protein immunofluorescence obscured
      the intracellular reaction product, but the extracellular immunoreactive material
      could be removed by digestion with purified testicular hyaluronidase prior to
      fixation. Subsequent to digestion, core protein and type II collagen were
      observed in the same chondrocytes within discrete, sometimes identical,
      cytoplasmic regions, thus demonstrating the simultaneous localization of these
      two products characteristic of differentiating cartilage.

PMID- 375235
TI  - Human melanoma cells have both nerve growth factor and nerve growth factor
      specific receptors on their cell surfaces.
AB  - Human melanoma cells were examined in an indirect membrane immunofluorescence
      assay for surface nerve growth factor (NGF) and NGF receptors. This assay
      revealed that human melanoma cells have various levels of NGF and NGF receptors
      on the plasma membrane, whereas a variety of human sarcoma and carcinoma tumor
      cells and normal human fibroblasts are negative. Surface NGF could be detected on
      melanoma cells with a rabbit antiserum directed to NGF at titers as high as 1:64;
      prior adsorption of this antibody with mouse 2.5S NGF resulted in a loss of
      fluorescence. The melanoma cells were positive whether or not they were grown in
      the presence of fetal calf serum. NGF production by human melanomas is a
      previously unrecognized property of this differentiated cell type. Although other
      cells in culture have been shown to produce NGF, the association of NGF
      production with the presence of NGF receptors on the cell surface is rare among
      tumor cells, and may represent an opportunity for "autostimulation" of melanoma
      cells by this growth factor.

PMID- 375236
TI  - Aflatoxin B1 mutagenesis, DNA binding, and adduct formation in Salmonella
      typhimurium.
AB  - Salmonella typhimurium strain TM677 was mutagenized with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in
      liquid suspension culture in the presence of a rat liver postmitochondrial
      supernatant. Forward mutation to 8-azaguanine resistance was measured in the
      treated cultures and was found to increase linearly with AFB1 concentration. DNA
      purified from mutagenized cells was analyzed for AFB1 adduct formation by high
      pressure liquid chromatography after adduct liberation. AFB1 exposures at 0.16
      and 0.32 micrometer for 35 min produced 15 and 22 AFB1--DNA adducts per genome,
      respectively, and induced 8-azaguanine-resistant fractions of 4.9 X 10(-4) and
      9.6 X 10(-4). Approximately 70% of the AFB1 bound to DNA was chromatographically
      identical to 2,3-dihydro-2-(N7-guanyl)-3-hydroxyaflatoxin B1 at the two AFB1
      levels used.

PMID- 375238
TI  - Bradykinin-like immunoreactive neuronal systems localized histochemically in rat
      brain.
AB  - Bradykinin-like immunoreactive structures were localized in rat brain by the
      indirect immunofluorescence method. Specificity of staining was demonstrated by:
      (i) the absence of fluorescence when preimmune serum was used, (ii) the
      disappearance of fluorescence when sera were preadsorbed with bradykinin, and
      (iii) the presence of identical staining with two different antisera.
      Immunoreactive neuronal cells are observed only in the hypothalamus, with
      especially dense clusters overlying the periventricular and dorsomedial nuclei.
      Fibers and varicose processes are observed in the periaqueductal gray matter,
      hypothalamus, perirhinal and cingulate cortices, the ventral portion of caudate
      putamen, and the lateral septal area.

PMID- 375237
TI  - Strand exchange in site-specific recombination.
AB  - The site-specific recombination system of phage lambda promotes crossovers at its
      attachment site (att). In this report we show that when phage are crossed in
      conditions where only the site-specific recombination system is active, a low
      frequency of crossovers can also be detected in a region that is close to but
      does not contain att. These crossovers require the phage int gene, the host hip
      gene, and the integrity of att. They are not detected if one of the parents
      carries a substitution of a heterologous attachment site (attB instead of attP).
      To explain these findings we suggest that site-specific recombination can proceed
      by exchange of single strands between the participating chromosomes at att and
      migration of the resulting junction outside of att.

PMID- 375239
TI  - Myelin-associated glycoprotein demonstrated immunocytochemically in myelin and
      myelin-forming cells of developing rat.
AB  - The unlabeled peroxidase-antiperoxidase method has been used with antiserum
      against "myelin-associated glycoprotein" to establish the presence of the
      glycoprotein in myelin and myelin-forming cells of the developing rat nervous
      system. Myelin-associated glycoprotein is found in oligodendroglial cytoplasm
      before the beginning of myelination. Staining intensity of oligodendroglia
      increases during early development and slowly declines during the period of rapid
      myelination. Myelin staining is confined to the periaxonal region of the myelin
      sheath and does not increase as large, compact sheaths are formed. Antiserum to
      central nervous system myelin-associated glycoprotein also stains Schwann cells
      in developing trigeminal ganglia and the periaxonal region of peripheral myelin
      sheaths.

PMID- 375241
TI  - Yersinia enterocolitica as an etiology of foodborne illness in man.

PMID- 375240
TI  - Inhibition of gonadotropin release in chimpanzees by the LH-RH antagonist (D
      Phe2, D-Trp3, D-Phe6)-LH-RH.

PMID- 375242
TI  - Use of endotoxin and mycobacterial fractions in treating malignant epithelioma of
      the bovine eye.

PMID- 375243
TI  - [Organic elemental analysis, the dividing line of theory and practice in early
      biochemistry].

PMID- 375244
TI  - [In memoriam Kurt Bodendorf].

PMID- 375245
TI  - Effects of goldthioglucose lesions on central catecholamine levels in the mouse.
AB  - Male and female C57 B1/6J mice were injected with goldthioglucose (GTG) to induce
      an obesity syndrome. Significant increases in body weight were inversely
      correlated with pituitary dopamine (DA) levels. Significant reductions in
      hypothalamic norepinephrine (NE) and DA were also noted; however, these
      reductions did not appear to be related to body weight gain. The GTG injections
      did not produce any significant alterations in telencephalic NE or DA. The damage
      to catecholamine neurons is discussed in relation to the endocrine abnormalities
      of the GTG mouse and some current hypotheses on the control of food intake.

PMID- 375246
TI  - First results obtained with fructose-1, 6-diphosphate (FDP) in the
      "hyperinsulinaemia" (excessive insulin release).

PMID- 375247
TI  - The generation of TXA2 in human platelet rich plasma and its inhibition by
      nictindole and prostacyclin.

PMID- 375248
TI  - Studies in potential organo-fluorine antibacterial agents. Part 2: Synthesis and
      antibacterial activity of some new fluorine-containing 3.5-disubstituted
      isoxazoles.
AB  - A series of new fluorine-containing 3,5-disubstituted aryl/alkylisoxazoles has
      been synthesized by the condensation of hydroxylamine with appropriate beta
      diketones in the presence of pyridine and characterized by IR and 1H NMR spectral
      studies. These isoxazoles have been screened for their antibacterial activity
      against the gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus albus, Streptococcus
      nonhemolyticus and the gram negative bacterium Escherichia coli.

PMID- 375249
TI  - Protein-RNA crosslinks in ribosomes: ultraviolet action spectra. Comparison with
      inactivation action spectrum.

PMID- 375250
TI  - DNA turnover in buffer-held Escherichia coli and its effect on repair of UV
      damage.

PMID- 375252
TI  - Artificial light-sensitive enzymatic systems as chemical amplifiers of weak light
      signals.

PMID- 375251
TI  - Lethal interaction between ultraviolet-violet radiations and methyl methane
      sulphonate in repair proficient and repair deficient strains of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 375253
TI  - The organization of Swedish pharmacy.

PMID- 375255
TI  - Regeneration of monoaminergic and cholinergic neurons in the mammalian central
      nervous system.

PMID- 375254
TI  - Control of acetylcholine receptors in skeletal muscle.
AB  - An ACh receptor is the molecular entity that, in its native habitat, possesses
      the binding sites for ACh and all the other components required to generate the
      ion channels mediating the ACh response. Narrower definitions of an ACh receptor
      (as the binding site for ACh or the polypeptide chain that is folded to form the
      binding site) could lead to semantic arguments about receptor structure.
      Experimentally, ACh receptors are defined by their total function (when
      electrophysiological tests are used) or by ligand binding. There is no evidence
      that the ligand-binding portions of ACh receptors ever exist in vivo without the
      associated channel-forming mechanism and vice versa. Most data are consistent
      with the idea that detergent-solubilized glycoproteins retaining the ACh binding
      sites of the receptor also include the channel-forming components, although it
      appears that the mechanism is prone to denaturation or proteolytic damage.
      Studies of receptor-rich membranes and of solubilized receptor glycoprotein have
      not yet yielded a totally satisfactory image of receptor structure. Most evidence
      favors an ACh receptor composed of three or four different types of glycosylated
      polypeptide chains organized into a unit of aggregate molecular weight about
      300,000--400,000 daltons. Plasma membranes are dynamic structures in two
      different ways. First, their constituent molecules are in rapid thermal motion
      and, when these molecules are not tethered to extramembranous structures or mired
      in large aggregates, they fairly rapidly change their position in the plane of
      the lipid bilayer. Second, all membrane components are continually being
      synthesized and degraded. Acetylcholine receptors participate in both aspects of
      this dynamism. In this review it is proposed that the number and the distribution
      of ACh receptors in skeletal muscle are controlled by modulation of receptor
      metabolism and modulation of associations between receptor molecules or between
      receptors and other, as yet unidentified, elements in neuromuscular junctions and
      at extrajunctional sites where receptors are clustered. The arrangements of
      receptors in skeletal muscle and the total number of receptors in skeletal muscle
      may be regulated by separate mechanisms. Clusters of ACh receptors apparently can
      form spontaneously in extrajunctional areas of denervated muscles and in tissue
      cultured embryonic muscle. Such clusters may be positionally stable and the
      receptor molecules in them may be highly restricted in mobility. Nevertheless,
      these receptors have average lifetimes on the order of 20 h, just like the
      nonclustered, mobile extrajunctional receptors. Receptor clusters also form at
      sites of innervation. In the chick embryo the junctional receptor molecules
      remain short-lived. The metabolism of ACh receptors is highly regulated. The
      biosynthesis of receptors commences during myogenesis at about the time myogenic
      cells become competent to fuse. Later, biosynthesis is dramatically repressed by
      muscle activity and possibly by other factors...

PMID- 375256
TI  - Temperature regulation in newborn polar homeotherms.

PMID- 375257
TI  - Transport of glucose from blood to brain.

PMID- 375259
TI  - Assessment of protein turnover by use of radioisotopic tracers.

PMID- 375258
TI  - Inborn errors of steroid biosynthesis.

PMID- 375260
TI  - Joseph B. Martin.

PMID- 375261
TI  - Some notes on preparing a history of a department of physiology.

PMID- 375262
TI  - John W. Remington 1914-1978.

PMID- 375263
TI  - Robert Emrie Smith 1913-1979.

PMID- 375264
TI  - Henry C. Bazett, president APS, 1950.

PMID- 375266
TI  - Surgical approaches to disrupt primary visual pathway in mammals.

PMID- 375265
TI  - Milton O. Lee 1901-1978.

PMID- 375267
TI  - Role of hypothalamic dopaminergic receptors in the control of lordosis behavior
      in the female rat.

PMID- 375268
TI  - R plasmid gene dosage effects in Escherichia coli K-12: copy mutants of the R
      plasmic R1drd-19.

PMID- 375269
TI  - Reduced recovery of plasmid transconjugants in crosses with Escherichia coli rho
      mutant recipients.

PMID- 375270
TI  - Suppression and enhancement of temperature sensitivity of dnaB mutations of
      Escherichia coli K12 by conjugative plasmids.

PMID- 375271
TI  - Synthetic ColE1 plasmids carrying genes for cell division in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 375272
TI  - Unidirectional replication in Escherichia coli of three small plasmids derived
      from R factor R12.

PMID- 375273
TI  - Complicated neck contracture treated with a pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.
AB  - A case is presented which demonstrates the use of a pectoralis major myocutaneous
      flap for repair in a heavily radiated neck and chest, with neck contracture and a
      tracheocutaneous fistula.

PMID- 375274
TI  - [In memorium: Prof. Yoshio Ozawa].

PMID- 375275
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of neurotic depressions].
AB  - The causes of depressive syndroms differ from case to case. Frequently, the cause
      of disease cannot be reliably determined from the cross-sectional picture alone.
      Rather, it is necessary to give careful consideration to heredity, longitudinal
      analyses, and psychodynamics. The etiopathogenesis of neurotic depressions is
      discussed for the four different forms of neurosis by reference to the
      classification of neuroses recommended in Bad Elster in 1969. To make the
      psychodynamics of neurotic depressions understandable, loss of object, oral
      regression, pathological narcissism, and defense against aggressions are used in
      the sense of metaphoric model concepts and discussed in detail. Psychotherapy and
      its principal objectives are not only discussed in respect to genuine neurotic
      depressions, but it is also shown how it can be made an integral part of a
      differently accentuated, predominantly somatic therapy.

PMID- 375276
TI  - [Meningoencephalitis in Behcet's disease--review and clinical-morphological case
      report].
AB  - The paper describes the neuropathological findings in the seven-year case history
      of a male patient who died at the age of 29 of Behcet's disease with initial
      iridocyclitis and neurological complications. In the author's opinion, the
      presence of any one of the three cardinal symptoms of the muco-cutaneo-ocular
      syndrome and its manifestation on the CNS is sufficient to suppose Behcet's
      disease. Affectation of the eye is a significant and usually the first symptom.
      The case history and the typical morphological findings give rise to the
      assumption of a special ophthalmomeningoencephalic variety of Behcet's disease.

PMID- 375278
TI  - Primary IgA glomerulonephritis and Schonlein-Henoch purpura nephritis:
      Clinicopathological and immunohistological characteristics.
AB  - A comparative analysis on clinicopathological and immunohistological
      characteristics was performed of 205 cases with primary IgA nephritis and 35 with
      Schonlein-Henoch purpura nephritis (purpura nephritis). Diagnostic criteria for
      primary IgA nephritis were set out so that IgA was either the most prominent
      immunoglobulin or, at least, equal to IgG and/or IgM, if present, irrespective of
      mesangial or peripheral localization. In primary IgA nephritis, one half of the
      cases were discovered by asymptomatic proteinuria, and one-third presented
      recurrent upper respiratory tract infection and gross hematuria, one-fourth
      abdominal pain and a few cases joint pain, while purpura nephritis was associated
      with a significantly higher incidence of such systemic symptoms as abdominal and
      joint pains, in addition to purpura. Both diseases shared a tendency toward
      conspicuous hematuria in contrast to the modest proteinuria, with normal renal
      function in three-fourths to two-thirds. Moreover, four of 35 with purpura
      nephritis showed preceding proteinuria and had been regarded as primary IgA
      nephritis until purpura appeared. The glomerular pathology had a common feature
      in that there was frequent occurrence of mesangial proliferative and focal and
      segmental lesions. The immunohistology in the two diseases was indistinguishable
      with regard to the glomerular immunoglobulins and mediators, whether purpura was
      present or absent. Thus, we propose a unifying concept that, by analogy with SLE,
      primary IgA nephritis may be regarded as 'sine lupo,' lying on one side of the
      nosological spectrum with less systemic symptoms, whereas purpura nephritis may
      occupy the other side with more systemic aspects. Furthermore, we confirmed the
      epimembranous granular deposition of IgA in both diseases as the most
      characteristic morphological expression of circulating immune complexes.

PMID- 375279
TI  - The response of mesenteric blood vessels to irradiation.

PMID- 375277
TI  - The influence of the psyche and the brain on immunity and disease susceptibility:
      a critical review.
AB  - In critically reviewing the sources of evidence connecting psyche and brain with
      the immune system, the authors include a brief review of current knowledge of the
      immune system, its interactions with the neuroendocrine system, and other factors
      influencing its regulation. These include developmental stages, aging,
      rhythmicity, and a variety of exogenous influences. The need for developing
      further information about normal base lines is emphasized. Against that
      background, many sources of data demonstrating connections between the central
      nervous system and the immune system are presented: indirect evidence from
      clinical and experimental illnesses involving the immune system, and direct
      changes in either humoral or cellular immunity after natural or experimental
      stress, conditioning, hypnosis, and direct brain stimulation. Possible mechanisms
      are discussed, as well as some important methodological issues for further
      research.

PMID- 375281
TI  - The oxygen effect in the killing of diploid yeast by photon irradiations of
      different energies.

PMID- 375280
TI  - Enzymatic activities in ultraviolet-induced DNA degradation in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 375282
TI  - [Structural-functional state of the pancreas and its hydrolases following
      irradiation].

PMID- 375283
TI  - [Early diagnostic imaging of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (author's transl)].
AB  - The respective diagnostic value each of diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine
      in the detection of early rheumatoid arthritis is being demonstrated--with close
      correlation to its clinical presentation and course. Diagnostic radiology is
      found to be specific and nuclear medicine to be highly sensitive, with the latter
      giving better diagnostic information at an earlier time about the activity of the
      disease than the former--including soft tissue technique. Nuclear medicine
      further--more will be helpful for appropriate timing of diagnostic radiology
      evaluations of this disease.

PMID- 375284
TI  - Erskine Memorial Lecture, 1978. In memory of Arthur W. Erskine, M.D. Introduction
      of the orator, Juan A. del Regato, M.D.

PMID- 375285
TI  - Increased perinephric activity in 99mTc-DTPA studies of renal transplants.
AB  - All 99mTc-DTPA studies of renal transplant patients whose grafts infarcted during
      a three-and-one-half-year period were reviewed. Four patients demonstrated absent
      renal perfusion and clearance and absent bladder activity. Three of these
      exhibited increased perinephric 99mTc-DTPA activity and never regained renal
      function. The fourth patient did not demonstrate increased perinephric activity,
      and some return of graft function appeared in a subsequent 99mTc-DTPA study. The
      pathogenesis of increased perinephric activity is unknown, but may signify renal
      infarction, and its absence may indicate potential renal viability.

PMID- 375286
TI  - Historical notes. Individuals contributing to the organization and development of
      the Radiological Society of North America.

PMID- 375287
TI  - In memoriam. James J. Kasmar, M.D. 1923--1978.

PMID- 375288
TI  - Annual oration, 1978: a tribute to Albert Soiland, M.D. Introduction of the
      Annual Orator, William J. Tuddenham, M.D.

PMID- 375289
TI  - Albert Soiland: pioneer radiologist.

PMID- 375290
TI  - Transdiaphragmatic jejunal duplication: a report of five cases.
AB  - Five infants with intrathoracic transdiaphragmatic duplication cysts are
      presented. Diagnosis was possible from the combination of several features on
      plain chest radiographs: (a) right-sided cystic areas lying posteriorly in the
      chest, (b) lower cervical or upper dorsal spinal dysraphism, and (c) unusual gas
      collection beneath the right hemidiaphragm. Barium studies, positive-contrast
      myelography, and computed tomography were helpful in preoperative assessment.

PMID- 375292
TI  - In memoriam: Arthur Alexander Hobbs, Jr., M.D. 1894--1978.

PMID- 375291
TI  - Gray scale ultrasonic appearances of renal transplant rejection.
AB  - Ultrasonic examination of renal transplants with special attention to the
      parenchymal echo pattern has been undertaken in 43 patients. In the normal renal
      transplant, the pyramids, cortex and renal sinus can be distinguished. Renal
      transplant rejection is manifested by swelling and decreased echogenicity of the
      pyramids and hyperechogenic cortex. In addition, large anechoic areas due to
      hemorrhagic infarcts and necrosis are seen. In long-standing rejection, a normal
      or small-sized kidney with an irregular intrarenal echo pattern is observed. In
      13 cases of acute tubular necrosis, none of the above appearances could be
      demonstrated. Serial ultrasonic scans are essential to reveal evolutionary
      changes of the rejection process.

PMID- 375293
TI  - Fred Jenner Hodges, II, M.D. 1895--1977.

PMID- 375294
TI  - [Vestibular collars of Weener crowns in resin].

PMID- 375295
TI  - [Occlusal surfaces of ordinary metal for total rehabilitation with individual
      units constructed in ceramic. III].

PMID- 375297
TI  - Stress testing: clinical application and predictive capacity.

PMID- 375296
TI  - Prostaglandins, their intermediates and precursors: cardiovascular actions and
      regulatory roles in normal and abnormal circulatory systems.
AB  - The characterization of newly found unstable metabolites of arachidonic acid has
      provided new perspectives for cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms and new
      insights into disorders of the circulatory system. Since these intermediates are
      often more potent on and more specific for cardiovascular structures than the
      classical prostaglandins, they are more likely candidates as physiologic
      mediators of circulatory events. Their instability in vitro need not preclude
      these roles; on the contrary, the limited pharmacology described to date suggests
      that they function purely as local hormones. As such, changes in the rate of
      generation of these unstable but potent compounds would provide an excellent
      control system. The stable prostaglandins may represent only overflow of
      degradation products of the active mediators associated with pathologic events.
      For example, the dicovery of prostacyclin and the realization that this
      prostaglandin and not PGE2 is the primary metabolite of arachidonic acid in blood
      vessels emphasizes the need to reinterpret many of the previously held hypotheses
      that proposed that prostaglandins of the E series contributed to the regulation
      of vessel tone and blood pressure, Moreover, the contribution made by abnormal
      prostaglandin mechanisms to hypertensive disease should now take into account
      that a deficiency of prostacyclin and not PGE2 could be a major factor causing
      the elevated tension developed in vascular smooth muscle and the augmented vessel
      responsiveness to stimuli associated with hypertension.

PMID- 375299
TI  - Plant lipids and their role in membrane function.

PMID- 375298
TI  - Surgically remediable complications of myocardial infarction.

PMID- 375300
TI  - The interpretation of membrane current voltage relations: a Nernst-Planck
      analysis.

PMID- 375301
TI  - The solution spectroscopy of drugs and the drug-nucleic acid interactions.

PMID- 375303
TI  - Eastern Virginia Medical School: community-based school without walls.

PMID- 375302
TI  - General descriptions of passive transport of neutral solute and solvent through
      membranes.

PMID- 375305
TI  - Military medicine.

PMID- 375304
TI  - Eastern Virginia Graduate School of Medicine.

PMID- 375306
TI  - Tissue transplantation by microsurgery in the hand, with special reference to war
      injuries.

PMID- 375307
TI  - The immediate treatment of the burned hand.

PMID- 375308
TI  - Secondary reconstruction of the burned hand.

PMID- 375310
TI  - Osteomyelitis with special reference to the hand.

PMID- 375309
TI  - Soft tissue infections.

PMID- 375311
TI  - Soft tissue damage in war injuries of the upper extremity with special reference
      to tendons and nerves.

PMID- 375312
TI  - [The sugar chains of ovalbumin--the structural rules of the asparagine-linked
      sugar chains of glycoproteins and their biochemical backgrounds (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 375313
TI  - [Alkaline phosphatase: the functions of alkaline phosphatase and the roles of
      carbohydrate moiety in the enzyme molecule (author's transl)].

PMID- 375314
TI  - [Protoplasts from higher plants (author's transl)].

PMID- 375315
TI  - [Biosynthesis and assembly of outer membrane proteins of Escherichia coli
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 375316
TI  - Aureobasidium pullulans metabolism of prostaglandins of the A-type.
AB  - Aureobasidium pullulans, originally introduced as an inadvertent contaminant in
      solutions used for evaluating the stability of prostaglandins, proved to lead to
      the rapid disappearance of the cyclopentenone unit of PGA2 (as monitored by
      circular dichroic spectroscopy). The cyclopentenone unit is converted, in various
      metabolites, to a 9-keto, 9 alpha or 9 beta-hydroxy group lacking the ring
      unsaturation. The major EtoAc-soluble 9-hydroxy metabolite (Compound-I) was shown
      to be 9 alpha, 15 alpha-dihydroxy-2, 3, 4, 5-tetranor-13-trans-prostenoic acid.
      Similar tetranor 9-hydroxy metabolites with one additional degree of
      unsaturation, and with a 9 beta-hydroxy group, also occur but these have not been
      fully characterized. Only two of the wide range of 9-keto metabolites are fully
      characterized by mass spectral (MS) data: 9, 15-oxo-2, 3, 4, 5-tetranorprostanoic
      acid and 9, 15-oxo-2, 3, 4, 5-tetranor-13-trans-prostenoic acid. The water
      soluble metabolites have not been characterized further. The fully characterized
      metabolites together with MS data from mixtures of minor metabolites indicate
      that A. pullulans can perform the following transformation: beta-oxidation,
      dehydrogenation at C-15, reduction of the enone carbon-carbon double bonds (both
      delta 10,11 and delta 13,14), reduction of the 9-ketone, and possibly migration
      of the cyclopentyl double bond (delta 10, 11 leads to delta 11, 12). A. pullulans
      metabolizes 15-epimeric PGA2 equally readily with the production of similar
      products. PGA1 affords less 9-keto metabolites with compound I constituting 33%
      of the product by HPLC analysis. A. pullulans displays some enantioselectivity,
      PGA2 and 15-epi-PGA2 are each metabolized more rapidly than their enantiomers.
      Other prostaglandins appear to be less readily metabolized.

PMID- 375317
TI  - The renal haemodynamic and excretory actions of prostacyclin and 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha
      in anaesthetized dogs.
AB  - Intrarenal arterial (i.a.) infusions of prostacyclin (PGI2) at 30-300 ng/min to
      anaesthetized dogs reduced renal vascular resistance (RVR) and filtration
      fraction (FF), increased mean renal blood flow (MRBF) but did not alter mean
      arterial pressure (MAP)or glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The urinary excretion
      of sodium (UNaV), potassium (UKV) and chloride ions (UC1V) were increased through
      inhibition of net tubular ion reabsorption. PGI2 (3000 ng/min, i.a.) reduced MAP
      and increased heart rate. Intravenous (i.v.) infusions of PGI2 (3000 gn/min)
      reduced MAP, GFR, FF, urine volume and ion excretion, with elevation of heart
      rate. The measured variables were unaltered by 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha (10,000 ng/min
      i.a.). Treatment of the dogs with the PG synthetase inhibitor meclofenamic acid
      (2.5 mg/kg i.v.) did not antagonise the elevation of MRBF to PGI2 (300 ng/min
      i.a.). Thus the renal effects of PGI2 were due to a direct action rather than
      through conversion to 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha or through stimulation of endogenous renal
      PG biosynthesis and release.

PMID- 375318
TI  - The action of prostacyclin (PGI2) on the contractility of the isolated circular
      and longitudinal muscle layers of the human oviduct.
AB  - Small strips from the circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the ampullary
      isthmic portion of the human oviduct were mounted in organ chambers for recording
      of their spontaneous contractility. Concentrations in the order of 1-300 ng/ml of
      PGI2 were tested and compared with similar concentrations of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha.
      It was found that PGI2 contracted the longitudinal muscle layer in the same
      manner as did PGE2. The spontaneous activity of the circular layer was markedly
      suppressed by PGE2 but only moderately inhibited by PGI2 even at high
      concentrations.

PMID- 375319
TI  - EG-626: not a thromboxane A2 antagonist, but a PGI2 potentiator in platelet
      aggregation.

PMID- 375320
TI  - [Application of radioisotope on the dynamics of halogen elements in the soil
      plant system.--Activation analysis (author's transl)].

PMID- 375321
TI  - [Radiation monitoring of the workplace (IX). Air monitoring. (5) Measurement of
      concentration of tritiated water vapor, 14C and 35S in air (author's transl)].

PMID- 375322
TI  - [Chemical radiosensitizers (author's transl)].

PMID- 375323
TI  - [Practical techniques of activation analysis to agricultural and biological
      samples (VII). (6) Activation analysis for trace elements in animal materials
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 375324
TI  - [The revolution of "De Motu Cordis" (1628) William Harvey)].

PMID- 375325
TI  - [Corrections concering the biography and the portrait of Joachim Roelants, a
      friend of Vesalius].

PMID- 375326
TI  - [Microbiologic quality of fish on sale in the City of Guatermala].
AB  - A sanitary microbiological survey of fresh and processed fish on sale in
      Guatemalan markets and supermarkets was carried out. Samples of tables, floor and
      freezer surfaces, and of the water, ice and liquid drippings of the different
      stands were also taken and analyzed. Aerobic counts exceeded 10(6)/g in 72% of
      the samples, and 16% had more than 40 fecal coliforms/g. Coagulase-positive
      Staphylococcus aureus were never higher than 100/g in fish. The bacterial counts
      were higher in the ice and liquid drippings.

PMID- 375327
TI  - Bacteriophage specificity in the identification of Yersinia pestis as compared
      with other enterobacteria.
AB  - Bacteriophage typing of Yersinia pestis and the specificity of the phage among
      Enterobacteriaceae were investigated. The bacteriophage used for rapid
      identification of Y. pestis reacted with representative strains of all recognized
      species of Shigella as well as with Salmonella cholerae-suis. Reactive Shigella
      serotypes were Sh. dysenteriae 1 and 9, Sh. flexneri 2a, Sh. boydii 1 and 6, and
      Sh. sonnei. Patterns consisting of isolated plaques (two cases) or absence of
      plaques were observed when the routine test dilution (RTD) of the phage was used.
      Results were independent of the incubation temperature (20, 28 or 37 degrees C).
      Representative strains of Escherichia, Proteus, Providencia and Klebsiella were
      resistant to the bacteriophage even at 1000 X the RTD established for Y. pestis.

PMID- 375328
TI  - Professor Renato Locchi (May 7, 1896--May 21, 1978).

PMID- 375329
TI  - [Sepsis caused by Candida albicans. Comments on 7 cases].

PMID- 375330
TI  - [Etiopathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. I. Etiology].

PMID- 375331
TI  - [Correlations between variations in vigilance, E.E.G. activity, respiration, and
      clonicity in a case of Jakob-Creutzfeldt's disease (author's transl)].
AB  - Diurnal polygraphic recordings in a 72 year old women with Jakob-Creutzfeldt's
      disease (confirmed by anatomical and pathological examinations), showed
      correlations between modifications in respiration and myoclonic activity, and
      somnolent episodes. Falling asleep was marked by the replacement of periodic
      paroxystic activity by diffuse and irregular theta activity; the brusts of
      clonicity were interrupted at the same time as the paroxystic complexes; a more
      or less marked hypopnea accompanied most of these episodes, but the bradycardia
      was inconstant. The close temporal correlations between the variations in
      vigilance, respiration, periodic E.E.G. activity, and clonicity suggested the
      existence of a common triggering mechanism, the nature of which has still to be
      elucidated.

PMID- 375332
TI  - [Contribution of phonomechanocardiographic methods for the non invasive
      estimation of ventricular function. Analysis of multiple regression].

PMID- 375333
TI  - [Dr. Enrique Vidal Colomer].

PMID- 375334
TI  - [Left peripheral cholangiojejunostomy].

PMID- 375335
TI  - [Relation of members of the Spanish Society of Digestive Pathology].

PMID- 375336
TI  - [Possible reparatory action of the syndrome of dry mouth by
      trithioparamethoxyphenylpropene].

PMID- 375337
TI  - [Reye's syndrome].

PMID- 375338
TI  - [Combined stimulation of the beta cells in chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 375339
TI  - [Kinetic and immunological considerations on the therapy of immunoproliferative
      disorders].

PMID- 375340
TI  - Influence of the adrenal cortex on allograft rejections in rats.
AB  - I. The bibliography about corticosteroid influence on immune response is briefly
      reviewed. Generally, it is admitted that corticosteroids are immunosuppressive
      when administered in large amounts. Divergent opinions are recalled. II. The aims
      of the experiments are summarized: A) Investigate on the influence of corticoids
      (given in just substitutive amounts) on skin allograft rejection. B) Investigate
      on possible interactions between adrenal cortex and thymus with this test. III.
      It was observed, that A) Adrenalectomy resulted in a significant delay of
      allograft rejection. B) This could be suppressed partially by administering
      aldosterone, corticosterone, and desoxycorticosterone and completely by
      administering at least two of these hormones. C) Cortisol had shown a minor
      inhibitory influence. D) There was no obvious difference between adrenalectomized
      and thymectomized rats and those adrenalectomized only. IV. These observations
      are replaced in the context of bibliography and their significance is discussed.

PMID- 375341
TI  - [Experimental study on tissue and cell reactions after implantation of xenogeneic
      collagen sponges (author's transl)].
AB  - 164 inbred Wistar rats received subcutaneous and intraperitoneal implants of
      xenogeneic collagen sponges and were examined by light- and electron microscopy
      as well as immunohistologically, to establish tissue and cell reactions and the
      time of collagen reabsorption. 4 to 5 weeks after implantation the xenogeneic
      collagen sponge was completely absorbed. All the inflammatory and reparative
      reactions were non-specific. Granulation tissue appeared soon (3 days after
      implantation) with new synthesis of fine collagen fibrils, mainly of type III,
      followed by type I collagen fibers. Myofibroblasts, with intracellular evidence
      of myosin and collagen (Type I and III) were sporadically present in the
      granulation tissue after day 5 and regularly after day 10. Small scar granulomas
      without xenogenic collagen were detectable even 4 to 6 months after collagen
      implantation. Reabsorption and regression of collagen granulomas occurred faster
      after xenogeneic collagen implantation than after using surgical cat sutures.
      From the morphological point of view, there is no indication of specific
      sensitization against xenogeneic collagen or of a specific immunologic process.

PMID- 375342
TI  - The effects of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor BAY g 5421 (Acarbose) on meal
      stimulated elevations of circulating glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels in
      man.
AB  - In blind studies the effects of a new alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (BAY g 5421)
      were tested in normal weight and overweight male volunteers after oral
      application of 75, 150, or 300 mg of BAY g 5421 or placebo per os before three
      standardized main meals of one day. Before and three hours after each meal blood
      glucose, serum insulin, and serum triglyceride levels were determined. In
      addition, safety studies were performed. BAY g 5421 induced a statistically
      significant, in part dose-dependent inhibition of the postprandial increase of
      blood glucose- and serum insulin levels. The reduction of the postprandial
      increase of serum triglyceride levels was variable. Routine blood chemistry and
      hematology tests have revealed no adverse side effects; but the application of
      the drug was frequently associated with intestinal effects, such as flatulence
      and diarrhea, which were substrate (carbohydrate) and, in part, dose-dependent.

PMID- 375343
TI  - The effects of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor BAY g 5421 (Acarbose) on
      postprandial blood glucose, serum insulin, and triglyceride levels: dose-time
      response relationships in man.
AB  - In a double-blind quadruple cross-over study the effect of a new alpha
      glucosidase inhibitor (BAY g 5421) on postprandial blood glucose, serum insulin,
      and serum triglyceride increases was tested in 24 male healthy volunteers. They
      received before a standardized breakfast 50, 100, or 200 mg of BAY g 5421 or a
      placebo per os. The dose-time-response relationships were calculated and the drug
      tolerance was assessed. There was a statistically significant inhibition of the
      postprandial increases of the blood glucose, serum insulin, and triglyceride
      values. Further analysis showed no dose-dependent effect of the drug on the blood
      glucose values, whereas the serum insulin and triglyceride values were affected
      in a dose-dependent fashion. The maximal inhibitory effect on the serum insulin
      levels occurred 69 min after breakfast and on the serum triglyceride levels 104
      min after breakfast. One hundred and 200 mg of BAY g 5421 were equally inhibitory
      effective on the serum insulin levels, whereas the highest dose used was markedly
      more effective on serum triglyceride values than lower doses. Based on these
      results, a dosage of 100--200 mg of BAY g 5421/meal is recommended for clinical
      trials in metabolic diseases.

PMID- 375344
TI  - Farmer's lung disease in Vermont.
AB  - Several Vermont population groups were surveyed for the occurrence of antibodies
      to thermophilic actinomycetes. Antibodies to M. faeni and T. vulgaris were
      measured by the precipitin method in all subjects and, in 124 subjects, M. faeni
      antibodies were also measured by the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA)
      technique. There was relatively good correlation between the two techniques (r
      0.48, p less than 0.01). Hospital employees, blood donors and patients with
      chronic bronchitis were generally negative for precipitins to thermophilic
      actinomycetes. Of the 258 Vermont dairy farmers surveyed, 14 (5.4%) had
      precipitins to M. faeni, 3 (1.2%) had precipitins to T. vulgaris but only 1
      farmer with antibodies to M. faeni had symptoms of possible farmer's lung disease
      (FLD). On the other hand, 10 (4.1%) precipitin-negative farmers had symptoms
      possibly consistent with FLD. The IFA test did not correlate any better with
      symptoms. 7 (5.6%) patients with pulmonary fibrosis had precipitins to M. faeni 5
      of these were diagnosed as having FLD. 18 (14.4%) had precipitins to T. vulgaris
      and only 3 of these patients were felt to have hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
      Patients with pulmonary fibrosis and FLD hat IFA titers of greater than or equal
      to 1/128, but so did asymptomatic farmers.

PMID- 375345
TI  - Exercise training with oxygen supply and directed breathing in patients with
      chronic airway obstruction.

PMID- 375346
TI  - [O2 store (author's transl)].

PMID- 375347
TI  - [Sudden death--the definition, incidence and causes (author's transl)].

PMID- 375348
TI  - [Electrophysiological background of sudden death (author's transl)].

PMID- 375349
TI  - [Sudden death in infants and children (author's transl)].

PMID- 375350
TI  - Phagocytic and antimicrobial activities of rabbit peritoneal and alveolar
      macrophages activated with Mycobacterium bovis BCG on Candida albicans.

PMID- 375351
TI  - [Effect of hormones (progesterone and testosterone) on the pathogenicity of
      Trypanosoma cruzi].

PMID- 375353
TI  - [The Institute of Anesthesiology of the Hopital cantonal de Geneve celebrates 25
      years of activity].

PMID- 375354
TI  - [Tribute to Michel Demole].

PMID- 375352
TI  - [Comparative study of the pathogenicity of 4 strains of T. cruzi in white mice].

PMID- 375355
TI  - [Masticatory efficacy in complete prosthesis. Its relation to occlusal form].

PMID- 375356
TI  - [Measurements of the dimensional variations of impression resins during
      polymerization stages at buccal temperature].

PMID- 375357
TI  - [Documentation in the service of teachers].

PMID- 375358
TI  - [The pivot, means of radicular anchorage for restoration of pulpless teeth
      (proceedings)].

PMID- 375359
TI  - [Cylindrical pivots (proceedings)].

PMID- 375360
TI  - [Cast pivots and use of Valadier drills (proceedings)].

PMID- 375361
TI  - ["Inlay block" technique, advantages and disadvantages (proceedings)].

PMID- 375362
TI  - ["Inlay block" technique (proceedings)].

PMID- 375363
TI  - [Cast pivots and use of pulp canal morphology (proceedings)].

PMID- 375364
TI  - Henry Thomas Randall, MD.

PMID- 375366
TI  - Ketoprofen in the treatment of soft tissue injury.

PMID- 375365
TI  - Medicine and the waning of professional sovereignty.

PMID- 375367
TI  - Clinical studies with ketoprofen in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 375368
TI  - Combined oral and rectal administration of ketoprofen.

PMID- 375369
TI  - Radioisotope synoviorthesis in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Synoviorthesis with radioisotopes is indicated when joint inflammation is not
      totally controlled by drug prescription. Synoviorthesis should prevent
      osteoarticular destruction, especially in those cases where the patient does not
      feel any pain while taking analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. Several
      publications have shown the value of 90Y for treatment of the knee in rheumatoid
      arthritis. A dose of 4 mCi seems to be sufficient. For digital joints 169Er, a
      much weaker isotope, is used. Excellent and good results are obtained in 54.6% of
      cases. A recent double-blind study demonstrated a highly significant difference
      with saline (+ prednisolone acetate). Other joints, such as the wrist, elbow,
      shoulder, ankle or hip, can be treated with 198Au or, better, with 186Rh, which
      is an almost pure beta-emitter. Excellent and good results are seen in 50--60% of
      cases, depending on the joint. Treatment is well tolerated but patients younger
      than 40 years should not receive isotopes and the total dose administered should
      be less than 15 mCi.

PMID- 375370
TI  - Double-blind trial of 90Y for chronic inflammatory synovitis of the knee.

PMID- 375371
TI  - Surgical synovectomy of the metacarpophalangeal joints in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 375372
TI  - [Use of the computer in teaching rheumatology. Trial application in the diagnosis
      of an adult polyarthritis].
AB  - The immense possibilities offered by the computer can be utilized in medical
      education, through a free dialogue between the student and the machine thanks to
      a terminal. A diagnostic simulation program has been carried out in diagnosing
      adult polyarthritis. This program neccesitates an analysis of diagnostic behavior
      and, on this basis, the preparing of a diagnostic tree or graph. The reasons
      leading to the plan adopted in constructing the graph, are discussed. Cases of
      increasing difficulty are proposed to the student, who must follow the course
      plan in order to arrive at a diagnosis. This teaching method, applied for thing
      pedagogical advantages both for the teacher and the student. The operating cost
      seems reasonable.

PMID- 375373
TI  - The "Revista de Saude Publica" in the world literature.

PMID- 375374
TI  - Morphometric electron and light microscope analysis of lymphoid cells in coeliac
      disease.
AB  - Lymphocytes in jejunal biopsies from normal subjects and from untreated, treated,
      and gluten-challenged coeliac patients were examined by accurate morphometric
      methods. There was no significant difference between lymphocytes from different
      sources and those in the jejunum. Transforming lymphocytes were ultrastructurally
      quite different from non-transforming lymphocytes. The appearance of transforming
      lymphocytes in the lamina propria in different groups of coeliac patients is in
      accordance with the increase in the number of plasma cells. In treated patients
      the results indicate a rapid humoral response to gluten challenge.

PMID- 375375
TI  - Antral G- and D-cell counts in chronic renal failure.
AB  - Antral somatostatin- and gastrin-producing cells (D and G cells) were studied in
      a group of patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in comparison with a control
      group. Gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin, phosphate, and parathormone
      (PTH) levels were also evaluated in every patient. The group with CRF showed a
      mild increase both in G- and in D-cell denisty. In this group serum phosphate and
      PTH levels were higher than normal, showing hyperparathyroidism in every patient.
      A direct correlation was found between G-cell density and parathyroid function in
      patients with CRF. Hyperparathyroidism, therefore, seems to play a role in the
      mechanism of increased serum gastrin levels in CRF.

PMID- 375376
TI  - The inhibitory effect of 15(R)15 methyl prostaglandin E2 and the interaction with
      atropine on stimulated gastric acid secretion in man.
AB  - The inhibitory effect of 15(R)15 methyl prostaglandin E2 (Me PGE2) on the gastric
      acid response to pentagastrin stimulation, 0.6 micrograms.kg-1.h-1, was examined
      in healthy male volunteers. Each subject underwent a control test and tests with
      intragastrically administered graded doses of 15(R)15 Me PGE2 as free acid (80,
      140, 200, and 400 micrograms, n = 5) and as methylester (80, 140, and 200
      micrograms, n = 6). The percentage inhibition of the acid output during 2 h after
      increasing doses of the free acid was 24 +/- 11, 49 +/- 7, 44+/-9, and 76 +/-
      12%. Corresponding figures for the methylester were 35 +/- 2, 54 +/- 5, and 64 +/
      8%. Both volume and acidity were reduced. Side effects did not occur, except for
      moderate diarrhoea in one subject after 400 micrograms of the free acid. In a
      third series (n = 6) the combined effect of 80 micrograms methyl ester (44 +/- 5%
      inhibition) and 1.5 mg atropine sulphate was studied. Atropine alone gave a 43 +/
      6% inhibition by lowering the secreted volumes. For the combination the
      inhibition was 82 +/- 3%. Intragastric 15(R)15 Me PGE2 inhibited dose-dependently
      the pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid response. Differences between the free
      acid and methyl ester of the analogue were not significant. Compared with other
      Me PGE2 compounds, 15(R)15 Me PGE2 was less effective per dose, but the dose
      range was broader and side effects were slight. Concomitantly given atropine had
      a significant additive inhibitory effect.

PMID- 375377
TI  - Effect of cimetidine on histamine- and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion
      in healthy subjects.
AB  - Cimetidine-induced inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion in response to
      histamine and pentagastrin simulation was studied in four healthy young subjects.
      Different doses of histamine and pentagastrin were administered alone and in
      combination with cimetidine on separate days; the order of administration was
      randomized. As the dose of histamine increased, the inhibitory effect of 0.6mg.kg
      1h-1 of cimetidine on acid output decreased. With supramaximal histamine
      stimulation the inhibition was completely overcome. These results are consistent
      with competitive inhibition of histamine-stimulated acid output by cimetidine in
      man. After pentagastrin stimulation inhibition of acid output by cimetidine could
      not be overcome by increasing the dose of the stimulant, suggesting a
      noncompetitive inhibition of pentagastrin-evoked acid output. It is concluded
      that the kinetics of cimetidine-induced inhibition of histamine- and pentastrin
      stimulated gastric acid output are different. At approximately half maximal
      stimulation of acid secretion, cimetidine was a more potent inhibitor of
      histamine than of pentagastrin. Pepsin output in response to both histamine and
      pentagastrin stimulation was also inhibited by cimetidine.

PMID- 375378
TI  - Hepatitis B virus markers among family contacts of asymptomatic HBsAg carriers.
AB  - A study was undertaken to establish the risk of family contacts of HBsAg carriers
      acquiring a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. About one-third of all household
      contacts of asymptomatic HBsAg carriers had signs of past or ongoing HBV
      infection. Family contacts of HBsAg carriers with high numbers of circulating
      Dane particles were shown to have a higher risk of developing HBV infection than
      family contacts of HBsAg carriers without serological evidence of HBV synthesis.
      The probability of acquiring HBV infection was not different between spouses,
      parents, children, and brothers and sisters, respectively of asymptomatic HBsAg
      carriers.

PMID- 375380
TI  - Methodological issues in tardive dyskinesia research.
AB  - Research into tardive dyskinesia, an involuntary movement disorder secondary to
      chronic neuroleptic treatment, has so far produced conflicting results with no
      clear clinical applications. Heterogeneous diagnostic criteria, research designs,
      and rating scales, plus an emphasis on single-drug trials, are probably
      responsible. A strategy of developing pharmacological response profiles for
      patients participating in tardive dyskinesia research is suggested as one way to
      produce meaningful data, which may delineate pharmacological and clinical
      subtypes that would respond to different treatment approaches. Further
      suggestions are made about future trends in this area of research.

PMID- 375379
TI  - Properties of antinuclear antibodies that cross-react with plasma membranes.
AB  - Certain human antinuclear antibodies (ANA) cross-react specifically with the
      surface membrane of human leucocytes. In the present work these cross-reacting
      (X) ANA could be eluted directly from viable leucocytes isolated from three
      patients. The plasma membrane antigen recognized by X-ANA appeared
      phylogenetically highly conserved since it was present on viable HeLa cells and
      cells from mouse and rabbit spleen, rat liver, and the slime mould Physarum
      polycephalum. X-ANA did not react with the plasma membrane of nucleated bird
      erythrocytes or human erythrocytes or thrombocytes. The same X-ANA subset reacted
      with the various cells. The presence of X-ANA correlated strongly (P less than
      0.01) with antibodies against a HeLa cell surface antigen. The nuclear antigen
      recognized by X-ANA was present in all species examined, including bird
      erythrocyte nuclei and nuclei of Physarum polycephalum. Native or denatured DNA,
      RNA or a saline extract of nuclei did not inhibit the binding of X-ANA to cell
      nuclei.

PMID- 375381
TI  - Is borderline a distinct entity?
AB  - There is no agreement in American psychiatry as to whether borderline should be
      regarded as a distinct entity. A review of the major viewpoints in the field
      reveals that borderline is variously used to designate: (1) a clinical disorder
      distinguishable by behavioral criteria; (2) a milder form of schizophrenia; (3) a
      nonspecific term encompassing several atypical affective disorders; (4) a
      psychostructural distinction. When the St. Louis approach to diagnostic validity
      is used as a guideline, the conclusion reached is that available data do not
      weigh conclusively for or against borderline's status as an independent entity.
      In particular, borderline, as defined by several investigators, appears distinct
      from schizophrenia, but requires further delimitation from the affective
      disorders.

PMID- 375382
TI  - Borderline schizophrenia: evidence of its validity.
AB  - Borderline schizophrenia is held to be a valid entity that should be included in
      the DSM-III. It is a chronic illness that may be associated with many other
      symptoms but is best characterized by perceptual-cognitive abnormalities. It has
      a familial distribution and a genetic relationship with schizophrenia. The term
      schizotypal personality is an acceptable alternative to borderline schizophrenia,
      but given the apparent genetic relationship with schizophrenia, and given that we
      are dealing with a vulnerability to episodic symptoms more than personality
      traits, we prefer the older term.

PMID- 375383
TI  - Genetic determinants of borderline conditions.
AB  - Evidence about the genetic determinants for borderline conditions is reviewed.
      The research data are too limited and the diagnostic practices followed in
      existing studies are too varied to allow firm conclusions to be drawn. Thus, the
      need for new studies starting with well-defined samples of borderline patients is
      clear. Previous work implicates genetic factors in the etiology of at least some
      borderlines, but it is unclear that borderlines by any definition will, as a
      group, have uniformly strong and specific genetic determinants. With further
      research, partially overlapping subgroups might be defined on the basis of
      careful examination of borderline patients' clinical characteristics and family
      histories. Such characterization could have potential clinical value since there
      may be subgroups of borderlines who respond differently to various
      psychopharmacologic treatments (Klein 1975) or to exploratory versus ego
      supportive psychotherapy (Stone 1977). Characterizations based on genetic
      considerations may have their limitations, since the genetics of these disorders
      probably involve complex interactions of a variety of factors that may be more or
      less specifically related to other major diagnostic groups.

PMID- 375384
TI  - Was Thomas Wolfe a borderline?
AB  - The distinction between the two types of borderline proposed by Spitzer,
      Endicott, and Gibbon--the Schizotypal Personality type of borderline and the
      Borderline Personality type of borderline--suggests an advance in our thinking
      about the borderline concept. However, it can be shown, at least in the case of
      Thomas Wolfe, that an appreciable amount of overlap exists between the two
      borderline types, in the sense that the same person can load substantially on
      items from both types. Such findings may tend to blur the distinction between the
      two types. Also, Wolfe, hailed as a genius, manifested unusual behaviors which
      are rarely observed and may constitute a form of borderline condition that
      challenges current diagnosis.

PMID- 375385
TI  - Post-mortem inflation, radiography, and fixation of human lungs. A method for
      radiological and pathological correlations and morphometric studies.
AB  - A method is described for correlative radiological and pathological studies of
      the lung post mortem, including radiography after air inflation, fixation with
      formalin-polyethylene glycol-alcohol solution, air drying and systematic
      histological sampling of lung tissue. For morphometric studies the total lung
      capacity during life is determined from radiograms and compared with the volume
      of the excised lung after fixation. The method is simple, relatively inexpensive,
      and with some experience gives good results both in radiography and histology.
      With this method the test lungs seemed to assume during fixation a fairly
      constant volume, a little higher than functional residual capacity.

PMID- 375386
TI  - Humidifier-associated extrinsic allergic alveolitis.
AB  - Three cases of allergic alveolitis due to indoor humdification systems are
      described. Thermoactinomyces vulgaris precipitins were detected in the serum of a
      37-year-old female patient who had typical febrile attacks during exposure to
      cool-mist from a home humidifier. When the cause was detected and eliminated, the
      symptoms and signs disappeared and the woman's gas transfer factor improved from
      56% to normal within six months. In a printing office a 60-year-old woman had had
      febrile attacks with cough for more than a year. The patient herself associated
      the respiratory disease with a cool-mist humidifier sometimes used at work. The
      water reservoir was heavily contaminated with amoebas (Amoeba proteus), which
      might have been the causative organisms in this case. Aspergillus fumigatus
      precipitins were found in the serum of a 53-year-old female printer with the
      clinical picture of occupational allergic alveolitis. The same organism was
      detected in the ambient air of the printing office.

PMID- 375387
TI  - [Thrombangiitis obliterans: diagnosis and therapy in light of new immunological
      findings].
AB  - Thrombangiitis obliterans, a segmental, multilocal, inflammatory disease of the
      small and medium-sized arteries and veins, is characterized by the relatively
      juvenile onset of the disease, the peripheral localization of the arterial
      occlusions and by phlebitis saltans. Other diagnostic criteria are the absence of
      risk factors typical of atherosclerosis (except smoking), strictly localized
      occlusion on angiography, phasic clinical course, and exclusion of either
      collagen disease or essential thrombocytosis. A possible immunopathogenesis for
      the disease is increasingly favored. In our own study of 33 patients the
      complement factor C4 was increased in 54.6%, the antielastin antibodies were
      found at a titre of 1:8 in 57.1% and the immuncomplexes in 23.3%. In only 1 case
      was the histocompatibility antigen HLA B 12 absent. In view of these immunologic
      findings and also the fact that phlebitis saltans as a symptom of the disease can
      be suppressed by salicylates and corticosteroids, but not by anticoagulants, the
      following therapy is proposed: high doses of acetylsalicylic acid during the
      acute stage of the illness, or, if this regimen fails, a trial with
      corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents.

PMID- 375388
TI  - Review of sympathomimetic bronchodilators.

PMID- 375389
TI  - Potential halogenated industrial carcinogenic and mutagenic chemicals. IV.
      Halogenated aryl derivatives.
AB  - A variety of halogenated aryl derivatives possess significant activity as
      solvents for pesticides, heat transfer agents, pesticide intermediates, additives
      for rubber products, intermediates in organic synthesis and as insect repellants
      and deodorants. Ortho- and para-dichlorobenzenes; 1,2,4-trichloro- and
      hexachlorobenzene, as well as bromobenzenes and benzylchloride were reviewed
      principally in terms of their synthesis, areas of utility, stability,
      distribution, reactivity, levels of exposure, populations at risk, metabolism,
      carcinogenicity and mutagenicity.

PMID- 375390
TI  - Diabetes drugs: clinical trial.

PMID- 375391
TI  - Diabetes drugs: clinical trial.

PMID- 375392
TI  - Diabetes drugs: clinical trial.

PMID- 375393
TI  - Extrapituitary action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone: direct inhibition
      ovarian steroidogenesis.
AB  - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and its agonistic analogs inhibited the
      follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced increase of estrogen and progesterone
      production in vitro by rat ovarian granulosa cells. Likewise, GnRH analogs
      inhibited FSH-induced changes in ovarian function in hypophysectomized rats in
      vivo. These results indicate that GnRH, in addition to its well-known
      gonadotropin-releasing action in the pituitary, exerts a direct inhibition of
      ovarian steroidogenesis.

PMID- 375395
TI  - Implications of cystic fibrosis for health services and the afflicted.

PMID- 375394
TI  - Physical factors affecting the mutagenicity of fly ash from a coal-fired power
      plant.
AB  - The two finest, most respirable coal fly ash fractions collected from the
      smokestack of a power plant were more mutagenic than two coarser fractions.
      Mutagenicity was evaluated in the histidine-requiring bacterial strains TA 1538,
      TA 98, and TA 100 of Salmonella typhimurium. Ash samples collected from the
      hoppers of an electrostatic precipitator in the plant were not mutagenic. The
      mutagens in coal fly ash were resistant to x-ray or ultraviolet irradiation,
      possibly as a result of stabilization by fly ash surfaces. All mutagenic activity
      is lost with heating to 350 degrees C.

PMID- 375396
TI  - [Family tree of the historically oldest Premysl dynasty in the light of
      serological group properties as determined from their skeletal remains].
AB  - The determination of group family properties assayed in individuals of five of
      the historically eldest generations of the Premysl dynasty, who reigned in the
      9th and 10th centuries, contributed to: 1. the corroboration or refutation of
      possible kinship among the individuals under investigation, 2. supporting the
      identification of some of the individuals as established by other methods, using
      the above independent methodology, 3. the purification of fragments of
      anatomically unconnectable parts of the postcranial bones by eliminating
      fragments of other group properties. In conclusion, the joint anthropological and
      forensic effort can be said to have contributed to a large extent to obtaining
      more historical knowledge of personalities associated with the very beginnings of
      the history of the Czech nation and statehood.

PMID- 375397
TI  - Side effects of cimetidine.

PMID- 375398
TI  - Renal tubular dysfunction in transplanted kidneys.
AB  - We studied 15 renal transplant recipients for evidence of tubular dysfunction.
      Eight patients were hypophosphatemic, and two had systemic acidosis with a
      urinary acidification defect. Mild aminoaciduria and bicarbonaturia were present
      in four and 14 patients, respectively. Elevated parathyroid hormone level was
      found in only one patient. Tubular reabsorption of phosphorus was depressed in
      all eight hypophosphatemic patients, while no such abnormalities were observed in
      14 control subjects. Defective tubular reabsorption of phosphorus was the most
      striking abnormality. None of the parameters studied, including immunosuppressant
      therapy, parathyroid hormone levels, creatinine clearance, or acid-base balance,
      clearly account for the pathogenesis of this abnormality.

PMID- 375400
TI  - Preventing disruption of abdominal wounds.
AB  - The use of silver wire retention sutures requires added operating room time and
      expense, and it incurs the potential hazards of caught viscera, the possibility
      of more adhesions, leakage of intraperitoneal fluid through the exit wound, mild
      infection of exit wounds, and, on removal of the sutures, pain despite sedation,
      cutting of viscera, and a residual cross-hatched scar. Nevertheless, we believe
      that use of the technic is amply justified by the prevention of abdominal wound
      disruption, ease in visualization of the wound, ease in providing equal
      distribution of wound tension and periodic adjustment of it, and in
      reapproximation of superficial tissues in the event of wound breakdown, as well
      as in the elimination of need for any external supportive device. The existence
      of a voluminous literature on the placing, making, and closing of abdominal
      incisions suggests that no single ideal method exists. Major disruption of
      abdominal wounds continues to be a serious problem, despite the infrequency of
      its occurrence. The use of through-and-through semirigid silver wire retention
      sutures with adjustable tension as a complement to the routine layered closure
      can prevent disruption of abdominal wounds while causing only minor
      complications.

PMID- 375399
TI  - Retrograde jejunogastric intussusception.
AB  - Jejunogastric intussusception is an infrequently reported complication of
      gastroenterostomy. Prognosis and treatment are functions of the anatomic type
      (Shackman's classification). Gastroscopy and sometimes roentgenograms are the
      major diagnostic tools. Surgical treatment is required in the acute types where
      incarceration or strangulation occurs, and in the chronic types when function or
      quality of life is impaired.

PMID- 375402
TI  - Immune function of the spleen.

PMID- 375401
TI  - Comparison of butorphanol and pentazocine as postoperative analgesics.
AB  - Sixty patients with moderate or severe postsurgical pain were randomly divided
      into three equal groups for a double-blind comparison of the analgesic
      effectiveness of intramuscular butorphanol (2 and 4 mg) and pentazocine (60 mg).
      The groups were demographically similar. Pain intensity and pain relief were
      scored at 10, 20, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes after administration of the
      drug. All treatments provided significant analgesic activity (P less than .05)
      within ten minutes. However, both doses of butorphanol reached their peak effect
      at 30 minutes, in contrast to 60 minutes for pentazocine. The duration of effect
      appeared somewhat longer for butorphanol, though this did not achieve statistical
      significance. Butorphanol (4 mg) had a significantly greater (P less than .05)
      analgesic effect at ten minutes than pentazocine (60 mg), and both butorphanol
      treatments (2 and 4 mg) were significantly better than pentazocine, according to
      many parameters at 20 and 30 minutes. Side effects, chiefly sleepiness and
      dizziness, were seen in 15% of the patients, with no significant difference
      between the treatment groups.

PMID- 375403
TI  - Notes on the history of leprosy in Louisiana.
AB  - In the late 1880s it became apparent in Louisiana that leprosy was endemic in the
      southern part of the state. Initially, the intention was to establish a leprosy
      hospital in the city of New Orleans, close to medical facilities, and where the
      bulk of the patients were to be found. The establishment, instead, of an isolated
      leper colony at the run-down plantation at Carville, 85 miles up-river, was the
      result of community indifference, misunderstanding of the nature of the disease,
      and expected depreciation of property values. Fear of the disease was a secondary
      matter. The practice of locating residential facilities for the chronically ill
      at long distances from the centers of physician practice and medical research
      continues to this day. Interestingly, the arguments that permit this to happen
      have not changed appreciably from those of a century ago.

PMID- 375404
TI  - Eponym: Henry Bence Jones: of sugars, stones, and suspicious proteins.

PMID- 375406
TI  - Occurrence of coliform bacteria other than Escherichia coli in foods.
AB  - An evaluation of the BGLB (44 degrees C) confirmation test for the enumeration of
      E. coli as an index of sanitary quality of some foods was made. Out of 70 samples
      tested, 43 (61.4%) samples contained E. coli. A total of 347 BGLB gas positive
      cultures obtained were subjected to the IMViC procedure. It was found that 42.7%
      of these BGLB gas positives were E. coli and 57.3% were ten other coliform
      bacteria giving the following IMViC patterns: 31.4% --++, 6.3% -+-+, 4.3% each of
      +-++ and -+++, 3.2% ++-+, 2.9% ++++, 2% ---+, 1.4% +++-, 1.2% --+- and 0.3% -++-.
      Some of the possible reasons for obtaining low recovery of E. coli in foods by
      the BGLB test have been discussed. The various fields to be investigated for the
      improvement of the test procedure and thus the elimination of false positives
      have been suggested.

PMID- 375405
TI  - Distribution and prevalence of cases of microfilaraemia in Indonesia.
AB  - Blood smear surveys were conducted in principal villages on the major islands of
      Indonesia to determine the microfilarial rates presently existing in the
      populations. A total of 163,454 persons were examined and 10.8 percent found
      positive for microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi or Brugia
      timori. The highest prevalence rates were found in Nusatenggara-Maluku-Irian Jaya
      (15.5%) followed by Sulawesi (13.7%) Kalimantan (10.8%) Sumatera (8.9%) and Jawa
      and Bali (1.7%). Many areas endemic for filariasis are used for the settlement of
      transmigrants from non-filarial endemic areas. Control program must therefore be
      implemented to prevent filarial infections in these new susceptible population
      groups.

PMID- 375407
TI  - Aetiologic agents of septic sore throat in Thai children.
AB  - A bacteriological study of children with respiratory infections in Bangkok during
      January to November 1976 revealed that 37% of the patients had symptoms and sign
      of bacterial pharyngotonsillitis. Twenty-six per cent of these children harboured
      Streptococcus pyogenes in their throats. The numbers of streptococci other than
      group A and Staphylococcus aureus were increased in the children with respiratory
      infections. However, Staph. aureus was found as the sole organism in children
      with exudate more often than in the children with only URI. The possible role of
      Staph. aureus in bacterial pharyngitis should not be ignored. Penicillin remains
      a drug of choice for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. If penicillin is
      contraindicated, erythromycin should be preferred over lincomycin as a second
      choice of drug in order to avoid treatment failure if lincomycin resistant
      streptococci are present.

PMID- 375408
TI  - Levamisole and mebendazole in the treatment of bancroftian infection.
AB  - Levamisole and mebendazole, broad spectrum anthelminthic compounds were tested
      against microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti, and the results were compared with
      similarly treated diethylcarbamazine and untreated group. Levamisole at a dosage
      of 3 mg/kg daily for 8 days showed marked reduction in both microfilaria rate and
      microfilaria density and immediately thereafter mf-rate steadily increased almost
      up to pre-treatment level, the mf-density however showed only marginal increase.
      Mebendazole at dosage of 6 mg/kg daily for 10 days following 8 days treatment of
      levamisole also showed marginal increase of mf-rate but no increase of mf
      density. Treatment with DEC at a dosage of 6 mg/kg daily for 12 days showed
      comparatively better results both in respect of reduction in mf-rate and mf
      density. The reactions - severity and duration were more among levamisole treated
      groups as compared to DEC treated group. Thus with the dosages tried, DEC could
      be considered as a better drug than levamisole and mebendazole. Both the latter
      compounds had no or very limited effect on the adult worms of W. bancrofti.

PMID- 375409
TI  - Malaria research in Thailand: publications of the U.S. Army Medical Component,
      AFRIMS.

PMID- 375410
TI  - [Status and prospects of public health development in the United Republic of
      Tanzania].

PMID- 375411
TI  - [Participation of the progressive intelligentsia of Bashkiria in the Russian
      Social Democratic Workers' Party groups of the Leninist Iskra orientation (on the
      60th anniversary of the formation of the Bashkir ASSR)].

PMID- 375412
TI  - [Medical history publications of the Military Medical Academy].

PMID- 375413
TI  - [Russian physicians in Kabardino-Balkaria in the 2d half of the 19th century].

PMID- 375414
TI  - [Protection of historical medical monuments in Lativa].

PMID- 375415
TI  - [L. Pasteur and the residents of Smolensk (Pasteur's correspondence)].

PMID- 375417
TI  - [Boris Dmitrievich Petrov].

PMID- 375416
TI  - [Henri Dunant].

PMID- 375418
TI  - [Ambulatory and hospitalintermittent intravenous chemotherapy of pulmonary
      tuberculosis in a rural district].

PMID- 375419
TI  - [Grigorii Antonovich Zakhar'in (on the 150th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 375420
TI  - [In memoriam Vladimir L'vovich Einis].

PMID- 375421
TI  - [Berotek treatment of bronchial asthma in combination with ischemic heart
      disease].

PMID- 375422
TI  - [Reticulosarcoma with massive dissemination in the skin].

PMID- 375423
TI  - [National concepts and beliefs about the character of mental disorders].

PMID- 375424
TI  - [Experimental orthotopic allotransplantation of the liver following long-term
      transplant preservation].

PMID- 375425
TI  - [Long-term survival (2.5 and 3.5 years) following experimental
      allotransplantation of the liver].

PMID- 375426
TI  - [The 55th anniversary of V. Balas, D.Sc., corresponding member of the
      Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences].

PMID- 375427
TI  - [Comments on the surgical technic in jejunoileal bypass for obesity].

PMID- 375429
TI  - [Immunomodulator in the study of rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 375428
TI  - [Cytoimmunological background of rheumatism (author's transl].

PMID- 375430
TI  - [Rehabilitation of rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 375431
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of feprazone in rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 375432
TI  - [A multicenter trial of sulindac in rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 375433
TI  - Gentamicin and penicillin in the treatment of severe respiratory infections.
AB  - A combination of penicillin and gentamicin has been used for severely ill
      patients in a respiratory intensive care ward. It has been shown that predictable
      mean blood levels of gentamicin can be obtained in these patients by relating the
      dose to surface area (60 mg/m2/8 h). When renal function was initially normal it
      did not deteriorate during the course of therapy (10 days); gentamicin assays are
      not essential for safe treatment. In patients with renal failure, increasing the
      interval between doses also resulted in satisfactory levels, but close monitoring
      of the serum creatinine level is considered necessary. No clinical difference
      could be detected when gentamicin was given by constant or intermittent infusion.

PMID- 375434
TI  - Desensitization of patients with bee sting allergy using pure bee venom.
AB  - Forty patients who had previously experienced severe systemic reactions after a
      bee sting were desensitized using pure bee venom. A modified 'Rush' regimen was
      employed whereby patients received two injections a week and reached maximal
      desensitization in 5 weeks. Eleven patients have subsequently been stung again
      and have developed no generalized reaction. Although this form of desensitization
      is considered to be highly effective in protecting sensitive patients, both
      generalized and local side-effects were frequent. Maintenance desensitizing
      injections are required every month for an indefinite period. It is concluded
      that desensitization with pure been venom should be undertaken only in highly
      selected sensitive patients, and should be performed under strict control.

PMID- 375435
TI  - Atenolol as primary therapy in previously untreated hypertensives and as an
      adjuvant to other therapy. A South African Multicentre Study.
AB  - A series of 50 previously untreated hypertensives (group A) were treated with
      atenolol 100 mg daily and matching placebo in a double-blind cross-over study. A
      series of 60 hypertensives who were poorly controlled on non-beta-adrenergic
      receptor blocking drugs, as evidenced by a diastolic blood pressure of between
      100 and 120 mmHg inclusive (group B), were treated in the same manner as group A
      except that they continued to take their previous non-beta-adrenergic receptor
      blocking drugs throughout the trial. The large majority of patients in both
      groups (95% and 72%) experienced a fall in blood pressure to satisfactory levels
      with no significant additional side-effects when compared with placebo treatment.

PMID- 375436
TI  - Healing of peptic ulcers on conventional antacid therapy with or without
      butriptyline.
AB  - A group of ulcer patients taking conventional doses of antacids were subjected to
      a double-blind randomized trial to examine the possible effect of butriptyline on
      ulcer healing. The study failed to show any advantage of butriptyline over
      placebo, but this may well have been due to the very success of antacid therapy.
      The healing rates of gastric and duodenal ulcers in patients on conventional
      antacid therapy were found to be comparable to those reported with many of the
      newer ulcer preparations. This study also showed that larger ulcers tend to take
      longer to heal than small ones.

PMID- 375438
TI  - In vitro survival of human pathogenic fungi in Hawaiian beach sand.
AB  - In vitro studies utilizing 4 pathogenic fungi, Trichosporon cutaneum, Candida
      albicans, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, all known from
      Hawaiian beaches, indicate that they survive in the fluctuating beach habitat
      where they can serve as potential sources of infection for significant periods of
      time. Survival was measured by testing the viability of propagules at intervals
      for 6 months. All species survived 6 months under 1 or more experimental
      conditions. Survival patterns showed both increases and decreases depending upon
      the given parameters designed to simulate various beach conditions. Propagules
      inoculated on hair and horn (keratinized inoculum) did not remain viable longer
      than propagules from pure culture suspensions (non-keratinized). Microbial
      antagonism was not a major factor in survival. All species survived at least 1
      month in non-sterile sand inoculated with keratinized propagules. This condition
      approximated the natural sand habitat. Alternate wetting and drying of sand
      caused an overall decrease in survival time except for M. gypseum (non
      keratinized inoculum) at 37 degrees C in sterile sand and T. mentagrophytes
      (keratinized inoculum) at 37 degrees C in non-sterile sand. Temperature was
      important: increasing temperature resulted in a general decrease in survival
      time; 45 degrees C was definitely inhibitory, with the exception of T. cutaneum
      which survived that level for 6 months (keratinized inoculum). Salinity did not
      influence survival.

PMID- 375437
TI  - In vitro survival of human pathogenic fungi in seawater.
AB  - The survival of propagules from 4 pathogenic fungi, Trichophyton mentagrophytes,
      Trichosporon cutaneum, Candida albicans, and Microsporum gypseum was studied in
      seawater subjected to different temperature (20--35 degrees C) and salinity (6-
      50%) levels in diurnal rhythm of 12 h cycles. Survival was measured by viability
      of propagules over a period of 52 weeks. All fungi, except T. cutaneum at 35
      degrees C survived the experimental conditions for 52 weeks. Temperature was the
      most influential factor. When temperature increased, M. gypseum responded with
      enhanced viability whereas survival for C. albicans and T. cutaneum was
      inhibited. At 35 degrees C, T. cutaneum was not viable after 6--7 weeks even
      though it survived the initial 5 weeks with less loss of viability than the other
      test organisms. No correlation was seen between salinity level and loss of
      viability. Diurnal light had an inhibitory effect on T. cutaneum and C. albicans
      survival under in vitro conditions approximating those of seawater in Hawaii. M.
      gypseum had the highest level of survival over 52 weeks under usual in situ
      conditions simulated in vitro, followed by T. mentagrophytes, T. cutaneum, and C.
      albicans. Survival for 52 weeks even when salinity and temperature levels exceed
      those of the natural habitat indicates that seawater which washes sand beaches
      can be an environmental niche for potentially pathogenic fungi.

PMID- 375439
TI  - A comparison of hyphal growth of Candida albicans in six liquid media.
AB  - Six liquid media were compared for their ability to promote hyphal growth of
      Candida albicans. The two clinical isolates used in this study reacted similarly.
      The proportion of hyphal growth and the time at which hyphal development reached
      a peak varied in the media tested. All media produced secondary growth
      characteristics of lateral budding after peak hyphal development. The Lee-Buckley
      Campbell (LBC) synthetic medium induced the highest proportion of filaments;
      which were also longer than in the other media tested.

PMID- 375440
TI  - Antifungal activity of transferrin.
AB  - Inhibitory effects of transferrin on fungal growth were successfully estimated by
      measuring fungal ATP content. By this method, it was demonstrated that both human
      and rabbit transferrin possessed the inhibitory effect in the absence of any
      other factor on yeast-like and filamentous fungi. However, rabbit stimulation
      factor enhanced the inhibitory effect. The inhibitory effect of transferrin was
      nonspecific and correlated with unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) of
      transferrin. Human transferrin was more inhibitory than rabbit transferrin.

PMID- 375442
TI  - Predicting infection in surgical patients.
AB  - To date, simple skin testing using recall antigens has proved to be the most
      accurate method of assessing preoperative risk for serious infectious
      complications. When used in conjunction with measures to control the
      microorganisms and the environment, evaluation of host defense mechanisms with
      skin testing can aid in reducing postoperative infectious morbidity and
      mortality.

PMID- 375441
TI  - The approach to the irradiated thyroid.

PMID- 375443
TI  - Effect of burn injury, mechanical trauma, and operation on immune defenses.

PMID- 375444
TI  - Recent advances in human cellular immunobiology.
AB  - Several recent advances in human cellular immunology will have increasing impact
      on surgical science. First, lymphocytes are composed of diverse subpopulations
      with different biological properties. Second, lymphocytes and phagocytes
      expressed distinctive cell surface markers that reflect the specialized function
      of each cell. Third, different subpopulations of lymphocytes probably have one or
      only a few specific functions rather than being multipotential. Despite the
      seemingly complex heterogeneity of the immune system, the component parts
      collaborate in a highly integrated fashion. The recent elucidation of suppressor
      cells and their interaction with effector cells, for example, is a major
      conceptual advance. Fourth, the technology of immunologic science has advanced
      significantly. More discriminating methods for detecting lymphocyte markers and
      the ability to physically separate and analyze lymphocyte subpopulations will
      permit increasingly more refined insights into normal and abnormal immune
      responses. A number of important advances at the molecular level involving the
      disciplines of immunogenetics and immunochemistry have also been described but
      are beyond the scope of this review. Much work remains, however, in correlating
      these in vitro observations in the laboratory with in viro activity in the
      patient. It is now evident that the outcome of an immune response (or lack of it)
      represents a net balance of different components in the immunologic network that
      determine the time course, intensity of response, and the actual mechanisms of
      antigen elimination. A better understanding of these component parts of a normal
      immune response, and their deviations in disease states, is essential for
      designing more sophisticated therapeutic manipulations of the immune system.
      Attempts at "immune manipulation" aimed at stimulating or depleting the entire
      system are no more likely to be successful or reproducible than are attempts to
      "manipulate" the entire endocrine system. More meaningful results will occur when
      one can deal with individual components of an immune response (such as
      suppression or killing) and can precisely monitor the consequences of altering
      them.

PMID- 375445
TI  - Principles of clinical immunosuppression.

PMID- 375446
TI  - Thymic transplantation for relief of immunodeficiency diseases.

PMID- 375447
TI  - Immunologic testing as a guide to cancer management.

PMID- 375448
TI  - Immunotherapy of solid tumor.

PMID- 375449
TI  - Reduced incidence of cerebral ischemia following rupture of intracranial
      aneurysms.
AB  - A randomized study was carried out to determine if the administration of
      reserpine and kanamycin to lower the concentration of vasoactive biogenic
      monoamines would reduce the incidence of cerebral vascular ischemic complications
      and death following the rupture of intracranial aneurysms. Twenty-six treated and
      twenty-eight control (untreated) patients were studied. In the preoperative
      period, eight control (untreated) patients developed symptomatic cerebral
      ischemia as opposed to one treated patient. There was no correlation between the
      preoperative clinical findings of ischemia and angiographic evidence of
      vasospasm. In the post-operative period four control and one treated patient
      developed symptomatic cerebral ischemia; vasospasm, as demonstrated by cerebral
      angiography, paralleled these findings.

PMID- 375451
TI  - Migration of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt into lateral ventricle of an adult.
AB  - Migration of an entire ventriculo-peritoneal shunt into the lateral ventricle of
      an adult patient with chronic hydrocephalus is presented. The possible causes are
      reviewed.

PMID- 375450
TI  - The arterial supply of the spinal cord.

PMID- 375452
TI  - [Present questions in the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis].

PMID- 375453
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of colibacterin in the treatment of patients with dysentery
      and its role in restoration of biocenosis].

PMID- 375455
TI  - Doctors in Texas politics: profiles in medical and political courage.

PMID- 375454
TI  - Bacteremia caused by Shigella flexneri.

PMID- 375456
TI  - [Malaria in Switzerland. Clinical diagnosis and management schedule for the
      practitioner (author's transl)].

PMID- 375457
TI  - [Double-blind study of difenoxin hydrochloride among travellers to tropical
      countries (author's transl)].

PMID- 375458
TI  - Combined vessel injuring action of adjuvant arthritis and cholesterol diet. (III.
      Action of Chinoin-123 on a new model of experimental atherosclerosis of rat).

PMID- 375460
TI  - Levamisole and surgery in bronchial carcinoma patients: increase in deaths from
      cardiorespiratory failure.
AB  - Life table analysis of early entry to this randomised blind trial of 318 patients
      has shown a significantly poorer survival for resected lung cancer patients
      treated with levamisole for three days before operation and three days a
      fortnight thereafter than for placebo-treated controls. This excess was largely
      due to deaths that had been attributed to operation or other causes (non-cancer
      deaths), most occurring in the six weeks after operation. In the 99 resected
      patients treated with levamisole there was a 15% excess of deaths in this
      category, compared with the placebo-treated controls. Extensive analysis excluded
      maldistribution of patients between the groups as a cause of this difference.
      Many more died in respiratory distress, mostly without clear cause, in the
      levamisole group. Antibody (lgG) reacting with myocardial sarcolemma or
      sarcoplasm was found in the only serum samples available for testing which were
      drawn from patients during the syndrome. The findings are in keeping with a
      primary effect on the heart, possibly involving an autoimmune mechanism. The
      effect has not been noted in other trials.

PMID- 375459
TI  - Anticoagulants in the treatment of small cell carcinoma of the bronchus.
AB  - The object of this study was to see if the addition of anticoagulants to a
      regimen of cytotoxic drugs would improve the prognosis in patients with small
      cell carcinoma of the bronchus. Twenty-four patients were randomly allocated to
      receive chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus anticoagulants. The median survival in
      the group receiving the anticoagulants was not improved.

PMID- 375462
TI  - The role of the telopeptide region of collagen in the platelet-collagen
      interaction.

PMID- 375463
TI  - Separation of human cells bearing HLA-DR antigens using a monoclonal antibody
      rosetting method.
AB  - A technique is described for enriching, from human blood, cells bearing HLA-DR
      antigens. The method depends on the use of monoclonal mouse antibody which reacts
      with HLA-DR structures. Cells to which this antibody has bound can be separated
      after rosetting with bovine erythrocytes coated with anti-mouse immunoglobulin.
      The cells thus enriched may be used for HLA-DR typing by standard cytotoxicity
      methods with allogeneic sera.

PMID- 375461
TI  - A comparative study of atropine methonitrate, salbutamol, and their combination
      in airways obstruction.
AB  - Dose-response relationships of the cholinergic antagonist, atropine methonitrate,
      and the beta-adrenergic agonist, salbutamol, were examined by cumulative dose
      techniques. A wet aerosol, 1.5 mg atropine methonitrate produced a maximum
      response. The response to 200 microgram of salbutamol from a pressurised aerosol
      was close to maximum. Secondly, the bronchodilator response of salbutamol
      microgram was compared with atropine methonitrate 2 mg and placebo in 18
      asthmatic patients in a randomised crossover study. In 11 of them the
      bronchodilator response of the combination of salbutamol and atropine
      methonitrate was evaluated. Atropine methonitrate produced a similar peak
      bronchodilator effect to salbutamol, but its effect was more prolonged, the
      response being significantly greater at four and six hours than with salbutamol.
      The combination of drugs produced a significantly greater and more lasting
      bronchodilatation than either of the drugs alone. Despite mild side effects,
      atropine methonitrate, either alone or in combination with an adrenergic drug,
      appears to have a place in the treatment of sever reversible airway obstruction
      not adequately controlled by conventional treatment.

PMID- 375464
TI  - Acidic glycosaminoglycans in human esophagus tissue.
AB  - The constitution of acidic glycosaminoglycans (AGAG) in the normal human esophagi
      which were obtained at autopsy from 13 female subjects, from 30 to 59 years old,
      was biochemically analyzed by the procedures such as resin chromatographic
      separation, electrophoretic characterization in 3 buffer systems and enzymic
      assay with chondroitinases and hyaluronidase. The main AGAG was hyaluronic acid
      which amounts to a half of total AGAG, followed by heparan sulfates and dermatan
      sulfate one fifth of total AGAG each, and small amounts of chondroitin-4- and -6
      sulfates and oversulfated chondroitin sulfate. Heparin was not detected. A
      possible role of the esophageal AGAG was discussed.

PMID- 375465
TI  - The sarcoplasmic calcium pump. A model of energy transduction in biological
      membranes.

PMID- 375466
TI  - Oxygenases and dioxygenases.

PMID- 375467
TI  - Vibratome sections of difficult tissues.
AB  - After 1 hours of aldehyde fixation, 4 to 20 hours of soaking in 2% BSA (bovine
      serum albumin) solution and another 17 hours in the same fixative, the vibratome
      will produce smooth, even sections from agar embedded guinea pig thyroid,
      skeletal muscle or larynx with the same ease as it will from soft, homogeneous
      tissues such as liver or spleen.

PMID- 375468
TI  - A method for orienting cryostat sections for three-dimensional reconstructions.
AB  - Tissue for cryostat sectioning is embedded together with reference tissue impaled
      on the needles of a specially constructed trident. To maintain spatial
      orientation, reference and experimental tissue are frozen in Tissue-Tek O. C. T.
      compound in the manner usual for enzyme histochemistry using a simply constructed
      carrier. The trident is removed by heating its handle, thus leaving holes in the
      reference tissue which in turn are used as reference points to orient successive
      sections with respect to each other.

PMID- 375469
TI  - Postembedding adjuvants in routine microtomy of paraffin-processed tissues.
AB  - Soaking the exposed face of routine paraffin-processed tissue blocks from human
      autopsies in solutions containing either 60% ethyl alcohol-glycerol 9:1; glycerol
      aniline 9:1; 5% aqueous phenol; 5% aqueous Photo-flo, or 10% aqueous ammonium
      hydroxide for 2--4 hours at 0--4 C resulted in greater ease of ribboning and
      overall improvement of slide quality in the majority of sections compared to the
      results with the same blocks soaked only in water at 0--4 C. The use of
      postembedding adjuvants, especially 10% aqueous ammonium hydroxide, presents a
      simple, convenient, inexpensive means of increasing section quality with routine
      as well as refractory paraffin-embedded tissue without sacrificing tissue
      adhesion, staining qualities or cellular detail.

PMID- 375470
TI  - Transmission and scanning electron microscope preparations of the same cell
      culture.
AB  - A technique has been developed which allows transmission electron microscopy and
      scanning electron microscopy to be performed on the same cell culture sample. The
      technique uses the Costar 3,393 Leighton Tube containing a plastic insert, which
      does not stick to epoxy, for transmission electron microscopy. A cut piece of the
      plastic insert can be critical point dried, sputter coated and viewed under high
      vacuum with the scanning electron microscope.

PMID- 375471
TI  - Oriented embedding of small objects in agar-paraffin, with reference marks for
      serial section reconstruction.

PMID- 375473
TI  - A cooling device for flow cytometric systems.

PMID- 375472
TI  - A modified method for clearing leaves.

PMID- 375475
TI  - [Immunofluorescent diagnosis of viral diseases of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 375474
TI  - [Effect of Fortral on pain sensitivity and local vascular reactivity (a clinical
      pharmacological study)].

PMID- 375476
TI  - [Brephoplasty of the margin of the piriform opening in congenital cleft lip].

PMID- 375478
TI  - [Late results of treating pulpitis in the deciduous teeth with the use of a
      paraformaldehyde paste].

PMID- 375477
TI  - [New antimicrobial preparations in the overall treatment of suppurative
      inflammatory processes in the maxillofacial area].

PMID- 375479
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. Isaak Mikhailovich Oksman].

PMID- 375480
TI  - [In memoriam Docent Isaak Abramovich Maisakhovich].

PMID- 375481
TI  - A sensitive solid phase enzymeimmunoassay for testosterone in plasma and saliva.
AB  - A sensitive, solid phase enzymeimmunoassay suitable for determining testosterone
      concentrations in samll aliquots of plasma (20 microliter) and saliva (200
      microliter) has been developed. A solid phase antiserum raised against a
      testosterone-11 alpha-hemisuccinate/bovine serum albumin conjugate was prepared
      by coupling to cyanogen bromide activated cellulose. The "enzyme label" was a
      covalently linked testosterone/horseradish peroxidase conjugate. The assay had a
      lower limit of sensitivity of 4pg/assay tube and satisfied accepted criteria of
      specificity and precision. Testosterone concentrations determined by enzyme
      immunoassay were in excellent agreement not only with a gas liquid
      chromatography/mass spectrometry procedure (r=0.96, n=12) but also with the
      radioimmunoassay in routine use (r=0.95, n=12). The EIA can therefore replace RIA
      in both the small clinical laboratory and high throughput service centres for
      determining plasma and salivary testosterone concentrations. In normal males
      salivary testosterone concentrations reflected circulating steroid levels and
      indicated the possibility of assaying saliva rather than plasma in clinical
      studies.

PMID- 375482
TI  - [Simultaneous detection of M, N, A and B antigens in blood stains by means of
      absorption-elution].

PMID- 375485
TI  - Treatment of vivax malaria with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and with pyrimethamine
      alone.
AB  - The effect of pyrimethamine and the combination of pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine
      (Fansidar) upon the termination of the acute attack of vivax malaria was studied
      in Thailand. Pyrimethamine was found to be ineffective, providing clearance of
      parasitaemia in only two of six patients by the end of seven days following
      treatment. The combination, administered in a two-tablet single dose (sulfadoxine
      1 gm, pyrimethamine 50 mg) eliminated parasitaemia in only six of ten patients
      within seven days. Three tablets (sulfadoxine 1 . 5 gm, pyrimethamine 75 mg)
      given to 11 patients, provided clearance of parasitaemia in all within seven
      days; however, mean parasite and fever clearance times in this group were
      prolonged at 90 and 50 hours respectively. Chloroquine remains the drug of choice
      for the termination of the acute attack of vivax malaria. Subsequent primaquine
      is necessary for the prevention of relapse.

PMID- 375484
TI  - Prophylaxis in retinal detachment surgery.

PMID- 375483
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the methods for determining mercury in biological
      objects (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 375486
TI  - Immunosuppression in bancroftian filariasis.
AB  - Immunological function in Filipino patients with bancroftian filariasis,
      manifested as either asymptomatic microfilaraemia or chronic obstructive disease,
      was compared with that found in healthy control subjects living in the same area.
      As a group, patients with filariasis had raised serum IgG levels, impairment of
      antibody responses to tetanus and typhoid vaccines, and suppression of delayed
      hypersensitivity skin reactions to heterologous antigens. This immunosuppression
      in filariasis may result from antigenic competition and may contribute to the
      development of secondary infections.

PMID- 375487
TI  - Serum immunoglobulin levels and malaria antibodies in Burkitt's lymphoma.
AB  - Data are presented to support a relationship between malaria infection and
      Burkitt's lymphoma in African children. IgG, IgM and IgA levels were measured in
      sera from Burkitt's lymphoma patients and from sex- and age-matched, nearest
      neighbour controls. All three classes of immunoglobulins were present in
      significantly lower amounts in the sera from Burkitt's lymphoma patients than in
      the sera from controls. The mechanism of this apparent B-cell suppression is not
      yet clear. Malaria-specific IgG and IgM antibody titres were determined in the
      indirect immunofluorescence test. No significant difference in the IgG malaria
      specific antibodies was detected between the two groups of sera. Malaria antibody
      levels measured using IgM specific conjugates were significantly lower in the
      sera from Burkitt's lymphoma patients in reactions with Plasmodium falciparum
      antigen. No significant difference was observed when P. malariae was used.
      Confirmation of this finding would serve as a positive link between Burkitt's
      lymphoma and P. falciparum infection.

PMID- 375488
TI  - Increased detection of leukocytotoxic antibodies by thermal discrimination and
      their influence on renal allograft survival.

PMID- 375489
TI  - Usefulness of the antibody-coated bacteria assay in the management of urinary
      tract infection in the renal transplant patient.

PMID- 375490
TI  - Lethal post-transplantation calcinosis.
AB  - The case studies of four patients with post-transplantation calcinosis are
      presented. Three of the four patients died of inanition and sepsis secondary to
      infection of extensive soft tissue ulcers and diffuse cutaneous vascular
      calcification with gangrene. The fourth patient survived following removal of all
      four parathyroid glands and autografting of approximately one-half of one gland.
      Common to the patients was secondary hyperparathyroidism, elevated mean serum
      calcium levels after transplantation, and radiographic evidence of small and
      medium vessel calcification. No other differences could be found between these
      patients and other patients with post-transplantation hyperparathyroidism without
      calcinosis. In the face of apparently minor complaints of lower extremity
      discomfort, elevated parathyroid hormone levels (PTH) and positive xerography may
      indicate subtotal parathyroidectomy regardless of the serum calcium level.

PMID- 375491
TI  - Pregnancy in renal transplant patients: a review.
AB  - A questionnaire survey and review of the literature show that pregnancy can be
      well tolerated in most women with renal transplants. Fifty-two per cent of the
      renal transplant recipients who became pregnant had full-term infants with no
      serious complications. With therapeutic abortions, excluded, 71% of the 308
      pregnancies permitted to continue resulted in full-term infants. Rejection
      episodes were occasionally a serious problem, occurring in 9% of the pregnancies.
      Mechanical interference with renal excretion or preventing vaginal delivery
      occurred in 5.6% of the cases. Hypertension and proteinuria, often existing prior
      to pregnancy, became frequently increased during pregnancy. Infections not
      associated with rejection were common but easily controlled in most cases.
      Prematurity was frequent but related to renal function and the time interval from
      transplant to conception. The most serious infant complications were related to
      prematurity. Unknown is the future of these infants and their progeny because of
      their intrauterine exposure to immunosuppressive drugs.

PMID- 375492
TI  - 100 second renal allografts from a single transplantation institution.
AB  - Between January 1, 1968 and March 1977, 100 of 131 patients who lost their first
      transplant at the University of Minnesota received a second renal allograft.
      Overall patient survival in the retransplanted group was 10% less than that in
      the dialysis group. The best results (graft function and patient survival were
      seen in young patients, nondiabetics, patients who received two sequential living
      related groups, and in those whose first graft was lost secondary to chronic
      rejection. The poorest results were seen in older patients (greater than 40
      years), diabetics, and patients with acute rejection during the initial graft.
      Shared donor antigens do not affect graft outcome. These findings, although not
      the product of a randomized prospective study, may be useful in advising patients
      of the relative risks of retransplantation or hemodialysis.

PMID- 375493
TI  - Do blood transfusions enhance the possibility of a compatible transplant?
AB  - Blood transfusions prior to first cadaver kidney transplants have a significant
      beneficial effect on graft survival and, in this sense, appear to enhance the
      possibility of a compatible transplant. This desirable effect, however, occurs
      concomitantly with an increased degree of sensitization, which in turn reduces
      the likelihood of identifying a compatible kidney by direct crossmatch testing.
      This report illustrates that the beneficial effect is achieved with one to five
      transfusions prior to transplantation, but that more transfusions afford no
      additional benefits. In addition, the presence of cytotoxic antibodies per se
      does not have an adverse influence on graft survival. Liberal transfusion
      policies are therefore indicated in cadaver transplant candidates, but more than
      five transfusions prior to transplantation should probably be avoided unless
      clinically necessary.

PMID- 375494
TI  - Prognosis after renal transplantation: cumulative influence of combined risk
      factors.
AB  - Seven hundred sixty-seven primary renal allografts from a single center were
      divided into subgroups according to combinations of several major risk factors:
      donor source and histocompatibility match, age, and presence or absence of
      diabetes. The relative effect of diabetes on patient and graft survival decreased
      as histocompatibility differences increased. The influence of recipient age,
      however, dramatically decreased as histocompatibility differences decreased. In
      all groups donor source and histocompatibility match had the strongest relative
      effect in determining subsequent 2-year patient and graft survival.

PMID- 375495
TI  - Rejection of C57BL/6 skin grafts by (C57BL/6 X Mus musculus castaneus)F1 hybrids.
AB  - Hybrid offspring from C57BL/6(B6) females mated to males of the subspecies Mus
      musculus castaneus received B6 skin grafts. No strong Y chromosome-linked
      histocompatibility genes were detected, although occasional rejection of parental
      grafts by both male and female hybrids was observed after long periods. Rejection
      was attributed to interaction of B6 and Castaneus-derived genes in the hybrids.

PMID- 375497
TI  - Transplantation of infected kidneys: clinical and experimental results.

PMID- 375496
TI  - Diversity of expression of H-2 antigens on mouse liver cells demonstrated by
      immunoferritin labeling.
AB  - Antigens of the mouse H-2 locus were studied on isolated liver cells by
      immunoferritin labeling. Cell suspensions were obtained by gentle homogenization
      of mouse livers that had been perfused with hypertonic sucrose to loosen cell
      junctions. Hepatocytes showed sparse labeling of H-2 antigens on the order of 1%
      of that present on peritoneal monocytes. The slight hepatocyte labeling appeared
      to be specific for the H-2 locus, since there was essentially no label on
      congenic control hepatocytes. Other cells in the liver cell preparations were
      more heavily labeled. Bile duct epithelial cells showed heavy labeling on their
      lateral surface membranes, but none on their apical brush borders. The
      preparations contained another nonparenchymal cell type that was densely labeled,
      but it was not positively identified. Spleen lymphocytes added to liver
      homogenates and carried through the cell isolation procedure with liver cells
      showed typically heavy ferritin labeling. These observations suggest that the
      expression of histocompatibility antigens by tissue cells is likely to be quite
      variable.

PMID- 375498
TI  - Prognosis of cadaver kidney grafts with a rejection episode occurring within 2
      weeks of transplantation.

PMID- 375499
TI  - Histofluorescence and fluorometric analysis of adrenergic reinnvervation in the
      dog kidney following autotransplantation.

PMID- 375501
TI  - Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity tests for immunosuppression
      monitoring of transplant patients.
AB  - The antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) effector activity and
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) response of kidney transplant patients were monitored by
      a new whole blood microassay that permitted performance of 20 tests using only 1
      ml of blood. Eleven patients were followed on as many as 55 different occasions
      with these tests. The ADCC activity of dialysis patients was essentially the same
      (78% chromium release as compared with 83% in normal controls). However, patients
      with kidney transplants undergoing immunosuppression had approximately one-half
      the chromium release (40%). Daily fluctuation in the chromium release could not
      be used as a predictor of subsequent rejection. The PHA response was as much as
      50-fold less in the immunosuppressed patients. Both values also tended to be
      slightly higher among patients who were doing well than those who were doing
      poorly. This may reflect the need for greater immunosuppression in the rejecting
      patients.

PMID- 375500
TI  - Possible involvement of the central nervous system in graft rejection.
AB  - Electrolytic lesions were produced in the tuberal hypothalamus and amygdala of
      male Fischer and female BNLF1 rats, and in male Fischer and female BNLF1 rats
      that had received antecedent hypophysectomies. Skin grafts from Lewis rats
      survived less well on tuberal-lesioned male Fischer rats than similar grafts on
      sham-operated and amygdala-lesioned male Fischer rats. Lewis skin graft survival
      was also curtailed in male Fischer rats that had received hypophysectomies
      followed by tuberal lesions. These differences were not apparent across the male
      to female (H-Y) BNLF1 histocompatibility barrier. We conclude: (1) that tuberal
      hypothalamic lesions stimulate allograft reactivity in rats, (2)that this
      response is greater when the immunogenetic disparity between donor and host is
      greater, and (3) that the mechanism governing this response involves a direct
      neural pathway which bypasses the hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis.

PMID- 375502
TI  - Influence of previous immunization on skin graft survival.
AB  - The results of skin grafts transplanted in immunized and nonimmunized recipients
      was analysed. Specific sensitization for HLA-A or B determinants shortens graft
      survival if the recipients were immunized by s.c. injections of leukocytes. When
      the recipients had been pregnant, no such influence of specific HLA-A or B
      sensitization could be demonstrated. The variance in mean survival times of
      grafts exchanged between mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC)-positive donor-recipient
      combinations was significantly smaller than the variance in mean survival time
      (MST) of grafts exchanged between MLC-negative combinations. This difference
      could be the result of the influence of allograft immune-activating determinants
      of different strength in the MLC-negative donor-recipient combinations. Also the
      variance in MST of grafts in immunized recipients was significantly larger than
      the variance in MST of grafts in nonimmunized recipients. Apart from the obvious
      effect of HLA-A and B sensitization, other less well documented factors must have
      influenced graft survival. We did not find evidence for a graft enhancing effect
      of B cell-specific antibodies.

PMID- 375505
TI  - Major arterial hemorrhage after renal transplantation.

PMID- 375504
TI  - Significance of migration stimulatory factor in human renal allotransplantation.
AB  - Seventy-four recipients of related donor renal allografts were tested for the
      presence of cellular immunity to specific donor lymphocyte antigens using the
      direct migration inhibition factor (MIF) assay. Responses on the assay fell into
      one of the following three statistically distinct groups: (1) greater than 20%
      inhibition of macrophage migration, (2) nonresponsiveness,  +/- 10% of control
      migration, and (3) greater than 12% stimulation of macrophage migration.
      Migration stimulation was shown to be reproducible and to correlate well with a
      very benign post-transplant clinical course. The production of migration
      stimulatory factor appears to be an immunological response analagous to the
      production of migration inhibition factor.

PMID- 375506
TI  - Failure to confirm the influence of splenectomy on the survival of H-Y
      incompatible skin grafts in mice.

PMID- 375503
TI  - Relationship of B cell alloantibodies to renal allograft survival.
AB  - To define the relationship of donor-specific B lymphocyte alloantibodies to renal
      allograft survival, longitudinal serum samples obtained pre- and post
      transplantation were examined for antibodies cytotoxic to donor B lymphocytes.
      Ten of 17 renal allograft recipients had antibodies to donor B lymphocytes but
      not T lymphocytes either pre- and/or post-transplantation. Three patients
      underwent successful transplants despite preformed B cell antibodies; however,
      seven who developed B cell antibodies only after transplantation are either
      undergoing chronic rejection (4) or have had severe rejection crisis (3). Seven
      patients with no B cell antibodies have functioning grafts. In all cases, B cell
      antibodies were detected before biochemical and clinical evidence of rejection.
      Similar findings were noted when sera of 38 renal transplant recipients were
      examined for B cell antibodies cytotoxic to an unrelated panel of B lymphocytes.
      These results demonstrate that the development of B cell alloantibodies after
      transplantation is often associated with rejection and that successful renal
      transplantation can be performed across a positive B cell crossmatch.

PMID- 375507
TI  - Matching for hla-dr antigens in renal transplantation.

PMID- 375508
TI  - [70th birthday of Prof. Albert Westphal].

PMID- 375509
TI  - [Further observations of the course of Plasmodium berghei infection in the
      mouse].
AB  - Invasion of immature and mature erythrocytes by merozoites of Plasmodium berghei
      seems to obey the following rules: Merozoites prefer unparasitized immature
      erythrocytes. Multiple infections of immature erythrocytes occur in conditions of
      high merozoite production and low concentration of unparasitized immature
      erythrocytes, when frequently repeated contacts between merozoites and
      unparasitized or freshly parasitized immature erythrocytes become increasingly
      probable. Mature erythrocytes are invaded when the relative density of
      unparasitized immature erythrocytes drops below 0.2--0.5%, in other words, when
      merozoites do not meet unparasitized immature erythrocytes in 200--500
      erythrocytes. Failure to invade mature erythrocytes is obviously not due to
      inability of the merozoites to penetrate the erythrocyte membranes.--Merozoites
      of Plasmodium vinckei, on the other hand, show random invasion of parasitized and
      unparasitized mature erythrocytes, leading to frequencies of unparasitized and
      singly or multiply parasitized erythrocytes approaching a Poisson distribution.-
      The Plasmodium berghei infection regularly leads to a lowered density of
      polychromatophilic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood. This depression of
      polychromatophilic erythrocytes uses to be of very different duration, form and
      intensity. The relative density of immature erythrocytes may show pronounced
      fluctuations in this phase. As has been seen in one animal, even monocytes and
      polymorphonuclear leucocytes may, alongside with the immature erythrocytes, for
      some time totally disappear from the peripheral blood. The depression of
      polychromatophilic erythrocytes evidently goes along with pronounced alterations
      of the erythropoesis in spleen and bone marrow. Leucocytes in the peripheral
      blood generally show rather uncharacteristic alterations of their concentration,
      they may form very high concentration peaks.

PMID- 375510
TI  - Lymphocyte changes in murine and human malaria.

PMID- 375511
TI  - Chemotherapy of echinococcosis with mebendazole: clinical observations of 7
      patients.
AB  - The effect of high dosage therapy with Mebendazole was studied in 5 patients with
      cystic echinococcosis and 2 patients with alveolar echinococcosis involving
      several organs. Follow-up studies at regular intervals from 7 to 20 months
      indicated an improvement of the pathological findings initially observed. This
      could clearly be demonstrated by the radiographic findings in cases with
      pulmonary involvement. The desintegration or dissolution of pulmonary cysts was
      observed within a few months after treatment with Mebendazole had begun. However,
      consolidation of previously emptied cysts occurred during the follow-up later.
      Allergic reactions were observed after commencement of drug therapy in two cases.
      These were probably due to spillage of antigenic material. The following
      treatment periods were tolerated well. No serious toxic side effects were
      observed in the other cases described here.

PMID- 375512
TI  - Studies on Dipetalonema viteae (Filarioidea) 3. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated
      destruction of microfilariae in vivo.
AB  - Antibody-dependent cell-mediated destruction of Dipetalonema viteae microfilariae
      could be demonstrated in the golden hamster using a micropore chamber technique.
      Microfilariae were eliminated within 24 hours in chambers of 3.0 and 5.0 microm
      pore size when implanted into amicrofilaremic hamsters (week 30 post infection).
      At peak microfilaremia (week 12 post infection), only some hamsters could
      efficiently destroy microfilariae. In chambers with 0.3 microm pore size,
      microfilariae survived for more than 3 weeks in all hamsters. In uninfected
      hamsters, microfilariae could only be eliminated if they had been preincubated
      with serum or its 19S fraction containing antibodies to the cuticle of
      microfilariae. The opsonizing activity of the serum was abolished by 2
      mercaptoethanol treatment. The composition of cells adhering to microfilariae was
      always significantly different from the composition of cells which migrated into
      a chamber. The adhesion patterns on individual microfilariae indicated that no
      single effector cell type was responsible for the destruction of microfilariae.
      The eosinophil was the predominant cell type but neutrophils, lymphocytes and
      monocytes also adhered to the microfilariae. Cellular adhesion led to the
      immobilization of microfilariae and subsequently to their disintegration within
      large cell clusters. During the final stages of destruction the contribution of
      the monocyte became more pronounced.

PMID- 375513
TI  - Notes on nematode larvae others than microfilariae found on filter membranes in
      blood surveys for bancroftian filariasis.
AB  - Among 741 people examined in a rural area in Liberia for microfilariae of
      Wuchereria bancrofti 39 (5,3%) were found to be infected with nematode larvae
      others than microfilariae. These larvae had more developed inner structures than
      microfilariae and could be classified into two different types, differing in
      length and shape. The larvae have not been identified yet, but it is believed
      that they have to be associated to parasitic nematodes of the intestine.

PMID- 375515
TI  - Studies on Bancroftian filariasis in Liberia, West Africa. I. Distribution and
      prevalence in the north-western savanna area.
AB  - A nightblood survey was carried out in 17 villages in the savanna area in Upper
      Lofa in Liberia. A total of 1968 people was examined for the prevalence of
      microfilariae of Wuchereia bancrofti and for clinical symptoms of filariasis. 279
      (14,2%) persons proved to be microfilaria carriers. Men were almost twice (19,0%)
      as much infected than women (10,4%). Only two cases of leg elephantiasis and one
      breast elephantiasis were found. Enlargements of scrotum were seen in 60 men
      (6,9%). The scrotal enlargement rate increased steadily with age.

PMID- 375514
TI  - Effect of polyamines on protein kinases activities from Trypanosoma cruzi.
AB  - An interaction of polyamines with protein kinases activities from T. cruzi
      epimastigotes is demonstrated. Spermine and spermidine and less pronounced
      putrescine are found to inhibit protein kinases activities. In the extract of T.
      cruzi three protein kinases are distinguished on account of molecular weight
      (greater than 200 000, 95 000 and 40 000) and preference for acceptor proteins
      (phosvitin and histones). Especially the activity of the high molecular weight
      protein kinase which phosphorylates phosvitin is strongly inhibited by spermine
      and spermidine. The type of inhibition by both polyamines is found to be non
      competitive with respect to ATP as well as phosvitin. The inhibition constants
      for spermine and spermidine are determined to be 1.4 mM and 2.0 nM, respectively.

PMID- 375516
TI  - Electron microscopical studies on onchocerciasis. II. Skin and microfilariae
      after treatment with metrifonate.
AB  - Skin snips of six patients with manifest onchocerciasis treated with a single
      dose of metrifonate (10 mg/kg) were examined by electron microscopy one, three,
      five and ten days after application of the drug. Compared to untreated cases 24
      hours after treatment there is a marked increase in the extend of perivascular
      infiltrates which are composed not only of macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma
      cells, but also of eosinophils. Infiltrates directly around dead microfilariae
      are seen infrequently. This pattern of cellular reaction remains constant for the
      first ten days after treatment. Metrifonate obviously kills the microfilariae
      rapidly, already 24 hours after its application totally disintegrated parasites
      are to be found. On the other hand always a few intact microfilariae are seen,
      possibly they just hatched after treatment.

PMID- 375518
TI  - Serodiagnosis of infection with Trypanosoma evansi in camels in the Sudan.
AB  - Five diagnostic tests for infection with Trypanosoma evansi have been compared in
      groups of camels experimentally infected or exposed to natural infection in the
      Sudan. The correlation of positive results obtained by assays of IgM levels, the
      mercuric chloride test and the formol gel test with the presence of active
      infection was unsatisfactory, but there was a good correlation between results
      obtained using IFAT and ELISA and proven infection. Sera from a high proportion
      of apparently uninfected camels from endemic areas gave positive reactions with
      all 5 tests, possibly indicating inadequate parasitological diagnosis or
      persistence of antibody after unsatisfactory chemotherapy. It was concluded that
      serological tests using trypanosomal antigens to detect antibodies were more
      sensitive for diagnosis than indirect tests based on raised euglobulin levels.
      Serodiagnostic tests may therefore have a place in future programmes for
      surveillance and control of T. evansi infections in camels.

PMID- 375519
TI  - [Deprakine. Sodium di-n-propylacetate, orfiril--a new antiepileptic agent].

PMID- 375517
TI  - [Effect of recipient age on the immunologic function of transplanted bone marrow
      and spleen cells in a long-term experiment].

PMID- 375521
TI  - [Evaluation of ultrasonics and electric stimulation in the treatment of sprained
      ankles. A controlled study].

PMID- 375520
TI  - [Streptococcus group B. A study of the occurrence of Group B streptococci in
      venereological and gynecological patients and in a control group].

PMID- 375522
TI  - [Bioavailability of 2 phenoxymethylpencillin preparations].

PMID- 375523
TI  - [Low dose heparin therapy. A study of the local effects of 5,000 international
      units of sodium heparin and calcium heparin].

PMID- 375525
TI  - Bibliography of diagnostic uses of ultrasound in medicine and biology from 1
      January 1971, No 14.

PMID- 375524
TI  - [Enuresis nocturna. A double-blind study with furosemide, imipramine and
      placebo].

PMID- 375526
TI  - Effects of prolonged luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone therapy on follicular
      maturation, ovulation and corpus luteum function in amenorrhoeic women with
      anorexia nervosa.
AB  - Nine amenorrhoeic women with anorexia nervosa (AN) were given long-term treatment
      with 500 microgram of synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) every
      8 h. All the women had impaired luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion and no
      evidence of endogenous oestrogen production. Three of them also had deficient
      follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. The pituitary reserve capacity for
      gonadotrophin secretion was normal but the response pattern to LRH was similar to
      that described in prepubertal girls. The constant administration of LRH
      normalized basal LH and FSH secretion and induced a cyclical gonadotrophin
      secretory pattern with differential changes of the LH and FSH responses to LRH
      during the treatment. LRH-induced gonadotrophin secretion produced follicular
      growth and maturation in all the women. Presumptive ovulation also occurred
      during the 8 treatment courses in which only LRH was administered. However,
      inadequate luteal phases were observed during 6 of these 8 cycles. Combined
      therapy with LRH and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) during 5 treatment
      courses resulted in normal ovulatory cycles with adequate corpus luteum function.

PMID- 375528
TI  - [First major work in the urology published in the 16th century].

PMID- 375527
TI  - Differential effect of cupric ions on the in vitro utilization of glucose by
      blastocysts and pancreatic islets.
AB  - To evaluate a possible interference of cupric ions on the trophoblast cell
      metabolism, glucose utilization was studied in mouse blastocysts delayed in utero
      and later activated by oestradiol for 18 h. Isolated pancreatic islets from
      guinea pigs were used for comparative purposes. The pancreatic islets were not
      affected when the copper concentration was 0.1 mmol/l whereas for the blastocysts
      a marked effect was found already at a concentration of 0.01 mmol/l. This
      indicates that copper concentrations even lower than that of the uterine
      secretion in presence of a Cu-IUD might affect different enzymes linked with the
      glucose metabolism of the trophoblast cells.

PMID- 375529
TI  - [Life and work of V.I. Zemblinov (1854-1918)].

PMID- 375530
TI  - [Mechanism of formation and diagnostic value of fibrin fibrinogen split products
      in kidney allotransplantation].

PMID- 375531
TI  - Lymphangiography and ultrasound in management of lymphoceles.
AB  - Recent reports describe the efficacy of ultrasound in the diagnosis and
      management of lymphoceles. To assess the appropriate role of ultrasound and
      lymphangiography in the management of this entity, we reviewed our experience
      with 14 cases diagnosed as lymphoceles. Three patients had lymphangiography
      alone, 5 had lymphangiography and ultrasound, and 6 had ultrasound alone. Our
      analysis concludes that both diagnostic modalities have a role in management
      depending on the size of the lymphocele and the associated clinical setting.

PMID- 375532
TI  - First planned nephrectomy for kidney stones.

PMID- 375533
TI  - Correction of renal transplant artery stenosis by transposing iliac arteries.
AB  - Transposition of the iliac arteries is a simple procedure which permits
      correction of renal transplant artery stenosis without use of a graft and with
      minimal ischemic risk for the transplant.

PMID- 375534
TI  - Infection and papillary necrosis. Scanning electron microscopic comparison with
      bladder infection.
AB  - A case of papillary necrosis in a diabetic patient with Escherichia coli urinary
      tract infection is reported. Infectious contribution to the disease is presented,
      and the electron microscopic similarities of bladder response to infection are
      discussed.

PMID- 375535
TI  - Full thickness skin graft urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures.
AB  - Thirty-two free full thickness skin graft urethroplasties were performed over a
      thirty-nine-month period. Follow-up of more than six months was available in 27
      patients. Results were good or fair in 26 patients (96 per cent). Only 1 patient
      has been classified as a failure and required reoperation.

PMID- 375536
TI  - Treatment of malakoplakia with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
AB  - A case is described of malakoplakia involving the urinary tract and
      retroperitoneum with recalcitrant infection due to Escherichia coli which was not
      responsive to seemingly appropriate antibiotics and surgery for drainage, but
      which subsequently responded to treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. It
      is speculated that this drug combination may be helpful because of the ability of
      trimethoprim to enhance the killing of viable undigested microorganisms inside
      malakoplakic macrophages.

PMID- 375537
TI  - Valveless water waste preventer.

PMID- 375538
TI  - Oulo-Kutun.

PMID- 375539
TI  - Phimosis hook.

PMID- 375540
TI  - Penile carcinoma in renal transplant recipient.
AB  - A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the penis occurring in a renal transplant
      recipient is presented. Despite a markedly increased incidence of epidermoid
      carcinoma in the transplant population, this is the first reported case of penile
      carcinoma occurring in a renal transplant recipient. As with other superficial
      epithelial tumors in this population, conventional therapeutic techniques are
      recommended. However, excisional biopsy is recommended for penile lesions at the
      time of initial presentation or if any clinical suspicion exists.

PMID- 375542
TI  - Head cooling coil.

PMID- 375541
TI  - Bilateral renal malakoplakia.
AB  - A case of malakoplakia is presented which was confined to the renal parenchyma of
      both kidneys in a thirty-five-year-old woman in whom fatal renal failure
      developed in three weeks. Bilateral renal malakoplakia is rare, and unlike
      malakoplakia of the bladder, it behaves as a progressive, destructive, and fatal
      disease.

PMID- 375543
TI  - Cryoscopy.

PMID- 375544
TI  - Urine testing apparatus.

PMID- 375546
TI  - [Peridural anesthesia during mitral commissurotomy on patients in the late stages
      of the disease].
AB  - Peridural anesthesia in T1--T6 regions was used together with general anesthesia
      in closed mitral commisurotomy in 40 patients with the disease in stages 4 and 5.
      The study was aimed at the evaluation of the effect of peridural anesthesia upon
      hemodynamics, gas exchange, adrenal cortex function, energy exchange in the
      myocardium and the evaluation of its expediency for these patients. The authors
      studied hemodynamic alterations (HR, AP, CVP, MV, CBV etc.), changes of acid-base
      equilibrium and in the blood gases, concentration of summary 11
      oxycorticosteroids in the blood plasma and of creatinophosphate in the myocardium
      left auricle. On the grounds of these studies the authors have come to some
      practically important conlusions.

PMID- 375547
TI  - [Preservation of the lungs for transplantation (a review of the literature and
      data from the authors' own observations)].

PMID- 375545
TI  - Reversible renal artery stenosis in renal transplantation.
AB  - Spontaneous regression of an arterial stenosis in a renal transplant recipient is
      documented. Implications of this observation and possible pathogenic mechanisms
      are discussed.

PMID- 375549
TI  - [Nikolai Vasil'evich Sklifosovskii].

PMID- 375548
TI  - [Vladimir Antomovich Gorash (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 375550
TI  - [Autoalloplasty method in deep defects in the femoral head].
AB  - A method of the replacement of the femoral head deep defects, resulting from the
      removal of pathologic foci, by means of combined auto-allografts, devised by the
      author, is described in the paper. This method allows for the transplantation of
      a bone autograft, filling up a greater portion of the defect, together with an
      osteocartillaginous allograft with a thin (up to 1 cm) spongy base.

PMID- 375552
TI  - [Perforations of the gastrointestinal tract by a fish bone].
AB  - A brief of the literature dealing with perforations of the gastrointestinal tract
      at its different levels with fish bones is set forth. In recent 20 years the
      author has managed to collect 68 observations published in the home literature. 6
      cases of the perforation of the duodenum, the small intestine, the ileum with
      injuries to the mesenteric vessels, resulting in massive bleeding, the caecum and
      the colon in the hepatic angle are presented. All the patients were operated
      upon. 2 patients died.

PMID- 375551
TI  - [Theoretical basis for and the results of using bone marrow-devoid spongy
      allografts in the surgery of tuberculous spondylitis in adults].
AB  - Experimental studies over 189 animals have proved that spongy allografts, devoid
      of the bone marrow, possess high plastic properties, get very soon replaced with
      a newly formed bone tissue and reconstruct. Experimental and clinical findings
      advocate, the rationality of their use of antero-lateral spondylodesis in
      tuberculous spondylitis.

PMID- 375553
TI  - [Organ-preserving procedure and blood retransfusion in children with splenic
      ruptures].
AB  - An analysis of anesthesiologic and surgical tactics in the treatment of children
      with spleen traumas proves the reliability and effectiveness of the blood
      retransfusion and of the principle of the organ-preserving interventions,
      according to the amount of the blood loss and the character of the spleen
      ruptures. In authors' opinion splenectomy is indicated in total crush of the
      spleen and the detachment of its vascular pedicle. There were no fatal outcomes.

PMID- 375554
TI  - [Role of forced detoxication for correcting microcirculatory disorders in
      suppurative, septic diseases in children].
AB  - The author has studied microcirculatory changes in pyo-septic diseases in 112
      children, 10 of them--healthy ones (control group). The use of an intense
      diuresis in complex treatment of severe forms of pyo-septic diseases in children
      results in a considerable decrease of the blood protheolytic activity and
      toxicity and allows to interrupt microcirculatory disorders 3 or 4 days earlier
      than the routine method of detoxication therapy.

PMID- 375555
TI  - [Surgical treatment of fractures of the olecranon].
AB  - 56 patients with olecranon displaced fractures have been studied. The diastasis
      exceeding 1 cm and the failure of the closed reposition served as indications for
      surgical interventions. The olecranon fixation was performed by means of silk and
      wire sutures (11 cases), with a screw (8), with a rod (4), with a compression
      fixative, devised by the author (33). The check of the late results in 54
      patients has shown the union of the fracture and good results in all the cases,
      but as to the terms of the functional and working capacity restoration--it was 2
      to 3 times shorter with the osteosynthesis with the compression fixative than
      with the suture or rod osteosynthesis.

PMID- 375556
TI  - Immunologic skin disorders in the dog and cat.

PMID- 375557
TI  - Immunity to bacterial infections.

PMID- 375558
TI  - Absence of bacterial adherence in the establishment of experimental mastitis in
      mice.
AB  - The possibility of adherence of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus
      epidermidis, Escherichia coli or Streptococcus agalactiae to the epithelium of
      the mammary gland was investigated by inoculating them into this gland of mice.
      S. aureus, S. epidermidis and E. coli did not adhere to alveolar epithelium in
      suckling or non-suckling mice. S. agalactiae adhered to alveolar epithelium in
      non-suckling mice but adhesion was not sufficiently strong to withstand suckling.
      Bacterial adherence probably does not play a significant role in the
      establishment of mastitis by these organisms.

PMID- 375559
TI  - Spina bifida in the dog.
AB  - Spina bifida was diagnosed in four English Bulldogs and one Collie dog. These
      cases and the examination of records from the Veterinary Medical Data Program
      suggested a high incidence of spina bifida in the English Bulldog. Urinary and
      fecal incontinence was the most common reason for initial examination for the
      five dogs. Radiographs and myelography confirmed the diagnosis of spina bifida.
      Blood, cerebrospinal fluid and urine analyses did not aid diagnosis but
      urocystitis was identified. In addition to spina bifida, clinical signs and
      morphologic changes in the spinal cords of all five dogs fulfilled the criteria
      for an additional diagnosis of spinal dysraphism. A common pathogenesis for the
      two conditions is suggested.

PMID- 375560
TI  - Laetrile bibliography.

PMID- 375561
TI  - 1979 ACVT membership directory.

PMID- 375562
TI  - Emergency management of acute phencyclidine ("PCP") intoxication.

PMID- 375563
TI  - [Initial experience with the Soviet preparation, biloptin, for oral
      cholecystocholangiography].

PMID- 375564
TI  - [Characteristics of the x-ray semeiotics of lymphoreticulosarcomas of the
      gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 375565
TI  - [Angiographic diagnosis of the rejection reaction of renal grafts].

PMID- 375567
TI  - [Their names are known].

PMID- 375566
TI  - [On the 80th birthday of Dr. Georgii Emmanuilovich Khaspekov, Honored Physician
      of the RSFSR].

PMID- 375568
TI  - [One's own height].

PMID- 375569
TI  - [In memory of an outstanding scientist].

PMID- 375570
TI  - [The work of K. I. Skriabin in Siberia and the Far East].

PMID- 375571
TI  - [His memory is alive].

PMID- 375572
TI  - [Erythrocyte diagnosticum].

PMID- 375574
TI  - [Histopathological studies of silworms (Bombyx mori Linn.) spontaneously infected
      with nuclear polyhedrosis].
AB  - Pathohistological changes in silkworms, spontaneously affected by nuclear
      polyhedry are investigated. The J-124 X C-122 hybrid after the fourth moulting is
      tested. After being subjected to a low temperature stress the silkworms were
      killed and material for pathohistological studies were taken from them. It is
      established that the most suitable tissues for the replication of the polyhedry
      virus of the silkworm were the cells of the fat bodies, the tracheal matrix and
      the hypoderm. Not all polyhedra form simultaneously. The virus as polyhedral
      bodies is detected in the infected tissues, cells respectively, on the 55th day
      (at the earliest) by the action of the low temperature stress. The
      histopathological investigation is recommended as a method for reliable and
      relatively early diagnoses.

PMID- 375573
TI  - [Cytopathic effect of the Newcastle disease virus on the BHK-21 cell line].
AB  - The cytopathic effect (CPE) of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in the BNK-21
      permenant cell line is studied in a series of experiments. The CPE is assessed as
      a percentage of hemadsorption and polykaryocytosis, and the dynamics of the viral
      replication is followed up with the aid of the immunofluorescent method. The
      effect of the cyclohexamide protein inhibitor of the replication of various NDV
      strains, on the CPE, respectively, is likewise studied. Five vellogenic, one
      mesogenic and one lentogenic strains are used in the experiments. It is found
      that through the immunofluorescent method the viral replication is delayed some
      three hrs in the case of the La Sota lentogenic strain in comparison with the
      other strains used. The direct relationship, already established, between the
      virulence of the NDV and the percentage of haemadsorption and polykaryocytosis is
      confirmed also in the BNC-21 heterologous cellular tissue. On the basis of this
      relationship, a rapid typing method of virulent from avirulent field NDV strains
      is suggested. The blocking effect of the cyclohexamide protein inhibitor on the
      CPE in NDV is demonstrated in the BNK-21 line, as a result of the blocking of the
      viral specific protein synthesis.

PMID- 375575
TI  - [Presence of E. coli bacteria in raw and pasteurized cow's milk].
AB  - Investigated for the presence of E. coli-bacteria belonging to the O-groups of
      dispeptic strains, are 85 samples of raw and 212 pasteurized milk, taken from
      subsequent departments of the milk-producing industry. Dispeptic E. coli are
      detected in 11.76 per cent of the samples of raw milk studied, and in 5.18 per
      cent in those of the pasteurized milk. No coli forms are established in samples,
      taken directly from the pasteurizing equipment. The secondary infection with E.
      coli results from the use of vessels and equipment in the course of the
      technological process. E. coli-bacteria, belonging to the O-groups of dispeptic
      strains, are demonstrated in samples both with the aid of a coli-titre, in
      conformity with standard requirements, and in samples that are not standard,
      according to this indice. The 21 strains of E. coli-bacteria isolated are
      referred to the following O-groups: 06, 025, 026, 055, 078, 086, 0111, 0119,
      0124, 0125 and 0127. Some of the strains isolated manifest an atypical behaviour
      to lactose and sucrose in comparison with the properties, indicated in the scheme
      by Kauffmann.

PMID- 375576
TI  - Identification of adenovirus type 12 candidate transformation proteins by
      radioimmunoprecipitation with antisera to EcoRI-C-fragment transformed cells.

PMID- 375577
TI  - An analysis of the Tro phenotype of bacteriophage lambda.

PMID- 375578
TI  - Penetration of the polysaccharide capsule of Escherichia coli (Bi161/42) by
      bacteriophage K29.

PMID- 375579
TI  - The regulation of integrative recombination by the b2 region and the cII gene of
      bacteriophage lambda.

PMID- 375580
TI  - DNA from two Orgyia pseudotsugata baculoviruses: molecular weight determination
      by means of electron microscopy and restriction endonuclease analysis.

PMID- 375581
TI  - Genetic study of a new early gene, comC-alpha, of bacteriophage T4.

PMID- 375582
TI  - Relationships among different strains of T7 and among T7-related bacteriophages.

PMID- 375583
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Antonin Mojzis, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 375584
TI  - [The 80th anniversary of Professor Frantisek Por].

PMID- 375585
TI  - [Remembering the anniversary of Jan Izak, M.D., a progressive physician and
      pioneer of socialism].

PMID- 375586
TI  - [Antineoplastic action of retinol and its derivatives (retinoids)].
AB  - Morphologic alterations in epithelium, caused by imcompetency of retinoids in a
      diet, were similar to those, obtained after treatment with chemical carcinogens.
      This suggests to use various derivatives of nature retinoids for treatment of
      epithelial tumors in skin and other tissues. Cultures of mouse prostatic gland
      and skin epithelium from metatarsus of chicken embryo were used for study of
      antitumoral activity of various synthetic retinoids. The most active preparations
      proved to be cyclopentenyl- and trimethyl methoxyphenyl ethyl ester derivatives
      of retinolic acid. The antitumoral effect of retinolic acid and its derivatives
      appears to involve a tight binding of the preparations with specific protein and
      inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase in tumor. The enzyme is well known to be
      related to synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein.

PMID- 375587
TI  - [Fibrogastroscopy in the diagnosis of gastritis in children].

PMID- 375590
TI  - [Life and death of the King Stanislaw Leszczynski].

PMID- 375588
TI  - Prolonged thoracic-duct drainage in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus
      erythematosus.

PMID- 375592
TI  - [Death of the last King of Poland, Stanislaw August Poniatowski].

PMID- 375589
TI  - Nonobstructive and obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathies.

PMID- 375591
TI  - [Various immunological phenomena in chronic mycotic infections].

PMID- 375593
TI  - [The use of blood components in the treatment of haemorrhage (author's transl)].

PMID- 375595
TI  - Ernest O Henschel, MD: 1921-1979.

PMID- 375594
TI  - [Assessment of the cardiac output by impedance cardiography (differential
      rheography) to give optimum continuous positive pressure ventilation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - It is very important to know the cardiac output in artificial positive pressure
      ventilation for the determination of the exact dosage of dopamine and the
      endexpiratory pressure. Invasive monitoring of the cardiac output is not suitable
      for routine bedside use. In our study we looked into the question of whether the
      dosage of dopamine in continuous positive pressure ventilation could be
      controlled by impedance determination. Differential rheography, as described by
      Kaindl, Polzer, and Schuhfried, was used in the study. Relative changes in
      cardiac output after dopamine administration are shown with sufficient accuracy
      using the above-mentioned method.

PMID- 375596
TI  - The past is prologue. A 50 year perspective of volume 1. The Yale Journal of
      Biology and Medicine, 1928--1929.

PMID- 375598
TI  - Comparative immunology in pediatrics revisited. (Being a contemporary analysis of
      the paper written on this subject by Dr. James D. Trask in 1928).

PMID- 375597
TI  - Comparative immunology in pediatrics (paper written by Dr. James D. Trask in
      1928).

PMID- 375600
TI  - [Detection of salmonellae in water. I. Laboratory studies].

PMID- 375599
TI  - [F' transfer from Escherichia coli to Proteus mirabilis].
AB  - The task of this work was the establishment of an effective transfer system for
      F'-plasmids from Escherichia coli to Proteus mirabilis. It is shown that cells of
      PG VI act as recipients in crosses with E. coli F' strains but with a low
      transfer rate of the plasmid. The presumption that a restriction -- modification
      system in P. mirabilis was the only reason for the low transfer could not be
      confirmed. An indirect selection method was developed to isolate P. mirabilis
      cells which are better recipients. Conjugation experiments showed that the
      isolated mutants had a better recipient capacity (increase of about 100). This is
      true not only for the transfer of a F'-plasmid but also for a R-plasmid. The
      stability of these plasmids in the mutant cells, however, was much lower than in
      the wild type.

PMID- 375601
TI  - [Comments on cerclage (author's transl)].
AB  - Cerclage was performed by us during the past 5 1/2 years in 71 women (0.68% of
      all births). In 23 women, cerclage was performed prophylactically and in 48 women
      as therapy of early maturing of the cervix. Cerclage was applied, mainly
      according to McDonald, between the 13th and 33rd weeks of pregnancy, maximum
      incidence of surgery occurring between the 17th and 27th week (63%). Cervical
      insufficiency is only temporarily removed by cerclage. After the suture has been
      removed, cervical dilatation should be variable. If this is not the case, the
      diagnosis of "cervical insufficiency" must be considered doubtful. This criterion
      was fulfilled in 83% of the therapeutic cases of cerclage compared with 43% in
      the prophylactic cases. Within 24 hours after removal of this suture, 39 patients
      (59%) had given birth. The prophylactically indicated cerclages often did not
      meet the criterion cervical dilatation uteri after removal of suture and rapid
      birth", whereas the majority of the therapeutic cerclages complied with the
      criterion. Our results are compared with those published in the literature.
      Despite the trend noticeable in literature towards a more liberal indication of
      cerclage, we will continue to perform this operation with discretion.

PMID- 375602
TI  - [The Zinsser-Cole-Engman syndrome. A contribution to congenital poikilodermias as
      well as a contribution to familial pancytopenias].
AB  - The Zinser-Cole-Engman-syndrome (Dyskeratosis congenita), which is characterized
      by the cardinal symptoms pigmentatio reticularis, onychodystrophia and
      leukoplakia oris, is discussed as a clinical entity, which is different from
      Fanconi's anemia and Braun-Falco-Marghescu-syndrome. A review of the literature
      is given.

PMID- 375603
TI  - [Results of modern syphilis serology in blood donors, at the same time a
      contribution to spontaneous healing of syphilis].
AB  - 261 out of 336 845 blood donors have been shown to had undergone a syphilitic
      infection. About 52 per cent of these donors have had knowledge of their
      infection and of specific treatment of the disease. In about 43 per cent of the
      investigated cases the T. pallidum infection has had probably an inapparent
      course and healed without treatment, that means spontaneously. In times with an
      increasing number of infections by T. pallidum blood banks have to look
      intensively for donors which are in the first stage of primary syphilis. For
      identification of these people and for the differentiation between antibodies
      against T. pallidum and apathogenic treponemes the use of a TPHA-ABS test is
      discussed.

PMID- 375604
TI  - [Immunopharmacology of levamisole].
AB  - Levamisole, a simple chemical, first introduced as a broad spectrum anthelmintic,
      is an immunotherapeutic agent with anti-anergic properties. It is the first
      member of a potential new class of immunologically active, probably thymomimetic
      compounds. The present knowledge from studies on isolated cells, experimental
      animals, healthy volunteers and patients with various diseases shows that
      levamisole behaves physiologically as a thymus hormone and restores to normal the
      functions of phagocytes and T-lymphocytes in compromised hosts and induces T-cell
      differentiation. The biochemical mechanism of action remains still unclear. The
      various mechanisms by which levamisole might act are not mutually exclusive.
      Levamisole is well tolerated in doses of 2,5 mg/kg. Side-effects are markedly
      more frequent in patients with rheumatoid arthritis than with other diseases. The
      only potentially fatal adverse reaction is agranulocytosis.

PMID- 375605
TI  - [Effect on lymphocyte and granulocyte function of levamisole in chronic
      mucocutaneous candidamycosis].
AB  - In 5 patients (3 children, 2 adults) suffering from familial or non-familial
      chronic muco-cutaneous Candidosis (CMCC) combined with cellular immune
      deficiencies of different extent, an immunostimulating therapy regimen with
      levamisole was performed over 6 months. Post-treatment clinical and immunological
      re-examinations offered a favourable effect on the cellular immune system in all
      patients. As to the general health condition, in the children all clinical
      symptoms of CMCC clearly improved or disappeared completely, whereas in both
      adult patients no satisfactory clinical effect of levamisole therapy could be
      observed so far.

PMID- 375606
TI  - [Levamisole therapy under different dermatological indications].
AB  - More than 180 patients were treated for immunostimulation with levamisole within
      three and a half years. The results were statistically evaluated in 128 subjects.
      A highly significant improvement was noted in 44 patients suffering from
      recurrent herpes simplex labialis, facialis and oralis. 14 patients with
      recurrent herpes genitalis, lumbalis and glutaealis only experienced a reduction
      of the recurrence frequency. Aphthae in 16 subjects became less frequent and pain
      was reduced. Levamisole should be tried in recalcitrant chronic candidoses and
      bacterial infections not responding to specific antibiotic treatment. Slight side
      effects are relatively frequent, but severe ones are only rarely observed.

PMID- 375607
TI  - [Traumatic injury to the heart. A clinical study (author's transl)].
AB  - Nonpenetrating chest injuries often lead to cardiac traumas. Posttraumatic
      coronary thrombosis with myocardial infarction is shown in two cases. Large
      anterior aneurysm occured after total occlusion of the descending anterior in
      both cases. There was no correlation between the severity of the chest injury and
      the ensuing cardiac damage. An intramural anterior infarction was seen in a third
      case; because of a normal coronary angiogram an intramyocardial bleeding without
      coronary thrombosis can be suspected. A direct connection between chest injury
      and myocardial infarction can only be assumed if there is an onset of symptoms
      within 24--48 hours after thoracic trauma. A coronary angiogram should be
      performed in any case of myocardial infarction following chest injury especially
      in medico-legal cases.

PMID- 375608
TI  - [Therapy of depressive states with hypericin].

PMID- 375609
TI  - [Importance of an effective antibiotic therapy of sinusitis].

PMID- 375610
TI  - [Repair, regeneration and metabolism of liver cells: a clinical report].

PMID- 375611
TI  - [Early diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors of the pharynx].

PMID- 375612
TI  - [Current data on antibiotic sensitivity of microflora causing
      otorhinolaryngologic diseases. 1. Antibiotic sensitivity of Staphylococci and
      Streptococci].

PMID- 375613
TI  - [Prof. Elena Andreevna Evdoshchenko (on her 60th birthday and 38th anniversary of
      medical, scientific and pedagogical activity)].

PMID- 375615
TI  - [Monostotic variant of infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey-Silverman)].

PMID- 375614
TI  - [Third system of regulating the bodily functions of humans and animals, the
      system of active points].

PMID- 375617
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. Friedrich Trendelenburg].

PMID- 375616
TI  - [En bloc transplantation of 2 pediatric kidneys].

PMID- 375619
TI  - [Microsurgery of peripheral nerves and vessels (author's transl)].

PMID- 375618
TI  - [100 years ago].

PMID- 375620
TI  - [Effect of indications and pre-existing conditions on the result of McDonald's
      cervix-closure surgery].
AB  - Authors have performed the McDonald cerclage operation on 172 gravidae because of
      cervical incompetence. From these pregnancies 80.2 per cent of the infants have
      survived over the sixth day. While with operations performed on the basis of
      extended indications for surgery an effect of 56.5 per cent was achieved, it was
      in cases of classical ones 92.8 per cent. Two complicated cases are reported
      caused by blastospores or bacteria respectively, isolated also in the vaginal
      secretion which have ascended into the uterine cavity. Both cases resulted in
      fetal death and in a septic condition of the mother. It is emphasized that the
      normal vaginal bioflora is essential condition for the cervical suture.

PMID- 375622
TI  - Fosfomycin therapy of experimental infections in mice.
AB  - Fosfomycin inhibits the development of severe pyogenic infection by
      Staphylococcus aureus in kidneys if administered during establishment of
      infection. It inhibits the development of lethal infection by Escherichia coli.
      It has a positive therapeutic effect on listeria infection in mice even with a
      fosfomycin resistant mutant.

PMID- 375621
TI  - [Surgical obstetrics in past and presence (author's transl)].
AB  - The history of surgical obstetrics is highlighted by discussing the historical
      development of forceps delivery, vacuum extraction, forceps vectis (application
      of a single blade only), embryotomy, and caesarean section operations. Finally
      present status of operative obstetrics is outlined from a modern point of view.

PMID- 375623
TI  - The lethal effect and the inhibition of colicin production by leucine on a
      phenylalanine requiring E. coli strain as a function of age and dilution of
      culture.
AB  - The lethal effect caused by leucine on a phenylalanine requiring strain of
      Escherichia coli K-12 (7), was found to be strongly affected by the age of the
      culture. Early log cells were the least sensitive, while older cells became more
      sensitive to leucine. Another important factor affecting the sensitivity of this
      strain to leucine in liquid medium was the range of dilution of the culture. The
      age sensitive culture reacted to leucine only when its dilution was at a certain
      specific range. The sensitivity to leucine of a culture treated at the "right"
      age and at the proper dilution was proportional to the concentration of leucine.
      Colicine production was studied with cultures treated in various ways using a
      colicinogenic derivative of the leucine sensitive strain. It was found that
      leucine in a rather high concentration (2 mg/ml) prevented colicine production
      when given in the absence of phenylalanine, while phenylalanine at a very low
      dose (0.2 microgram/ml) could reverse this inhibition. The effect of leucine on
      colicine production, like lethality, operated only under certain conditions of
      culture dilution, but unlike lethality, was not very sensitive to the age of the
      culture. Tryptophane was found to resemble leucine in its effects on viability
      and on colicine production in liquid medium. Its effect was likewise reversed by
      a small amount of phenylalanine, and like leucine, tryptophane acted best only
      under very specific conditions of culture dilution.

PMID- 375624
TI  - [Probability of resistance to 10 standard- and 7 recently introduced
      antimicrobics in multiresistant strains of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis
      and klebsiella spec (author's transl)].

PMID- 375625
TI  - [Multiple drug resistance in different medical institutions: frequency and
      resistance patterns in Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and klebsiella spec
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 375626
TI  - The effect of freezing of milk samples on the cultural results.

PMID- 375627
TI  - The evaluation of the o and k antigens as indicators of pathogenicity of e. coli
      strains isolated from swine colibacteriosis.

PMID- 375628
TI  - [Evaluation of the efficacy of carbadox as a growth stimulant by microbiological
      criteria].

PMID- 375629
TI  - [Conjugative R plasmids of enterobacteria].

PMID- 375630
TI  - [History of the development of plague prevention in the USSR].

PMID- 375631
TI  - [On the anniversary of G. V. Vygodchikov].

PMID- 375632
TI  - [On the 50th birthday of V. I. Pokrovskii].

PMID- 375633
TI  - [Role of the transfer factor in transplantation immunology].

PMID- 375634
TI  - [Effect of immunization on the radioresistance of mice to the action of 90Sr].
AB  - The preliminary immunization with heated Proteus vulgaris culture introduced in a
      single injection was found to have a positive influence on the resistance of
      white mice to radiation emitted by incorporated 90Sr. This effect was manifested
      by an increase in the survival rate and the mean survival time of the animals, as
      well as by their increased physical endurance, and the stimulation of recovery
      process in the spleen.

PMID- 375635
TI  - [Biological preparations in the overall therapy of children convalescing after
      dysentery].
AB  - In studying the state of microbial population in the intestine of children after
      dysentery dysbacteriosis was revealed in 72.7% of cases. Use of biological
      preparations normalizing microbial population in the intestine (colibacterin) in
      859 children reduced the incidence of protracted forms of the disease and of
      repeated excretion of the causative agent in comparison with the control group
      (785 children).

PMID- 375636
TI  - [Preparation of botulin anatoxin type D].

PMID- 375637
TI  - [Use of the passive hemagglutination inhibition reaction for the purpose of
      determining the antigenic activity of anatoxins in vitro].
AB  - The work deals with the study of the possibility of using the passive
      hemagglutination inhibition test (antibody neutralization) for the determination
      of the antigenic activity of botulinum toxoids, types A, B and E. Erythrocytic
      diagnostic preparations were shown to allow the determination of up to 0.1 g of
      antigen. At the same time in vitro determinations were found to satisfactorily
      correlate with the results of in vivo determinations of the antigenic activity of
      these toxoids in the antitoxin-fixation test.

PMID- 375638
TI  - [Method of determining the microbial flora of the small intestinal cavity and
      mucosa in different gastrointestinal tract diseases].
AB  - Intestinal microflora in patients with chronic enterocolitis and duodenal ulcer
      was studied. Both the cavity of the small intestine and the structures of its
      mucosa were investigated. The method of aspiration biopsy was used, the samples
      of multiple washings of the intestinal mucosa and its homogenate were used for
      seeding. The results thus obtained in indicated that the structures of the mucosa
      contained microorganisms similar to those isolated from the intestinal cavity,
      but in lesser amounts and with different characteristics. The proposed method of
      detecting the microflora in the intestinal cavity and mucosa is simple and can be
      used in clinical practice.

PMID- 375639
TI  - [Bacteriophagy and bacteriocinogeny of Yersinia enterocolitica].

PMID- 375640
TI  - [Pavel Ivanovich Kovalevskii--founder of the first Russian journal of
      psychiatry].

PMID- 375641
TI  - [Visceral manifestations of myasthenia (review of the literature)].

PMID- 375642
TI  - [Psychiatric diagnosis and the problem of diagnostics. II].

PMID- 375643
TI  - [Use of a computer to predict the development of vertebrogenic lumbosacral
      radiculitis].
AB  - On the basis of a linear discriminant analysis, a special system of automatized
      prognosis and early diagnosis of vertebrogenic lumbosacral radiculitis was
      elaborated with the aid of a computer. The system permits to elucidate among the
      population examined a group of individuals with high risk of the disease. The
      information file for computer processing included data of the studies on 24 risk
      factors in 350 patients and 450 individuals in the control group. The
      prognostical value of different risk-factors is discussed. The results of the
      system trial in industrial conditions are given.

PMID- 375644
TI  - [Therapeutically resistant depressive states].

PMID- 375645
TI  - [Dmitrii Evgen'evich Melekhov (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 375646
TI  - [Electrophysiologic indices in Wilson--Konovalov hepatocerebral dystrophy before
      and after stereotaxic surgery].

PMID- 375647
TI  - [Neurosurgical anatomy of Forel's field H as applied to campotomy].
AB  - Based on a study of 100 specimens of the brain of adult humans, data are
      presented on the variability of the shape and size of Forel's H field and its
      position in relation to intercerebral orienting points depending on the length of
      the intercommissural line and the breadth of the cerebral hemisphere and third
      ventricle. The stereotaxic coordinates, the shape and size of the foci of
      destruction for campotomy are given with due consideration for the individual
      anatomical features of the H field.

PMID- 375648
TI  - [In memory of Professor S. Obrador].

PMID- 375649
TI  - Aging and the cardiovascular system.
AB  - With advancing age blood pressure rises in most populations with the exception of
      some isolated tribes. In western countries 30 to 40% of the people above the age
      of 60 years have casual blood pressure levels greater than or equal to 160/95 mm
      Hg. Advancing age per se produces a number of physiological changes related to
      blood pressure, such as a decrease in cardiac output, an increase in peripheral
      vascular resistance and a decrease in plasma renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
      levels. The mechanism causing the elevation in pressure with age are unknown
      though increased rigidity of the great vessels contributes to the rise in
      systolic pressure. There is a decline in the sensitivity of the baroreceptor
      reflex, but the contribution of this to the elevation of pressure has not be
      elucidated. Elderly patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension have a low
      cardiac output and high peripheral vascular resistance. The rise in blood
      pressure is associated with an increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
      even in the elderly hypertensives. The available data on the efficacy of
      hypotensive treatment in the elderly is scanty. There are no data proving that
      hypotensive therapy prolongs life. Controlled studies on the prevention of organ
      damage especially cerebrovascular accidents are inconclusive, showing either a
      significant decrease or no effect. Isolated reports illustrate, however, that
      drastic blood pressure reduction can provoke serious side effects, thus
      decreasing the quality of life. Hypotensive treatment is indicated in elderly
      hypertensive patients with hypertensive retinopathy grade III or IV, congestive
      heart failure or cerebral haemorrhage, in elderly patients with a markedly
      elevated diastolic blood pressure (greater than or equal to 120 mm Hg) and a
      trial of hypotensive therapy should be offered in milder forms of hypertension
      when it is accompanied by certain specific symptoms such as angina, headache and
      dyspnoe. The management of elderly hypertensive patients is more difficult than
      in the young. General measures are often not well accepted. The dose adjustment
      of the hypotensive agent is more critical and volume depletion or orthostatic
      hypotension are more likely to occur.

PMID- 375650
TI  - [Haemostatic treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (excepting portal
      hypertension) with gastric perfusions. Results of a controlled study (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 375651
TI  - Heritability estimates from twin studies. I. Formulae of heritability estimates.
AB  - Over the past 50 years a large number of methods have been proposed for
      estimating heritability from twin studies. The present paper describes the most
      commonly cited of these estimates as a first step in evaluating their usefulness.
      A critical review will then follow.

PMID- 375653
TI  - Bibliography on prenatal and natal influences in twins.

PMID- 375652
TI  - Bronson Price: 1905-1978. In memoriam.

PMID- 375655
TI  - Diffusion chamber culture of blood cells.

PMID- 375654
TI  - Studies on iron transport in human intestine by immunoperoxidase technique. I.
      The localization of ferritin, lactoferrin and transferrin in human duodenal
      mucosa.

PMID- 375656
TI  - The effect of positive end expiratory pressure after three types of open heart
      surgery.
AB  - It has previously been shown that patients who have undergone mitral valve
      replacement (MVR) tolerate a positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 1.0 kPa
      better than patients who have had aortic valve replacement (AVR). the difference
      was explained by the fact that the mitral patients had pre-existing pulmonary
      vascular disease. In the present study the effect of PEEP up to 2.0 kPa is
      investigated in three types of operations: aortocoronary bypass graft (ACBG),
      mitral valve replacement, and aortic valve replacement; there were five patients
      in each group. We found that our mitral patients tolerated PEEP better than the
      two other groups, and that tolerance was not correlated to a higher pulmonary
      vascular resistance, but rather to a higher level of pulmonary capillary wedge
      pressure. The influence of PEEP varies in different types of patients and the
      effect is still difficult to predict.

PMID- 375657
TI  - Spontaneous breathing with continuous positive airway pressure in adult
      respiratory distress syndrome.
AB  - The authors describe three systems of spontaneous respiration with positive end
      expiratory pressure (P.E.E.P.) : the system of continuous positive airway
      pressure (C.P.A.P.), the bubble and the intermittent mandatory ventilation with
      C.P.A.P. (I.M.V.-C.P.A.P.) by Servo-Ventilator 900 B. The results are conclusive
      with the C.P.A.P. unit used for post-traumatic adult patients in acute
      respiratory distress and for patients who have been anesthetized for more than
      three hours. The PaO2 significantly increase in subjects whose PaO2 in the
      ambient air without P.E.E.P. is lower than 70 mm Hg. The bubble is less used due
      to its drawbacks. The Servo 900 B offers many possibilities, one of which is
      reported in this paper.

PMID- 375658
TI  - [A stereological study of the angioarchitecture of the cerebral cortex in
      rabbits].
AB  - An attempt is made to describe the vascular architecture of the cortex employing
      a stereological method. Brains perfused with india ink were sectioned in frontal,
      sagittal and tangential levels. The course of the vessels was described as a
      spatial vector from the center to the penetration point of the globe or radius 1.
      In order to present a two-dimensional image, we projected the penetration point
      together with the longitudinal and horizontal meridians of the globe in an
      orthograde fashion into the level of the image. The frontal and sagittal sections
      were projected in an equatorial image, the tangential level was projected to an
      axis. Direct observations and stereological imaging demonstrated that, in lamina
      4, there is a relatively constant hexagonal vascular net with branching angles of
      60 degrees at an edge length of 50--60 microns.

PMID- 375659
TI  - The cell masses in the diencephalon of Amphisbaena darwini heterozonata
      Burmeister (Amphisbaenia, Squamata, Reptilia).
AB  - The cell masses of the diencephalon of Amphisbaena darwini heterozonata are
      studied and confronted with those of other reptiles, specially with the burrowing
      ophidian Typhlopidae. The main differences are in the thalamus dorsalis. The
      amphisbaenids share with the Typhlopidae the absence of the lateral and pretectal
      geniculate bodies, and share with the squamate reptiles, differing from the
      typhlopids, the remaining structures of the dorsal thalamus, characterized by the
      well-developed nucleus rotundus. These features support the idea that the
      amphisbaenids could be situated within the Squamata at the same level as in
      Ophidia and Lacertilia. The adaptive processes toward a burrowing behavior have
      not been the same in amphisbaenids and in the typhlopids. The causes of the
      dissimilarities of the dorsal thalamus could be related to other sense and non
      sense systems apart from the optic. The morphology of the elements of the cell
      masses has been studied by the Golgi method.

PMID- 375660
TI  - [Morphology of peripheral lymphatic vessels--a review (author's transl)].

PMID- 375661
TI  - Replica study of plaque formation on human tooth surfaces.
AB  - Plaque formation on buccal tooth surfaces was studied by replica technique,
      consisting of impressions using low viscosity silicone impression materials and
      positive models produced in epoxy resins. Bacterial accumulation occurred near
      the cemento-enamel junction in 6-hr specimens, and subsequently expanded in a
      coronal direction. This development took place partly by extensions of single
      layers of bacteria, and partly by a pattern where the colonization was mostly
      restricted to vertical enamel cracks. Plaque accumulations were also frequently
      located in abrasion grooves and surface pits in the enamel, and prolific plaque
      areas were consistently surrounded by a monolayer of bacterial cells. Globular
      and hemispheric structures which occurred, especially on root surfaces
      immediately after cleaning, were probably artefacts caused by air bubbles or
      remaining moisture. In separate series of experiments it was demonstrated that
      improved reproduction of details from the plaque could be achieved by repeating
      the replicating procedure. The findings indicate that plaque formation starts by
      adsorption and proliferation of individual bacteria on tooth surfaces, and not by
      adsorption of aggregates of cells. Special attention should be directed against
      the problem of artefacts and moisture in replica studies of dental plaque.

PMID- 375662
TI  - Morphologic studies on dental plaque formation.
AB  - The present summary and the following papers (I--VII) are submitted in partial
      fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor Odontologiae at the
      University of Bergen. 1: Growth of dental plaque on hydroxyapatite splints. A
      method of studying early plaque morphology. J. Periodontal Res. 1974, 9, 135-
      146. II: Pellicle formation on hydroxyapatite splints attached to the human
      dentition: Morphologic confirmation of the concept of adsorption. Arch. Oral
      Biol. 1975, 20, 739-742. III: Scanning and transmission electron microscope study
      of pellicle morphogenesis. Scand. J. Dent. Res. 1977, 85, 217-231. IV: Early
      dental plaque morphogenesis. A scanning electron microscope study using the
      hydorxyapatite splint model and a low-sucrose diet. J. Periodontal Res. 1977, 12,
      73-89. V:  Ultrastructural study of early dental plaque formation. J. Periodontal
      Res. 1978, 13, 391-409. VI: Dental plaque morphology as revealed by direct
      observation and by replicating techniques. Acta Odontol. Scand. 1978, 36, 279-288
      Co-author: F. Gusberti. VII: Replica study of plaque formation on human tooth
      surfaces. Acta Odontol. Scand. 1979, 37, 65-72. Co-author: F. Gusberti. These
      papers are referred to as I-VII in the present summary. Other papers are referred
      to in conventional manner.

PMID- 375663
TI  - Oral mycoses and their treatment.
AB  - Mycoses of the mouth and nearby areas can be caused by both yeasts and
      filamentous fungi. They may appear either independently or as part of a systemic
      infection. It is typical of many mycoses that they occur as a consequence of
      local factors operating in the mouth, or in patients debilitated by severe
      diseases. Yeasts that are part of the normal microbial flora of man, among them
      especially Candida species, are the most frequent causative agents. Some tropical
      or semitropical infections may occur in Scandinavia and Finland, but they are
      rare. Local therapy with antimycotics is often effective in acute infections,
      whereas some chronic ones may make systemic administration necessary. Some of
      these infections are treated surgically.

PMID- 375665
TI  - The laminar organization of the prospective auditory cortex in the human fetus
      (11--13.5 weeks of gestation).
AB  - The prospective auditory cortex was analysed in human fetuses at 11--13,5 post
      ovulatory weeks with Nissl, Golgi and E.M. techniques. At 11--12 weeks, marginal,
      cortical plate, intermediate, subventricular and ventricular layers were
      recognized. Post-migratory neurons with developing dendrites were seen in
      marginal layer, cortical plate and superficial part of the intermediate zone
      only. At 12--13,5 weeks the superficial part of the intermediate zone is
      transformed into the true cortical layer--"subplate layer"--characterized by
      maturing neurons with growing dendrites, fine axonal arborization and low cell
      density. The neuronal circuitry elements are thus present very early in the
      prospective auditory cortex and distributed throughout the deep cortical plate of
      the "subplate layer" corresponding to the synaptic territory of other areas of
      the human fetal cortex.

PMID- 375664
TI  - [Periapical repair].

PMID- 375667
TI  - Neonatal septicemia and perinatal risk factors.
AB  - Many methods for screening and prediction of neonatal septicemia have been tried.
      In this study a score, related to both perinatal risk factors and neonatal
      diseases, was tested upon healthy newborn infants, infants with septicemia and
      infants with other diseases. Statistical differences were found between infants
      with neonatal septicemia and infants with other neonatal diseases as well as
      normal newborns. It was also possible to find a relationship between certain
      predisposing factors and predominance of certain pathogens. Complications during
      pregnancy and delivery were most often found in the group B streptococcal,
      combinations of invasive procedures and neonatal diseases in the staphylococcal
      group and surgical procedures in the gram-negative group.

PMID- 375666
TI  - Cochlear hearing loss and viral infection.
AB  - A group of about 100 consecutive patients admitted to an otorhinolaryngological
      outpatient department for treatment of cranial nerve affections underwent
      detailed neurological, audiological and laboratory examinations. Of 34 patients
      with hearing loss, objective signs of viral infection were found in 12. The
      hearing loss was sensorineural of the cochlear type, in 7 cases of the high
      frequency type, in 5 cases of the low-frequency (Meniere) type. Within one year
      after the onset of the disease the hearing loss had disappeared in all but 2
      cases. Reversible dysfunction of two or more cranial nerves was found in 7 of 8
      cases examined. In the cerebrospinal fluid the cell count and the total protein
      and gamma-globulin values were increased in most patients. Our findings indicate
      a reversible sensorineural hearing loss to be part of a viral-induced
      meningoencephalitis and cranial polyneuropathy. The mechanism of the reversible
      low- and high-frequency hearing loss is discussed.

PMID- 375668
TI  - Dosage of salicylates for children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. A
      prospective clinical trial with three different preparations of acetylsalicylic
      acid.
AB  - 41 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and 6 with postinfectious
      arthropathies, aged 3--15 years, were treated with acetylsalicylic acid for 14
      days during which time the patients were hospitalized. Three different
      acetylsalicylic acid preparations were used: a microencapsulated form, an enteric
      coated form and standard acetylsalicylic acid tablets. Serum salicylate
      concentrations were measured by Trinder's photometric method. With doses of 90-
      120 mg/kg/day symptoms of salicylism appeared in about 50% of the cases. Daily
      doses of 2 g/m2 (not exceeding 70 mg/kg) proved relatively safe in this study,
      whereas symptoms and signs of intoxication appeared at doses exceeding 3
      g/m2/day. In this respect there were no significant differences between the three
      acetylsalicylic acid preparations used. The results of this study also suggest
      that the serum salicylate concentrations should not exceed 2000 mumol/l (about 27
      mg/100 ml). The symptoms of salicylism correlated closely with serum salicylate
      levels, which, in turn, correlated well with the dosage in g/m2. Elevation of
      serum aspartate aminotransferase was noted in 1/3 of the cases. All of these had
      a dose exceeding 2 g/m2, and the frequency of elevated enzyme activities
      increased with increasing dosage. In the group receiving enteric coated form of
      acetylsalicylic acid, there were fewer positive benzidine tests (12%) than in the
      two other groups (22--28%).

PMID- 375669
TI  - Polycystic kidney disease of perinatal type.

PMID- 375670
TI  - Genetic transformation in Streptococcus sanguis. Spontaneous and induced
      competence of selected strains.
AB  - Nine strains of Streptococcus sanguis were examined for competence in genetic
      transformation with streptomycin resistance (str-r) as marker. Eight strains
      belonged to serogroup H and one to the newly-described serogroup W. Seven of the
      strains, one of which was the reference strain NCTC 7868 (strain Challis), were
      competent with str-r DNA from strain Challis. Strains NCTC 9124 (strain Wicky)
      and 480 were incompetent. The efficiency of transformation was examined in four
      different media. Use of Todd Hewitt broth gave frequencies of transformants as
      high as the more complex media. Addition of serum to the transformation media was
      not essential for the development of competence. The presence of a competence
      factor (CF) in the culture filtrate of strain Challis was confirmed. The factor
      transferred strain Wicky to competence with a great variation in the number of
      transformants and had no influence on strain 480. On the other hand, this
      spontaneously incompetent strain became competent after addition of culture
      filtrate from the competent strain 13b, in contrast to Wicky which now remained
      incompetent. Thus, it is suggested that several factors are involved in the
      induction of competence of S. sanguis.

PMID- 375671
TI  - Genetic transformation in Streptococcus sanguis. Distribution of competence and
      competence factors in a collection of strains.
AB  - Forty-one strains of Streptococcus sanguis (37 of serogroup H and four of the
      newly-described serogroup W) were examined semiquantitatively for genetic
      transformation with streptomycin as marker. The material comprised eight
      reference laboratory strains and 33 recent isolates. Eighteen strains (16 of
      serogroup H and two of W) showed spontaneous competence in genetic transformation
      (without added competence factor, i.e. culture filtrate.). Individual culture
      filtrates from 19 spontaneously competent and ten incompetent strains were tested
      for competence-inducing effect on 23 spontaneously incompetent strains.
      Competence was induced in 16 of the strains, and 20 of the culture filtrates were
      active. There was considerable variation with respect to the number of recipient
      strains which were induced to competence by individual filtrates. Furthermore the
      recipients varied as regards the number of filtrates that were able to induce
      that particular strain. There was some relationship, but no complete association,
      between competence, competence-inducing ability and the occurrence of spreading
      zones around the colonies assumed to correspond generally to fimbriation. Thus,
      three incompetent strains had an active culture filtrate and one spontaneously
      competent strain had an inactive filtrate. Most, but not all, strains with
      spontaneous or inducible competence showed spreading, as did most of the strains
      from which broadly inducing filtrates could be produced.

PMID- 375672
TI  - Studies on Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from swine and dogs.
AB  - Yersinia enterocolitica serotype 03 was isolated from the colon contents of 27
      (4.5%) of 599 bacon pigs on slaughter. Two (1.7%) out of 115 dogs were positive
      by culture for this human-athogenic serotype of Y. enterocolitica. A number of
      other serotypes of Y. enterocolitica were also obtained both from porcine and
      canine enteric contents (4b, 5a, 6, 7, 11, 12, 15, 17, 19, 26b, and non-typeable
      strains). All these serotypes are supposedly non-pathogenic for man and may
      possibly originate from the microflora of the environment. Haemolysis on bovine
      blood agar was observed for strains belonging to O-serotype 3.

PMID- 375673
TI  - Studies on the interaction between different O-serotypes of Yersinia
      enterocolitica and HeLa cells.
AB  - Eighty strains of Yersinia enterocolitica were examined for their ability to
      invade HeLa cells. The following O-serotypes were found to be invasive: 1, 3, 4a,
      4c, 5b, 8, 9, 15a, 18, 20, 21 and 22. Biochemically, these types are either
      indole-, aesculin-, and salicin-negative, or indole-positive but aesculin- and
      salicin-negative. Other serotypes of Y. enterocolitica did not invade HeLa cells.
      Biochemically, these non-invasive strains are indole-, aesculin- and salicin
      positive. Also the non-sucrose-fermenting strains of O-serotypes 11 and 12 were
      non-invasive. The interaction with HeLa cells was not restricted to viable
      bacteria, since also bacterial cells inactivated by formalin or ultraviolet light
      could gain entrance to the HeLa cells. Heating of the bacteria to 100 degrees C
      for 30 min. completely inhibited their invasiveness. Monolayer cultures of
      porcine kidney cells were also invaded by strains which invaded HeLa cells.

PMID- 375674
TI  - Influence of O and K antigens on the surface properties of Escherichia coli in
      relation to phagocytosis.
AB  - Strains of Escherichia coli with different O and K antigens were investigated
      with respect to physicochemical surface characteristics and liability to
      phagocytosis. Using two-phase partitioning analysis for the surface
      characterization, three main groups of strains emerged: Group I (O1:K1, O2:K1,
      O3:K2ab) showing both smooth hydrophilic O antigens and negatively-charged K
      antigen which rendered the strains maximally resistant to phagocytosis. Group II
      (O55:K59, O111:K58) showed no acidic K antigen but only smooth hydrophilic O
      antigen properties. However, these strains were as resistant to phagocytosis as
      the strains in group I. A third group (O14:K7, O24:K +) contained strains with
      rough, hydrophobic O antigen and negatively-charged K antigen. When the K antigen
      was removed by heat treatment these strains became more sensitive to
      phagocytosis. Certain other strains (O28:K-, O56:K + and O118:K-) did not fit
      into the three groups. These experiments show that the physicochemical surface
      effects and biological significance of the K antigen must be evaluated in
      relation to the properties conveyed by the corresponding O antigens.

PMID- 375675
TI  - Surface characteristics of Escherichia coli strains in relation to development of
      bacteraemia.
AB  - Three groups of E. coli bacteria isolated from blood, urine and faeces were
      analysed with respect to physicochemical surface properties in aqueous polymer
      two-phase systems. Eighty-eight per cent of the bacteria isolated from blood
      cultures showed affinity for the dextran-rich bottom phase, whereas 60% and 30%
      of the bacteria isolated from urine and faeces, respectively, collected to the
      same phase. Further two-phase analysis indicated that the bacteraemia strains
      exposed more negative surface than the other groups of bacteria, and that this
      charge was reduced after heat treatment (70 degrees C, 40 min). These results
      thus indicate that the strains causing bacteraemia possess similar surface
      properties, and may have been selected from the more heterogeneous group of
      bacteria found in urine and faeces. It is further conceivable to propose that
      bacteria found in the blood expose more heatsensitive, negatively-charged K
      antigen than the other groups of bacteria.

PMID- 375677
TI  - Uptake of non-opsonized E. coli by unstimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages.
AB  - A method is described for the study of phagocytosis of 32P-labelled, non
      opsonized, viable E. coli by mouse peritoneal macrophages. Factors influencing
      the uptake, such as medium, number of bacteria and time of phagocytosis, were
      standardized. The kinetics of the uptake were studied by visual counting of
      bacteria and by measuring the distribution of radioactive labelling. The uptake
      of 32P by the macrophages is well correlated to the number of bacteria
      phagocytized. The amount of phagocytosis depends on the bacterial density of the
      medium and the time of phagocytosis. When the medium contains more than 10(9)
      bacteria per ml, the maximum phagocytic capacity is reached after 90 minutes.

PMID- 375676
TI  - Human macrophage differentiation in vivo and in vitro. A comparison of human
      peritoneal macrophages and monocytes.
AB  - Human mononuclear phagocytes isolated from venous blood or sterile peritoneal
      exudate were cultured in an in vitro system known to induce differentiation of
      monocytes to macrophages. Morphological and functional studies were performed at
      different stages of in vitro differentiation, in order to compare the two
      macrophage populations. Freshly-isolated human peritoneal macrophages (PEC),
      which are presumed to represent monocytes which have differentiated in vivo in
      the peritoneal exudate for 1--2 days, showed several signs of increased effector
      cell function, as compared to the relatively immature blood monocytes. Cell
      adherence after phagocytosis, ability to degrade ingested 125I-labelled Candida
      albicans, and ability to suppress DNA-synthesis in a target cell line of human
      origin, were all found to be greater in the peritoneal cells in early culture.
      During in vitro differentiation in this system, both PEC and monocytes developed
      remarkable morphological and functional changes. Cell size and granule content
      increased considerably. Cell function, measured as phagocytic, digestive and
      cytostatic ability, increased for both macrophage populations. The differences
      between the two cell populations in early culture suggest that the functional and
      morphological changes induced by in vivo differentiation in peritoneal exudate
      involve changes of the same kind as those induced by in vitro differentiation in
      our system. The lodging of mononuclear phagocytes in sterile peritoneal exudate
      does not seem to impair the capacity for further differentiation to any great
      extent.

PMID- 375678
TI  - [In memoriam Istvan Novak].

PMID- 375679
TI  - [Lofepramine: a comparative clinical study with amitriptyline].
AB  - Lofepramine, a new tricycle antidepressant, is compared with amitriptyline in a
      double-blind study. A brief pharmacological description of the drug is made
      emphasizing its low toxicity and anticholinergic peripheral effects, high
      plasmatic concentration levels and good tolerance and elimination in comparison
      with some other known  tricycle antidepressants. Sixty depressive outpatients of
      a Mental Health Service in Lima, 5 male and 55 female, aging 16 to 65, 29
      endogenous and 31 neurotic were studied with both drugs in a equimolar dosage.
      Through the chi square test, no statistical significance was found in maximal
      therapeutic response, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores, type of
      depression, and side-effects xerostomy which is lesser with lofepramine. A
      discussion of these results is made and it is concluded that in the present study
      lofepramine compared with amitriptyline has a similar therapeutic effect. Though
      not statistically significant, lofepramine seems to be better for neurotic
      depression and patients sensitive to anticholinergic side-effects.

PMID- 375680
TI  - [Role of "classical" prostaglandins and prostacyclins in coronary circulation].

PMID- 375681
TI  - Determination of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha in rabbit kidney and urine and its
      relation to sodium balance.

PMID- 375682
TI  - [Indications for mianserin in relation to its absence of side-effects (author's
      transl)].
AB  - About twenty-five years ago thymoleptics made their first appearance which were
      soon followed by a great number of pharmacological agents that allied a mood
      elevating activity to an anxiolytic effect. Mianserin, a novel tetracyclic
      antidepressant, has an antidepressive effect similar to that of its predecessors
      but without causing the following side-effects : dry mouth, constipation,
      intestinal atony, tachycardia, cardiac rhythm disorders, accommodation
      difficulties, intra-ocular hypertension, dizziness, bladder atony and urinary
      retention. Consquently, its use is particularly indicated for the treatment of
      those patients who did not react to other antidepressants of those who stopped
      treatment on account of side-effects. Mianserin may also be used with those
      patients suffering from glaucoma, urinary or prostatic disorders and cardiac
      disorders even when the patient is recovering from a recent heart infarction.
      Furthermore it is recommended for aged people, for patients in a bad general
      condition and for those who were in a confusioned state during treatment with
      tricyclic antidepressants.

PMID- 375683
TI  - Cardiovascular tolerance of mianserin and interactions of mianserin with other
      drugs.
AB  - The presented data clearly show that mianserin, which is therapeutically equal to
      other antidepressants, is a drug with a new chemical structure, with a most
      probably different mechanism of action and with distinct advantages above
      comparative drugs. Mianserin has not only pronouncedly fewer anticholinergic and
      central side-effects but: a) apparently has no cardiotoxic effects neither on
      healthy subjects nor on depressive individuals nor on cardiac patients; b) doses
      not cause orthostatic hypotension; c) is devoid of adverse drug-drug interactions
      with coumarin-like anticoagulants, with sympathomimetic amines, with
      antihypertensive agents and shows but little and short lasting interactions with
      alcohol.

PMID- 375684
TI  - Mianserin plasma levels and differential clinical response in endogenous and
      reactive depression.
AB  - Fifty patients with moderate to severe primary depression were treated in equal
      groups of inpatients and outpatients with a constant dose of 60 mg. of mianserin
      daily for four weeks in a double blind placebo controlled trial with either a
      three times daily dosage regime or a single nightly dose. There was no difference
      in apparent compliance, side effects or therapeutic effect in either day-time or
      night-time dosage regimes. Patients developing high plasma levels of mianserin
      (greater than 70 microgram/l) were associated with a highly significantly poorer
      therapeutic outcome. Patients identified as endogenous depression demonstrated a
      significant negative correlation between plasma levels of mianserin and
      therapeutic response measured as an amelioration of either the Hamilton Rating
      Scale scores (r = --0.48) or on a new depression scale by Montgomery and Asberg
      (r = --0.51) with high levels associated with poor response. There was a
      significant correlation (r = 0.66) between mianserin plasma levels and age in
      endogenous depression. In those patients identified as suffering from reactive
      depression, no significant relationship could be seen between plasma levels and
      therapeutic response or with age. These findings support the view that the
      relationship between mianserin plasma levels and clinical response is more likely
      to be demonstrated in endogenous depression.

PMID- 375685
TI  - The antidepressant properties of mianserin and its effect on  sleep.
AB  - Patients diagnosed as suffering from manic-depressive psychosis-depressed (ICD
      296.2) were retained and randomly assigned to two groups, one receiving
      mianserin, the other placebo. For the pre-trial period and throughout the trial,
      patients' sleep was estimated by themselves and by nurses. Patients rated
      themselves on the Beck Self-Rating Inventory (BSRI) before the trial and at
      weekly intervals thereafter. Nurses rated the patients twice daily on a seven
      point global rating scale of depression. A blood sample for estimation of
      mianserin levels was taken on day 14. Eighteen patients received placebo and 21
      mianserin. On the BSRI, the mianserin group improved significantly, whereas the
      placebo group showed no change. The mean daily nurse ratings showed some
      improvement in the placebo group, but a greater improvement in the mianserin
      group, particularly towards the end of the 14 days. Sleep (nurses' observations)
      improved significantly in the mianserin group from the first night of the trial
      and over the following 2 weeks. Sleep as assessed by the patients also improved
      significantly on mianserin. Blood levels of mianserin did not correlate
      significantly with changes in mood or sleep. This study confirms that mianserin
      is an antidepressant. The mianserin group showed an improvement in sleep which,
      since it started from the first night of the trial, was probably due to the
      hypnotic sedative properties of the drug.

PMID- 375686
TI  - [A double-blind comparison between mianserin and imipramine (author's transl)].
AB  - Fifty-four depressed patients aged 18 to 65 years were treated for 4 weeks with a
      daily dose of either 60 mg mianserin or 150 mg imipramine in a double-blind
      controlled trial. The results which were measured on the Hamilton rating scale,
      on the Beck and on the Overall rating scale, on the brief psychiatric rating
      scale (BPRS) and on a global rating scale, did not show any significant
      difference relative to the antidepressive efficiency of both products. The
      frequency of side-effects however was significantly lower in the mianserin group
      than in the imipramine group.

PMID- 375687
TI  - [Double blind clinical study of mianserin and nortriptyline (author's transl)].
AB  - The present study was done in double blind during 6 weeks on 36 depressed
      patients having a minimal score of 15 on the Hamilton rating scale. Seventeen
      received mianserin and nineteen nortriptyline. A comparable therapeutic efficacy
      was observed for both drugs, without significant differences for the delay of
      action or the activity during 6 weeks. The number of side-effects was much more
      elevated for nortriptyline, and a significant difference was particularly
      observed for the frequency and severity of tachycardia, dry mouth and oedema.

PMID- 375688
TI  - [The place of mianserin among the antidepressants (author's transl)].
AB  - The originality of mianserin lies mainly in its chemical formula ; it is a
      tetracyclic piperazino-azepine compound. Moreover its pharmacological profile
      differs from that of other antidepressant drugs because it is devoid of central
      anticholinergic effects, it inhibits 5-hydroxytryptophane (the precursor of
      serotonine) and contrary to the tricyclics it does not affect the re-uptake of
      the amine-transmitters but increases the turnover of noradrenaline. It has been
      shown in a clinical trial that mianserin induces a hypomania in some manic
      depressed patients. Regarding the antidepressive effect, mianserin is superior to
      placebo and as effective as imipramine and amitriptyline. It simultaneously works
      on anxiety, psychomotoric retardation and suicidal tendency; sleep improves under
      mianserin's influence. The value of mianserin is proved by its safety in use. It
      has no cardiotoxic effect and does not interact with coumarin-type
      anticoagulants. Since there are no anticholinergic effects, mianserin can be
      given to patients suffering from glaucoma or prostatic hypertrophy. Finally it
      appears that mianserin lowers  the suicidal risk through its sedative properties.

PMID- 375689
TI  - [In memoriam Jaques Forestier].

PMID- 375691
TI  - Evaluation of the left ventricle by two-dimensional echocardiography.

PMID- 375690
TI  - Zinc supplementation in alcoholic cirrhosis. A double-blind clinical trial.
AB  - A double-blind clinical trial with zinc sulfate, 0.2 g three times daily, and a
      placebo was performed in 30 patients with biopsy-proven alcoholic liver
      cirrhosis. The disease was in a stable phase, and none of the patients showed
      evidence of a decompensated liver function. Parameters of liver function, taste
      acuity, dark adaptation and of zinc and vitamin A metabolism were followed for
      six weeks. In the zinc-treated group of 16 patients, serum zinc rose from a
      normal mean value of 13.3 to 17.4 mumol/l, whereas the mean serum vitamin A level
      remained practically unaltered within the normal range, 1.89 at the entry and
      1.83 mumol/l at the end of the study. Plasma prothrombin and serum alkaline
      phosphatase levels of the zinc group increased and serum bilirubin and serum
      carotene decreased significantly. The dark adaptation did not change, but the
      taste function was significantly improved during zinc treatment. The results
      indicate that zinc supplementation causes alleviation of certain abnormalities of
      cirrhotics, which deserves further attention.

PMID- 375693
TI  - [Screening method for isolation of microorganisms producing enzymes with a lytic
      effect on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida tropicalis].

PMID- 375692
TI  - Influence of pharmacologic intervention and valvular heart disease on left
      ventricular ejection phase indices: a review.
AB  - Echocardiography represents an established noninvasive technique to evaluate left
      ventricular (LV) performance. The LV ejection phase indices may be divided into
      three categories: (1) volume-dependent, (2) circumferential, and (3) wall
      thickening. Since the latter two are not volume dependent, they are clinically
      more useful in patients with dilated left ventricles. These parameters have
      limited clinical value in the presence of left-sided volume overload conditions
      (e g, mitral regurgitation and aortic regurgitation) since significant LV
      dysfunction may exist in the presence of normal ejection phase indices by echo.
      The echocardiogram is also a sensitive procedure to detect subtle alterations in
      LV function following acute or chronic interventions with various types of
      vasoactive and inotropic drugs.

PMID- 375694
TI  - [Comparative clinical study of nomifensine and amitriptyline in the treatment of
      endogenous depression].

PMID- 375695
TI  - [Psychiatriconeurological considerations in relation to the Creutzfeldt-Jacob
      syndrome (apropos of a case)].

PMID- 375696
TI  - [Multiple tooth extractions in view of prosthetic rehabilitation].

PMID- 375697
TI  - [The use of cast base plates in maxillofacial prosthesis].

PMID- 375698
TI  - [Persistance of active forms. Comparative study of prehistoric man's tools and
      some current dental instruments].

PMID- 375699
TI  - [Incidence of the 4th canal in the mesiobuccal root of the first upper permanent
      molar].

PMID- 375701
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Kohei Ohashi].

PMID- 375700
TI  - [Removable cushions of silicon for lower total prosthesis].

PMID- 375702
TI  - [Dento-maxillary disharmony caused by lack of space: disorders of maxillo-facial
      growth and diseases of civilization (I)].

PMID- 375703
TI  - Bone metastases of thyroid cancer biological behaviour and therapeutic
      possibilities.

PMID- 375704
TI  - Cultural and biochemical characteristics of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis
      isolated from goats in Norway.

PMID- 375705
TI  - Exercise, meditation and anxiety reduction: a review.

PMID- 375706
TI  - In memoriam Bernard H. Weber, C.C.T.

PMID- 375708
TI  - On Beethoven's deafness.

PMID- 375707
TI  - Office analysis of bacteriuria.
AB  - Several techniques for determining significant bacteriuria are convenient,
      accurate, inexpensive and applicable for office use. The nitrite test, the
      dehydrated culture media technique, the dip-slide method and the agar tube method
      are all applicable for screening at-risk populations and for treatment follow-up.
      In addition, the accuracy, subculturing capabilities and potential for
      presumptive bacterial diagnosis of the dip-slide and agar tube methods qualify
      them as excellent office culturing systems.

PMID- 375709
TI  - Childhood autism, its process, as seen in a Victorian fairy tale.

PMID- 375710
TI  - Anticoagulation in myocardial infarction: modern approach to an old problem.
AB  - The role of routine anticogulation in acute myocardial infarction continues to be
      a source of controversy. There is currently strong evidence to suggest that
      conventional anticoagulation will prevent the formation of most deep vein thrombi
      and subsequent pulmonary embolization. Anticoagulant agents also appear to reduce
      the incidence of emboli from cardiac mural thrombi to peripheral arteries.
      Patients without a predisposition to bleeding are unlikely to have hemorrhagic
      complications in the hospital after usual doses of anticoagulant drugs. In
      patients with severe hypertension, prior gastrointestinal bleeding, carcinoma or
      advanced age, small dose heparin therapy appears to reduce the incidence of
      venous thrombosis and probably of pulmonary emboli as well. Its value in
      preventing peripheral arterial embolization has not been defined. Anticoagulation
      with standard "large" doses is an effective means of preventing the risks of
      pulmonary and peripheral emboli during the in-patient phase of acute myocardial
      infarction. Small dose heparin therapy provides an excellent alternative to
      conventional anticoagulation when there is more than a negligible risk of
      hemorrhage. There is little evidence at this time to support the use of long-term
      anticoagulation beyond the acute phase of myocardial infarction.

PMID- 375711
TI  - New developments in the detection and prevention of venous thromboembolism.

PMID- 375712
TI  - Effects of early marginal methionine-choline deprivation on the development of
      the immune system in the rat.

PMID- 375714
TI  - Alcohol, malnutrition, and alcoholic cirrhosis.
AB  - The relative importance of malnutrition and alcohol toxicity in the pathogenesis
      of cirrhosis has been controversial. In epidemiological studies the incidence of
      cirrhosis can be correlated with the duration and amount of alcohol imbibed. The
      importance of nutrition has been discounted. In these studies few analyses of
      dietary intake were included. Diets of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis
      characteristically are poor. Furthermore, alcohol toxicity impairs nutrition by
      interfering with absorption, transport, and utilization of essential nutrients.
      Patients with cirrhosis respond favorably to nutritious diets despite the
      concurrent intake of alcohol, although in lesser amount than their usual intakes.
      In long-term studies highly nutritious diets have protected rats against
      cirrhosis from alcohol. However, in acute experiments with "loading" doses there
      was evidence of direct hepatotoxicity in animals and man. Recently, cirrhosis has
      been produced in baboons with alcohol and a diet considered adequate. The
      findings are important, but there is some question whether dietary factors
      (imbalance) may have played a role. Also of recent interest has been the
      occurrence of lesions simulating alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis after
      jejunoileal bypass surgery. The evidence suggests that malnutrition may have been
      a major factor in this disease. The roles of alcohol toxicity and of malnutrition
      in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis are not fully understood. Further studies are
      needed to clarify these relationships.

PMID- 375713
TI  - Observations on the composition of milk-substitute products for treatment of
      inborn errors of amino acid metabolism. Comparisons with human milk. A proposal
      to rationalize nutrient content of treatment products.
AB  - We tabulated and compared the stated compositions of four milk-substitute
      products, now in wide use for the treatment of various inborn errors of amino
      acid metabolism, and the known composition of human milk. Variations between the
      treatment products is great not only in the content of amino acids but also in
      minerals and vitamins, for example. Different source materials and rationales for
      their manufacture appear to explain these differences. All four products deviate
      in many ways from the composition of human milk. Although the existing treatment
      products are quite effective clinically, we propose that a more rational approach
      to the feeding of young infants whose nutrition is compromised by inborn errors
      of metabolism would begin with a synthetic product based on the composition of
      human milk that could be modified specifically to fit the needs and tolerance of
      the individual patient.

PMID- 375715
TI  - Current concepts of platelet structure.
AB  - The involvement of blood platelets in hemostasis, hemorrhagic disorders, and
      thrombotic disease is well known. In more recent years it has been appreciated
      that platelets also participate in host defense against infection,
      transplantation rejection, would healing, and the pathogenesis of
      atherosclerosis. As a result, it became essential to develop knowledge of basic
      relationships between platelet structure, biochemistry, and function in order to
      define the mechanisms involved in normal hemostatic activity and pathologic
      behavior. The specialized approach to identify these associations has been termed
      platelet structural physiology and pathology. This H. P. Smith lecture summarizes
      relationships between platelet structure, biochemistry, and hemostatic activity
      and presents some of the new concepts which have resulted from the
      multidisciplinary approach.

PMID- 375716
TI  - Infant botulism in 1931. Discovery of a misclassified case.

PMID- 375717
TI  - Diagnosis and management of infant botulism.

PMID- 375718
TI  - Familial idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis.
AB  - Two brothers, aged 3 and 6 years, respectively, had their pulmonary conditions
      diagnosed as idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH). Both boys had severe iron
      deficiency anemia, chronic cough, hemoptysis, and exertional dyspnea, and one had
      recurrent epistaxis. The results of light microscopic lung histopathologic
      studies in both patients showed numerous hemosiderinladen macrophages and chronic
      interstitial pneumonitis. No specific patterns of immunofluorescence of the
      alveolar capillary basement membranes were found. The results of electron
      microscopic examinations showed intact alveolar and capillary basement membranes
      and no evidence of electron-dense deposits. The lack of clinical or biochemical
      evidence for renal disease as well as the absence of serum antinuclear and
      antibasement membrane antibodies excluded associated autoimmune disorders.
      Evaluation for milk-protein allergy was negative and neither child demonstrated a
      clinical response to a milk-free diet. Sequential pulmonary function studies
      performed over four years showed episodes of acute obstructive airway disease
      that correlated with pulmonary hemorrhage and mild persistent restrictive lung
      disease. The results of this family study suggested that some cases of IPH may
      have a genetic basis.

PMID- 375719
TI  - Bacterial etiology and mortality of purulent pericarditis in pediatric patients.
      Review of 162 cases.

PMID- 375720
TI  - Gram-negative bacillary sepsis associated with use of lipid emulsion in
      parenteral nutrition.

PMID- 375721
TI  - Management of patients with polypoid lesions of the colon--current concepts and
      controversies.

PMID- 375722
TI  - Sample-size estimation: a sensitivity analysis in the context of a clinical trial
      for treatment of mild hypertension.
AB  - The effectiveness of treatment for mild hypertension (diastolic pressures of 85
      to 105 mm Hg) has not been conclusively demonstrated. Both the costs of a
      carefully designed clinical trial and the likelihood that it will produce
      definitive answers will depend importantly on the sample size. This paper
      presents sample-size estimates under a variety of assumptions regarding the
      characteristics of the population to be studied, the degree of blood pressure
      control to be achieved, and the health benefits to be expected. Under a central
      set of assumptions, the estimated sample size per group is 22,700 with death as
      an endpoint and 14,000 with morbid events (CHD and stroke) as endpoints. As
      individual assumptions are varied one at a time, required sample sizes range from
      10,900 to 101,100 and from 6,800 to 63,100 for the respective endpoints. Results
      are most sensitive to the degree of blood pressure control actually achieved to
      the expected health benefits from blood pressure control. They are also highly
      sensitive to the sex composition of the population and to expected dropout rates.
      The choice of sample size will depend on the decision maker's assessment of the
      likelihood that each assumption will be fulfilled and on the degree of
      willingness to risk an inconclusive study result. By making explicit the effect
      of variation in each assumption, decision making is rendered more susceptible to
      critical examination by outside reviewers.

PMID- 375723
TI  - Etiology of gastroenteritis among Americans living in the Philippines.
AB  - Between December 1975 and June 1976, American military personnel with diarrhea
      who were seen at an outpatient clinic at Clark Air Force Base Hospital were
      investigated to determine the etiology of their disease. Enterotoxigenic
      Escherichia coli were detected in 16% (18/115), rotavirus in 4% (4/111),
      salmonellae in 3% (3/115), shigellae in 2% (2/115) and Giardia lamblia in 2%
      (3/152) of patients with diarrhea. Thus from only 27% of the subjects studied
      were identifiable potential pathogenic agents found. The incidence of
      gastroenteritis increased in May and June with the increase in rainfall; however,
      there was no increase in the proportion of diarrhea caused by any of these
      identifiable enteric pathogens. Americans experienced a seasonal increase of
      diarrhea similar to that affecting the Philippine population in Manila.
      Enterotoxigenic E. coli was the most common identifiable enteric pathogen among
      Americans with diarrhea at Clark Air Force Base in the Philippines during the
      study, though even in these cases, it may not have been the agent responsible for
      their illness.

PMID- 375724
TI  - Nonpharmacologic therapy for hypertension.

PMID- 375725
TI  - Lipid metabolism in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 375726
TI  - Mild chronic watery diarrhea-hypokalemia syndrome associated with pancreatic
      islet cell hyperplasia. Elevated plasma and tissue levels of gastric inhibitory
      polypeptide and successful management with nicotinic acid.
AB  - A 46 year old woman is described who had a 13 half year history of watery
      diarrhea associated with hypokalemia and hypochlorhydria. The diarrhea was
      secretory as measured by triple lumen tube perfusion and was associated with an
      increased concentration of fasting plasma immunoreactive gastric inhibitory
      polypeptide (GIP) of 750 pg/ml which was stimulated to 4,000 pg/ml after a
      standard meal. The diarrhea decreased after partial pancreatectomy. Diffuse
      pancreatic islet cell hyperplasia was present and, although GIP was unmeasureable
      in the pancreas of normal subjects, it was at least 83 ng/g wet weight in this
      patient. Postoperatively, the patient's diarrhea responded dramatically to the
      oral administration of nicotinic acid.

PMID- 375727
TI  - Reproducibility of biotypes using enterotubes.
AB  - Using both stock and clinical isolates, the Enterotube system was examined for
      reproducibility of its biotype identification. Fifty stock strains of
      Enterobacteriaceae were tested on each of 22 separate days (interrun evaluation),
      and ten Enterotubes per strain were inoculated from one subculture (intrarun
      evaluation). It was found that 2 of the 50 strains (4 percent) demonstrated
      reproducibility of biotypes, defined as no variation in the results of the 22
      interrun Enterotubes. Twenty-one of the 50 strains (42 percent) demonstrated
      reproducibility of biotypes, defined as no variation in the results of the ten
      intrarun Enterotubes. In addition, 20 replicate Enterotube biotype
      identifications were performed on each of 114 urine cultures which had greater
      than 10(5) morphologically identical colonies per milliliter of urine. Forty-two
      of these 114 clinical urine cultures (34 percent) demonstrated no variation in
      biochemical test results with the 20 replicate Enterotubes. In 47 (44 percent) of
      the 20 replicate urine cultures, one biochemical test result varied. Two or more
      biochemical test results were different in the 20 Enterotubes from 25 (22
      percent) of the urine cultures.

PMID- 375728
TI  - Microbiology problem.

PMID- 375729
TI  - Enteric gram-negative rods, 1976.

PMID- 375730
TI  - Comprehensive care for the child with a chronic disability.

PMID- 375731
TI  - Consent to treatment: what does it entail?

PMID- 375732
TI  - Prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section: a double-blind study of cefazolin.
AB  - One hundred twenty-two patients were evaluated prospectively to determine the
      clinical efficacy of prophylactic cefazolin (Ancef) in cesarean section. The
      cefazolin was administered intravenously in a high-dose, short perioperative
      regimen. Postoperatively, each patient was evaluated for morbidity. Over all, the
      post operative morbidity rate was reduced from 30 per cent in the placebo group
      to 18 per cent in the cefazolin group. More important, the infection rate
      associated with primary cesarean section was significantly lessened from 38 per
      cent in the placebo group to 16 per cent in the drug group (p less than 0.025).
      In repeat cesarean sections, the postoperative morbidity rate was greater in the
      antibiotic-treated group (20 per cent) than in the placebo group (14 per cent).
      Of major importance, a predominant organism, Group D streptococcus, was
      encountered in the postoperative cultures of the cefazolin group.

PMID- 375734
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. Ueber die Ursachen der normalen und
      pathologischen Lagen des Uterus: Alwin Karl Mackenrodt; Archiv fur Gynakologie,
      vol. 48, pp. 393-421, 1895.

PMID- 375733
TI  - Clinical course and diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus infection and
      evaluation of topical surfactant therapy.
AB  - A prospective study of 37 men and 32 women with culture-proved genital herpes
      simplex virus (HSV) infection was undertaken to characterize the clinical
      manifestations of the disease and effects of topical therapy with Nonoxynol 9, a
      nonionic surfactant active in vitro against HSV. The duration of pain, lesions,
      and virus shedding was significantly longer in initial than in recurrent genital
      HSV infection. Cervical HSV shedding occurred in 11 of 13 initial infections
      versus two of 19 recurrences (p less than 0.001). Type 1 HSV caused seven of 29
      initial and none of 40 recurrent infections (p less than 0.01). Clinical
      recurrences within six weeks were detected more often in men than in women and
      were unrelated to the menstrual cycle. The influence of coitus on recurrence is
      unclear. Papanicolaou smears were transiently abnormal (Class II) in four (12.5
      per cent) of 32 female patients. Evidence of herpesvirus was detected cytologic
      smears from only 28 (41 per cent) of 69 culture-proved external lesions and three
      (23 per cent) of 13 culture-positive cervices. Serology was also of limited
      diagnostic value except in testing paired sera from initial infections. The
      topical therapy had no beneficial effect.

PMID- 375735
TI  - Spurious elevation of amniotic fluid bilirubin in acute hydramnios with fetal
      intestinal obstruction.

PMID- 375736
TI  - Surgical treatment of prolactin-secreting microadenomas.

PMID- 375737
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. La pratique des accouchemens soutenue
      d'un grand nombre d'observations ... Paul Portal. Paris, Gabriel Martin, 1685.

PMID- 375738
TI  - Legal and social issues in medical genetics.
AB  - This paper was written for the purpose of providing the physician with a
      perspective of the conflicting scientific, individual, and societal interests
      which have been evoked by increasing medical and scientific innovation in the
      area of human genetic disease. In it the following subjects are considered: (1)
      obtaining genetic information by amniocentesis, by genetic counseling, and by
      screening; (2) disclosure of genetic data to the patient; (3) inclusion of
      genetic data on the medical record; (4) courses of action available to the
      individual after disclosure of genetic information, i.e., abortion,
      sterilization, etc.; (5) the state and involuntary sterilization; and (6)
      prohibitions on marriage.

PMID- 375739
TI  - Corneal changes in aniridia.
AB  - Nineteen patients with aniridia and one patient with bilateral iris colobomata
      from eight families were examined for corneal abnormalities. Thirty-six eyes
      revealed changes that are consistent with a progressive corneal dystrophy. These
      changes begin in the corneal periphery in the early years of life and progress to
      the corneal center with increasing age. This dystrophy has been staged into four
      typical clinical patterns. Central corneal scarring, and in some cases,
      ulceration may occur, which may be a significant threat to vision.

PMID- 375740
TI  - Marginal corneal ulcers with acute beta streptococcal conjunctivitis and chronic
      dacryocystitis.
AB  - A 73-year-old woman had right dacryocystitis, intense conjunctival hyperemia and
      chemosis, marginal corneal ulcers, and abscesses and conjunctival cultures that
      were positive for beta hemolytic streptococci. A distinct lucid interval
      separated the peripheral corneal ulcers and infiltrates from the corneoscleral
      limbus. Gram stain of corneal scrapings revealed polymorphonuclear leukocytes but
      no bacteria, and corneal cultures were negative for bacteria. The peripheral
      corneal ulcers and abscesses in our patient with the lacrimal conjunctivitis of
      Morax clinically resembled the catarrhal ulcers found with staphylococcal
      blepharitis. A hypersensitivity or toxic reaction to streptococci or their
      products may have played a role in the development of the marginal ulcers in this
      patient.

PMID- 375741
TI  - Immunologic characterization of ocular adnexal lymphoid neoplasms.
AB  - We correlated the light microscopic features of ten ocular adnexal lymphoid
      neoplasms with the results of selected immunologic and histochemical lymphocyte
      marker studies. The lesions were divided into three histomorphologic patterns:
      inflammatory pseudotumor, reactive follicular hyperplasia, and malignant
      lymphoma. The six inflammatory pseudotumors, and reactive follicular hyperplasia,
      despite diverse histomorphology, were immunologically polyclonal and consisted of
      from 45 to 73% T cells and 27 to 60% B cells, the B cells being polyclonal with
      respect to light chain determinants. The four malignant lymphomas were
      immunologically monoclonal. Each consisted of a predominant B-cell proliferation,
      greater than 50% of the cells, which were monoclonal with respect to surface
      light chain determinants. No T-cell proliferations were observed. Our preliminary
      data indicate that, as in systemic lymphoid neoplasms, benign reactive lymphoid
      hyperplasias are immunologically polyclonal whereas malignant lymphomas are
      immunologically monoclonal. The systematic application of immunologic and
      histochemical techniques to the study of ocular adnexal lymphoid neoplasms may
      elucidate the natural history of these lesions.

PMID- 375743
TI  - Arthur C. Rohde (1890-1978).

PMID- 375742
TI  - Laboratory isolation techniques in human and experimental fungal infections.
AB  - In laboratory experience with a heterogenous group of 26 human ocular fungal
      isolates, brain-heart infusion broth proved to be the most useful medium for
      isolation. Although Candida and Fusarium species grew out within four days of
      inoculation, one fourth of the cultures did not become positive until 14 to 19
      days had elapsed. In an animal model of endophthalmitis due to F. solani
      infection, brain-heart infusion broth again was the most useful. The highly
      nutritious media used for fungal isolation are prone to contamination by
      organisms that are difficult to distinguish from true pathogens. Sham culture
      studies demonstrated that this contamination can easily occur during the process
      of sampling the lesion and inoculating the media.

PMID- 375744
TI  - Neil William George Macintosh 1906-1977.

PMID- 375745
TI  - Audrey J. Sublett 1937-1977.

PMID- 375746
TI  - Non-carious interproximal grooves in Arikara Indian dentitions.
AB  - The dentitions of adult Arikara Indians from the Larson site (39WW2) were
      examined to determine the frequency and etiology of noncarious interproximal
      grooves. The observations included groove morphology, loci and association with
      dental pathology. Approximately 30% of the individuals exhibit one or more
      pronounced grooves. The use of dental probes in conjunction with dietary grit is
      the likely responsible for interproximal grooves in this population sample.

PMID- 375747
TI  - Increase of tooth size in prehistoric coastal Peru, 10,000 B.P.-1,000 B.P.
AB  - Teeth increase in size during a 9,000-year period in an archaeologically derived,
      radiocarbon dated sample of skeletons from a geographically restricted area of
      coastal Peru. Although cultural change is extensive, including the transition to
      food production and pottery making, teeth do not reduce as predicted under these
      conditions by Brace's Probable Mutation Effect. Since most of the dental
      literature dealing with size change of teeth focuses upon dental reduction,
      hypotheses explaining why teeth increase through time are not well developed. No
      obvious selective forces explaining size increase are apparent in the present
      data. Attrition decreases through time. The increase in tooth size in this
      collection may be a function of overall cranialfacial size increase, which
      (pending further data) may be related to a general body size increase.

PMID- 375748
TI  - Calcium mediation of cholinergic-stimulated amylase release from mouse parotid
      gland.
AB  - Amylase release from mouse parotid fragments was stimulated independently by
      cholinergic and beta-adrenergic agents. The cholinergic agonist, carbachol,
      significantly increased release of amylase only in Ca2+ containing medium whereas
      isoproterenol-stimulated amylase release was unaffected by Ca2+ removal. The
      ionophore, A23187, mimicked the effect of cholinergic stimulation when Ca2+ was
      present in the medium. Uptake of 45Ca2+ into tissue fragments was enhanced by
      carbachol and A23187 but not by isoproterenol; atropine blocked the effect of
      carbachol. Diphenylhydantoin (DPH) and verapamil partially inhibited carbachol
      stimulated amylase release and 45Ca2+ uptake, whereas diazoxide potentiated these
      effects; in all cases there was good parallelism between 45Ca2+ uptake and
      amylase release. It was concluded that the primary step in the release of amylase
      from mouse parotid gland in response to cholinergic agents is an increased influx
      of Ca2+.

PMID- 375749
TI  - Peritubular capillary control of proximal tubule reabsorption in the rat.
AB  - Changes in peritubular capillary hydrostatic and oncotic pressures, which
      probably affect net interstitial pressure and, thus, the force on fluid movement
      across the tubule basement membrane, can modulate absolute proximal reabsorption
      rate (APR). To examine the relationship between APR and net interstitial
      pressure, we measured peritubular capillary hydrostatic and oncotic pressure,
      single nephron filtration rate, APR, absolute distal reabsorption (ADR), and
      tubular hydrostatic pressure in hydropenic, saline-loaded, and plasma-loaded
      rats. Net interstitial pressure in saline loading was estimated from subcapsular
      hydrostatic pressure and lymph protein concentration measurements. The surface
      area-hydraulic conductivity product of the peritubular capillary network was
      estimated from these measurements with a model of capillary fluid exchange in
      which fluid uptake was defined to be APR plus ADR. The estimated value was
      assumed to remain constant in all three states, and was then used to estimate net
      interstitial pressure in hydropenic and plasma-loaded rats. APR and net
      interstitial pressure correlated strongly, a finding consistent with the
      hypothesized role for net interstitial pressure in regulating proximal
      reabsorption.

PMID- 375750
TI  - Induced hemodilution detected by reflectometry for measuring microregional blood
      flow and blood volume in cat brain cortex.

PMID- 375751
TI  - Role of ligandin in transfer of bilirubin from plasma into liver.
AB  - Multiple-indicator dilution studies of labeled bilirubin uptake were carried out
      on isolated perfused rat livers with variable ligandin concentrations (from
      normal and thyroidectomized animals with and without phenobarbital pretreatment).
      Ligandin concentrations, measured immunologically, increased 25% after
      thyroidectomy and approximately doubled after phenobarbital pretreatment but
      decreased to normal during perfusion in the thyroidectomized nonpretreated group.
      A distributed two-compartment model was fitted to the dilution data and estimates
      of influx, efflux, and sequestration coefficients were obtained. Influx and
      sequestration coefficients did not vary significantly between the groups. Efflux
      coefficients were significantly smaller (P less than 0.001), and hepatic ligandin
      concentrations were significantly larger (p less than 0.001) in phenobarbital
      treated rats than in other groups. The efflux coefficient varied inversely with
      ligandin concentration and the volume of distribution in tissue, as perceived
      from the plasma space, increased in proportion to the concentration of ligandin.
      The increased net uptake of tracer bilirubin by the liver of phenobarbital
      pretreated animals is due to decreased tracer efflux secondary to the increase in
      intracellular binding of bilirubin by ligandin.

PMID- 375753
TI  - Possible role of cytosolic calcium and Na-Ca exchange in regulation of
      transepithelial sodium transport.
AB  - Emerging evidence in a number of different epithelia suggests that changes in
      cytosolic calcium ion levels play a critical role in the regulation of
      transepithelial sodium transport. Maneuvers believed to raise cytosolic calcium
      ion activity lead to an inhibition of net sodium transport in toad urinary
      bladder, frog skin, and isolated perfused proximal renal tubules. Regulation of
      the level of ionized calcium in the cytosol of the epithelial cells appears to
      involve a process of coupled Na-Ca exchange across the basolateral plasma
      membrane, energized, at least in part, by the sodium gradient. It is suggested
      that changes in cytosolic calcium ion levels, secondary to changes in Na-Ca
      exchange, in turn dependent in part on the activity of the sodium pump,
      constitute a link in a negative feedback mechanism. Through such a feedback
      mechanism, the rate of entry of sodium into the cell across the apical surface
      may be kept in step with its rate of extrusion across the basolateral surface.

PMID- 375752
TI  - Secretion of an insulinotropic factor from isolated, perfused rat intestine.
AB  - To examine gut-islet interrelationships, we entirely separated the
      gastrointestinal tract from the rat. When we arterially perfused this preparation
      with an erythrocyte-free solution for 1 h, it remained histologically intact and
      took up oxygen and glucose. Feedings were given via a duodenal tube. The gut
      absorbed glucose when glucose in the feeding was high (9.2 g/dl), but not when
      glucose in the feeding was low (58 mg/dl). With feeding, the portal venous
      effluent (PVE) from this preparation (stomach to ileum) enhanced late-phase,
      glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreas of another rat. This enhancement
      occurred when the gut was fed either glucose (9.2 g/dl) in electrolyte solution
      or electrolyte solution alone. PVE from glucose-fed upper gut (stomach, duodenum)
      was similarly insulinotropic. In contrast, PVE from unfed gut or from glucose-fed
      gut of old rats was not insulinotropic. PVE from all gut preparations except
      upper gut produced a glucagon "spike" during basal pancreatic perfusion. Effects
      of gastrointestinal peptides (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, cholecystokinin
      octapeptide, secretin, gastrin) and immunoassays of PVE suggested that the
      insulinotropic substance is not one of these peptides. Thus, an insulinotropic
      substance that is not dependent on feeding nutrient material is secreted from the
      intestine.

PMID- 375754
TI  - Cardiac output and mean transit time using the phase plane of dye-dilution
      curves.
AB  - Thirty-five indicator-dilution curves were recorded in dogs following the
      injection of indocyanine dye into the femoral vein, right atrium, pulmonary
      artery, or left ventricle. Sampling was from the femoral artery through a
      dichromatic cuvette densitometer. The exponential decay constant of each dye
      dilution curve was calculated by a new method utilizing the phase plane and
      compared with the value obtained by the Stewart-Hamilton procedure. A high level
      of correlation was found between the two methods. Mean difference between areas
      was only 1.04 mg.1(-1).s (r = 0.999) and between mean transit times 0.02 s (r =
      0.999). The phase plane method has the additional advantage of demonstrating the
      portion of exponential decay, enabling the elimination of indicator-dilution
      curves and abnormal downslopes.

PMID- 375755
TI  - Choline and lecithin in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia: preliminary results
      from a pilot study.
AB  - Tardive dyskinesia is thought to reflect increased dopaminergic activity of the
      central nervous system. To compensate for this by increasing CNS cholinergic
      tone, the authors administered oral choline and its natural dietary source,
      lecithin, to 5 men with mild to severe tardive dyskinesia in a nonblind trial.
      Both choline and lecithin increased serum choline levels and improved abnormal
      movements in all patients. Lecithin had fewer adverse effects.

PMID- 375756
TI  - Objective personality changes in residents of a therapeutic community.
AB  - The authors tested several groups of drug-abusing young adults who were residents
      of a drug-free therapeutic community. Three instruments were used: staff ratings,
      sociometric ratings by members of the community, and MMPI scores. All three
      measures showed objective evidence of decreasing psychopathology correlated with
      length of time in treatment, demonstrating the effectiveness of the therapeutic
      community in the rehabilitation of drug abusers. Individuals who left before
      completing treatment had MMPI scores indicating inability to develop social
      relationships; this elucidates a probable cause of the dropout phenomenon.

PMID- 375757
TI  - A double-blind evaluation of nomifensine and imipramine in depressed outpatients.

PMID- 375758
TI  - Behavioral treatment for Raynaud's disease: a comparative study with long-term
      follow-up.

PMID- 375759
TI  - H. Houston Merritt 1902--1979.

PMID- 375760
TI  - [Atypical course of neuroleptic therapy].

PMID- 375761
TI  - [Clinical studies with sulpiride in schizophrenics hospitalized for many years].

PMID- 375762
TI  - [Therapeutic and side effects of treatment with sulpiride].

PMID- 375764
TI  - [Marey and the capture of physiological data].

PMID- 375763
TI  - Cardiotoxicity of prothiadene in clinical trials.

PMID- 375765
TI  - The cancer-schizophrenia linkage.

PMID- 375766
TI  - [Double-blind comparison of two methods of applying Limoge current during
      electrodrug anesthesia].

PMID- 375767
TI  - [The eosinophils. A tribute to Mario Salazar Mallen].

PMID- 375768
TI  - Dantrolene and suxamethonium. The effect of pre-operative dantrolene on the
      action of suxamethonium.
AB  - A single oral dose of dantrolene (100--150 mg) given at least 2 hr pre
      operatively has been found to reduce significantly the strength of muscular
      fasciculations, the hyperkalaemia and the incidence of muscle pains following
      suxamethonium (from 56 to 4%) in a series of forty-eight patients compared with
      controls. The biceps EMG of the fasciculations was unchanged by dantrolene; the
      incidence of troublesome side effects was low (9%) and there did not appear to be
      any alteration in the duration of action of suxamethonium.

PMID- 375769
TI  - Computer-assisted learning in the teaching of anaesthesia.
AB  - A comparison of computer-assisted learning and small tutorial group teaching was
      carried out in the instruction of final year medical students in anaesthesia. The
      scores attained by fifteen of the sixteen students were higher after computer
      assisted learning than after small group teaching. Statistical analyses of the
      results demonstrated that in this study computer-assisted learning was
      significantly better than small tutorial teaching.

PMID- 375770
TI  - From Clover to computer. Towards programmed anaesthesia?
AB  - The control of depth of anaesthesia has been viewed as a control-system problem
      the solution of which can involve both feedback and feedforward techniques. The
      nature of the problem in Clover's day and the solutions he found have been
      examined. A similar analysis has been made in respect of the modern anaesthetist.
      Finally, the way in which computers may aid the anaesthetist in his task has been
      illustrated by reference to various attempts reported from around the world and,
      in particular, by describing the development in Cardiff of a system which should
      produce, in the brain of the patient, any tension of an inhaled anaesthetic which
      the anaesthetist chooses to specify.

PMID- 375771
TI  - Manual ventilation and the EMO system.

PMID- 375772
TI  - Interaction of 6-thiopurines and thiol-containing RNA with a cellulose mercurial.

PMID- 375773
TI  - Fine structural studies of the rat vas deferens.
AB  - A fine structural study of the normal rat vas deferens was undertaken utilizing
      perfusion fixation. Morphological features not previously appreciated were
      revealed using this technique of fixation, and included the following. The rat
      vas deferens exhibited a gross morphological and microscopic differentiation
      along its length: A proximal segment was characterized by a thin muscular wall,
      an epithelium of low height (comparable to that of the cauda epididymidis) and a
      distended lumen typically filled with an accumulation of sperm; a distal segment
      exhibited a thick muscular wall, a convoluted mucosa, and a pseudostratified
      columnar epithelium with long stereocilia extending into the lumen. The
      transition from the morphology typical of the proximal segment to that of the
      distal segment was gradual and progressive, marked by an increase in the mass of
      the muscular wall and in the height and ultrastructural complexity of the
      epithelium. Clear or "foamy" cells, characteristic of the cauda epididymidis,
      were observed in the initial centimeter of the vas deferens. Also, a cell type
      designated as "mitochondrion-rich" was observed in the distal vas segment. The
      structure of the small mitochondria in such cells, however, did not conform to
      the description of mitochondria in similar cells found in the human (Hoffer,
      '76). Intraepithelial macrophages containing residual accumulations which often
      resembled spermatozoan remnants in advanced stages of dissolution were present in
      all segments of the rat vas deferens, confirming in this species a spermiophagic
      role for such cells.

PMID- 375774
TI  - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of antihypoxic protection of the myocardium
      during artificial hypothermia in patients with an interventricular septal
      defect].

PMID- 375775
TI  - [Nonspecific protective mechanisms of the respiratory tracts].

PMID- 375776
TI  - [Brain hemodynamics and metabolism during artificial circulation].

PMID- 375777
TI  - [Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, V.A. Negovski (on
      his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 375778
TI  - [Aponeurectomy in vascular traumatisms of the lower extremities. Report of a
      case].

PMID- 375779
TI  - Correcting hypertension produced by a solitary kidney with renal artery stenosis
      by autotransplantation.

PMID- 375780
TI  - Arthur C. Rohde (1890-1978).

PMID- 375781
TI  - [Hormones in depressive illness. The role of cortisol and sexual steroids
      (author's transl)].
AB  - It is actually highly probable than depression is linked to a decrease in
      noradrenergic activity in brain, at least in some areas including hypothalamus.
      The complexity of relations between dopaminergic and serotoninergic systems lead
      to multiple possibilities in hypothetical etiologic factors and in therapeutic
      interventions. A plasmatic drop in testosterone in men and estradiol in women is
      one of the situation able to induce a decrease in noradrenergic activity. It
      seems to be of primordial influence on depression at least in patients with
      predominant clinical hypogonadic symptoms. We still don't know the frequency on
      hypogonadism in peoples with predominant depressive symptoms. However this
      incidence may be fairly high because it is now demonstrated than environmental
      stress could impaired testicular and ovarian function by the means of anxiety
      hormones, catecholamines and cortisol, and also by a direct effect on
      hypothalamus. In no case this hormonal reactions are adaptative by means of anti
      anxiety or anti-depressive effects. In contrary, they contribute to maintain the
      psycho-endocrine syndrome.

PMID- 375782
TI  - [Biochemical prospects in treatment of depressive illness (author's transl)].
AB  - Biochemistry of the brain has to avoid the dead-end where psychopharmacology is
      trapped at the present time. First of all it is needed to draw of the lack of
      efficacy of the antidepressants of today. Brain biochemical research must go
      beyond the moamine models and take into considerations the afferent and efferent
      influences. The sutdy of ECT and ions like lithium, rubidium, and cesium may open
      up new perspectives to the knowledge of new psychotropic drugs and to their
      mecanisms of action. Starting from clinical observations new indications for
      already known non psychotropic drugs could appear.

PMID- 375783
TI  - History of the American Thoracic Society. Part II. The American Trudeau Society.

PMID- 375784
TI  - A fiberoptic bronchoscopy technique to obtain uncontaminated lower airway
      secretions for bacterial culture.
AB  - Seven types of brush catheter were studied in vitro to determine the optimal
      catheter design for obtaining specimens for bacterial culture using fiberoptic
      bronchoscopy. The various catheters were inserted through the inner channel,
      which was contaminated with fresh saliva. The specimen was then obtained by
      inserting the brush into a broth culture of a marker organism at the distal end
      of the bronchoscope. Relative merits were based on quantitative bacterial counts
      of salivary "contaminants" and the marker organism. The catheter that proved
      superior had telescoping cannulas with a distal occlusion. Twenty-six samplings
      using catheters with this design uniformly showed no contaminants and high counts
      of the marker organism. The catheter with telescoping cannulas and a distal
      occlusion composed of polyethlene glycol was then tested with bronchoscopy
      performed on 8 healthy volunteers and 6 patients with clinical evidence of a
      lower airway infection. The specimens yielded likely pulmonary pathogens in high
      concentrations from patients with pneumonia or lung abscess. Possible
      contaminants were recovered in low concentrations from 2 of 14 subjects. These in
      vitro studies and the preliminary clinical trial support the use of this type of
      catheter for obtaining bronchoscopic specimens for bacterial culture.

PMID- 375785
TI  - Age-related changes in elastic fibers and elastin of lung.
AB  - The effect of age on the lung elastic tissue of inbred BALB/c mice were studied.
      Static compliance of excised lungs increased with age. Morphometrically
      determined total elastic fiber length increased with lung expansion in age- and
      sex-matched mice (r = 0.83, P smaller than 0.001), indicating an axial extension
      of elastic fibers. However, total elastic fiber length of aging lungs fixed at a
      distending pressure of 15 cm H2O showed no significant change despite an age
      related increase in lung volume (male, r = 0.96, P smaller than 0.001; female, r
      = 0.95 P smaller than 0.001). The correlative finding of decreased elastin
      content (r = -0.87, P smaller than 0.001) indicates that there is a loss of
      elastic fibers in the aging lung. It is suggested that the absence of
      pseudoelastin fibers, as demonstrated by histochemical techniques, accounts for
      the observed differences in elastin content of aging human and mouse lungs.

PMID- 375786
TI  - History of the American Thoracic Society. Part III. The American Thoracic
      Society.

PMID- 375787
TI  - Clinical trial of six-month and four-month regimens of chemotherapy in the
      treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
AB  - In a study in Singapore, Chinese, Malay, and Indian patients with pulmonary
      tuberculosis received 2 months of daily treatment with streptomycin, isoniazid,
      rifampin, and pyrazinamide followed either by daily treatment with isoniazid,
      rifampin, and pyrazinamide (SHRZ/HRZ regimen) or by daily administration of
      isoniazid and rifampin (SHRZ/HR regimen) allocated at random. Both regimens were
      given for either 6 or 4 months by random allocation. All 330 patients with drug
      sensitive tubercle bacilli before treatment had a favorable bacteriologic
      response during chemotherapy. During the first 6 months after the end of
      chemotherapy, there was only a single bacteriologic relapse among 84 SHRZ/HRZ and
      80 SHRZ/HR patients treated for 6 months, but 8 (10 per cent) of 80 SHRZ/HRZ and
      4 (5 per cent) of 74 SHRZ/HR patients treated for 4 months relapsed. Of a total
      of 33 patients with bacilli resistant to isoniazid, streptomycin, or both drugs
      before treatment, only one had an unfavorable response during chemotherapy, and
      none of 31 patients relapsed during the first 6 months after stopping
      chemotherapy. The incidence of adverse reactions was low; 11 (3 per cent) of 397
      patients had hepatitis, but not all episodes were attributable to drug toxicity,
      and one patient had thrombocytopenic purpura.

PMID- 375788
TI  - Respiratory failure in disorders of the thoracic cage.

PMID- 375790
TI  - Physician manpower expansionism: a policy review.
AB  - A lack of national health goals has allowed physician manpower policy to be
      dominated by an expansionist philosophy. Scarce resources have been channeled
      into the production of specialist physicians trained to provide complex and
      expensive care for uncommon diseases, using other scare and expensive resources
      and adding to the steep rise in medical care costs. Society seems to want access
      to primary care--a lack it views with dismay--and simultaneously fears increasing
      costs of care. Lack of access plus high cost might lead to rash implementation of
      other inappropriate policies. Success of policy decisions is pure serendipity if
      made without reliable and relevant information or based on inappropriate data,
      such as opinions alone. If information is unavailable, then physician manpower
      decisions should be delayed or, if made, implemented cautiously.

PMID- 375789
TI  - The use of antiepileptic drugs.
AB  - The use of antiepileptic drugs has become increasingly effective through several
      factors: new techniques that allow better diagnosis of the seizure disorder and
      its underlying cause; the development of new medications and increased knowledge
      of old ones; and the widespread use of antiepileptic drug-level determinations.
      The choice of a drug depends heavily on an accurate diagnosis of seizure type,
      which may determine the response to the medication. Because of better diagnostic
      criteria and intensive monitoring procedures, the correct seizure disorder can be
      more easily diagnosed and, therefore, the proper medication selected. Minimal
      efficacious and toxic blood concentrations have now been identified for most
      antiepileptic drugs. Several, including primidone, carbamazepine, methsuximide,
      and mephenytoin, have pharmacologically active metabolites that affect both the
      toxicity and efficacy of the prescribed drug and can now be measured in the
      plasma. The most effective use of the antiepileptic drugs depends on a
      combination of reliable blood level measurements, clinical observation, and
      knowledge of their pharmacokinetics and biotransformation.

PMID- 375791
TI  - Infectious diseases: an annotated bibliography of recent literature. References
      to journal articles and other papers.

PMID- 375793
TI  - Effect of hypertonic glucose on the muscular cramps of hemodialysis.
AB  - The effect of hypertonic (50%) glucose injected for relief of hemodialysis
      induced muscular cramps was studied in 15 chronically uremic, nondiabetic
      patients who experienced a total of 44 cramp episodes. In a double-blind trial
      either 50 mL (or less) of hypertonic glucose or physiologic (0.9%) saline
      solution was injected, and the therapeutic response was evaluated. Of a total of
      44 episodes of cramps, 26 were treated with hypertonic glucose and 18 with normal
      saline. Treatment with hypertonic glucose relieved 17 of 26 episodes, in contrast
      to only five of 18 episodes relieved with 50 mL of normal saline (P less than
      0.016). No complications related to hypertonic glucose administration were
      observed. Hypertonic glucose seems to be safe and effective for the relief of
      dialysis-induced cramps. It also avoids undesirable loading with sodium and
      mannitol, which have been suggested for treatment of dialysis-induced cramps.

PMID- 375792
TI  - Neoantigen response in patients successfully treated for lymphoma. A Southwest
      Oncology Group study.
AB  - To ascertain the cellular immune function of patients successfully treated for
      lymphoma, we measured skin-test reactivity to a battery of recall antigens,
      phytohemmagglutinin (PHA), and the neoantigens keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)
      and dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Seventy-four patients with Hodgkin's disease and
      31 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were studied from 3 to 186 months after
      cessation of therapy for lymphoma. Although reactivity to recall antigens and PHA
      was normal, the number of patients responding to the neoantigens was
      significantly (P less than 0.01) lower than normal (KLH, 35%; and DNCB, 34%).
      This impairment in reactivity to neoantigens could not be correlated with
      specific diagnosis, stage of disease, or type of treatment. Reactivity to DNCB
      was significantly (P less than 0.01) improved in those patients studied more than
      3 years after treatment, but the number who reacted was still markedly abnormal
      (17 of 33). Thus, successfully treated patients with lymphoma seem to have
      difficulty in responding to new foreign antigens.

PMID- 375794
TI  - Hypomagnesemia and renal magnesium wasting in patients receiving cisplatin.
AB  - We studied renal function and serum electrolytes in 51 patients receiving
      cisplatin chemotherapy by retrospectively reviewing the charts of 44 patients and
      prospectively following seven patients. Hypomagnesemia developed in 23 of 44
      evaluable patients who were receiving cisplatin. We documented inappropriate
      renal magnesium wasting in four patients. Two patients required hospitalization
      for symptomatic hypomagnesemia. We conclude that cisplatin can induce a renal
      tubular defect in magnesium conservation and serious clinical syndromes of
      magnesium deficiency.

PMID- 375795
TI  - Psychosis with ordinary doses of propranolol.

PMID- 375796
TI  - New forms for references.

PMID- 375797
TI  - Hypothermia treatment needs controlled studies.

PMID- 375798
TI  - Eikenella corrodens as pathogen.

PMID- 375799
TI  - Oncology: an annotated bibliography of recent literature.

PMID- 375800
TI  - Professor Dr Med. Werner Klosterkotter.

PMID- 375801
TI  - [Prof. Rene Grimaud].

PMID- 375802
TI  - Cefazolin prophylaxis in head and neck cancer surgery.
AB  - This study evaluated the prophylactic use of cefazolin in reducing the incidence
      of infection in patients undetgoing cancer surgery where the upper aerodigestive
      tract was entered from the neck. A prospective, randomized, double-blind design
      was conducted in a single hospital. The patient was given placebo or cefazolin, 1
      gm intramuscularly with  the preoperative medications, then 0.5 gm every six
      hours for four doses. Of 55 determinate patients, 32 received antibiotics and 23
      placebo. Infection rate was 38% (12/32) and 87% (20/23) respectively,
      representing a statistically significant reduction in infection (P less than
      0.001/. There were 30 wound and two nonwound (sinusitis and pneumonia)
      infections. In conclusion, the perioperative use of cefazolin in patients
      undergoing cancer surgery where the oral cavity or pharynx has been entered from
      the neck is useful in reducing the incidence of wound infection.

PMID- 375803
TI  - Loss of secretory activity in the glands of nasal polyps.
AB  - Secretory activity in the glands of the nasal polyps from 15 patients with or
      without allergic histories was examined by using a direct (anti-IgA) or indirect
      (anti-SC) immunofluorescent technique. Glands were found in all the examined
      nasal polyps, but in many, only a few were present. Active secretory process of
      IgA was observed in the intraepithelial glands of the ciliated, pseudostratified
      epithelium. Most of the dilated glandular ductules, on the contrary, appeared to
      be lacking in secretory activity of IgA. Such were commonly filled with mucus
      materials and their epithelial glandular cells showed no fluorescence for anti
      SC, whereas the active IgA secreting cells showed a heavy fluorescence for
      secretory component (SC) in indirect immunofluorescent studies. Activity of the
      glandular ductules, therefore, was determined by examining the SC producing
      activity. In some extracted polyps, SC containing dilated glands were present.
      These active glands, however, lost the SC producing activity followed by the
      stasis of mucus flow in the lumen. Thus, when the glands were occupied by mucus
      materials, stretched and cystic degeneration ensued.

PMID- 375804
TI  - [Andre Huguenin, 1908-1978].

PMID- 375805
TI  - [Idiopathic hemochromatosis and gonadotropin secretion (author's transl)].
AB  - 18 patients suffering from idiopathic hemochromatosis were studied. Plasma
      testosterone was stimulated by HCG. Basal plasma LH and FSH were significantly
      lower for the male group compared to healthy men. Lack of reponse of plasma LH
      and FSH after IV LHRH (100 microgram) was observed in 10 cases; among the
      patients with a normal response there were a postmenopausal woman, a 47 XXY
      syndrome, and the two youngest patients. Repeated infusions of LHRH (200
      microgram/day x 5 d) did not increase LH in 8 out of 9 cases. Repeated plasma LH
      determination for 4 hours showed no pulsatile pattern in 6/7 patients. Plasma LH
      RH measured in 7 cases was not elevated. The conclusion is that hypogonadism in
      hemochromatosis, when present, is related to a gonadotropin secretion defect,
      presumably of pituitary origin.

PMID- 375806
TI  - Trial of chlorimipramine and desipramine for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.

PMID- 375807
TI  - The decreasing incidence of primary intracerebral hemorrhage: a population study.
AB  - This population study describes the experience with primary intracerebral
      hemorrhage (PIH) in residents of Rochester, MN, for the 32-year period from 1945
      through 1976. The average annual age-adjusted incidence rate for PIH was 12.1 per
      100,000 population, and the incidence for all cases of spontaneous intracerebral
      hemorrhage was 15.2 per 100,000. The PIH rates were higher for males than for
      females, and they increased steadily with age. When patients on long-term
      anticoagulant therapy were excluded, there was a steady decrease in the average
      annual age-adjusted incidence rate for PIH in each succeeding 8-year interval
      since 1945. Prehemorrhage hypertension, present overall in 89% of patients, was
      much more frequent and severe in the earlier years of the study. The frequency
      and severity of prehemorrhage hypertension also varied inversely with age in the
      population with PIH. The median age at the onset of PIH increased from 65 years
      for the period 1945 through 1952 to 71 years for 1969 through 1976.

PMID- 375808
TI  - Thrombocytopenia associated with sodium valproate treatment.
AB  - The administration of sodium valproate to 30 patients in daily doses of 1,200 to
      3,000 mg was associated with a significant reduction of the platelet count.
      Thrombocytopenia without any concomitant bleeding abnormalities occurred in 10 of
      the patients. Platelet counts returned to baseline levels after withdrawal of the
      drug.

PMID- 375809
TI  - Prostaglandin effect on lymphokine production in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - Production of the lymphokine LIF (leukocyte migration inhibitory factor) by
      normal lymphocytes on stimulation with mitogens in inhibited by E type
      prostaglandins (PGE). It has been reported that the leukocytes of patients with
      multiple sclerosis (MS) are resistant to this inhibitory effect. We have studied
      10 MS patients using an indirect technique for measuring LIF activity. This
      allows separation of the effects of PGE on lymphocyte LIF production from the
      effects on the action of LIF on the target granulocytes. There was no difference
      between normal subjects and MS patients in the effects of prostaglandins E1 and
      E2 in concentrations of 2.5 and 0.25 microgram per milliliter, on LIF production,
      or on granulocyte response to LIF. These results do not support the hypothesis
      that the chronic inflammatory process in MS is the result of resistance to the
      normal inhibitory effects of PGE on the cellular immune response.

PMID- 375811
TI  - Auditory psychophysics.

PMID- 375812
TI  - Concepts of motor organization.

PMID- 375813
TI  - Social and cultural influences on psychopathology.

PMID- 375810
TI  - The biology of motivation.

PMID- 375814
TI  - Small group methods of personal change.

PMID- 375815
TI  - [In memoriam Walter Scheidt, 1895--1976].

PMID- 375816
TI  - [Streptococcus group A resistance to tetracycline: its spread and transduction].
AB  - The study on antibiotics resistance of group A streptococci isolated in 1977
      showed that the number of the antibiotic resistant strains had significantly
      increased as compared to the data of 1960. High percentage (53%) of the cultures
      with multiple resistance was noted. It was observed that the number of the
      streptococcal cultures resistant to erythromycin and chloramphenicol decreased
      while the number of the strains resistant to tetracyclines increased. The level
      of resistance to tetracycline increased more than 2 times from 1960 and in some
      cases reached 125 and 250 gamma/ml. The wide spread of tetracycline resistance
      was evident of the presence of the mechanism of the marker transduction. Possible
      transduction of this feature was studied. Microbe-free phagolysates obtained by
      induction with UV-light from the strains with multiple antibiotic resistance were
      used as the donor material in the experiment on transduction. Principal
      possibility of transducing resistance to tetracycline from 2 donors to 4
      recipients at a frequency of 10(-6) was shown.

PMID- 375817
TI  - [Plasmid-determined streptococcal resistance to antibiotics].
AB  - The analysis of the genetic organization of the determinant ERLI by means of
      obtaining and studying the antibiotic sensitive mutants from the strain resistant
      to erythromycin and lincomycin provided experiment data in favour of the fact
      that inducable resistance to erythromycin and lincomycin determined by the
      plasmid might be defined by the same or closely linked genes.

PMID- 375818
TI  - [Clinical study of oxacillin for intravenous administration in heart surgery
      after operations with artificial circulation].
AB  - Intravenous sodium oxacillin of Soviet production was subjected to clinical
      trials in 50 cardiosurgical patients. The patients were operated under conditions
      of artificial circulation. The antibiotic was used for prophylaxis and therapy of
      the postoperative pyo-inflammatory complications. In the group of the patients
      observed no lethal cases due to the post-operative infection were registered.

PMID- 375819
TI  - [Trial study of ampiox sodium used intravenously in the clinical picture of
      internal diseases].
AB  - Clinical efficiency of intravenous ampiox was shown. The drug was used mainly in
      the treatment of patients with bronchopulmonary diseases and other infections.
      The results of the treatment proved to be good and satisfactory in 12 out of 15
      patients. In 3 severe patients the antibiotic therapy produced a temporary
      effect. The side effects were of allergic genesis and rapidly disappeared after
      discontinuation of the treatment and administration of tavegi or dimedrol. No
      phlebitis cases were observed.

PMID- 375820
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. Hans Knoll].

PMID- 375821
TI  - [Expression of the gene for tetracycline resistance of plasmids R6 and RP4 in
      bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae].
AB  - It was found that manifestation of the tetracycline resistance gene depended on
      the type of the plasmid containing the gene. The tetracycline resistance gene was
      subject to less repression in plasmid R6 than in plasmid RP4. Sensitivity of the
      initial plasmid-free bacteria varied within lower dose ranges than that of the
      plasmid-carrying strains. Regulation of the tetracycline resistance gene
      manifestation in the given plasmid may change in different bacterial hosts, i.e.
      in different cytoplasmic environment at different gene background.

PMID- 375822
TI  - [Experimental characteristics of the antileishmaniasis action of amphotericin B].
AB  - The efficacy of amphotericin B powder of the Soviet production was studied as a
      therapeutic agent in experimental zoonotic leishmaniosis of the skin form of mice
      and hamsters. Amphotericin B was administered per os and its action was compared
      with that of monomycin injected subcutaneously (50 mg/kg). Amphotericin B in a
      dose of 150 mg/kg administered for 30 days protected 96+/-0.07 and 76.4+/-0.9 per
      cent of the mice and hamsters respectively from development of the leishmaniosis
      clinical signs, 68.8+/-0.04 per cent of the animals being cured (in the treatment
      experiments). The effect of the antibiotic was analogous to that of monomycin
      administered parenterally. The study of the kinetics of amphotericin B showed
      that the antibiotic was well absorbed from the digestive tract of the animals
      into the blood which provided the chemotherapeutic effect.

PMID- 375823
TI  - [Effect of the functional state of the internal organs on the pharmacokinetics of
      benzylpenicillin in angina].
AB  - The levels of benzylpenicillin on its intramuscular administration in doses of
      100000 or 200000 units, as well as the renal and hepatic functions and the
      antibiotic binding by the host protein components were studied in 44 angina
      patients and 29 healthy persons. The benzylpenicillin levels were always markedly
      higher in the angina cases than those in the healthy persons. The ratio of the
      free and protein bound fractions of the antibiotic in the above groups was
      practically the same. At the same time the amount of benzylpenicillin excreted
      with the urine was higher in the angina patients than in the healthy persons
      approximately by 2 times. The study of the function of the internal organs
      revealed a marked decrease in the daily diuresis in all the angina patients and
      microhematuria in the 1/4 of the cases. The impairment of the renal function was
      determined by the laboratory methods practically in all the patients. On the
      basis of the data obtained it was concluded that the increased benzylpenicillin
      levels in the angina cases were connected with a decreased capacity for
      inactivating this substance by the liver enzymatic systems due to the changed
      function of this organ. The fact of the increased antibiotics levels in the host
      is considered as a positive phenomenon providing inhibition of the disease
      causative agents resistant to usual concentrations of the drug.

PMID- 375824
TI  - [Structure of the microflora of suppurative wounds and its sensitivity to
      antibiotics].
AB  - Clinico-bacteriological examination of patients with purulent infections showed
      that Staphylococcus was the predominating microflora in the wounds.
      Simultaneously an increasing role of gram-negative conditionally pathogenic
      bacteria was shown. Multiple drug resistance was found in the organisms tested.
      The highest sensitivity levels were observed to gentamicin, kanamycin,
      tetracycline, levomycetin. It was shown by means of special typing methods that
      staphylococci of phage group III and Ps. Aeruginosa of serotype II predominated
      in the infected wounds. When the pathological material contained the antibiotic
      resistant cultures of Ps. aeruginosa, Proteus, Klebsiella and toxigenic strains
      of Staphylococcus, a tendency for prolongation of the suppurative process was
      observed.

PMID- 375825
TI  - [Comparative experimental study of cyclacillin and ampicillin].
AB  - Cyclacillin was compared with ampicillin by its bacteriostatic efficiency in
      vitro, chemotherapeutic efficiency in experimental infections of mice and rats
      and pharmacokinetic characteristics. It was found that cyclacillin was not
      superior to ampicillin by its antibacterial action. By a number of
      characteristics it was even significantly inferior. The pharmacokinetic
      advantages of cyclacillin were not considered significant.

PMID- 375826
TI  - [Mechanisms of Proteus resistance to chloramphenicol].
AB  - Data on chloramphenicol sensitivity of clinical Proteus strains isolated within
      1970--1975 and some mechanisms of their resistance to this antibiotic are
      presented. It was found that most of the Proteus strains (62.82 +/- 2.15 per
      cent) were resistant to chloramphenicol. 75 per cent of the isolates had
      resistance of transmissive character. Resistance of the Proteus cultures to
      chloramphenicol was not a stable feature and was lost during storage under
      laboratory conditions. Direct correlation between stability of the antibiotic
      resistance in the Proteus, the resistance level and the period of the culture
      storage was found. It was shown that the transmissive resistance to
      chloramphenicol in the Proteus cultures was due to synthesis of a highly active
      constituitive chloramphenicol-inactivating enzyme. Direct relation between the
      Proteus resistance level to chloramphenicol and the rate of the enzyme synthesis
      was noted. A number of the Proteus strains phenotypically sensitive to this
      antibiotic was capable of its inactivation. Still, the activity of the enzyme was
      low. The rate of the enzyme synthesis and the level of the acquired resistance in
      the chloramphenicol resistant mutants depended on the presence or absence of the
      enzyme in the cells of the initial sensitive strain. The capacity for
      chloramphenicol accumulation in a number of the chloramphenicol resistant mutants
      of the Proteus was decreased.

PMID- 375827
TI  - [Interrelationship between the serum lysozyme level and the leukocyte count in
      Sonne and Flexner dysenteries].
AB  - Interrelation between the level of the serum lysozyme and the count of the
      leucocytes, as well as the severity of the disease was found in testing of the
      peripheral blood of 133 patients with acute Sonnei and Flexner dysentery. It is
      recommended to use the lysozyme index in the clinical practice as one of the
      additional criteria for estimation of the severity of acute dysentery.

PMID- 375828
TI  - [Fecal microfloral composition in patients treated with ampicillin].

PMID- 375829
TI  - [Advances in the field of producing semisynthetic cephalosporins].

PMID- 375830
TI  - [In memory of a scientist (Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermol'eva)].

PMID- 375832
TI  - L-Alanine as an end product of glycolysis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae growing
      under different hypoxic conditions.
AB  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae growing under anaerobic or other hypoxic conditions
      releases L-alanine into the culture medium as an end product of glycolysis.
      Although the production of alanine is not as high as that of other fermentation
      products (ethanol, glycerol, succinic acid), consideration of the pathways
      leading to alanine in fermenting yeasts indicates that the release of alanine is
      advantageous to the cellular economy and may be considered as a safety device for
      excreting reducing equivalents derived from NADPH. No significant changes in the
      activity of alanine aminotransferase are found in the yeast when grown under
      different conditions.

PMID- 375831
TI  - Biosynthesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae glycoproteins: nature of some
      participating glycolipids.
AB  - A particulate membrane preparation from Saccharomyces cerevisiae catalyzed the
      incorporation of mannose from GDP-mannose into lipids that were extractable in
      chloroform-methanol. One lipid has been previously characterized as dolichyl
      phosphomannose. Another one was purified by chromatography on silicic acid, DEAE
      cellulose and Sephadex LH-20 was found to be alkali unstable. The lipid moiety
      was shown to be dolichol and the glycosydic part contained mannose, glucose and
      glucosamine. Radioactive mannose was also incorporated at a slower rate into more
      polar compounds. They were soluble in chloroform-methanol-water and were seen to
      liberate neutral oligosaccharides after alkaline hydrolysis. Radioactive mannose
      was also incorporated into substances which behave chemically as glycoproteins
      since they were insoluble in organic solvents, water and trichloroactic acid.
      Pronase treatment of the trichloroacetic acid-insoluble material released water
      soluble oligosaccharides. When the particulate preparation which had been
      extracted with chloroform-methanol at-20 C, was incubated with GDP-(U
      14C)mannose, radioactivity was incorporated into glycolipids that were soluble in
      chloroform-methanol-water and into glycoproteins. This result suggests that at
      least part of the mannose was transferred to endogenous acceptors independent of
      dolichyl phosphomannose.

PMID- 375833
TI  - Pepsin inhibition by a high specific activity radioiodinated derivative of
      pepstatin.

PMID- 375834
TI  - Nonuniform size distribution of nascent peptides. The effect of messenger RNA
      structure upon the rate of translation.

PMID- 375835
TI  - The stimulus secretion coupling of glucose-induced insulin release.

PMID- 375836
TI  - Coenzyme B12-dependent diol dehydrase: purification, subunit heterogeneity, and
      reversible association.

PMID- 375837
TI  - Compression as a treatment of cancer, a historical survey.
AB  - Compression in medicine goes far back in history. In ancient Rome and during the
      Renaissance compression by means of leaden plates was a well-known treatment of
      cancer. Compression flourished particularly in the first half of the 19th
      century, in Great Britain encouraged by the publications of Young and Arnott and
      Walshe, in France especially by the work of Recamier. Around 1850 this treatment
      fell into discredit: on the one hand because of improved surgical possibilities,
      on the other because not all the alleged cures concerned true malignancies. The
      results were, on the whole, disappointing. Quite recently, compression re
      appeared as a treatment of carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

PMID- 375838
TI  - Low-dose heparin prophylaxis in herniorrhaphy? A prospective trial in bleeding
      complications.
AB  - Low-dose heparin (L.D.H.) prophylaxis gives good protection against deep venous
      thrombosis (D.V.T.). In the case of subjects presenting for herniorrhaphy the
      literature is less unanimous regarding the chance of wound hematoma. In this
      prospective randomised, matched trial in 86 patients, a wound hematoma incidence
      of 36 percent was noted in the treatment group as against 7% in the control
      group. This is statistically significant at the P less than 0.001 level.

PMID- 375839
TI  - Photochemotherapy for psoriasis. A clinical cooperative study of PUVA-48 and PUVA
      64.
AB  - A clinical cooperative study involving 14 centers evaluated photochemotherapy
      (psoralen and high-intensity long-wave ultraviolet light [PUVA]) for psoriasis.
      Results from 465 patients treated with a PUVA-48 unit (equipped with 48 high
      intensity UVA bulbs) and 110 patients treated with a PUVA-64 unit (equipped with
      64 high-intensity UVA bulbs) confirmed the effectiveness of photochemotherapy for
      psoriasis. Clearing of psoriasis occurred in 85% of patients on PUVA-48 therapy.
      Mean number of treatments, joules per square centimeter, to clear, and total
      joules at clearing were similar to other reported trials. The plateau method of
      clearing resulted in lower joules per square centimeter at clearing, total joules
      per square centimeter, and number of treatments than the nonplateau method.
      Maintenance therapy groups were mainly M1 (once weekly) or M4 (no treatment for
      more than 60 days). No meaningful laboratory abnormalities were detected and
      ophthalmologic examinations showed a few abnormal results following PUVA. Short
      term side effects were mainly erythema, nausea, and pruritus. The effectiveness
      and short-term safety of PUVA for psoriasis has now been confirmed by a second
      large cooperative study.

PMID- 375840
TI  - Juvenile dermatitis herpetiformis.
AB  - Juvenile dermatitis herpetiformis occurred in a 20-month-old girl. She had
      granular lgA, C3, and fibrin bound to the basement membrane zone of the skin by
      direct immunofluorescence and negative serum antibodies against the skin on
      indirect immunofluorescence. The HLA typing of peripheral lymphocytes was A1,
      Aw30, B8, Bw51 without clinical evidence of malabsorption syndrome. A rapid
      improvement was observed on dapsone therapy. These findings strongly suggest that
      juvenile dermatitis hepetiformis is a disease entity different from chronic
      bullous dermatosis of childhood.

PMID- 375842
TI  - Treatment of disseminated granuloma annulare with potassium iodide.

PMID- 375841
TI  - The dropout patient.

PMID- 375843
TI  - Rehabilitation nursing and related readings: a bibliography.

PMID- 375845
TI  - [Transmission electron microscopy as a diagnosis tool in human liver disease
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 375844
TI  - Immunopathology of psoriasis.
AB  - Immunofluorescence (IF) studies by the direct and indirect methods demonstrate
      immunoglobulins and complement bound in vivo in psoriatic scales. The IF pattern
      is comparable to that of stratum corneum antibodies (SCAb) bound in vitro on
      specific substrate, as visualized by the indirect IF method. Formation of immune
      complexes can be responsible for the "squirting papilla" phenomenon, and
      conversion of the stratum corneum - which is normally an inaccessible antigen -
      into its reactive form seems to be brought about by proteases of
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Stimulation of protease production by
      polymorphonuclears appears to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of
      psoriasis. The stratum corneum of the epidermis is probably the target, and
      becomes an antigen for SCAb present in the circulation.

PMID- 375846
TI  - [The value of electron microscopy in the diagnosis of non tumoral brain diseases
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 375847
TI  - Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with levamisole: long-term results and immune
      changes.
AB  - We treated 29 rheumatoid arthritis patients with levamisole. on the basis of a
      25% improvement in any 3 of 6 measurements 95% of the patients had a favourable
      response within 20 weeks. However, 64% of the patients discontinued levamisole by
      40 to 60 weeks because of rash or secondary treatment failures. Delayed skin
      reactivity to streptokinase-streptodornase increased significantly in the entire
      treatment group, but there was in inverse correlation between skin test
      enhancement and clinical response. There was no overall change in lymphocytes
      response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) after 4 and 16 weeks of treatment, but
      seven patients with enhanced lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA experienced an
      earlier clinical response to levamisole. Treatment with levamisole frequently
      results in clinical improvement in rheumatoid arthritis, but this is not clearly
      related to a stimulatory effect on cell-mediated immunity. Its long-term
      usefulness may be limited by a high incidence of relapse and rash.

PMID- 375848
TI  - Indomethacin in rheumatoid arthritis: clinical effects, pharmacokinetics, and
      platelet studies in responders and nonresponders.
AB  - Twenty patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis entered and
      completed a sequential study of placebo for 1 week, oral indomethacin 25 mg 3
      times a day for 3 weeks, and oral indomethacin 25 mg 3 times a day plus 100 mg
      indomethacin suppository at night for 3 weeks. Twelve of the patients had
      previously been classified as responders and eight as nonresponders to
      indomethacin by an independent assessor. At the end of each period patients were
      assessed by a blind observer for duration of morning stiffness, pain score,
      digital joint size, grip strength, articular index, analgesic tablet usage, and
      the patient's own overall global assessment and comparative global assessment. In
      8 of the 9 tests used responders improved on indomethacin in comparison with
      placebo, while nonresponders did not improve. There were no significant
      differences between responders and nonresponders in the plasma half-life, plasma
      clearance of indomethacin, protein binding of indomethacin, or urinary excretion
      of free or conjugated indomethacin. There were no significant differences between
      responders and nonresponders in the urinary excretion of 7HDPA or in the platelet
      aggregation or platelet malonyldialdehyde production tests. In responders there
      was a significant positive correlation between the plasma indomethacin
      concentration (r=0.44, P<0.05) and the percentage inhibition of malonyldialdehyde
      production by the platelets. However, in nonresponders this correlation, while
      significant (P<0.05), was negative (r=-0.498). Both for responders and
      nonresponders there was a significant correlation between plasma indomethacin
      concentration and the percentage reduction in 7HDPA. There was no correlation
      between the clinical response and the plasma concentration of indomethacin. There
      appears to be a biochemical difference between responders and nonresponders,
      which, while not necessarily causally linked with the clinical response to
      indomethacin, is worthy of further study.

PMID- 375849
TI  - Diflunisal in osteoarthrosis of the hip and knee.
AB  - Diflunisal (750 mg per day) has been compared with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)
      (3000 mg per day) in the treatment of osteoarthrosis of the hip and knee in a
      double-blind, randomised, multicentre, outpatient study. Thirty-one patients
      entered the diflunisal group and 29 the ASA group. The response of the 2 groups
      was comparable, but the incidence of side effects was higher in the ASA group. At
      the end of the 12-week period more patients in the diflunisal group chose to
      remain in a further, open study.

PMID- 375850
TI  - Naproxen in juvenile chronic polyarthritis.
AB  - Naproxen at 10 mg per kg body weight was compared with aspirin at 80 mg per kg
      body weight in children suffering from juvenile chronic polyarthritis. It was
      found to be as effective as aspirin, with certainly no more and possibly fewer
      gastrointestinal side effects. A long-term tolerance study up to 12 months
      confirmed that naproxed was a satisfactory nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in
      the management of various types of juvenile chronic arthritis.

PMID- 375851
TI  - How long should long be? Long-term trials in rheumatic diseases.
AB  - In the interests of the safety of patients it is necessary to collect long-term
      clinical data. It is often assumed that the longer the trial the better. However,
      the longer the trial the more scientific compromises are necessary if it is to be
      carried out in a practical way. Because the therapeutic efficacy of and tolerance
      to the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac was established after 6
      months' trial the optimal duration for a comparative long-term trial of this
      preparation is 6 months. The small amount of information gained from trials of
      diclofenac longer than this did not justify the reduction in quality of trial
      design and performance that they required. Thus it would appear that at least for
      1 antirheumatic drug the assumption that 'the longer the trial the better' is not
      true.

PMID- 375852
TI  - Experimental pulmonary edema. The effect of unilateral PEEP on the accumulation
      of lung water.
AB  - The effect of PEEP in retarding the development of pulmonary edema produced by
      elevation of left atrial (LA) pressure to 25cm water was studied in dogs, Using
      two synchronized volume respirators connected to a double lumen endotracheal
      tube, 10 or 25cm H2O PEEP was applied to one lung while the contralateral lung
      was ventilated with an equal tidal volume without PEEP. LA pressure was then
      elevated by inflating a Foley catheter ballon in the LA until the desired LA
      pressure was reached. After three hours of pulmonary edema with ventilation of
      one lung with PEEP lung water was quantitated by wet-to-dry weights. There were
      no differences in wet to dry weights of PEEP and nonPEEP lungs at either 10 or
      25cm H2O level. Additional blood flow studies showed that 25cm H2O of PEEP
      reduced blood flow to the PEEP lung by 25% and to the nonPEEP lung by 7%. This
      study shows that PEEP will not mechanically retard the accumulation of lung water
      due to increased pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure.

PMID- 375854
TI  - Presidential address: the woman in the case. Jane Todd Crawford, 1763--1842.
AB  - The 1978 Presidential Address of the Southern Surgical Association is dedicated
      to the wives of the members, past and present, in acknowledgment and appreciation
      of the enduring contribution that they have made to the quality and character of
      this association.

PMID- 375853
TI  - Factors determining the mortality and morbidity in hepatic injuries. Analysis of
      108 cases.
AB  - The experience with 108 cases of hepatic injuries was reviewed retrospectively
      and a classification based on the severity of the hepatic injury was used to
      group these patients accordingly. Using this criteria, the factors determining
      the observed morbidity and mortality were analyzed. Hepatic injuries amenable to
      relatively simple surgical treatment were found in 72 patients (67%). Nine deaths
      occurring in this group were attributed to the commonly encountered associated
      injuries inside and outside the abdomen. Moderately severe imjuries requiring
      suturing of the hepatic parenchyma and ligation of injured vessels and bile ducts
      were seen in 15 patients (14%). Two of these patients died. Severe hepatic
      injuries resulting in major blood loss requiring partial hepatectomy were seen in
      21 patients (19%). Seven of the eight deaths (7.4%) attributable to the hepatic
      injury occurred in this group. As noted, ten other patients died from causes
      other than the hepatic injury for an overall mortality of 16.7%. A pre
      established patient management program based on the classification of hepatic
      injuries is proposed as a method for improving the management of patients with
      hepatic injuries.

PMID- 375855
TI  - The role of HLA tissue matching in cadaveric kidney transplantation.
AB  - The role of HLA match in donor--recipient selection has been studied in 271
      patients who received cadaver transplants during a 10-year period. This series
      included 36 four-antigen matches, 181 three-antigen matches and 54 two-antigen
      matches. Our results support the concept that better results can be expected when
      better matched kidneys are utilized for transplantation.

PMID- 375856
TI  - A diagnostic approach to the adult with fever of unknown origin.
AB  - The evaluation of the condition of a patient with fever of unknown origin
      requires a knowledge of those disorders that produce this syndrome, an awareness
      of the potential significance of subtle findings in the history and physical
      examination, and an appreciation of the value in this clinical setting of
      specific diagnostic procedures. In this report, we review these aspects of fever
      of unknown origin and outline a diagnostic approach to the persistently febrile
      patient.

PMID- 375857
TI  - Albuterol and isoproterenol in bronchial asthma. Efficacy and toxicity of drugs
      administered via intermittent positive pressure breathing.
AB  - This study compared the efficacy and side effects of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 mg
      of albuterol and isoproterenol hydrochloride administered by intermittent
      positive pressure breathing (IPPB) to 12 patients with reversible airway
      obstruction. Equal doses of the two medications induced similar peak increases in
      pulmonary function, but the increase following albuterol persisted longer. The
      degree of bronchodilation was impressive; 15 mg of albuterol induced a mean
      increase over six hours of 82% in the forced expiratory volume in one second.
      Significant cardiovascular side effects were more common after isoproterenol than
      after albuterol. Albuterol is superior to isoproterenol as a bronchodilator when
      administered by IPPB because, for a given peak bronchodilation, cardiovascular
      side effects are fewer and bronchodilation persists longer with albuterol. The
      optimal dose of isoproterenol hydrochloride is 2.5 to 5.0 mg and the optimal dose
      of albuterol is 10 mg when these drugs are given by IPPB.

PMID- 375858
TI  - Oropharyngeal candidiasis treated with a troche form of clotrimazole.
AB  - A randomized double-blind trial was conducted to assess the local effectiveness
      and safety of a troche form of clotrimazole in the treatment of oropharyngeal
      candidiasis in cancer patients. One half of the patients received one 10-mg
      troche and the other half received one 50-mg troche, five times a day for two
      weeks. Clinical cures were observed in 50 episodes, resulting in a cure rate of
      96%. The median duration of oropharyngeal candidiasis after the start of therapy
      was three days in those treated with the 50-mg troche and four days in those who
      had received the 10-mg troche. Side effects were minimal, and only one patient
      experienced nausea and abdominal pain. Both the 10-mg and 50-mg troches appear to
      be efficacious and safe, but the 50-mg dose may be preferable because it is
      somewhat more effective without additional toxicity.

PMID- 375860
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Emil Weinig, 7 July 1904 - 1 January 1979].

PMID- 375859
TI  - High blood pressure. A side effect of drugs, poisons, and food.
AB  - Arterial hypertension, either transient or persistent, may be induced or
      aggravated by ingestion of various chemical agents, such as drugs, poisons, and
      food. Most of these agents either cause sodium retention and expand extracellular
      fluid volume or act as direct or indirect sympathomimetics. Others act directly
      on arteriolar smooth muscle. For a few agents, no precise mechanism has been
      ascertained. Hypertensive reactions may also occur as a result of drug
      interactions or food and drug interactions. In addition, paradoxical increases in
      pressure may be encountered during or after discontinuance of antihypertensive
      therapy. In general, these pressure increases are small and transient; however, a
      few have been associated with severe hypertension involving encephalopathy,
      strokes, and irreversible renal failure. Careful review of a patient's drug
      regimen, including over-the-counter preparations, may avoid chemically induced
      hypertension. Identification of any offending or incriminating agent will prevent
      the labeling of a chronic illness and obviate the need for lifelong
      antihypertensive therapy.

PMID- 375861
TI  - Pulvomycin, an inhibitor of prokaryotic protein biosynthesis.
AB  - Antibiotic 1063-Z isolated from culture fluids of Streptoverticillium mobaraense
      was identified as pulvomycin. Pulvomycin was observed to inhibit protein
      biosynthesis in growing cells of Bacillus brevis. The poly(U)-directed poly(Phe)
      synthesis in cell-free systems of Bacillus brevis and Escherichia coli was highly
      susceptible to the antibiotic. Pulvomycin did not affect the transfer of Phe to
      tRNA. The results suggest that the target of pulvomycin action is the polypeptide
      chain elongation.

PMID- 375863
TI  - [Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Apropos of one case with functional respiratory
      studies].

PMID- 375862
TI  - [5 years of sectorial psychiatry at the Psychiatric Hospital of Conjo, Santiago
      de Compostela].

PMID- 375864
TI  - [Determination of fetal infectious risk by bacteriological examination of the
      amniotic fluid after premature rupture of the membranes].
AB  - Amniotic fluid was obtained per vagina from 228 mothers with premature rupture of
      the membranes and examined bacteriologically. The aim was to assess the
      importance of amniotic fluid contamination and the risk of foetal infection in
      the absence of systematic antibiotic therapy in the mothers. The incidence of
      amniotic fluid contamination was apparently greater in those mothers who had
      received antibiotics although the proportion of neonates with a true infection
      (3%) was almost identical. The absence of selection of resistant organisms is
      indicated by the marked preponderance of streptococci and the scarcity of Gram
      negative enterobacteriacae. Thus it is reasonable not to give systemic
      antibiotics but to culture the amniotic fluid. Infection can then be anticipated
      and in affected neonates the appropriate therapy started immediately.

PMID- 375866
TI  - Application of a combined rosette-fluorescent test in studies on leukemia cells.
AB  - In 13 healthy blood donors and 42 patients with leukemia and lymphosarcoma, the
      combined rosette-fluorescent test allowed simultaneous evaluation of peripheral
      blood lymphocytes and leukemia cells for presence of membrane immunoglobulins and
      sheep erythrocyte receptors. In healthy subjects, the mean value for T cells was
      68 +/- 9%, for B cells 16 +/- 5%, for nonreceptor cells 15 +/- 8%, and for cells
      possessing both markers 0.6 +/-0.8%. In cases of acute leukemia, nonreceptor
      cells predominated (59 +/-24%), and values for T cells were usually low (19 +/-
      13%). In chronic lymphocytic leukemias and lymphosarcoma, B and "null" cells
      usually predominated more or less. In all patients values for double-receptor
      cells were low. The combined test proved to be a convenient method for
      simultaneous evaluation of both markers. It is also useful for recognizing
      blastic leukemia cells devoid of both receptors and for determing values for T
      and B lymphocytes.

PMID- 375865
TI  - Clozapine, chlorpromazine, and placebo in newly hospitalized, acutely
      schizophrenic patients: a controlled, double-blind comparison.
AB  - Clozapine is a unique compound belonging to a relatively new group of
      antipsychotic agents, the dibenzazepines. To our knowledge, the present study
      represents the first double-blind, controlled comparison recorded in the United
      States. The data suggest that clozapine in the present population of newly
      admitted, acutely psychotic schizophrenic individuals, and in the doses employed,
      was more effective in overall improvement response, discharge rate, and
      ameliorating discrete symptoms across the different objective rating scales used
      than was chlorpromazine (Thorazine) hydrochloride. Placebo was ineffective.
      Unlike chlorpromazine, no extrapyramidal reactions occurred in those patients
      ingesting clozapine. Clozapine was also beneficial in reversing abnormal
      involuntary motor movements. It is an excellent anxiolytic and hypnotic agent.
      Sedation, hypotension, and hypersalivation are among the more common side effects
      observed.

PMID- 375867
TI  - A one-stage test for simultaneous study of migration inhibition factor of
      peripheral leukocytes (LIF) and migration inhibition factor of mouse spleen cells
      (MSIF).
AB  - A one-stage modification of the test of the migration inhibition is described,
      which permits stimultaneous study of the factor influencing in vitro migration of
      peripheral blood leukocytes and mouse spleen cells. The results of this correlate
      with the results of the two-stage test.

PMID- 375868
TI  - The influence of daunomycin on development of Yoshida sarcoma after nonspecific
      stimulation of the immunologic system.
AB  - Injection of BCG in rats inoculated with Yoshida sarcoma had no influence on the
      development of the tumor or survival time of the rats in comparison with the
      control group. On the other hand, survival time was increased more than threefold
      in a group of rats injected with daunomycin in a single dose of 1 mg/kg i.p.
      Longest survival and lowest mortality were observed in a group of rats treated
      with daunomycin and BCG, in which survival time was six times longer than in the
      controls, and mortality after 50 days was 30% lower, and after 100 days even 50%
      lower than in the group of rats that were treated only with daunomycin.

PMID- 375869
TI  - Effect of freezing conditions in liquid nitrogen on biological properties of
      Treponema pallidum.
AB  - The influence of various conditions of freezing in liquid nitrogen on the
      motility, virulence, antigens, and immunogenicity of Treponema pallidum was
      studied. The suspending medium, rate of freezing, kind and concentration of
      cryprotector, and duration of preincubation with cryoprotector were found to be
      critical. On the basis of the results obtained the optimal conditions of freezing
      of T. pallidum in liquid nitrogen were established. These are: the Nelson
      Diesendruck medium with the addition of 10% DMSO; freezing rate 1 degree per min,
      and thawing rate between 12.6 degrees and 120 degrees per min.

PMID- 375870
TI  - Effect of immunosuppressive agents on the course of experimental syphilis in
      rabbits.
AB  - Rabbits infected intradermally with T. pallidum at four sites on the clipped back
      were treated with cyclophosphamide, 1 mg/kg body weight, twice before and every
      two days after inoculation for five months, or 5-fluorouracil 2.5 mg/kg body
      weight, according to the same regimen. Humoral response, as measured repeatedly
      by VDRL, FTA, and hemagglutination tests, was not affected by the application of
      the immunosuppressors. In contrast, the cell-mediated response, as determined by
      the Macrophage Migration Inhibition test was completely abolished in the treated
      rabbits. In the group of rabbits which were given immunosuppressors, syphilitic
      lesions appeared not only at the challenge sites, as usual, but also multiple
      multiform lesions developed over the entire dorsum after healing of the primary
      lesions. Taking into account the fact that abolishment of the cell-mediated
      response led to an aggravated course of the syphilitic infection, the results of
      these experiments were interpreted as indicating the protective role of the cell
      mediated response in syphilis.

PMID- 375871
TI  - Isolation and characterization of low molecular weight antibodies for Treponema
      pallidum.
AB  - A low molecular weight antibody which coated Treponema pallidum without producing
      any apparent reaction was isolated from human syphilitic serum. Its
      electrophoretic mobility was that of IgG immunoglobulins, and molecular weight
      was between 115,000 and 120,000.

PMID- 375872
TI  - Doctor docent Lydia Mesrobeanu 1908--1978.

PMID- 375874
TI  - Recent notes on the mechanism of the Proteus swarming phenomenon. A review.

PMID- 375873
TI  - Doctor Docent Gheorghe Istrati 1898--1978.

PMID- 375875
TI  - Acute rejection episodes and long-term transplant function.
AB  - From 1974 to 1976, 114 kidneys transplanted to 108 patients underwent acute
      rejection episodes. With repeated rejections there was an increased likelihood of
      recovery without subsequent rejections, eg, 59% of kidneys that had three
      rejections regained prolonged good function. Repetitive rejections did not
      increase mortality. Discriminate analysis of the best serum creatinine level or
      creatinine clearance within 30 days of rejection and the time interval between
      rejection episodes correctly predicted the outcome of second rejections in 20/25
      cases and correctly predicted the outcome of third rejections in 23/29 cases.
      Treatment of a third rejection was successful in 70% of kidneys if the best serum
      creatinine level was less than 2 mg/dL after the second rejection and was
      successful in 77% of kidneys if the time interval between second and third
      rejections was longer than one month.

PMID- 375876
TI  - Hepatic dysfunction during isoniazid chemoprophylaxis in renal allograft
      recipients.
AB  - Hepatitis is a frequent complication of dialysis and renal transplantation;
      therefore, the occurrence of drug hepatotoxicity is an additional important
      consideration in renal allograft recipients. Azathioprine, needed for
      immunosuppression, and isoniazid, used for antituberculous chemoprophylaxis, are
      both potentially hepatotoxic. A retrospective study of 119 patients who received
      126 renal allografts was done to estimate the probable incidence of isoniazid
      related hepatic dysfunction. All patients in this series were administered
      isoniazid chemoprophylaxis. Posttransplantation hepatitis developed in 13
      patients. Circumstantial evidence supported a presumptive diagnosis of isoniazid
      hepatotoxicity in three recipients. We concluded that routine isoniazid
      chemoprophylaxis is not justified in renal allograft recipients based on the
      probability of hepatotoxicity as contrasted to the infrequent occurrence of
      tuberculosis.

PMID- 375877
TI  - A simple technique for precise small vessel suture.

PMID- 375878
TI  - David C. H. Sun, M.D, 1922--1979.

PMID- 375879
TI  - [Morphology of the pancreas in peptic ulcer and the complications of stomach
      resection].
AB  - Morphological examinations of 115 biopsies of the pancreas showed the peptic
      ulcer and postgastroresection complications not to be the leading factors in the
      etiology of the pancreatic pathology. Gastric resection does not favour the
      affection of the pancreas but may aggravate the existing morphological lesions.
      Despite the lack of crude histological changes in the pancreatic gland in peptic
      ulcer, ultrastructural signs of a high functional intensity of acinary cells were
      found which may also be regarded as pathological manifestations. Most marked
      changes of the histostructure of the pancreatic gland were found in peptic ulcer
      of the gastroenteroanastomosis. A difference in the A-cell content of pancreatic
      insulae before and after gastric resection was found. As the pancreatic tissue is
      frequently intact in the afferent loop syndrome, the leading role of
      duodenostasis in chronic affection of the pancreatic gland may be disputed.

PMID- 375880
TI  - Tapia's syndrome. The erratic evolution of an eponym.
AB  - The syndrome first described in 1904 by the Spanish otolaryngologist, Antonio
      Garcia Tapia, has been variously interpreted by subsequent authors such that
      there is little current agreement as to the site of the lesion responsible for
      the condition or the specific symptoms included in this disorder. The confusion
      arose in part because Tapia's original patient had associated neurologic
      findings. Careful review of Tapia's reports reveals (1) that he regarded the
      syndrome as consisting of ipsilateral hemiplegia of the larynx and tongue with
      normal function of the soft palate and (2) that he believed the lesion resulting
      in these signs was outside the CNS.

PMID- 375881
TI  - Treatment of Duchenne's muscular dystrophy with penicillamine. Results of a
      double-blind trial.
AB  - Eleven boys with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, randomly assigned to placebo
      (group A, n = 6) or penicillamine treatment (group B, n = 5), received three
      capsules per day containing lactose or 250 mg of penicillamine. All patients
      received pyridoxine, 50 mg daily. Mean age at entrance into study was similar for
      both groups (group A , 86.7 +/- 31.6 months; group B, 95.4 +/- 43.4 months).
      Clinical status was assessed with timed functional activities, manometric
      measurements of muscle force, and manual muscle testing. After 14 to 16 months of
      treatment, statistical analysis (analysis of variance) of data disclosed no
      significant differences in the overall performance of the two groups. A longer
      duration trial, involving younger patients, is needed to determine whether there
      are palliative effects of penicillamine or other potentially therapeutic agents.

PMID- 375882
TI  - Effects of cerebellectomy on eye movements in man.
AB  - A patient with a right hemicerebellectomy and recurrence of a tumor on the left
      cerebellar hemisphere was examined regarding oculomotor and vestibuloocular
      functions. The findings were as follows: inability to maintain eccentric gaze;
      defective smooth pursuit system; failure to suppress by visual fixation the
      nystagmus induced by sinusoidal horizontal rotations; moderate increase of the
      vestibulo-ocular reflex gain when rotated in the dark; relative preservation of
      the slow phases of the optokinetic nystagmus, as compared to the slow phases
      induced by tracking a pendulum; decreased gain of the vestibulo-ocular reflex
      when rotated with the lights on fixating the environment; square wave jerks; and
      no saccadic dysmetria.

PMID- 375883
TI  - Comparative trial of valproate sodium and clonazepam in chronic epilepsy.
AB  - A crossover comparative study of valproate sodium and clonazepam in the treatment
      of 32 adult epileptic patients receiving multiple drug therapy is described.
      Serum concentrations of other anticonvulsant drugs were unchanged by the addition
      of clonazepam. However, patients receiving high doses of other anticonvulsant
      drugs had lower serum concentrations of clonazepam (p less than .01). With
      valproate sodium, phenobarbital concentrations increased (P less than .05) in
      patients receiving phenobarbital but not significantly in patients receiving
      primidone. Phenytoin concentrations were reduced (P less than .05) during
      treatment with valproate sodium. Both drugs significantly reduced the frequency
      of minor seizures, with valproate sodium having the greater effect. However, it
      is important to monitor serum concentrations of other anticonvulsant drugs during
      treatment with valproate sodium since changes in these may influence seizure
      control or cause side effects.

PMID- 375884
TI  - Ophthalmology and philately: I. Ophthalmologists on stamps.--Frans Cornelius
      Donders (1818-1889).

PMID- 375885
TI  - Limulus lysate assay for early detection of certain Gram-negative corneal
      infections.
AB  - The limulus endotoxin assay has been previously demonstrated to be the most
      sensitive method available for detection of bacterial endotoxin. A commercially
      available form of limulus amoebocyte lysate was used in this study for detection
      of Gram-negative corneal infections in both experimental animals and in a group
      of nine patients. The limulus assay enabled rapid detection of Gram-negative
      infections in both the experimentally induced ulcers in rabbits and in the
      patients studied. False-positive reactions did not occur in corneal infections
      due to either Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, or herpes simplex keratitis. The
      limulus test proved to be more sensitive than examination of Gram-stained smears
      of corneal scrapings and became positive earlier than bacterial cultures. The
      limulus test was helpful in the diagnosis of partially antibiotic-treated corneal
      infections but could not be used to assess the response to antimicrobial therapy,
      since endotoxin persisted in the corneal scrapings for some time after initiation
      of therapy.

PMID- 375886
TI  - Corneal ulceration secondary to intestinal Shigella sonnei.
AB  - A 34-month-old boy had a corneal ulcer due to Shigella sonnei. To my knowledge,
      this is the first documented case reported where the same organism was recovered
      from the stool. One other case of S sonnei and two cases of S flexneri corneal
      ulcers have appeared in the literature. All cases have been in young black boys
      between the ages of 23 months and 6 years. The exact pathogenesis remains
      unclear, but direct fecalocular inoculation into a preexisting epithelial defect,
      a probable herpetic dendrite in this case, is most likely.

PMID- 375887
TI  - Bone formation in a periosteal graft.
AB  - Bone formation occurred in periosteal graft that was used to anchor a Cardona
      keratoprosthesis.

PMID- 375888
TI  - Ophthalmology and philately: I. Ophthalmologists on stamps.--Jacques Daviel (1693
      1762).

PMID- 375889
TI  - Vertical mattress suture for strabismus resection operation.
AB  - The suturing technique for strabismus resection has been simplified with the use
      of a single double-armed suture in the form of a vertical mattress. Synthetic
      ophthalmic suture material has made this technique still more desirable because
      of the tensile strength and tissue-gripping characteristics of these materials.

PMID- 375890
TI  - Slit-lamp attachment for examination of donor corneas in McCarey-Kaufman medium.
AB  - An attachment permits slit-lamp examination of excised donor cornea in McCarey
      Kaufman medium. The bottle that contains the excised cornea is placed in a holder
      and examined with the slit lamp by means of a mirror placed at a 45 degree angle.
      This mirror reflects the slit beam up through the bottom of the bottle. This
      allows accurate examination of the donor cornea in a stable manner that was not
      previously possible.

PMID- 375891
TI  - Frank Burton Walsh. 1895--1978.

PMID- 375892
TI  - Determinants of graft clarity in penetrating kerotoplasty.
AB  - A total of 240 consecutive penetrating keratoplasties with a minimum six months'
      follow-up were examined to determine the influence of preoperative prognosis,
      donor age, death-enucleation time, death-surgery time, and surgical experience on
      graft clarity. Graft results, classified as clear, nebulous, or edematous, were
      compared within two prognostic categories in aphakic, combined, and phakic
      keratoplasty groups. Preoperative prognostic groups and surgical experience
      appeared to be most important in affecting graft clarity, whereas the donor age,
      death-enucleation time, and death-surgery time seemed to have little effect.

PMID- 375893
TI  - Aponeurotic ptosis surgery.
AB  - The recognition of defects in the levator aponeurosis associated with a renewed
      interest in eyelid anatomy has led to a revival of aponeurotic surgery. We
      describe our approach with emphasis on techniques that help obtain and maintain
      avascular planes throughout surgery. The advantages of this approach include
      preservation of (1) tear-producing structures, (2) Muller's muscle and Whitnall's
      ligament, and (3) normal anatomical planes and structures of the eyelid. Our
      results indicate that this technique is the procedure of choice for acquired
      ptosis cases. It also gives good results in congenital ptosis cases with at least
      5 mm of function. Overcorrection at surgery is necessary in all cases. Tucking of
      the aponeurosis is to be avoided as no raw healing surfaces are obtained. Results
      in 60 eyelids with a minimum follow-up of one year are presented.

PMID- 375894
TI  - Mass culture of human corneal endothelial cells.
AB  - Human corneal endothelial cells have been grown in mass culture for the first
      time to our knowledge. Cultures from donors who were under 20 years of age grew
      well. Cells from older donors were difficult to grow or did not grow at all.
      Initial outgrowth usually began one week after explantation. After an initial lag
      phase, mass increased by 15% weekly, and confluency was approached in eight to
      nine weeks. The lag phase of growth correlated with the age of the donor. A basal
      lamina was secreted by human corneal endothelial cells in culture. Chromosomal
      counts demonstrated a modal number of 46. With this technique, sufficient human
      corneal endothelial cells may be obtained for biochemical investigation.

PMID- 375895
TI  - Origin of the retrocorneal membrane in the rabbit.
AB  - Electron microscopic studies have offered presumptive evidence that the origin of
      both cellular and extracellular components of the retrocorneal membrane (RCM)
      derive from corneal endothelial cells. In an attempt to demonstrate conclusively
      the origin of the cell in the RCM, we performed 8-mm exchange, penetrating
      keratoplasties between male and female rabbits. After allowing for complete
      healing and using only clear corneas, we produced central RCM by freezing the
      central cornea after inducing intraocular inflammation. Care was taken to ensure
      that the membrane was surrounded by normal donor endothelium and Descemet's
      membrane was intact. Sex chromatin counts of the cells in the RCM of a female
      host with a male graft showed an average of 2% Barr bodies. Cells in the membrane
      of a male host with a female graft showed an average of 40% Barr bodies. The
      experimental and control sex chromatin counts were almost identical. This study
      provides conclusive evidence that central retrocorneal, fibroblast-like cells and
      membranes in rabbits are derived from corneal endothelial cells.

PMID- 375896
TI  - [Lengthening of the occlusal curve in relation to the radiologic axis of rotation
      and head of the mandible].

PMID- 375898
TI  - [Acid etch in dentistry. VIII--Action of the acid on dentin and remineralization
      of the enamel].

PMID- 375899
TI  - [Direct technique for obtaining of resin mold for cast dowel in short weak roots,
      for metallic ceramic crowns].

PMID- 375897
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of new chemical substance for root canal irrigation].

PMID- 375901
TI  - [Objectives and requirements of fixed prosthesis. III].

PMID- 375900
TI  - [Gradual application of wax on primary teeth].

PMID- 375902
TI  - The maxillo-septal syndrome and temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
AB  - The results of twenty patients treated for the maxillo-septal syndrome and
      associated temporomandibular joint dysfunction are reported as well as the method
      of treatment. The treatment plan included rapid maxillary expansion with either a
      fixed or removable appliance, retention of the increased maxillary width with a
      Hawley retainer, simultaneous increase in mandibular width with a Crozat
      appliance. Finally the occlusion was equilibrated. Certain cases are discussed in
      detail and maxillary expansion was usually restricted to between 1 . 0 and 2 . 0
      mm.

PMID- 375903
TI  - Protection of mice against plasmodium and babesia infections: attempts to raise
      host-protective sera.
AB  - In an attempt to generate large numbers of mice resistant to Plasmodium berghei
      and Babesia rodhaini to be used as donors of antibody-secreting cells for
      hybridoma production, various methods of inducing resistance to repeated
      challenge with infected blood cells have been explored. Although results of
      independent experiments varied markedly, prior injection of CBA/M mice with BCG,
      and prior infection of BALB/c mice with Plasmodium yoelii, were found to be
      manipulations capable of inducing resistance to P. berghei. A single dose of
      serum, harvested from resistant mice challenged several times with P. berghei,
      could transfer resistance against P. berghei to a proportion of naive CBA/H
      recipients. Although resistance to multiple B. rodhaini challenge could be
      induced in mice, in no situation was a host protective effect of a single high
      dose of serum demonstrated in naive recipients.

PMID- 375904
TI  - Transfer of mouse IgG2 production by IgM-bearing spleen cells separated by a
      fluorescence-activated cell sorter.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to determine whether at least some splenic B
      lymphocytes can switch from the synthesis of one isotype of immunoglobulin to
      another during B cell differentiation. The experimental system invovled the
      transfer of characterized cell suspensions between allotype congenic strains of
      mice followed by analysis in the recipient for donor type immunoglobulin
      production. Donor splenic lymphocytes were incubated with specific fluorescent
      labelled anti-mu antiserum and passed through the Los Alamos fluorescence
      activated cell sorter; mu-depleted cell suspensions were transferred into
      sublethally irradiated congenic recipients and the amount of donor type
      immunoglobulin of IgG2 type was measured at weekly intervals. The results
      demonstrated taht at least some cell bearing membrane bound IgM can differentiate
      in vivo into IgG2-secreting cells, although not all IgG2-secreting cells have
      been recently derived from IgM positive precursors.

PMID- 375905
TI  - Induction of long-term tolerance in the quokka (Setonix brachyurus) by thymus and
      skin allografts into early pouch young.
AB  - Intact quokkas (Setonix brachyurus) were grafted with thymus and skin as
      neonates. Fifty seven percent of primary thymus grafts persisted when donors were
      less than 32 days of age, compared with only 20% when the dornors were juveniles.
      This suggested that neonatal tissue was more readily accepted than tissue from
      adult animals. When the recipients had left the pouch, induced tolerance was
      tested by grafting thymus and skin from the original donors. Second thymus grafts
      were generally unsuccessful; however, second skin grafts were accepted and
      remained intact over the three-year period of observation, provided that the
      hosts were less than about 40 days of age at the time the first graft were
      placed.

PMID- 375906
TI  - Antibacterial activity of murine spleen cell extract.
AB  - Exposure to a peptide extract from murine spleen reduced the viable count of E.
      coli and E. coli spheroplasts. The reduction in viable count was reflected by
      reduced incorporation of radiolabelled thymidine and was apparently due to a loss
      of the ability of treated ogranisms to divide.

PMID- 375907
TI  - Louis Bauer: founder of the Aerospace Medical Association and its journal.

PMID- 375908
TI  - The first 50 years of the Aerospace Medical Association: highlights from the
      Association's journal.

PMID- 375909
TI  - The history of civil aviation medicine in the United States Government since
      1926.

PMID- 375910
TI  - The early development of aviation medicine in the United States.

PMID- 375911
TI  - Eagle Rock to Concorde: 90 to 1,350 mph.

PMID- 375912
TI  - Association presidents review their terms in office.

PMID- 375913
TI  - The Aerospace Physiologist Society.

PMID- 375914
TI  - Airlines Medical Directors Association.

PMID- 375915
TI  - Flight Nurse Section--past, present, future.

PMID- 375916
TI  - The Life Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Branch (LSBEB) of the Aerospace
      Medical Association.

PMID- 375917
TI  - The Society of United States Air Force Flight Surgeons.

PMID- 375918
TI  - The Space Medicine Branch of the Aerospace Medical Association.

PMID- 375919
TI  - The Aerospace Medical Association of the Philippines.

PMID- 375920
TI  - The Aviation Medical Association, Republic of China.

PMID- 375921
TI  - The Canadian Society of Aviation Medicine.

PMID- 375922
TI  - The Civil Aviation Medical Association.

PMID- 375923
TI  - The German Aerospace Medical Association.

PMID- 375924
TI  - The Latin American Association of Aviation and Space Medicine.

PMID- 375925
TI  - The Society of U.S. Army Flight Surgeons.

PMID- 375927
TI  - The Society of U.S. Naval Flight Surgeons.

PMID- 375926
TI  - The Society of NASA Flight Surgeons.

PMID- 375928
TI  - The South African Aerospace Medical Society.

PMID- 375929
TI  - The Wives' Wing: we've come a long way.

PMID- 375930
TI  - Corporate members and designees.

PMID- 375931
TI  - The effects of relaxation instructions on drinking behavior in the presence of
      stress.

PMID- 375932
TI  - [Experiments on the induction of ovulation in the mare, using a synthetic
      releasing-hormone analog].

PMID- 375933
TI  - Convolution analysis of transcription by yeast DNA-dependent ribonucleic acid
      polymerase A. A mathematical method for studying ribonucleic acid chain
      elongation.
AB  - The rate of initiation of RNA synthesis catalysed by yeast RNA polymerase A on
      native calf thymus DNA decayed exponentially with a half-life of about 4.3 min.
      The rate constant for initiation was unaffected by preincubating the enzyme with
      DNA, or by decreasing the concentration of GTP 4-fold. The rate of RNA synthesis
      was constant for 15--20 min and then decreased. Each enzyme molecule made no more
      than one RNA molecule. In this situation, initiation, elongation and total RNA
      synthesis are related by a convolution integral. Solution of the convolution
      integral revealed that the rate of elongation was apparently biphasic. Analysis
      of the size of the RNA product showed that this biphasic profile arose because
      most but not all of the enzyme stopped RNA synthesis soon after initiation.

PMID- 375935
TI  - The possible role of diodoquin as a zinc ionophore in the treatment of
      acrodermatitis enteropathica.

PMID- 375934
TI  - Effects of collagen, ionophore A23187 and prostaglandin E1 on the phosphorylation
      of specific proteins in blood platelets.
AB  - Human platelets that had been preincubated with 5-hydroxy[(3)H]tryptamine and
      [(32)P]P(i) were stirred with various agents; the secretion of 5
      hydroxy[(3)H]tryptamine from platelet granules and the radioactivity of platelet
      [(32)P]phosphopolypeptides separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis were then measured. Exposure of the platelets to collagen
      fibres or ionophore A23187 selectively increased the phosphorylation of
      polypeptides with apparent mol.wts. of 47000 (P47) and 20000 (P20) by approx. 3
      fold, in association with the release of 5-hydroxy[(3)H]tryptamine. The 47000
      mol.wt. phosphopolypeptide (P47) was clearly separated from platelet actin by the
      electrophoresis system used. Prostaglandin E(1), which inhibits platelet function
      by increasing platelet cyclic AMP, decreased the phosphorylation of polypeptides
      caused by collagen as well as the release of 5-hydroxy[(3)H]tryptamine.
      Prostaglandin E(1) also selectively increased the phosphorylation of distinct
      polypeptides with apparent mol.wts. of 24000 (P24) and 22000 (P22) by approx. 2
      fold. As the phosphorylation reactions caused by collagen are probably mediated
      by an increase in Ca(2+) concentration in the platelet cytosol and may have a
      role in the release reaction [Haslam & Lynham (1977) Biochem. Biophys. Res.
      Commun.77, 714-722; (1978) Thromb. Res.12, 619-628], we suggest that a cyclic AMP
      dependent phosphorylation of the 24000- and/or 22000-mol.wt. polypeptides caused
      by prostaglandin E(1) may initiate processes that decrease the Ca(2+)
      concentration in the cytosol, so inhibiting both the Ca(2+)-dependent
      phosphorylation reactions and the release reaction. Treatment of platelets with
      prostaglandin E(1) did not inhibit the increased phosphorylation of polypeptides
      with apparent mol.wts. of 47000 and 20000 (P47 and P20) caused by ionophore
      A23187, which may therefore short-circuit cyclic AMP-dependent mechanisms that
      decrease the Ca(2+) concentration in the platelet cytosol. As prostaglandin E(1)
      did inhibit the release of 5-hydroxy[(3)H]tryptamine by ionophore A23187, cyclic
      AMP may also inhibit the release reaction by additional mechanisms.

PMID- 375936
TI  - Metabolism of m-tyrosine in the rat.

PMID- 375938
TI  - Chlorpromazine inhibits phagocytosis and exocytosis in rabbit polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes.

PMID- 375937
TI  - Dantrolene and A13187 ionophore: specific action on calcium channels revealed by
      the aequorin method.

PMID- 375939
TI  - Association of IgG anti-brain antibodies with central nervous system dysfunction
      in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Sera from 20 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and active central
      nervous system (CNS) dysfunction were examined by indirect immunofluorescence for
      antibodies to neuronal membrane determinants. Warm-reactive IgG antibodies were
      demonstrable in 82% (9/11) of patients with clinical evidence for seizures or
      diffuse CNS disease, but these antibodies generally were absent in non-CNS SLE
      sera or when focal neurologic deficit or psychosis was the primary CNS
      manifestation. Cold-reactive antibodies of the IgM class were equally prevalent
      in patients with or without CNS disease and appeared to be more directly
      correlated with extra-CNS systemic illness. Absorption experiments with
      lymphocytes, brain homogenate, and various other tissues suggested a predominant
      brain-specificity for IgG antibodies and partial lymphocyte cross-reactivity for
      IgM antibodies. Interpretations of this special association between IgG anti
      brain antibodies and diffuse CNS dysfunction in SLE are discussed.

PMID- 375940
TI  - Circulating immune complexes in mixed connective tissue disease.
AB  - Circulating immune complexes were measured by three assays (monoclonal rheumatoid
      factor radioimmunoassay, C1q-binding assay, Raji cell radioassay) in sera from
      patients with mixed connective tissue disease. Evidence for circulating immune
      complexes was found by at least one method in 94% of sera. The highest frequency
      of positive results was noted by the Raji cell radioassay (88%). However, a
      significant number of patients also had immune complexes measured by the C1q
      binding assay (50%) and monoclonal rheumatoid factor radioimmunoassay (45%).
      Further, the levels of immune complexes are measured by the Raji cell radioassay,
      and to a lesser extent the C1q-binding assay, correlated with disease activity
      and represent a potentially useful clinical tool. The pattern of reactivity in
      mixed connective tissue disease sera differed from rheumatoid arthritis,
      scleroderma, and polymyositis. This suggests that a spectrum of immune complexes
      is found in these rheumatic diseases and supports the concept that mixed
      connective tissue disease is distinct from these diseases.

PMID- 375941
TI  - Cardiopulmonary manifestations of progressive systemic sclerosis: associations
      with circulating immune complexes and fluorescent antinuclear antibodies.
AB  - Sixteen patients with progressive systemic sclerosis were evaluated for
      cardiopulmonary manifestations of their disease and for serologic immune
      abnormalities. Twenty-five percent of patients had abnormal echocardiograms, and
      81% had a significant reduction in pulmonary function by spirometry. Circulating
      immune complexes (IC) were detected in 44% of patients by using a fluorescent
      Raji cell assay, and these patients were more likely to have an abnormal
      echocardiogram (P less than 0.02). Seventy-five percent of the patients had
      fluorescent antinuclear antibodies (FANA) and these patients were more likely to
      have pulmonary disease (P less than 0.01).

PMID- 375942
TI  - Scleroderma after cosmetic surgery: four cases of human adjuvant disease.
AB  - In 9 cases of human adjuvant disease, 4 cases of scleroderma (3 progressive
      systemic sclerosis and 1 localized morphea) were observed. Seven to 19 years
      after injection of foreign substances into the breasts or nose for cosmetic
      purposes, some patients developed human adjuvant disease. In one case the foreign
      substances were removed by bilateral mastectomy with no discernible effects on
      the patient's clinical course. Histopathologic findings of the removed breasts
      demonstrated foreign body granulomas with calcification. The injected substance
      was identified as a mixture of liquid and solid paraffin. Human adjuvant disease
      might be caused by prolonged hypersensitization activated by the injected foreign
      materials which act as an adjuvant.

PMID- 375943
TI  - [Examination of leg volume of patients for determining the therapeutic effect of
      1-phenylephrine hydrochloride (author's transl)].
AB  - Distorsions and other injuries of a more or less grave kind are often found in
      combination with exudative processes. The anti-exudative effect of adequate drugs
      has so far been tested only on the rat paw oedema. As results gained from animal
      tests cannot immediately be applied to man, tests with human subjects were
      carried out. With a device by Diebschlag it has become possible to fulfil the
      demands of a simple but still exact measuring process for quantification of leg
      volumes. 12 subjects with a distorsion of the ankle joint were treated with a gel
      (active substance: 1-phenylephrine HCl) which reduces the volue of the leg and
      with a similar placebo gel, and the effects of both treatments were compared and
      examined. The analysis of data yielded statistically highly significant values
      for the effectivity of the active substance gel.

PMID- 375945
TI  - Sisomicin in surgical infections. Laboratory and clinical studies.
AB  - A clinical and bacteriological study to evaluate the effectiveness and toxicity
      of sisomicin in the treatment of surgical infections is described. Fifteen
      patients received i.m. injections of 150 or 225 mg/day for seven days. The daily
      doses was divided into three applications. The mean serum levels at the first
      hour were 5.26 +/- 2.41 microgram/ml and at the seventh hour 1.0 +/- 1.19
      microgram/ml. Similar values were determined on the seventh day of treatment with
      sisomicin: 6.36 +/- 2.36 microgram/ml one hour, 1.17 +/- 1.67 microgram/ml seven
      hours after i.m. injection. All the microorganisms isolated had MICs below the
      sisomicin levels measured. The clinical results were assessed as "excellent" in
      11 patients. Therapeutic results were considered as "fair" in three patients. The
      clinical conditions of one patient affected by osteomyelitis following
      osteosynthesis of the femur was not improved by treatment. No side effects were
      observed.

PMID- 375944
TI  - [Prolongation of the mitotic life span of diploid human glia cells in a
      quantitative cell culture system by centrophenoxine (author's transl)].
AB  - The accumulation of lipofuscin in postmitotic and reversible postmitotic cells of
      animals and man is an age correlated process. The mechanism of the lipofuscin
      accumulation and the function of lipofuscin in the aging cell is not fully
      understood. The accumulation of lipofuscin in vivo and in vitro can be slowed
      down by the action of centrophenoxine (Helfergin). Diploid cells are the only
      reversible postmitotic cells of man that have a genetically determined limited
      cell division capacity and accumulate lipofuscin in the process of the cellular
      aging in a quantitative cell culture system in vitro. The treatment of diploid
      human glia cells with centrophenoxine results in increasing the cell division
      capacity by 30--40% in vitro. The data demonstrate that the centrophenoxine
      induced inhibition of lipofuscin accumulation has a positive influence on the
      cell metabolism and the mitotic division capacity and causes a delay of the
      cellular aging of the human glia cells in vitro.

PMID- 375947
TI  - [Dr. Heinrich Kollmar on his 80th birthday ].

PMID- 375946
TI  - [Long-term study on a new beta2-sympathicomimetic agent and a combination of an
      oral theophylline-ethylenediamine with retard effect and hexoprenaline (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The effects of a treatment with a new beta2-adrenergic agent (hexoprenaline,
      Etoscol) as well as a combined therapy of theophylline (Euphylin retard) with the
      Etoscol on the total resistance were studied on two groups of patients. The
      therapy resulted in a significant decrease of the total resistance and the
      combined therapy showed an additional decrease of the resistance values.

PMID- 375948
TI  - The antithrombotic activity of BAY g 6575.
AB  - The activity of 1-[2-(beta-naphthyloxy)ethyl]-3-methyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (= BAY g
      6575) was evaluated in models of experimental thrombosis caused by traumatically
      induced damage of vessel segments. After prophylactic administration of BAY g
      6575 (0.3 mg/kg p.o.) to rats the thrombus formation was significantly reduced in
      the carotid artery as well as in the jugular vein. The thrombus formation in the
      femoral arteries of rabbits is inhibited at a minimal effective dose of 1 mg/kg
      p.o. The incidence of occlusive thrombi is not influenced. BAY g 6575 is 10 times
      more potent than acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). In the arterial system the thrombus
      formation is frequently completely abolished.

PMID- 375949
TI  - Effect of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs on some biological activities
      dependent on complement activation.
AB  - The paper presents the results of a study on the action of five non-steroidal
      antiinflammatory agents (phenylbutazone, indometacin, acetylsalicylic acid,
      niflumic and flufenamic acids) on two biological activities which are dependent
      on complement activation: opsonization of bacteria and membrane damage, the
      latter evaluated both with the classic immunohemolytic system and with a
      bactericidal assay. The three biological assays differ for complement sequences
      involved. Flufenamic and niflumic acids showed high inhibitory activity in the
      lytic assays. Human complement was more sensitive to inhibition than guinea-pig
      complement. Phagocytic test confirmed the inhibitory activity of flufenamic acid
      on complement dependent opsonization.

PMID- 375950
TI  - [Dr. Hans Erhard Bock on his 75th birthday].

PMID- 375951
TI  - [Prof. Ernest C. Faust (1890-1978)].

PMID- 375952
TI  - [Computerized analysis of the changes induced with nifedipine in the exercise
      ECG].

PMID- 375953
TI  - Dietary essential fatty acids and prostaglandins in platelet aggregation.

PMID- 375954
TI  - Mutagenicity of inhalation anaesthetics: trichloroethylene, divinyl ether,
      nitrous oxide and cyclopropane.
AB  - The mutagenic potential of trichloroethylene, divinyl ether, nitrous oxide and
      cyclopropane was assessed in vitro by microbial assay employing two histidine
      dependent strains of Salmonella typhimurium, TA1535 and TA100. Anaesthetic agents
      in various concentrations were incubated with bacteria in the presence or absence
      of an enzyme system prepared from enzyme-induced rat liver. Nitrous oxide and
      cyclopropane were not mutagenic, whereas divinyl ether gave a strongly positive
      response. Results for trichloroethylene were equivocal. These and previous
      studies with the salmonella system, together with mutagenicity studies using
      different test systems, indicate that modern inhalation anaesthetic agents are
      unlikely to be mutagenic.

PMID- 375955
TI  - Systemic air embolism following induction of artificial pneumothorax under
      anaesthesia, with successful management.
AB  - Systemic air embolism occurred in a patient during general anaesthesia, with
      positive pressure ventilation, following induction of artificial pneumothorax to
      assist in the diagnosis of a mediastinal mass. A sudden change in vital signs
      together with neurological abnormalities suggested involvement of both coronary
      and cerebral arteries. A trace of blood was noticed in the syringe which the
      surgeon had used to create the artificial pneumothorax. The patient was treated
      with hyperbaric oxygen and recovered satisfactorily, despite a 10-h interval
      between the air embolus and the institution of definitive therapy.

PMID- 375956
TI  - Methods for the assessment of the effects of drugs on the arterial system in man.

PMID- 375957
TI  - The effect of assay methods on plasma levels and pharmacokinetics of
      theophylline: HPLC and EIA.
AB  - 1 The effects of two assay methods, HPLC and EIA, on theophylline plasma levels
      (n = 254) and pharmacokinetics (n = 6) were examined on blood samples obtained
      from asthmatic patients and normal adult male volunteers. 2 The standard curves
      obtained and the plasma level values during plasma level monitoring of
      theophylline measured with two methods are well correlated each other within
      concentration range of 2.5 to 20.0 microgram/ml (P less than 0.001). EIA, however
      in general, appears to give a lower value than HPLC. 3 The values of plasma
      theophylline half-life and clearance analyzed using a two-compartment open system
      model were found different between the two assay methods and dissimilar to those
      previously reported by using ultraviolet method. 4 The sampling end-point and/or
      assay sensitivity particularly to measure a lower level of theophylline (less
      than 2.5 microgram/ml) can influence the pharmacokinetics for a potent
      bronchodilator with a narrow therapeutic margin, theophylline.

PMID- 375958
TI  - Atenolol and chlorthalidone in combination for hypertension.
AB  - 1 The hypotensive effect of single daily dosing with atenolol 100 mg and
      chlorthalidone 25 mg given alone or in combination has been assessed in a double
      blind, crossover, placebo controlled trial in fifteen hypertensive patients. 2
      Average lying blood pressures were: Placebo 155.4/103.9 mm Hg, atenolol
      134.6/85.8 mm Hg, chlorthalidone 139.5/90.1 mm Hg, combination 127.7/82.5 mm Hg.
      3 The effect of the combination therapy in reducing lying diastolic pressure
      compared with placebo (a fall of 21.4 mm Hg) was significantly less than the 31.9
      mm Hg fall predicted from the sum of the individual effects (P = 0.01). 4
      Observations on blood pressure at rest and under mental, isometric and bicycle
      ergometer stress were made pre-dose and post-dose for a 12 h period at the end of
      the last treatment period. 5 Lying blood pressure declined from the zero hour
      (pre-dose) reading on all treatments to a low at 15.00--18.00 h and then rose
      again. 6 The rise in systolic blood pressure after isometric exercise and mental
      stress was of a similar magnitude with all four treatment regimes. 7 Atenolol,
      alone and in combination with chlorthalidone, reduced the blood pressure and the
      pulse rate increase on exercise 2 h post-dose when compared with readings 24 h
      post-dose. 8 Once daily dosing with a combination of atenolol and chlorthalidone
      produced a fall in supine blood pressure over a 24 h period but the effect on
      exercise induced changes was not uniform over this period.

PMID- 375960
TI  - Vascular symptoms in patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon are not
      exacerbated by propranolol or labetalol.

PMID- 375959
TI  - Antihypertensive effect of a non-selective (propranolol) and a cardioselective
      (metoprolol) beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent at rest and during exercise.
AB  - 1 The antihypertensive effects at rest and during physical exercise of the non
      selective beta-adrenoceptor blocker propranolol and the cardioselective beta
      adrenoceptor blocker metoprolol were compared in a double-blind cross-over study.
      2 Eighteen patients with mild hypertension entered the trial. One patient was
      withdrawn from the study due to side effects on both drugs. 3 The two beta
      adrenoceptor blockers were compared using doses earlier shown to have the same
      beta-adrenoceptor blocking potency, as measured by their effect on exercise
      tachycardia in healthy men. 4 Arterial blood pressure was reduced to the same
      extent by propranolol and metoprolol at rest as well as during submaximal work. 5
      It is concluded that the antihypertensive effect of beta-adrenoceptor blockers is
      mainly mediated through blockade of the beta 1-adrenoceptors.

PMID- 375961
TI  - Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs and diuretics in hypertension.

PMID- 375963
TI  - Munchausen syndrome with cardiac symptoms. Cardiopathia fantastica.

PMID- 375962
TI  - A comparison of phenobarbitone and primidone in the control of seizures in
      chronic epilepsy [proceedings].

PMID- 375964
TI  - Modification of the immunogenicity and antigenicity of rat hepatoma cells. II.
      Mild heat treatment.
AB  - I.p. immunization with gamma-irradiated hepatoma cells induces resistance to s.c.
      tumour-cell challenge in syngeneic WAB/Not rats. Mild heat treatment of these
      cells (greater than 41 degrees C for 30 min) destroyed this immunoprotective
      effect, but did not abolish tumour-specific antibody production in treated rats.
      The binding of syngeneic and alloantibodies to surface antigens expressed on
      hepatoma cells was unaffected by heat treatment. Thus, heat-treated gamma
      irradiated hepatoma cells retain a serologically defined tumour-specific antigen
      but are unable to elicit immunoprotection. By examining the incorporation of
      radioactive precursors into DNA, RNA and protein in heat-treated cells, it was
      determined that above 41 degrees C there was a significant decrease in metabolic
      activity. It is postulated that for the effective induction of transplantation
      immunity to tumours, tumour-specific antigens should be present on the surface
      membranes of a metabolically active cell. This hypothesis accounts for the
      absence or marked reduction of immunoprotection induced by inviable or
      glutaraldehyde-treated cells, isolated cell membranes and soluble tumour extracts
      which retain serologically defined tumour-specific antigens.

PMID- 375966
TI  - Radiosensitization of E. coli B/r by the cytotoxic agent procarbazine: a hypoxic
      cell sensitizer preferentially toxic to aerobic cells and easily oxidized.
AB  - Procarbazine has been shown to be a hypoxic cell sensitizer of moderate ability
      in E. coli B/r, with an achievable enhancement ratio of 1.4 at subtoxic
      concentrations. The drug appears to act in a manner similar to the expected with
      the electron-affinic radiosensitizers. However, procarbazine and the electron
      affinic sensitizers differ in two important respects. Unlike the electron-affinic
      sensitizers, procarbazine is not easily reduced, but is easily oxidized. It is
      more toxic to aerobic than to hypoxic cells. At the drug dosages in present
      clinical use, procarbazine is likely to be only a weak radiosensitizer. The
      possible implications of the data for the further development of a new class of
      sensitizers and combination therapy are discussed.

PMID- 375967
TI  - Predominance of T lymphocytes in the dermal infiltrate of atopic dermatitis.
AB  - Tissue sections from diseased skin of sixteen patients with atopic dermatitis
      were investigated with haematoxylin-eosin and toluidine-blue staining, with
      direct immunofluorescence staining using FITC-conjugated antisera against IgG
      F(ab')2 and IgM, and with the indirect immunofluorescence method utilizing
      specific rabbit anti-human T lymphocyte antiserum with FITC-conjugated goat anti
      rabbit Ig antiserum as the second layer. Furthermore, cryostat sections were
      investigated in a closed chamber immune adherence method using
      aminoethylisothiouronium bromide (AET) treated sheep red blood cells to detect E
      receptors on T lymphocytes, and with various types of coated sheep red blood
      cells to detect cells with IgG Fc receptors and complement factor C3b receptors.
      All sections presented dermal perivascular infiltrates of mononuclear cells as
      judged by haematoxylin-eosin staining. Staining with toluidine-blue demonstrated
      varying numbers of mast-cells, but in no case pathological increased number. The
      majority of the infiltrating cells presented rim-like membrane fluorescence with
      the anti-T antiserum, and the AET treated sheep red blood cells (SRBC) adhered to
      the infiltrates, thus indicating a predominance of T lymphocytes in the skin
      infiltrates of atopic dermatitis.

PMID- 375968
TI  - Evidence for a conformational change in the Escherichia coli maltose receptor by
      excited-state fluorescence lifetime data.
AB  - The initial signaling event during maltose chemoreception in Escherichia coli is
      identified with a delocalized liqand-induced conformational change in the maltose
      binding protein. Substantiation for the conformational change involves a new
      application of the "distant reporter group technique" [Zukin, R.S., Hartig, P.R.,
      & Koshland, D.E., Jr. (1977a) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 74, 1932-1936]
      utilizing excited-state fluorescence lifetime measurements. Binding of maltose to
      its receptor results in changes in the microenvironment of the two tryptophan
      residues of the receptor protein and of an experimentally attached reporter
      group, 5-(iodoacetamido) fluorescein. The minimum distance between the two
      typtophans from efficiency of fluorescence energy transfer theory is 17 A; the
      minimum distance from the farther tryptophan to the fluorescein is 50 A. Thus,
      the maltose receptor is shown to undergo molecular rearrangements at distant
      sites upon ligand binding. The general feature of conformational change as the
      initial signaling event during chemoreception in the enteric bacteria is
      discussed.

PMID- 375965
TI  - Systemic and in-situ natural killer activity in tumour-bearing rats.
AB  - Single-cell suspensions prepared by enzymatic disaggregation of an immunogenic 3
      methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma (Mc40A) contain a significant proportion of
      infiltrating leucocytes (approximately 42%), comprising T lymphocytes,
      macrophages and non-phagocytic FcR+ lymphoid-like cells. Tumour-infiltrating
      lymphocytes (TIL) were isolated and purified by successive passage over Sephadex
      G-10 columns and their cytotoxic activity in vitro compared with that of lymphoid
      cells from normal rats and from tumour-bearers at different times after
      implantation. For this purpose, surviving target cells were quantified by
      incorporation of the gamma-emitting analogue of methionine, 75Sel-methionine, in
      a 48-h assay which detected both cytotoxic and cytostatic effects. The reactivity
      of TIL, which was consistently demonstrable from 11 days after tumour
      transplantation, was essentially similar to that of normal splenic lymphocytes in
      magnitude and specificity. Reciprocal cytotoxicity tests using TIL and cultured
      targets from an antigenically unrelated tumour of similar aetiology (Mc57) showed
      that the manifestation of TIL cytotoxicity was determined, not by the tumour of
      origin, but by the susceptibility of the target cells. Evidence that the effector
      function of TIL was mediated in part by natural killer (NK) cells was derived
      from concurrent experiments using human myeloid cells (K562) as targets in an 18h
      51Cr-release assay. In this system the level of NK activity was critically
      dependent on the numbers of tumour cells in the TIL population; contamination in
      excess of 2% gave rise to dose-dependent inhibition of NK function. The results
      show that within a progressively growing tumour known to possess rejection
      antigens, NK reactivity was detected in the absence of a demonstrable tumour
      specific cytotoxic component.

PMID- 375969
TI  - Antibiotic effects on the photoinduced affinity labeling of Escherichia coli
      ribosomes by puromycin.
AB  - The effect of ribosomal antibiotics on the photoinduced affinity labeling of
      Escherichia coli ribosomes by puromycin [Cooperman, B.S., Jaynes, E.N.,
      Brunswick, D.J., & Luddy, M.A. (1975) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 72, 1974;
      Jaynes, E.N. Jr., Grant, P.G., Giangrande, G., Wieder, R., & Cooperman, B.S.
      (1978) Biochemistry 17, 561] has been studied. Although blasticidin S,
      sparsomycin, lincomycin, and erythromycin are essentially without effect, major
      changes are seen on addition of either chloramphenicol or tetracycline. The
      products of photoincorporation have been characterized by one- and two
      dimensional gel electrophoresis and by specific immunoprecipitation with
      antibodies to ribosomal proteins. In the presence of chloramphenicol, protein S14
      becomes the major labeled protein. In the presence of tetracycline, L23 remains
      the major labeled protein, but the yield of labeled ribosomes is enormously
      increased, and the labeling is more specific for L23. These results are discussed
      in terms of the known modes of action of these antibiotics and the
      photoreactivity of tetracycline.

PMID- 375970
TI  - On the mechanism of chloramphenicol-induced changes in the photoinduced affinity
      labeling of Escherichia coli ribosomes by puromycin. Evidence for puromycin and
      chloramphenicol sites on the 30S subunit.

PMID- 375971
TI  - Quaternary structure of yeast pyruvate carboxylase: biochemical and electron
      microscope studies.

PMID- 375972
TI  - Electrophoretic behavior of cytochrome b in a partially purified preparation and
      evidence for high molecular weight associated mitochondrial translation products.

PMID- 375973
TI  - Interaction of phosphate analogues with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
AB  - The glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes the
      oxidative phosphorylation of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. A variety of
      phosphonates have been shown to substitute for phosphate in this reaction
      [Gardner, J. H., & Byers, L. D., (1977) J. Biol. Chem. 252, 5925--5927]. The
      dependence of the logarithm of the equilibrium constant for the reaction on the
      pKa2 value of the phosphonate is characterized by a Brlnsted coefficient, betaeq,
      of approximately 1. This represents the sensitivity of the transfer of the
      phosphoglyceroyl group between the active-site sulfhydryl residue (in the acyl
      enzyme intermediate) and the acyl acceptor on the basicity of the acyl acceptor.
      Molybdate (MoO42-) can also serve as an acyl acceptor in the glyceraldehyde-3
      phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzed reaction. The second-order rate constant for
      the reaction with molybdate is only approximately 12 times lower than the
      reaction with phosphate even though the pKa2 of molybdate is 3.1 units lower than
      the pKa2 of phosphate. The immediate product of the molybdate reaction is the
      acyl molybdate, 1-molybdo-3-phosphoglycerate. The acyl molybdate, like the acyl
      arsenate (the immediate product of the reaction when arsenate is the acyl
      acceptor), is kinetically unstable. At pH 7.3 (25 degrees C), the half-life for
      hydrolysis of the acyl molybdate, or the acyl arsenate, is less than 2.5 s. Thus,
      hydrolysis of 1-molybdo- and 1-arseno-3-phosphoglycerate is at least 2000 times
      faster than hydrolysis of 1,3-diphosphoglycerate under the same conditions.
      Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase has a fairly broad specificity for acyl
      acceptors. Most tetrahedral oxy anions tested are substrates for the enzyme
      (except SO4(2-) and SeO4(2-)). Tetrahedral monoanions such as ReO4- and GeO(OH)3-
      are not substrates but do bind to the enzyme. These results suggest the
      requirement of at least one anionic site on the acyl acceptor required for
      binding and another anionic group on the acyl receptor required for nucleophilic
      attack on the acyl enzyme.

PMID- 375974
TI  - Shapes of proteins L1, L9, L25, and L30 from the 50S subunit of the Escherichia
      coli ribosome, determined by hydrodynamic studies.
AB  - Proteins L1, L9, L25, and L30, purified by a nondenaturing method from the 50S
      ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli A19, have been characterized. The four
      proteins were studied under conditions which resemble those used for
      reconstitution experiments. These proteins have S020,W values of 2.0 S, 1.8 S,
      1.8 S, and 1.0 S and D20,W values of 8.4 X 10(-7), 9.0 X 10(-7), 14.0 X 10(-7),
      and 15.0 X 10(-7) cm2/S. Apparent specific volumes at 20 degrees C are 0.738,
      0.733, 0.700, and 0.735 mL/g for the four proteins. The respective molecular
      weights determined by sedimentation equilibrium are 25 000, 17 300, 12 000, and
      6500. The intrinsic viscosity values for the four proteins are 4.0, 5.5, 3.6, and
      3.2 mL/g. From these hydrodynamic parameters L1 and L9 appear to have globular or
      at most only slightly elongated shapes, whereas L25 and L30 appear to be
      definitely globular.

PMID- 375975
TI  - Interaction of neutral polysaccharides with phosphatidylcholine multilamellar
      liposomes. Phase transitions studied by the binding of fluorescein-conjugated
      dextrans.

PMID- 375976
TI  - Evidence for the double-sieve editing mechanism in protein synthesis. Steric
      exclusion of isoleucine by valyl-tRNA synthetases.

PMID- 375977
TI  - Biosynthesis of the pyrimidine moiety of thiamin in Escherichia coli:
      incorporation of stable isotope-labeled glycines.
AB  - Methods are described for the cleavage, extraction, and subsequent gas
      chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of the pyrimidine moiety of thiamin
      as 2-methyl-4-amino-5-[(ethylthio)methyl]pyrimidine. The methods are of a general
      nature and can be applied to any system. Using these methods to evaluate the
      incorporation of 13C-, 15N-, and 2H-labeled glycines into the pyrimidine moiety
      of thiamin by Escherichia coli, we established that the nitrogen and carbon atoms
      of glycine are incorporated as a unit into the pyrimidine. 13C- and 15N-labeled
      glycines are incorporated at greater than 60% but deuterium from [2-(2)H2]glycine
      was incorporated at only 18%. A detailed analysis of the mass fragmentation
      pattern of the pyrimidine derivative has established that the glycine nitrogen
      atom supplies the N-1 of the pyrimidine and that the C-1 and C-2 of the glycine
      supplies the C-4 and C-6 of the pyrimidine, respectively. This evidence is
      consistent with the substitution of a C2 unit between the C-5 and C-4 of the 4
      aminoimidazole ribonucleotide precursor during the biosynthesis of the pyrimidine
      moiety of thiamin in E. coli.

PMID- 375978
TI  - Light-induced calcium release in isolated intact cattle rod outer segments upon
      photoexcitation of rhodopsin.
AB  - By applying flash-spectrophotometry with the calcium-indicating dye arsenazo III
      rapid light-triggered calcium release in various cattle rod outer segment
      preparations was studied. It is shown that light-induced calcium signals can be
      unambiguously discriminated from underlying absorption changes due to photolysis
      of rhodopsin and apparent absorption changes resulting from lightscattering
      transients. The following results have been obtained: 1. Calcium-induced arsenazo
      III responses can be quantitatively and kinetically resolved within the time
      domain of the visual transduction process. 2. Photoexcitation of rhodopsin
      results in calcium release from intradiscal binding sites. 3. Calcium released
      does not appear in the cytoplasmic space unless the disc membrane is made
      permeable to calcium ions by an ionophore. 4. The shortest observed half-rise
      time of calcium release (300 ms) is possibly limited by the ionophore. 5. The
      stoichiometric ratio of calcium released/rhodopsin bleached is 0.5 at a free
      calcium concentration of 2 microM. The amount of calcium released is proportional
      to the precentage of rhodopsin bleaching (from 1--10%). 6. Upon disruption of the
      disc stack by lysis of intact rod outer segments the light-induced calcium
      release is greatly altered. The results are discussed in relation to previous
      reports on a light-induced calcium release from retinal discs and in terms of the
      proposed role of calcium as an intracellular transmitter in vertebrate
      photoreceptors.

PMID- 375979
TI  - Yeast plasma membrane ghosts. An analysis of proteins by two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis.
AB  - We have examined yeast cell ghost preparations to assess their value in obtaining
      plasma membrane proteins. Ghosts prepared by two methods involving stabilization
      of spheroplast envelopes had similar protein patterns by two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis, and approximately 200 proteins were resolved. Spheroplasts were
      lactoperoxidase iodinated, and recovery of label in ghost preparations was
      greater than 60%. Spheroplasts appeared to be impermeable to the lactoperoxidase
      reagents as judged by an examination of two-dimensional gel electrophoretic
      patterns of ghost proteins that had been iodinated in spheroplasts or in unsealed
      ghosts. Spheroplasts were also impermeable to pronase proteases. Surface
      iodination and surface proteolysis allowed us to identify exposed ghost proteins;
      the major ghost glycoprotein was exposed in spheroplasts. Two-dimensional
      patterns of ghost proteins were not heavily contaminated (less than or equal to
      25% of all proteins) by proteins present in soluble or promitochondrial
      fractions, and estimates of surface label and total cell protein recovery
      suggested that the ghost fraction represents a cell envelope enrichment of 8--10
      fold over whole cells. Resolution of ghost proteins by two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis appears to be a powerful aid toward identifying membrane
      proteins.

PMID- 375980
TI  - Nature of the regions involved in the insertion of newly synthesized protein into
      the outer membrane of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Outer membrane proteins are synthesized by cytoplasmic membrane-bound polysomes,
      and inserted at insertion sites which cover about 10% of the total outer membrane
      when cells grow with a generation time of 1 h. A membrane fraction enriched in
      outer membrane insertion regions was isolated and partly characterized. The rat
      at which newly inserted proteins are transferred from such insertion regions into
      the rest of the outer membrane was found to be very fast; the new protein content
      of insertion regions and that of the remaining outer membrane equilibrate
      completely within about 20 s at 25 degrees C. Given the rather rigid structure of
      the outer membrane and the multiple interactions between outer membrane
      components and the murein layer, lateral diffusion of newly inserted proteins
      from insertion sites to the remaining outer membrane is not likely to explain
      this rapid equilibration. Instead, the data support a model in which insertion
      regions move along the cell surface, leaving behind stationary, newly inserted
      outer membrane proteins.

PMID- 375981
TI  - The role of lipid intermediates in the glycosylation of proteins in the
      eucaryotic cell.

PMID- 375982
TI  - Membrane flow and intercoversions among endomembranes.

PMID- 375983
TI  - Physical and coding properties of poly(5-methoxyuridylic) acid.
AB  - The synthesis of poly(mo5U) requires a high concentration (2.7 mg/ml) of
      polynucleotide phosphorylase as well as a long reaction time (48 h). The
      resulting polynucleotide has a chain length of approximately 100 nucleotides. It
      shows no indication of a stable secondary structure. When poly(mo5U) is mixed
      with poly(A), a triple-stranded complex poly(A) . 2poly(mo5U) is formed. This
      complex has a melting temperature of 68.5 +/- 0.5 degrees C at 150 mMNa+ and
      exhibits a hysteresis loop between melting and reformation of the complex having
      a delta Tm of 11.5 degrees C. Poly-5-methoxyuridylic acid stimulates the binding
      of Phe-tRNA to 70-S ribosomes but is inactive in directing poly(Phe) synthesis.

PMID- 375984
TI  - Interaction of Cibacron Blue F3GA with Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and with
      T4 DNA polymerase.
AB  - Individual rapid procedures for the enrichment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase
      I and of bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase free of endonuclease activity are
      described using Blue dextran-Sepharose chromatography. The blue dye of Blue
      dextran-Sepharose selectively binds to the deoxynucleoside triphosphate substrate
      site of the E. coli but not the T4 enzyme indicating that the catalytic sites of
      these two enzymes which catalyze the same polymerization reaction in vitro are
      quite distinct.

PMID- 375985
TI  - Product inhibition studies of yeast phosphoglycerate kinase evaluating properties
      of multiple substrate binding sites.
AB  - Product inhibition studies on yeast phosphoglycerate kinase (ATP:3-phospho-D
      glycerate 1-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.2.3) have been performed with 1,3-P2
      glycerate. The results indicate that: 1. The catalytic reaction can be affected
      via four substrate binding sites, two for MgATP2- and two for 3-P-glycerate. 2.
      There is one catalytic centre per enzyme molecule. 3. The catalytic reaction
      primarily occurs at the 'first' or 'high affinity' MgATP2- and 3-P-glycerate
      binding sites. The 'second' set of sub-sites for these substrates are located in
      a region for regulation of the catalytic reaction. 4. The products of the
      reaction, 1,3-P2-glycerate and ADP, are preferentially bound to the regulatory
      region. 5. MgATP2- and 1,3-P2-glycerate are able to bind simultaneously to this
      region. When liganded with MgATP2- the apparent Ki value for 1,3-P2-glycerate
      increases from 3 microM to 20 microM.

PMID- 375986
TI  - Tritium exchange reactions catalyzed by 2-oxo-4-hydroxyglutarate aldolase from
      Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Tritiated water and tritiated substrates have been used to study exchange
      reactions catalyzed by Escherichia coli 2-oxo-4-hydroxyglutarate aldolase (4
      hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate glyoxylate-lyase, EC 4.1.3.16, 2-oxo-4-hydroxyglutarate in
      equilibrium pyruvate + glyoxylate). With pyruvate, the enzyme catalyzes a rapid
      first-order exchange of all three methyl hydrogens in the absence of added
      acceptor aldehyde (i.e. glyoxylate). This reaction is not rate limiting for aldol
      condensation or cleavage; quite different pH-activity profiles for the exchange
      reaction versus aldol cleavage and also comparative effects that pH changes have
      on Km and V values for the two processes favor this conclusion. The exchange
      reaction with 2-oxobutyrate, a substrate analog, is stereoselective; one
      methylene hydrogen is removed at a 6-fold faster rate than the other but
      eventually both are exchanged. No tritium exchange occurs with glyoxylate.

PMID- 375987
TI  - 9,11-Iminoepoxyprosta-5,13-dienoic acid is a selective thromboxane A2 synthetase
      inhibitor.
AB  - 9,11-Iminoepoxyprosta-5,13-dienoic acid inhibits the thromboxane A2 synthetase in
      platelet and lung microsomal enzyme preparations and in intact platelets. It does
      not inhibit the protaglandin I2 synthetase in aorta or lung microsomes and intact
      Balb 3T3 fibroblasts. In lung microsomes, which contain both enzymes, 9,11
      iminoepoxyprosta-5,13-dienoic acid inhibits only thromboxane A2 formation and
      augments prostaglandin I2 formation. This inhibitor is more selective than other
      reported prostaglandin endoperoxide analogs which inhibit the platelet
      thromboxane synthetase.

PMID- 375988
TI  - Stimulation of phosphatidic acid production in platelets precedes the formation
      of arachidonate and parallels the release of serotonin.
AB  - Thrombin rapidly induces the formation of labeled phosphatidic acid from
      platelets prelabeled with [17C]arachidonate or 32PO34- and specifically decreases
      by 50--75% the content of phosphatidylinositol. Ionophore A23187 also stimulates
      phosphatidate labeling, but less effectively than thrombin. This effect on
      phosphatidic acid is blocked by increasing the levels of cyclic AMP by
      preincubation with dibutyryl cyclic AMP, cyclic AMP-phosphodiesterase inhibitors
      or prostacyclin. Indomethacin and eicosatetraynoic acid do not alter the
      production of phosphatidate, indicating independence from cyclooxygenase or
      lipoxygenase products. Increased turnover of [14C]- or [32P]phosphatidate occurs
      within 2--5 s after platelet activation by thrombin and is observed before
      endogenous, 14C-labeled arachidonate can be detected. The rate of phosphatidate
      formation parallels the induced rate of serotonin release. Release of
      [3H]serotonin is not affected by eicosatetraynoic acid. Phosphatidate production
      reflects the generation of diacylglycerol by C-type phospholipase degradation of
      phosphatidylinositol. Diacylglycerol and phosphatidic acid may participate in the
      membrane modification related to the early changes in platelet shape, release
      reactions or aggregation which occur on stimulation.

PMID- 375989
TI  - Inhibition of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) by glucose 1,6
      bisphosphate.
AB  - Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate, the powerful common regulator of several key enzymes in
      carbohydrate metabolism, was found to exert a potent inhibitory effect on the
      activity of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) from yeast and
      several rat tissues. These findings suggest that glucose 1,6-bisphosphate may
      have a regulatory influence on the pentose phosphate pathway.

PMID- 375990
TI  - Alterations in pancreatic islet phosphate content during secretory stimulation
      with glucose.
AB  - Isolated rat pancreatic islets were perifused and analyzed for phosphate content
      immediately following the transient increase in the efflux of orthophosphate
      which occurs when insulin secretion is stimulated by glucose. In some instances,
      islets were perifused directly following isolation to minimize preparative delay;
      in others, islets were prelabeled during incubation with [32P]orthophosphate for
      90 min prior to perifusion. In both experimental situations, total islet
      phosphate content declined 40--50% following exposure to stimulating
      concentrations of glucose and initiation of enhanced insulin release. In the
      experiments with prelabeled islets, tissue content of [32P]orthophosphate fell to
      a similar extent so that the specific radioactivity of islet orthophosphate was
      unaffected. Inhibited of heightened insulin release with Ni2+ did not modify the
      decrements in total or radioactive tissue orthophosphate, thus indicating that
      these responses to islet stimulation reflect events which are proximal to
      activated exocytosis. Simultaneous analyses for tissue ATP and ADP demonstrated
      that the efflux in orthophosphate and reduction in tissue orthophosphate content
      were not mediated via net changes in islet adenine nucleotides. The observations
      represent the first documentation that a net reduction of tissue inorganic
      phosphate is one of the early components of stimulus-secretion coupling in
      isolated pancreatic islets.

PMID- 375991
TI  - Effects of neurotoxins on pancreatic islets. Elucidation of a possible role for
      sodium channels in the secretory response.

PMID- 375992
TI  - Biofeedback in the treatment of muscle-contraction (tension) headache.

PMID- 375994
TI  - The cost of reproduction-a physiological approach.

PMID- 375993
TI  - Some problems of the ecology and taxonomy of marine microvibrios.
AB  - The bactericidal effect of water from the Indian and Pacific oceans and Caspian
      and White seas on Escherichia coli was studied. It is shown that a decrease in
      the viability of E. coli cells is accompanied by the appearance and active
      multiplication of small bacteria of a vibrioid form. Two strains of such bacteria
      were isolated from a suspension of E. coli in seawater and purified from
      membranes of the substrate organism by the method of centrifugation in a Ficoll
      gradient. The marine bacteria of vibrioid form are very similar to the bacterial
      parasite Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus in fatty acid composition and characteristic
      cycle of development.

PMID- 375995
TI  - The pineal complex and thermoregulation.

PMID- 375996
TI  - [Influence of implantation techniques on thromboresistance of biomaterial
      (author's transl].

PMID- 375997
TI  - [Multiple-elektrode measuring system for the electrocardiographic evaluation of
      the course of acute myocardial infarction (author's transl)].

PMID- 375998
TI  - Effects of prostacyclin and albumin on platelet loss during in vitro simulation
      of extracorporeal circulation.

PMID- 375999
TI  - T-cell-subset characterization of human T-CLL.
AB  - Circulating peripheral blood tumor cells in four cases of chronic
      lymphoproliferative disease were immunologically characterized. By the use of T
      cell-specific heteroantisera and indirect immunofluorescence, all were shown to
      involve proliferation of malignant T cells. Three cases demonstrated morphologic
      and clinical features consistent with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and one
      case presented as a lymphosarcoma cell leukemia. Antisera specific for normal
      human T-cell subsets defined the malignant T cells in each case as arising from
      the TH2--subset. This subset normally constitutes approximately 80% of human
      peripheral blood T cells. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) was not
      detected in any of the T-cell CLL cases, thus supporting the notion that T-cell
      CLL represents a malignancy of a mature phenotype. The one patient with
      lymphosarcoma whose tumor cells were TdT-positive subsequently developed T-cell
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Moreover, la-like antigen (p23,30) was
      detected on two of these tumor cell populations. In addition, it was shown that
      not all tumor cells were E-rosette-positive, since only cells from 3 of 4
      patients were capable of forming spontaneous rosettes. These findings demonstrate
      that heteroantisera can provide an additional important tool for dissecting the
      heterogeneity of T-cell leukemias and for relating them to more differentiated
      normal T cells.

PMID- 376000
TI  - A mechanism for the hydroperoxide-mediated inactivation of prostacyclin
      synthetase.
AB  - Hydroxyl radical generation was demonstrated during heme-catalyzed decomposition
      of 15-hydroperoxy arachidonic acid. The hydroperoxide-mediated inactivation of
      prostacyclin synthetase seems to be related to the generation of this highly
      reactive species. A relationship between hydroperoxides and the hydroxyl radical
      may be important in the modulation of prostacyclin synthesis in diseased states.

PMID- 376002
TI  - Comparison of techniques for detecting T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Three versions of the E-rosette test, one using untreated sheep erythrocytes at
      37 degrees C, another using such cells at 4 degrees C, and a third using sheep
      erythrocytes treated with S-(2-aminoethyl)isothiouronium bromide hydrobromide
      (AET), were applied to each of 72 bone marrow specimens from as many unselected
      patients with untreated acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). The same specimens were
      also examined for T-cell antigens, based on reactivity with an antithymocyte
      serum. Lymphoblasts in eight ALL specimens formed E rosettes at 37 degrees C; no
      other E-positive specimens were identified when the assay was done at 4 degrees
      C. With AET-treated erythrocytes, lymphoblasts from these eight specimens and six
      additional specimens readily formed rosettes. T-cell antigens were detectable in
      all specimens positive for rosette formation withe untreated erythrocytes, in
      four of the six specimens positive for rosette formation with AET-treated
      erythrocytes, and in four specimens that showed no rosette formation under any of
      the experimental conditions used. Altogether, 18 specimens contained lymphoblasts
      with one or more surface markers characteristic of T-cell leukemia. These
      findings indicate that more specimens are likely to be identified at T-cell
      luekemias when E-rosette tests of increasing sensitivity and assayss for T-cell
      antigens are used. Some leukemic blasts do not possess the full array of membrane
      receptors and antigens usually associated with T cells. A combination of E
      rosette tests and serologic tests is necessary to determine reliably the
      relationship of the test specimen to either T-cell ALL or common ALL and to
      establish the clinical significance of blasts that express membrane properties
      intermediate between those of T-cell ALL and common ALL.

PMID- 376001
TI  - Red cell enzyme defects as nondiseases and as diseases.

PMID- 376003
TI  - Surface immunoglobulin density on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
AB  - The densities of surface immunoglobulin (slg) on peripheral blood mononuclear
      cells (PBM) of normals and patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL),
      chronic lymphosarcoma cell leukemia (LCL), and hairy cell leukemia (HCL) were
      analyzed using the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). PBM were labeled
      with fluorescein conjugates of F(ab')2 fragments of affinity chromatography
      purified anti-Fab or class-specific anti-mu, anti-delta, anti-gamma, or anti
      alpha. Histograms of relative cell fluorescence, rems of relative cell
      fluorescence, reflecting slg density, were prepared with the FACS. Anti-Fab
      labeled normal PBM demonstrated a homogeneous low-density peak that when
      separated by the FACS and analyzed cytochemically consisted predominantly of
      monocytes, whereas brighter-staining cells were predominantly lymphocytes. Anti
      mu and anti-delta labeled 9.0% and 8.5% of normal PBM, respectively, the slg+
      cells being virtually all lymphocytes. Cells labeled by anti-gamma exhibited low
      homogeneous slg density and consisted of more than 80% monocytes. No normal or
      leukemic PBM were labeled by anti-alpha. All slg-positive cells (less than 5%
      monocytes) from 12 of 13 patients with CLL had very low homogeneous densities of
      slg and bore slgM, Whereas cells from 9 of 13 and 2 of 13 patients bore slgD and
      slgG, respectively. Similarly, PBM from 2 patients with HCL exhibited low and
      homogeneous densities of algM, slgD, and slgG, whereas those from a third patient
      bore only slgG. By contrast, the density of slgM and PBM derived from 3 patients
      with LCL was very high; slgD and slgG densities varied from very high to
      undetectable in these patients. The different homogeneous densities of slg on
      peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with CLL, HCL, and LCL suggest that
      these diseases represent malignant transformation of different B-lymphocyte
      subpopulations.

PMID- 376005
TI  - Arsenic content of small mammals indigenous to old orchard soils.

PMID- 376004
TI  - The accumulation and elimination of diflubenzuron by fish.
AB  - In summary, diflubenzuron is accumulated from water into fish tissues at levels
      up to 80 fold within 24 hr when fish are exposed to concentrations of 10 ppb.
      Within the concentration range of 1-10 ppb, the amount accumulated in a 24 hr
      exposure is proportional to concentration. After 24 to 48 hr exposure fish
      degrade and eliminate diflubenzuron and the excretory products are neither the
      parent compound nor p-chlorophenylurea. The amount of diflubenzuron remaining in
      fish tissues with time is dependent on the reduction of residue concentration in
      water; however, the potential for degradation and elimination is very great.

PMID- 376007
TI  - History of the researches leading to the discovery of insulin: with an
      introduction by Lloyd G. Stevenson.

PMID- 376006
TI  - Comparison of the porphyrinogenic activity of hexabromobenzene and
      hexachlorobenzene in primiparous Wistar rats.

PMID- 376008
TI  - "Squeezing Mother Nature": experimental physiology in the United States before
      1870.

PMID- 376010
TI  - The historical background of internal fixation of fractures in North America.

PMID- 376009
TI  - The forensic role of physicians in Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt.

PMID- 376011
TI  - On the mutual indebtedness of Japanese and Western medicine.

PMID- 376012
TI  - A papal physician and the sanitation of New York City.

PMID- 376014
TI  - Photography and the self image of American physicians, 1880-1920.

PMID- 376013
TI  - Richard Bright and mercury as the cause and cure of nephritis.

PMID- 376015
TI  - Walter Pagel's eightieth birthday.

PMID- 376016
TI  - The fourth centenary of the birth of William Harvey: Dr. Archibald Malloch and
      the Harvey Collection.

PMID- 376017
TI  - Sternocleidomastoid regional flaps: a new look at an old concept.
AB  - The main blood supply of the sternocleidomastoid muscle enters it above from
      branches of the superior thyroid, posterior auricular and occipital arteries. The
      lower third is supplied by a branch from the transverse cervical artery and at
      this level there are few if any musculocutaneous branches. Long skin flaps with
      or without the underlying muscle should be checked with fluorescein before
      transfer.

PMID- 376018
TI  - Transposition of the omentum to close skin defects.

PMID- 376019
TI  - Free flap transfers in rats using an irradiated recipient site.

PMID- 376020
TI  - Aluminium foil as a wound dressing.
AB  - Aluminium foil has been found to be an extremely useful and painless way of
      dressing wounds prior to delayed skin grafting. However, it is not recommended
      for use on skin-graft donor sites as it delays epithelial healing.

PMID- 376021
TI  - Reconstruction of full-thickness loss skin wounds using skin collagen allografts.
AB  - Sheets of allogeneic dermal collagen measuring 20 X 15 mm and prepared by trypsin
      treatment of full-thickness skin were grafted under skin flaps in rats. After 2
      to 5 weeks the protective recipient skin was excised and replaced by split
      thickness skin isografts which remained viable on their supportive collagen beds.
      On average such composite grafts maintained 84 per cent of their original size
      over 3 to 28 weeks and in contrast with split-thickness skin grafts achieved full
      thickness reconstruction of the excised skin.

PMID- 376023
TI  - Hospitals, madhouses and asylums: cycles in the care of the insane.

PMID- 376022
TI  - Repair of a full-thickness nasal defect with an ear lobe "sandwich" graft.

PMID- 376024
TI  - The British Association of Sport and Medicine.

PMID- 376025
TI  - Foreword: the B.A.S.M. celebrates its official jubilee.

PMID- 376026
TI  - Short-life radionuclides and regional lung function.

PMID- 376027
TI  - An alternative method of bowel preparation for barium enemas.
AB  - A double blind trial is described comparing two methods of bowel preparation
      prior to barium enema. In 40 randomly selected patients a significant improvement
      was obtained by the use of an intestinal perfusion method.

PMID- 376028
TI  - The value of cimetidine in routine barium meals.

PMID- 376029
TI  - Wound drainage following radical mastectomy: the effect of restriction of
      shoulder movement.
AB  - A randomized prospective clinical trial has been performed to determine the
      effect of temporary immobilization of the shoulder on wound drainage following
      radical mastectomy. In 64 patients admitted to the trial the mean volume of
      drainage was reduced by 40 per cent in those who had shoulder movement restricted
      for the first 7 days after operation when compared with the group in whom early
      arm exercises were encouraged. The mean drainage time was reduced by 29 per cent.
      Shoulder immobilization did not result in increased shoulder stiffness, although
      there was an increased incidence of mild lymphoedema of the arm.

PMID- 376030
TI  - The effect of aspirin on the fibrinolytic activity of gastric juice.
AB  - Fibrinolytic activity in the gastric juice of normal subjects has been studied by
      a double-blind cross-over technique comparing the effect of placebo and
      pentagastrin against aspirin and pentagastrin. Aspirin effectively produced a
      gastritis and pure fibrinolytic activity was detected in the gastric juice, but
      the number of samples showing pure fibrinolytic activity did not differ between
      the two groups. In both the placebo and the aspirin groups the presence of a
      protease active at neutral pH and capable of dissolving fibrin is confirmed.
      Aspirin is unlikely to cause gastric bleeding by increasing local fibrinolytic
      activity within the stomach. The model, so constructed, is not sensitive enough
      to be of value in investigating further the role of gastric fibrinolytic activity
      in gastric haemorrhage.

PMID- 376031
TI  - Cancer after cardiac transplantation.

PMID- 376033
TI  - Dopamine pretreatment in unstable kidney donors.

PMID- 376032
TI  - Prediction of gall-stone pancreatitis by computer.
AB  - The clinical features at presentation of 53 patients admitted with primary acute
      pancreatitis due to gall stones were compared with those of 31 patients in whom
      the disease was due to other causes. Between these two groups 10 significant
      differences existed. By listing the frequency of symptoms and signs for each
      group a computer data base was prepared and incorporated into a program used in
      the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain. A program written to predict
      the presence of gall stones in patients with acute pancreatitis was accurate in
      92% of the patients studied. A predictive index devised from the presence of
      three of the significantly differing clinical features correctly identified 82%
      of patients with gall-stone pancreatitis. Predicting the presence of gall stones
      on admission by analysing the presenting symptoms and signs with a computer had
      an accuracy comparable to that of ultrasonography or radiology and may be of
      value in the management of patients with acute pancreatitis.

PMID- 376034
TI  - Malnutrition in infants receiving cult diets.

PMID- 376035
TI  - Malnutition in infants receiving cult diets.

PMID- 376036
TI  - Value of bromocriptine in unexplained primary infertility: a double-blind
      controlled trial.
AB  - In a double-blind controlled study, 47 women with unexplained primary infertility
      were allocated at random to treatment with either bromocriptine 2.5 mg twice
      daily (24 patients) or placebo (23). Both groups showed a fall in serum prolactin
      concentrations but the reduction was much greater in the bromocriptine-treated
      group. Neither group showed a change in serum oestrogen or progesterone
      concentrations. Bromocriptine significantly reduced the duration of the
      follicular phase of the menstrual cycle but had no effect on the luteal phase.
      Five women conceived during treatment with placebo and seven during treatment
      with bromocriptine, but analysis of the cumulative conception rates showed no
      significant difference between the groups. The women who conceived were
      significantly younger and had a significantly shorter history of infertility than
      the women who did not conceive, but subtracting the number of years of
      infertility from age eliminated this difference. The results show that
      bromocriptine in the dose and duration of administration used in the trial is of
      no value in unexplained primary infertility.

PMID- 376037
TI  - A shush of librarians.

PMID- 376038
TI  - Parents' favourite paediatrician.

PMID- 376040
TI  - Fifty years of penicillin.

PMID- 376039
TI  - Cardioselective beta-blockade and renal function.

PMID- 376041
TI  - Immunosuppression and hepatitis after renal transplantation.

PMID- 376042
TI  - Controlled trial of plasma exchange in treatment of Raynaud's syndrome.
AB  - Twenty-seven patients with Raynaud's syndrome had their digital vessel patency
      assessed by Doppler ultrasound after different thermal stresses. Digital vessel
      patency rates differed significantly after stresses at 15 degrees C and 45
      degrees C. In a randomised controlled trial placebo and heparin had no effect
      either on patients' symptoms or on the patency of their digital vessels. Plasma
      exchange improved both symptoms and vessel patency rates at 15 degrees C and 21
      degrees C. Improvement in seven out of eight of these patients has been
      maintained for six months. Assessing digital vessel patency by Doppler techniques
      allow continuous, atraumatic, and safe evaluation of the effects of different
      methods of treatment on the patency of the digital vessels and has helped to
      indicate that plasma exchange is a useful adjunct in the management of patients
      with severe Raynaud's syndrome.

PMID- 376043
TI  - Controlled trial of cyclophosphamide in active chronic hepatitis.

PMID- 376044
TI  - Mammary cancers and pregnancy.
AB  - Uncertainties persist about management and prognosis of mammary cancers that
      occur during and after pregnancy and during lactation. Pathological features of
      mammary cancers occurring during pregnancy are the same as those in non-pregnant
      women and survival rates are comparable. Management should be the same as in non
      pregnant patients. Termination of pregnancy does not improve survival but it
      should be advised if the prognosis is poor. Mastectomy apparently presents little
      danger to the fetus, though treatment such as chemotherapy and irradiation should
      be avoided. Women who have received treatment for mammary cancer need not be
      advised against subsequent pregnancy. Routine ovarian radiation in non-pregnant
      premenopausal women is not generally to be recommended, since it does not prolong
      survival and would deprive some of the chance of further pregnancy. In lactating
      women who develop mammary cancers survival is apparently not adversely affected.
      Lactation should be suppressed initially and followed by mastectomy. Regimens of
      immunotherapy, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy may then be begun. Until results of
      current trials of combined treatments of mammary cancers associated with
      pregnancy are available, management should be neither aggressive nor tentative.
      It should be based on a well-balanced concept of applying all available
      treatments, as in non-pregnant patients.

PMID- 376045
TI  - A Welsh diet for Britain?

PMID- 376046
TI  - Cancer after cardiac transplantation.

PMID- 376047
TI  - Pyritinol hydrochloride (encephabol) and senile dementia.

PMID- 376048
TI  - The why and how of hypnotic drugs.

PMID- 376049
TI  - Glycosylated haemoglobin in chronic renal failure.

PMID- 376050
TI  - And is there honey still for tea?

PMID- 376052
TI  - The drug of choice for major seizures?

PMID- 376051
TI  - John Bunnell Davis and the Universal Dispensary for Children.

PMID- 376053
TI  - Microscopic words.

PMID- 376054
TI  - Controlled comparison of cimetidine and carbenoxolone sodium in gastric ulcer.
AB  - Fifty-four outpatients with endoscopically diagnosed benign gastric ulcer were
      allocated at random to treatment with either cimetidine 800 mg daily for six
      weeks or carbenoxolone sodium 300 mg daily for one week then 150 mg daily for
      five weeks. Ulcers were reassessed by endoscopy at the end of the trial. The
      endoscopist was unaware of the treatment and did not take part in the clinical
      care of the patients. Twenty-one of the 27 patients (78%) given cimetidine and 14
      of the 27 (52%) given carbenoxolone had healed ulcers. Symptomatic response
      occurred earlier with cimetidine but was not significantly better. Unwanted
      effects were more common in the carbenoxolone group: 12 patients developed
      hypokalaemia, four of whom needed oral potassium supplements. The results suggest
      that histamine H2-receptor blockade is at least as effective as carbenoxolone
      sodium for benign gastric ulcer and produces fewer side effects.

PMID- 376056
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and hospital care.

PMID- 376057
TI  - Falciparum malaria despite chemoprophylaxis.

PMID- 376055
TI  - Brain-dead kidney donor: selection, care, and administration.
AB  - Over four and a half years a district general hospital provided 34 cadaveric
      kidneys for transplantation. All brain-dead patients were regarded as potential
      donors, flow charts being used to maintain circulation and urine formation and
      facilitate administration. With this system the time lapse between diagnosis of
      brain death and removal of kidneys ranged from three to six hours and ischaemia
      was minimised. It is concluded that adoption of the system by other hospitals of
      comparable size would result in enough good-quality kidneys to satisfy present
      needs, thus reducing the initial high failure rate and enabling more patients to
      be accepted for dialysis.

PMID- 376058
TI  - Prediction of gall-stone pancreatitis by computer.

PMID- 376059
TI  - Hospitals for sick children.

PMID- 376060
TI  - Hospitals for sick children.

PMID- 376061
TI  - Comparison of cardiolipin and treponemal tests in the serodiagnosis of yaws.
AB  - Results of the Veneral Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL), rapid plasma reagin
      (RPR), Treponema pallidum haemagglutination (TPHA), T. pallidum immobilisation
      (TPI), and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) tests on sera of
      661 children from a region where yaws is hypoendemic are compared. For 107
      (16.2%) out of 661 sera the FTA-ABS test was the only one showing reactivity; in
      these instances the test was weakly reactive (intensity of fluorescence scored as
      +) and the children had no history and no signs or symptoms of treponemal
      disease. A solitary, weakly reactive FTA-ABS test result seems to have no
      clinical significance in these cases. The FTA-ABS test can be used as a
      confirmatory test for yaws instead of the TPI test, if only the results of sera
      showing an intensity of fluorescence scored as ++ or more are considered to be
      positive. There appeared to be no significant differences in the results of the
      VDRL, RPR, and TPHA tests as screening tests for yaws when the TPI or FTA-ABS
      tests were used as reference tests.

PMID- 376062
TI  - Group B streptococcal infection: a review and update.
AB  - The problems posed by the sudden increase in serious group B streptococcal
      disease among infants since the early 1970s are described and discussed.
      Virtually all offspring of colonised mothers harbour the organism and infection
      develops in about 1% of these infants. The mortality rate, even with immediate
      antibiotic treatment of early onset disease, is 30%; delay in treatment leads to
      much higher mortality. Late onset disease starting around the seventh to ninth
      day of life, but sometimes as late as the second month, is less frequently fatal.
      Preventive measures include active and passive immunisation or intravenous
      ampicillin during labour. Experimental evidence indicates that each of these
      methods gives protection.

PMID- 376063
TI  - Role of humoral versus cellular mechanisms of resistance in the pathogenesis of
      syphilis.
AB  - From experimental work to determine the role of humoral and cell-mediated
      responses in the pathogenesis of syphilis evidence has been collected to indicate
      that both humoral and cell-mediated immunity have a protective function in
      syphilis.

PMID- 376065
TI  - [Comparison of mycobacterium tuberculosis frequency detection on media according
      to Sula, Lowenstein-Jensen, Ogawa, and Stonebrink, after pretreatment of the
      pathogenic material with lauryl sulphate of sodium (author's transl)].

PMID- 376064
TI  - Immunohistochemical demonstration of catechol-o-methyltransferase in mammalian
      brain.
AB  - Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)(EC 2.1.1.6) was localized using fluorescence
      immunohistochemistry in rat liver and kidney and in rat, chinchilla, and bovine
      brains. In the brain, specific fluorescence was visable only in  non-neuronal
      cellular elements in all three species. Ventricular ependymal cells and cells of
      the choroid plexuses exhibited the greatest intensity of immunofluorescence.
      Glial immunofluorescence appeared prominently in large myelinated fiber tracts.
      Interfascicular and perineuronal satellite oligodendrocytes as well as fibrous
      astrocytes were immunoreactive, though myelin itself did not exhibit a positive
      reaction. Bergmann glial cells in the cerebellum also stained brightly for COMT.
      Although this study indicates that the predominant localization of COMT is non
      neuronal, it is important to note that the presence of small quantities of this
      enzyme in neurons cannot be excluded. The patterns of localization observed in
      the non-neuronal elements suggest that this enzyme may function as a barrier to
      free diffusion of catechol compounds within the central nervous system.

PMID- 376066
TI  - [The 60th annivarsay of Professor Ivan Simkovic, D. Sc].

PMID- 376067
TI  - [Hippocrates and dental surgery].

PMID- 376068
TI  - The molecular mechanisms of substrate transport in gram-negative bacteria.

PMID- 376069
TI  - Partial characterization of the mode of inhibition of Escherichia coli RNA
      polymerase by the mixed disulfide, CoASSG.
AB  - The coenzyme A-glutathione mixed disulfide (CoASSG), when complexed with iron, is
      capable of inhibiting the RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli. A modified
      procedure involving a short time of exposure to high salt allowed the reliable
      preparation of CoASSG-Fe which was active in inhibiting RNA polymerase. The
      CoASSG-Fe complex acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor for the incorporation of
      all four nucleoside triphosphates but had a greater effect on GMP and CMP
      incorporation than AMP and UMP incorporation. Neither temperature nor ionic
      strength changes affected CoASSG-Fe inhibition, and the use of rifampicin showed
      that CoASSG-Fe did not inhibit either the initiation or elongation processes of
      the polymerase. CoASSG-Fe was a more effective inhibitor at low DNA-template
      concentrations and it was more effective in inhibiting the incorporation of CMP
      and GMP on simple dG-dC containing templates and the asymmetric polymer poly d(T
      C) . poly d(G-A). The inhibition of transcription of poly d(I-C) was less
      effective than the inhibition of transcription of poly d(G-C). Equilibrium
      dialysis in microdialysis cells showed that CoASSG-Fe could associate with DNA in
      the absence of RNA polymerase.

PMID- 376070
TI  - Torsion of the greater omentum or appendices epiploicae.
AB  - The authors conducted a 20-year review of the records of patients with torsion of
      greater omentum or appendices epiploicae admitted to the Vancouver General
      Hospital. Presenting signs and symptoms, operative findings and some recent
      reports are examined and conclusions are given. Diagnosis of the condition is
      rarely made preoperatively owing to the lack of specific symptoms. When a
      straightforward diagnosis of appendicitis has been made, yet a normal appendix is
      found, torsion of omentum should be considered and excluded.

PMID- 376071
TI  - [New use of the "Gott aneurysm shunt" in total shunting of the aortic arch].

PMID- 376072
TI  - Highly selective vagotomy and truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty for duodenal
      ulcer: a clinical review.
AB  - A review was conducted of the operations of highly selective vagotomy (HSV) and
      truncal vagotomy and pyloroplasty (TVP) performed for peptic ulcer disease.
      Gastric acid output was reduced equally after both procedures: basal acid output
      was reduced by 80% and maximal acid output by 50% to 60%. Not surprisingly,
      therefore, the recurrence rates were similar (6.6% after HSV compared to 5.6%
      after TVP). However, the mortality following HSV was 0% compared with 0.7% after
      TVP. The incidence of all side effects was lower following HSV, so that the
      results in 86% of patients who underwent this operation were considered excellent
      or very good (Visick grades I and II). The authors conclude that HSV should be
      considered the primary conservative procedure in the surgical management of
      peptic ulcer disease.

PMID- 376073
TI  - Early medicine and surgery in New Brunswick.
AB  - The author discusses some of the major events in medicine and surgery in New
      Brunswick prior to 1900. The influences of Indian medicine, of early French and
      Acadian surgeons, of the British colonial surgeons at the siege of Fort
      Beausejour, of the pre-Loyalist and Loyalist surgeons all led up to the building
      of marine hospitals and quarantine stations. The introduction of anesthesia with
      ether and chloroform hastened progress towards"modern surgery" which was carried
      out in the many general hospitals that were built following the opening, in 1865,
      of New Brunswick's first general hospital, the General Public Hospital (now the
      saint John General Hospital).

PMID- 376075
TI  - Concern for children.

PMID- 376074
TI  - Ovarian irradiation and prednisone therapy following surgery and radiotherapy for
      carcinoma of the breast.
AB  - Following mastectomy, patients with operable breast cancer underwent
      postoperative irradiation of the chest wall and regional lymph nodes. They were
      then assigned at random to receive no further therapy, ovarian irradiation (2000
      rads in 5 days) or ovarian irradiation in the same dosage plus prednisone, 7.5 mg
      daily. A total of 705 patients received the randomly assigned treatment and were
      followed for up to 10 years. In premenopausal patients who received ovarian
      irradiation the recurrence of breast cancer was delayed and survival prolonged,
      but not significantly. In premenopausal women aged 45 years or more ovarian
      irradiation plus prednisone therapy significantly delayed the recurrence of
      breast cancer (P = 0.02) and prolonged survival (P = 0.02); the survival
      expectancy of these patients was similar to that of the general population of the
      same age from the third year after the cancer operation. No value was
      demonstrated for ovarian irradiation with or without prednisone therapy in
      postmenopausal patients.

PMID- 376076
TI  - Dr. Jean Nelson: courage and spirit.

PMID- 376077
TI  - Doctor at leisure: the organ doctor of Saskatoon.

PMID- 376078
TI  - Restrictive antibiotherapy after renal transplantation.
AB  - Forty-two patients were followed up after 44 renal transplantations in an effort
      to evaluate possible benefits from the following protocol: systematic
      microbiologic and clinical surveillance, early and aggressive research for the
      cause of suspected infections, refusal to use prophylactic antibiotherapy, and
      selection of treatment according to the established cause of the infection.
      During 18,030 days of follow-up 124 infections were recorded, of which 110 were
      bacterial, 11 viral and 3 protozoal. Eighty originated in the urinary tract, 17
      in skin wounds and 10 in the lower respiratory tract. Septicemia occurred three
      times, and one death due to infection was recorded. In the treatment of bacterial
      infections patients received antibiotics for 2486 days. Ampicillin (given for 816
      days) and "minor" drugs such as sulfonamides and urinary antiseptics (given for
      1036 days) were used 74.5% of the time, whereas gentamicin was used only 2.6% of
      the time (64 days). Combined antibacterial therapy was needed 1.2% of the time
      (29 days). A restrictive policy regarding anti-biotherapy seems to be beneficial
      to renal transplant recipients.

PMID- 376081
TI  - The Royal College of Physicians of London: a short history.

PMID- 376082
TI  - Doctor at leisure: Dr. Charles Gould, boat builder, world traveller.

PMID- 376083
TI  - The daybooks of Robert MacLellan: a comparative study of a Nova Scotia family
      practice during World War I.

PMID- 376079
TI  - The Brompton mixture versus morphine solution given orally: effects on pain.
AB  - The Brompton mixture is widely used as an effective method for controlling pain
      in cancer patients. In a double-blind crossover trial a standard Brompton mixture
      containing morphine, cocaine, ethyl alcohol, syrup BP and chloroform water was
      compared with morphine alone in a flavoured aqueous solution; both were
      administered orally. Pain was measured by means of the pain intensity index of
      the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Ratings of confusion, nausea and drowsiness were
      obtained from both the patients and their nurses and relatives. The data showed
      that there was no significant difference between the Brompton mixture and
      morphine administered orally for any of the variables. Both relieved pain
      effectively in about 85% of the patients.

PMID- 376080
TI  - Pathogenesis of pulmonary edema associated with the adult respiratory distress
      syndrome.
AB  - Pulmonary edema is common cause of acute respiratory failure and can be seen in
      not only cardiac but also noncardiac diseases. The pathophysiologic mechanism for
      the development of acute pulmonary edema in any clinical situation can usually be
      explained alterations in the forces governing the transvascular flux of fluid in
      the pulmonary microvasculature, according to the Starling equation. "Cardiac"
      pulmonary edema is primarily due to an increase in the capillary hydrostatic
      pressure of sufficient magnitude to overcome the forces maintaining fluid within
      the vessel and the ability of the lymphatics to drain the transudated fluid. On
      the other hand, pulmonary edema occurring in association with noncardiac disease
      (e.g., sepsis, aspiration or shock) is secondary to an increase in the
      permeability of the pulmonary microvasculature and is referred to as
      noncardiogenic pulmonary edema or the adult respiratory distress syndrome. This
      article examines the mechanisms for the development of pulmonary edema and
      discusses the differences between the cardiac and noncardiac types.

PMID- 376084
TI  - Group B streptococcal infection in the newborn.

PMID- 376086
TI  - Differentiation between benign and malignant human lymph nodes by means of
      immunologic markers.
AB  - A surface-marker assay combining immunofluorescence with anti-human
      immunoglobulin or anti-human brain serum (AHBS) and the formation of rosettes
      with untreated (E), antibody-sensitized (EA) and complement-coated (EAC) sheep
      erythrocytes was used to study mononuclear cell suspensions of human lymph nodes.
      The frequency of cells expressing more than one marker was increased in lymphoma
      nodes as compared to normal and hyperplastic nodes. The cells which
      simultaneously expressed complement receptors, surface immunoglobulin and the
      marker identified by AHBS represented the most prominent and characteristic
      subpopulation identified in neoplastic nodes. Distributions of cells with double
      and triple markers were studied by combining immunofluorescence with rosetting on
      frozen tissue sections. The multiple-marker cells had distributions that were
      characteristic in different human lymphomas. Benign and malignant human nodes
      could be distinguished on the basis of frequency and distribution of mononuclear
      cell populations carrying distinctive combinations of T- and B-cell surface
      markers.

PMID- 376085
TI  - Maternal and neonatal colonization with group B streptococci in Ottawa.

PMID- 376088
TI  - Regression of established oral tumors after intralesional injection of living BCG
      or BCG cell walls.
AB  - Oral tumors with associated cervical lymph node metastases developed after
      injection of tumor cells into buccal pads of inbred guinea pigs. Intralesional
      injection of living BCG or BCG cell walls (CW) caused regression of established
      tumors, prevented the development of cervical lymph node metastases and led to
      the development of host resistance to the growth of subsequent tumor transplant.

PMID- 376087
TI  - Predictability of immunologic phenotype of malignant lymphomas by conventional
      morphology: a study of 60 cases.
AB  - In order to test the immunologic validity of the Lukes-Collins (L-C)
      classification of the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (ML), 60 ML in adult patients were
      studied and their B- or T-cell nature was predicted on a morphologic basis,
      without knowledge of the clinical history or the results of surface marker (SM)
      studies (SIg, C', Fc and E-rosettes), which were performed on cell suspensions
      and cryostat sections from the same specimens used for histology. There was a
      good correlation between morphologic types and SM (97% for the nodular ML, 81%
      for the diffuse). The predictions were not confirmed in 6 instances: one nodular
      ML typed as T; one convoluted lymphocytic ML typed as histiocytic; and four
      diffuse ML, predicted to be of B-type, bore no detectable SM ("Null" ML). It is
      concluded that the L-C morphologic criteria do allow in most cases the
      recognition of the B- or T-cell nature of ML, but cannot detect variations of the
      SM pattern which seem to affect the clinical behavior of these neoplasias. Thus,
      while the L-C classification seems immunologically sound, its clinical relevance
      still needs to be demonstrated.

PMID- 376089
TI  - Immunological characterization of mononuclear cells in peripheral blood and
      regional lymph nodes of breast cancer patients.
AB  - Mononuclear cells from peripheral blood and draining lymph nodes of 40 patients
      with invasive locoregional breast cancer were examined for immunological cell
      surface markers (E, EAhuman, EAox, EAC, SIg pos.). Concomitantly, blood
      lymphocytes from 36 healthy women and axillary and mesenteric lymph-nodes from
      patients without malignant diseases were tested as controls. In peripheral blood
      of tumor patients E rosette-forming cells were slightly diminished as compared to
      the control group, whereas EAox and EAC rosette-forming cells were increased.
      These differences may be age-dependent rather than tumor-related. In the draining
      lymph nodes of breast cancer patients as well as in the control lymph nodes, the
      percentages of EAC rosette-forming cells and SIg positive lymphocytes were
      significantly increased compared to peripheral blood, whereas E and EAhuman
      rosette values remained unchanged. Percentages of EAox rosettes on the other hand
      were strongly diminished in the draining lymph nodes, suggesting that the EAhuman
      and EAox rosetting techniques detect 2 types of Fc-receptor bearing cells. No
      significant differences were found between the cell surface marker analysis of
      tumor-free and metastatic lymph nodes of breast cancer patients and the control
      lymph nodes.

PMID- 376090
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of calcitonin-producing cells in a strumal
      carcinoid with amyloid stroma.
AB  - A nonfunctioning strumal carcinoid arising in a 49-year-old woman was studied by
      histochemical and immunocytochemical techniques. All tumor cells, irrespective of
      their architectural arrangement, showed properties of neuroendocrine-programmed
      cells, without any evidence of thyroid follicular cell differentiation. Foci of
      calcitonin-producing C-cells were demonstrable by immunocytochemical technique
      and were closely associated with areas of amyloid stroma of the tumor. Efforts at
      localization of insulin and gastrin within the tumor cells gave negative results.
      While the results in the present case offer additional support for an APUD cell
      origin of strumal carcinoids, the presence of the calcitonin-producing C-cells
      within the tumor raises interesting histogenetic possibilities as to whether
      these lesions are derived from C-cells or represent an ovarian carcinoid with
      foci of C-cell differentiation.

PMID- 376091
TI  - Strumal carcinoid of the ovary: an analysis of its components.
AB  - A strumal carcinoid of the ovary was studied by light and electron microscopy.
      Thyroglobulin was demonstrated within the strumal element by immunofluorescence,
      thus establishing the identity of the thyroid tissue. The carcinoid fulfilled the
      light and electron microscopic criteria for a mixed insular and trabecular
      example of this tumor. Intermediate zones between the two tissue elements showed
      mixed characteristics. No amyloid was found. Immunoreactive calcitonin was
      demonstrated in the tumor, suggesting the presence of C-cells or medullary
      carcinoma of the thyroid.

PMID- 376092
TI  - Sedimentation versus cytocentrifugation in the cytologic study of craniospinal
      fluid.
AB  - A sedimentation technique for cytologic study of CSF was compared with the
      standard cytocentrifugation method. Seventy-five samples from 37 children with
      leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were processed by both methods. Total yield
      of cells and cytomorphology with differentials were analyzed. The techniques are
      comparable and both allow good cytologic study of the CSF even with very low cell
      counts/mm3. The sedimentation method can be used as an alternative, especially if
      a cytocentrifuge is not available. When both methods are used, the possibility of
      negative cell yield is decreased.

PMID- 376093
TI  - Nonspecific immune determinants in the patient with unresectable gastrointestinal
      carcinoma.
AB  - Assays of immune function (recall skin tests to microbial antigens; total
      circulating lymphocytes, T-cells, B-cells; lymphocyte blastogenesis with PHA, Con
      A, and pokeweed mitogens; and serum immunoglobulins IgA, IgM, IgG) were obtained
      in 408 patients with unresectable gastrointestinal carcinoma. The overall patient
      population, in comparison to normal controls, was characterized by reduced
      response to recall skin tests, reduced total lymphocyte and T-cell counts,
      reduced lymphocyte blastogenesis assays, increased B-cell counts and increased
      IgA and IgM. Significant immunosuppression was associated with prior radiation or
      chemotherapy, and with impaired patient performance status. There was no apparent
      correlation between extent of clinically evident malignant disease and immune
      function within this patient population. No assay of immune function matched the
      prognostic value of the more readily available and less expensive determinations
      of performance status, serum alkaline phosphatase, or SGOT. Only reactivity to
      recall skin tests had a significant correlation to patient survival independent
      of performance status. Among patients with little or no disability, only
      intensity of skin test reactivity correlated significantly with survival; and
      among those with greater disability, there was correlation only with proportion
      of skin tests positive. The combination of candida and streptokinase antigens
      provided the best recall skin test survival correlation. Adding a third, fourth,
      or fifth antigen did not add to prognostic value. From an overall standpoint, the
      immune determinants which we studied do not appear to provide useful additions to
      the evaluation of the patient with unresectable gastrointestinal cancer.

PMID- 376094
TI  - Intracerebral involvement in Hodgkin's disease: a report of 6 cases and review of
      the literature.
AB  - Intracerebral involvement in Hodgkin's disease is an unusual complication. Only
      28 cases have been reported. During the past twenty-four months, we have seen six
      patients with intracranial involvement. Five of the six patients were male and
      all had mixed cellular histology. We have found the cytocentrifuge examination of
      the cerebrospinal fluid, brain scan, angiography, and computerized axial
      tomography to be the most important diagnostic examinations. We feel that
      intracranial disease will be seen with increasing frequency as patients are
      living longer.

PMID- 376095
TI  - Combined chemotherapy cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisone
      (CVPP) vs. CVPP plus CCNU (CCVPP) in Hodgin's disease.

PMID- 376096
TI  - Active specific immunotherapy with tumor cells and Corynebacterium parvum: a
      phase I study.
AB  - Autologous, irradiated (10,000 rads) tumor cells mixed with C. parvum were given
      as weekly intracutaneous injections to fifteen patients with residual malignant
      disease. The toxicity was minimal and distinctly less than has been seen with
      tumor cell-BCG immunotherapy. A goal of 4 injections of 10(7) cells each was
      possible in only 4 patients because of limitations in methods of disaggregation
      and quantity of tumor available. The feasibility aspects are discussed and a case
      report of a prolonged regression is presented.

PMID- 376097
TI  - Rheumatoid factor in melanoma patients: alterations of humoral tumor immunity in
      vitro.
AB  - Rheumatoid factors (RF) were associated with alterations of antibody reactions to
      melanoma cells in vitro by two serologic assays. Removal of RF from melanoma
      patients' sera by absorption with Cohn's Fraction II coated latex particles
      enhanced seroreactivity in the Immune Adherence (IA) assay and diminished IgM
      detection by the Indirect Membrane Immunofluorescence (IMI) assay. The addition
      of serum with high titers of RF to these assay systems led to diminution of IA
      reactivity and enhancement of IgM detection by IMI. Since these factors are found
      in cancer patients' sera and can alter humoral immune reactions directed against
      antigens on the membranes of tumor cells, their presence should be recognized
      when performing assays with tumor target cells. RF may be of significance in the
      host-tumor relationship in vivo.

PMID- 376099
TI  - Primary gastrointestinal lymphomas: a classification of 66 cases.
AB  - Using routine histology, resin embedded sections and immunohistochemical
      techniques on formalin-fixed, paraffin processed tissue, 66 cases of primary
      gastrointestinal lymphoma have been classified. This study necessitated the
      development of reliable criteria to separate lymphomas of true histiocytic origin
      from those of lymphocytic origin. Among the morphologic properties of malignant
      histiocytes were complex pleomorphic nuclei, abundant well delineated cytoplasm
      and phagocytosis. These cells were shown to contain all major immunoglobulin
      chains, C3, lysozyme and in some cases alpha 1 antitrypsin. Malignant lymphomas
      derived from histiocytes could be divided into two groups: malignant
      histiocytosis of the intestine (MHI), a recently described diffuse pleomorphic
      lymphoma associated with villous atrophy of the small intestine, and histiocytic
      lymphoma (HL) which forms solid tumor masses in a similar manner to lymphocyte
      derived tumors. Immunohistochemical studies of lymphocyte derived tumors were
      negative apart from one case with plasmacytoid differentiation. Of the 66 cases,
      50% were of histiocytic origin (33% MHI, 17% HL) and 41% of lymphocyte origin,
      there was one case of Hodgkin's disease and five cases were unclassified. The
      role of the histiocyte in gastrointestinal mucosa deserves further study.

PMID- 376098
TI  - Prospective comparison of intralesional and multipuncture BCG in recurrent
      intradermal melanoma.
AB  - Fifty-nine patients with metastatic melanoma predominantly localized in the skin
      were randomly assigned to treatment with BCG given either intralesionally (IL
      BCG) or by multiple puncture vaccination at a nontumor bearing site in the skin
      (MPV-BCG). Half the patients with IL-BCG experienced moderate fever, chills and
      malaise, suggesting systemic exposure to this live organism. However, only three
      of these patients required systemic antituberculous chemotherapy and all
      responded to it. MPV-BCG treated patients experienced significantly less systemic
      toxicity. Among fully evaluable patients 45% objective response rate was seen in
      the IL-BCG group and a 9% response rate in the MPV-BCG group, a significant
      difference. The only complete responses were seen in the IL-BCG group. Among
      fully evaluable patients, median survival was 21.1 months in the IL-BCG group and
      13.3 months in the MPV-BCG groups (NSD). No patients with pretreatment anergy to
      all skin tests utilized, experienced objective response to BCG.

PMID- 376100
TI  - Coexistence of leukemic reticuloendotheliosis and histiocytic lymphoma: a case
      report.
AB  - A 65-year-old woman had pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and an inaspirable bone
      marrow. Diagnostic evaluation demonstrated that she had both leukemic
      reticuloendotheliosis (LRE), or hairy cell leukemia, and an additional lympho
      reticular neoplasm, most likely a "histiocytic" lymphoma. The diagnosis of LRE
      was based on the histopathology of spleen tissue and of a bone marrow biopsy
      specimen. The diagnosis of diffuse "histiocytic" lymphoma was based on the
      histopathology of a splenic hilar and a mesenteric lymph node, tumor nodules in
      the kidney and spleen, and tissue from a mass obstructing a ureter. This is the
      first well-documented association of a second lympho-reticular neoplasm with LRE.
      Even relatively gently treatment of the "histiocytic" lymphoma resulted in fatal
      pancytopenia, illustrating the restricitons on therapy imposed by the marrow
      impairment due to the LRE.

PMID- 376101
TI  - Erythroleukemia in a renal transplant recipient.
AB  - A 53-year-old male developed acute erythroleukemia three years after renal
      transplantation. He had received three years of immunosuppressive therapy with
      azathioprine. A preleukemia phase associated with chromosome abnormalities was
      recognized. Azathioprine has been associated with chromosome abnormalities. The
      chronic stimulation of an abnormal erythroid clone by transplantation may have
      hastened the development of erythroleukemia.

PMID- 376102
TI  - Interaction of drugs, hormones, and nutrition in the causes of cancer.
AB  - Hormones may act as promoters in the carcinogenic process, and occasionally their
      metabolites may act as antihormones or have new physiologic effects. Drugs can
      interact with the endocrine system in many ways. They can promote secretion of a
      hormone, alter its rate of removal from plasma, change plasma protein-binding
      characteristics, or modify routes of metabolism. Estrogens have a preparative
      effect on the uterine endometrium. There are biologic, clinical and epidemiologic
      reasons for believing that estrogen administration to postmenopausal women
      increases the risk for endometrial cancer. Although there are similar biologic
      reasons to associate prolonged estrogenic stimulation with breast cancerr,
      evidence for such an association is weak. Oral contraceptive use has been
      associated with a variety of hepatocellular tumors. Although estrogens, per se,
      can effect several hepatic functions, it seems likely that the 17 alpha-alkyl and
      17 alpha-ethinyl functions of the progestins and estrogens are involved in this
      process. The role of estrogen use during pregnancy in the causation of vaginal
      cancer in female offspring and the role of androgens in prostate cancer have been
      discussed.

PMID- 376103
TI  - Mechanism of action of diet as a carcinogen.
AB  - Stomach cancer in the United States has decreased over the last 50 years. It is
      still a major type of neoplasm in Japan, Eastern and Northern Europe, and parts
      of Latin America. Current concepts suggest that the reduction of gastric cancer
      in the U. S. stems from an increased consumption of foods with vitamin C on a
      year round basis, which is shown to antagonize the formation of putative gastric
      carcinogens. Risk factors for large bowel, breast, and prostate cancer are
      totally different from those for gastric cancer and thus are amenable to
      independent controls, with the goal of ultimately reducing the risk and
      preventing these major cancers in man. Current research aims to identify the
      nature of the mutagenic materials obtained during the frying of protein
      containing foods. This process may be involved in the generation of carcinogens
      for cancer of the colon, breast, and prostate. Cancer of the colon is subject to
      somewhat different controlling elements than cancer of the breast because of the
      nature of the cell kinetics governing these tissues. Thus, the mechanism of
      action of diet involves lifestyle. The type, quality, and mode of cooking of
      food, particularly, play important roles in the etiology of the main human
      cancers in the gastrointestinal tract and the endocrine-sensitive organs.

PMID- 376105
TI  - Anorexia as a general effect of cancer.

PMID- 376104
TI  - Cancer cachexia.
AB  - Cancer cachexia is characterized clinically by anorexia, early satiety, weight
      loss. anemia, and marked asthenia. The syndrome is not the result of
      semistarvation alone but it represents a complex metabolic problem. In the host
      there are abnormalities in metabolism of energy, carbohydrate, lipid and protein,
      in water content, in acid-base balance, in electrolyte, mineral and vitamin
      concentrations, alterations in the activity of host tissue enzymes and changes in
      endocrine homeostasis and immunologic mechanisms. The cancer initiates and
      contributes to the genesis of the syndrome but complications of the disease and
      the treatment may also play a role. Only the control of the cancer can reverse
      completely the syndrome. It was proposed that cancer peptides throw the host
      metabolism into a chaotic biochemical state by activating and inactivating host
      enzymes. This results in increased energy expenditure; the released host
      metabolites and trapped by the growing cancer.

PMID- 376106
TI  - Effects of cancer on nutrition: impaired organ system effects.
AB  - The specific organ system effects of cancer and its treatment have been reviewed
      from the standpoint of nutritional impact. Nutritional impairment may occur as
      the result of specific organ system malfunction, and malnutrition itself may
      impair organ system functions in such a way as to compound these deficits.
      Nonmalignant, acute, and chronic illnesses resemble cancer in many ways,
      particularly in their ability to produce malnutrition and these organ system
      malfunctions. It is apparent that there is nothing particularly unique about many
      of these cancer states, from the standpoint of nutritional deficiency, that is
      not found in nonneoplastic conditions.

PMID- 376107
TI  - Metabolic response to surgery in the cancer patient: consequences of aggressive
      multimodality therapy.
AB  - The metabolic response to uncomplicated surgery in the patient undergoing primary
      therapy for malignancy is no different than the response to surgery of similar
      magnitude for benign disease. Hemodynamic, nutritional-endocrine, and
      convalescent changes are similar. However, with current aggressive approaches to
      the management of cancer, the patient often comes to surgery with evidence of
      major debilitating side effects from his progressive malignancy or from
      aggressive multimodality therapy. The surgeon must be aware of the consequences
      of the use of combination therapies on the expected metabolic response to
      surgery. Awareness of such problems such as the nutritional deficit will allow
      preventive methods to supercede metabolic salvage procedures.

PMID- 376108
TI  - Editorial: etiology of nutritional fads.

PMID- 376110
TI  - Nutrients, vitamins and minerals as therapy.
AB  - Nutrients as therapy for patients with cancer are important as adjunctive
      therapy, i.e., adequate nutrition may be important for the success of whatever
      form of therapy is administered. Diets deficient in certain amino acids have some
      selectivity when tested against experimental tumors propagated in vivo. Such
      diets have had limited clinical trial and have been characterized by poor patient
      acceptance. Enzymes that produce deficiencies of certain amino acids, e.g.,
      asparaginase, glutaminase, methioninase appear to offer a more reasonable
      approach to development of selective amino acid deficiencies in man. Trace metals
      in excessive amounts may be toxic or carcinogenic to the host. Two heavy metal
      salts, Cis-diamine dichloroplatinum and gallium nitrate, have recently been shown
      to have anti-neoplastic effects in man. There is no conclusive evidence that
      vitamins, administered in large doses, have significant antineoplastic effects
      although large doses of vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin B12 have been used for
      this purpose. In contrast, certain vitamin analogs such as folate antimetabolites
      can cause tumor regression and are useful clinical treatment. An enzyme,
      carboxypeptidase G1, by splitting naturally occurring folates, may also have
      promise as a method of producing enzymic folate deficiency.

PMID- 376109
TI  - Nutrients, vitamins and minerals in cancer prevention: facts and fallacies.
AB  - In this paper, a summary is first presented of the important facts that have
      linked diet and dietary habits to human cancers, with the purpose of identifying
      the sources and extent of food fallacies that associate "nutrients, vitamins, and
      minerals" in cancer prevention. Then examples are presented of the many fallacies
      that persuade consumers to make dangerous, inappropriate and/or ineffective
      dietary choices. Minimizing food faddism and dietary quackery with its false
      claims about diet and cancer requires an important counterchallenge on the part
      of health professionals. There is a great need to determine the possible role of
      nutrients and dietary components in the development of neoplastic disease in
      human populations in order to develop rational and safe food and nutrition
      policies. Concurrently, nutrition education should receive increased research
      support in order to improve techniques and approaches for informing policy
      makers, the food industry and public accurately and objectively of the recent
      advances in the study of nutrition and cancer prevention and their practical and
      health significance.

PMID- 376111
TI  - Dietary and nutritional implications in the multifactorial etiology of certain
      prevalent human cancers.
AB  - It has been estimated that 80--90% of the cancer rate in the U. S. can be
      attributed to environmental factors. For the last 20 years the role of smoking
      has been recognized by the scientific community. However it is only recently that
      the role of diet, i.e., food and beverages in carcinogenesis has begun to be
      recognized. It is likely that diet is more important than smoking in cancer
      causation. Both human and animal studies support this assumption. The study of
      special populations in the U. S. such as the Mormons and the Seventh Day
      Adventists also point to the potential of reducing U. S. cancer rates and
      individual risk factors through the modification of dietary habits. The major
      hypotheses of the role of dietary and nutritional factors in cancer etiology are
      examined in light of current scientific knowledge. General guideline for the
      reduction of risk from the major chronic diseases are also discussed.

PMID- 376112
TI  - Historical review of the American Association of Cancer Research, Inc., 1941-
      1978.

PMID- 376113
TI  - Improvement in the therapeutic, immunological, and clearance properties of
      Escherichia coli and Erwinia carotovora L-asparaginases by attachment of poly-DL
      alanyl peptides.
AB  - The chemical modification of both Escherichia coli and Erwinia carotovora
      asparaginases by a DL-alanine-N-carboxyanhydride polymerization technique
      produced modified enzymes which had greater protease stability, retained most of
      their catalytic activity, and demonstrated a 7- to 10-fold prolongation in plasma
      clearance properties in normal mice and rats. Concomitantly, plasma substrate
      depletion was also extended 5 to 13 days longer for the modified as compared with
      the native enzymes. For preparations of modified enzymes with plasma half-lives
      longer than 24 hr, the therapeutic activity was superior to that of the native
      enzymes. In addition, the modified E. coli preparations were less immunogenic in
      mice than was the native enzyme, and they cross-reacted with antibodies developed
      to the native enzyme to a 300-fold lesser degree, such that the modified enzyme
      still showed prolonged clearance in an animal which had been immunized previously
      to the native enzyme. The native enzyme was immediately cleared from the plasma
      of such immune animals, although hyperimmune animals would rapidly clear both the
      native and modified enzymes. Similarly, the modified E. carotovora enzyme would
      cross-react to a 500-fold lesser degree with antibodies developed against the
      native E. carotovora enzyme.

PMID- 376115
TI  - Antibody-induced movement of common melanoma membrane antigens on the surface of
      unfixed human melanoma cells.
AB  - Antisera to common human melanoma antigens were obtained from melanoma patients
      receiving autologous immunization with their own irradiated cultured melanoma
      cells and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin. The antibody thus derived was used to detect
      common antigens on the plasma membrane of three different human melanoma cell
      lines by membrane immunofluorescence. The antigen-antibody complexes on the
      surface of melanoma cells would move to a pole (capping) and would subsequently
      be extruded into the extracellular milieu at room temperature. Approximately 25
      to 30% of viable cells were positive by immunofluorescence. However, when the
      cells were fixed with methanol, 60 to 70% of cells demonstrated membrane binding.
      Capping was inhibited at 0 degrees or when the cells were pretreated with
      vinblastine sulfate. It can be concluded that common tumor antigens exist on the
      surface of viable human melanoma cells and that the redistribution of antigen
      antibody complexes is an active process. The extrusion of antigen-antibody
      complexes in vitro may represent a mechanism of antigenic modulation in vivo and
      could indicate a basic method of tumor survival since presumably the antigen
      denuded cell is viable and capable of replication but not of recognition by
      subsequent effector immune events.

PMID- 376114
TI  - Effect of 2-nitrofluorene, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, and azoxymethane on Salmonella
      typhimurium mutants in the gastrointestinal tract of gnotobiotic rats.

PMID- 376116
TI  - Eponymic cancer institutes in the United States.

PMID- 376117
TI  - Kinetics of cell kill by hyperthermia.
AB  - A review of published reports showed that there was surprisingly good agreement
      between different authors on the heat sensitivity of a particular cell line. For
      several cell lines, there was a marked difference in the heat of inactivation
      above 43 degrees (deltaH = 148 kcal/mol) and below 43 degrees (deltaH = 365
      kcal/mol). This may indicate different mechanisms of cell killing above and below
      this temperature. With all cell lines tested, M- and S-phase cells were much more
      heat sensitive than were G1 or G2 cells. The heat sensitivity of S-phase cells is
      in contrast to the resistance of these cells to X-rays. The effect of
      hyperthermia on cell progression is discussed. The possibility of greater
      sensitivity of neoplastic cells to hyperthermia as compared to normal cells seems
      very promising.

PMID- 376118
TI  - Possible benefits of hyperthermia to chemotherapy.
AB  - The advantages of hyperthermia for chemotherapy are discussed in detail. These
      advantages are (a) synergy with chemotherapeutic drugs and also with ionizing
      radiation, (b) low host toxicity, (c) ease of control (heating precisions in the
      range of +/- 0.1 degrees C and specific definable localized areas), and (d) low
      resistance (chemotherapeutic resistance and hyperthermic resistance). The
      potential for hyperthermia and chemotherapy in the treatment of specific human
      cancers, both disseminated and solid tumors, are discussed with respect to
      current therapy and the possible benefit of hyperthermia treatment.

PMID- 376119
TI  - Assessment of current hyperthermia technology.
AB  - The current state of the art in techniques for the production and control of
      whole-body and local hyperthermia is discussed. Techniques of radio-frequency,
      microwave, and ultrasonic local hyperthermia are considered and compared.
      Problems of thermometry and control system integration are defined, and requisite
      biophysical data requirements are established. A bibliography is provided to
      serve both as an introduction to the hyperthermia literature for researchers from
      other fields and as a convenient compendium of original sources for scientists
      currently engaged in hyperthermia research.

PMID- 376120
TI  - Quantitative tumor cytochemistry--G.H.A. Clowes Memorial Lecture.
AB  - Quantitative optical cytochemistry permits the determination of many different
      parameters in whole cells or parts of cells. Total amounts of DNA, RNA, and
      protein and/or the amounts of these substances in nucleus or nucleolus are
      examples. Techniques in this field have contributed considerably to the
      development of our present conceptions of normal cell growth and regulation.
      Normal cell study has, however, predominated so that tumor work has not yet been
      very extensive, even though quite eqrly on, in the 1940's, a conspicuous
      cytochemical peculiarity was found in cancers, namely, a pronounced variability
      between cells with regard to several measurable parameters. The result has been
      different kinds of technical difficulties, which are especially great in work on
      tumor material. However, as years passed, a fair amount of information was
      accumulated from studies of different parameters in tumors. Only a few years ago
      this experience clearly indicated that, provided very considerable improvements
      were made in technique, several cytochemical methods could be used as efficient
      supplements to morphological cytodiagnostic work, especially in such important
      clinical fields as preneoplasia identification, malignancy grading, and judgment
      of the state of growth of for instance, hormone-stimulated populations and also
      the distinction, so difficult in morphology, between "atypical hyperplasia" and
      "truly malignant" states. In an effort to eliminate the foremost of these
      technical difficulties, during the last few years we have developed a
      comprehensive system for large-scale uni- and multiparameter measurements aimed
      specifically at the types of specimens encountered in cytopathological work. The
      system is based on cytophotometry in ultraviolet and visible light,
      interferometry, and fluorometry and also encompasses special arrangements to
      simplify the identification and recovery of individual cells for different types
      of study. Instruments for facilitation of the comparison of cytochemical results
      with morphological findings are also included.

PMID- 376122
TI  - Protective effect of oral Salmonella enteritidis 11RX infection against colon
      tumor induction by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in mice.
AB  - Infection of mice with Salmonella enteritidis 11RX has been shown previously to
      cause nonspecific immune stimulation and, consequently, resistance to subsequent
      challenge with a variety of transplantable tumors. The present study has examined
      the effect of infection with this organism in a chemical carcinogenesis system.
      Colonic tumors were induced in LACA and BALB/c x C57BL/6JF1 mice by weekly s.c.
      injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (15 mg/kg) for 28 weeks. Infection of mice
      p.o. with live S. enteritidis 11RX at 8-week intervals during 1,2
      dimethylhydrazine administration protected both strains against colon
      tumorigenesis. Significantly fewer infected than control BALB/c x C57BL/6JF1 mice
      had colonic tumors at or before termination of the experiment (34 or 40 weeks) (p
      less than 0.001 in all cases). Comparable results were obtained with both male
      and female mice. The difference in tumor incidence between control and infected
      LACA mice was not statistically significant, however; the number and size of the
      lesions was greater in control mice (p less than 0.02). Although it has not been
      proven that the protective effect is mediated by the immune system, the results
      are consistent with the operation of a macrophage-mediated surveillance system.
      It is suggested that enteric infections should be considered as a possible
      contributing factor in the epidemiology of human colonic cancer.

PMID- 376121
TI  - Carcinogenicity of 2-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene and 6-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene in newborn
      mice.
AB  - Benzo(a)pyrene (BP), 2-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene (2-HOBP), and 6
      hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene (6-HOBP) were tested for tumorigenicity by i.p. injection
      into newborn mice. The mice were treated sequentially with 200, 400, and 800 nmol
      of compound on the first, eighth and fifteenth day of life, and the animals were
      killed at 24 weeks of age. Treatment with 2-HOBP caused about 4-fold more
      pulmonary tumors than BP, while 6-HOBP had little or no tumorigenic activity.
      Newborn mice treated with 2-HOBP, BP, and 6-HOBP had a 98, 81, and 11% incidence
      of pulmonary adenomas with an average of 24, 6.4, and 0.11 adenomas per mouse,
      respectively. In the control group, 7.5% of the animals had pulmonary adenomas
      with an average of 0.08 adenoma per mouse. When 25, 50, or 100 nmol of BP or 2
      HOBP was applied to mouse skin once every 2 weeks for 60 weeks, both compounds
      had about the same carcinogenic activity. These results demonstrate the
      importance of evaluating the carcinogenic potential of chemicals in more than one
      tumor system. BP and 2-HOBP were tested for mutagenicity towards two strains of
      Salmonella typhimurium and towards Chinese hamster V79 cells in the presence of
      hepatic microsomes from rats pretreated with Aroclor 1254. The products formed
      during the metabolism of 2-HOBP or BP by liver microsomes had significant
      mutagenic activity.

PMID- 376123
TI  - Obituary: Wilhelm Bernhard 1920-1978.

PMID- 376124
TI  - A historical overview of alcohol and alcoholism.

PMID- 376125
TI  - Measurements of drinking patterns in the general population and possible
      applications in studies of the role of alcohol in cancer.
AB  - Quantitative information on alcohol consumption patterns derives from four
      possible sources: indirect measures, observational studies, aggregate consumption
      statistics, and sample surveys of general populations. The potentials and
      problems of each method are briefly discussed, with primary attention to the
      various traditions of survey questioning and data analysis. While medically
      oriented epidemiologists have often used only an overall drinking volume measure,
      social scientists have pointed to the importance also of variability in
      characterizing drinking, particularly in relation to social and casualty as
      opposed to chronic health problems with drinking. The dimensions of drinking
      patterns which might be relevant to hypothesized linkages of alcohol and cancer
      are discussed. It is suggested that measurement will need to extend beyond volume
      of drinking and may indeed involve studies of new kinds of dimensions in the
      patterning of drinking.

PMID- 376126
TI  - Etiological and preventive implications in alcohol carcinogenesis.
AB  - The current state of knowledge of the epidemiological association of alcohol and
      tobacco consumption with cancers of the head and neck in humans is reviewed. The
      possible involvement of alcohol-associated nutritional deficiencies in the
      etiology of head and neck cancer is considered. Data are presented which indicate
      that in vitro metabolism of the hepatocarcinogen N-nitrosopyrrolidine is
      increased in microsomal fractions isolated from ethanol-consuming hamsters.
      Relevant studies in experimental animals are discussed in the context of possible
      mechanisms that could account for the increased risk of cancer in heavy drinkers
      who smoke.

PMID- 376127
TI  - Current status of experimental chemical carcinogenesis and its applications to
      human cancer risk.
AB  - The history of chemical carcinogenesis is a record of the observations of
      physicians and epidemiologists of the relation between the occurrence of uncommon
      cancers in humans and the exposures of those people to certain chemical agents.
      In parallel with some of these findings, experimental animal models were
      developed to imitate the findings in humans. From these experimental studies has
      been obtained most of the information we have about the mechanisms of chemical
      carcinogenesis. Many of the biochemical studies have focused on liver cancer
      which might be an inappropriate general model for chemically induced cancer,
      liver cancer being comparatively rare in humans. It is not known to what extent
      exposures to any particular chemical carcinogens are responsible for the major
      human cancers, and the agents responsible for most of them are not known. It is
      probable that many noncarcinogenic chemicals act as promotors of carcinogenesis,
      and among these alcohol can be included as in important contributor.

PMID- 376128
TI  - Methotrexate and central nervous system toxicity.

PMID- 376129
TI  - Simulation experiments of tumor measurement in clinical trials.
AB  - A simple model of tumor growth involving stochastic growth factors as well as
      measurement errors in explored in the context of a simulated "clinical trial"
      comparing two treatments. The model shows how treatment effects on tumor growth
      translate themselves into "improvement rates" derived from measurement on
      diameters. Furthermore, it shows that treatment contrasts of considerable
      magnitude (such as doubling of mass or volume versus shrinkage to one half) may
      escape recognition in clinical trials. A number of "power" tables are presented
      that provide the probability of making correct judgments of treatment effects.
      The tables indicate that the actual power in trials of this nature is in
      satisfactory agreement with that claimed in the standard power tables which are
      currently used in guiding trial strategy based on improvement rates.

PMID- 376131
TI  - Therapeutic effect of tamoxifen versus tamoxifen combined with
      medroxyprogesterone acetate in advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
AB  - Postmenopausal patients, those less than 68 years of age resistant to
      chemotherapy and those greater than 68 years of age with or without resistance to
      chemotherapy, entered this trial. Among 101 eligible patients, 46 were randomized
      to treatment with tamoxifen at a dose of 10 mg 3 times daily and 55 were
      randomized to treatment with tamoxifen at a dose of 10 mg 3 times daily plus
      medroxyprogesterone acetate at a dose of 100 mg once daily. Remission (partial
      plus complete) was obtained in 20 patients (45%) with tamoxifen compared to 14
      patients (26%) with tamoxifen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate; however, this
      difference is not significantly different. The median duration of remission was
      also not significantly different between the two treatments: 10 months for the
      single drug compared with 9 months for the combined treatment. Response rates
      correlated with the presence of estrogen receptor, with no differences between
      the two treatment groups. Side effects occurred in 12 patients and in only one
      patient did they cause discontinuation of treatment. In conclusion, these results
      and theoretic considerations indicate that combined treatment with tamoxifen and
      medroxyprogesterone acetate is not better than treatment with tamoxifen alone.

PMID- 376130
TI  - Baker's antifol in children with late-stage acute lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 376132
TI  - Procarbazine, vinblastine, and actinomycin D in stage III and IV melanoma with or
      without methanol-extracted residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin.
AB  - Patients with stage III and IV melanoma were randomly assigned to receive
      procarbazine (100 mg/m2, Days 1--10), vinblastine (5 mg/m2, Days 1 and 8), and
      actinomycin D (0.5 mg/m2, Days 1 and 8) with or without methanol-extracted
      residue (MER) of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (200 micrograms in five sites). In
      patients with measurable disease, 20% (eight of 40 patients) responded with only
      the combination chemotherapy while 15% (six of 39 patients) responded with the
      MER added. Toxicity was tolerable except for some instances of severe,
      gastrointestinal toxicity associated with procarbazine. MER as given in this
      study, failed to either increase the response rate or prolong survival.

PMID- 376134
TI  - Chemotherapy for stage III-IV epithelial ovarian cancer with cis
      dichlorodiammineplatinum(II), adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide: a preliminary
      report.

PMID- 376133
TI  - Treatment and immunodiagnosis of advanced ovarian adenocarcinoma: a preliminary
      report.
AB  - High-dose methotrexate with leucovorin rescue plus cyclophosphamide resulted in a
      66.6% objective response rate with a 50% complete response rate. These
      preliminary results are higher than our previous results with melphalan alone or
      actinomycin D, 5-fluorouracil, and cyclophosphamide in women with advanced
      ovarian adenocarcinoma. Circulating ovarian cystadenocarcinoma-associated antigen
      serum levels were positive in 69.8% of patients and correlated with response to
      chemotherapy in 70% of patients. To date, all of the patients with advanced
      ovarian adenocarcinoma were found to have elevated galactosyltransferase levels.
      Galactosyltransferase levels correlated with response to therapy in the first
      five patients followed serially.

PMID- 376135
TI  - Preliminary report of a clinical trial of the treatment of patients with advanced
      stage III and IV ovarian cancer with melphalan, 5-fluorouracil, and methotrexate
      in combination and sequentially: a study of the Clinical Trials Group of the
      National Cancer Institute of Canada.

PMID- 376137
TI  - Randomized study of chemoimmunotherapy for advanced ovarian carcinoma: a
      preliminary report of a Southwest Oncology Group study.

PMID- 376136
TI  - Controlled prospective trial of combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide,
      adriamycin, and 5-fluorouracil for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer: a
      preliminary report.

PMID- 376138
TI  - Ovarian carcinoma: an optimistic epilogue.

PMID- 376139
TI  - Proceedings of the Workshop on Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas (Mycosis Fungoides and
      Sezary Syndrome). Introduction.

PMID- 376141
TI  - Report of the Committee on Pathology of Cutaneous T Cell Lymphomas.

PMID- 376140
TI  - Status report of 376 mycosis fungoides patients at 4 years: Mycosis Fungoides
      Cooperative Group.
AB  - The frequency and prognostic importance of various characteristics of patients
      registered by the Mycosis Fungoides Cooperative Group between November 1974 and
      December 1977 are reported. Variables which were considered include demographic
      and historical factors, symptoms, extent of disease, and other physical findings.
      A staging system which is based on the extent of skin involvement and the number
      of nodal sites clinically involved is described. Finally, a description of
      therapeutic results to date for patients randomized into Mycosis Fungoides
      Cooperative Group protocols is presented.

PMID- 376142
TI  - Exercise stress testing--current status.
AB  - This paper is a review of the stress testing literature applying current methods
      of evaluation and analysis of exercise stress testing data to modern practice.
      Advantages and disadvantages of various methods for stress testing are discussed.
      Interpretation of the exercise stress test and an extensive discussion of 'false
      positive tests' as well as 'false negative tests' and correlation of stress
      testing results with other parameters of coronary heart disease provide the
      reader with material which is particularly relevant to frequently encountered
      clinical situations. The implications of a negative and adequate stress test as
      well as various degrees of positivity of results are reviewed. Emphasis is placed
      on subgrouping patients with coronary artery disease by exercise stress testing
      results into reasonably homogeneous and clinically relevant subgroups. The
      usefulness of exercise stress testing in other conditions such as valvular heart
      disease, cardiac rehabilitation, postoperative coronary bypass evaluation and
      application of radionucleotide scanning are reviewed.

PMID- 376143
TI  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) induces coronary vasodilatation in anaesthetised dogs.
AB  - Prostacyclin (PGI2), the predominant metabolite of arachidonic acid in isolated
      hearts, relaxes strips of bovine coronary artery and is a potent vasodilator in
      isolated perfused hearts. We have examined the actions of prostacyclin on
      coronary blood flow in open chest dogs anaesthetised with chloralose. An
      electromagnetic flow probe was fitted to the left circumflex artery and phasic
      coronary flow, mean coronary flow (a measure of coronary volume flow over 4 s
      intervals), and coronary vascular resistance were recorded together with aortic
      pressure and heart rate. Intravenous infusion of prostacyclin (0.05 to 1.0
      microgram.kg.1.min.1), reduced coronary vascular resistance and aortic pressure
      according to dose, but had only small effects on phasic coronary flow or mean
      coronary flow. Both tachycardia and bradycardia occurred during infusion of
      prostacyclin, but 6-oxo-prostaglandin F1alpha (infused at 10 micrograms.kg-1.min
      1), the stable degradation produce of prostacyclin, had no cardiovascular
      effects. The coronary vasodilator effects of prostacyclin were clear when it was
      injected into the left circumflex artery via a fine catheter distal to the flow
      probe. Prostacyclin (0.05 to 0.5 microgram) increased phasic coronary flow and
      mean coronary flow up to 3 fold and reduced coronary vascular resistance without
      affecting aortic pressure or heart rate, although higher doses had systemic
      effects. Prostaglandin E1 (0.1 to 0.5 microgram), which also dilated the coronary
      vessels, had a longer lasting effect and was 1 to 4 times more potent than
      prostacyclin. Prostaglandin E2, (0.5 to 4 microgram) was less potent than
      prostacyclin. In four dogs prostacyclin (20 to 500 micrograms) applied
      epicardially to the left ventricle caused marked and prolonged coronary
      vasodilatation. Epicardial application of prostacyclin (10 to 25 micrograms) to
      the right ventricle increased coronary sinus oxygen content with minimal changes
      in blood pressure. The endoperoxide prostaglandin H2 was a coronary vasodilator
      of similar potency to prostacyclin, but its analogue U46619 is a vasoconstrictor.
      Inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase with indomethacin (5 mg.kg-1 i.v.) or sodium
      meclofenamate (2 mg.kg-1 i.v.) potentiated the coronary dilator effects of
      prostacyclin given intravenously or into the coronary artery. Cyclo-oxygenase
      inhibition did not alter the hypotensive effects and increased the coronary
      vasodilator potency of prostacyclin relative to prostaglandin E2. Thus the
      sensitivity of the coronary vascular bed to prostacyclin is enhanced when
      endogenous biosynthesis of prostaglandin-like substances is inhibited. Although
      the importance of arachidonic acid metabolites in the coronary circulation still
      requires validation in vivo, it is clear that prostacyclin, and not prostaglandin
      E2, is the prostaglandin most likely to be involved.

PMID- 376144
TI  - The effect of toothbrushing with a toothpaste containing amyloglucosidase and
      glucose oxidase on plaque accumulation and gingivitis.

PMID- 376145
TI  - The effect of brushing with a toothpaste containing amyloglucosidase and glucose
      oxidase on dental caries in rats.

PMID- 376146
TI  - [In memoriam Ludwig Hirszfeld (1884-1954)].

PMID- 376148
TI  - [Disease, diagnosis and automatic computers ].

PMID- 376147
TI  - [Yoga and cardiovascular disease prevention (author's transl)].

PMID- 376149
TI  - [Present-day state of heart transplantation in clinical practice (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 376150
TI  - [A selection of cardiological problems involved in heart transplant operation
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 376151
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistant Professor Jiri Konig, C.Sc].

PMID- 376152
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistant Professor Miroslav Salava].

PMID- 376153
TI  - "Epilim" in intractable epilepsy of childhood.

PMID- 376155
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of the 1st organization of Czechoslovak gynecologists.
      (Significance of the Czechoslovak Gynecological and Obstetrical Society)].

PMID- 376154
TI  - Control of chloroplast formation by light.
AB  - Light controls the formation of plastid ultrastructure and the synthesis of
      chlorophyll, plastid membrane constituents and Calvin cycle enzymes. A respective
      light-mediated regulation of the genetic apparatus in the nucleus and the plastid
      compartment has been reported. Three photoreactions are involved in the
      regulation: (1) the protochlorophyll (ide) leads to chlorophyll (ide) a
      photoconversion, (2) the formation of physiologically active phytochrome and (3)
      light absorption by a blue light receptor (cryptochrome). The chloroplast
      formation in higer plants is chiefly controlled by active phytochrome, while in
      lower plants cryptochrome is the prevailing regulatory factor.

PMID- 376156
TI  - [Indometacin therapy for idiopathic dysmenorrhea (author's transl)].

PMID- 376157
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Chief Physician Lotar Gronsky].

PMID- 376158
TI  - [The 30th anniversary of the Czechoslovak Society of J.E. Purkyne].

PMID- 376159
TI  - [Hydrophthalmos].

PMID- 376160
TI  - [Use of radionuclides in ophthalmological diagnosis].

PMID- 376161
TI  - [Contributions of genetics on the etiology of retinoblastoma].

PMID- 376162
TI  - [Lacrimal proteins].

PMID- 376163
TI  - [In memoriam Chief Physician Eugen Weiszlovits].

PMID- 376164
TI  - [Interaction relationships in drawings by pedopsychiatric patients (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 376166
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistant Professor Lubomir Pelikan].

PMID- 376165
TI  - [Various psychotherapeutic experiences in preschool children with chronic
      respiratory diseases].

PMID- 376167
TI  - [The 65th anniversary of Professor Vladimir Galanda, C. Sc].

PMID- 376168
TI  - [Valproate (dipropyl acetate)--a new-series antiepileptic drug].

PMID- 376169
TI  - Studies on transfer ribonucleic acids and related compounds. XXV. Synthesis of E.
      coli tRNA(met)(f) 5'-terminal tetranucleotide C-G-C-Gp and its sequence analog U
      G-C-Gp.

PMID- 376170
TI  - [Recurrences of herpetic disease after keratoplasty].

PMID- 376171
TI  - [Urrets-Zavalia syndrome].

PMID- 376172
TI  - [The vision of Henri de Toulouse Lautrec].

PMID- 376173
TI  - Distribution, surface density, and membrane area of diadic junctional contacts
      between plasma membrane and terminal cisterns in mammalian ventricle.
AB  - The surface density of diadic junctional complexes (DJC) between plasmalemma and
      terminal cisternal membrane, as well as the areas of plasmalemmal and cisternal
      membrane involved in DJC, have been determined morphometrically in external
      plasmalemmal envelope and T-system of rabbit, rat, and mouse ventricular heart
      muscle. In all three species, both the surface density and the plasmalemmal area
      of DJC are 4- to 6-fold greater in the T-system than in the external plasmalemmal
      envelope. The surface density and DJC membrane area per unit cell volume and per
      unit myofibrillar volume increase in the order rabbit less than rat congruent to
      mouse and are not related simply to basal heart rate or intraventricular
      pressure. The results show that if Ca2+ release is a function of terminal
      cisterns, then, in ventricular heart muscle, most of the Ca2+ thus released for
      myofibrillar activation must originate from cisterns associated with the T
      system. They make it necessary to consider the possibility that the 20--50% of
      plasmalemma in the T-system that is involved in excitation-contraction coupling
      may be unavailable for other processes; and they show that interspecies
      differences in surface density and membrane area of DJC/unit cellular and
      myofibrillar volume correlate with differences in Ca2+- activated Ca2+ release in
      skinned fibers and with differences in rate of tension development described for
      intact rat and rabbit ventricular muscle.

PMID- 376174
TI  - Increased sheep lung vascular permeability caused by Escherichia coli endotoxin.
AB  - We infused Escherichia coli endotoxin, 0.07-1.33 microgram/kg, intravenously into
      chronically instrumented unanesthetized sheep and measured pulmonary arterial and
      left atrial pressures, lung lymph flow, lymph and blood plasma protein
      concentrations, and arterial blood gases. Endotoxin caused a biphasic reaction:
      an early phase of pulmonary hypertension and a long late phase of steady state
      increased pulmonary vascular permeability during which pulmonary arterial and
      left atrial pressures were not increased significantly and lung lymph flow was 5
      times the baseline value. Lymph: plasma total protein concentration ratio during
      the late phase (0.76 +/- 0.04) was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than
      during baseline (0.66 +/- 0.03). The lymph response was reproducible. Lung lymph
      clearance of endogenous proteins with molecular radii (r) 35.5 to 96 A was
      increased during the steady state late phase of the reaction, but, as during
      baseline, clearance decreased as r increased. The endotoxin reaction was similar
      to the reaction to infusing whole Pseudomonas bacteria, except that endotoxin had
      less effect on pressures during the steady state response and caused a relatively
      larger increase in lymph clearance of large proteins. We conclude that E. coli
      endotoxin in sheep causes a long period of increased lung vascular permeability
      and may have a greater effect on large solute pathways across microvessels than
      do Pseudomonas bacteria.

PMID- 376176
TI  - Cardiovascular nuclear medicine.

PMID- 376175
TI  - Changes in diastolic time with various pharmacologic agents: implication for
      myocardial perfusion.
AB  - Diastolic time (DT) is calculated as the cycle length (RR) minus
      electromechanical systole (QS2). The ratio of DT (RR-QS2) to RR interval times
      100, or the percent diastole (%D), varies nonlinearly with heart rate (HR),
      increasing rapidly with decreasing HR. The effect of commonly used cardioactive
      agents on %D was studied in five groups of normal subjects. In group 1 (n = 12),
      propranolol (160 mg daily) increased %D from 55.9 +/- 1.7 to 64.7 +/- 1.3 (p less
      than 0.001) by slowing HR. In group 2 (n = 12), dobutamine (2.5
      micrograms/kg/min) increased %D from 56.4 +/- 1.4 to 61.8 +/- 1.3 (p less than
      0.005) by shortening the QS2. In group 3 (n = 10), Cedilanid-D (1.6 mg i.v.)
      increased %D from 55.5 +/- 1 to 63.2 +/- 0.7 (p less than 0.001), both by slowing
      the HR and shortening the QS2. In group 4 (n = 12), isoproterenol (2
      micrograms/min) increased HR and shortened the QS2 significantly. The net result
      was a significant reduction of %D from 56.1 +/- 1.4 to 53.5 +/- 1.1, (p less than
      0.05). In group 5 (n = 15), a 100-mg bolus of i.v. lidocaine did not have a
      significant effect on %D. This study indicates that cardiovascular drugs may have
      significant effects on the relative duration of diastole either by affecting HR
      or the duration of systole. This may have clinical implications for patients with
      coronary artery disease and patients with left ventricular hypertrophy, since in
      both cases coronary flow in mostly diastolic.

PMID- 376178
TI  - Diastolic properties of the heart.

PMID- 376177
TI  - Normal left ventricular function.
AB  - The Starling relationship in the normal human ventricle may be different than
      usually portrayed. In normal, resting, supine man the ventricular function curve
      is at its peak at a left ventricular end-diastolic pressure of approximately 10
      mm Hg. Below this point is a strong direct relation between filling pressure and
      stroke work, while at higher filling pressures, a plateau occurs. Limitation of
      ventricular response is related to a sharply rising ventricular pressure-volume
      curve at a normal level of filling pressure. Thus, in the supine position, the
      normal heart is not on the active portion of the ventricular function curve, but
      is in a unique position in which cardiac output is probably controlled by factors
      other than ventricular filling pressure. In ventricular failure, the peak of the
      ventricular function curve is displaced to a higher level.

PMID- 376179
TI  - Veterans Administration cooperative study of surgery for coronary arterial
      occlusive disease: view from a noncooperating hospital.
AB  - Wadsworth Veterans Administration Hospital (VA-W) dropped out of the VA Coronary
      Cooperative Study (VA-Coop) in 1971 because of difficulty adhering to selection
      criteria, and because of the lack of standardization of surgical methods.
      Comparison of results from 1972-1974 showed the following differences:
      cardiopulmonary bypass time per graft, 61 minutes (VA-Coop) vs 33 minutes (VA-W);
      perioperative myocardial infarction (MI), 18% vs 6%; hospital mortality, 6% vs
      1%; revascularization index (patent grafts per patient determined by
      postoperative angiography divided by diseased arteries per patient), 0.55 (VA
      Coop) vs 0.84 (VA-W). However, the slopes of the actuarial survival curves were
      similar after the first year. In a group of patients operated on at UCLA and VA-W
      (UC-VA) during 1969-1971, the 1-year survival rate was 85%, but the annual death
      rate thereafter was also approximately 2% per year. The survival of VA-Coop
      surgical patients with three-vessel disease without left main lesions was
      significantly better (p less than 0.05 by Wilcoxon test) than the medical group
      with the 6-month (surgical) mortality adjusted to a more acceptable level (5%).
      These results indicate that coronary bypass surgery produces an annual mortality
      of approximately 2% per year after the first year. Differences in survival rates
      are due primarily to variations in first-year mortality, which is influenced by
      operative mortality as well as morbidity, incomplete revascularization, and low
      graft patency rate. In our view, the surgical results reported by the VA
      Cooperative Study are representative of an intermediary step in the development
      of coronary bypass surgery. The data, however, still indicate that surgical
      treatment results in better survival in patients with multivessel coronary
      disease.

PMID- 376180
TI  - Effect of septal myotomy and myectomy on left ventricular systolic function at
      rest and during exercise in patients with IHSS.
AB  - Patients with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS) have supernormal
      left ventricular systolic function at rest. Septal myotomy/myectomy reduces
      outflow obstruction and symptoms. However, it has been proposed that operation
      causes myocardial damage, with consequent reduction in left ventricular function
      and potentially deleterious long-term consequences, despite relief of symptoms.
      To evaluate the effect of myotomy and mylectomy on left ventricular function, we
      employed noninvasive radionuclide cineangiography at rest and during maximal
      exercise in21 consecutive patients with IHSS, before and 6 months after
      operation. In 30 normal subjects, the ejection fraction (EF) was 57 +/- 2% at
      rest and 71 +/- 2% during exercise. Before operation in patients with IHSS, the
      EF was supernormal at rest (76 +/- 2%, p less than 0.001), and normal during
      exercise (71 +/- 3%, NS). All patients improved from NYHA functional class III-IV
      preoperatively to class I-II postoperatively; the maximal provocable gradient
      invariably diminished (average, 100 +/- , mm Hg preop, 33 +/- 9 mm Hg postop, p
      less than 0.001). Postoperatively, the EF at rest was 67 +/- 2%, still
      supernormal, but less than that noted preoperatively (p less than 0.001). During
      exercise, the EF was 66 +/- 4%, only mildly diminished (p less than 0.01) from
      that preoperatively. We conclude that muscle resection during myotomy and
      myectomy usually does not cause any important impairment of global left
      ventricular function at rest or during exercise stress.

PMID- 376181
TI  - Long-term follow-up of the Hancock bioprosthetic heart valve: a 6-year review.
AB  - Clinical experience with the Hancock porcine bioprosthetic heart valve was
      reviewed in 467 patients (254 men and 213 women, 18--84 years old, average, 56
      years) who received 528 valves from January, 1972, to January, 1978. Associated
      procedures, including coronary bypass graft, ascending aortic aneurysm, and
      valvuloplasty were done in 102 of the 467 patients (22%). The overall operative
      mortality was 25/467 (5.6%), 12/226 (5.3%) for aortic valve replacement (AVR),
      11/183 (6%) for mitral valve replacement (MVR), and 2/58 (3.4%) for multiple
      valve replacement. The first 323 patients with a minimum follow-up of 16 months
      (16--75 months, average 33 months) were analyzed for survival and thromboemboli.
      Actuarial survival at 66--75 months was 75.7% for AVR, 79% for MVR, and 75.8% for
      multiple valve replacement. Emboli per 100 patient-years was 0.55 for AVR (no
      anticoagulants), 3.9 for MVR, and 4.8 for multiple valve replacement
      (anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation patients only); emboli occurred only in
      patients with atrial fibrillation. There were seven of 528 primary dysfunctional
      valves (1.3%): calcification in two, tissue failure in two, and fibrosis in
      three. A hemodynamic study of four patients with a 21 mm Hancock Modified Orifice
      aortic valve prosthesis showed improved orifice areas (greater than 1.3 cm2) over
      the standard aortic valve. The Hancock porcine xenograft bioprosthetic heart
      valve has been a durable heart valve in excess of 6 years and has a low
      associated incidence of thromboemboli in patients off anticoagulants except in
      those with chronic atrial fibrillation.

PMID- 376182
TI  - Investigations with the 'individual pollen collector' and the 'Burkard trap' with
      reference to hay fever patients.
AB  - Pollen collecting devices such as the 'Hirst' trap and the 'Burkard' apparatus
      provide information on average pollen content in the air during a certain time in
      a certain volume of air (e.g. 24 hr in 1 m3 air). They give no idea, however, of
      the allergenic particles to which individual hay fever patients are exposed to
      the course of a day. An 'Individual Pollen Collector', attached to the patient's
      clothing, showed that the counts varied considerably in different persons in the
      same place. They differed--quantitatively and qualitatively--from the values with
      the 'Burkard' pollen and spore traps at two places in Switzerland. The slides
      from the 'Individual Pollen Collector' frequently show 'clouds' of certain kinds
      of pollen grains, which could be responsible for hay fever attacks in moderately
      sensitized subjects.

PMID- 376183
TI  - RAST in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity to dog and cat allergens. A comparison
      of different extract preparations with clinical history, skin test and
      provocation tests.
AB  - A comparison was made of clinical signs and provocation tests with the RAST for
      allergy to dog in eight and cat in twenty patients. Twenty-two had high IgE
      levels and all gave positive reactions to provocation tests. A commercially
      available dog epithelium extract gave more positive RASTs than five other dog
      allergen preparations, and there were no positive reactions to dog serum. The
      RAST was negative in patients with a low degree of sensitivity. All twenty
      patients allergic to cat gave positive intracutaneous test reactions and in the
      RAST the cat epithelial allergen showed 90% agreement with the in vivo findings.

PMID- 376184
TI  - Determination of plasma octopamine and its level in renal disease.
AB  - A radioenzymatic assay method for the estimation of octopamine levels in plasma
      was developed. Preparation of the enzyme, phenylethanolamine-N-methyl
      transferase, dilution of the plasma sample, preparation of a suitable blank, and
      the assay conditions were found to have a significant effect on the sensitivity
      of the assay. Plasma octopamine levels were measured in a population of 33 normal
      individuals ranging in age from 19 to 94 years. Significantly higher plasma
      octopamine levels were found in the age group 70-90 years. Excluding those
      individuals over the age of 70 years, no significant differences in plasma
      octopamine levels were found for males or females, the range of values was 0 to
      0.68 ng per ml, with a mean value of 0.23 ng per ml (n = 25). Examination of
      plasma octopamine levels in patients with severe renal disease requiring
      hemoperfusion dialysis, revealed a significantly higher level of plasma
      octopamine in renal disease (1.9 ng per ml), and an increase in plasma octopamine
      during dialysis; the mean level post dialysis being 2.7 ng per ml.

PMID- 376186
TI  - Liquid-chromatographic assay of diazepam and its major metabolites in plasma.
AB  - We describe a method for simultaneous quantitation of diazepam and its
      metabolites, N-desmethyldiazepam and oxazepam, by reversed-phase liquid
      chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 254 nm. After extraction with
      chloroform at pH 11.0, the organic extract is evaporated, and the residue is
      reconstituted in a small volume of mobile-phase and chromatographed.
      Concentrations as low as 12 to 20 microgram/L can be detected after extraction of
      only 250 microL of plasma. The maximum within-day and day-to-day coefficients of
      variation for each compound at concentrations of 50, 250, and 1000 microgram/L
      are 8.0 and 10.3%, respectively. Of 14 commonly used anticonvulsant, sedative,
      and psychotherapeutic drugs, only carbamazepine and lorazepam may interfere with
      analysis for oxazepam or N-desmethyldiazepam, or both. Total chromatography time
      for a single sample is less than 10 min. Applicability of the method to diazepam
      disposition studies in children is illustrated.

PMID- 376187
TI  - Carbohydrate content of acid alpha-glucosidase (gamma-amylase) from human liver.
AB  - The presence of carbohydrates in homogeneous preparations of human liver acid
      alpha-glucosidase has been established and the carbohydrate content of the enzyme
      determined. The enzyme was purified with the specific purpose of removing all low
      molecular-weight carbohydrates. It was specifically adsorbed on Concanavalin A
      Sepharose, eluted with methyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside and gave a positive
      reaction with the phenol-sulphuric acid reagent. These facts taken together
      provide evidence that the enzyme studied is a glycoprotein. The analysis of the
      carbohydrate content of human liver acid alpha-glucosidase showed that there were
      8.3 glucosamine, 13.2 mannose and possibly 3--4 glucose residues per molecule of
      the enzyme with a molecular weight of 98,000.

PMID- 376185
TI  - Enzyme immunoassay of theophylline with the Abbott ABA-100.
AB  - The enzyme immunoassay of theophylline using the "EMIT" reagents was adapted to
      the Abbott ABA. The method greatly increases the maximum tests per kit. The
      correlation with high pressure liquid chromatography was 99%. No interference
      with bilirubin was found at 15 mg/dl. of total bilirubin. The method is useful
      for pediatric patients including newborns.

PMID- 376188
TI  - Influence of phenylethanolamine on octopamine plasma determination in hepatic
      encephalopathy.
AB  - Octopamine and phenylethanolamine levels were measured by a radioenzymatic
      procedure in 30 cirrhotic patients with and without hepatic coma and in 15 normal
      controls. Octopamine data were obtained either by direct extraction with 40%
      isoamyl alcohol in toluene according to Molinoff et al. (Molinoff, P.B.,
      Landsberg, L. and Axelrod, J. (1969) J. Pharm. Exp. Ther. 170, 253), or after pre
      extraction of phenylethanolamine with 3% isoamyl alcohol in toluene.
      Phenylethanolamine was statistically correlated with the grade of hepatic
      encephalopathy. Octopamine levels also appeared to parallel the grade of coma,
      although the values obtained after pre-extraction were lower and less significant
      than those obtained with 40% isoamyl alcohol in toluene extraction. The higher
      values of directly extracted octopamine are due to contamination of other beta
      hydroxylated phenylethylamines, among which is phenylethanolamine.

PMID- 376189
TI  - The technical variables associated with the frequencies of QFQ, RFA and CBG
      heteromorphisms of human chromosomes.
AB  - In the 1971 Paris Conference (1972) it was established that certain regions of
      human chromosomes show remarkable heteromorphisms. These are the short arm of
      acrocentric chromosomes, the secondary constriction regions of chromosomes 1, 9,
      16, and the distal 2/3rd of the long arm of the Y and the centromere of
      chromosomes 3, 4, and 5. There are several technical variables which affect the
      frequency of these heteromorphisms. These include quality of culture, age of
      slide, photography (filter, etc.), method of printing and method of scoring
      (criteria). Several other variables in the production of QFQ, RFA, and CBG
      heteromorphisms are discussed. In order to compare results from different
      laboratories these variables must be taken into consideration.

PMID- 376190
TI  - Dowling Oration 1978. What is that thing called light?

PMID- 376191
TI  - Gram-negative folliculitis of the face.

PMID- 376193
TI  - Photodynamic inactivation of virus warts: a controlled clinical trial.

PMID- 376192
TI  - A clinical double-blind trial of topical haloprogin and miconazole against
      superficial fungal infections.

PMID- 376194
TI  - Recertification in obstetrics and gynecology.

PMID- 376195
TI  - Evaluation of anovulatory cycles and induction of ovulation.

PMID- 376196
TI  - The operative treatment of intra-articular fractures of the lower end of the
      tibia.
AB  - Intra-articular fractures of the lower end of the tibia are an interesting
      challenge. The best functional results in the past series were observed in
      patients treated according to the following 4 sequential principles: (1)
      reconstruction of the correct length of the fibula; (2) anatomical reconstruction
      of the articular surface of the tibia; (3) insertion of a cancellous autograft to
      fill gaps left by impaction and comminution; (4) stable internal fixation of the
      fragments by a plate placed on the medial aspect of the tibia. Seventy-five cases
      had a good or excellent late result (on average 6 years postoperatively) in 70%
      as compared to 43% to 55% in cases treated by closed and/or open methods.

PMID- 376197
TI  - Symposium. Rigid internal fixation of fractures. Tibial plateau fractures.

PMID- 376199
TI  - Early internal fixation in open fractures.

PMID- 376198
TI  - Physical and biological aspects of fracture healing with special reference to
      internal fixation.
AB  - Fracture healing is a repair process of a mechanical discontinuity loss of force
      transmission, and pathological mobility of bone. Through a sequence of changes of
      tissue development and geometry, the original structural integrity is restored.
      The recovery of rigidity and strength is related to tissue differentiation. In
      unified theory of non-operative and operative stabilized fractures, the mechanics
      of primary bone healing involves a complex interplay of physical and biological
      factors. The different patterns of bone repair respond to physical influences
      including strain tolerance.

PMID- 376201
TI  - The classic. The aims of internal fixation.

PMID- 376200
TI  - Malignant tumors of the pelvic girdle mimicking the herniated disk syndrome.
AB  - Sarcomas of the pelvic girdle may produce signs and symptoms indistinguishable
      from those of herniated lumbar disks. Five patients are described in which the
      diagnosis was more difficult than in patients with intraspinal or vertebral
      neoplasms because they demonstrated isolated nerve root abnormalities, a positive
      history of trauma, an absence of radiographic abnormalities, and a lack of
      symptoms usually associated with malignancy. Four of the 5 patients underwent
      laminectomy for suspected herniated disks. In such cases a correct diagnosis
      often can not be made at the outset but the necessity for frequently repeated
      clinical and radiographic examinations cannot be overemphasized.

PMID- 376202
TI  - Internal fixation of fractures: evolution of concepts.
AB  - The recognized goal of any fracture treatment is the restoration of normal
      function to the injured part(s). Historically, this was first achieved with non
      operative techniques and more recently with operative fixation of fractures.
      Newer systems utilizing the principles of rigid internal fixation and a
      sophisticated armamentarium have proved useful in fractures of both bones of the
      forearm, major intra-articular joint fractures and the multiply injured patient.
      With these methods "fracture disease" (i.e. muscle atrophy, joint stiffness and
      bony demineralization) is decreased by early mobilization without external
      support. The penalties for inadequate surgery are nonrigid fixation and/or
      infection, emphasizing that the operative treatment of fractures is a technique
      to be mastered.

PMID- 376203
TI  - Symposium. Rigid internal fixation of fractures. Femoral shaft fractures:
      editorial comment and comparative results.

PMID- 376205
TI  - Symposium. Rigid internal fixation of fractures. Supracondylar fractures of the
      femur: editorial comment and comparative results.

PMID- 376204
TI  - Plate osteosynthesis of femoral shaft fractures in adults. A follow-up study.
AB  - In 67 diaphyseal femoral fractures in adults treated by plating, the average
      follow-up time was 5 years. Sixty per cent of the patients suffered multiple
      injuries; 69% of the fractures were comminuted. The goal of treatment was rigid
      internal fixation. However, bridging of the comminuted area with a plate was
      sometimes necessary to maintain length as well as to encourage reconstitution and
      revascularization of fragments. Almost all patients had satisfactory end results.
      Only 2 cases were rated poor. Patients with rigid interfragmentary fixation had
      few complications, while patients with obvious instability (14 cases) developed
      2/3 of the complications. The infection rate was 3%. Some complications might
      have been avoided by early cancellous bone grafting. The study confirms the need
      for primary or early secondary bone grafting to ensure bony union if cortical
      defects, potentially unstable fixation, or devascularized fragments are present.

PMID- 376206
TI  - Counterimmunoelectrophoresis for the rapid diagnosis of group B streptococcal
      infections.

PMID- 376207
TI  - Drug-related transient dyskinesias.
AB  - The ability of some antimalarials, especially chloroquine and amodiaquine, to
      provoke alarming but transient extrapyramidal movement disorders has been
      reported. The basis of the reported extrapyramidal symptoms has been the cause of
      some speculation. This paper reviews case reports and presents some data of the
      regional uptake of chloroquine in mammalian brain as a factor to consider, along
      with other factors that could influence the action of chloroquine on the
      extrapyramidal system. A neuropharmacologic mechanism for the transient
      extrapyramidal disturbances has been formulated.

PMID- 376208
TI  - Aerosol fenoterol by intermittent positive pressure breathing in asthmatic
      patients.
AB  - Ten subjects with mild to moderately severe asthma participated in a study of the
      bronchodilator activity and incidence of side effects of fenoterol aerosol
      administered by intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB). The doses of
      fenoterol used in the Bird micronebulizer were 0, 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, and
      2.5 mg, and these were administered in a randomized, double-blind fashion. The
      bronchodilator response, assessed by the area under the FEV1 curve, showed mean
      (+/- SE) values of 1.44 +/- 0.53 1 hr for 0.25 mg of fenoterol to 1.66 +/- 0.56 1
      hr for 2.5 mg of fenoterol (p greater than 0.05), longer (p less than 0.01) than
      the mean placebo response of 0.06 +/- 0.38 1 hr. A dose-dependent increase in
      tremor was observed for each of the doses of fenoterol. The 0.25-mg dose of
      fenoterol solution is an appropriate starting dose for the treatment of
      moderately severe asthma.

PMID- 376209
TI  - A method for the determination of amitriptyline and its metabolites
      nortriptyline, 10-hydroxyamitriptyline, and 10-hydroxynortriptyline in human
      plasma using stable isotope dilution and gas chromatography-chemical ionization
      mass spectrometry (GC-CIMS).
AB  - A gas chromatography--mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method has been developed to
      measure amitriptyline and its metabolites nortriptyline, 10-hydroxyamitriptyline,
      and 10-hydroxynortriptyline in human plasma. Deuterated analogs of each compound
      were synthesized as internal standards. Isobutane was used as both gas
      chromatography (GC) carrier gas and chemical ionization (CI) reagent gas. In
      order to obtain compounds with satisfactory GC and mass spectrometry (MS)
      properties, the two alcohol metabolites were dehydrated without loss of label
      during sample preparation. Selective ion monitoring of the MH+ ions of the protio
      and deuterio- compounds gave ion ratios which were converted to plasma
      concentrations using standard curves. For amitriptyline and nortriptyline, which
      are assayed using multiple deuterated analogs as internal standards, the curves
      are straight lines. For 10-hydroxyamitriptyline and 10-hydroxynortriptyline,
      which are assayed using monodeuterated analogs as internal standards, the curves
      are nonlinear and are analyzed using an iterative computer procedure. Assay
      sensitivity is 0.5 ng/ml for amitriptyline, nortriptyline, and 10
      hydroxyamitriptyline and 1 ng/ml for 10-hydroxynortriptyline. Assay precision and
      accuracy in terms of percent error are both less than 5%. Following oral
      administration of a single 75-mg dose of amitriptyline to two subjects, the mean
      plasma levels of amitriptyline, nortriptyline, 10-hydroxyamitriptyline,
      conjugated 10-hydroxyamitriptyline, 10-hydroxynortriptyline, and conjugated 10
      hydroxynortriptyline were 36, 8, 10, 66, 16, and 46 ng/ml, respectively, at 2 hr
      after dosing and 3, 4, 0.5, 1, 6, and 17 ng/ml, respectively, at 72 hr after
      dosing. Analyses of plasma samples from 12 subjects who had been receiving 50 mg
      amitriptyline therapy three times a day for an average +/- SD of 32 +/- 5 days
      gave a mean concentration of 81 +/- 40 ng/ml for amitriptyline, 71 +/- 57 ng/ml
      for nortriptyline, 12 +/- 5 ng/ml for 10-hydroxyamitriptyline, 91 +/- 30 ng/ml
      for conjugated 10-hydroxyamitriptyline, 82 +/- 27 ng/ml for 10
      hydroxynortriptyline, and 176 +/- 64 ng/ml for conjugated 10
      hydroxynortriptyline.

PMID- 376210
TI  - Antihypertensive effects of clonidine.
AB  - The antihypertensive effect of clonidine given either two or three times a day
      with a diuretic was compared in a double-blind crossover study in 18 hypertensive
      patients. In 11 patients given clonidine three times a day there was better
      control of blood pressure, although the differences in most instances were of the
      order of only a few millimeters Hg. There were no differences in the frequency or
      severity of side effects. Clonidine twice daily with a diuretic appears to be
      adequate for most patients.

PMID- 376211
TI  - Responses to tyramine and norepinephrine after imipramine and trazodone.

PMID- 376212
TI  - A preventive mastectomy with immediate reconstruction for the high-risk breast
      cancer patient.
AB  - A surgical technique for simple mastectomy with immediate reconstruction is
      described; it is a one-stage procedure. Criteria for performing preventive simple
      mastectomy are presented. The author invites a 10 year study using the criteria
      and his operative technique to determine the validity of preventive surgical
      approach.

PMID- 376213
TI  - Reconstruction of the breast without additional skin or muscle flaps.
AB  - After mastectomy (usually simple or modified radical) many breasts may be
      reconstructed without additional tissue. However, in any patient in whom the skin
      flaps are very thin and/or tight, especially if the flaps have been irradiated,
      we urge use of the thoracoepigastric flap, latissimus dorsi muscle, or
      myocutaneous flap to achieve a pleasing result.

PMID- 376215
TI  - Nipple-areola reconstruction: a review of techniques.
AB  - Various techniques of reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex are reviewed.
      An analysis of the criteria for an aesthetically pleasing nipple-areola complex
      is made. Symmetry appears to be the single most important factor in achieving the
      objective. More than color, texture, or the amount of projection, symmetry
      appears to provide the best overall result. Those techniques that treat areolae
      in identical fashion are more likely to produce symmetry. Reducing the normal
      nipple size not only provides donor tissue but reduces the problem of projection,
      which otherwise interferes with achievement of symmetry.

PMID- 376214
TI  - Methods of soft tissue coverage for the mastectomy defect.

PMID- 376216
TI  - Nipple-areola reconstruction following mastectomy: an alternative to the use of
      labial and contralateral nipple-areolar tissues.
AB  - The techniques described herein were developed to recreate a nipple-areolar
      complex that avoids the inherent disadvantages of labial and "nipple-sharing"
      techniques. We have presented a practical, reliable, one-stage method that
      utilizes other tissues, and has evolved through experience with 14 cases.

PMID- 376217
TI  - [Lysine p-isobutylphenylpropionate in the treatment of gonarthroiis].

PMID- 376219
TI  - [Long-term ambulatory treatment of diabetics with gliclazide].

PMID- 376218
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic evaluation of simfibrate compared toclofibrate in
      atherosclerotic patients].

PMID- 376220
TI  - Postoperative pulmonary complications.

PMID- 376221
TI  - Current trends of research on antidepressive treatment and prophylaxis.

PMID- 376223
TI  - Epidemiology and child psychiatry: historical and conceptual development.

PMID- 376222
TI  - Prediction of lithium response.

PMID- 376225
TI  - The successful use of "high level" PEEP in near fatal Endrin poisoning.
AB  - The insecticide Endrin is a highly toxic chlorinated hydrocarbon which can cause
      severe CNS and respiratory derangement. Death usually follows intoxication within
      24 hours. A 19-year-old male developed convulsions and gross pulmonary edema
      after the ingestion of Endrin. His trachea was intubated and constant positive
      pressure ventilation with PEEP of up to 28 cm H2O was instituted. The patient
      survived and recovery appeared to be complete. Severe pulmonary edema is not a
      common finding in patients who have Endrin poisoning. The use of PEEP above 15 cm
      H2O is a controversial issue; however, we believe that it contributed
      significantly to the survival of our patient.

PMID- 376224
TI  - Phylogenetic precursors of psychiatric illness: a theoretical inquiry.

PMID- 376226
TI  - Comparison of serum and urine fibrin split products and urinary beta
      glucuronidase in the diagnosis of renal transplant rejection.
AB  - This study compares the usefulness of serum and urine fibrin split products and
      the urinary enzyme, beta-glucuronidase, in the diagnosis and management of renal
      transplant rejection. Fibrin split products, determined by a tanned human red
      cell agglutination inhibition immunoassay, were measured as a reflection of the
      secondary fibrinolysis from fibrin deposited in the renal microvasculature as a
      result of rejection. Urinary beta-glucuronidase, expressed as the ratio of enzyme
      activity to creatinine concentration, was determined by a colorimetric technique
      following dialysis of urine to remove endogenous activators and inhibitors.
      Activity of this lysosomal enzyme is thought to reflect tubular injury. Twenty
      nine renal transplant recipients (15 from living donors and 14 from cadaver
      donors) were evaluated. Both serum and urinary fibrin split products and urinary
      beta-glucuronidase were markedly elevated in the immediate postoperative period,
      probably reflecting ischemic trauma. Acute rejection occurring within the first
      three months was associated with elevations of fibrin split products
      (particularly urine) and beta-glucuronidase. Elevated values returned to normal
      following successful treatment with steroids and/or heparin, but remained high in
      the presence of continued rejection. After the first 48 hours post-transplant, in
      the absence of rejection, values for fibrin split products were within the normal
      range. Urinary beta-glucuronidase remained elevated if the transplanted kidney
      was recovering from acute tubular necrosis. Fibrin split products and urinary
      beta-glucuronidase were usually normal in chronic rejection.

PMID- 376227
TI  - The burn patient: II. Later care and complications of thermal injury.
AB  - The care necessary for the extensively burned patient is of an intensity, variety
      and duration most effectively and economically provided by the multidisciplinary
      staff of a specialized treatment facility. The organization of burn care in the
      United States has been well regionalized in recognition of this fact. The burn
      care given and the research carried out at burn units and burn centers has led to
      the identification of the pathophysiologic changes, the development of new
      treatments and the improvement in functional result and survival described in
      this review.

PMID- 376228
TI  - A capillary technique for cloning Amoeba from single cells.
AB  - Each amoeba is placed in a drop of approximately 40 microliter of a balanced
      'medium + food' solution introduced into the central region of a 7 cm long
      capillary tube which has first been fused at one end. Such amoebae divide to form
      clones of 20-30 cells without changing capillaries, though additional food may be
      required after 7-10 days. Experiments on damage induced by chemicals, cell cycle
      sensitivities and nuclear/cytoplasmic inheritance, which may involve the cloning
      of some 2-3,000 or more cells can be carried out with comparative ease. Apart
      from research, the capillary cloning technique has proved useful in the teaching
      laboratory. It is adaptable, and can be used for Protozoa other than amoebae,
      even for requiring sterile conditions.

PMID- 376229
TI  - A summary of the development of obstetrics, gynaecology, and pediatrics at the
      University of Copenhagen 1479-1979.

PMID- 376230
TI  - The condition of the foetus and infant in cases treated with ritodrine.

PMID- 376231
TI  - Early and late results of controlled ventilation in flail chest.
AB  - From 1967 through 1974, a consecutive series of 35 patients with flail chest were
      treated with intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB). The controlled
      ventilation contributed to stabilization of the thoracic cage in a favorable
      position for healing of the fractures. Surgical stabilization of the chest was
      not attempted in any of the cases. During treatment with IPPB, one patient died
      from profuse bleeding due to a generalized coagulation disorder, but the
      remaining 34 were discharged in a satisfactory respiratory condition. A late
      follow-up study of the pulmonary function one to eight years after the trauma
      included x-ray films of the trachea and lungs, kymographic studies of the
      diaphragm, spirometric and radiospirometric testing, and arterial blood gas
      levels. Eighteen patients were examined. Spirometric testing revealed
      astonishingly little impairment of the total pulmonary function. The
      radiospirometric studies with 133xenon showed a significant reduction of the
      regional perfusion only in five patients (2 to 4.5 pulmonary segments).
      Kymographic study of the diaphragm gave no further information and was less
      selective compared with the other tests of pulmonary function. Owing to the
      encouraging early and late results in this study, early treatment with IPPB is
      considered to be the method of choice in flail chest with paradoxic respiratory
      movements.

PMID- 376232
TI  - Right aortic arch with isolation of left innominate artery.
AB  - A new entity of right aortic arch with isolation of the left innominate artery is
      described in a three-day-old boy with complete endocardial cushion defect.
      Embryologically, this type of anomaly will result if the interruption of the
      embryonic left aortic arch occurs at two sites, one between the left ductus
      arteriosus and the descending aorta and the other between the ascending aorta and
      the left common carotid artery. Absence of pulse in the left arm and on the left
      side of the neck strongly suggests this anomaly. The aortogram and pulmonary
      arteriogram may confirm the diagnosis of this anomaly during life.

PMID- 376233
TI  - Rapid definitive diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease.
AB  - We describe a sporadic case of Legionnaires' disease in which the diagnosis was
      made by direct immunofluorescence of material obtained by percutaneous aspiration
      of the involved lung via a needle. Employment of this technique among selected
      patients with suspected Legionnaires' disease would provide for more rapid
      diagnosis and more prompt initiation of definitive therapy for some patients.

PMID- 376234
TI  - In vitro sensitivity of Proteus organisms to gentamicin and sisomicin.
AB  - The antibacterial activity of gentamicin and sisomicin was studied in 148 recent
      clinical isolates of Proteus obtained from patients hospitalized in Athens. Both
      gentamicin and sisomicin were found to be active with sisomicin generally being
      the more active of the two; P. mirabilis strains were less susceptible than the
      indole-positive strains, but P. mirabilis organisms isolated from the respiratory
      tract were more sensitive to sisomicin than those isolated from the urine.
      Susceptibility testing with the two aminoglycoside antibiotics was affected by
      inoculum size and by the test broth used. Sisomicin sensitivity testing with the
      disc-agar diffusion method and broth dilution method was reliable for the indole
      positive strains of Proteus but did not separate all sensitive from resistant
      strains of P. mirabilis. An in vitro synergism was demonstrated between sisomicin
      and the semisynthetic penicillin, ticarcillin.

PMID- 376235
TI  - [A new method of anastomosing severed nerves].
AB  - Nerve anastomoses glued with "Fribrinkleber" can be protected from tissue
      plasminogen-activators both by natural and synthetic inhibitors of fibrinolysis
      whether administered locally or systemically. The glued nerve-anastomoses do not
      attain the bond strength of sutured nerves, but show less foreign body reaction.
      Gluing nerves with Fibrinkleber" combined with inhibition of fibrinolysis would
      seem to be a good method for reuniting severed nerves. It may be especially
      useful in nerve transplantation if tension is avoided.

PMID- 376236
TI  - [Early changes of the coagulation system in multiple injuries and their
      modification with heparin and Trasylol].
AB  - In a prospective, randomized study 35 patients with multiple injuries were
      examined for early changes of blood coagulation. Parameters suggesting a
      consumption coagulopathy were lower in patients who died subsequently than in
      survivors. No therapeutic influence of low dose Heparin therapy or of the
      proteinase inhibiting substance TrasylolR could be demonstrated.

PMID- 376237
TI  - [Various blood-foreign body reactions in the heart-lung machine in heart valve
      replacement and aortocoronary bypass operations].
AB  - Blood-foreign material interaction in the pump oxygenator was studied by means of
      scanning electron microscopy in 3 patients undergoing heart valve replacement
      (HVR) and 3 patients undergoing coronary bypass operation (CBO). While polyvinyl
      tubes show an average deposit of 60 thrombi/mm2 with 20--40 microns in size in
      CBO, bloodgas interface during HVR causes increasing thrombotic deposits (375
      Mcthr/nm2, 25--50 microns in size). Distal to the pump the volume of particles
      may rise up 250 micrometer in HVR and up to 80 micrometer in CBO. In a 35
      micrometer pore arterial-line-filter (Pall-Corporation) platelet clumps up to 1
      mm in size are removed from circulating blood in HVR, and up to 300 micrometer
      thrombi in CBO. According to different platelet deposit proximal to the filter,
      more and larger thrombi can pass through the filter in HVR. Distal to the pump
      thromboemboli of 30--60 (maximum 90) micrometer in size can be observed in HVR.
      Particles of 20--35 (maximum 60) micrometer in size may pass through the filter
      and enter into the patient's circulation in CBO. As the results suggest,
      extracorporal circulation is more harmful for patients undergoing HVR than for
      those undergoing CBO.

PMID- 376238
TI  - [Animal studies on the construction of continent ileostomies and colostomies with
      the use of BioCarbon implants].
AB  - Ring-shaped implants of BioCarbon, a recently developed vitreous carbon polymer,
      were used for construction of continent ileostomies and colostomies in dogs. The
      stoma was fashioned by suture fixation of the intestine inside the ring, which
      was then placed subfascially in the abdominal wall. The exterior of the implant
      could be hermetically sealed with a screw cap. Implantation in 19 dogs performed
      so far showed a high rate of incorporation of BioCarbon devices.

PMID- 376239
TI  - [Evaluation of H2 receptor blockade with metiamide in stress ulcers in rats].
AB  - Restrain stress in rats inhibits gastric secretion and microcirculation.
      Secretion is further inhibited by metiamide, but mucosal blood flow is restored
      to normal. During stress the ulcer incidence is high, lower with prophylactic
      administration of metiamide and least with the latter and preserved
      gastroduodenal acid transit. No therapeutic metiamide effect can be detected.

PMID- 376240
TI  - [Metabolic activities in isolated hepatocytes as a vitality parameter in the
      hypothermically preserved liver].
AB  - Vital hepatocytes have been isolated from an adult human liver for the first
      time. Vitality of the parenchymal cells was examined by trypanblue staining,
      morphological sppearance and energy-requiring metabolic functions such as
      gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis. Following a cold ischemic time of 6 hours
      metabolic activity had decreased considerably.

PMID- 376242
TI  - [Is permanent survival of kidney allograft receivers in weak histo-incompatible
      combinations dependent on enhancement?].
AB  - To study the immunological status of indefinitely surviving recipients of
      histocompatible (minor histoincompatible) allografts we transplanted Fi or (Fi x
      LEW)F1-kidneys to LEW-rats. At the same time bilateral nephrectomy was performed.
      To examine the cellular immune response we carried out local GvHR,
      microcytotoxicity assay and allorosette-formation test with recipient cells. We
      also studied lymphocytotoxins in the serum of recipients. To detect a blocking
      serum factor we used allorosette-formation inhibition test and microcytotoxicity
      assay. A blocking serum factor could not be found. In spite of stimulation with
      donor specific skin graft the cellular immune response of prolonged surviving
      recipients was inhibited. Our results suggest that prolonged survival of minor
      histoincompatible renal allograft recipients was caused by suppression of
      cellular immune response.

PMID- 376241
TI  - [Effect of time of splenectomy on the increase in survival time following kidney
      transplantation in rats].
AB  - Survival time of Lewis-rats with transplanted DA-kidney grafts following
      splenectomy at different times after transplantation was evaluated. Splenectomy
      five days after renal transplantation produced a significant prolongation of
      survival time (p less than 0.05) whereas splenectomy at the day of
      transplantation did not extend survival time significantly (p less than 0.1).

PMID- 376243
TI  - Sodium nitroprusside induced hypotension and isovolemic hemodilution in dogs.
AB  - Hypotension at 70 mm Hg was induced with sodium nitroprusside in 6 hemodiluted
      and 6 control dogs. In contrast to the control dogs, the reduction in mean
      arterial pressure was not primarily due to the peripheral resistance reduction,
      but the result of a hazardous fall in cardiac output.

PMID- 376244
TI  - [Organ tolerance and incomplete bone marrow chimera in dogs].
AB  - Cyclophosphamide-induced chimeras develop organ tolerance as do radiation
      chimeras, as long as hemopoietic cells of donor origin are detectable,
      independent of the degree of chimerism (n = 7). 4 of 7 dogs with reversion of
      chimerism rejected their kidney grafts within 11 to 29 days. Three of them,
      however, retained their kidney grafts permanently indicating that a transient
      chimerism of a few months duration may be sufficient for induction of tolerance
      to marrow donor organs in Cy-chimeras. The results suggest that the reversion of
      chimerism in Cy-chimeras may be due to different mechanisms either immunological
      rejection or a non-immunological substitution of the grafted marrow by the host's
      own hemopoiesis.

PMID- 376245
TI  - [Fibrinolytic activity in hyperacute rejected lung allografts].
AB  - In hyperacute rejected lung allografts a significantly elevated fibrinolytic
      activity can be demonstrated which could explain why blood flow is only slightly
      impaired during this process.

PMID- 376246
TI  - Inhibition of granulocyte chemotaxis by hemoglobin in experimental peritonitis.
AB  - We have shown in in vivo experiments that hemoglobin interferes with the
      attraction of polymorphonuclear granulocytes into the peritoneal cavity of rats
      in response to a bacterial inoculum and thus permits bacterial growth. These
      findings are proportional to the intraperitoneal concentration of hemoglobin. In
      in vitro experiments the chemotactic response of human polymorphonuclear
      granulocytes to zymosan activated serum as well as E. coli bacterial factor is
      inhibited by hemoglobin. While hemoglobin added in a concentration of 4% to the
      chemotactic factor causes a significant depression of granulocyte chemotaxis
      concentrations of only 0.01% are sufficient to cause inhibition of chemotaxis
      when hemoglobin is added to the cell suspension. The spontaneous migration of the
      cells is not influenced in either experiment.

PMID- 376247
TI  - [Formation of autologous spongiosa in bone layers as a function of
      revascularization].
AB  - In 24 sheep standardized holes were drilled into the tibia. These defects were
      filled differently with autologous cancellous bone: a) The defect was filled only
      with cancellous bone or b) it was filled like in (a) but additionally covered by
      a Milliporefilter layer; c) the defect was filled like in (a) but the bottom of
      the defect was covered by a Milliporefilter layer or d) it was filled like in (a)
      but the cancellous bone was sandwiched by Milliporefilter layers. Bine
      remodelling was adversely influenced by the Milliporefilters, but the inhibition
      in (b) was two times bigger than in (c).

PMID- 376248
TI  - [Biomechanical studies on the stabilization effect of cortico-spongiosa chips in
      imperfect osteosynthesis].
AB  - Stability and plate strain of internally fixed femoral shaft fractures at
      different sites were tested under bending and compression loads. Stability of
      osteosynthesis with compression plate was not acutely affected by stresses
      encountered when standing on one leg. When fractures with a bone defect were
      treated by plate fixation stability was improved significantly when lateral
      support was preserved or when a medial cortico-spongious bone chip was used.

PMID- 376249
TI  - [Evaluation of digital nerve sensitivity following reconstruction].
AB  - 1. In the reconstruction of nerves suture and autogenous grafts are employed in a
      complementary way. 2. The action potential of sensory nerves does not seem to be
      an objective parameter to evaluate the results. 3. The Moberg-test detects
      deficits of the pinch. 4. Two-point-discrimination seems to be the most valid
      quantitative measurement for sensible reconstruction. The examination is
      simplified by the two-point-star. 5. The Millesi-test shows good correlation to
      two-point-discrimination.

PMID- 376251
TI  - [Thread sorter, a new instrument].

PMID- 376250
TI  - [Fixation of suture plates with armored-wire redon drainage for the prevention of
      abdominal wound dehiscence].

PMID- 376252
TI  - [Postoperative blood-sugar regulation in pancreatectomized patients using the
      artificial "beta cell"].
AB  - Seven patients who had undergone total duodenopancreatectomy were connected
      postoperatively to an artificial 'beta cell', which is a computer-regulated,
      glucose-controlled-insulin-infusion-system. Despite high-calorie parenteral
      nutrition, the apparatus enabled successful regulation of the diabetes that
      followed removal of the pancreas in our patients during the immediate
      postoperative period (7 days). The artificial beta cell is capable of exogenously
      regulating the carbohydrate metabolism of pancreatectomized diabetics, even in
      the extreme conditions immediately following operation.

PMID- 376254
TI  - Bacterial meningitis--1978.

PMID- 376253
TI  - The organization of the ribosomal RNA genes of Chironomus tentans and some
      closely related species.
AB  - Southern gel analysis of total DNA from Chironomus tentans showed that the rRNA
      genes (rDNA) are homogeneous in structure. After cloning in Escherichia coli
      plasmid pBR313, the rDNA organisation was further studied by restriction fragment
      analysis and R-loop mapping. No heterogeneity could be detected by heteroduplex
      analysis of six different cloned rRNA cistrons. R-loop sizes of 1.69 and 3.63
      kilobases (kb) were measured for the 18S and 28S rRNA coding sequences. The two
      spacers are 0.75 and 1.77 kb long. Southern gel analysis showed also a
      homogeneous rDNA structure for a Canadian population of C. tentans and C.
      pallidivittatus. The same technique indicated, however, that the rDNA of two
      other closely related species of C. thummi and C. melanotus is heterogeneous in
      structure. A possible correlation between this heterogeneity and the presence of
      heterochromatin in these species is discussed.

PMID- 376255
TI  - Staphylococcus aureus bacteremic syndromes: diagnostic and therapeutic update.

PMID- 376256
TI  - [Mechanism of induction of colicin EI synthesis: Col EI DNA transcription in the
      presence of suppressed protein synthesis].

PMID- 376257
TI  - Uptake and clearance of inhalation anesthetics in man.
AB  - The uptake, distribution, and clearance of inhaled vapors is governed by rules of
      partial pressure equilibration in a multicompartmental system. Since halogenated
      anesthetic agents are not soluble in water, biotransformation is their only
      clearance pathway during anesthesia. When apparent steady state is reached, the
      rate of overall metabolism can be determined from the pulmonary uptake rate. As a
      result of metabolism, pulmonary uptake increases but the concentration of inhaled
      vapor in blood and tissues decreases, and only a fraction of uptake is exhaled
      following anesthesia. Uptake and pulmonary clearance of five halogenated
      anesthetic agents were studied in 45 surgical patients. The susceptibility to
      biotransformation increases in the following order: isoflurane, enflurane,
      halothane, fluroxene, methoxyflurane.

PMID- 376258
TI  - Measurement of therapeutic concentrations of tricyclic antidepressants in serum.

PMID- 376260
TI  - [Gonadotropin-releasing hormone in andrological diagnostics].

PMID- 376259
TI  - Clinical pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of nicotinic acid.
AB  - Evaluation of the biochemical fate of nicotinic acid and the pharmacologic
      responses it produces illustrate the following general principles. 1. Systemic
      bioavailability as judged by systemic blood and urine levels of a parent drug may
      not reflect its bioavailability at the liver, a frequent site of important drug
      action. 2. Since different pharmacologic effects can show different timedose and
      route-dose responses, and different degrees of tolerance to repeated doses of the
      same drug, caution is necessary in evaluating pharmaceutical preparations and
      making dosage recommendations solely on the basis of drug levels and drug
      metabolism data. 3. Pharmacologic effects requiring large doses might possibly
      reflect a need for prolonged exposure rather than high levels. In regard to
      nicotinic acid itself, the preferred hypocholisterolemic preparation for
      prolonged treatment may be one which yields little or no discernible blood levels
      of the drug, in contrast to the vascular effects which require rising nicotinic
      acid levels, and the fibrinolytic effect which requires parenteral dosage and to
      which tolerance is acutely developed.

PMID- 376261
TI  - [150th anniversary of the birth of Theodor Billroth. 26 April 1829].

PMID- 376262
TI  - [Bromocriptine in metastasizing breast cancer].

PMID- 376263
TI  - [Resection and myotomy of diverticulitis intestine. A therapeutic and preventive
      concept].

PMID- 376264
TI  - [Hubert Kunz 1895-1979].

PMID- 376265
TI  - [Reiner Muller(20th of May 1879 - 5th of July 1953)].

PMID- 376267
TI  - [Konrad Spang's 70th anniversary].

PMID- 376266
TI  - [Occlusion of hepatic artery].

PMID- 376269
TI  - [Carp-erythrodermatitis--isolation and classification of the agent (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 376268
TI  - [Architectural disturbances of the bronchus-mucosa in man and animal (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 376270
TI  - [Experimental uni- and bilateral extirpation of the seminal vesicle in the
      stallion (author's transl)].

PMID- 376271
TI  - [Clinical, genealogical, and pathomorphological studies in black-and-white cattle
      with bilateral exophthalmus and convergent strabismus (author's transl)].

PMID- 376272
TI  - [Radioimmunoassay of serum and plasma insulin in cattle (author's transl)].

PMID- 376273
TI  - [Teratoma in the deer (brief report)].

PMID- 376274
TI  - [The problem of kosher butchering].

PMID- 376275
TI  - [The problem of kosher butchering--reply].

PMID- 376276
TI  - [Picture report No. 5: urolithiasis in a young bull].

PMID- 376277
TI  - [Odor emissions from liquid-manure containers in comparison with those from
      stable exhausts].

PMID- 376278
TI  - [Treatment of animal excrements for emission reduction (proceedings)].

PMID- 376280
TI  - [Developmental trends in legislature on the field of emission prevention
      (proceedings)].

PMID- 376279
TI  - [Legal evaluation of emissions from animal housings as based on examples
      (proceedings)].

PMID- 376282
TI  - [Alcohol--drug interactions].

PMID- 376281
TI  - [The endocrine effects of alcohol].

PMID- 376283
TI  - Comparative toxicology of N-nitroso compounds and their carcinogenic potential to
      man.

PMID- 376284
TI  - Changes in pancreatic somatostatin content in spontaneously diabetic mice, as
      determined by radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemical methods.
AB  - A specific RIA for somatostatin (SRIF) was used to determine the SRIF content of
      the pancreas and hypothalamus in spontaneously diabetic C57BL/KsJ dbdb and
      C57BL/6J obob mice. In addition, SRIF- and glucagon-containing cells were
      examined in the pancreatic islets with an immunohistochemical technique. In dbdb
      mice, immunoassayable pancreatic SRIF content was increased, as was the number of
      SRIF- or glucagon-containing cells. In obob mice, immunoassayable pancreatic SRIF
      content was also increased, but no increase was noted in the number of SRIF- or
      glucagon-containing cells. The hypothalamic SRIF content of either strain was not
      different from that of controls. These results regarding pancreatic SRIF content
      were in accord with some but not all previous reports. These differences may be
      related to the age of the mice or to the conditions in which they were bred. The
      pancreatic SRIF increase in both dbdb and obob mice may be attributable to
      hyperglucagonemia, hyperglycemia, or a decrease in insulin action. Further work
      is necessary to clearly delineate the mechanism.

PMID- 376286
TI  - Irving I. Geschwind (1923--1978).

PMID- 376285
TI  - Motile events in pancreatic endocrine cells.
AB  - Monolayer cultures of neonatal rat endocrine pancreatic cells were examined by
      time lapse cinematography. Motion analysis revealed two major types of motile
      events. On one hand, particles (0.3 micrometers in diameter) tentatively
      identified as secretory granules were found to undergo back and forth saltatory
      movements along oriented pathways. The existence of such pathways was
      statistically validated by the large prevalence of angles close to either 0
      degrees of 180 degrees between successive movements of the same particle. The
      movements occurred at a mean speed of 0.8 micrometers/sec. Glucose (16.7 mM)
      increased the frequency of such movements. Vincristine (10 microM) caused a
      progressive inhibition of saltatory movements, which may depend, therefore, on
      the integrity of the microtubular apparatus. On the other hand, areas of the cell
      boundary displayed contractile-like movements, which were stimulated by
      insulinotropic agents, such as glucose and the ionophore A23187. Cytochalasin B
      also affected this second type of motile event, which is thought to reflect the
      activity of actin-like microfilaments. These findings suggest that the
      microtubular apparatus serves as a guiding cytoskeleton for the oriented
      translocation of secretory granules, whereas the microfilamentous cell web may
      control the eventual access of the granules to exocytotic sites.

PMID- 376287
TI  - Cross-reactivity of human luteinizing hormone (beta-subunit) and a serine
      protease demonstrated by immunoperoxidase staining in human oocytes.

PMID- 376288
TI  - Secretory granules and progesterone secretion by ovine corpora lutea in vitro.
AB  - To study the relationship between formation and release of Golgi-derived
      secretory granules and progesterone secretion, slices of ovine luteal tissue were
      incubated in the presence of LH and/or calcium ionophore A23187. Increases in
      progesterone secretion in response to LH and/or ionophore were accompanied by a
      concomitant release of secretory granules. In contrast, in the presence of
      colchicine, LH-stimulated progesterone secretion was significantly reduced (P
      less than 0.01), granule formation appeared to be blocked, and there was little
      evidence of exocytosis. In addition, unusual pleomorphic membrane-bounded
      saccules containing an electron-dense material were abundant throughout the
      centrospheric region of cells treated with colchicine. Because of the close
      parallelism between formation and release of Golgi-derived secretory granules and
      progesterone secretion, it appears that progesterone secretion may be coupled to
      exocytosis of secretory granules. Although the exact content and function of the
      secretory granules described remains to be elucidated, the data obtained are
      compatible with the notion that they may contain a progesterone carrier protein.

PMID- 376289
TI  - Rapid direct effects of castration and androgen treatment on luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone-induced leutinizing hormone release in the phenobarbital
      treated male rat: examination of the roles direct and indirect androgen feedback
      mechanisms might play in the physiological control of luteinizing hormone
      release.

PMID- 376290
TI  - Frequency modulation of pulsatile luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      stimulation can alter the effectiveness of direct androgen feedback on
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-induced luteinizing hormone release.

PMID- 376291
TI  - Lewis Libman Engel.

PMID- 376292
TI  - Influence of adrenalectomy and dexamethasone on matrix-induced endochondral bone
      differentiation.

PMID- 376293
TI  - Effect of in vivo pretreatment of rats with a new protein purified from
      Bordetella pertussis on in vitro secretion of insulin: role of calcium.
AB  - Rats were injected once iv with an islet-activating protein (IAP), a new protein
      purified from the culture medium of Bordetella pertussis. Three days later, their
      pancreases were studied in vitro for insulin secretory responses. As with
      pertussis vaccine, pretreatment of rats with IAP was effective in enhancing
      insulin release from pancreas during perfusion or from islets during incubation
      in response to secretagogues such as glucose and glibenclamide. The alpha
      adrenergic inhibition of insulin secretion induced by epinephrine was also
      reversed by the pretreatment with IAP. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine caused insulin
      release due to accumulation of cAMP. This 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine-induced
      insulin release during perfusion was enhanced in a Ca-containing perfusate, but
      was conversely reduced in a Ca-free perfusate by the IAP pretreatment. Upon the
      addition of Ca to the Ca-free perfusate, more insulin was released from
      pancreases of IAP-treated rats than from those of nontreated rats.

PMID- 376295
TI  - Blockade of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-induced secretion of pituitary
      follicle-stimulating hormone by inhibin-containing preparations.

PMID- 376294
TI  - The effect of glucocorticoids on estrogen-dependent luteinizing hormone release
      in the ovariectomized rat and on gonadotropin secretin in the intact female rat.

PMID- 376296
TI  - Selective suppression of the primary surge of follicle-stimulating hormone in the
      rat: further evidence for folliculostatin in porcine follicular fluid.
AB  - Charcoal-extracted porcine follicular fluid (PFF), when injected at 1200 h on
      proestrus, blocked the primary FSH surge seen at 1700 and at 1830 h without
      affecting the LH surge. In contrast, if the injection was withheld until 1330 h,
      the FSH surge occurred in the normal way at 1700 h but was suppressed at the 1830
      h autopsy. The suppression of FSH by 0.5 ml PFF at 1200 h had abated by 0400 h of
      estrus. The blockade of the primary surge of FSH at 1700 and 1830 h did not
      prevent ovulation, nor did it prevent the expected rise in serum progesterone or
      fall of estradiol levels. There appears to be a latency of at least 3.5 h, when
      PFF is administered ip, before FSH can be suppressed. This latency occurs whether
      the injection is carried out in intact proestrous rats or in acutely or
      chronically ovariectomized females.

PMID- 376297
TI  - Effect of neurotensin on insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin release from
      isolated pancreatic islets.
AB  - The effects of neurotensin on the release of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin
      were investigated in isolated pancreatic islets prepared from 3- to 4-day-old
      rats and maintained in culture for 48 h before use. Islets were incubated for 20
      and 60 min in the presence of 3 or 23 mM glucose with or without neurotensin. In
      20-min incubations at 3 mM glucose, neurotensin (10-100 nM) increased the release
      of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin by 60%, 90%, and 110%, respectively. These
      increases were not detected in 60-min incubations. Neurotensin (100 nM) inhibited
      the release of both insulin (by 60-90%) and somatostatin (by 100%) which was
      induced by 23 mM glucose in 60-min incubations; this inhibitory effect could be
      detected with neurotensin at a concentration of 1 nM. Neurotensin also
      significantly inhibited the elevations in glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin
      release induced by 20 mM arginine. It is concluded that neurotensin exerts a dual
      effect on the endocrine pancreas in vitro: 1) at low glucose concentration and
      over short term (20 min) incubations, the peptide stimulates insulin, glucagon,
      and somatostatin release; and 2) under stimulated conditions (high glucose or
      arginine), neurotensin inhibits insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin release.

PMID- 376298
TI  - Regulation of gonadotropin release by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and
      estrogen in chimpanzees.

PMID- 376300
TI  - Citation for the Ernst Oppenheimer Memorial Award of the Endocrine Society to
      John Canvin Brown.

PMID- 376299
TI  - Citation for the Fred Conrad Koch award of the Endocrine Society to Samuel
      McDonald McCann.

PMID- 376301
TI  - Citation of the Ayerst Award for distinguished service in endocrinology of The
      Endocrine Society to A. F. Parlow.

PMID- 376303
TI  - Citation for the distinguished leadership award of The Endocrine Society to
      Sidney H. Ingbar.

PMID- 376302
TI  - Citation for the Edwin B. Astwood lectureship of The Endocrine Society to Joel
      Francis Habener.

PMID- 376304
TI  - In vivo and in vitro effects of substance P and neurotensin on gonadotropin and
      prolactin release.

PMID- 376306
TI  - Topical anesthesia in preendoscopic medication: spray versus lozenges.
AB  - Patients' acceptance of upper fiberpanendoscopy was significantly (p less than
      0.001) better when topical anesthesia with oxybuprocaine was performed with a
      spray than with a lozenge.

PMID- 376305
TI  - Changes in hypothalamic LH-RH content and blood levels of LH-RH, gonadotropin and
      estradiol during the preovulatory stage of rat estrous cycle.
AB  - In order to investigate the sequence of events concerning gonadotropin surge,
      serum LH, FSH and estradiol concentrations were measured during the rat estrous
      cycle as well as hypothalamic and blood levels of LH-RH in the preovulatory
      stage. Normally cyclic female Wistar rats kept on 12 hr light (from 22.00 hr to
      10.00 hr) and 12 hr dark were killed at different times of day during each stage
      of the cycle. The hypothalamus was quickly dissected out, divided into 3 portions
      (the anterior, middle and posterior) and extracted in 90% methanol. Blood LH-RH
      was extracted by affinity chromatography prior to radioimmunoassay. The content
      of LH-RH in the anterior and middle hypothalamus started to decrease between 1.00
      hr-3.00 hr, reached its nadir at 6.00 hr on proestrus and recovered to its
      previous values on estrus. Almost simultaneously blood LH-RH concentration showed
      an increase of 18.3 pg/ml-8.8 pg/ml between 1.00 hr-3.00 hr, and then fell to
      less than 1.0 pg/ml at 6.00 hr. On the other hand, serum estradiol level began to
      elevate on diestrus II followed by its peak at 6.00 hr on proestrus, while the
      peaks of serum LH and FSH were observed at 8.00 hr and 10.00 hr, respectively.
      These studies indicate that the elevation of serum estradiol was followed by the
      release of LH-RH from the hypothalamus and the LH-RH may be responsible for the
      preovulatory discharge of gonadotropin.

PMID- 376307
TI  - Sodium valproate, serum level and clinical effect in epilepsy: a controlled
      study.
AB  - Clinical effects at three different serum levels of sodium valproate (VPA) were
      compared in a triple-blind, multiple crossover trial comprising 13 epileptic
      inpatients. Patients were selected regardless of seizure type, and all were in
      concomitant antiepileptic treatment, which was kept constant throughout the
      study. A significant relationship between the decrease in number of seizures and
      increasing VPA serum level was demonstrated. The relationship between VPA dose
      and serum level was curvilinear. Statistical evaluation of patients by seizure
      type in relation to clinical effect of VPA was only possible for secondary
      generalized seizures. Between phenytoin, phenobarbital, and carbamazepine and the
      different VPA serum levels no interactions could be demonstrated. Recorded side
      effects were always mild and transient. No obvious correlation between side
      effects and VPA serum level was established.

PMID- 376308
TI  - Evaluation of feasibility of mutagenic testing of shale oil products and
      effluents.
AB  - In an effort to gather preliminary information on the potential genetic hazards
      of proposed or existing oil shale technologies, we have begun a correlated
      analytical and genetic analysis of a number of test materials. The work is
      divided into two phases: one deals with known compounds expected to occur in the
      environment through shale oil production or use; the other deals with actual
      samples from existing or experimental processes. A fractionation procedure has
      been applied to crude product and aqueous product material from an oil shale
      process. Mutagenicity of the various fractions was assayed by using reversion of
      histidine-requiring auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium (strain TA100, base
      substitution mutant; TA98 and TA1537, frameshift mutants). In order to
      incorporate metabolic activation of these fractions and compounds, we used liver
      homogenates (S-9) from rats induced with Aroclor 1254 in the standard plate
      assay. Preliminary results implicate chemical constituents of these fractions
      (identified or predicted) were tested individually for their mutagenic activity
      and correlated with the genetic monitoring.

PMID- 376310
TI  - Characterization of porins from the outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium. 1.
      Chemical analysis.
AB  - The three species of channel-forming outer membrane proteins, porins, have been
      purified to homogeneity from mutant strains of Salmonella typhimurium which
      produce single species of porin. Purification was by stepwise solubilization with
      dodecylsulfate or guanidine thiocyanate, gel filtration, and preparative gel
      electrophoresis. Amino acid compositions and tryptic peptide maps of the three
      species of porins showed close resemblance, but at the same time clear
      differences among them. The number of amino acid residues in the porins purified
      from the strains SH5551, SH6377 and SH6017 were 361, 354 and 345, and their
      calculated molecular weights 39800, 39300 and 38000, respectively. Amino-terminal
      and carboxyl-terminal amino acids in all three species of porins appeared to be
      alanine and phenylalanine, respectively. Neither half-cystine nor hexosamine was
      found in these preparation of porins. The isoelectric points of porins from the
      strains SH5551, SH6377 and SH6017, determined by isoelectric focusing, showed
      slight differences from each other. These results, and the genetic experiments
      from another laboratory, suggest that the three species of porins in Salmonella
      typhimurium are distinct polypeptides, probably coded for by distinct structural
      genes, which might have been derived from the same ancestral gene.

PMID- 376309
TI  - Use of Ames test in evaluation of shale oil fractions.
AB  - Conditions that affect the sensitivity of the Ames assay of complex hydrocarbon
      mixtures derived from shale oil were studied. Two fractions, one enriched in
      polynuclear aromatic compounds (PNA fraction), and a second fraction enriched in
      aromatic and heterocyclic amines (basic fraction), were selected for most of this
      work because of their comparatively high mutagenicity (i.e., compared with raw
      shale oil). The crude shale oil, as well as the basic, PNA, and tar fractions
      were mutagenic against the Salmonella typhimurium test strains, TA98 and TA100.
      Mutation was dependent on metabolic activation by microsomal (S9) enzymes. Both
      test strains responded equally well to the crude product and to the basic
      fraction; however, strain TA100 was more effective than TA198 in demonstrating
      the mutagenicity of the PNA fraction. The mutagenicity of the tar fraction could
      be most easily detected after metabolic activation in a liquid medium, as opposed
      to S9 activation in the top agar of the standard Ames assay. The mutagenicity of
      the basic fraction or 2-aminoanthracene was also demonstrated by metabolic
      activation in a liquid medium. In other set of experiments, the effect of
      chemical composition on the expression of mutagenicity in the standard Ames assay
      was estimated. Premutagens requiring metabolic activation were added to the basic
      and PNA fractions, and the numbers of revertants obtained in the presence of the
      fractions were compared with mutation induced by the compounds alone. The basic
      fraction did not interfere with the mutagenicity of 2-aminoanthracene and 7,9
      dimethylbenz[c]acridine. Moreover, in certain experiments, the mutagenicity of
      the complex fraction plus the added compound was higher than expected on the
      basis of assays performed on these materials separately. Conversely, the PNA
      fraction prevented or strongly inhibited mutation by several polynuclear
      aroumatic compounds, and an acridine. However, the PNA fraction did not inhibit
      mutation induced by 2-aminoanthracene. The effect of the basic fraction on
      stability of the S9 enzymes in the standard Ames test was also determined.

PMID- 376311
TI  - Characterization of porins from the outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium. 2.
      Physical properties of the functional oligomeric aggregates.
AB  - We have purified to homogeneity, from mutant strains of Salmonella typhimurium,
      the small oligomers of porin that confer permeability channels to artificial
      vesicle membranes reconstituted from phospholipids and lipopolysaccharide. The
      molecular weights of the porin oligomers from the strains SH5551 and SH6017
      appeared to be 130000 and 125000, respectively, and those of the monomers were
      41000 and 37500, respectively, when determined by sedimentation equilibrium in
      the presence of dodecylsulfate. It was thus concluded that the functional porin
      oligomers consisted of three identical subunits. The Stokes' radius of the trimer
      . dodecylsulfate complex was around 5 nm. The trimer bound less dodecylsulfate
      than the monomer. The trimer . dodecylsulfate complex retained at room
      temperature the native conformation of porin, which is rich in beta-structure.
      When the trimers were dissociated further by various treatments, only the porin
      monomers were recovered in significant amounts, and the permeability-conferring
      activity was lost simultaneously. We propose, therefore, that the trimer is the
      minimal functional unit of porin that is capable of forming permeability channels
      in the outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 376312
TI  - Purification and partial characterization of a factor, a mating hormone produced
      by mating-type-a cells from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibiting the a mating type secrete into the
      culture medium a mating-type-specific hormone activity (a factor), which
      specifically causes a transient arrest of DNA replication and cell division in
      cells of the opposite mating type, alpha. Three compounds exhibiting a factor
      activity have been found in culture filtrates from a cells. The most active
      compound has been purified more than 10(5)-fold and appears to be homogeneous on
      the basis of thin-layer chromatography and thin-layer electrophoresis in
      different systems. We propose that this compound, which exhibits in alpha cells
      the biological activities that have been attributed to a factor, represents pure
      a factor. a factor has been characterized as a very hydrophobic undecapeptide
      with the following amino acid composition: H2N-Tyr (Asx1, Gly1, Ala1, Val1, Ile2,
      Phe1, Lys1, Trp1, Pro1). Although in their respective target cells the biological
      effects of a factor and of alpha factor, the corresponding mating hormone of
      mating-type-alpha cells, are remarkably similar, the primary structures of both
      hormones appear to be quite different.

PMID- 376313
TI  - Optical probe responses on sarcoplasmic reticulum: oxacarbocyanines as probes of
      membrane potential.
AB  - The relationship between Ca2+ fluxes and the ion diffusion potential was analyzed
      on sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes using oxacarbocyanine dyes as optical probes
      for membrane potential. 3.3'-Diethyloxodicarbocyanine responds to ATP-induced
      Ca2+ uptake by isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles with a decrease in
      absorbance at 600 nm. The optical change is reversed during Ca2+ release from
      sarcoplasmic reticulum induced by KCl or by ADP and inorganic phosphate. The
      absorbance changes are largely attributable to the binding of accumulated Ca2+ to
      the membrane. There is no indication that sustained changes in membrane diffusion
      potential would accompany pump-mediated Ca2+ fluxes. A large change in the
      absorbance of 3,3'-diethyloxodicarbocyanine was observed on sarcoplasmic
      reticulum vesicles under the influence of membrane potential generated by
      valinomycin in the presence of a K+ gradient or by ionophore A23187 in the
      presence of a Ca2+ gradient. The maximum of the potential-dependent absorbance
      change is at 575--580 nm. The potentials generated by valinomycin or ionophore
      A23187 are short-lived due to the high permeability of sarcoplasmic reticulum
      membranes for cations and anions. There is no correlation between the direction
      and magnitude of the artifically imposed membrane potential and the rate of Ca2+
      uptake or release by isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles.

PMID- 376314
TI  - Impotence secondary to postpuberal hypogonadism.
AB  - We studied 4 patients who were under consultation for secondary 'impotence
      coeundi' and who had had normal puberal development (degree V in the Tanner's
      scale). 2 of them had children. In the diverse diagnostic attempts, basal
      deficits of FSH, LH and testosterone were repeatedly confirmed. Stimulation with
      HCG was positive. Stimulation with Gn-RH did not modify the basal deficient
      values. Stimulation with clomiphene in 1 case was also negative. The
      determinations of ACTH, TSH, metopirone test and PBI were normal. In the
      spermiograms there  was oligoasthenozoospermia. We have not found antecedents
      that justify the hormonal insufficiency, thus we consider that it is a selective
      deficit of FSH and LH and of hypothalamic or pituitary postpuberal idiopathic
      genesis. Sexual potency was quickly regained when the patients were treated with
      HCG. In every case the dose was adjusted to allow therapeutics.

PMID- 376315
TI  - Post-transplantation ureteral stricture: controlateral pyelocalicostomy.
AB  - An extensive ureteral stricture developed in a patient 10 years after a renal
      transplantation. A normal controlateral collecting system has been used for a
      pyelocalicostomy with excellent postoperative result.

PMID- 376316
TI  - Results of two sequential chemotherapy studies in WHO Types I, III and IV lung
      cancer: cyclophosphamide-5-fluorouracil (CF) and cyclophosphamide-5-fluorouracil
      adriamycin (CAF).

PMID- 376317
TI  - Demonstration of HLA-DR-like antigens on milk fat globule membranes.
AB  - Milk fat globules (MFG), which are formed by exocytosis of lipid from epithelial
      cells of the mammary gland, are enveloped by plasma membrane from the epithelial
      cells. Highly purified, detergent-solubilized MFG membranes have been shown to
      contain molecules reactive with a rabbit antiserum against HLA-DR antigens.
      Indirect immunoprecipitation combined with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in
      sodium dodecyl sulfate demonstrated that the MFG membrane material reactive with
      the antiserum comprised molecules which under denaturing conditions displayed
      molecular weights of 28,000 and 35,000. The two types of polypeptide chains,
      which were both glycosylated, were held together by noncovalent forces under
      nondenaturing conditions. Various types of chemical and physicochemical analyses
      failed to reveal any significant differences between the HLA-DR-like antigens
      from MFG and from spleen cells. Since the HLA-DR-like antigens bound detergent in
      micellar form and were expressed on the outside of intact MFG, as revealed by
      indirect immunofluorescence, it is concluded that these antigens are embedded in
      the hydrocarbon matrix of the MFG and not merely passively adsorbed onto the MFG.

PMID- 376319
TI  - Isolation of viable reconstituted cells from human karyoplasts fused to mouse
      cytoplasts.

PMID- 376318
TI  - A human thymocyte antigen defined by a hybrid myeloma monoclonal antibody.
AB  - Spleen cells from a BALB/c mouse that had been immunized with human thymocytes
      were fused with the myeloma line P3-NS 1/1 Ag 4.1. One of the resulting hybrid
      clones (NA 1/34) secreted an antibody that was highly specific for human
      thymocytes. Eighty-five % of thymocytes expressed the antigen designated HTA1.
      There were an estimated 15 x 10(4) molecules of HTA 1 per cell, and it is
      therefore a major surface molecule. The expression of this antigen on thymocytes
      appears to be reciprocal to HLA, as recognized by another monoclonal antibody
      W6/32. Immunoprecipitated material from [125I]-labeled thymocyte membranes was
      analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate which
      disclosed a single component of 45,000 molecular weight.

PMID- 376320
TI  - Comparative studies between microbiological culture and uptake of uridine/uracil
      to detect mycoplasmal infection of cell cultures.

PMID- 376321
TI  - Differentiation of actin-containing filaments during chick skeletal myogenesis.

PMID- 376322
TI  - A study of histones in amoeba nuclei by indirect immunofluorescence method.

PMID- 376323
TI  - The ultrastructural delineation of cell growth and division processes using the
      avidin-biotin complex.

PMID- 376324
TI  - The radial glia of Muller in the rat retina and their response to injury. An
      immunofluorescence study with antibodies to the glial fibrillary acidic (GFA)
      protein.

PMID- 376325
TI  - A light microscope study of the lens of the tryptophan deficient rat.

PMID- 376326
TI  - Trypanosoma lewisi: accumulation of antigen-specific host IgG as a component of
      the surface coat during the course of infection in the rat.

PMID- 376327
TI  - Plasmodium berghei: effect of antithymocyte serum on induction of immunity in the
      mouse.

PMID- 376328
TI  - Endotoxin-induced myeloid reactions in dogs.
AB  - The response to artificial endotoxinemia was studied in adult dogs. Granulocyte
      macrophage colony stimulating activity (CSA) in lung tissue and blood was
      measured along with the number of circulating granulocytes and myeloid committed
      stem cells (colony forming units, CFUc). Acute endotoxinemia induced a measurable
      CSA increase in lung tissue before being detectable in blood. Granulocytes,
      rapidly removed from the circulation, showed no release of CSA during
      sequestration. These experiments demonstrate that the process of endotoxin
      recognition and subsequent transition into a myelopoietic stimulus is medicated
      by cells belonging to tissue; mature granulocytes, involved in the defence
      against bacterial infection, do not release activity that promotes growth of
      immature myeloid cells.

PMID- 376329
TI  - Promotion and limitation of genetic exchange.

PMID- 376330
TI  - Proteolytic enzymes in the Rhodnius prolixus midgut.
AB  - Sequential chromatographic fractionation of Rhodnius prolixus midgut homogenate
      yielded only one endopeptidase, but revealed the presence of carboxypeptidase-A
      and B-like enzyme, di- and tripeptidases, as well as aminopeptidase activities.

PMID- 376331
TI  - The effect of polysaccharide-protein complex isolated from Candida albicans on
      regional blood flow in rats.
AB  - After i.v. administration to rats of polysaccharide-protein complex, isolated
      from Candida albicans, a decrease of cardiac output was observed from 20 sec to
      240 min postinjection, followed by a recovery at 360 min. Concomitantly the
      regional blood flow was maintained in heart and lungs, moderately decreased in
      intestine, liver and adrenals and markedly reduced in skin, muscle, spleen and
      kidney.

PMID- 376332
TI  - HBsAg uptake by macrophages in vitro: an immunofluorescence study.
AB  - The uptake of HBsAg by in vitro cultured macrophages was studied by
      immunofluorescence method. Intracytoplasmic fluorescent particles appeared 3 h
      after the contact with HBsAg-positive serum, while after 24-48 h only a few cells
      contained these particles, which are probably destroyed within the cytoplasm.

PMID- 376333
TI  - Asialoprotein uptake by liver cells: immunofluorescence microscopy.
AB  - Uptake of asialoproteins by hepatocytes causes a change in the intracellular
      pattern of immunofluorescence. Control cells display a peripheral fluorescence
      which probably represents nascent proteins. Dark nonfluorescent areas, that
      presumably contain glycogen, are located around the nucleus. In contrast, liver
      cells from rats injected with asialoproteins display a pancytoplasmic
      fluorescence due to an influx of endocytotic vesicles.

PMID- 376334
TI  - Tick-borne encephalitis virus-specified sequences in persistently infected cell
      culture revealed by DNA-DNA hybridization.
AB  - Hybridization of DNA probe, obtained through DNA polymerase-mediated in vitro
      transcription of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) RNA, with DNA isolated from
      persistently infected with TBEV cell culture revealed 5.4 copies of viral genome
      per haploid set.

PMID- 376336
TI  - Evidence for changes in cell shape from a 2-dimensional to a 3-dimensional
      substrate.
AB  - Chick embryo mesoderm cells were explanted to culture systems in vivo and in
      vitro and their subsequent movements were correlated with the external morphology
      as studied by SEM. In vitro cell movements are exaggerations of normal in vivo
      movements where a 2-dimensional substrate is encountered rather than a 3
      dimensional environment.

PMID- 376335
TI  - Myosin-like protein in the human parathyroid glands: an immunohistochemical
      study.
AB  - The immunofluorescent staining of the human parathyroid glands shows that the
      principal cells bind antimyosin-like antibodies. The presence of a myosin-like
      protein in the principal cells of the human parathyroid glands is presumably in
      rapport with parathormone secretion.

PMID- 376337
TI  - [Comparative study of the effect of thymosin and supernatant from epithelial
      thymic cells on antibody production (author's transl)].
AB  - A thymic extract (TE) was prepared from supernatant of mice thymic epithelial
      cultures according to the purification of thymosin. TE and thymosin stimulated,
      in vitro, the immune response of mouse against deep red blood cells.

PMID- 376338
TI  - Immunological recovery of thymectomized and sham-thymectomized lethally
      irradiated mice reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow cells.
AB  - Immunological functions of lethally irradiated mice reconstituted with syngeneic
      bone marrow cells recover after 5--6 weeks. In mice that had been thymectomized
      before irradiation and reconstitution, T-cell function is deficient but the B
      cell function is preserved.

PMID- 376339
TI  - Membrane changes in polymorphonuclear leukocytes during ionophore (A23187)
      induced lysosomal release.

PMID- 376340
TI  - [Structural elements of the histamine H1- and H2-receptors].

PMID- 376342
TI  - [In memoriam Iurii Ivanovich Vikhliaev (1924--1978)].

PMID- 376341
TI  - [Hemodynamic effects of prostaglandins (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 376343
TI  - Structure--function relationships in Escherichia coli initiation factors. II.
      Elucidation of the primary structure of initiation factor IF-1.

PMID- 376344
TI  - Heavy meromyosin- and ATP-binding protein from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 376345
TI  - Evidence for a functional oxygen-bound intermediate in the reaction of
      Escherichia coli cytochrome o with oxygen.

PMID- 376346
TI  - Hormone-receptor--adenylate cyclase interactions.

PMID- 376347
TI  - Ribosomes of rat liver catalyze 'minimal' donor reaction.

PMID- 376348
TI  - Enzymatic synthesis of acyl--acyl carrier protein and assay of acyl carrier
      protein.

PMID- 376349
TI  - Stoichiometric enzyme--peptide conjugation of an affinity matrix.

PMID- 376350
TI  - Participation of a mitochondrial proteinase in the breakdown of mitochondrial
      translation products in yeast.

PMID- 376351
TI  - Functions of an institutional a review board and the protection of human
      subjects.

PMID- 376352
TI  - Immunological circuits: cellular composition.

PMID- 376353
TI  - Protective effects of supplemental vitamin E against infection.
AB  - Vitamin E supplementation (dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate except where noted) in
      excess of requirement significantly increased humoral immune response or disease
      resistance. Mice immunized with sheep red blood cells or tetanus toxoid and fed
      the supplemental vitamin demonstrated increased plaque-forming cells (PFC) and
      hemagglutinin (HA) titers. A vitamin E deficiency resulted in decreased PFC and
      little IgG which was partially corrected by N,N-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine but
      not as effectively as by vitamin E. Hens immunized with Brucella abortus and fed
      different levels of the vitamin produced chicks with increased passive immunity;
      a biphasic antibody response to the level of the vitamin fed was noted. Vitamin E
      fed to nonimmunized hens was found to significantly increase the primary immune
      response of their immunized chicks. Feeding dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate to guinea
      pigs immunized with Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus resulted in no
      increased immunity. Injecting this form of the vitamin resulted in severe tissue
      reaction. However, injecting dl-alpha-tocopheryl significantly improved
      hemagglutinin inhibition titers. Chicks and turkeys infected with Escherichia
      coli and fed supplemental vitamin E had reduced mortality and increased HA
      titers. Sheep fed vitamin E and challenged with Chlamydia had improved weight
      gains and no detectable Chlamydia.

PMID- 376354
TI  - [100 years of cystoscopy].

PMID- 376355
TI  - The "treatment" of unexplained infertility with danazol.
AB  - In order to investigate the possible stimulating effect of danazol on fertility,
      a randomized clinical trial was performed on 40 women with unexplained
      infertility. Of these 40 women, 21 received 200 mg of danazol daily for 100 days
      and 19 received a placebo treatment during the same period. Serum levels of
      luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, estrone,
      estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were followed before, during, and after
      treatment. Danazol administration induced anovulation in all women, with prompt
      resumption of normal ovulatory function after discontinuation of the drug. No
      influence was seen on serum LH, FSH, and testosterone levels, but serum estrone,
      estradiol, and progesterone levels decreased significantly during treatment.
      Serum prolactin levels also decreased, but not significantly. No pregnancies
      occurred in the placebo group during a 6-month follow-up period. In the danazol
      group, five pregnancies occurred, of which two were ectopic and three went to
      term. The difference in pregnancy rate between both groups was statistically
      significant (P less than 0.05).

PMID- 376356
TI  - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone infusion test in the distinction of hypopituitary
      patients from normal subjects.
AB  - We undertook a pilot study to determine whether infusion of gonadotropin
      releasing hormone (GnRH) might improve the distinction of hypogonadotropinism
      from the normal state and might permit gonadotropin deficiency to be diagnosed in
      the prepubertal child. Normal prepubertal and pubertal boys had a greater
      luteinizing hormone (LH) reaction (delta LH 54 +/- 15 [SD] ng/ml and 165 +/- 23
      ng/ml, respectively) to a 4-hour infusion (100 microgram/hour) than to a 100
      microgram bolus of GnRH (19 +/- 9 and 52 +/- 35 ng/ml). These augmented responses
      were observed in boys with delayed puberty, but not in apparently
      hypogonadotropic males greater than or equal to 12 years old. LH (delta LH 445 to
      1602 ng/ml) and FSH (delta FSH 718 to 2112 ng/ml) surges were induced
      consistently by GnRH infusion only in normal, postmenarchial females. In all, of
      13 hypopituitary cases classified as hypogonadotropic on the basis of a subnormal
      response to GnRH infusion, 31% had a normal response to the GnRH bolus (P =
      0.05). Thus, GnRH infusion testing seems to improve the distinction of
      hypogonadotropic patients from normal individuals, including boys with delayed
      puberty.

PMID- 376357
TI  - alpha,1-4-Glucosidase activity in human semen: variations with number and
      motility of spermatozoa.

PMID- 376358
TI  - Fertility of the diethylstilbestrol-exposed offspring.

PMID- 376359
TI  - Chlamydial serology in infertile women by immunofluorescence.
AB  - The chlamydial serum immunoglobulin G antibodies of 128 infertile women were
      determined by a single-antigen (L2) immunofluorescence test. The antibody titers
      were compared with those of female contacts of men with nonspecific urethritis
      and with those of "normal" pregnant women. Among infertile women, 43% lacked
      chlamydial antibodies (titer less than or equal to 8). The corresponding
      proportion for contacts of men with nonspecific urethritis was 14% and that for
      pregnant women 71%. A very high titer (greater than or equal to 256) was recorded
      in 25 infertile women and in 7% of pregnant women. Among women with positive
      chlamydial isolation, 46% had titers greater than or equal to 256. Bilateral
      tubal obstruction was demonstrated in 23 infertile women (18%). The geometric
      mean titer of these patients was higher than that of patients with normal
      hysterosalpingograms. In nine cases with bilateral tubal obstruction and very
      high chlamydial antibody titers, there was no history of pelvis infections. The
      operative findings were typical of previous salpingo-oophoritis.

PMID- 376360
TI  - Paradoxical effects of D-Trp6-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone on the
      hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in immature female rats.
AB  - The effect of administration of a superactive and long-acting analog of
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), D-Trp6-LH-RH, in doses of 0.05 or
      1 microgram/day for 10 days on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis was
      studied in immature female rats. Treatment with a 0.05-microgram dose of analog
      produced few changes as compared with the control group. Treatment with 1
      microgram of D-Trp6-LH-RH did not affect the body weight or the pituitary weight,
      but increased ovarian weight and decreased uterine weight; elevated serum
      gonadotropin levels; and lowered the pituitary LH content. This depletion of
      pituitary LH content was associated with a low pituitary responsiveness to LH-RH.
      Serum estradiol levels were not modified, suggesting that decreased uterine
      weight reflects a direct and extrapituitary effect of this analog. The
      hypothalamic LH-RH content was higher, indicating a possible inhibition of the
      release of endogenous LH-RH. A delay in vaginal opening was also observed. This
      indicates that large doses of D-Trp6-LH-RH may interfere with the process of
      puberty in rats. These findings extend other reports about the paradoxical
      antifertility effects of large doses of stimulatory analogs of LH-RH.

PMID- 376361
TI  - [Professional dangers of mercury].

PMID- 376362
TI  - [Pierre Fauchard, father of modern dental art].

PMID- 376363
TI  - [Use of plastic materials in removable prosthesis].

PMID- 376364
TI  - [The English "Dentist Act" of 1878].

PMID- 376365
TI  - Glucagon and diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The present status of knowledge about glucagon pathophysiology in diabetes is
      reviewed. 1) A-cells behave abnormally in all varieties of diabetes mellitus,
      spontaneous and experimental, except perhaps in case of pancreatectomized humans.
      These abnormalities are : hyperreactivity of A-cells to arginine, non
      suppressibility by glucose, and absence of stimulation following hypoglycemia. 2)
      These abnormalities appear as secondary in most instances : a) A-cells behave in
      a normal way in most studies with prediabetics ; b) plasma glucagon concentration
      is normalized by excellent control of diabetes or following prolonged insulin
      infusion. High doses of insulin are required most of the times to obtain a
      normalization of A-cell function : in insulin-dependent diabetics, the
      physiological portoperipheral insulin gradient no longer exists, and the high
      doses of insulin which are necessary may be the only mean to reconstitute the
      high insulin concentrations supposed to be present at the A-cell level. 3)
      Conflicting results have been collected about the role of this glucagon excess in
      aggravating the diabetic metabolic syndrome. Evanescent effects follow sustained
      glucagon infusions: but in diabetics, glucagon bursts rather than permanent
      hyperglucagonemia are observed and these appear deleterious to glucose tolerance.
      It seems clear however that insulin deprivation is required for the full
      expression of the consequences of glucagon excess.

PMID- 376366
TI  - Prepubertal and pubertal ovarian function.

PMID- 376367
TI  - Experimental aspects of follicular maturation.

PMID- 376368
TI  - Anti-idiotypic antibodies induce formation of anti-H-2 sera and of idiotypes.
AB  - Alloantisera could be induced in parental strain recipients either by means of
      alloantigen (skin allografting) or by injecting anti-idiotypic (anti-T cell
      receptor) sera. The resulting sera displayed activity against H-2 antigens; they
      also contained soluble isiotypic structures. With these sera anti-idiotypic sera
      could be provoked in F1 hybrid hosts. If antibody cycles initiated with
      alloantigen were carried through four runs, specificity appeared to be preserved
      and titers obtained corresponded to those found in conventionally raised anti
      idiotypic sera and in alloantisera.

PMID- 376369
TI  - Enzyme-immunoassay of anti-(bovine insulin) antibodies [proceedings].

PMID- 376370
TI  - The role of prolactin in human reproduction.

PMID- 376371
TI  - Inhibin--fact or artifact.
AB  - Peripheral concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in male as well
      as in female animals appear to be partly regulated by inhibin, a protein which is
      secreted by the gonads. The molecular structure of this substance is still
      unknown, and the mechanism(s) of its action on the pituitary or hypothalamic
      level is not clear. Much of the confusion about inhibin stems from the fact that
      no generally accepted definition of inhibin exists and that fundamentally
      different biological assay systems have been used by different groups. Therefore
      this short review starts with a discussion of the definition of inhibin and the
      assay principles. From the available information on the site of origin of the
      hormone it appears likely that inhibin is produced in the Sertoli cells of the
      testis and the granulosa cells of the ovary. The available data on the chemical
      nature of inhibin suggest that different principles, acting on different sites of
      the hypothalamic--pituitary axis, might be present in preparations with inhibin
      like activity. Finally, with respect to the biological significance of inhibin,
      it seems that inhibin could play a more important role in the feedback regulation
      of FSH in the adult female than in the adult male animal.

PMID- 376372
TI  - Alkaline phosphatase and maltase activity in the embryonic chick intestine in
      culture. Influence of thyroxine and hydrocortisone.

PMID- 376373
TI  - Expression of the cell surface-associated glycoprotein, fibronectin, in the early
      mouse embryo.

PMID- 376374
TI  - Application of recombinant DNA technology to questions of developmental biology:
      a review.

PMID- 376375
TI  - Alteration of membrane permeability to calcium ions during maturation of bovine
      spermatozoa.

PMID- 376377
TI  - Effect of fasting on the release of insulin and somatostatin from perifused
      islets of Langerhans.
AB  - Release of somatostatin and insulin from perifused islets of fasted and control
      rats was compared. After a fasting period of 48 h glucose-induced insulin release
      but not somatostatin release was diminished. Islets from fasted rats released
      significantly more somatostatin in the presence of 3.3 mM glucose than islets
      from controls. Simultaneously, the somatostatin content of isolated islets from
      fasting rats was significantly decreased. The results indicate that the low
      secretory activity of islet B cells in the fasting state is associated with a
      high secretory activity of islet D cells.

PMID- 376376
TI  - Characteristics of the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems of the pancreatic
      islets.

PMID- 376378
TI  - Intermediary metabolism and insulin secretion from isolated rat islets of
      Langerhans.

PMID- 376379
TI  - Correlation between morphology and function in isolated islets of the Zucker rat.
AB  - Obesity in the Zucker rat is accompanied by hyperlipemia, hyperinsulinism,
      insulin resistance, pancreatic hyperplasia, and islet hypertrophy. This study
      correlates the morphologic heterogeneity of isolated pancreatic islets with
      secretion of insulin and glucagon in the perifusion system. Islet size was
      arbitrarily defined as large (greater than 0.45 mm) or small (smaller than 0.12
      mm). Protein content and volume (V = 4/3pir3) were calculated for groups and
      individual islets, respectively. Islets from obese rats secreted more insulin in
      response to glucose and aminophylline than islets from lean rats (peak 7.8 +/-
      2.4 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.37 microU/islet/min, P less than 0.005). Insulin release was
      related directly to islet size and protein content. Small islets from lean and
      obese animals produced less insulin per islet than large islets (P less than
      0.005). In terms of islet volume, however, large islets were inefficient insulin
      releasers as compared to small islets (P less than 0.005). Stimulation with Br
      cAMP released glucagon from islets of lean but not from large islets of obese
      animals (peak 11 +/- 3.3 vs. 4.1 +/- 0.3 pg/microgram protein per minute, P less
      than 0.05). Arginine produced the same effect on glucagon release (P less than
      0.05) as stimulation with Br-cAMP. The observed increased insulin release rates
      and the blunted glucagon response are related to islet size in the pancreas of
      the Zucker rat.

PMID- 376380
TI  - The mechanism of zinc uptake in isolated islets of Langerhans.

PMID- 376381
TI  - Diabetic neuropathy--new concepts of its etiology.

PMID- 376382
TI  - Evidence for the existence of a biosynthetic precursor for somatostatin.

PMID- 376383
TI  - Cellular mechanisms of insulin release. Effects of retinol on insulin release and
      islet ultrastructure.

PMID- 376385
TI  - Food service flashback: a century of progress.

PMID- 376384
TI  - Method for large-scale isolation of pancreatic islets by tissue culture of fetal
      rat pancreas.

PMID- 376386
TI  - [Study and use of fosfomycin in the clinical field].

PMID- 376387
TI  - Ifosfamide in the treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma. A preliminary trial.

PMID- 376388
TI  - Effect of OK-432 on immunization with mitomycin-C-treated L1210 cells.
AB  - The pretreatment of B6D2F1 mice with OK-432 alone was not so effective to retard
      the growth of L1210 leukemia, and the leukemic cell was poorly immunogenic in the
      mice. However, when OK-432 was given by ip injection in combination with
      mitomycin-C-treated L1210 cells, the growth of L1210 leukemia was significantly
      retarded and some mice did not "take" the leukemia. Meanwhile, BCG was also
      effective in this respect. Differences in properties as an immunopotentiator
      between OK-432 and BCG were suggested by the experiments of in vitro cytotoxicity
      test of spleen cells.

PMID- 376389
TI  - Bertram Welton Sippy (1866-1924).

PMID- 376390
TI  - Cimetidine in anastomotic ulceration after partial gastrectomy.
AB  - In order to assess the efficacy of cimetidine in patients with endoscopically
      anastomotic ulcer after partial gastrectomy, 21 such patients entered a double
      blind prospective clinical trial. At endoscopy after 4 wk of treatment, 8 of 12
      patients treated with 1 g of cimetidine daily compared with 1 of 9 patients who
      received a placebo had healed ulcers (P less than 0.05). Evaluation of symptoms
      relief supported the efficacy of cimetidine compared with placebo. Healing rate
      after 1 mo of treatment with cimetidine was 67% and increased to 86% after 2 mo.
      During 1 year of maintenance therapy with 800 mg cimetidine daily, 3 of 19
      patients relapsed. No serious side effects were observed. The results of this
      study demonstrate a beneficial effect of cimetidine on healing and symptoms of
      anastomotic ulcers.

PMID- 376392
TI  - Altered gastric emptying and secretion in primary anorexia nervosa.
AB  - Primary anorexia nervosa (PAN) is an important psychiatric disease with a 7--21%
      mortality rate. Although altered gastrointestinal function may be an important
      aspect of its pathophysiology, no information is available concerning gastric
      emptying and secretion in those patients. During fasting, fractional emptying
      rates and hydrogen ion (H+) output were decreased twofold in PAN, as compared
      with healthy controls, and fluid output was slightly but not significantly
      decreased. Pentagastrin-induced peak stimulation of H+ output in PAN was 64% of
      that found in controls (P less than 0.05). Peak gastric fluid output was also
      significantly less in PAN patients, but suppression of fractional emptying
      produced by pentagastrin was of the same magnitude in both groups. Following a
      250-ml water load, the magnitude and the duration of both the emptying and
      secretory responses were less in PAN patients than in controls. As a result, the
      initial increase of intragastric volume was greater in PAN patients than in
      controls, and the gradual return to fasting volume was delayed in those patients.
      Follow weight gain, fractional emptying tended to return toward control values,
      but was still significantly less than in controls following the water load.
      Gastric H+ and fluid output were not significantly modified following weight
      gain.

PMID- 376391
TI  - Relationship between membrane-bound immunoglobulin and viral antigens in liver
      cells from patients with hepatitis B virus infection.
AB  - In an attempt to define further the significance of immunoglobulin G (IgG) fixed
      in vivo to the hepatocyte membrane in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, we have
      studied the relationship between presence of membrane-bound IgG and that of
      intracellular hepatitis B surface (HBsAg) and core (HBcAg) antigens in
      hepatocytes from 25 HBsAg chronic carriers. For this purpose, we have used a
      double immunofluorescence technique that is able to detect IgG and viral antigens
      within the same liver cell. In 15 patients with HBsAg-positive chronic active
      hepatitis, we found a statistically significant association between detection of
      membrane-bound IgG and that of intranuclear HBcAg within the same liver cells. On
      the contrary HGsAg containing hepatocytes generally did not show IgG fixed on
      their surface. IgG was not detected on the liver cell surface in 10 other HBsAg
      carriers without active disease and with large amounts of HBsAg containing
      hepatocytes. These results suggest that in HBsAg-positive chronic active
      hepatitis membrane-bound IgG is directed against viral antigens or virus-induced
      neoantigens that appear on the surface of infected cells at the time of active
      virus replication. Modulation of virus expression by this IgG could play a role
      in the pathogenesis of the disease.

PMID- 376393
TI  - Rudolf Schindler, pioneer endoscopist. Glimpses of the man and his work.

PMID- 376394
TI  - Jaundice due to bacterial infection.

PMID- 376396
TI  - Motilin in ED-cells?

PMID- 376397
TI  - Obtaining accurate preliminary denture impressions.

PMID- 376395
TI  - Fifteen years of clinical liver transplantation.
AB  - Liver transplantation in humans was first attempted more than 15 yr ago. The 1-yr
      survival has slowly improved until it has now reached about 50%. In our
      experience, 46 patients have lived for at least 1 yr, with the longest survival
      being 9 yr. The high acute mortality in early trials was due in many cases to
      technical and management errors and to the use of damaged organs. With
      elimination of such factors, survival increased. Further improvements will depend
      upon better immunosuppression. Orthotopic liver transplantation (liver
      replacement) is the preferred operation in most cases, but placement of an extra
      liver (auxiliary transplantation) may have a role under special circumstances.

PMID- 376398
TI  - Comparative distribution of somatostatin, LH-RH, neurophysin, and alpha-endorphin
      in the rainbow trout: an immunocytological study.

PMID- 376399
TI  - Functional interactions beween the DNA ligase of Escherichia coli and components
      of the DNA metabolic apparatus of T4 bacteriophage.
AB  - T4 phage completely defective in both gene 30 (DNA ligase) and the rII gene
      (function unknown) require at least normal levels of host-derived DNA ligase (E.
      coli lig gene) for growth. Viable E. coli mutant strains that harbor less than 5%
      of the wild-type level of bacterial ligase do not support growth of T4 doubly
      defective in genes 30 and rII (T4 30- rII- mutants). We describe here two classes
      of secondary phage mutations that permit the growth of T4 30- rII- phage on
      ligase-defective hosts. One class mapped in T4 gene su30 (Krylov 1972) and
      improved T4 30- rII- phage growth on all E. coli strains, but to varying degrees
      that depended on levels of residual host ligase. Another class mapped in T4 gene
      32 (helix-destabilizing protein) and improved growth specifically on a host
      carrying the lig2 mutation, but not on a host carrying another lig- lesion
      (lig4). Two conclusions are drawn from the work: (1) the role of DNA ligase in
      essential DNA metabolic processes in T4-infected E. coli is catalytic rather than
      stoichiometric, and (2) the E. coli DNA ligase is capable of specific functional
      interactions with components of the T4 DNA replication and/or repair apparatus.

PMID- 376400
TI  - Localized mutagenesis for the isolation of temperature-sensitive mutants of
      Escherichia coli affected in protein synthesis.
AB  - Two variations of the method of localized mutagenesis were used to introduce
      mutations into the 72 min region of the Escherichia coli chromosome. Twenty
      temperature-sensitive mutants, with linkage to markers in this region, have been
      examined. Each strain showed an inhibition of growth in liquid medium at 44
      degrees, and 19 of the mutants lost viability upon prolonged incubation at this
      temperature. A reduction in the rate of in vivo RNA and protein synthesis was
      observed for each mutant at 44 degrees, relative to a control strain. Eleven of
      the mutants were altered in growth sensitivity or resistance to one or more of
      three ribosomal antibiotics. The incomplete assembly of ribosomal subunits was
      detected in nine strains grown at 44 degrees. The characteristics of these
      mutants suggest that many of them are altered in genes for translational or
      transcriptional components, consistent with the clustering of these genes at this
      chromosomal locus.

PMID- 376401
TI  - Characterization of a new choline locus in Aspergillus nidulans and its
      significance for choline metabolism.

PMID- 376402
TI  - Overlap hybridization screening: isolation and characterization of overlapping
      DNA fragments surrounding the leu2 gene on yeast chromosome III.
AB  - A set of four plasmids containing overlapping segments comprising a total of
      about 30 kbp of cloned DNA from chromosome III of yeast (Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae) has been isolated and characterized by restriction endonuclease
      analyses and DNA:DNA hybridizations. Colony hybridization was carried out with
      labeled pYe(leu2)10, a plasmid carrying the yeast leu2 gene, to a bank of
      bacterial colonies containing recombinant plasmids constructed from the vector
      ColE1 and random fragments of yeast DNA. This resulted in the detection of two
      plasmids, pYe11G4 and pYe40C3, with DNA inserts which partially overlap the
      original cloned segment and contain additional DNA extending in opposite
      directions on the chromosome. By carrying out a second round of colony
      hybridization with pYe40C3, the cloned region was further extended in one
      direction. A region of DNA that is repeated at least ten times in the yeast
      genome was identified by hybridization of pYe11G4 to an EcoRI digest of total
      yeast DNA. The procedure described in this paper should allow the isolation of
      large sections of chromosomes, including non-transcribed regions, surrounding
      cloned genes.

PMID- 376403
TI  - Construction of an M13 histidine-transducing phage: a single-stranded cloning
      vehicle with one EcoRI site.
AB  - In order to create a ready source of single-stranded DNA for DNA sequence
      determination by the dideoxy chain-termination method, the promoter-proximal part
      of the histidine operon, the hisOGD region of Salmonella typhimurium, was cloned
      onto the single-stranded phage M13. Both orientations of the his DNA were cloned
      to supply DNA template for sequencing of each strand. Insertion was achieved at
      an HaeIII site in the intergenic region (IR) of M13, and a single EcoRI site was
      purposely regenerated at one boundary of the his DNA insert. Infected colonies,
      not plaques, were selected using the hisD gene as a selective marker. The single
      RI site and the hisD marker for auxotrophic selection represent improvements on
      the wild type M13 as a single-stranded vector for cloning other DNA.

PMID- 376404
TI  - Mapping of restriction sites in the argF gene of Escherichia coli by partial
      endonuclease digestion of end-labeled DNA.
AB  - A detailed physical map depicting the cleavage sites generated by ten different
      restriction endonucleases was prepared for the argF region of the Escherichia
      coli K-12 genome carried on a 1650 base pair fragment capable of directing the in
      vitro synthesis of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTCase; ec 2.1.3.3) under the
      control of arginine holorepressor. The method employed was originally developed
      by Smith and Birnstiel (1976), and involved the electrophoretic sizing of partial
      endonuclease digestion products of DNA radiolabeled at one end. This novel
      technique proved to be rapid, simple, amenable to the simultaneous mapping of
      numerous cleavage sites, and provided the essential information for determining
      the map order of restriction fragments. A facile method which involved magnesium
      phosphate as the DNA-binding agent was presented for the isolation of DNA
      fragments. The discovery of a 117 base pair leader sequence in the argF gene is
      also discussed.

PMID- 376405
TI  - How to manage adult respiratory distress syndrome.
AB  - The key clinical features of adult respiratory distress syndrome are increasing
      dyspnea, tachypnea, and work of breathing; diffuse pulmonary infiltrations on
      chest radiographs; severe hypoxemia; and absence of a classic diagnosis. Adequate
      tissue oxygenation is the cornerstone of therapy. Therapeutic modalities include
      mechanical ventilation, fluid restriction, diuretics, and cardiotonic and
      vasopressor agents.

PMID- 376406
TI  - Leg ulcers in the elderly.
AB  - The most common causes of leg ulcers in elderly patients are arteriosclerosis
      obliterans, venous insufficiency, hypertension, and prolonged pressure over
      relatively small body areas. The goal of treatment is to clear infection and
      stimulate good granulation tissue that can accept either a skin graft or
      epithelial regrowth from the borders of the ulcer.

PMID- 376407
TI  - Can drugs improve memory?
AB  - Drug-induced manipulation of the cholinergic system may possibly be able to
      reverse memory deficits due to old age.

PMID- 376408
TI  - [Study of possible carcinogenic properties of meta-toluylene-diamine].

PMID- 376409
TI  - Measuring intraepithelial lymphocytes, surface area, and volume of lamina propria
      in the jejunal mucosa of coeliac patients.
AB  - An accurate morphometric method is described for quantifying the intraepithelial
      lymphocytes (IEL), the area of the epithelium, and the volume of the lamina
      propria in jejunal mucosa of coeliac patients. All measurements are related to a
      unit-length of muscularis mucosa which is unaltered by the disease process. The
      results show a significant decrease in the epithelial surface area and an
      increase in the volume of the lamina propria in coeliac jejunal mucosa compared
      with normal levels, even after treatment. The number of IEL is the same as normal
      before or after treatment. Other workers have shown an apparent increase in IEL
      in untreated disease which returns to normal levels after therapy. This
      discordance is explained and the importance of accurate quantitative methodology
      is stressed.

PMID- 376410
TI  - [Psychologic and environmental variables as risk factors in essential
      hypertension].

PMID- 376411
TI  - The Prague school of anatomy.

PMID- 376413
TI  - [History of pediatric gynecology].

PMID- 376412
TI  - The likeness and physical characteristics of Emperor Charles IV.

PMID- 376414
TI  - [Professor Georg Maurer M.D. on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 376415
TI  - [Treatment of infected pseudoarthroses with electrodynamic field therapy].
AB  - The electrodynamic field treatment, its method and fundamentals in the therapy of
      infected, atrophic pseudarthrosis are described. In addition to the common
      principles of treatment, particularly the transplantation of autologous spongious
      bone is of great importance. The bone graft reestablishes normal electrical
      conduction within the pseudarthrosis and as a reactive receptor for the applied
      a.c.-potentials consolidates the defect. Up to now in 8 years of employing this
      method 271 patients, suffering from pseudarthroses have been treated, 91 of them
      had an infected, often atrophic pseudarthrosis. In each group in 92% of the cases
      bony healing could be achieved. Some case reports demonstrate clinic and therapy.

PMID- 376416
TI  - [Utilization of a synthetic skin substitute instead of split skin in cross-leg
      flap and other pedicle flap grafting].
AB  - The method using synthetic skin substitute Epigard as a long-term coverage for
      donor sites in cross-leg-flap- and other plastic surgery procedures is described.
      The double-layered polyurethane/Teflon-material can be left on the wound for
      several weeks to avoid bacterial contamination during holding periods and to
      prepare regrafting of skin flaps. Experiences based on 32 cases are described.

PMID- 376417
TI  - [Leonardo da Vinci as anatomist, shown by the principle of pronation and
      supination of the hand].

PMID- 376418
TI  - [Prof. Kurt Spohn, M.D. on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 376419
TI  - [Experimental study on glucuronic acid conjugation, a study conducted by
      Tatsuhiko Ideta in 1930's].

PMID- 376420
TI  - On-line searches net data for administrators.
AB  - New data base of references on health care administration and planning can be
      used at 900 centers, including many hospitals. Details on using the system are
      presented.

PMID- 376421
TI  - Court defines group provider PRRB appeals.

PMID- 376422
TI  - Home health emerges again on Capitol Hill.

PMID- 376423
TI  - Who really likes HMOs?
AB  - The growth of HMOs has been slow, mainly because of a lack of acceptance by
      doctors and patients. Thus, the "swing" toward HMOs is likely to continue to
      proceed at a stately pace.

PMID- 376424
TI  - Historic building houses nursery, ICU.

PMID- 376425
TI  - Court strikes denial of pay for patients awaiting transfer.

PMID- 376426
TI  - Corman loyal to universal NHI program.
AB  - Rep. James C. Corman has swung his support to the President's plan for national
      health insurance but still prefers universal public health care coverage.

PMID- 376428
TI  - Vera Georgievna Samsonova (on her 75th birthday).

PMID- 376427
TI  - Babesia infections in man.
AB  - Only recently has it been recognized that hemotropic animal parasites of the
      genus babesia are also human pathogens. Similar to malaria in both symptoms and
      laboratory findings, acute babesiosis generally results in self-limited illness,
      but it can be fatal in the asplenic patient. The widely disseminated vector tick,
      Ixodes dammini, can transmit infection at each stage of its development, larva
      and nymph as well as adult.

PMID- 376429
TI  - Operant conditioning of spontaneous and evoked brain electrical activity.

PMID- 376431
TI  - Design of multiple electrodes and methods of inserting them into the human brain.

PMID- 376432
TI  - The structural proteins and glycoproteins of herpesviruses: a review.
AB  - The virions of different herpesviruses are similar with respect to the number and
      kinds of constituent polypeptides, in spite of variability in the structures of
      individual polypeptides. The total number of virion polypeptides and
      glycopeptides ranges from 20 to 30 for different viruses and, in general, no more
      than one-quarter of these polypeptides is detectable in naked nucleocapsids,
      implying that most of the virion polypeptides are acquired during the process of
      envelopment. Although the functions of most individual structural proteins have
      not been identified, one can predict that the nucleocapsid proteins serve
      primarily structural roles or may mediate packaging of the viral genome, that the
      non-glycosylated envelope proteins play essential roles in the process of
      envelopment and that the glycoproteins, which are probably all exposed to the
      virion surface, mediate adsorption to and penetration of the host cell. Two of
      the herpes simplex virus glycoproteins have been identified as targets of
      neutralizing antibodies and one of these proteins has been shown to mediate viral
      penetration, probably by promoting fusion between the virion envelope and cell
      surface membrane.

PMID- 376430
TI  - Permeability of the gastronintestinal tract for macromolecules in health and
      disease.

PMID- 376433
TI  - Physicochemical properties of glucoamylase from rabbit small intestine.

PMID- 376434
TI  - Effect of thiol reacting reagents on the structure of the Escherichia coli
      ribosome.

PMID- 376435
TI  - Detection of a common polypeptide chain in I--A and I--E sub-region
      immunoprecipitates.

PMID- 376436
TI  - Differential affinity of murine lymphocyte membrane IgM and IgD for the lentil
      lectin.

PMID- 376437
TI  - Preparation and properties of high titer antisera against the beta sub-unit of
      human chorionic gonadotropin.

PMID- 376438
TI  - Isolation of Salmonella paratyphi B and Salmonella typhimurium from guineapigs.

PMID- 376439
TI  - Shigella serotypes in recent isolations at Lucknow.

PMID- 376440
TI  - Urban malaria and its vectors in Salem (Tamil Nadu): natural and induced
      infection with human plasmodia in mosquitoes.

PMID- 376441
TI  - Nosocomial Klebsiella pneumoniae epidemic in a neonatal special care unit.

PMID- 376442
TI  - [Impression in adjoined complete prosthesis. Principles and techniques].

PMID- 376443
TI  - [On uveitis of dental origin. On 200 cases].

PMID- 376444
TI  - [Osteoporosis and periodontopathies].

PMID- 376445
TI  - [Autogenous bone in the treatment of infra-osseous lesions].

PMID- 376446
TI  - Collection of lymph from single lymph nodes and the intestines of fetal lambs in
      utero.
AB  - Techniques for establishing chronic lymphatic fistulae in the intestinal and
      prescapular lymphatic ducts of fetal lambs during the test third of gestation are
      described. Despite the absence of antibody, immunoglobulin and extrinsic antigen,
      the number of recirculating lymphocytes increases considerably through gestation.
      Both thymus-derived and surface Ig-bearing B lymphocytes are present in the fetal
      recirculating pool and they appear to increase in number at the same rate.

PMID- 376447
TI  - B cell activity in rat bone marrow and spleen during primary and secondary
      response: dependence on strength of antigen.
AB  - B cell activity was studied in the spleen and the bone marrow of inbred rats
      after applying xenogeneic erythrocytes of different antigenic strength (mouse or
      sheep). The hemolytic plaque technique of Cunningham was used. In contrast to the
      studies of other authors with other species, these experiments showed that in the
      rat the kinetics of IgM and IgG responses in bone marrow and spleen are
      principally similar during a primary as well as during a secondary reaction,
      varying only with the strength of the antigen.

PMID- 376448
TI  - Bone marrow electronic cell sizing and counting for biological dosimetry of the
      irradiated rat.

PMID- 376449
TI  - Gambling, risk taking, play, personality, and motivation: a bibliography. Part 2.

PMID- 376451
TI  - The voice crying in the wilderness: Underhill Moore as a pioneer in the
      establishment of an interdisciplinary jurisprudence.

PMID- 376450
TI  - Cocaine: magical drug or menace?
AB  - Cocaine has attracted much attention as a recreational drug and some advocates
      have acclaimed it as both pleasurable and safe. This paper reviews the available
      evidence concerning the drug's physiological and psychological safety. Few deaths
      are attributed to cocaine, but its use is presently restricted by very limited
      supplies. Use of the drug may possibly result in liver and respiratory problems
      and may lead to paranoid psychotic conditions. There are many deficiencies in our
      knowledge of the effects of this drug.

PMID- 376453
TI  - Fluorescence microscopy for detection of M. leprae in tissue sections.
AB  - The fluorescence method was compared with the Fite-Faraco method for detecting
      acid-fast microorganisms in paraffin sections of cases of leprosy. Biopsies were
      obtained from 50 cases of leprosy covering all varieties and at varying stages of
      treatment. The fluorescence method was better than the Fite-Faraco method; 22
      biopsies showing acid-fast organisms in fluorescence microscopy and 20 in the
      Fite-Faraco method. Its superiority was evidenced in two cases in which the
      organisms were very scanty. Fluorescence microscopy can also be used to determine
      the Bacterial Index and the Morphologic Index of organisms. The Morphologic
      Index, however, was one and a half times higher than that obtained by the Fite
      Faraco technic. The ease and speed of fluorescence microscopy appear to be a
      great advantage.

PMID- 376452
TI  - Respiratory system involvement in leprosy.

PMID- 376455
TI  - Dr. Robert C. Hastings, editor IJL.

PMID- 376454
TI  - Therapeutic effects of adding rimactane (rifampicin) 450 milligrams daily or 1200
      milligrams once monthly in a single dose to dapsone 50 milligrams daily in
      patients with lepromatous leprosy.

PMID- 376456
TI  - Olaf K. Skinsnes, M.D., Ph.D.--An appreciation.

PMID- 376457
TI  - Nickolay Alexandrovich Torsuev, M.D. 1902-1978.

PMID- 376458
TI  - Disposition and antiarrhythmic effect of lorcainide.
AB  - The disposition and the antiarrhythmic effect of lorcainide (R 15,889) were
      investigated in 11 patients with ventricular premature beats (VPB) after a single
      intravenous dose of 100 mg or 2 mg/kg and after multiple intravenous and oral
      dosing. Pharmacokinetic parameters were computed according to the two-compartment
      open model. The half-life of the initial phase, t 1/2 (alpha), was calculated as
      0.3 +/- 0.1 hr (mean +/- SD) and the terminal half-life, t 1/2 (beta), varied
      independently of the dose and route of administration between 5.8 and 12.5 hr
      (7.8 +/- 2.5 hr). After the single intravenous dose total plasma clearance (Cl)
      ranged from 570 to 1670 ml/min (988 +/- 425 ml/min) while after multiple dosing
      Cl decreased to 666 +/- 27 ml/min. Comparison of the area under the curves during
      steady state (ss) indicated a complete bioavailability of multiple oral doses.
      After the single intravenous dose, VPB were diminished or reduced for about 4 hr
      if the plasma concentrations exceeded 120 to 150 ng/ml. During ss-therapy plasma
      levels fluctuated between 200 and 550 ng/ml with an effective prevention of
      arrhythmias. Thus, the new drug demonstrates a therapeutic range of approximately
      150 to 400 ng/ml and oral therapy seems to be effective with 100 mg t. i. d.

PMID- 376459
TI  - NAB 365 (clenbuterol) and salbutamol in asthmatics: a double-blind clinical
      trial.
AB  - A double-blind comparison between orally administered NAB 365 (clenbuterol) and
      salbutamol was conducted in 30 impatients with either asthma or chronic
      bronchitis with asthma who had at least 15% reversibility in airway obstruction
      following inhalation of 1,500 microgram of orciprenaline. NAB 365 (clenbuterol)
      was administered to 15 patients at 30 microgram b.i.d. for 3 days; then the
      dosage was reduced to 20 microgram b.i.d. Salbutamol was administered to the
      other 15 patients at 4 mg t.i.d. Both drugs were administered for an average of
      13 days. NAB 365 (clenbuterol) was shown to be an effective bronchodilator, with
      more rapid activity than that of salbutamol, on the FVC, FEV1, PEFR, the
      differences being significant on the third and seventh day of treatment. These
      findings are briefly discussed. No significant cardiovascular effects were noted
      for either drug, nor were differences found in need for additional treatment or
      in side-effects.

PMID- 376461
TI  - Bibliography: oral myology, oral myofunctional disorders and myofunctional
      therapy. 3.

PMID- 376460
TI  - Centenary biographical note: James E. Ackert.

PMID- 376462
TI  - Changes in cellular heat and/or radiation sensitivity observed at various times
      after trypsinization and plating.

PMID- 376463
TI  - Hyperthermic inactivation of diploid yeast and the interaction of damage caused
      by hyperthermia and ionizing radiation.
AB  - Inactivation of diploid yeast by hyperthermia has been studied. DO and Dq
      decrease with temperature for euoxic and anoxic conditions. The Arrhenius plot
      shows a break at 52 degrees C; the inactivation energies above and below this
      temperature are 153 and 94kcal/mol respectively. Hyperthermia (20 min at 51
      degrees C) also potentiates the lethal action of gamma rays in diploid yeast
      cells under both euoxic and anoxic conditions. The interaction between
      hyperthermic and radiation damage appears to be largely at the sublethal level.
      The euoxic cells, the hyperthermic potentiation decreases with increasing time
      between the application of hyperthermia and radiation, being completely lost
      after 24 hours. However, in the anoxic cells there was no decrease in the
      hyperthermic potentiation with increasing time interval. These results suggest
      that yeast cells are capable of repairing hyperthermic sublethal damage, but
      require oxygen to do so. Thus there is a similarity in the process of repair of
      sublethal damage caused by ionizing radiation on the one hand and hyperthermia on
      the other.

PMID- 376464
TI  - The non-random distribution of pyrimidine dimers in ultra-violet-irradiated DNA.

PMID- 376466
TI  - The effect of a 600 MeV neutron beam on mouse bone marrow.

PMID- 376465
TI  - Serum-mediated differences in depth-related cell inactivation with 60Co gamma
      rays.

PMID- 376467
TI  - Physiological and psychological effects of vitamins E and B6 on women taking oral
      contraceptives.

PMID- 376468
TI  - Risk factors in glaucoma.

PMID- 376470
TI  - Normal intraocular pressure and ocular hypertension.

PMID- 376469
TI  - Toxicity of ocular medications.

PMID- 376472
TI  - Ocular hypertension: reasons for abandonment of the term.

PMID- 376471
TI  - Great names in the early history of glaucoma.

PMID- 376474
TI  - The measurement of intraocular pressure.

PMID- 376473
TI  - Diagnostic evaluation of the patient suspected of having glaucoma.
AB  - From the preceding it can be seen that the clinician still has little to help him
      decide which of his patients with elevated intraocular pressure will advance to
      frank glaucomatous disease. There are no objective provocative tests that will
      reliably predict the future. Consequently, one must obtain as much data as
      possible about an individual patient and, combining all these facts, have either
      a high or low degree of suspicion. Once a patient is noted to have elevated
      pressure, however, he must remain a glaucoma suspect, perhaps for the rest of his
      life. Only the subsequent examination will determine if glaucoma is continuing to
      be absent (or clinically undetectable) or whether it has actually become
      clinically manifest. The need for periodic reevaluation is obvious. Careful
      documentation of the disc, field, and applanation intraocular pressure over a
      period of time remains the most important aspect of the diagnostic evaluation of
      the patient with elevated intraocular pressure.

PMID- 376475
TI  - Visual field changes in primary open-angle glaucoma.

PMID- 376476
TI  - [Drug interactions. Introduction].

PMID- 376477
TI  - [Biochemical principles, therapeutic significance and prevention of drug
      interactions on the pharmacokinetic level].

PMID- 376478
TI  - [Drug interactions through influencing plasma-protein binding].

PMID- 376480
TI  - [Which drug interactions are clinically relevant?].

PMID- 376479
TI  - [Drug interactions in therapy using coumarin derivatives].

PMID- 376481
TI  - Discoverers of Mach-bands.

PMID- 376482
TI  - Immunoglobulin in urine from ileal conduit and nephrostomy patients.
AB  - Patients with ileal conduits frequently have bacteruria, and some have
      pyelonephritis with associated renal deterioration. We attempted to find a
      noninvasive technique that could be used to define the source of the bacteria in
      such patients. Neither the antibody-coated bacteria test nor the selective
      immunofluorescent antibody studies made this distinction. Quantitative
      immunoglobulin determinations performed on urine from ileal conduits containing
      either less or greater than 10(5) bacteria per ml showed IgA to be the
      predominant immunoglobulin. Urine from patients with permanent nephrostomy
      drainage who had known chronic upper urinary tract infection contained
      predominantly IgG. Inasmuch as several studies have shown that both normal urine
      and urine from patients with pyelonephritis contain more IgG than IgA, we
      conclude that the conduit added IgA to the urine. However, even this quantitative
      immunoglobulin technique is unable to identify the source of the bacteria. To do
      so would have required an invasive collection of upper tract urine. The
      occurrence of acute symptomatic pyelonephritis was rare during the 18 months of
      the study, but the urine of the one ileal conduit patient with acute
      pyelonephritis studied contained more IgG than IgA.

PMID- 376483
TI  - Joseph Pancoast (1805--1882).

PMID- 376484
TI  - Modified technique for microsurgical vasovasostomy.
AB  - A modified technique of two-layer microsurgical vasovasostomy is described which
      permits continuous inspection of the lumen. A stricture-free anastomosis was
      documented in experimental animals by mating and scanning electron microscopic
      studies. The success of this procedure is attributed to precise placement of fine
      mucosal sutures, minimal fibrosis, and a fluid-tight anastomosis.

PMID- 376485
TI  - An electron microscopic study of the interaction between vesical epitherlium and
      E. Coli.
AB  - Interaction between rat bladder epithelium and Escherichia coli was observed
      using the transmission electron microscope. As a first step, the bacterial cell
      coat attaches to the cell coat of the luminal membrane. Then, the luminal
      membrane enfolds to envelope the bacterium and take it within the cytoplasm. The
      unit membranes covering the bacteria are destroyed and some of these bacteria are
      found to be deformed and probably dead in the cytoplasm. Finally, the superficial
      epithelial cells invaded by many bacteria are collapsed and desquamated into
      urine. However, these epithelia show a rather prompt recovery and form the normal
      three layers within 24 hr after inoculation. This experiment suggests one of the
      defense mechanisms of the vesical epithelium againts E. coli. It is likely that
      the onset of clinical cystitis may be prevented by the same mechanism during the
      occasional bacterial invasion of the bladder.

PMID- 376486
TI  - Edwin Hurry Fenwick (1856--1944).

PMID- 376488
TI  - [In memoriam Kalman Kiraly 1919-1978].

PMID- 376487
TI  - [In memoriam Stefan Wolfram 1901-1977].

PMID- 376489
TI  - Through the eyes of a child.

PMID- 376490
TI  - Drug legislation in India, U.S.A. and U.K.

PMID- 376491
TI  - Antibiotics literature index--a select bibliography.

PMID- 376492
TI  - Trends in the use of cesarean section: review of 15 years experience.

PMID- 376493
TI  - Gilbert's syndrome: report of a case and review of literature.

PMID- 376494
TI  - Orgotein in equine navicular disease: a double blind study.
AB  - Fourteen horses (7 treated with orgotein and 7 treated with a placebo) with
      navicular disease were studied on a double blind basis. All 14 horses had
      clinical and radiographic evidence of navicular disease. Orgotein and the placebo
      were administered by juxtabursal injection. Of the 7 orgotein-treated horses, 3
      responded but none of the 7 placebo-treated horses responded. The difference was
      statistically significant (P less than 0.05).

PMID- 376495
TI  - Carbohydrate metabolism in human pregnancy. (Part I). Feto-maternal homeostasis.

PMID- 376496
TI  - Carbohydrate metabolism in human pregnancy. (Part II). Hormonal influence on
      maternal carbohydrate metabolism. Foeto-placental and maternal polypeptide and
      steroid hormones.

PMID- 376497
TI  - Carbohydrate metabolism in human pregnancy. (Part III). Hormonal regulations:
      maternal peptide and polypeptide hormones.

PMID- 376498
TI  - Early onset of response to doxepin treatment.

PMID- 376499
TI  - Quantitative study on anomeric forms of glucose produced by alpha-glucosidases.
AB  - Anomeric forms of glucose produced from phenyl alpha-maltoside, maltose, or
      phenyl alpha-glucoside have been determined quantitatively by simultaneous
      measurements of optical rotation and reducing power, for eight kinds of glucose
      producing 1,4-alpha-glucosyl hydrolases, including glucose-forming amylase from
      human urine, and alpha-glucosidases from pig serum, honey bee, buckwheat seed,
      rice seed, sugar beet seed, flint corn seed, and brewer's yeast. All the eight
      enzymes studied were found to produce alpha-glucose exclusively.

PMID- 376500
TI  - Interaction of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase with negatively charged
      lecithin liposomes.
AB  - Several kinds of hydrophilic proteins were examined to determine their
      interaction with artificial liposomes. Mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase
      (m-GOT) [EC 2.6.1.1], as well as cytochrome c, was found to interact strongly
      with negatively charged liposomes. In each case, an appreciable amount of the
      protein bound to liposomes remained unreleased after raising the salt
      concentration in the medium. The m-GOT tightly bound to the liposomes was also
      found to become latent in its enzymatic activity, and could be reversibly
      activated by solubilization of the liposomes with detergent. This is also the
      case for cytochrome c, which ceases to be reducible by external reductant, such
      as dithionite. Furthermore, the tightly bound m-GOT was not susceptible to the
      proteolytic action of trypsin, or that of Nagarse. From these observations it can
      be inferred that these basic proteins interact with acidic liposomes not only
      electrostatically but also hydrophobically. This kind of hydrophobic interaction
      was not observed in the combination of positively charged liposomes and acidic
      proteins, including s-GOT. Mitochondrial GOT was shown to be bound to isolated
      intact mitochondrial, but the bound enzyme was fully active, in contrast to the
      case of acidic liposomes. The hydrophobic interaction of water-soluble protein
      with liposomes is discussed in connection with the penetration of matrix enzyme
      through mitochondrial membranes.

PMID- 376501
TI  - Studies on bacterial chemotaxis. II. Effect of cheB and cheZ mutations on the
      methylation of methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Radioactive proteins from chemotactic mutants of Escherichia coli with continuous
      tumbling phenotype (cheB and cheZ) and their otherwise isogenic parent were
      compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The system was capable of
      separating non-methylated methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein (MCP) from its
      methylated equivalent. The analysis of proteins from the envelope fraction of the
      bacteria showed that the cheB mutants contained a larger portion of methylated
      MCP than did the parent. However, the change of MCP methylation level was small,
      if any, in cheZ strains. The results suggest that the product of cheB gene and
      the product of cheZ gene are not functional complementary. The product of cheB
      gene functions in controlling the level of methylation at the stationary state of
      the organisms. In addition to known MCP species, a new MCP of about 43,000
      daltons was found. This MCP appears to be involved in transducing signals of some
      sugars.

PMID- 376502
TI  - Affinity chromatography of putrescine oxidase from Micrococcus rubens and
      spermidine dehydrogenase from Serratia marcescens.
AB  - Putrescine oxidase [EC 1.4.3.4], putrescine : oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
      (flavin-containing), from Micrococcus rubens and spermidine dehydrogenase from
      Serratia marcescens were adsorbed on amine-Sepharose 4B in which one of the
      terminal amino groups of diamine or triamine was covalently bound to Sepharose 4B
      leaving the other terminal amino group(s) free. The affinities of these enzymes
      for the amine-Sepharose 4B increased on increasing the chain length of the
      methylene groups in the immobilized amines and fell upon addition of the
      substrate. The affinity of putrescine oxidase modified with 1-ethyl-3-(3
      dimethylamino-propyl)-carbodiimide (EDC) was reduced in comparison with that of
      the native enzyme so far as 1,12-diaminododecane-Sepharose 4B was concerned. From
      these results, it can be concluded that the interactions between the enzyme and
      the amine-Sepharose result from specific affinities mediated through the active
      sites of the enzymes. It is suggested that spermidine dehydrogenase as well as
      putrescine oxidase has as anionic point and a hydrophobic region in the active
      site. On the basis of these results, the applicability of the enzyme affinities
      to purification procedures was examined. When partially purified enzymes were
      subjected to affinity chromatography, the following results were obtained.
      Putrescine oxidase gave a purification factor of 40-fold with about 100% recovery
      on a 1,12-diaminododecane-Sepharose column. In the case of spermidine
      dehydrogenase, the purification factor and recovery on a 1,8-diaminooctane
      Sepharose column were about 1,200-fold and 86%, respectively. By introducing
      affinity chromatography as a purification step, each enzyme could be purified
      more simply and with higher recovery.

PMID- 376503
TI  - Substrate binding characteristics of the active site of spermidine dehydrogenase
      from Serratia marcescens.
AB  - The substrate specificity of spermidine dehydrogenase from Serratia marcescens
      was studied using many kinds of naturally occurring and synthetic polyamines.
      Diamines inhibited the enzyme competitively and their inhibitor constants tended
      to decrease with increasing methylene chain length in the diamines. All of the
      triamines and tetramines examined were active as substrates, and the amines
      containing a 4-aminobutylimino moiety (NH2(CH2)4NH-) in their structures were
      more active. N-Alkylputrescine was also oxidized by the enzyme. All of the amines
      containing a 4-aminobutylimino group were oxidized to form 1-pyrroline
      stoichiometrically as one of the products. Tetramines containing a 3
      aminopropylimino group (NH2(CH2)3NH-) were oxidized to form 1,3-diaminopropane.
      However, in the case of an amine containing both 4-aminobutylimino and 3
      aminopropylimino groups, the imino moiety of the former was preferentially
      oxidized by the enzyme. On the basis of the substrate specificity, the binding
      characteristics of the enzyme are discussed and a subsite model for the binding
      site is proposed.

PMID- 376504
TI  - Studies on bacterial chemotaxis. III. Effect of methyl esters on the chemotactic
      response of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The methylation-demethylation reaction of methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein
      (MCP) is tightly coupled to the appearance of the chemotactic response in
      Escherichia coli. The bacteria might therefore show a unique response upon the
      addition of a compound containing a methyl group. We selected methyl N-methyl
      anthranilate (NMMA) and its analogs for examination. When NMMA was added to a
      suspension of E. coli (wild type), the bacteria tumbled as it does in the
      presence of a repellent. NMMA caused tumbling of wild-type bacteria for at least
      20 min, while a conventional repellent makes the bacteria tumble for at most one
      min. The effect of NMMA requires functional MCP, cheA gene product, cheB gene
      product, and possibly cheX gene product. A positive signal of NMMA (i.e. sudden
      dilution) was detected by cheZ mutants with much higher sensitivity than that of
      a conventional repellent, indole, while both signals were rather poorly but
      equally detected by cheB mutants. These results suggest that the drug is related
      to the function of cheB gene product, a possible demethylating enzyme of MCP.

PMID- 376505
TI  - Pseudouridylation of tRNAs and its role in regulation in Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 376506
TI  - Chemical modification of lactose repressor protein using N-substituted
      maleimides.
AB  - Lactose repressor protein has been modified with N-ethylmaleimide, two N
      maleimide spin labels, and an N-maleimide fluorophore. The reaction with
      repressor cysteine residues has been characterized. Approximately 2 of the 3 eq
      of cysteine/repressor monomer are reactive toward these reagents. Repressor
      cysteines are reactive toward these reagents in the order cysteine 140 greater
      than or equal to cysteine 107 greater than cysteine 281. The reaction is
      sulfhydryl-specific. Comparison of chemical modification data obtained in this
      laboratory using a variety of sulfhydryl-specific reagents has been used to
      assess chemical features of individual cysteine environments. Effects of the
      maleimide reagents on biological activity have been determined. Only the
      fluorophore N-(3-pyrene)maleimide has significant effect; this agent selectively
      perturbs repressor's ability to bind to operator DNA. This result suggests that
      regions of protein structure surrounding 1 or more of the cysteine residues
      possess determinants required for normal operator DNA binding.

PMID- 376507
TI  - Active and inactive forms of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in
      the liver of the rat. Comparison with the rate of cholesterol synthesis in
      different physiological states.

PMID- 376509
TI  - Role of the spoT gene product and manganese ion in the metabolism of guanosine 5'
      diphosphate 3'-diphosphate in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Addition of divalent ion chelating agents picolinic acid, 1,10-phenanthroline, or
      quinoline-2-carboxylic acid to wild type, relA, or relX, but not spoT strains of
      Escherichia coli increases the levels of guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate
      (ppGpp). Poorly chelating analogs of these agents and a larger and more highly
      charged chelating agent, ethylene glycol bis(beta-amino-ethyl ether) N,N,N',N'
      tetraacetic acid are ineffective. Mn2+ reverses the increase in ppGpp. The
      increase in ppGpp in wild type cells can be explained by an inhibition of
      degradation. In spoT cells the response is more complex; ppGpp does not increase
      although degradation is completely inhibited. The lack of increase in spoT cells
      suggests a role for spoT in synthesis of ppGpp in addition to its known role in
      degradation. Growth of both spoT+ and spoT cells is inhibited following chelator
      addition. This suggests that growth inhibition is through a mechanism not
      directly involving ppGpp. The results of this study provide evidence in intact
      cells for a role for Mn2+ and the spoT gene product in ppGpp degradation, and
      provide further evidence for an involvement of spoT and possibly divalent ions in
      ppGpp synthesis.

PMID- 376508
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a gene coding for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
      dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A yeast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene has been isolated from a
      collection of Escherichia coli transformants containing randomly sheared segments
      of yeast genomic DNA. Complementary DNA, synthesized from partially purified
      glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase messenger RNA, was used as a
      hybridization probe for cloning this gene. The isolated hybrid plasmid DNA has
      been mapped with restriction endonucleases and the location of the glyceraldehyde
      3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene within the cloned segment of yeast DNA has been
      established. There are approximately 4.5 kilobase pairs of DNA sequence flanking
      either side of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene in the cloned
      segment of yeast DNA. The isolated hybrid plasmid DNA has been used to
      selectively hybridize glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase messenger RNA from
      unfractionated yeast poly(adenylic acid)-containing messenger RNA. The nucleotide
      sequence of a portion of the isolated hybrid plasmid DNA has been determined.
      This nucleotide sequence encodes 29 amino acids which are at the COOH terminus of
      the known amino acid sequence of yeast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

PMID- 376510
TI  - Construction and mapping of recombinant plasmids used for the preparation of DNA
      fragments containing the Escherichia coli lactose operator and promoter.
AB  - Three DNA restriction fragments of established sequence containing the
      Escherichia coli lac genetic controlling regions were cloned. In each case a
      recombinant plasmid was constructed which was suitable for the subsequent large
      scale purification of the lac fragment. A 789-base pair HindII fragment,
      containing the lac operator, promoter, and cyclic AMP receptor protein binding
      site, was ligated into the single HindII site of the amplifiable plasmid
      minicolicin E1 DNA (pVH51). A 203-base pair Hae III fragment containing the same
      genetic sites was ligated into the single Eco RI site of pVH51 which had been
      "filled in" by the Micrococcus luteus DNA polymerase. Thus, the lac fragment was
      inserted between two Eco RI sites. Plasmids containing multiple copies of this
      Eco RI fragment were then constructed. A 95-base pair Alu I fragment containing
      the lac promoter and operator was cloned similarly. Also, the 203-base pair
      fragment was cloned into the Eco RI site of pVH51 using a 300-base pair linker
      fragment (isolated by RPC-5 column chromatography) which permitted retention of
      its Hae III ends. Mapping studies on pVH51 DNA with a number of DNA restriction
      endonucleases, including Alu I, Taq I, and Hpa II, are described.

PMID- 376511
TI  - Factors influencing fractionation of DNA restriction fragments by RPC-5 column
      chromatography.

PMID- 376512
TI  - Identification of regions of pRZ2 which have delayed elution behavior on RPC-5
      column chromatography.
AB  - DNA restriction fragments generally elute from RPC-5 in order of their size.
      However, some fragments elute later than predicted. Chromatographic studies were
      performed on five different restriction digests (Hae III, Hha I, Alu I, Taq I,
      and Hae III + HindII) of pRZ2 DNA in an effort to localize the regions which have
      the delayed properties. Also, the magnitude of the delay was quantitated in each
      case. Most of the delayed fragments were localized in one major (931 bp) and one
      minor (approximately 210 bp) region of the genome. The fragments exhibiting a
      greater extent of delay were in the major region. The results described herein
      and in the following paper show that, in most cases, this effect can be explained
      by the base composition, or sequence of the fragments, or both.

PMID- 376513
TI  - Influence of A-T content on the fractionation of DNA restriction fragments by RPC
      5 column chromatography.
AB  - The properties of the fractionated Hae III fragments of pRZ2 DNA (Patient, R.K.,
      Hardies, S.C., and Wells, R.D. (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 5542-5547) were studied
      in an effort to determine why several of the fragments bind more tightly to RPC-5
      than expected on the basis of their length. The purified fragments were analyzed
      for their nucleotide composition by direct determination of their constituent
      mononucleotides and by analytical CsCl and Cs2SO4 density gradient analyses. A-T
      rich fragments elute at higher salt concentrations than fragments of equivalent
      size which are not A-T-rich. In addition, denaturation mapping studies by
      electron microscopy indicate that an A-T-rich run within an otherwise G-C-rich
      fragment can give rise to delayed elution. At least one other factor influences
      the separation of DNA restriction fragments by RPC-5 chromatography. Some of the
      fragments in this digest which elute later than predicted from their size either
      contain known genetic regulatory sites or bind regulatory proteins.

PMID- 376514
TI  - Cloning and localization of the in vitro functional origin of replication of
      bacteriophage T7 DNA.

PMID- 376515
TI  - In vivo transcription of rRNA operons in Escherichia coli initiates with purine
      nucleoside triphosphates at the first promoter and with CTP at the second
      promoter.
AB  - 32P-labeled RNA was isolated from growing Escherichia coli and the 5' end
      nucleoside triphosphates of rRNA were analyzed after hybridization to various DNA
      fragments derived from one of the rRNA operons, rrnE. The results show that there
      are two transcription start sites for each rRNA operon in vivo, one initiating
      with ATP (or GTP), and the second initiating with CTP. Transcription from the
      first site was observed to be stronger than that from the second site. These two
      sites correspond to the two promoters identified in the previous in vitro
      studies, indicating that the two promoters are used in vivo. These results also
      demonstrate previously unrecognized transcription initiation with CTP in growing
      E. coli cells.

PMID- 376516
TI  - A noncycling activity assay for the omega subunit of Escherichia coli RNA
      polymerase.
AB  - We describe a new method for quantitatively assaying the omega subunit of
      Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. The assay is based on the ability of RNA
      polymerase holoenzyme to catalyze the continuous synthesis of the dinucleotide
      pApU on a poly[d(A-T)] . poly[d(A-T)] template when supplied with AMP and UTP as
      substrates. Core enzyme, lacking omega subunit, catalyzed this reaction at a rate
      less than 1% that of holoenzyme. The omega subunit was not released from the
      enzyme/DNA complex during dinucleotide synthesis. Using this assay, a titration
      of a fixed concentration of core enzyme was observed with increasing
      concentrations of added omega subunit. Below a 1:1 omega:core ratio the measured
      activity increased linearly with omega concentration, whereas above a 1:1 ratio
      the activity remained constant. An immediate application of the assay is in
      determining the concentration of active omega, or equivalently of active
      holoenzyme, in any RNA polymerase preparation.

PMID- 376517
TI  - On the fidelity of DNA replication. Effect of divalent metal ion activators and
      deoxyrionucleoside triphosphate pools on in vitro mutagenesis.

PMID- 376518
TI  - Total synthesis of a tyrosine suppressor transfer RNA gene. XIV. Chemical
      synthesis of oligonucleotide segments corresponding to the terminal regions.
AB  - Chemical syntheses of the two dodecanucleotides d(T-C-A-A-C-G-T-A-A-C-A-C) and
      d(A-C-G-T-T-G-A-G-A-A-A-G), the two undecanucleotides d(T-T-T-A-C-A-G-C-G-G-C)
      and d(T-G-T-A-A-A-G-T-G-T-T), the decanucleotide d(A-G-T-C-C-G-A-A-A-G), and the
      nonanucleotide d(A-A-T-T-C-T-T-T-C) are described. These deoxyribo
      oligonucleotide segments, excluding the decanucleotide, represent the DNA duplex
      corresponding to the previously determined nucleotide sequence -30 to -51 of the
      promoter region of the gene for the tyrosine suppressor tRNA (Sekiya, T., Gait,
      M.J., Norris, K., Ramamoorthy, B., and Khorana, H.G. (1976) J. Biol. Chem. 251,
      4481-4489) and include the EcoRI restriction endonuclease sequence at the
      appropriate 5'-end. The nona- and decanucleotide along with the previously
      synthesized deoxyribo-oligonucleotide segments 25 to 27 (Ramamoorthy, B., Lees,
      R.G., Kleid, D., and Khorana, H.G. (1976) J. Biol. Chem. 251, 676-694) together
      represent the DNA duplex corresponding to the natural nucleotide sequence 121 to
      142 of the region adjoining the C-C-A end of the tyrosine tRNA gene and, in
      addition, a run of nine nucleotides which include the EcoRI restriction enzyme
      sequence at the 5'-end. The syntheses used protected mono- and oligonucleotides
      and stepwise condensation methods. A noteworthy feature of the present syntheses
      was the use of reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography for the rapid
      and efficient separation of synthetic reaction mixtures.

PMID- 376519
TI  - Total synthesis of a tyrosine suppressor tRNA gene. XV. Synthesis of the promoter
      region.
AB  - By use of polynucleotide kinase and polynucleotide ligase, the 10
      deoxyoligonucleotide segments, whose syntheses have been described in
      accompanying papers, have been joined to form the 62-nucleotide-long DNA
      corresponding to the promoter region of an Escherichia coli suppressor tRNA gene.
      The following sequence in the joining reactions was used to obtain error-free and
      optimal yields of the products: 1) joining of Segment P-1 to P-3 in the presence
      of Segment P-2; 2) joining of Segments P-4 to P-7 to form Duplex [P4-7]; 3)
      joining of Segments P-8 to P-10 to Duplex [P4-7] to form Duplex [P4-10]; and
      finally, 4) joining of P-(1 + 3) and P-2 to Duplex [P4-10] to form the total
      promoter Duplex [P].

PMID- 376521
TI  - The structure of lipopolysaccharide from a heptose-less mutant of Escherichia
      coli K-12. II. The application of 31P NMR spectroscopy.

PMID- 376520
TI  - Total synthesis of a tyrosine suppressor tRNA gene. XVIII. Biological activity
      and transcription, in vitro, of the cloned gene.
AB  - The chemically synthesized gene for Escherichia coli tyrosine suppressor tRNA has
      been joined to both plasmid (ColE1 ampr) and bacteriophage (Charon 3A) vector
      chromosomes after the latter had been digested with the restriction endonuclease
      EcoRI. Suppression of both bacterial (trpA, his, lacZ) and bacteriophage lambda
      amber mutations (Aam32, Bam1) has been demonstrated after transformation of E.
      coli with the recombinant DNA molecules carrying the synthetic suppressor tRNA
      gene. The cloned synthetic gene has been reisolated from the vector chromosomes
      after digestion of the latter with EcoRI restriction endonuclease and
      characterized in regard to its size and its ability to serve as a source of
      suppressor activity in further transformation experiments. This synthetic gene
      has also been shown to suppress bacterial amber mutations after it had been
      incorporated into the E. coli chromosome as part of a lambda prophage.
      Transcription, in vitro, of the cloned synthetic suppressor gene gave a product
      which, on treatment with a crude E. coli extract, afforded the tyrosine
      suppressor tRNA precursor. The latter was characterized by two-dimensional
      fingerprinting after digestion with T1-RNase. Exposure of the in vitro transcript
      to RNase P Selectively released the 41-nucleotide-long fragment characteristic of
      the 5'-end of the tRNA precursor. Thus, the nucleotide sequence of the cloned
      gene is accurate and its expression is controlled by its promoter.

PMID- 376522
TI  - Purification of hog liver isomerase. Mechanism of isomerization of 3-alkenyl and
      3-alkynyl thioesters.
AB  - A hog liver enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of 3-acetylenic fatty
      acyl thioester to (+)-2,3-dienoyl fatty acyl thioester has been purified to
      homogeneity. The enzyme is not inhibited by the allenic product that it
      generates. The same homogenous enzyme catalyzes the conversions of 3-cis- or 3
      trans-acyl Coenzyme A derivatives to 2-trans-acyl-CoA derivatives. Four forms of
      the isomerase differing in charge (pI = 6.57, 6.83, 7.01, and 7.27) have been
      separated by isoelectric focusing. Ultracentrifugation and sodium dodecyl sulfate
      gel electrophoresis indicate that each of these enzyme forms is dimeric and
      composed of two 45,000-dalton subunits. With 3-acetylenic substrates, all enzyme
      forms exhibit broad specificity for chain length (C6 to C12) and for the
      thioester moiety (N-acetylcysteamine (NAC), pantetheine, or CoA). The 3-cis and 3
      trans olefinic substrates are active only in the form of their coenzyme A
      derivatives; their NAC thioesters inhibit competitively. Mechanistic studies
      favor an isomerization pathway by way of carbanion intermediates. The acetylene
      allene isomerase described here and the reported crotonase-catalyzed hydration of
      allenic thioesters (Branchini, B.R., Miesowicz, F.M., and Bloch, K. (1977)
      Bioorg. Chem. 6, 49-52) may be responsible for the degradation of naturally
      occurring acetylenic and allenic acids.

PMID- 376523
TI  - The structure of lipopolysaccharide from an Escherichia coli heptose-less mutant.
      III. Two fatty acyl amidases from Dictyostelium discoideum and their action on
      lipopolysaccharide derivatives.
AB  - Two fatty acyl amidases have been partially purified from the slime mold,
      Dictyostelium discoideum. Their action on lipopolysaccharide derivatives,
      especially Compound I, has been studied. Amidase I removes specifically the beta
      hydroxymyristyl group, which is present on the amino group adjacent to the C-1
      phosphate. The product, Compound V, is then a substrate for Amidase II, which
      removes the remaining beta-hydroxymyristyl group from the amino group in the
      distal glucosamine ring to give Compound VI. Compound I itself is resistant to
      Amidase II. Thus, the two enzymes show a high degree of structural specificity.
      The structure of lipopolysaccharide from the E. coli K-12 mutant is concluded in
      the light of studies reported in this and the accompanying papers, and this
      structure is discussed in relation to other bacterial lipopolysaccharides.

PMID- 376524
TI  - DNA replication with bacteriophage T4 proteins. Purification of the proteins
      encoded by T4 genes 41, 45, 44, and 62 using a complementation assay.
AB  - The proteins encoded by bacteriophage T4 genes 41, 45, 44, and 62 are known from
      the genetic studies of Epstein et al. ((1963) Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant.
      Biol. 28, 375--394) to be required for viral DNA synthesis. A convenient assay
      for each of these proteins is described which is based on the specific
      stimulation by each protein of DNA synthesis in extracts of Escherichia coli
      infected with mutants of bacteriophage T4 unable to make that protein. The T4 41
      protein, 45 protein, and the complex of the 44 and 62 proteins have been highly
      purified. For each protein there is co-chromatography during the final
      purification step of (i) activity in the complementation assay, (ii) activity
      required for DNA synthesis with other purified T4 proteins, and (iii) a subunit
      of the size previously identified as that of the corresponding gene product.

PMID- 376525
TI  - DNA replication by bacteriophage T4 proteins. The T4 43, 32, 44--62, And 45
      proteins are required for strand displacement synthesis at nicks in duplex DNA.
AB  - The T4 bacteriophage gene 43 (T4 DNA polymerase), 32 (DNA helix-destabilizing
      protein), and 45 proteins and the complex of the gene 44 and 62 proteins are all
      required for DNA synthesis beginning at single-stranded breaks in duplex DNA.
      This synthesis occurs by strand displacement and is not dependent on
      ribonucleotides, the T4 gene 41 protein, or the T4 initiating protein, each of
      which is required to begin new chains on single-stranded templates. Electron
      microscopic analysis shows that duplex molecules with long single-stranded
      branches are the predominant products of this strand displacement synthesis.

PMID- 376526
TI  - Conformational states of aspartate transcarbamoylase stabilized with a cross
      linking reagent.

PMID- 376527
TI  - The isolation and partial characterization of recombinant DNA containing genomic
      globin sequences from the goat.

PMID- 376528
TI  - R plasmid dihydrofolate reductase with subunit structure.
AB  - Dihydrofolate reductase, specified by the type II plasmid of a trimethoprim
      resistant Escherichia coli, was purified 40-fold to homogeneity using a
      combination of gel filtration, DEAE-Sephacel chromatography, and hydrophobic
      chromatography. The final product shows a single protein band on polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis and has a specific activity of 1.0 unit/mg. The molecular
      weight of the purified enzyme is 36,000 as determined both by gel filtration and
      Ferguson analysis of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In contrast, a single
      polypeptide with a molecular weight of 8,500 was observed on sodium dodecyl
      sulfate-gel electrophoresis. These experiments suggest that, unlike any bacteria
      or vertebrate dihydrofolate reductase previously examined, the type II R plasmid
      reductase is a tetramer composed of four identical subunits. A partial amino acid
      sequence determination shows no heterogeneity of the subunits and also no clear
      homology with any reductase sequence previously reported.

PMID- 376529
TI  - Biosynthesis of hyaluronic acid by Streptococcus.
AB  - Synthesis of hyaluronic acid was investigated in a cell-free system derived from
      a strain of Group A streptococci. Preparative procedures were improved so that an
      enzyme system 70 times more active than that previously reported was obtained.
      The hyaluronic acid synthesized could be separated into trichloroacetic acid
      soluble and -insoluble fractions. On the basis of pulse-chase experiments, it was
      shown that the trichloroacetic acid-insoluble fraction is a precursor of the
      soluble fraction. The release of the trichloroacetic acid-insoluble hyaluronic
      acid is specifically blocked with p-chloromercuribenzoate, without inhibition of
      chain elongation. The addition of butanol to trichloroacetic acid resulted in
      solubilization of all of the hyaluronic acid. No detectable difference in
      molecular size was observed between the two hyaluronic acid fractions, both of
      which were estimated to be more than one million daltons in size. Testicular
      hyaluronidase digestion of either one of the two types of hyaluronic acid yielded
      no high molecular weight fragments, indicating that hyaluronic acid is not bound
      covalently to protein. However, following incubation of enzyme assay mixtures
      with UDP-[14C]GlcUA, even in the absence of UDP-GlcNAc, radioactive high
      molecular weight hyaluronic acid was obtained which suggests that the enzyme
      system elongates rather than initiates hyaluronic acid chains. Tunicamycin did
      not inhibit hyaluronic acid synthesis, indicating lack of participation of an
      intermediate of pyrophosphorylpolyisoprenol type. The results obtained are
      consistent with the hypothesis that chain elongation of hyaluronic acid proceeds
      by alternate addition of monosaccharides from UDP-sugars by a membrane-bound
      synthesizing system followed by release of completed hyaluronic acid chains.

PMID- 376530
TI  - Effect of anthraquinone dyes and evaluation of the kinetic mechanism of yeast
      phosphoglycerate kinase.
AB  - Cibacron Blue 3G-A (CB3G-A, I) was investigated as a ternary complex analogue of
      lactate dehydrogenase and phosphoglycerate kinase as had been suggested earlier
      (Stellwagen, E. (1977) Accts. Chem. Res. 10, 92-98). CB3G-A and Procion Brilliant
      Blue (PBB, II), a structural isomer of the Cibacron dye without the sulfonated
      benzoyl moiety, were attached covalently to Sepharose CL-6B. The two enzymes were
      adsorbed to the columns and then eluted by substrates in various combinations.
      CB3G-A and PBB interact similarly with the two enzymes in spite of the structural
      differences between the dyes indicating that the specific structure of CB3G-A is
      not a ternary complex analogue. Inhibition studies of phosphoglycerate kinase by
      CB3G-A suggest that 2 molecules of dye bind per monomer and are consistent with
      multiple substrate binding sites. It is suggested that the kinetic mechanism of
      phosphoglycerate kinase is best described as steady state random.

PMID- 376531
TI  - Synthesis of a peptide form of N-delta-(phosphonoacetyl)-L-ornithine. Its
      antibacterial effect through the specific inhibition of Escherichia coli L
      ornithine carbamoyltransferase.
AB  - N-delta-(Phosphonoacetyl)-L-ornithine is a potent inhibitor of the Escherichia
      coli L-ornithine carbamoyltransferase (Ki = 0.77 microM, pH 8.0, 37 degrees C).
      Nevertheless, the analog does not cross the bacterial membrane. Therefore we have
      designed a tripeptide, glycylglycyl-N-delta-(phosphonoacetyl)-L-ornithine, to
      take advantage of the broad specificity of the oligopeptide permease system of
      the bacterium. A lag effect, related to the tripeptide concentration, was
      observed in the growth of the wild type P4X strain. At high concentration
      (greater than or equal to 0.75 mM) the peptide appears to be bacteriostatic and
      the cells which escape this action were characterized gentically as mutants
      devoid of the oligopeptide transport system. It was shown that the in vivo
      cellular target of the toxic tripeptide is solely restricted to L-ornithine
      carbamoyl-transferase and that the tripeptide is probably split in the cell to
      permit an effective inhibition by N-delta-(phosphonoacetyl)-L-ornithine.
      Resistance of the wild type cells to moderate levels (less than 0.75 mM) of the
      phosphonic analog is accompanied by a derepression of the L-ornithine
      carbamoyltransferase activity. The P4XB2 strain, which is an arg R regulatory
      mutant, has a reduced lag effect in the presence of the tripeptide and appears to
      react to the intoxication by a further adjustment of the L-ornithine
      carbamoyltransferase cellular level.

PMID- 376532
TI  - Relative efficiency of anticodons in reading the valine codons during protein
      synthesis in vitro.
AB  - Using a protein synthesizing in vitro system programmed with MS 2-RNA, the
      relative efficiency (in the presence of each other) of valine tRNAs with the
      anticodons U*AC (U* represents 5-oxyacetic acid uridine monophosphate), GAC, and
      IAC to read the valine codons was investigated. An anticodon which can read all
      three positions of the codon according to the rules of Watson-Crick base-pairing
      and the wobble hypothesis is an order of magnitude more efficient than an
      anticodon which misreads the codon by reading only the first two positions and
      presumably disregards the third nucleotide of the codon. There are two seeming
      exceptions to this behavior: the anticodon U*AC reads the codon GUU quite
      efficiently and IAC is as effective as U*AC in reading the codon GUG. The
      significance of these exceptions is evaluated with respect to the organization
      and evolution of the genetic code.

PMID- 376533
TI  - A fluorescent derivative of ribosomal protein S18 which permits direct
      observation of messenger RNA binding.
AB  - 70 S Escherichia coli ribosomes were reacted with the fluorescent dye N
      (iodoacetylaminoethyl)-5-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid for 10 min under mild
      conditions. The resulting ribosomes were fully active. 30 S subunits isolated
      from these particles were also fully active. They contain approximately 0.7 eq of
      fluorescent dye. Nearly all of it is attached to protein S18. Competitive
      reaction with N-ethylmaleimide implies that the fluorescent dye is located at
      cysteine 10 of the protein. The labeled 30 S particles will recombine with 50 S
      subunits to form stable 70 S particles. Thus the procedures we have developed
      allow the large scale preparation of an active fluorescent conjugate of the 70 S
      ribosome. The fluorescence of the 70 S particles is sensitive to the binding of
      mRNA, showing both quenching and a shift in emission spectra. Thus it affords a
      simple way to quantitate mRNA binding directly. In pilot studies without tRNA,
      the binding constant of the initiation triplet codon adenylyl-(3' leads to 5')
      uridylyl-(3' leads to 5')-guanosine to 70 S ribosome was found to be an order of
      magnitude larger than that of polyuridylic acid.

PMID- 376534
TI  - Purification of the gene 43, 44, 45, and 62 proteins of the bacteriophage T4 DNA
      replication apparatus.
AB  - A procedure has been developed which allows the T4 bacteriophage proteins
      corresponding to the products of genes 43, 44, 45, and 62 to be purified to near
      homogeneity from a single T4-infected cell lysate (greater than 90% single
      species as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide elctrophoresis). In
      these preparations, the major problem of removing all contaminating nucleases has
      been overcome. Each of the above proteins is known from genetic analysis to be
      essential for phage DNA replication. The protein product of gene 43 is T4 DNA
      polymerase, and its recovery can be monitored using a standard DNA polymerase
      assay. The other three gene products have been designated as "polymerase
      accessory proteins," since they directly enhance polymerase function on both
      single- and double-stranded DNA templates. Their activities were monitored by an
      "in vitro complementation assay," which measures the stimulation of DNA synthesis
      observed in a concentrated lysate of T4 mutant-infected Escherichia coli cells
      when the missing T4 wild type protein is added. Starting from 300 g of infected
      cell paste, we obtained 9.3 mg of gene 43 protein, 21 mg of gene 45 protein, and
      70 mg of a tight complex made up of 44 and 62 proteins; final yields were
      estimated at 30%, 14%, and 28%, respectively, of the initial activity present in
      the lysate. When the above purified proteins are incubated with preparations of
      two other T4 DNA replication proteins (gene 41 and gene 32 proteins) plus
      deoxyribonucleoside and ribonucleoside triphosphates, extensive DNA synthesis
      occurs on both single- and double-stranded DNA templates. As reported elsewhere,
      this synthesis mimicks that catalyzed by the T4 DNA replication apparatus in
      vivo.

PMID- 376535
TI  - Purification of gene 41 protein of bacteriophage T4.
AB  - The T4 bacteriophage gene 41 protein is known from genetic analysis to be
      essential for phage DNA replication in vivo. It became possible to monitor the
      activity of this protein during purification after development of an "in vitro
      complementation assay," which measures its stimulation of DNA synthesis in a
      concentrated crude lysate prepared from Escherichia coli cells infected with a T4
      bacteriophage mutant in gene 41 (L. Moran and B. Alberts, manuscript in
      preparation). In this report, a purification procedure involving three
      chromatographic steps is described which reproducibly yields a 90% homogeneous
      preparation of this rather unstable protein. The major polypeptide chain present
      (58,000 daltons) is shown to cosediment with a DNA-dependent GTPase (and ATPase)
      activity, and to induce extensive in vitro DNA synthesis on both single- and
      double-stranded DNA templates when incubated with our preparations of five other
      purified T4 DNA replication proteins (plus deoxyribonucleoside and ribonucleoside
      triphosphates).

PMID- 376536
TI  - The biological photographic association, its half century.

PMID- 376537
TI  - The prevention of myocardial ischaemia by the method of profound selective
      myocardial hypothermia during open heart surgery.
AB  - A new method of myocardial protection, profound selective myocardial hypothermia
      has been employed in order to avoid the effects of cardiac ischaemia during
      aortic cross clamping in the course of operations undertaken under extracorporeal
      circulation. It consists of the irrigation of the aortic root immediately after
      cross clamping with 4 liters of Ringer Lactate at 4 degrees C which perfuses the
      entire coronary bed and induces complete uniform profound coling of the
      intrapericardial mass to a temperature of approximately 10 degrees C with
      resultant flat electrocardiogram and cessation of all electrical activity of the
      myocardium. This inactivity remains complete until the aorta is unclamped
      permitting reoxygenation and rewarming of the heart with resumption of its
      function. This method has been used in the course of 250 cardiac procedures
      involving the use of extracorporal circulation including 177 valve replacements,
      either aortic or mitral and aortic, 54 saphenous vein bypass procedures, either
      simple or with valve replacement and 19 other assorted procedures including
      cardiac transplantation and complex congenital malformations. Thermal,
      electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, histologic, histochemical and enzymatic
      observations have proven the minimal significance of the ischemic lesions
      produced in hearts protected in this manner. The total mortality was 6.4% which
      proves the value of this method and its superiority over the 2 techniques most
      often used at the present time, coronary perfusion or topical myocardial
      hypothermia according to Shumway's method.

PMID- 376538
TI  - A century of case-control studies: progress?

PMID- 376539
TI  - Changes in the natural history of bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 376540
TI  - Activation of human inactive ("pro-") renin by cathepsin D and pepsin.
AB  - Inactive human renin is found in amniotic fluid, plasma, and kidney and may be a
      renin precursor ("prorenin"). The mechanism of activation of inactive renin in
      vivo is not known. The present study examined the hypothesis that cathepsin D, a
      lysosomal pepsin-like endopeptidase may be capable of eliciting activation.
      Cathepsin D was incubated with inactive renin in human amniotic fluid at pH 4.8
      and 22 C for 0-5 h. Marked activation occurred and the reaction displayed first
      order kinetics with respect to the concentration of cathepsin D. The initial
      velocity of conversion of inactive renin to active renin by cathepsin D was
      0.007%/min/microgram cathepsin D. Under identical conditions, the initial
      velocity of conversion by pepsin was 0.18%/min/microgram pepsin. The 25-fold
      higher potency of pepsin compared with cathepsin D is in accordance with the
      recognized relative substrate affinities and catalytic efficiencies of the two
      enzymes. Inactive renin in human amniotic fluid seems to be similar to that found
      in human kidney and since cathepsin D is present in juxtaglomerular cells, this
      activation process may have physiological importance.

PMID- 376541
TI  - Differential responsiveness to LRF after estrogen therapy in women with
      hypothalamic amenorrhea.

PMID- 376542
TI  - The mechanism of ovulation inhibition by triamcinolone acetonide.
AB  - A single dose of 25 mg triamcinolone acetonide, when given on day 1 or 2 of the
      menstrual cycle, inhibits ovulation. To examine the mechanism of this action,
      daily determinations of plasm FSH, LH, estrone plus estradiol (E1 + E2), and
      progestins were performed. Some subjects also received a single dose of LH-RH or
      hCG on cycle day 15 or clomiphene citrate on days 5-9. Triamcinolone acetonide
      itself caused variable suppression of plasma estrogens, loss of the mid-cycle
      gonadotropin surge, and a deficient or absent rise in plasma progestins. Impaired
      secretion of estrogen did not seem to be due to low gonadotropin levels. FSH and
      LH responses to LH-RH were adequate in relation to prevailing estrogen levels.
      Four of six women treated with clomiphene responded with plasma progestin levels
      which exceed 8 ng/ml. Triamcinolone acetonide seems to affect the hypothalamic
      pituitary-ovarian axis mainly by hypothalamic suppression and possibly by a
      direct effect on the ovary as well.

PMID- 376543
TI  - Gonadotropin insufficiency in patients with thalassemia major.
AB  - To elucidate whether the cause of sexual maturational arrest in thalassemia major
      is of hypothalamic or pituitary etiology, three female and two male patients were
      extensively studied. After the iv administration of 150 micrograms gonadotropin
      releasing hormone (GnRH) and 500 micrograms of TRH, all patients demonstrated a
      minimal LH and no FSH response, with variable PRL and TSH responses. The test was
      repeated after the patients received 100 micrograms GnRH im daily for 7 days. The
      LH, FSH, PRL, and TSH responses were similar to those obtained previously. The
      female patients were then retested twice, after priming with 17 beta-estradiol (2
      mg daily for 7 days) and again after treatment with human menopausal
      gonadotropins. The male patients were treated with hCG and, after testosterone
      reached normal adult male values, the GnRH-TRH stimulation test was repeated. In
      both the female and male patients, the pituitary responses remained unchanged.
      These results demonstrate the presence of primary gonadotropin insufficiency as
      well as the lack of positive estrogen feedback mechanism in patients with
      thalassemia major. The site of this abnormality has been demonstrated to be the
      pituitary gland, since hemosiderosis of the pituitary without hypothalamic
      involvement has been found at autopsy in one patient.

PMID- 376544
TI  - Unusual prolactin response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in some
      anovulatory women.
AB  - We studied PRL, FSH, and LH response to LRH in 82 anovulatory and 4 normally
      ovulating women. Ten anovulatory patients who were basally hyperprolactinemic
      showed no significant change in PRL concentration after LRH. Of the remaining 72
      anovulatory patients with basal PRL levels in the normal range, 59 showed no PRL
      modification after LRH (as in normals) whereas in 13 patients, a prompt and
      significant rise of PRL concentration above basal levels in response to LRH was
      observed. In these 13 patients, the basal PRL levels were significantly higher
      than those of the other 59 normoprolactinemic women. No significant differences
      in gonadotropin concentrations were detected among the three groups. The unusual
      rise in PRL levels after LRH in these 13 patients can be interpreted as a
      paradoxical response of the pituitary to a specific stimulus, as seen in other
      clinical conditions. It is suggested that this phasic hyperprolactinemia might
      represent an intermediate phase between true normoprolactinemia and chronic
      hyperprolactinemia.

PMID- 376545
TI  - The functional relationship between priming and releasing actions of luteinizing
      hormone-releasing hormone.
AB  - To examine the relationship between the priming and releasing actions of LRF on
      LH secretion, 14 normal cycling women received 4 different rates of LRF infusion
      (0.005, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 microgram/m2.min for 4 h). The releasing action of
      the infusion was measured as the area under the curve and the priming effect was
      assessed by the acute LH increment in response to a test pulse of LRF (10
      microgram) at the end of infusion. At the lower 2 infusion rates, there were only
      minor changes in releasing function, but it increased exponentially (r = 0.986)
      with higher rates of infusion. In contrast, the priming effect of the lower 2
      doses of infusion increased markedly as a function of infusion rate, but no
      additional priming was found with the higher rates of infusion. Thus, over the
      range of infusion rates employed, the releasing and priming functions of LRF
      appear to be dose dependent. These results indicate that the interdependent
      releasing and priming actions of LRF on LH secretion are functionally dissociable
      and that large elevations of LRF tend to favor release, while small LRF
      increments seem to promote priming preferentially.

PMID- 376546
TI  - Bonding. Part 2.. Interview by Sidney Brandt.

PMID- 376548
TI  - Inhibition of prostacyclin by treatment of endothelium with aspirin. Correlation
      with platelet adherence.
AB  - Aspirin treatment of cultured endothelial cells from the umbilical vein increased
      the adherence of 51Cr-platelets when thrombin was present. If the cyclooxygenase
      activity of endothelium was inhibited by aspirin, as it is in the platelet,
      reduction of endogenous prostacyclin (PGI2) production could have been
      responsible. By correlating thrombin-induced adherence of platelets to
      endothelial monolayers with PGI2 release (as measured by radioimmunoassay for 6
      keto-prostaglandin FI1 alpha [6-keto-PGF1 alpha]), we have demonstrated an
      inverse relationship between platelet adherence and PGI2 levels. Untreated
      endothelial monolayers exposed to thrombin and platelets resulted in 4% platelet
      adherence and 107 nM 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. With 0.1 mM aspirin treatment, which is
      known to block platelet cyclooxygenase, adherence was 5% and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha
      decreased to 45 nM. Increasing the aspirin concentration to 1 mM resulted in 44%
      adherence and less than 3 nM 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. When 25 nM exogenous PGI2 was
      added to 1 mM aspirin-treated endothelium, adherence returned to 5%. The increase
      in thrombin-induced platelet adherence to 1 mM aspirin-treated monolayers was
      reversed 2 h after removal of the aspirin solution. 6-Keto-PGF1 alpha returned to
      37% of the untreated monolayer value. Recovery from the aspirin effect did not
      occur when cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, was present during
      the 2-h period.

PMID- 376547
TI  - Shortening of the bleeding time in rabbits by hydrocortisone caused by inhibition
      of prostacyclin generation by the vessel wall.
AB  - The effect of hydrocortisone on thrombocytopenic bleeding has been studied in
      rabbits using a jugular vein bleeding-time technique and a microvascular bleeding
      time technique. An inverse relationship was found between the bleeding time and
      platelet count with both techniques in rabbits made thrombocytopenic by either X
      irradiation or injection of heterologous platelet antiserum. Hydrocortisone
      shortened both bleeding times in thrombocytopenic animals when given in single
      large doses intravenously (25-100 mg/kg), in daily doses (6 mg/kg)
      intramuscularly, and shortened the jugular bleeding time when applied to the
      outside of the jugular vein or instilled intraluminally into the vein. This
      effect was also noted in normal animals. The effect on thrombocytopenic bleeding
      was dose related. When given daily, the effect was greater when hydrocortisone
      was given for 10 d than for 5 d. Both indomethacin and tranylcypromine also
      reduced the jugular vein bleeding time when instilled intraluminally into the
      jugular vein, whereas exogenously provided arachidonic acid reversed the effect
      of hydrocortisone but did not reverse the effect of indomethacin or
      tranylcypromine. Exogenously provided linoleic acid did not have any effect.
      Perfusion of the vessel segment with prostacyclin (PGI(2)) reversed the effect of
      intraluminally administered hydrocortisone, indomethacin, and tranylcypromine.
      Similarly, hydrocortisone, indomethacin, and tranylcypromine all reduced the rate
      of loss of fluid from a standard wound in isolated vessels emptied of blood and
      perfused with saline under constant pressure. PGI(2) reversed the action of these
      three agents, however, arachidonic acid reversed only the effect of
      hydrocortisone and did not reverse the effect of indomethacin and
      tranylcypromine. The generation of PGI(2)-like material and 6-keto
      prostaglandinF(1) alpha from jugular vein strips was prevented by prior exposure
      of the animals or vessel wall to hydrocortisone. These results are compatible
      with the hypothesis that the vessel wall releases smooth muscle-relaxing
      prostaglandins when injured and that inhibition of prostaglandin formation by
      hydrocortisone enhances hemostasis by allowing vasoconstriction to be maintained.

PMID- 376549
TI  - Use of a human plaque-forming cell assay to study peripheral blood bursa
      equivalent cell activation and excessive suppressor cell activity in humoral
      immunodeficiency.
AB  - A plaque assay that detects human mononuclear blood cells producing
      immunoglobulin (Ig)M antibody to sheep erythrocytes was investigated for its
      usefulness in studying B-cell activation and regulation in 24 patients with
      humoral immunodeficiency. Cells from 3 of 15 patients with common variable
      agammaglobulinemia produced some plaques (range 40--160/10(6) cells; normal range
      80--1240/10(6)), but those from the other 12, from all 7 with x-linked
      agammaglobulinemia and from the 2 with x-linked immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM
      failed to produce any detectable plaques. In co-cultures of patient and normal
      cells a very good correlation was seen between results of the plaque assay and an
      IgM biosynthesis assay in detecting excessive suppressor cell activity. Cells
      from 7 of 15 common variable agammaglobulinemics, from 3 of 7 x-linked
      agammaglobulinemics, and from both patients with hyper-IgM caused significant
      suppression of IgM biosynthesis and(or) plaque formation by normal cells. The
      observations in the last two groups and discordance for excess suppressor
      activity in identical twins with common variable agammaglobulinemia suggest that
      the activity develops secondarily to whatever their primary defects may be.
      Culturing non-T cells from common variable agammaglobulinemics exhibiting
      excessive suppressor cell activity with normal T cells resulted in plaque
      formation in four of five patients so studied; in all five the suppressor
      activity was found in the T-cell population. The availability of a plaque assay
      for the study of blood cells from immunodeficient patients provides a new probe
      to examine the cellular nature of such defects.

PMID- 376550
TI  - Role of Ia-like products of the main histocompatibility complex in conditioning
      skin allograft survival in man.
AB  - This report correlates the survival time of 93 intrafamilial skin allografts
      performed under conditions of main histocompatibility complex (HLA) haploidentity
      with donor-recipient compatibility for products of the HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR, as
      well as C3 proactivator, Glyoxalase I, and P loci located on the human 6th
      chromosome. Incompatibilities for HLA-A and -B (and to a lesser extent for HLA-C)
      and(or) for HLA-DR products exerted a strong influence upon the fate of skin
      allografts. When HLA-A and -B were considered alone, the most compatible group of
      grafts had a mean survival time of 15.8 d, as compared with 11.3 d for the most
      incompatible transplants. HLA-DR compatibility alone was associated with a mean
      survival time of 15.3 d, whereas HLA-DR-incompatible grafts had a mean survival
      time of 11.5 d. Incompatibilities for C3 proactivator, Glyoxalase I, and P did
      not have a significant effect upon graft survival. There was no evidence of an
      association between donor-recipient incompatibility at HLA-A, -B, or -C or at HLA
      DR; such incompatibilities occurred independently of each other, in spite of the
      state of linkage disequilibrium known to exist between HLA-B and -DR.
      Incompatibilities for HLA-A, -B, and for HLA-DR exerted a potent additive effect
      upon graft survival. Skin grafts bearing one, two, or three incompatibilities had
      a mean survival time of 16.2, 13.7, and 10.7 d, respectively (P <0.0005).The
      results point to the important role played by the Ia-like products of the HLA
      complex (HLA-DR) in conditioning skin allograft survival in man. This
      consideration may be of direct relevance to the potential clinical usefulness of
      in vitro serological techniques for the detection of donor-recipient
      compatibility for HLA-DR.

PMID- 376551
TI  - Deficient serum bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli in patients with
      cirrhosis of the liver.
AB  - The serum bactericidal activity (SBA) of cirrhotic patients was compared with
      that of normal individuals using the release of (51)Cr from radiolabeled
      Escherichia coli as the assay method. 80% (22/27) of patients were found to have
      deficient SBA against at least one of three smooth, serum-sensitive test strains
      of E. coli. Cirrhotic patients were found to have normal levels of serum
      lysozyme. Although some patients were mildly hypocomplementemic, this abnormality
      did not correlate with the presence of a bactericidal defect. Bactericidal
      antibody in normal and cirrhotics' sera was limited to the immunoglobulin (Ig)M
      class. Purified IgM from patients with deficient SBA against E. coli 0111 had
      lower concentrations of bactericidal antibody for that E. coli than did IgM from
      normal sera; the calculated bactericidal activity of total serum IgM was also
      lower. The bactericidal defect in cirrhotic serum could be completely corrected
      by either human antiserum to the homologous strain of E. coli or by purified,
      normal human IgM. However, because higher concentrations of IgM were required to
      restore normal SBA to a cirrhotic's serum than to agammaglobulinemic serum, there
      may be an inhibitor of bactericidal antibody in addition to a deficiency of
      bactericidal IgM antibody to E. coli in the serum of patients with cirrhosis. The
      bactericidal activity of the alternative complement pathway was also assessed.
      Sera from cirrhotic patients had no deficit in SBA attributable to the
      alternative complement pathway. In fact, in some, the activity of the alternative
      complement pathway was supernormal, compensating in part for the deficit in IgM
      mediated SBA.

PMID- 376552
TI  - Insulin sensitivity and insulin binding to monocytes in maturity-onset diabetes.
AB  - Tissue sensitive to insulin and insulin binding to monocytes were evaluated in 15
      nonobese maturity-onset diabetics and in 16 healthy controls. Insulin sensitivity
      was determined by the insulin clamp technique in which the plasma insulin is
      acutely raised and maintained 100 muU/ml above the fasting level and plasma
      glucose is held constant at fasting levels by a variable glucose infusion. The
      amount of glucose infused is a measure of overall tissue sensitivity to insulin.
      In the diabetic group, the fasting plasma glucose concentration (168+/-4 mg/dl)
      was 85% greater than controls (P < 0.01) whereas the plasma insulin level (15+/-1
      muU/ml) was similar to controls. During the insulin clamp study, comparable
      plasma insulin levels were achieved in the diabetics (118+/-5) and the controls
      (114+/-5 muU/ml). However, the glucose infusion rate in the diabetics (4.7+/-0.4
      mg/kg.min) was 30% below controls (P < 0.01). Among the diabetics, the glucose
      infusion rate correlated directly with the fasting plasma glucose level (r =
      0.57, P < 0.05). In five diabetic subjects, glucose metabolism was similar to
      controls, and these diabetics had the highest fasting glucose levels. When they
      were restudied after prior normalization (with insulin) of the fasting plasma
      glucose (100+/-1 mg/dl), the glucose infusion rate during the insulin clamp was
      30% lower than observed in association with hyperglycemia (P < 0.01). Studies
      that employed tritiated glucose to measure endogenous glucose production
      indicated comparable 90-95% inhibition of hepatic glucose production during
      hyperinsulinemia in the diabetic and control subjects.(125)I-insulin binding to
      monocytes in the diabetics (5.5+/-0.6%) was 30% below that in controls (P <
      0.01). Insulin binding to monocytes and insulin action as determined with the
      insulin clamp were highly correlated in both control (r = 0.67, P < 0.01), and
      diabetic subjects (r = 0.88, P < 0.001). We conclude that (a) tissue sensitivity
      to physiologic hyperinsulinemia is reduced in most maturity-onset diabetics; (b)
      this decrease in sensitivity is located, at least in part, in extrahepatic
      tissues; (c) the resistance to insulin may be mediated by a reduction in insulin
      binding; and (d) in maturity-onset diabetics with normal tissue sensitivity to
      insulin, hyperglycemia may be a contributing factor to the normal rates of
      insulin-mediated glucose uptake.

PMID- 376553
TI  - Insulin secretion and metabolism during the perinatal period in the rat. Evidence
      for a placental role in fetal hyperinsulinemia.
AB  - To better understand why plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentration is
      high in the rat fetus during the last 3 d of gestation and why fetal
      hyperinsulinemia abruptly subsides after birth, insulin secretion and metabolic
      clearance rates were estimated in fetuses and nursed pups. Intravenously injected
      [(125)I]monoiodoinsulin was cleared from the plasma of prematurely delivered pups
      at least as rapidly as from that of 7- to 10-d-old pups, suggesting that fetal
      hyperinsulinemia is not a result of slow clearance of the hormone. The fetal
      liver bound 35% of the injected label within 3 min, and binding was saturable.
      The uptake of radioactivity by the fetal kidney was nonsaturable and much lower
      than that of adult rat kidney. Isolated fetal islets were already reactive to
      glucose on the 19th d of gestation. Pancreatic insulin secretory capacity was
      estimated by measuring (a) the insulin release of isolated islets incubated in
      the presence of 2.8 mM glucose, (b) the insulin content of the same islets, and
      (c) the total insulin extracted from the pancreas, using the formula (a x c)/b. 2
      d before birth, the pancreatic insulin secretory capacity was high, accounting
      for fetal hyperinsulinemia. It was even higher after birth, not accounting for
      the postnatal decrease in plasma IRI concentration. Pups delivered by caesarian
      section 1 d before term exhibited a brisk decrease in plasma IRI concentration
      when the cord was cut. By contrast, if the feto-placental unit was removed from
      the dam, maintaining fetal blood circulation through the placenta, fetal plasma
      IRI concentration remained as high as in utero. These experiments suggest that a
      placental factor stimulates fetal insulin secretion. After birth, when the cord
      is cut, insulin secretion is rapidly turned off, and the pups switch from a state
      of unlimited fuel supply by the mother to a state of fuel saving.

PMID- 376554
TI  - Intravascular clearance of parasitized erythrocytes in rodent malaria.
AB  - Little is known about host defense mechanisms responsible for protective immunity
      in malaria. The intravascular location of the infection suggested that removal of
      parasitized erythrocytes by reticuloendothelial organs might be important. To
      study this possibility, we examined the clearance of (51)Crlabeled Plasmodium
      berghei-infected erythrocytes in rats. Infected erythrocytes were removed more
      rapidly from circulation than homologous uninfected erythrocytes. The rate of
      clearance of infected cells during the 1st hour after inoculation was
      approximately three times greater in rats rendered immune by prior infection than
      in control rats. This accelerated clearance resulted from greater splenic uptake
      in immune rats and appeared to correlate with spleen size. Since the clearance
      pattern of infected erythrocytes more closely resembled the clearance of Heinz
      body-containing uninfected erythrocytes than of antibody-coated (immunoglobulin
      G) uninfected erythrocytes, rheologic alterations of parasitized erythrocytes
      might be a more important determinant of clearance than an antibody-dependent
      process. During the phase of malaria infection in which increasing parasitemia is
      observed, organ uptake of infected erythrocytes did not increase despite splenic
      and hepatic enlargement. However during the spontaneous onset of resolution of
      malaria infection characterized by decreasing parasitemia, a marked enhancement
      of splenic clearance was noted. These observations suggest that sudden alteration
      in splenic clearance of parasitized erythrocytes might be important in the
      resolution of acute malaria.

PMID- 376555
TI  - Thrombin-induced platelet secretion. Further evidence for a specific pathway.
AB  - We have studied the interaction between thrombin and washed, human platelets
      using prostacyclin, a reversible inhibitor of platelet secretion. The effect of
      thrombin is limited to those reactions that are not inhibited by an increased
      concentration of platelet cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate, because
      prostacyclin is a potent inducer of the latter. Prostacyclin-treated platelets
      were briefly (15-30 s) exposed to low concentrations of human thrombin (0.01-0.2
      U/ml). After removal of the prostacyclin and thrombin, the platelets were
      incubated with fresh thrombin. Although they had not undergone the release
      reaction after the first thrombin incubation, these platelets had a diminished
      capacity to secrete [(3)H]serotonin when exposed to thrombin the second time.
      Refractoriness was concentration dependent: the higher the initial thrombin
      concentration, the greater the degree of inhibition of serotonin secretion on
      subsequent thrombin exposure. Inhibition was closely related to the ability of
      thrombin to induce platelet secretion and not to its esterase or fibrinogen
      clotting activity. Diisopropyl fluorophosphate-inactive thrombin did not induce
      refractoriness. Refractoriness to thrombin did not increase when the time of the
      initial incubation with thrombin was lengthened, nor was it reversible.INHIBITION
      WAS THROMBIN SPECIFIC: serotonin secretion induced by collagen, wheat germ
      agglutinin, and the ionophore A23187 was minimally affected. For an equivalent
      amount of thrombin bound, a decrease was observed in serotonin secretion by
      thrombin-pretreated platelets compared to control platelets. Thus, there is at
      least one step in the secretory pathway between thrombin binding and regulation
      of adenylate cyclase. This step appears to transmit the signal that leads to
      extrusion of intracellular granular contents.

PMID- 376556
TI  - Interference with the mannose binding and epithelial cell adherence of
      Escherichia coli by sublethal concentrations of streptomycin.
AB  - When Escherichia coli was grown in sublethal concentrations of streptomycin,
      mannose binding activity and epithelial cell adherence of the E. coli cultures at
      stationary phase were significantly reduced in the drug-grown organisms. In a
      strain whose minimal inhibitory concentrations was 30 mug/ml, the percentage of
      reduction in mannose binding activity was dose related over a range of
      concentrations between 0.5 and 10 mug/ml streptomycin. Concomitant with the drug
      induced suppression of mannose binding activity, antigenic and ultrastructural
      alterations on the surface of the drug-grown organisms were observed by
      agglutination tests and electron microscopy, respectively. The streptomycin
      effect was reversible, required actively growing organisms, and was most apparent
      in the early log-phase of growth. High doses of antibiotic were ineffective when
      added to cultures which had acquired mannose binding activity. An isogenic
      derivative with high-level resistance to streptomycin was obtained as a single
      step mutation from the test E. coli strain. Whereas the isogenic mutant possessed
      mannose binding activity and adhering ability similar to the parent strain, it
      was resistant to the streptomycin-induced suppression of the two activities at
      enormous concentrations (up to 10,000 mug/ml) of streptomycin. Taken together the
      results suggest that the suppression of epithelial cell adherence and mannose
      binding activity of E. coli grown in sublethal concentrations of streptomycin is
      a result of classic mechanisms of drug action upon the bacterial ribosome. The
      results support the possibility that antibiotics may act through mechanisms other
      than inhibition of growth and bacterial killing to eradicate bacteria from
      mucosal surfaces.

PMID- 376558
TI  - Response of variant hereditary angioedema phenotypes to danazol therapy. Genetic
      implications.
AB  - Hereditary angioedema (HAE), an auto-somal dominant disorder characterized by
      attacks of episodic edema is associated with decreased functional levels of the
      C1 esterase inhibitor. Approximately 85% of patients have lowered antigen levels
      of a normal inhibitor protein. 15% of patients have normal or elevated antigenic
      levels of functionless protein. We have examined the response to danazol therapy
      of patients with the variant HAE phenotypes possessing the abnormal protein in an
      effort to determine if these patients possess a normal structural C1 inhibitor
      allele. Four patients with a variant HAE phenotype were treated successfully with
      danazol. In two patients, distinguished by the presence of a functionless,
      albumin-bound, C1 inhibitor (phenotype 2), phenotypic analysis of the danazol
      response by bidirectional immunoelectrophoresis revealed the appearance of the
      normal C1 inhibitor gene product during danazol therapy. This relatively cathodal
      C1 inhibitor peak appears in conjunction with the development of nearly normal
      functional activity. All of the functional C1 inhibitory activity which appeared
      in the phenotype 2 treatment serum was associated with the electrophoretically
      normal inhibitor. This normal protein could be separated from the functionless
      inhibitor protein by immunoadsorption and molecular sieve chromatography. Danazol
      therapy of the two patients with an electrophoretically normal, functionless C1
      inhibitor (phenotype 3) also resulted in a clinical remission associated with
      development of a significant increment in functional serum C1 inhibitory activity
      and C1 inhibitor protein. These findings demonstrate that these two HAE
      phenotypic variants are heterozygous for the normal serum C1 inhibitor, a finding
      which was not apparent before phenotypic analysis of this serum during danazol
      therapy. These data provide strong evidence for a basic similarity between the
      common form of HAE and its phenotypic variants. They also suggest that a
      structural gene lesion may result in the abnormalities of serum C1 inhibitor
      function and disease expression in all three of these HAE phenotypes.

PMID- 376557
TI  - Role of microtubules in the synthesis, conversion, and release of (pro)insulin. A
      biochemical and radioautographic study in rat islets.
AB  - In the pancreatic B cell, microtubules are thought to be involved in the process
      of insulin release. Their possible participation in the sequence of events
      leading from the biosynthesis and conversion of proinsulin to the release of
      newly synthesized insulin was investigated in rat isolated islets exposed to
      colchicine (0.1 mM). When the islets were preincubated for 30 min with colchicine
      and [3H]-leucine and, thereafter, incubated for two successive periods of 90 min
      each, still in the presence of colchicine, the release of preformed insulin was
      progressively inhibited and that of newly synthesized hormone delayed. When the
      islets were preincubated for 120 min with colchicine, subsequently pulse-labeled
      with [3H]leucine, and eventually examined by ultrastructural autoradiography, the
      export of newly synthesized proinsulin out of the rough endoplasmic reticulum,
      its transit through the Golgi complex, and its eventual packaging in secretory
      granules were all retarded. This situation was associated with a delayed
      conversion of proinsulin to insulin. Under the same experimental conditions,
      colchicine failed to affect the oxidation of glucose and adenylate charge in the
      islets. The effect of colchicine upon the release of preformed and newly
      synthesized insulin was not reproduced by lumicolchicine. It is concluded that
      colchicine interferes with the system controlling the intracellular transfer of
      secretory material from site of synthesis to site of release. This interference
      is likely to be linked to the effect of colchicine on microtubules.

PMID- 376559
TI  - Antigenic modulation and turnover in human neutrophils.
AB  - Turnover of membrane constituents appears important in many biologic processes.
      We studied this process in neutrophils by immunologic methods. The capacity of
      neutrophils to recognize other neutrophils coated with antibodies against
      membrane antigens was used to determine the changes that occur after attachment
      of the antibody to the neutrophil membrane. Neutrophils were sensitized for 30
      min at 22 degrees C with antibodies from three patients with antineutrophil
      autoantibodies. The sensitized neutrophils were recognized by normal neutrophils,
      which responded with an increase in glucose oxidation. If, after sensitization,
      the sensitized neutrophils were not immediately exposed to normal neutrophils,
      but instead were incubated at 37 degrees C for varying times, the capacity to
      elicit a recognition response decayed and was gone by 30 min. Additionally, the
      capacity of the cells to be resensitized by reexposure to antibody also decayed
      during this period. However, after further incubation at 37 degrees C, the
      neutrophils recovered the capacity to become sensitized; and this recovery was
      not inhibited by the addition of cycloheximide. Control incubations with normal
      immunoglobulin (Ig)G did not elicit a recognition response. The decay in
      recognition response was temperature dependent. Direct immunofluorescent studies
      with fluorescein-conjugated antineutrophil IgG revealed that the antibodies were
      cleared by aggregation and endocytosis. We conclude that: (a) neutrophils clear
      antibody from the cell surface by a temperature-dependent mechanism; (b)
      antigenicity is cleared concomitantly; (c) the mechanism of clearance involves
      internalization; and (d) with time, antigenicity reappears on the cell surface.

PMID- 376560
TI  - Antipili antibody affords protection against experimental ascending
      pyelonephritis.
AB  - The ability of antipili antibody to prevent ascending urinary tract infection was
      investigated in rats. One group of rats was immunized passively with rabbit
      antisera to purified pili and challenged by intravesicular inoculation of 5 x
      10(7) heavily piliated Escherichia coli. Only 2 of 14 immunized animals developed
      cortical abscesses as compared to 13 of 15 control rats given normal rabbit serum
      (P equals 0.0001). The mean log titer of bacteria in the kidneys of the immunized
      rats was 0.85 vs. 6.08 in the controls (P less than 0.005). A second group was
      actively immunized with pili. 3 of 16 immunized animals became infected as
      compared to 10 of 15 controls (P equals 0.01). The mean log titers were 2.13 and
      4.54, respectively (P less than 0.01). A third group was passively immunized and
      challenged with a strain that had different O, K, and H antigens but shared pili
      antigens. Abscesses occurred in 4 of 15 immunized animals as compared to 13 of 15
      controls (P equals 0.001). The mean log titers were 2.37 and 5.63, respectively
      (P less than 0.005). These results indicate that antipili antibody protects rats
      against ascending urinary tract infections.

PMID- 376561
TI  - Particle size distribution analysis for the rapid detection of microbial
      infection of urine.
AB  - The accuracy and practicality of particle size distribution analysis for rapid
      screening of urine specimens are assessed. Six hundred urines were subjected
      simultaneously to routine bacteriological examinations and particle size
      distribution analysis using a Coulter Counter (ZBI) linked to a C1000
      Channelyzer. There was complete agreement in the results of 593 (98.8%)
      specimens. Characteristic profiles of various bacterial species in infected
      specimens were consistently obtained. This system can easily be linked to any
      existing computer reporting in a district hospital laboratory, and the results of
      negative specimens (70--80%) can be obtained within 5--10 minutes.

PMID- 376562
TI  - A modified device for replica plating.

PMID- 376563
TI  - Relative sensitivities of the indirect conjugate method and the antibody bridge
      methods using PAP.

PMID- 376564
TI  - Sickle cell anemia--its pathology and management.

PMID- 376565
TI  - The pin retained palatal prosthesis and its influence on the dentition.

PMID- 376566
TI  - The chloride corrosion behavior of silver-base casting alloys.
AB  - The chloride corrosion behavior of five silver-palladium dental casting alloys
      was investigated in a 1% NaCl solution through the use of electrochemical
      hysteresis technique. The corrosion mechanism has been interpreted in terms of
      the microstructure of these alloys and their possible electrochemical reactions.

PMID- 376567
TI  - A hydrophilic denture base resin.
AB  - A Denture Base Resin is marketed with hydrophilic characteristics which, it is
      claimed, improve retention. The claim has been questioned, but this article is
      concerned with the physico-chemical properties of the product.

PMID- 376568
TI  - Studies on the Sm-Co magnet as a dental material.
AB  - The Sm-Co magnet has superior and convenient magnetic properties as compared with
      conventional ones used hitherto in prosthesis, and even very small pieces can
      provide the force necessary in dentistry. Also, the magnet has high corrosion
      resistance and is innocuous to tissues. Therefore, it can be used as a dental
      material, overcoming the limitations in past applications.

PMID- 376569
TI  - A method for detection of complement cleavage in gingival fluid.
AB  - A sensitive method is described for detection of C3 cleavage in gingival fluid
      taken from sites of both normal and inflamed gingiva. Preliminary data suggest a
      direct relationship between C3 conversion and the presence of periodontal
      disease.

PMID- 376570
TI  - A comparison of the effects of endotoxin upon fibroblast proliferation and
      macromolecular syntheses.
AB  - The effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin upon mouse L929 cell proliferation, DNA
      synthesis, protein synthesis, and proline incorporation were determined. It was
      found that a level of endotoxin which inhibited cell proliferation prompted a
      similar inhibition of DNA synthesis and overall cell protein synthesis. In
      contrast, endotoxin was shown to inhibit incorporation of proline into cell
      protein to a significantly greater extent.

PMID- 376571
TI  - A thermographic study of heat distribution during ultra-speed cavity preparation.
AB  - Thermography was employed to determine the pattern of heat generation,
      distribution and dissipation during ultra-high speed cavity preparation. Results
      indicate an increase in intrapulpal temperature during cutting procedures. No
      significant differences in the cooling effectiveness between air-water spray and
      air alone were found. Thermography appears to be an effective research tool for
      determining thermal changes.

PMID- 376573
TI  - In memoriam John Collins Neill,  O.D. 1902--1978.

PMID- 376572
TI  - Comparison of four weeks' treatment with fenoterol and terbutaline aerosols in
      adult asthmatics. A double-blind crossover study.
AB  - Fenoterol and terbutaline, two long-acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists in
      aerosol form, were compared in an 8-wk randomized double-blind crossover study in
      22 mild to moderately severe asthmatics. Patients completed diary cards, recorded
      peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) twice daily, and attended a clinic for
      measurement of PEFR, 1-sec forced expiratory volume (FEV1), and forced vital
      capacity (FVC) twice during each treatment period. Fifteen patients completed the
      study; 5 dropped out while using fenoterol, and 2 while using terbutaline. At
      clinic attendances, the patients had a significantly higher mean PEFR after 4 wk
      on terbutaline (385 L/min) than after fenoterol (316 L/min) (p less than 0.001).
      Similar results were found on analysis of the morning and evening PEFR
      recordings. On comparing each individual's PEFR recordings during the 2
      treatments, it was found that there was no significant difference among the
      treatments in 3 patients, while 9 patients had a better response to terbutaline,
      and 3 patients had a better response to fenoterol. While similar number expressed
      a subjective preference for each treatment, the lung function data suggested that
      the effectiveness of fenoterol appeared to decline during the trial period.

PMID- 376574
TI  - Postoperative steroid injection: the first seventy-two hours of bone healing. A
      review of the literature.

PMID- 376575
TI  - Hyperlipoproteinemia and symptoms of the lower extremity: a case report.

PMID- 376576
TI  - Nephrology nursing in a foreign country.

PMID- 376577
TI  - Immunosuppressive activity associated with a reticulum cell sarcoma of aged mice.
AB  - Aging BC3F1 hybrid mice frequently develop a reticulum cell sarcoma (RCS) causing
      marked hypercellularity of lymphoid tissues and pronounced suppression of humoral
      immunity. Cells of malignant spleens gave feeble responses in vitro to thymus
      dependent and -independent antigens; moreover, they suppressed normal spleen cell
      responses to the antigens. The RCS was passed, serially, in young mice and the
      spleen and ascites cells of these recipients suppressed normal cell responses in
      vitro. Malignancy resulted in a substantial increase in the proportion of spleen
      cells of relatively lower density as determined by BSA gradient centrifugation;
      the cells of lower density were strongly immunosuppressive. The suppressive cells
      appeared to be neither typical T cells nor macrophages. Humoral suppressive
      substances associated with the RCS were demonstrated in vivo. The suppressive
      influence of the RCS may account for the hostile milieu in old BC3F1 mice with
      respect to lymphohematopoietic cells.

PMID- 376578
TI  - Gerovital-H3: a clinical trial as an antidepressant.
AB  - Twenty-five volunteers, all in their fifth decade or beyond, all with mild to
      moderate, nonpsychotic depression of at least several months' duration
      participated in a double-blind study of Gerovital vs placebo. There was no
      significant difference between the Gerovital and placebo groups; both groups
      showed significant improvement on self-rating as well as observer rating scales.

PMID- 376579
TI  - A bibliography of doctoral dissertations on aging from American institutions of
      higher learning, 1975-1977.
AB  - This bibliography is the seventh supplement to the original title which covered
      1934-1969. The supplements include all titles of earlier years which were found
      after the original bibliography was published, Journal of Gerontology, 1971, 26,
      391-422. Included in this year's supplement are 15 titles identified in a search
      of the Datrix data base which covered the years 1856-1934. Due to the nature of
      bibliographic control in regard to doctoral dissertation, each supplement will
      try to cover the academic year rather than the physical year. This means that a
      dissertation issued in 1970 may be either in the original bibliography or in the
      supplements. The arrangement of the supplement is similar to the original
      bibliography.

PMID- 376580
TI  - Current publications in Gerontology and Geriatrics.
AB  - The subject categories are those in A Classified Bibliography of Gerontology and
      Geriatrics by Nathan W. Shock, published by Stanford University Press, Stanford,
      California (1951). Only major headings are used and the Roman numerals correspond
      to those given in the bibliography. Insofar as possible, references are
      classified according to organ systems. Thus, most of the material on Geriatrics
      will be found under the organ system involved in the disease. Cross references
      are indicated by numbers at the end of each section. When available, abstract
      references are given (B.A.-Biological Abstracts. P.A.-Psychological Abstracts,
      and P.I.-Population Index). Abbreviations for journals are those in A World List
      of Scientific Periodicals Published in the years 1900-1933, 2nd Edition. For
      journals not listed, abbreviations were devised to the general rules used in the
      above source. It is impossible to cover all journals and list all papers
      concerned with aging and the aged. Authors and publishers are requested to call
      attention to publications or to send reprints to the Gerontology Research Center,
      Baltimore City Hospitals, Baltimore, Maryland 21224.

PMID- 376581
TI  - Fritz Verzar Sept. 18, 1886--Mar. 12, 1979.

PMID- 376582
TI  - A bibliography of doctoral dissertations on aging from American institutions of
      higher learning, 1976-1978.
AB  - This bibliography is the eighth supplement to the original title which covered
      1934--1969. The supplements include all titles of earlier years which were found
      after the original bibliography was published, Journal of Gerontology, 1971,26,
      391--422. Due to the nature of bibliographic control in regard to doctoral
      dissertations, each supplement will try to cover the academic year rather than
      the physical year. This means that a dissertation issued in 1970 may be either in
      the original bibliography or in the supplements. The arrangements of the
      supplement is similar to the original bibliography.

PMID- 376583
TI  - On death, dying, and terminality: today, yesterday, and tomorrow.
AB  - Not long ago, America viewed death and dying with a familiar fear and hostility.
      But today the subject has become fashionable, part of the transient pop culture,
      and as a consequence, trivialized and sentimentalized. When lifespans were
      shorter, deaths quicker, and man felt helpless before nature, death and dying
      were repeated intruders into the daily routine, usually occurring at home. But
      with the birth of the modern clinic in late eighteenth century Europe, the focus
      shifted from the patient to his affliction. Medicine became more scientific and
      effective as a result; yet the patient has suffered from this change, too, often
      feeling profoundly alienated from the entire medical apparatus. For terminally
      ill patients, the problem is especially severe; but the hospice approach (patient
      centered like the old medieval hospital, and yet owing much to modern
      specialization and technology) promises physical and emotional amelioration of
      suffering in an imperfect but valuable departure from recent tradition.

PMID- 376687
TI  - Horseradish peroxidase labeled antisera--a diagnostic method for evaluating the
      percentages of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood.
AB  - Horseradish peroxidase labeled antisera supplied commercially was used to
      evaluate B lymphocytes in peripheral blood. This technique not only gave
      comparable results to the conventional fluorescein method, but also proved to be
      more advantageous.

PMID- 376688
TI  - Protein A in immunoperoxidase techniques.

PMID- 376689
TI  - Isolation of GFA protein from normal brain--a comment.

PMID- 376690
TI  - Immunoperoxidase localization of hPL: fact or artefact?

PMID- 376691
TI  - Catalase in skeletal muscle fibers.
AB  - Catalase has been localized immunocytochemically with anti-bovine catalase in
      long thin filament structures in aerobic type I fibers in the skeletal muscles of
      normal and genetically dystrophic hamsters. The filaments range in length from 1
      to 60 micron, are orientated regularly along the long axis of the fibers, and
      also seem to surround and project from muscle nuclei. The enzyme thus appears to
      be more prominent in the sarcoplasmic reticulum than in peroxisomes, and in this
      situation is suitably placed for destroying toxic hydrogen peroxide which may be
      continously generated in aerobic fibers.

PMID- 376692
TI  - Alpha-bungarotoxin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate: preparation, properties and
      utilization for the histochemical detection of acetylcholine receptors.
AB  - A method is presented for the efficient conjugation of horseradish peroxidase to
      alpha-bungarotoxin. The 1:1 molar conjugate obtained is purified to completion by
      gel filtration on Sephadex G-100, followed by ion exchange chromatography on CM
      Sephadex. The conjugate retains half of the activity of unmodified horseradish
      peroxidase and binds effectively to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of
      muscle. The conjugate is proven to be useful reagent for the histochemical
      staining of the receptor on muscle fibers for light and electron microscopy.

PMID- 376693
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of guinea pig spermatozoal autoantigens on germinal
      cells by immunoperoxidase techniques.
AB  - Three guinea pig spermatozoal autoantigens S, P and T, each one able to induce
      autoimmune aspermatogenic orchiepididymitis and autoantibodies, were
      ultrastructurally localized in male germinal cells by immunoperoxidase
      techniques. Both living and prefixed sectioned cell preparations were treated and
      examined. Fab antibody fragments were used to study intracellular antigens (whole
      antibodies were inefficient). Water-soluble S and P autoantigens were found in
      acrosomal structures in the same sites: proacrosomal and acrosomal granules of
      the young spermatids, on the head caps of spermatids and acrosomal cap of
      spermatozoa, along the inner and outer acrosomal membranes and in the outer zone
      of the acrosomal matrix of the same cells. S was never found in the inner zone of
      spermatid or spermatozoa acrosomes, while P was present in this inner zone, but
      only of young spermatids. Water-insoluble T autoantigen was found on the
      plasmalemma and outer acrosomal membranes of spermatids and spermatozoa, inside
      the spermatid cytoplasm and, sometimes, on the inner acrosomal membrane of young
      spermatids. The specificity of the immunological localization for each antigen
      was confirmed by testing with specific antisera following absorption with
      homologous and heterologous antigens. No other testicular cell type (including
      Sertoli cells per se) was found to bear S, P or T autoantigens. When use was made
      of autoimmune sera obtained through autologous whole spermatozoa, the observed
      staining was an additive combination of what was observed when using the
      preceding three immune sera, anti-S, anti-P and anti-T.

PMID- 376695
TI  - Differentiation of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides from certain closely
      related caprine mycoplasmas by mycoplasmaemia and cross-protection tests in mice.
AB  - In recent years, mycoplasma taxonomists have found that numerous mycoplasma
      strains from goats are serologically indistinguishable from Mycoplasma mycoides
      subsp. mycoides, the causative agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP),
      by routinely used tests, e.g. the metabolism- and growth-inhibition tests. As a
      result, such organisms are now openly referred to as M. mycoides subsp. mycoides.
      Seven of these so-called M. mycoides subsp. mycoides strains from goats were
      compared with two strains of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides from CBPP, and with one
      strain of M. mycoides subsp. capri, by means of two in-vivo tests, namely, (1) a
      test of the ability of each strain, injected intraperitoneally into mice, to
      produce mycoplasmaemia, and (2) a cross-protection test in mice. Of the seven
      strains, only one ('O goat') was indistinguishable from genuine M. mycoides
      subsp. mycoides; it also had small colonies resembling those of genuine M.
      mycoides subsp. mycoides. The other six were easily distinguished from genuine M.
      mycoides subsp. mycoides, and they produced large colonies. These six strains and
      others like them should no longer be given a name that fails to distinguish them
      from the causative agent of CBPP. Cross-protection tests showed that the seven
      goat strains referred to above differed from M. mycoides subsp. capri.

PMID- 376694
TI  - An instrument for measuring bacterial penetration through fabrics used for
      barrier clothing.
AB  - A new instrument has been designed to measure the penetration by rubbing of
      bacteria from cloth contaminated in the nursing of burn patients through fabrics
      designed for barrier garments. Most fabrics tested dry reduced the transfer of
      bacteria from the source cloth to about 10%, irrespective of the results of air
      filter tests, which agrees with mock nursing results. When the fabrics were
      tested against a wet surface, the transfer of bacteria rapidly reached 100% if
      the fabrics had a high wettability, but was slower for fabrics with a low
      wettability. Through closely woven waterproofed cotton, transfer was 5--25%, but
      increased three- to four-fold after ten launderings, in line with the water
      absorption. Transfer through plastic-laminated material was less than 1%. The
      results suggest that barrier garments should be made either of plastic or of
      recently waterproofed closely woven cotton at points of contact between nurse and
      patient where the clothes may be wetted by bacteria-containing wound secretions.

PMID- 376696
TI  - Four bills of health issued from Malta by the Order of St John.
AB  - The specimens here described enlarge our knowledge of the bills of health of the
      Order of St John issued from Malta, an aspect of public health that had hitherto
      remained unexplored. These lone survivors from a vanished by-way of Maltese
      medical history formed, in their age, an integral part of the daily social,
      commercial and sanitary pattern of life in Malta. The earliest met so far, and
      described in the present series, dates from 1713; two belong to 1766 and another
      dates from 1794. A further bill, issued in 1782, has been published elsewhere.
      The chance preservation of these documents in unlikely places, as here indicated,
      makes it probable that additional ones may eventually come to light.

PMID- 376697
TI  - Serotypes of antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli isolated from the sewage of
      Palmerston North (New Zealand).
AB  - Antibiotic resistant strains of Escherichia coli were isolated from the domestic
      sewage of Palmerston North. The ability of these strains to transfer the drug
      resistance markers to two different recipient E. coli strains was assessed. The
      'O' and 'H' serotypes of all strains were determined and attempts at correlation
      with the drug resistance studies were made. Some typically 'human' serotypes were
      found as well as a number of rarely described ones. No correlation between
      serotype and resistance pattern was observed.

PMID- 376698
TI  - An investigation into the incidence and sources of klebsiella infections in
      hospital patients.
AB  - Coliforms isolated from infections over a period of 22 months were examined and
      16% were shown to be klebsiellas. The biochemical reactions and serotypes of
      these klebsiellas were determined and the relationship between species, serotype
      and type of infection investigated. Although no obvious outbreaks of infection
      occurred during this period a number of clusters of isolations of the same
      serotype of klebsiella were found. Using an enrichment method for the isolation
      of klebsiellas from faeces, sero and bacteriocin typing, and the examination of
      ten colonies, it was demonstrated that half of the patients carried a klebsiella
      of the same type in the bowel as caused the infection.

PMID- 376700
TI  - The Brown Animal Sanatory Institution.

PMID- 376699
TI  - A survey of trimethoprim resistance in the enteric bacterial flora of farm
      animals.
AB  - For 29 months the Veterinary Investigation Centres, covering the whole of Great
      Britain, forwarded trimethoprim-resistant gram negative enteric bacteria to the
      Wellcome Research Laboratories. These were examined for degree of resistance,
      presence and type of R factors. Trimethoprim resistance was found in 0.6% of the
      total number of strains examined by the Veterinary Investigation Centres.
      Trimethoprim R factors were demonstrated in one quarter of the resistant strains,
      and R factors were found in two strains of Salmonella typhimurium. It was
      concluded that while the incidence of trimethoprim resistance revealed by the
      survey gave no cause for alarm, the detection of resistant strains, and
      particularly R factors, indicated that the drug should continue to be used only
      for specific therapeutic purposes.

PMID- 376701
TI  - Immunoregulation of Heymann's nephritis. I. Induction of suppressor cells.
AB  - Pretreatment of Lewis rats with a series of injections of a renal tubular antigen
      (RTA) in IFA prevented induction of Heymann's nephritis (HN) when the rats were
      challenged with RTA in FCA. This absence of disease was confirmed by
      immunofluorescent staining for rat IgG and histologic examination of the kidneys
      as well as by lack of development of significant proteinuria. Passive transfer of
      spleen and lymph node cells from rats receiving such pretreatment into syngeneic
      recipients prevented induction of HN when these recipients were challenged with
      RTA in FCA. Passive transfer of serum obtained from pretreated rats was without
      effect. These results suggest that one of the mechanisms involved in preventing
      HN by this pretreatment regimen was the induction of suppressor cells. The
      results of spleen cell transformation indicated that the suppressor cells were
      specific for RTA as the immune response to a second antigen, PPD, was unaffected.
      When rats already had active early HN, the diseas course was unaffected by
      transfer of suppressor cells.

PMID- 376702
TI  - T cell helper defect in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Purified peripheral blood T lymphocytes from normal donors were shown to help
      allogeneic tonsillar B cells to differentiate and secrete specific anti-SRBC
      antibody in vitro in a plaque-forming assay. Utilizing this system, a comparison
      was made between the allogeneic helper activity generated by the T cells of
      normal individuals and patients with various disease states. Allogeneic helper
      activity was absent when T lymphocytes from patients with CLL were used.
      Conversely, relatively normal allogeneic helper function was provided by T cells
      of patients with a variety of other disorders studied. Thus, a functional
      deficiency was identified in CLL patients in the subpopulation of regulatory T
      cells responsible for providing helper activity in allogeneic interactions.

PMID- 376704
TI  - The immunochemistry of antibodies sharing concanavalin A's anti-mannosyl binding
      specificity.
AB  - Procedures were developed for the synthesis of the disaccharide hapten, p
      isothiocyanatophenyl 2-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside, and for
      its conjugation to hemocyanin. The synthetic carbohydrate: protein antigen was
      then emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant and injected into the footpads of
      New Zealand White rabbits. A population of the resulting anti-conjugate
      antibodies displayed some binding properties analogous to concanavalin A, the
      carbohydrate-binding protein of the jack bean. The antisera weakly percipitated
      mannans from Saccharomyces rouxii, S. cerevisiae, and an alpha-(1 leads to 3)
      mannopyranosyl transferase-deficient mutant from Kluyveromyces lactis Y58a. These
      polysaccharides, possessing side chains containing terminal alpha-(1 leads to 2)
      mannobiosyl residues, produce strong percipitation reactions with concanavalin A.
      In addition, various saccharides were tested for their ability to inhibit the
      interaction of anti-conjugate antisera with alpha-(1 leads to 2)-mannobiosyl
      containing polymers. p-Nitrophenyl 2-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-alpha-D
      mannopyranoside showed a strong complementarity for the binding sites of both the
      anti-conjugate antisera and concanavalin A. However, the antibody failed to bind
      a concanavalin A-reactive mouse fibrosarcoma or to stimulate mitogenesis of human
      peripheral lymphocytes.

PMID- 376703
TI  - Properties of murine leukemia-associated suppressor cells. I. Preferential
      suppression of thymus-dependent antibody responses and the requirement for
      syngeneity in the K region of the H-2 complex.

PMID- 376705
TI  - Immunoadjuvant treatment of primary grafted and spontaneous AKR-leukemia. I.
      Treatment efficiency correlated to autoimmune reactivity.
AB  - Young AKR mice grafted i.v. with 10(1) or 10(3) cells from spontaneous AKR
      thymomas were treated with repeated i.v. injections of BCG or subcutaneous
      injections of irradiated AKR thymoma cells. BCG often cured mice from graft
      leukemia, whereas the effect of irradiated thymoma cells was less effective. Mice
      that did not develop graft-leukemia after graft of 10(1) leukemia cells and BCG
      treatment showed a spontaneous leukemia in 30% of the cases later. Ninety percent
      of nongrafted mice developed spontaneous leukemia whether BCG-treated or not.
      General immune reactivity as assessed in individual mice by T and B lymphocyte
      mitogen tests as well as the hemolytic plaque-forming cell assay had no clear
      correlation to the effects of immune adjuvants in respect to survival. In
      contrast, occurrence of self-directed immune reactions were clearly correlated to
      survival and cure of grafted and BCG-treated mice as revealed by assays both in
      vitro and in vivo. However, 13 to 25% of the mice apparently cured of leukemia
      developed a wasting-like syndrome that sometimes terminated in death. The
      immplications of self-directed immune reactions as mediators of the anti
      neoplastic effects of immunoadjuvants.

PMID- 376707
TI  - Lymphocyte function in experimental African trypanosomiasis. II. Splenic
      suppressor cell activity.

PMID- 376706
TI  - Immunoadjuvant treatment of primary grafted and spontaneous AKR-leukemia. II. In
      vitro cytotoxicity of lymphoid cells against normal and malignant syngeneic cells
      and against normal allogeneic cells.

PMID- 376708
TI  - Secretory component: interactions with intracellular and surface immunoglobulins
      of human lymphoid cells.
AB  - Unstimulated and PWM-stimulated lymphocytes from normal human peripheral blood,
      cord blood, peripheral blood of patients with panhypogammaglobulinemia and
      selective IgA deficiency, as well as human lymphoblastoid cell lines were
      examined for their ability to bind secretory component (SC) on the surface and in
      the cytoplasm. SC binding was not detected on the cell surface at any stage of
      differentiation in these cells. However, binding of SC was detected in the
      cytoplasm of 2.3% of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured in the presence
      of PWM for 6 to 7 days, and in two IgA producing lymphoblastoid cell lines. The
      capability of lymphoid cells to bind SC was not concurrent with J chain
      production. Although IgA was detected in the cytoplasm of PWM-stimulated
      lymphocytes from IgA-deficient patients, these cells did not bind SC. The failure
      to detect surface receptors indicates that SC is not a probable factor
      determining the homing of IgA precursor cells into exocrine tissues.

PMID- 376709
TI  - Lack of responsiveness of C3H/HeJ macrophages to lipopolysaccharide: the cellular
      basis of LPS-stimulated metabolism.
AB  - The rate of glucose utilization has been used as a measure of LPS-induced
      activation of cultures of C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ spleen cells, peritoneal cells, and
      purified peritoneal adherent cells. Peritoneal cells utilized 40 to 60 times more
      glucose than did spleen cells and purified adherent monolayers were more active
      than mixed peritoneal cells, suggesting that only macrophage metabolism was being
      measured. The cell preparations for C3H/HeJ mice were not activated by
      Escherichia coli K235 LPS prepared by extensive phenol extraction, whereas
      C3H/HeN cells were activated by the LPS. Cells from both strains were activated
      by a commercially obtained E. coli 0111:B4 LPS and butanol-extracted K235 LPS.
      The addition of 10% C3H/HeN spleen cells to C3H/HeJ peritoneal cells resulted in
      a marked enhancement of glucose utilization. These findings suggest that LPS
      induced enhancement of macrophage metabolism occurs both by direct action of LPS
      on macrophages as well as indirectly through activated lymphocytes.

PMID- 376710
TI  - Functional activation of immune lymphocytes by antigenic stimulation in cell
      mediated immunity. IV. Role of macrophage and its soluble factor in antigen
      induced MIF production of immune T lymphocytes.
AB  - Histocompatibility-linked restriction of macrophage-T lymphocyte interaction in
      antigen-induced MIF production by sensitized lymphocytes was examined, by using
      combinations of inbred strain 2, strain 13, and JY-1 guinea pigs. The effective
      interaction of the antigen-bearing macrophages with the immune T lymphocytes was
      observed when the donor of the antigen-bearing macrophages and that of the immune
      lymphocytes shared Ia antigens of the major histocompatibility complex.
      Identities of B antigens and S antigens were not important for this cooperation.
      It was further demonstrated that the previously reported soluble factor derived
      from LPS-stimulated peritoneal adherent cells (macrophages) could help antigenic
      activation of the immune lymphocytes across the strain barrier provided a small
      number of macrophages (0.01%) from syngeneic strain were present. These results
      show that the presence of macrophages is absolutely required to present antigen
      to immune T lymphocytes in a genetically restricted manner and the soluble factor
      from macrophages appears to give a nonspecific effect on the lymphocyte
      activation in addition to or in collaboration with antigenic stimulation.

PMID- 376711
TI  - Relationship between antibody affinity and hemolytic plaque diameter. I. Purified
      anti-DNP antibody.

PMID- 376712
TI  - Kinetic studies of cell migration in a modified Boyden chamber: dependence on
      cell concentration and effects of the chymotrypsin-like cationic protein of human
      granulocytes.
AB  - Migration of PMN cells was measure kinetically by the "leading front" method in a
      modified Boyden chamber. In some experiments, release of lactoferrin and of
      chymotrypsin-like cationic protein were measured simultaneously. Migration, both
      directed and random, was increased by increased cell concentration. Kinetically,
      directed migration consisted of two phases. The second phase was more influenced
      by the cell concentration. Preincubation of the cells with low concentrations of
      chymotrypsin-like cationic protein stimulated cell migration in the same way as
      did high cell concentrations, i.e., by primarily affecting the second phase. The
      effect of chymotrypsin-like cationic protein was time and dose dependent and
      dependent on the chymotrypsin-like activity of the protein. At high
      concentrations of protein, the cells were immobilized. Release of granular
      proteins did not take place during the first phase of migration but was parallel
      to the second phase. It is concluded that chymotrypsin-like cationic protein
      might be one of the substances responsible for the effect of cell concentration
      seen on migration in vitro.

PMID- 376713
TI  - Cell differentiation in the presence of cytochalasin B: studies on the "switch"
      to IgG secretion after polyclonal B cell activation.
AB  - Mouse spleen cells were cultured with lipopolysaccharide in conditions that
      activate both IgM and IgG secretion. Addition of cytochalasin B (CB), an
      inhibitor of cytokinesis, lead to a high degree of polynucleation, with little
      effect on Ig secretion. Using cytoplasmic staining with fluorochrome conjugated
      antisera, we determined the numbers of IgG-containing cells that also contained
      IgM in their cytoplasm. Such double staining cells were relatively more frequent
      at early times of the cultures, but at all times single producing cells were in
      the majority. Addition of CB over the period when the IgG producing cells first
      appear, lead to a marked increased frequency of double staining, polynucleated
      cells. This characteristic was stable over a period of at least 42 hr, suggesting
      that each double staining cell actively synthesized both isotypes. When CB was
      added after IgG production had started, little increase in the numbers of double
      staining cells were observed, although polynucleation remained extensive. These
      data confirm previous findings that the lineage of one cell can produce both IgM
      and IgG. Furthermore, the results suggest that cells in the process of switching
      from IgM to IgG go through an asymmetric division leading to one IgM-producing
      and one IgG-producing daughter cell.

PMID- 376714
TI  - Lipid synthesis: an indicator of antigen-induced signal transduction in antigen
      binding cells.
AB  - A biochemical parameter of lymphocyte activation, lipid synthesis, has been
      measured in a purified specific antigen-binding cell population (ABC). ABC
      isolated form immune and nonimmune animals by sequential centrifugation on
      buoyant density and sedimentation velocity gradients have a 2- to 7-fold higher
      rate of 14-C choline incorporation into phospholipid than either unfractionated
      spleen cells or cells depleted of ABC. Aslo ABC from immune animals were shown to
      have a 4- to 7-fold higher rate of 14C-acetate incorporation into their neutral
      lipids than nonbinding controls. The elevated lipid synthesis seen in both
      nonimmune SRBC-ABC and TNP-SRBC ABC indicates that antigenic contact via the B
      cell immunoglobulin receptor results in signal transduction and activation of the
      specific receptor-bearing lymphocyte population. Binding of the same particle
      (SRBC) to B cells via their Fc receptors did not regularly result in activation
      of lipid synthesis. The magnitude of the increased lipid synthesis in ABC
      populations approached that seen in LPS-stimulated spleen cells. We propose that
      the measurement of early activation events in purified ABC may be a more
      appropriate criterion for antigen-induced signals that later events such as
      thymidine incorporation or antibody secretion.

PMID- 376715
TI  - Further studies on the activation of lymphocytes by endotoxin protein.
AB  - Endotoxin protein, an outer membrane protein of Gram-negative bacteria associated
      with lipopolysaccharide endotoxin, has been found to be a potent activator of
      lymphocytes. In the absence of T lymphocytes and macrophages, endotoxin protein
      can stimulate murine B lymphocytes to synthesize DNA and produce antibodies of
      diverse specificities. This stimulation is greater than that obtained with two
      well known murine B cell activators, lipopolysaccharide endotoxin or PPD
      tuberculin. Splenic lymphocytes from other species, such as rats, rabbits, and
      guinea pigs also proliferate when cultured with endotoxin protein. Of particular
      significance is the finding that endotoxin protein is an activator of human
      peripheral blood lymphocytes.

PMID- 376716
TI  - 3H-5-uridine incorporation by small lymphocytes from transplantation-tolerant and
      tolerance-reversed rats.

PMID- 376717
TI  - Synergy between T cell-replacing factor and bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
      in the primary antibody response in vitro: a model for lipopolysaccharide
      adjuvant action.
AB  - Unfractionated spleen cells, B cells from normal mice, and nu/nu spleen cells
      respond to the addition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and T-cell
      replacing factor (TRF) by production of plaque-forming cells (PFC) in excess of
      the number expected from the addition of LPS and TRF separately. This synergistic
      activity is dependent on the presence of the antigen, SRBC. Supernatants of both
      allogeneic spleen cell mixtures and spleen cells cultured with Con A are
      effective and synergize best at concentrations suboptimal for their ability to
      act as TRF alone. Culture supernatants of unstimulated normal or fractionated
      cell populations are ineffective. Synergy is not dependent on the presence of
      macrophages in the cultures. Purified LPS free from active contaminants, as well
      as commercially available LPS, show synergy with TRF. Synergy was seen when TRF
      was added at initiation of culture or 24 hr later. It is suggested that synergy
      is the equivalent of LPS adjuvant activity, that the role of T cells in LPS
      adjuvanticity is that of a conventional cooperating cell, and the LPS acts as an
      adjuvant by inducing B cells to become more sensitive to T cell helper factors.

PMID- 376718
TI  - Many bacterial species bind human IgD.
AB  - Forty-four bacterial strains belonging to 19 species were tested for their IgD
      binding capacity by incubation with radiolabeled human IgD. A high binding of IgD
      to Neisseria catarrhalis and Hemophilus influenzae and a moderate binding of IgD
      to streptococci of the groups A, C, and G were found. Two strains of N.
      catarrhalis were tested for their ability to bind selectively the IgD in normal
      pooled serum and in three serum samples with IgD M components and were found to
      possess this property. Binding studies with radiolabeled IgD Fab and Fc fragments
      indicated that the binding mainly but not exclusively involves the CH1 region of
      the IgD molecule.

PMID- 376719
TI  - Reduced responsiveness of immature B cells to the B cell mitogen, lipoprotein.
AB  - When pre-B cells are isolated from bone marrow and incubated in vitro for several
      days, they spontaneously differentiate into LPS-reactive B cells. These newly
      produced B cells do not respond to another B cell mitogen, lipoprotein (Lp). The
      lack of Lp reactivity of newly produced B cells represents a qualitative
      difference between these cells and B cells in peripheral tissues that respond
      equally well to both LPS and Lp. Thus, responsiveness to different mitogens
      provides unique markers to identify B cells at early stages of development.

PMID- 376720
TI  - Defective tumoricidal capacity of macrophages from A/J mice. I. Characterization
      of the macrophage cytotoxic defect after in vivo and in vitro activation stimuli.
AB  - Macrophages from A/J mice fail to develop tumoricidal activity after any of
      several in vivo or in vitro treatments that activate cells from C3H/HeN mice.
      Peritoneal macrophages from A/J mice treated i.p. with viable Mycobacterium
      bovis, strain BCG, killed Corynebacterium parvum, or pyran copolymer fail to
      develop in vitro tumoricidal activity; varying the numbers of macrophages from
      treated mice added to target cells, or the dose and time of treatment, or the
      treatment schedule of these in vivo activation stimuli did not evoke cytotoxic
      activity. Moreover, cytotoxic activity by macrophages from A/J mice was not
      observed with any of four target cell lines derived from three different mouse
      strains.  In vitro treatment of peritoneal exudate macrophages from A/J mice with
      lymphokine-rich supernatants, bacterial endotoxins, or T cell mitogens was also
      ineffective; varying the numbers of treated macrophages added to target cells,
      the dose of in vitro activation stimuli, or the time of treatment did not evoke
      cytotoxic activity. Thus, A/J mice exhibit a profound defect in macrophage
      tumoricidal capacity to both in vivo and in vitro activation stimuli over a wide
      range of experimental conditions.

PMID- 376721
TI  - Defective tumoricidal capacity of macrophages from A/J mice. II. Comparison of
      the macrophage cytotoxic defect of A/J mice with that of lipid A-unresponsive
      C3H/HeJ mice.

PMID- 376723
TI  - In vitro killing of schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni by BCG and C. parvum
      activated macrophages.
AB  - Resistance to Schistosoma mansoni infection in the mouse has been induced either
      specifically by a primary infection with this parasite or nonspecifically by a
      variety of immunostimulants such as BCG. In the present study we developed an in
      vitro system to examine the effector mechanism of nonspecifically induced
      resistance. Activated macrophage monolayers obtained from BCG- or Corynebacterium
      parvum treated mice killed a respective mean 32 +/- 6% and 48 +/- 5% of
      schistosomula after 24 hr incubation. The killing of the parasites was verified
      by their inability to mature to adult worms upon injection into normal mice. The
      activated macrophage-mediated killing was related to cell:parasite ratio, and was
      partially lost if the macrophage monolayers were kept in cultures for 24 hr
      before incubation with the organism. Supernatants of macrophages cultured in the
      presence of schistosomula killed a mean of 51 +/- 3% of the organisms whereas
      those from cells cultured alone resulted in a mean killing of 25 +/- 3%.
      Furthermore, toxic supernatants could be generated equally well on incubation
      with S. mansoni schistosomula or Trichinella spiralis larvae. Our data show that
      activated macrophage monolayers through soluble mediators destroy a significant
      proportion of the multicellular parasite S. mansoni schistosomula in vitro.

PMID- 376722
TI  - Immune response to levan. II. T independence of suppression of cross-reactive
      idiotypes by anti-idiotype antibodies.
AB  - Pretreatment of BALB/c mice with antisera to a cross-reactive idiotype (E109IdX)
      expressed on many anti-bacterial levan (BL) and anti-inulin (Inu) antibodies
      leads to a prolonged suppression in production of IdX-bearing molecules in
      response to BL immunization. There is a comparable suppression in numbers of
      plaque-forming cells secreting IdX-bearing anti-BL and anti-Inu molecules.
      Furthermore, spleen cells from anti-E109IdX pretreated mice are unable to
      transfer to irradiated recipients the ability to produce IdX-bearing anti-BL and
      anti-Inu antibodies. These results indicate that the suppressive effect is at the
      precursor level and not simply a clearance of antibodies bearing the IdX.
      Suppression of IdX production can be achieved by pretreating nu/nu BALB/c mice
      with anti-E109IdX antibodies. Furthermore, spleen cells from pretreated mice do
      not inhibit the capacity of spleen cells from normal mice transferred to
      irradiated recipients to produce E109IdX in response to BL. This indicates that
      the suppression of IdX production in the anti-BL system is T independent and
      probably represents direct inhibition of precursors by anti-IdX.

PMID- 376724
TI  - Immunoregulatory circuits among T cell sets: effect of mode of immunization on
      determining which Lyl T cell sets will be activated.
AB  - Lyl T cells are able to induce B cells to make antibody and also to induce a
      resting Lyl23 T cell set to exert potent feedback suppression. Which of these two
      pathways Lyl T cells take can be influenced by the mode of immunization. In
      particular, in vitro immunized Lyl T cells are more likely to induce suppression
      than are Lyl T cells immunized in vivo even when both populations deliver the
      same amount of help to purified B cells. The feedback suppression induced by the
      Lyl T cells immunized in vitro can be distinguished from suppression mediated by
      Ly2+ T cells; in the former case suppression is preceded by a precocious antibody
      response, whereas suppression mediated by Ly2+ T cells is apparent throughout the
      entire period of observation.

PMID- 376725
TI  - Carrier-specific immune memory to a thymus-independent antigen in congenitally
      athymic mice.
AB  - Immune memory to the DNP epitope coupled to a nonmitogenic thymus-independent
      carrier, Ficoll, was demonstrated in congenitally athymic outbred Swiss mice.
      Strong IgM and modest IgG components of this memory were detected. Moreover, this
      memory was carrier specific since it was elicitable only when DNP-Ficoll primed
      mice were challenged with DNP-Ficoll and not when similarly primed mice were
      challenged with DNP coupled to pneumococcal polysaccharide or to keyhole limpet
      hemocyanin. Ficoll primed mice also demonstrated a memory response when
      challenged with DNP-Ficoll. These findings indicate that a non-T cell, presumably
      a B cell, is capable of recognizing the carrier epitopes of this thymus
      independent hapten-carrier complex. Unlike their athymic counterparts, euthymic
      mice of the same genetic background failed to demonstrate the IgM component of
      this memory, but they did demonstrate modest carrier-specific IgG memory. These
      results strongly suggest that suppressor T cells are either directly or
      indirectly important in regulating the IgM memory response of these mice to DNP
      Ficoll. Indirect regulation could possibly occur via an antibody-mediated
      specific immune suppression mechanism.

PMID- 376726
TI  - B cell heterogeneity. I. A study of B cell subpopulations involved in the
      reconstitution of an X-linked immune defect of B cell differentiation.

PMID- 376727
TI  - Antibody penetration into living cells. II. Anti-ribonucleoprotein IgG penetrates
      into Tgamma lymphocytes causing their deletion and the abrogation of suppressor
      function.
AB  - We have previously shown that an anti-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) IgG can penetrate
      into live human mononuclear cells (MNC) having receptors for the Fc portion of
      IgG. Because T cells with such receptors (Tgamma cells) seem to behave as
      suppressor cells in immune regulation and because this suppressor function is
      diminished in diseases where antinuclear antibodies appear, we considered the
      possibility that antinuclear IgG antibody could penetrate Tgamma cells and affect
      them. Herein we show that fluorescein-labeled anti-RNP IgG can penetrate into
      Tgamma cells, enriched by either mitogenic stimulation or separation with a
      subpopulation of T cells with low affinity for sheep erythrocytes. Incubation of
      MNC with anti-RNP IgG before carrying out the separation procedures resulted in
      apparent loss of Tgamma cells at the end of separation. To confirm that deletion
      had actually occurred, we performed a cytotoxicity assay using 51Cr-labeled T
      cells. Anti-RNP IgG had a significantly higher cytotoxic effect that normal IgG
      on T cells, particularly on those with low affinity for sheep erythrocytes that
      include most Tgamma cells. Suppressor cell function studied in a system where it
      was expanded, by either 7-day culture or incubation with concanavalin A, and
      detected in a reverse plaque-forming cell assay with rabbit anti-human
      immunoglobulin-developing antibody was found to be abrogated by the addition of
      anti-RNP IgG to the suppressor function-expanding cultures. Controls in Ig-free
      medium, or medium supplemented with normal human IgG, aggregated normal human
      IgG, BSA-anti-BSA immune complexes, or F(ab')2 fragments of the anti-RNP IgG, did
      not abrogate suppressor cell function. This indicates that the abrogation of
      suppressor cell function by anti-RNP IgG is due to its penetration into Tgamma
      cells. Suppressor cell loss and/or dysfunction caused by penetration of
      antinuclear antibodies into Tgamma cells may lead to the self-perpetuation of
      autoimmune disease.

PMID- 376728
TI  - Production and characterization of DR xenoantisera: use for detection of serum DR
      antigens.
AB  - Immunoadsorbents consisting of rabbit anti-DR antibodies bound to Staphylococcus
      aureus were used to bind DR antigens from NP40 cellular extracts of cultured B
      lymphoid cells. When injected into rabbits, these DR antibody absorbents elicited
      the production of antibodies that were shown by both serologic and immunochemical
      techniques to react specifically with the DR antigen molecule. A rosette
      inhibition assay with B lymphoid cells and anti-DR xenoantisera was used to
      detect DR antigens in human serum. DR serum antigens could be found in an
      enriched preparation of serum lipoproteins obtained by centrifugation in KBr. In
      addition, sera from some patients with neoplastic diseases contained higher
      levels of DR serum antigens than those found in normal individuals.

PMID- 376729
TI  - Enhancing role of IgG in lysis of rabbit erythrocytes by the alternative pathway
      of human complement.

PMID- 376730
TI  - Changes in surface immunoglobulin isotypes on purified antigen-binding cells
      after antigenic stimulation.

PMID- 376731
TI  - Slow reacting substance (SRS) from ionophore A23187-stimulated peritoneal mast
      cells of the normal rat. II. Evidence for a precursor role of arachidonic acid
      and further purification.
AB  - The generation of slow reacting substance (SRS) from ionophore A23187-stimulated
      rat peritoneal mast cells was enhanced by arachidonic acid (AA). This SRS
      generation was inhibited by 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), an acetylenic
      analogue of AA and an inhibitor of both fatty acid cyclooxygenase and
      lipoxygenase. Indomethacin, a fatty acid cyclooxgenase inhibitor, had an
      enhancing effect upon SRS generation. This suggests SRS generation occurred
      through an ETYA sensitive step--perhaps a lipoxygenase. Radiolabel from [14C]-AA
      was incorporated into SRS with comigration of radioactivity and bioreactivity in
      silicic acid and thin layer chromatographies. Upon silicic acid chromatography,
      the active principle was eluted in the methanol fraction. Two-dimensional thin
      layer chromatography revealed chromatographic separation from other known
      spasmogenic substances and phospholipids. Mast cell SRS was found to display
      physiochemical properties similar to those of rat basophilic leukemia cell SRS,
      namely: that mast cell SRS generation was 1) enhanced by arachidonic acid; 2)
      inhibited by ETYA but not by indomethacin; 3) incorporation of [14C]-AA into the
      active principle; and 4) similar behavior during purification in silicic acid and
      thin layer chromatographies.

PMID- 376733
TI  - Circulating and tissue-bound immune complex formation in murine malaria.
AB  - Immune complex formation during Plasmodium berghei infection of OF1 mice was
      investigated. Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were detected by the Clg-binding
      assay and the conglutinin-binding solid-phase assay in lethal or drug-limited
      infections. CIC appeared on day 9 of infection, peaked on day 11, and disappeared
      only after complete cure of the infection. Analysis of the immune complexes
      detected by the Clq-binding assay revealed the following characteristics:
      sedimentation coefficients of 13S to 21S, resistance to DNAse, and selective
      removal by filtration through protein A bound to Sepharose. Glomerular deposits
      of IgM preceded the appearance of CIC, whereas deposits of IgG and C3 were
      concomitant with the appearance of CIC. Tissue-bound immunoglobulins were also
      found in the choroid plexus. The appearance of anti-malarial antibodies and
      malarial antigens in the serum was closely associated with a depression of C3
      levels and the presence of CIC. Drug treatment was followed by normalization of
      C3 levels, and clearance of both CIC and malarial antigens.

PMID- 376734
TI  - Shared idiotypes of human peripheral blood B and T lymphocytes.
AB  - In a patient with an IgG lambda monoclonal serum component possessing anti
      streptolysin O activity, we have demonstrated peripheral blood B and T
      lymphocytes with shared or similar idiotypes. The idiotypic T lymphocyte membrane
      structure was capable of binding the specific antigen (SLO). After
      radioiodination and subsequent detergent solubilization of the same T cell
      population, immunoprecipitation of the lysate by employing anti-idiotypic
      antibodies, resulted in the isolation of a polypeptide chain with a m.w. of
      70,000 on SDS polyacrylamide gels under reducing conditions. The polypeptide
      expressed no isotypic immunoglobulin markers. Internal labeling experiments
      indicated that this membrane structure was actively synthesized by the T
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 376732
TI  - IgM rheumatoid factors in mice injected with bacterial lipopolysaccharides.
AB  - Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced the formation of IgM rheumatoid
      factors (RF) in several strains of mice including athymic C57BL/6 nude mice, but
      not in the LPS-resistant C3H/HeJ mice. The RF induced by LPS reacted not only
      with murine IgG but also with IgG from cows, goats, guinea pigs, and humans. The
      kinetics of this RF response to injection of LPS were similar to those of
      antibody response against DNA and a hapten, dinitrophenyl (DNP), and to those of
      total IgM production. In addition, the RF activity of individual serum samples
      correlated significantly with levels of anti-DNA and anti-DNP antibodies and of
      IgM. Therefore, it is concluded that the induction of RF results from polyclonal
      antibody synthesis by B cells stimulated with LPS. This observation suggests that
      LPS or LPS-like substances may help to generate RF in patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis or with some infectious diseases.

PMID- 376735
TI  - Expression of MHC antigens by mouse thymic dendritic cells.
AB  - Thymic epithelial cells express MHC antigens in several different patterns. I-A
      is present throughout the thymic cortex on dendritic cells. The remainder of the
      I region and H-2K/D are expressed on dendritic cells apparently only variably in
      the cortex (at least in some haplotypes). All MHC antigens tested are present in
      the medulla on epithelial cells; expression on medullary lymphocytes cannot be
      evaluated. Monoclonal anti-MHC antibodies confirm these results. The significance
      of these findings to T cell maturation is discussed.

PMID- 376737
TI  - T cell regulation of polyclonal B cell responsiveness. I. Helper effects of T
      cells.
AB  - Polyclonal activation of murine splenic B lymphocytes to secrete immunoglobulin
      was shown to be subject to regulation by splenic T cells. By admixture of
      separated B and T cell populations it was demonstrated that normal fresh splenic
      T cells were able to augment polyclonal B cell responsiveness to LPS up to
      several-fold. Optimal collaboration between these two cell types ensued when they
      were co-cultured in equal numbers. T cell-mediated enhancement of polyclonal B
      cell responses was dependent upon the ability of T cells to divide and was
      manifested upon T cell interaction with B cells soon after culture initiation.
      Originally expounded as a one-signal phenomenon, polyclonal activation of
      lymphocytes by LPS is, under the circumstances described, attributable instead to
      two distinct, nonspecific signals acting in concert. The observation that T cells
      from LPS-nonresponder (C3H/HeJ) mice were deficient in the capacity to enhance
      polyclonal B cell responsiveness of B cells derived from responder (C3H/HeN) mice
      implied a direct action of LPS on the involved T cells as well as an active role
      for the T cell signal in this immunoregulatory event. The novel observation of a
      functional T cell defect in LPS responsiveness in the C3H/HeJ mouse is discussed
      in terms of its other cellular defects.

PMID- 376736
TI  - Natural killer cells, bone, and the bone marrow: studies in estrogen-treated mice
      and in congenitally osteopetrotic (mi/mi) mice.
AB  - Mice lose natural killer cells after 6 weeks of treatment with 17 beta-estradiol.
      We here demonstrate that the same protocol leads to loss of genetic resistance to
      bone marrow transplantation and to significant osteoproliferation with loss of
      bone marrow. We also show that mice with reduced marrow because of congenital
      osteopetrosis are deficient in natural killing. These findings are consistent
      with previous evidence that natural killing and genetic resistance to bone marrow
      transplantation are dependent upon the marrow. Temporal studies of bone histology
      and radiology during and after treatment with estrogen reveal that alterations in
      natural killing proceed more rapidly than changes in bone marrow volume. These
      studies also demonstrate that estrogens induce osteoproliferation only at
      endosteal surfaces that are adjacent to hematopoietic marrow. From these
      observations, we conclude that estrogens do not reduce natural killer cells
      simply by reducing the volume of bone marrow. Estrogens may instead have an
      effect on bone marrow. Estrogens may instead have an effect on bone marrow cells
      that leads both to osteoproliferation and to a deficiency of marrow-dependent
      cells.

PMID- 376738
TI  - Presidential address to the sixty-sixth annual meeting of the American
      Association of Immunologists in Dallas, April 8, 1979, in honor of its first
      president, Dr. Gerald B. Webb. Beyond cellular immunology.

PMID- 376739
TI  - Single mouse cells producing two antibody molecules and giving rise to antigen
      driven intraclonal variation after immunization with two unrelated antigens.

PMID- 376740
TI  - Soluble factors containing Thy-1 antigen shed from lymphoblastoid cells modulate
      in vitro plaque-forming cell response.

PMID- 376742
TI  - Evidence that natural cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
      are mediated in humans by the same effector cell populations.
AB  - The present study strongly suggests that, in humans, natural killer (NK) activity
      and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) are mediated by the same
      effector cell population. This is supported by two different experimental
      approaches. First, competition for NK effector cells was accompanied by
      simultaneous inhibition of ADCC activity. Target cells sensitive to NK activity
      were capable of inhibiting specifically an ADCC assay in cold target competition
      experiments. Second, specific removal of NK cells on monolayers formed by target
      cells sensitive to NK activity caused simultaneous depletion of ADCC effector
      cells. In association with the removal on the monolayers of effector cells for
      ADCC as well as NK activity, we also found a significant depletion of cells
      bearing Fc gamma receptors.

PMID- 376741
TI  - Analysis of B cell activation requirements with TNP-conjugated polyacrylamide
      beads.

PMID- 376744
TI  - Changes in receptor isotype and T/B ratio in an antigen-binding cell population
      after in vitro immunization.

PMID- 376745
TI  - X-linked B lymphocyte defect in CBA/N mice. IV. Cellular and environmental
      influences on the thymus dependent IgG anti-sheep red blood cell response.

PMID- 376743
TI  - Allogeneic marrow transplantation after total lymphoid irradiation (TLI): effect
      of dose/fraction, thymic irradiation, delayed marrow infusion, and
      presensitization.
AB  - BALB/c mice infused with 30 x 10(6) C57BL/Ka bone marrow (BM) cells 1 day after
      treatment with fractionated total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) (17 fractions of 200
      rads each) became stable mixed chimeras without clinical graft-vs-host disease
      (GVHD). Mice given 18 fractions of 100, 50, or 25 rads each followed 1 day later
      by C57BL/Ka BM did not become chimeric, indicating that a critical cumulative
      radiation dose is required for this effect. Animals given TLI with lead shielding
      placed over the thymus also developed stable chimerism without GVHD. Thus
      susceptibility to tolerance induction and protection from GVHD after TLI and
      allogeneic BM transplantation is not due to alteration of the thymic
      microenvironment by fractionated irradiation. A delay of 7 or 21 days between
      completion of TLI and BM administration resulted in a high incidence of graft
      rejection. Sensitization to minor histocompatibility antigens of the BM donor
      strain by blood transfusion either before or during TLI resulted in marrow graft
      rejection in a high percentage of animals.

PMID- 376746
TI  - Phenotypic and functional distinctions between the TH2+ and JRA+ T cell subsets
      in man.
AB  - Prior work has demonstrated the existence of distinct human peripheral blood T
      cell subsets by utilizing heterologous as well as autoimmune antisera. In the
      present study, the relationship between the TH2+ and JRA+ T cell subsets was
      examined. T cells were purified with Sephadex G-200 anti-F(ab)2' affinity
      chromatography and E-rosetting technique, and subsequently fractionated into TH2+
      and TH2- subsets by utilizing indirect immunofluorescence on FACS. Approximately
      40 to 45% of the TH2- subset was shown to be JRA+, whereas less than 5% of the
      TH2+ subset was JRA+. In reciprocal studies, T cells were fractionated into JRA+
      and JRA- subsets and reacted with heterologous antisera with anti-TH2+
      specificity and indirect immunofluorescence. FACS analysis demonstrated that the
      JRA+ population contained no TH2+ T cells. In contrast, the JRA- population
      contained TH2+ T cells and accounted for the entire TH2+ subset found in the
      unfractionated T cell population. Functional studies showed that the TH2+ subset,
      and not the JRA+ subset, contain the effector population for cell-mediated
      lympholysis. It is concluded that the TH2+ and JRA+ T cell subsets define
      distinct and different T cell populations in man.

PMID- 376748
TI  - A quantitative assay for low levels of IgM by solid-phase immunofluorescence.
AB  - A quantitative immunofluorescent assay capable of detecting between 15 and 1450
      ng of IgM on a strictly linear standard curve has been developed. The assay
      system is unique in that in vitro biosynthesized polyclonal IgM in culture
      supernatants can be quantitated with a minimal quantity of supernatant.
      Interference created by lectins and bead-surface interactions have been analyzed.
      This easily operated assay has been validated and is reliable. A very important
      feature of the system is the considerable cost reduction in comparsion with
      radiometric techniques.

PMID- 376747
TI  - A comparison of methods for obtaining high yields of pure immunoglobulin from
      severely haemolysed plasma.
AB  - Ammonium sulphate, DEAE ion exchange chromatography, and polyethylene glycol
      (PEG) were compared for their ability to isolate and purify large quantities of
      immunoglobulins from severely haemolysed plasma. PEG, which produced the highest
      yield and purity, proved to be the only method which completely removed the
      haemoglobin.

PMID- 376749
TI  - A microculture system for generating haemolytic antibody responses from human
      tonsillar lymphocytes.
AB  - Small numbers of Ficoll-Hypaque purified human tonsillar lymphocytes were
      stimulated with PWM to produce SRBC-specific PFC in a microculture system. The
      magnitude of the response varied among different tonsils but was typically
      between 200 and 1000 PFC/10(6) cells cultured. Little or no response was observed
      in the absence of PWM. SRBC failed to stimulate a SRBC-specific response and the
      presence of this antigen in PWM-stimulated cultures depressed the response. The
      time of the maximum response was inversely related to the number of cells
      cultured. In addition, the duration of the response was limited by rapid
      depletion of critical medium requirements and/or build up of inhibitory factors
      especially when the cell concentration exceeded 5 x 10(5) cells/culture. This
      effect could be partially overcome by daily feeding of cultures with fresh
      medium. Fractionation studies indicated a requirement for both T and B cell
      populations. Constant efficiency of PFC production with respect to cell number
      could be achieved by the addition of inactivated autologous 'filler' cells. The
      significance of these results and applicability of the microculture system to a
      detailed analysis of human antibody responses will be discussed.

PMID- 376750
TI  - An autoradiographic microtechnique to study lymphocyte stimulation in solid
      cultures.
AB  - A microtechnique to study lymphocyte stimulation in solid cultures by
      autoradiography is described. Using this technique at a concentration of 2 x
      10(6) lymphocytes/chamber, it was found that the percentage of proliferating
      cells was 8.4% with anti-lymphocyte serum, 3.9% with calcium ionophore A23187,
      2.5% with phytohemagglutinin P, 5.8% with phytohemagglutinin HA17 and 4.2% with
      tetradecanoyl-phorbolacetate. Lymphocyte responses were dependent on cell
      concentration. Lymphocyte responses to phytohemagglutinins P and HA17 were
      potentiated by incorporation into the cultures of 5% autologous erythrocytes.

PMID- 376751
TI  - The bovine lymphoid system: binding and stimulation of peripheral blood
      lymphocytes by lectins.
AB  - We tested ability of 11 different lectins to stimulate DNA synthesis in bovine
      peripheral blood lymphocytes, using a wide range of experimental conditions. Five
      of the 6 lectins which induced DNA synthesis (concanavalin A, succinyl
      concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin M, pokeweed mitogens and lipopolysaccharide)
      did so under conditions similar to those optimal for stimulation of murine
      lymphocytes. The other lectin (peanut agglutinin) stimulated normal bovine
      lymphocytes whereas it does not stimulate normal mouse, rat, guinea pig or human
      lymphocytes. The binding of 5 different lectins to bovine peripheral blood
      lymphocytes was measured by fluorescence microscopy. Four of the lectins bound to
      various proportions of cells. Double labeling experiments using a rhodamine
      labeled goat anti-bovine immunoglobulin reagent and fluorescein-labeled lectins
      showed that both peanut agglutinin and soybean agglutinin bound to lymphocyte
      populations which were negative for surface immunoglobulin. The majority of
      lymphocytes negative for surface immunoglobulin bound peanut agglutinin,
      indicating that this lectin may bind specifically to bovine 'T' lymphocytes.

PMID- 376752
TI  - A sensitive hemolytic assay for mouse C3.
AB  - We have developed a sensitive hemolytic assay for mouse C3, utilizing readily
      available guinea pig complement components and standard techniques, which allows
      C3 to be detected in mouse serum diluted many thousand-fold. Mouse serum also
      contains a potent, relatively heat-stable C3-inactivator system, which is largely
      blocked by Suramin.

PMID- 376753
TI  - The ultrastructural localization of IgA deposits in chronic bullous disease of
      childhood (CBDC).
AB  - A case of bullous disease in a child with linear IgA immune deposits at the
      basement membrane zone and with some clinical, histological, and electron
      microscopic characteristics both of dermatitis herpetiformis and bullous
      pemphigoid, is described. The bulla formed between the basal lamina and basal
      cell membranes as in bullous pemphigoid, but at the same time there were numerous
      inflammatory cells in the dermis just below the partly destroyed basal lamina and
      also abundant fibrin deposits in very recent bulla and in the skin, all of which
      is rather characteristic of dermatitis herpetiformis. Ultrastructurally, the IgA
      deposits were located chiefly below the lamina basalis (the dermal type) but
      also, though less abundantly, in the lamina lucida, very much as we have seen
      them to be in adult cases with linear IgA immune deposits at the basement
      membrane zone. The investigations have supplied further evidence showing the
      chronic bullous disease of childhood to be actually a counterpart of the form in
      adults with the same linear localization of IgA deposits.

PMID- 376754
TI  - Comparison of different epithelial substrates useful for indirect
      immunofluorescence testing of sera from patients with active pemphigus.
AB  - A positive statistical correlation between intercellular antibody titer and
      disease severity was found for a group of 6 patients with active pemphigus
      vulgaris, irrespective of whether indirect IF testing was performed on 5
      different epithelial substrates which included guinea pig esophagus, human
      foreskin, rabbit esophagus, monkey esophagus and monkey lip. In a group of 4
      patients with pemphigus foliaceus a positive correlation between disease severity
      and titer was found only when rabbit esophagus was used for indirect fluorescence
      testing. In both groups of patients there were individual patients in whom the
      antibody titer was positive at a time when no disease was present and conversely,
      there were some patients in whom the antibody titer was negative at a time when
      extensive disease was present. Because of this inconsistency, the use of antibody
      titers to monitor disease activity and therapy in individual patients may not be
      justifiable.

PMID- 376755
TI  - Exfoliative cytological procedures as a nonintrusive method for
      dermatogerontological studies.
AB  - Exfoliative cytological procedures, based on the sticky slide and detergent scrub
      techniques, were used in the nonintrusive collection of horny cells from the skin
      surface of volunteers 20 to 30 yr of age and 65+ yr of age. These samples were
      analyzed with a variety of instruments, including a Magiscan image analyzer, a
      Vickers M-85 microspectrophotometer, and a Coulter electronic cell counter. The
      results indicate that age-associated changes in horny cells may be useful in
      monitoring objectively aging of skin and in assessing the impact of various
      environmental insults on aging.

PMID- 376756
TI  - Demonstration of antigenemia by radioimmunoassay in rabbits experimentally
      infected with Aspergillus.
AB  - Antigens were detected in the blood of rabbits infected with Aspergillus
      fumigatus by a solid-phase (tube) radioimmunoassay (RIA). The radiolabel for the
      assay was a polysaccharide-rich alkali extract (APAE) from the mycelia of A.
      fumigatus. Before this extract could be suitable labeled with 125I, it had to be
      conjugated with tyramine. Rabbits immunized with heat-killed mycelia had titers
      of antibody in serum of as high as 1:38,000 against this radiolabeled antigen.
      With unlabeled and unconjugated APAE as the standard antigen, the sensitivity of
      the RIA was 12 ng per test, or 500 ng/ml. Antigenemia was detectable by RIA three
      days after infection of rabbits with A. fumigatus. Blood cultures taken
      concomitantly were uniformly negative. These results indicate that antigenemia
      occurs in invasive aspergillus infection and in such cases can be detected by
      RIA. These observations may be important in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillus
      infections in humans.

PMID- 376758
TI  - Experimental viral infections of the temporal bone. I. Experimental otitis media
      due to vaccinia virus in hamsters.
AB  - Clinical and pathologic studies of patients with smallpox suggest that conductive
      hearing loss is a frequent complication of smallpox and that it is due to otitis
      media. A possible experimental model for this hearing loss has been developed by
      study of the pathogenesis of acute vaccinia virus infections of hamster middle
      ears. Infant hamsters developed severe necrotic otitis media, and vaccinia viral
      antigen was demonstrated by fluorescent antibody staining in large confluent
      areas of epithelial cells lining the middle ear. Juvenile hamsters developed a
      patchy, less severe infection of the middle ear, most of which present along the
      tympanic membrane and middle ear ossicles, Adult hamsters did not develop middle
      ear infection. These findings support the argument that variola (smallpox) virus
      can cause otitis media in humans and that viral infection of the middle ear may
      be the cause of hearing loss.

PMID- 376757
TI  - Prevention of colonization of the urinary tract of mice with Escherichia coli by
      blocking of bacterial adherence with methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside.
AB  - Methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside (alpha MM), a competitor inhibitor of the binding
      of mannose by Escherichia coli, was tested for its ability to prevent infection
      of the urinary tract of mice with infective strains of the organisms. Injection
      of the bacteria in the presence of the drug resulted in a considerable reduction
      in the number of bacteriuric mice. In this system alpha MM was inactive against
      Proteus mirabilis in accordance with its inability to inhibit the adherence of
      this organism to epithelial cells in vitro, and methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside
      proved inactive against both E. coli and P. mirabilis.

PMID- 376759
TI  - The incidence of Salmonella in random-source cats purchased for use in research.
AB  - In research facilities, cats are routinely ignored as a potential source of
      salmonella infection. Over a period of 18 months, 142 cats received from
      commercial vendors for use in research were screened for enteric Salmonella.
      Salmonella was isolated from 15 animals, an incidence of 10.6%. Five (29%) of the
      17 shipments contained animals that were positive for Salmonella. The serotypes
      isolated were Salmonella derby, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella anatum,
      Salmonella enteritidis, and Salmonella bredeney.

PMID- 376760
TI  - A nosocomial outbreak of infections due to multiply resistant Proteus mirabilis:
      role of intestinal colonization as a major reservoir.
AB  - An outbreak of nosocomial infections involving an unusual strain of multiply
      resistant Proteus mirabilis (phage type 8888) occurred in 15 patients, 14 of whom
      were in the surgical intensive care unit at that time. No common source of
      infection was identified, and person-to-person transmission was the most likely
      mode of spread. Case-control analysis indicated a significantly increased risk
      infection related to length of hospital stay (P less than 0.005), number of
      operations (P less than 0.005), proximity to another case (P less than 0.01),
      number of antibiotics received (P less than 0.02), and use of a respirator (P
      less than 0.01). Only the number of operations (P less than 0.01) and proximity
      to another case (P less than 0.05) remained significant risk factors when related
      parameters were controlled by multivariate analysis. Thirteen of 14 patients
      prospectively cultured were colonized by the epidemic organism in the intestinal
      tract, while rectal carriage preceded infection by the same strain in at least
      four patients. These data suggest that intestinal colonization may have been an
      important reservoir for this outbreak, and the findings may explain the unduly
      prolonged course of intrahospital spread as well as the difficulty encountered in
      the eradication and control of the outbreak.

PMID- 376761
TI  - [Roentgenological study of spina bifida occulta with neurological deficit
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 376762
TI  - [Experimental studies and application of micro-vascular anastomosis].

PMID- 376763
TI  - [Clinical studies on FT-207 enteric-coated granule--clinico-pharmacological
      evaluation and clinical experience (author's transl)].

PMID- 376764
TI  - [Investigation of Pd-Ag alloy for porcelain fusing. (Part 3) Mechanical
      properties (author's transl)].
AB  - The most suitable composition of Pd-Ag alloys added In and/or Sn for porcelain
      fusing was determined by means of the measurement of the mechanical properties
      (tensile strength, elongation and hardness). The results were summarized as
      follows: (1) This highest tensile strength was obtained when 5% In and 5% Sn, or
      10% Sn were added to the 60 Pd-40 Ag mother alloy, and it was about 52 kgf/mm2
      (570 MPa). (2) The effect of the addition of In and Sn to the tensile strength
      depended on the concentration of Pd and Ag. (3) The elongation increased with
      increase of the amount of Pd. (4) The Vickers hardness number of the alloys was
      ranged between 100 and 200. It increased with increase of Ag or Sn content. (5) 
      The most suitable compositions of Pd-Ag alloys for porcelain fusing deduced from
      the properties such as the bonding strength (in part 1), the thermal expansion
      coefficient (in part 2) and the mechanical properties (in this paper) were 60 Pd
      40 Ag or 64 Pd-36 Ag with addition of 4 Sn-6 In or 8 Sn-2 In. Some characteristic
      properties of these alloys were as follows; the bonding strength 220 kgf/cm2 (22
      MPa), thermal expansion coefficient 14.7 +/- 1x10(-6)/degrees C, thermal
      expansion hysteresis. 0.00 approximately 0.02%, tensile strength 51 kgf/mm2 (500
      MPa), elongation 5% and Vickers hardness number 160 approximately 190.

PMID- 376765
TI  - [Studies on Ni-Ta alloys. (Part 2) Age-hardening and metal-to-ceramic bonding
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Age-hardening and metal-to-ceramic bonding were studied on Ni-Ta alloy for dental
      application. In the first experiment, it was shown the precipitation-hardening
      was recognized in Ni-33 wt% Ta, Ni-34 wt% Ta except for Ni-30 wt% Ta. The
      precipitates were of a Widmamstatten type structure and appeared to be a
      intermetallic compound, namely Ni3Ta, from the results of X-ray diffraction
      (debyesherrer) despite of the close proximity of the diffraction patterns of Ni
      and Ni2Ta. In the second experiment, it was shown that the bonding strength was
      176 kg/cm2 for Ni-30 wt% Ta-ceramic system, compared with that of 222 kg/cm2 of
      Wiron S-ceramic system. The oxide layer was as wide as 3 approximately 5 micron
      at the Ni-30 wt% Ta-ceramic interface, in which high concentrations of Ni, Ta,
      and low concentrations of Al, Si were observed. The coefficient of thermal
      expansion, which was larger than that of porcelain, was 17.4 x 10(-6)/degrees C
      for Ni-30 wt% Ta.

PMID- 376766
TI  - Spastic ileus: a review.

PMID- 376767
TI  - Pharmacotherapy of diarrhea.

PMID- 376768
TI  - A critical review: will the Ames Salmonella assay system be used as a screen for
      presumptive carcinogens?

PMID- 376769
TI  - The Ames test as a predictive test for carcinogens.

PMID- 376772
TI  - Sorting out behaviour of disaggregated cells in the absence of morphogenesis in
      Dictyostelium discoideum.
AB  - Cells disaggregated from slugs of Dictyostelium discoideum were cultured in
      Bonner's salt solution in roller tubes. Cells rapidly stuck together to form an
      amorphous loose agglutinate which was later transformed into a spheroidal tight
      agglutinate surrounded by slime sheath material. Prespore cells in the loose
      agglutinate underwent partial dedifferentiation by starting to decompose their
      specific antigen until formation of the tight agglutinate, in which the antigen
      was resynthesized. During the process, there was some decrease in the proportion
      of prespore cells. Changes in the distribution of prespore and prestalk cells in
      the agglutinates were examined by using immunocytochemical staining. They were
      randomly distributed in the early agglutinates, but became well separated in 4 h
      agglutinates in such a way that prestalk cells were completely enveloped by
      prespore cells. Prestalk cells later came outside to be partially enveloped and
      finally occupied a hemisphere side by side with prespore cells. During the
      process, cells in one or two outer layers differentiated into prestalk or stalk
      cells. Similar changes in the distribution pattern were observed, when labelled
      prestalk cells were cultured with unlabelled prespore cells and their
      distribution in co-agglutinates was followed by autoradiography. It was concluded
      from these results that the majorities of prestalk and prespore cells isolated
      from slugs are sorted out in agglutinates without changing their original cell
      types, and that the sorting-out occurs in the complete absence of polar
      structures and movement of the cell mass. The distribution patterns in
      agglutinates of prestalk and prespore cells were discussed with reference to
      intercellular adhesion among/between them.

PMID- 376771
TI  - NCTR computer systems designed for toxicologic experimentation. III. Breeding
      information system.
AB  - The Breeding Information System (BIS) facilitates management control of the
      breeding colony operation at the National Center for Toxicological Research
      (NCTR). Although this automated data handling system was initially intended to
      support Animal Husbandry the system's basic design, flexibility or reporting,
      data manipulation capabilities, and integration with other NCTR data collection
      systems provides BIS with capabilities that have application to other groups
      including the Plans and Programs and most scientific areas. This description of
      the System is in terms of its potential value to these diverse user groups.

PMID- 376770
TI  - A review of the metabolism of the aspartyl moiety of aspartame in experimental
      animals and man.
AB  - Aspartame (3-amino-N-(alpha-carboxyphenethyl) succinamic acid, methyl ester; the
      methyl ester of aspartylphenylalanine, SC-18862) is hydrolyzed in the gut to
      yield aspartic acid, phenylalanine, and methanol. This review of the literature
      describes the metabolic paths followed by aspartate in its conversion to CO2 or
      its incorporation into body constituents. About 70 percent of 14C from [asp-14C]
      aspartame is converted in the monkey to 14CO2. Some of the aspartate is converted
      at the intestinal mucosal level to alanine by decarboxylation. This amino acid
      may be oxidized to CO2 by entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle via pyruvate and
      acetyl CoA. In addition, transamination of aspartate to oxaloacetate permits this
      product also to enter the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Aspartate may also be
      incorporated into body constitutents such as other amino acids, proteins,
      pyrimidines, asparagine, and N-acetylaspartic acid. It is concluded that the
      aspartate moiety of aspartame is metabolized in a manner similar to that of
      dietary aspartic acid.

PMID- 376773
TI  - Transfer of specific unresponsiveness to organ allografts by thymocytes. Specific
      unresponsiveness by thymocyte transfer.
AB  - Prolonged survival of vascularized organ allografts has been produced in
      unmodified inbred rats by transfer of thymocytes from enhanced, engrafted,
      syngeneic animals. For these thymocytes to increase significantly the survival of
      test allografts they must be harvested 6-9 d after transplantation. Thymectomy of
      the enhanced, engrafted animals during the same critical period causes acute
      rejection of othewise long surviving grafts. For optimal effect, the enhanced
      thymocyte donor must be actively and passively immunized and receive a cardiac
      allograft. The necessity for erythrocytes in the initial active immunization
      regimen is noted. Additionally, the antigenic specificity of the suppressor
      effect has been established with two histoincompatible donor rat strains.
      Cellular and humoral host responses mounted by test graft recipients after
      thymocyte transfer from enhanced, engrafted donors are different from those
      mounted either by unmodifed animals acutely rejecting their grafts or by enhanced
      rats bearing well-functioning grafts. Numbers of T lymphocytes are reduced in the
      grafted hearts and in the spleens of test graft recipients, a finding paralleled
      by the complete absence of specific direct lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity. In
      contrast, cytotoxic antibody production, although delayed, is increased in
      magnitude, peaking around the time of graft rejection. These studies provide
      evidence that different biological manipulations can modify separate pathways in
      the complex cellular and humoral responses towards organ allografts. They
      demonstrate that cellular immunity is critically involved in immunological
      enhancement of vascularized organ allografts, a phenomenon hitherto considered
      primarily humoral. It seems clear that cells with suppressor activity are present
      within the thymus during the early phases of immunological enhancement.

PMID- 376775
TI  - Purification and properties of an extracellular blastogen produced by group A
      streptococci.
AB  - An extracellular product of group A streptococci which induces lymphocyte
      blastogenesis has been purified to homogeneity by DEAE-cellulose and CM-cellulose
      chromatography. The protein, termed streptococcal blastogen A, has a mol wt of
      approximately or equal to 17,500 and is inactivated by protease treatment and by
      heating at 100 degrees C. The purified blastogen gave rise to multiple protein
      bands on nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, only two of which
      possessed blastogenic activity. Treatment of the protein with dithiothreitol
      before electrophoresis resulted in the apparent conversion of the multiple forms
      to a single active species. Blastogen A differs in electrophoretic mobility from
      the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins and its lymphocyte stimulating activity is
      not inhibited by rabbit antisera to the exotoxins. An enzyme immunoassay has been
      developed to measure human antibodies against blastogen A. A selection of sera
      with varying levels of anti-DNase B contained antiblastogen A-IgG.

PMID- 376774
TI  - Activation of macrophages in vivo and in vitro. Correlation between hydrogen
      peroxide release and killing of Trypanosoma cruzi.
AB  - As reported previously, mouse peritoneal macrophages could be activated to kill
      intracellular trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease,
      in either of two ways: by immunizing and boosting the mice (3), or by culturing
      resident or inflammatory macrophages in spleen cell factor(s) (SCF) in vitro (2).
      Macrophages activated in vivo became less trypanocidal with time in culture, and
      cells activated in vitro lost trypanocidal capacity when CSF was removed (2). In
      the present study, the ability of macrophages to release H2O2 in response to
      phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) could be induced in vivo and in vitro, and
      reversed in vitro, in a manner correlating closely with changes in trypanocidal
      activity. Macrophages could be activated in vitro with SCF in a time-dependent
      and dose-dependent fashion, so that they released as much H2O2 as macrophages
      activated in vivo. The sensitivity of epimastigotes and trypomastigotes to
      enzymatically generated H2O2 suggested that the generation of H2O2 by activated
      macrophages could be plausible explanation for their trypanocidal activity. Of
      the biochemical correlates of macrophage activation reported to date, increased
      ability to release H2O2 seems most closely allied to enhanced capacity to kill an
      intracellular pathogen.

PMID- 376777
TI  - Prevention in perspective: history, concepts, and issues.

PMID- 376776
TI  - Basal lamina heterogeneity in the glomerular capillary tufts of human kidneys.
AB  - Two classes of glomerular basal laminas are identified with a newly developed
      guanidine technique. The electron-opaque epithelial basal lamina is the most
      prominent element of the glomerular basal lamina scaffold. It is a continuous
      layer within each glomerulus, folding into capillary tufts and loops, but never
      completely encircling the entire circumference of each capillary, similar to the
      serosa covering the intestinal loop and mesentery. The vascular space so defined
      is further partitioned into individual capillary lumen by an electron-lucent
      mesangial basal lamina, that forms a meshwork continuous with the vascular pole
      of the glomerulus and extends peripherally to surround capillary lumens. The
      latter, designated endothelial basal lamina, is extremely attenuated and appears
      as a vestigial structure in glomerular capillary loops. Changes in juxtamesangial
      epithelial basal lamina indicate that it may be the site of the bulk removal and
      renewal of the epithelial basal lamina. The unique epithelial origin of
      glomerular capillary basal lamina and its organization provide a structural basis
      for understanding the glomerular physiology gained by various tracer studies. The
      results also suggest that the guanidine technique may be a useful new approach to
      the analysis of basal lamina alterations in various glomerular diseases.

PMID- 376778
TI  - Quantitative determination of titers of anti-zona serum.
AB  - The titers of rabbit antiserum against isolated mouse zonae pellucidae were
      examined by several methods in connection with inhibitory effect on
      fertilization. The titers determined by zona precipitate, zona dissolution,
      indirect immunofluorescence and in vitro fertilization tests were 2(4), 2(1) to
      2(4), 2(7) and 2(4), respectively. Cytotoxic effect could not be detected from
      zona antibody. The indirect immunofluorescence was most sensitive for detection
      of zona antibody but did not represent the extent of inhibitory effect on
      fertilization. The titer obtained by zona precipitate test was most close to the
      titer obtained by inhibitory effect on in vitro fertilization. The present study
      also demonstrated that at least 0.0375 ml of antiserum per female mouse,
      equivalent to 0.15-0.25% of body weight, was necessary for inhibition of
      fertilization in vivo by passive immunization with anti-zona serum.

PMID- 376779
TI  - [Studies on pathogenic Escherichia coli. (III) Multiple drug resistance of
      capsular polysaccharide-synthesizing Escherichia coli of clinical origins
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 376781
TI  - Agreement measurement and the judgment process.
AB  - This paper reviews the rationale for correcting for chance agreement beween two
      raters. It is suggested that under certain conditions correction for chance
      agreement is both unnecessary and inappropriate. When a chance correction is
      indicated, the chosen measure should be one that can be shown to be logically in
      accord with the two judges' method of determining each case's disposition. Two
      agreement measures, kappa (K) and Maxwell's Random Error Coefficient of Agreement
      (RE), are described in common terms and are then compared in terms of their
      assumptions about the judgment process. The plausibility of K's assumptions are
      challenged, and K's use is discouraged on the grounds that judgment table data
      are not treated in a way compatible with the process by which the table was
      constructed during the judgment process itself. Use of Maxwell's RE is
      recommended under conditions of equal proportions in the disagreement cells.

PMID- 376780
TI  - The clinical phenomenology of presenile dementia. A critical review of the
      literature.
AB  - The more recent literature addressing the clinical phenomenology of presenile
      dementia is reviewed. This survey, spanning approximately the past 4 decades and
      comprising a large number of articles in scientific journals, reveals that
      reported epidemiological data, symptoms and signs, and results of ancillary tests
      often vary widely from study to study, especially as regards findings of history
      and of mental status and neurological examinations. There is considerable
      indication that diagnostic specificity in presenile dementia in the absence of
      pathological examination of the brain by tissue biopsy or at autopsy may not be
      as reliable as is generally thought to be the case. The observed problems with
      interstudy agreement are discussed and are seen to be due in large measure to
      methodological inconsistency and nonuniformity. Areas of difficulties in methods
      are identified and guidelines for subsequent, needed clinical studies are
      suggested.

PMID- 376782
TI  - Free 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol in the central nervous system of the
      rat: semi-automated fluorometric assay, turnover and effects of drugs.

PMID- 376783
TI  - Di-n-propylacetate and GABA degradation. Preferential inhibition of succinic
      semialdehyde dehydrogenase and indirect inhibition of GABA-transaminase.

PMID- 376784
TI  - F. J. Nattrass, M.D., F.R.C.P.

PMID- 376785
TI  - James L. Poppen, M.D., 1903--1978.

PMID- 376786
TI  - Randomized clinical trials in the evaluation of surgical innovation.
AB  - Randomized clinical trials are widely accepted as the standard for evaluation of
      therapeutic innovation in many fields of medicine. The three basic components of
      such trials (concurrent comparison, random allocation, and objective observation)
      are designed to control four forms of bias (chronology bias, susceptibility bias,
      compliance bias, and observation bias) that may interfere with the interpretation
      of the results of a study. Only 2% of the articles evaluating therapeutic
      maneuvers published in the Journal of Neurosurgery have attempted to use
      concurrent controls. Only one of 863 such articles met the criteria for a
      randomized clinical trial. Reasons for underutilization of such trials in
      neurosurgery are discussed and suggestions for their wider use are offered.

PMID- 376789
TI  - [Skin flaps and grafts after head and neck surgery].

PMID- 376787
TI  - Composition of isolated edema fluid in cold-induced brain edema.
AB  - Edema fluid isolated from cats with cold-induced brain edema was subjected to
      analysis of electrolyte content, enzyme activities, colloid osmotic pressure and
      the radioactivity of intravenously injected 99mTc-labeled albumin. The findings
      corroborate the essential features of vasogenic edema, such as its origin from
      the blood plasma, its rapid propagation into the white matter of the brain as
      contrasted with the delayed spread into gray matter, and its contribution to
      composition of cerebrospinal fluid. Moreover, the elevated activities of cellular
      enzymes and K+ content of edema fluid point to the admixture with cellular
      contents due to the freezing damage.

PMID- 376788
TI  - Surgical hemostasis.
AB  - Every surgical procedure taxes the hemostatic defenses of the patient. If his
      hemostatic mechanism is sound, he is unlikely to have a bleeding problem during
      or after an operation, unless, of course, a suture or clip slips off. Two classes
      of patients do present bleeding problems to the surgeon. One group has a pre
      existing bleeding tendency, the other acquires it during or after the operation.
      The recognition of patients with severe hemostatic disabilities, such as
      hemophilia, presents no problem since the patient is aware of the disease. The
      mild bleeder is less likely to be detected by screening tests than by adroit
      questioning. The major hemostatic defect that may develop during an operation, or
      shortly thereafter, is disseminated intravascular coagulation. This syndrome,
      always secondary, may accompany shock, mismatched blood transfusion, septicemia,
      or extensive malignancy. Its prevention or early recongnition is much easier than
      treatment after circulating platelets and some coagulation factors have been
      consumed and fibrinolysis is destroying fibrin and fibrinogen.

PMID- 376790
TI  - Position during labor and delivery: history and perspective.

PMID- 376791
TI  - The development of midwifery--male and female, yesterday and today.

PMID- 376792
TI  - Agnodike: the first midwife/obstetrician.

PMID- 376794
TI  - Prevention of the immunodepressive effects of excess dietary leucine by
      isoleucine and valine in the rat.

PMID- 376795
TI  - Teeth transplanted across a multiple non-H-2 barrier stimulated weak cell
      mediated immunity without memory.
AB  - The genetic and immunologic criteria required for successful tooth
      transplantation have yet to be defined. Teeth grafted across strong barriers
      elicit vigorous immunity. However, teeth and tooth germs transplanted to
      subcutaneous sites in H-2 compatible but multiple-non-H-2 disparate recipients
      stimulated weak in vitro cellular cytotoxicity compared with skin grafts 5 mm in
      diameter. Furthermore, tooth allografts did not sensitize recipients as measured
      by the rejection of second-set, donor skin grafts. It may be that tooth
      allografts provoke fewer detrimental immune mediator systems than do skin grafts
      across moderate to weak transplantation barriers.

PMID- 376793
TI  - Effects of zinc deficiency upon pituitary function in sexually mature and
      immature male rats.
AB  - Serum pituitary levels of growth hormone (GH), thyrotropin (TSH), prolactin
      (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were
      measured in sexually mature (adult) and sexually immature (juvenile) male rats
      who had been deprived of dietary zinc for 15 and 7 weeks, respectively. When
      compared to pair-fed control rats receiving a zinc supplemented diet, both the
      adult and juvenile zinc deficient rats had significantly lower body weights, tail
      lengths and ventral prostate weights. The testes of the sexually immature rats
      were also smaller than those of the pair-fed animals. In sexually mature, zinc
      deficient rats serum concentrations of GH and testosterone were significantly
      lower and serum LH levels significantly higher than in ad libitum fed control
      rats. Pituitary and hypothalamic levels of other hormones did not differ from
      values recorded in control animals. In sexually immature zinc deficient rats
      serum concentrations of GH were also significantly depressed; pituitary content
      and concentration of LH and pituitary and serum levels of FSH were significantly
      increased over control values. No discernible effects of zinc deficiency upon
      hyplthalamic content of LH-releasing hormone or serum concentrations of PRL or
      TSH were recorded in juvenile rats. Zinc deficiency has minimal effects upon the
      hypothalamic-pituitary axis of sexually mature rats. In sexually immature males,
      zinc deprivation leads to impairment of gonadal growth and increased synthesis
      and/or secretion of the pituitary gonadotropins.

PMID- 376796
TI  - Long-term results of alveolar ridge augmentation.
AB  - Autologous onlay rib grafts in 22 patients were evaluated for bone remodeling
      patterns. The patients had been followed up for four to ten years; the mean was
      6.2 years. The unquantitated increase in bony mass of the mandible, with altered
      ridge form and subsequent soft tissue surgery, provided consistent, predictable
      results and return to excellent denture function with long-term stability.

PMID- 376797
TI  - Internal fixation for midfacial osteotomies: a new technique and review of cases.

PMID- 376798
TI  - Hypertension in the pediatric patient: a reappraisal.

PMID- 376799
TI  - Neurogenic pulmonary edema in childhood.
AB  - Three patients presenting with pulmonary edema associated with head trauma and
      increased intracranial pressure are described. Pulmonary edema is a clearly
      recognized complication of head trauma; the pathogenic mechanisms appear to be
      regulated by increased intracerebral pressure, sympathetically induced vascular
      hypertension, and increased pulmonary capillary permeability. If there is
      evidence that neurogenic pulmonary edema is the underlying etiology, therapeutic
      modalities should be directed at reducing intracranial pressure and strict
      attention paid to the interaction between intrathoracic and intracranial
      pressures in order to avoid the high mortality rate associated with this
      condition.

PMID- 376800
TI  - Septicemia in association with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Fifty consecutive episodes of septicemia were studied in 41 children who had
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Seventy-six percent of these episodes occurred when
      the absolute granulocyte count was 200/mm3 or less and were caused by gram
      negative enteric and gram-positive mucocutaneous bacteria. In eight patients,
      Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated at the time when ALL was diagnosed. Multiple
      anaerobic and aerobic isolates from a single blood culture were associated with
      abdominal distress, whereas Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae
      septicemia occurred in associated with respiratory illnesses. When patients with
      severe compromise of anatomic barriers or respiratory disease were excluded, 94%
      of all patients with septicemia had an AGC of less than 200/mm3. The data provide
      guidelines for treatment for febrile patients with ALL based upon the AGC, the
      phase of the disease, and on the presence of associated respiratory or abdominal
      findings.

PMID- 376801
TI  - Polycystic brain disease complicating neonatal meningitis: documentation of
      evolution by computed tomography.

PMID- 376802
TI  - Pharyngeal pressures in nasal CPAP.

PMID- 376803
TI  - Transmission of valproic acid (Depakene) across the placenta: half-life of the
      drug in mother and baby.

PMID- 376804
TI  - Urinary tract infection re circumcision.

PMID- 376805
TI  - Campylobacter infections in human beings.

PMID- 376806
TI  - Detection of neonatal bacteremia.

PMID- 376807
TI  - Suprarenal abscess due to group B streptococcus.

PMID- 376808
TI  - Rapid diagnosis of type III group B streptococcal meningitis by latex particle
      agglutination.
AB  - A latex particle agglutination assay was developed to detect type III group B
      streptococcal antigen in cerebrospinal fluid. Agglutination was observed in each
      of 12 initial and 54% of 26 subsequent CSF specimens obtained a mean of 53 hours
      after the institution of antimicrobial therapy. Latex agglutination was more
      sensitive than countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis for the detection of type III
      group B streptococcal antigen in CSF from neonates and young infants with
      meningitis.

PMID- 376809
TI  - Renal retransplantation in children.
AB  - Evaluation of 75 cadaver donor retransplants revealed that the primary factor
      influencing allograft survival is patient responsiveness as reflected by
      sensitization with preformed cytotoxic antibodies. Actuarial allograft survival
      rates for nonpresensitized (less than 5%) and moderately presensitized (5 to 50%)
      recipients were significantly (P less than 0.01) better than those of highly
      presensitized (greater than 50%) recipients. Although HLA A&B antigen
      histocompatibility did not have a statistically significant effect on
      retransplant outcome, it appeared to influence allograft survival in the highly
      presensitized recipient. An approach to the management of children who lose an
      initial or subsequent allograft is indicated by these data.

PMID- 376810
TI  - Focal glomerulosclerosis and renal transplantation.
AB  - Eighteen patients with corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome developed end
      stage renal disease and received one or more renal allografts. The lesion of
      focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and/or of focal glomerular obsolescence was
      demonstrable in the native kidneys of each patient. Following transplantation,
      nephrosis developed in three recipients. Two recipients developed nephrosis at
      two weeks and nine months posttransplant in association with rejection; the
      lesion of FGS was present in association with chronic rejection. Only one
      recipient developed recurrence of nephrosis and FGS unrelated to rejection. This
      was manifested by immediate onset of nephrosis in two successive allografts and
      histologic evidence of the lesion of FGS. The immediate recurrence in successive
      allografts suggests a circulating factor responsible for the renal lesion in this
      patient and indicates a separate etiology for a small number of patients with
      corticosteroid-resistant nephrosis and FGS.

PMID- 376811
TI  - Recurrence of steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation.

PMID- 376812
TI  - Hemolymph of Anopheles stephensi from uninfected and Plasmodium berghei-infected
      mosquitoes. 2. Free amino acids.
AB  - Determinations were made of free amino acids in hemolymph collected from adult
      female Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. The hemolymph first was fractionated by
      extraction and precipitation procedures, after which qualitative determinations
      of free amino acids were made by high voltage thin layer electrophoresis, and
      thin layer chromatography. Subsequent quantitative determinations were made with
      an automatic amino acid analyzer. The concentration of total free amino acids in
      the hemolymph rose 60--70% after the mosquito took a blood meal, and remained
      relatively constant thereafter. When mosquitoes took a blood meal infected with
      the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei, the rise in total free amino
      acids was only 15--25%. The chief differences that occurred with individual free
      amino acids was that infected mosquitoes had greater increases in arginine,
      greater decreases in valine and histidine, and a total loss of detectable
      methionine.

PMID- 376813
TI  - In memoriam. Theodor von Brand: a tribute.

PMID- 376814
TI  - Effect of purification by DEAE-cellulose column on infectivity of Trypanosoma
      cruzi blood forms.

PMID- 376816
TI  - In vitro development of Trichostrongylus axei, from infective larvae to young
      adults.
AB  - Advanced stages of Trichostrongylus axei were grown from exsheathed infective
      larvae in roller culture systems consisting of a complex cell-free medium, API-6,
      when used alone or supplemented for 8- or 21-day intervals with pepsin or
      reducing agents, or both. Young adult males and females were the most advanced
      stages attained. This stage was attained by days 18--21, when medium API-6
      contained pepsin for 8 or 21 days, with or without reducing agents for the first
      8 days; and by days 24--26, when medium API-6 was nonsupplemented.
      Trichostrongylus axei did not advance beyond early fourth stage or fourth molt
      when API-6 contained reducing agents for 8 or 21 days or reducing agents and
      pepsin for 21 days. The optimal culture system for development to young adults
      required medium API-6 supplemented with pepsin for 21 days and reducing agents
      for the first 8 days. This system produced maximal yields of less than 1% young
      adults in populations of about 100,000 T. axei by days 21--28.

PMID- 376815
TI  - Association of autoantibodies with anemia, splenomegaly, and glomerulonephritis
      in experimental African trypanosomiasis.
AB  - Rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense developed a
      syndrome characterized by anemia, splenomegaly, and glomerulonephritis. Serologic
      evaluation revealed that the syndrome was accompanied by the presence of 3
      autoantibodies--cold-active hemagglutinin, immunoconglutinin, and antibody to
      fibrinogen/fibrin products. Fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated antibody tests
      showed the presence of fixed complement and fibrinogen on both trypanosomes and
      erythrocytes. All infected rats died by the ninth day of the infection with 5
      animals showing signs of pulmonary involvement and shock. From these observations
      it is suggested that autoantigens, autoantibodies, and complement may have been
      causal in this syndrome.

PMID- 376817
TI  - Introducing President Jacobs.

PMID- 376819
TI  - Isolation of Plasmodium berghei by hemolysin lysis of infected erythrocytes and
      evidence for a parasite hexokinase.
AB  - A rapid and simple procedure has been developed for the isolation of Plasmodium
      berghei parasites from infected-mouse erythrocytes employing the heat stable
      hemolysin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Using parasites isolated by this
      method, the presence of a parasite specific hexokinase has been demonstrated,
      providing an explanation for the increased glucose consumption observed with
      infected cells. Enzyme assays and serology were employed in determining the
      purity and yield of purified parasites. The enzyme assays showed that about 25%
      of the parasites in infected RBCs were recovered in the purified state. The
      purified parasites were not agglutinated by rabbit-anti-mouse RBC serum which
      indicated the purified parasites were not contaminated by RBC components.

PMID- 376818
TI  - Hemolymph of Anopheles stephensi from noninfected and Plasmodium berghei-infected
      mosquitoes. 3. Carbohydrates.
AB  - Determinations were made of carbohydrates in hemolymph collected from adult
      female mosquitoes (Anopheles stephensi). First the hemolymph was fractionated by
      extraction and precipitation procedures, after which qualitative and quantitative
      determinations of carbohydrates were made by thin layer chromatography. The most
      abundant sugars found in the hemolymph were glucose and trehalose, though
      maltose, glucuronic acid, and inositol could be found after the mosquitoes took
      blood meals. After the mosquitoes ingested a noninfected blood meal, their
      hemolymph sugar levels rose almost 4-fold. There was less of an increase
      following a blood meal infected with the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium
      berghei. Depletion of sugars in the hemolymph of infected mosquitoes may result
      from direct utilization of sugar by the malaria parasite developing within the
      mosquito.

PMID- 376820
TI  - Ultrastructure of the rectum of infective-stage Wuchereria bancrofti (Nematoda:
      Filarioidea).
AB  - The authors have examined the ultrastructure of the rectum of infective-stage
      Wuchereria bancrofti by transmission electron microscopy. Our observations show
      that the rectum is divided into anterior and posterior segments. The cells of the
      anterior rectum appear to be derived from the microfilarial R (rectal) cells
      described by other authors. In both stages, these cells show voluminous nuclei,
      abundant mitochondria, and small cytoplasmic processes which contain fibrillar
      components. Amorphous material associated with these processes appears throughout
      the larval rectum and may protrude from the anus as the rectal plug. In the
      specimens examined, a patent lumen could not be traced completely through the
      anterior rectum. The posterior rectum has no counterpart in published accounts of
      microfilarial ultrastructure and probably arises during larval morphogenesis; it
      is lined with invaginated body cuticle, overlaid by a single layer of epithelial
      cells which may be of hypodermal origin.

PMID- 376821
TI  - Presentation of the Henry Baldwin Ward medal.

PMID- 376823
TI  - Preserving the exposed pulp: a review.

PMID- 376822
TI  - Modification of a new technique for immunohistochemical localization of cell
      surface components.

PMID- 376824
TI  - Recontouring teeth with adhesive resin for added retention of cleft palate
      appliances.

PMID- 376825
TI  - [Radioimmunoassay and enzyme-immunoassay compared for determination of
      theophylline in human plasma (author's transl)].

PMID- 376826
TI  - Information, choice, and reactions to stress: a field experiment in a blood bank
      with laboratory analogue.
AB  - Two experiments examined the effects of various operations of personal control on
      reactions to stress. The first study incorporated two features into the blood
      drawing procedure at a blood bank: providing donors with accurate information and
      allowing donors to choose the arm to be used. Measurement of nurses' actions to
      prevent donors from fainting and self-reports of discomfort revealed that the
      combination of choice and information was somewhat effective in reducing
      distress. However, providing either information or choice alone was more
      effective. In a second laboratory study using a cold pressor stimulus as
      stressor, subjects given a choice (the option to terminate the aversive stimulus
      and choice of hand used) showed a reduction of aftereffects on a measure of
      attention to detail. Subjects given information but not choice also showed this
      reduction. Combining information and choice was no different from either
      treatment alone. Taken together, the results of both studies indicate that
      moderate levels of choice and information are optimal for coping with stress. An
      explanation was suggested based on a contextually determined relationship amomg
      choice, information, and perceived control.

PMID- 376827
TI  - Prospects for improving the prevention of inflammatory periodontal disease.

PMID- 376829
TI  - Preventive orthodontics: when and why.

PMID- 376831
TI  - John Lizars. A forgotten pioneer in surgery.

PMID- 376830
TI  - Nutrition and craniofacial growth.

PMID- 376828
TI  - Effects of urea peroxide in anhydrous glycerol on gingivitis and dental plaque.

PMID- 376832
TI  - The distribution of actin during chemotaxis in rabbit neutrophils.

PMID- 376833
TI  - Leprosy-like disease of wild armadillos in French Acadiana, Louisiana.

PMID- 376834
TI  - Views on the future of veterinary education.
AB  - In briefly reviewing the history of veterinary education, particularly that in
      England, the enduring influence education has on the achievements and status of
      the profession is emphasised. The sound influence of the first teachers in South
      Africa, under the guidance of men like Theiler and subsequently du Toit, on
      veterinary education is outlined. The changes that have taken place in the face
      of altered demands, from that required by a predominantly State-employed
      profession to one consisting mainly of private practitioners but with ever
      expanding fields of activity, necessitates continual attention to thorough
      teaching in the basic subjects, to the discipline as against the species approach
      -the latter being of value, however, when applying preventive medicine to
      herds/flocks, to a uniform undergraduate curriculum, and to foreseeing and
      providing adequate, specialised post-graduate education. The present under
      graduate course has been extended from five to five-and-a-half years and the
      South African student enrollment to 90/a. Furthermore, more time will be found by
      already starting the teaching of Anatomy in the first year, thus providing for a
      final year of "student-internship". A completely newly planned faculty complex at
      a more favourable site is a necessity; clinical assistants will haevto be
      employed. More attention must be given to Public Health and Food Hygiene.
      Facilities for training Black studnets is a first priority in providing for
      additional student enrollment. Despite all modern teaching aids, the teacher must
      always play a vital key role.

PMID- 376835
TI  - [The future of the veterinary profession (author's transl)].

PMID- 376836
TI  - The South African Veterinary Association: glimpses from 75 years of service to
      veterinary science.
AB  - The South African Veterinary Association originated with the formation of the
      Transvaal Veterinary Medical Association in 1903. The amalgamation of the three
      existing provincial associations under a joint constitution in 1920 formed a body
      representing the veterinary profession in the whole of South Africa. Throughout
      the past 75 years the SAVA has served as representative for the diversity of
      interests of the profession. The aims and major contributions of the Association,
      past and present, as well as the challenges of the future, are outlined.

PMID- 376837
TI  - [Our journal; the past, the present, the future].

PMID- 376838
TI  - [Veterinary science dictionary].

PMID- 376839
TI  - [The South African Army Veterinary Services].
AB  - The history of the South African Military Veterinary Services is outlined from
      the time the first veterinarian, Thomas Burrowes, attached to the 8th Light
      Dragoons, set foot in the Cape in 1799, until the end of World War II. It
      summarises the extensive literature published mainly by Curson in previous issues
      of this Journal and extends it to include the period of that war.

PMID- 376840
TI  - Factors affecting prolapse of the prepuce in bulls.
AB  - The present state of our knowledge on the symptoms, pathogenesis and breed
      susceptibility of preputial prolapse in bulls is reviewed together with the
      anatomical and physiological relationships that operate in the development of a
      prolapse of the inner layer of the sheath. Suggestions for the elimination of the
      condition through selection are made.

PMID- 376841
TI  - The comparative antimicrobial sensitivity of Escherichia coli isolated from
      colisepticaemic broilers.
AB  - The standardisation of a method to perform antibiograms using Meuller Hinton agar
      routinely is described. It was found that from 1973 to 1975 the resistance of E.
      coli to oxytetracycline decreased from 49% to 32.5% and to sulphonamides from 49%
      to 42.5%. Resistance to furazolidone increased from 12% to 22%. No dramatic
      changes in the resistance to neomycin and chloramphenicol were found.

PMID- 376843
TI  - SAVA gold medal: seventh award 1978 Eric Maxwell Robinson.

PMID- 376842
TI  - Coliform mastitis and sawdust bedding.

PMID- 376844
TI  - The Boswell Award.

PMID- 376845
TI  - The Boswell Award.

PMID- 376846
TI  - [In Memoriam: H. O. Monnig, 1897-1978].

PMID- 376848
TI  - 2-Acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones. 1. A new class of potential antimalarial
      agents.
AB  - Based on the antimalarial properties observed for 2-acetylpyridine 4-phenyl-3
      thiosemicarbazone (1), an extensive series of related thiosemicarbazones was
      prepared and tested against Plasmodium berghei in mice. Screening results
      indicated that the presence of the 2-pyridylethylidene group was critical and
      that certain phenyl, benzyl, phenethyl, or cycloalkyl groups at N4 of the
      thiosemicarbazone moiety also contribute to antimalarial activity.

PMID- 376847
TI  - Structural requirements in positions 1, 2, 3, and 6 of the luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LH-RH) for antiovulatory activity.
AB  - Sixteen analogues of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) were
      synthesized by the solid-phase method. In new and surprising relationships, it
      was found that the substitution of D-Trp into position 3 of [D- less than Glu1,D
      Phe2,amino acid3,D-Phe6]-LH-RH significantly enhanced the antiovulatory potency,
      but substitution by Pro, N-Me-Phe,N-Me-Leu, or L-Trp reduced antiovulatory
      activity. The substitution of L- less than Glu in position 1 of [D-Phe2,Pro3,D
      Phe6]-LH-RH by cyclohexylcarbonyl (Chc), benzoyl (Bz), Ac, Hyp, Ac-Met, hydrogen,
      Pro, and D- less than Glu residues, and the substitution of D-Phe in position 2
      by D-Trp, D-His, D-Phg, and L-Phe residues resulted in analogues with no
      antiovulatory activity at 750 microgram/rat. Structural requirements for the
      design of inhibitors of higher potency have been discussed.

PMID- 376849
TI  - Dipeptides of O-methyl-L-threonine as potential antimalarials.
AB  - L-Leucyl-O-methyl-L-threonine, O-methyl-L-threonyl-L-leucine, and O-methyl-L
      threonyl-O-methyl-L-threonine were prepared and compared with O-methyl-L
      threonine and L-leucine for antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei in
      mice. O-Methyl-L-threonine significantly prolonged survival time at doses of 160,
      320, and 640 mg/kg. O-Methyl-L-threonyl-O-methyl-L-threonine was less active,
      significantly prolonging survival time only at 640 mg/kg. L-Leucine, as well as
      the other two dipeptides, exhibited no activity in this test.

PMID- 376850
TI  - Teaching medical interviewing: a critique of educational research and practice.

PMID- 376852
TI  - Water permeability of yeast cells at sub-zero temperatures.
AB  - A combined cryomicroscopic-multiple nonlinear regression analysis technique has
      been used to determine the water permeability of the yeast cell Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae during freezing. The time rate of change in volume of "supercooled"
      yeast cells was photographically monitored using a "cryomicroscope" which is
      capable of controlling in a programmable manner both the temperature and the time
      rate of change in temperature of the cell suspension being studied. Multiple
      nonlinear regression analysis together with a thermodynamic model of cell water
      transport during freezing was then used to statistically  deduce the subzero
      temperature dependence of the cell water permeability. The water permeability
      process for S. cerevisiae being cooled at subzero temperatures was found to be
      rate-limited by the passage of water through either the plasmalemma, the cell
      wall, or a combination of these two permeability barriers. The hydraulic water
      permeability coefficient for yeast at 20 degrees C is approximately 1--2 x 10(
      13) cm3/dyne sec, if extrapolation from subzero temperatures to room temperature
      is permissible, while the apparent activation energy governing the permeability
      process at subzero temperatures is approximately 45--68 kJ/mol (11--16 kcal/mol).

PMID- 376853
TI  - Medical aspects of the Middlebrook encampments.

PMID- 376854
TI  - Ribosome structure: hand determination by electron microscopy of 30 S subunits.

PMID- 376851
TI  - Inhibition of anion permeability by amphiphilic compounds in human red cell:
      evidence for an interaction of niflumic acid with the band 3 protein.
AB  - In human erythrocyte, permeability to the anion is instantaneously, reversibly,
      and noncompetitively inhibited by the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug,
      niflumic acid. The active form of this powerful inhibitor (I50 = 6 X 10(-7) M) is
      the ionic form. We demonstrated that: (i) The binding of niflumic acid to the
      membrane of unsealed ghosts show one saturable and one linear component over the
      concentration range studied. The saturable component vanishes when chloride
      transport is fully inhibited by covalently bound 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyano
      stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (SITS). Our estimate of these SITS protectable
      niflumate binding sites (about 9 x 10(5) per cell) agrees with the number of
      protein molecules per cell in band 3. These sites are half-saturated with 10(-6)
      M niflumic acid, a concentration very close to I50. (ii) Niflumic acid inhibits
      the binding reaction of SITS with anion controlling transport sites. These
      results indicate that niflumic acid and SITS are mutually exclusive inhibitors,
      suggesting that niflumic acid interacts with the protein in band 3. Niflumic acid
      also decreases glucose and ouabain-insensitive sodium permeabilities. However,
      these effects are produced at a very high concentration of niflumic acid (in
      millimolar range), suggesting unspecific action, possibly through lipid phase.

PMID- 376855
TI  - Changes in the abundance of polyadenylated RNA during slime mould development
      measured using cloned molecular hybridization probes.

PMID- 376856
TI  - Identification of proteins involved in the peptidyl transferase activity of
      ribosomes by chemical modification.

PMID- 376858
TI  - NFLPN Legislative Conference Report. Part II. Licensed practical nurses in the
      Veterans Administration Nursing Service.

PMID- 376857
TI  - Determination of centric jaw relation, and the application of fixed bridge design
      to removable partial dentures.

PMID- 376859
TI  - Profile: Cherie Trenhaile. Navy nurse in Cuba.

PMID- 376860
TI  - Matthew Walker, Sr, MD, FACS (1906--1978). Introduction to a memorial issue.

PMID- 376861
TI  - Matthew Walker, Sr, MD, FACS (1906--1978), a tribute.

PMID- 376862
TI  - Matthew Walker, Sr, MD, FACS, FICS, 1906--1978.

PMID- 376863
TI  - A tribute to Matthew Walker--surgeon.

PMID- 376864
TI  - Matthew Walker, Sr, MD, FACS: a progeny's perspective.

PMID- 376865
TI  - Matthew Walker, Sr, MD: his surgical legacy.

PMID- 376866
TI  - Matthew Walker, Sr, MD, FACS (1906--1978): recollections of a resident.

PMID- 376867
TI  - Evaluation of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in the immunodiagnosis of
      schistosomiasis.
AB  - Eighty-six bilharzial patients divided into 5 clinical groups were studied.
      Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA)
      and indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test were performed for all the patients.
      ELISA gave the most sensitive results (82.6% and 80.2% positivity rate in Egypt
      and Lille respectively), followed by IFA (79.1% positivity rate) and IHA (77.9%
      and 75.6% positivity rate in Egypt and Lille respectively). The humoral
      antibodies detected by all methods (ELISA, IFA and IHA) showed increasing values
      with the progress of the disease which is parallel to the antigenicity of the
      disease. Both the positivity rate and the mean value of antibody titres recorded
      by the 3 diagnostic techniques (ELISA, IFA and IHA) were significantly higher in
      mansoni than haematobium infection. This may be explained by species specificity
      of antibody response. The superiority of ELISA over IFA and IHA techniques was
      discussed.

PMID- 376868
TI  - Factors which influence the electron microscopic appearance of DNA when
      benzyldimethylalkyammonium chloride is used.

PMID- 376869
TI  - Initiation of DNA synthesis on the isolated strands of bacteriophage f1
      replicative-form DNA.
AB  - Viral and complementary strand circular DNA molecules were isolated from
      intracellular bacteriophage f1 replicative-form DNA. Soluble protein extracts of
      Escherichia coli were used to examine the initiation of DNA synthesis on these
      DNA templates. The initiation of DNA synthesis on f1 viral strand DNA was
      catalyzed by E. coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, as was initiation of f1 viral
      strand DNA isolated from mature phage particles. The site of initiation was the
      same as that used in vivo. In contrast, no de novo initiation of DNA synthesis
      was detected on f1 complementary strand DNA. Control experiments demonstrated
      that the E. coli dnaB, dnaC, and dnaG initiation proteins were active under the
      conditions employed. The results suggest that the viral strand of the f1
      replicative-form DNA molecule carries the same DNA synthesis initiation site as
      the viral strand packaged in mature phage, whereas the complementary strand of
      the replicative-form DNA molecule carries no site for de novo primer synthesis.
      These in vitro observations are consistent with the simple rolling circle model
      for f1 DNA replication in vivo proposed by Horiuchi and Zinder.

PMID- 376870
TI  - Q beta-defective particles produced in a streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli
      mutant.
AB  - This paper describes Q beta noninfectious particles produced at 41 degrees C in a
      streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli mutant which is temperature sensitive for
      suppression of a nonsense codon. The noninfectious particles resembled Q beta
      under the electron microscope and contained coat protein molecules in an amount
      similar to the amount in Q beta. However, they did not adsorb to F-piliated
      bacteria, and they were deficient in both minor capsid proteins of Q beta,
      maturation (IIa) and read-through (IIb). Proteins IIa and IIb were not produced
      in Qbeta-infected mutant cells at 41 degrees C. In addition, instead of the 30S
      RNA of Q beta, a shorter RNA, which sedimented mainly at 23 S, was found in the
      defective particles. The results are discussed in relation to the roles of
      proteins IIa and IIb of Q beta.

PMID- 376871
TI  - Development of Escherichia coli virus T1: escape from host restriction.
AB  - The bacterial virus T1 grows interchangeably on different Escherichia coli
      strains (C, B, and K). This implies that T1 has an efficient mechanism to
      overcome the host restriction barrier. The DNA of T1 was found to be methylated
      independently of the hosts. The percentage of N6-methyladenine varied from 1.6 to
      1.8, and the 5-methylcytosine content varied from 0.1 to 0.4%. In contrast, the
      range in percentage of N6-methyladenine and 5-methylcytosine found in the hosts
      was 0.7 to 2.4 and 0.0 to 1.1, respectively.

PMID- 376872
TI  - Bacteriophage T4 alt gene maps between genes 30 and 54.
AB  - Two- and three-factor crosses proved that the T4 alt gene, which codes for a
      virion-associated NAD+:protein ADP-ribosyltransferase, is located between genes
      30 and 54.

PMID- 376875
TI  - Use of mefenamic acid in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

PMID- 376874
TI  - DNA synthesis in Escherichia coli cells infected with gene H mutants of
      bacteriophage phi X174.
AB  - Escherichia coli cells infected with gene H mutants of bacteriophage phi X174
      produce two types of particles. The 110S particles contain single-stranded
      circular DNA; the 110S particles are not infectious, although their DNA is
      infectious for E. coli spheroplasts. The second type of particles, 70S particles,
      contain a fragment of single-stranded DNA ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 genome in
      length. This fragment DNA anneals only to restriction enzyme fragments of
      replicative-form DNA from the portion of the molecule corresponding to the origin
      and early region of phi X174 single-stranded synthesis, although full-round
      single-stranded DNA synthesis is occurring in the H mutant-infected cells.
      Different H mutant phages produce different proportions of 70S to 110S particles;
      those mutants producing the most 70S also exhibit the largest amount of
      degradation of intracellularly labeled DNA during infection. These results
      suggest that in H mutant-infected cells, full-length single-stranded DNA is
      synthesized; varying amounts of degradation of the single-stranded material
      occur, and the resulting fragment DNA is subsequently incorporated into 70S
      particles.

PMID- 376873
TI  - Replication of bacteriophage phiK duplex replicative-form DNA in dnaB and dnaC
      mutants of Escherichia coli.
AB  - We have directly tested the effects of host cell DNA synthesis mutations on
      bacteriophage phiK replicative-form (RF) DNA replication in vivo. We observed
      that phiK RF DNA replication continued at normal rates in both dnaB and dnaC
      mutant hosts under conditions in which the activities of the dnaB and dnaC gene
      products were shown to be markedly reduced. This suggests that these two host
      proteins are not essential for normal phiK RF DNA replication. In control
      experiments we observed markedly reduced rates of phiK RF DNA replication in
      temperature-sensitive dnaG and dnaE host mutants, indicating that the products of
      these genes are essential. Thus, the mechanism of DNA chain initiation in vivo on
      the duplex RF DNA templates of isometric phages such as phiK apparently is
      different from that on the similar templates of isometric phages such as phiX174.
      The implications of this difference are discussed in the text.

PMID- 376876
TI  - Nicolas Rolin (1376-1462).

PMID- 376878
TI  - You can't win them all.

PMID- 376877
TI  - Antoine Laurent Lavoisier.

PMID- 376879
TI  - Indomethacin and occult infections.

PMID- 376880
TI  - Veterans Administration Coronary Cooperative Study. Cooperating vs noncooperating
      hospitals.

PMID- 376881
TI  - Vertical transmission of group B Streptococcus. Relation to intrauterine fetal
      monitoring.
AB  - A prospective study of 70 mother-infant pairs was designed to evaluate vertical
      transmission of group B Streptococcus (GBS) in relation to the use of
      intrauterine fetal monitors (IUFMs). Multiple-site cultures obtained from mothers
      during the intrapartum interval and those obtained from infants on day 1 and at
      discharge or day 4 were plated on a selective medium. Thirteen (27.1%) of 48 IUFM
      exposed women vs seven (31.8%) of 22 non-IUFM-exposed women had GBS at one or
      more sites. The GBS colonization with maternally concordant serotypes occurred in
      eight (61.5%) of 13 infants born to GBS-colonized, IUFM-exposed women vs two
      (28.6%) of seven infants born to GBS-colonized, non-IUFM-exposed women. While
      this suggests that vertical transmission of GBS is enhanced by IUFM placement,
      the differences in these infant rates were not statistically significant.

PMID- 376882
TI  - John Youmans, MD, active in AMA, dies.

PMID- 376884
TI  - Albrecht Durer and Rembrandt van Rijn.

PMID- 376885
TI  - JAMA reference directories.

PMID- 376883
TI  - Oral amphotericin for candidiasis in patients with hematologic neoplasms. An
      autopsy study.
AB  - Autopsy examinations were conducted in 72 patients with hematologic malignant
      neoplasms who received antibacterial therapy before their deaths. These patients
      were participants in a large double-blind study designed to assess the efficacy
      of oral amphotericin B in decreasing the incidence of candidal infection. The
      patients received either 50 mg of amphotericin B orally four times a day, or they
      received a matching placebo. Eight of 33 patients (24%) who had received placebo
      and two of 39 (5%) who had received amphotericin had histopathologic evidence of
      disseminated candidiasis. We conclude that in these patients with hematologic
      malignant neoplasms who received antibiotics within two weeks of death, the
      concomitant oral administration of amphotericin was effective in decreasing the
      incidence of systemic candidal infections, indicating that the gastrointestinal
      tract serves as a portal of entry for Candida albicans.

PMID- 376886
TI  - Hepatitis B surface antigenemia in renal transplant recipients. Increased
      mortality risk.
AB  - To determine effects of circulating hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) on
      patient survival following renal transplantation, we studied 168 recipients of
      cadaveric grafts in whom HBsAg status was defined at transplantation by
      comparison of survivorships determined by actuarial life-table methods. Survival
      in HBsAg-positive recipients, as compared with those who were HBsAg-negative at
      the time of transplantation, was markedly diminished. Although graft survival
      appeared to be favored in the HBsAg-positive group in the early posttransplant
      period, the apparent protective effect was lost at nine months after grafting and
      thereafter, due to increased mortality in the HBsAg-positive recipients. Deaths
      in the antigenemic subjects were principally due to infections other than
      hepatitis and to cardiovascular events. We conclude that preexisting HBs
      antigenemia forebodes an ominous outcome for immunosuppressed renal transplant
      recipients, although hepatic disorders do not account for most deaths.

PMID- 376887
TI  - Primary cutaneous nocardiosis.
AB  - Seven patients with primary cutaneous nocardiosis were seen during a 20-month
      period. Six patients had a history of local trauma to an extremity or did
      frequent yard work. The spectrum of clinical disease included cellulitis,
      pustules,pyoderma, or lymphocutaneous syndrome mimicking sporotrichosis. Evidence
      of Nocardia infection elsewhere was absent, and no patient had a serious
      underlying disease. Nocardia brasiliensis was isolated from four cases, and N
      asteroides was identified in the other three patients. In two patients, disease
      resolved without chemotherapy, while a short course of a sulfonamide with or
      without trimethoprim therapy was successful in the remaining cases. The
      relatively benign nature of this disease, the usual failure to obtain cultures of
      superficial skin infections, and our accumulation of seven cases in less than two
      years suggest this disease is more common than previously recognized.

PMID- 376888
TI  - Contamination of fiberoptic upper intestinal endoscope.

PMID- 376890
TI  - Lymphoma vs carcinoma.

PMID- 376889
TI  - Benjamin Rush.

PMID- 376891
TI  - Prenatal screening for neural tube defects.

PMID- 376892
TI  - JAMA reference directories.

PMID- 376893
TI  - History of ginseng.

PMID- 376894
TI  - Emergency treatment of asthma. A comparison of two treatment regimens.
AB  - The effectiveness of epinephrine was compared to that of a combination of
      epinephrine and aminophylline in the initial treatment of acute asthma. Forty
      four patients with 51 episodes of acute asthma were evaluated. Peak flow
      spirometry served as an objective measure of airway resistance, and theophylline
      levels were determined at fixed intervals throughout the study. Epinephrine and
      aminophylline were not found to be superior to epinephrine alone. There was no
      correlation between mean serum theophylline levels and the magnitude of
      improvement. Rapidity of emergency department discharge and frequency of
      admission was independent of treatment method. The failure of epinephrine
      aminophylline to effect more rapid or profound improvement in pulmonary function
      might suggest that epinephrine alone, or an equivalent sympathomimetic is a
      rational choice in the initial treatment of acute asthma.

PMID- 376895
TI  - Immunohistologic findings in the glomerular crescents in various renal diseases.
AB  - Renal tissues from 37 patients with glomerulopathies involving glomerular
      crescents were investigated using an immunofluorescence technique.
      Immunohistologic findings revealed two kinds of crescents, those with fibrinogen
      deposits (active), and those without (inactive). The degree of IgG deposition in
      glomeruli with active crescents was much higher than in glomeruli with inactive
      crescents in acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) and chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN).
      Active crescents were observed only in biopsy specimens taken within three months
      after the onset of acute glomerulonephritis or the acute exacerbation of chronic
      glomerulonephritis. These findings suggest that in AGN and CGN active crescents
      occur in an earlier stage of glomerular lesions and a more active stage in the
      immunological process than inactive crescents. The significance of active
      crescents in SLE, diabetic nephropathy and nephropathy associated with rheumatic
      arthritis was not evaluated due to the small number of patients.

PMID- 376897
TI  - Impedance cardiography for the assessment of cardiac function during exercise.
AB  - 1. Impedance cardiography proved valuable to estimate the stroke volume and other
      cardiac parameters noninvasively, when the electrical resistivity of the blood
      was corrected with hematocrit. 2. Cardiac response to graded exercise on a
      bicycle ergometer up to the maximal load in healthy young and active middle-aged
      subjects was divided into four phases from the changes in cardiac parameters such
      as stroke volume, cardiac output, ejection index and height of the atrial wave.
      3. The ischemic patients did not tolerate well the exercise after the second
      phase or drift phase of exercise. 4. Physical training enhanced the cardiac
      function in work through increase in cardiac output and work load.

PMID- 376896
TI  - Evaluation of 99mTc-albumin dilution curve with simultaneous injection of 99mTc-
      and 131I-albumins.
AB  - A critical comparison of radiocardiograms with 99mTc- and 131I-albumins was made
      to determine whether or not 99mTc-albumin can be used as a tracer for measuring
      blood volume (BV) and cardiac output (CO). Simultaneous injection of both
      isotopes was given to twenty-two patients to obtain radiocardiograms for each by
      means of a single scintillation counter with two pulse height analyzers. Such
      method allows for the determination of the energy levels for both 99mTc and 131I.
      The radiocardiographic pattern was somewhat different between 99mTc- and 131I
      radiocardiograms: The ratio of left to right peak height was 16% on the average
      lower in the 99mTc-radiocardiogram in the 131I-one. The reason for the lower
      ratio is explained by greater absorption of 99mTc-radioactivity within the soft
      tissue interposing between the scintillation probe and heart. The values for
      99mtc-derived blood volume were 7.4% on the average larger than those for 131I
      derived blood volume (p less than 0.01), although the correlation was excellent
      (r = 0.98, p less than 0.01). There was no systemic difference between cardiac
      output determined by 99mTc- and 131I-albumins since the overstimation of blood
      volume can compensate for the understimation of CO/BV by 99mTc-study. In view of
      its rapid extravasation, 99mTc-albumin is not so appropriate tracer for accurate
      measurements of BV and CO/BV, although it may be used for measurement of cardiac
      output.

PMID- 376898
TI  - Treatment of acute left-sided heart failure with intramuscular injection of
      chlorpromazine.

PMID- 376899
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 376900
TI  - [Pituitary hormones (current topics)--subunits of glycoprotein hormones].

PMID- 376901
TI  - [Pituitary hormones (current topics)--neurophysins].

PMID- 376902
TI  - [Regulation of pituitary hormone secretion: regulation of gonadotropin
      secretion].

PMID- 376904
TI  - [History of bacteriology in Japan (31)].

PMID- 376905
TI  - [Detection of immune complex using Raji cells].

PMID- 376903
TI  - [Treatment of pituitary dwarfism].

PMID- 376906
TI  - [Dye and thermo dilution method, and impedancecardiography (author's transl)].

PMID- 376907
TI  - [Lethal short-limbed dwarfism (author's transl)].

PMID- 376908
TI  - [Experimental studies on pancreatic endocrine function of dogs after pancreatic
      duct ligation (author's transl)].

PMID- 376909
TI  - [Women and stockings. 11. Ms. Hide Saito].

PMID- 376910
TI  - [30-years' experience in public health nursing: work of Mrs. Kimie Yashima of
      Tachikawa Municipal Office].

PMID- 376911
TI  - Post-operative long-term adjuvant immunochemotherapy with mitomycin-C, PSK and FT
      207 in gastric cancer patients.
AB  - Long-term adjuvant immunochemotherapy carried out on the gastrectomized patients
      with stomach cancer was reported. The protocol comprises the administration of
      large-dose of Mitomycin-C (20+10) mg just after gastrectomy and the long-term
      administration of PSK, FT-207 or (PSK+FT-207). Almost no side effects were
      observed. According to the studies on the immunological parameters, the increased
      reactions in PPD skin test and lymphocyte blastogenesis induced by PHA and PWM
      were observed remarkably in group (P+F) 3 or 6 months after gastrectomy. As for
      the survival rate, group (P+F) showed the most preferable results at one year in
      stage IV, at two years in stage III and at three years in all the stages,
      respectively after gastrectomy.

PMID- 376912
TI  - The dying person.

PMID- 376913
TI  - Salicylate poisoning in children.

PMID- 376914
TI  - Law and the emergency nurse: emergency nurse reporting requirements.

PMID- 376915
TI  - Prinzmetal's variant angina.

PMID- 376916
TI  - The double-bind and the emergency nurse.

PMID- 376917
TI  - Trauma notebook 18. Intracranial pressure: intracranial pressure monitoring.

PMID- 376918
TI  - Animal and human bites.

PMID- 376919
TI  - Organ and tumor specificity of colon mucoprotein antigen in a rat model.
AB  - We purified a high-molecular-weight colon mucoprotein antigen (CMA) from normal
      F344 rat colon and from a transplantable dimethylhydrazine-induced colon
      carcinoma. Chemical analysis of the mucins showed similar amino acid and
      carbohydrate compositions. This finding was in contrast to the major differences
      that occurred in the composition of human CMA as a consequence of neoplasia.
      Immunohistochemical techniques were used in an examination of organ and tumor
      specificities. A New Zealand White rabbit antiserum against purified normal rat
      CMA, appropriately absorbed, detected a normal colon-specific determinant(s). The
      organ-specific determinant was lost as a consequence of neoplasia. However, a new
      tumor-specific determinant was then detected. CMA may have a potential role as an
      organ-specific marker of the neoplastic process.

PMID- 376920
TI  - A view from outside: 1963--77--historical note.

PMID- 376921
TI  - Growth of normal and malignant human mammary epithelial cells in culture.
AB  - Normal and malignant human mammary epithelial cells were placed in culture.
      Normal cells were recovered from late-lactation milk and breast fluids, and
      malignant cells were isolated from primary breast tumors by collagenase
      digestion. The concentration of cells obtained from breast fluid samples was
      inversely proportional to the volume of fluid secreted. Most of these cells
      adhered rapidly to the substrate, did not replicate, displayed Fc receptor
      dependent phagocytic activity, and were thus identified as macrophages. The
      remaining cells grew out into large islands comprised of one or two distinct
      morphologic types of mammary epithelial cells. Optimum growth of these cells was
      obtained in medium buffered to pH 6.8, and the epidermal growth factor markedly
      prolonged the exponential growth phase of the cells. Two morphologically distinct
      populations of epithelial cells were also observed in cultures established from
      individual breast tumors. Growth of the malignant cells was relatively unaffected
      by the pH of the culture medium, and the cells were unresponsive to exogenously
      added hormones. Overgrowth of malignant epithelial cells in primary cultures by
      stromal fibroblasts was retarded by replacement of standard growth medium with
      fresh medium containing a serum substitute; growth of the malignant epithelial
      cells was unaffected. A feeder layer of mitomycin C-treated human fibroblasts
      increased the plating efficiency of both normal and malignant cells in primary
      culture and also facilitated passage of these cells to secondary and tertiary
      cultures.

PMID- 376922
TI  - Bone tissue: composition and function.
AB  - A relatively small amount of bone tissue is present in the human body in view of
      the tissue's structural and chemical importance. The disparity between the
      constant appearance of mineralized bone matrix, regardless of source, under the
      electron microscope and the variability of previously reported analyses of bone
      specimens of a much larger size was disturbing and led to studies of the content
      and distribution of water in bone tissue and in whole bone specimens. Water in
      premineralized bone matrix is largely replaced by the non-crystalline (amorphous)
      and crystalline mineral phase without changes in the overall volume of bone
      matrix or that of whole bones, nor in the volume and position of collagen
      fibrils. This resistance to volume and fibril position change during
      mineralization is probably unique to bone tissue, and permitted critical water
      analyses of whole bone specimens of varying porosity. When marrow and bone tissue
      weight and volume analyses were compared with the specific gravity of whole bone
      specimens, constancy of the composition of bone tissue in these specimens was
      demonstrated. This result led to a concentration of our studies on the cells that
      synthesize and control this unique tissue. Currently, the investigations of this
      laboratory are oriented to study of the enzyme chemistry of isolated bone cells
      and of whole bone specimens, as well as the localization of matrix-bound and
      membrane-bound enzymes in bone tissue by histochemical techniques suitable for
      electron microscopy.

PMID- 376923
TI  - [Prevention, management and control--aspects in heart and coronary diseases].

PMID- 376924
TI  - [60th anniversary of the Finnish Federation of Midwives, 3-16-1979. Greetings].

PMID- 376925
TI  - [Main address].

PMID- 376926
TI  - [Profile: Hisako Sano continues her activities as a staff nurse in a national
      pediatric hospital in Tripoli Libya].

PMID- 376928
TI  - [Prof. Iosif Grigor'evich Turovets].

PMID- 376929
TI  - [Complex treatment of trophic ulcers of the lower limbs].

PMID- 376930
TI  - [Conditions affecting the results of surgical treatment of nerve injuries].

PMID- 376931
TI  - [Endocrine balance of the body in the early postoperative period].

PMID- 376933
TI  - [Iurii Semenovich Gilevich (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 376932
TI  - [Reconstruction of the tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus in children at
      late periods after injury].

PMID- 376934
TI  - [Recent aspects on the use of specific antisera in diagnosis and therapy of acute
      lymphatic leukaemia in infants (author's transl)].
AB  - Acute lymphatic leukaemia (ALL) in infants is a very heterogeneous disease from
      the immunological point of view. Phaenotyping of leukaemic cells in 138 patients
      via different immunmarkers has so far allowed subdivision into 6 subgroups.
      Clinical risk factors and correlations with the immunologically defined
      subgroups, as well as their significance for prognosis, are demonstrated with the
      help of 61 examined ALL patients. 90-95% of all acute lymphatic leukaemias can
      presently be identified via heterologous antisera. After corresponding
      absorption, these antisera show high cytotoxicity against ALL cells without
      displaying any aggressivity towards normal haemopoetic stem cells. The authors
      make therapeutic use of anti-T cell and anti-common ALL (cALL) globulin in
      autologous bone marrow transplantation. This method involves withdrawal of bone
      marrow from patients with ALL in complete remission, the marrow being then
      fractionated, treated with antiserum to destroy residual leukaemic cells, and
      then cryopreserved. The leukaemia-free bone marrow will thus be available for
      transplantation in relapse.

PMID- 376935
TI  - [Monitoring of remission quality in acute leukemia of childhood by repeated
      determinations of B-cell-allo-antigen on lymphoblasts (author's transl)].
AB  - B-Cell-allo-antigen was demonstrated on lymphoblasts of children with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia and on 14 permanent growing lymphoblastoid cell-lines.
      Pooled sera of 4 selected multiparas and a rabbit antiserum were used as specific
      antisera. Antigen was more effectively detected with heterologous antibodies than
      with human antisera. Primary lymphoblasts were characterized by B-cell-allo
      antigen and lack of membrane immunoglobulins and Fc-receptors on the same cell.
      The quality of remission, i.e. the early diagnosis of relapse was better surveyed
      by immunological characterization than by cytological assessment. The bone marrow
      was examined in 8 patients with initial leukemia, in 13 patients with partial
      remission and in 30 patients in complete hematological remission. A striking
      discrepancy between immunological and cytological examination was observed in the
      bone marrow 4 weeks after inital anti-leukemic chemotherapy. At that time an
      increased number of blast-typed cells could still be counted in the immunological
      evaluation, although the cytological evaluation revealed already a complete
      hematological remission.

PMID- 376936
TI  - [Characteristics of human external respiration under excess intrapulmonary
      pressure under sea level and "altitude" conditions according to
      pneumotachographic data].
AB  - In 54 pressure chamber experiments 12 healthy male test subjects took part. Their
      pneumotachograms and other physiological parameters at a positive pressure
      breathing of 30 mm Hg at sea level and of 125--130 mm Hg at an altitude of 25,000
      m at rest and while exercising were recorded. High altitude facilities and
      pneumotachograph were modified to meet the experimental requirements. The changes
      in pneumotachographic readings depended on the excess intrapulmonary pressure,
      its variations with respect to the respiratory stages, efficiency of the external
      counterpressure on the body, as well as motor activity of the test subjects. The
      pneumotachographic procedure allows qualitative and quantitative evaluations of
      external respiration upon excess intrapulmonary pressure, and study of the
      mechanism of these changes supported by other physiological methods.

PMID- 376937
TI  - Immune responses to organ allografts. I. Intense B-cell response to heart
      allografts in lymphoid tissues of unmodified rats.

PMID- 376938
TI  - Experimental rabies in skunks: immunofluorescence light and electron microscopic
      studies.
AB  - Striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) were inoculated into the abductor digiti
      quinti muscle with street rabies virus isolated from salivary glands of rabid
      skunks. Using the immunofluorescence technique, antigen was detected in muscle
      cells at the inoculation site before it was detected in the central nervous
      system. Neurons and their processes in nearly all regions of the brain, spinal
      cord, cerebrospinal ganglia, and peripheral nerves contained antigen in terminal
      stages of the disease. Electron microscopically, matrix (viral nucleocapsid),
      virions, and anomalous viral products were mainly in neuronal perikarya and
      dendrites, and less often in myelinated axons. Matrices, virions, and crystalloid
      structures were in muscle fibers at the inoculation site. Viral budding occurred
      on endoplasmic reticulum, neurotubules, and neuronal plasma membrane. In the
      brain and dorsal horn of the spinal cord, virus budded from the postsynaptic and
      adjacent dendritic or perikaryal plasma membrane. There was simultaneous
      esotropic uptake of these particles by adjacent axon terminals. The results
      strongly suggest that direct transneuronal transfer of virus from perikarya and
      dendrites to adjacent axon terminals is a mechanism in dissemination of rabies in
      the central nervous system of striped skunks. Variation in the length of the
      incubation period may be due partly to replication or virus in myocytes at the
      inoculation site and subsequent transfer to peripheral nerves.

PMID- 376940
TI  - Flow cytometry of isolated nuclei prepared from 9L rat brain tumor.
AB  - Nuclei isolated by grinding 9L rat brain tumors gave a DNA distribution
      consisting of a 2C DNA peak due to noncycling normal cells and a bimodal
      distribution beginning at about 4C DNA due to the cycling tumor cells.
      Autoradiographic studies of nuclei from rats that received a pulse of 3H-TdR in
      vivo confirmed that the majority of proliferating cells were in the bimodal part
      of the distribution. The fraction of cells in S-phase determined from the DNA
      distributions was 15.3 per cent. This is consistent with a labeling index of 18
      per cent determined from autoradiographs of tumor tissue and an S-phase fraction
      of 17 per cent determined from a fraction of labeled mitosis analysis (assuming
      that all of the 53 per cent noncycling cells are in G0). We also determined, by
      autoradiographic analysis of cells sorted from the tumor's mid-S-phase region,
      that only 58 per cent of these cells were labeled. We attribute this mostly to
      the presence of fluorescent debris from necrotic nuclei in this part of the
      distribution.

PMID- 376939
TI  - Mesangial glomerulonephropathy with deposition of IgG, IgM, and C3 induced by
      mercuric chloride: a new model.
AB  - A mesangial glomerulonephropathy, characterized by the deposition of rat IgG,
      IgM, and C3 in the glomerular mesangium, was produced in Wistar rats by a
      prolonged administration of mercuric chloride (HgCl2). The HgCl2 was dissolved in
      sterile distilled water (0.2 mg. per ml.), and a group of 15 male Wistar rats was
      given injections subcutaneously three times a week on alternate days at a dosage
      of 0.15 mg. per 100 gm. of body weight for 27 weeks. A control group of nine rats
      was given injections of distilled water only. Mesangial glomerulonephropathy
      developed in 12 of 15 rats injected with HgCl2 and was characterized by the
      following: (1) coarse granular and nodular deposition of rat IgG, IgM, and C3 in
      the mesangium of all glomeruli, (2) absence of staining for rat albumin, IgA, and
      fibrin, (3) presence of electron-dense deposits in the mesangium, (4) focal and
      segmental proliferation of the mesangial matrix, (5) interstitial inflammation,
      (6) tubular atrophy, and (7) deposition of periodic acid-Schiff-positive material
      in the medulla adjacent to the thin limbs of the loops of Henle. Glycosuria and a
      slight increase in proteinuria were observed transiently in some rats. The blood
      urea nitrogen levels were normal in all rats. Eluates from the kidneys with heavy
      mesangial deposits contained rat IgG. However, the eluted antibody failed to
      react with normal rat kidney tissue components. None of the above findings were
      present in the control rats. The study provides a model of a mesangial
      nephropathy that seems to be immunologically induced; however, the mechanism for
      the formation and deposition of the immune deposits containing rat IgG, IgM, and
      C3, and the nature of the antigen(s) have not been elucidated.

PMID- 376941
TI  - Determinants of glomerular localization of subepithelial immune deposits: effects
      of altered antigen to antibody ratio, steroids, vasoactive amine antagonists, and
      aminonucleoside of puromycin on passive Heymann nephritis in rats.
AB  - The role of circulating immune complex deposition versus in situ complex
      formation in membranous nephropathy is controversial. Passive Heymann nephritis
      in rats resembles membranous nephropathy in man and was induced by injection of
      sheep antibody to rat proximal tubular epithelial cell brush border antigen (anti
      Fx1A). Minutes after injection of 1 ml. of anti-Fx1A, subepithelial immune
      deposits were seen by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, and proteinuria
      appeared within 5 days. The effects of alterations in the dose of administered
      antibody, corticosteroid therapy, and vasoactive amine blockade on the
      development of subepithelial deposits and consequent proteinura were studied.
      Variation of the dose of anti-Fx1A from 0.25 ml. to 1 ml. resulted in a
      progressive increase in the size and number of glomerular capillary wall
      deposits, but no alterations in their distribution. Only those rats which
      received 1 ml. became proteinuric within 5 days. Corticosteroid therapy and
      vasoactive amine blockade, begun 24 hours prior to the induction of passive
      Heymann nephritis and continued until termination of the study 5 days later, had
      no effect on the amount or site of immune complex formation, nor on the extent of
      proteinuria as compared to untreated controls. In contrast, in rats with
      unilateral proteinuria produced by the selective perfusion of one kidney with
      aminonucleoside of puromycin 7 days prior to the induction of passive Heymann
      nephritis, there was a marked reduction of subepithelial deposits in the perfused
      kidney as compared to the nonperfused contralateral kidney. In this model of
      membranous nephropathy, systemic factors play little role in the development of
      subepithelial deposits, whereas local factors are critical. These findings are
      consistent with the hypothesis that subepithelial immune deposits form locally.

PMID- 376942
TI  - Use of a common Indian herb "Mandukaparni" in the treatment of leprosy. A
      preliminary report.

PMID- 376943
TI  - The role of macrophages in leprosy as studied by protein synthesis of macrophages
      from resistant and susceptible hosts--a mouse and human study.
AB  - 3H-leucine uptake by macrophages from swiss white and C57BL mice before and after
      M. leprae infection was studied. A depression in 3H-leucine uptake after
      infection was observed only in swiss white mice. 3H-leucine uptake was also
      studied in blood derived macrophages from normals, and LL and TT patients. A
      depression was obtained in 3H-leucine uptake after M. leprae infection in
      macrophages from LL patients.

PMID- 376944
TI  - Histopathologic study of clinically normal appearing skin in lepromatous leprosy.
AB  - Skin biopsies from clinically normal skin of the scalp, axillary and groin
      regions in 20 lepromatous leprosy patients revealed significant histopathological
      findings in upto 25 percent of the patients. The positive findings could,
      perhaps, be enhanced by studying larger skin materials from these body areas.
      Indeed, no skin area appears to be immune from invasion by Myco. leprae.

PMID- 376946
TI  - Complement activation in vitro induced by endotoxin and injured tissue.

PMID- 376945
TI  - The significance of changes in the nasal mucosa in indeterminate, tuberculoid and
      borderline leprosy.
AB  - A study of nasal biopsies from 137 leprosy patients classified on the basis of
      clinical, microbiological and skin biopsy as Indeterminate, Tuberculoid,
      Borderline-tuberculoid and Borderline-leproma was undertaken. Changes suggestive
      of leprosy viz., nerve and smooth muscle inflammation with a few acid fast
      bacilli in a proportion of the biopsies were seen in all groups of patients
      examined. This suggests, that even in Indeterminate and Tuberculoid leprosy the
      disease becomes generalised by the time clinical manifestations appear in skin.
      Tuberculoid granuloma was seen in two nasal biopsies from Borderline-tuberculoid
      leprosy patients, one of which was located in the wall of a vein, suggesting the
      possibility of intravascular dissemination of the disease even in non-lepromatous
      leprosy. 33 of the patients were children 15 years and below and they also showed
      changes such as nerve and smooth muscle inflammation but bacilli were seen only
      in the Borderline group. These findings suggest involvement of the nasal mucosa
      early in the course of the disease as 70% of the children had the skin lesion for
      less than one year. The nasal mucosa offers favourable conditions for the growth
      of the organisms and is readily accessible to infection by droplets, and
      therefore, it could be one of the primary sites of involvement in leprosy.

PMID- 376947
TI  - Current research review. Surgery and fibrinolysis.

PMID- 376949
TI  - The familial incidence of alcoholism: a review.

PMID- 376948
TI  - Bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy of the cancer-contaminated wound.

PMID- 376950
TI  - Combination chemotherapy for soft-tissue sarcomas: a phase III study.
AB  - A total of 144 patients with advanced sarcomas were entered into a randomized
      prospective protocol with four treatment arms utilizing different combinations of
      chemotherapeutic agents. Of these, 120 patients (83%) were judged acceptable.
      Treatment  1: actinomycin-D (Act-D), 0.01 mg/kg IV, days 1--5; phenylalanine
      mustard (L-PAM), 4 mg PO, days 1--10 every six weeks. Treatment  2: Act-D, 0.01
      mg/kg IV, days 1--5; L-PAM, 4 mg PO, days 1--10; vincristine, 1 mg IV, days 1, 8,
      15, 22, 29, 36, repeat every six weeks. Treatment  3: Act-D, 0.01 mg/kg IV, days
      1--5; L-PAM, 4 mg PO, DAYS 1--10; NSC-1026, 200 mg/kg IV, days 1--6. Treatment 
      4: Adriamycin, 0.4 mg/kg IV, days 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, then 2XWK starting day 15
      (max. 1,200 mg). There was a provision that upon progression of the disease in
      the first three treatment regimens, patients would be crossed over to Treatment 
      4. Responses were as follows:  1 - Partial Response (PR) 1/25; No Change (NC)
      9/25 (36%). gF2 - NC 17/26 (65%).  3 - NC 13/25 (52%).  4 - Complete Response
      (CR) 1/41; PR 6/41; (15%); NC 27/41 (66%). Clearly Treatment  4 was the best arm,
      with a 17% response rate and an initial progression rate of 17%. The only other
      response was a partial in  1. The difference is statistically significant (H =
      17.247, P = 0.0006). If the responders to Adriamycin were analyzed without
      crossovers, the response rate would be 22% (6/27). (H =  14.079, P = 0.003).
      Median times to progression were 12.5, 8.7 weeks for  1 and  2, and 5 weeks for 
      3 and  4. There was no significant difference in the median survival times among
      the four treatment arms. It appears that Adriamycin as a single drug is superior
      to the drug combinations and would probably be even more effective used in
      combination with known active agents.

PMID- 376951
TI  - A stochastic model of recombination during conjugation in Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 376952
TI  - Differential lung blood flows in experimental unilateral emphysema: nonvalidity
      of perfusion scans.
AB  - As part of an evaluation of the effects of left lung transplantation in dogs with
      papain emphysema of the right lung, differential lung blood flows were estimated
      by in vivo scintiscan of 99Mc-macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) and, after
      sacrifice, by direct counting of isotopically labeled carbonized microspheres. In
      six dogs, percentage flow to the right lung was calculated at the following four
      times: before and after induction of papain emphysema and 2 and 6 weeks after
      left lung autotransplantation. After the induction of right lung emphysema, the
      right lung in four of six animals continued to receive more than 50 percent of
      the total pulmonary blood flow. No correlation could be established between right
      lung blood flow determined by carbonized microsphere distribution (true right
      lung blood flow) and the flow determined by anterior and posterior scintiscans
      (apparent right lung blood flow). This discrepancy was caused by gross distortion
      of the right, emphysematous lungs, which had herniated into the left
      hemithoraces. This herniation was demonstrated by coronal slices taken through
      the thoraces of two additional dogs with right lung emphysema that were given
      radiolabeled carbonized microspheres and 99Tc-MAA and frozen after sacrifice.
      These results indicate that external scintiscans for which the particulate
      distribution technique are used are invalid in circumstances of altered lung
      geometry.

PMID- 376953
TI  - Pectus carinatum.
AB  - In the mirror of the pertinent literature, we present our experiences gained in
      161 operations for pectus carinatum. The Type I (keel chest) deformity is
      corrected by bilateral resection of the costal cartilages, transverse osteotomy
      of the sternum, detachment of the xiphoid process, and resection of the lower end
      of the body of the sternum. The sternum is maintained in its corrected position
      by utilizing the pulling force of the rectus muscles through the reattached
      xiphoid and by tacking the pectoralis muscles together in front of the breast
      bone. Type II (pouter pigeon breast) is handled by double transverse osteotomy,
      chiseling off the protuberant portion of the strernomanuberial junction, and by
      supporting the lower sternal body with either the suspended xiphoid process or
      with Marlex mesh. Limited forms of Type III  (asymmetrical or lateral pectus
      carinatum) are managed with simple resection of the involved cartilages only. If
      the anomaly is more extensive, bilateral resection of the cartilages and
      correction of the sternal axis is carried out.

PMID- 376955
TI  - [History of American nursing concept in Japan. The concept of comprehensive
      nursing].

PMID- 376954
TI  - Epidemiology of the leukaemias in Africa.

PMID- 376956
TI  - [History of American nursing concept in Japan. Nursing plans and POS (problem
      oriented system)].

PMID- 376957
TI  - [History of American nursing concept in Japan. The modern theory on needs].

PMID- 376958
TI  - [History of American nursing concept in Japan. Nursing diagnosis: its history and
      overview].

PMID- 376959
TI  - [History of American nursing concept in Japan. Patient-oriented nursing and team
      nursing].

PMID- 376960
TI  - [The development of doctoral education in nursing: a historical perspective].

PMID- 376961
TI  - Qualitative and quantitative changes in thoracic duct lymph during canine
      experimental shock.
AB  - Changes of the body fluid exchange and of the composition of metabolites in the
      hepatosplanchnic area in canine hemorrhagic and endotoxin or septic shock models
      were studied by investigating the qualitative and quantitative changes in
      thoracic duct lymph draining from abdominal organs. In the present study, it
      might be summarized that the changes in the flow rate and composition of thoracic
      duct lymph were put forward to much more directly and apparently indicate the
      degree of hepatosplanchnic cellular impairment in canine experimental shock than
      in the circulating blood.

PMID- 376962
TI  - Training future surgeons for the academic surgical arena.

PMID- 376963
TI  - Error propagation in viable cells.
AB  - Error propagation is the process, predicted by theoretical models, whereby errors
      in translating the genetic code will beget fresh errors in successive
      generations. It has been postulated that error propagation may underly the
      mortality of cells which display clonal senescence. We have demonstrated the
      occurrence of error propagation in viable cells of E. coli during growth in a low
      concentration of streptomycin, a drug which promotes ribosomal ambiguity. We
      monitored error propagation by measuring mistranslation of a specific UAA codon,
      and measured viability by direct enumeration of both live and dead cells through
      a sensitive microscopic technique. We find that the error frequency may be
      artificially increased by at least an order of magnitude without generating any
      detectable increase in the proportion of dead cells or of cells whose descendents
      are doomed to clonal senescence. The error frequency increases gradually over the
      course of a few generations, in qualitative agreement with the notion of error
      propagation, and eventually stabilizes at a constant value much higher than
      normal. The kinetics of this increase agree quantitatively with the Hoffman
      Kirkwood and Holliday formulation of error propagation, for parameter values
      which dictate convergence to a stable error frequency. This convergent behaviour,
      under conditions of enhanced mistranslation, demonstrates that the normal
      parameters are well removed from the region of instability in error propagation;
      even an order of magnitude increase in mistranslation does not tip the
      translation system into the unstable mode which has been postulated to underly
      cell senescence. Thus, the error catastrophe theory of cell senescence cannot
      apply to the translation system of bacteria. We have reviewed experimental data
      on the fidelity of translation in somatic cells of higher organisms which
      militate against the notion that the translation system in these cell types could
      be much closer to the region of instability than in bacteria. These
      considerations controvert the error catastrophe theory of cell senescence.

PMID- 376964
TI  - Dissociation of the effects of nicotinic acid on vasodilatation and lipolysis by
      a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, in man.
AB  - The effects of nicotinic acid on plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration and
      forearm blood flow were studied in seven healthy fasting volunteers with and
      without pretreatment by indomethacin to see if some effects of nicotinic acid are
      mediated by release of endogenous prostaglandin. 1 g of nicotinic acid per os
      decreased plasma FFA concentration to a lowest value of 1/4 of initial level and
      increased forearm blood flow four times. When the same dose of nicotinic acid was
      given after pretreatment with indomethacin, the blood flow increase was only 1/3
      of that without indomethacin. Indomethacin did not alter the rapid initial
      decrease in plasma FFA, although the period of low FFA concentration was
      shortened and the rebound to supranormal concentration was abolished. Thus the
      vasodilatory effect of nicotinic acid seems to be mediated by release of
      endogenous prostaglandin while the inhibition of lipolysis by the drug is mainly
      produced by other mechanisms.

PMID- 376966
TI  - Reassessing the early effect of concurrent review on length of stay: Illinois,
      1971--72.
AB  - The Hospital Admission and Surveillance Program (HASP) was a pre-PSRO program in
      Illinois. Established in February 1972, its objective was to reduce the cost of
      care given to Medicaid beneficiaries in that state. HASP approved length of stay
      (L.O.S.) on a prospective only basis, so that all Medicaid patients were reported
      promptly on admission. During 1972, the Illinois Medicaid program was rapidly
      expanding in patient volume, but not in scope of services. This study compares
      patients admitted to 46 hospitals in Illinois before and after the establishment
      of HASP. To adjust for changes in case mix between the two periods, each patient
      was matched for age, diagnosis and illness severity with patients in an
      appropriate comparison group. The complex process of matching raised the
      likelihood that changes in L.O.S. were caused by HASP's activities and not by
      other factors. L.O.S. fell significantly more for Medicaid than for non-Medicaid
      patients. In addition, the mix of diagnoses changed more markedly for Medicaid
      than non-Medicaid patients, emphasizing the need for case mix adjustments in this
      before-and-after study. Some findings suggest that the "post-HASP" admissions had
      the greater need for hospital care; this trend affected both Medicaid and non
      Medicaid patients, however, The combined evidence suggests that concurrent
      review, as implemented by HASP, helped shorten L.O.S. in 1972. Whether quality of
      care changed was not studied.

PMID- 376965
TI  - Hypothalamic hormones and behaviour.
AB  - In recent years evidence has accumulated that hypothalamic hormones may influence
      behaviour directly, independently of their hypophysiotropic effects. Such a dual
      role has also been shown for several peptide hormones of pituitary and peripheral
      origin. The present synopsis is concerned with the effects of neuropeptides on
      spontaneous behaviour, acquired responses in certain psychological test
      situations, and drug-induced behavioural effects. A growing body of evidence
      suggests, that neuropeptides are involved in different behavioural processes.
      Some peptides selectively influence behaviours such as feeding, drinking, sexual
      responses etc. Other neuropeptides seem to influence behaviour by acting on
      processes which are a common integral part of the production of behaviour, namely
      the ability to receive environmental stimuli, to consolidate, retain and retrieve
      information. The insight into these mechanisms is important for the understanding
      of mental disturbances and in order to find specific therapy.

PMID- 376967
TI  - Carrier discretionary practices and physician payment under Medicare Part B: a
      preliminary report.
AB  - Although Medicare is a national program, administration of Part B payments to
      physicians is in the hands of insurance organizations in ten Medicare regions.
      The carriers follow varying practices in using actual charges within localities
      as the basis for determining reasonable charges for physicians' services. While
      some of these practices have already been shown to influence fee levels,
      reasonable charge determination involves many more whose influence has not been
      systematically studied. This paper reviews preliminary findings from a study
      which examines carrier differences in discretionary practices as to specialties,
      localities and other claims data that may be merged or compared with Medicare
      data in determining customary and prevailing prices used to set limits on
      Medicare payments, and other practices reported in an official questionnaire to
      carriers. The effect on fee levels and other measures of program performance is
      being studied after taking into account social, economic and health resource
      variables extracted from the Area Resource File, that are expected to influence
      local medical prices through the demand for and supply of physicians' services.
      Dependent variables representing fees are the 50th percentile of the distribution
      of weighted customary charges of individual physicians in an area and
      Supplementary Medical Insurance expenditure per enrollee. The preliminary
      findings in this paper concern discretionary practices, socioeconomic variables
      and fee distributions.

PMID- 376968
TI  - Injury and repair of liver cells.
AB  - Alterations in hepatocytes, progressing to necrosis, are the morphologic basis
      for the main clinical manifestations and aberrations in hepatic test results in
      acute and chronic liver disease. The light-microscopic manifestations of
      hepatocellular injury, the mechanisms of necrosis, the light-microscopic features
      of repair and regeneration, and the applications of histologic alterations to the
      management and prognosis of liver disease are reviewed.

PMID- 376969
TI  - Host resistance in liver disease--its evaluation and therapeutic modification.
AB  - We have attempted to review some of the factors involved in host resistance and
      the variations in the individual responses to the infectious and noxious agents
      to which we are increasingly exposed. Few treatment modalities are available to
      favorably influence host resistance, but clearly, this approach to the treatment
      of liver disease represents an opportunity for the future.

PMID- 376970
TI  - Liver transplantation.
AB  - This assessment of the role of liver transplantation in treating end-stage liver
      disease today is based on two major series, one from Denver and the other from
      the Cambridge/Kings College Hospital, England. The findings of these groups are
      highlighted, as are the changes in technique that have led to considerably
      improved survival in the past two years.

PMID- 376972
TI  - Advances in the management of bile duct obstruction: percutaneous transhepatic
      cholangiography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
AB  - Jaundice can be diagnosed anatomically and frequently histopathologically without
      laparotomy by radiologic and endoscopic techniques, combined with biopsy or
      cytology. Benign and malignant causes of bile duct obstruction can be managed by
      endoscopic and radiologic methods with reduced morbidity and mortality,
      displacing abdominal operation for many entities. Even unresectable or inoperable
      lesions can be effectively palliated by these new techniques.

PMID- 376971
TI  - Studies of nucleic acid and collagen synthesis: current status in assessing liver
      repair.
AB  - Much progress has been made in delineating biochemical, physiologic and
      morpholigic events in liver regeneration and collagen synthesis. Pharmacologic
      agents have been purported to be helpful in facilitating repair and preventing
      fibrosis. Objective indices are now available to monitor their effectiveness in
      man.

PMID- 376973
TI  - Viral hepatitis: progress and problems.
AB  - The recognition of viral hepatitis has been facilitated by the use of serologic
      studies for types A, B, and non-A, non-B. The course is best determined by serum
      enzyme determinations, followed by clearance studies of bile acids or dyes once
      the serum enzymes return to normal. In patients with persisting clinical or
      biochemical abnormalities and those in which the nature of the disease is not
      known, liver biopsy should be done.

PMID- 376974
TI  - Clearance tests of liver function.
AB  - Measurement of the clearance of substances removed from the circulation primarily
      by the liver, which depends on the uptake, storage, and excretory capacity of the
      liver, provides the most sensitive, specific, and reliable test for hepatic
      function. Since serum enzymes and other tests of liver function do not permit
      detection of early phase injury or provide information on progress, and since the
      use of sulfobromophthalein has been discontinued because of occasional fatal
      reactions, substitutes are necessary. Clearance of indocyanine green, bile acid,
      and exogenous metabolites such as galactose, protein, and aminopyrine are
      reviewed.

PMID- 376975
TI  - Immunologic aspects of liver disease.

PMID- 376976
TI  - [Mutagenic properties of various chemical compounds as evaluated by induction of
      the prophage lambda of E coli K12].

PMID- 376977
TI  - [Storage of Shigella flexneri with virulence preserved].

PMID- 376978
TI  - [Rate of nucleotide synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae at various growth
      phases].

PMID- 376979
TI  - [Neonatal intensive care and respiratory care of very low birth weight newborn
      infants].

PMID- 376980
TI  - [An epidemic of Shigella sonnei in a Swedish UN battalion].

PMID- 376981
TI  - [Urinary tract infections. Virulence factors in E coli bacteria].

PMID- 376982
TI  - [Urinary tract infections. Level diagnosis].

PMID- 376983
TI  - [Clinical experiences with a human fibrin adhesive in head and neck surgery
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Clinical experiences in a timespan of two and a half years with a human
      fibrinogen concentrate in head and neck surgery are reported. In 49 patients with
      different bleeding disorders tonsillectomies, adenectomies and nasal
      dermoplasties (Osler's disease) were carried out. In these cases primary
      hemostasis due to the fibrin adhesive combined with an allogenic collagen implant
      could be obtained without any subsitution of the deficient blood clotting
      factors. In all these cases no complications could be observed. In other 193
      cases which underwent a surgical treatment in the head and neck region
      (frontobasal and laterobasal fractures, rupture of the carotid artery, closure of
      perforations of the nasal septum and oroantral fistulas, different methods of
      skinmucosa- and nerve-grafting) the fibrin adhesive was successfully used.

PMID- 376984
TI  - Assessement of surgical procedures for Meniere's disease.
AB  - There are numerous surgical procedures for the treatment of Meniere's disease,
      and the current status of their efficacy is controversial. A review of the
      literature is presented as a basis for the evaluation of the relative merit of
      these procedures. Emphasis is placed on endolymphatic sac procedures,
      sacculotomy, vestibular neurectomy and labyrinthectomy. Vestibular neurectomy and
      surgical labyrinthectomy provide high rates of improvement in vertigo. The
      hearing is frequently made worse by vestibular neurectomy. Endolymphatic sac
      procedures result in improvement in vertigo less frequently. They are most likely
      to improve hearing. Although sacculotomies are associated with improvement in
      vertigo in approximately 80% of patients, they are associated with high rates of
      hearing loss.

PMID- 376985
TI  - The buried nasolabial flap.

PMID- 376986
TI  - The transseptal approach to lesions of the pituitary and parasellar regions.
AB  - In a series of 505 consecutive procedures, the transseptal-transsphenoidal
      pituitary operation has proved safe and effective. The overall mortality in this
      series is 1.39%. A wide variety of sphenoid and sellar lesions and nearly every
      pituitary adenoma have been found suitable for the exposure provided through the
      sublabial-transseptal approach. This statement rests on the premise that both the
      rhinologist's and the neurosurgeon's skills are optimally applied to each case.
      The role of the otorhinolaryngologist is defined in this paper, and the benefits
      of the team approach are explored. An interpretive history of the transsphenoidal
      approach is presented, and the evolution of the transseptal technique developed
      at the Mayo Clinic from 1972 to 1978 is reviewed. Emphasizing the rhinologic
      aspects, all details of the surgical technique are described and illustrated. Our
      experience with the special endocrine syndromes is also reviewed to spotlight
      clinical features that require individual consideration by the rhinologic
      surgeon.

PMID- 376987
TI  - Directory of otolaryngologic societies.

PMID- 376988
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Gerhard Witzstrock].

PMID- 376990
TI  - [Psychological problems in the stomatologic treatment of children].

PMID- 376989
TI  - [Endodontics of the European of the Mediterranean basin in antiquity].

PMID- 376991
TI  - [Adherence of bridges].

PMID- 376992
TI  - [Reciprocity of the lesions and treatment of the pulp and periodontium].

PMID- 376993
TI  - [Franjo Kresnik, M. D., the Croatian Guarneri (author's transl)].

PMID- 376994
TI  - [The psychophysiologic theory of cancer. (A review) (author's transl)].

PMID- 376995
TI  - [The 80th anniversary of Dr. Milos Skarica].

PMID- 376996
TI  - [Aleksandar P. Borodin, a well known physician, chemist and composer (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 376997
TI  - alpha-Bungarotoxin binding sites in the CNS.

PMID- 376998
TI  - Turnover of the plasma membrane of mammalian cells.

PMID- 376999
TI  - Pregnancy failure in hypophysectomized rats following LH-RH administration.

PMID- 377000
TI  - Ribosome accumulation and the regulation of epidermal hyperplastic growth.

PMID- 377001
TI  - [Scientific and professional activities of Prof. Witold Zahorski].

PMID- 377002
TI  - The potential of relaxation training for the mentally retarded.

PMID- 377003
TI  - Speaking for themselves: a bibliography of writings by mentally handicapped
      individuals.

PMID- 377004
TI  - Concerning hypogonadism of Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome.

PMID- 377005
TI  - The effect of aging on carbohydrate metabolism: a review of the English
      literature and a practical approach to the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in the
      elderly.
AB  - There seems little doubt that the disposal of a glucose load is progressively
      impaired during aging. The mechanism(s) for this alteration remains unclear. Five
      possibilities have been raised: (1) poor diet, (2) physical inactivity, (3)
      decreased lean body mass in which to store the carbohydrate load, (4) decreased
      insulin secretion, and (5) insulin antagonism. Although poor diet and physical
      inactivity may contribute to some of the abnormal glucose tolerance tests of the
      older population, these two factors do not provide a full explanation. Diminished
      lean body mass may play some role but there is almost certainly an additional
      effect due to aging. A few papers have suggested that glucose-induced insulin
      secretion may be impaired as the population ages, but the bulk of studies in this
      area conclude that normal or increased amounts of insulin are released by the
      pancreatic beta-cell during aging. If abnormalities of insulin secretion exist,
      either in degree or timing, they are subtle and would not seem sufficient to
      account for the great number of older subjects who manifest impaired glucose
      tolerance. The evidence for insulin antagonism seems the strongest but the data
      are certainly not conclusive. In actuality, the aging effect on carbohydrate
      metabolism may be heterogeneous in nature. Either some or all of these five
      factors may contribute to the aging effect to varying degrees in individual
      subjects. Alternatively, the glucose intolerance of aging may represent a
      heterogeneous group of disorders. In any event, until better methods to identify
      possible subgroups of these subjects and/or a marker for diabetes mellitus
      independent of glucose concentration become available, this problem will remain
      difficult to resolve. Based on the currently available data, it seems prudent to
      diagnose diabetes mellitus only if fasting hyperglycemia is present.

PMID- 377006
TI  - The determination of sequential strategies of diagnostic tests: comparison of
      different methods by simulation.

PMID- 377007
TI  - Computer-assisted writing of medical reports--a bibliography.

PMID- 377008
TI  - Isolation and characterization of yeast mutants auxotrophic for 2'-deoxythymidine
      5'-monophosphate.
AB  - Mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae auxotrophic for deoxythymidine
      monophosphate (dTMP) were isolated and characterized. Two distinct classes of
      auxotrophs were obtained. One class had a simple requirement for dTMP and was
      analogous to thymine-requiring bacteria. The second class required dTMP, adenine,
      histidine and methionine and this complex nutritional phenotype was due to
      defects in folate metabolism. The dTMP-dependent growth of respiratory-competent
      grande auxotrophs was found to be markedly affected by media composition and
      carbon source. In the absence of dTMP thymineless death occurred in both mutant
      classes.

PMID- 377009
TI  - Repetition of tetracycline resistance determinant genes on R plasmid pRSD1 in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The 30 megadalton (Mdal)-conjugative, fi- plasmid pRSD1 determines inducible
      tetracycline resistance (Tc) in Escherichia coli. As shown by restriction
      analysis, a 3.5 Mdal-EcoRI fragment of pRSD1 spliced into the small plasmid
      pRSD2124 comprises the entire Tc determinant (tet) region. A restriction map of
      pRSD1 is presented which includes the location of the tet region and of an
      "underwound" loop not related to Tc (Burkardt et al., 1978). Selective
      amplification of tet genes is demonstrated by three lines of evidence. (i) The
      resistance level of cell harbouring pRSD1 increases approximately tenfold by
      induction with 10 microgram/ml of tetracycline. Further growth in the presence of
      100 microgram/ml of the drug ("tetracycline stress") selects for cells with even
      higher resistance levels (about 300 microgram/ml) in rec+ cells. In a recA
      strain, a smaller proportion of cells attains these high resistance levels
      suggesting the involvement of host recombination. (ii) Electron micrographs of
      pRSD1-DNA isolated from tetracycline-stressed cells reveal a heterogeneous
      population of circular DNA molecules ranging between 1.7 and 21.6 micron. The
      distribution of contour lengths shows a discrete pattern ascribed to the presence
      of autonomous single- and multiple-copy Tc determinants and to intact plasmids
      containing zero to six tet regions in tandem repeats. (iii) This interpretation
      is supported by heteroduplex and restriction analyses which demonstrate the
      presence of multiple copies of the 3.5 Mdal-element encompassing the tet region
      in pRSD1 molecules selected by tetracycline stress. It has been concluded that
      gene amplification leading to tandem repetition of the tet region ensues in
      pRSD1. Such plasmids confer increased tetracycline resistance and can, thefore,
      be selected by high doses of the drug.

PMID- 377010
TI  - Control of the initiation of DNA replication in Escherichia coli. I. Negative
      control of initiation.
AB  - A transient stimulation of the initiation of DNA replication during inhibition of
      protein synthesis has been demonstrated in dnaA5 and dnaA46 mutants. This
      suggests the existence of a negatively acting control protein (not the dnaA
      product) which decays rapidly or is removed during a block in protein synthesis.
      The stimulation of initiation is dependent on a previous accumulation of
      initiation specific proteins, which suggests that in addition to the negative
      control other control mechanisms are effective.

PMID- 377011
TI  - Control of the initiation of DNA replication in Escherichia coli. II. Function of
      the dnaA product.
AB  - General growth parameters and the kinetics of DNA replication have been
      determined in merogenotes carrying different combinations of the dnaA+ and the
      dnaA5 allele. The strain which is homozygous diploid for dnaA5 is different from
      all other combinations in cell volume, DNA per mass ratio, number of replication
      points per chromosome, and polymerization rate of DNA. From this we deduce that
      the dnaA product is a positively acting regulatory protein in initiation. In an
      appendix we show that in combinations between the dnaA5 and dnaA204 alleles the
      phenotype of dnaA5 is dominant.

PMID- 377012
TI  - Pathways for repair of DNA damaged by alkylating agent in Escherichia coli.
AB  - A strain with both the polA12 and the alk-1 mutation is only slightly more
      sensitive to methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) than isogenic strains with only one
      of the mutations. On the other hand, alk-1 recA1 double mutant is much more
      sensitive to MMS than are strains carrying either one of alk or recA mutation. It
      was suggested that the alk and the polA gene products are involved in the same
      DNA repair process whereas the recA function is independent from the process. The
      yield of MMS-induced mutation (Arg- (argE) to Arg+ reversion) in alk mutant is
      considerably higher than that in wild type strain. Thus, the repair process in
      which the alk gene product is involved is relatively accurate. When MMS-treated
      lambda phages were plated on MMS-treated bacteria, there were considerable
      increases in survival of treated phage even in recA alk double mutant. It seems
      that a new repair pathway, which is specific for alkylating agent-induced damages
      and is not dependent on the RecA function, may be induced on exposure of bacteria
      to the alkylating agent.

PMID- 377013
TI  - Threonine deaminase: autogenous regulator of the ilv genes in Escherichia coli K
      12.
AB  - In this paper we analyze the effect of mutations in three genes, ilvO, ilvA and
      rho, on the expression of the ilvEJGDA gene cluster of Escherichia coli K-12. The
      ilvO603 mutation causes a cis-dominant derepression of the ilvEJGDA genes. In
      particular, the ilvG gene, not expressed in the wild type, becomes expressed in
      the ilvO603 strain. We have introduced ilvA mutations (ilvA454 or ilvA628) in the
      ilvO603 strain and we show that ilvG expression requires the presence in cis of
      both an ilvO603 mutation and of an ilvA+ allele. The ilvG gene is not expressed
      when in trans is present an ilvO+, ilvA+ genotype. However, it is expressed when
      the chromosome in trans is ilvO603, ilvA+ (ilvG-). We suggest that ilvO603 is
      part of ilvA, the structural gene for threonine deaminase, and that threonine
      deaminase from the ilvO603 mutant binds the ilvO603 site and not the ilvO+ site.
      Therefore, the ilvA gene product would be a cis-acting protein. Mutations in the
      rho gene cause derepression of the ilvEJGDA gene cluster without a concomitant
      expression of the ilvG gene. We show that introduction of either a rho-218 or a
      rho-115 mutation into the ilvO603, ilvA454 double mutant causes expression of
      ilvG. We therefore suggest that the ilvA gene product, threonine deaminase, is
      involved in termination of transcription as an antagonist of the rho gene
      product. Introduction of ilvA454 into an ilvO603 strain causes also a decrease in
      expression of the ilvE, ilvJ and ilvD genes. This effect is maximum in the case
      of the ilvD gene and we studied it in detail in isogenic strains containing also
      the rho-218 mutation.

PMID- 377014
TI  - The nucleotide sequence of a DNA fragment from the replication origin of the
      antibiotic resistance factor R1drd19.
AB  - The recombinant plasmid pRK101 contains a DNA fragment which carries the complete
      replication origin of the antibiotic resistance factor R1drd-19 inserted into the
      vector plasmid pBR322. In a spontaneously arising mutant of this plasmid (pRK103)
      a deletion of about 215 base pairs (bp) has been detected by heteroduplex
      analysis and mapping with restriction endonucleases. Essential parts of the
      replication origin must be located in the deleted sequence. The deletion mutant
      pRK103, in contrast to its parent plasmid pRK101 is not replicated under the
      control of the R1 replicon, even when the R1 factor or copy mutants of it are
      present within the same cell. These latter plasmids can complement a plasmid
      specific protein not coded by pRK101 but essential for R1-directed replication.
      The nucleotide sequence of a 252 bp HpaII fragment covering about 170--200 bp of
      the deletion was determined. This piece of DNA is rich in G and C and contains a
      series of small palindromes, symmetrically arranged repeated sequences and short
      selfcomplementary structures which may be of significance for the initiation of
      the DNA replication. The possiblity that the sequenced DNA fragment comprises a
      major part of the replication origin of R1drd-19 is discussed.

PMID- 377015
TI  - Replication and maturation of phage P22 in a mutant of Salmonella typhimurium
      temperature sensitive in initiation of DNA replication.
AB  - TB37 is a dna A-mutant of Salmonella typhimurium in which the initiation of DNA
      replication at the origin is stopped at 42 degrees C. DNA synthesis in uninfected
      cells of this strain and in cells infected by phage P22 was followed by the pulse
      labelling technique. DNA replication ceases completely after about 50 minutes at
      the high temperature. After lytic infection with P22 (c2) at this time, DNA
      synthesis starts immediately and increases at a rate well comparable to the
      permissive control. Obviously the temperature sensitive function of the dnaA
      product is dispensable for P22 DNA replication, especially for its initiation.
      This result is confirmed by the normal yield of phage particles under these
      conditions, provided that a late step in P22 maturation which naturally is
      temperature sensitive can proceed at low temperature. If TB37 is infected at 42
      degrees C with P22 wild type, an unexpected high rate of phage controlled DNA
      synthesis is observed. Preliminary results seem to indicate that the process of
      integration is a prerequisite for part of this synthesis.

PMID- 377016
TI  - On the control of ribosomal protein biosynthesis in E. coli. III. Studies on a
      temperature-sensitive mutant defective in the assembly of 30S subunits.

PMID- 377017
TI  - On the control of ribosomal protein biosynthesis in E. coli. IV. Studies on a
      temperature-sensitive mutant defective in the assembly of 50S subunits.

PMID- 377018
TI  - Comparison of amino acid compositions of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic ribosomal
      proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The amino-acid compositions of the mitochondrial ribosomal subunits of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been determined and compared to those of
      cytoplasmic ribosomal subunits. For the large subunits, the mitochondrial and
      cytoplasmic ribosomes showed major differences in the proportions of arginine,
      alanine and methionine. For the small subunits, arginine, aspartic acid, alanine,
      valine and methionine showed marked differences. We have compared these amino
      acid compositions with those already published of bacterial and eukaryotic
      ribosomes by a statistical method of data analysis. It appeared clearly that the
      yeast mitoribosomes are more distant from bacterial ribosomes than from
      eukaryotic cytoribosomes.

PMID- 377019
TI  - Mechanism of conjugation. II. Characterization of an Hfr dna ts mutant of
      Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A new conditional thermosensitive Hfr mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 was
      isolated. The ts mutation is cotransducible with purE and tsx loci on the E. coli
      chromosome. Upon temperature shift to 42 degrees C the DNA synthesis and transfer
      of chromosome is stopped immediately and RNA, protein synthesis in about ten
      minutes.

PMID- 377020
TI  - Simultaneous transformation of Escherichia coli by pairs of compatible and
      incompatible plasmid DNA molecules.

PMID- 377021
TI  - Mutagenesis and repair deficiencies of Escherichia coli umuC mutants are
      suppressed by the plasmid pKM101.
AB  - The presence of the drug resistance plasmid pKM101 restored the ability of
      Escherichia coli umuC mutant strains to be mutated by methyl methanesulfonate.
      Inducible (Weigle) reactivation of ultraviolet-irradiated bacteriophage lambda
      was not observed in uvrA6 umuC mutant strains lacking pKM101 but was observed if
      the plasmid was present in the strains. In a uvrA+ umuC36 strain pKM101 increased
      the efficiency of the Weigle reactivation process. Plasmid-mediated UV-resistance
      and plasmid-mediated phage reactivation were observed in umuC(pKM101) strains
      both in uvrA+ and uvrA6 backgrounds. No restoration of methyl methanesulfonate
      mutability by pKM101 was observed in umuC36 recA56 strains. pKM101 mutants unable
      to enhance mutagenesis in umuC+ backgrounds also had no effect on methyl
      methanesulfonate mutagenesis in umuC mutant strains. Neither a umuC mutation nor
      the presence of pKM101 affected the UV induction of protein X, the recA protein.
      Hypotheses relating the mode of action of pKM101 to the process of mutagenesis
      and inducible phage reactivation are discussed.

PMID- 377022
TI  - Evidence for endonucleolytic cleavage at the 5'-proximal segment of the trp
      messenger RNA in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The 5'-proximal trp leader RNA segment (about 5S) decays at 2 to 3 times slower
      rates than the distal trp mRNA sequence. This has been demonstrated by employing
      the deletion mutants which lack a large portion of the structural genes but
      retain the promoter-proximal region of the trp operon. Relative stability of the
      leader RNA is not merely due to the presence of an untranslatable region in the
      segment; the internal untranslatable segment of trp mRNA downstream from the
      nonsense alteration site of a double mutant trpAD28.trpE9758 decays as fast as
      the normal trp mRNA sequence. These results suggest that the trp mRNA is
      endonucleolytically cleaved to yield the small 5'-proximal leader RNA segment
      before the distal mRNA decays and that the leader RNA sequence is not subject to
      usual mode of mRNA decay in the 5' to 3' direction.

PMID- 377023
TI  - Catalase anabolism in yeast: loss of regulation by oxygen of catalase apoprotein
      synthesis after mutation.
AB  - A mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae which displays catalase activity when grown
      under strictly anaerobic conditions has been selected on solid media. Although
      some preformed holoenzyme has accumulated in anaerobic cells, a sharp increase of
      activity is still measured during adaptation to oxygen in glucose-buffer;
      however, a striking difference with the wild-type strain is that in the mutant,
      catalase formation is observed in the presence of cycloheximide that totally
      inhibits cytoplasmic translation. It is concluded that kat 80 mutant has lost the
      regulatory control by oxygen of apocatalase synthesis; the later precursor,
      characterized as apocatalase synthesis; the latter precursor, characterized as
      apocatalase T, is thought to be activated in vivo, under aerobic conditions, by
      inclusion of prosthetic group. Regulation of enzyme synthesis by catabolite
      repression (glucose erfect) persists, unmodified by reference to the wild-type
      parental strain. Mutation kat 80 specifically hits catalase anabolism, as no
      significant variations were observed for the edification of the respiratory
      system and (apo)cytochrome c peroxidase production. Genetic analysis shows that
      kat 80 phenotype, recessive in heterozygotes, results from a single nuclear
      mutation.

PMID- 377024
TI  - Characterisation of Tn1721, a new transposon containing tetracycline resistance
      genes capable of amplification.
AB  - R plasmid pRSD1 contains tetracycline resistance (tet) genes in a 3.55 Mdal
      region capable of amplification by forming tandem repeats (Mattes, Burkardt and
      Schmitt, Molec. gen. Genet., 1979). The repetitious tet element is itself part of
      a 7.2 Mdal-transposon, named Tn1721, as demonstrated by the following criteria;
      (i) Tn1721 has been translocated to phage lambda. The resulting hybrid phage
      lambda tet contains the 7.2 Mdal-insertion to the right of the attachment site,
      but not continguous with it indicating translocation of the element by non
      homologous recombination. In addition, lambda tet has sustained a 3.4 Mdal
      deletion adjacent to the insertion. (ii) Further transposition of Tn1721 to the
      21.5 Mdal-plasmid R388 resulted in R388::Tn1721 derivatives, two of which were
      characterised. They contain Tn1721 inserted into different sites but in the same
      orientation as shown by restriction and heteroduplex analyses. These
      translocation of Tn1721 were not accompanied by deletions of DNA. (iii) The
      insertion plasmid pRSD102(R388::Tn1721) has conserved the capacity of the
      original plasmid pRSD1 to amplify the 3.55 Mdal-tet region. It has been concluded
      that Tn1721 constitutes a novel transposon encompassing a tet region capable of
      selective amplification. The model proposed for Tn1721 contains three short
      repeats. Two direct repeats, flanking the 3.55 Mdal tet region, provide sequence
      homology for amplification. The third repeat (located distally to tet) is
      inverted and provides the basis for transposition of the 7.2 Mdal-element.

PMID- 377025
TI  - Map position of the replication terminus on the Escherichia coli chromosome.
AB  - The directions of replication of several prophages integrated with a known
      orientation in the vicinity of the terminus (tre) of chromosome replication
      (trp::Mu, min 27; lambda rev integrated within rac, min 31, man::Mu, min 35),
      have been established by determining the molecular polarity of Okazaki pieces
      specific to these prophages. The results obtained strongly suggest that the site
      tre is located between rac and man, an otherwise genetically silent region.

PMID- 377027
TI  - Electron microscopic analysis of the yeast mitochondrial DNA segment conferring
      chloramphenicol resistance.
AB  - Mitochondrial DNAs from six p- mutants carrying the genetic locus Rib1 and
      deleted for the rest of the genome were analyzed. Distribution of circular
      molecules from one mutant followed exactly the frequency rule, l/n, for multimers
      with discreet classes n, 2n, 3n, etc. Another, genetically unstable mutant
      displayed a continuous spectrum of circular molecules of various lengths. Four
      other mutants contained multiple series of circular molecules. Partial
      denaturation maps show that the mutants analyzed show a common segment ca. 1.0
      micron long and differ by characteristic deletions of extremites of this segment.
      Short terminal deletions of the right i.e. pointing towards the Rib3 locus,
      terminus of this segment are correlated with modifications of the recombination
      properties related to the omega locus.

PMID- 377026
TI  - "Nick translation" in Escherichia coli rep strains deficient in DNA polymerase I
      activities.
AB  - Using phiX1974 replicative form (RF) DNA as an in vivo probe, we have
      investigated the coordinated action of the 5' leads to 3' exonuclease and
      polymerase activities of DNA polymerase I in order to understand better its
      physiological role. We constructed double mutants containing the rep mutation
      (the replication of phiX174 RF does not occur in rep mutants) together with a
      mutation affecting DNA polymerase I, either polA12 or polA546ex. Using these
      mutants, which are believed to be thermosensitive in the polymerase function or
      the 5' leads to 3' exonuclease function respectively, we studied the kinetics of
      nick translation at the permissive and non-permissive temperatures in vivo. The
      substrate was the phiX174 replicative form DNA nicked by the phiX174 gene A
      protein. E. coli rep polA546ex gave the lowest rate of nick translation, although
      the ability to perform nick translation, at least as measured by our assay, was
      still present. E. coli rep polA12 showed a similar low rate at the non-permissive
      temperature but a rate close to the wild-type level at the permissive
      temperature. Formation of the parental replicative form molecule in either strain
      was affected little, even at the restrictive temperature. Our results suggest
      that DNA polymerase I may not play a major role in ongoing DNA replication.

PMID- 377028
TI  - Virus-like particles and double stranded RNA from killer and non-killer strains
      of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Virus-like particles and DsRNA found in extracts of killer, non-killer and
      suppressive non-killer strains were co-precipitated from cell extracts using an
      antibody prepared against purified virus-like particles isolated from a non
      killer strain having only the higher molecular weight L dsRNA. The relative
      amount of virus-like particles correlated roughly with the amount of dsRNA: those
      strains with high concentrations of dsRNA had the most particles. When a
      preparation of particles was subjected to sucrose gradient velocity
      centrifugation, particles containing the S and M dsRNA could be separated from
      those containing the L dsRNA. These experiments taken together suggest that the
      L, M and S dsRNAs are separately encapsulated by the same protein coat.

PMID- 377029
TI  - Regulation of the synthesis of M protein by sugars, Todd Hewitt broth, and horse
      serum, in growing cells of Streptococcus pyogenes.
AB  - Various sugars were tested for their effect on the differential rate of synthesis
      of M protein during the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes strain 0055 M12T12. In a
      semisynthetic medium alone, a high rate of M protein synthesis occurred with
      glucose as a substrate; decreasing rates of synthesis occurred with sucrose and
      trehalose, in that order, although the rates of growth were approximately equal
      with all sugars. A period of derepressed synthesis of M protein occurred in the
      lag phase of growth and in the stationary period as the substrates were being
      depleted. Although glucose inhibited the utilization of other sugars, diauxie was
      not apparent from the growth curves. However, synthesis of M protein followed
      strong diauxie curves with a reduction in rate of synthesis during the
      utilization of the second sugar. With glucose as a substrate, 2-deoxyglucose
      showed a strong permanent repression of M protein synthesis, whereas both glucose
      and 2-deoxyglucose caused temporary repression when sucrose was the substrate.
      Horse serum increased the rate of synthesis of M protein in a manner very similar
      to that caused by adding cyclic AMP, although quantitative analyses suggested
      that cyclic AMP, per se, was not the effector in horse serum. Addition of Todd
      Hewitt broth permitted the organisms to grow on phosphorylated sugars. Although
      the rates of growth on phosphorylated sugars were similar to that obtained with
      glucose, M protein was not synthesized when a phosphorylated sugar was the sole
      substrate. The addition of phosphorylated sugars with glucose or sucrose as
      substrates strongly repressed the synthesis of M protein with glucose-1-phosphate
      and with fructose 1,6-diphosphate repressing M protein synthesis the most.
      Clearly, M protein synthesis, which was not required for growth, was
      preferentially induced by glucose as compared to the other sugars and was
      dependent upon the metabolic route by which glucose was utilized.

PMID- 377030
TI  - R plasmids with thermosensitive transferability in Salmonella strains isolated
      from humans.
AB  - Temperature dependence of transfer was examined with ten R plasmids originating
      from clinical isolates of Salmonella. Six of the plasmids were thermosensitive
      upon transfer, five of which were originally harbored in S. typhimurium and the
      remaining one in S. derby. One of these plasmids, pNR502, which conferred
      resistance to kanamycin, streptomycin (Sm) and tetracycline (Tc) on its host was
      stably maintained both in Salmonella and Escherichia coli at either 30, 37, or 43
      C. Another plasmid, pNR516, which was resistant to chloramphenicol,
      sulfathiazole, Sm and Tc, was slightly unstable only at 43 C. The remaining four
      plasmids, pNR503, pNR510, pNR512 and pNR514, conferred resistance to Sm and Tc.
      Of these plasmids, the former two were stably maintained at both 30 and 37 C, but
      were unstable at 43 C. The latter two were slightly unstable at the lower
      temperatures and considerably unstable at 43 C. Kinetics of the transfer of the
      plasmid pNR503 revealed that the efficiency of transfer of the plasmid between E.
      coli strains was affected not only by the temperature of the conjugation but also
      by the preincubation temperature of the donor culture before the conjugation.

PMID- 377031
TI  - Leukocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT) in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - A leukocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT) utilizing the agarose gel technique
      was performed with native DNA as an antigen in ten patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE) and five normal subjects. Irrespective of disease activity,
      supernatants obtained at different time intervals during lymphocyte culture in
      eight patients with SLE showed significant alteration of migration, either
      enhancement or inhibition, of normal leukocytes. However, supernatants in the
      control experiments produced no significant alteration of migration.
      Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of supernatants obtained from the SLE group
      revealed that the inhibitory activity was present in the albumin region, whereas
      the enhancement activity was found in the beta-globulin region. These results
      indicate that the hitherto employed estimation of the leukocyte migration
      inhibition test based on the total activity of these two factors is insufficient
      for accurate evaluation of chemical mediators from sensitized lymphocytes and
      that the separation of these two factors may be important for a greater
      understanding of cellular immunity.

PMID- 377032
TI  - Investigation of rheumatic and connective tissue diseases.

PMID- 377033
TI  - Coliform status of domestic swimming pools.
AB  - An investigation of maintenance, usage, and coliform status of water in 104
      domestic swimming pools in 13 Brisbane suburbs was made in January, 1978. The
      results showed that domestic pools are often imperfectly serviced, and are
      potential infection sources. The need for health education of pool owners, and
      for more reliable methods of pool sanitization is emphasized.

PMID- 377034
TI  - Obituary. Maurice Serry.

PMID- 377036
TI  - Rx.

PMID- 377035
TI  - Hypertension and postural hypotension induced by phenylpropanolamine (Trimolets).

PMID- 377037
TI  - Trichomonas vaginalis infections in Sydney: laboratory diagnosis and prevalence.
AB  - The prevalence of trichomoniasis in Sydney was determined by examining 1070
      sexually active females in three different practices. Infection rates ranged from
      17.8% in a sympatomatic venereal-disease clinic group to 0.5% in non-promiscuous
      family-planning clinic patients. In each of these categories, the infestation
      rate, when compared with overseas reports, was lower but no explanation for this
      difference is apparent. Of the various laboratory methods used to detect
      Trichomonas vaginalis, the most sensitive was a culture method. The most
      convenient and reliable microscopy technique was phase-contrast microscopy which
      detected 80% of those with positive culture results. Stuart's Transport Medium
      will maintain trichomonad's viability for at least 24 hours and allow vaginal
      specimens to be reliably transported for examination.

PMID- 377039
TI  - The National Health and Medical Research Council.

PMID- 377038
TI  - Trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole and doxycycline in acute exacerbations of chronic
      bronchitis in general practice: a comparative study.
AB  - Fifty-six patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis were given one
      week's treatment either with a combination of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole
      (TMP/SMX) or with doxycycline, in a single blind trial. The study found no
      significant difference in response to the two treatments, and confirmed that both
      TMP/SMX and doxycycline are effective and well tolerated agents, which are
      suitable for the management of acute or chronic bronchitis.

PMID- 377040
TI  - Pharmacokinetics and plasma levels of antidepressants in the elderly.

PMID- 377041
TI  - Sir Albert Coates.

PMID- 377042
TI  - The National Heart Foundation after twenty years.

PMID- 377043
TI  - [Brain tumors in children].

PMID- 377044
TI  - Immunizations for travelers.

PMID- 377045
TI  - Proposed Medicare regs would reduce hospitals' reimbursement.

PMID- 377046
TI  - 1978-79 Red Book edition.

PMID- 377047
TI  - [Induction of colicin E1 synthesis in Escherichia coli cells with different
      concentrations of plasmid DNA].
AB  - RRelationship between the level of induction of colicin E1 synthesis and the
      content of plasmid DNA in Escherichia coli K12S (E1) cells was studied. The
      number of Col E1 DNA copies per cell was found to decrease with growing
      generation time for different growth media and to increase continuously for the
      time of synchronous cell division cycle. No apparent relation of the level of
      spontaneous induction and of induction caused by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N
      nitrosoguanidine to the number of Col E1 DNA copies per cell was observed. It is
      inferred that the content of plasmid DNA in the cells is not among the main
      factors determining the level of induction of colicin synthesis.

PMID- 377048
TI  - [Topological model of bacteriophage-T4 DNA replication].
AB  - The structure and function of the DNA--membrane complex in E. coli cells infected
      with bacteriophage T4 was studied. The DNA--membrane complex was isolated from
      the cells pulse or uniformly labeled with 3H-thymidine, fractionated by detergent
      treatment and separated on a discontinuous sucrose gradient. The attachment of
      small DNA fragments to the plasma membrane was analysed. Replicating
      bacteriophage T4 DNA was reversibly associated with the cytoplasmic membrane in
      the wall/membrane adhesion zones of the envelope. In the adhesion zone the cell
      wall, cytoplasmic membrane, DNA, different replicative proteins, probably form
      the initiation complex resistant to sonication, DNAase and Triton-X-100. This
      association is probably reversible. The topological aspects of bacteriophage T4
      DNA replication are discussed.

PMID- 377049
TI  - [Mathematical model of tryptophan synthesis and excretion into the environment by
      E. coli cells].
AB  - A quantitative kinetic model is suggested for the auto-regulated tryptophan
      synthesis by E. coli trp-operon system and for tryptophan excretion from the cell
      mediated by transport systems. Applications of the model for the calculation of
      several parameters characterizing tryptophan metabolism are considered. In order
      to explain experimental data it is suggested that a system of tryptophane
      excretion from the cell exists which is induced by high tryptophan
      concentrations. The rate of tryptophan excretion was studied as a function of
      various genetic effects (derepression or reduction of retroinhibition) as well as
      of changes in intracellular concentrations of substrates of tryptophan synthesis
      (chorismic acid and serine). Possible ways of making the cell to excrete markedly
      higher quantities of tryptophan without changing the genotype are discussed.

PMID- 377050
TI  - [ATP analogs in the RNA-polymerase reaction].
AB  - The influence of some ATP analogs with the modified ribose residues on the
      transcription in vitro was studied. It was shown that all analogs are weak
      inhibitors competing with in RNA synthesis. Under certain conditions (ionic
      strength = 0.13, 25 degrees C) the only effective inhibitor of RNA synthesis 3'-O
      methyl-ATP arrests reaction irreversibly. Perhaps as a result of its
      incorporation into the terminal position of the growing RNA chain. The increase
      of the temperature and of the ionic strength results in changes of the character
      of inhibition: 3'-O-methyl-ATP becomes (like other analogues) a reversible
      competitive inhibitor with a Ki = 4 . 10(-5) M. Some speculations concerning the
      mechanism of inhibition are discussed.

PMID- 377051
TI  - [Isolation and characteristics of plasmids determining multiple antibiotic
      resistance in strains of group A streptococci].
AB  - DNA of the streptococcal plasmid ERLI, determining resistance to erythromycin and
      lincomycin has been studied. The presence of satellite DNA component in
      streptococcal DNA has been demonstrated by dye-CsCl and CsCl density
      centrifugation, by chromatography of denatured-renatured DNA on the
      nitrocellulose and by electron microscopy. By all these methods the presence of
      covalently closed circular DNA molecules has been shown. Plasmid DNA has buoyant
      density in CsCl equal to 1.698 g/cm3 (GC content--38.8%), molecular weight (by
      electron microscopy) -- 19.8 Mdal; number of copies chromosomal genome equivalent
      is equal to about 4--4.5. Plasmid ERLI DNA was extracted from an original strain
      carrier of plasmid ERLI, from a transduced strain which received plasmid ERLI as
      a result of transduction and lysogenization by phage "mo" and from the two
      antibiotic sensitive EMS mutants of resistant strain. Satellite DNA could not be
      isolated from a sensitive strain which served as a recipient in transduction
      experiments. The results obtained are in agreement with the literature on the
      molecular weight of the plasmid measured by the sedimentation analysis and with
      the previous genetic data on the antibiotic resistance within group A
      streptococci.

PMID- 377052
TI  - [Circular dichroism of DNA--dye complexes. II. Anisotropy of the long-wave
      circular dichroism effect and structure of the complex].
AB  - Anisotropy of torsional strength of the splitted electronic transition in the
      case of chromophore-chromophore interaction of dye molecules situated on the
      helical matrix was considered theoretically and as analytical expression for the
      value Rperpendicular/Rparallel was obtained. These theoretical results were
      compared with the experimental data obtained with DNA-proflavine, DNA-pyronine
      and DNA-acridine orange complexes oriented in multicappilar flow-cell. Studies of
      the optical effects (optical density and CD changes) due to orientation of these
      complexes showed that the acridine chromophores are not perpendicular with
      respect to the DNA axis (alpha D = 19--22 degrees). The DNA base pairs in
      complexes as assumed also are not perpendicular to the DNA axis, the inclination
      angle of their transition moments (for the band near 260 nm) being bigger than
      that of dye chromophores (24 degrees). These results indicate that under
      experimental conditions used by us no intercalation can be observed.

PMID- 377054
TI  - [Role of the N-terminal sequence (1-26) in the dimerization of protein L7 in
      solution].
AB  - Native protein L7 from E. coli ribosomes, oxidized protein and a fragment of
      protein L7 containing the sequence 27--120 obtained by cleavage of the native
      protein by cyanogen bromide were investigated by sedimentation analysis. It was
      found that protein L7 exists in solution in a dimer form while the protein
      oxidized by hydrogen peroxide and the fragment 27--120 do not form a dimer. On
      the basis of these investigations a conclusion is made that the ability for
      dimerization is stimulated by N-terminal regions of the protein L7 molecule.

PMID- 377053
TI  - [Distribution of DNA sequences recognized by specific endonucleases].
AB  - The molecular weight distributions of fragments obtained after endonuclease
      treatment of DNA were studied. DNA's from pigeon and E. coli and restriction
      enzymes EcoRI and BamHI were used. The samples of 14C- and 3H-labelled DNA were
      treated by endonucleases, separated electrophoretically in 1% agatose gels, and
      radioactivity distributions along gels were measured. From these data weight and
      number distributions and the average molecular weights of DNA fragments were
      determined. EcoRI-fragments of phage DNA were used as standards for the molecular
      weight calibration. The experimental results are compared with the expected data
      calculated from the DNA GC content. The molecular weight distribution of
      fragments and the average molecular weights of BamHI-fragments of pigeon DNA and
      EcoRI- and BamHI-fragments of E. coli DNA differed from random ones. It is
      suggested that certain genomes contain regions in which the probability of
      endonuclease cleavage strongly differs from the average probability of such a
      cleavage for the entire genome.

PMID- 377055
TI  - [Sex factor F of Escherichia coli K12 and its participation in mobilizing
      bacterial chromosomes].
AB  - The structural and functional organization of F-factor reviewed and the physical
      map of F DNA, supplemented with a list of genetic markers, is presented. The DNA
      transfer during the conjugation is considered and especial attention is given to
      F-gene functions involved in this process. The special sequences of F DNA,
      homologous to resident insertion sequences in bacterial DNA are described and its
      participation in plasmido-chromosomal recombinant events both dependent and
      independent on recA function is discussed. The mechanism for chromosome
      mobilization by F-Factor are reviewed. A possibility of chromosome transfer
      without F DNA insertion is considered. In a latter case it proposed that
      spontaneous single-strand breaks may serve as the origins for initiation of
      chromosomal transfer.

PMID- 377056
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution].

PMID- 377057
TI  - [Transfer ribonucleic acids. Structure-functional aspects].

PMID- 377058
TI  - [Oxidative phosphorylation: discovery, early studies, new approaches].

PMID- 377059
TI  - [Principal landmarks in the study of functions, structure and catalytic mechanism
      of transaminases].

PMID- 377060
TI  - [Studies on the atomic and molecular structure of biological objects in the
      USSR].

PMID- 377061
TI  - [Conformation theory of polymers and biopolymers].
AB  - A short review is given of the Soviet investigations in the field of physics of
      polymers and biopolymers based on the concept of conformational motility of
      macromolecules. It is shown that the ideas originally used for the treatment of
      the properties of the synthetic polymers and, in particular, of the rubber
      elasticity, have found broad applications in molecular biophysics.

PMID- 377062
TI  - [Regulation of the reproduction of RNA-containing phages].

PMID- 377063
TI  - [Affinity modification of proteins, nucleic acids and their complexes].

PMID- 377064
TI  - [Molecular melting of DNA and the effect of the fine structure of fusion curves].
AB  - The progress in understanding the phenomenon of molecular melting (helix -- coil
      transition) of DNA is considered. It is shown that the theory of DNA melting has
      reached such a stage of development when it is capable to compute melting
      profiles and denaturation maps for DNA with any given nucleotide sequence, on the
      base of a rather simple but adequate model of DNA. The effect of fine structure
      of the DNA melting profiles, its origin and possible applications are considered
      in greater detail. It is demonstrated that a direct comparison between
      experimental and theoretical melting profiles for the open replicative form of
      the upsilon X-174 phage DNA for which the complete nucleotide sequence has been
      published recently, confirms the theory and opens new possibilities for further
      investigation of equilibrium and kinetic properties of DNA molecules.

PMID- 377065
TI  - [Initiation of RNA synthesis].

PMID- 377066
TI  - [Epidemiology of dental disease (caries and periodontal disease) in children 6
      years old in the 1st zone of administration in the city of Milan].

PMID- 377067
TI  - Variations in the proportion of abnormal cells and required sample sizes for
      human cytogenetic studies.

PMID- 377068
TI  - Detection of trace amounts of dimethylnitrosamine in a modified
      Salmonella/microsome assay.

PMID- 377069
TI  - Adult-onset acid maltase deficiency: a postmortem study.
AB  - In a postmortem study of a patient with adult-onset acid maltase deficiency
      (AMD), morphological abnormalities were confined to skeletal muscle and consisted
      of a vacuolar myopathy. Acid maltase activity, however, was approximately 6% of
      normal in muscle, liver, and brain, and 3% of normal in heart. Kinetic
      characteristics, and inhibition by antibodies and Zn++, showed that the residual
      activity was "authentic" acid maltase. Neutral maltase activity was normal in
      muscle and liver, but decreased in brain (55% of normal) and heart (19% of
      normal). Although the relative decrease of acid maltase was similar in different
      tissues, absolute residual activity was lowest in skeletal muscle: this may
      explain the selective involvement of this tissue in late-onset AMD.

PMID- 377071
TI  - Current concepts in cancer: effects of cancer and cancer treatment on the
      nutrition of the host.

PMID- 377070
TI  - Myasthenia gravis: a personal view of pathogenesis and mechanism, part 1.
AB  - A review of our current knowledge of the etiology and pathogenesis of myasthenia
      gravis is presented, with particular emphasis on the immunological aspects of the
      disease. Part 1, published in this issue, deals with the clinical and genetic
      features of myasthenia gravis which led to the autoimmune theory of the etiology
      of this disease. Various theories in this field are reviewed, and recent advances
      in our knowledge of the acetylcholine receptor protein, and its immunology, are
      examined. Part 2, which will appear in the March/April issue, provides a review
      of the dysfunction of physiology, pharmacology, and structure of the
      neuromuscular junction in myasthenia gravis, and the part played by the
      autoimmune process.

PMID- 377073
TI  - Shelly on laetrile.

PMID- 377072
TI  - Alcoholic myopathy in heart and skeletal muscle.

PMID- 377074
TI  - Prevention of myocardial damage during cardiac operations.

PMID- 377075
TI  - Amelioration of familial Mediterranean fever during hemodialysis.

PMID- 377076
TI  - Clinical research in general medical journals: a 30-year perspective.
AB  - Little is known about the frequency with which various research designs appear in
      the clinical literature and how this frequency has changed in recent years. This
      study describes the research designs used in 612 articles randomly selected from
      original research published in three general medical journals from 1946 to 1976.
      Cross-sectional studies increased from 25 to 44 per cent, cohort studies declined
      from 59 to 34 per cent, and clinical trials increased from 13 to 21 per cent of
      articles (P less than 0.001). Randomized controlled trials comprised 5 per cent
      of articles published in 1976 and were not represented 30 years before. In 1976,
      37 per cent of articles reported on 10 subjects or less, and this number has not
      changed substantially since 1946. The frequency of studies with weak research
      designs has increased in these general medical journals over the past 30 years.
      The trend deserves critical attention.

PMID- 377078
TI  - More on clinical trials in pediatric oncology.

PMID- 377077
TI  - Current concepts in cancer. Multiple myeloma.

PMID- 377079
TI  - Lead ingestion in history.

PMID- 377080
TI  - Somatostatinoma syndrome. Biochemical, morphologic and clinical features.
AB  - Diabetes mellitus, steatorrhea, cholelithiasis and a tumor distorting the
      duodenum prompted a work-up for somatostatinoma in a 52-year-old man. The
      responses of pancreatic B-cells but not of A-cells to nutrient stimuli were
      inhibited, and growth-hormone release was suppressed, suggesting somatostatin
      resistance in some target tissues. Plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity
      ranged from 9000 to 13,000 pg per milliliter (normal: 88+/-8, mean +/- S.E.M.)
      and was distributed in four molecular forms, including free somatostatin. The
      primary tumor contained 5 microgram of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity per
      milligram of wet tissue, distributed in three of the molecular forms noted in
      plasma. Plasma calcitonin was also elevated (4650 pg per milliliter; normal: less
      than 120). Immunocytochemical studies showed that cells of the primary tumor
      contained somatostatin and calcitonin but no other peptide hormones. Only
      somatostatin was present in the metastases. Somatostatin was localized electron
      microscopically in all secretory granules, irrespective of size and shape,
      whereas calcitonin was present only within a single subpopulation of small
      granules in the same cells.

PMID- 377081
TI  - Comparative effects of ticrynafen and hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of
      hypertension.
AB  - Two dose levels of ticrynafen, a new uricosuric diuretic, and of
      hydrochlorothiazide were randomly assigned, double-blind to 240 men with initial
      diastolic blood pressures in the range of 95 to 114 mm Hg. A dose of 500 mg of
      ticrynafen once daily exerted an antihypertensive effect comparable to that of 50
      or 100 mg of hydrochlorothiazide. Whereas serum uric acid levels rose in patients
      treated with hydrochlorothiazide, they fell markedly in those receiving
      ticrynafen. Otherwise, both diuretics produced similar chemical changes in serum.
      Patients tolerated ticrynafen as well as they did hydrochlorothiazide over a
      period of six months of observation, and there was no evidence of serious
      toxicity or loss of therapeutic effect with ticrynafen. This antihypertensive
      agent, in appropriate doses, appears to be as effective and well tolerated as
      hydrochlorothiazide, and in addition ticrynafen prevents hyperuricemia.

PMID- 377083
TI  - Equal access to legal abortion.

PMID- 377082
TI  - Choline in Alzheimer's disease.

PMID- 377085
TI  - Lipid synthesis during reinitiation of growth from stationary phase cultures of
      Candida albicans.
AB  - Lipid synthesis has been studied in the dimorphic fungus Candida albicans. 14C
      acetate incorporation into lipid material was used to measure new lipid synthesis
      in two cultures in which either yeast or mycelial growth was initiated from
      stationary phase yeast cells. When resuspended in fresh medium at 37 degrees C,
      cells resume budding growth. When resuspended at the appropriate temperature,
      both yeast and germ tube cultures immediately incorporated 14C-acetate into lipid
      material. The labeled lipid was more or less evenly divided between neutral and
      phospholipid. Phosphatidyl choline was the major phospholipid fraction and along
      with phosphatidyl ethanolamine accounted for 60--65% of the total phospholipid.
      Lipid synthesis during growth initiation of either morphology showed a similar
      pattern, with no significant differences observed in neutral or phospholipid or
      phospholipid components between yeast and mycelial forms.

PMID- 377084
TI  - Aspects of physiology of Histoplasma capsulatum. (A review).

PMID- 377086
TI  - Certified diplomates of the American Board of Medical Toxicology.

PMID- 377087
TI  - Citations from the recent literature.

PMID- 377088
TI  - Demonstration of MHC-specific haemolytic plaque-forming cells.

PMID- 377089
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin E2 on prostacyclin production by endothelial cells.

PMID- 377090
TI  - Prostacyclin in blood vessel-platelet interactions: perspectives and questions.

PMID- 377091
TI  - Iron storage in bacteria.

PMID- 377092
TI  - Bacterial chemotaxis and protein carboxymethylation.

PMID- 377093
TI  - Expression in Escherichia coli of hepatitis B virus DNA sequences cloned in
      plasmid pBR322.
AB  - Fragments of hepatitis B virus DNA isolated from Dane particles have been
      inserted into the Escherichia coli plasmid pBR322 and cloned. Cells carrying the
      hybrid plasmid synthesise antigenic material that reacts specifically with
      antisera to hepatitis B viral antigens.

PMID- 377094
TI  - Ear ossicle of australopithecus robustus.

PMID- 377095
TI  - Blood platelets do not provide endoperoxides for vascular prostacyclin
      production.

PMID- 377096
TI  - Suppression of a yeast amber mutation in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 377097
TI  - Calcium-dependent regulation of protein synthesis and degradation in muscle.

PMID- 377098
TI  - Introns in the chicken ovalbumin gene prevent ovalbumin synthesis in E. coli K12.

PMID- 377099
TI  - Efficient cap-dependent translation of polycistronic prokaryotic mRNAs is
      restricted to the first gene in the operon.
AB  - Certain polycistronic prokaryotic mRNAs, when modified at their 5'-termini with a
      cap structure, are translated as efficiently as, or more efficiently than
      eukaryotic mRNAs in a eukaryotic cell-free protein synthesising system. However,
      in this case efficient cap-dependent translation is apparently restricted to the
      5'-proximal coding sequence. Moreover, certain translational regulatory signals
      potentially used by these prokaryotic mRNAs to regulate their levels of
      expression seem to be recognised by the eukaryotic translational components. The
      evolutionary significance and practical implications of these results are
      discussed.

PMID- 377101
TI  - Seminaplasmin is a potent inhibitor of E. coli RNA polymerase in vivo.

PMID- 377100
TI  - Seminalplasmin--an antimicrobial protein from bovine seminal plasma which acts in
      E. coli by specific inhibition of rRNA synthesis.

PMID- 377102
TI  - Amino acid substitutions in two functional mutants of yeast alcohol
      dehydrogenase.

PMID- 377103
TI  - Cloned fragments of the plasmid ColV,I-K94 specifying virulence and serum
      resistance.
AB  - A cloned BamH1-generated fragment of ColV,I-K94 increased the virulence of
      Escherichia coli, causing an approximately 100-fold reduction in LD50 for chicks.
      A genetic determinant for resistance to the bactericidal effects of serum was
      mapped to a 5,300 base-pair sequence within the fragment. Neither colicin V nor
      immunity to colicin V affected the pathogenicity of E. coli for chicks.

PMID- 377104
TI  - The role of platelet-activating factor in platelet aggregation.

PMID- 377105
TI  - Oxidant damage mediates variant red cell resistance to malaria.

PMID- 377107
TI  - Medical education at Chapel Hill, the first 100 years. Part II.

PMID- 377106
TI  - Nucleotide sequences of the attachment sites of bacteriophage Mu DNA.

PMID- 377108
TI  - Hospice in North Carolina: background and unanswered questions.

PMID- 377109
TI  - Effect of M.bovis BCG and M.microti on sarcoma 180 growth in mice.
AB  - The antitumorous efficacy of the Czechoslovak BCG 725, Czechoslovak BCG 901, the
      Danish SAS maintained, the Japanese SAS and SH maintained BCG strain and the
      Czechoslovak OV 247 (M.microti) strain was studied. (SAS--original Sauton's
      medium with asparagine, SH--Sauton's medium with the asparagine replaced by
      enzymatic casein hydrolysate.) Ascitic Sa 180 cells were used as the experimental
      tumor and 800 mice as experimental animals. All the strains employed displayed an
      anticarcinogenic effect in a protective assay (immunization 8 weeks before
      inoculation of Sa 180 cells). In a therapeutic test (vaccine administered 24 hr
      after inoculation of Sa 180 cells and then at weekly intervals), Czechoslovak BCG
      725 and Czechoslovak OV 247 were used and proved effective.

PMID- 377110
TI  - A correlative study of immunofluorescence, electron, and light microscopy in
      immunologically mediated renal tubular disease in man.
AB  - Renal biopsy specimens obtained from patients with various chronic nephropathies
      were studied by immunofluorescence (IF), electron and light microscopy. Of 49
      biopsies studied by IF, 22 had granular deposits of IgG and/or C3 along the
      basement membranes of proximal tubules while 14 had linear and 13 both linear and
      granular deposits. The possible importance of immunologically mediated renal
      tubular lesions in chronic nephropathies is discussed.

PMID- 377111
TI  - Diabetes mellitus with immune complex glomerulonephritis.
AB  - The present study describes 3 patients with the simultaneous occurrence of
      diabetic nephropathy and immune-complex mediated glomerulonephritis. Renal
      manifestation included proteinuria and hematuria which were preceded by or co
      existent with an infectious process. Renal manifestation included proteinuria and
      hematuria which were preceded by or co-existent with an infectious process. Renal
      histology showed the characteristic change of diabetic nephropathy along with
      those of immune complex glomerulonephritis. Immunofluorescence studies showed a
      linear pattern with a superimposed granular pattern of IgG and C3 deposits. Renal
      function and urinary findings improved in the 2 patients who were followed up.

PMID- 377112
TI  - "Treat me with respect": a case of misunderstanding.

PMID- 377113
TI  - A nephrology nurse's experiences on the HSA Board: having a direct impact on the
      future.

PMID- 377114
TI  - Where do we want to be tomorrow? Professional images in nephrology nursing.

PMID- 377115
TI  - Thoracic duct lymph drainage as an adjunct to renal transplantation.

PMID- 377116
TI  - Dreams of nephrology patients.

PMID- 377117
TI  - Chronicity in children with end stage renal disease.

PMID- 377118
TI  - What if multiple sclerosis isn't an immunological or a viral disease? The case
      for a circulating toxin.
AB  - The literature contains studies on many causes of demyelination: Vascular
      occlusion--exogenous toxins--allergic reactions--and virus diseases. There
      remains, however, a small group of conditions which seems to have been ignored
      almost completely in discussions of cerebral demyelination. These consist of
      brain damage apparently resulting from some toxin liberated within the human body
      and not obtained from the outside.

PMID- 377120
TI  - [Clinico-radiological correlation and treatment of patients with absence of
      lumbar vertebral arch fusion].
AB  - The authors observed 88 patients (18 women and 70 men) aged 16 to 61 years with
      lack of lumbar vertebral arch fusion (spina bifid occulta without spinal cord
      involvement). In 63 cases the clinical symptom complex was that of sciatic pains,
      in the remaining 25 cases no neurological defect was found. In 63 cases operation
      was done and 45 of them intervertebral disc prolapse was found. The decision to
      operate was based on the refractoriness and intensity of pain, presence of
      neurological defect and radiculography performed in 36 cases. It is stressed that
      such high proportion (51%) of cases with spina bifida coexistent with lumbar disc
      prolapse calls for a careful analysis of the cause of pain in patients with spina
      bifida.

PMID- 377119
TI  - [Anginin effect in cerebovascular disorders in the light of psychological
      studies].
AB  - Seventeen patients aged 40 to 69 years with cerebral atherosclerosis and
      peripheral atherosclerotic changes treated for 6 months with Anginin were
      investigated psychologically. The purpose of the investigation was assessment of
      the effects of Anginin on certain higher psychic functions and motor fitness,
      duration of drug effects, and the influence of patients' attitude on health
      improvement. The investigations comprised a set of 10 psychometric tests
      assessing objectively the state of different kinds of memory and motor fitness,
      that is those functions which are most frequently disturbed in cerebral
      atherosclerosis, and evaluation of the symptoms associated with the disease (in
      the light of interviews). Each patient was investigated 4 times with parallel
      sets of tests: before starting treatment, after 3--4 months of treatment, 6
      months after the beginnning of treatment, and 6 months after completion of
      treatment. Seven patients received placebo during the first 2 months.
      Statistically analysed results showed that during the treatment immediate and
      delayed visual and auditory memory increased, visumotor coordination improved and
      disturbances of attention concentration and motor fitness were alleviated. After
      3--4 months of treatment the results of the tests for these functions improved
      further. The effect of Anginin lasted for 6 months after comletion of treatment
      showing only a slight tendency for decrease. The analysis of symptoms and
      comparison of the placebo group with the drug group demonstrated a high influence
      of the attitude of the patient on health improvement, and the psychotherapeutic
      effect of the drug was considerable. The good effects were obtained in cases with
      moderately severe and slight intensity of disturbances.

PMID- 377121
TI  - [Bilateral cerebral arteriography with subtraction following unilateral contrast
      administration. A special technic].

PMID- 377122
TI  - [Department of Neurology and Department of Nervous and Mental Disorders of the
      Stefan Batory University in Wilno. Neurologists in Wilno between 1923-1939].

PMID- 377123
TI  - Effect of valproic and acid on serotonin metabolism.

PMID- 377124
TI  - Octopamine and synephrine evoke a different response to other monoamines on the
      body wall of Lumbricus terrestris.

PMID- 377125
TI  - Walter Dandy, M.D.: his relationship to the Society of Neurological Surgeons.

PMID- 377126
TI  - Walter Dandy, M.D.: personal reminiscences.

PMID- 377127
TI  - Probability and the brain.
AB  - Probability theory asserts the lawfulness of seemingly random events in large
      populations and seems to be a reasonable approach to a general understanding of
      the structure and function of the nervous system. The brain, by virtue of the
      number of its components, the multiplicity of their possible interconnections,
      and the range and rapidity of their outputs, is almost implausably complex in its
      over-all design. Probability theory, therefore, is usually applied to (a)
      descriptions of the behavior of large neuronal populations, (b) statistical
      analysis of neuronal spike trains, and (c) theoretical models of neuronal
      interaction. A consideration of each of these subjects is presented, as is a
      discussion of the most fundamental level of application of the theory to the
      nervous system:  (d) the assertion that the neuron and/or brain is inherently
      nondeterministic. In practical terms this is shown to be a "nonissue," the
      uncertainty principle that follows has rather definite philosophical
      implications.

PMID- 377128
TI  - Perspectives in international neurosurgery: neurosurgery in Puerto Rico.

PMID- 377129
TI  - Perspectives in international neurosurgery: neurosurgery in Venezuela.

PMID- 377131
TI  - The effects of innervation on the properties of acetylcholine receptors in
      muscle.

PMID- 377130
TI  - Results of a double blind study of three contrast media and technic for
      lumbosacral radiculography.
AB  - The rate of side effects, the results of EMG, EEG and CSF changes after
      radiculography, the rates of late leptomeningeal changes and the details of the
      hyperosmolality following the ionic contrast media are recorded and discussed. In
      conclusion rules are presented for the choice of contrast medium and the
      examination technic for radiculography.

PMID- 377132
TI  - H. Houston Merritt 1902-1979.

PMID- 377134
TI  - Valproic acid and plasma levels of phenytoin.
AB  - Eight patients were treated concurrently with a constant dose of phenytoin and
      valproic acid for 1 year. During initial therapy with valproic acid, total plasma
      phenytoin levels decreased. The interaction was transient and was not observed at
      the end of 1 year. Total plasma phenytoin levels returned to pre-valproic-acid
      levels in seven patients.

PMID- 377133
TI  - Infantile and adult-onset acid maltase deficiency occurring in the same family.
AB  - A 16-week-old girl died from the infantile form of acid maltase deficiency (Pompe
      disease, acid alpha-glucosidase deficiency). Her paternal grandfather was well
      until the age of 53 years, when he started to suffer from the adult-onset form of
      the same enzyme deficiency. This observation suggests that the infantile and
      adult-onset forms of acid maltase deficiency are genetically related.

PMID- 377135
TI  - [Evaluation of the treatment of cholelithiasis using chenodeoxycholic acid].

PMID- 377136
TI  - [Physicians and surgeons at the Court of Savoy (1300-1440). I].

PMID- 377138
TI  - [Antoine Baume (1728--1804). 250th anniversary of his birth].

PMID- 377137
TI  - [Atrial arrhythmic disease. Presentation of 16 cases and diagnostic, prophylactic
      and therapeutic considerations].
AB  - The auricle arhythmic illness (exhibition of 16 cases with diagnostic,
      prophilactic and therapeutic considerations). The Authors make a report on
      sixteen cases seen in the last four years, after distinguishing between the
      simple kind (which explicates by BS, BSA, AS) and the complex one, in which can
      be found bradycardy, tachiarithmy, and asystoly. They also stress its meaning
      compared with other heart illnesses by a statistic point of view. They stress
      moreover the radiotelemetric monitoring of every suspicious case and the follow
      up of the sinus node work by pacing. The treatment of every case with demand
      pacemakers is recommended.

PMID- 377139
TI  - [Obesity and gonadotropins. The synthetic gonadotropin releasing hormone test in
      obese women].

PMID- 377140
TI  - [In remembrance of Dr. Alberto Quaglia Senta].

PMID- 377141
TI  - [Hyperprolactinemia and gonadal deficit].

PMID- 377143
TI  - Somatostatin and the endocrine pancreas.

PMID- 377142
TI  - [Aspects of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal function in children].

PMID- 377144
TI  - [Extra-anatomical pathways in aorto-iliac-femoral revascularizations].

PMID- 377146
TI  - Experimental zinc deficiency in humans.

PMID- 377145
TI  - E.V. McCollum: doyen of nutrition science.

PMID- 377147
TI  - Cimetidine: in search of it's role.

PMID- 377148
TI  - Adult acute leukaemia.

PMID- 377149
TI  - Obituary. Anthony Frederick Hunter.

PMID- 377150
TI  - Obituary. Sir Duncan Stout.

PMID- 377151
TI  - Obituary. Thomas Edwin Hall.

PMID- 377152
TI  - Single dose metronidazole prophylaxis in gynaecological surgery.
AB  - A double blind study of 200 patients was undertaken to evaluate the prophylactic
      effect of 2g metronidazole rectal suppositories given prior to major
      gynaecological surgery. The patients receiving metronidazole were found to have a
      significant reduction in the quantity of postoperative pyrexia as assessed by the
      fever index. Metronidazole prophylaxis was associated with a dramatic reduction
      from 18 percent to 1 percent of major postoperative wound and pelvic infections.
      Four patients in the study developed proven Bacteroides infections, all were in
      the placebo group.

PMID- 377153
TI  - Metronidazole in the prophylaxis of anaerobic infections in gynaecological
      surgery: a trial.
AB  - Flagyl (metronidazole) was evaluated in the prophylaxis and treatment of patients
      undergoing gynaecological surgery. One hundred patients were studied: 50 of these
      patients received prophylactic metronidazole and 50 received matching placebos.
      Eight percent of metronidazole treated patients developed wound infections which
      was less than half the number of untreated patients, 18 percent of whom developed
      wound infection. No anaerobic infections were seen in Flagyl treated patients
      whereas four (8 percent) were seen in placebo patients.

PMID- 377154
TI  - A comparison of sulindac with ibuprofen in the management of rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - Sulindac 200mg b.i.d. was compared with ibuprofen 400mg t.d.s. in a double-blind
      controlled trial in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Both drugs produced a
      measurable and significant improvement from baseline levels, in both objective
      and subjective parameters. All parameters favoured sulindac but the differences
      were not statistically significant. Side effects were infrequent with both drugs
      and in all but three cases did not necessitate withdrawal from the trials.
      Sulindac appears to be an effective anti-inflammatory analgesic drug for the
      management of rheumatoid arthritis with a low incidence of side effects.

PMID- 377155
TI  - A double blind comparison of thiothixene and a trifluoperazine/chlorpromazine
      composite in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia.
AB  - Thirty chronic schizophrenic patients participated in a double-blind crossover
      trial of thiothixene (Navane) and a control drug combination of trifluoperazine
      and chlorpromazine. No statistically significant difference was found between the
      two drug conditions on numerous behavioural scales. Experience with thiothixene
      suggested that it was comparable with control drugs in the activation of
      withdrawn patients but needs to be used in combination with a more sedative
      antipsychotic agent in the treatment of some paranoid patients.

PMID- 377156
TI  - C-peptide response to glucagon in diabetics with and without complications.
AB  - Beta cell function has been studied by measurement of C-peptide responses to
      intravenous glucagon in 11 diabetics with advanced complications and compared
      with nine long-term diabetics without complications. The majority had no C
      peptide responses, but there was evidence of beta cell function in one patient
      from each group. These observations suggest that some factor other than
      continuing beta cell function is involved in the complications of insulin
      requiring diabetics.

PMID- 377157
TI  - Auscultation of the lung.

PMID- 377158
TI  - Joseph Lindsell Simcock.

PMID- 377159
TI  - James Ronald Turner.

PMID- 377160
TI  - Glyceryl guaiacolate in equine anaesthesia.

PMID- 377161
TI  - Fetal cranial injuries related to delivery with the Malmstrom vacuum extractor.
AB  - The literature regarding the propensity of the vacuum extractor to cause fetal
      cranial injuries is reviewed. Eighteen subaponeurotic hemorrhages occurred in
      14,276 vacuum extractions (VE). Scalp abrasion or laceration occurred in 12.6%,
      cephalohematoma in 6%, and intracranial hemorrhage in 0.35%. Assessments of early
      and late manifestations of neurologic damage indicate little difference between
      VE deliveries and spontaneous deliveries. An uncorrected perinatal mortality rate
      of 25.8 per thousand is tabulated, which reduced to 15 per thousand when
      corrected for deaths not related to the mode of delivery. Scalp anatomy and the
      forces exerted on it with vacuum extraction are examined, and suggestions to
      minimize scalp injuries are offered.

PMID- 377162
TI  - Pregnancy and adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 377163
TI  - Recurrent nonimmune hydrops fetalis.
AB  - A case of recurrent nonimmune hydrops fetalis is presented. In each of the 2
      pregnancies involved, early neonatal death occurred. Only 1 other case could be
      discovered in the literature where the problem recurred. Hence, normally, a good
      prognosis for future pregnancies is given. In spite of extensive investigation,
      the etiology of nonimmune hydrops fetalis remains unknown. The condition is
      associated with preeclampsia, polyhydramnios, and premature labor. While the
      polyhydraminos renders management difficult, it makes the ultrasound diagnosis
      much clearer. This early diagnosis ensures the availability of optimal perinatal
      care for the infant on delivery.

PMID- 377164
TI  - Fetal swallowing and voiding in relation to hydramnios.
AB  - Fetal swallowing and voiding were measured using colloidal gold and an ultrasonic
      scanner, respectively. Subjects in the study were in their 38-40th week of
      pregnancy. Cases were divided into 3 groups: normal, hydramnios, and
      oligohydramnios. The normal group had a mean swallowing rate of 198 ml/day and a
      mean voiding rate of 23.6 ml/hr. No significant differences were found among
      these rates and the corresponding rates in the other 2 groups. It is concluded
      that mechanisms other than fetal swallowing and voiding can contribute to the
      control of amniotic fluid volume at term.

PMID- 377165
TI  - Tamoxifen-induced regression of benign breast lesions.
AB  - Sixty-three patients with severe breast dysplasia were treated with tamoxifen, 10
      mg/day from day 5 to day 25 of the menstrual cycle for 4 months. Lesions were
      assessed by mammography, thermography, and echography (A- and B-mode scanning).
      In 45 patients (71.43%) there was complete remission of symptoms and
      disappearance of lesions as assessed by echography and clinical examination. Some
      improvement was seen in 12 patients. In all but 2 of those in whom lesions
      disappeared completely, no recurrence was seen in 12 months after treatment was
      discontinued. Estrogen receptors were assayed in 10 patients, but were detected
      in none. A decrease of doubtful statistical significance was observed in some
      patients in basal and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-stimulated levels of
      prolactin during the treatment period. No other significant or unequivocal change
      in endocrine parameters was observed during tamoxifen treatment.

PMID- 377166
TI  - Gracilis myocutaneous flap in reconstruction of the vulva and female perineum.
AB  - For the past 2 decades there has been a definite trend among pelvic surgeons to
      immediately reconstruct the large defects created by deforming radical cancer
      surgery in the female pelvis and perineum. Extensive en bloc removal of more
      tissue has enhanced the probabilities of increased 5-year survival. At the same
      time, however, the quality of life following radical surgery has been of great
      concern to both patient and surgeon. Recent advances have been made in techniques
      for reconstruction. It is the purpose of this paper to present our experience
      using the gracilis myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of the vulva after
      radical excision of perineal tissue. The technique of the procedure is presented
      with the clinical results in 5 cases, and the complications noted therein.

PMID- 377167
TI  - Safety: too important a matter to be left to the engineers? Part 2.

PMID- 377170
TI  - [Morphologic, qualitative and percental study of the anaerobic flora of the
      gingivo-dental sulcus].

PMID- 377169
TI  - [Eleven years of fluoridation in Chile, the Curico-San Fernando pilot program
      from 1933-1964].

PMID- 377168
TI  - [Stomatitis under prosthesis].

PMID- 377171
TI  - [Comparative environmental-ethnic study on incidence of dental caries in a school
      population in the south of Chile].

PMID- 377172
TI  - The syndrome of the torn anterior cruciate ligament.

PMID- 377173
TI  - Osteomyelitis: recent clinical and laboratory aspects.

PMID- 377174
TI  - Chemical profiles of disease.
AB  - Chemical profiles have been used successfully in teaching the interpretation of
      laboratory test values. The profiles have a visual impact that assists in making
      associative and correlative observations about disease processes. Profiles are
      most useful in attempts to integrate multiple test abnormalities in a given
      disease process. Representative profiles are illustrated and discussed as
      examples of the effectiveness of this mode of analysis of clinical laboratory
      data in laboratory medicine.

PMID- 377175
TI  - [Surgical tactics in injuries of the ungual phalanges of the fingers in
      children].

PMID- 377177
TI  - [Skin flap on closed nutrient pedicle for plastic surgery of deep wound defects
      of the hand].

PMID- 377176
TI  - [Brephoplasty in reconstructive surgery of hand deformities in children].

PMID- 377178
TI  - [Principles of treatment of nerve injuries of the hand and fingers at late
      periods after trauma].

PMID- 377179
TI  - [Anatolii Iulianovich Pashchuk].

PMID- 377180
TI  - [Thyrocalcitonin therapy and its effect on serum and urinary indices in Paget's
      disease].

PMID- 377181
TI  - [Prevention of thromboembolic complications in surgical interventions on the
      spine].

PMID- 377182
TI  - [Lengthening of short stumps of the extremities].

PMID- 377183
TI  - [60th anniversary of the Kiev Research Institute of Orthopedics].

PMID- 377184
TI  - [Nadezhda Semenovna Andrushko].

PMID- 377186
TI  - Immunosuppression induced by Plasmodium berghei and P. chabaudi infections in
      mice.

PMID- 377185
TI  - C-peptide response to arginine infusion in insulin requiring diabetics.

PMID- 377187
TI  - [Classroom lectures (the unity of practice and theory in the efficiency of
      instruction)].

PMID- 377188
TI  - [Origins of chemotherapy (Paul Ehrlich)].

PMID- 377189
TI  - [In memory of Istvan Went].

PMID- 377190
TI  - [Anton von Troltsch (1829--1890)].

PMID- 377191
TI  - [Data on the biography of Dr. Henrik Mangold].

PMID- 377193
TI  - [Vladimir Aleksandrovich Negovskii].

PMID- 377192
TI  - [Mechanism of disturbed sodium transport and functions regulating osmolar
      homeostasis in chronic rejection of the renal allotransplant].

PMID- 377195
TI  - In memoriam. John P. Caffey 1895--1978.

PMID- 377194
TI  - [Rostislav Evgen'evich Kavetskii].

PMID- 377196
TI  - In memoriam. Lutz Schall 1894-1978.

PMID- 377197
TI  - Literature in pediatric radiology.

PMID- 377199
TI  - [Index of phagocytizing cells and phagocytosis index in acute urinary tract
      infections in children].

PMID- 377198
TI  - [Fluorine in the prevention of dental caries--yesterday, today and tomorrow].

PMID- 377200
TI  - [Cryoglobulinemia in clinical pathology].

PMID- 377201
TI  - Liver replacement for pediatric patients.
AB  - Between March 1963 and January 1978, 74 patients 18 years of age or younger have
      had liver replacements at the University of Colorado Medical Center, Denver. The
      most common cause of native liver failure was biliary atresis (48/74, 65%); the
      second most common cause was chronic aggressive hepatitis (12/74, 16%). Twenty
      nine patients (39%) lived for at least one year, and 16 are still alive one to
      nine years after transplantation. Technical surgical problems, rejection, and
      infection were the main causes of death. Improved immunosuppression is needed;
      nevertheless, the quality of life in the long-term survivors has encouraged
      continuation of this difficult work.

PMID- 377202
TI  - Vitamin E absorption in small premature infants.
AB  - The absorption of vitamin E, given by orogastric tube, was studied in premature
      infants who weighed less than 1.5 kg at birth. After the administration of either
      dl-alpha tocopherol or the acetate form, plasma tocopherol levels increased. In a
      second blind trial, 28 infants received either 25 units of dl-alpha tocopherol or
      placebo during the first six weeks of life. Plasma tocopherol levels in all
      treated infants were sustained in the normal adult range. The vitamin E-deficient
      state of premature infants can be corrected by oral therapy alone.

PMID- 377203
TI  - Splenectomy and sepsis: a warning.

PMID- 377204
TI  - Adolescents with myelodysplasia: impact of physical disability on emotional
      maturation.
AB  - Certain physical, psychological and social characteristics of 20 adolescents with
      myelodysplasia are compared to those of age and gender-matched controls. In
      addition to the obvious physical differences the areas of greatest concern are
      self-esteem and social-sexual adjustment. Family relations, feelings, and modes
      of expression were not different in the two groups. Lack of appropriate chores,
      decreased opportunities to interact and compete with peers, plus uncertainties to
      interact and compete with peers, plus uncertainties about bowel and bladder
      continence appear to be the greatest impediments to emotional growth in this
      physically handicapped group of teenagers. Early recognition of such problems and
      finding strategies to overcome them are important aspects of the comprehensive
      care of any person with a chronic disability.

PMID- 377205
TI  - Group B streptococcal colonization in prepubertal children.
AB  - Colonization of prepubertal boys and girls with group B streptococci was studied
      prosepctively for one year. Throat, anal canal, and vaginal cultures were
      obtained from 415 children not receiving antimicrobics. The over-all colonization
      rate at any site was 11.3% and did not vary with age, sex, or season.
      Streptococci were recovered most commonly from the anal canal. Throat
      colonization was comparable in boys and girls. A total of 71 sites were positive
      for the organism in the 47 colonized children. Serotype Ia was the most common
      (41% of isolates). Types II and III accounted for 24% and 20%, respectively.
      Colonization at more than one site occurred in 20 children and in two of these
      children, different serotypes were recovered from different sites.

PMID- 377206
TI  - [Dynamics of the kininogen level and antitryptic capacity of the blood serum in
      staphylococcal destruction of the lungs in children treated with enzyme
      inhibitors].

PMID- 377207
TI  - [Development of the pediatric service and the training of pediatricians in the
      Mongolian People's Republic].

PMID- 377208
TI  - [Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in children].

PMID- 377209
TI  - [Progress in the theory of viral hepatitis B].

PMID- 377210
TI  - Lateral eye-movements and indices of nonanalytic attending in right-handed
      females.
AB  - 24 right-handed females were assessed on left-moving after participating in a
      study wherein they were presented on hypnotic susceptibility and absorption and
      then attended "nonanalytically" for 20 sessions. Although no significant
      correlations were found between left-moving and other variables, further analyses
      indicated a non-linear relationship between left-moving and susceptibility,
      absorption and self-rated "depth" of attending.

PMID- 377211
TI  - Body-cathexis and self-cathexis in an interactional, awareness training class.
AB  - This study examined the effects of a psychology of adjustment class on body
      acceptance and self-acceptance. An introductory psychology class served as a
      control group. Subjects were pre- and posttested with the Body-cathexis and Self
      cathexis scales. Two by two analyses of covariance indicated that the adjustment
      group showed a larger gain on both scales than the control. Sex interacted with
      group significantly on the Body-cathexis scale only. Means indicated that the
      main effect of groups on the Body-cathexis scale may be attributed to the larger
      gains by females in the adjustment class.

PMID- 377212
TI  - Monaural studies eliciting an hemispheric asymmetry: a bibliography.
AB  - Since 1967, 74 studies reported in the literature using monaural stimulation
      elicited an hemispheric asymmetry, confirming original findings from dichotic
      listening studies.

PMID- 377214
TI  - Remedies and initiatives in health care.

PMID- 377213
TI  - [Indications for clasps, support and attachments of concern with partially
      dentulous patients].

PMID- 377215
TI  - Financing health care: programs and policies.

PMID- 377216
TI  - [Idiopathic haemochromatosis. I. Clinical, biological and therapeutic aspects
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Over the last few years the study of idiopathic haemochromatosis has not brought
      to light any basic change in the overall pattern of organic and metabolic damage
      produced by the disease and comprising altered skin pigmentation, liver disease,
      diabete mellitus, heart disease, endocrine dysfunction, bone and joint disease.
      Nevertheless, certain facets of the clinical picture have been described and
      progress has been made in understanding the signs of the disease. Although the
      desferrioxamine test is no without merit, especially if performed after vitamin C
      administration, for measuring the extent of iron overload, two methods seem
      better equipped: serum ferritin radioimmunoassay and measurement of iron
      concentration in a liver biopsy specimen. The HLA antigen A3 and, more
      especially, haplotype A3, B14, are markers for the genetic basis of the disease.
      Repeated phlebotomy therapy generally brings about symptomatic improvement and a
      significant increase in survival.

PMID- 377217
TI  - [Fixation in vivo of antinuclear antibodies].

PMID- 377218
TI  - [Recent advances in the study of viral hepatitis].

PMID- 377219
TI  - [Non-lymphoblastic acute leukaemia: maintenance therapy by trial of a combination
      of chemo- and immunotherapy (author's transl)].
AB  - A trial of immunotherapy in the maintenance treatment of non-lymphoblastic acute
      leukaemias led to a comparison of 2 groups of patients in complete remission.
      Group C (14 patients) received only monthly reinduction chemotherapy. Group C + I
      (17 patients) received identical chemotherapy together with weekly immunotherapy
      combining BCG and irradiated leukaemic cells. Whilst the duration of the first
      remission was unmodified, the overall survival and above all survival after the
      first recurrence were prolonged in group C + I. These results were all the more
      marked when a homogeneous patients having received the same induction
      chemotherapy is considered.

PMID- 377220
TI  - [Transmission of plasmodium falciparum malaria by syringe in a patient with
      heroinism].

PMID- 377221
TI  - [Pierre Blanchon, 1913-1978].

PMID- 377222
TI  - [Myelosclerosis : pseudo-tumors forms (author's transl)].
AB  - Signs of pseudo-tumor growth may be seen in myelosclerosis. Eight personal cases
      and a review of the literature are discussed in this article. The observations
      here reported cover pseudo-tumors occurring in ganglia, liver, suprarenals (3),
      abdomen and pancreas. They are classified as sclerotic haemopoietic tumors. This
      category has particular characteristics when compared to extra-medullary
      haemopoiesis, extra-medullary haemopoietic growths, and a fourth category,
      sarcoma-type malignant tumors in myelosclerosis. The identity of these last three
      entities is widely discussed in the literature. The main histological and
      cytological characteristics for pseudo-tumor diagnosis in myelosclerosis are
      reported here.

PMID- 377223
TI  - Regulation of hemopoiesis.
AB  - The development of in vitro cloning systems for populations of hemopoietic and
      lymphoid cells has enabled a family of specific regulatory macromolecules to be
      detected and characterized. These macromolecules control proliferation and
      differentiation in hemopoietic cell populations. Studies have demonstrated the
      complexity of the spectrum of molecules which are involved in the regulation of
      each group of hemopoietic cells. Heterogeneous subpopulations of molecules exist
      for each regulatory function and more than one molecular form exists for the
      various regulator molecules. While the cellular origin of many of these
      regulators has not been clearly demonstrated, it is apparent that hemopoietic
      populations themselves can be significant sources of both stimulatory and
      inhibitory regulators. In particular, there are now clear examples of regulatory
      interactions which occur in both directions between hemopoietic and lymphoid
      populations. While in no case a complete analysis of the control systems has been
      achieved, maintenance of homeostasis in hemopoietic systems is now better
      understood than for most other cell populations in the body. Further, with
      existing techniques, and in particular, the exploitation of the full potential of
      the semi-solid cloning systems, it is realistic to expect that a complete
      analysis of hemopoietic regulation can now be accomplished.

PMID- 377224
TI  - [Repeated sampling of rat polymorphonuclear leucocytes from the pleural cavity.
      Application for the study of leucocyte chemotaxis (author's transl)].
AB  - A method is described for allowing the sampling of a homogeneous population of
      polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) from the rat pleural cavity a well as a technique
      involving the use of a phase-contrast microscope and video-recording system to
      study the necrotaxis of rat PMN towards a single erythrocyte lysed by ruby-laser
      irradiation. This allows both the speed of the leucocytes and the degree of their
      chemotactic response to be determined. The advantages and disadvantages of the
      experimental technique are discussed along with its application to the study of
      in vitro and in vivo actions of various drugs on rat PMN chemotaxis.

PMID- 377225
TI  - [Morphology and deformability of erythrocytes in muscular dystrophy].
AB  - In recent years, the presence of red cell morphological abnormalities in patients
      with Muscular Dystrophy has made the object of numerous, often contradictory
      reports. A possible source of such confusion may lie in the fact that human
      erythrocytes are extremely sensitive to morphologic transformations resulting
      from various manipulations or environmental conditions in vitro. We have examined
      the morphology and deformability of erythrocytes from 7 patients with Duchenne
      and 9 patients with Steinert (myotonic) Muscular Dystrophy. To avoid preparation
      artifacts, fresh, unwashed red cells suspended in their own plasma were examined
      under phase contrast microscopy for the presence of either echinocytes and
      stomatocytes. Deformability was measured by filtration of dilute cell suspensions
      at constant flow rate through nucleopore membranes (nominal pore diameter = 3
      micron). No significant difference was found between the patients' cells and
      those of 22 healthy volunteer controls. We conclude that previously reported
      abnormalities may have been the result of preparation artifacts. It appears
      possible, however, that erythrocytes from Muscular Dystrophy patients may be more
      sensitive than normal ones to certain stimuli originating from red cell
      manipulations in vitro.

PMID- 377226
TI  - [Materno-foetal transfer of anti-HLA antibodies. Study by using LDA test
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The LDA test was used to study the materno-foetal transfer of anti-HLA
      antibodies. The results were compared with those obtained earlier by the
      complement dependent lymphocytoxicity test (CdL). Although more sensitive than
      CdL, the LDA test did not demonstrate more maternal antibodies in cord blood when
      these antibodies corresponded to the child's paternal antigens. Nevertheless LDA
      demonstrated antibodies did not always behave similarly to those seen by CdL.

PMID- 377227
TI  - Characterization of a cloned ribosomal fragment from mouse which contains the 18S
      coding region and adjacent spacer sequences.
AB  - The large EcoRI fragment of mouse ribosomal genes containing parts of the non
      transcribed spacer, the external transcribed spacer located at the 5' end of the
      precursor molecule and about two thirds of the 18S sequence has been cloned in
      bacteriophage lambda  gtWES. A physical map of the DNA was constructed by
      cleavage with several restriction endonucleases and hybridization of the
      restriction fragments of the recombinant DNA with labelled 18S and 45S rRNA. The
      orientation of the inserted fragment as well as the length of the 18S sequence
      was determined by electron microscopy of R-loop containing molecules. The absence
      of hybridization of the cloned fragment to other fragments in the genome shows
      that the non-transcribed spacer does not have a significant length of sequences
      in common with other sequences in the genome.

PMID- 377228
TI  - Role of ribothymidine in the thermal stability of transfer RNA as monitored by
      proton magnetic resonance.
AB  - In order to elucidate the functional role of the modified uridines at position 54
      of tRNA, the 270 MHz high-field proton NMR spectra of methionine tRNAs from E.
      coli, from a mutant thereof, and from T. thermophilus, containing ribothymidine,
      uridine and 2-thioribothymidine, respectively, have been measured as a function
      of temperature. A comparison of the NMR melting profiles of the minor nucleosides
      from these tRNAs shows that the melting temperature of uridine containing tRNA is
      6 degrees C lower than that of the wild type tRNA whereas that of the 2
      thioribothymidine tRNA is 7 degrees C higher than that of the wild type tRNA.
      These results, therefore, demonstrate that these modifications serve for
      stabilization of the tertiary structure of tRNA.

PMID- 377229
TI  - The binding of tyrosinyl-5'-AMP to tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (E.coli).
AB  - The binding between tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (E.coli) and the alkylanalogue of the
      aminoacyladenylate, tyrosinyl-5'-AMP, has been investigated by fluorescence
      titrations and rapid mixing experiments. Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase has two
      equivalent and independent binding sites for tyrosinyl-5'-AMP. The intrinsic
      binding constant is 4 x 10(7)M-1. The binding sites for tRNATyr and tyrosinyl-5'
      AMP are independent of each other, the anticooperative mode of tRNA binding being
      preserved in the presence of tyrosinyl-5-AMP.

PMID- 377230
TI  - The regulatory region of MS2 phage RNA replicase cistron. IV. Functional activity
      of specific MS2 RNA fragments in formation of the 70 S initiation complex of
      protein biosynthesis.
AB  - The initiation region of the MS2 replicase cistron can be isolated as a fragment
      59 bases in length protected from RNAase by the binding of the coat protein which
      serves as a translational repressor. This fragment MS2 R(-53 leads to 6) starts
      53 bases before the initiation codon and retains full activity in binding
      ribosomes. We have investigated the functional activity in initiation of a series
      of fragments from this region variously shortened from the 5'-end. Ribosome
      protected fragments starting 17 or 21 bases before the AUG are unable to rebind
      to ribosomes. The shortest fragment which has this activity was produced by
      partial S1 nuclease digestion and starts 33 to 35 bases before the AUG. The
      initiation signal comprises some nucleotides between 21 and 33 bases before the
      initiation codon and the regulatory region responsible for initiation is longer
      than that protected by the ribosome in the final initiation complex.

PMID- 377231
TI  - Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Genetik, Abteilung Wittmann, Berlin-Dahlem,
      GFR.
AB  - It is well established that when E. coli 30S ribosomal subunits are irradiated
      with ultraviolet light under mild conditions a specific cross-link is formed
      between protein S7 and the 16S RNA. Methodology is presented for the analysis of
      the single nucleotide residue concerned in this cross-link. Firstly, the identity
      of the ribonuclease T1 octanucleotide attached to S7 is confirmed by a new
      method, which involves isolation and analysis of S7-polynucleotide complexes
      containing 30 -- 40 nucleotides. Secondly, the isolated S7-octanucleotide complex
      is digested successively with ribonuclease A, proteinase K and ribonuclease T2,
      and the nucleotides liberated are identified. The results show unambiguously that
      uridine residue number 1239 in the 16S RNA sequence is cross-linked to protein
      S7.

PMID- 377232
TI  - Physical map of the seven ribosomal RNA genes of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Escherichia coli DNA was digested with restriction endonucleases BamHI, PstI,
      EcoRI, SalI, HindIII, XhoI, BglII, SmaI, HpaI and with selected double and triple
      combinations of the same enzymes. The digests were electrophoresed and hybridized
      with 32P-labelled ribosomal RNA by using the Southern blotting technique. The
      resulting bands could be arranged into seven groups, and it was possible to
      construct a unique physical map of the seven rRNA genes (operons) of the
      bacterial chromosome. Mapping information obtained on several transducing phages
      and recombinant plasmids carrying rRNA genes, and mapping data published in the
      literature helped to determine the final map. The results suggest that phage
      lambda daroE152 carries a "hybrid" rRNA gene which was probably formed by
      recombination between two different chromosomal rRNA genes.

PMID- 377233
TI  - DNA sequences of the integration sites and inverted repeated structure of
      transposon Tn3.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of the "inverted repeat" structure of the transposon Tn3
      was determined by the DNA sequencing procedure developed by Maxam and Gilbert(1).
      The sequence, 38 base pairs long, is as follows: 5'
      GGGGTCTGACGCTCAGTGGAACGAAAACTCACGTTAAG..(Tn3) 3'
      CCCCAGACTGCGAGTCACCTTGCTTTTGAGTGCAATTC.. The integration of Tn3 is associated
      with a directly repeated sequence of 5 nucleotides appearing at each end of Tn3.
      The two directly repeated sequences so far determined are not the same.
      Furthermore, there is no homologous structure around the integration point of
      Tn3.

PMID- 377234
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the three major early promoters of bacteriophage T7.
AB  - I have determined the nucleotide sequences of the three major early promoters of
      bacteriophage T7 (A1, A2, A3). The sequences confirm the two main homologies
      found between other known promoters for E. coli RNA polymerase (nucleoside
      triphosphate:RNA nucleotidyl transferase, E.C. 2. 7. 7. 6). In particular, all
      three T7 promoters show a very good match with the -35 region homology; the A2
      and A3 promoters share a 17 basepair sequence in this region. On the other hand,
      the match with the Pribnow Box homology is much less pronounced and different for
      each T7 promoter.

PMID- 377235
TI  - Comparison on the structure and transcriptional capability of growing phase and
      stationary yeast chromatin: a model for reversible gene activation.
AB  - We have compared the structure of intra-nuclear and isolated chromatin from
      logarithmically growing yeast cells to chromatin from cells which had entered the
      stationary phase and ceased growing. Both chromatins show a similar nucleosomal
      repeat pattern, 160 bp repeat size, with staphylococcal nuclease and similar
      variability in repeat sizes within the genome. DNase I produces the same ladder
      (less than 120 b) and a quite similar extended ladder (120-300 b) which shows
      that both chromatins have phased nucleosomes. However, the rate of DNase I
      digestion of growing phase is greater than in stationary. Functionally speaking,
      growing phase nuclei are 5-20 times as active in the rate of endogenous
      transcription (all three polymerases are involved). The transcriptional and DNase
      I susceptibility differences noted in nuclei are maintained in sucrose gradient
      isolated oligonucleosomes and mononucleosomes from the two states.

PMID- 377238
TI  - A history of the plague in England--1. The coming of the plague--The Black Death.

PMID- 377237
TI  - Cognitive, affective, and transfer of learning consequences of computer-assisted
      instruction.
AB  - The effect of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) versus lecture-discussion (LD)
      on cognitive learning, transfer of learning, and affective behaviors of nurse
      practitioner students was tested by the following hypotheses: The experimental
      (E) group will learn, transfer, and demonstrate affective behaviors significantly
      more than the control (C1 group. Subjects were 31 nurse practioner students at
      the graduate level. Content taught was the nursing and medical management of
      hypertensive patients. The 14 E group subjects were taught by means of CAI. The
      17 C group subjects were taught by means of LD. Pre- and posttests were done to
      obtain meassures on cognitive learning and transfer of learning. Demographic data
      and affective measures were obtained only at the posttest. The hypotheses were
      tested by means of t test. Pearson's r and MCNemar's Test for Symmetry were done
      to test the relationship between the variables. Results showed no significant
      differences between the groups in congitive learning, transfer of learning, or
      affective behaviors. There were, however, significant differences between the
      groups in three posttest scores on cognitive learning and transfer of learning,
      with the E group scoring better. Both groups learned significantly, but only the
      E group transferred significantly. Implications were made for education of nurse
      practitioners and staff.

PMID- 377236
TI  - Characterization by sedimentation analysis of kinetoplast DNA from Trypanosoma
      cruzi at different stages of culture.
AB  - The kinetoplast DNA networks of Trypanosoma cruzi exist under two forms which
      have been studied by equilibrium density centrifugation in CsCl gradients
      containing ethidium bromide and by band sedimentation analysis. The relative
      proportion of the two forms has been measured and varies significantly between
      the exponential and stationary phase of growth, suggesting that one of these
      forms is a replicative intermediate. Both forms exhibit very high sedimentation
      coefficients. The sedimentation velocity ethidium titration was used to measure
      the superhelix density of the kinetoplast DNA after having established the
      validity of the method with in vitro closed DNA networks. The superhelix density
      of the native form of the kinetoplast DNA minicircles is very low and varies
      according to the physiological state of the trypanosomes. Furthermore, we
      observed a significant increase of the superhelix density of the kinetoplast DNA
      of trypanosomes grown in the presence of ethidium.

PMID- 377239
TI  - History of the plague. 2. Tudor epidemics and the Great Plague.

PMID- 377240
TI  - Newsmakers: Olive Anstey:--international nurse.

PMID- 377241
TI  - History of the plague. 3. Coping with the plague.

PMID- 377242
TI  - Raising the wind.

PMID- 377243
TI  - Newsmakers: Sheila Quinn--'EEC NO'.

PMID- 377244
TI  - Master and matron (Minnie Millson and Eric Wheller).

PMID- 377245
TI  - Nursing care study: chronic renal failure in a child.

PMID- 377246
TI  - A nurse's war.

PMID- 377247
TI  - Transactional analysis: a model for psychiatric consultation in the general
      hospital.

PMID- 377248
TI  - Nursing care study. Patient on a ventilator: beyond the speech barrier.

PMID- 377249
TI  - 69 years of struggle.

PMID- 377251
TI  - Bone marrow transplantation: translatlantic comparisons.

PMID- 377250
TI  - David Williams is no Jay-bird.

PMID- 377252
TI  - Nursing below the surface (Anne Chappell).

PMID- 377253
TI  - Today's products and wound management.

PMID- 377254
TI  - Cardiac transplantation: new heart, new hopes.

PMID- 377255
TI  - Vital links: icecream in the curry (Joan Iveson-Iveson).

PMID- 377256
TI  - Cardiac transplantation: nursing - detection and teaching.

PMID- 377257
TI  - Cardiac transplantation: need for patient counselling.

PMID- 377258
TI  - Cardiac transplantation: like a miracle, like a light.

PMID- 377259
TI  - [25th anniversary of the founding of the Center for the Therapy and
      Rehabilitation of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Tract Diseases at Otwock].

PMID- 377260
TI  - [Report on roentgen diagnosis. Evaluation of cadres, equipment and activities of
      roentgen radiology departments].

PMID- 377261
TI  - [Levamisole as an immunoregulatory drug].

PMID- 377262
TI  - [Admission of surgical students].

PMID- 377263
TI  - [An artificial kidney center at a regional hospital].

PMID- 377264
TI  - [Hypertensive crisis and its treatment].

PMID- 377265
TI  - Cholelithiasis. Review of advances in research.
AB  - Cholelithiasis is now known to result from multiple causes and to have distinct
      clinical correlates. New knowledge about its pathophysiology and relationship to
      altered hepatic metabolism, the enterohepatic circulation, and gallbladder
      function has led to theories of prevention and to medical methods of treatment,
      including dissolution of stones by bile acid therapy.

PMID- 377266
TI  - Chronic hepatitis.
AB  - Chronic hepatitis may be viral or "lupoid" or may be related to drug use,
      alcoholism, or Wilson's disease. This article outlines the routine and special
      laboratory investigations that are indicated when the presence of chronic
      hepatitis is suspected from symptoms referable to the liver or from biochemical
      or physical abnormalities in an asymptomatic patient. The importance of needle
      liver biopsy in diagnosis and in follow-up is emphasized. Special attention is
      given to the selection of patients for prednisolone therapy.

PMID- 377267
TI  - Primary biliary cirrhosis as a collagen disease.
AB  - Primary biliary cirrhosis is a disease of the small bile ducts with altered
      immunologic responsiveness often associated with various collagen diseases. All
      appear to be mediated by immune complex deposition. They probably are all
      different clinical manifestations of the same disease with different expressions
      determined by genetic and acquired factors. Therapy should be directed to the
      most immediate life-threatening problem.

PMID- 377268
TI  - Diflunisal -- a new analgesic.

PMID- 377269
TI  - Blackburn's two hospitals.

PMID- 377270
TI  - [Diseases due to the inhalation of asbestos dust].

PMID- 377271
TI  - [Angiological problems of calcitonin therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 377272
TI  - [Optidase in the treatment of arthrosis by intramuscular injections and
      iontophoresis (author's transl)].

PMID- 377273
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Albert Senn, June 13, 1979].

PMID- 377274
TI  - [Conservative therapy combined with personal motivation as practiced in the
      orthodontic center of Forli in 1974, evaluated in a 3-year control].

PMID- 377275
TI  - [Pressing problems of hypoplastic (aplastic) anemias].

PMID- 377276
TI  - [Disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome on administering various
      antigens into the body].

PMID- 377277
TI  - [Nikolai Aleksandrovich Fedorov (on his 75th birthday)].

PMID- 377278
TI  - Amino acid sequence of ATP phosphoribosyltransferase of Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The amino acid sequence of ATP phosphoribosyltransferase [1-(5'-phosphoribosyl)
      ATP:pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase, EC 2.4.2.17] of Salmonella
      typhimurium has been determined. The amino acid sequence analysis was carried out
      with a combination of manual and automated methods. It was complemented by DNA
      sequence analysis (done in another laboratory) of the hisG gene, which codes for
      it. The subunit polypeptide chain contains 299 amino acid residues and has a
      molecular weight of 33,216. The amino-terminal segment of the protein is
      relatively basic in character and has limited sequence homologies with the lac
      repressor and histidinol dehydrogenase. In addition, the protein contains a 40
      residue segment that has 13 residues identical with the sequence surrounding the
      active-site cysteine of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.

PMID- 377279
TI  - Hyperdegradation of proteins in Escherichia coli rho mutants.
AB  - An Escherichia coli mutant, HDF026, defective for growth of phage T4, has been
      characterized biochemically and genetically. The mutant displays an elevated
      level of degradation of abnormal proteins, such as puromycyl polypeptides or
      canavanine-containing polypeptides. Genetically, HDF026 appears to be an allele
      of rho, which also encodes the transcription termination factor and RNA-dependent
      ATPase, Rho. The mutation contransduces by phage PI with ilv, weakly suppresses
      polar mutations in gal, and permits some growth of lambda N- phage. Temperature
      sensitive lambda mutants in gene O exhibit a reduced efficiency of plating at
      intermediate temperature on HDF026 mutants; presumably the lambda Ots protein is
      rapidly degraded in these strains. The ability of wild-type lambda to grow on
      HDF026 is also reduced, apparently the result of the lambda N product deficiency.
      gal escape synthesis, which reflects the level of lambda N activity, is decreased
      50-66% in the HDF026 mutant. lambda r32, which requires more N function than wild
      type phage, does not grow at all in HDF026. A lon mutation, which decreases
      protein degradation, partially reverses some of these phenotypes, suggesting that
      they are related to the protein hyperlability of HDF026.

PMID- 377280
TI  - Replication of an origin-containing derivative of plasmid RK2 dependent on a
      plasmid function provided in trans.
AB  - pRK212.2, a derivative of the broad host range plasmid RK2, contains two EcoRI
      cleavage fragments, A and B, neither of which can replicate by itself in
      Escherichia coli. Fragment A (41.7 kilobases), but not fragment B (14.4
      kilobases), can be cloned by insertion into the unrelated plasmids mini-F and
      ColE1. Fragment B contains the origin of replication and the ampicillin
      resistance determinant of RK2. Transformation of E. coli cells containing the
      mini-F-fragment A hybrid plasmid with fragment B DNA results in the
      recircularization and replication of fragment B as a nonmobilizable plasmid
      (pRK2067) with the copy number and incompatibility properties of RK2. Fragment B
      cannot be cloned in the absence of fragment A because the latter fragment
      suppresses a function, specified by fragment B, that results in loss of host cell
      viability. A small segment (2.4 kilobases) of fragment B that contains the RK2
      origin of replication but no longer affects host cell growth in the absence of
      fragment A had been cloned previously by insertion into a ColE1 plasmid. This
      hybrid plasmid, designated pRK256, will replicate in E. coli polA mutants only
      when a fragment A-bearing helper plasmid is present. These results demonstrate
      that the potentially lethal function specified by fragment B of RK2 is not
      necessary for replication and that at least one trans-acting function is directly
      involved in RK2 replication.

PMID- 377281
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the ribosomal protein gene cluster adjacent to the gene
      for RNA polymerase subunit beta in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The 3072-nucleotide-long sequence of a segment from the 88-min region of the
      Escherichia coli chromosome has been determined. The sequence covers the genes
      for ribosomal proteins L11 (rplK), LI (rplA), L10 (rplJ), and L7/L12 ((rplL), and
      the 5' end of the gene for the beta subunit of RNA polymerase (rpoB), along with
      the presumed regulatory regions for these genes. The probable locations of the
      promoter for the first two genes (the L11 operon) and the promoter for the latter
      three genes (the proximal part of the beta operon) have been identified. We have
      also found that the four ribosomal protein genes preferentially use codons that
      are recognized efficiently by the most abundant tRNA species. These and other
      features of the sequence results are discussed in relation to available
      information obtained from both in vitro and in vivo experiments on the expression
      of these ribosomal and RNA polymerase subunit genes.

PMID- 377282
TI  - Further studies on the mode of action of the heme-controlled translational
      inhibitor.
AB  - We have isolated [de Haro, C. & Ochoa, S. (1978) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75,
      2713-2716] a protein factor (eIF-2 stimulating protein, ESP) that is essential
      for formation of ternary and 40S initiation complexes by the eukaryotic
      polypeptide chain initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) at the low concentrations of eIF-2
      present in reticulocyte lysates. The fact that stimulation of complex formation
      by ESP is virtually abolished when the small (38,000 daltons) subunit of eIF-2 is
      phosphorylated by ATP in the presence of eIF-2 kinase (heme-controlled inhibitor,
      HCI) is consistent with the notion that HCI inhibits translation in lysates by
      blocking the interaction of eIF-2 with ESP. Our present work, with highly
      purified eIF-2 and ESP, has additionally established that, unlike phosphorylation
      of the small subunit, phosphorylation of the middle (52,000 daltons) subunit of
      eIF-2, which does not lead to translational inhibition in lysates, does not
      affect eIF-2-ESP interaction. This provides further support for our model of
      translational inhibition by HCI.

PMID- 377283
TI  - Direct chemical method for sequencing RNA.
AB  - Four different base-specific chemical reactions generate a means of directly
      sequencing RNA terminally labeled with 32P. After a partial, specific
      modification of each kind of RNA base, an amine-catalyzed strand scission
      generates labeled fragments whose lengths determine the position of each
      nucleotide in the sequence. Dimethyl sulfate modifies guanosine. Diethyl
      pyrocarbonate attacks primarily adenosine. Hydrazine attacks uridine and
      cytidine, but salt suppresses the reaction with uridine. In all cases, aniline
      induces a subsequent strand scission. The electrophoretic fractionation of the
      labeled fragments on a polyacrylamide gel, followed by autoradiography,
      determines the RNA sequence. RNA labeled at the 3' end yields clean cleavage
      patterns for each purine and pyrimidine and allows a determination of the entire
      RNA sequence out to 100-200 bases from the labeled terminus.

PMID- 377284
TI  - Greatly decreased susceptibility of nonmetabolizing cells towards detergents.
AB  - The addition of different detergents to Chlorella cells that had previously
      accumulated 6-deoxyglucose causes a rapid release of the hexose analogue into the
      medium. This effect is independent of the nature of the detergent and is observed
      only when the cells are in an energized state. Thus, in the presence of the
      uncoupler p-trifluoromethoxycarbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone or of inhibitors such
      as N-ethylmaleimide, the cells show a greatly reduced susceptibility towards
      detergents. Similarly, the detergent-induced loss of accumulated alpha
      aminoisobutyric acid from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and of potassium from
      Escherichia coli is also strongly affected by the energy state of the cells. The
      differential susceptibility of energized and nonenergized cells was observed at
      all detergent concentrations tested. Measurements of substrate efflux at
      different concentrations of Triton indicated that only Triton monomers are
      responsible for the increase in permeability. The absorption of [14C]Triton X-100
      by Chlorella and the binding of detergent to the cells were measured in the
      presence of metabolic inhibitors. Again, nonenergized cells bound a significantly
      lower amount of Triton X-100. The amphiphilic antibiotic nystatin produced
      effects on cell permeability similar to those of detergents, whereas toluene,
      which is apolar, gave opposite results.

PMID- 377285
TI  - Role of Thy-1 antigen in the in vitro differentiation of a rat mammary cell line.
AB  - A line of rat mammary cells, LA7, undergoes differentiation into domes or ridges
      or projections under partial medium control. Immunofluorescent studies show that
      at the time of dome formation the LA7 cultures express the Thy-1 antigen at the
      borders between cells. Exposure of the cultures to certain monoclonal anti-Thy
      1.1 sera prevents formation of new domes and causes disappearance of preexisting
      ones; antisera to whole cells produce no visible effect. Cultures exposed to anti
      Thy-1 sera at effective concentrations of antibody against domes show
      morphological changes and ridge formation. It seems that the specific
      interactions of these antisera with the Thy-1 antigen redirects the
      differentiation program of the cells.

PMID- 377286
TI  - Secretion and cell-surface growth are blocked in a temperature-sensitive mutant
      of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells contain a small internal pool of the secretory
      enzymes invertase and acid phosphatase. This pool increases up to 8-fold at 37
      degrees C in a temperature-sensitive, secretion-defective mutant strain (sec 1
      1). Cell division and incorporation of a sulfate permease activity stop abruptly
      at the restrictive temperature, while protein synthesis continues for several
      hours. Electron microscopy of mutant cells incubated at 37 degrees C reveals a
      large increase in the number of intracellular membrane-bound vesicles, which are
      shown by histochemical staining to contain the accumulated acid phosphatase. The
      vesicles are removed and the accumulated enzymes are secreted when cells are
      returned to a permissive temperature in the presence or absence of cycloheximide.
      These results are consistent with a vesicle intermediate in the yeast secretory
      pathway and suggest that exocytosis may contribute to cell-surface growth.

PMID- 377287
TI  - Monovalent ionophores inhibit secretion of procollagen and fibronectin from
      cultured human fibroblasts.
AB  - Procollagen and fibronectin are major products of confluent fibroblasts in
      culture and both are released from the cells. Procollagen is secreted by known
      pathways, while the mechanism of fibronectin release is controversial. We find
      that the secretion of both these proteins can be reduced to 20% by low
      concentrations (0.1-1 muM) of ionophores that have affinity for monovalent
      cations. In contrast, little effect upon secretion was found for similar
      concentrations of an ionophore that binds divalent cations. Electron microscopy
      showed that the inhibition of secretion is accompanied by accumulation of
      membranous vacuoles. We believe that the ionophores impede secretion by acting on
      the secretory structures rather than on the proteins themselves. Biochemical
      studies supported this interpretation because no changes were detected in
      hydroxylation or glycosylation of procollagen or glycosylation of fibronectin,
      nor were significant changes in cellular amino acid incorporation observed. Pulse
      chase studies indicated that the rates of secretion were impaired by the
      ionophore without enhancing intracellular degradation. The decreased secretory
      rates accounted for the lower levels of procollagen and fibronectin in the
      culture medium; no evidence for increased catabolism of the secreted proteins was
      found. Secretion could be readily restored by removing the ionophore from the
      culture medium. The results indicate that procollagen and fibronectin may be
      simultaneously secreted, possibly utilizing a common pathway for secretion; the
      ionophores effectively interfere with cellular secretory pathways without
      impairing protein synthesis or protein glycosylation or altering protein
      catabolism.

PMID- 377288
TI  - Inhibitors of membrane transport reduce lysosomal enzyme secretion from dogfish
      phagocytes and their killing of sea urchin eggs.
AB  - Blood phagocytes of the dogfish Mustelus canis attack oocytes of the sea urchin
      Arbacia punctulata, first provoking a surrogate fertilization response and then
      killing the eggs. To test the hypothesis that secretion of lysosomal contents is
      critical in this model of phagocyte-mediated cell injury, we studied effects of
      agents that modify lysosomal enzyme secretion. Inhibitors of membrane transport
      (>0.1 mM) inhibited postphagocytic secretion of lysosomal beta-glucuronidase from
      dogfish phagocytes: phloretin > ethacrynate > furosemide > 4-acetamido-4'
      isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid >> pyridoxal phosphate > ouabain. The
      same order of activity was found for inhibition by these agents of killing of
      Arbacia eggs by phagocytes. Cell activation (fertilization response) and
      cytotoxicity were quantitated both morphologically and by measurements of enzyme
      (beta-glucuronidase, catalase) release. The agents neither inhibited
      fertilization responses of eggs to calcium ionophore A23187 nor impaired their
      viability. Vital staining demonstrated that ethacrynate prevented phagocytes from
      degranulating upon contact with zymosan particles. The data not only suggest that
      agents primarily known for their capacity to inhibit membrane transport systems
      can inhibit lysosomal enzyme secretion from phagocytes but also support the
      hypothesis that secretion of lysosomal contents mediates activation and killing
      of target cells in phagocyte-mediated tissue injury.

PMID- 377289
TI  - Construction of an artificial blood vessel wall from cultured endothelial and
      smooth muscle cells.
AB  - Cloned bovine endothelial cells were grown on a preformed layer of cultured rat
      smooth muscle cells that contained large amounts of connective tissue proteins.
      The successful growth of the endothelial cells was dependent upon the addition of
      more than 2.5 x 10(4) cells per cm2, and the final density reached was
      approximately 2.5 times higher than that obtained for the same cells growing on
      plastic. The endothelial cells anchored more firmly to the smooth muscle cells
      than to plastic, and electron microscopy showed the existence of an irregular,
      dense, basal lamina-like structure between the two cell types. Biochemical
      analysis of the lamina produced by the endothelial cells in isolation
      demonstrated the presence of collagen and two fucosylated glycoproteins. The
      structure produced, which has some of the characteristics of a blood vessel wall,
      was stable for several months in culture and has many potential applications.

PMID- 377290
TI  - Tropomyosin synthesis accompanies formation of actin filaments in embryonal
      carcinoma cells induced to differentiate by hexamethylene bisacetamide.
AB  - Hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) induces in vitro the cytodifferentiation of
      PCC3/A/1 mouse embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells. In EC cells, actin is associated
      with surface structures but microfilament bundles are not seen. After 2 days of
      HMBA treatment, rounded EC cells are converted to flat adhesive ones with a
      developed cytoskeleton containing actin and tropomyosin. The ratio of actin to
      total proteins is constant in EC cells and their HMBA derivatives; but a striking
      difference is observed for one of the newly synthesized proteins (Mr 34,000)
      identified as tropomyosin. Synthesis of tropomyosin is followed by its
      association with actin microfilament bundles, as revealed by indirect
      immunofluorescence microscopy with specific antibodies.

PMID- 377291
TI  - Neuroactive drugs inhibit trypsin and outer membrane protein processing in
      Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Previous studies demonstrated that a cloned 2-megadalton (MDal) fragment of
      Escherichia coli DNA contained the structural gene for major outer membrane
      protein a (also known as 3b or M2 (40 kDal). The present study demonstrates that
      M2 is synthesized from a 42-kDal precursor that also is present in the outer
      membrane. The conversion of the 42-kDal precursor to M2 is inhibited by a number
      of different local anesthetics (procaine, piperocaine, lidocaine, cocaine), by
      the neuroactive drug atropine, and by the classical trypsin inhibitors N alpha
      tosyllysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) and benzamidine. Our kinetic studies
      demonstrate that the amidase action of pure trypsin is inhibited competitively by
      the local anesthetics tested (excluding lidocaine) as well as by atropine and
      neostigmine. A mechanism of action for local anesthetics as well as atropine in
      E. coli may to be inhibit trypsinlike proteases, in a competitive manner, in the
      region of the outer membrane. The mechanism of action of these compounds in
      regulating nerve conduction in man have certain features in common with the
      mechanism proposed in E. coli.

PMID- 377292
TI  - Arachidonic acid metabolism in polymorphonuclear leukocytes: effects of ionophore
      A23187.
AB  - Addition of arachidonic acid and the divalent cation ionophore A23187 to a
      suspension of human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes led to the
      formation of (5S)-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-icosatetraenoic acid, (15S)-hydroxy-5,8,11,13
      icosatetraenoic acid, and (5S,12R)-dihydroxy-6,8,10,14-icosatetraenoic acid. A
      method based on high-pressure liquid chromatography has been developed for assay
      of these metabolites. The addition of arachidonic acid to human polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes always resulted in formation of the isomeric monohydroxy acids.
      However, cells prepared from blood of different subjects were found to vary with
      respect to formation of the 5,12-dihydroxy acid. Addition of the ionophore alone
      strongly stimulated the formation of the 5-monohydroxy acid and more specifically
      the 5,12-dihydroxy acid from endogenous arachidonic acid. In all experiments
      performed the formation of the 5-hydroxy acid and the 5,12-dihydroxy acid was
      maximally stimulated when both arachidonic acid and the ionophore were added to
      the incubation mixture. Under these conditions, stimulation of 40-fold or more of
      the formation of both compounds was observed. The data demonstrate that, in
      addition to causing release of endogenous substrate, the ionophore also activated
      the enzymatic system involved in the further transformations of arachidonic acid.
      This finding raises the possibility that this pathway of arachidonic acid
      metabolism is involved in the biological response (e.g., release of lysosomal
      enzymes, the slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis, and chemotactic factors) of
      leukocytes to A23187 and other stimuli.

PMID- 377294
TI  - Cloning in Escherichia coli and physical structure of hepatitis B virion DNA.
AB  - A restriction map of hepatitis B virion DNA was established after cloning of the
      whole viral genome in Escherichia coli. By use of EcoRI, Xho I, Bgl II, Xba I,
      BamHI, HincII, and Hae III endonucleases, a total of 28 restriction sites were
      mapped. The single-stranded region was localized on the restriction map and 5'
      end of the short strand was mapped at a fixed position.

PMID- 377293
TI  - Glutathione-dependent hydrogen donor system for calf thymus ribonucleoside
      diphosphate reductase.
AB  - Purified calf thymus ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase (2'-deoxyribonucleoside
      diphosphate:oxidized-thioredoxin 2'-oxidoreductase, EC 1.17.4.1), showed an
      absolute requirement for a dithiol as hydrogen donor, whereas the natural
      monothiol glutathione (GSH) was inactive per se. However, a protein partially
      purified from thymus coupled the oxidation of GSH to the formation of
      deoxyribonucleotides by ribonucleotide reductase. In analogy with the
      ribonucleotide reductase system of Escherichia coli this protein was called
      glutaredoxin [Holmgren, A. (1976) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 2275-2279].
      Thymus glutaredoxin had the following properties: (i) its molecular weight
      determined by gel chromatography was about 12,000; (ii) it was active iwth
      ribonucleotide reductase in the presence of GSH, NADPH, and glutathione reductase
      but had no activity with NADPH and thioredoxin reductase; and (iii) it was
      immunologically different from thioredoxin because it did not bind to
      antithioredoxin immunoadsorbents. Experiments on the crossreactivity of thymus
      and E. coli ribonucleotide reductases and the corresponding thioredoxin and
      glutaredoxin systems showed essentially no specificity for the homologous
      thioredoxin but a high species specificity for the homologous glutaredoxin.

PMID- 377295
TI  - Interaction of the cheC and cheZ gene products is required for chemotactic
      behavior in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Previous work has shown that the cheC gene product of Escherichia coli plays a
      key role in regulating the direction of flagellar rotation during chemotactic
      responses. An attempt was made to identify other stimulus transduction elements
      that interact with the cheC component by examining cheC revertants for functional
      suppressors. Approximately two-thirds of the revertants studied appeared to be
      due to back mutation or to second-site mutations near or within the cheC
      structural gene. The remainder of the revertants carried suppressor mutations
      that mapped at the cheZ locus. Half of these suppressors impaired chemotaxis in a
      cheC+ background and were shown by complementation analysis to be defective in
      cheZ function. These suppressors corrected cheC defects in an allele-specific
      pattern, suggesting that the cheC and cheZ proteins are in direct contact and are
      mutually corrective due to protein-protein interaction. Observation of swimming
      patterns and flagellar rotation in cheC cheZ mutants demonstrated that the
      interaction of these two gene products influences both the spontaneous frequency
      of flagellar reversals and the ability of the rotational machinery to respond to
      chemotactic stimuli. A model of this interaction and its possible role in
      chemotaxis are discussed.

PMID- 377296
TI  - Septum formation, cell division, and sporulation in mutants of yeast deficient in
      proteinase B.
AB  - Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that carry lesions in the structural gene for
      proteinase B, prb1, have been isolated. Proteinase B was thought to be involved
      in activation of chitin synthase zymogen to allow septum formation during budding
      and to be involved in sporulation. The prb1 mutants are able to grow and divide
      and they form apparently normal septa that contain chitin. Most diploids
      homozygous for prb1 mutations are unable to complete sporulation.

PMID- 377297
TI  - Separation of immune interferon and MIF.

PMID- 377298
TI  - Ovarian growth and uptake of iodinated D-leu, des Gly NH2 -LHRH ethylamide in HCG
      treated rats.

PMID- 377299
TI  - Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and Mycoplasma agalactiae isolation from goats
      in the United States: a review including unpublished findings.

PMID- 377300
TI  - The blood platelet in transfusion therapy.

PMID- 377301
TI  - Alterations in platelet membrane structure and function during storage at ambient
      temperature.

PMID- 377302
TI  - Platelet storage by temperature cycling.
AB  - The following summarizes our observations on in vitro viability and function and
      ultrastructure of platelets stored at 4 degrees, 22 degrees, and by temperature
      cycling: 1) Continuous 4 degrees storage for 24 hours resulted in irreversible
      loss of discoid shape and eliminated platelet capability for microtubule
      reassembly. 2) Abnormal in vitro platelet function (aggregation) and significant
      decreases in viability (recovery from hypotonic shock) occurred concomitantly
      with losses in microtubule reassembly capabilities. 3) Platelets demonstrating a
      capability for microtubule reassembly during 4 degrees storage (temperature
      cycled) produced normal aggregation responses and gave enhanced viability scores.
      4) Platelets stored by temperature cycling for 96 hours produced viability scores
      equal to those produced after storage at 4 degrees for 24 hours or those kept at
      22 degrees for 72 hours.

PMID- 377304
TI  - Biochemical changes in frozen platelets.

PMID- 377305
TI  - Platelet antibodies in autoimmune thrombocytopenia and drug-dependent
      thrombocytopenia. Cell-mediated immunity. HLA phenotyes. Evans' syndrome.

PMID- 377303
TI  - Cryopreservation of platelets.

PMID- 377306
TI  - Diagnostic approach to immune thrombocytopenia.

PMID- 377308
TI  - Marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia and leukemia--review of results and
      blood product support required.

PMID- 377307
TI  - Platelet transfusion therapy for patients with leukemia.

PMID- 377309
TI  - Platelet behavior and aging in the circulation.
AB  - This review of the development of knowledge concerning the fate and function of
      circulating platelets and our recent experiments with a radioisotope label for
      platelet surface glycoproteins support the hypothesis that platelets are
      continualy involved in reversible contact interactions for the support of
      endothelial integrity. These encounters result in the loss of pieces of the
      platelet surface membrane and could contribute to the structural and functional
      changes of platelet senescence. The concepts of continuous involvement of
      platelets in hemostatic encounters and a fixed circulating lifespan are not
      mutually exclusive phenomena: platelet hemostatic encounters could preferentially
      involve younger platelets and be mostly reversible while the metabolic machinery
      which determines platelet survival deteriorates in a manner unrelated to these
      platelet-surface interactions. Obviously the nature of platelet behavior and
      aging in the circulation requires much more precise definition.

PMID- 377310
TI  - Platelet ultrastructure in relation to platelet function.

PMID- 377311
TI  - Platelet function in hemostasis. Chairman's comments.

PMID- 377312
TI  - Ionic mechanisms in heart muscle in relation to the genesis and the
      pharmacological control of cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 377313
TI  - Cholinergic systems in non-nervous tissues.

PMID- 377314
TI  - Filipino nurse for all seasons (Professor Sotejo).

PMID- 377315
TI  - Effect of photoreactivating light on lethal and pre-mutational UV lesions in
      Escherichia coli WP2S carrying the R46 mutator plasmid.

PMID- 377316
TI  - David Bruce Dill, President 1950--1951, American Physiological Society.

PMID- 377317
TI  - Case history of a physiologist: F. G. Hall.

PMID- 377318
TI  - [A superior sister (Irena Augystyniak)].

PMID- 377319
TI  - [Praszka Hospital].

PMID- 377320
TI  - The structure and organization of mitochondrial DNA from petite yeast.

PMID- 377321
TI  - Plasmids and transposons and their stability and mutability in bacteria isolated
      during an outbreak of hospital infection.

PMID- 377322
TI  - Characterization of a mini ColE1 cloning vector.

PMID- 377323
TI  - The kinetics of conjugative plasmid transmission: fit of a simple mass action
      model.

PMID- 377324
TI  - Acquisition by Escherichia coli of plasmid-borne beta-lactamases normally
      confined to Pseudomonas spp.

PMID- 377325
TI  - Reclassification of incompatibility group L (IncL) plasmids.

PMID- 377326
TI  - Experience with thirteen latissimus dorsi myocutaneous free flaps.

PMID- 377327
TI  - Granulomas of the penis from self-injections with oils.

PMID- 377328
TI  - Use of a semipermeable polyurethane membrane as a dressing for split-skin graft
      donor sites.

PMID- 377329
TI  - The free iliac flap: a lateral modification of the free groin flap.
AB  - A lateral modification of the free groin flap, called the free iliac flap, is
      presented. By moving the outline of the free groin flap laterally, so that the
      medial margin lies lateral to the underlying femoral triangle, a flap is obtained
      which is uniformly slender and which has a long vascular pedicle. The anatomical
      findings, a method for safe dissection of the superficial circumflex iliac
      vessels, and the results of 18 clinical cases are presented.

PMID- 377331
TI  - Healing of microvascular arterial anastomoses, as seen on corrosion casts by
      scanning electron microscopy.
AB  - We made 44 microsurgical anastomoses in the femoral artery in rats. The healing
      was studied from one day to 4 months, by making an acrylic cast of the lumen of
      the femoral artery and the surrounding vessels, and examining the cast by
      scanning electron microscopy. The method proved to be easy and relatively quick,
      and it limited the possibility of artifacts. The high depth of focus permitted
      simultaneous study of the main lumen and of the perivascular structures after
      microvascular anastomoses.

PMID- 377330
TI  - Patterns of vascular anastomoses vs. success of free groin flap transfers.
AB  - A series of 40 free groin flap transfers is reviewed and analyzed with regard to
      the factors influencing success or failure. Emphasis is placed on the patterns of
      venous anastomosis used, and the use of autogenous vein grafts in the arterial
      limb. The series was too small to establish that any one of the 4 types of venous
      hookups was superior to the others. However, we would suggest that the
      superficial venous conduit in the flap, if there is one, be connected to a vein
      in the recipient area and not to the deep venous system of the flap.

PMID- 377332
TI  - An analysis, from photographs, of the results of four approaches to elongating
      the columella after repair of bilateral cleft lip.
AB  - A system for subjective and objective clinical analysis of the lower third of the
      nose before and after lengthening the columella was devised, and used the study
      of photographs of 77 patients who had had lengthening done by one of 4
      approaches. It was found that each method was equally effective in lengthening
      the columella and in restoring a normal relationship between the structures in
      the tip of triangle (the basal view of the nose). However, there were certain
      peculiar advantages and disadvantages of each surgical technique, and these are
      discussed.

PMID- 377333
TI  - Punch hair grafting under split-skin grafts on scalps.
AB  - A method is presented for punch hair grafting under split-skin grafts and under
      very thin, scarred, bald skin. When used, the grafts have had a 100 percent
      survival, and almost 100 percent of the follicles survived as well.

PMID- 377334
TI  - Successful reattachment of an almost totally avulsed ear; use of the fluorescein
      test.
AB  - The advent of sophisticated techniques, including microvascular surgery and the
      "pocket principle," should not always preclude a simple suturing reattachment of
      an almost totally avulsed ear. Confirmation of adequate perfusion of the ear by
      the fluorescein test may be a strong factor in the decision.

PMID- 377335
TI  - Failure of healing of split-skin graft donor sites in anhidrotic ectodermal
      dysplasia.

PMID- 377336
TI  - The effects of gravity on delayed and transplanted delayed tubed flaps.
AB  - Altering the position (elevated or dependent) had no immediate effect on the
      blood supply of delayed or transplanted delayed tubed flaps. However, after 72
      hours the mean survival length in the dependent tubes was less than that in the
      elevated tubes. (This difference was only significant in the delayed
      untransplanted flaps, and not so in the delayed transplanted flaps). All of the
      dependent tubes had a significant increase in water content (compared to the
      elevated tubes). This increase was greater in the transplanted delayed tubed
      flaps. The tissue pCO2 levels were significantly increased after 24 hours in the
      dependent transplanted tubes, reflecting poor circulation and ischemia in them.
      The rate of clearance of subcutaneously injected technetium-99m was significantly
      increased in the dependent transplanted tubes after 72 hours, while in the
      elevated tubes the clearance rate was similar to that in normal skin. The
      morphological appearance of the vessels in these flaps complemented the results
      of the functional study.

PMID- 377337
TI  - Results of phalloplasty.
AB  - We present our experience with a method of phalloplasty which can be applied by
      reconstructive surgeons to cases of penile loss from diverse etiologies. The
      complications with this method have been frequent, but not life-threatening.
      Achievement of the stated objectives is obtained in a sufficiently high
      proportion of cases to make this a method whorthwhile to use until a clearly
      superior method can be demonstrated.

PMID- 377338
TI  - Combined report of problems and complications in 793 craniofacial operations.
AB  - We report the experiences in 6 major craniofacial centers, with similar teams but
      in different parts of the world, in a total of 793 craniofacial operations. The
      mortality rate was 1.6%. Complications developed in 16.5% of the cases (including
      infections in 4.4%). This surgery has many potential advantages, not least of
      which is its psychosocial effects on previously disfigured patients. Certain
      problems seem inherent, however, for there are not yet any satisfactory solutions
      to them. Some of the factors that reduce morbidity and improve results include
      the use of hypotensive anesthesia, a reduction in operating time, rigid
      stabilization of the mobilized bones at the end of the operation, a diminution in
      the number of incisions, and extensive antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 377339
TI  - Treatment of Peyronie's disease by dermal grafting.
AB  - We describe our experience with dermal grafting for the treatment of Peyronie's
      disease in 27 patients over a 3-year period. With the various nonsurgical
      treatments, a significant number of patients remain handicapped by the disease.
      For this unresponsive group, we recommend surgical excision of the penile plaque
      with dermal grafting. The proper selection of patients for this operation is of
      paramount importance, and this can be facilitated by a preoperative psychological
      evaluation in doubtful cases.

PMID- 377340
TI  - Alternatives to subcutaneous mastectomy.
AB  - It is our belief that subcutaneous mastectomy often leads to complications, with
      poor results. In addition, because a considerable amount of breast tissue may be
      left behind, its value as a prophylactic operation must be questioned. Two
      alternatives are presented. In our experience, these lead to fewer complications
      with a more thorough removal of the mammary gland, and achieve a better
      appearance. The alternatives are (1) simple mastectomy with secondary
      reconstruction; (2) the type of mastectomy described by Spira--with primary
      reconstruction using a subpectoral silicone prosthesis covered by muscle and an
      inferiorly-based dermal flap.

PMID- 377341
TI  - Metabolic adaptations in delayed skin flaps. Glucose utilization and hexokinase
      activity.
AB  - The distribution of glucose and hexokinase activity was determined in the
      epithelial tissue of delayed bipedicled skin flaps in guinea pigs. The periods of
      "delay" were 1, 3, 7, 14, or 21 days. The flap survival was maximal (100% of the
      flap) when the flap elevation was performed either 7 or 14 days following the
      "delay" procedure. When the flap elevation was performed 1, 3, or 21 days
      following the "delay" procedure, the result was partial necrosis. A differential
      distribution of epithelial glucose was found within the bipedicled flaps. The
      lowest glucose level (30% of normal) was at a distance of 2 to 3.5 cm from the
      end of the caudal pedicle during the first day after the "delay" procedure. This
      decreased glucose content recovered toward normal levels during the later part of
      the "delay" period. The bipedicled flaps exhibited increased hexokinase activity
      during the 3-week period of the "delay," and the responses of hexokinase activity
      and tissue glucose levels to the "delay" procedure were reciprocal in the caudal
      half of the flaps.

PMID- 377342
TI  - Logs vs. harpsichords, blobby flaps vs. finished results.

PMID- 377343
TI  - The transverse lumbosacral back flap.

PMID- 377344
TI  - The free iliac flap (a lateral modification of the free groin flap). Commentary.

PMID- 377345
TI  - Transfer of a free lateral thoracic flap in a child.
AB  - We believe the axillary (lateral thoracic) flap should be one of the free flaps
      of choice in children, because it has vessels of 1.5 mm or more in diameter--thus
      making it possible for the donor and recipient vessels to be approximately the
      same diameters. This makes the suturing easier and helps to ensure a good result.
      The patency rate increases as the diameter of the vessels to be anastomosed
      increases. We present a successful case in which this flap was used in an 8-year
      old boy.

PMID- 377346
TI  - Inlay technique for protection of skin and composite grafts in experimental
      animals.

PMID- 377347
TI  - [Herzberge - a chapter in the history of psychiatry in Berlin].
AB  - This paper gives an outline of the work done at the insane asylum at Herzberge,
      Berlin, from 1893, the year when the asylum was established, through to World War
      1. The then concept of therapy includes many basic principles that are now
      embraced in the term sociotherapy.

PMID- 377348
TI  - [Disorders of ion transportation across erythrocyte membrane in affective
      psychoses].

PMID- 377349
TI  - ["The magic family"--a projective drawing test (Kos-Biermann)].

PMID- 377350
TI  - Criminal behavior of discharged mental patients: a critical apprasial of the
      research.

PMID- 377351
TI  - On the nature of taste qualities.

PMID- 377352
TI  - Infant crying as an elicitor of parental behavior: an examination of two models.

PMID- 377354
TI  - The detection of deception.

PMID- 377353
TI  - Comment on Banks's "White preference in Blacks: a paradigm in search of a
      phenomenon".

PMID- 377355
TI  - Truth and deception: a reply to Lykken.

PMID- 377356
TI  - Comparative effectiveness of paraprofessional and professional helpers.

PMID- 377357
TI  - Associative and nonassociative theories of the UCS preexposure phenomenon:
      implications for Pavlovian conditioning.

PMID- 377359
TI  - [In memoriam Hanns Ruffin].

PMID- 377358
TI  - Sex differences in childhood psychopathology: a review.

PMID- 377361
TI  - [Concluding remarks on: "Meditation in psychotherapy"].

PMID- 377360
TI  - [Meditation--conceptual field, sifting of "findings", application in
      psychotherapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 377362
TI  - [Assistance to dying persons with katathymic imagery (author's transl)].

PMID- 377364
TI  - Spleen plays major role in removal from bloodstream of malaria-infected RBCs.

PMID- 377363
TI  - The epidemiologic tradition. The Wade Hampton Frost Lecture.

PMID- 377365
TI  - The full upper subperiosteal implant, for the totally edentulous maxilla.

PMID- 377366
TI  - Using hemisected teeth to support removable partial overdentures (II).

PMID- 377367
TI  - The response of diploid yeast to radiations at different LET. I. Potentially
      lethal and lethal damage to reproductive capacity.

PMID- 377368
TI  - Enhanced granulocyte growth on peritoneal cell-coated membranes following
      irradiation: a dual effect of humoral stimulation and repair of x ray-induced
      damage to the microenvironment.

PMID- 377369
TI  - Radiation-induced DNA damage in V79 spheroids and monolayers.

PMID- 377371
TI  - [Fundamentals of fixation of cytological preparations (author's transl)].
AB  - Short description of the technique of fixing material--obtained by percutaneous
      fine needle biopsy--for cytology. A well experienced cytopathologist is mandatory
      for interpretation of the specimen.

PMID- 377372
TI  - Resolution, sensitivity, and contrast in gamma-camera design: a critical review.
AB  - The performance of present-day gamma-cameras is examined from a historical
      perspective and the prospects for further improvements assessed. The author
      attempts to show quantitatively that spatial resolution of 25-cm field-of view
      cameras has reached a point where further advances can bring only diminishing
      returns clinically, unless improvements in sensitivity, or alternatively, in
      photon yield of the clinical procedure, are also realized. However, better image
      contrast due to developments in display technology and emission computed
      tomography may improve lesion detectability more directly than would an increase
      in resolution.

PMID- 377370
TI  - The effect of hyperthermia on the protein content of HeLa cell nuclei: a flow
      cytometric analysis.

PMID- 377373
TI  - In memoriam. Robert J. Ayella, M.D., M.Sc., F.A.C.R. 1925--1978.

PMID- 377375
TI  - In memoriam. James Edward Garman, M.D. 1931--1978.

PMID- 377374
TI  - In memoriam. Reuben B. Chesnick, M.D. 1910--1978.

PMID- 377376
TI  - In memoriam. Alfred G. Levin, M.D., F.A.C.R. 1905--1978.

PMID- 377377
TI  - In memoriam. Eugene J. McCaffrey, M.D. 1918--1976.

PMID- 377378
TI  - In memoriam. Eugene Alexander Rodko, M.D. 1925--1978.

PMID- 377380
TI  - [A recollection of a brilliant epidemiological success that occurred 25 years
      ago].

PMID- 377379
TI  - Long-term radiographic-pathologic follow-up of patients treated with visceral
      transcatheter occlusion using isobutyl 2-cyanoacrylate (Bucrylate).
AB  - Visceral transcatheter occlusive therapy was performed with isobutyl 2
      cyanoacrylate (Bucrylate) in 14 patients. Of 10 patients who subsequently died,
      postmortem examination in 6, performed 2--196 days post-embolization, showed only
      a mild histiocytic foreign body giant cell reaction to Bucrylate. The reaction
      was confined to the vessel lumina and did not involve the vessel walls or
      contiguous parenchymal tissues. Clinical and radiographic follow-up in the other
      4 patients (range = 30--180 days) showed no evidence of untoward reaction to
      Bucrylate. No ischemic or inflammatory complications were observed in any of the
      peripheral organs.

PMID- 377381
TI  - [Pigeons as a reservoir of Cryptococcus neoformans].

PMID- 377383
TI  - [Medical health services in Praga during the Warsaw insurrection].

PMID- 377382
TI  - [Mass murder of mentally ill at Warka].

PMID- 377384
TI  - [Ceremony at Mauthausen in honor of interned physicians. Dr. Wladyslaw
      Czaplinski].

PMID- 377385
TI  - [A photograph as a witness to medical problems during World War II].

PMID- 377386
TI  - [The underground army in the Kielce district].

PMID- 377387
TI  - [Professor Izydor Stella-Sawicki at Sachsenhausen].

PMID- 377388
TI  - [Episodes from the so-called Sonderaktion Krakau].

PMID- 377389
TI  - [In memory of Jan Olbracht].

PMID- 377391
TI  - [A history of the Janow camp: Ryszard Axer].

PMID- 377390
TI  - [Professor Robert Waitz. Reminiscences].

PMID- 377392
TI  - [Arrival in Mauthausen].

PMID- 377393
TI  - ["Nachtwachter"].

PMID- 377394
TI  - [The Dachau concentration camp and its hospital].

PMID- 377395
TI  - [The Brzezinka concentration camp and its hospital for women].

PMID- 377397
TI  - [Offspring of the former inmates of Nazi concentration camps].

PMID- 377396
TI  - [Episodes from the Ravensbruck camp].

PMID- 377398
TI  - [Dr. Stefan Manitius].

PMID- 377399
TI  - [Dr. Feliks Skalski].

PMID- 377400
TI  - [Dr. Stanislaw Andrzej Bonikowski].

PMID- 377401
TI  - [Jerzy Antoni Mysakowski].

PMID- 377402
TI  - [Dr. Wanda Baraniecka-Szaynokowa].

PMID- 377403
TI  - [Jadwiga Jedrzejowska].

PMID- 377404
TI  - [Col. Tadeusz Gasiorowski, M.D].

PMID- 377405
TI  - [Dr. Andrzej Rudolf Nikiel].

PMID- 377406
TI  - [Witold Slota].

PMID- 377407
TI  - [Major Jan Maria Suchomel, M.D].

PMID- 377408
TI  - [Dr. Stanislaw Mazurek].

PMID- 377410
TI  - [Medical problems relating to the World War II military occupation. Polish
      publications of 1978].

PMID- 377409
TI  - [Dr. Jozef Jablonski].

PMID- 377411
TI  - [Letters written to the periodical, "Auschwitz", published by the "Medical
      Review"].

PMID- 377413
TI  - [War crimes. Introduction].

PMID- 377412
TI  - [Offspring of former inmates of Nazi concentration camps. Study of various
      families].

PMID- 377414
TI  - [Music and songs as an instrument of self defense in Nazi concentration camps].

PMID- 377415
TI  - [Compulsory sterilization in the Breslau district in 1934-1944].

PMID- 377416
TI  - [Sanitary conditions prevailing among compulsory laborers in "Festung Breslau"].

PMID- 377417
TI  - [Dr. Ignacy Chrzanowski in the health services of the "Malopolska" Army and in
      the underground].

PMID- 377418
TI  - [Polish medical and pharmaceutical studies in Hungary during World War II].

PMID- 377419
TI  - [Antoni Kepinski's internment in Hungary (1939-1940)].

PMID- 377420
TI  - [Antoni Kepinski at the Polish Medical School in Edinburgh (1945-1946)].

PMID- 377421
TI  - [Functional liver tests in rabbits with experimental salmonellosis induced by
      Salmonella typhi murium (author's transl)].

PMID- 377422
TI  - [Course: Human body proteins--clinical and diagnostic aspects. HL-A system in
      man].

PMID- 377423
TI  - In memoriam. Phyllis J. Verhonick: practitioner, researcher, teacher, and
      scholar.

PMID- 377424
TI  - [Substances stimulating recovery for radiation injury (author's transl)].

PMID- 377425
TI  - [Property of domestic thermoluminescent dosimeter (author's transl)].

PMID- 377426
TI  - [Value of the skin window test in detection of cellular reaction in patients with
      uveitis].

PMID- 377427
TI  - [Glucose in ophthalmology].

PMID- 377428
TI  - [Blepharoplasty using a cutaneo-tarso-conjunctival free autograft].

PMID- 377429
TI  - [Cardiac pathology in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 377430
TI  - Post-surgical radiotherapy: rationale and methods.

PMID- 377431
TI  - Design of adjuvant chemotherapy based on target cell determinants of drug action:
      possibilities and limitations.

PMID- 377432
TI  - Post-surgical systematic active immunotherapy: rational and experimental basis.

PMID- 377433
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the modified Makari skin test in minimal residual
      malignant disease.
AB  - The results of a double-blind controlled study of the modified Makari skin test
      in urological malignancy are described. The study suggests that the test will be
      useful in the monitoring of primary treatment and in the detection of recurrent
      malignancy and thus indicates a role for the Makari skin test in minimal residual
      malignant disease.

PMID- 377435
TI  - [In memoriam: Jacques Forestier].

PMID- 377434
TI  - [Changes in the locomotor system in renal disease].

PMID- 377436
TI  - [Juliusz Zabokrzycki (1900-1978)].

PMID- 377438
TI  - Dental terminology--letter E.

PMID- 377437
TI  - [Adam Czekierda].

PMID- 377439
TI  - [Retention of complete lower prosthesis by pin implant].

PMID- 377441
TI  - [Defective sutures and their separation].

PMID- 377440
TI  - [Mandibular reconstruction with bone graft].

PMID- 377442
TI  - [Bonding of brackets in orthodontics].

PMID- 377443
TI  - [Different methods of superposition].

PMID- 377444
TI  - [Clinical study and statistics of the different sealing cements used in multiband
      technique].

PMID- 377445
TI  - [Notions on divergence of morphology].

PMID- 377446
TI  - Rhode Island Dental Association. Membership directory.

PMID- 377447
TI  - Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with a single daily dose of benoxaprofen.
AB  - A single daily dose of 600 mg of henoxaprofen has been shown to be more effective
      than a previously reported dosage regime in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
      Increased total daily dosage was not associated with a greater incidence of side
      effects. The drug worked slowly reaching a plateau after eight days of treatment.
      It was usually well tolerated especially by the gastro-intestinal tract.

PMID- 377448
TI  - A double-blind cross-over evaluation of ketoprofen (Orudis) and ibuprofen in the
      management of rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - In a multi-centre double-blind cross-over trial using the double-placebo
      technique, 55 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were treated for 10 days for
      each trial drug with ketoprofen (200 mg/day) and ibuprofen (1200 mg/day). Both
      drugs induced a clinically and statistically significant improvement of all the
      symptoms studied, except for pain at night during ibuprofen administration.
      Ketoprofen displayed a therapeutic efficacy significantly superior to ibuprofen
      in five of the eight symptoms studied. Side-effects were recorded in 10 patients
      receiving ketoprofen (one patient withdrew because of heartburn) and in nine
      patients receiving ibuprofen.

PMID- 377450
TI  - [Frequency and diffusion of dental caries in 2268 military conscripts of
      different regions of Italy].

PMID- 377449
TI  - Clinical comparative evaluation of choline magnesium trisalicylate and
      acetylsalicylic acid in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A multicentre double-blind comparison of choline magnesium trisalicylate (CMT)
      and acetylsalicylic acid (ACSA) compared the two medications for seven weeks in
      rheumatoid arthritis patients. Investigators measured the number of painful and
      swollen joints and the duration of morning stiffness, and assessed the overall
      condition of each patient. Both medications were highly effective in
      significantly reducing the severity of symptoms flaring after interruption of
      prior therapy. CMT achieved a greater reduction in the number of swollen joints
      than did ACSA  (P less than 0.05). The incidence of adverse side-effects per
      patient was significantly less with CMT (P less than 0.05) (ACSA 32.1%; CMT,
      16.3%. A larger percentage of ACSA patients (50.8%) reported adverse side-effects
      than did CMT patients 28.4%) (P less than 0.02).

PMID- 377451
TI  - [Incidence of dental caries in various groups of military recruits of different
      regions of Italy].

PMID- 377453
TI  - [Effect of trazodone on massive rhythmic spontaneous myoclonus].

PMID- 377452
TI  - [Lithium salts in the treatment of cluster headache].
AB  - After analysing personal results and the data in the literature concerning the
      therapeutic effects of Lithium salts in cluster headache, the Authors discuss
      some of the pathogenetic problems related to this particular form of idiopathic
      headache. The results obtained seem very favourable however the therapeutic
      efficiency of Lithium salts, also observed in neuralgic-vasomotor syndromes
      (Charlin, Sluder) and in some forms of chronic headache, seems to indicate a
      relatively unspecific mechanism of action. The Authors suggest therefore an
      intervention in the stabilization of the membrane at the CNS level, with
      increasing efficiency of "antinociceptive" system.

PMID- 377454
TI  - [Mutagenic activity of propoxur, carbaryl and their nitroso derivatives:
      induction of reversion in Salmonella typhimurium].

PMID- 377455
TI  - Selective examination of the large branches of the arch of the aorta with the
      help of a new triiodinated angiographic contrast material (iodamide 420).
AB  - The selective angiography of the large branches of the arch of the aorta was
      performed on 25 patients using Iodamide 420 as contrast medium. In 24 cases the
      quality of the recordings was excallent, in one case it was qualified assessable.
      The contrast medium caused no complication. According to the experience gathered
      so far, the method and the contrast material can be safely applied to the mapping
      of congenital anomalies, post-traumatic injuries, and the degenerative processes,
      as well as to the detection of the relationship between large vessels and
      tumours.

PMID- 377456
TI  - Early excision of deep thermal burns.

PMID- 377457
TI  - Lessons learnt from 2,409 burn patients operated by early excision.
AB  - During the last 12 years early excision of burns followed by immediate grafting
      has been the standard procedure at the Burns Unit in Ljubljana. The results,
      although greatly superior to the classical approach, show that the early removal
      of burned tissue before the 5th postburn day does not solve the problem in all
      cases. No problems were observed in deep dermal and subdermal burns not exceeding
      40% of the body surface in the average healthy young individual. These cases can
      be helped and fully rehabilitated in 6 weeks with less disfigurement and
      functional disability. In burns exceeding 40% of the body surface or in smaller
      burns affecting patients in unfavorable age and health groups, the above method
      is not so easy to apply because of problems involving a number of factors: the
      timing and the selection of the area to be excised, the availability of grafts,
      blood loss, and coagulation problems, the indications for the use of tourniquet,
      the problem of excision of infected areas, etc. It is important to work out a
      strategy for each individual case. The authors show that the improvement of
      diagnosis and understanding of the deep dermal burn will lead to better results.

PMID- 377458
TI  - Acute excision or exposure treatment? Results of a randomized controlled clinical
      trial.
AB  - An evaluation of a total of 2,460 patients treated with exposure during the
      period 1962-1971, marked that the exposure method showed satisfactory results,
      but also that there are clear upper limits for the possibilities of this method.
      The approach of treatment was reconsidered and consequently very severely burned
      patients were excised acutely in the years 1972-1975. It was proved plausible,
      permissable and practically possible. On May 1, 1976, a randomized, controlled
      clinical trial commenced: Patients admitted for fresh burns were divided into
      groups: one group was unsuited for trail (U), (e.g. small children, electric
      burns etc.); of the remaining patients every even was treated with acute excision
      (A), (i.e. operation within 24 hours post burn), every odd patient according to
      the classical exposure method (E), employed by our unit: exposure followed by
      excision and transplantation of all unhealed burned areas no later than day 14
      post burn. The results concerning mortality in the first 2-year material are
      presented. In the first year, which began a few months after moving from a 115
      year old hospital into a quite new university hospital, the mortality is found to
      be twice as high as that found the second year. The reasons are the difficulties
      caused as a result of moving to new larger buildings, needing an increase of
      staff with two thirds, all of which are inexperienced in the care of burned
      patients. The mortality is exactly the same in the group treated with acute
      excision (A) as the group treated with exposure (E). The trial must continue and
      results of studies concerning morbidity will be published later.

PMID- 377459
TI  - Early necrectomy in deep burns of aesthetically and functionally important areas.
AB  - Deep burns of aesthetically and functionally important body areas in children may
      in their later growth and development have a decisive role. Of the total number
      (2743) of hospitalized children at the Burns Department of the Pediatric Surgery
      in Zagreb in the last ten years, deep burns of some aesthetically and
      functionally important body areas were separated and the results of the
      application of the early necrectomy and immediate grafting method, as recommended
      by Janzekovic, are analysed. It is concluded that the results, due to the strict
      and minute application of the method (considered are individual technically
      important details and solutions) are good in aesthetic and even more so in the
      functional sense. Very fast recovery of the functions as well as the fact that up
      till now no surgical corrections for functional disorders were necessary in
      analyzed areas, along with already known advantages of the early surgical
      treatment, undoubtfully speak for its application.

PMID- 377460
TI  - Severity and prognosis after early excisions from one to twenty percent of the
      body surface area.
AB  - The authors review 101 small and medium early excisions with immediate grafting.
      They study several parameters concerning the severity of the burn, the time and
      the duration of the surgical procedure, the blood losses, the effect on the
      protidemia during the shock period, the duration of the hospital care, the
      septicemic risk, the mortality, and the functional and cosmetic results. They
      come to the conclusion that, under 15% of the body surface area, early excision
      can be done at one single operation with hardly any risk, and that it is better
      to perform it as soon as possible (before 12 hours if possible). With a good
      splinting and a daily rehabilitation, the cosmetic and functional results are
      very satisfactory.

PMID- 377461
TI  - Rebuilding the burned face.
AB  - Many of the methods and techniques used throughout the whole field of
      reconstructive plastic surgery owe their origins to problems first encountered in
      the severely burned patient. Gillies first used the tubed pedicle flap in
      reconstructing the face of a naval seaman burned in World War I. Axial pattern
      flaps such as the deltopectoral are widely used in the treatment of head and neck
      cancer and the one-stage free flap obviously has an exciting future. In many
      burned patients such flaps cannot be utilised owing to the non-availability of
      suitable vessels in either donor or recipient areas. Random pattern flaps such as
      the tube pedicle must therefore continue to play an important role in treating
      these cases. The plastic surgeon who undertakes the repair of the burned face
      must have wide experience of all methods of tissue replacement, whether by free
      graft or flap transfer. In resurfacing the nose the author has used Wolfe grafts
      when the cartilages are not involved or a tubed flap from the arm if this is not
      so. A long tubed pedicle flap from the back is preferred for resurfacing the chin
      and upper neck providing contour as well as excellent skin cover. Some extremely
      deep burns such as occur in epileptics or alcoholics may need bone-grafting, and
      the help of a good prosthetics department will be needed when the orbit has been
      destroyed.

PMID- 377462
TI  - Prospective randomized treatments for burned hands: nonoperative vs. operative.
      Preliminary report.
AB  - It has been suggested that deep partial-thickness burns of the hand which remain
      unhealed by 14 days should be excised and totally resurfaced. Controlled data
      supporting this suggestion is not available. Therefore, a prospective randomized
      study was performed on 222 burns of the hand to evaluate if excision and skin
      grafting had any advantage over conservative management. Full-thickness burns
      were eliminated from the series by excision and grafting them as soon as possible
      after the diagnosis had been made. To eliminate the very superficial burns,
      randomization did not take place until the wound had remained unhealed for ten
      days and would not heal for at least another week. In the two groups, the first
      ten days were managed similarly with topical antibacterials, escharotomies when
      necessary, and splinting in the "safe" position. Conservatively managed hands
      were treated with scarlet red gauze dressing as soon as all eschar had been
      removed. Those cases randomized into the excision and grafting group were
      operated upon approximately day 14. Physical therapy was the same in both groups
      except for the immediate period after grafting. Results were recorded by active
      and passive joint measurements and photographs on predetermined days throughout
      the study. In this study, spontaneous healing, taking as much as five weeks, gave
      acceptable results, comparable to excision and grafting performed at two weeks.
      The use of range of motion exercises, accurate splinting and pressure allowed
      optimal healing and prevented stiffness and contractures in both groups. There
      was no significant difference between the two treatment modalities.

PMID- 377463
TI  - Late results following treatment of deep burns of the hands.
AB  - During a 10-year period, 467 patients with burns involving the hands have been
      treated, 290 of whom during the past 5 years. Two groups of patients were
      examined: the first were those who had received treatment between 1967 and 1971
      using the exposure method and the reconstruction with skin grafts only after the
      spontaneous separation of the eschars, and the second, using the closed method
      and early or late excision of the necrotic tissue followed by covering with split
      thickness grafts. In this second group are included also those patients whose
      burns can be classified as medium depth at the time of admission but in whom
      experience has shown that one is dealing with lesions with a tendency to become
      deeper during the post-burn period. For these cases a dermabrasion of the lesions
      was performed without covering with free grafts. In the cases subjected to
      surgery using the technique of tangential excision and dermabrasion in order to
      reach the more difficult areas such as the interdigital spaces, dermabrasion was
      only performed between the 2nd and the 28th day. The removal of the burned tissue
      was followed by covering with free grafts, except in those cases in which the
      depth was in doubt. The results obtained have demonstrated that in the first
      group the scars have led to serious invalidating consequences which have
      necessitated long and complex surgical reconstruction programmes. In the second
      group almost complete function has been restored with the aid of only minimal
      surgical correction, most often in the interdigital spaces. We would like to
      emphasize the usefulness of surgery in those cases on the borderline between
      medium and full thickness. The tendency of these lesions to become deeper has
      often led to scars which are very similar to those following the deep lesions.

PMID- 377464
TI  - Temporary skin substitutes and evaporative water loss.
AB  - The authors worked out a simple method, which enables an orientative evaluation
      of different skin substitutes as to their effectiveness in preventing gross
      evaporative water loss from decorticated dermis. The method is based on the loss
      of weight of decorticated dermis samples (covered by different materials)
      incubated in a thermostat for 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours at 37 degrees C. Following skin
      substitutes were tested: Lyofoam; Epigard; collagen foil; freeze dried amniotic
      membrane; freeze dried porcine xenografts; deep frozen porcine xenografts; and
      fresh porcine xenografts. Controls lost during 4 hours incubation at 37 degrees C
      61.34% of the original weight (similarly as samples covered by synthetic skin
      substitutes or amniotic membrane). Samples covered by freeze dried xenografts
      lost only 33.07%, samples covered by deep frozen xenografts 13.20% and by fresh
      xenografts, 6.06%.

PMID- 377465
TI  - Long-term therapy of second and third degree burns in children using Jobst
      compression suits.
AB  - Thirteen children, aged between 2 1/2 and 14 years, with full-thickness burns are
      presented. These children were treated with compression suits according to the
      method developed by the Jobst Institute in Toledo, Ohio. The material
      manufactured in Switzerland is described and the advantages and disadvantages of
      this material are discussed. Group I comprised 8 children who were fitted out
      with the suit directly after the burns had healed. These were all scalds covering
      11 to 30% of the body surface and necessitating Thiersch grafts. Group 2
      comprised 5 children who were only fitted with this suit 3 months to 2 years
      after the original accident. By that time they had all developed massive,
      hypertrophied scars, limiting flexion and extension of the joints. In the first
      group the skin colour rapidly returned to normal, the development of hypertrophic
      scars was not marked and these scars had a definite tendency to regress. Nine of
      ten affected joints either became normal or showed a considerable improvement in
      function. In the second group, 19 of 25 affected joints had become normal one
      year after the suits had been fitted and four showed definite improvement. Here
      the scars regressed, although admittedly slower than in the first group. The
      children appeared to wear the suits without discomfort or trouble.

PMID- 377466
TI  - The influence of burn trauma on the hypothalamus-pituitary axis in normal female
      subjects.
AB  - In 5 severely burned women (greater than 25% TBS, II degrees and III degrees
      burns) the following hormones were investigated by RIA. (1) LH-releasing hormone
      test in the initial phase of burn shock with 100 gamma 3 LH-RH. (2). Follow-up
      controls of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),
      prolactin (HPRL), oestradiol (E2), progesterone (P) and testosterone (T) in the
      catabolic and healing phase of burn disease. All women were before onset of burn
      trauma regularly ovulating. The following preliminary results can be presented:
      If the burn trauma occurs in the preovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle, there
      was no ovulation during the time of observation. As a sign of the normal function
      of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland all subjects responded with an
      increase of plasma LH to the stimulation with LH-releasing hormone. The burn
      trauma interferes with the female endocrine equilibrium by involving hypothalamic
      centres. Negative feedback mechanisms by the secretion of adrenal hormones and
      temporary hyperprolactinemic states as a further result are discussed.

PMID- 377467
TI  - Warm dry air treatment of 345 patients with burns exceeding 20 per cent of the
      body surface.
AB  - Two groups of patients with burns covering more than 20% of the body surface
      treated in a warm dry environment in two Burn Units in Sweden have been compared.
      The methods of treatment of the 345 patients were almost identical, using plasma
      and crystalloid solutions during the period of early intense therapy, use of
      frequent bathing and early debridement of the necrotic burned tissue and
      application of homo- or heterograft skin prior to the transplantation of
      autograft skin. The percentage mortalities in the two groups of patients (15.7%
      and 20.2%) were not significantly different, neither were the causes of the burn
      or the cause of death. Combination of the results and probit analysis did however
      show that treatment in a warm dry environment was associated with a lower rate of
      mortality in patients with very extensive burns than found in other studies not
      using these environmental conditions in Sweden prior to 1968 (by the same
      authors) in the United Kingdom and in the United States of America.

PMID- 377468
TI  - The prevention of wound infections in burn patients.
AB  - To investigate the necessity of "protective isolation" and/or gastrointestinal
      tract decontamination in the prevention of infections in burn patients treated
      under ward conditions, a bacteriological inventory of burn sites, oropharynx and
      faeces was made 3 times a week. The origin of bacteria isolated from the lesions
      was determined by typing. In addition, the effect of local protection by topical
      application of silver-sulphadiazine or nitrofuralum was investigated. Of
      potentially pathogenic bacteria known to cause infections in burn, St. aureus was
      found to be almost exclusively exogenous in origin. Str. pyogenes, on the other
      hand, appeared either to be strongly inhibited by topical treatment or else to
      have colonized the wounds only from endogenous sources. Endogenous (gi-tract)
      Enterobacteriaceae biotype-positive samples were restricted to burn sites near
      the mouth and the anus. Enterobacteriaceae biotypes of exogenous origin appeared
      to colonize wounds of about one third of the patients. It is concluded that
      topical protection is insufficient in the prevention of bacterial colonization of
      the lesions. Therefore, protective isolation (St. aureus, etc.) and selective
      gastrointestinal decontamination are to be considered for infection prevention.

PMID- 377469
TI  - Humoral antibodies against skin allografts.
AB  - Using the collodion agglutination method the authors studied antibody formation
      against skin allografts in severely burned patients. They succeeded in detecting
      antibodies which start appearing on the third day following transplantation at
      the earliest. Later their titers increase reaching the maximum a few days before
      first signs of graft rejection. High titers persist for relatively long periods
      after graft rejection. Antibodies were not detected if the grafts were taken from
      an identical twin. In this case the grafts were not rejected. These results could
      be used for the determination of the optimal time for debridement of adhering
      allografts before the onset of rejection.

PMID- 377470
TI  - Parenteral administration of ketoprofen in osteoarthritis: a double-blind trial
      versus the N-methyl-d-glucamine salt of indomethacin.
AB  - In a double-blind trial 40 patients with ostheoarthritis were treated for relief
      of pain with ketoprofen or with the N-methyl-d-glucamine salt of indomethacin,
      both drugs being administered i.m. at the dosage of 100 mg/day for 12 days.
      Ketroprofen and the indomethacin salt significantly improved pain, functional
      capacity and walking distance, while only the former reduced the knee size in the
      patients with gonarthritis. The two drugs showed roughly the same latency period
      and the same duration of activity. Ketoprofen was perfectly tolerated: on the
      contrary, in one patient treated with the indomethacin salt, the treatment was
      stopped because of vascular hypotension and cutaneous rash. A significant
      increase of blood urea nitrogen was observed only in the group of patients
      treated with the indomethacin salt.

PMID- 377471
TI  - Clinical comparison of fenbufen and aspirin in osteoarthritis.
AB  - The objective of the study was to compare efficacy and safety of Fenbufen and
      Aspirin in osteoarthritis. The study was a double-blind, randomized trial with
      crossover. The test subjects were treated for 4 weeks with 600 mg Fenbufen and
      for 4 weeks with 3.6 g Aspirin per day. 35 patients with osteoarthritis of the
      knee and 18 patients with osteoarthritis of the hip participated in the study.
      The physical measurements of osteoarthritis activity showed significant
      improvement with both Fenbufen and Aspirin. The drugs were comparable with
      respect to: 1) improvement of physical m-easurements, 2) investigator's
      assessments, and 3) patients' assessments. A smaller number of patients reported
      drug-related side effects with Fenbufen than with Aspirin. 57% of the patients
      reported side effects during treatment with Aspirin and 40% during treatment with
      Fenbufen. There were no abnormalities discovered in haematologic or biochemical
      tests performed during the course of the trial.

PMID- 377472
TI  - The use of penicillamine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and
      scleroderma.
AB  - The use of penicillamine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and scheroderma
      is reviewed. Much of the worlds literature was collected including both open
      studies and control studies. Both types with over 1,300 patients in the open
      trials and as one would expect, a smaller group in the control trials, showed
      about 64 percent of the patients having good results. Side effects range from one
      quarter to one third of the treated patients. This seems to show penicillamine as
      an effective drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis though with a
      multiplicity of side effects. Its use in the treatment of scleroderma is still
      uncertain. Because of the rarity of the disease the number of patients treated
      has been small and the data is conflicting.

PMID- 377473
TI  - Use of osmic acid in the topical treatment of exudative synovitis of the knee
      joint.

PMID- 377474
TI  - Deposits of immunoglobulins and complement in skin of patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis. Influence of anti-rheumatic treatment.
AB  - Immunopathological studies on skin biopsies from 88 patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis showed that one-third of them had deposits of IgM and/or C3 in the
      walls of small vessels immediately underneath the dermal-epidermal junction. The
      deposits in the vessel walls which may reflect subclinical immune complex
      vasculitis could be correlated to the occurrence of IgG-rheumatoid factor in the
      serum, but not to IgM-rheumatoid factor, other extra-articular manifestations, or
      to the occurrence of circulating immune complexes demonstrated by the complement
      consumption test or the thrombocyte aggregation test. Two untreated patients had
      granular deposits in the dermal-epidermal junction. Five out of 50 patients
      developed deposits in the dermal-epidermal junction during treatment with
      levamisole, penicillamine, or azathioprine, as observed by serial skin biopsies.

PMID- 377475
TI  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of IgM rheumatoid factor.
AB  - A semi-automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for determination of
      IgM rheumatoid factor was established. Human gammaglobulin (Cohn fraction II) was
      used as an antigen on a solid phase of polystyrene microtitre trays. The results
      were read on a spectrophotometer. ELISA and the sheep cell agglutination test
      were compared in a study of sera from 400 blood donors, 53 patients with active
      rheumatoid arthritis and of 200 sera received for routine determination of
      rheumatoid factor. The results of the two tests correlated well. The ELISA
      procedure was precise, objective, inexpensive and well suited for quantitative
      routine determination of IgM rheumatoid factor.

PMID- 377476
TI  - A double-blind study of erbium169 synoviorthesis in rheumatoid digital joints.
      Results after one year.
AB  - A double-blind study was made on the effectivenss of erbium169 synoviorthesis in
      the digital joints of 7 patients with erosive, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis.
      The study involved 70 joints observed over a 12-month period: 20 pairs of
      metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) and 15 pairs of proximal interphalangeal joints
      (PIP) were injected with erbium169 in one joint and saline in the other one. All
      joints had radiological lesions corresponding to State I and II of the
      Steinbroker classification. Six months after synoviorthesis, good and excellent
      results were observed in 71% of the articulations treated with erbium169 and in
      only 40% of those injected with saline (placebo) (p less than 0.01). Good and
      excellent results were noted in 79% of the joints treated with the isotope after
      one year, compared with only 50% injected with the placebo (p less than 0.05).
      The beneficial effect of erbium169 synoviorthesis on the pain and inflammatory
      phenomena of rheumatoid digital joints is therefore proven. Occasionally the
      isotope causes a slight decrease in the range of movement of the treated joint.

PMID- 377477
TI  - Predominance of cells with T-markers in the lymphocytic infiltrates of synovial
      tissue in psoriatic arthritis.
AB  - Synovial tissue from 8 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PSA) were investigated
      by direct immunofluorescence technique with FITC-conjugated anti-F(ab')2
      antiserum, and with a specific rabbit anti-human T-lymphocyte antiserum by
      indirect immunofluorescence method with FITC-conjugated goat-anti-rabbit Ig
      antiserum as the second layer. The majority of the lymphocytes in the tissue
      displayed membrane fluorescence with the anti-T antiserum. Staining with the
      conjugated anti-F(ab')2 antiserum revealed both intra- and extracellular
      immunoglobulins. These results indicate that the majority of the lymphocytes in
      the synovial tissue of PSA are T-lymphocytes, and that a minor number of the
      cells belong to the B-cell line.

PMID- 377478
TI  - The effect of penicillamine on blood pressure and vascular disease in mice with
      infarct-kidney hypertension.
AB  - Treatment with penicillamine was capable of bringing down the elevated systemic
      arterial pressure in the thymus-dependent phase of infarct-kidney hypertension in
      mice; a marked improvement in the clinical condition of the treated animals was
      observed as compared with untreated hypertensive mice. No pathological changes in
      either kidney or heart could be attributed to toxic side effects of penicillamine
      either in normotensive or in hypertensive mice treated for several months with
      penicillamine. It is concluded that penicillamine may have an effect on thymus
      dependent reactions, such as the increased blood pressure in the chronic phase of
      infarct-kidney hypertension in mice. In mice, the treatment can be extended over
      a considerable part of the animal's life span without apparently giving rise to
      toxic side effects on vital organs.

PMID- 377479
TI  - [Hard and soft data in medicine; their processing by the physician and by the
      computer].

PMID- 377480
TI  - [Renal artery stenosis following kidney transplantation -- an avoidable
      complication?].
AB  - Many etiologies have been proposed for renal artery stenosis following renal
      transplantation. Incorrect operative technique is the most frequent cause, but
      the condition is often due to vascular parietal lesions resulting from traction
      on the vessels during removal of kidneys, which causes dislocation of arterial
      parietal structures. Such traction is inevitable if kidneys are removed
      separately due to difficulties arising during deep mobilization of the kidneys.
      Furthermore, this technique involves direct flushing into the renal artery, and
      this may cause damage to the intima due to the canula. Canula and traction are
      the major causes of stenosis. The authors present their own cases and propose
      that kidneys be removed "en bloc". This is the only way to prevent traction on
      vessels, and it permits flushing through the aorta for cooling.

PMID- 377481
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. Roger Benoit, Lausanne (1901-1978)].

PMID- 377482
TI  - [Nocardiosis in blue-winged royal parakeets. (Alisterus amboinensis
      hypophonius)].

PMID- 377483
TI  - [Trials with rut induction and synchronization in cattle].

PMID- 377484
TI  - An extrinsic membrane polypeptide associated with high-molecular-weight protein
      aggregates in human cataract.
AB  - A 43,000-dalton polypeptide has been isolated from the high-molecular-weight
      disulfide-rich fraction of the water-insoluble protein of human cataractous
      lenses. On the basis of immunochemical reactivity and fluorescent antibody
      binding, this polypeptide is localized in the membrane region of the lens cell.
      This observation suggests an interaction between the soluble lens proteins and
      membrane-associated polypeptides in the formation of large protein aggregates
      which may cause cataract.

PMID- 377485
TI  - Paul MacLean and the triune brain.

PMID- 377486
TI  - DNA organization of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum.
AB  - The organism Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, an archaebacterium, is
      envolutionarily very distant from both traditional prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
      Its genome (DNA) has physical characteristics typical of most prokaryotes except
      that it is quite small (about 10(9) daltons, less than half the size of the
      genome of Escherichia coli) and contains a significant amount (6 percent) DNA
      which renatures extremely rapidly.

PMID- 377487
TI  - Human macrophage migration inhibition factor: evidence for subunit structure.
AB  - Macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) derived from human lymphoid cell
      lines was found to lose biologic activity on dialysis. Although activity was not
      recovered in the dialyzate, mixing experiments demonstrated that the components
      in the retentate and dialyzate could reassociate to restore activity. The
      fragment of larger molecular weight (less than 10,000) could inhibit the activity
      of intact MIF, whereas the smaller molecular weight fragment (5,000 to 10,000)
      could not. These findings suggest that human MIF is composed of at least two
      noncovalently linked subunits. In analogy to the situation for certain bacterial
      toxins, one of these may represent an attachment piece for a target cell membrane
      receptor.

PMID- 377488
TI  - Cadmium: in vivo measurement in smokers and nonsmokers.
AB  - Absolute amounts of cadmium (in milligrams) in the left kidney and concentrations
      of cadmium (micrograms per gram) in the liver were measured in vivo in 20 healthy
      adult male volunteers. Organ cadmium levels of smokers were significantly
      elevated above those of nonsmokers. No relationship was evident between body
      stores of cadmium (liver and kidney) and cadmium or beta 2-microglobulin in urine
      or blood. The average total body burden of cadmium in man at age 50 is estimated
      to be 19.3 milligrams for nonsmokers and 35.5 milligrams for smokers (38.7 pack
      year smoking history). Biological half-time for the whole body was, on average,
      15.7 years (10- to 33-year range). Dietary absorption was 2.7 micrograms per day.
      Cigarette smoking resulted in the absorption of 1.9 micrograms per pack.

PMID- 377489
TI  - Promotion and limitation of genetic exchange.

PMID- 377490
TI  - Permeability of the cell-to-cell membrane channels in mammalian cell juncton.
AB  - The channels in the junctions of various mammalian cell types--primary cultures
      and lines--were probed with a series of linear fluorescent amino acid and peptide
      molecules of different size and charge. Permeability is limited by probe size and
      electronegativity, these two factors apparently being related reciprocally. In
      respect to both factors, mammalian junctional channels are more restrictive than
      insect channels; hence the mammalian channels are narrower, more polar, or both.
      The channels of the various mammalian cell types differed slightly from each
      other; in some types the serum of the culture medium affected the channel
      permeability.

PMID- 377491
TI  - Induction of luteolysis in the human with a long-acting analog of luteinizing
      hormone-releasing factor.
AB  - Subcutaneous injection of 50 micrograms of a long-acting analog of luteinizing
      hormone-releasing factor on each of two successive days during mid-luteal phase
      in normally cycling women induced a short luteal phase and premature
      menstruation. These events were associated with luteolysis, as evidenced by the
      consistent and parallel premature decline of progesterone and estradiol levels
      compared with those in control cycles. This finding may prove to be useful in the
      prevention or interception of implantation.

PMID- 377492
TI  - Nucleotide sequence specificity of restriction endonucleases.

PMID- 377494
TI  - A relationship between DNA helix stability and recognition sites for RNA
      polymerase.
AB  - The RNA polymerase binding sites on the DNA of (i) the aroE-trkA-spc segment of
      the Escherichia coli genome, (ii) transposon Tn3, (iii) plasmid ColE1, and (iv)
      coliphage lambda were mapped by electron microscopy, with the use of the BAC
      technique; these maps were compared with the maps of the early-melting regions
      for the same genomes. The results indicate that in all these cases the binding
      sites for the E. coli RNA polymerase lie preferentially in the early melting
      regions of DNA. These data indicate that helix stability may be an important
      feature of the multipartite nature of the promoter structure.

PMID- 377493
TI  - Heparin neutralization of PGI2: effects upon platelets.
AB  - Heparin neutralizes the inhibitory effect of prostacyclin (PGI2) on platelet
      aggregation. The PGI2-induced enhancement of platelet cyclic adenosine
      monophosphate levels is also inhibited. The mechanism appears to involve a direct
      interaction in which heparin neutralizes the inhibitory effects of PGI2 on
      platelet aggregation but, at the same time, does not lose its own anticoagulant
      activity. These findings may explain instances in which heparin infusions have
      been reported to produce hyperaggregation of platelets, thrombotic episodes, and
      thrombocytopenia in patients.

PMID- 377495
TI  - Toxaphene, a complex mixture of polychloroterpenes and a major insecticide, is
      mutagenic.
AB  - Toxaphene, the most widely used chlorinated insecticide, is mutagenic in the
      Salmonella test without requiring liver homogenate for activity. This insecticide
      is a complex mixture (more than 177 polychloroterpenes) with carcinogenic
      activity in rodents. Some but not all of the mutagenic components are easily
      separated from the insecticidal ingredients.

PMID- 377497
TI  - The pathogenesis of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

PMID- 377496
TI  - Human growth hormone: complementary DNA cloning and expression in bacteria.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of a DNA complementary to human growth hormone messenger
      RNA was cloned; it contains 29 nucleotides in its 5' untranslated region, the 651
      nucleotides coding for the prehormone, and the entire 3' untranslated region (108
      nucleotides). The data reported predict the previously unknown sequence of the
      signal peptide of human growth hormone and, by comparison with the previously
      determined sequences of rat growth hormone and human chorionic somatomammotropin,
      strengthens the hypothesis that these genes evolved by gene duplication from a
      common ancestral sequence. The human growth hormone gene sequences have been
      linked in phase to a fragment of the trp D gene of Escherichia coli in a plasmid
      vehicle, and a fusion protein is synthesized at high level (approximately 3
      percent of bacterial protein) under the control of the regulatory region of the
      trp operon. This fusion protein (70 percent of whose amino acids are coded for by
      the human growth hormone gene) reacts specifically with antibodies to human
      growth hormone and is stable in E. coli.

PMID- 377499
TI  - Theoretical considerations in the treatment of seminoma.

PMID- 377498
TI  - Recent therapeutic advances in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.
AB  - Whole plasma infusion, in our experience, has been highly effective in the
      management of patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. The
      effectiveness of plasma infusion in the treatment of this severe disorder implies
      the deficiency of a factor in the patient's plasma. Furthermore, we have observed
      that when platelets are suspended in plasma obtained during active, untreated
      thrombotic purpura, aggregation occurs. This effect is neutralized by
      preincubation of the thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura plasma with normal
      plasma. Thus, there is both a correlation with the clinical pathogenic mechanism,
      disseminated platelet aggregation, and with the therapeutic response to plasma
      infusion. Based upon our experience and the concept that thrombotic
      thrombocytopenic purpura is a plasma factor deficiency state, we recommend
      initial infusion of a full plasma volume equivalent over the first 24 hours. This
      should be done under an intensive care setting. After this initial plasma
      infusion, we advise the infusion of 3 units of plasma daily until a full
      remission is obtained. When the clinical situation has stabilized, we stop the
      daily plasma infusions and cautiously observe for recurrence of the
      manifestations of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. If there is a recurrence,
      plasma is again infused in substantial quantity during the first 24 hours and
      then 3 units daily until a full remission is again evident. Whether the plasma
      requirement might be attenuated or the course of the disease shortened by the
      concomitant use of antiplatelet agents, corticosteroids or other means remains to
      be determined.

PMID- 377501
TI  - Quantitative estimation of islet tissue in echidnas.

PMID- 377500
TI  - Effects of low flow rates on the inspired oxygen concentration in circle absorber
      circuit.

PMID- 377502
TI  - Drowning and near-drowning: current concepts and neutrophil function studies.
AB  - A near-drowning by a young man in an indoor pool is reported, and the current
      concepts of therapy are discussed. Laboratory studies of the patient's neutrophil
      function and chemotactic response were performed on the day of admission and on
      hospital days 2 and 4. Neutrophil function and chemotaxis were equal to control
      values, indicating no effect of near-drowning on these aspects of the host immune
      system. Hospital admission and supportive therapy including intubation, positive
      end-expiratory pressure, steroids, and antibiotics are recommended, if necessary,
      in management of the nearly drowned patient.

PMID- 377503
TI  - Legal implications of patient records.
AB  - Significant changes have been made by the courts and legislatures on the rights
      of patients to review or acquire their own medical records. There are great
      dangers in writing any personal, unscientific comments into the record which
      could embarrass the physician in court. Attempts to prevent the patient from
      gaining access to his record is fraught with grave consequences.

PMID- 377504
TI  - Eponym: Leo Buerger: instrument, disease, and ego.

PMID- 377505
TI  - Elimination half-life of nordiazepam.

PMID- 377506
TI  - Metabolic alkalosis complicating weaning from mechanical ventilation.
AB  - Metabolic alkalosis was identified and confirmed as a precipitator of acute
      hypercapnea. As a result, weaning from mechanical ventilator therapy was delayed.
      Correction of alkalosis followed by reduction of PCO2 confirmed the compensatory
      mechanism during alkalosis, and weaning from intermittent mandatory ventilation
      then proceeded at an appropriate rate.

PMID- 377507
TI  - Double-blind comparison of hydrochlorothiazide plus triameterene therapy versus
      chlorthalidone therapy in hypertension.

PMID- 377508
TI  - Pain clinics: their value to the general practitioner.
AB  - Physicians in general practice frequently encounter patients with chronic pain;
      such patients pose a difficult management problem. A new approach to treatment is
      offered by the Pain Center at the University of Tennessee Center for the Health
      Sciences. The Pain Center, with a staff drawn from a number of medical and allied
      health specialties, offers a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of
      patients with chronic pain. We describe the facilities and the therapeutic
      programs available at the UTCHS Pain Center, and the methods and goals of
      treatment.

PMID- 377509
TI  - Paecilomyces cellulitis in a renal transplant patient: successful treatment with
      intravenous miconazole.
AB  - We report an immunosuppressed host with an unusual fungal infection which
      resolved during intravenous therapy with a new antifungal agent. This agent,
      miconazole, appears to have minimal side effects and a broad antifungal spectrum,
      and it deserves consideration for treatment of susceptible organisms.

PMID- 377510
TI  - [Furazolidone, an active agent that sensitizes to alcohol].

PMID- 377511
TI  - [Valentin Ivanovich Pokrovskii (on his 50th birthday)].

PMID- 377512
TI  - [V. I. Lenin's ideas and modern problems of the theory of sensual cognition (on
      the 70th anniversary of the publication of V. I. Lenin's book, "Materialism and
      Empiriocriticism")].

PMID- 377513
TI  - [Modern methods of the diagnosis of serum hepatitis type B].

PMID- 377514
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of jaundice of varying genesis using medical mathematical
      methods].

PMID- 377515
TI  - [Parenteral use of a therapeutic vaccine in acute dysentery].

PMID- 377516
TI  - [Use of rimantadine for the treatment and prevention of influenza in the
      polyclinic].

PMID- 377518
TI  - [Treatment of cicatricial contractures of large articulations following burns].

PMID- 377517
TI  - [Imported tropical malaria in pregnant women].

PMID- 377519
TI  - [Reconstruction of the palm using one-stage dermato-osteoplasty].

PMID- 377520
TI  - Helping SBH pupils with handwriting.

PMID- 377521
TI  - A double-blind trial of loperamide in the treatment of chronic diarrhoea.
AB  - A new antidiarrhoeal compound, loperamide (Imodium; (Janssen) Ethnor) has been
      evaluated in the treatment of patients with chronic nonspecific diarrhoea. In a
      double-blind trial its effect was compared with that of a placebo. The results of
      this trial indicate that loperamide is an effective antidiarrhoeal compound.

PMID- 377522
TI  - Professor Bernard Pimstone.

PMID- 377523
TI  - A comparison of the antibacterial activity of sulphonamide-trimethoprim
      combinations.
AB  - Sensitivity patterns of 326 clinical isolates toward sulphonamide/trimethoprim
      combinations were tested in vitro. The relative merits of the different
      combinations are discussed in their pharmacological and bacteriological contexts.
      It is concluded that organisms sensitive to cotrimoxazole as judged by in vitro
      sensitivity tests performed at 37 degrees C are also sensitive to
      sulphamoxole/trimethoprim.

PMID- 377524
TI  - The distribution in mice of intravenously administered labelled Candida albicans.
AB  - The time dependence of the distribution of intravenously injected radiolabelled
      Candida albicans in the body of mice was studied. The Candida cells were labelled
      by cultivating them 7 days at 28 degrees C in a medium containing one of the
      following radionuclides: 46Sc, 95Nb, 59Fe, 144ce, 89Sr, 60Co, 65Zn, 54Mn, 45Ca,
      51Cr and 91Y, which are listed in decreasing order in respect to amount bound.
      The labelled cells were killed by heating them 120 min at 60 degrees C, without
      loss of immunologic properties. Owing to the amount and strength of binding,
      144Ce labelled Candida, together with 14C labelled cells was used in animal
      kinetic study. A rapid disappearance of the labelled cells from blood,
      interrupted by a small peak, was paralleled by a transient uptake in lungs and
      followed by a long lasting accumulation in the liver. The kidneys and spleen
      revealed only small uptakes of the labelled material.

PMID- 377525
TI  - The effect of nystatin on the morphology of Candida albicans.
AB  - The effect of nystatin on Candida albicans was observed by light and scanning
      electron microscopy; it caused abnormal growth. Some cells had deep depressions
      in the cell walls; budding and germ tube formation were reduced.

PMID- 377526
TI  - The demonstration of spirochetes in syphilitic lesions by F. Schaudin and E.
      Hoffman.

PMID- 377527
TI  - Wood fiber contamination of reusable cotton laparotomy pads.
AB  - If the thesis that disposable fabrics are responsible for granulomatous
      peritonitis is correct, surgeons who operate within the abdominal cavity and use
      these products would be reporting instances of granulomatous peritonitis in
      epidemic proportions. Such is not so. Consequently, there can be valid concern
      expressed as to implied medicolegal problems. While the observations and
      conclusions were made in obvious good faith, nevertheless, there appears to be
      sufficient grounds for questioning this apparent cause and effect conclusion and
      for focusing interest on a more important consideration, the indiscriminate
      collection, sorting and laundering of the reusable cotton laparotomy pad.
      Certainly, attention should be directed to the more rigidly controlled use and
      disposition of these pads by the individual hospital.

PMID- 377528
TI  - The Kraske operation for carcinoma of the rectum.
AB  - Kraske's methodology was classic: develop the operation in the laboratory, try it
      initially on patients as a last resort and, if it works, expand its use to
      patients with less severe disease. His operation immediately gained acceptance
      and was popular for the next quarter of a century. It was subsequently modified
      by Hochenagg, Billroth and Rydygier. These men merely altered the amount or
      manner of sacral removal. The operation was largely abandoned after Miles (3)
      showed that the lymphatic spread from carcinoma of the rectum is toward the
      liver. Kraske's procedure, however, stands as a landmark in preantibiotic
      operations on the colon. Combined with abdominal exploration, this type of
      procedure can be used to preserve the anus in certain instances of carcinoma of
      the rectum today.

PMID- 377529
TI  - Principles and practice of antibiotic therapy for post-traumatic abdominal
      injuries.
AB  - Improved surgical techniques, the use of modern antibiotics and better
      understanding of the microbiologic characteristics of abdominal sepsis have lead
      to a satisfying clinical outcome in instances of abdominal trauma which once
      meant almost certain death. Yet many questions remain unanswered. Future
      development of several newer antibiotics may further improve the rate of
      complications. A study of host defense mechanisms may provide additional clues to
      prevent long term morbidity. Hopefully, future studies will encourage the use of
      a single antibiotic in the treatment of abdominal trauma. While the newer
      antibiotics are being investigated, certain older antibiotics, such as
      penicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline, merit additional evaluation under
      controlled, prospective, randomized, comparative clinical trials.

PMID- 377531
TI  - Considerations in the choice of surgical needles.
AB  - Bodily tissues of varying consistency, thickness, penetrability, location and
      weave are encountered by the surgeon. Correspondingly, he should choose surgical
      needles that will introduce sutures through these tissues in the most precise and
      rapid manner, ideally creating a wound just large enough to draw the suture
      material into and through the tissue. Manipulation of the needle is aided by
      selecting one appropriate to the specific wound site and by the choice of a
      needle holder that is most ideally suited to the particular needle. Although the
      primary reason for appropriate choice of needle and needle holder is better
      patient care, an extremely important secondary reason is greater comfort and
      satisfaction for the surgeon in using ideal instruments.

PMID- 377530
TI  - Development of a suprahepatic recipient vena cava cuff for liver transplantation.

PMID- 377533
TI  - Neurosurgeon of the year. Gerard Guiot.

PMID- 377532
TI  - Electrical injuries.

PMID- 377534
TI  - The effects of transient candidemia on the brain: preliminary observations on a
      rodent model for experimental deep candidosis.
AB  - Deep candidosis was established in healthy uncompromised Wistar rats by injecting
      Candida albicans into the right internal carotid artery. Death of these animals
      could be produced within seven days by injecting 10(7) yeasts. The kidneys were
      most severely infected, and the entire brain was involved. No animal demonstrated
      leptomeningitis. Within one to two days microabscesses developed, subsiding into
      a histiocytic response in five to seven days. By seven days, chronic inflammation
      with noncaseating granulomas was seen. Throughout the study, cerebrospinal fluid
      and blood cultures failed to demonstrate the fungus. This rodent model is similar
      to human cerebral candidosis.

PMID- 377535
TI  - Eben Alexander, Jr.

PMID- 377536
TI  - Renovascular hypertension in childhood: successful treatment by renal
      autotransplantation.
AB  - Five cases of renal autotransplantation for renovascular hypertension in children
      are described. Hypertension in these cases was managed temporarily with
      medications until the patients grew to a size that made an operative procedure
      feasible. Following operation the blood pressure returned to normal in three
      patients without any antihypertensive medication during the period of follow-up
      (8 months to 6 years). In the other two patients, small doses of antihypertensive
      medications still were needed, despite correction of the stenosis. The results of
      this series demonstrate that autotransplantation is a safe and effective
      procedure in childhood renovascular hypertension in contrast to other forms of
      vascular reconstruction, which carry a high rate of failure in this age group.

PMID- 377537
TI  - Coagulopathy following peritoneovenous shunting.

PMID- 377538
TI  - Operative implications of preduodenal portal vein.

PMID- 377539
TI  - Parenteral antibiotics in elective colon surgery? A prospective, controlled
      clinical study.
AB  - The addition of perioperative gentamicin and clindamycin to an oral antibiotic
      bowel preparation was studied in a prospective, randomized, double-blind series
      of patients undergoing elective colectomy. Fifty-nine patients completed the
      study, with all receiving mechanical preparation of the colon and oral neomycin
      and erythromycin base. Thirty-one of these patients also received a preoperative
      and postoperative intravenous dose of gentamicin and clindamycin, while 28
      received placebos. The two groups of patients were similar in age, both habitus,
      pathologic diagnosis, concomitant disease, operative procedures, operative time,
      blood loss, and adequacy of mechanical preparation of the colon. The incidence of
      infectious complications related to colectomy was 1% (three of 28) in the placebo
      group and 7% (two of 31) in the group receiving intravenous gentamicin and
      clindamycin. There were no wound infections directly related to colectomy in
      either group. There was no statistically significant reduction of infectious
      complications with the addition of intravenous gentamicin and clindamycin to oral
      neomycin and erythromycin-base bowel preparation.

PMID- 377540
TI  - Enhancement of rat renal allografts with monoclonal antibody.
AB  - Treatment of rat allograft recipients before grafting with donor spleen cells and
      whole, pooled antidonor alloimmune serum results in indefinite renal allograft
      survival. The enhancement is immunologically specific. In these experiments a
      monoclonal, homogenous anti-BN antibody was produced by a hybridoma clone created
      by fusing the mouse-P3 myeloma with spleen cells from Lewis rats immunized with
      BN lymphoid cells. The hybridoma supernatent enhanced survival of LBN renal
      allografts in Lewis recipients as effectively as whole Lewis anti-BN antiserum.
      Dilution of the hybridoma supernatent by tenfold or a hundredfold abrogated the
      enhancement effect.

PMID- 377542
TI  - Distant heart procurement for transplantation.
AB  - Between January 1, 1977, and September 15, 1978, 39 cardiac transplants were
      performed on 38 patients. Twenty donor hearts were removed at Stanford University
      Hospital, and 19 donor hearts were removed at distant hospitals. The
      characteristics of recipients and donors in both groups were similar. The only
      significant difference between donor hearts was the mean ischemia time (154 +/-
      30 minutes in distant hearts and 52 +/- 12 minutes in local hearts, P less than
      0.001). As of February 1, 1979, the total mortality rate was 32% for the distant
      heart donors and 40% for the local heart donors. No difference between the two
      groups was present in immediate myocardial function, the need for postoperative
      inotropic support, the mortality rate within the first 90 days after operation,
      the mean maximum serum enzyme levels, the occurrence of rejection or infection,
      and the histological appearance of the hearts, both early and late. The results
      of cardiac transplantation when hearts are removed at distant hospitals are
      entirely comparable to the results with hearts removed on site with a minimum
      ishchemic time. Distant heart procurement provides an expanded donor pool for
      potential cardiac recipients.

PMID- 377541
TI  - Mechanisms of the adjuvant effect of hemoglobin in experimental peritonitis. V.
      The significance of the coordinated iron component.
AB  - Adjuvant effects of hemoglobin, methemoglobin, hematin, and ferric
      nitrilotriacetate (FENTA) on the lethality of E. coli peritonitis in rats were
      compared. The functional importance of coordinated iron was affirmed by the
      findings that: (1) hematin simulated the hemoglobin effect when administered on
      an iron-equivalent basis and (2) hematoporphyrin was inactive at the same levels
      as hematin. The effects of hemoglobin and methemoglobin were virtually identical,
      suggesting that the oxidation state of the metallic center is immaterial, and
      analyses of peritoneal contents during lethal peritonitis promoted by either
      adjuvant revealed insignificant interconversions of these compounds. Saturation
      of systemic iron-binding capacity could not be detected during lethal E. coli-
      hemoglobin peritonitis and deliberate saturation of systemic transferrin by
      infusions of intravenous FENTA did not enhance the adjuvant effect of hemoglobin.
      The adjuvant effect of intraperitoneally administered FENTA was effectively
      nullified by simultaneous intraperitoneal deferoxamine injection, but the same
      maneuver had no effect on hemoglobin potency. Thus the adjuvant effect of
      hemoglobin in experimental peritonitis is functionally dependent on the iron
      component but cannot be explained by a non-heme iron flux. These characteristics
      suggest that adverse interactions of coordinated iron species with host defense
      chemistry will be fruitful subjects for future study.

PMID- 377543
TI  - Delayed hypersensitivity in surgical patients: a mechanism for anergy.

PMID- 377544
TI  - A comparison of immunologic profiles and their influence on bacteremia in
      surgical patients with a high risk of infection.
AB  - Prospective sequential studies of the antibacterial function of neutrophils,
      lymphocyte responsiveness, opsonic capacity of serum and serum levels of C3(B),
      properdin, factor B, IgG, and albumin were made in 32 patients with severe burn
      injury (greater than or equal to 45%), 21 patients with severe multisystem
      traumatic injury, 20 high-risk, infected patients, and 22 renal transplant
      patients. Fifty-five episodes of bacteremia occurred in 37 of the 95 patients.
      Abnormal neutrophil function was clearly associated as a predisposing factor to
      these episodes, whereas there was no association between bacteremia and low serum
      levels of C3, IgG, factor B, or properdin. C3, factor B, and IgG usually rose
      following bacteremia as acute phase proteins, but there was evidence of a
      consumptive opsoninopathy in 11% of episodes. Defective opsonization was
      associated with a high risk of bacteremia only when there was a coexisting
      abnormality of neutrophil function (88% of such patients became bacteremic). None
      of 27 nonburned patients tested with delayed hypersensitivity antigens responded
      normally, and there was regularly depression of lymphocyte responsiveness to
      phytohemagglutinin-A and concanavalin-A in a whole blood assay related to serum
      immunosuppressive factors, but poor responsiveness was not associated with
      bacteremia.

PMID- 377545
TI  - Reactions of human dental pulp to silver amalgam restorations. A study with
      emphasis on some material characteristics.

PMID- 377546
TI  - [In memoriam Christiane Reimann].

PMID- 377547
TI  - Glossary of Swedish dental terms. Translation of Swedish expressions to British
      and American English.

PMID- 377548
TI  - [Nikolai Semenovich Molchanov (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 377549
TI  - [Memorable and anniversary dates in the history of internal medicine in 1979].

PMID- 377550
TI  - [Computer analysis of the echocardiograms of patients with different types of
      abnormal function of the left ventricles].

PMID- 377551
TI  - [Study of central cardiohemodynamics by means of indicator dilution technic in
      association with polycardiography].

PMID- 377552
TI  - Smoking during pregnancy.

PMID- 377553
TI  - Chemotherapy for advanced soft-tissue sarcomas: results of phase I and II
      cooperative studies.

PMID- 377554
TI  - [Structure and function of clotting factor VIII: the results of fundamental
      research].

PMID- 377555
TI  - [Hepatitis in haemophilia (author's transl)].

PMID- 377556
TI  - [Inhibitors (antibodies) directed against factor VIII in hemophilia A (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 377557
TI  - [The position of a vasopressin derivative ("DDAVP") in the treatment of
      haemophilia A (author's transl)].

PMID- 377558
TI  - [Von Willebrand's disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 377559
TI  - [In memoriam Dr. Jeanette Donker-Voet].

PMID- 377561
TI  - Transposition of the great arteries. Successful Senning's operation in 35
      consecutive patients.
AB  - Mustard's operation for TGA (transposition of the great arteries) has been
      obstructive complications. In order to try to avoid these complications, we used
      Senning's operation for TGA. Our experience in 35 consecutive cases is reported.
      There were no operative or late deaths. Four patients had a PDA; three had a
      significant VSD with subpulmonary stenosis in two. Previous atrial septectomy and
      persistent LSVC did not represent contraindications to this procedure. The
      postoperative course has been smooth and uneventful in all patients. Follow-up
      periods of one to twenty months demonstrated sinus rhythm in all patients and
      there were no significant gradients between the venae cavae and the new systemic
      atrium in 12 reinvestigated patients. On the basis of these results, Senning's
      operation is recommended as a valid alternative to Mustard's operation.

PMID- 377560
TI  - Atrio-ventricular canal malformations. Recent surgical techniques.
AB  - Twenty patients with atrio-ventricular canal malformations (5 complete and 15
      partial forms) were operated upon during the last two years, using new surgical
      techniques. The repair of the complete form based on a three-leaflet three
      commissure mitral valve concept, was accomplished by: a) Two separate
      partitioning patches (one ventricular, one atrial), b) mitral and tricuspid valve
      attachment in between, c) no cleft sutures, d) correction of subvalvular
      apparatus abnormalities, e) commissuroplasty. The repair of the partial form was
      obtained by: a) Valvular and subvalvular repair of the lesions when present, b)
      patch closure of the ostium primum defect suturing on the tricuspid side. All
      patients survived operation and exhibited normal sinus rhythm. Residual mitral
      incompetence proved to be less frequent as compared to previous techniques.

PMID- 377562
TI  - Surgical treatment of tracheal stenosis.
AB  - During the last 3 1/2 years 8 patients underwent segmental resection of the
      trachea and one patient underwent resection of the carina at the Department of
      Surgery, University Hospital, Koln. Follow-up investigation in 6 month intervals
      showed good results in 6 patients. The complicated course of 1 of our patients
      with tumor infiltration of the trachea is discussed. In this case a large
      esophagotracheal fistula was covered with a vascularized esophageal segment.
      Suggestions for surgical indications in segmental resection of benign esophageal
      stenosis are outlined.

PMID- 377563
TI  - [Philatelic ode to nursing].

PMID- 377564
TI  - Hospital information systems: an overview.

PMID- 377565
TI  - Effect of in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol on the immune response in mice.

PMID- 377566
TI  - Carcinogenic risk assessment: ethylene dibromide.

PMID- 377567
TI  - [Restoration of the lumen of the formed cervical portion of the esophagus in its
      postoperative cicatricial closure].

PMID- 377568
TI  - [Osteosynthesis in mandibular fractures with pins made of biocompatible
      polymers].

PMID- 377569
TI  - [Physician, artist, revolutionary (on the 70th anniversary of the death of M. M.
      Chemodanov)].

PMID- 377570
TI  - [At the sources of Soviet surgical stomatology (V. A. Karavaev)].

PMID- 377571
TI  - [Evaluation of tooth eruption in light of the problem of acceleration].

PMID- 377572
TI  - [Vladimir Fedorovich Rud'ko (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 377573
TI  - Uptake and metabolism of female sex steroids by isolated small neurons and other
      cell fractions from the rat medial basal hypothalamus.
AB  - Rat medial basal hypothalami (MBH) and sections of cerebral cortex (CC) were
      dissociated with trypsin to prepare single cells and subcellular fractions. They
      were then separated into four fractions on a discontinuous sucrose gradient. The
      small neurons in Fraction D were highly purified. Fraction A had synaptosomes,
      myelin and other cell particulates. Fraction B had glial cells, neurons and a few
      synaptosomes. Fraction C had large neurons and red blood cells. All four
      fractions contained LHRH, but most (62.5%) of this hormone was present in
      Fraction A. Dissociated cell suspensions were incubated with [3H]-steroids, with
      and without a 100-fold excess of unlabeled steroids, then separated on sucrose
      gradients. In most fractions the total uptake and specific uptake of [3H]
      progesterone, [3H]-5 alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione (5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone) and
      [3H]-17 beta-estradiol were greater for the dissociated cells from the MBH than
      the CC. The dissociated cells and cell particulates in all four fractions from
      the MBH and CC metabolized progesterone, 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone and 17 beta
      estradiol. These results indicate that hypothalamic neurons contain small amounts
      of LHRH and retain the ability to take up and metabolize progesterone, 5 alpha
      dihydroprogesterone and 17 beta-estradiol.

PMID- 377574
TI  - [Development of amalgam as filling material].

PMID- 377575
TI  - [Late recurrence of ameloblastoma].
AB  - Two cases of late recurrence (31 and 33 years after radical surgery) of an
      ameloblastoma induced us to explain our operative approach on the basis of
      experience with 37 patients operated on for ameloblastoma at our clinic. With
      special consideration of the biology, clinic and histopathology of this tumour,
      we have tried to establish operative guidelines with regard to radical surgery.
      We arrived at the conclusion that ameloblastomas regarded as malignant should be
      treated by radical surgery; and those considered to be benign, by conservative
      surgery, individual decisions being imperative. Our clinical observations and
      analyses are compared with the results of other authors.

PMID- 377576
TI  - [Focal diseases, the search for foci and stomatology].

PMID- 377577
TI  - [Use of the intra-alveolar GR (gelatin-resorcinol) dressing after tooth
      extraction in patients with hemorrhagic diathesis].
AB  - The suitability of an intra-alveolar gelatin-resorcinol dressing for controlling
      bleeding was tested in 118 tooth extractions on a total of 87 patients. Plain
      advantages of the dressing are: prompt haemostasis (which in most cases avoids
      hospitalization and substitution therapy), low cost, and easy application. The
      dressing is not always reliable in controlling bleeding after milk tooth
      extraction.

PMID- 377579
TI  - [Clinical trial of a new dentifrice formulation from VEB Elbe-Chemie].

PMID- 377578
TI  - [Microwave therapy in outpatient oral surgery].
AB  - The biological action of microwave therapy is due to the conversion of high
      frequency electromagnetic waves to heat that is produced directly in the tissue
      at the radiation area. It is a deep heating procedure of limited range with low
      level exposure to the subcutaneous fatty tissue; it may be used in subacute and
      chronic infectious inflammatory conditions, after surgical interventions, in
      affections of the salivary glands and of the maxillary sinuses, and also in
      temporo-mandibular joint disorders and facial neuralgias. As a rule, irradiation
      by microwaves is only a supporting treatment. Its advantages are above all: easy
      application; great economy; versatility; uniform, locally limited distribution of
      heat with low-level exposure to the fatty tissue; virtual safety.

PMID- 377580
TI  - [Antibacterial effect of Ankerplast Spray].
AB  - The diffusion test yielded no satisfactory results. In the tube test, both the
      spray and the solvent (in a dilution of 1:4 and 1:8, respectively) proved to be
      bacteriostatically active against enterococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Escheria
      coli, Proteus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These germs were killed within 30
      minutes in the test for bactericidal activity, whereas the reference substance
      (1% phenol) required 1--2 hours, except against the last-named germ. Even the
      copolymer exerted a bactericidal effect, it is true, but only within 8 or 24
      hours. The following results were obtained from the spray test with agar plate
      cultures: Streptococcus viridans species, streptococci, Diplococcus pneumoniae,
      Escheria coli, and Proteus were killed, whereas others survived under the plastic
      film for up to 9 days. Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa had grown through
      the film within 7 days. In vivo experiments demonstrated a very potent
      antibacterial activity on the skin under the spray film.

PMID- 377582
TI  - Computer simulation of density-gradient centrifugation.

PMID- 377581
TI  - Structures, properties, and possible biologic functions of polyadenylic acid.

PMID- 377583
TI  - Crown-gall and Agrobacterium tumefaciens: survey of a plant-cell-transformation
      system of interest to medicine and agriculture.

PMID- 377584
TI  - The role of lipids in the structure and function of membranes.

PMID- 377585
TI  - Dehydrogenases of the plasma membrane.

PMID- 377586
TI  - Transport processes in membranes: a consideration of membrane potential across
      thick and thin membranes.

PMID- 377587
TI  - Stress and health: a survey of self-regulation modalities.

PMID- 377588
TI  - The yin and yang of clinical practice.

PMID- 377590
TI  - Differential immunogenic expression of an H-2-linked histocompatibility antigen
      on different tissues. Differences in survival between heart, thyroid, and skin
      allografts.

PMID- 377589
TI  - Development of donor-specific B lymphocyte antibodies after renal
      transplantation. No correlation with graft outcome.
AB  - Serum samples from 66 recipients of first cadaver donor renal transplants were
      screened for cytotoxic antibodies to normal T and B lymphocytes and B lymphocytes
      from chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients. In addition, the sera of 44 patients
      were tested with the B lymphocytes of their respective donors. Donor-specific
      antibodies were found in 10 of 16 (63%) recipients who had lost their transplant
      within 2 months, and in 17 of 28 (61%) patients with functioning transplants at 2
      months. No correlation was found between the development of B lymphocyte
      antibodies (either against the panel or the donor) and the onset of an acute
      rejection episode. In the 17 patients with a successful transplant and donor
      specific antibodies, six (35%) had not experienced a rejection episode and
      another seven patients developed their antibodies after the appearance of the
      first rejection episode. Thus, our results show that the appearance of donor
      specific B lymphocyte antibodies after transplantation is not indicative of graft
      failure or predictive of acute rejection episodes. However, the common occurrence
      of such antibodies raises questions concerning the nature of the antigenic
      stimulus, the specificity of the antibodies, and their role (if any) in
      transplantation.

PMID- 377591
TI  - A quantitative comparison of whole antibody and F(ab')2 in kidney allograft
      enhancement.
AB  - Whole antiserum, IgG, and a greater than 99% pure F(ab')2 preparation were
      compared for their ability to enhance Lewis renal allografts in DA recipients.
      Despite having unimpaired antigen-binding capacity, the DA anti-Lewis F(ab')2 was
      virtually ineffective at the highest dose tested, and was calculated to be a
      minimum of 100 times less effective than whole antibody. The administration of a
      10-fold excess of F(ab')2 before an effective dose of IgG did not block the
      enhancing effect of the latter.

PMID- 377592
TI  - Differential antibody responses to Ag-B (A region) and Ia (B region) antigens
      during enhancement of rat renal allografts.

PMID- 377593
TI  - Beneficial effect of blood transfusion. Role of the time interval between the
      last transfusion and transplantation.
AB  - We analyzed the effect of blood transfusion (BT) on kidney allograft survival in
      163 recipients. Transfused recipients (121) had better graft outcome than those
      never transfused (42), the difference being statistically significant at 3, 6,
      12, and 24 months; however, the transfused group had a longer period of
      hemodialysis (P = 0.01). HLA antigen distribution does not bias the data. The
      group who had received the last BT within 3 months before grafting had a
      significantly better graft outcome than the nontransfused group (P less than 0.05
      at 3, 6, and 24 months). They also did better (but not significantly) than the
      group who had been transfused more than 6 months before grafting. The group
      receiving two to five BTs had the highest rate of graft survival (P less than
      0.05, 0.001, and 0.05 at 6, 12, and 24 months) as compared to the nontransfused.
      Practical suggestions for systematic BTs during hemodialysis are made.

PMID- 377594
TI  - Technique of organ removal and fate of kidney grafts from liver donors.
AB  - The fate of 42 kidney grafts taken from heart-beating, ventilated donors at the
      same time as removal of the liver for allografting is reported, and is compared
      with 50 kidney grafts taken from heart-beating, ventilated donors whose
      ventilators were electively switched off either during or immediately before
      kidney removal. The fate of 32 kidney grafts taken from donors classified as
      "dead on arrival" at the admitting hospital is also reported. Onset of life
      supporting graft function was significantly earlier among kidneys from the "liver
      donor" group. Consequently, immediate postoperative dialysis requirements were
      significantly less in recipients of this group of kidneys. Early graft survival,
      the incidence of graft primary nonfunction, failure of first and second kidney
      grafts, and recipient survival were not significantly different when comparing
      liver donor and "ventilator switch off" kidneys. No constant relationship was
      apparent in any donor group between graft fate and the anoxic and ischaemic times
      the graft was exposed to during organ removal and reimplantation.

PMID- 377595
TI  - Orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat. Technique using cuff for portal vein
      anastomosis and biliary drainage.
AB  - In orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat, cuff techniques have been
      developed for anastomoses of the portal vein and bile duct. These techniques have
      shortened the clamping time of the portal vein and have resulted in fewer biliary
      complications improving survival of the liver graft. Eighty-three per cent of the
      grafted animals have survived for 1 week and several animals have survived for
      more than 6 months. We believe that use of the cuff method technically simplifies
      microvascular anastomoses. It may be particularly useful for anastomosis of the
      portal vein after machine preservation of the donor rat liver.

PMID- 377596
TI  - The behavior of H-Y-incompatible neonatal skin grafts in rats.
AB  - It has been well documented that virgin female rats previously systemically
      sensitized against H-Y antigen almost invariably reject male skin isografts of
      adult origin. However, when the donor is a neonatal animal, these H-Y
      incompatible grafts are often permanently accepted. Furthermore, such neonatal
      male skin grafts are frequently able to induce a state of unresponsiveness to
      subsequent grafts of adult male skin. This ability to induce tolerance is
      evidently dependent upon the persistence of the neonatal skin graft as it does
      not occur if the neonatal graft is rejected. Thus, the behavior of H-Y
      incompatible neonatal skin grafts in rats parallels their behavior in mice.

PMID- 377598
TI  - Extended skin allograft survival in mice during prolonged exposure to hyperbaric
      oxygen.

PMID- 377597
TI  - Enhancing alloantibody effective during sensitization but not effector phase of
      skin graft rejection.

PMID- 377600
TI  - Graft survival in cadaveric renal transplantation.

PMID- 377601
TI  - Proceedings of the Seventh Congress of the Transplantation Society. Introduction
      and dedication.

PMID- 377599
TI  - Demonstration of transplantation antigens on the endothelium of peritubular
      capillaries in renal allografts by the immunoperoxidase method.

PMID- 377602
TI  - Variant forms of arteritis in human renal allografts.

PMID- 377603
TI  - Synergy between antigen, antilymphocyte serum, and procarbazine hydrochloride in
      murine skin allotransplantation.

PMID- 377604
TI  - Adoptive transfer of specific unresponsiveness to skin allografts by spleen cells
      from ALS-treated, marrow-injected mice.

PMID- 377606
TI  - Transplantation tolerance after total lymphoid irradiation.

PMID- 377605
TI  - Total-body irradiation and host reconstitution with stored autologous marrow: an
      experimental model for the induction of allogeneic unresponsiveness in large
      mammals.

PMID- 377608
TI  - Tumor incidence in human allograft recipients.

PMID- 377607
TI  - Orthopedic complications of renal transplantation in children.

PMID- 377609
TI  - Cancer and survival after cadaveric donor renal transplantation.

PMID- 377610
TI  - The first report of the human renal transplant registry in Japan.

PMID- 377611
TI  - Current state of clinical immunotherapy.

PMID- 377612
TI  - Causes and management of rejection.

PMID- 377613
TI  - Organ-sharing programs.

PMID- 377615
TI  - Transplantation in pigs.

PMID- 377614
TI  - Immunologic monitoring of transplant patients.

PMID- 377616
TI  - Major histocompatibility complex of the rat.

PMID- 377617
TI  - Evolutionary uremia therapy.

PMID- 377619
TI  - Comparisons of dialysis and transplant results from one center.

PMID- 377618
TI  - Past, present, and future aspects of histocompatibility.
AB  - We have stressed problems attendant on studies of the MHC, ignoring non-HLA
      factors and their role in allograft immunity. Many other topics could have been
      chosen for discussion is any such overview; our selection reflects our own
      interests. We felt assured, however, that excellent coverage by our many
      colleagues of the diverse and varied aspects of histocompatibility not approached
      in this summary has allowed us this freedom.

PMID- 377621
TI  - Transfusion-induced renal allograft protection.

PMID- 377620
TI  - Correlation between number of pretransplant blood transfusions and kidney graft
      survival.

PMID- 377622
TI  - Pretransplant dialysis and blood transfusion--correlation with cadaveric kidney
      graft survival.
AB  - Renal graft survival was better for the patients receiving blood transfusions or
      treated with dialysis before transplantation. Graft survival was more strongly
      correlated with pretransplant dialysis than with blood transfusion.

PMID- 377624
TI  - Uremic patients immunized with planned blood transfusions: detection of HLA
      antibodies with the cytotoxic test and an indirect rosette microassay.

PMID- 377623
TI  - Effect of blood transfusions on cadaver renal allograft survival.

PMID- 377625
TI  - Prediction of reversibility of renal allograft rejection.

PMID- 377626
TI  - Transfusions: their influence on human renal graft survival.

PMID- 377627
TI  - Effect of blood transfusions on renal allograft survival.
AB  - One and two-year allograft survival rates of 117 first and 20 second consecutive
      cadaveric renal allografts are analyzed. The following observations were made:
      (1) Pretransplant blood transfusions may not improve rate of allograft survival
      per se. (2) Pretransplant blood transfusions may, however, reduce the number and
      the severity of rejection episodes in the early posttransplantation period. Thus,
      the allograft survival, especially in the nontransfused patients, may perhaps be
      influenced more by the effective manipulation of immunosuppressive therapy during
      rejection episodes. (3) The presence of lymphocytotoxins per se may not have any
      deleterious effect on the survival of second allografts.

PMID- 377628
TI  - Bone marrow transplantation--present status.
AB  - In the short space of the last 10 years, marrow transplantation has become a
      reasonable treatment option for persons with severe aplastic anemia. It has not
      as yet convincingly established itself in the treatment of leukemia and other
      malignancies but shows promise with new approaches. Many of the immunologic
      problems generic to bone marrow transplantation have been identified, and
      solutions are actively being pursued in the clinic and at the laboratory bench.
      As solutions to some of the present-day obstacles to the full therapeutic
      potential of bone marrow transplantation are met, we should see, in the next 10
      years, a wider application of this therapy to various hematologic and malignant
      disorders.

PMID- 377629
TI  - Mechanisms and avoidance of graft-versus-host disease.

PMID- 377630
TI  - Decrease in the graft rejection rate and improvement in survival after marrow
      transplantation for severe aplastic anemia.

PMID- 377631
TI  - Successful bone marrow transplantation in sensitized recipients.
AB  - Fourteen patients with aplastic anemia and one with the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
      who were specifically sensitized against their donors were successfully engrafted
      with bone marrow from those donors. Sensitivity was detected in antibody
      independent and antibody-dependent cell-mediated lysis assays. In order to erase
      this immunity to non-MHR familial transplantation antigens, multiagent
      immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide, procarbazine, and whole rabbit
      antithymocyte serum (ATS) was used. The data suggest that ATS was largely
      responsible for abrogation of this sensitivity and indicate that immunity does
      not represent a barrier to successful transplantation.

PMID- 377632
TI  - Plasmapheresis in the treatment of renal allograft rejections.

PMID- 377633
TI  - A phase-II trial of fractionated total body radiation in bone marrow
      transplantation for acute leukemia UCLA Bone Marrow Transplant Team.

PMID- 377634
TI  - Cryopreserved autologous bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of selected
      pediatric malignancies: a preliminary report.
AB  - We have shown that it is possible to collect and viably store sufficient numbers
      of stem cells to hematologically reconstitute patients following marrow-lethal
      doses of chemoradiotherapy. While no current procedure can be guaranteed to
      eliminate clonogenic tumor from the bone marrow, the fact that hematopoietic stem
      cells capable of reconstituting the host can be obtained after intensive
      chemotherapy makes it possible to clear microscopic foci of tumor from the marrow
      prior to storage. Such patients are now included in our protocol. The initial
      treatment results indicate that, in selected circumstances, tumor in otherwise
      refractory patients can be eliminated or partially controlled by a single
      intensive pulse of chemoradiotherapy with severe but acceptable extramedullary
      toxicity. The fact that patients can be rescued from otherwise lethal
      myelotoxicity by the reinfusion of cryopreserved autologous bone marrow permits
      wider exploration of new, more intensive cytoreductive regimens in a variety of
      cancers.

PMID- 377635
TI  - Autologous bone marrow transplantation in relapsed adult acute leukemia and solid
      tumors.

PMID- 377636
TI  - Allogeneic marrow transplantation for patients with acute leukemia.

PMID- 377637
TI  - Fetal liver transplantation in two infants with severe combined immunodeficiency.

PMID- 377638
TI  - Mismatching for minor histocompatibility antigens in bone marrow transplantation:
      consequences for the development and control of severe graft-versus-host disease.

PMID- 377639
TI  - The quality of life after liver transplantation.
AB  - The quality of life after liver transplantation ranges from poor to superior. The
      social and vocational outcome is dependent on the quality of homograft function
      and on the steroid doses necessary to maintain function. A good long-term
      prognosis is usually evident by 1 year postoperatively. The complete
      rehabilitation of so many patients has encouraged us to continue our efforts in
      this difficult field.

PMID- 377641
TI  - The development of biliary "sludge" following liver transplantation.

PMID- 377640
TI  - Gastrointestinal complications of hepatic transplantation.
AB  - In this series of 150 orthotopic hepatic transplants, clinically significant
      gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred in 34 patients (23%). Five patients (15%)
      survived this complication. Enteric perforations occurred in 20 patients
      following 198 biliary-enteric procedures. Only one patient survived. Enteric
      perforations unrelated to biliary procedures fared only slightly better with one
      survivor among eight perforations. These results clearly do not warrant
      complacency. Modifications advocated are an aggressive diagnostic approach and
      early reoperation with establishment of extensive peritoneal drainage where
      necessary.

PMID- 377642
TI  - Air embolus in liver transplantation.

PMID- 377643
TI  - The case for and technique of heterotopic liver grafting.

PMID- 377644
TI  - The adjunctive value of equine antithymocyte membrane globulin in a randomized
      study of patients undergoing cadaveric renal transplantation.

PMID- 377646
TI  - A decade of human heart transplantation.

PMID- 377647
TI  - Selection of patients for cardiac transplantation.

PMID- 377645
TI  - Thoracic duct drainage in organ transplantation: will it permit better
      immunosuppression?

PMID- 377648
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of acute cardiac allograft rejection.
AB  - Integration of data derived from immunologic monitoring techniques and
      endomyocardial biopsy currently permits more precise administration of
      immunosuppressive medications for the treatment of acute cardiac allograft
      rejection than was formerly possible, resulting in a substantially improved
      outlook for long-term survival. Indeed, the probability of survival for 5 years
      postoperatively of 50% exceeds that for several categories of cardiac patients
      currently undergoing other more common forms of heart surgery. The continuing
      demonstration of the potential for cardiac transplantation clearly warrants
      further application of this procedure for the treatment of appropriate patients
      with end-stage cardiac disease.

PMID- 377649
TI  - Hemodynamic performance of the human transplanted heart.

PMID- 377650
TI  - Heterotopic versus orthotopic heart transplantation.
AB  - Since November 1974, heterotopic cardiac transplants have been performed at this
      unit in preference to orthotopic transplants. A number of reasons have led us to
      prefer this technique, namely donor malfunction in the immediate postoperative
      period and during rejection; right ventricular failure of the donor heart in the
      orthotopic position in patients with pulmonary hypertension; the ease of patient
      management; and the use of the donor heart as a temporary method of cardiac
      support. Disadvantages are the later recognition of rejection and the difficulty
      in performing transvenous endomyocardial biopsies. The results are satisfactory
      giving a 1, 2, and 3-year survival rate of 62%, 58%, and 50%, respectively.

PMID- 377651
TI  - Mitigation of hyperacute rejection by antilymphocyte globulin (ALG).
AB  - In HR, primarily humoral immunologic factors trigger a sequence of events that
      finally destroys the transplanted organ. Unspecific trapping of WBC diminishes
      the RBF, especially in the first compartment--the cortex. Pretreatment with ALG
      is able to suppress this cellular participation partially, thus postponing the
      stop of RBF without preventing the influence of humoral factors on the graft. As
      shown by pathologic and functional criteria recorded for 8 hr, an exclusive
      measurement of total RBF does not reflect an inhibition of the course of HR.

PMID- 377652
TI  - Role of left ventricular assist devices in clinical heart transplantation.

PMID- 377653
TI  - Pancreatic transplantation in man: a new method of pancreas preparation and
      results on diabetes correction.

PMID- 377654
TI  - Monitoring of rejection.
AB  - Rejection in non-identical pairs is both antibody- and cell-mediated.
      Measurements of CDC and LMC specific for the donor can be useful clinical tools
      in confirming rejection, detecting periods of likely rejection, and helping to
      predict responses to therapy. In particular, the LMC assay appears to have
      excellent temporal correlations with graft status. Rejection in the HLA-identical
      sibling transplant is directed against a non-MHC antigen, is cell-mediated, and
      can be typed for using CTL.

PMID- 377655
TI  - Immunologic correlates of human renal allograft survival.

PMID- 377656
TI  - Randomized steroid therapy of human kidney transplant rejection.

PMID- 377657
TI  - Corticosteroids and leukocyte blastogenesis in renal transplantation.

PMID- 377658
TI  - Cross-reactive antibodies and decreased renal graft survival.

PMID- 377659
TI  - Characterization and alterations of lymphocyte subpopulations in renal allograft
      recipients.

PMID- 377660
TI  - Clinical value of the rosette inhibition test in renal allotransplantation.

PMID- 377661
TI  - The development and specificity of anti-B-cell antibodies during humoral
      rejection of kidney allografts.

PMID- 377662
TI  - Prednisolone withdrawal after 2 years in renal transplant patients receiving only
      this form of immunosuppression.

PMID- 377663
TI  - Pre- and posttransplant B-cell antibodies in renal transplantation.

PMID- 377664
TI  - B-lymphocyte-specific antibodies in human renal allografts.

PMID- 377665
TI  - Progress in clinical renal transplantation.

PMID- 377666
TI  - Antibodies to donor B lymphocytes and autoantibodies in renal transplantation.
AB  - A positive CDC B-lymphocyte XM is not deleterious to long-term graft outcome. A
      positive unfractionated CDC XM is not a contraindication to transplantation if
      the positive crossmatch is due entirely to anti-B-lymphocyte antibody. B
      lymphocyte autoantibodies are common in hemodialysis patients, but may account
      for only a minority of positive B-lymphocyte XMs.

PMID- 377667
TI  - Evaluation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte function in renal transplant patients.

PMID- 377668
TI  - Neutrophilic blasts associated with human renal allograft rejection.

PMID- 377669
TI  - The detection of non-HLA antibodies and their possible role in bone marrow graft
      rejection.

PMID- 377670
TI  - Intrarenal distribution of endothelial antigens recognized by antibodies from
      renal allograft recipients.

PMID- 377671
TI  - Role of antibody to tubular basement membrane (TBM) antigen in kidney
      transplantation.

PMID- 377672
TI  - The confirmation and monitoring of acute rejection by urine immunoglobulin
      determinations.

PMID- 377673
TI  - Urinary excretion of factor-VIII-related antigen and fibrin(ogen) degradation
      fragments D and E after kidney transplantation.

PMID- 377674
TI  - Transcatheteric partial splenic embolization (PSE) for azathioprine intolerance
      in renal transplant recipients.

PMID- 377675
TI  - A response to the shortage of cadaveric kidneys for transplantation.

PMID- 377676
TI  - Machine versus cold storage preservation and TAN versus the energy charge as a
      predictor of graft function posttransplantation.

PMID- 377677
TI  - Intimal injuries in vessels of the preserved kidney.

PMID- 377678
TI  - Comparative study of albumin solution and cryoprecipitated plasma for renal
      preservation: a preliminary report.

PMID- 377679
TI  - Hyperosmolar citrate versus perfudex: a functional comparison in clinical kidney
      preservation.

PMID- 377680
TI  - Delayed renal function and long-term cadaver renal allograft survival.
AB  - This study indicates that (1) ATN adversely affects long-term allograft survival
      but not patient survival, (2) in patients with delayed function the duration of
      ATN does not influence allograft survival, (3) ATN kidneys with good recovery
      (SCR less than 3.0) do as well as immediate-function kidneys, (4) poor recovery
      from ATN (SCR greater than 3.0) is associated with poor long-term allograft
      survival and may be the result of allograft rejection during ATN, since analysis
      of multiple characteristics at the time of transplantation failed to discern any
      difference between the good- and poor-recovery groups, and (5) there are no
      reliable pretransplant indicators of those kidneys that will never function or be
      in the poorly recovered group.

PMID- 377681
TI  - Renal transplantation of RT1-B-matched, RT1-A-mismatched rats.

PMID- 377682
TI  - Successful renal transplantation in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

PMID- 377683
TI  - Tolerance of histoincompatible marrow grafts.

PMID- 377684
TI  - T-lymphocyte maturation after bone marrow, fetal liver, or thymus transplantation
      in immunodeficiencies.

PMID- 377685
TI  - Bone marrow transplantation for correction of enzyme deficiency disease.
AB  - Mutant acatalasemic mice provide a prototype of congenital enzyme deficiency
      disease. Normal blood catalase levels were achieved permanently in congenitally
      acatalasemic mice by transplantation of bone marrow cells from congeneic normal
      catalasemic mice using relatively small numbers of cells following whole body
      irradiation. The increase in blood catalase activity was physiologically
      effective as demonstrated by the protection of the previously acatalasemic mice
      against the otherwise lethal effects of hydrogen peroxide injections. Bone marrow
      transplantation has the potential to provide a continuous source of some enzymes
      and may be applicable as treatment for certain congenital enzyme deficiency
      diseases.

PMID- 377687
TI  - Genetic requirements for bone marrow transplantation for stem-cell-defective W/Wv
      mice.

PMID- 377686
TI  - Marrow graft rejection in DLA-identical canine littermates: antigens involved are
      expressed on leukocytes and skin epithelial cells but probably not on platelets
      and red blood cells.

PMID- 377688
TI  - Induction of lasting hemopoietic chimerism in a xenogeneic (rat to mouse) model.

PMID- 377689
TI  - Duct-ligated versus duct-obliterated canine pancreatic autografts: early
      postoperative results.

PMID- 377690
TI  - Intraperitoneal segmental pancreatic allografts with unligated ducts in pigs.

PMID- 377691
TI  - Segmental pancreatic transplantation in dogs.

PMID- 377692
TI  - Fetal pancreas in treatment of experimental diabetes in rats.

PMID- 377693
TI  - Early rejection of allotransplanted pancreatic islets in the dog.

PMID- 377694
TI  - Renal transplantation in patients with diabetes mellitus--revisited.
AB  - Sixty-one patients with end-stage renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy
      received 68 renal allografts from June 1970 to February 1978. Patient and graft
      survival results equaled those for nondiabetic patients, as reported by the Human
      Renal Transplant Registry (HRTR). Renal allografts from siblings or pretreated
      cadaver donors had a significantly longer survival time than did allografts from
      nonpretreated cadaver donors. It is concluded that renal transplantation with
      living related and pretreated cadaver donor kidneys continues to be the treatment
      of choice and is superior to other forms of treatment in the insulin-dependent
      diabetic patient with end-stage renal disease.

PMID- 377695
TI  - Spontaneous long-term survival of liver allograft in inbred rats.

PMID- 377696
TI  - Techniques for orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat and some studies of
      the immunologic responses to fully allogeneic liver grafts.

PMID- 377697
TI  - Hepatocellular transplantation for treatment of D-galactosamine-induced acute
      liver failure in rats.

PMID- 377698
TI  - Studies on ectopic liver utilizing hepatocyte transplantation into the rat
      spleen.

PMID- 377699
TI  - Delayed rejection of cardiac allograft following coronary washout.

PMID- 377700
TI  - Total in vivo functional adequacy of canine lung autografts after 24-hr
      preservation.

PMID- 377701
TI  - Renal transplantation in insulin-treated diabetics.
AB  - In our view, renal transplantation in the uremic diabetic patient is justified.
      Recipients should be selected with caution. Patients with both loss of vision and
      heart disease will only rarely benefit from renal transplantation. Living related
      donor should be preferred if possible.

PMID- 377702
TI  - Comparison of the immunologic reactions of arterial transplants in the arterial
      system and of venous transplants in the venous system using inbred strains of
      rats.
AB  - (1) Arterial transplants used as arterial replacements induce sensitization of
      the recipient in the weakly as well as in the strongly allogeneic systems
      (afferent limb). (2) Venous transplants used as venous replacements induce
      sensitization of the recipient (afferent limb). (3) Arterial transplants show
      increasingly severe rejection reactions paralleling the degree of immunogenetic
      difference (efferent limb). (4) Veins transplanted as venous replacements are
      tolerated even in the strongly allogeneic systems (efferent limb).

PMID- 377703
TI  - Gonadal function after renal allotransplantation.
AB  - Our data suggest that impaired testicular function was corrected, but not
      completely, by renal allotransplantation. One patient with impaired renal
      function showed azoospermia and six patients with normal renal function
      oligospermia. It was observed that conception might occur when the sperm count
      was below 10 million/ml. The elevated FSH among patients with azoospermia or
      oligospermia indicates a responsive pituitary. The positive clomiphene test
      suggests that the function of the hypothalamo-hypophysial axis is normal.

PMID- 377704
TI  - Ia antigenic specificities: definition of human system and relevance to immune
      responses.

PMID- 377705
TI  - Prophylactic use of interferon in renal allograft recipients.

PMID- 377706
TI  - Absence of DR antigens on human T lymphoid cells: serologic and immunochemical
      studies with xenoantisera.

PMID- 377707
TI  - Influence of HLA-A, B, C, and D matching and pretransplant blood transfusions on
      kidney graft survival.
AB  - A significant influence of matching both for the HLA-A and B and the D/DR
      antigens on graft survival in patients transplanted with kidneys from living
      related or cadaveric donors is demonstrated. A generally reduced survival of
      cadaveric grafts during the last few years may at least in part be explained by
      the use of more three and four antigen-mismatched donors. The beneficial effect
      of pretransplant blood transfusions on graft survival in our material is almost
      nulled when uremic patients, dying while waiting for a transplant, are also
      considered. In addition, significantly more high-risk patients are included in
      the nontransfused patient group.

PMID- 377708
TI  - Collaborative scheme for tissue typing and matching in renal transplantation. X.
      Effect of HLA-A, B, D, and DR matching and pretransplant blood transfusion on 769
      cadaver renal grafts.

PMID- 377709
TI  - Influence of HLA-DR matching in cadaver kidney transplantation in
      Swisstransplant.

PMID- 377710
TI  - Role of anti-donor B lymphocyte antibodies in definitive allograft rejection.

PMID- 377711
TI  - Complement and cell-mediated specific destruction of human endothelial cells
      treated with anti-DRw antisera.

PMID- 377713
TI  - Evidence for cellular immune mechanisms in hyperacute rejection of renal
      allografts in miniature swine.

PMID- 377712
TI  - Composition, subclass distribution, and preliminary analysis of the functions of
      host inflammatory cells infiltrating renal allografts during rejection.

PMID- 377714
TI  - Relative absence of helper cells in rejecting allografts.

PMID- 377715
TI  - Antigens of mammalian cell surface and their corresponding antibodies.

PMID- 377716
TI  - Augmentation of cell-mediated cytotoxicity by short-term in vitro precultivation
      of effector cells.

PMID- 377717
TI  - Nonspecific chemical immunosuppression.

PMID- 377718
TI  - Mode of action of cyclosporin A: a new immunosuppressive agent.

PMID- 377719
TI  - Cyclosporin A: preliminary observations in dogs with pancreatic duodenal
      allografts and patients with cadaveric renal transplants.

PMID- 377720
TI  - Effectiveness of a new drug, bredinin, on canine kidney allotransplant survival.
AB  - BR has remarkable effectiveness on canine kidney allograft survival. Its
      effectiveness in suppression of the immune responses is dependent on the dosage.
      Atrophy of the spleen and the mesenteric lymph nodes is prominent in treated
      dogs. Septic complications are slight, with no reduction in the number of
      peripheral white blood cells. Erosive changes of the mucosa in the entire bowel
      are the major side effects of the drug treatment. Liver functional abnormality
      has not been observed.

PMID- 377721
TI  - Prolonged kidney allograft survival with promethazine.
AB  - The effects of promethazine hydrochloride have been investigated in a rabbit
      kidney allograft model. The drug was ineffective on its own, but if added to a
      protocol that induced partial suppression of rejection in 50% of recipients, its
      effect was dramatic. Allograft survival was prolonged from a control mean of 10.3
      days to a mean of 26.3 days. One animal survived 2 1/2 months, and no other drug
      than promethazine was given after day 6. Promethazine and 6-methylprednisolone
      alone also prolonged allograft survival, but the results were significantly
      better if the recipient had been exposed to donor blood before grafting. The
      results suggest that promethazine is a useful adjuvant immunosuppressive drug. It
      could be beneficial in man.

PMID- 377722
TI  - Graft survival and response to hepatitis-B virus in kidney recipients.

PMID- 377723
TI  - Antiidiotype antibodies: induction of specific transplantation tolerance in adult
      animals.

PMID- 377724
TI  - Legionnaires' disease following renal transplantation.

PMID- 377725
TI  - Selective suppression of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to rat
      alloantigens by monoclonal antibodies produced by hybridoma cell lines.

PMID- 377726
TI  - Dilutions and specificity analysis of pretransplant sera.
AB  - Six serial dilutions of 51 sera from pretransplant patients were reacted against
      T and B lymphocytes at 5 degrees C and 37 degrees C. By the use of defined panels
      of T and B lymphocytes it could be shown that 10% of the 51 positive sera
      contained T-warm antibodies against HLA-A, -B, and -C specificities. There were
      28% of the sera that had antibodies against non-HLA antigens reactive to B
      lymphocytes in the cold. Other sera contained mixtures of HLA and non-HLA
      antibodies. By dilution analysis of the sera, the mixtures could be detected and
      the HLA specificities identified. This ability to distinguish between HLA and non
      HLA antibodies should be important in classifying pretransplant patients into
      high- and low-risk patients. Prior evidence that we have presented suggests that
      the non-HLA antibodies may be enhancing antibodies.

PMID- 377727
TI  - Preexistent anti-HLA-DR antibodies and kidney graft survival.

PMID- 377728
TI  - The positive B-cell cross-match: a marker of active enhancement?

PMID- 377729
TI  - A model for study of the cellular mechanisms that maintain long-term enhancement
      of cardiac graft survival.

PMID- 377731
TI  - GVHD suppression by incubation of bone marrow grafts with anti-T-cell globulin:
      effect in the canine model and application to clinical bone marrow
      transplantation.

PMID- 377730
TI  - Posttransplant hypersplenism.
AB  - Posttransplant hypersplenism, manifested by leukopenia and azathioprine
      intolerance, can be diagnosed with a high degree of accuracy and promptly
      reversed by emergency splenectomy. Functioning cadaver kidney homograft survival
      rates in patients undergoing posttransplant splenectomy are equal to that of
      patients undergoing pretransplant splenectomy and are statistically superior (p
      less than 0.01) to recipients who have never had their spleens removed. However,
      mortality (21%) for posttransplant splenectomy is excessively high when compared
      to our mortality (1.3%) for pretransplant splenectomy.

PMID- 377732
TI  - Prolongation of renal allograft survival in the dog by passive administration of
      polyspecific antisera.

PMID- 377733
TI  - Specific suppression of alloimmune responses by antigen.

PMID- 377734
TI  - Prolongation of canine renal allografts: plasma or liver instead of blood
      transfusions combined with preoperative nonspecific immunosuppression.

PMID- 377735
TI  - Prolonged survival times of allogeneic skin grafts using somatic cell hybrids.

PMID- 377736
TI  - [New data on cell photoreactivation (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 377737
TI  - [Temperature-dependent structural rearrangements in the cytoplasmic membranes of
      Escherichia coli cells].
AB  - By the freeze-etching method, in has been shown that E. coli plasma membranes
      undergo a structural transition in the range of temperatures within 0 and 20
      degrees C which could be observed as redistribution of intramembrane particles
      with free-zone formation. The onset of temperature interval of this transition
      (20 degrees) well correlate with the break in the Arrhenius curves characterizing
      the cell membrane permeability for free nucleotides and for respiration
      intensity.

PMID- 377738
TI  - [Intercellular information transfer in the process of immunogenesis. VI. The
      induction of antiphage antibody synthesis in the cells of rat transplantable
      lymphosarcoma under the influence of splenic RNA from rats and mice immunized
      with phage T2].
AB  - It has been proved that nuclear and cytoplasmic RNAs, isolated from spleens of T2
      phage immunized rats and mice, can induce T2 phage antibodies in cells of the
      transplantable rat lymphosarcoma. With the nuclear RNA from rat spleens, the
      effect is persisting in a number of subsequent cell generations. The data
      presented are principally in accord with results of the authors' previous studies
      in which lymphosarcoma cells were treated with RNA extracted from spleens of rat
      immunized with sheep red cells. These results well compare with the authors'
      earlier advanced hypothesis suggesting a possible involvement of RNA in
      deblockation of genes responsible for the synthesis of the antibodies in
      question.

PMID- 377740
TI  - [A magic lantern in the human body. Features of the history of the cystoscope].

PMID- 377739
TI  - Double blind controlled comparison of aspirin, allopurinol and placebo in the
      management of arthralgia during pyrazinamide administration.
AB  - Chinese patients with arthralgia during treatment with an antituberculosis
      regimen containing pyrazinamide were allocated at random to 3 anti-arthralgia
      treatment series in a controlled double-blind study. One series (18 patients)
      received soluble aspirin 2.4 g daily, the second (23 patients) allopurinol 200 mg
      daily, and the third (19 patients) placebo only, for 8 weeks. The response was
      assessed both by independent assessors and by the patients themselves using a
      diary card. The serum uric acid concentration was measured before and during anti
      arthralgia treatment. The joints most commonly affected were the shoulders, the
      knees and the fingers, and symptoms and signs were in general neither severe nor
      protracted. For most of the patients in all 3 series the joint symptoms and signs
      improved during the 8 weeks, but a higher proportion of patients in the aspirin
      and placebo series than in the allopurinol series experienced improvement, this
      being most rapid in the aspirin series. Only in the aspirin series was the mean
      serum uric acid concentration lower during treatment than before it, and this
      effect was related to the dose in mg per kg. It is concluded that the arthralgia
      was often self-limiting, that aspirin had a small beneficial effect, that
      allopurinol, in the dosage studied, may have had a slightly deleterious effect,
      but that it would be worth studying larger dosages of allopurinol because the
      dosage studied did not affect the serum uric acid concentration.

PMID- 377741
TI  - [How the cystoscope came to Denmark (Jens Schou, J.L. Ammentorp, and Axel
      Iversen)].

PMID- 377742
TI  - [Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in treatment of acute respiratory
      insufficiency in adults].

PMID- 377743
TI  - [Estradiol and estriol in the treatment of climacteric symptoms. A controlled
      trial].

PMID- 377744
TI  - [Diagnosis of urinary tract infections in general practice. A comparative study
      of Microstix and Uricult].

PMID- 377745
TI  - [Multiple practice research. Experience with some methods].

PMID- 377746
TI  - [Preoperative sterilization of the intestine. A controlled double-blind study in
      connection with elective colonic and rectal surgery].

PMID- 377747
TI  - [Surgical treatment of inveterate strictures and obliterations of the urethra].

PMID- 377748
TI  - [Protein calculi of the bladder after allogeneic kidney transplantation].

PMID- 377749
TI  - Testicular tumors in prepubertal children.

PMID- 377750
TI  - Importance of cystourethrography in neonates with imperforate anus.
AB  - Infants born with imperforate anus have a high incidence of genitourinary
      anomalies. Vesicoureteral reflux was the most common abnormality in this series.
      Since these patients often have bacteriuria, this is an important finding. An
      intravenous pyelogram and voiding cystourethrogram should be part of the
      evaluation of each neonate with imperforate anus. Persistent cloaca, a frequent
      finding in the female patients, may require special diagnostic attention.

PMID- 377751
TI  - Galenic urology: translation of urologic portions of De Locis Affectis (Book VI,
      Chapter 3): Part II.

PMID- 377752
TI  - A salute to fifty-four great microscopists of the past: a pictorial footnote to
      the history of protozoology. Part II.

PMID- 377753
TI  - [Penetration of a foreign body into the soft tissues of the neck via the
      pharyngeal mucosa].

PMID- 377754
TI  - [On the centenary of the birth of L. D. Rabotnov].

PMID- 377755
TI  - [Susanna Saulovna Getsel'd (on her 80th birthday)].

PMID- 377756
TI  - [Docent Vsevolod Il'ich Strelov (on his 90th birthday)].

PMID- 377757
TI  - [Replacement of postoperative total defects of the mouth floor, chin and lower
      lip with Filatov's pedicle flaps].
AB  - The plasty with Filatov's pedicle grafts was applied in 3 patients with
      postoperative defects of the oral cavity fundus, chin, lower lip, tongue and
      mandible. The author recommends to apply this method in the complex treatment of
      neglected forms of cancer of the oral mucous membrane.

PMID- 377758
TI  - [Storage and preservation of biological tissues at the present stage].

PMID- 377759
TI  - [Methods of handling of pancreatic stump after pancreatectomy].

PMID- 377760
TI  - [History of experimental and clinical kidney transplantation].

PMID- 377761
TI  - [Tumors of the small intestine].
AB  - Peculiarities of the clinical picture, diagnosis and surgical treatment of the
      small intestine tumors are considered in the paper, as well as immediate and late
      results of the treatment. The results of the treatment of 14 cases of the small
      intestine tumors are summed up (6 benign neoplasms and 8 malignant ones). The
      authors have come to the conclusion that in the most of cases tumors of the small
      intestine remain symptom-free for a long time; not infrequently they are
      complicated with intestinal ileus, perforation of the tumor and  peritonitis.
      Resection of the portion of the intestine with tumors and of a segment of the
      mesentery with the removal of the enlarged regional lymph nodes provides an only
      radical method of the treatment. An original scheme of the small intestine tumors
      localization is set forth in the paper.

PMID- 377762
TI  - [Surgical treatment of varicose veins of the lower limbs].
AB  - 146 patients with varicosis of the lower limbs were operated upon in a method
      unified by the author. Consideration was given to the late results found in 132
      patients followed up within the period from 1 to 9 years. 5 patients (3.8%)
      developed recurrence of the disease.

PMID- 377763
TI  - [Trauma of the vessels of the upper extremity and shoulder girdle].

PMID- 377764
TI  - [Evaluation of the mechanisms of the effectiveness of artificial pulmonary
      ventilation under increased pressure in the respiratory tracts in respiratory
      disorders (a review of the foreign literature)].

PMID- 377765
TI  - [Gastric resection with preservation of the pyloric sphincter (a review of the
      Soviet and foreign literature)].

PMID- 377766
TI  - [In memoriam Tat'iana Arsen'evna Zaitseva].

PMID- 377767
TI  - [Petr Georgievich Kornev].

PMID- 377768
TI  - [Theoretical grounds for free osteoplasty in suppurative infection].
AB  - From the materials of extensive experimental studies and clinical observations
      the theoretical grounds for the free bone plasty under the conditions of purulent
      infection were devised. The methods of investigation of the microcirculatory
      vascular bed, luminescent microscopy with a tetracycline mark, photometry,
      planimetry and other specific tests were applied. Findings obtained in earlier
      experiments on 2000 animals (rabbits and dogs) and data of supplementary special
      studies on 185 rabbits were used. It was found, that from the point of view of
      the condition of the microcirculatory bed and osteogenetic potentiatlities of the
      mother bone, the free bone plasty is quite grounded theoretically. The authors'
      theoretical postulates are supported by successful treatment of 47 patients with
      hematogenic spine osteomyelities, subjected to bone plasty of the defects formed
      after the removal of purulent inflammatory foci.

PMID- 377769
TI  - [Sutureless ultrasonic hermetic sealing of the bronchial stump after experimental
      and clinical lung resection].
AB  - The authors have shown the possibility of the hermetization of the bronchial
      stump after resection of the lung through the use of osteocyanacrlic mass treated
      with ultrasound. A small number of clinical reservations, however does not allow
      to recommend the method for a broad use in the clinical practice. Nevertheless
      the authors believe the idea of ultrasound sutureless closure of the bronchial
      stump to be a promising one and needing further studies.

PMID- 377770
TI  - [Treatment of acute pancreatitis].
AB  - The results of the treatment of 274 patients with acute pancreatitis are
      analysed. 221 patients were subjected to conservative treatment (mortality--5.4%)
      and 53 patients were operated upon (mortality--30%). The best results were
      obtained in conservative treatment with the use of fluorofur and fluorouracil (62
      patients), which had no fatal outcomes.

PMID- 377771
TI  - [Contralateral donor kidney study for predicting the fate of transplants in the
      recipient body].
AB  - An analysis of clinico--laboratory findings concerning functional condition of
      cadaver donor kidneys in the recipient's organism and morphological changes in 12
      contralateral donor kidneys is set forth in the article. It has been found that
      in a cadaver donor kidney an impairment or an arrest of the graft function may be
      due to various pathological processes present in the donor intravitally.

PMID- 377772
TI  - [Principles of the surgical treatment of combined lesions of the brachiocephalic
      and renal arteries in nonspecific aorto-arteritis].
AB  - The presented work is founded on the analysis of the results of the surgical
      treatment of 43 patients with combined injuries to the brachycephalic and renal
      arteries, manifested clinically as syndromes of cerebral ischemia and vasorenal
      hypertension. 50 operations were carried out upon 43 patients. 45 of these 50
      operations were reconstructive ones. 6 patients were subjected to several-stages
      operations both upon the brachycephalic and renal arteries. 80% of the patients
      showed good long-term results. An active surgical tactics allowed to diminish
      dramatically the percentage of nephrectomy in non-specific aorto-arteritis.

PMID- 377773
TI  - [Free skin autoplasty of the breast].

PMID- 377774
TI  - Gentamicin for the prevention and treatment of colibacillosis in piglets.

PMID- 377775
TI  - The fertility of bulls born twin to freemartins: a review.
AB  - Evidence for the existence of XX germ cells in the testes of bulls born twin to
      females is reviewed. It is concluded that there is probably no shift in the sex
      ratio of the offspring in favour of females. Reports on the fertility of such
      bulls are reviewed. It is suggested that, provided the semen is normal, there is
      no reason why such a bull should not be used for breeding purposes.

PMID- 377776
TI  - The treatment of anoestrus in the pig: a review.

PMID- 377777
TI  - A three-month study of environmental mastitis in a dairy herd.
AB  - During the autumn/winter of 1976, a study was made of a severe mastitis outbreak
      which occurred in a herd of 96 cows. Forty-four cows and 61 quarters were
      clinically infected with new infections between September and mid-December.
      Escherichia coli was isolated in 84 per cent of clinical samples submitted for
      bacteriological examination.

PMID- 377778
TI  - Chloramphenicol-resistant S typhimurium.

PMID- 377779
TI  - Chloramphenicol-resistant S typhimurium.

PMID- 377780
TI  - Artificial reproduction of arthritis in calves by intubation of a virulent strain
      of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides.

PMID- 377781
TI  - [Gentamycin and biseptol-480 in the colibacillosis of calves].

PMID- 377782
TI  - [Use of porcine blood for the indication of pathogenic staphylococci].

PMID- 377783
TI  - [100th anniversary of a veterinary journal].

PMID- 377784
TI  - [Greatness of the 5-Year Plans].

PMID- 377785
TI  - [Great victory].

PMID- 377786
TI  - [Member of the government (Munavir Mukhametaminovich Galiev)].

PMID- 377787
TI  - [Mycobacteria isolated from environmental objects].

PMID- 377788
TI  - [Etiology of edema disease in piglets].

PMID- 377789
TI  - [Quality control of meat products].

PMID- 377790
TI  - Formation of lambda lysogens by IS2 recombination: gal operon--lambda pR promoter
      fusions.

PMID- 377791
TI  - A new method for titration of murine leukemia virus using purothionin A.

PMID- 377793
TI  - [The surgeon mangue Prokop Chocholousek].

PMID- 377792
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistant Professor Dusan Mrkos].

PMID- 377794
TI  - [Ways to increase the effectiveness of the immunoprophylaxis of influenza among
      the troops].

PMID- 377796
TI  - [Problems of military medicine in the Index Medicus].

PMID- 377795
TI  - [Rat and insect control by gas in the maritime forces].

PMID- 377797
TI  - [Vladimir Aleksandrovich Beier (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 377798
TI  - [Nature and treatment of combat injuries to the limbs (literature review)].

PMID- 377799
TI  - [Z. P. Solov'ev on the work of the military medical service in peacetime].

PMID- 377801
TI  - [Express method of detecting mutant forms of human serum cholinesterase].
AB  - An express method is developed for detection of patients carrying dibucaine
      resistant and "silent" variants of cholinesterase in blood serum. 200 donors as
      well as 25 patients with various with various pathological syndroms were
      examined; 5 patients carrying dibucaine-resistant cholinesterase were detected,
      which constituted 2.22% in the group. The method might be used in anesthesiology,
      blood transfusion and in experimental studies of the problems of medical
      genetics.

PMID- 377800
TI  - [Role of peroxidase in the pathogenesis of parodontosis].
AB  - In order to study the role of peroxidase in pathogenesis of periodontosis
      clinical observations were carried out in 132 patients with inflammatory
      dystrophic form of periodontal disease and eight species of laboratory and
      domestic animals were used in experiments. In the patients studied a distinct
      increase in peroxidase activity was observed in mixed saliva and in gum tissues,
      which correlated with the severity of the periodontal disease. Inflammatory
      dystrophic impairment of cat periodontium was accompanied by an increase in the
      peroxidase activity only in gum and alveolar process tissues; cats are
      characterized by the highest amounts of exogenous peroxidase in oral tissues as
      compared with other laboratory animals. High amounts of exogenous peroxidase did
      not affect the periododontal tissues of rats during long-term experiments. The
      main protective effects of the enzyme were as follows: bacteriostatic influence
      on streptococci in oral cavity and inhibition of leukocyte emifration. Estimation
      of the peroxidase activity in saliva may be considered as a diagnostic test for
      periodontosis and may be used to monitore the course of treatment.

PMID- 377802
TI  - [Brufen treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in children].

PMID- 377803
TI  - [Diet therapy in glomerulonephritis in children].

PMID- 377804
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of Marfan's disease and homocystinuria].

PMID- 377805
TI  - [Errors in the diagnosis of malaria].

PMID- 377806
TI  - [Iosif Adamovich Polishchuk].

PMID- 377807
TI  - [Gaik Apetnakovich Dashtaiants].

PMID- 377808
TI  - [Pharmacological and clinical aspects of mefenamic acid--nonsteroid anti
      inflammatory drug (review of the literature)].

PMID- 377809
TI  - [Informative value of diverse symptoms for differential diagnosis of stomach
      diseases using computer].

PMID- 377810
TI  - [Efim Davidovich Dubovyi (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 377811
TI  - [Evgenii Ivanovich Chazov].

PMID- 377812
TI  - [Effect of anabolic steroids on liver function in severe forms of chronic
      circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 377813
TI  - [Effect of digoxin, isolanide and strophanthin on central hemodynamic indices in
      acute cardiac insufficiency].

PMID- 377814
TI  - [Clofelin treatment of hypertension].

PMID- 377816
TI  - [Effect of sodium oxybutyrate on cerebral hemodynamics in hypothalamic vascular
      paroxysms].

PMID- 377815
TI  - [Treatment experience in rheumatic heart defects with a continuously relapsing
      course of the process].

PMID- 377817
TI  - [Thermal mineral waters of the city of Genichesk].

PMID- 377818
TI  - [Nonspecific defense factors in chronic hepatitis treated with mineral water].

PMID- 377819
TI  - [Treatment of cholecystopathies by Fumaria nebulisate].
AB  - In 85 patients with cholecystopathies the therapeutic effect of the Fumaria
      preparation Oddibil was tested. The therapy was successful alltogether in 70%, in
      dyskinesias of biliary tract in more than 80%. The optimal therapeutic result was
      obtained after 10 days on an average. The difference between the Fumaria
      nebulisate and a placebo with regard to the efficacy was statistically
      significant. The amphocholeretic effect of the praparation is especially to be
      emphasized. Side-effects didn't occur.

PMID- 377820
TI  - An early look at the therapeutic uses of some new vasopressin analogs in
      gastroenterology.
AB  - Natural vasopressins have been used, with varying success, in attempts to stop
      bleeding from esophageal varices for over two decades. Reasons for lack of
      success include (a) failure to induce a sufficiently prolonged and constant
      vasoconstrictor effect at the bleeding site, (b) dangerous side-effects, and (c)
      release of plasminogen activator induced by the peptides which can lyse any clot
      as it forms.IN THE LAST DECADE ANALOGS OF VASOPRESSIN HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED WITH A
      PROLONGED ACTION, USING TWO SEPARATE PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL MODIFICATION: (1)
      hormonogens, and (2) blockage of sites of inactivating enzymatic cleavage (in
      particular "carba" analogs without a disulfide bridge). These two categories of
      analog are compared here: the carba analogs have the advantages of high potency
      (higher than the parent hormone) with prolongation, but are also very active on
      the plasminogen activator release system. The hormonogens combine prolongation
      with low potency, but have lost not only a releasing action on plasminogen
      activator, but also, by virtue of altered release kinetics, have effectively lost
      cardiovascular toxicity.Mechanisms of analog action and receptor interaction are
      presented, along with initial clinical experiences.

PMID- 377822
TI  - Studies on cholesterol ester formation and hydrolysis in liver disease: a
      selective review.
AB  - Plasma cholesterol esters are formed within the circulation by lecithin
      cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), an enzyme produced by the liver. Patients
      with hepatocellular disease have low plasma LCAT activity. This largely accounts
      for the decreased levels of cholesterol esters observed in such patients and
      appears due to impaired hepatic production of the enzyme. In contrast, activity
      of the LCAT reaction in patients with cholestasis seems variable and is the
      subject of controversy, largely because the influence of abnormal cholestatic
      lipoproteins on the reaction requires further clarification.Human liver contains
      a lysosomal cholesterol ester hydrolase (CEH) which may play an important role in
      hepatic cholesterol homeostasis. In patients with liver damage there is no
      concrete evidence of circulating CEH activity, but recent studies show elevated
      activity of hydrolase within the liver itself in acute hepatitis. Hepatic
      activity of another lysosomal enzyme, acid phosphatase, is not increased,
      suggesting that high CEH in hepatitic liver does not simply reflect a general
      increase in lysosomal enzymes. The pathogenesis and significance of altered CEH
      activity in liver disease require further study.

PMID- 377823
TI  - The contribution of gut-derived endotoxins to liver injury.
AB  - The liver serves as the key organ for the removal and detoxification of bacterial
      endotoxins that are continously absorbed in small amounts from the
      gastrointestinal tract. This paper postulates that liver injury impairs this
      detoxification process leading to further liver damage and systemic effects as
      well. Evidence is reviewed to support the contention that endotoxin may be a
      major common pathway for liver injury by a variety of agents, and methods of
      reducing endotoxicity of gut origin are proposed. Finally, a new solid phase
      radioimmunometric assay for E. coli 026 is described and its usefulness as a gut
      marker suggested.

PMID- 377821
TI  - Renovascular hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
AB  - Renovascular hypertension can result from renal artery lesions involving the main
      renal artery, or its branches. It is generally felt that the elevation of blood
      pressure results from excessive systemic vasoconstriction secondary to enhanced
      renin secretion by one or part of one kidney. Renin secretion is enhanced because
      of constriction of the renal artery and resultant intrarenal ischemia. Clinically
      patients cannot be distinguished from those with essential hypertension and
      diagnosis must be made with arteriography although urography and isotope
      renography may suggest the diagnosis. Surgical cure can be predicted if
      differential renal vein renin ratios lateralize but a non-lateralizing study does
      not necessarily mean that surgery will fail. In properly selected patients,
      surgical results are excellent.

PMID- 377824
TI  - The role of the liver in the adrenergic regulation of blood flow from the
      splanchnic to the central circulation.
AB  - Cardiac output is determined, in large part, by the venous return of blood to the
      heart. Various adrenergic and pharmacologic influences affect venous return. In
      the dog it appears that the liver may play an important role in the control of
      blood flow from the splanchnic to the central circulation and, hence, in the
      control of venous return.

PMID- 377825
TI  - The etiology of chronic active hepatitis in Korea.
AB  - In a study of apparently normal, healthy Korean Army recruits performed in 1962,
      we found that 42 of 1,906 screened subjects had elevations of their serum
      glutamic pyruvate transaminase. Liver biopsies were obtained from 32 of these
      subjects and 9 of these had a "novel" antigen present, which reacted specifically
      with a convalescent serum from a case of serum hepatitis. We have recently tested
      frozen serum obtained from 8/9 of these cases and found that all 8 had HBsAg in
      their serum which, in some cases, persisted for at least three months. We
      reviewed the histological specimens from the original 32 cases using newly
      defined criteria: 18 were diagnosed as chronic active hepatitis and the 8 HbsAg
      positive cases with the "novel" antigen were in this group. In four of these
      cases the lesion appeared to progress to cirrhosis during a 3--4 month follow-up
      period. Since none of the cases had a prior history of hepatitis and no symptoms
      developed during the follow-up period, our findings emphasize the significance of
      chronic hepatitis B virus carrier state in the etiology of cryptogenic cirrhosis.

PMID- 377827
TI  - Apprentices in trouble: some problems in the training of surgeons and
      apothecaries in seventeenth century London.
AB  - Mayor's Court interrogatories and depositions in six disputes between apprentices
      and their surgeon and apothecary masters in London in 1654-1684 are reviewed.
      Evidence is presented to illustrate aspects of the operation of the apprentice
      system.

PMID- 377826
TI  - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and infection: a study of
      hospitalized patients in Iran.
AB  - The Mediterranean variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is
      functionally deficient and found in a variety of cell types of affected
      individuals, including both erythocytes and neutrophils. To determine if the
      presence of this sex-linked gene is associated to any degree with the occurrence
      of severe bacterial infection, a study of hospitalized male patients in Iran was
      undertaken. As determined by erythrocyte assay, allele prevalence in male
      patients with infection was 22% vs. 12% in a patient group matched for the
      absence of other risk factors for infection and 6% in a second group who had
      additional risk factors for infection. When the control and patient groups were
      considered together the difference between the frequency of G6PD deficiency
      (10.2%) was significantly different from that found in the infected patients (p
      less than .05). Furthermore, the mean age of infected patients with G6PD
      deficiency was significantly less than that of infected patients without G6PD
      deficiency or non-infected control groups. These data suggest that host defenses
      may be altered in G6PD deficiency so that bacterial infections are more severe.
      Alternatively, G6PD deficiency and infection might represent concomittant risk
      factors which lead to hospitalization during bacterial infection. Potential
      mechanisms by which host defenses might be altered in G6PD deficiency are
      discussed.

PMID- 377828
TI  - Biological effects of salt.

PMID- 377829
TI  - [History of the profession].

PMID- 377830
TI  - [In memoriam Jurgen Steinkopff].

PMID- 377831
TI  - [Genetic control of the sensitivity of experimental animals to narcotic
      substances].

PMID- 377832
TI  - [Mathematical models of immune processes].

PMID- 377834
TI  - Periodontal reconstruction.

PMID- 377833
TI  - [Interaction of rodent salivary glands with their endocrine glands].

PMID- 377836
TI  - [Main results of the activities of the Chair of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases
      of the Chernovitz Medical Institute and its contribution to the organization and
      development of dermatology and venereology in Bukovina].

PMID- 377835
TI  - [Value of specific serological tests in examination of the cerebrospinal fluid in
      syphilis].

PMID- 377837
TI  - [Iu. K. Skripkin].

PMID- 377838
TI  - [M. N. Bukharovich].

PMID- 377839
TI  - [Clinical and pathoanatomical parallels in malignant nasopharyngeal neoplasms].

PMID- 377840
TI  - [Use of medicinal plants for the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis].

PMID- 377841
TI  - [Study of the relationship between inflammatory processes in the nose and
      paranasal sinuses and bronchopulmonary diseases under experimental conditions].

PMID- 377844
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment measures before prosthetic care in adults. I].

PMID- 377843
TI  - [Boris Alekseevich Shaparenko (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 377842
TI  - [Plastic surgery of the nasal tip with the use of free skin transplantation].

PMID- 377845
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment measures before prosthetic care in adults. II].

PMID- 377846
TI  - [Traumatic tetanus, the cross of physicians. A presentation in view of daily
      dental practice].

PMID- 377847
TI  - [New developments in experimental urology].

PMID- 377848
TI  - [Experimental reconstructive surgery of the common bile duct (author's transl)].
AB  - In reconstructive surgery of the common bile duct the exact everting adaptation-
      by microsurgical suture technique--was studied in 4 male bastard dogs. This
      operative procedure is followed by minimal amounts of granulation tissue in
      region of the anastomosis. In contrast to the synthetic Teflon material the
      bovine heterograft (Solcograft) did not satisfy as choledochal substitute. In
      spite of precise suture technique the inner surface of the graft was not covered
      with epithelium of the biliary tract one year later.

PMID- 377849
TI  - [The Rodney Smith technic for the reconstruction of bile-duct stenoses].

PMID- 377850
TI  - [Peripartal and puerperal infections as reflected in articles in the Zentralblatt
      fur Gynakologie from 1878 to 1978].
AB  - Historical review about puerperal infections in the last 100 years on the
      background of publications in the Zentralblatt fur Gynakologie. The time was
      divided in three parts: The time after Semmelweis (1878 to 1920), the first time
      of chemotherapy (1920 to 1940) and the antibiotic epoche (after 1940).

PMID- 377851
TI  - [Erich C. Lork, 1899-1978].

PMID- 377852
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Fritz Kauffmann].

PMID- 377853
TI  - In memoriam Prof. Dr. Fritz Kaufmann.

PMID- 377854
TI  - [Purification and physico-chemical analysis of the fimbrial antigen in two
      different genera of Enterobacteriacea: Salmonella enteritidis and Yersinia
      enterocolitica (author's transl)].
AB  - Chemical, physical and immunological properties of the fimbrial antigen of two
      different genera of Enterobacteriaceae, namely Salmonella (S. enteritidis) and
      Yersinia (Y. enterocolitica) were analysed. Only a few strains of these two
      bacterial genera possess a fimbrial antigen which proved to be identical in all
      tests. Purified fimbriae are unstable in buffer solutions. They tend to form
      aggregates, patterns of which are between 240000 and 270000. Submitted to
      solubility testing by various methods these aggregates easily dissociate into
      particles of different molecular size. Treatment with 1% sodium dodecyl sulphate
      (SDS) in 1% mercaptoaethanol at 37 degrees C for 60 minutes gave constant
      reproducible results. The fimbrial protein prepared by this method proved to be
      an antigenically active unit with a molecular weight of 23450 for S. enteritidis
      and 23350 for Y. enterocolitica. The electron microscope revealed that purified
      fimbriae of these two genera consist of extremely thin filaments (1.5 to 2.7 nm),
      covering the bacterial cell as an envelope. They are supposed to be composed of
      no more than 2 to 3 peptid chains. The presence of the amino acids tyrosine,
      phenylalanine and tryptophane may be responsible of the particular behaviour of
      the fimbriae which according to different external conditions react with
      different states of dissociation. Probably the filaments are not stable in a
      solution as single filaments but tend to form oligomer, secondary and tertiary
      structures. Experiments of isoelectric focusing revealed that both antigens
      consist of a pure protein component (composed of 17 amino acids) which appears at
      pH 3.9.

PMID- 377855
TI  - [Enteritis due to Escherichia coli O142 K86 H34 in a ward of premature infants.
      With a discussion on the problem of pathogenicity of "enteropathogenic serogroups
      of E. coli" (author's transl)].
AB  - E. coli O142 K86 H34 has been isolated from stool specimens of five babies in a
      ward of premature infants. Diarrheal stools were observed in two of them; one
      infant temporarily failed to gain weight, and the other developed a temporary
      loss of weight. Smooth stools observed in the third baby as well as asymptomatic
      infections in two others did not affect their normal development. The outbreak
      lasted 15 days; the source of infection and the mode of transmission remained
      unknown. The pathogenesis and importance of human diarrheal disease caused by E.
      coli is reviewed. Enteritis of adults and children due to enteroinvasive (EIEC)
      and enterotoxigenic (ETEC) strains is described. The etiological role of so
      called "enteropathogenic E. coli" (EPEC), rejected increasingly during the past
      decade, has been demonstrated again in recent studies. Routine search for EPEC is
      suggested in cases of infantile enteritis in hospitals and other institutions.

PMID- 377856
TI  - [A fi- tetracyclin resistance plasmid with specific restriction of phages on
      salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi B and S. typhi-murium (author's transl)].
AB  - Among 262 strains of Salmonella typhi from an epidemic outbreak of typhoid fever
      in Baden-Wurttemberg in 1974 2 strains were isolated which were tetracyclin
      resistant and showed no reactions with the Vi testphages T, D6 and VII whilst all
      other strains belonged to lysotype A, subtype Tananarive. It turned out that the
      Tc resistance in both strains was caused by a fi- R plasmid which could be
      transfered to other S. typhi strains, to E. coli K12, S. paratyphi B, S. java and
      S. typhi-murium as well as from Tc resistant E. coli K12 back to S. typhi. The Tc
      R plasmid introduced in S. typhi, lysotype A, caused specific restrictions of
      typing phages T, D6 and VII. Also, the transfer of the plasmids to strains of S.
      paratyphi B and S. typhi-murium resulted in restrictions of a number of typing
      phages. Both plasmids had identical patterns of restriction. In this pattern the
      Tc R plasmid differed from those described in the literature.

PMID- 377858
TI  - Studies on the influence of competitive enterobacteriaceae flora on salmonella
      isolation.

PMID- 377857
TI  - Escherichia coli K antigen.

PMID- 377859
TI  - The antibody response to enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas of patients with
      malignancies complicated by bacteremia.
AB  - The antibody response to the O antigens of the patients' own gram-negative
      bacteria causing bloodstream infection in patients with malignancies was
      investigated using the hemagglutination test. Of the 87 patients, 42 (48%)
      produced specific antibodies in significant titers. Differences were noted
      between the various microorganisms. Of 44 patients with E. coli bacteremia 26
      (59%) had an antibody response, whereas only 5 (33%) out of 15 subjects with
      Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection did. The antibody response of patients with
      solid tumors (61%) was significantly better than that of subjects with RES
      malignancies (30%). Documentation of the humoral immune response of patients to
      isolates from blood cultures excludes laboratory contamination and supports the
      relevance of the isolated microorganisms. Thus, for diagnostic purposes
      documentation of the immunoglobulin response supplements bacteriologic findings.

PMID- 377861
TI  - [Role of S. A. Rachinskii in organizing the trip of Smolensk Guberniya
      inhabitants to Pasteur].

PMID- 377860
TI  - [Microcalorimetric testing of the antibacterial activity of doxycycline,
      gentamicin and their combination (author's transl)].
AB  - The antibacterial activity of doxycycline and gentamicin was tested by
      microcalorimetric methods and by finding out the MIC of these substances, the
      test organisms being Staph. aur. haem. (13.665) and E. coli (3.579). The
      investigations were carried out with the above mentioned substances both alone
      and in combination. A synergistic effect was found with both methods applied, but
      microcalorimetry showed that the combination influences the cell metabolism in
      another way than the individual substances. Another remarkable finding is that
      doxycycline inhibits the microcalorimetric activity of our bacterial strains in
      doses 10 to 100 times lower than found with the standard MIC finding methods.

PMID- 377862
TI  - [Andrei Dmitrievich Ado (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 377863
TI  - [Antilymphocyte immunoglobulin with an associated antibacterial directed effect.
      II. The use of the preparation in the overall therapy of chronic lympholeukemia].
AB  - Use in the composition of complex therapy of patients suffering from chronic
      lympholeukemia of antilymphocytic immunoglobulin with an associated antibacterial
      activity aided normalization of the leukocytic differential count and prevented
      development of inflammatory and septic complications in these patients.

PMID- 377864
TI  - [Biological characteristics of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus].

PMID- 377865
TI  - [Basic results of a survey of natural foci of human diseases in the Amur-Bureya
      portion of the Baikal-Amur mainline].

PMID- 377866
TI  - [Patterns determining the dynamics of the epidemic process in Sonne dysentery and
      its relation to the type of causative agent].
AB  - The results of studying the dynamics of the epidemic process of dysentery, based
      on the data from 3 districts of Moscow, are presented. The study revealed the
      periodicity of 3 years in the course of the epidemic process of dysentery,
      occurring against the background of a considerable predominance of Sh. sonnei,
      biochemical type 2. The use of the cohort method for analyzing the age structure
      of dysentery cases showed the possibility of using this method to find out to
      what extent the epidemic process repeatedly affected the same groups of
      population.

PMID- 377867
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of conglutination and immunoconglutination reactions
      and their participating constituents].
AB  - The difference between the hemolytic and conglutinating properties of equine
      complement was shown by the method of conglutinin and immunoconglutinin titration
      in the author's modification. Different localization of conglutinating antibodies
      (in the supernatant fraction) and conglutinins (in the sediment) in bovine serum
      was revealed by the method of serum fractionation in the stream of carbon
      dioxide. The differences in the localization of conglutinins and immunoglutinins
      (in the sediment and the supernantant fraction respectively), as well as the
      differences in the localization of hemagglutinins and conglutinins in the sera
      (in different fractions) were determined.

PMID- 377868
TI  - [Analysis of merodiploid strains of Sh. flexneri that have lost virulence].
AB  - Episome F'13 introduced into the genome of a virulent Sh. flexneri strain brought
      about changes in a number of properties of the recipient strain. The expression
      of these properties was not connected with the chromosome area allelic to the
      plasmid genome. These changes seem to be induced by the mobilization of the
      chromosome genes of E. coli. The loss of virulence in Sh. flexneri strains
      carrying episome F'13 seemed to be the consequence of two reasons: the
      overlapping of kcpA gene by its dominant avirulent allele and abnormal synthesis
      of cell wall lipopolysaccharide due to the transfer of the mobilized genes from
      the donor strain F'13. When the preliminary mapping of genes on the chromomome
      was made with the use of plasmids, it was found necessary to use F-episomes which
      had no influence on the changes occurring in the phenotypic characteristics of
      the recipient.

PMID- 377870
TI  - [Nonfermenting Gram-negative bacteria. III. Acinetobacter].

PMID- 377871
TI  - [Significance of the ability of E. coli to alter capillary permeability for the
      reproduction of pyelonephritis in mice].
AB  - Experiments in a number of biological models showed that the cultures of E. coli
      isolated from the urine of children with pyelonephritis had a varied spectrum of
      pathogenic properties. Histologically confirmed pyelonephritis induced by
      intravenous infection in CBA mice, treated with 5% glucose by the method of
      Montgomerie et al., correlated with the bacterial adhesiveness to the epithelium
      and the interference with capillary permeability, registered in experiments on
      the pulmonary model with Evans blue used for control. The criterion for the
      development of pyelonephritis in mice, which was based, in the opinion of
      Mintogemerie et al., on the positive results, indicating the presence of the
      infecting agent in the culture obtained by inoculation with the samples of urine
      and kidney tissue, was found to be insufficient, as only 28 out of 45 cultures of
      E. coli isolated from the kidneys coincided with histologically confirmed cases
      of pyelonephritis.

PMID- 377869
TI  - [Search for host specificity systems in Shigella using DD-series phages].
AB  - A total of 712 Shigella strains were studied with the use of dysentery diagnostic
      phages DD II, DD VI and DD VII in order to reveal the systems of host DNA
      specificity. The study comprised 4 tests: mass screening by the intensity of
      phagolytic reaction of phages in various strains; and the determination of the
      parameters of adsorption. As a result, an effective modification and restriction
      systems were revealed in Sh. sonnei 311 with the use of phage DD II.
      Bacteriophage DD VII was effectively restricted in E. coli CK, BB and BB/T4.
      Cross titration showed that the modification and restriction systems of E. coli
      BB and BB/T4 differed from the specificity system of E. coli CK. Phage DD VI had
      an exceptionally broad spectrum of activity and was not sensitive to any known
      restriction system.

PMID- 377872
TI  - [Use of India ink for the purpose of the specific detection of pathogenic
      microorganisms in histological preparations].

PMID- 377873
TI  - [Organization of psychiatric care for the population of Volhynia Guberniya in the
      1st half of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century].

PMID- 377874
TI  - [Nikolai Nikolaevich Timofeev].

PMID- 377875
TI  - The regulatory cysK mutant of S. typhimurium.
AB  - A triazole-resistant mutant, cysK1358, showing novel properties was isolated.
      Biochemical analysis of this strain suggests a regulatory character of the
      cysK1358 mutation. The cysK1358 mutation has a pleiotropic effect: the expression
      of the other gene, cysA, is also altered.

PMID- 377876
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Dezider Maar, M.D., C.Sc. (author's transl)].

PMID- 377877
TI  - [Traumatic defects of finger tips (author's transl)].

PMID- 377878
TI  - Comparison of one daily injection of NPH and crystalline PZI insulins on urinary
      glucose in diabetic children.
AB  - Two one-injection insulin regimens--a combination of intermediate-action NPH
      insulin with regular insulin and a combination of long-acting PZI insulin with
      regular insulin, all of porcine origin and manufactured by Nordisk Insulin
      Laboratories--were compared to a group of 10 juvenile diabetics, each child
      serving as his own control. The results of thrice daily urine tests were recorded
      for periods of 3 months during each regimen and the incidence of glucosuria of
      less than 1% constituted the index used for metabolic control. Although the total
      insulin dose was almost the same with both schemes, it was found that less
      glucose was excreted during the night and early morning with the PZI regimen than
      the NPH regimen, indicating that a single injection of NPH is insufficient for
      good diabetic control.

PMID- 377880
TI  - Evaluation of the gonadotrophic responsiveness of the pituitary to acute and
      prolonged administration of LH/FSH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in normal females
      and males.
AB  - In normal females, the injection of 25 microgram of LH-RH (acute test) induced a
      greater LH and FSH release from the pituitary in the mid-luteal than in the mid
      follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. In normal males, the responsiveness to
      25 microgram LH-RH was greater than that in females at mid-follicular but not at
      the luteal stage. The pituitary response to the prolonged LH-RH infusion (0.21
      microgram/min/8 h) was similar in both phases of the cycle of the females with a
      decline in serum gonadotrophins after the 4th hour and was paralleled by a
      significant increase of plasma oestradiol levels. In males the LH, but not the
      FSH secretion was lower as compared to female subjects, and gonadotrophin levels
      did not show a fall during the infusion. The acute injection of 25 microgram LH
      RH at the end of a prolonged infusion induced the same response in the female
      subjects in both phases of the cycle. In males, the acute test following
      prolonged infusion produced a similar LH secretion, but a lower FSH response than
      in females. The comparison of the acute test alone and that preceded by a
      prolonged LH-RH infusion, demonstrated that, in females, the only significant
      differences consisted of a greater LH secretion in the former test in the mid
      luteal phase. In males there was greater FSH secretion in the acute isolated test
      than when this test was given after the prolonged infusion.

PMID- 377879
TI  - Calcium antagonists and islet function. IX. Is extracellular calcium required for
      insulin release?
AB  - The physiological relevance of extracellular Ca2+ and Mg2+ to the process of
      glucose-induced insulin release is examined in both the isolated perfused rat
      pancreas and rat isolated pancreatic islets. When no Ca2+ is added to the
      perfusion or incubation media, both the initial and late phases of insulin
      release are severely impaired. The effect of Ca2+ deprivation is an immediate and
      immediately reversible phenomenon, although the length of the period of Ca2+
      deprivation prior to stimulation with glucose modulates the severity of the
      impairment in the secretory response. When Mg2+ is omitted from the media, the
      response to glucose occurs precociously and at a higher than normal rate, such a
      facilitation being a rapid phenomenon. When both Ca2+ and Mg2+ are removed from
      the extracellular milieu, the secretory response may occur in a normal fashion,
      except for an earlier onset. The rate of secretion is only reduced after or
      during a prolonged exposure of the endocrine pancreas to media deprived of both
      Ca2+ and Mg2+. The release of insulin evoked by glucose in the absence of Ca2+
      and Mg2+ is enhanced by theophylline, partially inhibited by verapamil, and
      abolished by the Ca2+-chelator EGTA. It is concluded that Mg2+, in physiological
      concentration, exerts an inhibitory effect upon the process of glucose-induced
      insulin release. However, even in the absence of extracellular Mg2+, the
      secretory process remains apparently dependent on the availability of minute
      amounts of extracellular Ca2+.

PMID- 377881
TI  - The plasma FSH and LH response to synthetic LH-RH in normal pre-pubertal and
      early pubertal girls--a re-evaluation.
AB  - A standard LH-RH test (50 microgram/m2) given iv was carried out in 65 normal
      girls, 42 of them pre-pubertal aged from 4 7/12 to 11 years and 23 in the early
      stage of puberty, aged from 9 to 12 9/12 years. The results indicate that in pre
      pubertal girls the basal levels of the plasma gonadotrophins remain steady (LH
      0.6 +/- 0.1 mIU/ml; FSH 0.8 +/- 0.1 mIU/ml, m +/- SD) and that there is a small
      but significant response of LH to LH-RH (1.6 +/- 0.2 mIU/ml). During this period
      the FSH response to LH-RH is very marked (8.0 +/- 1.0 mIU/ml) with a gradual,
      significant decrease seen towards the onset of puberty (6.5 +/- 0.9 mIU/ml, P
      less than 0.001). These results support earlier reports that the LH-RH test is a
      useful tool to evaluate the secretion of pituitary LH and FSH in early childhood.

PMID- 377882
TI  - Endocrine studies and successful treatment in a patient with true
      hermaphroditism.

PMID- 377883
TI  - Growth impairment with elevated somatomedin levels in children with chronic renal
      insufficiency.
AB  - In children with chronic renal insufficiency serum levels of somatomedin measured
      by radioreceptor assay were found to be strikingly elevated and were in the same
      range as in acromegaly in spite of decreased growth. The serum somatomedin level
      was inversely correlated with renal function and children on haemodialysis had
      the highest values. The elevated somatomedin was most likely due to progressive
      destruction of the kidney, the primary catabolic site for somatomedin and other
      polypeptides. After successful transplantation the somatomedin values fell to
      slightly above normal even though growth was still impaired. Using a bioassay
      based on the mitogenic property of somatomedin, a lower than normal rather than
      an increased level was found in chronic renal insufficiency suggesting that in
      uraemia an inhibitor to somatomedin bioactivity was present. It is concluded that
      the cause of the growth failure in chronic renal insufficiency and after
      transplantation is not due to a lack of somatomedin, but an inhibitor to its
      action could be a factor. It would appear that a normal somatomedin may be
      necessary for normal growth, but it is not sufficient.

PMID- 377884
TI  - [Drug therapy of hyperprolactinemia and acromegaly].
AB  - Hyperprolactinemia can be treated medically. Thus all patients with a normal
      sella turcica and those patients with only slight enlargement of the sella
      turcica can be treated medically with the dopaminagonist bromocriptine. This
      treatment is also indicated in paitents with postoperative persisting
      hyperprolactinemia. In contrast to hyperprolactinemia medical therapy of
      acromegaly is still in the experimental stage, through the dopaminagonist
      bromocriptine induces a decrease of growth hormone levels and improvement of the
      disease in many patients with acromegaly.

PMID- 377885
TI  - [Pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism].
AB  - The present concept for the etiology of thyroid disease permits the definition of
      three separate entities occuring with hyperthyroidism: Graves' Disease, Toxic
      Nodular Goitre, Autonomous Adenoma. Physiopathological properties of these
      entities lead to a rational therapeutic strategy for each one of them.

PMID- 377886
TI  - [New viewpoints on the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus].
AB  - Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome characterised primarily by an increase in blood
      glucose and an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Etiologically, it is a
      complex disorder because many different genetic, environmental, immunological,
      metabolic and hormonal influences interact to produce the clinical picture
      diabetes. By introducing HLA typing in diabetes research in the last four years,
      it became possible to clearly distinguish between the juvenile-onset, insulin
      dependent type and the non-insulin-dependent, maturity-onset type of diabetes
      mellitus. On the basis of this and other evidence, at least five nosologically
      distinct types of diabetes can be identified.

PMID- 377887
TI  - [Endocrine pancreas function and diabetes mellitus].
AB  - Carbohydrate metabolism is regulated by the anabolic action of insulin and by the
      catabolic effect of glucagon. Catabolic actions predominate in diabetes mellitus.
      Somatostatin exeits a diabetogenic action by inhibition of insulin release. The
      physiologic role of pancreatic polypeptide is unknown.

PMID- 377888
TI  - [Somatostatin].
AB  - Somatostatin, under physiological conditions, is a regulator of thyroid
      stimulating hormone, growth hormone, pancreatic islet-cell hormones and gastrin.
      In pharmacological dosage, gastric acid output, splanchnic blood flow and plasma
      renin levels, are influenced. A possible therapeutic effect on increased growth
      hormone secretion, disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism, gastroenteropathies
      and renal hypertension, is discussed. The clinical application is limited by the
      short biological half-life of the substance and the unspecific action on several
      organs.

PMID- 377889
TI  - Investigation of prostaglandins for abortion.

PMID- 377890
TI  - FPL 57787 and migraine prophylaxis. A double-blind cross-over study.
AB  - In a double-blind cross-over trial with placebo, FPL 57787, a chromone derivate,
      was tested on 15 patients as a prophylactic against migraine. There was found to
      be no effect.

PMID- 377891
TI  - Transfer of bromocriptine across the blood-brain barrier in man.
AB  - The transfer of 14C-bromocriptine across the blood-brain barrier was studied in
      10 patients using the double indicator single injection method. The extraction
      (E) of bromocriptine was 8 % (quartiles: 6 and 14 %). Based on the results the
      cerebral uptake velocity of bromocriptine was calculated assuming constant
      arterial drug concentration. Its T 1/2 was found to be 12--24 minutes, depending
      on the tissue-blood partition coefficient.

PMID- 377892
TI  - [Roman Arana Iniguez (1909-1977)].

PMID- 377893
TI  - Intracranial aneurysms.
AB  - The modern history of the management of intracranial aneurysm encompasses little
      more than a quarter century. These are seen in 5% routine autopsies and those
      under 2 mm exist in 17% normal adult brain vasculature. One third of strokes are
      SAH and aneurysms account for 70% of these. Aneurysms rupture at a rate of
      12/100.000 population/year, mostly on the 5th, and 6th decades. Given the high
      morbidity and mortality of these (43% from first haemorrhage if untreated),
      surgeons can attempt to avoid rebleeding for a week or more until surgery becomes
      safe and expand the ability to deal safely with most of them regardless of size
      or position. Early surgery has still an unacceptable morbidity and operation is
      usually planned between the 6th and 10th day after the first bleed. Early surgery
      is only indicated when there is a clot and deterioration. Conservative measures
      are reduction of blood pressure and use of antifibrinolysins and some minor
      surgical means whose practicality is still unknown. The recognition of warning
      leaks must be one of the significant factors for future treatment. Several
      surgical adjuncts are of considerable value, i.e., brain shrinking agents,
      microsurgical technique, induced hypotension. Aneurisms are classified as: small
      (less than 12 mm) large or bulbous (12-25 mm) and giant (greater than 25 mm).
      From 326 of small vertebral-basilar aneurysms the results were excellent in 246,
      good in 35, poor in 26 and 19 died. From 71 basilar aneurysms only 6 died, the
      results being excellent in 42, good in 10 and poor in 13. The management of giant
      anterior circulation (Table III) and posterior circulation (Table IV) aneurysms,
      involved various surgical procedures including carotid, middle cerebral,
      vertebral and basilar artery ligation, neck occlusion, wrapping or coating, as an
      overall result the outcome was good in 52 out of 63 gicunt anterior circulation
      giant aneurysms but was bad in 48 out of 91 posterior circulation giant
      aneurysms. The best results were obtained with 7 carotid-cavernous aneurysms (all
      good) and the worse results with 17 giant aneurysms of the basilar trunk at the
      superior cerebellar artery (11 poor, 6 good). A technique for the percutaneous
      occlusion of the basilar artery with a plastic Rommel type tourniquet is
      described (Fig 3). This allows the occlusion under local anesthesia. It has been
      used in 10 cases with 2 deaths STA-MCA by-pass proved to be useful for the
      progressive occlusion of the MCA in 3 cases of giant middle cerebral aneurysms.

PMID- 377894
TI  - [Roman Arana Iniguez (biographical sketch of a disciple)].

PMID- 377895
TI  - Effects of lithium on morphological characteristics of dissociated brain cells in
      culture.
AB  - Lithium chloride was added in 5 and 10 mM concentrations for different periods of
      exposition time to dissociated cultures obtained from chicken embryonic brain.
      When supplementing lithium at day 1 in vitro for five days, a dose-dependent
      decrease in total protein was observed in the cultures as compared to the sodium
      treated controls. Profound reduction was revealed in the length of neuronal
      processes and in the number of neuronal cell bodies by phase contrast microscopy
      and by morphometric means. After exposition of lithium in 10 mM concentration for
      48 h, beside a slight decrease in number of perikaryons, a marked reduction in
      process length of neural elements was observed in the 6-day-old tissue cultures.
      Ultrastructurally, swollen and degenerating nerve processes have been found after
      lithium treatment suggesting a particular sensitivity of these structures to
      lithium ion.

PMID- 377897
TI  - A new gel for intracervical application of prostaglandin E2.
AB  - A new gel-formulation for intracervical application of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)
      has been prepared. As a vehicle for the gel a cross-link starch polymer is used.
      PGE2 substance is added to the starch polymer and after homogenization and
      lyophilization a PGE2 powder is obtained. The powder can be stored at room
      temperature for more than four months without inactivation of the prostaglandin.
      Before clinical application a few ml of saline is added to the powder giving,
      within 30 seconds, an easily-handled ready to use PGE2-gel. Chemical analysis by
      spectrophotometric technique reveals that the amount of unchanged PGE2 is the
      same in the new gel-formulation as in a conventional cellulose gel. In a
      randomized double-blind study the new PGE2-gel was intracervically applied to
      twenty nulliparae before abortion by dilatation and evacuation (D & E). Ten women
      were given a gel containing 0.25 mg PGE2 (PGE2-gel) and ten a gel without PGE2
      (placebo gel). It was found that the PGE2-gel, in contrast to the placebo gel,
      produced a rapid ripening of the cervix facilitating the subsequent D & E. No
      adverse systemic or local reactions were found during or after the treatment.

PMID- 377896
TI  - Ripening of the cervix by intracervical application of PGE2-gel before
      termination of pregnancy with dilatation and evacuation.
AB  - In a randomized double-blind study a viscous gel, containing 0.25 mg
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE2-gel) or without prostaglandin (placebo gel), was applied
      intracervically in twenty-two nulliparous patients just before termination of
      early pregnancy by dilatation and evacuation (D & E). Within twelve hours a
      marked ripening of the cervix was found in all the eleven patients receiving PGE2
      gel. Thus, a significant change in cervical dilatation from mean 5.4 mm to mean
      10.7 mm occurred. Furthermore, a considerable softening of the cervix was
      registered. In the eleven patients receiving placebo gel, no significant changes
      in cervical dilatation or consistency were found. The subsequent D & E was easily
      performed in all patients treated with PGE2-gel. However, in three of the
      patients given placebo gel, D & E was difficult to carry out because of an
      unfavorable cervical state. To eliminate or decrease myometrial activity the
      calcium antagonist nifedipine was given orally to eight patients at application
      and five hours after application of 0.25 mg PGE2-gel. None of the patients
      recognized uterine contractions. However, also in these patients significant
      changes in cervical consistency and dilatation occurred within twelve hours. No
      side effects of the treatment were observed. It is concluded, that a
      preoperative, intracervical single application of 0.25 mg PGE2 seems to be useful
      to ripen the unfavorable cervix before subsequent termination of early pregnancy
      by D & E.

PMID- 377898
TI  - Pharmacodynamic studies with a new progestational substance -- ORG 2969 -- in
      combination with ethinyloestradiol.

PMID- 377899
TI  - Risk factors in endometrial carcinoma with special reference to the use of
      estrogens.

PMID- 377900
TI  - Indoleamine accumulating neurons in the retina of chicken and pigeon. A
      comparison with the dopaminergic neurons.
AB  - Recently a special group of indoleamine accumulating neurons has been described
      in the retina of some mammals and goldfish. These neurons are characterized by
      their ability to accumulate indoleamines, whereby they become visible in the
      fluorescence microscope. They do not show any spontaneuos fluorescence. The
      indoleamine accumulating neurons are in this study shown to be present in the
      retina of chicken and pigeon. Their cell bodies differ from the earlier described
      cell bodies of the same type in other species in being larger and bottle shaped
      instead of round or oval, and in being situated further cutwards in the inner
      nuclear layer. Their terminals ramify in three sublayers in the inner plexiform
      layer. No indoleamine containing neurons could, however, be seen to fluoresce in
      normal retina of chick embryos, newborn chicken, older chicken or pigeons.

PMID- 377902
TI  - Mastoid obliteration.
AB  - Mastoid obliteration is recommended as a routine procedure in all mastoid
      surgery. Bone chips from the mastoid tip, bone pate from the cortical bone and
      lyophilized dura can all be employed effectively to fill the epitympanic space
      and Traumann's triangle. The former annulus is reconstructed using lyodura and
      periost-bearing bone and the canal wall is fortified and the cavity filled with
      the metally based postauricular musculoperiosteal flap. Any remaining cavity is
      filled with bone chips and bone pate.

PMID- 377901
TI  - Early postoperative changes in graft thickness after penetrating keratoplasty.
      Influence of host corneal disorder on time course.
AB  - In 172 patients the thickness of the corneal graft was followed with frequent
      measurements during the first 14 days after operation. Three different graft
      thickness time courses were observed. Patients with keratitis, stromal dystrophy
      and corrosion or mechanical lesion showed a secondary rise in graft thickness on
      the 6th postoperative day, while patients with keratoconus and those treated with
      tranexamic acid showed no rise on the 6th day. Patients with Fuchs' dystrophy
      differed from the other groups in not reaching the maximal thickness until the
      3rd postoperative day. The possible correlation of these three time courses with
      changes in the fibrinolytic system is discussed.

PMID- 377903
TI  - Lymphocytes of adenoid tissue.
AB  - Adenoid tissue was obtained at operation from 27 children admitted for
      adenoidectomy and from 6 controls. The occurrence of cells with cytoplasmic
      immunoglobulin was studied semiquantitatively by immunofluorescence microscopy of
      tissue sections, by which localization, number of cells and class of
      immunoglobulin were determined. No differences were found between patients and
      controls. Cells isolated from adenoid tissue were compared with mononuclear
      leukocytes obtained from the blood. More B lymphocytes were found in the tissue,
      in particular IgM-carrying cells. This was more pronounced in the patient group.
      Cells were stimulated in culture with polyclonal activators and microbial
      antigens. The response of adenoid lymphocytes to Haemophilus influenzae (HI) was
      high in 7/27 patients; all patients in whom throat culture was positive for HI
      were low responders.

PMID- 377904
TI  - Immunoglobulin-producing cells in clinically normal, hyperplastic and inflamed
      human palatine tonsils.
AB  - Patients suffering from recurrent tonsillitis (RT), hyperplastic tonsillitis
      (HT), or idopathic tonsillar hyperplasia (ITH) were compared in immunological
      studies with subjects showing clinically normal tonsils. Serum concentration of
      immunoglobulins, particularly IgG, were found to be increased in association with
      tonsillitis. Conversely, the number of IgG-, IgA- and IgM-producing immunocytes
      per tissue unit was reduced in the germinal centres of lymphoid follicles, in the
      extrafollicular areas, and in the reticular parts of the crypt epithelium. The
      overall percentage distribution of these cells was normally 65:30:3.5:1.2 for the
      IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD classes, respectively. In RT these figures were
      53:39:4.7:4.4; in HT, 67:25:4.0:4.5; and in IHT, 50 : 33 : 7.2 : 10. Thus, there
      were only small alterations in the immunocyte class proportions, except for a
      significant relative increase in IgD-producing cells. The results indicate that
      there is a functional defect of the tonsils in association with disease. The
      relative accumulation of IgD cells is probably explained by an inadequate local
      maturational process in B-cell system, altough some influence of low age cannot
      be excluded in the HT and ITH groups.

PMID- 377905
TI  - Immunohistochemical studies on the epithelial and lymphoid components of
      Warthin's tumour.
AB  - The lymphoid and epithelial elements of three Warthin's tumours (adenolymphomas)
      were studied by immunohistochemical technique. All classes of immunoglobulin (Ig)
      producing cells were found, except IgE immunocytes. The numbers of cells/mm2
      section area (median and range) were: 20.4 (15.2--27.2), 4.8 (2.8--12.4). 4.8
      (0.4--9.6) and O (0--1.2) for IgG-, IgA-, IgM- and IgD-producing cells
      respectively. This gives percentage class ratios (68:16:16:0) which are quite
      different from those found in normal parotid tissue (3.6:91:3.1:2.6). Thus, the
      immunocytes found in Warthin's tumour are clearly polyclonal and show a class
      distribution comparable to that of lymphoid organs such as the tonsils. Also as
      in such organs, there were lymphoid follicles with mantle zone of B lymphocytes
      bearing membrane-bound IgM and IgD, and germinal centres showing reticular IgM
      staining. Apical staining for IgA and secretory component (SC) was shown in the
      luminal cells of the tumour epithelium, giving a fluorescence pattern similar to
      that of normal striated ducts. Selective transport of IgA apparently taken place
      into the cystic spaces of the tumour. Carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), normally
      absent from striated ducts, was not generally present in the tumour epithelium,
      but was found in small groups of cells, especially in papilliferous parts of the
      epithelium. Warthin's tumour therefore seems to be composed of a fairly inactive
      normal lymphoreticular tissue and a neoplastic duct epithelium, most of which is
      highly differentiated with retention of immunoglobulin transport.

PMID- 377906
TI  - Heredo-ataxia and cochleo-vestibular disorders.
AB  - Cochleo-vestibular dysfunction of patients suffering from a heredo-ataxia, have
      been frequently described. A family and a single case are presented, which show
      the association of a heredo-ataxia, more specifically the Roussy-Levy syndrome,
      progressive sensorineural loss, nystagmus and vestibular a- or hyporeflexia. A
      review of the literature is included and the standpoints concerning the
      nosological entities are discussed.

PMID- 377907
TI  - Obituary. Albert Lambrechts.

PMID- 377908
TI  - The digestion of albumin, gliadin and beta-lactoglobulin by pepsin, trypsin and
      pancreatic extract.

PMID- 377909
TI  - Masugi nephritis in T cell-depleted state. Influence of adult thymectomy and anti
      thymocyte serum.
AB  - The effects of surgical removal of the thymus or the administration of antiserum
      to thymus-derived lymphocytes on the development of Masugi nephritis were
      investigated in Wistar rats. While thymectomy at weaning (ATx) had no significant
      effect on the humoral antibody response to injected rabbit IgG, repeated
      injections of rabbit anti-rat thymocyte serum (ATS) suppressed it remarkably.
      Both treatments did not show morphological evidences that glomerular inflammation
      and injury were suppressed in the autologous phase of Masugi nephritis.
      Glomerular lesions in rats receiving the nephrotoxic serum (NTS) one month after
      ATx (ATx-1+NTS) appeared to be severer in hypercellularity, mitotic counts, the
      amount of deposited fibrin-related substances and crescent formation than those
      in other nephritic groups. Morphological study of ATS+NTS rats revealed that the
      glomerular changes were nearly equal to those of NTS-injected control rats, in
      spite of markedly suppressed humoral response to injected rabbit IgG and the
      absence of host IgG along the glomerular capillary walls.

PMID- 377911
TI  - Comparative effects of centrophenoxine on the picrotoxin convulsive-seizure
      threshold in non-irradiated and irradiated mice.
AB  - A comparative study is made of the effect of centrophenoxine (CP) on the
      picrotoxin convulsive-seizure threshold (PCST) in non-irradiated and irradiated 3
      and 7 days previously male mice. It is found that the CP appliked
      intracerebroventricularly in doses of 200 and 400 micrograms/mouse (weight 18-22
      g), increases PCST. In non-irradiated mice the PCST-increasing effect of CP
      occurs rapidly (5 min) and it is brief (it can be observed until the 15th min).
      When the irradiation is performed three days previously, the PCST-increasing
      effect of CP is prolonged (it is observed until the 6th hour after its
      application). When the irradiation is performed seven days previously the
      characteristic features of the PCST-increasing effect of CP are similar to those
      in the early stage (3 days), the only difference being that the duration of the
      effect is prolonged to 120 min. Generally, these specificities of the CP effect
      are valid for all three phases of the convulsive seizure (general excitation,
      clonic convulsive seizure and tonic convulsive seizure.

PMID- 377910
TI  - Widespread eczema vaccinatum acquired by contacts. A report of an autopsy case.
AB  - A 4-month-old male infant predisposed to allergic dermatitis acquired wide-spread
      eczema vaccinatum by contacts with a recently vaccinated sibling. He died of
      acute purulent peritonitis following a perforation of multiple duodenal ulcers.
      Fluorescence immunocytochemical and electron microscopic studies on the skin
      lesions revealed the presence of viral antigens and numerous virus particles
      compatible morphologically with those of the mature form from the same batch of
      smallpox vaccine given to the sibling. A large number of virus particles in the
      developmental form were also predominantly scattered in the cytoplasm of cells at
      the stratum malpighii of the epidermis as well as in neutrophils and macrophages
      in the skin lesions. The virus isolation from the skin lesions was done by using
      the HeLa cells and the human embryonic lung fibroblasts. No abnormal laboratory
      data were noted in immunoglobulins. On the basis of atrophy of the thymus and
      other lymphatic tissues and an appearance of large pyroninophilic cells in
      association with blastoid transformation, the authors discussed a possible
      participation of the disturbance of cellular immunity secondary to the virus
      infection in the development of the disease.

PMID- 377912
TI  - [In memoriam Dr. Enrique Luis Berard].

PMID- 377913
TI  - [Towards a more experiential therapy].

PMID- 377914
TI  - [Development of psychiatric care in semi-urban and rural areas of Costa Rica].
AB  - Information is given concerning the historical background of Psychiatric Services
      in Costa Rica. These services have been rendered since the year 1890 when a
      European style Asylum was opened in San Jose, the Capital City. The first
      residency program in Psichiatry begun in the early sixties with its projection
      into Community Psychiatry during the third year of training as well as the first
      actions trying to demonstrate to the administrators the usefullness and extension
      of Mental Health programmes for the future of the country. The residency training
      program evolved into a national program offering psychiatric assistance
      throughout the country. Seven out-patient facilities in the metropolitan area
      plus eleven out-patient facilities in semi-urban and rural areas were founded. To
      motivate the newly graduated psychiatrists to accept their designation in smaller
      towns and villages for a full time work was possible because of the experience
      that they had in Community Psychiatry during their training, there was a clear
      understanding when signing for the residency programme that at least for two
      years, they would work in the provinces. A closed relationship after their
      training with the National Psychiatric Hospital and the Coordination of National
      Psychiatric Services was kept. In the local, semi-rural communities, the
      Psychiatrists can hospitalize their train-in local general Hospitals and work
      closely with the rest of the medical staff.

PMID- 377915
TI  - Bone maturation in children with chronic renal failure. Effect of 1 alpha-hydroxy
      vitamin D3 and renal transplantation.
AB  - In 8 of 11 children with terminal chronic renal failure, bone age was retarded 6
      months to 3 years. During hemodialysis the bone maturation rate decreased. 1
      alpha-OH vitamin D3 treatment and renal transplantation normalized the bone
      maturation rate.

PMID- 377916
TI  - Left ventricular function in chronic uremia treated with repeated dialyses and
      kidney transplantation on the basis of polycardiography.

PMID- 377917
TI  - Syncope caused by lithium treatment. Report on two cases and a prospective
      investigation of the prevalence of lithium-induced sinus node dysfunction.
AB  - Lithium salts have been widely used for several years in the treatment of manic
      depressive psychosis. Various side-effects of lithium salts have been described.
      The present case report present two patients in whom sinus node dysfunction
      leading to syncope was caused by lithium. One of the cases showed signs of
      depressed sinus node function even when not on lithium, but no symptoms arose
      until lithium treatment was commenced. The second case showed no signs of
      depressed sinus node function when lithium was withdrawn. To study the prevalence
      of sinus node dysfunction in patients on lithium therapy, 97 consecutive patients
      on lithium were examined. The examination included case history, ECG and carotid
      massage. In two patients lithium could not be ruled out as being responsible for
      sinus node depression and in one patient the same was true for the
      atrioventricular node. None of these patients had any symptoms. It is concluded
      that lithium treatment may result in sinus node dysfunction. This side-effect is,
      however, not common. Lithium treatment can obviously be instituted in all
      patients without a history suggesting sinus node dysfunction. Patients with a
      history of dizziness and/or syncope should not be given lithium until thorough
      cardiological examination has been carried out. Likewise, a cardiological
      examination should be performed if patients on lithium develop symptoms of this
      type.

PMID- 377918
TI  - Glossary of neurotraumatology. About 200 neurotraumatological terms and their
      definitions in English, German, Spanish, and French.

PMID- 377919
TI  - Obituary: Wilhelm Tonnis, 1898-1978.

PMID- 377920
TI  - Permanent ventriculostomy in cats. Technical note.

PMID- 377921
TI  - [Andres Laguna 1494-1560].

PMID- 377922
TI  - [Clinico-bacteriologic study of an outbreak of Enterobacter-Serratia infection].

PMID- 377924
TI  - X-ray diffraction studies of helical biopolymers and biological structures.

PMID- 377923
TI  - [Emphysematous pyonephrosis].

PMID- 377925
TI  - Interaction of proteins with amphiphilic substances.

PMID- 377926
TI  - Cyclic nucleotide and protein kinase immunocytochemistry.

PMID- 377927
TI  - Assay of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases.

PMID- 377928
TI  - Allergic respiratory diseases and aerobiology.

PMID- 377929
TI  - The UGDP and the FDA audit.

PMID- 377930
TI  - The prevention and treatment of bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 377932
TI  - Propranolol in angina pectoris: duration of improved exercise tolerance and
      circulatory effects after acute oral administration.
AB  - The duration of the effects of single oral doses of 80 and 160 mg of propranolol
      was studied in 11 patients with stable, exercise-induced angina pectoris. After
      administration of both doses, plasma propranolol levels peaked at 2 hours in 8 of
      the 11 patients and thereafter declined exponentially with an average plasma half
      life of 3.98 hours (range 1.4 to 4.3) after the 80 mg dose and 4.28 hours (range
      1.9 to 5.4) after the 160 mg dose. There was wide interindividual variation in
      plasma propranolol concentration at any given time after each dose. Treadmill
      walking time to the onset of angina, the total duration of exercise and the total
      external work performed were significantly greater by 1 hour after each dose of
      propranolol than after placebo. This improvement in exercise tolerance persisted
      unchanged for 8 hours (P less than 0.001) and was still significant although less
      marked at 12 hours (P less than 0.05). Improvement in exercise tolerance after
      propranolol was associated with a significant reduction in S-T segment depression
      during exercise. Both at rest and during exercise, heart rate, systolic blood
      pressure and rate-pressure product decreased after propranolol, and these
      circulatory effects persisted for 12 hours. Changes in walking time, heart rate
      and systolic blood pressure were similar after 80 and 160 mg of propranolol.
      Despite the increase in exercise duration and in total work performed after
      propranolol, the rate-pressure product at the onset of angina was lower after
      propranolol. In view of the prolonged effects of single oral doses of 80 and 160
      mg of propranolol, it is suggested that administration of propranolol twice daily
      should be adequate in treating patients with stable angina pectoris. These
      studies also demonstrate that routine measurement of plasma propranolol levels is
      of little practical value in the management of patients with angina pectoris.

PMID- 377931
TI  - Low-dose heparin: is the risk worth the benefit?

PMID- 377933
TI  - Indications for surgical replacement of the mitral valve. With particular
      reference to common and uncommon causes of mitral regurgitation.
AB  - Mitral valve replacement is considered when there is severe mitral stenosis,
      severe mitral insufficiency or a combination of the two. Ordinarily, surgical
      replacement is considered only for patients who are in functional classes III or
      IV and do not respond to medical management. Patients with symptomatic mitral
      stenosis should be treated with mitral commissurotomy whenever possible. Patients
      selected for commissurotomy should have a pliable valve, no other major valve
      dysfunction, sinus rhythm, no systemic embolism and good left ventricular
      function. Early operation is not ordinarily required. Mitral insufficiency may
      require mitral valve replacement in six rather common settings: rheumatic
      disease, rupture of mitral chordae tendineae, postinfarction rupture of a
      papillary muscle, intractable infective endocarditis, floppy mitral valve and
      malfunction of a prosthetic valve. Rupture of mitral chordae tendineae can
      usually be recognized from the history, physical examination, echocardiogram and
      angiocardiogram. Severe left ventricular papillary muscle dysfunction is usually
      due to cardiac infarction, and occurs within the first 9 days of infarction. When
      only a papillary muscle tip is ruptured the patient may survive long enough for a
      mitral valve replacement. In infective endocarditis, operation is more often
      needed because of congestive heart failure than because of refractory infection.
      Evidence of mitral stenosis or insufficiency in a patient with a previously
      implanted prosthetic valve usually indicates an urgent need for study and early
      operation. Uncommon causes of mitral incompetence that may require valve
      replacement are endocardial fibroelastosis, Marfan's syndrome, calcified mitral
      anulus, osteogenesis imperfecta, methysergide-induced heart disease and carcinoid
      heart disease.

PMID- 377934
TI  - Small vessel disease of the heart resulting in myocardial necrosis and death
      despite angiographically normal coronary arteries.
AB  - A 46 year old man who had undergone cardiac transplantation 1 year previously had
      progressive congestive heart failure without evidence of cardiac rejection.
      Cardiac catheterization and angiography revealed a reduced ejection fraction and
      cardiac output caused by diffuse left ventricular hypokinesia, but the epicardial
      coronary arteries were widely patent. The transit time of injected contrast
      material across the coronary arterial tree was greatly slowed. Within a few days
      cardiogenic shock and death occurred. The large epicardial coronary vessels were
      grossly patent at autopsy, although nonstenosing arteriosclerotic plaques were
      identifiable histologically. However, intramyocardial vessels showed severe
      arteriosclerotic narrowing, resulting in multiple, diffuse microinfarcts.

PMID- 377935
TI  - McCollum Award. Samuel J. Fomon, M.D.

PMID- 377936
TI  - Some effects of deoxycholate administration on the metabolism of cholesterol in
      man.
AB  - Hypercholesterolemic subjects in a metabolic ward were kept under uniform dietary
      conditions until constant levels of serum cholesterol were observed. Oral dosage
      with deoxycholate (1.5 to 3 g daily for a period of 4 to 10 weeks) resulted in a
      marked reduction of serum cholesterol concentration. Studies with 14C-labeled
      cholesterol demonstrated that deoxycholate administration decreased absorption of
      cholesterol from the human intestinal tract. In these subjects, the turnover rate
      of serum cholesterol was more rapid during therapy with deoxycholate than during
      control periods. Deoxycholate appeared to influence the intestinal flora as
      assessed indirectly by analysis of the types of neutral sterols eliminated with
      the feces. Decreased synthesis of cholesterol during deoxycholate administration
      uas demonstrated in a study with 14C-mevalonate. It is concluded that deoxycholic
      acid can have an important role in the regulation of cholesterol metabolism in
      humans.

PMID- 377937
TI  - Pangamic acid ("vitamin B15").

PMID- 377938
TI  - An improved histochemical method for detection of estrogen receptors in mammary
      cancer. Comparison with biochemical assay.
AB  - Unselected, consecutive surgical specimens from 120 women with cancer of the
      breast were subjected to histochemical assay for the presence of estrogen
      receptor. A fluoresceinated bovine serum albumin--estradiol conjugate was used
      that linked estradiol at position 17 and contained 5 mol fluorescein and 4 mol
      estradiol per mole albumin. Simultaneous competitive binding studies with excess
      unlabeled estradiol, diethylstilbestrol, and the antiestrogen nitromifene citrate
      were regularly performed. Results were compared to those obtained by the dextran
      coated charcoal receptor assay. Three specimens were necrotic, two others thawed,
      and two lacked sufficient protein for biochemical analysis. One specimen did not
      contain tumor, and 11 others showed a predominant nuclear staining pattern.
      Nuclear receptor was not assayed biochemically. Comparison of results in the
      remaining 101 cases showed agreement in 92%. The precedure is uncomplicated,
      economical, and could be performed and interpreted in any pathology laboratory.

PMID- 377939
TI  - Erroneous thyroid-stimulating hormone radioimmunoassay results due to interfering
      antibovine thyroid-stimulating hormone antibodies.
AB  - Apparent elevation of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels was found in
      a case of a patient receiving adequate replacement therapy after thyroidectomy
      for a follicular carcinoma. This was an artifact due to interference with the
      radioimmunoassay by circulating antibovine TSH antibodies. The double-antibody
      technic showed spuriously elevated levels, and the single-antibody technic showed
      low levels of serum TSH by radioimmunoassay in the presence of antibodies.

PMID- 377940
TI  - Incidental medullary thyroid carcinoma in sporadic hyperparathyroidism. An
      expansion of the concept of C-cell hyperplasia.
AB  - Two patients with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism were found to harbor tiny
      medullary thyroid carcinomas. In addition, parafollicular-cell hyperplasia was
      recognized in one of these thyroids by the use of immunoperoxidase stain to
      localize calcitonin. The possible relationships between these lesions are
      discussed.

PMID- 377941
TI  - Phytohemagglutinin activation of lymphocytes--quantitative comparison of
      different preparations.

PMID- 377942
TI  - The histopathology of enteric infection with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.
AB  - The gross and microscopic pathologic changes in 70 cases of serologically proven
      enteric infections with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis are presented. The highest
      incidence was in young males, and the commonest infecting organism belonged to
      serologic O-group I. Clinically, the illness resembled acute appendicitis, but
      the most consistent finding at laparotomy was mesentric lymphadenitis. Surgical
      specimens examined included 69 mesenteric lymph nodes, 18 appendices, five
      terminal ileums, and two ascending colons. Histologically, four stages of the
      disease were identified, leading to the formation of characteristic granulomas
      with central necrosis and microabscess formation. Ulceration of the intestinal
      and appendicular mucosa may occur. The illness usually runs a benign course, and
      antibiotic treatment is rarely necessary. The pathogenesis and differential
      diagnosis are discussed with reference to the current literature.

PMID- 377943
TI  - Correlations of immunologic markers with histologic features of human non
      Hodgkin's lymphomas.
AB  - Twenty-five lymph nodes from patients with non-Hodgkin's lymohomas were evaluated
      by immunologic technics applied to cell suspensions and tissue sections.
      Malignant lymphomas with cytologic characteristics similar to those of neoplastic
      cells were found to be immunologically heterogeneous. The distribution as well as
      the number of neoplastic cells with distinctive immunologic surface markers could
      not be related to the cytologic type of malignant lymphomas. The number of
      malignant cells simultaneously expressing the T- and B-cell markers was increased
      in malignant lymphoma nodes. Cells positive for the triple markers (Ig+, EAC+,
      T+, where Ig = immunoglobulin, EAC = erythrocytes sensitized with antibody and
      complement, and T = T marker) represented the predominant population in these
      nodes, and the distributions of these cells were useful in diagnosis. Monoclonal
      immunoglobulins were detected in all lymphoma cells but not in the patients'
      sera. The tissue distribution of EAC-positive cells may have a prognostic
      significance. The paucity of cells with the Fc receptors was a characteristic
      feature of all lymphoma cells studied. Evaluations  of immunologic markers on
      lymphoma cells in conjunction with the histologic characteristics may provide a
      sounder basis for diagnosis.

PMID- 377944
TI  - Pituitary microadenoma and primary lymphoma of brain associated with hypothalamic
      invasion.
AB  - A case of primary histiocytic lymphoma involving the left temporal lobe and
      hypothalamus is presented. This lesion was associated with a pituitary
      microadenoma shown immunohistochemically to contain prolactin and with
      lactational changes in the breasts. The interruption by the neoplasm of neural
      pathways from cells producing prolactin inhibitory factor in the hypothalamus and
      increased production of prolactin by the pituitary are suggested as the probable
      mechanism. The association of lactational changes in the breasts with primary
      lymphoma of the brain has not been reported.

PMID- 377945
TI  - In memoriam. Hamilton Rodell Fishback, Sr., M.D.

PMID- 377946
TI  - Algorithm-derived, computer-generated interpretive comments in the reporting of
      laboratory tests.
AB  - The volume of laboratory and other data that physicians encounter daily is more
      than most can mentally process without oversight or error. Routine use of
      computer-generated reminders is one solution to this problem that is now widely
      suggested. We report our experience with the daily use of a user-written program
      of algorithm-derived, computer-generated comments in the reporting of chemical
      profiles and routine thyroid function tests in a busy medium-sized privately
      owned independent clinical laboratory.

PMID- 377948
TI  - Late deoxyribonuclease activity of Salmonell enteritidis.
AB  - As a result of chance observations, the authors studied for deoxyribonuclease
      activity 16 strains of Salmonella, including six fresh isolates and ten stock
      cultures, with positive results in 13. Reactions characteristically occurred at
      48 hours or later, with the majority being manifest at 72 hours and the latest at
      six days. No other positive reaction was observed among approximately 7,000
      Enterobacteriaceae tested, except for Serratia species and Proteus vulgaris.
      Deoxyribonuclease screening plates for Serratia should be read at 24 hours, and
      positive results encountered after that time should be interpreted with caution
      to ensure that H2S-negative strains of Salmonella will not be confused with other
      genera of Enterobacteriaceae.

PMID- 377947
TI  - Small-colony forms of enteric bacteria after exposure to aminoglycosides.
AB  - Small colony forms of enteric bacteria were isolated in vitro after exposure of
      near-lethal amounts of aminoglycosides. These small-colony forms were several
      times more resistant to all aminoglycosides than the parent clones. A small form
      of Escherichia coli was isolated directly from a clinical specimen, along with a
      more sensitive larger colony.

PMID- 377949
TI  - Fluorescent Vi antibody test in the screening of typhoid carriers.
AB  - The comparative efficacies of direct bacterial agglutination and
      immunofluorescent antibody for the estimation of serum Vi antibody were
      determined in the detection of typhoid carriers. Sera from all 12 typhoid
      carriers gave significant titers of 1/10 or more in the direct bacterial
      agglutination test; however, 26 of 119 (21.8%) sera from culture-negative
      individuals were also falsely positive. In the fluorescent Vi antibody test, 11
      of 12 typhoid carriers showed significant serum antibody levels, while only two
      of 119 (1.7%) culture-negative subjects had significant antibody titers. In view
      of the much lower false-positive rate, the immunofluorescent Vi antibody test is
      considered to be superior to the direct bacterial agglutination test in the
      screening of typhoid carriers.

PMID- 377950
TI  - Congress (and evaluators) ought to pay more attention to history.
AB  - In 1935, in 1965, and in 1972, the original Social Security Act and amendments to
      it were used by states to deinstitutionalize. In each instance a private, profit
      making nursing home and board and care industry was stimulated. Poor care in such
      facilities was an unintended consequence of the legislation. Neither the Congress
      nor evaluators have clear concepts of what constitutes a life of decency and
      dignity for the chronically dependent. Behaviorally oriented social scientists
      and legislators have in common the difficulty of dealing with soft variables such
      as decency and dignity. In the absence of clear goals, care drifts below a lower
      threshold of acceptability and is corrected to some extent following public
      scandal. Social scientists need to learn to develop concepts and measurements
      suitable to monitoring the implementation of humane ideals.

PMID- 377951
TI  - Neurohypophyseal regulation of the exocrine pancreas. A review.

PMID- 377952
TI  - Re: "antitoxin responses in the elderly to tetanus-diphtheria (td) immunization".

PMID- 377953
TI  - Relapse following marrow transplantation for acute leukemia.

PMID- 377954
TI  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation and related syndromes: etiology,
      pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.
AB  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is being recognized with increased
      frequency and not only are newer diagnostic modalities becoming available for
      this syndrome, but newer, some controversial, methods of management are also
      being recognized and may prove to increase survival in DIC. In addition, several
      syndromes classically considered separate, definitive disease entities, may
      actually share similar or identical pathophysiology to DIC. This review
      summarized current, as well as controversial aspects of etiology,
      pathophysiology, clinical and laboratory diagnosis, and management of DIC. In
      addition, a brief discussion of syndromes which may share similar or identical
      pathophysiology to DIC is included.

PMID- 377955
TI  - A simplified [3H] serotonin release assay for the detection of platelet
      antibodies.
AB  - The [3H] platelet serotonin release assay is a sensitive means for detecting
      antiplatelet antibodies. We have found that by using prelabeled frozen platelets
      which have been treated with the cryoprotective agent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
      the performance of this assay can be facilitated without interfering with its
      sensitivity. There was 100% correlation between the standard [3H] platelet
      serotonin release assay using fresh platelets and the modified assay using
      prelabeled, frozen, cryopreserved platelets when sera from 12 patients with known
      antiplatelet antibodies were tested. When normal serum samples (n = 111) were
      tested against ten platelet donors, a false-positive rate of 3.9% was observed.
      This modification provides a simple means for quickly screening large numbers of
      potential platelet donors at one time.

PMID- 377956
TI  - Emil Heitz and the concept of heterochromatin: longitudinal chromosome
      differentiation was recognized fifty years ago.
AB  - The work of Emil Heitz (1892--1965) laid one of the keystones of cytogenetics.
      Using a new in situ method, he established between 1928 and 1935 the longitudinal
      differentiation of chromosomes in euchromatin (genetically active) and
      heterochromatin (genetically inert). He recognized the association of satellited
      chromosomes with the formation of the nucleolus, co-discovered the giant salivary
      chromosomes of diptera, and arrived at a cytological and genetic concept of
      chromosome structure that has been found essentially correct to date. Yet, Emil
      Heitz did not gain due recognition by his contemporaries, suffered from the
      political disturbances of his time, and spent almost a lifetime in isolation,
      bolstered only by the conviction that his scientific work was significant.

PMID- 377959
TI  - Roster of residents in training programs accredited by the American Society of
      Hospital Pharmacists--calendar year 1978.

PMID- 377958
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: antirheumatic agents.
AB  - The pathophysiology, symptoms and drug treatment of rheumatic disease are
      reviewed. Antirheumatic drugs reviewed are salicylates (including aspirin, sodium
      salicylate, choline salicylate, choline magnesium salicylate, salsalate),
      phenylpropionic acid derivatives (fenoprofen, ibuprofen, naproxen), indole
      derivatives (sulindac, tolmetin and indomethacin), pyrazolone derivatives
      (phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone), gold compounds, penicillamine, antimalarials
      mefenamic acid, corticosteroids and immunosuppressives. Simple analgesic therapy
      (acetaminophen, aspirin, propoxyphene) is used in the early stage of the disease.
      As the disease progresses, aspirin remains the drug of choice for
      antiinflammatory activity but the phenylpropionic acid or indole derivatives may
      be preferred in patients unable to tolerate salicylates. If such nonsteroidal
      antiinflammatory agents are not effective, parenteral therapy with gold compounds
      or oral penicillamine usually is indicated. Indomethacin or phenylbutazone, then
      antimalarials, are resorted to next. Corticosteroids or immunosuppressives are
      reserved for patients who are unsuccessfully controlled or who have major side
      effects with the other drugs. Mefenamic acid occupies a very secondary place in
      rheumatoid arthritis treatment.

PMID- 377957
TI  - The biochemical genetics of the hexosaminidase system in man.
AB  - Tay-Sachs disease and related GM2 ganglioside storage disorders result from the
      absence of one form of hexosaminidase, HEX A. The persistence of a second major
      hexosaminidase isozyme, HEX B, does not protect against the lethal accumulation
      of GM2 ganglioside in the central nervous system. Using immunologic and
      biochemical techniques, it has been demonstrated that the two major isozymes of
      hexosaminidase, HEX A and HEX B, share a common subunit, the structure of HEX A
      being designated (alpha beta)n and the structure of HEX B being designated as
      (beta2)n. The minor isozyme, HEX S, is an alpha chain homopolymer designated
      (alpha2)n, and HEX C seems unrelated to the HEX A, B, S system. The structures of
      other minor isozymes have not been totally resolved, but HEX I1, I2, and P (which
      may be identical to I2) appear to represent forms of HEX B.

PMID- 377960
TI  - A case history of training outside the hospital and its future.

PMID- 377961
TI  - An evaluation of diabetic and pseudodiabetic glomerulosclerosis.
AB  - Diabetic glomerulosclerosis must be either a primary manifestation or a secondary
      consequence of the metabolic abnormalities of diabetes. Several earlier reports
      have attempted to support the former hypothesis by describing cases of
      pathognomonic renal lesions in nondiabetic subjects; however, the clinical and
      pathologic data in these reports are inconclusive. We have reviewed our
      experience at the University of Virginia Hospital with 447 percutaneous renal
      biopsies performed over a period of four years from July 1973 through July 1977.
      Of these cases, only two appeared to represent diabetic glomerulosclerosis
      occurring in nondiabetic subjects. Upon further investigation, one case provided
      to be light chain disease demonstrated by immunofluorescence staining. The other
      case, on repeat renal biopsy, proved to be membranoproliferative
      glomerulonephritis. We conclude that a diagnosis of diabetic glomerulosclerosis
      must be viewed with suspicion in nondiabetic subjects. Suspected cases should be
      labeled pseudodiabetic glomerulosclerosis and investigated further.

PMID- 377962
TI  - Classics in clinical science: James L. Gamble and "Gamblegrams".

PMID- 377963
TI  - Mucocutaneous candidiasis and thymoma.
AB  - The clinical, pathologic and immunologic features of 27 patients with chronic
      mucocutaneous candidiasis and thymic tumors are reviewed. This form of chronic
      candidiasis is unique in that the infections do not occur until after the third
      decade and, in contrast to patients in whom candidiasis develops during infancy
      or childhood, it is not accompanied by failure of endocrine organs. Instead, the
      patients have the disorders that often accompany thymoma, such as myasthenia
      gravis, hypogammaglobulinemia, and abnormalities of the bone marrow and
      circulating blood elements. Evidence of impaired cell-mediated immunity was found
      in 16 of the 21 patients in whom studies were made. The pathogenesis of the
      immunodeficiency in these patients is unknown. Immunosuppressive activities in
      the plasma of four patients were found, but none of the five patients in whom the
      appropriate studies were made was found to have suppressor cells. The features of
      this disorder are unique enough that it should be considered a syndrome, and
      patients in whom candidiasis develops during their adult years should be studied
      for the presence of thymoma.

PMID- 377964
TI  - The impact of hospitalization on the aerobic fecal microflora.
AB  - Quantitative bacteriological analysis of the aerobic fecal microflora of 75
      patients indicated that, at the time of admission to hospital, Escherichia coli
      were the predominant fecal aerotolerant bacteria. Subsequent fecal samples showed
      a progressive supplantation of E coli by Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Proteus. At
      the end of 21 days of hospitalization, E coli remained predominant in only 30
      patients. None of the patients had received antibiotics, undergone surgery or
      been subjected to x-ray studies of the gastrointestinal tract. The cause of the
      change of fecal flora in these patients is unknown, and no change of flora was
      observed in a control group of nonhospitalized persons, also studied for 21 days.
      The appearance of Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Proteus as predominant in the
      fecal flora of hospitalized patients may be an important factor in the natural
      history of hospital-associated infections.

PMID- 377965
TI  - The use of exchange transfusions: a potentially useful adjunct in the treatment
      of fulminant falciparum malaria.
AB  - Fulminant falciparum malaria with greater than 500,000/mm3 parasites in the
      peripheral blood portends a poor prognosis. We recently managed a patient who had
      greater than 1.2 million/mm3 parasitized erythrocytes in her peripheral blood,
      following initially inadequate antimalarial therapy, with exchange transfusion in
      addition to conventional chemotherapy. This patient recovered from her disease
      despite severe cerebral involvement and acute failure. We feel that exchange
      transfusion was a useful adjunct and should be considered in patients with life
      threatening falciparum malaria when conventional measures fail to control the
      disease.

PMID- 377966
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. Aberrant portions of the mullerian
      duct found in an ovary: William Wood Russell Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin,
      vol. 10, pp. 8--10, 1899.

PMID- 377967
TI  - Prenatal diagnosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma.

PMID- 377968
TI  - Optimum dosage of an oral contraceptive. A report from the study of seven
      combinations of norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol.
AB  - A statistically designed study was carried out to determine an optimum
      combination of norgestimate and ethinyl estradiol as an oral contraceptive, based
      on efficacy, safety, and side-effect patterns. A total of 1,991 patients were
      studied for more than two years while they were receiving various dosage
      combinations of these steroids. There were seven dosage combinations studied as
      part of a statistically orthogonal experimental design, augmented by three
      combinations near the center. The data arising from these studies were used to
      fit approximate functions relating the amount of norgestimate and ethinyl
      estradiol to the rate of spotting and breakthrough bleeding, gastrointestinal
      disturbance, and pregnancies. These functions, in turn, helped to identify an
      optimum dosage (0.125 mg. of norgestimate plus 0.035 mg. of ethinyl estradiol) in
      the entire range of combinations studied.

PMID- 377969
TI  - Effect of dexamethasone on gonadotropin responsiveness to luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone and clomiphene in women with secondary amenorrhea.
AB  - We have studied the effects of administration of dexamethasone, 2 mg orally every
      6 hours, for 5 days on the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle
      stimulating hormone (FSH) induced by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)
      in six women with secondary amenorrhea and on the release of these gonadotropins
      induced by clomiphene citrate in 10 women with secondary amenorrhea.
      Dexamethasone suppressed baseline serum levels of LH and FSH and blunted the LHRH
      induced release of LH and FSH in six women. Following dexamethasone
      administration, the LH and FSH response to clomiphene citrate, which competes for
      gonadal steroid receptor binding sites in the hypothalamus, resulting in
      increased release of LHRH, was blunted in the 10 women studied. The data indicate
      that short-term administration of pharmacologic doses of glucocorticoids
      suppresses the secretion of LH and FSH by a direct effect on the anterior
      pituitary and possibly by an effect at the suprahypophyseal level with inhibition
      of release of LHRH.

PMID- 377970
TI  - Classic pages in Obstetrics and Gynecology. A practical treatise on inflammation,
      ulceration, and induration of the neck of the uterus: with remarks on the value
      of leucorrhoea and prolapsus uteri as symptoms of uterine disease: James Henry
      Bennet, London, John Churchill, 1845.

PMID- 377971
TI  - The efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section.
AB  - The objective of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of
      cefazolin-cephalothin administration as a prophylactic regime in patients
      undergoing cesarean section. The study was to randomized, double-blind, placebo
      controlled investigation. Cefazolin, 1.0 gm or placebo was administered
      intramuscularly on call to the operating room, and cephalothin, 2.0 gm, or
      placebo was administered intravenously at 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively.
      Ninety-five patients were included in the study with 49 in the placebo group and
      46 in the drug group. Nineteen patients developed 28 infections in the placebo
      group while eight patients developed eight infections in the drug group (P = less
      than 0.05). Eight patients in the placebo group developed infections at two or
      more sites whereas no patient in the drug-treated group developed multiple
      infections. No infant developed infection and no overgrowth of bacteria occurred.
      This study supports the concept of preoperative antibiotic administration being
      beneficial to the obstetric patient.

PMID- 377972
TI  - Abnormalities among offspring of oral and nonoral contraceptive users.
AB  - An analysis of 223 children born between 1961 and 1965 to 5,465 women in a
      controlled experiment at the University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine,
      regarding the use of oral and nonoral contraceptives, failed to reveal any
      statistical differences in birth weight and physical abnormalities between the
      two contraceptive groups. The mean birth weight for the oral group was 7 pounds,
      4.1 ounces, whereas for the nonoral group it was 7 pounds, 5.4 ounces. Abnormal
      physical findings were 10.7% for the oral group and 16.7% for the nonoral group.
      A comparison is also made between the two groups with respect to incidence of
      abnormalities by socioeconomic class and by sex of the child, as well as by the
      number of pregnancies and age of the mother. No significant differences were
      noted between the groups as an indication of the effect of oral contraceptives.

PMID- 377973
TI  - An evaluation of enucleation in the management of uveal melanomas.
AB  - Uveal melanomas are slow growing tumors that may infiltrate out of the eye,
      mainly following ciliary vessels or nerves, or invade blood vessels, but only
      rarely do they produce metastatic disease before discovery and treatment. There
      are, however, large gaps in our knowledge of the frequency and rate of growth of
      small tumors to those of moderate or large size. We have estimated the mortality
      from untreated uveal melanomas to be 1% per year or less. Almost all information
      concerning prognostic factors has been gained from studies based on cases treated
      by enucleation. The same information is not necessarily applicable to untreated
      tumors. A study of deaths from metastatic uveal melanomas reveals a striking
      relationship to enucleation, regardless of whether one deals with cases in which
      the eye had been symptomatic for a long or short time. Following a low
      preoperative mortality of 1% or less, the annual mortality rises to about 4%
      during the first year and then peaks at 8 to 12% during the second year, tapering
      off during the next three to five years to return to a remarkably constant level
      of 1 to  2% thereafter. We postulated that this relationship of peak mortality to
      enucleation is attributable mainly to an often overwhelming dissemination of
      tumor cells taking place during surgery or to a lowering of the host's
      immunologic defense mechanisms as a consequence of the operation, or both. We
      urge the pooling of all available information gained from clinical studies made
      on untreated tumors and recommend prospective studies of a variety of other
      methods of treating uveal melanomas in addition to the standard enucleation.

PMID- 377974
TI  - Reconstruction of the medial eyelid.
AB  - We used a free tarsal-conjunctival grate from the upper eyelid and a nasal-based
      pedicle skin-muscle flap for reconstruction of the medial aspect of the lower
      eyelid. This had the advantage of confining the reconstruction to the local area
      and eliminated the need for a temporal flap or an eyelid sharing procedure that
      necessitates occluding the fissure for several weeks.

PMID- 377976
TI  - Virus-simulating structures in the optic nerve head in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
AB  - A 68-year-old man was treated for and died of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. At
      autopsy we found multiple virus-like particles in the optic nerve head, but saw
      no similar structures in the cornea. Although these particles were
      morphologically similar to those previously reported in brain, we believe that
      they are not virions but unrelated cellular structures. We speculate that the
      causative agents may be naked membrane bound nucleic acids rather than true
      viruses. We found no optic atrophy or other specific pathologic changes in the
      eyes; severe occipital cortical degeneration was responsible for the patient's
      visual loss.

PMID- 377975
TI  - Effect of bilateral and unilateral grafts on the incidence of rejections in
      keratoconus.
AB  - We studied results of 124 keratoplasties in 100 keratoconus patients; 61 men and
      39 women varying in ages from 11 to 69 years with an average age of 30 years.
      Twenty-four patients had bilateral grafts with a 27% incidence of rejection, and
      76 patients had unilateral grafts with a 13% incidence of rejection (P less than
      .01). Data analysis of the first year after the graft of first eyes and
      subsequent years after the graft of first and second eyes, however, revealed a
      nearly fourfold increase of rejections following second grafts, with a 17%
      increased chance of rejection for the first graft after the second was implanted.
      Only two of the bilateral and two of the unilateral grafts were irreversibly lost
      because of graft reaction. The major complication was the formation of posterior
      subcapsular cataract, which occurred in approximately 32% of the patients. The
      final postkeratoplasty visual acuities were significantly improved. In the
      patients who did not develop a cataract, 86% achieved visual acuity of 6/12
      (20/40) or better. In the patients who did develop cataracts, 68% achieved visual
      acuity of 6/12 (20/40) or better.

PMID- 377977
TI  - Review of the literature on intraocular lenses 1976--1977.
AB  - This paper reviews the advantages, indications, and contraindications of
      intraocular lenses. The common complications of cystoid macular edema,
      endothelial corneal dystrophy, and pseudophakic pupillary block glaucoma are
      discussed. Advantages of inserting the intraocular lens some time after the
      cataract extraction are enumerated.

PMID- 377978
TI  - Problems with sealants for bracket bonding.

PMID- 377979
TI  - Plaque distribution on bonded brackets: a scanning microscope study.

PMID- 377980
TI  - Enamel decalcification in orthodontic treatment.
AB  - One hundred twenty previously extracted premolar teeth were used in this study.
      Teeth were divided into five groups of twenty-four each. The first group was
      treated with Copalite, the second with Portrait Veneer, the third with a
      polymeric adhesive coating material (Protecto), the fourth group with Nuva-Seal,
      and the fifth group served as a control. Orthodontic bands were selected and
      cemented to each tooth. The cement seal was then broken and teeth were
      thermocycled to simulate an in vivo condition. All teeth were then submerged in a
      decalcifying gelatin for 21 weeks. Every group was further broken into three
      equal subdivisions. Division A was to be submerged for 7 weeks, Division B in
      each group was to be submerged for 14 weeks, and Division C was to be submerged
      for 21 weeks. At each time interval, teeth were cleaned and examined for
      decalcification. Data were recorded and analyzed by means of the chi-square test.
      It was found that acid-etching materials protect the teeth against
      decalcification best. Among the acid-etching materials used, Nuva-Seal proved to
      be the best at protecting the teeth against decalcification for 21 weeks with
      this experimental design.

PMID- 377981
TI  - Abijah D. Pierce (1892-1978).

PMID- 377982
TI  - Anna Magdalene Urban (1895-1978).

PMID- 377983
TI  - Joseph A. Stepka (1906-1978).

PMID- 377984
TI  - Amos S. Bumgardner (1897-1978).

PMID- 377985
TI  - Harold E. Sippel (1898-1978).

PMID- 377986
TI  - Edwin Clements Lunsford (1899--1978).

PMID- 377987
TI  - Harlow Louis Shehan (1902--1978).

PMID- 377988
TI  - Bioblock therapy.
AB  - An orthopedic treatment philosophy has been presented. Attention is drawn to the
      fact that the facial bones of both experimental animals and human beings respond
      extensively to physiologic and pathologic forces, and it is suggested that these
      could be mimicked to advantage. A system of appliances designed to achieve this
      is described. Some case reports which appear to show induced skeletal change are
      presented, but it will be some time before the real contribution of bioblock
      therapy can be assessed scientifically. Meanwhile, we should perhaps look more
      closely at our patients' faces and consider treating them at an earlier age.

PMID- 377989
TI  - Direct bonding to porcelain: an in vitro study.
AB  - Three different force strengths were tested to investigate the effect of Fusion
      in direct bonding of brackets to porcelain. The resistance values of shear,
      tensile, and rotation strength forces are acceptable in the range of forces
      commonly used in orthodontics. The mean shear strength had greater resistance
      values to breaking than two other groups. The roughness of glazed porcelain and
      the fit of brackets to contoured porcelain teeth seems to be of great importance
      in the bonding effects. The role of Fusion in direct bonding is comparable to
      that of other sealants which are commonly being used in direct-bonding systems.
      It is claimed that Fusion creates a chemical bond with acrylic or composite
      resins to porcelain. The technique could be summarized as follows: (1) Glaze is
      removed in the area which is supposed to be bonded directly. (2) Fusion is
      applied over the roughened surface. (3) Acrylic or composite resin is mixed and
      applied on the mesh part of brackets. (4) The bracket is pressed against the
      porcelain teeth by moderate pressure until final polymerization.

PMID- 377990
TI  - Selected items from the history of pathology. Ilya Metchnikoff.

PMID- 377991
TI  - Studies on experimental pulmonary granulomas. I. Detection of lymphokines in
      granulomatous lesions.
AB  - Granulomatous reactions were immunologically induced in guinea pigs by several
      procedures, including intravenous injections of Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG)
      into animals immunized with complete Freund's Adjuvant and an intravenous
      injection of agarose beads linked to a specific antigen (dinitrophenylated bovine
      serum albumin) into immune animals. The tissue extracts obtained from lungs at
      various stages of granuloma formation were examined for macrophage migration
      inhibition (MIF) activity. The activity was found in a high incidence during the
      early stages of the granulomatous response. In contrast, MIF activity could be
      detected only rarely in granulomatous spleens and not in granulomatous livers.
      Chemotactic factor activity and mitogenic factor activity were only sporadically
      detectable. The MIF activity was associated with fractions showing chemical
      heterogeneity. One fraction was physicochemically indistinguishable from
      conventional lymphocyte-derived MIF; the other was a substance of large molecular
      weight. These results demonstrate the presence of biologically active mediators
      in immune granulomas, which may be related to early events involved in the
      induction or enhancement of such reactions.

PMID- 377992
TI  - Selected items from the history of pathology. Frank Burr Mallory.

PMID- 377993
TI  - Infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey-Silverman syndrome). Animal model:
      craniomandibular osteopathy in the canine.

PMID- 377996
TI  - On blaming the bureaucracy.

PMID- 377995
TI  - Location of brown recluse venom attachment sites on human erythrocytes by the
      firritin-labeled antibody technique.
AB  - Brown recluse spider (loxosceles reclusa) venom has been demonstrated by a
      ferritin-labeled antibody technique to attach to human erythrocyte cell
      membranes. The number of individual attachment sites per cell is proportional to
      the concentration of the venom used to sensitize the erythrocytes. Structural
      changes in the red cell membrane are associated with the venom attachment. These
      sites may be related to the red cell hemolysis which sometimes occurs in the
      human as a result of the spider bite.

PMID- 377994
TI  - Induction of diabetes in animals by parenteral administration of ferric
      nitrilotriacetate. A model of experimental hemochromatosis.
AB  - Rats and rabbits parenterally treated with a large daily dose of ferric
      nitrilotriacetate manifested diabetic symptoms such as hypergycemia, glycosuria,
      ketonemia, and ketonuria after approximately 60 days fo treatment. The blood
      insulin response to oral glucose loading was poor. Heavy iron deposits were found
      in liver parenchymal cells and in pancreatic exocrine cells, although some iron
      was deposited in the macrophages and reticuloendothelial cells of the organs.
      Faint iron staining was found in some pancreatic islet cells, with a reduction in
      beta granules and weak zinc staining. Cirrhotic liver changes and skin pigment
      deposition were not observed. Repeated blood withdrawals from ferric
      nitrilotriacetate-treated animals resulted in disappearance of hypergycmia,
      glycosuria, ketonemia, and ketonuria; disappearance of iron from the liver and
      pancreas; and restoration of islet beta granules to the control level.

PMID- 377997
TI  - Symptom formations and character changes due to upheavals of war: examples from
      Cyprus.
AB  - This article offers a review of the psychoanalytic and psychiatric literature on
      symptom formation and individual and collective character changes triggered by
      war or by similarly violent civil upheaval. It is suggested that each such event
      should be studied by itself since many different circumstances can bring man to
      acts of aggression. The effects of the war on Cyprus, where group narcissism
      developed to compensate for hurt, constitute a case example of such focused
      study.

PMID- 377998
TI  - Henry Frieze Vaughan, DrPH October 12, 1889-March 14, 1979, in appreciation.

PMID- 377999
TI  - Henry Frieze Vaughan.

PMID- 378001
TI  - The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the immunodiagnosis of
      schistosomiasis.
AB  - The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) done with soluble egg antigens
      (SEA) of Schistosoma mansoni was utilized for the detection of infections with
      schistosomes. The method readily detected experimental infections in NIH outbred,
      New Zealand black, and New Zealand white mice by 6-10 weeks post-exposure to S.
      mansoni cercariae. In addition, the test was negative when the sera from 11
      Puerto Rican normal controls were examined and was positive in 8 of 10 serum
      samples from humans with schistosomiasis mansoni. However, extensive cross
      reactivity was seen when using serum from humans with fascioliasis, trichinosis,
      cysticercosis, and echinococcosis. Thus the ELISA test done with SEA as antigen
      lacks immunologic specificity. For the method to be an effective
      seroepidemiological tool in areas where these parasites are endemic further
      purification of the antigen and more extensive understanding of its components
      are needed.

PMID- 378000
TI  - Henry Frieze Vaughan.

PMID- 378002
TI  - Class specific antibodies and fluorescent staining patterns in acute and chronic
      forms of schistosomiasis mansoni.
AB  - Sera from 40 patients with acute (10) and chronic (30) forms of schistosomiasis
      mansoni were studied in order to correlate class specific circulating antibodies
      with fluorescent patterns developed in sections of both worms and liver
      granulomata. At the acute stage of the infection, IgA antibodies were present,
      IgM titers were high (about 10 times those found in the chronic stage), and IgG,
      IgM, IgA, and IgE antibodies were shown by focal fluorescent staining of worms
      and granulomata. At the chronic stage, IgA antibodies were absent and IgG
      antibodies showed mostly a diffuse staining pattern in both kinds of sections.
      The relevance of these observations to diagnosis in clinical cases or
      epidemiological surveys is discussed.

PMID- 378003
TI  - A comparison of the complement fixation, indirect fluorescent antibody, and
      microagglutination tests for the serological diagnosis of rickettsial diseases.
AB  - Three techniques for the serological diagnosis of Rocky Mountain spotted fever
      were compared by testing 417 sera from 178 patients who very probably did not
      have rickettsial infections and 88 sera from 41 patients who very probably had
      Rocky Mountain spotted fever (SF). The techniques were complement fixation (CF),
      indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA), and microagglutination (MA). To avoid
      possible degradation during unnecessary purification, the antigens were prepared
      by methods that were as simple as possible. In the CF tests of 417 sera from
      patients with nonrickettsial diseases there was only one titer of 8 and none at
      higher dilutions, whereas with the IFA and MA tests 4-8% of the sera reacted with
      SF antigens and 4-20% reacted with murine typhus (MT) antigens; the evidence
      indicated that these reactions were not caused by specific rickettsial antibody.
      With the SF sera, it could be seen that the IFA test was the most sensitive and
      the MA test was the least sensitive at each interval after infection. Moreover,
      the IFA results showed the least number of confusing cross-reactions with MT
      antigens and the MA test showed the most. The relative advantages of the three
      tests in serodiagnosis of rickettsial diseases are discussed.

PMID- 378004
TI  - Therapeutic use of exchange transfusion in malaria.
AB  - In the case reported here, a patient with severe Plasmodium falciparum infection
      with 20% of erythrocytes parasitized was cured by exchange transfusion in
      conjunction with classical drug therapy.

PMID- 378005
TI  - Comparative efficacy of prophylactic cephalothin and cefamandole for elective
      colon surgery: results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind study.
AB  - Thirty-four patients undergoing elective colon resection or anastomosis received
      either intravenous cephalothin or cefamandole prophylactically and were observed
      for evidence of intraabdominal or wound infection, or both, postoperatively. The
      infection rates were 31 and 33 per cent, respectively. Infections were caused
      predominantly by cephalosporin resistant aerobes and anaerobes. All four
      bacteremias were caused by members of the B. fragilis group. The overall
      infection rate (32 per cent) and the frequency of anaerobic bacteremia (12 per
      cent) observed in this study were much higher than previously reported after
      cephalosporin prophylaxis for colorectal surgery.

PMID- 378006
TI  - Changes in the pathogenesis and detection of intrahepatic abscess.
AB  - A comparison of two distinct 11 year time periods at our institution demonstrated
      a change not only in the cause of intrahepatic abscess but also in the procedures
      used to diagnose this condition. Significant improvement in the methods of
      detection of intrahepatic abscess permits earlier diagnosis and therapy and thus
      a significantly improved prognosis.

PMID- 378007
TI  - Obturator foramen bypass in the management of infected vascular prostheses.
AB  - Seven patients with infected vascular prostheses in the femoral region were
      treated by removal of the prosthesis and extraanatomic reconstruction by way of
      the obturator foramen. Because the operation avoided entry into the infected
      area, it was considered the best surgical treatment for these patients. Although
      catastrophic hemorrhage and systemic sepsis were averted, amputation was
      eventually necessary in five patients, usually because of severe arteriosclerotic
      disease in distal arteries. Short-term benefit was gained by only two patients.
      The prevention of infection demands intensive preoperative preparation using
      prophylactic antibiotics and meticulous operating room technic.

PMID- 378008
TI  - Use of an autogenous hypogastric artery patch graft for living related donor
      kidneys with multiple renal arteries.
AB  - A kidney with triple renal arteries was removed from an HLA identical donor and
      transplanted to her brother using the donor hypogastric artery as an autogenous
      graft. The kidney was preserved by hypothermic, hyperkalemic, hyperosmolar
      washout solution while the three separate renal artery-hypogastric artery
      autograft anastomoses were being performed in an ex vivo position. Subsequently,
      the end to side autogenous hypogastric artery patch graft to external iliac
      artery anastomosis was completed. Prompt renal function occurred and after 18
      months the serum creatinine level remained unchanged.

PMID- 378009
TI  - Disseminated histoplasmosis in renal transplant recipients.
AB  - Five cases of disseminated histoplasmosis complicating renal transplantation are
      reported. Nine previously reported cases from the literature are reviewed. In
      this setting disseminated histoplasmosis usually presents as a nonspecific
      systemic febrile illness that may be fulminant or more subacute. Five of 14
      patients presented with skin lesions; only one patient presented with primary
      pulmonary symptoms of cough and dyspnea. Three of our patients and three others
      previously reported on survived the infection and maintained good function in the
      transplanted kidney despite prolonged therapy with amphotericin B.
      Immunosuppression was the only predisposing factor that could be identified with
      certainty in the five patients reported on herein. However, in two of the five
      patients the onset of disseminated histoplasmosis coincided with a well
      documented cytomegalovirus infection; the viral infection may have been a factor
      predisposing to infection in these two cases.

PMID- 378010
TI  - Microbial colonization of indwelling central venous catheters: statistical
      evaluation of potential contaminating factors.
AB  - A prospective study of 390 indwelling central venous catheters placed by way of
      the subclavian route identified bacteremia and tracheostomy as the only
      significant variables associated with the colonization of the catheters by
      pathogenic microorganisms. Catheter-related sepsis was likely in only 3 of 33
      episodes of proved bacteremia. Detailed statistical analyses of other potential
      contaminating factors revealed no significant correlations.

PMID- 378011
TI  - Intraperitoneal drains and nasogastric tubes in elective cholecystectomy.

PMID- 378012
TI  - Intraperitoneal povidone-iodine in experimental canine and murine peritonitis.
AB  - In dogs with appendicitis-peritonitis, intraperitoneal povidone-iodine caused
      death more rapidly than the instillation of saline solution. The bacterial
      content of canine peritoneal fluid increased with time. Although fewer bacteria
      were found in fluid from povidone-iodine-treated dogs, the differences were not
      statistically significant. Qualitative chemical analysis of peritoneal fluid
      revealed iodide, but not free iodine, 15 to 30 minutes after instillation of
      povidone-iodine. Iodine was present in the peritoneum at 2 hours but not at 3 or
      6 hours. The antibacterial effect of povidone-iodine was demonstrated in mice
      challenged intraperitoneally with lethal doses of Escherichia coli. Povidone
      iodine diminished mortality when injected immediately (p less than 0.005) but not
      when given 1 to 3 hours later. Immediate injection of povidone-iodine into mice
      lowered the number of E. coli by 3 logs. Injection of povidone-iodine 3 hours
      after bacterial challenge lowered the number of E. coli by only 1/3 log. This
      lesser bactericidal effect in mice is attributed to greater dispersal and
      sequestration of bacteria throughout the peritoneal cavity with time and with
      inactivation of povidone-iodine by reduction to iodide in vivo. In dogs with
      appendicitis-peritonitis, the more rapid death after treatment with povidone
      iodine was not associated with differences in peritoneal microflora but with
      peritoneal absorption of excessive amounts of iodide.

PMID- 378013
TI  - Surgical therapy for venous stasis: results of a modified Linton operation.
AB  - Bipedicled flaps in the natural skin lines permit ligation of offending
      perforating and communicating veins of the postphlebitic leg with stasis change.
      This technic affords safer immediate postoperative healing and durable long-term
      results. The indications for operation have been extended to include more elderly
      patients as well as selected patients with ulcerations due to combined venous
      stasis and arterial insufficiency.

PMID- 378014
TI  - Mites in house dust in the Stockholm area.
AB  - Today there is no doubt that mites (and especially species within the
      Pyroglyphidae family: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides
      farinae) are an important agent in dust allergies. The author reports on a study
      of the occurrence of mites in house dust in the environment of allergic persons
      in the Stockholm area. 201 private homes, 13 farmers' houses and two hospitals
      have been studied. In 12% of the homes several different types of mite were found
      in dust in relatively small numbers, while pyroglyphids occurred in only 1.5% of
      the dwellings. The frequency of mites in dust from farmers' homes was three times
      higher and that of pyroglyphids ten times higher than in other dwellings. Mites
      were most often found in floor dust and very infrequently in bed dust. All
      hospital beds were free from mites; in floor-dust samples from a hospital for
      long-term therapy several species of mite were found. The author draws the
      conclusion that the conditions of climate and humidity within the geographical
      area studied are adverse to the development of an allergologically significant
      mite population in indoor dust, but that small numbers may spread from potted
      plants, work premises and outdoor flora.

PMID- 378015
TI  - Epicutaneous testing.
AB  - The patch test and chamber test are the ordinary methods for detecting delayed
      type contact allergies. The method, test substances and criteria of positive
      reactions are already well standardized. Open testing is also used for
      problematic chemicals such as strong topical medicaments, emulsifiers and
      propylene glycol. The many problems of standardization are still unresolved in
      photocutaneous testing. Some chemicals are applied to the skin without occlusion,
      though the chamber test or patch test methods are used with most of them. The
      composition of the vehicle and occlusion time vary greatly from one
      photosensitizing substance to another. A xenon arc is recommended for screening
      any photosensitizers but fluorescent black light tubes are sufficient for routine
      clinical use. Type I contact allergies are far more common than was previously
      believed, especially among people allergic to birch pollen. This type of reaction
      and other forms of contact urticaria can be examined using the scratch chamber or
      scarification chamber techniques as well as with an open test on diseased or
      scratched (scarified) skin.

PMID- 378016
TI  - Intravenous regional analgesia using bupivacaine. A double blind comparison with
      lignocaine.
AB  - A double-blind comparison of bupivacaine and lignocaine for intravenous regional
      analgesia (Bier's block) was carried out in seventy-two patients presenting for
      upper limb surgery. Thirty-eight patients received lignocaine and thirty-four
      received bupivacaine. Onset of analgesia and recovery times were similar for the
      two drugs. The degree of both analgesia and muscle relaxation was significantly
      better in the bupivacaine group. Adverse effects were seen only in patients who
      had received lignocaine and these were unrelated to the tourniquet time.

PMID- 378017
TI  - Atropine versus glycopyrrolate. A study of intraocular pressure and pupil size in
      man.
AB  - Following control observations of intraocular pressure and pupil size, in doses
      suitable for pre-anaesthetic medication, glycopyrrolate (0.004 mg/kg) and
      atropine (0.01 mg/kg) were given intramuscularly to healthy volunteers in a
      randomised, cross-over fashion. No significant change in either intraocular
      pressure or pupil size was noted 45 min after drug administration.

PMID- 378018
TI  - Accidental hypothermia.
AB  - The physiological changes associated with accidental hypothermia are considered.
      Current methods of management of the hypothermic patient are reviewed.

PMID- 378019
TI  - Synergism between halothane and labetalol.
AB  - A patient in chronic renal failure, who was receiving large doses of the combined
      alpha- and beta-blocking agent, labetalol, was selected for renal
      transplantation. A low concentration of halothane was used for induction and
      maintenance of anaesthesia, but severe myocardial depression occurred which
      proved unresponsive to atropine or isoprenaline, although it responded to a
      dopamine infusion. Synergism has already been reported between labetalol and high
      concentrations of halothane, but this case suggests that, in patients with
      previous myocardial damage, much lower concentrations of this inhalational agent
      may prove fatal.

PMID- 378020
TI  - Postoperative analgesia using papaveretum and orphenadrine. A preliminary trial.
AB  - The action of orphenadrine when given towards the end of a general anaesthetic is
      described. It is shown to delay the need for postoperative analgesia and extend
      the analgesic action of papaveretum.

PMID- 378021
TI  - IPPB and hypercapnia in respiratory failure: the effect of different
      concentrations of inspired oxygen on arterial blood gas tensions.
AB  - Fourteen patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and hypercapnia
      received two treatment periods with Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing, the
      ventilator being driven by gas containing about 24% or about 45% oxygen. Arterial
      PO2 and PCO2 were measured before, during and after each treatment. The results
      demonstrated that increasing hypercapnia did not, as a rule, occur when 45%
      oxygen was used as the driving gas. When hypercapnia did occur it appeared to be
      independent of the inspired oxygen concentration. The importance of short
      treatment periods, correct ventilator settings and supervision of the patient
      during and after treatment is emphasised.

PMID- 378022
TI  - Self-administered intermittent nitrous oxide analgesia for labour. Enhancement of
      effect with continuous nasal inhalation of 50 per cent nitrous oxide (Entonox).

PMID- 378023
TI  - The history of intravenous barbiturates.

PMID- 378024
TI  - Inhibition of a nuclease contaminant in the commercial preparations of
      Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase.

PMID- 378026
TI  - Comparison of positive end-expiratory pressure and inspiratory positive pressure
      plateau in ventilation of rabbits with experimental pulmonary edema.
AB  - We investigated the effects of an inspiratory positive pressure plateau produced
      by a high (4/1) inspiratory-expiratory (I/E) ratio in rabbits with pulmonary
      edema induced with oleic acid. With an inspiratory pressure plateau,
      intrapulmonary shunt was significantly reduced compared to a standard 1/2 I/E
      ratio. Reduction in shunt was also obtained when positive end-expiratory pressure
      (PEEP) was added to the 1/2 I/E ratio ventilatory pattern. Since the improvement
      in shunt could have been caused by either recruitment of alveoli or by
      maintenance of lung volume at end exhalation we measured tidal volume and
      thoracic gas volume to distinguish between the two. With both patterns,
      improvement in shunt was associated with an increase in thoracic gas volume. The
      increase in thoracic gas volume was greater with PEEP than with 4/1 for an
      equivalent increase in mean airway pressure. The results suggest that an
      inspiratory pressure plateau improves gas exchange in pulmonary edema, but that
      this improvement occurs because of an increase in end-expiratory lung volume.
      Positive end-expiratory pressure is a preferable method of increasing end
      expiratory lung volume because a greater increase occurs for the same change in
      airway pressure.

PMID- 378025
TI  - Protective action of phenytoin in cerebral ischemia.
AB  - Thirty-six rabbits were subjected to 15-minute periods of stagnant cerebral
      hypoxia while blood flow to the rest of the body was preserved. After this
      ischemic interval the animals, divided into three groups, received either saline,
      phenytoin, 15 mg/kg IV, or thiopental 10 mg/kg IV and 10 mg/kg IM. Histologic
      examination of tissue sections of the brains, 72 hours after ischemia, indicated
      that phenytoin afforded significant protection (p less than 0.001) of neurons in
      the hippocampus and in the dentate nucleus when compared to saline, while the
      findings noted after thiopental were not statistically significant when compared
      to placebo. No statistically significant difference was noted between the two
      drugs. Neuron destruction was seen only in rabbits receiving either saline (92%)
      or thiopental (50%).

PMID- 378027
TI  - Dr. Starling and the "ventilator" kidney.

PMID- 378028
TI  - Renal function and cardiovascular responses during positive airway pressure.
AB  - The authors determined cardiovascular, renal, and hormonal responses to increased
      airway pressure during continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV) and
      continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Nine healthy, hydrated laboratory
      swine had appropriate catheters placed to allow for measurement of intrapleural,
      aortic, inferior vena caval, and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures;
      cardiac output; and urinary flow. Samples of arterial blood were analyzed for
      oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions, pH, plasma vasopressin, osmolality, and
      creatinine and sodium concentrations. Urine was analyzed for osmolality and
      creatinine and sodium concentrations, and volume was recorded. Intrapleural
      pressure was subtracted from left ventricular end-diastolic pressure to calculate
      transmural pressure, a reflection of left ventricular filling pressure.
      Glomerular filtration rate and urinary free-water and osmolal clearances were
      also calculated. Expiratory left ventricular filling  pressure was decreased
      equally by CPAP and CPPV. However, inspiratory left ventricular filling pressure
      and cardiac output were decreased by CPPV only. Urinary flow and glomerular
      filtration rate were decreased equally by CPAP and CPPV. Sodium excretion was
      decreased and plasma vasopressin increased by CPPV, but not by CPAP. Urinary free
      water and osmolal clearances were not changed by either ventilatory pattern.
      Although many of the renal-function variables were affected similarly by CPPV and
      CPAP, these alterations were not influenced solely by cardiac output or
      vasopressin, because only CPPV depressed cardiac output and increased vasopressin
      levels.

PMID- 378030
TI  - Neurotoxicity of anesthetics.

PMID- 378029
TI  - Treatment of cardiac and renal effects of PEEP with dopamine in patients with
      acute respiratory failure.
AB  - The hemodynamic and renal effects of mechanical ventilation with positive end
      expiratory pressure (PEEP) were studied with and without continuous dopamine
      administration in ten patients who had acute pulmonary failure. The application
      of 20 cm H2O PEEP during mechanical ventilation resulted in improvements in
      arterial blood oxygen tension, from 63 +/- 6 to 81 +/- 12 torr (mean +/- SE), and
      intrapulmonary shunt fraction, from 29 +/- 3 to 21 +/- 3 per cent, whereas
      cardiac output, systemic oxygen transport and renal function were impaired by 20,
      19 and 47 per cent, respectively. Dopamine infusion at a rate of 5 +/- 0.05
      micrograms/kg/min reversed the deleterious effects of PEEP on cardiovascular and
      renal function: cardiac output increased from 4.5 +/- 0.3 to 6.0 +/- 0.51,
      urinary output from 1.0 +/- 0.3 to 1.7 +/- 0.4 ml/min, sodium excretion and
      creatinine clearance by 50 per cent. Systemic oxygen transport was improved from
      680 +/- 44 to 925 +/- ml, arterial oxygen tension from 81 +/- 12 to 102 +/- 14
      torr, and total deadspace to tidal volume ratio from 0.49 +/- 0.02 to 0.44 +/-
      0.03 with dopamine. The authors conclude that the depression of cardiovascular
      and renal functions that may occur in patients who need high levels of PEEP for
      the treatment of acute pulmonary failure can be treated successfully with
      dopamine infusion. This represents a valuable alternative to expansion of blood
      volume for the improvement of systemic oxygen transport and arterial blood oxygen
      tension in critically ill patients.

PMID- 378031
TI  - Use of a pop-off valve during IMV and PEEP.

PMID- 378032
TI  - Potential hazards and applications of lithium in anesthesiology.

PMID- 378033
TI  - Effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of diazepam given in conjunction with
      spinal anesthesia.

PMID- 378034
TI  - Intraoperative hyperkalemia and cardiac arrests during renal transplantation in
      an insulin-dependent diabetic patient.

PMID- 378035
TI  - Exacerbation of latrogenic hypercarbia by PEEP.

PMID- 378036
TI  - Aspirin pretreatment prevents post-cannulation radial-artery thrombosis.

PMID- 378037
TI  - Currentness of textbook references alone not a valid measure of quality.

PMID- 378038
TI  - Naloxone does not antagonize diazepam-induced sedation.

PMID- 378039
TI  - [Latex reaction with toxoplasma antigen].
AB  - The author describes the latex fixation test (LFT) with Toxoplasma antigen. The
      main parts of this technique are as follows: the sensibilization of latex
      particles and incubation of the sensitized particles with sera examined in an
      icebox (overnight) followed by spinning at 5000 G 10 minutes.--The sera giving
      negative results with LRT reacted also in 78,3% with complement-fixing test (CFT)
      in 79.3% and with indirect fluorescent test (IFAT) in 61.8% and with
      microprecipitating test (MPT) in 100% negatively.--The sera reacting strongly
      positively with LFT reacted also with CFT in high titers (titer 160 and higher)
      in 60.9% and in 55% with IFAT (titers 128 and higher).

PMID- 378040
TI  - Two doses of triprolidine for treatment of allergic rhinitis.
AB  - Two doses of triprolidine (2.5 mg t.i.d. and 1.25 mg t.i.d.) were compared with
      placebo in 32 patients suffering from allergic rhinitis. Triprolidine 2.5 mg
      t.i.d. was statistically significantly better than placebo (p less than 0.05) in
      reducing the symptoms of sneezing and eye irritation. Neither dose of
      triprolidine produced significant drowsiness during the second week of treatment.

PMID- 378041
TI  - Diagnosis and management of hereditary angioedema (HAE).
AB  - In summary, HAE is a dominantly inherited form of angioedema which is manifested
      by nonpainful, nonerythematous, nonpruritic and nonpitting swelling of the
      extremities, face, gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts unaccompanied by
      urticaria. These patients have deficient activity of the C1 INH and the
      laboratory diagnosis can be easily made by finding low C4 and C1 inh levels
      during an attack. Effective and specific therapy is now available that prevents
      the clinical syndrome and corrects the serologic hallmarks of the disease.

PMID- 378042
TI  - IgE antibodies to peptic and peptic-tryptic digests of betalactoglobulin:
      significance in food hypersensitivity.
AB  - The sera of 20 atopic patients, 10 with hypersensitivity symptoms upon ingestion
      of milk and 10 without such symptoms, were tested by a radioimmunoassay for the
      detection of IgE antibodies to whole bovine milk, betalactoglobulin (BL),
      enzymatic digests of BL and fractions thereof. While only 4/10 patients had IgE
      antibodies to undigested BL all 10 patients had IgE antibodies to BL digests. All
      controls gave negative results. These findings suggest that enzymatic digestion
      of BL may yield antigenic fractions which elicit IgE antibodies and that these
      antibodies would be missed if the undigested food protein were to be used solely
      in testing.

PMID- 378043
TI  - An updated assessment of the critical environmental factors involved in the
      prevention of allergic disease.
AB  - The effects of climate, as well as outdoor and indoor pollution, on allergic
      respiratory symptoms are herein explored. Also, measures utilized in modifying
      the susceptible individual's milieu are examined. Finally, the potential for
      ameliorating or preventing the development of allergies in genetically
      ""predisposed'' children is discussed.

PMID- 378044
TI  - Bovine tuberculosis in the United States and Puerto Rico: a laboratory summary.
AB  - Mycobacteria were isolated from 14.3% of the tissues submitted to the National
      Veterinary Services Laboratories over a 5-year period (July 1, 1972, to June 30,
      1977). The isolates were identified by drug susceptibility, and biochemical and
      serologic tests. Mycobacterium bovis isolated from tissues of cattle originating
      in 32 states and Puerto Rico accounted for 78% of the acid-fast isolations. Of
      the Mycobacterium bovis isolates, 4% were from tissues in which no microscopic
      tuberculous granulomas were observed on examination of tissue sections. Of the
      119 Mycobacterium avium isolates, 18 were serotype 1, 44 were serotype 2, and 45
      isolates represented 12 other serotypes.

PMID- 378045
TI  - Suppression of specific lymphocyte blastogenesis after intravenous tuberculin
      injection in Mycobacterium bovis-sensitized cattle.
AB  - Intravenous injection of 1.0 ml of old tuberculin (OT) in 4 calves previously
      sensitized to Mycobacterium bovis resulted in suppression of specific lymphocyte
      blastogenic responses to purified protein in vitro. Suppression of in vitro
      blastogenic responses occurred within 24 hours after injection of OT and
      persisted for up to 96 hours. Lymphocytes from these calves, cultured with
      concanavalin A, did not show any suppression of the lymphocyte blastogenic
      response in vitro. Suppression was temporary and in all calves was preceded by
      rapid febrile responses. Rectal temperature responses ranged from 40.1 to 41.6 C
      as early as 6 hours after tuberculin injections. Three control animals, M bovis
      sensitized but not given OT, remained lymphocyte stimulation-positive throughout
      the study and served as controls for laboratory fluctuations.

PMID- 378046
TI  - Evaluation of various methods for the detection of enteropathogenic Escherichia
      coli in diarrheic calves.
AB  - Evaluation of the Escherichia coli population in the small intestine of diarrheic
      calves was performed by estimating the number of colony-forming units and the
      observation of direct gram-stained smears of mucosal scrapings.
      Enterotoxigenicity of the isolates was determined by the infant mouse test and
      the ligated intestinal segment in calves. The influence of various broth culture
      media on the production of enterotoxin was also studied. Serologic
      characterization of the E coli isolates was performed. A total of 190 cases of
      diarrhea in bovine neonates was studied and it was found that enteropathogenic E
      coi was not responsible for more than 20% of the cases. A practical approach for
      the recognition of enteropathogenic E coli in a routine diagnostic laboratory is
      proposed.

PMID- 378048
TI  - "... In comes the good air" Part I. Rise and fall of the Schafer method.

PMID- 378047
TI  - Effect of circulating, maternally derived antibody on the development of a local
      immune response in the intestine of the neonatal pig.

PMID- 378049
TI  - Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis-like syndrome consequent to aspergilloma.
AB  - Two patients who represent the first well-documented cases of an allergic
      bronchopulmonary aspergillosis-like syndrome developing consequent to an
      aspergilloma are reported. These patients experienced both subjective and
      objective evidence of improvement after the initiation of corticosteroid therapy.
      Literature relevant to the combined occurrence of aspergilloma and allergic
      bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and their immunology is reviewed.

PMID- 378050
TI  - Diving medicine.

PMID- 378051
TI  - "... In comes the good air" Part II. Mouth-to-mouth method.

PMID- 378052
TI  - Koch's postulates updated: a potentially useful application to laboratory
      research and policy analysis in environmental toxicology.

PMID- 378054
TI  - Marlex mesh in repair of a diaphragmatic defect later eroding into the distal
      esophagus and stomach.

PMID- 378053
TI  - Nasal airway inspiratory resistance.
AB  - The relationship between transnasal pressure and nasal flow is markedly
      curvilinear during tidal breathing in man, and there is poor agreement among the
      results of various methods used to define this characteristic with a single
      number. We used Rohrer's equation (P = K1 V + K2 V2), where P = pressure and V =
      flow, and calculated values for K1 and K2 from 474 nasal inspiratory
      pressure/flow curves obtained from 34 human subjects by a standard method of
      posterior rhinometry. Nasal airway inspiratory resistance at an air flow of 0.4
      liter per sec (NAIR0.4) was also calculated. Rohrer's equation was found by
      regression analysis to fit each curve well (0.86 less than r less than 0.9999;
      mean, 0.983). There was a strong correlation between NAIR0.4 and K2: NAIR 0.4 =
      0.91 K2 + 0.39 (r = 0.97). Nasal congestion induced in 7 normal subjects with
      histamine resulted in larger changes in K2 and NAIR0.4 than K1. Patients given 
      an intranasal corticosteroid aerosol (beclomethasone dipropionate) in a double
      blind crossover trial showed symptomatic improvement in nasal congestion (P less
      than 0.01) and significant decreases in K2 (P less than 0.02) and NAIR 0.4 (P
      less than 0.05), but no change in K1 (P greater than 0.2).

PMID- 378055
TI  - Operating room acquired infection: a review of pathogenesis.

PMID- 378056
TI  - Quantitative bacteriology in wound care.
AB  - Quantitative bacteriology in the management of wound sepsis provides an objective
      way to monitor the success or failure of wound care. The clinical appearance of a
      wound requiring skin grafting may be misleading. Grafting wounds that appeared
      clinically ready was unsuccessful when analysis showed bacteriological counts of
      10(5) or greater organisms per gram of tissue. A rapid and simple method for
      quantitative tissue culture is described. Three cases are described illustrating
      the value of the results of the method.

PMID- 378057
TI  - [In memory of Pr Leon Michaux].

PMID- 378059
TI  - Machaut's medical musical world.

PMID- 378058
TI  - [Carpipramine, a specific psychotropic drug between neuroleptics and anti
      depressive drugs].

PMID- 378060
TI  - Summary of the workshop on recent advances in analytic techniques for halogenated
      aromatic compounds.

PMID- 378062
TI  - The origins of modern biochemistry: a retrospect on proteins.

PMID- 378061
TI  - Hexachlorobenzene-induced stimulation of the humoral immune response in rats.
AB  - Rats were fed diets containing 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg HCB/kg during a 3-week
      period. Marked weight increases of spleen, popliteal and mesenteric lymph nodes
      and of the liver were found. Histologically, the white pulp in the spleen was
      enlarged because of an increase in size of marginal zones and follicles. In
      addition, there was an increase of extramedullary hemopoiesis. In the lymph
      nodes, the number of high endothelial venules was increased at all dose levels.
      The number of neutrophils, basophils and monocytes in the peripheral blood was
      significantly increased, whereas peripheral lymphocyte counts were slightly
      higher. Total serum IgM levels were markedly increased, but IgG concentrations
      were unaltered. On the basis of this experiment, the 1000 mg HCB/kg diet level
      was chosen for the different function studies that were carried out after a 3
      weeks dietary regimen. Regarding the humoral immunity, IgM antibodies to LPS were
      unaltered, whereas primary and secondary IgM and IgG antibody titers to tetanus
      toxoid were increased approximately three-fold. HCB did not significantly alter
      the cell-mediated immunity, as shown by the following parameters: resistance to
      Listeria monocytogenes infection, rejection of skin transplants, and delayed-type
      hypersensitivity to tuberculin. The phagocytizing capacity of macrophages was
      studied by measuring the blood clearance of carbon particles. HCB did slightly
      depress the phagocytic index, but the difference with control animals was
      statistically not significant. The in vitro responsiveness of thymus cells to the
      mitogens PHA, Con A, and PWM was not changed by in vivo HCB-treatment. On a cell
      for-cell basis, the responsiveness of spleen cells was increased when cultured in
      the presence of LPS. On a whole organ basis, the response to PHA, Con A, PWM, and
      LPS was markedly enhanced because of an increase in the number of nucleated
      spleen cells. Regarding peripheral lymphocytes, only the response to the mitogen
      Con A was higher. On the basis of these studies it is concluded that HCB
      stimulates the humoral immune response in the rat, enhances the in vitro
      responsiveness of spleen cells to the different mitogens mainly as a result of an
      increase in the number of splenic lymphocytes, but does not alter the cell
      mediated immunity as shown with in vivo tests. This result contrasts with data in
      the literature that show that HCB suppresses the humoral and cell-mediated
      immunity in mice. Finally, HCB pretreatment only marginally increased the
      susceptibility of rats to endotoxin, whereas mice have been shown to be 20-fold
      more susceptible to the lethal effects of bacterial endotoxin.

PMID- 378063
TI  - Early theories of protein structure.

PMID- 378064
TI  - Amino acid sequences of proteins--the beginnings.

PMID- 378066
TI  - Dialogue: a discussion among historians of science and scientists.

PMID- 378065
TI  - Crystallographic measurements and the structure of protein molecules as they are.

PMID- 378067
TI  - Early theories of protein metabolism.

PMID- 378068
TI  - The dynamic state of body proteins.

PMID- 378069
TI  - Purification and crystallization of proteins.

PMID- 378070
TI  - How did it happen?

PMID- 378071
TI  - Essential amino acids.

PMID- 378073
TI  - Some contributions of the Princeton Laboratory of the Rockefeller Institute on
      proteins, viruses, enzymes, and nucleic acids.

PMID- 378072
TI  - Historical aspects of protein synthesis.

PMID- 378074
TI  - Protein chemists encounter viruses.

PMID- 378075
TI  - The identification of nucleic acids as genetic determinants.

PMID- 378076
TI  - How genetics got a chemical education.

PMID- 378077
TI  - Protein heterogeneity: its history, its bases, and its limits.

PMID- 378078
TI  - A retrospect on proteins.

PMID- 378079
TI  - The development of the physical chemistry of proteins, 1898-1940.

PMID- 378080
TI  - Electrophoresis and chromatography of amino acids and proteins.

PMID- 378081
TI  - Nonfamilial anterior corneal dystrophy.
AB  - A 31-year-old woman with subepithelial corneal opacification and numerous clear
      round or oval areas of epithelial edema confined to the palpebral fissure
      underwent a penetrating keratoplasty. The clinical appearance was similar to that
      of a severe Meesmann or Stocker-Holt dystrophy. The prominent histopathologic
      features were thickening and excrescences of the epithelial basement membrane,
      intense basal cell edema, but no intraepithelial cysts. The basement membrane
      changes are compatible with those seen in Meesmann, Stocker-Holt, and map-dot
      fingerprint dystrophy, but the lack of intraepithelial cysts is not
      characteristic of these dystrophies. This case represents a variant of the known
      anterior corneal dystrophies which have an overproduction of epithelial basement
      membrane.

PMID- 378082
TI  - Miotics and retinal detachment: a survey and case report.

PMID- 378083
TI  - Corneal transplantation with associated histopathologic description in xeroderma
      pigmentosum occurring in a black family.
AB  - Three cases of xeroderma pigmentosa in Bantu patients with corneal opacification
      are presented. The histologic appearances of the corneae following corneal
      transplantation is given.

PMID- 378084
TI  - Levator tucking.
AB  - Nine cases of ptosis were repaired by levator tucking. There were 4 postoperatuve
      complications. Tucking seems to offer no advantage over levator resection or the
      Fasanella-Servat procedure in the lesser degrees of ptosis. A new firmer tucking
      procedure is suggested for those who wish to try this technique.

PMID- 378085
TI  - An analysis of corneal transplantation: I--graft clarity.
AB  - A retrospective review has been undertaken of the clarity results of 378
      keratoplasties performed by 6 Toronto corneal surgeons between January 1970 and
      December 1974. Lamellar keratoplasties were included in the data related to
      herpes simplex only. In herpes simplex penetrating grafts gave better vision than
      lamellar grafts. The following factors were statistically important with respect
      to graft clarity: age of recipient, type of corneal disease, peroperative corneal
      vessels, first or subsequent graft, pre- and/or postoperative glaucoma,
      postoperative anterior synechiae, combined procedure, vitreous loss, previous
      cataract surgery, and follow-up time. The following factors were statistically
      unimportant with respect to graft clarity: donor age, time from death to
      enucleation (median 2.8 hours), time from enucleation to use (median 24 hours),
      sex of donor and recipient, interrupted or running suture, use of microscope,
      penetrating or lamellar graft in herpes simplex, postoperative astigmatism, and
      division of postoperative anterior synechiae. Silk (compared with nylon), larger
      grafts and combined procedures all increased the incidence of graft rejection.
      Repeat grafts were associated with more preoperative corneal vascularization.

PMID- 378086
TI  - Cutting blocks for corneal trephination.

PMID- 378087
TI  - 125 years of indirect ophthalmoscopy.

PMID- 378088
TI  - An analysis of corneal transplantation: II--postoperative astigmatism.
AB  - An analysis of 153 penetrating keratoplasties was undertaken. The same surgical
      technique was used in all cases. Three factors had a statistically significant
      effect on postoperative astigmatism, as measured by keratometry. (1) Astigmatism
      decreased with increasing follow-up time (P less than 0.05). (2) Vitreous loss at
      the time of the keratoplasty increased the amount of postoperative astigmatism (P
      less than 0.05). (3) Females had more postoperative astigmatism than males (P
      less than 0.05), but this was probably related to a tendency for females to have
      a greater incidence of postoperative anterior synechiae (P just greater than
      0.05), and the fact that all 6 cases of vitreous loss were in females. There was
      an almost significant trend toward postoperative anterior synechiae being
      associated with increased astigmatism (P just greater than 0.05), and there was
      also a trend toward the division of these synechiae reducing the amount of
      astigmatism. Fifteen of the 153 penetrating grafts were done in cases of herpes
      simplex. These were compared with 11 lamellar grafts done for herpes simplex, and
      there was a statistically insignificant trend toward more postoperative
      astigmatism in penetrating grafts.

PMID- 378090
TI  - Cyclothiazide and atenolol once daily in essential hypertension.

PMID- 378089
TI  - [Effects of slow nitrate by products in heart patients at rest and during cyclo
      ergometric tests (author's transl)].

PMID- 378092
TI  - Positive end expiratory pressure ventilation, renal function and renin.
AB  - Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) during respirator therapy can impair
      renal function by altering renal haemodynamics or by increasing the secretion of
      the antidiuretic hormone. In the present study, the effect of the commonly used
      10 cm H2O PEEP for two hours on renal function and on plasma renin activity was
      studied in eleven intensive care patients. During the examination period, the
      patients received analgesic, sedative, and muscle relaxant drugs, but no
      diuretics. PEEP decreased the mean urinary output by 21%. Urinary specific
      gravity and osmolality increased. Urinary sodium excretion decreased along with
      urinary volume. The creatinine clearance decreased slightly, but free water
      clearance became less negative suggesting reduced ability of tubules to
      concentrate urine during PEEP. The plasma renin activity was not altered
      significnalty by PEEP, nor did the urinary sodium/potassium ratio change. This
      may indicate that the water retention induced by PEEP is not caused by the
      increased secretion of aldosterone. The results suggest that 10 cm H2O PEEP
      impairs renal function in critically ill patients and causes mainly water
      retention.

PMID- 378091
TI  - Detached pacing electrode tip as a pulmonary embolus.
AB  - Forceful extraction of an Elema unipolar endocardial pacing electrode caused
      accidental detachment of the electrode tip. The tip migrated from the jugular
      vein into the central venous circulation and after some delay finally passes
      during the night into a pulmonary artery branch. Transient pleural irritation was
      the only sequel.

PMID- 378093
TI  - Pulmonary infections after renal transplantation.
AB  - The prevalence of pulmonary infections has been assessed in a series of 93
      patients who succumbed after renal transplantation. Pneumonia was considered to
      be the immediate cause of death in 15 patients; microscopic examination revealed
      further 10 cases, with pneumonic foci in the lungs. Consequently, the prevalence
      of pulmonary infections was 27%. Pneumonia was diagnosed on chest X-ray in only
      48%, with "uraemic lung" as the most common confounding diagnosis. Clinical
      microbiology disclosed pathogenic bacteria in the sputum in 40% of the cases. It
      is concluded that the diagnostic yield would be enhanced by more frequent chest X
      rays and presumably with more invasive methods of acquiring specimens for
      microbiological studies. It is also possible that the application of more
      stringent criteria for the use of high-dose intravenous steroids for supposed
      rejection will lead to less pneumonia in patients with renal transplants.

PMID- 378094
TI  - The fixed combination of propranolol and bendrofluazide in the treatment of
      hypertension.
AB  - The antihypertensive effect of Inderectic, a new combination capsule of
      propranolol 80 mg and bendrofluazide 2.5 mg, given twice daily was investigated
      in 21 hypertensive patients using a double-blind randomized crossover method.
      Inderectic was compared with either agent used alone and with the same
      combination given as separate tablets. It gave a greater fall in mean lying and
      standing systolic and diastolic blood pressure than either agent alone. There was
      no statistically significant difference for the effect on these variables between
      the free combination and combined formulation. Only minor side-effects were
      recorded, no patient having to be withdrawn from the study and no biochemical
      changes were observed.

PMID- 378095
TI  - Vibrio alginolyticus wound infection: case report and review.
AB  - Vibrio alginolyticus was associated with a littoral wound infection in an
      Arizonan injured near the Sea of Cortez. While this is the first instance from
      this estuary, the relatively recent increase in the number of isolates suggests
      both that most coastal waters are a natural habitat of the organism and that
      probably many previous isolates were incorrectly identified in the past.
      Mischaracterization most likely results from a gram-negative work-up routine
      deficient for the isolation of halophilic organisms. The morbid course of this
      case was in part predictable owing to the organism's resistance to several first
      choice antibiotics. The laboratory characteristics of V. alginolyticus and others
      in the Vibrio genus associated with maritime disease are reviewed.

PMID- 378096
TI  - [Eye movements during reading].

PMID- 378097
TI  - [Visual memory].

PMID- 378098
TI  - The best laid schemes o' mice an' men gang aft agley.

PMID- 378099
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics.

PMID- 378100
TI  - The primary aromatic amines: their biological properties and structure-activity
      relationships.

PMID- 378101
TI  - Salt in hypertension and the effects of diuretics.

PMID- 378102
TI  - Physical mechanisms of anesthesia.

PMID- 378103
TI  - Predicting steady state serum concentrations of drugs.

PMID- 378104
TI  - Behavioral effects of carbon monoxide on animals and man.

PMID- 378105
TI  - Clinical, biochemical, and pharmacological role of zinc.

PMID- 378106
TI  - Presystemic drug elimination.
AB  - The presystemic elimination of a large number of compounds is clearly established
      and represents a common and unavoidable cause of reduced bioavailability. The
      liver, intestine, and lungs have been identified as potential organs contributing
      to this effect but only in the case of the liver are sufficient data available
      for comprehensive analysis. More information on intestinal and pulmonary
      metabolism is clearly needed. Simple methods of kinetic analysis already exist,
      however, to assess the relative importance of these organs in presystemic
      elimination, especially in relation to the pre- and postabsorptive types of
      elimination that may occur.

PMID- 378107
TI  - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.

PMID- 378108
TI  - Perinatal renal pharmacology.

PMID- 378109
TI  - The predictive value of rodent carcinogenicity tests in the evaluation of human
      risks.

PMID- 378110
TI  - Pharmacologic interruption of the renin-angiotensin system.

PMID- 378111
TI  - Toxic fungi.
AB  - Much progress in the areas of identification of active components and elucidation
      of the toxic mechanisms for the principal poisonous mushrooms has been made in
      the past decade. This affords a more rational approach to therapeutic management
      which has consequently resulted in a decrease in the morbidity and mortality
      associated with these species. However, the effectiveness of a large number of
      adjuvants for Amanita phalloides poisoning still needs critical laboratory
      evaluation. The current status of knowledge concerning the toxic potential and
      contituents of many mushroom species, including the gastroenteric irritants, is
      inadequate. The problem of geographic variation or genetic strain in the
      concentration of toxins of many species also requires further investigation. The
      recent awareness and interest in the pharmacology and toxicology of uncultivated
      mushrooms in North America and Great Britain should encourage continued active
      research.

PMID- 378112
TI  - [Effect of biologically active substances on Escherichia coli chloramphenicol
      acetyltransferase activity].
AB  - The chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity is mainly localized in the
      membrane fraction of E. coli 103. Protamine hydrochloride, chlorhexidine, a
      cationic detergent, and to a less extent nitrofurans lowered the level of the
      antibiotic inactivation by this strain. Protamine hydrochloride decreased the
      enzyme activity in both the cell culture of E. coli 103 and the suspension of the
      membranes isolated from the cells, while chlorhexidine suppressed only induced
      biosynthesis of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase.

PMID- 378113
TI  - [Dynamics of the change in sensitivity of shigellae to gentamycin and
      cephaloridine in vitro].
AB  - The dynamics of the changes in the Shigella sensitivity to gentamicin and
      cephaloridin was studied in vitro using liquid nutrient media with gradually
      increasing concentrations of the drugs. 50 passages were performed. It was found
      that Shigella flexner and sonnei decreased their sensitivity to gentamicin to a
      little extent and remained middle sensitive. Sensitivity of Shigella flexner to
      cephaloridin also changed to a little extent, while Shigella sonnei became
      moderately resistant.

PMID- 378114
TI  - [Level and nature of the drug resistance of Shigella flexneri].
AB  - Characteristics of antibiotic resistance of 300 strains of Shigella flexner 2a
      isolated from patients within 1976--1977 in the regions where these bacteria were
      very rare for a long period of time were studied. It was shown that most of the
      isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol (88.1 per cent), tetracycline (94.8
      per cent), streptomycin (89.1 per cent), polymyxin M (82.4 per cent) and others.
      46.5--61.6 per cent of the isolates were resistant to neomycin antibiotics. A
      high level of the resistance was also noted: the bactericidal effect was
      registered in 52.0-74.0 per cent of the cultures at a dose of 500--1000
      microgram/ml. 91.4 per cent of the strains possessed multiple dug resistance,
      78.8 per cent of them being simultaneously resistant to 4--7 drugs. Transmissive
      R-plasmids were found in 68.8 per cent of the isolates. After exposure to
      acridine dyes the plasmid nature of the resistance was confirmed in 72.3 per cent
      of the cultures. Variability of the r-determinant sets in r-plasmids was noted.
      Strains (64.9 per cent) carrying r-determinants Tc, Cm, Sm and Tc, Cm were more
      frequent. Strains with one transmissive r-determinant were usually solitary.

PMID- 378115
TI  - [M. F. Khanina].

PMID- 378116
TI  - Flow cytometric determinations of cellular substances in algae, bacteria, moulds
      and yeasts.
AB  - The practical use of flow cytometry is shown in several microbial assays. Recent
      technical improvements in the optics and electronics of flow cytometric systems
      as well as in staining techniques permit the measurements of minute cellular
      components such as the cellular DNA and the protein content of bacteria, algae,
      moulds and yeasts. Single cell ingredients can be measured by this assay
      according to their specific stainability. The cell DNA was stained by propidium
      iodide while the cell protein was fluorochromed by fluorescein-iso-thiocyanate.
      The DNA synthesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces pastorianus runs
      discontinuously while the protein content increases continuously during the
      vegetative growth. The different stages of DNA synthesis of yeast cells can be
      divided into two 'gap' phases, a synthesis and a mitosis period, corresponding to
      Howard and Pelc's model of DNA synthesis. Living and dead cells can be counted
      differentially after staining with Erythrosine B. The red fluorescence of the
      chlorophyll in algae can readily be used to determine the chlorophyll content of
      these cells.

PMID- 378117
TI  - Inositol deficiency in yeast: metabolic, enzymatic and autoradiographic studies.
AB  - The addition of inositol to starved cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 86
      resulted in an initiation of growth. Inositol was incorporated into phosphatidyl
      inositol and after a lag period RNA was the first macromolecule with a rate of
      synthesis departing from the rate observed in deprived cells. Pulse chase
      experiments showed that inositol was first incorporated into phosphatidylinositol
      and later into more polar lipids. Finally it appeared to be excreted into the
      surrounding medium. When S. cerevisiae NCYC 86 was grown in suboptimal
      concentrations of inositol (0,5 microgram/ml), alterations in the level of some
      membrane-bound enzymatic activities were detected; these might reflect structural
      modifications of the cellular membranes due to a different composition of
      phospholipids. High-resolution autoradiography showed that inositol was probably
      first incorporated into internal membranes and later transferred to the plasma
      membrane. Analytical experiments carried out with inositol-deprived cells showed
      that inositol was released into the surrounding medium in that case. The
      unbalanced growth detected in S. cerevisiae NCYC 86 under inositol deprivation
      might be due to an abnormal functioning of the cell membranes as a consequence of
      the deficiency in inositol-containing phospholipids.

PMID- 378118
TI  - Antibodies to phospholipids in experimental nocardiosis.
AB  - Live Nocardia asteroides injected intraperitoneally into guinea pigs produced
      antibodies to phospholipids of Nocardia whereas antibodies were not detected in
      animals injected with heat-killed N. asteroides. The antibody titer was found to
      be related with the degree of infection; a significant decrease was noted after
      sulfadiazine treatment suggesting that antibodies were produced in response to an
      increasing bacterial load that occurred as the infection progressed.

PMID- 378119
TI  - Characterization of motile and acetoin-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae strains by
      DNA: DNA by hybridization.
AB  - Hybridization studies were carried out to determine the extent of divergence
      between different members of the Enterobacteriaceae and group D, previously
      described by numerical analysis of phenotypic characters, and comprising strains
      isolated from surface waters. This group, apparently belonging in or related to
      the genus Citrobacter on the basis of the IMViC tests differs from this taxon by
      numerical analysis and DNA base composition. Our work reveals a DNA relatedness
      of 81-89% between the centrotype strain of this group and the genus Klebsiella.
      Although strains of group D show positive motility and negative Voges-Proskauer
      reactions, a comparison of their phenotypic characters leads us to consider that
      the strains with a high level of hybridization within this group belong to K.
      pneumoniae. These results suggest a complete revision of the traditional
      classification scheme of the genus Klebsiella.

PMID- 378121
TI  - Impedance as a parameter for bacterial growth in medical microbiology
      [proceedings].

PMID- 378120
TI  - Taxonomy of coagulase-negative staphylococci: a comparison of two widely used
      classification schemes.
AB  - In a comparative study 351 strains of Micrococcus subgroups 1-3 (Baird-Parker,
      1963, 1965, 1974) were classified according to the Kloos and Schleifer scheme
      (1975b). The results showed that Micrococcus subgroups 1, 2 and 3 are
      heterogeneous groups in the Kloos and Schleifer scheme. Strains belonging to
      Micrococcus subgroups 1 and 2 were mostly classified by the Kloos and Schleifer
      criteria as Staphylococcus hominis, Micrococcus subgroup 3 strains from the skin
      as S. cohnii, while Micrococcus subgroup 3 strains from urinary infections were
      classified mainly as S. saprophyticus. The correlation of novobiocin resistant S.
      saprophyticus biotype III (Baird-Parker, 1974) with S. saprophyticus (Kloos and
      Schleifer, 1975a, 1975b) when isolated from urine, was 80%. Although the Kloos
      and Schleifer scheme provides more information about biochemical characters,
      doubts are expressed about the validity of some of the species so delineated.

PMID- 378122
TI  - The hepatitis B-related 'e' antigen-antibody system as measured by enzyme
      immunoassay [proceedings].

PMID- 378123
TI  - Basal ganglia. Historical perspective.

PMID- 378124
TI  - Thalamic recordings during stereotactic surgery. I. Surgery topography of evoked
      and nonevoked rhythmic cellular activity.

PMID- 378125
TI  - Position of the medial internal capsular border in relation to third-ventricular
      width.
AB  - The position of the medial internal capsular border (lateral thalamic border) in
      relation to the width of the third ventricle is of considerable importance to
      stereotactic surgeons. Close estimation of its position from anteroposterior
      roentgenograms diminishes the possibility of multiple brain penetrations in an
      attempt to find it by electrophysiological methods. By correlating the position
      of the medial capsular border found by a stimulation technique, with the width of
      the third ventricle, in a series of 130 patients, reliable ranges of its position
      were obtained.

PMID- 378126
TI  - Induction of mutation in Escherichia coli by freeze-drying.
AB  - The effect of freeze-drying on phenotypic reversion of amino acid auxotrophy to
      prototrophy was studied in Escherichia coli. In a radioresistant strain, E. coli
      H/r 30 (uvr+ exr+), which can repair the deoxyribonucleic acid damaged due to
      freeze-drying, an increased mutation frequency from auxotrophy to prototrophy was
      observed with increased time of freeze-drying of the cells. On the other hand, in
      a radiosensitive strain, E. coli NG 30 (recA), which cannot repair the damaged
      deoxyribonucleic acid due to a lack of repair enzyme system, no significant
      reversion occurred, although the survival rate was very low. The rate of
      phenotypic reversion dut to freeze-drying in both E. coli RIMD 0509109 (uvr+
      exr+) and RIMD 0509115 (uvr exr+) was almost the same, indicating that the
      phenomenon is independent of the uvr character. From these results it is
      concluded that mutation was induced in E. coli cells during the rehydration when
      the damaged deoxyribonucleic acid was repaired by exr character of the cells.
      Thus, we propose that a serious consideration should be paid to the freeze-drying
      technique to preserve bacterial cells.

PMID- 378127
TI  - Vivo clearance of enteric bacteria from the hemolymph of the hard clam and the
      American oyster.
AB  - American oysters, Crassostrea virginica, and hard clams, Mercenaria mercenaria,
      were experimentally contaminated with Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium,
      and Shigella flexneri either by intracardial injection or via the natural route
      of ingestion. Bacterial inactivation in the hemolymph was monitored for 72 h
      after exposure to these enteric pathogens at 20 and 6 degrees C. At 6 degrees C,
      both mean bacterial uptake by ingestion and subsequent clearance was
      singificantly lower that at 20 degrees C. However, substantial bacterial
      clearance from the hemolymph occurred for both shellfish at each temperature. At
      20 degrees C, viable bacteria were no longer detectable after 24 h in hemolymph
      of either clams or oysters after exposure to contaminated water containing 4 x
      10(3) bacteria per ml.

PMID- 378128
TI  - Automated electrical impedance technique for rapid enumeration of fecal coliforms
      in effluents from sewage treatment plants.
AB  - Fecal coliforms growing in a selective lactose-based broth medium at 44.5 degrees
      C generate a change in the electrical impedance of the culture relative to a
      sterile control when populations reach 10(6) to 10(7) per ml. The ratio of these
      changes was measured automatically, and the data were processed by computer. A
      linear relation was found between the log10 of the number of fecal coliforms in
      an inoculum and the time required for an electrical impedance ratio signal to be
      detected. Pure culture inocula consisting of 100 fecal coliforms in log phase or
      stationary phase were detected in 6.5 and 7.7 h, respectively. Standard curves of
      log10 fecal coliforms in wastewater inocula versus detection time, based on
      samples collected at a sewage treatment plant over a 4-month period, were found
      to vary from one another with time. Nevertheless, detection times were rapid and
      ranged from 5.8 to 7.9 h for 200 fecal coliforms to 8.7 to 11.4 h for 1 fecal
      coliform. Variations in detection times for a given number of fecal coliforms
      were also found among sewage treatment plants. A strategy is proposed which takes
      these variations into account and allows for rapid, automated enumeration of
      fecal coliforms in wastewater by the electrical impedance ratio technique.

PMID- 378129
TI  - Rapid, single-step most-probable-number method for enumerating fecal coliforms in
      effluents from sewage treatment plants.
AB  - A single-step most-probable-number method for enumerating fecal coliforms in
      sewage treatment plant effluents is described. The method requires the use of
      only one lactose-based medium and a single incubation temperature of 44.5 degrees
      C, and it can be completed in 18 h or less, as compared with up to 72 h for the
      standard most-probable-number method. The appearance of growth is the sole
      criterion used for designating positives, which can be determined either by
      increases in the electrical impedance ratio of inoculated medium, as compared to
      an uninoculated control using a Bactometer model 32, or by visual examination of
      inoculated medium for turbidity. In trials with 53 samples of unchlorinated
      sewage treatment plant effluent, fecal coliform counts by the single-step most
      probable-number method, throughout a range of less than 10 to almost 10(7) fecal
      coliforms per 100 ml of effluent, were in excellent agreement with counts
      abtained by the standard most-probable-number procedure. Similar agreement was
      obtained in comparative trials with 31 chlorinated effluent samples from two
      sewage treatment plants. Overall, 87% of 452 positives were confirmed as
      containing fecal coliforms. The applicability of the single-step most-probable
      number method to automated sewage treatment plant operations is discussed.

PMID- 378131
TI  - Demonstration of invasiveness of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in adult rabbits by
      immunofluorescence.
AB  - To determine possible pathogenesis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus-host-organ system
      interactions, studies of invasiveness were made by a direct fluorescent-antibody
      method. Broth cultures of live cells isolated from seafish or symptomatic humans
      were inoculated separately into ligated ileal loops of young New Zealand white
      rabbits. After suitable incubation, rabbits were sacrificed, and ileal loops and
      tissue specimens were aseptically removed. Ileal loops were prepared and stained
      with specific fluorescein-tagged antibody, and organ specimens were cultured for
      isolation of the inoculated Vibrio strain. All strains tested penetrated into the
      lamina propria of the ileum and were isolated from the cultured tissue specimens,
      indicating that the organism is capable of more than a superficial colonization
      of the gut. The presence of Vibrio in cultured tissue specimens suggests invasion
      of deeper tissue by either the lymphatic or the circulatory system.

PMID- 378130
TI  - Chlorine injury and the enumeration of waterborne coliform bacteria.
AB  - Injury induced in Escherichia coli cells by chlorination was studied from a
      physiological standpoint. Predictable and reproducible injury was found to occur
      rapidly in 0.5 mg of chlorine per liter and was reversible under nonselective
      conditions. There was an extended lag period in the growth of chlorinated cells
      not seen in control suspensions followed by the resumption of logarithmic growth
      at a rate equaling that of control cells. The aldolase activity of cells
      chlorinated in vivo was equivalent to that obtained for control cells. Oxygen
      uptake experiments showed that chlorinated cells underwent a decrease in
      respiration that was not immediatedly repaired in the presence of reducing
      agents. This effect was more pronouned in rich media containing reducing agents.
      Uptake of metabolities was inhibited by chlorine injury as shown with experiments
      using 14C-labeled glucose and algal protein hydrolysate.

PMID- 378132
TI  - Mutagenicity of the mycotoxin emodin in the salmonella/microsome system.
AB  - The mycotoxin emodin was found to be a frameshift mutagen for Salmonella
      typhimurium strain TA 1537 after metabolic activation in a mammalian microsome
      system.

PMID- 378133
TI  - Determination of lipopolysaccharide by a bioluminescence technique.
AB  - The determination of the lipid A content of bacterial lipopolysaccharide by using
      a dim mutant of the luminous bacterium Beneckea harveyi is described. The
      luminous bacteria emitted light upon the addition of an acid hydrolysate of
      lipopolysaccharide which contained myristic acid, thus making it possible to
      detect as little as 1 ng of lipopolysaccharide. By converting the 3-OH-myristic
      acid to myristic acid, it was possible to further increase the detection
      sensitivity and to establish a basis for a specific and highly sensitive bioassay
      for the detection of lipopolysaccharide.

PMID- 378134
TI  - Physical studies on proteins L3 and L24 from the 50 S subunit of the Escherichia
      coli ribosome.

PMID- 378135
TI  - Studies on the subunits of the anthranilate synthetase-phosphoribosyltransferase
      enzyme complex from Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 378136
TI  - Gram-negative folliculitis without systemic antibiotics?

PMID- 378137
TI  - Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid.

PMID- 378138
TI  - Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid.

PMID- 378139
TI  - Mixed bullous disease.

PMID- 378140
TI  - Prophylactic and preventive antibiotic therapy: timing, duration and economics.
AB  - Previous studies have demonstrated that administered antibiotics must be active
      against major anticipated pathogens and must have reached sufficient
      concentrations in the tissue or body fluid at risk by the time of bacterial
      challenge if prophylactic therapy is to be maximally effective in reducing the
      infection rate of potentially contaminated surgery. The need for continuing
      antibiotic prophylaxis beyond the day of operation, however, has been uncertain.
      In a prospective, randomized, double-blind study of 220 patients undergoing
      elective gastric, biliary or colonic surgery, perioperative administration of
      cefamandole plus five days of placebo was compared to perioperative plus five
      days of postoperative antibiotic therapy; no significant difference was found
      between the groups in the rate of infection of wound (6 and 5%, respectively),
      peritoneum (2% each) and elsewhere (6% and 5%). In another prospective,
      randomized, nonblind study of 451 determinant cases of 1,624 patients undergoing
      emergency laparotomy, cephalothin was instituted preoperatively but after
      peritoneal contamination had occurred (i.e., abdominal trauma, etc.); continued
      postoperative antibiotic again failed to reduce further the wound and peritoneal
      infection rates, as noted on comparing perioperative therapy alone (infection
      rates 8 and 4%, respectively) with perioperative plus 5-7 days of postoperative
      treatment (10% and 5%, respectively). Analysis of these data, as well as of the
      extra expenses incurred by 463 patients because of infection in a previous
      prophylactic antibiotic study, revealed an average additional expenditure of
      $2,686.00 for each instance of postoperative infection of the wound and/or
      peritoneum; whereas savings of $300.00 per patient at risk were obtained whenever
      appropriate prophylactic antibiotic had been given.

PMID- 378141
TI  - Coarctation of the abdominal aorta: pathophysiologic and therapeutic
      considerations.
AB  - Coarctation of the aorta is the most frequent cause of hypertension in infants
      and children. Ninety-eight per cent of coarctations occur in the descending aorta
      near the ligamentum arteriosus. Five patients are presented with the relatively
      rare problem of coarctation of the abdominal aorta. The anatomic,pathophysiologic
      and clinical aspects in these patients cover a range of variants. Clinical and
      laboratory studies of the genesis of hypertension in coarctation are reviewed in
      chronologic outline. An experimental model of abdominal coarctation with
      hypertensive and renin-angiotensin II correlations suggests but does not prove a
      renal mechanism for the hypertension. The same conclusion must be drawn from
      study of the clinical cases.

PMID- 378143
TI  - A new method of sternal reclosure.
AB  - A new method is described for stabilizing dehiscence or instability of median
      sternotomy incisions using stainless steel retention sutures. The method has been
      used successfully in patients who had disruption of the sternum following open
      heart surgery and resulted in no complications. It is recommended also as a
      preventive measure for closure of the sternum in elderly, debilitated patients
      with a fragile sternum and with prolonged low cardiac output after operation.

PMID- 378142
TI  - Effects of pulsatile perfusion pressure and storage on hearts preserved for 24
      hours under hypothermia, for transplantation.
AB  - Canine hearts preserved for 24 hours under hypothermic pulsatile perfusion at a
      systolic pressure of 25 mm Hg had better perfusion and transplantation survival
      results than hearts perfused at 50 or 80 mm Hg. Also, hearts perfused at a
      systolic pressure of 25 mm Hg did better than simple hypothermically stored
      hearts or fresh allografts. These findings indicate that hearts are adequately
      perfused for 24 hours under hypothermia for transplantation at a systolic
      pressure of 25 mm Hg.

PMID- 378144
TI  - A simple method for closure of patient ductus arteriosus in elderly patients.
AB  - A relatively simple and safe method for closure of the patient ductus arteriosus
      in the elderly patient is described. It has been done successfully in 4 patients.

PMID- 378145
TI  - Carpentier rings and tricuspid insufficiency.

PMID- 378146
TI  - Surgical treatment of aneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva.
AB  - From 1962 to 1976, 15 patients with aneurysms of the sinus of Valsalva underwent
      operative correction. All patients survived operation. Follow-up has been carried
      out for as long as fifteen years (median, six years) after operation. There have
      been no late deaths and no recurrences. Aortic insufficiency, present in 2
      patients before and in 2 after operation, remained well compensated and required
      no further aortic valve procedure. A double approach, that is, through both the
      aorta and the involved cardiac chamber, is recommended for sufficient correction.

PMID- 378147
TI  - Rupture of postcoarctation mycotic aneurysms of the aorta.
AB  - Sudden and usually fatal rupture is a common complication of postcoarctation
      mycotic aneurysms. Prompt operative treatment is always indicated, and can be
      performed using one of three techniques depending on the adequacy of the
      collateral circulation and the presence or absence of active bacterial infection.
      Renal dysfunction commonly is associated with bacterial endarteritis and is
      secondary to an immune-complex glomerulonephritis. The patient reported here was
      treated successfully by the placement of an emergency axillofemoral bypass graft,
      removal of the infected portion of the descending thoracic aorta, and delayed
      intrathoracic reconstruction.

PMID- 378148
TI  - Aneurysmal bone cyst of the sternum.

PMID- 378149
TI  - Endobronchial balloon tamponade of hemoptysis in patients with cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 378150
TI  - Device for the rapid insertion of a permanent endocardial pacing electrode
      through the subclavian vein: preliminary report.

PMID- 378151
TI  - Radical enlargement of the aortic root and outflow tract to allow valve
      replacement.
AB  - A method of radical enlargement of the aortic root and outflow tract is
      described. The technique consists of incising the aortic annulus, the anterior
      mitral leaflet, and the superior aspect of the left atrium. Valve replacement is
      then possible, with patch reconstruction of the resulting defects.

PMID- 378152
TI  - Late complications following surgical repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous
      return below the diaphragm.
AB  - Between May, 1975, and June, 1977, we surgically repaired an infracardiac total
      anomalous pulmonary venous return in 4 infants under deep hypothermic cardiac
      arrest. All patients had pulmonary hypertension and a patent ductus arteriosus.
      All survived operation and required positive end-expiratory pressure with
      mechanical ventilation. Late complications included patent ductus arteriosus not
      visualized at initial catheterization, breakdown of an oversewn atrial septal
      defect repair, and pulmonary venous obstruction despite an anastomosis diamter of
      1.5 to 2.5 cm. At reoperation, there was scarring and contraction at the junction
      of the pulmonary veins and left atrium. One infant with these complications died
      post-operatively. In another patient, there was kinking of the left lower
      pulmonary vein at its juncture with the left atrium. In view of these
      complications we currently recommend the following: ligation of the ductus
      arteriosus regardless of catheterization findings; a right-sided approach to
      avoid pulmonary vein kinking; prosthetic patch closure of the atrial septal
      defect to avoid excessive tension on suture lines and to maintain maximum left
      atrial size; stellate anastomosis to provide the largest possible drainage
      channel; awareness that an unusually high positive end-expiratory pressure may be
      required postoperatively; and early recatheterization.

PMID- 378153
TI  - Classic shunting operations as part of two-stage repair for tetralogy of Fallot.
AB  - One hundred forty-nine consecutive patients with tetralogy of Fallot, with or
      without pulmonary atresia, underwent Blalock-Taussig or Waterston operation for
      initial palliation. Of these patients, 45 were less than 6 months old, and 63
      were less than 1 year old. The type of shunt, and the presence or absence of
      pulmonary atresia did not have a significant effect (p greater than 0.2) on
      hospital mortality. Parametric analysis showed a significant effect of age (p =
      0.03), the risk of hospital death being 6% at 1 month of age, 4% at 3 months, 3%
      at 6 months, and 2.5% at 12 months. No late deaths occurred before the age of 3
      years. Six patients (4.2% of the hospital survivors) required another operation
      before they were 3 years old. Severe arm ischemia occurred after a Blalock
      Taussig shunt in 1 infant with Down's syndrome.

PMID- 378154
TI  - The use of internal and external vascular conduits for correction of D
      transposition of the great arteries and double-outlet right ventricle with
      pulmonary atresia.
AB  - Between 1967 and 1978, an 11-year-old boy had undergone 3 separate systemic
      pulmonary artery shunt operations. Two of the 3 shunt operations failed. The
      patient was restudied because of progressive cyanosis and was diagnosed as having
      D-transposition of the great arteries and double-outlet right ventricle with
      pulmonary atresia. Repair was successfully accomplished with the use of an
      internal vascular conduit and an external vascular conduit with a glutaraldehyde
      treated porcine valve. Four months after the corrective procedure, the patient's
      exercise tolerance had improved dramatically.

PMID- 378156
TI  - Hydrochlorothiazide-induced pulmonary edema. Report of a case and review of the
      literature.
AB  - Immediately following the initial ingestion of hydrochlorothiazide, acute
      pulmonary edema developed in a patient who previously used bendroflumethiazide.
      Unlike previously published reports, we studied the patient from immunologic and
      pulmonary function aspects. Using standard techniques, no significant
      immunological mechanisms could be demonstrated. The pulmonary function testing
      disclosed a widened alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient and mildly decreased
      diffusing capacity that cleared on serial testing. We believe that this
      demonstrates a rare idiosyncratic reaction that apparently is seen specifically
      with hydrochlorothiazide and not with other thiazide medications.

PMID- 378157
TI  - [In memory of Ettore Ruggieri].

PMID- 378155
TI  - Ventricular septal defect following myocardial infarction.
AB  - Review of the literature since 1970 revealed more than 200 patients who had a
      ventricular septal defect following myocardial infarction and underwnet
      operation. Pathogenesis and diagnosis are discussed. The primary therapy is
      operative repair, which is considered from the standpoint of approach, timing,
      technique, concomitant coronary artery bypass, mortality, and long-term survival.
      Operative mortality in those patients operated on less than 3 weeks following
      perforation remains high (40%) but when it is possible to wait 3 weeks, there is
      a marked decrease in mortality (6%). Several general principles have evolved for
      the care of these patients. (1) Operation should be deferred until 3 weeks after
      infarction if possible. (2) The intraaortic balloon allows preoperative
      evaluation of the patient with clinical hemodynamic deterioration in the early
      postinfarction period. (3) The incision should be placed through the infarct. (4)
      Associated coronary artery or mitral valve disease should be repaired as well.

PMID- 378159
TI  - [Lymphocyte transformation test in the calf].
AB  - Studies into the effects of the environment on health and performance of
      agricultural animals are of clear-cut relevance to farming practice. The
      theoretical and practical importance of lymphocyte transformation to any
      assessment of immunological reactivity under defined environmental conditions,
      therefore, is reported in this paper. Communicated is methodical experience
      obtained from isolation of lymphocytes from peripheral blood of calves,
      lymphocyte culturing, and morphological evaluation of lymphocyte transformation.
      Views are given on the suitability of the lymphocyte transformation test. The
      following results have been obtained: Centrifugation of defibrinated blood, using
      "Visotrast-370", is recommended for lymphocyte isolation. Morphological
      evaluation will ensure a high degree of precision when 1 x 10(6) cells in one
      millilitre culturing fluid are to be cultured over three days, the culturing
      fluid consisting of 20 per cent of autologous serum and 80 per cent of Eagle
      medium, antibiotics, and a portion of 1-vol.% of phytohaemagglutinin (Wellcome).
      The lymphocyte transformation test, for its methodical accuracy, is good enough
      to detect and identify environmental effects on immunological reactivity of calf.
      It is likely to reflect the immunological response to an antigen application.

PMID- 378158
TI  - [Intrathoracic teratomas].

PMID- 378160
TI  - Differentiating exogenous psychiatric illness from schizophrenia.
AB  - Retaining an individual on psychiatric dispensary lists long after a single
      psychotic episode can result in unnecessary restriction of his or her social
      vocational rights and responsibilities. This study demonstrates that an early
      clinical differention can be made between exogenous psychoses and progressive
      schizophrenia. The validity of the clinical differentiation was enhanced by
      demonstrating that a computer learning and pattern-recognition program was
      capable of using signs and symptoms recorded in the first psychotic episode to
      make a differential diagnosis that coincided closely with diagnoses made at a
      later date by clinicians aware of the subsequent clinical course. This kind of
      approach to standardized nosologic principles may expand the possibility for more
      appropriate application of psychotropic medications, psychotherapy, and somatic
      treatments, as well as more accurate social-vocational prognoses.

PMID- 378161
TI  - Lithium as a prophylactic agent in unipolar affective illness: comparison with
      cyclic antidepressants.

PMID- 378162
TI  - Lithium in child and adolescent psychiatry.

PMID- 378163
TI  - Lithium in the treatment of other psychiatric and nonpsychiatric disorders.

PMID- 378164
TI  - Effect of lithium on mood, cognition, and personality function in normal
      subjects.

PMID- 378165
TI  - [Organization and activities of the health services during the 1st period of the
      insurrection on Polish territories under German administration after World War I
      (27 December 1918--15 January 1919)].

PMID- 378166
TI  - [Reports of professors of the Medical Department of the Jagellonian University in
      Cracow, relating to the history of Polish medicine].

PMID- 378167
TI  - [Old medical prints from the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries at the Seminary
      Library in Tarnow].

PMID- 378168
TI  - [Organization and staffing of the health services of the insurgent Army in Great
      Poland (16 January 1919--13 November 1919)].

PMID- 378169
TI  - [History of mutual assistance cooperatives].

PMID- 378170
TI  - [Polish forensic medicine in the 2d half of the 19th century].

PMID- 378171
TI  - [Dissertations sent to the Warsaw Society of Friends of Sciences by its members,
      physicians as well as pharmacists].

PMID- 378172
TI  - [Jons Jacob Berzelius (1779-1848) and the beginnings of physiological chemistry].

PMID- 378173
TI  - [Health conditions and medicine of the Slav peoples according to the oldest
      chronicles].

PMID- 378174
TI  - Type 2 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with electron-dense basement
      membrane alteration in the spleen.

PMID- 378175
TI  - Localization of IgE in tissues by an immunoperoxidase technique.
AB  - An indirect immunoperoxidase technique was used to study the content and
      distribution of IgE in formaldehyde solution-fixed, paraffin-embedded adenoid and
      nasal tissues of atopic and nonatopic persons. Adenoid tissue from 15 patients,
      and nasal tissue from five patients with symptoms of inhalant allergies and
      augmented serum levels of total and allergen-specific IgE were examined with this
      method. Adenoid tissues from five patients without allergic symptoms were studied
      for comparison. A rich content of IgE, largely within the cytoplasm of the plasma
      cells, was observed in tissues of atopic subjects. The sections from nonallergic
      persons contained few weakly staining IgE-positive cells. These observations
      provide anatomic support for the role of IgE in hypersensitivity reaction of
      immediate type. This immunoperoxidase technique, circumventing the principal
      shortcomings of the immunofluorescence procedures, affords a highly sensitive and
      practical approach to cellular and tissue localization of IgE.

PMID- 378176
TI  - Histiocytic lymphoma in a patient with Lennert's lymphoma. Report of a case with
      unusual cytoplasmic inclusions.
AB  - The transformation of Lennert's lymphoma into histiocytic lymphoma appears to be
      part of the natural history of the disorder rather than therapeutically induced.
      Unusual paranuclear nonmembrane-bound filamentous inclusions were found in many
      of the neoplastic cells in the histiocytic lymphoma. We report evidence for the
      immunoglobulin nature of this material, indicating a B cell origin of the
      neoplasm.

PMID- 378177
TI  - Skeletal muscle in polymyositis. Immunohistochemical study.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with adult-onset polymyositis uncomplicated by cancer or
      systemic connective tissue disease were studied. Muscle biopsy specimens were
      examined with direct immunofluorescence microscopy and results were compared with
      those in 94 control subjects. Sarcolemmal and sarcoplasmic staining were observed
      in both groups and considered to be nonspecific. Immune deposits in the muscle
      microvasculature were present in some cases of systemic lupus erythematosus and
      dermatomyositis but were not present in polymyositis. Our data suggest that the
      finding of vascular immunofluorescence excludes the diagnosis of adult
      polymyositis and implies that the pathogenesis of this disease and other
      idiopathic inflammatory myopathies may differ.

PMID- 378178
TI  - Unipolar nonspecific esterase activity in leukemic histiocytic lymphoma.

PMID- 378179
TI  - Pathology standards for coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Report of the
      Pneumoconiosis Committee of the College of American Pathologists to the National
      Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

PMID- 378180
TI  - Surgical management of traumatic injuries of the right colon. Twenty years of
      civilian experience.
AB  - Three hundred seven patients with right colon injuries were treated at Parkland
      Memorial Hospital, Dallas, between 1953 and 1973. These injuries were managed
      with loop colostomies, suture and cecostomy, primary repair, right colectomy,
      diverting colostomy, and appendectomy or cecostomy alone. The indications and
      results of each type of repair are analyzed separately. The mortality (3.21%),
      morbidity (22%), and hospital stay were not related to the modality of treatment,
      but were influenced by the injuring agent. Adequate treatment of civilian right
      colon injuries implies careful individualization to avoid serious septic
      complications and subsequent mortality.

PMID- 378181
TI  - Should the ruptured renal allograft be removed?
AB  - During a 16-month period when 93 renal transplants were performed, eight kidney
      graft ruptures were detected within 18 days of transplantation, without evidence
      of venous obstruction. Six grafts were removed at the time of an exploratory
      operation for rupture and only one showed signs of probable irreversible
      rejection when examined by microscopy. Two graft ruptures were repaired and one
      of these grafts has had good long-term function 22 months later. These
      observations suggest that if bleeding at the site of grafts has had good long
      term function 22 months later. These observations suggest that if bleeding at the
      site of graft rupture can be securely controlled and if the conditions of the
      patient and of the graft are favorable except for the rupture, it may be possible
      to save more than one of eight grafts.

PMID- 378182
TI  - The chemical and biochemical reactivity of dichlorvos.
AB  - The chemical structure, reactivity and metabolic fate of the insecticide
      dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) are discussed in relation to
      the possible genotoxicity of this and other methyl phosphate triesters. Recent
      attempts to demonstrate the methylation of DNA following exposure of bacteria and
      animals to dichlorvos are reviewed. On the basis of comparative data relating
      mutagenesis to methylation reactions, it seems entirely appropriate to conclude
      that the mutagenicity of dichlorvos to bacteria is due solely to methylation of
      the bacterial DNA under the conditions of these tests. However, the methylation
      of mammalian DNA could not be demonstrated under realistic exposure conditions
      (when the alkylating mutagen methyl methanesulphonate afforded clearly measurable
      methylation). The failure to detect methylation by dichlorvos in vivo is
      attributed to the operation of highly efficient enzyme-catalysed
      biotransformations which rely largely on the phosphorylating reactivity of
      dichlorvos. The biotransformation pathways, characterised mostly in the rat,
      appear to be common also to pig, mouse, hamster, and man.

PMID- 378183
TI  - Molecular basis of infectivity and pathogenicity of myxovirus. Brief review.

PMID- 378184
TI  - Comparative properties of the inclusion body proteins of the nucleopolyhedrosis
      viruses of Neodiprion sertifer and Lymantria dispar.
AB  - A comparison was made on the properties of the inclusion body proteins of two
      insect viruses: the nucleopolyhedrosis viruses of the European pine sawfly,
      Neodiprion sertifer, Geoffroy, and the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, Linnaeus.
      The inclusion body proteins were characterized by the following parameters: amino
      acid composition, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the absence and presence
      of sodium dodecyl sulfate--mercaptoethanol, isoelectric focusing, and alkaline
      protease activity. The properties of the inclusion body proteins of the two
      viruses were similar in many respects, but clear differences were observed. A
      principal difference was the absence of alkaline protease activity associated
      with the inclusion body proteins of N. sertifer nucleopolyhedrosis virus.

PMID- 378186
TI  - [Electron histochemical method of detecting acetylcholinesterase in the
      neuromuscular synapse].

PMID- 378187
TI  - [Viktor Valentinovich Portugalov (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 378185
TI  - Macromolecular structure of nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome.
AB  - DNA preparations from nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) of Galleria mellonella L.
      (GmL) were fractionated in high ionic strength neutral sucrose gradient. This
      procedure allowed a separation of supercoiled infectious DNA molecules with
      contour length of 48--52 microns from infectious open ring DNA molecule, and
      noninfectious linear DNA molecules of the same size. In addition a heterogeneity
      of supercoiled DNA molecules was detected. Covalently closed DNA molecules did
      not contain protein or ribonucleotide ligands which could be digested by pronase
      or pancreatic RNase treatment. It is concluded from data on the infectivity of
      different molecular forms of DNA and reassociation kinetics studies, that the
      genome of GmL NPV is a unique ring nucleotide sequence with a molecular weight of
      about 90--100 X 10(6).

PMID- 378188
TI  - [Use of modifications of the peroxidase method for studying the intercentral
      connections of the brain].

PMID- 378189
TI  - Immunofluorescence in the diagnosis and management of cutaneous disease.

PMID- 378190
TI  - Arizona Health Sciences Center and the Vice President (Merlin K. DuVal).

PMID- 378191
TI  - [Pressing problems of the intravital morphological diagnosis of pathological
      states of the endometrium].
AB  - The important problems of morphological diagnosis of the endometrium conditions
      by scrapings are dealt with. The necessary information in the features of the
      functional organization of the normal and pathological endometrium as well as the
      required histochemical and histoenzymatic methods of examination are presented.
      The principles of diagnosis of glandular hyperplasia and atypical glandular
      hyperplasia of the endometrium and of differential diagnosis from highly
      diffentiated variants of endometrium cancer are described. The influence of
      hormonal therapy on endometrial carcinomas is discussed. It is emphasized that
      pathologists should give due consideration to the clinical data. A sample of the
      form for sending of the endometrial scrapings into the laboratory is presented.

PMID- 378192
TI  - [Immunomorphological method of study with a peroxidase antibody label].
AB  - Among different variants of immunoperoxidase method preference is given to its
      indirect variant with labeling of pure antibody with peroxidase by a two-step
      procedure. Examples of the use of this method for the detection of serum
      proteins, tissue antigens, and autoantibody are presented. The best results are
      achieved in treatment of sections with pure antibody instead of antisera.

PMID- 378193
TI  - [Bactericidal action of formalin on the causative agent of plague].
AB  - Ten per cent neutral formalin in a ratio 1 : 20 was demonstrated to be useful as
      a desinfecting and fixing substance in pathohistological examinations of organs
      and tissues animals infected with the causative agent of plague. With test
      objects' volume of 1.0 cm3 the optimal period of exposure providing a permanent
      bactericidal effect is 24 hours, with volumes of 1.5 and 2.0 cm3-2 days. The
      fixing effect of formalin on tissues is exerted in 3-4 days.

PMID- 378194
TI  - [Karl Rokitansky, outstanding pathologist (on the 175th anniversary of his
      birth)].

PMID- 378195
TI  - [Disseminated intravascular coagulation in the practice of the pathologist].
AB  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) of blood develops as a result of a
      sharp increase in the release of thromboplastic substances. The mechanism of
      disseminated thrombosis is switched in at the level of the microcirculatory bed
      with defibrination of the peripheral blood and subsequent hemorrhages and
      bleedings. The causes of DIC development may include complications of pregnancy
      and delivery, different kinds of shock including endotoxin shock, hemorrhage,
      hemolysis. Histomorphological findings in DIC are as follows: hemorrhagic
      syndrome, fibrin thrombi in capillaries, arterioles and venules of the skin,
      kidneys, adrenals, hypophysis, gastrointestinal tract, lungs and other organs
      followed by necroses and hemorrhages in these organs. Clinically, DIC is
      manifested by symptoms of insufficiency of the affected organs (acute renal
      insufficiency, Waterhouse-Fridericksen syndrome, etc).

PMID- 378196
TI  - Dagen des oordeels. Pathokinetic mechanisms and molecular messengers (a dramatic
      view).

PMID- 378197
TI  - History of occlusive cerebrovascular disease I. from Wepfer to Moniz.
AB  - Occlusive cerebrovascular disease of carotid and vertebral arteries was described
      by Wepfer in 1658 and by Willis in 1665. Wepfer thought apoplexy resulted from
      occlusive disease of the vessels. Willis described collateral channels between
      these vessels, which prevented the development of stroke.

PMID- 378198
TI  - History of occlusive cerebrovascular disease. II. After Moniz, with special
      reference to surgical treatment.
AB  - Angiography and related procedures are discussed. Ophthalmodynamometry, recording
      of bruits and temporal pulse, and thermography have been mentioned. Transient
      ischemic attacks (TIAs) and some causes are described: embolic obstruction,
      followed by absorption of the clot or its removal in the blood, with symtomatic
      recovery; hemodynamic crisis resulting from lowering of systemic blood pressure
      by hemorrhage due to trauma, gastrointestinal bleeding, and other causes with
      recovery following blood replacement. Special types of occlusive disease include
      fibromuscular hyperplasia of the carotid, dissecting aneurysm of the aortic arch
      and branches, causing carotid and vertebral occlusions, moyamoya disease, and low
      profusion syndrome, generalized or unilateral. Surgical management includes
      reconstructive surgery and endarterectomy of extracranial vessels supplying the
      brain and extracranial-intracranial vascular anastomosis.

PMID- 378199
TI  - Bromocriptine treatment of spasmodic torticollis. A double-blind crossover study.
AB  - A double-blind crossover study (12 weeks and 12 weeks) was performed to evaluate
      the effects of bromocriptine on the symptoms and serum prolactin levels of 14
      women with spasmodic torticollis. While the serum prolactin level decreased in
      response to bromocriptine, no difference was found between the effects of placebo
      and bromocriptine on the symptoms of spasmodic torticollis. Our findings suggest
      that dopaminergic neurotransmission is not involved in the pathogenesis of this
      syndrome.

PMID- 378200
TI  - Safety precautions with spongiform encephalopathy.

PMID- 378201
TI  - Ultrastructural study of the resin infiltration zone in acid-treated human
      enamel.

PMID- 378202
TI  - Variation in corneal graft size related to trephine technique.
AB  - To determine the range of variation in corneal transplant tissue size induced by
      slight changes in trephination technique, four human corneas that had been stored
      in McCarey-Kaufman medium and 11 intact human globes were used. Endothelial
      surface trephination yielded a smaller corneal button than epithelial
      trephination. In the intact eye, the higher the intraocular pressure was, the
      larger the resulting corneal diameter. With use of a trephine with a central
      plunger, the higher the obturator was, the larger the diameter of the resulting
      tissue. Also, the duller the trephine was, the larger the diameter of the cut,
      due to difficulty in tissue penetration. Thus, slight variations can markedly
      affect the match in size between donor and recipient.

PMID- 378203
TI  - Retropharyngeal mediastinal pneumatocele. Report of a case.
AB  - We report the case of an infant with penetrating neck trauma followed by an upper
      respiratory tract obstruction. This case presented a diagnostic and management
      dilemma because of the development of an unusual retropharyngeal collection of
      air. In our review of the medical literature, we were unable to find any other
      case with a similar manifestation and clinical course.

PMID- 378204
TI  - Pathologic quiz. Lymphoma, histiocytic type.

PMID- 378205
TI  - Reconstruction after total laryngopharyngectomy.
AB  - After resection of a hypopharyngeal cancer, utilization of the remaining
      pharyngeal mucosa in restoring pharyngoesophageal continuity is the procedure of
      choice. This is possible in most patients. However, a few patients have cancers
      that involve the posterior pharyngeal wall and esophageal introitus. Resection in
      this group involves complete removal of a segment of the laryngopharynx and
      reconstruction with the use of tissue from the adjacent side of the neck, chest,
      or alimentary canal. Between 1965 and 1974, 44 patients required reconstruction
      of a pharyngeal defect with the use of adjacent skin flaps or visceral
      interposition. Pharyngeal reconstruction with the use of these techniques
      involved multiple operative procedures, a greater morbidity, and a large time
      investment by the patient and surgeon. Survival of these patients was shorter
      than survival of patients who had repair by primary closure of the pharyngeal
      mucosa because of the extent of the primary lesions.

PMID- 378206
TI  - Ernst Reissner 1824--1878.
AB  - Ernst Reissner studied the formation of the inner ear initially using the embryos
      of fowls, then the embryos of mammals, mainly cows and pigs, and to a less extent
      the embryos of man. The embryos were placed in water for maceration and fixed in
      vinegar or black wax. Black wax also provided contrast and supportive blocks to
      enable the cutting of thin sections. Only the surface of the specimens could be
      studied after staining as they could not have been thin enough. By sectioning
      embryos at different stages, he was not only able to determine individual stages
      of the formation of the labyrinth and postulate its formation in man; but also to
      conclude that the web (the membrane) he noted in embryos is a permanent structure
      of the labyrinth in man.

PMID- 378207
TI  - A method for the assay of ablastin in the serum of rats infected with Trypanosoma
      lewisi.
AB  - This paper describes a simple quantitative assay for albastin, a factor present
      in the serum from rats infected with Trypanosoma lewisi, which prevents the
      division of the parasite. The assay measures in vitro the inhibition of the
      incorporation of 3H-TdR into the DNA of T. lewisi in the presence of serum from
      infected animals. Utilising this method, one can measure the titre of albastin in
      a particular serum sample and the time and duration of its appearance in the
      circulation of infected rats.

PMID- 378208
TI  - Morphological and functional interrelationships of bone cells and matrix.
AB  - 1. Bone is unique in its combination of cells, matrix and mineral. 2. It has a
      dual function in skeletal and mineral homeostasis. 3. Cells which are
      functionally different act as coordinated units depending on a variety of signals
      which may be hormonal, ionic, mechanical and, possibly, electrical. 4. The
      coordinated activity of the cells is brought about by their having an intimate
      structural interrelationship, by the probability of their being subject to the
      influence of factors contained within an extra-cellular fluid circulating around
      all the cells underlying the mesenchymal cell envelope, and by the possibility
      that the osteoclasts and osteoblasts do not represent an end-stage in
      differentiation. 5. The understanding of the factors which normally control
      cellular differentiation and function may lead to methods of reversing bone loss,
      rectifying the effects of metabolic bone disease and promoting the healing of
      fractures.

PMID- 378209
TI  - Paget's disease of bone--clinical evaluation and treatment with diphosphonate.

PMID- 378210
TI  - Limitation of myocardial infarct size: review of experimental basis and clinical
      trials.
AB  - Limitation of myocardial injury after coronary occlusion is an exciting, recently
      recognised, but as yet unconfirmed, possibility in the treatment of myocardial
      infarction. Review of the experimental basis for the concept indicates that
      although manipulation of the ST segment of the electrocardiogram is not
      sufficient proof that myocardial necrosis can be limited, more robust
      experimental methods have confirmed the efficacy of a variety of interventions in
      experimental coronary occlusion. The effect of myocardial infarct size in
      determining acute prognosis and complications has been confirmed in clinical
      studies though the importance of infarct size lessens after recovery. Reported
      attempts at limiting myocardial necrosis in patients with myocardial infarction
      have so far not been sufficiently convincing to merit universal clinical
      application. Results of large scale randomised trials currently underway are
      awaited with interest.

PMID- 378211
TI  - Alcohol and hypertension.

PMID- 378212
TI  - Acute renal failure--theory and practice.

PMID- 378213
TI  - Alcohol consumption and hypertension--the evidence from hazardous drinking and
      alcoholic populations.
AB  - To provide an enhanced perspective to observations of an association between
      moderate alcohol consumption and hypertension, information on the frequency of
      hypertension in heavy drinking and alcoholic populations was reviewed.
      Hypertension was found more often in ambulatory heavy drinkers and alcoholics
      than in more moderate drinkers and abstainers. This hypertensive state appeared
      to be at least partially reversible upon cessation of drinking. Additional
      investigation is needed to define the level of consumption associated with an
      increased risk of hypertension, the dose response pattern, and the determinants
      of irreversibility. Alcohol-related hypertension may constitute a risk factor for
      cardiovascular disease, thus contributing to the excess mortality experienced by
      heavy drinking populations. In view of the steady increase in per capita alcohol
      consumption which characterizes many affluent societies further clarification of
      this relationship is an urgent public health research priority.

PMID- 378214
TI  - Accelerations in flight.

PMID- 378215
TI  - Antibodies to allozymes as potential cell markers for chimeric mouse studies.

PMID- 378216
TI  - The direct demonstration of an X-chromosome dosage effect prior to inactivation.

PMID- 378217
TI  - Reversion of malignancy and normalized differentiation of teratocarcinoma cells
      in chimeric mice.

PMID- 378218
TI  - [Experience with concentrated relaxation in the ambulatory care of rural
      district].

PMID- 378219
TI  - Effect of metabolic conditions on protein turnover in yeast.
AB  - 1. In yeast growing on ethanol a turnover rate of up to 2%/h was measured. As
      much as 80% of the protein was subject to turnover, and no marked heterogeneity
      in the rate of degradation of protein was observed. When the yeast grew on
      glucose, the protein was degraded at a lower rate (0.5-1%/h). 2. Starvation for a
      nitrogen source increased the rate of protein degradation severalfold, whereas
      deprivation of phosphate had only a marginal effect (30% increase). Removal of
      glucose from a medium containing 50mM-phosphate did not cause marked changes in
      the rate of protein degradation. In contrast, when the media were low in
      phosphate (0.1 mM) removal of glucose increased the rate of turnover 2-4-fold. 3.
      Protein degradation proceeded unimpaired when the intracellular concentration of
      ATP decreased from 4 to 1 mM, but stopped completely when it decreased below 0.3
      mM.

PMID- 378220
TI  - Acidic proteins from Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomes.

PMID- 378222
TI  - Unusual pattern of nucleoside polyphosphate hydrolysis by the acid phosphatase
      (optimum pH = 2.5) of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 378223
TI  - Essential carboxyl residues in yeast enolase.

PMID- 378221
TI  - Arachidonic acid induced degranulation of rabbit peritoneal neutrophils.

PMID- 378224
TI  - On the conformation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, nuclear Overhauser
      observations.

PMID- 378225
TI  - Phosphorylation of membrane proteins from Plasmodium berghei-infected red cells.

PMID- 378226
TI  - Functional interaction of neomycin B and related antibiotics with 30S and 50S
      ribosomal subunits.

PMID- 378227
TI  - The mechanism of integration of phage Mu in the chromosome of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 378228
TI  - Comparison of the E. coli lac repressor and its tryptic core by hydrogen exchange
      studies. Effect of inducer binding.

PMID- 378229
TI  - The specific uptake of cloned Haemophilus DNA.

PMID- 378230
TI  - Comparative reactivities of diolepoxide metabolites of carcinogenic hydrocarbons
      with phiX174 viral DNA.

PMID- 378231
TI  - Effect of the antibiotic microcin 140 on the ATP level and amino acid transport
      of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 378232
TI  - On the mechanism of conversion of dethiobiotin to biotin in Escherichia coli.
      III. Isolation of an intermediate in the biosynthesis of biotin from
      dethiobiotin.

PMID- 378233
TI  - On the existence and separation of the follicle stimulating hormone releasing
      hormone from the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone.

PMID- 378234
TI  - The enhancing effect of cysteine and its derivatives on the mutagenic activities
      of the tryptophan-pyrolysis products, Trp-P-1 and Trp-P-2.

PMID- 378235
TI  - Arnold D. Welch: a dedication issue in honor of his 70th birthday: introduction.

PMID- 378236
TI  - Mechanism of inhibitory effects of 2,3-dihydro-1,3-6h-oxazine-2,6-dione (3
      oxauracil). Biosynthesis of 3-oxauridine phosphates in intact cells and cell-free
      extracts of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 378237
TI  - Selected ion monitoring in pharmacology.

PMID- 378238
TI  - IgG antibodies to double-stranded DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus sera.
      Independent variation of complement fixing activity and total antibody content.
AB  - Antibodies to double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid were studied using the
      kinetoplast of Crithidia luciliae. Titers were determined separately by
      conventional immunofluorescence and the complement fluorescent technique, and
      results by the two methods were compared. Complement fixing activity varied
      independently of antibody content in whole serum and in IgG fractions. The well
      established correlation of complement fixing activity of this antibody with
      activity of lupus nephritis appears related, therefore, to qualitative rather
      than solely quantitative differences. This finding has important implications for
      the clinical assessment of patients with lupus, and investigations on the
      relationship of anti-DNA antibodies to lupus nephritis.

PMID- 378239
TI  - 43d President of the ARA (Daniel J. McCarty).

PMID- 378240
TI  - Ia-Type alloantigens and humoral autoimmune responsiveness in insulin-dependent
      diabetes mellitus.
AB  - In the search for markers either closely linked to or identical with the
      hypothetical "diabetogenic major histocompatibility gene," immune region
      associated alloantigens were defined in 80 patients with insulin-dependent
      diabetes and in 107 controls. A close association between the Ia-type alloantigen
      DRw3 and DRw4 and insulin-dependent diabetes was obtained. DRw3 was found in 36%
      and DRw4 in 32% of the patients compared to 11% and 16%, respectively, of the
      controls. In addition, a significant influence of DRw3 and humoral anti-islet
      cell autoimmunity could be observed, which was found to be due to a high
      incidence of DRw3 in those patients with islet cell antibody persistence. Islet
      cell antibodies (ICA) were observed in 60% of the DRw3-positive patients compared
      to only 9% of the DRw3-negatives with longstanding disease (greater than 5 yr).
      These data show a significant association between insulin-dependent diabetes and
      the Ia-type alloantigens DRw3 (p uncorr. less than 0.0005) and DRw4 (p uncorr.
      less than 0.025). Furthermore, they provide direct evidence of an association
      between an Ia-type alloantigen and persisting humoral autoimmune responsiveness
      in man.

PMID- 378241
TI  - The role of glucagon in the regulation of plasma lipids.
AB  - The role of glucagon in regulating plasma lipid concentrations (nonesterified
      fatty acids, ketone bodies, and triglycerides) is reviewed. The effects of
      glucagon-induced insulin secretion upon this lipid regulation are discussed that
      may resolve conflicting reports in the literature are resolved. In addition, the
      unresolved problem concerning the pharmacologic versus physiologic effects of
      glucagon is stressed. Glucagon's role in stimulating lipolysis at the adipocyte
      serves two important functions. First, it provides plasma nonesterified fatty
      acids for energy metabolism and secondly, it ensures substrate for hepatic
      ketogenesis. In vitro, glucagon's lipolytic activity has been consistently
      observed, but in vivo, this activity has sometimes been obscured by the effects
      of glucagon-induced insulin secretion. Frequently, a biphasic response has been
      reported in which a direct lipolytic response is followed by a glucagon-induced
      insulin suppression of plasma nonesterified fatty acid concentration. When the
      glucagon-induced insulin secretion has been controlled by various in vivo
      techniques, glucagon's lipolytic activity in vivo has frequently been
      demonstrable. In the 1960s, in vitro liver perfusion experiments demonstrated
      that glucagon enhanced hepatic ketogenesis independent of glucagon's lipolytic
      activity. However, this direct effect of glucagon on the hepatocyte was not
      universally accepted because of conflicting reports in the literature. Failure to
      observe an in vitro ketogenic effect of the hormone in some studies may have been
      due to suboptimal experimental conditions. Certain factors are now known to
      influence the ketogenic response, such as the concentration of fatty acids in the
      media and the nutritional status of the animal. Under optimal in vitro conditions
      with liver preparations from fed animals, the ketogenic response to physiologic
      concentrations of glucagon has been demonstrated. However, further study is
      necessary to define the quantitative ketogenic role of the hormone. In spite of
      this early in vitro work, glucagon was not definitely shown to be ketogenic in
      vivo (independent of fatty acid availability) both in the rat and in diabetic man
      until 1975. Since these observations, several reports have confirmed the
      ketogenic action of glucagon in vivo by direct hepatic catheterization
      experiments. Glucagon's role in decreasing hepatic triglyceride synthesis and
      secretion in vitro has been repeatedly shown but the mechanism is unresolved.
      This lipid regulatory action of glucagon has been more difficult to demonstrate
      in vivo because of the many variables that affect triglyceride synthesis. Under
      specific experimental conditions, however, glucagon has been shown to decrease
      plasma triglyceride concentration in man at both physiologic and pharmacologic
      concentrations. Hepatic catheterization experiments have also confirmed this
      effect in man. The regulation of lipids by glucagon fits well into its role as a
      stress hormone...

PMID- 378242
TI  - Early years of dental education in Edinburgh.

PMID- 378244
TI  - William Alexander Mellish.

PMID- 378243
TI  - John Joseph Pritchard, M.A., B.Sc., B.M., BCh., D.M., F.R.C.S., M.R.C.S.,
      L.R.C.P.

PMID- 378245
TI  - The alinement of an instanding premolar by means of a 'T' spring/screw plate
      combination.

PMID- 378246
TI  - The cavity sealing ability of cemented cast gold restorations assessed in vitro
      by an acidified gel artificial caries technique.

PMID- 378247
TI  - The effect of ageing on the creep and compressive strength of high copper content
      amalgams.

PMID- 378249
TI  - Herpes gestationis: immunopathological and ultrastructural studies.
AB  - Eleven patients with the clinical picture of herpes gestationis were
      investigated. Biopsies were taken from involved and uninvolved areas of skin and
      the immunopathological and microscopic changes studied. Direct immunofluorescence
      showed a deposition of C3 and/or IgG at the basement membrane zone in the
      involved skin of nine patients and the uninvolved skin of five. Immuno-electron
      microscopy using a multistep peroxidase antiperoxidase method revealed the in
      vivo deposition of IgG at the basal plasma cell membrane that extended into the
      lamina lucida. Light microscopy of urticarial and vesicular lesions showed a
      marked oedema of the papillary dermis with an inflammatory cell infiltrate that
      was mainly perivascular. There was spongiosis of the epidermis with oedema and
      necrosis of the basal cells and in several specimens sub-epidermal clefts with
      bulla formation. Electron microscopy confirmed the marked degenerative and
      necrotic changes of the basal cells in the involved areas of skin.

PMID- 378248
TI  - Characterization of dermal collagen in systemic sclerosis.
AB  - The amount of dermal collagen is increased in systemic sclerosis. However, unlike
      certain inflammatory conditions, the relative proportions of Type I and Type III
      collagens are closely similar to those found in normal adult dermis. Similarly,
      no change in the distribution of the collagen types could be detected by
      immunofluorescent staining, although a considerable thickening of the epidermis
      was clearly evident in all the sclerotic lesions examined.

PMID- 378250
TI  - Melanocyte mutation in halo naevus and malignant melanoma?
AB  - Halo naevus cells on frozen sections react with sera from patients with benign
      halo naevus or with malignant melanoma. Halo naevus cells also react with our
      specifically absorbed heterologous antihuman malignant melanoma antiserum
      (RAMMA). Since the cytoplasm of all the naevus cells within the halo naevus react
      with sera from patients with malignant melanoma, this implies that the entire
      population of melanocytic cells in the mole has undergone mutation, because non
      pathological skin melanocytes do not react.

PMID- 378251
TI  - Coexistence of bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus foliaceus.
AB  - A patient with bullous pemphigoid developed pemphigus foliaceus 5 years later.
      Mixed bullous diseases are rare and this is the first reported case of coexisting
      bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus foliaceus.

PMID- 378252
TI  - The history of dermatology in Belgium.

PMID- 378253
TI  - Nicotinic acid treatment of skin disorders.

PMID- 378254
TI  - Dithranol cream.

PMID- 378255
TI  - Three dimensional microscopic surface profiles of membranes reconstructed from
      freeze etching electrol micrographs.
AB  - A method of three-dimensional reconstruction of the surface profile of artificial
      and natural membranes from freeze quenched electron micrographs is presented. The
      method is based on the analysis of the variation in thickness of platinum layers,
      deposited under an oblique angle. In essence, it is reminiscent of the method of
      Eratosthenes to measure the earth's radius. The thickness of etch-like
      protrusions of membranes could be determined to an accuracy of about 3 A. True
      distances on curved surfaces rather than projections of distances are obtained.
      The method has been applied to both model membranes and biological membranes. The
      essential results are: 1. Detailed information on the symmetry and the molecular
      structure of the crystalline phases of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine was
      obtained. The microscopic surface profile of the ripple structure observed
      between the pretransition and the main transition was analysed. In accordance
      with a previous model we found that the ripple structure is caused by the
      spontaneous curvature of the monolayers. The surface profiles of the ripple
      structure and of the low temperature biaxial phase could be clearly
      distinguished. 2. The sizes and shapes of lipid domains formed by both
      thermically and charge-induced lateral phase separation were determined. This
      showed that the visual inspection of electron micrographs may lead to a
      considerable underestimation of the domain size. Conclusions may be drawn
      concerning the different phases formed upon lateral phase separation. 3. As a
      biological example, yeast cell membranes were studied. The method allows one to
      distinguish between different membrane-bound proteins by measuring the width-to
      height ratio of the particles. The deformation of the lipid layer in the
      environment of the proteins may be determined. This deformation contains
      information about lipid-mediated long-range interactions between membrane
      proteins.

PMID- 378256
TI  - Active K+ transport in Mycoplasma mycoides var. Capri. Net and unidirectional K+
      movements.
AB  - Analysis of the cation composition of growing Mycoplasma mycoides var. Capri
      indicates that these organisms have a high intracellular K+ concentration (Ki:
      200--300 mM) which greatly exceeds that of the growth medium, and a low Na+
      concentration (Na+i: 20 mM). Unlike Na+i,K+i varies with cell aging. The K+
      transport properties studied in washed organisms resuspended in buffered saline
      solution show that cells maintain a steady and large K+ concentration gradient
      across their membrane at the expense of metabolic energy mainly derived from
      glycolysis. In starved cells, K+i decreases and is partially compensated by a
      gain in Na+. This substitution completely reverses when metabolic substrate is
      added (K+ reaccumulation process). Kinetic analysis of K+ movement in cells with
      steady K+ level shows that most of K+ influx is mediated by an autologous K+-K+
      exchange mechanism. On the other hand, during K+ reaccumulation by K+-depleted
      cells, a different mechanism (a K+ uptake mechanism) with higher transport
      capacity and affinity drives the net K+ influx. Both mechanisms are energy
      dependent. Ouabain and anoxia have no effect on K+ transport mechanisms; in
      contrast, both processes are completely blocked by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, an
      inhibitor of the Mg2+ -dependent ATPase activity.

PMID- 378257
TI  - Evidence for a magnesium- and ATP-dependent calcium extrusion pump in dog
      erythrocytes.
AB  - Intact dog erythrocytes, whose Ca2+ permeability had been increased with A23187
      still maintained intracellular Ca2+ below electrochemical equilibrium indicating
      that they could extrude Ca2+. This extrusion required no Na+ gradient but
      apparently depended on intracellular ATP and Mg2+ suggesting that it was mediated
      by an ATP-fuelled Ca2+ pump.

PMID- 378258
TI  - The influence of temperature and incubation time on deformability of human
      erythrocytes.
AB  - Human erythrocytes have been heated and stressed in a novel and controlled manner
      using rectangular microcapillaries. Heated cells attached to the capillary wall
      were stressed by liquid flow. Under particular conditions of stress, temperature
      and incubation time the body of the cell could be pulled in the flow, retaining a
      connection with the glass by means of a narrow process or tether. The tethers
      appear as: regularly beaded, irregularly beaded or without beads depending upon
      the incubation conditions. We have outlined the incubation regimes necessary to
      achieve these different responses in the temperature range 48--55 degrees C. The
      cells become less deformable as the incubation is continued beyond an optimum
      time. The behaviour of the tether is compared with that of a viscoelastic liquid.
      Circular dichroism studies of ghost membranes show that the denaturation of
      membrane proteins is partially reversible when incubation times are similar to
      those required to bring about a loss of deformability.

PMID- 378259
TI  - The effect of differential methylation by Escherichia coli of plasmid DNA and
      phage T7 and lambda DNA on the cleavage by restriction endonuclease MboI from
      Moraxella bovis.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence recognized and cleaved by the restriction endonuclease
      MboI is 5' GATC and is identical to the central tetranucleotide of the
      restriction sites of BamHI and BglII. Experiments on the restriction of DNA from
      Escherichia coli dam and dam+ confirm the notion that GATC sequences are adenosyl
      methylated by the dam function of E. coli and thereby are made refractory to
      cleavage by MboI. On the basis of this observation the degree of dam methylation
      of various DNAs was examined by cleavage with MboI and other restriction
      endonucleases. In plasmid DNA essentially all of the GATC sequences are
      methylated by the dam function. The DNA of phage lambda is only partially
      methylated, extended methylation is observed in the DNA of a substitution mutant
      of lambda, lambda gal8bio256, and in the lambda derived plasmid, lambdadv93,
      which is completely methylated. In contrast, phage T7 DNA is not methylated by
      dam. A suppression of dam methylation of T7 DNA appears to act only in cis dam. A
      suppression of dam methylation of T7 DNA appears to act only in cis since plasmid
      DNA replicated in a T7-infected cell is completely methylated. The results are
      discussed with respect to the participation of the dam methylase in different
      replication systems.

PMID- 378260
TI  - Fractionation and structural elucidation of the active components of
      aurintricarboxylic acid, a potent inhibitor of protein nucleic acid interactions.
AB  - Commercially available, as well as synthetically prepared, samples of
      aurintricarboxylic acid (a widely employed potent inhibitor of protein nucleic
      acid interactions) consist mostly of a heterogeneous collection of polymers, as
      shown by fractionation schemes utilizing both dialysis and ultrafiltration, and
      by molecular weight measurements. 13C-NMR studies suggest that the polymeric
      material is of the phenol-formaldehyde type; inhibitory assays that depend on the
      formation of a protein-nucleic acid complex revealed that potency varied directly
      with the molecular weight of the polymer. Fractions of molecular weight 400 were
      essentially inactive.

PMID- 378261
TI  - Specificity and selectivity of diacylglycerolphosphate synthesis in Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - The glycerolphosphate and 1-acylglycerolphosphate acyltransferase systems
      Escherichia coli membranes show relatively low specificities for acylcoenzymes A
      when maximal velocities for the respective acyl-coenzymes A are compared.
      However, the selectivities for palmitate and oleate in the acylations of the 1-
      and 2-positions of glycerolphosphate moiety, respectively, are higher at lower
      concentrations of acceptors in the presence of an equimolar mixture of palmitoyl
      CoA and oleoyl-CoA. More 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycerolphosphate species and less
      other species were synthesized at lower concentrations of glycerolphosphate. The
      fatty acyl moiety at the 1-position of 1-acylglycerolphosphate did not influence
      significantly the specificity for acyl-coenzymes A of the 1-acylglycerolphosphate
      acyltransferase system. Thus, the acceptor concentrations being kept low in vivo
      and in vitro are important for the highly selective incorporations of saturated
      and unsaturated fatty acids into the 1- and 2-positions of
      diacylglycerolphosphate, respectively, in the presence of mixtures of saturated
      and unsaturated acyl-coenzymes A while these acyltransferase systems exhibit
      relatively low specificies for acyl-coenzymes A when the respective maximal
      velocities are compared.

PMID- 378262
TI  - Absorption of oleic and taurocholic acids from the intestine of the chick.
      Interactions and interference by proteins.

PMID- 378263
TI  - Immunochemical and immunohistochemical studies on the 27 S iodoprotein of dog
      thyroid with reference to thyroglobulin-like reaction of the parafollicular
      cells.
AB  - Our earlier finding that the thyroglobulin-like material responsible for the
      immunoreaction of parafollicular cells obtained in peak I fraction of Bio-Gel A
      5m was followed up in the present study by an investigation of the immunochemical
      and immunohistochemical reactions of 27 S iodoprotein which was the most
      prominent material in the peak I fraction. The antibody was raised against
      completely purified 27 S iodoprotein which was obtained as follows: Thyroglobulin
      was extracted from dog thyroids and chromatographed initially on Bio-Gel A-5m and
      then on Bio-Gel A-50m. The area of 27 S migrated as a single bank on
      polyacrylamide gel slab electrophoresis. This was cut and eluted. Anti-27 S
      antiserum showed the same immunochemical patterns to 27 S and 19 S as anti-19 S
      antiserum with three different immunochemical methods: double diffusion test, one
      dimensional and two dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. The immunoperoxidase
      reactions of the anti-27 S antiserum and anti-19 S antiserum were restricted to
      follicular cells and luminal colloids. No reaction of the parafollicular cells
      was obtained by these antisera. Thus, 27 S iodoprotein shared common
      immunochemical and immunohistochemical properties with 19 S thyroglobulin. It was
      concluded that 27 S iodoprotein was not responsible for the thyroglobulin-like
      reaction of the parafollicular cells.

PMID- 378264
TI  - Comparative study between prokaryotes and eukaryotes by chemical iodination of
      ribosomal proteins.
AB  - Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomal proteins were chemically
      iodinated with 125I by chloramine T under conditions in which the proteins were
      denatured. The labelled proteins were subsequently separated by two-dimensional
      gel electrophoresis with an excess of untreated ribosomal proteins from the same
      species. The iodination did not change the electrophoretic mobility of the
      proteins as shown by the pattern of spots in the stained gel slabs and their
      autoradiography. The 125I radioactivity incorporated in the proteins was
      estimated by cutting out the gel spots from the two-dimensional electrophoresis
      gel slabs. The highest content of 125I was found in the ribosomal proteins L2,
      L11, L13, L20/S12, S4 and S9 from E. coli, and L2/L3, L4/L6/S7, L5, L19/L20,
      L22/S17, L29/S27, L35/L37 and S14/S15 from S. cerevisiae. Comparisons between the
      electrophoretic patterns of E. coli and S. cerevisiae ribosomal proteins were
      carried out by coelectrophoresis of labelled and unlabelled proteins from both
      species. E. coli ribosomal proteins L5, L11, L20, S2, S3 and S15/S16 were found
      to overlap with L15, L11/L16, L36/L37, S3, S10 and S33 from S. cerevisiae,
      respectively. Similar coelectrophoresis of E. coli 125I-labelled proteins with
      unlabelled rat liver and wheat germ ribosomal proteins showed the former to
      overlap with proteins L1, L11, L14, L16, L19, L20 and the latter with L2, L5, L6,
      L15, L17 from E. coli.

PMID- 378265
TI  - Alterations in the cell envelope composition of Proteus mirabilis during the
      development of swarmer cells.
AB  - Long, swarming cells of Proteus mirabilis had different proportions of some
      lipopolysaccharide components when compared to short cells, either agar grown or
      broth grown. Fluorescence spectrophotometry of antibody binding, and sodium
      dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the change was
      in the proportion of lipopolysaccharide with long O-antigenic sidechains, swarmer
      lipopolysaccharide relative to short sidechain lipopolysaccharide than the non
      swarming cells. The proteins and phospholipids of the envelop remained the same
      during swarmer development. The results are discussed in relation to the increase
      in flagella synthesis and permeability to some antibacterial agents during
      swarmer development.

PMID- 378267
TI  - Intracellular binding of ethidium studied by photoaffinity labeling in vivo.
AB  - The azide analog of 14C-labeled ethidium bromide was mixed with yeast cells and
      when photolyzed by visible light, formed covalent complexes with all yeast cell
      organelles. The 14C counts were found in DNA, RNA and protein of yeast
      subcellular fractions, illustrating the complexity of binding of a drug which
      appears highly specific in its actions.

PMID- 378266
TI  - Epoxide hydrase in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes.
AB  - 1. Microsomal fractions from Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes catalyze the
      hydration of styrene oxide to styrene glycol. The activity is linear up to 45 min
      of incubation, is proportional to microsomal protein concentration within certain
      range, and has an optimum pH of 8.5. 2. Double-reciprocal plots indicate a Km
      value of 5.3 . 10(-4) M for styrene oxide and a V of 29.6 pmol of styrene glycol
      formed/min per mg protein at 37 degrees C. 4-Chlorophenyl-2,3-epoxypropyl either
      (Ki = 2.08 . 10(-4) M) and juvenile hormone I (Ki = 2.7 . 10(-4) M) are
      competitive inhibitors; whereas, 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane is a non-competitive
      inhibitor. The enzyme is induced about three-fold by 5 mM phenobarbital in the
      growth medium. 3. The epoxide hydrase is not activated by detergents but rather
      inhibited by concentrations of Tween-80 and Lubrol as low as 0.025%. 4.
      Experiments with intact cells indicate that about 3% of [8-14C]styrene oxide
      penetrates after 90 min of incubation; whereas, over 30% of juvenile hormone I is
      found intracellularly after the same incubation period. Intracellular styrene
      oxide is hydrated to styrene glycol to a significant extent and the in vivo
      hydration is increased by pretreatment with phenobarbital and inhibited upon the
      addition of 4-chlorophenyl-2,3-epoxypropyl ether. Only a small amount of the
      intracellular juvenile hormone I is recovered as the corresponding diol ester.

PMID- 378268
TI  - Participation of tRNA in regulation of protein biosynthesis at the translational
      level in eukaryotes.

PMID- 378269
TI  - On the activation of the canine pepsinogens.
AB  - Acidification induces a conversion of canine pepsinogens by a sequential
      mechanism to the active pepsins. Activation in the presence of pepstatin, which
      strongly inhibits the pepsins but does not prevent the first step of activation,
      allows the isolation of the peptide released in this first step. This peptide
      inhibits the milk clotting activity of canine and also porcine pepsin. Canine
      pepsins obtained in the absence of pepstatin were characterized by amino acid
      composition, molecular weight, and activity against hemoglobin and milk and
      compared with those of other mammalian pepsins.

PMID- 378270
TI  - Development of Gonadotropin regulation in the prepubertal mammal.

PMID- 378271
TI  - The neuroendocrinology of reproduction: an overview.

PMID- 378272
TI  - Photoperiodic regulation of neuroendocrine-gonadal activity.

PMID- 378273
TI  - Recent studies on the regulation of pituitary LH and FSH secretion.

PMID- 378274
TI  - Effects of nicotine on early pregnancy in the rat.

PMID- 378275
TI  - The suppressive effect of sera from old female mice on in vitro fertilization and
      blastocyst development.

PMID- 378276
TI  - A reproductive endocrine profile in the diabetes (db) mutant mouse.

PMID- 378277
TI  - Effects of chronic LHRH treatment on brain LHRH content, pituitary and plasma LH
      and ovarian follicular activity in the anestrous ewe.

PMID- 378278
TI  - Cell surface antigens of preimplantation mouse embryos detected by an antiserum
      to an embryonal carcinoma cell line.

PMID- 378280
TI  - Studies of reproductive development in romney rams: 2. LH and testosterone
      secretion following single or repeated doses of gonadotropin releasing hormone
      (GNRH).

PMID- 378279
TI  - Dose related effect of a single injection of progesterone on gonadotropin
      secretion and pituitary sensitivity to LHRH in estrogen-primed castrate female
      rats.

PMID- 378281
TI  - Stress analysis of single-tooth implants. II. Effect of implant root-length
      variation and pseudo-periodontal ligament incorporation.
AB  - This study delineates the effects of varying the root length as well as
      incorporating a soft pseudo periodonal ligament on the overall stress
      distribution for each of five different implant materials and one implant design.

PMID- 378282
TI  - Finite element analysis as an aid to implant design.

PMID- 378283
TI  - Stress analysis of single-tooth implants. I. Effect of elastic parameters and
      geometry of implant.
AB  - Five different implant materials and three different geometries of ankylosed
      single-tooth implants were investigated. The stress distributions within and
      around the implants were determined by finite element analysis. Results show that
      the optimal combination of implant material and geometry can reduce implant and
      alveolar stresses by a factor of three when compared to an arbitrary implant
      design.

PMID- 378285
TI  - Some measurements of the shape and hydrodynamic properties of yeast
      phosphoglycerate kinase (E.C.2.7.2.3).
AB  - Using values obtained for sedimentation and diffusion constants the relative mass
      of phosphoglycerate kinase was calculated to be 45 800 +/- 1700. This value is
      higher than was previously estimated and the difference is thought to be caused
      by contamination of earlier crystalline preparations. Using the coordinates from
      X-ray crystallography it was found possible to calculate a frictional ratio for a
      linear dumb-bell (1.115) which compared well with the ratio calculated from
      diffusion (1.114 +/- 0.033). Since the calculated ratio for a bent molecule was
      1.020 the natural state of the molecule in solution is essentially linear. From
      the concentration dependence of sedimentation and diffusion was calculated the
      effective interactive radius which resembles haemoglobin in its relationship to
      the molecular radius.

PMID- 378284
TI  - A mathematical model of the foreign body reaction to implanted materials.

PMID- 378286
TI  - Method for continuous purification of biological material using immunosorbent.
AB  - A mechanical device for the continuous purification of biological material using
      immunosorbent was developed. The system consists of heat-sealed nylon pouches
      containing agarose-bound antibody, attached to an endless 35 mm wide Mylar belt
      that passes through four chambers sequentially. The biological material is bound
      and dissociated, and the immobilized antibody is regenerated for repeated
      isolation and purification of antigen. The belt design incorporates features to
      minimize carry-over between chambers and prevent damage to the agarose-bound
      antibody in repeated passes through the system. An existing batch method for the
      purification of human placental alkaline phosphatase using immobilized rabbit
      antisera was adapted to continuous purification in the device. The belt contained
      a low affinity immunosorbent and made five complete passes through the system. A
      decrease in antigen binding capacity between free immunosorbent suspensions and
      belt immunosorbent in pouches was observed. This was shown to be the result of
      the diffusion resistance offered by the pouch and the short exposure times of
      each pouch in the chambers. A decrease in antigen binding capacity between
      successive belt passes was also observed, and resulted from the inability of the
      agarose in the pouches to resuspend completely after each pass. The low
      efficiency of the agitation method and the roller device used to squeeze the
      pouches were the reasons for this deficiency.

PMID- 378287
TI  - [NAG infection in Rana temporaria with suppressed normal intestinal microflora].
AB  - Frogs of the Rana temporaria species with disturbed biocenosis induced by
      combined effects of hypothermia (+4 degrees C) and tetracycline were used as an
      experimental model. The animals were inoculated orally with cultured NAD-vibrios
      and subjected to clinical, bacteriological, immunomorphological and electron
      microscopical examinations. The lymph-blood system was shown to be a possible
      pathway for generalization of the infection. Several causes of long-term
      persistence of the vibrios in Rana temporaria are discussed.

PMID- 378288
TI  - [Immunological cross reactions between polysaccharides of Streptococci groups A
      and L].
AB  - Antibodies on sepharose immunosorbents containing A-polysaccharide-sepharose or
      synthetic beta-N-acetylglucosamine, were isolated from the sera of rabbits
      immunized with streptococci, group A, by means of affinity chromatography.
      Antibodies obtained from some sera with both immunosorbents reacted with
      streptococcus, group A and L polysaccharides. Partial identity of these
      polysaccharides was revealed by the immunodiffusion test. Absorption of
      antibodies with polysaccharides, group A and L, showed their different
      specificities. These antibodies could apparently be directed against the end
      parts of molecules of streptococcus, group A polysaccharide.

PMID- 378289
TI  - [Effect of mouse antiserum against isologous aggregated immunoglobulins on the
      transplantation and antitumor immunity].
AB  - It was shown that mouse antiserum against isologous thermically aggregated
      immunoglobulins MAAS injected repeatedly to the animals prolonged the survival of
      the skin allotransplant, induced Moloney's sarcoma diminished the latent period
      of the tumour development sharply increased the formation of the tumours which in
      the majority of cases, led to the death of mice, deranged the normal age barrier
      in fibrosarcoma induction, and sharply inhibited the intensity of Rauscher's
      leukemia development. This action of MAAS on the transplantation and antitumour
      immunity was of immunological nature.

PMID- 378290
TI  - [Effect of formaldehyde and its aminomethylol derivatives on E. coli strains with
      various defects of the DNA repair systems].
AB  - It was shown that aminomethylol compounds formed during reaction of formaldehyde
      with amino acids and formaldehyde as well exert a pronounced lethal action on E.
      coli strains with various defects of the DNA repair systems. The correlation
      between the extent of the DNA depurination caused by in vitro action of diverse
      aminomethylol derivatives and the inactivation of bacteria by these derivatives
      is revealed. The data obtained suggest that the inactivating effect of
      formaldehyde and its aminomethylol derivatives seems likely to be due to the
      formation of depurinized groups in bacterial DNA rather than to dimerization of
      purine bases.

PMID- 378291
TI  - [Immunoreactive luliberin in the visceral organs of rats].
AB  - The distribution of luliberin (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, LH-RH) was
      studied. LH-RH-like factor showing analogous immunochemical and chromatographic
      properties was detected in the liver, kidneys, duodenum, pancreas, adrenal glands
      and heart of rats. The concentration of immunoreactive LH-RH in the liver,
      kidneys, duodenum, pancreas and adrenal glands was nearly equal (5 to 7 pg per mg
      of methanol extract obtained from acetic acid extract of acetone powder), its
      concentration in the heart being somewhat lower (2 pg per mg of extract). Only
      minute amounts of this factor were present in blood cells. Immunoreactive LH-RH
      found in visceral organs may be of hypothalamic origin or may be synthesized in
      these organs (in situ).

PMID- 378292
TI  - Marrow transplantation for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in
      remission.

PMID- 378293
TI  - Rejection of marrow from DLA-identical canine littermates given transfusions
      before grafting: antigens involved are expressed on leukocytes and skin
      epithelial cells but not on platelets and red blood cells.

PMID- 378294
TI  - Legal alternatives for battered women who kill their abusers.

PMID- 378296
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Pietro Valdoni, foreign honorary member].

PMID- 378295
TI  - [Study on adhesive materials for restoration. VI. Physical properties of glass
      ionomer cement (author's transl)].

PMID- 378297
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Clement Bressou, foreign honorary member].

PMID- 378299
TI  - Sensory aids.

PMID- 378300
TI  - Veterans Administration Prosthetics Center report.

PMID- 378298
TI  - [Inhibin: new gonadal hormone].

PMID- 378301
TI  - Dr. James C. Crutcher of Atlanta, Georgia is new VA Chief Medical Director.

PMID- 378302
TI  - Donald L. Custis, M.D., appointed VA Deputy Chief Medical Director.

PMID- 378303
TI  - Dr. Hays appointed Assistant Chief Medical Director for Research and Development.

PMID- 378304
TI  - Eugene J. Taylor, 1913-1978.

PMID- 378305
TI  - Bert R. Titus, C.P.O., 1924-1978.

PMID- 378306
TI  - Prosthetics.

PMID- 378309
TI  - A prostacyclin-like substance in rat brain [proceedings].

PMID- 378308
TI  - Anti-aggregatory effect of prostacyclin (PGI2) in vivo.
AB  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) when infused intravenously reduced the mortality of rabbits
      given high intravenous doses of arachidonic acid (AA). Prostaglandins E1 and D2
      were ineffective. Indomethacin pretreatment abolished the toxic AA effect. Since
      the lethal effect of AA is partly due to the formation of platelet aggregates it
      is concluded that PGI2 is a most potent anti-aggregatory prostaglandin in vivo.

PMID- 378307
TI  - Smoking and lung cancer: a review.
AB  - Cigarette smoking is the most important known factor in the causation of lung
      cancer. The evidence supporting this statement is enormous and irrefutable.
      Efforts to reduce and eventually eliminate cigarette smoking throughout the world
      should be strongly endorsed by all nations. The task will be difficult, but it
      can and must be accomplished.

PMID- 378310
TI  - Prostacyclin-release by bradykinin in vivo [proceedings].

PMID- 378312
TI  - Physiological effects of meditation: a longitudinal study.

PMID- 378311
TI  - Activity of prostacyclin, a stable analogue, 6 beta-PGI1 and 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha on
      canine isolated parietal cells [proceedings].

PMID- 378314
TI  - Abdominal wound closure--the Jenkins's technique: a registrar's experience.
AB  - Jenkins's technique has been used to close 238 abdominal wounds. No dehiscence
      occurred in thie series. It is suggested that this method, which gives strict
      guidelines on wound closure, is ideal for teaching good technique for wound
      closure.

PMID- 378313
TI  - Comparison of brush cytology before or after biopsy for diagnosis of gastric
      carcinoma.
AB  - A randomized trial has compared the results of brush cytology before or after
      biopsy in patients with solitary gastric lesions. One hundred and eleven
      carcinomas were identified in 324 patients. False positive histological reports
      were recorded in 2 patients but there were no false positive cytology results.
      The cumulative accuracy of biopsy and cytology in patients with carcinoma was 97
      per cent, which was significantly better than biopsy alone (83 per cent, P less
      than 0.001) or cytology alone (87 per cent, P less than 0.001). The cumulative
      results of brushing before biopsy were significantly better than results obtained
      by brushing after biopsy (P less than 0.05) and indicate that brush cytology
      should normally be performed before biopsy.

PMID- 378315
TI  - A comparison between disposable and non-disposable suction drainage units: a
      report of a controlled trial.
AB  - A randomized trial of high vacuum Redivac drains and low vacuum Portovac drains
      has been conducted in 46 female patients undergoing simple mastectomy through a
      transverse skin incision. The Redivac units drained less fluid, stayed in place
      for a day less than the Portovac units and were emptied once less often.

PMID- 378316
TI  - Hypertrophic scarring: Dexon suture in a randomized trial.
AB  - In a randomized prospective trial of three methods of skin suture an increased
      incidence of hypertrophic scarring in paramedian and inguinal wounds has been
      found to be associated with the use of 2/0 Dexon suture subcuticularly. However,
      the variance associated with the type of suture was less than that associated
      with the sex of the patient. The patient's opinion of the appearance of the scar
      was the same for all three suture methods used in skin closure.

PMID- 378317
TI  - Recurrent oral ulceration treated with Mysteclin: a controlled study.
AB  - Twenty patients with recurrent oral ulceration participated in a placebo
      controlled, double-blind trail of Mysteclin syrup (tetracycline hydrochloride and
      amphotericin) used as a mouthwash. Though a small, consistent improvement
      occurred with placebo, there was a significant reduction in mean pair scores and
      numbers of new ulcers recorded daily during the active-treatment periods, the
      effect lasting for at least four weeks after treatment was stopped. In contrast
      to topical steroid preparations, Mysteclin syrup is efficacious when begun at any
      stage of the disorder and is not associated with adverse systemic effects.

PMID- 378318
TI  - Investigation and treatment of amenorrhoea resulting in normal fertility.
AB  - A simple scheme of investigation and treatment to restore fertility in
      amenorrhoeic women is described. Fifty-nine patients with amenorrhoea not due to
      primary ovarian failure were treated variously as appropriate, mainly with
      clomiphene (25), bromocriptine (15), or human menopausal gonadotrophins (12), and
      six by diet to increase their weight. All ovulated, and by the end of the study
      55 (93%) had conceived, 42 (71%) had delivered at least one surviving child, and
      five others (8%) were pregnant and awaiting delivery. Conception rates were 49%
      within two cycles of treatment and 66% within three cycles; using life-table
      method to standardise the cumulative conception rates by correcting for patients
      who did not continue as long as others in the study, the expected conception rate
      was 79% in six cycles, 94% in 12 cycles, and 98% after 16 cycles. The multiple
      pregnancy rate was 13% and abortion rate 22%. Delivery rate (for a viable baby)
      were 48% within 11 months of starting treatment and 53% within one year; expected
      rates were 76% in 18 months and 97% in two years. The results show that a
      relatively simple scheme of classifying amenorrhoeic disorders endocrinologically
      followed by treatment directed at inducing ovulation allows amenorrhoeic women
      without primary ovarian failure to achieve conception and delivery rates equal to
      those in normal women.

PMID- 378319
TI  - Drug-induced gastrointestinal disease.

PMID- 378320
TI  - Second opinion on surgery.

PMID- 378321
TI  - Dr W G Grace, LRCP Edinburgh, MRCS England, 1879.

PMID- 378322
TI  - Obstetrics in general practice.

PMID- 378323
TI  - New approach to treatment of recent stroke?

PMID- 378324
TI  - Nebulised salbutamol in life-threatening asthma.

PMID- 378325
TI  - Nebulised salbutamol in life-threatening asthma.

PMID- 378326
TI  - Neurotensin-containing cell bodies, fibers and nerve terminals in the brain stem
      of the rat: immunohistochemical mapping.
AB  - Neurotensin immunoreactive perikarya, fibers and nerve terminals, visualized by
      the indirect immunohistofluorescent method in colchicine-pretreated animals, are
      localized in many discrete regions of the rat brain stem. Cell body groups are
      found in the inner aspect of the substantia gelatinosa of the caudal trigeminal
      nuclear complex, the nucleus of the solitary tract, the parabrachial nuclei, the
      locus coeruleus, the dorsal raphe nucleus, the periaqueductal gray matter, and
      the ventral tegmental area of Tsai. These areas of cell body density are
      accompanied by concentrations of fibers and terminals, while the occasional
      positive perikaryon noted in the dorsal cochlear nucleus is accompanied by only
      sparse fluorescent fiber/terminal patterns. Other brain stem regions, such as the
      floor of the fourth ventricle and aspects of the caudal ventrolateral reticular
      formation, possess substantial numbers of fibers and terminals that are not
      accompanied by cell bodies. Many aspects of this distribution coincide with the
      brain stem distribution of the enkephalin pentapeptides, though significant
      differences in localization are also evident. Interactions of neurotensin with
      other neurotransmitter candidates are also suggested by its presence in areas
      enriched in norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and substance P. Certain
      neurotensin localizations suggest an association of the peptide with functional
      brain systems preferentially involving these regions. In particular
      periaqueductal gray and substantia gelatinosa neurotensin synapses are plausible
      sites for the analgesia elicited after intercisternal injection of low doses of
      neurotensin.

PMID- 378327
TI  - Inhibitory effects of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) on neurons in
      the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (OVLT).

PMID- 378328
TI  - Angiogeneic activity of cells isolated from the infiltration of the skin
      allograft in mice.

PMID- 378329
TI  - Multiple isoacceptor forms of several transfer ribonucleic acids in a mutant
      yeast strain.
AB  - By use of reverse phase 5 chromatography, a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      (XB 109-5B) has been shown to exhibit multiple isoaccepting forms for several of
      the transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs). This is in contrast with a standard wild
      type strain where only one acceptor is found for each tRNA studied. Multiple
      peaks for tRNATyr, tRNAPhe, tRNASer, and tRNAVal have been detected for strain XB
      109-5B. However, the observation of multiple isoacceptors cannot be extended to
      all tRNAs in this strain since tRNAAsp appears as a single form that is the same
      as in the wild type. The appearance of multiple peaks was found to depend on the
      growth conditions of the cells. The tRNA profiles of XB 109-5B that was grown
      rapidly with vigorous aeration differed the most from profiles of comparably
      grown wild-type yeast, whereas tRNA from this mutant, grown without shaking or
      supplementary aeration, appeared the same as the wild type. The minor nucleoside
      composition of the isoacceptors of tRNAPhe was obtained.

PMID- 378330
TI  - Levels of glutathione in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Log phase cells of Escherichia coli growing in minimal medium contain a basal
      level of glutathione (5 pmol/mL per Klett unit) which can increase more than
      sixfold when the cells reach stationary phase. Since the addition of cysteine
      alone to log phase cells illicits the same response, the increase in the
      intracellular pool of glutathione appears to be influenced by the amount of
      cysteine available for glutathione synthesis. Glucose depletion at low cell
      densities resulted in a decrease in the glutathione pool while the addition of
      amino acids other than cysteine did not affect the glutathione pool. Depletion of
      ammonia or proline as the nitrogen source also resulted in a decrease in the
      glutathione pool to one-third of the original basal levels as did a shift to
      anaerobic growth. The large glutathione pool in stationary phase cells dropped
      from 31.5 to 4.5 pmol/mL per Klett unit within 30 min of transfer to fresh
      medium. There was no apparent correlation between changes in the glutathione and
      coenzyme A--glutathione disulfide (CoASSG) pools after a variety of metabolic
      disruptions.

PMID- 378332
TI  - Dr. Frank Walsh.

PMID- 378331
TI  - Corneal endothelial cell function after storage in MK medium and hydrocortisone.
AB  - We stored rabbit corneas either in MK medium or MK medium plus hydrocortisone 10(
      6)M for 7 days. The corneas stored in MK medium with hydrocortisone had better
      temperature reversal characteristics than those stored in MK medium alone.

PMID- 378333
TI  - [Surgical correction of corneal astigmatism after corneal graft].
AB  - We performed Troutman's technique of corneal wedge resection in 6 patients who
      had substantial astigmatism after penetrating corneal grafts. The astigmatism was
      reduced by 5 to over 15 dioptres, and was stable for up to 36 months. The visual
      acuity was considerably improved in 5 of the 6 cases. However we could not
      neither predict the amount of correction nor the axis of the residual astigmatism
      with this technique. We stress the importance of using a keratometer when
      performing a penetrating corneal graft.

PMID- 378334
TI  - Immunological aspects of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis.
AB  - Three patients with superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK) were treated by
      conjunctival resection. The results of immunological studies and histological
      examination of the excised tissue were unremarkable; none of seven criteria of
      antibody dependence were met. We found no specific immune defects in three
      patients with superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis.

PMID- 378335
TI  - The mechanism of action of ionophore A 23187 on guinea pig intestinal smooth
      muscle.

PMID- 378336
TI  - Berlyne Memorial Lecture.

PMID- 378337
TI  - Live influenza vaccine: screening of attenuated virus strains by a 50% ciliary
      activity inhibition test in organ cultures of ferret trachea.
AB  - This study of three live attenuated inhibitor-resistant influenza vaccines showed
      that these preparations are usually antigenic and that they caused no significant
      reactions when characterized by an index of attenuation equal to or slightly
      better than 1.0 arbitrarily attributed to the 'reference' attenuated A/Hong
      Kong/68 strain of Beare and Bynoe. This index, measured in vitro on ferret
      tracheal rings, is expressed as the ratio of the time required for ciliary
      activity inhibition of 50% of the rings by the tested candidate vaccine strain
      and the 'reference' attenuated strain. Induction of heterologous antibodies was
      also observed. Oral administration of underattenuated perparations did not cause
      the severe reactions which were observed when the same vaccine was administered
      intranasally.

PMID- 378338
TI  - [Regulation of catalase synthesis in Proteus mirabilis].
AB  - During the log-phase growth of Proteus mirabilis the specific activity of
      catalase decreases, while at the beginning of or during the stationary phase an
      increase takes place which is abolished by inhibitors of nucleic acid or protein
      synthesis. Glucose in the culture medium has no appreciable effect on the level
      of enzyme synthesis nor does the passage of bacteria to anaerobiosis bring any
      noticeable change. Successive additions of hydrogen peroxide up to weak final
      concentrations (0.2--0.5 mM) stimulate catalase synthesis. Determination of the
      enzyme in vivo reveals but a weak proportion of the total catalase which can only
      be titrated after the breakdown of cells. The titrable enzyme in vivo represents,
      as an order of magnitude, the activity found associated with the cell wall, in an
      easily released form after the mechanical separation of the inner and outer
      membranes. Thus, bacteria can act upon exogenous peroxide only through a
      peripheral catalase while they possess in a masked form an important reserve of
      cytoplasmic enzyme.

PMID- 378339
TI  - [Properties of an hydrogen peroxide resistant Proteus mirabilis mutant].
AB  - A peroxide-resistant mutant (PR) was isolated from Proteus mirabilis using the
      hydrogen peroxide mutagenic property. Under the same conditions, resistance of
      mutant PR bacteria to H2O2 was 50 to 100 times greater than that of the wild
      type. The total amount of catalase produced by P. mirabilis PR was on the average
      10 times greater than that of the wild type. When PR bacteria were subjected to
      high doses of H2O2 (150mM), the determination of catalasic activity in vivo
      increased; paradoxically, there was a net decrease in the activity of the
      solubilized catalase after the breakdown of the cells. The hypothesis of an
      enzyme transfer from the inside towards the periphery of the cells is discussed.
      The behavior of a membrane enzyme (L-phenylalanine oxidase) of the PR mutant
      shows that H2O2 may cause lesions way up to the internal membrane of bacteria.

PMID- 378341
TI  - Isolation and characterization of isogenic E. coli strains with alterations in
      the level of one or more major outer membrane proteins.

PMID- 378340
TI  - A tentative direct microscopic method for counting living marine bacteria.
AB  - Yeast extract (0.025%) and nalidixic acid (0.002%) were added to seawater samples
      and the samples were incubated for 6 h at 20 degrees C in the dark. Under these
      conditions, bacterial cells did not divide but grew to form elongated cells that
      are easily recognized by a direct microscopic method and epifluorescent
      microscopic technique. The number of cells thus obtained is proposed as a direct
      cound of viable bacterial cells (DVC). With open ocean samples, DVC was higher
      than 'viable' plate counts by up to three orders of magnitude and lower than the
      direct counts by about one order.

PMID- 378342
TI  - A special tribute. Memorial to Walter C. MacKenzie.

PMID- 378343
TI  - Who invented the decimal system.

PMID- 378344
TI  - Legionnaires' disease in a renal transplant recipient.

PMID- 378345
TI  - William Boyd: new dimension to pathology.

PMID- 378346
TI  - Harold Benge Atlee: teacher, hero and friend.

PMID- 378347
TI  - A comparative trial of transsphenoidal hypophysectomy and estrogen suppression
      with aminoglutethimide in advanced breast cancer.
AB  - We compared two treatment regimens, transsphenoidal hypophysectomy and estrogen
      suppression with aminoglutethimide in women with metastatic breast carcinoma.
      Three of fourteen patients experienced partial objective tumor regression with a
      median duration of 4.6 months following hypophysectomy, whereas 10 of 21 women
      receiving aminoglutethimide responded (2 complete, 8 partial) with a median
      duration of 11.5 months. Side effects in the medical group were minimal while
      surgical complications included 2 cases of CSF rhinorrhea, one leading to
      meningitis and death. In patients receiving aminoglutethimide, urinary free
      cortisol and plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate fell significantly as did
      plasma estrone and estradiol. In the hypophysectomy group, anterior-pituitary
      function testing postoperatively revealed adequate suppression of gonadotropin
      and prolactin secretion but incomplete inhibition of the ACTH-cortisol axis in 4
      of 7 surgical patients studied. Five patients initially treated with
      hypophysectomy experienced a further reduction of plasma (and urinary) estrone
      and estradiol levels when given aminoglutethimide. We conclude that estrogen
      suppression therapy with aminoglutethimide is a feasible alternative to surgical
      hypophysectomy in providing endocrine suppression and palliation in advanced
      breast carcinoma.

PMID- 378348
TI  - Improved remission rates and remission duration in young women with metastatic
      breast cancer following combined oophorectomy and chemotherapy: a study of Cancer
      and Leukemia Groupe B.
AB  - One hundred fifty-seven premenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer were
      prospectively randomized to treatment consisting of oophorectomy + vincristine,
      prednisone, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil (VPCMF) (Reg. I) or
      oophorectomy + cyclophosphamide (Reg. II) or oophorectomy followed by an
      observation period (Phase 1), followed by VPCMF (Phase 2) (Reg. III). Complete
      plus partial response rates were 72% on Reg. I, 65% on Reg. II, 18% on Reg. III,
      Phase 1 and 50% on Reg. III, Phase 2. Median duration of response for Reg. I was
      17 months, for Reg. II 16 months, and for Phase 1 and Phase 2 of Reg. III,
      respectively, 5 months and 8 months. The response rate for patients treated with
      oophorectomy plus chemotherapy is significantly higher than the response rate
      achieved with oophorectomy alone as first treatment following the appearance of
      metastases in premenopausal women.

PMID- 378349
TI  - Cyclophosphamide-induced cardiomyopathy: a report of two cases and review of the
      English literature.
AB  - Fatal cardiomyopathy developed in two patients receiving cyclophosphamide in
      preparation for bone marrow transplantation. Both patients had normal EKGs prior
      to receiving cyclophosphamide in total doses of 168 mg/kg (case 1) and 144 mg/kg
      (case 2) and subsequently developed loss of voltage and ST-T wave changes. One
      patient (case 1) died of CHF and hypotension while the other patient (case 2)
      developed tamponade. Prior to this report, the lowest total dose of
      cyclophosphamide reported to cause fatal cardiomyopathy was 180 mg/kg. In
      contrast to anthracycline congestive cardiomyopathy, the effects of
      cyclophosphamide appear to have an acute onset and do not appear to be the
      cumulative result of drug dosing. Postmortem examination in both patients
      revealed thickened left ventricles with intramyocardial hemorrhage.

PMID- 378350
TI  - A comparison between combination chemotherapy and total body irradiation plus
      combination chemotherapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - Thirty-nine untreated patients with either lymphocytic or nodular mixed/nodular
      histiocytic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, stage II--IV, were randomized to treatment
      with total body irradiation (TBI), 100 rads in 10 fractions over 12 days, plus
      combination chemotherapy with either cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone
      (CVP) or cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone (C-MOPP) or
      to treatment with combination chemotherapy (CVP or C-MOPP) alone. Remission rate
      and duration was comparable for both treatment groups; thus the use of both
      treatment modalities ab initio provides no therapeutic advantage.

PMID- 378351
TI  - Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid following external irradiation.
AB  - Two patients with anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid following irradiation for
      Hodgkin's disease are presented, and the previously reported cases briefly
      reviewed. The risk of late development of thyroid carcinoma is life-long and high
      dose irradiation in patients with prolonged life expectancy may result in
      anaplastic carcinoma as well as less malignant histological forms.

PMID- 378352
TI  - A method for distinguishing benign from malignant breast lesions utilizing
      antibody present in normal human sera.
AB  - A sensitive immunoperoxidase technique was utilized 1) to detect the presence in
      normal human serum of antibody directed against breast carcinoma cells (tumor
      associated antibody--TAA) and 2) to determine whether this antibody could be used
      to discriminate between benign and malignant breast epithelium in sections of
      formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue. A total of 16 benign and 13 malignant
      breast lesions were examined for evidence of binding of human immunoglobulin,
      before and after application of normal human AB serum containing the putative
      tumor associated antibody--TAA. Malignant cells showed significant binding of
      human immunoglobulin (TAA); benign or normal cells did not. Clear
      immunohistological separation of benign and malignant breast lesions appears
      possible by this method.

PMID- 378353
TI  - Immunodiagnosis of mesothelioma: use of antimesothelial cell serum in an indirect
      immunofluorescence assay.
AB  - Cells isolated from human serous effusions were cultured in vitro. Monolayers of
      large multipolar cells were established. Antisera to the cultured cells were
      prepared in rabbits and rats. The antisera were absorbed with human red cells,
      liver powder and MOLT-4F cell line lymphocytes. Specificity of the absorbed
      antisera for human mesothelial cells were demonstrated in an indirect
      immunofluorescence assay. The antisera were used to confirm the diagnosis of
      mesothelioma in two cases. In both the patients, the morphologically identifiable
      malignant cell populations in the effusions stained positively with the
      antimesothelial cell serum thus establishing their mesothelial origin. Normal
      nonmesothelial tissue and known nonmesothelial tumors failed to react with the
      antisera thus confirming the specificity of the antisera.

PMID- 378354
TI  - Immunological skin testing and interpretation: a plea for uniformity.
AB  - Immunological skin tests are one of the major methods used for the assessment of
      one's immune status. A review of the literature clearly reveals that there is no
      uniform methods for the administration and interpretation of skin tests. Without
      uniformity, it is obvious that data are not comparable. Contradictory conclusions
      may be reached from the same skin test data, depending upon the method of
      interpretation used. Precedent, rather than rationale, has often determined the
      method of interpretation. There are studies which suggest that slight induration
      or erythema, often considered negative, are significant immunologic events. The
      various methods of skin test administration and interpretation are reviewed.
      Recommendations for application and interpretation are presented so that
      uniformity may exist.

PMID- 378356
TI  - Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. XXXII. Unusual features
      of Ph1-positive acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), including a review of the
      literature.
AB  - Five cases of Ph1-positive AML were studied. In all cases a Ph1-chromosome was
      shown with banding techniques to be due to a translocation between chromosomes
      No. 9 and No. 22. Cases 1 and 4 were found to have more than one Ph1 with
      evidence of only on Ph1-translocation accompanying other chromosome
      abnormalities. Two cases represented an unusual pattern of appearance and
      disappearance of the Ph1-positive clone during their clinical courses: Case No. 2
      was originally Ph1-positive (46,XY,Ph1) but two months before his expiration the
      Ph1-positive clone was completely replaced by a newly developed Ph1-negative
      clone with an abnormal chromosome No. 21 (46,XY,21q+), whereas case No. 3,
      primarily Ph1-negative, developed a Ph1-positive clone among the previously
      karyotypically normal cells one month before death. The Ph1-positive AML cases
      presented have been discussed in relation to: 1) the genesis and significance of
      the Ph1-positive clone, 2) differentiation from the blastic phase of CML and 31
      the general experience with Ph1-positive acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL),
      the world literature of which have been tabulated.

PMID- 378355
TI  - Cell-surface characteristics of hairy cell leukemia in seven patients.
AB  - Surface marker studies were performed on "hairy cells" from 7 patients with hairy
      cell leukemia (HCL). Using sensitive analytic techniques including specific
      antisera and Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS-1), further definition of
      the abnormal cell was achieved. Four different antisera were used in
      infestigating the cell surface characteristics of these patients: anti-p23,30, an
      antiserum reactive with B cells and a subset of monocytes, anti-311, which reacts
      only with T cells, pepsin digested anti-F(ab')2 which reacts with B cells only
      and pepsin digested anti-lysozyme reactive with monocytes and myeloid cells, but
      not with B or T cells. In all cases strong reactivity was observed with anti
      p23,30 and anti-F(ab')2, but no reactivity with anti-311. Five out of the seven
      cases were reactive with anti-lysozyme in a pattern similar to normal monocytes.
      Furthermore, when cells were separated according to binding to anti-p23,30, anti
      F(ab')2 and anti-lysozyme and in two cases, according to cell size, the majority
      of reactivity and large cells were "hairy" when examined under microscopy. In
      contrast, the small and nonreactive (dull cells) appeared as normal mature
      lymphocytes. Thus, our data supports the view that HCL cells bear in most cases B
      cell and monocytic membrane markers.

PMID- 378357
TI  - Steroid localization in granulosa-theca tumors of the ovary.
AB  - Eleven granulosa-theca tumors (seven pure granulosa and four with associated
      theca elements) were examined for the presence of estradiol, progesterone and
      testosterone using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique on formalin-fixed
      paraffin embedded tissue. In ten patients the endometrium was studied
      histologically and significant endometrial hyperplasia consistent with estrogen
      production by the tumors was found. Estradiol was localized in granulosa cells
      (nonluteinized) in all 11 cases and in luteinized theca cells in three of the
      four cases in which theca elements are present. In contrast, progesterone was
      always detected in luteinized theca cells and in granulosa cells in over one half
      the cases. Testosterone was also present in granulosa cells in just over half the
      cases but tended to be only weakly positive. The nonluteinized stromal cells were
      negative for all steroids. These results are compatible with the concept that in
      granulosa-theca tumors, both granulosa and theca cells can produce a wide range
      of steroid hormones but that the predominant steroid present in granulosa cells
      is estradiol, while progesterone is the predominant steroid in luteinized theca
      cells.

PMID- 378358
TI  - Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas associated with hypoglycemia: case report and
      review of the literature.
AB  - The occurrence of profound hypoglycemia in a patient with metastatic
      adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is reported. In contrast to the four previously
      reported cases, no suggestion of excess insulin production was found. Metabolic
      studies in this patient suggest both increased peripheral glucose utilization and
      decreased hepatic glucose production as contributing factors which promoted the
      hypoglycemia.

PMID- 378359
TI  - Differences in age and sex distributions among patients with non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma.
AB  - The records of a group of 337 adult patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma seen at
      the Stanford University Medical Center, Division of Oncology were examined for
      relationships between stage and histopathological classification and simple
      demographic characteristics. Patients with Stages I and II of disease and diffuse
      varieties of lymphoma were found to be younger than patients in other categories.
      An excess of male patients was noted particularly in younger patients with
      diffuse lymphoma and Stages I and II of disease. Male patients with Stages I and
      II disease were noted to be bimodally distributed with respect to age, with peak
      number of patients in the fourth and sixth decades. This was particularly
      apparent among patients with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. The implications of
      these findings are discussed.

PMID- 378360
TI  - Sixth Annual Wendell G. Scott Memorial Lecture.

PMID- 378361
TI  - Ultrastructural and immunohistological study of immunoblastic sarcoma developing
      in child with immunoblastic lymphadenopathy.
AB  - The first case of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy developing in a child which
      progressed to immunoblastic sarcoma is reported. The sarcoma cells showed light
      and electron microscopic features of transformed lymphocytes (immunoblasts) but
      it was not possible to establish their B-cell origin using a peroxidase
      antiperoxidase technique for the demonstration of intracellular immunoglobulins.
      In the affected lymph nodes there was marked proliferation of reticulum and
      endothelial cells both of which contained numerous intranuclear inclusions which
      may be of viral origin. Ultrastructural studies suggest that the amorphous
      eosinophilic interstitial material, an important diagnostic morphological feature
      of immunoblastic lymphadenopahy, results from the oblique sectioning of the
      elongated and branching cytoplasmic processes of reticulum cells. It is
      postulated that in immunoblastic lymphadenopathy the proliferation of reticulum
      and endothelial cells may be the primary event, perhaps stimulated by viral
      infection and that the intense lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltration and
      sarcomatous transformation occur as secondary phenomena.

PMID- 378362
TI  - Childhood lymphoma in southern Iran.
AB  - A study of 81 childhood lymphomas diagnosed in the Department of Pathology of
      Pahlavi University Medical Center, Shiraz, Iran, encompassing all histologically
      diagnosed childhood lymphomas from the Fars Province, Southern Iran over a 14
      year period (1963--1976) revealed a 3:1 male predominance and a 1:4 frequency
      compared to adult lymphomas. Peripheral lymphadenopathy at the initial physical
      examination was almost twice as common as deep node involvement. Comparison of
      cumulative and age-standardized (to world population) incidence rates with those
      of selected Tumor Registries in various continents revealed a higher rate in our
      region of both non-Hodgkin's and Hodgkin's lymphoma relative to some of the
      Western countries. Our incidence rates were in general intermediate between
      Western populations on one hand and some South America, African and Asian
      populations on the other. Hodgkin's disease accounted for 64% (males) and 88%
      (females) of lymphomas and mixed cellularity was the commonest histologic
      subtype. Histologically almost all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were diffuse at the
      time of diagnosis.

PMID- 378363
TI  - Unusual manifestations of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - Two patients with biopsy proven lymphomatous infiltration of uncommon sites are
      presented. One had histiocytic lymphoma, involving the true vocal cord with a
      squamous cell carcinoma on the opposite vocal cord. The other had diffuse well
      differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma, presenting with nodal and periorbital
      disease. After local radiation therapy and while clinically free of other
      lesions, he developed hemotochezia due to several polypoid lesions throughout the
      entire colon and prostatic infiltration with symptoms of lower urinary tract
      obstruction. Both problems were solved after specific treatment.

PMID- 378364
TI  - Metastasizing extradural ependymoma of the sacrococcygeal region: case report and
      review of literature.
AB  - A case is discussed in which the patient presented with a primary extradural
      sacrococcygeal ependymoma and synchronous pulmonary metastasis. The clinical
      course has been characterized by recurrent pulmonary metastases. Management has
      consisted of repeated surgical resections of the pulmonary metastases and the
      tumor at the primary site; and the use of a wide spectrum of chemotherapeutic
      agents. Transplantation of this tumor into nude mice initially resulted in rapid
      growth but there was spontaneous regression in the second transplants. A general
      discussion of the management of such lesions is presented, and the literature
      pertaining to this tumor is discussed.

PMID- 378365
TI  - Phase II evaluation of ftorafur in previously untreated colorectal cancer: a
      Southwest Oncology Group Study.
AB  - Eighty-four previously untreated patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the
      large intestine received intravenous ftorafur at a dosage of 2.25 g/m2/day for 5
      consecutive days. Courses were repeated every three weeks. Regressions were noted
      in 9 of 84 treated patients (11%). Median survival for all patients was 32 weeks.
      Responders survived only 5 weeks longer than nonresponders; 36 vs. 31 weeks.
      Central nervous system toxicity was a limiting factor occurring in one-third of
      patients. Ftorafur in a daily X5 schedule appears not to make a significant
      contribution to the management of disseminated colorectal cancer.

PMID- 378366
TI  - Mutagenic activity of marihuana smoke condensates.
AB  - Smoke condensates prepared from marihuana cigaretts were mutagenic in strain TA98
      of the Ames Salmonella/microsome test, a short-term bioassay which estimates the
      mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of some chemicals. The mutagens in marihuana
      smoke condensates required liver enzymes to be activated. The specific mutagenic
      activity of marihuana smoke condensates were similar to that of tobacco smoke
      condensates prepared from American cigarettes. Fractionation studies of the
      marihuana smoke condensates showed that basic components accounted for 76% of the
      recovered mutagenic activity.

PMID- 378367
TI  - A nucleolar antigen found in a broad range of human malignant tumor specimens.
AB  - With rabbit antibodies to nuclear 0.01 M Tris-HCl, pH 8, extract or "nucleolar
      preparations" of human HeLa S3 cells and fluorescein-labeled goat anti-rabbit
      antibodies, bright nucleolar immunofluorescence was observed in 61 or 63 human
      adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, sarcomas, hematological neoplasms, and
      other malignant tumors. With these antibodies, nucleolar immunofluorescence was
      not found in 23 normal tissue specimens, 10 benign adenomas and hyperplastic
      tissues, and 8 specimens of inflammatory diseases. In the nontumorous tissues
      examined, positive nucelolar fluorescence was found in a few sections of a
      gastric ulcer and chronic ulcerative colitis which have been known propensities
      for malignant change; these areas may have been undergoing focal malignant
      changes.

PMID- 378368
TI  - Human urinary metabolites of 1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil (ftoraful).
AB  - Two hydroxylated metabolites were isolated from the urine of a patient who had
      received ftorafur (5 g/sq m). These metabolites were identified by mass
      spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as trans-3'- and cis-4'
      hydroxyftorafur. The compounds were not converted to 4-fluorouracil when
      incubated in plasma, base (pH 9), or water. Because of their stability, it is
      unlikely that these metabolites are in vivo precursors of 5-fluorouracil. There
      are indications that less stable, unisolatable, hydroxylated ftorafur derivatives
      are intermediates in the conversion of ftorafur to 5-fluorouracil.

PMID- 378369
TI  - Daunorubicin and adriamycin in cancer treatment: an analysis of their roles and
      limitations.

PMID- 378370
TI  - Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II).

PMID- 378371
TI  - Psychological adjustment to mastectomy.

PMID- 378372
TI  - Perspectives on physiological monitoring: Markellinos on the pulse.

PMID- 378373
TI  - [Centennial of the publishing of Eiselt's Professional Pathology and Therapy].

PMID- 378374
TI  - [The Casopis lekaru ceskych 50 years ago].

PMID- 378375
TI  - [The effect of mercurascan on some of the metabolic parameters of myocardial
      ischaemia in the early phases after heart transplantation in the dog (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 378376
TI  - [Charles IV and the early history of the Prague medical faculty in the works of
      its own staff members in the first half of the 19th century (author's transl)].

PMID- 378378
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistant Professor Karel Masek, C.Sc].

PMID- 378377
TI  - [The 70th anniversary of Academician Cernacek].

PMID- 378379
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistant Professor Stanislav Tichy, C.Sc. (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 378380
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of Assistant Professor Miloslav Keclik, C.Sc].

PMID- 378381
TI  - The distribution of vasopressin-, oxytocin-, and neurophysin-producing neurons in
      the guinea pig brain. I. The classical hypothalamo-neurophypophyseal system.
AB  - The location, cytology and projections of vasopressin-, oxytocin-, and
      neurophysin-producing neurons in the guinea pig were investigated using specific
      antisera against vasopressin, oxytocin or neurophysin in the unlabeled antibody
      enzyme immunoperoxidase method. Light microscopic examination of the neurons of
      the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei shows that hormone is transported not
      only in axons, but also in processes having the characteristics of dendrites.
      Neurons were found to contain only vasopressin or oxytocin; all neurons
      containing neurophysin appear to contain either vasopressin or oxytocin. In the
      neural lobe, vasopressin and oxytocin terminals are intermingled. In the median
      eminence, vasopressin and oxytocin fibers are intermingled in the internal zone.
      In a caudal portion of the median eminence, a number of vasopressin and
      neurophysin (but few oxytocin) axons enter the external zone from the internal
      zone, and surround portal capillaries. In the supraotic nucleus, vasopressin
      neurons outnumber oxytocin neurons with a ratio of at least 5:1. The
      paraventricular nucleus is separated into two distinct groups of neurons, a
      lateral group consisting of only vasopressin neurons, and a medial group
      consisting of only oxytocin neurons. In addition to axons passing to the
      neurohypophysis, a number of axons appear to interconnect the supraoptic and
      paraventricular nuclei.

PMID- 378383
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of a calcium-binding protein in the rat duodenum.
AB  - The cellular localization of the vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein
      (CaBP) in the duodenum of rat was studied using indirect immunofluorescence and
      immunoperoxidase-staining methods. Specific positive reaction product, indicative
      of the presence of CaBP, was exclusively located within the villous part of the
      duodenal mucosa. Moreover, CaBP was detected mainly within the supranuclear
      region of the cytoplasm of absorptive cells and also at the level of their basal
      laminae. CaBP was not demonstrable either in the nuclei or associated with the
      brush border membrane of absorptive cells. Also, CaBP was neither detectable in
      goblet cells nor in sub-epithelial layers. When the specific anti-CaBP antiserum
      was replaced by nonimmune rabbit serum or when it was preabsorbed on a CaBP
      Sepharose conjugate, no positive immunostaining was seen. Together with recent
      biochemical data our observations agree well with the view that CaBP may act as
      an intracellular "buffer" by protecting the cell against too high Ca2+
      concentrations.

PMID- 378382
TI  - Ontogenesis of cells producing polypeptide hormones (ACTH, MSH, LPH, GH,
      prolactin) in the fetal hypophysis of the rat: influence of the hypothalamus.
AB  - The ontogenesis of cells containing polypeptide hormones (ACTH, MSH, LPH, GH and
      Prolactin) was investigated in the fetal rat hypophysis by immunohistochemistry
      using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex. Corticotrophs, melanotrophs and
      lipotropic cells were revealed earlier in the pars distalis than in the pars
      intermedia. In the pars distalis, cells producing LPH were found in the morning
      of day 15 of gestation using anti-gamma- or anti-beta-LPH sera, and in afternoon
      using anti-alpha- or beta-endorphin sera. Cells containing beta-MSH were observed
      from the afternoon of day 15. The cells stainable with the anti-alpha-MSH, anti
      beta-(17--39)ACTH and anti-beta-(1--24)ACTH sera appeared on day 16. In the pars
      intermedia, the cells producing alpha-MSH, beta-MSH, alpha- and beta-endorphin,
      gamma- and beta-LPH were observed in the morning of day 17, while cells
      containing ACTH were only revealed in the afternoon of the same day of gestation.
      Based on the treatment of serial paraffin sections with various antisera, it was
      clearly shown that MSH, ACTH, and LPH occur in the same cells located in the pars
      distalis as in the pars intermedia. The development of the corticotrophs,
      melanotrophs and lipotropic cells does not require the presence of the fetal
      hypothalamus or other central nervous structures. The pituitary glands of 21 day
      old fetus encephalectomized on day 16 showed as many reactive cells as those of
      the littermate controls. The somatotrophs were first revealed in the pars
      distalis in the afternoon of day 19. The cells producing prolactin were not
      observed before day 21 of gestation. On some cases GH and prolactin were found
      together in one cell. The cytodifferentiation of GH and prolactin cells is
      apparently not under hypothalamic control.

PMID- 378384
TI  - Indication for a granule-free form of vasopressin in immobilization-stressed
      rats.
AB  - Following immobilization stress the supraoptic nucleus exhibits an increased
      number of coarse, heavily immunostained fibers in the basal glia labyrinth.
      Ultrastructural immunocytochemistry demonstrates a labeling of the rough
      endoplasmic reticulum in the neurosecretory perikarya and granule-free,
      immunoreactive material in the axons adjacent to the basal glia labyrinth.
      Furthermore, a labeling of the intercellular clefts of the neuropil is
      demonstrable in the supraoptic nucleus. These results lead to the hypothesis that
      1) vasopressin is synthesized and released in two forms, in a granule-bound form
      and in a granule-free, probably more soluble form, and that 2) the latter might
      be released already in the nuclear area into the intercellular clefts from where
      it may reach its target cells via the cerebrospinal fluid of the subarachnoid
      space.

PMID- 378387
TI  - Dr. E. Sanders.

PMID- 378386
TI  - Richard Murchison Morris.

PMID- 378385
TI  - Immunocytochemical localisation of prolactin and growth hormone in the perinatal
      sheep pituitary: a morphological and quantitative study.
AB  - The proxidase anti-peroxidase immunocytochemical staining technique has been used
      to identify prolactin and growth hormone cells in pituitaries from fetal and
      neonatal sheep. The size of the secretory granules in these cell types has been
      measured using the image analysing computer Quantimet 720. The area size
      distributions of the fetal prolactin and growth hormone granules were compared
      with those in the neonate and the adult. It appears that the gestional age of the
      fetus may influence the size range of prolactin secretory granules.

PMID- 378388
TI  - Diagnostic tests for tricuspid insufficiency: how good?

PMID- 378389
TI  - Structural features of lambda site-specific recombination at a secondary att site
      in galT.

PMID- 378390
TI  - A secondary attachment site for bacteriophage lambda in trpC of E. coli.
AB  - We have determined the nucleotide sequence of a secondary lambda attachment site
      in trpC. Direct sequence analysis of lambdatrp transducing phage DNA fragments
      carrying the two prophage attachment sites reveals a 6 nucleotide homology in the
      crossover region which is a subset of the 15 nucleotide core sequence in the
      primary lambda attachment site: GCTTTTTTATACTAA. This 6 nucleotide sequence is
      also present in the intact trpC genome at the attachment site, as shown by
      analysis of trpC mRNA spanning this region.

PMID- 378391
TI  - Identification of a gene for alpha-tubulin in Aspergillus nidulans.

PMID- 378392
TI  - Isolation of galactose-inducible DNA sequences from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by
      differential plaque filter hybridization.
AB  - Multiple nitrocellulose DNA filter replicas of plaques of in vitro generated
      recombinants of phage lambda and Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been screened by
      hybridization with 32P-labeled cDNA probes. These probes were representative of
      total poly(A)-containing RNA of yeast cells grown on acetate, galactose, glucose
      or maltose. This approach allows the use of specific differences in total RNA
      populations as probes for gene isolation. Five "galactose-induced" clones have
      been isolated. Expression of the RNA coding regions on at least two cloned
      sequences, Sc481 and Sc482, is regulated by genes known to control the expression
      of the structural genes required for the conversion of exogenous galactose to
      endogenous glucose-1-phosphate. One cloned sequence, Sc484, is expressed during
      growth on all carbon sources except glucose, and is not under control by the
      galactose regulatory genes. This clone contains a sequence that is repeated 3
      times in the yeast genome. The cloned fragment Sc481 contains coding regions for
      all or part of three galactose"induced RNAs and may correspond to the GAL 1, GAL
      7, GAL 10 gene cluster region of chromosome II.

PMID- 378393
TI  - Recent developments in the molecular genetics of human hemoglobin.

PMID- 378394
TI  - Structure and organization of the two tRNATyr gene clusters on the E. coli
      chromosome.
AB  - The structure and organization of the gene clusters coding for the two tyrosine
      accepting tRNA species (tRNA1Tyr and tRNA2Tyr) on the E. coli chromosome have
      been determined. The mature structural sequences of the two tRNATyr genes,
      located on opposite sides of the E. coli chromosome, differ by only 2 bp, but
      sequences surrounding these portions of the genes are very different. The genes
      coding for tRNA1Tyr (tyrT) comprise two mature structural sequences separated by
      a 200 bp "intergenic spacer." It is known that in transducing phage, the region
      adjoining the CCA end of the second mature structural sequence comprises a 178 bp
      repeated sequence which contains an in vitro, rho-dependent transcriptional
      termination site. We find that these potentially genetically unstable repeated
      sequences are present in the E. coli chromosome with the same organization as
      that determined from transducing phage analyses. The gene that codes for tRNA2Tyr
      (tyrU) is present in a single copy and is tightly clustered with three other tRNA
      genes. One of these genes (to be called thrU) encodes a previously undescribed
      tRNA (to be called tRNA4Thr). The organization of this cluster on the E. coli
      chromosome is tRNA4Thr--8 bp--tRNA2Tyr--115 bp--tRNA2Gly--6 bp--tRNA3Thr. The
      importance of correlating structural analyses derived from specialized
      transducing phage with those determined for the chromosome itself is demonstrated
      by results which show that out of four independently isolated tRNATyr transducing
      phage, two carrying the tRNA1Tyr genes [phi80psu3+,- (Cambridge) and
      phi80sus2psu3+ (Kyoto)] and two carrying the tRNA2Tyr gene (lambdarifd 18 and
      lambdah80dglyTsu+36), only the first phage from each group has the same gene
      organization as that found in the E. coli chromosome.

PMID- 378395
TI  - Mutants in transmission of chemotactic signals from two independent receptors of
      E. coli.
AB  - We have characterized chemotactic mutants of E. coli that appear to be defective
      in a common linkage of two independent receptors to the central chemotactic
      components. The mutants do not respond to gradients of ribose or galactose and
      thus are called trg (taxis to ribose and galactose), after Ordal and Adler
      (1974b). These trg mutants are indistinguishable from their parent in tactic
      response to other attractants, swimming pattern, growth rates, and transport of
      ribose and galactose. The mutant cells contain the usual amounts of ribose and
      galactose receptors, and those proteins function normally in their other role,
      transport of their respective ligands. The mutations, generated by insertion of
      translocatable drug-resistance elements (transposons)8 are located near 31 min on
      the map of the E. coli chromosome, a locus far removed from the genes coding for
      the ribose and galactose receptors. Trg mutants do not resemble either specific
      receptor mutants or che mutants. The nature of the requirement for the trg
      product in the response to ribose and galactose is not defined, but evidence for
      interference of tactic signals from the ribose and galactose receptors (Strange
      and Koshland, 1976) supports the idea that the product functions directly in the
      transmission of tactic signals from the two receptors to the flagella.

PMID- 378397
TI  - On spacers.

PMID- 378396
TI  - Immunogenetic aspects of abnormal sexual differentiation.

PMID- 378398
TI  - DNA sequence analysis of Tn10 insertions: origin and role of 9 bp flanking
      repetitions during Tn10 translocation.
AB  - The sequences of insertions of the translocatable tetracycline-resistance element
      Tn10 into the repressor (cl) gene of bacteriophage lambda have been analyzed.
      Each insertion contains the same discrete set of Tn10 sequences flanked by a
      direct repetition of a 9 bp cl-gene sequence. The flanking repititions are
      generated by duplication of information present only in the target DNA molecule
      rather than by a Campbell-type recombination event between one 9 bp sequence on
      the target DNA and a second one provided on the incoming element. The repetitions
      do not contain genetic or structural information important for translocation. A
      genetically constructed Tn10 insertion which lacks flanking repetitions is fully
      functional in translocation to a new position. Tn10 insertions cluster at
      preferred positions along a target DNA (Kleckner et al., 1979). Sequence analysis
      shows that four independently isolated cl::Tn10 insertions occur at identical
      positions in the cl gene. We speculate that homology between Tn10 and its target,
      at some distance from the site of the actual recombination event, could be
      relevant to the preference of Tn10 for particular insertion sites.

PMID- 378399
TI  - Evidence for transposition of dispersed repetitive DNA families in yeast.
AB  - Dispersed repetitive DNA sequences from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) nuclear
      DNA have been isolated as molecular hybrids in lambdagt. Related S. cerevisiae
      strains show marked alterations in the size of the restriction fragments
      containing these repetitive DNAs. "Ty1" is one such family of repeated sequences
      in yeast and consists of a 5.6 kilobase (kb) sequence including a noninverted
      0.25 kb sequence of another repetitious family, "delta", on each end. There are
      about 35 copies of Ty1 and at least 100 copies of delta (not always associated
      with Ty1) in the haploid genome. A few Ty1 elements are tandem and/or circular,
      but most are disperse and show (along with delta) some sequence divergence
      between repeat units. Sequence alterations involving Ty1 elements have been found
      during the continual propagation of a single yeast clone over the course of a
      month. One region with a large number of delta sequences (SUP4) also shows a high
      frequency of sequence alterations when different strains are compared. One of the
      differences between two such strains involves the presence or absence of a Ty1
      element. The novel joint is at one inverted pair of delta sequences.

PMID- 378400
TI  - Identification and mapping of the transcriptional and translational products of
      the yeast plasmid, 2mu circle.
AB  - We have identified two major and approximately ten minor poly(A)-containing RNA
      species in S. cerevisiae which arise from in vivo transcription of the yeast
      plasmid, known as 2mu circle. The two major species, which are 1325 and 1275
      bases in length, are transcribed from the two unique halves of the plasmid and
      extend into the inverted repeat sequences which separate the unique regions. The
      map positions of the minor transcripts, which range in length from 350 to 2600
      bases, indicate that except for a small region of the genome in which no
      transcription is observed, both strands of the entire 2mu circle genome are
      transcribed. We also present evidence demonstrating that RNA transcribed from 2mu
      circular DNA is used to program the synthesis of specific proteins in yeast: that
      is, yeast RNA complementary to 2mu circle DNA can be translated in vitro to
      produce specific polypeptides of substantial size. Finally, the pattern of
      transcription of 2mu circle suggests the possibility that messenger RNA species
      are derived by cleavage of larger transcripts, and in addition, that the
      intramolecular recombination of 2mu circle which occurs in yeast functions as a
      genetic switch to allow separate expression of two sets of genes on the 2mu
      circle genome.

PMID- 378401
TI  - Initial adhesion of human fibroblasts in serum-free medium: possible role of
      secreted fibronectin.
AB  - Experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that the initial attachment
      and spreading of human fibroblasts in serum-free medium occurs to cell
      fibronectin which has been secretd spread on tissue culture substrata in serum
      free medium in 60 min. When potential protein adsorption sites on the substratum
      were covered with bovine serum albumin before initial human fibroblasts
      attachment, their subsequent attachment to the substratum was prevented. When
      substratum adsorption sites were covered immediately after initial attachment,
      subsequent cell spreading was prevented. The distribution of fibronectin on human
      fibroblast surfaces during initial attachment and spreading was studied by
      indirect immunofluorescence analysis using a monospecific anti-cold-insoluble
      globulin antiserum. The initial appearance (10 min) of fibronectin was in spots
      over the entire cell surface. Concomitant with human fibroblast spreading, the
      random distribution of sites disappeared, and most fibronectin was subsequently
      observed in spots at the cell substratum interface (60 min). A fibrillar pattern
      of fibronectin appeared later (2-8 hr). The sites beneath the cells could be
      visualized as footprints on the substratum following treatment of the attached
      human fibroblasts with 0.1 M NaOH. A second fluorescence pattern of fibronectin
      secreted on the substratum was characterized by a diffuse halo around the cells
      and a very faint, diffuse staining elsewhere on the substratum. Another cell type
      (baby hamster kideny cells) was used to assay biologically for the presence or
      absence of the factor secreted by human fibroblasts on the substratum. Human
      fibroblasts were found to secrete an adhesion factor for baby hamster kidney
      cells into the substratum in a time- and temperature-dependent fashion, and
      immunological studies indicated that the factor secreted by human fibroblasts was
      cross-reactive with cold-in-soluble globulin, the plasma form of fibronectin. The
      conditioning factor secreted by the human fibroblasts was also found to be an
      attachment and spreading factor for human fibroblasts in experiments measuring
      human fibroblast adhesion to fibronectin footprints of human fibroblasts.
      Substratum-adsorbed cold-insoluble globulin was also found to be an attachment
      and spreading factor for human fibroblasts. Based upon the timing of appearance
      of conditioning factors on the substratum and the immunofluorescence patterns, it
      seems that the diffusely organized fibronectin on the substratum constitutes the
      sites to which cell attachment occurs. The bright spots of fibronectin that
      appear beneath the cells may represent fibronectin reorganization during cell
      spreading.

PMID- 378402
TI  - Lipid fluidity-dependent biosynthesis and assembly of the outer membrane proteins
      of E. coli.

PMID- 378403
TI  - Site-specific cleavage of DNA by E. coli DNA gyrase.
AB  - E. coli DNA gyrase, which catalyzes the supercoiling of DNA, cleaves DNA site
      specifically when oxolinic acid and sodium dodecylsulfate are added to the
      reaction. We studied the structure of the gyrasecleaved DNA because of its
      implications for the reaction mechanism and biological role of gyrase. Gyrase
      made a staggered cut, creating DNA termini with a free 3' hydroxyl and a 5'
      extension that provided a template primer for DNA polymerase. The cleaved DNA was
      resistant to labeling with T4 polynucleotide kinase even after treatment with
      proteinase K. Thus the denatured enzyme that remains attached to cleaved DNA is
      covalently bonded to both 5' terminal extensions. The 5' extensions of many
      gyrase cleavage fragments from phi X174, SV40 and Col E1 DNA were partially
      sequenced using repair with E. coli DNA polymerase I. No unique sequence existed
      within the cohesive ends, but G was the predominant first base incorporated by
      DNA polymerase I. The cohesive and sequences of four gyrase sites were
      determined, and they demonstrated a four base 5' extension. The dinucleotide TG,
      straddling the gyrase cut on one DNA strand, provided the only common bases
      within a 100 bp region surrounding the cleavage sites. Analysis of other cleavage
      fragments showed that cutting between a TG doublet is common to most, or all,
      gyrase cleavages. Other bases common to some of the sequenced sites were
      clustered nonrandomly around the TG doublet, and may be variable components of
      the cleavage sequence. This diverse recognition sequence with common elements is
      a pattern shared with several other specific nucleic acid-protein interactions.

PMID- 378404
TI  - Deletions of a tyrosine tRNA gene in S. cerevisiae.
AB  - Genetic fine structure analysis of a tyrosine tRNA in yeast revealed that
      complete deletions of the gene occurred at an unusually high frequency. Among 56
      spontaneous mutations at the SUP4 locus, 16 were classified as deletions as
      judged by their failure to recombine with any other mutations known to map within
      the gene. Physical analysis of each deletion confirmed the genetic result. The
      deletions fall into two size classes: ten are 2100 bp deletions and six are 2800
      bp deletions. These results imply that the physical structure of the region
      surrounding the SUP4 locus, which is known to contain short repeated segments,
      has a direct role in promoting deletions.

PMID- 378405
TI  - DNA sequences of promoter regions for rRNA operons rrnE and rrnA in E. coli.
AB  - The nucleotide sequences have been determined for the promoter regions of two
      ribosomal RNA operons, rrnA and rrnE, in E. coli. The sequences cover the two in
      vitro transcription start sites identified for each operon (Gilbert, der Boer and
      Nomura, 1979). The first two start sites are 283 and 291 bp preceding the mature
      16S rRNA (m16S rNA) coding regions for rrnE and rrnA, respectively; the second
      start sites are 174 and 174 +/- 1 bp preceding the m16S rRNA coding regions for
      rrnE and rrnA, respectively. Each of these start sites has an identifiable
      "Pribnow box" sequence 6-7 bp upstream from the start site. The nucleotide
      sequences of the two operons have nearly complete homology from the m16S rRNA
      coding regions to positions 145 bp upstream from those regions, and at the
      regions surrounding the Pribnow boxes preceding the first start sites. The DNA
      sequences indicate that the RNAs transcribed from the first start sites of rrnE
      and rrnA are quite different in their first 150 nucleotides. These heterogeneous
      regions, however, precede the RNAse III cleavage sites (deduced previously by
      Young and Steitz, 1978), and the "precursor 16S rRNA" molecules are largely
      homogeneous. The nucleotide sequences of the promoter regions of the two rRNA
      operons are also compared with those or rrnD and rrnX, determined by Young and
      Steitz (1979), and some common features are discussed.

PMID- 378406
TI  - Identification of initiation sites for the in vitro transcription of rRNA operons
      rrnE and rrnA in E. coli.
AB  - The transcription initiation sites of E. coli rRNA operons were determined using
      various DNA fragments derived from transducing phage lambda metA20 carrying rrnE
      and from hybrid plasmid pLC19-3 carrying rrnA. In vitro transcription products
      were analyzed for their 5' end sequences and their oligonucleotide compositions.
      The results are in full agreement with the nuceotide sequences of the DNA
      templates described in an accompanying paper (de Boer, Gilbert and Nomura, 1979)
      and allow us to make the following conclusions. First, there are two
      transcription, start sites on each of the rRNA operons; they are 109 bp apart in
      the case of rrnE and 117 +/- 1 bp aprart in rrnA. Second, the first start site is
      283 bp upstream from the m16S rRNA coding region in the case of rrnE, while is
      291 bp upstream in rrnA. Initiation starts with ATP in both cases. Finally, the
      second start sites are 174 and 174 +/- 1 bp from the m16S rRNA genes in rrnE and
      rrnA, respectively. Initiation starts with CTP in both cases. We have also shown
      that in the present in vitro transcription system, guanosine tetraphosphate
      (ppGpp) inhibits the synthesis of full-sized RNAs from both start sites in each
      rRNA operon.

PMID- 378408
TI  - Asymmetry and directionality in production of new cell types during clonal
      growth: the switching pattern of homothallic yeast.
AB  - Homothallic Saccharomyces yeasts efficiently interconvert between two cell types,
      the mating types a and alpha. These interconversions have been proposed to occur
      by genetic rearrangement ("cassette" insertion) at the locus controlling cell
      type (the mating type locus). The pattern of switching from one cell type to the
      other during growth of a clone of homothallic cells has been followed by direct
      microscopic observation, and the results have been summarized as "rules" of
      switching. First, when a cell divides, it produces either two cells with the same
      mating type as the original cell or two cells that have switched to the other
      mating type. This observation suggests that the mating type locus is changed
      early in the cell cycle, in late Gl or during S. Second, the ability to produce
      cells that have switched mating type is restricted to cells that have previously
      divided ("experienced cells"). Spores and buds ("inexperienced cells") rarely if
      ever give rise to cells with changed mating type. A homothallic yeast cell thus
      exhibits asymmetric segregation of the potential for mating type interconversion-
      at each cell division, the mother, but not the daughter, is capable of switching
      cell types in its next division. Homothallic cells also exhibit directionality in
      switching: experienced cells switch to the opposite cell type in more than 50% of
      cell divisions. These results show that the process of mating type
      interconversion is itself controlled during growth of a clone of homothallic
      cells. By analogy and extension of these results, we propose that multiple cell
      types can be produced in a specific pattern during development of a higher
      eucaryote in a model involving sequential cassette insertion.

PMID- 378407
TI  - Formation of filopodia in coelomocytes: localization of fascin, a 58,000 dalton
      actin cross-linking protein.

PMID- 378409
TI  - In vitro processing of B. mori transfer RNA precursor molecules.
AB  - Ribonuclease P and 3'-5' nuclease, two enzymatic activities necessary for tRNA
      synthesis in E. coli, are also found in the silkgland cells of Bombyx mori. B.
      mori subcellular extracts containing RNAase P activity can cleave the E. coli
      tRNA precursor molecule endonucleolytically at the same site as the E. coli
      enzyme, and will also cleave in vitro all E. coli tRNA precursors (pre-tRNAs)
      which the bacterial enzyme recognizes. B. mori RNAase P will not cleave two E.
      coli RNAase P substrates that are structurally unrelated to tRNA. Pre-tRNAs from
      B. mori contain extra 5' and 3' nucleotides as judged by RNA fingerprinting and
      5' terminal phosphate analysis. Crude silkgland extracts containing both RNAase P
      and 3'-5' nuclease can remove the 5' and 3' extra nucleotides from B. mori pre
      tRNAs, whereas purified fractions containing RNAase P remove only 5' extra
      nucleotides. Only large silkworm pre-tRNAs were found to be susceptible to
      cleavage by B. mori RNAase P. This observation and sequence analysis of
      intermediates of in vitro processing reactions indicate a two-step process of pre
      tRNA maturation in which extra 5' nucleotides are first removed by RNAase P and
      extra 3' nucleotides are then trimmed off by a 3'-5' nuclease.

PMID- 378410
TI  - In vitro transcription and processing of a yeast tRNA gene containing an
      intervening sequence.
AB  - A gene for Saccharomyces cerevisiae tRNATrp has been sequenced which contains an
      intervening sequence of 34 bp (H. S. Kang and J. Abelson, unpublished results).
      The mutant yeast strain ts-136 accumulates a precursor to tRNATrp which contains
      mature ends and is colinear with the tRNATrp gene. A nuclear extract from Xenopus
      oocytes is capable of supporting transcription of the tRNATrp gene contained on
      plasmid pBR313. The products are precursor tRNAs which contain the intervening
      RNA sequence. The Xenopus extract accurately splices the precursor transcript to
      mature-sized tRNATrp.

PMID- 378411
TI  - Cell surface changes during muscle differentiation in vitro: a study with the
      probe 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonate.
AB  - Cell surface changes during muscle differentiation in vitro, were investigated
      using the non permeant probe 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonate (TNBS) in order to
      label the aminogroups of proteins exposed on the outer surface of the plasma
      membrane. Surface proteins of chick myotubes and 'mature' unfused myoblasts
      (myoblasts grown for 7 days in a calcium-depleted medium) were found to bind an
      equal amount of probe, which is twice the amount bound by surface proteins in
      'immature' myoblasts (1--2 days of culture) and fibroblasts. This indicates that
      a 'remodelling' of the plasma membrane outer surface takes place in the course of
      muscle cell differentiation even in the absence of cell fusion. Moreover, the
      total amount of TNBS bound to the surface was 4--5 times greater in myotubes than
      in unfused myoblasts. This appears to result from the surface expansion which
      occurs in myotubes during the development of the T tubule system.

PMID- 378412
TI  - Demonstration of the simultaneous presence of transferrin, hemopexin and albumin
      in the same adult rat hepatocyte.
AB  - The location of three plasma proteins (transferrin, hemopexin, and albumin) in
      hepatocytes was investigated in adult rats. The synthesis of transferrin anf
      hemopexin has been established by ultrastructural studies showing a labeling of
      the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). By using an indirect immunoenzymatic
      method with monospecific antibody solutions, the three proteins were detected in
      the same hepatocyte. The simultaneous presence of different plasma proteins in
      hepatocytes seems to point to the fact that the synthesis in these cells could be
      a non-specialized type.

PMID- 378413
TI  - IgM and IgG direct plaque-forming cells develop during the immune response of
      miniature swine to sheep erythrocytes.

PMID- 378414
TI  - Suppression of in vitro antibody response by ribosome-associated factor(s) from
      interferon-treated cells.

PMID- 378416
TI  - Mechanisms of corticosteroid action on lymphocyte subpopulations. V. Effects of
      in vivo hydrocortisone on the circulatory kinetics and function of naturally
      occuring and mitogen-induced suppressor cells in man.

PMID- 378415
TI  - Mechanisms of corticosteroid action on lymphocyte subpopulations. IV. Effects of
      in vitro hydrocortisone on naturally occuring and mitogen-induced suppressor
      cells in man.

PMID- 378417
TI  - Endothelium-lymphocyte interactions in vitro. II. Adherence of allergized
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 378418
TI  - Cell surface receptors for lymphokines. I. The possible role of glycolipids as
      receptors for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and macrophage
      activation factor (MAF).

PMID- 378419
TI  - Cell surface receptors for lymphokines. II. Studies on the carbohydrate
      composition of the MIF receptor on macrophages using synthetic saccharides and
      plant lectins.

PMID- 378421
TI  - Early biochemical events in lymphocyte activation. I. Investigations on the
      nature and significance of early calcium fluxes observed in mitogen-induced T and
      B lymphocytes.

PMID- 378422
TI  - An immunostimulatory substance in the ascites fluid of patients with cancer
      metastatic to peritoneum.

PMID- 378420
TI  - Differentiation of B-cell subsets after antigen priming.

PMID- 378423
TI  - Macrophage activation for tumor cytotoxicity: genetic variation in macrophage
      tumoricidal capacity among mouse strains.

PMID- 378424
TI  - In vitro development of a primary antibody response with lymph node cells.

PMID- 378425
TI  - Cold-stable microtubules in the cytoplasm of mouse embryo fibroblasts.
AB  - Treatment of cultured mouse embryo fibroblasts with Triton X-100 after prolonged
      incubation at 0 degrees C reveals a network of microtubules in the cytoplasm of
      cooled cells. This network of cold-stable microtubules was demonstrated by
      immunofluorescence microscopy, using a monospecific antibody against tubulin and
      by electron microscopy. The cold-stable microtubules, as well as the ordinary
      cytoplasmic microtubules, were sensitive to Ca ions and were not observed in the
      cells pre-treated with colchicine or vinblastine. The cold-stable microtubules do
      not seem to be in equilibrium with the pool of depolymerized tubulin at 0 degrees
      C.

PMID- 378426
TI  - Effect of intracellular injection of La3+ and Mn2+ on electrical coupling of
      heart cells.
AB  - The effect of intracellular injection of La3+ and Mn2+ on the electrical coupling
      of canine Purkinje cells investigated. It was found that La3+ causes cell
      decoupling in about 100 sec, increased the input resistance of the injected cell
      too. Mn2+ injection reduced drastically the coupling coefficient but did not
      abolish cell communication. Intracellular injection of La3+ or Mn2+ also caused
      shortening of the action potential and hyperpolarized the the heart cells. La3+
      seems to be as effective as Ca or even stronger than Ca in suppressing
      intercellular communication in heart fibres.

PMID- 378427
TI  - Size of poly (A) +-mRNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae polysomes.
AB  - The size of poly (A) +-mRNA in different classes of yeast polysomes is estimated.
      The average molecular weight of long-term labelled polysomal poly (A) +-mRNA is
      about 0,65 x 10(6) daltons. Approximately 60% of the poly (A) +-mRNA
      polynucleotide chains located at the 5' end, are unprotected by ribosomes and
      degraded by nucleases upon incubation of cell lysates, to yield a population of
      poly (A) +-mRNA with an average molecular weight of 0,25 x 10(6) daltons.

PMID- 378429
TI  - [Enzyme immunoassay--a method of the future].

PMID- 378428
TI  - [The age of Charles IV and Czech pharmacy].

PMID- 378430
TI  - [J.A. Rayman, pharmacist and physician of Presov].

PMID- 378431
TI  - [Czech translation of Antidotarium Nicolai].

PMID- 378432
TI  - [The 50th anniversary of Assistant Professor J. Maly].

PMID- 378433
TI  - [Attempt at the use of the LAI test as an immunodiagnostic test in precanceroses
      of the cervix uteri and study on the frequency of nucleic acids].

PMID- 378434
TI  - [The 80th anniversary of Professor Svetozar Stefanik].

PMID- 378435
TI  - [The 60th anniversary of J. Repist'ak, M.D].

PMID- 378436
TI  - [The 50th anniversary of Assistant Professor Antonin Dolezal].

PMID- 378437
TI  - [The constrasting of electron microscopy specimen using uranyl acetate and lead
      citrate].

PMID- 378438
TI  - [30 years of the Czech Medical Society J.Ev. Purkyne].

PMID- 378439
TI  - [The 70th anniversary of Academician Josef Cernacek].

PMID- 378441
TI  - [The 50th anniversary of Chief Physician Svatopluk Kase].

PMID- 378440
TI  - [In memoriam Assistant Professor Jan Trebula, C.Sc].

PMID- 378442
TI  - [Significance of magnesium in pediatrics].

PMID- 378443
TI  - [The 65th anniversary of Professor Jiri Lukes].

PMID- 378444
TI  - [The history of Czech social medicine. 3. From welfare attempts to scientific
      activity].

PMID- 378445
TI  - [The history of Czech social medicine. 4. Theory and practice of socialist health
      care].

PMID- 378446
TI  - Effects in bacterial systems of Pt(II) complexes with antitumour activity.
AB  - A series of alicyclic amine complexes of the cis-Pt(am)2Cl2 type, showed specific
      antitumour activity against various animal tumours. We have tested these
      compounds in a number of bacterial systems indicative of their interaction with
      bacterial DNA.

PMID- 378447
TI  - Mutagenicity of methyl-, ethyl-, propyl- and butylnitrosourea towards Escherichia
      coli WP2 strains with varying DNA repair capabilities.
AB  - Methyl- (MNUA), ethyl- (ENUA), propyl- (PNUA) and butylnitrosourea (BNUA) have
      been tested for toxicity and mutation in a liquid suspension assay towards
      Escherichia coli WP2 and some of its repair deficient derivatives. A comparison
      of survival rates after nitrosourea exposure between WP2 and WP2 uvrA showed no
      difference between the two strains but a consistent difference in potency between
      the various nitrosoureas studied. Toxicity increased in the order MNUA less than
      PNUA less than ENUA less than BNUA. ENUA and PNUA induced a greater number of
      trp+ revertants in both strains than did MNUA and BNUA, particularly at low
      survival rates. None of these differences in biological potency could be
      accounted for by differences in rates of hydrolysis. ENUA, PNUA and BNUA were non
      mutagenic towards WP2 lexA, WP2 recA and WP2 uvrA lexA, whereas MNUA did induce
      mutations. Ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) was able to mutate WP2 lexA. These
      results are discussed in the light of current theories regarding the mechanism of
      action of these compounds.

PMID- 378449
TI  - Differences between Welsh and Canadian children on parts of the test of motor
      impairment.
AB  - Four subtests, which measured hand function, were taken from the Test of Motor
      Impairment and given to 53 10-year-old children of normal intelligence. The
      results showed a wide variation in achievement with one test at a very
      inappropriate level of difficulty. Girls were consistently faster than boys,
      achieving a result which was statistically significant in one instance. It is
      suggested that this test requires restandardization for use among British
      populations. The provision of separate norms for the sexes would improve the
      disciminatory value of this instrument.

PMID- 378448
TI  - An analysis of predictor variables for adjuvant treatment of breast cancer.

PMID- 378451
TI  - Cerebral metabolism during endotoxin shock in the dog.

PMID- 378450
TI  - Intrarenal blood flow distribution during endotoxemia in dogs.
AB  - Intrarenal blood flow distribution during the stages of endotoxemia in the dog
      was studied using radioactive inert gas washout. Intrarenal blood flow
      distribution was determined: a) at control, b) 0.5 hours following injection of a
      lethal dose (3 mg/kg) of E coli endotoxin, and c) 2.5 hours following endotoxin
      injection in control dogs and dogs pretreated with 4 mg/kg of phenoxybenzamine.
      One-half hour following endotoxin injection, components I and II of the inert gas
      washout curve fused. Presumably this fusion occurred because component I flow
      decreased to a level indistinguishable from that of component II. Following 2.5
      hours of endotoxemia, components I and II were both present. Pretreatment with
      phenoxybenzamine completely prevented the fusion of components I and II, although
      the mean arterial blood pressure was substantially lower than in dogs not
      pretreated with phenoxybenzamine. After 2.5 hours of endotoxemia, four of the
      five phenoxybenzamine pretreated dogs still had two clearly defined washout
      components. It  is concluded that the renal cortical vascular response in
      endotoxemia is similar to that reported following hemorrhage and that the alpha
      adrenergic nervous system plays a major role in decreasing renal cortical blood
      flow.

PMID- 378452
TI  - Beneficial effects of methylprednisolone in patients on cardiopulmonary bypass.
AB  - Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) was given to 50% of patients
      undergoing coronary artery bypass graft in a 50-patient double-blind clinical
      study to ascertain the beneficial effects of this glucocorticoid in decreasing
      ischemic injury to the heart. MPSS (1 gm) was given intravenously at the start of
      cardiopulmonary bypass and another gram was given during the course of the open
      heart procedure. Steroid-treated patients demonstrated a favorable response
      compared to placebo-treated controls in a variety of physiologic variables:
      Bypass graft flow rates measured prior to operative closure were 51-62% greater;
      urine output in the first 24 postoperative hours was 67% higher; fewer
      abnormalities were found in both chest x-ray and microbiology results. Thus,
      methylprednisolone sodium succinate treated patients exhibited more favorable
      trends for all critical variables measured.

PMID- 378453
TI  - Increased insulin responsiveness in endotoxicosis.
AB  - The relation of endotoxicosis to insulin responsiveness was evaluated in male
      Holtzman rats. Salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide at 0.5 or 1.0 mg per 300
      g rat increased lethality in convulsive seizure deaths to 0.25, 0.50, or 1.0 U
      insulin sc. The hypoglycemic nadir induced by 0.05, 0.10, or 0.25 U of insulin sc
      was greater in rats rendered endotoxic with 1 mg of lipopolysaccharide IV.
      Oxidation of U-14C-D-glucose to 14 CO2 by endotoxic tissues in vitro was
      augmented in liver slices, epididymal fat pads, hemidiaphragms, and spleen
      slices; no pronounced glucose oxidation increases occurred in lung, heart,
      stomach, cerebrum, kidney, or whole blood. Epididymal fat pads from endotoxic
      rats (100 g) manifested increased basal glucose oxidation as well as an enhanced
      maximal response to incremental insulin doses of 0.01 to 25 mU/ml. It is
      suggested that altered tissue responsiveness in concert with hyperinsulinemia
      underlie the profound alterations in glucose homeostasis during endotoxicosis.

PMID- 378455
TI  - Microvascular plasma velocity and indicator dispersion with hemorrhage.
AB  - The effects of stepwise hemorrhages on plasma flow velocity and indicator (FITC
      Dextran) dispersion in series and parallel coupled microvascular vessels has been
      studied. The mesentery of cats (0.6 kg) anesthetized with Dial-Urethane was
      exposed and studied with a microscope equipped for fluorescense microscopy.
      Indicator was injected as a bolus (0.1 ml in 0.5 seconds) in a small branch of
      the mesenteric artery. Indicator curves were recorded from a video tape recording
      of the passage of the indicator by a video sampler with intensity sensitive
      windows. The mean transit time (t), appearance time (t(a)), peak time (t(p)),
      curve duration (t(E)), plasma velocity and vessel diameter changes were
      determined. Arterioles 68 +/- 8 micron and 35 +/- 3 micron and venules 55 +/- 6
      micron constricted gradually with hemorrhage. Arterioles 20 +/- 2 micron
      constricted with mild hemorrhage and remained constricted with further
      hemorrhage. Arteriolar and venular plasma velocities decreased abruptly with mild
      hemorrhage and then continued to decrease gradually with further hemorrhage.
      Capillary flow ceased after moderate hemorrhage and was not reestablished until
      at least an hour after reinfusion. Arteriole t increased with hemorrhage but t
      increased much more in capillaries and venules. t(E) changes paralled t changes.
      The ratio t(a)/t was lower for venules than arterioles and both decreased with
      hemorrhage but the venular ratio decreased significantly more. Venular t(p)-t(a)
      and t(E)-t(p) increased more than arteriolar values. Hemorrhage increased
      indicator dispersion with the greatest effect occurring between the arteriolar
      and venular vessels.

PMID- 378454
TI  - Pulmonary vascular response to endotoxin in normal and lymphocyte depleted sheep.
AB  - The cardiopulmonary effects of intravenously administered Escherichia coli
      endotoxin were studied in unanesthetized sheep. One group of animals was depleted
      of circulating T-lymphocytes while a non-depleted group served as control. T
      lymphocyte depletion was accomplished by chronic thoracic duct drainage of lymph,
      removal of lymphocytes by continuous flow centrifugation and return of the cell
      free lymph intravenously. The T-lymphocyte depleted sheep demonstrated markedly
      obtunded increases in pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular
      resistance following endotoxin when compared to the effects of the
      lipopolysaccharide in control animals. additionally, the lymphocyte depleted
      group showed a significant augmentation of myocardial contractility which
      occurred at the same time as marked systemic hypotension. This period of extreme
      hypotension following endotoxin is presumed to be accompanied by a reflex
      increase in the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. The control sheep,
      although equally hypotensive at this time, did not demonstrate a significant
      increase in myocardial contractility from the preendotoxin value. The results of
      these experiments indicate that T-lymphocytes may mediate some of the
      pathophysiological effects of bacterial endotoxin on the cardiovascular system.

PMID- 378456
TI  - Concise review: subcellular function in the acutely failing myocardium.

PMID- 378457
TI  - Second-degree atrioventricular block.
AB  - 1) While it is possible only one type of second-degree AV block exists
      electrophysiologically, the available data do not justify such a conclusion and
      it would seem more appropriate to remain a "splitter," and advocate separation
      and definition of multiple mechanisms, than to be a "lumper," and embrace a
      unitary concept. 2) The clinical classification of type I and type II AV block,
      based on present scalar electrocardiographic criteria, for the most part
      accurately differentiates clinically important categories of patients. Such a
      classification is descriptive, but serves a useful function and should be
      preserved, taking into account the caveats mentioned above. The site of block
      generally determines the clinical course for the patient. For most examples of AV
      block, the type I and type II classification in present use is based on the site
      of block. Because block in the His-Purkinje system is preceded by small or
      nonmeasurable increments, it is called type II AV block; but the very fact that
      it is preceded by small increments is because it occurs in the His-Purkinje
      system. Similar logic can be applied to type I AV block in the AV node.
      Exceptions do occur. If the site of AV block cannot be distinguished with
      certainity from the scalar ECG, an electrophysiologic study will generally reveal
      the answer.

PMID- 378458
TI  - Occurrence of circulating heart-reactive antibodies in a population of cardiac
      transplant recipients. Correlation with cardiac rejection and subsequent course.

PMID- 378459
TI  - Pancreas cancer (non-endocrine): a review--part II.

PMID- 378460
TI  - Analysis for diazepam and nordiazepam by electron-capture gas chromatography and
      by liquid chromatography.
AB  - We describe the use of electron-capture gas chromatography or reversed-phase
      "high-performance" liquid chromatography for concurrent analysis for diazepam and
      nordiazepam in serum. In the gas-chromatographic analysis our use of a new
      chemically deactivated stationary liquid phase, SP 2250-DB (Supelco, Inc.),
      resulted in improved chromatographic sensitivity and peak symmetry for the two
      benzodiazepines as compared to that obtained with either OV-17or OV-1 phases.
      Steady-state concentrations of diazepam and nordiazepam in serum as determined by
      gas-liquid chromatography correlated closely with those found by liquid-liquid
      chromatography.

PMID- 378461
TI  - Gas-chromatographic analysis for valproic acid as phenacyl esters.
AB  - We describe a novel isothermal gas-chromatographic procedure for measuring
      valproic acid. Plasma, with cyclohexanecarboxylic acid added as internal
      standard, is selectively extracted with pentane to minimize the extraction of
      other acidic drugs. To convert carboxylic acids to their phenacyl esters, alpha
      bromoacetophenone is added to the organic extract before evaporating the solvent.
      These esters are relatively less volatile than the acids themselves and the
      extracting solvent can be removed without any loss of valproic acid or internal
      standard. The phenacyl esters, when chromatographed on 3% OV-17, produce sharp,
      well-shaped peaks and show high response for the flame ionization detector.
      Valproic acid is well separated from the internal standard, from reagents and
      plasma constituents, and from some commonly prescribed drugs that we examined.
      When alpha-bromo-p-nitroacetophenone is sued as the derivatizing agent, the
      resulting nitrophenacyl esters can be analyzed with use of a nitrogen-specific
      detector.

PMID- 378463
TI  - Computers as a complement to diagnosticians.

PMID- 378462
TI  - S. I. units: another view.

PMID- 378464
TI  - Determination of aminoglycoside antibiotics in biological fluids: a review.
AB  - We describe current procedures for measuring aminoglycoside antibiotics. Although
      many of these techniques are suitable for clinical adaptation, selection of a
      method for use in a clinical laboratory will depend on the budget and
      availability of equipment and expertise.

PMID- 378465
TI  - Solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for serum ferritin.
AB  - We describe a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for ferritin in human serum, with
      use of a horseradish peroxidase-labeled antibody and a highly sensitive
      chromogen, 2,2'-azino-di(3-ethyl-benzthiazoline-6-sulfonate). The assay requires
      only 10 microL of serum per assay, relatively less time and labor than other
      assys for ferritin, and as little as 10 pg of ferritin can be measured. We
      believe this assay offers a reliable alternative to radioimmunoassay for serum
      ferritin.

PMID- 378466
TI  - Evaluation of homogeneous enzyme immunoassay of serum thyroxine with the Gilford
      3500 analyzer.
AB  - I evaluated homogeneous enzyme immunoassay (EMIT) of serum thyroxine with the
      Gilford 3500 analyzer. The samples are pretreated before quantitation on the
      Gilford 3500; the procedure thereafter is entirely mechanized. Forty-four samples
      may be analyzed per run. Precision and accuracy are good, and results correlate
      well with those by radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 378467
TI  - Homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for thyroxine compared with a radioimmunoassay
      technique.
AB  - A homogeneous enzyme immunoassay (EMIT) for serum thyroxine determination has
      been evaluated. It was also compared to our routine method, a radioimmunoassay
      with use of a commercial kit, Tetra-Tab RIA. Within-day precision was very
      similar for the two methods, the CV ranging from about 2.5% at 150 nmol of
      thyroxine per liter to about 5.7% at 25 nmol/L. The two methods were compared by
      running 100 patients' serum samples. The resulting linear regression equation
      was: y = 1.088x - 17.9, with a correlation coefficient r = 0.979. The deviation
      from the theoretical line, y = x, wash shown to be primarily caused by the
      calibration of the methods, shown by running the EMIT calibrators in the
      radioimmunoassay method and vice versa. The choice of thyroxine method in the
      individual laboratory will then depend on considerations other than
      methodological factors.

PMID- 378468
TI  - Determination of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol in urine by gas chromatography
      with a flame ionization detector: a new rapid method.
AB  - 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol, a major metabolite of noradrenaline in rat
      brain, is estimated alone or with 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethyleneglycol in rat
      and human urine by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The
      samples are hydrolyzed and extracted at pH 2 with ethyl acetate. Then, to analyze
      only 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol the reaction with n-butaneboronic acid is
      carried out directly; if 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethyleneglycol also has to be
      estimated, preliminary acetylation in alkaline aqueous solution is performed. The
      advantages of the specificity due to the reagents used is discussed.

PMID- 378469
TI  - The pituitary-gonadal response to the gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogue D
      Ser (TBU)6-Des Gly10-LHRH-ethylamide in normal men.
AB  - We have studied the dose-response characteristics of the LHRH analogue D-Ser
      (TBU)6-Des Gly10-LHRH-ethylamide administered subcutaneously to five normal male
      volunteers. The relative potency of the analogue is about sixty times (FSH) and
      forty times (LH) that of the parent peptide and the increased potency and
      duration of action of the analogue lead to enhanced biological effect in terms of
      testosterone release. The prolonged duration of action of the analogue suggests
      that a single daily dosage regime could be used although further chronic studies
      with this potent analogue should be undertaken in normal volunteers to determine
      optimum dosage schedules.

PMID- 378470
TI  - [Fundamental studies on quantitative measurement of serum insulin by enzyme
      linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (author's transl)].

PMID- 378471
TI  - [Blood insulin measurement with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (1)-
      examination of a fixed quantity and exactitude-- (author's transl)].

PMID- 378472
TI  - [Biological activities of somatostatin analogs (author's transl)].

PMID- 378473
TI  - [Enzyme immunoassay of insulin--compared with radio immunoassay (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 378476
TI  - Mr. Percy Winston.

PMID- 378475
TI  - Meniere's disorder.

PMID- 378474
TI  - Meniere's disease: lithium treatment (demonstration of placebo effect in a
      doubleblind cross-over trial).

PMID- 378478
TI  - Brian O'Brien.

PMID- 378477
TI  - W. Stirk Adams, MB, ChB, FRCS, LRCP.

PMID- 378479
TI  - The role of circulating immune complexes in the glomerular disease of
      experimental hepatosplenic schistosomiasis.
AB  - The serological and renal changes were studied simultaneously in 115 mice
      infected with Schistosoma mansoni. IgG and IgM, but not IgA anti-S. mansoni
      antibodies were detected in the sera, together with circulating immune complexes
      containing schistosomal antigen. Glomerular mesangial deposits of IgA, IgM and C3
      were observed. Despite the strong correlation observed between the occurrence of
      the circulating immune complexes containing schistosomal antigen and the
      glomerular deposits, results concerning the behaviour of IgA suggest that portal
      hypertension and liver damage have a role in the pathogenesis of glomerular
      lesions.

PMID- 378480
TI  - The interaction of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody deposition with
      immune elimination of bovine serum albumin in the rabbit.
AB  - We studied the interaction of two different forms of immune glomerular damage
      occurring simultaneously: anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antibody
      fixation and immune elimination of bovine serum albumin (BSA). 125I-radiolabelled
      BSA anti-BSA immune complexes, formed in response to a single small intravenous
      dose (150 mg/kg) of 125I BSA, did not cause proteinuria in control animals within
      15 days, despite evidence of immune elimination of the antigen. Similarly, a
      small dose of nephrotoxic globulin (NTG)(3.0 mg/kg) did not cause immediate
      proteinuria in controls. Test animals received the BSA injection followed by the
      NTG injection 5, 7 or 9 days later. In this way, antibody fixed to glomerular
      basement membrane antigens at various times after BSA anti-BSA complexes first
      appeared in the circulation. Animals were killed on day 15. Fifteen of the
      eighteen test animals developed moderate to severe clinical nephritis. The onset
      of the nephritis coincided with BSA elimination irrespective of when the NTG was
      given. Greatly increased amounts of nonlinear immunofluorescent deposits were
      demonstrated in the glomeruli of test animals. We concluded that there was a
      marked synergistic effect between two forms of immune glomerular damage (i.e.
      that mediated by anti-GBM antibody and immune complexes), which appeared to be
      due to the increased deposition of complex material in the presence of active
      fixation of anti-GBM antibody. The relevance of this finding to human
      glomerulonephritis is discussed.

PMID- 378482
TI  - Pregnancy-induced involution of the thymus can be prevented by immunizing with
      paternal skin grafts: a strain-dependent effect.
AB  - C57Bl female mice immunized and then mated to CBA males do not show the normal
      pregnancy-dependent involution of the thymus. In the reciprocal mating
      combination thymic involution is normal.

PMID- 378481
TI  - Antibody penetration into living cells. I. Intranuclear immunoglobulin in
      peripheral blood mononuclear cells in mixed connective tissue disease and
      systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - We have shown recently (Alarcon-Segovia, Ruiz-Arguelles & Fishbein, 1978) that an
      IgG anti-RNP antibody obtained from a patient with mixed connective tissue
      disease (MCTD) can penetrate viable mononuclear cells (MNC) from normal donors
      via their Fc receptors. Live MNC from twelve MCTD patients incubated with goat
      anti-Ig antibody had intranuclear antibody with a speckled pattern in a mean of
      5.5% of all MNC and 57.3% of all Fc receptor-bearing MNC. We found intranuclear
      immunoglobulins in all twelve patients with MCTD which were present only in cells
      with Fc receptors. Only three out of twenty-one patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE) were found to have intranuclear antibody in a mean of 17.2%
      of their Fc receptor-bearing cells. Further experiments with MNC from SLE
      patients revealed a partial blocking of penetration of antibody via Fc receptors.
      MNC from ten scleroderma, ten rheumatoid arthritis patients and eleven normal
      controls did not have intranuclear immunoglobulin. In vivo penetration of
      autoantibodies into Fc receptor-bearing cells in MCTD, and probably in SLE as
      well, may represent an important pathogenetic mechanism.

PMID- 378483
TI  - A human monocyte function test: release of B-cell differentiation factor (BDF).

PMID- 378485
TI  - Serum-migration inhibitory activity in patients with sarcoidosis.

PMID- 378484
TI  - Antibodies to Candida albicans and steroid hormones during late pregnancy and in
      the umbilical circulation.

PMID- 378486
TI  - The use of the natural binding of bacteria for the identification of human T- and
      B-lymphocyte subpopulations in blood smears.

PMID- 378487
TI  - An anti-human T-lymphocyte antiserum: in situ identification of T cells in the
      skin of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, chronic photosensitivity
      dermatitis, and mycosis fungoides.

PMID- 378488
TI  - Hemoperfusion results in uremia.

PMID- 378490
TI  - Review of gastrointestinal perfusion in the treatment of uremia.

PMID- 378489
TI  - Assessments of clinical trials of charcoal hemoperfusion in uremic patients.

PMID- 378491
TI  - The pathogenetic role of Staphylococcus aureus in primary human
      glomerulonephritis.
AB  - Antibody levels to a cell product of Staphylococcus aureus, antistaphylolysin
      antibody (AStaL), were determined in the sera of 185 patients with various renal
      diseases using the hemolysis inhibition test. Detection of Staphylococcus aureus
      antigen in renal biopsy specimens was performed by the immunofluorescent
      technique. Elevated AStaL values were observed in eleven patients. In four of
      them, Staphylococcus aureus antigen was clearly detected in the glomerular
      mesangial area associated with deposits of immunoglobulins and complement. Most
      of these patients showed marked elevation of AStaL values with low serum
      complement levels and had diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. These results
      suggest that Staphylococcus aureus may act as a specific antigen and play an
      important role in the pathogenesis of primary human glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 378492
TI  - Late hypertension following renal allotransplantation.
AB  - Post-transplant hypertension has been observed in 98 renal allograft recipients
      who had good renal function and whose follow-up was more than 15 months. The role
      of the original diseased kidneys as well as the role of the renal pressor system
      was studied with emphasis on late hypertension. Post-transplant hypertension was
      found to be a multifactorial phenomenon with frequency decreasing as a function
      of prolonged graft survival. Renal artery stenosis was an infrequent but
      significant cause of hypertension and was found in 10 of 29 arteriograms
      performed. Renin studies performed in 34 hypertensive patients and in a control
      group of 11 recipients showed that elevation of plasma renin activity and of
      plasma aldosterone level is frequent but difficult to interpret, particularly
      when a renal artery stenosis is observed. These investigations may be useful in
      recognizing the role of retained diseased kidneys in sustaining hypertension.
      Plasma aldosterone was found elevated in nearly all of the patients. The role of
      corticosteroids and the similarity of post-transplant hypertension, in some
      cases, with the one kidney model of experimental hypertension are discussed.

PMID- 378493
TI  - Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type 1: comparison of natural history in
      children and adults.
AB  - Clinical, laboratory and pathological data on 46 patients (29 children and 17
      adult) with Type 1 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) were reviewed
      in order to compare the natural history of the disease in two age groups. The
      nephrotic syndrome was the most common presenting clinical feature in both age
      groups. Established renal failure at time of biopsy was seen in adult males only.
      All the adults males, but none of the women, were either dead or in renal failure
      after a mean duration of diseases of 17.7 months. In contrast 43% of the children
      (both sexes) were in renal failure after a mean duration of disease of 51.6
      months. Statistical analysis disclosed that only up to 48 months was there a
      significant difference in survival between the two age groups (P less than .01).
      Beyond this time the difference was not statistically significant. The difference
      in behaviour of MPGN in the two age groups is similar to that observed in other
      glomerulonephropathies.

PMID- 378494
TI  - The role of plasmapheresis in renal transplantation.
AB  - Plasmapheresis has been studied in ten patients who received cadaveric renal
      allografts. In six patients (group A), plasma was carried out on the first post
      operative day and then on alternate days until six treatments had been completed.
      No beneficial effect was observed but treatment was well tolerated and there were
      no complications. One patient retains a functioning graft. Plasma exchange was
      carried out on six consecutive days in five patients (group B) who were actively
      rejecting their grafts and in whom conventional methods of treatment had failed.
      All five patients showed improvement in graft function. Rejection was reversed in
      four patients and was contained in one patient. Subsequently rapid recrudescence
      of graft rejection occurred in one patient, extended graft survival was seen in
      two patients, and the other two patients have retained life supporting grafts.
      Plasmapheresis may have a part to play in the treatment of renal allograft
      rejection and further evaluation of this treatment is indicated.

PMID- 378495
TI  - Aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity: pathogenesis and prevention.
AB  - Nephrotoxicity resulting from aminoglycoside antibiotics is a serious clinical
      problem and the incidence is probably increasing. The mechanism of renal toxicity
      is unclear but these agents affect several nephron functions including glomerular
      filtration, proximal tubular reabsorption, and urinary concentration. The degree
      of toxicity appears to correlate with the level of renal tissue concentration of
      aminoglycoside. Clinical nephrotoxicity is most likely to occur in the presence
      of volume depletion, advancing age, preexisting renal dysfunction and exposure to
      other nephrotoxins. Despite the use of dosing nomograms, nephrotoxicity still
      occurs in some patients and the decline in renal function may only become
      apparent after completion of the antibiotic course. Subclinical nephrotoxic
      effects from aminoglycosides probably occur in all patients treated with these
      agents and only the most severely affected have clinically apparent
      nephrotoxicity.

PMID- 378496
TI  - Cartilage cell differentiation: review.
AB  - Differentiation of cartilage cells from embryonic precursor cells is
      characterized by the onset of biosynthesis of at least two cartilage-specific
      gene products, type II collagen and cartilage-specific chondroitin sulfate
      proteoglycan (CSPG). Biochemical and immunological assays for these compounds now
      allow rapid, quantitative, and specific determination of the onset of cartilage
      differentiation, and present several advantages over assays that use
      histochemical stains or [35S]-sulfate incorporation into glycosaminoglycans.
      Chondrogenic differentiation also is associated with the formation of
      extracellular, high MW proteoglycan (CSPG) aggregates containing hyaluronic acid
      and the loss of fibronectin, or LETS protein, a cell surface glycoprotein found
      on presumptive chondroblasts, fibroblasts, and several other cell types.
      Comparatively little insight has been gained recently regarding the mechanism of
      cartilage cell differentiation. A number of factors or "inducers" of cartilage
      differentiation, such as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, notochord, spinal
      cord, low oxygen tension, and collagen substrates, increase the amount of
      glycosaminoglycan synthesis per cell, but the question remains open as to whether
      these factors also selectively increase the number of cells differentiating from
      precursor cells into chondroblasts, or whether they only increase cell viability.
      Other factors, such as conditioned medium from chondrocyte cultures, increase
      significantly the number of chondrocyte colonies arising in mass cultures of limb
      bud mesenchyme, but differentiation of nonchondrogenic cells is stimulated as
      well. Similarly, many inhibitors of cartilage differentiation, such as BrdUrd and
      6-amino nicotinamide, also inhibit myogenic differentiation. It is possible that
      a unique and specific inducer or regulating factor of cartilage cell
      differentiation may not exist, for cartilage differentiation of normal embryonic
      mesenchyme can be triggered by a variety of environmental conditions, such as
      cell density, pH, potassium ion concentration, and fetal calf serum. These
      results imply that the temporal and spatial controls of cartilage differentiation
      are governed by environmental influences that are each of rather low specificity,
      but which together synergistically generate a morphogenetic control of high
      specificity. Signals which appear able to mimic those controlling normal
      cartilage differentiation seem to be exchanged during formation of ectopic
      cartilage. Muscle tissue and periosteum can be triggered to form cartilage by
      demineralized bone matrix. Chick limb bud epithelium induces type II collagen
      synthesis in embryonic mouse tooth germ, whereas homologous, oral epithelium
      induces the formation of dentin (type I collagen). Thus, the type of response
      elicited from mesenchyme cells can be determined by nearby epithelia, and that
      response frequently can be the formation of cartilage.

PMID- 378497
TI  - The Classic Source Book of Orthopaedics: primitive man and ancient practice Edgar
      M. Bick.

PMID- 378498
TI  - Acute dislocation of the patella in children. The natural history.
AB  - On the basis of a survey of 55 cases, we can predict that one child in 6 with
      acute dislocation of the patella will develop recurrent dislocation. Two in 6
      children have minor symptoms and the remainder are asymptomatic. The majority of
      patients show the radiological signs of patellofemoral dysplasia.

PMID- 378499
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of prednisone and prednisolone.

PMID- 378500
TI  - Dosage adjustment from simple nortriptyline spot level predictor tests in
      depressed patients.
AB  - 20 routine patients with endogenous depression were investigated in a kinetic and
      4 week treatment study. Steady-state plasma nortriptyline concentrations above
      200 microgram/L were associated with a highly significant poorer therapeutic
      outcome. The correlations between the 24, 48 and 72 hour concentrations and
      steady-state concentration were very good (r = 0.81, 0.97, 0.94; p less than
      0.0001) and better than the correlation between half-life and steady-state (r =
      0.65; p less than 0.01). The Spearman rank correlations (Rs) between amelioration
      of depression measured by the Hamilton Rating Scale (HRS) and the 24, 48 and 72
      hour concentrations were highly significant (Rs = 0.74, 0.79, 0.79; p less than
      0.001) but for half-life (Rs = 0.33) the correlation was not significant. The
      single 48 hour plasma nortriptyline concentration following a single oral dose is
      recommended as a reliable simplified monitoring test suitable for a busy clinic.
      The test is useful for dosage adjustment to maximise antidepressant action and
      minimise toxicity. A tentative dosage adjustment schedule for individualising
      antidepressant treatment with nortriptyline based on the 48 hour or the 24 hour
      plasma concentration is proposed.

PMID- 378501
TI  - Concentration dependent plasma protein binding of salicylate in rheumatoid
      patients.
AB  - Acetylsalicylic acid in daily doses from 3 to 6g was prescribed to 8 patients
      with rheumatoid arthritis. Various assessments of clinical effect, as well as
      steady-state plasma concentrations and degree of plasma protein binding, were
      determined at each dose. The unbound fraction of salicylate increased with the
      dose, resulting in very high free concentrations of drug in some patients. No
      statistically significant relationship between total or unbound plasma
      concentration and the measurements of clinical efficacy were obtained. The marked
      increase with the dose in unbound salicylate concentration is interpreted as the
      result of the saturable elimination known to occur for this drug.

PMID- 378502
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of propranolol.
AB  - Propranolol is completely absorbed after oral administration and widely
      distributed throughout tissues. Elimination occurs almost wholly by metabolic
      transformation in the liver and excretion of the resultant products in the urine.
      An active metabolite, 4-hydroxypropranolol and possibly other active compounds
      have been identified; the former only after oral administration. After
      intravenous administration, hepatic extraction is so efficient that drug
      clearance is dependent on liver blood flow. After oral administration,
      propranolol kinetics depend on both dose and duration of therapy, but hepatic
      extraction remains relatively high and leads in presystemic ('first-pass')
      elimination and low systemic availability. During continued administration,
      plasma concentrations vary quite widely due to genetic differences superimposed
      on which are certain constitutional factors, such as age, and environmental
      factors such as smoking, other drugs, and perhaps diet. Hepatic, renal, thyroid
      and some gastrointestinal diseases as well as hypertension, malnutrition and
      hypothermia may be associated with alterations in propranolol disposition, all of
      which are consistent with the pathophysiology of these diseases.

PMID- 378503
TI  - Bioavailability of phenytoin: clinical pharmacokinetic and therapeutic
      implications.
AB  - Phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin) is still the most commonly used anticonvulsant
      drug. It has certain physicochemical characteristics which make it liable to
      bioavailability problems. Due to the dose dependent metabolism of phenytoin and
      to its narrow therapeutic range even small changes in the bioavailability can
      cause major changes in serum phenytoin concentration and have serious clinical
      consequences. Numerous studies have demonstrated that there are products in
      general use with considerable differences in their bioavailiability. If the
      epilepsy is well controlled, a change from one phenytoin product to another
      should be avoided. Such a change might lead to phenytoin intoxication or to poor
      control of epilepsy, if the products do not have the same bioavailability. There
      seems to be no systematic difference in the bioavailability of phenytoin sodium
      and phenytoin acid, if products of high quality are used. On the other hand,
      various biopharmaceutical factors, e.g. particle size of phenytoin and the nature
      of excipients in the product, can have a marked effect on the oral absorption of
      phenytoin. Gastrointestinal diseases, the concomitant use of other drugs and
      dietary factors might also modify the bioavailability of phenytoin. The
      absorption of intramuscularly given phenytoin is rather slow and erratic. The
      existence of phenytoin products with different bioavailability is a serious
      practical problem which should be corrected as soon as possible.

PMID- 378504
TI  - Sodium valproate in the prophylaxis of simple febrile convulsions.
AB  - Thirty children with simple febrile convulsions were treated with sodium
      valproate following their second convulsion. Twenty-two of the 30 (73%) had no
      further convulsions during the one-year period of observation compared with 17 of
      28 in the control group (61%). This was not a statistically significant
      difference. Side effects attributed to sodium valproate treatment were noted in 7
      patients (23%), although 4 of these showed only mild transient gastrointestinal
      symptoms at high dosage. The study did not confirm any advantage in the use of
      sodium valproate as a prophylaxis for febrile convulsions, although compliance
      was good and significant side effects infrequent.

PMID- 378505
TI  - Management of the newborn with myelodysplasia.

PMID- 378506
TI  - Use of outcome predictors in severe myelodysplasia.

PMID- 378507
TI  - Infectious mononucleosis associated with fatal beta hemolytic streptococcal
      infection.

PMID- 378508
TI  - Hematologic perturbations associated with salicylate.
AB  - Interactions of salicylates with the hematopoietic system are reviewed.
      Development of anemia is discussed with respect to fluid retention,
      gastrointestinal bleeding, and hemolytic anemia. Alterations in polymorphonuclear
      leukocyte and platelet function are evaluated. Interactions with anticoagulants
      and with the coagulation system are identified.

PMID- 378510
TI  - Total body irradiation as a primary therapy in non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
AB  - Thirty-three patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma have been treated with total body
      irradiation (TBI). A very high remission rate is obtained in lymphocytic
      lymphomas (83%), but response in histiocytic lymphoma is extremely poor. Bone
      marrow study suggests that marrow depression following TBI is transient and
      complete recovery occurs provided the bone marrow is not already compromised by
      previous chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Extreme caution is required when TBI
      is repeated as this may lead to progressive marrow hypoplasia.

PMID- 378509
TI  - Ticrynafen and probenecid in hyperuricemic, hypertensive men.
AB  - In a double-blind crossover study of ticrynafen (TCN) and probenecid (PBC), 9
      hypertensive, hyperuricemic men completed 12-wk courses of each drug. With a TCN
      dose of 125 mg daily, the fall in serum uric acid was prompt, dramatic, and
      lasting; it was equal to that after PBC, 500 or 1,000 mg daily. There was a small
      but significant early weight loss (diuresis) after TCN but no antihypertensive
      effect. Twelve days after resuming TCN for a proposed additional extension study
      1 patient suffered acute, reversible bilateral ureteral obstruction, probably
      caused by sudden urinary uric acid precipitation.

PMID- 378511
TI  - The torture or stretch arthritis syndrome (a modern counterpart of the medieval
      'manacles' and 'rack').
AB  - A characteristic symmetrical bilateral polyarthritis syndrome is described,
      affecting the compartements of the wrist joints in a characteristic sequence. The
      pisiform-triquetral joint gives first, exposing the inferior radioulnar joint so
      that pisiform pain and tenderness are followed by painful supination. The
      proximal radiocarpal joint slackens next, followed by the mid-carpal joints. The
      lunates subluxate as their posterior attachments stretch. Synovial oedema may
      produce additional median and ulnar carpal tunnel syndromes. The best radiologic
      sign of this distraction is anterior subluxation of the lunates. Nocturnal
      arthralgia becomes severe; grip and the ability to write are lost and stretching
      now shows as a traumatic arthritis in the clavicular joints. The patient is
      incapacitated and therfore progression halts. A history of excessive straining
      and lifting is obtained eg with a wheel-barrow, iron pots or strenuous rowing.
      All serologic tests for rheumatoid disease are negative. Serum uric acid levels
      and blood sedimentation rates remain normal. There are clear analogies with old
      descriptions of the effects of torture by stretching from manacles or gauntlets
      or by the rack.

PMID- 378512
TI  - [Controlled clinical trial of cycloxilic acid in the treatment of various liver
      diseases].

PMID- 378513
TI  - [Clinical efficacy of ketoprofen in rheumatology].

PMID- 378514
TI  - [Clinical experience with the use of diphenpyramide in rheumatology: controlled
      clinical study with indomethacin].

PMID- 378515
TI  - [Combined medical and surgical treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis of the
      lower limbs].

PMID- 378516
TI  - [Practical value of diagnosis "ex iuvantibus" with allergen extracts of house
      dust in early childhood asthma].

PMID- 378517
TI  - [Trithiozine in peptic ulcer. Controlled clinical study].

PMID- 378518
TI  - [Experience with a new aminoglucoside antibiotic in pediatric practice].

PMID- 378519
TI  - [Therapy of cough].

PMID- 378520
TI  - Current literature on medical toxicology.

PMID- 378521
TI  - Streptococcal pharyngitis.

PMID- 378522
TI  - Quantitative comparison of electrophoretic traces of bacterial proteins.

PMID- 378523
TI  - Psychopathology in heart disease aside from cardiac surgery: a historical
      perspective of cardiac psychosis.

PMID- 378524
TI  - Phototoxic polyacetylenes and their thiophene derivatives. (Effects on human
      skin).
AB  - Polyacetylenes and their thiophene derivatives were tested for their effects on
      human skin. Topically applied alpha-terthienyl evoked bi-phasic phototoxic
      dermatitis and the appearance of 'sunburn' cells in human epidermis. None of 11
      polyacetylenes had the same effect although they mimicked alpha-terthienyl in
      their phototoxic effects on Candida albicans and certain pathogenic
      microorganisms. The UV-mediated antibiotic activity of the compounds and their
      apparent lack of phototoxicity towards the skin suggest a potential topical
      therapeutic role for them in yeast, fungal and bacterial infections and light
      responsive dermatoses. Their topical sensitizing capacity, however, has not yet
      been studied.

PMID- 378525
TI  - Clinical neurophysiology of the vestibular system.

PMID- 378526
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the vestibular system.

PMID- 378527
TI  - Electronystagmography.

PMID- 378528
TI  - Clinical evaluation of hearing.

PMID- 378529
TI  - The peripheral vestibular system.

PMID- 378530
TI  - The central vestibular system.

PMID- 378531
TI  - Induction of ovulation in the pregnant rat with luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone (LRH).
AB  - Injection of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) induced ovulation in the
      pregnant rat on days 4 through 22. Only rats autopsied on days 2 and 3 failed to
      ovulate. Reduced responsiveness occurred between days 12 and 19; the least
      sensitive day was 16. Based on the number of ova recovered, day 21 was the most
      sensitive to LRH stimulation.

PMID- 378532
TI  - Reversal of the anti-implantational effect of luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone (LRH) by estradiol-17 beta and progesterone, alone and in sequence.
AB  - The use of estradiol-17 beta and progesterone, alone or in sequence, to reverse
      the anti-implantational effect of 100 and 500 micrograms LRH has been studied.
      Sequential administration of the steroids was most efficacious in reversing the
      effect of 100 micrograms while progesterone alone proved to be the only treatment
      inhibiting the effect of 500 micrograms LRH. A possible difference in mechanism
      of action of the two doses of LRH is discussed.

PMID- 378533
TI  - Viral membranes: model systems for studying biological membranes.

PMID- 378534
TI  - The role of metal ions in the mechanisms of DNA and RNA polymerases.

PMID- 378535
TI  - The crystal structures of metal complexes of nucleic acids and their
      constituents.

PMID- 378536
TI  - The Ah locus: genetic regulation of the metabolism of carcinogens, drugs, and
      other environmental chemicals by cytochrome P-450-mediated monooxygenases.

PMID- 378537
TI  - 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate: its role in health and disease.
AB  - 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) was first discovered and isolated in 1925.
      However, it was not until 1967 that the function of 2,3-DPG was explained. This
      resulted in multiple research projects devoted to elucidating the mechanism by
      which 2,3-DPG exerts it effect on the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. In addition,
      a vast amount of research has been devoted to assessing the role of 2,3-DPG in
      oxygen transport in various physiological and pathophysiological states. In many
      instances, the results of this research have produced conflicting data which have
      dampened the initial enthusiasm which followed the discovery of the function of
      2,3-DPG. However, much of this conflicting data can be explained by the fact that
      2,3-DPG is only one of a number of factors influencing the transport of oxygen to
      the tissues. Several of these factors influence oxygen transport independently as
      well as by altering the synthesis of 2,3-DPG and modifying its effect on
      hemoglobin. In spite of the conflicting results, the overall data gathered thus
      far appears to be sound enough to warrant the extensive research now being done,
      particularly in the area of blood storage and transfusion therapy.

PMID- 378538
TI  - SI units.
AB  - The development of the International System of Units (Systeme International
      d'Unites--SE Units), based on seven fundamental quantities--length, mass, time,
      electric current, thermodynamic temperature, luminous intensity, and amount of
      substance is described. Units (coherent and noncoherent) for other measurable
      quantities that are derived from the seven basic quantities are reviewed. The
      rationale for the use of SE units in medicine, primarily as applied to clinical
      laboratory data, is discussed, and arguments are presented for the rigid adoption
      of SI units in medicine and for exceptions. Tables are given for the basic and
      derived SI units used in medicine and for conversion factors from the quantities
      and units in current use to those in SI units.

PMID- 378539
TI  - Serum ferritin.
AB  - (1) Brief introduction to iron metabolism and the biochemistry of ferritin. (2)
      Early studies of circulating ferritin. (3) Methods for measuring serum ferritin
      concentrations -- immunoradiometric, radioimmuno- and enzyme-linked immuno assays
      based on liver or spleen ferritin -- an evaluation of these techniques. (4) Serum
      ferritin concentrations in normal subjects -- definition of normality --
      relationship between storage iron and serum ferritin concentrations -- changes
      during development from birth to old age -- iron deficiency -- variability of
      serum ferritin concentration -- evaluation of use of ferritin assay for
      assessment of storage iron levels. (5) Serum ferritin concentrations in disease -
      hemochromatosis -- secondary iron overload -- liver damage -- infection and
      chronic disease -- cancer. (6) Assay of serum ferritin with antibodies to
      ferritins other than liver or spleen -- ferritinemia and cancer. (7) Properties
      of serum ferritin -- molecular weight -- iron content -- isoelectric focusing
      patterns -- carbohydrate content -- immunological properties. (8) Physiology of
      circulating ferritin -- release of ferritin from tissues -- origin of circulating
      ferritin -- clearance from the plasma -- iron and protein turnover. (9) Summary -
      factors influencing serum ferritin concentrations and clinical use of ferritin
      estimations.

PMID- 378540
TI  - The effect of short-term discontinuation of high-level PEEP in patients with
      acute respiratory failure.
AB  - PEEP is the most important therapeutic intervention in the management of acute
      respiratory failure. Transitory PEEP disconnection to perform clinically relevant
      maneuvers is often necessary, but its effect upon PaO2 and physiological shunt in
      patients requiring high-level PEEP is not clear from the literature. Nine adult
      patients in severe respiratory failure requiring high-level PEEP therapy were
      studied. The elimination of PEEP decreased the PaO2 and increased the
      physiological shunt. Maximum values were reached in about 4 min. Restoration of
      PEEP after 7.4 min in zero and end-expiratory pressure caused an increase in the
      PaO2 and decrease in the physiological shunt. Baseline values were restored in
      about 5 min. In 4 patients having endotracheal suction under hand ventilation
      with 100% oxygen, the continuous PaO2 recording showed an increase in PaO2 during
      the maneuver. Therefore, necessary manipulations can be accomplished without fear
      of negating the salutory effects gained by high-level PEEP therapy.

PMID- 378541
TI  - Use of the central venous pressure catheter to obtain blood cultures.
AB  - The results of aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures obtained from a peripheral
      venopuncture and from the central venous pressure catheter were compared in
      critically ill patients admitted to the ICU to determine if pain and anxiety from
      multiple venopunctures could be alleviated while the physician's task is
      facilitated. The results were identical in 93.5% of the 92 comparisons. The
      discrepancies were evaluated and it was concluded that the method was easy,
      quick, and reliable. We recommend it as a suitable alternative to venopuncture.

PMID- 378542
TI  - The inaccuracy of using 100% oxygen to determine intrapulmonary shunts in spite
      of PEEP.
AB  - The use of 100% oxygen to determine intrapulmonary shunting has been widely
      advocated. This study was performed to determine the clinical application of this
      technique in critically ill patients on PEEP. Determinations of intrapulmonary
      shunting using FIO2 of 0.45 and 1.0 were performed on 18 patients. Machine error
      was also calculated. Shunt calculations increased by an average of 52% (29%
      corrected for machine error) with the use of an FIO2 of 1.0 and returned to
      previous levels when an FIO2 of 0.45 was reinstituted. There was no statistical
      difference in shunt increase between patients on high (greater than or equal to
      15 cm H2O) or low (less than 15 cm H2O) PEEP. The use of 100% oxygen to calculate
      intrapulmonary shunting in patients on PEEP is misleading in both physiological
      and methodological terms.

PMID- 378543
TI  - Multisystem failure: a review with special reference to drowning.
AB  - Near-drowning represents an insult that can affect all organ systems. A common
      pathway for injury is hypoxemia, acidosis, and hypoperfusion. Pulmonary
      insufficiency and CNS dysfunction are major causes of morbidity and mortality.
      Variations in vascular volume, heart failure, renal failure, coagulation
      disorders, and electrolyte disturbances may also be present. Patients should be
      observed for multisystem failure and therapy tailored to the particular needs of
      each victim.

PMID- 378544
TI  - A simple technique for managing a bronchopleural fistula while maintaining
      positive pressure ventilation.
AB  - The development of a bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is an infrequent, but
      potentially devastating complication of positive pressure ventilation. A case
      report is detailed in which a BPF arose in a patient on controlled ventilation
      with a PEEP of 22 cm H2O. Within 12 hours, fistula flow was continuous and
      accounted for 75% of the delivered tidal volume. PEEP fell rapidly during
      expiration; oxygenation steadily deteriorated as the aAO2 fell 0.27 to 0.14.
      Conventional treatment methods were unsuccessful, and a system was constructed
      for adding controlled levels of positive pressure ot the pleural space on the
      side of the BPF. By decreasing the expiratory transpulmonary pressure difference
      (PEEP minus pleural pressure), the fistula leak was greatly decreased, and PEEP
      and oxygenation were stabilized. This system can be rapidly constructed at the
      bedside with equipment routinely available in most hospitals and offers the
      ability to adjust the expiratory transpulmonary pressure, lung volume, and BPF
      flow while maintaining positive pressure ventilation with PEEP.

PMID- 378545
TI  - Orange juice quality with an emphasis on flavor components.
AB  - This review studies the chemistry of the flavor of citrus juices with emphasis on
      the components of the flavor of orange juice and their origin in the different
      parts of the orange fruit. Citrus processing and the nature of the various
      products as they affect flavor are discussed. The composition of peel oil, aroma
      oil, orange juice, orange essence, and orange essence oil is presented. The
      relationship between flavor and color are discussed and the role of lipid
      components as they affect flavor stability and off-flavors are described.
      Spoilage resulting from microbes is briefly treated. The nutritional value of
      orange juice is cited.

PMID- 378547
TI  - Iron sources used in food fortification and their changes due to food processing.
AB  - The effect of food processing on the biological availability of iron in iron
      fortified foods is critically reviewed. Studies on changes in the chemistry of
      the iron in processed foods are examined. Various iron sources currently used in
      food fortification in the U.S. are defined with emphasis on their biological
      availabilities under various conditions. The availability of iron in foods
      depends upon numerous factors, most of which are not fully understood. A factor
      which is often overlooked is the interaction of the iron with the food during
      events such as cooking or processing. Chemical changes in the iron compounds
      occur which may correlate with changes in the biological availability.

PMID- 378546
TI  - The nutritional and physiological impact of milk in human nutrition.
AB  - The nutritional value of milk as an important source of energy, high-quality
      protein, calcium, and riboflavin has been recognized for many years. Currently,
      the widespread use and promotion of milk in the U.S. as well as developing
      countries has been questioned. This review examines the nutrient composition of
      dairy products, factors that account for variability in composition of milk, milk
      processing, preservation, quality control, and contaminants (such as minerals,
      radionuclides antibiotics, microorganisms and their metabolites, herbicides, and
      insecticides) in milk. Consumption patterns for milk and evidence for its
      nutritional value, especially in children, are presented. Milk consumption has
      been related to disease or conditions such as atherosclerosis, milk allergy,
      lactose intolerance, anemia, dental problems, and others. Recent recommendations
      for dietary changes for individuals in the U.S. and other developed countries
      could affect the use of milk. In addition, the use of feeding programs in the
      U.S. and developing countries which are based primarily on milk has been
      criticized. The preparation of new types of milk designed to offset certain
      difficulties encountered with cow's milk are now being evaluated in humans.

PMID- 378548
TI  - Food extrusion.
AB  - Extrusion processing has become an important food process in the manufacture of
      pasta, ready-to-eat cereals, snacks, pet foods, and textured vegetable protein
      (TVP). An extruder consists of tightly fitting screw rotating within a stationary
      barrel. Preground and conditioned ingredients enter the screw where they are
      conveyed, mixed, and heated by a variety of processes. The product exits the
      extruder through a die where it usually puffs and changes texture from the
      release of steam and normal forces. Mathematical models for extruder flow and
      torque have been found useful in describing exclusion operations. Scale-up can be
      facilitated by the application of these models. A variety of food extruder
      designs have developed. The differences and similarity of design are discussed.
      Pertinent literature on the extrusion of cereal/snack products, full-fat soy,
      TVP, pet foods (dry and semi-moist), pasta, and beverage or other food bases are
      discussed. In many of these applications, the extruder is a high temperature,
      short time process which minimizes losses in vitamins and amino acids. Color,
      flavor, and product shape and texture are also affected by the extrusion process.
      Extrusion has been widely applied in the production of nutritious foods. Emphasis
      is placed on the use of extrusion to denature antinutritional factors and the
      improvement of protein quality and digestibility.

PMID- 378549
TI  - The antioxidant vitamins.
AB  - This article is an attempt to study the metabolic functions of vitamin C and E
      together. Such a study must necessarily be imcomplete owing to the extreme
      richness of the literature. The increasing importance of the work on free radical
      reactions, their toxicity and carcinogenic action, and also their relation to the
      metabolism of metals, particularly iron, copper, selenium, and zinc, shows a
      number of metabolic pathways with which both vitamins interact. It is hoped that
      this article will indicate future research possibilities.

PMID- 378550
TI  - Ergot on cereal grains.
AB  - Ergot is caused by a fungus (Claviceps species) which has been found on hundreds
      of plants in almost every country of the world. The fungus can adapt itself to
      form many different varieties. New species of the fungus and new hosts are still
      discovered today. The alkaloids in ergot have caused hundreds of thousands of
      deaths in the Middle Ages after consumption of contaminated cereal grains, but
      during the last two decades there has not been a recorded outbreak of ergotism.
      Grain standards in most countries are very strict and do not permit grain which
      contains ergot to reach commercial food channels. All involved in cereal grain
      production and ulilization should be cognizant of the potential danger, however,
      since ergot contamination at levels above those permitted by grain standards
      cannot necessarily be detected by the normal evaluation of a flour sample in the
      cereal chemistry laboratory. There always have been and always will be ergot
      infections and a possible danger to human health, but man has learned to minimize
      the potential problem by using proper agricultural practices. Futhermore,
      techniques for the removal of ergot from contaminated grains have been developed.
      While human ergotism is a disease of the past, ergotism in animals still occurs
      frequently. The problem is not a simple one because of many unanswered questions.
      What is the tolerance of different breeds or species of livestock to ergot? What
      are the effects of low-level long-term ingestion of ergot on livestock? What is
      the difference in toxicity to animals of ergot from different cereal ingestion of
      ergot on livestock? What is the difference in toxicity to animals of ergot from
      different cereal grain varieties? What is the effect of storage and processing of
      cereal grain products on the potential ergot toxicity? The last and most
      important chapter in the history of ergot concerns ergot as a source of
      pharmacologically useful alkaloids which have found applications in internal
      medicine and obstetrics. The future promises to bring some new ergot alkaloids
      and some new uses. Recent research data indicate the possibility of using ergot
      alkaloids in contraceptives, which would be truly remarkable.

PMID- 378551
TI  - Furans in foods.
AB  - Furan represent a class of compounds that have been reported in a wide variety of
      foods. Normally, they result from thermal decomposition reactions, and, as such,
      are important in foods. They also possess unique sensory properties and, thus,
      can significantly contribute to food flavor. This review shall attempt to
      summarize their food occurrences, organoleptic properties, and formation
      pathways.

PMID- 378552
TI  - Low calorie bulking agents.
AB  - Obesity, a common disorder causing excess mortality due to the development of
      cardiovascular disease, hypertension, respiratory illness, and diabetes, is
      difficult to control by simple dieting techniques. Low calorie foods, which can
      facilitate newer weight reduction approaches such as behavior modification, often
      lack adequate palatability due to the absence of carbohydrate or fat. Various low
      calorie bulking agents that can replace the traditionally used carbohydrates and
      fats are discussed in terms of caloric value, utility, and regulatory status.
      Methods of measuring caloric utilization of bulking agents in test animals and
      humans are evaluated. For fat, no really satisfactory replacement is currently
      available, although several promising are under development. Dietary fiber
      sources such as microcrystalline cellulose are receiving considerable attention
      as flour replacements. While the polyols have many desirable attributes, as
      sucrose replacements, their caloric utilization values generally prevent a
      significant caloric reduction when they are used in foods. Several experimental
      sucrose replacements are described.

PMID- 378553
TI  - Levodopa/benserazide ('Madopar') combination therapy in elderly patients with
      parkinsonism.
AB  - A clinical evaluation was carried out in 20 elderly patients with parkinsonism to
      assess the effectiveness and acceptability of treatment with a combination
      preparation of levodopa and benserazide over a period of 9 months. Mean daily
      maintenance dosage was 612.5 mg levodopa and 140 mg benserazide. The effects of
      treatment on clinical features and activities of daily living were monitored at
      monthly intervals. Significant improvement occurred in the first month and
      optimal improvement was usually reached by the end of 3-months' treatment.
      Akinesia and rigidity were abolished or improved in the majority of patients but
      the effect on tremor was less satisfactory. The preparation was well tolerated
      and side-effects were not troublesome.

PMID- 378554
TI  - Intra-nasal flunisolide in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in general
      practice.
AB  - An open trial was carried out in general practice to assess the effectiveness and
      acceptability of flunisolide nasal spray in relieving symptoms of allergic
      rhinitis. Eighty-eight patients were entered in the study, 82 of whom were hay
      fever sufferers. The spray was given as 2 insufflations into each nostril, using
      a metered pump, twice daily over a period of 1 month. This provided a daily dose
      of 200 microgram flunisolide. Patients' symptoms were assessed on entry and at 2
      week intervals. Flunisolide produced statistically significant reductions in all
      symptoms and resulted in complete or good control in 73 patients.

PMID- 378556
TI  - Pimozide in the maintenance treatment of apathetic and emotionally withdrawn
      schizophrenics.
AB  - An open pilot study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of pimozide as
      the sole maintenance therapy for chronic institutionalized schizophrenics who
      were withdrawn and apathetic. A total of 13 patients entered the study and,
      following withdrawal of all other neuroleptics for 1 month, patients then
      received pimozide in a dosage increased gradually from 8 mg to 20 mg per day.
      Patients were assessed using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the
      St. Wulston's Ward Behaviour Scale. There was a trend towards improvement when
      patients were assessed by both rating scales. This was only statistically
      significant between the pre-pimozide measurement and the 4 and 6-month's
      assessment on the BPRS. Other differences, including a slight reduction in side
      effects, were not statistically significant.

PMID- 378555
TI  - Etomidate as an induction agent in minor operative procedures.
AB  - Etomidate was compared to thiopentone sodium as an induction agent in 132 out
      patients undergoing sterilization by laparoscopy and cauterization of the
      oviduct. Neither agent caused any significant effects on heart rate or blood
      pressure. Etomidate-induced patients had a statistically significantly quicker
      return of awareness post-operatively. In a further large series (164) of out
      patients undergoing minor surgery, the average stay in hospital post-operatively
      was 1 hour 30 minutes. Side-effects were rare and did not include, with this
      technique, significant myoclonus or pain on injection.

PMID- 378557
TI  - The penetrability of cephazolin into the subcutaneous fat and skeletal muscle of
      ischaemic lower limbs with atherosclerotic disease.
AB  - Seventeen patients with atherosclerotic disease, who were undergoing arterial
      reconstruction or amputation of the lower limb, had 2 g cephazolin injected per
      operatively in two equal doses by intramuscular and intravenous routes. Samples
      of subcutaneous fat and skeletal muscle from the ischaemic leg, and serum were
      collected during the operation for assay of cephazolin content. The mean
      cephazolin levels in the serum, skeletal muscle and subcutaneous fat were found
      to be well above the minimum inhibitory concentrations required for most
      important Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens.

PMID- 378558
TI  - A multicentre study of twice daily acebutolol ('Sectral') in the treatment of
      hypertension in general practice.
AB  - An open multicentre study was carried out under uncontrolled conditions in
      general practice to investigate the efficacy and acceptability of twice daily
      acebutolol in patients with mild to severe hypertension. Data from 1007 patients
      were analyzed. Most (901) had been treated previously with other hypertensive
      agents before starting on acebutolol. Oral dosages of acebutolol ranged from 200
      mg to 1200 mg/day, according to individual requirements, and 331 patients
      received concomitant therapy, usually with a diuretic, either from the start of
      therapy or after 4 to 8 weeks. A significant reduction (p less than 0.001) was
      observed in mean diastolic blood pressure over the 12-week assessment period, and
      response increased with treatment duration. There were 280 reports of side
      effects and 63 patients were withdrawn from the study for this reason.

PMID- 378559
TI  - Glipizide ('Glibenese') in maturity-onset diabetes mellitus.
AB  - A clinical evaluation was carried out in 19 maturity-onset diabetics to assess
      the effectiveness of glipizide in the treatment of newly diagnosed patients (11)
      not responding to diet alone and of patients (8) who had been inadequately
      controlled on other oral antidiabetic agents. Patients were studied over a period
      of 6 months. All of the 11 newly diagnosed patients were adequately controlled
      with glipizide in a dose of 5 to 15 mg/day (mean 9.6 +/- 3.7 mg/day), as were 5
      of the 8 previously treated patients with a dose of 10 to 25 mg/day (mean 18 +/-
      6.7 mg/day). None of the patients became hypoglycaemic nor did the blood sugar
      levels indicate hypoglycaemia in the fasting state. Serum triglyceride levels did
      not change significantly during glipizide therapy, neither did the patients'
      weight. No side-effects were reported.

PMID- 378561
TI  - Comparison of over-the-counter agents for tinea pedis.
AB  - To evaluate the relative effectiveness of the treatment of tinea pedis, we
      performed a double-blind study comparing undecylenic acid ointment, tolnaftate
      cream, and a placebo. Ninety patients with clinically and mycologically proven
      tinea pedis took part in this clinical trial. Our results showed both agents to
      be superior to the placebo, but there was no significant difference in
      effectiveness between the two active agents. We observed no side effects with the
      preparations used.

PMID- 378560
TI  - Cutaneous toxicology: an overview from the underside.

PMID- 378562
TI  - Characterization of a mouse myeloma lymphoblast hybrid line with respect to Ig
      production and species-specific surface antigens.

PMID- 378563
TI  - Studies on the synthesis of immunoglobulins by man-mouse somatic cell hybrids.

PMID- 378564
TI  - Some statistical properties of the lod method and the method of scoring known
      recombination events in linkage analysis.

PMID- 378565
TI  - Characteristics of a linkage heterogeneity test.

PMID- 378566
TI  - [Prof. Wladyslaw Zaleski, D.D.S].

PMID- 378567
TI  - [Tissue reactions to single-fiber threads in wound healing in the oral mucosa of
      white rats].

PMID- 378568
TI  - [Composite materials as glue in the fixing of orthodontic braces].

PMID- 378569
TI  - [The 1st Polish dentists in Cracow].

PMID- 378570
TI  - [Morphologic criteria of differentiation between gingival sulcus and pathological
      pockets in the light of the literature].

PMID- 378571
TI  - Thrombocytosis in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia.
AB  - Thrombocytosis has not yet been described in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. A
      typical patient with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is described. The patient's
      thrombocyte count was up to 900,000 per cu mm, which returned to normal under
      steroid therapy. Thrombocytosis may be associated with chronic inflammation and
      should not require further investigations such as lung biopsy, in an otherwise
      usual case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia.

PMID- 378572
TI  - In vitro additive effect of nitrofurantoin combined with trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole against Serratia marcescens.
AB  - The combination of nitrofurantoin (NF) plus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP
      SMZ) was found to be additively effective against all of 12 clinical isolates of
      Serratia marcescens that represented 7 nosocomially significant strains, some of
      which were mulitple-drug-resistant. All isolates were resistant against NF;
      minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranged from 320 to 1,280 microgram
      NF/ml. The isolates were inhibited by TMP-SMZ concentrations ranging from 0.03
      microgram TMP + 0.57 microgram SMZ/ml to 8 microgram TMP + 152 microgram SMZ/ml.
      Significantly, NF combined with TMP-SMZ proved effective against isolates with
      decreased susceptibility to TMP-SMZ as well. The observed in vitro additive
      effect of NF + TMP-SMZ might prove of clinical relevance with respect to the
      chemotherapy of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections due to multiple-drug
      resistant strains of S. marcescens.

PMID- 378573
TI  - Effect of disodium phosphonoacetate and iododeoxyuridine on the multiplication of
      African swine fever virus in vitro.
AB  - Disodium phosphonoacetate (PAA) was found to inhibit the replication of African
      swine fever virus (ASFV). The action of this compound has been compared with the
      inhibitory capacity of iododeoxyuridine (IDU) upon ASFV growing in Vero cells.
      The study was done by the immunofluorescence technique in order to detect
      formations of cytoplasmic virus antigens and inclusion bodies; both were found to
      be inhibited by IDU and PAA. At 100 microgram/ml, IDU blocked completely the
      multiplication of ASFV and with PAA, a few scattered cells showed positive
      fluorescence. The infectivity of the virus was reduced 1--5 log depending upon
      drug concentrations and time of exposure to the drugs. Inhibition of ASFV
      replication by PAA suggests that this virus, like other herpesviruses, involves a
      virus-specific DNA polymerase in its replication mechanism.

PMID- 378574
TI  - Double-blind multicenter trial of a rifampicin-trimethoprim combination and
      rifampicin alone in urinary tract infections.
AB  - A double-blind multicenter trial was carried out in 146 patients with urinary
      tract infections in order to compare the combination of rifampicin and
      trimethoprim (450 mg plus 120 mg twice daily) with rifampicin alone (450 mg twice
      daily). The success rate on the day after a 10-day course of treatment was
      significantly higher after the combination than after rifampicin alone (72% of 60
      cases vs. 45% of 55 cases). The difference was still significant, and of the same
      order of magnitude, 1 week after the end of the treatment (53% of 51 vs. 24% of
      45 cases). The subgroups of patients with organisms sensitive to both rifampicin
      and trimethoprim before treatment was considered separately in each treatment
      group: rifampicin-resistant strains were isolated  after treatment in 27% of 26
      patients treated with rifampicin alone, and in 7% of 27 patients in the other
      group. The tolerances of the two treatments were superimposable. The combination
      rifampicin-trimethoprim appears to overcome the problem of selection of
      rifampicin-resistant strains, with the concomitant therapeutic failures, in
      urinary tract infections.

PMID- 378575
TI  - Nonspecific resistance of Serratia marcescens against antimicrobial drugs.
      Resistance or decreased susceptibility of phenotypic variants against
      chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, sulfonamides and trimethoprim.
AB  - Several clinical isolates and O-antigen reference strains of Serratia marcescens
      were shown to yield spontaneously phenotypic variants with nonspecific, combined
      resistance or decreased susceptibility for chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid,
      nitrofurantoin, sulfonamides, and trimethoprim, including cotrimoxazole.
      Additional presumptive evidence indicated that this resistance phenomenon is not
      mediated extrachromosomally, but rather chromosomally. The nature of this novel
      resistance mechanism remains to be elucidated.

PMID- 378576
TI  - Nonspecific aminoglycoside cross-resistance of Serratia marcescens.
AB  - 10 of 11 clinical isolates of Serratia marcescens yielded small numbers (10(-7)
      to 10(-8)) of 'gray' colony-type variants after selection with either amikacin,
      gentamicin or kanamycin, of which most proved resistant against all of the
      following aminoglycoside antibiotics: amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin,
      netilmicin, sisomicin and streptomycin. The level of resistance was not absolute,
      but rather low-level to intermediate. All except two of these 'gray', resistant
      phenotypic variants yielded 'opaque' revertants which were essentially
      indistinguishable from the parent (wild type) strains in terms of colonial
      morphology and antibiotic susceptibility. The 'gray' variants kinetically were
      more susceptible to the bactericidal activity of fresh human serum than the
      'opaque' variants. Preliminary evidence afforded the tentative conclusion that
      this nonspecific aminoglycoside-resistance mechanism was not plasmid-mediated.

PMID- 378577
TI  - Bacteriuria diagnosis and antibiotic susceptibility testing in a group practice
      by dipslide techniques.
AB  - In group practice, screening for bacteriuria and antibacterial susceptibility
      testing of bacteria in urine specimens were performed by dipslide methods
      (Uricult and Sensicult, Orion Diagnostica) and the results were evaluated with
      respect to conventional cultivation of urine specimens and standardized
      susceptibility testing by the disc diffusion method at a bacteriological
      laboratory. Bacteriuria diagnosis by screening by the Uricult method seemed to be
      satisfactorily performed except for some streptococcal strains. In the case of
      direct susceptibility testing by the Sensicult dipslide method, however, the
      results obtained by personnel at the surgeries and by trained bacteriologists
      displayed unacceptable disparities, despite the fact that a continuously running
      training programme was established.

PMID- 378578
TI  - Clinical and experimental evaluation of cefoxitin therapy.
AB  - 30 patients were treated with i.v. cefoxitin (4-8 g/day), of which 20 had
      documented infections which included endocarditis (5), lung abscess (4), empyema
      (4), liver and subhepatic abscess (3), osteomyelitis (3), and pancreatic abscess
      (1). 14 patients had infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and 5 had
      endocarditis due to aerobic organisms. All but 2 patients with osteomyelitis of
      the mandible were cured. Adverse reactions were noted in 7 patients, mostly due
      to drug fever and leukocytosis; one had Coombs'-positive hemolytic anemia. The
      average serum cefoxitin levels were 24, 16, 12, and 4 microgram/ml at 1, 2, 3 and
      4 h, respectively, and the average serum/pleural fluid ratio was 1:0.5 +/- 0.25.
      All anaerobic and aerobic isolates except one strain of Bacteroides fragilis were
      susceptible to cefoxitin at less than or equal to 32 microgram/ml. The
      concentration of cefoxitin in the tissues was measured in 8 rabbits; it was 4 +/-
      1 microgram/ml in the heart and 2 +/- 0.5 microgram/ml in the femur and
      mandibular tissue, suggesting that the lack of response in cases of osteomyelitis
      could be due to inadequate antibiotic concentration in the bone. Our study
      suggests that cefoxitin can be used in the treatment of anaerobic infections and
      endocarditis due to susceptible organisms.

PMID- 378579
TI  - Spinal lipomas in infancy and childhood.
AB  - The clinical course of 42 children with lipomatous lesions of the lower spine is
      reviewed. Good neurological exam, IVP and myelography are considered essential
      components of the preoperative studies. The surgical aim is to free all intra- to
      extradural adhesions with dural grafting, if necessary. The results suggest that
      early corrective surgery within the first few weeks to months of life is the most
      satisfactory approach to preserving normal neurological and urological function
      in these children. 88% of children not operated on early developed progressive
      loss of neurological function and while delayed surgery frequently stopped
      progression of the disease it rarely returned the children to a normal state.

PMID- 378581
TI  - Alexis Carrel, 1912--Nobel Prize.

PMID- 378582
TI  - [Blood vessel sutures with absorbable suture material: roentgenological,
      hemodynamic, light and electron microscopy findings. I].
AB  - Simple end-to-end anastomoses were performed in the common carotid and femoral
      arteries and in the jugular and femoral veins of dogs. In other dogs, lateral
      sutures (running) consisting of absorbable material made from polyglycolic acid
      were inserted. No occlusions, aneurysms, or infections occurred in the arteries.
      Without heparin, the patency rate after up to 234 days was 98%. In veins, the
      observation period was 60 days and a patency rate of 83% was found. All vessels
      were studied by angiography and by light and electron microscopy. Additionally,
      an original method of hemodynamic assessment was used (Turbulence Index). The
      alternating effect of morphological variations in the vessel wall and the degree
      of blood flow disturbance was evident.

PMID- 378580
TI  - Effect of dantrolene sodium on the incidence of seizures in children with
      spasticity.
AB  - In this two-phase study, 21 pediatric patients with epilepsy and spasticity were
      initially treated with dantrolene sodium suspension and, after a washout period,
      began a double-blind portion where one half received dantrolene sodium suspension
      and the other half received a placebo suspension. The frequency of seizures,
      serum anticonvulsant levels and electroencephalograms were compared with control
      values. On dantrolene sodium suspension, there was no persistent change in these
      parameters. Therefore, it is concluded that dantrolene sodium does not adversely
      affect the frequency of seizures in children with epilepsy and spasticity, who
      are being maintained on anticonvulsant medications.

PMID- 378583
TI  - [The significance of duodenal passage for insulin and gastrin secretion in
      patients following total gastrectomy].
AB  - After total gastrectomy and different forms of reconstruction as well as before
      and after B II-B I conversion, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed in 24
      patients, and insulin and gastrin secretion were measured. The results in the
      patients with preserved or reestablished passage of the glucose through the
      duodenum demonstrate that (1) the glucose tolerance is significantly better, (2)
      the secretory capacity of the beta-cells is about twofold greater, and (3) the
      postprandial gastrin secretion is about threefold greater.

PMID- 378584
TI  - [Dye dilution test to determine leakage during regional perfusion in the
      treatment of malignant tumors of the extremities].
AB  - During regional perfusion of the extremity in the dog, the dye Evans blue (T
      1824) was used as an indicator to control leakage from the isolated region into
      the systemic circulation. The rate of elimination of the dye was 10% +/- 2% per
      hour. A simulated leakage from the perfused region into the systemic circulation
      was determined with a sensitivity of 1,67%.

PMID- 378586
TI  - [Fluorescent microscopy studies of osteosynthesis and bony defect filling with
      cyanoacrylate].
AB  - Bone defects and osteotomies of the rabbit tibia were stabilized by a mixture of
      ethyl cyanoacrylate and bone meal. Healing of osteotomy or new bone formations
      growing through the defect could not be observed.

PMID- 378587
TI  - [Arguments for suturing of a gap in the flexor tendons of fingers].
AB  - 1. Tendon healing may originate from the vascularized epitenon of the tendon
      stumps. 2. This is dependent upon the gap between the tendon stumps being rather
      small. 3. In tendon sutures after Kessler the gap averaged only 2.5 mm, whereas
      the average after Bunnell suture was 6.7 mm and after Lengemann suture, 9.8 mm.
      4. After isolated division of the deep flexor tendon (80% of cases) and division
      of both flexor tendons (65%), good results with a distance = 2.5 cm between the
      nail and the distal palmar crease could be obtained.

PMID- 378585
TI  - [Reaction of articular cartilage to subchondral defect filling with autologous
      cancelous bone, Kiel's bone chips and bone cement].
AB  - Equally sized subchondral osseous defects were produced in 30 adult rabbits. The
      defects were filled with autologous cancellous bone, bone cement, or macerated
      heterologous cancellous bone. Twelve weeks later those filled with autologous
      cancellous bone showed consolidation with preservation of the subchondral border
      line. There were no degenerative changes of the joint's cartilage. Filling with
      bone cement or heterologous cancellous bone, on the other hand, led to
      destruction of the joint's cartilage. The defects treated with heterologous
      cancellous bone had not reached osseous consolidation at that time. These results
      suggest that effective treatment of subchondral osseous defects can only be
      achieved by filling with autologous cancellous bone.

PMID- 378588
TI  - [Prevention and therapy of gastroduodenal stress hemorrhage in intensive care
      patients using the histamine H2-receptor antagonist cimetidine].
AB  - In our intensive care unit we were able to prevent almost all bleedings from
      stress ulcerations in patients with insufficiency of various organs by
      administering the H2-receptor blocker, cimetidine, in doses of 200 mg eight times
      per day. However, stres ulcer bleedings occurred in 14% of those patients also
      suffering from a sepsis. At lower doses of cimetidine, the rate of bleeding was
      comparable to that encountered in patients treated with antacids, i.e. 12.5%
      patients with multiple organ insufficiency and 42.7% with sepsis. Cimetidine did
      not show any therapeutic effect in case of bleeding which led to a significant
      fall in hemoglobin concentration.

PMID- 378589
TI  - Enhancement of local immune response in the treatment of experimental
      peritonitis.
AB  - We conclude from these experiments that the host defense in peritoneal infections
      rests largely on the phagocytic cells attracted into the peritoneal cavity by the
      offending organism, and that an increase in the number of available phagocytes by
      pretreatment with chemotactic substances protects against lethal peritoneal
      infections. There seems to be a direct relationship between the number of
      available phagocytes in the peritoneal cavity at the time of inoculation and the
      reduction of mortality in experimental peritonitis (Fig. 1).

PMID- 378590
TI  - [Hypothermic storage under aerobic conditions--the effect of different flushing
      solutions on kidney functional recovery].
AB  - Canine kidneys (n = 17) were flushed with COLLINS (C2), SACKS II, LAMBOTTE
      (KMgS), ROSS (hypertonic citrate), or RINGER glucose-mannitol solution following
      a 30-min period of normothermic ischemia. After 24 h hypothermic preservation
      with retrograde oxygen persufflation (ROP) and autotransplantation, the immediate
      functional recovery was determined using inulin and PAH clearance methods and
      compared with the normal contralateral kidney. While a good functional recovery
      was found in the COLLINS group, significantly exceeding results from hypothermic
      ischemic storage preservation, in experiments using other flush solutions ROP
      preservation resulted in only a small immediate function. Thus the experiments
      indicate that COLLINS solution C2 is the optimal flush solution for ROP
      preservation.

PMID- 378591
TI  - [Effect of high-dosage prednisolone administration on interstitial
      transplantation edema following allogeneic kidney transplantation in rats].
AB  - To measure subcapsular pressure of rat kidneys and kidney allografts,
      microcatheters were implanted in the subcapsular space and the pressure was
      continuously recorded with a transducer. Subcapsular pressure was found to
      increase significantly during allograft rejection. After single bolus injection
      of prednisolone 300 mg/kg on the day of transplantation or on the fourth
      postoperative day, considerably lower subcapsular pressures were recorded. This
      steroid effect together with other immunosuppressive measures could have an
      important influence on graft function and prognosis.

PMID- 378592
TI  - [Clinical significance of immunological findings for the survival time of kidney
      transplants with antilymphocyte globulin therapy].
AB  - A balanced combination of immunosuppressive regimens like cortisone, azathioprine
      and ALG can not only reduce the frequency, but also the severity of rejection
      episodes in kidney transplant patients. Addition of ALG influences the lymphocyte
      populations, especially T-lymphocytes. The significant reduction produced
      obviously includes cytotoxic effector lymphocytes as well as socalled regulator
      cells (suppressor cells). It seems as if this beneficial function for the graft
      is not only reduced under immunosuppressive therapy and administration of ALG,
      but disappears during rejection crises. The results indicate, however, that these
      cell populations recover quickly after finishing the immunosuppressive regimen.

PMID- 378593
TI  - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of ALG in clinical kidney transplantation in
      alternating studies].
AB  - The efficacy of ALG (horse serum against cultured human lymphocytes) in addition
      to a standard azathioprine and steroid regimen has been investigated in an
      alternating series of 70 renal transplantations in adults. Patient survival was
      almost identical in both groups. Transplant survival after 2 years was 64% in the
      ALG group as opposed to 48% in the group without ALG. In agreement with current
      literature, immunosuppression with ALG in high dosage seems to be justified.

PMID- 378594
TI  - [Prolonged survival time of xenogeneic kidney transplants following intravenous
      application of concanavalin A].
AB  - Concanavalin A is used as a mitogen for the stimulation of lymphocytes in vitro.
      It increases the proliferation of different populations of lymphocytes and
      activates the function of regulator lymphocytes. This effect appears to be
      modified in vivo in such a way that daily IV application prolongs survival times
      of allogeneic and xenogeneic kidney grafts significantly. The reason seems to be
      an influence on behavior, which is reflected in a pronounced peripheral
      lymphopenia. To support and investigate this mechanism, further combinations of
      antilymphocyte globulin, fox red blood cells, and Concanavalin A pretreatment
      were used in pilot studies.

PMID- 378595
TI  - [Orthotopic liver transplantation in rats. Prolonging of survival time of
      allotransplants using cyclosporin A in an acute rejection model].
AB  - Livers from inbred DA rats were transplanted orthotopically into inbred BN rats.
      Within 15 days all animals died due to rejection of the transplant. However, when
      rats were treated with Cyclosporin A (four different regimens) they survived for
      at least 60 days, even if therapy was withdrawn at day 28. It could be shown that
      the histologic changes in the graft stood in an inverse relationship to the
      extent of immunosuppressive therapy.

PMID- 378596
TI  - [Active enhancement using B-lymphocytes].
AB  - B-lymphocytes given 7 days prior to auxiliary heterotopic heart transplantation
      significantly delay transplant rejection. T-lymphocytes or purified erythrocytes
      have no effect at all on the subsequent heart graft. The beneficial effect of
      blood transfusions could be due to the transfusion of B-lymphocytes, which create
      a state of active enhancement in the transplant recipient.

PMID- 378597
TI  - [Early rejection of intraportal and intralinear pancreas allotransplants].
AB  - Allogeneic pancreatic microfragments were transplanted into the portal vein or
      splenic pulp of two groups of 10 dogs. The transplants were rejected after 2.4
      and 3.9 days, respectively, probably by activation of local macrophages.

PMID- 378598
TI  - [Venous end-to-end anastomosis with non-absorbable and absorbable screw flange
      rings].
AB  - Forty veno-venous anastomoses performed on femoral blood vessels of dogs showed
      good results using a new flange ring system. In 15 cases Palacos rings were used
      for the anastomoses. Follow-up studies during a period of 8 days to 1 1/2 years
      showed only one occlusion. Twenty-five anastomoses were performed with absorbable
      rings of vicryl. Follow-up studies of these anastomoses during a period of 10
      days to 26 weeks showed two stenoses and two occlusions. Dissolution of the
      Vicryl rings lasts up to 26 weeks.

PMID- 378599
TI  - [Bedside determination of extravascular lung water].
AB  - Extravascular lung water (EVLW) was measured at the bedside in 12 patients with
      the thermal-green dye double indicator dilution method using a microprocessor.
      The EVLW ranged from 3.3 to 17.2 ml/kg body weight; in patients without pulmonary
      problems we have found an average EVLW of 5.7 ml/kg body weight. The method
      involves easy calculations and is reproducible and accurate.

PMID- 378600
TI  - [Inhibition of stimulated gastric secretion with simultaneous administration of
      cimetidine and somatostatin].
AB  - In four gastric fistula dogs we studied the effect of cimetidine (5 mg/kg/h) and
      somatostatin (10 microgram/kg/h), alone or in combination, on gastric secretion
      stimulated by histamine (160 microgram/kg/h) or pentagastrin (6 microgram/kg/h).
      Acid and pepsin output after histamine stimulation was more reduced by cimetidine
      than after pentagastrin stimulation. Somatostatin showed an inhibitory effect
      only after pentagastrin stimulation. The most effective reduction, both on the
      degree of inhibition and on duration after cessation of the inhibitors, was seen
      after the combination of cimetidine/somatostatin. These results give some
      clinical aspects for the use of these two agents.

PMID- 378601
TI  - [Theodor Kocher's services in clinical research].

PMID- 378602
TI  - [Elimination of bone defects with the aid of a transplant (bone morphogenetic
      protein BMP) prepared according to Urist's method. Animal experimenst compared
      with Kieler spongiosa].
AB  - In two groups of six beagle dogs a standardized bone defect of 1 cm was replaced
      by a) "Kieler Spongiosa", and b) autologous bone material, prepared according to
      the formula of Urist. Instead of mechanical insufficiency an impressive
      osteogenetic potency and periosteosis was noticed in group b.

PMID- 378604
TI  - [Immunologic monitoring of transplantation patients: study of the reactivity of
      cytotoxic precursor cells].
AB  - Proliferative and cytotoxic T-cell reactivity subsequent to in vitro stimulation
      by a lymphocyte pool were studied in ten patients with well-accepted cadaver
      renal allografts and eight healthy controls. Whereas the proliferative reactivity
      was about equal in both groups, the cytotoxic responsiveness was markedly reduced
      in the allograft recipients. We conclude from these results that
      immunosuppressive drugs as well as specific adaptation processes act
      preferentially on the cytotoxic precursor cell population.

PMID- 378603
TI  - [Comparative studies on the incorporation of autologous and homologous spongiosa
      in the compact layer of long bones].
AB  - The healing of fresh autologous and homologous cancellous bone graft in gaps made
      in diaphysis was checked in a comparative test series of dogs. The general
      revascularization comes from the medulla. During the 2nd week the newly formed
      vessels in the homograft are obliterated. These are rebuilt during the 3rd week.
      At the same time new bone formation and reabsorption of the implanted bone by
      osteoclasts cease temporarily. After 6 weeks both grafts are remodeled in
      lamellar bone. The osseous trabeculae do not yet run parallel to Havers' system
      of the corticalis. The results verify the superiority of the autologous
      cancellous bone grafts.

PMID- 378605
TI  - [Preservation of kidneys with ischemic injury using hypothermic storage and
      mechanical prolonged perfusion].
AB  - Dog kidneys were flushed and stored in Collins (n = 30) and Sacks (n = 32)
      solution under hypothermia. These results were compared with those gained by
      mechanical perfusion (n = 21). Before preservation, the kidneys were subjected to
      15 - 60 min of warm ischemia then stored for 12 - 24 h. It was concluded that 12
      h preservation time after 15-min ischemic injury was the limit of hypothermic
      storage preservation. Sacks' solution gave better results than Collins' solution
      as regards the immediate function after transplantation. In contrast, mechanical
      perfusion was well tolerated for 24-h preservation time after a warm ischemia of
      30 min. In case of warm ischemic damage, mechanical perfusion should be preferred
      to hypothermic storage.

PMID- 378606
TI  - [The effect of high-dosage prednisolone administration on antibody formation and
      graft survival time following allogenic rat kidney transplantation].
AB  - The dose and time dependence of the immunosuppressive effect of prednisolone on
      renal allograft survival and antibody formation was studied in inbred rats. A
      single injection of 50 - 300 mg prednisolone/kg body wt. on the day of
      transplantation resulted in a dose-dependent prolongation of mean graft survival
      to 12.8 days as compared to 7.8 days for untreated controls. The daily
      postoperative administration of 10 and 30 mg prednisolone/kg prolonged the mean
      survival time to a lesser extent. A single bolus injection of 300 mg
      prednisolone/kg at different times after transplantatin resulted in a significant
      prolongation of graft survival and suppression of cytotoxic antibody only when
      given no later than 2 days postoperatively or following antigen injection.

PMID- 378608
TI  - [Works on orthopedics published by Polish surgeons during the 1st half of the
      19th century].

PMID- 378607
TI  - [In vivo determination of local tissue pO2 in renal cortex in kidney
      transplantation].
AB  - From measurement of local tissue PO2 in human kidney grafts after restoration of
      renal circulation, a correlation between initial microcirculation and kidney
      function can be drawn. PO2-histograms of kidney grafts with sufficient function
      are normal, whereas PO2-histograms of kidneys with delayed onset of function
      (congruent to 3 weeks) show distinct disturbances of microcirculation. These
      preliminary results suggest that measuring local tissue PO2 in transplanted
      kidneys may be of value for the prognosis of the graft.

PMID- 378609
TI  - [In memory of Germano Mancini].

PMID- 378610
TI  - [Immediate osteosynthesis with homolateral autoplastic bone transplant in leg
      fractures].

PMID- 378612
TI  - [Nontraumatic perforations of the small intestine].
AB  - From 1970 to 1978, 14 patients with nontraumatic perforations of the small
      intestine were treated in the Department of General and Abdominal Surgery of the
      University Frankfurt am Main. In eight cases suture and bypass and/or interval
      operation with enterostomy was performed. Seven patients survived, one died. In
      the six other patients resection with primary anastomosis or suture were
      performed. One patient survived and five patients died following peritonitis due
      to insufficiency of the anastomosis. The problem of nontraumatic perforation of
      the small intestine is discussed and the literature reviewed. It is suggested
      that the operation of choice is suture of the perforation with bypass or the two
      stage operation with enterostomy.

PMID- 378611
TI  - [Operations--1932. Grandfather and grandsons].

PMID- 378613
TI  - [The teres plasty. Surgical technic for hiatal hernia].

PMID- 378614
TI  - [Effect of methylprednisolone on bacterial infection of the peritoneal cavity in
      the guinea pig].
AB  - There is clinical proof of the decisive therapeutic effect of bolus injection of
      corticosteroids in septic shock. Our own studies, in which sublethal doses of
      bacterial suspensions were introduced into the peritoneal cavity of guinea pigs,
      demonstrate that a simultaneously applied solution of methylprednisolone (MP) has
      no influence on the intraperitoneal number of bacteria. Even the rapid initial
      decrease of bacterial counts, which, according to our studies, can be inhibited
      by Liquoid and is, therefore, caused by complement, is not influenced by the
      addition of MP. There was no indication of a change of tissue reactions in gut or
      mesenterium. The therapeutic effect of corticosteroids seems to depend on its
      influence on peripheral vessels.

PMID- 378615
TI  - [A new technic for auxiliary liver transplantation].

PMID- 378616
TI  - [Georges Thomeret (1911-1975)].

PMID- 378617
TI  - Yeast chromosomal DNA molecules have strands which are cross-linked at their
      termini.
AB  - The microbial eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae has 18 chromosomes, each
      consisting of a DNA molecule of 1 x 15 x 10(8) daltons (150 to 2,300 kilobase
      pairs). Interstand cross-links have now been found in molecules of all sizes by
      examining the ability of high molecular weight DNA to snap back, i.e., to rapidly
      renature after denaturation. Experiments in which snap back was assessed for
      molecules broken by shearing indicate that there are probably two cross-links in
      each chromosome. Evidence that the cross-links occur at specific sites in the
      genome was obtained by treating total chromosomal DNA with the endonuclease EcoRI
      which cleaves the yeast genome into approximately 2,000 discrete fragments. Cross
      link containing fragments were separated from fragments without cross-links. This
      purification resulted in enrichment for about 18 specific fragments. To determine
      whether the cross-links are terminal or at internal sites in chromosomal DNA,
      large shear-produced fragments were examined by electron microsopy. With complete
      denaturation few fragments exhibit the X-shaped single strand configuration
      expected for internal cross-links. When partially denatured fragments were
      examined some ends had single strand loops as expected for (AT-rich) cross-linked
      termini. We propose that a duplex chromosomal DNA molecules have cross-linked
      termini. We propose that a duplex chromosomal DNA molecule in this eukaryote
      consists of a continuous, single, self-complementary strand of DNA. This
      structure has implications for the mechanism of chromosome replication and may be
      the basis of telomere behavior.

PMID- 378618
TI  - A study of heterochromatin in Drosophila nasuta by the 5-bromodeoxyuridine-Giemsa
      staining technique.
AB  - Larval brain ganglia of Drosophila nasuta were cultured in vitro in the presence
      of 5-bromodeoxyuridine for 1 or 5 h at 24 degrees C and the air-dried chromosome
      preparations stained by the Hoechst 33258-Giemsa technique to reveal
      bromodeoxyuridine induced sister chromatid differentiation. In 1 h as well as 5 h
      preparations, 10-15% of well spread metaphase plates show a sister chromatid
      differentiation in only C-band heterochromatin regions of different chromosomes.
      We infer that this sister chromatid differentiation in all heterochromatic
      regions is seen after bromodeoxyuridine incorporation for only one replication
      cycle and is related to the presence of asymmetric A-T rich satellite sequences
      in all the C-band regions of D. nasuta karyotype.

PMID- 378619
TI  - Clinical perspectives in the care of the pregnant diabetic patient.
AB  - Despite the considerable improvement in the care of the diabetic mother and the
      prognosis for her baby, a number of clinical problems remain unresolved. Apart
      from the increased incidence of major and minor fetal anomalies, morbidity
      amongst the newborn and the high incidence of diabetes in later life of women who
      have had relatively minor carbohydrate intolerance during pregnancy are a cause
      for concern. In this paper the outstanding clinical problems and thier possible
      solutions are considered. The elucidation of the origin of congenital
      malformations is discussed. The prevention of congenital anomalies in the
      diabetic requires a precise knowledge of their aetiology which is currently not
      available. However, on the hypothesis that diabetes creates an abnormal
      biochemical environment which may well disturb embryogenesis, it is logical to
      try and control maternal blood sugar as soon as possible in pregnancy or even
      before conception. To extend this argument further, it follows naturally that the
      maintenance of normoglycaemia throughout pregnancy until delivery is also
      desirable. The practicalities of various methods of screening for diabetes in
      pregnancy and new approaches in the medical and obstetric problems of the
      pregnant diabetic are also considered. Finally, the question of contraception and
      its implication for the woman who is known to have carbohydrate intolerance in
      pregnancy is discussed.

PMID- 378620
TI  - The influence of hormonal changes of pregnancy on maternal metabolism.
AB  - Mammalian pregnancy is characterized by progressive hyperinsulinaemia, raised
      plasma lipids and increased vulnerability to ketosis after food deprivation. The
      present investigations were performed to assess the role of two placental
      steroids, oestradiol and progesterone, in the development of these changes, since
      plasma titres of these hormones progressively increase during human gestation. In
      both human subjects and adult female rats it was demonstrated that these two
      steroids, separately or in combination, augment plasma insulin concentration in
      vivo, cause hypertrophy of pancreatic islets and promote exaggerated secretion of
      insulin, but not glucagon, by pancreatic islets in vitro. Hypertriglyceridaemia
      induced by oestrogen alone or combined with progesterone was associated with
      increased splanchnic production of triglyceride as well as altered tissue
      lipoprotein lipase (EC 3.1.1.34) and circulating apoproteins that influence
      activity of this enzyme. The combined regimen also increased hepatic glycogen
      storage and suppressed gluconeogenesis in vivo in the rat while accelerating the
      onset of ketosis during starvation in human subjects and in the animal model.
      Oestradiol and progesterone appear to effect metabolic changes in nonpregnant
      animals and human subjects that simulate maternal adaptations to advancing
      gestation, including altered endocrine pancreatic function, triglyceride
      metabolism and metabolic fuel storage and mobilization.

PMID- 378621
TI  - Pregnancy as a tissue culture experience: the critical implications of maternal
      metabolism for fetal development.

PMID- 378622
TI  - Endoscopic identification and removal of an unusual symptomatic colonic foreign
      body.
AB  - The discovery and removal of a life-threatening colonic wire suture using the
      flexible fiberoptic colonoscope has been described. Such reports demonstrate the
      versatility and usefulness of diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedures.

PMID- 378623
TI  - L-Dopa inhibits metoclopramide stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter in
      man.
AB  - Opossum lower esophageal sphincter smooth muscle contains inhibitory dopaminergic
      receptors. Since metoclopramide is a dopaminergic antagonist in many experimental
      situations, the present study was designed to investigate whether this mechanism
      could explain the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) stimulating action of
      metoclopramide in man. The interactions of (1) oral L-dopa, a dopamine precursor,
      and metoclopramide; and (2) L-dopa and the cholinergic agent, bethanechol, on
      lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) in normal subjects were examined. Oral
      L-dopa significantly inhibited LESP response to either oral metoclopramide 20 mg
      (P less than 0.05), or intravenous metoclopramide 20 mg (P less than 0.05). In
      contrast, L-dopa did not inhibit the LESP response to subcutaneous bethanechol
      (0.07 mg/kg). Mean basal LESP measured 50 min after ingestion of 1000 mg L-dopa,
      19.3 +/- 3.1 mm Hg, was significantly less than basal LESP after L-dopa placebo,
      29.3 +/- 4 mm Hg (P less than 0.01). It is concluded that (1) L-dopa inhibited
      the metoclopramide-induced rise in LESP but not peak stimulation of LESP by
      bethanechol; (2) there is evidence for the possibility of LES dopaminergic
      inhibitory receptors in man; and (3) these data are consistent with the
      hypothesis that metoclopramide acts on the LES by blocking a dopaminergic
      pressure-lowering mechanism.

PMID- 378624
TI  - The relationship between conventional liver tests, quantitative function tests,
      and histopathology in cirrhosis.
AB  - Thirty patients with cirrhosis were evaluated with the 2-hr [14C]aminopyrine
      breath test (score) and with conventional liver tests. Of the 30 patients, 24
      also had current liver biopsies. There was a good correlation between
      necroinflammatory activity in the 24 cirrhotic liver biopsies and the 2-hr
      aminopyrine scores. All five patients who had at least grade 2 necroinflammatory
      activity on their biopsy had an abnormal prothrombin time (greater than 3.5 sec
      above control) and their aminopyrine score was less than 2%. The correlation was
      good between the 2-hr aminopyrine score and the prothrombin time (seconds over
      control). No correlation was found between the 2-hr aminopyrine score and either
      the serum aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT) or any other liver test except for
      the prothrombin time. It seems that the 2-hr aminopyrine score and prothrombin
      time are more likely to give a quantitative estimate of total functioning
      parenchymal mass which is left unaffected by hepatocellular disease in cirrhosis,
      than the other commonly used liver tests.

PMID- 378625
TI  - Clinically significant vitamin B12 deficiency secondary to malabsorption of
      protein-bound vitamin B12.
AB  - Protein- (chicken serum) bound [57Co]cyanocobalamin absorption was evaluated in
      five hypochlorhydric patients who had developed B12 deficiency despite having
      normal absorption of unbound crystalline vitamin B12. All five patients had
      decreased urinary excretion of protein-bound B12 (0.06--0.34%) as compared to
      twelve normal controls (0.61--5.6%), P less than .001. Improvement in protein
      bound B12 absorption in four of the five patients occurred with the exogenous
      administration of hydrochloric acid, pepsin, gastric intrinsic factor, or a
      combination thereof. Vitamin B12 deficiency developing in the setting of
      hypochlorhydria may result from deficiency of acid-peptic digestion of B12 bound
      to protein and/or a relative deficiency of intrinsic factor. This digestive
      defect is not detected with tests which measure the absorption of unbound
      crystalline B12 but is detected by a simple test which employs B12 bound to
      chicken serum as the form of protein-bound B12.

PMID- 378626
TI  - Long-term cimetidine in duodenal ulcer disease.
AB  - Forty patients with chronic duodenal ulcer who had healed endoscopically with a 6
      week course of cimetidine were randomized double blind to 1 year of either
      placebo or cimetidine tablets 400 mg bid (20 patients in each group). Patients
      were seen at monthly intervals, and endoscopy was performed at clinical relapse
      or on completion of 1 year. One of 20 patients on active cimetidine relapsed
      clinically and endoscopically at 3 months; 16 of 20 patients on placebo relapsed
      clinically and endoscopically within 9 months, the majority within 3 months, and
      2 were shown to have asymptomatic chronic ulcers at routine 12-month endoscopy.
      None of the 19 patients on active cimetidine routinely endoscoped at 12 months
      showed evidence of ulceration. This study confirms a high relapse rate when short
      term cimetidine is ceased and indicates that maintenance treatment with
      cimetidine prevents relapse.

PMID- 378627
TI  - Differences in intrahepatic portal-systemic shunting in alcoholic and
      nonalcoholic liver disease as assessed by liver scan, portal pressure, and E.
      coli antibodies.
AB  - The interrelationship among portal vein pressure, 99mTc sulfur colloid
      liver/spleen scan abnormality, and serum E. coli antibody titers has been
      examined in 33 patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and compared with 24
      patients with liver disease not related to alcohol (non-ALD). A correlation
      between portal vein pressure and liver scan abnormality is seen in both groups,
      but for a given degree of portal hypertension there is a much greater
      redistribution of sulfur colloid in the ALD group (P less than 0.01). E. coli
      antibody titers are significantly higher in the ALD patients compared with the
      non-ALD patients (P less than 0.02), and they show a positive correlation with
      scan abnormality but not with portal vein pressure. It is suggested that the
      differences in scan appearance and E. coli antibody titers in these two groups of
      liver disease patients may be related to differences in intrahepatic shunting.

PMID- 378628
TI  - [Antiepileptics during pregnancy and lactation. Pharmacokinetic data].

PMID- 378629
TI  - [Liver cancer in the Chinese].

PMID- 378630
TI  - [Chloroquine-resistant tropical malaria following a trip to Kenya].

PMID- 378631
TI  - [Treatment of panmyelopathies].

PMID- 378632
TI  - [Lidocaine prophylaxis in the pre-hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In a double blind study performed in cooperation with 69 emergency doctors and
      general practitioners in the catchment areas of the university and of the city
      hospital in Lubeck the action of intramuscular lidocaine on mortality and on the
      incidence of arrhythmias was investigated in patients with acute myocardial
      infarction aged less than 70 years. The mortality in the lidocaine group was
      significantly lower than in the placebo group. The incidence of ventricular
      arrhythmias up to 120 minutes after the lidocaine injection was also lower than
      in the placebo group. However, the only case of primary ventricular fibrillation
      was in the lidocaine group. As the difference in mortality between the two groups
      appeared at a time when an antifibrillatory action of lidocaine can no longer be
      assumed one must question whether the positively beneficial effect was real or
      whether the lower mortality was in fact due to primarily milder disease in the
      lidocaine group.

PMID- 378634
TI  - [Rabies immunization in animals].

PMID- 378633
TI  - [Fibrinolytic treatment of acute respiratory insufficiency (shock lung) after
      diagnostic amniocentesis with septic shock].

PMID- 378635
TI  - [Weight gain and body composition in growing dogs fed isoenergetic rations on fat
      or carbohydrate basis (author's transl)].

PMID- 378637
TI  - [The influence of blood sampling stress on blood values of sheeps (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 378636
TI  - [Trials on induction of parturition in pigs with the luteolytic prostaglandin F2
      alpha-analogue HR 837 V (author's transl)].

PMID- 378638
TI  - [Kinking and torsion of the umbilical cord as a cause for the incipient
      mummification of a bovine fetus (brief clinical report)].

PMID- 378639
TI  - [Amelanotic splenic metastases of a malignant melanoma in the horse (brief
      clinical report)].

PMID- 378640
TI  - [The so called play of piglets in flatdecks. A reply to appear to by van Putten
      with the same title (author's transl)].

PMID- 378642
TI  - [3-legged Simmental heifer (monobrachia, monomelia anterior)].

PMID- 378641
TI  - [Comment on the reply of Grauvogl and Marx].

PMID- 378643
TI  - [Direct electron microscopic demonstration of virus veterinary medicine].

PMID- 378645
TI  - Buprenorphine: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic
      efficacy.
AB  - Buprenorphine, a derivative of the morphine alkaloid thebaine, is a strong
      analgesic with marked narcotic antagonist activity. In studies in relatively
      small groups of postoperative patients with moderate to severe pain, one or a few
      doses of buprenorphine parenterally (by intramuscular or slow intravenous
      injection) or sublingually were at least as effective as standard doses of other
      strong analgesics such as morphine, pethidine or pentazocine, and buprenorphine
      was longer acting than these agents. Only a small number of patients with chronic
      pain have received repeated doses, but in such patients there was no need for
      increased doses during several weeks to months of treatment. Buprenorphine
      appears to produce side effects which are similar to those seen with other
      morphine-like compounds, including respiratory depression. There is apparently no
      completely reliable specific antagonist for buprenorphine's respiratory
      depressant effect, since even very high doses of the antagonist drug naloxone may
      produce only a partial reversal. The respiratory stimulant drug doxapram has
      overcome respiratory depression in volunteers and in a few patients in a clinical
      setting, but such studies have not been done in an overdose situation. Animal
      studies and a direct addiction study in a few volunteers suggest that the
      dependence liability of buprenorphine may be lower than that of other older
      morphine-like drugs. However, a slowly emerging abstinence syndrome did occur on
      withdrawal after very high doses administered for 1 to 2 months. A definitive
      statement on the drug's dependence liability and abuse potential cannot be made
      until it has had much wider use for a longer period of time.

PMID- 378644
TI  - Drug prescribing in renal failure.
AB  - Drug prescribing for patients with renal failure should incorporate adjustment of
      dosage regimens in order to avoid accumulation and thus adverse effects. Drugs
      usually eliminated by the kidneys require the most modification. Since immediate
      therapeutic efficacy is of importance, the initial or loading dose is essentially
      unaltered for patients with renal dysfunction. Maintenance doses can be adjusted
      by either lengthening the interval between doses of by reducing the size of
      individual doses. In clinical practice, a combination of both methods is used.
      Serum levels should be used as guides whenever possible. In interpreting these
      levels, recognition of decreased plasma protein binding and prolonged elimination
      half-lives in renal failure is imperative. In patients requiring dialysis,
      consideration must be given to adjustments for drug removal by the artificial
      membrane. Small molecules unbound to proteins are most easily removed. Specific
      guidelines for therapy with common drugs prescribed for patients with renal
      failure are given. These include: (1) narcotics and analgesics; (2)
      psychotherapeutic drugs; (3) cardiovascular drugs; and (4) antimicrobial agents.

PMID- 378646
TI  - Mexiletine: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy
      in arrhythmias.
AB  - Mexiletine is a new local anaesthetic antiarrhythmic agent whose chemical
      structure and electrophysiological properties closely resemble those of
      lignocaine although its anticonvulsant and pharmacokinetic properties differ from
      that drug. Unlike lignocaine (lidocaine) it is active following oral
      administration with a plasma half-life varying between 8 and 20 hours so that it
      can be administered twice or three times daily to sustain therapeutic plasma
      levels. The drug is effective when given intravenously or by the oral route in
      controlling ventricular arrhythmias especially following acute myocardial
      infarction but the side effects are greater during parenteral administration.
      Side effects during chronic oral therapy with mexiletine have not posed a serious
      problem. Mexiletine has the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of an
      agent suitable for the chronic oral prophylaxis of serious ventricular
      arrhythmias in patients with ischaemic heart disease.

PMID- 378647
TI  - Drug prescribing in hepatobiliary disease.
AB  - Liver disease in man is associated with a variety of pathophysiological processes
      which may influence the disposition of drugs in several ways. Interpretation of
      the observed pharmacokinetic changes in liver disease requires an understanding
      of the relationship between systemic drug clearance (Cls), volume of distribution
      (Vd) and the elimination half-life [t1/2(beta)], i.e. t1/2(beta) = 0.693 .
      Vd/Cls. Half-life will be a measure of the fluctuation in drug level one may
      expect with continued administration of a drug while clearance will determine the
      dose required to achieve a particular steady state level. Liver disease may
      affect clearance and volume of distribution and so produce changes in half-life;
      in addition, alterations in plasma binding of drugs may occur and so influence
      free (unbound) drug levels. It is also possible that the end organ response,
      particularly in the case of sedative drugs, may be affected by liver disease.
      Other factors such as age, nutrition, smoking, and concomitant drug therapy may
      also influence drug elimination in patients with liver disease. At the present
      time, caution should be exercised in prescribing drugs to patients with liver
      disease and the dose should be titrated to the clinical response. The development
      of liver 'function' tests using model or marker drugs may offer some help to the
      prescriber in the future and enable a less empirical approach.

PMID- 378649
TI  - Use of bromocriptine in hyperprolactinaemic anovulation and related disorders.
AB  - Bromocriptine has been successfully used to treat hyperprolactinaemic disorders
      of ovulation; treatment with 5.0 to 7.5 mg daily results in normalisation of
      serum prolactin concentration and restoration of ovulatory menstruation in most
      patients with hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea. It is equally
      effective in hyperprolactinaemic patients with pituitary tumours as in those with
      normal pituitary x-rays, but the choice of bromocriptine as primary treatment in
      the former group (especially in those patients who desire pregnancy) is a matter
      of some controversy and requires careful judgement. Bromocriptine has also been
      used, with reported success, in infertility associated with luteal insufficiency,
      the polycystic ovary syndrome, normoprolactinaemic amenorhoea and ovulatory
      infertility. However, its role in the treatment of these disorders will remain
      uncertain until more extensive, adequately controlled clinical trials are
      availabe.

PMID- 378648
TI  - Use of bromocriptine in the inhibition of puerperal lactation.

PMID- 378650
TI  - Bromocriptine in the treatment of hypogonadism and male impotence.
AB  - A rapid, practical diagnostic scheme is the key to selecting proper candidates
      for treatment with bromocriptine. The evaluation centres around assays for
      prolactin and follicle stimulating hormone, polytomography and computerised axial
      tomography of the sella turcica and parasellar regions, and the ergot alkaloid,
      bromocriptine. Additionally, bromocriptine is of significant value in the
      treatment of men and women with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. Approximately 80%
      of patients with hypogonadotrophic hypogadism and hyperprolactinaemia will
      respond favorably to bromocriptine therapy. In women who conceive during such
      treatment there appears to be no increase in the rate of spontaneous abortion, of
      multiple gestations or of congenital anomalies. Bromocriptine appears to be of
      little value in the treatment of male impotence unless hyperprolactinaemia is a
      component of the disease. Side affects are usually mild and transient. Following
      the discontinuation of therapy most patients have a recurrence of
      hyperprolactinaemia and hypogonadism.

PMID- 378651
TI  - Bromocriptine in the treatment of acromegaly.

PMID- 378652
TI  - Prolactin: role in health and disease.

PMID- 378653
TI  - [Therapy of chronic hepatitis (author's transl)].
AB  - The favorable effect of glucocorticoids on the development of the chronic active
      hepatitis is statistically proved on the basis of the amelioration of the
      survival rate in controlled studies. The so-called lupoid hepatitis is
      significantly better influenced than the HBs-Ag positive chronic hepatitis. By
      additional therapy with azathioprine it is possible to reduce the dose of
      glucocorticoids. Therefore it is better to combine glucocorticoids and
      azathioprine in some cases, especially in those with a high dosed glucocorticoid
      therapy. Further prospective studies are necessary to check more precisely the
      therapeutic effect of the different remedies. The effect of D-penicillamine is
      vague. A treatment with chloroquine is indicated in cases with contraindications
      again glucocorticoids and azathioprine.

PMID- 378654
TI  - Glicentin immunoreactive cells: their relationship to glucagon-producing cells.
AB  - The cellular and subcellular localization of one of the gut glucagon-like
      immunoreactants (GLI-1 or glicentin) and the relative distribution of glicentin-
      and glucagon-containing cells were investigated by immunocytochemistry. By
      immunofluorescence, the antiglicentin serum, which does not react with glucagon,
      revealed positive cells in the islets of Langerhans and in the gut mucosa,
      particularly in the terminal ileum and colon. In the intestinal mucosa, it was
      proven ultrastructurally that the glicentin immunoreactive cells correspond to
      the L cell and that the secretory granules represent the storage compartment of
      the immunoreactive material. In pancreatic islets, consecutive semithin sections
      treated with antiglicentin and specific antiglucagon sera showed that the same A
      cell population reacted with both sera, while immunoperoxidase staining on thin
      sections revealed that the immunoreactive material was confined to the secretory
      granules. The same results were obtained on dog oxyntic mucosa, where the
      glicentin- and glucagon-containing cells were identified as the gastric A cell.
      The immunocytochemical demonstration of a common glicentin-like material in the A
      and L cells together with the known presence of a common immunoreactant in
      glicentin and glucagon strongly support the idea that the A and L cells are
      ontogenetically related and synthesize their secretory product via a glicentin
      like precursor which, by specific cleavage, could yield glucagon and gut glucagon
      like immunoreactants.

PMID- 378655
TI  - The Ninth Sir Hans Krebs Lecture. Compartmentation and communication in living
      systems. Ligand conduction: a general catalytic principle in chemical, osmotic
      and chemiosmotic reaction systems.
AB  - Chemical reactions, like osmotic reactions, are transport processes when looked
      at in detail. Chemical catalysis by enzymes or catalytic carriers, and osmotic
      catalysis by porters, may be conceived as occurring by specific ligand-conduction
      mechanisms. In chemiosmotic reaction systems, the pathways of specific ligand
      conduction are spatially orientated through anisotropic enzyme and catalytic
      carrier complexes in which the reactions of chemical group transfer occur as
      vectorial diffusion processes of group translocation down gradients of group
      potential that represent real spatially-directed fields of chemical force. Thus,
      it is easier to explain biochemistry in terms of transport than it is to explain
      transport in terms of biochemistry.

PMID- 378657
TI  - Respiratory nitrate reductase: its localization in the cytoplasmic membrane of
      Klebsiella aerogenes and Bacillus licheniformis.
AB  - The sidedness of the respiratory nitrate reductase in the cytoplasmic membrane of
      Bacillus licheniformis and Klebsiella aerogenes was studied by indirect
      immunofluorescence and by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination. It was shown that
      the two subunits (Mr 150000 and 57000, respectively) of nitrate reductase of B.
      licheniformis are localized on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane, whereas the
      K. aerogenes enzyme is a transmembrane protein. The different localization of
      nitrate reductase in the membranes of these organisms may be related to their
      different role in oxidative phosphorylation.

PMID- 378656
TI  - Degradation of the DNA-binding domain of wild-type and i-d lac repressors in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - It has been shown that 28 transdominant mutant lac repressors which have lost
      operator DNA-binding ability in vivo and in vitro, but still bind inducer and are
      able to form tetramers (i-d repressors), could be divided into two groups by
      their capacity or incapacity to bind non-specifically to the phosphate groups of
      the DNA backbone. All but one of 15 analysed i-d repressors with amino acid
      substitutions to the C-terminal of residue 52 showed uneffected non-specific DNA
      binding. All 13 tested i-d repressors with amino acid substitutions to the N
      terminal of residue 53 did not bind to double-stranded DNA, and 11 of these
      repressors derived from missense mutations in the lacI gene were endogenously
      degraded. The degradation in vivo only affects the amino-terminal 50-60 residues
      producing a mutant-specific pattern of stable repressor fragments. These
      fragments are tetrameric and capable of binding inducer in vivo and in vitro. The
      proteolytic attack presumably takes place during synthesis of the i-d repressors,
      since the resulting fragments are stable, both in vivo (as shown by a pulse-chase
      experiment) and in vitro. The proteolysis in vivo depends on the growth
      conditions of the bacteria and is higher in cells grown in minimal media than in
      rich media. Wild-type repressor is only susceptible to limited proteolysis in
      cells grown in minimal media but not in cells grown in rich media. The results
      suggest that the majority of the sequence alterations before residue 53 in
      missense mutant i-d lac repressor proteins affect the three-dimensional structure
      of the amino-terminal DNA-binding domain of the repressor protein, making it
      susceptible to proteolytic attack by one or several intracellular proteases.

PMID- 378658
TI  - Characterization of pepsin fragments of basement membrane collagen obtained from
      a mouse tumor.

PMID- 378659
TI  - Demonstration by membrane reconstitution of a butanol-soluble intermediate in the
      biosynthesis of the O9 antigen of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The activity in vitro of the mannan-synthesizing system of Escherichia coli O9
      depends on the presence of glucose in the growth medium of the bacteria. Inactive
      membranes of E. coli strain F988 grown without gain mannan-synthesizing activity
      by reconstitution with a butanol extract obtained from the same bacteria grown
      with glucose. Inactive membranes could also be restored to biosynthetic activity
      by incubation with UDP-glucose in the presence of magnesium chloride. In this
      magnesium-ion-dependent reaction, a glucolipid was formed which was extractable
      with butanol. It could be used for the reconstitution of inactive membranes. The
      products of incubations with GDP-mannose of reconstituted and active membranes
      were analysed for electrophoretic mobility in sodium
      dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, molecular weight and
      composition. In all cases they proved to be the mannan attached to a hydrophobic
      mannose carrier, presumably a glucolipid. These results suggest that a glucolipid
      is the intermediary mannose acceptor in the biosynthesis of the O9 antigen.

PMID- 378661
TI  - Cooperative binding of alpha subunits to the Apo-beta2 subunit of tryptophan
      synthase from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 378660
TI  - Formate-nitrite reduction in Escherichia coli K12. 2. Identification of
      components involved in the electron transfer.

PMID- 378662
TI  - Reversible inactivation of tRNA nucleotidyltransferase from baker's yeast by
      tRNAPhe containing iodoacetamide-alkylated 2-thiocytidine in normal and
      additional positions.
AB  - 2-Thiocytidine 5'-triphosphate, s2CTP, is able to replace CTP as a substrate for
      tRNA nucleotidyltransferase. s2CMP can be incorporated into both cytidine sites
      of the C-C-A terminus common to all tRNAs, and in the absence of ATP into at
      least two additional positions. This was shown by alkylation of the 2
      thiocytidine residues with iodo[14C]acetamide, total nucleoside analysis,
      microgel electrophoresis and analysis of RNase T1 fragments of these tRNAs. The
      incorporation of the 3'-terminal AMP is not influenced by the additional s2CMP
      residues at pH 9.0. However, at pH 7.6 the additional s2CMP residues are
      hydrolysed and AMP can be incorporated into the normal position. Two different
      tRNAs with terminal 2-thiocytidine alkylated by iodoacetamide inhibit tRNA
      nucleotidyltransferase. This inhibition is significantly slower if an elongated
      species is used compared to a tRNA with alkylated 2-thiocytidine in the normal
      position 75. The addition of 2-mercaptoethanol reactivates the enzyme and leads
      to a cytidine containing tRNA. This reaction identifies the attacking nucleophile
      of the enzyme as cysteine residue, which is probably identical to a cysteine
      residue found in a similar experiment reported previously. The mechanism of the
      enzymatic and chemical reactions is discussed.

PMID- 378663
TI  - Protein S1 from Escherichia coli ribosomes: an improved isolation procedure and
      shape determination by small-angle X-ray scattering.
AB  - Ribosomal protein S1 from Escherichia coli was studied in solution by small-angle
      X-ray scattering and the following parameters were obtained. The radius of
      gyration R = 8.0 +/- 0.2 nm; largest diameter D = 28 nm; molecular weight = (8-
      9) x 10(4). The data also yielded (with the assumption of a rigid particle with
      almost constant electron density) two radii of gyration of cross-section Rq1 =
      2.5 +/- 0.1 nm and Rq2 = 1.05 +/- 0.05 nm and molecular volume = 140 nm3. The
      experimental scattering curve of S1 was compared with the theoretical scattering
      curves for several rigid triaxial homogeneous bodies and the closest fit was
      given by that of a flat elliptical cylinder with the dimensions of 4.5 nm and
      0.88 nm for the two semiaxes and 26.5 nm for height. The results from the present
      X-ray scattering studies and those from limited proteolytic digestion of protein
      S1 [J. Mol. Biol. 127, 41--54, (1979)] support the notion that the structure of
      protein S1 is organized into two distinct subdomains within its elongated overall
      shape. Protein S1 was purified for this study by an efficient procedure which
      yielded 12 mg S1/g ribosomes. The isolated protein was fully active in functional
      tests both before and after X-ray irradiation.

PMID- 378664
TI  - Procaine, a local anesthetic interacting with the cell membrane, inhibits the
      processing of precursor forms of periplasmic proteins in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Treatment of Escherichia coli cells with procaine (0.55%, w/v) results in the
      accumulation of precursor in addition to mature forms of two periplasmic
      proteins, alkaline phosphatase and glutamine-binding protein. The precursor form
      of alkaline phosphatase has a higher molecular weight than the mature form by
      about 2600. An experimental technique is described to isolate and purify
      precursor forms of any presumably exported protein. After the membrane
      solubilization step in the presence of nonionic detergent, a peptidase is
      stimulated, resulting in partial cleavage of the precursors. The products of this
      cleavage have been identified as the mature protein and presumably the signal
      peptide in the case of alkaline phosphatase. The amino acid composition of this
      peptide, which is comprised of 25 residues, has been determined. Procaine (0.55%,
      w/v) causes an increase in molecular packing of lipid molecules in the membrane
      which might result in an alteration of membrane fluidity sufficient for selective
      inhibition of processing of precursors of exported proteins.

PMID- 378665
TI  - Affinity chromatography of tryptophan synthase from Escherichia coli. Systematic
      studies with immobilized tryptophanol phosphate.
AB  - Inhibition studies and affinity chromatography indicate that derivatives of
      tryptophanol phosphate are suitable ligands for the affinity chromatography of
      tryptophan synthase. A phenyl group on the spacer arm strengthens the interaction
      of immobilized tryptophanol phosphate with the enzyme. The alpha 2 beta 2 complex
      specifically requires the presence of 0.3--0.5 M phosphate ions for binding. The
      alpha subunit binds in dilute Tris buffer, but its binding is also enhanced by
      the presence of phosphate ions. The beta 2 subunit binds unspecifically but
      strongly to the affinity material and to a variety of other immobilized
      hydrophobic ligands. Binding studies with suspensions of affinity material show
      that the alpha subunit interacts rapidly and reversibly. Indoleglycerol phosphate
      and indolepropanol phosphate release bound alpha 2 beta 2 complex and alpha
      subunit in a competitive manner, indicating that the interaction occurs
      biospecifically, i.e. via the active site of alpha subunit. L-Serine is a non
      competitive inhibitor of binding. These results are discussed with regard to the
      composite-active-site hypothesis [T. E. Creighton (1970) Eur. J. Biochem, 13, 1-
      10]. Both the alpha subunit and the alpha 2 beta 2 complex of tryptophan synthase
      from Escherichia coli can be obtained with high yields and in homogenous form by
      absorption to the affinity material from partially purified preparations. Elution
      is achieved with linear gradients either of indolepropanol phosphate or of
      indoleglycerol phosphate or, in the case of the complex, of L-serine. At the low
      concentrations of the complex found in crude extracts of wild-type E. coli cells,
      the unexpectedly high affinity of the beta 2 subunit for hydrophobic ligands
      leads to partial dissociation of the complex.

PMID- 378666
TI  - IgE in patients with glomerulonephritis and minimal-change nephrotic syndrome.
AB  - Serum levels of IgE were studied in 30 children with minimal-change nephrotic
      syndrome and 32 children with mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis during
      different stages of the disease and treatment. In addition, tissue obtained by
      renal biopsy was investigated by immunofluorescence histology; no deposits of IgE
      could be found. The serum IgE levels, however, were increased, particularly in
      patients with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome. It is concluded that IgE does
      not play a pathogenic role in the development of the renal disease, but that
      increased IgE levels are an indication of a disturbance of the immune system.

PMID- 378667
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Infection of infancy or childhood?
AB  - A 51-year-old man who died of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), had transient
      dyskinesias with intention myoclonus and exaggerated startle reaction in early
      life. This may suggest a link between myoclonic encephalopathy of infants and
      CJD, and an incubation period of more than 40 years of the transmissible agent of
      CJD.

PMID- 378668
TI  - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Immunological findings in saliva and
      salivary glands.
AB  - Antimeasles antibody was detected in the saliva of 14 patients with subacute
      sclerosing panencephalitis. Immunofluorescent staining showed antibody in salvary
      gland biopsy of 7 patients.

PMID- 378669
TI  - Analysis of 330 necro-kidney-allografts. A review of the transplantation activity
      at the Zurich University Hospital 1964--1975, observed until 1977.

PMID- 378670
TI  - Dose response relationship of clenbuterol (NAB 365) as a solution for inhalation.
AB  - The dose-response relationship of the new bronchodilator Clenbuterol (NAB 365,
      Boehringer Ingelheim) was tested in 12 patients with chronic obstructive lung
      disease. Clenbuterol is a beta-2-sympathicomimetic, from a series of substituted
      phenylethanolamines, and it is characterised by good absorption and prolonged
      action after systemic administration. The action of four different doses of
      Clenbuterol inhalation solution (6, 12, 24, and 48 microgram corresponding to 2,
      4, 8 and 16 drops of a 0.006% solution) was assessed after a single inhalation on
      4 successive days. The parameters monitored were bronchial resistance and FEV.
      The effect of all four doses was the same, both in respect of improvement in FEV
      and of decrease in bronchial resistance. The increase in expiratory volume and
      the decrease in bronchial resistance lasted for 6 h. The results show that for
      inhalation therapy Clenbuterol is a potent, selective bronchodilator, which is
      largely free of sideeffects. It has still to be determined whether a maximal
      effect could be achieved with a lower dose 6 microgram.

PMID- 378671
TI  - Comparison of once and twice daily administration of sotalol in the treatment of
      hypertension.
AB  - Thirty patients with mild to sever essential hypertension, satisfactorily
      controlled by twice daily Sotalol 80 to 320mg/day, entered a double-blind,
      crossover study comparing the efficacy, tolerability and safety of their usual
      twice daily dose of Sotalol with the same total dose given once a daily. Each
      double-blind period was eight weeks long; during it blood pressure and pulse rate
      were measured in each patient's home at 8-10 a.m., 12-2 p.m. and 8-10 p.m., on
      alternate days during the last week of each treatment period. There was no
      significant difference in bloodpressure or pulse rate betwen each regime for the
      three readings during the day. The mean serum concentration of Sotalol twenty
      four hours after once daily administration was not sigificantly lower than the
      concentration 12 h after twice daily administration. Once daily dosage did not
      cause any problems of tolerance.

PMID- 378672
TI  - Influence of metoprolol, alone and in combination with a thiazide diuretic, on
      blood pressure, plasma volume, extracellular volume and glomerular filtration
      rate in essential hypertension.

PMID- 378673
TI  - Comparative antiarrhythmic efficacy of intravenous N-acetylprocainamide and
      procainamide.
AB  - Ten patients with persistent ventricular arrhythmia were studied in a comparison
      of the antiarrhythmic efficacy of N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA) and procainamide
      (PA). Each patient performed three exercise tests for 40 min., on different days,
      with submaximal and fixed work loads. During the first exercise test no drug was
      administered. During the following two tests PA and NAPA, respectively, were
      administered by intravenous infusion. The electrocardiogram was continously
      recorded and was analyzed minute by minute. Blood samples for determination of
      plasma drug concentration were frequently collected. Exercise alone did not
      significantly change the incidence of arrhythmia. Both PA and NAPA showed a
      similar and significant antiarrhythmic effect. A blood pressure fall was seen in
      two patients after administration of each drug. No other adverse reaction was
      observed.

PMID- 378675
TI  - PGF2 alpha stimulates release of PGE2 and PGI2 in the isolated perfused rat
      heart.

PMID- 378674
TI  - Factors affecting warfarin requirements. A prospective population study.
AB  - In 228 ambulatory patients receiving treatment with warfarin, there was a
      progressive decline in the dose required to produce an equivalent degree of
      anticoagulant control with increasing age from the third decade onwards. However,
      the relationship between age and dose was significant only in patients receiving
      warfarin after episodes of venous thromboembolism or because of coronary artery
      disease. Patient weight was also related to warfarin requirements, although it
      was less important a determinant than age.

PMID- 378676
TI  - The effect of antigen priming on immunological response regulation in aging.

PMID- 378677
TI  - Trypanosoma lewisi: alterations in membrane function in the rat.

PMID- 378679
TI  - Plasmodium falciparum: continuous cultivation in a semiautomated apparatus.

PMID- 378678
TI  - Trypanosoma cruzi: defined medium for continuous cultivation of virulent
      parasites.

PMID- 378680
TI  - Endothelial injury and atherosclerosis.

PMID- 378681
TI  - Recent advances in endometrial neoplasia.

PMID- 378682
TI  - An annotated bibliography of the remarried, the living together, and their
      children.
AB  - This bibliography was developed by the Remarried Consultation Center of the
      Jewish Board of Family and Children's Services of New York City for our own use.
      Because there is a growing interest in remarriage and the new types of families
      this social phenomenon creates, we became convinced that the meager number of
      articles and books in this area would be of interest to others. We have focused
      our attention on the now common phenomenon of the remarried and those living
      together in a committed relationship situation. Some articles that were not
      designed as studies of remarriage situations are included because their content
      is pertinent to our subject. The bibliography is divided into six sections to
      facilitated reference use. It should be noted, however, that these sections are
      not rigid and that some items could readily have been included under two or more
      sections. Articles included cover publication dates through April 1978. The six
      sections are: I. Demography; II. Remarried Couples; III. Stepparents and
      Stepchildren; IV. Divorce as a Precursor to Remarriage; V. Children of Divorce in
      Relation to Remarriage; VI. Remarriage-Prophylactic and Therapeutic Aspects.
      Unfortunately we did not find sufficient material to warrant a section on
      theoretical aspects. We have tried to make this bibliography as complete as
      possible using two computer retrieval systems as well as our own search of the
      literature. If you are familiar with references we have missed, we should
      appreciate hearing from you.

PMID- 378683
TI  - [Creation and practical introduction of plant drug agents].

PMID- 378684
TI  - [Lespedeza (Lespedeza Rich.): its distribution, chemical composition and use].

PMID- 378685
TI  - [Characteristics of the reaction of the child's body to cardiac glycosides].

PMID- 378686
TI  - [Current status of the photoluminescent method of analysis in pharmacy].

PMID- 378687
TI  - Effects of metformin on plasma glucose, insulin, FFA, glucagon, growth hormone
      and cortisol responses to oral glucose in subjects with chemical diabetes.

PMID- 378688
TI  - Release of surface antigens of Candida albicans after treatment with
      pyrrolnitrin.

PMID- 378689
TI  - Serum protein binding of diphenylhydantoin in man. II. Interaction with sodium
      valproate in epileptic patients.

PMID- 378690
TI  - [Therapeutical prospects of a piperonylpiperazine derivative (Pifarnine) in
      gastroduodenal diseases in the aged].

PMID- 378691
TI  - Simultaneous determination of di-n-propylacetic acid and ethosuximide in plasma
      by gas liquid chromatography.

PMID- 378693
TI  - The structural basis of the functioning of bacteriorhodopsin: an overview.

PMID- 378692
TI  - More histone structures.

PMID- 378694
TI  - Polyuridylic acid-dependent binding of fMet-tRNA to Escherichia coli ribosomes
      and incorporation of formylmethionine into polyphenylalanine.

PMID- 378695
TI  - The changes in cell size and phospholipid composition during growth of a chain
      forming envC mutant of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 378696
TI  - The glucose-induced inactivation of aminopeptidase I in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 378697
TI  - Binding of the competitive inhibitor S-(p-bromobenzyl)-glutathione to glyoxalase
      I from yeast.

PMID- 378698
TI  - Phosphate transport and ATP synthesis in yeast mitochondria: effect of a new
      inhibitor: the tribenzylphosphate.

PMID- 378699
TI  - The donor site of the peptidyltransferase center of ribosomes: equilibrium
      association constants of model substrates and inhibitors.

PMID- 378700
TI  - Low level chemiluminescence of intact polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

PMID- 378701
TI  - Isolation and characterization of actin-like protein from yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.

PMID- 378702
TI  - Fibronectin and procollagen produced by a clonal line of Schwann cells.

PMID- 378703
TI  - Elimination of promoter function by base modification of DNA.

PMID- 378704
TI  - Construction and characterization of the two hybrid Co1E1 plasmids carrying
      Escherichia coli tufB gene.

PMID- 378705
TI  - S-Adenosylmethionine inhibits Ca2+ uptake into Escherichia coli membrane
      vesicles.

PMID- 378706
TI  - Use of antibody Fab' fragments to remove interference by rheumatoid factors with
      the enzyme-linked sandwich immunoassay.

PMID- 378708
TI  - Cleavage sites of restriction endonucleases EcoRI, BamHI and HindIII on chicken
      embryo rDNA.

PMID- 378707
TI  - Photoinactivation of peptidyl transferase binding sites.

PMID- 378709
TI  - Masked proteolytic activity localized in the outer membrane of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 378710
TI  - The possible role of catabolic plasmids in bacterial steroid degradation.

PMID- 378711
TI  - Evolutionary relationships of the gut hormones.
AB  - Peptides identical or related to mammalian gut hormones occur widely, not just in
      gut endocrine cells but also in central or peripheral nerves, amphibian skin
      glands, and a variety of invertebrate tissues. The dual distribution in brain and
      gut was probably already established early in the vertebrate line;
      representatives of the oldest vertebrate group, the cyclostomes, have
      cholecystokinin-like factors in gut endocrine cells and in brain. The related
      sequences of certain gut peptides, notably gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK), and
      secretin, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and gastric
      inhibitory peptide (GIP), indicate evolution from common ancestral molecules by
      gene duplication and divergence. Functionally important residues are conserved.
      Thus the COOH-terminal pentapeptide common to gastrin and CCK also contains their
      minimal active fragment. There are also evolutionary changes at the level of the
      target organ receptor mechanisms: these are also evolutionary changes at the
      level of the target organ receptor mechanisms; these are illustrated by evidence
      suggesting that secretin regulates the flow of pancreatic juice in mammals
      whereas the structurally related peptide VIP has a similar role in birds.

PMID- 378713
TI  - Progress and therapy of stress amenorrhea.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with stress amenorrhea of less than 1 years duration were
      found to have withdrawal bleeding after progestin administration, normal serum
      follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, and good
      responsiveness to LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH); ovulation was induced following
      the admininstration of clomiphene citrate. On the other hand, in 11 of 14
      patients with stress amenorrhea of longer than 1 years duration, no bleeding
      followed the administration of progestin, and there were noted high serum FSH and
      LH levels, exaggerated release responsiveness to LH-RH, and atrophic vaginal
      smears and endometrium. In addition, it was difficult to induce ovulation by
      various treatments. The findings suggest that dysfunction in the hypothalamic
      cyclic (not tonic) center regulating ovulation was the originating factor in the
      amenorrhea in question and that ovulation should be induced at least once yearly
      to prevent ovarian function from declining in this type of anovulatory state
      existing for more than 1 year.

PMID- 378712
TI  - Oral contraceptives and neoplasia.

PMID- 378714
TI  - A method for specific detection of autoantibodies to the zona pellucida in
      infertile women.
AB  - Human antibodies to porcine erythrocytes were found to bind to porcine but not to
      human zonae pellucidae, whereas human isohemagglutinins bound to human but not to
      porcine zonae. On the basis of the binding behavior of agglutinins, it was found
      that the immunofluorescence of porcine zonae produced by selected sera from
      infertile women was due to an antibody of different specifity from that which
      agglutinated pig red blood cells. However, no serum component other than
      heteroagglutinin was contained in selected sera from control subjects which
      fluoresced porcine zonae. Since the component was present in the immunoglobulin G
      fraction, bound to human zonae, and was reactive with zona-specific antigen(s),
      it was judged an autoantibody to zonae. Thus a method for specific detection of
      autoantibodies to zonae has been developed by indirect membrane
      immunofluorescence using porcine ova as targets.

PMID- 378715
TI  - Morphologic characteristics of the chemically induced acrosome reaction in human
      spermatozoa.
AB  - The morphologic changes accompanying the acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa,
      as it is induced by the antibiotic A23187 and calcium ions, are described. The
      reaction is shown to be similar to that observed in other species when the
      reaction occurs spontaneously or is induced by physiologic fluids. The reaction
      in human spermatozoa differs from the chemically induced reaction in other
      species in that plasma membrane microfilaments, prominent in the boar, and
      tubular-like elements prominent in boar, rabbit, and monkey sperm, are not
      observed. Motility remains high when human spermatozoa are treated with A23187
      and calcium and it is possible that these agents may be useful in the study of
      certain causes of infertility.

PMID- 378716
TI  - [Vladimir Antonovich Pegel'. On his 70th birthday].

PMID- 378717
TI  - [Further analysis of the role of the nervous system and hormones of the
      gastrointestinal tract in gastric secretion].

PMID- 378718
TI  - In vitro lymphocytes stimulation with scarlet fever toxin.
AB  - Rabbit peripheral blood, spleen and thymus lymphocytes were stimulated in vitro
      with scarlet fever toxin. The ultrastructure of stimulated blast cells was
      described; the morphological features of these cells are similar to those of T
      lymphoblasts. 3H-thymidine incorporation into lymphocytes stimulated with ET or
      PHA was studied in correlation with blast formation. Some quantitative
      discrepancies between both parameters are discussed.

PMID- 378719
TI  - Resistance of transplantation tolerance to X-irradiation.
AB  - With regard to the previous finding that suppressor cells participating in the
      state of transplantation tolerance were radiosensitive, the possibility was
      investigated whether tolerance can be abolished by irradiation. In the rat model
      used (AVN recipients, Lewis donors), both neonatally induced tolerance and
      tolerance induced in adult life by the transfer of suppressor cells were found to
      be radioresistant.

PMID- 378720
TI  - Are histocompatibility antigens in neonatal skin grafts truly tolerogenic?
AB  - Neonatal skin grafts across a weak histocompatibility barrier (MSA-incompatible)
      were used only for sensitization of the recipients whose responsiveness was then
      tested in two different assays. On the basis of 1. functional inactivation of PEC
      in a PEC transfer system and 2. inhibition of macrophage migration. The
      difference between neonatal and adult skin grafts turned out to be quantitative
      rather than qualitative, i.e., both induced sensitization whose demonstration
      with the neonatal grafts required more sensitive techniques and/or more
      favourable timing because it was weaker. The possible nature of the difference,
      which was occasionally interpreted as being due to a tolerogenic rather than
      immunogenic activity of neonatal grafts, is discussed.

PMID- 378721
TI  - Streptococcus laboratory closing.

PMID- 378722
TI  - The use of model life tables to estimate mortality for the United States in the
      late nineteenth century.
AB  - This paper seeks to extend our knowledge about mortality in the late nineteenth
      century United States by using census mortality data for older children and
      teenagers to fit model tables. The same method can also be used with partially
      underregistered death data. The most commonly used model tables, the Coale and
      Demeny West Model, apparently do not adequately depict the changing shape of
      mortality over the period 1850--1910. An alternative model life table system is
      presented, based on the Brass two parameter logit system and available reliable
      life tables from the period 1850--1910. The two parameter system must be reduced
      to a one parameter system by means of estimated relationships between the
      parameters so that the fitting procedure can be used. The resulting model system
      is, however, heavily dependent on the experience of northern, industrial states,
      especially Massachusetts.

PMID- 378723
TI  - University of California School of Dentistry.

PMID- 378724
TI  - [Attempts at developing a syphilis vaccine (author's transl)].
AB  - Numerous investigators tried over the years to induce artifically immunity
      against syphilis by use of a variety of treponema preparations. None of these
      immunization experiments performed by different means and routes provided clear
      evidence of acquired immunity in animals and humans given various vaccine
      preparations against challenge with even minimal doses of virulent T. pallidum.
      In recent years, however, promising results have been obtained in the
      immunization study. Two types of syphilis vaccine have been developed which were
      found very effective in conferring a protection against syphilitic infection on
      rabbits: (1) the first vaccine contains T. pallidum attenuated by gamma
      irradiation, and the other one (2) contains T. pallidum killed by penicillin. In
      addition, it has been demonstrated that the immunogenic activity of T. pallidum
      is related to their very labile protein component. Pretty much is also known on
      the factors influencing the immune response of artificially immunized rabbits,
      and on the immunological mechanisms underlying the development of syphilis
      immunity.

PMID- 378725
TI  - The principles of enzymatic catalysis.

PMID- 378726
TI  - Finnish experiences with carbamazepine (Tegretol) in the treatment of acute
      withdrawal symptoms in alcoholics.

PMID- 378727
TI  - Alcohol withdrawal syndrome: treatment and assessment of therapeutic efficacy.
AB  - The acute alcohol withdrawal syndrome is a disease of many different symptoms.
      Although the metabolism of ethanol is well-known, no specific treatment of the
      withdrawal syndrome has been developed. When assessing the therapeutic efficacy
      of drugs in this syndrome one of the main symptoms to be followed is sleep
      disturbances, because inability to sleep often maintains the drinking cycle.
      Besides different target symptoms, the visual analogue scale and the ability to
      work are useful parameters. The assessment of the efficacy relies mainly on
      subjective parameters and comparisons with placebo are needed.

PMID- 378728
TI  - Clinical use of rifampicin in combination for non-mycobacterial infections: a
      survey of published evidence.
AB  - The literature on the clinical use of rifampicin in combination for the treatment
      of non-mycobacterial diseases is reviewed. From the published evidence, the most
      promising associations are, for staphylococcal infections, gentamicin,
      erythromycin, kanamycin and fusidic acid. In the field of Gram-negative
      infections, Psuedomonas-induced sepsis in particular, data are not so impressive
      but promising results have been obtained with the associated use of rifampicin
      and gentamicin or colistin. Some systemic fungal diseases may be successfully
      treated with rifampicin in combination with amphotericin-B. Although only few
      reports are available on this subject, the importance of such an application is
      stressed in view of the severity of these diseases and of the lack of appropriate
      treatments.

PMID- 378729
TI  - Comparison of clinical effects of propranolol (Inderal) with once daily slow
      release oxprenolol (Slow Trasicor) in angina pectoris.
AB  - In a double-blind, crossover, randomized study, the therapeutic effectiveness of
      a single daily dose of slow-release oxprenolol (160 mg/day) was compared with a
      conventional dosage schedule of propranolol (40 mg three times daily) in eighteen
      patients with uncomplicated, stable exercise-induced angina pectoris. Compared to
      control values both drugs produced equipotent reduction in the frequency and
      severity of anginal attacks accompanied by a significant increase in exercise
      tolerance, a significant suppression of exercising heart rate and an appreciable
      reduction in the electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial ischaemia when
      tested on a treadmill. The possible advantages offered by a single dose treatment
      with slow-release oxprenolol are discussed.

PMID- 378730
TI  - Timolol and bendroflumethiazide in the treatment of hypertension.

PMID- 378731
TI  - Comparison of a once daily long-acting formulation of propranolol with
      conventional propranolol given twice daily in patients with mild to moderate
      hypertension.
AB  - The effect of conventional propranolol tablets given twice daily has been
      compared with an equivalent dosage of a long-acting formulation of propranolol
      ('Inderal' LA)p given once daily in twenty-nine patients with mild to moderate
      hypertension. The study lasted 10 weeks. There was no significant difference in
      clinical response to the two treatments which were equally effective and well
      tolerated. A once daily dosage schedule should greatly aid patient compliance.

PMID- 378732
TI  - Double-blind comparison of maternal analgesia and neonatal neurobehaviour
      following intravenous butorphanol and meperidine.
AB  - Butorphanol (1 mg and 2 mg) and meperidine (40 mg and 80 mg), given
      intravenously, were evaluated for analgesic efficacy and safety in a double-blind
      randomized study employing 200 consenting pre-partum patients in moderate to
      severe pain during the late first stage of labour. Both drugs provided adequate
      relief of pain to the mothers. There was no significant difference in the rate of
      cervical dilation, the foetal heart rate, the Apgar score, pain relief or
      neonatal neurobehavioural scores betweeen those receiving butorphanol and those
      receiving meperidine. Twenty-two mothers who received butorphanol and eleven who
      received meperidine nursed their infants with no adverse effects observed. Side
      effects were generally infrequent in this study; however, more side-effects were
      reported by the patients and observed by the investigator in the meperidine
      treated cases (13%) than in the cases treated with butorphanol (2%).

PMID- 378733
TI  - A double-blind clinical study with Monydrin tablets in patients with non-allergic
      chronic rhinitis.
AB  - Oral combination preparations (antihistamine + sympathomimetic) are widely used
      for nasal and sinus congestion without the presence of allergy. The use of
      antihistamine in these cases may be questioned. Evaluation of the clinical effect
      of only a sympathomimetic agent on patients with nonallergic rhinitis is
      performed in a double-blind clinical study on seventy patients.
      Phenylpropanolamine (50 mg and 100 mg) was compared with placebo. It was found
      that 100 mg phenylpropanolamine was significantly more active than 50 mg or
      placebo administered orally as a sustained-release tablet twice daily. No side
      effects such as CNS stimulation and influence on blood pressure were seen at any
      of the dose levels.

PMID- 378734
TI  - Analgesic combinations with orphenadrine in oral post-surgical pain.
AB  - Two hundred male and female patients underwent a variety of oral surgical
      procedures and were treated afterwards in four test groups. They took a
      combination of orphenadrine (25 mg) and acetaminophen (325 mg), either drug
      alone, or placebo. A double-blind study design was used. All patients had
      moderately severe baseline pain intensity; post-treatment pain relief was
      recorded at 30 minutes, one, two, four and six hours. A back-up analgesic
      (codeine-ASA) was made available if needed. Pain intensity difference (PID) and
      sums of pain intensity difference (SPID) were calculated using established
      analgesic study techniques. Statistical analyses indicated better analgesic
      efficacy in both PID and SPID scores for the orphenadrine-acetaminophen
      combination over the three other treatments. This was evident at 30 minutes and
      continued through the sixth hour. Each active drug, in turn, was also
      significantly better throughout than placebo for pain relief. Sub-groups in each
      treatment regimen required additional pain relief prior to six hours, with
      significantly more placebo than orphenadrine-acetaminophen patients needing
      remedication. Side-effect incidence was very low and randomly distributed among
      the four groups.

PMID- 378735
TI  - Comparative clinical trial of amoxycillin and chloramphenicol in the treatment of
      typhoid in adults.
AB  - A randomized clinical trial in sixty-two adult patients suffering from typhoid
      fever, proved by blood and marrow culture, showed that amoxycillin in a dosage
      schedule of 1 g 8-hourly orally for fourteen days was better than chloramphenicol
      with regard to clinical and temperature response and in respect of carriers and
      relapse rates. One patient developed a hypersensitivity reaction to amoxycillin
      which cleared on withdrawal of the drug. Success was achieved in 90% of cases.
      These findings lend very strong support to the value of amoxycillin as a superior
      alternative to chloramphenicol in the treatment of typhoid fever.

PMID- 378736
TI  - Interaction of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, cyproterone acetate and
      arginine vasotocin on plasma levels of luteinizing hormone in intact and
      castrated adult male rats.
AB  - Treatment of unanesthetized castrated adult male rats every 3 h for 48 h with
      either 5 microgram of arginine vasotocin (AVT) and/or 1 microgram luteinizing
      hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) caused a significant inhibition of plasma levels
      of luteinizing hormone (LH) and compared to castrated control rats receiving
      diluent only. However, the intravenous (iv) injection of 1 microgram of AVT into
      urethane-anesthetized male rats which had been castrated for 0, 24 or 48 h did
      not affect plasma levels of LH at 10, 20 or 60 min following injection compared
      to their respective diluent-treated castrated control rats. Similarly, the iv
      injection of either 100 ng, 1 microgram or 10 microgram AVT was unable to acutely
      affect plasma levels of LH in intact male rats. Following the iv injection of 2
      doses of 50 ng LRH spaced 1 h apart in anesthetized castrated male rats, 2 peaks
      of equal magnitude in plasma LH were noted. Castrated rats treated with 2
      injections spaced 1 h apart of LRH + AVT had significantly higher plasma levels
      of LH than did rats treated with LRH alone. In subsequent studies, both AVT and
      arginine vasopressin were observed to augment the plasma response of LH to an
      injection of LRH whereas oxytocin had no effect. A single injection of AVT + LRH
      significantly augmented the plasma titers of LH compared to levels observed in
      LRH-treated control rats as did a second injection 1 h later. The administration
      of cyproterone acetate sc for 2 days by itself had no effect on plasma LH but in
      conjunction with LRH caused a marked rise in plasma LH compared to intact rats
      treated with LRH alone. AVT in combination with LRH and cyproterone acetate
      caused a significant elevation in plasma LH at 60 min post-injection when
      compared to plasma levels of rats treated with LRH alone or the combination of
      LRH and cyproterone acetate. It is concluded that acute intravenous injections of
      AVT augment the LH-releasing activity of LRH; chronic treatment for 48 h,
      however, with LRH + AVT leads to a significant depression of plasma LH perhaps
      due to an exhaustion of the releasable pool of LH in the anterior pituitary.

PMID- 378737
TI  - Genetic control of transport loss during development of Aspergillus nidulans.

PMID- 378738
TI  - Remembrance of things past: observations on the development of behavior, then and
      now.

PMID- 378739
TI  - Digestion of gliadin peptides by intestinal mucosa from control or coeliac
      children.
AB  - Gliadin, subsequently treated with pepsin, trypsin and pancreatic extract was
      further digested by small-intestinal mucosal homogenates from 10 control or 8
      coeliac children. The amino acids liberated in the incubation mixture were
      measured and corrected for mucosal damage. In accordance with the data from the
      literature on adults, the total amount of amino acids released from gliadin
      peptides by the intestinal mucosa from children with active coeliac disease is
      significantly lower than that by the mucosa from control subjects. Qualitatively,
      however, no significant differences for the individual amino acids are observed
      with the exception of glutamine and proline, so that damaged coeliac mucosa
      liberates relatively more glutamine but less proline.

PMID- 378740
TI  - Microvascular permeability to albumin and glomerular filtration rate in diabetic
      and normal children.
AB  - In order to examine the permeability of microvessels in diabetic children, the
      glomerular filtration rate, urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta 2
      microglobulin, intravascular mass of albumin, and transcapillary escape rate of
      albumin were studied in 26 diabetic children without clinical signs of
      microangiopathy (age: 7-14 years; duration of disease: 3-14 years). Similar
      measurements were made in 28 healthy school children (age: 8-14 years). Mean
      glomerular filtration rate in the diabetic children was higher than in the normal
      children (138 versus 109 ml/min per 1.73 m2, p less than 0.01). Urinary excretion
      rates of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin did not differ in diabetics. Mean
      intravascular albumin mass in the diabetic girls (1.64 g/kg body weight) was
      lower (p less than 0.01) than in the diabetic boys (1.89 g/kg body weight) and
      also lower (p less than 0.02) than in the normal girls (1.94 g/kg body weight).
      Mean transcapillary escape rate of albumin in the twenty diabetics with duration
      of diabetes less than 10 years (7.14%/h) was lower (p less than 0.01) than that
      in normal children (8.90%/h); the escape rate showed a positive correlation with
      duration of diabetes (r=0.47; p less than 0.02). Thus glomerular filtration rate
      in diabetic children is elevated to the same extent as in adult short-term
      juvenile diabetics while the permeability of the glomerular membrane to
      macromolecules is normal. Interpretation of the results on intravascular albumin
      mass and transcapillary escape rate of albumin requires further investigation.

PMID- 378741
TI  - Long-term hormonal secretion from the autotransplanted sheep pancreas.
AB  - Seventy-five duct-ligated pancreatic segmental autotransplants were made into
      bipedicled skin loops on the necks of merino ewes by vascular suture to the
      carotid artery and jugular vein; the in situ pancreatic remnants apparently
      continued to function normally. Thirty-seven were found to be active hormone
      secretors (secretion-rate responses to Na butyrate greater than 1 mU/min for
      insulin or 5 ng/min for glucagon) when first tested approximately 1 month after
      transplantation; 12 remained active at 1 year, 5 at 2 years, and 4 at 3 years. At
      first testing, the responses were (mean +/- standard errors): insulin, 12.3 +/-
      2.52 mU/min; glucagon, 52.6 +/- 13.5 ng/min. It is concluded that this
      autotransplant can, on occasion, be relatively long-lived and that it is a useful
      model with which to study not only pancreatic physiology but also non
      immunological factors involved in survival of endocrine function in pancreatic
      transplants.

PMID- 378742
TI  - [Urinary sediment bacteriuria and enzymuria in the early diagnosis and prevention
      of pyelonephritis].

PMID- 378743
TI  - [Alternative treatment in pyelonephritis].

PMID- 378744
TI  - [The most common methods of study of blood platelets].

PMID- 378745
TI  - [Double-blind comparative study of indoprofen and ibuprofen in patients with
      osteoarthrosis].

PMID- 378746
TI  - [Clinical use of the combination prenoxidiazine-S-carboxy-methyl-cysteine].

PMID- 378747
TI  - [Prevention of cardiovascular malformations].

PMID- 378748
TI  - [Treatment of diabetes mellitus with a mixture of oral hypoglycemic agents].

PMID- 378749
TI  - [Centennial of the "germ theory and its applications to medicine and surgery",
      presented by Louis Pasteur in April of 1878].

PMID- 378750
TI  - [Research in the field of perinatal medicine].

PMID- 378751
TI  - [Unsatisfactory seroconversion in poliomyelitis and chickenpox in children
      immunized with 5 antigens].

PMID- 378752
TI  - [Trial of immuno-ultrastructural localization of HBe antigen in hepatocytes].

PMID- 378753
TI  - Substance P-, VIP-, and enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in the human vagus
      nerve.
AB  - The human vagus nerve has been investigated for the presence of substance P (SP),
      vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and enkephalin (ENK) using
      immunohistochemistry. After 0.5-4 hr of nerve ligation during surgical operations
      two right thoracic main truncs, two anterior subdiaphragmal trunks, and four
      anterior nerves of Latarjet were found to contain accumulation of immunoreactive
      material in nerve fibers above the ligation. Very high numbers of SP-, medium
      numbers of ENK-, and low number of VIP-immunoreactive fibers were seen. The
      relative proportions were similar at all levels studied. These data thus indicate
      the presence and axonal transport of SP-, ENK-, and VIP-like peptides in the
      human vagus nerve. Our observations in humans correlate well with results
      obtained from other species. Thus gastrointestinal vagal sensory mechanisms may
      be mediated by SP (and possibly VIP) and some motor mechanisms by ENK.

PMID- 378754
TI  - Treatment of cirrhosis with colchicine. A double-blind randomized trial.
AB  - As part of a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the effect of
      colchicine on liver cirrhosis, 43 cirrhotic patients were assigned to either a
      placebo (20 patients) or a colchicine (23 patients) treatment group. Colchicine 1
      mg and an indistinguishable placebo were administered orally on a daily dose 5
      days a week. In the colchicine group, 12 were males and 11 females, while in the
      control group 13 were males and 7 females. The time elapsed between diagnosis and
      inclusion in the study was 14.1 mo for the controls and 14.5 mo for the patients
      on colchicine. Mortality related to the liver disease occurred in 4 patients on
      colchicine and 8 patients on placebo. Although the probability of surviving in
      the colchicine group was greater than that of the placebo, the difference did not
      reach statistically significant levels. Of the colchicine-treated patients, in
      three a remarkable decrease in liver fibrosis was observed in serial biopsies. In
      two other patients, carcinoma of the liver developed. Six of the survivors on
      colchicine have improved clinically, noticing disappearance of ascites and edema,
      as well as a decrease in the size of the spleen. All the survivors on placebo
      continue to show clinical deterioration. In contrast to the usual drop of serum
      albumin seen in the cirrhotic patients, those receiving colchicine increased and
      maintained their serum albumin levels throughout the study. Serum proline values
      were elevated only in the alcohol cirrhotic patients. Serum alkaline phosphatase
      increased only in those patients receiving colchicine. The results indicate that
      in some cases, liver fibrosis could be modified by treatment with antifibrotic
      drugs. The use of colchicine at present should remain within controlled studies.

PMID- 378755
TI  - [Diagnosis of vulvovaginal mycoses (author's transl)].

PMID- 378756
TI  - Displaced post and core in the epiglottic vallecula.

PMID- 378757
TI  - Maintenance of root integrity and periodontal health under overdentures: a pilot
      study.

PMID- 378758
TI  - Tooth preparation for optimum contour of full-coverage restorations.

PMID- 378759
TI  - Enamel bonded mechanically retained laminate veneer.

PMID- 378761
TI  - Chum salmon pituitary fractions: somatotropic activity and cytoimmunofluorescence
      studies.

PMID- 378760
TI  - Immunocytochemical studies of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in brains of
      agnathan fishes. I. Comparisons of adult Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentata)
      and the Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stouti).

PMID- 378762
TI  - Immunostaining of eta cells in the rostral pars distalis and PAS-positive cells
      in the pars intermedia of a teleost (Sarotherodon mossambicus) by antisera to
      mammalian prolactins.

PMID- 378763
TI  - [Description of the hypophysis of the Saharian lizard Uromastix acanthinurus Bell
      1825 (Sauria Agamidae): localization by immunofluorescence of various hypophyseal
      hormones].

PMID- 378764
TI  - Transfer of drug resistance factors to the dimorphic bacterium Caulobacter
      crescentus.
AB  - The P-type drug resistance factors RP4, RK2, R702, R68.45, and the N-type drug
      resistance factor R46 are transferred to Caulobacter crescentus at high
      frequencies. They are stably maintained and their antibiotic resistances are
      expressed. Experiments with RP4 have shown that intergeneric transfer of RP4
      occur at a frequency of 10(-1). C. crescentus strains maintain RP4 as a plasmid,
      are sensitive to RP4-specific phage, and segregate phage-resistant cells at a
      frequency of 10(-4) to 10(-5). The RP4 plasmid can be used in several ways: (1)
      the RP4 plasmid will promote chromosomal exchange between C. crescentus strains
      at frequencies ranging from 10(-6) to 10(-8); (2) RP4 will promote the transfer
      of nonconjugative colE1 plasmids from E. coli to C. crescentus; once transferred,
      the colE1 plasmid is stably maintained under nonselective conditions, can be
      transferred serially, and segregates independently from RP4; and (3) RP4 can be
      used to introduce transposons into the C. crescentus chromosome, providing the
      basis for additional genetic techniques.

PMID- 378765
TI  - Fine-structure mapping of the acetamidase structural gene and its controlling
      region in Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - A large number of amdS mutants altered in acetamide utilization have been used to
      construct a fine-structure map of the amdS locus. The mutagen diepoxyoctane
      generated most of the deletion strains used for mapping. A minimum of 14 sites
      within the amdS gene were found. Biochemical analysis of amdS mutants defined the
      extent of the probable coding region. A new mutant, amd-205, which did not
      produce detectable inactive gene product, was found to be inseparable by
      recombination from the "up-promoter" mutation amdI18 and was located outside of
      the apparent amdS coding region. The cis-dominant mutation, amdI9, was also
      located at this end of the gene. This work, therefore, provides evidence for the
      separation of a eukaryotic gene into controlling and structural regions.

PMID- 378766
TI  - [Mutagenic effect of a tetrahydrodiazopyrene derivative on bacteria].
AB  - Mutagenic action of 3,7-diamino-4,9-dioxy-5,10-dioxo-4,5,9,10-tetrahydro-4,9
      diazapiren (DDDTDP) was shown using indicator strains Salmonella typhimurium TA
      1534, TA 1536, TA 1537, TA 1538. The drug-induced mutations in strains TA 1534
      and TA 1538, and it can be used as a positive control in testing mutagens capable
      of inducing frameshift mutations. No significant differences was observed between
      DDDTDP effects on strains TA 1534 and TA 1538 which did or did not bear rfa
      mutation causing defects of cell wall lypopolysacharide complex. Within the range
      of concentrations tested DDDTDP had mutagenic effect without causing essential
      killing of bacteria. The mutagenic effect was decreased in the in vitro system of
      metabolic activation (Ames' plate test in Salmonella microsomes).

PMID- 378767
TI  - [Comparative study of mutator-gene prv and several other mutator-genes of
      Escherichia coli K-12].
AB  - Mutations prv1, prv2 and mutR34, increasing frequencies of intragenic
      recombinations, are found not to complement and therefore to be alleles of one
      gene. Checking for the influence of mutator genes mutS3, mutT1 and uvrE502 on the
      intragenic recombination in conjugational crossings has shown that mutators mutS3
      and uvrE502 increase the frequency of intragenic recombinations while mutT1 does
      not change it. None of the examined mutator genes influence the conjugational
      frequencies of recombination. A supplementary analysis for the mutability of the
      mutant prv1 has been carried out. The prv1 mutation can induce mutations of the
      frameshift type. Mutations uvrA6, recB21, recC22 and lexA produce no influence on
      the display of a mutator effect of the prv1 mutation.

PMID- 378768
TI  - [Effect of ftorafur and 5-fluorouracil on the chromosomes of human tumor cell
      cultures].
AB  - The effect of two antitumour drugs, ftorafur (Ft) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on
      chromosomes of human tumour cells (strain CA-1) was studied in vitro. Since no
      data on the karyotype of this tumour strain had been published, the chromosome
      set of the model was investigated at first. Significant quantitative and
      structural divergence from the normal human male karyotype were observed. Steam
      line cells contained 47-49 chromosomes, including 9 permanent markers. No Y
      chromosome was revealed. Ft and 5-FU hardly injured the chromosomes of CA-1
      cells; the level of aberrant metaphases reached 94%. Chromatid deletions and gaps
      formed the major part of drug-induced cytogenetic abnormalities.

PMID- 378769
TI  - [60th anniversary of a conference of health officers and representatives of
      medical health departments].

PMID- 378770
TI  - [Characteristics of the hygienic regulation of the optimal microclimate
      parameters in a hot and humid climate].

PMID- 378771
TI  - [On the 70th birthday of Prof. S. M. Grombakh].

PMID- 378772
TI  - [On the 60th birthday of Ia. I. Kostovetskii].

PMID- 378773
TI  - Practical application of generic growth theory and the significance of the growth
      curve parameters.
AB  - The generic growth curve is developed by plausibility arguments based on simple
      growth models. Parameters of the generic curve include the maximum size, maximum
      specific growth rate, and a dimensionless velocity constant which can be related
      to metabolic efficiency in the case of nutrient-limited growth. Parameter
      estimates are obtained from estimates of the size and time at the point of
      inflection, the size and time at any other arbitrarily selected point, and the
      maximum size. Parameter estimates thus obtained and used as initial estimates in
      nonlinear least squares analysis often give rapid convergence to a minimum error
      mean square. [For the growth of Escherichia coli K-12 in liquid medium, the
      generic curve could be simplified to a form containing only three parameters: the
      maximum specific growth rate, the maximum size, and the time required to reach
      maximum size. When the bacteria were inhibited by the addition of increasing
      amounts of the lactoperoxidase antimicrobial factor, there was no significant
      change in viable counts or maximum specific growth rate, but the time required to
      reach maximum growth increased linearly with increasing amounts of added
      antimicrobial factor.] Analysis of growth in terms of the generic growth curve
      can be a powerful technique for finding relationships which may not be apparent
      from qualitative consideration of the data.

PMID- 378774
TI  - Carcinoma of the vagina after hysterectomy for severe dysplasia or carcinoma in
      situ of the cervix.

PMID- 378776
TI  - Histiocytic lymphoma of the cervix.

PMID- 378775
TI  - Stage III uterine sarcoma: case report and literature review.

PMID- 378777
TI  - Rate of disappearance in plasma of synthetic LH-RH intravenously injected in man.
AB  - The rate of disappearance of intravenously injected LH-RH was studied in 6 human
      volunteers. The blood samples were taken every 20 sec from the time of injection
      to time +5 min and every 30 sec from time +5 min to time +10 min. The half-life
      of LH-RH was calculated in the interval of 3-10 min, and was found to be 2.4 +/-
      0.4 min. The amounts of LH-RH estimated in the vascular compartment were
      relatively low when compared to the total amount of injected LH-RH. This
      observation suggests a rapid and important passage towards the extravascular
      compartment.

PMID- 378778
TI  - Investigations on intravascular coagulation in liver disease: souble fibrin
      monomer complexes in liver cirrhosis.
AB  - Souble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC) have been quantitated in 18 patients with
      liver cirrhosis by means of plasma gel filtration on an agarose column. The
      concentration of SFMC (as related to total fibrinogen) was increased in cirrhotic
      patients. The difference between controls and patients, as well as the difference
      between compensated and decompensated cirrhotic subjects, was statisically
      significant. Although these data, together with the results of heparin
      administration in one reported case, suggest intravascular coagulation, some
      alternative explanations should also be considered.

PMID- 378779
TI  - High-level resistance to streptomycin in Escherichia coli with R1 plasmid and the
      analysis of genetic determinants.
AB  - Some properties of streptomycin-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli were
      analyzed. In a R+ culture, the phenotype under study may be significantly
      selected at a frequency of 10(-5) on media with higher streptomycin level. The
      lrs mutation is present in the cells prior to the action of streptomycin and
      remains in the cells even after curing of the R1 plasmid. The mapping of the lrs
      gene by conjugation with a concomitant transfer of chromosome and the R1 plasmid
      in different Hfr strains of E. coli failed to establish the localization of this
      gene in the tested chromosome regions. The presence of a cryptic plasmid was
      detected in cells with the lrs mutation after curing of the R1 plasmid. This
      plasmid codes neither fertility functions nor chloramphenicol-acetyltransferase,
      streptomycin-adenyltransferase, or ampicillin-beta-lactamase.

PMID- 378781
TI  - Antimicrobial and cytolytic activity of N,N-dimethyl-l-methyldodecylamine oxide.
AB  - N,N-Dimethyl-l-methyldodecylamine oxide inhibited the growth of bacteria, yeast
      and filamentous fungi; further it induced lysis of osmotically stabilized
      protoplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and human erythrocytes. This effect is
      based evidently on a change in the organization and function of cell membranes.

PMID- 378780
TI  - The bactericidal activity of sera of healthy neonates and of newborns with
      hyperbilirubinaemia to Escherichia coli.
AB  - Cord and newborn sera were found to possess a significantly decreased in vitro
      bactericidal activity to Escherichia coli as compared to sera of adult
      individuals. Hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates suffering from both Rh and ABO
      incompatibility results in a further significant impairment of the bactericidal
      activity of their sera in comparison with healthy newborn infants. Exchange
      transfusion improved considerably the serum bactericidal activity. The possible
      mechanism of toxic action of unconjugated bilirubin on cells of the immune system
      is discussed.

PMID- 378782
TI  - Selection of a yeast strain with optimal utilization of straw hydrolyzates.
AB  - The dry nonseparated straw hydrolyzates prepared by mild acid hydrolysis of
      milled straw contains 25--30% of reducing substances, mostly saccharides with
      prevalence of xylose. A strain utilizing the neutralized nonseparated
      hydrolyzates without any growth substances added was obtained by selection and
      long-term adaptation of an array of yeast strains. The strain, identified as
      Candida tropicalis 2838, exhibited high cell-growth rate and considerable yield
      of protein-rich biomass.

PMID- 378784
TI  - [Skin loops for auricular epitheses].

PMID- 378783
TI  - Antimicrobial efficacy of some N,N'-dialkyl-N,N'-dimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine
      dioxides.
AB  - A total of 17 N,N'-dialkyl-N,N'-dimethyl-1,6-hexanediamine dioxides were tested
      for activity against three microorganisms. A relationship was found between the
      length of the alkyl substituent and antimicrobial activity.

PMID- 378785
TI  - [The esthetic effect of subcutaneously pedicled flaps].

PMID- 378786
TI  - [Corrective surgery following lip injuries].

PMID- 378788
TI  - [Contour improvement in burns using submental bipedicled-flap plasty].

PMID- 378787
TI  - [Late results following management of nevi flammei and facial burns using a split
      skin transplant with special reference to postoperative changes in color].

PMID- 378789
TI  - [Primary and secondary whole-skin transplantation for the reconstruction of the
      skull contour in soft-tissue defects].

PMID- 378790
TI  - [Experimental studies on free transplantation of thick cutaneous adipose-tissue
      flaps].

PMID- 378791
TI  - [Principal considerations in the reconstruction of frontal-bone defects and
      frontal-bone dislocations following injuries].

PMID- 378792
TI  - [Results in 35 skull-defect reconstructions using various autoplastic
      procedures].

PMID- 378793
TI  - [Indications, technic and results of cartilage and bone-chip accumulation at the
      mandible in asymetry of the lower face].

PMID- 378794
TI  - [Chin reconstruction following tumor resection].

PMID- 378795
TI  - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of Carminagal dragees with sonography (B-scan).
      Controlled clinical double-blind study].

PMID- 378796
TI  - [Antibiotics in surgery. Immediate antimicrobial therapy in surgical treatment.
      Part 1: General indications for antibiotic therapy in surgery, pathogens,
      diagnosis, specimen collection, indications, methods and time of administration].

PMID- 378797
TI  - [Therapy of so-called shock lung. Experimental animal studies of the lung in
      shock].
AB  - 1. Under hemorrhagic-traumatic shock conditions the depression of the flow and
      the pressure in pulmonary arteria and of the pressure in the left atrium was
      significant. The elevation of the pulmonary vessel resistance was significant,
      the pulmonary circulation time was longer. The depression of the oxygen partial
      pressure in arterial and venous blood was significant. 2. In comparison to single
      re-transfusion of the taken blood, the re-transfusion and application of 6
      Methylprednisolone (Urbason; 30 mg/kg) could raise the pulmonary pressure and the
      flow in the pulmonary arteria and the oxygen pressure in the arterial and venous
      blood over their basic level. 3. After re-transfusion and simultaneous addition
      of phenoxybenzamine a renewing shock took place caused by a relative hypovolemia.
      4. The hemodynamic circulation in the pulmonary and peripherial vessels was
      restored by hemodilution. While a single infusion of Haemaccel intensified the
      hypoxemia in comparison to shock conditions, the infusion of albumin (4%) caused
      no change in measured values. The application of Urbason (30 mg/kg) combined with
      Haemaccel-infusions raised the arterial and venous oxygen pressure significantly,
      in comparison to the hypotonic-phase they exceeded the basic values.

PMID- 378799
TI  - [Peroral hymecromone treatment of female patients under long term therapy with
      psychopharmaceuticals].

PMID- 378800
TI  - [Arabic medicine: a central theme in the history of medicine].

PMID- 378798
TI  - [Local corticoid therapy in pediatrics].
AB  - During 1978 I carried out a clinical trial in my pediatric practice with the new
      corticoid dermaticum Alfason, which contains the active substance hydrocortisone
      17 abutyrate--an ester of hydrocortisone not previously used therapeutically. To
      begin with Alfason was given in an open trial to 100 children and later, because
      of the favourable results obtained, it was employed in another group of 100
      children in a double-blind trial against a fluorinated corticoid, a substance
      which up to then I had most often prescribed. The results showed a good to very
      good effect in over 90% of the cases treated with either drug, there was no
      substance related statistical difference. According to the literature the ratio
      of success regarding side effects is particularly favourable for Alfason so that
      its use in the treatment of corticoid-requiring dermatoses in childhood can be
      recommended.

PMID- 378801
TI  - [In memoriam Dr. Ernst Derra, 6 March 1901-9 May 1939].

PMID- 378802
TI  - [Experimental pancreas transplantation].
AB  - Pancreatic auto- and allotransplantation of the pancreas tail were successfully
      performed in dogs. Malnutrition related to pancreatic exocrine hypofunction
      occurs initially in pancreatic-autotransplantation but gradual recovery by 3
      months is normal. Tolbutamide showed a significant prolongation of hypoglycemia,
      glucose tolerance curves were normal in pancreatic autotransplantation.
      Denervation and lymphatic interruption of the pancreas may cause a transient but
      not definitive influence on pancreatic functions. In pancreatic
      allotransplantations there was a slight extension of survival time in the
      immunosuppressive treated group (Imuran 6 mg/kg). The results suggest that
      hyperglycemia, a poor response of the islets after glucose stimulation and a low
      circulating plasma-insulin level along with a low amylase level indicated the end
      point of rejection. The canine pancreas has been perfused for 3 hours with a
      membrane oxygenator, a pulsatile pump and a heat exchanger at a temperature of 37
      degrees C. Among the criteria used in this study the insulin output into the
      venous blood in response to glucose administration as well as a pancreas
      secretion after secretin stimulation were found to be the most reliable
      indicators as to the viability of the pancreas. This is further supported by an
      average oxygen consumption of 0,77 ml O2/100 g/min at a constant flow of 80
      ml/min and a pressure of 75 mmHg.

PMID- 378803
TI  - [Candida and trichomonas infections. Character and frequency of vulvovaginal
      inflammations in gynecologic practice and their treatment].

PMID- 378805
TI  - Secretory B-cell activity in insulin dependent maturity-onset diabetic.
AB  - In 10 insulin dependent maturity onset diabetics we found elevated basal C
      Peptide levels (4.78 +/- 0.5 ng/ml. Normal range 1.1--3.6 ng/ml), which could be
      suppressed by insulin injection to the same extent as in sulfonylurea treated
      diabetics could be demonstrated. C-Peptide immunoreactivity in these patients
      therefore seems to be newly secreted rather than accumulated material. Since
      adrenalectomized patients could be suppressed in the same way, it is likely, that
      catecholamines are not the major factor in the mechanism of suppression.
      Therefore only decrease of bloodsugar levels seems to be accountable for the
      decrease of C-Petide levels. High C-Petide levels in insulin dependent maturity
      onset diabetics which cannot be stimulated but suppressed may be explained by a
      loss of glucoreceptor molecules.

PMID- 378804
TI  - [Investigations of iron and folate levels in serum after implantation of heart
      valve prostheses (author's transl)].
AB  - In 90 patients with prosthetic heart valves, the presence of iron and folate
      deficiencies was assessed in a double-blind study. Anemia was found in 18 cases.
      Average serum iron levels were below the normal range and could be incremented
      significantly through the administration of 193 mg Fe++ daily during a 4-week
      period. No evidence of folate deficiency was found.

PMID- 378807
TI  - Further comment on the history of general hospital psychiatry.

PMID- 378806
TI  - Inactivation of two hyperactive LH-RH analogues by rat hypothalamic peptidases.
AB  - Hyperactive analogues of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) are
      beleived to derive their properties from either increased binding affinity to
      anterior pituitary receptor sites or through decreased susceptibility to enzymic
      degradation. To investigate the latter suggestion and to examine the possible
      sites of hypothalamic peptidases inactivating LH-RH, D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LH-RH and D
      Leu6-EA10-LH-RH, which are known to have considerably greater activity than LH
      RH, were incubated with a hypothalamic supernatant fraction containing active
      peptidases degrading LH-RH, and their gonadotrophin-releasing ability after
      incubation with the enzymes was tested in normal, adult male rats; LH-RH was also
      tested in the same way. From a comparison of the relative losses of biological
      activity, both the LH-RH analogues treated proved to be more resistant to the
      hypothalamic peptidases than LH-RH itself; the D-Leu6-EA10-LH-RH retained its
      gonadotrophin-releasing activity longer than the D-Ser(TUB)6-EA10-LH-RH. These
      findings indicate that increased activity of the analogues may, in part be due to
      increased resistance to enzymic inactivation and suggest initial sites of
      cleavage at the Gly-leu and Pro-Gly NH2 bonds in the LH-RH decapeptide by the
      hypothalamic enzymes. Studies on the action of peptidases on LH-RH and its
      analogues may yield useful information in the design of peptidase with increased
      biological activity.

PMID- 378808
TI  - Sheltering Arms: the last of its kind.
AB  - Sheltering Arms Hospital, Richmond, VA, is probably the last free private general
      hospital in the United States/Now, after 90 years, the forces of change have
      claimed it.

PMID- 378809
TI  - Chicago study says government causes hospital pay shortfall.

PMID- 378810
TI  - Regulation review chief courts controversy.

PMID- 378811
TI  - AHA mulls suit over HEW policy on union costs.

PMID- 378812
TI  - Social worker gains seat on health panel.
AB  - Rep. Barbara Mikulski deals with health care issues in terms of the people
      affected. She is concerned about the impact of cost containment legislation on
      uncompensated charity care.

PMID- 378813
TI  - An automatic system for chromosomal analysis applied to prenatal diagnosis.
AB  - Computer-assisted metaphase analysis for prenatal diagnosis can be economically
      performed by a preexisting hardware-software system. The program can be run by
      technician-level (i.e. nonspecialist) personnel who can opt for the automatic
      operational mode for good quality metaphases or for the semimanual mode for
      problem metaphases (numerous superpositions, artifacts, etc.). The karyotype can
      be obtained in conversational mode. Hardcopy output is available for all modes.

PMID- 378814
TI  - Improved technique for human leukocyte cultures.
AB  - An improved technique for cultivation of peripheral human lymphocytes is
      presented. The setting of the blood cells is replaced by a wash in Ficoll to
      remove the polymorphonucleocytes.

PMID- 378815
TI  - Cancer registration and its techniques.

PMID- 378816
TI  - The approach of the European communities to the assessment of the carcinogenic
      risk of environmental chemicals, in particular, artificial colourings.
AB  - A brief outline is given of the rationale of the Environmental Research Programme
      of the European Economic Community and of its implementation. The major part of
      the programme is devoted to research on the exposure-effect relationships for
      mutagens and carcinogens and to the establishment of criteria. As a first step, a
      battery of test systems for mutagenicity screening is being established. These
      will be evaluated in a comparative test programme. The second part of the paper
      describes the specific legislative actions of the European Communities on food
      colourings. The historical background is given; and the criteria used by the
      Scientific Committee for Food for classifying and evaluating colouring matters
      are listed. Proposed regulatory action, on the basis of the report of the
      Committe, includes lists of colouring matters which are 'unacceptable',
      'temporarily acceptable' and 'acceptable'.

PMID- 378818
TI  - The asbestos industry and statutory control of its hazards.
AB  - The difficulties of balancing the possible hazards of asbestos against its useful
      properties, the cost of control measures and the availability of adequate
      substitutes are described. The history of the asbestos industry, of recognition
      of the association between asbestos and respiratory disease and of the develpment
      of control regulations in the UK are outlined. The present provisions for
      inspection of work places, for medical services to workers and for environmental
      control within and outside the workplace have been reviewed and a Health and
      Safety Commission set up to implement them; their work is described. Although the
      regulations are being implemented, however, public anxiety has increased.
      Justification for such anxiety comes from reports of still-existing hazards and
      from the fact that the current standard was established on faulty grounds. Three
      studies are described which indicate that a dose-response relationship may exist
      in relation to the carcinogenicity of asbestos; however, there is still not
      enough evidence to set standards. Further studies have shown that the different
      types of asbestos incur different degrees of risk. The UK Asbestos Standards are
      thus undergoing revision, this time in consultation not only with physicians and
      hygienists, but also with members of industry, trades union members, academics
      and local authorities.

PMID- 378817
TI  - The identification and control of occupational bladder cancer.
AB  - The recognition of an increasing number of environmental and occupational factors
      imvolved in cancer etiology indicates the urgent need for more effective
      identification and control procedures. On the evidence of experience derived from
      the historical example of occupational bladder cancer, it is suggested that the
      problems of identification and control require an integrated approach which must
      involve the toxicity screening of industrial materials, the environmental
      screening of the industrial process and the epidemiological screening of those
      who work in industry. Such a programme will depend for its success upon the
      cooperation and understanding of all concerned, and the need for consultation and
      the full provision of information is stressed. Benefits are indicated which might
      ultimately accrue from the establishment of a computerized data bank in which the
      results of toxicological, epidemiological and carcinogenicity investigations have
      been accumulated and collated under the auspices of an international agency.

PMID- 378819
TI  - Computerized clinical electroencephalography in perspective.

PMID- 378820
TI  - A neonatal fiberoptic probe for oximetry and dye curves.

PMID- 378821
TI  - Long-term culture of pancreatic islet cells with special reference to the beta
      cell function.
AB  - Islet cells of adult rat pancreas, dissociated with EDTA-Dispase, were cultivated
      in Microtest wells for over 2 months. In our cultures, islet cells were free
      floating and cohered with each other to reorganize histotypic aggregates
      resembling the nondissociated islets. Morphologically, excellent preservation of
      islet cells in the aggregates was confirmed during the culture using both light
      and electron microscopy. The function of islet beta-cells, as demonstrated by the
      synthesis and release of insulin, also was retained throughout the culture
      period. Islet beta-cells cultured for long periods exhibited better response to
      the short-term stimulation of theophylline than to a high concentration of
      glucose, as observed in the islets of fetal or newborn rat pancreas.

PMID- 378823
TI  - [Investigation comparing the methods of serological differentiation of
      streptococci by precipitation, co-agglutination and fluorescence test (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Three methods for the serological determination of streptococci were compared:
      immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence and co-agglutination. The results of the
      immunoprecipitation were the basis of evaluation. The deviating results in
      immunofluorescence and co-agglutination deviate among one another. With
      immunofluorescence relatively too many strains were determined as group B, with
      co-agglutination as group C.

PMID- 378822
TI  - Development in vitro of epithelial-cell monolayers derived from fetal rat
      pancreas.
AB  - Purified epithelial-cell monolayers were generated in vitro from explants of
      fetal rat pancreas. The extent of the development of the epithelial monolayer, as
      determined by planimetric analysis, was enhanced by the application of two
      methodological procedures: (a) preincubation of fetal pancreas in situ at 27
      degrees C for 5 hr prior to dissection and explantation; and (b) incubation of
      the explants in medium containing a high concentration (50% to 70%) of fetal
      bovine serum. By utilizing such culture conditions, sheets of contiguous
      epithelial cells, with little or no peripheral fibroblastic contamination, were
      maintained for 9 days. Whereas the majority of cells within the monolayer had
      morphological characteristics of pancreatic ductal cells, endocrine cells were
      identified by the specific immunocytochemical localization of insulin and
      glucagon. In addition, insulin could be detected in the incubation medium
      throughout the course of experiment. The simplicity of this preparation offers
      some advantages over other techniques including reduced chance of contamination
      and reduced cellular damage or death. It provides a model for future studies
      directed toward developing individual cell strains derived from pancreatic
      epithelial cells.

PMID- 378824
TI  - Selection of pyrimethamine resistant strain of Plasmodium berghei.

PMID- 378825
TI  - Controlled trial of levodopa in fulminant hepatitis.

PMID- 378826
TI  - Review on adolescent growth studies. Part A. Physiological aspects and
      environmental factors.

PMID- 378827
TI  - Clinical profile of E. coli diarrhoea in hospitalised children (Part II).

PMID- 378828
TI  - Enteric fevers in children--a prospective study on comparative evaluation of
      three drugs (chloramphenicol, furazolidone and co-trimethoxazole).

PMID- 378829
TI  - Protection of cotton rats against experimental Echinococcus multilocularis
      infections with BCG cell walls.
AB  - Previous works has indicated that cotton rats treated with Mycobacterium bovis
      strain BCG are effectively protected against an infection with the metastatically
      proliferating metacestodes of Echinococcus multilocularis. In an attempt to
      induce a similar protection in the absence of tubercular granulomatous lesions,
      cotton rats were treated with BCG cell walls. A single injection of 150
      micrograms of cell walls, emulsified in mineral oil-Tween-saline, 2 weeks before
      the inoculation of the parasite completely protected the animals against
      infection with E. multilocularis. This protection was correlated with an increase
      in the numbers of monocytes and, as judged by acid phosphatase activity, an
      activation of these cells. This study shows that BCG cell walls are as effective
      in protecting animals against E. multilocularis as the viable organism.

PMID- 378830
TI  - Bactericidal activity of fractionated granule contents from human
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
AB  - Proteins from human polymorphonuclear leukocyte granules were extracted with 0.2
      M acetate, pH 4.0, and fractionated by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. The
      fractions demonstrated selective bactericidal action against a deep rough cell
      wall mutant of Escherichia coli O111:B4 with rough lipopolysacharide and cell
      wall mutants of Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 with lipoplysacharide of Ra, Rc, Rd1,
      Rd2, and Re types. Smooth parent strains were most resistant to the bactericidal
      action. Fractions with greatest activity for the mutants were from valley regions
      (regions of low protein concentration) between three high protein peaks
      comprising myeloperoxidase, protease, and lysozyme, respectively. Susceptibility
      of the mutants to bactericidal action increased as sugar residues decreased in
      lipopolysaccharide. Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to different
      fractions than were the gram-negative bacteria.

PMID- 378831
TI  - Protective effect of active immunization with purified Escherichia coli heat
      labile enterotoxin in rats.
AB  - The protective effect of active immunization by different routes with a purified
      preparation of the polymyxin-release form of Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin
      was evaluated in rats. Immunized animals were challenged by placing toxin into
      ligated ileal loops at dosages which produced either 50% or the maximum secretory
      response in unimmunized rats. Immunization exclusively by the parenteral route
      yielded significant protection. Rats were also protected when parenteral priming
      was followed by boosting given either directly into the duodenum or perorally 2 h
      after intragastric cimetidine, but not when the peroral boosts were given with
      bicarbonate. Immunization administered entirely by the peroral route with
      cimetidine yielded protection but only when the immunizing dosage was fivefold
      greater than that found effective in the parenteral-peroral approach. Rats
      immunized exclusively by the parenteral route and those boosted perorally with
      cimetidine were also tested, and found to be protected, against challenge with
      viable organisms of strains that produce either heat-labile toxin alone or both
      heat-labile and heat-stable toxin, but they were not protected against a strain
      which produces just heat-stable toxin. Geometric mean serum antibody titers were
      increased by 16-fold or more over control values in those groups of rats in which
      protection was achieved, with the exception of those immunized exclusively by the
      peroral route. These observations demonstrate that (i) active immunization with
      purified E. coli heat-labile toxin results in significant protection against both
      this toxin as well as viable organisms which produce it, but not against viable
      strains which produce heat-stable toxin only, and (ii) concomitant ablation of
      gastric secretion by the use of cimetidine renders the peroral route of
      immunization effective. They suggest that prophylactic immunization against
      diarrheal disease caused by heat-labile toxin-producing strains of E. coli may be
      feasible in humans.

PMID- 378832
TI  - Erythrocyte binding properties of streptococcal lipoteichoic acids.
AB  - The lipoteichoic acids (LTA) of gram-positive bacteria are known to bind
      spontaneously to a variety of animal cell membranes. We investigated the
      biological and biochemical characteristics of the binding of LTA of Streptococcus
      pyogenes and S. faecalis to human and sheep erythrocytes. The kinetics of the
      binding of the radiolabeled LTA ([(3)H]LTA) from each of these organisms to
      erythrocytes was similar. The dissociation constants for sheep and adult human
      erythrocytes were 1.6 muM and 4.5 muM, respectively, whereas that of human cord
      blood erythrocytes was approximately 10-fold higher, 31 muM. The number of
      binding sites for sheep erythrocytes was calculated to be 7.2 x x 10(6) per cell,
      and that of human erythrocytes, 29 x 10(6) per cell. Binding was reversible. More
      than 50% of bound [(3)H]LTA was displaced from erythrocytes by a 50-fold excess
      of unlabeled LTA. LTA prepared from heterologous species of gram-positive
      bacteria were all inhibitory to the binding of [(3)H]LTA whether derived from S.
      pyogenes or from S. faecalis. Among a number of potential receptor analogues and
      other inhibitors tested, including serum albumin, gangliosides Gm(2) and Gm(3),
      lipopolysaccharide of gram-negative bacteria, and various sugars, only albumin
      and the gangliosides significantly inhibited LTA binding. Trypsin or
      neuraminidase treatment of erythrocytes had no effect on LTA binding. Deacylation
      of [(3)H]LTA abolished binding ability and binding was restored by esterification
      of the deacylated material with stearoyl chloride, indicating that ester-linked
      lipids are necessary for membrane binding.

PMID- 378833
TI  - Hemagglutination and adhesiveness of toxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from
      humans.
AB  - Toxigenic strains of Escherichia coli isolated from humans were studied for
      adherence to human buccal mucosal epithelial cells. The E. coli strains were
      labeled with 3H-amino acids or fluorescein isothiocyanate. Toxigenic E. coli
      strains varied in their ability to adhere in the presence of mannose. Of 32
      toxigenic strains examined, 52% bound to the buccal cells, whereas none of 8
      control strains did so (Mann-Whitney U test, P =0.007). The control strains were
      nontoxigenic E. coli isolates from humans, enterotoxigenic E. coli isolates from
      animals, and E. coli K-12 containing the K88 or K99 plasmid; these strains
      exhibited only background-level adherence in this assay. Among the toxigenic E.
      coli strains that bound to human buccal mucosal cells, there was no correlation
      with mannose-resistant hemagglutination (MR-HA) of guinea pig and human
      erythrocytes. Screening 32 strains, we found the following phenotypes: (i) MR
      HA+, buccal adherent; (ii) MR-HA+, buccal nonadherent; (iii) MR-HA-, buccal
      adherent. Presumably the third group represents strains with another type(s) of
      surface attachment components not involved in the MR-HA reaction. Our findings
      indicate that a number of bacterial surface structures can function in MR-HA and
      buccal adherence.

PMID- 378835
TI  - Experimental Eikenella corrodens endocarditis in rabbits.
AB  - The ability of Eikenella corrodens to cause endocarditis in catheterized rabbits
      was studied. E. corrodens 1073, the serum-resistant strain used in the study, was
      isolated from a human periodontitis lesion. Thirty-four rabbits, surgically
      catheterized across the aortic valve and injected intravenously 24 to 48 h later
      with 10(7) to 10(9) log-phase organisms, were studied. Only three rabbits
      developed positive blood cultures and only two rabbits died before the time of
      sacrifice at 14 days after infection. Autopsies showed that all rabbits developed
      aortic vegetations, 52% of which were culture positive for E. corrodens. The
      organisms were recovered from aortic vegetations in a mean concentration of
      10(5.3) colony-forming units/g of tissue and from liver or kidney in 28% of the
      animals in concentrations from 10(2) to 10(4) colony-forming units/g. Indirect
      immunofluorescent staining of vegetations, with the use of specific rat antiserum
      to E. corrodens 1073 and fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled goat antirat serum,
      revealed colonies of E. corrodens in culture-negative vegetations as well as in
      those which were culture positive. The results showed that E. corrodens was an
      effective pathogen in the rabbit model of endocarditis, in which the disease was
      infrequently bacteremic and rarely fatal.

PMID- 378834
TI  - Immunity to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
AB  - Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains represent the most frequent etiological
      agent of travelers diarrhea. Challenge studies with several of these strains were
      undertaken in volunteers to evaluate the mechanisms of disease-induced immunity.
      Seventeen students and other community volunteers were given 10(6) or 10(8)
      organisms of E. coli B7A (O148:H28), which produces heat-labile and heat-stable
      enterotoxins. Ten individuals developed diarrheal illness closely resembling
      natural travelers diarrhea; of these ten, rises in titer of serum antitoxin and
      anti-O antibody occurred in eight (80%). Eight of the volunteers who developed
      diarrhea in the first test agreed to undergo rechallenge 9 weeks later with 10(8)
      B7A organisms. Only one of these eight "veterans" developed diarrhea versus seven
      of twelve controls given the same challenge (P = 0.05). Despite clinical
      protection, all "veterans" excreted B7A after rechallenge. Four controls who
      developed diarrhea during the homologous B7A rechallenge test were rechallenged 9
      weeks later with 10(9) organisms of E. coli strain E2528-C1 (O25:H-), which
      produces only heat-labile enterotoxin and possesses a different O, H, and pili
      antigen composition than B7A. Three of four "veterans" and two of six controls
      developed comparable diarrhea. These studies demonstrate that prior disease due
      to enterotoxigenic E. coli confers homologous immunity against subsequent
      challenge, and the operative mechanism apparently is not bactericidal and is not
      mediated by serum anti-O antibodies. Heterologous protection was not conferred
      where the only common antigen was heat-labile enterotoxin, indicating that serum
      infection-derived antitoxin to heat-labile enterotoxin also is not protective.

PMID- 378836
TI  - Lipid A and anti-lipid A.
AB  - Lipid A in free form, in crude antigen preparations, and on Formalin-treated
      Escherichia coli and Salmonella minnesota R595 was employed in studies of its
      antigenic composition, immunogenicity, and availability on gram-negative
      bacteria. Analyses with immunodiffusion and crossed immunoelectrophoresis of
      isolated lipid A preparations revealed three components. Inhibition experiments
      with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the lipid A structure was not
      exposed on the tested smooth or rough E. coli strains or on S. minnesota R595. In
      crude O antigen preparations from some of the strains, however, lipid A was
      available for reaction with antibodies. The inaccessibility of lipid A on the
      bacterial surface may explain the poor protective capacity of anti-lipid A
      antibodies against bacterial infections. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was
      more sensitive for measuring anti-lipid A antibody activity than indirect
      hemolysis or indirect hemagglutination. With an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
      it was shown that in rabbits the immunogenicity of lipid A was approximately the
      same when coated on erythrocytes or, as is more commonly done, when lipid A
      coated hydrolyzed bacteria were used. Some antisera from rabbits immunized with
      E. coli of different serotypes showed activity against lipid A, with a higher
      frequency for antisera from rabbits immunized with R mutants.

PMID- 378837
TI  - Effect of oral tetracycline, the microbial flora, and the athymic state on
      gastrointestinal colonization and infection of BALB/c mice with Candida albicans.
AB  - Scanning electron microscopy, light microscopy, and quantitative culture of
      microorganisms in intestinal contents were used to determine the effects of oral
      tetracycline, the bacterial flora of conventionally reared animals
      (conventional), and thymus-dependent immune competency on the capacity of Candida
      albicans to colonize and infect the gastrointestinal tract of four groups of
      mice: thymus-intact conventional mice, conventional athymic mice, flora-defined
      athymic mice, and thymus-intact bacteria-free mice. Thymus-intact conventional
      mice without antibiotic treatment began to shed C. albicans less than 48 h after
      oral yeast challenge and were devoid of detectable yeast by day 16. Tetracycline
      altered the bacterial flora qualitatively and quantitatively, allowing C.
      albicans to colonize in less than 48 h and to persist in the gut tract for 32
      days. Only 2 of 72 of these conventional mice developed candidiasis (hyphal
      infection). Although tetracycline altered the bacterial flora of conventional
      athymic (nude) mice, it was not required to allow C. albicans to colonize their
      gut tract to levels significantly higher than those in thymus-intact conventional
      mice. All conventional nude mice were consistently colonized and 14 of 24 animals
      showed an increased yeast colonization of the keratinized stomach, but only 3 of
      24 developed gastric candidiasis. Flora-defined athymic (nude) mice had
      significantly lower aerobic bacterial levels and significantly higher C. albicans
      levels in the gut contents than conventional athymic mice. The flora-defined nude
      mice, however, developed gastric candidiasis by day 5. Thymus-intact bacteria
      free mice were uniformly colonized and infected with C. albicans less than 48 h
      after oral challenge regardless of tetracycline treatment. Populations of C.
      albicans in the gut of bacteria-free mice were significantly higher than in the
      gut tract of the thymus-intact conventional or athymic mice. Gastric mycelial
      infection was detected in 8 of 10 bacteria-free animals 2 days after oral
      challenge. By 32 days, 45 of 50 mice of both tetracycline-treated and control
      bacteria-free groups were infected with C. albicans. These data indicate that a
      competive bacteria flora is more effective than an intact immune system in
      preventing gastric candidiasis and that an immune deficiency may allow increased
      yeast colonization of the keratinized and glandular stomach epithelium.
      Tetracycline did not appear to enhance the invasiveness or pathogenicity of C.
      albicans in mice even though it facilitates yeast-phase gut colonization in
      conventionally reared mice.

PMID- 378838
TI  - Induction of cell-mediated immunity to Mycobacterium leprae in guinea pigs.
AB  - Guinea pigs immunized with intact or disrupted armadillo-grown human
      Mycobacterium leprae administered in aqueous or oil vehicles were tested with
      various dilutions of M. leprae suspended in saline, water-soluble M. leprae
      extract, purified protein derivative, and a water-soluble extract of normal
      armadillo tissue. The results demonstrated the following. (i) Under no conditions
      was any skin test reactivity found to normal armadillo tissue extract. (ii)
      Positive sensitization to both M. leprae and its water-soluble extract was
      achieved by sensitizing guinea pigs with M. leprae suspended in Hanks solution or
      saline. Autoclaved M. leprae in Hanks solution or saline inoculated intradermally
      was an effective immunogen. Oil suspensions or emulsions were effective at
      sensitization, but appeared to be no better and, in general, slightly weaker,
      than simple inoculation in aqueous suspension. (iii) Living BCG failed to reveal
      a significant adjuvant effect on sensitization to M. leprae. However, cord factor
      appeared to potentiate slightly the sensitization to M. leprae in aqueous
      suspension. (iv) The minimum dose required for sensitization with M. leprae in
      aqueous suspension was 55 micrograms of purified bacilli. (v) Animals inoculated
      with M. leprae in saline or with M. leprae together with BCG showed positive skin
      test reactivity to the first skin test application made fully 1 year after the
      initial sensitization. The efficacy of autoclaved, irradiated M. leprae in
      aqueous, oil-free medium suggests a relatively safe approach to human vaccination
      studies.

PMID- 378840
TI  - Response of sensitized and unsensitized human lymphocyte subpopulations to
      Plasmodium falciparum antigens.
AB  - Antigen preparations derived from Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes
      (but not from uninfected erythrocytes) can stimulate the in vitro proliferation
      of peripheral blood lymphocytes from malaria-sensitized as well as nonsensitized
      donors. The possibility that the nonspecific responses might be due to a parasite
      derived B-cell mitogen has been previously suggested since polyclonal
      hypergammaglobulinemia is a frequent accompaniment of malaria infection. To test
      this hypothesis, we investigated the in vitro proliferative responses of purified
      T- and B-cell populations to malaria antigens. T but not B cells responded to the
      antigens. The addition of small numbers of T cells restored the ability of
      purified B cells to respond to lectin mitogens but not to malaria antigens.
      Falciparum malaria infection was associated with an increase in T-cell but not in
      B-cell proliferation in vivo, as assessed by the spontaneous tritiated thymidine
      incorporation of lymphocytes during a brief incubation in vitro. Our observations
      suggest that extracts of malaria parasites do not contain a B-cell mitogen but
      are antigenic as well as mitogenic for T cells.

PMID- 378839
TI  - Nature and mechanism of action of the CAMP protein of group B streptococci.
AB  - The extracellular product of group B streptococci responsible for the CAMP
      reaction was purified to near homogeneity. It is a relatively thermostable
      protein having a molecular weight of 23,500 and an isoelectric pH of 8.3. It was
      found that the CAMP reaction could be simulated by substituting [14C]glucose
      containing liposomes prepared from sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and dicetyl
      phosphate for sheep erythrocytes. In the belief that the liposome system is a
      valid model, the mechanism of the CAMP reaction was further investigated by using
      liposomes in which N-acylsphingosine (ceramide) was substituted for
      sphingomyelin. In this system disruption of liposomes, as measured by release of
      trapped [14C]glucose, was effected by CAMP protein alone. As judged from thin
      layer chromatography, CAMP protein caused no reduction in the amount of ceramide
      present in ceramide-containing liposomes, nor were split products demonstrable.
      However, binding of CAMP protein to ceramide-containing liposomes could be shown.
      It is inferred that in sheep erythrocytes CAMP protein reacts nonenzymatically
      with membrane ceramide formed by the prior action of staphylococcal
      sphingomyelinase and that binding of CAMP protein to ceramide disorganizes the
      lipid bilayer to an extent that results in cell lysis.

PMID- 378841
TI  - Endotoxin lethality and tolerance in mice: analysis with the B-lymphocyte
      defective CBA/N strain.
AB  - Immune-defective and immunologically normal F1 mice derived from the CBA/N strain
      were used to study the influence of anti-endotoxin antibody on the lethal effects
      of endotoxin. Immune-defective F1 male mice were unable to make specific
      responses to purified preparations of E. coli O111:B4 endotoxin, whereas their
      immunologically normal F1 female littermates made excellent responses. The
      ability to form antibody to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in these F1 mice did not
      influence either their natural resistance to endotoxin challenge or the effects
      of pretreatment with sublethal amounts of endotoxin on subsequent challenge with
      higher normally lethal doses. Furthermore, transfer of sera with high titers of
      anti-LPS antibody to mice prior to challenge with LPS failed to protect. Thus,
      anti-LPS antibody does not appear to play a critical role in protection of immune
      defective (CBA/N X DBA/2) F1 male mice to the lethal effects of endotoxin or to
      the protective effects of a single sublethal dose of endotoxin on subsequent
      endotoxin challenge.

PMID- 378842
TI  - Effect of purified Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin on intestinal cyclic
      nucleotide metabolism and fluid secretion.
AB  - Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli cause diarrhea by elaborating two enterotoxins.
      The large-molecular-weight, heat-labile toxin causes intestinal secretion by
      stimulating cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate production. The mechanism by which
      the small-molecular-weight, heat-stable enterotoxin induces secretion is unclear.
      The present study tested the hypothesis that heat-stable enterotoxin induces
      secretion by altering intestinal cyclic nucleotide concentrations. This was
      studied in suckling mice by using highly purified E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin
      obtained from a strain pathogenic for humans. At 3 min after administration of
      this toxin, intestinal cyclic guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP) levels were
      increased 10-fold. Cyclic GMP levels decreased thereafter, but still were greater
      than control levels at 120 min. Cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate levels fell to
      one-half of control levels at 3 min and remained below control levels for 120
      min. When the time course of enterotoxin-induced secretion was compared with
      changes in cyclic GMP levels, fluid secretion was not evident until 15 to 30 min
      after enterotoxin administration. Thus, the increase in intestinal cyclic GMP
      concentration preceded measurable fluid secretion. And finally, administration of
      the 8-bromo analog of cyclic GMP evoked fluid secretion, the time course of which
      was similar to that induced by enterotoxin. These, and other data, strongly
      suggest that E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin induces intestinal secretion by
      increasing intestinal cyclic GMP levels.

PMID- 378844
TI  - Production of heat-stable enterotoxin by the O128 serogroup of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Nine out of 11 Escherichia coli strains belonging to enteropathogenic O128
      serogroup were shown to produce heat-stable enterotoxin. This property may be
      related to the pathogenicity of this serogroup of bacteria.

PMID- 378843
TI  - Effect of pili on susceptibility of Escherichia coli to phagocytosis.
AB  - The degree of piliation of 20 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli was
      correlated with their susceptibility to phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes. Piliation was quantitated by negative staining, and phagocytosis was
      quantitated by a monolayer technique. Ingestion was confirmed by electron
      microscopy. In the absence of source of opsonins, there was a positive
      correlation between the degree of piliation and susceptibility to phagocytosis (y
      = 0.83x + 19.58; correlation coefficient = 0.65; P < 0.01). Heavily piliated
      strains were no longer phagocytized after their pili were removed by ultraviolet
      irradiation. Phagocytosis was reduced 75% in the presence of 0.1 M d-mannose, an
      agent which competitively inhibits binding of pili to cell surfaces. l-Mannose, d
      glucose, and d-galactose were much less inhibitory. The viability of piliated
      organisms was reduced by 1 log after 1 h of incubation with polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes. Addition of 10% fresh human serum increased both the rate and
      completeness of killing. These observations suggest that polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes may interact with the pili of E. coli to promote phagocytosis. This
      phenomenon may have clinical relevance in situations where normal opsonic
      activity is poor, such as the renal medulla.

PMID- 378845
TI  - Glucose incorporation by Treponema pallidum.
AB  - Treponema pallidum incorporated glucose into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable
      material. The amount of incorporation was proportional to the number of
      treponemes and was estimated to equal 3% of the glucose oxidized.

PMID- 378846
TI  - Immunogenicity of Bacteroides isolated from mice: relationship between
      immunogenicity and cell wall antigens.
AB  - Three different strains of Bacteroides were isolated from feces and cecal
      contents of mice. The immunogenicity of the strains was determined by measuring
      the serum agglutinin titers after intraperitoneal antigen injection. There were
      marked differences in quantity and quality of produced antibodies among the three
      strains. One strain (2-2) induced low antibody titers in both the primary and
      secondary responses, and a significant 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME)-resistant
      antibody production occurred. Another strain (Y) induced low antibody titers in
      the primary response and high titers in the secondary response, but 2-ME
      resistant antibody production did not occur. The third strain (2-4) induced very
      high antibody titers in both the responses, and a large amount of 2-ME-resistant
      antibody production occurred. Further, heat-ethanol-treated strain Y induced only
      immunoglobulin M antibody, but periodate-treated strain Y induced no antibody.
      Heat-ethanol- or periodate-treated strain 2-4 induced immunoglobulin M or G
      antibody, respectively. These observations suggest that the surface antigens of
      the two strains are distinctly different: the antigen of strain Y would be mostly
      O-antigen, whereas those of strain 2-4 would be O-antigen and protein moieties.

PMID- 378848
TI  - Delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in mice infected with St. Louis
      encephalitis virus: kinetics of the response and effects of immunoregulatory
      agents.
AB  - Labeled monocyte infiltration techniques have been used to study delayed-type
      hypersensitivity responses in mice immunized with St. Louis encephalitis virus. A
      delayed 24- to 48-h inflammatory response occurred 6 to 7 days after
      immunization. This response can be potentiated by cyclophosphamide treatment, by
      BCG administration, or by splenectomy. Treatments known to selectivity inhibit T
      cell function suppressed the response.

PMID- 378847
TI  - Effects of BCG infection on the susceptibility of mouse macrophages to endotoxin.
AB  - Mice infected intravenously with Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) are 100 to 1,000 times
      more sensitive to the lethal effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS).
      Since BCG infection results in macrophage activation and LPS may cause
      pathophysiological effects through interaction with this cell type, it was of
      interest to determine whether macrophages from BCG-infected animals were more
      susceptible to the toxic effects of LPS in vitro. When LPS-susceptible, C57BL/6
      mice were infected with BCG, a significant reduction in the 50% lethal dose of
      LPS was first observed after 7 days and persisted for several weeks. Macrophages
      from these animals had greatly increased susceptibility to LPS in vitro, which
      correlated with the development of acquired cellular resistance as determined by
      their ability to inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes. In contrast, BCG
      infection of C3H/HeJ mice, a strain resistant to LPS, did not alter the 50%
      lethal dose of LPS for these animals or increase the sensitivity of their
      peritoneal macrophages to LPS in vitro. These results indicate that
      susceptibility of BCG-infected mice to the lethal effects of LPS parallels the
      susceptibility of their macrophages in vitro; release of vasoactive substances
      from LPS-susceptible activated macrophages in vivo may be, in part, responsible
      for lethality.

PMID- 378849
TI  - Mouse protective capabilities of Escherichia coli hybrids expressing Salmonella
      typhi antigens.
AB  - An Escherichia coli hybrid, F1061, expressing Salmonella typhi somatic antigens 9
      and 12, and a derivative of this hybrid, E. coli hybrid WR3078, expressing the S.
      typhi Vi antigen in addition to somatic antigens 9 and 12, were compared with S.
      typhi Ty2 in experiments to test their ability, as live vaccines, to protect
      Swiss white mice against death from challenge with a mouse-virulent Salmonella
      typhimurium hybrid expressing the S. typhi antigens 9, 12, Vi, and d. When the
      live, vaccinating organisms were administered intraperitoneally, 87.5% of the
      mice immunized with S. typhi Ty2 survived challenge, as compared with 62.5% of
      those immunized with E. coli hybrid F1061 and 55% of those inoculated with E.
      coli hybrid WR3078. When live organisms were administered orally at a dose of
      10(9), 67.5% of the mice immunized with S. typhi Ty2 survived challenge as
      compared with 47.5% of those immunized with E. coli hybrid F1061 and 40% of those
      administered E. coli hybrid WR3078. Thus, the protection conferred by E. coli
      hybrid F1061 expressing only the S. typhi somatic antigens, although significant
      in this system, was inferior to that conferred by S. typhi Ty2 and the addition
      of the S. typhi Vi antigen to this hybrid (creating E. coli hybrid WR3078) did
      not enhance that protection.

PMID- 378851
TI  - Comparative behavior of virulent strains of Treponema pallidum and Treponema
      pertenue in gradient cultures of various mammalian cells.
AB  - Two strains of virulent Treponema pallidum and two of virulent T. pertenue were
      investigated for their ability to attach to and survive in gradient cultures of
      five different mammalian cells under aerobic conditions. The strains of T.
      pallidum studied were the high-rabbit-passage Nichols and the low-rabbit-passage
      KKJ. The former was known to readily attach to cottontail rabbit epithelial cells
      (Sf1Ep) and to survive in the virulent state for up to 21 days. We therefore
      compared attachment of the other virulent treponemes with that of T. pallidum
      (Nichols). The KKJ strain of T. pallidum behaved in a fashion similar to T.
      pallidum (Nichols) in all of the cultures. Both strains exhibited preferential
      attachment to cells of Sf1Ep and those derived from the ear of a nude athymic
      (nu/nu) mouse. In these cultures, we observed a consistent three- to fivefold
      increase in attached treponemes up to 12 days after initial inoculation. The
      strains of T. pertenue were the human-derived Gauthier and cynocephalus-derived
      FB. These two strains of T. pertenue also attached to cells of all five types of
      cultures, but in smaller numbers than were seen with T. pallidum and equally to
      all of the cultures. Neither preferential attachment to Sf1Ep and nude mouse ear
      cells nor increased attachment with time was seen.

PMID- 378850
TI  - Resistance to Babesia spp. and Plasmodium sp. in mice pretreated with an extract
      of Coxiella burnetii.
AB  - Mice injected intravenously with a commercially available extract of Coxiella
      burnetii prepared for use as the antigen in the complement fixation diagnostic
      test for Q fever were subsequently resistant to infection with Babesia microti,
      Babesia rodhaini, and Plasmodium vinckei petteri. The parasites appeared to die
      inside circulating erythrocytes. Protection was unaffected by exposing the
      pretreated mice to 900 rads on the day before they were infected. To explain
      these findings, it is postulated that pretreatment with Coxiella extract protects
      by potentiating the interferon-inducing capacity of the challenge dose of
      protozoa, which perhaps leads to enhanced of natural killer cells. Tumor necrosis
      factor also warrants investigation.

PMID- 378852
TI  - Regression of a transplanted guinea pig hepatoma after intralesional injection of
      an emulsified mixture of endotoxin and mycobacterial sulfolipid.
AB  - Mycobacterial sulfatides (sulfolipids) in admixture with endotoxin had tumor
      regressive activity comparable to trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) and endotoxin
      in guinea pigs, but unlike TDM were neither toxic nor granulomagenic and had no
      antitumor activity in mice. The increased endotoxin lethality in mice pretreated
      with BCG was not observed in mice pretreated with sulfolipids or TDM instead of
      BCG.

PMID- 378853
TI  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A
      antibodies to Shigella flexneri antigens.
AB  - An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been developed to detect class-specific
      antibodies to Shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharide antigens. This enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay system has been used to measure antibodies present in serum
      or intestinal secretions without further purification. It is considerably more
      sensitive than passive hemagglutination, allowing detection of as little as 1.3
      ng of specific immunoglobulin G antibody per ml in immune sera. Optimal
      conditions for this assay are outlined in this report.

PMID- 378854
TI  - Kinetics of lymphocyte transformation in mice immunized with viable avirulent
      forms of Cryptococcus neoformans.
AB  - A murine model was developed to study the cell-mediated immune response of mice
      immunized with one of two live, avirulent forms of Cryptococcus neoformans: a
      nonencapsulated mutant and a thinly encapsulated pseudohyphal variant. A
      lymphocyte transformation assay was used to evaluate the cellular response of
      control and sensitized spleen cells after in vitro incubation with three
      merthiolate-killed whole-cell antigens of C. neoformans. An antigen-to-spleen
      cell ratio of 10:1 and 5 days of incubation of antigen-spleen cell mixtures were
      established as optimal conditions for maximum lymphocyte transformation. Maximum
      responses occurred from 2 to 3 weeks after the last of eight weekly
      intraperitoneal inoculations of C. neoformans. This assay provided an accurate,
      reproducible method of studying cell-mediated immunity to C. neoformans, and
      applications to the study of cryptococcal pathogenesis are proposed.

PMID- 378856
TI  - Mitsuda-type lepromin reactions as a measure of host resistance in Mycobacterium
      lepraemurium infection.
AB  - The footpad reaction to autoclaved whole Mycobacterium lepraemurium organisms
      (MLM lepromin) in high-resistance (C57BL) and low-resistance (BALB/c) mice was
      studied. Infected C57BL mice gave a prolonged footpad response persisting for 4
      weeks after skin testing with high and low doses of lepromin. This was
      accompanied by mononuclear cell infiltration. Uninfected C57BL mice gave no
      response. The majority of infected BALB/c mice gave no increase in footpad
      thickness. However, a high proportion of infected and control BALB/c mice tested
      with the high dose showed mononuclear cell infiltration which resembled that in
      C57BL mice. The low dose caused little infiltration in infected or control BALB/c
      mice. The course of infection in the two strains was different. Dissemination of
      organisms from the infected footpad was minimal in C57BL mice 5 months after
      infection. In BALB/c mice, dissemination to the draining lymph node and to some
      extent to the liver had occurred by 5 months. The draining lymph node of BALB/c
      mice showed histological evidence of local antibody formation, which uas not
      found in C57BL mice. On the basis of these findings, it was possible to fit
      murine leprosy in these two strains into a classification similar to that used
      for human leprosy.

PMID- 378855
TI  - Capsular serotypic specificity of the protection conferred on mice by Klebsiella
      pneumoniae ribosomal preparations.
AB  - Klebsiella pneumoniae ribosomal preparations protect mice immunized by the
      subcutaneous route against an intraperitoneal challenge of 100 50% lethal doses.
      The minimal protective doses are 5 and 0.4 micrograms of proteins for
      preparations extracted from strains of capsular serotypes 1 and 2, respectively.
      This difference in protective activity is also found in bacteria killed by
      Formalin. The protective activity of these preparations is not diminished by
      their purification on sucrose gradient, which eliminates most of the membrane
      vesicles which are visible by electron microscopy. The use of four strains of K.
      pneumoniae belonging to capsular serotypes 1 and 2 allowed us to show that the
      immunoprotective capacity of the ribosomal preparations was specific to the
      capsular serotype of the origin strain. This was confirmed by experiments in
      which the serum of immunized mice was transferred passively. The experimental
      data favor the presence in the ribosomal preparation of antigens belonging to the
      bacterial surface and resisting elimination by ultracentrifugation on sucrose
      gradient. Those surface antigens (possibly capsular polysaccharide) at least play
      a role in the orientation of the specificity of the protection induced by the
      ribosomal preparations.

PMID- 378857
TI  - Effects of anionic inhibitors of phagosome-lysosome fusion in cultured
      macrophages when the ingested organism is Mycobacterium lepraemurium.
AB  - The mouse pathogen Mycobacterium lepraemurium is readily phagocytosed by cultured
      mouse peritoneal macrophages. Ingestion is normally followed by fusion between
      phagosomes and lysosomes. The influence of some aninonic compounds known to
      inhibit fusion in other systems was investigated by transmission electron
      microscopy after ingestion of M. lepraemurium. Fusion was markedly, although
      temporarily, inhibited by suramin and moderately inhibited by poly-D-glutamic
      acid. The effects are, however, not sufficient to permit these agents to be used
      to study the long-term effects of shutting off the secondary lysosome-phagosome
      fusion system in cultured macrophages infected with M. lepraemurium.

PMID- 378858
TI  - Relationship between colicin V activity and virulence in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Colicin V activity is not essential to ColV plasmid-mediated virulence
      enhancement in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 378859
TI  - Immunotherapy of guinea pigs with dermal and visceral tumor implants: comparison
      of living and nonliving BCG.
AB  - Emulsified cell walls of Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) were immunotherapeutically at
      least as active as living BCG in prolonging survival of guinea pigs with
      established dermal tumors and microscopic lymph node and visceral metastases.

PMID- 378861
TI  - Molecular characterization of plasmids from virulent and spontaneously occurring
      avirulent colonial variants of Shigella flexneri.
AB  - Spontaneous transition of Shigella flexneri from T- to O-type colonies with
      concomitant loss of virulence dose not appear to be accompanied by a change in
      any of the four plasmic species found in the virulent parent.

PMID- 378860
TI  - Influence of oil and Tween concentrations on enhanced endotoxin lethality in mice
      pretreated with emulsified trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (cord factor).
AB  - Susceptibility to the lethal toxicity of endotoxin in mice pretreated with
      emulsified trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate was enhanced by (i) increasing the oil
      concentration while keeping the Tween concentration constant; and (ii) decreasing
      the Tween concentration, while keeping the oil concentration constant.

PMID- 378862
TI  - Tension and relaxation in the individual.
AB  - Increasing materialism in society is resulting in more wide spread nervous
      tension in all age groups. While some degree of nervous tension is necessary in
      everyday living, its adverse effects require that we must learn to bring it under
      control. Total tension is shown to have two components: a controllable element
      arising from factors in the environment and the inbuilt uncontrollable residue
      which is basic in the individual temperament. The effects of excessive or
      uncontrolled stress can be classified as 1) emotional reactions such as neurotic
      behaviour (anxiety hypochondria, hysteria, phobia, depression obsessions and
      compulsions) or psychotic behaviour and 2) psychosomatic reactions (nervous
      asthma, headache, insomnia, heart attack). Nervous energy can be wastefully
      expended by such factors as loss of temper, wrong attitudes to work, job
      frustration and marital strains. Relaxation is the only positive way to control
      undesirable nervous tension and its techniques require to be learned. A number of
      techniques (progressive relaxation, differential relaxation, hypnosis, the use of
      biofeedback, Yoga and Transcendental Meditation) are described and their
      application to dental practice is discussed.

PMID- 378863
TI  - Antigen and mitogen induced production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor
      in the mouse.
AB  - Spleen cells of C57B1/6J mice immunized with complete Freund's adjuvant produced
      macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) when incubated in vitro with
      tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD). For optimal MIF production spleen
      cells were cultured for 48 h in a serum-free medium, at a concentration of 2 x
      10(7) cells/ml. MIF was assayed in a xenogenic system, using oil-induced guinea
      pig peritoneal exudate cells as targets. MIF synthesis could also be induced by
      pulsing spleen cells for 2 h with concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed
      mitogen or lipopolysaccharide, followed by culture in plain medium. No MIF
      secretion was induced by incubation of spleen cells with anti-theta or rabbit
      anti-mouse IgG sera. Cells producing MIF in response to PPD were characterized as
      B cells by virtue of being insensitive to anti-theta serum and complement, by
      being retained on nylon wool, glass bead and anti-Ig colums and by the presence
      of Fc receptors. PPD-stimulated T cells did not produce MIF. PPD-induced mouse
      spleen cell MIF demonstrated a moderate loss of activity by heating at 56 and 80
      degrees C and was completely inactivated after digestion with chymotrypsin. By
      fractionation on Sephadex G-200, migration inhibitory activity was recovered in a
      molecular range of 100,000-12,400 daltons.

PMID- 378864
TI  - The use of prostacyclin, PGI2, in the prevention of platelet aggregation during
      charcoal haemoperfusion.
AB  - In previous studies severe side effects, including irreversible hypotension,
      platelet losses and rises in Swank screen filtration pressure, have been recorded
      during the treatment by charcoal haemoperfusion of patients with fulminant
      hepatic failure. It has also been demonstrated that rises in Swank screen
      filtration pressure in an in vitro test circuit are due to the presence of
      platelet aggregates. In this study Prostacyclin was infused at a constant rate,
      to give a blood concentration of 5 ng/ml, into the in vitro circuit just prior to
      the charcoal column. Rises in Swank screen filtration pressure were prevented,
      and it was also shown that the giving of a bolus dose of Prostacyclin (400 ng/ml
      blood concentration) reversed rises in Swank screen filtration pressure that have
      already occurred. On the basis of these findings, Prostacyclin would be expected
      to be of considerable clinical value in the prevention of adverse platelet
      reactions to charcoal haemoperfusion when carried out in patients with fulminant
      hepatic failure.

PMID- 378865
TI  - Hodgkin's disease in patients with previous infectious mononucleosis.
AB  - Patients with a positive reaction to the Paul-Bunnell test in the period 1961-72
      were identified at nine different laboratories in Norway and matched against
      cases of malignant lymphoma registered at the Cancer Registry of Norway in the
      period 1961-75. Among 5,840 patients having a positive Paul-Bunnell test a total
      of six developed malignant lymphoma, three of these more than 1 year after the
      positive Paul-Bunnell test. The expected number of malignant lymphoma was 2.04.
      Of the six lymphoma cases, five were classified as Hodgkin's disease (HD). The
      present investigation agrees well with the findings of other epidemiological
      studies. There seems to be a small excess in incidence of HD among patients with
      previous infectious mononucleosis (IM), but both diagnostic problems and possible
      confounding factors must be taken into account before a possible causal
      association is considered.

PMID- 378866
TI  - Isolation and characterization of lymphocytes and macrophages from solid,
      malignant human tumours.
AB  - In mechanically prepared cell suspensions from 17 solid, malignant human tumours,
      0.5-5.0% (mean 2.0%) lymphocytes and 1.0-28.0% (mean 7.4+) macrophages were
      found. Mononuclear cells (MC) were isolated using the Boyum technique. From each
      biopsy weghing 1-4 g, on average, 1.3 x 10(6) lymphocytes and 0.8 x 10(6)
      macrophages were recovered. The tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were
      characterized with regard to T and B markers. The proportion of TIL-forming
      rosettes with SRBC (T cells) was 43%, which was significantly less than for
      peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from cancer patients (58%), or normal controls
      (80%), On average, 15% of the TIL were B cells, whereas 42% had no T- or B-cell
      markers. Macrophages (TIM) were identified by non-specific esterase staining and
      phagocytosis. In four cases the tumour cells were also stained with alpha
      naphthyl butyrate. Corresponding findings were made on esterase-stained cryostat
      sections from four tumours. Macrophages were found within and around the tumour
      tissues, occasionally localized to necrotic areas, but in most cases with no sign
      of necrosis of the surrounding cells. In some tumour cell suspensions typical
      clusters of lymphocytes and macrophages were seen. Total lymphocytes and T-cell
      were markedly reduced inthe peripheral blood of cancer patients, whereas total
      monocyte counts were within the normal range.

PMID- 378868
TI  - Assessment of the use of the Salmonella mutagenesis assay to determine the
      influence of antioxidants on carcinogen-induced mutagenesis.

PMID- 378867
TI  - Immune suppression in BALB/c mice bearing the plasmacytoma TEPC-183: evidence for
      normal lymphocyte but defective macrophage function.
AB  - This paper analyses impairment of the primary immune response of mice bearing the
      plasmacytoma TEPC-183. Healthy animals and mice bearing the reported non
      immunosuppressive tumour MOPC-104E were used as controls. The defect was shown to
      affect both primary IgG and IgM responses to chicken cells (CRBC) and to be
      related to tumour size. However, the primary immune depression could be overcome
      either by increasing the antigen dose or by using Freund's complete adjuvant
      together with antigen. Secondary responses were also depressed. This depression
      was more pronounced if the animals was primed after, rather than before, tumour
      implantation. Further studies involved the measurement of primary immune
      responses of immunologically deprived syngeneic mice, after they had been
      reconstituted with cells from normal or tumour-bearing mice. Lymphocyte
      reconstitution experiments were carried out in mice which had been irradiated
      with 950R. Various lymphoid preparations from TEPC-183-bearing mice were unable
      to bring about such restoration. It is concluded that the impairment of the
      primary immune response of mice bearing the plasmacytoma TEPC-183 is due to a
      macrophage, rather than a lymphocyte, abnormality. However, none of these
      transfer studies suggested that positive suppression of primary immune responses
      was being mediated by cells from TEPC-183-bearing mice.

PMID- 378870
TI  - Radiometric measurement of differential metabolism of fatty acids by
      Mycobacterium lepraemurium.
AB  - An assay system has been developed based on automated radiometric quantification
      of 14CO2 produced through oxidation of (1--14C) fatty acids by mycobacteria. With
      this system, the Hawaiian strain of M. lepraemurium was studied using the K-36
      buffer as a suspending solution for the organisms along with 5.0 muCi of one of
      the following fatty acids: acetate, butyric, hexanoic, octanoic, decanoic,
      lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and malonic. The
      14CO2 production by this organism was greatest with lauric, decanoic, myristic,
      octanoic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and malonic. The 14CO2 production
      by this organism was greatest with lauric, decanoic, myristic, octanoic, and
      stearic acids, in decreasing order. Assimilation studies and radiochromatograms
      confirmed that most of the oxidized substrates were converted into by-products
      with no change in those from which no oxidation was found. These data suggest
      that the radiometric measurement of differential fatty acid metabolism may
      provide a basis of radiometric identification of M. lepraemurium and assessment
      of the growth requirements of this organism.

PMID- 378869
TI  - A circulating anticoagulant in lepromatous leprosy.
AB  - We observed a patient with lepromatous leprosy and a circulating anticoagulant.
      Intrinsic pathway inhibition was demonstrated by prolongation of the activated
      partial thromboplastin time. Extrinsic pathway inhibition was demonstrated by
      prolongation of the prothrombin time when performed with diluted thromboplastin.
      A plasma co-factor was required for inhibition. Immunoadsorption with specific
      antisera and Sephadex G-200 fractionation suggested that the anticoagulant was an
      IgM immunoglobulin. The similarities between this patient's anticoagulant and
      those associated with other disease states are discussed.

PMID- 378871
TI  - Lymphocyte transformation test in healthy contacts of patients with leprosy. I.
      Influence of exposure to leprosy within a household.
AB  - Fifty-three household contacts of lepromatous patients, 37 household contacts of
      tuberculoid patients, and 91 control persons were examined with the lymphocyte
      transformation test (LTT) for their responses to whole and sonicated antigen
      preparations from M. leprae, to BCG, M. avium, M. gordonae, and
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The study was carried out in the Gurage area of
      Ethiopia in 15 households with a leprosy patient and 15 matched control
      households. Household contacts of lepromatous patients showed significantly
      greater LTT responses to antigens from M. leprae than the controls, whereas
      household contacts of tuberculoid patients did not respond differently from
      controls. Household contacts of lepromatous patients had significantly greater
      responses to M. leprae antigens when the index patients were "active," i.e.,
      highly bacilliferous, than when they were "inactive," i.e., having a low
      bacillary load. The degree of sensitization, as indicated by the LTT response, in
      different exposure groups paralleled the degree of probable infectivity of the
      index patient. A preparation of antigen from whole M. leprae proved to be more
      sensitive and more specific in the LTT than did a sonicated preparation. A
      significant degree of cross-reactivity was found among the various mycobacteria
      in their LTT responses.

PMID- 378872
TI  - Lymphocyte transformation test in healthy contacts of patients with leprosy. II.
      Influence of consanguinity with the patient, sex, and age.
AB  - The study was carried out in the Gurage area of Ethiopia, where 53 household
      contacts of lepromatous patients, 37 household contacts of tuberculoid patients,
      and 91 control persons were examined with the lymphocyte transformation test
      (LTT) for their responses to whole and sonicated antigen preparation from M.
      leprae to BCG, M. avium, M. gordonae and phytohemagglutinin. The potential
      influence of host factors, namely the state of consanguinity with the leprosy
      patient, sex and age on the LTT responses was evaluated. In the 35 household
      contacts of "active," i.e., highly bacilliferous, lepromatous patients,
      consanguinity with a lepromatous patient was not associated with a significant
      depression of the LTT responses to M. leprae antigens. Male household contacts of
      active lepromatous patients showed significantly greater LTT responses to M.
      leprae antigens than female household contacts. Possible confounding factors for
      this finding are discussed. Sensitization of M. leprae antigens was present
      already in a high proportion of the 6 to 14 year old household contacts of active
      lepromatous patients, which was the youngest age group examined in our study. No
      significant results were found in any of the other patient contact groups with
      regard to the host factors examined.

PMID- 378873
TI  - Teaching and training in leprosy.

PMID- 378874
TI  - Vasant Ramji Khanolkar, 1895--1978.

PMID- 378875
TI  - Committee 2: workshop on the microbiology of leprosy.

PMID- 378876
TI  - Committee 4: workshop on experimental chemotherapy of leprosy.

PMID- 378877
TI  - 100 years of Pennsylvania dermatology: Part I.

PMID- 378878
TI  - On John Hunter.

PMID- 378879
TI  - The complement system in pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid and herpes gestationis.

PMID- 378880
TI  - The annular erythemas.

PMID- 378881
TI  - 100 years of Pennsylvania dermatology: Part 2.

PMID- 378882
TI  - Calcium-dependent process in reduction of cell surface charge after x
      irradiation.
AB  - The electrophoretic mobility (EPM) of rat erythrocytes and cultured melanoma
      cells decreased with time after X-irradiation in the presence of calcium at
      concentrations higher than 10 (-5) M. At 37 degrees C, the presence of calcium
      for the first 20 min of exposure was suffcient to induce the EPM reduction, and
      Ca 2+ administration subsequent to Ca 2+ -free incubation for 30 min following
      irradiation had no effect on EPM. At lower temperatures, from 10 down to 20
      degrees C however, the effect of calcium on the reduction of EPM decreased
      drastically. If the cells were kept Ca 2+ -inonophore A23187 also induced to
      decrease in EPM only in the presence of Ca 2+. These results revealed the
      transitory existence of membrane condition reactive to extracellular Ca 2+
      immediately after X-irradiation, which can be postponed at low temperatures. The
      reduction of EPM by Ca 2+ -ionophore might suggest that the influx of Ca 2+ is a
      step in the reduction of EPM after X-irradiation.

PMID- 378883
TI  - Surface rehabilitation.

PMID- 378884
TI  - B-cell tolerance and autoimmunity.

PMID- 378885
TI  - Methods of measuring intracellular calcium.

PMID- 378886
TI  - Electron microscope autoradiography of calcified tissues.

PMID- 378887
TI  - Some aspects of double-stranded hairpin structures in heterogeneous nuclear RNA.

PMID- 378889
TI  - [Basic principles of active and passive immunizations].

PMID- 378888
TI  - [Laws, ordinances and guidelines for active and passive immunization].

PMID- 378891
TI  - [Indications and implementation of preventive vaccination in travels abroad].

PMID- 378890
TI  - [Indications and implementation of preventive vaccination in the inland].

PMID- 378892
TI  - [BCG vaccination].

PMID- 378893
TI  - [Use of immune serums in the management of infectious diseases].

PMID- 378895
TI  - The significance of Freud's trip to Orvieto.

PMID- 378894
TI  - Endothelial cell density in relation to morphology.
AB  - Corneal endothelium of 121 normal corneas was studied with the clinical specular
      microscope, and the relationship between cell density, cell morphology, and age
      was examined. Our observations indicate a decrease in cell density with age in
      homomegethous endothelium but no such correlation in a polymegethous endothelium.

PMID- 378896
TI  - A review of experience with cardiac transplantation.
AB  - Despite the hazards of rejection and the complications of immunosuppression,
      cardiac transplantation is the only available treatment for myocardial disease
      that is refractory to medical therapy and in which no other form of surgery can
      be offered. There are disadvantages to orthotopic cardiac transplantation, which
      have led to the development by this department of the heterotopic cardiac
      transplant, which functions as a natural left-heart and right-heart assist
      device. The results of 19 cases are presented.

PMID- 378897
TI  - Pathology of viral hepatitis.

PMID- 378900
TI  - [Disseminated perforating annular granuloma].
AB  - A case of disseminated perforating granuloma annulare is presented. Concomitant
      diseases and exogeneous factors previously described as eliciting mechanisms were
      not found. Treatment with corticosteroids or cloroquin was not successful. All
      lesions were cleared with photochemotherapy within eight weeks.

PMID- 378898
TI  - Chronic active hepatitis: immunopathogenesis and immunotherapy.

PMID- 378899
TI  - [Immunotherapy of recurrent Herpes simplex diseases].
AB  - Different methods of immunotherapy in patients with recurrent herpes simplex
      diseases are reported. The clinical improvement after immunostimulation with
      heterologous or homologous antigens is demonstrated. The results of different
      authors are summarized and compared with our own results. In ten patients the
      lymphocyte stimulation was studied with the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT)
      as a parameter for cell-mediated immunity. The LTT was performed before
      immunotherapy and four months later. No difference was found in the lymphocyte
      stimulation by phytohaemagglutinine or by an antigen, containing heat-inactivated
      herpes simplex virus.

PMID- 378901
TI  - [Serological demonstration of a Treponema pallidum reinfection].
AB  - An improved method for precise separation of 19-S-IgM from other immunoglobulines
      reveals the reappearance of antitreponemal 19-S-IgM-antibodies after reinfection
      in five patients. The IgM-FTA-ABS-test with non-separated full-serum was non
      reactive in all cases due to competitive inhibition. The new assay apparently
      permits a clear differentiation between reinfection and non-specific increase of
      titers in lipoidal antigen tests. Treatment failures can be distinguished from
      reinfections in cases where this method can continuously be applied.

PMID- 378902
TI  - [25 years of the Allergy and Dermatological Clinic Nordeney].

PMID- 378904
TI  - [Infection of burns].

PMID- 378903
TI  - Successful long-term suppression of previously refractory paroxysmal ventricular
      tachycardia with bretylium tosylate.

PMID- 378905
TI  - [Sudden death caused by massive air embolism during respirator therapy in the
      newborn].
AB  - A premature male infant with hyaline membrane disease succumbed suddenly during
      continuous positive pressure respirator therapy. Autopsy revealed a very rare
      complication to be the cause of sudden death: air embolization to pulmonary
      veins, right ventricle and superior and inferior venae cavae as well as
      interstitial and subpleural emphysema, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and
      pneumopericardium. The important role of lymphatic vessels as a port of entry for
      air is stressed.

PMID- 378906
TI  - [Familial nonendemic hemolytic uremic syndrome: nephrectomy and transplantation
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of familial hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in a four"year-old boy is
      reported. In his family four adult members are affected with the same disease. In
      the present patient we decided to perform bilateral nephrectomy because of the
      inexorable evolution of the disease. The intervention was followed by a distinct
      improvement, both from the clinical and the laboratory point of view. The child
      has profited of a renal transplantation. Unfortunately, he died three weeks later
      because of a severe urological complication. The aim of this study was to examine
      the effect of bilateral nephrectomy and transplantation on the clinical,
      laboratory and pathologic anatomical findings, and to analyze the literature, in
      order to find out whether these measures should be applied in the treatment of
      familial HUS with severe evolution. The observations seem to confirm the
      hypothesis of a renal pathogenesis of primary non endemic familial HUS.
      Nephrectomy seems to stop the disease, and the risk of a recurrence of the HUS
      after transplantation may be small. The occurrence of the disease in five family
      members in three generations was interpreted in favour of a genetic
      predisposition with a dominant gene.

PMID- 378907
TI  - The use of proteolytic enzymes to improve immunoglobulin staining by the PAP
      technique.
AB  - Proteolytic enzymes, protease and trypsin have recently been introduced to reduce
      the inconsistency hitherto encountered in the unlabelled antibody--enzyme method
      using PAP. This study investigated factors determining the optimum conditions for
      use of such enzymes in order to establish which one is most suitable. Trypsin was
      the most effective enzyme; however, its activity decreased over 3 h, a feature
      paralleled immunocytochemically. Method and duration of fixation appears to
      influence the required time of exposure to trypsin in order that consistent
      immunostaining may be produced. Treatment of sections with trypsin prior to the
      use of the unlabelled antibody--enzyme method using PAP renders the technique
      reliable, provided the enzyme is used in a carefully controlled manner.

PMID- 378908
TI  - Production of specific antibodies to contractile proteins and their use in
      immunofluorescence microscopy. III. Antiobody against human uterine smooth muscle
      myosin.
AB  - The preparation of highly purified myosin from surgical specimen of human uterine
      muscle is described. Antibodies were raised in rabbits against this immunogen. In
      immunodiffusion, they react with uterine and chicken gizzard muscle myosin, no
      reaction is observed between uterine myosin and the anti-chicken-gizzard- myosin.
      In immunofluorescence, anti-uterine-myosin stains smooth muscle in the
      contractile and "modulated" state and non-muscle cells such as fibroblasts,
      platelets and endothelium of various species. Thus, these antibodies contrast
      anti-gizzard-myosin, which has previously been shown to be specific for
      contractile state muscle cells. We therefore conclude that the uterine myosin
      preparation consists of two immunogens, the one being associated with cell
      contractility and the other, termed cytoplasmic myosin, with motility and
      mitosis. The latter is indistinguishable from the myosin present in non-muscle
      cells and can be absorbed specifically with actomyosin from blood platelets.

PMID- 378909
TI  - Suppression of aortic elastic tissue autofluorescence for the detection of viral
      antigen.
AB  - Suppression of aortic elastic tissue autofluorescence was achieved by employing a
      modification of Verhoeff's elastic tissue staining procedure. Consquently,
      coxsackievirus B antigen present in the aortic media was detected by conventional
      fluorescent antibody staining.

PMID- 378910
TI  - Bombesin-like immunoreactivity in the avian gut and its localisation to a
      distinct cell type.
AB  - The distribution of a bombesin-like immunoreactive peptide in the avian gastro
      intestinal tract was analysed by combined radioimmunoassay and
      immunocytochemistry. Radioimmunoassay of tissue extracts showed that the largest
      quantities of bombesin-like immunoreactivity were present in the proventriculus
      (64.5 +/- 6.0 pmol/g) with smaller but still considerable amounts in the gizzard
      (40.0 +/- 6.0 pmol/g). Immunocytochemically the extractable bombesin-like
      immunoreactivity was localised in numerous endocrine cells. These, in the
      proventriculus, were found mainly in the deeper layers of the mucosa. Further
      study of these cells by the semi-thin/thin technique revealed the presence of
      characteristic secretory granules. The functional name BN is proposed for this
      cell type.

PMID- 378912
TI  - Endocrine factors influencing radiation injury to central nervous tissue.

PMID- 378911
TI  - [Acute acoustic trauma. The therapeutic effect of bencyclan in a controlled
      clinical trial (author's transl)].
AB  - In a retrospective study 103 patients with acute acoustic trauma (AAT) were
      investigated. The control group (53 patients) was treated with Dextran 40 (10%
      solution), neurotrop vitamins and Betahistin. Bencyclan was administered
      additionally in the test group (50 patients). Statistical analysis of the
      audiometric data showed the following results: 1. Mean hearing levels of the test
      group showed better improvement of threshold shifts, if the therapy started
      within 2 days or after more than 10 days after the AAT. 2. Regression-and
      correlation coefficients, however, in a regression analysis of absolute hearing
      gains and hearing losses before therapy, did not indicate a substantial effect of
      Bencyclan. 3. Neither did statistical tests with relative hearing gains show any
      significant differences between test-and control groups. Consequently Bencyclan
      is not likely to have a positive effect in AAT, if it is administered in the
      above mentioned way.

PMID- 378913
TI  - Brigit van der Werf-Messing, MD.

PMID- 378914
TI  - Radiation therapy for tumors of the pineal region.

PMID- 378915
TI  - Ernest Rutherford.

PMID- 378916
TI  - 1978 William V. Silverberg Award Presentation Address.

PMID- 378917
TI  - A memorial: Norman Alexander Cameron, Ph.D. M.D.

PMID- 378918
TI  - Lung interdependence and lung-chest wall interaction of sublobar and lobar units
      in pigs.
AB  - In anesthetized and paralyzed pigs in the left decubitus position we obstructed,
      at functional residual capacity (FRC), either the right middle and lower lobes,
      or a small posterior basal lung unit, and then passively inflated the
      unobstructed remaining lung. Measurements were made of alveolar pressure in the
      obstructed and unobstructed lung regions as well as of esophageal pressure. The
      tendency of the obstructed lung region to inflate as the remainder of the lung
      was inflated was assessed by an index (A), which was the end-inspiratory pressure
      difference between unobstructed and obstructed alveolar pressures, normalized by
      the change in elastic recoil of unobstructed lung. With the chest wall intact,
      inflation of unobstructed lung resulted in a tendency to inflate the obstructed
      regions. This tendency was abolished with the chest wall removed. In a second
      group of pigs with the basilar lung unit obstructed, the height of the unit was
      changed by turning a pig from right to left decubitus positions. In each position
      A was assessed with both spontaneous and positive pressure ventilation. The
      magnitude of A was found to vary directly with the magnitude of caudal
      diaphragmatic motion and was greatest with the lung unit dependent and with
      spontaneous ventilation. These results suggest that lung-chest wall interaction
      was a more important factor tending to preserve homogenous inflation than lung
      tissue interdependence.

PMID- 378919
TI  - Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in a cat.

PMID- 378920
TI  - Implications of the Bakke decision for veterinary college admissions.

PMID- 378921
TI  - Microbiological applications of the inactivation of antibiotics and other
      antimicrobial agents.

PMID- 378922
TI  - A note on the effect of different types of agar on the recovery of heated
      Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 378923
TI  - A comparison of methods and the validity of deoxyribonuclease tests for the
      characterization of staphylococci isolated from animals.

PMID- 378924
TI  - Bowlby reviews 30 years of child development study.

PMID- 378925
TI  - Effect of ammonium ions on activity of hydrolytic enzymes during sporulation of
      yeast.
AB  - The addition of 10 mM ammonium sulfate to sporulation medium noncoordinately
      blocked the increases in protease C, protease B, alpha-mannosidase, and 1,4
      amyloglucosidase activities which occur during normal sporulation of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but had only a minor effect on the 10-fold increase in
      alkaline phosphatase activity.

PMID- 378926
TI  - Inhibition of Escherichia coli biodegradative threonine dehydratase by pyruvate.
AB  - Pyruvate inhibits Escherichia coli K-12 biodegradative threonine dehydratase
      activity by a mechanism distinct from product inhibition by alpha-ketobutyrate
      and catabolite inactivation by intermediary metabolites.

PMID- 378927
TI  - Behavior of penicillin-binding proteins in Escherichia coli upon heat and
      detergent treatments and partial purification of penicillin-binding proteins 1A
      and 1B.
AB  - Penicillin-binding proteins differ greatly in heat sensitivity and sensitivity to
      detergents. The partial purification of penicillin-binding 1A and 1B proteins
      from Escherichia coli is described.

PMID- 378928
TI  - Nature of transforming deoxyribonucleic acid in calcium-treated Escherichia coli.
AB  - A study of the reactivation of ultraviolet-irradiated plasmid and phage
      deoxyribonucleic acid molecules after transformation into Escherichia coli
      strains indicated that, when double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid was used as
      the donor species, it was taken up without conversion to the single-standed form.

PMID- 378929
TI  - A new locus of Escherichia coli that determines sensitivity to bacteriophage phi
      X174.
AB  - A new gene designated phxB, necessary for adsorption of phiX174 to the cell
      surface of Escherichia coli, is located between gal and aroG on the E. coli
      chromosome.

PMID- 378930
TI  - Order of genes near nif in Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AB  - Analysis of strains with deletions of all or part of nif have ordered the
      Klebsiella pneumoniae genetic loci as thi rbt dal udk gnd rfb has nif shiA. The
      his-nif plasmids pRD1 and pTM4010 contain the genes gnd rfb his nif shiA.

PMID- 378931
TI  - Types of beta-lactamase determined by plasmids in gram-negative bacteria.
AB  - Two species of beta-lactamase determined by plasmids in enteric bacteria that
      show some resemblance to TEM enzymes are described. Both are distinct from all
      other plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases and differ from the TEM beta-lactamases in
      ability to hydrolyze some substrates, in isoelectric point, in immunological
      specificity, and in susceptibility to inhibition. One of the enzyme species,
      mediated by plasmid p453, has been briefly described previously. We have
      discovered that this beta-lactamase, designated SHV-1, is unique in its response
      to inhibition by the sulfhydryl group reagent p-chloromercuribenzoate, because
      the hydrolysis of cephaloridine but not that of benzylpenicillin is affected.
      This enzyme is found in a variety of plasmid types which were transferred from
      several bacterial species collected from a wide geographic range. The other
      enzyme species is novel; only a single plasmid determining this kind of beta
      lactamase (designated HMS-1) has been detected.

PMID- 378932
TI  - Organization of structural and regulatory genes that mediate tetracycline
      resistance in transposon Tn10.
AB  - The location of Tn10 genes encoding tetracycline resistance and its regulation
      was determined by analyzing the properties of recombinant plasmids carrying
      partial HpaI digestion products of lambda::Tn10 transducing phage
      deoxyribonucleic acid. Within a 2,700-base pair region are encoded tetracycline
      resistance, the structural gene (tet) for a tetracycline-inducible polypeptide,
      and the regulatory elements for the induction of both the resistance phenotype
      and the polypeptide. Fusion of different sequences to an HpaI site in the tet
      gene alters the molecular weight and stability of the polypeptide as well as the
      tetracycline resistance phenotype of strains producing fusion polypeptides. These
      results indicate the orientation of the tet gene and support the conclusion that
      the tet polypeptie is required for tetracycline resistance. A HincII cleavage
      site immediately upstream from the tet gene is protected by ribonucleic acid
      polymerase, but only the absence of ribonucleotide triphosphates. The possibility
      that tet transcription is initiated at this site is discussed.

PMID- 378933
TI  - Restriction enzyme cleavage sites surrounding the structural gene for the
      lipoprotein of the Escherichia coli outer membrane.
AB  - The purified messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for the lipoprotein of the
      Escherichia coli outer membrane was hybridized with fragments obtained by
      digestion of E. coli chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) with eight different
      restriction enzymes. For each restriction enzyme digestion, one specific fragment
      separated by agarose gel electrophoresis was found to hybridize with the
      lipoprotein mRNA. From the analysis of restriction fragments generated by double
      digestions with various combinations of restriction enzymes, cleavage sites for
      the restriction enzymes near the locus of the lipoprotein structural gene (lpp)
      were mapped. No restriction fragments of DNA from the E. coli lpp-2 mutant
      hybridized with the lipoprotein mRNA, confirming that the mutant has a deletion
      mutation in the vicinity of the lpp gene.

PMID- 378934
TI  - Apparent involvement of purines in the control of expression of Salmonella
      typhimurium pyr genes: analysis of a leaky guaB mutant resistant to pyrimidine
      analogs.
AB  - A leaky guaB mutant of Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 was obtained during a
      selection for mutants resistant to a combination of the two pyrimidine analogs, 5
      fluorouracil and 5-fluorouridine. In the absence of exogenous guanine compounds,
      the growth rate of this mutant is limited by the endogenous supply of guanine
      nucleotides due to a defective inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase. Under
      these conditions the guanosine 5'-triphosphate pool is about 20% of normal, the
      cytidine 5'-triphosphate pool is reduced to below 60%, and the uridine 5'
      triphosphate pool is slightly elevated. Simultaneously, levels of the pyrimidine
      biosynthetic enzymes are abnormal: aspartate transcarbamylase, orotate
      phosphoribosyltransferase, and orotidylic acid decarboxylase levels are increased
      4-, 11-, and 3-fold, respectively. Levels of dihydroorotase and dihydroorotate
      dehydrogenase are decreased to 10 and 20%, respectively. The pyrimidine
      metabolism of the guaB mutant is restored completely by addition of guanine (or
      xanthine) to the growth medium. The data indicate purine nucleotide involvement
      in the regulation of expression of the pyr genes of S. typhimurium.

PMID- 378936
TI  - Mechanism of export of colicin E1 and colicin E3.
AB  - The mechanism of export of colicins E1 and E3 was examined. Neither colicin E1,
      colicin E3, Nor colicin E3 immunity protein appears to be synthesized as a
      precursor protein with an amino-terminal extension. Instead, the colicins, as
      well as the colicin E3 immunity protein, appear to leave the cells where they are
      made, long after their synthesis, by a nonspecific mechanism which results in
      increased permeability of the producing cells. Induction of ColE3-containing
      cells with mitomycin C leads to actual lysis of those cells, as some time after
      synthesis of the colicin E3 and its immunity protein has been completed.
      Induction of ColE1-containing cells results in increased permeability of the
      cells, but not in actual lysis, and most of the colicin E1 produced never leaves
      the producing cells. Intracellular proteins such as elongation factor G can be
      found outside of colicinogenic cells after mitomycin C induction, along with the
      colicin. Until substantial increases in permeability occur, most of the colicin
      remains cell associated, in the soluble cytosol, rather than in a membrane
      associated form.

PMID- 378935
TI  - Relation of chemotactic response to the amount of receptor: evidence for
      different efficiencies of signal transduction.
AB  - We determined the content of galactose-glucose-, maltose-, and ribose-binding
      proteins in cells of Escherichia coli K-12 grown in a variety of media and also
      measured the respective transport and chemotactic activities that depend on those
      binding proteins. Correlation of the level of induction of a particular binding
      protein with the extent of tactic activity mediated by that protein indicates
      that the magnitude of the tactic response to a particular stimulating compound is
      a direct function of the number of receptors per cell. In contrast, comparison of
      the magnitudes of response to substances recognized by independent receptors
      indicates that some stimulus-receptor complexes are more effective in eliciting
      tactic responses than are others. Thus, the magnitude of response to any
      particular stimulating compound is a function both of the number of receptors per
      cell and of the effectiveness of the stimulus-receptor complex. Considerations of
      available information about the tactic response to maltose suggest that the
      effectiveness of a stimulus-receptor complex is related to the transducer with
      which the receptor interacts. The tar product appears to be a relatively
      effective transducer of the signals it accepts from receptors for aspartate,
      alpha-methylaspartate, and maltose, whereas the trg product appears to be a
      relatively ineffective transducer of signals it accepts from receptors for
      galactose and ribose.

PMID- 378937
TI  - Penicillin selection of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid repair mutants.
AB  - A rapid method has been developed for isolation of ultraviolet-sensitive mutants
      of Escherichia coli, by inducing delay in the growth and/or division of repair
      deficienct cells with low fluences of far-ultraviolet radiation, and killing with
      penicillin the repair-proficient cells, which continue to grow and divide. With
      this technique, we have achieved about a 3,000-fold enrichment for
      photoreactivation less (phr) cells and have isolated and characterized three phr
      mutants.

PMID- 378938
TI  - Genetic mapping of a mutation affecting pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - A mutation, pnt-1, causing loss of pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase activity
      in Escherichia coli, was mapped by assaying for the enzyme in extracts of
      recombinant strains produced by conjugation, F-duction, and P1 transduction. The
      site of this mutation was near min 35, counterclockwise from man, and it co
      transduced 59% with man. The mutation was associated with loss from the cell
      membrane fraction of energy-independent and adenosine 5'-triphosphate-dependent
      transhydrogenase activities, but reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
      dehydrogenase activity was not affected. Strains were constructed which lack
      phosphoglucoisomerase (pgi-2) and which carry either pnt+ or pnt-1. Although such
      strains, when grown on glucose, are expected to produce a large excess of reduced
      nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, the growth rate was not affected by
      the pnt-1 allele.

PMID- 378939
TI  - Modulation of cytochrome biosynthesis in yeast by antimetabolite action of
      levulinic acid.
AB  - Levulinic acid, a competitive inhibitor of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase,
      was used to inhibit cytochrome biosynthesis in growing yeast cells. In
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae the antimetabolite acts by inhibiting delta
      aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in vivo, causing an accumulation of intracellular
      delta-aminolevulinic acid and simultaneous decreases in all classes of
      mitochondrial cytochromes. Changes in cellular cytochrome content with increasing
      levulinic acid concentration suggested the existence of different regulatory
      patterns in S. cerevisiae and Candida utilis. In C. utilis, cytochrome a.a3
      formation is very resistant to the antimetabolite action of levulinic acid. In
      this aerobic yeast, cytochrome c+c1 is the most sensitive to levulinic acid, and
      cytochrome b exhibits intermediate sensitivity.

PMID- 378940
TI  - Isolation and preliminary characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae proline
      auxotrophs.
AB  - Proline-requiring mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated. Each
      mutation is recessive and is inherited as expected for a single nuclear gene.
      Three complementation groups cold be defined which are believed to correspond to
      mutations in the three genes (pro1, pro2, and pro3) coding for the three enzymes
      of the pathway. Mutants defective in the pro1 and pro2 genes can be satisfied by
      arginine or ornithine as well as proline. This suggests that the blocks are in
      steps leading to glutamate semialdehyde, either in glutamyl kinase or glutamyl
      phosphate reductase. A pro3 mutant has been shown by enzyme assay to be deficient
      in delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase which converts pyrroline-5
      carboxylate to proline. A unique feature of yeast proline auxotrophs is their
      failure to grown on the rich medium, yeast extract-peptone-glucose. This failure
      is not understood at present, although it accounts for the absence of proline
      auxotrophs in previous screening for amino acid auxotrophy.

PMID- 378941
TI  - Genes coding for ribosomal proteins S15, L21, and L27 map near argG in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Mutants with alterations in the structural genes for ribosomal proteins S15, L21,
      and L27 were used in mapping the genes coding for these proteins. Results from
      P1kc-mediated transductions indicate that the genes for L21 (rplU) and L27 (rpmA)
      form a gene cluster and are located between argG and gltB at 68.1 min, whereas
      the gene for S15 (rpsO) is situated close to, but on the opposite side or, argG.
      The gene order in this region is concluded to be gltB-(rplU, rpmA)-argG-rpsO-mtr.

PMID- 378942
TI  - Chemical heterogeneity of major outer membrane pore proteins of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Peptide mapping and isoelectric focusing were used to compare the major outer
      membrane pore proteins from various strains of Escherichia coli K-12, including
      strains carrying mutations in the nmpA, nmpB, and nmpC genes which result in the
      production of new membrane proteins. Proteins 1a, 1b, and 2 and the NmpA proteins
      each gave unique peptide and isoelectric focusing profiles, indicating that these
      are different polypeptides. The NmpA protein and the NmpB protein appeared to be
      identical by these criteria. The NmpC protein and protein 2 were nearly
      identical, although one different peptide was observed in comparing the
      proteolytic peptide maps of these proteins and there were slight differences in
      their isoelectric focusing profiles. Antiserum against protein 2 showed partial
      cross-reactivity with the NmpC protein. These results indicate that the various
      pore proteins of E. coli K-12 fall into four different classes.

PMID- 378943
TI  - Characterization of Azotobacter vinelandii deoxyribonucleic acid and folded
      chromosomes.
AB  - The properties of Azotobacter vinelandii deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and folded
      chromosomes were studied and compared to those of Escherichia coli as a standard.
      Based on melting temperature and buoyant density measurements, the guanosine +
      cytosine content of purified A. vinelandii DNA was 65%, whereas that of E. coli
      DNA was 50%. The results of renaturation studies showed that the unique DNA
      sequence lengths of the two organisms were similar with Cot1/2 values of 7.3 +/-
      0.4 mol.s/liter and 7.5 +/- 0.3 mol.s/liter, respectively, for A. vinelandii and
      E. coli. Folded chromosomes of A. vinelandii sedimented in a centrifugal field at
      a rate identical to those derived from E. coli, 1,600 to 1,700S. Based on the DNA
      content per cell and the mass of a single genome, A. vinelandii contains at least
      40 chromosomes per cell.

PMID- 378944
TI  - Asymmetric transcription of R plasmid NR1 in Proteus mirabilis.
AB  - The composite R plasmid NR1, its resistance transfer factor which specifies
      resistance to tetracycline (RTF-Tc component), and its r-determinants component
      were each denatured and centrifuged to equilibrium in CsCl density gradients
      containing polyuridylic acid-polyguanidylic acid. The complementary
      deoxyribonucleic acid strands of NR1 and the complementary strands of the RTF-Tc
      component could be separated by this technique because of a threefold difference
      in polyuridylic acid-polyguanidylic acid binding to the strands of the RTF-Tc
      component. The two strands of the r-determinants component bound equal amounts of
      polyuridylic acid-polyguanidylic acid. Hybridization of single strands of plasmid
      deoxyribonucleic acid with in vivo-labeled ribonucleic acid from Proteus
      mirabilis containing NR1 indicated that transcription within the RTF-Tc component
      is from the NR1 strand which preferentially binds polyuridylic acid
      polyguanidylic acid, whereas transcription within the r-determinants component is
      predominantly from the complementary strand.

PMID- 378946
TI  - Biosynthesis of murein lipoprotein in Escherichia coli: effects of 3,4
      dihydroxybutyl-1-phosphonate.
AB  - The effects of 3,4-dihydroxybutyl-1-phosphonate, a four-carbon analog of sn
      glycerol 3-phosphate, on the biosynthesis of the glyceryl moiety in murein
      lipoprotein of Escherichia coli were studied. The compound at a concentration of
      55 microM strong inhibits in the incorporation of [2-3H]glycerol radioactivity
      into lipoprotein by virtue of its inhibition of the synthesis of
      phosphatidylglycerol. On the other hand, the incorporation of prelabeled [2
      3H]glycerol radioactivity into lipoprotein was only partially inhbited by 3,4
      dihydroxybutyl-1-phosphonate even at a much higher concentration (1 mM). These
      data were consistent with the postulated pathway for the biosynthesis of the
      lipid moiety in lipoportein: cysteine-lipoprotein + phosphatidylglycerol leads to
      glycerylcystein-lipoprotein + phosphatidic acid.

PMID- 378945
TI  - In vivo regulation of chromosomal beta-lactamase in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Chromosomal beta-lactamase, a periplasmic enzyme of Escherichia coli, was studied
      with respect to its regulation in vivo. Both the activity and the amount of beta
      lactamase increased with growth rate. During a nutritional shift-down,
      chromosomal beta-lactamase activity followed stable ribonucleic acid
      accumulation. After a nutritional shift-up the differential rate of beta
      lactamase synthesis did not increase immediately (like stable ribonucleic acid),
      but did increase after a lag period of 30 min. To determine whether beta
      lactamase was under stringent control, strains carrying a temperature-sensitive
      valyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase and differing only in the allelic
      state of the relA gene were shifted from a permissive to a semipermissive
      temperature. No influence by the relA gene product was found on beta-lactamase
      synthesis. The regulation of this periplasmic enzyme is discussed in relation to
      that of some components of the translational apparatus.

PMID- 378947
TI  - Alteration of colonial morphology of Acholeplasma laidlawii and Acholeplasma
      modicum by infection with Mycoplasmatales viruses.
AB  - Morphologically aberrant colonies resulted from the infection of Acholeplasma
      laidlawii with two of its three known viruses and from Acholeplasma modicum cells
      naturally carrying virus. The patterns of colonial alteration differed between
      cells infected with the two A. laidlawii viruses. Colonies derived from single
      cells infected with the bullet-shaped virus MV-L1 (Mycoplasmatales virus
      laidlawii-1) had a radial sectoring pattern of intracolonial swellings ("blebs"),
      whereas cells infected with the tailed icosahedral virus MV-L3 contained bubble
      like blebs. Colonies from cellsinfected with the enveloped virus MV-L2 appeared
      identical to those obrained from uninfected cells. Aberrant colonies contained
      10(6) colony-forming units of organisms and 10(6) plaque-forming units of virus
      serologically identical to the infecting type, indicating that both the virus and
      host organism were capable of simultaneous replication. Enumeration of virus by
      means of counting aberrant colonies was 30-fold more sensitive than infectious
      center assay for MV-L1 and 1.2- to 2-fold higher for MV-L3. Furthermore, blebbed
      colonies plaquing with a new virus specific to A. modicum. Thus, blebbing in
      colonies provides a valuable marker for detection of the Mycoplasmatales viruses.

PMID- 378948
TI  - Binding of lysozyme to common pili of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Common pili from Escherichia coli were found to bind hen egg white lysozyme. The
      binding was highly dependent on ionic strength, and the maximum binding occurred
      near an ionic strength of 0.02. The pili were aggregated by lysozyme, and this
      process could be followed by optical turbidity, electron microscopy, and
      coprecipitation. Near the maximum saturation of binding, one lysozyme molecule
      was bound by two pilus protein subunits. Electron micrographs of this aggregate 
      indicated that they were paracrystalline structures. Piliated bacteria were more
      readily agglutinated by lysozyme than were nonpiliated bacteria. Since lysozyme
      is considered to be an antibacterial humoral factor and since pili are considered
      to be a colonization factor, the binding of lysozyme may represent an important
      bacterium-host interaction

PMID- 378949
TI  - Role of exonucleases V and VIII in adenosine 5'-triphosphate- and deoxynucleotide
      triphosphate-dependent strand break repair in toluenized Escherichia coli cells
      treated with X-rays.
AB  - The repair of X-ray-induced strand breaks was studied in permeabilized
      Escherichia coli recBC cells deficient for the adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)
      dependent exonuclease V and in recBC sbcA cells that possess the ATP-independent
      exonuclease VIII. It is shown that repair induced by additon of ATP does not take
      place in recBC and recBC sbcB cells and is limited in recBC sbcA cells. ATP
      dependent repair is nevertheless observable if together with ATP a mixture of
      deoxynucleotide monophosphates is supplied to the cells. These data fit with the
      assumption that in wild-type cells ATP-dependent repair involves exonuclease V
      induced deoxyribonucleic acid degradation and rephosphorylation of the
      degradation products which are reused for deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I
      dependent break closure. Repair in the presence of deoxynucleotide triphosphates
      rejoins a similar fraction of breaks in all strains tested irrespective of the
      amount of postirradiation degradation resulting from exonuclease V and
      exonuclease VIII activities. Thus, exonuclease V is dispensable for
      deoxynucleotide triphosphate-dependent repair, i.e., does not "clean" the ends of
      breaks produced by X-irradiation. ATP- and deoxynucleotide triphosphate-dependent
      repair are not additive and seem to repair the same population of
      deoxyribonucleic acid molecules damaged by X-irradiation.

PMID- 378950
TI  - Functional homology of chemotaxis genes in Escherichia coli and Salmonella
      typhimurium.
AB  - Generally nonchemotactic mutants of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium
      were analyzed by interspecies complementation tests to determine the functional
      correspondence between the che genes of these two organisms. The E. coli che
      region was introduced into Salmonella recipients by means of a series of F-prime
      elements. Wild-type che genes of E. coli F'420 complemented all che mutants of
      Salmonella except cheS, cheV, and a subclass of cheU. A series of tester episomes
      carrying E. coli che mutations were then used to determine which E. coli che
      function was responsible for the complementation of each Salmonella che defect.
      By this method, the following correspondences were determined: cheAE and
      chePS,cheWE, and cheWS, cheXE and cheRS, cheYE and cheQS, cheCE and cheUS, cheBE
      and cheXS, and cheZE and cheTS. (The subscripts E and S refer to E. coli and S.
      typhimurium genes, respectively.) In some tests, especially those involving the
      last two pairs of genes, poor complementation was observed between
      noncorresponding genes. A model explaining these observations in terms of subunit
      interactions is proposed.

PMID- 378951
TI  - Second EcoRI fragment of F capable of self-replication.
AB  - The cloning of fragments of F' plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid produced by
      restriction endonuclease EcoRI has revealed that fragment f7, not previously
      suspected to have replicative properties, is able to replicate autonomously. The
      ability of f7 to replicate was observed when it was cloned with fragments coding
      for resistance to either kanamycin or streptomycin and sulfonamide. Such f7
      miniplasmids have been obtained from an F'lac+ and two F'gal+ temperature
      sensitive mutant plasmids and from the unmutated F plasmid. Plasmids containing
      both f5 and f7 fragments were also obtained. Expression of resistance to "female
      specific" bacteriophages requires that f5 and f7 be present in the same plasmid
      since cells containing separate f5 and f7 plasmids are not resistant to
      bacteriophage phi II. f7 plasmids were less stable than miniplasmids containing
      f5, particularly at fast growth rates. The bearing of these results on the
      isolation and behavior of temperature-sensitive F mutants is discussed.

PMID- 378952
TI  - Physiological effects of seven different blocks in glycolysis in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants unable to grow and ferment glucose have been
      isolated. Of 45 clones isolated, 25 had single enzyme defects of one of the
      following activities: phosphoglucose isomerase (pgi), phosphofructokinase (pfk),
      triosephosphate isomerase (tpi), phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk),
      phosphoglyceromutase (pgm), and pyruvate kinase (pyk). Phosphofructokinase
      activities in crude extracts of the pfk mutant were only 2% of the wild-type
      level. However, normal growth on glucose medium and normal fermentation of
      glucose suggested either that the mutant enzyme was considerably more active in
      vivo or, alternatively, that 2% residual activity was sufficient for normal
      glycolysis. All other mutants were moderately to strongly inhibited by glucose.
      Unusually high concentrations of glycolytic metabolites were observed before the
      reaction catalyzed by the enzyme which was absent in a given mutant strain when
      incubated on glucose. This confirmed at the cellular level the location of the
      defect as determined by enzyme assays. With adh (lacks all three alcohol
      dehydrogenase isozymes) and pgk mutants, accumulation of the typical levels of
      hexosephosphates was prevented when respiration was blocked with antimycin A. A
      typical feature of all glycolytic mutants described here was the rapid depletion
      of the intracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate pool after transfer to glucose
      medium. No correlation of low or high levels of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate with
      the degree of catabolite repression and inactivation could be found. This
      observation does not support the concept that hexose metabolites are directly
      involved in these regulatory mechanisms in yeast.

PMID- 378953
TI  - Regulation of the biosynthesis of aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetases
      and of transfer ribonucleic acid in Escherichia coli. V. Mutants with increased
      levels of valyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase.
AB  - Spontaneous revertants of a temperature-sensitive Escherichia coli strain
      harboring a thermolabile valyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase were
      selected for growth at 40 degrees C. Of these, a large number still contain the
      thermolabile valyl-tRNA synthetase. Three of these revertants contained an
      increased level of the thermolabile enzyme. The genetic locus, valX, responsible
      for the enzyme overproduction, is adjacent to the structural gene, valS, of valyl
      tRNA synthetase. Determination (by radioimmunoassay) of the turnover rates of
      valyl-tRNA synthetase showed that the increased level of valyl-tRNA synthetase is
      due to new enzyme synthesis rather than decreased rates of protein degradation.

PMID- 378954
TI  - Regulation of the biosynthesis of aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetases
      and of transfer ribonucleic acid in Escherichia coli. VI. Mutants with increased
      levels of glutaminyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase and of glutamine
      transfer ribonucleic acid.
AB  - Spontaneous revertants of a temperature-sensitive Escherichia coli strain bearing
      a thermolabile glutaminyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase have been
      selected for growth at 45 degrees C. Among 10 revertants still containing the
      thermolabile enzyme, 2 interesting strains were found. One strain has a fivefold
      elevated level of the thermolabile glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase; the genetic locus,
      glnR, responsible for this effect maps at min 24, far from glnS, the structural
      gene of the enzyme. In the other strain the levels of tRNA Gln and several other
      tRNAs are twice as high as in the parental strain; the locus responsible, glnU,
      maps at min 59.5 on the E. coli map.

PMID- 378955
TI  - Peptidase activities in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - At least four distinct aminopeptidase activities and a single dipeptidase
      activity were found in cell extracts of a leucine-lysine auxotroph of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The assay for peptidase activity involved
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by an enzyme-coupled activity
      staining procedure. The aminopeptidases had largely overlapping specificities but
      could be distinguished from one another by their electrophoretic mobilities and
      activities toward different peptide substrates. Substrates tested included both
      free and blocked di- and tripeptides and amino acid derivatives.

PMID- 378956
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a mutant ColE1 plasmid that allows constitutive
      colicin E1 synthesis.
AB  - It has been possible to isolate a ColE1 mutant which synthesizes colicin E1
      constitutively. This result shows that there must be a gene(s) responsible for
      the regulation of colicin E1 synthesis.

PMID- 378957
TI  - Auxotrophic mutants of Cryptococcus neoformans.
AB  - Auxotrophic mutants of Cryptococcus neoformans have been obtained by using the
      methods of mutagenesis and replica-plating.

PMID- 378958
TI  - Accelerated adsorption of bacteriophage T5 to Escherichia coli F, resulting from
      reversible tail fiber-lipopolysaccharide binding.
AB  - A dual specificity for phage T5 adsorption to Escherichia coli cells is shown.
      The tail fiber-containing phages T5(+) and mutant hd-3 adsorbed rapidly to E.
      coli F (1.2 x 10(-9) ml min(-1)), whereas the adsorption rate of the tail fiber
      less mutants hd-1, hd-2, and hd-4 was low (7 x 10(-11) ml min(-1)). The
      differences in adsorption rates were due to the particular lipopolysaccharide
      structure of E. coli F. Phage T4-resistant mutants of E. coli F with an altered
      lipopolysaccharide structure exhibited similar low adsorption for all phage
      strains with and without tail fibers. The same held true for E. coli K-12 and B
      which also differ from E. coli F in their lipopolysaccharide structures. Only the
      tail fiber-containing phages reversibly bound to isolated lipopolysaccharides of
      E. coli F. Infection by all phage strains strictly depended on the tonA-coded
      protein in the outer membrane of E. coli. We assume that the reversible
      preadsorption by the tail fibers to lipopolysaccharide accelerates infection
      which occurs via the highly specific irreversible binding of the phage tail to
      the tonA-coded protein receptor. The difference between rapid and slow adsorption
      was also revealed by the competition between ferrichrome and T5 for binding to
      their common tonA-coded receptor in tonB strains of E. coli. Whereas binding of
      T5(+) to E. coli K-12 and of the tail-fiber-less mutant hd-2 to E. coli F and K
      12 was inhibited 50% by about 0.01 muM ferrichrome, adsorption of T5 to E. coli F
      was inhibited only 40% by even 1,000-fold higher ferrichrome concentrations.

PMID- 378960
TI  - Expression of the cloned uvrB gene of Escherichia coli: dependency on nonsense
      suppressors.
AB  - Recombinant plasmid pNP5, consisting of plasmid pMB9 on which the uvrB gene is
      cloned, fully complements for the defects due to chromosomal uvrB mutations in
      the presence of the amber suppressor sup-6 or supF. Correndonuclease II activity
      was also completely restored in in UvrB strains containing both plasmid pNP5 and
      amber suppressor sup-6, as compared with the parental UvrB+ strain. It is shown
      that the amber mutation which interferes with the expression of the cloned uvrB
      gene is located outside this gene. Apparently, the amber mutation exerts a polar
      effect on uvrB expression that is relieved by sup-6 or supF. Introduction of a
      rho mutation into suppressor-free UvrB strains, harboring pNP5, did not relieve
      the polarity caused by the amber mutation.

PMID- 378959
TI  - Fermentation of 1,2-propanediol with 1,2-ethanediol by some genera of
      Enterobacteriaceae, involving coenzyme B12-dependent diol dehydratase.
AB  - Klebsiella pneumoniae (Aerobacter aerogenes) ATCC 8724 was able to grow
      anaerobically on 1,2-propanediol and 1,2-ethanediol as carbon and energy sources.
      Whole cells of the bacterium grown anaerobically on 1,2-propanediol or on
      glycerol catalyzed conversion of 1,2-diols and aldehydes to the corresponding
      acids and alcohols. Glucose-grown cells also converted aldehydes, but not 1,2
      diols, to acids and alcohols. The presence of activities of coenzyme B(12)
      dependent diol dehydratase, alcohol dehydrogenase, coenzyme-A-dependent aldehyde
      dehydrogenase, phosphotransacetylase, and acetate kinase was demonstrated with
      crude extracts of 1,2-propanediol-grown cells. The dependence of the levels of
      these enzymes on growth substrates, together with cofactor requirements in in
      vitro conversion of these substrates, indicates that 1,2-diols are fermented to
      the corresponding acids and alcohols via aldehydes, acyl-coenzyme A, and acyl
      phosphates. This metabolic pathway for 1,2-diol fermentation was also suggested
      in some other genera of Enterobacteriaceae which were able to grow anaerobically
      on 1,2-propanediol. When the bacteria were cultivated in a 1,2-propanediol medium
      not supplemented with cobalt ion, the coenzyme B(12)-dependent conversion of 1,2
      diols to aldehydes was the rate-limiting step in this fermentation. This was
      because the intracellular concentration of coenzyme B(12) was very low in the
      cells grown in cobalt-deficient medium, since the apoprotein of diol dehydratase
      was markedly induced in the cells grown in the 1,2-propanediol medium. Better
      cell yields were obtained when the bacteria were grown anaerobically on 1,2
      propanediol. Evidence is presented that aerobically grown cells have a different
      metabolic pathway for utilizing 1,2-propanediol.

PMID- 378962
TI  - Novel acriflavin resistance genes, acrC and acrD, in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Acriflavine-resistant mutants were isolated from an acriflavine-sensitive (acrA)
      strain of Escherichia coli K-12 and then tested for temperature sensitivity of
      cell division. Genetic analysis characterized two new genetic loci, acrC and
      acrD. The former was mapped between tonA and proA, and the latter between the
      origin of genetic transfer of HfrH and serB. acrC and acrD mutants could divide
      but did not initiate a new round of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication at 43
      degrees C. DNA synthesis of the acrC mutant cells ceased after a period of time
      following temperature shift-up, and thereafter DNA degradation occurred. However,
      cell mass continued to increase for a long time at the nonpermissive temperature.
      On the other hand, DNA synthesis of the acrD mutant cells ceased soon after the
      shift-up, and the cell mass did not appreciably increase during the prolonged
      incubation.

PMID- 378961
TI  - Expression of the cloned uvrB gene of Escherichia coli: mode of transcription and
      orientation.
AB  - The Escherichia coli uvrB gene, located on a 1.5-megadalton EcoRI (fragment F,
      derived from transducing phage lambda b2att2 [lambda b2cI857intam6 delta
      (bioAB)bio-FCD+uvrB+], has been cloned in the unique EcoRI site of several
      "relaxed" plasmids, i.e., pMB9, pBR322, and pBH20 (= ;BR322, including the lac
      regulatory elements [K. Itakura, T. Hirose, R. Crea, A. D. Riggs, H. L. Heyneker,
      F. Bolivar, and H. W. Boyer, Science 198:1056--1063, 1977]y. Expression of the
      uvrB gene, both on pMB9 and on pBH20, occurs only when fragment F has one
      particular orientation. Cloning of this fragment on pBR322 in either orientation
      does not allow expression of the uvrB gene. Transcription of this gene on pNP5 (
      = pMB9 uvrB) is shown to be dependent on a pMB9 promotor that is located on a
      0.22-megadalton EcoRI-HindIII fragment. Using plasmid pBH20 as a vector, we could
      demonstrate that expression of the uvrB gene is under control of the lac promotor
      operator region. From deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization
      experiments with lambda pgal8 deoxyribonucleic acid and restriction fragments of
      pNP5 deoxyribonucleic acid it could be shown that the uvrB gene is transcribed
      clockwise on the chromosome.

PMID- 378963
TI  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant defective in exo-1,3-beta-glucanase production.
AB  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C produced two laminarinases (1,3-beta-glucanases)
      which were separated by diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex column chromatography; one was
      an endo-1,3-beta-glucanase, and the other was an exo-1,3-beta-glucanase active
      not only on laminarin but also on pustulan (1,6-beta-glucan) and on p-nitrophenyl
      beta-D-glucoside. A mutant defective in the production of this last enzyme was
      isolated, and the mutation was named exb1-1. The selection procedure was based on
      the capacity of exo-1,3-beta-glucanase to hydrolyze synthetic glucosides. The
      level of endo-1,3-beta-glucanase in cell extracts of the mutant was normal, but
      the exo-1,3-beta-glucanase could not be detected by column chromatographic
      analysis of these extracts. The mutant phenotype, recessive in heterozygous
      diploids, was stable through successive meioses and showed a Mendelian
      segregation, indicating that the mutation affected a single gene, which was named
      EXB1. The lack of production of exo-1,3-beta-glucanase persisted through all the
      phases of growth, but growth itself was not impaired by the enzyme deficiency.

PMID- 378965
TI  - Transposition of ampicillin resistance to an enterotoxin plasmid in an
      Escherichia coli strain of human origin.
AB  - We examined a strain of Escherichia coli, serotype O159.H34, of human origin
      which produced heat-stable and heat-labile enterotoxins, was resistant to
      ampicillin, and produced colicin. By conjugation and transformation experiments
      plasmids coding for enterotoxin production (Ent), enterotoxin production and
      ampicillin resistance (Ap-Ent), ampicillin resistance (Ap), and colicin
      production were isolated. Both the Ent and Ap-Ent plasmids were autotransferring
      and belonged to the F-incompatibility complex. However, the Apr Ent+
      transconjugants showed differences in their levels of resistance and in their
      abilities to propagate F-specific phages and to transfer resistance. The results
      suggested there was transposition from the small Ap plasmid to the Ent plasmid.
      The Ap-Ent plasmids were larger than the enterotoxin factor and when treated with
      restriction endonuclease BamHI showed an additional fragment not present in the
      enterotoxin plasmid. The insertion of ampicillin resistance probably occurred at
      different sites on the enterotoxin plasmid, resulting in the observed variation
      in phenotype.

PMID- 378964
TI  - Transaminase B from Escherichia coli: quaternary structure, amino-terminal
      sequence, substrate specificity, and absence of a separate valine-alpha
      ketoglutarate activity.
AB  - Transaminase B (branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase, EC 2.6.1.42), the
      ilvE gene product, was purified to apparent homogeneity from an Escherichia coli
      K-12 strain which carries the ilvE gene both on the host chromosome and on a
      plasmid. The oligomeric structure of the enzyme, as determined by analytical
      ultracentrifugation and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis, was confirmed to be that of a hexamer with a molecular weight of
      about 182,000 and apparently identical subunits. Cross-linking with
      dimethylsuberimidate yielded trimers, dimers, and monomers, but essentially no
      species of higher molecular weight. These results are consistent with a double
      trimer arrangement of the subunits in native enzyme. The amino-terminal sequence
      was found to be: Gly Thr Lys Lys Ala Asp Tyr Ile (Trp) Phe Asn Gly (Thr) (Met)
      Val. Purified transaminase B catalyzed transamination between alpha-ketoglutarate
      and l-isoleucine, l-leucine, l-valine, and, to a lesser extent, l-phenylalanine
      and l-tyrosine, the latter reacting very sluggishly. The enzyme was free of
      aspartate transaminase and of transaminase C. The apparent K(m) values for the
      branched-chain alpha-ketoacids were smaller than those for the corresponding
      amino acids. The lowest K(m) was recorded for dl-alpha-keto-beta-methyl-n
      valerate, and the highest was recorded for l-valine. The ratio of the valine- and
      isoleucine-alpha-ketoglutarate activities did not change significantly during
      purification, and both activities were quantitatively removed from crude extract
      by antibody raised against purified transaminase B. These observations argue
      against the existence of a separate valine-alpha-ketoglutarate transaminase. Anti
      E. coli transaminase B antibody cross-reacted with crude extract from Salmonella
      typhimurium, but not with extract obtained from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

PMID- 378966
TI  - Mutants defective in the 33K outer membrane protein of Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Salmonella typhimurium LT2 lines, if phenotypically rough, are fully sensitive to
      bacteriocin 4-59, produced by Salmonella canastel strain SL1712. Bacteriocin
      resistant mutants fell into three classes. Those resistant to phage ES18 and to
      albomycin proved to be mutants of class chr (equivalent to tonB of Escherichia
      coli); these mutants still adsorb the bacteriocin and so are classified as
      tolerant. Another class of (incompletely) tolerant mutants was resistant to phage
      PH51; their envelope fractions lacked the band corresponding to outer membrane
      protein 34K, known to serve for adsorption of phage PH51. A third class of
      mutants, which did not adsorb the bacteriocin, was unaltered in sensitivity to
      phages. Their envelopes lacked the 33K band, indicating absence of the outer
      membrane protein 33K, considered to correspond to outer membrane protein II* of
      E. coli, which in that species is determined at locus ompA (formerly tolG or
      con). Phage P22 HT105/1 cotransduced the 33K S. typhimurium gene (to be called
      ompA, to accord with E. coli usage) with pyrD+ at about 30% frequency when the
      donor allele was ompA+ or one ompA, but at only 3 to 11% when the donor allele
      was another ompA. When the donor carried either of two long deletions of the put
      (proline utilization) operon, phage P22 HT105/1 cotransduced put (and ompA+) with
      pyrD+ at low frequency. The cotransduction data indicate that ompA of S.
      typhimurium is located between pyrD and put, nearer the former. This corresponds
      to the map position of ompA in E. coli K-12.

PMID- 378967
TI  - Escherichia coli mutant strain with altered expression of the tryptophan operon:
      isolation and preliminary characterization.
AB  - From a strain of Escherichia coli with two copies of the tryptophan (trp) operon
      and one copy of the lactose (lac) operon, under control of one of the trp
      regulatory elements, we have isolated a mutant which does not grow in a medium
      containing 19 amino acids, unless tryptophan is added, and which cannot ferment
      lactose. The apparent pleiotropic nature of the mutation(s) is indicated by the
      very slow growth of mutant bacteria on minimal-medium agar supplemented with
      glucose and tryptophan. The amount of the trp enzymes (anthranilate synthetase
      and tryptophan synthetase) and trp messenger ribonucleic acid is reduced several
      fold in the mutant compared to the isogenic wild-type strain, whereas the enzymes
      tryptophanyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase and glucose 6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase remain the same. The incorporation of radioactive label into pulse
      labeled but not into stable ribonucleic acid is significantly lower. Our results
      suggest that in the mutant organism the control of transcription of some operons,
      including the trp operon, is modified. An alternative explanation is that mutant
      bacteria contain a ribonuclease with increased activity for some messenger
      ribonucleic acid species.

PMID- 378968
TI  - Escherichia coli mutant strain with altered expression of the tryptophan operon:
      ribonucleic acid synthesis in vitro.
AB  - Ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis has been studied in vitro with a partially
      purified preparation of RNA polymerase from a mutant strain of Escherichia coli
      with a reduced rate of accumulation of tryptophan RNA (P.H. Pouwels and H.J.
      Scholten, J. Bacteriol. 139:393-397, 1979). The incorporation of radioactive
      label into RNA with polymerase from mutant bacteria is considerably lower than
      that with the enzyme from wild-type bacteria. These results are explained by the
      presence in mutant bacteria, but not in wild-type bacteria, of a factor which
      suppresses the accumulation of RNA. Mutant bacteria contain a factor which
      renders RNA synthesis with mutant and wild-type RNA polymerase resistant to
      various inhibitors of RNA synthesis, e.g. rifampin, streptolydigin, and heparin.
      We conclude that in mutant bacteria a factor is modified which suppresses the
      accumulation of some RNA species and lowers the sensitivity of RNA polymerase to
      some transcription inhibitors.

PMID- 378969
TI  - Specialized lambda transducing bacteriophage which carries hisS, the structural
      gene for histidyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase.
AB  - A number of specialized lambda transducing bacteriophages which carry the
      Escherichia coli gene guaB were isolated from E. coli. One of these
      bacteriophages, lambda cI857 Sam7 d guaB-2, also carries hisS, the structural
      gene for histidyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase (EC 6.1.1.21). Histidyl
      transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase activities in induced and uninduced lysogens
      carrying lambda d guaB-2 indicate that the phage carries the entire structural
      gene and that the gene is under the control of an E. coli promoter. These
      conclusions were confirmed by the in vivo production of a protein encoded by the
      phage which comigrates with authentic histidyl-transfer ribonucleic acid
      synthetase on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gels.

PMID- 378970
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of protein E, a major protein found in
      certain Escherichia coli K-12 mutant strains: relationship to other outer
      membrane proteins.
AB  - Escherichia coli outer membrane protein E was purified, and its amino acid
      composition and N-terminal amino acid were determined. The purified protein was
      shown to be immunologically and electrophoretically identical to proteins Ic (U.
      Henning, W. Schmidmayr, and I. Hindennach, Mol. Gen. Genet. 154:293-298, 1977)
      and e (W. van Alphen, N. van Selm, and B. Lugtenberg, Mol. Gen. Genet. 159:75-83,
      1978). Proteins E, e, and Ic were also immunologically related to E. coli outer
      membrane protein Ia. Lugtenberg and co-workers (B. Lugtenberg, R. van Boxtel, C.
      Verhoef, and W. van Alphen, FEBS Lett. 96:99-105, 1978) have shown that
      electrophoretically identical peptides were generated by cyanogen bromide
      treatment of proteins E, e, and Ic.

PMID- 378971
TI  - Specific inactivator of flagellar reversal in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Specific inhibition of flagellar rotation reversal was observed after exposure of
      chemotactic Salmonella typhimurium to citrate autoclaved at neutral pH. The
      presence of a rotation reversal inactivator was established in autoclaved citrate
      containing media and nutrient broth. Since modulation of flagellar rotation by
      attractants and repellents is the basis of chemotactic behavior, a specific
      inhibitor of rotation reversal, which is essential for tumble generation,
      provides a useful probe into the molecular mechanism of bacterial chemotaxis. The
      inactivator inhibits clockwise rotation without affecting counterclockwise
      rotation, speed of rotation, or the capacity of the cells to grow and divide.
      Inactivation of clockwise rotation is gradual and irreversible, differing from
      the transient inhibition of clockwise rotation by attractants, which is
      characterized by an immediate suppression followed by a return to normal rotation
      patterns. The rotation reversal inactivator is stable to acidification, rotary
      evaporation, lyophilization, and rehydration.

PMID- 378972
TI  - Inactivation of Escherichia coli by near-ultraviolet light and 8-methoxypsoralen:
      different responses of strains B/r and K-12.
AB  - A series of Escherichia coli K-12 AB1157 strains with normal and defective
      deoxyribonucleic acid repair capacity were more resistant to treatment with 8
      methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and near-ultraviolet light (NUV) than a comparable series
      of strains from the B/r WP2 family although sensitivities to 254-nm ultraviolet
      light were closely similar. The difference was most marked with strains deficient
      in both excision and postreplication repair (uvrA recA). The hypothesis that the
      internal level of 8-MOP was lower in K-12 than B/r uvrA recA derivatives was
      ruled out on the basis of fluorometric determinations of 8-MOP content and the
      similar inactivation curves for phage T3 treated intracellularly within the two
      strains. The demonstration of liquid holding recovery with AB2480 but not WP100
      (both recA uvrA strains) and the somewhat greater resistance of the former strain
      to inactivation by captan revealed the presence in the K-12 strain of a
      deoxyribonucleic acid repair system independent of the recA(+) and uvrA(+) genes.
      The presence of this repair system did not, however, affect the survival of T3
      phage treated with 8-MOP plus NUV and probably has a relatively small effect on
      survival of AB2480 under normal conditions. Experiments in which 8-MOP
      monoadducts were converted to cross-links by a second NUV exposure in the absence
      of 8-MOP indicated that the level of potentially cross-linkable monoadducts
      immediately after 8-MOP + NUV is about eightfold lower in K-12-than in B/r
      derived strains. It is therefore suggested that the photoproduct yield in the
      former is well below that in the latter. In agreement with this is the
      observation that, during the first 10 min after treatment, deoxyribonucleic acid
      synthesis was just over five times more sensitive to inhibition by 8-MOP plus NUV
      in WP100 than in AB2480. We assume that 8-MOP in K-12 bacteria is hindered in
      some way from adsorbing to cellular (though not to phage T3) deoxyribonucleic
      acid. Consistent with this, 8-MOP has been shown to act as an inhibitor of a
      component of repair of 254-nm ultraviolet light damage in WP2 but not in AB1157.

PMID- 378973
TI  - Spontaneous and induced rho mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: patterns of loss
      of mitochondrial genetic markers.
AB  - The deletion which leads to spontaneous rho mutants occurs preferentially at a
      unique region covering genes oxi3, pho1/OII, and mit175. The frequency of loss of
      genetic markers in this region was significantly higher than in other regions as
      determined with a 15- marker system. When various mutagenic treatments were
      applied, this specific pattern of deletion was also observed, but it was
      dramatically amplified. This suggests that the basic mechanism of rho production
      is the same in yeast mitochondrial genomes in both spontaneous and induced
      mutants.

PMID- 378974
TI  - Chromosomal location and expression of the structural gene for major outer
      membrane protein Ia of Escherichia coli K-12 and of the homologous gene of
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The gene determining the structure of a major outer membrane protein of
      Escherichia coli, protein Ia, has been located between serC and pyrD, at the min
      21 region of the linkage map. This is based on the isolation and characterization
      of E. coli-Salmonella typhimurium intergeneric hybrids as well as analyses of a
      mutation (ompF2) affecting the formation of protein Ia. When the serC region of
      the S. typhimurium chromosome was transduced by phage P1 into E. coli, two
      classes of transductants were obtained; one produced protein Ia like the parental
      strain of E. coli, whereas the other produced not protein Ia but a pair of outer
      membrane proteins structurally related to 35K protein, one of the major outer
      membrane proteins of S. typhimurium. Furthermore, a strain of S. typhimurium
      harboring an F' plasmid which carries the ompF region of the E. coli chromosome
      was found to produce a protein indistinguishable from protein Ia, beside the
      outer membrane proteins characteristic to the parental Salmonella strain. These
      results suggest that the structural genes for protein Ia (E. coli) and for 35K
      protein (S. typhimurium) are homologous to each other and are located at the ompF
      region of the respective chromosome. The bearing of these findings on the genetic
      control of protein Ia formation is discussed.

PMID- 378975
TI  - Mode of action of pesticin: N-acetylglucosaminidase activity.
AB  - Homogeneous preparations of pesticin, a bacteriocin produced by Yersinia pestis,
      neither significantly inhibited net synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid,
      ribonucleic acid, or protein in Escherichia coli phi nor caused detectable
      degradation of deoxyribonucleic acid in vivo. Accordingly, its mode of action
      does not resemble that of colicin E2 as suggested by others. However,
      incorporation of cell wall-specific label ([14C]diaminopimelic acid) into
      trichloroacetic acid-insoluble material of growing cells was inhibited by
      pesticin which also promoted release of such radioactivity from both resting
      cells and purified mureinlipoprotein. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis of reaction mixtures containing appropriately labeled
      mureinlipoprotein showed that [3H]N-acetylglucosamine comigrated either with
      [14C]diaminopimelic acid in the murein peptide or with [14C]isoleucine of the
      Braun lipoprotein. As judged by these findings and pesticin-dependent release of
      reducing equivalents but not 4-hydroxy-2-acetamido sugars, the bacteriocin
      possesses N-acetylglucosaminidase activity. Hydrolysis of murein-lipoprotein
      occurred over a broad pH, with an optimum of 4.7. Mureinlipoproteins from a
      variety of pesticin-sensitive and -resistant organisms were hydrolyzed by the
      bacteriocin, indicating that its antibacterial specificity resides at the level
      of absorption.

PMID- 378976
TI  - Adherence of bacteria to mammalian cells: inhibition by tunicamycin and
      streptovirudin.
AB  - Group B streptococci were labeled either by growing the cells in [14C]fructose or
      by using the surface label 4,4'-[3H]diisothiocyano-1,2-diphenylethane-2,2'
      disulfonic acid, which reacts with amino groups. A quantitative assay was
      developed by using these labeled bacteria to study the adherence of streptococci
      to canine kidney epithelial cells. The bacteria adhered to kidney cells that had
      been infected with influenza A virus, but did not adhere to uninfected cells. The
      binding of 3H-labeled group B streptococci was proportional to the number of
      bacteria added and showed saturation kinetics. The binding was blocked by the
      addition of unlabeled group B streptococci but was not affected by addition of
      streptococci from other groups. It was also blocked by mixing the 3H-labeled
      streptococci with influenza A virus before adding the bacteria to the kidney
      cells. When the kidney cells were infected with influenza virus in the presence
      of either tunicamycin or streptovirudin, these antibiotics inhibited the
      appearance of viral hemagglutinin in the kidney cells and also prevented the
      release of mature virus. In these experiments, the adherence of 3h-labeled
      streptococci was also inhibited. Tunicamycin was shown to block the incorporation
      of [14C]mannose into lipid-linked oligosaccharides and glycoprotein in both
      normal and virus-infected kidney cells. These data give strong support to the
      notion that adherence of streptococci to mammalian cells involves recognition of
      viral hemagglutinin, a glycoprotein whose synthesis is blocked by certain
      antibiotics.

PMID- 378977
TI  - Effect of temperature on translocation frequency of the Tn3 element.
AB  - The effect of temperature on the translocation frequency of the Tn3 element was
      investigated. The temperature optimum for translocation of Tn3 was in the range
      from 26 to 30 degrees C. At temperatures above 30 degrees C, the translocation
      frequency decreased rapidly and linearly; at 36 degrees C it was only 5% of the
      frequency observed at 30 degrees C. The duration and reversibility of the
      temperature effect were utilized to demonstrate a requirement for protein
      synthesis in the translocation process.

PMID- 378978
TI  - Suppression of a deletion mutation in the glutamine amidotransferase region of
      the Salmonella typhimurium trpD gene by mutations in pheA and tyrA.
AB  - Prototrophic revertants of a trpD deletion mutant that lacks the glutamine
      amidotransferase domain of the bifunctional component II subunit of the
      anthranilate synthetase-phosphoribosyltransferase complex have been found to
      arise by the occurrence of sublethal missense mutations in either the pheA or
      tyrA loci. Such suppressor mutations were obtained directly by mutation of the
      wild-type pheA gene as well as indirectly by partial reversion of a variety of
      nonleaky pheA and tyrA mutations. The suppressor strains have only a portion of
      the normal level of the pheA or tyrA enzyme activity and thus experience a
      partial limitation in the synthesis of phenylalanine or tyrosine. This limitation
      leads to a relaxation of end-product regulation of the phenylalanine- or tyrosine
      specific enzymes of the common aromatic pathway and to the overproduction of the
      branch point intermediate, chorismic acid, which is one of the substrates of the
      anthranilate synthetase reaction. It is proposed that the high intracellular
      level of chorismic acid acts to elevate the non-physiological NH3-dependent
      anthranilate synthetase activity of the component I subunit, thereby eliminating
      the need for the glutamine amidotransferase activity of the component II subunit.
      Consistent with this is the finding that phenylalanine and tyrosine are specific
      inhibitors of growth of the pheA and tyrA suppressor strains, respectively,
      causing a shutdown of the overproduction of chorismic acid by reestablishing
      normal end-product control of the common pathway.

PMID- 378980
TI  - ColE1 plasmid incompatibility: localization and analysis of mutations affecting
      incompatibility.
AB  - Deletion mutants of plasmid ColE1 that involve the replication origin and
      adjacent regions of the plasmid have been studied to determine the mechanism by
      which those mutations affect the expression of plasmid incompatibility. It was
      observed that (i) a region of ColE1 that is involved in the expression of plasmid
      incompatibility lies between base pairs -185 and -684; (ii) the integrity of at
      least part of the region of ColE1 DNA between base pairs -185 and -572 is
      essential for the expression of ColE1 incompatibility; (iii) the expression of
      incompatibility is independent of the ability of the ColE1 genome to replicate
      autonomously; (iv) plasmid incompatibility is affected by plasmid copy number;
      and (v) ColE1 plasmid-mediated DNA replication of the lambda phage-ColE1 chimera
      lambda imm434 Oam29 Pam3 ColE1 is inhibited by ColE1-incompatible but not by
      ColE1-compatible plasmids.

PMID- 378979
TI  - Isolation and characterization of replication-deficient mutants of ColE1
      plasmids.
AB  - Replication-defective mutants of plasmid ColE1 were isolated from a chimeric
      plasmid formed by ligating a temperature-sensitive replication derivative of
      pSC101, pHSG1, with a ColE1-Tn3-containing plasmid. The replication-defective
      ColE1 mutants isolated were all spontaneous deletion mutants that had lost the
      ColE1 replication origin and regions adjacent to it. The extent of a deletion was
      determined by analyzing restriction endonuclease-generated deoxyribonucleic acid
      fragments of the ColE1 plasmid component of the chimeras by both agarose and
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. None of the chimeras containing the
      replication-defective ColE1 mutants was able to replicate in the presence of
      chloramphenicol. The expression of ColE1 incompatibility was either markedly
      reduced or not detectable in the replication mutants isolated.

PMID- 378981
TI  - Very slow growth of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A recycling fermentor (a chemostat with 100% biomass feedback) was used to study
      glucose-limited behavior of Escherichia coli B. The expectation from mass
      transfer analysis that growth would asymptotically approach a limit mass
      determined by the glucose provision rate (GPR) and the culture's maintenance
      requirement was not met. Instead, growth proceeded at progressively lower rates
      through three distinct phases. After the fermentor was seeded, but before glucose
      became limiting, growth followed the usual, exponential path (phase 1). About 12
      h postseeding, residual glucose in the fermentor fell below 1 microgram . ml-1
      and the growth rate (dx/dt) became constant and a linear function of GPR (phase
      2). The specific growth rate, mu, therefore fell continuously throughout the
      phase. Biomass yield and glucose assimilation (13%) were near the level for
      exponential growth, however, and independent of GPR over a broad range. At a
      critical specific growth rate (0.04 h-1 for this strain), phase 2 ended abruptly
      and phase 3 commenced. In phase 3, the growth rate was again constant, although
      lower than in phase 2, so that mu continued to fall, but growth rates and yields
      were praboloid functions of GPR. They were never zero, however, at any positive
      value of GPR. By inference, the fraction of metabolic energy used for maintenance
      functions is constant for a given GPR, although different for phases 2 and 3, and
      independent of biomass. In both phases 2 and 3, orcinol, diphenylamine, and Lowry
      reactive materials were secreted at near-constant rates such that over 50% as
      much biosynthetic mass was secreted as was retained by the cells.

PMID- 378982
TI  - Ultrastructure of the outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium bacteriocin
      resistant mutants deficient in the 33K protein.
AB  - Outer membrane mutants of Salmonella typhimurium deficient in one, two, or three
      of the 33,000-dalton (33K), 34K, and 36K outer membrane proteins (7) were studied
      by using thin sectioning and freeze-fracturing electron microscopy techniques.
      The outer concave fracture face of all mutants deficient in the 33K protein had
      numerous particleless patches. In contrast to all previously examined 34K to 36K
      deficient mutants, the 33K-deficient mutants showed marked heterogeneity in the
      size and distribution of such "empty" patches between cells of a culture. One
      mutant was deficient in both the 33K and the 34K to 36K "porin" protein complex;
      its outer membrane had very large particleless smooth areas. It is concluded that
      the 33K protein on one hand and the porin on the other are both able to form
      intramembraneous particles.

PMID- 378983
TI  - Inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid repair in Escherichia coli by caffeine and
      acriflavine after ultraviolet irradiation.
AB  - The effects of caffeine and acriflavine on cell survival, single-strand
      deoxyribonucleic acid break formation, and postreplication repair in Escherichia
      coli wild-type WP2 and WP2 uvrA strains after ultraviolet irradiation was
      studied. Caffeine (0.5 mg/ml) added before and immediately after ultraviolet
      irradiation inhibited single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid breakage in wild-type
      WP2 cells. Single-strand breaks, once formed, were no longer subject to repair
      inhibition by caffeine. At 0.5 to 2 mg/ml, caffeine did not affect
      postreplication repair in uvrA strains. These data are consistent with the
      survival data of both irradiated WP2 and uvrA strains in the presence and absence
      of caffeine. In unirradiated WP2 and uvrA strains, however, a high caffeine
      concentration (greater than 2 mg/ml) resulted in gradual reduction of colony
      forming units. At a concentration insufficient to alter survival of unirradiated
      cells, acriflavine (2 microgram/ml) inhibited both single-strand deoxyribonucleic
      acid breakage and postreplication repair after ultraviolet irradiation. These
      data suggest that although the modes of action for both caffeine and acriflavine
      may be similar in the inhibition of single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid break
      formation, they differ in their mechanisms of action on postreplication repair.

PMID- 378984
TI  - Introduction of bacteriophage lambda into cells of Klebsiella aerogenes.
AB  - We have shown that a mutation in the cro gene of phage lambda greatly reduces
      zygotic induction. This observation has allowed us to move this phage on an
      episome into cells of Klebsiella aerogenes where it grows as well as in cells of
      Escherichia coli. This technique should allow the introduction of various
      derivatives of lambda into any organism which is able to receive deoxyribonucleic
      acid from E. coli.

PMID- 378985
TI  - Conditional-lethal deoxyribonucleic acid ligase mutant of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A new Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ligase mutant has been
      identified among a collection of temperature-sensitive DNA replication mutants
      isolated recently (Sevastopoulos, Wehr, and Glaser, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
      74:3485-3489, 1977). At the nonpermissive temperature DNA synthesis in the mutant
      stops rapidly, the DNA is degraded to acid-soluble material, and cell death
      ensures. This suggests that the mutant may be among the most ligase-deficient
      strains yet characterized.

PMID- 378986
TI  - Enhancing the efficacy of lithium treatment by combined use with diuretics and
      low sodium diets: a preliminary report.
AB  - Because reports have indicated that sodium metabolism may bear some influence on
      manic-depressive illness, the present study was designed to test the efficacy of
      sodium depletion in enhancing lithium's therapeutic effect. Twenty-seven manic
      patients refractory to lithium doses producing therapeutic serum lithium levels
      were subjected to lithium alone, lithium in combination with a thiazide diuretic,
      and lithium in combination with a low sodium diet. Results indicated that such
      combinations could be helpful in reducing manic symptoms in the majority of
      patients without engendering undue toxicity. While mechanisms of action remain to
      be elucidated, it appears that such combinations may be safely administered to
      those manic patients not responding to lithium alone or to those requiring
      lithium but suffering either a lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus or
      other severe side effects. However, caution is still advised in employing these
      combinations until further, better controlled research substantiates these
      preliminary data.

PMID- 378987
TI  - A new structural protein located in the Z lines of chicken skeletal muscle.
AB  - A new structural protein was purified from a prolonged 0.6 M KI extract of
      residues of chicken skeletal myofibrils, from which myosin, actin, and some other
      proteins had been removed. The protein had a chain weight of 55,000. The indirect
      immunofluorescence technique using antiserum against the 55,000 dalton protein
      revealed that the protein was exclusively located in the Z lines of a myofibril.
      The new protein formed lattice structures in vitro which were similar to those
      observed in the Z lines in situ.

PMID- 378988
TI  - Comparison of denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride of the wild type tryptophan
      synthase alpha-subunit of Escherichia coli and two mutant protein (Glu 49
      replaced by Met or Gln).
AB  - In order to elucidate the roles of individual amino acid residues in the
      conformational stability of proteins, the denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride
      of the wild-type trytophan synthase alpha-subunit of Escherichia coli and two
      mutant proteins, trpA33 (Glu 49 leads to Met) and trpA11 (Glu 49 leads to Gln),
      has been compared by means of CD measurements at pH 7.0 and various temperatures.
      CD spectra of the two mutant proteins were similar to that of the wild-type
      protein. The trpA33 and the trpA11 proteins were more and less resistant,
      respectively, to guanidine hydrochloride than the wild-type protein at 9.7 to
      49.6 degrees C. The free energy change of unfolding in water delta delta Gnd H2O,
      was evaluated assuming a three state denaturation, since the denaturation curves
      of three proteins suggested the presence of one stable intermediate. The values
      of delta Gnd H2O for the trpA33, the wild-type, and the trpA11 proteins at 25.8
      degrees C and pH 7.0 were 13.4,8.8, and 6.3 kcal/mol, respectively. The delta Gnd
      H2O of the trpA11 protein was almost independent of temperature, though that of
      the trpA33 protein was remarkably dependent on temperature. The conformation
      stabilities of the three proteins were correlated with the hydrophobicities of
      the substituted amino acid residues.

PMID- 378989
TI  - Kinetics of selective acylation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate in the synthesis of
      phospholipid molecular species.
AB  - The kinetics of the sn-glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase [EC 2.3.1.15]
      reaction support the view that the selective acylation primarily depends on the
      differences in the affinity of the enzyme for acyl-CoAs.

PMID- 378991
TI  - Stylism in anatomical illustration from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries.
      Part II.

PMID- 378990
TI  - Studies on delta8-delta7 isomerization and methyl transfer of sterols in
      ergosterol biosynthesis of yeast.
AB  - The formation of cholesta-7,24-dien-3 beta-ol and its activity as a substrate for
      the sterol side-chain methyltransferase in yeast have not previously been
      studied. Experiments with acetone-powder extracts of yeast showed that the sterol
      is formed from zymosterol by delta8-delta7 isomerization. However, direct
      conversion of cholesta-7,24-dien-3 beta-ol into zymosterol could not be
      demonstrated. The reversibility of the reaction was proved by the detection of 3H
      incorporation into cholesta-8-en-3 beta-ol (with lathosterol as a carrier) from
      [3H]H2O in the medium. Incubation of cholesta-7,24-dien-3 beta-ol and S-adenosyl
      L-[methyl-14C]methionine with the acetone-powder extract resulted in methylation
      of the sterol to form episterol. Similar  incubation of zymosterol gave
      fecosterol and episterol, suggesting that fecosterol initially formed by the
      methylation was isomerized to episterol. In intact cells, however, an alternative
      pathway (zymosterol yields cholesta-7,24-dien-3 beta-ol yields episterol) may
      also operate. The relative importance of the two pathways is not known.

PMID- 378992
TI  - Resolution and reconstitution of active transport of calcium by a protein(s) from
      Mycobacterium phlei.
AB  - Membrane protein(s) responsible for the active transport of calcium in membrane
      vesicles from Mycobacterium phlei have been solubilized from membranes by sodium
      cholate treatment and partially purified using a hydrophobic resin.
      Reconstitution of calcium transport was demonstrated by reconstitution of
      detergent extracted membranes with the partially purified protein. The uptake of
      calcium in the reconstituted system was sensitive to proton-conducting
      uncouplers. Liposomes prepared with partially purified calcium translocating
      protein were capable of accumulating calcium. The uptake of calcium in this
      system occurred as a result of an artificial proton gradient generated by the
      reduction of entrapped ferricyanide with ascorbate-benzoquinone serving as a
      hydrogen carrier. The addition of the ionophore A23187 caused efflux of
      accumulated calcium in both native and proteoliposomal-reconstituted system.

PMID- 378993
TI  - Transfer RNA control of the activation of isomeric tRNATrp's.
AB  - Previous studies of the homologous aminoacylations of Escherichia coli and yeast
      tRNATrp's terminating in 2'- and 3'-deoxyadenosine established that E. coli
      tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase activates its cognate tRNA preferentially on the 2'
      position, while the corresponding yeast enzyme utilizes the 3' position on its
      homologous substrate tRNA. As this seemed to be the only change in positional
      specificity during evolution, the heterologous activations were investigated in
      an effort to determine the basis for this change. Remarkably, E. coli tRNATrp
      terminating in 3'-deoxyadenosine was found to be the preferred substrate for both
      the E. coli and yeast activating enzymes, while the same tryptophanyl-tRNA
      synthetase preparations both activated the isomeric yeast tRNATrp's
      preferentially on the 3' position. Thus, the preferred position of activation was
      found to be specified by the tRNA rather than the activating enzyme and,
      additionally, to be due to some process not reflected in initial velocity
      measurements. The variable utilization of individual modified aminoacyl-tRNA's as
      substrates in an enzyme-catalyzed deacylation process appears to provide the most
      likely explanation for the experimental observations.

PMID- 378994
TI  - Hemoglobin switching in sheep. Synthesis, cloning, and characterization of DNA
      sequences coding for the beta B, beta C, and gamma-globin mRNAs.
AB  - Synthetic double-stranded DNAs (sDNAs) were prepared from sheep globin mRNA
      templates isolated from reticulocytes producing either hemoglobin B (HbB) (alpha
      2 beta B2), HbC (alpha 2 beta C2), or HbF (alpha 2 gamma 2). These DNAs were
      inserted into the Eco RI site of plasmid pMB9 by the homopolymer tailing method
      and used to transform Escherichia coli X1776 to tetracycline resistance.
      Recombinant clones were identified by colony hybridization and further
      characterized by molecular hybridization and restriction endonuclease analysis.
      All plasmids analyzed thus far contained either beta- or gamma-globin DNA
      sequences. Moreover, sDNAs used for cloning yielded restriction endonuclease
      fragments consistent with the presence of predominantly beta- or gamma-sDNA,
      indicating that formation of double-stranded alpha-sDNA proceeds much less
      efficiently under our conditions than the formation of non-alpha-sDNAs. Three
      recombinant plasmids, pS beta B2, pS beta C69, and pS gamma 56, were selected for
      detailed study. These were shown to contain, respectively, beta B-, beta C-, and
      gamma-DNA sequences by molecular hybridization and by protection of the
      appropriate cDNAs from S1 nuclease digestion. Each contained all of the
      restriction endonuclease sites defined for the synthetic sDNAs and protected at
      least 90% of the sequence length of homologous cDNA. Restriction endonuclease
      maps of the beta B- and beta C-globin genes were identical at all 12 sites that
      were mapped, whereas four differences were identified in the gamma gene compared
      to the two others; three of these corresponded to differences in amino acid
      sequence of the globins. A method was developed to isolate the anti-mRNA strand
      of the insert for use as a specific molecular hybridization probe analogous to
      complementary DNA.

PMID- 378995
TI  - A study of the mechanism of DNA polymerase I from Escherichia coli with
      diastereomeric phosphorothioate analogs of deoxyadenosine triphosphate.

PMID- 378996
TI  - Both positional isomers of aminoacyl-tRNA's are bound by elongation factor Tu.
AB  - Six purified Escherichia coli and yeast tRNA's were converted to positionally
      defined tRNA's terminating in 2'- and 3'-deoxyadenosine; the modified (amino
      acyl) tRNA's were compared for their abilities to bind to elongation factor Tu
      (EF-Tu) in the presence both of GTP and guanylylimidodiphosphate (GMP-P(NH)P).
      Formation of aminoacyl-tRNA . EF-Tu . guanine nucleotide ternary complexes was
      monitored by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and Ultrogel ACA 44 columns and
      also by measurement of the ability of the factor to diminish the rate of chemical
      hydrolysis of the aminoacyl-tRNA's. The apparent positional specificity of the
      factor was found to be affected substantially both by the choice of guanine
      nucleotide and gel filtration resin utilized, but not in any systematic fashion.
      Likewise, assay of ternary complex formation by diminution of the rate of
      chemical deacylation failed to reveal any consistent positional preference from
      one isoacceptor to another. It is worthy of note that each modified aminoacyl
      tRNA tested did form a ternary complex with EF-Tu under each of the experimental
      conditions used for assay, but that in each case the difference in affinity of
      the factor for isomeric aminoacyl-tRNA's was less than that between either of the
      modified aminoacyl-tRNA's and the corresponding unmodified species. On the basis
      of the experiments performed, we conclude that (i) EF-Tu has remarkable
      conformation flexibility, possibly reflecting its physiological role in
      recognizing 20 tRNA isoacceptors and (ii) the factor has no obvious preference
      for a single positional isomer of aminoacyl-tRNA and it is not clear that any
      preference that might exist could be established convincingly using tRNA's
      terminating in 2'- and 3'-deoxyadenosine.

PMID- 378997
TI  - Chemical modification of the active site sulfhydryl group of saccharopine
      dehydrogenase (L-lysine-forming).

PMID- 378998
TI  - The effect of chemical modification of 3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)uridine on tRNA
      function.
AB  - The minor base 3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)uridine (acp3U) in Escherichia coli
      tRNAPhe was acylated with the N-hydroxysuccinimide esters of acetic, phenoxy
      acetic, and naphthoxyacetic acid, as well as the ester of 5
      dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl (dansyl)-glycine. The derivatives of tRNAPhe
      formed were all capable of accepting phenylalanine. There were only minor effects
      on the kinetic parameters of these derivatives for E. coli phenylalanyl-tRNA 
      synthetase. There was no effect on the ability of tRNAPhe to participate in
      poly(U)- or poly(ACU)-directed polypeptide synthesis or in the poly(U)-stimulated
      binding to E. coli ribosomes. The rate of photodynamic cross-linking of 4-Srd 8
      to Cyd 13 was decreased in tRNAs containing the acetyl and dansyl-glycyl
      derivatives of acp3U, indicating that acylation of this base may perturb the
      tertiary structure of the tRNA. This base in tRNAPhe does not appear to play any
      role in the known biological functions of tRNAPhe.

PMID- 378999
TI  - Solubilization, purification, and salt activation of acyl-acyl carrier protein
      synthetase from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 379001
TI  - Competitive inhibitors of rabbit hepatic microsomal 12 alpha-steroid hydroxylase.
AB  - Rabbit hepatic microsomal 12 alpha-steroid hydroxylase which is stable to storage
      at -70 degrees C in the pellet form was assayed for activity with [5 alpha,6
      alpha-3H2]cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha-diol solubilized with Tween 80 since
      methanol was incapable of maintaining the sterol in aqueous solution. Under
      optimized conditions in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, containing nicotinamide,
      magnesium chloride, and NADPH, the enzyme conversion appeared linear for the
      initial 10 min. The rate of hydroxylation was proportional to protein
      concentration up to 4 mg/ml. Apparent Km and Vmax were 71 microM and 323 pmol of
      product/mg of protein/min. Based on the known structural requirements of the
      enzyme system, competitive inhibitors were prepared with the C-12 position
      derivatized as an alkene, hydroxyl, or oxo functional group. A Dixon plot
      revealed that 5 alpha-cholest-11-ene-3 alpha,7 alpha,26-triol was the best
      inhibitor with an apparent Ki of 26 microM.

PMID- 379000
TI  - Preparative enzymatic synthesis and hydrophobic chromatography of acyl-acyl
      carrier protein.
AB  - We have used purified preparations of acyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase to
      prepare pure, native acyl-acyl carrier proteins (acyl-ACP) ranging in chain
      lengths from C10:0 to C delta 9 18:1. Factors affecting yield are explored and
      reaction conditions are presented that yield 0.8 to 0.9 mg of C16:0-ACP/ml of
      reaction mix. Ohter acyl groups, such as C10:0 and C delta 9 18:1 are poorer
      substrates and gave correspondingly lower yields. Acyl-Acp synthetase may be
      recovered from the reaction mixture using blue-Sepharose CL-6B and recycled. ACP
      and acyl-ACP are separated by hydrophobic chromatography on octyl-Sepharose CL
      4B. Mixtures of acyl-ACPs could be resolved according to acyl chain length using
      octyl-Sepharose CL-4B columns eluted with a 2-propanol gradient. The high
      resolution obtained using 2-propanol gradients to separate acyl-ACP species
      suggests that similar techniques would be applicable to the chromatography of
      protein mixtures on hydrophobic supports.

PMID- 379002
TI  - Characterization of a deficiency of N6-(delta 2-isopentenyl)-2
      methylthioadenosine in the Escherichia coli mutant trpX by use of antibodies to
      N6-(delta 2-isopentenyl)adenosine.

PMID- 379003
TI  - Role of a membranous sialyltransferase complex in the synthesis of surface
      polymers containing polysialic acid in Escherichia coli. Temperature-induced
      alteration in the assembly process.
AB  - Membrane-associated sialyltransferase complexes of Escherichia coli K-235
      catalyze the synthesis of sialyl polymers which remain associated with the cell
      envelope. Sialyl monophosphorylundecaprenol is an intermediate in the formation
      of these unique surface structures, and fluidity of the lipid phase is required
      for the proper function of the enzyme complex (Troy, F.A., Vijay, I.K., and
      Tesche, N. (1975) J. Biol. Chem. 250, 156-163, 164-170). In membranes containing
      an increased unsaturated fatty acid content of the phospholipids, obtained by
      growing cells at 15 degrees C, synthesis of polysialic acid was uncoupled from
      synthesis of the sialyl lipid-linked intermediate. Using reconstruction
      experiments, the importance of the role of an endogenous acceptor in polymer
      formation was suggested by the unexpected finding that polysialic acid synthesis
      could be reactivated in inactive membranes by the addition of an exogenous
      acceptor which contained sialic acid. Concomitant with polymer synthesis was a
      rapid loss of labeled sialic acid from the lipid phase. The activated sialic acid
      was shown to be transferred directly to the exogenous acceptor. These results
      establish: 1) that the temperature-induced alteration in polymer synthesis
      resulted from the inability of cells grown at 15 degrees C to either synthesize
      or assemble a functional endogenous acceptor and not from a defect in the
      synthesis of the sialyltransferase; 2) the intermediate precursor role of lipid
      soluble sialic acid in sialyl polymer synthesis; and 3) that the exogenous
      acceptor served directly as an "acceptor" and not as a catalytic "effector" which
      stimulated an inactive membrane-enzyme complex. These results are in accord with
      the possibility that the low temperature-induced derangement in polymer formation
      is a consequence of the altered lipid structure resulting from the greater
      unsaturated fatty acid content in the membrane phospholipids. U-14C-labeled
      exogenous acceptor was isolated from the culture filtrate of cells grown at 37
      degrees C and purified to homogeneity by preparative polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. The pure acceptor was characterized structurally as a
      homopolymer of sialic acid with a degree of polymerization of approximately 12.
      Potassium borohydride reduction of the acceptor prior to complete hydrolysis with
      neuraminidase established that the polymer possessed a free reducing terminus of
      sialic acid. Subsequent structural studies showed that these oligomers of sialic
      acid appeared in the culture filtrate as a result of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis
      from membrane-associated polysialic acids of about 150 to 200 sialyl residues.
      Marked diminution of several membrane proteins was observed for cells grown at 15
      degrees C. The possible relationship of these alterations to the upward shift in
      unsaturated lipids and to the loss of a functional endogenous acceptor is
      currently under study.

PMID- 379005
TI  - Expression of the major red cell sialoglycoprotein, glycophorin A, in the human
      leukemic cell line K562.
AB  - We have found that the human leukemic cell line K562 (Lozzio, C.B., and Lozzio,
      B.B. (1975) Blood 45, 321-334) synthesizes a surface membrane glycoprotein which
      is identical or closely similar to the major red cell sialoglycoprotein,
      glycophorin A. The protein can be precipitated by specific anti-glycophorin A
      antiserum both from surface-labeled and metabolically labeled K562 cells.
      Cyanogen bromide cleavage of glycophorin A from red cells and the K562 cell
      protein gives apparently identical fragments, and the glycopeptides and
      oligosaccharides obtained after Pronase and mild alkaline treatment are closely
      similar. An antiserum made against intact K562 cells and absorbed with normal
      human white blood cells precipitated surface-labeled glycophorin A from
      erythrocytes. The amount of glycophorin A per cell in erythrocytes and K562 cells
      was very similar when determined by radioimmunoassay. The K562 cells contained
      blood group MN activity when tested with rabbit anti-M and anti-N sera. When
      incubated at 37 degrees C with rabbit anti-glycophorin A F(AB)2 fragments and
      fluorescent sheep anti-rabbit IgG, partial redistribution of glycophorin A
      (patching and capping) was seen in K562 cells but not in erythrocytes.

PMID- 379004
TI  - The product of the his4 gene cluster in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A trifunctional
      polypeptide.
AB  - The his4 region of yeast encodes the information for the third (phosphoribosyl
      AMP cyclohydrolase), second (phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphohydrolase), and tenth
      (histidinol dehydrogenase) steps in the histidine biosynthetic pathway. These
      three activities co-purify with a single protein which has a subunit molecular
      weight of 95,000 (95,000 protein), as determined by electrophoresis on
      polyacrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Extracts of yeast
      strains which carry nonsense or deletion mutations in various portions of the
      his4 region, purified in parallel by affinity chromatography on AMP-agarose
      columns, were examined on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis slabs. All such mutant extracts examined were found to lack the
      95,000 protein found in a strain carrying a wild type his4 allele. The presence
      of a protease inhibitor, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, during the purification
      of the trifunctional enzyme prevented the degradation of the 95,000 protein to
      polypeptides of lower molecular weight. Monospecific antibody prepared against
      the 95,000 protein removed all three of the activities specified by his4 from
      solution; active 95,000 protein was recovered in the resuspended
      immunoprecipitates. All this evidence shows that the product of the his4 region
      is a trifunctional, 95,000-dalton protein. Preliminary evidence from two
      dimensional gel electrophoresis, NH2-terminal analysis, and gel filtration column
      chromatography indicates that the native trifunctional enzyme is a dimer of
      identical 95,000-dalton subunits.

PMID- 379006
TI  - A new method of patellectomy for patellofemoral arthritis.
AB  - Total patellectomy, although it has a biomechanical disadvantage in that it may
      lead to a degree of quadriceps weakness, is frequently indicated in selected
      patients. Numerous different techniques of performing patellectomy have been
      described. In this paper, we present a technique of performing a patellectomy in
      which the continuity of the quadriceps mechanism is not disrupted and the vastuc
      medialis is advanced. Twenty-six patients (twenty-nine knees) in whom the
      procedure was performed were studied retrospectively. The findings in this series
      showed 90 per cent good or excellent results, two cases of extensor lag, an
      average of 118 degrees of knee flexion, minimum quadriceps atrophy with good
      strength, and minimum postoperative immobilization. The method presented has the
      important advantage of an easier, smoother postoperative knee-rehabilitation
      period, which is extremely advantageous in elderly patients.

PMID- 379007
TI  - Infantile cortical hyperostosis. Case report.

PMID- 379008
TI  - George J. Garceau, M.D. 1896--1977.

PMID- 379009
TI  - Raymond Earl Lenhard, M.D. 1898--1978.

PMID- 379010
TI  - The design of clinical trials comparing pi-meson therapy with conventional
      radiotherapy.
AB  - Comparative clinical trials of pi-meson therapy for several tumor sites will be
      performed in Vancouver using the TRIUMF facility. The design of these trials
      poses some particular problems related to the limited numbers of patients
      available. In this paper, some principles of study design are set forth and
      applied to the issue of randomised and non-randomised designs in general, and to
      the pi-meson trials in particular.

PMID- 379011
TI  - [Radiological study of 305 cases of spondylolysis with or without
      spondylolisthesis].
AB  - Three hundred and five cases of spondylolysis with or without spondylolisthesis
      were reviewed. The concept of an acquired lesion must be retained even though a
      dysplastic lesion may be postulated to account for the familial incidence. The
      examination in erect position facilitates the diagnosis by favoring slipping. The
      vast majority of lesions are found at L5-S1. Spina bifida occulta is often found
      in association with spondylolisthesis. This lesion leads to apophyseal arthrosis
      and disc degeneration at the involved level. The accentuation of the lombosacral
      angle is not a predominent factor leading to spondylolysis. This angulation will
      increase with duration and degree of slipping. CT scan provides an excellent
      account of the state of the spinal canal at the affected level. Could
      pseudospondylolisthesis be a headed stage of spondylolysis?

PMID- 379012
TI  - Sexual conjugation in yeast. Cell surface changes in response to the action of
      mating hormones.
AB  - In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, sexual conjugation between haploid cells
      of opposite mating type results in the formation of a diploid zygote. When
      treated with fluorescently labeled concanavalin A, a zygote stains nonuniformly,
      with the greatest fluorescence occurring at the conjugation bridge between the
      two haploid parents. In the mating mixture, unconjugated haploid cells often
      elongate to pear-shaped forms ("shmoos") which likewise exhibit asymmetric
      staining with the most intense fluorescence at the growing end. Shmoo formation
      can be induced in cells of one mating type by the addition of a hormone secreted
      by cells of the opposite mating type; such shmoos also stain asymmetrically. In
      nearly all cases, the nonmating mutants that were examined stained uniformly
      after incubation with the appropriate hormone. Asymmetric staining is not
      observed with vegetative cells, even those that are budded. These results suggest
      that, before and during conjugation, localized cell surface changes occur in
      cells of both mating types; the surface alterations facilitate fusion and are
      apparently mediated by the hormones in a manner that is mating-type specific.

PMID- 379013
TI  - Studies on the organization and localization of actin and myosin in neurons.
AB  - The organization of actin in mouse neuroblastoma and chicken dorsal root ganglion
      (DRG) nerve cells was investigated by means of a variety of electron microscope
      techniques. Microspikes of neuroblastoma cells contained bundles of 7- to 8-nm
      actin filaments which originated in the interior of the neurite. In the presence
      of high concentrations of Mg++ ion, filaments in these bundles became highly
      ordered to form paracrystals. Actin filaments, but not bundles, were observed in
      growth cones of DRG cells. Actin was localized in the cell body, neurites, and
      microspikes of both DRG and neuroblastoma nerve cells by fluorescein-labeled S1.
      Myosin was localized primarily in the neurites of chick DRG nerve cells with
      fluorescein-labeled anti-brain myosin antibody. This antibody also stained stress
      fibers in fibroblasts and myoblasts but did not stain muscle myofibrils.

PMID- 379014
TI  - Role of calcium ions in the control of embryogenesis of Xenopus. Changes in the
      subcellular distribution of calcium in early cleavage embryos after treatment
      with the ionophore A23187.
AB  - Treatment of stage 5 Xenopus embryos with the ionophore A23187 for only 10 min,
      in the absence of extracellular Mg2+ and Ca2+, causes cortical contractions and a
      high incidence of abnormal embryos during subsequent development. Cation analysis
      shows that divalent ions are not lost from the embryos, but that Ca2+ is
      redistributed within the subcellular fractions. Ca2+ is probably released from
      yolk platelets and/or pigment granules by the action of A23187, [Ca2+] rises in
      the cytosol, and the mitochondria attempt to take up this free Ca2+. The
      mitochondria concomitantly undergo characteristic ultrastructural
      transformations, changing towards energized-twisted and energized-zigzag
      conformations. A23187 allows these changes to be demonstrated in situ.
      Extracellular divalent cations (10(-4) M) interfere with this intracellular
      action of A23187. Intracellular accumulation of Na+ (by treatment with ouabain)
      or Li+ also causes abnormal development, probably by promoting a release of Ca2+
      from the mitochondria. It is suggested (a) that all these treatments cause a rise
      in [Ca2+]i which interferes with normal, integrated cell division, so causing, in
      turn, abnormal embryogenesis, (b) that levels of [Ca2+]i are of importance in
      regulating cleavage, (c) that the mitochondria could well have a function in
      regulating [Ca2+]i during embryogenesis in Xenopus, and (d) that vegetalizing
      agents may well act by promoting a rise in [Ca2+]i in specific cells in the
      amphibian embryo.

PMID- 379015
TI  - Nerve fibers in culture and their interactions with non-neural cells visualized
      by immunofluorescence.
AB  - Cultures of embryonic mouse spinal cord explants, alone or in combination with
      rat myotubes, were stained by indirect immunofluorescence using antibodies
      against three structural proteins to: (a) reveal the distribution of these
      proteins among different cell types, and (b) test the usefulness of antibody
      staining to reveal the gross morphology of the neurite network in complex
      cultures. Affinity column purified antibodies were used against chicken gizzard
      actin, porcine brain tubulin, and skeletal muscle alpha-actinin. Neurites were
      stained intensely by anti-actin as was the stress fiber pattern of underlying
      fibroblasts. With anti-tubulin, the staining of neurites was an order of
      magnitude more intense than the staining of the microtubule pattern of background
      fibroblasts. Neurite cell bodies and astrocyte-like glia cells were stained with
      anti-tubulin and their nuclei remained unstained. Anti-tubulin could thus be used
      to trace even the finest extensions of nerve processes in spinal cord and spinal
      cord-muscle cultures. Furthermore, it could be combined with the histochemical
      reaction for acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) to demonstrate AChE-positive
      neurons and specialized nerve-muscle contact sites. The staining of neural
      elements with anti-alpha-actinin was generally much weaker than with anti-actin
      and anti-tubulin. Neurites were stained only moderately in comparison to myotube
      Z lines in the same culture. However, a distinct staining of the periphery of
      dorsal root ganglion cells was observed. Thus, a protein immunologically related
      to muscle alpha-actinin is present in the nervous system. In myotubes, Z lines
      were stained intensely with anti-alpha-actinin while I bands were only faintly
      stained with anti-actin. In isolated myofibrils, both structures were stained
      intensely with the same antibody preparations.

PMID- 379016
TI  - High resolution microchemical analysis using soft X-ray lithographic techniques.
AB  - High resolution x-ray lithographic studies of cells from chick embryo hearts
      dried by the CO2 critical point method have been made with soft x-ray radiation
      of different wavelengths. A marked difference in the relief replica in polymethyl
      methacrylate (PMMA) resulting from the differential absorption by the dried cells
      of carbon K alpha radiation at 4.48 nm and broad band synchrotron radiation (SR)
      with lambda is greater than 1.5 nm demonstrates the potential usefulness of the
      technique in making high resolution (approximately or equal to 10 nm) chemical
      identification of the constitutents which make up the various parts of the cell.

PMID- 379018
TI  - Transport of proteins into mitochondria and chloroplasts.

PMID- 379017
TI  - Ultrastructure of microfilament bundles in baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells.
      The use of tannic acid.
AB  - After standard glutaraldehyde-osmium tetroxide fixation procedures, the majority
      of microfilament bundles in BHK-21 cells exhibit relatively uniform electron
      density along their long axes. The inclusion of tannic acid in the glutaraldehyde
      fixation solution results in obvious electron density shifts along the majority
      of microfilament bundles. Striated patterens are frequently observed which
      consist of regularly spaced electron dense (D) and electron lucid (L) bands. A
      striated pattern is also observed along many BHK-21 stress fibers after
      processing for indirect immunofluorescence utilizing BHK-21 myosin antiserum. A
      direct correlation of these periodicities seen by light and electron microscope
      techniques is impossible at the present time. However, comparative measurements
      indicate that the overall patterns seen in the immunofluorescence and electron
      microscope preparations are similar. The ultrastructural results provide an
      initial clue for the ultimate determination of the supramolecular organization of
      contracile proteins other than actin within the microfilament bundles of non
      muscle cells.

PMID- 379020
TI  - Vertebrate lectins, Comparison of properties of beta-galactoside-binding lectins
      from tissues of calf and chicken.
AB  - Beta-galactoside-binding lectins were isolated from various calf tissues and from
      chicken hearts by affinity chromatography on asialofetuin-Sepharose, and were
      compared with respect to biochemical characteristics, binding properties,
      antigenic cross-reactivity, and cellular localization. The lectins are all thiol
      group-requiring, divalent cation-independent dimers, of apparent monomer mol wt
      12,000 (calf lectins) or 13,000 (chicken lectin), and acidic pI. The calf lectins
      appear essentially identical by dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, amino acid composition, and
      radioimmunoassay, while the chicken lectin is distinctly different by these
      criteria. However, all of the lectins competed for the same binding sites on
      rabbit erythrocytes, and could be inhibited by the same saccharide haptens
      (notably lactose and thiodigalactoside). Immuno-fluorescence studies on several
      cultured cell lines revealed that the bovine and chicken lectins had primarily an
      intracellular cytoplasmic localization. The beta-galactoside-binding lectins of
      vertebrates appear to be species-specific rather than tissue-specific.

PMID- 379019
TI  - Cellular interaction between fixed and living cells. Transfer of radioactive
      materials from living cells to fixed cells.
AB  - Transfer of radioactive materials to fixed cells from an overlying layer of
      living cells has been examined to determine whether fixed cells can act as
      acceptors of glycosyltransferases of living cells. After the incubation of living
      cells were removed by EDTA treatment, and the radioactivity associated with the
      fixed cells was determined. Lipids, proteins and carbohydrates were found to be
      transfered from the living cells to the fixed cells. The amount of radioactivity
      transferred to the fixed cells was dependent on the number of both fixed and
      living cells and increased with the time of incubation. When fixed cells were
      treated with chloroform-methanol before the addition of living cells, the
      transfer of both lipids and proteins to the fixed cells decreased drastically,
      but only a slight decrease incarbohydrate transfer was observed. Most of the
      radioactive materials transferred from living cells labeled with glucosamine or
      fucose to chloroform-methanol-treated fixed cells were solubilized by trypsin but
      not by the detergents tested. Approximately 55% of the materials transferred from
      the cells labeled with glucosamine could be solubilized by hyaluronidase and
      chondroitinase, and the rest was solubilized by neuraminidase and a glycosidase
      mixture. The treatment of chloroform-methanol-extracted fixed cells with trypsin
      caused a significant decrease in the transfer from cells labeled with
      glucosamine. When nucleotide sugars were used as the radioactive precursor, no
      significant amount of radioactivity was transferred to the fixed cells.

PMID- 379021
TI  - Intermediate-sized filaments of human endothelial cells.
AB  - Human endothelial cells prepared from unbilical cords are characterized in
      parallel by electron microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence microscopy using
      specific antibodies against different classes of intermediate-sized filaments.
      The strongly developed, loose bundles of intermediate-sized filaments typically
      found in these cells are not decorated by antibodies against prekeratin or
      antibodies against smooth muscle desmin. They are, however, strongly decorated by
      antibodies directed against murine "vimentin," i.e., the 57,000 mol wt
      polypeptide which is the major protein of the intermediate-sized filaments
      predominant in various cells of mesenchymal origin. Cytoskeletal preparations
      greatly enriched in intermediate-sized filaments show the enrichment of a
      polypeptide band comigrating with murine vimentin. This shows that the
      intermediate-sized filaments that are abundant in human endothelial cells are
      predominantly of the vimentin type and can be demonstrated by their cross
      reaction with the vimentin of rodents. These data also strengthen the evidence
      for several subclasses of intermediate-sized filaments, which can be
      distinguished by immunological procedures.

PMID- 379023
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of wheat germ agglutinin-binding sites on surfaces
      of chick embryo cells during early differentiation.
AB  - The objective of this work was to examine changes in a surface component of cells
      from the chick embryo during morphogenetic migrations of gastrulation. Two
      electron microscope techniques were used to localize cell-bound wheat germ
      agglutinin (WGA), a lectin which specifically binds N-acetyl glucosamine
      residues. One technique involved conjugation of peroxidase to WGA before reaction
      with the cells; the other technique used glucose oxidase to mark WGA which was
      already cell-bound. In both cases, binding was revealed using diaminobenzidine.
      Before formation of the primitive streak, all surfaces of the two-layered embryo
      bound WGA. After migration of cells through the streak, to form the three-layered
      embryo, not all cell surfaces bound WGA equally. Epiblast cells generally bound
      WGA lateral to the primitive streak but not during passage through the streak.
      Mesenchyme cells, after passage through the streak, bound WGA increasingly as
      they migrated away from the streak. A WGA-binding matrix was observed in the
      vicinity of the mesenchyme cells and on the dorsal surface of the endoblast. The
      ventral surface of the endoblast bound the lectin very poorly. In some instances,
      a peroxidase reaction product was consistently seen on certain surfaces which was
      not removable by addition of the simple hapten N-acetyl glucosamine. In these
      cases, the density of the deposit was lessened by use of diacetyl chitobiose as a
      hapten. This result, together with the reduction of reaction product following
      certain hyaluronidase treatments, suggests that WGA may be binding to hyaluronic
      acid as well as membrane glycoproteins.

PMID- 379024
TI  - Repair and survival after UV in quiescent and proliferating Microtus agrestis
      cells: different rates of incision and different dependence on DNA precursor
      supply.
AB  - Cultured cells of Microtus agrestis, the common field vole, perform unscheduled
      DNA synthesis after UV irradiation. They respond to incubation with a DNA
      synthesis inhibitor (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine) following UV in ways
      typical of cells capable of excision repair, with reduced survival and an
      accumulation of breaks in pre-existing DNA. Microtus cells irradiated with UV in
      a quiescent pre-S-phase state are more sensitive to UV than are proliferating
      cells, in terms of survival. Adding DNA precursors (deoxyribonucleosides), and-
      in case of proliferating cells--growing in complete rather than dialysed serum,
      enhance UV survival. Quiescent cells show a higher rate of endonucleolytic
      incision of DNA after UV than do proliferating cells. The balance between
      incision (producing single-strand DNA breaks) and repair DNA synthesis (leading
      to rejoining of breaks) is shifted by the addition of deoxyribonucleosides, which
      suggests that DNA precursor supply is a rate-limiting factor in repair. The lower
      survival of quiescent cells (in the absence of added deoxyribonucleosides) may be
      due to insufficient precursor supply to meet the demands of the high incision
      rate.

PMID- 379022
TI  - Tubulin and calmodulin. Effects of microtubule and microfilament inhibitors on
      localization in the mitotic apparatus.
AB  - Indirect immunofluorescence was used to determine the distribution of calmodulin
      in the mitotic apparatus of rat kangaroo PtK2 and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)
      cells. The distribution of calmodulin in PtK2 cells was compared to the
      distribution of tubulin, also as revealed by indirect immunofluorescence. During
      mitosis, calmodulin was found to be a dynamic component of the mitotic apparatus.
      Calmodulin first appeared in association with the forming mitotic apparatus
      during midprophase. In metaphase and anaphase, calmodulin was found between the
      spindle poles and the chromosomes. While tubulin was found in the interzonal
      region throughout anaphase, calmodulin appeared in the interzone region only at
      late anaphase. The interzonal calmodulin of late anaphase condensed during
      telophase into two small regions, one on each side of the midbody. Calmodulin was
      not detected in the cleavage furrow. In view of the differences in the
      localization of calmodulin, tubulin, and actin in the mitotic apparatus,
      experiments were designed to determine the effects of various antimitotic drugs
      on calmodulin localization. Cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of actin microfilaments,
      had no apparent effect on calmodulin or tubulin localization in the mitotic
      apparatus of CHO cells. Microtubule inhibitors, such as colcemid and N2O, altered
      the appearance of tubulin- and calmodulin-specific fluorescence in mitotic CHO
      cells. Cold temperature (0 degrees C) altered tubulin-specific fluorescence of
      metaphase PtK2 cells but did not alter calmodulin-specific fluorescence. From
      these studies, it is concluded that calmodulin is more closely associated with
      the kinetichore-to-pole microtubules than other components of the mitotic
      apparatus.

PMID- 379025
TI  - Defective transient endogenous spleen colony formation in S1/S1d mice.
AB  - WCB6F1 mice of the genotype S1/S1d did not form transient 5-day endogenous spleen
      colonies following midlethal irradiation, either spontaneously or in response to
      postirradiation bleeding. Their hematologically normal (+/+) littermates produced
      colonies equivalent in number and morphologic type to a normal strain (D2B6F1),
      as evaluated by both macroscopic and microscopic criteria. Bone marrow cells from
      S1/S1d mice, when transplanted into lethally irradiated +/+ mice, were able to
      generate equivalent numbers of transient endogenous spleen colonies (TE-CFUs), as
      compared to that obtained when syngeneic +/+ marrow cells were injected into
      lethally irradiated +/+ recipients. A defective growth of an early class of
      hematopoietic progenitor cells, resulting in the clinical course of the S1/S1d
      anemia is suggested and confirms previous reports on the microenvironmental
      nature of this abnormality.

PMID- 379026
TI  - Annotation day wetting children.

PMID- 379027
TI  - Wariness of strangers: reality or artifact?

PMID- 379028
TI  - Aging and infection: a review.

PMID- 379029
TI  - Ultrastructural-immunocytochemical localization of growth hormone and prolactin
      in human pituitaries.
AB  - Immunocytochemical staining using the unlabeled antibody peroxidase
      antiperoxidase method was undertaken to localize and characterize in ultrathin
      sections of human pituitaries the cells responsible for the secretion of GH and
      PRL. Somatotrophs in seven pituitaries stained with human (h) PRL-absorbed
      antiserum to hGH, were abundant, round to ovoid, densely granulated cells, whose
      mean (+/-SD) granule diameter was 368 +/- 60 nm. Lactotrophs immunostained with
      antiserum to hPRL were less numerous, angular or branching cells, with fewer
      round to ovoid granules, the mean diameter (+/-SD) of which was 185 +/- 35 nm in
      six pituitaries. The somewhat larger PRL granules (up to a mean diameter of 360
      nm) seen in two of three additional pituitaries may have been related to the
      previous therapeutic administration of estrogen. Whereas the immunostained GH
      secreting cells resemble the presumed somatotrophs identified in other studies on
      the basis of nonimmunological staining, the immunostained PRL-secreting cells
      differ considerably from the cells with large (600--1000 nm) granules designated
      as lactotrophs by several previous investigators. The hazards of ultrastructural
      identification of human pituitary cell types on purely morphological (as opposed
      to immunocytochemical) grounds are emphasized.

PMID- 379031
TI  - Tyrosine degradation in presumptive identification of Peptostreptococcus
      anaerobius.
AB  - A new tyrosine medium was developed and evaluated for the differentiation of
      Peptostreptococcus anaerobius from other anaerobic, gram-positive cocci. The
      strains included 159 originating from clinical specimens and 13 reference strains
      received from other workers in the field. Only one strain of each species was
      included in the study from multiple cultures from the same patient. This medium
      is simple to prepare and can be used in a small clinical laboratory. One hundred
      seventy-two strains of anaerobic gram-positive cocci were grown and evaluated
      with the new tyrosine medium; 36 strains (100%) of P. anaerobius degradated the
      tyrosine crystals when incubated at 37 degrees C under anaerobic conditions in a
      GasPak jar (Baltimore Biological Laboratory) for approximately 72 h. On the other
      hand, 135 of 136 other anaerobic gram-positive cocci were negative for tyrosine
      degradation, but grew on the tyrosine agar plate when incubated anaerobically.
      The single strain that degraded tyrosine was 1 of the 13 isolates of
      Peptostreptococcus micros studied.

PMID- 379030
TI  - Measurement of immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA antibodies against Yersinia
      enterocolitica by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: persistence of serum
      antibodies during disease.
AB  - An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection and quantitation of human
      immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA antibodies against Yersinia enterocolitica
      is described. Formalinized or heat-treated bacteria were adsorbed onto specially
      designed microcuvettes, and antibodies were allowed to attach to the antigen
      coated cuvettes. Rabbit anti-human mu, anti-human gamma, and anti-human alpha
      antisera were allowed to react with human antibodies, and these class-specific
      anti-immunoglobulins were detected by alkaline phosphatase-labeled swine anti
      rabbit IgG. A total of 423 sera were tested. The results obtained with the enzyme
      linked immunosorbent assay were compared with the results of the conventional
      tube agglutination test. Persistence of different antibodies was studied in six
      patients. Antibodies of the IgM class persisted only for 1 to 3 months after
      onset of the disease; thus the occurence of IgM-class Yersinia antibodies in a
      single sample indicates a recently acquired infection. The persistence of the IgG
      and IgA-class antibodies was variable and not parallel with each other.
      Remarkably, all three patients in which the disease was complicated with
      arthritis had IgA-class Yersinia antibodies at the end of the follow-up period of
      9 to 14 months, and in those without arthritis the IgA-class antibodies
      disappeared within 3 months after onset of the disease.

PMID- 379032
TI  - Partially purified antibodies used in a solid-phase radioimmunoassay for
      detecting candidal antigenemia.
AB  - The development of a solid-phase radioimmunoassay procedure for the detection of
      Candida albicans antigens in serum of mice is described. Antibodies against C.
      albicans that were used in the radioimmunoassay procedure were partially purified
      from immune serum by a C. albicans antigen-coupled affinity column. Elution of
      anti-C. albicans antibodies from the column was by glucose and mannose; 4 mg of
      protein was recovered per ml, which contained 50% of the candidal agglutinin
      activity of immune serum. Also, 81% of the protein (partially purified antibody)
      recovered was adsorbed by whole C. albicans cells. Anti-C. albicans antibodies
      were either coupled to Sepharose 4B for use as the solid phase to bind candidal
      antigen in serum of infected animals, or radioiodinated (125I) for use as a
      tracer molecule to bind to the candidal antigen solid-phase complex. Although
      control experiments indicated that at least 100 ng of candidal antigen should be
      present in a serum specimen for a positive radioimmunoassay test, candidal
      antigenemia was detected in 70.4% of infected mice even in cases where blood
      cultures for C. albicans were negative. With further refinement and adaptability
      to human serum, the radioimmunoassay test may become a helpful tool for use in
      the diagnosis of systemic candidiasis.

PMID- 379034
TI  - Improved blood culture technique based on centrifugation: clinical evaluation.
AB  - A total of 3,335 blood samples from 1,180 patients suspected of having bacteremia
      were analyzed concurrently by two methods: (i) supplemented peptone broth with
      sodium polyanethanol sulfonate and a CO2 atmosphere; and (ii) lysis
      centrifugation at 3,000 X g for 30 min onto a high-density, hydrophobic cushion.
      The centrifugation technique recovered 80% of the positive cultures as compared
      with 67% for the broth method. The centrifugation technique showed an apparent
      increase in the isolation of staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, and yeasts. In
      almost every instance, the time required for detection of a positive culture was
      shortest for the centrifugation method. Contamination rates for both systems were
      comparable (1.4%). Quantitation, offered only by the centrifugation method,
      proved useful on several occasions in discriminating between an opportunistic
      infection versus a skin contaminant and in judging efficacy of antimicrobial
      therapy.

PMID- 379033
TI  - False-positive reactions in the rapid plasma reagin-card, fluorescent treponemal
      antibody-absorbed, and hemagglutination treponemal syphilis serology tests.
AB  - Sera from 628 nonsyphilitic individuals were tested with the Rapid Plasma Reagin
      Card, Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-Absorbed, and Hemagglutination Treponemal
      Test for Syphilis tests to ascertain the comparative specificity of these tests.
      Many sera were also tested with the quantitative Venereal Disease Research
      Laboratory test. Sera included in the study were from both normal individuals and
      patients with a variety of illnesses and conditions. The Hemagglutination
      Treponemal Test for Syphilis gave the lowest overall percentage of false-positive
      reactions (1.6%), followed by the Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-Absorbed test
      (3.3%) and the Rapid Plasma Reagin-Card test (10.8%).

PMID- 379035
TI  - Achromobacter species (CDC group Vd): morphological and biochemical
      characterization.
AB  - Twenty-three isolates of Achromobacter species (CDC group Vd) were examined
      morphologically and biochemically. Gram stains revealed gram-variable bacilli
      frequently curved or hooked at one pole and often coryneform in shape and
      arrangement. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of extracellular material
      in polar accumulations and demonstrated the polar flagella arrangement seen by
      light microscopy to be lateral. Two colony types were produced; one was minute
      and watery at 24 h (35 degrees C) progressing to large, mucoid colonies at 48 h,
      and the other type was shiny, glistening, opaque but nonmucoid. All isolates grew
      on MacConkey agar and produced catalase, oxidase, and urease. Most grew on
      salmonella-shigella agar, reduced nitrate to nitrite and gas, hydrolyzed esculin,
      deaminated phenylalanine (2 to 4 days) and produced H2S in triple sugar iron agar
      (4 to 12 days). Oxidation of carbohydrates was weak, delayed, and limited to
      glucose and xylose. Two isolates also oxidized maltose, mannitol, and sucrose.
      The ability of miniaturized "nonfermenter" kits to identify Achromobacter species
      was tested. The Minitek (Baltimore Biological Laboratory, Cockeysville, Md.) and
      N/F (Corning, Roslyn, N.Y.) systems, respectively, identified 21 and 19 of the 23
      isolates, whereas the Oxi/Ferm (Roche, Nutley, N.J.) identified 13 and the API
      20E (Analytab Products, Plainview, N.Y.) identified only 3.

PMID- 379036
TI  - Solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of hepatitis A
      specific immunoglobulin M.
AB  - A solid-phase enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the detection
      of immunoglobulin M antibody to hepatitis A virus. The system was capable of
      detecting hepatitis A-specific immunoglobulin M in a single dilution of serum and
      appears to be a reliable and rapid means of establishing a diagnosis of hepatitis
      A infection. Specific immunoglobulin M was only detected in patients with
      serologically confirmed hepatitis A and not in patients with other forms of
      hepatitis, chronic liver disease, or autoimmune disease. In patients with
      hepatitis A, specific immunoglobulin M was usually detectable for 6 weeks after
      the onset of dark urine, and the longest period for which it was present in any
      patient was 115 days. This enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is rapid, simple to
      perform, and does not require complicated equipment. Provided adequate supplies
      of purified reagents can be obtained, this enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
      procedure is likely to simplify hepatitis A serology, because the same antibody
      coated plates can be utilized to detect hepatitis A virus, anti-hepatitis A
      virus, and hepatitis A-specific immunoglobulin M.

PMID- 379037
TI  - Laboratory and field evaluation of selective media for isolation of group B
      streptococci.
AB  - Problems encountered with currently recommended selective media for group B
      streptococci (GBS) (selective broth medium and CNA agar) prompted a searach for
      alternative culture methods in ongoing epidemiological studies. Previously
      recommended inhibitory agents were tested in vitro. Gentamicin, alone or in
      combination with nalidixic acid, proved inhibitory for many GBS strains. Among
      other agents tested, polymyxin was most complementary to the gram-negative
      spectrum of nalidixic acid, without compromising GBS growth. Crystal violet
      provided the simplest, most economical staphylococcal inhibitor. Broth and agar
      media, constituted with these three agents and designated NPC, were evaluated in
      vitro and in field studies. This investigation represents the first direct
      comparison of broth media containing inhibitory agents for the preferential
      isolation of GBS. In maternal colonization studies, NPC broth proved superior to
      Todd-Hewitt broth containing nalidixic acid and gentamicin at concentrations
      employed in the previously described selective broth medium (95% versus 59%
      recovery). Our comparisons were done without added sheep blood since GBS grow
      well in Todd-Hewitt broth. NPC broth proved more sensitive than NPC agar for
      detecting GBS colonization in newborns. The NPC agar medium was useful for
      further purification of broth cultures and quantitative culture techniques.

PMID- 379038
TI  - Use of an enzyme immunoassay test for characterizing the A and M antigens of
      Brucella.
AB  - An enzyme immunoassay test was developed for detecting the A and M antigens of
      brucellae. One hundred fifteen isolates, including 96 strains of Brucella
      abortus, 5 strains of B. suis, 1 strain of B. melitensis and 1 strain of B.
      neotomae, were accurately serotyped with the enzyme immunoassay test. No
      reactions were observed with 11 isolates of B. canis and 1 isolate of B. ovis.
      This rapid serological test provides for considerable savings in time and
      materials as compared with the standard tube agglutination test.

PMID- 379039
TI  - Use of colony pools for diagnosis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea.
AB  - Diagnosis of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea was made in 109 adult
      males with an acute dehydrating cholera-like syndrome in Dacca, Bangladesh, by
      testing 10 colonies isolated from admission stool specimens for production of
      heat-labile and heat-stable toxins. Toxin testing of one colony yielded a
      diagnosis in 92% of the cases, testing of two colonies yielded a diagnosis in 95%
      of the cases, testing of a pool of 5 colonies yielded a diagnosis in 95% of the
      cases, and testing of a pool of 10 colonies yielded a diagnosis in 96% of the
      cases. From stool cultures obtained on subsequent days, toxin testing of
      individual colonies and pools revealed diminished efficacy of pooling with
      decreasing numbers of enterotoxin-positive isolates in the pool. To detect the
      presence of enterotoxigenic E. coli in stools, toxin testing of 5 individual
      isolates and a pool of 10 colonies was found to be almost as effective as the
      testing of 10 individual isolates.

PMID- 379040
TI  - Immunoglobulin G- and M-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection
      of dengue antibodies.
AB  - An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to dengue
      virus is described. This method correlates well with a hemagglutination
      inhibition technique. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay can also be specific
      for human immunoglobulin M antibodies when a mu-chain-specific antiglobulin
      enzyme conjugate and fractionated serum are employed. By using this technique,
      dengue immunoglobulin M antibodies were demonstrated in an infant suspected of
      having a recent dengue infection.

PMID- 379041
TI  - Comparison of the Minitek system with conventional methods for identification of
      nonfermentative and oxidase-positive fermentative gram-negative bacilli.
AB  - The Minitek system was compared with conventional test methods for identifying a
      wide range of nonfermentative and oxidase-positive fermentative gram-negative
      bacilli. A total of 230 isolates representing 33 species and biotypes were tested
      against 12 Minitek substrates and the corresponding conventional tube media. In
      addition, supplementary tests were included for 141 (61.3%) of the isolates.
      Overall, 88% of the positive reactions agreed, and negative reactions agreed
      95.5%. Anaerobic dextrose, maltose, lactose, and citrate were responsible for
      62.4% of the 93 discrepant positive reactions, and 51.8% of the 83 discrepant
      negative reactions involved the aerobic dextrose, nitrate, and citrate disks.
      Some discrepancies were related to specific organisms. The system and
      supplementary tests correctly identified 88.3% of the isolates to species level
      and 92.6% to correct genus. No particular organism or substrate was responsible
      for misidentification errors. In a test challenge with 19 selected organisms, 3
      were incorrectly identified to species and 4 were misidentified to genus level.
      Most of the errors responsible for these incorect identifications were due to
      factors other than the Minitek disks and pointed out the importance of using
      appropriate supplemental data, and the need for a coding manual and a more
      enriched broth for certain types of isolates.

PMID- 379043
TI  - New medium for differentiation of Candida albicans from Candida stellatoidea.
AB  - A simple medium effectively differentiated Candida stellatoidea from Candida
      albicans on the basis of a new criterion, relative sensitivity to cycloheximide.

PMID- 379044
TI  - Constricted tube system for presumptive identification and differentiation of
      group D streptococci.
AB  - A single, constricted tube containing two differential media to identify and
      differentiate group D streptococci was developed. Test results with a limited
      number of group D streptococcal isolates were in complete agreement with results
      of conventional procedures.

PMID- 379042
TI  - Pooling method for screening large numbers of Escherichia coli for production of
      heat-stable enterotoxin, and its application in field studies.
AB  - A modified suckling mouse assay was developed for use in field studies whereby
      five E. coli isolates could be tested as a pool for heat-stable enterotoxin.

PMID- 379045
TI  - Reconstitution of spectrin-deficient, spherocytic mouse erythrocyte membranes.
AB  - To study directly the role of spectrin in erythrocyte membrane function, we have
      designed a reconstituted membrane system using erythrocyte membranes from
      spectrin-deficient mice and purified spectrin from normal mice. The normal
      spectrin is inserted into the spectrin-deficient spherocytes by exchange
      hemolysis. Thereafter, raising the ionic strength and temperature reseals the
      cells and, with time, facilitates binding of the spectrin to the spectrin
      deficient membranes. The binding is apparently specific as shown by its
      dependence upon the concentration of undenatured spectrin and the concentration
      of salt used, as well as by the immunofluorescent appearance of the reconstituted
      cells after treatment with specific antispectrin antibody. In terms of in vitro
      cellular behavior, the reconstituted preparations show marked changes in
      comparison to the untreated spherocytes. In particular, membrane stability, as
      measured by the reduction of myelin figure formation and lipid loss, is
      considerably enhanced. In addition, membrane fusion, which occurs readily with
      the untreated spherocytes, is virtually eliminated. Finally, the osmotic behavior
      of the native spherocytes is appreciably altered, such that the early phase of
      osmotically induced swelling, as measured in a high-speed stop-flow apparatus, is
      delayed and modified. Taken together, these findings indicate specific roles for
      spectrin in the stabilization of the erythrocyte membrane, in the limitation of
      membrane fusion, and in the modulation of the membrane's response to osmotic
      stress.

PMID- 379046
TI  - Effect of age on glucose-stimulated insulin release by the beta-cell of the rat.
AB  - To assess the effect of age on beta-cell insulin release, collagenase-isolated
      islets of Langerhans were obtained from rats aged 2--18 mo and incubated with
      increasing concentrations of glucose. Similar islets were analyzed for insulin
      content or subjected to morphometric measurements to identify both the number of
      beta-cells and the volume of beta-granules per islet. In parallel studies, the
      islet content of intact pancreata was also determined. The results showed that
      beta-cell number increased from 2,300 t0 5,000 cells as rats aged from 2 to 18 mo
      and islet insulin content doubled. However, glucose-stimulated insulin release
      decreased progressively with age, and this was especially striking when
      considered in terms of the increase in number of beta-cells/islet; e.g., mean (+/
      SEM) insulin secretion (nanounits per minute per beta-cell) of islets incubated
      with 450 mg/dl of glucose was 1.3 (+/- 0.02), 1.0 (+/- 0.1), 0.4 (+/- 0.05), and
      0.3 (+/- 0.01), respectively for 2-, 6-, 12-, and 18-mo-old rats. Thus, insulin
      secretion per beta-cell was decreased, despite increased stores of insulin per
      cell. These findings demonstrate that the aging process leads to a profound
      defect in glucose-stimulated insulin release from the beta-cell. Whether this is
      a global secretory defect, or solely a failure of the beta-cell to respond to
      glucose, remains to be defined.

PMID- 379048
TI  - Ketamine-facilitated induced anxiety therapy and its effect upon clients'
      reactions to stressful situations.
AB  - Evaluated the role of physiological arousal in the Induced Anxiety therapy
      procedure. Assigned 21 normal Ss to either conventional Induced Anxiety Induced
      Anxiety supplemented by the drug ketamine during arousal, or a no-treatment
      condition. The ketamine group was superior to the conventional group which was
      superior to the no-treatment group in reducing negative affect experienced during
      stressful situations. Most of the reduction was in depressive affect. The
      superior results obtained by increasing physiological arousal could not be
      accounted for by increased subjective emotional arousal.

PMID- 379049
TI  - Effect of hydrogen peroxide on developing plaque and gingivitis in man.
AB  - The present experiment was undertaken to assess the effect of hydrogen peroxide
      release during mouth rinsings on the composition of the microbiota of developing
      plaque in humans and the amount and pathogenecity of the plaque formed. The trial
      was designed as a double-blind crossover study of the effect of a mouthwash
      (Amosan) had a placebo rinse on the development of plaque and gingivitis in young
      adults. The active compound was available as a powder; the rinse consisted of 1.7
      g powder dissolved in 30 ml hot tap water. Fourteen dental students participated
      in the trial. The students were examined during two consecutive periods, each
      consisting of one preparatory (during which active tooth cleaning measures were
      carefully practiced) and one main test period (during which mouth rinsings were
      the only plaque control measure). Each of the two test periods was initiated by a
      baseline examination following which the participants rinsed either with the
      active or the placebo mouthwash. The rinsings were performed immediately after
      breakfast, after lunch and after dinner. Measurements of Plaque and Gingival
      Index scores were performed 4, 7 and 14 days after the start of the no
      toothbrushing period. Bacteria were sampled and examined after 7 and 14 days of
      trial. The results demonstrated that a mouthwash which released hydrogen peroxide
      effectively prevented the colonization of filaments, fusiforms, motile and curved
      rods as well as spirochetes in developing plaque. The mouthwash which was used as
      the only oral hygiene measure during a 2-week period furthermore markedly reduced
      the amount of plaque formed and significantly retarded gingivitis development. It
      is suggested that H202 released by mouthwashes during rinsing may prevent or
      retard the colonization and multiplication of anaerobic bacteria.

PMID- 379050
TI  - Periodontal therapy by local delivery of tetracycline.
AB  - The present investigation assessed the feasibility of treating periodontal
      disease by controlled delivery of antibacterial agents from within periodontal
      pockets. Tetracycline-filled hollow fibers placed in the gingival sulcus were
      shown to have a dramatic effect both on the periodontal microflora and clinical
      manifestations of disease. Furthermore, it was found that drug-filled cellulose
      acetate hollow fibers are biologically compatible with the environment and can be
      manipulated by dental personnel to provide drug therapy with less than 1/1000 the
      amount of tetracycline that would have been used for systemic therapy. Of
      theoretical importance is the observation that virtual elimination of spirochetes
      from the gingival sulcus is possible by a single placement of tetracycline-filled
      hollow fibers, and spirochetes, once eliminated from a site, do not rapidly
      recolonize despite the persistence of viable organisms elsewhere in the mouth.

PMID- 379051
TI  - Amalgam restorations, plaque removal and periodontal health.
AB  - A total of 156 approximal subgingival amalgam overhanging margins were assessed
      in the buccal segments of 13 patients for plaque accumulation, gingival
      inflammation, pocket depth and gingival shrinkage. Recordings were made
      immediately before and 2, 4 and 8 weeks following scaling, removal of overhangs,
      and oral hygiene instruction. Surfaces with overhangs were compared with control
      surfaces, which were either intact or contained supragingival amalgams. Initially
      it was found that gingival inflammation and pocket depth were more extensive
      adjacent to subgingival amalgam overhangs than to sound teeth or those with
      supragingivally located amalgams. This appeared to be due to preferential plaque
      accumulation in relation to subgingival overhangs. For all parameters compared,
      differences apparent at the baseline had disappeared by the end of the 8-week
      study period. Contouring of defective subgingival restorations, followed by
      effective scaling and oral hygiene instruction produced approximately 1 mn of
      gingival shrinkage, sufficient in most cases to produce clinical gingival health.
      Of the 156 subgingival fillings 83 (53%) became supragingival and 43 (28%)
      reached the gingival crest by the end of the 8-week study period.

PMID- 379047
TI  - Changes in sedimentation of surfactant in ventilated excised rat lungs. Physical
      alterations in surfactant associated with the development and reversal of
      atelectasis.
AB  - We ventilated excised rat lungs at a constant tidal volume (CTV); they developed
      areas of atelectasis which could be reversed by a large inflation (CTV + I) or
      prevented by the addition of positive end-expiratory pressure to the CTV. To
      explore the possibility that these modes of ventilation led to changes in
      surfactant, we lavaged the lungs and centrifuged the returns at 500 g; we
      measured the amount of disaturated phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) in the resultant
      pellet and supernatant fluid as a marker for surfactant. We found 16.9+/-1.5
      (mean+/-SE), 38.0+/-2.4, 18.3+/-1.6, and 21.7+/-2.3% of the total lavage DSPC, in
      the pellet from freshly excised, CTV, CTV + I, and positive end-expiratory
      pressure to the CTV lungs, respectively. The total amount of lavage DSPC was the
      same in all groups. The ultrastructure of acellular material pelleted by
      sequential centrifugation of lavage returns at 500, 1,000, and 60,000 g was
      examined. We found mostly tubular myelin in the 500-g and 1,000-g pellets, but no
      tubular myelin in the 60,000-g pellet. Air inflation pressure-volume measurements
      from the degassed state revealed that the opening pressure and recoil pressures
      up to 75% of total lung capacity were significantly higher in the CTV than in the
      CTV + I lungs. There were no differences between these groups in air deflation or
      in saline inflation and deflation pressure-volume measurements. Our findings
      suggest that CTV leads to increases in the tubular myelin form of surfactant and
      that this leads to increased surface tension in alveoli which results in alveolar
      collapse.

PMID- 379052
TI  - Clinical improvement of gingival conditions following ultrasonic versus hand
      instrumentation of periodontal pockets.
AB  - A study utilizing a split-mouth design in 18 subjects and with four operators was
      performed in order to compare the effect of hand and ultrasonic instrumentation
      of periodontal pockets. Contralateral pairs of teeth with pockets of comparable
      depth were treated by either hand or ultrasonic instruments. Instrumentation was
      repeated after 4 weeks. Pocket depth, bleeding on probing and gingival fluid
      measurements were used for evaluation. A gradual reduction of pocket depth and
      number of bleeding points took place throughout the 8-week experimental period.
      Clinically significant differences were not observed comparing the effect of hand
      instruments to ultrasonics for any of the operators. The amounts of gingival
      fluid were similar for both methods of instrumentation at the final examination.
      Thus, the present study failed to demonstrate any significant differences between
      the effect of ultrasonic root debridement and hand instrumentation in the
      treatment of 4-6 mm deep periodontal pockets.

PMID- 379053
TI  - Development of experimental gingivitis in the juvenile and adult beagle dog.

PMID- 379054
TI  - Universal health insurance in Canada: history, problems, trends.
AB  - This paper describes the universal health insurance program in Canada and
      identifies the historical events and social values leading to its adoption.
      Universal hospital insurance was adopted in 1958, ten years before medical
      insurance, as a result hospital-based patterns of practice were solidified.
      Through cost sharing, the federal government influenced the provinces to enact
      relatively uniform universal plans. From 1951 to 1971 health care expenditures
      rose rapidly to 7.3% of the gross national product (GNP), but have since
      decreased and stabilized at about 6.9%. In contrast, health care in the United
      States represents 8.6% of GNP. Hospital use also increased rapidly in Canada to
      1970 but appears to have stabilized and decreased slightly in this decade.
      Physician incomes rose rapidly before 1971, but since then the increases have
      slowed and relative incomes of physicians have fallen. Althouth the percent of
      GNP spent for health care has leveled, there are still substantial annual
      increases in expenditures that are paid for by government. Two federal
      initiatives, Bill C-37 and the Lalonde Report, have their roots in cost
      containment; Bill C-37 transfers greater taxing authority from the federal
      government to the provinces. To meet the goal of containing costs, provincial
      governments are moving in the direction of regionalization, decentralization, and
      greater coordination. In the short term, the provinces have limited hospital
      budgetary increases to percentages less than the rate of inflation. Cost
      constraints may be long overdue. Imposing fiscal limits encourages rational
      planning. It does not appear that the health of Canadians will be adversely
      affected or essential benefits curtailed by present budgetary restrictions or
      reorganization.

PMID- 379055
TI  - Display and visualization of three-dimensional reconstructed anatomic morphology:
      experience with the thorax, heart, and coronary vasculature of dogs.
AB  - A new method, termed reprojection, is used to visualize anatomic morphology
      contained within three-dimensional reconstructions made up of images of multiple
      parallel cross sections. This method involves the projection, either
      orthographically into a plane or radially onto a cylinder, of the volume picture
      elements (voxels) of the reconstruction. Orthographic reprojection images, formed
      by mathematically summing the magnitudes of the voxels along selected parallel
      paths through the reconstructed volume, are analagous to conventional radiographs
      formed by the passage of an X-ray beam through the volume. The reprojection image
      is a two-dimensional array of picture elements that is displayed on a television
      monitor using a digital-to-video scan converter. Also described are the
      techniques of noninvasive selective tissue dissolution and numerical dissection,
      whereby obscuring portions of the reconstructed volume are either partially
      "dissolved" or totally eliminated before reprojection. Utilizing these methods,
      anatomic information present in a three-dimensional reconstruction but not
      clearly seen in a reprojection image is rendered visible after removal of
      superposed structures. The usefulness of these methods is demonstrated utilizing
      three-dimensional reconstructions of the thorax, heart, and coronary arteries of
      dogs.

PMID- 379056
TI  - Coliform mastitis--a review.

PMID- 379057
TI  - Economic losses from and the national research program on mastitis in the United
      States.
AB  - Scientific papers estimating economic losses from mastitis were reviewed. Reduced
      milk production from cows with subclinical mastitis was responsible for the
      largest losses. Losses from mastitis in the United States in 1976 were estimated
      by usable responses to a survey from 33 states representing 9.5 million cows or
      86% of the dairy cow population. Losses of milk yields caused by mastitis were
      386 kg/cow per yr and losses of discarded milk 62 kg/cow per yr. Annual losses
      per cow from mastitis were a) reduced milk production, $81.32; b) discarded milk,
      $12.88; c) cost of veterinary services, $1.97; d) cost of drugs, !3,86; e)
      increased labor, $2.28; f) decreased sale value, $5.72; g) increased replacement
      costs, $9.32; h) total, $117.35. For the 11 million cows in the United States
      1976 losses from mastitis were $1.294 billion. Mastitis research was supported
      publicly at 22 locations under 43 projects. Approximately 24 scientist years were
      involved and $2.7 million of public funds were expended annually. If economic
      losses from mastitis were reduced 2% per year for 10 yr by research and
      expenditures for mastitis research remained the same, the benefit to cost ratio
      from mastitis research would be approximately 9.6 to 1.

PMID- 379058
TI  - Leukocytes--second line of defense against invading mastitis pathogens.
AB  - In mammals, neutrophile polymorphonuclear leukocytes constitute one of the
      essential body defenses against disease. In a large mammal, such as the dairy
      cow, billions of neutrophils are mobilized to fight infection. For example, over
      50 million neutrophils per milliliter milk are commonly in a mammary quarter
      inflicted with clinical mastitis. However, in spite of these numerous leukocytes,
      pathogenic organisms remain viable. Recent evidence indicates that bacteria are
      not eliminated from a diseased quarter because the phagocytic capacity of the
      neutrophils is reduced in the mammary gland. The morphology and physiology of the
      leukocyte is examined in this review in an attempt to explain why the phagocytic
      capacity of the neutrophil is reduced in the mammary gland of the bovine.

PMID- 379059
TI  - The immune system on the ruminant mammary gland and its role in the control of
      mastitis.
AB  - Immunoglobulins in mammary secretion are derived from blood serum or are made
      locally by cells of the lymphocyte-plasma cell series situated close to the
      glandular epithelium. The major immunoglobulin in colostrum and milk of
      ruminants, IgG1, is derived from the blood and is transferred into secretion
      selectively relative to IgG2, probably by a mechanism requiring specific receptor
      sites on the basal of intercellular membrane of the glandular epithelium. Acute
      inflammation causes suppression of selective transfer of IgG1, but there is a
      marked increase in the transfer of proteins, such as IgG2 and serum albumin,
      which enter secretion nonselectively. Infusion of antigen into the mammary gland
      of ruminants some weeks before parturition induces a persisting local production
      of antibody, most of which is associated with IgA and IgM. IgA cells in the
      mammary gland probably originate in the intestine, and prior antigenic
      stimulation of the gut may be required for maximal IgA antibody responses in the
      gland. Local immunization with staphylococcal vaccines gives a measurable degree
      of protection against staphylococcal challenge. Systemic immunization with viable
      staphylococci leading to subcutaneous abscess formation elicits significant
      protection to subsequent mammary challenge which is attributable, at least in
      part, to specific antibody of the IgG2 class cytophilic to polymorphs.

PMID- 379060
TI  - Control of mastitis by hygiene and therapy.
AB  - Hygiene and therapy are two important components of a program to control
      mastitis. Conscientious application of these practices significantly reduces
      intramammary infection, especially when they are applied in concert with superior
      management. The two components operate independently, and response is maximum
      when both are applied. Hygiene acts by reducing the frequency of infection. The
      primary effect of therapy is to increase the rate of eliminating established
      infections, although dry cow treatment also provides prophylactic benefits. The
      most effective hygiene and therapy practices are dipping of teats after milking
      and treating each quarter at the end of lactation.

PMID- 379062
TI  - A review of research on genetic variation in physiological characteristics
      related to performance in dairy cattle.
AB  - Genetic influence on physiological characteristics ranges from single gene
      effects on amino acid substitutions in alternative forms of proteins to
      quantitative genetic effects on the amounts of enzymes and hormones. The number
      of loci involved in the control of quantitative variation in physiologically
      important substances is not known. A number of marker genes that affect blood
      antigens, serum and milk proteins, and enzymes have been identified in dairy
      cattle. However, relatively little is known about genetic effects on quantitative
      physiological traits in dairy cattle. Much more is known about the genetic
      control of hormones in laboratory animals. About 25% of the variation in milk
      production of dairy cows results from genetic differences. We need more studies
      of genetic influences on the various physiological and biochemical processes
      involved in the secretion of milk to reveal the mechanisms by which genetics
      influences the quantity and quality of milk produced by individual cows.

PMID- 379061
TI  - Mastitis: I. In vitro antimicrobial activity of alkyl amines against mastitic
      bacteria.
AB  - The activities of branched and straight chain amines (10 to 18 carbons chain
      length) were compared in inhibiting the growth of five microorganisms that cause
      about 95% of bovine mastitis. Three gram-positive (Streptococcus agalactiae,
      Streptococcus uberis, Staphylococcus aureus) and two gram-negative (Escherichia
      coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria were used in a trypticase soy broth tube
      culture growth assay. Sixty-two compounds were screened at concentrations of 200,
      100, 50, 25, 10, 5, and 1 ppm in broth culture to determine the effective minimum
      inhibitory concentration. Alkyl secondary N-substituted monoethyl
      [CH3(CH2)nNHCH2CH3] and tertiary N,N-substituted dimethyl [CH3(CH2) nN(CH3)2]
      amines with chain lengths of 11 to 14 carbon atoms were active against both gram
      positive and gram-negative organisms. Antimicrobial activity against gram
      positive organisms increased with increasing chain length and carbon-14 to 18
      amines were active at 1 to 5 ppm. The carbon-11 to 13 alkyl amines were most
      active against gram-positive organisms; longer chain amines (more than 14
      carbons) were inactive. Branching of the alkyl chain caused a loss of activity
      against gram-negative but not against gram-positive bacteria. Antimicrobial
      testing of monoamines, polyamines, and the influence of order substituents were
      investigated to correlate structure-acitivity relationships.

PMID- 379063
TI  - Distribution and effects of the 1/29 Robertsonian translocation in cattle.
AB  - The distribution and effects of the 1/29 translocation in cattle, defined with
      chromosome banding techniques, are described. Findings in different parts of the
      world are reported, and the origin of the translocation in some cases is
      explained. Geographical distribution as known at present reflects the areas in
      which chromosome investigations have been carried out rather than the true
      distribution. It is not known whether the occurrence of the 1/29 translocation in
      different geographical areas and breeds is due to recurrent mutation or
      distribution of an ancient mutation, but many observations point to the latter.
      Although direct observations of an increased embryonic mortality are lacking,
      reduced fertility of males and females heterozygous for 1/29 is established. No
      correlations of the 1/29 translocation with other characteristics have been
      found, and variability in incidence between different populations is probably due
      to genetic drift. The importance in animal breeding of introducing eradication
      programs is emphasized, and it is stressed that cattle populations using
      artificial insemination should undergo routine cytogenetic investigations.

PMID- 379064
TI  - Cytogenetic research techniques in humans and laboratory animals that can be
      applied most profitably to livestock.
AB  - The usefulness of various chromosome banding techniques, i.e., Q, C, G, R, Ag
      NOR, and SCE, which are currently in use in many clinical cytogenetics
      labortories are discussed. Since C-banding revealed the location of constitutive
      heterochromatin, it must be applied in conjunction with Q, G, or R-banding
      techniques. For the longitudinal differentiation of mammalian chromosomes one can
      use either the G-banding or the Q-banding and, if possible, R-banding technique.
      The results of such studies should not only contribute to our understanding of
      cytogenetics of domestic animals but also assist breeding programs and
      improvement of livestock.

PMID- 379065
TI  - Cytogenetics in animal production.

PMID- 379066
TI  - The buccinator mechanism.

PMID- 379067
TI  - Population contrasts based upon teeth with varying degrees of attrition.

PMID- 379068
TI  - The adaptation of the tongue to denture wearing.

PMID- 379069
TI  - Variations in the initial formation of pellicle and plaque on enamel in vivo.

PMID- 379070
TI  - The use of crowns to modify abutment teeth of removable partial dentures. 2.
      Clinical and laboratory procedures.

PMID- 379071
TI  - [Oral biology in 1976--a selection from the literature].

PMID- 379072
TI  - Partial denture prosthodontics: a review of the 1976 literature.

PMID- 379073
TI  - Oral microbiology--a review of the 1976 literature.

PMID- 379075
TI  - The disposable hypodermic needle: further uses before disposal.

PMID- 379074
TI  - Stamps commemorating medicine. "Clara Barton".

PMID- 379076
TI  - Wound healing: a review. II. Environmental factors affecting wound healing.
AB  - A variety of factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic, may influence the healing of
      wounds. Some of these influences are environmental in nature and subject to
      advantageous manipulation by the practitioner. In this article, the role of
      humidity, temperature, infection and oxygen tension on the process of wound
      healing will be discussed.

PMID- 379077
TI  - Pyogenic granuloma recurrent with satellite lesions.
AB  - Pyogenic granuloma recurrent with satellite lesions is an uncommon clinical
      entity. The condition occurs most often on the back of young individuals and runs
      a benign course. A case is presented and the literature is reviewed.

PMID- 379079
TI  - Grafts to the nose from postauricular skin.

PMID- 379078
TI  - Treatment of keloids on earlobes.

PMID- 379080
TI  - Island subcutaneous dermal flap in huge incisional hernias.

PMID- 379081
TI  - Immunopathologic reactions in pemphigus and differential diagnosis of the entity.

PMID- 379082
TI  - New attendants at the out-patient clinic of the Department of Dermato
      Venereology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusmo Teaching and General Hospital, Jakarta, 1976.

PMID- 379083
TI  - A specific substance in psoriatic scale.

PMID- 379084
TI  - Experimental Behcet's disease and ultrastructural X-ray microanalysis of
      pathological tissues.

PMID- 379086
TI  - The incidence of skin diseases in Hong Kong. A comparison with the five-year
      survey from Sendai.

PMID- 379085
TI  - A light and electron microscopic study of a case of radiation induced malignant
      giant cell tumor of the soft tissue.

PMID- 379087
TI  - [Mutagenic effect of cyclophosphane on bacteria in experiments with mammalian
      intermediaries].

PMID- 379088
TI  - A selective ventilation distribution circuit (S.V.D.C).
AB  - A circuit for selective ventilation distribution (S.V.D.C.) is described. The use
      of the circuit is illustrated with five cases in which it was used. S.V.D.C.
      allowed: 1) Measurement of individual lung tidal volumes and pressures during the
      respiratory cycle. 2) Adjustment of the tidal volumes of both lungs in the most
      appropriate way for the patient. 3) Application of different degrees of PEEP to
      each lung. The circuit is easily built and managed, the patient is connected to
      it by a double lumen endotracheal tube (Carlens tube); the circuit requires only
      one respirator.

PMID- 379089
TI  - Physiological control of sibilant duration: insights afforded by speech
      compensation to dental prostheses.
AB  - Temporal relationships among tongue contact, phonation, and presence of frication
      were examined for /s/ and /z/. In cases where /s/ and /z/ were produced with a
      supraglottal articulation of the same duration, the duration of the resulting
      frication was 17 ms longer for /s/. The difference can be attributed to glottal
      activity. The presence of a unfamiliar dental prosthesis in the mouth caused the
      tongue to contact the alveolar ridge sooner and release later. This physiological
      effect was reflected in lengthening of frication for sibilants, but the
      acoustical consequences were greater and more reliable for /z/ than for /s/.
      Reasons for this difference were sought in adaptation of timing of tongue
      contact, and in aerodynamic conditions expected for voiced versus voiceless
      sibilants. A rapid adaptation of tongue contact timing was found, with the
      adaptation being greater for /s/. Timing of vocal fold adduction at the end of
      unvoiced sibilants, and its aerodynamic consequences, are suggested to
      consequences, are suggested to contribute to the relative stability of /s/
      acoustical durations.

PMID- 379090
TI  - Health science on stamps.

PMID- 379091
TI  - Emphysema and the rubber dam.

PMID- 379092
TI  - The presidents. Christopher Waterman Spalding. 1865-1866.

PMID- 379093
TI  - An evaluation of two methods for the quantitation of dentinal hypersensitivity.
AB  - In a well-controlled, double-blind, parallel study design using burnishing with
      33% sodium fluoride paste and "sham" burnishing with a placebo paste, both a cold
      air stimulus method and an electrical stimulus method can discriminate between
      levels of dentinal hypersensitivity. Correlation between the scores obtained by
      the methods was significant. The electrical stimulus method discriminated between
      the sodium fluoride and placebo effects to a greater degree than did the cold air
      method. Use of these methods should broaden the scientific foundation and
      rationale for evaluating the condition of dentinal hypersensitivity and the
      agents designed for treatment of persons with this condition.

PMID- 379094
TI  - Denture service use in a selected population in a prepaid dental program.
AB  - Rates of use of dental services for a large population of employees enrolled in a
      prepayment plan were examined. During a three-year period, the number of complete
      denture services that were provided declined steadily. Also, the number of simple
      and surgical extractions decreased, and there was an increase in the rate of use
      of periodontic and endodontic services.

PMID- 379095
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a glass ionomer cement for restoration of cervical
      erosion.
AB  - The following conclusions can be made: A glass ionomer cement mixed in preweighed
      capsules to restore anatomically deficient cervical contours demonstrated bonding
      of the total restoration to tooth tissue without undercutting or pinning the
      tooth or relying on geometric design of a cavity preparation in approximately 95%
      of 113 restorations observed postoperatively for six months. Seven restorations
      showed partial loss of material. Seven of the 113 restorations, showed some
      marginal discoloration although no stain penetrated the interface of the tooth
      and restoration. For most cervical restorations, the glass ionomer cement
      produced a mismatch in "color, shade, and/or translucency" in relationship to the
      tooth. The probable reason for this is the opacity of the cement. An acceptable
      surface of the glass ionomer cement restorations can be established at a later
      finishing appointment. There is little evidence that roughness increased slightly
      during the six months. Patients' sensitivity to temperature and direct tactile
      contact diminished or was eliminated after placement of the restoration.

PMID- 379096
TI  - Repair technique for fractured anterior facings.
AB  - A technique for repairing the anterior region with use of aluminous porcelain
      bonded-to-platinum-foil has been described. This technique produces a strong
      replacement and maintains the esthetic appearance of the original prosthesis.

PMID- 379097
TI  - The presidents. Chauncy P. Fitch 1866-1867.

PMID- 379098
TI  - A commitment to forensic dentistry.

PMID- 379099
TI  - Dimensional change of dental amalgam and a suggested correlation between marginal
      integrity and creep.
AB  - Discussion of a possible correlation of marginal integrity and degree of creep
      resulting from relative resistance of amalgams to deformation caused by expansion
      is included in this study of the effect of phase changes on the dimensional
      stability of amalgams.

PMID- 379100
TI  - The effect of the operator on the clinical performance of amalgam.
AB  - In this study, the effect of the operator on the clinical performance of amalgam
      was examined by evaluating the marginal fracture characteristics of four alloys
      placed by four operators. The results were as follows: --Marginal fracture was
      influenced by the operator. Therefore, careful attention should be given to the
      cavity design and the placement technique. --The interaction between operators
      and alloys was such that, for the worst alloy, there was no difference caused by
      the operators; for the intermediate alloys, there were large differences caused
      by the operators; and for the best alloy (a non-gamma 2 system), there was almost
      no difference caused by the operators. --The difference in marginal fracture
      characteristics among alloys was greater than the difference attributed to
      operators. --It appears that all practitioners should use non-gamma 2 amalgams
      because such amalgams perform better clinically and are less susceptible to
      variations in operators.

PMID- 379102
TI  - Denture marking for identification.
AB  - A method for including the patient's name in the denture base material for
      identification purposes has been described. This simple procedure takes little
      time, has almost no cost, and is effective.

PMID- 379101
TI  - A comparative study of two pit and fissure sealants: three-year results in
      Augusta, Ga.
AB  - A total of 254 children were examined 36 months after a single application of
      sealant. In 128 children, 201 permanent first molars were treated with Delton,
      and, in 126 children, 205 permanent first molars were treated with Nuva-Seal.
      Delton was completely retained on 80% of all paired permanent first molars,
      partially retained on 10%, and completely lost on 10% of the study teeth. Nuva
      Seal was completely retained on 60% of all paired permanent molars, partially
      retained on 21%, and completely lost on 19% of the study teeth. Delton was 69%
      effective in preventing occlusal caries on permanent first molars three years
      after a single application. Nuva-Seal was 39% effective in preventing occlusal
      caries on permanent first molars three years after a single application. Both
      sealants have been shown to prevent dental caries on permanent first molars of
      children three years after a single application.

PMID- 379103
TI  - Dentistry on stamps.

PMID- 379104
TI  - Accredited dental schools. Commission on Accreditation.

PMID- 379105
TI  - The presidents. Ambrose Lawrence, 1867-1868.

PMID- 379106
TI  - Effect of methods of tooth enamel preparation on the retentive strength of acid
      etch composite resins.
AB  - The effect of three procedures of preparing enamel surface on the retentive
      strengths of Concise Enamel Bond. Adaptic acid etch, Restodent and Nurva
      Seal/Nurva-Fil was investigated. Resins using an unfilled-filled resin
      combination(Concise Enamel Bond, Adaptic acid etch, and Nurva-Fil) had a
      significantly higher retentive strength when the enamel was prepared with a
      coarse diamond bur than when the surface was unprepared or prepared with a
      carbide bur. The different procedures of tooth preparation did not affect the
      retentive strength of the resin when only filled resin was used (Restodent).

PMID- 379107
TI  - Microleakage of amalgam restorations with high-copper content.
AB  - An in vitro study of microleakage of the margins of Class II restorations of
      several high-copper-content amalgams found that in general, leakage increased
      between 24 hours and a month, but decreased below the 24-hour values after six
      months; there were some differences in leakage among the products at 24 hours,
      but not aftersix months: the depth of leakage was not correlated with adaptation
      of the cavosurface margins; and the high-copper-content amalgams were similar to
      the conventional composition amalgam tested in regard to microleakage.

PMID- 379108
TI  - Study of a bland dentifrice for persons with radiation-induced mucositis and
      vesiculo-erosive disease.
AB  - Althought the patient group was limited to persons with radiation-induced
      mucositis, lichen planus, and erythema multiforme, the study indicates the
      potential usefulness of a bland dentifrice to other patients with sensitive
      mouths. Although it is presumed that regular brushing habits will aid in oral
      hygiene and health, the specific effect of a bland dentifrice on control of
      plaque, caries, and periodontal disease cannot be assessed in this preliminary
      study. Also, no comparison was made with cleaning techniques in which dentifrice
      is not used. Therefore, this study indicated only that dentifrice with reduced
      flavor, like the one used in this study, may encourage better oral hygiene
      through continued brushing when irritation from regular dentifrices discouages
      it.

PMID- 379109
TI  - Multidisciplinary management of Crouzon syndrome.
AB  - The comprehensive management of Crouzon syndrome in a 14-year-old girl has been
      presented. Because of the complexity of the facial and associated problems, a
      multidisciplinary approach is necessary to provide maximum functional and
      esthetic results; however, with such a cooperative interdisciplinary effort, the
      improvement and benefits derived for these patients are rewarding to all
      concerned.

PMID- 379110
TI  - Temple University dedicates clinic in memory of Dr. A. Borish.

PMID- 379111
TI  - Health research on stamps.

PMID- 379112
TI  - Clinical therapy for accommodative responses: transfer effects upon performance.
AB  - A clinical therapy program featuring accommodative training was administered to a
      group of children with diagnosed disorders of accommodative function. The
      children ranged in age from six to twelve years. A group of subjects representing
      the same clinical population, and not differing significantly in age or grade
      level, acted as a control group. The control subjects participated in a therapy
      program of a similar duration, wherein perceptual-motor training (unrelated to
      the training of accommodative skills) was administered. A nearpoint pencil-and
      paper task was administered to all subjects before and after the training
      programs, to assess changes in performance as a criterion of learning transfer
      and behavioral generalization. A significantly greater decrease in errors
      occurred in the group receiving the accommodative training as contrasted to the
      control group. No significant differences were found in the time scores. The
      results suggest that accommodative training, for children with diagnosed
      accommodative disorders, has transfer effects upon nearpoint performance relating
      to improved accuracy.

PMID- 379113
TI  - Reported ocular side effects of the ten most frequently prescribed drugs.
AB  - The ten drugs most frequently prescribed in 1977 are identified according to
      proprietary and non-proprietary names, pharmaceutical manufacturer, drug class,
      principal uses, and the ocular side effects which have been reported in the
      medical literature.

PMID- 379114
TI  - Individualized instruction and continuing education by computer.

PMID- 379115
TI  - The worshipful company of spectacle makers.

PMID- 379116
TI  - The United States Food and Drug Administration and the practice of optometry.
AB  - In the past decade the United States Food and Drug Administration has become
      increasingly involved with the regulation of materials used in the practice of
      optometry. It is the purpose of this paper to help the practitioner understand
      the FDA involvement, historically and legally, organization, how one can have
      input into the process, the procedures for testing and approving new drugs and
      devices, their regulation and the advantages and disadvantages of such control.

PMID- 379117
TI  - Southern California College of Optometry passes a milestone. Seventy-five years
      of educational progress.

PMID- 379118
TI  - A tribute to Duke-Elder.

PMID- 379205
TI  - Estrogen receptor immunocytochemistry.

PMID- 379206
TI  - Immunofluorescent study of the spore antigens of proteolytic strains of
      Clostridium botulinum.
AB  - By means of the spore fluorescent antibody technique 31 strains of Clostridium
      botulinum types A (18 strains), B (10 strains) and F (3 strains) were found to
      belong to the same homogeneous group irrespective of their toxigenic types. Some
      strains of this species also cross-reacted with certain strains of Clostridium
      sporogenes types I, II and III and Clostridium histolyticum type II. By spore
      antigenic analysis it was found that Clostridium parabotulinum contained two
      components designated L and M, the former describing species specificity; the
      latter was the cross-reacting component shared by some strains of Clostridium
      sporogenes and Clostridium histolyticum. Following this, a scheme showing the
      distribution of spore antigenic components among various species of Clostridium
      was given.

PMID- 379207
TI  - The effect of an intramammary infusion of endotoxin on the establishment of
      experimental mastitis by Streptococcus agalactiae in the cow.
AB  - An infusion of E. coli endotoxin (10 microgram) into the mammary gland of the cow
      16 h before experimental infection with St. agalactiae prevented the
      establishment of mastitis. A clinical examination of the affected gland did not
      reveal signs of inflammation, all organisms were eliminated from the milk by 36 h
      after infection. Mammary glands not pretreated with endotoxin, and injected with
      the same number of viable streptococci, showed signs of severe inflammation the
      milk yield was reduced and the injected pathogen could be isolated from the gland
      for up to 14 days when sampling was discontinued. The injection of endotoxin
      alone produced a rapid increase in the cell count of the milk, there were some
      signs of inflammation and 80% of the cells in the milk were neutrophils. The cell
      counts in the milk remained above normal for 7-10 days. Untreated control
      quarters appeared to be unaffected by the injection of E. coli endotoxin into an
      adjacent quarter, on the other hand the injection of St. agalactiae into the
      adjacent quarter on the same side of the udder produced a cell response which
      reached a peak after 2 days and returned to preinoculation levels by the fourth
      day. No inflammation was observed in these control quarters and no streptococci
      were isolated from the milk.

PMID- 379208
TI  - The relationship between rainfall and well water pollution in a West African
      (Gambian) village.
AB  - Water pollution was monitored in six Gambian village wells over a period of 8
      months spanning the 5-month monomodal rains and the pre- and post-rains dry
      periods. Faecal coliform (FC) and faecal streptococci (FS) counts were high
      throughout and there was a massive increase associated with the onset of the
      rains, maximum counts exceeding 5 x 10(5)/100 ml. This pattern was largely
      sustained throughout the rainy season. Some individual variations in patterns of
      pollution could be ascribed to well design, in particular lining of the shaft,
      but no well was protected from the seasonal increase in faecal pollution. The
      source of the increased pollution appeared to be a flushing in of faecal material
      of indeterminate or mixed human and animal origin, probably over considerable
      distances. Peaks of pollution not associated with rainfall episodes could have
      resulted from the practice of communal laundering in the near vicinity of the
      wells. Specific pathogens including Salmonella spp. were isolated only
      intermittently. Attention has been drawn to a problem complicating the standard
      method for assessing FC counts.

PMID- 379209
TI  - The Brown Animal Sanatory Institution.

PMID- 379210
TI  - Cross-contamination during the preparation of frozen chickens in the kitchen.
AB  - A study was made of the extent to which frozen broilers, contaminated with
      indicator organisms, can cause cross-contamination in the kitchen. In 60 kitchens
      a number of relevant objects were sampled during the preparation of contaminated
      frozen broilers. The results show that cross-contamination occurred in a high
      proportion of the kitchens examined. In many instances the indicator organism was
      still present on various objects even after rinsing, 'clearing' or washing up. In
      view of the possible risk of a cross-contamination with Salmonella spp. the
      importance of instructing food preparers is emphasized. No salmonellas could be
      found in the sinks of the 60 kitchens examined.

PMID- 379211
TI  - Enterotoxigenic enteric bacteria in foods and outbreaks of food-borne diseases in
      Sweden.
AB  - All of 86 food routinely examined for potentially pathogenic enteric bacteria
      were found to harbour one or more coliform species. None of the strains isolated
      produced heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) or showed invasive properties. The suckling
      mouse test indicated that one strain of Escherichia coli produced heat-stable
      enterotoxin (ST). Twelve incidents of suspected food poisoning were also
      investigated. In two of them the foods examined contained LT-producing strains of
      E. coli and in two there were LT-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The
      counts of viable enterotoxigenic micro-organisms in these foods were 3000-30,000
      E. coli/g and 50,000 to 1 million K. pneumoniae/g. The dominant symptom in all
      the incidents was watery diarrhoea. These seem to be the first reported cases of
      foodborne enterotoxigenic enteric bacteria in Europe. Though enterotoxigenic E.
      coli and related gram-negative enterotoxin-producing species are rare in
      correctly handled food in Sweden, these micro-organisms should be searched for
      when outbreaks of food poisoning are investigated.

PMID- 379212
TI  - Wound infections after surgery in a modern operating suite: clinical,
      bacteriological and epidemiological findings.
AB  - A prospective study of 2983 operations in general and orthopaedic surgery during
      3 years performed in four operating theatres in a modern operating suite was
      carried out in order to evaluate the importance of airborne infection. Weekly
      nose-and-throat samples were taken from the surgical staff and pre-operative
      samples were taken from the nose, throat, skin and perineum of the patients. The
      air contamination was followed by using settle plates, which showed low mean
      counts of total bacteria of between 9 and 15 c.f.u./m(2)/min, with mean counts of
      Staph. aureus of between 0.03 and 0.06 c.f.u./m(2)/min. No correlation was found
      between the total number of bacteria and the incidence of post-operative
      infections or between the amount of Staph. aureus in the air and post-operative
      Staph. aureus infections. It was concluded that further increases in ventilation
      could, at best, only marginally affect the incidence of post-operative
      infection.The post-operative wound-infection rate was 9.0%. In various types of
      surgery, the infection rates varied from 5.3% in clean operations to 47.6% in
      dirty surgery. About one third of the infections were classified as moderate or
      severe.Adverse patient factors, such as immunodeficiency, steroid treatment,
      intensive care, etc., increased the rate to 15.0%; in ;normal' patients it was
      3.8%.Among the bacteria isolated, gram-negative bacilli (31% of wounds), often
      together with other bacteria, and Staph. aureus (28%) predominated, but in 25% no
      specimens were taken.Of 76 post-operative Staph. aureus infections, 32 were
      caused by the patients' own strains, and of the remaining 44 infections, 22, or
      8% of all infections, could be traced to strains present in the air and/or the
      respiratory tracts of staff during the operation.The length of pre-operative
      hospital stay had no influence on the carrier rate of Staph. aureus in patients.
      The incidence of post-operative wound infection was significantly higher in
      patients carrying Staph. aureus and was even higher if these bacteria were found
      on the skin.Patients with wound infections stayed, on an average, 15 days longer
      than patients without infections. In serious infections the increase in duration
      of stay was > 20 days. Although infections were commoner in older patients, the
      average additional hospital stay of infected patients did not increase with age.
      If the post-operative infections studied in a concurrent retrospective study are
      taken into account more than 12 000 bed-days were due to post-surgical wound
      infections in the period studied or, in other words, some 12 beds (corresponding
      to 5.5% of the total) were always occupied by infected patients.

PMID- 379214
TI  - IgG recruiting component (GRC): B cell-derived signal for IgG antibody synthesis.
AB  - The B cell-derived soluble factor that has been described as an IgG-recruiting
      component (GRC) was investigated to: a) ascertain whether it is governed by
      genetic constraints, b) determine what triggers its synthesis, and c) identify
      its cellular target. GRC has been shown to be unrestricted by histocompatibility
      barriers since it enhanced IgG antibody production in mice of diverse genetic
      backgrounds. Further, we report that eliminating IgG-bearing cells from B cells
      to be immunized in vitro allows T cells-replacing factor (TRF) to increase the
      number of IgM but not IgG PFC. Thus, TRF appears to act on IgM-bearing cells by
      expanding the IgM PFC number. Adding GRC 48 hr after the addition of TRF to such
      IgG-depleted cells caused expression of IgG PFC. Hence, B cells lacking IgG but
      possessing IgM surface immunoglobulins appear to be those that are acted upon by
      GRC. These data indicate that in whole splenic cell populations, GRC is derived
      from IgG-bearing B cells that are stimulated by antigen and a component in TRF.

PMID- 379213
TI  - Carrier effect during the course of experimental schistosomiasis: suppression of
      the response to TNP-schistosomula in rats and inbred mice.

PMID- 379215
TI  - Cloning of B cells positive or negative for surface IgD. I. Triggering and
      tolerance in T-independent systems.

PMID- 379216
TI  - Cloning of B cells positive or negative for surface IgD. II. Triggering and
      tolerance in the T-dependent splenic focus assay.

PMID- 379217
TI  - Further evidence for the antibody nature of C3 nephritic factor (C3NeF).
AB  - C3 nephritic factor (C3NeF), found in the sera of some patients with
      membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, has been shown to be composed of two
      heavy and two light chains, like IgG; in addition it shares antigenic
      determinants with IgG. Purified C3NeF binds to the amplification convertase of
      complement, C3b,Bb, and thereby prevents decay of its C3-cleaving potential. The
      capability of C3NeF to bind to C3b,Bb was used as a means for purifying C3NeF to
      homogeneity. The investigation described in this report suggests that binding of
      C3NeF to C3b,Bb occurs via the Fab portion of the molecule. Pepsin treatment of
      eight C3NeF preparations resulted in an average loss of 76% of C3NeF functional
      activity. Papain treatment induced a loss of approximately 90%. The decrease in
      functional activity could be attributed to the accelerated rate of dissociation
      of 125I-F(ab')2 and 125I-Fab fragments from stabilized cell-bound C3b,Bb. The
      dissociation rate of 125I-F(ab')2 from C3b,Bb was comparable with the decay of
      the functional activity of C3b,Bb stabilized by F(ab')2 or Fab fragments of
      C3NeF. Although these results suggest that the stabilizing activity of C3NeF is
      mediated by the Fab portion of the molecule, it was found that the Fc portion
      also contributes to its functional activity.

PMID- 379218
TI  - Ia antigens in mouse skin are predominantly expressed on Langerhans cells.
AB  - We have investigated the expression of products of the mouse major
      histocompatibility complex (MHC) on BALB/c and A/J epidermal cells. By using
      reagents with specificity for various products of the MHC in an indirect
      immunofluorescence procedure, we found that H-2 antigens are expressed on the
      vast majority of epidermal cells. Ia antigens, by contrast, are present on only
      2.4 to 6.9% of all epidermal cells. These Ia-bearing cells bear a receptor for
      the Fc portion of IgG and ultrastructurally exhibit the characteristics of
      Langerhans cells. Ia antigens on Langerhans cells are encoded for by at least the
      I-A and I-E/C subregions of the MHC.

PMID- 379219
TI  - Fractionation of human lymphocytes with plant lectins. II. Lens culinaris lectin
      and wheat germ agglutinin identify distinct lymphocyte subclasses.

PMID- 379220
TI  - Activation of human B lymphocytes. XIV. Characterization of the precursor of the
      pokeweed mitogen-induced anti-sheep red blood cell plaque-forming cell.
AB  - The precursor of the pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-induced anti-sheep red blood cell
      (SRBC) plaque-forming cell (PFC) in human peripheral blood was characterized. By
      a variety of purification procedures, it was demonstrated to be a lymphocyte with
      surface characteristics of a B cell. Furthermore, it was demonstrated to bind to
      sheep erythrocytes (E) and thus segregated with the E-rosetting T cells when T
      cell enrichment was performed by differential fractionation of E-rosetting cells.
      This binding of the PFC precursor to E was blocked by pretreating the lymphocyte
      with anti-human Ig before E rosetting, indicating that the PFC precursor
      specifically bound to SRBC by a surface Ig molecule with binding specificity for
      sheep red blood cell determinants. Hence, the precursor of the PWM-triggered anti
      SRBC PFC is a B lymphocyte with surface Ig expressing specificity for SRBC.

PMID- 379221
TI  - Membrane immunoglobulin is present on thymic and splenic lymphocytes of the trout
      Salmo gairdneri.
AB  - Three rabbit antisera raised to trout IgM showed positive immunofluorescent
      reactions with lymphocytes of trout spleen and thymus. These antisera showed no
      detectable cross-reactivity with keyhole limpet hemocyanin, as determined by
      direct radioimmune precipitation and adsorption, and did not appear to react
      significantly with carbohydrate moieties on trout IgM, as determined by the
      failure of proteolytic digests of trout IgM to inhibit in radioimmunoassay
      against intact trout IgM. Membrane immunoglobulin determinants were detectable on
      the membrane of both thymocytes and splenocytes with the lactoperoxidase
      catalyzed iodination reaction. Radioimmunoassay of lysates of lymphocytes
      confirmed the association of immunoglobulin with trout thymocytes. By
      radioimmunoassay, lysates of thymic and splenic lymphocytes contained similar
      amounts of immunoglobulin, equivalent to approximately 8 X 10(4) molecules of IgM
      per cell (calculated as the monomer micro 2L2).

PMID- 379222
TI  - B lymphocyte activation by insoluble anti-immunoglobulin: induction of
      immunoglobulin secretion by a T cell-dependent soluble factor.

PMID- 379223
TI  - Variations in the responses of mouse strains to rat xenografts.

PMID- 379224
TI  - Use of antibodies against the label in non-separation non-isotopic immunoassay:
      'indirect quenching' fluoroimmunoassay of proteins.
AB  - Antibodies against the label are introduced as a potentially useful reagent in
      nonisotopic immunoassay. They may permit end point determination without the need
      for a separation step, provided (i) that steric hindrance selectively prevents
      their binding to the antibody-bound fraction of the labelled antigen in an
      immunoassay mixture, and (ii) that their binding to the label in the free
      fraction results in a change in its signal. This 'indirect' approach was
      investigated in systems employing the fluorescein label and antibodies to
      fluorescein which quenched the fluorescence of free labelled antigen. 'Indirect
      quenching' fluoroimmunoassays for human serum albumin, human immunoglobulin G and
      human placental lactogen were demonstrated. These assays for proteins may be
      contrasted with conventional non-separation techniques, which are usually best
      suited to the determination of haptens.

PMID- 379225
TI  - Attachment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to glomeruli with immune deposits.
AB  - A method for quantitative evaluation of a biological activity of immune complexes
      deposited in glomeruli is described. The activity reflects the activation of
      complement and is represented by the number of PMN attached to a glomerulus. It
      is possible to compare data from different individuals or different phases of
      glomerulonephritis. The complement component concerned is considered to be C3,
      activated through the classical or alternate pathway.

PMID- 379226
TI  - A pen smear technique for assays of rosette-forming lymphocytes.
AB  - A simple technique is described for the preparation of permanent stained smears
      of human E-rosette lymphocytes. Smears of the cells suspended in foetal calf
      serum were drawn as thin strips on slides with a pen nib. Such smears, after
      Romanowsky staining, and incorporating latex-particles phagocytosis as a marker
      for non-lymphoid cells, show excellent rosette preservation and permit easy
      distinction and counting of rosetting lymphocytes, non-rosetting lymphocytes,
      monocytes and granulocytes. The percentages of rosette-forming lymphocytes
      estimated on such smears correspond closely to those obtained from counts made on
      viable cell suspensions.

PMID- 379227
TI  - Evaluation of group B streptococcal opsonins by radiolabeled bacterial uptake.

PMID- 379228
TI  - Anti-DNA antibodies: perspectives and perplexities.

PMID- 379229
TI  - A method to evaluate the capacity of monocytes and macrophages to inhibit
      multiplication of an intracellular pathogen.
AB  - A new method to assess intracellular inhibition of multiplication or killing by
      normal and activated mouse peritoneal macrophages, human peripheral blood
      monocytes, and human monocyte-derived macrophages is described. This method
      involves measurement of incorporation of [3H]uracil into nucleic acids of the
      obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The method utilizes the
      observation by Pfefferkorn and Pfefferkorn (1977) that [3H]uracil is incorporated
      in substantially greater amounts by T. gondii than by certain mammalian cell
      types. Differential uptake of [3H]uracil by Toxoplasma-infected and uninfected
      cultures allows for evaluation of the ability of macrophages or monocytes to
      inhibit or kill this organism. This method has been adapted to microsystem.

PMID- 379230
TI  - A modified mixed haemadsorption procedure for the detection and localisation of
      sperm antigens.
AB  - A mixed haemadsorption procedure for the detection and localisation of
      spermatozoal antigens is described. Sperm are immobilised by attaching them to
      the bases of wells on plastic plates using poly-L-lysine and antisera and
      sensitised red cells are then added to these wells. The technique uses simple
      reagents and allows sperm/red cell rosettes to be kept as permanent records.

PMID- 379231
TI  - The use of fluorescent labeled antigen to follow the fate of instilled immune
      complexes in the rabbit lung.
AB  - To follow the fate of exogenously introduced immune complexes in the rabbit lung,
      a direct labeling method was devised. Bovine serum albumin was incubated with
      fluorescein isothiocyanate, washed and then bound at equivalence with antibovine
      serum albumin. Immune complexes thus prepared are injected into a rabbit airway
      and the animal was sacrificed. Using chilled alcohol fixative and paraffin
      embedding 4 micrometer sections were prepared for light and fluorescent
      microscopy. This technique readily verifies that labeled antigen is taken up by
      alveolar macrophages. Electron microscopy using ferritin-antiferritin complexes
      corroborate these light findings.

PMID- 379232
TI  - Preparation of antigenically active membranes from solid murine lymphomas and
      fibrosarcomas.
AB  - Plasma membrane preparations were obtained from solid lymphosarcomas and
      fibrosarcomas by disrupting the tissues with a mechanical press. The subcellular
      fractions were isolated by differential centrifugations and examined by electron
      microscopy. The membrane-enriched fractions were also assayed for protein content
      and analyzed in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; a fairly good
      reproducibiltiy was found comparing different membrane preparations derived from
      the same tumor. The H-2 antigenic activity of the different membrane preparations
      was demonstrated in vitro by the inhibition of the C'-dependent 51Cr-release
      assay using monospecific H-2 alloantisera. The specificity of the assay was
      ascertained by the lack of inhibition of unrelated monospecific H-2 alloantisera
      and by a dose-response relationship between the amount of added membranes and the
      observed inhibition. The immunogenicity of the membranes was assessed in vivo by
      immunizing allogeneic mice that developed anti-H-2 alloantibodies. The possible
      mechanisms of the tissue disruption by the press are also discussed.

PMID- 379233
TI  - Ingestion of dyed-opsonised yeasts as a simple way of detecting phagocytes in
      lymphocyte preparations. Cytophilic binding of immunoglobulins by ingesting
      cells.
AB  - Procion-dyed yeasts which have been incubated in fresh serum and washed are
      readily ingested by human blood monocytes and tumour macrophages during a 30 min
      incubation period. Uptake is enhanced by centrifugation. Intracellular yeasts can
      be readily distinquished from extracellular by their much slower uptake of
      toluidine blue. Yeast ingestion is a much more reliable test for blood monocytes
      than the latex bead test and it is easier to read. The ingestion test may be
      combined with a rosette test for surface immunoglobulins (SmIg). Since the yeasts
      take up immunoglobulins from human serum during the complement-coating stage it
      is necessary, in a combined ingestion-SmIg test, to use fresh serum from another
      species (sheep) for opsonisation of the yeasts. A technique is described for
      reducing the number of immunoglobulin-bearing monocytes to a low level with a
      combined ingestion-SmIg rosette technique to detect residual immunoglobulin
      bearing phagocytes.

PMID- 379234
TI  - A method for obtaining swine alveolar macrophages by segmental pulmonary lavage.
AB  - A technique for obtaining alveolar macrophages (AM) from anesthetized swine is
      described. Animals were intubated and segmental pulmonary lavage was performed
      utilizing a double lumen catheter (DLC). An average of 98% of the initial 100 ml
      lavage fluid was recovered with a typical yield of 1 x 10(8) free alveolar cells
      (FAC). AM were then separated from other FAC by their adherence to plastic. The
      final adherent cell population consisted of greater than 95% macrophage as
      determined by morphology and non-specific esterase activity. The technique
      described had no adverse effects on the animals even when repeated on the same
      animal several days later.

PMID- 379235
TI  - John Newell Hurty: the M.D. who never practiced medicine.

PMID- 379236
TI  - Tea: symbol of our country?

PMID- 379237
TI  - Happy birthday, Dr. Goethe Link.

PMID- 379238
TI  - Transcutaneous leukocyte migration in vivo: cellular kinetics, platelet and C5a
      dependent activity.
AB  - A simple quantitative method for the measurement of leukotaxis in vivo is
      described. Duplicate skin chambers are placed over tape-stripped skin with 50%
      autologous serum--50% Hank's balanced salt solution as the attractant.
      Neutrophils predominate throughout 24 hr in this method with no change to
      mononuclear cells. A recommended modification of our original method is that
      chambers are sampled and removed after 8 hr rather than 24 hr since the majority
      of leukocyte migration occurs within the first 8 hr. Analysis of serum factors
      showed that heat-inactivation of the serum (56degreesC for 30 min) had no effect.
      However, depleting platelets or C5 from the serum removed approximately 90% of
      chemotactic activity for human neutrophils in vivo. Platelets, presumably through
      activity of their granules, enzymatically cleaves C5a from C5 in plasma. We
      conclude that C5a, after cleavage from C5, accounts for the majority of
      chemattractant activity in vivo.

PMID- 379240
TI  - Monocyte function in psoriasis.
AB  - Monocytes derived from the peripheral blood of psoriatic patients demonstrated a
      significantly higher phagocytic capacity (36 to 40%) for both 125I-labeled
      Shigella flexneri and 125I-labeled Staphylococcus albus compared with monocytes
      from healthy subjects. Monocytes from psoriatic patients showed a 2-to-4fold
      increase in bactericidal capacity against S. albus when compared with normal
      monocytes. However, the bactericidal capacity of monocytes from diphylline
      treated patients did not differ from that of the control subjects. The antibody
      dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity against EL4 tumor cells was found
      to be similar in both psoriatic patients and control subjects. It is postulated
      that these abnormalities of monocyte function in psoriasis are caused by a
      decreased cAMP/cGMP ratio similar to the decreased cAMP/cGMP ratio found in the
      lesional epidermis of this disease. It seems therefore, that the psoriatic
      abnormality is not confined to only one type of cell, the epidermal cell.

PMID- 379239
TI  - Epidermal cell cultures as models for living epidermis.

PMID- 379241
TI  - Detection of hapten erythrocyte conjugates in vitro and in vivo.
AB  - The studies presented demonstrate that immunofluorescent techniques are capable
      of detecting picryl chloride erythrocyte protein conjugates formed in vitro and
      in vivo, following infusion of picryl chloride into normal, sensitized and
      tolerant guinea pigs. These experiments and the finding that picryl erythrocyte
      stromata prepared in vitro, and in vivo from infused recipients, have the
      capacity fo sensitize fresh animals, support the view that infused picryl
      chloride conjugates with the red cell membrane in vivo.

PMID- 379242
TI  - Components of the Goeckerman regimen.
AB  - Although application of tar products and subsequent exposure to ultraviolet
      radiation (the Goeckerman regimen) has repeatedly been demonstrated to be
      effective therapy for psoriasis, the therapeutic role of each component has
      remained uncertain. Utilizing the bilateral comparison technique in 30
      hospitalized patients with chronic stable plaque-type psoriasis vulgaris, we
      closely monitored the clinical responses to ultraviolet radiation (Westinghouse
      fluorescent FS40 bulbs, 290--400 nm) and a variety of tar preparations and
      lubricant vehicles in combination and separately. We found that: 1) 4 weeks of
      maximally-aggressive exposure to ultraviolet radiation alone will markedly
      improve, but not completely clear, psoriasis unless combined with a tar
      preparation or lubricating base; 2) 5% crude coal tar plus ultraviolet radiation
      offers no clear advantage or benefit over lubricating base plus ultraviolet
      radiation; and 3) none of the tar preparations tested offered any consistent
      advantage over any other preparation.

PMID- 379243
TI  - Failure to detect gliadin or gliadin binding sites in the skin of patients with
      dermatitis herpetiformis: immunofluorescence, organ culture and autoradiographic
      studies.
AB  - Recent investigations indicate an abnormal binding of gluten or gliadin to
      lymphocytes or intestinal mucosa cells in gluten sensitive enteropathy. Since
      dermatitis herpetiformis is closely associated to gluten sensitive enteropathy,
      similar receptors could also exist in the skin of patients with dermatitis
      herpetiformis. To prove this hypothesis, skin of normal volunteers and uninvolved
      skin of 3 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis was investigated for the
      presence of gliadin and gliadin binding sites. In vivo bound gliadin was not
      found by direct immunofluorescence using 3 different rabbit antigliadin antisera.
      In order to test skin for gliadin binding sites, normal sera and autologous
      dermatitis herpetiformis sera containing 25 mg% gliadin and tritium labeled
      gliadin, respectively, were used for incubation of normal and dermatitis
      herpetiformis skin cryocut sections and of normal and dermatitis herpetiformis
      skin specimens, grown under organ culture conditions. As checked by direct
      immunofluorescence and autoradiography, there was no specific in vitro binding of
      gliadin, indicating that gliadin does not fix to normal human or dermatitis
      herpetiformis skin. Thus, the role of gliadin in the fixation in vivo, of
      antibodies or immune complexes to skin in dermatitis herpetiformis, remains
      obscure.

PMID- 379244
TI  - Assessment of serum factor B, serum opsonins, granulocyte chemotaxis, and
      infection in nephrotic syndrome of children.

PMID- 379245
TI  - Serologic responses to somatic O and colonization-factor antigens of
      enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in travelers.
AB  - To improve the retrospective diagnoses of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)
      as a cause of travelers' diarrhea, as well as to determine the presence of
      colonization-factor antigens in these infections, a study of serologic responses
      to antigens of ETEC was done. Paired sera from 60 United States students in
      Cholula, Puebla, Mexico, were analyzed for rises in titer of antibody to heat
      labile toxin, eight somatic antigen O serogroups associated with ETEC, and two
      colonization-factor antigens, CFA/I and CFA/II. Only 9% had a response to O
      antigens, while 20% had responses to the colonization-factor antigens. Response
      to the colonization-factor antigens correlated significantly with response to the
      heat-labile toxin and with culture evidence of ETEC infection. Serologic studies
      confirmed that colonization-factor antigen has a role in naturally acquired cases
      of travelers' diarrhea and that it can be used as an additional determinant of
      infection with ETEC.

PMID- 379246
TI  - Infectious diseases 1979--an editorial perspective.

PMID- 379247
TI  - Infectious diseases--into the 1980's and beyond.

PMID- 379248
TI  - Characterization of yeast agglutinins in lavage fluid from lungs of rabbits.
AB  - Rabbits were challenged intratracheally with 10(8) Candida albicans or Torulopsis
      glabrata, and their lungs were lavaged 5, 60, and 120 min later. Initial lavage
      samples showed significant agglutination of yeasts, followed by the development
      of larger aggregates in association with alveolar macrophages. To investigate
      this early agglutination reaction, lungs of normal rabbits were lavaged with
      heparinized saline, and after alveolar macrophages were discarded, the cell-free
      lavage fluid was centrifuged at 25,000 g to recover a small, whitish, surface
      active pellet (F fraction). The supernatant was concentrated 15-fold by vacuum
      dialysis (P fraction). When Candida species, T. glabrata, and Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae were incubated with the F fraction, serial colony counts decreased
      eight- to 20-fold with every yeast species tested except S. cerevisiae and
      Candida krusei. Decrease in colony counts was associated with yeast
      agglutination. The F fraction was further separated by ethanol-ether extraction,
      and yeast agglutination was seen only in the protein-rich fraction. Further
      separation of this protein-rich fraction by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
      yielded three bands, one of which, with a molecular size of about 10(4) daltons,
      agglutinated C. albicans. IgA in the P fraction also agglutinated C. albicans,
      although not as dramatically as the F fraction.

PMID- 379249
TI  - [Clearfil, a new filling material].

PMID- 379250
TI  - The myelomeningocele patient. A multidisciplinary approach to care.

PMID- 379252
TI  - EDS Federal. The Kansas Medicaid fiscal agent.

PMID- 379251
TI  - Professional medical advertising. An overview.

PMID- 379253
TI  - Newer antiarrhythmic drugs.

PMID- 379254
TI  - Interposed bone-graft augmentation of the atrophic mandible (a progress report).
AB  - A follow-up study on 41 patients who had augmentation of the atrophic mandible by
      interposed bone graft is presented. Special emphasis has been put on the
      prosthetic implications. The rapid reduction in height measured postoperatively
      appeared almost to cease after 6 months. Some of the possible causes of this
      phenomenon are discussed.

PMID- 379255
TI  - The Kaleff-Hollwich technique and results of external dacryocysto-rhinostomy
      operation.
AB  - After a review of the history of lacrimal surgery the author describes the
      techniques of dacryocystorhinostomy which are currently performed. The ideal
      method is that of Ohm (1921) and Dupuy-Dutemps (1921) with its totally closed
      mucosal anastomosis. Because of the technical problems demonstrated with this
      technique the author recommends that of Kaleff (1937), modified by Hollwich
      (1977). The advantages of this method are: 1. The almost closed mucosal cavity
      which permits primary would healing. 2. The easy strain-free practicability
      particularly in cases of small scarred sac and pre-positioned ethmoid cells. 3.
      The sure fixation of the mucosal roof at the subcutis particularly in cases of
      marked swelling. Finally a survey of long-term and short term observations on all
      324 cases from 1964 to 1977 is given.

PMID- 379257
TI  - The role of some viruses in acute respiratory affections in adults and children
      (an immunofluorescent study).

PMID- 379258
TI  - Studies on enzyme stability of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogues
      [proceedings].

PMID- 379260
TI  - A sensitive solid phase enzyme immunoassay for testosterone in human plasma and
      saliva [proceedings].

PMID- 379259
TI  - Inhibition of maturational changes in Leydig cell function after treatment of
      rats with an agonist of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone [proceedings].

PMID- 379256
TI  - Electrophysiologic testing for patients with sinus node dysfunction.

PMID- 379261
TI  - Studies with fragments of a highly active analogue of luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone.
AB  - The minimal structural requirements for gonadotrophin releasing activity were
      studied with fragments of a highly active analogue of luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LH-RH), [D-Ser(But)6]LH-RH(1-9)nonapeptide-ethylamide (Hoe
      766). All fragments are related to the C-terminal structure of LH-RH and have
      increased enzyme stability. Ovulation in phenobarbitone-blocked rats was induced
      with a median effective dose/rat, of 1.9 microgram of the (3-9)-heptapeptide, Trp
      Ser-Tyr-D-Ser(But)-Leu-Arg-Pro-ethylamide and 6.8, 18.0 and 38.3 microgram for
      the (4-9), (5-9) and (6-9) fragments respectively. The (3-9)- heptapeptide and (4
      9)-hexapeptide induced release of LH and FSH in phenobarbitone-blocked rats with
      a ratio similar to that of LH-RH. Degradation of LH-RH by enzyme preparations of
      liver, kidney and hypothalamic or anterior pituitary tissue was not modified by
      addition of the (3-9)-heptapeptide fragment. The organ distribution of the 125I
      labelled (3-9)-heptapeptide fragments was similar to LH-RH, but not to Hoe 766.
      The peptide accumulated in liver and kidney, but was eliminated from the anterior
      pituitary gland 15 min after i.v. injection, whereas Hoe 766 showed progressive
      accumulation in the pituitary gland (tissue:plasma ratio = 6.6 after 60 min). In
      contrast to C-terminal fragments of LH-RH, the corresponding fragments of
      nonapeptide analogues retained significant biological activity, and the minimal
      structural requirements for LH release may be related to the C-terminal sequence
      of LH-RH.

PMID- 379263
TI  - Mechanism of action of aldosterone: energetic and permeability factors.

PMID- 379264
TI  - Ontogeny and localization of the crystallins during lens development in normal
      and Hy-1 (hyperplastic lens epithelium) chick embryos.
AB  - A strain of chickens selected for high growth rate has been found to exhibit an
      anomalous eye lens morphology indicating a failure of the normal process of
      growth regulation. Hyperplasia of the lens epithelium and annular pad, often with
      fiber formation, has recently been described in day-old chicks of this strain,
      termed Hy-1 (Clayton, 1975). The earliest evidence of this condition in this
      study has been found in the 11-day embryonic Hy-1 lens. Before this time, no
      definitive lens abnormality could be detected histologically in the Hy-1 embryos.
      However, the indirect immunofluorescence technique had revealed early temporal
      and spatial differences with regard to the lens crystallins. Antibodies, specific
      for delta, cathodal beta, anodal beta and alpha crystallins, were applied to
      sections through the lens of 2 1/2-, 3-, 3 1/2, 4-, 5-, 8- and 16-day embryonic
      and 1-day post-hatch normal and Hy-1 chicks. delta crystallin appears
      precociously in the external layer, and alpha crystallin in the prospective fiber
      region, of the lens rudiment of Hy-1 embryos. Both anodal and cathodal beta
      crystallins are retarded, however, in their appearance in the external
      layer/epithelium of Hy-1 lenses. Localization of the crystallin classes within
      the lenses of the two strains continues to vary during lens differentiation until
      1 day post-hatch, at which time and during late embryogenesis annular pad and
      epithelium abnormalities can be frequently be seen in the Hy-1 lens. This
      inability to control normal lens histogenesis thus manifests itself early as
      alterations in the appearance of an organ-specific gene product, the crystallins.

PMID- 379262
TI  - Aldosterone: chemical aspects and related enzymology.

PMID- 379266
TI  - [Determination of alpha-amylase by an enzymatic kinetic method on the ABA-100
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The enzymatic method of H. W. Schiwara (1972) Z. Klim. Chem. Klin. Biochem. 10,12
      -16 (reagents by Smith Kline Instruments), using the enzymatic reaction sequence
      alpha-amylase -- alpha-glucosidase -- hexokinase/glucose 6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase for the determination of alpha-amylase was evaluated on the ABA
      100. The coefficient of variation for control sera and human pooled serum was 0.9
      -4.2% within series, and 1.4--6.6% day to day. Reference values for a healthy
      population (212 blood donors) in sera were 13--79 U/1 (+/- 2 SD), mean 46 U/1. In
      catch urines the values did not show a normal distribution; the minimal and
      maximal range for men was 58--385 U/1, for women 7--318 U/1. The kinetic curve of
      the enzymatic test was measured and the influence of glucose and linearity
      studied. In comparison with the enzymatic test, the chromogenic method Amlyochrom
      Roche was tested on the sera and urine of patients. The coefficient of
      correlation in sera was r = 0.975, in urine r = 0.965.

PMID- 379267
TI  - Ward Darley, MD. Catalyst for family practice.

PMID- 379265
TI  - Rejection of first-set skin allografts in man. the microvasculature is the
      critical target of the immune response.
AB  - Recent reports of microvascular injury in delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions
      prompted us to reexamine the pathogenesis of first-set skin allograft rejection
      in man using morphologic techniques that allowed both extensive vessel sampling
      and unequivocal evaluation of microvascular endothelium. We here report that
      widespread microvascular damage is a characteristic, early consequence of the
      cellular immune response to first-set human skin allografts and is qualitatively
      similar to, but substantially more extensive than, that occurring in delayed
      hypersensitivity reactions. Microvascular damage in invariably preceded
      significant epithelial necrosis and affected initially and primarily those
      venules, arterioles, and small veins enveloped by lymphocytes. Vessels of both
      the allograft itself and the underlying graft bed (recipient tissue) were equally
      affected. These data suggest that endothelial cells of the microvasculature are
      the critical target of the immune response in first-set vascularized skin
      allograft rejection in man and that rejection can be attributed largely to
      ischemic infarction resulting from extensive microvascular damage. Other
      mechanisms, such as direct cellular contacts between infiltrating lymphocytes and
      epithelium, apparently played only a minor role. The findings presented here
      indicate that the rejection of first-set vascularized skin allografts, though
      induced by immunologically specific mechanisms, is primarily effected by final
      pathways that are relatively nonspecific and that may cause damage to both
      foreign and host vessels and cells. Rather than contradicting studies
      demonstrating the exquisite specificity of allograft rejection in other systems,
      these findings provide a further example of the heterogeneity of the cellular
      immune response. Recognition of the critical role of immunologically mediated
      microvascular injury may prove important both for an understanding of the biology
      of allograft rejection and for strategies aimed at prolonging allograft survival.

PMID- 379268
TI  - A diagnostic strategy for myocardial infarction.
AB  - In attempting to make the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, the family
      physician has available an increasing array of enzyme and nuclear imaging
      techniques to add to the clinical and electrocardiographic findings. In this
      review several of the new diagnostic tests are described, and their role is
      discussed both in supplementing and replacing older diagnostic tests. A general
      strategy for employing both old and new tests is proposed, with a goal of
      achieving both increased diagnostic accuracy and reduced charges for laboratory
      tests.

PMID- 379270
TI  - Medicaid: is there a message here?

PMID- 379269
TI  - Psychiatric complications of medical drugs.
AB  - General drug toxicity has long been a concern of physicians. Recently, there has
      been increasing concern about the psychological side effects of drugs. This paper
      reviews the literature on psychological side effects of those drugs which have
      been most studied in recent years. It also includes a section reviewing the
      literature on miscellaneous drugs associated with psychological symptoms. This
      review, although not exhaustive, is intended to alert the physician to drug
      related causes for psychological symptoms which patients may experience while
      taking drugs.

PMID- 379271
TI  - Laetrile: what we know and what we do about it.

PMID- 379273
TI  - In retrospect. President Bill Davenport 1978-79.

PMID- 379272
TI  - Florida Medical Association, Inc. Position paper on cost of medical care.

PMID- 379274
TI  - William R. Stinger, M.D. 1924-1978.

PMID- 379276
TI  - A model for hyphal growth and branching.
AB  - A mathematical model for hyphal growth and branching is described which relates
      cytological events within hyphae to mycelial growth kinetics. Essentially the
      model quantifies qualitative theories of hyphal growth in which it is proposed
      that vesicles containing wall precursors and/or enzymes required for wall
      synthesis are generated at a constant rate throughout a mycelium and travel to
      the tips of hyphae where they fuse with the plasma membrane, liberating their
      contents into the wall and increasing the surface area of the hypha to give
      elongation. The hypothesis that there is a duplication cycle in hyphae which is
      equivalent to the cell cycle observed in unicellular micro-organisms is also
      included in the model. Predictions from the model are compared with
      experimentally observed growth kinetics of mycelia of Geotrichum candidum and
      Aspergillus nidulans. The finite difference model which was constructed is
      capable of predicting changes in hyphal length and in the number and positions of
      branches and septa on the basis of changes in vesicle and nuclear concentration.
      Predictions were obtained using the model which were in good agreement with
      experimentally observed data.

PMID- 379275
TI  - Evidence for an intracellular calcium store releasable by surface stimuli
      ifibroblasts (L cells).
AB  - A spontaneously occurring or electrically elicited hyperpolarizing activation
      (HA) in L cells was previously shown to be due to a specific increase in the
      membrane K+ permeability (Nelson et at. 1972. J. Gen. Physiol. 60:58--71).
      Intracellular injection of Ca++ elicits an identical hyperpolarizing response
      which suggests that the increased K+ permeability associated with the HA is
      mediated by an increase in cytoplasmic Ca++. In zero-Ca, EGTA-containing saline
      the proportion of cells in which HA's can be evoked decreases, but the amplitude
      of those HA's that are produced is comparable to that of HA's in normal Ca
      saline. Co++ does block the HA but only after a period of 2 h or longer; D-600
      does not affect the HA. The observations, with others, suggest that the primary
      source of the Ca mediating the HA response is intracellular. In L cells the
      endoplasmic reticulum forms morphologically specialized appositions with the
      surface membrane which resemble structures at the triads of muscle that are
      thought to mediate coupling between surface membrane electrical activity and
      contraction via Ca release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The similar
      structures in L cells may mediate coupling between surface membrane electrical,
      mechanical, or chemical stimuli and the HA response via release of Ca from the
      endoplasmic reticulum. Surface-coupled release of Ca from intracellular stores
      might also regulate a number of other intracellular functions in nonmuscle cells.

PMID- 379278
TI  - The influence of the growth environment on the stability of a drug resistance
      plasmid in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - Populations of Escherichi coli K12 containing the plasmid TP120 which coded for
      resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, sulphonamide and tetracycline were grown
      in a chemostat under carbon-limited and phosphorus-limited conditions. With time
      resistance to one or more of the drugs was lost, resulting in the production of
      mutant populations which were more competitive than the parent population. The
      resistance to tetracycline was always lost under both carbon and phosphorus
      limitations, but resistance to the other three drugs was lost only during
      phosphate-limited growth. Strains of E. coli which had lost resistance to one or
      more of the drugs were capable of higher maximum specific growth rates than the
      parent strain.

PMID- 379279
TI  - Basal, dopamine- and octopamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in the
      brain of the moth, M amestra configurat A, during its metamorphosis.

PMID- 379277
TI  - Mutants of Escherichia coli K12 accumulating porphobilinogen: a new locus, hemC.
AB  - Mutants of Escherichia coli K12 which accumulated the haem precursor
      porphobilinogen are described. The mutants grew very slowly on carbon and energy
      sources which K12 uses only oxidatively, and they had low catalase activities,
      suggesting that they were deficient in haem. Extracts had one-tenth of the
      parental activity of the enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase. In transduction, the
      mutation mapped close to genes ilvD and metE at minute 84. The gene was
      tentatively identified as hemC, coding for porphobilinogen deaminase. The gene
      symbol hemC replaces the earlier and temporary symbol popE.

PMID- 379280
TI  - Effect of drugs on rat brain, cerebrospinal fluid and blood GABA content.

PMID- 379281
TI  - Neurofilaments.

PMID- 379283
TI  - Accidental perforation of the roots of teeth.

PMID- 379284
TI  - Distribution and evaluation of complete dentures in a population in northern
      Norway.
AB  - The frequency and distribution of complete dentures were studied in a population
      of 358 persons aged 20--69 living in a community in Northern Norway. Among the
      83% who attended the investigation, 49% had a maxillary and 26% a mandibular
      denture. The occurrence of dentures increased with increasing age and with
      decreasing income and/or social class, while dentures were almost equally common
      in both sexes, when differences of age and income were taken into account. Of the
      participants between 50--69 years 39% had received their first maxillary denture
      at the age 17--24 years. In the age group 30--49 years the corresponding
      percentage was 20. Forty-four percent of the participants had maxillary dentures
      and 33% mandibular dentures which were older than 10 years. According to an index
      on the clinical evaluation of complete dentures as well as to the denture
      wearers' own opinion, the insufficiency of the dentures tended to increase with
      increasing age of the dentures. Sex, age, income and social class, however, were
      found to have only a minor effect on the age and the condition of the dentures as
      well as on the denture wearers' degree of satisfaction with their dentures.
      Persons who had natural mandibular teeth, tended to be less satisfied with their
      maxillary dentures than persons with complete dentures in both jaws.

PMID- 379285
TI  - Tensile strength of the bond between resin to enamel etched with phosphoric acid
      containing fluoride.
AB  - The tensile bond strength of Epoxylite 9075 and Enamelite to enamel treated with
      NaF and SnF2, at two concentrations, in the etching acid (H3PO4) was determined.
      The average fracture stress of those samples in which fracture occurred in the
      resin only, may be considered as the tensile strength of the resin, 69.8 +/- 5.6
      kg/cm2. The mean fracture stresses of the Epoxy 9075 systems etched with pure
      phosphoric acid or with acid solutions containing 0.5% F salts were significantly
      higher than those treated with acid solutions containing 2% F salts.
      Incorporation of NaF or SnF2 in the etching solutions highly increased the
      fluoride concentration of enamel. The fluoride increase dependend on the fluoride
      concentration of the etching solution and was greater for NaF than SnF2.

PMID- 379282
TI  - The effect of varying dietary zinc levels on growth and antibody-mediated
      response in two strains of mice.
AB  - The objectives of the present study were to determine the zinc requirement of two
      strains of young growing female mice. The strains tested were outbred Swiss mice
      and inbred A/J mice. In addition to using growth as a criteria of zinc adequacy,
      the response to immunization with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was measured in
      each strain at various dietary zinc levels. The dietary levels of zinc fed in a
      biotin-fortified egg white diet were: 0.7, 3.3, 5.9, 8.2, 11.0 and 31.4 mg/kg. It
      was found during a 3-week experimental period that the outbred Swiss mice
      attained maximum growth and normal antibody-mediated response at a zinc level in
      the diet of 5.9 mg/kg. The inbred A/J mice in a 2-week experimental period were
      also able to attain maximum growth and normal antibody-mediated response at 5.9
      mg Zn/kg. It is concluded that there were no differences in the zinc requirement
      for growth of the two strains of mice used and also that the zinc requirement for
      immunological competency as measured by the Jerne plaque assay using SRBC antigen
      were similar. The results indicate that the mouse has a lower dietary requirement
      for zinc than the rat.

PMID- 379286
TI  - Evaluation of alternative alloys to precious ceramic alloys. 1. Mechanical
      properties.
AB  - In the first part of this study, the microstructures and the mechanical
      properties of precious, semi-precious, and nonprecious dental casting alloys for
      the porcelain-baked-to-metal technique have been determined. The semi-precious
      alloys contained only 50% gold, and palladium, silver, and some base metals. The
      nonprecious alloys were of the nickel-chromium type. Discs and miniaturized
      tensile bars have been cast and tested either in the as cast condition, or after
      a simulation of the various porcelain bakes. Proof stress, ultimate tensile
      strength, elongation, and plastic stiffness have been measured and results
      compared by use of analyses of variance. The microstructure examination shows
      that the simulation of the porcelain bakes improves the homogeneity of the
      precious and semi-precious alloys. Simultaneously, the mechanical properties of
      the same alloys are also improved. One semi-precious alloy, still under
      development at the time of these tests, has its mechanical characteristics
      markedly downgraded by the thermal treatments. The nickel-chromium alloys exhibit
      the best range of mechanical properties for the porcelain-baked-to-metal
      technique, when considering the three most relevant properties: proof stress,
      plastic stiffness, and modulus of elasticity.

PMID- 379287
TI  - Don't get hooked on your sponges.
AB  - Attention is given to the poor design of a disposable cellulose sponge that
      results in frequent hooking of sutures during microsurgical procedures.
      Suggestions for improvement are made.

PMID- 379289
TI  - Neonatal solitary renal cysts associated with posterior urethral valves.
AB  - Large simple cysts of the kidney are common findings in adults but are extremely
      rare in neonates. Three cases of large solitary renal cysts in newborn boys
      associated with posterior urethral valves are described. The pathogenesis,
      diagnosis, treatment, and differentiation from urinoma secondary to spontaneous
      urinary extravasation are discussed.

PMID- 379290
TI  - Congenital lip pits and Hirschsprung's disease.
AB  - A newborn infant with aganglionosis of the entire colon and terminal ileum also
      had congenital lip pits and a submucous cleft palate. These anomalies may be
      added to the growing list of conditions associated with Hirschsprung's disease.

PMID- 379288
TI  - The Costenbader Memorial Lecture. Genesis and genetics of retinoblastoma.

PMID- 379292
TI  - Experience with the van der Meulen one-stage hypospadias repair.
AB  - The van der Meulen one-stage hypospadias repair for distal hypospadias with
      minimal or nor chordee is described. It has been used in 65 cases and the results
      were good or excellent in 50 patients. There were no instances of postoperative
      urethral fistula.

PMID- 379291
TI  - Full-thickness rectal punch biopsy for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease.
AB  - The authors propose a full-thickness rectal punch biopsy method for the diagnosis
      of Hirschsprung's disease when the results of other diagnostic investigations
      have been equivocal. This procedure has been utilized in 48 patients in the last
      8 yr and the method was diagnostically reliable.

PMID- 379293
TI  - Dr. Grover Cleveland Penberthy: a pioneer of pediatric surgery.

PMID- 379294
TI  - Alveolar bone mass using 125I absorptiometry.
AB  - Small changes in alveolar bone mass are very difficult to detect using
      radiograms. A method is described for registering minute changes in bone mass in
      restricted parts of the jaw. The method is based on the use of collimated
      monenergetic radiation from 125I and replacement of the roentgen film by a non
      image forming detector. As the apparatus also can be used for measuring the
      object thickness, the attenuation formula can be used for calculating the
      alveolar bone mass. The radiation dose can be kept an extremely low level and the
      reproducibility of the measurements is high. The technique therefore may be used
      for long-term studies of changes in alveolar bone mass. The alveolar bone mass
      responds rapidly to changes in the neighboring tissues. The reaction following
      gingivectomy or dental trauma is characterized by a significant loss of alveolar
      bone mass initially. After 4 weeks an increase in the alveolar bone mass is noted
      and found to continue during the subsequent months.

PMID- 379295
TI  - Radionuclide imaging of alveolar bone. The state of art.

PMID- 379296
TI  - Sidney Sorrin, D.D.S.

PMID- 379297
TI  - Removal of amalgam overhangs. A profilometric and scanning electron microscopic
      evaluation.
AB  - Forty recently extracted teeth with Class II amalgam restorations with overhangs
      were divided into four groups of 10 teeth each. The overhangs were removed using
      one of the following instruments in each group: trimmer, chisel, surgical blade
      and reciprocating motordriven diamond tip. Instrumentation was performed until no
      irregularity could be detected clinically with a No. 3 explorer. The tooth
      amalgam interfaces were examined by combined use of a surface measuring
      instrument and a scanning electron microscope. Four tracings from each specimen
      were recorded and the discrepancy at the tooth-restoration interface was
      measured. The mean score for each tooth was determined, and the results were
      analyzed statistically. The tooth-restoration interfaces were photographed at 140
      magnification with the SEM. The results indicated that all instruments tested
      were effective in removing overhangs, since none of the mean discrepancies
      registered after instrumentation exceed 4 micron. The surgical blade, and
      especially the reciprocating motor-driven diamond tip eliminated overhangs better
      than the chisel. Both SEM photographs and the profilometric tracings revealed
      gaps or voids at the toothamalgam interface, ranging from 10 to 50 micron.

PMID- 379298
TI  - Histological assessment of autogenous bone graft. A case report and critical
      evaluation.
AB  - A histological study of the site of a clinically successful bone graft revealed
      the presence of a downgrowing junctional epithelium between the root surface and
      the altered graft bone. No new cementum could be seen associated with the osseous
      autograft, nor was a functional periodontal ligament in evidence adjacent to the
      grafted bone. It is suggested that the presence of newly formed bone on surgical
      reentry following bone grafting in periodontal lesions does not necessarily imply
      that regeneration of the periodontium has occurred.

PMID- 379299
TI  - Sulcular exudate flow in gingival inflammation.
AB  - Sulcular exudate flow measurements were obtained from 45 subjects and compared to
      the clinical as well as histologic degrees of inflammation. The results of this
      investigation demonstrated no statistically significant difference between
      exudate flow and the clinical degree of inflammation while demonstrating a
      statistically significant difference between exudate flow and the clinical
      assessment of inflammation. It was proposed that current clinical indices do not
      accurately reflect the microscopic degree of gingival inflammation.

PMID- 379301
TI  - New compounds: arylsulfonylhydrazones derived from various heterocycles.
AB  - Ten arylsulfonylhydrazones were prepared from various heterocycles. The
      antimicrobial activity of these compounds was investigated, as was the cytotoxic
      activity of one of them.

PMID- 379300
TI  - Periodontosis. An analysis and clarification of its status as a disease entity.

PMID- 379302
TI  - Pepsin secretion in anaesthetized cats stimulated by pentagastrin and gastrin II
      in the presence or absence of secretin.
AB  - 1. In fasting anaesthetized cats pentagastrin and gastrin II, infused alone in
      doses which evoked a large acid response, did not stimulate the secretion of
      pepsin. However, peptic secretion increased significantly when either acid
      stimulant was infused simultaneously with a dose od Boots' secretin, in itself
      below the threshold for peptic stimulation. 2. The potentiation by pentagastrin
      and gastrin II of the peptic response to secretin was similar to the potentiation
      observed when caerulein, histamine and N-methyl histamine are given with
      secretin, an effect we have attributed to a non-specific increase of gastric
      mucosal blood flow which accompanies the infusion of these acid stimulants and
      effectively increases the concentration of secretin delivered at the site of the
      chief cell in the gastric mucous membrane.

PMID- 379303
TI  - Convenient methods for removing and examining the spinal cords of small animals
      [proceedings].

PMID- 379304
TI  - Magnesium inhibition of hyperpolarization of the Amphiuma red cell membrane
      induced by calcium and A23187 [proceedings].

PMID- 379305
TI  - The effect of pentagastrin (I.C.I. 50, 123) on peptic secretion in man.
AB  - 1. We have studied the peptic responses of the intact human stomach to
      stimulation by doses of pentagastrin which elicit a maximal acid response.2. In
      twelve patients an intramuscular injection of pentagastrin (6 mug/kg) was
      followed by a prompt increase in acid output which attained a peak value eight
      times higher than the basal value in the period 15-30 min after stimulation. The
      pattern of the peptic response was similar, but the peak output of pepsin was
      only three times the output in unstimulated juice.3. In ten subjects the acid and
      peptic responses to I.V. infusion of pentagastrin (1.2 mug/kg per hr) were
      studied using a gastric perfusion technique with (14)C-labelled polyethylene
      glycol as non-absorbable marker. In seven of these ten subjects the pH of
      duodenal contents exceeded 6, and less than 0.5 m-mole HCl per 15 min entered the
      duodenum throughout the tests. In this subgroup pentagastrin evoked a strong acid
      response but no peptic response.4. In three subjects the pH of duodenal juice was
      less than 5.5 at times when more than 1 m-mole HCl per 15 min entered the
      duodenum. The acid response to pentagastrin differed considerably in the three
      subjects, but in each individual the output of pepsin increased each time an
      excess of HCl entered the duodenum.5. Since pentagastrin infused in a dose which
      maximally stimulates acid did not significantly increase the output of pepsin
      provided no HCl entered the duodenum we conclude that pentagastrin does not
      stimulate the secretion of pepsin in man. The transient insignificant peptic
      response to pentagastrin infusions, and the small but significant response to
      bolus injections of pentagastrin, can be explained as a wash-out phenomenon.

PMID- 379306
TI  - The effect of relining on the accuracy and stability of maxillary complete
      dentures--an in vitro and in vivo study.
AB  - A technique was developed for evaluating in vitro the accuracy or fit of
      experimental denture bases using a low-viscosity impression material for
      determining the space between the master die and the processed denture base.
      These measurements indicated that relining heat-cured maxillary denture bases
      with autopolymerizing acrylic resin improved their adaptation to the ridges.
      Interestingly, if no teeth were present in the heat-cured denture base, markedly
      less distortion occurred after processing. Limited clinical measurements on the
      stability of maxillary dentures in function showed no statistically significant
      change in stability after relining, but the trend was toward increased stability
      with the relined denture.

PMID- 379307
TI  - In vitro comparison of intact endodontically treated teeth with and without endo
      post reinforcement.
AB  - In an in vitro experiment, the failure loads of 59 intact endodontically treated
      teeth with and without Kerr Endo-Post reinforcement were compared. Fifty-eight
      teeth fractured below the cementoenamel junction. One tooth fractured through the
      pulp chamber with a chisel fracture involving both the crown and root. Teeth
      without posts fractured through the middle or coronal one third of the root.
      Teeth with posts fractured through the body of the post. No statistically
      significant reinforcement was demonstrated by cementing a Kerr Endo-Post No. 100
      into a sound endodontically treated tooth.

PMID- 379308
TI  - Semiprecision rest system for distal-extension removable partial dentures.
AB  - The history of the nonlocking type of intracoronal semiprecision rest has been
      traced from its origins with Neurohr in 1930, up to its present use as the
      Thompson dowel rest. The advantages of the use of this deep rest design and the
      clasp arm design for primary retention have been discussed. The Blatterfein
      modification of the lingual clasp arm has been introduced to overcome the
      problems of breakage and lack of stabilization which are present with the
      Thompson, Van Dam, and Wands designs.

PMID- 379309
TI  - A resilient lining material for the retention of maxillofacial prostheses.
AB  - The use of a resilient denture lining material and the rationale for the
      selection of the particular material used has been described. A resilient lining
      material provides primary retention for prostheses that may be difficult or
      impossible to obtain by other means. The improved compatibility of delicate
      tissues with a resilient material as compared to a rigid material has also been
      discussed.

PMID- 379310
TI  - Current concepts in cranioplasty.
AB  - A review of the methods of cranioplasty has been presented. A method of
      prefabrication of an alloplastic cranial implant has been described as well as a
      review of 40 patients with whom this technique was used.

PMID- 379311
TI  - The influence of the loss of teeth and attrition on the articular eminence.
AB  - A review of the literature revealed that changes in the articular eminence
      associated with changes in the dentition were usually overlooked in most reports.
      An attempt was made to determine whether changes in attrition and loss of teeth
      would correlate with a change (decreased angulation) in the articular eminence.
      The population consisted of 103 adult skulls and mandibles of both sexes and
      three different races. They included partial and totol edentulism, mild to severe
      attrition, and complete dentitions in good condition. An impression of each of
      the 206 articular eminences was made and the angulation established. The data
      were transferred to computer cards and a statistical analysis performed. The
      level of significance for each of the variables was established and conclusions
      were made.

PMID- 379312
TI  - Effect of varying surface texture on bond strength of one semiprecious and one
      nonprecious ceramo-alloy.

PMID- 379313
TI  - Patient response to variations in denture technique. Part III: Five-year
      subjective evaluation.
AB  - Dentures were constructed for 64 patients by two different techniques. One
      technique, designated as "complex," involved more complicated procedures such as
      a true hinge axis location, balanced occlusion, dentures remounted on an
      articulator after processing with new interocclusal records, and occlusal
      corrections made on the articulator. The "standard" technique involved an
      arbitrary mounting of the maxillary cast on the articulator, arranging the
      occlusion with centric relation coincident with centric occlusion but without a
      balanced occlusion, and making occlusal corrections in the mouth. Subjective
      evaluations were made for each of the 64 patients at initial placement of the
      dentures and for all active patients at five yearly recall visits following
      placement. The evaluation method was designed to determine clinical differences
      between the dentures made by the two techniques. At the end of 5 years, the data
      obtained at five yearly recall visits were subjected to statistical testing.
      These tests were performed to determine if the technique by which the dentures
      were made had any effect on the performance of the dentures that could be
      detected clinically. The results of the test showed that there was no significant
      difference between dentures made using two denture techniques that could be
      detected by subjective means.

PMID- 379314
TI  - Root retention and removable partial denture design.
AB  - The position of a retained root for preservation of a ridge requires modification
      of the design of a distal-extension removable partial denture on the side of the
      retained root. A model with silicone rubber over the ridges and simulated
      retained roots was fabricated. A framework with mesial rests, distal proximal
      plates, and I-bar clasp arms was fitted to it. A pencil lead was attached to the
      framework to record the arcs of rotation of the I-bar clasp arm. The movements
      and the fulcrums of the prosthesis were changed by the presence of simulated
      retained roots posterior to the distal abutment.

PMID- 379315
TI  - A clinical survey of gagging patients.
AB  - A clinical investigation was carried out on 74 dental patients who were suffering
      from a severe gagging reflex. The most common stimulating factor was the
      maxillary denture. Routine history and clinical examination were carried out for
      each patient, and lateral skull radiographs and an Eysenck Personality Inventory
      were completed for some of the patients. Treatment consisted of the use of an
      acrylic resin training base combined with relaxation therapy and heterohypnotic
      techniques. The results of this ongoing study were: (1) there were no consistent
      features of the group which differentiated them from control groups; (2) a number
      of patients were insufficiently motivated and discontinued treatment; and (3)
      some patients who were declared completely cured suffered relapses.

PMID- 379316
TI  - Measuring procedure for the determination of the three-dimensional shape of
      dentures.

PMID- 379317
TI  - Accuracy and dimensional stability of elastomeric impression materials.

PMID- 379319
TI  - Cost analysis of relined mercaptan rubber impressions.
AB  - An investigation was conducted to compare the time and amount of material used in
      a corrective reline impression procedure and in a complete remake of a new double
      mix impression. The reline technique required 22.22 gm less material, and the
      reline technique was achieved in approximately 7.6 minutes less time than that
      required for a complete remake. This results in a monetary saving while
      preserving quality.

PMID- 379318
TI  - Physical properties of an experimental composite resin liner.

PMID- 379321
TI  - Load-transfer characteristics of mandibular subperiosteal implants.

PMID- 379320
TI  - The Micro-Ring for full subperiosteal implant and prosthesis construction.
AB  - This technique was developed to overcome some of the difficulties experienced by
      the dentist in construction and maintenance of an implant denture. Laboratory
      construction time is greatly reduced in both the subperiosteal and the implant
      prosthesis. The greatest advantages of the technique are accurate and positive
      construction and predictable results.

PMID- 379322
TI  - Adhesion between copper-plated acrylic tray resin and a polysulfide rubber
      impression material.
AB  - The method of copper plating on acrylic resin was developed, and the bond
      strength to polysulfide rubber was measured in comparison with that of the
      adhesive coating. The bond strength with copper plating was greater than with
      adhesive coating. The specimens with adhesive coating failed due to a rupture
      occurring at the elastomer-adhesive interface, while those with copper plating
      had cohesive-adhesive failure. The method of copper plating on acrylic resin
      improved the adhesion between the polysulfide rubber and the custom-built acrylic
      resin tray.

PMID- 379323
TI  - Technique for making a customized shade guide.
AB  - A technique has been presented for making a custom shade guide that provides a
      direct visual means for conveying color information to the laboratory technician.
      The technique consists of applying pigment directly to acrylic resin denture
      teeth using colored drawing pencils. This technique was originated by Dr. Royal
      Norman of Omaha, Nebraska. One of the authors (S. W. A.) first saw Dr. Norman
      present it to the USAF Area Dental Laboratory Workshop, Westover AFB, Mass., in
      1969.

PMID- 379324
TI  - Fabricating a post and core to fit an existing crown.
AB  - This is a useful method for making a single post and core on an endodontically
      treated anterior tooth to fit an existing crown. It is a comparatively simple
      technique and gives a stable result.

PMID- 379325
TI  - Pulmonary infections by the fungus Aspergillus.

PMID- 379326
TI  - Public health dentistry: a report form the urban trenches--a call for help.

PMID- 379327
TI  - Anencephaly and twins: prenatal ultrasound and estriol.
AB  - A rare case of anencephalic twin pregnancy diagnosed prenatally with
      ultrasonography is reported. It is the only case found in the literature in which
      maternal 24-hour urinary estriol is documented in an anencephalic twin pregnancy.
      Ultrasound diagnosis and obstetric problems associated with such cases are
      discussed briefly.

PMID- 379328
TI  - Suppressive effect of alveolar macrophages on the in vitro immune response of
      rabbit lymphocytes.

PMID- 379330
TI  - Immunofluorescent skin band test in the differential diagnosis of systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - Forty-four uninvolved skin biopsies from lupus patients and 43 with various
      connective tissue diseases and nephritides other than lupus were tested for the
      presence of immunoglobulin deposition in the dermal-epidermal junction. Results
      were examined to determine their relationship to renal and clinical activity.
      Lupus band test (LBT) was positive in 30 (60%) SLE patients regardless of renal
      or clinical status. DNA-binding (p less than 0.01) and ANA (p less than 0.002)
      correlated to LBT. None of the other nephritides and only 2 with other connective
      tissue diseases were positive. LBT is a good aid in the differential diagnosis of
      SLE regardless of clinical or renal activity.

PMID- 379329
TI  - Further evidence for the role of bivalent cations in human polymorphonuclear
      leukocyte locomotion: recovery from tetracycline-induced inhibition in the
      presence of cation ionophores.

PMID- 379331
TI  - Ames test of 1-(X-phenyl)-3,3-dialkyltriazenes. A quantitative structure-activity
      study.
AB  - The mutagenicity of 1-(X-phenyl)-3,3-dialkyltriazenes was tested in the Ames test
      using Salmonella typhimurium TA92. The following quantitative structure-activity
      relationship (QSAR) was formulated: log 1/C = 1.09 log P -1.63 sigma+ + 5.58. In
      this expression, C is the molar concentration of triazene producing 30
      mutations/10(8) bacteria above background. This equation is based on 17 congeners
      and has a correlation coefficient of 0.974. The QSAR for mutagenicity is compared
      with QSAR for antileukemia action and toxicity (LD50) in mice. The mutagenicity
      of aflatoxin B (log 1/C = 9.5) and DTIC (log 1/C = 3.0) have also been
      determined.

PMID- 379332
TI  - Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 2'-substituted chelocardin analogues.
AB  - Chelocardin (1) was condensed with numerous hydrazines, hydrazides, and anilines,
      yielding 2'-substituted derivatives with antibacterial spectra similar to the
      parent antibiotic. The hydrazone derivatives 9 and 10 and the two anilino
      derivatives 42 and 44 had more in vivo antibacterial activity than chelocardin.

PMID- 379334
TI  - Potential radiosensitizing agents. Dinitroimidazoles.
AB  - New compounds of the nitroimidazole series have been synthesized as
      radiosensitizers which selectively sensitize hypoxic cells to the lethal effect
      of radiation. The reaction of 2,4(5)-dinitroimidazole (2) with chloroethanol or
      hydrochloric acid yielded 4(5)-nitro-5(4)-chloroimidazole (3), which upon
      reaction with ethylene oxide yielded the 4-nitro-5-chloroimidazole-1-ethanol (6).
      Reaction of 2 with ethylene oxide resulted in a mixture of two compounds, the 2,4
      dinitroimidazole-1-ethanol (4) and 2,3-dihydro-5-nitroimidazo[2,1-b]oxazole (5).
      The structure of the new heterocyclic compound 5 was confirmed by 1H NMR, mass
      spectrum, and X-ray crystallography. These agents were tested for their ability
      to sensitize hypoxic Escherichia coli cells to killing by ionizing radiation.
      Compound 4 was found to be the most active agent of this series of compounds.

PMID- 379333
TI  - Synthesis of all the stereoisomers of statine (4-amino-3-hydroxy-6
      methylheptanoic acid). Inhibition of pepsin activity by N-carbobenzoxy-L-valyl-L
      valyl-statine derived from the four stereoisomers.
AB  - Synthesis of all four stereoisomers of the novel amino acid statine, 4-amino-3
      hydroxy-6-methylheptanoic acid, found in pepstatin, a potent acid protease
      inhibitor, has been accomplished. Carbobenzoxy-L-valyl-L-valyl-statine
      tripeptides derived from all four stereoisomers have been prepared and their
      effect on pepsin activity is compared to that of pepstatin.

PMID- 379335
TI  - Synthesis and biological activity of 5-fluoro- and 5-methyl-1,3-oxazine-2,6(3H)
      dione.
AB  - 5-Fluoro-1,3-oxazine-2,6(3H)-dione (3-oxa-FU) was synthesized by reacting 3
      oxauracil with fluoroxytrifluoromethane and decomposing the adduct in the
      presence of a catalytic amount of Et3N. 5-Methyl-1,3-oxazine-2,6(3H)-dione (3
      oxathymine) was prepared by polyphosphoric acid catalyzed ring closure of beta-(N
      ethoxycarbonylamino)-2-methacrylic acid and by treatment of citraconimide with
      sodium hypochlorite. As determined in vitro, 3-oxa-FU was markedly inhibitory to
      S. faecium (ID50 = 9 X 10(-8) M) and E. coli (ID50 = 1 X 10(-7) M) but was less
      active against leukemia L-1210 cells (ID50 = 1 X 10(-5) M). At 1 x 10(-4) M, 3
      oxathymine was inactive in these cell systems. Inhibition of the growth of S.
      faecium by 3-oxa-FU was reversed competitively by the natural pyrimidines. The
      relatively rapid hydrolysis of the compounds in the growth media is a major
      factor in determining their biological effectiveness.

PMID- 379336
TI  - Orally active esters of cephalosporin antibiotics. 3. Synthesis and biological
      properties of aminoacyloxymethyl esters of 7-[D(-)-mandelamido]-3-[[(1-methyl-1H
      tetrazol-5-yl)thio]methyl]-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid.
AB  - The synthesis of six amino acid acyloxymethyl esters of cefamandole (1), a
      semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic, is described. These esters
      were examined as potentially useful orally active antibiotic prodrugs. When
      tested for oral efficacy against Streptococcus pyogenes C203 in mouse protection
      tests, the esters were not notably more active than lithium cefamandole. Further
      studies demonstrated that significant blood and urine levels of 1 were not
      obtained after dosing 2a, 2b, and 2f orally at 17 mg/kg in mice. A study of the
      stability to chemical hydrolysis and the possible relationship of hydrolysis to
      the lack of oral absorption of these esters is also presented.

PMID- 379338
TI  - Germ-tube formation by oral strains of Candida tropicalis.
AB  - Candida species isolated from the mouths of healthy children and of patients with
      denture stomatitis included strains of Candida tropicalis that formed germ tubes
      when incubated in serum. Twenty-six germ-tube-forming strains of C. albicans and
      of C. tropicalis were subcultured weekly for 9 wk on blood agar and on
      Sabouraud's agar and the ability of each subculture to form germ tubes was
      measured. All the strains of C. albicans formed almost as many germ tubes after
      nine weekly subcultures as they did when first isolated. By contrast, although
      all 26 strains of C. tropicalis formed germ tubes when first isolated, all had
      lost the ability to do so after six serial weekly subcultures. Germ-tube
      formation should not be the sole criterion for the identification of oral C.
      albicans strains.

PMID- 379339
TI  - Measurement of Proteus cell motility during swarming.
AB  - The motilities of Proteus long forms during swarming on agar were measured on
      cells transferred to liquid suspension. During concentric-ring formation on solid
      medium, when the edge of the swarm was advancing slowly or had stopped, the
      velocity of long-form motility was low. When the colony was spreading rapidly,
      long-form velocitywas relatively high. This periodic variation in cell velocity,
      which determines the zones formed during swarming, cannot adequately be explained
      by negative chemotaxis.

PMID- 379337
TI  - Serum creatine kinase levels in pubertal, mature, pregnant, and postmenopausal
      women.
AB  - In order to obtain control values for the diagnosis of carriers of Duchenne
      muscular dystrophy, creatine kinase (CK) estimations were performed in two
      laboratories on 148 healthy teenage girls (of whom 38 were premenarchal and 110
      postmenarchal), 133 healthy mature women, 124 pregnant women, and 37
      postmenopausal women. These levels were highest in the premenarchal teenagers,
      and became successively lower in the postmenarchal teenagers, the mature women,
      and the pregnant women, so that the mean level of the pregnant women was less
      than half that of the teenagers. The CK levels then rose again after the
      menopause. If the distribution of CK levels in adult non-pregnant women had been
      taken as controls for teenagers who were possible carriers for Duchenne muscular
      dystrophy, then one third of those teenagers classified as carriers would have
      been so classified incorrectly.

PMID- 379340
TI  - Acquisition of Klebsiella aerogenes by neonates.
AB  - The acquisition of Klebsiella aerogenes by neonates born in hospital has been
      studied by sero- and klebecin typing. This organism was more commonly carried in
      the bowel of breast-fed babies than of bottle-fed babies. Only very rarely did
      babies acquire strains of K. aerogenes from their mothers. K. aerogenes was
      widely distributed in the ward environment and on the hands of nurses and
      mothers. Some strains were able to spread on the ward. These results are relevant
      to the control of K. aerogenes infection in maternity units.

PMID- 379341
TI  - The fimbrial and non-fimbrial haemagglutinins of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Both cultures of Escherichia coli were examined for mannose-sensitive (MS)
      haemagglutinin in rocked-tile tests with guinea-pig red cells at ambient
      temperature, and agar plate cultures were examined for mannose-resistant eluting
      (MRE) haemagglutinins against 14 species of red cells in tests mixed at 3--5
      degrees C in the presence of .05% (w/v) D-mannose. Ox, sheep, human, pig, horse,
      guinea-pig, and fowl red cells were required to detect the various patterns of
      MRE haemagglutination with the different species of cells. Of 387 strains in 155
      O serogroups, 95 formed both MS and MRE haemagglutinins (MS+/MRE+), 198 formed
      only MS (MS+/MRE-), 21 only MRE (MS+/MRE+), and 73 neither (MS-/MRE-). Strains of
      more than one of these types, and MRE+ strains with different cell specificities
      were found in many of the serogroups. Some strains in 144 O serogroups had MS
      haemagglutinin and some in 50 an MRE haemagglutinin. The presence of MS
      haemagglutinin in a culture was invariably associated with the presence of type-1
      fimbriae on the bacteria. All MS+ strains shared a common antigen in their type-1
      fimbriae and three groups of these strains possessed also a group-specific
      fimbrial antigen. The presence of certain kinds of MRE haemagglutinin in over
      half the MRE+ strains was associated with that of type-MRE fimbriae, but fimbriae
      were not detected in the other MRE+ strains. The antigens of the MRE
      haemagglutinins in different strains were heterogeneous and differed from those
      of the type-1 fimbriae of MS+ strains. Three series of strains from normal
      faeces, and from patients with infantile diarrhoea and urinary-tract infections
      each included a minority possessing neither type of haemagglutinin, but this
      observation did not preclude a role of the haemagglutinins in colonization or
      pathogenicity.

PMID- 379342
TI  - James Walter McLeod. 2 January 1887--11 March 1978.

PMID- 379343
TI  - Effects of divalent cation ionophores on the neuron membrane of the crayfish.
AB  - The effects of divalent cation ionophores, A23187 and X-537A, on the electrical
      membrane properties were investigated by using the soma membrane of the X-organ
      of the crayfish. They reduced the amplitude and maximum rate of rise of Ca-action
      potential in lower concentration. As the concentration increased, a reduction of
      membrane resistance and hyperpolarization occurred simultaneously. Further
      increase resulted in membrane depolarization with a further decrease in
      resistance. The threshold concentration of X537A was 100 times higher than that
      of A23187. These effects were reversible only when the application period was
      relatively short, while a longer application resulted in an incomplete
      reversibility or in no reversibility at all. The ionophore effect was facilitated
      in high Ca medium and diminished in low Ca medium. In Sr medium, the same effects
      on the resistance and the membrane potential were barely observable. TEA reduced
      the effects of A23187 but did not completely inhibit the effects. The Na-cation
      potential was also reduced by the higher concentration of the ionophore. From
      these results it is concluded that the divalent cation ionophores. A23187 and
      X537A, carry divalent cations, Ca ions in a physiological medium, into the neuron
      soma through the membrane and the consequent increase of the intracellular
      divalent cations induces K conductance increase and that higher concentration of
      the ionophore induces the increase in the conductance of the other ion species,
      such as Na.

PMID- 379346
TI  - The omental band sign in reticulum cell sarcoma.

PMID- 379347
TI  - Progression of fusion during rapid freezing for electron microscopy.
AB  - The method used to determine the rate of fusion was based on the large difference
      in the dielectric constants of water and ice. A thin (50--60 micrometers) slice
      of a gelatin gel was used as the dielectric in a plate condenser. The slice was
      placed on a metal electrode built in a specimen carrier which was dropped on a
      silver freezing surface kept at below 70 K, forming the other plate of the
      condenser. Freezing of the gelatin causes a marked decrease in a 20,000 cycle
      current passing through the condenser. Since the thickness of the layer of frozen
      material was shown to be a function of the reciprocal of the current, it was
      possible to determine the course of fusion of the section. Freezing started at a
      high rate which declined during the first 5 ms but then increased again and
      usually became quite high at the end of fusion.

PMID- 379345
TI  - Cation permeation of the amphibian motor end-plate.
AB  - Measurements of acetylcholine-induced single-channel conductance and null
      potentials at the amphibian motor end-plate in solutions containing Na, K, Li and
      Cs ions (Gage & Van Helden, 1979; J. Physiol. (London) (in press) were analyzed
      in terms of three models. Two of these models, the "neutral" site channel model
      and the "charged" site channel model were developed to cater for three cations.
      Both were shown to be able to explain the dependence of single-channel
      conductance on membrane potential and gave the following sequences of equilibrium
      constants and mobilities. KLi/KNa/KK/KCs = 7:1.1:1:0.9 and UCs/UK/UNa/ULi =
      1.4:1:0.58:0.13 at 8 degrees C. Similar sequences were obtained at 20 degrees C.
      Although the neutral model fitted the data for relative conductances in Li-, Cs-
      and Na-solutions slightly better than the charged model, experiments done in
      normal [NaCl] and [NaCl]/2 solutions could only be fitted by the neutral model.
      In contrast, the third model, the Constant Field Equation, was unable to fit the
      conductance data in any of the above situations. The data available suggests that
      permeation is through "long" neutral channels, lined with high field-strength
      negative polar groups and including one or possibly more high resistance barriers
      for anions.

PMID- 379344
TI  - Radio-iodination of plasma membranes of toad bladder epithelium.
AB  - The present report describes high yield enzymatic radio-iodination of the apical
      and basal-lateral plasma membranes of toad bladder epithelium, by a procedure
      that does not breach the functional integrity of the epithelium, as assessed by
      the basal and vasopressin-sensitive short-circuit current (SCC). Restriction of
      the label to the membrane surface, was ascertained by light and electron
      microscopic autoradiographs. On the apical surface, the grains were over the
      glycocalyx and the plasma membrane. Analysis of the labeled glycocalyx by agarose
      gel filtration, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS
      PAGE), as well as enzymatic and pH-dependent hydrolysis indicated that the
      glycocalyx is a trichloro-acetic acid-soluble macromolecular complex of high
      molecular weight composed of a peptide moiety attached to large prosthetic groups
      (presumably carbohydrates) by O-glycosidic bonds. Analysis of the labeled apical
      plasma membrane components by agarose gel filtration and SDS-PAGE disclosed the
      presence of six major species of apparent molecular weights: 23,000, 28,000,
      37,000, 44,000, 68,000, and 95,000. More than half of the membrane-associated
      radio-iodine was in two bands of molecular weights 37,000 and 44,000.
      Concentrations of vasopressin and cyclic AMP sufficient to increase the SCC
      significantly did not modify the extent of membrane labeling or the distribution
      of the label among the apical membrane components (presumably proteins) as
      assessed by SDS-PAGE. Iodination in the presence of amiloride inhibited
      incorporation but did not change the pattern of the distribution of the label
      among the components resolved by SDS-PAGE. Iodination of basal-lateral plasma
      membranes, at a yield comparable to that obtained with apical labeling, was
      attained after about 30 min of exposure of the intact bladder to the labeling
      solutions. Approximately 25% of the basal-lateral labeling was lost when the
      epithelial cells were harvested after collagenase treatment, implying that some
      iodination of the basement membrane had taken place. Less than 10% of iodination
      of the apical or basal-lateral surfaces was accounted for by lipid-labeling.
      Analysis of the labeled apical and basal-lateral species by enzymatic digestion
      and thin layer chromatography disclosed that virtually all the radioactivity was
      present as mono-iodotyrosine (MIT).

PMID- 379348
TI  - A double embedding technique for the electron microscopic analysis of the liver
      acinus.
AB  - A double embedding technique allowing accurate and systematic sampling of zones
      of the hepatic acinus by electron microscopy was developed. The method involved
      the primary embedding of large (10 mm x 30 mm x 0.5 mm) liver slices and the
      preparation of 10 micrometers thick tissue sections by means of a rotary
      microtome with a steel knife. Veins 20--40 micrometers in diameter, the landmarks
      of the hepatic acinus, were localized by light microscopy, dissected from
      surrounding tissue and reembedded for ultramicrotomy. The method facilitated the
      systematic evaluation of hepatocyte ultrastructure in each zone of the
      microcirculatory unit of the liver, the hepatic acinus.

PMID- 379349
TI  - Isolation and characterization of the host protein groE involved in bacteriophage
      lambda assembly.

PMID- 379350
TI  - Purification and properties of groE, a host protein involved in bacteriophage
      assembly.

PMID- 379351
TI  - Folded chromosomes in meiotic yeast cells: analysis of early meiotic events.

PMID- 379352
TI  - Interactions of yeast valyl-tRNA synthetase with RNAs and conformational changes
      of the enzyme.

PMID- 379353
TI  - A simple autoradiographic method for investigating long range chromosome
      substructure: size and number of DNA molecules in isolated nucleoids of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 379354
TI  - Melville as humanist.

PMID- 379356
TI  - 1978 presidential address: American Burn Association.

PMID- 379355
TI  - Achilles tendon repair with the plantaris tendon compared with repair using
      polyglycol threads.
AB  - Therapeutic results in 56 surgically treated patients with rupture of the
      Achilles tendon are presented. Results with repair using plantaris tendon and by
      suture of polyglycol threads are compared in 41 patients in a long-term followup
      study. Although 54 patients returned to their pre-accident physical activity, in
      all cases residual phenomena like calf atrophy, thickening of tendon, and tendon
      excursion were analyzed. The use of synthetic absorbable threads shortens the
      convalescence period. Covering the repair site with the fanned plantaris tendon
      seems to help to avoid painful adhesions with the skin.

PMID- 379357
TI  - Composite resection without mandibular reconstruction.
AB  - While composite resection remains the fundamental surgical approach to carcinoma
      of the posterior oral cavity, removal or reconstruction of the adjacent segment
      of mandible remains contentious. Various grafts have been used with less than
      satisfactory and unpredictable results. Bone has been brought in, borrowed,
      reshaped, and implanted into the area of mandibular deficit; mandibular osteotomy
      has been attempted with primary closure as well. A review of 78 composite
      resections at Upstate Medical Center reveals that of this number, 61 have
      undergone primary lateral mandibulectomy without reconstruction while four others
      have undergone more extended resection without reconstruction at the time of
      initial surgery. In the others, mandibular reconstruction has been
      unsatisfactory; mandibular osteotomy in the presence of irradiated tissue has
      been unsuccessful in all cases. In our experience, satisfactory results,
      functionally and cosmetically, have been attained with partial mandibulectomy and
      primary closure of the wound obviating more involved reconstructive procedures. A
      review of therapy with attention to surgical detail, complications, and results
      is presented.

PMID- 379358
TI  - Metastatic tumors in the temporal bone--a pathophysiologic study.
AB  - Nineteen temporal bones were examined from 11 patients who had metastatic
      temporal bone disease from a distant primary. The salient clinical features were:
      the high incidence of occult temporal bone involvement (7 of the 10 clinically
      documented cases), the considerable incidence of melanoma (3 of 10) and the
      variable correlation between clinical findings and pathologic localization of
      tumor in the temporal bone. Pathologic examination revealed two distinct modes of
      tumor spread within the temporal bone: 1) vascularosseous (petrous apex, mastoid,
      middle ear, external canal); and 2) perineural (nerves in IAC branches,
      labyrinthine endorgans). Every case was involved by one or both or these routes
      and no case of CSF-borne metastasis to the perilymphatic space was seen. The
      external canal was involved extensively in spite of an intact tympanic membrane.
      Since the presence of symptomatic or occult metastases in the temporal bone
      affects treatment and prognosis, they must be actively sought by the clinician.

PMID- 379359
TI  - Infections of the temporomandibular joint.
AB  - Three interesting case histories of infection of the temperomandibular joint are
      reported. An unsuccessful search of the recent literature was made in the hope
      that some assistance would be obtained in understanding the pathology. These
      infections must have been more common in the pre-antibiotic era and perhaps a
      search of the older literature would have been more fruitful.

PMID- 379360
TI  - Mitochondrial morphology in yeast with and without mitochondrial DNA.

PMID- 379362
TI  - An ultrastructural study of the yeast tomoplast during the shift from exponential
      to stationary phase.

PMID- 379361
TI  - The production and elimination of myeloid bodies by cultured pancreatic islet
      cells.

PMID- 379363
TI  - Uptake of lipid bodies by the yeast vacuole involving areas of the tonoplast
      depleted of intramembranous particles.

PMID- 379364
TI  - Sexual impotence: the overlooked complication of a second renal transplant.
AB  - The incidence of sexual impotence in 20 men who have received at least 2 kidney
      transplants was 65% compared to 10% after the first transplant. The importance
      was transient (2 to 4 months) in both affected men after the first transplant but
      permanent (2 to 10 years) in 6 men after the second operation. We attribute this
      increased percentage of impotence to the second end-to-end arterial anastomosis
      that requires division of the internal iliac arteries. We suggest that the second
      transplant be placed end-to-side into the common iliac artery.

PMID- 379365
TI  - Vascular-induced erectile impotence in renal transplant recipients.
AB  - The incidence and pathogenesis of sexual dysfunction were studied in 16 male
      renal allograft recipients. In 9 patients with bilateral renal transplants in
      whom both internal iliac arteries were occluded nocturnal erections were absent
      and a penile arterial pulse could not be palpated. Of 7 patients with 1 renal
      allograft 4 demonstrated penile nocturnal tumescence and the penile pulse could
      be palpated in 5. Since interruption of pelvic arterial blood supply appears to
      contribute to impotence in renal transplant recipients consideration should be
      given to the use of the external iliac artery for arterial anastomosis. Two
      patients were treated successfully with an inflatable penile prosthesis.

PMID- 379367
TI  - Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis.

PMID- 379368
TI  - Operative blood loss in transurethral prostatectomy.
AB  - Operative blood loss was measured in 62 transurethral prostatectomies performed
      with a continuous irrigation suction resectoscope. Although blood loss per minute
      is comparable to levels in earlier studies the rapidity with which resection can
      be accomplished results in a marked reduction in operative blood loss.

PMID- 379366
TI  - Etiology, manifestations and therapy of acute epididymitis: prospective study of
      50 cases.
AB  - There were 50 patients with acute epididymitis who were evaluated prospectively
      by history, examination and microbiologic studies, including cultures for
      aerobes, anaerobes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Ureaplasma
      urealyticum. Escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen isolated from the
      urine of men more than 35 years old, while Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria
      gonorrhoeae were the predominant pathogens isolated from the urethra of men less
      than 35 years old. The etiologic role of Escherichia coli and Chlamydia
      trachomatis was confirmed by isolation from epididymal aspirates from a high
      proportion of men with positive urine or urethral cultures for these agents.
      Chlamydia trachomatis epididymitis accounted for two-thirds of idiopathic
      epididymitis in young men and often was associated with oligospermia. Of 9 female
      sexual partners of men with Chlamydia trachomatis infection 6 had antibody to
      Chlamydia trachomatis, of whom 2 had positive cervical cultures for this organism
      and 2 others had non-gonococcal pelvic inflammatory disease. Antibiotic therapy
      with tetracycline was effective for the treatment of men with Chlamydia
      trachomatis epididymitis and should be offered to the female sex partners.

PMID- 379369
TI  - Bacteriuria during closed urinary drainage: an evaluation of top-vented versus
      bag-vented systems.
AB  - For a 10-month period a top-vented closed urinary drainage system was evaluted
      and compared to a conventional bag-vented drainage system. The study involved
      random assignment of either system to all adult patients who required urinary
      catheterization. Criteria for exclusion included acute or chronic genitourinary
      tract infection and surgical interference with bladder function. The end point of
      the study was removal of any part of the system after at least 24 hours or a
      positive urine culture (greater than 10,000 colonies per ml. urine). The series
      included 236 patients. Distributions of patient age, sex and hospital service
      assignment (medical or surgical), antibiotic usage and duration of
      catheterization were similar in both study groups. Of 113 patients with the top
      vented system 16 (14.2 per cent) acquired bacteriuria, whereas 13 of 123 (10.6
      per cent) with the bag-drainage system acquired bacteriuria. No significant
      difference was noted. Antibiotics were used in 202 of 236 patients (86 per cent).
      Although usage delayed the appearance of bacteriuria in both groups isolates were
      more frequently yeasts and gram-negative organisms other than Escherichia coli.

PMID- 379370
TI  - The Denis-Browne hypospadias repair revisited.
AB  - Sixty-four cases of hypospadias repair by the Denis-Browne technique are
      reviewed. A urethrocutaneous fistula was the most common postoperative
      complication. Other less frequent complications were urethral stricture, residual
      chordee and improper location of the urethral meatus. These complications were
      corrected adequately and the results were satisfactory in all patients. This
      technique is simple, sound and trustworthy.

PMID- 379371
TI  - Adhesiveness to urinary tract epithelial cells of fecal and urinary Escherichia
      coli isolates from patients with symptomatic urinary tract infections or
      asymptomatic bacteriuria of varying duration.
AB  - Adhesiveness to human urinary tract epithelial cells was high for Escherichia
      coli strains isolated from patients with acute pyelonephritis and acute cystitis,
      and low for asymptomatic bacteriuria strains detected at screening. Escherichia
      coli bacteria causing asymptomatic reinfections, detected near the onset of
      bacteriuria, adhered more than those detected at screening. No difference in the
      adhesive ability was found between fecal isolates of the strain causing urinary
      tract infection, isolated at or before onset of bacteriuria, and the urinary
      strain in symptomatic or asymptomatic patients. Normal fecal Escherichia coli
      from non-bacteriuric patients adhered less than all other strains tested.

PMID- 379372
TI  - Parameters of gas urethral pressure profiles: Part I.
AB  - Carbon dioxide urethral pressure profiles were analyzed under the same conditions
      for 113 spina bifida and 87 non-spina bifida patients categorized by sex and age.
      Either duplicate or triplicate measurements were obtained from each patient for
      parameters of continence length, closure pressure and functional length. The
      degree of reproducibility of each parameter varied depending on age, sex and
      diagnosis. Except for 1 age-sex category closure pressure exhibited the smallest
      degree of relative variation for spina bifida patients. Results for non-spina
      bifida patients were mixed in that the measurement of no one parameter resulted
      in a uniformly smallest degree of relative variation. Reproducibility based on
      within patient variability generally was least for the continence length.

PMID- 379373
TI  - The use of percutaneous antegrade renal perfusion in kidney transplant
      recipients.
AB  - Percutaneous antegrade renal perfusion under ultrasound control may be performed
      safely in human renal transplant recipients with dilated pelviocaliceal systems.
      The study can be useful to define whether the presence of anatomic changes is
      accompanied by significant functional obstruction.

PMID- 379374
TI  - Upward migration of indwelling ureteral stents.
AB  - Polyethylene ureteral stents suspended from the kidney by a pigtail memory in the
      proximal end were placed bilaterally in a patient with ureteral obstruction
      secondary to retroperitoneal sarcoma. Both stents migrated upward and 1 migrated
      into the renal parenchyma. We recommend that these stents be inserted into the
      renal pelvis, as opposed to the calices, and that sufficient length be allowed to
      prohibit migration above the bladder.

PMID- 379375
TI  - Alphabetical list of W.D.A. members, 1978.

PMID- 379377
TI  - The changing picture of otitis media in childhood.

PMID- 379376
TI  - Teams vie in synthetic production of human growth hormone.

PMID- 379379
TI  - Bacterial tracheitis.
AB  - During a 14-month period, eight infants and children were observed with an acute,
      infectious, upper airway obstructive disease with features common to both croup
      and epiglottitis. We have termed this distinct entity "bacterial tracheitis." All
      patients failed to respond to treatment for croup, including racemic epinephrine
      delivered by intermittent positive-pressure breathing. Direct laryngoscopy
      consistently revealed a normal epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds but marked
      subglottic mucosal edema. Tracheal suctioning yielded copius mucopus below the
      subglottic swelling. Gram stain of this material corroborated subsequent
      cultures: Staphylococcus aureus, six; group A Streptococcus, one; and Haemophilus
      influenzae (not typed), one. All patients required periodic tracheal suctioning
      for relief of upper airway obstruction. Six patients required endotracheal
      intubation; one required a tracheostomy. Bacterial tracheitis should be
      considered in the differential diagnosis of a young child with a croup-like
      illness that is refractory to conventional therapy.

PMID- 379378
TI  - Laetrile on trial.

PMID- 379380
TI  - Roentgenographic findings in PEEP therapy. Indicators of pulmonary complications.
AB  - We reviewed serial chest roentgenograms of 82 patients treated with positive end
      expiratory pressure (PEEP) therapy for morbid pulmonary failure. No change was
      identified in the appearance of the chest roentgenograms in 49 patients. Thirty
      three patients showed pulmonary hyperinflation, varying degrees of apparent
      clearing of alveolar or interstitial disease, and resorption of interstitial and
      pleural fluid. Lung hyperinflation and interstitial gas generally preceded
      pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. These pulmonary complications were identified
      roentgenographically, often before they became clinically apparent. No consistent
      correlation was observed between these roentgenographic changes and the
      ventilatory pressures employed. The radiologist should be informed that a patient
      is receiving PEEP therapy, as the earliest signs of alveolar rupture-
      interstitial emphysema--are frequently subtle.

PMID- 379381
TI  - Jean Baptiste Perrin.

PMID- 379382
TI  - Echocardiographic evaluation in congenital heart disease.

PMID- 379383
TI  - [Comparative double-blind trial of sisomicin and gentamicin in the treatment of
      complicated urinary tract infections (author's transl)].

PMID- 379384
TI  - [Clinical experience with minocycline by intravenous drip (author's transl)].

PMID- 379385
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXVIII].

PMID- 379386
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CLII.

PMID- 379387
TI  - [Morphological studies on antibacterial activities of cefotiam (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 1. Cefotiam was demonstrated to be more potent than cefazolin in its
      antibacterial activities against clinical isolates of E. coli, Klebsiella,
      Serratia, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus morganii and Proteus inconstans. MICs of
      cefotiam with 10(6) cells/ml inoculum size were considerably lower than those
      with 10(8) cells/ml. 2. Organisms lysed when exposed to cefotiam at
      concentrations higher than the MICs with 10(8) cells/ml. Morphological changes of
      organisms into filament occurred even at concentrations lower than the MICs with
      10(6) cells/ml. This indicates that cefotiam is incorporated into organisms at
      remarkably low concentrations and exerts its antibacterial activities. 3.
      Cefotiam showed a high affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) 1A, 1Bs and
      3. The formation of filament at low concentrations of cefotiam is possibly
      attributable to the high affinity of cefotiam for PBP 3 in addition to its high
      permeability through outer cell membrane. 4. As the antibacterial activities of
      cefotiam are displayed at lower concentrations, it is reasonable to consider that
      doses of cefotiam on clinical use can be reduced in comparison with those of
      conventional cephalosporins.

PMID- 379388
TI  - [Treatment of E. coli meningitis with cefmetazole. Report of two cases with
      favorable response and determination of the concentrations in CSF (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Two patients with purulent meningitis, of which causative organism was presumed
      to be E. coli, were treated with intravenous administration of cefmetazole, 300
      approximately 400 mg/kg/day in 4 approximately 6 divided doses, and the following
      conclusions were obtained. 1) Clinical response was favorable and a complete cure
      was obtained without sequelae in both patients. There were no adverse reactions
      noted except for a mild and transient eosinophilia (12%) in one case. 2) Of two
      strains of E. coli recovered from CSF, one was sensitive to ampicillin, cefazolin
      and cefmetazole, among which cefmetazole had the highest bacterial activity.
      Although another strain was sensitive to cefmetazole, it showed resistance to
      cefazolin (greater than 12.5 microgram/ml) and to ampicillin (greater than 100
      microgram/ml). 3) Concentrations of cefmetazole in CSF following 1 approximately
      2 hours of its intravenous administration were either equal to or higher than
      those of ampicillin, which was given to the same patient for a short period of
      time. The concentrations in CSF were higher than 3.1 microgram/ml on each
      occasion except for in some specimens during the convalescent phase and exceeded
      well the MIC of the causative organism. 4) Based on the above results,
      cefmetazole is considered to be a potent antibiotic in the treatment of E. coli
      meningitis. Although further studies are needed as to the dosage, an intravenous
      administration at 4-hour interval appears to be warranted based on the studies
      that the half-life of the drug is short in CSF in animal experiments.

PMID- 379389
TI  - [Two-dimensional diffusion method for determining antimicrobial agents (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Intending to improve the accuracy of determination of antibiotics, a two
      dimensional diffusion method using large agar plate was introduced. Three
      antimicrobial agents, ampicillin, PC-904, and tobramycin, were used. Inhibition
      zones of B. subtilis on the agar plate were measured which were formed as a
      result of diffusion of these agents. The relationship between the concentration
      of antimicrobials and the size of inhibition zones was studied. Plotting the data
      points on the graph, it was predicted that there might be a relationship of
      quadratic equation between the diameter of inhibition zone and the logarithm of
      concentration of the agents. On the other hand, mathematical considerations were
      taken to find out a physical principle or an equation which governs the diffusion
      of antibiotics in the agar. Assuming that antibiotics spreads in the agar after
      the principle of simple diffusion, an equation was lead which shows how the
      antibiotics distributes in the agar in relation to time. The equation was written
      as, (formula: see text) where, S is amount of antibiotics, D diffusion constant,
      r distance from the center of diffusion, t period during which the diffusion
      proceeds. As a result of the mathematical calculations mentioned, it was
      confirmed that the relation between the size of zones and the logarithm of
      concentration of antibiotics is described by a quadratic equation as predicted on
      the basis of experimental data.

PMID- 379390
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXIX].

PMID- 379391
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CLIII.

PMID- 379393
TI  - [Simple and rapid test for microbial identification].

PMID- 379392
TI  - [Culture media and kits for biochemical identification of new bacteria].

PMID- 379394
TI  - [Computerization of microbiological laboratories].

PMID- 379395
TI  - [Angiographic study of allotransplanted kidney (author's transl)].

PMID- 379396
TI  - [Study of the stomal ulcer. (2) In particular, the relationship between the
      stomal ulcer and the mucosa of the residual stomach (author's transl)].

PMID- 379397
TI  - [Division of innominate vein to separate systemic and pulmonary venous blood for
      surgical repair of PAPVR (author's transl)].

PMID- 379398
TI  - Mutation of human cells by kerosene soot.
AB  - The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fraction of a kerosene soot induced forward
      mutation in human diploid lymphoblasts when coincubated with Sprague-Dawley rat
      liver postmitochondrial supernatant. Two components of the kerosene soot extract,
      benzo[a]pyrene (BP) and cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CP), were also tested. TP was not
      mutagenic at the concentration found in the soot extract, although it was active
      at higher concentrations. The amount of CP present could account for
      approximately 8% of the total mutation observed with the soot. The results were
      compared to data obtained previously in a similar mutation assay in Salmonella
      typhimurium. The protocol described permits the facile assay of mutation at the
      hgprt locus in human lymphoblasts; such mutation is induced by compounds of
      complex mixtures requiring mixed-function oxygenase activity for metabolism to
      genetically active derivatives.

PMID- 379399
TI  - Selection of a low antigenic variant subline from the TA3St ascites carcinoma by
      repeated passage of antibody-coated cells through anti-immunoglobulin columns.
AB  - TA3St mouse ascites carcinoma cells of strain A origin (H-2a) were coated with
      anti-H-2a serum and passaged through mouse immunoglobulin-anti-immunoglobulin
      columns repeatedly prior to each in vivo passage. After six passages in vivo, a
      variant cell line emerged with significantly decreased H-2a expression and an
      increased ability to grow progressively across H-2 allograft barriers. Chromosome
      analysis of the variant cell line revealed no major changes in karyotype. The
      application of the method for studies on the generation of immunoresistant tumor
      cell variants and on the relationship between antibody-binding sites and
      rejection target sites is discussed.

PMID- 379400
TI  - Effect of adriamycin and Corynebacterium parvum in tumor-bearing mice: modulation
      of response to sheep red blood cells.
AB  - Administration of adriamycin and Corynebacterium parvum alone in C57BL/6J mice
      bearing Lewis lung carcinoma stimulated the direct (19S) and indirect (7S) plaque
      forming cell (PFC) response specific for sheep red blood cells. Thus adriamycin
      appears to possess some immunostimulatory effect on tumor-bearing mice with much
      less effect than C. parvum alone. Simultaneous administration of adriamycin and
      C. parvum decreased the PFC response compared to that for C. parvum alone. This
      decrease may indicate that drug-vaccine interaction could produce some inhibition
      of the strong immunostimulatory effect of C. parvum as measured by the PFC
      response in tumor-bearing mice. The immunostimulatory effect of adriamycin and C.
      parvum administered as a single agent or in combination was associated with
      significant splenomegaly. The results of this study could be helpful in clinical
      situations when these agents are used alone or combined.

PMID- 379401
TI  - Metabolism of 1,3-bis(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil in mice.
AB  - 1,3-Bis(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5-fluorouracil (FD-1) is a new masked compound of
      fluorinated pyrimidine and a derivative of 1-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-5
      fluorouracil (FT-207). The pharmacokinetics of FD-1 and FT-207 were compared in
      the livers and kidneys of control mice and in mice (DD males) pretreated with
      phenobarbital. The half-time in the liver of FD-1 orally administered was about
      40 minutes, whereas that of FT-207 in the liver was about 3 hours. Hepatic
      concentrations of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) originating from FD-1 were three to five
      times as much as those originating from FT-207. FD-1 formed 3-(tetrahydro-2
      furanyl)-5-fluorouracil (3-T-F-FU) and FT-207 by a ratio of about 3 to 10,
      respectively. Although FD-1 had a short period of half reduction, FT-207 and 3-T
      F-FU had a half-time lasting for 3--4 hours. In contrast, the renal concentration
      of FD-1 was one-third that of FT-207. Oral administration of FD-1 to the mice
      pretreated with phenobarbital elevated the FT-207 and 3-T-F-FU levels in the
      livers to twice the levels in the control mice and further elevated the FUra
      levels in the livers to twice the levels in the controls. These results indicate
      that FD-1 is catabolized in the liver by microsomal enzymes (including cytochrome
      P450) faster than is FT-207, which consequently enlarges the hepatic pool of the
      intermediates on the way to FUra formation.

PMID- 379402
TI  - Corynebacterium parvum: effects on the biochemistry of mouse serum and liver.

PMID- 379403
TI  - The mother as incubator-after delivery.
AB  - Decreases in body temperature of 10 nude babies who were held next to their
      mothers' bodies were compared with the decreases in temperature of 9 babies who
      were kept in heated beds. After 15 minutes both groups of babies had identical
      temperatures of 98.1 degrees F, which is well above the acceptable minimum of
      96.9 degrees F. It appears that mothers who desire to hold their babies
      immediately after delivery can be permitted to do so without concern by the staff
      that the babies will become chilled.

PMID- 379404
TI  - Vitamin D, the parathyroid and the kidney.

PMID- 379405
TI  - Albion Walter Hewlett: pioneer clinical physiologist.

PMID- 379406
TI  - [James Mackenzie and his place in the history of cardiology (on the 125th
      anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 379408
TI  - [Mitral valve prolapse syndrome].

PMID- 379409
TI  - [Anatolii Innokent'evich Nesterov].

PMID- 379407
TI  - [Fungal endocarditis after heart valve prosthesis].

PMID- 379410
TI  - [Myocardial lesions in allergic states].

PMID- 379411
TI  - [Disorders of heart metabolism and function under the influence of emotional-pain
      stress and their prevention].

PMID- 379413
TI  - [Peritonization of insecure intestinal sutures with the adjacent loop of
      intestine in children].

PMID- 379412
TI  - Localization of urinary procoagulant in the human kidney.
AB  - By the indirect immunofluorescent and immunoenzymatic techniques with
      monospecific antiserum against urinary procoagulant (a tissue factor which
      accelerates blood coagulation), we found the urinary procoagulant in the kidney
      distributed to the loop of Henle and distal convoluted tubules. In these areas
      urinary procoagulant was found in association with the luminal and intercellular
      borders as well as in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells. Both the descending and
      ascending limbs of Henle were equally stained. The cytoplasmic staining was
      patchy in distribution among cells of distal tubules and was predominantly
      localized in the supranuclear areas. Glomeruli, the proximal tubular cells, the
      vascular wall, and the interstitium were not stained. There was, however,
      fluorescent staining along the epithelial layers of the Bowman's capsule, which
      was observed only in the frozen sections. Casts in the distal tubules were also
      positively stained. These findings suggest that urinary procoagulant is
      synthesized in the epithelial cells of these particular parts of nephron and is
      secreted into urine, although its physiologic roles and pathologic significance
      are not entirely known.

PMID- 379414
TI  - [Experience in using prodigiozan in the overall treatment of suppurative surgical
      diseases in children].

PMID- 379415
TI  - [Simple method for a permanent hermetic jejunostomy].

PMID- 379416
TI  - [Mechanism of gallstone formation (review of the literature)].

PMID- 379417
TI  - [Iosif Lavrent'evich Bregadze (on 75th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 379418
TI  - [Changes of liver metabolism in long-term maintenance of circulation using direct
      mechanical heart massage].

PMID- 379419
TI  - [Technic in formation of invaginating esophagoenteral and esophagogastric
      anastomosis].

PMID- 379420
TI  - [Supplementary studies of chemical necretomy using a 40% salicylate unguent].

PMID- 379422
TI  - [Keratoplasty. Review of important details and difficult cases].

PMID- 379421
TI  - [Falk's technic of extranasal dacryocystorhinostomy in cases of tear duct
      stenoses (author's transl)].
AB  - The lacrimal sac is totally sacrificed and rebuilt into an accessory nasal sinus
      using the extranasal dacryocystorhinostomy in the treatment of nasolacrimal duct
      stenosis as described by Falk in 1961. Using this method, 62 patients with tear
      duct stenoses were operated in our clinic since 1959. According to etiology, the
      stenoses were in 5 cases connatal, in 17 traumatic, in 32 inflammatory and in 8
      iatrogenic. In only 4 cases (6,4%) failures were reported. - the operative
      indication has at present been expanded to include stenosis of the lower tear
      ducts (presaccal stenosis) or in cases where the lacrimal sac has been
      obliterated (saccal stenosis). In these cases the stenosis is dissected and a
      silicon tube (introduced via the tear point into the inferior lacrimal duct and
      drained into the nose) is left in position.

PMID- 379424
TI  - [Massive air embolism complicating artificial ventilation (author's transl)].
AB  - A 1740 g premature infant being treated by intermittent positive pressure
      ventilation with PEEP because of respiratory distress syndrome died from massive
      air embolism occuring in two attacks on the 14th and 16th day of life. The
      pathogenesis of systemic air embolism in neonates with respiratory distress
      syndrome is discussed and the difficulties in diagnosis as well as the importance
      of this complication regarding possible cerebral damage are considered. There is
      no conclusive information about the incidence of this serious event available at
      present.

PMID- 379423
TI  - [An outline of history, present goals and tasks of the Section of Blindness
      Prevention, Polish Ophthalmological Society (author's transl)].

PMID- 379425
TI  - Remarks to the review of L. D. Leder: "On the terms "reticulosis" and "reticulum
      cell sarcoma" with regard to the modern concept of the monocyte macrophage
      system" Klin. Wochenschr. 56, 1091--1096 (1978) the contribution of cytochemical
      tests to the study of the origin of blood monocytes.

PMID- 379426
TI  - [Circulating immune complexes in bronchogenic carcinoma: relation to extent of
      disease and to therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - In sera of 72 patients with lung cancer, 20 patients with various benign lung
      diseases and 34 age matched controls circulating immune complexes were determined
      by column chromatography on Sepharose 6 B and subsequent testing of the eluate
      for macromolecular IgG as well as by inhibition of radiolabelled C1q binding to
      sensitized sheep erythrocytes. Whereas in both control and benign lung disease
      sera complexes could be detected in less than 5%, sera of lung cancer patients
      showed macromolecular IgG in 83% and C1q reactive material in 53% at the time of
      diagnosis. Patients with metastases exhibited a significantly higher percentage
      of positive reactions than those without metastases (macromolecular IgG 93%/68%,
      C1q 71%/28%). The size of the complexes increased with the extent of disease. So
      far, no signficiant changes in circulating immune complexes could be demonstrated
      id pretherapeutic values were compared with those after X-ray-, chemo- or
      immunotherapy with one exception, which is an increase of C1q reactive material
      after radiotherapy.

PMID- 379427
TI  - [Let us provide health protection for the workers of the capital of our country,
      Moscow].

PMID- 379428
TI  - [Effect of propranolol on the gastrin concentration in the serum and on
      hydrochloric acid secretion in duodenal peptic ulcer].

PMID- 379429
TI  - [New possibilities of action on the cholinergic system in gastric and duodenal
      ulcer].

PMID- 379430
TI  - [Peloid therapy of peptic ulcer].

PMID- 379431
TI  - [Disorders of intestinal resorptive function in chronic gastrointestinal tract
      diseases and their correction].

PMID- 379432
TI  - [Immunobiological reactivity of the body under hyperbarism and hypobarism].

PMID- 379433
TI  - Effects of duration of daily illumination on reproductive organs and fertility of
      the meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus).
AB  - The objective of this study was to determine the optimum simple, constant
      photoperiod for voles in a laboratory colony. Voles from an established colony
      maintained at 22 degrees C with a photoperiod of 14:10 hours of light:dark were
      transferred at 50 days of age to a photoperiod of 12:12, 14:10, 16:8 or 18:6
      hours of light:dark. From Day 96 to Day 102, the 9--10 females per treatment
      group were paired with a male. Body and gonadal weights, spermatogenesis, ovarian
      activity and pregnancy were evaluated on Day 110. Reproductive function and body
      weight of both male and female voles maintained on a photoperiod of 16:8 exceeded
      (p less than 0.05) values for voles exposed to 12:12 hours of light:dark and
      tended to be more favorable than for voles in the 14:10 and 18:6 groups.

PMID- 379434
TI  - Perfusion fixation of the newborn opossum: equipment and techniques.
AB  - A 30-gauge cannula was used to perfuse fixative through the fragile heart of a
      newborn opossum. The cannula was gently maneuvered into the heart and held in
      place with a specially designed manipulator. The flow rate of the fixative was
      regulated with an infusion set connected to the cannula.

PMID- 379435
TI  - Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein: ultrastructural immunoperoxidase localization in rat
      kidney.
AB  - Tamm-Horsfall urinary glycoprotein (TH) is the primary constituent of urinary
      casts. The intracellular distribution of TH in normal rat kidney was determined
      by immunoelectron microscopy using horseradish peroxidase-labeled antibodies and
      compared with morphologic localization of TH by immunofluorescence and light
      immunoperoxidase microscopy. Electron microscopy revealed an intracellular
      localization of TH restricted to the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle
      (ALH). In this nephron segment, TH was distributed on and between adjacent
      intercellular membranes and infolding intracellular membranes at the base of
      these cells, within Golgi vacuoles, apical vesicles, and on the luminal
      membranes. Macula densa cells were negative, although typical ALH cells across
      the lumen of the same tubular segment were positive. Other renal segments were
      negative for intracellular TH. The unique distribution of TH is consistent with
      the known function of the ALH as the diluting segment of the nephron. We
      speculate that the aggregation and gel formation of TH on and between ALH surface
      membranes may restrict water movement across the ALH. This influence on
      permeability would be an important role for TH in the generation of concentration
      gradients for the countercurrent multiplier system of the kidney.

PMID- 379436
TI  - The effect of insulation on warm ischemia during kidney transplantation.

PMID- 379437
TI  - New technique of orthotopic en bloc transplantation of the porcine liver and duct
      ligated pancreas.

PMID- 379438
TI  - The role of lysophosphatides in cell injury.

PMID- 379440
TI  - The infected pacemaker pocket.
AB  - Between January, 1963, and September, 1978, a total of 1,789 pacemakers were
      implanted at Henry Ford Hospital. Infection at the site of implantation developed
      in 19 instances for an incidence of 1.06 percent. The most common organism
      cultured was Staphylococcus epidermidis, and conservative treatment was
      successful with these patients. In all patients with organisms other than
      Staphylococcus epidermidis, reimplantation of a new unit in a new, clean site was
      required.

PMID- 379439
TI  - Functional preservation of the mammalian kidney. V. pharmacokinetics of dimethyl
      sulfoxide (1.4M) in kidneys (rabbit and dog) perfused at 37, 25, or 10 degrees C
      followed by transplantation (dog).

PMID- 379441
TI  - Revascularization of the ischemic myocardium.

PMID- 379442
TI  - Technique of saphenous vein aorta-coronary bypass grafting.

PMID- 379443
TI  - [Value of the LH-RH test in secondary hypothalamic amenorrhea].
AB  - Forty-three patients with secondary hypothalamic amenorrhea and 17 healthy women
      in the early and late folliculin phases of the normal cycle were tested with 100
      micrograms synthetic LH-RH i. m. The LH and FSH concentration in the plasma was
      measured before and after the injection of synthetic LH-RH. The patients were
      divided into two groups, according to the degree of estrogen deficit. The basal
      concentration and maximum LH increase in the group of hypothalamic amenorrhea
      with a milder estrogen deficit proved to be significantly higher than in the
      group with a higher estrogen deficit (22.2 +/- 7.2 versus 12.7 +/- 9,3 p less
      than 0.01 and, respectively, 74.8 +/- 17.00 versus 34.4 +/- 11.2, p less than
      0.01). In healthy women with the normal cycle, the basal LH and FSH
      concentrations and the maximum increase after the LH-RH application were
      significantly higher in the late than in the early folliculin phase. The basal LH
      and FSH concentrations and their increase after the LH-RH injection appear to
      depend on the concentration of endogenous estrogens, both in normal cycle and in
      secondary hypothalamic amenorrhea.

PMID- 379446
TI  - Cancer of the breast.

PMID- 379444
TI  - [The life and work of Dr. Jovan J. Jovanovic (1870-1923). Pioneer of modern
      obstetrics and gynecology in Serbia].

PMID- 379445
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Alexander Milojkovic (1923-1978)].

PMID- 379447
TI  - Cancer of the breast. Mammography and thermography.
AB  - Quality mammography with knowledgeable interpretation is now a widely utilized
      and reliable procedure. It permits clinically occult lesions to be detected and
      clinically obvious or indeterminate lesions to be managed more intelligently.
      Abnormal mammographic signs are well defined, as are their differential
      diagnoses. Thermography of the breast is a younger science than mammography and
      must mature before its full potential can be realized. It is clear that
      thermography today cannot be considered an adequate prescreening technique to
      obviate further examination, as was once anticipated. Used in conjunction with
      physical examination and mammography it can serve to reinforce suspicions, and
      the high acceptability of the examination is an impetus to further clarify its
      role in detection.

PMID- 379448
TI  - Cancer of the breast. Epidemiology.
AB  - Though the etioolgy of mammary cancer in humans remains obscure, epidemiologic
      data, animal models and in-depth studies of patient populations are providing
      insights. The rapid progress and sophistication of these investigations promise
      to clarify with increasing precision the genetic and environmental determinants
      of risk, if not the fundamental cause. The importance of this information cannot
      be overestimated; inherent in it lies the possibility of prevention.

PMID- 379449
TI  - Cancer of the breast. Growth rates.

PMID- 379450
TI  - Cancer of the breast. Staging methods, primary treatment options and end results.
AB  - A totally satisfying concept of treatment is not easy to formulate from the
      complex and often conflicting results of local therapeutic interventions for
      breast cancer. It seems evident that clinically occult cancer is often beyond the
      pale of both resection and irradiation at primary treatment, particularly when
      cancer is found in regional lymph nodes. Despite all combinations of local
      treatment, the ultimate risk of failure correlates more closely with the stage of
      the disease at the time of treatment than with the particular form of treatment.
      Thus the extent of disease must be considered the major, perhaps the ultimate
      determinant of prognosis. Because, under controlled conditions, several
      therapeutic alternatives have appeared to provide virtually identical end results
      in terms of survival and ultimate dissemination of the disease, the adequacy of
      control within the field of treatment may, in fact, be the most meaningful end
      result of local treatment. The experience that has accumulated with treatment of
      breast cancer supports the thesis that removal of the breast accomplishes all
      that can be achieved in terms of curing the disease, and wider treatment with
      surgery or irradiation serves only to improve the prospects for local control.
      Halsted demonstrated this principle with his radical mastectomy and it still
      seems to be the case. This fact provides further impetus for detecting and
      treating cancer while it is still localized to the breast. With these
      generalizations in mind some empirical observations can be added. An anatomic
      fact is that multiple microscopic foci of cancer that are not evident clinically
      are often present in the mammary parenchyma. Undisturbed, at least some, and
      perhaps eventually all, of these foci of cancer progress to become clinical
      cancers. Thorough removal of the entire breast (the entire mammary parenchyma)
      eliminates this particular hazard and, one may presume, terminates the disease if
      it is still limited to the breast. Removal of the underlying pectoralis major
      muscle provides additional margin around the tissues primarily involved, but
      sacrific of the muscle is apparently needless unless it is directly invaded by
      cancer. Microscopic metastases are also often present in regional lymph nodes
      without being clinically detectable and, left untreated, have the capacity to
      enlarge and become clinically apparent. Routine wide removal of regional lymph
      nodes improves the control of cancer at these sites when metastases are present,
      but whether it improves the chances for cure is doubtful. The fact is that
      approximately 25 per cent of patients with axillary metastases enjoy prolonged
      survival free of recurrence, some remaining well even after thirty years (Adair
      et al., 1974). Whether they would survive as well without removal of the
      metastases is uncertain. Desease-free survival is highest if metastases are
      removed while still microscopic, but this phenomenon may simply reflect treatment
      at an earlier phase in the evolution of the disease...

PMID- 379451
TI  - Cancer of the breast. Surgical management.
AB  - We have reviewed a variety of surgical techniques for mastectomy, endocrine gland
      ablation and the management of pathologic fractures and pleural effusion. With
      their judicious use for the chronic disease of mammary cancer, many persons can
      be cured and many others can be given long periods of symptom-free survival. With
      (1) attention to proper indications and contraindications for surgery, (2)
      surgical detail and (3) good patient care, very few patients will be made worse.

PMID- 379452
TI  - Cancer of the breast. Endocrine and hormonal therapy.
AB  - Additive hormonal therapy remains the treatment of choice for disseminated breast
      cancer in postmenopausal women. Patients with hormone-dependent tumors receive
      excellent and long-lasting palliation from alterations in the hormonal milieu.
      Now that hormone receptor assays are clinically available, responses can be
      accuratedly predicted in a large percentage of cases. Tables 11--6 is a summary
      of additive hormonal therapy in postmenopausal patients. Endocrine ablative
      therapy remains of primary importance in premenopausal women because of the
      superior results, but androgens or antiestrogens may be helpful when patients are
      not surgical candidates. Castration continues to be the initial approach, with
      adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy reserved for promising candidates. In
      postmenopausal women the initial choice is estrogens. The exceptions are those
      patients with metastases limited to bone, when androgens excel because of an
      equivalent objective response and superior subjective and metabolic effects.
      Patients who respond to estrogens and then progress are observed for a rebound
      regression following the discontinuation of estrogen therapy. Whereas some who do
      not respond to androgens will respond to estrogens, the converse does not appear
      to be true (Kennedy, 1974). Currently progestins are the secondary hormonal agent
      of choice in postmenopausal women, but they may be displaced by antiestrogens as
      more data become available. In general, if a patient's tumor lacks estrogen
      receptors or the patient fails to respond to an adequate trial of endocrine or
      hormonal therapy, one should proceed directly to cytotoxic chemotherapy. A
      suggested plan for the integration of endocrine with hormonal therapy and both
      with other forms of palliation is diagrammed at the end of Chapter 12.

PMID- 379453
TI  - Cancer of the breast. Chemotherapy.

PMID- 379454
TI  - Mammary carcinoma and pregnancy.
AB  - Among premenopausal women approximately 7 per cent of newly diagnosed breast
      cancers are accompanied by pregnancy, with most patients being in the fourth
      decade of life. The prognosis of these patients, and of those whose cancers are
      diagnosed soon after pregnancy, is generally less favorable than that of
      nonpregnant females, but if age and stage of disease are comparable, pregnancy
      per se has little influence upon prognosis. Mastectomy is as effective for
      pregnant patients as for others and the chance of spontaneous abortion is small.
      Therapeutic abortion does not improve the chances for cure of patients with
      clinically localized cancer. Effective endocrine therapy or chemotherapy for
      advanced or disseminated breast cancer does require therapeutic abortion, and an
      early pregnancy is best terminated without delay. For pregnancies near term the
      decision depends greatly upon the desire of the patient for a child. Unless
      therapeutic needs are urgent, intervention can often be delayed temporarily
      without significant deterioration of the patient. Pregnancies subsequent to a
      mastectomy have little bearing upon continued well-being, and as long as the
      patient is clinically free of cancer no therapeutic benefit can be expected from
      interrupting them. A decision for future pregnancies should be individualized
      with due regard for the risk of recurrence and the desirability of completing
      one's family while still reasonably young. Progress with the treatment of breast
      cancer depends in part upon the appreciation that cancers do occur during
      pregnancy and lactation, that they are best diagnosed early and that they are
      curable. Pregnancy should neither deter a prompt diagnosis nor delay definitive
      treatment.

PMID- 379455
TI  - Cancer of the breast. Local and regional recurrence.

PMID- 379456
TI  - Cancer of the male breast.
AB  - Cancer of the male breast is infrequent but not rare. In contrast to women, men
      are generally older at its onset and present with more advanced cancers. In
      comparable circumstances, they are probably equally curable with radical surgery.
      The tumor is sensitive to irradiation and often responds to endocrine ablations,
      making the latter exceptionally useful for palliation of systemic metastases.
      Hormones and chemotherapy can also be beneficial.

PMID- 379458
TI  - Total joint arthroplasty. Historical development.

PMID- 379457
TI  - Cancer of the breast. Psychosocial factors.

PMID- 379459
TI  - An overview: soft tissue profile and surgical orthodontics.

PMID- 379460
TI  - Age associated increase of single-stranded regions in the DNA of mouse brain and
      liver cells.
AB  - The touch smears of brain cells and hepatocytes of young and senescent mice were
      stained with antibody to cytidine nucleoside by an indirect immunofluorescence
      technique and subsequently combined with fluorescence cresyl violet staining of
      DNA. Nuclear binding of the antibody which reacts only with denatured or single
      stranded regions in the DNA was seen only in the tissues of an aging animal. No
      such DNA lesion was detected in the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal
      tract at any age. This type of DNA alteration is supposed to accumulate in the
      slowly renewing and non-replenishing tissues as a function of aging. The antibody
      was found not to react with the cells in S phase as demonstrated by 3H-thymidine
      autoradiography on a smear of newborn hepatocytes after the double fluorescence
      staining with cresyl violet and anti-cytidine antibody.

PMID- 379461
TI  - Progress in cytogerontology.
AB  - The finite in vitro lifetime of cultured normal cells is interpreted to be aging
      at the cellular level. In addition to the inverse relationship between donor age
      and population doubling potential (PDP), a number of biochemical and
      physiological increments and decrements occur prior to the cessation of cell
      division. The reconstruction of replicating normal human cells from the nuclei of
      "young" cells and the cytoplasm of "old" cells (and the reverse) suggests that
      the nucleus governs PDP. Several morphological changes were found to occur in
      late phase III cells held for up to one year in culture. Autoradiography studies
      show that (1) a cell population may be composed of several subpopulations, each
      of which is at a different stage in its life history and (2) lipid synthesis is
      affected much less as cells age than is DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. Changes
      occurring in the genetic program of individual cells seem to be the most tenable
      hypothesis to explain fundamental causes of aging.

PMID- 379462
TI  - The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
AB  - The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is hypothesized to occur as a response to
      various forms of injury to the lining arterial endothelial cells. The resulting
      endothelial alterations could potentially lead to interactions between platelets
      in the circulation and the underlying subendothelial connective tissue or with
      the altered endothelial cells themselves. Such interactions provide an
      opportunity for platelet degranulation and release of a platelet-derived growth
      factor. This factor has been shown in cell culture to be an extremely potent
      mitogen and will induce DNA synthesis and cell multiplication of a number of
      cells including smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and other mesenchymally derived
      cells. Chronic endothelial injury and repeated interactions between platelet
      derived mitogens, plasma components, and the underlying arterial smooth muslce
      cells would promote the progression of the intimal proliferative lesions of
      atherosclerosis that lead to the clinical sequelae associated with this disease
      process.

PMID- 379463
TI  - Hemopoietic stem cell heterogeneity: use of cell cycle-specific drugs to look for
      age-associated alterations.
AB  - Hemopoietic tissue is vulnerable to perturbations, and data show that it is an
      appropriate tissue in which to look for age-associated alterations. This tissue
      has a high regenerative capacity, is composed of a heterogeneous population of
      stem cells that are capable of self renewal or differentiation, or both, and is
      sustained by a pool of resting cells. The heterogeneity of bone marrow has made
      characterization of the cellular elements difficult. Techniques commonly used to
      identify and quantify the various maturation levels of hemopoietic stem cells and
      the limitations of these techniques are discussed. Most techniques used to assay
      age-associated changes in bone marrow have not differentiated between specific
      cellular alterations or shifts in the distribution of the cellular elements. In
      particular, it has been difficult to determine the stability of the non-dividing
      stem cell because of the low incidence of this cell (6 per 1000) and the lack of
      a specific assay for this important cell type. The use of cell cycle-specific
      drugs has provided quantitative information on specific subpopulations of
      hemopoietic stem cells and seems to be the most promising approach towards
      determining qualitative and quantitative differences in the hemopoietic stem
      cells of young and old individuals.

PMID- 379464
TI  - Interrelations of dietary and hormonal effects in aging.
AB  - A model system is proposed which suggests that aging involves a genetically
      programmed process encoded within specific regions of the central nervous system
      and is characterized by a gradual ascendency of inhibitory over excitatory
      influences. The resulting neural suppression reduces tonic stimulation to the
      hypothalamus-pituitary-endocrine axis, the autonomic nervous system and the
      spinal cord, and promotes the secretion of inactive pituitary hormone, the
      involution of the somatic musculature (smooth, cardiac and striated) and the
      compromise of secretomotor function. Experimental observation from nutritional
      restriction studies which include the prolongation of the life-span and delays in
      reproductive and homeostatic aging, degenerative coat changes and the appearance
      of neoplasia, are considered from the perspective of this hypothesis.

PMID- 379465
TI  - Glial cells: modulators of neuronal environment.
AB  - Studies of glial cells in neural tissue culture systems suggest that glial cells
      subserve different functions during development and aging of the central nervous
      system and that they may help modulate the neuronal environment by virtue of
      their responsiveness to hormones and other intrinsic factors. There is a marked
      proliferation of glial cells during early stages of brain development, probably
      reflecting the involvement of glial cells in myelination and other growth
      processes. Studies in culture suggest that proliferation of glial cells can be
      induced by steroid hormones. The migration rate of glial cells from cerebellar
      explants of embryonic chick brain grown in organotypic culture was measured in
      control and hormone-treated explants. Treatment with cortisol, corticosterone,
      estradiol, and progesterone significantly elevated glial cell migration from the
      tissue explants. The influence of steroid hormones on glial cells may be mediated
      via a steroid intracellular mechanism. In C-6 glioma cells and in chick embryo
      dissociated brain cell cultures consisting predominantly of glial cells, 3H
      corticosterone was shown to accumulate by a saturable but non-specific retention
      mechanism. In contrast, the accumulation of 3H-corticosterone by predominantly
      neuronal cultures was both saturable and specific. Glial cells in culture exhibit
      certain age-related changes, including changes in resting membrane potentials and
      in cellular responses to hormone treatment, as measured by changes in
      incorporation of 3H-leucine into protein and incorporation of 3H-uridine into
      RNA. The possibility that glial cells in vivo may likewise exhibit differential
      responses to hormones throughout the lifespan suggests that hormones may markedly
      influence cellular aging.

PMID- 379466
TI  - Individual and institutional variables which may serve as indicators of quality
      of medical care.
AB  - This article is a critical review of empiric studies, in the medical care
      literature of the past two decades, that investigated associations between
      characteristics of physicians and medical care institutions and some measure of
      the quality of medical care given by them. The intention is to identify those
      characteristics of physicians and medical care institutions which can be
      considered the best indicators of the quality of performance to be expected,
      given the present state of knowledge. The analysis discusses 18 such
      characteristics but derives a list of 14 which appear to be the best choice of
      indicators on which further research might focus. It would be possible to design
      a survey instrument based on these characteristics, which, if upheld by empiric
      testing, could serve as a crude assessment tool for third parties needing to make
      quality comparisons between medical care institutions.

PMID- 379467
TI  - Methyl-PGE 2 in the experimental chronic gastric ulcer.

PMID- 379469
TI  - [Comparative action of hymecromone and amyl nitrite on Oddi's sphincter.
      Electronic manodebitometry study].

PMID- 379468
TI  - [Hepatic tolerance of trithioparamethoxyphenylpropene in cirrhosis].

PMID- 379470
TI  - [Spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistula: angiogammagraphic findings and computer
      analysis (author's transl)].
AB  - The case of a 74-year-old woman with a carotid-cavernous fistula is reported. She
      was admitted to hospital with oliguria and generalized edema. After improvement
      of the edematous condition she suddenly presented intense, pulsatile, frontal
      cephalea. It was more intense on the right side and was accompanied by nausea and
      vomiting and swelling of the right eye with reddening, sharp pains, difficulty of
      movement, and loss of vision. Cerebral angiogammagraphy was practiced in anterior
      posterior and right lateral view. A righ carotid-cavernous fistula was discovered
      with drainage through the superior ophthalmic vein and the deep venous system.
      The angiogammagraphic findings can be considered characteristic; it is important
      to obtain activity/time curves from various areas of interest in order to
      evaluate the degree of shunting and the pathway of drainage from the fistula.
      There was a good coorelation with the arteriographic findings. Eight cases of
      carotid-cavernous fistulas diagnosed with radionuclids have been published
      previously, though the activity/time curves were not determined by computer for
      any of them.

PMID- 379471
TI  - [Acute effects of bumetanide in healthy subjects. A comparative study with
      furosemide (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparative test on the efficacy of bumetanide and furosemide was made in ten
      healthy individuals. The effect on diuresis and urinary excretion of ions and
      metabolites after the acute oral administration of 1 mg bumetanide and 40 mg
      furosemide was observed. From the results of the experiment it can be concluded
      that the effectiveness of bumetanide is about 15 percent superior to that of
      furosemide with a later but more sustained effect. The excretion of Na and K was
      similar with both compounds but the chloruresis was more intense with furosemide.
      Although the excretion of uric acid was increased too, it was proportionally less
      than the increase of the diuresis obtained with both drugs. A noticeable increase
      of the urinary excretion of calcium caused by bumetanide stands out. The authors
      suggest its possible therapeutic usefulness in patients with hypercalcemia as
      well as its possible mechanism of action on the reabsorption of calcium. In every
      case tolerance of both drugs was good and there were no signs of toxicity or
      adverse side effects. Generally speaking the doses of 1 mg bumetanide and 40 mg
      furosemide were judged to be equally powerful.

PMID- 379472
TI  - [Determination of endotoxemia by means of the Limulus test in patients with
      septicemia (author's transl)].
AB  - The Limulus test was applied to determine bacterial endotoxemia in 42 patients
      suspected of having septicemia. Hemocultures were practiced simultaneously. A
      comparative study is made of the two presently most commonly recommended tests
      for neutralizing the factors inhibiting the endotoxin-amebocyte reaction.
      According to our results the dilution of plasma in isotonic saline solution is
      preferable; we obtained a sensitivity of determination of 0.0001 micrograms of E.
      coli endotoxin per ml of plasm. Seventeen cases of bacteriemia were diagnosed,
      only one of which with sepsis due to Serratia marcescens responded positively to
      the limulus test. The test was positive in three of the remaining 25 patients.
      Two of them had liver failure. The basic role that liver failure plays in the
      high level of endotoxin in the blood is discussed. The prognostic value of this
      test and the low correlation between bacteremia and endotoxemia are also
      commented on

PMID- 379473
TI  - Computers and medical language.
AB  - This review article presents principles and problems of automated processing of
      medical language data. Work on automated processing of information in medical
      language is surveyed. References and a bibliography are provided as an
      introduction to the field.

PMID- 379474
TI  - A computer-aided system for the diagnosis of hepato-biliary diseases. A
      comparison with the performance of physicians.
AB  - A computer-aided system has been developed for the diagnosis of disease of the
      liver and biliary system. The program is based on the use of 30 indicants, all of
      which are available within six hours after patient's admission: 18 of them are
      clinical signs, 12 are laboratory parameters including routine liver-function
      tests. To date, the program concerns 52 hepato-biliary diseases. From the
      analysis of the 30 items collected in any patient, the diagnoses are computed
      according to Bayes' theorem and printed by decreasing order of probability. The
      performance of the program was tested using records of patients with fully proven
      diagnosis. The first diagnosis given by the computer was correct in 57 per cent
      of the cases. In 80 per cent, the right diagnosis was among the first four
      proposed. When the performance of the model was compared to that of physicians,
      the number of correct answers was roughly the same for the computer and for the
      specialists in hepatology; in contrast, the computer's responses were far better
      than those of general practitioners. These results demonstrate the efficiency of
      the program for the diagnosis of hepato-bilitary diseases and its potential
      interest for helping clinicians in decision-making.

PMID- 379475
TI  - [Urinary tract infections in kidney transplant patients].

PMID- 379476
TI  - [Anaerobic infections in surgical patients].

PMID- 379477
TI  - [Infrared contact coagulation. Clinical application in liver and spleen (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Infrared-contact-coagulation is a new principle for hemostasis of bleeding
      parenchyma and was used in 33 patients with 41 bleeding surfaces, 22 in the
      liver, 19 in the spleen. Hemostasis was achieved in all but three deep
      lacerations without further complications. Accidental bleeding, biopsy, and
      resection were the main indications; biopsy and partial resection of the spleen
      was achieved.

PMID- 379478
TI  - [The 80th anniversary of Professor L.B. Seiferth, Cologne].

PMID- 379479
TI  - [First experiences with voice-rehabilitative laryngectomy, as described by
      Staffieri and Amatsu (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on six cases of tracheo-esophageal shunt-operations as described by
      Staffieri, and four cases operated according to Amatsu. Both methods hold in
      common the construction of a slit-like anastomosis between trachea and
      hypopharynx, respectively upper esophagus. According to Staffieri the anastomosis
      is made towards the hypopharynx, according to Amatsu towards the upper esophagus.
      Advantages of the Amatsu-method, as compared to the Staffieri-method, are as
      follows: 1. no additional hypopharynx-mucosa is required to establish the shunt.
      Therefore, it is also suited for tumors with loss of pharynx-mucosa, 2. when
      constructing the anastomosis, mucosa of esophagus, and of trachea, is directly
      and seamlessly connected so that no granulations or polyps can develop, 3. voice
      and speech is learned earlier, 4. less aspiration. Both methods have the
      following disadvantages: 1. for voice-production, the tracheostoma has to be
      occluded with a finger, 2. a certain amount of aspiration must always be reckoned
      with, though, up to now, no patient asked for an occlusion of the fistula. At the
      time being, we are recommending the shunt-method to those patients only who
      expressly ask for it because of the possibility of early voice-production, and a
      better quality of speech. Or we recommend it to such patients as would otherwise
      not consent to laryngectomy.

PMID- 379480
TI  - [Cochlear implant with multi-electrodes without opening the labyrinthine space
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 379481
TI  - Unusual uses of the deltopectoral flap.
AB  - For the past decade the deltopectoral flap has become the premier reconstructive
      tool in oncologic head and neck surgery. It has achieved a level of reliability
      that has not been approached by any other single flap. Its most common
      application has been replacement of lost skin either from planned surgical
      resection or necrosis following ablative surgery. This paper illustrates a few
      unusual clinical settings in which the deltopectoral flap was used instead of
      other conventional methods: 1. Use of the same delopectoral flap in two different
      locations. 2. Employment of the base of the deltopectoral tube for skin coverage.
      3. Successful application of bilateral simultaneous deltopectoral flaps. 4. Three
      stage reconstruction of the cervical esophagus in a tenuous metabolic setting. 5.
      Two-stage technique for soft palate replacement. 6. An alteration of the design
      of the conventional deltopectoral flap because of an upper pectoral abscess.

PMID- 379482
TI  - The postauricular flap in helical injuries.

PMID- 379483
TI  - [Discovery of an, as yet unknown, document on an unsuccessful attempt to found a
      medical society in Zagreb in 1861 (author's transl)].

PMID- 379484
TI  - Renin: multiple forms and prohormones.

PMID- 379485
TI  - The oxoglutarate reductive carboxylation pathway: a review.

PMID- 379486
TI  - [Radioimmunological determination of the concentration of parathyroid hormone in
      the blood serum].

PMID- 379487
TI  - [On the 60th birthday of N. Ia. Mil'man].

PMID- 379488
TI  - [Laser indicator of immunological reactions].
AB  - The instrument described was designed for measurement of the scattered light
      integral intensity; the light is scattered within a volume where immunologic
      reaction takes place. Operation speed and sensitivity are the merits of this
      instrument, as compared to standard ways of the immunologic reactions
      observation.

PMID- 379489
TI  - [Television device for determining the geometrical characteristics of biological
      objects].

PMID- 379490
TI  - [Device for stabilizing the temperature regimen of a biological medium being
      studied].

PMID- 379491
TI  - [Attachment for stereoroentgenogrammetric photography].
AB  - Construction and operation principles of an automated stereoradiographic set and
      a stereoradiocomparator with a portable digital computer are described. This
      technique, when used for radiotopometric purposes, allows rapid determination of
      precise quantitative data in clinical conditions about internal structure of
      organism.

PMID- 379492
TI  - [International cooperation in the development and manufacture of medical
      equipment (on the 30th anniversary of Comecon)].

PMID- 379493
TI  - [Post-therapeutic evolution of patients presenting an immunological suspicion of
      trypanosomiasis without parasitological proof in support of it (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The authors have recently preconised systematic treatment of every human being
      who is fluorescent positive. The evolution of antibodies of 26 subjects
      parasitologically negative and positive only in FAT test is described here after
      treatment with Arsobal. Statistically the antibodies decrease progressively like
      antibodies of Sleeping Sickness patients of first period usually did. Therefore
      it is possible to conclude that immunological suspects who were treated were
      realy sick and rightly cured.

PMID- 379495
TI  - [Membrane filter and exfoliative cytology].

PMID- 379494
TI  - [Value of indirect immunofluorescence test in the diagnosis and prognosis of
      intestinal and extra-intestinal amoebiasis in endemic areas (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparative study of 108 patients with patient amoebiasis and a reference group
      of 85 free of the disease but living in endemic area. The positivity of the test
      has been more frequent and has given higher titers in the extra-intestinal forms
      than in the intestinal ones. The positivity rate in the reference group has been
      15 per 100.

PMID- 379496
TI  - [Variations in sutures in kidney surgery].

PMID- 379497
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of peptic ulcer. Clinical report with double-blind study].

PMID- 379499
TI  - Large- and small-scale preparations of yeast mitochondria.

PMID- 379498
TI  - Preparation of yeast mitochondria (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with good P/O and
      respiratory control ratios.

PMID- 379500
TI  - Techniques for measurement of oxidative phosphorylation in intact bacteria and in
      membrane preparations of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 379501
TI  - ATP-Pi exchange preparation from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 379502
TI  - Ionophores.

PMID- 379503
TI  - Purification and use of colicins as probes to study energy transduction in
      Escherichia coli and derived membrane vesicles.

PMID- 379504
TI  - The use of K+ diffusion gradients to support transport by Escherichia coli
      membrane vesicles.

PMID- 379505
TI  - Isolation and characterization of mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 affected in
      oxidative phosphorylation of quinone biosynthesis.

PMID- 379506
TI  - Temperature-sensitive mutations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with defects in
      mitochondrial function.

PMID- 379507
TI  - Segregation of mitochondrial markers in yeast.

PMID- 379508
TI  - Yeast petite mutants for DNA gene amplification.

PMID- 379509
TI  - Yeast versus mammalian mitochondrial protein synthesis.

PMID- 379510
TI  - Biochemical methods to locate genes on the physical map of yeast mitochondrial
      DNA.

PMID- 379511
TI  - The use of antibiotics to study mitochondrial protein synthesis.

PMID- 379512
TI  - An overview of mitochondrial nucleic acids and biogenesis.

PMID- 379513
TI  - Energization of solute transport in membrane vesicles from anaerobically grown
      bacteria.

PMID- 379514
TI  - Transport of iron into bacterial cells.

PMID- 379515
TI  - Purification of an atractyloside-binding protein related to the ADP/ATP transport
      system in yeast mitochondria.

PMID- 379516
TI  - The use of heme-deficient mutants to investigate mitochondrial function and
      biogenesis in yeast.

PMID- 379517
TI  - Modification of yeast mitochondria by diet in specific mutants.

PMID- 379518
TI  - Analysis of products of mitochondrial protein synthesis in yeast: genetic and
      biochemical aspects.

PMID- 379519
TI  - Computer reconstruction of mitochondria from yeast.

PMID- 379520
TI  - Pleiotropic effects of initiation factor IF-1.

PMID- 379521
TI  - Isolation and purification of initiation factor IF-2 from 200,000 g postribosomal
      supernatant of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 379523
TI  - Assays for investigating the regulation of Met-tRNAf binding activity.

PMID- 379522
TI  - Qualitative and semiquantitative assay of Escherichia coli translational
      initiation factor IF-3.

PMID- 379524
TI  - Purification of protein synthesis initiation factors IF-1, IF-2, and IF-3 from
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 379526
TI  - Ribosome binding sites from prokaryotic mRNA synthesized in vitro.

PMID- 379525
TI  - Prokaryotic ribosome binding sites.

PMID- 379527
TI  - Binding of messenger RNA in initiation of prokaryotic translation.

PMID- 379528
TI  - The binding site of IF-3 in MS2 RNA.

PMID- 379529
TI  - Purification of ribosomal protein S1 and physical tests of its homogeneity.

PMID- 379530
TI  - Function of the ribosomal protein S1 in initiation and elongation of bacterial
      protein synthesis.

PMID- 379531
TI  - Function of ribosomal protein S1 in the assembly of the 30 S initiation complex.

PMID- 379532
TI  - Isolation and properties of ribosomal protein S1 and the role of S1 in
      initiation.

PMID- 379533
TI  - Isolation of Escherichia coli 30 S ribosomal protein S1 by poly(rC)-cellulose
      chromatography.

PMID- 379534
TI  - Initiation of protein synthesis in eukaryotic systems with native 40 S ribosomal
      subunits: effects of translation inhibitors.

PMID- 379535
TI  - Isolation of the protein synthesis elongation factors EF-Tu, EF-Ts, and EF-G from
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 379536
TI  - Isolation of physically and enzymically homogeneous Escherichia coli elongation
      factor G.

PMID- 379537
TI  - Enzymic binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to Escherichia coli ribosomes using modified
      tRNA species and tRNA fragments.

PMID- 379538
TI  - Qbeta RNA replicase and protein synthesis elongation factors EF-Tu and EF-Ts.

PMID- 379539
TI  - Separation and characterization of yeast elongation factors.

PMID- 379540
TI  - Translation of matrix-bound polyuridylic acid by Escherichia coli ribosomes
      (solid-phase translation system).

PMID- 379541
TI  - Elongation factor G-promoted translocation and polypeptide elongation in
      ribosomes without GTP cleavage: use of columns with matrix-bound polyuridylic
      acid.

PMID- 379542
TI  - Fusion of mitochondria with protoplasts in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 379543
TI  - The genetic map of transfer RNA genes of yeast mitochondria: correction and
      extension.
AB  - Ninety five rho- mitochondrial DNA's of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were compared
      for their deletion structure by means of 15 genetic markers and 22 tRNA genes.
      The patterns of co-deletion and co-retention of different tRNA genes allowed us
      to determine their positions with respect to each other. The deduced order of
      tRNA genes was consistent with the order of the genetic markers established by
      independent genetic approaches. Our previously proposed mitochondrial tRNA gene
      map has been revised and extended. Transfer RNA genes, corresponding to all 20
      aminoacids, and two isoacceptor tRNA genes were localized. The possible position
      of each tRNA gene has been indicated on the physical map of mitochondrial DNA.
      Seventeen tRNA genes are carried by a narrow region representing less than 20% of
      the wild type genome.

PMID- 379544
TI  - Isolation and properties of a plasmid which expresses the E. coli Su+7 amber
      suppressor tRNA gene.
AB  - The gene of the amber suppressor tRNA derived from tRNATry, Su+7, has been
      inserted into a col E1-derived vehicle by selecting for its expression. Despite
      selection for a suppressor phenotype, and the plasmid's stable presence at ca.
      180 copies cell during balanced growth, the level mature tRNA maintained by the
      gene is less than that of the normal haploid tRNATry locus in the bacterial
      chromosome. Transfer RNA genes, both the plasmid Su+7 gene and chromosomal tRNA's
      are expressed during inhibition of protein synthesis. During, e.g.
      chloramphenicol inhibition, Su-7 and Su+7 tRNA can be elevated similarly in the
      plasmid-containing cell; Su+7 reaches levels of molecules/cell which ordinarily
      characterize a major tRNA. The recombinant plasmid, but not the cloning vehicle
      alone, has a more general effect on tRNA levels; accumulation of tRNA from three
      chromosomal tRNA loci including tRNATry, continues during extensive isoleucine
      limitation. The plasmid therefore contains a locus which probably alters the
      relaxed-stringent circuit, whose effect is disseminated to at least 3 widely
      separated loci.

PMID- 379545
TI  - The structure of the DNA containing the E. coli tRNATry gene.
AB  - Using the pMB9 recombinant plasmid pMY3, which contains a functional gene for the
      tRNATry mutant Su+7, the EcoRI fragment containing the tRNATry gene is mapped and
      oriented with respect to the HindIII site in the tetracycline region of pMB9.
      Complete HpaII and HaeIII maps of the EcoRI fragment are derived. The Su+7 tRNA
      gene is placed by hybridization to these fragments, and the tRNA gene is oriented
      by using the restriction sites for HinfI, TaqI, and HpaII in the tRNA gene
      itself. A tRNAAsp gene is shown to lie adjacent to tRNATry, and is also placed
      and oriented in the map. The RI fragment itself originates in a locus adjacent
      to, and transcribed in the same direction as, the ribosomal RNA genes of phi
      80d3. The implications of the structure of the cloned DNA for its previously
      measured regulatory and tRNA gene activities are discussed. In particular, the
      effect on the regulation of RNA synthesis is attributable to an E. coli DNA
      sequence, but cannot be due to the presence of a normal tRNA promoter on the
      plasmid.

PMID- 379546
TI  - Relaxation of stable RNA synthesis by a plasmid-borne locus.
AB  - The plasmid pMY3, which was constructed so as to express the Su+7 amber
      suppressor tRNA gene, also relaxes control of stable RNA synthesis in stringent
      cells. The relaxation is not growth medium or strain-dependent and does not occur
      in the presence of the vehicle alone. When expression of the effective sequence
      is diminished, in a lysogen of phi 80d3 ilv+Su+7, the sequence no longer affects
      RNA synthesis. The relaxation is general, extending to all or almost all tRNA
      loci, including tRNAs located in the ribosomal spacer regions, and to all
      ribosomal RNAs. Relaxed plasmid-carrying strains are still able to elevate
      guanosine tetra- and penta-phosphate levels in response to amino acid starvation,
      but steady state levels are somewhat diminished. Aminoacyl-tRNA falls to control
      levels when the plasmid-carrying strain is deprived of amino acid. Therefore, the
      relaxed strain perceives amino acid starvation, but does not respond normally.
      These properties define a novel locus which relaxes stringent control.

PMID- 379547
TI  - Studies of a plasmid coding for tetracycline resistance and hydrogen sulfide
      production incompatible with the prophage P1.
AB  - The plasmid pIP231, determining tetracycline resistance and hydrogen sulfide
      production is shown to belong to incompatibility group Y and to code for a
      restriction and modification system. Unlike the IncY plasmids, P7 and P15B,
      plasmid pIP231 shows only little genetic and physical homology with P1 prophage.

PMID- 379549
TI  - Cytoduction: a tool for mitochondrial genetic studies in yeast. Utilization of
      the nuclear-fusion mutation kar 1-1 for transfer of drug r and mit genomes in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 379548
TI  - Nuclear mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae which increase the spontaneous
      mutation frequency in mitochondrial DNA.
AB  - Fourteen mutants have been identified in which the frequency of spontaneous
      mutations in mitochondrial DNA is increased. As well as increasing the frequency
      of mutations to resistance to erythromycin, oligomycin and spiramycin, all the
      mutants also show changes in the frequency of spontaneous petite induction. None
      of the mutants has any effect on the frequency of spontaneous nuclear mutations.
      Nine of the mutants are in one complementation group and five are in another. The
      phenotype of both groups is caused by a single nuclear mutation.

PMID- 379550
TI  - Genetic analysis of an osmotic sensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant.
AB  - The genetic analysis of VY1160 sorbitol dependent, osmotic sensitive yeast mutant
      led to the identification of three different nuclear recessive mutations. Two of
      them, designated sorb- and ts1 are closely linked to one another. The mutation
      sorb- determines the lysis, while the mutation ts1 increases the ability for
      lysis of the sorbitol dependent cells. The third mutation ts2 segregates
      independently from the other two and confers the sensitivity of VY1160 mutant
      cells towards rifampicin.

PMID- 379551
TI  - Alterations of lipid metabolism in mice injected with endotoxin.
AB  - Some alterations in lipid metabolism in mice were observed by the intraperitoneal
      injection of endotoxin from Salmonella typhimurium. The content of serum
      triglyceride increased markedly in poisoned mice 16-24 hr postintoxication. The
      level of free fatty acid (FFA) in the serum of endotoxin-administered mice
      decreased in inverse proportion to an increase in the injected dose of endotoxin.
      The electrophoretic analysis of the serum lipoprotein on cellulose acetate
      membrane showed that pre beta-lipoprotein increased markedly and that FFA
      fraction in the poisoned mice sera disappeared 18 hr postintoxication. The
      activity of hormone-sensitive lipase in adipose tissue was elevated appreciably 2
      hr after injection, but decreased more significantly after 18 hr than that in
      fasted control mice. On the other hand, the activity of lipoprotein lipase
      decreased in the post-heparin serum and adipose tissue 3 hr postintoxication, and
      decreased significantly after 16 hr. There were no significant differences
      between changes in the formation of active glycerol (alpha-GP) and in the
      activity of alpha glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPDH) in the mice liver
      with or without administration of endotoxin, and after 16 hr levels of both
      hepatic alpha-GP content and alpha-GPDH activity in poisoned mice showed a
      tendency to be slightly lower than those in fasted control mice.

PMID- 379553
TI  - The High River Institute: a theoretical approach to carcinogenesis.

PMID- 379552
TI  - [Survival rate of Escherichia coli B bacteriophage T2 and Escherichia coli K 12
      bacteriophage MS2 in dialysis and storage].

PMID- 379554
TI  - Microsomal aspects of carcinogenesis and neoplasia.
AB  - Neither immunologic nor genetic concepts of carcinogenesis have yet been
      decisively confirmed, and epigenetic theories, as formulated so far, are either
      non-predictive or insufficiently consistent with morphologic and experimental
      evidence. Computing data, concerned with carcinogenic mechanisms and neoplastic
      changes at the level of the endoplasmic reticulum, may lead to a new coherent
      understanding of tumor pathogenesis. Carcinogenic agents initiate biophysical
      perturbations, chemical alterations and conformational transitions in the
      membrane lattice of the endoplasmic reticulum. Foremost among the resulting
      neoplastic changes is an increased, irreversible separation of polyribosomes from
      membranes of the ergastoplasm. The carcinogenic process, apparently, deletes a
      protein required for polysome attachment. Since microsomal cytochromes can be
      synthesized by membrane-bound polysomes only, the translation of genetic
      information for their biosynthesis is irreversibly restricted. A similar, self
      perpetuating deficiency may be postulated for the polysome attachment protein.
      Activities, depending on cytochromes P-450 and b5, are hampered, e.g. those of
      the monoxygenase system. Cholesterogenesis is derepressed. Ratios of
      phospholipids/cholesterol are decreased, and lipid-protein complexes, altered
      both in structure and function. Another distinct effect of the membrane-polysome
      separation is the unmasking of thiol-disulfide exchange enzymes which, in turn,
      stimulate the biosyntehsis of proteins and of deoxyribonucleotides involved in
      cell replication.

PMID- 379555
TI  - Ovarian function and the immune system.
AB  - A hypothesis is presented on the interaction between the immune system and ovary
      in the regulation of the reproductive system and in the origin of some of its
      disorders. It has been suggested that the beginning, duration and age dependent
      failure of ovarian ovulatory function depends among other things on the adequate
      relationship between the immune system and approriate ovarian target structures.
      The cyclicity of ovarian function is considered to be primarily dependent on the
      induction of a specific cyclic immune response to the ovary. Similarly, the
      selection of a species-specific number of ovulating follicles during sexual
      maturity is thought to be ensured by immune mechanisms. This hypothesis, on the
      role of the immune system in regulation of ovulatory ovarian function respects
      the physiological effect of gonadotropins and steroids on the ovarian structures.
      The interaction between the ovary and the hypothalamus-pituitary system appears
      to be modulated by the relationship between the ovary and the immune system.

PMID- 379556
TI  - The possible role of hypertension in aggravating hemolytic episodes in G-6PD
      deficient persons.
AB  - Approximately 13 percent of American Negro males carry a mutant [A-variant]
      glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme in their red blood cells that
      predisposes them to hemolytic episodes following exposure to oxidant drugs such
      as primaquine. Most hemolytic episodes to standard prophylactic treatment are
      mild and self-limited, but as many as 2 percent of Negro males develop severe
      hemolysis when similarly treated. The exaggerated response may be due in part to
      the combination of G-6-PD deficiency and hypertension since hypertension can
      cause red cell fragmentation, and the stressed cells of G-6-PD deficient person
      would be more sensitive to such fragmentation.

PMID- 379557
TI  - A simple immunological method for differential determination of serum glutamic
      oxaloacetic transaminase isoenzymes. (I) Using anti-human-GOT antibody.

PMID- 379558
TI  - A simple immunological method for differential determination of serum glutamic
      oxaloacetic transaminase isoenzymes. (II) Using anti-pig-GOT antibody.

PMID- 379559
TI  - Secretory function of pancreatic beta cell during insulin-induced hypoglycemia
      evaluated by C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) determination.

PMID- 379560
TI  - [Prostaglandins. 1: Biochemical principles and physiological significance].

PMID- 379561
TI  - [Prostaglandins. 2: Effect on several organ systems and clinical significance].

PMID- 379562
TI  - [Contribution to the clinicopharmacological fundamentals of the orthostasis
      syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - We have carried out therapeutic trials in 20 orthostatic patients (ages ranging
      between 20 and 35 years) with unequivocal signs of a static-labile circulatory
      disturbance. The test programme was used three days per week over a three-week
      period (medication of Amphodyn-retard). The test programme consisted of
      measurements of the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the pulse pressure and
      the pulse rate at one-minute intervals during a resting, loading (standing) and
      recovery phase, each covering seven minutes; further measurements of the flicker
      fusion threshold (FFT) in each case in the 3rd and 4th minute in each of the
      three study phases. Compensation of disturbances of orthostatic regulation was
      observed as a result of the treatment: Unchanged systolic and diastolic blood
      pressure during loading, narrowing of the pulse pressure did not occur, and the
      pulse rate increased only slightly. There was an increase in the flicker fusion
      threshold as an expression of the stabilization which was slightly significant.
      The associated subjective symptoms improved.

PMID- 379563
TI  - [Directional Doppler sonography in cardiology].

PMID- 379564
TI  - [The electrocardiogram during ergometric work. Execution, evaluation and
      diagnostic significance in coronary heart disease].

PMID- 379565
TI  - A nasal decongestant and a local anesthetic for weight control?

PMID- 379566
TI  - [Basic types of functioning of parasitic systems in natural foci infections].

PMID- 379568
TI  - [On the 80th anniversary of the birth of Polina Andreevna Petrishcheva (1899-
      1973)].

PMID- 379567
TI  - [Experience in using the indirect hemagglutination reaction for the diagnosis of
      trichinelliasis].

PMID- 379569
TI  - Computerized system for the measurement of gallstone volume, in vivo.
AB  - Instrumentation and methodology for the determination of gallstone volume from
      standard roentgenographic views have been developed. Evaluation of size is made
      by using video viewing, an operator-set electronic window, intercept registers,
      and the programming of a PDP/8E for handling the data. The programming makes
      corrections for geometric factors arising from anatomical variations, corrections
      for variations in technique, roentgenographic magnification, and provides for the
      use of several roentgenographic views. The precision of the measuring (video)
      technique is approximately 0.5 mm as measured on the roentgenogram. Estimates and
      test data indicate that this system should be capable of an absolute accuracy
      within 10% of the true volume.

PMID- 379571
TI  - Genome comparison in yeast systematics: delimitation of species within the genera
      Schwanniomyces, Saccharomyces, Debaryomyces, and Pichia.

PMID- 379570
TI  - Anatomy and chemistry of spirochetes.

PMID- 379573
TI  - Genetic regulation of penicillinase synthesis in Gram-positive bacteria.

PMID- 379574
TI  - Role of macrophages in natural resistance to virus infections.

PMID- 379572
TI  - Iron and infection.

PMID- 379575
TI  - Serological responses to antigens of Bacteroidaceae.

PMID- 379579
TI  - [Spontaneous elimination of a foreign body (grass seed) from the respiratory
      airways via the thoracic wall].

PMID- 379576
TI  - The search for guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp) and other unusual nucleotides in
      eucaryotes.

PMID- 379580
TI  - [Miconazole in pediatrics. Preliminary study of 6 cases].

PMID- 379578
TI  - Microbial cooxidations involving hydrocarbons.

PMID- 379582
TI  - [Menstrual anomalies of the post-menarchial period].

PMID- 379581
TI  - [Platelet aggregation inhibitors. Their possible use in pediatric pathology].

PMID- 379577
TI  - Growth inhibition as a consequence of antagonism between related amino acids:
      effect of valine in Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 379583
TI  - [Cyproterone acetate in the therapy of precocious puberty. Clinical data and
      hormonal findings].

PMID- 379584
TI  - [A new indirect hemagglutination test in the determination of anti-toxoplasma
      antibodies].

PMID- 379585
TI  - [Vesico-ureteral reflux in childhood. Case studies].

PMID- 379586
TI  - [Neonatal hyperthyroidism. Description of a case and brief review of the
      literature].

PMID- 379588
TI  - HCFA may adjust CT payments.

PMID- 379587
TI  - Shop for lower premium rate.

PMID- 379589
TI  - Must convince HEW to trim SHUR.

PMID- 379591
TI  - Biosynthesis of pullulanase, an outer membrane enzyme in Klebsiella. Differential
      effect of translation and transcription inhibitors on synthesis of enzymes in
      cytoplasm, periplasm, cytoplasmic and outer membrane.

PMID- 379590
TI  - Studies of antigen-RNA and immunity.

PMID- 379592
TI  - Gene activation during immune reaction.
AB  - In cell-free systems the addition of antigen stimulates the synthesis of
      informational RNA (i-RNA) which exhibits the following properties: It codes for
      the entire antibody molecule, it codes for the synthesis of regulator protein
      which initiates transcription of i-RNA with the correspondent informational
      content from DNA, it is a template for an an i-RNA dependent RNA polymerase, it
      is a template for an i-RNA dependent reverse transcriptase. The i-RNA may exist
      in a state of latency in cells. The product of reverse transcription of i-RNA is
      i-DNA which can be used to transcribe further i-RNA of the same specificity.
      Similar to i-DNA is an extracellular DNA which codes also for antibody and from
      which i-RNA can be transcribed. The data presented are summarized in a scheme of
      the flow of information during immunological reactions. It could be shown that
      there exist three different types of extrachromosomally synthesized molecules--i
      RNA, i-DNA and extracellular DNA--which bear immunological specific information.
      These extrachromosomal states of information may be relevant for the generation
      of antibody diversity.

PMID- 379593
TI  - Isolation and binding properties of leucyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli
      MRE 600.
AB  - A procedure for the large-scale isolation of leucyl-tRNA synthetase from E. cole
      MRE 600 is described: The enzyme was purified about 320-fold to homogeneity by
      precipitation with cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide, two consecutive
      chromatographies on DEAE-cellulose and three on hydroxyapatite with an over-all
      yield of 4%. The molecular weight of leucyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli MRE 600
      was found to be 99 000 daltons. Bindings studies by ultracentrifugation and
      equilibrium partition showed that the enzyme binds leucine, leucyl-adenylate and
      tRNA Leu, each in a 1 : 1 stoichiometry. For ATP only a very weak binding to the
      enzyme could be observed, which did not allow the evaluation of the complex
      stoichiometry. The presence of ATP was not required for the binding of leucine or
      tRNA to leucyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli MRE 600.

PMID- 379594
TI  - Messenger ribonucleoprotein complexes in avian erythroblasts: carriers of post
      transcriptional regulation?

PMID- 379596
TI  - Messenger ribonucleoproteins (informosomes) and RNA-binding proteins.
AB  - Messenger ribonucleoproteins, first discovered in 1964 in our laboratory as free
      mRNA-containing particles of fish embryo cytoplasm and designated as
      informosomes, proved to have a universal occurrence in eukaryotic cells.
      Messenger ribonucleoproteins of different intracellular localization such as free
      cytoplasmic non-translatable informosomes, translatable messenger
      ribonucleoproteins in polyribosomes and nuclear pre-mRNA-containing particles are
      characterized by a number of features common for all of them. However, the
      transport from the nucleus into the cytoplasm as well as the transition from the
      free non-translatable state into the polyribosome-bound translatable state are
      accompanied by essential changes in the protein moiety of the particles. The
      existence of free RNA-binding proteins in eukaryotic cells has also been shown.
      These proteins seem to represent a pool for the formation of messenger
      ribonucleoproteins (informosomes). It has recently been demonstrated that the
      eukaryotic translation factors and, in particular, both the elongation factors
      and some initiation factors are among the cytoplasmic RNA-binding proteins. It is
      suggested that the mRNA in eukaryotic cells at different stages of its life time
      carries on itself the proteins which are required for its own biogenesis,
      processing and transport (nuclear informosomes), for its existence in a
      temporarily inactive state (free cytoplasmic informosomes) and for its
      functioning as a template (polyribosomal informosomes): omnia mea mecum porto.

PMID- 379597
TI  - [Immunogenic DNA of Shigella sonnei bacteriophage].
AB  - Immunogenic and some other properties of Sh, sonnei "Ufa" phage DNA were
      investigated. This DNA has been shown to possess high immunogenic activity
      indicating the presence of an unusual base. The base is distinct from 5-OmC,
      glucosylated 5-OmC, 5-OmU or dihydroxypentyluracil. The phage DNA is double
      stranded and has the molecular weight of 1.11.10(8) daltons and Tm=85.5 degrees
      C. Base sequences common with T4 DNA have been found using the competition DNA
      DNA hybridization technique. Experiments on cross neutralization of intact phage
      with the corresponding antisera confirm the existence of common antigenic
      determinants in T4 and Sh, sonnei "Ufa" phage particles.

PMID- 379598
TI  - [Substrate specificity of E. coli glutamate decarboxylase].
AB  - Interaction of highly purified E. coli glutamate decarboxylase with a number
      substrate analogs was studied. Decarboxylation of the following amino acids was
      demonstrated: gamma-methylene glutamate, threo-beta-hydroxyglutamate, allo-gamma
      hydroxyglutamate, threo-beta-methylglutamate, homocysteate, aminoadipate and
      cysteinesulfinate. The Km and either Ki or I50 values were determined for these
      compounds. The final products of the interaction of glutamate decarboxylase with
      these analogs have the same absorption spectra and capacity for reactivation by
      pyridoxal-P, as has the pyridoxamine-P form of the enzyme. Thus, decarboxylation
      of all the amino acids, mentioned above, was probably associated with the side
      reaction of transamination to coenzyme in the active center. Binding of aliphatic
      dicarboxylic acids or of valeric acid by glutamate decarboxylase leads to a
      slight shift of absorption spectra and of circular dichroism spectra from 420 to
      423--425 nm. The following compounds fail to be bound and decarboxylated by the
      enzyme: gamma-aminobutyrate, D-glutamate, L-glutamine, 3,3-dimethylglutarate,
      methioninesulfone, methioninesulfoxide, norvaline, gamma-hydroxy-gamma
      methylglutamate, erytro-beta-methylglutamate and erythro-beta-hydroxyglutamate.

PMID- 379599
TI  - [Methylation of E. coli RNA polymerase with dimethylsulfate].
AB  - DNA dependent RNA polymerase from E. coli was methylated with dimethylsulfate.
      After the methylation the enzymatic activity was lost. Addition of two methyl
      groups per enzyme monomer completely inactivated enzyme with respect to RNA
      synthesis but couldn't prevent enzyme binding to DNA. Methylated enzyme was able
      to form tight complexes with DNA and to compete with the native enzyme for the
      formation of rifampicin resistant complex with DNA. The ratio of the binding
      constants of the native and methylated enzymes to DNA was determined to be equal
      to 3. Methylated enzyme was not able to form the first phosphodiester bound as
      revealed from pyrophosphate exchange reaction studies.

PMID- 379595
TI  - On pre-messenger RNA and transcriptions. A review.
AB  - From the present review integrating old and new data emerge a few principles of
      gene expression in eukaryotes, and an infinite variety of possible mechanistic
      details generating the overal pattern. The few principles, most of which are not
      fundamentally new, may thus be summarized. 1) The eukaryotic genome is subdivided
      into transcriptional units: into transcriptons which are subject to individual
      activation controlled at DNA level. 2) Viral genomes may contain one or a few
      transcriptons, while cells of multicellular organisms contain from 3 x 10(3) in
      diptera up to an estimated 2 x 10(5) in birds and mammals. 3) Transcriptons may
      include one or several coding sequences. 4) Transcriptons vary considerably in
      size: in mammals and birds their size spectrum falls into the 2,000 to 20,000 bp
      range. 5) Units of coding information constituting one message (genes) and,
      possibly, units of regulative information are frequently broken up and stored
      within the transcripton in sub-genic blocks (of so far unknown significance) in
      general located at a certain distance from the 5' and 3' transcript terminals
      which are determined by the promotor and terminator signals. 6) The gene, in its
      specific definition as the functional unit underlying the phenotype, is in
      general constituted posttranscriptionally by the processing mechanisms from the
      mosaic of its genomic subunits in the transcripton; segments of coding, service
      and regulative sequences are recombined within themselves and with each other,
      polygenic transcripts separate into their unit messages. 7) Activated
      transcriptons produce pre-mRNA; these primary transcripts are colinear with the
      DNA of the transcriptional unit. 8) Primary pre-mRNA is processed into secondary
      pre-mRNA's by extragenic cleavage and intragenic ("splicing") processing, giving
      rise stepwise to functional mRNA. During this process chemical modifications as
      methylation, 5'-terminal capping and 3'-terminal polyadenylation take place. 9)
      Translation yields either potentially functional polypeptides or polycistronic
      polyproteins subject to further processing. 10) Processing is a regulated
      process; it involves many of the possible phases and mechanisms of post
      transcriptional regulation (cf. 39, 40).

PMID- 379601
TI  - [Effects of temperature on the parameters of the DNA double helix in solution].

PMID- 379600
TI  - [Conformational transition of DNA within the B-family as revealed by anisotropy
      circular dichroism].
AB  - The native T2 DNA in solutions with different LiCl concentrations was oriented by
      pumping through a capillary device similar to that described in rf. 1. The change
      of the parallel, deltaepsilon parallel, and perpendicular, 2 delta epsilon
      perpendicular, components of circular dichroism tensor was studied as a function
      of salt concentration. Positive (delta epsilon parallel 280) and negative (2
      delta epsilon perpendicular 280) components were shown to increase in absolute
      magnitude, so that there was a monotonous drop in the longwave band magnitude of
      the isotropic delta epsilon 280 as a result of compensation; the shortwave band
      magnitude of the isotopic delta 245 and its anisotropic components were constant.
      It is proposed that while the helix is winding as a result of LiCl rise
      progressive tilting of base pairs takes place. It was also shown that the
      glucosylated T2 DNA in solution is wound to a greater extent than the non
      glucosylated DNA of the same GC-content.

PMID- 379602
TI  - [Hydroxyapatite thin-layer chromatography of nucleic acid].
AB  - The present work is concerned with a sensitive and fast micromethod for
      separation of single- and double-stranded molecules of nucleic acid by
      hydroxyapatite (HAP) thin-layer chromatography. The thin layers were obtained by
      precipitation of ground HAP particules into the surface of the plates in water.
      Chromatography in sodium phosphate buffer makes it possible to separate from 1 to
      50 micrograms of nucleic acids for 30--50 sec. Thereby double-stranded molecules
      remain at the starting line, whereas single-stranded DNA or RNA follow up the
      solvent. For quantitative assay of nucleic acids by HAP thin-layer
      chromatography, the plates were scanned in UV light, radioactivity was measured
      without extracting substances from HAP and DNA and RNA were eluted with the help
      of phosphate buffer. A simple and accurate determination method has been
      suggested consisting in dissolving HAP in perchloric acid followed by hydrolysis
      of nucleic acids and spectrophotometry of solutions. The retrieval of the
      material after chromatography in 99 +/- 2%, the mean determinations error is 2-
      3%. The conditions are described for extraction, after thin-layer chromatography,
      of desalted and concentrated DNA, ready for use in later experiments. The paper
      describes a method: for determination of the degree of DNA nativity; quantitative
      determination of DNA in solutions, containing admixtures; separation of
      synthesized RNA from its precursors and from the DNA template; assay of DNA
      thermostability; investigation of the kinetics of DNA reassociation and DNA-DNA
      hybridization. Some results obtained from hydroxyapatite thin-layer
      chromatography are discussed.

PMID- 379603
TI  - [Induction and repair of breaks in DNA chains in vivo due to the imbalance
      between DNA and protein synthesis].
AB  - A sudden induction of the imbalance between the rates of DNA and protein
      synthesis in the cell (by nalidixic acid or by thymine starvation) results in the
      stabilization of breaks in DNA chains in vivo. Such "imbalance induced breaks"
      represent gaps in DNA chains formed with the participation of exonuclease V.
      Stabilization of the "imbalance induced breaks" is accompanied by DNA degradation
      and cell death. Restoration of the imbalance between the rates of DNA and protein
      syntheses by balanced inhibition completely prevents the stabilization of breaks
      in cells with competent repair systems. Balanced inhibition of intracellular DNA
      and protein synthesis decreases the rate of repair and permits to see the
      sequence of induction (stabilization) and disappearance (repair) of breaks in DNA
      chains in vivo. Repair of breaks occuring on the background of balanced inhition
      of DNA and protein synthesis decreases the extent of DNA degradation and
      completely prevents death of E. coli cells with completely functional repair
      systems.

PMID- 379604
TI  - [Compact structure of the small E. coli ribosomal subunit and its RNA studied by
      fluorescence spectroscopy and sedimentation analysis].
AB  - Analysis of the temperature dependence of fluorescence polarization of ethidium
      bromide adsorbed on the double helical fragments of 16S RNA's hairpin loops was
      used to characterize the intramolecular flexibility of RNA in the free state and
      within 30S subunit. We show that the local mobility of RNA segments is strongly
      limited by the tertiary structure of 16S RNA and ribosomal proteins reinforce
      these limitations. It was suggested that the mechanism of the temperature
      dependent RI particle activation involved the temporary increase of the local
      mobility of RNA segments in RNP which favored the formation of the new
      intraribosomal contacts. A comparison of sw 20 dependences of RNA and 30S subunit
      on Mg+ and K+ concentrations leads to the proposal that RNA in the small subunit
      in the physiological conditions has the stressed conformation. This conformation
      is maintained by the Mg2+-dependent RNA-RNA interactions induced by ribosomal
      proteins and specific only for the subunit.

PMID- 379605
TI  - [Addition of the fluorescent label to the 3'-OH end of DNA and the 3'-OH end of
      nascent RNA].
AB  - 3'(2')-O-acyl derivatives of the uridine triphosphate were synthesized. Acyl
      residues contained fluorescent dye; fluoresceine or rodamine C. Optical
      properties and stability of UTP analogues were studied. Their ability to serve as
      the substrates for calf thymus terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase and E.
      coli RNA polymerase was also examined. It was shown that both enzymes were able
      to use tested analogues as substrates. Incorporation of the analogues into
      nascent RNA and DNA chains inhibited the synthetic reaction because of primer
      inactivation. The rate of the incorporation of the analogues showed an
      exponential time dependence

PMID- 379606
TI  - [Repression of the enzyme inducible syntheses in Escherichia coli K12 mutant with
      a deleted ptsH gene].
AB  - The genome of lambda phage with thermosensitive repressor was integrated into the
      pts region of the E. coli chromosome. Such a lysogenic culture behaves as a pts
      mutant at 30 degrees. Heating of cells of this strain leads to the induction of
      lambda prophage and formation of deletions in the pts region. A mutant with a
      deletion covering ptsH gene was isolated after prophage induction. The deletion
      nature of pts mutation was confirmed in genetic and biochemical experiments. It
      was shown that the deletion is small and does not involve ptsI and lig genes. The
      isolated deltaptsH mutant possesses all characteristics of pts mutants:
      pleiotropic impairment of transport and utilization of a number of carbohydrates,
      repression of the enzyme inducible synthesis and resistance to catabolite
      repression with glucose. These data (together with earlier ones) allow us to
      conclude that the phosphorylated form of HPr is involved (in direct of indirect
      manner/ in activation of DNA transcription.

PMID- 379607
TI  - [Influence of protein bound with single-stranded DNA on the synthesis of RNA and
      poly(A). III. Protein product of F1 gene 5].
AB  - Influence of the protein product of F1 phage gene 5 (protein 5) on the synthesis
      RNA and poly(A) in vitro was studied. It has been shown, that protein 5 has no
      effect on the transcription of the native DNA by E. coli RNA-polymerase, but
      completely prevents RNA and poly(A) synthesis on the denatured or single-stranded
      DNA at the protein/DNA ratio 10:1. Protein 5 inhibits poly(A) synthesis with
      oligo(dT)9 and oligo(dT)12 as a template, preventing binding of enzyme to the
      oligonucleotide. After the initiation of the poly(A) synthesis the inhibition
      becomes considerably wearer. The biological function of the inhibition of the
      transcription by "unwinding" proteins is discussed.

PMID- 379608
TI  - [Fragment reaction catalyzed by E. coli ribosomes].
AB  - It has been shown that 50S subunits of E. coli MRE-600 ribosomes catalyze the
      reaction of N-(formyl)-methionyl ester of adenosine 5'-phosphate acting as
      peptide donor, with Phe-tRNA or CACCA-Phe serving as a peptide acceptor. The
      reaction is stimulated by cytidine 5'phosphate and inhibited by lincomycin,
      puromycin and chloramphenicol. The obtained results show that the structure of
      the donor site of peptidyltransferase is completely assembled on the 50S subunit
      and 30S subunit is not required for its formation.

PMID- 379609
TI  - [Repair of the interstrand cross links in DNA: role of restriction system "K"].
AB  - The interstrand cross links formed in the DNA after psoralenplus light treatment
      of bacteria E. coli K12 and bacteriophage lambda are repaired by the restriction
      and modification system "K." Strain E. coli C, which does not have the
      restriction and modification system is 2 times more sensitive to psoralen plus
      light treatment, than the wild type E. coli K12. But these strains are equally
      sensitive to inactivation by UV-light (254 nm). By studing the sedimentation of
      bacterial DNA in alkaline sucrose it was found that cells of E. coli C are
      deficient in filling of gaps, appearing in parental DNA after enzymatic excision
      of the "arms" of cross links. In experiments with bacteriophage lambda (W
      reactivation, prophage-reactivation), treated by psoralen plus light, it was
      shown that E. coli C and mutants of E. coli K12 rk-mk+/- are deficient in non
      recombination lexA-dependent repair of cross links. The function of restriction
      and recognition of restriction and modification system are essential for repair
      of cross links. It is suggested that the restriction and modification system "K"
      acts either as a regulatory protein or as a protector of single-stranded regions
      of DNA against nuclease attack.

PMID- 379611
TI  - [Isolation of free cytoplasmic informosomes].
AB  - The review concerns methods used by different authors for isolation of free
      cytoplasmic informosomes. The results of centrifugation in sucrose gradient and
      in density gradients, electrophoresis, ion-exchange, gel-filtration and affinity
      methods are described. It is concluded that these methods do not give good
      purification of informosomes from ribosomes and free proteins. Urgent necessity
      of a more careful control of the purity of informosomes isolated is emphasized.

PMID- 379612
TI  - [Influence of ionic strength on RNA-polymerase structure].
AB  - Chromatography of RNA polymerase holoenzyme preincubated under different ionic
      strength conditions on the DNA agarose column was studied. Ratio of two peaks
      identified to be core and holoenzyme was analysed. In the range of 0.15 to 0.05 M
      KCl the relative content of the holoenzyme peak gradually decreased from 100 to
      50%. At the same time a peak of free sigma-subunit appeared as detected by the
      chromatography on DNA agarose gel A-1.5 m. The dissociation of half of the sigma
      subunit amount occured within the enzyme dimer-monomer transition range. The
      results suggest that the dimerization follows the equation: E sigma + E sigma in
      equilibrium with E2 sigma. Reconstitution of the RNA polymerase holoenzyme from
      purified core enzyme and sigma-subunit was also studied by the same method.
      Reconstitution did not occur at a low ionic strength (0--0.1 M KCl), but takes
      place at ionic strength of 0.2 M or higher. Possible function of the dimerisation
      of the enzyme in search of promoter site and regulation of RNA synthesis is
      discussed.

PMID- 379610
TI  - [Unprimed synthesis of poly (d(A-T)), catalyzed by a preparation of Escherichia
      coli DNA polymerase I].
AB  - The initial events of the de novo synthesis of poly[d(A-T)], catalyzed by
      preparations of E. coli DNA-polymerase I, were investigated. The data provide
      evidence that deoxynucleoside diphosphate: oligonucleotide deoxynucleotidyl
      transferase (dNDP-transferase), the enzyme which is able to catalyze unprimed
      polymerization of dNDP, participates in the process of initiation. This
      conclusion is based on the following data: 1) preincubation of E. coli DNA
      polymerase I preparation with dADP and dTDT abolishes a lag-period in the
      poly[d(A-T)] synthesis; 2) dithiothreitol and N-ethylmaleinide, inhibitors of
      dNDP-transferase, inhibit de novo synthesis of [d(A-T)]-copolymer by preparations
      of E. coli DNA-polymerase I but do not effect primed synthesis ensured by this
      enzyme. High concentration of the substrate have similar effect. Using two
      dimentional thin-layer chromatography and microcolumn chromatography on TEAE
      cellulose we have shown that preliminary incubation of DNA-polymerase I
      preparations with dADP and dTDP results in the synthesis of short
      oligonucleotides (from di- to decanucleotides). Hydrolysis of these
      oligonucleotides with dilute sulfuric acid demonstrates that among the reaction
      products prevail oligoadenylates and oligothymidylates, but an appreciable
      amounts of heterooligomers including oligo[d(A-T)] were revealed as well. The
      model of so called de novo synthesis of regular polynucleotides is proposed,
      according to which dNDP-transferase, an accompanying enzyme in the preparations
      of DNA-polymerase I E. coli, is carrying out the synthesis of short
      oligonucleotides which form template-primer complexes repeatedly replicated by
      the DNA-polymerase I E. coli.

PMID- 379613
TI  - [Lambdoid phage structural proteins and antigens].
AB  - The composition of structural proteins of lambdoid phages such as lambda, phi 80
      434 divided by molecular weights was determined by means of SDS-disc
      electrophoresis in a 15% polyacrylamide gel. The proteins of the same phages were
      divided by isoelectric points using an isoelectric focusing in a 5,25%
      polyacrylamide gel with 8 M urea and a gradient pH 7.0--3.5. The both methods
      brought out a composition character of the virion proteins and illustrated the
      high degree of similarity among the structural proteins of phages lambda and 434
      and a far less similarity among the proteins lambda and phi 80. The antigenic
      composition of the lambdoid phage was determined and the basic antigenes were
      identified on one-dimensional and two-dimensional immunoelectrophoregrams. The
      appreciable immunochemical affinity of basic antigenes of the lambda and 434, but
      a partial affinity of the phages lambda and phi 80 were found. The basic protein
      of the head pE proved to be immunochemically similar for all three phages.

PMID- 379614
TI  - [Effect of single-stranded and double-stranded breaks on the melting temperature
      of phage T2 DNA].
AB  - The effect of single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA phage T2, on the melting
      temperature of this DNA in the 0,05 M SSC solution, was investigated. The number
      of cleavages per 1000 nucleotide pairs varied in the range of 0 to 10. It is
      shown that single- and double-stranded breaks affect the melting temperature with
      approximately (within 20%) the same efficiency. The relationship between the
      melting temperature shift (delta Tm) and the number of cleavages is non-linear.
      The magnitude of the effect is characterized by delta Tm of 2 +/- 0.4 degrees C
      for the average inter-cleavage distance of 200 base pairs. It is shown that the
      observed melting curves are non-equilibrium ones, which is probably due to the
      fact that the effect of cleavages on the melting temperature is largely results
      from the complete and practically irreversible separation of strands.

PMID- 379615
TI  - [Heat denaturation of paramyosin].
AB  - Heat denaturation of paramyosin and its two proteolytic fragments has been
      studied by scanning microcalorimetry. It has been shown that paramyosin
      denaturation proceeds in several stages, each stage corresponding to the melting
      of a cooperative block in the macromolecule. The junctions between the blocks are
      the most strongly affected by proteolytic fragments. Enthalpies of paramyosin and
      its fragment denaturation and their temperature dependencies have been measured.
      It has been shown that the mean value of the specific enthalpy extrapolated to
      110 degrees is noticeably lower than for globular proteins and is close to the
      values obtained earlier for L-meromyosin and tropomyosin. A conclusion has been
      drawn that the lower, in comparison with globular proteins, value of the
      denaturation enthalpy of alpha-superhelical structure is of a general character.

PMID- 379617
TI  - [Quantitative studies of interaction of polyuridylic acid with 30S subunits of
      ribosomes of Escherichia coli].
AB  - Polyuridilic acid of average molecular weight 18 000 binds to the 30S subunits
      with stoichiometry 1 : 1 but two kinds of 30S.poly(U) complexes with different
      stability are formed. The main reason for such heterogeneity was found to be due
      to the presence or absence of ribosomal protein Sl in 30S subunits. In its
      presence the association constant of 30S.poly(U) complex is equal 2.7.10(8) M-1,
      and in the opposite case it is much less 1.5.10(6) M-1. In the same conditions
      (20 mM MgCl2, 200 mM HN4Cl, 0 degrees) the association constant of binary complex
      Sl.poly(U) is equal 5.10(7) M-1.

PMID- 379616
TI  - [Role of RNA-polymerase in gene activity regulation of E. coli RNA-polymerase
      mutants with a pleiotropic effect. I. Physiological and biochemical studies].
AB  - Four Rifr-mutants of E. coli B/r (rpo B401, rpo B402, rpo B403, rpo B409) which
      differ from the wild strain in one or more phenotypic properties besides
      rifampicin resistance were obtained. Transfer of the mutant Rifr-alleles into the
      parent strain gives the latter all the properties of the mutant. This indicates
      that the new properties are due to the pleiotropic effect of Rifr-mutations.
      Biochemical studies of the properties of RNA-polymerases from the mutants and the
      parent showed that some new properties of the mutants could not be explained by
      the appearance of analogous properties in the mutant RNA-polymerase itself. They
      seem to be caused by alteration in functional activity of the mutant enzyme,
      particulary, alteration of its control properties during transcription. The
      function of the beta-subunit in genetic transcription is discussed.

PMID- 379618
TI  - Clinical methods in study of cholesterol metabolism.

PMID- 379619
TI  - Cytology of infradiaphragmatic organs. 6. Liver.

PMID- 379621
TI  - Annotated bibliography of research using the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment
      Scale.

PMID- 379620
TI  - [Present state of antiviral therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - Application of antiviral drugs in viral infections is still limited to few
      diseases. Most of the preparations available induce strong side effects since
      these substances not only interfere with virus replication but also with cell
      metabolism. Therefore, only in severe diseases such as herpes simplex
      encephalitis or complications of varizella zoster infection such a treatment is
      advisable. From a clinical point of view an antiviral drug would be desirable
      which selectively inhibitis virus growths without affecting the host. This can
      already be achieved with interferon. However, at the present time the quantities
      of interferon needed for such treatment are not available.

PMID- 379622
TI  - The effects of the ultraviolet-protecting plasmids pKM101 and R205 on DNA
      polymerase I activity in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - The mutagenesis- and repair-enhancing plasmids pKM101 and R205 were introduced
      into a series of Esherichia coli K-12 polA mutants including two temperature
      sensitive mutants. Polymerase levels in extracts of these strains were assayed
      using an activated DNA template. In none of the cases did the presence of the
      plasmid in the strains change either the initial rate of incorporation of
      [3H]thymidine triphosphate into acid-soluble material or the subsequent
      degradation of the template at longer reaction times. Neither did the presence of
      the plasmids affect the proportion of N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive polymerase
      activity detected. Previous studies have reported increased polymerase I-like
      activity of polA mutants of Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
      upon introduction of mutagenesis- and repair-enhancing plasmids. Our experiments
      indicate that, at least, such an increase in polymerase-I-like activity is not an
      obligatory phenotype associated with these plasmids.

PMID- 379623
TI  - The mutagenicities of safrole, estragole, eugenol, trans-anethole, and some of
      their known or possible metabolites for Salmonella typhimurium mutants.
AB  - Safrole, estragole, anethole, and eugenol and some of their known or possible
      metabolites were tested for mutagenic activity for S. typhimurium TA1535, TA100,
      and TA98. Highly purified 1'-hydroxyestragole and 1'-hydroxysafrole were
      mutagenic (approximately 15 and 10 revertants/micromole, respectively) for strain
      TA100 in the absence of fortified liver microsomes; trans-anethole and estragole
      appeared to have very weak activity. 3'-Hydroxyanethole was too toxic for an
      adequate test. Supplementation with NADPH-fortified rat-liver microsomes and
      cytosol converted 3'-hydroxyanethole to a mutagen(s) and increased the mutagenic
      activities for strain TA100 of 1'-hydroxyestragole, 1'-hydroxysafrole, estragole,
      and anethole. No mutagenicity was detected for safrole or eugenol with or without
      added NADPH-fortified liver preparations. The electrophilic 2',3'-oxides of
      safrole, 1'-hydroxysafrole, 1'-acetoxysafrole, 1'-oxosafrole, estragole, 1'
      hydroxyestragole, and eugenol showed dose-dependent mutagenic activities for
      strain TA1535 in the absence of fortified liver microsomes. These mutagenic
      activities ranged from about 330 revertants/micromole for 1'-oxosafrole-2',3'
      oxide to about 7000 revertants/micromole for safrole-2',3'-oxide. The
      arylalkenes, their hydroxylated derivatives, or their epoxides did not show
      mutagenic activity for strain TA98, except for 1'-oxosafrole-2',3'-oxide, which
      had weak activity. Since the arylalkenes are hydroxylated and/or epoxidized by
      hepatic microsomes, hydroxy and epoxide derivatives appear to be proximate and
      ultimate mutagenic metabolites, respectively, of the arylalkenes.

PMID- 379624
TI  - Reduction in mutagenicity of cigarette smoke condensate by added sugars.
AB  - The effects of adding sugars to high- and low-tar cigarettes on the mutagenicity
      of their smoke condensates were studied using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and
      TA98 with and without metabolic activation. The sugars tested were glucose,
      fructose, galactose, sorbitol, sucrose and lactose. The lowest mutagenicities
      observed with these sugars per mg of smoke condensate assayed on TA98 with
      metabolic activation were 37% (high-tar cigarettes) and 22% (low-tar cigaretts)
      of that of smoke condensate from untreated cigarettes. Addition of sugars
      increased the total amounts of smoke condensates, but the mutagenicities of the
      total condensates were also decreased by all the sugars, the lowest values being
      35% (high-tar cigarettes) and 36% (low-tar cigarettes) of that of smoke
      condensates from cigarettes without added sugar. On assay with TA100 with
      metabolic activation, decreases in both specific and total mutangenicities of
      condensates of high-tar cigarettes were observed with all the sugars tested
      except galactose and sucrose. Treatment with glucose, fructose or sorbitol
      decreased the specific mutagenicity of condensates of low-tar cigarettes and
      glucose and fructose reduced also their total mutagenicity. The effects of added
      sugars were more marked when assayed on TA98 than on TA100 and of the sugars
      tested fructose and sorbitol had the greatest effects. Addition of sugars had no
      effect of the mutagenicity of cigarette-smoke condensate without metabolic
      activation.

PMID- 379625
TI  - The mutagenic potential of unexcised pyrimidine dimers in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae, rad1-1: evidence from photoreactivation and pedigree analysis.
AB  - Photoreactivation and pedigree analysis have been combined to show that unexcised
      pyrimidine dimers in the DNA  of rad1-1 yeast can initiate mutagenesis after
      passing through several DNA replications. Monomerisation of dimers immediately
      before the second replication to follow UV has no effect on mutants appearing
      after the first post-UV cell division but reduces second-generation mutants to
      one third of their frequency in the dark and has a similar through slightly less
      marked effect on mutants appearing in the third or subsequent generations. The
      bearing of these findings on the mechanism of UV mutagenesis is dicussed.

PMID- 379626
TI  - Mitochondrial mutagenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Ultraviolet radiation.
AB  - UV efficiently induces mutations in mitDNA , conferring resistance to
      erythromycin. Mitochondrial chloramphenicol-resistant mutants are probably also
      induced by UV, but almost 90% of mutants with such phenotype are non
      mitochondrial; therefore it is possible to estimate accurately the frequences of
      the induced presumptive mitochondrial capr mutations.

PMID- 379627
TI  - Mutagenicity of 43 structurally related heterocyclic compounds and its
      relationship to their carcinogenicity.
AB  - 43 heteropolycyclic compounds belonging to a homologous series were investigated
      for mutagenicity. The results are compared with carcinogenicity data obtained
      with the same batches of compounds under conditions identical for all of them.
      Mutagenicity was tested in the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium strains
      TA1535, TA1537 and TA100 in the presence and absence of liver 10 000 g
      supernatant from rats treated with Aroclor 1254. Carcinogenicity was tested by
      injection of the compounds into subcutaneous tissue of XVIInc/Z mice. 18 test
      compounds showed carcinogenic activity, some strongly, others only weakly. Of
      these, 17 were detected as mutagens: one weak carcinogen did not revert the
      Salmonella strains. No quantitative correlation was observed between the extents
      of the mutagenic and the carcinogenic effects. Of the 25 substances that did not
      produce tumours, 13 showed mutagenicity (12 in the presence, 2 in the absence, of
      the liver homogenate). The mutagenic effects of these compounds were
      quantitatively similar to those of the compounds that produced tumours. The most
      sensitive strain of Salmonella typhimurium was TA100. It detected all 30
      mutagens. TA98 was mutated by 25 compounds, TA1537 by 16 compounds. No mutagenic
      effects were seen with TA1535. Possible reasons for the high percentage of
      apparently "false positives" in the Ames test and the lack of a quantitative
      correlation between the potency of the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects are
      discussed. It is suggested that the complexity of the metabolism of these
      heterocyclic compounds may lead to critical differences in metabolism in mouse
      subcutaneous tissue in vivo and in liver homogenates from rats treated with
      Aroclor. Therefore the present study will be extended to life-long oral and
      intrahepatic carcinogenicity tests leading to a higher proportion of metabolism
      in the liver.

PMID- 379628
TI  - delta 1-Tetrahydrocannabinol and 1 alpha, 2 alpha-epoxyhexahydrocannabinol:
      mutagenicity investigation in the Ames test.
AB  - 1,2-Epoxyhexahydrocannabinol is a metabolite of delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol.
      Because many epoxides are mutagens, we investigated 1,2-epoxyhexahydrocannabinol
      as well as delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol for mutagenicity with Salmonella
      typhimurium TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100 in the presence and in the absence of
      S9 mix from liver homogenate of rats treated with Aroclor 1254. Additionally, an
      epoxide hydratase inhibitor was used in some experiments. Whereas several other
      epoxides and further positive controls, not requiring activation or activated
      under the same conditions, respectively, showed strong mutagenicity, no
      indications of a mutagenic hazard by 1,2-epoxyhexahydrocannabinol or by delta 1
      tetrahydrocannabinol were found.

PMID- 379629
TI  - Mutagenicity of phenanthrene and phenanthrene K-region derivatives.
AB  - Phenanthrene and 9 K-region derivatives, most of them potential metabolites of
      phenanthrene, were tested for mutagenicity by the reversion of histidine
      dependent Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98 and TA100 and the
      rec assay with Bacillus subtilis H17 and M45. The strongest mutagenic effects in
      the reversion assay were observed with phenanthrene 9,10-oxide, 9
      hydroxyphenanthrene and N-benzyl-phenanthrene-9,10-imine. Interestingly, the
      mutagenic potency of the arene imine was similar to that of the corresponding
      arene oxide. This is the first report on the mutagenicity of arene imine. The
      mutagenic effects of all these phenanthrene derivatives were much weaker than
      that of the positive control benzo[a]pyrene 4,5-oxide. Even weaker mutagenicty
      was found with cis-9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene and with trans-9,10
      dihydroxy-9-10-dihydrophenanthrene. The other derivatives were inactive in this
      test. However, 9-10-dihydroxyphenanthrene and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone were more
      toxic to the rec- B. subtilis M45 strain than to the rec+ H17 strain. This was
      also true for phenanthrene 9,10-oxide and 9-hydroxyphenanthrene, but not with the
      other test compounds that reverted (9,10-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes; N
      benzyl-phenanthrene 9,10-imine; benzo[a]pyrene 4,5-oxide) or did not revert
      (phenanthrene, 9,10-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)-phenanthrene 9,10-oxide, 9-10
      diacetoxyphenanthrene) the Salmonella tester strains. Although the K region is a
      main site of metabolism and although all potential K-region metabolites were
      mutagenic, phenanthrene did not show a mutagenic effect in the presence of mouse
      liver microsomes and an NADPH-generating system under standard conditions.
      However, uhen epoxide hydratase was inhibited, phenanthrene was activated to a
      mutagen that reverted his- S. typhimurium. This shows that demonstration of the
      mutagenic activity of metabolites together with the knowledge that a major
      metabolic route proceeds via these metabolites dose not automatically imply a
      mutagenic hazard of the mother compound, because the metabolites in question may
      not accumulate in sufficient quantities and therefore the presence and relative
      activities of enzymes that control the mutagenically active metabolites are
      crucial. N-Benzyl-phenanthrene 9.10-imine was mutagenic for the episome
      containing S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100 but not for the precursor strains TA1538
      and TA1535. This arene imine would therefore be useful as a positive control
      during routine testing to monitor in the former strains the presence of the
      episome which is rather easily lost.

PMID- 379630
TI  - Antioxidants reduce the mutagenic effect of malonaldehyde and beta-propiolactone.
      Part IX. Antioxidants and cancer.
AB  - Increasing concentrations of malonaldehyde and beta-propiolactone were
      increasingly mutagenic with 7 mutants of Salmonella typhimurium, 5 of which
      mutated bya frameshift mechanism and 2 of which mutated through base-pair
      substitution. The antioxidants vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium and butylated
      hydroxytoluene (BHT) at 3 logarithmic concentrations markedly reduced mutagenesis
      in those strains which mutated by frameshift mechanism.

PMID- 379631
TI  - Detection of the mutagenic activity of lead chromate using a battery of microbial
      tests.
AB  - The potential mutagenicity of the carcinogen lead chromate was tested by the
      following battery of microbial tests: the Escherichia coli PolA+/PolA- survival
      test; the Salmonella/microsome His+ reversion assay; the E. coli Trp+ reversion
      test as a plate assay; the E. coli Gal+ forward mutation test; and the
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae assay for mitotic recombination. Lead chromate is
      mutagenic in Salmonella and in Saccharomyces and is thus identified as a
      microbial mutagen by this battery. Metabolic activation by rat liver homogenate
      (S9) is not required for the mutagenic activity of lead chromate. The most
      statistically significant, positive result is found with a supplementary assay,
      the E. coli fluctuation test. To determine whether the lead ion and/or the
      chromate ion were responsible for the mutagenicity observed, lead chloride and
      chromium trioxide (chromic acid) were also tested. In E. coli fluctuation test,
      the ranges of maximal mutagenicity for chromium trioxide and lead chromate
      overlap at the concentration 10(-5)M, whereas lead chloride shows no mutagenicity
      and little lethality at concentrations up to 10(-3)M. Thus, it appears that the
      chromate ion is responsible for the mutagenicity of lead chromate.

PMID- 379632
TI  - Mutagenic action of a series of epoxides.
AB  - The mutagenicity of a series of 13 epoxide compounds was studied using a
      bacterial plate assay system. The histidine-dependent tester strains TA98 (for
      frameshift mutagens) and TA100 (for base-pair substitution mutagens) of
      Salmonella typhimurium were used. Mutagenicity was evaluated both with and
      without the additon of rat liver microsomal extract. Dieldrin, diglycidyl ether
      of bis phenol A and 3 of its homologues were not mutagenic. Allyl glycidyl ether,
      n-butyl glycidyl ether, vinly cyclohexene diepoxide, glycidol, glycidal-dehyde,
      diglycidyl ether, diepoxybutane and diglycidyl ether of substituted glycerine
      were mutagenic in the TA100 strain, causing reversion of the bacteria to
      histidine independence. Dose-reponse curves of the mutagenicity of the latter 4
      compounds were obtained. On a molar basis, glycidaldehyde was about 20-50 times
      more potent in producing mutation that were the other 3 epoxides in the dose
      response test. In general, the mutagenicity of the epoxides was not enhanced or
      diminished by the addition of microsomal extract.

PMID- 379633
TI  - The mutagenicity of halogenated alkanols and their phosphoric acid esters for
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - 9 halogenated alkanols, 9 corresponding tris (haloalkyl)phosphates, and 2 bis
      (2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate salts were evaluated for mutagenicity against
      Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and TA1538, with and without
      rat liver in vitro metabolic activation system (S9 mix). Most of the test samples
      showed mutagenic activity in the strains TA100 and TA1535, but not in the strains
      TA98, TA1537 and TA1538. In general, the mutagenic activities of the phosphates
      obtained with S9 mix were greater than the activities obtained without S9 mix.
      Among the phosphates, several structure--activity relationships were found; i.e.,
      (i) the bromoalkyl derivatives were more mutagenic than the corresponding
      chloroalkyl derivatives, (ii) the beta-haloethyl derivatives were more mutagenic
      than the gamma-halopropyl derivatives, (iii) the phosphates having adjacent beta
      and gamma halogen atoms in the alkyl moiety, e.g., tris-(2,3
      dibromopropyl)phosphate, were particularly potent mutagens, (iv) the branched
      carbon chain reduced the mutagenic activities in spite of the presence of beta
      halogen atoms, e.g., tris(1-bromomethyl-2-bromoethyl)phosphate. However, such
      relations did not necessarily apply to the halogenated alkanols. It is concluded
      that the metabolic activation pathway via haloalkanols to mutagens must not be in
      common with all tris-BP-like phosphates.

PMID- 379634
TI  - Nuclear mutations and mitotic recombination in Saccharomyces by light-activated
      ethidium azides.

PMID- 379635
TI  - Mutagenicity test of dyes used in cosmetics with the Salmonella/mammalian
      microsome test.
AB  - 37 dyes including 3 anthraquinone, 22 azo; 5 xanthene, 5 fluorandiol, and 2
      thioindigo dyes, were tested for mutagenic potential with the
      Salmonella/mammalian-microsome test. Two frame-shift histidine mutants (TA1537
      and TA98) and two base-pair substituted histidine mutants (TA1535 and TA100) of
      Salmonella typhimurium were employed. Both the spot test and the plate
      incorporation assay indicated that one azo dye, D&C Orange No. 17, was mutagenic
      with three of the bacterial test strains. The mutagenic response of D&C Orange
      No. 17 was depressed by the addition of the microsomal fractions from rat livers.
      Of the chemicals used to synthesize D&C Orange No; 17 was depressed by the
      addition of the microsomal fractions from rat livers. Of the chemicals used to
      synthesize D&C Orange No. 17, beta-naphthol was not mutagenic but 2,4
      dinitroaniline was mutagenic to the same Salmonella strains as D&C Orange No. 17
      . Dimethyl sulfoxide extracts of lipsticks of similar formula but without D&C
      Orange No. 17 were tested in the plate incorporation assay. Only those containing
      D&C Orange No. 17 were mutagenic and the dye was mutagenic at concentrations
      consumed in normal daily use.

PMID- 379636
TI  - Mutagenicity of cyclic nitrosamines in Salmonella typhimurium: effect of ring
      size.
AB  - Mutagenicity of cyclic nitrosamines with varying carcinogenic potentials was
      assayed in the Salmonella histidine-reversion system. Mutagenicity in the pour
      plate assay was compared with that in the liquid pre-incubation test. The smaller
      ring compounds (nitrosoazetidine, nitrosopyrrolidine, and nitrosopiperidine)
      exhibited a similar effect in both assays. The large ring compounds
      (nitrosohexamethyleneimine, nitrosoheptamethyleneimine,
      nitrosooctamethyleneimine, and nitrosododecamethyleneimine) were more effective
      in the liquid pre-incubation test. Our results suggest a reasonable relationship
      between their mutagenic and carcinogenic activities.

PMID- 379637
TI  - Mutagenicity of p-nitrophenyl-p'-guanidinobenzoate on Salmonella typhimurium
      strain TA98.

PMID- 379638
TI  - Mutagenicity of 7-iodo and 7-fluoro derivatives of N-hydroxy-and N-acetoxy-N-2
      acetylaminofluorene in the Salmonella typhimurium assay.

PMID- 379639
TI  - In vitro mutagenicity and cell transformation screening of phenylglycidyl ether.
AB  - Phenylglycidyl ether (1,2-epoxy-3-phenoxy propane) (PGE) was tested for genetic
      activity in bacterial and mammalian tests. It was active in the
      Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity test. Concentration-dependent mutagenicity was
      demonstrated in S. typhimurium strains TA1535 and TA100 with and without rat S9,
      but not in strains TA98, TA1537, or TA1538. These results suggest PGE, is a
      direct-acting mutagen causing base substitutions. Phenylglycidyl ether did not
      induce 6-thioguanine-resistant mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells, with or
      without rat S9, and with or without serum in the medium. Dose-dependent
      enhancement of SA7 virus transformation of primary hamster embryo cells was
      observed at concentrations of 1.6 microgram/ml and higher. In addition, this
      compound was able to chemically transform secondary hamster embryo cells at
      concentrations of 6.2 micrograms/ml and higher. At a dose of 2500 mg/kg p.o., PGE
      was active in the host-mediated assay using C57B1/6 X C3H mice and S. typhimurium
      strain TA1535. This activity represented a positive response in 2 of 5 animals
      tested. Murine testicular DNA synthesis was not inhibited by oral administration
      of PGE at 500 mg/kg.

PMID- 379640
TI  - [Comparative clinical investigations with the new antimycotic agent isoconazole
      nitrate and its combination with diflucortolone-21-valerate in the case of
      inflammatory and eczematised dermatomycoses].

PMID- 379641
TI  - Graft-versus-host disease.

PMID- 379642
TI  - Heterogeneity of diffuse "histiocytic" lymphoma according to the Kiel
      classification.

PMID- 379643
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 379644
TI  - Tumors in allograft recipients.

PMID- 379645
TI  - Serratia marcescens.

PMID- 379646
TI  - Hepatic failure from valproic acid.

PMID- 379647
TI  - Hepatic failure from valproic acid.

PMID- 379648
TI  - Hepatic failure from valproic acid.

PMID- 379649
TI  - Protein methylation in behavioural control mechanisms and in signal transduction.
AB  - In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes methyl groups can be added to and removed from
      the carboxyl groups of proteins. Recent work has revealed that these reactions
      have a role in several behavioural phenomena. The nature of this role has been
      uncovered in one case--that of bacterial chemotaxis.

PMID- 379650
TI  - Antiserum specific for motor nerve terminals in skeletal muscle.

PMID- 379651
TI  - Dennis Gabor, 1900-1979.

PMID- 379652
TI  - More twists and turns to recombination.

PMID- 379653
TI  - The membrane attachment protein for spectrin is associated with band 3 in human
      erythrocyte membranes.
AB  - Ankyrin, the membrane attachment protein for human erythrocyte spectrin, is
      tightly linked in a 1:1 molar ratio with band 3 in detergent extracts of spectrin
      depleted membranes. Ankyrin-linked band 3, which represents 10--15% of the total
      band 3, spans the membrane, and is nearly identical to the major band 3 by
      peptide analysis. Spectrin binds to solubilised ankyrin-linked band 3, but not to
      free band 3. A portion of band 3 remains firmly associated with detergent
      extracted cytoskeletal proteins. It is concluded that a fraction of band 3 is
      attached to the erythrocyte cytoskeleton through association with ankyrin, which
      in turn is bound to spectrin.

PMID- 379654
TI  - Distribution of fibronectin in the ectoderm of gastrulating chick embryos.

PMID- 379655
TI  - Haemoglobin S and P. falciparum malaria.

PMID- 379656
TI  - [Current insights with respect to a bullous disease in children].

PMID- 379657
TI  - [A dysentery epidemic among Tunisia travelers].

PMID- 379658
TI  - [Endocrinological aspects of alcohol consumption].

PMID- 379660
TI  - [Man's original food; human milk and prehistoric times].

PMID- 379659
TI  - [Near-drowning; an analysis of 60 patients].

PMID- 379661
TI  - [Microelectrode studies of the electrical activity of the neurons in subcortical
      structures of the human brain].

PMID- 379662
TI  - [Structural-biological aspects of the marginal periodontium and their
      consequences for clinical treatment. A survey of current views].

PMID- 379664
TI  - [Adaptation of the gingiva to the pontic].

PMID- 379663
TI  - [Preprosthetic jaw osteotomy].

PMID- 379665
TI  - Energy requirements of the dental burring process.

PMID- 379666
TI  - [Out of the remote past. XII. Endodontic problems].

PMID- 379667
TI  - [Reinier de Graaf (1641-1673) and the syringe].

PMID- 379668
TI  - [Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis with extremely high C.S.F. gamma-globulin and
      immunoglobulin (author's transl)].

PMID- 379669
TI  - [Awarding of the ERB commemorative coin to Prof. Dr. Spiegel, Philadelphia, by
      the German Society for Neurology].

PMID- 379670
TI  - [Research on alcoholism. A review (author's transl)].

PMID- 379671
TI  - [Treatment of alcoholism (author's transl)].

PMID- 379672
TI  - [In memoriam Heinrich Kranz, 1901-1979].

PMID- 379673
TI  - [Foundation of the Sabine and Mareile Plotzitzko Memory Award].

PMID- 379674
TI  - The culture of chick embryo dorsal root ganglionic cells on polylysine-coated
      plastic.
AB  - Polylysine-coated culture surfaces are strongly adhesive for neural cells,
      restrict locomotion on nonneuronal elements, but do not inhibit neurite
      elongation. In the present study, culture dishes were pre-treated with poly-D
      lysine (PDL) at various concentrations, seed with dissociates from 8-day chick
      embryo dorsal root ganglia, and incubated under conditions that normally support
      both neuronal survival and nonneuronal proliferation. Pretreatment with low (0.1
      mg/ml) PDL concentrations had no effect on neuronal survival and neuritic growth,
      but entirely prevented an increase in ganglionic nonneurons, yielding a
      numericallly stable culture greatly enriched in neurons. Higher PDL
      concentrations caused increasing losses in both cell classes. The 50% levels of
      cell loss were achieved at about the same PDL dose, but earlier for neurons that
      nonneurons and still with no impairment of neuritic growth from the surviving
      neurons. A procedure was developed to compare acid-soluble and acid-precipitable
      accumulation of radioactivity under 1-hr pulses of [3H]uridine, which was
      applicable even to poorly attached cells. The cytotoxic effects of higher PDL
      pretreatments was revealed as early as 6 hr after seeding by 2- to 4-fold lower
      radioaccumulation. The data are discussed in terms of possible regulations of
      cell permeability and metabolism by adhesive interactions between cells and their
      substratum, or other cells.

PMID- 379677
TI  - [Primary care--with special reference to neurosurgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 379676
TI  - Effect of barbiturates on release endogenous amino acids from rat cortex slices.
AB  - The potassium-stimulated, calcium-dependent release of endogenous GABA and
      glutamic acid was suppressed by pentobarbital. The ouabain and veratridine
      stimulated fluxes of the amino acids, calcium-independent processes, were not
      suppressed by pentobarbital. Release of GABA and glutamic acid was not suppressed
      by pentobarbital in the presence of the calcium ionophore A23187. Of eight
      barbiturates studied at equimolar concentrations six were found to inhibit GABA
      release. Thiopental was the most potent, and phenobarbital and secobarbital were
      inactive.

PMID- 379675
TI  - Role of RNA and protein synthesis in memory formation.
AB  - A brief review is given of experiments which are concerned with the hypothesis
      that brain RNA and protein synthesis are directly involved in the establishment
      of long-term memory. It is concluded that these experiments neither support or
      refute this hypothesis. A convincing demonstration is lacking of interanimal
      memory transfer by injection of macromolecular extracts. The majority of
      experiments which attempt to correlate increased macromolecular synthesis with
      learning use radioactive precursor methods and these studies do not exclude
      possible changes in precursor specific activity as the cause of the increased
      labeling. Although some studies find directly observable changes in brain
      macromolecules in response to training, their relationship to memory formation is
      unclear. It is possible that these changes represent only an enhanced production
      of constitutive macromolecules in response to an increase in cerebral metabolism
      during training, rather than molecular changes that are directly involved with
      modifying synaptic connectivity. Inhibitors of cerebral protein synthesis block
      memory formation, but these drugs are not pharmacologically specific and this
      complicates the interpretation of these studies.

PMID- 379678
TI  - [New classification of hydrocephalus based on recent concept of cerebrospinal
      fluid circulation (author's transl)].

PMID- 379679
TI  - Effect of lesions in the suprachiasmatic nucleus-retrochiasmatic area on the
      inhibition of pulsatile LH release induced by electrical stimulation of the
      midbrain dorsal raphe nucleus.
AB  - The present studies were designed to determine if the inhibition of pulsatile
      luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion reported to occur during midbrain dorsal raphe
      nucleus (DRN) stimulation involved some portion of the suprachiasmatic
      nucleus(SCN)-retrochiasmatic area (RCA). In animals having lesions that
      completely destroyed the SCN but did not extend into the RCA, dorsal raphe
      induced inhibition of pulsatile LH release was still present. If, however, a
      significant portion (more than 40%) or all of the RCA was encompassed by the
      lesion (with variable or no SCN damage), the inhibition induced by DRN
      stimulation was prevented. This indicates that the SCN is not necessary for the
      inhibitory effect of DRN stimulation on pulsatile LH release to occur. However,
      the pathway responsible for this inhibition does appear to project to or through
      the RCA. Furthermore, pulsatile LH release was reduced, but present, during the
      control period prior to stimulation in rats with SCN lesions (and no damage to
      the RCA), and mean blood LH levels for this group were significantly decreased
      during the control bleeding period. Therefore, the neuronal pathway activating
      episodic LH release involves, but is not restricted solely to, the SCN.

PMID- 379681
TI  - Perspectives in international neurosurgery: neurosurgery in Peru.

PMID- 379680
TI  - Prostaglandins and the release of LHRH from hypothalamic synaptosomes. Effects of
      indomethacin pretreatment.
AB  - The possible role of prostaglandins (PGs) in the hypothalamic control of
      ovulation has been investigated by studying the effects of indomethacin (ID) and
      PGs on the release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) from
      hypothalamic synaptosomes. Female rats were chronically pretreated with ID on
      diestrus 2 (D2) and proestrus (P), or on diestrus 1 (D1) and D2. Basal LHRH
      release from hypothalamic synaptosomes prepared from rats pretreated on D2/P was
      reduced to 48% after a 20-min incubation period, compared with sham-treated
      animals. ID pretreatment on D1/D2 caused a similar but less marked reduction in
      LHRH release (to 66% of controls at 20 min). Extraction of the LHRH remaining
      within the synaptosomal pellet showed that ID pretreatment also reduced the
      synaptosome content of LHRH. (15S)-15-methyl PGE2 (15-E2) (10(-4) and 10(-6) M)
      added to the incubating medium stimulated the release of LHRH BY APPROXIMATELY
      40%, but this effect was only observed in synaptosomes prepared from ID-treated
      rats. PGE2 (10(-4) and 10(-6) M) had no significant effect in either sham-treated
      or ID-treated groups.

PMID- 379682
TI  - Adult dementia: history, biopsy, pathology.
AB  - The historical events in the evolution of Alzheimer's disease are reviewed,
      including the initial description by Alois Alzheimer and the subsequent
      controversy regarding the nosological specificity of this entity. The similarity
      of senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease is emphasized. The basis for the
      modern concept of Alzheimer's disease as premature or accelerated aging is
      included in the review. The pathological correlates of the major categories of
      adult dementia have been described. The traditional criteria of neurofibrillary
      tangles and senile plaques have been re-evaluated using the current insight into
      these changes afforded by electron microscopy and biochemistry. The significance
      of amyloid has been described because it occurs within the senile plaque and also
      as the essential component of congophilic angiopathy. The new information
      regarding neuronal cell counts and the loss of choline acetyltransferase has been
      evaluated in terms of an indication of a pathogenic mechanism of Alzheimer's
      disease. The current understanding of normal pressure hydrocephalus, Creutzfeldt
      Jakob disease, and multi-infarct dementia has been described. Brain biopsy in
      dementia has been described as having diagnostic, research, pathogenic, and
      prognostic value. The precautions involving the performance and handling of the
      biopsy have been stressed, particularly because these procedures involve
      conditions of possible slow virus etiology. The polemic for Alzheimer's disease
      as aging or slow virus infection has been summarized. At this time a
      consideration seems justified that Alzheimer's disease is an age-related, slow
      virus disease due to a hitherto unknown immune defect. Aging as an etiological
      agent must be clarified before Alzheimer's disease, in any form, can be
      considered to be an inevitable consequence of longevity.

PMID- 379683
TI  - Perspectives in international neurosurgery: neurosurgery in Ecuador.

PMID- 379685
TI  - Prediction of antidepressant response to lithium carbonate by a 1-day
      administration of d-amphetamine in unipolar depressed women.

PMID- 379684
TI  - Bibliography on the biology and pharmacology of lithium. 6.

PMID- 379686
TI  - Hans-Lukas Teuber.

PMID- 379687
TI  - [H. L. Teuber and the founding of experimental neuropsychology].

PMID- 379688
TI  - Self recognition and social awareness in the deconnected minor hemisphere.

PMID- 379689
TI  - Meige disease: striatal dopaminergic preponderance.
AB  - A dopamine agonist (apomorphine) and a cholinomimetic drug (physostigmine) were
      administered to five patients with blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia
      (Meige disease). The effects of haloperidol and levodopa were also assessed.
      Apomorphine lessened and physostigmine aggravated the facial dyskinesias in all
      patients, while placebo injections had no consistent effect. Levodopa did not
      modify the symptoms, but haloperidol attentuated the facial dystonia. Dysfunction
      of the basal ganglia, characterized by a state of striatal dopamine
      preponderance, probably underlies the dystonic spasms in Meige disease. The
      prominent cholinergic enhancement of facial dyskinesias may distinguish this
      disorder pharmacologically from tardive dyskinesia, a differentiation which has
      practical therapeutic implications.

PMID- 379691
TI  - [Comparative study of the efficacy of diclofenac sodium and indomethacin in post
      operative inflammation following varicose vein surgery].

PMID- 379690
TI  - Tremor due to sodium valproate.
AB  - Four patients developed postural tremor after ingestion of sodium valproate. The
      tremor was recorded by a variable-capacitance transducer and was of the "benign
      essential" type. The dosages of sodium valproate varied between 1000 mg and 2000
      mg daily and serum levels were between 34.9 microgram per milliliter and 154.3
      microgram per milliliter. Tremor was ameliorated in two cases when the dosage was
      reduced. In only one case was the serum level in the toxic range for our
      laboratory. The pharmacology of essential tremor is unknown; production of a
      similar tremor by a drug could serve as a biochemical model.

PMID- 379693
TI  - [Preliminary experience in extracorporeal renal surgery and autotransplants].
AB  - Successful management of stenosis of a polar branch of the renal artery by means
      of autotransplantation is reported. The main indications for this technique are
      described: arteriosclerosis and injury to the artery, aneurysm, various forms of
      ureteral injury, bilateral or unilateral renal tumour, coralliform
      intraparenchymal lithiasis, together, with the techniques for extracorporeal
      perfusion of the kidney and the mechanisms of the more commonly adopted
      conservation solutions.

PMID- 379692
TI  - [New mucolytic agent in resuscitation practice].

PMID- 379694
TI  - [Gastrointestinal localizations of malignant lymphomas].
AB  - Lymphoma of the alimentary canal is somewhat rare. It has no unusual features and
      few characteristics, with the result that its clinical, radiological and
      endoscopic diagnosis is problematic, since its lesions may readily be confused by
      other neoplastic or inflammatory forms. The difficulty is, of course, primarily
      felt in the case of primary sites, since the co-existence of other lymphomatous
      tissues facilitates diagnosis. It is suggested that surgeons should be aware of
      the existence and treatment of these forms. 13 cases collected from 25
      laparosplenectomies for staging since 1971 are presented. Four patients had
      primary lesions, whereas generalised lymphoma was present in the remainder. Nine
      patients are still alive after treatment.

PMID- 379695
TI  - [Primary tumors of the spleen].
AB  - Four cases of so-called primary tumour of the spleen are discussed, stress being
      laid on their rarity and clinical course. The importance of splenectomy for
      precise histological diagnosis and assessment of the stage of the disease,
      factors which are indispensable for the oncologist when planning therapy, is also
      emphasized.

PMID- 379696
TI  - [Pathology caused by antibiotics. IV. Hepatic lesions. Reactions due to
      hypersensitivity and toxic lesions].

PMID- 379697
TI  - [A new approach to immunotherapy: the transfer factor].
AB  - The transfer factor is a tiny molecule capable of transferring the function of
      the T lymphocytes (immunological memory and retarded hypersensitivity) from a
      sensitized to a non-sensitized individual. The exact structure and action
      modalities of the molecule have not yet been precisely established. The
      difficulties involved in the study of the transfer factor are aggravated by the
      lack of any suitable experimental model. The attention of immunologists is
      attracted by this factor which opens up new prospects for the treatment of
      cancer, immunological deficiencies and certain infectious and autoimmune
      diseases. More profound research would appear useful to evaluate if and in what
      cases a potentiation of the immune mechanism can represent an alternative to
      immunosuppression.

PMID- 379698
TI  - [The great epidemics in Piedmont from the 14th to the 19th century].

PMID- 379699
TI  - [Pathology caused by antibiotics. V. Hepatic lesions. Interference with hepatic
      production of bilirubin and induction of the enzyme systems of the hepatocytes].

PMID- 379700
TI  - [Clinically autonomous hepatic tuberculosis].

PMID- 379701
TI  - [The great epidemics in Piedmont from the 14th to the 19th century. II. Plague in
      the 16th and 17th centuries].

PMID- 379702
TI  - [From magic to computers in the discovery of the use of pharmaceutic drugs].

PMID- 379703
TI  - [Incidence of thyroid diseases in primary hyperparathyroidism].
AB  - The incidence of thyroid diseases was evaluated in patients with primary
      hyperparathyroidism subjected to parathyroidectomy. Eleven patients (26.8%) were
      affected in this way: 2 with carcinoma, 5 with nodular goitre, and 4 with
      adenoma. The possible reasons for associations of this kind are discussed, and it
      is suggested that their high frequency points to a relationship of cause and
      affect.

PMID- 379704
TI  - [Pharmacokinetic and clinical research of a new phenyl ester of carbecinillin:
      carfecillin].
AB  - Following a review of the latest methods of treating infections of the urinary
      ways, the pharmacokinetic and clinical results of a new antibiotic, Carfecillin,
      are reported. The examination was carried out on a total of 10 volunteers. The
      substance showed good serum levels and fair renal excretion with both the 250 mg
      and the 500 mg p.o. doses. The clinical study was carried out on a double blind
      basis versus a standard reference (indanyl ester of carbenicillin) in 26 patients
      and showed the electivity of the antibiotic in the oral treatment of urinary
      infections under well tolerated conditions.

PMID- 379705
TI  - [Big epidemics in Piemonte from the 14th to the 19th century].

PMID- 379706
TI  - [Treatment with oxolinic acid of urinary tract infections].

PMID- 379707
TI  - [Big epidemics in Piemonte from the 14th to the 19th century].

PMID- 379709
TI  - [Mutagenicity for Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test) of some trichomonacides].

PMID- 379708
TI  - [Target cimetidine treatment of peptic ulcer. Considerations and assessment of a
      new dosage].
AB  - 32 patients suffering from peptic ulcer have been selected. Of these 12 formed
      part of a previous series treated with cimetidine and subsequently relapsed; the
      other 20 were selected on the basis of endoscopic and functional examinations and
      were treated for the first time with cimetidine. The drug doses used were 1.2 g
      for 30 days and 0.3 g for a further 60 days. The purpose of the study was to
      check for possible recurrences by comparing the results obtained and their
      maintenance in the long term using these doses. 2 months after suspension of
      maintenance treatment there has not been any recurrence of the acute pain and
      dyspeptic symptomatology.

PMID- 379710
TI  - Comparative distribution of LH-RH and somatostatin in the supraoptic crest (OVLT)
      of the rat.
AB  - Adjacent serial sections of the organum vasculosum laminal terminalis (OVLT) of
      the rat were incubated with antisera of luteinizing-hormone--releasing-hormone
      (LH-RH) and somatostatin and stained by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique.
      The distribution patterns of the two oligopeptides show distinct differences, as
      already found in the median eminence. A denser, more centrally placed
      somatostatin deposit is surrounded by a more extensive, looser, more peripheral
      one of LH0RH. These differences in distribution may reflect an anatomical basis
      for the differing effects of various manipulations on the OVLT and median
      eminence stores.

PMID- 379711
TI  - Detection of catecholamine and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH)
      containing nerve endings in the median eminence and the organon vasculosum
      laminae terminalis by fluorescence histochemistry and immunohistochemistry on the
      same microscopic sections.
AB  - Distribution of catecholamine (CA) and LH-RH nerve endings in the median eminence
      (ME) and the organon vasculosum laminae terminalis (OVLT) of the rat was
      investigated by application of fluorescence histochemistry and
      immunohistochemistry on the same sections of the tissue. In the ME, those two
      kinds of endings coexisted in the lateral portion of the middle part of ME, and
      in the wall of tuberoinfundibular sulcus, where they might be considered to have
      functional correlation. In the OVLT they were also distributed in fairly near
      distance, but they were not so closely associated as observed in the ME.

PMID- 379712
TI  - In vitro effects of a synethetic enkephalin analogue (D-Met2,Pro5)
      enkephalinamide on the hypothalamus-pituitary--testis function in rats.
AB  - The effects of (D-Met2,Pro5)-enkephalinamide, a synthetic analogue of the natural
      opioid pentapeptides, were investigated on the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis
      using in vitro tissue and isolated cell incubation systems. (D-Met2,Pro5)
      enkephalinamide in a concentration range 10(-7)--10(-5) M did not alter the
      testosterone production and the troph-hormone sensitivity of the isolated Leydig
      cells, or the gonadotroph hormone release and the luteinizing-hormone--releasing
      hormone (LH-RH) sensitivity of the isolated anterior pituitary cells. However 10(
      5)--10(-5) M synthetic enkephalin analogue induced a dose-dependent inhibition of
      LH-RH content and release of the mediobasal hypothalamus, which was prevented by
      equimolar concentrations of naloxone.

PMID- 379713
TI  - Further studies on the immunohistochemical localization of alpha-MSH in the rat
      brain.
AB  - Using two different specific antisera directed against alpha-melanocyte
      stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), the immunoperoxidase localization of alpha-MSH
      was performed on sections of the rat brain. With one antiserum, some nerve fibers
      stained for alpha-MSH were seen close to the apex of ependymal cells near the
      lumen of the lateral and third ventricles. With the other antiserum, alpha-MSH
      positive nerve fibers were localized in the pai mater. These results indicate
      that two different specific antisera directed against a same nolecule can
      probably recognize different antigenic sites of this molecule. Our findings also
      suggest a possible source of release for the alpha-MSH present in the
      cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

PMID- 379714
TI  - Immunofluorescent localization of microfilaments in neuronal and glial primary
      cell cultures with antibody against adrenal medullary myosin.
AB  - The localization of myosin was studied in rat neuronal and glial cell maintained
      in primary culture, using the double antibody immunofluorescent method.
      Antibodies were raised against myosin purified from bovine adrenal medulla.
      Myosin-specific immunoreactivity was found in the cell body and neurites of
      neuronal cells and in the cytoplasm of glial cells. In the former no typical
      substructure was observable, whilst in the latter myosin-rich filaments were
      found forming either a cage entrapping the nucleus or as long cables in cellular
      morphogenic expansions.

PMID- 379715
TI  - Monoamine neuron regulation of LRF neurons innervating the organum vasculosum
      laminae terminalis and median eminence.
AB  - The LRF content of the median eminence (ME) and organum vasculosum laminae
      terminalis (OVLT) was analyzed following lesions destroying the serotonin neurons
      of the midbrain raphe and the dopamine neurons of the zona incerta. Six weeks
      after zona incerta lesions the LFT content of both OVLT and ME was significantly
      reduced. Raphe lesions did not significantly reduce LRF content of the ME or
      OVLT. No changes in circulating LH content were noted after either lesion. These
      observations suggest that the dopamine neurons of the incerto-hypothalamic system
      may be involved in the regulation of LRF synthesis or release from LRF neurons
      innervating the ME and OVLT.

PMID- 379716
TI  - North American Indian rock art. Medical connotations.

PMID- 379717
TI  - Hospice program; law, guidelines, and implementation.

PMID- 379718
TI  - Early medical photography in America (1839-1883): III. The daguerrean era.

PMID- 379719
TI  - Bonding for immediate bite opening. An aid in tooth movement.

PMID- 379720
TI  - Fetal lung maturation and the antenatal use of glucocorticoids to prevent the
      respiratory distress syndrome.

PMID- 379721
TI  - Musculocutaneous flaps in reconstructive pelvic surgery.
AB  - Gracilis musculocutaneous flaps are useful in reconstruction of many crippling
      pelvic defects. They are especially beneficial for vaginal reconstruction at the
      time of pelvic exenteration. Twenty patients having vaginal reconstruction with
      musculocutaneous flaps are presented. Nineteen (95%) have vaginas adequate for
      sexual function.

PMID- 379723
TI  - [Free transplantation of skin-cartilage flaps from the ear in partial penetrating
      defects of the eyelid].

PMID- 379722
TI  - Treatment of premature labor with ritodrine: a randomized controlled study.
AB  - Twenty-nine women with premature labor were randomly assigned to a ritodrine (N =
      14) or placebo (N = 15) drug group. The 2 groups were of similar age, parity,
      weight, gestational age, and cervical change at the onset of treatment. They were
      treated sequentially with intravenous, intramuscular, and oral drugs and
      monitored carefully during therapy. There was a significant increase in both the
      maternal and fetal heart rates during ritodrine treatment, and also a significant
      decrease in maternal blood pressure. Ritodrine-treated women often complained of
      palpatations. There was no significant difference in the extension of pregnancy,
      birth weight, or infant survival for the ritodrine group. Although the 1-minute
      Apgar scores in the ritodrine group were higher, the 5-minute scores were similar
      in both groups.

PMID- 379726
TI  - [Potential transformation of the anterior corneal epithelium of the common frog].
AB  - The possibility of transformation of the corneal anterior epithelium in the lens
      following its separation from the stroma was studied. The corneal epithelium was
      implanted into: a) empty eye orbit and b) cavity of lensless eye of the Rana
      temporaria tadpoles. In the eye orbit it continued, as in the normal development,
      to form the basal membrane. Although in the eye cavity the structures similar to
      lentoids arose but the specific lens proteins were shown to be asbent from them
      using immunofluorescence. In both the cases, thus, no transformation of the
      corneal epithelium in the lens was observed. The role of stroma in the
      stabilization of differentiation of the corneal anterior epithelium is discussed.
      It is suggested that the absence of increase in the mitotic activity is one of
      the causes of failure of the corneal epithelium transformation in the lens.

PMID- 379724
TI  - Identification of rhinopharyngeal plasmacytic tumours by immunofluorescence on
      paraffin-embedded sections.
AB  - Solitary myeloma is an uncommon lesion which may occur in many organs, mainly in
      the rhinopharynx. This lesion usually appears as non-secretory, and it is
      constituted by either typical plasma cells or large and atypical cells resembling
      epithelial anaplastic cells. Therefore, and immunofluorescent method on paraffin
      embedded sections may be applied to reveal the presence and the monoclonality of
      the intracytoplasmic Ig in the pathological cells. In this paper we report a
      study on 22 patients suspected to bear a rhinopharyngeal tumor investigated by
      immunofluorescence. Moreover, in 4 cases peripheral blood lymphocytes were also
      studied. The results are discussed on the basis of the modern immunological
      trends.

PMID- 379725
TI  - Immunohistochemical demonstration of lysozyme in tissues and blood cells of
      domestic fowl. I. A preliminary report.

PMID- 379727
TI  - Lateral orbitotomy.
AB  - The modified Wright technique for lateral orbitotomy is described, based on 57
      orbitotomies. This allows for excellent exposure of the orbit for an area lateral
      to a line joining the superior orbital foramen to the inferior orbital foramen.

PMID- 379728
TI  - Double wedge resection for severe involutional ectropion.
AB  - Although the individual elements of our technique are well known to ophthalmic
      plastic surgeons and ophthalmologists, their combination into one procedure for
      use in severe cases of involutional (senile) ectropion has not been described.
      Some authors have advocated performing a two-stage procedure for a severe medial
      ectropion. We have met considerable success in our one-stage procedure and
      advocate its adoption.

PMID- 379729
TI  - Tissue adhesives: new perspectives in corneal perforations.
AB  - In corneal perforations associated with extensive progressive corneal disease, a
      technique using tissue adhesive closure of the perforation site and reformation
      of the anterior chamber before penetrating keratoplasty or conjunctival flap
      mobilization has been described. Over the past year, six eyes have been
      successfully treated in this manner. This method allows reformation of the eye
      under local anesthesia as an emergency procedure without incarceration or injury
      of the intraocular contents and without pain to the patient. The definitive
      surgical procedure can then be performed safely under retrobulbar anesthesia.

PMID- 379730
TI  - Dr. Armaly honored.

PMID- 379731
TI  - History of hemostasis in oral surgery.

PMID- 379732
TI  - Acute pulpal-aleveolar cellulitis syndrome. I. Clinical study of bacterial
      isolates from pulps and exudates of intact teeth, with description of a specific
      culture technique.
AB  - A wide spectrum of microbes has been demonstrated as etiologic factors in the
      severest form of acute pulpal-alveolar infection; acute cellulitis. An
      appreciation of the pathogenic potential or oral microorganisms has been gained.
      Streptococci have been substantiated as the major group of microbes associated
      with acute odontogenic infection. Anaerobes, primarily gram-negative, are also
      significant factors. A culture technique for specific microbial growth has been
      demonstrated and discussed. A simple and economical procedure has been suggested
      for transport of culture and office study.

PMID- 379733
TI  - [Dr. Imre Haynal (1892-1979)].

PMID- 379734
TI  - [In memory of Clemens v. Pirquet].

PMID- 379735
TI  - [The Dusseldorf Medical Academy is 70 years old].

PMID- 379736
TI  - [Experience with the recognition of acute jejection in patients with kidney
      transplantation].

PMID- 379738
TI  - [Portraits of Jozsef Madzsar].

PMID- 379737
TI  - [Reverdin: discoverer of the first successful method for free skin graft].

PMID- 379739
TI  - The treatment of caustic ingestion.

PMID- 379740
TI  - Suturing technique in facial soft tissue injuries.
AB  - This article has presented suturing techniques and instrumentation and
      suggestions that we have found to be helpful in the management of facial soft
      tissue injuries. The reader is encouraged to practice suture and knot tying
      techniques on fresh pigfeet, which are readily accessible and inexpensive and
      approximate the characteristics of human skin.

PMID- 379741
TI  - [Lateral nasal cleft].

PMID- 379742
TI  - [Otorhinolaryngology in Gdynia during the years 1930-1974].

PMID- 379743
TI  - [In memory of Dr. Stanislaw Bylina].

PMID- 379745
TI  - Physicians suffer loss under state MA fees.

PMID- 379744
TI  - [In memory of Col. Dr. Jan Maluj].

PMID- 379746
TI  - [50th anniversary of the death of Clemens von Pirquet].

PMID- 379747
TI  - Physiology and therapy of pain. Selected bibliography.

PMID- 379748
TI  - Dental dolorimetry for human pain research: methods and apparatus.
AB  - Electrical stimulation of human tooth pulp provides a means of safely producing
      human pain in the laboratory. This paper describes a dolorimetry and data
      collection system for stimulating volunteers, recording responses and analyzing
      data. The system allows multilevel stimulation in pseudorandom sequences and
      analysis of results using the methods of Sensory Decision Theory. It consists of
      modified commercial equipment, specially designed circuitry, an interface, and a
      programmable calculator. Fundamental problems and safety considerations for
      electrical dental stimulation are reviewed. Reliability of stimulation and
      response measurement is discussed.

PMID- 379749
TI  - Myocardial electrophysiology: intracellular studies on heart cell cultures from
      newborn rats.
AB  - Electrical properties of cultured newborn rat heart cells are investigated by the
      use of microelectrophysiological methods. Amplitudes of resting and action
      potentials appear close to those of in situ heart cells. Elevated spike rate of
      rise reveals functional fast sodium channels. An inconstant ratio of cells
      exhibit pacemaker-like activity but no relationship can be established between
      this automaticity and the tissular origin of the cultured cells. The pulsation
      rate appears to be linked to the action potential duration and to the pace-maker
      potential slope. Spontaneous arrhythmias may occur; they are mainly caused by
      anomalous conduction and (or) erratic pacemaker driving. Thus heart cell cultures
      may be considered as a precious tool in the field of the cardiac
      electrophysiologal and physiopathological studies.

PMID- 379750
TI  - Transmembrane calcium movements and excitation-contraction coupling in myocardial
      cells.
AB  - It has been realized for a century that Ca2+ is important in the initiation and
      the control of mechanical activity. The present paper does not cover the field of
      excitation-contraction coupling in heart but mainly reports some modern and
      controversial aspects about the regulation of the internal Ca concentration by
      the sarcolemma while the role of internal stores is only discussed. The first
      part deals with flux experiments; the second with the slow inward current mainly
      carried by Ca ions. An analysis of the mechanical activity reveals that only a
      part of tension is triggered by this slow current; besides, a second component of
      tension is demonstrated and an exchange mechanism of Na and Ca ions is described
      in detail. This countertransport, during depolarization, facilitates an influx of
      Ca ions (coupled to an efflux of Na ions). During hyperpolarization, or even at
      the resting membrane potential, it promotes an efflux of Ca ions. Thus, the same
      mechanism may account in part for the development or for the relaxation of
      tension according to the membrane potential.

PMID- 379751
TI  - [Modification of myocardial superficial calcium pools after ischemia (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 379752
TI  - Glucose and palmitate metabolism by beating rat heart cells in culture.
AB  - The metabolism of glucose and palmitate by new born rat heart cell in tissue
      culture was investigated to ascertain the usefulness of this model system for
      metabolic studies. Heart cells in culture oxidize palmitate at a rate which is
      close to the rate reported in vivo. The fate of glucose is shown to differ from
      in vivo. High rates of lactate release are observed although there are many
      evidences that cells are not hypoxic. This impaired regulation is likely due to
      an impaired uptake of glucose.

PMID- 379753
TI  - [Action of erucic and palmitic acids on rat cardiac myoblasts in primary cell
      culture. An ultrastructural study (author's transl)].
AB  - Primary cultures of beating myocardial cells of neonatal rat are taken in order
      to observe the ultrastructural modifications caused by certain long chain fatty
      acids (erucic acid C22 : 1 and palmitic acid C16 : 0). Reference cultures are
      established and observed at the same time as the others. The eurcic acid create
      an intense steatosis, on the opposite palmitic acid does not. On the contrary the
      transormations of certain cellular organites such as mitochondria, dictyosomes,
      rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes are observed in both cases.

PMID- 379754
TI  - [Metabolic consequences of experimental portacaval shunts].

PMID- 379756
TI  - [Automation in quantitative analysis of hematopoietic tissues and in
      immunohematology. Introduction].

PMID- 379755
TI  - [Effects of alanine on the metabolism of lactate and glucose in the isolated
      perfused rat heart (author's transl)].
AB  - Perfused non working isolated rat heart preparations have been used to study
      whether alanine (0,89 gl-1) could represent an energy source for the myocardium.
      Its influence on glucose and lactate metabolism in the heart was also studied.
      The use of 14C labelled compounds permitted the estimation of the oxidation rate
      of these three metabolites. The results show that: 1) Alanine was not utilized by
      the heart. 2) Alanine did not alter myocardial glucose metabolism or lactate
      oxidation. 3) Alanine lowered lactate uptake by the myocardium which may indicate
      that alanine influences lactate transport through the cell membranes. One may
      speculate that in vivo, alanine will not interfere with glucose or lactate
      metabolism by the heart as, even in acute physiological conditions (exercice,
      hypoxie, fasting) lactate is always present in blood at higher concentration than
      alanine.

PMID- 379757
TI  - [Biomedical image analysis by mathematical morphology (author's transl)].
AB  - There coexist two types of biomedical image analysers, namely the specialized and
      the universal ones. This distinction corresponds to the one separating pattern
      recognition from structural analysis. Only specialized devices can give rise to
      full automation. Mathematical morphology turns out to be a common theoretical
      background for both kinds of analysers. It defines the logical conditions
      according to which quantization is possible, and provides a comprehensive class
      of algorithms.

PMID- 379759
TI  - [Quantitative study of medullary adipocytes in marrow aplasia (author's transl)].
AB  - Quantification of adipocyte surface in relation to hematopoietic tissue was
      performed quantitatively with a classimat on 21 marrow biopsies from patients
      belonging to the Cooperative Marrow Aplasia Group. This analysis revealed two
      quantitative parameters, distribution and homogeneity, which permitted the
      classification of the biopsies into four groups. Each of these categories has
      been correlated with clinical and kinetic data.

PMID- 379760
TI  - [Study of the spatial repartition of adipocytes with a texture analyser (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A method is given for quantifying the medullary weakness from biopsies of the
      iliac bone. It consists in calculating the variogram of adipocyte area proportion
      in a moving window of 70 micron x 70 micron moving 2 mm along the thin section. A
      numerical application is provided.

PMID- 379758
TI  - [Histomorphometric analysis of bone-marrow adipose density and heterogeneity in
      myeloid aplasia and dysplasia (author's transl)].
AB  - A method for histomorphometric analysis of sternal, or iliac, bone-marrow
      biopsies is reported. Undecalcified, or decalcified, bone marrow-samples from 169
      patients with aplastic or dyserythropoietic anaemia were studied utilizing
      stereological methods: point counting analysis on serial sections. The most
      informative structure parameters in each of the marrow were the volume density of
      adipose cells (after correction for the variation with age) inversely related to
      marrow cellularity, and the standard-deviation (after angular transformation arc
      sin square root p) correlated with marrow heterogeneity. Hypercellularity, or
      heterogeneity, appeared to be related to histo-cytological features of
      dyserythropoiesis and they were associated with a better prognosis comparatively
      with hypocellular homogeneous marrows.

PMID- 379761
TI  - [Quantitative study of the medullar fibrosis in 84 cases of idiopathic myeloid
      splenomegaly (author's transl)].
AB  - 84 bone marrow biopsies were analysed by quantification methods with Classimat.
      The initial diagnosis was: idiopathic myelofibrosis with splenomegaly. A previous
      study divided the patients among three categories, according to the
      classification in three progressive stages of the bone marrow disease. The
      quantitative lecture was done after reticulin coloration, "in blind", and on
      several biopsies from the same patient. The results show good correlation with
      classical histologic methods. The quantitative measure of fibrosis is already
      important as soon as the first stages of the disease. Correlations with prognosis
      are more difficult to define.

PMID- 379762
TI  - [Quantitative study of hepatic fibrosis in Hodgkin's disease (author's transl)].
AB  - The construction of a prototype apparatus adapted to the constraints of tissue
      structures has permitted not only the quantification of fibrosis within the liver
      but also analysis of its distribution. The cumulative histograms thus achieved
      permit the characterization of the liver in Hodgkin's disease and its
      differentiation from other forms of hepatic fibrosis.

PMID- 379763
TI  - [Image analysis application at immuno-hematology (author's transl)].
AB  - Image analysis is an original method for the determination of blood groups and
      tissue types and for the serology of syphilis. Major advantages are the rapid and
      specific discrimination of biological particles present in agglutinated or free
      form, either fluorescent or stained. The reading of the tests is instantaneous
      and quantitative. The results are expressed immediately and stored with the use
      of computers. We have studied three micromethods, two for red blood cell grouping
      and irregular antibodies screening and one for the serology of syphilis, each one
      being adapted for an automatic system.

PMID- 379764
TI  - [Gastric mucus glycoproteins : structure, functions and pathology (author's
      transl)].
AB  - O-glycosylated glycoproteins are the main constituents of gastric mucus. They are
      responsible for its viscosity and for its gel-forming properties. Recent advances
      accomplished over the last years on its physical and chemical characterization
      are briefly reviewed. Many issues remain still unsettled concerning the
      modification of its structure and composition in diseases as well as details of
      its biosynthesis and its pharmacology.

PMID- 379765
TI  - Quantitative evaluation of the in vitro biosynthesis of gastric mucus
      glycoproteins. Standardization of the methodology.
AB  - For the evaluation of a normal or pathological function of gastric mucosa, a
      reproducible method for the estimation of the biosynthesis of mucus glycoproteins
      appears to be necessary. Rat gastric mucosal scrapings incorporate in vitro
      several labeled compounds such as 14C-U-D-glucose, 35SO4, 14C-I-L-fucose and L-G
      3H-proline in glycoproteins similar to those synthetized in vivo by native
      mucosa. The aim of our present work is to describe in detail the procedure we use
      and to show its reproducibility in 9 separate experiments. Secreted glycoproteins
      (fraction II) and intracellular glycoproteins (fraction III) obtained during a 4
      hours in vitro incubation of rat gastric mucosal scrapings at 37 degrees C in
      standardized conditions were separately studied. The protein and hexose contents,
      total incorporated radioactivity and specific radioactivity (cpm/mg protein) were
      determined in these two fractions. The protein content of fraction II from 2 rat
      gastric mucosal scrapings incubated in 5 ml was 2 mg +/- 0.4 SEM and its hexose
      was 38.7 mg per 100 mg protein +/- 3.9. Fraction III contained 6.3 mg protein +/-
      1.3 and 15.7 mg hexose per 100 mg protein +/- 3.5. About 27% of the total
      radioactivity incorporated (from 14C-glucose) was in fraction II (+/- 2.6 SEM)
      and 73% (+/- 2.6 SEM) in the cell bound fraction III. The distribution of total
      radioactivity was quite similar to that of total proteins : about 25% proteins
      were in fraction II and 75% in fraction III with a SEM of about 5 to 10% of the
      average value. If the biosynthetic activity is expressed as specific
      radioactivity, i.e. the ratio of incorporated radioactivity to mg proteins, the
      average for both fraction II and fraction III was about 10,000 cpm/mg protein and
      the standard error of the mean values are +/- 5.2% of the mean for in vitro
      secreted mucus glycoproteins (fraction II) and 9.1% in the case of intracellular
      glycoproteins (fraction III). These values can be considered as a satisfactory
      index of reproducibility of the method of mucosal scrapings if performed as
      described above.

PMID- 379766
TI  - John Perry oration--22 August 1977: cot deaths in perspective.

PMID- 379767
TI  - [Immune factors in heart pathology].

PMID- 379768
TI  - [Nikolai Nikiforovich Zaiko (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 379769
TI  - The medical treatment of epilepsy: maintenance of drug therapy.

PMID- 379770
TI  - Normal and abnormal puberty in the female.

PMID- 379771
TI  - Endocrine disorders associated with tumors of the pituitary and hypothalamus.

PMID- 379772
TI  - Pediatric parathyroid disorders.

PMID- 379773
TI  - Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis in children.
AB  - Antibiotic-associated colitis is a rare complication of antimicrobial therapy in
      children. Ampicillin, penicillin, and clindamycin are the drugs most frequently
      reported to cause pseudomembranous colitis in pediatric patients. This diagnosis
      should be suspected in any child with significant diarrhea during or after a
      course of antimicrobial therapy, especially if the diarrhea persists after the
      drug has been discontinued. The diagnosis is established by proctoscopic findings
      of typical plaques of pseudomembranes. Most cases resolve promptly when the
      implicated antibiotic is stopped; however, the disease can be fulminant,
      progressing to toxic megacolon, peritonitis, and shock. Therapy of patients who
      have persistent diarrhea after the offending antibiotic has been discontinued
      should include oral vancomycin. Close fluid management is crucial for survival.

PMID- 379774
TI  - Chlamydial infections.

PMID- 379775
TI  - Giardiasis.

PMID- 379776
TI  - Viral hepatitis.

PMID- 379777
TI  - Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: implications for an infectious disease.
AB  - There is a broad spectrum of presentations and severity of necrotizing
      enterocolitis. Because it may have several different causes, ncerotizing
      enterocolitis may be a syndrome rather than a specific disease. The triad of
      formula feeding, intestinal ischemia, and bacterial growth may be part of the
      pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis. Bacteria are of central importance for
      the production of pneumatosis, a prerequisite of which is formula feeding.
      Bacteria may also contribute to the intestinal injury seen after ischemia.
      However, the disease in the low risk patient seen during an epidemic associated
      with a single organism is probably caused by a primary gastrointestinal
      infection. On the other hand, in the stressed newborn infant with mucosal injury
      the presence of the appropriate bacteria may be all that is needed to initiate
      the chain of events leading to necrotizing enterocolitis. Figure 2 illustrates
      the importance of bacteria in all the causes proposed to be involved in the
      pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis. Whether bacteria are primary or
      secondary agents, necrotizing enterocolitis should always be approached
      therapeutically as an infectious disease.

PMID- 379778
TI  - Infant botulism.
AB  - Infant botulism is a unique neuromuscular disease affecting infants less than six
      months old. It is the result of intraintestinal toxin production by C. botulinum
      (toxi-infection). Characteristic symptoms include constipation, lethargy, and
      decreased feeding. Physical examination often reveals generalized hypotonia with
      cranial nerve impairment. Recovery is dependent on supportive care in an
      intensive care setting. The relationship of this disease to the sudden infant
      death syndrome requires further study.

PMID- 379779
TI  - Plague and tularemia.

PMID- 379780
TI  - Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

PMID- 379781
TI  - Spirochetal infections.

PMID- 379782
TI  - Tetanus.

PMID- 379784
TI  - Diphtheria.

PMID- 379783
TI  - Yersinia enterocolitica infections in children.
AB  - Y. enterocolitica has been increasingly associated with a wide range of age
      related clinical manifestations in children and adults, including febrile
      gastroenteritis, pseudoappendicitis, arthritis, sepsis, and focal suppurative
      disease. Although definite patterns of incidence, prevalence, transmission, and
      pathophysiology are emerging, much remains to be explained. The alert clinician
      who notifies his clinical laboratory colleagues that special isolation techniques
      are required to recover this organism from stool samples, and who submits
      mesenteric lymph nodes for bacteriologic examination in cases of mesenteric
      adenitis, will aid attempts to further delineate the significance of this
      emerging pathogen in the United States. Therapy depends on the form and severity
      of illness and must be guided by in vitro sensitivity, pending animal and
      epidemiologic studies.

PMID- 379786
TI  - [Effect of drug electrophoresis on the body of children with chronic penumonia].

PMID- 379785
TI  - [External respiratory functional indices in a comparative evaluation of the
      effectiveness of glucocorticoid therapy in children with bronchial asthma].

PMID- 379787
TI  - [Effect of comprehensive antibacterial therapy in combination with prodigiozan on
      energy metabolic indices in children and adolescents with pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 379788
TI  - [Characteristics of the action of oxidizing drugs in women with habitual
      abortion].

PMID- 379789
TI  - [Effectiveness of the specific hyposensitization of children with allergoses
      using a peroral vaccine from house dust].

PMID- 379790
TI  - [Use of anthranilic acid derivatives in the overall treatment of chronic
      nonspecific lung diseases in children].

PMID- 379791
TI  - [Immune status of newborn infants with particular reference to intrauterine
      dystrophy syndrome].

PMID- 379792
TI  - Imagery and the autonomic nervous system: some methodological issues.
AB  - The present paper is concerned with the role played by image content in the
      mediation of autonomic nervous system (ANS) arousal. The minimum methodological
      requirements of such studies are described including controls for imaging, image
      content, and expectancy effects. Studies meeting these requirements are then
      reviewed. It is concluded that image content can be a significant modifier of ANS
      arousal and that this property is not restricted to images containing affective,
      e.g., phobic, content. These conclusions have relevance to research into
      techniques such as biofeedback, Transcendental Meditation, and progressive
      relaxation, where imagery many have a profound influence but where it has
      received little direct empirical attentiol.

PMID- 379793
TI  - Use of relaxation training to reduce pain following vaginal hysterectomy.

PMID- 379794
TI  - Dupuytren's invention of the Mikulicz enterotome with a note on eponyms.

PMID- 379795
TI  - For the amusement of cardiologists.

PMID- 379796
TI  - A consultation with Dr. Dominique-Jean Larrey.

PMID- 379797
TI  - Detours on the road to successful treatment of sickle cell anemia.

PMID- 379798
TI  - Sir William and Dr. Will: a study of contrast in greatness.

PMID- 379799
TI  - Anton J. Carlson: a biographical sketch.

PMID- 379800
TI  - Franklin Chambers McLean and the founding of the University of Chicago School of
      Medicine.

PMID- 379801
TI  - The cultivation of excellence.

PMID- 379802
TI  - Two decades of experimental and clinical orthotopic homotransplantation of the
      heart.

PMID- 379803
TI  - Do low doses of deoxycholate modify the release of rat jejunal brush border
      hydrolases?
AB  - The in-vivo effects of sodium deoxycholate (DOC) at low concentrations on the
      release of protein and some brush border hydrolases, sucrase (SA), maltase (MA),
      leucine aminopeptidase (LA), alkaline phosphatase (AP), have been investigated in
      the rat by a jejunal perfusion technique. During perfusion with DOC (0.125 or
      0.25 mmol/l), enzyme release was not enhanced. After removal of DOC from the
      perfusion solution with 0.125 mmol/l DOC, there was a steady release of SA, MA
      and AP although enzyme release was increased linearly in the control and the 0.25
      mmol/l DOC groups. The results also confirm the deep localization of AP within
      the membrane.

PMID- 379804
TI  - [The microflora in cosmetics and non-sterile pharmaceuticals, and the
      microbiological standards for these products. Microbiological standards for
      cosmetics and non-sterile pharmaceuticals. A survey (author's transl)].

PMID- 379805
TI  - [Bacteria profiles in four coastal areas of East Zealand--coliform bacteria, E.
      coli and vibriolike organisms (VLO) (author's transl)].
AB  - The prevalence of E. coli, coliforms and Vibrio-like-organisms has been studied
      at four different sites along the east coast of Zealand. High values were
      registered in sediment taken from the water-line and at a depth of one meter.
      Generally there exist significant differences between the bacterial counts of
      water and sediment, and it is obvious that the greatest concentration is in the
      waterline sediment. The epidemiological and hygienic consequences of these facts
      are discussed.

PMID- 379806
TI  - The impact of diet and nutrition on periodontal health.

PMID- 379808
TI  - [Optimal expiratory positive pressure during artificial ventilation. Application
      in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in the adult (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In a group of 14 patients (7 males and 7 females) ventilated artificially for
      acute respiratory distress syndrome, the authors defined a level of optimal
      expiratory positive pressure giving an FiO2 = 1, an arterial pO2 greater than or
      equal to 400 mmhg and/or an intrapulmonary shunt less than or equal to 15%.
      Improvement in arterial pO2 under such conditions would appear to be related to
      maximum alveolar recrutment. This optimal level of expiratory positive pressure
      would appear to be independent of values of total static pulmonary compliance.
      The long term use of this technique would seem to be encouraging.

PMID- 379807
TI  - [Initial immunochemotherapy in inflammatory carcinomas of the breast. Preliminary
      results of a trials in 9 patients (author's transl)].
AB  - Traditional treatments have proved to be of little effect on inflammatory
      carcinomas of the breast. The later show a tendency to early metastases and the
      mean survival is less than 19 months. The preliminary results of the therapeutic
      protocol reported here and whose originality lies in the primary use of non
      specific immunotherapy and of high-dosage chemotherapy appear to be very
      favourable. The protocol was used in 9 patients. "Thermographic cooling" was
      taken as the criterion of operability. Initial chemotherapy was restarted after
      surgery up to a total of 10 courses, and followed by maintenance chemotherapy for
      one year. Immunotherapy using BCG was routinely associated with the antimitotic
      agents. After 41 months, the results were as follows: -- local recurrence after
      tumorectomy in 2 patients (18th and 31st months); these recurrences were
      controlled by cobalt. -- the other 7 patients show no sign of recurrence. These 9
      patients are presently in complete remission.

PMID- 379809
TI  - [Cryptococcosis: serodiagnosis by immunoenzymology (ELISA) (author's transl)].
AB  - For the first time ELISA test was applied for the human cryptococcosis
      serodiagnosis. We have used the somatic and metabolic antigene extracted from
      culture of Cryptococcus neoformans. It seems that metabolic antigenosis more
      specific and more actif. For two cryptococcosis conformated cases (9 sera), ELISA
      test was always and intensely positive and, in one case after curative treatment,
      we have seen an importante antibodies decrease. If this first results were
      confirmated, the ELISA test should give some new perspectives for the sero
      diagnosis of the cryptococcosis and for the survey of the treatment, that was
      until now in practice unrealizable.

PMID- 379810
TI  - [Tubal repermeabilisation after sterilisation. Techniques and results (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Requests for repermeabilisation surgery, previously rare, are becoming more
      common. The indications for reparative surgery are analysed. Microsurgery is
      possible when the length of the remaining tube us adequate, more than 5 cm, and
      the ampulla undamaged. It is made difficult when the initial sterilisation
      procedure has destroyed too long a segment of the tube: electrocoagulation,
      resection of a long loop of tube. It is impossible when the ampulla and the
      adjacent portion of the tube have been damaged. Microsurgical techniques
      certainly improve the results of reparative surgery. After end-to-end anastomosis
      of the medial half of the tube, 60 to 75% of pregnancies going to term are
      obtained, and more than 90% secondary permeability. New methods for surgical
      sterilisation such as clips or rings should make it possible to achieve even
      better results in the future.

PMID- 379811
TI  - [Lymphocyte migration inhibition in rabbit experimental syphilis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - During rabbit experimental syphilis a suspension of Treponema pallidum (TP) was
      used as antigen. The evolution of anti TP antibodies was followed up to the
      fifteenth month, the antibody titer was maximum at month seven. A stimulation of
      leukocytes migration test was observed up to the sixth month then a significant
      inhibition appeared (chi square test) which persists after the ninth month. Hence
      the possibility was discussed that some form of cellular immunity appears
      secondary while immune response was mostly of humoral type at the beginning of
      the disease.

PMID- 379812
TI  - [Radio-immunometric determination of the ferritin for evaluation of the iron
      storage pool (author's transl)].
AB  - Seventy-three patients with several haematological diseases have been studied
      with radio-iron-kinetic, cyto-chemical measurement of iron in the bone marrow,
      and radio-immunometric determination of the ferritin in the serum. This method
      gives results which correlate significantly with other methods which evaluate the
      iron storage pool, in normal or iron-deficient patients. In some cases, an excess
      of serum ferritin, contrasting with normal serum iron, is confirmed by
      cytochemical and/or Fe-kinetic studies. In myeloproliferative diseases however,
      secretion of ferritin by immature cells may induce an excess of serum ferritin.
      In such cases, the dosage of ferritinaemia cannot be considered as an index of
      the iron storage pool. Future development of specific dosage of isoferritins
      could enable to measure the true iron stores, as well as to give an index
      estimating the evolution of the abnormal cell population.

PMID- 379813
TI  - [Palliative oesophago-jejunal anastomosis for advanced carcinoma of the stomach
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Palliative oesophago-jejunal anastomosis via a purely abdominal approach is
      proposed in the treatment of inoperable carcinoma of the stomach, and in which
      gastro-enterostomy is not possible. The latero-lateral nature avoiding any
      dissection of the oesophagus and the wide calibre of the anastomosis made
      possible by automatic suture clamps are factors in ensuring the reliability and
      effectiveness of the method, which considerably improves the living conditions of
      these patients.

PMID- 379814
TI  - [Human african trypanosomiasis. Immunoenzymological diagnosis].

PMID- 379815
TI  - [Transitory medullary hypoplasia induced by sodium dipropylacetate (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 379816
TI  - The nucleotide sequence of the major glutamate transfer RNA from
      Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of glutamate tRNA1 from Schizosaccharomyces pombe was
      determined to be pU-C-C-G-U-U-G-U-m1G-G-U-C-C-A-A-C-G-G-C-D-A-G-G-A-U-U-C-G-U-C-G
      C-U-U-U*-C-A-C-C-G-A-C-G-G-G-A-G-m5C-G-G-G-G-T-psi-C-G-A-C-U-C-C-C-C-G-C-A-A-C-G
      G-A-G-C-C-AOH. The sequence differs markedly from that of S. cerevisiae tRNAGlu.
      S. pombe glutamate tRNA1 can be aminoacylated by the homologous glutaminyl-tRNA
      synthetase as well as by the corresponding enzyme from S. cerevisiae.

PMID- 379817
TI  - Propagation of restriction fragments from the mitochondrial DNA of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae in E. coli by means of plasmid vectors.
AB  - Some of the EcoRI fragments of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mitochondrial DNA
      were cloned into E. coli using plasmid pMB9. The five smallest fragments in
      molecular weight appeared to be preferentially retained by E coli; partial
      fragments derived from larger mitochondrial DNA fragments were also found. One of
      the fragments, R7 (2.4 kb), may contain the OII gene. Cloned R7 DNA was stable
      under a variety of growth conditions, but showed some changes in molecular weight
      after transfer to different E. coli strains. Fragment R7 is transcribed in
      minicells, producing RNA that hybridizes specifically to mitochondrial DNA. Both
      DNA strands are transcribed, in contrast to the asymmetric transcription found in
      mitochondria. No new polypeptides were observed in minicells containing cloned
      fragment 7.

PMID- 379818
TI  - Segmental flexibility in Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S1 as studied by
      fluorescence polarization.
AB  - Ribosomal protein S1 covalently reacts with approximately one equivalent of
      iodoacetylethylenediamine (1,5-napthol sulfonate (IAEDANS) or
      iodoacetylaminofluorescein (IAAF). The product AEDANS-S1 can bind to 30S
      ribosomal subunits lacking S1 as shown by polyacrylamide-agarose gel
      electrophoresis AEDANS-S1 and AAF-S1 when added back to S1-depleted 30S subunits
      modulate poly(U)-dependent polyphenylalanine synthesis in the presence of IF3 in
      a very similar way to unmodified S1. AEDANS-S1 also stimulates RI7-dependent fMet
      tRNA binding to 1.0M NH4C1 washed ribosomes whereas AAF-S1 does not. Both static
      and nanosecond fluorescence polarization techniques were used to study the
      rotational motions of AEDANS-S1. Several previous studies had indicated that S1
      is a highly extended protein which can be modeled by a prolate ellipsoid with an
      axial ratio of 10 to 1. However, the rotational correlation time we find is about
      half that expected for such a particle. This suggests that S1 is a flexible
      protein with at least two domains that can rotate independently.

PMID- 379819
TI  - A ribonuclease-resistant region of 5S RNA and its relation to the RNA binding
      sites of proteins L18 and L25.
AB  - An RNA fragment, constituting three subfragments of nucleotide sequences 1-11, 69
      87 and 89-120, is the most ribonuclease-resistant part of the native 5S RNA of
      Escherichia coli, at 0 degrees C. A smaller fragment of nucleotide sequence 69-87
      and 90-110 is ribonuclease-resistant at 25 degrees. Degradation of the L25-5S RNA
      complex with ribonuclease A or T2 yielded RNA fragments similar to those of the
      free 5S RNA at 0 degrees C and 25 degrees C; moreover L25 remained strongly bound
      to both RNA fragments and also produced some opening of the RNA structure in at
      least two positions. Protein L18 initially protected most of the 5S RNA against
      ribonuclease digestion, at 0 degrees C, but was then gradually released prior to
      the formation of the larger RNA fragment. It cannot be concluded, therefore, as
      it was earlier (Gray et al., 1973), that this RNA fragment contains the primary
      binding site of L18.

PMID- 379820
TI  - The use of R-looping for structural gene identification and mRNA purification.
AB  - A method is presented for the purification of mRNAs and the identification of
      structural gene sequences in recombinant DNA molecules. RNA is hybridized to
      double-stranded linear DNA such that R-loops are formed between most DNAs and
      their complementary RNA sequences. These R-loops are purified from unhybridized
      RNAs by gel filtration chromatography in the presence of a high concentration of
      salt. The complementary RNAs are released from the R-loops by heating, and are
      assayed by gel electrophoresis or cell free translation to determine their purity
      and to identify the proteins for which they code. We have demonstrated that
      recombinant DNAs containing sequences for abundant or moderately abundant mRNAs
      of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be identified by this means.

PMID- 379821
TI  - Improved methods for the formation and stabilization of R-loops.
AB  - Improved methods for the formation and stabilization of R-loops for visualization
      in the electron microscope are presented. The two complementary strands of a
      duplex DNA are photochemically crosslinked once every 1 to 3 kb using 4, 5', 8
      trimethylpsoralen. R-loops are then formed by incubation with RNA in 70%
      formamide at a temperature above the DNA melting temperature. Finally, the R
      loops are stabilized by modifying the free single strand of DNA with glyoxal,
      thus minimizing the displacement of the hybridized RNA by branch migration. In
      this manner R-loops can be formed and visualized at a high frequency irrespective
      of the base composition of the nucleic acid of interest.

PMID- 379822
TI  - A study on the unprimed poly (dA-dT) synthesis catalyzed by preparations of E.
      coli DNA polymerase I.
AB  - Evidence was obtained indicating that the initiation of poly (dA-dT) de novo
      synthesis is provided by deoxynucleoside diphosphate: oligonucleotide
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase (dNDP-transferase present in preparations of E. coli
      DNA polymerase I and capable of catalyzing the unprimed polymerization of dNDP.
      dNDP-transferase synthesyzes short oligonucleotides which form template-primer
      complexes repeatedly replicated by DNA polymerase I. This conclusion was based on
      the following observations: the abolition of the lag period of poly (dA-dT)
      synthesis by preincubation of DNA-polymerase I preparations with dADP and dTDP;
      the presence of oligo (dA-dT) among the preincubation products; the suppressive
      effect of dithiothreitol and N-ethylmaleimide (inhibitors of dNDP-transferase) on
      the de novo, but not on the primed synthesis of poly (dA-dT), catalyzed by
      preparations of DNA-polymerase I.

PMID- 379823
TI  - Rapid chemical synthesis and circular dichroism properties of some 2'-5'-linked
      oligoriboadenylates.
AB  - Specific synthesis of some oligoadenylates including A2'p5'A2'p5'Ap(2'), the 2'
      phosphorylated oligoribonucleotide core of the recently discovered protein
      synthesis inhibitor pppA2'p5'A2'p5'A is described using a novel solid-phase
      method. The CD spectra of A2'p5'Ap(2'), A2'p5'A2'p5'Ap(2') and A2'p5'A2'p5'A
      (derived by treatment of the phosphorylated synthetic trimer with E. coli
      alkaline phosphatase) are presented. Comparison of the latter spectrum with that
      of A2'p5'A2'p5'A obtained similarly from a biologically derived sample of
      pppA2'p5'A2'p5'A provides further evidence that this molecule is in fact the
      first naturally-occurring 2'-5'-linked oligoribonucleotide.

PMID- 379824
TI  - Studies on gene control regions X. The effect of specific adenine-thymine
      transversions on the lac repressor-lac operator interaction.
AB  - Chemical and enzymatic methods were used to synthesize a transition (AT to GC)
      and a transversion (AT to TA) at a lac operator site known to interact with lac
      repressor through the thymine 5 methyl group. These operators also contained a
      poly(dA) . poly(dT) tail 8 to 12 base pairs in length at one end. Results suggest
      that the steric constraints of lac repressor relative to the position of the 5
      methyl group are quite critical. For example a seven fold reduction in stability
      was observed for the transversion. Results also suggest that the operator spans
      at least 21 base pairs.

PMID- 379825
TI  - 1H NMR studies on the conformational characteristics of 2-thiopyrimidine
      nucleotides found in transfer RNAs.
AB  - The molecular conformations of naturally occurring 2-thiopyrimidine nucleosides
      (5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine, 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine and 2
      thiocytidine) and 5'-mononucleotides (5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine 5'
      monophosphate and 2-thiocytidine 5'-monophosphate) in 2H2O solution were
      elucidated by analyses of the proton NMR spin-coupling constant, nuclear
      Overhauser effect, and lanthanide-induced shifts and relaxation enhancements. As
      monomers, these nucleotides are almost exclusively in the 3E-gg-anti form, even
      in the absence of ordinary stabilizing factors of this form; i. e., base-stacking
      and base-pairing interactions with other nucleotide units. This inherent
      conformational rigidity of the 2-thiopyrimidine units probably contributes to
      stability of the conformation of tRNA.

PMID- 379826
TI  - Studies on the RNA and protein binding sites of the E. coli ribosomal protein
      L10.
AB  - We have used modification of specific amino acid residues in the E. coli
      ribosomal protein L10 as a tool to study its interactions with another ribosomal
      protein, L7/L12, as well as with ribosomal core particles and with 23S RNA. The
      ribosome and RNA binding capability of L10 was found to be inhibited by
      modification of one more of its arginine residues. This treatment does not affect
      the ability of L10 to bind four molecules of L7/L12 in a L7/L12-L10 complex. Our
      results support the view that L10's role in promoting the L7/L12-ribosome
      association is due primarily to its ability to bind to both 23S RNA and L7/L12
      simultaneously.

PMID- 379827
TI  - Characterization of in vitro transcription initiation and termination sites in
      Col E1 DNA.
AB  - Overlapping restriction fragments from the region between the single Eco R1 site
      and the origin of replication of the plasmid, Col E1, have been utilised as
      templates in an in vitro transcription assay using E. coli RNA polymerase.
      Transcription towards the single Eco R1 site is initiated at a point 415 bp to
      the origin side of that site. In vivo, transcription starting at this point
      probably produces the mRNA for the colicin immunity protein. Transcription away
      from the Eco R1 site is initiated at a point 140 bp to the origin side of that
      site and terminated 30 bp further on. This terminator is probably the point at
      which transcription of the colicin gene is terminated in vivo. DNA sequence
      analysis in both these regions demonstrated several similarities to other
      prokaryotic regulatory regions. 50% homology between the putative immunity
      promoter and other prokaryotic promoters is apparent, so are similarities in AT
      content. Upstream of the ATG start codon the sequence PuPuTTTPuPu and a
      termination codon (TAA) appear; both are typical of prokaryotic ribosome binding
      sites. The colicin terminator demonstrated similarities to other rho-independent
      prokaryotic terminators: a GC-rich region with termination in an adjacent AT-rich
      region containing T clusters on the non-coding strand. The possible role of
      initiation upstream from the colicin terminator is discussed.

PMID- 379828
TI  - Entrapment of plasmid DNA in liposomes.
AB  - The entrapment of plasmid DNA (pMB9) and high molecular weight DNA into large
      unilamellar liposomes is described. The entrapment of DNA is specific and due to
      encapsulation of DNA into the aqueous compartment of liposomes. The entrapped
      Dna, resistant to deoxyribonuclease treatment, could be reisolated from liposomes
      intact and, as has been shown by transformation assay, it remains biologically
      active. The advantages of our method and possible applications are discussed.

PMID- 379829
TI  - Studies on the binding of the ribosomal protein complex L7/12-L10 and protein L11
      to the 5'-one third of 23S RNA: a functional centre of the 50S subunit.
AB  - The RNA binding sites of the protein complex of L7/12 dimers and L10, and of
      protein L11, occur within the 5'-one third of 23S RNA. Binding of the L7/12-L10
      protein complex to the 23S RNA is stimulated by protein L11 and vice-versa. This
      is the second example to be established of mutual stimulation of RNA binding by
      two ribosomal proteins or protein complexes, and suggests that this may be an
      important principle governing ribosomal protein-RNA assembly. When the L7/12-L10
      complex is bound to the RNA, L10 becomes strongly resistant to trypsin. Since the
      L7/12 dimer does not bind specifically to the 23S RNA, this suggests that L10
      constitutes a major RNA binding site of the protein complex. Only one of the
      L7/12 dimers is bound strongly in the (L7/12-L10)-23S RNA complex; the other can
      dissociate with no concurrent loss of L10.

PMID- 379830
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the genes III, VI and I of bacteriophage M13.
AB  - A DNA region of 2750 base pairs encompassing the genes III, VI and I of
      bacteriophage M13 has been sequenced by the Maxam-Gilbert procedure. By
      establishing the nucleotide changes introduced by several amber mutations, the
      coding region and the regulatory signals of each gene have been deduced. The
      genes appear to span 1275 base pairs (gene III; mol.wt. 44,748) 339 base pairs
      (gene VI; mol.wt. 12,264) and 1047 base pairs (gene I; mol.wt. 39,500). Their
      separating non-codogenic regions are extremely short, namely two and one base
      pair, respectively. The C-terminal end of gene I, however, intrudes 23
      nucleotides into gene IV. From the nucleotide sequence it appears that the minor
      capsid protein of the phage, which is encoded by gene III, is synthesized in a
      precursor form containing 18 extra amino acids at its N-terminal end.
      Furthermore, in this capsid protein two clusters of a fourfold repeat of the
      sequence Glu-Gly-Gly-Gly-Ser are apparent. Gene VI appears to code for a small,
      extremely hydrophobic polypeptide. Its total hydrophobic amino acids content of
      51% suggests that this protein can only function in the host cell membrane.

PMID- 379831
TI  - Blue dextran Sepharose chromatography of the tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase of E.
      coli: a potential application for the purification of the enzyme.
AB  - E. coli tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase can form a complex with Blue-dextran
      Sepharose, in the presence or in the absence of Mg++. In its absence, the complex
      is dissociated by either ATP or cognate tRNATrp. However, in the presence of
      Mg++, only tRNATrp can dissociate the complex whereas ATP has no effect. E. coli
      total tRNA or tRNAMet, at the same concentration, cannot displace the synthetase
      from the complex. It is suggested that the Blue-dextran binds to the synthetase
      through its tRNA binding domain. This hypothesis is supported by previous
      findings with polynucleotide phosphorylase showing that Blue-dextran Sepharose
      can be used in affinity chromatography to recognize a polynucleotide binding site
      of the protein. The selective elution by its cognate tRNA of Trp-tRNA synthetase
      bound to Blue-dextran Sepharose provides a rapid and efficient purification of
      the enzyme. Examples of other synthetases and nucleotidyl transferases are also
      discussed.

PMID- 379832
TI  - Applied immunology in clinico-pathologic diagnostics.

PMID- 379833
TI  - Hepatitis B: viral antigens and histology reflect state of immune response.

PMID- 379834
TI  - Comparative histologic, histochemical, and histomorphometric studies of T and B
      cell areas in peripheral lymphoid organs of normal young adult BALB/C mice.
AB  - T cell areas can be distinguished from adjacent B cell compartments in routinely
      stained histologic sections of paraffin-embedded mouse lymph nodes and spleens by
      their comparatively loose texture. The reliability of this morphologic criterion
      for identifying T cell areas has been proven in comparative histologic, enzyme
      histochemical, and immunohistochemical investigations. It is thus possible to
      determine the size of functionally different compartments in the lymph nodes and
      spleen of the mouse with sufficient accuracy by the use of conventional
      histologic techniques. According to our subsequent histomorphometrical studies in
      two groups of inbred mice matched with respect to age and strain, the proportions
      of B cell areas in the peripheral lymphoid organs varied significantly depending
      on environmental conditions, whereas the proportions of T cell areas were stable.

PMID- 379835
TI  - Histological and immunohistological studies on gastric mucosa. I. The presence of
      CEA in dysplastic surface epithelium.
AB  - Surface and foveolar gastric cells (SE) of 74 gastric resection specimens were
      studied by classical and indirect immunoenzyme histology. Immunoadsorbed CEA
      antibodies reacting only with the specific determinant of of the CEA molecule
      were applied. The following SE types with different CEA distribution patterns
      were observed: Type SE-O, no CEA, normal neutral mucosubstances (MCS); type SE-A,
      CEA present in the lower half of the SE, important decrease of MCS, mild cell
      dysplasia by conventional criteria; type SE-B, CEA present in the total cell,
      absence of MCS, moderate until marked dysplasia; type SE-C, CEA present or
      decreased, absence of MCS, very important cell dysplasia resembling cancer cells.
      CEA proved to be useful as marker for the degree of SE dysplasia.

PMID- 379836
TI  - [Usefulness of free skin flap from foot dorsum in microvascular anastomoses].

PMID- 379837
TI  - [Primary perineal suture following abdomino-perineal amputation of the rectum for
      carcinoma].

PMID- 379838
TI  - [Results of cholecystectomy performed without suturing the gallbladder].

PMID- 379839
TI  - Professor Sir Charles Stuart-Harris.

PMID- 379840
TI  - The growth of virus research 1928--1978.

PMID- 379841
TI  - Chlormethiazole--no hangover effect but not an ideal hypnotic for the young.
AB  - The hangover effects of 768 mg chlormethiazole, an hypnotic with a half-life of
      approximately 4 hr, were compared with those of placebo in a double-blind cross
      over study in 8 young subjects. Ten hours after dosing there were no differences
      between the preparations in the subjects' psychomotor performance, EEG sleep
      scores, or visual analogue ratings. Thus, an hypnotic which is rapidly removed
      from the body may confer considerable advantages. However, all 8 subjects had
      unpleasant nasal symptoms following chlormethiazole, and it is therefore not an
      ideal hypnotic for this age group.

PMID- 379842
TI  - Severe bronchial asthma requiring ventilation. A review of 20 cases and advice on
      management.
AB  - The natural history and outcome of 20 asthmatics who required mechanical
      ventilation is reviewed. Seven of these patients died. The majority of the deaths
      could have been prevented if: (1) The patient had been followed-up in an asthma
      clinic and had been fully informed of the danger of an asthmatic attack. (2) The
      medical staff had been trained more fully in the evaluation and management of a
      severe asthma attack. Careful sequential assessment will enable timely transfer
      of patients with severe bronchial asthma to a unit experienced in their
      management.

PMID- 379843
TI  - [Caval catheterization via the innominate vein (author's transl)].
AB  - Experience gained in 3500 supraclavicular innominate vein punctures for
      catheterization of the superior vena cava with the indirect technique is
      explained and discussed. The innominate vein is easily accessible in every state
      of blood circulation, even intraoperatively when the patient is covered by
      drapes. The thrombosis risk is reduced because of the wide lumen and the straight
      course of the vessel (vena anonyma dextra). The special advantages of the
      indirect technique are the small puncture trauma and absence of false positions.
      The only important complication observed during an average infusion time of 8
      days was pneumothorax at a rate of 1.4%.

PMID- 379844
TI  - [Development of anaesthetic technique for endolaryngeal surgery 1960--1976
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In 1960 direct laryngoscopy in combination with general anaesthesia with
      relaxation and intermittent positive negative pressure ventilation via a
      smallbore blocker tube was introduced. When, in 1965, microlaryngoscopy was
      developed it was exclusively performed with this technique. Since 1960, 44, 464
      ear, nose or throat operations were carried out. 3,305 (7.4%) were endolaryngeal
      operations. 943 of them were performed in surface analgesia. 2,363
      microlaryngoscopic operations were done under general anaesthesia. 22.5 per cent
      of the patients were women and 77.5 per cent were men. Their age varied between 6
      weeks and 86 years. 2.4 per cent were children under 6 years of age and 33 per
      cent were aged over 60 years. The main advantages of this method over "open
      laryngeal surgery" are: 1. it provides a large measure of safety for the patient
      since even old and obese persons with a rigid rib cage can be adequately
      ventilated; the cuff prevents aspiration; there is no danger of the patient
      waking up during relaxation since he is being kept ventilated with a mixture of
      nitrous oxide-oxygen and halothane. Ventilation via the blocker tube begins
      immediately after intubation and not, as in open jet ventilation, after insertion
      of the laryngoscope. 2. The surgeon and his team are not exposed to the risk of
      infection since, in contrast to the "open larynx" methods, the closed system
      effectively prevents the escape of pathogenic micro-organisms.

PMID- 379846
TI  - [Immunological diagnostic laboratory tests (author's transl)].

PMID- 379845
TI  - [A system for "intermitten mandatory ventilation" (IMV) using the engstrom
      respspirators ER 200/300 (author's transl)].
AB  - At low financial and material costs conventional Engstrom-respirators (Types ER
      200, 300) can be converted to make Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV)
      possible. These so converted respirators were examined when a group of patients
      in a surgical intensive care unit who had undergone mechanical ventilation for a
      longer period of time was weaned from the respirator. It could be shown that
      during the step-by-step weaning of these patients no significant changes appeared
      in the results of the blood gas analyses, which means that the patients'
      pulmonary function took over again gradually. Doubtlessly, the convertability of
      the Engstrom-respirator for IMV will help promote the weaning of patients with
      respiratory complications by this method.

PMID- 379847
TI  - [Treatment of auto-immune diseases with special reference to their pulmonary
      manifestations (author's transl)].
AB  - The treatment of the Goodpasture syndrome, collagenoses (rheumatoid arthritis,
      systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis/scleroderma,
      matosus, progressive systemic sclerosis/scleroderma,
      dermatomyositis/polymyositis), necrotizing angiitis (periarteritis nodosa,
      Wegener's granulomatosis) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is reviewed. Their
      pathogenesis and morbid anatomy is outlined. The uncommunness of these disorders
      and their pulmonary manifestations is emphasized. The most frequently employed
      therapeutic agent are the corticosteroids together with acetylsalicylic acid and
      indomethacin. The effectiveness of immuno-suppressive and cytostatic drugs
      (azothioprine, cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil) and of D-penicillamine in the
      treatment of the different disorders is described. Standard programmes for
      treating any of these diseases have not yet emerged; the long-term results tend
      do be unsatisfactory. Co-operation with other specialists (nephrologists,
      rheumatologists, dermatologists) is often necessary in the treatment of these
      disorders.

PMID- 379848
TI  - [A case of extremely severe chest injury with fracture of several ribs (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A 72-years old man was severely injured when a lorry rolled back and pinned him
      down, causing contusion of the chest, fractures of ribs 3-10 on the right and
      haemothorax. Treatment of the chest injuries was by drainage and by positive end
      expiratory pressure ventilation because of the development of severe pneumonia
      with wet lung. Persistent renal insufficiency, a gastro-intestinal haemorrhage
      and diabetes also required treatment. The patient developed septic
      endomyocarditis as a late complication, possibly attributable to the central
      venous catheter. All pulmonary and extrapulmonary injuries and complications
      could be set right during the patient's 4-months' stay in the intensive care
      unit.

PMID- 379849
TI  - [Pneumothorax and haemothorax (author's transl)].
AB  - Pneumothorax and haemothorax constitute serious complications of a blunt chest
      trauma. During 1970-1978 64 persons with pneumothorax and 109 cases of
      haemothorax were admitted to and treated in the Surgical Unit of the University
      Hospital, Gottingen. In nearly every case fracture of several ribs had also
      occurred. The method of choice for treating cases of pneumothorax was by Bulau
      drainage; surgical closure of the air leakage was rarely necessary. Conservative
      measures are indicated only if the pneumothorax is narrow or confined to the
      apical region. It is worth mentioning that in a large number of cases
      pneumothorax developed during positive pressure ventilation after a chest injury.
      Complications of Bulau drainage were: damage to the lungs, skin emphysema and
      bleeding from the intercostal artery. Open application of the Bulau drainage in
      the 2nd intercostal space is therefore recommended. Treatment of traumatic
      pleural effusions by Bulau drainage was required in only 14 of 109 cases. Therapy
      resistent effusions necessitated thoracotomy and evacuation of the haematoma in 4
      persons. If Bulau drainage fails completely to evacuate the haemothorax, it
      should be promptly followed by thoracotomy to prevent the development of
      adhesions and the resulting impairment of respiratory function.

PMID- 379850
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of injuries to the tracheo-bronchial system (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Clinical symptoms such as mediastinal and tissue emphysema, impaired inflow with
      cyanosis and extreme dyspnoea, signs of tension pneumothorax suggest rupture of a
      bronchus; nonstop loss of air via intercostal drainage is an almost certain sign
      and bronchoscopy provides the final proof. Injury to smaller bronchi may remain
      asymptomatic. 1,600 persons were treated for chest injury during the past 17
      years, 7 of them on account of a ruptured bronchus. The right and left main
      bronchus were involved in 4 cases and one case respectively. The bronchus of the
      right upper lobe and the trachea were ruptured in one case each. Once the injury
      has been diagnosed surgical repair should follow quickly, although the results of
      anastomoses performed at a later stage were also satisfactory. Closure was by
      chromcut knotted sutures. Partial pneumonectomy is indicated only if damage to
      the lungs is extensive. The postoperative respiratory function of the injured
      lung was satisfactory in all cases.

PMID- 379851
TI  - [Injuries to the tracheobronchial system (author's transl)].
AB  - The primary aim in the treatment of penetrating bronchial injuries must be
      preservation of the organ. 4 cases of traumatic injury to the bronchi are
      analysed. If the clinical and/or roentgenological signs suggest involvement of a
      bronchus the suspicion must be verified by bronchoscopy; if the diagnosis is
      confirmed, thoracotomy is indicated. In 3 patients the operation was performed
      within 8 hours of the accident. The bronchial defect was closed by chromcat
      interrupted sutures. Potential complications and the prognosis of these cases are
      discussed.

PMID- 379852
TI  - [Results of continuous suction drainage in the treatment of pleural empyema
      (author's transl)].
AB  - 201 adults with non-specific pleural empyema (58 women, 143 men) had suction
      drainage. Most of the patients were aged 61-70 years. In the 47 patients who had
      not had antibiotic therapy before admission the main causal micro-organisms were
      staphylococci, pneumococci and streptococci; in the 149, who had had antibiotic
      therapy outside, micro-organisms such as Pseudomonas, Esch. coli and Proteus
      predominated. Suction drainage had to be kept up for a remarkably long time: for
      4-8 weeks in 36% of the cases and for more than 8 weeks in 8%. 31 patients died,
      but only 17 of them as a direct result of the pleural empyema. They had all been
      "high risk" cases on account of age (average 67.7 years), type of bacteria (59%),
      serious primary or complicating disease (59%), duration of the pleural empyema
      (76%). Suction drainage succeeded in 140 patients in clearing the infection; but
      marked adhesions were demonstrable in 27% of the patients when they were
      discharged from hospital.

PMID- 379853
TI  - [Standardised antibiotic therapy in major lung surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - Sputum and bronchial biopsies and smears were obtained from 221 patients who had
      undergone partial pneumonectomy without preceding antibiotic therapy. The results
      of 343 sputum examinations and of 126 bacteriological examinations of biopsies
      and smears were evaluated. Pathogenic bacteria were demonstrated in about 50% of
      the sputa and in about 25% of the biopsies and swabs. Anaerobic micro-organisms
      were extremely rare. Treatment was with tetracycline. Before antibiotic therapy
      Haemophilus influenzae, staphylococci and E. coli predominated, afterwards there
      were practically only staphylococci and Esch. coli. The incidence of primary
      resistance to the usual antibiotics was high, especially in respect of gram
      negative organisms. The difference in incidence between primary and secondary
      resistance was one of degree. The least effective agents were ampicillin and
      amoxicillin, the most active were the aminoglycosides. Erycin proved satisfactory
      in infections with grampositive organisms while the cephalosporins were active
      against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The development of
      resistance and the clinical picture suggest that "eradication" of the infection
      during the postoperative stage is not advisable as it causes the selection of
      more or less drug-resistant organisms. A more satisfactory approach is gradually
      to reduce the infection until the immediate postoperative stage is over.
      Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the sputum is important, as the choice
      of the appropriate antibiotic is determined by the result of gram-staining.

PMID- 379854
TI  - [Therapeutic influence of vincamine on impairment of cerebral performance in
      elderly patients. Results of a double-blind study (author's transl)].

PMID- 379855
TI  - [Effect of a deficiency of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium in the
      growth medium on the mechanical properties of Escherichia coli cell walls].
AB  - Values of modulus of elasticity of cell walls and strength level of cells
      Escherichia coli cultivated in the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus deficient
      media or incubated in the magnesium-free medium were determined. Elastic modulus
      of cells grown in the magnesium-free medium was by two order of magnitude lower
      than that of the control cells. Elastic modulus of cells cultivated in the
      nitrogen and carbon deficient media was by one and two orders of magnitude lower
      than in the control cells whereas strength level was by 1.15 and 1.39 times
      higher, respectively. Elastic modulus of cells grown in the phosphorus deficient
      medium remained undetermined and strength level of those cells proved to be the
      lowest (0.9 of the control).

PMID- 379856
TI  - [Clinico-radiological comparisons in autoimmune thyroiditis].
AB  - The author observed 293 patients suffering from autoimmune thyroiditis
      (Hasimoto's thyroiditis--in 236). Four symptom complexes of the disease were
      distinguished: typical chronic autoimmune thyroidits in euthyroidal condition,
      chronic autoimmune thyroiditis with thyrotoxicosis, chronic autoimmune
      thyroiditis with hypothyroidism, relapsing autoimmune thyroiditis.
      Radioindication and scanning of the thyroid gland with radioactive iodine-131 was
      conducted preoperatively in 74 patients and at various postoperative periods in
      26 patients. Radioisotopic methods were of importance in the comprehensive
      clinical examination of patients suffering from autoimmune thyroiditis. By means
      of these methods diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis was confirmed in 6.7% of
      patients. All the patients with autoimmune thyroiditis were operated on.
      Resection of the peritracheal segments of the thyroid gland with the isthmus
      extirpation was performed. During the postoperative period the patients required
      prolonged dispensary observation and treatment with immunodepressors and thyroid
      hormones.

PMID- 379857
TI  - [Prof. L.M. Gol'ber (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 379858
TI  - [Proteeae enzymes that participate in the amino acid metabolism of food
      products].
AB  - Biosynthesis of enzymes, catalyzing amino acid conversion in food products, and
      deposition of end products of protein metabolism is a current problem for hygiene
      indicatory microorganisms. Results are reported of a study of decarboxylase and
      aminotransferase activities of a large number of Proteus strains. It was found
      that aminotransferases are produced by all members of this group of
      microorganisms, despite the specific differences in their quantitative
      characteristics. The composition of the different protein-containing food
      substrata exerts emphatic influence on the induction of these enzymes. The
      results of study of decarboxylase activity also point to some specific
      differences, applicable in the differential diagnosis. The inferences summarize
      the importance of the whole Proteus group as hygiene-indicatory microorganisms,
      producing enzymes of essential importance for the quality and biologic value of
      food products.

PMID- 379859
TI  - [Influence of Soviet hygienic science on the development and achievements of the
      hygienic disciplines in Bulgaria].

PMID- 379860
TI  - Circular dichroism and magnetic circular dichroism of nitrogenase proteins.
AB  - Circular dichroism (CD) and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectra of
      nitrogenase components (MoFe protein and Fe protein) from Azotobacter vinelandii
      (Av) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) have been obtained in the near infrared
      visible-near ultraviolet spectral region. Previously, visible CD was reported to
      be absent or barely detectable in nitrogenase proteins; MCD spectra have not been
      reported. The chiroptical spectra can be measured in solution at room
      temperature, an advantage relative to spectroscopic methods requiring cryogenic
      sample temperatures. Absorption spectra were also obtained. The CD and MCD are
      markedly more structured, and thus interpretively more useful, than the
      corresponding absorption spectra. The dithionite-reduced MoFe proteins (Av1, Kp1)
      have nearly identical CD and MCD, demonstrating identical numbers and types of
      metal centers in similar protein environments. The CD and MCD cannot be explained
      solely in terms of contributions from known 4-Fe or 2-Fe clusters; the near
      infrared MCD is inconsistent with the presence of known 4-Fe clusters. CD and MCD
      spectra of Lauth's violet-oxidized Kp1 are also reported. The reduced Fe proteins
      (Av2, Kp2) have similar CD and MCD, again indicating significant conservation of
      chromophore environment. The spectra clearly demonstrate the presence of a
      reduced bacterial ferredoxin-like (C(3-)) 4-Fe cluster. No obvious evidence of
      additional chromophores is observed. CD, MCD, and absorption spectra of Av1
      oxidized Av2 are reported. The absorption spectrum shows the expected shoulder
      near 390 nm. The CD and MCD are characteristic of a C(2-) 4-Fe cluster; in
      particular, the diagnostic near-infrared MCD peak is observed at approximately
      8300 cm(-1). The CD of Av2 oxidized in the presence and absence of MgATP are
      radically different, providing the first direct evidence for MgATP interaction
      with Fe protein in this oxidation state.

PMID- 379861
TI  - Initiation of general recombination catalyzed in vitro by the recA protein of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Homogeneous recA protein catalyzes the hybridization of single-stranded DNA to
      homologous regions in duplex DNA. The products are D-loops, which are formed with
      equal efficiency in linear and supercoiled molecules. This assimilation reaction
      can be separated into two partial reactions. In the first, recA protein binds to
      duplex DNA and produces a reA protein-DNA complex. The binding shows a sigmoidal
      dependence on recA protein concentration, requires ATP, GTP or the gamma-thio
      analog of ATP, and Mg2+, but does not require hydrolysis of the nucleoside
      triphosphate. In the second reaction, single-stranded regions of the recA protein
      ATP-duplex DNA intermediate hybridize with free complementary single strands to
      produce D-loop structures. This reaction is coupled to ATP hydrolysis and is
      analogous to the renaturation of single-stranded DNA catalyzed by the recA
      protein [Weinstrock, G.M., McEntee, K. & Lehman, I.R. (1979) Proc. Natl. Acad.
      Sci. USA 76, 126-130]. Hydrolysis of ATP appears to be required in these
      reactions for dissociation of recA protein from the DNA.

PMID- 379862
TI  - lac repressor changes conformation upon binding to poly[dA-T)].
AB  - N-(Iodoacetylaminoethyl)-1-naphthylamine-5-sulfonate reacts with Escherichia coli
      lac repressor to selectively label cysteine-140 with the fluorescent N
      (acetylaminoethyl)-1-naphthylamine-5-sulfonate group. The fluorescence intensity
      of this label decreases by 20% when labeled repressor associates with poly[d(A
      T)]. Fifteen base pairs of poly[d(A-T)] per repressor tetramer are required to
      complete this decrease. Stopped-flow experiments have shown that the repressor
      undergoes at least two conformational changes as it binds to poly[d(A-T)], with
      half-lives of 5.0 +/- 1.2 msec and 3.5 +/- 1.0 sex. Quite likely, these
      conformational changes serve to strengthen the interaction of repressor with DNA.

PMID- 379863
TI  - Insertion mutant of bacteriophage f1 sensitive to EcoRI.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence A-A-T-T was inserted into the intergenic region of the f1
      genome at a site cleaved by Hae III (cleavage sequence (G-G-C-C). The resultant
      viable phage mutant (R199) contains a single site sensitive to the restriction
      endonuclease EcoRI (cleavage sequence G-A-A-T-T-C). This phage is sensitive to
      EcoRI restriction and modification in vivo and in vitro. Its potential for use as
      a cloning vector has been tested by construction in vitro of an f1/pBR322
      chimeric phage. The four bases inserted into wild-type f1 to generate the R199
      mutant came from a small restriction fragment obtained by digesting plasmid
      pBR322 with EcoRI and HindIII. The use of this linker prepared from a biological
      substrate is an example of a technique for constructing restriction enzyme sites
      in vitro. It is presented as an alternative to the use of synthetic linkers and
      should be generally applicable.

PMID- 379864
TI  - Transcription of Ti plasmid-derived sequences in three octopine-type crown gall
      tumor lines.
AB  - Total RNA isolated from three octopine-type crown gall lines contains sequences
      homologous to specific regions of the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid of
      Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain 15955. A comparison of transcripts in these
      three tumor lines suggests that tumor cells transcribe various sequences within a
      sector of plasmid DNA of 13 x 10(6) daltons and that transcription may not be
      uniform across the plasmid derived sequences (T-DNA). Transcription of T-DNA by
      octopine-type tumors occurs at four major sites. The levels of transcription
      occurring at three of these sites appear to vary considerably among the three
      tumor lines investigated. Part of this variability may reflect differences in the
      organization and copy number of T-DNA. One of the transcription sites maps within
      a region of DNA with common sequence homology with all Ti plasmids. Varying
      amounts of transcript homologous to this region of T-DNA are present in all three
      tumor lines. It is suggested that transcription of these conserved sequences in
      the plant may have significance regarding the mechanism of tumorigenesis.

PMID- 379866
TI  - Physical map of chromosomal nitrogen fixation (nif) genes of Klebsiella
      pneumoniae.
AB  - We describe a method for the rapid determination of the physical location of
      mutations caused by insertion of transposable elements. We used this method to
      construct a detailed physical map of the nitrogen fixation (nif) gene cluster of
      Klebsiella pneumoniae and to correlate it with the genetic map. Total cellular
      DNA was isolated from individual strains, each carrying an insertion in 1 of 15
      different nif genes. The DNA was digested with a restriction endonuclease,
      fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis, denatured, and blotted onto
      nitrocellulose filter paper. The DNA on the filters was hybridized with (32)P
      labeled DNA fragments derived from amplifiable plasmids carrying cloned nif DNA
      fragments from K. pneumoniae. Altered hybridization patterns caused by insertions
      into nif genes allowed us to map nif mutations with respect to the previously
      mapped cleavage sites for various restriction endonucleases. We have used the
      same method to map the end points of nif deletions. Using this procedure, we
      assigned physical locations on the K. pneumoniae chromosome to 86 nif insertion
      mutations and 13 nif deletion end points. This mapping procedure provides a
      convenient alternative to deletion mapping as a definitive method for mapping
      insertion mutations within a gene or for ordering genes within a gene cluster.
      This procedure will be especially useful for mapping mutations conferring
      phenotypes that are difficult to monitor and for mapping mutations in bacterial
      species in which techniques for conducting deletion mapping have not been
      devised.

PMID- 379865
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of alpha-actinin in intestinal epithelial cells.
AB  - alpha-Actinin was localized in chicken intestinal epithelial cells by
      immunofluorescence and immunoferritin labeling of thin frozen sections. Most of
      the label of the brush border was confined to the terminal web area. The label
      there was concentrated mainly along the "roots" of the microvilli core
      microfilaments and in the vicinity of the zonula adherens. In the latter
      structure, the narrow electron-dense zones adjacent to the cell membranes,
      however, were not significantly labeled. This suggests that alpha-actinin does
      not mediate directly the association of the transverse terminal web
      microfilaments to the membrane at the zonula adherens. Sparse ferritin labeling
      was found near the tight junction, whereas the staining associated with the spot
      desmosome was negligible. The microvilli were not significantly labeled by either
      immunofluorescence or immunoferritin staining unless the sections were previously
      treated with detergent. Moreover, alpha-actinin (or a structurally related
      protein) was not detected in preparations of purified microvillar vesicles,
      suggesting the possibility that the alpha-actinin staining in the microvilli may
      be an artificial due to its translocation by the detergent from the terminal web
      onto the microvilli. The possible roles of alpha-actinin in the organization and
      function of the brush border are discussed.

PMID- 379867
TI  - Endogenous oncornaviral antigen in the bursa of Fabricius of 15B X 7(2) chickens.
AB  - Oncornaviral antigen was detected in the bursal epithelium and in a subpopulation
      of bursal follicular cells of 15B X 72 chickens. This antigen is present in the
      bursal epithelium at 11 days of embryogenesis and persists there for at least 3
      weeks after hatching. The absence of detectable antigen in the intestinal
      epithelium contiguous to the bursal epithelium indicates that the accumulation of
      viral antigen is a specific property of the bursal epithelium. The observation of
      C-type particles in the intraepithelial spaces suggests that the viral antigen in
      synthesized and assembled into virions by the bursal epithelial cells. In
      embryonic bursas, viral antigen-positve cells radiate from the surface epithelium
      toward the central region of the follicles. In bursas from post-hatch chickens,
      viral antigen-positive cells, including intrafollicular epithelial cells and
      cells resembling lymphocytes, are confined to the medullary region of the
      follicles.

PMID- 379869
TI  - Hybrid resistance to parental bone marrow transplantation: adaptive modification
      of hemopoietic stem cell in a nonsyngeneic environment.
AB  - Defective growth of parental bone marrow in an F1 hybrid is associated with delay
      of the exponential growth phase of injected hemopoietic stem cells rather than
      with their rejection. This is demonstrated both by parental hemopoietic stem cell
      kinetics in the irradiated hybrid and by the increase in the number of spleen
      colonies with time after hemopoietic cell injection. After passage through an F1
      hybrid the parental hemopoietic stem cells acquire ability for better growth in
      the same F1 host. This phenomenon, which we designated "adaptive modification of
      hemopoietic stem cells," is associated with the appearance, on their surface, of
      histocompatibility molecules carrying H-2 determinants of the recipient.
      Treatment of the modified cells with antiserum against the second parental strain
      abrogates the state of adaptive modification.

PMID- 379868
TI  - Immunochemical characterization of surface antigens of TerC, a teratocarcinoma
      derived cell line.
AB  - Rabbit and mouse antisera prepared against teratocarcinoma cells precipitate both
      glycoproteins and glycolipids from detergent extracts of radiolabeled cells.
      Extracts of immunoprecipitates with chloroform/methanol, 2:1 (vol/vol) have been
      resolved on thin-layer gels into multiple peaks. There are more species seen in
      extracts of teratocarcinoma cells than in extracts of the crossreacting cultured
      cell line, cl 1d. The teratocarcinoma antigens may be extracted out of
      chloroform/methanol into buffered saline. Incubation in these secondary extracts
      converts unreactive cells (lymphocytes to cells reactive with antisera against
      teratocarcinoma. Furthermore, the coated cells absorb at least 80% of the
      activity of antisera against teratocarcinoma targets.

PMID- 379870
TI  - Enkephalin-containing amacrine cells in the avian retina: immunohistochemical
      localization.
AB  - The distribution of enkephalin-like immunoreactivity within the avian retina was
      studied by immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques with antiserum to
      [Met5]enkephalin and [Leu5]enkephalin. Formaldehyde-fixed retinae were sectioned
      and incubated in antiserum to either [Met5]- or [Leu5]enkephalin. Specificity to
      the antiserum was established by absorption of the antiserum with synthetic
      [Met5]- or [Leu5]enkephalin at 1 mM. Positive immunohistochemical staining for
      enkephalin was observed in the somata of amacrine cells and their processes
      within the inner plexiform layer. A large number of enkephalin-containing
      amacrine cells were distributed throughout the retina, and their density appeared
      to be greatest within central retinal regions. The majority of labeled amacrine
      cells were about 7.5 micrometers in diameter although, occasionally, amacrine
      cells were observed that were 12--15 micrometers in diameter. Amacrine cells had
      a cell-to-cell spacing of approximately 40 micrometers within central retinal
      regions. Labeled processes of the amacrine cells were observed to project into
      the inner plexiform layer where they arborized as a fine plexus, within laminae
      1, 3--5 of the inner plexiform layer. These observations demonstrate the
      existence of opioid peptides in seemingly select populations of amacrine cells
      within the retina. The localization of enkephalin-like immunoreactivity within
      the retina suggests that opioid peptides play a specific and unique functional
      role in retinal processing.

PMID- 379873
TI  - Defective leucocyte function in selenium deficient cattle.

PMID- 379872
TI  - The chemical behaviour of food additives.

PMID- 379871
TI  - The nutritional significance of plant protease inhibitors.

PMID- 379874
TI  - Immunologically mediated nutritional disturbances associated with soya-protein
      antigens.

PMID- 379875
TI  - Health foods.

PMID- 379877
TI  - Food losses in the UK.

PMID- 379876
TI  - Intensive livestock production; its impact on the cost and nutritive value of
      food.

PMID- 379878
TI  - The pathogenesis of oedema in kwashiorkor--the role of plasma proteins.

PMID- 379880
TI  - Relation of aging to hypothalamic LHRH content and serum gonadal steroids in
      female rats.

PMID- 379879
TI  - An emphysema-like reaction in lungs of adjuvant arthritic rats.

PMID- 379881
TI  - Augmentation of gastric secretion by cooling the mucosa of Heidenhain pouches.

PMID- 379882
TI  - Metabolism of estrogens--natural and synthetic.

PMID- 379883
TI  - Paroxysmal EEG activity and psychopathology during the treatment with clozapine.

PMID- 379884
TI  - EEG profile studies of clozapine in volunteers and psychiatric patients.
AB  - Among the newer psychoactive compounds, clozapine is classified by some authors
      as an antipsychotic compound, but it exhibits differences in pharmacology and
      clinical effects that clearly distinguish it from established antipsychotic
      compounds. It represents an anomaly in the EEG classification scheme as well. In
      normal volunteers and in psychotic patients, it elicits EEG effects that are more
      like those of sedative thymoleptic antidepressants than the established
      antipsychotic compounds. It is probable that the antipsychotic activity reported
      by some observers reflected the sedative qualities of the compound and not a
      prototypic antipsychotic activity. Further testing in other psychiatric
      populations, particularly patients with depressive illnesses, is warranted.

PMID- 379885
TI  - Physics and ophthalmology.

PMID- 379887
TI  - Hypothalamic and genetic obesity in experimental animals: an autonomic and
      endocrine hypothesis.

PMID- 379886
TI  - Neural regulation of circadian rhythms.

PMID- 379888
TI  - Maintenance of 24 hour eating rhythmicity during gold thioglucose induced
      hypothalamic hyperphagia in rats.

PMID- 379889
TI  - Gonadal effects on food intake and adiposity: a metabolic hypothesis.

PMID- 379890
TI  - Staphylococcal and streptococcal infections of the skin.
AB  - Acute pyogenic infections of the skin, caused by hemolytic streptococci and S.
      aureus, account for the vast majority of bacterial infections of the skin seen in
      ambulatory practice. In preschool children the principal manifestation is
      pyoderma, which is usually caused by Group A Streptococcus. In this age group
      pyoderma regularly responds to systemic penicillin therapy plus adjunctive local
      care to the lesions. However, in older age groups, the ability to distinguish
      streptococcal from staphylococcal skin infections on the basis of clinical
      features alone is poor, and penicillin treatment failures are more common. Safe,
      effective antibiotics that are effective against both staphylococci and
      streptococci are readily available. For this reason penicillinase-resistant
      semisynthtic penicillins and or erythromycin can be used to treat acute pyogenic
      skin infections in older age groups.

PMID- 379891
TI  - Acute lower respiratory disease.

PMID- 379892
TI  - Diagnostic virology in clinical practice.
AB  - Viral illnesses are among the most common clinical problems encountered in
      medicine. Some have important epidemiologic implications and some are preventable
      by immunization, improved sanitation or other means. Recently, drugs have been
      developed which show promise for specific prophylaxis or treatment. It is thus
      increasingly important that physicians in practice be acquainted with methods of
      identification of common viral illnesses so they can intervene with appropriate
      counsel, preventive measures or treatment for their own patients. Physicians
      should also consider the larger epidemiologic implications of many viral
      illnesses and cooperate with local, state and national efforts to accurately
      determine the number of patients involved and the severity of their illnesses. It
      is only with this sort of information that an estimate of medical, social and
      economic impact of the common viral diseases can be made, so that attention will
      be given to development of better prevention and methods of control.

PMID- 379894
TI  - Sensory pleasure.
AB  - In response to a stimulus, a sensation is tridimensional: qualitative,
      quantitative, and affective. The affective part of sensation, pleasure or
      displeasure, depends on the qualities of the stimulus. Within a narrow range of
      intensity, chemical, thermal, and mechanical stimuli are able to arouse pleasure.
      In addition, pleasure depends on the internal state of the subject. This is
      easily observed in the case of temperature: pleasure is aroused by a warm
      stimulus in a hypothermic subject and by a cold stimulus in a hyperthermic
      subject. This property of a given stimulus to arouse pleasure or displeasure
      according to the internal state of the subject is termed alliethesia.
      Alliesthesia is also produced by chemical and mechanical stimuli. Acquired
      preferences or aversions for alimentary stimuli represent a case of alliesthesia.
      In the same way, the capacity of any indifferent stimulus to become rewarding, or
      punishing, by association with some reward or punishment, is also a case of
      alliethesia. In all cases, pleasure is a sign of a stimulus useful to the
      subject; displeasure a sign of danger. Usefulness and danger are judged by the
      central nervous system with reference to homeostasis and the set point of the
      implied regulation. Pleasure and displeasure thus appear to motivate useful
      behaviors.

PMID- 379893
TI  - Treatment program for borderline hypertension among college students: relaxation,
      finger temperature biofeedback, and generalization.

PMID- 379895
TI  - Milestones and rates of growth in the development of biology.
AB  - An attempt has been made to examine the exponetial rate of increase of the great
      discoveries, the "milestones," in the rise of biology from the beginning of the
      seventeenth century, and particularly in the rise of genetics from the beginning
      of the twentieth century. The biological sciences in general, during the three
      centuries named, exhibit a doubling of the number of great discoveries in each
      fifty years. Genetics, in the twentieth century, has risen much faster. Its
      doubling time for the most significant discoveries has been about twenty-two and
      a half years. Either of these rates is of course far slower than the exponential
      rise in the total output of biological science, the number of scientists, or the
      cost of science, which have been generally reported to double about every ten
      years or less. It follows that, as time passes, and until these exponetial rates
      become considerably altered, a relationship of diminishing returns is quite
      evident. As time passes, even though the most significant discoveries continue to
      increase exponetially, it takes a greater total output, a greater number of
      (assisting?) scientists, and greater amounts of money to yield a set quantity of
      major new findings. The rapid rise of the life sciences cannot continue its
      present course into the twenty-first century without meeting ineluctable limits
      to expansion. It may be argued that as in other human spheres of activity, so too
      in natural science there are limits to growth which we are rapidly approaching.
      From the predictable asymptote only unpredictable breakthroughs might deliver us.

PMID- 379896
TI  - Resonance Raman spectroscopy in biochemistry and biology.

PMID- 379897
TI  - A survey of post and core designs for endodontically treated teeth.

PMID- 379899
TI  - Direct bonding of orthodontic brackets (I).

PMID- 379898
TI  - Prosthodontic therapy of patients with Hyde-Cannon's disease.

PMID- 379900
TI  - The tilted molar as a mandibular removable partial denture abutment.

PMID- 379901
TI  - Alternative procedures for impressioning the edentulous mouth (I).

PMID- 379903
TI  - Prosthodontic aspects of prosperio treatment.

PMID- 379902
TI  - Direct bonding of orthodontic brackets (II).

PMID- 379904
TI  - [Quantitative alterations of the immunoglobuline classes and the presence of
      autoantibodies in liver diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - The AA., after the literature revision concerning the autoantibodies in the
      autoimmune diseases, have examined the cases of acute and chronic hepatitis
      happened in the period 1972-1976. After a short observation of used methodologies
      the AA. have connected the presence of autoantibodies (FN, SM, AM) with the rate
      of immunoglobulins in single groups of liver diseases, divided in acute
      hepatitis, chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, liver
      cirrhosis (cryptogenetic and alcoholic). The results are that while the
      immunoglobulins fractions increase, although in different manner, in every
      pattern of liver disease studied, instead, there are no typical changes of single
      immunoglobulins rate in the groups with autoantibodies. Statistically it is not
      possible to assert that single antibodies belong to immunoglobulins determinate
      class. Finally it had been impossible to demonstrate sex and age influence on the
      immunoglobulins increase in the groups of liver disease with autoantibodies.

PMID- 379906
TI  - [Emanuil Iakovlevich Graevskii].

PMID- 379907
TI  - F. Jaundrell-Thompson, F.C.R., B.Sc.

PMID- 379908
TI  - Third generation CT scanning in renal disease.

PMID- 379909
TI  - [Prof. H. Fritz, M.D., on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 379905
TI  - [Use of an immunoenzymatic test in the serological diagnostics of toxoplasmosis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Four hundred and thirty four human sera have been tested for antitoxoplasma
      antibodies using an immunoenzymatic test on slides. A corpuscolar antigen, a
      peroxidase-labelled antiglobulin and a modified peroxidase stain have been
      employed. Results are compared with those obtained by indrect immuno-fluorescence
      and passive haemoagglutination; a good corrispondence between immunoenzymatic
      test and indirect immunofluorescence is found.

PMID- 379910
TI  - Changing radiologic technology education: evolution or revolution? I. Past and
      present.
AB  - The radiologic technology profession, now over fifty years old, is still in a
      dynamic state. It has moved forward from commercially-sponsored, on-the-job
      training in the early years to the formal educational programs that are now the
      standard. The first part of a two-part article reviews the past and present
      educational accomplishments, defines some current educational methods, and
      provokes the reader to look at the profession in terms of what educational
      standards are needed for the future and determine how and when they should be
      achieved.

PMID- 379911
TI  - Ultrasonography of the brachiocephalic arteries.
AB  - Sixteen patients with various lesions involving the brachiocephalic arteries were
      studied ultrasonographically. The examination was very useful in diagnosing
      aneurysms of the peripheral arteries and in differentiating an aneurysm from
      other causes of palpable pulsatile masses, such as a tortuous artery and tumor
      beneath an artery. The ultrasound technique used for evaluation of these lesions
      is described.

PMID- 379912
TI  - Richard H. Schmidt, M.D. 1920-1978.

PMID- 379913
TI  - Management of acute myocardial infarction and accelerating angina.

PMID- 379915
TI  - Intermittent claudication and rest pain: physiologic concepts and therapeutic
      approaches.

PMID- 379914
TI  - The role of platelets in thrombotic and vascular disease.

PMID- 379916
TI  - A method for administration of prolonged intravenous infusion of prostacyclin
      (PGI2) to unanesthetized rats.
AB  - Prostacyclin is short acting and chemically unstable. To study sustained effects
      in an intact animal, prolonged intravenous infusion may be required. The compound
      has adequate stability for 24 hr in pH 10.0 carbonate buffer at 0 degrees. A
      "displacement syringe" is described wherein the prostacyclin solution is stored
      in a rubber bag inside the barrel of a 5 ml syringe. This device is placed in an
      ice bath. A syringe pump drives water into the barrel displacing an equal volume
      of solution out of the bag. Chronic venous cannules, saddles, and flow-through
      swivels are used as for drug self-administration studies. A simple, inexpensive
      rack for use with conventional individual hanging cages is also described.

PMID- 379917
TI  - The cardiovascular pharmacology of prostacyclin (PGI2) in the rat.
AB  - Physiological roles have been suggested for prostacyclin in the cardiovascular
      system. Prostacyclin was administered by intravenous infusion to unanesthetized
      rats. Over a 24 hr period, 0.32 mg/kg/day caused only flushing of the ears.
      Larger doses (0.56 and 1 mg/kg/day) caused hypothermia, behavioral depression,
      and swelling of the paws. Cumulative dose-response curves for its depressor
      action were determined in both unanesthetized and anesthetized, vagotomized,
      ganglion-blocked rats. In unanesthetized rats, the threshold dose was about 0.1
      ug/kg/min. Respiratory depression precluded doses larger than 1 ug/kg/min. In
      anesthetized rats, the threshold dose was about 0.001 ug/kg/min, and the
      maximally effective dose was about 0.1 micrograms/kg/min. At 0.032 ug/kg/min,
      blood pressure first fell and then rose slightly. This compensatory rise did not
      occur in nephrectomized rats, suggesting renin release as the mechanism.
      Intravenous infusion of 0.1 but not 0.01 ug/kg/min in unanesthetized rats doubled
      plasma renin activity. In saline-loaded unanesthetized rats, urine volume and
      urinary sodium excretion were decreased by 0.1 ug/kg/min of prostacyclin.

PMID- 379918
TI  - Effects of prostacyclin on the canine isolated basilar artery.
AB  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) produced a biphasic response in canine isolated basilar
      arteries. In low doses (1 X 10(-8)M-1 X 10(-7)M) PGI2 caused a slight but
      consistent relaxation of resting muscle tone. In low concentrations (1 X 10(-8)M
      1 X 10(-6)M) PGI2 antagonized muscle contractions caused by serotonin or
      prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha. This relaxant effect with low doses of PGI2 on the
      isolated cerebral artery contrasts with findings obtained with other PGs and
      supports the hypothesis that PGI2 is a mediator of vasodilatation. However, in 1
      X 10(-5)M concentrations PGI2 contracted the arterial muscle and did not
      antagonize contractions induced by serotonin or PGF2 alpha.

PMID- 379919
TI  - The prostaglandins system and insulin release. Studies with the isolated perfused
      rat pancreas.
AB  - Using the isolated perfused rat pancreas PGE2 (1 MUM and 10 muM) had no effect on
      basal or glucose (10 and 20 mM)-induced insulin release (IR). PGF2 alpha
      stimulated basal IR at 1 muM and inhibited IR at 10 muM. The glucose-induced IR
      was unaffected by this PG. Furosemide (5 and 10 mM) led to a monophastic IR at
      low glucose (glu) and to a potentiation of IR at high glu. Only high indomethacin
      (Indo) (50 microgram/ml) inhibited glu-induced IR. The stimulatory effect of
      furosemide on IR could not be inhibited by indomethacin. However mepacrine (0.1
      mM) abolished the furosemide effect. Also glu-induced IR was inhibited by
      mepacrine. Acetylsalicylic acid (30 mg/100 ml) had no significant influence on
      glu-induced IR. These findings provide evidence that phospholipase activation
      rather than increased PG synthesis might primarily be involved in the secretory
      process of insulin.

PMID- 379921
TI  - [Freud, cocaine, Koller and Schleich].

PMID- 379920
TI  - Prostaglandins and myogenic control of tension in lower esophageal sphincter in
      vitro.
AB  - Active tension is produced by the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) of North
      American opossum in vitro by a myogenic mechanism. Strips of LES, but not those
      from the esophageal body, contracted to prostaglandin (PG)F2 alpha, stable
      expoxymethano derivatives of PGH2 and to thromboxane B2. Stable endoperoxides
      were more than 500 times more potent than PGF2 alpha. PGI2 and 6-keto PGF1 alpha
      were weak relaxants of LES strips. LES strips transformed arachidonic acid into
      contractile substances. This transformation was prevented by agents which
      interfere with PG synthesis by inhibiting cyclo-oxygenase [indomethacin (IDM),
      5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETA) or thromboxane synthetase [imidazole].
      Tranylcypromine 500 microgram/ml also inhibited contractions to arachidonic acid.
      These agents also reduced muscle tone, so that endogenous PG formation may
      contribute to active tension in the LES. ETA and IDM increased tone before
      inhibiting it, and this effect was prevented by prior treatment with ETA or
      imidazole. There may also be an endogenous PG which inhibits LES tone. The
      possibility that this may be PGI2 is discussed.

PMID- 379922
TI  - A reliable tooth selection technique.

PMID- 379923
TI  - Constructing a successful partial denture: many steps and multiple skills (I).

PMID- 379925
TI  - Modification of a mathematical model for survival curves in photobiology.
AB  - A modification of the Haynes' mathematical model (1966) can be suggested as a
      result of bacterial UV-survival experiments carried out. A new equation is
      proposed: lnS = Fi(x), + Fr(x), wherein x is the radiation dose, Fi(x) = -- kox
      describes how radiation damage is produced on the cell and Fr(x) = (krec + kc)x +
      Re(x) describes how repair systems act. ko is the relative inactivation
      efficiency of radiation on each cell. krec is the recombination recovery system
      efficiency. kc gives the additional repair increasing per cell when excision and
      recombination systems act simultaneously. Re(x) = a(1-e-bs) describes solely the
      excision repair process. The asymptote of non-exponential curves intercepts the
      survival fraction axis on the ordinate so (extrapolated point). In the modified
      model a=lnSo instead of a=So (Haynes' model).

PMID- 379926
TI  - [Improvement of the conditions of rat liver preservation by concomitant perfusion
      of the liver and kidney].
AB  - One of the factors limiting the duration of rat liver storage is the excessive
      accumulation of catabolites in the perfusion medium. In view of obtaining of an
      efficient depuration the authors have introduced a new circuit allowing for the
      concomittant perfusion of the liver and of the kidneys. The excretion effort of
      the kidneys is assessed by the estimation of urea nitrogen in the perfusion
      medium and in the urine collected over the entire duration of the experiment. The
      results have confirmed the good function of the system which provides
      possibilities for improved storage conditions of rat liver.

PMID- 379924
TI  - Constructing a successful partial denture: many steps and multiple skills (II).

PMID- 379927
TI  - [Stereotaxic cerebral biopsy and computerized axial tomography. Combination of
      both technics in the study of cerebral lesions].

PMID- 379928
TI  - [Histological and biochemical principles of differential neurorrhaphy].

PMID- 379929
TI  - Pilot study on adjuvant chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for irradiated
      inoperable breast cancer.
AB  - A pilot study of adjuvant chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for inoperable breast
      cancer was performed. The patients were known to have a bad prognosis because of
      occult generalized disease. At the time of first treatment, the patients selected
      showed no signs of systemic disease. Local control of the breast and regional
      lymph nodes was achieved by radiotherapy. Adjuvant therapy consisted of
      alternating chemotherapy and tomoxifen. Adriamycin was dropped from the treatment
      schedule after 1 year because of enchanced radiation side-effects. Meanwhile the
      radiotherapy schedule was changed. A questionable control group was formed by
      patients radiated in the same period who failed to meet the entry criteria for
      various reasons. At presents, patients in the treated group show a better relapse
      free survival than patients in the control group. The differences is
      statistically significant for premenopausal women. There is no significant
      difference in the overall survival between the treated group and the control
      group after an average follow-up of 2 years. After 2 years, the pilot study was
      closed. A randomized controlled clinical trial was started. In one group of this
      trial intensive chemotherapy is the first treatment employed.

PMID- 379930
TI  - Adjuvant therapy of stage II, III breast cancer.

PMID- 379931
TI  - Randomized trial with Poly A-Poly U as adjuvant therapy complementing surgery in
      patients with breast cancer: in vitro study of cellular immunity.
AB  - The immunologic reactivity of patients with initially operable breast cancer was
      measured by the leukocyte migration inhibition test using autologous tumor
      extract (T), autologous serum (S), and a combination of both (T + S). These
      patients formed part of a randomized clinical trial comparing, on the one hand,
      conventional treatment and, on the other, conventional treatment complemented by
      injections of poly A-poly U. A sequential study was carried out on 159 patients,
      testing them 7 days, 2 months, 4 months, and 1 year after the operation.
      Statistical comparisons revealed no significant difference in the reaction of the
      two groups. In addition, no significant differences were found between those with
      lymph node involvement and those without. Radiotherapy given to those with lymph
      node involvement did not significantly change their reactions. We were able to
      show that the percentage of patients with a positive leukocyte migration
      inhibition test (LMIT) increases regularly and significantly with time. This
      study confirmed the presence in some autologous serum of a synergistic factor (SS
      factor) which increased the inhibition of migration of leukocytes by autologous
      tumor extract. This factor was found in 18 patients, equally divided between both
      therapeutic groups. In the group with SS factor, the percentage with lymph node
      involvement appeared greater (83% compared with 68% among those patients who had
      no SS factor), and the incidence of metastases was also increased (44% compared
      with 21%). This factor seemed to indicate a bad prognosis. However, there was a
      difference in the results between the two therapeutic groups in patients with the
      synergistic factor. Of nine patients undergoing conventional treatment, six had
      devleoped metastases, whereas only two out of the nine patients who also poly A
      poly U developed metastases. The same trend was observed in the whole trial
      population.

PMID- 379932
TI  - Levamisole: as adjuvant to cyclic chemotherapy in breast cancer.
AB  - The addition of levamisole, administered in adjunctive manner between the cycles
      of conventional high dose chemotherapy in patients with hormone resistant end
      state breast cancer substantially improved the survival of treated patients.
      Analysis of this double-blind study in 60 such patients suggests that improvement
      in remission status and survival is related to better tolerability of such
      cytotoxic therapy as regards both specific and nonspecific cytotoxicity. This
      improved tolerability enabled patients to receive higher doses of cytotoxic drugs
      over a shorter time period resulting in an improved remission rate and ultimate
      survival.

PMID- 379934
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy of testicular carcinoma: need for evaluation of curative
      strategies.

PMID- 379933
TI  - Radiotherapy in ovarian cancer for post-surgical minimal residual disease.

PMID- 379935
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy of post-surgical minimal residual bronchial carcinomas.

PMID- 379936
TI  - Adjuvant therapy with levamisole in resectable lung cancer.
AB  - In view of the discouraging results that have been obtained so far with the use
      of cytotoxic chemotherapy as an adjunct to surgery, a double-blind placebo
      controlled evaluation of the adjuvant use of levamisole was conducted in 211
      resectable lung cancer patients, following these patients for 2 years after their
      operation. Levamisole (or the placebo) was given for 3 days every 2 weeks and the
      dose level ranged 1.1--3.8 mg/kg per day (a fixed dose of 3 x 50 mg was given to
      all patients). It appeared that recurrences and carcinomatous deaths had occurred
      significantly less often in patients who had received a high dose (i.e., 2.1--3,8
      mg/kg: patients weighing 70 kg or less) but not in the patients who received a
      lower dose. Patients who had more advanced cancers at the time of surgery seemed
      to have profited more from the treatment, but the results did not seem to depend
      upon the histologic type of the tumor or on the immune status of the patients as
      estimated from the skin test reactivity at the start. There was also suggestive
      evidence that levamisole may be more effective in preventing hematogenous
      dissemination than in inhibiting recurrences in the lung or the mediastinal
      tissues. Levamisole, if dosed adequately, appears to be a very suitable adjuvant
      treatment in resectable lung cancer patients as judged from its efficacy and its
      lack of troublesome side-effects.

PMID- 379937
TI  - Adjuvant trial of levamisole in patients with squamous cancer of the head and
      neck: a preliminary report.
AB  - A preliminary report is made of a randomized double-blind study comparing
      levamisole with placebo as surgical adjuvant treatment of patients with squamous
      cancer of the head and neck. The study groups were comparable according to the
      prognostic factors of type (primary or recurrent), site (oral cavity, pharynx,
      larynx), and stage of disease and were also similar in pretreatment immune
      function and in radiation exposure. Of 65 evaluable patients, 31 were treated
      with levamisole and 34 received placebo. Although there was no difference in the
      distribution of the time to recurrence of the overall treatment group, there was
      a difference of borderline significance in favor of levamisole in the primary
      disease patients (P less than 0.006). Further analysis of subgroups in the
      primary disease category showed decreased recurrence rates in patients receiving
      levamisole who had cancer of the oral cavity P less than 0.01 or who had stage II
      disease, P less than 0.02. Considering site and stage simultaneously, the only
      significant difference was in stage II patients with oral cancer. The above
      results, though encouraging, must be viewed with caution due to small sample
      sizes and relatively short follow-up of most patients.

PMID- 379938
TI  - Combined modality management of operable breast cancer.

PMID- 379939
TI  - [Lung as a metabolic organ with special reference to the metabolic function of
      tissues and cells in the lung (author's transl)].

PMID- 379940
TI  - [Professeur Jean Despons, Bordeaux, 1896--1979].

PMID- 379941
TI  - [Comparative trial by double-blind method of a niflumic acid derivative and
      oxyphenbutazone in pediatric O. R. L].

PMID- 379942
TI  - Characterization of a T7 mutant that grows in cells containing the F and/or the R
      64 factor.

PMID- 379943
TI  - [A genetic reform of the canon law computation of consanguinity (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 379944
TI  - [Robert Fludd: the first propagandist of William Harvey's doctrine (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 379945
TI  - [Notes on prehistoric medicine in South America (author's transl)].

PMID- 379946
TI  - [Harvey and the conservative reaction].

PMID- 379947
TI  - [Diseases of aborigines and the cataclysm that follows conquest].

PMID- 379948
TI  - [Neuroses in old age].

PMID- 379949
TI  - [Dr. Alexandru N. Braescu, founder of scientific psychiatry in Moldavia (1860
      1914)].

PMID- 379951
TI  - [Heart abnormalities and genetic counseling].

PMID- 379952
TI  - [Fluoridated varnish: orthodontic implications and applications].

PMID- 379950
TI  - [Egas Moniz (1874-1955), creator of cerebral angiography and prefrontal
      leukotomy].

PMID- 379953
TI  - [Retention by bonding].

PMID- 379954
TI  - [Multidimensional analysis of the craniofacial profile in pre-Colombian and
      modern days in Peru].

PMID- 379955
TI  - [Various considerations in the treatment of amebic liver abscess].
AB  - From 1974 to 1976 Acute Amoebic Hepatic Abscess treatment was viewed
      retrospectively with a random double blind prospective study administering
      metronidazol emetine, or a combination of both to three groups of 20 patients per
      group. The retrospective study of 1974 underlines the then predominant tendency
      toward a surgical management with a higher mortality (p less than 0.002). In 1976
      medical treatment patients increased with a corresponding diminution of mortality
      (p less than 0.001). The prospective study showed no statistically significant
      response difference to the pharmacologic treatment variations. Here only 1.6% of
      patients underwent surgery and 1/3 of them received puncture drainage due to
      medical treatment failure. We conclude that non complicated acute amoebic liver
      abscess treatment should be medical, preferably with only one antiamoebic drug.

PMID- 379957
TI  - [Iron and infection. I. Iron and "nutritional immunity". The leukocytic
      endogenous mediator].
AB  - With reference to the studies carried out in the Center of Hematology, Bucharest,
      the authors review recent publications concerning the correlation between iron
      metabolism and infection, and emphasize the importance of iron deficiency within
      the framework of nutrition-infection-immunity relationship, and the role of iron
      in antinfectious defence. Among the metabolic responses of the host organism to
      infection is the early redistribution of essential oligoelements, known as
      "nutritional immunity", which is discussed in detail. Data refering to the
      leukocytic endogenous mediator are given.

PMID- 379956
TI  - [Treatment of hepatorenal syndrome with dopamine and bromocriptine].
AB  - Two cirrhotic patients with hepatorenal syndrome were treated with Dopamine
      hydrochloride and Bromocriptine, a Dopamine agonist. Dopamine hydrochloride was
      given at a dosis of 0.30 to 0.90 mg/min. and Bromocriptine 15 mg/day. Although a
      transient raise of urinary output was observed in one patient, both patients died
      six to ten days later with an urinary output of less than 100 ml/day. Dopamine
      and Bromocriptine combined are of poor therapeutic value in hepatorenal syndrome.

PMID- 379958
TI  - [Passive hemagglutination test in the serodiagnosis of syphilis].
AB  - Passive haemagglutination test with pathogenic Treponema pallidum antigen in the
      serodiagnosis of syphilis, carried out on 752 sera (518 syphilitic patients and
      234 subjects without evidence of syphilis) showed a greater general sensitivity
      as compared the cardiolipin tests and complement fixation test with Reiter
      protein antigen, and lower, to immunofluorescence (FTA--ABS). Its specificity is
      relatively lower than that of the cardiolopin and treponemal tests. Associated
      with the cardiolipin test it may be preferably used for the detection of
      syphilis, and moreover, passive haemagglutination may confirm the diagnosis in
      case of weak positive results with the FTA--ABS test. The latter is, however,
      essential for problem cases.

PMID- 379960
TI  - [Dr. Costin Fulga].

PMID- 379959
TI  - [10 years after the death of Professor Mihai Ciuca (18 July 1883--20 Feb 1969).
      Mihai Ciuca and the study of bacteriophage, recorded in his working notebooks].
AB  - The work records of professor Mihai Ciuca (found in the archives of the
      Department of Microbiology) give us an insight into his scientific thoughts and
      practical activity. These documents speak of his dedication to the problem of the
      bacteriophage started in Jules Bordet's laboratory of the Pasteur Institute in
      Brussels, in 1920 and continued until 1969, the year in which he died. Since the
      discovery of the phenomenon of lysogeny, called the Bordet-Ciuca phenomenon, the
      professor initiated a wide range of research themes on the bacteriophage, guiding
      and promoting the work of a great number of specialists in the National Center,
      founded in 1949.

PMID- 379962
TI  - [Immunity aspects in syphilis].
AB  - Until lately, the host-parasite relationship in syphilis registered a certain
      latency because of the difficult approach to the problem and especially because
      of the enthusiasm caused by the possible eradication of the disease by
      penicillin. As these expectations were not confirmed, attention was again
      focussed on study by modern means of the biology of pathogenic treponema, its
      antigenic properties, possibility of in vitro cultivation and certain humoral and
      cellular immune aspects that govern the evolution of the disease and, probable,
      the acquiring of specific immunity. The attempts made for obtaining a live
      vaccine, attenuated by irradiation and experimented in animals, appear to
      foreshadow the possible use of this vaccine in the near future in man.

PMID- 379961
TI  - [Current problems and possibilities in the laboratory diagnosis of viral
      infections].

PMID- 379963
TI  - [Studies of oral microbiogenesis. II. Significance of staphylocci present in
      periodontal lesions, pulp gangrene and in the alveolus after tooth extraction].
AB  - A study was carried out on the properties and significance of staphylococci
      isolated from the alveoli after dental extraction (12 strains), from parodontal
      pus (19 strains) and pulpar gangrene (15 strains). By their frequency,
      staphylococci of the Staphylococcus aureus have an etiologic significance in
      pulpar gangrene. Of particular importance for the diagnosis and epidemiology was
      the predominance of lysotype 80 among the staphylococci isolated from pulpar
      gangrene and lysotype 77 in healthy carriers. In 2 of 11 patients the coexistence
      of the same lysotype was found in the pulpar gangrene and nasal secretion.

PMID- 379964
TI  - James J. Waring, MD (1883--1962). Introductory notes on his contributions to the
      development of medicine and pulmonary science.

PMID- 379965
TI  - The Webb-Waring lung institute. Early development and history on the Denver
      campus.

PMID- 379967
TI  - [Particular features of the immunology and bacteriology of neonatal infection].

PMID- 379966
TI  - Disseminated nocardiosis in an immunosuppressed host. Response to trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole.

PMID- 379968
TI  - [Group B streptococcal neonatal infection].

PMID- 379969
TI  - [Gram negative neonatal infections].

PMID- 379970
TI  - [Microagglutination reaction with colon antigens in the diagnosis of
      brucellosis].

PMID- 379971
TI  - [Embryogeny of facial, mastication, tongue, palate and neck muscles (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The mesenchymal origin muscular tissues entailing some difficulties in the
      knowledge of certain muscles embryogeny, two methods are therefore applied: the
      comparison of the ontogenesis data with those of comparative anatomy and the use
      as a guide of the functional motor unit with which the muscle combines. In
      resorting to these methods necessary precautions are precisely defined. The
      origins of the concerned muscles are, at first, situated among those of the whole
      musculature subjected to will, which are of two types "somitic" and "branchial".
      The realities lying under these two misleading terms are analysed. Then the usual
      data on each of the muscular groups embryogeny reviewed and compared, if
      necessary, with recent works. For the facial muscles a confusion results from the
      use of the term platysma both in comparative anatomy and in embryology, in
      pursuance of transposition, exact on that particular point, of the philogenic
      development of these muscles in ontogenesis. The development of these muscles
      comes in the scope of the extensive general character of the superficial hyoid
      arch derivatives, and their topographic and functional particularities should be
      brought together with the disposition of the facial nerve nucleus and its arising
      fibres. Among the muscles in action in the mastication, a link appears between
      their precise role in this function and their embryogeny. For the neck muscles,
      the spinal nerve systematisation and the variations of the sterno-mastoid muscle
      in mammals agree in assigning to this muscle an entire somitic origin lying
      exactly at the junction with the so-called branchial muscles. The somitic origin
      of the tongue muscles and the sharing between the somitic and branchial origins
      of those of the soft palate bring to light the place in the organism of these two
      anatomic structures. Then, the conjunction of muscles proceeding thus from two
      origins in these anatomic structures carries a particular signification in man by
      reason of the language.

PMID- 379972
TI  - [Dental problems before irradiation (author's transl)].
AB  - Before antitumoral facial irradiation, those teeth that cannot be conserved for a
      sufficiently long post-irradiation period of at least two years should be
      extracted. Teeth that are less affected, in patients given palliative treatment
      and in whom the prognosis is better, can be conserved. The conserved teeth are
      protected from destruction by the application of a fluoride gel. Dental
      reconstruction is ensured by the conventional methods, including the fixed
      prosthesis. The arches can be restored with atraumatic fixed prostheses but
      prudence is required. If extraction is necessary, a strict procedure must be
      employed and sufficient antibiotic treatment prescribed.

PMID- 379974
TI  - [Surgical treatment of orostoma after oral cavity irradiation (author's transl)].
AB  - Surgery treatment of orostoma raises the problem of when operation is indicated
      and more particularly at what period it should be performed. The imperatives
      defined have to be respected, and a distant flap, such as a deltopectoral flap,
      has to used immediately in order to hope for the best results, though the
      possibility of a recurrence has to be kept in mind.

PMID- 379973
TI  - [Functional rehabilitation of irradiated maxillary bones (author's transl)].
AB  - The teeth should be conserved before radiotherapy: --in patients with good
      buccodental hygiene the teeth are conserved and fluoride treatment instituted,-
      when hygiene is only moderate, the mandibular teeth outside of the treated area
      are left in place and fluoride treatment is also attempted. The crowns are
      conserved, and an attempt is even made in some cases to apply them, as for
      example on the canines.--when hygiene is inexistant, all the teeth are extracted.
      Following radiotherapy, the authors will restore a prosthesis two months after
      irradiation in long-standing edentulons patients, and after 6 months for patients
      who have recently become edentulons. They sometimes recommend conservative
      treatment and a fixed prosthesis when the social context is favourable.

PMID- 379975
TI  - [Twenty years follow-up of a case of extensive osteoradionecrosis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A patient was found to have the first signs of a fibrous dysplasia of the left
      maxilla 50 years ago. At that time it was thought to be a maxillary sarcoma and
      was treated by irradiation on two occasions. The authors first saw the patient 20
      years ago when he presented for treatment of an extensive degenerated
      osteoradionecrosis due to the previous irradiation therapy. Excision and
      reconstructive treatment caused many medical, psychological, and surgical
      problems. A part from the interest aroused by the numerous surgical repair
      procedures carried out, the essentially iatrogenic nature of the lesion and its
      effect on the life of this unfortunate patient convinced the authors of the need
      for publishing this rather sad history.

PMID- 379976
TI  - [Bone reconstruction after resection of the mandible for osteoradionecrosis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Resection of the sections of the mandibular affected by osteoradionecrosis has
      completely modified the progression and prognosis of this affection by ensuring
      that the patient does not have to suffer long periods of pain and suppuration,
      constantly observed when medical treatment is used alone. Unfortunately, these
      resections are usually extensive and are themselves responsible for functional
      and esthetic sequelae supported with difficulty by some patients, especially in
      the case of bilateral or mandibular arch resections. All efforts must be made,
      therefore, to limit the consequences, and with this in mind it is possible: -- to
      perform an uninterrupted resection limited to the alveolar area involved, in
      early cases of mandibular osteoradionecrosis; -- to reconstitute mandibular
      continuity with a bone graft in more advanced stages; -- to improve the esthetic
      appearance with skin and subcutaneous grafts whenever this is necessary. Good
      results can only be obtained if certain anatomical conditions exist and if
      surgical precautions are adapted to each case.

PMID- 379977
TI  - [Blood gases and acid-base balance in physical load in patients undergoing
      hemodialysis-transplantation programme (author's transl)].

PMID- 379978
TI  - Concanvalin-A-binding proteins on the surface of human malignant and normal
      lymphocytes.
AB  - The concanavalin-A-binding cell surface glycoproteins from normal and certain
      leukaemic human lymphocytes were radiolabelled and then solubilized with
      detergent, isolated by affinity chromatography on Con A insolubilized on agarose
      beads, and subsequently analysed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
      Leukaemic T cells from patients with Sezary syndrome were found to express major
      concanavalin-A-binding glycoproteins on their outer surface similar to those of
      normal T lymphocytes. Leukaemic B cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic
      leukaemia expressed Con-A-binding proteins similar to those of B-cell lines. HLA
      antigens were predominant among the major Con-A-binding proteins on the surface
      of the normal and the malignant T cells studied. Human Ia-like antigens, HLA
      antigens, and the cell surface immunoglobulins IgD and IgM represented the major
      Con-A-binding proteins on the B cells studied. beta 2-microglobulin was found
      associated with HLA antigens on both leukaemic and non-leukaemic T and B cells.
      The presence of additional Con-A-binding proteins expressed on the surface of the
      different cell types studied is discussed along with some physical
      characteristics of the human Ia-like antigens isolated.

PMID- 379979
TI  - Characteristics of individual polymorphonuclear leucocyte motility obtained with
      a new opto-electronic method.
AB  - An opto-electronic device has been used for a quantitative assessment of the
      motility of individual polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) adhering to a glass
      cover slip. One of the oculars in a phase contrast microscope is provided with a
      mini-array of 32 x 32 light-sensitive elements. These are connected to an
      electronic unit, capable of recording the number of light-intensity changes on
      each element and of visualizing the path of a cell on an oscilloscope screen, as
      a pattern of dots. The results clearly show that individual PMNL respond
      differently to environmental conditions; for instance, (i) raising the
      temperature increased the motility of cells to a maximum at around 39 degrees C
      and lowering the temperature from 42 degrees C restored their peak motility, (ii)
      protein was required at attachment depending on the temperature at attachment,
      (iii) endotoxin-activated normal human serum affected more drastically cells with
      a low initial motility and cytochalasin B more adversely influenced cells with a
      high initial motility, (iv) phagocytosis of yeast cells reduced the percentage of
      motile cells, which was more pronounced if the PMNL were washed before the
      motility measurement. The average motility of the PMNL was also diminished,
      although individual PMNL retained normal activity after ingestion of one or more
      yeast cells.

PMID- 379980
TI  - Albert Coons, 1912--78.

PMID- 379981
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in man: relationship between four subpopulations
      identified by membrane markers.
AB  - The interrelationship between four subpopulations of human lymphocytes was
      studied in eight normal persons. Double marking and fractionation experiments
      established that lymphocytes with receptors for AET-treated sheep erythrocytes
      constitute a population complementary to cells that carry surface membrane
      immunoglobulins as they are identified by polyvalent rabbit anti-human
      immunoglobulin; the latter includes nearly all cells with complement receptors.
      Two functionally different receptors for antigen-bound IgG are identified by
      their binding avidity for rabbit-antibody-sensitized ox erythrocytes, defining
      populations of lymphocytes with high-avidity and low-avidity receptors,
      indicating two valuable differentiation markers.

PMID- 379982
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in man: characterization of human killer cells against
      allogeneic targets sensitized with HLA antibodies.
AB  - Human killer cells mediating antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against allogeneic
      lymphoblasts presensitized with HLA antibodies have been studied by rosette
      fractionation experiments. Enriched and/or depleted cell suspensions have been
      tested in dose-response studies. Two different populations can act as killer
      cells. The major cytotoxic capacity is retained among T cells with high-avidity
      Fc receptors, whereas a minor cytotoxic capacity was found among non-T cells with
      high-avidity Fc receptors. These two populations have different dose-response
      curves, indicating different effector mechanisms.

PMID- 379983
TI  - Immunoelectron-microscopic localization of immunoglobulin A and secretory
      component in jejunal mucosa from children with coeliac disease.
AB  - Using peroxidase-labelled antibodies, the ultrastructural localization of IgA and
      secretory component (SC) was investigated in duodeno-jejunal biopsies from six
      children with coeliac disease and compared with that observed in non-coelic
      mucosa. In normal intestinal mucosa this study confirmed the presence of IgA in
      the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the perinuclear space of numerous
      subepithelial plasma cells and one the lateral cell membranes of villous and
      especially crypt epithelial cells. SC was only detected in the epithelium and
      principally in crypt epithelium where it was identified in endoplasmic reticulum,
      Golgi saccules, perinuclear spaces and on lateral cell membranes. These findings
      support the suggestion that SC is synthesized mainly in crypt epithelium and acts
      as a receptor on epithelial cell membranes for dimeric IgA. In untreated coeliac
      patients, SC was observed at the same sites, but SC staining was reduced in
      damaged surface epithelial cells. The number of IgA immunocytes was increased and
      heavy deposits of IgA were found on basement membranes. In post-treatment
      biopsies, no abnormality was apparent. After re-exposure to gluten, depositions
      of IgA on basement membranes were the only early change. The unaltered
      distribution of SC and IgA in crypt epithelium strongly suggests that the
      epithelial transport mechanism of secretory IgA is normal in coeliac disease.

PMID- 379984
TI  - Peanut agglutinin. IV. A tool for studying human mononuclear cell
      differentiation.
AB  - Peanut agglutinin (PNA) has previously been shown to be a 'marker' for early T
      subpopulations in mice. We have investigated whether it could also be used in the
      study of human mononuclear cells. 50--60% of human thymocytes have binding sites
      for PNA. When separated on a discontinuous Ficoll gradient, the PNA-positive
      thymocytes are found preferentially in the layers corresponding to the
      immunoincompetent cells. In the peripheral blood only 5% of the mononuclear cells
      are PNA-positive and we have shown that these cells are monocytes. In tonsils 13%
      of PNA+ cells are found and they are mostly lymphocytes. Thus, PNA is a marker
      for some T cell subsets present in the thymus and tonsils.

PMID- 379985
TI  - IgM-rheumatoid factors cross-reactive with IgG and a cell nuclear antigen:
      apparent 'masking' in original serum.
AB  - Fourteen out of fifteen IgM-rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF) preparations isolated from
      high-titred seropositive rheumatoid sera by affinity chromatography on
      immobilized human IgG have been shown to cross-react with a cell nuclear antigen,
      as manifest by positive immunofluorescent anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) staining on
      rat liver and kidney tissue sections. The cross-reacting ANA activity within
      isolated IgM-RF preparations was inhibitable by both human and rabbit IgG, as
      well as by isolated rat liver chromatin, and could be isolated from seropositive
      ANA-negative sera. It would appear that this cross-reacting ANA activity can be
      masked in the original seropositive serum and may often require purification of
      RF from serum for its manifestation.

PMID- 379987
TI  - An outbreak of skin infections caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
      probably originating from wild moose.
AB  - An outbreak of about 20 recorded cases of impetiginous skin infections occurred
      during the moose (Alces alces) hunting season in October and November 1976 in
      persons having been in contact with moose from Hailuoto Island, Northern Finland.
      Samples for bacteriological studies werre obtained from 4 patients, and beta
      hemolytic streptococci group A were isolated from all. The strains were
      biochemically identical. Epidemiological data strongly support a moose origin of
      the streptococci, even though none were isolated from the animals.

PMID- 379986
TI  - Correlation between serum immunoglobulin concentrations and smooth-muscle
      antibodies in acute viral hepatitis.
AB  - Smooth-muscle antibodies (SMA) were investigated by the indirect
      immunofluorescence method and serum immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations measured
      by radial immunodiffusion in 15 patients with hepatitis B antigen (HBAg)-positive
      and 20 patients with HBAg-negative acute hepatitis. In both types of hepatitis
      the serum IgM and IgG concentrations were significantly higher than in 55
      controls, while the IgA levels were the same in patients and controls. IgM-SMA in
      titres of 10--80 occurred in 11 (55%) patients with HBAg-negative acute
      hepatitis, and this was significantly higher than in controls (P = 10(-8),
      whereas IgM-SMA were found in only 2 (13%) patients with HBAg-positive acute
      hepatitis. IgG-SMA occurred in 3 (15%) HBAg-negative and in 4 (27%) HBAg-positive
      patients. In HBAg-negative hepatitis the serum IgM concentrations were
      significantly higher in IgM-SMA-positive (mean: 439 mg/dl) than in IgM-SMA
      negative (mean: 216 mg/dl) cases (P = 0.028). It was not possible to demonstrate
      a similar rleationship in HBAg-positive acute hepatitis. No correlation between
      the occurrence of IgG-SMA and the IgG levels could be demonstrated in acute
      hepatitis. It is assumed that IgM-SMA may account for a minor part of the
      elevated IgM levels in HBAg-negative acute hepatitis, but the reason for
      formation of SMA in acute viral hepatitis is not known.

PMID- 379988
TI  - Anaerobic infection of the liver and biliary tract in experimental common duct
      occlusion.
AB  - The pathogenicity of single anaerobic, single aerobic, and mixed anaerobic and
      aerobic bacterial inocula was studied in 3 groups of 12 rabbits with biliary
      tract obstruction. B. fragilis, ss. fragilis and E. coli serotype 01:K1:H7 were
      used. The investigation was made 7 days after bacterial inoculation and included
      bacteriological studies of the liver and bile as well as studies of liver
      function and morphology of the liver and biliary tract. Inoculation of 10(5)-
      10(6) E. coli did not cause biliary tract infection, liver abscesses or death.
      Inoculation of 10(9) B. fragilis caused biliary tract infection in 83 per cent
      and liver abscesses in 17 per cent of the animals inoculated, without any
      mortality. Combined inoculation with B. fragilis and E. coli in reduced doses
      significantly increased mortality (42 per cent) and frequency of liver abscesses
      in surviving animals (86 per cent). All abscesses, however, yielded pure culture
      of B. fragilis only. 84 per cent of the animals inoculated with B. fragilis alone
      or with B. fragilis in combination with E. coli developed biliary tract infection
      with B. fragilis, the bile yielding from 10(7)--)0(9) B. fragilis per ml, gall
      bladder bile yielding significantly higher bacterial counts than common duct
      bile. E. coli was never recovered from bile in surviving animals but from both
      bile and blood in animals not surviving the experimental period.

PMID- 379989
TI  - Are anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections uncommon or commonly undetected in
      Britain?
AB  - Despite marked and increasing awareness of the clinical significance of
      pathogenic anaerobes, the role of anaerobes in pleuropulmonary infections is
      still largely unrecognised in Britain. A considerable literature testifies that
      this is not so in America. The reasons for this paradox are explored. British
      anaerobic methodology is briefly reviewed, with special reference to the range of
      recognised respiratory pathogens and the anaerobes that can be cultured in simple
      anaerobic jars. The limitations of sampling and transport procedures are
      considered. Differences in approach are discussed. The technological problems of
      the isolation and culture of "difficult" pathogenic anaerobes have been largely
      solved at the laboratory level; effective approaches to sampling and transit of
      specimens require more positive consideration and the results might influence our
      choice of specific antimicrobial therapy. If these points are taken and an
      increased awareness of the role of the anaerobes in certain pathological
      conditions of the lower respiratory tract is generated, we might hope either to
      produce a meaningful parallel to the experience of our American colleagues--or to
      structure a more valid defence to explain our lack of experience of these
      infections in the lower respiratory tract.

PMID- 379991
TI  - Acute appendicitis and Bacteroides fragilis.
AB  - Bacteria belonging to the Bacteroides fragilis group (B. fragilis, B. ovatus, B.
      vulgatus, B. distasonis, B. thetaiotaomicron and B. uniformis) were cultured in
      quantities of less than or equal to 10(5) c.f.u./ml from the excised appendix
      from 30 patients. Twenty-two patients (group I) had an acute purulent
      appendicitis (three with perforation), four were classified as slightly inflamed
      cases (group 2) and four had a normal appendix (group 3). The B. fragilis group
      of bacteria dominated among the anaerobic isolates, but Bifidobacteria,
      Fusobacteri, Clostridium perfringens, Lactobacilli, Leptotrichia and Veillonella,
      in decreasing order, were isolated as well. Among isolates of aerobic bacteria,
      E. coli was most frequently isolated (26/30 patients). No other genus was
      isolated from more than four of the appendices. Serological investigations of the
      humoral antibody response to polysaccharide antigens from four of the Bacteroides
      species showed that a doubling of the titer, or more, in paired serum samples
      could be observed as follows: against B. fragilis 6/22 patients (group 1), 3/8
      patients (groups 2 and 3). The corresponding figures for B. ovatus were 11/22 and
      2/8, B. vulgatus 3/22 and 0/8 and B. distasonis 4/22 and 0/8. Sera from two
      patients with ruptured appendix, and B. fragilis cultivated, showed the highest
      titer increases against the B. fragilis antigen. The data from the
      bacteriological and immunological investigations make us conclude that (i) the B.
      fragilis group of bacteria is the most common anaerobic group of bacteria
      isolated from normal and diseased appendices, (ii) the mere isolation of B.
      fragilis, encapsulated or not, does not imply an etiological role in appendicitis
      since there was no obvious difference in titer increases against B. fragilis in
      sera from patients with or without an inflamed appendix, and (iii) high, and
      significant, titer increases against B. fragilis are seen in sera from patients
      with ruptured appendix.

PMID- 379990
TI  - Anaerobic infections of the female genital tract.
AB  - The anaerobic flora of the cervix undergoes cyclic change during menstruation and
      pregnancy. The etiopathogenesis of anaerobic infections of the female genital
      tract is described. The in vitro susceptibility of the cervical microflora to
      various antibiotics presented and treatment of anaerobic infections of the female
      genital tract briefly is discussed.

PMID- 379992
TI  - Metronidazole in the prevention and treatment of anaerobic sepsis.

PMID- 379993
TI  - Is beta-receptor blockade of value in continence training of children?
AB  - The relaxation of the outlet region of the bladder is subserved by beta
      adrenergic receptors. It is conceivable, therefore, that inhibition of beta
      adrenergic function should be of value as part of a continence training program
      in patients with neurogenic bladders. This hypothesis was tested in a series of
      thirteen children with spinal lesions. A double-blind, cross-over study of
      alprenolol versus placebo was performed during conventional continence training.
      The number of "dry periods", however did not differ during the alprenolol and
      placebo periods. One reason for the lack of clinical effect may be that the drug
      simultaneously blocked the beta receptors in the corpusfundus of the bladder,
      thereby decreasing the volume capacity.

PMID- 379994
TI  - [Homage to Prof. Robert Wenner, secretary general of the Swiss Academy of Medical
      Sciences].

PMID- 379996
TI  - The chemistry and biology of a hot water extract from delipidated Mycobacterium
      bovis, strain BCG.

PMID- 379997
TI  - "Uninformed consent".

PMID- 379995
TI  - [Intact function of a transplanted kidney 3 years after organ transplantation
      with primary oxalosis].
AB  - The case is presented of a 42-year-old patient with type I primary hyperoxaluria.
      Following failure of a first kidney allotransplant due to recurrence of oxalosis
      after an episode of anuria, a second graft is functioning perfectly 3 years after
      transplant. The literature is reviewed and possible supportive therapies are
      discussed.

PMID- 379999
TI  - Opiate use and legislative control: a nineteenth century case study.

PMID- 379998
TI  - New drugs and the brain.

PMID- 380000
TI  - Health measurement bibliography.

PMID- 380002
TI  - Surgical treatment of decubitus ulcer.

PMID- 380001
TI  - [Scarlet fever].

PMID- 380003
TI  - [Public health in Bashkiria in the past 60 years].

PMID- 380004
TI  - [Petersburg women physicians' courses and the sociomedical activities of their
      graduates (on the centenary of the 1st graduation of women physicians)].

PMID- 380005
TI  - [N.G. Chernyshevskii and Saratov physicians].

PMID- 380006
TI  - [In memory of the participants in the revolutionary movement, the physicians A.
      Iu. and A.N. Feit].

PMID- 380007
TI  - [Pavel Efimovich Zabludovskii].

PMID- 380008
TI  - [Development of public health in the United Republic of Cameroon].

PMID- 380009
TI  - [History of the training of medical personnel in the USSR].

PMID- 380010
TI  - [30th anniversary of courses for the training of administrative public health
      workers].

PMID- 380011
TI  - [Medical service for miners and metallurgists of the Donets Basin in the period
      of restoration of the national economy (1920--1929)].

PMID- 380012
TI  - [Life and scientific activities of the Baltic historian of medicine, I. I.
      Brennsohn (1854--1928)].

PMID- 380013
TI  - [Epidemiological study of an outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella
      enteritidis ser Hildelberg in Mexico, 1975].

PMID- 380014
TI  - [Clinical picture and evolution of scarlet fever due to beta hemolytic group
      streptococcus].

PMID- 380015
TI  - [Health conditions in the Pirot region during the first years after the
      liberation from the Turks in 1877].

PMID- 380016
TI  - [Centuries-old community involvement of South African physicians].
AB  - Involvement in community affairs is an honoured tradition among South African
      medical practitioners. The so-called old doctor belonged to an era when
      dedication to the arts, botany, zoology and nature in general was often combined
      with the practice of medicine. They were colourful individuals and their names
      are worth remembering in this eventful year.

PMID- 380017
TI  - [The development of occupational health in South Africa].
AB  - Industrial development in South Africa started after the discovery of diamonds
      and gold towards the end of the last century. Two world wars gave impetus to an
      industrial revolution which is still continuing. Experience with good
      occupational health services on the mines was not fully applied to industries,
      and the Erasmus Commission of Inquiry (1975) found many shortcomings. It is hoped
      that 1979, the Health Year, will bring a new deal for good health in our
      industries.

PMID- 380018
TI  - The South African contribution to medicine in a tropical environment.

PMID- 380019
TI  - Health legislation--a historical review.
AB  - The historical developments which led to the eventual promulgation of the Health
      Act of 1977 are enumerated. Mention is made of the parts played by the
      secretaries for health and the various commissions and committees in the
      evolutionary progress of the Act. The future pattern of responsibility for health
      services by three levels of government are suggested.

PMID- 380020
TI  - Antibiotic-resistant Serratia marcescens infection in a hospital.
AB  - Over a 12-month period, 74 isolates of Serratia marcescens were obtained from
      various sources at Tygerberg Hospital. The majority of these isolates were from
      catheterized patients with urinary tract infections, and were non-pigmented and
      resistant to all antibiotics tested, excepting amikacin and neomycin. All
      isolates transferred resistance to tobramycin, gentamicin and tetracycline by
      conjugation to Escherichia coli recipients as separate markers at low frequency.
      A non-self-transmissible plasmid conferring resistance to kanamycin, ampicillin
      and gentamicin was mobilized from Serratia species to E. coli, and became fully
      self-transmissible in subsequent matings.

PMID- 380021
TI  - Preliminary results in human schistosomiasis with Ro 11-3128.

PMID- 380022
TI  - Anton Chekhov (1860-1904). Writer, physician and tuberculosis patient.
AB  - Chekhov chose writing as a career after a childhood of hardship and poverty.
      Tuberculosis manifested soon after medical graduation and caused his death at the
      age of 44. Essentially a short story writer, he used simplicity and impressionism
      to portray sympathetically the psychology of the common man. Similarly his plays,
      popular today, written in a light and ethereal style, while static, have an inner
      psychological evolution. The best example is The Cherry Orchard.

PMID- 380023
TI  - Constant positive airway pressure. A review.
AB  - Constant positive airway pressure (CPAP) represents a major advance in the
      treatment of hypoxaemia. By increasing the functional residual capacity (FRC),
      airway closure and airway resistance are minimized. Ventilation and perfusion are
      more evenly matched so that gas exchange is made more efficient. In addition, the
      lung remains on a favourable portion of the compliance curve so that the work of
      breathing is reduced. The increased oxygenation is achieved at the lowest
      possible inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2) to minimize oxygen toxocity. A
      unified approach to the terms used, as well as their abbreviations, is presented.

PMID- 380024
TI  - [Assays of antithrombin III by bioimmunologic methods (author's transl)].

PMID- 380025
TI  - Factors affecting coping of adolescents and infants on a reverse isolation unit.
AB  - This paper describes factors that affect the coping processes of adolescents with
      aplastic anemia and infants with severe combined immuno-deficiency disease
      treated on a reverse isolation unit. The adolescents demonstrated a rich
      diversity of coping styles depending on the interaction of a variety of factors.
      Special stresses to other family members, such as the reactions of the child
      donor, are also highlighted. For the infants, the dyadic relationship with the
      mothering figure, the feelings of the family about the fact of genetic
      transmission, and the impact of isolation on the infant's development are
      identified as important psychosocial variables in the infant's adjustment. A
      multidimensional perspective such as that provided within a systems framework,
      which encourages an appreciation of the interactive diversity of all factors, is
      presented as the most useful approach to interventions.

PMID- 380027
TI  - A simple geometric flap for the closure of skin defects.
AB  - The Limberg flap is a useful method of closing defects anywhere on the body which
      are too large for simple closure but where skin grafting is not desirable. It is
      an easy flap to perform, and it is reliable and safe to use. It must not,
      however, be used indiscriminately or by rote. Care must be taken in planning both
      the excision and the flap so that the points which must move farthest are placed
      where the skin is maximally extensible. With such planning, accurate and precise
      designing and careful surgical technique, the Limberg flap can be used
      successfully to solve a number of otherwise extremely difficult problems.

PMID- 380026
TI  - Split thickness skin grafting of the plantar surface of the foot after wide
      excision of neoplasms of the skin.
AB  - Results of our studies show split thickness skin grafts are an effective cover
      for plantar surface defects resulting from tumor excision. Long term follow-up
      studies of these patients revealed no graft failures. The ease with which split
      thickness skin grafts can be performed makes it the treatment of choice for
      reconstruction of areas of excison of neoplasms of the skin on the plantar
      surface of the foot.

PMID- 380028
TI  - Abdominal actinomycosis.

PMID- 380029
TI  - The dilemma regarding postoperative chemotherapy in primary carcinoma of the
      colon.

PMID- 380030
TI  - The blood-ocular barriers.
AB  - The introduction of the concept of blood-ocular barriers in the ophthalmic
      literature is briefly reviewed. Two main blood-ocular barriers are proposed: the
      blood-aqueous barrier and the blood-retinal barrier. The blood-aqueous barrier is
      formed by an epithelial barrier located in the nonpigmented layer of the ciliary
      epithelium and in the posterior iridial epithelium, and by the endothelium of the
      iridial vessels. Both these layers have tight junctions of the "leaky" type. The
      pereability of the blood-aqueous barrier shows a significant degree of pressure
      dependent diffusion associated with transport activity, resembling the standing
      gradient osmotic flow model. The blood-retinal barrier is located at two levels,
      forming an outer barrier in the retinal pigment epithelium and an inner barrier
      in the endothelial membrane of the retinal vessels. Both these membranes have
      tight junctions of the "nonleaky" type. The permeability of the blood-retinal
      barrier resembles cellular permeability in general, diffusion being directly
      related to the predominant roles of lipid solubility and transport mechanisms.
      Finally, the clinical significance of the blood-ocular barrier is analyzed. The
      metabolism of cornea and lens and the regulation of intraocular fluids are
      directly influenced by the blood-aqueous barrier. Similarly, an alteration of the
      blood-retinal barrier appears to play an important role in the development of
      vascular retinopathies, pigment epitheliopathies, and retinal edema.

PMID- 380031
TI  - The founding and early years of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary.
AB  - The Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, one of America's first such
      institutions, was founded on October 1, 1824, and incorporated on February 23,
      1827, by Edward Reynolds, John Jeffries, and a group of charity-minded
      Bostonians. The Boston men looked, as did the founders of other early U.S. eye
      infirmaries, to John Cunningham Saunders' London Eye Infirmary for guidance.
      During its first years the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary knew economic
      insecurity, but once it earned in the Boston community the reputation of being a
      worthy charity, its fiscal affairs ceased to be a pressing problem, and it went
      on to know a growth worthy of the motives of its founders.

PMID- 380032
TI  - Bibliography: the sympathetic nervous system and the eye.

PMID- 380033
TI  - Physiological and metabolic correlations in human sepsis. Invited commentary.
AB  - The septic response in man appears to be a disease in which the infecting agent
      induces a state of disordered metabolic control in the host. The abnormal
      regulation of metabolic pathways causes a diversion of substrate utilization
      toward gluconeogenesis and ketone body formation and a reduction in oxidative
      energy-producing metabolism. This state of metabolic insufficiency is reflected
      in the pattern of cardiorespiratory, vascular, and physiological compensation.
      The precise magnitude of the resultant physiological compensation and its rate
      and direction of change can be quantified by the use of physiological state
      trajectories which also reflect the magnitude of underlying metabolic
      derrangements. The prognostic and therapeutic implications of these changes are
      discussed.

PMID- 380034
TI  - Selective lymphoid irradiation. I. An approach to transplantation.
AB  - The kinetics, distribution, and radiobiologic effects of palladium (Pd)-109
      hematoporphyrin were determined in the rat. In addition, we studied the effect on
      rat heart allograft survival of Pd-109-hematoporphyrin, with and without
      antilymphocyte serum (ALS). A single sublethal dose of Pd-109-hematoporphyrin (up
      to 36 muCi/kg) resulted in the following: predominant concentration in lymphoid
      tissue and proximal bone marrow, complete central and proximal bone marrow
      ablation with preservation of distal bone marrow, massive depletion of
      lymphocytes from lymph nodes and spleen, an 80% reduction in peripheral blood
      lymphocytes which was completed by the addition of ALS, full recovery of lymphoid
      tissue and blood cellularity within 60 days of administration of radionuclide,
      and a 100% animal survival rate. This method of selective lymphoid irradiation
      (SLI) prolongs indefinitely Fisher cardiac allografts in Lewis recipients and
      significantly prolongs cardiac allograft survival across major histocompatibility
      barries (ACI to Lewis or to Fisher). Specific tolerance to donor strains was
      demonstrated by the acceptance of Fisher skin by Lewis recipients carrying 150
      day-old Fisher hearts. Third party (ACI) skin allografts were rapidly rejected by
      the same animals. Further studies of SLI in larger animals are required to
      determine the optimal safe dose of SLI in man.

PMID- 380035
TI  - The influence of catabolism on immunocompetence in burned patients.

PMID- 380036
TI  - The effects of glucagon on protein metabolism in normal man.
AB  - Plasma glucagon rises after major injury and could act to increase
      gluconeogenesis and ureagenesis in the post-traumatic state. This study documents
      the effect of prolonged glucagon infusion on ureagenesis and nitrogen excretion,
      as well as possible sources of the increased ureagenesis, in normal man. Four
      healthy men fasted for 6 days during intravenous infusion of glucose (750 gmday),
      establishing a steady state of minimal ureagenesis. Glucagon (1 mg/day) then was
      added to the infusion for 5 days. Glucose alone was given for the final 2 days.
      Forearm muscle flux of metabolites was determined by standard arterial-deep
      venous sampling and capacitance plethysmography. Glucagon concentration was
      suppressed during glucose infusion (11 +/- 13 pg/ml) and rose to levels seen in
      subjects with major trauma during glucagon infusion (669 +/- 138 pg/ml). Glucose
      infusion stabilized urine nitrogen excretion at 1.54 +/- 0.42 gm of N/sq m/day.
      Nitrogen excretion increased to 2.40 +/- 0.53 gm of N/sq m/day with glucagon
      infusion, with urea accounting for the increased excretion. Excretion of 3
      methylhistidine was unchanged. Plasma amino acid concentration was strikingly
      reduced on the first day of glucagon infusion, where it stabilized. Forearm flux
      showed a slight net release of amino acid nitrogen during glucose infusion.
      Addition of glucagon to the glucose infusion resulted in a net uptake of nitrogen
      by forearm skeletal muscle. These evidences strong suggest that glucagon infusion
      in normal man increases ureagenesis, not only at the expense of the free amino
      acid pool, but by the hydrolysis of visceral protein as well, with muscle protein
      being maintained.

PMID- 380037
TI  - Improved renal allograft survival with selected HLA antigen matching.
AB  - We examined the influence of the three most frequent linkage disequilibrium
      antigen combinations, HLA 1-8, 2-12, and 3-7, on renal allograft survival. We
      reviewed the results of 214 first transplants to recipients sharing exactly two
      HLA-A or -B antigens with the donor, excluding failures caused by hyperacute
      rejection or technical factors. Actuarial graft survival for matches having HLA 1
      8, 2-12 or 3-7 was compared with all other two-antigen matches within the group.
      Improved graft survival, occurred with HLA 1-8 matches (85% and 80% at 2 and 5
      years, respectively) and with HLA 2-12 matches (80% at both 2 and 5 years),
      compared to all other two-antigen matches (71% and 58% at 2 and 5 years,
      respectively). Allografts matched for HLA 3-7 had poorer graft survival (44% at
      both 2 and 5 years). We compared nondiabetic and diabetic recipients and found
      similar improved graft survival with HLA 1-8 or 2-12 matches in nondiabetic
      recipients. There was no difference, however, in graft survival in diabetic
      recipients with HLA 1-8 or 2-12 matches, as compared to other two-antigen
      matches. We conclude that HLA antigen matches of 1-8 or 2-12 between donor and
      recipient have demonstrated improved graft survival in nondiabetic recipients,
      while HLA 3-7 matches have poorer survival, as compared to other two-antigen
      matches. Thus, unlike single antigen serotyping, selected HLA antigen matching
      appears to afford superior graft survival.

PMID- 380038
TI  - Extra-abdominal manifestations of acute pancreatitis.

PMID- 380040
TI  - Publicly funded dental programs in Texas.

PMID- 380039
TI  - A double blind single dose comparison between two analgesics, rimazolium and
      acetylsalicylic acid in oral surgery outpatients.
AB  - The relief of pain after extraction of a mandibular third molar by two
      analgesics, rimazolium and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was studied in three groups
      of patients, who received either of these analgesics or a placebo. A
      questionnaire and careful instructions on its use were given to the patients. ASA
      had a better effect than both rimazolium and placebo. The results are discussed
      with regard to differences between analgesics with or without anti-inflammatory
      properties.

PMID- 380041
TI  - Taking the mystery out of full dentures.

PMID- 380042
TI  - Ethical, legal, and medical aspects of brain death: a review and proposal.

PMID- 380043
TI  - Environmental cancer: on the causes of the main human cancers.
AB  - A brief review is given of the causes of the main human cancers. We distinguish
      occupationally-incurred cancer, which arises in individuals exposed at work to
      varied carcinogenic chemicals and which yielded cancer at a site depending on the
      nautre of the carcinogen. In the context of the total incidence of cancer in the
      United States, occupational cancer assumes a minor quantitative role.
      Nonetheless, provided proper plant design and hygienic measures are developed,
      these cancers are totally preventable. Most of the remaining human cancers in the
      United States such as cancer of the respiratory tract, the digestive tract
      including stomach and large bowel, and in the endocrine-sensitive organs like
      breast, prostate, ovary, and endometrium are related to our lifestyle, namely
      smoking of cigarettes, and diet. The mechanism whereby lifestyle translates to
      certain of these diseases is presented, and recommendations for prevention are
      made. Considering the increasing cost of health care, it is noted that prevention
      is not only ethically best, but economically sound.

PMID- 380044
TI  - How do we know what causes cancer.

PMID- 380046
TI  - [Surgical management of diarrheas].

PMID- 380045
TI  - Tubulin and actin immunofluorescence as an aid in detecting cell transformation
      in vitro.

PMID- 380047
TI  - [Eye doctor for over 40 years].

PMID- 380048
TI  - [Fenoterol suppositories in obstructive respiratory diseases].

PMID- 380049
TI  - Thrombosis: a study of coagulation parameters and mechanisms during allograft
      rejection.
AB  - Thrombosis of the microvasculature has been recognized at the end product of
      organ rejection, but the exact biological pathway through which this occurs has
      not been clarified. Normal, factor VII deficient and heterozygous hemophilic
      (factor VIII) dogs were grouped to study the intrinsic and extrinsic clotting and
      platelet mechanisms during unmodified renal allograft rejection. The observed
      alterations of the hemostatic mechanisms are related to the changes observed in
      the microvasculature. Six groups of donor-recipient animals were studied: Group I
      -autografts (control); Group II - normal to normal allografts with bilateral
      nephrectomy; Group III - heterozygotes for factor VIII deficiency; Group IV -
      normal to normal allografts with unilateral nephrectomy; Group V - normal to
      factor VII deficiency without nephrectomy; and Group VI - normal to normal
      allografts with unilateral nephrectomy and dipyridamole. Each engrafted animal
      was followed pre- and posttransplantation for change in the blood clotting
      factors, fibrin split products, platelets, white blood cells, renal function and
      microvasculature. The animals with factor VII deficiency rejected in a similar
      fashion as the control animals. The group with impaired factor VIII synthesis and
      platelet function had longer survival times. These data suggest that the
      intrinsic clotting pathway and platelets are the primary mechanism through which
      thrombosis occurs secondary to immune injury.

PMID- 380051
TI  - [Esthetic harmony from the prosthetic viewpoint].

PMID- 380050
TI  - [Gastrointestinal diseases caused by Yersinia enterocolitica].

PMID- 380052
TI  - [Biomechanics of free end partial dentures].

PMID- 380054
TI  - [The blood supply of the single tooth and its functional change caused by
      prosthetic therapy].
AB  - The author presents two functional diagnostic procedures for determining the
      blood supply to the individual tooth. Due to its methodical and instrumental
      prerequisites, it is not likely that intravital angiography will be developed
      into a procedure suited for stomatological practice. On the contrary, the nuclear
      medical method for determining the microcirculation will become practice-relevant
      after technical improvement.

PMID- 380053
TI  - [Diagnostic measures during functional impressions].

PMID- 380055
TI  - [Possibilities and limits in the early diagnosis of peridontal insufficiency].
AB  - Up to now, the early detection and the discriminating evaluation of periodontal
      insufficiency are not feasible due to the variety of conditions provoking a
      pathological response of the tissues. In general, the defence may be regarded as
      sufficient. Exceptions to this rule are periodontal changes existent already in
      adolescence and therapy-resistant gingivitides in which endogenous causal factors
      obviously predominate. A disproportion of tooth mobility to bone reduction and a
      tendency to abscess-formation, tooth migrations and recurrences after periodontal
      therapy are indicative of insufficiency. The development of a progressive course
      is to be compared with the breakdown of the barrier of defence. The reduction or
      elimination of provoking and conditioning factors prior to prosthetic therapy is
      considered to be the way to maintain the "stability" of the periodontal tissues.

PMID- 380056
TI  - [Demonstration of gingival and mucosal findings].
AB  - As the conventional diagnostic methods are largely dependent upon the subjective
      power of judgment, despite the good recognizability of the mucosa which lines the
      oral cavity, the present day possibilities of extended diagnostics are discussed
      and commented upon. Neither the ultrasonic diagnostic methods for determining the
      thickness of the mucosa, nor the cytologic and histologic methods may be
      considered practice-relevant. But it is of interest that the specialized, lining
      and masticatory mucosae show specific reactions. The masticatory mucosa which
      comprises also the rests of the gingiva propria, is as well individually
      determined, which explains the different responses to mechanical, chemical and
      bacterial-toxic stimuli. A choice of clinical examples serves to demonstrate that
      such empirical values may be useful in clinical diagnostics and, thus, that they
      are of great importance in preparation of prosthetic-therapeutic measures.

PMID- 380057
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint an insufficient dentition].
AB  - The disease of the orofacial organ is predominantly a dysfunction, the parts of
      the organ affecting one another reciprocally. All changes in the dentition
      disturb the balance and may produce occlusal disorders. For this reason, it is
      recommendable to initiate the prosthetic treatment of the incomplete dentition as
      early and properly as possible. Temporary biteguard splints (fig. 3) have proved
      a success.

PMID- 380058
TI  - [Possibilities of evaluating the stability of total lower dentures by means of
      modern radiodiagnostic methods].

PMID- 380059
TI  - [The use of composites (with referenceto their technological and clinical
      properties)].
AB  - In the present paper the authors report of the pulp tolerance, marginal
      adaptation, abrasive behaviour and discolouration of composites. Starting from
      these properties, they deal with indications, cavity preparation, pulp
      protection, enamel etching, processing and finishing. Finally, the composites are
      evaluated with reference to recent findings.

PMID- 380061
TI  - Medicine and surgery as art or craft: the role of schematic literature in the
      separation of medicine and surgery in the late middle ages.

PMID- 380060
TI  - [The cleansing phase of periodontal therapy].
AB  - Having substantiated the need for treatment and having explained the treatment
      plan, the author describes the contents of the hygienizing phase of periodontal
      therapy. Now as before, great importance is attached to tooth-cleaning. The
      Charter technique is recommended for the periodontally diseased dentition.
      Mineralized deposits on teeth may be removed by means of hand instruments or
      ultrasonics. Various modifications of balneotherapy are indicated for all
      diseases of the tooth-supporting structures. The mechanotherapy supports the
      stomatological efforts towards oral health rehabilitation and prevents
      recurrences.

PMID- 380062
TI  - "Even to a sucking infant": nostrums and children.

PMID- 380063
TI  - The case of the quarrelsome watchmen.

PMID- 380064
TI  - Dwarfism and cervical rib in an Anglo-Saxon from Jarrow Monastery.

PMID- 380065
TI  - Memoir of J. Montgomery Deaver, 1901--1978.

PMID- 380066
TI  - Memoir of M. Louise C. Gloeckner 1904--1978.

PMID- 380067
TI  - Memoir of Harry P. Schenck 1894-1978.

PMID- 380068
TI  - Quantitative studies on the tissue distribution of Ia and SD antigens in the DA
      and Lewis rat strains.
AB  - The tissue distribution of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens in the
      DA and Lewis (LEW) strains was studied using LEW anti-DA and DA anti-LEW
      alloantisera. Quantitative absorption analyses were used with quantitative
      binding assays for SD and Ia antigens. Initial screening showed that the LEW anti
      DA serum contained significant amounts of antibodies against both Ia and SD
      antigens. On the other hand, the DA anti-LEW serum seemed to be directed almost
      entirely against Ia antigens, and it was not possible to set up assays for SD
      antigens in the LEW strain. The most surprising finding was the presence of large
      amounts of Ia antigen on the kidneys of both the DA and LEW strains, one kidney
      containing as much Ia antigen as half a spleen. Kidney also contained large
      amounts of SD antigen. Liver had large amounts of SD, but very little Ia. Heart
      had only small amounts of both SD and Ia. The relevance of these findings to
      transplantation of the kidney, liver, and heart are discussed. The other tissues
      studied were brain, spleen, lymph node, thoracic duct lymphocytes, bone marrow,
      thymus, RBC, and platelets. The most interesting findings were the presence of
      relatively large amounts of SD antigens on DA RBC, and small amounts of Ia on the
      thymus and bone marrow.

PMID- 380069
TI  - Specific unresponsiveness to skin allografts in mice. V. Synergy between donor
      tissue extract, procarbazine hydrochloride, and antilymphocyte serum in creating
      a long-lasting unresponsiveness mediated by suppressor T cells.

PMID- 380071
TI  - Transplantation of autoimmune potential. IV. Reversal of the NZB autoimmune
      syndrome by bone marrow transplantation.

PMID- 380070
TI  - The lymphatic drainage of the rat prostate and its status as an immunologically
      privileged site.
AB  - Recent suggestions that the rat prostate is an alymphatic, immunologically
      privileged site stimulated further investigation of its status using a variety of
      techniques. Fixation of certain organs by vascular perfusion of glutaraldehyde
      followed by plastic embedding avoids the distortion and stromal reorganization
      that often obscures evidence of lymphatic vessels in conventional histological
      preparations. When applied to the rat prostate, this technique revealed small
      lymphatic vessels at irregular intervals throughout the sparse stroma. Ink
      injected into the prostate drained from the organ into iliac lymph nodes within 3
      to 4 hr. Enlargement of iliac lymph nodes within 1 week after injection of
      parental strain lymphoid cells into the prostate of F1 rats confirmed the
      drainage pattern. Ink and lymphoid cell injections into the bladder wall yielded
      comparable results, although ink reached iliac nodes sooner than it did in
      prostate injections. Immunological privilege was investigated by determining
      survival of skin allografts implanted in the prostate. Skin-into-prostate grafts
      bearing either major or minor histocompatibility antigens were rejected within a
      few days of similar orthotopic grafts. The inability of the rat prostate to allow
      significantly prolonged allograft survival as well as its demonstrated lymphatic
      drainage argues against an immunologically privileged status.

PMID- 380072
TI  - An adverse effect of rapid cooling in kidney preservation.

PMID- 380073
TI  - Azathioprine is necessary in kidney transplantation.

PMID- 380075
TI  - Determining factors in the prolongation of kidney allograft survival by
      pretreatment with concanavalin A.

PMID- 380074
TI  - Successful engraftment of cryopreserved autologous bone marrow stem cells in man.

PMID- 380076
TI  - Influence of matching for HLA-DR antigens on skin graft survival.
AB  - HLA-DR typing results of 47 skin transplant donor-recipient pairs were analysed.
      HLA-A, B, and C typing and mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) testing was also
      included in this study. Skin transplants exchanged between HLA-A-, B-, and DR
      identical, MLC-negative donor-recipient pairs had the longest graft survival
      (mean survival time, 17 days), whereas skin grafts exchanged between completely
      nonidentical donor-recipient combinations had the shortest survival (mean
      survival time, 10 days). Because of the correlation between identity for the DR
      antigens and the low or nonreactivity in the MLC test, identity for DR will
      predict a better skin graft survival than nonidentity. It was concluded that the
      best match between donor and recipient of a graft, using only serological
      techniques, is one where there is identity for HLA-A, B, and DR.

PMID- 380077
TI  - In vivo activity of an H-2 alloantiserum purified by affinity chromatography on
      transplantation antigens.
AB  - Transplantation antigens were isolated from murine tissue by solubilization with
      NP-40 and purification on a lentil lectin-Sepharose column. The glycoproteins
      eluted from the lectin column were coupled to CNBr-activated Sepharose to prepare
      a specific immunoadsorbent. Intact histocompatibility antigens were demonstrated
      on the carrier particles in a cytotoxic inhibition assay with specific antiserum
      and spleen lymphocytes. Adsorption and subsequent elution of alloantiserum
      directed against the coupled antigens yielded a 30-fold purified product. The
      presence of both active K and I region products on the column was demonstrated by
      the in vivo activities of the alloantibodies eluted from the coupled molecules.
      Both acute rejection, a function of H-2K antibodies, and passive enhancement, a
      function of Ia antibodies, could be induced by administration of the eluate to
      recipients of skin allografts. These in vivo results show that the adsorbent can
      be used for preparative purposes.

PMID- 380078
TI  - Effect of splenectomy alone and in combination with antilymphocyte serum on renal
      allograft rejection in the rat.
AB  - The effect of splenectomy alone and in combination with suboptimal doses of
      antilymphocyte serum (ALS) have been studied in the relatively weak (DA X
      Lewis)F1 to DA and the strong DA to Lewis renal allograft models. In the F1 to DA
      model, splenectomy alone produced a slight but significant prolongation of graft
      survival and in combination with a suboptimal dose of ALS gave excellent
      suppression of rejection. In the strong DA to Lewis model, splenectomy alone had
      no effect on graft survival and there were no additive effects with suboptimal
      doses of ALS. However, splenectomy alone produced a striking suppression of the
      lymphocytotoxic response to the kidney grafts in this combination. To elucidate
      the mechansim whereby splenectomy weakens the immune response, (DA X Lewis)F1 to
      DNA renal allografts were performed with the renal vein anastomosed to the
      recipient's portal vein. This procedure had no effect on graft survival.

PMID- 380079
TI  - Rat mutant (NZNU) showing "nude" characteristics.
AB  - A new rat mutant (nznu) is described which shows characteristics similar to those
      of the nude mouse. The mutant is an autosomal recessive. Homozygotes are
      essentially hairless (except for stunted vibriassae) and show deficient thymus
      gland development. Under conventional breeding conditions the mutants are
      difficult to raise and few survive weaning. The absence of functional thymus
      derived lymphocytes in the nude rat is implied by (1) acceptance of
      histoincompatible skin grafts, (2) lack of response to the T cell mitogens
      phytohaemagglutinin and concanvalin A, and (3) absence of cells sensitive to
      alloantiserum directed against rat thymus-derived lymphocytes. Although total
      blood leukocytes from the nude rat were within the normal range, differential
      counting of leukocytes showed a 4-fold elevation of neutrophils and a 2.5-fold
      reduction of lymphocytes, compared with normal rats. Phenotypically normal
      heterozygotes gave values intermediate between nude and normal rats.

PMID- 380080
TI  - Orthotopic bone transplantation in mice. I. Technique and assessment of healing.
AB  - A technique for orthotopic bone transplantation in mice has been developed. A
      section of recipient tibia was removed and replaced by a similar section from the
      donor animal. The graft was held in place by internal fixation. Bone healing was
      assessed clinically, histologically, radiologically, and by torsion testing. The
      most objective measurements of bone healing were the maximum torque and the
      energy absorbed by the bone to failure, which were derived from torsion testing.
      The degree of bone healing in donor-recipient combinations differing at H-2, non
      H-2, or H-Y antigens was compared to the degree of healing in syngeneic controls.
      The incidence of nonunion was significantly increased in the H-2-disparate group.
      Furthermore, the extent of bone healing as measured by torsion testing was
      significantly reduced in both the H-2-and the H-Y-disparate groups. Thus, in the
      strain combinations tested, the order of importance of the genetic disparities
      influencing allogeneic bone grafts was H-2 greater than H-Y greater than non-H-2.
      The impaired healing of allogeneic bone grafts was probably immunologically
      mediated, as suggested by the observation that recipients of bone allografts
      rejected subsequent skin allografts in an accelerated manner.

PMID- 380081
TI  - Orthotopic bone transplantation in mice. II. Studies of the alloantibody
      response.
AB  - The alloantibody response of mice receiving cortical bone allografts was
      investigated. Such grafts were highly immunogenic, resulting in antibody
      responses at least as strong as those to skin allografts in the same
      combinations. The duration of the response to a single bone allograft was very
      prolonged (greater than 10 months). The antibody response was shown to be
      directed against H-2K, H-2D, Ia, and at least two non-H-2 antigens. Although the
      great majority of the parenchymal cells of the graft were dead, the
      immunogenicity of the graft required living cells, since bone that had previously
      been frozen and thawed was nonimmunogenic. By retransplanting bone allografts to
      a second recipient it was possible to demonstrate that the grafts remained
      immunogenic for at least 4 weeks after transplantation, indicating that the
      living immunogenic cells survived in the recipient for at least 4 weeks. Such
      cells may be certain cells of the cortical bone itself, or else residual bone
      marrow elements which adhere to the endosteal surface of the bone. The
      observation that a small subpopulation of living cells can provoke strong immune
      responses against a wide variety of antigens may have implications for
      understanding the immunogenicity of other types of allografts.

PMID- 380082
TI  - Effect of chondroitin sulfate on the prolongation of kidney allograft survival. A
      study of flushing, hypothermic storage, and perfusion methods.

PMID- 380083
TI  - Expression of "Ia-like" antigens on cells from a human endometrial carcinoma cell
      line, END-1.

PMID- 380084
TI  - Circulating immune complexes in rats grafted with allogeneic tissues.

PMID- 380085
TI  - [Factors affecting the course of DNA acid hydrolysis in carrying out the Feulgen
      reaction].
AB  - Literature data concerning acid hydrolysis of DNA during the Feulgen procedure
      are reviewed, with emphasis being made on the dependence of Schiff-apurinic acid
      binding on the fixation technique, the temperature of hydrolysis and acid
      concentration, the rate of extraction of depolymerized DNA fragments, the
      nucleotide composition of DNA, the chromatin state, and on the composition of
      nucleoprotein. Some practical considerations for optimization of the Feulgen
      procedure for a precise quantitative determination of DNA amount are given.

PMID- 380086
TI  - [Quantitative cytochemical study of the RNA in tumor cells. II. The
      characteristics of the cell populatoins].
AB  - The quantity of DNA and RNA in tymocytes of AKR mice has been determined by
      Methylen blue staining. Cell populations of normal and tumor animals were divided
      into two groups with equal content of DNA to measure RNA content in either of
      them. The tumor cells had up to 380% RNA, if the normal content be taken for
      100%. Dynamics of RNA modifications in cells of normal tymocytes corresponded to
      the increasing DNA quantity. The RNA quantity in tumor cells increased in the
      beginning of S-phase.

PMID- 380087
TI  - [Cytofluorimetric study of the content of glycogen and its fractions in rat liver
      cells in the course of the 1st week of postnatal ontogeny].
AB  - A cytofluorometric study of the total glycogen and its fractions in rat liver
      cells using the fluorescent PAS reaction was made during 1--7 days of the
      postnatal development. It was established that glycogen content was small on the
      first two days of development. The glycogen content increases only on the third
      day after birth. The glycogen of the rat liver cells during a first week of the
      postnatal development is different from that detected in adult liver cells in two
      aspects: in 3 day old hepatocytes soluble and stable glycogen fractions are
      equal, while in adult rat liver cells the former makes 80--90%; during the first
      week of the postnatal development, the stable fraction of rat liver cell is more
      labile, while in the adult rat liver the soluble fraction of glycogen is more
      labiles.

PMID- 380088
TI  - [Factors that control the differentiation of stem cells. I. The change in
      direction of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation under the effect of
      differentiating T-lymphocytes].
AB  - A mixed transplantation of bone marrow cells, and lymph nodes or thymic cells of
      mice CBA strain into lethally irradiated hybrid recipients (CBAXC57B1)F1 is
      accompanied with changes in the differentiation pattern from a mainly erythroid
      to a mainly granuloid way. Thymectomy of either donor of bone marrow cells or
      recipients, or both, destroys the stem cell differentiation in the direction of
      granulopoieseis. Intact syngeneic lymphocytes normalize differentiation of the
      stem cells, but in the presence of tissue antigens these provide for the stem
      cell differentiation mainly in the direction of granulopoiesis. The
      differentiation of stem haemopoietic cells is accomplished under the thymic and
      lymphocyte control. T-differentiating lymphocytes (Td) are the lymphocytes
      controlling the stem cell differentiation.

PMID- 380090
TI  - [Renzo Grattarola: a life devoted to research].

PMID- 380089
TI  - [Cell aging in vitro].
AB  - The phenomenon of in vitro cell ageing has been considered in terms of limited
      multiplication and defined life span of cultured diploid cell strains and lines
      in vitro and in situ. Theories on cell ageing are discussed. Original recent
      evidence is provided concerning mouse embryo fibroblast ageing in vitro.
      Phenotypes of early, middle and late passage cells, observed with transmission
      and scanning electron microscopes, are described. Using light microscope
      autoradiography, proliferative capacity of these cells has been examined that
      involves replicative index, cell cycle durations, and 3H-actinomycin binding
      index. Transcription peculiarities of cultured cells of different age are
      described using such parameters as activities of RNA polymerases and of RNA
      synthesis estimated biochemically in isolated nuclei, and with the help of light
      autoradiography in living cells.

PMID- 380091
TI  - Nipple discharge as a sign of preneoplastic lesions and occult carcinoma of the
      breast: clinical and galactographic study in 103 consecutive patients.
AB  - A clinical and galactographic investigation was carried out on 103 patients with
      hematic, serous-hematic, and serous nipple discharge. The age of the patients
      ranged from 18 to 72 years. A single papilloma was found in 20 cases, diffuse
      papillomatosis in 2 cases, atypical ductal hyperplasia in 8 cases, and ductal
      carcinoma in 4 cases (3 of these were infiltrating and 1 was noninfiltrating
      associated with a diffuse papillomatosis). Mammography gave no indications of
      carcinoma in any of the 4 cases. In the remaining 49 patients, pictures of ductal
      hyperplasia, periductal mastitis or sclerosis, sclerosing adenosis, or ductal
      ectasia were observed. The various types of lesions were often associated.
      Lacunae, stenosis, or occlusion of the ducts, evidenced by galactography,
      correlated well with the histologic findings of proliferative lesions of the
      ductal epithelium. Nevertheless, in practice, it should be the type of discharge
      that indicates surgery rather than galactographic or cytologic data, which
      appeared to have little diagnostic value. The frequency with which preneoplastic
      (or limit) lesions, and also nonsuspect carcinomas were found in patients with a
      significant nipple discharge confirm the importance of this symptom for a
      secondary prevention of early diagnosis of mammary neoplastic lesions originating
      from galactophorous ducts. Finally, complete resection of the galactophorous
      ducts must be considered as the best treatment in all patients with a suspicious
      nipple discharge that requires surgery.

PMID- 380092
TI  - Thalassemia major terminating in a non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma: report of a case.
AB  - A large noncleaved diffuse follicular center cell lymphoma occurring in an 11
      year-old child with homozygous beta thalassemia is described. The possible
      relationship between numerous blood transfusions during a 10-year period and the
      occurrence of a B-cell lymphoma is discussed.

PMID- 380093
TI  - Radiotherapy for intracranial metastasis.
AB  - The results obtained in a series of 64 patients with intracranial metastasis
      treated by radiotherapy between 1970 and 1974 are reported. The primary site was
      the breast in 32 cases, the lung in 24 cases, the skin (melanoma) in 5 cases, and
      the bones in 1 case; 2 patients had an unknown primary. All patients received a
      treatment with high energy (telecobalt therapy). The entire brain was irradiated
      by 2 lateral fields; 1.5 to 2 Gy were administered daily for a total dose of 30
      to 40 Gy. The criterion for success was improvement of the functional capacity of
      the patient, i.e., regained intellectual awareness and physical abilities. To
      this aim, the patients were classified before and after therapy according to
      Order's neurological classification. An improvement was observed in 32 patients,
      whereas 21 patients remained essentially unchanged, and 11 patients worsened.
      Cerebral metastases from melanoma were radioresistant to the management. No
      influence on survival rate was observed.

PMID- 380094
TI  - [Effect of metabolism products of Shigella sonnei, Sh. flexneri and Sh. shigae on
      proteolytic activity of the organism connective tissue].
AB  - The activity of proteolytic enzymes, neutral proteinases and cathepsins E+D, was
      determined in homogenates from the tissues of capsules formed around diffusion
      chambers with shigella (Shigella sonnei, Sh. flexneri, Sh. shigae) 1, 2, 3, 5 and
      10 days after their implantation to the abdominal cavity of rabbits. The specific
      proteolytic activity in the capsule tissues in the experimental variants is
      higher in all the studied periods than in the control and its singularities
      depend on the microbe species. The rise in the proteolytic activity is the
      highest under the effect of the Sh. shigae metabolism products, the influence of
      Sh. flexneri and Sh. sonnei in this respect is somewhat less pronounced.

PMID- 380095
TI  - [Type 4 errors].

PMID- 380096
TI  - [Statistics and physicians].

PMID- 380097
TI  - [Atrial septal defect, primum type. Results of surgical treatment of 40
      patients].

PMID- 380098
TI  - [Evaluation of a cancer screening test (ICP test)].

PMID- 380099
TI  - [Microstix-Candida. A rapid and simple method for demonstration of yeasts in the
      vagina].

PMID- 380100
TI  - [1-layer suturing of colonic and rectal anastomoses].

PMID- 380101
TI  - Bibliography of diagnostic uses of ultrasound in medicine and biology from 1
      January 1971. No. 15.

PMID- 380102
TI  - [Intrauterine growth retardation].

PMID- 380105
TI  - American Association of Genito-Urinary Surgeons. Directory.

PMID- 380103
TI  - Nuclear imaging in urology.
AB  - Over the past 10 years nuclear renal imaging has proved to be a valuable
      diagnostic tool. The information derived from such studies must be correlated
      with all other imaging procedures now available, i.e., ultrasound and computed
      tomography. Prior to performing a study, the physician should focus carefully on
      what information is desired and whether or not it can be acquired. Once that is
      done, the use of these procedures in urology is extremely helpful and their aid
      in a given instance is limited only by the creative mind of the physicianuser.

PMID- 380106
TI  - An extended view of renal autotransplantation in humans.
AB  - Early cases of renal autotransplantation have resulted in 2 postoperative deaths
      in high risk patients, 1 nephrectomy with cure of high blood pressure, 1 cure of
      hypertension, 3 greatly reduced hypertensions and 2 highly successful bridgings
      for ureteral avulsions. Anticipated improvements in selection, especially for
      patients with hypertension, may widen applications in institutions in which
      homotransplantation is familiar.

PMID- 380104
TI  - Nuclear cystography in infants and children.

PMID- 380107
TI  - Sexual impotence: the overlooked complication of a second renal transplant.
AB  - THE INCIDENCE OF SEXUAL IMPOTENCE IN 20 MEN WHO HAVE RECEIVED AT LEAST 2 KIDNEY
      TRANSPLANTS WAS 65 PER CENT COMPARED TO 10 PER CENT AFTER THE FIRST TRANSPLANT.
      The impotence was transient (2 to 4 months) in both affected men after the first
      transplant but permanent (2 to 10 years) in 6 men after the second operation. We
      attribute this increased percentage of impotance to the second end-to-end
      arterial anastomosis that requires division of the internal iliac arteries. We
      suggest that the second transplant be placed end-to-side into the common iliac
      artery.

PMID- 380108
TI  - Government pressures on urological education.

PMID- 380109
TI  - Adjunctive chemotherapy of infection-induced staghorn calculi.
AB  - Bacteria induce urinary crystallization of struvite and carbonate-apatite as a by
      product of ureolysis by urease. Eradication of infection and/or inhibition of
      urease with acetohydroxamic acid for 5 to 30 months retarded stone growth and
      brought about partial or complete dissolution of stones in 9 patients. Long-term
      chemotherapy with antimicrobial agents that achieve sterile urine or
      acetohydroxamic acid in those patients with recalcitrant infection lessens the
      risk of recurrent calculogenesis.

PMID- 380110
TI  - Charles Donald Creevy. 1902-1977.

PMID- 380111
TI  - Ormond Skinner Culp. 1910-1977.

PMID- 380112
TI  - George Winthrop Fish. 1896-1977.

PMID- 380113
TI  - Ian Murchie Thompson. 1921-1977.

PMID- 380114
TI  - [Automated refractometry in clinical practice].

PMID- 380115
TI  - [Ruben Grigor'evich Berberov (1888 - 1978)].

PMID- 380116
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. A. A. Kolen].

PMID- 380117
TI  - Hyperadrenocorticism (hyperadrenocorticoidism, hyperadrenocorticalism, Cushing's
      disease, Cushing's syndrome).

PMID- 380118
TI  - Skin diseases associated with autoimmunity.

PMID- 380119
TI  - Paul Cohrs 1897-1977.

PMID- 380120
TI  - The pathogenesis of Trypanosoma congolense infection in calves. III. Neutropenia
      and myeloid response.
AB  - Calves infected with Trypanosoma congolense TREU 112 had, at the onset of anemia,
      a very low total white cell count and neutropenia but with chronicity there was
      lymphocytosis. Infected calves had a marked reduction in granulocyte mobilization
      for the first 14 weeks of infection and there was reduced ability to mount an
      inflammatory response during the onset of anemia. Bone marrow aspiration biopsies
      showed marked erythroid hyperplasia in response to the anemia with a relative and
      likely absolute reduction in myeloid precursors and marrow granulocyte reserves.

PMID- 380122
TI  - Leucocytic changes in cows given intravenous injections of E coli endotoxin.

PMID- 380121
TI  - Pharmacological control of reproduction cycles.

PMID- 380124
TI  - American Association of Poison Control Centers membership list -- 1979 (As of
      April 30, 1979).

PMID- 380123
TI  - We want to train toxicologists for a need.
AB  - This country needs toxicologists in a variety of institutions, and needs
      toxicologists with different backgrounds. All programs in toxicology can't
      satisfy every specific need. Certification and accreditation will continue as
      solvable issues among the various organizations in toxicology.

PMID- 380125
TI  - Book bibliography on venoms.

PMID- 380126
TI  - Books on plants and/or phytotoxins.

PMID- 380127
TI  - Bibliography on SI units.

PMID- 380128
TI  - [In the footsteps of K. I. Skriabin].

PMID- 380130
TI  - [Results and prospects].

PMID- 380129
TI  - [Development of veterinary protozoology].

PMID- 380131
TI  - [Veterinary service in the land of the Soviets].

PMID- 380132
TI  - [Development of veterinary science in Russia].

PMID- 380133
TI  - [International veterinary congresses].

PMID- 380134
TI  - [Clinical and paraclinical changes in cattle with traumatic pericarditis before
      and after pericardial puncture].
AB  - A puncture of the pericardium has been performed on cows with a traumatic
      pericarditis. The clinical status has been taken and paraclinical investigations
      prior to and after the puncture have been carried out. Following a puncture of
      the pericardium, up to the 12th hour, the movements of the rumen decrease or
      entirely disappear, and are restored again later, while respiratory movements and
      the heart activity become ever more frequent. A leucocytosis occurs without a
      trend towards a return to the initial level as well as neutrophilia with a
      nuclear left-shifting to metamyelocytes. The clinical and paraclinical changes in
      cattle with a traumatic pericarditis, after a puncture of the pericardium, point
      to a deterioration in the condition and a possible exitus.

PMID- 380135
TI  - [Effect of protein in the feed on the resistance of poultry artificially infected
      with Salmonella galinarum pullorum and Salmonella typhimurium].
AB  - Studied is the effect of the low protein level in rations of birds,
      experimentally infected with Salmonella gallinarum-pullorum and Salmonella
      typhimurium. Birds of different ages of the Leghorn and Cornish breeds are
      included in the experiments. Results obtained from the experiments indicate that
      the lowered level of protein in rations to young birds at the age of five months
      makes them more resistant to salmonella infection. This dependence is markedly
      demonstrated in particular in the case of the Leghorn breed.

PMID- 380137
TI  - Bacteriophage N4-induced transcribing activities in Escherichia coli. I.
      Detection and characterization in cell extracts.

PMID- 380136
TI  - Restriction endonuclease Hin dIII cleavage site map of bacteriophage P22.

PMID- 380138
TI  - Bacteriophage N4-induced transcribing activities in Escherichia coli. II.
      Association of the N4 transcriptional apparatus with the cytoplasmic membrane.

PMID- 380139
TI  - Encapsulation of phage P22 DNA in vitro.

PMID- 380140
TI  - Purification and properties of proteins essential to DNA encapsulation by phage
      P22.

PMID- 380141
TI  - Formation of P22 generalized transducing particles in vitro.

PMID- 380142
TI  - Distribution of RNA polymerase binding sites on the P4 chromosome.

PMID- 380143
TI  - Identification of the P1 compatibility and plasmid maintenance locus by a mini
      P1/ac+-plasmid.

PMID- 380144
TI  - Early intermediates in bacteriophage lambda prohead assembly.

PMID- 380145
TI  - Restriction in vivo. III. General effects of glucosylation and restriction on
      phage T4 gene expression and replication.

PMID- 380146
TI  - Restriction in vivo. IV. Effect of restriction of parental DNA on the expression
      of restriction alleviation systems in phage T4.

PMID- 380147
TI  - Analysis of a new constitutive mutation at OL which deleteriously affects the
      bacteriophage lambda lytic cycle.

PMID- 380148
TI  - Protein analysis of defective interfering lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and
      persistently infected cells.

PMID- 380149
TI  - [The 70th anniversary of Assistant Professor Josef Sajner, C.Sc].

PMID- 380150
TI  - [The life and work of Assistant Professor Vaclav Skalak].

PMID- 380151
TI  - [Unclassified colicinogenic types of Sh. sonnei].

PMID- 380152
TI  - [Urgent problems of endocrinological oncology].

PMID- 380154
TI  - [Indications for deep suture of the bladder wound after its resection for
      cancer].
AB  - The indications to putting in interrupted sutures on the urinary bladder after
      its resection for cancer are discussed. Based on the clinical observations, it is
      concluded that there cannot be any one-way approach to this problem. The bladder
      may be sutured, if the resection wound is located in the upper segment and
      anterior wall of the median segment of the vesicle in case of the unchanged
      detrusor vesicae and urethra, with low bacterial count of the vesical urine and
      providing for transurethral drainage of the vesicle by its drip irrigation.
      Interrupted sutures on the vesicle were used in 21 patients with favourable
      issues.

PMID- 380153
TI  - [Selective mechanisms of hormonal therapy].

PMID- 380155
TI  - [T- and B-lymphocyte changes in lymphogranulomatosis].
AB  - Under study were T- and B-systems of immunity in patients with
      lymphogranulomatosis, and these were correlated with clinical findings (the
      stage, intoxication, the effect of chemotherapy). Blastransformation reaction
      (RBT) with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), direct blasttransformation with sheep
      erythrocytes, immunofluorescence were estimated. The absolute amount of
      lymphocytes in 1 ml and also T- and B-cells were counted. Already in the stage I-
      II there was noted a reduction in the amount of T-lymphocytes and RBT to PHA.
      These changes in cell immunity were aggravated in the stage III B and stage IV B
      in particular. After the chemotherapy conducted according to the MOPP programme
      in most patients the immunological background would be more unfavourable. There
      was noted a relationship between the immune indice stability during chemotherapy
      for lymphogranulomatosis and the duration of remission.

PMID- 380156
TI  - [Use of natulan in the different histological variants of lymphogranulomatosis].
AB  - The results of natulan therapy in III patients with spread lymphogranulomatosis
      are reported. An analysis of the dependence of the remission frequency and
      duration on different morphological variants of lymphogranulomatosis has shown
      that the incidence of remissions was high and practically identical in patients
      with nodular sclerosis, the lymphocytic and mixed cell type. The effect of
      natulan was found to be limited in the variant "Lymphocytic depletion".

PMID- 380157
TI  - [Radiation protection using a gaseous hypoxic mixture in oncological practice].
AB  - Studies on volunteers have shown that the gas hypoxic mixture containing 10% of
      oxygen and 90% of nitrogen (GHM-10) renders a protective action on the genetic
      apparatus of human skin cells but provides no protection of the peripheral blood
      leucocytes, which show the identical character of metabolic processes as
      neoplastic cells. Under clinically performed distant x-ray therapy for breast
      cancer the inhaling of GHM-10 was found to render the antiradiation protective
      action on different normal tissues (skin, subcellular connective tissue, muscle
      tissue, mammary gland tissue), but it fails to protect the tumor tissue and
      regional lymph nodes involved. The clinical observations were supported by
      pathomorphological examination of the operation material.

PMID- 380158
TI  - [Effect of kontrikal on kinin dynamics in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 380159
TI  - [Creative path of A. I. Nesterov].

PMID- 380161
TI  - [Bibliography of the published literature on the science of nutrition].

PMID- 380162
TI  - [Evaluation of the inhibiting action of virazole on the reproduction of the
      vaccinia virus in tissue culture].
AB  - Experimental data of the evaluation of the antiviral activity of virazole in
      tissue culture using the fluorescent antibody technique are presented.
      Administration of virazole in the maintenance medium in a concentration range of
      800--6.25 microgram/ml immediately after vaccinia virus adsorption exerts a
      marked inhibiting effect reducing virus reproduction by 3.1--1.6 1g,
      respectively. The chemotherapeutic index of the drug is 128. In a one-cycle
      experiment, virazole in the minimal effective concentration had the same
      inhibiting effect as metizason in the maximal tolerable concentration.

PMID- 380160
TI  - [Assessment of the adaptational potentials of the body of children with
      phenylketonuria to diets including berlofen in long-term diet therapy].
AB  - The state of the nitrogen balance and physical development of 14 children ill
      with phenylketonuria (PKU), aged from 5 1/2 to 8 years, kept on a long
      dietotherapy for 21/2--61/2 years and subsequent application of a broadened
      ration of alimentation, was studied. A lengthy dietotherapy is shown to bring
      about an adaptation of child's organism to restricted phenylalanine in the food,
      but a diet with berlophen is not optimal for the normal physical development of
      children suffering from PKU. In children aged over 5 a broadened diet is
      suggested.

PMID- 380163
TI  - [Antigenic relations of the rabies group viruses studied in the blast
      transformation and immunofluorescence tests].
AB  - The blast transformation test with lymphocytes of mice sensitized with commercial
      rabies vaccine, and the direct and indirect immunofluorescence tests with
      hyperimmune serum to human acute encephalomyelitis virus and rabies
      immunoglobulins demonstrated antigenic relationships of rabies, Lagos Bat,
      Mokola, human acute encephalomyelitis and rabieslike virus isolated from rodents
      in Central Europe. At the same time, the time of appearance and the degree of
      intensity of specific blast transformation reaction as well as its duration
      indicate some differences in the antigenic structure of the Lissaviruses under
      study.

PMID- 380164
TI  - [Protein metabolic change in the tissues of Aporia crataegi L. under the action
      of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus].
AB  - Changes in protein metabolism in the hemolymph, fat body, intestine, and gonads
      of Aporia crataegi L. caterpilars under the influence of nuclear polyhedrosis
      virus were studied. Electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel was used to study acid
      and basic proteins of insect tissues normally and after virus infection. The
      virus infection was shown to result in sharp changes of the protein spectrum of
      various tissues and organs, particularly 3 days after infection. The main changes
      consisted in the loss of coordination of age cellular protein synthesis and
      formation of new virus-specific proteins.

PMID- 380166
TI  - [Glorious anniversary (Antonina Konstantinovna Shubladze)].

PMID- 380165
TI  - [Life for people; on the centenary of the birth of M. A. Morozov (1879-1964)].

PMID- 380167
TI  - [Diabetic heart].

PMID- 380168
TI  - [Diagnosis of the sick sinus syndrome].

PMID- 380170
TI  - [Immunological mechanisms in thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 380173
TI  - [Janusz Korczak--the pediatrist].

PMID- 380169
TI  - [Results of the short-term (28 days) cimetidine treatment of duodenal ulcer].
AB  - The results from a short-term (28 days) treatment of patients with duodenal ulcer
      are reported. The average surface of the ulcers from 40.4 mm2 (initial average
      value) diminished to 7.3 mm2 by the 14 th day of the treatment. The graphic study
      of the kinetics of healing of the ulcer process revealed that in a treatment with
      0.8--1.0 g Simetidin, a diminution of the ulcer by half (t/2) could be expected
      by the seventh day. In 16, out of the 21 treated, the ulcer epithelized by the
      14th day of the treatment. In one patient a prolonged treatment of 42 days proved
      to be necessary to guarantee the epithelization of the ulcer. In 2/3 of treated
      patients, the pain complaints, the sensation of warmth and acidity disappeared by
      the end of the first week of the treatment. The average values of the basic and
      peak acid output (BAO and PAO), the N-acetyl neuramine acid output, the gastrin
      basic level, GOT, GPT and creatinine in serum do not change after the treatment.
      A significant reduction of hemoglobin concentration in the gastric juice is
      established after the treatment with Simetidin.

PMID- 380171
TI  - The work of WHO in 1978.

PMID- 380172
TI  - [In vivo leukocyte migration in patients with chronic bronchitis and
      precipitating antibodies to Aspergillus fumigatus antigen in the serum].

PMID- 380175
TI  - [Problems of gastric carcinoma in the works of Polish physicians at the end of
      the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries].

PMID- 380174
TI  - [Africa as the source of 3 acute hemorrhagic fevers of viral origin (1967-1976)].

PMID- 380176
TI  - [Syndrome of spontaneous respiratory disorders].

PMID- 380177
TI  - [Development of the Allergy Outpatient Clinic of the First Ear, Nose, and Throat
      Department, Vienna University (author's transl)].

PMID- 380178
TI  - [Weight reduction in obese diabetics: a double-blind study of diethylpropionate
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In a double-blind study 40 overweight maturity-onset diabetics on a weight
      reducing diet were randomly assigned to treatment with either the appetite
      suppressant diethylpropion hydrochloride (Tenuate), or placebo. After treatment
      for 8 weeks the mean weight loss achieved by each group was 4.9 and 3.3%,
      respectively. This approximately equal weight loss was too slight to exert any
      significant effect on glucose tolerance. Thus, an additional effect of this
      anorexiant in comparison with diet restriction alone, as described in obese non
      diabetic subjects, is not evident in the case of obese diabetic patients.

PMID- 380179
TI  - [Progress in the interpretation of pathogenesis of congenital cardiac
      malformations (author's transl)].

PMID- 380181
TI  - [Problems of transportation of bacteriological specimens].

PMID- 380180
TI  - [In memoriam Professor H. Bornschein].

PMID- 380182
TI  - [Therapy of cardiac insufficiency and of iatrogenic complications].

PMID- 380183
TI  - [Malaria tropica with coma in early infancy (author's transl)].
AB  - After arriving in Austria a 10 month old Nigerian infant fell sick with malaria
      tropica and survived after specific antiparasitic therapy. Early diagnosis and
      immediate begin of treatment are stressed.

PMID- 380184
TI  - Clinical comparison of two contrast agents for oral cholecystography: radiologic
      efficacy and drug safety of iopanoic acid and iopronic acid.
AB  - Oral doses of either iopronic acid (4.5 g Oravue, Squibb) or iopanoic acid (3 g
      Telepaque, Winthrop) were given to 98 patients requiring cholecystography.
      Radiographs were taken 13 to 16 hours after treatment showed good to excellent
      gallbladder opacification in 44 percent of patients after the first dose of
      iopronic acid and in an additional 29 percent after a second dose. Similar
      opacification occurred in 42 percent of patients after the first dose of iopanoic
      acid and in 34 percent after a second dose. Drug-related abnormalities in blood
      and urine tests occurred about equally in both groups and one patient in each
      group exhibited a clinically adverse reaction (diarrhea). Thus, the performance
      (radiographic efficacy and drug safety) of the new contrast agent, iopronic acid,
      was similar to a widely used drug, iopanoic acid.

PMID- 380185
TI  - Structural and functional adaptation after reduction of nephron population.
AB  - This review of adaptive changes in renal structure and function in subjects with
      reduced renal mass has two primary goals. One is to provide a description of the
      remarkable compensatory increases in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and renal
      blood flow, at the level of individual nephrons, and the alterations in water and
      electrolyte transport by tubular epithelium. These processes preserve fluid and
      electrolyte balance in subjects with progressive renal failure, until whole
      kidney GFR is reduced to about 20 percent of normal, and provide the basis for
      conservative clinical medical management. The other aim is an attempt to provide
      an understanding of the mechanisms involved in compensatory adaptation, since
      this information, in addition to amplifying our understanding of renal transport
      processes, helps to elucidate the functional limitations placed on subjects with
      renal insufficiency. An attempt has been made to analyze both clinical
      observations and relevant experimental models and an effort has been made to
      correlate renal function with different patterns of renal injury.

PMID- 380188
TI  - [Notes on the early diagnosis of juvenile chronic kidney failure].

PMID- 380189
TI  - [Contribution to diagnosis and therapy of juvenile candidiasis].

PMID- 380190
TI  - [Detection of antibodies against Aspergillus fumigatus. 1st report: making of
      antigens (author's transl)].
AB  - A method of antigen preparation from Aspergillus fumigatus has been described. We
      received the antigens from medium and mycel used for the detection of precipitins
      and IgE-antibodies. The antigenic components are demonstrated in the
      immunoelectrophoresis. By the use of absorption we did not find essential
      differences between medium antigen and mycel antigen for the detection of
      precipitins. The medium antigen recommended for diagnostic is easier to produce
      and, moreover, has advantages for the detection of specific IgE antibodies.

PMID- 380186
TI  - Animal models of human systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a human autoimmune disease of unknown
      etiology. Clinical, serologic, immunologic, and pathologic findings are highly
      variable in different patients and at different times in the same patient. Murine
      and canine animal models of SLE have been found with clinicopathologic
      abnormalities resembling those observed in humans. Each animal model has unique
      characteristics; taken together they reflect the spectrum of disease in human
      SLE.Investigations in the animals have suggested that genetic, hormonal,
      immunologic, viral, and other environmental factors contribute to and modify the
      expression of disease. Where analogous studies are available for humans, the same
      factors have been found to modify disease expression in a similar fashion.
      Together, these studies have helped to clarify the multifactorial basis for
      SLE.The best characterized abnormalities are immunologic. These include excessive
      B cell function with the formation of large amounts of autoantibodies, and T cell
      abnormalities which include defects in T cell regulatory function as well as
      certain T cell effector functions.The animal models of SLE also serve as
      convenient test subjects for newer therapeutic modalities. It is hoped that
      further study of the animal models will provide a more rational approach to
      therapeutic modulation of disease in humans with SLE.

PMID- 380187
TI  - The pig as a model for the study of obesity and of control of food intake: a
      review.
AB  - The use of the pig for studies of food intake and obesity is reviewed. Effects of
      ambient temperature and taste on food intake as well as satiety factors
      impicating both neural and hormonal mechanisms originating in the
      gastrointestinal tract are considered; the integration of information in the
      central nervous system for both internal and external sources is hypothesized.
      Special concerns of food intake controls in the neonate are discussed, including
      effects of neonate sweet preference on food intake, gastrointestinal satiety
      factors, and hypoglycemia as a stimulus for food ingestion.For obesity studies,
      pigs offer several advantages, including their general physiological similarity
      to humans, similar fat cell size, and body fat distribution. Lipogenesis,
      lipolysis, and lipid mobilization are under intensive study in swine and the
      information obtained may have important application in studies of human obesity.
      The voluminous literature on metabolic differences between genetically lean
      versus obese populations of pigs suggests possibilities for application in
      humans. Greater characterization of differences and similarities between pigs and
      humans in important metabolic parameters related to regulation of food intake and
      obesity should facilitate better understanding and control of human obesity.

PMID- 380191
TI  - [In memoriam Professor G. Rothe, May 1, 1911 - May 21, 1978].

PMID- 380192
TI  - [Infectious hospitalism yesterday--and today?].

PMID- 380193
TI  - [In memoriam professor emeritus Friedrich Muller 1912-1978].

PMID- 380194
TI  - [Value of the respiratory function test for diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 380196
TI  - [The effect of a protease inhibitor on ultrastructure maintenance of dog
      allogeneic lung transplants preserved for a long time].

PMID- 380195
TI  - Microsurgical techniques in organ physiology and transplantation studies.
AB  - Experimental models for studies of physiology and pathology of different organs
      should be technically simple and reproducible, especially when large numbers of
      animals are required. Also uniform, often genetically identical, populations of
      animals are necessary to obtain reliable data. To meet these requirements studies
      should be performed on small animals. Modern microsurgical techniques help in
      solving these problems. The basic principles of microsurgical techniques and the
      microsurgical physiological and transplantation models have been described.
      Standardizing of techniques and models will allow better comparison of data from
      different centers.

PMID- 380197
TI  - [Trichomonas urethritis  of the male. A contribution on the epidemiological
      situation of Trichomonas vaginalis today as well as on the pathogenesis of
      nongonorrheal urethritides of the male].

PMID- 380199
TI  - [Max Holzmann on his 80th birthday].

PMID- 380198
TI  - Stimulation of humoral immunity by peptidoglycan monomer from Brevibacterium
      divaricatum.
AB  - Peptidoglycan monomer (PGM), a water soluble and nontoxic disaccharide
      pentapeptide unit obtained from Brevibacterium divaricatum, was administered
      intravenously into mice, and the humoral immune response to sheep erythrocytes
      was assayed by means of Jerne's technique for plaque-forming cells (PFC) in the
      spleen. The PFC response was evidently stimulated. The counts were increased to
      practically the same extent over a great range of doses of PGM (from 25 to 1600
      microgram per animal), and the effect was present in the mice immunised with
      optimal, as well as in those immunised with suboptimal, doses of antigen. The
      magnitude of the immunostimulation depend only on the timing of PGM
      administration: it was maximal if PGM was injected 1 or 2 days after the antigen.
      In vitro, in a 4-day culture of spleen cells, PGM did not stimulate PFC
      formation. We conclude that stimulation of the humoral immune response to sheep
      red blood cell antigens by PGM probably occurs without cell multiplication and
      probably involves more than simply a contact of immunocompetent cells with PGM.

PMID- 380200
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Franz Loogen].

PMID- 380201
TI  - [The 80th anniversary of professor Max R. Francillon].

PMID- 380202
TI  - [Operation of hammer toes and claw toes, and treatment of unfavourable results
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Hohmann's operation of hammer toes and claw toes will produce a poor result if
      there is a contracture due to hyperextension in the metatarsophalangeal joint. In
      such cases, preference should be given to the operation according to Taylor
      (resection arthrodesis of the first or, in rarer cases, of the second
      interphalangeal joint, dorsal incision of the capsule of the metatarsophalangeal
      joint, if necessary elongation of the extensor tendon, intramedually fixation by
      Kirschner wire). In case the operated toe points rigidly to dorsal or hangs
      limply as a result of Hohmann's operation, a cosmetically and functionally
      entirely satisfactory result can be achieved by means of operative mobilisation
      of this preoperated toe and by producing a cutaneously syndactylia with the next,
      smaller toe. - If a hammer toe is dislocated in the metatarsophalangeal joint,
      removing the base according to Gocht should be combined with an operative
      syndactylia to guide and hold the toe accurately in line with the other toes.

PMID- 380203
TI  - [Experimental application of calcium phosphate granulate for the substitution of
      conventional bone transplants (author's transl)].
AB  - Autologous spongiosa, a calcium phosphate ceramic and Kiel bone chips were
      implanted in the tibiae of dogs and compared with respect to tissue compatibility
      and osteogenetic effect. After the ceramic implants and the autologous spongiosa
      had been left in the tibial fat marrow for six weeks, bone tissue and bone marrow
      had formed to the same extent around both materials. Their stimulating effect on
      osteogenesis was comparable. In contrast to the ceramic material, together with
      which they had been implanted in active bone marrow, the Kiel bone chips were
      surrounded by fibrous tissue in addition to bone tissue. All of the three types
      of implant proved to be tissue compatible. On the whole, the calcium phosphate
      ceramic was found to be equal to autologous and superior to heterologous
      spongiosa from a biological point of view. In technical terms the ceramic implant
      was superior also to the autologous graft.

PMID- 380204
TI  - [The testing of a hyperemizing partial bath].

PMID- 380205
TI  - William Macewen: master of surgery.

PMID- 380206
TI  - Remediable causes of dementia.
AB  - Studies show that many clinicans "write off" elderly patients as demented, when
      in fact many of these patients are not suffering from chronic organic brain
      syndrome but have medical disorders that may respond positively to appropriate
      treatment. The key to differentiation is comprehensive diagnostic evaluation.

PMID- 380207
TI  - Arthur Lee: Virginia physician, revolutionary patriot.

PMID- 380208
TI  - July 4, 1779--July 4, 1979.

PMID- 380209
TI  - New facility will enlarge cancer center's role.

PMID- 380210
TI  - Robert Finley Gayle III 1922-1979.

PMID- 380211
TI  - Williams E. Pembleton 1909-1979.

PMID- 380212
TI  - [Swedish Nurses' Association's historical collection: witness to harsh
      conditions. Nursing departments].

PMID- 380213
TI  - [Clinical epidemiological characteristics of candidiasis in newborn infants].

PMID- 380214
TI  - [Khelepin treatment of viral skin diseases].

PMID- 380215
TI  - [Methotrexate in the overall therapy of psoriasis].

PMID- 380216
TI  - [Method of preparing an antigen from the causative agent of cutaneous
      leishmaniasis].

PMID- 380217
TI  - [Significance of Lange's colloidal reaction in the cerebrospinal fluid in
      patients with early syphilis].

PMID- 380219
TI  - Problems in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections.

PMID- 380220
TI  - Thymol turbidity and thymol flocculation tests in Nigerian control subjects.

PMID- 380218
TI  - Nutritional studies of the south eastern state peasant diet: studies of the
      effect of malarial infection (Plasmodium berghei) on electrolyte changes in rats
      fed the peasants' diet.
AB  - 1. Plasmodium Berghei (malaria infection) is not specifically related to the
      nutritional status of the host though nutritional status may aid the advance or
      elimination of the parasite. 2. The effect of the infection is more severe in low
      protein diets than in diets whose protein content was adequate. 3. There was no
      evidence of excessive urinary excretion of electrolytes in the infected rats. 4.
      It is suggested that low plasma levels of electrolytes in the infected rats were
      due to skin losses and these losses were independent of the protein content of
      the diet thus severity of malarial infection is unaffected by protein nutrition.

PMID- 380221
TI  - Immunofluorescent studies on infertile males with oligospermia in the United
      Republic of Cameroon.

PMID- 380222
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Ibadan, Nigeria.

PMID- 380223
TI  - [Theater nurse and midwife in Cameroon. Impressions and experiences in the
      grasslands (Northwest Cameroon) during a six-and-a-half month stay in a hospital
      situated at a height of 1800 m].
AB  - The author describes the circumstances of the hospital and out-of-hospital
      situation in the region she worked in, in focussing on the relevant practical
      features of the daily life of patients and staff. She deals among other things
      with the maternity ward (including the separate "camp" devoted to prenatal stays)
      and the operating theatre. As regards health activities outside the hospital, she
      mentions those of the existing health centres and of auxiliary personnel called
      first-aiders (whose job description is close to the one of the village health
      workers advocated by WHO and others). A health team, usually led by a physician,
      makes periodic visits to bush villages. The importance of the contacts thus
      created, for health work itself (including collaboration with traditional health
      practitioners) as well as for community development, is underlined.

PMID- 380224
TI  - [Brief bibliography on primary health care and health promotion through education
      and participation].

PMID- 380225
TI  - [Faculty planning as a cause for prosthetic failure].

PMID- 380226
TI  - [Maximilian Nitze--100 years of cystoscopy].

PMID- 380227
TI  - [Initial experience with ethinyl estradiol sulfonate (J 96) in the therapy of
      prostate carcinoma].
AB  - Ethinylestradiol sulphate (J 96) is a depot estrogen which in a dosage of 2 mg
      per week has clearly antigonadotropic effects and evokes a suppression of the
      free testosterone in bilaterally orchiectomized patients with carcinoma of the
      prostate. The good compatibility in oral application and the possibility for the
      controlled intake recommend its use for the long-term therapy of the carcinoma of
      the prostate.

PMID- 380228
TI  - [The Kulzer story].

PMID- 380229
TI  - [History of the development of medical first aid].

PMID- 380231
TI  - [L. Kh. Popov, founder of the Russian Red Cross Society].

PMID- 380230
TI  - [Health protection for children in the USSR].

PMID- 380232
TI  - [Pavel Efimovich Zabludovskii (on his 85th birthday)].

PMID- 380233
TI  - [Development of public health in Tomsk Province].

PMID- 380234
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. Theodor Billroth on the occasion of his 150th birthday;
      26 April 1979].

PMID- 380236
TI  - [Isolation of bacterial L forms from the joint fluid in rheumatoid arthritis in
      children].
AB  - In the bacteriological study of intra-articular fluid in 22 children with
      rheumatoid arthritis the L-forms were isolated in 11. Of these, 7 had not been
      treated with preparations of the penicillin series. The complete isolation of the
      focus of inflammation from the environment and the presence of the L-forms of
      bacteria in the children who had not been treated with preparations of the
      penicillin series gave us grounds for conclusions on the etiological and
      pathological significance of the L-forms of streptococci in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 380235
TI  - [In memoriam Leonid Semionovich Persianinov, Aug. 18, 1908 - Dec. 27, 1978].

PMID- 380237
TI  - [In memoriam Mark Iosifovich Khazanov].

PMID- 380238
TI  - [Results of a study of the reactogenicity and epidemiological effectiveness of a
      2d revaccination against whooping cough].
AB  - The reactogenicity and epidemiological effectiveness of the second revaccination
      against pertussis were studied in conformity with all the conditions of a
      controlled epidemiological trial. The character of the distribution of local and
      fever reactions in children aged 6 years after the second revaccination with
      adsorbed DTP vaccine suggests the presence of high sensitivity to the pertussis
      component of absorbed DTP vaccine in children of this age group. The results
      obtained from the study of epidemiological effectiveness (in 15,621 children)
      indicated that the second revaccination of children aged 6 years (at an interval
      of 3 or more years after the first revaccination) was not advisable as it did not
      influence noticeably the pertussis incidence.

PMID- 380239
TI  - [Sh. flexneri population heterogeneity according to the cellular fatty acid
      makeup].
AB  - The composition of fatty acids in the cells of 100 clones of Sh. flexneri, strain
      9054, isolated from a dysentery patient was studied by the method of gas
      chromatography. Fatty acid composition in 75 clones was similar to the fatty acid
      composition of the initial culture: 25 clones differed to a variable degree from
      the prevailing group of clones in the content of unsaturated and cyclopropane
      fatty acids and, to a considerably lesser extent, in the content of palmitic acid
      and a number of other saturated fatty acids. After the change of the culture
      medium (agar and broth) the differences in the fatty acid composition of the
      clones could still be observed. The data obtained in this study indicate the
      heterogeneity of Shigella population in the composition of cellular fatty acids.

PMID- 380240
TI  - [Antigenic activity and the reactogenicity of UV ray-inactivated antirabies
      vaccine from the brain of sheep].
AB  - Tests in volunteers showed that the reactogenicity of rabies vaccine prepared
      from sheep brain and inactivated with ultraviolet rays was not greater than the
      reactogenicity of Fermi vaccine. At the same time it was found to have a higher
      activity when injected both in the form of 5% suspension (in full and decreased
      doses) and with brain tissue content as low as 2.5%.

PMID- 380241
TI  - [Data to substantiate the early immunological diagnosis of dysentery].
AB  - The interaction of the whole blood from patients with dysentery and
      gastrointestinal diseases of non-dysenteric etiology, with the causative agents
      of dysentery, Sh. sonnei and Sh. flexneri, and saprophytic, staphylococci labeled
      with  radioactive isotopes was studied in vitro. In dysentery an increase in the
      capacity of the blood for Shigella fixation was observed from the beginning of
      the disease. During the 1st week of the disease this reaction was strictly
      specific and accompanied by a decrease in the fixation of staphylococci, but
      later the reaction became relatively specific. An increase in Shigella fixation
      occurred considerably earlier than immune antibody formation, as revealed by the
      indirect hemagglutination test. This research substantiates the possibility of an
      earlier immunological diagnosis of dysentery as compared with the serological
      methods.

PMID- 380242
TI  - [Leptospira distribution in the soil of a natural focus of the infection (an
      attempt at the radioisotopic labelling of infected voles)].
AB  - The mass radioisotope (32P) labelling of all tundra voles excreting Zeptospira,
      infected urine was carried out over the area of 1 ha, and the results of the
      experiment analyzed by the method of planar coherent graphs, showed the irregular
      (spotted) distribution of "infected spots", i. e. soil patches contaminated by
      Zeptospira. The borders of individual small foci of infection did not coincide
      with the outlines of soil and vegetational divisions of the area. The spatial
      structure of the "extraorganismic" part of the Zeptospira population was
      originally formed by the carriers and thus determined by their mobility, their
      manner of using the territory. Later this structure was changed by selective
      elimination under the influence of living conditions for Zeptospira in the soil.
      The "infected spots", subjected to such selection, seem to be capable of
      constantly sustaining Zeptospira; the presence of these organisms is also due to
      the fact that they are regularly added into the soil with urine excreted by the
      carriers visiting the same spots of their territory.

PMID- 380243
TI  - [Nocardia asteroides (Eppinger) Blanchard in the soils of the Ukrainian SSR].
AB  - The distribution of Nocardia asteroides (Eppinger) Blanchard, the main causative
      agent of nocardiosis in humans and animals, in the soils of the Ukrainian SSR was
      studied. This species was found to inhabit cultivated soils in various soil
      climatic zones of the Ukrainian SSR. The isolated strains proved to be
      heterogeneous in their properties. N. asteroides fell into 2 groups: acetamidase
      negative (A) and acetamidase-positive (B). Newly isolated N. asteroides belonging
      to the acetamidase-positive group were shown to be always pathogenic, whereas the
      organisms of the acetamidase-negative group could be pathogenic and non
      pathogenic in white mice.

PMID- 380244
TI  - [Bioelectical activity of the brain in parkinsonism before and after stereotaxic
      operations].
AB  - The bioelectrical activity of the brain was studied in 85 patients. The
      bioelectrical potentials were recorded directly from the cortex of the cerebral
      himispheres and the subcortical structures of the brain. Clinical and
      electroencephalographic comparisons were made. Functional reorganization of
      bioelectrical potentials after stereotaxic operations is shown.

PMID- 380245
TI  - [25th anniversary of the Hungarian National Institute of Neurosurgery].

PMID- 380246
TI  - [Nikolai Alekseevich Zvonkov (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 380248
TI  - [Genital discharge during a prebacterial stage. Comments on a gynecological
      consultation in 1816].

PMID- 380247
TI  - Chemotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer.

PMID- 380249
TI  - Naproxen and naproxen sodium in dysmenorrhea: development from in vitro
      inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis to suppression of uterine contractions in
      women and demonstration of clinical efficacy.

PMID- 380250
TI  - Pathophysiology of dysmenorrhea.
AB  - Mechanisms of possible pathophysiological importance in primary dysmenorrhea are
      discussed. Hyperactivity of the myometrium with accompanying uterine ischemia is
      considered to be of central importance in the causation of pain. Prostaglandins
      seem to be involved to a large extent in the development of the myometrial
      hyperactivity. Other mechanisms of possible importance such as ovarian hormones,
      cervical factors, vasopressin, nerves, and psychological factors can well act
      ultimately through prostaglandin release but an action directly on the myometrium
      and blood flow may also occur.

PMID- 380251
TI  - The effect of inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis in primary dysmenorrhea
      studied with hysterometry.
AB  - The technique called hysterometry has been used for the quantitative evaluation
      of effect of naproxen sodium and naproxen on myometrial tension in vivo during
      dysmenorrhea. It was observed that "uterine tonicity" - the datum arrived at
      after hysterometric recording - decreased significantly during naproxen
      medication in comparison with placebo treatment. Decrease in uterine tonicity was
      well correlated with relief of pain.

PMID- 380252
TI  - Prostaglandins and dysmenorrhea. Historical survey.
AB  - This survey traces the development of the main ideas and experimental findings on
      the function of endometrial prostaglandins in stimulating the expulsive
      contractions of the myometrium during normal menstruation, and the effect of
      excessive action of this nature in producing dysmenorrhea. Some observations are
      also given on the 'menotoxin', an unidentified substance which is toxic to
      certain plants and which may or may not prove relevant to gynecology. Areas where
      further fundamental work is needed are suggested. The survey is not a complete
      review of the topic, which would need a much longer paper.

PMID- 380253
TI  - Effect of acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol and placebo on pain and blood loss in
      dysmenorrheic women.
AB  - The analgesic effect of paracetamol, acetyl-salicylic acid, and placebo on
      dysmenorrhea were compared in a double-blind cross-over study of 30 women. There
      was a moderate placebo effect, but no significant difference was found between
      the three treatments. Blood loss was also measured and it did not vary, with the
      type of drug ingested. It is concluded that paracetamol and acetylsalicylic acid
      in the doses used (0.5 g x 4 for 3 days) were not effective against heavy
      dysmenorrhea, and that none of the drugs influenced the amount of blood lost.

PMID- 380255
TI  - Suppression of menstrual prostaglandins and relief of dysmenorrhea with
      ibuprofen.

PMID- 380254
TI  - Naproxen and indomethacin in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.
AB  - The efficacy of naproxen and indomethacin in the treatment of dysmenorrhea was
      compared in a double-blind, cross-over study. Both drugs were given to 24 female
      undergraduates with severe primary dysmenorrhea in four consecutive cycles in a
      randomized schedule. Both drugs were equally effective. Good or moderate overall
      relief was achieved in 73% of 48 cycles treated with indomethacin and in 61% of
      the 48 cycles treated with naproxen. The difference was not statistically
      significant. Gastrointestinal side-effects occurred in 5 and 7 patients during
      naproxen and indomethacin treatment respectively. Central nervous system side
      effects, dizziness, headache, tiredness, were more common with indomethacin than
      with naproxen (p less than 0.02). The most important and frequent of these side
      effects, dizziness, was complained of by six patients in association with
      indomethacin but by none with naproxen (p less than 0.05). Only one patient
      discontinued the treatment because of side-effects.

PMID- 380256
TI  - Clinical experience of naproxen in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.
AB  - The effect of naproxen, Naprosyn, Syntex, in treatment of primary dysmenorrhea
      was studied in a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled multicenter study.
      Nintyseven women, aged between 18--40 years, with severe dysmenorrhea, were
      treated with either naproxen, 48 women, or placebo, 49 women, for two consecutive
      menstrual cycles. No oral contraceptive was used. The patients were allowed to
      take supplementary analgesics 4--6 hours after the study drug was taken if
      adequate relief was not achieved. The recommended dose of naproxen was 1--2
      tablets, 250 mg, as needed, with a maximum of 5 tablets daily. Medication was
      started at first sign of menstrual distress. Improvement was achieved in 70 per
      cent of the women in the naproxen group (good to excellent relief) but only in 30
      per cent in the placebo group. This difference is statistically significant (p
      less than 0.001). There was much more supplementary medication used in the
      placebo group compared to the naproxen treated patients (p less than 0.001).
      Fewer patients had to stay in bed, or stay at home from work or school, in the
      naproxen group compared to the placebo group. Few side-effects were reported and
      most of them belonged to the dysmenorrhea symptomatology. No side-effects could
      be rement according to the patients' own judgement.

PMID- 380257
TI  - Electromagnetic stimulation of fracture repair. Influence on healing of fresh
      fractures.

PMID- 380258
TI  - Repair of non-unions by pulsing electromagnetic fields.

PMID- 380259
TI  - Attempt at enzyme replacement in Gaucher disease by renal transplantation.
AB  - In Gaucher disease there is a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme, cerebroside
      beta-glucosidase, as a result of which cerebroside (glucosylcereamide)
      accumulates in various organs. In northern Sweden 22 patients with a juvenile
      form of this disease have been identified. In one such patient, a girl of 10
      years, we have attempted enzyme replacement by renal transplantation. After this
      operation the hepatic glucocerebroside content fell significantly. In another
      child afflicted with Gaucher disease in whom splenectomy was performed for severe
      splenomegaly and hypersplenism there was a progressive increase in the level of
      this lipid. These findings suggest that enzyme replacement was achieved by
      transplantation of a normal organ.

PMID- 380260
TI  - The distribution and localization of immunoglobulin in the gastric mucosa and
      gastric cancer.
AB  - The distribution and localization of immunoglobulin in the gastric mucosa and
      gastric cancer were studied by means of immunofluorescence. In the lamina propria
      of the stomach, like the other parts of the gastrointestinal tract, IgA producing
      cells predominated, but their population density varied from case to case. The
      main portion of secretion of IgA in the stomach was deep foveolar epithelium. IgA
      containing epithelial cells in the stomach were much less than those in the
      intestine, but they increased with advancement of intestinal metaplasia. Some
      gastric cancer cells retained the ability of secretory component production and
      took up IgA in their cytoplasm.

PMID- 380261
TI  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia with reticulum-cell-sarcoma-like cell proliferation-
      significance of eosinophilic granules in sarcomatous cells.
AB  - A case of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) associated with proliferation of
      atypical cells resembling those of reticulum cell sarcoma (RCS-like cells) is
      presented. A number of immature eosinophils were present mingled with ordinary
      leukemic cells, which infiltrated in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, liver,
      lungs and testes. RCS-like cells either formed solitary nodular foci or randomly
      mingled with infiltrating leukemic cells. Charcot-Leyden crystals were seen in
      some areas where RCS-like cells proliferated. As a peculiar feature the presence
      of eosinophilic granules in some of the RCS-like cells was noted. They were
      proved to be immature form of specific granules of eosinophils by their staining
      properties and ultrastructural aspects. Based on these findings the myelogenous
      origin of RCS-like cells is suggested. The patient died of cerebral complication
      of aspergillosis.

PMID- 380262
TI  - Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the gastrointestinal tract in a renal transplant
      recipient.
AB  - A case of gastrointestional plasmacytoma found in a renal transplant recipient is
      described. Immunohistochemical study using immunoglobulin-enzyme bridge technique
      demonstrated IgA and k-type light chains in the majority of plasma cells
      infiltrated in the stomach. Pathological investigation revealed multiple similar
      tumors in the ileum, cecum and ascending colon suggesting a plasmacytoma of
      multicentric gastrointestinal origin. The pathogenesis of plasma cell tumors is
      briefly discussed with regard to organ transplantation.

PMID- 380263
TI  - Polypoid cystitis: a catheter associated lesion of the human bladder.
AB  - Histopathological examination of the urinary bladders of 63 patients dying in a
      geriatric clinic was performed. In 40 of 51 patients who had been treated with a
      urinary catheter, histological changes of polypoid cystitis were found. In 34 of
      the bladders the lesion engaged the posterior wall which corresponds to the
      localization of the tip of the catheter. The frequency of polypoid cystitis
      increased with increasing time of catheter treatment and reached its peak by
      three months. After that time the frequency was relatively constant. The
      frequency of polypoid cystitis seemed not to be influenced by bacterial urinary
      tract infection. Urothelial atypia was not seen after the catheter treatment.

PMID- 380264
TI  - The value of automatic analysis for quantitative electromyography.
AB  - The value of automatic analysis for quantitative electromyography. Acta Physiol.
      Pol., 1979, 30 (2): 231--239. The authors describe the automatic analysis of EMG
      records by means of minicomputer ANOPS-101. Computer works on-line during EMG
      examination, being directly connected to the output of electromyograph. During
      slight voluntary muscle contraction 3 histograms could be obtained--namely:
      distribution of MUAP duration, number of their phases and their amplitudes.
      During maximum voluntary contraction two more histograms could be obtained-
      namely: distribution of amplitudes of spikes and distribution of intervals
      between spikes. These five histograms are displayed on the screen and the mean
      values are automatically calculated. As a result all quantitative EMG data are
      obtained which are sufficiently accurate for differentiation between pathological
      and normal recordings and which help to distinguish the myogenic atrophy from
      neurogenic one.

PMID- 380267
TI  - [Causes of the low reliability of psychiatric diagnosis. A critical review].

PMID- 380265
TI  - Effects of atropine and toxogonine on metabolism of the isolated rat liver
      changed by diisopropylofluorophosphate (DEP).
AB  - Effects of atropine and toxogonine on metabolism of the isolated rat liver
      changed by diisopropylofluorophosphate (DFP). Acta Physiol., 1979, 30 (2): 289-
      294. In the investigations on isolated rat liver it was found that DFP in a dose
      corresponding to 1/2 of the LD50 inhibited the activity of AChE, caused
      hypoglycaemia, decreased the level or pyruvate and increased that of lactate and
      hepatic glycogen, and increased the activity of transaminases. Atropine and
      toxogonine administered separately in a concentration of 0.5 mg/100 ml reduced
      the pyruvate level without changing the other parameters. Administered together
      with DFP they reactivated the activity of AChE, abolished hypoglycaemia and
      antagonized in part the effect of DFP on lactate level and transaminase activity.

PMID- 380268
TI  - Therapeutic effects of clozapine. A 4-year follow-up of a controlled clinical
      trial.
AB  - The double-blind method was used to compare the therapeutic effects of clozapine
      and chlorpromazine in a sequential cohort of 50 schizophrenic patients with
      similar demographic characteristics, randomly allocated to two groups
      ("experimental" and "control") of 25 patients each. At the end of the 6-week
      trial period, statistically significant differences were found between the two
      groups in both the symptom check-list score and the overall clinical evaluation.
      Follow-up evaluations conducted at 3- and 4-year intervals show that the
      differences between the two groups are presistent, which points in the direction
      of a better and more sustained therapeutic effect of clozapine over
      chlorpormazine. No discernible ill effects which could be attributed to either
      drug were detected throughout the 4-year period.

PMID- 380266
TI  - Prostacyclin-dependent coronary vasodilation in rabbit and guinea pig hearts.
AB  - Isolated hearts from rabbits or guinea pigs were perfused according to
      Langendorff and the coronary flow was recorded continuously. In addition, the
      rabbit heart transmyocardial effluent's content of platelet anti-aggregatory
      (prostacyclin-like, PCLA) activity was assayed biologically at regular intervals.
      Perfusion was performed with a solution gassed with 95% O2 in CO2, switching at
      intervals to a solution gassed with 12% O2 and 5% CO2 in N2. Perfusion with a
      hypoxic solution elicited reproducible increased in coronary flow. After
      pretreatment with indomethacin (5 x 10-5M), this increase was completely
      abolished and in several cases it was reversed to a marked reduction in cornonary
      flow. The transmyocardial effluent contained, during perfusion with normoxic
      solution, no detectable or only negligible amounts of PCLA. During hypoxia the
      efflux of PCAL into the transmyocardial effluent increased markedly. This
      increase was completely abolished when indomethacin (5 x 10-5M) was added to the
      solution perfusing the heart. The results strongly suggest that increased
      coronary vascular formation of prostacyclin plays a key role in the coronary
      vasodilation induced by hypoxia in rabbit and guinea pig hearts.

PMID- 380270
TI  - Histologic and cytologic liver changes induced by cytostatic drugs in 32 patients
      with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

PMID- 380269
TI  - Amoxapine versus amitriptyline in endogenous depression. A double-blind study.
AB  - A new antidepressant, amoxapine, which is a dibenzoxazepine deprivative, was
      compared with amitriptyline in a randomised double-blind trial. Forty-eight
      patients were included and 41 completed a 4-week treatment. Most of the patients
      were maintained on 150 mg daily. Assessments were made by the Hamilton
      Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Nurses' Observation Scale for
      Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale and
      Patient's Self-Evaluation. The total HAM-D score was considerably reduced in the
      majority of the patients. Amitriptyline was the most effective with regard to
      symptoms included in the factor Sleep Disturbances and-secondary maybe-towards
      some items included in the factor Somatization. For the remaining items,including
      the items of the factors Anxiety/Depression and Apathy, the last score was lower
      in the amoxapine group than in those treated with amitriptyline. Among the
      unipolar cases the amoxapine treated patients were more satisfied with regard to
      efficacy (P = 6.3%). The frequency of side effects such as tremor and dizziness
      was considerably lower in the amoxapine group. In total, the side effects lasted
      longer in the amitriptyline group. We conclude that amoxapine seems to be an
      effective antidepressant with a low frequency of side effects.

PMID- 380271
TI  - Paraffin embedded antigens for detection of organ specific antibodies.

PMID- 380272
TI  - Obituary: Frank Schepelmann.

PMID- 380273
TI  - [A new treatment for vitiligo: topical Kandil therapy combined with oral
      P.A.B.A].

PMID- 380274
TI  - John Archer Mills (1919--1977).

PMID- 380275
TI  - Nutritive sweeteners made from starch.

PMID- 380276
TI  - Exocellular, microbial polysaccharides.

PMID- 380277
TI  - Joseph Vincent Karabinos (1920--1977).

PMID- 380278
TI  - The differential ability of porcine follicular fluid to suppress serum FSH in
      female rats from 6 days of age to adulthood.

PMID- 380280
TI  - Isolation and preliminary characterization of inhibin-f.

PMID- 380279
TI  - Modulation of pituitary responsiveness to LHRH by porcine follicular fluid: time
      and dose- dependent effects.

PMID- 380281
TI  - Evidence that the pituitary gland is the site of inhibitory action of porcine
      follicular fluid upon FSH secretion in the rat.
AB  - This study has examined the effects of porcine follicular fluid (PFF) on the
      adenohypophyseal secretion of LH and FSH following LHRH treatment. The animal
      model selected for study the the proestrous rat in which preovulatory LH and FSH
      surges were blocked with phenobarbital. To elicit the release of gonadotropins
      from this preparation, two different i.v. LHRH infusion protocols were used. The
      first elicited a proestrous-like LH and FSH surge while the second infusion
      schedule evoked the predominant release of FSH with only minor changes in LH. PFF
      suppressed LHRH-induced FSH secretion in both preparations but had only
      negligible effects on LH secretion. Interestingly, the suppressive effects of PFF
      were variable and depended upon the mode in which LHRH was presented.

PMID- 380282
TI  - Hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian interactions during reproductive senescence in the
      rat.
AB  - The neuroendocrine status of Long-Evans female rats was evaluated at several key
      stages of reproductive senescence. Young (4-8 mo), middle-aged (10-14 mo) and old
      (24-30 mo) animals were studied according to reproductive state. The reproductive
      states studied were (1) regularly cycling, (2) constant estrus and (3)
      pseudopregnant, as determined by vaginal smear cytology. Neuroendocrine
      parameters at the levels of the hypothalamus, pituitary and steroid-producing
      organs were compared between each group. DA3, E and NE concentrations in the
      median eminence of the hypothalamus were determined by a highly sensitive
      radioenzymatic assay. LRF content in the median eminence was measured by
      radioimmunoassay. Circulating levels of LH, FSH, PRL and six steroids were
      determined. Changes in hormone and neurotransmitter concentrations were
      deomonstrated in association with the various stages of reproductive senescence
      and with age advancement. These changes involved the hypothalamic, pitiutary and
      steroid systems. NE content in the median eminence, FSH in serum and circulating
      androstenedione were all significantly increased in middle-aged, cyclic rats
      prior to the onset of senescent anovulation. DA concentration in 24 mo. old
      constant estrous rats (30.7 +/- 7.7 pg/microgram, N = 6) and in 30 mo. old
      pseudopregnant rats (27.5 +/- 7.1 pg/microgram, N = 6) was significantly reduced
      compared to young (6 mo. old), cyclic controls on proestrous (55.0 +/- 4.7
      pg/microgram, N = 12). This DA reduction was associated with a 3-fold increase in
      circulating prolactin. The results are discussed in terms of  a regulatory
      cascade model of female reproductive senescence (Finch, 1976).

PMID- 380283
TI  - Age-related changes in brain catecholamines: a synopsis of findings in C57BL/6J
      mice and other rodent models.

PMID- 380284
TI  - Heterogeneity of polypeptide hormones during aging.

PMID- 380285
TI  - Separation of earthworm coelomocytes by velocity sedimentation.

PMID- 380287
TI  - On the 20th anniversary of a scientific discovery.

PMID- 380286
TI  - Development of an isotope dilution assay to determine the T-cell mass in guinea
      pigs.

PMID- 380288
TI  - Modulation of the immune response by pretreatment of antigen with complement.

PMID- 380289
TI  - Plating inhibition assay (PIA): a new test for cell mediated cytotoxicity.

PMID- 380290
TI  - Permanent abolition of reactivity to major histocompatibility antigens requires
      elimination of prethymic precursors.

PMID- 380292
TI  - Stimulation of natural antibodies by self antigens.

PMID- 380293
TI  - The effect of adjuvant induced suppressor cells on in vitro and in vivo
      lymphocyte responses.

PMID- 380295
TI  - Mast cells in local antibody formation and allograft rejection.

PMID- 380294
TI  - Middle ear transplantation: a new concept in clinical otology.

PMID- 380298
TI  - Chemical characterization of radiolabeled lymphocyte activation products of
      guinea pig associated with macrophage migration inhibitory activity (MIF).

PMID- 380296
TI  - Modulation of phagocytosis induced prostaglandin release from macrophages.

PMID- 380300
TI  - Generation of an eosinophilotactic factor from human PMNS by various mechanisms
      of cell activation.

PMID- 380302
TI  - Multidisciplinary study of non-Hodgkin lymphomas: electron microscopy, immune-
      and enzyme-histochemistry.

PMID- 380303
TI  - Adult T cell leukemia. Histological features of the lymphoid tissues.

PMID- 380305
TI  - Immunopathology of M. lepremurium (MLM) infection in B6 C3AN and (C3HxB6) F1
      mice.

PMID- 380299
TI  - Different cellular site for the production of murine macrophage migration
      inhibitory factor and immune interferon (Type II).

PMID- 380306
TI  - Tumor immunology and immunotherapy.

PMID- 380301
TI  - Introduction--functional and morphological aspects of malignant lymphomas.

PMID- 380307
TI  - The production and role of cytotoxic T cells in influenza virus infection in
      mice: do the same rules apply in the response to any foreign antigen?

PMID- 380309
TI  - Surface extension and the cell cycle in prokaryotes.

PMID- 380304
TI  - Relevance of polyclonal antibody formation to the development of autoimmunity :
      the model of African trypanosomiasis.
AB  - There is an induction of anti-DNA antibodies in mice following the administration
      of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, Dextran sulfate and PPD, which is closely
      associated with the property of these substances to trigger a polyclonal B cell
      activation. In the experiments model of African trypanosomiasis there is also an
      intense polyclonal antibody synthesis paralleled by the formation of several
      autoantibodies: anti-DNA, anti-bromelain treated mouse red blood cells and
      antithymocyte antibodies.

PMID- 380310
TI  - Physiology and biochemistry of bacterial phospholipid metabolism.

PMID- 380313
TI  - Prostaglandins: birth of a new therapeutic era.

PMID- 380314
TI  - Three generations of pharmacists.

PMID- 380308
TI  - Immunopathological alterations of lymphatic tissues in mice infected with
      lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.

PMID- 380312
TI  - A combined clinical and immunological assessment of four cyclophosphamide regimes
      in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Four dosage regimes of cyclophosphamide have been compared in patients with late
      rheumatoid arthritis, in an attempt to separate toxicity from efficacy. Joint
      inflammation was assessed clinically and objectively by quantitative
      thermography. Delayed hypersensitivity in vitro was assessed using leucocyte
      migration inhibition (L.M.T.) to a standard antigen, Streptokinase. There was no
      significant difference in clinical response or side-effects between a continuous
      oral regime (1 mg/kg/day) and the same total dose given as an intermittent oral
      regime. Responders and non-responders were seen in both groups and there was a
      significant relationship between clinical response and fall in platelet count,
      suggesting a variable threshold. The same total dose given as an intermittent
      intravenous regime caused considerable side-effects but these could be avoided by
      the addition of methylprednisolone. Both intravenous regimes induced a much more
      rapid fall in the Thermographic Index (T.I.) than the oral regimes. Indeed many
      patients receiving oral cyclophosphamide showed an increase in joint inflammation
      in the first three weeks of treatment. Immunological studies demonstrated a
      corresponding increase in reactivity to Streptokinase over this period. There was
      a highly significant correlation between changes in L.M.T. and T.I. both early in
      treatment and, in the oral groups, over a period of six months.

PMID- 380311
TI  - Biochemistry of dimorphism in the fungus Mucor.

PMID- 380297
TI  - Studies of MIF and the role of macrophage associated esterases in the response of
      the macrophage to MIF.

PMID- 380315
TI  - The ancient art of Japanese pharmacy.

PMID- 380321
TI  - Acute suppurative thyroiditis.

PMID- 380319
TI  - Home screening for the detection of urinary tract infection in infancy.
AB  - One hundred sixty-five infants of both sexes, 2 weeks to 2 years of age, were
      screened by their parents at home for bacteriuria. Parents were instructed during
      a single brief period during the initial office visit to collect and to culture
      their infants' urine at home. Urine was collected by specimen bag and cultured
      promptly at cribside using a newly developed culture kit and inoculating swab.
      The same specimen was cultured by the office laboratory staff by kit and swab
      and, as a reference standard, by the loop-MacConkey method. Infants were screened
      at home after three consecutive office visits. Then, 870 specimens were
      processed. Urinary tract infection (UTI) was diagnosed in 3.6% of the study
      population. Results show that home screening of infants for UTI by the parent
      compares favorably with screening by the office laboratory.

PMID- 380320
TI  - Endophthalmitis associated with group-B streptococcal meningitis in an infant.

PMID- 380291
TI  - The control of autoreactive lymphocytes by a receptor blockade mechanism.

PMID- 380318
TI  - Clinical experience with the soybean protein diet in the treatment of
      hypercholesterolemia.
AB  - The efficacy of the total substitution of animal proteins with a textured soybean
      protein in hypercholesterolemic individuals was assayed in 42 in-patients and 18
      out-patients. The in-patients studied followed one of three different crossover
      protocols: in protocol A, the soybean diet was compared with a standard low lipid
      diet; protocol B compared two soybean diets, one with added cholesterol, one
      without; and protocol C compared a soybean diet containing a high P/S fatty acid
      ratio to one with a low P/S ratio. In all three protocols, the soybean regimen
      provided valid and reproducible hypocholesterolemic effects that were not
      modified by the addition of cholesterol. P/S variations appeared, however, to
      modify the final effect: soybean definitely had a decreased effectiveness with a
      low P/S (0.1) regimen. The overall plasma cholesterol changes in the 42 in
      patients after 3 weeks on the different soybean diet protocols was -20%. Patients
      with type IIA and IIB hypercholesterolemia provided almost equivalent results,
      whereas patients with mixed phenotypes (IIB-III) appeared somewhat more sensitive
      to the dietary effect. Cholesterol decreased mostly in the low density
      lipoprotein fraction, but some very low density lipoprotein changes were also
      noted upon variation of the P/S ratio. The out-patients studied provided less
      satisfactory results. possibly due to the difficulty of adequately complying with
      the diet. These studies indicate that treatment with the soybean diet is an
      effective regimen for inducing a significant cholesterol reduction in type II
      patients refractory to standard low lipid regimens.

PMID- 380317
TI  - An annotation on the pulse in aortic regurgitation: Thomas Cuming, 1822.
AB  - The classic bounding pulse of aortic regurgitation was described by several
      authors before Corrigan made his comprehensive study of the disorder in 1832. The
      case report of Thomas Cuming, published 10 years earlier, is worthy of review.
      This Dublin practitioner not only presented signs and symptoms of aortic
      regurgitation proved at autopsy, but also attempted with considerable success to
      relate the signs to circulatory dynamics.

PMID- 380322
TI  - Pediatric antiquities. The Eisenberg Collection.

PMID- 380323
TI  - Bullous disease of childhood.
AB  - Bullous disease of childhood (BDC) is a persistent or recurrent blistering skin
      disease characterized by large, tense bullae in a generalized distribution, but
      with a predilection for the scalp, trunk, pubis, and inner thighs. It usually
      begins in the first decade of life and spontaneously remits after several months
      to three years of activity. Sulfapyridine or dapsone therapy usually controls the
      disease. Administration of corticosteroids for systemic effects should be
      avoided.

PMID- 380324
TI  - Turner's syndrome occurring with Horner's syndrome. Seen with coarctation of the
      aorta and aortic aneurysm.
AB  - A patient with 45, XO Turner's syndrome, subclinical coarctation of the aorta,
      and aortic aneurysm is described. She had left Horner's syndrome. The literature
      is reviewed for cases with the combination of aortic aneurysm and coarctation.

PMID- 380327
TI  - The William Allan Memorial Award: presented to Charles R. Scriver, M.D. at the
      annual meeting of the American Society of Human Genetics, Vancouver, British
      Columbia, October 6, 1978.

PMID- 380316
TI  - Fine structure of cells and their histologic organization within internodal
      pathways of the heart: clinical and electrocardiographic implications.
AB  - The fine structure of the normal internodal pathways was studied in 1 human and 2
      canine hearts and correlated with histologic observations on more than 100 human
      and 10 canine hearts. From the electron microscopic studies six different kinds
      of myocardial cells were classified from two locations: the Eustachian ridge
      (posterior internodal pathway) and the Bachmann bundle (anterior internodal
      pathway). Five of the six kinds of cells (working myocardial cells, Purkinje-like
      cells, either broad or slender transitional cells and P cells, all previously
      described) were present in both locations. A sixth cell, pleomorphic and dark in
      appearance, with a special intertwined relation to P cells, is newly designated
      as an ameboid cell. It was found solely in the Eustachian ridge. In the same area
      a rare direct contact between a nerve and a myocardial cell was observed. The
      importance of these different kinds of cells, their respective cell connections,
      and their topographic locations inside the internodal pathways are discussed
      relative to certain functions such as rapid conduction and subsidiary pacemaking.
      The possible influence of these factors on clinical electrocardiographic changes
      is considered.

PMID- 380328
TI  - The William Allan Memorial Award address: On phosphate transport and genetic
      screening. "Understanding backward--living forward" in human genetics.

PMID- 380332
TI  - Polyvalent pneumococcal vaccines: a review.
AB  - The development, pharmacology, effectiveness, adverse reactions and clinical use
      of polyvalent pneumococcal vaccines are reviewed. Patients with sickle cell
      anemia, asplenic and elderly patients, infants and closed populations are
      particularly susceptible to Streptococcus pneumoniae infections. Polyvalent
      pneumococcal vaccine induces a satisfactory antibody response wihin about two
      weeks which declines with time but generally remains elevated for at least 20
      months after infection. The vaccine has been reported to reduce the incidence of
      pneumococcal disease by 76 to 100% and to reduce the carrier rate of pneumococci
      covered by the vaccine; however, infants younger than two years of age repond
      inconsistently. Local reactions to the vaccine (soreness at injection site,
      erythema, induration and tenderness) occur in 86% of adults and nearly all
      children. The incidence of adverse reactions increases on revaccination. The
      recommendations of the U.S. Public Health Service and Center for Disease Control
      on use of the vaccine are presented. Mass immunization with the vaccine is not
      recommended, but the vaccine may be of benefit in sickle cell, asplenic and
      elderly patients, and in closed populations.

PMID- 380325
TI  - Recent developments in understanding the pathogenesis of aplastic anemia.
AB  - Bone marrow failure in aplastic anemia (AA) could result from abnormalities of
      hematopoietic stem cells, abnormal control of hematopoiesis, or abnormalities of
      the hematopoietic environment. Bone marrow transplantation, in vitro marrow
      culture techniques, and studies in animal models of marrow failure have provided
      insights on the possible pathogenetic mechanisms underlying AA. Studies in man
      and in murine models suggest that most often AA results from injuries to
      hematopoietic stem cells. Despite the intriguing report of abnormal regulatory
      cells in congenitally anemic mice, instances of marrow failure due to defective
      humoral or cellular control of hematopoiesis have not been identified in man. In
      vitro studies employing allogeneic marrow targets have suggested that immune
      suppression of hematopoiesis may occasionally mediate AA in man. Marrow failure
      due to abnormalities of the hematopoietic microenvironment has been suggested by
      experience with bone marrow transplantation, but no direct study of this
      possibility has been reported. Based on available evidence, it seems likely that
      AA will prove to be many diseases that share common clinical and morphologic
      features.

PMID- 380330
TI  - Analysis of biochemical genetic data on Jewish populations: II. Results and
      interpretations of heterogeneity indices and distance measures with respect to
      standards.
AB  - A nonparametric statistical methodology is used for the analysis of biochemical
      frequency data observed on a series of nine Jewish and six non-Jewish
      populations. Two categories of statistics are used: heterogeneity indices and
      various distance measures with respect to a standard. The latter are more
      discriminating in exploiting historical, geographical and culturally relevant
      information. A number of partial orderings and distance relationships among the
      populations are determined. Our concern in this study is to analyze similarities
      and differences among the Jewish populations, in terms of the gene frequency
      distributions for a number of genetic markers. Typical questions discussed are as
      follows: These Jewish populations differ in certain morphological and
      anthropometric traits. Are there corresponding differences in biochemical genetic
      constitution? How can we assess the extent of heterogeneity between and within
      groupings? Which class of markers (blood typings or protein loci) discriminates
      better among the separate populations? The results are quite surprising. For
      example, we found the Ashkenazi, Sephardi and Iraqi Jewish populations to be
      consistently close in genetic constitution and distant from all the other
      populations, namely the Yemenite and Cochin Jews, the Arabs, and the non-Jewish
      German and Russian populations. We found the Polish Jewish community the most
      heterogeneous among all Jewish populations. The blood loci discriminate better
      than the protein loci. A number of possible interpretations and hypotheses for
      these and other results are offered. The method devised for this analysis should
      prove useful in studying similarities and differences for other groups of
      populations for which substantial biochemical polymorphic data are available.

PMID- 380333
TI  - Familial herpes simplex infection associated with activation of the complement
      system.
AB  - A patient with severe recurrent herpes infection was evaluated for immunologic
      analysis including a profile of complement components. The peripheral blood
      lymphocytes from the patient responded by proliferation to herpes simplex antigen
      but failed to produce leukocyte migration inhibition factor. Herpes simplex
      antibody titers increased during active infection. Total hemolytic complement
      (TCH50), the third (C3), fifth (C5), sixth (C6) and seventh (C7) components of
      complement, and factor B were dramatically reduced; the first (C1), second (C2)
      and fourth (C4) components of complement were within normal limits. In family
      members with a history of recurrent herpes simplex, one or more of the later
      complement components (C5, C6 or C7) was reduced. This study demonstrates the
      activation of complement in these serums via the alternative pathway.

PMID- 380331
TI  - Combination of clonazepam and sodium valproate in the treatment of refractory
      epileptic seizures in 12 children.

PMID- 380334
TI  - Hospital-acquired fungemia. Its natural course and clinical significance.

PMID- 380337
TI  - Recurrence of nephrolithiasis. A six-year prospective study.
AB  - Retrospective studies of nephrolithiasis tend to overestimate the severity of the
      disease and mistakenly ascribe benefits to treatment regimens. The results of a
      three-year study of recurrent nephrolithiasis in three patient groups adhering to
      a calcium-restricted diet who were treated with phosphate therapy, placebo or
      diet alone are re-examined at the close of an additional three-year follow-up
      period. Nearly half the subjects in all groups remained free of stone for the six
      year period. A reduction in the need for lithotomies occurred in all groups. The
      absence of renal calcification at entry into the study as well as increasing age
      were associated with a marked reduction in stone passage. Drug therapy should
      probably be avoided in older patients as well as in those who are free of renal
      calcifications.

PMID- 380338
TI  - Clinical uses of microorganisms and their products.
AB  - Although antibiotics and conventional vaccines are the two most familiar examples
      of man's exploitation of microorganisms as clinical allies, microorganisms and
      their products are assuming an increasingly prominent role in the diagnosis,
      treatment and prevention of human diseases. This report attempts to give a brief
      overview of the status of the use of microorganisms in clinical medicine and to
      identify potentially fertile areas for future progress in their clinical
      application, concentrating on areas other than the already extensively reviewed
      ones of antibiotics and classic immunization.

PMID- 380335
TI  - Combined modality treatment of Hodgkin's disease confined to lymph nodes. Results
      eight years later.
AB  - Eighty-seven patients with newly diagnosed Hodgkin's disease, pathologic stages
      IA, IIA, IIB and IIIA, were assigned at random to receive either extended field
      radiotherapy alone or that therapy followed by six cycles of MOPP (nitrogen
      mustard, Oncovin, procarbazine, prednisone) chemotherapy. Patients were entered
      into the study from January 1970 to January 1974. Patients were followed for a
      median of 69 + months from the end of all treatments. Patients whose disease was
      less than stage IIIA had a 31 per cent relapse rate with radiotherapy alone
      compared to a 6 per cent relapse rate with combined modality treatment (P =
      0.04). No deaths from Hodgkin's disease have occurred in patients who received
      combined modality therapy, whereas 24 per cent of the patients who received
      radiotherapy alone have died with active disease. However, three patients with
      stage IIIA disease who were treated with both modalities have died from other
      causes (myocardial infarction, adenocarcinoma of lung, acute leukemia). Combined
      modality therapy of patients with early Hodgkin's disease may be superior to
      radiotherapy alone, especially for certain subgroups of patients discussed in
      detail.

PMID- 380339
TI  - Pseudo-Gaucher cells in multiple myeloma.
AB  - A bone biopsy specimen from a patient with multiple myeloma showed numerous
      Gaucher-like cells scattered throughout a homogeneous background of plasma cells.
      Further studies using histochemical stains, immunofluorescence, and light and
      electron microscopy were carried out to further define these cells. Light
      microscopy of Wright-stained and hematoxylin and eosin-stained marrow
      preparations showed large, round cells with fibrillar appearing cytoplasm and
      eccentric, pyknotic nuclei. These cells were periodic acid-Schiff positive,
      resistant to diastase digestion. Electron microscopy demonstrated plasma cells
      containing crystals in membrane-bound vesicles. Also, large macrophages among
      these plasma cells contained similar crystals surrounded by a single limiting
      membrane. Immunofluorescence staining of thin sections of marrow with fluorescein
      labelled specific antiserums showed fluorescence of these large cells. Strong
      immunofluorescence was seen with polyvalent kappa and gamma antiserums but not
      with anti-albumin or serums with anti-lambda, mu or alpha specificity. It appears
      that these large cells have the light microscopic and histochemical
      characteristics of true Gaucher cells but, when studied with immunofluorescence
      and electron microscopy, it appears that the pseudo-Gaucher cells of multiple
      myeloma are bone marrow macrophages engorged with immunoglobulin.

PMID- 380336
TI  - Duration of empiric antibiotic therapy in granulocytopenic patients with cancer.

PMID- 380329
TI  - Analysis of genetic data on Jewish populations. I. Historical background,
      demographic features, and genetic markers.
AB  - Part I describes the data sets on which the analysis of Part II is based. This
      covers the nature of the populations sampled, the extent to which the samples are
      representative, and a brief review of historical and demographic facts on the
      populations involved.

PMID- 380341
TI  - Luteinizing hormone--releasing hormone levels in human plasma: a radioimmunoassay
      method.
AB  - A sensitive double-antibody radioimmunoassay, developed to measure luteinizing
      hormone--releasing hormone (LHRH) levels in fetal brain tissues, has been
      modified to quantitate LHRH in unextracted plasma samples. Pure, synthetic LHRH
      was iodinated with 125I for tracer and was also used as standard. The antibody
      utilized was specific for LHRH and did not cross react with other hypothalamic or
      pituitary hormones. The separation of free from antibody-bound tracer was
      performed by dextran-coated charcoal. The sensitivity of the assay was 2.5
      pg/tube. The intra-assay and interassay coefficients of variation were 5.9 and
      6.1% for 50 pg/ml and 11.8 and 14.9% for 25 pg/ml samples. Recovery of known
      amounts of LHRH added to plasma samples that had no detectable hormone was 96.4
      +/- 8.8%. Whether these samples were previously prepared and kept frozen at -20
      degrees C or freshly prepared, the recovery of LHRH was consistent and
      quantitatively stable in each assay. Serial determinations of LHRH in plasma
      obtained from ovulatory volunteers averaged between 20.5 +/- 2.1 pg/ml in the
      follicular phase and 19.4 +/- 4.5 pg/ml in the luteal phase. At midcycle,
      coincident with the luteinizing hormone surge, LHRH levels averaged 17.6 +/- 4.4
      pg/ml.

PMID- 380342
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. Regeneration of the uterine mucosa
      after delivery, with special reference to the placental site: John Whitridge
      Williams, Americal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol.22, pp.664-696 and
      793-796, 1931.

PMID- 380344
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. Observations on certain rheological
      properties of human cervical secretion: Arthur Frederick Clift. Proceedings of
      the Royal Society of Medicine, vol. 39, pp. 1--9, 1945.

PMID- 380343
TI  - Peripheral steroid-gonadotropin interactions and diagnostic significance of
      double-stimulation tests with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in polycystic
      ovarian disease.

PMID- 380345
TI  - The amnion in surgery, past and present.
AB  - The clinical application of the fetal membarnes has been under study for many
      years. An attempt is made to bring the reader up to date in this fascinating
      subject and to indicate practical employment of the membrane in modern medicine.
      The amnion and chorion are detailed separately where possible, particularly in
      the field of surgery.

PMID- 380346
TI  - The points of Osler's compass. Presidential address.

PMID- 380348
TI  - Adjustable eyelid and eyebrow suspension for blepharoptosis.

PMID- 380347
TI  - Perioperative cephalosporin prophylaxis in cesarean section: effect on
      endometritis in the high-risk patient.
AB  - A total of 120 patients who were to be delivered by cesarean section and who were
      at high risk of postoperative infection received three doses of either
      cefamandole, cephalothin or placebo perioperatively. Maternal serum levels for
      both antibiotics were in the therapeutic range. Although both drugs reduced the
      incidence of febrile morbidity and endometritis, only cefamandole significantly
      reduced the fever index. Risk factors for postoperative infections were the
      presence of ruptured membranes, labor, and internal fetal monitoring. Cefamandole
      beneficially influenced all risk factors while cephalothin was able to reduce
      only the risk of ruptured membranes. When a new method for obtaining endometrial
      tissue was utilized, 50% of cultures were negative. There was no difference in
      the organisms isolated from patients with and without endometritis.

PMID- 380340
TI  - Erythrityl tetranitrate: sustained effects on systolic time intervals. changes
      consistent with sustained preload reduction.
AB  - The effects of sustained preload reduction have been demonstrated for several
      nitrates but not for erythrityl titranitrate. In seven patients with coronary
      heart disease, a randomized double-blind crossover clinical trial showed that
      chewable erthrityl tetranitrate, 10 mg, produced significant changes in systolic
      time intervals consistent with preload reduction and lasting for at least four
      hours. As compared with placebo, ejection time index (ETI) fell and remained
      significantly low between 6 and 90 minutes after administration, and pre-ejection
      period (PEP), isovolumic contraction time IVCT),  and pre-ejection period/left
      ventricular ejection time (PEP/LVET) rose and remained significantly increased
      between 22 minutes and the four-hour endpoint. We conclude that erythrityl
      tetranitrate is a physiologically effective long-acting agents in patients with
      coronary heart disease.

PMID- 380349
TI  - Lower eyelid full-thickness vertical lengthening.
AB  - Two cases of lower eyelid retraction caused by loss of full-thickness eyelid
      components were successfully treated with a tarsal-confunctival flap and skin
      graft procedure. One patient also had upper eyelid retraction, which was
      decreased by excising Muller's muscle and recessing the levator aponeurosis
      simultaneously with the lower eyelid surgery.

PMID- 380351
TI  - Congenital perforated cornea in Peter's anomaly.
AB  - A male infant was born with a perforated left cornea associated with bilateral
      central corneal defects caused by mesodermal dysgenesis. Smears and culture of
      the perforated cornea revealed no infectious agents, and there was no evidence of
      systemic infection in the child or mother at birth. Histopathologic material
      excised during keratoplasty was compatible with persistent hyperplastic vitreous,
      possibly causing a forward displacement of the lens/iris diaphragm with pressure
      on the corneal endothelium and possible dissolution of the cornea leading to
      perforation. The relationship of increased intraocular pressure in this case was
      unknown.

PMID- 380350
TI  - Donor cornea contamination with McCarey-Kaufman medium preservation.
AB  - A patient had corneal infection with Staphylococcus aureus after keratoplasty
      from tissue preserved in McCarey-Kaufman medium. The small, successfully treated
      corneal infection was from the same organism cultured from the tissue culture
      medium at the time of transplantation. Possible sources of donor-tissue
      contamination included the increase in ocular flora seen in postmortem eyes,
      blood-borne bacteria, lack of sterile technique in securing donor tissue,
      inadequate irrigation of the tissue, and inadequate use of topical antibiotics on
      the tissue. Preservation medium and specimens from medium-preserved and
      refrigerated corneas should be cultured before and during surgery.

PMID- 380353
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of trabeculectomy specimens in open-angle glaucoma.
AB  - We examined trabeculectomy specimens obtained at the time of surgery for
      inadequately controlled open-angle glaucoma by scanning electron microscopy. Of
      the 50 specimens ten included a broad area of the trabecular meshwork. In these
      ten specimens the meshwork was obscured by material. We believe the degree of
      occlusion was significant in these specimens, which would lead to obstruction of
      aqueous outflow. No similar material was found in control specimens from persons
      of similar age.

PMID- 380354
TI  - Prevention of immune graft rejection after corneal transplantation.
AB  - The effectiveness of fluorometholone was compared to dexamethasone phosphate and
      prednisolone acetate in preventing the immune corneal graft reaction in rabbits.
      Clear corneal grafts were obtained. Rejection was induced after skin from the
      corneal donor animal was grafted subcutaneously in the host animal and the
      animals were randomized into four treatment groups. Rejection occurred in eight
      of nine rabbits in the control group; one of eight in the dexamethasone phosphate
      group; one of eight in the fluorometholone group; and one of ten in the
      prednisolone acetate group. Histologic examination confirmed the above findings.
      In this animal study fluorometholone prevented immune graft rejection in a
      percentage similar to that of prednisolone acetate and dexamethasone phosphate.

PMID- 380352
TI  - Mycotic endophthalmitis in drug abusers.
AB  - We diagnosed mycotic endophthalmitis by positive cultures in a 47-year-old man
      and a 42-year-old woman, both intravenous amphetamine users. Reinfection with a
      different fungal species was documented in one case. Rapid identification of the
      isolate, in vitro susceptibilities, selection of appropriate routes and dosages
      of antifungals, and the role of adjunctive corticosteroids are crucial factors in
      the management of these difficult cases. We prescribed antifungals and adjunctive
      corticosteroids, and our patients' vision improved.

PMID- 380356
TI  - Selected items from the history of pathology: Matthew Baillie (1761-1823).

PMID- 380358
TI  - Edward A. Gall, MD, 1906-1979.

PMID- 380359
TI  - A study of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in Pre-Columbian Peruvians.
AB  - An incidence of tori lower than previously reported was found in a population
      from Pre-Columbian Peru. It is suggested that the prevalence of tori along with
      other genetic markers with racial variation may be used to help identify and
      define a population group.

PMID- 380360
TI  - Size and morphology of the permanent dentition in prehistoric Ohio Valley
      Amerindians.
AB  - Metric and morphological characterizations of the permanent teeth from a total of
      155 prehistoric Amerindians are presented. The individuals represent samples from
      three Ohio Valley burial complexes (considered together as the Late Diffuse
      group): Glacial Kame, Adena and Ohio Hopewell. Metric data include common
      measures of central tendency and dispersion. From these measures estimates and
      analyses of the magnitude of sexual dimorphism and relative variability are
      presented as well as analyses of the patterns of these estimates. Forty
      morphological characters are also tabulated. The results indicate a number of
      provisional hypotheses: the generally larger tooth size of the Late Archaic
      Indian Knoll when compared to the Late Diffuse groups is consistent with the
      hypothesis of mitigated selective pressures in more technologically advanced
      groups; although tooth size is smaller in the Late Diffuse groups, dental
      morphology is as complex, or more so when compared to the Indian Knoll group.
      Since morphology and size do not covary exactly the biocultural forces resulting
      in smaller tooth size do not seem to act as strongly on dental morphology;
      odontological differences within the Late Diffuse arise primarily between the
      Glacial Kame-Adena and the Ohio Hopewell. These differences correspond to major
      biocultural changes in this area; although provisional hypotheses concerning
      odontological variability are erected, hypotheses concerning evolutionary trends
      must await the discovery of evolving lineages within these groups; similarities
      are noted among all compared groups including the pattern and magnitude of sexual
      dimorphism and relative variability. These parameters may be similar for all
      eastern Amerindians during this period; finally, the morphology of the deciduous
      dentition, which generally predicts that of the permanent teeth, is found to be
      less complex than the permanent teeth. This may be the result of a selective
      disadvantage for the individuals in the deciduous dentition sample which is
      reflected in the dentition.

PMID- 380361
TI  - Calcium transport in the nephron.
AB  - Ionized and complexed calcium are filtered at the glomerulus and more than 95% of
      the filtered load is reabsorbed along the length of the nephron. In the proximal
      convoluted tubule calcium is absorbed in proportion to sodium and water,
      suggesting a passive mechanism. The high permeability of this segment is
      compatible with passive transport, but evidence for active transport has been
      advanced. A role for Ca2+-ATPase and/or for a Ca2+/Na+ antiport has also been
      proposed. The straight portion of the proximal tubule appears to transport
      calcium actively but little is known about the mechanism and regulation of
      calcium absorption in this segment. Both passive and active transport of calcium
      in the thick ascending limb have been demonstrated, and heterogeneity in the
      function of medullary and cortical segments has been proposed. Definite evidence
      has been advanced for avid active calcium absorption in the distal convoluted
      tubule. Both chlorothiazide and parathyroid hormone enhance the transport of
      calcium in this segment. The granular portion of the collecting tubule resembles
      in its properties and function the distal convoluted tubule. The light portion,
      however, is incapable of transporting calcium. The distal tubule and collecting
      tubule may be the final regulators of urinary excretion of calcium but much more
      data are required before this view can be adopted.

PMID- 380362
TI  - Vitamin B12 uptake in dog kidney: its use as an extracellular reference marker.
AB  - The renal handling of [3H]cyanocobalamin has been investigated in dogs in vivo
      using the pulse injection multiple-indicator dilution technique. Simultaneous
      renal vein and urine outflow curves were obtained for [3H]cyanocobalamin relative
      to T-1824-albumin (plasma reference) and creatinine (extracellular reference).
      The renal vein recovery of [3H]cyanocobalamin relative to creatinine was
      significantly less than unity and increased with increasing intraarterial dose.
      This indicates a saturable postglomerular uptake mechanism. The urine recovery of
      [3H]cyanocobalamin relative to simultaneously filtered creatinine is also less
      than unity and increases with increasing intra-arterial doses. This indicates a
      saturable interaction at the luminal surface of the nephron. Saturation
      interaction at the luminal surface of the nephron. Saturation of postglomerular
      and luminal interactions can also be achieved by systemic preloading with
      unlabeled vitamin B12. After saturation the renal vein and urine recoveries for
      [3H]cyanocobalamin and creatinine become equal. However, significant differences
      can be observed between their renal vein mean transit times, depending on
      experimental conditions. During hydropenia [3H]cyanocobalamin behaves as a true
      extracellular marker and emerges in renal vein and urine outflows, superimposing
      on creatinine. During mannitol diuresis vitamin B12 still behaves as a glomerular
      marker, but its renal vein mean transit time is now significantly less than that
      of creatinine and its calculated postglomerular volume of distribution is reduced
      by approximately 15% of the available interstitial space.

PMID- 380326
TI  - Matching of blood platelets for transfusion.

PMID- 380363
TI  - Effect of growth hormone on acute glucagon and insulin release.
AB  - The aim was to clarify whether or not sudden spike concentrations of plasma
      growth hormone (GH) can affect the endocrine pancreas in vivo. The peaking of GH
      was reproduced by an injection (10 mg/kg iv) of bovine GH to anesthetized normal,
      pancreatectomized, and alloxan-diabetic dogs. In portal but not in peripheral
      blood, immunoreactive plasma glucagon (IRG), glucagon-like activity (GLI), and
      immunoreactive insulin (IRI), were significantly elevated within 10 min in normal
      and alloxan-diabetic dogs. In pancreatectomized dogs, GH did not affect either
      IRG or GLI. When a physiological dose of GH (6 microgram/kg) calculated to
      produce ambient peak plasma concentrations of 40 ng/ml was given to four
      conscious, normal dogs with indwelling portal catheters, a rise of IRG from 108
      +/- 19 to 170 +/- 17 pg/ml and of IRI from 20 +/- 12 to 67 +/- 19 muU/ml (mean +/
      SE) occurred within 2 min. GLI was not affected. Thus a sudden rise in GH
      concentration can stimulate the release of a) GLI in the presence but not in the
      absence of the pancreas, and b) pancreatic IRG and IRI but not extrapancreatic
      IRG.

PMID- 380364
TI  - Activation of Na channels in islet cells: metabolic and secretory effects.

PMID- 380355
TI  - Comparative studies of cellular reactions to injuries between the inner medulla
      and the cortex of rat kidneys.
AB  - The inner medulla and the cortex of the rat kidney were surgically traumatized or
      threaded with a silk suture, and the sequence of morphologic events occurring in
      these two topographic locations were studied by light microscopy on Days 7, 14,
      and 28. On Days 7, 14, and 28 following the infliction of the surgical trauma,
      such cellular reactions as mononuclear cell infiltration and fibroblastic
      proliferation were less intense in the injured site of the inner medulla than in
      the cortex. Numerous foreign body type giant cells appeared about the suture
      material in the cortex as early as Day 7 and were persistently present on Days 14
      and 28. A similar type of foreign body giant cells did not appear about the
      suture material within the inner medulla throughout the experiment. Our results
      suggest that there is a difference in cellular reaction to injury or to a foreign
      body between the inner medulla and the cortex of rat kidneys.

PMID- 380366
TI  - Jules H. Masserman, M.D. one hundred and seventh president, 1978-1979.

PMID- 380368
TI  - Precipitation of acute psychotic episodes by intensive meditation in individuals
      with a history of schizophrenia.

PMID- 380367
TI  - Acute high-dose parenteral haloperidol treatment of psychosis.
AB  - After 2 days of drug-free observation, 20 newly admitted psychotic patients
      received 20-35 mg of haloperidol intravenously and 20 patients received 30-40 mg
      of diazepam intravenously. Posttreatment ratings at 4 and 24 hours with the Brief
      Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Clinical Global Impressions revealed significant
      improvement in both groups but no significant differences between the two
      treatments.

PMID- 380369
TI  - Problems with internalization of a transplanted liver.

PMID- 380370
TI  - Plasmodium gallinaceum-parasitized chicken erythrocytes in a practical
      hemagglutination test for IgM antibodies in human malaria.
AB  - A new hemagglutination test for human malaria, done with Plasmodium gallinaceum
      parasitized, aldehyde-fixed, chicken erythrocytes as a stable lyophilized
      reagent, is described. The test was positive in every human case of falciparum or
      vivax malaria in which there was parasitemia. It detected only IgM anti
      plasmodial antibodies and usually became negative within a few weeks after
      treatment. As a practical and sensitive test for active malaria, the P.
      gallinaceum hemagglutination test should be complementary tool for
      seroepidemiological studies.

PMID- 380371
TI  - Free microvascular flaps for defects of limbs, head, and neck.
AB  - Twenty-three free microvascular flaps were transferred during the period
      September 1975 to December 1978. These included skin flaps, osteocutaneous flaps,
      and flaps of omentum and jejunum. These flaps were used for a variety of
      conditions ranging from life-threatening bleeding from a tumor to facial
      contouring in congenital deformities. In selected patients a microvascular free
      flap has significant advantages over multi-staged conventional flaps.

PMID- 380357
TI  - The pathophysiology of bone and joint disease.

PMID- 380372
TI  - In memoriam. Leonard Cowley.

PMID- 380373
TI  - In memoriam. Leonard Gerard Dobson.

PMID- 380374
TI  - In memoriam. Sherman W. Hartman.

PMID- 380375
TI  - In memoriam. Bernard Parker Mullen.

PMID- 380376
TI  - Colon perforation in renal transplant patients.
AB  - Seven patients had perforated colonic diverticula 1 to 17 months after
      transplantation. Operation was performed immediately in four patients and from 4
      days to 3 months later in three patients. Three patients are alive 9 to 36 months
      later. Two died of sepsis and two of myocardial infarction. Immediate operation
      with exclusion carries the best prognosis.

PMID- 380377
TI  - A quarter century of progress: first reports to daily practice.

PMID- 380378
TI  - Combining segmental systolic pressures and plethysmography to diagnose arterial
      occlusive disease of the legs.
AB  - Computer-assisted analysis of the data from SLP and PVR study of the legs with
      angiographically documented arterial occlusive disease, projected against a
      background of normal limbs, was used to assess the diagnostic value of each
      study, including its individual variables, as well as their varied combinations.
      The accuracy of both SLP and PVR interpretation was significantly improved by
      standarization against brachial values, but even with the aid of superimposed
      physician interpretation, each only reached 86 per cent when cases with
      multilevel occlusive disease were included. The combination of these two studies,
      which compensate for each other's limitations in several respects, achieved an
      overall accuracy of 97 per cent, with no errors observed in diagnosing either
      normal limbs or those with isolated occlusive disease. Objective diagnostic
      criteria for both SLP and PVR interpreatation are presented in algorithmic form.

PMID- 380380
TI  - A simplified technique for loop colostomy closure.
AB  - Stapling instruments have been used for gastrointestinal anastomoses and
      reconstruction with increasing regularity. A technique for loop colostomy closure
      employing a stapling device is described. This approach provides a secure closure
      while avoiding major contaimination.

PMID- 380382
TI  - [Restlessness, life and work of Dr. Julia Baker].

PMID- 380383
TI  - Study of filamentary keratitis by replica technique.
AB  - Histopathological study of filamentary keratitis was done by using replica
      technique in five patients. The filaments are produced by sliding of the
      epithelial cells around small areas of focal degeneration of the superfical
      epithelium. In comparison to the filaments in other conditions, the filaments in
      KCS are smaller and thicker and do not show the torsional segment. The filaments
      contain degenerated epithelial cells and alcian blue-PAS positive mucoid
      material. Making a corneal replica may result in healing of filamentary
      keratitis.

PMID- 380365
TI  - Urate transport in the nephron.
AB  - This paper summarizes the literature on the sties of urate transport, secretory
      and reabosrptive, in the nephron. In the animals studied thus far the bulk of
      urate transport occurs in the proximal tubules. Two patterns of transport have
      been uncovered. In one, urate is secreted and reabsorbed throughout the
      convoluted tubule (perhaps the pars recta as well). The direction of net
      transport depends on the kind of animal studied and in some instances on the
      experimental conditions. In the second pattern there is a strong secretory
      process in the pars recta, and net secretion of urate, when it occurs, is
      attributable to that segment. In some but not all animals it is clear that urate
      secretion in the proximal tubules occurs by a mechanism separate from that which
      secretes p-aminohippurate (PAH). One important unresolved question is: How
      general is the occurrence of separate secretory mechanisms for PAH and urate?
      Another unresolved question is: What are the magnitudes of the unidirectional
      fluxes of urate in the segments in which bidirectional transport occurs?

PMID- 380385
TI  - [The circulatory system in patients under electrostimulation anaesthesia during
      ophthalmological operations (author's transl)].
AB  - Anaesthesia by electrostimulation and its effects on the circulatory system were
      investigated in 65 elderly patients, in whom operations on the retina and
      vitreous body were performed. Stimulation of the dermatomes of the first and
      second trigeminal nerve as well as of C3 and C4 was performed using stimulating
      needles in 25 patients and adhesive electrodes in 40 patients. All patients were
      intubated after injection of thiopentone and a muscle relaxant. Anaesthesia was
      maintained by continuous electrostimulation, intermittent relaxation and
      normoventilation with N2O/O2 in a ratio of 1/1. During this anaesthesia
      technique, marked stability of the circulatory system was observed. This was
      noted in 32 normotensive and 33 hypertensive patients, the latter being partly
      under antihypertensive medication. Electrostimulation anaesthesia therefore may
      be recommended for elderly and high risk patients.

PMID- 380381
TI  - 6-Mercaptopurine in renal transplantation.

PMID- 380386
TI  - [Combined-electrostimulation-hypalgesia in surgery of the lumbar vertebral
      column. A tentative evaluation of this method (author's transl)].
AB  - A new concept of anaesthesia in patients undergoing operations of the lumbar
      vertebral column is presented. Electrostimulation of four auricular acupuncture
      points is combined with controlled ventilation of nitrous-oxide oxygen mixture.
      This combination is comparable to similar anaesthesia procedures of other
      operative fields. In 30 patients the anaesthesia was performed as a "combined
      electrostimulationhypalgesia". In a control study of 30 similar patients a
      mixture of nitrous-oxide and oxygen only was used. For 120 min systolic and
      diastolic blood pressure as well as heart rate of both groups are measured and
      compared. The postoperative state as well as individual data from the patients
      are included in the investigation. The analgesia established by "combined
      electrostimulationhypalgesia" seems to be based essentially on the effect of
      nitrous-oxide as well as premedication, induction of anaesthesia, relaxation and
      kind of ventilation. Electrostimulation of auricular acupuncture points seems to
      induce stabilisation of the circulatory system. On account of our findings the
      relevance of electrostimulation in this method of anaesthesia must be judged very
      critically.

PMID- 380379
TI  - Contributions of Thomas Jefferson to American medicine.
AB  - Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States and author of the
      Declaration of Independence, had a consuming interest in all fields of education
      and science, including the practice of medicine and public health. He actively
      developed medical education, supported measures for public health, and encouraged
      scientific research supported by the government without policy intervention.
      Although a close friend of eminent physicians, his rationalism and scientific
      method placed him ahead of many practitioners of his time. He disparaged medical
      quackery but actively supported therapies such as vaccination that were based on
      research and careful observation. The School of Medicine at the University of
      Virginia was Jefferson's concrete contribution to the advancement of medical
      education in the United States and epitomized his preoccupation with medicine and
      science as important cornerstones of a healthy American nation.

PMID- 380384
TI  - [Infusions emergencies following the administration of plasma substitutes --
      analysis of case reports to the committee on drugs. The problems of medical
      statistics, prophylaxis and immediate therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - In the period 1967 to 1976 the Adverse Drug Reaction Committee of the Medical
      Association of the Federal Republic of Germany (AMK) received 323 reports of
      transfusion emergencies following the administration of colloid plasma expanders
      (dextran, gelatin, starch). The reports ranged from medium to severe cases. Nine
      percent of the reported cases had a fatal outcome. The data contained in these
      case reports could only be statistically analyzed within certain limitations as
      the reports were incomplete and other parameters necessary for a definite
      statistical evaluating were missing. Furthermore the results do not cover the
      following points: 1. What percentage of reactions to plasma expanders in W.
      Germany was reported? --2. What percentage can be attributed to the individual
      colloids within the entirety of these undesirable side effects? --3. What
      percentage of the individual colloids can be allocated to the varying degrees of
      severity of these reactions? -- Further limitations which complicated the
      analysis of the case reports are discussed individually. Despite these
      difficulties an attempt was made to analyse the parameters necessary in the
      diagnosis of acute transfusion emergencies and to compile a guide for the
      clinical symptomatology. Grading of reactions into four degrees of severity has
      proved useful both in terms of diagnosis and immediate therapy. The medical
      statistical evaluation presented in this paper gives an indication as to the
      significance of the observed side-effects and confirms the statement and
      recommendations made elsewhere in the literature. In these emergency cases life
      threatening incidents appear to be more common than is generally assumed and the
      user is aware of. The incidence of product-specific emergencies can only be
      determined to some degree of accuracy by randomized prospective studies. These
      would have to be conducted with numerous strict guidelines. On the basis of the
      results presented here, these studies should be attended to with a sense of
      urgency. Regardless of the difficulties encountered in the evaluation of the case
      reports, guidelines as to the recognition of reactions, prophylaxis and immediate
      remedial therapy could be established. These would appear to suffice as urgently
      required comprehensive information for the nursing staff as well as all doctors.
      Recognizing side-effects and instituting immediate remedial therapy along the
      principles laid down in these guidelines can in most cases of severe reactions
      remove the acute threat to life.

PMID- 380387
TI  - [Plasma-catecholamines under electrostimulation and neurolept anaesthesia for
      retina and vitreous body operations (author's transl)].
AB  - We determined in two groups of patients with normal circulation and metabolism
      during operations on the retina and vitreous body the concentration of plasma
      catecholamines. The intensity of stress was compared between electrostimulation
      anaesthesia and neuroleptanaesthesia. Venous blood was sampled 1) before
      premedication, 2) 30' after premedication, 3) at the start of surgery, 4) 45'
      after the start of surgery, 5) 30' after extubation. Plasma catecholamines
      (adrenaline and noradrenaline) were determined using a modified trihydroxyindol
      spectrofluoremetric method (combined "Batch-technique"). There was no relevant
      difference between the two techniques of anaesthesia when using the
      concentrations of plasmacatecholamines as an indicator of stress resulting from
      operation and anaesthesia.

PMID- 380391
TI  - Combined immunoabsorption and isoelectric focusing of barley and malt amylases in
      polyacrylamine gel.

PMID- 380389
TI  - [A new suction pump to be used in the field of emergency medicine (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In the field of emergency medicine there has been a need for an efficient suction
      pump that can be used under all types of conditions and included both in doctors'
      emergency kits as well as in the standard equipment of mobile units such as
      ambulance cars, helicopters etc. The devices available in the past had decided
      disadvantages in their construction and performance. A newly designed suction
      pump -- the AMBU Uni-Suction -- has been subjected to laboratory and practical
      tests concerning function, material and practical use, based on a specification
      of requirements for such a device. The results show that this universally
      applicable suction pump meets every requirement under the different test
      conditions. The effectiveness is good, irrespective of the mode of operation
      applied, i.e. by hand, by foot or by compressed gases. Maintenance and service
      are negligible and no susceptibility to malfunction was observed. In addition,
      the design, function and performance of an accessory unit, the Suction Booster,
      are presented. This device can be used effectively in combination with the new
      suction pump, or with any other type of suction unit to prevent dangerous
      aspiration in emergencies.

PMID- 380390
TI  - Fractionation of Escherichia coli isoaccepting tRNA species by sepharose 4B
      column chromatography.

PMID- 380392
TI  - Large-scale preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of ribonucleic acid.

PMID- 380394
TI  - A haptoglobin radioassay based on binding to solid-phase hemoglobin.

PMID- 380393
TI  - A method of DNA quantitation for localization of DNA in metrizamide gradients.

PMID- 380388
TI  - [Behaviour of plasma-cortisol during ophthalmological operations in patients
      under electrostimulation anaesthesia (author's transl)].
AB  - Plasma cortisol was determined before, during and after ophthalmological
      operations. These were performed under electrostimulation anaesthesia using
      adhesive electrodes attached to the dermatome of the site of operation. Plasma
      cortisol decreased after premedication and induction of anaesthesia; it increased
      continuously during surgery beyond the end of operation. Thirty minutes after
      extubation plasma cortisol decreased again.

PMID- 380395
TI  - Homogeneous enzyme immunoassay of chenodeoxycholate conjugates in serum.

PMID- 380397
TI  - Fluorescent labeling of fragments of high molecular weight RNA.

PMID- 380399
TI  - Enzyme immunosensor. III. Amperometric determination of human chorionic
      gonadotropin by membrane-bound antibody.

PMID- 380398
TI  - A rapid method for quantitation of immunofluorescence on human lymphoblastoid
      cell suspensions.

PMID- 380401
TI  - Determination of urinary oxalic acid and of oxalate pool size by stable isotope
      dilution.

PMID- 380400
TI  - Preparation of lipid vesicles containing high levels of entrapped radioactive
      cations.

PMID- 380402
TI  - Food.

PMID- 380403
TI  - Pesticide residues.

PMID- 380404
TI  - Pharmaceuticals and related drugs.

PMID- 380405
TI  - Clinical chemistry.

PMID- 380406
TI  - Human sperm penetration into zona-free hamster oocytes as a test to evaluate the
      sperm fertilizing ability.
AB  - Human sperm entry into zona-free hamster oocytes was used to test the fertile
      ability of spermatozoa from semen samples of men attending an Infertility Clinic.
      Sperm chromatin dispersion as seen under the phase-contrast microscope, was used
      as criterion for sperm entry. The ultrastructural study showed that the behaviour
      of the gamete membranes during fusion did not basically differ from that of
      normal fertilization. Eighty four samples were classed as normal (according to
      the spermiogram) but only 62 (74%) gave a positive test, as compared to only 30
      (32%) positive test of 95 samples with abnormal spermiograms. Eight hundred and
      ten oocytes inseminated with spermatozoa from normal samples gave a 25%
      penetration, while 1046 oocytes inseminated with spermatozoa from abnormal
      samples gave a 7% penetration. The normality of hamster oocytes was demonstrated
      by contemporary insemination with human and hamster spermatozoa. While the
      percentages of human sperm penetration remained low, hamster sperm penetration
      was over 70%. The present bioassay is recommended as an additional parameter to
      the spermiograms for the study of male fertility.

PMID- 380396
TI  - A specific method for determination of free tryptophan and endogenous tryptophan
      in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 380408
TI  - Physiopathology and pharmacotherapy of occlusive arterial disorders.

PMID- 380407
TI  - [Renal autotransplant in the surgical correction of acute arterial hypertension
      caused by renal arterial hypertension and renal ptosis].

PMID- 380410
TI  - Clinical evaluation of flunarizine: walking distance, ergometric performance, and
      hemodynamic and biochemical effects.

PMID- 380409
TI  - Responsiveness of various symptoms of vascular disorders to calcium antagonist.

PMID- 380412
TI  - Double-blind, crossover comparison of carbuterol and salbutamol.
AB  - The bronchodilator efficacy of oral carbuterol in the dose of 2 mg or 3 mg was
      compared with that of 4 mg salbutamol in a double-blind, crossover trial in 21
      patients with bronchial asthma. Carbuterol 3 mg was found to be a more effective
      bronchodilator than salbutamol 4 mg. Both the drugs in these doses produced mild
      tachycardia but were otherwise well tolerated.

PMID- 380413
TI  - Ethan Allan Brown 1906-1979.

PMID- 380415
TI  - The multi-test system: a standardized approach to evaluation of delayed
      hypersensitivity and cell-mediated immunity.
AB  - While delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity (DCH) testing with ubiquitous antigens
      is acknowledged to be useful in assessment of cell mediated immunity, existing
      methods suffer from lack of standardized antigens and optimal doses. The authors
      have evaluated a new plastic, disposable device (Multi-Test, Lincoln
      Laboratories) for simultaneous administration of up to eight test materials by
      multiple puncture and seven ubiquitous antigens in 70% glycerol prepared by
      Institut Merieux. Each antigen was standardized chemically and biologically for
      DCH activity. The Multi-Test system proved to be safe, rapid, painless, and
      reproducible means of evaluating DCH to multiple standardized antigens. This
      procedure offers the potential for detecting changes in cell-mediated immunity in
      diseases individuals who are skin tested periodically.

PMID- 380414
TI  - The syndrome of asthma, recurrent viral infections and T-cell immunodeficiency:
      investigations and management.
AB  - The syndrome of asthma, recurrent viral infections and T-cell immunodeficiency is
      discussed. It is suggested that the management of these patients should include
      correction of the T-cell defects using immunopotentiators such as transfer factor
      and/or thymosin. Procedures for detecting subtle T cell defects are also
      described.

PMID- 380416
TI  - Incidence of oral candidiasis during therapy with triamcinolone acetonide
      aerosol.
AB  - During treatment of 63 asthmatic patients for up to 12 months with an
      investigational drug, triamcinolone acetonide aerosol, no clinically diagnosed
      oral candidiasis occurred. After 14 months of treatment one patient (1.6%)
      developed an oral fungal infection. This low incidence prompted a survey
      concerning the incidence of oral candidal infection in the patients who took part
      in the entire clinical trial program of triamcinolone acetonide aerosol. The
      survey revealed a 2.5% occurrence of oral candidiasis among 674 patients who
      completed at least four weeks of treatment. While direct comparisons were not
      available, the incidence of oral candidiasis during treatment with triamcinolone
      acetonide aerosol was lower than that reported for other similarly administered
      steroid drugs.

PMID- 380411
TI  - The rheological effects of cinnarizine and flunarizine in normal and pathologic
      conditions.

PMID- 380417
TI  - Vitamin A sensitivity.

PMID- 380418
TI  - Leukocyte changes and interferon production in calves injected with
      hydrocortisone and infected with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus.
AB  - Correlations between leukocyte counts and serum interferon titers were determined
      in calves given hydrocortisone (HC) and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)
      virus. Calves were injected with either 1 mg or 3 mg of HC/kg of body weight
      every 8 hours for a total of 9 injections each. Control calves were given placebo
      injections. Viral inoculation was given IV 10 hours after the 1st dose of HC or
      placebo was given. By the time of viral inoculation, all calves injected with HC
      had developed neutrophilia, and the calves injected with 3 mg of HC also
      developed leukocytosis, lymphopenia, and eosinopenia; total leukocyte counts in
      calves injected with 1 mg of HC were increased, but not as much as in other HC
      treated calves. Leukocyte counts in calves given placebo remained essentially
      unchanged before viral inoculation. At 1 day after IBR virus was inoculated, the
      number of circulating lymphocytes in HC-treated calves and control calves was
      decreased by more than 50%, on the average, of the counts taken before the HC
      injections or inoculation of virus. A significant negative correlation existed
      between the numbers of circulating lymphocytes and serum interferon titers at 1,
      2, and 3 days after inoculation with IBR virus. The interferon response of calves
      undergoing lymphocyte suppression due to HC was not impaired, but was enhanced.

PMID- 380420
TI  - Congenital malformations and genetic disorders of the respiratory tract (larynx,
      trachea, bronchi, and lungs).

PMID- 380421
TI  - Amniotic fluid embolism: definitive diagnosis in a survivor.

PMID- 380419
TI  - Lactoperoxidase, thiocyanate, and free cystine in bovine mammary secretions in
      early dry period and at the start of lactation and their effect on Streptococcus
      agalactiae growth.
AB  - The concentrations of lactoperoxidase (LP) and thiocyanate (SCN-) in the mammary
      secretions of 4 dairy cows in the early dry period were similar to or higher than
      concentrations in the milk before drying off. The concentrations of free cystine
      progressively increased in the secretions beginning 3 to 5 days after the last
      milking; the mean concentrations were 0.66 mumoles/L before drying off and 6.66
      mumoles/L after drying off. The mean concentrations of free cysteine were 0.28
      mumoles/L before drying off and 1.4 mumoles/L after drying off. The secretions,
      when diluted in steamed milk, showed greater stimulation of Streptococcus
      agalactiae growth as the drying-off period progressed. This increase in
      stimulatory activity was attributed primarily to the increased concentrations of
      cystine because cystine counteracts the LP/SCN-/hydrogen peroxide inhibitory
      system for S agalactiae. This effect on the LP system may account for any
      increase in susceptibility to S agalactiae under infection during the dry period.
      In 3 other cows, the mammary secretions on the day of calving had lower mean
      concentrations of LP, SCN-, and free cystine and cysteine than those obtained 4
      to 5 days before, and 7 to 8 days after calving.

PMID- 380422
TI  - Eikenella corrodens and pulmonary infections.

PMID- 380424
TI  - [Trypanosoma cruzi in cultures of spinal ganglia of chick embryo, seen in
      intereference contrast and electron microscopy (proceedings)].

PMID- 380426
TI  - Cardiovascular diseases: an annotated bibliography of recent literature.
      References to journal articles and other papers.

PMID- 380425
TI  - [Anosmia and hypogonadism (Kallman's or Maestre de San Juan's syndrome (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A patient, aged 15 years and three months, with hypogonadism and anosmia
      (Kallman's syndrome or Maestre de San Juan's syndrome) is presented. It is an
      sporadic case, with no associated abnormalities, who had been seen due to a lack
      of sexual development. Basal levels of plasmatic LH and FSH were lower than the
      sensitivity threshold of the method: 1.5 mlU/ml. Administration of 100 ng of GnRH
      alone in one dose did not evoke any change of these levels; when the same dosage
      was given during five consecutive days, plasmatic levels of both gonadotropins
      increased. Initial treatment with HCG (5,000 IU, biweekly) evoked very favourable
      changes in somatic and genital development.

PMID- 380429
TI  - Eosinophils in the cerebrospinal fluid.
AB  - Eosinophils in the cerebrospinal fluid are an uncommon finding that is most often
      the result of a helminthic infection of the central nervous system. Information
      from the recorded literature suggests the differential diagnosis of this clinical
      observation is relatively limited. Therefore, in the appropriate clinical
      circumstances, cryptic cases of central nervous system disease might be resolved
      or the diagnostic possibilities at least narrowed by finding these cells in the
      cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 380427
TI  - Physostigmine reversal of diazepam-induced hypnosis. A study in human volunteers.
AB  - Under randomized double-blind conditions, 1.00 to 1.67 mg of intravenous
      physostigmine (Antilirium) reversed sleep induced by administration of 0.102 to
      0.238 mg/kg body weight of intravenous diazepam in eight healthy human
      volunteers. Awakening occurred 330 to 740s after initiation of the physostigmine
      infusion at a rate of 0.5 mg/min every 4 min. Diazepam plasma levels were not
      significantly different at the start of either the physostigmine or placebo
      infusion. Physostigmine did not effect plasma binding of diazepam. Six subjects
      experienced nausea, and one subject developed an arrhythmia. Physostigmine
      reverses diazepam-induced hypnosis but causes side-effects requiring cautious
      administration.

PMID- 380428
TI  - Patients who amplify bodily sensations.
AB  - Patients troubled by symptoms, regardless of the degree of demonstrable disease,
      are subject to fources that cause them to amplify, focus upon, and worry about
      these bodily perceptions. These forces are psychological, sociocultural, or part
      of the medical care process. Optimal management of the symptomatic and somatizing
      patient thus entails obtaining psychological information about emotional
      precipitants, relevant childhood experiences, psychiatric disorders, and the
      personal meaning of the symptom; searching for the somatizing personality themes
      of masochism and guilt, hostility, and dependence; understanding the patient's
      goals in obtaining medical care, such as information and explanation,
      psychological counseling, or social and administrative intervention; and
      assessing situational stress, secondary gain, and ethnic and cultural forces that
      foster the amplification of physical symptoms.

PMID- 380430
TI  - Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis: fact and controversy.
AB  - Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis is prototypic of the immunologic
      glomerulonephritides. It most commonly follows streptococcal infection of the
      pharynx or skin. The diagnosis is usually not difficult when a nephritic clinical
      presentation (with such manifestations as hematuria, edema, and hypertension) is
      associated with serologic evidence of recent streptococcal infection and a
      depressed serum complement concentration. Currently, however, the nephritogenic
      antigen(s) has not been identified and has not been shown to be the same antigen
      for all nephritogenic streptococci; it may not even be a part of the infecting
      organism. The development of a vaccine to prevent this illness from occurring is
      therefore still not possible. Whether poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis
      progresses to chronic renal failure is still uncertain. Painstaking laboratory
      research together with careful, prospective long-term follow-up studies of
      patients with poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis may provide some of the
      answers to these critical questions.

PMID- 380431
TI  - Computed tomography in the diagnosis of intracranial disease.
AB  - The introduction of computed tomography has revolutionized neurodiagnosis. This
      diagnostic procedure makes it possible to define intracranial anatomy by
      visualizing structures of different radiodensities. Computed tomography may
      detect and define the underlying pathologic processes more directly than is
      possible with other diagnostic procedures and has reduced the need for invasive
      contrast procedures.

PMID- 380423
TI  - Pancreatic duct ligation in the therapy of chronic pancreatitis.
AB  - Total ligation of the pancreatic ducts of a normal gland in dogs and man results
      in atrophy of the acinar cells with preservation of islet cell function.
      Theoretically, this might be applied in the therapy of chronic pancreatitis
      since, in effect, an exocrine pancreatectomy results. Sustained islet cell
      function, as evidenced by a normal glucose tolerance test, following pancreatic
      duct ligation, was demonstrated in dogs for periods of up to two years. Resection
      of the head of the pancreas and ligation of the distal gland in six patients with
      chronic pancreatitis and an abnormal glucose tolerance test resulted in the
      development of insulin-dependent diabetes in all instances. Insulin-dependent
      diabetes was also demonstrated in one patient with a normal preoperative glucose
      tolerance test. Recurrent pancreatitis developed in only one patient. The study
      suggests that pancreatic duct ligation is effective in treating chronic
      pancreatitis but casts considerable doubt on the effectiveness of this procedure
      in preventing the development of diabetes, if the glucose tolerance test is
      abnormal

PMID- 380435
TI  - Flagella on Legionnaires' disease bacteria: an interim report.

PMID- 380432
TI  - Infection due to Corynebacterium species in marrow transplant patients.
AB  - A Corynebacterium species consistently resistant to all antibiotic therapy except
      vancomycin caused bacteremia in 32 of 284 (11%) marrow transplant patients.
      Twenty-one patients had colonization or infection before bacteremia. Twenty-six
      of the 32 patients were males, and males older than 16 years were infected
      significantly more often than females over 16, or than all patient under 16. A
      case-control study showed that infected patients had greater exposure to
      antibiotics; more often had failure of engraftment and persistent
      granulocytopenia; were in laminar air-flow rooms less often; and had greater
      inhospital mortality. Cultural surveillance showed that 17 of 42 marrow
      transplant patients were colonized with Corynebacterium species. Likelihood of
      colonization appeared related to age, sex, and duration of hospitalization.
      Prevalence of colonization in other populations was 1% in nonhospitalized healthy
      adults and 13% in adults in a general hospital. Corynebacterium species
      infections occur primarily in adult males with granulocytopenia, mucocutaneous
      defects, and receiving intensive antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 380433
TI  - Campylobacter enteritis: clinical and epidemiologic features.
AB  - Campylobacter fetus subspecies (ssp.) jejuni has been recently recognized to
      cause diarrheal disease in man. To assess its importance as an enteric pathogen,
      we prospectively studied 514 patients with diarrhea. Campylobacter fetus ssp.
      jejuni was isolated from the feces of 26 patients (5%) and seven of 11 of their
      symptomatic household contacts. This organism was isolated from the feces of only
      one of 18 asymptomatic household contacts and not at all from 157 other healthy
      persons. Seventeen of 20 patients from whom C. fetus ssp. jejuni was isolated
      from fecal culture showed at least a fourfold rise in specific IgG titers. Review
      of 35 cases of campylobacter enteritis identified a typical clinical syndrome
      with acute onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and constitutional symptoms.
      Stool examination revealed blood in 60% and polymorphonuclear leukocytes in 78%
      of patients. Epidemiologic investigation strongly suggested an external source
      for the infection in 22 of 35 patients.

PMID- 380436
TI  - Bretylium tosylate: a newly available antiarrhythmic drug for ventricular
      arrhythmias.
AB  - Bretylium tosylate (Bretylol) has recently been approved for parenteral use
      against resistant ventricular arrhythmias. The pharmacologic action of bretylium
      is complex, and its antiarrhythmic action differs significantly from other drugs.
      Bretylium is an adrenergic neuronal blocking agent taken up selectively at
      peripheral adrenergic nerve terminals, where it initially releases norepinephrine
      (sympathomimetic effect) and then produces adrenergic neuronal blockade. It has
      direct cardiac membrane effect to prolong action potential duration and effective
      refractory period but, unlike other membrane active antiarrhythmic agents, does
      not depress conduction velocity or automaticity. Bretylium increases ventricular
      fibrillation threshold and prevents the decrease in ventricular fibrillation
      threshold associated with myocardial ischemia. It does not depress myocardial
      contractility. Clinical studies have shown parenteral bretylium to be effective
      in suppressing ventricular arrhythmias, particularly recurrent, drug resistant
      ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation.

PMID- 380437
TI  - Multimodal primary cancer treatment (adjuvant chemotherapy): current results and
      future prospects.
AB  - In the 1970s chemotherapy has been successfully incorporated into curative
      primary treatment programs for various adult malignancies so that it is no longer
      solely palliative treatment for advanced disease. For at least three malignancies
      and tentatively a fourth (breast and colon carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and
      melanoma), certain groups of patients have had longer disease-free survival
      produced by the use of chemotherapy after surgical removal of the primary lesion.
      The potential impact on cancer mortality from these treatment results is obvious.
      We review here the fundamental laboratory concepts that have led to human trial
      of multimodal primary therapy regimens. Data from numerous clinical trials are
      analyzed, with delineation of the problems encountered in the interpretation of
      their results.

PMID- 380439
TI  - Searching the literature and computerized services in medicine. Guides and
      methods for the clinician.

PMID- 380440
TI  - Pulmonary diseases: an annotated bibliography of recent literature. References to
      journal articles and other papers.

PMID- 380438
TI  - New light on the insulin controversey (Frederick G. Banting and J. J. R.
      Macleod).

PMID- 380441
TI  - Closed eye techniques of intracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens
      implantation.
AB  - The advantages of a corneal incision are discussed and the general trend toward
      closed eye surgery, as well as the reasons for the trend, are defined and
      reviewed. The mechanics involved in my method are presented as well as the theory
      and use of the lens glide. Finally, the Beale Continuous Corneal Closure method
      is discussed. Though this suture may take as long as 8 to 10 minutes to place
      properly, when it is completed it provides the patient with total mobility and
      the surgeon with total peace of mind.

PMID- 380442
TI  - Size of donor corneal button and outflow facility in aphakic eyes.
AB  - Outflow facility was measured in 6 human eye bank eyes following penetrating
      keratoplasty and cataract extraction. A 7.5 mm corneal button was removed and
      replaced by an 8 mm button using conventional mid-to-deep stromal sutures.
      Baseline outflow facility in the phakic eyes (0.28 +/- 0.12 microliter/min/mm Hg,
      mean +/- SD) was unchanged (0.29 +/- 0.12) following the cataract extraction and
      penetrating keratoplasty using the larger corneal button.

PMID- 380443
TI  - Antibody activity in otitis media with effusion.
AB  - Bacteria were isolated from a high percentage of the effusions from patients with
      otitis media with effusion (OME, serous otitis media). In an attempt to determine
      if the isolated bacteria were involved in the disease process, we analyzed the
      serum and effusion of 25 OME patients for the presence of antibacterial
      antibodies by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody method. Specific antibody
      activity was detected in 20 of 25 effusions (80%) and 19 of 22 sera (86%). IgG
      antibodies were the most frequently found class of antibodies in both sera and
      effusions, but IgA antibodies were detected more frequently in the effusions than
      in the sera. Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and diphtheroids
      were the most frequently isolated organisms, and antibody activity to all
      bacterial species isolated was detected. The results support the concept that the
      isolated bacteria are not contaminants but are actively involved in the disease
      process.

PMID- 380445
TI  - [Cutaneous manifestations of malabsorption diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - Malabsorption (M) is characterized by absorption defect of one or several
      nutriments in small bowel. Its clinical expression is rarely obvious and
      biological signs are: anaemia, low serum protein, albumin and lipid rates, low
      serum calcium, phosphorus and potassium level, and hypoprothrombinaemia. But only
      4 simple and reliable tests are needed for diagnosis: i. e.: daily faecal fat
      amount measurement, daily faecal nitrogen excretion, the xylose test and the
      Schilling's test. This syndrome is related to many conditions which can be
      divided into 2 groups with and without intestinal abnormalities. The
      relationships between M and skin diseases belong to 4 types (J. Marks and S.
      Shuster): 1) M is responsible for the cutaneous signs, 2) M is caused by a skin
      disease, 3) both M and skin disease are the result of a same cause, 4) M and skin
      disease are associated in an indirect way. Only the two first types are dealt
      with in this report. Skin manifestations occur as a complication in 10 p. 100 to
      20 p. 100 of cases of M. They are mostly polymorphous or non-specific, as they
      are related to multiple vitamin or essential amino acid deficiencies and heal
      with the treatment of M. The main conditions encountered are diffuse
      pigmentation, acquired ichthyosis, follicular keratosis, nail brittleness and
      hair loss. Mucous membrane lesions, purpura and eczematoid or psoriasis-like
      dermatitis have also been described. More uncommon are clubbing of fingers,
      finger print abnormalities, kwashiorkor or acrodermatitis enteropathica-like
      eruptions. The dermatogenic enteropathy, i. e. a M syndrome due to a skin
      disease, occurs as a result of widespread involvement of the body for instance in
      psoriasis or eczema; its clinical expression is rarely obvious, the histological
      record of gut biopsy usually normal and the results of biological tests often
      dissociated, but steatorrhoea is frequently found. The pathogenesis of the
      condition is still unknown but its importance is related to the extent of the
      skin disease and it only improves with the treatment of the latter. All these
      features and others are discussed in the report with a comprehensive review of
      the literature.

PMID- 380444
TI  - Tissue adhesion with highly concentrated human fibrinogen in otolaryngology.
AB  - This paper summarizes a tissue adhesive system consisting of highly concentrated
      human fibrinogen and thrombin. The addition of blood-clotting factor XIII
      stabilizes the adhesive system against fibrinolysis. Although the adhesion system
      cannot and should not replace surgical suture, it provides valuable assistance in
      tissue synthesis and in local hemostasis, particularly in cases where
      conventional suture methods are especially difficult to apply. In addition to
      good adhesion, an elastic consistency, and good tissue compatibility, the
      adhesive is completely absorbed and, therefore, preferable to conventional tissue
      adhesives based on cyanoacrylate. The system has been used successfully in split
      thickness skin graft application, myringoplasty, repair of dural defects,
      hemostasis after tonsillectomy, and achieving an airtight seal in tracheoplasty.

PMID- 380447
TI  - Diagnosis of early endometrial cancer and precancerous states.
AB  - After a brief epidemiologic survey of endometrial cancer, the subject of
      detection and diagnosis of early lesions is addressed. Emphasis is placed on
      major gaps that exist in the knowledge of natural history of the disease.
      Cytologic and histologic detection and diagnostic techniques are reviewed and
      their advantages and disadvantages discussed.

PMID- 380446
TI  - Intrauterine growth followed ultrasonically in normal and some complicated
      pregnancies.

PMID- 380448
TI  - The endocrine thymus.
AB  - The mediastinal, lympho-epithelial organ was termed thymus to denote a ductless,
      gland-like body which has the appearance of a "warty excrescence" (Greek,
      thymos). Early investigators had ascribed a functional role to this gland
      including the production of humoral factors which modulated cell growth,
      maturation and exerted influence on the process of mineralization. Investigators
      of the past decade have vindicated these observations and identified that the
      thymus is, indeed, an organ which "sets in motion, and spurs on" (Gr. hormaein)
      target tissues.

PMID- 380449
TI  - Histochemistry of steroid receptors in breast cancer: an overview.
AB  - Immunofluorescence and a new histochemical technique were employed to assay 226
      breast cancer specimens for estrogen receptor. Results showed an overall
      correlation of 91 percent when compared to those of biochemical assays. The
      histochemical technique is rapid, easy to perform and reveals the same parameters
      as does immunofluorescence without the need for antiserum. Tumor cell receptor
      heterogeneity and location of receptor in cytoplasm or nucleus is readily defined
      by both methods. These histologic tests should prove to be useful in extending
      the availability of estrogen receptor analysis to all patients with breast
      cancer.

PMID- 380452
TI  - [Change in the biological properties of salmonellae in acquiring resistance to
      chloramphenicol].
AB  - Mutants of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella abony resistant to 40
      microgram/ml of chloramphenicol were obtained during selection according to the
      method of Szybalski on Hottinger broth with increasing concentrations of the
      antibiotic. By the colony morphology the mutants were divided into 4 groups. The
      study of the mutant biological properties revealed changes in the growth rate
      characterized by elongation of the lag-phase and exponential phase, changes in
      the biochemical activity evident from lower fermentation rate of some
      carbohydrates and production of hydrogen sulphide and changes in some amino acid
      dependence. Increased cross resistance to tetracycline and benzylpenicillin and
      decreased resistance to kanamycin were noted. The LD50 of most mutants was
      increased as compared to that of the initial strains. Combination of several
      types of the changes was observed in some mutants. It is supposed that resistance
      to chloramphenicol in the mutants is due to mutations in several genes. Some of
      such genes had pleuotropic effect because of the changes in the structure of the
      ribosome 50S subunits.

PMID- 380451
TI  - [Sensitivity to antibacterial preparations of the pseudotuberculosis bacteria
      isolated on the territory of the Ukraine].
AB  - Sensitivity of 92 strains of the causative agent of pseudotuberculosis isolated
      in the Ukraine was studied with respect to 26 antibacterial drugs. It was found
      that the strains of the pseudotuberculous bacteria were sensitive to 17 drugs,
      i.e. benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephaloridin, chloramphenicol,
      tetracycline, streptomycin, neomycin, monomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin,
      polymyxin, colistin, furadontin, nalidixic acid, sulfisoxazol and septrin. No
      differences in the sensitivity of the strains isolated in various districts of
      the Ukraine and from various sources were found. By their antibiotic sensitivity
      the strains isolated in the Ukraine did not differ from the cultures isolated in
      other districts of the USSR and abroad.

PMID- 380450
TI  - Histochemistry of steroid receptors in prostatic diseases.
AB  - Tissue obtained from 55 men with prostatic disease was assayed for estrogen and
      androgen receptors by a newly developed histochemical technique. The material
      studied consisted of 45 specimens of benign nodular prostatic hyperplasia and 10
      specimens of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The results obtained were compared to
      those of parallel biochemical assays in 17 cases and successfully correlated in
      85 percent. The new procedure is rapid, inexpensive and accurate, allowing for
      the detection of receptor in cytoplasm and/or nucleus and evaluation of receptor
      heterogeneity. The histochemical method may offer an alternate to biochemical
      assay of prostatic tissue as contamination with steroid binding globulins does
      not appear to be a problem at this time.

PMID- 380434
TI  - Hemodialysis in the treatment of psoriasis. A controlled trial.
AB  - We have treated seven patients with severe psoriasis with sham or true
      hemodialysis. Three patients received one 24-h course of true hemodialysis over 4
      d followed by an identical 24-h course 4 weeks later. Four patients received one
      24-h course of sham diaglysis over 4 d followed by a 24-h course of true dialysis
      4 weeks later. Significant subjective improvement was noted by both groups after
      the first series of treatments but not after the second. No objective improvement
      in skin disease was found at any time. We were unable to confirm the many
      uncontrolled reports on the efficacy of dialysis in ameliorating severe
      psoriasis. Neither the heparin used for anticoagulation, the acetate present in
      the dialysis bath, nor the removal of a "psoriatic factor" seemed to affect the
      skin disease in these patients.

PMID- 380453
TI  - [Effect of low doses of chloramphenicol on ribosomal precursor formation in E.
      coli cells].
AB  - RNA synthesized in the cells of E. coli CP 78 (rel+) in the presence of
      chloramphenicol low concentrations (5 microgram/ml) was found in 30S and 50S
      subunits and monosomes. A significant part of it was alotted to ribonucleoproteid
      or chloramphenicol particles. The protein content of ribonucleoproteid amounted
      to 22-25% and the content of RNA in it was equal to 78-75%.

PMID- 380454
TI  - [Immunodepressive action of carminomycin and rubomycin derivatives].
AB  - The immunodepressive effects of carminomycin and its 3 semi-synthetic
      derivatives, as well as rubomycin and its derivative R-103 were compared. It was
      found that 14-hydroxycarminomycin was much superior to the other substances in
      the experiments with synthesis induction suppression of antibodies against sheep
      red cells in mice. Suppression of the rejection of the skin allogenic grafts in
      the mice by carminomycin was higher as compared to that by the other substances.
      Probably different populations of the immune competent cells have selective
      sensitivity to separate anthracyclines.

PMID- 380455
TI  - [Clinical effectiveness of carbenicillin in suppurative inflammatory processes of
      varying localization].
AB  - The study on sensitivity of clinical strains of the causative agents of purulent
      infections to carbenicillin showed that 34.6% of the staphylococcal strains,
      48.1% of the E. coli strains and 40.3% of the Proteus strains were sensitive to
      the antibiotic. The strains of Ps. aeruginosa were characterized by moderate
      sensitivity to carbenicillin. The MTC for most of the isolates ranged within 25
      128 microgram/ml. High therapeutic efficacy of carbenicillin in treatment of
      cases with purulent inflammatory processes of various localization was shown.
      Positive results were obtained in 82.5% of the adults and 76.2% of the premature
      infants treated with carbenicillin. A satisfactory therapeutic effect was
      observed in the cases with sepsis, diffuse purulent peritonitis and abscessing
      pneumonia treated with carbenicillin in combination with gentamicin.

PMID- 380456
TI  - [Course of dysentery and the specific alteration of the neutrophils in children
      in the use of monomycin and a diet with an increased protein content].
AB  - Acute dysentery mainly due to Shigella sonnei and dynamics of the neutrophil
      damage index (NDI) of the blood were studied in 80 children at the age of 1 to
      14. 20 children (group 1) were treated with monomycin under conditions of a diet
      with an excessive content of protein (by 25% higher than the physiological norm).
      60 children or 3 groups of 20 children each were not subject to such conditions
      and were considered as control groups. Reduction in the time of recovery (by 4
      days) and bacteriological sanation (by 6 days) of the convalescents in the 1st
      group decreased as compared to that in the control groups. The test for the NDI
      of the blood was close in all the groups. It was concluded that an excessive
      protein content in the diet increased the efficacy of monomycin therapy in
      dysentery children. It is recommended that the diet with an excessive protein
      content be used in monomycin treatment of dysentery children.

PMID- 380459
TI  - Clindamycin in treatment of aspiration pneumonia in children.
AB  - Twenty-eight patients with anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections were treated with
      clindamycin alone or clindamycin with gentamicin. Sixteen of the patients
      presented with pneumonitis, nine with necrotizing pneumonia, and three with lung
      abscesses. The average length of treatment was 13.8 days, and the duration of
      temperature after initiation of therapy was 3.1 days. The predominant isolates
      were anaerobic gram-positive cocci (23 isolates), Bacteroides melaninogenicus
      (14), Bacteroides fragilis (9), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (11). The most
      frequent aerobic isolates were alpha-hemolytic streptococci (12), Diplococcus
      pneumoniae (12), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7), group A
      beta-hemolytic streptococci (5), Staphylococcus aureus (9), and Escherichia coli
      (6). All patients responded to the therapy and were cured of the infection. There
      were no side effects observed from the administration of clindamycin. None of the
      patients developed any blood dyscrasia, liver damage, diarrhea, or colitis.
      Clindamycin appears to be effective in the treatment of mixed aerobic and
      anaerobic pleuropulmonary infections in children, alone or with an aminoglycoside
      when indicated.

PMID- 380457
TI  - Inhibition of Escherichia coli K-12 by beta-lactam antibiotics with poor
      antibacterial activity: interaction of permeability and intrinsic activity
      against penicillin-binding proteins.
AB  - The effect of methicillin, cloxacillin, 1078/1/1, penicillin G, and cephaloridine
      upon the penicillin-binding proteins of a permeability mutant of Escherichia coli
      K-12 and its isogenic wild type have been investigated. Comparison of the 50%
      inhibition values for the antibiotics against the penicillin-binding proteins of
      the two strains with the minimal inhibitory concentrations for the same compounds
      indicates that methicillin, cloxacillin, 1078/1/1, and to a lesser extent
      penicillin G, owe their poor antibacterial activity to exclusion from the
      bacterial cell, whereas cephaloridine is not excluded and is equally active
      against both the mutant and its wild type. The results further suggest that the
      lesion in the permeability mutant E. coli DC2 allows free access of all the
      compounds tested to the inner membrane target proteins.

PMID- 380460
TI  - Effect of a Salmonella group H1 R factor on virulence and response of infections
      to antimicrobial therapy.
AB  - A group H1 R factor encoding resistance to chloramphenicol, streptomycin,
      sulfonamide, and tetracycline was transferred into Salmonella typhimurium LT-2.
      The virulence of LT-2 for mice, as assessed by intraperitoneal 50% lethal dose
      and the number of organisms in the spleen, was not affected by the R factor. On
      the other hand, the R factor conferred resistance in mouse infections to therapy
      with chloramphenicol and trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole.

PMID- 380458
TI  - Cefamandole therapy in anaerobic infections.
AB  - Thirty-one adult patients with infections due to anaerobic bacteria were treated
      with cefamandole. Bacteroides fragilis group (17) and Bacteroides melaninogenicus
      (13) were the most frequent anaerobes isolated. Duration of therapy varied from 2
      to 49 days. Results were judged satisfactory in 26 cases, and unsatisfactory in 1
      case. Four cases could not be evaluated. Adverse reactions occurred in 16
      patients and included positive direct Coombs' test without hemolysis, transient
      liver function abnormalities, phlebitis, reversible neutropenia, fever,
      eosinophilia, and toxic epidermal necrolysis. The more significant reactions were
      associated with prolonged therapy. None was lethal. These data suggest that
      cefamandole is effective in treatment of most anaerobic infections.

PMID- 380461
TI  - Synergistic effects of ampicillin-aminoglycoside combinations on group B
      streptococci.
AB  - The in vitro activity of gentamicin, tobramycin, kanamycin, and amikacin in
      combination with ampicillin was determined against aminoglycoside-resistant group
      B streptococci. Synergy in each combination was determined by quantitative kill
      curves and demonstrated in all the combinations tested.

PMID- 380463
TI  - Nosocomial multiply resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: epidemiology of an outbreak
      of apparent index case origin.
AB  - A nosocomial epidemic of multiply resistant (MR) Klebsiella pneumoniae
      characterized by resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin, kanamycin, cephalothin,
      chloramphenicol, and ampicillin occurred in a Veterans Administration hospital
      from 1975 to 1977. A total of 66 infected or colonized patients were observed in
      a 2-year period; there were 43 urinary tract infections, 13 wound or soft tissue
      infections, 8 pneumonias, and 6 patients with only asymptomatic stool
      colonization. Four patients had both pneumonia and a urinary tract infection.
      There were five secondary bacteremias. The majority of MR K. pneumoniae strains
      were type 30, but types 17, 21, and 23 and nontypable organisms were also
      recovered. Other gram-negative bacilli with the same antibiotic resistance
      pattern were isolated from 14 patients. Seven MR K. pneumoniae and three
      resistant Escherichia coli isolates were shown to transfer resistance to E. coli
      K-12. MR K. pneumoniae-infected patients were seriously ill, had long
      hospitalization times (mean, 67 days), and were in close geographic proximity to
      other cases. Compared with controls, cases more frequently had prior antibiotic
      treatment and urinary catheters, but not respiratory instrumentation, nasogastric
      tubes, or antacid treatment. The apparent source of the outbreak was traced to an
      index case who entered the hospital with an MR K. pneumoniae urinary tract
      infection. Asymptomatic gastrointestinal carriage without infection elsewhere was
      infrequent (1.6% of cultured patients), but 78% of patients with MR K. pneumoniae
      infections at other sites also had the organism in their stools. Hospital
      antibiotic usage was unchanged before and during the outbreak. The identification
      of an index case and relative lack of asymptomatic stool carriers are unique
      features of this plasmid-mediated MR K. pneumoniae epidemic. Although this MR K.
      pneumoniae outbreak appeared to be controlled by the use of isolation techniques,
      a simultaneous increase in gentamicin resistance among other gram-negative
      organisms was observed.

PMID- 380469
TI  - Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid associated with herpes simplex.

PMID- 380462
TI  - Thienamycin: new beta-lactam antibiotic with potent broad-spectrum activity.
AB  - Thienamycin, a new beta-lactam antibiotic, exhibited potent, broad-spectrum
      activity in vitro against gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci,
      including many isolates resistant to currently available antibiotics. All
      isolates were inhibited at concentrations less than or equal to 25 mug/ml, with
      the exception of 12% of isolates of Enterobacter spp. and 3% of isolates of
      Serratia marcescens. Its activity decreased with an increase in inoculum
      concentration of from 10(5) to 10(7) cells per ml.

PMID- 380468
TI  - Intra- and extracellular forms of alpha-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger.

PMID- 380466
TI  - Effect of propanolol on monosynaptic reflex activity during a task.
AB  - 20 normal healthy subjects in a double-blind crossover experiment were given a
      table of either 40 mg propranolol or placebo half an hour before the beginning of
      the experiment. At rest and during the performance of a task, hert rate, Achilles
      tendon (T) and Hoffmann (H) reflexes were recorded. No increase in heart rate
      occurred during the task in the propranolol session. The increase of T-reflex
      amplitude, a common finding during the task under consideration, was larger in
      the propranolol session. No difference with H reflexes was found. It is concluded
      that the increase of T-reflex amplitudes during the task is caused only by
      fusimotor and not by sympathetic activity. It is speculated that if the
      sympathetic system plays a role at all, the effect on the T reflex is depressive
      rather than facilitating.

PMID- 380465
TI  - Effect of clavulanic acid on the in vitro synergism between carbenicillin and
      gentamicin against Serratia marcescens.
AB  - Clavulanic acid, a potent beta-lactamase inhibitor, reduced the minimum
      inhibitory concentrations of carbenicillin for 13 of 15 clinical isolates of
      Serratia marcescens by at least eightfold. The combination of clavulanic acid and
      carbenicillin also exhibited synergistic activity with gentamicin against 11 of
      15 isolates tested, including 9 of 10 strains which were highly resistant to
      carbenicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration >/= 8,000 mug/ml) and had
      previously been found resistant to the synergistic activity between carbenicillin
      and gentamicin.

PMID- 380464
TI  - Physical characterization of ten R plasmids obtained from an outbreak of
      nosocomial Klebsiella pneumoniae infections.
AB  - Gentamicin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae involved in an outbreak at the
      Minneapolis Veterans Administration Hospital was due to a transmissible R
      plasmid. In addition to gentamicin, this plasmid conferred resistance to
      tobramycin, kanamycin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol,
      and sulfathiazole. R plasmids which transferred this complex antibiogram were
      identified in several clinical isolates, including four different serotypes of K.
      pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, and Proteus morganii. The
      covalently closed circular form of all R plasmids isolated had a sedimentation
      coefficient of 76S to 77S, corresponding to a molecular weight of 58 x 10(6). The
      possibility that a single R plasmid was responsible for the dissemination of
      multiple drug resistance among all of these different clinical strains was
      examined by characterizing the plasmids by using EcoRI restriction endonuclease.
      The same 15 fragments were obtained from each of the 10 plasmids analyzed. Their
      molecular weights ranged from 4 x 10(5) to 11 x 10(6). Thus, we conclude that
      each of the 10 plasmids present in the various clinical strains isolated from the
      hospital over a 7-month period originated from a common source and that R plasmid
      transfer was important in their spread.

PMID- 380470
TI  - Bullous pemphigoid. Occurrence in psoriasis treated with psoralens plus long-wave
      ultraviolet radiation.
AB  - The occurrence of bullous pemphigoid during treatment for psoriasis has been
      described in the literature. We saw a case of psoriasis that was complicated by
      bullous pemphigoid in a patient receiving orally administered psoralen followed
      by long-wave ultraviolet radiation (PUVA) therapy. In our patient the
      localization of bullous lesions to psoriatic plaques demonstrates that the PUVA
      treated psoriatic skin may have a decreased threshold for the development of
      clinical bullous pemphigoid. This suggests factors other than simple coexistence
      of the two diseases. Therapy with PUVA might induce bullous pemphigoid in
      psoriasis, either primarily or by facilitating the expression of a previously
      existing subclinical form of the bullous disorder.

PMID- 380471
TI  - Serological diagnosis of Candida albicans-balanitis and -balanoposthitis.
AB  - The Candida hemagglutination test (Candida-HA-Test), the complement fixation,
      Candida immunofluorescent test (Candida-IF-Test) and the agglutination-test were
      performed in 34 patients suffering from genital candidosis and in 34 healthy
      controls. The results obtained were: Candida hemagglutination and complement
      fixation titers are raised to the same extent in patients suffering from Candida
      albicans-balanoposthitis when soluble polysaccharide antigens are used in both
      tests. The high titers indicate a great portion of mercaptoethanol susceptible
      antibodies in those subjects. When compared with controls, the hemagglutination
      titers are fourfold lower than those of the patients. There is a four-to-sixfold
      decrease of the hemagglutination titers performed after mercaptoethanol treatment
      of the sera in the patients. On the other hand, there is only a twofold decrease
      of hemagglutination titers in the controls. In chronically infected persons the
      hemagglutination titers are within the normal range or are raised
      insignificantly. There is only a twofold decrease in HA-titers after treatment of
      the sera with mercaptoethanol. On the other hand, the agglutination- and the
      Candida-IF-titers seem to be elevated as a rule in chronically infected. In those
      patients the gamma G- and the gamma A-titers are significantly raised, too. The
      results mentioned above are discussed with regard to their clinical significance.

PMID- 380472
TI  - Recent advances in epidermal cell cultures.
AB  - Among the many skin culture systems, three have been selected in this short
      review because of their specific potentials in dermatological research. H. Green
      cultures newborn human forsekin keratinocytes on a mouse 3T3 feeder layer.
      Keratinocytes grow and keratinize. The feeder cells release factor(a) which
      allows serial propagation of keratinocytes to be achieved. The cell yield is
      further increased by adding epidermal grohth factor. This system has already
      proved to be a potent tool for the study of keratinization at the molecular
      level. A. Freeman has described a system in which explants of adult human skin
      are cultured on the dermal aspect of dead split-thickness pig skin. Keratinocytes
      can be passaged several times. Their differentiation is remarkable: it includes
      the production of keratohyaline, membrane coating granules, pemphigus as well as
      pemphigoid antigens. This system is interesting in the study of epidermal
      morphogenesis and may be applicable to the treatment of burns. The culture of
      epidermal cells from adult guinea pig ear in comparison with that of dermal
      fibroblasts is being used to study the specificity of action of pharmacological
      compounds on growth and keratinization of epidermal cells. Furthermore, the
      isolation (and culture) of pure populations of basal cells appears as a promising
      approach to the study of the mechanisms which moderate epidermal cell
      proliferation.

PMID- 380467
TI  - The position and organization of motor fibers in the internal capsule found
      during stereotactic surgery.
AB  - Data gathered from exploratory stimulation of the diencephalon in 130
      stereotactic operative procedures have been studied, with the aid of a computer
      graphic technique, to show the position and topography of motor responses in the
      internal capsule. The results obtained indicate that pyramidal fibers are
      organized into a rostral-caudal face-arm-leg sequence and occupy a short compact
      band in the caudal third of the posterior limb of the internal capsule. This is
      in contrast to previous concepts of the position of these fibers in the capsule.

PMID- 380476
TI  - [Role of possible endotoxin contaminants present in some preparations of
      biological products and injectable drugs].
AB  - On the basis of personal contributions and of most recent data, the A. reports
      some observations and comments regarding the role of possible contaminating
      endotoxins demonstrated in some biological products and parenteral solutions used
      in clinical and experimental studies. Since endotoxins even in minute amounts
      have a variety of biological effects, the use of such contaminated preparations
      can lead to spurious results and erroneous conclusions. The Limulus assay appears
      to be a rapid, specific and sensitive method for detection and quantitation of
      endotoxin in various biological and pharmaceuticals products before they are used
      in clinical and experimental investigations.

PMID- 380473
TI  - Action of staphylococcal epidermolysin: further observations on its species
      specificity.
AB  - Sensitivity to epidermolysin was tested in a number of species of the families of
      mice (muridae) and hamsters (cricetidae) and in hedgehogs. None of the animals
      proved sensitive except mus musculus (house mouse) and mesocricetus auratus
      (golden hamster).

PMID- 380475
TI  - [Characteristic of endotoxin (and haemolysin) for S-, R- and M-forms of the
      enteropathogenic "E. coli" (author's transl)].
AB  - Endotoxins of E. Coli O 149, IN S-, R- and M-forms, were examined in comparison.
      Gas chromatography showed only quantitative differences in the amount of volatile
      fatty acids. Electrophoresis of immunsera and bacteriostatic potency of sera,
      showed the immunogenicity of those 3 endotoxins, in sequence: S leads to R leads
      to M. Endotoxin of enteropathogenic E. coli O 149 provokes haemorrhagic effects
      in bones marrow of mice. Endotoxin influences the reticulo-endothelial system
      (mobilization of immunocytes). Endotoxin does not provoke any changes in "ligated
      loop tests'.

PMID- 380474
TI  - A semiquantitative measurement of anti-nuclear antibody using immuno
      microfluorimetry.
AB  - 1. Using microfluorimetry, the strength of fluorescence was measured on
      fluoresceinated anti-nuclear antibody of SLE sera. The indirect "Sandwich" method
      was applied using human peripheral lymphocytes as substrates tissue. 2. The
      results of using three FITC-labelled anti-human IgG conjugates of different types
      were compared with each other. 3. More specific and more consistent results were
      obtained with conjugates with a lower F/P ratio and lower antibody and protein
      concentration that those in the case of conjugates with a higher F/P molar ratio
      and higher antibody and protein concentration. 4. The immuno-microfluorimetric
      technique is very useful for the objective determination of the results of
      fluorescence microscopy and for the comparison of conjugates of different
      qualities.

PMID- 380479
TI  - [Positive haemoculture for "Salmonella typhi": identification and typification
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 380481
TI  - Studies on the enteropathogenic "E. coli" isolated from colibacillosis of calves.

PMID- 380477
TI  - [Recent data about microorganisms of the genus Serratia (author's transl].
AB  - The Authors on the basis of most recent references, expose the epidemiological,
      cultural, biochemical and taxonomical characteristics of microorganisms of the
      genus Serratia. In addition the most recent data regarding the typing and the
      sensitivity to antibacterial agents are discussed.

PMID- 380480
TI  - [Report on Citrobacter strains having antigenic relationship with "E. coli", and
      their characteristics (author's transl)].
AB  - During a research done on the diffusion of enteropathogenic E. coli in a
      children's community, 24 strains of Citrobacter have been isolated. By
      agglutination and agar-gel diffusion techniques, they looked to have some somatic
      antigens in common with those serogroups of enteropathogenic E. coli. The results
      were as follows: 14 strains were correlated with the serogroup O111; 9 strains
      with the serogroup O125 and 1 strain with the serogroup O55. The isolation of
      these strains has been made at the same period when we have found out the E. coli
      of homologous serogroups, even if they didn't belong to the same subjects. The
      colicine typing and sensibility to antibiotics tests made both on Citrobacter
      strains and on E. coli ones of homologous serogroups haven't pointed out other
      characteristics of identity. Furthermore, antigenic relationships between the 24
      strains of Citrobacter and different serogroups of Salmonella have been
      demonstrated, that is: the strains containing the somatic antigen O111 were
      correlated with the serogroup O35; the strains having the somatic antigen O125,
      with the serogroup O6, 14, 24 and the strain containing the somatic antigen O55,
      with the serogroup O50. The presence of these strains in normal subjects only,
      gives a further witness that their role in enteric infections remains to be
      demonstrated.

PMID- 380482
TI  - [Filaments of the "Candida albicans" in human serum (author's transl)].
AB  - A study on human serum activity on Candida albicans cells has been carried out.
      In smear microcultures the microcolonies morphogenesis and the thread formation
      in the presence of serum, as well as the reappearance of normal yeast cells after
      re-growth in normal nutrient agar has been assessed. The serum globulin-fraction
      appeared to have the greatest germ-tube inducing activity: an heat-sensitive
      quality that went lost after 30 minutes at 100 degrees C. The multiplying
      activity of the Candida cells was almost completely abolished in the presence of
      serum. Realying on these experimental findings the AA. suggest that a demaging
      factor may be present in sera, linked to the globulin protein fraction, that
      hinders the Candida cell-wall normal synthesis: hence follows the appearance of
      threads, mostly deprived of multiplying activity. A condition in some way akin to
      the well known filament inducing activity of penicillin on Gram-negative
      bacteria.

PMID- 380478
TI  - [Research of the RNA-coliphages, in comparison with usual microbial and chemical
      indexes of biological pollution, for hygienic and sanitary evaluations of coast
      waters (author's transl)].
AB  - Hygienic significance of the usual microbial (E. coli, Enterococci, Clostridia)
      and chemical (COD, NH3, NO2) indexes of sea-water biological pollution was
      investigated, in comparison with RNA-coliphages assay. E. coli was confirmed as
      an easily measurable and significant index of biological pollution (at least for
      routinary investigations), while the other microbial and chemical parameters do
      not significantly increase the hygienic selectivity of the E. coli assay. RNA
      coliphages assay, on the contrary, is able to increase the hygienic selectivity
      of sanitary investigations, particularly in lowly polluted coast-water. This
      behaviour of RNA-coliphages is in accordance with their great persistance in sea
      water, due to their survival-time, closely comparable with human viruses. RNA
      coliphages assay is therefore proposed as a simple and useful index of "viral
      pollution" for a complete hygienic evaluation of sea-water environment in
      addition to routinary E. coli assay.

PMID- 380485
TI  - Conservative management of the prolapsed mitral valve.
AB  - Prolapsed leaflet is the result of ruptured chordae, elongated chordae, or
      ruptured papillary muscle. Various techniques adapted to each of these lesions
      were developed, and repair of 213 prolapsed mitral valves was performed between
      1969 and 1977. There were 109 patients with ruptured chordae treated by
      quadrangular resection of the prolapsed leaflet; 103 patients with elongated
      chordae were treated by either a "sliding plasty" of the papillary muscle or a
      "shortening plasty" of the chordae; and 1 patient with ruptured papillary muscle
      was treated by reimplantation. The great majority of patients had an associated
      annular dilatation or deformation requiring the use of a Carpentier ring to
      remodel the annulus and reinforce the repair. The operative mortality was 4% and
      the late mortality, 3%. There were 6 reoperations, 3 of which occurred within 1
      year. Thromboembolic complications occurred in only 1 patient (0.5%), even though
      the majority of patients received no anticoagulation treatment. Actuarial curves
      demonstrated a 91% survival at 8 years.

PMID- 380484
TI  - A method for primary reconstruction following radical excision of sacrococcygeal
      pilonidal disease.
AB  - A great variety of procedures have been proposed for the cure of Sacrococcygeal
      pilonidal disease. Initial enthusiasm has usually given way to disappointment
      when it is realized that the treatment is painful, the hospitalization is
      prolonged, the aftercare is tedious or the original condition appears to have
      recurred. A technique is described which permits the total extirpation of cyst
      and sinus tracts while allowing for a tensionless wound closure by advancement of
      a buttock flap. Hospitalization is brief and the postoperative course is
      comfortable. Fifty such operations have been performed since November 1968. In
      the first group of thirty patients operated upon between three and ten years ago,
      a single bonafide failure occurred. An additional twenty patients have been
      successfully treated for an overall failure rate of 2%.

PMID- 380483
TI  - An in vivo evaluation of microaggregate blood filtration during total hip
      replacement.
AB  - In order to evaluate the effect of microaggregate blood filtration on pulmonary
      status, hemostatic status, and incidence of infection, a prospective study was
      performed on patients undergoing elective total hip replacement for
      osteoarthritis. Forty patients were randomized to either a 260 micron standard
      filter group or a 20 micron microaggregate filter group. Patients were monitored
      pre- and postoperatively for changes in arterial blood gases and in vitro test of
      hemostasis. Postoperative measurements were also made of the total volume of
      blood collected from the operative wound drain and of the number of infections
      incurred by patients in the two filter groups. Average transfusion was 4.0 units
      for the standard filter group and 4.6 units for the microaggregate filter group.
      Results showed that postoperatively, either immediately or after 48 hours, there
      were no statistically significant differences (p greater than 0.05) between
      either filter group for any of the tests of pulmonary or hemostatic function
      evaluated. For infection no trends were found to suggest that microaggregate
      filters conveyed any protective effect. These data suggest that routine
      microaggregate blood filtration of up to 5 units of blood is not required.

PMID- 380486
TI  - Long-distance transportation of human hearts for transplantation.

PMID- 380489
TI  - [Significance of lymphoid organs in the reaction to skin homotransplants in
      Triturus cristatus carnifex Laur].

PMID- 380487
TI  - Median sternotomy dehiscence.
AB  - Sternal dehiscence requiring reoperation occurred in 36 out of 4,531 patients who
      had a sternotomy incison within an eight-year period. Twisted sternal wire
      sutures were used for the first four years and a crimped steel plate fixation was
      used during the second four years with a marked and significant decrease in the
      incidence of dehiscence from 17 out of 1,000 patients to 3 out of 1,000 patients.
      Thirty-five of the 36 patients were men, and 4 required reoperation for bleeding.
      Other factors such as mammary artery dissection, tracheostomy, and body weight of
      more than 82 kg were not significant. Although infection was noted in 20
      patients, it was thought to be secondary. Early reoperation with antibiotic
      irrigation achieved wound stability in the 34 survivors with only 3 patients
      requiring additional procedures for chronic osteomyelitis of the sternum.

PMID- 380488
TI  - Early and late results with the Mustard operation in infancy.
AB  - Eighty-one patients, ranging in age from 36 hours to 24 months and in weight from
      2.5 to 12 kg had a Mustard operation for D-transposition of the great arteries (D
      TGA) (20 with complex D-TGA) using either deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (68
      patients) or conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (13 patients). A Dacron patch
      was used for the intraatrial baffle and pericardium for augmentation of the
      pulmonary atrium. Ten patients died following operation. Thirty-two patients had
      cardiac catheterization 1 year after operation. Of 24 patients with D-TGA and
      intact ventricular septum, 23 had normal pulmonary artery pressures. In 20
      patients left ventricular outflow tract gradients decreased from a mean of 32 mm
      Hg to a mean of 18 mm Hg after operation. Five patients who had D-TGA and
      ventricular septal defect and systemic pressures in the left ventricle before
      operation, had a notable decrease in left ventricular pressures after the
      procedure. Seven patients required reoperation for baffle obstruction. Mortality
      following Mustard repair was primarily related to the complexity of the lesion,
      maturity of the infant, and degree of pulmonary vascular changes. Caval
      obstruction was related to the configuration of the baffle used in the early part
      of this series.

PMID- 380490
TI  - Is histidine essential for the adult man? A review.
AB  - Recent experimental observations as well as theoretical considerations suggest
      that histidine may be an essential amino acid for the adult man. In this paper,
      an up-to-date review of the literature on the essentiality of histidine is
      presented. Some practical implications of the indispensability of this amino acid
      in the human diet are also discussed.

PMID- 380492
TI  - Effects of dopamine agonists and antagonists in Tourette's disease.
AB  - The actions of haloperidol, dextroamphetamine sulfate, levamfetamine succinate,
      apomorphine, and piribedil were studied in two patients with Giles de la
      Tourette's disease in an attempt to clarify the catecholamine mechanisms involved
      in this condition. Both dextroamphetamine and levamfetamine increased the
      severity of the symptoms; dextroamphetamine was more potent. Haloperidol
      controlled the symptoms and also antagonized the effect of dextroamphetamine.
      Apomorphine injections reduced the severity of symptoms, even in the presence of
      dextroamphetamine. We conclude that dopamine rather than norepinephrine is the
      principal catecholamine responsible for the symptoms. The effect of apomorphine
      may be understood through its action on postulated presynaptic inhibitory
      dopamine receptors, or other presynaptic mechanisms of action.

PMID- 380491
TI  - Metabolic products of microorganisms. 181. Chitin synthase from fungi, a test
      model for substances with insecticidal properties.
AB  - Chitin synthase from Coprinus cinereus (Schaeff. ex Fr.) S. F. Gray (= C. lagopus
      sensu Buller) was used as a model for chitin synthase from insects. The effect of
      dimilin (difluorobenzuron), captan (trichloromethylsulfonyl fungicide), kitazin P
      (organophosphorus ester fungicide) and parathion (organophosphorus insecticide)
      on the fungal enzyme was compared with the effect of nikkomycin
      (nucleosidepeptide antibiotic).

PMID- 380494
TI  - [A textbook on the history of medicine, by Wladyslaw Szumowski, and its
      evaluation by Edward Stocki].

PMID- 380493
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Edward Stocki, (1909-1978) honorary member of the Polish
      Society of History of Medicine].

PMID- 380496
TI  - [Incidence of diseases and injuries during the Wielkopolski insurrection, 27
      December 1918--13 November 1919].

PMID- 380495
TI  - [Sanitary-medical bases and facilities at the disposal of the Wielkopolski
      insurrection army, 16 January 1919--13 November 1919].

PMID- 380499
TI  - [Medicine in the 18th century Poland. Introduction].

PMID- 380498
TI  - [Review of documents at the State Archives in Dresden concerning the history of
      German-Polish medical relations during the 18th cent].

PMID- 380500
TI  - [Polish physicians in the light of the medico-historical work of Gregor Matthias
      in the 18th cent].

PMID- 380501
TI  - [Participation of German scientific centers in the development of Polish medicine
      in the 18th cent].

PMID- 380497
TI  - [Treatment of sick and wounded soldiers during the Wielkopolski insurrection, 27
      December 1918--13 November 1919].

PMID- 380502
TI  - [Life and work of Francis Leopold de Lafontaine 1756--1812].

PMID- 380503
TI  - [Comparison between psychiatric care in Poland and Saxony in the 18th and 19th
      centuries].

PMID- 380504
TI  - [Ties between Johann Nepomucen Rust (1775-1840) and the Medical Department at
      Cracow].

PMID- 380505
TI  - [The Department of medicine of the Cracow University at the time of the Grand
      Duchy of Warsaw (1809--1815)].

PMID- 380506
TI  - [Representatives of German medicine in the Warsaw Society of Friends of Sciences
      (1800--1832)].

PMID- 380509
TI  - Rapid slide agglutination test for Lancefield grouping of streptococci.
AB  - A rapid slide agglutination test (the Phadebact [PB] Streptococcus test) was
      compared with the standard autoclave extraction method of Lancefield and
      presumptive clinical laboratory tests for grouping of streptococci (bacitracin
      disk sensitivity for group A and sodium hippurate hydrolysis for group B).
      Identification of group A streptococci by the PB kit was statistically as
      accurate as by the Lancefield method, whereas bacitracin grouping was
      significantly less accurate than the Lancefield method (P = less than .02). With
      regard to group B, there was no statistically significant difference between the
      PB test and the sodium hippurate test. The PB test correctly identified all group
      C and G streptococci. The PB kit provides a rapid and reliable method for
      Lancefield grouping of streptococci.

PMID- 380508
TI  - Immunocytochemical identification of human chorionic gonadotropin. Comparative
      study of diaminobenzidine and 3-amino, 9-ethylcarbazole, a nonhazardous
      chromogen.
AB  - An immunomicroscopic study evaluated 55 fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from
      surgical and necropsy-accessioned material reflecting a variety of physiologic
      and pathologic disorders. The sensitive unlabeled (peroxidase-antiperoxidase)
      immunoperoxidase technique was used. Cytoplasmic human chorionic gonadotropin
      (CHCG) was readily identified in syncytial trophoblastic cells. The only tissue
      sections that did not demonstrate CHCG activity were primary and secondary
      testicular teratocarcinomas without choriocarcinoma components. When the
      technique was reevaluated for the non-hazardous chromogen 3-amino, 9
      ethylcarbazole, excellent results were achieved with equivalent staining
      distribution and intensity. The unlabeled immunoperoxidase method for the
      identification of CHCG is a sensitive, reliable, confirmatory immunohistochemical
      stain. A relatively safe chromogen can be substituted for the benzidine
      derivatives in the procedure with equivalent results.

PMID- 380510
TI  - Immunofluorescence study of skin rash in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever.
AB  - Fifty-three skin biopsy specimens obtained from the cutaneous rashes of patients
      who had dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) were studied by immunofluorescence
      technique. Six specimens showed deposits of IgM, beta 1 C-globulin, dengue
      antigen, and fibrinogen during the first week of fever. Some but not all of these
      components (IgM, beta 1 C, dengue antigen) were demonstrated in 29 specimens.
      Twenty-three of them yielded negative results. Granular deposits of IgM and beta
      1 C appeared in the blood vessel walls of dermal papillae. Dengue antigen was
      seen in mononuclear cells that were closely infiltrated around the blood vessel
      wall in dermal papillae. Fibrinogen was located within or about the blood
      vessels. The findings suggest that the cutaneous rashes occurring in DHF are
      caused by an immunopathologic process.

PMID- 380512
TI  - The use of free microvascular flaps in the leg. Their value in orthopaedic
      surgery.
AB  - After discussing the conventional techniques available for covering skin defects
      in the leg with associated complex orthopaedic problems the value of the free
      flap is empahsised. The technique is discussed briefly and six cases are
      presented. The advantages of this method are outlined and the improvement in
      healing afforded by the extra blood supply in cases where there is infection and
      exposure of bone or plate is stressed. Where large complicated skin defects can
      be predicted, early co-operation between orthopaedic and plastic surgeons is
      advised.

PMID- 380511
TI  - Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of islets of Langerhans associated with androgen
      therapy.
AB  - Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the islets of Langerhans were observed in three
      patients treated with androgen-anabolic steroids for aplastic anemia. These
      patients formed a unique subset of patients with aplastic anemia in that they all
      had Fanconi's anemia, all demonstrated glucose intolerance following institution
      of androgen therapy, all had received androgen for at least 42 months prior to
      death, and all had coexistent benign liver cell tumors. Androgen-induced glucose
      intolerance may play a major role in the pathogenesis of both the pancreatic and
      hepatic abnormalities.

PMID- 380507
TI  - [August Ferdinand Wolff and the importance of semeiotics].

PMID- 380513
TI  - [Tissue compatibility of gentamycin PMMA beads and chains (author's transl)].
AB  - In chronic bone tissue infections a very effective local antibiotic therapy can
      be achieved by temporary implantation of Gentamycin-PMMA beads. Eight weeks later
      the chains were removed and the surrounding specimens of bone were subjected to
      histological examination. On the basis of the results, it was established that
      the beads were encapsulated in neutrophile granulocytes, collagen fibers and
      foreign giant cells.

PMID- 380515
TI  - Rapid arthrodesis of the ankle joint via verticalisation of the joint space.
AB  - A technique of arthrodesis of the ankle joint under television control and with
      the aid of a special milling-cutter is presented. A bone graft is obtained from
      the ankle and turned in two planes, so that the joint space becomes vertical. The
      operation time is shortened to 8--10 min. After two weeks the patient can walk,
      in a walking-cast, weight-bearing. Bone fusion is obtained in 3--4 months. Thirty
      two cases were operated on, and in 30 a painless osseous fusion of the ankle, in
      a functional position was obtained. The technique is indicated only in cases in
      which, operatively, the foot can manually be reduced to a functional position.

PMID- 380514
TI  - Fresh immature articular cartilage allografts. A study on the integration of
      chondral and osteochondral grafts both in normal and in papain-treated knee
      joints of rabbits.
AB  - The integration of immature cartilage allografts to knee joints of both normal
      rabbits and those submitted to arthritis through papain was studied for a period
      of up to 9 months. Two types of grafts were compared: chondral--constituted only
      by cartilage, and osteochondral--cartilage plus a thin layer of subchondral bone.
      The integration of the grafts was analyzed through inspection of the articular
      surface and histologic sections. The viability of the grafts was checked through
      the incorporation of 35SO4 on the chondral matrix. The following conclusions were
      drawn: (1) A large member of the grafted cartilages were well accepted without
      histological evidence of immunological rejection, and metabolically active 9
      months after transplantation. (2) The chondral graft was found to be superior to
      the osteochondral one regarding the integration, but both showed tendency to
      degeneration with time. (3) The presence of arthritis previously induced by
      papain affected the integration of the grafts causing a higher precentage of
      degeneration on the grafts causing a higher precentage of degeneration on the
      grafted cartilage.

PMID- 380516
TI  - [Critical study on the operative treatment of scaphoidpseudarthrosis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - At first causes for the emergence of os naviculare non-union and therapeutical
      principles are discussed. The Matti-Russe operative procedure, after a thorough
      evaluation of all available possibilities, seems to be the method most
      preferable. Seemingly bad results most of the time occur due to technical errors
      and mistakes in selection of the transplant. Furthermore sources of error in
      placing the skin incision, in extirpation of the pseudarthrosis gap, in
      preparation of the graft bed and in styloidectomy are explained in detail.
      Recommendations for the post-operative management are presented.

PMID- 380518
TI  - Renal transplantation for end-stage myeloma kidney: report of a patient with long
      term survival.
AB  - A patient had prolonged survival after renal transplantation was performed for
      myeloma kidney. Continued function of the allograft without evidence of recurrent
      myelomatous involvement suggests that transplantation be considered for patients
      with multiple myeloma in whom renal failure constitutes the major problem.

PMID- 380517
TI  - [Oral contraception and multiple sclerosis].
AB  - The uncertain question of the use of oral contraceptives by women with multiple
      sclerosis is discussed. Reference is made to results observed in animals with
      experimentally induced allergic encephalitis subjected to oestroprogestin
      management. The course of M.S. during pregnancy is examined and the effects of
      blood lipid changes produced by oestrogens and progesterone, on the assumption
      that M.S. is due to a deficiency of unsaturated fatty acids. Lastly, attention is
      directed to interference with immunity, clotting, and platelet changes, these
      being factors in the spread off the disease. The data point to a protective role
      on the part of oestrogens, while the picture for progesterone is less conclusive.
      It would seem that these biological and immunological findings justify the use of
      oral contraceptives in subjects with M.S., though due caution is imposed by the
      absence of clinical and epidemiological data.

PMID- 380520
TI  - Adaptive liver growth induced by xenobiotic compounds: its nature and mechanism.

PMID- 380521
TI  - Physiological mechanisms of diethylstilbestrol organotropic carcinogenesis.
AB  - Treatment of pregnant women with diethylstilbestrol (DES) during pregnancy has
      been demonstrated to be associated with an increased risk in the female offspring
      for development of an otherwise very rare type of malignancy: clear-cell
      adenocarcinoma of the vagina and cervix. The present knowledge about this
      association is reviewed. In experimental animals, many different types of
      malignancy can be induced by DES administered in large doses and during long
      periods. For the human situation there are as yet no indications that exposure to
      DES during fetal life has resulted in any generally increased incidence of
      malignant tumors. By injecting neonatal mice with DES for the first five days
      after birth, histologically malignant changes develope in the uterine cervix of
      the animals when more than one year old. A comparison is made between this animal
      model and development of tumors in the human female offspring of DES treated
      mothers. In the female mice, neonatal DES treatment results in a disturbed
      epithelial differentiation process in the upper part of the vagina and the
      uterine cervix, a disturbed development of the hypothalamic-pituitary gland
      control system as well as a disturbance in the normal development of the lymphoid
      system. The abnormal epithelial differentiation process results in development of
      adenosis and within these areas the malignant changes later appear. We do no know
      whether adenosis is a pre-cancerous condition or not, in the meaning that it
      contains dormant malignant cells. Other factors could act upon adenosis to result
      in cancer. The reasons for DES being called a "carcinogen" are reviewed. The
      possibility for factors in the environment acting as potential transplacental
      carcinogens in the human fetus should not be excluded.

PMID- 380522
TI  - Diethylstilbestrol metabolic transformation in relation to organ specific tumor
      manifestation.
AB  - Oxidative biotransformation of the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES)
      gives rise to several reactive compounds. Two mechanisms are proposed concerning
      the possible involvement of reactive metabolites in the organotropic
      tumorigenesis of DES. The first mechanism suggests an affinity of the metabolite
      to the estradiol receptor present in estrogen target organs. This has been shown
      for the olefinic epoxide of DES. The second mechanism is based on the organ
      specific oxidation of DES by peroxidase. The intermediates of this reaction were
      found to bind to nucleic acid and protein in a manner characteristic of chemical
      carcinogens.

PMID- 380519
TI  - Evaluation of effects of sexual steroids on the hypothalamic-pituitary system of
      animals and man.
AB  - Specific neuroendocrine regulatory mechanisms in rats and mice are known to be
      involved in the development of pituitary tumours (prolactinomas) in systemic
      tolerance and carcinogenicity studies of oestrogens, certain progestagens and
      their combinations. However, the susceptibility of the strain used seems to be of
      decisive importance. High doses of oestrogens may also, in special cases,
      stimulate development of PRL cell hyperplasia and tumours in humans. In other
      species such as the hamster long-term treatment with oestrogens results in
      hyperplastic and neoplastic changes in MSH-producing cells of the pars intermedia
      of the pituitary gland. On the other hand, in the dog and monkey, steroid-related
      pituitary tumours were not observed, in spite of long-term treatment with high
      doses of oestrogens, progestagens and their combinations. The capability of
      certain progestagens to stimulate canine GH secretion seems to play a major role
      as mediator of the species-specific progestagen-induced changes (mammary tumours,
      diabetes- and acromegalic-like syndrome) in the beagle dog. These progestagens
      also seem to have, in addition to their antigonadotrophic properties, an
      inhibitory effect on CRH-ACTH and TRH-TSH activity in the beagle bitch. These
      effects can be demonstrated in both the hypothalamic-pituitary system and in the
      corresponding peripheral target organs. These findings in the dog were not
      comparable to the situation in other species including man. The extent to which
      all these results in different species are applicable to other species depends on
      whether their neuroendocrine control systems are qualitatively and/or
      quantitatively similar. The physiological significance of the different pituitary
      hormones, sensitivity of target organs as well as a certain genetic disposition
      in the different species should also be considered. All these factors can vary
      from species to species. From these facts, it can be easily appreciated that
      results of experiments on different species with a substance possessing the same
      quality of biological effect in these species (e.g., oestrogen, progestagen,
      etc.) can only be compared when the experimental procedure takes account of the
      effect of this substance on the neuroendocrine system of the different species,
      and when dosage, mode of administration and period of treatment are
      correspondingly matched to the physiological conditions of each species.

PMID- 380523
TI  - Role of neuroendocrine system in regulation of mammary tumors in different
      species.

PMID- 380524
TI  - [Production of injection replicas of microvessels for scanning electron
      microscopy using resin "PN-8"].
AB  - A method for obtaining injection replications of microvessels for scanning
      electron microscopy using nonsaturated polyether resin PH-8 is described.
      Possible applications of the method in question to study microcirculatory bed are
      discussed. With resine PH-8 it is possible to obtain complete and detailed
      replications which give information on three-dimensional organization both of the
      microcirculatory bed and of the vascular microrelief peculiarities.

PMID- 380525
TI  - [Simple method of demonstrating adrenergic nerve structures in human and animal
      tissues using a glyoxylic acid solution].
AB  - A method for obtaining injection replications of microvessels for scanning
      electron microscopy using nonsaturated polyether resin PH-8 is described.
      Possible applications of the method in question to study microcirculatory bed are
      discussed. With resine PH-8 it is possible to obtain complete and detailed
      replications which give information on three-dimensional organization both of the
      microcirculatory bed and of the vascular microrelief peculiarities.

PMID- 380526
TI  - [In memory of Vul'f Abramovich Ravvin].

PMID- 380529
TI  - [G.M. Mikhailov (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 380528
TI  - [History of the theory on the pathogenesis of primary hyperparathyroidism
      (parathyroid osteodystrophy)].

PMID- 380527
TI  - [Discovery of permanent, ever increasing significance (on the 140th anniversary
      of the cell theory)].

PMID- 380530
TI  - [Mitral commissurotomy: 30 years--review of the literature on the history of the
      surgical treatment of mitral stenosis].

PMID- 380532
TI  - Clinical specular microscopy and intraocular surgery.
AB  - Seventy patients were studied prospectively, using the clinical specular
      microscope, to compare and evaluate the effects on the corneal endothelium of
      routine intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE), ICCE with intraocular lens
      (IOL) implantation, phacoemulsification, and penetrating keratoplasty. Results
      showed a 6% cell loss after ICCE, 12% loss after IOL insertion, 14% after
      phacoemulsification, and 21% loss after penetrating keratoplasty. Both phakic and
      aphakic grafts had 21% cell loss. Within the aphakic keratoplasty group, there
      was a 10% cell loss in patients who maintained an intact vitreous face compared
      with a 26% cell loss in patients who underwent an anterior vitrectomy (P less
      than .1).

PMID- 380531
TI  - [Cryptococcosis of the central nervous system: evaluation of amphotericin-B, 5
      fluorocytosine and miconazole therapy in 18 cases].
AB  - Results obtained in the treatment of cryptococcosis of the central nervous system
      with amphotericin-B, 5-fluorocytosine and miconazole are evaluated. The
      evaluation is based upon 18 cases. Emphasis is given to data pertinent to aspects
      proper to 7 of them, submitted to chronic immunosuppressive treatment due to
      previous kidney transplantation. Side effects varied from case to case in the
      patients submitted to amphotericin-B and 5-fluorocytosine treatment. The
      intrathecal and the intraventricular administration of amphotericin-B was
      followed by complications of several types. Miconazole was used in one case. Its
      intravenous and its intrathecal administration did not provoke remarkable side
      effects.

PMID- 380535
TI  - Identification of CSF leakage by immunofixation.
AB  - The use of immunofixation for identification of the presence of CSF by
      demonstrating its two electrophoretically separate bands of transferrin has
      proved to be a valid and rather simple method, particularly when the samples
      obtained from the nose or ear are very small and contaminated.

PMID- 380534
TI  - Malignant lymphoma of the retina and brain. Initial diagnosis by cytologic
      examination of vitreous aspirate.
AB  - A case of malignant lymphoma reticulum cell sarcoma in a 42-year-old woman who
      had bilateral uveitis and vitreitis and neurologic manifestations is reported.
      The diagnosis was first established by cytologic examination of vitreous
      aspirate, which showed neoplastic cells consistent with malignant lymphoma and
      led to cancellation of a planned craniotomy for suspected intracranial tumor. The
      diagnosis was later confirmed postmortem by histopathologic examination of the
      eyes and brain. The role of cytologic examination of the vitreous in the
      diagnosis of malignant lymphoma is discussed briefly.

PMID- 380533
TI  - Refractive variation and donor tissue size in aphakic keratoplasty. A prospective
      randomized study.
AB  - Forty-six patients were examined in a prospective, randomized clinical study to
      compare the use of the same size trephine on both donor and recipient with the
      use of a 0.5-mm larger trephine on the donor in aphakic keratoplasty and in
      keratoplasty combined with lens extraction. The results showed no statistically
      significant difference in refractive error, either in spherical equivalents or in
      astigmatism. The larger donor tissue may have some value in reducing high plus
      refractive error and in reducing intraocular pressure after surgery.

PMID- 380536
TI  - An evaluation of BIS-GMA resin pit and fissure coatings.
AB  - A review of studies on the microleakage retention, durability, and cariostatic
      efficacy of BIS-MGA resin fissure sealants suggests that newly-erupted permanent
      molars benefit least but the benefit for premolars is consistently high. Problems
      arising in the assessment of the sealants in clinical trials are discussed.

PMID- 380537
TI  - Extending the range of composite resin in everyday practice.
AB  - Composite resins, coupled with an acid-etch technique, can provide simple
      solutions to otherwise complex restorative problems. A catalogue of these
      possibilities is presented.

PMID- 380540
TI  - Fansidar for falciparum malaria.

PMID- 380542
TI  - A technique of anastomosing bowel ends with discrepancy in size.
AB  - There have been only a few methods devised to solve the problem of discrepancy in
      size of the bowel ends for anastomosis. We describe another method to overcome
      this problem by using a one-layer open technique. For the posterior wall the
      anastomosis consists of a horizontal mattress suture on the larger end and a
      vertical mattress suture on the smaller end. For the anterior wall the Gambee
      suture is used.

PMID- 380539
TI  - Pregnancy and childbirth: is the doctor necessary?
AB  - The changing fashions in childbirth over the past 200 years are related to the
      present demand by women and their partners for "participatory" childbirth,
      including homebirth. The argument is advanced that doctors must be responsive to
      these changes. The opinion is made that home birth is currently inappropriate,
      but that hospitals should provide "birth centres"; and that obstetrics should be
      conducted by a "team", in which nurse-midwives and family doctors play as
      important a role as specialist obstetricians.

PMID- 380538
TI  - The incidence of osteo-arthritis of the temporomandibular joint in various
      cultures.
AB  - Three hundred and forty-eight cranial remains from Bronze and Iron Age British,
      Romano-British, Anglo-Saxon, Eastern Coast Australian aborigines, Medieval
      Christian Norse, Medieval Scarborough, 17--20th century British and German
      cultures, were examined for the presence of osteoarthritis in the
      temporomandibular joints. Cultures exposed to more stringent living conditions
      and with well-worn teeth had about twice the incidence of osteo-arthritis as the
      more sophisticated cultures. In general, loss of either molar support or occlusal
      imbalance were potent aetiological factors in this disease.

PMID- 380548
TI  - The Gordon Bell Memorial Lecture. Science and surgery.

PMID- 380543
TI  - The use of methylmethacrylate in the treatment of giant cell tumours of the
      proximal tibia.
AB  - Two cases of giant cell tumour of the proximal tibia are presented where the
      defect remaining after curettage has been filled with methylmethacrylate bone
      cement. The problems associated with the present management of giant cell tumours
      and the potential advantages of using methylmethacrylate are discussed.

PMID- 380544
TI  - The colonial career of James Patrick Murray.
AB  - This paper is a biographical sketch of Dr. Murray during the years 1860 to 1873
      when he lived in Victoria, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands. It records
      details of his career from his residency at the Melbourne Hospital followed by
      his exemplary conduct in the Howitt expedition to recover the remains of Burke
      and Wills. It traces his progress of degradation unhampered by constituted
      authority and concludes with his magnum opus--the greatest massacre of South Sea
      Islanders in the annals of the South Sea slave trade. He departed from the
      colonies still registered to practise medicine and without penalty or probation.
      This paper concludes with a brief summary of his personal qualities and asserts
      that it was these qualities, together perhaps with the discordance between the
      colonies, which allowed this knave to escape the penalty which he appeared amply
      to deserve.

PMID- 380550
TI  - A bibliography of Australian paediatrics. 1846-1900. Part III.

PMID- 380547
TI  - Chronic mucosal ulcerative colitis with malignant lymphoma: report of a case.
AB  - A CASE OF NON-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in association with longstanding mucosal
      ulcerative colitis is reported. The clinical course of the patient is described,
      and a review of previously reported patients is made.

PMID- 380549
TI  - Duchenne de Boulogne.

PMID- 380546
TI  - Orthopaedic problems of renal transplantation.
AB  - One in six patients receiving renal transplants has orthopaedic problems.
      Osteoporosis with accompanying fractures is common, as is avascular necrosis of
      the hips, knees, and other bones. Immunosuppressive therapy with steroids is
      implicated and its mode of action discussed. No means of prophylasix is known. If
      treated conservatively, aseptic necrosis of bone is much more disabling than is
      commonly believed as judged by the critical assessment technique of Charnley. The
      authors therefore recommend that a surgical approach should be adopted whenever
      possible.

PMID- 380551
TI  - Imerslund's syndrome. A case from Australia and review of the literature.

PMID- 380541
TI  - The year: 2000. The subject: CADAM plus--an introduction.

PMID- 380545
TI  - Low anterior resection.
AB  - A personal series of 93 patients treated by low anterior resection for carcinoma
      (87) and benign disease (6) is reviewed to highlight the technical problems and
      complications of the operation. The series comprises two groups for comparison of
      (i) technique of anstomosis; (ii) the use of protective stoma; and (iii) methods
      of drainage.

PMID- 380555
TI  - Brain mast cell numbers in the albino rat: sources variability.

PMID- 380554
TI  - Proteins S-100 and 14-3-2 in nerve cells of rats raised in enriched and
      improverished environments: distribution, quantification, and cell separation by
      surface antigens.

PMID- 380552
TI  - Hormonal therapy in the future: a kinetic problem.

PMID- 380553
TI  - The locus coeruleus in behavior regulation: evidence for behavior-specific versus
      general involvement.

PMID- 380556
TI  - Inflammation in schistosomiasis.
AB  - The inflammatory reactions that occur in schistosomiasis are reviewed. The
      inlammation is due to the migration of worms and eggs through the host's tissues
      via the vascular system. The greatest damage to the host is produced by the eggs
      which induce an extensive granulomatous inflammation in the intestine and liver.
      While the host modulates the course of the disease by developing a cell mediated
      immunity, ultimately the inflammation in the liver interferes with portal blood
      flow that may lead to portal hypertension, portal-systemic shunts and fatal
      hematemesis.

PMID- 380558
TI  - The fine structure of the microvasculature in inflammation.

PMID- 380557
TI  - Systemic Anaphylaxis.

PMID- 380560
TI  - Stereospecificity and mechanism of adenosylcobalamin-dependent diol dehydratase.
      Catalysis and inactivation with meso- and dl-2,3-butanediols as substrates.

PMID- 380559
TI  - The inflammatory response to endotoxins.
AB  - 1. Endotoxins are very potent and widely spread inflammation-inducing substances.
      2. In the course of local infections endotoxins represent one of the main
      principles of the pathogenicity of gram-negative bacteria by inducing acute
      nonspecific inflammation. 3. The pharmacological activities of endotoxins consist
      primarily in generating and liberating the classic mediators of acute nonspecific
      inflammation. 4. Endotoxins are able to enter into the circulation through their
      capicity to activate pharmacological mediators. 5. The endotoxic mediators which
      increase the permeability of the microcirculation of the intestinum enable
      endotoxins as components of the physiological intestinal flora to enter into the
      circulation; these induce systemic disease or shock depending on their
      concentration in the circulation. 6. In the course of chronic inflammation
      recidivism or recrudescence as trasient acute inflammatory outburst can be caused
      by local effects of endotoxins. 7. According to some recent observations the
      inflammation inducing capacity of endotoxins may promote the entry of aerobic
      bacteria into the blood stream which can result in mixed septicemia.

PMID- 380562
TI  - Hydrodynamic studies on the Escherichia coli 30S ribosomal subunits and 30S.IF-3
      complex.

PMID- 380563
TI  - S--vinyl homocysteine, an analog of ethionine that is highly mutagenic for S.
      typhimurium TA100.

PMID- 380565
TI  - Stimulation of respiration-linked proton efflux in Escherichia coli by
      carbonylcyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP).

PMID- 380564
TI  - Evidence for a role of specific isoacceptor species of tRNA in amino acid
      transport.

PMID- 380561
TI  - Altered regulation of insulin secretion in isolated islets of different sizes in
      aging rats.

PMID- 380568
TI  - Enhancing effect of magnesium ion on cell-free synthesis of read-through protein
      of bacteriophage Qbeta.

PMID- 380567
TI  - Sizes of two amino acyl-tRNA synthetase complexes from E. coli with their cognate
      tRNAs.

PMID- 380570
TI  - A porin activity of purified lambda-receptor protein from Escherichia coli in
      reconstituted vesicle membranes.

PMID- 380569
TI  - Uptake and release of calcium by microsomes of nonvascular smooth muscle.

PMID- 380566
TI  - Relaxed control of RNA synthesis during nutritional shiftdowns of hisU mutant of
      Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 380571
TI  - Inhibition of phagocytotic metabolic changes of leukocytes by an intracellular
      calcium-antagonist 8-(N,N-diethylamino)-octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate.

PMID- 380572
TI  - [Ethical and legal problems in first clinical trials of psychotropic drugs
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Starting with the relevant national and international guidelines and legal
      regulations for clinical trials and with the distinction of therapeutical
      experimentation, therapeutical trial ("Heilversuch") and standard therapy the
      following points are discussed: a) informed consent in psychically ill patients
      with restricted capacity for stress and for insight and consent, b) consequences
      for insurances, c) advice and control for the researcher regarding the design,
      the performance and the judgment of the results of clinical trials of
      psychotropic drugs.

PMID- 380574
TI  - The functional morphology of vascular and neuronal efferent connections of
      neuroendocrine systems.

PMID- 380573
TI  - [Principles and regulations for clinical pilot studies on psycholeptic drugs
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Some difficulties concerning the patient selection for psychopharmacological
      trials are described. Problems, decisive factors and methodological principles
      are discussed, especially the duration of clinical trials and the placebo
      problem.

PMID- 380575
TI  - Application of the morphine antagonist naloxone in psychic disorders.

PMID- 380576
TI  - [Problems in clinical testing of a psychotropic substance examplified by L-5-HTP
      ester (author's transl)].
AB  - An i.v. injectable form of the serotonin-precursor L-5-hydroxytyptophan (Ro 3
      5940) was investigated for its acute psychotropic effect. The difficulties are
      presented which had to be overcome as it was not known which effects could be
      expected. It was shown that for the intensive psychotropic effect found, it was
      not possible to use a long and detailed self-rating scale. The problem of
      informed consent is discussed.

PMID- 380577
TI  - [DL-phenylalanine as an antidepressant. Open study (author's transl)].
AB  - In an open study dl-phenylalanine in doses from 75--200 mg/day was administered
      to 20 depressed patients for 20 days. At the end of the trial 12 patients (8 with
      complete, 4 with good response) could be discharged without any further
      treatment. 4 patients with partially untypical depressions experienced mild to
      moderate responses, whereas 4 patients did not respond at all to the
      phenylalanine administration. Depressive "core symptoms" as depressed mood,
      retardation and/or agitation were preferentially, anxiety and sleep disturbances
      moderately and hypochondriasis and compulsiveness were not influenced. It is
      concluded that dl-phenylalanine might have substantial antidepressant properties
      and that further controlled investigations are justified.

PMID- 380578
TI  - [The use of TV-technique for a quantitative evaluation of the longitudinal
      psychopathological profile (author's transl)].
AB  - 19 depressed patients were treated with viloxazine (n = 9) or amitriptyline (n =
      10) in a double-blind trial. TV-tapes produced for each patient on day 0, 10 and
      20 were analyzed with respect to the global intensity of depression and to 4
      other verbal or averbal psychopathological parameters by 4 independent raters
      under the condition of a time-blind analysis. Global intensity of depression,
      prosodic, depressive contents of experience, and psychomotoric inhibition were
      found decreased between day 0 and day 10 for the viloxazine group, and between
      day 10 and day 20 for the amitriptyline-group. The accuracy of judgement of
      agitation was the lowest one.

PMID- 380580
TI  - [Multivariate investigation of reactions to tranquilizers dependent on
      personality variables (author's transl)].
AB  - 5 mg of diazepam as well as 2.5, 5, and 10 mg of a substance from the
      thienodiazepine series (Bay g 5653) were compared with a placebo, following a
      double-blind procedure. The 149 male student volunteers were classified into
      introverts and extraverts. For 17 test variables including subjective and
      physiological measures, as well as psychomotoric and cognitive achievement
      variables, a 2 x 5-factorial MANOVA was computed. Effects of medication and of
      interactions between introversion/extraversion and medication were highly
      significant. Correlations of test variables with composite scores indicated that
      medication effects could be shown best with objective tests, while the
      interactions between introversion/extraversion and medication could be shown
      better with subjective variables. Results were discussed together with those of
      an earlier univariate analysis of the data using emotional stability/lability as
      a personality variable.

PMID- 380579
TI  - [Synopsis of psychopathological, electroencephalographical, and pharmacokinetic
      variables during antidepressive treatment with viloxazine (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to achieve a more differentiated assessment of the profile and time
      course of treatment with a new antidepressant drug, several psychiatric,
      neurophysiological, and biochemical parameters were examined in a double-blind
      study (viloxazine versus amitriptyline). Special attention was directed to the
      use of a time-blind audiovisual technique. The TV technique allowed to
      demonstrate an earlier onset of the therapeutic effect under viloxazine, which is
      in good agreement with the cross-sectional and longitudinal profile of viloxazine
      as regards pharmacokinetics and EEG.

PMID- 380581
TI  - Pharmacological investigation on asclepin--a new cardenolide from Asclepias
      curassavica. Part II. Comparative studies on the inotropic and toxic effects of
      asclepin, g-strophantin, digoxin and digitoxin).
AB  - The cardiac effects of asclepin, a new glycoside from the plant Asclepias
      curassavica, were studies in vitro (isolated atrium and heart of guineapig) and
      in vivo (anaesthetized cat) and were compared with g-strophanthin, digoxin,
      digitoxin, or digitoxigenin, resp. Asclepin showed a marked positive inotropic
      effect as evidenced by the increase in the force of contraction, measured by
      (dp/dt)max and (formula: see text). It was found to be more active than the other
      glycosides.

PMID- 380583
TI  - [Dmitrii Sergeevich Ozeretskovskii (k 80-letiiu so dnia rozhdeniia)].

PMID- 380584
TI  - [Vadim Vladimirovich Mikheev (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 380585
TI  - [Il'ia zakharovich Vel'vovskii].

PMID- 380582
TI  - Effects of warfarin administration on the immune response of mice.
AB  - Administration of warfarin to mice is shown to have little effect on the humoral
      immune response of these animals to sheep red blood cells (a thymus dependent
      antigen) or the trinitrophenyl hapten coupled to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (a
      thymus independent antigen). The ability of low doses of sheep red blood cells to
      prime T-cells in vivo for helper activity in the in vitro antibody-forming
      response to trinitrophenyl coupled to sheep red blood cells is also apparently
      unaffected. By contrast, delayed hypersensitivity responses, measured by foot pad
      swelling, are significantly stimulated by administration of the drug.

PMID- 380586
TI  - [Pavel Markovich Al'perovich (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 380587
TI  - [Filipp Iosifovich Grudev (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 380588
TI  - [Vladimir Aleksandrovich Romasenko].

PMID- 380589
TI  - [Introduction of the smallpox vaccine in Puerto Rico, 1804].

PMID- 380590
TI  - [Dr. Ernani Agricola (1883-1978)].

PMID- 380591
TI  - [Prof. Antonio Carlos Pereira Filho (1905-1978)].

PMID- 380592
TI  - [Americo Marcelino de Freitas].

PMID- 380598
TI  - [Induction of filaments in Candida albicans in human serum (the morphogenesis of
      microcolonies)].

PMID- 380594
TI  - [Chickenpox, burns and grafts].
AB  - An outbreak of chickenpox that occurred at the Burns Repair Surgery Unit,
      Department of Children's Surgery, Hospital R. del Rio, between June and November,
      1975, is reported. 27 cases of burned children were studied, including analysis
      of correlations of the stages and outcome of the disease (varicela), the trauma
      (burns) and the graft (repair surgery). As a result, the authors emphasize the
      following findings: 1. Burns and their repair are not aggravating factors for
      varicella. In a small number of cases the exanthema looked more confluent in the
      graft surgical areas and in the first degree burns healing spontaneously. 2.
      Usually there was an uneventful outcome of graft repair surgery on a varicella
      patient, either during the incubation period, the acme or the convalescence. 3.
      The fact that the outmost intensity of secondary viremia of varicella occurs
      before the onset of exanthemia, that is, during the late incubation period, is
      confirmed.

PMID- 380597
TI  - [Hormonal induction of lactation in sheep. Effect of a brief treatment].

PMID- 380600
TI  - [Electrocardiographic diagnosis obtained with computer analysis].

PMID- 380593
TI  - [Treatment of true precocious puberty with medroxyprogesterone acetate].
AB  - The authors analyze the treatment of 16 female infants with true precocious
      puberty, ages ranging from 12 months to 9.5 years at the time of diagnosis, based
      on clinical and laboratory findings. All patients were treated with 150 to 300
      mg. every 15 to 20 days of injectable medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) for
      periods from 5 months to 6 years. The prognosis of the adult height was evaluated
      before and during MPA treatment using the following parameters: height velocity
      as a function of bone age (good response of 15 patients); height as a function of
      bone age (good response of 13 patients); developmental quotient (good response of
      14 patients), and adult height prognosis by the use of the tables of Bayley &
      Pinneau (good response of 8 out of 10 patients). The authors conclude that MPA
      treatment was effective in improving the prognosis of adult height in 14 out of
      16 patients of true precocious puberty.

PMID- 380599
TI  - Monitoring of macrophage activation by immunoadjuvants in mice as judged by
      functional criteria.

PMID- 380596
TI  - [Subdural empyema due to Salmonella typhimurium. Analysis of a case].
AB  - The case was that of an infant with congenital hydrocephalus who developed
      subdural empyema. The most outstanding items were, the age of the patient (18
      months), the identification of Salmonella typhimurium, a germ rarely described
      responsible for this pathology, the absence of anacrobe germs and the possible
      hematogenous dissemination from the digestive tract when the port of entry
      usually associated is the infection of the paranasal sinuses. The most useful
      method for study was the computerized axial tomography.

PMID- 380601
TI  - [Current views on Schilder's disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 380595
TI  - [Treatment of typhoid fever with chloramphenicol or ampicillin combined with
      oxyphenbutazone].
AB  - Ninety-four patients with typhoid fever were treated, at random, with three
      therapeutic regimens: chloramphenicol alone, chloramphenicol plus
      oxyphenbutazone, and ampicillin plus oxyphenbutazone. The results are evaluated
      analyzing the body temperature graph and by serial blood had bone marrow cultures
      taken at intervals until they became negative. Bacteriologic diagnosis was
      confirmed by blood culture (39.3%) and/or bone marrow culture (77%). The mean
      duration of fever was 3.3 days for the group treated with chloramphenicol
      oxyphenbutazone, 4.3 for those with chloramphenicol alone and 5 days for the
      group ampicillin-oxyphenbutazone; at the same time, blood cultures became
      negative at 4.4, 5.5 and 4.4 days respectively. Negativization of bone marrow
      cultures was not influenced by the addition of oxyphenbutazone. It is concluded
      that the influence of oxyphenbutazone in shortening the febrile period or in the
      negativization of blood cultures is not significant. It is considered that
      oxyphenbutazone is not an important therapeutic tool in this group of diseases.

PMID- 380602
TI  - The immediate denture.

PMID- 380603
TI  - Peter Griffin, L.D.S.

PMID- 380604
TI  - Sir Cecil Pembrey Grey Wakeley.

PMID- 380607
TI  - Arthur Morgan Jones.

PMID- 380611
TI  - Operative blood loss and the frequency of haemorrhage associated with
      adenotonsillectomy in children: a double-blind trial of ethamsylate.
AB  - One hundred children were allocated randomly to receive either ethamsylate
      (Dicynene) or a placebo before undergoing adenotonsillectomy. Blood loss at
      operation was estimated from the haemoglobin content of swabs and aspirated
      fluid. Mean blood loss in the ethamsylate-treated group was not significantly
      less than in the controls. The frequency of secondary haemorrhage was
      significantly less in children treated with ethamsylate (P less than 0.01). No
      side-effects were reported in either group.

PMID- 380608
TI  - Studies of drugs given before anaesthesia. XVII: anticholinergic premedicants.
AB  - The effects of premedication with the anticholinergic drugs atropine, hyoscine
      and glycopyrronium when administered by oral and i.m. routes have been evaluated
      in patients undergoing minor surgery and compared with a placebo using a double
      dummy double-blind technique. Although the mouths of those patients who received
      adequate doses of anticholinergic drugs were dry, subjectively and observed, as
      compared with those who received a placebo, the overall course of anaesthesia did
      not appear to be different. Of the three drugs atropine seemed to be absorbed
      best following oral administration. Equally effective oral and i.m. doses of
      atropine were considered to be 2.0 and 1.0 mg respectively; of hyoscine 1.0 and
      0.25--0.5 mg. The appropriate dose of glycopyrronium was 0.2 mg i.m. The routine
      use of anticholinergic drugs in preanaesthetic medication in minor surgery
      appears to be unnecessary.

PMID- 380609
TI  - Pharmacokinetic and clinical pharmacological studies with mepivacaine and
      prilocaine.
AB  - The tolerance and pharmacokinetic properties of mepivacaine and prilocaine were
      compared following i.v. infusion of 250 mg (0.88 and 0.97 mmol respectively) of
      each drug in five healthy volunteers. Side-effects were minor and occurred in
      only two subjects during the infusion of mepivacaine. Plasma concentrations of
      mepivacaine were greater in each subject than the corresponding values for
      prilocaine. The elimination half-life of mepivacaine was generally longer than
      that for prilocaine, whereas the total body clearance of prilocaine was
      consistently greater than the corresponding value for mepivacaine. For each
      subject the clearance of prilocaine substantially exceeded normal heptic blood
      flow and therefore an extra-hepatic site of metabolism of prilocaine has been
      postulated.

PMID- 380605
TI  - Coronary artery vasospasm: the likely immediated cause of acute myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - Features of infarction can be divided into two types--the spasmodic and the
      mechanical. The former (pre-infarct angina and emotional factors in infarction)
      seem readily explainable by spasm, and are similar to the findings in angina
      which prompted Heberden to consider angina as spasmodic. The mechanical features
      of infarction (association with thrombosis and arteriosclerosis, and severe and
      unremitting chest pain) seem to be the antithesis of spasm and probably account
      for the reluctance to consider spasm seriously in infarction. The injury
      vasospasm hypothesis of acute myocardial infarction explains both spasmodic and
      mechanical features. Spasm represents a dominance of vasoconstricting over
      vasodilating forces. Coronary sclerosis can result in both ischaemia
      (vasodilating) and ischaemic injury-spasm (vasoconstricting). The fight-flight
      component of the autonomic nervous system is considered to be vasodilating, and
      the conservation-withdrawal portion to be vasoconstricting. Once spasm occurs, a
      new balance of forces obtains which can lead either to vasodilatation and relief
      of symptoms or to infarction.

PMID- 380606
TI  - QT time in patients treated with alprenolol or placebo after myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - Studies were made on the effects of long-term beta-blockade on the QT interval in
      patients discharged alive from hospital after myocardial infarction. The patients
      (n = 230) in this study constituted all those who participated in the alprenolol
      study on postmyocardial patients in Goteborg, Sweden. The study was double-blind
      (alprenolol 200 mg b.i.d. or placebo) and randomised. The patients were divided
      into 4 risk groups (1-4) with different predicted mortality. The
      electrocardiograms before and after 8 weeks of treatment were analysed with
      respect to heart rate and QT time. There was a decrease in heart rate of about
      10% in the alprenolol treated patients. The QT time was not significantly
      influenced by alprenolol. The rate corrected QT time (QTc) decreased in the
      subgroup of the most severely diseased patients (subgroup 4) treated with
      alprenolol.

PMID- 380610
TI  - A comparison of the respiratory effects of meptazinol, pentazocine and morphine.
AB  - The respiratory effects of a new strong analgesic, meptazinol, were compared with
      a placebo and with equianalgesic doses of morphine and pentazocine in a double
      blind crossover trial in seven healthy volunteers. No significant change in the
      ventilatory response to rebreathing carbon dioxide was observed after meptazinol
      100 mg/70 kg or placebo. However, both morphine 10 mg/70 kg and pentazocine 60
      mg/70 kg depresesd the slope of the ventilatory response (-30.0% and -31.6%
      respectively, P less than 0.02, averaged over the first 3.5-h period). End-tidal
      carbon dioxide tension (PE'CO2) while breathing room air increased significantly
      following all three drugs. However, the increase in PE'CO2 after meptazinol (0.22
      kPa averaged over 3.5 h) was significantly less than that following morphine
      (0.40 kPa, P less than 0.05) and pentazocine (0.59 kPa, P less than 0.01). While
      breathing room air with a resistive inspiratory load of 8 kPa litre-1 s, PE'CO2
      again increased significantly (P less than 0.05) following all three drugs. The
      increase in PE'CO2 after meptazinol was then the same as that after morphine
      (0.51 kPa averaged over 3.5 h). The increase following pentazocine (0.80 kPa) was
      significantly greater than that after both morphine and meptazinol (P less than
      0.02).

PMID- 380612
TI  - Naloxone and acid-base balance in man.

PMID- 380614
TI  - Clofibrate and diabetes control in patients treated with oral hypoglycaemic
      agents.
AB  - 1. Twenty-two maturity-onset type diabetics treated with oral hypoglycaemic
      agents entered a single-blind crossover study using placebo (periods A and C, 2
      months each) and clofibrate (2 g/day; period B; 2 months). 2. In thirteen
      patients, under reasonably good control, clofibrate did not reduce fasting or
      post-prandial blood glucose, nor 24 h glycosuria; no improvement was noted in the
      M-value, an index of diabetes control. 3. In contrast, in nine patients, with
      poor diabetes control, clofibrate reduced 24 h glycosuria and significantly
      improved the M-value. 4. In all patients, clofibrate therapy was associated with
      a significant 19-23% reduction in plasma fibrinogen. 5. It is suggested that
      addition of clofibrate may be useful in maturity-onset diabetics not adequately
      controlled by diet combined with oral hypoglycaemic agents.

PMID- 380613
TI  - Non-invasive assessment of the effects of drugs on acute myocardial infarct size
      in man.

PMID- 380617
TI  - A trial of sublingual buprenorphine in cancer pain.
AB  - 1 Buprenorphine is a new antagonist analgesic which was offered sublingually to
      141 patients with moderate cancer pain as an alternative to their current
      analgesic. These patients were not on regular strong morphine-like analgesics. 2
      Forty-seven patients used the drug on demand in unit doses ranging from 0.15-0.8
      mg for an average of 12 weeks. A full-time nurse-observer was used throughout the
      studies. 3 Good analgesic results were obtained. Certain difficult chronic dull
      aching pains in the head and neck were especially helped by the drug. There was
      no indication of dependence or tolerance in this study. 4 The main side-effect
      was drowsiness which lessened with usage of the drug. A major advantage of the
      drug was the absence of constipation as a side-effect. 5 This sublingual
      preparation seems worthy of addition to the commercially available range of
      analgesics in clinical practice.

PMID- 380620
TI  - Alexander Fleming. A dedication on the 50th anniversary of the discovery of
      penicillin.

PMID- 380615
TI  - A comparison of the clinical and psychological effects of diazepam and
      amylobarbitone in anxious patients.
AB  - 1. Twenty-four anxious inpatients were treated with diazepam, amylobarbitone
      sodium and placebo in flexible dosage for 1 week. They each received all three
      treatments according to a fully-balanced design, using double-blind procedures.
      2. The clinical and the psychological effects of the drugs were assessed by the
      comprehensive battery of psychiatrist's ratings, subjective and psychological
      tests before treatment and at the end of each week of treatment. The tests
      included self-rating of anxiolytic and hypnotic effects, reaction-time, card
      sorting, coding and cancellation tasks, arithmetic and tappin. 3. Diazepam
      improved significantly subjective anxiety and insomnia, while amylobarbitone
      improved only the self-rated quality of sleep. Occasion effects were absent on
      clinical measures, indicating that the patients did not respond to non-specific
      temporal factors. Performance on motor tasks improved over time because of the
      expected practice effect, but an impairment relative to placebo was detected on
      two motor tests after the barbiturate and on four other tests with a cognitive
      component after the benzodiazepine.

PMID- 380619
TI  - Effects of high doses of a series of new luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      analogues in intact female rats.
AB  - A new series of LH-RH analogues containing an Azgly10 modification and having
      potent agonist properties were given in high concentration to intact female rats.
      Plasma LH and FSH were raised to extremely high levels after 14 days'
      administration of the compounds (5.0 and 0.5 microgram/rat twice daily), but
      plasma oestradiol concentrations were reduced to those in ovariectomized rats.
      The weights of the ovary and uterus were also markedly reduced, suggesting that
      these compounds are, on this treatment regime, producing the effects of chemical
      castration.

PMID- 380618
TI  - Anti-tumour activity of ICI 118630, a new potent luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone agonist.
AB  - Experiments were undertaken with DMBA-induced mammary tumours of the rat to
      determine the anti-tumour properties of a new and potent luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist, [D-Ser(But) 6Azgly10]-LH-RH (ICI 118630).
      Tumours were classified according to their oestrogen-receptor (ER) content. Twice
      daily i.m. injections of either 5 micrograms or 0.5 micrograms ICI 118630 in
      saline were as effective as ovariectomy or tamoxifen therapy in causing the
      regression of ER+ DMBA-induced mammary tumours. ER- mammary tumours showed a more
      equivocal overall response to ICI 118630, some tumours progressing, others
      regressing. About one-third of the ER+ tumours disappeared in the 20-day
      treatment period. Those tumours which did regrow after the cessation of treatment
      proved to be hormone-dependent. In addition to the inhibitory effects of the LH
      RH agonist on pre-existing tumours, ICI 118630 also reduced the total number of
      new tumours formed during and after treatment.

PMID- 380616
TI  - History and development of mixed opioid agonists, partial agonists and
      antagonists.
AB  - 1 A brief history of the development of narcotic antagonists is outlined. 2 The
      clinical and pharmacological observations leading to the discovery of dualism of
      opiate receptors are reviewed. 3 An extension of this theory to a three-receptor
      model (mu, kappa and sigma) is required to rationalize the pharmacology of the
      antagonists analgesics cyclazocine, pentazocine and nalorphine. 4 The
      methodologies available for the study of compounds with dual agonist-antagonist
      activity are discussed in the light of the above receptor multiplicity, and data
      appertaining to the kappa-partial agonist, nalorphine and the mu-partial agonist
      buprenorphine are outlined.

PMID- 380621
TI  - Prostacyclin activity in rat kidney stimulated by angiotensin II.
AB  - Prostacyclin (PGx, PG12) activity can be found in renal tissue as indicated by
      platelet aggregation inhibition. The activity of the medullary tissue in terms of
      wet weight is significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than that of cortex. The
      activity decreases with time and has almost entirely gone within 1 h. Boiling for
      30 s destroys the inhibitory effect of the prostacyclin on platelet aggregation.
      Angiotensin II is able to stimulate the prostacyclin availability of the tissue
      after incubation for 3 min. Addition of angiotensin II to platelet-rich plasma
      (PRP) has no significant effect on ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The
      spontaneous generation of prostacyclin as well as that stimulated by angiotensin
      II can be suppressed by previous incubation of the tissue with a prostaglandin
      synthetase inhibitor such as ketoprofen. Tissues which have only a small amount
      of basal release in buffer show an increased platelet aggregation inhibitory
      effect after addition to PRP. The difference between medulla and cortex is
      statistically significant. This different release of prostacyclin cannot be
      related to different endothelial surface area, because the endothelial surface in
      medulla and cortex is quite similar. It is suggested that prostacyclin has an
      important influence on the renal function. The different capacity of renal
      medulla and cortex in generation of prostacyclin could be of great importance for
      a fuller understanding of the physiology of renal function.

PMID- 380622
TI  - Procollagen synthesized by newborn rat skin in culture.
AB  - Newborn rat skin explants in culture have been found to synthesize and secrete
      into the medium a considerable amount of collagen precursors (procollagens). Gel
      electrophoresis analysis of the material extracted from the medium indicates that
      it is constituted mainly by procollagen Type I with a small percentage of
      procollagen Type III. Antibodies have been raised to the extracted procollagen
      and, although no attempt has been made to render these antibodies specific to one
      procollagen type by appropriate immunoadsorption, the immunofluorescence patterns
      that have been obtained are in good agreement with those reported on procollagen
      Type I by other groups. When unfixed cultured fibroblasts are examined by
      indirect immunofluorescence in the presence of the antiprocollagen antibody, a
      fluorescent network of interwoven fibres on the cell surface is observed which is
      similar to the network formed by fibronectin (LETS) on the fibroblasts' cell
      membranes.

PMID- 380623
TI  - Photochemotherapy for persistent palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) [proceedings].

PMID- 380624
TI  - Lack of effect of H2 blockade in chronic urticaria [proceedings].

PMID- 380626
TI  - Post-ovulation dermatosis.

PMID- 380625
TI  - An immunoperoxidase technique in light and electron microscopy in the evaluation
      of bullous disorders and lupus erythematosus [proceedings].

PMID- 380627
TI  - Hairy-cell leukaemia: a B-lymphocytic disorder.
AB  - Fifteen cases of histologically proven hairy-cell leukaemia (HCL) were studied
      with immunofluorescence, rosette, and phagocytosis techniques. Unfixed hairy
      cells (HC) bound all kinds of labelled antiserum; but after fixation with
      formaldehyde a much more selective binding was observed. In two cases no surface
      bound Ig was detected; four cases showed gamma and in nine cases two or three
      heavy chains were found, alpha and delta being the most frequent. Few cases were
      clearly positive for mu. The picture was invariably monoclonal with respect to
      light chains. Cytoplasmic Ig was present in only 3/15 cases; it was always IgM.
      HC did not form E-rosettes or react with a fluorescent anti-T cell antiserum. No
      EAIgMC-rosettes were formed. All cases showed Fc receptors, which were detected
      with EAIgG-rosettes (13/13) or with antigen-antibody complexes (6/6). The density
      of Fc receptors varied widely. Incubation with latex particles resulted in cell
      associated particles in 16-63% of the HC; with Staphylococcus epidermidis, the
      percentage was 2-36. After enzyme treatment (lysostaphin), however, no ingested
      bacteria were found, which suggests that HC are essentially non-phagocytic. At
      least 13 cases were therefore classified as B-cell malignancies.

PMID- 380629
TI  - Concentrations of the prostacyclin metabolite, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, in
      amniotic fluid during late pregnancy and labour.
AB  - Concentrations of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha, the stable
      metabolite of prostacyclin, PGI2) have been measured in amniotic fluid obtained
      during late pregnancy and labour. Samples taken at amniotomy during spontaneous
      labour contained a significantly greater concentration of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha than
      samples taken at amniotomy before the onset of labour (p less than 0.01). There
      was no correlation between the level of 6 keto-PGF1 alpha in amniotic fluid
      before labour and gestational age (p greater than 0.1). It is suggested that
      prostacyclin may have a functional role in the mechanism of parturition in man.

PMID- 380628
TI  - Abnormal peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow infiltration in non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - The blood lymphocytes of 21 normal blood specimens, 20 patients with various
      malignant disorders and 63 patients with non-Hodgkin's disease lymphoma, all with
      lymphocyte counts below 6 x 10(9)/l, were examined by sheep red cell rosetting,
      fluorescent antisera to surface immunoglobulin and for sensitivity to colchicine.
      The results were correlated with bone marrow infiltration and lymph node
      histological findings. The ratio of kappa to lambda light chains in the surface
      immunglobulin was used to determine if an abnormal clone of lymphocytes was
      present. In the normals and the non lymphoma controls the expected normal ratio
      of approximately 2K to 1 lambda was found with a narrow spread. In non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma cases there was a wide spread of ratios with half the cases outside the
      range of the controls. These cases were considered to have a clone of abnormal
      lymphocytes in the blood although their routine blood and differential counts
      were usually normal. There was a very significant correlation of the presence of
      a clone with ultrasensitivity to colchicine and with involvement of the bone
      marrow. 81% of the cases with a histological diagnosis of well-differentiated
      diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma, 64% of those with poorly differentiated diffuse but
      only 22% of those with diffuse histiocytic had an abnormal lymphocyte clone
      demonstrated by an abnormal K:lambda ratio.

PMID- 380630
TI  - Treatment of pruritus vulvae by multiple intradermal injections of alcohol. A
      double-blind study.
AB  - A double blind study is described in which 17 patients with intractable pruritus
      vulvae were treated by multiple intradermal injections of absolute alcohol. In
      each patient half the vulva was treated with alcohol whilst the other half was
      injected with water. Treatment with alcohol was significantly better than
      treatment with water (p less than 0.001).

PMID- 380631
TI  - A double-blind cross-over study of the effect of doxycycline on mycoplasma
      infection and infertility.
AB  - Forty-two couples in an infertility clinic were examined for genital infection
      with Mycoplasma hominis or Ureaplasma urealyticum (T strains). In 21 couples one
      or other partner was found to be infected; no chlamydiae, trichomonads, or
      gonococci were isolated from any of these couples. All patients were then
      included in a double-blind crossover doxycycline/placebo study lasting 8 months.
      Pregnancy was achieved in one of the 21 couples who were free of infection. Of
      the 21 couples who were infected, one achieved a pregnancy while still infected,
      and 19 lost their infection on doxycycline, of whom four achieved a pregnancy.
      These four pregnancies all occurred among the 10 couples who received doxycycline
      first. One further pregnancy occurred after the trial was over. Since 5 of the 7
      pregnancies occurred in the first 4 months of the trial, they were probably due
      to the psychological effect of treatment rather than the effect of the drug on
      infection.

PMID- 380632
TI  - Another eminent Victorian.

PMID- 380635
TI  - Some clinically observed phenomena in extended contact lens wear.
AB  - Two groups of volunteer subjects wearing extended-wear soft lenses were monitored
      over a period of 20 weeks. Of 6 factors measured only 1, corneal touch threshold,
      was found to show evidence of progressive change. However, a high incidence of
      lens surface deposits was encountered.

PMID- 380633
TI  - HLA and eye disease.
AB  - This review article discusses the evolution and function of the
      histocompatibility system, the nature of the HLA antigens and their
      classification, the phenomenon of linkage disequilibrium, and the mechanisms of
      HLA and disease susceptibility. The reported associations between HLA antigens
      and various eye diseases are analysed and their significance is discussed.
      Problems in designing studies on HLA and disease associations are highlighted and
      suitable statistical procedures for the analysis of the results are outlined.

PMID- 380636
TI  - Role of lacrimal scintigraphy and subtraction macrodacryocystography in the
      management of epiphora.
AB  - Fifty-one patients were investigated by subtraction macrodacryocystography
      (SMDCG, 103 systems) and by lacrimal scintigraphy (LS, 105 systems). It was found
      that these investigations complemented each other and between them the precise
      site of obstruction in the lacrimal drainage apparatus could be determined in
      80%. The radiation dosage to the lens in SMDCG significant, and it is therefore
      recommended that the patients with lacrimal obstruction should: (1) have lacrimal
      puncta dilated with a probe to No. 1 diameter and be forbstruction is still
      uncertain, then and only then should SMDCG be performed.

PMID- 380634
TI  - Nocardia asteroides keratitis.
AB  - Nocardia asteroides has been reported as the cause of keratitis in only 7 cases
      and of other ocular disease in another 12 cases. We report a case of N.
      asteroides keratitis that presented 3 weeks after rural trauma and progressed
      despite trials of appropriate antibiotics. Seven weeks after the origianl injury
      a successful conjunctival flap was placed over the cornea. The morphology and the
      sensitivity testing of N. asteroides to antibiotics appears necessary before
      reliable information can be obtained for clinical use. Moreover, our case did not
      show the relatively benign course of other reported cases of nocardia keratitis.

PMID- 380637
TI  - A new in vitro method for the estimation of digestibility using the intestinal
      fluid of the pig.

PMID- 380638
TI  - In vivo determination of body composition by tritium dilution in the rat.
AB  - Total body water was determined in vivo by tritium dilution in thirty-two male
      and female rats. Body water obtained by tritium dilution and body fat calculated
      from this value correlated significantly with body water and fat obtained by
      analysis (r 0.985, 0.855 respectively). There was no significant difference
      between values for fat assessed by the direct and indirect methods.

PMID- 380639
TI  - Nucleophile in the active site of Escherichia coli galactose-1-phosphate
      uridylyltransferase: degradation of the uridylyl-enzyme intermediate to N3
      phosphohistidine.
AB  - The [32P]uridylyl-enzyme intermediate form of Escherichia coli galactose-1-P
      uridylyltransferase can be converted to a [32P]phosphoryl-enzyme by first
      cleaving the ribosyl ring with NaIO4 and then heating at pH 10.5 and 50 degrees C
      for 1 h. After alkaline hydrolysis of the [32P]phosphoryl-enzyme the major
      radioactive product is N3-[32P]phosphohistidine. A lesser amount of 32Pi is also
      produced as a side product of the hydrolysis of N3-[32P]phosphohistidine. No N1
      phosphohistidine, N-phospholysine, or phosphoarginine can be detected in these
      hydrolysates. It is concluded that the nucleophile in galactose-1-P
      uridylyltransferase to which the uridylyl group is bonded in the uridylyl-enzyme
      intermediate is imidazole N3 of a histidine residue. This degradation procedure
      should have general applicability in the degradation and characterization of
      nucleotidyl-proteins.

PMID- 380640
TI  - Escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate dependent phosphotransferase system.
      Copurification of HPr and alpha 1-6 glucan.
AB  - A rapid, high-yield procedure has been developed for the purification of HPr from
      the Escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate dependent phosphotransferase system.
      During this procedure, the protein copurifies with a 2500-dalton
      homopolysaccharide which we have identified as alpha 1-6 glucan. The results of
      steady-state kinetic measurements of the phosphotransferase activity demonstrate
      that the polysaccharide works as an activator of the phosphotransferase system
      probably at the level of the HPr:P-E1 complex or the P-HPr:E11 complex.

PMID- 380642
TI  - Construction and characterization of pro alpha 1 collagen complementary
      deoxyribonucleic acid clones.

PMID- 380641
TI  - Potentiometric titrations and oxidation-reduction potentials of manganese and
      copper-zinc superoxide dismutases.
AB  - Bovine erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and two manganese-containing superoxide
      dismutases have been reduced by the indirect coulometric titration method with
      methylviologen as the mediator-titrant. On the basis of the titration data the
      manganese-containing superoxide dismutases contain 1 g-atom of metal per mol of
      enzyme (dimer). E0' = +0.31 V for the enzyme from Escherichia coli which exhibits
      a complicated pH dependence above neutral pH. The Bacillus stearothermophilus
      manganese-containing enzyme has an E0' = +0.26 V and delta Em/pH is 50 mV. Bovine
      erythrocyte superoxide dismutase exhibits anomalous behavior in the coulometric
      titration curves, which is indicative of two nonequivalent copper centers in the
      enzyme. Addition K3Fe(CN)6 or K2IrCl6 to the enzyme solution, prior to
      coulometric titration, indicates that these anions bind preferentially to one of
      the copper centers.

PMID- 380643
TI  - Effects of 5-fluorouracil on base modification in Escherichia coli tRNA.

PMID- 380645
TI  - Transcription of yeast mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid.

PMID- 380644
TI  - Proton nuclear magnetic resonance of minor nucleosides in yeast phenylalanine
      transfer ribonucleic acid. Conformational changes as a consequence of
      aminoacylation, removal of the Y base, and codon--anticodon interaction.
AB  - The assignments of the resonances of the methyl and methylene groups belonging to
      the residues dihydro-uridine-16 and -17 (C5 and C6), dimethylguanosine-26, N-2
      methylguanosine-10, and 7-methylguanosine-46 of yeast tRNAPhe at low temperature
      are reported. Observing the high-field proton NMR spectral region at different
      temperatures, the effects of aminoacylation, removal of the Y base, and codon
      anticodon interaction on the tertiary structure of yeast tRNAPhe were
      investigated. The following are the results of this study. (1) The two
      dihydrouridine residues of tRNAPhe have different environments in aqueous
      solution: dihydro-uridine-16 is more shielded than dihydrouridine-17. (2) The
      ribothymidine residue from the fragment (47--76) of yeast tRNAPhe and from a tRNA
      with a partially disrupted structure exhibits multiple conformations arising from
      different stacking modes between the ribothymidine-54 and the guanosine-53
      residue. (3) Upon aminoacylation the type of guanosine-53 interaction with
      ribothymidine-54 in the tRNAPhe changes. (4) Removal of the Y base from the
      anticodon loop of yeast tRNAPhe weakens the thermal stability of the tertiary
      interactions. (5) The interaction of two complementary anticodons in the absence
      of proteins and of ribosomes results in stabilization of the tertiary structure.
      Codon-anticodon interaction dependent rearrangement of the tertiary structure of
      yeast tRNAPhe was not observed. The spin-lattice relaxation times of the methyl
      and methylene groups of the minor nucleosides in yeast tRNAPhe demonstrate that
      the minor nucleosides undergo rotational reorientation (tau c) in the nano-second
      range. The observed differences in these tau c values indicate a similarity of
      structure of tRNAPhe in solution and in crystalline form.

PMID- 380647
TI  - Spectroscopic studies of specifically deuterium labeled membrane systems. Nuclear
      magnetic resonance investigation of protein--lipid interactions in Escherichia
      coli membranes.

PMID- 380646
TI  - Reversible modification of Escherichia coli ribosomes with 2,3-dimethylmaleic
      anhydride. A new method to obtain protein-deficient ribosomal particles.
AB  - Treatment of Escherichia coli ribosomes with the protein reagent 2,3
      dimethylmaleic anhydride is accompanied by inactivation of polypeptide
      polymerization and by dissociation of ribosomal proteins. Regeneration of the
      modified amino groups at pH 6.0 is followed by reactivation and reconstitution of
      the ribosomes. Prior to regeneration of the amino groups, ribosomal particles and
      split proteins can be separated by centrifugation, which allows the preparation
      of new protein-deficient particles. The ribosomal particles obtained by three
      successive treatments with 2,3-dimethyl-maleic anhydride at a molar ratio of
      reagent to ribosome equal to 16,000 lack proteins S1, S2, S3, S5, S10, S13, S14,
      L7, L8, L10, L11, L12, and L20 and have lost part of proteins S4, L1, L6, L16,
      and L25. This new procedure to obtain protein-deficient ribosomal particles is
      mild and might be useful to dissociate other protein-containing structures in
      addition to ribosomes.

PMID- 380650
TI  - Isolation of mutants of Escherichia coli uncoupled in oxidative phosphorylation
      using hypersensitivity to streptomycin.
AB  - Mutants of Escherichia coli, harbouring the uncA401 or uncB402 alleles, were
      found to take up streptomycin more rapidly than the coupled parent strains. The
      increased rate of uptake results in greater sensitivity of the uncoupled strains,
      compared to the parent strains, to low concentrations of streptomycin. Studies
      with unc+ revertants showed that hypersensitivity to streptomycin is attributable
      to the mutation causing uncoupling. The uptake of streptomycin in an unc- strain
      is abolished by addition of the chemical uncoupler carbonylcyanide m
      chlorophenylhydrazone. The phenotype of hypersensitivity to streptomycin can be
      used as a selection procedure for the isolation of uncoupled strains. In an
      experiment reported here, nine out of 12 strains isolated as being sensitive to
      streptomycin (at 2.5 micrograms/ml), were found to be unable to grow on succinate
      as a sole source of carbon. Five of the nine Suc- strains were found to be
      uncoupled in oxidative phosphorylation, and two of the five uncoupled strains
      lacked Mg2+-ATPase activity. The mutations causing uncoupling were cotransducible
      with the ilv genes.

PMID- 380649
TI  - Localization and characterization of cytochromes from membrane vesicles of
      Escherichia coli K-12 grown in anaerobiosis with nitrate.
AB  - Cytochromes b of anaerobically nitrate-grown Escherichia coli cells are analysed.
      Ascorbate phenazine methosulfate distinguishes low and high potential cytochromes
      b. Reduction kinetics performed at 559 nm presents a very complex pattern which
      can be analysed assuming that at least four b-type cytochromes are present. The
      electron transport chain from formate to oxygen would contain a low potential
      cytochrome b-556, a cytochrome b-558 associated to the oxidase, and a cytochrome
      d as the principle oxidase. Cytochrome o is also present, but seems to be
      functional only at low oxygen concentrations. A cytochrome b-556 associated to
      nitrate reductase is shown to belong to a branch of the formate-oxidase chain. 2
      N-Heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide affects the reduction kinetics in a very
      complex way. One inhibition site is in evidence between cytochrome b-558 and
      cytochrome d; another between the cytochrome associated to nitrate reductase and
      the nitrate reductase. A third inhibition site is located in the common part of
      the formate-nitrate and the formate-oxidase systems. Ascorbate phenazine
      methosulfate is shown to donate electrons near cytochrome b-558.

PMID- 380651
TI  - Platelet-derived growth factor and the regulation of the mammalian fibroblast
      cell cycle.

PMID- 380648
TI  - Cyclopropane fatty acid synthase of Escherichia coli. Stabilization,
      purification, and interaction with phospholipid vesicles.
AB  - The cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) synthase of Escherichia coli catalyzes the
      methylenation of the unsaturated moieties of phospholipids in a phospholipid
      bilayer. The methylene donor is S-adenosyl-L-methionine. The enzyme is loosely
      associated with the inner membrane of the bacterium and binds to and is
      stabilized by phospholipid vesicles. The enzyme has been purified over 500-fold
      by flotation with phospholipid vesicles and appears to be a monomeric protein
      having a molecular weight of about 90 000. The enzyme binds only to vesicles of
      phospholipids which contain either unsaturated or cyclopropane fatty acid
      moieties. CFA synthase is active on phosphatidylglycerol,
      phosphatidylethanolamine, and cardiolipin, the major phospholipids of E. coli,
      and also has some activity on phosphatidylcholine. The enzyme is equally active
      on phospholipid vesicles in the ordered or the disordered states of the lipid
      phase transition. Studies with a reagent that reacts only with the
      phosphatidylethanolamine molecules of the outer leaflet of a phospholipid bilayer
      indicate that CFA synthase reacts with phosphatidylethanolamine molecules of both
      the outer and the inner leaflets of phospholipid vesicles.

PMID- 380653
TI  - A comparison of cell replacement in bone marrow, testis and three regions of
      surface epithelium.

PMID- 380652
TI  - Developmental gene expression in cancer.

PMID- 380654
TI  - Assays for the fidelity of DNA polymerases in cell-free extracts of Escherichia
      coli are complicated by contaminating nucleoside triphosphatases.
AB  - In the presence of DNA and a divalent cation, an enzyme activity in cell-free
      extracts of Escherichia coli readily hydrolyses dATP to dADP. dGTP is degraded to
      a smaller extent, dCTP and dTTP being hardly affected. The artificial template
      primers poly(dC) . oligo(dG) and poly(dT) . oligo(dA) are also effective
      cofactors for this triphosphatase activity. As a consequence, assays measuring
      the misincorporation, by cell-free extracts, of dATP and dGTP into these defined
      templates are difficult to interpret, since the triphosphate substrate is being
      rapidly degraded during the polymerase reaction. A partial characterization of
      the dATPase activity was performed, demonstrating that the optimal conditions for
      its activity resemble those commonly used for assaying polymerase activity. Thus
      in crude extracts both polymerase and dATPase compete for the same substrate. The
      inclusion of an ATP-generating system in the reaction mixture maintains the
      levels of deoxynucleoside triphosphates and changes the kinetics of
      misincorporation of dAMP into poly(dC) . oligo(dG). No reproducible difference in
      such misincorporation has been found between lysates prepared from tif-1 cells
      grown at either permissive or restrictive temperature.

PMID- 380655
TI  - Binding sites for ribosomal proteins S8 and S15 in the 16 S RNA of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - A fragment of the 16 S ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli that contains the
      binding sites for proteins S8 and S15 of the 30 S ribosomal subunit has been
      isolated and characterized. The RNA fragment, which sediments as 5 S, was
      partially protected from pancreatic RNAase digestion when S15 alone, or S8 and
      S15 together, were bound to the 16 S RNA. Purified 5 S RNA was shown to
      reassociate specifically with protein S15 by analysis of binding stoichiometry.
      Although interaction between the fragment and protein S8 alone could not be
      detected, the 5 S RNA selectively bound both S8 and S15 when incubated with an
      unfractionated mixture of 30-S subunit proteins. Nucleotide sequence analysis
      demonstrated that the 5 S RNA arises from the middle of the 16 S RNA molecule and
      encompasses approximately 150 residues from Sections C, C'1 and C'2. Section C
      consists of a long hairpin loop with an extensively hydrogen-bonded stem and is
      contiguous with Section C'1. Sections C'1 and C'2, although not contiguous, are
      highly complementary and it is likely that together they comprise the base-paired
      stem of an adjacent loop.

PMID- 380656
TI  - [75th anniversary of the birth of Academician G. M. Frank].

PMID- 380657
TI  - Quantitative data on the Bombyx mori L. silkworm: a review.
AB  - This paper summarizes a variety of quantitative data on the silkworm Bombyx mori,
      collected in the literature, to help building models on silk gland
      differentiation. The properites of the silk gland and their changes especially
      during the last larval instar have been reviewed (size, DNA, RNA amino acids,
      enzymes). The components of the silk (fibroin and sericin) are also studied
      (molecular weight, composition). Thus translation and transcription rates have
      been estimated. The relevant data on the fat body and the haemolymph are also
      given, as well as some characteristics of the oocyte/egg system.

PMID- 380660
TI  - [Isolation and properties of DNA-cytosine-methyltransferase EcoRII and E. coli
      K12].
AB  - The methods of isolation and partial purification of two DNA-cytosine-methylases
      (DC-methylases) EcoRII and E. coli K12 are described. After chromatography on
      phosphocellulose the enzymes were purified 100-fold, the yield being 30%. Further
      purification of the enzymes was performed by sedimentation in a sucrose
      concentration gradient. Both enzymes have native molecular weights of 50,000; DC
      methylase from E. coli K12 may simultaneously occur in the forms with molecular
      weights of 70,000, 90,000 and 110,000. Both DC-methylases modify identical
      nucleotide sequences of DNA, have equal numbers (90) of methylation sites in
      phage lambda DNA and provide in vitro a complete protection of phage lambda DNA
      against restriction endonuclease EcoRII. DC-methylases E. Coli K12 and EcoRII
      differ in their chromatographic behaviour on phosphocellulose and capacity to
      form compexes with the cell DNA-adenine-methylase.

PMID- 380658
TI  - Heart rate and blood pressure biofeedback: I. A review of the recent experimental
      literature.
AB  - The experimental literature on the use of biofeedback with heart rate and blood
      pressure, published since 1972, was reviewed and summarized along several
      dimensions: magnitude of change, effects of extended training, type of feedback,
      temporal feedback factors, motivational factors, instructional effects,
      individual differences, and the mediation/specificity issue. The research on
      biofeedback and heart rate was found to be fairly well developed.  Research on
      biofeedback and blood pressure, however, was found to be much less advanced.
      Moreover, most of the studies were done with hypertensive subjects.

PMID- 380659
TI  - Immunohistochemical study of crystallin synthesis during morphogenesis of the
      crystalline lens in mice.
AB  - Using indirect immunofluorescence, the sequence of the synthesis of various
      classes of crystallins during normal morphogenesis of the crystalline lens in
      mice was shown: The alpha- begin to be synthesized first, then the gamma-, and
      finally the beta-crystallins. Using mice with hereditary anophthalmia (genotype
      ey-1/ey-1 ey-2/ey-2) permitted it to be established that the synthesis of alpha
      crystallins occurs even when there is no morphogenesis of the crystalline lens.
      In mice of this genotype, the lens placode, which is reduced as compared to the
      norm, is resorbed as a rule, and does not develop into the crystalline lens
      vesicle. Separate cells containing alpha-crystallins were found in cranial
      epithelium on serial cross sections of the eye area of 13-day-old mutant embryos.
      Consequently, in ey-1/ey-1 ey-2/ey-2 embryos, alpha-crystallin synthesis takes
      place even in cells of the resorbed lens placode after brief inducing influence
      of the optic vesicle. As opposed to alpha-crystallins, synthesis of gamma- and
      beta-crystallins is detected only when lens fibers have formed. This is
      characteristic for embryos of ey-1/ey-1 ey-2/ey-2 genotype, as well as for mouse
      embryos homozygous for the fi gene. Data of the present work indicate that the
      inducing influence of the optic vesicle is necessary for activation of the genes
      controlling alpha-crystallin synthesis, while the influence of the retinal
      rudiment is necessary for derepression of the genes for gamma- and beta
      crystallin synthesis.

PMID- 380661
TI  - [Steady-state kinetics of reactions catalyzed by serine sulfhydrases of
      Saccharomyces serevisiae].
AB  - The steady-state kinetics of the two substrate reaction of L-cysteine desulfation
      in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol catalyzed by serine sulfhydrase from bakers
      yeast -- a pyridoxal phosphate-containing enzyme of the beta -- substituting
      lyase type -- were studied. Highly purified enzyme preparations (approximately
      90% purity) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with specific activity of 25 mumoles of
      H2S per 1 hr per mg of protein were used. The values of V, KS1, KS2 and alpha
      were calculated from the initial rates of the reaction under constant
      concentration of L-cysteine (S1) and variable concentration of 2-mercaptoethanol
      (S2) and vice versa. The data obtained suggest that under conditions of a two
      substrate reaction catalyzed by serine sulfhydrase and in case of beta
      cyanoalanine synthase of blue lupin the substrate binding to the enzyme is
      interdependent and obeys a unordered mechanism with o formation of a ternary
      aminosubstrate-pyridoxal phosphateenzyme-cosubstrate complex (alpha = 2.6).

PMID- 380662
TI  - [Modification of the alpha-subunit of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli
      MRE-600 with N-chlorambucilyl-phenylalanyl-tRNA].
AB  - L-Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli MRE-600 (EC 6.1.1.20) was alkylated
      with N-chlorambucilyl-[14C] phenylalanyl-tRNA. After removal of the affinity
      reagent tRNA moiety bp alkaline hydrolysis of the ester bond between the N
      chlorambucilyl-phenylalanyl residue and the 3'-end of tRNA, The enzyme was
      dissociated into subunits in the presence of SDS. Separation of the subunits was
      performed by SDS electrophoresis. The bulk of the radioactivity of the N
      chlorambucilyl-[14C] phenylalanyl residue was found at the position of the alpha
      subunit of the enzyme. The results obtained are consistent with a specific
      binding of the phenylalanyl-tRNA analog to the alpha-subunit of the enzyme
      followed by covalent binding of the N-chlorambucilyl-phenylalanyl moiety to the
      protein.

PMID- 380663
TI  - [Quantitative spectrophotometric determination of non-identified nucleotides in
      DNA].
AB  - A method for calculation of molar extinction coefficients (epsilon) and for
      quantitative spectrophotometric determination of non-identified nucleotide
      analogs from nucleic acids of some bacteriophages is proposed. The method is
      based on spectral properties of known and unknown nucleotides and of their
      dinucleotide isolated from the DNA studied.

PMID- 380664
TI  - [Reconstruction of native bakers' yeast inorganic pyrophosphatase from its
      subunits].
AB  - The subunits of inorganic pyrophosphatase were obtained both in the presence of 4
      or 6 M Gu--HCl and in an alkaline medium at pH 10.5. The reassociation of the
      subunits into an active dimeric form was carried out using dialysis. After
      reconstruction the enzyme exhibits the same activity as does native
      pyrophosphatase.

PMID- 380665
TI  - [Substrate thermostabilization of soluble and immobilized glucoamylase].
AB  - A new kinetic approach to the study of enzyme thermal inactivation in the
      presence of a substrate, which influences the rate of inactivation has been
      developed. The method was applied to investigation of inactivation kinetics of
      soluble and porous silica-immobilized glucoamylase. It was found that the binding
      of a substrate (maltose or maltodextrines Star-Dri 24-R) increases the thermal
      stability of glucoamylase, the stabilizing effect being more pronounced in the
      case of the soluble enzyme (40-fold stabilization) as compared to the immobilized
      one (15-fold stabilization). The stabilizing effect does not depend on the length
      of the substrate (maltose, d. p. 2 or dextrines, d. p. 7). Glucose, a product of
      the enzymatic hydrolysis, has a much lower stabilizing effect. It was concluded
      that the main role in the glucoamylase thermostabilization is played by the
      substrate stabilization rather than by the immobilization itself (3-fold
      stabilization). However, a combined effect of thermostabilization of glucoamylase
      due to both immobilization and/or substrate stabilization is restricted by the
      same limit of value for immobilized and soluble enzymes, which is equal to 40--50
      fold in comparison with the soluble enzyme in the absence of the substrate.

PMID- 380666
TI  - [Simple methods of preserving microorganisms].

PMID- 380667
TI  - [Antibiotic study at Moscow University].

PMID- 380668
TI  - Implantology for correction of cranio-facial defects with an elastomer composite
      and bone.
AB  - The correction of cranio-facial disfigurement in the upper part of the face is
      the most difficult to achieve. Various materials have been utilized and are still
      in use. Each has advantages and disadvantages. Autogenous bone has been used with
      good results, except for the unacceptable irregularities of the forehead and
      upper orbital region. The combination graft offers the advantages of both: the
      bone graft will be in contact with the dura, the periorbita and the contaminated
      sinuses. The polyrane implant produces a smooth and contoured forehead and
      immediately protects the vital structures during osteoneogenesis. Twenty-six
      selected patients had this technique used to correct their deformity without any
      incidence of major complication.

PMID- 380669
TI  - Design and materials evaluation for a dental implant system: carbon coated tooth
      replicas.
AB  - 32 carbon coated tooth replicas were implanted in the jaws of 8 mongrel dogs for
      periods ranging from 3 months to 2 years. Fourteen of 16 molor implants and 10 of
      16 premolar implants had 0.5 min. of mobility or less. Histology of specimens
      from 4 dogs sacrificed at 3 months showed new bone directly in contact with the
      implant surface.

PMID- 380671
TI  - [Wilhelm Bernhard (1920-1978)].

PMID- 380670
TI  - Bone maintenance: implant versus transplant.
AB  - Bone maintenance based on various attachment mechanisms is the key to tooth-root
      replacement safety and efficacy. The dental implant has broad applicability based
      on design, but demonstrates progressive peri-implant bone loss. The allogeneic
      tooth transplant, significantly less applicable because of size, is antigenic and
      rejected by bone-replacement root resorption. Since the predictability and
      survival times of these implant and transplant modalities are similar and there
      is less residual bone loss with the transplant, it is suggested that for clinical
      situations such as the fresh extraction socket, where there is room, the
      allotransplant, rather than implant, is the root-replacement of choice.

PMID- 380672
TI  - A rotational diffusion coefficient of the 70S ribosome determined by depolarized
      laser light scattering.
AB  - We have obtained a rotational diffusion coefficient of the 70S ribosome isolated
      from Escherichia-coli (MRE-600), from the depolarized light scattering spectrum
      measured by photon correlation spectroscopy. The intensity correlation function
      of depolarized scattered light contains contributions due to multiple scattered
      and anisotropy scattered light from the ribosomal particle. We discuss
      extensively the subtraction procedure used to obtain the rotational correlation
      from the time from the experimental correlation function. We have also obtained
      the translational diffusion coefficient from the same sample by determining the
      polarized correlation function. The hydrodynamic radius determined from the
      rotational diffusion coefficient is only slightly larger than the radius obtained
      from the translational diffusion coefficient. Therefore the ribosomal particle
      has a non-spherical shape. This conclusion, however, could be impaired by the
      effect of free draining of the ribosome.

PMID- 380673
TI  - Relaxation kinetics of E. coli ribosomes: evidence for the reaction of 30S . IF3
      complex with 50S ribosomal subunits.
AB  - Addition of initiation factor IF3 to solutions of E. coli ribosomes dramatically
      alters their behavior in pressure-jump relaxation kinetic experiments in which 90
      degrees light-scattering is used to monitor the macromolecular reaction. The
      effect of IF3 on relaxation processes attributed to "tight" couples is strongly
      dependent on the Mg2+ concentration. At 2.5 mM Mg2+, addition of 1 molar
      equivalent of IF3 decreases the relaxation amplitude by a factor of 3 relative to
      ribosome solutions without IF3. However, at 5.0 mM Mg2+, addition of 1 molar
      equivalent of IF3 produces a marked increase in the relaxation amplitude, by a
      factor of 2-8 fold relative to ribosomes in the absence of IF3. IF3 has no effect
      on the relaxation process attributed to "loose" couples at 10 mM Mg2+. While we
      are unable to propose a precise mechanism for IF3 action with the data on hand,
      our results require that the 30S . IF3 complex either reacts with the 50S
      subunit, forming a 70S . IF3 intermediate, or acts as a pool of reactive 30S
      subunit. Further kinetic evidence is required to distinguish between these
      possible pathways.

PMID- 380674
TI  - The one-dimensional diffusion coefficient of proteins absorbed on DNA.
      Hydrodynamic considerations.

PMID- 380675
TI  - Genetic counseling, medical genetics and theoretical genetics: an historical
      overview.

PMID- 380676
TI  - 18. Professional identification: issues in licensing and certification.

PMID- 380677
TI  - Introduction: the development of genetic counseling.

PMID- 380678
TI  - Our load of central nervous system malformations.

PMID- 380679
TI  - Approaches to the prevention of congenital malformations of the central nervous
      system.

PMID- 380681
TI  - Scanning electron microscope studies of central nervous system development.

PMID- 380680
TI  - Current concepts of the etiology of central nervous system malformations.
AB  - We have seen that what must be applied to dysmorphology is the doctrine of
      multifactorial causality, ie dysmorphogenetic events have both genetic and
      nongenetic etiologic components to varying degrees. Complicating matters is the
      extent to which there is etiologic and/or mechanistic heterogeneity (Fig. 1).
      This is nicely illustrated by the holoprosencephaly anomaly. In addition, there
      are numerous CNS malformations that have major single gene, chromosomal, or
      environmental initiating agents of malformation mechanisms. Still a mystery is
      the common neural tube malformations. It is now clear that the
      "multifactorial/threshold" model is an inadequate explanation of the observed
      data and until the etiologic heterogeneity of these malformations is clearly
      defined, our knowledge remains primarily empiric. A potential area of fruitful
      investigation is likely to be the identification of maternal genotypes which do
      not allow detoxification of potential environmental teratogens.

PMID- 380682
TI  - Are there human analogs of the mouse T locus in central nervous system
      malformations?

PMID- 380684
TI  - [Method of culturing amniotic fluid cells].
AB  - The influence of pregnancy term and the concentration of cell suspension,
      introduced into culture, on the growth of amniotic fluid cells have been studied
      on 29 specimens. Optimum term of amniotic fluid cells sampling for the best
      growth was 17 weeks of pregnancy. It is recommended to take into account the
      concentration of cell suspension in the amniotic fluid before introducing the
      cells into the culture depending on pregnancy terms.

PMID- 380683
TI  - [Detection of B-cell antigen on the blast cells in chronic myeloid leukemia].
AB  - The presence of the common antigen on B lymphocytes of healthy donors and
      myeloblasts of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in blastic crisis was
      observed with antimyeloblastic serum in the indirect surface immunofluorescence
      test. The cytotoxic test showed this antigen in the blastic cells in 27 out of 57
      patients with CML BC, in 3 of 11 patients with acute lymphoid leukemia, in 1 of 8
      patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia and in 2 of 2 patients with
      undifferentiated leukemia. The antigen was not found in the peripheral blood
      cells of healthy donors.

PMID- 380685
TI  - [Effect of GABA-ergic substances on the analgesic effect of morphine in rats].
AB  - The effect of GABA-ergic compounds on morphine-induced analgesia was studied to
      reveal probable interaction of GABA and opiates. As an index for morphine effect
      the reaction of vocalization in response to electrical stimulation of the rat
      tail was used. It was shown that thiosemicarbazide, the inhibitor of glutamate
      decarboxylase and bicuculline, GABA-ergic receptor blocking agent, which were
      proposed to be joined in a group of GABA-negative compounds, reduce and shorten
      the effect of morphine. Depakine, the inhibitor of alpha-ketoglutarate-GABA
      transaminase, as well as GABA itself administered in high doses (GABA-positive
      actions) make morphine analgesia more pronounced and longer. Probable causes of
      the described interrelationship between GABA and opiates are discussed.

PMID- 380686
TI  - [Cytophilic immunoglobulins on the surface of neutrophilic granulocytes in mice
      perorally immunized with a live vaccine made from the supressor revertant S.
      typhimurium Rev 8].
AB  - The reaction of the spleen cell migration inhibition in the presence of
      monospecific antisera against mouse G, A and M immunoglobulins was used to detect
      cytophilic antibodies on the surface of mouse granulocytes. The oral
      administration of ACR live vaccine from suppressor revertant Salmonella
      typhimurium Rev. 8 protected the mice against infection induced by virulent
      species of mouse. Salmonella typhimurium. The immunized mice showed an increase
      in cytophilic IgG on the surface of neutrophile granulocytes.

PMID- 380687
TI  - [Comparative study of rosette and plaque formation in rats infected with
      Mycoplasma arthritidis and Acholeplasma laidlawii].
AB  - M. arthritidis suppresses rosette- and plaque-formation in rats infected with
      this strain of mycoplasma. On the 15th day the immune response was restored in
      the control and experimental groups of animals. In later stages a strong
      stimulation of RFC and PFC was recorded, which levelled on day 150. On the
      contrary,  A. laidlawii stimulated RFC and PFC in all stages of infection. A
      relationship between the phenomena described and pathogenic properties of the
      mycoplasma is discussed.

PMID- 380688
TI  - Diminished platelet adenylate cyclase activation by prostaglandin D2 in acute
      thrombosis.
AB  - Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) produced by platelets can inhibit aggregation via
      activation of platelet adenylate cyclase. PGD2 activation of platelet cyclase in
      platelet membrane fractions was studied in 20 consecutive patients hospitalized
      with acute deep-vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism. In nine patients, PGD2
      stimulated enzyme activity was decreased at all concentrations of PGD2 studied.
      This altered enzyme sensitivity was specific for PGD2 as basal enzyme activity,
      and prostaglandin E1, prostaglandin I2, and sodium fluoride stimulated adenylate
      cyclase was normal. The effect of PGD2 on platelet aggregation and 14C-serotonin
      release was also studied in one patient where a four-fold higher concentration of
      PGD2 was required to inhibit collagen-induced 14C-serotonin release. Binding
      studies using [3H]PGD2 as a radioligand indicated that this patient's platelets
      bound 10 fmole PGD2/10(8) platelets compared to 30 fmole/10(8) platelets in a
      normal control. Five patients had follow-up studies between 2 and 7 mo after
      their acute thrombotic event, and PGD2-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity
      returned towards normal in four. Since PGD2 is synthesized in platelets at
      concentrations sufficient to inhibit aggregation and activate adenylate cyclase,
      diminished platelet sensitivity to this prostaglandin could result in
      "hyperactivity" and contribute to the thrombosis observed in these patients.

PMID- 380690
TI  - Acquired resistance of autochthonous E. coli in controls and orchardists engaged
      in the spraying of oxytetracycline.

PMID- 380689
TI  - Successful allogeneic bone marrow retransplantation with the same donor after
      graft rejection: application of a modified conditioning regimen.
AB  - A 26-year-old man with severe aplastic anemia was treated with high-dose
      Cyclophosphamide followed by the infusion of bone marrow cells from his HLA
      identical sister. After initial intake of the graft, rejection ensued by day 46
      which was followed by a permanent complete aplasia. After 4 months, bone marrow
      retransplantation with the same donor was attempted after a more intensive
      conditioning regimen. This led to permanent engraftment with rapid normalization
      of the blood counts lasting now for over 12 months. The patient has since
      remained in excellent clinical condition without signs of graft-versus-host
      disease.

PMID- 380691
TI  - Mutagens in wastewaters renovated by advanced wastewater treatment.

PMID- 380693
TI  - Cardio-pulmonary assistance at the crossroad.

PMID- 380692
TI  - The effects of physical training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

PMID- 380695
TI  - Selected list of books and journals for the small medical library.
AB  - This revised list of 492 books and 138 journals is intended as a selection guide
      for small or medium-sized hospital libraries or for the small medical library
      serving a specified clientele. It can also be used as a core list by small
      hospital library consortia. Books and journals are categorized by subject, with
      the books being followed by an author index and the journals by an alphabetical
      title listing. Items suggested for initial purchase by smaller libraries are
      indicated by an asterisk. To purchase the entire collection of books and to pay
      for annual subscriptions to all the journals would require an expenditure of
      about $22,500. The cost of only the asterisked items, recommended for first
      purchase, totals approximately $6,100.

PMID- 380694
TI  - [Effect of endocrine disease on respiratory function at rest (author's transl)].

PMID- 380696
TI  - Core lists of medical journals: a comparison.
AB  - Five core lists of medical journals are compared with respect to size, intended
      users, and content. Despite variations in scope and depth, there is significant
      agreement among the lists. A list of the seventy-two titles appearing on four or
      all of the five lists is appended. There is no clear relationship between
      frequency of inclusion in these core lists and citation frequency as reported in
      Journal Citation Reports.

PMID- 380697
TI  - Continuing education within a hospital library MEDLINE consortium.

PMID- 380698
TI  - Children's rights, corporal punishment, and child abuse: changing American
      attitudes, 1870-1920.

PMID- 380699
TI  - Society, physicians, and the corset.

PMID- 380701
TI  - An experimental study of microvascular patency using a continuous suture
      technique.

PMID- 380700
TI  - Pulmonary and osseous tuberculosis in an Egyptian mummy.

PMID- 380702
TI  - Tensor fascia lata: neurosensory musculo-cutaneous free flap.

PMID- 380703
TI  - Microvascular osteocutaneous transfer using the groin flap and iliac crest and
      the dorsalis pedis flap and second metatarsal.

PMID- 380705
TI  - The cross toe flap.

PMID- 380704
TI  - The supra-clavicular axial patterned flap.

PMID- 380707
TI  - Breast reconstruction after radical mastectomy.

PMID- 380706
TI  - Reconstructing one half of the nose with a combined cheek and upper lip flap.

PMID- 380708
TI  - Reconstructing a finely nodular areola.

PMID- 380710
TI  - Stimulation of the retina by radium.

PMID- 380709
TI  - Study on the possible entry of bacterial endotoxin and prostaglandin E2 into the
      central nervous system from the blood.
AB  - 1 A study has been made of the possible entry of 51Cr-bacterial endotoxin and
      [5,6,8,11,12,14,15(n)-3H]-prostaglandin E2 ([3H5-PGE2) into the CNS of the
      anaesthetized cat. 2 No radioactivity was detected in perfusates of the preoptic
      anterior hypothalamus or in the cerebrospinal fluid (c.s.f.) in vivo, or in brain
      tissue post mortem following intracarotid infusion of 51Cr-bacterial endotoxin. 3
      Intracarotid administration of [3H]-PGE2 resulted in the entry of radioactivity
      into the CNS of endotoxin pretreated cats. Chromatographic analysis indicated the
      radioactivity in c.s.f. to be associated with PGE2 and a metabolite similar to
      13, 14-dihydro-15-keto PGE2. 4 Intracarotid administration of 13, 14-dihydro-15
      keto [5,6,8,11,12,14(n)-3H]-PGE2 resulted in the presence of the compound in the
      CNS of the anaesthetized cat after pretreatment with bacterial endotoxin. 5 It is
      concluded that PGE2 and possibly 13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGE2 but not bacterial
      endotoxin may enter the CNS from the cerebral circulation to elicit the febrile
      response to bacterial endotoxin in cats.

PMID- 380711
TI  - A second "original" first page of Rontgen's manuscript "Ueber eine neue Art von
      Strahlen".

PMID- 380712
TI  - The influence of wound drainage on the infection rate in kidney transplant
      patients.
AB  - The frequency of wound infection was studied in 92 patients who had received
      cadaver kidneys. Wound drainage was performed in 26 patients and not performed in
      66 patients. Wound infection was found in 31% of the wounds with drainage and in
      14% of wounds without primary drainage. The results were compared with the
      frequency of 34% infected wounds in a previous report where wound drainage was
      performed routinely. It is advised that, when possible, wound drainage should be
      avoided.

PMID- 380713
TI  - Foreign body migrating to the kidney.

PMID- 380715
TI  - Transplantation of a horseshoe kidney.

PMID- 380714
TI  - Endourethral urethroplasty: a simple method for treatment of urethral strictures
      by internal urethrotomy and primary split skin grafting.
AB  - Primary endourethral split skin grafting was performed in 4 patients operated
      upon for stricture of the bulbous urethra by internal urethrotomy. Post
      operatively, all grafts were found to have taken. Follow-up has ranged from 4 to
      12 months. The results were considered good in all patients and after release
      from the hospital they had no subjective symptoms. Further urethral dilation has
      not been necessary in any of the patients.

PMID- 380716
TI  - Calculi in renal transplants.
AB  - Three patients who underwent live donor renal transplantation subsequently
      developed calculi in their allografts. Hypercalcaemia and secondary
      hyperparathyroidism were present in 2 cases and these were treated by subtotal
      parathyroidectomy. Urinary stagnation and infection were contributory factors in
      the third case and reimplantation of the ureter was necessary. In all patients no
      further calculi have developed following treatment and allograft function remains
      satisfactory.

PMID- 380717
TI  - The diagnosis and treatment of lymphocoeles associated with renal
      transplantation. A report of 6 cases and a review of the literature.
AB  - Six patients have developed a lymphocoele after renal transplantation, an
      incidence of 4%. A lymphocoele should be suspected in a patient who develops a
      rising creatinine with a pelvic mass or pressure effects on the pelvic veins 1 or
      more months after operation. The diagnosis is confirmed by intravenous urography,
      venography and ultrasonography: the use of the latter as a diagnostic measure is
      recommended. Treatment is by marsupialisation into the peritoneum or external
      drainage with breakdown of all loculi. Aspiration is unsatisfactory.

PMID- 380718
TI  - Polyglycolic acid versus chromic catgut in bladder surgery.
AB  - The clinical importance of calcified deposits on sutures in bladder surgery was
      evaluated in a blind paired randomised trial of 3/0 chromic catgut versus
      polyglycolic acid 3/0. Cystoscopy with photographic recording was performed 8
      weeks after operation in 40 patients without and 8 patients with previous or
      present bladder stones. None had visible calcified deposits at that time and
      sutures were only visible in 1 patient from each of the 2 groups without bladder
      stones. It was concluded that neither chromic catgut nor polyglycolic acid
      sutures carry any significant risk of bladder stone formation, whether infection
      is present or not; the conclusion includes both patients with and without
      previous bladder stones, but is less firm in the former because of the small
      number of patients studied.

PMID- 380719
TI  - Inosine: clinical results of ischaemic renal surgery.
AB  - Ten patients requiring ischaemic renal surgery for calculus or tumour were
      operated on with the kidney protected by perfusion with a room temperature
      solution of inosine. The warm ischaemic times ranged from 35 to 75 min (mean 57.1
      min). Post-operative recovery was uneventful in all patients. No adverse
      cardiodynamic effects due to inosine were noted. There was only moderate
      transient depression in renal function as assessed by gamma camera renography and
      serum creatinine estimations. Three of the 10 patients have now been followed for
      over a year. The results with inosine perfusion are comparable to those obtained
      with hypothermic protection.

PMID- 380720
TI  - The use of pure carbon stomata (Biocarbon) in urinary diversion.
AB  - A new synthetic material, Biocarbon, has the advantages of tissue compatibility
      and chemical inactivity, so that there is minimal salt sedimentation. Experiments
      with animals extending over a period of more than 2 years showed good healing
      after various surgical and urological operations. Biocarbon stomata were then
      used for vesicostomies in 6 patients. The period of follow-up has been months. We
      conclude that Biocarbon implants used for ureterocutaneostomies and for various
      conduit operations can improve tthe care of stomapatients.

PMID- 380721
TI  - Dicynene in transurethral resection of the prostate.

PMID- 380722
TI  - Late results of skin inlay urethroplasty.
AB  - Sixty-two patients undergoing either one-stage or two-stage skin inlay
      urethroplasty for stricture of the urethra have been reviewed. The success rate
      and incidence of complications are discussed. The technique of skin inlay
      urethroplasty requires a considerable degree of surgical expertise and a similar
      skill in clinical evaluation is required in the selection of patients for this
      procedure.

PMID- 380723
TI  - The one-stage island patch urethroplasty.
AB  - Dartos-predicled scrotal skin island patch urethroplasties were performed in 72
      patients and followed up for up to 7 years. Restenosis was seen at the site of
      the stricture in 5 cases and one developed a new meatal stenosis. There were no
      deaths. Hair-stones occurred in 4 patients and were removed endoscopically. One
      too-large pouch was trimmed. No patient was incontinent. More than one patch may
      be used for long or multiple strictures.

PMID- 380724
TI  - Surgical treatment of the massively dilated primary megaureter in children.
AB  - From 1964 to 1975, of 83 children with primary megaureter 33 had unilateral and 8
      bilateral massively dilated ureters that required surgical treatment, and of
      these 73% had febrile infection, 5% were septic and 10% were azotaemic. Surgical
      treatment consisted of ureteric reimplantation with excision of the atonic distal
      segment, preceded by diversion when indicated. Tailored reimplantation was
      successful in 98% of ureters and non-tailored reimplantation was uniformly
      unsuccessful. All failures were successfully corrected by tailored
      reimplantation. Thus the requirements for successful surgical management of
      massive ureteric dilatation in children secondary to an atonic ureteric segment
      are excision of the atonic segment, transvesical or extravesical tailoring of the
      ureter and reimplantation.

PMID- 380725
TI  - A double blind trial of bromocryptine in the treatment of idiopathic bladder
      instability.
AB  - Fifty-one patients (aged 20 to 68 years) entered a 6-week double-blind trial of
      Bromocryptine, a dopamine agonist. All patients complained of the complex:
      frequency, nocturia, urgency and urge incontinence which was due to demonstrable
      bladder instability. No significant improvement in either symptoms or cystometric
      findings was seen in the Bromocryptine treated as compared with the control
      group. A high incidence of nausea was noted in the treated groups. The results of
      this study suggest that Bromocryptine does not have a therapeutic role in the
      treatment of idiopathic bladder instability.

PMID- 380727
TI  - Applied diagnostic techniques: a decisive factor in the long-term T-year survival
      rate in prostatic carcinoma.
AB  - Ii is shown from statistical data reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry that in
      cases of prostatic carcinoma the long-term T-year survival rate is the final
      outcome of a complex interplay of multiple factors including diagnostic
      technology and techniques for staging and grading. Assessment of the value of
      specific therapy is not possible except in controlled clinical trials. The T-year
      survival rate per se does not give an accurate estimate of the effect of
      treatment.

PMID- 380726
TI  - Releasing factor tests in men with oligozoospermia.
AB  - FSH levels were assayed in 300 men attending with infertile marriages. From this
      number, releasing factor tests were carried out in 24 men with oligozoospermia
      and an initial FSH below our normal mean. In all of these cases there was a
      response to releasing factor. Isolated FSH deficiency is likely to be rare in
      adult men presenting with infertility and no previous endocrinological history.

PMID- 380728
TI  - Urological complications in 119 consecutive renal transplants.
AB  - One hundred and nine patients undergoing 119 transplants have been followed up
      from 8 months to 9 years. Urological complications occurred in 16 transplants, an
      incidence of 13.4%. Ureteroneocystostomy was performed primarily in all cases; in
      98 by the conventional Politano-Leadbetter technique with 9 (9.2%) urological
      complications and in 32 by an extravesical technique with 7 (21.8%) urological
      complications. One patient died as a result of ureteric obstruction, without
      operation. In 3 patients with lower ureteric obstruction, transurethral ureteric
      meatotomy was successful in 2 cases and resulted in no change in renal function
      in the third. Two patients with urinary fistulae were managed successfully by
      continuous drainage with indwelling urethral catheters. The remaining 10 patients
      required 12 open surgical procedures for relief of ureteric obstruction, with
      improvement in function in 7 patients.

PMID- 380730
TI  - Primary vesical sensory urgency. A clinical trial of bromocriptine.
AB  - A randomised double blind crossover trial of Bromocriptine against an inert
      placebo was performed in 14 patients with primary sensory urgency. Bromocriptine
      was found to have no therapeutic advantage for these patients and the possible
      explanations for this finding are discussed.

PMID- 380729
TI  - Carcinoma of the renal pelvis following the abuse of phenacetin-containing
      analgesic drugs.
AB  - Five cases of renal pelvic carcinoma are reported in female patients who abused
      phenacetin-containing analgesics. The mechanism of carcinogenesis in analgesic
      abuse is discussed and epidemiological factors are considered. The possibility of
      development of a renal pelvic tumour in patients with analgesic nephropathy is
      emphasised.

PMID- 380731
TI  - An objective look at acid phosphatase determinations: a comparison of biochemical
      and immunological methods.
AB  - Measurements of serum and bone marrow acid phosphatase were made by 3 enzymatic
      methods, alpha-naphthyl phosphate, beta-glycerol phosphate, and thymolphthalein
      monophosphate, and ocmpared to a double antibody radioimmunoassay. Serum and bone
      marrow acid phosphatase levels were studied in 46 controls with histologically
      proven benign prostatic hyperplasia and in 135 patients with various stages of
      prostatic carcinoma. In the control group the upper limit for bone marrow acid
      phosphatase was found to be significantly higher than the corresponding serum
      limit with respect to the enzymatic assays studied. The radioimmunoassay was the
      only method suitable for the analysis of the prostatic acid phosphatase content
      of bone marrow. A larger number of elevations were noted in patients with
      extracapsular and metastatic disease when prostatic acid phosphatase measurement
      was carried out by radioimmunoassay as compared to enzymatic methods. However,
      only 8% of the patients with intracapsular disease had elevations of prostatic
      acid phosphatase as measured by radioimmunoassay. Additional standardisation of
      immunological methods and clinical trials is required before comparison can be
      made of results from various centres using immunological methods for the
      measurement of prostatic acid phosphatase and a true assessment made of the
      usefulness of this procedure.

PMID- 380732
TI  - Subcutaneous Corynebacterium parvum in bladder cancer: a controlled study of its
      immunological effects.
AB  - Fourteen out of 26 patients with invasive bladder cancer were randomly assigned
      to receive weekly subcutaneous injections of Corynebacterium parvum (CP) in
      addition to standard treatment. Peripheral blood T lymphocyte percentage, K cell
      activity, mitogen responsiveness, and monocyte and polymorph leucotaxis were
      measured at intervals over a period of 1 to 2 years. The only consistent
      difference between the CP-treatment patients and the controls was a slightly
      higher level of K cell activity in the former, who, however, fared rather worse
      than the controls in terms of survival.

PMID- 380733
TI  - Faecal and introital bacteria and urinary tract infection.
AB  - The faecal, introital, and urinary bacterial flora have been studied in 3 normal
      women and 5 women with recurrent urinary infection. In the normal women urinary
      abnormalities were uncommon, but the patients regularly had episodes of
      bacteriuria and pyuria, only a quarter of which were symptomatic. Symptoms tended
      to be associated with high white cell excretion rates and with the longer
      episodes. Introital colonisation was heavier and more frequent in the patients
      than in the control subjects. Organisms recovered from the urine had previously
      colonised the introitus in most cases. It appears that symptomatic episodes
      constitute only a small part of the disease process in patients with recurrent
      urinary tract infection.

PMID- 380734
TI  - Mr J. D. Fergusson.

PMID- 380735
TI  - Intrarectal metronidazole in the prevention of anaerobic infections after
      emergency appendicectomy: a controlled clinical trial.
AB  - A series of 102 patients with presumptive acute appendicitis entered a
      prospective, randomized, clinical trial of intrarectal metronidazole given over a
      48-h period commencing before surgery. Adequate levels of circulating
      metronidazole were achieved. A significant reduction in the incidence of
      anaerobic wound infection was observed in the treated group (P less than 0.02).
      The convenience and short duration of the prophylactic regimen allowed early
      discharge from hospital. No untoward effects were observed.

PMID- 380736
TI  - A double-blind trial of a single intravenous dose of metronidazole as prophylaxis
      against wound infection following appendicectomy.
AB  - One hundred patients undergoing appendicectomy through a right iliac fossa
      incision were randomized to receive normal saline or 500 mg metronidazole as an
      intravenous infusion during the operation. One patient in the saline group
      developed an erythematous rash. There were 13 wound infections (as defined by the
      discharge of pus), 12 (out of 51) in the saline group and 1 (out of 49) in the
      metronidazole group. Bacteroides spp. were frequently cultured from the lumen of
      removed appendices and from pus obtained from infected wounds. This work supports
      the value of metronidazole but suggests that a single-dose regimen is adequate
      for prophylaxis.

PMID- 380737
TI  - Short term metronidazole therapy contrasted with povidone-iodine spray in the
      prevention of wound infection after appendicectomy.
AB  - In a prospective, randomized trial metronidazole was found to be significantly
      better than povidone-iodine in reducing the incidence of wound infection after
      appendicectomy (P less than 0.005). The metronidazole was given as a established
      7-day course. Over 65 per cent of the wound infections presented after the
      patients had been discharged from hospital.

PMID- 380738
TI  - Use of circular stapling gun with peranal insertion of anorectal purse-string
      suture for construction of very low colorectal or colo-anal anastomoses.
AB  - A technique is described for construction of the colorectal or colo-anal
      anastomosis in low rectal resection by using an automatic circular stapling
      device and inserting the anorectal purse-string suture peranally from below. This
      method was employed in 4 patients resulting in complete healing in 3 cases and a
      moderate leak in 1, which, however, eventually healed satisfactorily.

PMID- 380739
TI  - Cimetidine in the treatment of peptic ulceration following renal transplantation.
AB  - Seven patients who developed peptic ulceration following renal transplantation
      have been treated by cimetidine. One died before its value could be assessed. The
      remaining 6 were symptom-free within 48 h. In 3 patients the ulcer appeared
      healed on gastroscopy, in one there was no change, another required operation for
      gastrointestinal bleeding 1 month after beginning cimetidine and the other
      patient has been lost to follow-up after 5 months' treatment. Two patients had a
      significant rise of serum creatinine whilst on the drug, but there is no evidence
      of increased immunological reactivity towards the graft and no agranulocytosis.

PMID- 380740
TI  - A study of basal cell carcinoma of the inner canthus, 1967-72.
AB  - Basal cell carcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion at the inner canthus.
      Reconstruction following excision was most commonly achieved with a post
      auricular full thickness graft. Provided excision is adequate, a local flap is a
      good alternative. There is no evidence that the use of a graft increased
      recurrence, but it may have allowed earlier detection. The primary recurrence
      rate after primary surgical excision was 3.6 per cent. Recurrence occurred in
      several cases when histology indicated incomplete excision. Follow-up under these
      circumstances should be continued for up to 10 years. When adequate primary
      surgical excision was performed, there was no evidence that rodent ulcer of the
      inner canthus behaves differently or has a worse prognosis than at other sites.
      There has probably been undue concern in the past about epiphora following
      resection of the lacrimal drainage system.

PMID- 380741
TI  - Present state of liver transplantation.

PMID- 380742
TI  - Failure of low-dose heparin to prevent significant thromboembolic complications
      in high-risk surgical patients: interim report of prospective trial. Groote
      Schuur Hospital Thromboembolus Study Group.
AB  - The efficacy of low-dose subcutaneous heparin (5000 IU eight-hourly) is being
      studied in a single-centre, prospective randomised trial of patients aged over 40
      submitted to major elective intra-abdominal surgery. The trial end-points are the
      objectively defined incidence and extent of deep vein thrombosis (as seen on
      uptake of 125I-labelled fibrinogen, Doppler ultrasonography, and bilateral
      ascending phlebography) and non-fatal pulmonary embolus (as measured by
      preoperative spirometry and preoperative and postoperative chest radiography and
      perfusion lung scanning performed on a routine, unselected basis). An interim
      analysis of the first 200 patients indicates that low-dose heparin significantly
      reduces the incidence of calf-vein thrombosis but does not reduce the incidence
      of proximal segment thrombosis or non-fatal pulmonary embolism. Thus the routine
      use of low-dose heparin prophylaxis in all major surgical procedures in patients
      aged over 40 may not be advisable.

PMID- 380743
TI  - Vaginal microbial flora in normal young women.
AB  - Vaginal swabs were taken from 1498 women attending a family planning clinic. The
      flora was assessed in the absence of any information about the women to whom the
      swabs related. Yeasts and fungi were present in 311 women (21%) and were no more
      prevalent among "pill" users than others. Candida albicans was significantly
      associated with vulval itching and with a vaginal discharge described as heavier
      than normal or curdy on clinical examination, though these abnormalities were
      present in only a minority of women with the organism. Trichomonas vaginalis was
      found in 14 women (1%) and was associated with abnormalities of vaginal discharge
      in all but one. Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli were significantly more common in
      women with a troublesome vaginal discharge and those who used an intrauterine
      device than others. No associations were found between fungi other than C
      albicans or the other bacteria sought and either symptoms or clinical
      abnormalities of vaginal discharge.

PMID- 380744
TI  - Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli causing diarrhoea in travellers returning to the
      United Kingdom.

PMID- 380745
TI  - The development of clinical science in Britain.

PMID- 380746
TI  - The Hong Kong College of Medicine (1887-1915).

PMID- 380747
TI  - Variation in plasma prednisolone concentrations in renal transplant recipients
      given enteric-coated prednisolone.
AB  - Renal transplant recipients receiving intermittent haemodialysis and kept under
      normal ward conditions showed appreciable differences in plasma prednisolone
      concentrations after therapeutic doses of enteric-coated prednisolone tablets.
      This gross day-to-day variation occurred irrespective of the dosage used.
      Breakfast given before prednisolone tended to reduce the rate of absorption of
      the drug, the effect being quantitatively most pronounced with large doses.
      Haemodialysis had no apparent effect on the elimination of prednisolone from
      plasma. Such erratic blood concentrations of prednisolone as observed in these
      patients, possibly resulting from variable absorption, may be potentially
      hazardous. Hence use of enteric-coated tablets in renal transplant recipients
      should be viewed with caution.

PMID- 380748
TI  - Hypnosis.

PMID- 380749
TI  - Falciparum malaria despite chemoprophylaxis.

PMID- 380751
TI  - Mid-duodenal bleeding in chronic renal failure.

PMID- 380750
TI  - Diuretic escape and rebound oedema in renal allograft recipients.

PMID- 380752
TI  - The eclipse of the haemolytic streptococcus.

PMID- 380753
TI  - Dr Samuel Johnson's movement disorder.
AB  - Dr Samuel Johnson was noted by his friends to have almost constant tics and
      gesticulations, which startled those who met him for the first time. He also made
      noises and whistling sounds; he made repeated sounds and words and irregular or
      blowing respiratory noises. Further, he often carried out pronounced compulsive
      acts, such as touching posts, measuring his footsteps on leaving a room, and
      performing peculiar complex gestures and steps before crossing a threshold. His
      symptoms of (a) involuntary muscle jerking movements and complex motor acts, (b)
      involuntary vocalisation, and (c) compulsive actions constitute the symptom
      complex of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (Tourette's syndrome), from which
      Johnson suffered most of his life. This syndrome is of increasing interest
      recently because it responds to haloperidol, and because there are new insights
      into a possible biochemical basis for the tics, vocalisations, and compulsions.

PMID- 380754
TI  - Fifty years of penicillin.

PMID- 380755
TI  - Fifty years of penicillin.

PMID- 380757
TI  - Dialysis and transplantation in young children.

PMID- 380756
TI  - Nebulised salbutamol in life-threatening asthma.

PMID- 380758
TI  - Captain Cook and scurvy.

PMID- 380760
TI  - New forms for references.

PMID- 380759
TI  - Cis-platinum: a new anticancer agent.

PMID- 380761
TI  - Sir Ludwig Guttman at 80.

PMID- 380763
TI  - Schizophrenia.

PMID- 380762
TI  - Pulmonary oedema in the falciparum malaria.

PMID- 380764
TI  - How to pass the DCH.

PMID- 380765
TI  - Comparison of sulglycotide with cimetidine in short-term treatment of duodenal
      ulcer: double-blind controlled trial.

PMID- 380766
TI  - The "Radcliffe" hospitals, Oxford.

PMID- 380767
TI  - Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and travellers' diarrhoea.

PMID- 380768
TI  - Effect of maprotiline on cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 380770
TI  - Oral choline in cerebellar ataxia.

PMID- 380769
TI  - Asthma.

PMID- 380771
TI  - Fifty years of penicillin.

PMID- 380772
TI  - Haemodialysis and transplantation in Wegener's granulomatosis.
AB  - Two men with Wegener's disease began immunosuppressive treatment during severe
      renal insufficiency. Despite an initial temporary remission new lesions appeared
      and renal failure progressed. Haemodialysis was started, cytotoxic drugs were
      stopped, and steroid dosage was reduced. All extrarenal manifestations of the
      disease remitted, however, suggesting a favourable effect of either the
      immunosuppression induced by terminal renal failure or the haemodialysis itself.
      Renal transplantation was then undertaken in both patients. Thirteen and 55
      months after the operations respectively renal function was satisfactory and no
      signs of reactivation of Wegener's disease had appeared. These results show that
      whatever the activity of Wegener's disease and its initial response to
      immunosuppressive agents, dialysis and transplantation are fully warranted once
      irreversible renal failure is established.

PMID- 380773
TI  - Flunisolide nasal spray for perennial rhinitis in children.
AB  - Twenty-seven children with perennial rhinitis entered a double-blind cross-over
      study comparing nasal sprays of flunisolide---a new topical corticosteroid---and
      placebo. Symptoms were assessed over two consecutive monthly periods with each
      treatment. Weekly diary cards, monthly clinical assessments, and end-of-trial
      preferences all favoured the active drug. At the end of the trial 20 patients
      preferred the treatment month with flunisolide, four preferred the placebo month,
      and two rated the periods equally. Side effects were mild, the commonest being
      transient nasal stinging. Seventeen children who derived benefit from flunisolide
      continued with the treatment for a six-month open-study period. Many reduced the
      dosage from three times to twice or once daily without losing benefit. The effect
      of flunisolide on the pituitary-adrenal axis was assessed in seven children by
      measuring the 0900 blood cortisol concentrations at two-month intervals over the
      six months. No effect was observed. The results show that flunisolide is
      effective and safe for the treatment and prophylaxis of perennial rhinitis in
      children.

PMID- 380774
TI  - Centenary of Sir Arthur Hurst.

PMID- 380775
TI  - Tuberculosis.

PMID- 380776
TI  - Haematuria presenting in outpatients attending a department of genitourinary
      medicine.
AB  - Of all the patients attending a department of genitourinary medicine during a 10
      month period, about 2% (1 out of 50) presented with haematuria, or haematuria was
      discovered on initial examination. In about 25% of cases, the haematuria was due
      to Escherichia coli infection of the lower genitourinary tract. Gonococcal
      infection was the next commonest cause; one patient with gonorrhoea presented
      with frank urethral bleeding. In the remaining patients other causes of
      haematuria, which included renal cyst. carcinoma of the ureter, bilharziasis, and
      IgA disease, required more extensive investigations and follow up.

PMID- 380777
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in human
      glioma culture by immunoperoxidase method.

PMID- 380778
TI  - Valproic acid augments GABA-mediated postsynaptic inhibition in cultured
      mammalian neurons.

PMID- 380779
TI  - Sodium di-n-propylacetate (valproate) action on single neurons in rat cerebral
      cortex and hippocampus.

PMID- 380780
TI  - Hyperthermic effect of prostacyclin injected into the third cerebral ventricle of
      the cat.
AB  - Prostaglandin E2 may not be solely responsible for hyperthermia produced by
      central administration of sodium arachidonate. To determine its effect, if any,
      on body temperature prostacyclin sodium salt, another product of prostaglandin
      endoperoxides, was injected into the third cerebral ventricle of unrestrained,
      unanesthetized cats while deep body temperature was recorded automatically. Doses
      of 2--25 microgram, in a volume of 0.05 ml saline solution, did not appreciably
      alter body temperature. A 100 microgram dose produced hyperthermia in five of six
      animals. Administration of 1 mg prostacyclin caused prolonged hyperthermic
      responses in four cats with a maximum increase in temperature of at least 2.1
      degrees C. Prostaglandin E1 (1 microgram) produced hyperthermic responses which
      were intermediate between responses to 100 and 1000 microgram prostacyclin.
      Indomethacin (2 mg/kg), given IV to two cats during recovery from prostacyclin
      induced hyperthermia, did not hasten the rate of recovery. These results indicate
      that, if a sufficient concentration of prostacyclin is achieved at a central site
      of action after injection of arachidonate or during pathologic processes which
      release arachidonic acid, prostacyclin could contribute to the development of
      hyperthermia.

PMID- 380781
TI  - Effects of diet upon hypothalamic vulnerability to goldthioglucose in male mice.
AB  - Three groups of male mice were fed three different diets for about 3 weeks:
      powdered chow (C), a high fat (F) diet (chow:Crisco, 2:1), and a high dextrose
      (D) diet (chow:dextrose, 2:1). Food and water intake and body weights (BWts) were
      measured daily. On Day 20 of the study, mice were injected IP with 0.3 mg/g of
      goldthioglucose (GTG). Two days later, the mice were sacrificed and brains were
      removed for histological examination of GTG-induced lesions in the ventromedial
      hypothalamus (VMH). It was found that (1) F-fed mice ate more and gained more BWt
      than C- and D-fed mice, and (2) the average GTG lesion volume of F-fed mice was
      twice as large as those of C- and D-fed mice. In view of known alterations in
      sensitivity of the VMH to goldthioglucose with changes in glucose metabolism, it
      is suggested that the larger goldthioglucose induced lesions in F-fed mice may be
      due to elevated blood levels of goldthioglucose or altered glucose metabolism in
      goldthioglucose sensitivity cells in the VMH.

PMID- 380783
TI  - [Practical vitreous body surgery].

PMID- 380782
TI  - Midbrain central gray: LHRH infusion enhances lordotic behavior in estrogen
      primed ovariectomized rats.
AB  - Ovariectomized rats were implanted with 23 gauge stainless steel cannulae in the
      ventrolateral midbrain central gray. Twelve sexually active rats were estrone
      primed and infused with saline and 50 ng luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      (LHRH) in counterbalanced order. Infusion of luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone significantly enhanced the lordotic response to coital stimulation
      compared to saline infusion. These results support the role of hypothalamo
      mesencephalic LHRH-containing pathways in modulating lordotic behavior in
      estrogen-primed ovariectomized rats.

PMID- 380786
TI  - Dental history at bainbridge.

PMID- 380784
TI  - [Double-blind study of the therapeutic activity of cerebroxine in the treatment
      of chronic cerebral circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 380787
TI  - Try Hippocrates' home made tooth powder.

PMID- 380785
TI  - Are there really worms in teeth?

PMID- 380790
TI  - Roots.

PMID- 380789
TI  - The early history of anaesthesia in Newfoundland.
AB  - The early history of anaesthesia in Newfoundland is described by reference to
      newspapers and other writings of the time. News of ether first reached
      Newfoundland in February 1847 with a report from England of Robert Liston's
      amputation of a leg on December 21, 1846. Ether was first used in St. John's some
      days before July 30, 1847, for an operation to amputate both legs, the surgeon
      being Edward Keilley. Chloroform was used in St. John's a few days before May 4,
      1848 by Samuel Carson in an obstetrical case, and on May 10, 1848 it was used
      during the amputation of a leg by Edward Keilley. Also discussed are some other
      items of anaesthetic interest which occurred during the years following until the
      appointment of the first (albeit part-time) anaesthetist in St. John's in 1912.

PMID- 380791
TI  - Distortion of the alginate impression.

PMID- 380788
TI  - Fentanyl-oxygen anaesthesia for coronary artery surgery: cardiovascular and
      antidiuretic hormone responses.
AB  - This study demonstrates that large doses of fentanyl, as the sole anaesthetic
      with ventilation with oxygen, produces complete anaesthesia and minimal changes
      in cardiovasuclar dynamics in patients with coronary artery disease. It also
      indicates that high dose fentanyl anaesthesia blocks the increase in plasma anti
      diuretic hormone and cardiovascular dynamics which are so common with morphine
      and other anaesthetic techniques during tracheal intubation and surgical
      stimulation in patients with coronary artery disease. Our findings suggest that
      fentanyl-oxygen anaesthesia is an attractive technique in patients with coronary
      artery disease.

PMID- 380793
TI  - Elevated plasma motilin concentrations in chronic renal disease.

PMID- 380792
TI  - The role of calcium antagonism in the therapeutic action of drugs.

PMID- 380794
TI  - Psychiatric illness in physicians.
AB  - Psychiatric illness and behavioural problems among physicians are reviewed in
      this paper. Some studies suggest that the medical profession has a high rate of
      alcoholism, drug abuse and marital discord. As well, physicians appear to commit
      suicide and to seek admission to psychiatric institutions more frequently than
      comparable populations. Considered as etiologic factors in psychiatric illness
      among physicians are the role strain inherent in the profession and the
      personality development of individual practitioners prior to their entering
      medical school. The review concludes with suggestions for an improved approach to
      treatment and prevention.

PMID- 380795
TI  - [The Catholic hospitals in Manitoba: pluralism and tolerance].

PMID- 380796
TI  - Survival following renal transplantation in Saskatchewan, 1970--74: follow-up
      study using medical insurance records.
AB  - The patient history file of a medical care insurance plan can be used for
      statistical purposes in many ways. This is illustrated by the use of the records
      of the Saskatchewan Medical Care Insurance Commission to study the survival of
      patients receiving kidney transplants in the period 1970--74. During this period
      48 males and 23 females received at least one renal transplant; these patients
      represented 34% of all males and 28% of all females undergoing regular renal
      dialysis. These period prevalence estimates are consistent with calculations
      based on incidence and point prevalence reported elsewhere. Life-table
      calculations showed the 4-year survival rate following first kidney
      transplantation in Saskatchewan to be 45% for all patients, 55% for those less
      than 45 years of age and 26% for those 45 years of age or older.

PMID- 380797
TI  - The Canadian certification examination in psychiatry. I: Historical notes.
AB  - There has been much criticism of the format and process of the certification
      examination in psychiatry, and some of this is based on lack of information
      regarding the history of the specialty certification procedures, the Royal
      College of Physicians and Surgeons and the Board of Examiners. In this first of
      three reports the history of the Royal College as the certifying organization is
      traced, and the relevant College structures are briefly described, including the
      Specialty Committee on Psychiatry which is instrumental in appointing the
      clinical examiners. The clinical examiners since 1965 are identified.

PMID- 380798
TI  - The adventures of Dr. Duncan McNab McEachran in western Canada.
AB  - Duncan McNab McEachran's early history and involvement in the formation of the
      Montreal Veterinary College as well as in livestock inspection were reviewed. His
      contribution to the beginning of the ranching industry in western Canada was
      explored in detail. In 1881, McEachran helped to establish the Cochrane Ranche,
      which was the first great ranch to be started in southern Alberta. He was
      employed as the ranch's resident general manager until 1883, in which year the
      Waldrond Ranch was established. McEachran was this ranch's president and general
      manager until approximately 1909. During this time, he came under considerable
      criticism from both The MacLeod Gazette and The Calgary Herald. As Dr. McEachran
      maintained his obligations to the ranches while he was directing the veterinary
      college in Montreal as well as chief inspector of livestock for Canada, it was
      concluded that this feat alone would rank him as a remarkable historical figure.

PMID- 380799
TI  - Proceedings of the Workshop on Amino Acid Imbalance in the Treatment of Cancer.
      Introduction: possibilities for biochemically rational chemotherapy for some
      malignancies with depleting enzymes and antimetabolites of specific amino acids.
AB  - A number of recent investigations have documented that, in several cancers, the
      malignant cells are no longer capable of synthesizing a specific amino acid,
      while the normal cells continue such biosynthesis at a normal rate. Enzymes
      degrading amino acids have demonstrated therapeutic value against such cancers.
      Significant progress was made recently in technology related to enzyme
      preparations. These are highly specific, have long half-lives, and can be
      chemically modified to eliminate their immunogenicity to man or animals. A
      practical in vitro system for detection of antimetabolites of different amino
      acids in natural materials was developed. It appears reasonable to expect that,
      in a specific malignancy, after the available pools of such deficient amino acids
      are exhausted by administration of the depleting enzyme, an additional, perhaps
      synergistic, effect could be obtained by utilizing an analog of such an amino
      acid. A brief review of the pertinent existing information will be presented in
      this communication.

PMID- 380800
TI  - Phase I study of succinylated acinetobacter L-glutaminase-L-asparaginase.

PMID- 380801
TI  - Azaserine, DON, and azotomycin: three diazo analogs of L-glutamine with clinical
      antitumor activity.
AB  - A review of the clinical data on azaserine, DON, and azotomycin reveals that
      these agents have limited but definite antitumor activity. All three drugs are
      analogs of L-glutamine and contain a diazo group. They have been studied as
      single agents in a wide variety of human malignancies and have also been included
      in trials using combination chemotherapy. Most of these studies were performed
      early in the history of clinical trials and, therefore, the method of reporting
      results and the evaluation criteria were quite different from those in use today.
      A renewed interest in these agents has been triggered by the remarkable activity
      of DON and azotomycin against human tumor lines implanted into nude mice. On the
      basis of this activity and the clinical data we have compiled, we feel that new
      clinical trials with these agents are warranted.

PMID- 380802
TI  - Phase I-II study of piperazinedione in adults with solid tumors and acute
      leukemia.
AB  - Piperazinedione was administered to 79 patients with solid tumors on an
      intermittent schedule with single doses of 1.5-36 mg/m2. Courses were usually
      repeated at 4-week intervals. Twenty-five patients with leukemia were treated at
      doses of 18-36 mg/m2 (occasionally for 2 successive days) every 1-4 weeks. Of 48
      evaluable patients with malignant melanoma, three (6%) achieved partial remission
      and nine (20%) had stable disease. Eight of 17 (47%) patients with
      adenocarcinomas and one of two (50%) patients with lymphomas also had stable
      disease. Six of 14 (43%) patients with acute myelogenous leukemia showed
      hematologic improvement, as did one of 11 (9%) patients with blast cell crisis of
      chronic myelogenous leukemia. The principal toxic effect was myelosuppression,
      which occurred in 69% of the patients with solid tumors. Profound bone marrow
      aplasia occurred in 19% of the patients, resulting in six deaths (8%). Risk
      factors for marrow aplasia included extensive prior therapy, prior nitrosoureas,
      cumulative toxicity from piperazinedione, and abnormal liver function tests. The
      recommended doses for further studies are 9 mg/m2 for patients with risk factors
      for marrow aplasia, 12 mg/m2 for patients with prior therapy, 15 mg/m2 for
      previously untreated patients, and 24-36 mg/m2 for patients with acute leukemia.

PMID- 380803
TI  - Phase II study of VM-26 in acute leukemia, neuroblastoma, and other refractory
      childhood malignancies: a report from the Children's Cancer Study Group.
AB  - VM-26, a semisynthetic podophyllotoxin, was tested for antitumor activity and
      clinical toxicity in 181 children. The drug was administered iv at weekly
      intervals, beginning at a dose of 130 mg/2/week. The dose was increased, as
      tolerated, after 3 and 6 weeks to 150 and 180 mg/m2/week, respectively. The only
      major toxicity was hematologic, with neutropenia predominating. Anaphylaxis
      occurred in one patient. The drug demonstrated significant activity in acute
      lymphocytic leukemia (four responses among 15 patients) and neuroblastoma (ten
      responses among 31 patients). Objective responses were also noted in one patient
      each with acute myelogenous leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, histiocytic lymphoma,
      Wilms' tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, and sacrococcygeal
      sarcoma. Further trials of VM-26 in these childhood malignancies are warranted.

PMID- 380804
TI  - Levamisole in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
AB  - One hundred and thirty-four patients (118 males and 16 females) with epidermoid
      carcinoma of the head and neck were studied. After treatment of the primary
      lesion, they were randomized into two groups: 69 received levamisole, 150 mg/day
      orally for 3 consecutive days every other week, and 65 received placebo. Immune
      status was also evaluated. Positive reactions to dinitrochlorobenzene increased
      significantly after primary tumor therapy in both levamisole- and placebo-treated
      patients. There were no significant differences in immune responses between the
      two groups, except in recall antigen reactivity, which was decreased in both
      groups overall recurrence and death rates at 36 months did not differ between the
      two groups of patients. However, stage I and II patients treated with levamisole
      had a significantly higher incidence of recurrence than the placebo-treated
      patients (P less than 0.02), while there was some evidence that levamisole
      treated stage IV patients did better. It is concluded that the overall outcome in
      patients with squamous cell carcinoma controlled locally by surgery or radiation
      was not favorably affected by levamisole in the dose and schedule used in this
      protocol.

PMID- 380806
TI  - The local control of coronary blood flow.

PMID- 380805
TI  - Combination of adriamycin and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of metastatic
      prostatic carcinoma: a phase II study.
AB  - A prospective trial of Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide was undertaken in the
      treatment of patients with hormonally refractory prostatic carcinoma. Of the 20
      patients evaluable, three (15%) had a partial remission and five (25%) had stable
      disease for a total response of 40%. All patients who responded had subjective
      improvement consisting of weight gain (greater than or equal to 10% of body
      weight), improvement of performance status (greater than or equal 10% in
      Karnofsky index), and a decreased need for pain medication.

PMID- 380807
TI  - Left ventricular load, arterial impedance and their interrelationship.

PMID- 380808
TI  - Spectrophotometric determination of oxygen saturation of blood independent of the
      presence of indocyanine green.
AB  - The strong absorbance of indocyanine green in a broad band around lambda = 800 nm
      invalidates the usual spectrophotometric two-wavelength methods for measuring
      oxygen saturation operating in the red and near infrared region. By proper
      wavelength selection, however, the effect of the dye can be eliminated. With the
      two-wavelength method utilising lambda = 660 and 860 nm oxygen saturation is
      measured virtually independent of the presence of indocyanine green.

PMID- 380809
TI  - [Rheology of the blood. II].

PMID- 380810
TI  - The location of LH-RH neurons in the rat hypothalamus and their pathways to the
      median eminence. Experimental immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay.
AB  - The location of the perikarya of LH-RH neurons in the rat hypothalamus and their
      pathways to the median eminence were studied by immunohistochemistry and
      radioimmunoassay after placing stereotaxic electrolytic lesions in several parts
      of the hypothalamus. The principal location of the cell somata was found to be in
      the ventral part of the medial preoptic area; their pathways were classified into
      a main baso-lateral pathway and an accessory descending pathway branching off
      from the former. The main pathway was found to cross in the vicinity of the
      corresponding neuronal perikarya. The central median eminence and the dorsal and
      ventral walls of the tubero-infundibular sulcus of the caudal part of the median
      eminence are innervated mainly by the baso-lateral pathway. On the other hand,
      the rostral and most caudal protions of the median eminence are innervated
      principally by the descending pathway and have a subsidiary dual innervation. The
      projection of LH-RH neurons to the OVLT is believed to originate from perikarya
      adjacent to this circumventricular organ.

PMID- 380813
TI  - Splinting periodontially involved teeth with removable partial dentures.

PMID- 380811
TI  - Distribution of actin and myosin in muscle and non-muscle cells.
AB  - Specific anti-actin and anti-myosin antibodies were shown to react in single and
      double immunofluorescence sandwich tests with identical sites in non-muscle cells
      in frozen sections of tissues and in cultured cells. In tissues, both antibodies
      reacted with liver cell membranes, parts of renal glomeruli, brush borders and
      peritubular fibrils of renal tubules, brain synaptic junctions, and membranes of
      lymphoid cells in thymic medulla, lymph nodes and spleen. Both antibodies reacted
      strongly with long parallel cytoplasmic fibrils in cultured fibroblasts, and with
      disrupted fibrils in cytochalasin-B treated cells. In neuroblastoma cells both
      antibodies gave prominent staining of growth cones and microspikes. The
      observation that the distribution of myosin parallels that of actin in non-muscle
      cells argues strongly in favour of a functional interaction between the two
      molecules in the generation of contractile activity in non-muscle cells.

PMID- 380814
TI  - Two-piece dowel cores for endodontically treated molars.

PMID- 380815
TI  - The rise of dentistry as a special field. How and why we grew up apart from the
      field of medicine.

PMID- 380812
TI  - Immunohistochemical localization of secretory proteins in the endometrial
      epithelium of the rabbit.
AB  - Proteins of uterine fluid and lung homogenates of the rabbit were separated by
      gel and ion exchange chromatography. Purified protein fractions were used for
      immunisation and antiserum production. By means of several absorptions, six
      monospecific antisera against uteroglobin and five other proteins were obtained.
      Using immunohistochemistry, four of them could be localised in the uterine
      epithelium from oestrus and the first and the seventh day post coitum, and also
      in the blastocyst. The present study indicates the involvement of different
      endometrial cells in the synthesis and release of the various proteins of uterine
      secretion.

PMID- 380816
TI  - Oral manifestations of cutaneous disease.

PMID- 380817
TI  - Natural killer cell activity in reticulum cell sarcomas (RCS) of SJL/J mice.

PMID- 380818
TI  - Properties of reticulum cell sarcomas in SJL/J mice. VII. Nature of normal
      lymphoid cells proliferating in response to tumor cells.

PMID- 380819
TI  - Generation by lipopolysaccharide of a late-acting soluble suppressor of antibody
      synthesis.

PMID- 380820
TI  - Age-dependent macrophage functions in New Zealand black mice.

PMID- 380822
TI  - Hypothesis. The physiological regulation of immunity: differential regulatory
      contributions of peripheral and central lymphon compartments.

PMID- 380821
TI  - Immunologic reconstitution, autoimmunity, and T-cell immune deficiencies.

PMID- 380823
TI  - Variation among mouse strains in responsiveness to migration inhibitory factor.

PMID- 380824
TI  - The role of cementogenesis in periodontal disease.

PMID- 380825
TI  - Effect of surface preparation on bond strength of nonprecious and semi-precious
      alloys.

PMID- 380826
TI  - [Hemorrhage in relation to general dentistry].

PMID- 380827
TI  - Metabolic and mutagenicity studies on DDT and 15 derivatives. Detection of 1,1
      bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane and 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2
      trichloroethyl acetate (kelthane acetate) as mutagens in Salmonella typhimurium
      and of 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene oxide, a likely metabolite, as an
      alkylating agent.
AB  - Using a novel in vitro technique, whereby microsomal enzymes were embedded in an
      agar layer to prolong their viability, 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene(DDNU), a
      mammalian metabolite of 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (DDT), was
      converted by microsomal mono-oxygenases of mouse liver into 1,1-bis(p
      chlorophenyl)-1,2-ethanediol (DDNU-diol). The putative epoxide intermediate, 1,1
      bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene oxide (DDNU-oxide), a new compound, was synthesized;
      it showed weak alkylating activity with 4-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridine but was not
      mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and TA98. DDT and 13 of its
      metabolites or putative synthetic derivatives, including 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)
      2,2-dichloroethylene (DDE), 1 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2-chloroethylene (DDMU),
      1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2-chloroethane (DDMS)-DDNU, 2,2-bis(p
      chlorophenyl)ethanol (DDOH), bis(p-chlorophenyl)acetic acid (DDA) and 1,1-bis(p
      chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethanol (Kethane), caused no mutagenic effects in S.
      typhimurium strains TA100 or TA98, either in the presence or absence of a mouse
      liver microsomal fraction. 1,1-Bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethyl acetate
      (Kelthane acetate) was a direct-acting mutagen in strain TA100, whereas 1,1-bis(p
      chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane (DDD) was mutagenic in TA98, only in the
      presence of a mouse-liver microsomal system. The results are discussed in
      relation to possible pathways whereby DDT is activated to mutagenic and/or
      carcinogenic metabolites.

PMID- 380828
TI  - Ellipticines as potent inhibitors of microsomes-dependent chemical mutagenesis.
AB  - 9-Hydroxyellipticine (9-OHE), an inhibitor of microsomal monooxygenase activities
      has been shown to exert a large or even complete decrease of the mutagenicity, on
      the Salmonella strains of a great number of compounds (aromatic amines,
      polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, fungal toxins, azo compounds, tobacco smoke
      condensate). 9-OHE and 9-fluoroellipticine are more potent inhibitors than
      ellipticine itself. The inhibitions exerted by 9-OHE are not even equalled by 10
      fold higher doses of 7,8-benzoflavone (7,8-BF). There is a good correlation
      between these data and the interaction properties of ellipticines with microsomal
      cytochromes P-450.

PMID- 380829
TI  - Mechanisms of action of carcinogenic aromatic amines: an investigation using
      mutagenesis in bacteria.
AB  - The mutagenicities of groups of N-acetoxy-N-arylacetamides, nitroarenes,
      arylamides and arylamines were determined in the Salmonella typhimurium tester
      stains TA98, TA1538, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537. Three broad classes of mutagenic
      activity were found, interpreted as follows: class A, including 2-naphthylamine,
      produced essentially only base-pair substitution without induction of error-prone
      repair; class B, including 4-aminobiphenyl, caused consideration induction of
      error-prone repair, accompanied by a lower level of frame shifting; class C,
      including N-acetoxy-2-acetamidofluorene, produced high levels of frame shifting,
      with some induction of error-prone repair. Correlation of these results with
      known reactions of certain aromatic amine derivatives with nucleosides and
      nucleic acids, and with molecular orbital calculations, suggests that the effect
      of class A is produced by small aromatic groups attached to extranuclear
      heteroatoms in DNA bases, the effect of class B is caused by large aromatic
      groups attached to extranuclear heteroatoms or by arylamines attached to C-8 of
      guanine, while the effect of class C is caused by arylamides attached to C-8 of
      guanine, probably rotating into the helix, as proposed by others. The data also
      suggest that the N-acetoxy-N-arylacetamides are generally useful models for
      ultimate metabolites derived in vivo, even if the in vivo metabolites do not
      carry an acetyl group. Finally, there is a rough correlation between the sum of
      reversions induced in TA98 and TA100 by the N-acetoxy-N-arylacetamides and their
      previously determined local carcinogenicities. There is a poor correlation
      between mutagenicity in any one tester strain and carcinogenicity.

PMID- 380830
TI  - [Cancer of the gastric stump (author's transl)].
AB  - On the evidence of 24 cases of cancer of the gastric stump the authors discuss
      the real incidence of this dread complication; they conclude that starting 8
      years after primary surgery, all patients carrying a gastric stump must be
      regarded as high-risk subjects for malignancy; further, they recommend that
      pyloro-gastrectomy after Billroth (II) be considered for execution in young
      patients with all possible reluctance.

PMID- 380831
TI  - [Utilization of some immunological parameters in the diagnosis of carcinoma of
      the pancreas (author's transl)].

PMID- 380833
TI  - [Osteosarcoma: current views on pathology and new therapeutic perspectives. II:
      Criteria of prognosis and treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors review recent studies and trials concerning the treatment of
      osteosarcoma, with special attention to current trends in immunology, radiology,
      surgery, and chemotherapy. Progress in immunobiological research seems to promise
      interesting practical developments; even today, however, modern chemotherapy
      combined with suitable ablative surgery affords a remarkably better prognosis for
      this malignancy.

PMID- 380832
TI  - [Paraneoplastic syndromes in cancer of the kidney (author's transl)].
AB  - Starting with the description of their own observations of paraneoplastic
      syndromes in adult patients with cancer of the kidneys, the authors discuss the
      possible pathogenetic mechanisms and the more characteristic clinical features of
      said syndrome. They conclude by advocating a systematic search for such
      paraneoplastic syndromes as an aid to early diagnosis of renal malignancy and
      also as a working parameter for assessing the evolution of the tumor and the
      effectiveness of treatment.

PMID- 380835
TI  - [Occlusion of the retinal vein: anticoagulants and fibrinolytics (urokinase).
      Initial results of a randomized study].

PMID- 380834
TI  - [Ophthalmology and traditional medicine in China today].

PMID- 380836
TI  - Mechanisms of cardiodepression in endotoxin shock.

PMID- 380837
TI  - Lipid metabolism in endotoxic shock.
AB  - A brief overview of the alterations in the control of free fatty acid (FFA) and
      triglyceride (TG) turnover following the administration of Escherichia coli
      endotoxin is presented. Hormone-sensitive lipase activity was increased following
      either in vivo or in vitro administration of endotoxin. In conscious dogs, the
      rate of appearance of glycerol was also increased while that of FFA was not
      changed, indicating that in addition to increased lipolysis, increased
      reesterification in the adipose tissue may also be present. Myocardial
      utilization of FFA was decreased and that of lactate increased following
      endotoxin both in vivo and in vitro using isolated myocytes. Both myocardial and
      adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity were decreased following endotoxin,
      indicating a possible decrease in TG removal by these tissues. Additional studies
      are warranted to further elucidate the interrelation between the changes of lipid
      and carbohydrate metabolism and those of hemodynamics in shock.

PMID- 380838
TI  - Ketotifen in childhood asthma: a double-blind placebo controlled trial.
AB  - In a three week double-blind cross-over controlled trial in twenty asthmatic
      children, ketotifen (HC 20-511, 'Zaditen', Sandoz) showed no significant
      difference from placebo, although there was a consistent trend in favour of the
      active drug.

PMID- 380839
TI  - Applications of bio- and chemiluminescence in the clinical laboratory.

PMID- 380840
TI  - Multi-channel, probe colorimeter for use with the micr-ELISA test, which makes
      use of disposable flat-bottom microhemagglutination plates.
AB  - We describe a multiprobe colorimeter that permits the reading of enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in situ, by use of microhemagglutination plates. The
      use of dipping probes eliminates interference from meniscus effects and air
      bubble entrapment. Detailed validation tests have been done and potential sources
      of inaccuracy identified.

PMID- 380841
TI  - Enzyme immunoassay for serum lidocaine in antiarrhythmic therapy.
AB  - We have adapted the commercially available EMIT kit [Clin. Chem. 23, 1161 (1977)]
      to the Gilford System 3500 Analyzer. Sample volume is 10 microliter. We compare
      reagent blank-corrected absorbance changes at 340 nm between 15 and 55 s for
      samples and a series of calibrators, and calculate results with use of a
      logarithmic transformation. Within-run precision (CV) for a serum pool with 4.0
      mg of added lidocaine per liter was 2.7% (n = 45); day-to-day precision was 3.3%
      (n = 15). Analytical recoveries of 2 to 6 mg of lidocaine per liter were 90-102%
      (average, 97.3%). Results correlated significantly with those by a gas
      chromatographic technique. No clinically significant interferences by
      concomitantly administered medications were observed. The procedure is rapid (42
      samples per hour) and is well suited to the fast response required in monitoring
      lidocaine therapy. Usefulness of the assay data in the management of arrhythmias
      in the coronary care unit is discussed.

PMID- 380842
TI  - Importance of blood-collection tubes in plasma lidocaine determinations.
AB  - In 25 clinical samples serum lidocaine concentrations fell from a mean of 6.5 +/-
      2.1 mg/L (mean +/- SD) to 4.9 +/- 1.8 mg/L (p less than 0.001) when the blood
      sample was allowed to make contact with the stopper of the Vacutainer collection
      tube. In vitro experiments showed that this effect of the stopper occurred only
      with whole blood and was dependent on sample concentration. The plasma binding of
      lidocaine decreased from a normal value of 56% +/- 2.2 (mean +/- SD) to 28% +/-
      2.2 (p less than 0.001) when exposed to the Vacutainer stopper. We conclude that
      a chemical leached from such stoppers displaces lidocaine from its plasma-binding
      sites and that the drug is then redistributed into the erythrocytes, producing
      spuriously low lidocaine concentrations in plasma or serum. Such artifacts are
      important in therapeutic drug monitoring and can lead to erroneous clinical
      decisions.

PMID- 380843
TI  - Analytical luminescence: its potential in the clinical laboratory.
AB  - The various types of chemiluminescent and bioluminescent reactions are described.
      Applications of luminescence in the analysis of substancs of clinical interest
      are surveyed. The advantages, disadvantages, and prospects for luminescent assays
      are discussed.

PMID- 380844
TI  - Fluorescence protection immunoassay: a new homogeneous assay technique.
AB  - We describe a "fluorescence protection immunoassay," in which formation of an
      immune complex of a fluorescer-labeled antigen sterically protects the fluorescer
      from binding by antibodies to it. Competitive binding of unlabeled antigen by its
      antibody prevents formation of the fluorescer-labeled antigen immune complex, and
      allows anti-fluorescein to quench the fluorescence by binding to the fluorescer.
      This phenomenon is the basis of a new homogeneous assay technique that requires
      no separation step. The steric exclusion of anti-fluorescein from fluorescein
      labeled human IgG immune complexes was altered by changing the molecular
      dimensions ob both antifluorescein and the immune complex. The assay did not
      require highly purified fluorescein-labeled human IgG. An assay is demonstrated
      in which was used a fluorescein-labeled human IgG conjugate containing IgG that
      was only 10% pure. Measurement of IgG in human serum samples correlated well with
      results by radial immunodiffusion. The method is applicable to the assay of both
      proteins and analytes of low molecular mass.

PMID- 380845
TI  - A systems approach to fluorescent immunoassay: general principles and
      representative applications.
AB  - We have developed an automated system for the immunoassay of subnanogram
      quantities of clinically interesting compounds by molecular fluorescence. The
      system includes all the necessary reagents and an automated fluorometer. The
      microprocessor-based instrument consists of a measurement and data-processing
      module and an automated sampling unit. With use of 10 pmol/L amounts of
      fluorescent dyes such as fluorescein, measurements with precision and accuracy of
      1--3% are attained. In a competitive-binding fluorescence immunoassay, antigen
      labeled with a fluorescent dye competes with antigen in the sample or standard
      for a limited amount of antibody immobilized on a polyacrylamide bead 2--5
      micrometers in diameter. After separating antibody-bound from free tracer, we
      measure the amount of fluorescence bound to the beads. In representative example
      assays, correlation of fluorescence immunoassay (y) with a reference
      radioimmunoassay (x) of thyroxine was y = 1.01x + 13 nmol/L, r = 0.98.
      Correlation of fluorescence immunoassay (y) with a reference radioimmunoassay (x)
      of triiodothyronine was y = 0.99x + 0.004 nmol/L, r = 0.96.

PMID- 380846
TI  - [Obesity and ovarian hormones (author's transl)].

PMID- 380848
TI  - [Determination of serum insulin levels by enzyme immunoassay (author's transl)].

PMID- 380847
TI  - [Etiological aspect of endocrine abnormalities in experimental obesity (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 380849
TI  - Implementing a computer-based electro-oculographic analysis system.
AB  - Electro-oculographic recordings of caloric-induced nystagmus were conducted in a
      number of normal and disordered subjects. On the basis of the results,
      implementation of a clinical measuring system is considered; this is based on the
      interbeat interval, selected in view of its favourable sensitivity and stability.
      Two stages of processing are involved; first, the determination of the interbeat
      intervals, second the analysis. The first stage has been implemented off-line on
      a general purpose computer and also, in on-line mode, by special purpose
      electronics. The second stage requires computer analysis. We have used the rank
      magnitude sequences of interbeat intervals as the basis of the analysis.

PMID- 380851
TI  - Alan Anderson Finlayson MB, ChB, FRCS (Edin).

PMID- 380850
TI  - Normal and pathological mucosa of the middle ear and eustachian tube.

PMID- 380852
TI  - Impact of genetic counseling: a review of published follow-up studies.
AB  - Retrospective follow-up studies on the impact of genetic conseling, published
      since 1970, are reviewed in the present paper. Particular attention has been paid
      to evaluation of understanding of genetic information, planning of later
      pregnancies and real changes in family composition. A rather wide divergence was
      found with regard to these three parameters, probably more related to the design
      of the studies than to a divergence in counselees' understanding and decisions,
      emphasizing that more, and especially more methodologically sound studies are
      necessary to evaluate the impact of genetic counseling.

PMID- 380853
TI  - Research in leprosy. A report of a committee set up by the medical research
      council to study future prospects.
AB  - Recommendations for future research in leprosy include (i) cultivation of M.
      leprae in vitro; (ii) genetic control of susceptibility, including twin studies
      and HLA typing; (iii) precise antigenic analysis of M. leprae; (iv) mechanisms
      involved in the macrophage response to mycobacterial infections; (v) more use of
      experimental models such as normal mice infected with M. lepraemurium; (vi)
      reassessment of the protection afforded by BCG; (vii) assessment of protection
      afforded by killed (armadillo) M. leprae vaccine; (viii) pathogenesis of erythema
      nodosum leprosum including a study of the effect of thalidomide; and (ix)
      development of in vitro systems for drug sensitivity testing.

PMID- 380854
TI  - Antibodies to histones in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Antibodies to histones were investigated in the serum of forty-five patients with
      spontaneously occurring systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who were not receiving
      any form of treatment. Twenty-three had active and twenty-two had inactive
      disease. Thos with active disease were also studied after the initiation of
      corticosteroid treatment to determine the effect of treatment on anti-histone
      antibodies. Both a complement fixation method and indirect immunofluorescence of
      acid-eluted histone-reconstituted tissue sections were used, with excellent
      correlation between these two methods. Eleven of the forty-five SLE patients, but
      none of forty-five normal controls had antibodies to histone. Untreated patients
      with active and inactive disease had a similar incidence of antibodies to
      histone. They disappeared, however, soon after the initiation of treatment in the
      patients with active disease. Patients with antibodies to histones had a higher
      prevalence of cutaneous vasculitis, anaemia, lupus nephropathy and Raynaud's
      phenomenon, but a lower prevalence of lupus brain involvement than those without
      such antibodies. Only the latter, however, reached statistical significance.

PMID- 380855
TI  - The kinetics and quality of acquired resistance in self-healing and metastatic
      leishmaniasis.
AB  - Quantitative methods for enumerating viable L. enriettii in tissues have been
      used to determine the course of cutaneous leishmaniasis in guinea-pigs. The
      development and kinetics of acquired resistance have been evaluated in self
      healing and chronic metastatic forms of the disease. It is revealed that 3 weeks
      after a primary local infection, a standard challenge infection is totally
      eliminated within 7 days. This resistance is as strong in animals with a current
      infection as it is in those that have fully recovered from such an infection.
      Animals developing metastatic disease also develop resistance to the standard
      challenge. This is initially as strong as in animals with only localized disease,
      but wanes with the progression of the infection. Although the quality of
      resistance becomes poorer in animals with metastatic infection, it is not lost
      completely. The relationship between acquired resistance and the resolution of
      the primary infection is discussed.

PMID- 380856
TI  - Specificity of the macrophage spreading test with reference to Leishmania
      antigens and correlation with delayed hypersensitivity.
AB  - The inhibition of the macrophage spreading test, claimed to be an in vitro
      correlate of delayed hypersensitivity, was examined in guinea-pigs immunized with
      L. enriettii and L. tropica soluble antigens. Cells from peritoneal washings of
      the guinea-pigs were tested in presence of the homologous and heterologous
      antigens and also without antigen. Inhibition of macrophage spreading compared to
      control preparations was noted only in the presence of the homologous antigen
      when the skin test response of the donor animal was relatively small. The degree
      of inhibition decreased as the skin test volume increased and when skin test
      volumes were large there was actual stimulation of macrophage spreading, rather
      than inhibition. The addition of heterologous antigen to the peritoneal cell
      preparation always resulted in the augmentation of macrophage spreading above
      control levels. The possible mechanisms of this in vitro technique and its use as
      a taxonomic or diagnostic tool are discussed.

PMID- 380857
TI  - Circulating immune complexes in serum from patients with dengue haemorrhagic
      fever.
AB  - Circulating immune complexes were detectable in 80% of serum from patients with
      dengue haemorrhagic fever. The immune complexes were detected for the first time
      on day two after the onset of the fever. The amount of complexes reached the
      maximum value on day 4 or 5 after onset, or when the patients developed shock or
      subsidence of fever, after which the complexes decreased in number. The number of
      complexes also correlated well with the clinical grading (severity) of the
      disease, i.e. the maximum amount was shown in grade III. These complexes may play
      a part in the pathogenesis of this disease.

PMID- 380860
TI  - The sympathetic innervation of the mammalian ovary. A review of pharmacological
      and histological studies.

PMID- 380861
TI  - Bacterial sepsis in the newborn.

PMID- 380862
TI  - Epidemics of infectious diseases in newborn nurseries.
AB  - The newborn nursery is a frequent site of epidemics of infectious disease. The
      unique susceptibility of neonates to colonization, their intimate exposure to
      hospital personnel, and their frquent contact with possibly contaminated
      inanimate objects are major factors contributing to the risk of nursery
      epidemics. Most  of the epidemics described have been caused by bacteria; the
      role of viruses in nosocomial infections is not well defined but is undoubtedly
      greater than presently appreciated. All bacteria implicated in nursery epidemics
      have the capacity to survive or even multiply in the environment or on human skin
      or to cause gastrointestinal disease. Analysis of the etiologic bacteria, the
      epidemiology of outbreaks studied, and extensive clinical research indicate that
      bacterial transmission in this setting occurs primarily by manual contact and
      very infrequently by the respiratory route. The cornerstone of a program to
      prevent infectious diseases in the nursery consists of active, disease-oriented
      surveillance by specially trained personnel; microbiologic surveillance is
      important only when specifically indicated. Practical technical considerations
      for prevention of infectious diseases in nurseries are available. Programs to
      eradicate an ongoing epidemic must be individualized.

PMID- 380864
TI  - Symmetrical osteomyelitis of the lower extremities.

PMID- 380863
TI  - Pregnancy-associated macroglobulin in patients with seminoma testis: the
      influence of serum PAM on in vitro T-cell assays.

PMID- 380865
TI  - Renal uptake of 99mTc-sulfur colloid in liver transplant patients.
AB  - There was renal uptake of 99mTc-sulfur colloid in liver-spleen studies performed
      on three liver transplant patients. Unlike all previously reported patients, none
      was in congestive heart failure. The mechanism of this uptake is unknown, but in
      our three patients it did not correlate with hepatic or renal function.

PMID- 380866
TI  - Renal transplantation in children and adolescents.

PMID- 380867
TI  - Serum potassium and uric acid changes during treatment with timolol alone and in
      combination with a diuretic.
AB  - Timolol, 10 to 40 mg daily, given to 103 patients with uncomplicated arterial
      hypertension induced significant increments of serum potassium at all dose levels
      (p less than 0.05). The magnitude of the increments was dependent on daily
      timolol dosage. When hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride were added, serum
      potassium decreased (p less than 0.001), but a major determinant of the magnitude
      of the decrease was the dosage change of the timolol. Serum uric acid was
      influenced in a paradoxical way during timolol monotherapy; there was a rise in
      all 3 dosage groups (p less than 0.02) but the lowest group showed the largest
      increase and vice versa. On addition of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride, there
      was a further increase in serum uric acid, the magnitude of which depended on the
      concomitant reduction in the dose of timolol, with reductions in dose causing a
      larger rise in serum uric acid and increments, a smaller rise. The increments of
      serum uric acid were greater in females than in males during both treatment
      periods. The results indicate that beta blockers induce dose-dependent rises in
      serum potassium and may counteract undesirable effects of diuretics on serum
      potassium. Beta blockers seem to have a paradoxical effect on serum uric acid and
      may aggravate the hyperuricemia induced by diuretics.

PMID- 380868
TI  - Effect of diclofenac and naproxen on gastroduodenal mucosa.
AB  - The increases in medan scoresfluence on gastroduodenal mucosa of naproxen, 500
      mg/day, and diclofenac, 100 mg/day, for 1 wk was investigated in 14 subjects in a
      double-blind randomized crossover study. Endoscopic examination of the
      gastroduodenal mucosa was carried out before and after each drug with regard to
      gastritis and hemorrhagic and erosive lesions. A 20-cm visual analogue scale was
      used for grading severity of mucosal changes. Naproxen caused statistically
      significant increases inmedian scores for all 3 variables, and 10 subjects showed
      a score increase in at least 1 variable; reaction to diclofenac occurred in only
      4 subjects and the changes in median scores were not significant.

PMID- 380869
TI  - Breast reconstruction: a comprehensive approach.

PMID- 380870
TI  - Skin flaps: an anatomical and hemodynamic approach.

PMID- 380871
TI  - Selection of alternative local flaps in the leg and foot.

PMID- 380872
TI  - Effectiveness of topical steroids in the control of radiation dermatitis: a
      randomised trial using 1% hydrocortisone cream and 0.05% clobetasone butyrate
      (Eumovate).
AB  - Radiation dermatitis often presents as a problem for patients and radiotherapists
      during treatment. Topical corticosteroids have been shown to have an anti
      inflammatory effect in the treatment of many skin diseases and are commonly
      prescribed during a course of radiation treatment. A comparison of two different
      steroid creams, 1% hydrocortisone cream and 0.05% clobetasone butyrate
      (Eumovate), in a double blind trial was carried out in 54 patients undergoing
      radiation therapy for breast cancer. 'The cream' was administered when patients
      reached a given dose of 2000 rad (or earlier if required) whether a skin reaction
      was present or not. The aim of the trial was to evaluate the general
      effectiveness of steroids in controlling radiation dermatitis and whether one
      type of cream was superior to the other. The majority of patients using either
      cream derived benefit in its soothing effect. There was, however, a significant
      difference in the intensity of reactions seen, patients using clobetasone
      butyrate developed more severe radiation reactions despite both groups having
      similar radiation doses. The possibility of two differing populations having
      different responses to radiation is discussed as is the 'breakthrough phenomenon'
      described in the literature. It is concluded that neither cream should be used as
      first choice in the control of radiation dermatitis.

PMID- 380873
TI  - Venous aortography--a forgotten technique.
AB  - A simple technique of venous aortography is described. Eleven patients were
      examined, 10 with suspected aortic aneurysms. The diagnosis was confirmed in six
      cases and the relationship of the aneurysm to the renal arteries shown in five of
      them. Three patients were shown to have a normal aorta. One patient with a
      suspected saddle embolus was shown to have a normal aorta and iliac arteries.
      There was one failure but there were no serious complications. The technique is a
      reliable and simple method of visualising arotic aneurysms, especially if
      subtraction prints are made.

PMID- 380875
TI  - [Comparative study of the therapeutic efficacy and tolerance of lysine p
      isobutylphenylpropionate and diclofenac in variously located forms of arthrosis].

PMID- 380874
TI  - Minimising side effects in lumbar radiculography.
AB  - An attempt was made to reduce the side effects associated with the use of
      Metrizamide in lumbar radiculography by the removal of the contrast medium on
      completion of the examination. Almost complete removal was achieved in 103
      patients and of these 73% had no symptoms after examination, while 8% had severe
      symptoms. Eleven of 14 patients in whom removal was not attempted or was not
      successful had significant symptoms after examination. It is concluded that
      aspiration of Metrizamide will reduce the incidence and severity of the side
      effects associated with the use of this contrast medium.

PMID- 380877
TI  - [Therapy of acute and chronic diarrhea in adults. I].

PMID- 380876
TI  - [Controlled study of the liver-protective effect of cycloxilic acid in a form of
      iatrogenic liver disease].

PMID- 380878
TI  - [Treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency].

PMID- 380879
TI  - [Therapy of chronic diarrhea in adults. II].

PMID- 380880
TI  - [Diazoxide in arterial hypertensive emergencies].

PMID- 380881
TI  - [Double-blind clinical study of the therapeutic use of new antacid:
      hydrotalcite].

PMID- 380882
TI  - [Iatrogenic manifestations during corticosteroid therapy: clinical trial of a new
      chronopluricorticoid agent].

PMID- 380884
TI  - [Medical therapy of gastric ulcer].

PMID- 380883
TI  - [Comparative clinical trial of trithiozine and cimetidine in duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 380885
TI  - Technical background information report on carcinogenesis bioassay of 1,2
      dibromoethane (EDB).

PMID- 380886
TI  - ECG changes on butriptyline.

PMID- 380888
TI  - [Growing pain - a personal memory (6)].

PMID- 380887
TI  - Desipramine plasma levels and clinical response in depressed outpatients.

PMID- 380889
TI  - The doctor and the district nurse.

PMID- 380890
TI  - Inaugural address of Edward A. Kamens, M.D., incoming president of the
      Connecticut State Medical Society.

PMID- 380891
TI  - Statistical analysis of factors predisposing to candiduria.

PMID- 380893
TI  - Introduction: thirty years of 'chronic pyelonephritis'.

PMID- 380892
TI  - Inhibition of ovulation in women by intranasal treatment with a luteinizing
      hormone-releasing hormone agonist.

PMID- 380894
TI  - Immunobacteriological aspects of pyelonephritis.

PMID- 380895
TI  - Immunopathology of human tubulo-interstitial diseases: localization of
      immunoglobulins complement and Tamm-Horsfall protein.

PMID- 380896
TI  - Immunologically mediated tubulo-interstitial nephritis in children.
AB  - 14 children with proven or presumably immunologically mediated tubulo
      interstitial nephritis are presented. In 2 patients anti-tubular basement
      membrane antibodies were detected. In 6 immunofluorescence microscopy showed
      granular deposits of immunoglobulin and/or complement likely representing
      interstitial location of immune complexes. The findings by immunofluorescence
      were not significant in the remaining 6 patients. However, the association of
      renal disease to extra-renal disorders, namely chronic active hepatitis and
      ulcerative colitis, or uveitis or the presence of an epithelioid granuloma with
      multinucleated giant cells suggests that in such patients an immunologic disorder
      might be responsible for the tubulo-interstitial nephritis.

PMID- 380897
TI  - Immunological aspects of pyelonephritis.
AB  - Several virulence factors, such as O and K antigens and capacity to attach to
      uroepithelial cells, seem to be required for Escheria coli to cause acute
      pyelonephritis. These factors induce an immune response, however, which can
      modify the course and clinical expression of the infection. During acute
      pyelonephritis, autoantibodies to the Tamm-Horsfall protein increase. These
      antibodies, which probably are evoked by a cross-reaction noted between
      structures of E. coli LPS and the Tamm-Horsfall protein, may add to the renal
      tissue engagement in interstitial nephritis caused by bacterial pyelonephritis.

PMID- 380898
TI  - Differential diagnosis of urinary tract infection by immunological methods.

PMID- 380899
TI  - Diagnosis of renal and urinary tract infection by recent techniques.

PMID- 380900
TI  - Study of renal protein excretion in chronic pyelonephritis.

PMID- 380901
TI  - Renal damage due to urinary tract infection.
AB  - Chronic pyelonephritis is a disease of childhood which is carried on into adult
      life. Children under the age of 4 in whom UTI, vesico-ureteric reflux and
      pyelotubular back-flow coexist appear to be particularly at risk of developing
      kidney damage. Attempts to prevent kidney damage in adults by detection and
      treatment of covert UTI are doomed to failure because persistent bacteriuria in
      the adult is a consequence of underlying abnormality of the urinary tract rather
      than its cause. Our main hope for the prevention of kidney damage associated with
      bacteriuria and reflux is to detect and treat these conditions at the earliest
      possible age.

PMID- 380902
TI  - Prophylaxis and therapy of venous thromboembolism.
AB  - Heparin is an anticoagulant drug which is used for the prophylaxis and treatment
      of venous thromboembolism and for the treatment of some cases of arterial
      thromboembolism. Venous thromboembolism is the commonest preventable cause of
      death in hospitalized patients, and the best approach to reduce its morbidity and
      mortality is the use of safe, effective, prophylaxis in patients at high risk.
      The use of low doses of heparin given s.c. (5000 units, 8 hourly)) has been shown
      in prospective clinical trials to be effective prophylaxis against venous
      thrombosis and nonfatal and fatal pulmonary embolism in patients undergoing
      general abdominothoracic surgery, without producing dangerous bleeding. Low-dose
      heparin, however, is not totally effective in patients undergoing hip surgery and
      suprapubic prostatectomy. The lack of benefit in these patients may be related to
      the intensity of the provocation to thrombosis. The use of heparin in large doses
      to treat thrombosis is associated with hemorrhagic complications in up to 30% of
      patients. There is evidence that continuous i.v. heparin is associated with fewer
      hemorrhagic complications than intermittent i.v. heparin, but the frequency is
      not related to the dose or to the use of laboratory monitoring. Hemorrhagic
      complications occur more frequently in elderly patients and in females and is
      more common following surgical operations. The frequency of recurrent venous
      thromboembolism is low in patients on therapeutic doses of heparin, and there is
      no difference in the frequency of recurrence in patients receiving heparin by
      continuous i.v. or intermittent i.v. administration.

PMID- 380903
TI  - Continuous in vivo oxygen saturation in newborn infants with pulmonary disease: a
      new fiberoptic catheter oximeter.
AB  - We measured the in vivo oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the arterial blood of
      34 sick newborn infants with a new, rapidly responding, continuously recording,
      catheter oximeter. The oxygen saturation, SaO2, was found to fluctuate between 85
      and 95% in infants with pulmonary disease who are in a stable condition and
      breathing spontaneously. Severe disaturation occurred during apnea and after
      procedures such as chest percussion and suctioning of the endotrachael tube. The
      effects of changes in respiratory therapy were quickly manifested by changes in
      SaO2. This was particularly useful in guiding resuscitation of newborn infants
      who were asphyxiated at birth. Blood sampling for measurement of PaO2 can be done
      less frequently, reducing the need for blood transfusions in small infants.

PMID- 380904
TI  - Cardiorespiratory monitoring in postoperative patients: I. Prediction of outcome
      and severity of illness.
AB  - An index for prediction of outcome for use as a measure of the severity of
      illness was developed by a nonparametric multivariate analysis of
      cardiorespiratory data from 113 critically ill postoperative general surgical
      patients. This severity (predictive) index was based on a computerized algorithm
      that compares a given observed value with the frequency distributions of
      survivors and nonsurvivors. The difference in the mean values of this index for
      survivors and nonsurvivors was statistically significant (p less than 0.001)
      during each stage of shock. Sensitivity of the index in prediction of survival
      ranged from 70-93% depending upon stage, the specificity of the index ranged from
      76-92%, and the predictive accuracy ranged from 87-96%. The severity index is
      used as a process measure to track the course of critically ill patients and to
      evaluate the efficacy of alternative therapies.

PMID- 380905
TI  - Cardiorespiratory monitoring in postoperative patients: II. Quantitative
      therapeutic indices as guides to therapy.
AB  - Immediate (proximate) and late (optimal) therapeutic goals for critically ill
      postoperative general surgical patients were based on the frequency distributions
      of cardiorespiratory data of the survivors immediately after resuscitation and in
      the late stage of shock, respectively. An algorithm was developed which expresses
      in quantitative terms the distance from observed values for each variable to both
      of these therapeutic goals. Further, composite indices were also made of related
      cardiorespiratory variables that reflect the important aspects of acute
      circulatory failure and its therapy; i.e., volume, flow, tissue perfusion, oxygen
      transport, and bodily response to stress. The therapeutic indices of nonsurvivors
      were found to have greater mean deficits that survivors (p less than 0.05) during
      all but the middle stage of shock. The therapeutic indices greatly aid in the
      organization and display of monitored cardiorespiratory variables by expressing
      the circulatory defects in easily understood indices that can be related to
      therapeutic interventions. Moreover, the interactions of the various aspects of
      cardiorespiratory function before and after therapy may be easily observed.

PMID- 380906
TI  - Adult and pediatric training programs in critical care medicine.

PMID- 380907
TI  - Complication of Swan-Ganz catheter.

PMID- 380908
TI  - Sarcoidosis and its radiologic manifestations.

PMID- 380909
TI  - A double-blind controlled trial of amineptine versus trimipramine in depression.
AB  - A double-blind controlled trial was carried out in 50 depressed out-patients to
      compare the effectiveness and tolerability of amineptine (200 mg per day) with
      that of trimipramine (75 mg per day). Patients were allocated at random to
      receive one or other of the trial drugs over a period of 45 days. Assessments
      were made before, during and after treatment of a number of target symptom
      clusters. Whilst overall response to treatment was the same with both drugs,
      trimipramine was superior in those patients presenting with anxiety and insomnia.
      Amineptine, however, was more effective not only against depressive mood and
      psychomotor retardation, but also against loss of libido, hypochondriacal
      features and social withdrawal. Both drugs were relatively well tolerated, but
      trimipramine had a sedative effect which proved troublesome in some patients.

PMID- 380910
TI  - Cross-over trial comparing the antidepressant effects of amineptine and
      maprotiline.
AB  - A double-blind controlled, cross-over trial was carried out in 70 depressed
      patients to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of amineptine with that of
      maprotiline. Patients were allocated at random to receive treatment with either
      150 mg amineptine or 75 mg maprotiline daily for 6 weeks before being treated for
      a further 6 weeks with the alternative drug. Comparison of the response to
      treatment at the end of each period showed that amineptine was significantly
      better than maprotiline, and this was particularly marked in the 46 patients with
      exogenous depression where an effect was usually evident within 3 to 5 days. Only
      6 patients in this group failed to show a response to amineptine compared with 19
      to maprotiline. Both drugs appeared to be equally effective overall in patients
      with endogenous depression, although when amineptine was given as the second
      treatment there was an improvement in retardation. Few side-effects were reported
      during either treatment period.

PMID- 380911
TI  - A clinical trial of a spironolactone/thiazide combination in the treatment of
      hypertension in Zambian Africans.

PMID- 380912
TI  - Levamisole (R 12564) in the prevention of recurrent upper respiratory tract
      infections in children: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
AB  - A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in 33 children suffering
      from chronic or recurrent upper respiratory tract infections to assess the
      effectiveness of levamisole in reducing the number, duration, and severity of
      infective episodes. A weight-related dosage of levamisole was used (2.0 to 2.5 mg
      per kg body weight), patients taking a single dose on 1 day per week over an
      autumn-winter period of 4 months. The results showed that patients in the
      levamisole-treated group had statistically significantly fewer periods of upper
      respiratory tract infection and when they occurred the episodes were milder and
      shorter in the levamisole group and required less antibiotics. No side-effects
      were noted.

PMID- 380913
TI  - A crossover clinical trial of piroxicam, indomethacin and ibuprofen in rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - A single-blind, crossover trial was carried out in 24 patients with definite or
      classical rheumatoid arthritis to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of
      piroxicam (20 mg once daily) with that of indomethacin (25 mg 3-times daily),
      ibuprofen (400 mg 3-times daily) and placebo. Each drug was given in random order
      for a period of 1 week. Pain, joint tenderness and morning stiffness decreased
      and grip strength increased with piroxicam compared to placebo; no statistically
      significant difference could be found between piroxicam and the two other active
      agents. A reduction in joint circumference could not be demonstrated with
      piroxicam or ibuprofen but most patients did not have reducible swelling in their
      finger joints. Piroxicam was just as effective as the other two drugs overall,
      but fewer side-effects were noted with piroxicam.

PMID- 380914
TI  - The treatment of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency. A double-blind study with
      pentoxifylline ('Trental' 400).

PMID- 380915
TI  - Double-blind clinical trial of the antidepressant action of amineptine.
AB  - A double-blind controlled study was carried out in 51 patients with moderate to
      severe depression to compare the effectiveness and tolerability of amineptine
      (200 mg per day) with that of amitriptyline (75 mg per day) given over a period
      of 6 weeks. Assessments of overall response to treatment, judged clinically,
      taking into account the patients' views, and also comparing total scores on the
      Hamilton Rating Scale, showed that amineptine was equally as effective as
      amitryptyline in producing a marked improvement in most patients. The results
      suggest, however, that amineptine was more rapid in action as well as being
      better tolerated. Analysis of the scores for individual items on the rating scale
      showed up differences between the two drugs in their influence on a number of the
      items and in the time of onset of improvement.

PMID- 380916
TI  - Childhood enuresis.
AB  - Enuresis is not a disease, but rather a benign clinical disorder that is very
      common in young children. In considering the many facets of enuresis, physicians
      caring for children with this disorder should always remember the dictum "Primum
      non nocere". Most children with enuresis will be found to have primary enuresis,
      that is, no organic disease or psychopathology will be found. Physicians should
      proceed cautiously and should avoid costly, harmful and unnecessary workups.
      Treatment of few disorders is more dependent on the art and skill of clinical
      medicine than that of childhood enuresis. All of the physician's talents and
      compassionate nature enter into the proper evaluation of and therapy for this
      disorder. Physicians must keep in mind the high spontaneous cure rate. This
      factor alone should encourage them to be extremely optimistic about the outcome
      of enuresis in their pateints.

PMID- 380918
TI  - Growing old in the black community.

PMID- 380917
TI  - Therapeutic applications of angiography: state of the art.

PMID- 380919
TI  - The Chicano community and its aged.

PMID- 380921
TI  - The elderly: health and mental health care - a nursing challenge.

PMID- 380922
TI  - The subculture of the aging and its implications for health and nursing care to
      the elderly.

PMID- 380920
TI  - Nursing committed to the elderly.

PMID- 380923
TI  - Surgical treatment of renovascular hypertension.

PMID- 380924
TI  - Pharmacologic treatment of aggressive syndromes.

PMID- 380926
TI  - Detoxification from methadone: results and inferences.

PMID- 380925
TI  - Dangers of psychotropic polypharmacy.

PMID- 380927
TI  - Levo-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) for opiate addiction.

PMID- 380928
TI  - Race and psychotherapy: changing perspectives.

PMID- 380929
TI  - Threescore and thirteen tangential therapies--a review and integration.

PMID- 380930
TI  - Technological developments in psychiatric diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 380931
TI  - Malignant melanoma and its therapy: a review.
AB  - Malignant melanoma (MM) is an important cutaneous neoplasm. In classic cases,
      histologic levels of tumor invasion have been used as indicators of prognosis.
      Recent research suggests that vertical tumor thickness may be an equally valuable
      guide to prognosis and also to therapy. The standard surgical approach of wide
      excision and regional lymph node dissection may not be mandatory for all patients
      with MM. Regional perfusion of accessible primary tumors as an adjunct to surgery
      has yielded encouraging results. Immunotherapy of MM alone and in combination
      with chemotherapy may improve the poor outlook for disseminated MM.

PMID- 380932
TI  - Uremic pruritus: a review.
AB  - The subject of itching associated with renal failure is discussed. Possible
      pathogenetic mechanisms and available therapeutic modalities are presented.

PMID- 380934
TI  - Protoplast formation and the visualization of nuclei in the eukaryotic microbe,
      Achlya.
AB  - Protoplasts have been released form 21 h germlings of the aquatic fungus, Achlya.
      The commercial enzyme preparation Driselase was utilized to digest the hyphal
      walls. Protoplast release began 20 min after incubation at 25 degrees C, and was
      completed by 2 hr after enzyme addition. The fluorescent dye mithramycin was
      utilized to observe nuclei both in tract hyphae and in isolated protoplasts.

PMID- 380933
TI  - The noneffectiveness of neomycin ointment when used prophylactically following
      skin electrodesiccation and curettage.
AB  - Neomycin ointment is shown to be no more effective than placebo ointment in
      preventing site infection after biopsy according to a double-blind, placebo
      controlled study, analyzed according to an armitage restricted design, two-sided
      test, sequential analysis.

PMID- 380936
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment of adults for prosthodontic indications].

PMID- 380935
TI  - Human cells in suspension. 1 Human lymphoid and granulopoietic cells in primary
      and secondary cultures: effects of in vitro induction and prolonged methanol
      acetic acid fixation on metaphase chromosome structure.
AB  - Modifications of Hungerford's method (1965) for production of chromosomal slides
      from human lymphoid cells in culture have been developed. Modified in vitro
      induction of banding and uncoiling has been used to produce chromosomal slides
      from human neoplastic cells of granulopoietic origin. The chromosomes are well
      spread and appear either long, thin and segmented or uncoiled. It is suggested
      that it is the combined action of the prolonged fixation used, and the in vitro
      induction, which leads to the observed structural alteration of the chromosomes.
      A method for increasing the yield of metaphase cells when working with bone
      marrow has been developed on the basis of culturing the granulopoietic cells in
      medium containing colony stimulating factor (CSF). Comparative analysis of
      metaphases from primary and secondary cultures of bone marrow cells showed that
      the culturing conditions for the secondary cultures do not induce chromosome
      abnormalities in the cells during the growth period.

PMID- 380937
TI  - [Toothache and its treatment at the city of Cracow in the 1st half of the 19th
      century].

PMID- 380938
TI  - Positive end-expiratory pressure, constant positive airway pressure, and cardiac
      performance.

PMID- 380939
TI  - Mechanical work on the lungs and work of breathing with positive end-expiratory
      pressure and continuous positive airway pressure.
AB  - The mechanical work on the lung required during spontaneous breathing with
      positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was compared with different methods of
      continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in nine young healthy athletes
      (surfers) at levels of 5, 10, 15, and 20 cm H2O. At the level of 20 cm H2O, PEEP
      increased the mean total work per minute by 116 percent and the total work per
      liter by 121 percent. The percent increase rose linearly with the level of PEEP.
      In contrast, with methods of CPAP that maintained the airway pressure (Paw)
      constant, the total work per minute decreased by 45 per cent at a PEEP of 10 cm
      H2O and remained at this level with PEEP of 15 and 20 cm H2O. Use of PEEP did not
      increase the functional residual capacity (FRC) in these spontaneously breathing
      subjects. In contrast, CPAP resulted in a rise in FRC proportional to the level
      of CPAP. This suggests that CPAP must be applied in a manner that maintains Paw
      constant to provide optimal assistance to ventilation.

PMID- 380940
TI  - Treatment of the adult respiratory distress syndrome with continuous positive
      airway pressure.
AB  - Fifteen patients in the early stages of the adult respiratory distress syndrome
      with severe hypoxemia who were capable of maintaining adequate spontaneous
      ventilation were treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The
      optimal level of CPAP was adjusted for each patient to achieve the highest
      oxygenation with the least adverse hemodynamic effects. The optimal intravascular
      volume, judged by pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure, was maintained by
      infusion of lactated Ringer's solution. Application of an optimal CPAP ranging
      between 10 and 25 cm H2O significantly reduced the intrapulmonary shunt,
      increased the forced vital capacity, and decreased the respiration rate. The
      improvement in pulmonary status was achieved with no significant changes in
      cardiac output or the arterial-mixed venous oxygen content difference. Early
      application of an adjusted level of positive end-expiratory pressure using CPAP
      in patients with adequate levels of fluid is an effective and safe method of
      treating selected groups of patients in the early stages of the adult respiratory
      distress syndrome.

PMID- 380942
TI  - Nocturnal atrioventricular block as a manifestation of sleep apnea syndrome.

PMID- 380941
TI  - Effects of glucocorticosteroids in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass
      surgery.
AB  - Glucocorticosteroid, methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS), 30 mg/kg of body
      weight, or dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP), 6 mg/kg of body weight, were
      given intravenously to 60 patients, divided into two groups of 30 45 minutes
      prior to cardiopulmonary bypass for coronary artery bypass. These two groups were
      compared with 30 patients in a control group receiving a placebo and undergoing
      the same surgery. The study was carried out in a double-lind fashion. Patients
      receiving MPSS had a significantly higher cardiac index in both the preoperative
      and postoperative periods. This was accompanied by a decreased peripheral
      resistance. Patients receiving either MPSS or DSP also showed some evidence for
      the "washout" phenomenon indicating the possibility of better microcirculatory
      flow. Gluconeogenesis may have been enhanced in both groups receiving MPSS or
      DSP, but the evidence was greater in thos patients receiving MPSS. There were no
      hospital deaths in any of the three groups totaling 90 patients.

PMID- 380943
TI  - [Radiation-induced sarcomatous transformation of the bones].

PMID- 380945
TI  - The effects of oestrogen on hypothalamic tissue.
AB  - Oestrogens exert potent influences on hypothalamic differentiation and on sexual
      function throughout life. During the period in which the hypothalamus
      differentiates, the availability of oestrogens (or aromatizable androgens) to the
      hypothalamus results in a male pattern of gonadotropin secretion and in male
      sexual behaviour in the adult. Lack of oestrogens during this period results in a
      cyclic schedule of gonadotropin secretion and in female sexual behaviour.
      Oestrogens or their metabolites determine future sex-specific activity by
      facilitating synapse formation in developing target circuits. The onset of
      puberty may also in part reflect oestrogen-stimulated synapse formation in the
      hypothalamus. In contrast, oestrogen given to an adult female rat causes specific
      multifocal lesions in the lateral arcuate nucleus. Such animals exhibit
      persistent oestrus and small multicystic ovaries. Since the same anovulatory
      syndrome can be produced by mechanical disruption of neuronal pathways from more
      anterior regions to the arcuate nucleus, it would appear that oestrogen could
      effect a 'disconnection' of the circuit responsible for cyclic drive of
      gonadotropin secretion. Furthermore, old female rats spontaneously exhibit the
      same type of reproductive derangement as well as the arcuate lesion. Thus direct
      effects of oestrogens on neuronal circuitry within the hypothalamus may be
      responsible for (1) sexual differentiation, (2) the onset of puberty and sexual
      activity, and (3) cessation of reproductive function in the female rat.

PMID- 380944
TI  - Chronobiology and its relation to developing a knowledge base for regulatory
      decisions in health and prevention.

PMID- 380948
TI  - [Blocking of DNA transfer from T7 phage virion into Escherichia coli cells by
      bacterial RNA-polymerase inhibitors].

PMID- 380946
TI  - Major colonic complications of hepatic transplantation.

PMID- 380947
TI  - Management of the perineal wound after rectal excision for neoplastic disease: a
      controlled clinical trial.
AB  - Two methods of management of the perineal wound after rectal excision for
      neoplastic disease were compared in a prospective randomized clinical trial in 65
      patients. Twenty-eight patients (Group A) were treated by partial closure of the
      perineal wound and cigarette drainage of the pelvic space, according to the
      method proposed by Gabriel. Thirty-seven patients (Group B) were treated by
      complete suture of the perineal wound and suction drainage of the pelvic space
      according to the method proposed by Altemeier. Immediate and late results were
      better in patients in Group B. They achieved healing per primam in 62.82 per cent
      of cases and had significantly shorter hospital stays than patients in Group A.
      Three months postoperatively, 91.42 per cent of patients in Group B and 59.25 per
      cent of those in Group A had complete healing of the perineal wounds, with a
      statistically significant difference (chi2 with Yates correction = 7.27, P less
      than 0.01). The development in 10 patients of Group B of perineal abscesses or
      hematomas necessitated reopening of the perineal wounds: however, the
      postoperative courses were similar to those of patients in Group A. It is
      concluded that healing by primary intention with use of the method described
      herein is the treatment of choice for managing the perineal wounds in patients
      undergoing rectal excision for neoplastic disease.

PMID- 380949
TI  - [Effect of a component of light meromyosin on thick filament structure].

PMID- 380950
TI  - [Effect of oleic acid on the physicochemical properties of ribosomes].

PMID- 380951
TI  - [Oral candidiasis in leukoplakia and carcinoma of the oral cavity (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The incidence of Candida albicans and other candida species were examined by
      mycological culture and histologically in 193 patients with various forms of oral
      leukoplakia and 14 patients with carcinoma of the oral mucosa, the results being
      compared with a control group of 137 subjects with a normal mucosa. Comparing the
      leukoplakia groups one with the other and with the control group revealed
      definite, usually statistically significant, differences in the incidence of
      fungi: 46.4% of patients, 29.2% among controls. The incidence of oral fungi was
      35.4% among those with noxigenic leukoplakia, 50% in precancerous leukoplakia,
      71.5% in mucosal carcinoma, and 49% in nosogenic leukoplakia (mainly lichen
      planus mucosae). The fungal elements could be demonstrated histologically much
      less frequently than by culture, but the difference of demonstration was
      statistically more significant between the different forms of leukoplakia. It is
      probable that chronic candidiasis in leukoplakia is not carcinogenic as such but
      is the microbiological and indicator of a local or systemic disorder of the
      cellular immune system.

PMID- 380953
TI  - [In memoriam Rudolf Schoen. 31.1.1892-11.3.1979].

PMID- 380952
TI  - [Bronchospasmolytic effect of reproterol as aerosol (author's transl)].
AB  - In an intraindividual double-blind study the effect of 1% (2.5 mg) and 2% (5 mg)
      reproterol aerosol was investigated in 30 patients with chronic obstructive
      bronchitis and asthma. Both solutions had a statistically highly significant
      bronchospasmolytic effect when airways resistance and specific conductance were
      measured. The effect was demonstrable immediately after termination of
      inhalation. Cardiac frequency and blood pressure remained unchanged. No
      subjective side effects were reported.

PMID- 380954
TI  - [Serum antibodies in cystic and alveolar hydatid disease (author's transl)].
AB  - Serum samples of 107 patients with cystic and 30 with alveolar hydatid disease
      were tested for antibodies with hydatid fluid and extract from cyst material of
      E. alveolaris as antigens. Complement-fixation, indirect haemagglutination and an
      indirect enzyme immune (ELISA) technique were employed. The results indicate an
      antibody picture which confirms the value of serum-antibodies in the diagnosis of
      hydatid disease. Diagnostically insufficient antibody formation was present in
      seven patients with cystic and two with alveolar hydatid disease. The indirect
      haemagglutination test with alveolaris antigen proved to be the most sensitive
      reaction for antibody demonstration of both echinococci, while the same antigen
      in the ELISA technique gave species-specific results in patients with E.
      alveolaris.

PMID- 380955
TI  - [Peritoneal resorption via lymph of diaphragm. Physiology and physiopathology].

PMID- 380956
TI  - [Results of 200 renal transplantations (author's transl)].
AB  - Two hundred renal transplantations were performed on 187 patients between July,
      1972 and June, 1978. On a follow-up of 6--78 months the survival rate after
      allogenic transplantation was 80% at one year and 64% at five years. Satisfactory
      renal function was present in 62% at one year and 31% at six years.
      Gastrointestinal complications were common and caused about 40% of all deaths.
      Severe infections were the second most common cause of death. Local complications
      required explantation in 4%, and caused death in 0.5% of cases. Change in the
      treatment regimen, using less massive immunosuppressive measures during acute
      rejection, lowered the death-rate without a higher loss of transplants. The death
      rate was 16% at three months and 26% at one year in the first of the 200
      transplantations, but 6% and 12%, respectively, in the last 50 consecutive
      transplantations. The survival rate of patients with transplants is thus
      comparable to that of patients receiving chronic haemodialysis.

PMID- 380958
TI  - Acute urticaria due to Plasmodium falciparum infection. a report of two cases
      with a review of the english literature.

PMID- 380957
TI  - Control of the blood glucose in diabetes mellitus is it valuable? Is it feasible.
AB  - The controversy over the whether strict blood glucose control prevents or
      attenuates the complications of diabetes is still unresolved, but the available
      data support the value of good blood glucose control. The resolution of the
      controversy is not feasible at present because of the complexity and financial
      cost of a definitive prospective study and because we may not presently possess
      pharmacological agents which can accomplish the goal of long term strict control
      of the blood glucose. Finally, whereas we regard retinopathy, nephropathy and
      neuropathy as valid pathological endpoints, we are not secure in assuming that
      blood glucose represents the critical measurement for longitudinal assessment of
      metabolic control. Studies evaluating control based on blood and urine glucose
      assessments are complicated by the failure of the data to reflect changes in
      minute to minute regulation. Thus, the relative insensitivity of some of these
      parameters of control could account for failures to demonstrate a correlation
      between adequacy of therapy and diabetic complications.

PMID- 380959
TI  - [The Latinoamerican Index Medicus: realization of a wish].

PMID- 380960
TI  - [A new electrophoretic method for coating metalceramic elements with opaque].
AB  - A new, electrophoretical method of coating dental alloys (Au or Ni-Cr) with
      opaque is described for the first time. The comparison of this method with the
      known wet brush technique shows that bubbles or voids might occur at the
      interface between metal and opaque when applying the first ceramic layer manually
      whereas the electrophoretical one generates a thin and dense layer of porcelain
      being free of voids within the adherence zone. Those bubbles are considered to be
      inherent with the brush technique. The author suggests to galvanize dental alloys
      particularly noble metals in order to suppress any anodic reactions. General
      advantage for the bond due to galvanization are expected no matter how the opaque
      was applied.

PMID- 380961
TI  - [Casting of dental alloys with special reference to the bonding capacity of Ni-Cr
      alloys].
AB  - A short review on castability of dental alloys -- for which a definition is
      proposed -- reflects the different factors influencing the results of a casting.
      In this case solid sieves and plates are cast by use of one gold-base alloy (Type
      III) and two base metal alloys used for porcelain veneering. All three alloys
      filled the sieve pattern to a 100%, whereas they performed differently when cast
      as thin, solid squares. The most continuous results were achieved with a Ni-Cr
      alloy whose melting temperature can be recognized since the ingots flow together
      when this point is reached. Since the plate pattern is most difficult to cast due
      to surface to bulk ratio it is assumed that a complete casting can only be
      achieved when the performance of the alloy is good and all required conditions
      match. Thus, this type of test seems to be suitable to determine the castability
      of a dental alloy. The sieve test should be used to investigate and to improve
      the influence of the different factors as for example burnout time and
      temperature of the mold and sprue size.

PMID- 380962
TI  - [The combination of polarization and fluorescence labeling--a microscopic technic
      for animal experimental studies on changes in the dental-alveolar region].

PMID- 380963
TI  - [Double-blind study on the anti-inflammatory effect of indomethacin after
      surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth].
AB  - The use of indomethacin (Amuno, Indocid) to prevent postoperative complications
      following oral surgery was checked in double blind tests. Impacted and half
      impacted lower third molars from 100 patients were surgically removed; 50 were
      given indomethacin orally and 50 were given a placebo. Postoperative body
      temperature and pain were recorded on the first and second days after surgery.
      Trismus and cheek swelling were also measured.

PMID- 380964
TI  - [A splitcast made of plastic].
AB  - A new two-piece plastic split cast consisting of an assembly plate and a
      disposable part was described; its use as a diagnostic an control device was
      discussed. The split is available for all standard articulators.

PMID- 380965
TI  - [Effect of various methods of the preservation and preparation for study of human
      peripheral blood on erythrocyte morphology (scanning electron microscopy)].
AB  - In the paper the authors describe the influence of various ways of preservation
      and preparation of peripheral human blood on the morphology of erythrocytes. The
      investigation was performed by a scanning electrone microscope JSM-35 JEOL-
      Japan). The basic types of erythrocytes were shown, which were encountered in the
      samples. It was established that dehydratation and various methods for fixation
      of erythrocytes did not affect their morphology. The authors found changes, which
      occurred in erythrocyte morphology after blood preservation in anticoagulant,FBFR
      and as a whole blood at various intervals. The action of centrifugal forces in
      the process of centrifugation of blood on various types of erythocytes was
      indicated as well. The results of the studies were illustrated with 21 pictures,
      made at magnification of 3000 X up to 15 000 X.

PMID- 380966
TI  - [Measurement of the Na2 35S04 in donor cornea with a view to assessing its
      biological properties].
AB  - The authors carried out studies on 425 pig cornea, conserved in a modified
      solution for tissue cultures at 4 degrees C. The intensitivity for incorporation
      of Na235SO4 in this nutritive medium gave higher percentage than the preservation
      of cornea in moist chamber.

PMID- 380967
TI  - [Theoretical aspects of the quantitative study of the chemical structure
      biological action relationship].
AB  - The study of the interrelationship between the chemical structure of the drug
      molecule and their biologic activity is one of the most modern aspects of current
      pharmacology and pharmacochemistry. The information, obtained by these studies,
      contributes for more precise and detailed understanding of the mechanisms of drug
      molecule interaction with some biologic structures, and this helps to clarify a
      series of biologic and physiological phenomena. The authors describe in this
      paper some methods, which are used, when the dependences between structure and
      action are search for as well as the basic physiocochemical and quantum --
      chemical values, which determine the pharmacological effect of drugs.

PMID- 380968
TI  - [Changes in the motor activity of an isolated intestinal loop from the jejunum of
      dogs exposed to an endotoxin].
AB  - The author examined the motor activity of an isolated Loop in vivo of
      founonnarcotised dogs under the conditions of chronic experiments before and
      after administration of E. coli in dose of 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/body weight.
      There was inhibition of the movements of the intestinal loop, which was
      manifested by a reduction of the frequency and amplitude of the intestinal
      contractions. The inhibition of the motor activity was explained by the
      disturbances in the circulation and neuro-bunoral control of the intestinal
      smooth muscle.

PMID- 380969
TI  - [Concepts of inhibition in psychiatry].
AB  - Following a historical approach, the authors first describe the original
      development of the concept of inhibition in neurophysiology and then analyze the
      subsequent adaptations made in psychiatry around such concept including those of:
      -- Pavlov, Hull, Watson and the behaviorists, -- Freud and the Freudian School, -
      clinicians and psychopharmacologists. The concept of inhibition has thus various
      meanings in psychiatry. Although some unity is achieved on the semiological
      level, this aspect cannot explain the extent of the process.

PMID- 380970
TI  - [Carpipramine in psychoses].
AB  - A survey of 131 psychotic subjects treated with carpipramine and a synthesis of
      the Japanese, German and French publications about this drug were done. The most
      valuable results were obtained in hebephrenics and in depressed schizophrenics.
      Carpipramine has a definite desinhibitory action against motor retardation, lack
      of energy, ideo-motor slowliness and blunting of the affect. At low doses,
      paranoid schizophrenics become worse. The emerged delusional and anxious
      phenomena, can be avoided by using higher doses. This drug possesses two kinds of
      effects: antidelusional and desinhibitory actions. If it does not seem to be a
      true antidepressant, Carpipramine proves useful in deficits of the psychomotor
      tone, which were resistant to antidepressant drugs.

PMID- 380971
TI  - [Carpipramine in neuroses].
AB  - Having outlined the limits of drug-therapy in neuroses, where it may support
      psychotherapy, a treatment the use of which is still questioned by some, the
      authors review the rare publications involving the indications of Carpipramine in
      neurotic syndroms. Active upon symptom patterns consisting essentially of
      asthenia, inhibition and psychomotor impairment, raising the level of activity,
      stimulating enthusiasm and relational activity, Carpipramine would appear to
      represent a new advance in the treatment of some neurotic syndroms, partially
      encompassing the border-line indications of anti-depressants and those of certain
      disinhibitory neuroleptic agents.

PMID- 380972
TI  - [Carpipramine in child psychiatry].
AB  - The use of Carpipramine in 35 children and teenagers, most of them suffering from
      psychosis, has confirmed its beneficient action in the majority of those cases (5
      negative scores for 20 good and very good scores). The early-observed improvement
      concerned inhibition, lack of energy, moroseness, favouring the patients'
      integration in the institutional context.

PMID- 380973
TI  - [Carpipramine and drug addiction].
AB  - This study is related to the therapeutic effects of Carpipramine in conditions of
      pharmacodependance to opiates. The withdrawal in 47 subjects by decreased doses
      of methadone, clinically presenting 42 amotivational syndroms and 5 depressions.
      On the other hand, 3 withdrawal trials using chimiotherapy, including
      Carpipramine, failed. Carpipramine seems to have an important disinhibitory
      effect in amotivational syndrom and tolerance is excellent. Lack of desire for
      this psychotropic drug makes its use safe by drug addicts.

PMID- 380974
TI  - Localization of angiotensinogen in rat liver by immunocytochemistry.
AB  - Plasm angiotensinogen, the protein precursor of angiotensin, is produced by the
      liver. The present study investigated the location of angiotensinogen in sections
      of rat liver using the unlabeled peroxidase-antiperoxidase bridge technique of
      Sternberger. Specific reaction products of the antibody localization method were
      most pronounced in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in the pericentral zone of the
      liver lobule. Controls, in which antibody was preabsorbed with angiotensinogen,
      did not form reaction product. The gradient of angiotensinogen observed within
      liver lobules resembled that demonstrated by metabolic zonation. The distribution
      of angiotensinogen differed from the scattered distributions found for other
      plasma proteins.

PMID- 380976
TI  - Thyrotrophs in old age. An immunocytologic study of human pituitary glands.
AB  - In order to reveal whether thyrotroph cells of the human pituitary are affected
      by aging, a histologic and immunocytologic study was undertaken on the
      pituitaries of patients over 80 years of age (10 men, 10 women), dying of various
      acute illnesses and the findings compared with those of a younger age group (10
      men, 10 women), dying of various acute illnesses between the age of 20-56 years.
      The incidence, distribution, granulation, cytoplasmic vacuolization, as well as
      immunoreactivity of TSH cells, showed no major differences related to age and
      sex. Lack of involution of thyrotroph cells in old subjects indicates that the
      pituitary is capable of producing TSH with advancing age.

PMID- 380975
TI  - Synthesis and accumulation of proinsulin and insulin during development of the
      embryonic rat pancreas.
AB  - Endocrine B cells differentiate normally in embryonic rat pancreatic rudiments
      cultured in vitro. The specific concentration of immunoreactive insulin based on
      total protein increases by about 1000-fold during the developmental period,
      corresponding to days 13--20 of gestation. The rate of (pro)insulin synthesis,
      measured from the level of radioactive leucine incorporated into insulin,
      quantitatively accounts for the insulin accumulated during this period. In
      addition, the relative incorporation of leucine into proinsulin compared to
      insulin is constant during development and is similar to that found in the B
      cells of adult islets. Thus, there appears to be no significant change in the
      rate of conversion of proinsulin to insulin during B cell differentiation.

PMID- 380977
TI  - [Medical thyreological documentation adapted to computer data processing].

PMID- 380978
TI  - [Prolactin secretion in pituitary tumors and in galactorrhea syndrome].

PMID- 380979
TI  - Prolactin in secretion after i.v. LHRH administration in hirsutism and in
      anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 380980
TI  - [Traditional medicine].

PMID- 380981
TI  - Contrasting effects of maternal fertility and birth rank on the occurrence of
      neural tube defects.
AB  - The relationships between the occurrence of anencephalus and spina bifida,
      sibship size and birth rank were examined, using linked records for births in
      British Columbia. Comparison of 414 sibships in which at least one infant had a
      neural tube defect with 1362 randomly chosen unaffected sibships showed that the
      affected sibships were larger. There were both more births than expected after
      the affected birth, and shorter intervals between births before the affected
      birth. Within sibships, the risk of anencephalus or spina bifida decreased
      strongly with increasing birth rank. No associations were seen with maternal age
      at first birth.

PMID- 380982
TI  - Twenty years of research on urinary tract infections in children: progress and
      problems.

PMID- 380983
TI  - Pseudohypoparathyroidism.

PMID- 380984
TI  - Purification and molecular properties of a new colicin.
AB  - The process of isolation and purification of a new colicin isolated from a
      Citrobacter strain is described. Escherichia coli sensitive cells are protected
      by vitamin B12 from the action of this bacteriocin; this suggests that it belongs
      to the E group of colicins. Therefore, we have called it colicin E4. It has a
      molecular weight of 56 000 and two molecular forms of isoelectric points 9.4 and
      8.2 are separated in electrofocusing on polyacrylamide gels. It has a
      sedimentation coefficient of 3.4 S and the absorption coefficient A1(280%) nm is
      6.23 cm(-1). Using an antibody raised against pure colicin E4, no cross-reaction
      was detected against colicins A, E1 or K. The physiological effect of colicin E4
      on sensitive cells is very similar to that of colicins E1, K or I which disrupt
      the energized membrane state.

PMID- 380985
TI  - Interaction of colicin E4 with specific receptor sites mediates its cleavage into
      two fragments inactive towards whole cells.

PMID- 380986
TI  - The influence of ribonucleoside triphosphates, and other factors, on the
      formation of very-salt-stable RNA-polymerase . su+III-tRNA(tRNATyr)-promoter
      complexes.
AB  - The formation of a stable RNA-polymerase . su+III-tRNA-promoter complex was found
      to require sigma factor and the incorporation of ribonucleoside triphosphates
      which match the 5' sequence of the su+III tRNA transcript. This complex, stable
      to at least 2 M KCl, can be retained on a Millipore filter. Its formation closely
      parallels the extent of transcription obtained from the su+III tRNA promoter in
      response both to increasing ionic strength and to temperature during incubation
      of RNA polymerase with the DNA. The RNA-polymerase . DNA complex retained during
      this assay therefore appears to relate directly to that formed during promoter
      directed transcription. The formation of RNA-polymerase . su+III-tRNA-promoter
      complexes is sensitive to the presence of ppGpp.

PMID- 380987
TI  - Deazaflavins as cofactors for flavocytochrome b2 from baker's yeast.

PMID- 380988
TI  - Low-molecular-weight substrate for the lysozyme of T4 bacteriophage.
AB  - It has been shown that muropeptide CB, the chemically defined product of
      Escherichia coli B murein digestion by phage lambda endolysin, is the substrate
      for T4 lysozyme. This is the tetrasaccharide GlcNAc-MurNAc-GlcNAc-anMurNAc in
      which the carboxyl groups of MurNAc and anMurNAc residues are substituted by
      tetrapeptide LAla-DGlu-msA2pm-DAla (MurNAc = N-acetylmuramic acid, GlcNAc = N
      acetyl-D-glucosamine, anMurNAc = 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid, LAla  = L
      alanine, DGlu = D-glutamic acid, msA2pm = meso-diaminopimelic acid). The
      substrate contains one bond hydrolysable by T4 lysozyme. The products of
      hydrolysis are the easily identifiable disaccharide muropeptides C6 (GlcNAc
      MurNAc-LAla-DGlu-msA2pm-DAla) and CA (GlcNAc-anMurNac-LAla-DGlu-msA2pm-DAla).
      Thus the substrate may be used for the specific identification of murein N
      acetylmuramoylhydrolases of the T4 lysozyme type, as well as for any quantitative
      measurement of the enzymatic reaction.

PMID- 380989
TI  - DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from the archaebacterium Sulfolobus acidocaldarius.
AB  - Purified DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius is composed
      of 10 different subunits, one of which is present as four copies. Their molecular
      weights are 122 000, 101 000, 44 000, 32 000, 24 000, 17 500, 13 800, 11 800
      (four copies), 11 200, 10 800, summing up to a total Mr of 423 500. The
      sedimentation velocity is 13.5 S, indicating that at 0.5 M NH4Cl the enzyme
      exists in the monomeric form. At pH 9.2 in cellogel electrophoresis two of the
      subunits migrate towards the cathode. The composition is quite different from
      that of a typical eubacterial RNA polymerase. Its complexity reminds one of
      eucaryotic RNA polymerase. Maximal transcription of DNA from a Halobacterium
      halobium phage oH (oH DNA) proceeds at pH 8.5 AND 75 DEGREES C. The enzyme is
      stable up to 75 degrees C and strictly requires a DNA template. oH DNA and
      poly[d(A-T) . d(A-T)] are the most efficient. The temperature dependence of the
      transcription rate is characteristic for the template. Actinomycin D and heparin
      prevent transcription, while rifampicin, streptolydigin and alpha-amanitin have
      no effect. During storage, even at -- 70 degrees C, the enzyme loses its activity
      to transcribe oH DNA, whereas transcription of poly[d(A-T) . D(A-6)] remains
      unaffected.

PMID- 380990
TI  - Papulacandin B: an inhibitor of glucan synthesis in yeast spheroplasts.

PMID- 380991
TI  - Crosslinking studies with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes from Azotobacter
      vinelandii and Escherichia coli.

PMID- 380992
TI  - Porcine pancreatic lipase. Sequence of the first 234 amino acids of the peptide
      chain.
AB  - The single polypeptide chain of about 460 amino acids of porcine pancreatic
      lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) has been fragmented into five peptides by cyanogen bromide
      cleavage [Rovery, M., Bianchetta, J. & Guidoni, A. (1973) Biochim. Biophys. Acta,
      328, 391--395]. The sequence of the first three cyanogen bromide peptides (CNI,
      CNII, CNIII), including a total of 234 amino acids, was fully elucidated.
      Automatic or manual Edman degradation was performed on the different peptides.
      Fragmentations of the CN peptides were accomplished by digestions with trypsin
      (after citraconylation or 1,2-cyclohexanedione treatment), chymotrypsin and
      Staphylococcus aureus external protease. Hydrolysis of unreduced material by
      pepsin and thermolysin, performed in order to determine the S-S bridge positions,
      provided useful overlapping peptides. The glycan moiety of lipase is bound to Asn
      166. The non-essential tyrosine specifically blocked by
      diisopropylphosphorofluoridate is Tyr-49 in a cluster of asparagine and glutamine
      residues. The existence of a highly hydrophobic sequence (206--217) at the C
      terminus of the CNII fragment is noteworthy.

PMID- 380993
TI  - The structure of a transcriptional unit on colicin E1 plasmid.
AB  - In an RNA-synthesizing system in vitro, a low-molecular-weight RNA consisting of
      about 110 residues (RNA-I) was efficiently synthesized on DNA of colicin E 1
      plasmid (ColE1) and its deletion derivatives. The promoter site for RNA-I was
      analysed by testing the RNA polymerase-binding ability and template activity of
      restriction fragments; it was mapped in the region between the replication
      initiation site and the colicin immunity gene of ColE1. The direction of
      transcription was determined by hybridization tests to the separated strands of
      the template. The DNA region directing RNA-I was sequenced, and RNA-I was
      assigned on the sequence based on the nearest-neighbour data of RNA. The
      sequences of its promoter and terminator regions were also deduced. Although the
      function of this small RNA species is unknown, a unique secondary structure could
      be constructed from its sequence and sensitivity to RNase.

PMID- 380994
TI  - The ternary 5-S RNA complex of proteins L 18 and L 25. A small-angle X-ray
      scattering titration study.
AB  - The 5-S RNA (A) and the proteins L 18 (B) and L25 (C) from Escherichia coli
      ribosomes form a ternary complex of the type ABC with a stepwise stability
      constant, log K111 approximately equal to 6.5. This is indicated from X-ray
      scattering titrations recorded at 21 degrees C in ribosomal reconstitutional
      buffer. When the ternary ABC complex forms there is only a limited change in the
      scattering curve compared to that of 5-S RNA, indicating that 5-S RNA does not
      undergo a major conformational change during the complex formation. The increase
      in the radius of gyration from 3.61 nm (5-S RNA) to 3.95 nm (ABC complex) as well
      as the experimental scattering curve can be explained by models where it is
      assumed that the elongated L 18 and L25 models are quite far from the electron
      density centre and where the protein molecules interact mainly with the minor
      arms of the supposed Y-shaped 5-S RNA molecule.

PMID- 380995
TI  - The association of actin with a thyroid lysosomal fraction.
AB  - A lysosome-enriched fraction was prepared from bovine thyroid tissue using
      sucrose gradient centrifugation. An inhibitor of DNAase I was found to co
      sediment and co-purify with the lysosomal fraction. This inhibitory activity is
      blocked by heavy meromyosin in the absence of ATP, and a component of 42000
      molecular weight can be isolated by affinity chromatography on DNAase I linked to
      Sepharose. These results are consistent with the presence of an actin-like
      protein in a lysosome-enriched preparation from bovine thyroid tissue. Also, an
      increase in the level of membrane-associated actin is observed in response to
      thyrotropin stimulation of the thyroid tissue

PMID- 380996
TI  - Yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. Affinity and photoaffinity labelling of the
      stereospecific binding sites.
AB  - The localization of the binding sites of the different ligands on the
      constitutive subunits of yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase was undertaken using
      a large variety of affinity and photoaffinity labelling techniques. The RNAPhe
      was cross-linked to the enzyme by non-specific ultraviolet irradiation at 248 nm,
      specific irradiation in the wye base absorption band (315 nm), irradiation at 335
      nm, in the absorption band of 4-thiouridine (S4U) residues introduced in the tRNA
      molecule, or by Schiff's base formation between periodate-oxidized tRNAPhe
      (tRNAPheox) and the protein. ATP was specifically incorporated in its binding
      site upon photosensitized irradiation. The amino acid could be linked to the
      enzyme upon ultraviolet irradiation, either in the free state, engaged in the
      adenylate or bound to the tRNA. The tRNA, the ATP molecule and the amino acid
      linked to the tRNA were found to interact exclusively with the beta subunit (Mr
      63000). The phenylalanine residue, either free or joined to the adenylate, could
      be cross-linked with equal efficiency to eigher type of subunit, suggesting that
      the amino acid binding site is located in a contact area between the two
      subunits. The Schiff's base formation between tRNAPheox and the enzyme shows the
      existence of a lysyl group close to the binding site for the 3'-terminal
      adenosine of tRNA. This result was confirmed by the study of the inhibition of
      yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase with pyridoxal phosphate and the 2',3'
      dialdehyde derivative of ATP, oATP.

PMID- 380997
TI  - RNA polymerase from the fungus, Aspergillus nidulans. Large-scale purification of
      DNA-dependent RNA polymerase I (or A).
AB  - The DNA-dependent RNA polymerase I (or A) from the lower eukaryote Aspergillus
      nidulans has been purified on a large scale to apparent homogeneity by
      homogenizing the fungal hyphae in liquid nitrogen, extraction of the enzyme at
      high salt concentration, precipitation of RNA polymerase activity with polymin P
      (a polyethylene imine), elution of the RNA polymerase from the polymin P
      precipitate, ammonium sulphate precipitation, molecular sieving on Bio-Gel A
      1.5m, binding to ion-exchangers and DNA-cellulose affinity chromatography. By
      this procedure 1.6 mg of RNA polymerase I can be purified over 2000-fold from 500
      g wet weight of starting material with a yield of 30--35%. The isolated RNA
      polymerase I is stable for several months at -20 degrees C. The subunit
      compostion has been resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis on two
      dimensional gels, using either non-denaturing of 8 M urea (pH 8.7) cylindrical
      gels in the first dimension and sodium dodecyl sulphate slab gels in the second
      dimension. The putative subunits have molecular weights of 190,000, 135,000,
      63,000, 62,000, 43,000, 29,000, (28,000), 16,000 and probably 13,000 and 12,000.
      Two distinct forms of RNA polymerase I (Ia and Ib) have been resolved by DEAE
      Sephadex A-25 chromatography showing ample differences in enzymatic properties
      and subunit pattern. Additional information is given on RNA polymerase II (or B)
      which appears to be highly insensitive to alpha-amanitin at concentrations up to
      400 micrograms/ml.

PMID- 380998
TI  - Recognition of tRNA Trp by initiation factors from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Binding of acetyl or formyltryptophanyl-tRNA Trp from Escherichia coli or beef
      liver to E. coli ribosomes is strongly stimulated by E. coli initiation factors
      and requires GTP. The N-acylated tryptophan is puromycin reactive. Polypeptide
      chain initiation with acetyltryptophan dependent on poly(U,G) has been
      demonstrated and is highly dependent on added initiation factors. tRNA Trp
      appears, therefore, to share some structural features with tRNAfMet of
      significance to the process of polypeptide chain initiation.

PMID- 380999
TI  - Formylmethionyl-tRNA binding properties of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S1.

PMID- 381000
TI  - Mitochondrial protein-synthesizing machinery in Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in
      different metabolic conditions. Variability of seryl-tRNA and alanyl-tRNA
      isoacceptor patterns.
AB  - 1. The isoacceptor patterns of mitochondrial seryl and alanyl-tRNAs from
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown under different conditions and committed to
      fermentative or respiratory metabolism have been studied by reversed-phase
      chromatography. 2. An extensive variability of the chromatographic patterns of
      the four isoacceptors for serine and of the three isoacceptors for alanine has
      been observed as a function of carbon source and stage of growth, but the main
      differences were observed in the different stages of growth on glucose. 3. In
      order to distinguish the effects due to stage of growth from those due to relief
      from glucose repression, the isoacceptor patterns of mitochondrial tRNA were
      compared in repressed and derepressed resting cells; results show that some of
      the mitochondrial species are almost undetectable in resting repressed cells, but
      are the major ones after recovery of respiration. 4. Two of the serine
      isoacceptors (species 1 and 2), one of which is absent or not acylable in
      repressed resting cells, are different gene products.

PMID- 381001
TI  - Somatic antigens of Shigella. The structure of the specific polysaccharide of
      Shigella newcastle (Sh. flexneri type 6) lipopolysaccharide.
AB  - The specific polysaccharide was obtained from the lipopolysaccharide of Shigella
      newcastle by mild acid hydrolysis and further purified by permeation
      chromatography on Sephadex G-50. It was found to consist of L-rhamnose, 2
      acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactose, D-galacturonic acid residues and O-acetyl groups
      in the molar ratios of 2:1:1:1. On the basis of 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic
      resonance spectroscopy, methylation analysis, partial acid hydrolysis, Smith
      degradation, and chromium trioxide oxidation, the following structure can be
      assigned to the repeating oligosaccharide unit of the polysaccharide:
      4)DGalA(beta 1-3)DGalNAc-(beta 1-2)LAc3Rha(alpha 1-2)LRha(alpha 1-, where GalA =
      galacturonic acid. GalNAc = N-acetylgalactosamine, Ac3Rha = 3-O-acetylrhamnose.
      The structural and immunochemical data presented prove that Sh. newcastle
      lipopolysaccharide belongs to a 'non-classical' type of somatic antigens with
      acidic O-specific polysaccharide chains.

PMID- 381002
TI  - Structure of the 50S ribosomal subunit from Escherichia coli. Investigation of
      the intact subunit and core particles by electron microscopy and analogue image
      processing.
AB  - Structures of 50S ribosomal subunits, CsCl and ethidium bromide core particles
      from these subunits have been investigated by electron microscopy and image
      processing by FAIRS. This method revealed structural details which are obscured
      in individual images, and enabled to distinguish six crown forms, different in
      their side protuberances, and two kidney forms. Crown forms were imaged as
      symmetrical or asymmetrical forms. The latter type was far more frequent in
      untreated populations than the first. The depletion of proteins by both agents
      caused stepwise degradation of the side protuberances in the crown forms thereby
      transforming asymmetrical to symmetrical forms. It is concluded from these
      findings that asymmetrical and symmetrical forms in untreated populations
      represent also structurally different particles. From the higher complexity in
      terms of component composition and structure it is concluded that the
      asymmetrical crown forms are more likely to represent the native structure of
      isolated 50S subunits than the symmetrical forms. Existing models for this
      subunit are discussed in terms of this finding.

PMID- 381003
TI  - Jugular venous reflux in cerebral radionuclide angiography: an explanation.
AB  - A case of isotopic jugular venous reflux, reaching the opposite jugular vein, is
      described. Phlebography and aortography were simultaneously performed in this
      patient and showed the innominate vein narrowed and pinched between the sternal
      notch and the aortic arch. This narrowing depends on the position of the left
      arm.

PMID- 381004
TI  - Extramicrosomal drug metabolism.
AB  - Drug metabolizing enzymes which are not located in the microsomes such as
      oxidoreductases are reviewed. It has been reported that a cytoplasmic NAD+
      dependent dehydrogenase could be involved in the dehydrogenation of secondary or
      primary alcohols, and that peroxidases, located in all extranuclear cell
      fractions, are able to oxidize certain drugs. Among the conjugating enzymes,
      mainly the glucuronidases and 0-Methyltransferases have been reported to be
      localised in the microsomes. Sulfatation, mercapturic acid formation and
      acetylation seem to occur in the supernatant of animal liver cells. Binding to
      glycine has been found in the mitochondria. Examples of combined action of
      microsomes and other cell fractions are presented. Esterases are found in the
      microsomes and cytoplasmic fraction of animal cells and also in the extracellular
      fluid (blood-plasma). They are more stable than monooxygenases whose activity
      depends on the intact microsomal structure and are therefore readily accessible
      in human biological material. Metabolic problems involving human esterases can
      often easily be solved by in vitro experiments. Results concerning the
      biochemical degradation of propanidid, mefrusid, acetyl salicylic acid and an
      acetyl salicylic acid ester are reported.

PMID- 381005
TI  - Therapy of chronic consequences of brain ischemia. Comparison between two drugs
      acting on brain circulation and metabolism.
AB  - With the purpose to define the specific activity of substances acting on the
      cerebral circulation and metabolism, (-)eburnamonine and cinnarizine were
      compared in a double-blind study carried out in a group of 106 elderly patients
      suffering from established chronic brain ischemia. The photoscintigraphic and
      rheoencephalographic studies carried out on some of the patients showed that only
      (-)eburnamonine had a clear-cut activity on brain circulation. (-)Eburnamonine
      also showed an activity on kidney circulation. With regard to the clinical
      picture, a statistical evaluation of the results obtained showed that both drugs
      improve psychic disturbances and the overall clinical picture. Cinnarizine
      appears to influence, to a slightly greater extent, some neurological symptoms,
      while (-)eburnamonine exerts a significantly better action on daily living
      activities and general psychic efficiency.

PMID- 381006
TI  - Clinical evaluation of (-)eburnamonine in comparison with nicergoline in patients
      suffering from chronic brain ischemia.
AB  - The activity of (-)eburnamonine, a substance acting on the cerebral circulation
      and metabolism, was compared with that of nicergoline in a double-blind study
      carried out on a group of 28 patients (16 males and 12 females), suffering from
      established chronic brain ischemia. The treatment consisted of the administration
      for the first 5 days of 80 mg/day and for the following days of 60 mg/day of (
      )eburnamonine, in 14 subjects. Nicergoline was administered to the other 14
      subjects: 20 mg/day for the first 5 days and then 15 mg/day. The treatment was
      protracted for at least 20 days. (-)Eburnamonine appeared to influence some
      symptoms more rapidly and significantly than nicergoline. After 20 days of
      treatment the overall improvement obtained with (-)eburnamonine was 31 and 18%
      with nicergoline. No side effects or impairment of the biochemical tests appeared
      during either treatment.

PMID- 381007
TI  - Hemodynamic and metabolic factors in human cerebral ischemia.
AB  - Hemodynamic and metabolic cerebral measurements (CBF, CMRO2, CMRG, CSF) were
      evaluated in stroke patients. To investigate the effects of chronic cerebral
      circulatory insufficiency, CBF and CMRO2 were also studied. Further nontraumatic
      investigations of CBF measurement will allow a better understanding of clinical
      cases.

PMID- 381008
TI  - Platelet aggregation: methodology and physiopathology.
AB  - The physiopathological role of platelet aggregation in some thromboembolic and
      atherosclerotic complications is strongly suggested on the basis of many indirect
      findings. The qualitative methodological approach to this problem generally used
      until recently is rapidly giving way to a quantitative, biochemical approach.
      Platelet aggregation, however, even if expressed in terms of nanomoles of a
      product obtained in a sophisticated reaction system, will continue to deceive
      investigators and clinicians who fail to view it in the adequate (although still
      uncertain) context of rheological and vascular interactions.

PMID- 381010
TI  - Contrast echocardiography and the suprasternal approach in infants and children.

PMID- 381009
TI  - Once daily atenolol (Tenormine) in the treatment of angina pectoris. Observations
      on clinical efficacy, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

PMID- 381011
TI  - Induction of thymocytotoxic autoantibodies after injection of bacterial
      lipopolysaccharides in mice.
AB  - The injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (Salmonella typhimurium and
      Escherichia coli LPS) has been shown to induce thymocytotoxic autoantibodies in
      various strains of mice (C57BL/6, BALB/c, DBA/2, AKR, A/J and C3HeB/FeJ). Titers
      up to l:16 were observed. Such antibodies did not develop in C3H/HeJ mice which
      are low responders to LPS. The thymocytotoxic antibodies had the following
      characteristics: (a) 2-mercaptoethanol sensitivity, (b) optimal reactivity at 4
      degrees C, (c) cytotoxicity for autologous and syngeneic thymocytes but not for
      spleen cells. The cytotoxicity decreased after absorption with thymocytes, spleen
      cells or brain tissue but not with kidney or liver homogenates. These LPS-induced
      thymocytotoxic antibodies were similar to the natural thymocytotoxic antibody
      occurring in NZB mice.

PMID- 381013
TI  - Autolytic changes in the rat adenohypophysis. A histologic, immunocytologic and
      electron microscopic study.
AB  - Thirty-nine adult female Long Evans rats were decapitated and the heads stored at
      room temperature. The pituitaries were removed at intervals from 30 minutes to
      seven days, fixed, embedded and studied by histology, immunocytology and electron
      microscopy. Histologically, changes were noticeable after two hours postmortem.
      Immunoperoxidase staining showed postivity for growth hormone, prolactin, FSH, LH
      and TSH up to seven days after sacrifice, appearing even stronger in the advanced
      stages of autolysis. Fine structural alterations were evident at 30 minutes and
      more conspicuous later. Changes included dilation, partial degranulation and
      whorl formation of RER, swelling of Golgi complexes and mitochondria, chromatin
      clumping, lysis, rhexis and pyknosis of nuclei, cytosegresome formation and
      disruption of cell membranes. Secretory granules remained well preserved
      throughout, although some exhibited fusion or reduced electron density. Dilation
      of capillaries with accumulation of erythrocytes, platelets and fibrin fibers
      were prominent findings. The severity of changes varied considerably from cell to
      cell indicating that the rate of autolysis is not the same among different cell
      types and is possibly affected by the actual functional state of the cell. It
      appears that increased membrane permeability and disruption of plasmalemma
      represent important steps in the autolytic process.

PMID- 381014
TI  - Localization of substance P-like immunoreactivity in Hydra.
AB  - Substance P-like immunoreactivity was found in Hydra attenuata mainly but not
      exclusively in the nerve and interstitial cells, localized in the cytoplasm and
      on the cell surface membranes.

PMID- 381012
TI  - The central cervical nucleus in the cat. I. A Golgi study.
AB  - The central cervical nucleus (CCN) in the upper cervical cord of the cat was
      studied with the Golgi rapid, Golgi Cox, and Golgi Kopsch methods. The majority
      of the neurones were large, multipolar, with dendrites radiating out from the
      nucleus dorsolaterally, laterally, and ventrally. Occasionally, small triangular
      or spindle shaped neurones were seen with dendrites following the rounded
      countour of the CCN. The axons from the large neurones were mostly directed
      towards the anterior commissure. Occasionally, the initial part of the axons from
      the smaller neurones were observed. They gave off collaterals within the CCN. The
      bulk of afferents came from the dorsal funiculus and spread out to form an
      afferent plexus around the CCN neurones. A small number of afferents was observed
      from the lateral funiculus. They were thinner than those from the dorsal
      funiculus and entered the CCN from its lateral aspect. The afferents from the
      dorsal funiculus had the same orientation as the dorsolaterally directed
      dendrites and the lateral funicular afferents the same as the laterally oriented
      dendrites.

PMID- 381015
TI  - Synthesis and biological activities of some indolo[2,3-c]isoquinoline
      derivatives.
AB  - Indolo[2,3-c]isoquinoline derivatives have been synthesized and tested for their
      antimicrobial activities. Some of them display good in vitro activity against
      fungi and gram-positive bacteria.

PMID- 381016
TI  - Abnormalities in mitochondrial respiratory chain assembly and their proteolytic
      elimination.

PMID- 381017
TI  - Interconvertibility of two chromatographically separable forms of Escherichia
      coli elongation factor Tu.

PMID- 381018
TI  - Conformational changes of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase on binding of
      templates.

PMID- 381019
TI  - The primary structure of protein L20 from the large subunit of the Escherichia
      coli ribosome.

PMID- 381020
TI  - The pathway for L-galactonate catabolism in Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 381021
TI  - Crystal and molecular structure of the acetonide of 5-methylaminomethyl-2
      thiouridine: a minor constituent of Escherichia coli tRNAs.

PMID- 381022
TI  - Yeast tyrosine tRNA labeled with osmium at the isopentenyl adenosine residue.

PMID- 381023
TI  - [Comparative study of the quality of medical preparations of pepsin].

PMID- 381024
TI  - [Equipment for the work areas in hospital pharmacies in the USA].

PMID- 381026
TI  - Artificial insemination of husband's sperm.

PMID- 381025
TI  - [Use of polarography in the analysis of preparations containing cardiac
      glycosides].

PMID- 381027
TI  - A General Treatise of Midwifery: Chapter V. Of conception.

PMID- 381028
TI  - [Evaluation of donor heart metabolic processes during the pretransplantation
      period].

PMID- 381029
TI  - [Physiologic role of pulmonary surfactant].

PMID- 381030
TI  - [Possibilities and prospects for the technic of tetrapolar transthoracic
      impedance rheoplethysmography for noninvasive study of hemo- and cardiodynamics].

PMID- 381031
TI  - [Experience of the prosthetic consultation center at Bekes County].

PMID- 381032
TI  - [Review: physiology of fish electroreceptors (1973--1978)].

PMID- 381033
TI  - Directory of the Florida Dental Association.

PMID- 381034
TI  - Surgical preparation for removable prosthodontics.

PMID- 381035
TI  - [The development of an enzyme-immunoassay for the thyroid-stimulating hormone and
      its clinical application (author's transl)].

PMID- 381036
TI  - [A study on the immunoreactive luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in villi by
      radioimmunoassay in the first trimester (author's transl)].
AB  - We extracted the immunoreactive luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (IR-LHRH)
      from villous and plasma in the first trimester of pregnancy with 0.2N acetic acid
      and the florisil absorbtion method. Recovery rate was 40.0 +/- 4.08% in the
      former and 62.5 +/- 9.5% in the latter, respectively. These IR-LHRH were measured
      by radioimmunoassay, which showed sensitivity from 5 to 500 pg/ml. The villous IR
      LHRH was compared with synthetic LH-RH by a dilution curve in different
      concentrations and the column gel filtration of sephadex-G25. The dilution curve
      of synthetic LH-RH and sample material showed a significant correlation, and the
      elution time of villous IR-LHRH on the column was something faster than that of
      synthetic LH-RH. The concentration of villous IR-LHRH showed 20--100 pg/0.1g dry
      weight in the first trimester of pregnancy, and the peak was at 9 weeks of normal
      pregnancy and at 8 weeks of inevitable abortion respectively, but these IR-LHRH
      levels were not changed between pre- and post-dilation and curettage. From this
      evidence, we considered that IR-LHRH show activity of the local hormone in
      villous tissue similar to somatostation.

PMID- 381037
TI  - Legionnaires' disease.

PMID- 381038
TI  - [Clinical experiments with erythromycin ethylsuccinate (erythromycin Abbott) in
      suppurative dental diseases in pedodontics].

PMID- 381039
TI  - [The emotive investment of the dentist. Notes on psychology in dentistry].

PMID- 381040
TI  - [Haller at the "Charite" with Ledran].

PMID- 381041
TI  - Brand names and 'image'--your silent salesmen.

PMID- 381042
TI  - Canadian denturist advises U.S. dentistry: compromise.

PMID- 381043
TI  - The prosthetic delivery system: effect of possible changes.

PMID- 381044
TI  - What it takes to treat prosthetic patients.

PMID- 381045
TI  - Selective glossary of dental terms.

PMID- 381046
TI  - Child abuse and neglect: history, identification and reporting.

PMID- 381047
TI  - The management of the pacemaker wearer during dental hygiene treatment.

PMID- 381048
TI  - Calcium hydroxide: an effective desensitizing agent.

PMID- 381049
TI  - Values: a review of the literature and implications for dental hygiene.

PMID- 381051
TI  - Magic makes patients' anxieties disappear.

PMID- 381050
TI  - Conservative temporary splinting is a valuable perio technique.

PMID- 381052
TI  - Dentistry in the US: struggle, disputes, lawsuits.

PMID- 381053
TI  - Indications and contraindications for removal of the impacted tooth.

PMID- 381055
TI  - Crown construction under a partial denture clasp.

PMID- 381054
TI  - Prevention, treatment, and prognosis for nerve injury related to the difficult
      impaction.

PMID- 381056
TI  - An alternative to conventional mandibular overdenture service.

PMID- 381057
TI  - The assistant, preventive dentistry and the "pumie" proph.

PMID- 381058
TI  - Rationale of bonding agents.

PMID- 381059
TI  - The immediate overdenture.

PMID- 381060
TI  - Dental adhesives--a problem.

PMID- 381061
TI  - Addition of a pontic to a preexisting fixed bridge.

PMID- 381062
TI  - The origin of orthodontics.

PMID- 381063
TI  - Spring cantilever bridge design for single and double pontics.

PMID- 381064
TI  - The construction of complete dentures--variations on several themes: part 4.

PMID- 381065
TI  - The construction of complete dentures, variations on several themes: part 5.

PMID- 381066
TI  - The construction of complete dentures--variations on several themes: part 1.

PMID- 381067
TI  - The construction of complete dentures--variations on several themes: part 2.

PMID- 381068
TI  - Direct immunofluorescence studies in granuloma annulare, necrobiosis lipoidica
      and granulomatosis disciformis Miescher.
AB  - Direct immunofluorescence studies in granuloma annulare, necrobiosis lipoidica
      and granulomatosis disciformis Miescher are reported. In all 29 cases fibrillar
      deposits of fibrin in the necrobiotic areas have been found. Complement, mainly
      C3, was present in the region of the dermo-epidermal junction in 83% of the
      cases. Although the walls of the vessels in the superficial layers of the dermis
      showed a positive staining with antifibrinogen and complement, those around the
      necrobiotic areas were negative in most of the cases. The possible significance
      of these findings for the pathogenesis has been discussed.

PMID- 381069
TI  - Particular RNA fragments as promoters of leukocyte and platelet formation in
      rabbits.
AB  - Under well-defined conditions, ribosomal RNA from Escherichia coli is fragmented
      by pancreatic ribonuclease, leading to the appearance of particular RNA
      fragments. Some of these fragments act as primers for in vitro replication of DNA
      extracted from blood-cell and platelet-forming tissues. In experimental rabbits
      they restore in a rapid and harmless way normal circulating leukocyte and
      platelet levels when these have been drastically decreased by various
      chemotherapeutic agents mainly used in anticancer therapy. Imbalance between
      polynuclear and lymphocyte count provoked in rabbits by cyclophosphamide can be
      rapidly corrected by treating the animal with active RNA fragments.

PMID- 381070
TI  - Biological activity of synthetic subunits of streptococcus peptidoglycan. I.
      Pyrogenic and thrombocytolytic activity.
AB  - The ability of some synthetically prepared analogues of Streptococcus
      peptidoglycan subunits (dipeptide, tetrapeptide, glycodipeptide and
      glycotetrapeptide) to cause fever in rabbits and lysis of rabbit blood platelets
      was studied. While di- and tetrapeptides did not exhibit these activities,
      glycodipeptides and glycotetrapeptides displayed pyrogenic and thrombocytolytic
      activities comparable with those of natural peptidoglycans.

PMID- 381071
TI  - Suppressive action of Candida albicans on the immune response in mice.
AB  - This study was carried out to determine whether Candida albicans infection has a
      suppressive effect on the immune response in mice and, if so, whether the
      suppressive effect influences the response towards T-dependent or T-independent
      antigens. ICR mice were injected with SRBC with or without C. albicans, or with
      bacterial LPS with or without C. albicans. The immune response of the mice
      towards SRBC or towards the LPS was compared by the assay for PFC,
      hemagglutination and hemolysis tests. The results showed a decrease in the number
      of PFC in spleens of mice inoculated with SRBC and C. albicans as compared to
      mice inoculated with SRBC alone, but no decrease in animals injected with LPS and
      C. albicans as compared to those immunized with LPS alone. No significant
      differences in the titers of hemagglutinins and hemolysins in sera of mice
      inoculated with SRBC or with SRBC and C. albicans were observed. C. albicans
      infection had no effect at all on the hemagglutinins and hemolysins titers in
      sera of mice inoculated with LPS. These data indicate that C. albicans affects
      the early phase of the immune response primarily towards T dependent antigens.

PMID- 381072
TI  - Frequency, serodiagnosis and epidemiological features of subacute sclerosing
      panencephalitis (SSPE) and epidemiology and vaccination policy for measles in the
      Federal Republic of Germany (FRG).
AB  - In the FRG, SSPE, a slow infection of the brain in children and young adults,
      known to be associated with a chronic measles virus infection, has an estimated
      incidence of 2.6 cases per million total population (61 million) and 9.7 cases
      per million population below the age of 19 years (16 million). In the 156 SSPE
      cases between 1968 and 1977 the characteristic clinical, epidemiological and
      serological features were found. Measles antibodies were present in the CSF and
      the serum titers as measured in conventional (CF--HI--IFA) and new (RIA and
      ELISA) tests were significantly higher than those in siblings, parents, age
      matched controls as well as in patients with recent measles or after live measles
      vaccination. Only in children with recent wild virus infection after previous
      vaccination with inactivated Split measles vaccine were similar elevated serum
      antibody levels observed. In the SSPE cases as well as in the former group,
      antibodies of the IgM-class were seldom detectable and isolation of infectious
      measles virus from brain tissue and lymphnode derived cell cultures was rarely
      accomplished. The search for a co-factor or triggering agent of SSPE such as
      inactivated or live measles virus vaccination, concomitant childhood infection or
      vaccination with onset of measles or SSPE was inclusive. The seroepidemiological
      observation of higher frequency and titer levels of EBV- and toxoplasmosis
      antibody in SSPE patients as compared to siblings and parents and the suspicion
      that arbor virus infection may have some influence on triggering SSPE must be
      further substantiated. It appears that this relatively rare disease arises after
      an early, normal measles infection in an immunologically competent child without
      special genetic characteristics, mainly belonging to the lower socio-economic
      group, by a change of the measles virus and the immune response of the host.

PMID- 381073
TI  - Clinical trial with an anti-rabies human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV).
AB  - A clinical trial with an anti-rabies human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) Merieux,
      has been carried out by the Government Central Laboratories and the District
      Health Office, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel, on 25 persons bitten by
      stray dogs and cats. These bitten persons were given 6 injections of the above
      mentioned vaccine on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90 post-exposure. A through medical
      examination was carried out by a qualified physician in order to establish the
      local and systemic side effects. These side effects were trivial and were mostly
      observed with the third and fourth injections. In addition a neutralization test
      on mice was carried out with all sera taken on the days of injection. There was a
      prompt and adequate development of neutralizing antibodies even on the seventh
      day after the beginning of treatment, and before the fourth injection. In several
      cases there was a very high level of neutralizing antibodies even reaching as
      much as 500 I.U./ml. In conclusion these results have shown that the diploid cell
      vaccine is a very safe immunogenic vaccine and the authors recommend its use for
      pre- and post-exposure.

PMID- 381075
TI  - Some problems--and their solutions--in the production of DTP (diphtheria,
      tetanus, pertussis) vaccine.
AB  - The desirability of choosing methods and equipment to meet local needs such as
      yield per cycle and ready availability of components of media and other reagents,
      and of simple equipment such as good quality glassware, of replacement parts for
      more complex equipment, and, most of all, of technical assistance is emphasised.
      Particular emphasis is given to ways of increasing yield from agar and static
      liquid culture and to simple methods of separating bacteria from large volumes of
      culture using bacterial-precipitants. Designs are given for simple growth and
      mixing vessels, including magnetically-stirred units which require a minimum of
      servicing. It is strongly recommended that the basic production-unit should be a
      simple, multipurpose, high-quality stainless-steel vessel of appropriate size:
      such a unit has a working-life of at least 10 years. Regardless of the type of
      equipment used, simple or complex, the need, at all times, for well-trained
      technical staff is also stressed.

PMID- 381074
TI  - [Antitetanus vaccination: preliminary results of a study in Africa].
AB  - Two commercialized anatoxins, titrating 30 Lf per dose and adsorbed on Ca
      phosphate and Al hydroxide respectively, were studied in comparison with an
      experimental anatoxin titrating 25 Lf per dose and adsorbed on Al phosphate, and
      with a placebo. 595 schoolchildren from Cameroun were randomly assigned to four
      groups and inoculated twice, with a year's interval between the two inoculations.
      Serological checks were carried out by double-blind trials using the passive
      hemagglutination (HA) method on days 7, 90, 365 and 395. HA titers rose
      substantially after three months and then fell during the 12th month. The HA
      method does not give a clear indication of the amount of protection obtained
      after only one inoculation, but this amount would seem to be small according to
      the results of neutralization tests carried out on samples. It is only after the
      second injection that protection is provided for most subjects. Results vary
      depending on the anatoxin and are not linked to the--benign--clinical reactions
      observed. This study confirms that if anatoxins with high antigenicity are to be
      used, two injections are necessary and sufficient to guarantee good immunity
      protection.

PMID- 381076
TI  - Potency and suppurative adenitis in BCG vaccination.
AB  - Studies performed up to now in animal and man show that potent BCG strains
      guarantee a higher protection against tuberculosis than strains with weak
      virulence. Vaccine prepared from a strong BCG strain may be administered in lower
      doses, reducing the incidence of suppurative adenitis to a level acceptable by
      the individual patients and the health authorities.

PMID- 381077
TI  - Experience with testing for mycoplasma with five different methods.
AB  - Five methods for mycoplasma-content detection in cell-cultures are established in
      this laboratory. Results with about 20 different cell lines continuously grown in
      this laboratory in some determinations indicate that four methods give good
      correspondence. A microbiological method gave contrary results in many cases. It
      is possible that new infections will grow on mycoplasma broth but the older
      infections are adapted to cell-culture and give negative results on artificial
      medium. New low-level infections cannot be detected by the other methods which do
      not include any efficient enrichment step. The most convenient method in our
      opinion is a DNA-staining method according to Chen because this is a very quick,
      inexpensive and easily performable process. In practice it seems necessary to
      check cell cultures in two ways, firstly with a quick method and additionally
      with the microbiological test to ensure the detection of new low-level
      infections.

PMID- 381079
TI  - Necrology: Francis D.W. Lukens, M.D.

PMID- 381080
TI  - Central nervous system defects in early human abortuses.
AB  - Thirteen embryos with various central nervous system (cns) defects were examined
      macroscopically and by serial sectioning, and were compared with seven control
      embryos. All had been aborted spontaneously. Examples of anencephaly, anencephaly
      with spina bifida, spina bifida alone, encephalocele, iniencephaly and cyclops
      were found. Histological assessment was directed mainly to the cns, the skeletal
      axis, the neural-crest derivatives and remaining viscera. The cns was affected by
      postmortem change in some cases. Brain tissue was absent in most anencephalic
      embryos and spinal-cord tissue was absent at the level of the external lesion in
      all except one of the spina-bifida embryos. Defects such as diastematomyelia were
      found occasionally. Widespread abnormalities were found in the cartilaginous
      vertebral colun. The meninges were unusually vascular, but other neural crest
      derivatives appeared to be normal. The possible causes of absent brain or spinal
      cord are discussed and the findings are compared with the pathology of cns
      defects in childhood.

PMID- 381078
TI  - Venezuelan encephalitis virus-induced alterations in carbohydrate metabolism in
      geneticaly diabetic mice.

PMID- 381081
TI  - The therapeutic underpriviledged.

PMID- 381082
TI  - Glucagon and diabetes: a reappraisal.

PMID- 381083
TI  - Methods of assessing diabetic control.
AB  - Control of diabetes from complete normalisation to less adequate degrees of
      metabolic regulation needs to be assessed with regard to conditions of evaluation
      and to severity of the disease. Under optimal conditions the therapeutic events
      should occur with well-timed regularity. Different assessment criteria are
      appropriate depending on the severity of the deficiency of endogenous insulin.
      Plasma and urine glucose and ketone body measurements remain the practical
      standards for assessing diabetic control. Abnormalities of lipid and protein
      metabolites serve to augment the scope of the assessment. Triglycerides and
      haemoglobin AIc are also useful indicators of control. In mild (Type II) diabetes
      it may be possible to achieve normal plasma glucose measurements two hours after
      meals. Such aims carry a risk of hypoglycaemia in severe (Type I) diabetes.
      Normoglycaemia and aglycosuria in severe diabetes are feasible only preprandially
      in most cases. The use of urine glucose tests requires evaluation of blood-to
      urine glucose relationships. Practical and convenient methods for identifying
      patients with high or low "renal thresholds" are described. Investigational
      methods for characterising diabetic patients assess the variability of glucose
      and other variables during therapy, as well as the degree to which normal values
      are attained. Such assessment methods may gain increasing practical importance as
      therapeutic approaches to diabetic control which are experimental at present come
      into practice.

PMID- 381085
TI  - The distal extension removable partial denture.

PMID- 381084
TI  - A comparison of carrier rates of Candida organisms in the oral cavity and under
      fingernails.

PMID- 381086
TI  - [Mucolytic acitivity of bromhexine guaiacol combination in chronic
      bronchopneumopathy patients].

PMID- 381087
TI  - Comparative study on antitumor effect of cell-wall skeleton of Mycobacterium
      bovis BCG and Nocardia rubra, with reference to T-cell dependency and
      independency.
AB  - Antitumor activity induced by the oil-attached cell-wall skeleton of Nocardia
      rubra (N-CWS) was compared with that of the oil-attached cell-wall skeleton of
      Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG-CWS) in syngeneic BALB/c tumor-host systems. In
      normal BALB/c mice (+/+), N-CWS exhibited stronger suppressive effect on
      syngeneic Br-1 and MCA tumors than did BCG-CWS. In athymic nude mice (nu/nu), BCG
      CWS was as effective as N-CWS for the suppression of growth of such tumors.
      Suppressive effect of N-CWS treatment appears to be stronger to some extent in
      +/+ mice than in nu/nu mice. Immune spleen cells obtained from +/+ mice after
      footpad inoculation of MCA tumor cells mixed with N-CWS were effective in
      suppressing the MCA tumor growth, although those obtained from mice after
      inoculation of MCA tumor cells mixed with BCG-CWS did not exhibit a suppressive
      effect. This antitumor activity of immune spleen cells may be attributed to tumor
      specific killer T cells. The differences of antitumor activities induced by these
      agents were discussed with reference to T-cell dependency and independency.

PMID- 381088
TI  - Effect of coadministration of uracil or cytosine on the anti-tumor activity of
      clinical doses of 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil and level of 5
      fluorouracil in rodents.
AB  - Concentration of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the tumor, blood, and various organs of
      AH130-bearing rats after administration of clinical doses of 1-(2
      tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (FT-207) and uracil was examined. The
      concentration of 5-FU in blood was less than 0.02 microgram/ml with all
      combinations of FT-207 and uracil except high molar ratios of uracil to FT-207
      (ratio, 5 and 10), whereas high concentrations of up to a maximum of 0.200
      microgram/g on administration of uracil plus 5 or 7.5 mg/kg of FT-207 (ratio, 4),
      was found in the tumor. On oral administration of FT-207 plus uracil in various
      combinations, the highest T/B (ratio of concentration of 5-FU in the tumor to
      that in blood) value was obtained at a ratio of uracil to FT-207 of 4. With this
      combination, 5-FU concentration in the tumor, muscle, and spleen was higher than
      that after administration of FT-207 alone (5 mg/kg). These results suggest that
      at the clinical doses the optimum molar ratio of uracil to FT-207 is 4.
      Coadministration of cytosine enhanced the antitumor activity of FT-207 on sarcoma
      180 in mice. However, cytosine enhanced the antitumor activity of FT-207 less
      than uracil and its coadministration resulted in a lower concentration of 5-FU in
      the tumor than coadministration of uracil.

PMID- 381090
TI  - Antigen characteristics of nitrosamine-induced urinary bladder cancer in rats.
AB  - Antigens expressed on urinary bladder cancer cells of transplantation and tissue
      culture lines, which originated in tumors induced by N-butyl-N-(4
      hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine in individual ACI/N rats, were studied by several
      immunological methods. Tumor-specific transplantation antigen was determined by
      transplantability of cancer cells into syngeneic rats which had been immunized
      with the respective cancer cells by the ligation-and-release method. Two out of 6
      bladder cancer lines showed high antigenicity but antigenicities of the other 4
      lines were of low or undetectable level. Cross resistance was observed in the
      transplantation immunity among the 2 high antigenic lines but not in the other
      lines. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity was assayed by the microtestplate method. The
      lymphoid cells from ACI rats hyper-immunized with cancer cells of a high
      antigenic line showed a marked cytotoxicity against cancer cells of the
      immunizing line but not to cells of the other bladder cancer lines including
      another high antigenic line that induced a cross resistance in transplantation
      immunity. Tumor-associated cell-surface antigen was detected by membrane
      immunofluorescence test with serum which was raised in allogeneic Donryu rat by
      the high antigenic bladder cancer and absorbed with normal ACI rat tissues. The
      absorbed serum gave positive membrane fluorescence to cancer cells of the
      immunizing line and 2 other bladder cancer lines but not to cells of other 4
      bladder lines and ACI tumors other than bladder cancer. The common antigen
      detected by the serological method was not reflected either in transplantation
      immunity or cell-mediated cytotoxicity of the immune lymphoid cells.

PMID- 381089
TI  - Activation of peritoneal macrophages by oil-attached cell-wall skeleton of BCG
      and Nocardia rubra.
AB  - The effect of oil-attached cell-wall skeletons of BCG (BCG-CWS) and Nocardia
      rubra (N. rubra-CWS) on macrophage functions was examined regarding phagocytosis
      of zymosan particles, uptake of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-dG), and cytostatic activity
      against syngeneic tumor cells. A single intraperitoneal injection of either BCG
      CWS or N. rubra-CWS in mice resulted in accumulation of a large number of
      macrophages in the peritoneal cavity. They demonstrated, in vitro, a significant
      cytostatic effect on target cells as well as increase in phagocytic activity and
      uptake of 2-dG. These results suggest that one of underlying mechanisms for the
      antitumor activity of BCG-CWS and N. rubra-CWS is possibly the activated
      macrophage-mediated system.

PMID- 381091
TI  - [Oddi's sphincter: traditional and functional anatomy].

PMID- 381092
TI  - Cimetidine in the treatment of acute alcoholic pancreatitis. A randomized, double
      blind study.
AB  - A double-blind study was made of the comparative effectiveness of cimetidine in
      the treatment of acute alcoholic pancreatitis. The study group was composed of 27
      patients with acute episodes of alcoholic pancreatitis of mild to moderate
      severity. The patients were randomized into 2 groups, either receiving
      cimetidine, 300 mg four times daily or a placebo. Both groups were given
      intravenous fluids and meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) as needed. There were
      no significant differences between the 2 groups as measured by a variety of
      clinical and laboratory parameters. The mean value of the daily serum amylase in
      the placebo group declined steadily to normal; hyperamylasemia in this group
      persisted for 52 +/- 11 hr (mean +/- SE). By contrast, serum amylase in the
      cimetidine group peaked at 24 hr after the start of treatment and remained
      abnormal slightly longer; the duration of hyperamylasemia in the group was 69 +/-
      10 hr. It is concluded that: (1) cimetidine is not superior to a placebo in the
      management of mild to moderately severe acute alcoholic pancreatitis and (2)
      serum amylase activity in patients with acute alcoholic pancreatitis given
      cimetidine tends to be greater and hyperamylasemia is of somewhat longer duration
      than in those treated with a placebo.

PMID- 381094
TI  - Clinical features and natural history of Crohn's disease.
AB  - Records of 1084 patients entered into the National Cooperative Crohn's Disease
      Study were analyzed to gather information concerning the natural history and
      clinical features of Crohn's disease. The age of onset reached a single peak
      between the second and fourth decade and was evenly distributed in both sexes.
      There was an average interval of 35 mo from onset of symptoms to diagnosis.
      Involvement of both colon and terminal ileum was the most frequent pattern and
      was present in 55% of patients. The disease was confined to the terminal ileum,
      other areas of the small intestine, or colon-only in 14%, 3%, and 15% of
      patients, respectively. Sigmoidoscopic abnormalities were seen in 34% of all
      patients and 51% of patients with Crohn's colitis. Diarrhea, abdominal pain,
      weight loss, and fever were present in the majority of the patients. Lower GI
      bleeding, fever, and perianal complications characterized patients with colon
      only involvement. The frequency of extra intestinal manifestations was similar in
      all groups. Among patients who were randomized to placebo, 32% achieved a
      spontaneous remission by the end of 17 wk, and 53% of these were still in
      remission at the end of 24 mo. Clinical remission was associated with an
      improvement in barium x-rays in 18% of the patients. The predicted factors
      associated with favorable outcome in placebo-treated patients were: previous
      surgical removal of all observable disease, absence of perianal disease, and
      Crohn's Disease Activity Index value under 200.

PMID- 381093
TI  - Cimetidine versus antacid in scleroderma with reflux esophagitis. A randomized
      double-blind controlled study.
AB  - The effectiveness of cimetidine vs. antacid in the treatment of patients with
      scleroderma and symptomatic reflux esophagitis was studied in a double-blind
      cross-over controlled trial. Fifteen patients were initially randomized to either
      cimetidine (300 mg four times daily) with placebo antacid, or placebo tablet (1
      four times daily) with Mylanta II (30 ml four times daily and PRN). After 8 wk of
      therapy on the initial regimen, each patient was crossed over to the alternate
      regimen for an additional 8 wk of therapy. The severity of symptoms during each
      treatment period was estimated by patient interviews and changes in esophagitis
      were evaluated endoscopically. Cimetidine gave significantly greater relief of
      heartburn than antacid regardless of the initial randomization. Cimetidine also
      resulted in significant endoscopic improvement of the esophageal mucosa whereas
      antacid was without effect. Neither cimetidine nor antacid produced any
      improvement in esophageal stricture size or lower esophageal sphincter pressure.
      Cimetidine was without toxicity whereas antacid therapy frequently produced
      diarrhea.

PMID- 381095
TI  - [Shute's suture in mediolateral episiotomy. A technique with many advantages
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparison of median with mediolateral episiotomy shows that mediolateral
      episiotomy offers notable advantages resulting naturally from its anatomical
      course and the possibility of eventual distension. -- The Shute seam is described
      as a suturing technique in episiotomy still largely unknown in Europe. Apart from
      easy and rapid suturing and much cleaner wound healing it offers the advantage of
      significant reduction of pain during childbed with very satisfactory functional
      and cosmetic results. -- Reduction of wound pain seems to be a decisive factor
      for the woman in childbed, especially in view of subsequent births, thus making
      it easier for the obstetrician to obtain the patient's consent for performing
      episiotomy.

PMID- 381096
TI  - New aspects of the toxicology and pharmacology of pyrrolizidine alkaloids.

PMID- 381097
TI  - Variations of chlorpromazine-related isosteres on the glycemic response in mice.

PMID- 381098
TI  - The organization of the endocrine pancreas: a hypothetical unifying view of the
      phylogenetic differences.

PMID- 381099
TI  - [Yeast resistance to polyene antibiotics. I. Production of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae mutants resistant to nystatin and their genetic analysis].
AB  - 239 nistatin-resistant mutants were selected after UV-irradiation of yeasts.
      Phenotypical analysis has revealed two main groups of the mutants: 1) resistant
      to nistatin and resistant or sensitive (in different combinations) to haptaens;
      2) resistant to nistatin and having an increased resistance to haptens. It is
      found that the sensitivity dominates over the resistance and hyper-resistance.
      Genetic analysis of the mutant collection has shown that the resistance to
      nistatin is determined by 5 nuclear genes (hysr). Hyper-resistance is controlled
      by mutations in other genes, which are not connected with stable phenotype. Genes
      of hyper-resistance can be considered as minus-modificators of pleiothrophic
      cross-resistance, characteristic of hysr genes. Plus-modificator genes of
      polyenic resistance are described. The gene hysr1 is linked with its chromosome.

PMID- 381100
TI  - [UV-induced DNA degradation in Aspergillus nidulans cells].
AB  - UV-induced DNA degradation was studied in mycellial cells of Aspergillus nidulans
      wild type and several uvs mutants. It was shown to be an enzymatic specific
      process which possibly reflects the excision of pyrimidine dimers from UV-damaged
      DNA. Inhibition of DNA degradation by caffeine and 2,4-dinitrophenol shows the
      connection between degradation and repair of DNA. Two ways of DNA degradation
      were found in A. nidulans cells, one of them being glucose dependent and the
      other--glucose independent. The dependence of DNA degradation on protein
      synthesis before and after UV-irradiation was demonstrated. The scheme of ways of
      DNA degradation and its genetic control were suggested on the basis of uvs
      mutations effect on UV-induced DNA degradation.

PMID- 381101
TI  - [Genetic effects of sulfur-35 decay in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. V.
      Comparative study of the lethal and mutagenic effectiveness of the decay of 35S
      and 32P incorporated into cells of the radiosensitive mutant xrs2].
AB  - The lethal effect of 35S and 32P decays on cells of yeast radiation-sensitive
      mutant xrs2 was studied. The mutant is 7 times more sensitive than the wild type
      to transmutation of both isotopes. The survival curve for xrs2 was exponential.
      In spite of the lethal effect, mutant cells are not more mutable than the wild
      type under decays of both isotopes (the number of mutations in ade1 and ade2
      genes was counted), xrs2 and wild type strains differ in kinds of mutations
      induced by the decay of incorporated 35S in ade2 locus. Namely, there are 82% of
      base substitutions and 18% of other types mutations induced in xrs2 strain
      despite 97% and 3% respectively for the wild type strain. Also it was shown that
      complete and mosaic mutants, induced by the the 35S decay in xrs2 strain, differ
      in a pattern of interallelic complementation.

PMID- 381102
TI  - [Control of plasmid incompatibility: characteristics of the bireplicon hybrid
      pAS8 and its deletion mutants].
AB  - The phenomenon of incompatibility has been investigated using deletion mutants of
      hybrid bireplicon plasmid pAS8. The hybrid pAS8 displays incompatibility specific
      for both components of its structure. In contrast to P-specificity of pAS8,
      functions of ColE1-specificity are not effectively expressed. Expression of ColE1
      specificity in pAS8 plasmid and its derivatives is characterized by different
      directions and this is due to the presence or absence of genes of RP4 replication
      machinery in the plasmid DNA. Mutant plasmids show different efficiency of P
      specificity depending on the extension of deletion in the region of essential
      genes of the RP4 component. Some of the mutants, in spite of the loss of
      replication genes, including origin of vegetative replication, are incompatible
      with the representatives of the Inc P group in both directions of testing.
      Different character and the level of expression of ColE1- and P-specificity in
      the pAS8 hybrid and its deletion derivatives are not associated with change in
      the number of plasmid DNA copies, for all of them are subjects to stringent
      control of replication. The data suggest the existence of incompatibility
      functions control mechanism which does not seem to include replication genes.
      Possible ways of realization of the inc genes functions are discussed.

PMID- 381103
TI  - Cloning and endonuclease restriction analysis of argF and of the control region
      of the argECBH bipolar operon in Escherichia coli.
AB  - A 1.8 kb DNA fragment, liberated by endonuclease HindIII, contains the control
      region of the argECBH bipolar operon near one end and the weak secondary promoter
      of argH at the other extremity; it has been cloned in plasmid pBR322. The same
      plasmid vector has been used to clone the argF gene liberated from the chromosome
      by endonuclease BamHI. Restriction patterns for the two hybrid plasmids have been
      determined, using enzymes AluI, BglI, EcoRI, HaeIII, HincII, HindIII, HpaI and
      II, PstI and SalI. Two AluI sites situated on either side of and close to a
      HincII target delineate two short fragments covering the whole of the argECBH
      control region. The argF control elements are located in a region accessible to
      further dissection by BamHI, EcoRI, PstI and HindIII. Carriers of the argF
      plasmid produce extremely high amounts of ornithine carbamoyltransferase, a
      feature useful for purification of this enzyme.

PMID- 381104
TI  - High frequency of yeast transformation by plasmids carrying part or entire 2
      micron yeast plasmid.
AB  - By using two chimeric plasmids containing yeast ura3 gene and 2-micron yeast DNA
      linked to the bacterial plasmid pCR1, yeast transformation of a high frequency
      has been achieved. The first plasmid is such that the 2-micron DNA part, in which
      the ura3 gene is incorporated, can be removed in one step and thus the 2-micron
      ura3 sequence can be considered as a "transposable" block. In contrast, the
      second one bears the entire 2-micron plasmid and the ura3 gene is inserted in the
      bacterial plasmid part. As shown through hybridization experiments and genetic
      studies, the ura3 gene was maintained as a cytoplasmic element. Plasmids
      recovered from the yeast transformants were used to transform Escherichia coli.
      Their analysis by EcoRI showed that in many cases the vector had recombined with
      the endogenous 2-micron DNA of the recipient strain. The specific activity of
      orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (coded by ura3) in yeast transformants
      was 10- to 30-fold higher than in the wild type.

PMID- 381105
TI  - A coliphage lambda vector with enhanced biological containment: lambda
      gtALO.lambda B.
AB  - The biological containment of the lambda gt family of cloning vectors has been
      enhanced by conditionally blocking DNA replication as well as head and tail
      morphogenesis. The vector, lambda gtALO.lambda B, was constructed by crossing the
      Oam29, Aama1 and Lam439 mutations into lambda gt.lambda B. The mutation blocking
      phage DNA replication, Oam29, is suppressed by suII+ or suIII+. The head gene
      mutation, Aama1, is suppressed by suIII+ but not by suII+ and the tail gene
      mutation, Lam439, is suppressed by suII+ but not by suIII+. This allows the
      option of increasing the biological containment by producing heads when a large
      amount of cloned DNA is being prepared from an individual isolate. A model
      recombinant, lambda gt Aama1 Lam439 Oam29.KmR' (lambda gtALO.KmR') was
      constructed and the containment of the vector was evaluated by the series of
      standardized experiments required for EK2 certification.

PMID- 381106
TI  - Cloning and biological characterization of the immunity region of Escherichia
      coli phage Mu.
AB  - The construction of three hybrid plasmids containing different parts of the left
      or immunity and end of phage Mu DNA is described. The recombinant plasmids pKN05
      and pKN54 carry the HindIII.C and PstI.C fragments of Mu DNA, respectively.
      Neither of these plasmids expresses the killing function. Moreover, they do not
      allow plating of superinfecting Mu phages. Plasmid pKN62 harbors the fragment
      located in between the left PstI and EcoRI cleavage sites on Mu DNA, allows
      plating of superinfecting Mu phages, but does not express the killing function.
      These data suggest that the gene coding for the killing function is either
      positively regulated by a product from the EcoRI.C fragment, or the killing
      function requires a second product not coded for by pKN62. Mu Vir A- or Mu Vir B-
      phages are able to grow on bacteria harboring the recombinant plasmid pKN001
      which carries the left and EcoRI-C fragment of Mu DNA. This indicates that the
      superinfecting phages can induce the corresponding gene functions from pKN001. No
      such induction could be detected in cells harboring the hybrid plasmids pKN05,
      pKN54 or pKN62.

PMID- 381108
TI  - The site controlling the specificity of N action is outside the promoter-operator
      region: a triple hybrid phage lambda N21 imm434nin5.
AB  - A short interval of homology between imm lambda, imm434 and imm21 DNAs was
      identified near the leftward promoter-operator region. This homology, denoted Hs,
      was revealed by electron microscopic examination of lambda imm lambda/lambda
      imm21 and lambda imm434/lambda imm21 heteroduplexes, and permitted us to
      construct a special lambda hybrid (lambda hyB) which contains the N region of
      phage 21 and the adjacent imm region from phage 434. This triple hybrid, labmda
      N21 imm434nin5, was analysed by genetic, transcriptional and electronic
      micrographic techniques. Its leftward and rightward promoter-operator regions are
      of phage 434 specificity and are controlled by the 434 repressor. Surprisingly,
      the N21 gene of lambda hyB was found to be defective, perhaps to preserve the
      viability of the hybrid. Its leftward N-recognition system (nutL) is of phage 21
      specificity since it responds only to the N21 function in complementation tests,
      as measured by antitermination of leftward transcription initiated at the pL
      promotor in the imm434 region. We conclude, therefore, that the pLoL region of
      434 contains no information for the specificity of N antitermination. Both lambda
      imm21 and lambda hyB were found to be missing the tL1 terminator function (see
      also Salstrom and Szybalski, 1978b). In these phages, the tL2 terminator was
      found to be only 60% effective under N21 conditions, and therefore expression of
      their red-gam genes is sufficient to endow the lambda hyB and lambda N21-
      imm21nin5 phages with the Fec+ phenotype.

PMID- 381107
TI  - Cloning and expression of the yeast galactokinase gene in an Escherichia coli
      plasmid.
AB  - This report describes the construction and isolation of a plasmid, derived from
      pBR322, which carries a BglII restriction fragment of DNA containing the
      galactokinase gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This was accomplished by the
      following procedure: (1) Purified galactokinase mRNA, labelled with 125I, was
      hybridized to BglII digests of yeast DNA employing Southern's filter transfer
      technique to identify a restriction fragment containing the galactokinase gene.
      (2) This fragment was partially purified by agarose gel electrophoresis, ligated
      into the BamHI site of pBR322 and transformed into Escherichia coli to generate a
      clone bank containing the galactokinase gene. (3) This bank was screened by in
      situ colony hybridization with galactokinase mRNA resulting in the identification
      of a plasmid carrying this gene. This plasmid DNA hybridized with the
      galactokinase mRNA to the same extent in the presence of absence of a large
      excess of unlabelled mRNA from cells that were not induced for galactokinase
      synthesis, while the same amount of unlabelled galactose-induced mRNA reduced the
      hybridization by 95%. When this plasmid was introduced into an E. coli strain
      deleted for the galactose operon it caused the synthesis of low levels of yeast
      galactokinase activity.

PMID- 381109
TI  - [The "pregnancy time-tables" of Johannes von Muralt. Contribution to the history
      of calculation of the term of delivery].

PMID- 381110
TI  - [The effect of fear and fright on the plague and its control according to two
      18th century papers on plague].

PMID- 381111
TI  - [The physician's concept of the plague from an historical viewpoint].

PMID- 381112
TI  - [Larrey's amputation technic].

PMID- 381113
TI  - [Concept and history of disease].

PMID- 381114
TI  - [From the medical history of Appenzell Ausserrhoden (1800-1830)].

PMID- 381115
TI  - [Medicine in the Valais up to the end of the 19th century].

PMID- 381116
TI  - [Delivery in the central Valais between 1850 and 1950].

PMID- 381117
TI  - [Wilhelm Loffler (1887-1972) as a medical historian].

PMID- 381118
TI  - [Gondeschapur--a medical school of the 6th century A.D].

PMID- 381119
TI  - [Accelerated bacteriologic study of washings from objects in the environment].

PMID- 381120
TI  - [Protective effect of lipoic acid amide in experimental mercurialism].

PMID- 381121
TI  - [Zinaida Vasil'evna Gordon (on her 70th birthday)].

PMID- 381122
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Adam Baron].

PMID- 381123
TI  - [Dr. Edward Riess].

PMID- 381124
TI  - Double-blind trial of the use of transfer factor in the treatment of Crohn's
      disease.
AB  - We have undertaken a double-blind controlled trial of the use of transfer factor
      in Crohn's disease. Thirty-three patients with known Crohn's disease completed
      the trial in which half the patients had three injections of transfer factor and
      the other half were given saline. After six months there was no significant
      difference in the clinical condition of either of the two groups compared with
      before receiving treatment. There was also no difference in their in vitro
      lymphocyte function, although a number of patients exhibited altered
      responsiveness to skin testing with tuberculin or streptokinase/streptodornase. A
      signficant fall on Crohn's disease activity index score occurred over the initial
      'acclimatising period' before the trial was started, probably related to
      overcoming initial introspection and the placebo effect of being part of a trial.

PMID- 381126
TI  - Sir Arthur Hurst. (Born 23 July 1879, died 17 August 1944).

PMID- 381125
TI  - The Paneth cell.

PMID- 381127
TI  - Controlled trial of maintenance cimetidine treatment in healed duodenal ulcer:
      short and long-term effects.
AB  - Forty-two patients with endoscopically diagnosed duodenal ulcer were studied in a
      double-blind trial after their ulcers had been healed with cimetidine. Cimetidine
      was effective in preventing relapse, only five of the 20 patients allocated to
      cimetidine 400 mg twice daily relapsing during the six months' treatment,
      compared with 16 of the 22 on placebo treatment (P less than 0.01). Cimetidine
      was safe in the dosage and duration used, no symptomatic, haematological, or
      biochemical abnormalities occurring during the trial. Subsequent follow-up at the
      end of the trial when treatment had been stopped showed that relapse was
      frequent, particularly in the cimetidine group, making the cumulative relapse
      rate eight months after completion of the trial similar in the two groups (75% in
      the cimetidine group, 86% in the placebo group). It seems likely that maintenance
      cimetidine treatment has to be continued indefinitely in patients with duodenal
      ulcer, and, until such treatment is shown to be safe and effective, surgical
      treatment remains a logical option for many patients.

PMID- 381128
TI  - Idiopathic portal hypertension (perisinusoidal fibrosis) after renal
      transplantation.
AB  - We report the cases of two renal transplant recipients suffering from idopathic
      portal hypertension, a condition characterised by increased portal venous
      pressure in the absence of both histological lesion of the liver and obstruction
      of the portal vein. In these two patients, perisnusoidal fibrosis, invisible by
      light microscopy, was demonstrated by electron microscopy; it is suggested that
      partial obstruction of hepatic sinusoids by perisinusoidal fibrosis could be the
      mechanism for increased portal venous pressure in all the patients with
      idiopathic portal hypertension. In these two patients, who received 6
      mercaptopurine and azathioprine, perisinusoidal fibrosis might be the consequence
      of prolonged administration of these drugs.

PMID- 381129
TI  - Contributions of gnotobiology to nutrition science.

PMID- 381130
TI  - A comparison of UV-induction in exponentially growing and resting Escherichia
      coli B/r Hcr+.
AB  - Using the method of two separate UV exposures the increase of UV resistance after
      various induction fluences in growing and resting Escherichia coli B/r Hcr+ was
      followed. In resting cells, the optimum induction energy fluence was found to be
      30 J/m2. In exponentially growing cells testing of induction has proved to be
      possible only under conditions of postincubation of cells with chloramphenicol
      after the second fluence. Under these conditions the induction energy fluence up
      to the observed 50 J/m2 resulted in an increased survival.

PMID- 381131
TI  - Transport of manganese into Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The uptake of Mn2+ by Saccharomyces cerevisiae at the expense of endogenous
      sources of energy depends on the stage of culture development and is maximum in
      the middle of the exponential phase. The ability of cells to take up Mn+ is
      related to the content of intracellular potassium at all stages of growth, to the
      content of ATP during the exponential phase and it is not related to the content
      of inorganic polyphosphates. The uptake is inhibited by oligomycin (25
      microgram/ml) by 50-85% and under anaerobic conditions by 10-50%, depending on
      the stage of growth, indicating the role of aerobic phosphorylation in the
      process. The uptake of Mn+ is apparently associated with a hydrolysis of low
      molecular weight polyphosphates and ATP, as well as with the exit of K+ from
      cells.

PMID- 381132
TI  - The decreased in vitro chemotactic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes of
      newborns and infants.
AB  - Using Boyden's technique, a statistically significant decrease in the chemotactic
      activity of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes was found during the early
      postnatal period, i.e. in the cord blood and in blood of newborns within the
      first 10-15 d of life after stimulation of cells with both zymosan-activated
      adult serum (ZAS) and with an abacterial filtrate of Escherichia coli broth
      culture (ECF). After this period, the responsiveness of leukocytes to both
      chemotactic agents increased and remained at the same level during the whole
      observation period, i.e. up to the age of 6 months. Nevertheless even then it did
      not reach fully the responsiveness of the leukocytes of mothers and pregnant
      women. Zymosan-activated serum was shown to be a more potent chemotactic stimulus
      to leukocytes of infants as compared to the E. coli filtrate.

PMID- 381133
TI  - Antimicrobial effect of 4-nitrophenylhydrazones, isonicotinoylhydrazones and N-4
      nitrophenylglycosylamines of D- and L-aldoses.
AB  - The antibacterial effect of 19 4-nitrophenylhydrazones, isonicotinoylhydrazones,
      and N-4-nitrophenylhydrazones, of 9 mono- and 2 disaccharides was tested with
      Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus licheniformis and Escherichia coli.

PMID- 381134
TI  - Secondary metabolism as an expression of microbial growth and development.
AB  - A case is made out for regarding secondary metabolism as part of normal cell
      growth, related to its interactions with the environment. Secondary metabolism is
      widespread, especially in fungi and actinomycetes, and is not to be regarded as
      confined to the production of antibiotics and other special substances. It is
      part of the normal maturation process. Examples are given of the influence of
      secondary metabolism in ecological systems. It is also shown that cell
      productivity can be related to age structure. Secondary metabolism is thus linked
      with growth, although in many cases this may not be obvious in laboratory work.
      Initiation of production will arise from the system which regulates growth and
      differentiation. These processes are little understood at present, but it is
      clear that the factors involved differ in different instances and that they
      involve a very great variety of biochemical and physiological processes.

PMID- 381136
TI  - Controling medicaid costs.

PMID- 381137
TI  - Geriatric care abroad.

PMID- 381135
TI  - [Objectivation of tremor and motion disorders via computerisation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The quantitative analysis of motion disorders of the upper extremities can be
      performed by means of a joystick connected with a minicomputer. Therefore a
      random squarewave curve is drawn on a computer display and the patient must
      follow it with the joystick. The deviation of the two curves are recorded,
      analysed and documented numerically and graphically.

PMID- 381138
TI  - An apraisal of the role of aldosterone and the sympathetic nervous system in
      essential hypertension.
AB  - Of the various hypertensive disorders in which mineralocorticoid hormones are
      involved mainly those are reviewed in which, apart from aldosterone,
      hyporeactivity of the adrenergic nervous system may play a permissive role. The
      simultaneous occurrence and extent of participation of these two factors in
      essential hypertension are being appreciated increasingly. Their share in the
      mosaic of hypertension may add to the accumulating knowledge of this disease
      entity. In exploring the underlying mechanisms of hypertension common regulatory
      pathways involving aldosterone and the adrenergic nervous system may lead to new
      aethiopathogenetic insights.

PMID- 381139
TI  - The effect of (6-D-(O-TERT-B)-Ser)-gonadoliberin-(1--9) nonapeptide-ethylamide on
      gonadotropin release in prepubertal boys.
AB  - (6-D-(o-tert-B)-Ser)-gonadoliberin-(1--9) nonapeptide-ethylamine, (HOE 766), a
      highly active LH-RH analogue, was studied with regard to its effects on the
      release of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in 29
      prepubertal boys given different doses (1 microgram, 2,5 microgram, 5 microgram
      or 7,5 microgram respectively). The effect of HOE 766 is dose dependent for FSH,
      but not for LH. There are important differences in the reaction of these young
      subjects from those of adults. Whereas LH levels barely rose, FSH secretion was
      superior to that seen in adults.

PMID- 381140
TI  - Binding of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone to human serum proteins-
      influence of a chronic treatment with a more potent analogue of LH-RH.
AB  - Binding of 125I-LH-RH and its analogue, 125I-6-D-Leu-10-Des-Gly-Ethylamide-LH-RH
      (6-D-LH-RH) in male serum was studied in 10 healthy males and in 11 patients with
      idiopathic gonadotropin deficiency (IGD) before and during treatment with 6-D-LH
      RH. Using either equilibrium dialysis (A) or ethanol precipitation (B) 13.57 +/-
      0.69% (A) or 19.32 +/- 1.73% (B) of LH-RH and 7.12 +/- 0.86% (A) or 14.56 +/-
      1.06% (B) of the analogue were in the bound form, without difference between
      normal subjects and IGD. Capacity of this binding was high (greater than 9 less
      than 18 mu-Mol LH-RH/0.06 mMol of protein), affinity very low, and the binding
      almost completely disappeared following removal of albumins by affinity
      chromatography. Chronic treatment with 6-D-LH-RH did not alter these binding
      characteristics. These observations suggest non specific albumin binding of LH-RH
      in male serum and stress the role of this decapeptide as a rapid modulating
      regulator of gonadotropin secreting system.

PMID- 381141
TI  - LH, FSH responses to GnRH in lepromatous leprosy.

PMID- 381142
TI  - Analogues of [3H] chloramphenicol for photoaffinity labeling.
AB  - The synthesis of [3H]chloramphenicol and its erythro-diastereoisomer with
      specific activities of 1.25 Ci/mmol, and the further transformation of the
      [3H]chloramphenicol to a series of azido and diazo-substituted derivatives are
      described. The antibiotic activity of the compounds was considered insufficient
      for their use as photoaffinity labels.

PMID- 381143
TI  - Diagnosis of primary thyroid carcinoma by immunohistological demonstration of
      thyroglobulin.
AB  - Thyroglobulin was found by the immunoperoxidase technique in routine histological
      sections of biopsies from all of 30 proven cases of well differentiated papillary
      or follicular thyroid carcinoma examined, in one of 20 anaplastic thyroid tumours
      and in none of 49 other tumours examined. Immunohistological demonstration of
      thyroglobulin in thyroidal or extrathyroidal tumours is of diagnostic value in
      confirming that the thyroid is the tissue of origin. Well differentiated tumours
      lacking thyroglobulin probably do not arise from thyroid epithelium.

PMID- 381144
TI  - Competition is Durenberger's response to system reform.
AB  - The Minnesota senator contends that "no change" is not an option for the health
      care system and urges passage of his bill to spur competition.

PMID- 381146
TI  - Hospital industry takes HEW to court on malpractice rules.

PMID- 381145
TI  - Blue Cross celebrates 50th anniversary.

PMID- 381148
TI  - U.S. judge stops comparison of PSROs, state reviewers.

PMID- 381147
TI  - California's cap on Medi-Cal payments illegal, court says.

PMID- 381149
TI  - Patricia Harris: outspoken 'team player'.

PMID- 381150
TI  - Medicare section 223 poses problems for providers.

PMID- 381151
TI  - Keeping them well is good business too. Health promotion.
AB  - Many hospitals today regard motivating people to take better care of themselves,
      and teaching them how, to be as much a part of their mission as repairing the
      damage when they don't.

PMID- 381152
TI  - Septic arthritis in a neonate.

PMID- 381153
TI  - Evaluation of insulin secretory capacity in diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The capacity of the pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin can be evaluated in
      vivo by measurement either of circulating immunoreactive insulin or of C peptide,
      a by-product of insulin synthesis. Evaluation of serum levels is complicated,
      however, by the variable degradation rates and distribution spaces of these
      peptides. Also, interpretation of peripheral vein concentrations of insulin, and
      perhaps C peptide, is more difficult because of hepatic catabolism. Quantitation
      of these peptides in the urine may provide an integrated measure of insulin
      secretion. In insulin treated diabetic patients who develop circulating insulin
      antibodies, beta cell secretory capacity may be assessed by C peptide
      measurement, or by techniques that allow separate determinations of "free" and
      "total" insulin. A variety of stimulatory tests may be used to investigate
      insulin secretory capacity.

PMID- 381154
TI  - Glycosylated hemoglobins and diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Glycosylated hemoglobins result from post-translational changes in the hemoglobin
      molecule, and their levels correlate well with glycemic levels over the previous
      six to 10 weeks. Their use as an aid in monitoring diabetic control appears to be
      well established, but their value in predicting complications of diabetes and in
      diagnosing milder forms of diabetes is as yet unknown. Of the numerous methods
      available for the analysis of glycosylated hemoglobins, none has been evaluated
      extensively in a routine laboratory setting. However, liquid chromatography,
      isoelectric focusing, and radioimmunoassay techniques all give adequate results.
      For the purposes of monitoring long term diabetic control, assay of the fast
      hemoglobin fraction (AIa+b+c) appears adequate. However, for investigative
      purposes, when optimal sensitivity may be required, specific measurement of
      hemoglobin AIc is recommended.

PMID- 381156
TI  - Human embryonic monolayers as skin grafts: a preliminary report of an application
      in burn treatment.

PMID- 381155
TI  - Pathophysiology of the insulin receptor.

PMID- 381157
TI  - Some recent advances in cardiac pathology.

PMID- 381158
TI  - Impact of federal actions on graduate medical education.

PMID- 381159
TI  - The pathways of extraneural spread in metastasizing gliomas: a report of three
      cases and critical review of the literature.

PMID- 381160
TI  - Muramidase, an immunohistochemical marker of malignant histiocytosis.

PMID- 381161
TI  - A new lethal syndrome with cloudy corneae, diaphragmatic defects and distal limb
      deformities.
AB  - Two female sibs are reported with a possibly new lethal malformation pattern, the
      major anomalies of which are: coarse face with small eyes and cloudy corneae,
      cleft soft palate, hypoplasia and absence of lobulation of both lungs,
      diaphragmatic defects, digitalisation of thumbs and distal limb deformities.

PMID- 381162
TI  - Transformation of the development program in the mechanism of age pathology. An
      elevational model of age pathology and natural death in man.

PMID- 381163
TI  - Formation of neurophysiological mechanisms of visual perception during individual
      development of the child.

PMID- 381164
TI  - Automatic analysis of vestibular nystagmus.

PMID- 381165
TI  - The participation of macrophages and macrophage cell lines in the activation of T
      lymphocytes by mitogens.

PMID- 381166
TI  - T lymphocyte stimulation by hapten-conjugated macrophages: a model system for the
      study of immunocompetent cell interactions.

PMID- 381167
TI  - Activation of T-cells by a macrophage or 2-mercaptoethanol activated serum factor
      is essential for induction of a primary immune response to heterologous red cells
      in vitro.

PMID- 381168
TI  - The role of adherent cells in B and T lymphocyte activation.

PMID- 381169
TI  - Project tomorrow is now.

PMID- 381170
TI  - Career opportunity profile.

PMID- 381171
TI  - B-cell precursors in early chicken embryos.
AB  - The ontogeny of B-cell precursors in chicken embryos from day 3 of incubation
      onwards has been studied. Purified antibodies to chicken Ig L, gamma, mu, alpha
      chains were used in a sensitive indirect immunofluorescence assayed on fixed cell
      smears and wax-embedded tissue sections; the location and morphology of
      immunoglobulin positive (Ig+) cells were determined either in phase contrast or
      after histological staining. Lymphoid cells containing small amounts of
      cytoplasmic immunoglobulin were found in 3 day and older embryonic yolk sac, 11
      and 12 day blood, 11, 12 and 13 day bursal mesenchyme. cIg+ large basophilic
      cells were first seen in 14 day bursal follicles. It is concluded that cells
      enter the embryonic bursa at different developmental stages: some appear to be
      uncommitted stem cells, whilst others have already commenced B-cell maturation in
      an extra-bursal site.

PMID- 381172
TI  - Mouse thymus reticulo-epithelial (RE) cells in vitro: isolation cultivation and
      preliminary characterization.
AB  - The reticulo-epithelial (RE) cells of the thymus are presumably playing a crucial
      role in the differentiation of the T lineage lymphoid cells, but how this happens
      is still a matter for speculation. This paper describes a method for rapid
      preparation of thymic RE cells with as little damage as possible, their culture,
      and the analysis of their membrane antigens and of other cytological properties.
      The cultured cells are pleiomorphic, but at least two types can be distinguished,
      one being round and very villous, the other one being flat and very cystic.
      Thymus RE cells have species specific surface antigens and large amounts of H-2
      antigen. The possible presence of theta antigen is unclear. Most cells have no
      detectable Tla antigen. In vitro, they show some uptake of normal mouse serum
      immunoglobulins. RE cells show a surface migration of ligand-bound membrane
      antigen; such a capping is much slower than for lymphocytes, and is inhibited by
      10 mM NaN3; The drug also causes the apparition of long microprojections (or
      retraction fibres) on the villous RE cell type, as is also caused by a slight
      fixation with formalin. Type C virus particles are found in RE cells from AKR
      mice as young as 1 day.

PMID- 381173
TI  - Immunosuppressive ALS. II. Antibody to Ia antigens in heterologous anti
      lymphocyte serum.
AB  - The relationship between Ia alloantigens and xenoantigens detected by
      immunosuppressive heterologous anti-lymphocyte sera has been investigated. Three
      rabbit anti-rat lymphocyte sera were examined for the presence of antibodies to
      Ia antigens. Two of these sera, an anti-thymus membrane and anti-lymphocyte sera
      detected labelled cell-surface Ia antigens (mol. wt 35,000 and 27,000) present on
      rat spleen B cells. The third antiserum, prepared against fractionated soluble
      lymphocyte antigens, was essentially non-reactive with these antigens. Of these
      three heterologous antisera, the anti-membrane serum reacted with the same
      antigens detected by two alloantisera. It seemed possible that such an antiserum
      could modify a recipient animal's immune response in vivo in a fashion identical
      to alloantibody to Ia antigens. In fact, all three heterologous antisera,
      including one devoid of antibody to Ia proved immunosuppressive in vivo. These
      results suggest that antibodies to antigens other than Ia can induce prolonged
      allograft survival. Since heterologous sera bind Ia antigens, it remains to be
      determined whether monospecific heterologous antisera to Ia antigens can
      allograft survival. The results raise the prospect that more than one antibody
      specificity may contribute to the immunosuppression achieved with ALS.

PMID- 381174
TI  - Functional and morphological recovery of the T-cell compartment in lethally
      irradiated and reconstituted mice.
AB  - The recovery of the T-cell compartment in mice after lethal irradiation and
      reconstitution was studied using functional and morphological parameters. T
      helper cell activity, determined by the direct SRBC-plaque-forming cell (PFC)
      response, recovers in a similar fashion as T-memory function which was studied by
      adoptive transfer of carrier-primed cells. Both functions return to control
      levels in 2.5-3 months. Using immunoperoxidase staining of frozen sections with
      anti-T cell serum, the morphological recovery of the T-cell dependent areas in
      the white pulp of the spleen could be studied and compared with the functional
      recovery.

PMID- 381175
TI  - IgM rheumatoid factor as a source of non-specificity in murine anti-allotype
      sera.
AB  - Anti-allotype sera have shown a breakdown of the expected specificity especially
      when used for the development of haemolysis of fragile target erythrocytes. IgM
      anti-IgG rheumatoid factor has been shown to be the source of non-specificity.
      Removal or destruction of IgM in an anti-allotype serum restores the expected
      specificity.

PMID- 381176
TI  - Dissociative effects of malarial infection on humoral and cell-mediated immunity
      in mice.
AB  - The effect of malarial infection on immune responses was studied in mice. When
      sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were injected 2 days before or at the same time as
      infection with Plasmodium berghei, there was a marked increase in the number of
      splenic plaque forming cells (PFC) induced by SRBC as compared with uninfected
      controls. When SRBC were injected 2 days or more after the infection, however,
      the PFC response was significantly reduced. On the other hand, cell-mediated
      immunity, as exemplified by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to a number of
      antigens, was suppressed whether the infection was introduced before or after
      antigen stimulation. A similar effect could be produced by injecting the host
      with the supernatant obtained following incubation in vitro of peripheral blood
      from heavily infected mice. When this supernatant was injected i.v. into normal
      mice at the same time as SRBC priming, it enhanced the humoral response to SRBC,
      but suppressed the DTH to SRBC. The coincident induction of this inverse
      relationship between humoral and cell-mediated immunities was clearly borne out
      by a dose response study using different dilutions of supernatant. The active
      component appeared to be of large molecular weight (greater than 150,000),
      thermostable and not present in the serum of infected mice.

PMID- 381177
TI  - The use of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection and
      quantification of specific antibody from cell cultures.
AB  - The solid phase enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been used to
      quantify anti-keyhole limpet haemocyanin (anti-KLH) antibody in the serum of KLH
      immune C57Bl/6 mice. When spleen cells from immune mice were cultured overnight
      in ELISA microtitre wells to which KLH had been adsorbed it was found that easily
      quantifiable amounts of anti-KLH antibody were synthesized and were detectable.
      It was found further that spleen cells from KLH-primed mice, when cultured in
      vitro in the presence of KLH, transferred to KLH-labelled ELISA plates, and
      cultured overnight, also produced detectable levels of antibody. Levels of
      antibody were detectable only after 4 and 5 days of in vitro stimulation. A
      comparison was made between detectable numbers of plaque forming cells to sheep
      red blood cells (SRBC) in SRBC primed CBA mice and levels of antibody detected by
      the ELISA procedure. It was found that the sensitivities of the two tests were
      comparable. The applications of this technique to the study of in vitro antibody
      synthesis using soluble antigens are discussed.

PMID- 381178
TI  - Natural resistance to Salmonella typhimurium in different inbred mouse strains.
AB  - The mechanisms of natural resistance to intravenous challenge with Salmonella
      typhimurium C5 are complex. LD50 determinations showed inbred mouse strains of
      low, intermediate and high natural resistance, with BALB/c and B10 strains the
      most susceptible, A/J the most resistant. Delayed (footpad) hypersensitivity was
      not by itself a measure of natural resistance. Resistant mouse strains sensitized
      either s.c. or i.v. with an attenuated salmonella strain showed positive 48 h
      footpad reactions when tested 8 days later with a salmonella extract, but three
      very susceptible strains also showed positive reactions. Determinations of the in
      vivo net growth rate of salmonellae in the liver and spleen during the first
      phase of the infection (up to day 4) arrange the different mouse strains into two
      categories of fast and slow net growth rate. All fast net growth rate strains are
      susceptible, but not all slow net growth rate strains are resistant. Besides slow
      net growth rate, resistance requires the participation of other factors appearing
      in the second phase of the infection (towards the end of the first week) probably
      involving the cellular immune response, which halts further bacterial growth. Not
      all slow net growth rate strains are equally capable of suppressing bacterial
      growth in this second phase. The host mechanism determining slow net growth rate
      is inherited as a dominant trait, and appears to be operating before the main
      cellular immune response. The influence of this mechanism on net growth rate is
      reflected in the time to death following a given dose of salmonellae. The present
      results suggest that overall resistance to salmonellae is polygenic, but that the
      mechanism responsible for the differences in early net growth rate is less
      complex.

PMID- 381179
TI  - Genetics of natural resistance to salmonellae in mice.
AB  - The genetics of natural resistance to salmonellae were studied in F1 hybrid and
      backcross mice. Overall resistance to Salmonella typhimurium C5 is complex, but
      one parameter, the early net growth rate of the organism in vivo, is controlled
      by a single autosomal gene or cluster of genes. 'Slow' net growth rate is
      necessary but insufficient, for resistance to S. typhimurium C5. Resistance
      requires the participation of other mechanisms, detectable by the end of the
      first week, which presumably involve an immune response. F1 hybrids bred from
      parents of low, intermediate and high natural resistance showed either high or
      low resistance. Most of the F1 hybrids were of a similar high resistance, and
      were bred from pairs in which at least one parent showed slow net growth rate.
      Hybrids of low resistance were only obtained when neither parent showed slow net
      growth rate. No hybrid was less resistant than the parents, many were more
      resistant. Backcross analysis on two hybrids challenged with S. typhimurium C5
      supports the hypothesis of complex genetic control of overall resistance but with
      single gene control of the early net growth rate of the organism. Similar
      experiments were performed using a much more virulent organism, S. enteritidis
      5694. All mouse strains were very susceptible (LD 50 less than ten organisms) to
      this strain given either i.v. or s.c. This organism produced an overwhelming
      infection which did not allow the cell-mediated immune response time to develop.
      This, however, did not interfere with the mechanism controlling early net growth
      rate, and genetic analysis using this organism gave similar results to those
      obtained with S. typhimurium C5. These results suggest that the mechanism
      regulating early net growth rate does not operate via the cell-mediated immune
      response, which develops later in the course of the infection.

PMID- 381180
TI  - The natural resistance of radiation chimeras to S. typhimurium C5.
AB  - Differences in the in vivo net growth rate of Salmonella typhimurium C5 during
      the first week of infection in different mouse strains are controlled by a single
      autosomal gene. In lethally irradiated mice repopulated with semi-allogeneic bone
      marrow, the early net growth rate shows the phenotype of the donor of the bone
      marrow cell and not the phenotype of the irradiated recipient. Thus, genetically
      controlled differences in in vivo bacterial net growth rate are a consequence of
      mechanisms operating in cells which have originated from bone marrow precursors.
      Natural resistance to S. typhimurium C5 requires, in addition to slow net growth
      rate, other mechanisms which come into operation at the end of the first week of
      the infection. These later acting processes are more complex and can not be
      transferred to susceptible mice using bone marrow cells alone.

PMID- 381181
TI  - Adult and pre-adult thymectomy of mice: contrasting effects on immune
      responsiveness, and on numbers of mitogen-responsive and Thy-1+ lymphocytes.
AB  - Peripheral lymphoid tissues of mice which have been thymectomized at 2 or 4 weeks
      of age, that is, before they achieve adult body weight, have been shown to be
      lacking in cells responsive to the T-cell mitogen, phytohaemagglutinin, when the
      animals became adult, and these mice have also been shown to have a deficient
      immune response against sheep erythrocytes. It is suggested these effects of pre
      adult thymectomy are consequent upon removal of the prime source of T cells prior
      to the animal having acquired complete T-cell populations of the adult. Spleens
      and lymph nodes of mice thymectomized at 8 weeks of age were found to have
      reduced numbers of cells susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of anti-Thy-1 serum
      as early as 4 weeks after the operation, whereas the number of lymphocytes
      responsive to T-cell mitogens in these lymphoid tissues was not reduced at this
      time. The number of spleen-borne antibody-producing cells in a primary or
      secondary response was not affected by 8-week thymectomy, either when the
      response was tested in the operated animal, or after transfer of cells from such
      an animal to an irradiated recipient. The results are discussed with respect to
      other work on the effects of thymectomy of mice during the post-neonatal and pre
      adult period.

PMID- 381182
TI  - Kinetics of phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by human
      granulocytes.
AB  - Although phagocytosis of micro-organisms by granulocytes is one of the most
      important defence mechanisms against infection, little is known about the
      kinetics of this process. The present study showed that the rate of ingestion of
      Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli depends on the concentrations of the
      granulocytes and bacteria. Phagocytosis of bacteria at a bacteria-to-cell ratio
      in the range between 100:1 and 1:10 showed an exponential course during the first
      30 min. At a bacteria-to-cell ratio of 1:1, application of a correction for the
      outgrowth of extracellular bacteria gave an exponential course of ingestion over
      the first 90-min period. Since it was found that the phagocytosis of bacteria by
      granulocytes at various bacteria-to-cell ratios can be described with Michaelis
      Menten kinetics, we studied the kinetics of phagocytosis on the basis of the
      initial rate for the first 30-min period. The rate of phagocytosis and the
      maximal degree of ingestion of bacteria by granulocytes proved to be related to
      the concentration of serum used in the assay. The minimal serum concentration
      required for maximal ingestion was 2.5% for Staphylococcus aureus and 5% for
      Escherichia coli. When bacteria were pre-opsonized, the duration of pre
      opsonization proved to be limiting for the rate of phagocytosis in dependence on
      the serum concentration. The effect of temperature on the phagocytosis of micro
      organisms proved to be two-fold. First, at temperatures between 4 and 33 degrees
      a decrease in the functioning of the cells leads to a decrease in the rate of
      phagocytosis. Above 42 degrees, the temperature affects mainly the opsonization
      of the micro-organisms and has only a slight influence on the ingestion process.
      From the data obtained in this study, maximal rates of 6.3 X 10(6) Staphylococcus
      aureus/5 X 10(6) granulocytes/min and of 7.1 X 10(6) Escherichia coli/5 X 10(6)
      granulocytes/min were calculated for phagocytosis at a bacteria-to-cell ratio of
      100:1 at 37 degrees, i.e. on average about one bacterium per granulocyte per min.
      The maximum calculated number of bacteria ingested by one granulocyte lies
      between 40 and 50.

PMID- 381183
TI  - Characterization of immunogenic properties of haptenated liposomal model
      membranes in mice. I. Thymus independence of the antigen.
AB  - This paper describes a rather simple coupling method for tripeptide enlarged
      haptens to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and the incorporation of these
      conjugates into liposomal model membranes (haptenated liposomes). These
      haptenated liposomes evoke a hapten-specific humoral immune response in mice. The
      magnitude of the response as measured by the appearance of direct plaque forming
      cells in the spleen is dependent on the route of immunization and the dose and
      epitope density of the hapten-PE derivatives. It was not possible to evoke an IgG
      response after either primary or secondary immunization with haptenated liposomes
      (as measured by the production of indirect plaques or mercaptoethanol-resistant
      antibody). These data, in addition to the observations that mice depleted of, or
      deficient in thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes respond to haptenated liposomes,
      indicate that these haptenated liposomes are T-cell independent antigens.

PMID- 381184
TI  - Biogenesis of mitochondria in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Part I--Nuclear
      control of mitochondria biogenesis.

PMID- 381186
TI  - UV-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Part II--UV-mutagenesis.

PMID- 381185
TI  - UV-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae : Part I--Isolation &
      characterization.

PMID- 381187
TI  - Evaluation of sputum smears prepared by different methods.

PMID- 381188
TI  - In vitro studies on biopsies from leprosy cases.

PMID- 381189
TI  - Beta-haemolytic streptococci group A in the skin and throat of patients of
      scabies with nephritis.

PMID- 381190
TI  - A note on in vivo chloroquine sensitivity tests in P. falciparum in some parts of
      Karnataka State.

PMID- 381191
TI  - Results of 5-day course of radical treatment of Plasmodium vivax in six districts
      of Tamil Nadu.

PMID- 381192
TI  - Alterations in some biochemical parameters in mouse liver and spleen during
      infection with Plasmodium berghei.

PMID- 381193
TI  - Tylophora indica in bronchial asthma--a double blind study.

PMID- 381195
TI  - Passive immune hemolysis for detection of heat-labile enterotoxin produced by
      Escherichia coli isolated from different sources.
AB  - Fifty-one strains of Escherichia coli isolated from humans, swine, food, and
      water and identified as enterotoxinogenic by the Y-1 adrenal cell assay, were
      examined for heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) production by the passive immune
      hemolysis test. Cholera antitoxin, anti-choleragenoid and anti-LT were used as
      antisera. Cholera antitoxin was much more potent than anti-choleragenoid and LT
      antiserum in the detection of LT-positive strains. All strains isolated from pigs
      and sausage were negative in tests made with LT antiserum. A few strains isolated
      from humans, food, and water also gave negative results. These data showed that
      the passive immune hemolysis test is not as efficient as the Y-1 adrenal cell
      assay in the detection of enterotoxinogenic E. coli strains.

PMID- 381194
TI  - Microtechnique for studies on the role of monocytes in the stimulation of
      lymphocytes.
AB  - A microtiter technique was used to measure lymphocyte stimulation by antigen
      pulsed monocytes. Monocytes from human blood were isolated on polyester film
      disks. The disks were exposed to antigen and incubated together with lymphocytes
      in the wells of a microtiter plate. The method was technically simple and
      required no expensive materials.

PMID- 381196
TI  - Enterotoxins, O-groups, and K88 antigen in Escherichia coli from neonatal piglets
      with and without diarrhea.
AB  - In a comparison between piglets (1-7 days old) with diarrhea and healthy piglets
      of the same age and 1 to 8 weeks old, 810 intestinal strains of Escherichia coli
      from 81 piglets from as many different herds in Sweden were investigated with
      regard to O-group, enterotoxicity, and possession of K88 antigen. A clear
      difference was found between the E. coli isolates from piglets with diarrhea and
      from representatives of healthy herds without diarrhea, with regard to (i) the
      homogeneity of strains in individual pigs and (ii) the distribution of O-groups,
      K88 antigen, and frequency of enterotoxicity. Strains from piglets with diarrhea
      showed a high frequency of O-group 149 (53%), enterotoxicity (61%), and K88
      antigen (56%), while not more than 3% of the strains from healthy piglets of the
      same age harbored any of these characteristics. Of the isolates in O-groups 8,
      64, and 115, 36% were enterotoxigenic. The corresponding data for O-group 149 and
      nontypable strains were 96 and 1%, respectively. Furthermore, K88 antigen was
      only found in O-groups 8 and 149. In O-group 149, 96% of the strains (n = 167)
      produced the K88 antigen as well as heat-labile enterotoxin. In contrast, strains
      producing heat-stable enterotoxin were mainly found in O-groups 8, 9, 64, 115,
      and 141. There was a significant difference in the frequencies of E. coli strains
      producing heat-labile enterotoxin between piglets with diarrhea and those
      without, whereas the pathogenic role of heat-stable enterotoxin-producing strains
      was less apparent.

PMID- 381197
TI  - Surface protein of a Streptococcus agalactiae isolate.
AB  - A Streptococcus agalactiae isolate of bovine origin was cultured in broth; log
      phase cells were washed and radioiodinated and subsequently extracted at low pH
      in the presence of a nonionic detergent. A protein antigen was purified from
      concentrated extract by ultracentrifugation, gel filtration, and ion-exchange
      chromatography. The molecular weight of the protein was estimated at 31,800. The
      agglutinogenic character of the protein indicated its localization at the cell
      surface.

PMID- 381198
TI  - Host defenses in murine malaria: analysis of the mechanisms of immunity to
      Plasmodium berghei generated in response to immunization with formalin-killed
      blood-stage parasites.
AB  - Syngeneic B6D2F1 (C57Bl/6 x DBA/2) mice were immunized with a nonliving antigen
      prepared from mixed blood forms of Plasmodium berghei strain NYU-2. Consistently
      greater than 80% of the vaccinated mice survived virulent challenge, and
      protective immunity was demonstrable from 1 week through at least 4 months after
      immunization. However, vaccination did not prevent the development of patient
      infection after challenge. Instead, infections in vaccinated mice progressed to
      about 10% parasitemia and were then subsequently cleared. In contrast, infections
      initiated in nonvaccinated mice progressed beyond 10% parasitemia and were
      uniformly fatal within 4 weeks. Sera collected from normal mice, nonvaccinated
      mice infected with P. berghei, or vaccinated mice before challenge failed to
      passively protect recipients against virulent infection. On the other hand, sera
      collected from vaccinated mice after recovery from a challenge infection
      conferred upon passively immunized recipients protection from homologous virulent
      challenge, which was manifest as a delay in the onset of overt infection. It was
      concluded, therefore, that vaccination altered the immunological potential of the
      host in such a way as to allow the production of a protective humoral factor,
      probably specific antibody, in response to infection with the virulent parasites.

PMID- 381199
TI  - Unique lipid composition of Treponema pallidum (Nichols virulent strain).
AB  - The lipid composition of Treponema pallidum (Nichols virulent strain) was
      determined after purification of the organisms from the infected testes of
      corticosteroid-treated rabbits by differential centrifugation, filtration through
      Nuclepore membranes, and sedimentation in Hypaque density gradients. The total
      lipids were comprised of 32.2% neutral lipids, mainly cholesterol, and 67.8%
      phospholipids consisting of phosphatidylcholine (32.1%), sphingomyelin (14.8%),
      cardiolipin (13.0%), phosphatidylethanolamine (6.2%), phosphatidylinositol-serine
      (1.2%), and lysophosphatidylcholine (0.4%). Monoglycosyldiglyceride, a glycolipid
      comprising 25 to 50% of thetotal lipid of all Treponema previously examined, was
      not detected. The fatty acid composition was similar but quntitatively distinct
      from that of the infected testes tissue.

PMID- 381200
TI  - Heat-labile enterotoxin production in isolates from a shipboard outbreak of human
      diarrheal illness.
AB  - As reported elsewhere, an enterotoxigenic strain of Escherichia coli serotype
      O25:K98:NM was epidemiologically incriminated as the etiological agent in a
      shipboard outbreak of diarrheal illness. This enterotoxigenic E. coli strain and
      possibly other enteric isolates were found to produce heat-labile toxin and not
      heat-stable toxin. Since previous genetic analyses of enterotoxigenic E. coli
      strains producing heat-labile and heat-stable toxins have shown a plasmid
      location for both toxin determinants and since in this outbreak more than one
      bacterial strain appeared to produce only heat-labile toxin, the possibility of
      an extrachromosomal heat-labile toxin determinant was investigated. Results of
      endonuclease cleavage and hybridization experiments, as well as apparent heat
      labile toxin phenotypic instability, strongly suggest a plasmid mediation of
      toxin production. Additionally, the stability of this heat-labile toxin
      production was evaluated after several traditional methods of bacterial cell
      preservation.

PMID- 381201
TI  - Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and passive hemagglutination
      method for quantification of antibodies to lipopolysaccharide and tetanus toxoid
      in rats.
AB  - In a comparative study, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using peroxidase
      labeled anti-rat immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G, and the passive
      hemagglutination test were applied to determine the primary and secondary
      antibody response to lipopolysaccharide and tetanus toxoid in rats. In the enzyme
      linked immunosorbent assay, the antigens were bound to the wells of polystyrene
      microplates, tetanus toxoid directly, and lipopolysaccharide after complexing it
      with methylated bovine serum albumin. After incubation with dilutions of the rat
      sera, the amount of antibody bound to the solid phase was quantified by means of
      peroxidase-labeled anti-immunoglobulin. The specificity of the enzyme immunoassay
      was tested by absorption of the sera with their respective antigens. The enzyme
      linked immunosorbent assay proved to be more sensitive than the hemagglutination
      reaction, except when titers were determined during the secondary response to
      tetanus toxoid. Besides its specificity and sensitivity, the enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay is a convenient method for measuring both immunoglobulin M
      and immunoglobulin G antibodies. At low serum dilutions of lipopolysaccharide
      antisera, inhibition of the reaction in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
      occurred. This phenomenon could be prevented by heating the sera at 56 degrees C
      for 30 min. Lipopolysaccharide was immunogenic in rats over an extremely wide
      dose range (from 10 pg to 1 mg); the optimal immunogenic dose of
      lipopolysaccharide for young adult rats was 0.1 to 1,000 mug when administered
      intravenously, and that of tetanus toxoid was 5 to 10 lines of flocculation, as
      determined by the Ramon flocculation test.

PMID- 381203
TI  - Immunotherapy of guinea pig line 10 hepatoma with nonliving BCG cells in aqueous
      medium.
AB  - Killed BCG cells suspended in 1.5% carboxymethylcellulose cured guinea pigs with
      established line 10 tumors in a high percentage of cases. The bacterial
      preparation of BCG in carboxymethylcellulose displayed a stronger tumor
      regressive activity and the process of healing was accelerated when endotoxin
      from a rough (Re) strain of Salmonella typhimurium was added to the BCG bacilli.

PMID- 381202
TI  - Identification of protective cell surface proteins in ribosomal fractions from
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Cell surface antigen preparations from Salmonella typhimurium SR-11 prepared by
      either trichloroacetic acid extraction or boiling in sodium dodecyl sulfate were
      able to protect C3H/HeJ, C3H/HeDub, and A/J mice. Some of the proteins found in
      these preparations were shown to exist in the protective ribosomal fraction
      isolated from S. typhimurium SR-11. Passage of ribosomes isolated from S.
      typhimurium SR-11 and 6707 through a Sepharose 2B column removed the protective
      immunogen from 6707 ribosomes but did not completely remove it from SR-11
      ribosomes. Immunity to salmonella infection in C3H/HeJ mice induced by ribosomal
      vaccines may be dependent on the presence of cell surface proteins in the
      ribosomal fraction.

PMID- 381204
TI  - Shigella infection of Henle intestinal epithelial cells: role of the bacterium.
AB  - Epithelial cell infection by Shigella flexneri 2a was studied in an in vitro
      model system. Using the Henle 407 human intestinal epithelial cell line as host
      cells, a standardized experimental protocol which allowed quantitative
      measurement of infection was developed. Intravellular residence of infecting
      organisms was confirmed by indirect fluorescent-antibody staining of unfixed and
      methanol-fixed (Henle 407) cells and by quantitative bacteriological culture of
      disrupted host cells after infection. The process of shigella entry into cells
      was evaluated by chemical or physical modulation of the bacterium under
      controlled experimental conditions. Shigella were subjected to mild heat,
      ultraviolet radiation aminoglycoside antibiotics, and immunoglobulins raised
      against S. flexneri 2a. The data show that heat-stable antigens on the bacterial
      surface are not solely responsible for infectivity of S. flexneri 2a.
      Furthermore, it was shown that physiological and synthetic functions of shigellae
      are required for entry into host cells.

PMID- 381205
TI  - B lymphocyte colony formation in renal infection.
AB  - The effect of renal infection on B lymphocyte colony formation has been
      investigated in the belief that a study of the effect of infection on
      subpopulations of lymphoid cells might provide direct evidence of the effect of
      infection on the immmune system. Renal infection was induced in mice, and the
      specific immune response of the B lymphocyte compartment was quantitated by
      determining the serum antibody and plaque-forming cell response to infection.
      Under the conditions of the experiment, the ability of splenic lymphocytes to
      form B lymphocyte colonies was significantly depressed during the first 7 days of
      infection, and the results suggest that a study of the responses of lymphoid
      cells to infection may provide information of diagnostic and prognostic value.

PMID- 381206
TI  - Chlorpromazine reverses diarrhea in piglets caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - The effect of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic
      Escherichia coli was tested in piglets since CPZ has been shown to be a potent
      antagonist to enterotoxins in vitro in a cell system and in vivo in a mouse
      model. Experimental diarrhea was induced in three litters of newborn piglets
      which were infected by mouth with 2 x 10(9)E. coli bacteria, which produce heat
      labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins. Treatment with CPZ given
      intramuscularly 1 h after the onset of diarrhea reversed fluid secretion in small
      intestine as well as dehydration, as judged by clinical criteria. A dose of 5 mg
      of CPZ per kg of body weight completely normalized the intestinal-fluid content
      measured 4 h after diarrhea developed, whereas 1 to 2 mg of CPZ per kg of body
      weight was somewhat less effective but still caused significant reduction of
      fluid (P < 0.001). Studies with radioactive [(35)S]CPZ showed preferential and
      dose-dependent uptake of (35)S in the intestinal mucosa, the radioactivity being
      evenly distributed in the membranes of both crypt and villus cells. The enzyme
      adenylate cyclase, which probably mediates the cellular effects of LT, was shown
      to have two- to threefold higher activity in the infected than in the uninfected
      animals. This activation was reduced about 50% by the CPZ treatment (2 mg/kg of
      body weight). In a preliminary field trial the effect of CPZ was tested in a
      spontaneous outbreak of diarrhea in piglets due to enterotoxinogenic E. coli. The
      animals were treated either with oral electrolyte solution and standard
      antimicrobial agents only (controls) or with 1 mg of CPZ per kg of body weight
      intramuscularly in addition to this treatment. The mean duration of diarrhea in
      CPZ-treated animals was significantly shorter, 4.1 h (n = 23), than that in
      controls, 7.2 h (P < 0.05).

PMID- 381207
TI  - Phagocytosis and intracellular killing of pathogenic yeasts by human monocytes
      and neutrophils.
AB  - The kinetics of phagocytosis and killing of four fungal forms with varying
      virulence by two types of phagocytic cells was examined. Human monocytes ingested
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida tropicalis, and the blastospores of Candida
      albicans more rapidly than did human neutrophils. There was no difference in the
      rate of phagocytosis of C. albicans pseudohyphae by these two cell types.
      Intracellular killing of each of the four fungal forms was consistently and
      significantly more rapid by monocytes than by neutrophils. Neutrophils were
      unable to destroy ingested C. albicans pseudohyphae. These experiments suggest
      that the monocyte plays an important role in host defenses against fungal
      diseases and that the relative virulence of the pathogenic yeasts in human
      disease may be related to the ability of these organisms to survival after being
      ingested by circulating phagocytes.

PMID- 381208
TI  - Evidence for two heat-stable enterotoxins produced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Heat-stable enterotoxins from a bovine and porcine strain of Escherichia coli
      were isolated and showed significant differences in amino acid composition and
      heat stability.

PMID- 381209
TI  - Notes for a radical gerontology.
AB  - The predominant theoretical perspectives in social gerontology reflect a
      normative bias toward adjustment of aging individuals to the society. This bias
      is reinforced through the methodological predelictions of most gerontologists. We
      outline the premises of a radical scholarship for gerontology which would provide
      an alternative, illustrating from selected works. A radical scholorship in
      gerontology would avoid the individualistic and adjustment biases, and would
      recognize that life in society is characterized by conflict, negotiation and
      compromise over politico-economic and other interests. Methodologically, it would
      seek to explicate the interests and aspirations of the aged in their own terms,
      and as relevant in the socio-historical context.

PMID- 381210
TI  - Individual psychotherapy with the aged: a selective review.
AB  - While elderly individuals are still markedly underrepresented in facilities
      providing outpatient psychological services, clinical interest in individual
      psychotherapeutic intervention with the aged mentally ill has gradually risen
      during the past several decades. A broad review of the literature suggests that
      published descriptions of such interventions have generally been global and vague
      and that research reports, while collectively pointing to the feasibility of
      individual psychotherapy, have been infrequent and methodologically weak. In view
      of the rising numbers of elderly persons potentially requiring psychological
      services and a probable decrease in the mutual avoidance of therapists and the
      aged, the need for further theoretical development and empirical research is
      indicated.

PMID- 381211
TI  - Psychotherapy and behavior change with the non-institutionalized aged.
AB  - This literature review discusses therapy with the aged person in the community.
      The discussion is based on the literature published since Rechtschaffen's review
      in 1959 [1]. The elderly are not receiving mental health services in proportion
      to their representation in the population or in proportion to their estimated
      need for such services. Major barriers to the utilization of such services by the
      aged are the prejudices of care providers, the poverty of the aged, and the lack
      of public commitment to the provision of services to this special population. A
      summary of the literature on the goals, content, and techniques of psychotherapy
      with the elderly client is presented and supports the conclusion that this
      therapy is different from similar work with the younger adult only in terms of a
      focus on different content areas. The potential contribution of behavior therapy
      to treatment programs for the elderly is discussed.

PMID- 381213
TI  - The IAEA/WHO network of secondary standard dosimetry laboratories and its
      function within the metrology system.

PMID- 381212
TI  - Why so little interest in whether or not old people talk: a review of recent
      research on verbal communication among the elderly.
AB  - This paper is concerned with the spoken communication of chronically ill and
      aging residents of long term care institutions. Social gerontologists and speech
      pathologists have investigated areas related to spoken communication, however,
      there has been almost no investigation of communication from the patients' and
      staff perspective. Spoken communication is a vital component of social
      interaction and psychological well being and underlies such concepts as
      isolation, integration, and adjustment, and is a fertile area for investigation
      and analysis.

PMID- 381214
TI  - New hope for balloon-dependent patients.

PMID- 381215
TI  - The removal of 14C labeled endotoxin by activated charcoal.
AB  - Endotoxin shock due to Gram-negative enteric bacteria is of major medical concern
      with an estimated 100,000 fatalities in the United States per year. An effective
      therapy for endotoxin shock, particularly in combination with significant liver
      damage, has not been available to date. Since activated charcoal is known as a
      universal sorbent, the use of activated charcoal in a hemoperfusion apparatus to
      remove endotoxin has interesting possibilities. Current assays for endotoxin are
      inadequate. The Limulus Amoebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay was found to give
      nonreproducible results within our range of requirements for accuracy. We,
      therefore, grew Salmonella typhimurium in 14C-labeled glucose to obtain 14C
      labeled endotoxin. Radiolabeled endotoxin was used to measure the rate of
      adsorption on activated charcoal. The rates of removal of endotoxin from normal
      saline, plasma, and whole blood will be presented in graphical form for use in
      design calculations. This work provides a foundation for encouraging in vivo
      hemoperfusion experimentation now underway at the University of Oklahoma and the
      Veteran's Administration Hospital in Oklahoma City.

PMID- 381216
TI  - Solvent abuse: a review.
AB  - The literature on solvent abuse is reviewed. Methods of use, symptoms of use, and
      effects of long-term solvent abuse are discussed. Several surveys on solvent use
      are summarized. The highest prevalence of solvent abuse seems to occur in native
      peoples undergoing periods of cultural change. Environmental conditions which are
      postulated as leading to psychological vulnerability and solvent abuse include:
      low social assets, parental drug use, peer and sibling influence, and
      acculturative stress. Solvent abuse seems to provide a pharmacological way out of
      a stressful environment for people who feel helpless to improve their situation
      in other ways. Methods of intervention that have been proposed for dealing with
      solvent abuse are discussed. Methods of intervention thus far employed generally
      have not been evaluated in any systematic fashion. Suggestions for future
      research are provided.

PMID- 381217
TI  - Gambling, risk taking, play, personality, and motivation: a bibliography. Part 1.

PMID- 381218
TI  - Bibliography of the solvent abuse literature.

PMID- 381219
TI  - Evolution of the polychemiotherapeutic approach in the treatment of tuberculosis.

PMID- 381220
TI  - Comparative investigations on pirbuterol, salbutamol and placebo aerosols in
      bronchial asthma.
AB  - In a single blind crossover study 12 asthmatics received in randomised order
      single doses of pirbuterol (200 and 400 microgram), salbutamol (200 microgram)
      and placebo-aerosols, in order to determine the extent and duration of
      bronchodilator activity, the optimum dosage, the incidence, type and degree of
      side effects and the cardiovascular as well as hematologic, renal and hepatic
      functions after inhalative administration. All patients were checked by repeated
      pulmonary function studies, ECG and extensive laboratory tests. No significant
      differences were found between salbutamol 200 microgram and pirbuterol 400
      microgram when lung functions were studied over 4 hr following inhalation.
      Pirbuterol 400 microgram and salbutamol 200 microgram were significantly better
      than pirbuterol 200 microgram. There were no side effects or changes of clinical
      relevance in pulse rate, blood pressure, ECG or laboratory test results.
      Pirbuterol is a well tolerated bronchodilator which appears to be of clinical
      importance in inhalative treatment of bronchospastic disease.

PMID- 381221
TI  - Effects of tolmetin, paracetamol, and of two combinations of tolmetin and
      paracetamol as compared to placebo on experimentally induced pain. A double blind
      study.
AB  - Previous studies in animals suggested that a coadministration of the anti
      rheumatic/anti-inflammatory agent tolmetin (Tolectin) and of paracetamol
      potentiates the effects of these two drugs. The present study was carried out to
      assess whether or not the dosis of tolmetin necessary to obtain an analgesic
      effect can be reduced when paracetamol is coadministered in a model with
      experimentally induced pain in healthy human subjects. The effects of tolmetin
      200 mg (T 200), paracetamol 400 mg (P 400), tolmetin 150 mg plus paracetamol 300
      mg (T 150 + P 300), and of tolmetin 100 mg plus paracetamol 400 mg (T 100 + P
      400) on pain threshold to electrical and thermal stimuli and on pain tolerance to
      electrical stimuli were compared to the effects of placebo under double blind
      conditions. Each of 20 healthy volunteers received all of the 5 treatments
      randomised according to four 5 X 5 Latin squares. The results showed that the
      combination T 100 + P 400 had better analgesic effects than the double dose of
      tolmetin, T 200, alone, while the effects of P 400 could not be discrminated from
      placebo. In a sequential t-test the effects of T 100 + P 400 could be
      discriminated from placebo already after 14 Ss. The effects of T 200, T 150 + P
      300, and T 100 + P 400 respectively could not be differentiated, indicating that
      the dose of tolmetin can be reduced markedly by simultaneous administration of
      paracetamol without a loss in analgesic potency. Coadministration of tolmetin and
      paracetamol permits a marked reduction of the dose of tolmetin without any loss
      of analgesic potency as measured in a model with experimentally induced pain in
      healthy subjects.

PMID- 381222
TI  - Human epidermal embryogenesis.

PMID- 381223
TI  - Therapy of herpes simplex infection.

PMID- 381224
TI  - Cutaneous leishmaniasis.

PMID- 381225
TI  - Tears. The disquisition of Hieronymus Mercurialis of Padua--1572.

PMID- 381226
TI  - Effect of metronidazole on the split-dose recovery of yeast.

PMID- 381227
TI  - Inactivation of bacteriophage lambda by combined X-ray and U.V.-light exposure.
AB  - Extracellular phage lambda has been successively exposed to X-rays and U.V.
      light. The plaque-forming ability of the irradiated phages was determined on host
      cells with different repair capacities. No change in sensitivity was found with a
      pre-treatment of one type of radiation to lethal damage inflicted by the other.
      This indicates that a prerequisite for an interaction of different types of
      radiation is either an active metabolism or repair process occurring during the
      two radiation exposures.

PMID- 381228
TI  - Photoreactivation of ionizing-radiation-induced damage in E. coli. Influence of
      chemical and physical factors.

PMID- 381229
TI  - The effect of large doses of vitamin C on leukocyte function and some laboratory
      parameters.
AB  - Consumption of large doses of vitamin C has been ascribed several beneficial
      effects e.g. on serum cholesterol, haemoglobin synthesis, leucocyte function.
      Other authors have warned against large doses which could cause renal stones,
      disturbed vitamin C metabolism, a diabetogenic effect. To test certain statements
      24 healthy women received either placebo, 1000 mg or 4000 mg ascorbic acid daily
      in a double blind study. Blood was drawn at regular intervals. Those women who
      received large doses of vitamin C increased their serum levels of vitamin C,
      during the medication, but otherwise we found no differences neither in leucocyte
      levels of vitamin C, leucocyte function nor other laboratory parameters between
      women who received placebo or large doses of ascorbic acid.

PMID- 381230
TI  - Nutrition and the immune response -- a review.
AB  - This compacted overview of the nutrition-immune response connection underscores
      the role of nutrition as a deterrent to infection. Malnutrition enhances the
      propensity to and heightens the intensity of infections by weaknening the various
      host defense mechanisms. Thus: 1. Deficiencies of vitamin A, niacin, riboflavin,
      folic acid, vitamin B12, pyridoxine, ascorbic acid, iron and protein disrupt the
      tissue barriers to infection. 2. Protein-calorie, folate, iron, pyridoxine and
      zinc deprivations markedly depress the cell-mediated immune system. 3.
      Deficiencies of protein, pyridoxine, folic acid, pantothenic acid, thiamine,
      biotin, riboflavin, niacin-tryptophan, vitamin A and ascorbic acid inhibit
      humoral antibody formation in mammalian systems. 4. Vitamin A lack prevents the
      formation of lacrimal, salivary and sweat gland lysozymes. 5. Complement,
      properdin, interferon and transferrin concentrations are reduced in those
      nutritional deficiencies that interfere with protein synthesis. 6. Protein
      calorie, iron and folate deficiencies impair phagocytosis by interfering with
      phagocyte microbial killing power or with phagocyte production. 7. Protein,
      ascorbic acid and zinc deficiencies retard wound healing that prevents spread of
      infectious lesions.

PMID- 381231
TI  - H. S. Sullivan and the phenomenology of human cognition.
AB  - It is the purpose of this article to offer additional clarification of H. S.
      Sullivan's three-way division of cognitive experience. The investigation involves
      an analysis of C. S. Peirce's phenomenological categories of experience and their
      three Sullivanian parallels, i.e., prototaxis, parataxis, and syntaxis. It will
      be argued that the utilisation of these categories will provide psychiatrists
      with the following:(1) a set of non-psychiatric criteria for clarifying the
      underlying principles of psychiatric claims, (2) a broader base for analysing the
      nature of interpersonal relations, and (3) an additional means of preserving the
      self-correcting character of inter-personal psychiatry as a theory.

PMID- 381233
TI  - Daily bacteriological examination of urine during antimicrobial treatment of
      urinary tract infections.
AB  - Bacteriologic examinations of urine were performed daily in 85 patients admitted
      for chronic recurrent urinary tract infections and treated with antibacterial
      drugs. The results have shown that the effect of therapy can be evaluated fairly
      accurately on the basis of bacteriological findings in urine within the first
      four days of treatment. When sterility was achieved as early as after one or two
      days of therapy, the urine remained sterile in more than 90% of the patients
      throughout the first post-treatment week; in more than 80% therapy had a long
      term effect. A slowly subsiding urinary tract infection or reduced urinary
      bacterial count indicates that therapy will be ineffective.

PMID- 381232
TI  - Experience of complete duplication of the collecting system: retrospective
      analysis of 23 cases with particular emphasis on the type of ureteral hiatus and
      its implication in the management of duplex.
AB  - Twenty-three cases of complete duplication of the collecting system are reviewed.
      The type of ureteral hiatus was retrospectively studied to assess its relation to
      various abnormalities of the duplex system. It was stressed that the hiatal
      concept is quite important in understanding the multifarious problems of the
      pathophysiology of ureteral dilation, surgical management and faulty
      embryogenesis of the kidney and ureterovesical junction of the duplex system.

PMID- 381235
TI  - The aminogram of the urine produced by the preserved kidney.
AB  - The function of autogenous canine kidneys may be considered even after successful
      preservation and reperfusion to be pathological for about 3 to 4 days, since a
      condition characterized by proteinuria and increased amino aciduria exists for a
      while.

PMID- 381234
TI  - Reversible acute tubular necrosis following severe acute renal rejection.
AB  - The clinical observation of 6 out of 250 renal transplant patients showed that
      acute renal rejection may lead to reversible acute tubular necrosis (ATN)
      necessitating intermittent haemodialysis treatment. Despite missing early
      response to high-dose (methyl-) prednisolone therapy (during a mean period of 4.7
      days) all 6 patients developed spontaneous diuresis 14.5 days on average after
      onset of rejection while on maintenance immunosuppressive therapy. From the
      clinical course the conclusion was drawn that in severe cases of renal rejection
      with arteriographic and histological findings consistent with acute tubular
      necrosis, prolonged therapy with high doses of (methyl-) prednisolone is not
      desirable, since after reversal of immunological rejection the onset of
      spontaneous diuresis will be determined mainly by the duration of the healing and
      recovery phase of acute tubular necrosis.

PMID- 381236
TI  - Gamma camera scintigraphy in the diagnosis of lymphocele following renal
      transplantation.
AB  - The symptoms and diagnosis of perirenal lymphocele following kidney
      transplantation are discussed. A case demonstrated by means of i.v. urography and
      gamma camera scintigraphy is reported. The value of the last mentioned method is
      stressed.

PMID- 381237
TI  - Acute glomerulonephritis with bacteriuria: a probable etiologic relationship.
AB  - Twenty-one cases of acute glomerulonephritis in children with no previous history
      of renal disease were studied. Urinary infection with a rising titre of serum
      agglutinins against the organisms isolated from urine was found in 5 cases. No
      evidence of previous streptococcal infection was found in these cases. In the
      meantime all 8 cases with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis remained without
      bacteriuria. In one case acute glomerulonephritis followed virus hepatitis, and
      in the remaining 7 cases the cause of glomerulonephritis was unknown. It is
      suggested that in predisposed patients the bacteria present in urinary infections
      might act as antigens starting immunologic reactions in the glomeruli, leading to
      glomerulonephritis. The final proof of this theory awaits immunofluorescence
      identification of these antigens in the glomeruli.

PMID- 381238
TI  - Salivary secretion of inorganic electrolytes.

PMID- 381239
TI  - Gastrointestinal motility.

PMID- 381240
TI  - Intestinal absorption of carbohydrate and protein in man.

PMID- 381241
TI  - Functions of the large intestine.

PMID- 381242
TI  - Gastrointestinal hormones.

PMID- 381243
TI  - The gut as an immunological system.

PMID- 381244
TI  - Vagal control of gastric secretion.

PMID- 381245
TI  - Contrast media in coronary arteriography: a review.
AB  - Much knowledge of coronary artery disease and much of the progress in surgical
      treatment of coronary artery disease has been directly dependent upon the safety
      with which coronary arteriography has been performed. This safety depends upon
      the ease of placing the contrast media in the arteries and on the toxicity of the
      contrast medium itself. This review deals with contrast media toxicity in
      coronary arteriography, as distinct from toxicity in angiocardiography and other
      angiography.

PMID- 381246
TI  - Automated diagnosis in radiology.

PMID- 381247
TI  - Ludwik Rydygier (1850--1920).

PMID- 381248
TI  - Lower urinary tract antibacterial defense mechanisms.

PMID- 381249
TI  - The origins of modern orthopaedics.
AB  - The modern cult of "selfwareness", today so fashionable among young people, calls
      on past experiences to interpret modern attitudes and reactions; and gives a new
      credibility to the old Latin dictum "Historia, magistra vitae". It involves all
      aspects of human enterprise, not least the professional aspect, which undoubtedly
      gains by taking account of the contributions of previous generations. Orthopaedic
      surgery is no exception, and those of us who would aspire to a fuller
      understanding of our specialty will find benefit in retracting its history over
      at least the last 250 years. In taking such a backward glance, the writer tried
      to seek out those events and those men whose contributions have stood the test of
      time and earned them the recognition and prestige in which they are still held
      today.

PMID- 381250
TI  - Bone grafting in the reconstruction of the phalanges of the hand.
AB  - In severe traumatic lesions of the fingers with loss of bone in the phalanges it
      is possible to avoid amputation and restore a useful finger, using skin
      replacement followed by bone grafting and, where necessary, tendon and nerve
      grafting. The technique of bone grafting in the phalanges is described. This is
      the most important step in restoring the length and stability of the digital ray.

PMID- 381251
TI  - Camptomelic syndrome. A rare type of congenital dwarfism associated with skeletal
      and other abnormalities.
AB  - Three cases of the rare camptomelic syndrome are presented observed within
      fourteen months at the Mangiagalli University Clinic, Milan. The radiographic
      appearances and clinical characteristics are described, and compared with the
      thirty five cases in the literature. The differential diagnosis is discussed and
      the possibility of diagnosing this malformation prenatally is suggested.

PMID- 381252
TI  - Temperature biofeedback treatment for migraine headache: a controlled multiple
      baseline study.

PMID- 381253
TI  - Hospital case mix and average charge per case: an initial study.
AB  - The use of case mix to explain hospital costs has been refined in previous
      research on the cost of hospital-based health care. This study demonstrates the
      significance of hospital case mix in explaining charges for health care
      treatment. By assuming that the variables which influence cost should also
      influence charges, an evaluative function is added to the basic investigative
      analysis potential of the hospital production process model. The relationship
      between case mix and charges is found to be weaker than the relationship between
      case mix and costs. This difference is qualified by methodological variation and
      possibly explained by cross-subsidization of patient services and lack of
      adequate controls on charge determination. Further, the relationship between case
      mix and charges is found to differ between Medicare and Blue Cross patients. This
      evidence suggests that hospital accounting may not be recovering costs evenly and
      equitably from clients.

PMID- 381254
TI  - [Acute and chronic experimental posttraumatic osteomyelitis in guinea pigs].
AB  - The model of an experimental posttraumatic osteomyelitis is described. Acute and
      chronic osteomyelitis was produced by inoculation of 10(5) Staph. aureus or E.
      coli to fractured femora--stabilised or not--with intramedullar nailing. The
      results are discussed. The model seems to be useful to further studies on
      posttraumatic osteomyelitis.

PMID- 381256
TI  - Almost persuaded. American physicians and compulsory health insurance, 1912-1920.

PMID- 381255
TI  - [Recipient conditioning with beagle plasma and beagle liver: prolongation of
      kidney-graft function without preoperative lymphocytotoxic antibody formation].
AB  - Donorspecific recipient conditioning in the non-related beagle produces prolonged
      kidney-graft survival without any postoperative immunosuppression. Besides 2
      donor blood injections on days--18 and--11 followed by a 6-day preoperative
      immunosuppressive pulse (Procarbazine, ATS) donor plasma and a donor liver
      preparation are equally active. Additional long-term low dose preoperative
      immunosuppression with azathioprine tends to strengthen the effect.
      Lymphocytotoxic antibody formation is avoided in the recipient where no whole
      blood is used.

PMID- 381258
TI  - Endocrinopathies and the heart.

PMID- 381257
TI  - Hemodynamic monitoring in acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 381259
TI  - Cardiovascular manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis.

PMID- 381261
TI  - Indicator dilution measurement of 5-hydroxytryptamine clearance by human lung.
AB  - A double indicator dilution method to measure 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)
      clearance by lungs of anesthetized patients is described. Immediately after a
      bolus injection of [3H]dextran and [14C]5-HT into the right atrial port of a Swan
      Ganz catheter, blood from the radial artery is fractionated and the tritium and
      carbon-14 of each fraction is measured. The difference between the normalized
      curves of dextran and 5-HT vs. time reflect the extent to which 5-HT is extracted
      by the lung. This method gave a mean value of 61 +/- 3% (n = 10) for extraction
      of 5-HT, compared to 59 +/- 4% measured simultaneously by means of the pulmonary
      artery-left atrial gradient of 5-HT. Variations among three successive
      determinations in each patient made postoperatively were not statistically
      significant. This technique is applicable whenever Swan-Ganz and radial or
      brachial artery catheters are placed for routine clinical management and,
      therefore, may have wide application for measurement of pulmonary amine (or
      kinin) extraction in conscious human subjects or experimental animals. Because
      pulmonay clearance may be compromised by endothelial damage, 5-HT extraction
      measured in this manner could reflect early damage to human pulmonary endothelium
      -perhaps before clinical evidence of damage, such as interstitial edema and
      respiratory distress, is evident.

PMID- 381260
TI  - The surgical treatment of angina pectoris.

PMID- 381262
TI  - Breathing responses of unanesthetized man and guinea pigs to increased
      transrespiratory pressure.
AB  - We compared the breathing responses of unanesthetized men and guinea pigs to
      externally imposed shifts in lung volume produced by steady pressures applied to
      the body surface while the mouth remained near atmospheric pressure. Lung
      inflation caused no consistent or significant changes either in frequency or end
      tidal CO2 in the three men. In contrast, during lung inflation the guinea pigs
      breathed at low frequencies and smaller tidal volumes and showed consistent
      increases in arterial PCO2 lasting up to 10 min. The changes seen immediately on
      application of pressure, namely apneic periods followed by breathing in which
      inspiratory duration was shortened while expiratory duration was substantially
      increased, indicates that conscious guinea pigs have active inflation reflexes.
      We concluded that the reflex responses rather than mechanical factors probably
      account for the underventilation in the guinea pigs and that guinea pigs are not
      nearly as well equipped as is man to defend gas exchange in the face of
      nonmetabolic shifts in lung volume.

PMID- 381263
TI  - Liver blood flow and oxygen consumption during hypocapnia and IPPV in the
      greyhound.
AB  - Pentobarbital-anesthetized greyhounds were passively hyperventilated using
      intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPV) and the effects of raised airway
      pressure, accompanied by hypocapnia and then by normocapnia, on liver blood flow
      and oxygen consumption were studied. Electromagnetic flowmeters were used to
      measure hepatic arterial, portal venous, and splenic venous blood flow. Studies
      were carried out at three levels of raised airway pressure, both at normocapnia
      and hypocapnia. It was found that hypocapnic hyperventilation produced a decrease
      in portal venous and hepatic arterial blood flow. Normocapnic hyperventilation
      resulted in a restoration of portal venous blood flow but with a further decrease
      in hepatic arterial blood flow. A decrease in oxygen consumption with hypocapnia,
      returning to control values with normocapnia, was seen. It is suggested that the
      reduction in liver blood flow and oxygen consumption seen with passive
      hyperventilation is chiefly an effect of hypocapnia and is largely reversed by
      restoration of normocapnia.

PMID- 381264
TI  - A kinetic model of prostaglandin metabolism in the lung.
AB  - We have measured the instantaneous extraction of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) after a
      single bolus injection of PGE1 and indocyanine green dye into the pulmonary
      artery of isolated cat lungs. The extraction ratio versus time curves exhibited a
      characteristic shape; at early times they  were concave upward and later in time
      concave downward. To evaluate this date we utilized a model in which themechanism
      of PGE1 uptake is saturable and follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The model
      assumes heterogeneous perfusion of the exchanging region of the lung and can be
      solved by regression analysis to obtain Km and Vmax from the data collected from
      a single bolus injection. The results indicate that the shape of the extraction
      ratio curve manifests the influence of nonlinear uptake and heterogeneous
      perfusion and that the kinetic parameters may be calculated from the data
      obtained after a single bolus injection ofPGE1.

PMID- 381265
TI  - Size of the pool of alveolar neutrophils in normal rabbit lungs.
AB  - Morphometric methods and two unique characteristics of neutrophils enabled us to
      measure the size of the pool of neutrophils in alveoli of rabbit lungs. Rabbit
      lungs contained an estimated 6.11 x 10(4) alveolar neutrophils/g wet wt of lungs,
      and 9.57 x 10(5) alveolar neutrophils/rabbit. Lung lavage was successful in
      removing an average of 42.2% of the neutrophils in the air containing spaces of
      the lungs. An average of 2.5 +/- 3.5 (SD)% of the cells in the lung washes were
      neutrophils, but an average of 10.23 +/- 5.0 (SD)% of the cells that were free in
      the alveolus were neutrophils. Studies of the interaction of alveolar macrophages
      and neutrophils in vitro showed that neither cell phagocytoses or destroys the
      other in significant quantities; however, alveolar macrophages containing
      neutrophils have been observed.

PMID- 381267
TI  - Geriatric prosthodontics.

PMID- 381266
TI  - Cardiovascular effects of positive-pressure ventilation in normal subjects.
AB  - In normal subjects during 15-min positive-pressure ventilation with 10 cmH2O end
      expiratory pressure (PEEP), cardiac output fell 19% due to a fall in stroke
      volume. Transmural mean right atrial pressure rose 3.1 cmH2O and right
      ventricular end-diastolic diameter increased 15%. Simultaneously, left
      ventricular end-diastolic diameter decreased 21%, ejection time increased 11%,
      and velocity of circumferential fiber shortening fell 30%. Thus, right
      ventricular filling increased and left ventricular filling decreased. The
      function of the right ventricle was impaired and the function of the left
      ventricle may have been impaired. Cardiac output gradually increased due to a 7%
      increase in heart rate as PEEP was continued for 1 h and transmural mean right
      atrial pressure also increased further by 2.4 cmH2O. Compensation for the reduced
      stroke volume occurred as filling pressures and heart rate rose, but ventricular
      function remained impaired for the entire duration of PEEP. On resuming
      spontaneous breathing, cardiac output and ventricular function returned to base
      line levels. We conclude that the reduced cardiac output during PEEP is not due
      to a direct mechanical reduction in right ventricular filling.

PMID- 381268
TI  - Palatal process movement in the rat as demonstrated in frozen sections.
AB  - During mammalian secondary palate development, movement of the lateral palatine
      processes from the vertical plane to the horizontal plane involves a complex
      interaction of the palatine processes and the tongue within a dynamic growing
      oronasal cavity environment. This study of pre-fixation facial profile
      photographs and frozen sections was undertaken to evaluate external and internal
      changes in the oronasal complex during secondary palate elevation without the
      shrinkage known to be present with routinhistological preparation of embryonic
      tissues. Frozen sections of Sprague-Dawley rat embryos between 15 and 17 days of
      (conceptual) age were prepared by hexane quenching and cryostat cutting. The
      results showed that, during the stages of palate development prior to shelf
      elevation, the tongue and mandible became positioned beneath the primary palate,
      and the vertical dimension of the oronasal cavity increased by the lifting of the
      nasomaxillary complex. The tongue and mandible maintained contact with the
      primary palate, whereas a space developed above the tongue in the middle and
      posterior palate regions. As the vertical dimension increased the volume of the
      palatomaxillary processes increased rapidly, the tongue became squeezed, and the
      palatine processes bulged medially above the level of the tongue. After shelf
      elevation extensive contact between the palatine processes was present, and the
      tongue became flattened. The results of this study support the observations of
      Lazzaro (1940) that rapid increase in shelf volume owing to increased
      intercellular volume contributes to movement of the processes above the tongue.
      But, rapid increase in shelf volume occurred contemporaneously with the time when
      the tongue and mandible outgrew the oronasal cavity and became positioned beneath
      the primary palate. Therefore, it would appear that the simultaneous occurrence
      of a lower and more forward tongue position, and an increased palatomaxillary
      process volume without change in maxillary width, contributed to the medial
      movement of the processes above the tongue.

PMID- 381269
TI  - PS-5, a new beta-lactam antibiotic. III. Synergistic effects and inhibitory
      activity against a beta-lactamase.
AB  - PS-5 was shown to have synergistic activity in combination with other beta-lactam
      antibiotics and it markedly decreased the minimum inhibitory concentration values
      of ampicillin or cephaloridine with a beta-lactamase-producing Proteus vulgaris
      strain on agar plates. The synergistic activities were also shown in bactericidal
      activity in liquid medium. PS-5 was shown to be inhibitory against an extracted
      beta-lactamase of P. volgaris.

PMID- 381270
TI  - Antibiotic X-5108. IX. Chemical conversion of mocimycin to aurodox and
      derivatives of aurodox, goldinamine and mocimycin.
AB  - Mocimycin was converted to the acylesters by selective acylation of the hydroxyl
      group of the 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2(1H)pyridinone moiety. Subsequent N-methylation
      at the nuclear nitrogen and removal of the protective group from the resulting
      reaction products afforded aurodox. Mono-O-acetylmocimycin and several analogous
      aurodox esters thus prepared possess antibacterial activity in vitro and growth
      promotion properties in poultry. Esters of aurodox involving the hydroxyl group
      of the 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2(1H)pyridinone moiety are activated. Accordingly,
      acetic acid treatment of the aurodox esters generates O-acylgoldinamines which
      undergo transacylation furnishing N-acylgoldinamines. Alternatively, N
      acylgoldinamines can be prepared by selective mono--o-arylsulfonylation of
      aurodox, liberating o-arylsulfonylgoldinamine by treatment with acetic acid
      followed by N-acylation and removal of the protective arylsulfonyl group. A third
      approach to N-acylgoldinamines consists in direct N-acylation of goldinamine
      itself which is prepared by acetic acid treatment of aurodox. None of these
      derivatives prepared, however, exhibited significant antimicrobial or growth
      promoting properties, suggesting that goldinonic acid moiety, or a closely
      related derivative thereof, is required for biological activity.

PMID- 381271
TI  - 13C-NMR studies on the biosynthesis of aurodox (antibiotic X-5108).

PMID- 381272
TI  - Controlled biosynthesis of neoviridogriseins, new homologues of viridogrisein. I.
      Taxonomy and fermentation.
AB  - Neoviridogriseins, new homologues of viridogrisein, were produced with
      viridogrisein and griseoviridin by Streptomyces sp. P8648 which was identified as
      a strain of Streptomyces griseoviridus.

PMID- 381273
TI  - Evaluation of the mutagenicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics in Salmonella
      typhimurium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The mutagenicity of aminoglycoside antibiotics (KM, AKM, DKB, RSM, AMK, GM, TOB)
      has been studied in cells of the bacteria Salmonella typhimurium and in the yeast
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The bacterial strains (Ames') monitor reverse mutation
      (point mutation) and the yeast strain D5 monitors mitotic crossing-over, mitotic
      gene conversion and point mutation. None of these antibiotics demonstrated any
      mutagenic activities in either the bacteria or the yeast.

PMID- 381274
TI  - Rapamycin (AY-22,989), a new antifungal antibiotic. IV. Mechanism of action.
AB  - Rapamycin, an antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus showed
      a strong candicidal activity, which could not be reversed by sterols. It has no
      effect on efflux of K+, Pi ir U.V. absorbing materials and cell permeability of
      Candida albicans. Thus, in its action it differs from the polyenes. Mechanism of
      action of rapamycin appears to be different from many known antifungal agents. In
      C. albicans, rapamycin at the minimum growth inhibitory concentration inhibited:
      1) phosphate incorporation into nucleic acids, 2) acetate incorporation into
      lipids and 3) substrate respiration of amino acids. The effect on amino acid
      metabolism was expressed as inhibition of oxidative deamination. At low
      concentrations rapamycin caused degradation of P32-labeled intracellular
      macromolecules. Inhibition of threonine incorporation into cell wall and leucine
      incorporation into cellular protein was observed at relatively higher
      concentrations of rapamycin. The antibiotic showed no effect on cell-free protein
      synthesizing systems of Escherichia coli, rat liver and C. albicans and in the
      mitochondrial enzyme systems. Whether the lethal action of rapamycin on C.
      albicans is primarily due to one of the above effects or is the result of
      combined effect on some of these biosynthetic parameters remains to be
      established.

PMID- 381275
TI  - Effects of relaxation training on pulmonary mechanics in children with asthma.
AB  - An experiment, designed to overcome shortcomings in previous work, was conducted
      to investigate the potential symptomatic benefits of relaxation training in the
      treatment of asthma in children. Fourteen chronic, severely asthmatic children
      received three sessions in which they rested quietly, followed by five sessions
      of relaxation training, and finally three sessions of relaxing as trained
      previously. Pulmonary function was assessed, in a manner far more definitive than
      in previous studies, before and after each session, and three additional times at
      30-minute intervals thereafter. Tension in the frontales muscles, heart and
      respiration rates, and skin temperature and conductance were also monitored.
      Heart rate and to some extent muscle tension results tended to confirm the
      attainment of relaxed states. However, the lung function results failed to
      substantiate the previous, preliminary findings of a clinically meaningful change
      in pulmonary function following relaxation. The status of relaxation in the
      treatment of asthma was discussed.

PMID- 381277
TI  - Perinatal and neonatal infections: infections with Gram-negative rods.

PMID- 381276
TI  - Relaxation treatment of pseudoinsomnia and idiopathic insomnia: an
      electroencephalographic evaluation.
AB  - Twenty-nine insomniacs underwent four consecutive sleep laboratory evaluations
      before and after receiving tension-release relaxation training, no-tension
      release relaxation training, or no-treatment. On the basis of the discrepancy
      between subjective and EEG-defined measures of latency to sleep onset, subjects
      were classified as pseudoinsomniacs or idiopathic insomniacs. As predicted,
      tension-release relaxation was significancy more effective than the other two
      conditions on subjective sleep measures, regardless of insomnia subtype and on
      objective sleep measures only for idiopathic insomniacs. Subjective improvement
      was maintained at 12-month followup. Numerous differences between the two
      subtypes emerged on pretherapy and during-therapy measures distinct from the
      latency measures, but changes on those variables were unrelated to outcome
      improvement.

PMID- 381278
TI  - Perinatal and neonatal infections: staphylococcal infections.

PMID- 381279
TI  - Perinatal and neonatal infections: infections with group-B streptococci.

PMID- 381280
TI  - Perinatal and neonatal infections: clinical observations on group-B streptococcal
      infections.

PMID- 381281
TI  - Clinical experience of group-B streptococcal infection of the newborn.

PMID- 381282
TI  - Rubella and other virus infections in pregnancy.

PMID- 381283
TI  - A simple and rapid purification method for Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I.
AB  - We report a simple, three-step method for the purification of Escherichia coli
      DNA polymerase I. Its advantages over other procedures are ease and rapidity, the
      absence of an autolysis or any high speed centrifugation step, and applicability
      to large quantities of material. In addition, RNA polymerase can be isolated as a
      by-product. We have applied this method to purify DNA polymerase both from wild
      type E. coli cells and from cells bearing a lambda prophage carrying the polA
      gene (Kelley, W.S., Chalmers, K., and Murray, N.E. (1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
      U.S.A. 74, 5632-5636). This latter source amplifies the amount of DNA polymerase
      in the cells by at least 10-fold.

PMID- 381284
TI  - Differential inhibition of host and viral thymidylate synthetases by
      folylpolyglutamates.
AB  - The ability of folate analogues to inhibit host and viral thymidylate synthetases
      was measured using the corresponding Escherichia coli and T2-phage-induced
      enzymes. In the absence of Mg2+, 6 x 10(-7) M pteroylhexaglutamate inhibited the
      T2-phage-induced synthetase by 50%, but at least 100-fold greater levels of this
      compound were necessary to inhibit the E. coli synthetase by this amount. At 2.5
      x 10(-6) M pteroylhexaglutamate, at least 80% inhibition of the T2-phage
      synthetase could be obtained with little or no inhibition of the E. coli enzyme.
      The pteroylmonoglutamate was about 2 orders of magnitude less inhibitory towards
      the T2-phage enzyme than the pteroyltri- to -heptaglutamates. However, upon
      addition of Mg2+ to the assay mixture, the inhibition produced by
      pteroylhexaglutamate was essentially reversed, with the E. coli synthetase now
      increasingly inhibited by this compound and the T2-synthetase only minimally
      impaired. Methotrexate and N10-formyl-2-amino-4-hydroxyquinazoline, although
      inhibitory to both enzymes in the presence or absence of Mg2+, did not show this
      differential selectivity. These results suggest that certain folate analogues may
      be useful in distinguishing between a host and an infecting organism's
      thymidylate synthetase and could thus provide an additional means of screening
      for potential chemotherapeutic agents.

PMID- 381285
TI  - Location of the sugar-binding site of L-arabinose-binding protein. Sugar
      derivative syntheses, sugar binding specificity, and difference Fourier analyses.
AB  - The sugar-binding site of the L-arabinose-binding protein, an essential component
      of the high affinity L-arabinose uptake system in Escherchia coli, is located
      deep in a cleft formed by the asymmetric contributions from both of the two
      similar domains. The site was unambiguously identified with the electron-rich
      substrate analog 6-bromo-6-deoxy-D-galactose in a difference Fourier analysis.
      The observation that the original native structure might have been solved with
      bound L-arabinose necessitated the synthesis of a heavy atom analog, its
      structure consistent with the known sugar-binding specificity of the protein.
      Difference Fourier maps (3.5 A) of crystals soaked in 46 mM analog showed a peak
      3.5 times background, which is attributed to the -CH2Br moiety of the analog.
      Superposition of a difference map onto a 2.8-A native electron density map
      indicated that the difference peak is 6 to 7 A from the reactive single cysteine
      (Cys-64) and partially coincident with an "extraneous" density found in the
      native map. This "extraneous" peak was previously attributed to a bound L
      arabinose molecule, and its presence accounts for the early failures of
      difference Fourier analyses of crystals soaked in or co-crystallized with L
      arabinose to locate the sugar-binding site.

PMID- 381286
TI  - The properties of a bacteriophage T5 mutant unable to induce deoxyuridine 5'
      triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase. Synthesis of uracil-containing T5
      deoxyribonucleic acid.
AB  - Bacteriophage T5 induces a deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase
      (dUTPase) activity during infection of Escherichia coli. A T5 mutant (T5 dut)
      unable to induce this dUTPase activity has been isolated. Although this mutant is
      viable, the E. coli dUTPase activity is not sufficiently active to exclude uracil
      from the progeny DNA and about 3% of the thymine is replaced by uracil. When the
      mutant is grown in an E. coli dut host about 12% of the thymine in the progeny
      DNA is replaced by uracil. T5 phage containing 12% uracil can replicate in uracil
      DNA glycosylase-deficient (ung) hosts with high efficiency, but fail to replicate
      in ung+ hosts. The amount of thymine replaced by uracil in the progeny produced
      in dut hosts is nearly independent of the ung genotype, indicating that the host
      uracil-DNA glycosylase-dependent repair pathway is not operating efficiently to
      remove uracil from T5 progeny DNA.

PMID- 381287
TI  - Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of RNA polymerase and ribosomal
      protein genes cloned on composite ColE1 plasmids in the bacterium Escherichia
      coli.

PMID- 381288
TI  - Stimulation of the glucose transport system in isolated mouse pancreatic acini by
      cholecystokinin and analogues.
AB  - Cholecystokinin and analogues increased the uptake of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and 3-O
      methylglucose into isolated mouse pancreatic acini. This uptake was mediated by a
      facilitated glucose transport system that was saturable, stereospecific, and was
      inhibited by both phloretin and cytochalasin B. In agreement with previous
      studies of acinar function, caerulein was more potent and pentagastrin less
      potent than cholecystokinin in increasing sugar transport. The cholinergic
      analogue carbachol mimicked the effect of caerulein; atropine completely
      abolished the effects of carbachol but was without influence on the effects of
      the polypeptide hormones. In contrast, secretion, as well as dibutyryl cyclic AMP
      and dibutyryl cyclic GMP, had no effect on 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake. Two lines of
      evidence suggested that hormonal stimulation of this sugar transport system was
      related to mobilization of cellular Ca2+. First, depletion of cellular Ca2+ by
      incubation of acini with ethylene glycol bis(beta-aminoethyl ether) N,N,N',N'
      tetraacetic acid (EGTA) reduced the effect of caerulein. Second, the Ca2+
      ionophore A23187 mimicked the effects of caerulein on 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake
      when Ca2+ was present in the medium.

PMID- 381289
TI  - Molecular mechanism of in vitro 30 S ribosome assembly. I. Conformational changes
      of the 16 S RNA.

PMID- 381290
TI  - Molecular mechanism of in vitro 30 S ribosome assembly. II. Conformational
      changes of ribosomal proteins.

PMID- 381291
TI  - The ribosomal protein binding site in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomal 5 S RNA.
      A conserved protein binding site in 5 S RNA.

PMID- 381292
TI  - Conformational and ligand binding properties of the isolated domains from the
      beta 2 subunit of Escherichia coli tryptophan synthetase investigated by the
      reactivity of their cysteines.
AB  - A mild proteolytic treatment of the dimeric beta 2 subunit of Escherichia coli
      tryptophan synthetase (L-serine hydrolase (adding indole) EC 4.2.1.20) is known
      to nick each polypeptide chain into two complementary fragments, F1 and F2
      (Hogberg-Railbaud, A., and Goldberg, M.E. (1977) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
      74, 442-446). The reactivity of the cysteines in the isolated or associated
      fragments is studied and used to characterize the structural and functional
      properties of these fragments. It is shown that the total number of cysteines,
      their reactivity to dithiobisnitrobenzoate, and their protection by various
      ligands are the same in the nicked and intact enzyme, thus demonstrating the
      close structural analogy between these two proteins. In the isolated F1 fragments
      two cysteines are reactive and two are buried, thus confirming that this
      fragments has a compact, globular structure. Various ligands tested fail to
      produce any modification of the cysteines in the isolated fragments, thus
      suggesting that none of the fragments alone carries a binding site for the
      substrates and coenzyme.

PMID- 381293
TI  - The effect of template secondary structure on vaccinia DNA polymerase.
AB  - Vaccinia virus DNA polymerase will utilize a substrate consisting of phi X174 DNA
      primed with a strand of a unique restriction fragment, but the reaction is
      inefficient. Examination of the reaction products by alkaline agarose gel
      electrophoresis revealed a few discrete fragments, each corresponding to an
      extended primer strand. This result implies that specific barriers exist on the
      phi X174 template which impede, but do not completely halt, the progress of the
      enzyme. Only a few per cent of the template molecules were completely copied.
      Similar findings were reported by Sherman and Gefter using Escherichia coli DNA
      polymerase II and fd DNA (J. Mol. Biol. (1976) 103, 61-76). Several observations
      suggest that the barriers are regions of template secondary structure. Some
      barriers are more effective than others, and they increase in both effectiveness
      and number as the temperature is decreased. The same barriers are observed with
      T4 DNA polymerase, but none are detected with E. coli DNA polymerase I. Finally,
      the major barriers are located in regions of the phi X174 sequence known to
      contain hairpin structures of relatively high stability. The exact stopping point
      of one of the major barriers is within the duplex stem of a hairpin structure.
      These results show that DNA polymerases are a useful probe of the secondary
      structure of a single-stranded DNA.

PMID- 381294
TI  - Membrane lipid biogenesis in Escherichia coli: identification of genetic loci for
      phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthetase and construction of mutants lacking
      phosphatidylglycerol.

PMID- 381295
TI  - Studies of RNA chain initiation by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase bound to T7
      DNA. Direct analysis of the kinetics and extent of RNA chain initiation at T7
      promoter A1.

PMID- 381296
TI  - The role of glyoxylate in the regulation of biodegradative threonine dehydratase
      of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The activity of biodegradative threonine dehydratase of Escherichia coli K12 was
      reversibly inhibited by glyoxylate in the presence of AMP. Kinetic analysis
      showed that the inhibition was mixed with respect to L-threonine and competitive
      in terms of AMP; the inhibitory effect of glyoxylate was less pronounced at high
      protein concentrations. Incubation of dehydratase with L-threonine shifted the
      absorption maximum of the enzyme-bound pyridoxal phosphate from 413 to 425 nm;
      addition of glyoxylate completely prevented the threonine-mediated spectral
      shift. In addition to the inhibitory effect, incubation of purified enzyme with
      glyoxylate resulted in a progressive, irreversible inactivation of the enzyme and
      formation of inactive protein aggregates. The rates of inactivation were
      decreased with increasing concentrations of protein and AMP. During inactivation
      by glyoxylate, the 413-nm absorption maximum of the native enzyme was replaced by
      a new peak at 385 nm. Experiments with [14C]glyoxylate showed a rapid binding of
      1 mol of glyoxylate per 147,000 g followed by a slow binding of 3 additional mol
      of glyoxylate; the glyoxylate-protein linkage was stable to acid precipitation
      and protein denaturants. Competition binding experiments revealed that pyruvate
      (which also inactivated the E. coli enzyme, Feldman, D.A., and Datta, P. (1975)
      Biochemistry 14, 1760-1767) did not interfere with the binding of glyoxylate or
      vice versa, suggesting that the two keto acids may occupy separate sites on the
      enzyme molecule. Nevertheless, experiments on enzyme inactivation using
      glyoxylate plus pyruvate reveal mutual interactions between these ligands in
      terms of lack of additive effect, retardation in the spectral shift due to
      glyoxylate, and stabilization of the enzyme in the presence and absence of AMP.
      We conclude from these results that the control of biodegradative threonine
      dehydratase is governed by a complex set of regulatory events resulting from
      reversible and irreversible association of these effectors with the enzyme
      molecule.

PMID- 381297
TI  - Quantitative analysis of two-dimensional electrophoretograms.
AB  - A method for quantitative analysis of complex film density distributions in
      autoradiograms is described. The method is intended particularly for measuring
      the distribution of radioactivity among the proteins resolved by two-dimensional
      gel electrophoresis but should, of course, be suited to analyzing other two
      dimensional separations. The film density distribution is first digitized by a
      high speed rotating drum scanner to generate the image data array that is stored
      on a magnetic disk. Subsequent analysis involves: 1) data averaging, 2) detection
      of contours and of their locations, 3) splitting of overlapping spots, 4)
      conversion of film density to radioactive intensity by means of calibration
      films, and 5) differentiation and integration to measure the total radioactivity
      contained in the protein which generates a spot in the autoradiogram. The product
      of the analysis is a numbered contour map and a table listing coordinates and
      radioactivity content of each resolved spot. Coordinate transformations for
      comparison and matching of autoradiograms are also described. A set of utility
      programs print and graph the data at intermediate stages of the analysis in order
      to facilitate the checking of procedures and programs.

PMID- 381298
TI  - Purification and properties of L-Aspartate-alpha-decarboxylase, an enzyme that
      catalyzes the formation of beta-alanine in Escherichia coli.
AB  - L-Aspartate-alpha-decarboxylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the production of beta
      alanine, has been purified to apparent homogeneity from Escherichia coli. The
      properties of the enzyme are: (a) pH optimum of 6.8 to 7.5, (b) temperature
      optimum of 55 degrees C, (c) Km for L-aspartate of 0.16 mM, and (d) molecular
      weight of 58,000. The activity of the enzyme is inhibited by reagents
      (hydroxylamine, phenylhydrazine, and sodium borohydride) that react with carbonyl
      groups, but no pyridoxal phosphate is present. The compound containing the
      carbonyl group has been identified as covalently bound pyruvate. Approximately 1
      mol of pyruvate was found/mol of enzyme. That the enzyme has a biosynthetic
      function rather than a catabolic role is indicated by the observations that a
      mutant (designated as E. coli 99-2) which requires either beta-alanine or
      pantothenic acid for growth contains only trace amounts of enzyme activity,
      whereas it is present in substantial amounts in the parent strain (E. coli W) and
      in a spontaneous revertant of the mutant.

PMID- 381299
TI  - Isolation and characterization of recombinant clones containing the chicken adult
      beta-globin gene.
AB  - We have isolated and characterized two independent clones containing the chicken
      adult beta-globin gene. Each clone contains a 6.2-kilobase-pair Eco RI
      restriction fragment of chicken erythrocyte DNA inserted into the vector, lambda
      gtWES . lambda B. The orientation of the inserted fragment is opposite in the two
      clones. Characterization of the clones by electron microscopic R-loop studies, by
      restriction enzyme mapping, and by filter hybridization shows that the adult beta
      globin gene is interrupted by at least one small and one large intervening
      sequence. In addition to the complete adult beta-globin gene, at least part of a
      second beta-globin-like gene was identified about 2.7 kilobase pairs from the 3'
      end of the adult gene. The two independent clones, while very similar, do differ
      at two Msp I restriction endonuclease sites in regions flanking the adult beta
      globin gene.

PMID- 381300
TI  - Evidence for mitochondrial localization of the hormone-responsive pool of Ca2+ in
      isolated hepatocytes.
AB  - Conditions are described that allow chlortetracycline, a fluorescent probe of
      membrane-associated Ca2+, to monitor the content of the major exchangeable pool
      of intracellular Ca2+ present in the isolated rat hepatocyte. Chlortetracycline
      fluorescence is decreased in cells whose Ca2+ content is diminished by treatment
      either with carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone or with ionophore A23187.
      Norepinephrine releases Ca2+ from this exchangeable pool and decreases both the
      fluorescence signal and its subsequent response to A23187. Previous suggestions
      that chlortetracycline fluorescence is localized in the mitochondria of liver and
      other cells is supported by comparison of the fluorescence that follows the
      addition of chlortetracycline to intact hepatocytes and to isolated hepatic
      microsomes and mitochondria. Identification of the hormone-responsive pool of
      Ca2+ with the mitochondria is strengthened by comparison of the total calcium
      content of mitochondria isolated from control and hormone-treated animals. The
      uptake and release of Ca2+ in control and hormone-treated hepatocytes rendered
      permeable by treatment with digitonin is also consistent with this
      interpretation.

PMID- 381301
TI  - Regulation of glycogen synthesis and glucose utilization in Escherichia coli
      during maintenance of the energy charge. Quantitative correlation of changes in
      the rates of glycogen synthesis and glucose utilization with simultaneous changes
      in the cellular levels of both glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-diphosphate.
AB  - Treatment of nitrogen-starved cultures of Escherichia coli W4597(K) with sodium
      azide results in simultaneous changes in both glucose 6-phosphate and fructose
      1,6-diphosphate as well as in the rate of glycogen synthesis. Based on these
      observations, a comprehensive equation was developed which relates the cellular
      levels of both of these hexose phosphates with the rate of glycogen synthesis.
      This relationship apparently represents the interaction in vivo between the rate
      limiting enzyme of bacterial glycogen synthesis, glucose 1-phosphate
      adenylyltransferase (adenosine diphosphoglucose synthetase, EC 2.7.7.27), and its
      substrate glucose 1-phosphate (reflected by glucose 6-phosphate) and its major
      allosteric activator fructose diphosphate. The form of the equation that
      describes this relationship was determined from studies presented here of the
      kinetic properties of the E. coli W4597(K) enzyme in the presence of
      physiological concentrations of its substrates and modulators. We show here and
      in subsequent reports of this series that the comprehensive relationship between
      glycogen synthesis and hexose phosphates can serve as a reference to evaluate the
      possible participation of new factors in the regulation of glycogen synthesis.
      Treatment with NaN3 did not change the cellular level of glucose 1-phosphate
      adenylyltransferase. The value of the adenylate energy charge, (ATP + 1/2
      ADP)/(ATP + ADP + AMP), was maintained despite losses of up to 35% in cellular
      adenylates. The quantitative co-variance between hexose phosphates and the
      cellular rate of glucose utilization that we previously described for other
      metabolic conditions was also observed in the azide-treated cultures. We
      integrate the new information into the system of coordinated regulation of
      glycogen synthesis, glycolysis, and glucose utilization that we proposed
      previously.

PMID- 381302
TI  - Periodic inventory review as a strategy for survival in Escherichia coli. The
      observation of precisely timed, rapid, and simultaneous shifts in glycogen
      synthesis and glucose utilization in the absence of an external stimulus during
      prolonged nitrogen starvation.

PMID- 381303
TI  - Evidence for new factors in the coordinate regulation of energy metabolism in
      Escherichia coli. Effects of hypoxia, chloramphenicol succinate, and 2,4
      dinitrophenol on glucose utilization, glycogen synthesis, adenylate energy
      charge, and hexose phosphates during the first two periods of nitrogen
      starvation.
AB  - We studied the effects of decreased aeration, chloramphenicol succinate, and 2,4
      dinitrophenol on the cellular rates of glycogen synthesis and glucose utilization
      and on the cellular concentrations of adenine nucleotides, glucose 6-phosphate,
      fructose 1,6-diphosphate, and phosphoenolpyruvate during the first two periods of
      nitrogen starvation of Escherichia coli W4597(K). A quantitative relationship
      between the changes in the rates and the accompanying changes in the hexose
      phosphates is demonstrated. However, the relationship for glycogen synthesis is
      different in different sets of metabolic conditions. We suggest that this
      difference reflects a change in the steady state level of a previously unknown
      effector of ADP-glucose synthetase (glucose 1-phosphate adenylyltransferase, EC
      2.7.7.27) the rate-limiting enzyme of bacterial glycogen synthesis. We show that
      the properties of the hypothetical in vivo effector are consistent with the
      inhibitory effects of ppGpp (guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5'-diphosphate) and pppGpp
      (guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5'-triphosphate) on this enzyme in vitro. In addition,
      tetracycline, an inhibitor of the synthesis of these nucleotides, apparently
      prevents the change in the quantitative relationship. The relationship between
      glucose utilization and the hexose phosphates is altered at the transition to
      Period II of nitrogen starvation. We propose that this change reflects the
      alteration of the cellular steady state level of an unknown effector of the
      glucose phosphotransferase system. In contrast to the ATP-hexose phosphate system
      of shared regulatory effects, the specific effects of the unknown effectors allow
      the rates of glucose utilization and glycogen synthesis to be altered
      independently of each other and independently of changes in the rate of
      glycolysis. This independence allows a greater latitude of response for the
      individual pathways in more severe metabolic stress or in accommodating the
      metabolic changes necessary for long term survival.

PMID- 381304
TI  - Biosynthesis of yeast mannoproteins. Synthesis of mannan outer chain and of
      dolichol derivatives.
AB  - The Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants affected in the structure of mannan outer
      chain were found to synthesize dolichol diphosphate-linked oligosaccharides
      identical in size to those of the wild type strain. The mannosyl transferases
      involved in the synthesis of the outer chain had an absolute requirement for
      manganese ions and were activated when enzymatic preparations were stored at 2
      degrees C, whereas the transferases responsible for the formation of dolichol
      monophosphate mannose and dolichol diphosphate oligosaccharides were drastically
      inactivated from the onset of storage and required magnesium or manganese ions,
      the former being more effective than the latter. Both sets of enzymes could be
      separated by ion exchange chromatography. In vitro conditions that enhanced the
      synthesis of dolichol monophosphate mannose did not stimulate the incorporation
      of mannose residues into the outer chain. It is concluded that dolichol
      monophosphate mannose is not an intermediate in the synthesis of the outer chain
      and that this part of mannan and the dolichol diphosphate oligosaccharides are
      synthesized by different mannosyltransferases.

PMID- 381305
TI  - The primary structure of calf chymosin.
AB  - The complete amino acid sequence of calf chymosin (rennin) (EC 3.4.23.4) has been
      determined. The sequence consists of a single peptide chain of 323 amino acid
      residues. The primary structure of the precursor part of calf prochymosin was
      published previously (Pedersen, V.B., and Foltmann, B. (1975) Eur. J. Biochem.
      55, 95-103), thus we are now able to account for the total 365 amino acid
      residues of calf prochymosin. Comparison of the sequence of calf prochymosin with
      that of pig pepsinogen A (EC 3.4.23.1) shows extensive homology. In the precursor
      part of the sequence, 15 residues are located at identical positions, as compared
      to 189 identical residues in the respective enzymes. Furthermore comparison to
      Penicillium janthinellum acid proteinase (penicillopepsin) (EC 3.4.23.7) shows
      that 76 residues are common to this enzyme and to the two gastric proteinases.
      These homologies in sequence further suggest that the folding of the peptide
      chain in chymosin is very similar to that of other acid proteinases.

PMID- 381307
TI  - Properties of the single sulfhydryl group of carboxypeptidase Y. Effects of alkyl
      and aromatic mercurials on activities toward various synthetic substrates.

PMID- 381306
TI  - Enzymatic synthesis of uridine diphosphate N-acetyl-D-mannosaminuronic acid.

PMID- 381308
TI  - Purification and molecular characterization of two inhibitors of yeast proteinase
      B.
AB  - A rapid purification procedure for large scale preparations of yeast proteinase B
      inhibitors 1 and 2 (IB1 and IB2) is described. By disc gel electrophoresis, amino
      acid analysis, and end-group determinations, each of the inhibitors is
      homogeneous. Both inhibitors are polypeptides with molecular weights of 8,500,
      containing 74 residues. No components other than amino acids could be detected.
      There is no significant difference in the amino acid compositions of the two
      inhibitors as analyzed after acid hydrolysis. Both polypeptides are characterized
      by the total absence of arginine, tryptophan, and sulfur-containing amino acid
      residues. The proteinase B inhibitors of yeast, therefore, differ fundamentally
      from proteinase inhibitors of many other organisms, which generally contain a
      large number of disulfide bridges. Both proteinase B inhibitors have threonine as
      the NH2-terminal residue and -Val-His-Thr-Asn-COO- as the COOH-terminal sequence.
      Comparison of peptide maps after tryptic digestion reveals that the two
      inhibitors differ definitely in only a few tryptic peptides. The inhibitors are
      rapidly inactivated by digestion with carboxypeptidase A from bovine pancreas at
      pH 8.5. Inactivation occurs stoichiometrically with the release of threonine, the
      penultimate residue at the COOH-terminal end of both inhibitors.

PMID- 381309
TI  - A pleiotropic defect of membrane synthesis in a thermosensitive mutant tsC42 of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Synthesis of membrane proteins in a thermosensitive mutant of Escherichia coli
      K12, tsC42, that has a defect in a mechanism of cell cycle-dependent duplication
      of membrane enzymes was examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. The cells were labeled differentially with [14C]- and
      [3H]arginine and the membrane proteins synthesized at nonpermissive and
      permissive temperatures were compared. The results showed that at the
      nonpermissive temperature, the syntheses of cytoplasmic membrane proteins and
      outer membrane proteins were reduced more than 70% and 50%, respectively. No
      significant accumulation of precursor molecules of membrane proteins at the
      nonpermissive temperature was detected in pulse-chase experiments. It is
      therefore assumed that the mutant has a defect in a gene that regulates the
      biosynthesis of many membrane proteins.

PMID- 381310
TI  - Fumarate reductase of Escherichia coli. Elucidation of the covalent-flavin
      component.
AB  - Fumarate reductase is a membrane-bound terminal oxidase which is induced when
      Escherichia coli is grown anaerobically. The purified enzyme is composed of two
      polypeptide chains of 69,000 and 24,000 daltons and contains 1 mol of covalently
      bound flavin adenine dinucleotide per mol of enzyme. Fluorescence scanning of SDS
      polyacrylamide gels of the protein shows that the flavin is attached to the large
      subunit. The hypsochromic shift of the 372 nm band of riboflavin to 350 nm in
      both native fumarate reductase and a flavin peptide released by proteolytic
      digestion indicates that the flavin is attached via position 8 alpha of
      riboflavin. Based on the spectral properties and pH-fluorescence dependence we
      have identified the linkage as 8 alpha-[N(3)-histidyl]FAD.

PMID- 381311
TI  - Gene amplification causes overproduction of the first three enzymes of UMP
      synthesis in N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate-resistant hamster cells.
AB  - Mutant Syrian hamster cells resistant to N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate (PALA), a
      transition state analog inhibitor of aspartate transcarbamylase, overproduce CAD,
      a multifunctional protein which catalyzes the first three reactions of de novo
      UMP biosynthesis. Increased levels of a single mRNA cause the overproduction of
      CAD in all PALA-resistant mutants examined thus far. A recombinant plasmid
      containing a 2,3-kilobase insert complementary to the 3'-proximal region of this
      7.9-kilobase mRNA has been prepared and used to show that the CAD gene is
      amplified in each of the 10 PALA-resistant mutants examined. Rates of association
      of CAD sequences in DNA isolated from PALA-sensitive and PALA-resistant cells
      with labeled plasmid DNA indicated that the degree of amplification is
      approximately equal to the degree of overproduction of protein and mRNA in each
      mutant. The patterns of digestion of these DNAs with restriction enzymes
      confirmed this result and showed that the lower limit for the size of the
      amplified unit is 19 kilobases, much larger than the mRNA. A comparison of
      restriction endonuclease digests of the cloned cDNA with digests of genomic DNA
      indicated that part of this difference is attributable to intervening sequences
      in the CAD gene. A 10.2-kilobase RNA which contains CAD sequences is found in
      cytoplasmic fractions from some PALA-resistant mutants but not in wild type
      cells. Restriction patterns were analyzed by a new method in which fragments of
      DNA are transferred from agarose gels to diazo paper with a high efficiency which
      is independent of size.

PMID- 381313
TI  - Certification--a measure of competence.

PMID- 381312
TI  - The Biological Photographic Association, its half century.

PMID- 381314
TI  - Scanning analysis of neoteric composite systems as to enamel-composite bond and
      surface integrity.

PMID- 381315
TI  - Potentiation of the chemotherapeutic action of 5-fluorouracil by combination with
      cytidine or guanosine on HRS-sarcoma.
AB  - The chemotherapeutic action of 5-fluorouracil monotherapy on HRS-Sarcoma in mice
      was compared with those of 5-fluorouracil nucleoside combinations (thymidine,
      cytidine or guanosine). The curative action of 5-fluorouracil was potentiated
      without increasing its toxicity, when cytidine or guanosine were applied at
      definite intervals before or after 5-fluorouracil.

PMID- 381316
TI  - Early mitochondrial damage in the induction of haemorrhagic necrosis in the
      Crocker sarcoma (S 180) by endotoxin.
AB  - Disturbances in the functional properties of tumor mitochondria have been studied
      during the course of induction of haemorrhage brought about by endotoxin in the
      murine Crocker sarcoma (S 180). Extensive impairment of function was already
      present in mitochondria isolated from control tumors, as shown by low respiratory
      control ratios. The existing mitochondrial damage intensified promptly in
      response to injection of endotoxin long before the onset of haemorrhage at 4 h.
      The nature of the additional damage took two forms, depending on the duration of
      exposure to endotoxin; first, at 30 min, a true uncoupling of oxidative
      phosphorylation was seen, largely reversible in vitro by pre-treatment of the
      isolated organelles with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Second, at 1 h and later,
      oxygen utilisation in the presence of succinate, ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi)
      was depressed. The pre-addition of BSA consistently lowered respiration rates
      with succinate and Pi in all preparations. The extent of endogenous inhibition of
      the adenine nucleotide translocase appeared unaltered by endotoxin in vivo.

PMID- 381317
TI  - Oesophageal cancer in Greenland: selected epidemiological and clinical aspects.
AB  - During 1955--1974, forty cases of oesophageal cancer were diagnosed among
      indigenous Greenlanders. The annual incidence rates per 100,000, age adjusted to
      the "world" population, were 16.3 for males and 11.8 for females in 1955--1964.
      The corresponding rates in 1965--1974 were 15.9 for males and 6.7 for females
      with a male:feamle ratio of 2.4:1. These rates rank among the moderately high
      rates found in India, Puerto Rico and France and in the black population in the
      US. Age distribution, anatomical location and prognosis followed the normal
      pattern for oesophageal cancer disease. No particular occupational trend was
      apparent and there was no difference between towns and settlements. However, a
      statistically significant geographical gradient of frequency was found with
      higher rates in the southernmost 3 districts. The traditional Greenland diet may
      contain concentrations of precursors sufficient to create carcinogenic levels of
      nitrosamines. Further studies are needed in particular of environmental factors
      such as foodstuffs, homebrewed beer, drinking water and cigarette smoking.
      Attention should be focused on the special ecological conditions in southern
      Greenland.

PMID- 381318
TI  - Immunofluorescent and histochemical localization of AMP deaminase in skeletal
      muscle.
AB  - Fluorescent antibody staining experiments with both isolated myofibrils and
      muscle fibers grown in culture show that AMP deaminase is bound to the myofibril
      in the A band. The strongest staining occurs at each end of the A band. The
      approximate width of the fluorescent stripes and their relation to the A band
      remains constant as a function of sarcomere length. Removal of enzyme from the
      myofibrils leads to loss of staining, and readdition of purified enzyme restores
      the original staining pattern. A histoenzymatic method for the detection of AMP
      deaminase activity in cultured fibers gives comparable localization. The results
      are consistent with the previous observation (Ashby, B. and C. Frieden. 1977.J.
      Biol. Chem. 252:1869--1872) that AMP deaminase forms a tight complex in solution
      with subfragment-2 (S-2) of myosin or with heavy meromyosin (HMM).

PMID- 381319
TI  - Transmembrane communication in cells chronically infected with measles virus.
AB  - The transmembrane association of the measles virus hemagglutinin and hemolysin
      surface proteins with intracellular viral antigens was studied. Rabbit antisera
      monospecific for measles virus matrix and nucleocapsid proteins and a human
      antiserum containing specificities for both the hemagglutinin and hemolysin
      proteins were used to study the co-capping of these proteins in human Lu 106 cell
      line, chronically infected with measles virus. Capping of the surface-associated
      envelope components was accompanied by co-capping of the matrix and nucleocapsid
      proteins, the latter being localized mainly within the inclusions. This
      demonstrated transmembrane communication between surface-associated envelope
      components and the intracellular measles virus matrix and nucleocapsid proteins.
      The results demonstrated the existence of a linkage between viral inclusions and
      viral proteins associated with cell membranes. In the presence of cytochalasin B
      (1--2 micrograms/ml), co-capping of the matrix protein was unchanged or slightly
      enhanced, whereas co-capping of the nucleocapsid protein decreased, indicating
      that actin filaments may mediate the communication between viral nucleocapsids
      and the cell membrane.

PMID- 381320
TI  - Tuftsin-macrophage interaction: specific binding and augmentation of
      phagocytosis.
AB  - The binding of [3H]tuftsin to normal and in vivo stimulated mouse peritoneal
      macrophage populations was studied at 22 degrees C. The [3H]tuftsin binding to
      thioglycollate-stimulated macrophages was shown to be rapid and saturable, with
      an equilibrium dissociation constant (K(D)) (calculated from a Scatchard plot) of
      5.3 X 10(-8) M. The calculated number of binding sites per macrophage amounts to
      approximately 72,000. Binding competition studies with unlabelled tuftsin yielded
      a K(D) of 5.0 X 10(-8) M. [3H] [N-Acetyl-Thr1]tuftsin, an inactive analog of
      tuftsin, failed to bind specifically to thioglycollate-stimulated macrophages. [N
      Acetyl-Thr1]tuftsin and the tripeptide [Des-Arg4]tuftsin failed to compete for
      tuftsin binding sites, while [D-Arg4]tuftsin, an analog with small tuftsin-like
      activity, exhibited a low degree of inhibition of [3H]tuftsin binding. Thus a
      rather high degree of specificity is involved in the binding of the tetrapeptide.
      Normal as well as six different macrophage populations induced by stimulation
      with thioglycollate, concanavalin-A, starch, mineral oil, glucan and Bacillus
      Calmette Guerrin (BCG), exhibited a similar degree of binding of [3H]tuftsin.
      Corynebacterium parvum (CP)-stimulated macrophages, on the other hand, showed a 6
      to 10-fold-lower capacity for tuftsin binding. Under similar experimental
      conditions, mouse fibroblast and lymphocyte preparations revealed no detectable
      specific binding. Tuftsin augmented the phagocytic response of normal and
      stimulated macrophages assessed both for phagocytosis mediated via the Fc
      receptor and via non-specific receptors. CP-stimulated macrophages did not
      exhibit an increased phagocytic response upon treatment with tuftsin.

PMID- 381321
TI  - Pancreatic alpha- and beta-cell function in pheochromocytoma.
AB  - Arginine infusion tests were carried out in seven patients with pheochromocytoma
      before and after extirpation of the tumors in order to evaluate pancreatic islet
      alpha- and beta-cell function during the state of endogenous catecholamine
      excess. Six of the patients had glucose intolerance; one did not. Preoperatively,
      the pancreatic glucagon response was suppressed, while the insulin response was
      comparable to that in normal control subjects. Plasma glucose levels decreased
      rapidly after the beginning of arginine infusion in all patients. Theses changes
      during the infusion were evident in the one patient without glucose intolerance.
      Postoperatively, the glucagon response and plasma glucose changes were
      normalized. In addition to the obvious suppression of pancreatic alpha-cell
      function in our patients with pheochromocytoma, it seems likely that pancreatic
      beta-cell function also was suppressed; there was no enhancement of the insulin
      response to arginine during the period of chronic hyperglycemia, a situation in
      which a synergistic effect between glucose and arginine might be expected.

PMID- 381322
TI  - Pancreatic alpha-cell function in diabetic hemochromatotic subjects.
AB  - To clarify further the etiology of the carbohydrate intolerance in idiopathic
      hemochromatosis, we investigated the glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon
      responses to arginine (0.5 g/kg) infused during 30 min in lean normal subjects;
      in insulin-requiring subjects with hemochromatosis, genetic diabetes, and total
      pancreatectomy; and in nondiabetic cirrhotic subjects without portosystemic
      shunting. Serum insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon responses (30K antibody) were
      determined by RIA, and glucose level was determined by a glucose oxidase
      technique. Hemochromatotic and genetic diabetic subjects had similar basal
      glucose (157 +/- 25 vs. 168 +/- 40 mg/dl) and C-peptide (0.73 +/- 0.42 vs. 0.65
      +/- 0.22 ng/ml) values, with subnormal C-peptide peak responses to stimulation
      (1.05 +/- 0.38 and 1.40 +/- 0.83 vs. 3.95 +/- 0.4 ng/ml in normals; P less than
      0.05). No glucagon or C-peptide response to arginine was seen in any
      pancreatectomized subject. Similar but excessive glucagon levels were present in
      hemochromatosis, diabetes, and cirrhosis under basal conditions (166 +/- 24, 232
      +/- 111, and 263 +/- 116 vs. 76 +/- 15 pg/ml; P less than 0.05) and after
      arginine stimulation (782 +/- 80, 834 +/- 123, and 902 +/- 275 vs. 489 +/- 81
      pg/ml; P less than 0.05) when compared with normals. The excessive glucagon
      levels found in hemochromatosis, diabetes mellitus, and cirrhosis contrast to the
      absent response in pancreatectomized subjects and indicate that generalized islet
      cell destruction is not the major factor in diabetic hemochromatotic subjects.

PMID- 381323
TI  - Indirect immunofluorescent localization of prolactin to the cytoplasm of decidua
      and trophoblast cells in human placental membranes at term.
AB  - An indirect immunofluorescent technique was used to determine the localization of
      cytoplasmic human PRL (hPRL) in fresh and incubated human placental membranes at
      term. In both fresh and 8-h incubated samples of amnion, amniochorion decidua, or
      chorion decidua obtained from three placentas, we found specific reproducible
      localization of hPRL to the cytoplasm of decidua and trophoblast cells. The
      decidua cells appeared to be the most intensely fluorescent. No specific hPRL
      immunofluorescence was noted in the amniotic epithelium of fresh or incubated
      samples of amnion and amniochorion decidua. These data suggest that the
      trophoblast decidua cell layer is the site of PRL localization and possibly
      synthesis in placental membranes at term and may be the origin of amniotic fluid
      PRL in humans.

PMID- 381324
TI  - Reduced gonadotropin secretion in postmenopausal women during treatment with a
      stimulatory LRH analogue.
AB  - The potent and long-acting LRH agonist D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LRH was administered in a
      daily subcutaneous dose of 5 microgram to 5 postmenopausal women for a period of
      10 days. The LRH analogue produced a significant decrease in both the basal FSH
      and LH levels and the gonadotropin responses to the agonist. The estrogen levels
      in serum remained unchanged during the study period. The results suggest that D
      Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LRH has a direct inhibitory effect at the pituitary level.

PMID- 381325
TI  - The Broussard hook and eye clasp fixed-removable appliance.

PMID- 381327
TI  - Bacteria causing symptomatic urinary tract infection or asymptomatic bacteriuria.
AB  - One thousand bacterial isolates from consecutive suprapublic aspirations of urine
      in two groups of patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection and two groups
      with asymptomatic bacteriuria were studied. Staphylococci accounted for 13 and
      27% of the isolates from symptomatic patients but for only 3 and 4% of strains
      from asymptomatic bacteriuria. Conversely, 18 and 30% of Escherichia coli
      isolates from asymptomatic bacteriuria were auto-agglutinable when tested with
      antisera to the common urinary O-serogroups, whereas such strains accounted for
      only 5 and 7% of the E. coli from symptomatic patients. The high prevalence of
      auto-agglutinable E. coli in asymptomatic bacteriuria was accompanied by a
      reduction in the frequency of the common uninary O-serogroups rather than other
      smooth strains.

PMID- 381326
TI  - Glucose memory of pancreatic B and A2 cells: evidence for common time-dependent
      actions of glucose on insulin and glucagon secretion in the perfused rat
      pancreas.
AB  - The influence of previous exposure to glucose on the subsequent B- and A(2)-cell
      secretory responses to arginine was investigated in the perfused pancreas of the
      rat. Arginine (8 mM) was administered in two brief (9 min) pulses separated by a
      period of 66 min. In pancreata from 18-h-fasted animals the two pulses of
      arginine elicited biphasic glucagon secretory responses, while stimulation of
      insulin release was barely detectable. When 27.7 mM glucose was administered for
      30 min during the intervening period up to 20 min before the second pulse of
      arginine, the glucagon response to arginine was diminished by 55% while the
      insulin release was markedly increased in comparison with the first pulse. 8.3 mM
      glucose, when administered before the second pulse of arginine, exerted effects
      that were smaller but otherwise similar to those of 27.7 mM glucose.The inclusion
      of 3.9 mM glucose during the stimulation periods with arginine decreased the
      glucagon and greatly increased the insulin secretory response. Under these
      conditions, previous exposure to 27.7 mM glucose inhibited the glucagon and
      enhanced the insulin response to the second stimulatory pulse of arginine to the
      same relative degree as when arginine was administered alone. Diazoxide (2 mM),
      when administered together with 27.7 mM glucose, almost completely inhibited
      insulin release induced by the presence of glucose, yet did not influence the
      modulation exerted by glucose on the subsequent insulin and glucagon secretory
      response to arginine. Conversely, these effects of the glucose pulse could not be
      reproduced by 1 mug/ml of porcine insulin. Previous exposure to glyceraldehyde
      (10 mM) mimicked the glucose effects.Also, in pancreata from fed rats, previous
      exposure to 27.7 mM glucose markedly inhibited subsequent arginine-induced
      glucagon secretion while the concomittant insulin response was enhanced.IT IS
      CONCLUDED THAT: (a) both A(2)- and B-cell responsiveness is modulated by a
      previous exposure to glucose which produces opposite effects in the two cell
      types, (b) this action of glucose does not depend on its insulin-releasing
      capacity, and (c) instead, a "memory" of glucose is induced as a consequence of
      the metabolism of the sugar in the A(2) and B cells.

PMID- 381328
TI  - Identification of Pseudomonas pseudomallei in the clinical laboratory.
AB  - Ninety-one strains of Pseudomonas pseudomallei were tested in the API 20E system
      and in equivalent conventional tests. Except for utilisation of citrate there was
      good correlation between API and conventional tests. Seven-digit profiles were
      constructed from each strain after 48 hours' incubation, and numerical codes 2
      006 727, 2 206 706, 2 206 707, and 2 206 727 accounted for 77% of strains tested.
      API 20 E, in combination with tests for heat stability of alkaline phosphatase,
      resistance to colistin and gentamicin, oxidative attack only of glucose, and acid
      from maltose, was found to provide a simple method for positive identification of
      all strains of this organism in two days.

PMID- 381329
TI  - Rapid processing of renal glomeruli for electron microscopy.

PMID- 381330
TI  - Anti-i cold agglutinins in choriocarcinomatosis: trophoblastic i antigen.
AB  - The fetal antigen i has been demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence on cord
      erythrocytes and placental trophoblast. A patient with disseminated
      choriocarcinoma developed high-tire anti-i cold agglutinins, and minor elevation
      of anti-i titres was seen in four out of six further patients with treated
      choriocarcinoma. In normal pregnant women, 6% showed similar increases in anti-i
      titres.

PMID- 381332
TI  - Malakoplakia of the prostate: a report of two cases and a review of the
      literature.
AB  - Two cases of malakoplakia of the prostate are documented, bringing the total
      described in the world literature to 15. This literature is reviewed, and typical
      features of the condition are established. The majority of the cases have had
      proven previous episodes of Escherichia coli infection of the urinary tract, but
      bacilliform organisms have yet to be demonstrated in the diseased prostatic
      tissue. Five of the reported cases have also had important additional disease,
      including three instances of malignant lung tumour. Finally, it is emphasised
      that recognition of prostatic malakoplakia as an entity will prevent its
      confusion with prostatic carcinoma.

PMID- 381331
TI  - A comparison of three tests for rubella antibody screening.
AB  - Sera from 1000 women attending antenatal clinics were screened for the presence
      of rubella antibody by haemagglutination inhibition (HI), single radial
      haemolysis (SRH), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). With 925 sera
      concordant results were obtained with all three tests. There were 46 false
      negative HI tests due to the necessity of allowing for residual non-specific
      inhibitors. With SRH there was one false positive and three that were negative by
      SRH but HI- and ELISA-positive. By ELISA 14 sera gave a false-positive result (OD
      405 nm greater than or equal to 0.2). Ten of these could be eliminated by taking
      an OD 405 nm of 0.5 as the threshold but then another 10 sera became false
      negatives.

PMID- 381333
TI  - Local tetracycline delivery using hollow fiber devices in periodontal therapy.

PMID- 381334
TI  - Analgesic effects of hydroxyzine compared to morphine in man.

PMID- 381335
TI  - Members of the Colorado Dental Association. May, 1977.

PMID- 381336
TI  - An articulation disorder in 17th-century Germany.
AB  - Apical trill was regarded as the correct pronunciation of R in 17th-century
      German, but malarticulations of this difficult sound were widespread. Two of the
      most common substitutions were the uvular trill and L. The first was satirically
      described in a novel by Christian Weise (1673), while Rosinus Lentilius (1698), a
      physician, dealt with the L-substitution in a more scholarly but no less humorous
      manner. Annotated translations of these texts are presented here along with an
      introduction. The study suggests there may be more to the earlier history of
      speech disorders than is generally supposed.

PMID- 381338
TI  - John Alexander Milne.

PMID- 381337
TI  - A proposed network to improve access to high-quality health care for Medicaid
      eligible families.
AB  - There is today both a need and an opportunity to develop and test a variety of
      models--organizational and financial--for improving the delivery of health care
      services. This article describes the structure and functioning of one such model
      and highlights the organizational problems expected to arise during its
      implementation. The proposed health plan is intended to facilitate the access of
      Medicaid-eligible, inner-city families to already available health services. The
      central hypothesis is that in low-income urban areas the elementary schools offer
      an organizational focus for the development of a health plan. As a prepaid,
      community-based model, this plan is designed to address the issues of
      accessibility, equity, accountability, continuity of care, and consumer
      participation, primarily through the development of a coordinating agency, the
      health plan office (HPO), which assures the linking of consumers and providers of
      health care. Adapted from the Kaiser-Permanente model, the HPO also assumes
      responsibility for marketing, enrollment, coordination of services, consumer
      advocacy, and quality surveillance.

PMID- 381339
TI  - Biosynthesis and secretion of milk proteins: a review.
AB  - Recent years have seen a great increase in the knowledge and understanding of
      milk proteins. Arising from several origins including the blood stream and
      various cellular sources, many of the proteins found in milk are products of the
      secretory cells directly involved in the synthesis and secretion processes of
      various milk components. The lactation-specific proteins present in major amounts
      are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) under genetic control
      and undergo further post-translational modifications in their secretory route
      from the RER through the Golgi apparatus and secretory vesicles before ejection
      into the lumen with other milk components. Various molecular aspects of these
      mechanisms and their control are now understood, but many remain to be described.

PMID- 381340
TI  - Hemodiafiltration using readily available equipment.
AB  - Hemodiafiltration as a blood purification method is a combination of hemodialysis
      and hemofiltration. With this procedure low molecular substances are
      predominantly cleared by diffusion while middle molecules are cleared mainly by
      convection. This report shows how hemodiafiltration can be done using readily
      available equipment: a regular dialysis machine, an "open membrane" and the
      COTRAL device. Treatment could be reduced to about 2/3 of dialysis time. With a
      TMP of 600 mmHg a filtration rate of 60 - 70 ml/min at a blood flow of 200 ml/min
      and a dialysate flow rate of 500 ml/min the following. Clearance values were
      obtained: Urea 140 ml/min, creatinine 128 ml/min and inulin 76 ml/min. Increasing
      the blood flow to 300 ml/min and dialysate flow to 1000 ml/min clearances were:
      urea 192 ml/min, creatinine 161 ml/min and inulin 91 ml/min. During a 3.5 hour
      treatment period max. 92.4 urea and 6.3 g creatinine and 36 mg B2 microglobulin
      were extracted. In our opinion this in our hand advantageous procedure deserves
      further study.

PMID- 381341
TI  - Hemodynamics during hemodialysis, sequential ultrafiltration and hemofiltration.
AB  - Circulatory parameters were determined by cardiac catheterization in patients on
      maintenance hemodialysis. They were studied in three groups during conventional
      hemodialysis, sequential ultrafiltration and hemofiltration. All three groups
      revealed significant reduction of cardiac output, stroke volume, pulmonary artery
      pressure and plasma volume. In the hemodialysis group hemodynamic parameters were
      unstable; specifically, hypotension, increased heart rate, and only minimal
      increase of peripheral resistance were observed. The other two groups showed only
      minor changes in circulatory parameters despite high ultrafiltration rates. Blood
      pressure and heart rate remained stable. On the other hand, peripheral vascular
      resistance increased remarkably. There is compelling evidence that during
      hemofiltration and sequential ultrafiltration, the patient's ability for
      vasoconstrictive counterregulation is better maintained than during conventional
      hemodialysis.

PMID- 381342
TI  - Modification of etching patterns in bovine dental enamel.
AB  - It is presumed that the etching pattern is controlled by the residual organic
      content of dental enamel. Pretreatment with 1.ON NaOH sould remove the organic
      material and modify the etching pattern. SEM studies and other tests for physical
      and chemical properties show that the predicted modification of the etching
      pattern, when the tooth surface is pretreated with NaOH solution, occurs
      apparently without other changes or properties.

PMID- 381343
TI  - Cross-reaction between skin and skin streptococcus pyogenes antigens.

PMID- 381344
TI  - [Precision retainers].

PMID- 381345
TI  - Generalized discoid lupus erythematosus with benign monoclonal gammopathy.

PMID- 381346
TI  - Atrichia with papular lesions associated with gastrointestinal polyposis.

PMID- 381347
TI  - Anti-DNA antibody of various skin diseases, especially of systemic lupus
      erythematosus.

PMID- 381348
TI  - Cutaneous alternariosis.

PMID- 381349
TI  - Erythema elevatum diutinum developing squamous cell carcinoma.

PMID- 381350
TI  - Reflection ultraviolet photography in dermatology. Part 1: equipment.

PMID- 381352
TI  - Immunopathological studies on psoriasis.

PMID- 381351
TI  - Reflection ultraviolet photography in dermatology. Part 2: photography of skin
      lesions.

PMID- 381353
TI  - The presidents. Jonathan Taft. 1868-1869.

PMID- 381354
TI  - Continuing education: does it affect the practice of dentistry?

PMID- 381355
TI  - Overview of alcoholism.
AB  - Dental practitioners should gain an understanding of the effects of alcohol in
      both nonalcoholic patients (about a third of whom can be expected to show minor
      alcohol-related problems) and in the 10% to 25% of their patients who have such
      severe alcohol problems that they could be labeled alcoholic. Although alcoholism
      can be a loosely applied term, it is possible to use fairly rigorous criteria to
      identify the primary alcoholic and, with resulting insight, to outline the
      probable future course of problems. Alcoholism can be viewed as a disease with a
      natural history that is somewhat predictable. Its causes probably consist of a
      variety of social and psychological factors; evidence for a genetic contribution
      has been fairly established. Once the alcoholic is identified, dental problems
      should be treated, but referral to an agency for treatment should also be
      seriously considered. Such rehabilitation programs offer general support and
      helping mechanisms to aid the alcoholic to achieve improved functioning in life.

PMID- 381357
TI  - Dr. Coady appointed executive director by Board of Trustees.

PMID- 381358
TI  - Dr. Percy Phillips, first Association speaker and past president, dies at 81.

PMID- 381356
TI  - Review of pharmacologic and toxicologic effects of alcohol.
AB  - Oral neglect and dental diseases are common; consumption of alcohol is common. To
      appreciate the frequency of alcoholism, the dental specialist must recognize that
      no persons will seek attention for alcoholism. Suspicion of alcohol related
      dental disease is the key. Heavy smoking, malnutrition, bleeding gingiva, cancer
      of the head and neck, and enlargement of the parotid glands should all raise a
      question of alcoholism. Alcohol affects most organ systems, but toxicity is
      extremely variable. Single organ systems may be severely damaged whereas others
      are spared. Current evidence suggests that variations on the total amount of
      alcohol consumed and genetic variations in specific pathways may contribute to
      the multifaceted clinical presentations of alcoholism. Because alcohol is the
      single most common drug ingested by patients, common interactions of drugs that
      have dental significance should be suspect. Most commonly, these interactions
      involve anesthetic agents and sedative hypnotic drugs. Dental specialists may
      encounter alcoholic persons in intoxicated, withdrawing, or rehabilitating
      states. In any of these phases, appropriate recognition and judicious support of
      the dental problems will contribute to the overall well-being of these persons.

PMID- 381359
TI  - Health science on stamps.

PMID- 381360
TI  - Induction of hyporesponsiveness to particulate antigen by feeding: the sequence
      of immunologic response to fed antigen.
AB  - The sequence of immunologic response to feeding with particulate antigen (sheep
      red blood cell, SRVC) was studied in inbred Dark Agouti (DA) rats. Feeding of
      SRBC to rats led to systemic sensitization as demonstrated by the presence of
      agglutinating and hemolytic antibodies to SRBC in sera. These humoral responses
      as well as the number of specific plaque-forming cells (PFCs) to SRBC in the
      spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of these animals could be boostered by the
      intravenous administration of SRBC during the early stages of feeding. With
      prolongation of feeding both hemolytic and agglutinating antibodies in sera
      dropped below presensitization levels. In addition, upon parenteral challenge
      with SRBC the number of PFCs to SRBC and the humoral antibody responses elicited
      in SRBC-fed rats were found to be significantly lower than those of controls.
      Antigen-reactive cells, however, were not completely abolished even after 10 wk
      of feeding. The results demonstrate that a diminished responsiveness to
      particulate antigen achieved by prolonged feeding is preceded by a state of
      immunity and is not absolute. The mechanism underlying the phenomenon remains to
      be elucidated.

PMID- 381361
TI  - Listing of presidents of state, regional, and local allergy societies as of
      January, 1979.

PMID- 381362
TI  - Nutritional support for hospitalized patients: how do we cope? How should we
      cope?

PMID- 381363
TI  - Appropriateness of vitamin and mineral prescription orders for residents of
      health related facilities.
AB  - A study was made of the medical charts of 433 elderly patients admitted to four
      Health Related Facilities in upper New York State, to determine whether the
      respective prescription orders for vitamins and minerals were appropriate to the
      given diagnoses and, if not, identify the variables correlated with
      inappropriateness. For 11.1 percent of the patients, vitamins or minerals were
      prescribed when there was no specific diagnostic indication, or they were not
      prescribed when the medical diagnosis indicated that they should have been. Women
      and medicaid patients were more likely than men and self-paying patients to be
      treated inappropriately with respect to vitamins and minerals, but the
      differences were not satistically significant.

PMID- 381364
TI  - An expanded role for nurses: systematic assessment of renal transplant
      recipients.

PMID- 381365
TI  - The recent exchange of opinions.

PMID- 381367
TI  - Current publications in gerontology and geriatrics.

PMID- 381366
TI  - An in vivo and in vitro study of an aging-related neuron cytoplasmic-binding
      antibody in male Fischer rats.
AB  - Fischer 344 male rats showed a low average level (less than ++) of in vivo as
      well as in vitro neuron binding antibody at 3, 15, and 26 months. However, a
      significant increase with age in average intensity of binding was observed with
      both the in vivo and the in vitro conditions. If a criterion of ++ is used as an
      antibody binding level likely to have biological consequences, the percent of in
      vivo cases showing foci of ++ or greater intensity also rises with age from 20 to
      80%; a criterion of +++ gives an in vivo rise with age of only from 10 to 20%.
      The in vitro incidence with the ++ criterion is already 80% at three months and
      rises to 90%; with the +++ criterion the incidence with age rises from 20 to 80%.
      No evidence was obtained to support the concept that there is a weakening of the
      blood-brain-barrier in 26 month rats either by the systemic injection of trypan
      blue or by a comparison of intensity of antibody binding between extra- and intra
      barrier neurones.

PMID- 381368
TI  - [The present state of hormonal investigation in amenorrhoea (author's transl)].
AB  - The value or plasma radio-immune assays of steroid and pituitary hormones in
      amenorrhoea is discussed. The accent is placed on the need for repeated plasma
      sampling. Dynamic tests aimed at investigating the hypothalamo-hypophysial
      ovarian axes are analysed. A proposal is put forward for a scheme of
      investigation that will make better use of these tests.

PMID- 381369
TI  - [Combined hydramnios with fetal ascites due to intra-uterine meconium peritonitis
      (authors' transl)].
AB  - It is possible with echotomography to make out fetal ascites in the last months
      of pregnancy. One of the causes of combined fetal ascites and hydramnios among
      several other possible ones is primary meconium peritonitis, which diagnosis can
      be confirmed after birth.

PMID- 381370
TI  - Deep fasciitis of the biceps region.
AB  - An infection of the biceps fascia, later myositis, and spreading to the
      pectoralis is described in six patients. The majority were synergistic infections
      with an anaerobic Peptococcus, Eikenella, or Bacteroides and an aerobic
      Streptococcus. Five of the patients were drug abusers. Excision of the biceps and
      portions of the pectoralis major was necessary in four patients.

PMID- 381371
TI  - Dominant lethal gene test of 5-thio-D-glucose in male mice.
AB  - Genetic effects of 5-thio-D-glucose (5-thio) were tested in male mice by the
      dominant lethal gene test. Males were treated with phosphate buffered saline
      (PBS) or 5-thio dissolved in PBS by oral intubation daily at 40 or 60 mg/kg for 7
      or 35 successive days. Average implantations per pregnant female and the
      intrauterine postimplantation losses in females mated with 5-thio trated males
      did not show any significant differences when compared statistically with
      parallel controls. Furthermore, the compound had no effect on the appearance and
      mating behavior of the male mice. This is the first report on the genetic effects
      of 5-thio to show that the compound in the treatment regimens studied were not
      mutagenic in terms of the induction of dominant lethal mutation in male mice.

PMID- 381372
TI  - Infantile syphilis as an example of nineteenth century belief in the inheritance
      of acquired characteristics.

PMID- 381373
TI  - The renaissance of bloodletting: a chapter in modern therapeutics.

PMID- 381374
TI  - Theodor Eimer and orthogenesis: evolution by 'definitely directed variation'.

PMID- 381375
TI  - The symptom of crocodile tears. F. A. Bogorad. Introduction and translation by
      Austin Seckersen.

PMID- 381376
TI  - Doublures of character. New Haven, Yale Medical Library, Clements C. Fry
      Collection.

PMID- 381377
TI  - Wilhelm Ten Rhyne's De acupunctura: an 1826 translation.

PMID- 381378
TI  - Edward Jenner, William Woodville, and the origins of vaccinia virus.

PMID- 381379
TI  - Sleep of reason: John P. Gray and the challenge of moral insanity.

PMID- 381380
TI  - Is acedia melancholy? A re-examination of this question in the light of Fra
      Battista da Crema's Della cognitione et vittoria di se stesso (1531).

PMID- 381381
TI  - John Jone's Mysteries of Opium Reveal'd (1701): key to historical opiates.

PMID- 381382
TI  - Some early Greek heroes of medicine; the training of surgeons and some post
      Hunterian schools of surgery.

PMID- 381383
TI  - Modern nursing. An etching by John Kay, 1796.

PMID- 381384
TI  - William Beanes, M.D. (1749--1829) AND 'The Star-Spangled Banner'.

PMID- 381509
TI  - Cellular localization of hog pepsinogens.

PMID- 381510
TI  - Quantitative relationships of the harmful effect of ionizing radiation on natural
      resistance of the organism to various infectious agents. Review of literature.
AB  - On the basis of an analysis of data from the literature and our own experimental
      results, the conclusion can be drawn that there is inverse linear dependence
      between the dose of irradiation and natural resistance of the organism to
      infection with various infectious agents. With increasing doses of irradiation,
      the irradiated organism is exposed to greatest risk from the part of the agents
      of intestinal infections and representatives of normal microflora. These are
      followed by agents of various diseases of microbial nature. The least decrease
      can be observed in resistance to viruses.

PMID- 381511
TI  - Comparison of titration results of diphtheric antitoxic antibodies obtained by
      means of Jensen's method and the methods of tissue cultures and
      haemagglutination.
AB  - In 33 human sera the determination of diphtheric antitoxic antibodies was
      performed in a double blind test using Jensen's method, the method of tissue
      cultures and the haemagglutination method. In the method of tissue cultures the
      antibody levels in the sera were determinated in the first and second experiment
      with the precision of +/- half dilution of the geometrical progression. In
      Jensen's method, the difference between the first and second measurements
      slightly exceeded +/- 1 dilution. In the haemagglutination method the error
      considerably exceeded the binary step dilution. In most cases, the determination
      fluctuated up to seven times the actual value. Differences among the mean values
      of examination results obtained by Jensen's method and the method of the tissue
      cultures are statistically insignificant. The differences between the
      haemagglutination method and both the other methods are statistically
      significant.

PMID- 381512
TI  - Rapid diagnosis of tick - borne encephalitis by immunofluorescence assay of
      specific serum IgM antibodies.
AB  - The indirect IF technique, using suspensions of TBE virus infected and uninfected
      PS cells as antigen-containing substrate, furnishes a rapid and practical test
      making possible the detection of specific IgM class serum antibodies in the
      initial stage of clinically manifest TBE. It enables early confirmation of
      diagnosis already in the acute phase of the disease and thus it can be
      instrumental in differential diagnosis and rational therapy, e.g., the
      administration of specific hyperimmune gamma-globulin.

PMID- 381513
TI  - Characterization of a spontaneous murine B cell leukemia (BCL1). II. Tumor cell
      proliferation and IgM secretion after stimulation by LPS.
AB  - A spontaneous BALB/c B lymphocyte leukemia could be stimulated in vitro by the
      polyclonal B cell activator lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the conditions for
      activation were studied. Spleen cells or peripheral blood lymphocytes from tumor
      bearing animals responded by increased DNA synthesis and the peak of activation
      occurred earlier than with normal mouse spleen cells. Tumor cells harvested from
      the spleen, but not from the peripheral blood, could be induced by LPS to secrete
      IgM. Direct demonstration that the response was due to tumor cell activation and
      not that of contaminating normal B lymphocytes was provided by karyotype analysis
      and by immunoprecipitation, which showed the restriction of light chains on
      secreted IgM molecules to the lambda isotype.

PMID- 381514
TI  - Macromolecular insoluble cold globulin (MICG): a novel protein from mouse
      lymphocytes. IV. Evidence for the plasma membrane distribution of MICG.
AB  - Macromolecular insoluble cold globulin is a glycoprotein synthesized
      predominantly by T lymphocytes in the mouse. The present report details
      experiments demonstrating the plasma membrane distribution of MICG on T
      lymphocytes. By utilizing immunofluorescent techniques it was shown that MICG was
      located in the external cell surface of 98% of thymic lymphocytes and 60% of
      splenic lymphocytes. Furthermore, in spleen cells, it was demonstrated that T
      cells and not B cells were surface MICG positive. Antibody to MICG was able to
      cap all of the immunofluorescent-positive (60%) spleen cells. In contrast, anti
      MICG antibody did not induce cap formation on thymus cells. Only when dilute
      solutions of antibody were used did MICG cap on the thymus cells. Employing
      limited proteolysis of thymus and spleen cells MICG was shown to be regenerated
      on the surface of T cells with a half-life of 3.5 hr. The distribution and cell
      surface characteristics of MICG are discussed in terms of a "receptor-like"
      function for this protein.

PMID- 381515
TI  - Demonstration of phosphorylcholine-specific IgE B cells in CBA/N mice.
AB  - CBA/N mice, which did not make anti-PC IgM or IgG antibody against PC-conjugated
      T-dependent or T-independent antigens, produced IgE antibody to PC-determinant
      when they were immunized with PC-KLH. PC-specificity of IgE antibody produced in
      CBA/N mice was determined by inhibition of PCA reaction with free PC-hapten or C
      polysaccharide or by absorption of reaginic activity in the serum with C
      polysaccharide. The presence of T15 idiotype on anti-PC IgE antibody produced in
      CBA/N x BALB/c F1 males also showed that anti-PC IgE antibody in defective mice
      was PC-specific. The results suggest that PC-specific B epsilon cells may belong
      to a subpopulation distinct from PC-specific precursors for IgM and IgG
      responses.

PMID- 381516
TI  - Structural similarities between C6 and C7 of human complement.
AB  - A new method for the isolation of C6 and C7 by affinity chromatography of human
      serum with anti-C6 and anti-C7 coupled to Sepharose is described. C6 and C7
      prepared by this method are hemolytically fully active, homogeneous proteins
      obtained in 25% yield. A comparison of the properties of isolated C6 and C7 gave
      the following results: The amino acid composition of the two proteins is very
      similar. The m.w. calculated from the amino acid content is 124,800 for C6 and
      120,800 for C7. Both components are single chain glycoproteins migrating upon
      electrophoresis at pH 8.6 as beta 2-globulins, Both proteins are polymorphic as
      detected by isoelectrofocusing in polyacrylamide gels and range in their
      isoelectric points from pH 6.15 to 6.7. The UV spectra reveal only minor
      differences; the extinction coefficients are: EC6 = 1.71 cm2 X mg-1 and EC7 =
      1.92 cm2 X mg-1. CD-spectra show 8% alpha-helix and 10% beta-structure for C6 and
      10% alpha-helix and 14% beta-structure for C7. The structural similarities of C6
      and C7 suggest their evolution from a common ancestral gene.

PMID- 381517
TI  - C3 deposition in cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits: a possible
      etiologic role for complement in atherogenesis.
AB  - Hypercholesterolemia was induced in rabbits by feeding Purina Chow supplemented
      with cholesterol (5 g/kg body weight/day). The serum cholesterol levels of these
      rabbits increased progressively and after 3 to 5 months were 4 to 9-fold greater
      than those of the control animals. Decrease in total hemolytic complement was not
      apparent during the feeding regimen. Morphologic examination of aortae of these
      hypercholesterolemic rabbits showed typical atherosclerotic intimal plaques.
      Immunofluorescent microscopy with fluorescein (F)-labeled anti-rabbit C3 showed
      deposition of C3 in the intimal and inner medial layers as early as 3 months on
      high cholesterol diet. C3 deposits were also observed in the renal glomeruli and
      in the walls of coronary arteries. However, fluorescent studies failed to
      demonstrate the presence of IgG, IgM, and C4 at these sites. Tissues from control
      animals fed normal diets were negative for immunoglobulins, C3, and C4. These
      results suggest that the complement system may be implicated in the pathogenesis
      of cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits.

PMID- 381518
TI  - Role of lipids in the immune response. II. An enhancer of antibody production
      (APS) that is a lipid closely associated with lymphocyte mitogenic factor (LMF).
AB  - Lymphocyte mitogenic factor (LMF) is a lymphokine produced by dividing T cells.
      An activity coeluting with LMF from a Sephadex resin is extractable from LMF with
      chloroform-methanol. It enhances but does not initiate antibody formation
      measured by generation of plaque-forming cells (PFC). It does not cause
      proliferation of B cells. This activity elutes from a silicic acid column and
      produces a pattern on thin layer chromatography that suggests that the
      compound(s) responsible for the activity is a polar lipid.

PMID- 381519
TI  - The pathology and homing of a transplantable murine B cell leukemia (BCL1).
AB  - The pathology and homing characteristics of a murine B cell leukemia are
      described. Experiments utilizing autoradiography to determine the early homing
      pattern of the leukemic cells revealed a pronounced localization of the labeled
      cells to the spleen. The cells that were seen in the white pulp showed
      preferential localization to the follicles or B cell domains. Tissue section
      immunofluorescence with antibodies to kappa- and lambda-light chains was used to
      study the initial mouse with this disease as well as to study the mice that were
      injected with in vivo passaged cells. These mice also showed predominant
      involvement of the spleen. Although the initial mouse with this disease had
      200,000 lambda-bearing B lymphocytes per mm3 in the peripheral blood and closely
      resembled a human chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient, the studies described
      suggest that this murine B cell neoplasm is a lymphoma with a striking
      predilection for splenic involvement. The other organs including the bone marrow
      as well as the peripheral blood appeared to be involved secondarily. This unusual
      spontaneously occurring murine B cell disease provides a useful model for the
      investigation of certain commonly occurring human lymphomas and leukemias.

PMID- 381520
TI  - Markers of human T cell subsets identified by alloantisera.
AB  - Analysis by the indirect fluorescence test followed by fluorescence-activated
      cell sorter (FACS) analysis has shown that antisera recognizing subsets of human
      T lymphocytes can be produced by planned immunizations involving HLA-A and HLA-B
      compatible donors. The reactivity of these antisera against some individuals of a
      population but not others shows that they recognize a polymorphic cell surface
      component. The reactive subpopulation largely overlaps with the JRA+ subset,
      which was previously shown to possess regulatory properties in functional assays.
      The specificity of the antisera for a T cell subset and the unrelatedness of the
      anti-B cell activity of the same antisera has been confirmed by two-color
      fluorescence tests.

PMID- 381521
TI  - Activation of human B lymphocytes. XIII. Characterization of multiple populations
      of naturally occurring immunoregulatory cells of polyclonally induced in vitro
      human B cell function.

PMID- 381522
TI  - Immunity to the T1699 murine mammary tumor. I. Thymic influence and long-term
      effect of irradiation on the humoral response.
AB  - The thymus dependency of humoral immunity to syngeneic tumor antigens was
      investigated in T cell-deficient DBA/2 mice. ATXBM animals bearing the T1699
      mammary tumor in the subcutaneous abdominal area displayed normal immediate but
      not delayed hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) to 3 M KCl-extracted T1699 antigens
      injected into the footpad. Sera from ATXBM tumor-bearers passively transferred
      immediate hypersensitivity but failed to support tumor-specific macrophage
      mediated ADCC reactions. The synthesis of macrophage-mediated ADCC antibody was
      greatly reduced in the CXBM animals when compared to nonirradiated tumor-bearers.
      The CXBM mice, however, showed normal T cell function as measured by allograft
      rejection, antibody response to sheep erythrocytes, and DHR to T1699 antigens. Of
      all antibody classes and subclasses tested by indirect membrane fluorescence,
      only IgG2b was found to be produced at normal levels by either ATXBM or CXBM
      tumor-bearers. The results show that IgG2b antibody production in response to
      T1699 syngeneic tumor antigens is thymus independent and suggest that this
      antibody is the mediator of immediate hypersensitivity. The synthesis of
      macrophage-mediated ADCC antibody (IgG2a) was found to be not only thymus
      dependent but also sensitive to the long-term effects of irradiation and bone
      marrow repopulation.

PMID- 381523
TI  - A simple technique for harvesting lymphocytes cultured in Terasaki plates.
AB  - A simple method has been developed for harvesting lymphocytes from Terasaki
      microplates based on a culture technique where the plates are inverted and the
      cells grown on the hanging meniscus of the medium in each well. Sixty individual
      filter discs were prepared in wells in a polycarbonate harvesting plate. A dry
      Terasaki plate was used to cut these filters with the harvester acting as a die.
      The inverted culture plate was then lowered onto the harvester to allow the cells
      on the meniscus from each well to be absorbed on the appropriate filter disc. The
      culture plate was then discarded and the cells on the filters washed in the
      harvester. The wash solutions were removed by suction through holes below each
      filter. The time taken to harvest the cultures from 60 wells of a plate was 3--5
      min.

PMID- 381524
TI  - Antilymphocyte serum produced by immunization with purified mouse thymocyte
      plasma membrane.
AB  - A predominantly plasma membrane fraction was isolated from mouse thymocytes and
      characterised. Immunization of rabbits with this material yielded highly potent
      antilymphocyte sera as measured by prolongation of skin allograft survival.
      Potency was maintained after repeated boosting of the rabbits, yet the generation
      of irrelevant antibodies was contained. Binding of antilymphocyte sera to
      lymphocytes was studied by immunofluorescence using the analytical facility of a
      fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS-1). The results demonstrated that these
      anti-membrane sera recognise antigens common to thymocytes and spleen
      lymphocytes, bind more to T-cells and thymocytes than to B-cells and bind more
      avidly than antisera raised with intact cells. It was concluded that this
      thymocyte plasma membrane preparation is highly effective in raising powerful
      antilymphocyte serum.

PMID- 381525
TI  - Preparation of sera for subtyping of influenza A viruses by immunofluorescence.
AB  - The conditions for preparation of type-specific and subtype-specific influenza A
      virus reagents to be used in the immunofluorescence technique have been
      evaluated. Type A-specific antibodies were prepared by passing an antivirion
      hyperimmune serum through an immunoadsorbent column containing antigens from
      disrupted virions of a different influenza A virus subtype. The type-specific
      antibodies were recovered from the immunoadsorbent by desorption with 3 M NaI.
      For subtype determination, antisera against the various hemagglutinins were used.
      Such sera could be prepared by removal of irrelevant influenza A virus antibodies
      from sera directed against purified virions and isolated peplomers, respectively.
      This was performed by passing the antisera through immunoadsorbent columns
      containing antigens from disrupted virions of appropriate strains. However,
      attempts to obtain a hemagglutin-specific antiserum from a serum directed against
      allantoic fluid virus suspension failed with this procedure. Antisera obtained
      after immunization with purified hemagglutinin were also elaborated. These sera
      were shown to be superior for subtyping of influenza A virus infections by
      immunofluorescence, but could not a priori be regarded as subtype-specific. The
      usefulness of subtype-specific sera has been demonstrated on clinical specimens
      for rapid virus diagnosis.

PMID- 381526
TI  - IgA contamination of IgG prepared on a protein A column.
AB  - When protein A is used for the isolation of IgG from pooled human serum further
      purification steps may be necessary since the IgG is contaminated with
      approximately 30% of the IgA originally present in the starting material. No
      preference for binding of an IgA subclass to protein A was found. In addition
      part of the IgG3 subclass binds to protein A.

PMID- 381527
TI  - Fungus isolations from sputum.

PMID- 381528
TI  - Novel enzyme immunoassay for 17 beta-estradiol.
AB  - A novel approach to the enzyme immunoassay of analytes is presented and
      illustrated by demonstration of an estradiol assay. The assay depends on the
      competitive binding of estradiol and estradiol-DNP conjugate to immobilized anti
      estradiol. The amount of estradiol-DNP bound is inversely proportional to the
      amount of free estradiol, and is measured through the use of peroxidase-labeled
      anti-DNP antibodies. The assay gives a dose-response curve from 10 pg/tube to 450
      pg/tube and shows satisfactory correlation with radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 381529
TI  - Detection of antibodies specific to sodium dodecyl sulfate-treated proteins.
AB  - Heavy meromyosin (HMM) denatured by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was injected
      into guinea pigs, either in the presence of 1 mg SDS/mg protein or after
      chromatography on Sephadex G-10 to remove detergent excess. Antigen-antibody
      interactions were analyzed by the microcomplement fixation technique. When HMM
      was injected in the presence of excess of SDS, the microcomplement fixation
      curves exhibited two maxima; one was specific to the random coil configuration of
      heavy meromyosin or myosin, and the other was common to several SDS-protein
      complexes. The latter peak disappeared when the excess SDS was removed from the
      immunogen by chromatography. Results showed the presence of antibodies directed
      either against SDS or against the non-specific SDS protein link.

PMID- 381531
TI  - Demonstration of IgM receptors on human peripheral blood monocytes using a direct
      plaque forming cell (PFC) assay.

PMID- 381530
TI  - Delineation of IgM-receptor bearing human T and B lymphocytes using a direct
      plaque forming cell (PFC) assay.
AB  - Based on the observation that binding of IgM cytophilic antibodies to lymphocytes
      is temperature dependent, a direct plaque forming cell (PFC) assay was developed
      to detect IgM-receptor bearing human peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes.
      Lymphocytes were passively sensitized with IgM anti-SRBC molecules at 4 degrees
      C, added to SRBC monolayers then incubated at 37 degrees C with guinea pig
      complement to develop the plaques. The PFC assay has methodological advantages
      over rosetting methods which demonstrate IgM receptors, and under certain
      conditions is more sensitive than these rosette techniques. A mean of 17% of
      freshly isolated uncultured lymphocytes, enriched for B cells, formed direct
      plaques while a mean of 3% of T-enriched preparations formed direct plaques.
      However, if the lymphocytes were preincubated with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase
      (VCN) these figures increased to 46% and 35% respectively. The specificity of
      plaque formation by VCN-treated lymphocytes was established. SRBC sensitized with
      a F(ab')2 preparation of an IgG anti-SRBC reagent failed to bind to VCN-treated
      lymphocytes, inclusion of IgM, but not other Ig molecules in the test medium,
      inhibited plaque formation, and, most important, plaque formation by T and B
      cells was inhibited by F(c)5 mu but not by Fab mu fragments. These results
      indicate that T and B lymphocytes express IgM-class specific membrane receptors,
      that these receptors may be hidden on normal lymphocytes but are revealed by
      treatment with VCN and that the IgM receptor on VCN-treated lymphocytes is F(c)mu
      specific. These findings are discussed briefly with regard to other and partly
      contradictory data obtained after overnight in vitro lymphocyte culture. As
      demonstrated by direct PFC assay, the B cell IgM receptor is trypsin sensitive.

PMID- 381533
TI  - [From lung transplantation to tracheoplasty and bronchoplasty].

PMID- 381532
TI  - 6-Thioguanine resistant peripheral blood lymphocytes in humans following
      psoralen, long-wave ultraviolet light (PUVA) therapy.
AB  - A recently described method that enumerates variant 6-thioguanine resistant
      peripheral blood lymphocytes present in vivo in man as a potential marker of
      somatic cell mutations occurring in vivo was used to study 18 psoriatic patients
      receiving PUVA therapy, 16 conventinally treated psoriatic patients, 10 vitiligo
      patients receiving PUVA therapy and 7 untreated individuals with vitiligo.
      Variant lymphocyte frequencies determined for these individuals were compared
      with those determined for groups of 10 concurrent and 63 cumulative healthy
      control individuals. Variant frequencies were elevated in psoriatic and vitiligo
      patients receiving PUVA therapy and in conventionally-treated psoriatic patients.
      They were not elevated over control values in untreated vitiligo patients.

PMID- 381534
TI  - [BCG immunotherapy in lung neoplasms following surgery--evaluation by randomized
      clinical study].

PMID- 381535
TI  - [Immunologic capacity of cancer patients and BCG-CSW immunotherapy].

PMID- 381536
TI  - [Valvuloplasty by suturing the entire annulus and the follow-up results].

PMID- 381537
TI  - [Bronchoplasty with special reference to suture technics and postoperative
      management].

PMID- 381538
TI  - [Tracheo-bronchoplasty, with special reference to suture technics and
      postoperative management].

PMID- 381539
TI  - [Bronchoplasty, with special reference to suture technics and postoperative
      management].

PMID- 381540
TI  - [Bronchoplasty, with special reference to suture technics and postoperative
      management].

PMID- 381541
TI  - [Bronchoplasty, with special reference to suture technics and postoperative
      management].

PMID- 381542
TI  - [Otto Warburg: a biographical essay (author's transl)].

PMID- 381543
TI  - [Modern trends in biochemical studies of learning and memory (author's transl)].

PMID- 381544
TI  - [Correlation between changes of periodontal disease and quantity of gingival
      crevicular fluid (Part 1) (author's transl)].

PMID- 381545
TI  - [Experimental periodontitis induced by crown margin extension in dogs (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 381546
TI  - [The double blind test on the effect of chlorhexidine-gluconate containing
      mouthwashes on periodontal disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 381547
TI  - [Studies on the temporomandibular dysfunction (author's transl)].

PMID- 381549
TI  - [Evaluation of the dental handpiece].

PMID- 381548
TI  - [Indirect impression technic with a multi-layer hydrocolloid material].

PMID- 381550
TI  - Broox Cleveland Garrett, Jr., M.D., President 1978-1979.

PMID- 381552
TI  - Macomb District Dental Hygienists' Society 1977-1978 membership roster.

PMID- 381551
TI  - Macomb Dental Auxiliary 1977-1978 membership roster.

PMID- 381553
TI  - Macomb District Dental Society 1977-1978 membership roster.

PMID- 381554
TI  - Crown and bridge theory and practice.

PMID- 381556
TI  - Incorporation of the Ca2+ -binding component (g2) into heavy meromyosin and
      subfragment-1 of pig cardiac myosin.
AB  - A new protein component was found in heavy meromyosin and in subfragment-1 (S-1)
      prepared by chymotrypsin digestion of pig cardiac myosin in the presence of Ca2+.
      The molecular weight of this protein was estimated as 15,000 dalton. It was able
      to bind Ca2+ and showed a similar UV absorption spectrum to that of the g2 light
      chain. Heavy meromyosin and subfragment-1 which contained the 15,000 dalton
      component incorporated exogenous g2 and the 15,000 dalton component disappeared
      after such treatment. We concluded that the 15,000 dalton component was produced
      from g2 by limitted proteolysis. The subfragment-1 was separated into two protein
      fractions in equal yield by recycling the gel filtration. One contained the
      15,000 dalton component and was able to bind Ca2+ while the other did not contain
      the component and was unable to bind Ca2+. According to analysis by SDS gel
      electrophoresis, the large polypeptide chain (the f component) of the first S-1
      was approximately 5,000 dalton larger than the f component of the second S-1. The
      polypeptide corresponding to 5,000 dalton was designated polypeptide-C, because
      it was released from the C terminal of the f component. It seems to be essential
      for the attachment of the Ca2+-binding light chain g2. The location of g2 in
      myosin may thus be at the polypeptide-C which links the head to the tail of
      myosin.

PMID- 381555
TI  - Amoeboid movement in human leucocytes: basic mechanisms, cytobiological and
      clinical significance.
AB  - The present paper is an analytical review of the information available on
      amoeboid movement in human leucocytes. The reported evidence suggests that
      leucocyte locomotion is due to pressure developed in the cell cortex in the
      middle and posterior parts of the moving cell, that 4 nm fibrils may provide at
      least part of the ultrastructural basis of locomotion, that actin-like and myosin
      like proteins may be involved in the mechanism of movement and that ATP may serve
      as an energy source. Leucocyte motility appears to be governed mainly by factors
      produced in the external medium. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the most antitubulin
      susceptible cell mechanism known; from this observation an essential role of
      microtubule redistribution in chemotaxis is inferred. In contrast, the random
      movement of neutrophils is not appreciably affected by antimitotic concentrations
      of antitubulins. Amoeboid movement seems to be an important mechanism in the
      short-distance locomotion and immunological functions of leucocytes.

PMID- 381557
TI  - An introduction of the new MAG officers.

PMID- 381558
TI  - The president and his lady (Dr. and Mrs. Luther L. Hill).

PMID- 381559
TI  - Development and application of homologous radioimmunoassays for porcine
      gonadotrophins.
AB  - Antisera were raised against highly purified preparations of porcine luteinizing
      hormone (pLH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (pFSH). Highly specific and
      sensitive radioimmunoassay systems were developed. The antisera to LH and FSH
      were used at working dilutions of 1:500,000 and 1:200,000 respectively and the
      sensitivities of the assays were 0.1 ng LH/ml serum (3 x 10(-12) mol/l) and 0.5
      ng FSH/ml serum (1.5 x 10(-11) mol/l). The LH and FSH preparations used as
      standards were 1.2 and 81 times as potent as NIH-LH-S15 and NIH-FSH-P1
      respectively. Both assays were validated and adapted for the measurement of the
      gonadotrophin content of porcine serum. The concentrations of LH and FSH in blood
      were measured simultaneously in prepubertal sows throughout a 24 h period, in
      adult sows during the oestrous cycle and in both prepubertal and adult animals
      after treatment with LH releasing hormone.

PMID- 381561
TI  - Prolonged release by dioestrous rats of follicle-stimulating hormone during the
      period of ovulation induced by luteinizing hormone releasing hormone.

PMID- 381560
TI  - Suppression of the luteinizing hormone releasing effect of luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone by arginine-vasotocin.
AB  - The concentrations of 17-oxosteroids in the spermatic venous blood of
      anaesthetized dogs were used as an index of LH release to assess the effects of
      arginine-vasotocin on the response of the canine pituitary gland to exogenous
      luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH). When injected into the carotid
      artery, arginine-vasotocin (1.0 microgram/kg body wt) caused no significant
      alterations in the testicular output of 17-oxosteroids. The administration of LH
      RH (5 microgram/kg body wt, a standard dose) into the carotid artery produced
      typical stimulation of testicular 17-oxosteroid secretion. Administration of
      arginine-vasotocin (0.01, 0.1 or 1.0 microgram/kg body wt) into the carotid
      artery 3 h before the administration of a standard dose of LH-RH inhibited the
      testicular secretion of 17-oxosteroids normally induced by LH-RH. However,
      pretreatment with arginine-vasotocin (1.0 microgram/kg body wt) did not affect
      the testicular response to i.v. administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin
      (5 i.u./kg body wt). These results indicate that in the dog, arginine-vasotocin
      inhibits the LH-RH-induced release of LH by acting acting directly on the
      anterior pituitary gland.

PMID- 381562
TI  - Separate roles of androgen and oestrogen in the manipulation of growth and
      efficiency of food utilization in female rats.
AB  - The roles of androgen and oestrogen in the perinatal and postpubertal stages of
      development on the masculinization of female patterns of growth have been
      investigated in several experiments in rats. A stimulatory effect of testosterone
      on subsequent growth and efficiency of food utilization was only observed when
      administered perinatally to intact females as the propionate ester. Thus females
      which were untreated (or androgenized) perinatally and ovariectomized at weaning
      failed to grow more rapidly or utilize food more efficiently when treated with
      mixed testosterone esters from 36 to 38 days of age. Also autoimmunity to
      luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) had little effect on the growth or
      efficiency of food utilization of male rats, although testicular development was
      grossly affected. An inhibitory effect of oestrogen on subsequent growth and
      efficiency of food utilization was demonstrated by surgical ovariectomy and by
      autoimmunity to LH-RH. Also perinatal administration of oestradiol benzoate to
      intact female rats depressed growth below that of untreated intact litter-mate
      females until about 50 days of age. Then oestradiol benzoate-treated female rats
      grew to a larger size than untreated intact litter-mates but not to a heavier
      weight than untreated litter-mate females which like the oestradiol benzoate
      treated females, were ovariectomized at 18-21 days of age. Both of these groups
      of female rats differed markedly in weight gain from females which were
      perinatally androgenized and ovariectomized at weaning. The effects of
      androgenization and ovariectomy on weight gain were comparable and additive in
      female rats fed restrictedly or ad libitum. Nevertheless, androgenized +
      ovariectomized female rats fed restrictedly or ad libitum failed to grow as
      rapidly as male rats. Some additional factor(s) prevents complete masculinization
      of the female pattern of development. The stimulatory effects of androgenization
      and ovariectomy on the growth of females appear to be related to endocrine
      mechanisms controlling the onset of pubertal changes in somatic development.

PMID- 381563
TI  - A bioassay for inhibin using pituitary cell cultures.
AB  - A bioassay for inhibin based on the suppression of gonadotrophin releasing
      hormone (Gn-RH)-stimulated secretion of FSH by primary monolayer cultures of rat
      anterior pituitary cells is described. The cultures were exposed to standard or
      test materials for 3 days. The levels of FSH in the media were measured by
      radioimmunoassay after exposure for 6 h to a maximally stimulating concentration
      of Gn-RH (10 nmol/l). The standard was prepared from ovine testicular lymph.
      Several preparations of proteins from gonadal tissues or secretions suppressed
      the levels of FSH in parallel with the standard. The levels of LH were also
      reduced but higher doses of active material were required. Non-specificity from
      cell damage and inactivation of Gn-RH have been excluded. The secretion of
      gonadotrophins by the pituitary cells was also inhibited by androgens, but not in
      parallel with the standard and secretion of LH was affected more than that of
      FSH. Control lymph protein preparations from castrated sheep had no detectable
      activity. The assay was sensitive and had adequate precision and practicability.
      It has proved useful for monitoring preliminary steps in the purification of
      inhibin.

PMID- 381564
TI  - Acute regulation of insulin release by the pituitary gland in relation to
      hyperinsulinaemia and obesity.
AB  - The pituitary glands from mice rendered obese by gold thioglucose treatment and
      by dietary manipulation, and pituitary glands from lean mice after a high food
      intake or a glucose load, were shown to stimulate insulin secretion from isolated
      pancreatic islets. The insulin releasing activity of pituitary glands from obese
      (ob/ob) mice was reduced by fasting for 24 and 48 h. Results obtained with
      pituitary glands from ob/ob and from lean ob/+ and +/+ mice suggest that the
      insulin releasing property manifests a gene dosage effect. Pituitary glands from
      3-week-old (young) ob/ob mice stimulated insulin secretion to the same extent as
      pituitary glands from 3-month-old (adult) ob/ob mice. The pancreatic islets of
      young ob/ob mice were shown to be somewhat more responsive to stimulation by the
      pituitary factor than were lean ob/+ or +/+ islets from this age group. The
      concept that high insulin level, partly under pituitary control, and high caloric
      intake may be interlinked and may, in combination, be a major factor in producing
      obesity is discussed. Furthermore, it is suggested that the pituitary insulin
      releasing factor may play a role in the early development of obesity in the
      animal models studied.

PMID- 381565
TI  - Monitoring of serum theophylline concentrations by a fully mechanized enzyme
      immunoassay (EMIT).
AB  - An evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay for the determination of theophylline in
      serum (EMIT, Syva Corp.) is presented. The EMIT assay was fully mechanized by the
      use of an Eppendorf analyzer 5010. The precision of this enzyme immunoassay was
      satisfactory (coefficients of variation from day to day ranged from 5--6%). The
      EMIT assay proved to be specific, rapid and easy to perform. A comparison of the
      results obtained by EMIT and ultraviolet spectrophotometry in a series of 100
      patients showed a good correlation between both methods.

PMID- 381566
TI  - Evaluation of the manual enzyme immunoassay (EMIT) procedure for determination of
      serum thyroxine.
AB  - Our experience with the determination of thyroxine (T4) in serum using a
      homogeneous enzyme immunoassay technique (EMIT, Syva Corp.) is reported. The
      intra-assay precision of the EMIT Manual Thyroxine Assay was investigated with 2
      different calibrator concentrations and showed coefficients of variation varying
      from 5--2% for thyroxine concentrations of 40 and 120 micrograms/l thyroxine
      respectively. The inter-assay precision was investigated with different series of
      calibrators and serum specimens. Coefficients of variation for the calibrators
      varied from 35--5% in the range of 20--200 micrograms/l thyroxine and for the
      serum specimens in the range of 8--232 micrograms/l thyroxine from 50--4%. The
      recovery of various amounts of thyroxine added to thyroxine-free serum varied
      between 91--103%. The cross reactivity of structurally related compounds such as:
      monoiodothyronine, diiodothyronine, triiodothyronine, triiodothyroacetic acid and
      tetraiodothyroacetic acid was investigated. Serum samples of 100 patients were
      analysed by EMIT and radioimmunoassay (T4 RIA (PEG), Abbott Lab.). A good
      correlation was found between the EMIT and RIA assay (r = 0.96, slope = 0.96 and
      y-intercept = 3.37 micrograms/l).

PMID- 381567
TI  - Direct evidence for formation of hybrid vesicles by fusion of plasma and outer
      acrosomal membranes during the acrosome reaction in boar spermatozoa.
AB  - A variety of treatment procedures was utilized to identify the origin and
      composition of the vesicles formed during the acrosome reaction of boar
      spermatozoa. Whether the acrosome reaction occurred spontaneously or was induced
      chemically the vesicles were hybrid vesicles composed of roughly equal
      proportions of plasma and outer acrosomal membranes.

PMID- 381569
TI  - Regenerative responses in larval axolotl limbs with skin grafts over the
      amputation surface.
AB  - Complete flaps of whole skin over the amputation surface of larval axolotl limbs
      did not prevent dedifferentiation, DNA synthesis, and mitosis. However, even by
      two weeks, insufficient cell division had occurred for blastema formation. In
      about 50% of the cases, small areas of wound epidermis formed over the amputated
      tip of the radius or ulna. At two weeks after amputation, mitotic figures and
      dedifferentiated cells which incorporated H3-thymidine were predominantly located
      in the vicinity of the small area of wound epidermis. Although delayed in
      relation to controls, these limbs regenerated. The results are consistent with
      the view that the wound epidermis is necessary to maintain dedifferentiated cells
      in the cell cycle.

PMID- 381568
TI  - Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism during activity in small rodents.
AB  - Analysis of oxygen consumption and lactic acid formation during five minutes of
      maximal activity by the rodents Microtus montanus (Cricetidae) and Dipodomys
      merriami (Hetermyidae) indicates that: (1) anaerobiosis provides approximately
      10% of total energy utilized during the 5-minute activity period; (2)
      anaerobiosis may account for as much as one-third of total energy utilized during
      the first 30 seconds of activity. In addition, these data indicate at least one
      species of lizard may be capable of a higher total rate of metabolism during
      "burst" activity than are the rodents investigated here.

PMID- 381570
TI  - The focal differentiation of pigment cells.
AB  - A study has been made of the normal development and of the regeneration after
      excision of the groups of large pigment cells which form the spotted skin pattern
      of the gecko Eublepharis macularius, together with the effects of neonatal graft
      transplantation on this pattern. The results all indicate strongly that such
      groups of specialized pigment cells are not clones but the product of an
      induction process. This is then compared with the neural reflex mechanism by
      which the skin pattern of Chamaeoleo dilepis is formed.

PMID- 381571
TI  - Neural control of light emission in Photuris larvae: identification of octopamine
      sensitive adenylate cyclase (1).
AB  - Octopamine, a putative phenylethylamine neurotransmitter present in the firefly,
      has been found to be a potent stimulator of cyclic AMP synthesis in the larval
      light organ. In the same tissue, octopamine causes a small inhibition of
      phosphodiesterase activity. Because of the relatively simple anatomical
      relationships present in the larval light organ, compared with that of the adult,
      this preparation should offer an attractive model for studying the biochemistry
      of neurohumoral control of light emission.

PMID- 381572
TI  - Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): a moderate view.

PMID- 381573
TI  - Anticonvulsant therapy in childhood. Recent advances.

PMID- 381574
TI  - Legislature honors medical illustrator Frank H. Netter, M.D.

PMID- 381576
TI  - Resolution of grateful recognition (J. H. Herbert).

PMID- 381577
TI  - Distinguished Layman Award (Rev. Hal Marchman).

PMID- 381575
TI  - A. H. Robins Company Award for outstanding community service by a physician (C.
      L. Brumback).

PMID- 381578
TI  - In grateful recognition: Jere W. Annis, M.D.

PMID- 381579
TI  - Certificate of merit: Burns Alan Dobbins, M.D.

PMID- 381580
TI  - Dr. Yank D. Coble named to faculty chair at University of Florida.

PMID- 381581
TI  - UF's J. Lee Dockery, M.D. honored for teaching excellence.

PMID- 381582
TI  - Haptoglobin typing of bloodstains: electrophoresis of immunoprecipitated
      haptoglobin.

PMID- 381584
TI  - Localization of indoleamine and protein synthesis in the mammalian pineal gland.
AB  - In a table, conditions and compounds have been listed either known or suggested
      to influence pineal function. In the same model, systems and organs and their
      products are indicated the function or, respectively, the quantity of which are
      known or suggested to be influenced by pineal secretory substances. Of the
      latter, indoleamines and polypeptides are mentioned only although it is now known
      that also other low molecular weight biologically active compounds are produced
      by the gland. Problems relating to the localization of indoleamine and protein
      synthesis in the pinealocyte are discussed. The synthesis of indoleamines, at
      least of serotonin, may occur freely in the cytosol although, especially in non
      mammals, the presence of serotonin seems to be preferentially, but perhaps
      secondarily, related to the secretory dense-core vesicles. Questions concerning
      the exact function of pineal melatonin are shortly dealt with. The granules of
      the secretory vesicles probably also contain a proteinaceous substance which,
      notwithstanding its unknown chemical nature, has been considered the
      antigonadotropic principle by some authors. Recent investigations on the
      production of active proteinaceous compounds in cisterns of the endoplasmic
      reticulum and between the layers of the nuclear envelope are reviewed. These
      substances are not concentrated in secretory granular vesicles, so scarce in the
      pinealocyte which proteinaceous active principle is produced in still largely
      unsolved as is their exact chemical composition.

PMID- 381583
TI  - Post-mortem distribution of dopamine and homovanillic acid in human brain,
      variations related to age, and a review of the literature.
AB  - The post-mortem brain concentrations of dopamine (DA) and homovanillic acid (HVA)
      were determined in 16 parts of the brain from patients with no history of
      neurologic or psychiatric illness. Fifteen men and nine women, with a mean age of
      61.0 +/- 18.7 years (range 23--92 years) were included. They had died from either
      ischaemic heart disease or cancer. In the post-mortem investigation several
      factors were controlled: age, time between death and autopsy, time between
      autopsy and chemical analysis and storage time (-20 degrees C). The DA
      concentrations in the different brain areas were found to be positively
      intercorrelated, especially those in the basal ganglia, hippocampus and the
      mesencephalon. The HVA concentrations measured in various cortical structures
      were also positively intercorrelated. In several regions of the brain there was a
      significant inverse correlation between the DA and HVA concentrations. The DA and
      HVA concentrations did not differ according to sex, but age had a marked
      influence on the DA concentration. Significant decrease with age was observed in
      the nucleus caudatus, globus pallidus, mesencephalon, hippocampus and in the
      cortex gyrus hippocampus. These findings are discussed in relation to the effect
      of aging neurons. A review of human post-mortem investigations on DA and HVA
      concentrations is also presented.

PMID- 381585
TI  - Pineal peptides.
AB  - In pineal extracts several activities have been observed which cannot be
      explained on the basis of their content of melatonin or other pineal indoles to
      which an antigonadotropic activity is ascribed. The significance of structurally
      identified and unidentified substances is not fully understood. The list includes
      a neurohypophysial peptide, vasotocin (AVT), hypothalamic releasing factors and
      certain unidentified substances including the antigonadotropin under
      investigation in our laboratory. Our initial experiments demonstrated the
      presence of a non-melatonin antigonadotropin (PAG) in partially purified extracts
      of bovine, ovine, rat and human pineals. Purification by ion exchange
      chromatography and amino acid analyses have shown that this substance is not AVT.
      Recent purification studies include paper chromatography and high performance
      chromatography as final steps. It is concluded that if the active principle in a
      peptide, or contains a peptide moiety important for the biological activity, it
      may be present only in minute amounts in the puriest fractions derived and the
      quantities of recoverable material may be similar to those amounts of releasing
      factors recoverable from hypothalamic tissue. It is anticipated that large scale
      preparative methods will be required for structural determination. High
      performance chromatography may prove to be extremely useful in future studies.

PMID- 381587
TI  - Non-reproductive systems and the pineal gland.
AB  - The paper reviews the data accumulated on the interrelationship between the
      pineal gland and the central nervous system as evidenced by induced
      neuroanatomical, biochemical and hormonal changes taking place in one system
      following the activation or inhibition of the other. The possible role of the
      pineal in modifying behaviour and its involvement in mental impairment is
      consequently discussed. Further questions dealt with are, whether in addition to
      the pineal effect via the hypothalamic-pituitary axis on the peripheral non
      reproductive glands, thyroid and adrenals, a direct feedback mechanism exists
      between their hormones and the pineal. The effect of the pineal on the endocrine
      glands which are known not to be under the direct control of the hypothalamo
      pituitary axis, pancreas, thymus and parathyroid, is also discussed.

PMID- 381586
TI  - Melatonin: reproductive effects.
AB  - N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, melatonin, is synthesized within and secreted from
      the pineal gland. Although the concentration of this constituent in the blood is
      diminished after surgical removal of the pineal gland it does not completely
      disappear. Other potential contributors to blood titers of melatonin include the
      retinas, the Harderian glands and the gastro-intestinal tract. Melatonin has a
      potent antigonadotrophic action in the Syrian hamster ( a highly photosensitive
      species) provided the indole is given during a restricted portion of the light
      phase of the light-dark cycle. This so-called sensitive period falls late in the
      light phase; melatonin acutely administered at other times has virtually no
      inhibitory influence on the reproductive physiology of hamsters. When melatonin
      is continuously available (from a subcutaneous deposit) it counteracts the
      antigonadotrophic influence of the pineal gland in light restricted or blinded
      hamsters, i.e., it causes a "functional pinealectomy". Furthermore, chronically
      available melatonin negates the antigonadotrophic capability of acute melatonin
      injections.

PMID- 381588
TI  - Cytology of the pineal gland: changes produced by various treatments.
AB  - The cytological appearance of the pineal body is related to stage of development
      or age, time of day, exposure to illumination, season of the year, and
      reproductive state. Experimental manipulations that alter the normal cytology of
      the pineal include hypophysectomy, administration of any of several hormones or
      drugs, blinding, denervation and exposure to stressful influences such as heat or
      cold. The effects of blinding are similar to the effects of continuous darkness
      on the pineal's cytology. Ultrastructural examinations reveal a number of changes
      in the organelles, especially an increased number of vesicles and complex
      membranous whorls. These features suggest heightened activity and generally are
      coincident with sexual quiescence. Membranous whorls also may be induced by cold
      exposure. Prolonged or continuous illumination leads to a reduction in the size
      of pinealocytes and to changes in their organelles that suggest reduced activity.
      Such alterations can often be correlated with heightened sexual activity.
      Sympathetic denervation of pineal glands also results in atrophy of the
      pinealocytes. Reproductive condition is reflected in the appearance of the
      pinealocytes. The estrous cycle, pregnancy, castration and the administration of
      gonadotropins or gonadal steroids affect pinealocyte structure. A feedback system
      involving the gonads and pineal gland is indicated.

PMID- 381589
TI  - Melatonin in humans physiological and clinical studies.
AB  - Studies are reported of the variation of melatonin in serum, plasma urine and
      cerebrospinal fluid in normal subjects and in patients with various diseases. The
      diurnal variation of plasma and urine melatonin found in healthy controls on a
      regular dark-sleep pattern persisted when the subjects slept in light. The effect
      of sleep deprivation and of rapid light exposure at night is reported. There was
      a correlation between melatonin in morning urine and plasma at 2 a.m. Four hours
      of extended darkness in the morning as well as a 9-hour shift of sleep and
      activity cycles following travel affected the melatonin rhythm. The night
      increase in plasma melatonin preceeded both the cortisol and prolactin rise. A
      single oral dose of 4.3 X 10(5) nmol of melatonin given to a 44-year-old healthy
      male gave a peak plasma value of 624 nmol/l after 30 min. Plasma melatonin was
      not affected by electroconvulsive therapy, TRH-injection, L-Dopa or
      bromoergocryptine orally. Patients with alcoholism, migraine, postoperative
      pinealoma, panhypopituitarism, hereditary dystonia and schizophrenics on
      propranolol exhibited a decreased amplitude of their diurnal rhythm of melatonin.
      Two patients with pituitary tumors had occasional high levels of plasma
      melatonin. The change in melatonin secretion in human is apparently controlled by
      a mechanism which is at least party influenced by environmental lighting
      conditions, drugs and different disease states.

PMID- 381590
TI  - Pineal research: the decade of transformation.
AB  - In a little more than a decade (1954--1965), the pineal gland was demonstrated to
      be an active neuroendocrine transducer in contrast to a functionless vestige as
      earlier supposed. The two major contributions which laid the groundwork for the
      development of modern pineal science were Kitay and Altschule's book The Pineal
      Gland (1954) and Lerner's isolation and structural work on melatonin (1958).
      After Lerner's discovery, biochemists, anatomists, and physiologists determined
      much about the structure and function of the pineal gland. In 1965, Wurtman and
      Axelrod tied this earlier work together by characterizing the pineal as a
      neuroendocrine transducer.

PMID- 381592
TI  - The etiology of bruxism.

PMID- 381591
TI  - Neural control of pineal function in mammals and birds.
AB  - Pineal function in mammals is regulated by a system with four major neural
      components. The first is a retinohypothalamic projection from the ganglion cells
      of the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypthalamus. The
      suprachiasmatic nucleus appears to function as a circadian oscillating system
      projecting into the hypothalamus and this represents the second component. The
      third component is constituted of a brainstem pathway from the lateral
      hypothalamus to the intermediolateral cell column of the upper thoracic spinal
      cord. The fourth component is the preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic
      system arising from the upper thoracic cord to innervate the superior cervical
      ganglion which, in turn, innervates the pineal gland. No direct neural control of
      the pineal gland has been demonstrated in birds.

PMID- 381593
TI  - Psychogenic bruxism: conceptual and experimental views.

PMID- 381594
TI  - Roster of members. 1978. Nebraska Dental Association.

PMID- 381595
TI  - Six month evaluation of thiopropazate hydrochloride in tardive dyskinesia.
AB  - Using a blind evaluation of cinematographic films of patients suffering from
      tardive dyskinesia we found that thiopropazate hydrochloride in a dosage up to 30
      mg daily was effective in reducing the severity of the dyskinesia in most
      patients. The overall improvement in the group of patients studied was not
      significant after one or three months of therapy but was significant after six
      months of treatment. The administration of thiopropazate hydrochloride over a six
      month period did not appear to aggravate the underlying pathophysiology so that
      the drug could be considered likely to be safe for long-term use. The
      anticholinergic antiparkinsonism agent benztropine mesylate aggravated the
      dyskinesia to a significant degree.

PMID- 381596
TI  - Stereological approach to the study of synapse morphometry with particular regard
      to estimating number in a volume and on a surface.
AB  - The paper presents a system of stereological formulae which are suitable for the
      quantitative ultrastructural characterization of synapses. Attention is given
      first to the question of deciding which synaptic feature to adopt as the basis
      for measurement. Three counting units can be recognized on electron micrographs:
      the bouton, the total zone of apposition of pre- and postsynaptic membranes, and
      the zone of paramembranous density. These may provide different numerical
      results. Possible units of reference are considered also and whilst emphasis is
      given to a volume of nervous tissue and a membrane surface of postsynaptic
      element, interesting alternatives are presented for the sake of completeness.
      Stereological parameters available for quantifying synapses (for example boutons
      per tissue volume, paramembranous dense zones per soma surface) are described. In
      addition, some new and previously neglected possibilities are included and some
      errors found in the literature are corrected. Worked examples of the estimation
      of synaptic densities are provided.

PMID- 381597
TI  - A technique for the repair of a fractured crowned tooth.

PMID- 381598
TI  - Clinical endocrinological approach to hypothalamic-pituitary disease.
AB  - The authors review the present knowledge of the hypothalamic-pituitary endocrine
      axis. The physiology and pathophysiology are discussed along with outlines of
      standard approaches to diagnosis of disorders. An appendix of useful provocative
      tests is included.

PMID- 381600
TI  - [Introduction of skin graft].

PMID- 381601
TI  - Directory of consultants to nursing administration.

PMID- 381599
TI  - Dexamethasone and severe head injury. A prospective double-blind study.
AB  - A prospective double-blind study of the effects of dexamethasone administration
      on the outcome of patients with severe head injuries was performed. Patients were
      stratified for severity of neurological injury and were treated with placebo, low
      dose dexamethasone (16 mg/day), or high-dose dexamethasone (96 mg/day) for a
      period of 6 days. Outcome was evaluated at 6 months following injury. Of the 76
      patients available for analysis, a good outcome was achieved in 37% of placebo
      treated patients, 44% of low-dose-treated patients, and 29% of high-dose-treated
      patients. These differences are not statistically significant. Similarly
      dexamethasone administration had no statistically significant effect on
      intracranial pressure patterns or serial neurological examinations during
      hospitalization. Gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in only one patient. Good
      outcome was associated with age under 10 years, lighter depth of coma on
      admission, and the preservation of brain-stem reflexes upon admission. A
      recalculation of data in previous clinical series purporting to show an
      improvement in outcome as a result of corticosteroid therapy shows no significant
      difference in outcome when steroid- and placebo-treated patients are compared. In
      our series, 90% of all deaths were caused by recurrent intracranial hematomas,
      medical complications, or diffuse brain injuries with parenchymal hemorrhage and
      tissue disruption -- causes of death which cannot be affected by corticosteroid
      therapy. The study suggests that dexamethasone in either high or low dosages has
      no significant effect on morbidity and mortality following severe head injury.

PMID- 381602
TI  - The passing of a friend--the realization of a vision: Mary Irene Crawford,
      C.N.M., Ed.D., in memoriam.

PMID- 381603
TI  - Tomorrow's child (Mary Breckinridge).

PMID- 381604
TI  - T. Lyle Hazlett: his role in industrial medicine, 1920-50.

PMID- 381606
TI  - Uneasy peace between psychiatry and religion -- the historical roots of the
      conflict.

PMID- 381605
TI  - Reye syndrome -- an update.

PMID- 381607
TI  - Free transplantation of lyophilized dura for vestibuloplasty: a clinical and
      histological study.
AB  - Covering epithelial defects in the oral cavity is often neccessary in
      maxillofacial surgery. Special problems arise in preprosthetic surgery because
      requisites for function and quality of epithelial grafts must be satisfied. Using
      free heterologous lyophilized dura grafts for vestibular sulcoplasty in 23
      patients, we observed a good clinical and histological healing process.
      Considering the necessity of a second operation for skin or mucosal grafts (and
      the limited source of mucosa), we believe that the lyophilized dura can be used
      successfully in preprosthetic surgery.

PMID- 381609
TI  - Palatal stent after torus removal.

PMID- 381608
TI  - The elective retention of vital roots for alveolar bone preservation: a pilot
      study.
AB  - A technique for retaining alveolar bone beneath complete dentures involving
      sumergence of vital canine roots below the level of the alveolar bone is
      reported. Early or late complications occurred in five of the eight roots
      retained. Radiographic and histologic examination showed the continuance of
      pulpal vitality and an absence of resorption of roots during the test period. The
      clinical at the end of 20 months' observation indicated that the procedure may
      provide a practical means of retaining alveolar bone for some individuals.

PMID- 381610
TI  - Delayed hypersensitivity reactions in guinea-pigs using cotton pellets;
      demonstration of macrophage migration inhibition activity in the cell free
      exudate.
AB  - Subcutaneous implantation of cotton pellets containing PPD into CFA sensitised
      guinea-pigs produced a reaction of having many characteristics of the delayed
      hypersensitivity (DH) reaction, together with less conspicuous features of a non
      immunological response. The time course of the cellular response in the reaction
      showed a slow onset, attaining maximum levels between 18 and 24 hr. Mononuclear
      cells dominated the reaction from 18 to 48 hr. In animals treated with ALS the
      reaction diminished to the level of a non-immunological reaction. The model made
      it possible to detect macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) activity in
      the skin exudates. From 6--48 hr high molecular weight antigen-dependent MIF
      activity was found associated with immunoglobulin. At 18 hr, two types of low
      molecular weight MIF activity were demonstrated. One was antigen-dependent and
      the other was antigen-independent. Treatment of sensitised guinea-pigs with ALS
      abolished the appearance of these factors, suggesting that they might be related
      to cell-mediated immunity. At 48 hr, the low molecular weight antigen-dependent
      MIF activity was still evident whereas the low molecular weight antigen
      independent activity was not detected. High molecular weight antigen-independent
      MIF activity was also found at 18 hr. No MIF activity was demonstrated in any of
      the control exudates.

PMID- 381611
TI  - Electron microscopy of cerebral malaria in golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)
      infected with Plasmodium berghei.
AB  - Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of hamster cerebral malaria show
      that haemorrhages occur following vessel necrosis in animals with low
      parasitaemias. There is no concurrent thrombosis nor packing of capillaries with
      parasitised erythrocytes. Small vessels contain numerous monocytes which have
      phagocytosed erythrocytes and smaller particles of similar electron density. The
      monocytes attach to and migrate through the endothelium but then remain in close
      proximity to the vessels. Irregular dense deposits are present in the basement
      membrane of some animals 14 days after infection. These may be immune complexes.
      The pathogenesis of cerebral malaria is discussed in relation to these findings.

PMID- 381612
TI  - Fused suprarenal glands in association with central nervous system defects in the
      first half of foetal life.
AB  - Fifty-two abortuses with CNS defects, delivered during the first half of
      gestation, were examined for the presence of fused suprarenal glands. Three cases
      were found, the first in an 8 week embryo aborted spontaneously; the second and
      third in 18 and 20-week foetuses terminated for suspected CNS abnormality. All
      three had severe vertebral pathology in addition to the fused suprarenals and the
      CNS defects. It is suggested that the anomaly may be part of a widespread
      embryonal distortion secondary to disturbance in the vertebral axis. Since going
      to press, a further case of fused suprarenals has been found in a 22 week female
      foetus which had anencephaly and complete spina bifida, severe scoliosis and
      kyphosis, a small omphalocele, absence of the right kidney, a polycystic left
      kidney and a unicornuate uterus. This case was found among 12 further abortuses
      with CNS defects.

PMID- 381613
TI  - Experimental murine amyloidosis: experience with Candida albicans as an
      amyloidogenic agent and liver biopsy as a diagnostic tool.
AB  - We describe a method of inducing experimental amyloidosis in mice using
      injections of Candida albicans. Both viable and non-viable Candida produced
      amyloid and we compare the results with each method. Diagnosis was by liver
      biopsy, a technique of value in assessing the natural history of the disease.
      Once the amyloid had been induced, the disease always progressed until the
      animals died of generalised amyloidosis. This experimental model should,
      therefore, be suitable to use in assessing the treatment of amyloidosis.

PMID- 381614
TI  - Residencies and fellowships in pediatric subspecialties and general academic
      pediatric training.

PMID- 381616
TI  - Side effects of phenobarbital in toddlers; behavioral and cognitive aspects.
AB  - Cognitive and behavioral effects of phenobarbital in toddlers were assessed in a
      randomized, placebo-controlled study of patients who had had a febrile seizure.
      There were no significant differences in IQ (Binet or Bayley Scales) between
      placebo and phenobarbital groups after eight to 12 months of therapy. However,
      detrimental effects of phenobarbital were found in memory, for which serum level
      influenced scores, and in comprehension, in that length of treatment time
      affected performance. Hyperactivity was not seen. Behavioral changes, reported by
      parents, were increased fussiness and a characteristic disturbance of sleep.
      These changes varied in severity and were classified as transient, dose related,
      or unacceptable. After 12 months in the study, most parents could not distinguish
      between phenobarbital and placebo. Our data suggest that although most toddlers
      do not have major side effects from phenobarbital therapy when treated for a
      year, serum levels and length of time on phenobarbital should be kept at a
      minimum to reduce negative cognitive and behavioral effects.

PMID- 381615
TI  - Cystic fibrosis and malnutrition.
AB  - Cystic fibrosis as a specific disease entity has been known to be associated with
      malnutrition for almost half a century. The importance of the malnutrition in the
      disease process remains unknown, as does much information about specific
      nutritional deficiencies in CF. Supplements for children with CF should include
      extra energy as fat or carbohydrate, a form of linoleic acid that can be
      absorbed, hydrolyzed protein, fat-soluble vitamins with vitamins A and E in a
      water emulsion, vitamin B12, probably B vitamins and vitamin C, and trace
      minerals. Routine measurements of nutritional status, particularly in children
      with growth failure, should be made at regular intervals and should include a
      three-day diet record and a simultaneous 72-hour stool fat determination. If fat
      malabsorption is not controlled by pancreatic enzymes, the use of antacids or
      cimetidine should be considered. The true role of nutrition in patients with CF
      will not be known until the appropriate studies are completed.

PMID- 381618
TI  - Brain abscess and cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Brain abscess has only recently been considered a complication of cystic
      fibrosis. Three patients are reported here and a fourth cited from the
      literature. All of our patients were young adults with advanced pulmonary
      disease. The bacteria involved were mouth organisms and were found in the sputum
      culture in only one of the patients. Resistance was present to previously given
      antibiotics. As patients with cystic fibrosis survive into adulthood, the risk of
      developing a brain abscess appears to increase.

PMID- 381617
TI  - Disturbed fat absorption following infectious gastroenteritis in children.
AB  - Fat absorption was studied in 10 patients recovering from an episode of acute
      infectious gastroenteritis who failed to gain weight despite adequate caloric
      intake. Three patients restudied after clinical improvement and three other
      infants with failure to thrive, unrelated to gastrointestinal problems, served as
      control subjects. Fat balance studies during the ingestion of a formula
      containing long-chain fatty acids demonstrated significant degrees of steatorrhea
      in patients (mean CFA 70.6 +/- 10.7 compared to 90.3 +/- 2.4 in control
      subjects). The administration of a test meal demonstrated a marked deficiency of
      duodenal bile acid concentration and of fat incorporation into the micellar phase
      in patients. Fecal bile acid excretion was significantly increased in patients
      (mean 33.9 +/- 11.6 microM/kg/day) as compared to control subjects (mean 13.5 +/-
      3.1 microM/kg/day). Bacterial overgrowth and abnormalities of the small
      intestinal mucosa were not constant. Ileal dysfunction and associated bile acid
      loss are possible causes of disturbed fat assimilation following acute intestinal
      infection in children.

PMID- 381619
TI  - Epidemiology of the group B streptococcus: maternal and nosocomial sources for
      infant acquisitions.
AB  - Repeated bacteriologic observations were made in 462 newborn infants and
      correlated with similar data from their mothers to evaluate the relative
      contributions of the birth canal  and the hospital environment to acquisition of
      group B streptococci in the first few days of life. Fifty-eight percent of
      infants whose mothers were intrapartum carriers acquired streptococci in
      comparison with 12% of those whose mothers were noncarriers. Acquisitions from
      the birth canal were not influenced by the route of delivery or the time between
      membrane rupture and birth, but could be related to the quantity of streptococci
      in maternal cultures. Observations in ten cohorts of infants, including
      serotyping and bacteriophage susceptibility of group B isolates, demonstrated
      clear-cut streptococcal spread among infants in two cohorts. Infants appeared to
      harbor larger numbers of streptococci at more body sites following acquisition
      from the birth canal than after acquisition from the hospital environment.

PMID- 381620
TI  - Prospective studies of group B streptococcal infections in infants.

PMID- 381621
TI  - Functional analysis of neutrophil granulocytes from healthy, infected, and
      stressed neonates.
AB  - Neutrophil granulocyte function was assessed in 17 well term infants, 14 stressed
      infants, and eight infants with group B streptococcal infection.
      Chemiluminescence production elicited by opsonized zymosan or by a wild strain of
      type III group B streptococci, as well as phagocytosis and killing of
      streptococci, were measured. Chemiluminescence production by PMNs of term
      neonates in response to opsonized zymosan or group B streptococci was equal to
      that of adult controls. In contrast, six of nine stressed or infected neonates
      had depressed CL responses upon zymosan challenge. When opsonized type III group
      B streptococci were used to elicit CL, seven of ten stressed or infected infants
      had markedly depressed responses. Phagocytosis, as determined by a radiolabeled
      bacterial uptake technique, was normal in the healthy and stressed neonates.
      Depressed CL production by the PMNs of stressed or infected neonates was
      associated with impaired intracellular bactericidal activity, however. These
      studies indicate that stressed or infected neonates have impaired leukocyte
      metabolic activation that may be associated with depressed bactericidal activity.
      Such impairment may contribute to the morbidity and mortality observed in serious
      neonatal infections.

PMID- 381623
TI  - Infant botulism: consideration of multifactor cause.

PMID- 381622
TI  - Infant care: cache or carry.
AB  - To test the hypothesis that a characteristic infant-care pattern existed during
      most of human history, contemporary hunter-gatherers in a representative sample
      of world cultures were examined. Numerically coded measures of infant care
      revealed a uniform pattern. Mothers are the principal caregivers, providing
      extensive body contact day and night and prolonged breast-feeding. When not
      carried, the baby of hunter-gatherers has complete freedom of movement. Care is
      consistently affectionate, with immediate nurturant response to crying.
      Nonetheless, in most groups, children achieve early independence and by 2 to 4
      years spend more than half the time away from the mother. In the United States
      this pattern of carrying that endured for one to three million years has been
      replaced by one resembling nesting or caching. Infants spend little time in body
      contact with caregivers and their movements are restricted by playpens, high
      chairs, or cribs. Of the minority who are breast-fed, half are weaned within a
      few weeks. Separate sleeping arrangements and delayed response to crying are
      regularly recommended. These remarkable transformations may profoundly alter
      infant development and maternal involvement.

PMID- 381625
TI  - Atypical resorptive processes in the primary dentition.

PMID- 381624
TI  - Ethylene oxide biological indicators: need for stricter qualification testing
      control.

PMID- 381627
TI  - John Oppie McCall, Sr., B.A., D.D.S. 1879--1978.

PMID- 381626
TI  - Liver function and liver diseases during pregnancy.

PMID- 381628
TI  - The effect of an alexidine mouthwash on plaque and gingivitis.
AB  - A clinical study was conducted on the effects of an alexidine or placebo oral
      rinse on plaque and gingivitis. Forty-two male subjects rinsed for 54 days while
      continuing toothbrushing. This was followed by 4 days of mouthrinsing only. The
      alexidine mouthrinse significantly reduced the plaque index when used in
      conjunction with toothbrushing and also when brushing was discontinued. The
      gingivitis results were inconclusive.

PMID- 381629
TI  - Dr. John F. Prichard received the Distinguished Alumnus Award from the Baylor
      Dental Alumni Association.

PMID- 381630
TI  - A rapid chairside test for the severity of periodontal disease using gingival
      fluid.
AB  - A study was done in an attempt to develop a simple test for the severity of
      periodontal disease. Gingival fluid collected on filter paper was tested for
      protein content, and the resulting color was compared to standard color filters.
      Tissue was excised and prepared for histologic examination. The inflammatory cell
      infiltrate on each slide was graded on a scale of zero to three. Zero was least
      and three was the highest number of inflammatory cells. The results indicate that
      the white cell infiltrate graded 0 or 1 on the histologic inflammatory index has
      a color index of B 1/8 TO B1 whereas the tissue graded 2 or 3 HII has a range of
      B2 to B6 on the color scale. This test can give the dental practitioner a general
      idea of the severity of the inflammation.

PMID- 381631
TI  - Histological study of repair following new attachment procedures in human
      periodontal lesions.

PMID- 381632
TI  - Hand instrumentation versus ultrasonics in the removal of endotoxins from root
      surfaces.
AB  - In this study, the average net total endotoxin in the solubilized extracts from
      each sample were healthy teeth, 1.46 ng/ml; periodontally diseased teeth, 169.5
      ng/ml; ultrasonically scaled teeth, 16.8 ng/ml; root planed teeth, 2.09 ng/ml.
      The material that was extracted and assayed was not conclusively proven to be
      endotoxin, but recent studies suggest it was. Meticulous root planing as
      performed in this study produced values similar to those for unerupted
      periodontally healthy teeth. Ultrasonic scaling resulted in endotoxin values
      approximately eight times greater.

PMID- 381633
TI  - The infrabony pocket and its relationship to trauma from occlusion and
      subgingival plaque.
AB  - The role of trauma from occlusion and subgingival plaque in the pathogenesis of
      the infrabony pocket as observed in the radiograph was studied in 48 teeth which
      had to be extracted because of advanced periodontal disease. Prior to extraction
      the teeth were examined with regard to the degree of mobility and the direction
      of the horizontal components of the masticatory forces. Following extraction, the
      teeth were stained and examined under the stereomicroscope. When the tooth is
      adequately stained, the subgingival plaque and the remaining attachment fibers
      can be distinguished easily from the area of the junctional epithelium. The
      observations which were made on the extracted teeth were then correlated with
      what could be seen in the radiograph. The following major observations were made:
      In the depth of the infrabony pocket there was a close congruence between the
      front of the subgingival plaque and the borderline of the remaining attachment
      fibers, the distance varying between 0.2 and 2.0 mm. There was also a close
      relationship between the front of the subgingival plaque and the alveolar crest
      adjacent to the tooth as well as between the surface of the subgingival plaque
      and the opposite vertical wall of the infrabony pocket, the distances ranging
      between 1 and 3 mm. The horizontal forces were mainly or exclusively oriented
      bucco-lingually, whereas the infrabony pockets were located mesially or distally,
      i.e. parallel to the direction of the force and not at a right angle to it as
      observed in experimental studies. The mobility of the teeth adjacent to which
      infrabony pockets developed was normal in 42% of the cases, slightly increased in
      31%, and only in 11% of the cases was it excessively increased. In 19 cases the
      infrabony pocket was located on one of the roots of lower molars which were
      removed by hemisection. In eight of the 12 cases, which were observed for periods
      from 1 to 10 years, the remaining root functioned well without further
      development of angular bone defects or infrabony pockets. All of them became
      markedly firmer as a consequence of successful periodontal treatment. Three of
      the four remaining roots were extracted because of periapical problems. There was
      no evidence to indicate that trauma from occlusion had been involved in the
      pathogenesis of the infrabony pockets.

PMID- 381634
TI  - The Feldberg Lecture 1976. Solute transport across epithelia: what can we learn
      from micropuncture studies in kidney tubules?

PMID- 381635
TI  - Mouse pancreatic beta-cells: tetraethylammonium blockage of the potassium
      permeability increase induced by depolarization.
AB  - 1. Membrane potentials and input resistance were measured in beta-cells from
      mouse pancreatic islets of Langerhans in the presence or absence of D-glucose. 2.
      Tetraethylammonium (TEA) (a specific blocker of the K permeability increase
      induced by shifts in membrane potential from negative to positive values) was
      externally applied and its effects on potentials and input resistance evaluated.
      3. In the absence of glucose, addition of TEA up to 20 mM to the perifusion
      medium did not affect the resting potential and the input resistance, the
      selectivity ratio PK/PNa (calculated from the constant field equation) remaining
      unchanged at about 30. 4. The characteristic response of the beta-cell membrane
      potential, in the presence of glucose, is a fluctuation between a silent phase at
      about -50 mV and an active phase at about -40 mV giving rise to a train of
      spikes. TEA abolishes this pattern and very much reduces the graded response of
      spike frequency normally seen with different concentrations of glucose. 5.
      Addition of glucose in the presence of up to 20 mM-TEA induces an increase in
      membrane resistance of about 4.10(7) omega. 6. TEA lowers the glucose level
      required to trigger the electrical activity from about 5.6 to about 4.6 mM. 7.
      TEA blocks the repolarization phase of action potentials induced by the addition
      of glucose or by depolarizing intracellular current injection. 8. In the presence
      of 11.1 mM-glucose and 20 mM-TEA the action potentials frequently crossed the
      zero line, the membrane potential reaching up to 25 mV during the peak of the
      spikes.

PMID- 381636
TI  - Potassium permeability activated by intracellular calcium ion concentration in
      the pancreatic beta-cell.
AB  - 1. Membrane potentials and input resistance were measured in beta-cells from
      mouse pancreatic islets of Langerhans in a study designed to assess the role of a
      K permeability specifically blocked by quinine or quinidine and activated by
      intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+])i-activated PK). 2. Addition of
      100 microM-quinine to the perifusion medium resulted in a 10--30 mV
      depolarization of the membrane and an increase in the input resistance of ca.
      4.10(7) omega. 3. In the absence of glucose, 100 microM-quinine induced
      electrical activity. 4. In the presence of glucose, 100 microM-quinine abolished
      the burst pattern of electrical activity and very much reduced the graded
      response of spike frequency normally seen with different concentrations of
      glucose. 5. Addition of mitochondrial inhibitors, KCN, NaN3, DNP, CCCP, FCCP, to
      the perifusion medium containing glucose rapidly hyperpolarized the beta-cell
      membrane, inducing a concomitant decrease in input resistance. 6. In the presence
      of glucose, these mitochondrial inhibitors reversibly blocked electrical
      activity; upon removal of the inhibitor, recovery of electrical activity followed
      a biphasic pattern. 7. The effects of mitochondrial inhibitors were partially
      reversed by 100 microM-quinine. 8. It is proposed that the membrane potential of
      the beta-cell in the absence of glucose is predominantly controlled by the
      [Ca2+]i-activated PK. It is further suggested that this permeability to K
      controls the level for glucose stimulation and leads to the generation of the
      burst pattern.

PMID- 381638
TI  - Selective pancreatic nerve section. An investigation of neural control of
      glucagon release in the conscious unrestrained dog.

PMID- 381637
TI  - Effects of progesterone and 17-beta-oestradiol treatments on the pancreatic B
      cell castrated  female rats. Biochemical variations.
AB  - The biochemical effects of progesterone and/or oestradiol treatments on castrated
      female rats have been compared to those of control olive-oil injections. 1. The
      steroid treatments used produced physiological concentrations of the two hormones
      in peripheral plasma, comparable to those obtained during pregnancy. 2. Glycemia
      remains within a normal range for all the treatments. 3. Circulating
      immunoreactive insulin (IRI) increases in the steroid-treated rats and the values
      reach those of the pregnant animals. 4. It was concluded that the biochemical
      modifications that occur during the steroid treatment (especially with the
      combined treatment) are quite comparable to what happens during pregnancy and
      explain, at least in part, the altered carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and the
      hyperactivity in the B cell, resulting in an increased insulin secretion.

PMID- 381639
TI  - Vasopressin in fetal sheep: a review.
AB  - Advance in fetal sheep surgery has allowed investigation of vasopressin
      physiology at the end of gestation (100 to 140 days). In the fetus of that age,
      vasopressin is present in the pituitary and in the blood. The hormonal secretion
      is stimulated by hypotensive and hyperosmolar stimulus. Hypoxemia is also
      reported as being a potent stimulus of vasopressin secretion and may have an
      important effect on blood pressure control.

PMID- 381640
TI  - [Anencephaly and endocrine glands in human foetus (author's transl)].

PMID- 381641
TI  - [Wolfgang Bargmann (1906--1978)].

PMID- 381642
TI  - [Effect of LHRH on human fetal pituitary in culture (author's transl)].

PMID- 381643
TI  - On the battlefield: nursing in the Civil War.

PMID- 381644
TI  - New perspectives in clinical medicine: the sociologist.

PMID- 381645
TI  - Multiple myeloma.

PMID- 381646
TI  - Shrapnel injuries in children.

PMID- 381647
TI  - The sailor's surgeon (James Yonge).

PMID- 381649
TI  - Genetic and environmental variation in the LH response of ovariectomized sheep to
      LH-RH.
AB  - The influence of breed and season on the sensitivity of the pituitary gland of
      sheep to LH-RH was assessed. Ovariectomized ewes of 3 breeds (Finnish Landrace,
      Scottish Blackface and Tasmanian Merino) with differing normal breeding seasons
      and with differing ovulation rates were injected (i.v.) with 3 doses of LH-RH
      (1.56, 6.25 or 25.0 micrograms) at 3 different times of the year covering the
      anoestrous and the breeding seasons of intact ewes; 9 ewes of each breed (3 per
      sub-class) were examined on the first and third occasions, 6 (2 per sub-class) on
      the second. The response was measured in terms of the concentration of LH in
      peripheral plasma 20, 40, 60 and 80 min after injection. Time of year, but not
      the breed of sheep, affected the magnitude of the response; the data indicated
      that the duration of LH secretion was greater during the breeding season than
      during anoestrus. It was concluded that changes in the spontaneous activity of
      the hypothalamus/hypophysis could contribute to seasonal changes in LH secretion
      independently of the modifying effects of gonadal steroids. Such variation in
      unmodulated activity apparently does not contribute to the differences in
      ovulation rate among the 3 breeds.

PMID- 381648
TI  - The effect of LH-RH administration on LH release in the female rabbit.
AB  - Intracarotid infusion of LH-RH to female rabbits stimulated a significant
      increase in plasma LH concentration in the jugular vein. This response varied
      with the reproductive state of the animal, with a greater release occurring in
      oestrous (spontaneous or oestrogen-induced) and non-receptive does than in
      pseudopregnant or ovariectomized animals. If ovariectomized rabbits were
      pretreated with oestrogen, the pituitary response to LH-RH was restored. These
      findings suggest that there is little change in pituitary sensitivity to LH-RH
      infusion between oestrous and non-receptive rabbits, although pseudopregnancy
      (high physiological levels of progesterone) or ovariectomy inhibit its ability to
      respond to a releasing-hormone stimulus.

PMID- 381651
TI  - Male reproductive patterns in nonhibernating bats.
AB  - Knowledge relative to the reproduction of nonhibernating bats is reviewed. Events
      in the male, as they are now understood, are summarized for all families for
      which data exist. Attention is given to the wide species diversity of male
      accessory sex oragns in respect to gross structure and glandular complement.
      Stability or variability or organization of the male reproductive system is
      noted. Functional relationships between primary and accessory sex organs are
      considered and any synchrony between these organs and their functional cyclicity
      identified. Various frequencies of male reproductive cycles are examined for each
      species within families. Factors influencing male reproductive evens in
      nonhibernating Chiroptera are briefly considered. It has long been speculation
      that reproductive cycles under natural conditions are strikingly related to the
      environment, with such features as temperature, moisture, length of day and
      available food all implicated. These cues, however, appear to be filtered through
      varied genetic potential and physiological patterns, since not all species
      respond similarly, even though residing together in a homogeneous environment.
      Variation between certain species in frequency and length of the oestrous cycle
      seem to be accommodated to by parallel adjustments in the male, including
      extended sperm production or storage and continued secretory activity of
      accessory sex glands.

PMID- 381650
TI  - Male reproductive patterns in hibernating bats.

PMID- 381652
TI  - Reproductive asymmetry and unilateral pregnancy in Chiroptera.
AB  - Bats are noteworthy in that anatomical and/or functional asymmetries of the
      female reproductive organs are far more frequent and profound than recorded for
      any other mammalian Order, being observed in representatives of all 13 familis so
      far examined. Asymmetry is expressed as a unilateral dominance of an ovary, the
      uterus, or both. Dextral dominance is most frequent, but cases of sinistral
      dominance are recorded. In general 6 basic patterns of asymmetry are
      recognizable. These are briefly described. Physiological factors which may
      condition expressions of asymmetry in specific cases are discussed, and some
      avenues for future research are suggested.

PMID- 381653
TI  - Female reproductive patterns in hibernating bats.

PMID- 381654
TI  - The anterior pituitary and reproduction in bats.
AB  - This contribution is a review of investigations on the role(s) of the anterior
      pituitary in chiropteran reproduction. Information on this subject has come
      mainly from histological studies of cytological changes during the annual cycle
      and mostly from hibernating temperate-zone species. Although direct evidence is
      unavailable, it appears that variations in the temporal synchronization of
      specific endocrine functions of the pars distalis are involved, at least in part,
      in several of the numerous reproductive specializations found in bats. Mention is
      also made of recent studies on the anterior pituitary of Macrotus californicus
      and its possible involvement in delayed development.

PMID- 381655
TI  - The prolonged storage and survival of spermatozoa in Chiroptera.

PMID- 381656
TI  - Early embryonic development and implantation in bats.

PMID- 381657
TI  - Fetal membranes and placentation in Chiroptera.

PMID- 381658
TI  - The association of pregnancy and breast cancer.

PMID- 381659
TI  - Endocrine physiology of the breast.
AB  - Endocrine physiology of the breast is discussed in regard to both the development
      and functional aspects. The interaction of hormones at the mammary gland level is
      presented from the fetal stage through the reproductive era. The mechanisms of
      galactopoiesis and lactation are discussed. Finally, physiology of prolactin and
      the influence of this hormone upon the breast in physiologic and pathologic
      states is presented.

PMID- 381660
TI  - The teaching of medical ethics in the Federal Republic of Germany.
AB  - Eduard Seidler sets his discussion of the teaching of medical ethics in the
      Federal Republic of Germany against an historical background. Immediately after
      the Second World War the freshness of the memory of the 'Nuremberg Medical
      Trials' influenced the way in which moral dilemmas were treated in Germany. At
      the present time no systematic instruction in medical ethics is provided in
      either undergraduate or postgraduate or continuing medical education. As a result
      of this, an inquiry was set up in 1977/78. Questionnaires were sent out with a
      view to collecting information on how subjects referring to medical ethics are
      treated during medical training. The inquiry showed that no special discipline
      can claim to be the only competent one for medical ethics, but that everyone has
      something to contribute. Dr Seidler concludes by stating that basic curricula
      related to the problems of medical ethics would have to be developed and should
      be carried on continuously within the training programme.

PMID- 381661
TI  - Sib risk of neural tube defect: is prenatal diagnosis indicated in pregnancies
      following the birth of a hydrocephalic child?
AB  - Recurrence frequencies of central nervous system malformations in sibs of
      probands with anencephalus or spina bifida range between 1% and 7%. The frequency
      of hydrocephalus among sibs of such probands is low (0.21%) but, nevertheless, is
      increased 2 to 5-fold when compared to general population frequencies.
      Anencephalus and spina bifida cystica were observed in 1.65% of sibs of children
      with hydrocephalus, a 2- to 8-fold increased over the population frequencies.
      These data indicate that some aetiological factors may be common to all three
      malformations. The risk figure of 1.65% for anencephalus and spina bifida in sibs
      born after the birth of a hydrocephalic proband constitutes sufficient indication
      for prenatal diagnosis by alphafetoprotein determination of the amniotic fluid.

PMID- 381662
TI  - Neural tube malformations: complex segregation analysis and calculation of
      recurrence risks.
AB  - Familial data on neural tube malformations in Great Britain were submitted to
      segregation analysis under the mixed model. Maternal and fetal factors cannot be
      discriminated in the absence of substantial bodies of data on spina bifida
      survivors who reproduce or on half-sibs. Early abortion studies would allow
      differential mortality in utero to be taken into account. After fitting the mixed
      and generalised single locus models, it is concluded that the multifactorial
      model can provisionally be used for calculation of recurrence risks. Pathogenic
      hypotheses implicating twinning seem to rest on little evidence.

PMID- 381664
TI  - Programs developed from concerns for women in medicine.
AB  - Since the Medical College of Pennsylvania, formerly the Woman's Medical College
      of Pennsylvania, became coeducational in 1969, there has been a continued effort
      to maintain the commitment of the institution to its heritage of women in
      medicine. An office has the role of coordinating and stimulating the
      establishment and maintenance of programs relevant to women in medicine
      throughout the institution. These programs are now available to men as well but
      particularly serve women's needs. They include the Summer Premedical Program, the
      Summer Health Policy Program, a restraining program for inactive physicians, a
      demonstration child care project, archives and special collections related to
      women in medicine, a women in medicine oral history project, and a bibliography
      of the literature on women physicians. The Medical College of Pennsylvania will
      continue its interests in the present and future needs of women physicians.

PMID- 381665
TI  - Biotyping and colicine typing of Salmonella typhimurium strains of phage type 141
      isolated in Scotland.
AB  - Cultures of Salmonella typhimurium (551 strains) of phage type 141 isolated in
      Scotland from 1965 to 1977 were examined for biotype and colicine type. Three
      main biotype clones were recognised: If (30 strains), 9f (507 strains) and 31bd
      (11 strains) with subtype variants 9bf (1 strain), 9cf (1 strain) and 31b (1
      strain). The contribution made by each biotype clone to outbreaks in Scotland was
      analysed. The findings confirmed the distinctness of the three biotype clones
      within the single phage type and indicated possible origins of strains of
      biotypes of 9f and 31bd.

PMID- 381663
TI  - May spina bifida result from an X-linked defect in a selective abortion
      mechanism?
AB  - It is suggested that the major genetic factor in determining the birth of
      children with neural tube defects may be a single X-linked gene. It acts as an X
      linked dominant, not by producing neural tube defects, but by enabling the
      affected fetus to survive selective spontaneous abortion. This mechanism,
      mediated at the deciduoplacental junction, may be under the control of both
      maternal and fetal genes. With more mutant alleles, survival would become more
      likely, reaching a maximum in the homozygous affected female fetus of a
      homozygous affected mother. The female excess in anancephaly is greater than that
      in spina bifida because of its prenatal severity, thus requiring relatively more
      mutant alleles for survival.

PMID- 381666
TI  - Assay of the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli in infant rabbits.
AB  - Infant rabbits were shown to respond to Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin
      by a consistent increase in intestinal fluid content, which was maximal 5 h after
      oral dosing. Infant rabbits could be used in a simple quantitative assay for heat
      labile E. coli enterotoxin based on the ratios of gut weight to remaining body
      weight 5 h after oral dosing. Infant rabbits remained responsive to heat-labile
      enterotoxin up to 14 days of age, after which their gastric pH became low enough
      to destroy the enterotoxin. Rabbits that had been deprived of food before being
      dosed had a reduced gastric pH and a reduced response to the enterotoxin.
      Lincomycin andmitomycin C were found not to increase th  e yield of heat-labile
      enterotoxin from E. coli strain P307.

PMID- 381667
TI  - Observations by immunofluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy on the
      cytopathogenicity of Naegleria fowleri in mouse embryo-cell cultures.
AB  - The destruction of secondary mouse-embryo (ME) cells by Naegleria fowleri was
      studied by indirect immunofluorescence with ME-cell antiserum as a specific label
      to trace the fate of mammalian-cell cytoplasm. The appearance of naegleria
      induced cytopathic effect in the cultures coincided with the accumulation of
      discrete particles containing granules of ME-cell antigen within the cytoplasm of
      amoebae, suggesting that the organisms ingested host-cell material. In cultures
      containing cytochalasin B, a non-lethal inhibitor of phagocytosis by N. fowleri
      trophozoites failed to acquire any granular fluorescence and were not
      cytopathogenic. The engulfment of mammalian-cell cytoplasm by the organisms was
      confirmed when thin sections of naegleria-infected ME-cell cultures were examined
      by electron microscopy. Amoebae were seen in the process of detaching portions of
      cytoplasm from whole ME cells by means of distinctive ingesting pseudopodia, and
      fragments of mammalian-cell cytoplasm were identified within the food vacuoles of
      trophozoites. There was no evidence for cytotoxic disruption of ME cells before
      or during engulfment of these fragments. It is concluded that N. fowleri
      trophozoites attack and destroy cultured ME cells by a phagocytosis-like
      mechanism alone, without the aid of any amoeba-associated cytotoxic or cytolytic
      agents. The possible significance of these findings with respect to the in-vivo
      pathocity of N. fowleri is discussed.

PMID- 381669
TI  - Keynote address and C.C. Johnson memorial lecture. Microwave bioeffects research:
      historical perspectives on productive approaches.

PMID- 381668
TI  - Oscillations of membrane potential in L cells. IV. Role of intracellular Ca2+ in
      hyperpolarizing excitability.
AB  - Effects of divalent cations on oscillations of membrane potentials (i.e.,
      spontaneous repetitive hyperpolarizing responses) and on hyperpolarizing
      responses induced by electrical stimuli as well as on resting potentials were
      studied in large nondividing L cells. Deprivation of Ca2+ from the external
      medium inhibited these hyperpolarizing responses accompanying slight
      depolarization of the resting potential Sr2+ or Mn2+ applied to the external
      medium in place of Ca2+ was able to substitute for Ca2+ in the generation of
      hyperpolarizing responses, while Mg2+, Ba2+ or La3+ suppressed hyperpolarizing
      responses. The addition of A23187 to the bathing medium or intracellular
      injection of Ca2+, Sr2+, Mn2+ or La3+ induced membrane hyperpolarization. When
      the external Ca2+, Sr2+ or Mn2+ concentration was increased, the resting
      potential also hyperpolarized, in a saturating manner. The amplitude of maximum
      hyperpolarization produced by high external Ca2+ was of the same order of
      magnitude as those of hyperpolarizing responses and was dependent on the external
      K+ concentration. In the light of these experimental observations, it was deduced
      that the K+ conductance increase associated with the hyperpolarizing excitation
      is the result of an increase in the intracellular concentration of free Ca2+
      mainly derived from the external solution.

PMID- 381670
TI  - Ribosomal RNA genes in the 56 minute region of the Escherichia coli chromosome.

PMID- 381672
TI  - X-ray diffraction and electron microscope studies on the structure of bacterial F
      pili.

PMID- 381671
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the trpC-trpB intercistronic region from Salmonella
      typhimurium.

PMID- 381673
TI  - Integration of the plasmid prophages P1 and P7 into the chromosome of Escherichia
      coli.

PMID- 381674
TI  - The nucleotide sequence recognized by the Escherichia coli K12 restriction and
      modification enzymes.

PMID- 381676
TI  - Use of gene fusions to isolate promoter mutants in the transfer RNA gene tyrT of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 381675
TI  - Fusions of the lac operon to the transfer RNA gene tyrT of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 381677
TI  - Saccharin: the problem of sucrose substitutes.

PMID- 381678
TI  - Cobb receives honorary degree from the Witwatersrand.

PMID- 381679
TI  - Development, growth rate, degree of malignancy, and chromosome pattern of Morris
      transplantable hepatomas.
AB  - A spectrum of chemically induced transplantable adenocarcinomas of the rat
      hepatocyte was developed in inbred strains of rats. For the most part, the tumors
      showed remarkable stability in growth rate between 1973 and 1976, as determined
      by months between transfers. A few tumors were slower-growing in 1976 than in
      1973, and a few tumors of intermediate growth rate were somewhat slower-growing
      in 1973 than in 1976. Percentage distributions of chromosomes of six aneuploid
      hepatoma are presented. The most homogeneous cell lines were a haploid and a
      hyperdiploid line. The karyotype of each hepatoma had a consistent number of
      abnormal chromosomes. Lung metastases were observed in almost all cell lines.

PMID- 381680
TI  - Kupffer cell suspensions and cultures as a tool in experimental carcinogenesis.
AB  - Approximately one-third of the cells in the liver are nonhepatocytes. Of these,
      the Kupffer cells, or phagocytes lining the sinusoids, are of particular
      significance since environmental carcinogens must first traverse a Kupffer cell
      barrier before reaching the liver parenchyma. Phagocytosis and subsequent
      degradation of carcinogens by Kupffer cells lead to their permanent removal.
      Factors such as membrane receptors, which determine the avidity of Kupffer cells
      for various substances, would consequently have a decisive role in the primary
      interaction between carcinogens and Kupffer cells. Likewise, the intracellular
      lysosomal apparatus, which determines the ability of these cells to degrade
      various substances, would determine whether these substances can persist in an
      active form. In vivo data on Kupffer cell clearance of various substances are
      plentiful. However, to dissect the complex problem of Kupffer cell interaction
      with carcinogens, a clear-cut in vitro system would certainly be useful. A system
      for separating Kupffer cells from other types of liver cells and maintaining pure
      Kupffer cell cultures has been achieved in recent years. Some basic cell
      biological studies--such as studies of membrane receptors and lysosomal enzyme
      apparatus--have already been carried out. It could now be rewarding to adopt the
      system for in vitro studies of Kupffer cell interactions with carcinogens.

PMID- 381681
TI  - Immunopathological studies of Plasmodium berghei infected mice: (effect of carbon
      particles).
AB  - An attempt was made to block the role of the macrophages in the immune response
      by saturating them with carbon particles. The experiment was performed on Swiss
      albino female mice injected intraperitoneally with 10(5) P. berghei berghei.
      These mice were injected with carbon particles of 20 mgs on the day before the
      inoculation and again 10 mgs on day 4 and day 9 after the inoculation. The degree
      of parasitaemia was slightly higher throughout the experiment in the infected
      mice treated with carbon than in those untreated. By direct immunofluorescent
      method the free floating form of malaria antigen was detected in the infected
      organs (liver, kidney and spleen) on day 3 of infection onwards. The antigen was
      more intense in the carbon treated mice than in the untreated ones. The granular
      form of the antigen in the walls of glomerular capillaries of the kidney, in the
      Kupffer cells of the liver and in the reticulo-endothelial cells of the spleen,
      the malarial antibody and the immune complex (malaria antigen, antibody and mouse
      beta 1 C globulin) in the kidney were detected later on (day 11).

PMID- 381682
TI  - Pattern and dynamics of teratospermia induced in rams by parenteral treatment
      with ethylene dibromide.

PMID- 381683
TI  - The effect of ethylene dibromide on differentiation of the acrosome, nucleus, and
      transient nuclear appendages in ram spermatids.

PMID- 381685
TI  - Are class I (pre-early) proteins of bacteriophage T5 sufficient to induce
      abortive infection of ColIb+ Escherichia coli?
AB  - When T5 bacteriophage infect a colicin Ib-containing host, a variety of membrane
      changes and inhibition of macromolecular synthesis occur. This work shows that
      all these changes also occur when a mutant of T5 that can only inject 8% of its
      DNA is used. This indicates that all the information necessary for the abortive
      infection is present on this 8% (first-step-transfer) DNA.

PMID- 381686
TI  - Transduction of bacteriophage lambda by bacteriophage T1.
AB  - When bacteriophage T1 was grown on bacteriophage lambda-lysogenic cells,
      phenotypically mixed particles were formed which had the serum sensitivity, host
      range, and density of T1 but which gave rise to lambda phage. T1 packaged lambda
      genomes more efficiently both when the length of the prophage was less than that
      of wild-type lambda and when the host cell was polylysogenic. Expression of the
      red genes of lambda or the recE system of Escherichia coli during T1 growth
      enhanced pickup of lambda by T1, whereas packaging was reduced in recB cells. If
      donors were singly lysogenic, the expression of transduced lambda genomes as a
      PFU required lambda-specified excisive recombination, whereas lambda genomes
      transduced from polylysogens required only lambda- or E. coli-specified general
      recombination to give a productive infection.

PMID- 381684
TI  - Amino acid and sugar transport in Escherichia coli (ColIb) during abortive
      infection by bacteriophage T5.
AB  - T5 bacteriophage cannot replicate in Escherichia coli containing the
      colicinogenic factor ColIb. We show that active transport of proline and
      glutamine begins to decline at about 10 min after infection, the same time at
      which macromolecular synthesis stops during abortive infection. Uptake of alpha
      methylglucoside is stimulated, however, and this change is evident even by 5 min
      after infection. These changes in membrane function do not occur during
      infections that are productive because of mutations on the plasmid or phage. The
      results suggest that the abortive infection is caused by membrane depolarization.

PMID- 381687
TI  - Fournier's syndrome: necrotizing subcutaneous infection of the male genitalia.

PMID- 381688
TI  - Impaired renal allograft function: a comparative study with angiography and
      histopathology.
AB  - We reviewed 47 renal transplant recipients who had undergone angiography and
      transplant biopsy to evaluate impaired allograft function. Angiographic criteria
      for rejection were seen in all allografts with hyperacute rejection, accelerated
      rejection and chronic rejection, and in 13 of 17 allografts with acute cellular
      rejection. Angiography was normal in allografts with vasomotor nephropathy or
      transplant glomerulopathy. Angiography is an accurate method for the diagnosis of
      most causes of post-transplant dysfunction.

PMID- 381689
TI  - The significance of cancer after renal transplantation.
AB  - Cancer developing after renal transplantation is a well documented event that has
      clinical importance and immunologic implications. The incidence and severity of
      these malignancies are not of the magnitude to discourage the use of
      transplantation as major treatment for chronic renal failure. Suppression of the
      immune surveillance system has been believed to be the cause of cancer after
      transplantation but recent data suggest that cancer after transplantation does
      not constitute acceptable evidence for the immune surveillance theory.

PMID- 381691
TI  - Use of full thickness patch graft in urethrovaginal fistula.
AB  - A full thickness free graft of labium minor was used to repair a large
      urethrovaginal fistula that could not be bridged otherwise. A successful result
      was obtained with relief of incontinence and a normal caliber urethra 14 months
      postoperatively. The question is posed as to the applicability of this technique
      in vesicovaginal fistulas.

PMID- 381692
TI  - United States postage stamp, issued in 1869, honoring Benjamin Rush.

PMID- 381690
TI  - Dissociation of urethral and anal sphincter activity in neurogenic bladder
      dysfunction.
AB  - In 53 patients with suspected neurogenic bladder dysfunction carbon dioxide
      cystometry was done in combination with urethral and anal sphincter
      electromyography. Complete dissociation between the reflex activity of the 2
      sphincters was found in 25 per cent of the patients and only 58 per cent of the
      patients had identical reflex activity. It is concluded that anal sphincter
      electromyography is highly unreliable in the diagnosis of urethral sphincter
      dysfunction.

PMID- 381693
TI  - Dr John Wall. A profile in porcelain, painting, and pectoral pain.

PMID- 381694
TI  - Transplantation of a horseshoe kidney.

PMID- 381695
TI  - J. Englebert Dunphy, MD: humor and healing.

PMID- 381696
TI  - Gogarty and Joyce.

PMID- 381697
TI  - Gaspard Bauhin.

PMID- 381698
TI  - A direct hepatotoxic effect of valproic acid.
AB  - Nine patients treated with valproic acid had low plasma fibrinogen concentration
      and other liver function abnormalities. Several patients also had a low platelet
      count and prolonged bleeding time. The abnormal values returned promptly to
      normal when the drug therapy was discontinued or the dosage reduced. The liver
      function abnormalities are consistent with a direct, dose-related hepatotoxicity.

PMID- 381699
TI  - Myths, morbidity, and mortality in asthma.
AB  - Persistence of outmoded concepts or "myths" concerning the diagnosis and
      treatment of asthma probably is responsible for large economic losses,
      overutilization of hospital beds, and many preventable deaths. There have been
      many worthwhile studies refuting these myths, leading to the following
      conclusions: Asthma consists of much more than wheezing and in many cases must be
      treated long after wheezing stops. There is no convincing evidence relating the
      chronic pulmonary changes of asthma to the psyche. Modern methods of prescribing
      theophylline have not made it universally effective and safe. Intermittent
      postive-pressure breathing is rarely justified in asthma. Respiratory acidosis
      may be corrected only by improving alveolar ventilation. Corticosteroids are
      usually essential for control of severe asthma and may be used safely. Severe
      asthmatics need careful monitoring because sudden respiratory failure may occur.

PMID- 381700
TI  - Drug resistance pattern and serotype of beta hemolytic streptococci isolated in
      Japan and other countries (1975--1977).

PMID- 381701
TI  - The determination of ADNase-B titers.

PMID- 381703
TI  - Observation on the movement of streptococcal infection.

PMID- 381702
TI  - The significance of measurement of anti-deoxyribonuclease-B in the patients with
      streptococcal infection.

PMID- 381704
TI  - [Change in complement titers of dogs under endotoxemia].

PMID- 381705
TI  - [American Society of Anesthesiologists --development and present status (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 381707
TI  - [Sero-types and drug sensitivity of Serratia marcescens isolated from
      pathological specimens, with special reference to hospital infections. II.
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 381706
TI  - [Cyclopropane--a revolutionary anaesthetic agent which died in its birthplace
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 381709
TI  - [Bibliography of antibiotics in Japan. CLXXX].

PMID- 381708
TI  - [Sensitivity of frequent-occurring isolates in outpatients to routinely-used
      antibiotics (author's transl)].
AB  - The susceptibility of microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus
      pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella
      spp. and Haemophilus influenzae) frequently occurring in outpatients (treated by
      practitioners) to six kinds of antibiotics [ampicillin (ABPC), cefazolin (CEZ),
      erythromycin (EM), minocycline (MNC), gentamicin (GM) and thiamphenicol (TP)] was
      determined by the standard method established by the Japan Society of
      Chemotherapy. 1) There were few multiple-antibiotic-resistant urine isolates from
      patients with a simple urinary tract infection, whereas urine isolates from
      patients with a complicated urinary tract infection contained many multiple
      antibiotic resistant organisms. 2) Isolates from patients with a respiratory
      tract infection (sputum and tonsillar secretions isolates) and isolates from
      patients with acute purulent otitis media (purulent discharge isolates) contained
      few multiple-antibiotic-resistant organisms except for EM-resistant Streptococcus
      pyogenes. 3) Superficial pus isolates contained many multiple-antibiotic
      resistant organisms, while bile isolates were relatively free from multiple
      antibiotic resistant organisms. 4) When the results of the previous8,9) and
      present investigations were compared with the reports of other Japanese
      investigators1,5,6), suggestive evidence was provided that organisms resistant to
      macrolides and chloramphenicol showed a tendency to decrease, whereas organisms
      resistant to penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycoside antibiotics were on
      the increase.

PMID- 381710
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CLIV.

PMID- 381711
TI  - Pathological studies in experimental Candida endocarditis.
AB  - Mycotic endocarditis was produced in rabbits by indwelling intracardiac catheters
      filled with a suspension of Candida albicans. Grossly, cardiac lesions consisted
      of massive fungoid valvular vegetations and/or "sleeve thrombi" surrounding the
      catheter. Microscopically, platelet-fibrin aggregates were observed to be loosely
      attached to the valvular cusps. With time, the vegetations became organized and
      more firmly attached against the endocardium. Also observed was a heavy
      neutrophylic collar often containing Candida cells which infiltrate the
      subendothelial tissues of the valvular cusps. Sterile endocardial lesions were
      produced by retained catheters. The lesions consisted of discrete, glistening,
      hemispherical nodules in the right heart; and similar elevated plaques on the
      mural endocardium of the left ventricle. Microscopically, these lesions consisted
      of fibrous connective tissues devoid of inflammatory cells. The lesions in the
      left ventricle were more extensive, extending into the myocardium.

PMID- 381712
TI  - [Regulation of thrombopoiesis--recent advances in thrombopoietin (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 381713
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 381714
TI  - [Kinetics of immune hemolysis and complement one-hit theory].

PMID- 381715
TI  - [Biological characteristics and pathological significance of alternative
      pathway].

PMID- 381716
TI  - [Classification of allergy and forms of complement participation].

PMID- 381717
TI  - [Biological effects and the mechanism of complement activation--cytolytic
      reactions].

PMID- 381718
TI  - [Biological effects and the mechanism of complement activation--interaction among
      complement, coagulation, fibrinolysis and kinin generation system].

PMID- 381719
TI  - [Complement producing cells and turnover of complement].

PMID- 381720
TI  - [Determination of activities and components of complement in human body fluid:
      evaluation studies].

PMID- 381721
TI  - [Congenital complement deficiency].

PMID- 381723
TI  - [Phylogeny and ontogeny of the complement system].

PMID- 381722
TI  - [Progress in the immunochemical studies of complement--including the
      establishment of nomenclature of complement proteins].

PMID- 381724
TI  - [Progress in the methods of isolation and purification of complement components].

PMID- 381725
TI  - [Activation mechanism and reaction process of the complement system--the
      classical pathway].

PMID- 381726
TI  - [Activation mechanism and reaction process of the complement system--the
      alternative pathway].

PMID- 381727
TI  - [New biological activity of complement and solubilization of immune complexes].

PMID- 381728
TI  - [Homeostasis of the complement system--complement inhibitors].

PMID- 381729
TI  - [Complement inhibitors and their action mechanism].

PMID- 381730
TI  - [Class, sub-class and complement activating capacity of immunoglobulins].

PMID- 381731
TI  - Dry up method as a revised Limulus test with a new technique for gelatin
      inhibitor removing.
AB  - To detect endotoxins, Limulus test, especially its tube method, is recently used
      most widely. But this method has shortcomings considerably, for example, the lack
      of the objectivity on the judgement, the necessity of long handling time and the
      requirement of relatively large amount of Limulus lysate. To revise these
      shortcomings we established a new method. In our method, sample and Limulus
      lysate are mixed on a silicone coated slide glass and incubated at 37 degrees C
      for 30 min, then heated to dry up for the judgement. In samples which contain
      protein, the pretreatments with (NH4)2SO4, dilution and boiling are performed to
      remove gelation inhibitor. It was proved that this method could be applied to
      such samples as physiological saline, plasma, urine, transudate, exudate,
      cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and suspension of Escherichia coli (E. coli). This
      method has advantages in its (1) objectivity of the judgement because of the
      clear difference of the dry up patterns between positive reaction and negative,
      (2) shortness of the handling time (results can be obtained within 2 hr from
      sampling), (3) requirement of little amount of sample and of Limulus lysate (a
      fifth volume of sample and a tenth volume of lysate are needed compared with the
      conventional method) and (4) sensitivity (0.1 or 0.5 ng/ml of lipopolysaccharide
      (LPS)).

PMID- 381732
TI  - Pathogenicity of cultivated murine leprosy bacilli of Hawaiian-Ogawa strain in
      mice. 3. Transmission of bacilli recovered from subcutaneous leproma induced with
      smooth-colony variants.

PMID- 381733
TI  - Antibodies against cultured B-cell lines in renal transplant recipients.

PMID- 381734
TI  - [Carcinoembryonic antigen (author's transl)].

PMID- 381735
TI  - [Chromosome changes induced by industrial chemicals (author's transl)].
AB  - Radiation-induced chromosome damage has been widely recognized and intensively
      studied. Recently, attention is placed on chromosome changes induced by various
      industrial chemicals. In case of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation,
      chromosome breaks are characterized as one of the most sensitive biological
      effects. Chromosome breaks among industrial workers who dealt with benzene, vinyl
      chloride monomer or styrene have also been reported. Moreover, relationship
      between chromosome changes and exposure to environmental lead, cadmium and
      mercury compounds have been studied. Ionizing radiation, benzene and vinyl
      chloride monomer are known also as industrial carcinogens and attention is now
      placed on carcinogenicity of clastogens or chromosome breaking agents. In the
      present paper, our studies on in vitro chromosome breakage induced by benzene and
      its metabolites as well as cadmium, lead, and chromium compounds are reviewed.
      Also, inhibition of repair of radiation-induced chromosome breaks by clastogens
      is reported. Significance of cytogenetic studies in industrial medicine is also
      discussed.

PMID- 381736
TI  - [The therapeutical effect of dipyridamole on chronic glomerulonephritis and
      nephrotic syndrome in large dose administration--the study in a double blind
      group comparison method (author's transl)].

PMID- 381737
TI  - [Study of the dawn of the modern nursing history].

PMID- 381738
TI  - [Personal history of Miss Matsu Ebine, a former army nurse].

PMID- 381739
TI  - Characteristics of adrenocortical function, gastrin release and gastric secretion
      in duodenal ulcer etiology.
AB  - Measurements of serum cortisol and gastrin along with gastric acid-pepsin
      secretion in the resting state were carried out in gastric and duodenal ulcer
      patients. Increased basal corticosteroid concentrations were observed in patients
      with duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer. Higher concentrations of the hormone were
      observed in the former group (P less than 0.05 for the latter). Fasting gastrin
      levels were significantly higher in gastric ulcer patients where gastric
      secretion is low than those in duodenal ulcer patients (P less than 0.001). These
      results suggest that the effect of adrenal cortical hormone on lowering the
      threshold of oxyntic gland cell reactivity against gastrin is an important factor
      in duodenal ulcer etiology. Extra-antral control mechanism(s) of gastric acid
      pepsin secretion should not be overlooked.

PMID- 381740
TI  - [A study on cellular immunity in bladder cancer, with special reference to
      leukocyte adherence (author's transl)].

PMID- 381742
TI  - 1978: Cocaine in perspective.

PMID- 381741
TI  - A longitudinal epizootiological study of Salmonella infection on a piggery: a
      study on the mode of contamination by biotyping of Salmonella typhimurium and by
      the antibiogram.

PMID- 381744
TI  - Emergency treatment of snakebites.

PMID- 381743
TI  - Oxygen therapy.

PMID- 381745
TI  - Incident reporting. Law and the emergency nurse.

PMID- 381746
TI  - Traumatic amputation. Trauma Notebook 19.

PMID- 381747
TI  - Taking a psychosocial stress "pulse".

PMID- 381748
TI  - Legislating mortality.

PMID- 381749
TI  - Avulsed scalp replantation.

PMID- 381750
TI  - Premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer: one disease or two?

PMID- 381751
TI  - Treatment of metastatic endocrine-unresponsive carcinoma of the prostate gland
      with multiagent chemotherapy: indicators of response to therapy.
AB  - Eighty-eight patients with metastatic and hormonally unresponsive carcinoma of
      the prostate gland were treated with a multiagent chemotherapy protocol. Because
      of the difficulty in evaluating the response of patients to therapy, data were
      collected in a prospective fashion and analyzed for clinical or laboratory
      changes that correlated with improved survivorship. Decrease of initially
      abnormal values of either acid or alkaline phosphotase into the normal range was
      associated with prolonged survival; weight gain of more than 10% was also
      associated with improved survival. Thirty-three patients demonstrated a fall of
      acid or alkaline phosphatase into the normal range or they increased their weight
      by at least 10%. The median survival time for this group of patients was 76.1
      weeks as compared to 28.2 weeks for patients who failed to exhibit these changes.
      In future studies of the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer, these changes
      might be used as criteria of response to therapy.

PMID- 381752
TI  - Cell surface glycoproteins of human tumor cell lines: unusual characteristics of
      malignant melanoma.
AB  - Cell surface glycoproteins of human tumor cell lines (melanomas and astrocytomas,
      and ovarian, bladder, stomach, cervical, laryngeal, and renal cancers) were
      studied by labelling with 1) neuraminidase-galactose oxidase-[3H]borohydride, 2)
      galactose oxidase-[3H]borohydride, and 3) dilute periodate-[3H]borohydride. The
      labeled components were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and
      fluorography. Each tumor type had a distinctive pattern of labeled glycoproteins
      when the results from both procedures 1 and 2 were considered. Cell surface
      glycoproteins of malignant melanoma could not be labeled by procedure 2, whereas
      the other cell lines had at least two major glycoproteins that could be labeled
      by this method. Very similar profiles of melanoma glycoproteins were labeled by
      procedures 1 and 3. From these results the conclusion was reached that cell
      surface glycoproteins of melanomas are substituted with sialic acid so that their
      D-galactose and/or N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues are available for oxidation
      by galactose oxidase only after neuraminidase treatment. An alternative
      explanation that these sugars are sterically accessible to galactose oxidase only
      after neuraminidase treatment also has to be considered. All melanoma lines
      studied were characterized by having two major cell surface glycoproteins with
      molecular weights of 110,000 and 90,000, respectively. Lines, however, varied
      considerably in their expression of other components. In particular,
      heterogeneity was shown in the expression of gp220, a component identified as
      fibronectin by immunoprecipitation with a specific antiserum, and in the
      expression of gp37/32, a pair of glycoproteins having the characteristics of la
      like antigens. Of the other cell lines studied, astrocytomas most closely
      resembled melanoma in their glycoprotein profiles. The brain tumors, however, had
      two or three glycoproteins, including gp110, which could be labeled by galactose
      oxidase-[3H]borohydride without neuraminidase treatment.

PMID- 381754
TI  - Anti-inflammatory effect of spontaneous lymphoma in SJL/J mice.
AB  - Histiocytic lymphomas develop spontaneously in about 80% of SJL/J mice between
      the ages of 8 and 14 months. These animals were used for the determination of
      whether spontaneously arising cancers compromise monocyte function similar to the
      monocyte defects described during growth of transplanted tumors. SJL/J mice with
      tumors accumulated significantly fewer macrophages than did age-matched animals
      without tumors either on sc implanted filters or in peritoneal exudates induced
      by phytohemagglutinin. There was no corresponding defect in polymorphonuclear
      neutrophil responses. Whereas no apparent correlation existed between tumor size
      and degree of inhibition, animals without demonstrable tumors had no inflammatory
      defects. Aging did not alter the inflammatory response to implanted filters but
      increased both the resident peritoneal macrophage population and the total
      macrophage yield to phytohemagglutinin provocation. When given transplants of
      histiocytic lymphomas, young SJL/J mice developed similar inflammatory defects.
      This study represents the first demonstration that spontaneous tumors, in
      addition to transplanted tumors, produce abnormalities in monocyte inflammatory
      responses.

PMID- 381753
TI  - Binding of carcinogenic halogenated hydrocarbons to cell macromolecules.
AB  - Ethylene dibromide (EDB), a known stomach carcinogen, and ethylene dichloride
      (EDC), which is carcinogenic to the liver, have been shown in in vitro
      experiments to bind covalently to stomach and hepatic microsomal proteins and to
      salmon sperm DNA. The binding of EDB or EDC with proteins was not significant
      when denatured microsomes were used or when DNA was used in the absence of
      microsomes. The binding of EDB to these macromolecules was augmented with
      increasing concentrations of microsomes. SKF-525A, an inhibitor of the microsomal
      metabolism of various substrates, significantly inhibited the binding of EDB to
      protein and DNA. These findings suggest that metabolic activation of EDB and EDC
      is required for their covalent binding to macromolecules. Glutathione and 1
      methyl-2-mercaptolmidazole markedly decreased the binding of EDB, which indicated
      that a reactive electrophilic intermediate(s) of EDB is (are) involved in the
      binding. The binding of EDC to liver proteins of (C57BL/6 X C3//He)F1 mice, which
      are susceptible to liver tumor induction by EDC and to DNA, was significantly
      higher than the corresponding binding for Osborne-Mendel rats, a species not
      susceptible to liver tumor induction by this compound.

PMID- 381755
TI  - Adamantinoma of the appendicular skeleton.
AB  - Adamantinoma is a slowly developing tumor originating in the bones of the
      extremities and containing cells that resemble amelioblasts but do not produce
      enamel. Anamantinoma's clinically and histologically benign appearance is
      deceptive, for the recurrence rate is high unless surgical extirpation is
      complete. Thus, aggressive surgical excision of the involved area of bone should
      be performed at the time of diagnosis. Allograft substitution may be an effective
      alternative to amputation.

PMID- 381756
TI  - Free hypothenar full-thickness grafts for distal digital defects.
AB  - The application of free full-thickness grafts of palmar skin from the hypothenar
      area is advocated for full thickness digital tip defects too large for open
      treatment. The traditional objection to this site as a donor for full-thickness
      skin on the basis of sensitivity and pain has not been confirmed. Strict,
      meticulous attention to detail is required for success in utilizing this
      technique. Other methods of treatment are reviewed and indications, advantages,
      and disadvantages of the free full-thickness graft of hypothenar skin are
      discussed.

PMID- 381758
TI  - [Profile: Ichiko Okawa who helps the speaker on the other end of the phone
      through "telephone of life", a volunteer activity].

PMID- 381757
TI  - Robert A. Robinson.

PMID- 381759
TI  - [Profile: Toshiko Tadamasa wrestles with continued education, having become the
      chief of Education Division, Japanese Nursing Association last April].

PMID- 381760
TI  - [Life of Seki Yasura, mother of public health nursing in Japan. (1)].

PMID- 381761
TI  - [Profile: Akihiko Hirano, a student of the first class in the faculty of nursing,
      Chiba University, who says, "I want to observe community nursing from inside the
      institution. In the future, in the community, I will"].

PMID- 381762
TI  - [A life of Seki Hora, the mother of public health nursing in Japan. (2)].

PMID- 381763
TI  - [Cardiac metabolism. 2. Glucose and free fatty acid metabolism during exertion,
      anoxia and ischemia].

PMID- 381765
TI  - [Atrial fibrillation waves on the electrocardiogram].

PMID- 381766
TI  - [Prof. Helmut Patzer 60 years old].

PMID- 381764
TI  - [Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) and current approaches to diagnosis and
      treatment].

PMID- 381767
TI  - [Neuroblastoma in children. Clinical staging and management (author's transl)].
AB  - Sixty-four children with neuroblastoma stage I to III c are presented. The
      coordinated management utilizing surgical excision, irradiation (2--5.000 rad) in
      stage II and III and multiagent chemotherapy is described. Favorable sites were
      abdomen (30) and thorax (22). In ten cases the primary site was unknown. The
      prognosis is influenced by several factors: Patients under 1 year of age without
      evidence of bone or bone marrow metastases have a favorable outcome (13/15).
      Nearly all patients with lesions of bone or generalized tumor in bone and/or bone
      marrow (stage III b and III c) failed to attain long term disease free survival
      despite combination chemotherapy and the use of radiation therapy (33/34). No
      relation between histological or biochemical characteristics and prognosis could
      be found. Biochemical determinations however are useful as an index of response
      to treatment. Prognosis was independent from sex. A review of the literature and
      on attempt to improve the therapeutic efficancy in stage III are reported.

PMID- 381769
TI  - [Soluble mediators as a means of communication between lymphozytes in immune
      reactions (author's transl)].
AB  - Soluble mediators play an important role in the positive and negative regulation
      of immune reactions. This has been particularly well documented for T-B
      cooperation in the humoral immune response to T-dependent antigens. T-helper
      cells produce a T-cell replacing Factor (TRF) upon mitogenic or antigenic
      stimulation. It provides the signal to antigen triggered B-cells to begin with
      active antibody synthesis and secretion and thus it is a positively regulating
      mediator. Additional functional and some structural characteristics of TRF are
      described. Antigen specific and non-specific suppressor factors seem to be
      involved in the negative regulation of immune responses. Thus, the communication
      between cells of the immune system is largely conducted via soluble signal
      substances.

PMID- 381771
TI  - Characterization of human pepsin II obtained from purified gastric pepsinogen II.
AB  - Human pepsinogen II (PgII) was purified from human gastric mucosa by
      immunoadsorbents using anti-PgII antiserum. Contaminating pepsinogen I (PgI) was
      adsorbed by a subsequent anti-PgI immunoadsorbent. PgII was further purified on
      DEAE-Sphadex A50. By agar gel enzyme electrophoresis (AEE) at pH 8.2 PgII was
      separated into five proteolytic bands, demonstrated upon acidification and
      incubation with hemoglobin. PgII was converted to pepsin II (PII) by
      acidification at pH 2.0 and was immediately separated from its inhibitory peptide
      and from other substances by DEAE chromatography. Purified PII showed two bands
      in AEE at pH 5.6 and was immunochemically identical with PgII. The "gastricsin"
      and "pepsin" purified from acid gastric juice by classical procedures proved to
      be identical with PII and pepsin I (PI), respectively. PII showed a broad pH
      range with one maximum at pH 2.9. PII in contrast to PI did not hydrolize N
      acetylphenylalanyl-3,5-diiodotyrosine and proved to be more alkali-stable than
      PI. A modified nomenclature is proposed for the human pepsinogen system.

PMID- 381772
TI  - John James Audubon and his Charleston physician-friends.

PMID- 381773
TI  - Robert Mills' sources for the South Carolina Lunatic Asylum, 1822.

PMID- 381768
TI  - [Cell receptor defects as the cause of endocrine and metabolic diseases (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The following pathogenetic mechanisms, exemplified by three diseases (diabetes
      mellitus, hyperthyroidism and familial hypercholesterolemia), are discussed: 1.
      The impaired interaction between a chemical signal and a specific receptor can be
      the cause of a disease. 2. The cause for an imparied interaction can be a defect
      of the receptor, i.e., a reduced number of receptors or an altered receptor
      affinity, or a wrong signal. 3. A defect of the receptor can be induced by
      exogenous influences or it can be determined genetically. 4. The receptor and the
      signal can be modified by their interaction: the number of receptors is reduced
      by high concentrations of the chemical signal or by increased degradation due to
      binding to the receptor. 5. The receptor concept opens new perspectives for the
      pathogenetic understanding, diagnosis and therapy of some diseases.

PMID- 381770
TI  - Characterization of human pepsin I obtained from purified gastric pepsinogen I.
AB  - Immunochemical homogeneous human pepsinogen I-group (PgI) was purified by solid
      immunoadsorbent and by DEAE-chromatography from gastric mucosa. PgI contained
      five electrophoretic distinct bands at pH 8.2 but only four bands at pH 5.6.
      After acid activation human pepsin (PI) was separated from the inhibitory peptide
      by affinity chromatography using poly-L-lysine. Purified PgI contained 9-16% of
      the inhibitory peptide. The yield of PI was 64 to 85%. A 65% increase of specific
      activity was observed. PI demonstrated three bands in agar gel electrophoresis at
      pH 5.6. The pH range of PI was rather wide, showing two maxima at pH 2.0 and pH
      3.0 with hemoglobin as substrate. Irreverisble inactivation of PI was observed at
      pH 7.0 and at a temperature of 60 degrees C. The Km-value of PI was 0.170 mmol as
      determined with N-acetyl-L-phenyl-alanyl-L-3,5 diiodotyrosine. The specific
      activity was 9.6 IU/mg (hemoglobin substrate) and 0.032 IU/mg (dipeptide
      substrate). Porc pepsinogen (PPg) and its activated pepsin (PP) was used for
      comparison. PP showed indentical elution patterns in affinity chromatography. In
      AEE PPg and PP demonstrated both two components at pH 5.6 with different
      electrophoretic mobilities. The pH optimum of PP was observed at pH 2.0. PP was
      slightly more sensitive in alkali and heat inactivation than human P. A higher Km
      value of PP of 0.082 mmol and higher specific activity as compared to human PI
      was observed.

PMID- 381775
TI  - Medical history in South Carolina: the state of the art.

PMID- 381774
TI  - Tuberculosis in South Carolina.

PMID- 381776
TI  - The Lancet: Wakley's instrument for medical education reform.

PMID- 381778
TI  - Donald Hunter.

PMID- 381779
TI  - Vascular resistance and urinary flow in the ischemic kidney during 48- to 96-hr
      perfusion.

PMID- 381777
TI  - Target organs. The blood.

PMID- 381780
TI  - Tennessee Dental Association. Directory and membership roster. 1977--78.

PMID- 381781
TI  - James W. Hays, M.D. 91st President--Tennessee Medical Association.

PMID- 381782
TI  - Surgical repair of large myelomeningocele.

PMID- 381783
TI  - Bone marrow transplantation-1979.

PMID- 381784
TI  - Human lymphocyte subpopulations: effects of glucocorticoids in vitro.

PMID- 381785
TI  - In vitro effect of prolactin, prostaglandin F2 alpha and cycloheximide on 20
      alpha-dihydro-progesterone synthesis in pseudo-pregnant rat ovaries.

PMID- 381786
TI  - Abstracts of Current Literature.

PMID- 381787
TI  - Jellinek's typology of alcoholism. Some historical antecedents.

PMID- 381788
TI  - Shifting perspectives on the alcoholism treatment movement 1940--1955.
AB  - Relationships between the Yale Center of Alcohol Studies, considered to be
      representative of the alcoholism treatment movement, and various temperance
      groups, clergy and spokesmen for the alcoholic beverage industry are examined.

PMID- 381789
TI  - Disulfiram in the treatment of alcoholism; a review.

PMID- 381790
TI  - The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. 1979-80. Officers. List of
      members.

PMID- 381791
TI  - The physiopathology of Friend leukemia.

PMID- 381792
TI  - Total joint arthroplasty. Biologic causes of failure.
AB  - Hypersensitivity reactions and deep sepsis are the primary forms of biologic
      failure of total joint arthroplasty. Hypersensitivity reactions appear to be
      related to metal debris associated with metal articulating with metal
      arthroplasties. Although the incidence of deep sepsis following total joint
      arthroplasty is lower than initially feared, it remains a serious problem for
      both the patient and the surgeon. Fixation of prosthetic devices with methyl
      methacrylate appears safe. However, improved methods of fixation which are more
      compatible with osseous tissue are currently under study. The advantages of
      porous materials and the results of laboratory studies are reviewed.

PMID- 381793
TI  - Non-enzymatic, post-translational, amino acid modifications in ageing. A brief
      review.
AB  - Accumulated evidence implicates two non-enzymatic, post-translational, amino acid
      modifications -- deamidation of asparagine and glutamine, and racemization of
      aspartic acid -- as potentially important reactions in cellular and organismal
      ageing. Rates of deamidation can be genetically regulated over a range of at
      least six days to ten years, and this release of ammonia from amides causes
      molecular conformational changes, loss of activity, and age-related alterations
      in a number of proteins in vivo. Racemized aspartic acid amasses with age,
      especially in croslinked and partly degraded proteins of the normal ageing human
      lens and yellow cataracts. In both cases, modification of amino acids could
      account for the accumulation of altered proteins observed with ageing in the
      cells of certain organisms.

PMID- 381794
TI  - Autoantibodies in healthy subjects of different age groups.
AB  - Autoantibody determinations in 1284 healthy Caucasian subjects of various age
      groups were made by indirect immunofluorescence for anti-nuclear, anti-gastric,
      and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. A sex-dependent relationship between age and
      prevalence of anti-gastric and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies was found. No
      association was found between age and anti-nuclear antibodies.

PMID- 381795
TI  - Utilization review in the United States: results from a 1976-1977 national survey
      of hospitals.

PMID- 381796
TI  - [Vibrio cholerae toxin and "enterotoxinogenic" colibacillus toxins. Detection].

PMID- 381797
TI  - [Anatomo-pathological aspects of the liver in systemic bacterial infections].

PMID- 381798
TI  - [Hypergammaglobulinemia in cirrhosis. Pathogenetic aspects].

PMID- 381799
TI  - [Randomized double-blind therapeutic trial of Statiflor and placebo].

PMID- 381800
TI  - [Effect of a clonidine/cyclothiazine preparation in essential hypertension of
      light and middle seriousness].

PMID- 381801
TI  - [Attitudes of physicians toward antibiotic associations. Survey in a hospital
      staff (author's transl)].

PMID- 381802
TI  - [Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: comparative and critical review of international and
      national bibliography (author's transl)].
AB  - Since Zollinger and Ellison described two cases of this disease in 1955 which
      would later recieve their names (ZED), more than 1,000 cases have been published
      in the world literature up to date. In our area around 28 cases have been
      reported in a period of 14 years (1964--1976). The author reviews this disease,
      evaluating and comparing results obtained in this small series, with regard to
      prevalence, clinical manifestations and histopathologic lesions, against those
      obtained in series of large scope. Mean age was 46 years, ranging from 18 to 63
      years, and the male-female ratio was 7:5. Ulcers and diarrhea were present in 100
      percent and in 35 percent of the cases, respectively. The incidence of AEM-1 was
      25 percent. In 85 percent of the cases the existence of a gastrinoma was
      demostrated, being pancreatic in 78 percent and extrapancreatic in 7 percent. In
      10 percent of the cases there was a diffuse hyperplasia of the islet cells, and
      in one case, there was hyperplasia of the G-cells of the antrum. These results
      are very similar to those obtained by different authors.

PMID- 381803
TI  - The pathophysiology of transient cerebral ischemic attacks.

PMID- 381805
TI  - Management of intracranial aneurysm.

PMID- 381806
TI  - Multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 381804
TI  - The surgical management of extracranial and intracranial occlusive disease.
AB  - The role of surgery in preventing transient ischemic attacks and stroke in
      certain occlusive vascular lesions is well-established. This is well-established
      when carotid endarterectomy for carotid stenosis with transient ischemic attacks
      is used. The overall surgical results are best achieved by the frequent
      performance of the procedure and meticulous attention to technical as well as
      medical features of this group of patients at risk. Continuing medical care of
      these patients is essential. The long-term mortality rate is augmented by the
      high incidence of myocardial infarctions. Complete cardiac evaluation and good
      medical care, at the time the patient is initially treated, should subsequently
      minimize this event. Although the microvascular bypass procedures are technically
      feasible and associated with a low mortality rate, their exact role in the
      medical management of patients with intracranial occlusive lesions is unproven.
      However, the procedure offers great promise and an exciting future for
      neurosurgery in stroke therapy.

PMID- 381807
TI  - Neurological complications of Systemic Cancer.

PMID- 381808
TI  - The unresponsive patient.

PMID- 381809
TI  - Treatment of primary brain tumors.

PMID- 381810
TI  - Advances in diagnosis: cranial and spinal computed tomography.

PMID- 381811
TI  - Anticoagulant treatment to prevent cerebral infarction.
AB  - The indications for anticoagulant treatment to prevent cerebral infarction or
      progression of cerebral infarction are now clear. The indications are: (1)
      Prevention of recurrent embolization from a cardiac source (long-term
      anticoaguland treatment). (2) Transient ischemic attacks (particularly
      vertebrobasilar system) if a surgically accessible causative lesion,
      polycythemia, and thrombocytosis are not present (anticoagulants for a few
      months.) (3) Progressing stroke in either systme assuming that the neurological
      defect is partial and CT scan shows no evidence of bleeding (anticoagulants for a
      few months.) (4) Rarely, completed stroke (long-term).

PMID- 381812
TI  - The contribution of the physiologist, William Benjamin Carpenter (1813--1885), to
      the development of the principles of the correlation of forces and the
      conservation of energy.

PMID- 381813
TI  - John Thelwall and the origins of British speech therapy.

PMID- 381814
TI  - Sir John Medina's portraits of the surgeons of Edinburgh.

PMID- 381815
TI  - "Cures without care" "chymical physicians" and mineral waters in seventeenth
      century English medicine.

PMID- 381816
TI  - Blood group serology--the first four decades (1900--1939).

PMID- 381817
TI  - The Scottish Society of the History of Medicine. Report of proceedings, session
      1977--78.

PMID- 381818
TI  - Kenneth Bryn Thomas (1916--1978).

PMID- 381819
TI  - [Cimetidine: a pilot study in Falun].

PMID- 381820
TI  - Looking back: invalid cookery, May 16, 1910.

PMID- 381821
TI  - Some experiences of a private nurse on board a sailing ship, 1904.

PMID- 381823
TI  - Large-scale screening for viral hepatitis.

PMID- 381822
TI  - The role of coenzyme Q10 for preservation of the rat kidney: a model experiment
      for kidney transplantation.

PMID- 381824
TI  - Trial of a micro-ELISA system for detecting hepatitis B surface antigen.

PMID- 381825
TI  - A comparison of three methods for the transport of clinical specimens containing
      anaerobes.

PMID- 381827
TI  - Use of a Faxitron X-ray cabinet for the rapid detection of the end-point of
      decalcification.

PMID- 381826
TI  - Georges Hubert Esbach and the tube albuminometer.

PMID- 381828
TI  - An improved cooked meat medium for the growth of anaerobic bacteria.

PMID- 381829
TI  - [Use of baliz for the treatment of late radiation skin ulcers].

PMID- 381831
TI  - [Index to the Soviet literature on medical radiology for 1977].

PMID- 381830
TI  - [System of collecting and automated processing of the data from hippuran-131I
      renographic studies in mass examinations].

PMID- 381832
TI  - [First legislation by the Soviet government on child nutrition (1918--1919)].

PMID- 381834
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Max Schwab].

PMID- 381833
TI  - [Therapy of acute and chronic hepatitis. A clinical study using Inzolen infusion
      AM].

PMID- 381835
TI  - [Management of hypertension using Bupranolol. Report on experience].

PMID- 381836
TI  - [Anus praeternaturalis--complications and care].

PMID- 381837
TI  - The effect of rifampicin upon the transcription of RNA polymerase beta-gene in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - We studied the rate of synthesis of beta-and beta'-subunits of DNA-dependent RNA
      polymerase and the rate of beta-polypeptide mRNA synthesis in rifampicin-treated
      bacteria. The chosen antibiotic doses did not significantly inhibit the total RNA
      and protein synthesis in rifampicin-sensitive bacteria. For RNA-DNA hybridization
      experiments a pOD162 plasmid was constructed carrying a fragment of the rpoB gene
      and no other chromosome DNA regions. It was found that low doses of rifampicin
      cause an absolute and a relative increase in the rate of synthesis of the
      specific mRNA for the beta-subunit, suggesting a stimulation of the corresponding
      gene transcription and excluding the possibility of a less pronounced inhibition
      of the rpoB gene expression compared to that of most other genes. However the
      relative acceleration of transcription is substantially higher than the absolute
      one. The stimulating effect of rifampicin on the beta-polypeptide synthesis is
      also demonstrated in a coupled system of transcription and translation directed
      by lambda rifd47 DNA. The possible mechanisms of the rifampicin action are
      discussed.

PMID- 381838
TI  - Genetic evidence for the creation of a reinitiation site by mutation inside the
      yeast ura 2 gene.
AB  - The ura 2 gene of yeast codes for two enzymatic activities which are translated
      from a unique messenger RNA in the order carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (CPSase),
      aspartate transcarbamylase (ATCase) (Lacroute, 1968; Denis-Duphil and Kaplan,
      1976). Nonsense mutations in the CPSPase region cause a complete loss in ATCase
      activity by a total polar effect, characteristic of eukaryotic mRNA translation,
      and due to the unique site of protein initiation present on each messenger
      (Shaffer et al., 1969). A triple nonsense mutant in the CPSase has been
      constructed by recombination and ATCase+ revertants have been selected from it.
      Among seventeen revertants obtained, three had a deletion covering the three
      nonsense mutations relieving thus the polar effect (Fink and Styles, 1974) but
      fourteen others examined had retained all the CPSase DNA including the three
      nonsense mutations; this can be explained in the present state of knowledge only
      by the creation by mutation of reinitiation site either for transcription or for
      translation in the region of the ura 2 gene distal to the last nonsense mutation.

PMID- 381839
TI  - Development of a system useful for studying the formation of unstable alleles of
      IS2.
AB  - IS2-induced deletions of the gal control region were isolated in a plasmid
      carrying gal OP-308::IS2-7. This contains a 54 basepair long, unstable mini
      insertion within IS2, thus allowing constitutive expression of the gal structural
      genes. Deletion PPI is 11.9 kilobasepairs (kb) long and is Gal+ because it has
      retained the mini insertion. In PP4 7.2 kb DNA material including markers gal OP,
      chlD and pgl are deleted. PP4 has lost the mini insertion and is therefore Gal
      negative. DNA sequencing of the newly formed junction in PP4 reveals that the
      deletion terminates precisely at nucleotide 1 of IS2 and that no DNA sequence
      homology is involved in this IS2-mediated deletion formation. PPI segregates Gal-
      clones due to the loss of the mini insertion. One such segregant PPIS and PP4
      both give only constitutive Gal+ revertants, which consist of the previously
      known mini insertions and also a new class of "supermini" inserts within IS2 of
      about 10 to 20 basepairs long. Therefore, PPIS and PP4 can be used to study
      various parameters involved in the formation of mini insertions.

PMID- 381840
TI  - Tn10 mediated integration of the plasmid R100.1 into the bacterial chromosome:
      inverse transposition.
AB  - Upon integration into the bacterial chromosome the drug resistance plasmid R100.1
      often loses its tetracycline resistance character. We have analyzed an Hfr strain
      formed by such an integration and an R-prime plasmid derived from it. We find
      that integration took place within the Tn10 transposon, that the two IS10
      sequences were retained, but that at least 80% of the transposon segment located
      between them, and carrying the tetracycline resistance genes, had been lost. We
      suggest that integration of R100.1 was mediated by an inverse transposition using
      the IS10 sequences.

PMID- 381841
TI  - Expression of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein and RNA polymerase genes cloned
      on plasmids.
AB  - Fragments of lambda drifd 18 DNA with different end-points within the set of
      structural genes of ribosomal proteins L11 (RPLK), Li (rplA), L10 (rplJ) and L12
      (rplL) as well as the beta (rpoB) ANd beta' (rpoC) subunits of RNA polymerase
      have been cloned on plasmids. These plasmids were transformed in host cells which
      were mutant for each of the genes, enabling expression of both wild-type (plasmid
      borne) and mutant (chromosomal) genes to be differentiated. On the basis of these
      results we propose the following genetic structure for the region: rplK and rplA
      are in one operon; rplL, rpoB and rpoC are in a second. Our data suggest the
      possibility that rplJ is by itself in an operon situated between the other two.

PMID- 381842
TI  - Inactivation of E. coli RNA polymerase by polyriboinosinic acid: heterogeneity of
      RS complexes.
AB  - Polyriboinosinic acid (poly I) inhibits initiation of transcription by binary
      complexes formed between Adenovirus 2 DNA and E. coli RNA polymerase holoenzyme.
      In the presence of poly I, just as in the presence of rifampicin, initiation of
      transcription exhibits a sigmoidal dependence on the temperature at which the
      binary complexes are formed. This indicates that I (closed) complexes between Ad
      2 DNA and RNA polymerase are rapidly inactivated by poly I, but that RS (open)
      complexes are relatively resistant. However, even among the RS complexes, at
      least two classes can be distinguished on the basis of the degree to which they
      are resistant to poly I: RS-1 complexes are somewhat sensitive to poly I (half
      time of inactivation approximately 10 min) while RS-2 complexes are almost
      completely resistant to the inhibitor (half-time of inactivation approximately 10
      h). For both types of RS complex, the degree of sensitivity to poly I is ionic
      strength-dependent.

PMID- 381843
TI  - Examination of newly synthesized DNA in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 381844
TI  - The unstable sensitivity of yeast cells to lethal and mutagenic action of nitrous
      acid.
AB  - Fifty-two cultures grown under standard conditions from separate subclones of
      haploid Saccharomyces strain X2180-1A were exposed to standard treatment with
      nitrous acid (NA). When the duration of NA-treatment was the same:a) cell
      survival varied markedly and the frequency distribution of its values differed
      significantly from the normal one; b) the overall frequency of induced ade1- and
      ade2-mutants (OMF) and the proportion of complete mutants among them (PCM) also
      displayed significant subclonal variation, apparently co-ordinated with the
      variation in survival. In the same experiments several different types of
      dependence of the OMF and PCM on the duration of NA-treatment were found. Thus
      the characteristics of the action of NA on yeast cells appeared to be unstable.
      Subclones with pronounced and reproducible differences in sensitivity to the
      lethal action of NA were isolated from X2180-1A without any induction or
      enrichment technique. This fact proves the genetic nature of the instability
      discovered, i.e. this instability appears to reflect the behavior of unstable
      genetic factors playing, along with the stable ones, a role in the control of NA
      sensitivity of X2180-1A cells.

PMID- 381845
TI  - The peculiar behaviour of coliphage P1vir mutants on restricting hosts.
AB  - The sensitivity of two vir coliphage P1 mutants, to the host-specificity systems
      A, K, RII, and B of Escherichia coli, and to the newly identified host
      specificity systems Mir and 59 of Klebsiella pneumoniae has been studied. Both 1
      vir phages were completely resistant to the E. coli K, but were restricted 10(-5)
      by the B, mir and 59 systems. The P1 parent, on the contrary, was restricted 10(
      2) by all of the above mentioned hosts. The possible role of phage coded proteins
      in the altered sensitivity of the vir strains has been studied by analysing the
      sensitivity of both P1, and P1vir to the various systems in the presence of
      chloramphenicol. Protein synthesis inhibition by chloramphenicol did not
      significantly influence the sensitivity of P1 and P1vir to various restricting
      hosts. It is concluded that the altered sensitivity of vir mutants depends on the
      different affinities of the mutated phage DNA sequence for the enzymes of the
      various restriction and modification systems. The possibility that the phage
      repressor contributes to the regulation of the restriction and modification
      enzymes is also discussed.

PMID- 381846
TI  - Politics and medicine two passions of Doctor Berglund, new AMAPAC board member.

PMID- 381847
TI  - Lost and found: nursing contributions to health care.

PMID- 381848
TI  - Different effects of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on the
      functions of various subpopulations of B cells in the immune response of mice to
      T-dependent antigen.

PMID- 381849
TI  - The rent breasts: a brief history of wet-nursing.

PMID- 381850
TI  - The rent breasts. Part II.

PMID- 381851
TI  - [Attachment of Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans cells to the surface of sulfide
      minerals].
AB  - The behaviour of Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans cells in cultures growing at
      50 degrees C in the autotrophic conditions with intensive stirring of the medium
      was studied by phase-contrast and electron microscopy. The following compounds
      (at a concentration of 1%) were used as an energy source: pyrite, chalcopyrite,
      arsenopyrite, antimonite, galenite, sphalerite, and copper-zinc-pyrite ore. A
      considerable part of cells was found to be attached to the surface of crystals in
      the course of oxidation of the above sulfide minerals. Adhesion of cells to the
      surface of minerals was accomplished by means of abundant slime formation. The
      cell produced slime at the highest rate by those parts of its surface which was
      adjacent to the mineral. Apparently, the chemoreceptor apparatus of the cell was
      involved in the process of adhesion. Appendages of an unknown nature were found
      in cells growing on pyrite. Presumably, cells are anchored to the surface of
      minerals by these structures.

PMID- 381852
TI  - [Modification of the acetylene method of determining nitrogen fixing activity of
      soils under field conditions].

PMID- 381853
TI  - [Anatolii Evseevich Kriss (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 381854
TI  - Stress and disease: the missing link. A vasospastic theory. I. Acute myocardial
      infarction - a potentially reversible event?
AB  - A review of the evidence in acute myocardial infarction indicates that it might
      well be initiated by coronary artery spasm, and that coronary thrombosis,
      although important in tipping the balance between severe damage and death of
      heart muscle, may merely be secondary to the spasm-induced reduction in coronary
      blood flow.

PMID- 381855
TI  - Stress and disease: the missing link. A vasospastic theory. II. The nature of
      degenerative arterial disease.
AB  - An analysis of the evidence indicates that the initiation and progress of
      atherosclerosis might well be explained by repeated bouts of arterial
      constriction in relation to life stresses, through increased blood flow velocity
      and turbulence at points of constriction, and consequent endothelial damage,
      plasma insudation into the wall, and intimal smooth muscle cell - connective
      tissue proliferation.

PMID- 381856
TI  - Stress and disease: the missing link. A vasospastic theory. III. Stress,
      vasospasm and general disease.
AB  - The potential importance of vasospasm, with or without consequent thrombosis, as
      a mechanism in general disease is discussed and the evidence examined in one
      organ, namely the brain. It is concluded that vasospasm might be important in a
      number of neurological disorders, including migraine, epilepsy, and even some of
      the schizophrenia-like illnesses. Repeated ischaemic cell damage from vasospasm
      is also discussed as a possible factor initiating autoimmune disease and cancer.
      The similarities between viral transformation and neoplasia have led to the
      proposition that much cancer might be explained if as a species we have evolved
      by the gradual build-up of viruses.

PMID- 381858
TI  - The role of cardiac valves in artificial heart performance.
AB  - The criteria for the design, selection of materials, and fabrication of a total
      artificial heart have evolved over several years. As these criteria have become
      more sophisticated and exact, they have optimized the performance of all
      components within the system. A pump with sufficient volume and pressure output
      that fits in the available anatomic space was a primary objective. Concomitantly,
      a nonthrombogenic, durable material that was nondegradable in body fluids was
      being developed. The most easily managed energy source selected to date has been
      pulsed, compressed air programmed for gentle but effective systole and diastole.
      The evolution of good cardiac valves has been of major importance to the
      artificial heart effort. The historical development of the artificial heart has
      often centered around existing prosthetic valves which are currently an integral
      component of the complete system. A detailed analysis of the performance of the
      total artificial heart clearly identifies the role of the cardiac valve.

PMID- 381859
TI  - Marat electrique.

PMID- 381857
TI  - Theorectical mechanisms for synthesis of carcinogen-induced embryonic proteins:
      III. The tRNA methylases; methylation mechanism and function.
AB  - It is contended that redundant repressed tRed) with carcinogens in adult cells.
      Supportive evidence, especially from molecular model building, is presented for a
      mechanism of tRNA methylation. In this mechanism the adenine moiety of S-adenosyl
      L-methionine base-pairs with uracil for all tRNA methylations. Furthermore it is
      proposed that such methylations are required during the transcription of a tRNA
      molecule in order to limit the number of possible conformers that can occur
      before further development of the molecule takes place. This theory of the
      function for methyl groups is discussed in the light of the properties found for
      hypomethylated tRNAs.

PMID- 381861
TI  - Honour before interest.

PMID- 381860
TI  - Comparison of metoprolol and pindolol in the treatment of mild to moderate
      hypertension: a double-blind crossover study.
AB  - Matched doses of metoprolol and pindolol were administered to 31 hypertensive
      outpatients in a double-blind randomized crossover trial, which was designed to
      compare the antihypertensive efficacy and pattern of side effects of the two
      drugs. Twenty-nine patients completed the study. A tenfold difference in dose (25
      +/- 2 mg/day of pindolol and 234 +/- 22 mg/day of metoprolol) was required to
      produce a similar antihypertensive effect. There was a significantly greater fall
      in pulse rate during metoprolol treatment. Complaints of dry mouth, mild
      Raynaud's phenomenon, and eye discomfort were more frequent during treatment with
      metoprolol; and sleep disturbances and abnormal dreaming patterns were more
      frequent during treatment with pindolol.

PMID- 381862
TI  - The clofibrate trial--the lipid hypothesis retested.

PMID- 381863
TI  - Menopausal myths.

PMID- 381865
TI  - New South Wales: cockpit of medical politics.

PMID- 381864
TI  - First-born of the clan: the South Australian branch of the BMA and AMA.

PMID- 381866
TI  - As it was in the beginning . . .the British Medical Association (Victorian
      Branch).
AB  - Branches of the British Medical Association arose throughout the Commonwealth,
      one of the later being in Victoria, one of the smaller and thickly populated of
      the States. There were the usual causes. Dissatisfaction led to cliques, views of
      ethics varied with age and position and ambitions clashed. But the immediate
      causa causans was the blackballing of a candidate whose merits were his own, but
      whose ancestory was condemned. His "fidus Achates", with many traits in common
      who had been 20 years the mainstay, and 18 years the Editor, of the existing and
      repellant Medical Society of Victoria, promptly resigned, and refused repeated
      offers to return even at the price of a testimonial. SoDr Neild and Dr Louis
      Henry came together and between them ran the Branch for years and in process of
      time took prominent positions medically, musically and many ways.

PMID- 381867
TI  - History of the British Medical Association in Tasmania.

PMID- 381868
TI  - Mortality patterns in Western Australia, 1829--1855: preliminary survey.

PMID- 381869
TI  - The role of the Queensland branch in matters of public health.

PMID- 381870
TI  - Mervyn Stuart Patterson.

PMID- 381872
TI  - Single stage local flap repair.

PMID- 381871
TI  - James Lloyd Hart.

PMID- 381874
TI  - Craniofacial surgery.
AB  - The historical development of craniofacial surgery for congenital abnormality is
      reviewed. The work of a second Australian unit of craniofacial surgery which has
      been formed in Brisbane is described, current indications for surgery are
      defined, and the preoperative preparation is outlined. The treatment of six
      children with hypertelorism, Crouxon's disease, Apert's syndrome, and bicoronal
      craniostenosis is described and the postoperative results and complications are
      outlined. There is a case for early surgery.

PMID- 381873
TI  - Prevention of duodenal ulcer relapse by cimetidine: a one-year double-blind
      trial.
AB  - Fifty-one patients with duodenal ulcer which was healed by a six-week course of
      cimetidine completed a one-year double-blind study to compare the effects of
      cimetidine and placebo on the prevention of ulcer relapse. Patients were
      allocated at random to receive either 400 mg of cimetidine twice daily or
      placebo. Ulcer relapse was assessed by regular clinical follow up and endoscopy.
      A total of six of the 24 cimetidine-treated patients (25%) suffered a relapse
      compared to 25 of the 27 of placebo-treated patients (92.6%). Out of this total
      number of relapses, asymptomatic relapse with ulceration discovered by routine
      endoscopy at six months or one year, occurred in three patients receiving
      cimetidine and eight patients receiving placebo. Cimetidine prevents recurrence
      in patients with duodenal ulcer disease.

PMID- 381875
TI  - Leprosy since Hansen.

PMID- 381876
TI  - Evaluation of a new antihelminthic for trichuriasis, hookworm, and
      stronglyloidiasis.
AB  - Mebendazole was tested in a double-blind trial for its efficacy in the treatment
      and control of enteric helminths. One hundred and twenty-two children from a
      community near the Gulf of Carpentaria, and from a community in Cape York
      Peninsula in northern Queensland were divided into two equal groups to receive a
      course of either mebendazole or placebo after the identification of one or more
      intestinal helminths in a single pretreatment specimen of faeces. Between the
      tenth and twentieth days after a four-day course of treatment, three specimens of
      faeces were collected from each child. Mebendazole cured trichuriasis in 75% of
      cases, and over-all egg reduction rate was 96%. The drug also cured hookworm in
      13 out of 15 cases and Strongyloides sterocoralis infestation in 14 out of 21
      cases. Mebendazole was ineffective against Hymenolepis nana. No cases of Ascaris
      lumbricoides infestation were present. No side effects or adverse reactions to
      the drug were noted and patient acceptance was excellent. Mebendazole appears to
      be a safe drug for use in the treatment of human parasitic intestinal nematode
      infestations, and should be especially useful in the treatment and control of
      trichuriasis.

PMID- 381877
TI  - [Inflammatory joint effusion. A diagnositic and therapeutic problem].

PMID- 381878
TI  - [Psychosomatic aspects of rheumatic diseases. With special reference to "soft
      tissue reheumatism"].

PMID- 381879
TI  - [Final remark on enteric Yersinia infection].

PMID- 381880
TI  - [Subclinical diabetes. Diagnosis and consequences].

PMID- 381881
TI  - [Physiology of immune reactions].

PMID- 381882
TI  - [Diagnostic relevance of thermography in renal transplantation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - During a followup period of 18 months 75 renal transplant recipients were
      examined by thermography according to Tricoire. Thermography is a not invasive,
      quickly available and reproduceable method. Because of the high incidence of 85%
      exact diagnoses this investigation is a helpful additional test in kidney
      transplantation for evaluation of graft function as well as for diagnosis for
      evaluation of graft function as well as for diagnosis of pathological intrarenal
      or perirenal disorders. Thermography is especially recommendable for transplant
      patients, if postoperative haemodialysis is necessary. In these cases information
      can easily be obtained whether postoperative olig-anuria is caused by acute
      tubular necrosis or by primary insufficient vascularisation of the transplant.

PMID- 381883
TI  - [Echinococcosis.--Current problems of diagnosis and epidemiology (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The indirect hemagglutination-test (IHA) and the indirect immunefluorescence-test
      are two modern methods for the serological diagnosis of an echinococcosis. If
      both tests are employed, the disease can be diagnosed with great reliability. A
      titer of 1 : 128 in the IHA makes the diagnosis of an echinococcosis very likely;
      a titer exceeding 1 : 1000 is significant. Serological tests of 36 patients with
      E. cysticus and  E. alveolaris are evaluated; the interpretation of the results
      is discussed. In all patients the diagnosis was established between October 1977
      and October 1978. In Germany the complement fixation test is commonly used to
      diagnose an echinococcosis. This test, however, is unreliable and fails in one
      third of all cases. It should be--as well as the Casoni skin-test--replaced by
      more sensitive and specific reactions. If the complement fixation test is
      positive, it might be used for postoperative controls. Compared to previous years
      the disease-rate among Germans is rising. The main reason seems to be the
      increasing tourism to foreign countries. Serological tests in small laboratories
      are unreliable and make an evaluation difficult. The diagnosis should be
      established in specialized centres.

PMID- 381884
TI  - [How do enzymes work? Historical development of our ideas on their nature and
      effect].

PMID- 381886
TI  - Propranolol for prevention of migraine headaches.

PMID- 381885
TI  - Promotion of carbenicillin for treatment of meningitis in children.

PMID- 381887
TI  - A comparative trial of daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, and thioguanine, and a
      combination of the three agents for the treatment of acute myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - In this study 523 previously untreated patients with acute myelocytic leukemia
      were randomly allocated to induction therapy with daunorubicin 60 mg/M2 daily X
      3, cytosine arabinoside and thioguanine 100 mg/M2 each every 12 hours until
      marrow hypoplasia was achieved, or a 5-day course of the three drugs with
      daunorubicin 100 mg/M2 given on dav 1 and cytosine arabinoside plus thioguanine
      each given at a dose of 100 mg/M2 every 12 hours for five days. All patients
      received cyclophosphamide 600 mg/M2 followed in 24 hours by hydroxyurea 500 mg/M2
      every six hours for four doses monthly for maintenance therapy. Patients were
      randomized to receive one of three antimetabolite treatments beginning 24 hours
      after the last dose of hydroxyurea each month for seven days. One such treatment
      consisted of 6-mercaptopurine 100 mg/M2 daily, another group received 6
      thioguanine at the same dose daily, and the third group received 50 mg/M2 of both
      antimetabolites daily. There were no significant differences in complete response
      rate, remission duration, or survival among the various treatment groups.

PMID- 381888
TI  - [The baths of Tabiano. Property and direct administration of the Commune of
      Salsomaggiore Terme].

PMID- 381889
TI  - [Preliminary results with salbutamol in the treatment of pertussis].

PMID- 381890
TI  - [Clinical study and treatment of iron deficiency anemia in childhood].

PMID- 381891
TI  - [Dental evolution in primates].

PMID- 381892
TI  - Recent results on how aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetases recognize specific
      transfer RNAs.
AB  - Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases discriminate between tRNA species by a highly specific
      mechanism. Physical and chemical studies indicate that the synthetases bind along
      and around the inside of the three-dimensional L-shaped tRNA structure. Studies
      of mutant tRNAs that affect synthetase interaction tend to confirm this
      conclusion. However, in contrast to proteins that recognize a specific block of
      contiguous nucleotide units (e.g., repressors, restriction enzymes, etc.),
      synthetases appear to interact with spatially disperse elements of the structure.
      Available evidence suggests that tRNA binding clefts on various synthetases may
      be roughly similar, with specificity being achieved by the choice of amino acid
      residues in a few critical positions in the tRNA binding clefts. With this idea
      in mind, it should be possible to introduce amino acid substitutions into the
      binding clefts and thereby change tRNA recognition specificity. This has been
      attempted (by genetic manipulations) and a mutant alanine tRNA synthetase with
      altered tRNA recognition has been isolated. This enzyme can attach alanine to
      isoleucine specific tRNA. When presented with valine specific tRNA, a tRNA
      similar in some structural features to the isoleucine specific tRNA, or with the
      structurally quite different tyrosine specific tRNA, no significant
      aminoacylation occurs. Thus, a precise specificity alteration can occur through
      mutation; this result supports the idea of similarities in synthetase binding
      clefts, with specificity being achieved by the positioning of amino acids at
      critical positions in these clefts. Finally, further data have been obtained on
      the issue of possible transient covalent bond formation between synthetases and
      tRNAs, as a critical part of the interaction.

PMID- 381894
TI  - [Molecular organization of eukaryotic informational RNA].
AB  - The review is devoted to the last achievments in the field of the molecular
      structure of individual eukaryotic mRNAs. The 3'-terminal poly(A) sequence is
      described as well as the ways of its posttranscriptional addition and
      degradation. Various suggestions are made concerning the function of poly(A) in
      mRNAs. The structure of modified and blocked 5'-terminus of mRNA molecule is
      described in detail. The chemical reactivity of these modified structures (caps)
      and their sensitivity to enzymatic degradation are characterized as well as the
      reaction sequence resulting in cap formation and the possible functions of caps
      in the control of mRNA translation and life time. The primary structure of the 5'
      and 3'-untranslated regions and of translated parts of several individual mRNAs
      is described.

PMID- 381893
TI  - Mitochondrial glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a small proportion of the glucose-6-P dehydrogenase
      activity is firmly associated with the mitochondrial fraction and is not removed
      by repeated washing or density-gradient centrifugation. However, the enzyme is
      released by sonic disruption. Mitochondrial glucose-6-P dehydrogenase that is
      released by sonication and partially purified has been found to be similar to
      cytosol glucose-6-P dehydrogenase with respect to electrophoretic mobility,
      isoelectric point, pH optimum, molecular size, and apparent KM's for NADP+ and
      glucose-6-P. These results indicate that a single species of glucose-6-P
      dehydrogenase is synthesized in S. cerevisiae and that the enzyme has more than
      one intracellular location. Mitochondrial glucose-6-P dehydrogenase may be a
      source of intramitochondrial NADPH and may function with hexokinase and
      transhydrogenase to provide a pathway for glucose oxidation that is coupled to
      the synthesis of mitochondrial ATP. A constant proportion of total glucose-6-P
      dehydrogenase activity remains compartmented in the mitochondrial fraction
      throughout the growth cycle.

PMID- 381895
TI  - [Nature of the heterogeneity of the 30S ribosomal subunits in vitro. II. Two
      types of inactivation of the 30S subunits of Escherichia coli ribosomes].
AB  - The influence of concentration of monovalent cations on the binding constant of
      Phe-tRNAPhe to 30S.poly(U) complex was studied. Two types of inactivation of the
      30S subunits by ammonium ions at the low magnesium concentration (1 mM) were
      found. The first type of inactivation was observed at high concentrations of NH4+
      ions (from 0.5 to 1.5 M) and due to the dissociation of ribosomal proteins from
      30S subunits. This inactivation only decreased the binding constant of Phe
      tRNAPhe to 30S.poly(U) complex up to 50 times but all 30S subunits were equally
      achieved in Phe-tRNAPhe binding. This type of inactivation was reversible,
      addition of S-proteins restored the association constant to the original value.
      At low concentration of NH4+ ions (below 100 mM) about half of the 30S subunits
      is irreversibly inactivated (the binding constant of Phe-tRNAPhe decreased below
      detectable level) probably as a result of conformational changes in ribosomal
      RNA. Both types of inactivation of the 30S subunits can take place during the
      preparation of isolated subunits of ribosomes.

PMID- 381896
TI  - [Influence of the modification of Phe-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli by
      lysine- and arginine-specific reagent on the ionic interactions of the enzyme
      with tRNA Phe].
AB  - The influence of modification of Phe-RSase from E. coli MRE-600 by lysine- and
      arginine-specific reagent 2,4-pentandione on the Phe-RSase.tRNAPhe interactions
      was investigated. It was shown that modification of Phe-RSase with 2,4-pentandion
      leads to a decrease of the aminoacylation rate without any influence on the value
      of Km for tRNAPhe in this reaction and only a slight increase of the value of
      Kdiss for Phe-RSase.tRNAPhe complex. The log Km (Km-1)--ionic strength dependence
      for native enzyme and log Kdiss (K-1diss) for native enzyme and two forms
      modified on arginine and lysine residues were investigated. Results were
      interpreted quantitatively by Debye--Huckel approximation for two spherical
      macroions and by Daune approximation assuming that the region of tRNA implicated
      in ionic interactions is locally a cylindrical polyelectrolyte. It was shown that
      there are 2-4 electrostatic contacts in Phe-RSase.tRNAPhe interactions in limits
      of both approximations; modification of arginine residues in Phe-RSase doesn't
      change the number of electrostatic contacts, modification of lysine residues
      leads to an increase in the number of contacts. It was assumed that there are
      lysine residues in Phe-RSase essential for the tRNAPhe recognition. The
      possibility of participation of negative amino acid residues in electrostatic
      interactions with tRNAPhe is not excluded.

PMID- 381897
TI  - [Physico-chemical characteristics of ribosomal proteins L10 and L11].
AB  - The procedure of isolation and purification of ribosomal proteins L10 and L11
      from the 50S subparticle of E. coli ribosomes is described. Sedimentation data,
      spectra of circular dichroism and the results of microcalorimetric studies are
      given for these proteins. It has been shown that in the range of the
      concentrations studied protein L11 does not associate in solution. Protein L10
      has a tendency to self-association at increased concentrations (over 1.5 mg/ml).
      Protein L10 also forms a complex with the intact ribosomal protein L7. From the
      data presented it follows that protein L7 binds to protein L10 in a dimer form
      and the regions of L7 responsible for its dimerization participate in binding. It
      has been also shown that the proteins in solution have a rather low
      thermostability. An assumption is made on the stabilization of proteins within
      the ribosomes or in the complex with other ribosomal proteins.

PMID- 381898
TI  - [Interaction of oligophosphates of pyridoxal with certain enzymes of
      polynucleotide synthesis].
AB  - The interaction of pyridoxal, pyridoxal-5'-mono-, di- and triphosphate with
      certain enzymes of polynucleotide synthesis (DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, DNA
      dependent DNA polymerase I and polynucleotide phosphorylase from Escherichia coli
      and terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase from calf thymus) was studied. All
      compounds tested was found to be reversible and competitive inhibitors of these
      enzymes. The reduction of the enzyme-inhibitor complex with NaBH4 gives rise to
      the complete irreversible inhibition of the enzymes under study. The comparison
      of the inhibition constants for pyridoxal and its phosphorylated derivatives with
      those for mono-, di- and triphosphates of nucleosides was carried out for the
      enzymes. The results obtained suggest that the modified epsilon-amino-group of
      lysine residue should be localized at the catalytic site in the vicinity of the
      pyrophosphate binding area of an enzyme.

PMID- 381899
TI  - [Transcription of synthetic oligonucleotides].
AB  - The decadeoxynucleotides d(pTTC)3 and d(CCATCTTTT) transcription by E. coli RNA
      polymerase was studied. The nucleotide composition of d(pTTC)3 transcript was
      shown to be consistent with that of the template, but RNA-product was several
      times longer than the template. With nonanucleotide d(CCATCTTTT) the poly(A)
      synthesis was observed. This fact may be attributed to the reiteration on the
      TTTT-cluster. When using the oligonucleotide primers d(pGGA) and r(pAAAA)
      complementary to the templates d(pTTC)3 and d(CCATCTTTT), accordingly, the
      nucleosidetriphosphates concentration being reduced and the RNA-polymerase "holo"
      being replaced by "core", the considerable decrease in the unhomogeneity of the
      transcript length and in the length itself was found. With d(pTTC)3 as a template
      the length of RNA-product was found to be of 24-25 nucleotides and with
      d(CCATCTTTT) it was of 18-19 nucleotides. The sequence of RNA transcribed from
      both templates in the presence of primers was in accordance with the structure of
      templates.

PMID- 381900
TI  - [Construction of optimal alignment of two amino acid sequences: a solution of the
      problem of unnecessary gaps].
AB  - A computing method for calculation of total similarity of two amino acid
      sequences depending on the number of gaps introduced into these sequences has
      been developed. It was based on Needleman--Wunsch--Sankoff's principles. The
      application of the method to randomized sequences enables us to select the
      optimal alignment of real sequences, in which the number of gaps is statistically
      justified. In this paper an example of the application of this approach is
      described and the statistically optimal alignment of somatotropin and prolactin
      amino acid sequences with two gaps is suggested.

PMID- 381901
TI  - [Oligoadenylate 4-(N-2-chloroethyl-N-methylamino) benzylidene 5'-phosphamides
      complex formation with DNA by equilibrium dialysis].
AB  - Alkylating derivatives of oligoadenylate 5'-phosphamides CIRCH2NH(pA)n n=4-7
      attach to complementary regions of denatured E. coli DNA. Apparent binding
      constants Kapp are evaluated from plots of binding at 0 degrees obtained by
      equilibrium dialysis. Kapp of CIRCH2NH(pA)7 is shown to be similar to that of
      (Ap)5ARCl-benzylidene derivatives of hexaadenylate; Kapp both of them differ from
      Kapp of hexaadenylate only slightly. Under saturation conditions CIRCH2(Ap)7
      binds to 24 sites per 10 kilobases of E. coli DNA. Macrostructure of denatured
      DNA is changed in the course of binding and number of burned complementary sites
      becomes exposed to following binding with the oligomer.

PMID- 381902
TI  - Serologic tests for syphilis: a guide to interpretation in various stages of
      disease.

PMID- 381903
TI  - Nephelometric determination of immunoglobulins in exocrine pancreatic secretion:
      studies on patients with and without pancreatic disease.

PMID- 381904
TI  - Aspergillus nidulans as a test organism for assessing radio-induced chromosomal
      non-disjunction.
AB  - A genetically marked heterozygous diploid of Aspergillus nidulans was synthesized
      and the feasibility of using this system for the simultaneous estimation of radio
      induced mitotic crossing-over and non-disjunction has been investigated. In the
      case of the latter, serious experimental problems have been encountered.
      Nevertheless, induction curves for non-disjunction with 15-MeV electrons, 50-kVp
      X-rays, beta-particles and alpha-particles are presented showing an increase in
      non-disjunction with increasing LET.

PMID- 381905
TI  - Radiation-induced mitotic and meiotic aneuploidy in the yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - A number of genetic systems are described which in yeast may be used to monitor
      the induction of chromosome aneuploidy during both mitotic and meiotic cell
      division. Using these systems we have been able to demonstrate the induction of
      both monosomic and trisomic cells in mitotically dividing cells and disomic
      spores in meiotically dividing cells after both UV light and X-ray exposure. The
      frequency of UV-light-induced monosomic colonies were reduced by post-treatment
      with photoreactivity light and both UV-light- and X-ray-induced monosomic
      colonies were reduced by liquid holding post-treatment under non-nutrient
      conditions. Both responses indicate an involvement of DNA-repair mechanisms in
      the removal of lesions which may lead to monosomy in yeast. This was further
      confirmed by the response of an excision-defective yeast strain which showed
      considerably increased sensitivity to the induction of monosomic colonies by UV
      light treatment at low doses. Yeast cultures irradiated at different stages of
      growth showed variation in their responses to both UV-light and X-rays, cells at
      the exponential phase of growth show maximum sensitivity to the induction of
      monosomic colonies at low doses whereas stationary phase cultures showed maximum
      induction of monosomic colonies at high does. The frequencies of X-ray-induced
      chromosome aneuploidy during meiosis leading to the production of disomic spores
      was shown to be dependent upon the stage of meiosis at which the yeast cells were
      exposed to radiation. Cells which had proceeded beyond the DNA synthetic stage of
      meiosis were shown to produce disomic spores at considerably lower radiation
      doses than those cells which had only recently been inoculated into sporulation
      medium. The results obtained suggest that the yeast sustem may be suitable for
      the study of sensitivities of the various stages of meiotic cell division to the
      induction of chromosome aneuploidy after radiation exposure.

PMID- 381906
TI  - The induction of sex-chromosomal nondisjunction and diploid spermatids following
      x-irradiation of pre-spermatid stages in the northern vole Microtus oeconomus.
AB  - Chromosome nondisjunction seems to be one of the most important mutagenic effects
      occurring in man and makes an enormous contribution to human foetal wastage. As
      yet, little or no information is available on which environmental factors are
      important in inducing nondisjunction and accordingly we have investigated the
      effect of X-irradiation on inducing nondisjunction in male germ cells of an
      experimental mammal, the Northern vole-Microtus oeconomus. Using a staining
      technique based upon the presence of heterochromatin we have scored the number of
      sex chromosomes in early spermatids in both irradiated and unirradiated animals.
      A significant increase in nondisjunction, following treatment, was found with all
      doses between 25 and 200 R. However, variations in nondisjunction induction at
      various time intervals following irradiation suggest variations in cell stage
      sensitivity. More surprising was the large induction of diploid gametes which
      also demonstrated a significant induction with all irradiation doses. From the
      distribution of sex chromosomes we conclude that both nondisjunction and diploid
      gamete induction occur at both meiotic divisions. At present it is not possible
      to conclude whether the radiation response is linear and to define the cell-stage
      sensitivity with precision. The reasons for this appear to be variations in
      sensitivity between animals and also that there is a clear overlap between the
      duration of the early spermatid stage analyzed (4 days) and the interval between
      sampling times.

PMID- 381907
TI  - Evaluation of three metabolic activation systems by a forward mutation assay in
      Salmonella.
AB  - The strain SV3 of Salmonella typhimurium was used as the indicator bacterium in
      the intrasanguineous host-mediated mutagenicity assay. Bacterial distribution and
      spontaneous mutation frequency were determined after intravenous injection of SV3
      into CD1 male mice. Bacteria were cleared at an exponential rate from the blood
      stream and recovered mainly from the liver and in smaller quantities from the
      lungs and kidneys. No bactericidal effect was observed during incubation within
      the animal, and bacterial division occurred in the liver and probably in the
      kidneys. The significance of an increased mutation frequency of bacteria
      recovered from untreated animals is discussed. Mutation induction was measured in
      bacteria recovered from liver, lungs and kidneys of CD1 mice and CD rats treated
      with dimethylnitrosamine (DMN). The sensitivity of the intrasanguineous host
      mediated technique was compared with the sensitivity of the assay in vitro with
      microsomal preparations from each tissue and host. Activation by isolated
      perfused liver and lungs from CD rats was included for comparison with the
      results from experiments in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 381908
TI  - The micronucleus test: statistical design and analysis.
AB  - Alternative statistical procedures are discussed which may be employed to compare
      the incidences among treatment groups of micronucleated polychromatic and
      normochromatic erythrocytes and their ratios. Comparison of incidences of
      micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes using a sequential sampling strategy
      based on the negative binomial distribution is shown to require fewer animals for
      the same sensitivity of test than a similar procedure based on the binomial
      distribution. The sequential test is superior, both in power and number of
      animals required, to an alternative 1-stage test based on the same distribution.
      The procedure described permits the investigator to optimize the number of
      animals in each test group and the number of cells counted per animal to detect a
      predetermined increase in the incidence of micronucleated cells over that
      observed in the control population within chosen limits of type I and type II
      error. An alternative sequential approach based on the binomial distribution is
      presented, which is applicable when the number of cells analyzed per animal is
      variable.

PMID- 381910
TI  - Mutagenic activity of propylene oxide in bacterial and mammalian systems.
AB  - Propylene oxide is used extensively in the chemical and food manufacturing
      industries, but relatively little is known of its ability to interact with
      genetic material. Studies were undertaken to investigate its ability to induce
      gene mutations and primary DNA damage in bacteria and chromosomal damage in
      mammalian cells. The induction of base-substitution mutations was demonstrated in
      spot tests with strains of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli at 700
      micrograms/plate of propylene oxide; inclusion of a preparation of rat-liver
      microsomes and cofactors (S9 mix) was without significant effect on this
      response. A linear dose--response relationship was recorded in plate tests with
      S. typhimurium strains TA100 and TA1535 over the range 100--750 micrograms/plate.
      After addition to dividing lymphocytes in cultures established from human
      peripheral blood, propylene oxide caused dose-related chromosomal damage,
      detected at 1.85 and 9.25 micrograms/ml. Oral administration of propylene oxide
      at 2 x 100, 2 x 250 or 2 x 500 mg/kg to male mice produced no detectable
      increases in the incidence of micronucleated, polychromatic erythrocytes in bone
      marrow. A male mouse dominant lethal test employing oral doses of 50 or 250
      mg/kg/day for 14 days gave no evidence of mutagenic action on sperm.
      Intraperitoneal injections of propylene oxide at 2 x 300 mg/kg induced increased
      numbers of micronucleated erythrocytes in mice, but lower doses given by this
      route had no such effect. Possible reasons for the contrasting findings in vitro
      and in vivo are discussed.

PMID- 381909
TI  - Mutagenic clastogenic and oncogenic effects of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine.

PMID- 381911
TI  - Diethylstilbestrol and 11 derivatives: a mutagenicity study with Salmonella
      typhimurium.
AB  - Diethylstilbestrol was tested for mutagenicity with his- S. typhimurium strains
      under 10 different matabolic situations (no exogenous metabolizing system; S9 mix
      from liver homogenate of rats induced with Aroclor 1254, with or without
      inhibition of epoxide hydratase; liver and/or kidney S9 mix from control or
      hamsters treated with Aroclor 1254; horse-radish peroxidase + H2O2). Under none
      of these conditions did diethylstilbestrol give any indication of a mutagenic
      effect. Furthermore, 11 metabolites and other derivatives of diethylstilbestrol,
      2 of them potent inducers of sister-chromatid exchange in cultured fibroblasts,
      were not mutagenic with any of the 4 tester strains (S. typhimurium TA100, TA98,
      TA1537, TA1535) in the presence or absence of S9 mix from liver homogenate of
      rats induced with Aroclor 1254. Thus, one of the few known human carcinogens is
      very resistant to detection by the mammalian enzyme-mediated Salmonella
      typhimurium mutagenicity test (Ames test). This is especially remarkable since
      the metabolizing systems used included: (1) some of very high metabolic activity
      (S9 mix from liver homogenate of rats and hamsters induced with Aroclor 1254);
      (2) metabolizing systems from organs susceptible to the carcinogenic activity of
      diethylstilbestrol (hamster kidney); as well as (3) a mixture of (1) and (2) in
      case both activities are required for the carcinogenic effect in the whole
      animal.

PMID- 381912
TI  - Mutagenicity of aminophenyl and nitrophenyl ethers, sulfides, and disulfides.
AB  - The mutagenic activity of several aromatic amines and aromatic nitro compounds
      related to 4,4'-methylenedianiline towards Salmonella typhymurium tester strains
      TA100 and TA98 was evaluated. The heteroatomic analogs of 4,4'-methylenedianiline
      which include aminophenyl and nitrophenyl ethers, sulfides and disulfides were
      assayed in the presence of rat-liver homogenate. The relative mutagenic response
      of these analogs indicated the following order of activity, --S-- greater than -
      O-- greater than --CH2--CH2-- greater than or equal to --S--S--. In both tester
      strains 4-aminophenylsulfone was inactive with and without microsomal activation.
      The p-nitrophenyl ethers, sulfides and disulfides were relatively strong mutagens
      without microsomal activation towards TA100. While 4-nitrophenyldisulfide was
      found to possess significantly different mutagenic activity than 4
      nitrothiophenol in TA98, 4-AMINOPHENYl disulfide has similar mutagenic properties
      to 4-aminothiophenol in both tester straains TA100 and TA98.

PMID- 381913
TI  - Action of nitrofurans on E. coli: mutation and induction and repair of daughter
      strand gaps in DNA.
AB  - The antibacterial and mutagenic potency of 9 nitrofurans in "treat and plate"
      experiments varied over almost 5 orders of magnitude. The relative toxicities
      were as follows: FANFT greater than AF2 greater than ANFT greather than
      furazolidone greater than furagin greater than nitrofurantoin greater than
      nitrofurazone greater than methylnitrofuroate greater than nitrofuroic acid. In
      general, mutagenic activity paralleled toxicity. The compounds at concentrations
      corresponding to their LD50's, induced mutations at frequencies which ranged from
      2.5/10(6) survivors for FANFT to 130/10(6) survivors for furagin (NF416). The
      observed differences in antibacterial and mutagenic activity are unlikely to be
      due to lack of activation of the weaker agents since the two most potent agents
      were reduced somewhat more slowly than many of the less active agents. The
      relative sensitivities to the antibacterial effects of AF2 of strains WP2, WP2
      uvrA, CM561 (lexA) and CM571 (recA) were 1 : 1.6 : 3 : 7 and to nitrofurazone 1 :
      1 : 25 : 50. The wvrA strain was 6--7-fold more mutable with both these agents
      than was WP2. No increase over the spontaneous mutation frequency was observed
      when recA or lexA strains were exposed to either AF2 or nitrofurazone in these
      experiments. When wild-type of wvrA bacteria containing nitrofuran-induced
      lesions replicated their DNA in drug-free medium in the presence of [3H]thymidine
      for 5 min, the label was found in low molecular weight DNA indicating that
      daughter-strand gaps were formed. During subsequent incubation in nonradioactive
      medium the molecular weight of the DNA increased to the control value. A recA
      strain (which was very sensitive to the lethal effects of AF2 and nitrofurazone)
      lacked the ability to repair daughter-strand gaps caused by nitrofuran-induced
      lesions.

PMID- 381914
TI  - The application of mitotic gene conversion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a
      pattern of four assays, in vitro and in vivo, for mutagenicity testing.
AB  - The induction of mitotic gene conversion of the nitrofuran derivatives
      nitrofurantoin (N-(5-nitro-2-furfuryliden)-1-aminohydantoin), nifurprazinum (1-(5
      nitro-2-furyl)-2-(6-amino-3-pyridazyl)-ethylenehydrochloride) and FANFT (2
      formylamino-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole) was investigated in the D4-RDII strain
      of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (heteroallelic at the gene loci ade2 and trp5,
      respiration-deficient). A battery of tests was applied: direct action of the
      substance to yeasts, the liver microsome test in vitro, the host-mediated assay
      and the urinary assay. From the various combinations of positive and negative
      results, additional pharmacokinetic conclusions were drawn. The three nitrofuran
      derivatives gave positive results by direct action and in the urine of rats. The
      additon of liver microsomes of mice in the test in vitro reduced the number of
      induced convertants. In the first hours, a great deal of nitrofurantoin given
      orally to rats was excreted in the urine, as shown by a high genetic activity.
      Nifurprazinum and FANFT were excreted to a lesser extent or more slowly. Addition
      of glucuronidase/arylsulfatase reduced the genetic activity in the urine in the
      case of nitrofurantoin, had an increasing effect with nifurprazinum and was
      without any effect in the case of FANFT. In the host-mediated assay, only
      nitrofurantoin gave positive results. These results seem to be a consequence of
      the quick but different excretion of the nitrofuran derivatives.

PMID- 381915
TI  - Cytogenetic effects of diethylstilbestrol-diphosphate (DES-dp) on mouse bone
      marrow monitored by the micronucleus test.
AB  - 6 dosages of diethylstilbestrol-diphosphate (DES-dp), ranging from 0.01 to 500 mg
      per kg of body weight were compared to saline and phosphate buffered saline
      (negative controls) and two dosages of cyclophosphamide (positive control) in the
      micronucleus test with 115 ICR mice. DES-dp failed to generate a significant
      increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes over negative controls.
      Cyclophosphamide produced a dose-related increase in micronuclei similar to
      previously published reports. Iit was therefore determined that the micronucleus
      test did not detect the types of chromosomal changes known to be generated by DES
      dp and DES.

PMID- 381916
TI  - Chemicals which revert all commonly used Salmonella typhimurium tester strains.

PMID- 381917
TI  - Natulan induces forward mutations to L-arabinose-resistance in Salmonella
      typhimurium.

PMID- 381918
TI  - Metronidazole exhibits no cytogenetic effect in the micronucleus test in mice or
      on human lymphocytes in vitro.

PMID- 381919
TI  - Non-activation in the Ames test.

PMID- 381920
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Dr. J. Alkiewicz].

PMID- 381921
TI  - [Piadar (Ladar): new antimycotic drug containing the antifungal agent siccanin
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 381923
TI  - The pulmonary-alveolar macrophage (first of two parts).

PMID- 381922
TI  - Radionuclide-determined change in pulmonary blood volume with exercise. Improved
      sensitivity of multigated blood-pool scanning in detecting coronary-artery
      disease.
AB  - To assess the clinical usefulness of radionuclide-determined changes in pulmonary
      blood volume in patients with or without substantial coronary-artery disease, we
      determined the ratio of pulmonary blood volume at rest as compared with that
      during exercise. We used multigated blood-pool images obtained at rest and during
      supine exercise to determine the blood-volume ratio in patients subsequently
      undergoing coronary arteriography for evaluation of chest pain. Exercise tests
      were performed by use of a submaximal-workload protocol, although all tests were
      limited according to each patient's symptoms. The mean exercise/rest pulmonary
      blood-volume ratios were lower for persons without coronary-artery disease (0.94
      +/- 0.06 [S.D.], 10 patients) and for those with disease confined to the right
      coronary artery (0.99 +/- 0.12, five patients), as compared with all others with
      coronary-artery disease (1.14 +/- 0.15, 37 patients) (P less than 0.01). A
      pulmonary-blood-volume ratio equal to or greater than 1.06 had a sensitivity of
      79 per cent. Patients with coronary-artery disease not confined to the right
      coronary artery usually show an increase in pulmonary blood volume during supine
      exercise. No such change occurs in persons without coronary-artery disease.

PMID- 381924
TI  - Treatment of hypercholesterolemia with neomycin--a time for reappraisal.

PMID- 381926
TI  - Ethanol production in infected urine.

PMID- 381925
TI  - Marrow transplantation for acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in first remission.

PMID- 381927
TI  - On the definition and teaching of the medical ethic.

PMID- 381928
TI  - The pulmonary-alveolar macrophage (second of two parts).

PMID- 381929
TI  - Conduct after myocardial infarction.

PMID- 381931
TI  - Review on fish phospholipids.

PMID- 381930
TI  - The action of pepsin on the reserve proteins of some leguminous seeds.
AB  - The action of pepsin on the 11-S and 7-S proteins of vetch, 11-S protein of
      soybean and 7-S protein of Phaseolus vulgaris was investigated. The first three
      proteins are hydrolyzed almost completely, the rate of hydrolysis being close to
      that of hemoglobin, while the hydrolysis of Ph. vulgaris 7-S protein stops after
      the cleavage of only 2,4% of peptide bonds. The nonhydrolyzable high molecular
      weight core makes up to 87% of the initial protein and differs from the latter in
      its electrophoretic mobility and sedimentation coefficient. The action of pepsin
      does not increase the digestibility of Ph. vulgaris 7-S protein by trypsin. After
      the consecutive action of these enzymes about two thirds of the protein remain
      unhydrolyzed. The digestion of Ph. vulgaris 7-S protein by pepsin is completed
      only after its denaturation by heat treatment or by the action of 6 M guanidine
      hydrochloride.

PMID- 381932
TI  - Presidents of the American Association of Poison Control Centers.

PMID- 381933
TI  - Multiple pathways of DNA repair and their possible roles in mutagenesis.
AB  - In studies on bacteria, the excision repair of UVR-induced DNA base damage has
      been divided into two major pathways on the basis of physiologic requirements and
      genetic control. The major pathway requires a functional polA+ gene, does not
      need complete growth medium, is largely error free, and produces short patches
      during repair. The second pathway requires complete growth medium and functional
      recA+, recB+, recC+, lexA+, uvrD+, and polC+ genes, is mutagenic, and produces
      long patches during repair. A second type of ecision repair exists, in which the
      modified base is removed by a DNA glycosylase, and the chain is nicked by an
      apurinic (apyrimidinic) acid endonuclease. Subsequent events are presumed similar
      to the above excision repair process. The postreplication repair system has been
      divided into at least four distinct pathways, three of which depend on functional
      recB+, lexA+, and uvrD+ genes, and are error free. A fourth pathway depends on
      the above gene products but is blocked by postirradiation treatment with
      chloramphenicol, and may be the UV-inducible, error-prone, mutagenic pathway of
      repair ("SOS repair"). A possible fifth pathway is dependent on a functional
      recF+ gene and is independent of the recB+-dependent pathway. Mutagenesis is the
      result of error-prone DNA repair, and evidence is growing that carcinogenesis is
      also the result of error-prone repair. Therefore, a complete understanding of DNA
      repair is crucial to a complete understanding of the molecular basis of
      carcinogenesis.

PMID- 381934
TI  - Analysis of base substitutions induced by ultraviolet radiation in Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - A system for determining the precise specificity of mutagens operating on
      Escherichia coli has been described, and the results for UV irradiation have been
      presented. Attempts to correlate the base pairs preferentially mutated by UV
      light with pyrimidine-pyrimidine sequences are discussed.

PMID- 381935
TI  - Mutagenesis and cell transformation by ultraviolet irradiation: many hypotheses
      for few results.
AB  - UV light-induced mutagenesis in bacteria is a genetically controlled process
      dependent on induction of some cellular functions, provoked initially by
      unrepaired photolesions in the DNA. Experiments on the extent and fidelity of in
      vitro DNA systhesis on UV-irradiated templates by bacterial mammalian DNA
      polymerases suggest a crucial role for 3' to 5' exonuclease (proofreading)
      activity in UV light-induced mutagenesis. Two-stage carcinogenesis (initiation
      and promotion) is discussed in terms of two-stage mutagenesis (mutation fixation
      in the DNA and mutation expression). A unifying concept for both mutational and
      viral malignant transformation is proposed.

PMID- 381936
TI  - Photocarcinogenesis: a review.
AB  - Clinical observations and epidemiologic studies indicate that the sun is the
      primary stimus for most human skin can formation. However, investigations
      directly confirming this association as well as defining the action spectra, time
      dose relationships, energy level requirements, etc., have been confined to animal
      experimentation. Studies in which gross methods are used indicate that the
      experimental carcinogenic action spectrum falls primarily between 280 and 320 nm.
      Quantitative studies and tumor promotion investigations indicate that UV-induced
      cancer formation begins with the initial exposure. Heat, wind, and moisture
      stimulate UV carcinogenesis. Also, exogenous chemicals may influence
      carcinogenesis as photosensitizers such as 8-MOP, as additive carcinogens as
      noted with DMBA, or as promoters as described for Croton oil, retinoic acid, and
      BCNU. Qualitative studies indicate that progressive alterations occur in the
      epidermal-dermal basement membrane and dermal conncecive tissue and
      mucopolysaccharides associated with the progressive development of epidermal
      cancers. Malignant melanomas have also been induced experimentally in hairless
      mice with UV energy. Mechanistically, immunologic alterations and effects on DNA
      have received the most attention. Tumor-specific antigenicity as well as antigen
      deletion has been demonstrated. Immune suppression by antilymphocyte serum and
      certain chemicals has led to stimulation of tumor development. Perhaps the most
      exciting new information relates to the demonstration that chronically UV
      irradiated mice have not rejected highly antigenic UV-induced cancers. This
      indicated that UV irradiation specifically altered the immunologic responses of
      the animals to these tumors. Within recent years, the influence of DNA injury and
      repair on cutaneous carcinogenesis has received a great deal of attention. This
      has been partly due to the demonstration of defective repair of UV-induced DNA
      damage in patients with XP. The primary photosensitive problem in these patients
      is an inordinate sensitivity to the carcinogenic effects of sunlight. However,
      correlation of DNA injury and repair directly with cancer formation has not been
      accomplished.

PMID- 381937
TI  - Appendix: Conference on sunlight and skin cancer; Warrenton, Virginia March 21
      26, 1964.

PMID- 381938
TI  - Welcome and introduction: evidence and epidemiology of ultraviolet-induced
      cancers in man.

PMID- 381939
TI  - New routes to polypeptide hormones.

PMID- 381940
TI  - Bone-marrow transplantation: man and mouse.

PMID- 381942
TI  - Fast and slow myosin within single skeletal muscle fibres of adult rabbits.
AB  - There is good evidence for the coexistence of different myosin types both in
      developing muscles and in Purkinje cells from adult chicken hearts. In skeletal
      muscle fibres of adult animals, however, coexistence of fast (FM) and slow (SM)
      myosin has only been demonstrated after long-term electrical stimulation. The
      term 'promiscuity' has recently been coined to describe the coexistence of
      different myosin isoenzymes within a single fibre. Using novel, refined
      immunological methods we demonstrate here the presence of both FM and SM within
      single fibres of the musculus tibialis anterior of adult rabbits. Essentially
      identical results were also obtained with other muscles. Our findings imply that
      the genes coding for FM and SM can be expressed simultaneously within the same
      cell throughout an animal's entire life, and not only during development or after
      artificial electrical stimulation.

PMID- 381941
TI  - A structurally abnormal insulin causing human diabetes.
AB  - Insulin isolated from the pancreas of a diabetic patient with fasting
      hyperinsulinaemia showed decreased activity in binding to cell membrane insulin
      receptors and in stimulating cellular 2-deoxyglucose transport and glucose
      oxidation. Chemical studies suggest that the isolated hormone is a mixture of
      normal insulin and an abnormal variant which contains a leucine for phenylalanine
      substitution at position 24 or 25 of the insulin B-chain.

PMID- 381943
TI  - Clonal nature of mast-cell clusters formed in W/Wv mice after bone marrow
      transplantation.
AB  - We have recently found that the number of mast cells in the skin of adult W/Wv
      mice is less than 1% of that observed in congeneic +/+ mice, and that no mast
      cells are detected in other tissues of W/Wv mice. After the transplantation of
      bone marrow cells from congeneic +/+ mice, the number of mast cells in the skin,
      stomach, caecum and mesentery of the W/Wv mice increased to levels similar to
      those of the +/+ mice. Study of the mast-cell number in the W/Wv mice at various
      times after transplantation suggested to use that mast cells might develop in
      groups, particularly in the skin and mesentery. In this report, we have attempted
      to elucidate the possible clonal origin of such mast-cell clusters from a single
      precursor cell, using giant granules of beige (C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ, Chediak-Higashi
      syndrome) mice as a marker to identify the origin of the mast cells (Fig. 1). We
      found that when WB-W/+xC57BL/6-Wv (WBB6F1)-W/Wv mice were injected with a mixture
      of bone marrow cells from beige C57BL/6 mice and normal C57BL/6 mice, more than
      95% of mast-cell clusters consisted of either beige-type cells alone or normal
      type cells alone. We conclude, therefore, that the cluster of mast cells
      originated from a single precursor cell.

PMID- 381944
TI  - Towards an experimental analysis of molecular self-organization and precellular
      Darwinian evolution.
AB  - An experimental system is described, which opens up a novel pathway towards a
      molecular understanding of the origin of life. The systemic conditions for the
      evolution of biological macromolecules are investigated in detail.

PMID- 381948
TI  - J. B. Warren, M.D.

PMID- 381947
TI  - The action of the dihydro derivatives of prostacyclin--(6R)-PGI1 and (6S)-PGI1 on
      the heart and the coronary vasculature.
AB  - The action of the dihydro prostacyclins, (6R)-PGI1 and (6S)-PGI1, was studied on
      the isolated guinea pig heart and bovine coronary artery strips. PGE2 and PGI2
      were used as standards. In the isolated guinea pig heart (6S)-PGI1 decreased the
      coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), myocardial force of contraction (MFC) and
      oxygen consumption (QO2). (6R)-PGI1 did not produce a significant change in these
      parameters. The ED50 (50% o maximum coronary dilation) was approximately 20 times
      higher for (6S)-PGI1 than for PGI2 or PGE2. Treatment of the hearts with
      reserpine + tyramine abolished the (6S)-PGI1-induced decrease in MFC but not the
      decrease in the CPP. The same pattern of responses was seen with PGE2. Bovine
      coronary artery strips were contracted by both (6S)-PGI1 and (6R)-PGI1, the ED50
      (50% of maximum increase in tension) being 5 and 10 times higher than that for
      PGE2. The (6S)-PGI1-induced contraction was preceeded by a small relaxation,
      which, however, was much less than that seen after PGI2. It is concluded that the
      hydration of the 5,6 double bound in the PGI2 molecule results in an almost
      complete loss of PGI2-like activity and generates PGE-like activity. The same
      biological activity of both dihydro prostacyclins in the isolated coronary artery
      strip but not in the intact coronary vascular bed leads to suggest that the sites
      of action in these systems are different.

PMID- 381949
TI  - The Edgemont Community Clinic: Durham's student-operated free clinic begins its
      second decade.

PMID- 381946
TI  - [Activation, activity and inhibition of bovine trypsin].
AB  - Trypsin is a prototype of a large group of enzymes belonging to serine
      proteinases. The X-ray crystal-structure analyses of its proenzyme trypsinogen,
      of the active trypsin and of their complexes formed with the pancreatic trypsin
      inhibitor (PTI) have considerably enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms of
      activitation, action and inhibition. The trypsinogen is an incompletely folded
      molecule. Its substrate-binding site becomes only completely fixed upon the
      enzymatic cleavage of an N-terminal peptide. The contact regions of trypsin and
      PTI are almost complementary. The complex formed is a (stable) intermediate in
      the normal tryptic substrate-cleavage reaction.

PMID- 381945
TI  - Advances in chromatin research.
AB  - Recent results in chromatin research are reviewed. The nucleosomal arrangement is
      described and the roles of DNA, histones and non-histones are discussed in
      connection with their functions.

PMID- 381950
TI  - [I.M. Sechenov and modern neurophysiology (on the 150th anniversary of his
      birth)].

PMID- 381951
TI  - [Prof. V.V. Pravdich-Neminskii (on the 100th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 381953
TI  - Immunological and bacteriological studies in chronic pyelonephritis associated
      with kidney stones.
AB  - Histological and immunofluorescent techniques, urine, stone and renal fragment
      culture, demonstration of bacteria with fluorescent specific antisera in the
      renal tissue and determination of circulating antiGBM and antiTBM antibodies in
      the serum, were studied on the renal biopsies of 46 patients with chronic
      pyelonephritis (CPN) associated to kidney stones. Results show that the bacteria
      are often present in renal tissue of CPN with negative urine culture. The
      presence of C3 and C4 in some cases, and C3 and C3PA in others, at the tubular
      level associated with bacteria, suggest that the activation of the C system may
      be through the classic way, i.e., through the bacteriological immune complexes,
      or the alternate pathway, i.e., through the bacteria or their products. In
      conclusion, the evolution of the CPN may be related to the activation of the C
      system and the coagulation mechanism, as shown by frequent fibrinogen deposits.

PMID- 381952
TI  - The scientific heritage of Professor Zilber and his contribution to virus-genetic
      theory of malignant tumours.

PMID- 381954
TI  - Renal function during therapy in patients with congestive cardiac failure.
      Ticrynafen vs. hydrochlorothiazide.
AB  - 14 patients with congestive heart failure requiring diuretic therapy were
      randomly assigned to treatment with ticrynafen (TCRN) 250 mg or
      hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 50 mg once or twice daily. Both diuretics were
      effective and comparable in effecting a significant weight loss and increase in
      urinary sodium. The major difference between the two compounds was the marked
      fall in serum uric acid concentration and the increase in uric acid clearance
      occurring with ticrynafen. HCTZ caused an increase in serum uric acid and a fall
      in uric acid clearance. It is concluded that ticrynafen is a useful diuretic in
      the treatment of congestive heart failure and has the advantage of lowering serum
      uric acid rather than producing hyperuricemia.

PMID- 381955
TI  - Comparison of ticrynafen and probenecid in patients with elevated uric acid
      levels.
AB  - Ticrynafen, 125--250 mg/day was compared with probenecid 0.5--1.0 g/day in
      patients with elevated serum uric acid values in a randomized, double-blind
      crossover study. Each treatment period lasted 12 weeks. The mean reduction in
      serum uric acid from 9.4 +/- 1.2 to 6.22 +/- 1.2 mg/dl (33.8%) during ticrynafen
      was greater (p less than 0.01) than that from 9.46 +/- 1.1 to 7.0 +/- 1.3 mg/dl
      (26%) during probenecid treatment. There were slight increases in serum
      creatinine and BUN and decreases in body weight during ticrynafen treatment.
      There were no statistically significant changes in serum electrolytes. The
      hypouricemic effect of ticrynafen was well maintained during its subsequent open
      label administration for 18 months without any deterioration of renal function.

PMID- 381956
TI  - Antihypertensive and hemodynamic effects of ticrynafen compared with
      hydrochlorothiazide.

PMID- 381957
TI  - Renal function during ticrynafen therapy.
AB  - 526 patients with essential hypertension or congestive cardiac failure were
      treated with ticrynafen (250--500 mg/day) or hydrochlorothiazide (50--100 mg/day)
      for 6 weeks to 6 months. There was no appreciable effect on renal function, as
      measured by changes in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels. Both
      drugs exhibited similar antihypertensive activity and ability to control signs
      and symptoms of congestive cardiac failure. Side effects were mild and
      reversible. A notable difference is the marked reduction in serum uric acid in
      patients treated with ticrynafen, unlike the elevated urate levels occurring
      after treatment with hydrochlorothiazide.

PMID- 381959
TI  - [History of neurology in Warmia and Mazury].

PMID- 381958
TI  - [Quantitative determination of cells in sterile skin exudate in acute
      cerebrovascular diseases].
AB  - Rebuck's test was done in 126 subjects (40 healthy controls and 86 patients with
      acute cerebrovascular disease) on both upper extremities. In the control group no
      statistically significant quantitative difference was found in the number of
      cells in the exudate on both sides. In the patients, however, the number of cells
      in the exudate was greater on the paralysed extremity. The reaction dependent on
      the degree of paralysis, coexistence of sensory and autonomic disturbances, but
      was independent of the form of acute cerebrovascular disease (haemorrhage,
      encephalomalacia) and the time after the onset of the disease.

PMID- 381960
TI  - [Epidemiology of progressive muscular dystrophy].

PMID- 381961
TI  - [Studies on stroke and cerebrovascular sclerosis--progress in animal models
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 381962
TI  - [Cerebral protection by pharmacological agents (author's transl)].

PMID- 381963
TI  - [CT appearance of thalamic lesions in stereotaxic surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 381964
TI  - [Epidemiology of stroke--Japanese characteristics (author's transl)].

PMID- 381965
TI  - [A case of brain abscess due to Serratia marcescens (author's transl)].

PMID- 381966
TI  - Acute inhibitory effects of antiserum to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in
      ovariectomized rats. Evidence for pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing
      hormone.
AB  - To evaluate the dependence of pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) on
      gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), the acute effects of immunoneutralization
      of endogenous GnRH on plasma LH were compared in ovariectomized rats with
      phenobarbital treatment and hypophysectomy. Anti-GnRH produced a rapid dose
      dependent decrease in plasma LH and LH pulse amplitude. Pulsatile secretion of LH
      was eliminated in 6 of 12 rats treated with the highest dose of anti-GnRH, but
      plasma LH was still 50% of control values 3 h after treatment. Frequency of LH
      pulses was unchanged in animals which had persistence of pulsatile secretion of
      LH. Phenobarbital eliminated pulsatile secretion of LH transiently.
      Hypophysectomized rats displayed a striking decrease in plasma LH which could be
      resolved into two exponential components with half-lives of 16 and 70 min. The
      initial half-life of plasma LH from untreated rats determined after LH pulses was
      also 16 min. These studies support the hypothesis that pulses of GnRH induce the
      pulsatile pattern of plasma LH and may be responsible for all LH secretion in
      ovariectomized rats.

PMID- 381967
TI  - Rat gonadotropin release stimulated in vitro by GnRH-depleted rat brain extracts.
AB  - A study was made to compare the LH and FSH release patterns from isolated adult
      rat pituitaries in response to exposure to acidic extracts of rat hypothalamus or
      brain or to acidic extracts of GnRH-depleted hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, or
      cerebellum of adult (90-100 days old) or young (14 days old) rats of both sexes,
      using a continuous perifusion system. Hypothalami of adult rats contained 3-5 ng
      of radioimmunoreactive GnRH, while the corresponding cerebral cortex and
      cerebellum contained none, or extremely low levels of GnRH. Adult hypothalamic
      extract (HE) stimulated considerably greater LH and FSH release than was induced
      by cortical extract (CE) or cerebellar extract (CBE). Removal of assayable GnRH
      from HE by incubation with anti-GnRH serum reduced, but did not eliminate,
      release of both LH and FSH, suggesting that GnRH is the principal but not sole
      agent responsible for both LH and FSH secretions. Adult male HE released slightly
      more LH and FSH than did female HE due to its greater GnRH content. GnRH-depleted
      CE or CBE from both sexes induced LH and FSH releases qualitatively and
      quantitatively similar to those induced by CE, CBE or GnRH-depleted HE. Untreated
      extracts or GnRH-depleted extracts of all three brain regions from 14-day-old
      rats of both sexes induced similar LH and FSH releases as those of adult CE or
      CBE. Hypothalamus of young rats, which contained about 0.5 ng of immunoassayable
      GnRH did not release more LH and FSH than the corresponding cortex or cerebellum
      did. The data indicate that all brain regions so far studied, regardless of sex
      or age, contained presumably nonspecific substance(s), other than GnRH, capable
      of stimulating minor but significant LH and FSH releases. Their nature or role in
      physiological regulation of gonadotropin secretion is unknown, but must be
      considered, since current concepts, in which GnRH is the sole hypothalamic
      gonadotropin regulator, are not adequate.

PMID- 381969
TI  - Multiple sclerosis and housedogs: a case-control study.
AB  - A case-control study was conducted to examine the possible association between
      ownership of housedogs early in life and later development of multiple sclerosis
      (MS). Sixty MS patients were compared with 60 neighborhood controls matched for
      age, sex, and race. There was no significant difference between cases and matched
      controls in housedog ownership, duration of ownership, or age at first exposure
      to housedogs over the interval from birth to 19 years of age.

PMID- 381968
TI  - Neural control of reproduction.
AB  - The feedback loops involved in the neural control of reproductive cyclicity in
      primates are reviewed. A combination of morphological, endocrinological, and
      surgical experimental approaches was used to identify the different mechanisms
      involved. The main signal for pituitary secretion of gonadotropins is the
      estrogen secreted by the ovary. Estrogen probably affects the hypothalamic
      secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn stimulates the
      pituitary production of gonadotropins. These may in turn, through a short
      feedback loop, regulate the secretion of GnRH. Evidence for a direct effect of
      estrogen on the pituitary is presented. Future possible areas of research,
      including extrahypothalamic influences on reproductive mechanisms, are briefly
      outlined.

PMID- 381970
TI  - Paraparesis in hereditary multiple exostoses: case report.
AB  - The authors report a case of hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) with neurologic
      complications, and review the literature. A 23-year-old man exhibited a worsening
      spastic paraparesis with sphincter dysfunction. The cranial nerves and the
      exteroceptive and deep sensations were apparently undamaged. The family history,
      the physical examination, and the systemic radiologic examination revealed all
      the characteristics of HME. The neurologic complication was caused by an
      exostosis, arising from the C2 right hemilamina, compressing the spinal cord. The
      patient quickly improved after a laminectomy.

PMID- 381971
TI  - The design of clinical studies to assess therapeutic efficacy in multiple
      sclerosis.
AB  - Poorly designed trials of therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS) can waste time and
      money, and may lead either to false hopes or to the overlooking of a potentially
      effective treatment. A well-designed trial may well develop useful scientific
      information even if the putative therapy fails to show any therapeutic effect.
      The diagnosis, clinical course, and definitions of the stages of MS are discussed
      as they relate to trials of therapy. The goals of such trials include favorable
      modification of an exacerbation, favorable modification or prevention of future
      exacerbations, effective treatment of the progressive stage, and improvement of
      function in the stable-deficit stage. There should be an orderly progression from
      a small preliminary trial to a modest pilot trial and, when indicated, a full
      trial. All types of trials require careful organization and management,
      appropriate selection of patients, and properly planned and recorded
      observations. The treatment contrast--how the new treatment will be evaluated-
      provides the essential structure of the trial. The hypothesis being examined, the
      treatment contrast, and the observations being made in the designed clinical
      trial will govern the form of the analysis and the nature of the interpretations.
      Each goal requires that specific strategies and design considerations be applied
      to preliminary, pilot, and full trials.

PMID- 381972
TI  - From reform to relativism: a history of economists and health care.
AB  - During the first half of this century economists who studied health care were
      primarily concerned with reducing the financial burden of illness and making
      services more accessible. In recent decades, "scholarly research" by professional
      economists has become characterized by the exchange of social advocacy for
      scientific neutrality. Historical analysis of the assumptions underlying this
      shift--assumptions about the worth of resources and alternative ways to allocate
      resources--shows parallel changes in other social sciences and medicine. As
      commitment to reform is tempered by relativism, scientific inquiry may benefit at
      the cost of social justice.

PMID- 381973
TI  - From reform to relativism: commentary.

PMID- 381974
TI  - From reform to relativism: commentary.

PMID- 381975
TI  - From reform to relativism: commentary.

PMID- 381976
TI  - From reform to relativism: commentary.

PMID- 381977
TI  - From reform to relativism: rejoinder.

PMID- 381978
TI  - [Physical training in the treatment of angina pectoris].

PMID- 381979
TI  - [Treatment of severe arterial hypertension with a new peripheral vasodilator
      agent (minoxidil)].

PMID- 381981
TI  - [Intramuscular anesthesia with Ketalar. Our experience in 2446 cases].

PMID- 381980
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of a new anesthetic steroid: althesin].

PMID- 381984
TI  - [Comparison between automatic substraction devices and computer subtraction in
      radioisotope pancreatography].
AB  - Reference is made to several indicative cases in a personal series. Their
      comparative examination with a scanner and a gamma camera computer showed that:
      a) noticeably different findings were given by the two methods with regard to
      cystic, neoplastic, and inflammatory lesions of the pancreas, whereas; b)
      computerised subtraction was much more sensitive in lesions due to cysts and
      pancreatitis, even though there was no significant difference between the two
      methods in the case of neoplasia.

PMID- 381983
TI  - [Our experience with althesin in orthopedic surgery].

PMID- 381985
TI  - [Rupture of the transplanted kidney].
AB  - Five cases of kidney grafts followed by rupture are described. The explanation of
      the syndrome accompanying such an occurrence is deduced from personal
      observations as well as from literature data. As a matter of fact, the
      aetiopathology of this syndrome cannot be with an isolated cause, for several
      multifactorial immunological and non-immunological components may be involved.

PMID- 381982
TI  - [Althesin as an alternative to volatile anesthetics].

PMID- 381986
TI  - [Correlation between endocrine and exocrine function in chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 381988
TI  - [Treatment of Candida vulvovaginitis with a new imidazole derivative].

PMID- 381987
TI  - [Induction of labor. I. Review].

PMID- 381989
TI  - [Functional nephropathy in the course of hepatic cirrhosis. Pathogenetic
      relationships with changes in hepatic blood flow].

PMID- 381990
TI  - [Clinical and functional aspects of the kidney in relation to renal and
      intrarenal hemodynamic changes during hepatic cirrhosis].

PMID- 381992
TI  - Remembering Florence Nightingale.

PMID- 381991
TI  - [Decrease in medio-renal and cortical renal blood flow in liver cirrhosis.
      Relationships with changes in systemic hemodynamics].

PMID- 381993
TI  - Brigadier J. Ferris Fuller.

PMID- 381995
TI  - Obituary. Lynton McHardie Berry.

PMID- 381996
TI  - Colin Campbell Maclaurin.

PMID- 381994
TI  - Gentamicin resistance in Christchurch hospitals.
AB  - Prior to June 1976, the isolation of gentamicin resistant organisms was an
      infrequent occurrence in North Canterbury Hospital Board institutions. During
      July 1976, 20 different gentamicin resistant organisms were isolated from
      patients in Christchurch Hospital. Gentamicin resistant organisms hav e been
      continually isolated from an increasingly wide area since then. The organisms
      involved are: providence species; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Klebsiella species; E
      coli; Staphyloccus aureus; Proteus mirabilis; Staphylococcus epidermidis;
      Acinetobacter species; Enterobacter species; Haemophilus influenzae; Pseudomonas
      maltophilia CDC II F; Citrobacter species; Alcaligenes odorans and Pseudomonas
      species. The spread of gentamicin resistant organisms has occurred rapidly in the
      hospital environment. The importance of the urinary tract as a reservoir of
      microorganisms is indicated in this report.

PMID- 381997
TI  - Lionel Arthur Scrivin.

PMID- 381998
TI  - Professor Arthur Fieldhouse--Mrs Alice Fieldhouse.

PMID- 381999
TI  - Radiology of the ovary.

PMID- 382001
TI  - Diabetes and thyroid disease during pregnancy.
AB  - In a prospective study of 100 consecutive diabetic pregnancies, 1 was complicated
      by hyperthyroidism and 4 by hypothyroidism. The association of hypothyroidism
      with diabetes mellitus merits special attention as this combination of diseases
      affected 4 of 20 (20%) White's class D and F diabetics. Hydramnios and/or
      spontaneous premature labor were features of diabetic pregnancies complicated by
      compensated hypothyroidism. Delayed diagnosis of hypothyroidism may have
      contributed to the fatal congenital malformations in one of these fetuses, but
      the remaining infants survived, including 1 infant suffering from severe
      respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

PMID- 382000
TI  - Tubal pregnancy subsequent to transperitoneal migration of spermatozoa.

PMID- 382002
TI  - Common aspects of immunologic tolerance in pregnancy and malignancy.
AB  - The fetoplacental allograft and the malignant neoplasm represent the only 2
      biologic conditions in which antigenic tissue is tolerated by a seemingly intact
      immune system. Recent investigations in the fields of tumor and pregnancy
      immunology have resulted in the recognition of a variety of immunologic
      mechanisms which are common to both systems. These common denominators are
      reviewed and a thesis suggesting a common mechanism in the nonrejection of
      pregnancy and malignancy, based on the presence of embryonic antigens in both
      systems, is presented.

PMID- 382004
TI  - The first case of pneumoconiosis.

PMID- 382003
TI  - A new technique for vulvar skin grafting.
AB  - A new and easy technique for handling and applying a split-thickness skin graft
      to the vulva is described. The use of petrolatum gauze backing and application
      with the skin stapler, as well as postoperative management, are discussed.

PMID- 382005
TI  - [Radiological investigations of relapse after experimental rapid maxillary
      expansion (author's transl)].

PMID- 382006
TI  - [Dynamic studies on porcelain fused to gold crown of lower premolar with three
      dimensional photoelastic experiments (author's transl)].

PMID- 382007
TI  - [Endotoxin-like substance extracted from pure cultivated oral spirochetes
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 382008
TI  - [Studies on cell division and branching in Actinomyces israelii (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 382009
TI  - [The problem of load in implant prosthesis with needle fixtures].

PMID- 382010
TI  - A controlled trial of penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 382011
TI  - [Surgical treatment of pterygium].

PMID- 382012
TI  - [Semen Fedorovich Kal'fa].

PMID- 382013
TI  - [Experience in using allotransplantation of preserved tissues at a municipal eye
      hospital].

PMID- 382014
TI  - Rehabilitation of the elderly amputee: a review of the literature.

PMID- 382015
TI  - New embedding method employing GMA and Quetol 523 for light and electron
      microscopic observations of semi-thin sections.

PMID- 382016
TI  - Histochemical observation of GMA-Quetol 523 embedded tissue by light microscopy.

PMID- 382017
TI  - Arterial distribution in the region of the floor of the mouth of the rat by
      plastic injection method.

PMID- 382018
TI  - Pulse granuloma of the alveolar ridge.
AB  - Six examples of pulse granulomas of the alveolar ridge are presented. The lesion
      consists of a foreign-body granuloma containing identifiable particles of
      leguminous foods. The vegetable matter is introduced through an alveolar defect,
      usually a postextraction socket. Simple curettage is apparently adequate
      treatment to effect cure.

PMID- 382019
TI  - Infantile olfactory neuroblastoma. A clinicopathological study with review of the
      literature.
AB  - A case of olfactory neuroblastoma occurring in a 3-year-old girl is reported. The
      rarity of the lesion in early childhood is stressed and discussed with the
      clinico-pathological characteristics of the tumour, which are apparently more
      aggressive the younger the patient. Olfactory neuroblastoma should be considered
      as a possible diagnosis regardless of the age of the patient.

PMID- 382020
TI  - [Reconstruction of massive perforated and compact bone allografts in children].

PMID- 382021
TI  - [Allotransplantation of formalinized bones and articular ends in long tubular
      bone defects].

PMID- 382023
TI  - [Methods in long-term preservation of allogeneic skin for clinical use].

PMID- 382022
TI  - [Experience with management of patients with defects of the tibia].

PMID- 382025
TI  - [Methods and research in children's phthisio-orthopedics: 90th anniversary of the
      birth of the honored scientist, Z.Iu. Rol'e].

PMID- 382024
TI  - [Mikhail Isaakovich Kuslik].

PMID- 382027
TI  - [Case of successful autoplasty with a torn-off skin flap using V.K. Krasovitov's
      method].

PMID- 382026
TI  - [Selection of the optimal thickness of the dermatome skin flaps].

PMID- 382028
TI  - [History of the osteosynthesis of long tubular bones with the aid of orthopedic
      equipment].

PMID- 382029
TI  - [Present-day problem of use of radioisotopes in traumatology and orthopedics].

PMID- 382030
TI  - [In memory of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Prof. Lajos Adam].

PMID- 382031
TI  - [In memory of Dr. Gyorgy Gomori (1904-1957)].

PMID- 382032
TI  - [Otto Schwartzer, pioneer of medical press reviews].

PMID- 382033
TI  - [On the 250th anniversary of the birth of Peter Madacs].

PMID- 382034
TI  - [Imre Forbath, physician, writer, party worker (1898--1967)].

PMID- 382035
TI  - [Double anniversary of Prof. Felix Szontagh].

PMID- 382036
TI  - [Society of rural physicians].

PMID- 382037
TI  - [5-year clinical experience with the kidney calculi solvent Magurlit].

PMID- 382038
TI  - [Methodology of the history of materia medica].

PMID- 382039
TI  - [Bela Jancso--physician writer of the Hungarian community in Romania].

PMID- 382041
TI  - Hearing aids: design, mechanics, and characteristics.

PMID- 382040
TI  - [Hungarian National Women's Aid Association].

PMID- 382042
TI  - Noise-its effects and control. Glossary.

PMID- 382043
TI  - [Samuel Barnsley Pessoa].

PMID- 382044
TI  - [The cause of a mistake in the determination of the level of serum phosphorous
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The method of Briggs was not suitable for the determination of serum phosphorous
      levels in the blood of patients treated with blood substitute containing
      gelatine.

PMID- 382046
TI  - [Molecular pharmacokinetics].

PMID- 382045
TI  - [Bactericidal activity "in vitro" of sulfamethoxazol-tri-methoprime (SMZ-TMP)
      alone and in combination with various antibiotics on bacterial strains isolated
      from urinary tract infections (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors study "in vitro" effects of sulfamethoxazol-trimethroprime (SMZ-TMP)
      on 1 078 bacterial strains isolated from urinary-tract infections during january
      1974, the second trimester 1974 and january 1975. Study involves two parts :
      comparison between bacteriostatic activity of SMZ-TMP, ampicillin and nalidixic
      acid; evaluation of bactericidal activity of antibiotic associations including
      SMZ-TMP. MIC study included all strains. On Gram- negative bacilli the
      bacteriostatic activity of SMZ-TMP (74,6 percent of sensitive strains) was
      comparable with nalidixic acid (79,6 percent of sensitive strains) and better
      than ampicillin 31,4 percent of sensitive strains). On staphylococcus strains the
      bacteriostatic activity of SMZ-TMP (84,6 percent of sensitive strains) is better
      than ampicillin (36,4 percent of sensitive strains); on streptococcus strains the
      bacteriostatic activity of ampicillin (71 percent of sensitive strains) is better
      than SMZ-TMP (5l percent of sensitive strains). 473 associations including SMZ
      TMP were studied upon 44 strains of Gram- negative bacilli by bactericidal test.
      ("Cross disposition" method, derive from "cellophane transfer method".

PMID- 382047
TI  - [Evidence for one atypic variant of an alkaline phosphatase from human placenta
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A variant of a partially purified Placental Alkaline Phosphatase, showing a slow
      electrophoretic mobility but the same kinetic caracteristics as the common type,
      has been found. This variant also differs from the D type by its insensibility to
      L-leucine inhibition.

PMID- 382048
TI  - [Antibody coated bacteria detection by immunofluorescence method. Its assessment
      as diagnostic tool for uninary infection localization by the bladder washout
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 382049
TI  - [Hemoglobin oxygen combining capacity power. Reproducibility, variability; the
      effect of carboxyhemoglobin (author's transl)].
AB  - Hemoglobin oxygen combining power (HOCP) was measured in blood samples of 41 non
      smoking subjects and 36 smokers. The reproductibility and the varibility of this
      value were established (maximal variability was 2,5% in individual measurement).
      When the oxygen carrying capacity is reported to total hemoglobin (Hbt.), these
      two groups are not significantly different (1,344 +/- 0,004 ml O2 g-1 Hbt--n = 77
      ). However, when oxygen carrying capacity is reported to functional hemoglobin
      (Hbf = Hbt -- HbCO) there is a significative difference between smokers and non
      smokers (Student's t test 2 p less than 0,001) (1,404 +/- 0,005 ml O2 Hbf -- n =
      77-).

PMID- 382050
TI  - [Serum RIA vasopressin levels in 5 healthy subjects during water loading, before
      and during treatment by carbamazepine (author's transl)].
AB  - Serum vasopressin level has been measured by radioimmunoassay in 5 healthy
      subjects during water loading, before and during treatment by carbamazepine.
      Serum vasopressin drops significantly during carbamazepine in spite of
      antidiuresis. This drop may be explained by an effect of carbamazepine on renal
      tubular cell.

PMID- 382051
TI  - [Homogeneity of the erythrocyte volume distribution during chronic alcoholism
      macrocytosis (author's transl)].
AB  - The increase in volume of human erythrocytes during chronic alcoholic
      intoxication and its decrease after alcoholic deprivation was studied with a
      multichannel analyzer. When fractions of the population of red cells were
      separated by differential centrifugation the macrocytosis was found to be
      uniformly distributed. The presence of macrocytes was not related to changes of
      plasma osmolality or hyperhydration of red cells. A central origin was evoked,
      however, the role of the folic acid deficiency could not explain the
      macrocytosis, the mechanism of which remains to be elucidated.

PMID- 382052
TI  - [Molecular biology of chromatin].

PMID- 382053
TI  - [Study of some immune functions in cardiac patients undergoing an extra-corporeal
      circulation operation (author's transl)].

PMID- 382054
TI  - [Compared study of micro-aggregates filters (output, filtration pressure and
      study of the deposit with scanning electron microscopy) (author's transl)].
AB  - Special filters for the elimination of cellular aggregates were conceived
      especially to prevent pulmonary complications in patients shocked particularly
      after massive transfusions as well as to prevent cerebral complications after
      extra-corporeal circulation. The performances and the conditions of use of these
      filters (perfusion output, change of the filter) were considered. Four filters
      were carefully studied: the Fenwal filter, the Swank filter, the Biotest filter
      and the intersep Johnson and Johnson filter. The following studies were carried
      out for each filter: the perfusion output (of three bottles filtered one after
      another with or without pressure); the filtration pressure (Swank technique) of
      the whole blood up-and-down filter; the viscosity and various hematologic
      parameters (NF, hemoglobin and gobular ATP); finally, the deposit was studied
      morphologically with scanning electron microscopy. It appeared that a good
      capacity of aggregates elimination (decrease of the filtration pressure of 95%)
      was often linked to a feeble output and the necessity of replacing the filter.
      The efficacy of the Fenwal filter, the Swank filter, the Biotest filter and the
      intersept filter was practically the same, but the Intersept filter provided the
      best output with an equal filtration capacity. The other parameters remained
      about the same. The deposits included fibrinogen, deformed red blood corpuscules
      (echinocytes), leucocytes and platelets.

PMID- 382055
TI  - [A new case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with Philadelphia chromosome in the
      child (author's transl)].
AB  - The systematic study of the medullary karyotype in the course of haemopathies has
      led us to a new case of Philadelphia chromosome in an acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia. This was a case of a 13 year old child. Is this a particular class of
      haemopathy? Do such observations put a question on the dual theory of the origins
      of blood germ cells? The elaborate medullary karyotype in the course of
      haemopathy may solve this problem. A rigorously nosological classification is
      essential for appraising the therapeutic plan chosen and making a pronosis.

PMID- 382057
TI  - [Mini-review on the properties of glial cells of the central nervous system
      (author's transl)].
AB  - During the past 15 years, increasing studies have been devoted to glial cells,
      i.e. oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microglial cells of the central nervous
      system. Although most of their functions remain mysterious, the concept of
      intracellular interactions between neurons and neuroglia becomes more and more
      substantiated. This review describes some aspects of phylogeny of glia, recent
      technical approaches to the study of these cells, their major morphological and
      biochemical characteristics, their maturation as well as their pathology.

PMID- 382058
TI  - [Semi-automatic assay of post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activity
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A simple method for the assay of post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activity
      is described. The substrate was a stable intralipid solution. The amount of fatty
      acids released in the 37 degrees C incubation medium was measured several time
      during the reaction course, by light absorption on a Technicon auto-analyzer. By
      plotting these values on a graph paper, the curve of the post-heparin plasma
      lipoprotein lipase activity was obtained.

PMID- 382056
TI  - [About the different steps leading to the quality of medical informations
      (importance of medical computing (author's transl)].
AB  - To draw the best conclusions from a set of medical data, one must first choose
      correct, valid, representative and well-expressed information. So it's not
      sufficient to collect data, but we have to valid them before including them in
      the records. After having put out the general characteristics of any validation
      and defined the fields where they can be applied we recommend a method over three
      steps. First, the physician alone, then the physician with an informatician and
      again the physician seem concerned by the steps of control. It is particularly
      important to develop the validation of chronology and generally speaking of
      evolutive data. Of course, the costs of validation with respect to the large
      groups of data must be taken into account.

PMID- 382059
TI  - [Utilisation of pipemidic acid as antibiotic in patients with renal failure
      insufficiency. Kinetics of serum and urinary concentrations (author's transl)].
AB  - In 23 chronic renal patients serum and urinary concentrations of pipemidic acid
      were studied, the drug being given orally for 3 to 105 days. In 13 non-dialyzed
      patients, whose GFR varied from 4.5 to 36 ml/mn the dosage was 11.2 to 30
      mg/kg/day. Maximum serum concentrations were comprised between 6 and 29
      micrograms/ml. In 2 patients minor clinical side-effects indicated a maximum
      tolerance level of 25 micrograms/ml. Urinary concentrations remained elevated in
      spite of severe renal failure. In 10 hemodialyzed patients maximum predialysis
      levels varied from 5.6 to 28 micrograms/ml. No side-effects were noticed. The
      dialysance of pipemidic acid was high, due to a low molecular weight and to a
      binding to proteins which seems to be lower in uremics than in normal subjects.
      We conclude that pipemidic acid can be utilized in chronic renal patients, in
      taking advantage of low GFR's for obtaining serum bactericidal concentrations on
      susceptible organisms.

PMID- 382060
TI  - [The life and scientific activities of Prof. Leon Konrad Glinski (1870-1918)].

PMID- 382061
TI  - [Advances in pathomorphology during the last 30 years of the activities of the
      Silesian Medical Academy in Katowice].

PMID- 382062
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of regression dynamics in psoriatic lesions under the
      influence of cygnolin. I. Ultrastructural image of psoriasis].

PMID- 382065
TI  - Literature in pediatric radiology.

PMID- 382063
TI  - Bone-marrow failure in children.

PMID- 382064
TI  - Systemic air embolism in the respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn.
AB  - Details of 25 cases of neonatal systemic air embolism, including three of our
      patients, are reviewed. This rare complication of respiratory distress syndrome
      (RDS) was observed in 21 premature infants and 4 fullterm newborns, of whom 23
      required intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). In 21 of these
      patients air embolism was preceded by pulmonary interstitial emphysema,
      pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax and/or pneumopericardium. Air embolism occurred
      between 3 and 288 hours after delivery. The outcome was lethal in 24 cases, only
      one patient survived. Two main pathogenic mechanisms are discussed; entrance of
      air from ruptured alveoli into the lung capillaries and introduction of air via
      catheters in umbilical vessels.

PMID- 382067
TI  - The American Pediatric Society. Membership list. 1978-1979.

PMID- 382066
TI  - Characteristics of impaired chemotactic function in cord blood leukocytes.
AB  - Mobilities of cord blood granulocytes were studied using the agarose plate method
      and Boyden's chamber method. In the agarose plate, granulocytes of cord blood
      were shown to have moderately decreased responses in chemotaxis and chemokinesis
      induced by Escherichia coli-derived chemotactic factor and/or zymosan-activated
      serum, whereas they were shown to have a normal capacity of random mobility.
      Although their distance and index of chemotaxis or chemokinesis in the agarose
      plate were significantly less than those of adult granulocytes, response rate in
      both types of mobility were evidently higher compared with those in patients with
      chemotactic defect. Furthermore, there is a difference between chemotactic
      responses of cord blood granulocytes to E. coli-derived chemotactic factor and to
      zymosan-activated serum in the agarose plate method. Using the latter, a more
      distinguishable difference between chemotactic responses of cord blood
      granulocytes and adult granulocytes was shown. The Boyden's chamber method tended
      to show a more significant difference between chemotactic responses of
      granulocytes of cord blood and adults than in the agarose plate method.

PMID- 382068
TI  - The Society for Pediatric Research. Membership list. 1978-1979.

PMID- 382069
TI  - A review. Fat digestion in the newborn: role of lingual lipase and preduodenal
      digestion.

PMID- 382070
TI  - [From the resolutions of the National Education Committee to the International
      Convention of Children's Rights].

PMID- 382071
TI  - [Importance of children's problems in the Polish international policy].

PMID- 382072
TI  - [United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund].

PMID- 382073
TI  - [Memorial Hospital of the Children's Health Center].

PMID- 382074
TI  - [Committee of Human Development in the 6th Department of the Polish Academy of
      Sciences].

PMID- 382075
TI  - [General health status indicators in children and adolescents in 1977].

PMID- 382076
TI  - [Achievements and activities of the Society of Children's Friends].

PMID- 382077
TI  - [Family Planning Association].

PMID- 382079
TI  - Nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections in an intensive care nursery:
      rapid diagnosis by direct immunofluorescence.
AB  - A nosocomial outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infections involved 8 of 17
      infants in an Intensive Care Nursery and one additional infant in the adjoining
      Newborn Nursery. Immunofluorescent staining of nasopharyngeal specimens was
      positive in six of seven virologically confirmed cases (86%). One additional case
      with negative viral cultures was also identified by this technique. Viral
      isolation in tissue cultures required an average of 4.9 days, whereas results of
      immunofluorescent studies were available in two to four hours. Rapid
      identification of infected infants by immunofluorescence permitted prompt
      institution of infection control measures.

PMID- 382078
TI  - Incubator-baby side shows (Dr. Martin A. Couney).

PMID- 382080
TI  - Fetal cervical teratoma as a cause of polyhydramnios.

PMID- 382081
TI  - The pediatrician and congenital heart disease--1979.
AB  - Technologic advances in the diagnosis and treatment of children with congenital
      heart disease have created new, expanded roles for the practicing pediatrician.
      Early identification of infants with serious lesions continues to be vital, and
      support of children and their families following surgery is central to the
      solution of emotional, employment, and childbearing problems these patients may
      eventually face.

PMID- 382083
TI  - [In memoriam R. Debre].

PMID- 382084
TI  - The aesthetics of anaesthetics.

PMID- 382082
TI  - Intravenous linoleic acid supplementation in children with cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Ten children with CF in matched pairs were infused with either Intralipid or with
      10% glucose on a double blind basis every other week for one year. Although
      statistically there was significantly greater gain in height and weight in the
      study year compared to the previous year only for the test group, both groups
      improved more than expected. Cumulative data analysis showed greater improvement
      for the Intralipid group (23 of a possible 45 points) compared to the glucose
      group (-2 points; P less than .02). This study indicates the need to better
      define the role of nutrition in the pathophysiology of CF. Meanwhile, it is
      recommended that all children with CF have plasma linoleic acid levels measured
      at least once yearly, and if levels are low, appropriate supplements should be
      given.

PMID- 382085
TI  - Paratransplantation and tissue therapy.

PMID- 382086
TI  - The evolution of medical specialism.

PMID- 382087
TI  - The evolution and future of American animal agriculture.

PMID- 382089
TI  - Baccalaureate education in nursing: key to a professional career in nursing 1979
      80.

PMID- 382088
TI  - Euphemia Jane Taylor: an uncommon psychiatric nurse.

PMID- 382091
TI  - Baccalaureate programs accredited for public health nursing preparation 1979-80.

PMID- 382090
TI  - Master's education in nursing: route to opportunities in contemporary nursing
      1979-80.

PMID- 382092
TI  - Doctoral programs in nursing.

PMID- 382093
TI  - Education for nursing - the diploma way 1979-80.

PMID- 382094
TI  - State-approved schools of nursing L.P.N./L.V.N. 1979.

PMID- 382095
TI  - Home health agencies and community nursing services accreditation by NLN/APHA.

PMID- 382096
TI  - Associate degree education for nursing 1979-80.

PMID- 382097
TI  - Clostridium botulinum in fish.
AB  - 1407 fish caught in Scandinavian waters, the North Sea and the North Atlantic
      have been examined for the presence of Cl. botulinum. The incidence in gut
      samples expressed as percentage of fish tested was generally highest in fish from
      Scandinavian coastal waters and the Baltic Sea (4--43%), decreasing in fish from
      the North Sea (0--8%), and the organism was practically absent in fish from the
      North Atlantic. When gut samples were examined, the incidence was highest in
      demersal fish (cod and flatfish) as compared with pelagic fish (herring). The
      latter fish species were mainly contaminated on outer surfaces and gills. Only
      type E was detected in this survey, and Cl. botulinum was not detected in any
      wild fresh water fish. It is suggested that type E spores may originate in the
      sea bed and that they be spread by fish and water currents.

PMID- 382098
TI  - [Nerve "mixed" suture. A new technique (author's transl)].
AB  - A critical evaluation of the various methods of nerve suture, followed by the
      description of a new personal method of "mixed suture" taking up the neurolemma
      and the perineurium in the same stitch. It may be used under emergency conditions
      or not, at all levels of nerve trunk interruption (and in particular in the
      region of the plexi) without the need for costly optical equipment. The technique
      is simple and may be used under all circumstances, even by the non-specialised
      surgeon. Results obtained over more than 10 years, involving the treatment of 109
      nerve lesions confirm the value of this type of suture.

PMID- 382099
TI  - [Human trials of new drugs].

PMID- 382100
TI  - [Bronchopulmonary nocardiosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 382101
TI  - [Variations in blood viscosity in the diabetic related to an artificial
      pancreas].

PMID- 382102
TI  - [Liberation of platelet activating factor (P.A.F.) by alveolar macrophages].

PMID- 382103
TI  - [Human and experimental pulmonary pathology: immunomorphological technics].

PMID- 382104
TI  - [Complement and respiratory system defense. Immunofluorescent study of bronchial
      mucosa during asthma and chronic bronchopathies].

PMID- 382105
TI  - [Histogenesis of bronchial secretory IGA].

PMID- 382106
TI  - [Bronchial immunoglobulins in chronic and obstructive bronchopathies. Study by
      immunofluorescence].

PMID- 382107
TI  - [Macrophages : II. Their effector role in the immunity of grafts].

PMID- 382109
TI  - [Bioavailability of sodium valproate is modified by diet].

PMID- 382110
TI  - [Obituary: Armand J. Quick 1894--1978].

PMID- 382108
TI  - [Alternative complement pathway (author's transl)].
AB  - The dual role of the alternative complement pathway in recognition of foreign
      substances by a non-immune host and in the intrinsic regulation of the complement
      sequence is now well recognized. Activation of this pathway occurs through escape
      from its regulatory mechanisms induced by the activating principle; its
      functional expression depends on the respective levels of the component proteins
      C3, factor B, factor D and properdin, and on the control proteins beta 1H and
      C3bINA. This article presents recently acquired knowlege on the molecular
      mechanisms of activation, regulation and behaviour under pathological conditions
      of the alternative complement pathway.

PMID- 382111
TI  - [Reticulum cell sarcoma of the nipple].

PMID- 382112
TI  - [Activities of the Wilno Committee for Cancer Control during 1931-1936].

PMID- 382113
TI  - Baccalaureate and master's degree programs in nursing accredited by the NLN--1979
      80.

PMID- 382115
TI  - A nurse's war - 2. A trip to Rouen.

PMID- 382114
TI  - Cottage hospitals: a study in technology and organisation.

PMID- 382116
TI  - The Doulton story (Henry Doulton).

PMID- 382117
TI  - Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh: preserving a hospital's history.

PMID- 382118
TI  - Liver transplant--1. Surgical aspects of orthotopic liver tansplantation.

PMID- 382119
TI  - Liver transplant--2. Liver transplant operation.

PMID- 382120
TI  - Cost and bacteriological implications of replacing tea-towels and dishcloths with
      paper.

PMID- 382121
TI  - A temple of healing at King's Lynn.

PMID- 382122
TI  - [New method for diagnosis of species in the family of Enterobacteriaceae].

PMID- 382124
TI  - Nursing process--medieval style.

PMID- 382123
TI  - [Influence of the culture medium on recovery of cell multiplication of
      Escherichia coli treated with sublethal quantities of active chlorine].

PMID- 382125
TI  - The writings of Florence Nightingale.

PMID- 382126
TI  - Down memory lane: off to war.

PMID- 382127
TI  - Tragic death of former NM editor (Yvonne Cross).

PMID- 382128
TI  - Forum on healthy eating: it's a wonder babies ever survived.

PMID- 382129
TI  - Profile: Mee and my midwives (Brenda Mee).

PMID- 382130
TI  - Putting Mum in the picture.

PMID- 382131
TI  - Enter the leading Lady (Jean McFarlane).

PMID- 382132
TI  - The past - foundation for the future.

PMID- 382133
TI  - The thoughts of medicine man Hawk (Hawk Littlejohn).

PMID- 382134
TI  - Trial and measure.

PMID- 382135
TI  - Nursing management: past, present and future. Geordie girl on the go (Dorothy
      Blenkinsop).

PMID- 382136
TI  - Nursing management: past, present and future. Birth of an association.

PMID- 382137
TI  - [In memory of Dr. Edmund Podejma (24 October 1907--9 September 1978)].

PMID- 382138
TI  - [Method of determination of circulating blood volume by means of measurement of
      inactive iodine dilution].

PMID- 382139
TI  - [HL-A antigens in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 382140
TI  - [Clinical activities of the Anna Maria Hospital in Lodz in the years 1905--1913].

PMID- 382141
TI  - [Biological foundations of geriatric pharmacotherapy].

PMID- 382142
TI  - [Didactic and scientific contribution of the Postgraduate Medical Education
      Center to the development of endocrinology in Poland].

PMID- 382143
TI  - [Role of the reticuloendothelial system of the liver in pathology].

PMID- 382144
TI  - [Views held in Europe at the turn of the 19th century on the etiology and
      pathogenesis of neoplasms].

PMID- 382145
TI  - [Technical advances and the development of clinical chemistry].

PMID- 382147
TI  - Ascorbic acid and the common cold: reviewing the evidence.
AB  - Large-scale clinical trials of the effect of vitamin C on the common cold
      conducted since Pauling's pronouncement on its efficacy in 1970 have produced
      conflicting results. Benefits shown have been modest, and positive findings have
      not been reproducible. Reported benefits probably are due to statistical
      artifact, minor vitamin-induced physiologic changes, the placebo effect, or a
      combination of these.

PMID- 382146
TI  - Antiplatelet drugs in thromboembolism.
AB  - Evidence is mounting that three drugs that inhibit platelet function--aspirin,
      dipyridamole, and sulfinpyrazine--have an antithrombotic effect in humans.
      Particularly in men, aspirin is beneficial in controlling transient ischemic
      attacks and stroke, and there is evidence that it may be effective in preventing
      thrombotic and embolic complication of hip surgery. It abolishes symptoms in
      peripheral ischemia associated with thrombocytosis and spontaneous platelet
      aggregation and may prove effective in coronary artery disease. When combined
      with oral anticoagulants, aspirin is more effective than oral anticoagulants
      alone in preventing systemic embolism in patients with prosthetic heart valves.
      Dipyridamole in combination with oral anticoagulants reduces the incidence of
      systemic embolism after prosthetic heart valve replacement. Sulfinpyrazone
      reduces the incidence of sudden death in the first year after myocardial
      infarction, decreases the incidence of arteriovenous shunt thrombosis in patients
      undergoing chronic hemodialysis, and when combined with anticoagulants, may be
      effective in reducing the frequency of episodes in recurrent venous thrombosis.

PMID- 382148
TI  - Effects of intravenous and oral domperidone on the motor function of the stomach
      and small intestine.
AB  - One hundred and fifty-six patients referred for barium meal with follow-up
      examination, participated in a placebo-controlled blind assessment of the effects
      of domperidone against placebo, on gastric motility and emptying. None of the
      patients had organic obstruction, had undergone previous gastrointestinal surgery
      or were currently taking anticholinergic drugs. In one study, patients were
      randomly given either 10 mg, 20 mg or 50 mg of domperidone or placebo suspension
      orally 30 minutes prior to barium meal to simulate therapeutic conditions. In a
      separate study conducted under identical conditions, either 8 mg domperidone or
      placebo was given intravenously. Domperidone (8 mg i.v. or 20 and 50 mg orally)
      significantly promoted antral peristalsis and gastric emptying compared to
      placebo. The results suggest that domperidone improves motor function in the
      proximal part of the gastrointestinal tract and synchronizes motor function due
      to its protracted activity.

PMID- 382149
TI  - A double-blind study of domperidone in the symptomatic treatment of chronic post
      prandial upper gastrointestinal distress.
AB  - Oral domperidone (30 mg/day) or placebo tablets were given to 41 patients
      presenting with symptoms of chronic post-prandial dyspepsia, in a double blind
      study. The tablets were taken three times a day before meals. The first part of
      the study lasted four weeks and was followed by a second four week period in
      which domperidone was given on an open basis to all subjects. At the end of the
      double-blind phase all indices but one (bitter regurgitation) as well as the
      gastro-oesophageal reflux cluster had significantly improved on domperidone
      treatment while none had done so on placebo. During the subsequent open four
      weeks of domperidone all items improved in both study groups. No side effects
      were seen in any of the participants in the study.

PMID- 382150
TI  - A double-blind crossover trial of domperidone in chronic postprandial dyspepsia.
AB  - A doubld-blind crossover study of oral domperidone (10 mg t.d.s.) involving 48
      patients suffering from chronic postprandial dyspepsia, showed a significant
      relief of symptoms on active treatment compared to placebo. The trial lasted
      eight weeks, the crossover in medication taking place at four weeks. Side effects
      were rare and mild and it is concluded that domperidone could be a very useful
      drug for the symptomatic treatment of upper gastrointestinal distress.

PMID- 382151
TI  - Domperidone in the treatment of functional dyspepsia in patients with delayed
      gastric emptying.
AB  - Forty patients who were suffering from chronic dyspepsia, diagnosed clinically
      and radiologically as being related to delayed gastric emptying, were treated
      with either domperidone or placebo in a double-blind trial. The trial lasted four
      weeks and the dose of domperidone was 10 mg orally t.d.s. before meals. The
      results showed that the drug markedly improved symptoms and that side effects
      were few, being recorded in one patient only, on active treatment. It is
      concluded that domperidone is a useful agent for the treatment of dyspepsia with
      retarded gastric emptying.

PMID- 382152
TI  - Domperidone for the symptomatic treatment of chronic post-prandial nausea and
      vomiting.
AB  - Forty patients with postprandial nausea and vomiting from a variety of underlying
      causes, were given either domperidone 20 mg t.d.s. or placebo in a double-blind
      study lasting two weeks. The tablets were taken before meals and no other anti
      emetics were used. Nausea and vomiting were reduced in those patients given the
      active therapy, the results being recorded as excellent in 62% in the domperidone
      group and 18% of controls.

PMID- 382153
TI  - A double-blind comparison of domperidone and metoclopramide suppositories in the
      treatment of nausea and vomiting in children.
AB  - In a double-blind trial in 60 children suffering from gastroenteritis complicated
      by vomiting, it was found that suppositories of domperidone (30 mg) were more
      effective than either metoclopramide (10 mg) or placebo in reducing the severity
      of vomiting, nausea and other symptomatic parameters. No side effects were
      reported throughout the 24 hour period of the trial and the results suggest that
      domperidone suppositories may well prove to be the drug of choice in such cases
      of paediatric vomiting.

PMID- 382154
TI  - Domperidone drops in the symptomatic treatment of chronic paediatric vomiting and
      regurgitation. A comparison with metoclopramide.
AB  - Forty-seven infants and children suffering from chronic vomiting or
      regurgitation, participated in a two-week double-blind trial comparing 1% drops
      of domperidone, 1% metoclopramide drops or placebo. The dose was 0.3 mg/kg given
      t.d.s. before meals. Both active medicaments were significantly more effective
      than placebo in controlling the symptoms and domperidone was also significantly
      superior to metoclopramide. It is concluded, in view of the good safety margin
      with domperidone, that this drug could become the treatment of choice in such
      cases.

PMID- 382155
TI  - A multicentre pilot study of parenteral and rectal administration of domperidone
      in the treatment of severe vomiting in children.
AB  - A small scale pilot study among 41 children with severe vomiting, showed that a
      single administration of domperidone either intravenously, intramuscularly or
      rectally, effectively controlled the symptom within 3 hours in 36 (88%) patients.
      The excellent results together with the safety of this new drug indicate its
      potential value in these patients.

PMID- 382156
TI  - Domperidone in the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.
AB  - In a series of open pilot studies, intravenous domperidone was given to three
      groups of post-operative patients, at doses ranging from 10 mg to 60 mg. As a 
      result of these studies, it was decided that a regime of 20 mg initially,
      followed by maintenance doses of 10 mg at 6 hourly intervals was highly effective
      in preventing post-operative nausea and vomiting. Consequently this regime was
      chosen to evaluate domperidone against placebo in a double-blind study involving
      106 patients. The results showed that only three out of 53 patients (5.7%) on
      active treatment were having nausea and vomiting compared with 16 of 53 patients
      (30.2%) on placebo. It is concluded that this regime is effective in preventing
      post-operative nausea and vomiting.

PMID- 382157
TI  - Domperidone as an anti-emetic; summary of research reports.

PMID- 382158
TI  - Evaluation of the effect of domperidone on human oesophageal and gastroduodenal
      motility by intraluminal manometry.
AB  - Intraluminal manometry has been used in a series of five studies on healthy
      volunteers and patients, to examine the action of domperidone on lower
      oesophageal sphincter pressure (LOSP), on peristaltic contraction, amplitudes and
      on antral, pyloric and duodenal motility. Furthermore, the effect on gastric acid
      secretion, pH, secretory volume and serum gastrin levels was studied. It was
      found that domperidone increased LOSP significantly but was less effective in
      patients with symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux than in normal volunteers.
      The drug also increased the amplitude of oesophageal and duodenal peristalsis but
      had no effect on endogenous gastrin release or on gastric acid secretion. The
      results suggest that this drug may be useful in the treatment of gastro
      oesophageal and gastroduodenal reflux. This potential benefit is enhanced by the
      absence of side effects even when given in high doses.

PMID- 382160
TI  - Nutrition in pregnancy.

PMID- 382159
TI  - Review of general surgery 1978.

PMID- 382161
TI  - Nutrition and lactation.
AB  - Recommended dietary allowances for women during pregnancy are discussed in the
      light of actual intakes both in the developing and industrialized countries. The
      difference between total energy intakes in the industrialized countries (around
      2900 kcal) and in the developing countries (around 1600 kcal) is emphasized. Data
      are provided from The Gambia which demonstrate the effect of seasonal changes in
      maternal dietary intake on the quantity of breast milk produced and on its
      quality. The relationship between breast-milk supply and infant growth is also
      demonstrated.

PMID- 382162
TI  - The respiratory response to pregnancy.
AB  - The respiratory response to pregnancy appears to be largely mediated by the
      action of progesterone and, perhaps to a lesser extent, oestrogens, at least in
      the first and second trimesters. The mechanical effects of the gravid uterus
      cause relatively little change in pulmonary mechanics, although finer changes in
      airways function require further investigation. Dyspnoea during pregnancy is also
      probably hormone-mediated but the exact temporal relationship between hormone
      status, functional change and the development of symptoms is not yet clearly
      defined.

PMID- 382163
TI  - Respiratory disease in pregnancy.
AB  - Respiratory disorders seem to be better tolerated during pregnancy than disorders
      of the cardiovascular system. Pregnancy seems to have a variable effect on
      bronchial asthma although respiratory function in general shows little change.
      Similarly patients with bronchiectasis do not tend to show functional
      deterioration. Fetal growth, however, may be adversely affected in these
      conditions if arterial hypoxaemia is present. The problems of drug treatment of
      respiratory disorders in pregnancy, particularly asthma and tuberculosis, are
      discussed.

PMID- 382164
TI  - Renal physiology in pregnancy.
AB  - The changes which occur in renal excretory function during pregnancy are
      discussed. The relationship between glomerular filtration rate and effective
      renal plasma flow is examined in the light of new serial data obtained under
      conditions of saline diuresis. Changes in the renal handling of nutrients and in
      the excretion of waste products during pregnancy are reviewed.

PMID- 382165
TI  - Renal disease in pregnancy.
AB  - In this review the need for early antenatal assessment of renal disease is
      stressed as is the need to follow-up all patients in the puerperium in whom renal
      dysfunction has been suspected during pregnancy. A variety of renal disorders and
      their effect on the outcome of pregnancy are discussed.

PMID- 382166
TI  - The physiology of thyroid function in pregnancy.
AB  - Pregnancy has a variety of effects on maternal thyroid function. Thyroid gland
      enlargement is common particularly in areas of relative iodine deficiency. The
      renal clearance of iodine is increased in pregnancy and together with an
      increased volume of iodine distribution, leads to a low plasma inorganic iodine
      and thus increases the thyroidal iodine clearance. However, the absolute iodine
      uptake and hormone production rate remain unchanged. There is an increase in the
      serum thyroxine (T4)and triiodothyronine (T3) concentration largely due to an
      increase in thyroid hormone-binding proteins. Free thyroxine and free T3 remain
      unchanged in pregnancy as does the Free Thyroxine Index, which gives the single
      most accurate measure of thyroid function. The placenta secretes a number of
      thyroid stimulators including human chorionic gonadotrophin and possibly
      chorionic thyrotrophin and molar thyrotrophin whose physiological role is to date
      poorly understood. The fetal thyroid develops independently, and although fetal
      T4 CONCENTRATION RISES PROGRESSIVELY To maternal by term, the T3 concentration is
      markedly reduced owing to preferential formation of inactive reverse T3.

PMID- 382167
TI  - Liver and gastrointestinal function in pregnancy.
AB  - Difficulties arise in the interpretation of liver tests in the pregnant subject,
      since some values increase (alkaline phosphatase) whilst others remain unchanged
      (transaminases) or fall during pregnancy. The diagnosis and management of some
      causes of jaundice in pregnancy, such as viral hepatitis, gall stones, benign
      intrahepatic cholestasis and acute fatty liver of pregnancy are discussed. Little
      is known about the commonest symptoms of pregnancy (nausea, vomiting and
      constipation) other than that they might be due to hormonally induced alteration
      of sphincter tone. However, pre-existing bowel disease has a greater effect on
      pregnancy. Fertility is reduced in poor nutritional states (e.g. coeliac and
      Crohn's diseases) and an increased occurrence of spontaneous abortion has been
      noted. For inflammatory bowel diseases, the time of onset is important in
      determining the outcome of pregnancy. Relapse in the disease is commonest in the
      first trimester and in the puerperium. Treatment of these conditions is
      essentially as in the non-pregnant subject. The controversial subject of
      sulphasalazine and steroid usage in pregnancy is discussed.

PMID- 382168
TI  - Metabolic changes in pregnancy relevant to diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The alterations in carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy are discussed and
      possible mechanisms for these changes are put forward. It is stressed that the
      raised levels of plasma glucose, the enhanced response to insulin and the
      decreased tissue sensitivity to insulin are all features of normal pregnancy. It
      may be difficult to distinguish this from very early forms of diabetes mellitus
      during pregnancy, the detection of which is briefly considered.

PMID- 382169
TI  - Blood clotting and fibrinolysis in pregnancy.
AB  - During normal pregnancy, the concentrations of many of the clotting factors rise,
      thereby increasing the potential to generate fibrin. There is also evidence of
      increased thrombin activity during normal pregnancy which sharply increases
      during placental separation. Antithrombin III, the main inhibitor of thrombin and
      activated factor X, shows no compensatory rise during pregnancy but increases
      during the puerperium. Plasminogen and antiplasmin concentrations rise during
      pregnancy but systemic fibrinolytic activity, as measured by the euglobulin lysis
      time, is markedly depressed during pregnancy; the reduced fibrinolytic activity
      returns to non-pregnant values very soon after delivery. The loss of fibrinolytic
      activity is presumed to be loss of plasminogen activator, because when this is
      added in excess in the urokinase sensitivity test, the fibrinolytic response is
      normal. The capacity for localized fibrinolytic activity is not lost, however,
      because fibrinolytic degradation products are slightly raised during pregnancy.
      The overall pattern is one of increased coagulant and reduced fibrinolytic
      capacity during pregnancy which may protect the pregnant woman against the
      haemostatic challenge of placental separation.

PMID- 382171
TI  - Comparative susceptibility and effect of mild Aspergillus fumigatus infection on
      three strains of chickens.
AB  - A single Comb White Leghorn strain (Dryden X Auburn = DAX) was more susceptible
      to Aspergillus fumigatus infection and suffered significantly greater mortality
      than the Athens-Canadian or a Vantress X Arbor-Acres cross exposed soon after
      hatching. The unexposed controls of the three types weighed significantly more
      than the corresponding exposed survivors at 5 weeks of age.

PMID- 382172
TI  - The acute abdomen in the accident and emergency department.

PMID- 382170
TI  - Coagulation problems in human pregnancy.
AB  - Coagulation problems in pregnancy are primarily associated with overactivity of
      the intrinsic clotting system. This accounts for the increased incidence of
      thrombo-embolism during pregnancy. Where specific obstetric complications cause
      clotting problems the common underlying feature is usually placental pathology as
      in abruptio placentae, pre-eclampsia or hydatidiform mole. Abnormal activation of
      the clotting system is an early, and occasionally the first detectable feature of
      pre-eclampsia, but there is no evidence that this is a primary change. Therefore
      the role of anticoagulant treatment in the management of pre-eclampsia remains
      questionable. A new test for estimating factor VIII consumption is proving to be
      a sensitive index of early activation of the clotting system and can be used for
      the diagnosis of early pre-eclampsia.

PMID- 382173
TI  - Treatment of chronic eczemas. The comparative efficacy of two creams.

PMID- 382174
TI  - A nineteenth century family and its health.

PMID- 382175
TI  - [Clinical spectrum of mycoplasma pneumonia].

PMID- 382176
TI  - [The clinical diagnosis and prognostic significance of casually found corneal
      arcus (author's transl)].

PMID- 382177
TI  - [A double-blind comparative study of the analgesic effect of Azapropazone, alone
      or in combination with dextropropoxyphen (author's transl)].

PMID- 382178
TI  - The epidemiology of carbon monoxide in cardiovascular disease in industrial
      environments: a review.

PMID- 382179
TI  - Potential mechanisms for the augmentation of atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic
      disease by cigarette smoking.

PMID- 382181
TI  - [Regulation of the fluid state of the blood and the problems of pathophysiology].

PMID- 382180
TI  - The evaluation of postmastectomy morbidity: a review of the literature.

PMID- 382182
TI  - [In memoriam Sergei Sil'vestrovich Kharamonenko].

PMID- 382183
TI  - Chylomicrons. Mechanism of transfer of lipolytic products to cells.

PMID- 382184
TI  - Hepatic triglyceride lipase in tissue and plasma.

PMID- 382186
TI  - Serum dopamine beta-hydroxylase.

PMID- 382185
TI  - Chemistry and biochemistry of insect waxes.

PMID- 382187
TI  - Excretion of insecticides.

PMID- 382188
TI  - The effect of anti-convulsant drugs on cognitive abilities.

PMID- 382189
TI  - Clinical information: where to get answers.

PMID- 382190
TI  - A.N. Richards; or, why I don't have an M.D.

PMID- 382191
TI  - An expression of the state of the art with regard to physiological simulation.

PMID- 382192
TI  - Teaching by simulation with personal computers.

PMID- 382193
TI  - Computer simulation in the physiology student laboratory.

PMID- 382194
TI  - Maurice B. Visscher. A half-century as a scientist--citizen. A past presidential
      address update.

PMID- 382195
TI  - [A pioneer biography (Barbara Lach)].

PMID- 382196
TI  - [Loyalty to one's vocation (Maria Pol)].

PMID- 382197
TI  - Plasmids that mobilize bacterial chromosome.

PMID- 382198
TI  - Plasmid RP4, with Escherichia coli DNA inserted in vitro, mediates chromosomal
      transfer.

PMID- 382200
TI  - Sa/I restriction endonuclease maps of FII incompatibility group R plasmids.

PMID- 382199
TI  - Plasmids mediating multiple drug resistance in group B streptococcus:
      transferability and molecular properties.

PMID- 382201
TI  - Kinetoplast DNA.

PMID- 382202
TI  - Effects of chloramphenicol and rifampicin on the replication of R plasmid NR1
      deoxyribonucleic acid in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 382203
TI  - Replication of plasmids in mutants of Escherichia coli temperature-sensitive for
      initiation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis.

PMID- 382204
TI  - Medial plantar sensory flap for coverage of heel defects.
AB  - A sensory flap, based on the medial plantar artery and incorporating the
      cutaneous branches of the medial plantar nerve, is described for the coverage of
      heel defects.

PMID- 382205
TI  - The free latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap.
AB  - The general anatomy and the detailed vascular anatomy of the latissimus dorsi
      myocutaneous flap is described, and its use as a free flap is illustrated. The
      speed and ease with which it can be raised, its long vascular pedicle, the large
      diameter of the donor vessels, and the potentially large size of the flap are
      emphasized.

PMID- 382206
TI  - Construction of natural appearing female genitalia in the male transsexual.
AB  - A surgical technique is presented which gives an excellent appearance and
      functional result in male-to-female transsexual conversion of genitalia. The
      complications have been few, and the conversion is done in one operation.

PMID- 382208
TI  - Use of submandibular flap to close pharyngostomes and other defects of lower
      anterior neck region.
AB  - We describe the use of a suprahyoid flap for reconstruction in the lower anterior
      neck. It has been most useful for immediately closing pharyngostomes and for
      resurfacing defects from the excision of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx or
      other neoplasms involving the skin. This flap provides a good deal of viable
      tissue, it can easily be rotated without a delay procedure, and the donor area is
      closed by direct suture. We present our experience with 22 cases.

PMID- 382207
TI  - The relationship between the number of sutures and the strength of microvascular
      anastomoses.
AB  - The relative strengths of microvascular anastomoses in rat femoral arteries were
      measured, comparing controls (no anastomosis) to those with 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and
      14 stitches. The ones in which 8 sutures were used most closely paralleled the
      control state, whereas those with 4 or 6 sutures were clearly inferior. With a
      greater number of sutures the vessel behaves as a "shorter" vessel, with the
      anastomosis becoming the weakest part of the vessel.

PMID- 382209
TI  - Bone scintigraphy of experimental composite bone grafts revascularized by
      microvascular anastomoses.
AB  - In these experiments the reliability of bone scintigraphy with 99mTc
      diphosphonate, to assess anastomotic patency and the viability of revascularized
      composite fibular grafts, was studied. It was shown that bone scintigraphy is
      very useful for the diagnosis of anastomotic patency, but only in the first
      postoperative weeks. Bone scintigraphy gives no information on the viability of
      bone grafts.

PMID- 382210
TI  - Bone formation by revascularized periosteal and bone grafts, compared with
      traditional bone grafts.
AB  - Three groups of dogs were studied to compare the bone formation obtained with
      traditional bone grafting techniques, and that obtained with revascularized
      periosteum or revascularized bone grafts--all in unstressed bone. Revascularized
      periosteum did not produce a significant amount of bone in this unstressed model.
      At 4 months the revascularized rib grafts had a slightly greater tolerance to
      stress at the callus site than traditional bone grafts, but the incidence of non
      union was the same. We conclude that the use of revascularized bone grafts should
      be reserved for situations in which traditional bone grafting techniques are
      unlikely to be successful.

PMID- 382211
TI  - Beneficial effect of staged division of pedicle in experimental axial-pattern
      flaps.
AB  - Using an experimental model, the effect of a staged division of the pedicle of a
      flap on vascularization from its bed was studied. This delay procedure seemed to
      stimulate the ingrowth of a greater number and larger size of vessels--to enhance
      the blood flow from the bed with significantly greater tissue survival in the
      flap after complete division of the pedicle.

PMID- 382212
TI  - Nutrient blood flow in delayed axial pattern skin flaps in pigs.
AB  - Blood flow was investigated in 112 skin flaps (84 delayed and 28 undelayed) in 28
      pigs. The flow was significantly (P less than 0.001) increased over the control
      flow with increasing delay intervals, reaching the greatest flow at one week
      after the delay (paralleling the increase in tissue survival). This increased
      blood flow persisted after definitive flap raising. The circulatory adjustments
      within the first week of the delay constitute the delay phenomenon, and they
      determine the ultimate viability of the skin flap in this model.

PMID- 382213
TI  - Evaluation of tests for predicting the viability of axial pattern skin flaps in
      the pig.

PMID- 382214
TI  - The effects of gravity on delayed and transplanted delayed tubed flaps.
      Commentary.

PMID- 382215
TI  - [Preliminary studies on the determination of the optimal opipramol dosage in
      depression].

PMID- 382216
TI  - [Steroid hormones and the activity of the central nervous system].

PMID- 382217
TI  - [Psychosocial factors in the etiology of endogenous affective disturbances].

PMID- 382218
TI  - [Dr Krystyna Krause-Holyst (1927-1978)].

PMID- 382219
TI  - The seventeenth-century transformation of the hysteric affection, and Sydenham's
      Baconian medicine.
AB  - Before 1600 the 'hysteric affection' was a paroxysmal ailment of women explained
      as primarily due to the condition or malposition of the womb. During the
      seventeenth century attention shifted from the womb to the brain. Then Thomas
      Sydenham's clinical method yielded a view of hysteria which comprehended a wide
      range of illness with a mental component, and which was related to the whole
      person. In the course of this paper the relation of the hysteric affection to
      witchcraft, demonic possession, St Vitus' dance (chorea), hypochondria and
      melancholy is also noted.

PMID- 382220
TI  - Obsessive--compulsive personality: a review.

PMID- 382222
TI  - Research on the effects of disconfirmed client role expectations in
      psychotherapy: a critical review.

PMID- 382221
TI  - Intellectual functioning in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a review.

PMID- 382223
TI  - Categories for classifying language in psychotherapy.

PMID- 382224
TI  - TSH and LH responses in subtypes of depression.
AB  - TRH and LHRH were simultaneously infused into a group of five male patients with
      primary unipolar depression and four male secondary depressed patients. Blood
      samples were measured for LH and TSH just before and two hours following
      infusion. Six healthy male subjects matched for age were similarly studied. Our
      results showed: 1) that basal levels of TSH and LH were not different in any of
      the three groups of subjects, 2) TSH responses in the three groups were not
      significantly different, and 3) the LH response was significantly greater in the
      secondary depressed patients than the primary unipolar depression and normal
      controls at all time intervals after infusion. Our results add to the existing
      evidence for an abnormality in the hypothalamo-pituitary regulation of pituitary
      hormones-in particular LH. Such an abnormalit has not been reported in the
      literature to our knowledge. Our results tend to suggest a biological difference
      in the two subtypes of depression studied. Neuroendocrine studies would appear to
      be a useful diagnostic procedure in the differentiation of these subtypes of
      depression.

PMID- 382226
TI  - The National Health Service Corps.

PMID- 382225
TI  - Preparation for labor: a historical perspective.
AB  - A historical analysis of the literature pertaining to psychoprophylaxis
      demonstrates that contemporary treatment methods have diverse and complex
      origins. Although many training manuals are presented as outlines of the "Lamaze"
      method, historical evidence indicates that Grantly Dick-Read (Natural Childbirth.
      London, Heinemann, 1933; Childbirth Without Fear. New York, Harper and Brothers,
      1944), an English obstetrician, made the most substantive contributions to this
      area. Although Fernand Lamaze is generally regarded as the pre-eminent authority
      on psychoprophylaxis, a comparison of his 1958 text with the original Soviet
      source (I. Velvovsky et al., (Eds.), Painless Childbirth Through
      Psychoprophylaxis, Moscow, Foreign Languages Publ. House, 1960) demonstrates that
      he deleted and modified substantial portions of the treatment regimen and failed
      to keep abreast of developments in Soviet theory. Neither Dick-Read, Velvovsky et
      al. or Lamaze (Painless Childbirth. London, Burke, 1958) present data which
      permit cause and effect conclusions regarding treatment and outcome. By the same
      token, none of these authors demonstrated interest in the empirical validation of
      their theories regarding pain, anxiety, or fear reduction.

PMID- 382227
TI  - Composites--to etch or not to etch.

PMID- 382228
TI  - Biochemistry and measurement of environmental lead intoxication.

PMID- 382229
TI  - Enzymic modification of environmental intoxicants: the role of cytochrome P-450.

PMID- 382230
TI  - Determinants of biodegradability.

PMID- 382231
TI  - Genes, pollutants and human diseases.

PMID- 382232
TI  - Interaction of radiofrequency and microwave radiation with living systems. A
      review of mechanisms.
AB  - Human health aspects and biological effects of radio frequency (RF) and microwave
      radiation have been in the focus of research efforts in the last decade. An
      understanding of the interaction mechanisms between such radiation and living
      systems is essential in interpreting experimental results and assessing potential
      health hazards. A comprehensive review of basic biophysical interaction
      mechanisms between RF and microwaves in the frequency range between 10 MHz and
      300 GHz and biological systems is provided in this paper. The interactions at
      various levels of organization of a living organisms such as molecular, cellular
      and macroscopic are discussed.

PMID- 382234
TI  - Intracellular and extracellular radiosensitization of Serratia marcescens by
      bipyridinium compounds.

PMID- 382235
TI  - Radiosensitivity of progenitor cells of the hematopoietic microenvironment.

PMID- 382236
TI  - The Lord Cohen lecture.

PMID- 382233
TI  - Effect of elevated temperatures on the radiation sensitivity of yeast cells of
      different species.
AB  - The influence of hyperthermia on the survival of irradiated yeast cells of
      different species has been studied. The experiments reported in the paper have
      shown: (1) simultaneous action of ionizing radiation and high temperatures
      appeared to increase the radiation response by a factor of approximately 2.7 for
      diploid and only by a factor of 1.5 for haploid cells of wild-type; (2) the
      combined action of high temperature and ionizing radiation had no synergistic
      effect for rad51 mutant diploid yeast cells; (3) heating before or after
      irradiation did not alter the radiation response of yeast cells; (4) enhancement
      of yeast cell sensitivity by simultaneous action of hyperthermia and 239Pu-alpha
      particles was negligible; (5) the magnitude and the rate of liquid holding
      recovery is lowered with increasing of irradiation temperature. On this basis, it
      was concluded that possible mechanism for thermal sensitization of yeast cells
      may involve the reduced capacity of cells to recover damages resulted from the
      combined action of both modalities.

PMID- 382237
TI  - Gray scale ultrasound and the genitourinary tract. A review of clinical
      applications.
AB  - Diagnostic ultrasound has many well established indications in the evaluation of
      genitourinary tract disease. Musch of this information complements or
      corroborates findings derived from other investigations. The role of ultrasound
      as a primary diagnostic modality is still evolving, but it appears to be useful
      in a variety of clinical situations, especially in azotemia, suspected
      hydronephrosis, and renal transplantation. Ultrasound also has a place in the
      evaluation of the retroperitoneum, the perirenal space, and the adrenal glands,
      and preliminary work suggests a role in prostatic and testicular abnormalities as
      well. State of the art prospective comparisons with computed tomography need to
      be made in many of these areas before the precise role of ultrasound can be
      defined.

PMID- 382238
TI  - Continuing education: evolution or revolution: II. What about the future?
AB  - Having previously written something about the 'roots' of the radiologic
      technology profession, the author now concentrates on where it goes from here.
      What are the implications of the demand for accountability on the educational
      process? How does it adjust to changing technology? What are the future career
      prospects? How does the profession meet manpower challenges? Who pays the bills?
      Because the future cannot be completely defined in the present, this article
      necessarily asks more questions than it answers, but seeks input into the
      decision-making process from those who are most affected by it--radiologic
      technologists.

PMID- 382239
TI  - Acute focal bacterial nephritis (acute lobar nephronia).
AB  - Acute lobar nephronia (ALN) refers to a renal mass caused by acute focal
      infection without liquefaction. The radiological findings in 12 patients with 13
      episodes of ALN are described. A characteristic combination of uroradiological
      findings is (a) a relatively sonolucent mass which disrupts corticomedullary
      definition on ultrasonography; (b) a solid-appearing mass on other
      uroradiological studies; and (c) a positive gallium image in the region of the
      mass, which may be associated with increased activity elsewhere in the same or
      opposite kidney. The angiographic finding of significant venous narrowing within
      the mass associated with only minor arteriographic abnormalities is
      characteristic of ALN as well.

PMID- 382240
TI  - Non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the lungs.
AB  - Twenty-seven consecutive cases of pulmonary involvement by non-Hodgkin in
      lymphoma, including 2 cases of primary pulmonary disease, were anlyzed. The
      radiological manifestations of illness were divided into (a) nodular (subpleural,
      deep parenchymal, or perihilar), (b) pneumonic-alveolar (segmental or lobar), (c)
      bronchovascular-lymphangitic (central bronchovascular or diffuse lymphangitic),
      and (d) miliary-hematogenous. Histiocytic lymphoma was associated with
      infiltration of rapid onset in 6, cavitating nodules in 2, and diffuse
      lymphangitic dissemination in 9. Of 16 patients with lymphocytic lymphoma, 7 had
      lobar or segmental alveolar involvement.

PMID- 382241
TI  - Acute pulmonary edema after the intravenous administration of contrast media.
AB  - Acute pulmonary edema developed in two young, previously healthy women
      immediately after the intravenous administration of contrast media. The pulmonary
      edema, rare in young persons, could not be explained by classical anaphylaxis,
      contrast media overdose, sodium and fluid overload, or acute myocardial
      infarction. A nonimmunologic osmotic mechanism causing reversible pulmonary
      capillary leak might explain the clinical events observed in both patients. Both
      responded to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), indicating the possible
      utility of CPAP in treating pulmonary capillary-leak contrast reactions.

PMID- 382242
TI  - The role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of kidney allograft rejection.
AB  - Seventeen nephrectomized dogs underwent kidney transplantation from unrelated
      donors. Routine immunosuppressive therapy was administered. Serial ultrasound
      studies and biopsies and complete pathological examinations were performed and
      compared. A number of sonographic changes were observed within the renal
      parenchyma during rejection, some of which were present before a significant rise
      in serum creatinine levels. The medulla became enlarged due to edema, followed by
      growth of the rest of the kidney and thickening of the cortex. The cortical
      echoes became more sparsely distributed and either increased or decreased in
      amplitude; distribution was generalized or localized. During rejection, the
      corticomedullary boundary became indistinct. Later, a decrease in the renal sinus
      echoes was also noted. In 2 cases, perirenal fluid collections occurred as the
      result of renal rupture.

PMID- 382244
TI  - Did Rontgen discover the X ray by himself?
AB  - The historical background of the discovery of the x ray and some of Lenard's
      claims to priority are discussed. There is no doubt that the x ray is the sole
      discovery of Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen.

PMID- 382243
TI  - Correlation of echographic and histologic findings in suspected renal allograft
      rejection.
AB  - Immunologic renal allograft rejection is the most common cause of diminished
      renal function in the transplant patient, yet it is difficult to distinguish from
      other etiologies, frequently requiring biopsy before therapy can be instituted.
      To determine the utility of ultrasound in the diagnosis of this type of
      rejection, the authors correlated histologic and echographic findings of 30 coded
      biopsies and sonograms in 25 patients. The results were encouraging, with a 71%
      rate of accuracy in indicating steroid therapy for acute rejection and an
      accuracy rate of 81% in contraindicating it. There was exact agreement of
      echographic and histologic evaluations as to extent of chronic rejection in 70%
      of cases.

PMID- 382245
TI  - In memoriam: Ira A. Rowlson, M.D. 1892-1978.

PMID- 382246
TI  - Fate of the false lumen following surgical repair of aortic dissections: an
      angiographic study.
AB  - Postoperative angiography was performed in 27 patients who had surgical repair
      for aortic dissections. The ascending aorta was involved in 22 dissections (Type
      A), while in five dissections it was uninvolved (Type B). Findings were assessed
      between two weeks and 13 years postoperatively. Despite the primary surgical
      objective to abolish flow in the false lumen, the majority of patients, whether
      symptomatic or not, continued to harbor patent distal false channels. In certain
      cases, one or more vital aortic branches were perfused solely by the false lumen.
      Initial postoperative angiography is indicated for determined surgical results as
      well as the functional significance of late angiographic findings, should
      symptoms recur. Further extension of the initial dissection, redissection, or
      enlargement of localized saccular aneurysms may mandate late reoperation. These
      conditions manifest themselves by pain, aortic regurgitation, neurological
      sequelae, or compromise of blood flow to a vital organ or extremity.

PMID- 382248
TI  - In memoriam. William H. Alexander, M.D. 1923-1979.

PMID- 382247
TI  - Stereotactic localization of breast lesions.
AB  - The author describes a method of localizing nonpalpable breast lesions by
      transferring measurements from craniocaudal- and lateral-view radiographs to the
      breast itself in order to determine needle placement. In the more than 100
      attempted cases, the lesion has been specifically localized, usually within 1 cm
      of the needle tip. Percutaneous biopsy can be carried out with the first needle
      used as a guide wire for the biopsy needle.

PMID- 382249
TI  - In memoriam. Carleton Barnhart Peirce, M.D. 1899-1979.

PMID- 382251
TI  - [Inflammation with the fixed prosthesis].

PMID- 382250
TI  - Results and significance of angiography in potential kidney donors.
AB  - Multiple renal arteries originating from the aortoiliac vessels were identified
      angiographically in 44% of 444 prospective renal donors. Bilateral multiple renal
      arteries were identified in 12%. With good immunological donor-recipient
      matching, 17 kidneys with multiple renal arteries were transplanted with
      excellent results; therefore, presence of multiple renal arteries should not be
      considered a contraindication to kidney transplantation. A high proportion (17%)
      of the prospective donors, acceptable by all other means of evaluation, had
      abnormmal angiographic findings that led to reconsideration of their acceptance.
      In addition to multiple renal arteries, neither renovascular atherosclerosis nor
      fibromuscular dysplasia proved to be an absolute contraindication to
      transplantation.

PMID- 382252
TI  - [Nonsense suppressors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (author's transl)].

PMID- 382253
TI  - [Animal proteinase inhibitors (author's transl)].

PMID- 382254
TI  - [Mechanism of replication of colicin E1 plasmid DNA (author's transl)].

PMID- 382256
TI  - [Colicin receptors and outer membrane in Escherichia coli (author's transl)].

PMID- 382255
TI  - [Mini-colicin E1 plasmid (author's transl)].

PMID- 382258
TI  - [Interaction between pyocin R and its receptor (author's transl)].

PMID- 382257
TI  - [Vitamin B12-binding protein and colicin receptor (author's transl)].

PMID- 382259
TI  - [Molecular biology of colicin tolerant mutants of E. coli (author's transl)].

PMID- 382260
TI  - [DNase activity of colicin E2 (author's transl)].

PMID- 382261
TI  - [Low molecular weight substances produced in colicin E2-treated cells of E. coli
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 382262
TI  - [Mode of action of colicin K (author's transl)].

PMID- 382263
TI  - [Current topics of studies on bacteriocins (author's transl)].

PMID- 382264
TI  - Effects of prostacyclin on coronary circulation, heart rate and myocardial
      contractile force in isolated hearts of guinea pig and rabbit - comparison with
      prostaglandin E2.
AB  - Infusions of prostacyclin (PGI2) (3 x 10(-10) - 3 x 10(-7)M) into the coronary
      circulation of isolated hearts from ginea pigs or rabbits resulted in a
      concentration-dependent decrease in the coronary perfusion pressure (CPP). There
      was a slight decrease in left ventricular systolic pressure in the heart of the
      rabbit, whereas the heart rate remained unchanged. PGE2 was without effect on the
      heart of the rabbit but was as potent as PGI2 in decreasing the CPP in the guinea
      pig heart. 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha (up to 3 x 10(-6) M) did not affect any of the
      parameters measured.

PMID- 382265
TI  - [Immunopathological studies in bullous skin diseases].

PMID- 382266
TI  - [Is herpes gestationis a peculiar form of pemphigoid?].

PMID- 382267
TI  - Effects of individual and group relaxation therapy on blood pressure in essential
      hypertensives.

PMID- 382268
TI  - Bibliography on nuclear physics.

PMID- 382269
TI  - [Our schools of specialization: yesterday and today].

PMID- 382271
TI  - [The surgeon, histologic technics and surgical pathology].

PMID- 382270
TI  - [Leiomyosarcoma of the duodenum. Presentation of a case and review of the
      literature].

PMID- 382272
TI  - [Palatine stabilization bars in fixed prostheses].

PMID- 382274
TI  - [Cytologic characteristics of smears in women with moniliasis].

PMID- 382273
TI  - [Response to "De Motu Cordis" in the Netherlands and elsewhere (1628--1657)].

PMID- 382275
TI  - [Current concepts on the pathogenesis of delayed cutaneous porphyria].

PMID- 382276
TI  - [Encephalopathy caused by hemodialysis and functioning renal transplant].

PMID- 382277
TI  - [Medicine and revolution].

PMID- 382278
TI  - [Biological evaluation of Cuban plants. II].
AB  - The study of the antimicrobial activity of aqueous, alcoholic and ketonic
      extracts from different parts of five superior, dried, grinded and defatted
      plants of the families Myrtaceae, Polypodiaceae and Zingiberaceae is pursued.
      Good results were obtained from Psidium guajaba leave and stem ketonic extracts
      as well as from Costus spicatus leave and root alcoholic extracts.

PMID- 382279
TI  - [Biological evaluation of Cuban plants. III].
AB  - Aqueous, alcoholic and ketonic extracts were prepared from different parts of
      species of the families Martiniaceae, Caricaceae, Umbeliferae, Nictaginaceae and
      Fitolacaceae in order to prove their antimicrobial action on bacteria which have
      a clinical interest in humans and live in our environment. The gel double-layer
      diffusion method was applied. The best results were obtained from Carica papaya
      leave extracts.

PMID- 382280
TI  - [Biological evaluation of Cuban plants. IV].
AB  - Aqueous, alcoholic and ketonic extracts from leaves and stems of plants of the
      families Malvaceae, Anonaceae, Punicaceae, Verbenaceae and Urticaceae were
      analyzed in order to prove their antibacterial proprieties. The best results were
      obtained from Punica granatum extracts which inhibited over a 50% of bacteria.

PMID- 382281
TI  - [Biological evaluation of Cuban plants. V].
AB  - The study of the antimicrobial activity of aqueuos, alcoholic and ketonic
      extracts from plants growing in Cuba is pursued. Six species of the families
      Rutaceae, Portulacaceae, Borraglinaceae and Jasminaceae were analyzed, and their
      activity on bacteria with a human clinical interest was assessed. The best
      results were obtained from Heliotropium campechianum, Jazminum sambac and
      Portulaca oleracea.

PMID- 382282
TI  - [Biological evaluation of Cuban plants VI].
AB  - The study of the antibacterial activity of plants growing in Cuba is pursued.
      Aqueous, alcoholic and ketonic extracts were prepared from five species, and it
      was found that the best inhibitions corresponded to the species Hamelia patens,
      Nephrolepis acuminata, Calocarpum sapota and Colocasia antiquorum.

PMID- 382283
TI  - [Biological evaluation of Cuban plants. I].
AB  - Aqueous, alcoholic and ketonic extracts from five species of superior plants of
      the families Papilonaceae, Euforbiaceae, Moraceae, Piperaceae and Solanaceae were
      assessed from an antibacterial viewpoint using the gel double-layer diffusion
      method with cylindric sections. Values of inhibition areas are depicted in
      diameter millimeters. The best results were obtained from Desmodium barbatum
      extracts.

PMID- 382284
TI  - [Presence of Trichostrongylus axei (Cobbold, 1879) Raillet et Henry, 1909, in
      cattle in Cuba].
AB  - The first finding of Trichostrongylus axei (Cobbold, 1879) Railliet et Henry,
      1909 in the Cuban bovine cattle is reported. Its characteristics are described
      and measurements obtained by authors are compared to those from others. Fifty
      animals were examined and a 94% invasion was found.

PMID- 382285
TI  - [Anticholinesterase action of tetramisole].

PMID- 382286
TI  - [Results of intradermal tests with toxoplasmin in a survey performed among mental
      patients admitted to the clinical surgical teaching hospital "10 de Octubre" in
      Havana].
AB  - Intradermal tests using toxoplasmin were performed among three hundred mentally
      handicapped patients admitted to the "10 de Octubre" Clinical-Surgical Teaching
      Hospital in Havana between 1976--1977 and 100 healthy subjects. A statistically
      significant difference between reactors among patients (54,7%) and reactors among
      healthy subjects (30,0%) was found. Results are compared to those from a similar
      paper performed in the Psychiatric Hospital of Havana in 1967. It is concluded
      that the higher the severity of affections the higher the percentage of reactors
      in the surveyed series.

PMID- 382287
TI  - [Quantitative sypnosis of the Cuban ground mollusc fauna].
AB  - A systematically organized synopsis involving a numerical estimate of different
      taxons (a quantitative analysis per Prosobranchia and Pulmonata subclass
      families) is presented. Major groups regarding the number of species and/or
      subspecific types were determined. Among ground prosobranchiates a marked
      predominance of the Pomatiasidae family (about 360 species), Helicinidae family
      (about 80 species) and Cyclophoridae family (about 32 species) was found. Among
      pulmonates, Urocoptidae family and Ceriidae, family were the highest diverse
      ones; the latter involved a single markedly polymorphic genus with almost 150
      types. The Helicacoae superfamily as well as the Tructicicolidae and Camaenidae
      families were highly satisfactorily represented.

PMID- 382288
TI  - [Homage from the Brazilian Nurses' Association--Sao Paulo to Mrs. Maria Rosa
      Sousa Pinheiro, at her golden anniversary in public service].

PMID- 382289
TI  - [In memoriam of a Spanish anesthetist: Saturnino Faure Gomez].

PMID- 382290
TI  - [Anesthesia with gamma hydroxybutyrate in patients with acute hepatopathies].

PMID- 382291
TI  - [Teratogenic effect of various anesthetics].

PMID- 382292
TI  - [Comparative study of glycopyrrolate and atropine].

PMID- 382293
TI  - [Effect of specific cancer drugs and pain killers on the indication of
      anesthetics and adjuvants].

PMID- 382294
TI  - [Alfredo Santamaria. In memoriam].

PMID- 382295
TI  - [Automated diagnosis in rheumatology].

PMID- 382296
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr Alfredo Santamaria Agusti].

PMID- 382298
TI  - [Triple blind comparative study with IBH-194].

PMID- 382297
TI  - [Double blinds, crossed and at random comparative study of the activity of
      fenbufen and aspirin in arthritis of the hip and the knee].

PMID- 382299
TI  - [Reccurent aphthous ulceration--occurrence variation in relation to the smoking
      habit and its intensity].

PMID- 382300
TI  - [Galvanoplating].

PMID- 382301
TI  - [Verification of the distortion of casting blocks, as a function of different
      storage conditions of the wax models and of the region measured. I. Class I
      preparation].

PMID- 382303
TI  - Thrombogenesis: interaction of blood components with the vessel wall.

PMID- 382304
TI  - Hypercoagulability.

PMID- 382302
TI  - [Histometric study of structural variations of the submandibular gland of the rat
      subjected to gonadectomy and restitutional hormonal therapy].

PMID- 382305
TI  - Von Willebrand's syndrome.

PMID- 382307
TI  - Immunologic markers for classification of leukemias and non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

PMID- 382306
TI  - Biochemical markers in leukaemia and lymphoma.

PMID- 382308
TI  - Childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia--a model for therapeutic strategies in
      hemopoietic neoplasia.

PMID- 382309
TI  - Can remission duration be prolonged in acute myeloid leukaemia?

PMID- 382310
TI  - Advances in the therapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

PMID- 382311
TI  - Current problems of iron overload.

PMID- 382312
TI  - Haematological disturbances of porphyrin metabolism.

PMID- 382313
TI  - [Immunsuppression by vitamin B6-antagonists. Prolonged survival of inbred rats
      with renal transplants (author's transl)].
AB  - The combined effect of Vitamin B6 free diet and 4-Desoxipyridoxin (a potent
      Vitamin B6-Antagonist) on the rejection reaction of inbred rats after renal
      transplantation was investigated. More than 90% of the control animals without
      Vitamin B6-deficiency died between 7 and 13 days with uremia due to an acute
      transplant rejection, where as the Vitamin deficient and successfully
      transplanted animals (n=38) showed a significantly prolonged survival time. In
      17/38 rats survival was longer than 35 days. Vitamin B6-deficiency, induced by
      Desoxipyridoxin and Vitamin B6-deficient diet offers the possibility of an
      effective and reversible immunosuppression in renal transplantation.

PMID- 382314
TI  - Leucocyte adherence inhibition: a microassay demonstrating antigen recognition in
      cattle.
AB  - Calves, sensitised by cutaneous application of dinitrochlorobenzene, developed
      lesions of delayed hypersensitivity at the sites of application nine to 14 days
      later. Leucocytes from sensitised calves, collected 10 to 16 days after
      sensitisation, reacted in an in vitro leucocyte adherence inhibition test with
      the same hapten in water soluble form, dinitrobenzenesulphonate. The leucocyte
      adherence inhibition microtest which was simple, rapid, reproducible and amenable
      to rigorous statistical analysis, should find use in many areas of bovine
      immunology.

PMID- 382315
TI  - The effect of in vitro antibacterial properties of bovine milk diets on the
      natural colonisation of newborn piglets with coliform bacteria.
AB  - The diets suitable for the hand rearing of piglets in incubators were examined.
      Diet A was based on cows' milk heated to 56 degrees C and had bacteriostatic and
      antiadhesive properties against Escherichia coli. Diet B was based on evaporated
      cows' milk and did not have these properties. The numbers of coliform bacteria
      naturally colonising the small intestines of newborn piglets fed entirely on
      these diets for one week did not differ significantly, however both were
      significantly higher than in control piglets suckled from birth. Faecal counts of
      coliforms were similar in all three groups. Examination of the bacteriostatic
      sensitivity of the isolated strains to sows' milk indicated a predominance of
      milk-sensitive strains colonising the suckled piglets and a predominance of milk
      resistant strains in the piglets fed diet B. This diet-dependent colonisation
      could not be explained by the in vitro bacteriostatic properties of the diets
      alone.

PMID- 382316
TI  - The survival of serum resistant Escherichia coli in the bovine mammary gland
      following experimental infection.
AB  - Serum resistant strains of Escherichia coli were injected into one or two
      quarters of the udders of eight healthy dairy cows. Animals receiving infection
      into two quarters showed variation in their ability to eliminate the bacteria.
      This variation extended from elimination from both glands to complete failure to
      remove the organisms from either gland. In most cases, the organisms were removed
      from one gland before the clinical signs of infection were observed, but
      persisted in the other gland for three to four days. Following a single infection
      most animals eliminated the organisms before the appearance of clinical signs,
      but one retained the bacteria for four days. The retention of bacteria within the
      gland for a period longer than the initial inflammatory response resulted in
      their survival within neutrophils; and in some of these glands spasmodic clinical
      signs of mastitis reappeared for up to at least 40 days after the initial
      infection. These signs were associated with the reappearance of the same
      serological strain of E coli. Bovine serum albumin levels in the milk were found
      not to constitute the most effective marker of the serum components involved in
      the bactericidal activity.

PMID- 382317
TI  - Location of immunoglobulins in the skin of cattle and sheep.
AB  - The pattern of distribution of immunoglobulins (Ig) found within the skin of
      cattle and sheep was the same in both species. IgA was detected mainly in the
      sweat gland duct and in the intercellular spaces of the living epidermis. IgG was
      also located at the latter site but was found in greater amounts throughout the
      dermis and in the endothelium of the blood vessels. IgM was primarily located at
      the basement membrane of the epithelial structures, in the hair papilla and in
      the walls of the blood vessels. Lower concentrations of IgM were also detected in
      the upper dermis.

PMID- 382318
TI  - The pathogenesis of experimental Escherichia coli mastitis in newly calved dairy
      cows.
AB  - Experimental infections of the mammary gland of newly calved cows with 500 serum
      resistant Escherichia coli produced a very severe form of mastitis when compared
      with animals in mid-lactation. Ten hours after infection the bacteria had
      multiplied in the milk to very high numbers (10(6)--10(7)/ml) and the animals
      showed signs of pyrexia, anorexia and diarrhoea. Initially the gland and milk
      showed little or no clinical signs of mastitis, but later the secretion became a
      viscous, serous fluid with little or no casein or fat. A delay in diapedesis of
      neutrophils into the gland appears to be the reason for the peracute state and
      lack of clinical signs. This form of pathogenesis may produce a paradoxical
      situation where the most severe cases of E coli mastitis cannot be diagnosed at a
      stage early enough for the animal to respond to therapy.

PMID- 382319
TI  - Chemical, physical, and biological methods for the disposal and detoxification of
      pesticides.

PMID- 382321
TI  - [Unstable angina (author's transl)].

PMID- 382320
TI  - [Inert gas (author's transl)].

PMID- 382322
TI  - [History of the institute for Rheumatic Diseases in Zagreb and its role in the
      development of the rheumatological health service in Croatia during the last 50
      years].

PMID- 382323
TI  - [Trial of pivalone in radiation-induced mucous membrane inflammation in E.N.T].

PMID- 382324
TI  - [Tribute to Dr. Francisco Puelma Tupper and Aureliano Oyarzun (author's transl)].

PMID- 382325
TI  - [Isotope studies in cardiovascular diseases. Clinical applications].

PMID- 382326
TI  - [Epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the Paris area].
AB  - The area studied includes the city of Paris and the neighboring departments of
      Val-d'Oise, Seine-Saint-Denis, Hauts-de-Seine, Yvelines, Essonne, Val-de-Marne,
      and Seine-et-Marne. Case finding methods and diagnostic criteria are defined. The
      temporal and spatial distribution of cases is described, and the absence of case
      clustering is noted. Incidence per million people (per year) was found to be 1,09
      in the city, 0,55 in the adjacent departments, and 0,25 in the peripheral
      departments. These results are discussed.

PMID- 382327
TI  - [Pierre Kissel, 1906-1978].

PMID- 382328
TI  - [Current possibilities of splinting for obsturator prostheses].

PMID- 382329
TI  - [Cold lymphocytotoxins].

PMID- 382330
TI  - [Vertical dimension in total prosthesis].

PMID- 382331
TI  - [Prosthetic therapy in the positional defects of the post-dam].

PMID- 382332
TI  - [Bibliography of the scientific publications of the staff of Medical School in
      Bialystok, 1975-1976 (author's transl)].

PMID- 382333
TI  - [Requirements of a good comparative therapeutic trial].

PMID- 382334
TI  - [The therapeutic trial by the practician].

PMID- 382335
TI  - [Ethical and legal problems posed by therapeutic trials].

PMID- 382337
TI  - Examination of human and animal leukemic cells by high contrast scanning electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Investigation of human or animal (sheep and ox) leukemic cells by scanning
      electron microscopy enabled the identification and study of some ultrastructural
      details of the cell surface. A more detailed visualization by the high contrast
      technique of the same cell surface was obtained, in this work, for the first time
      in the biological field. This technique allows a better interpretation of any
      zone of the preparation examined, irrespective of the species from which the
      cells are collected.

PMID- 382338
TI  - [Serological diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar) using Crithidia sp.
      as an antigen (preliminary report)].

PMID- 382336
TI  - Oral hypoglycemic drugs and cardiovascular pathology.
AB  - The classification, the mechanisms of action and the main side effects of
      sulfonylureic derivatives and biguanides are discussed. Emphasis is laid on the
      present controversy concerning the assumed adverse effect of these drugs on the
      cardiovascular system. The authors' opinion in this problem and their practical
      conclusions are based on their experience at the Center of Nutrition and
      Metabolic Diseases, Bucharest.

PMID- 382339
TI  - [Reconstructive bone surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 382341
TI  - [Urea nitrogen in blood (BUN) and blood picture in a load in patients undergoing
      hemodialysis transplantation programme (author's transl)].

PMID- 382340
TI  - [The history of parodontal surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - The classical history of parodontal surgery is certainly of some interest. The
      author, however, was convinced that it was just as important to review the
      history of the pseudo-treatment of parodontal affections, about which a great
      deal has been written, but which needs to be demystified in order that true
      parodontology be accepted by the largest number of persons.

PMID- 382342
TI  - Spleen and relapse in chronic myeloid leukaemia.

PMID- 382344
TI  - Incidence of 'dry tap' on bone marrow aspirations in lymphomas and carcinomas.
      Diagnostic value of the small material in the needle.
AB  - Of 2907 bone marrow aspirations in patients with various malignancies, 192 or
      6.6% exhibited 'dry tap'. In about 80% of the 'dry tap' there was material
      present inside the bone marrow needle which gave smears useful for evaluation of
      the bone marrow cytology. About 23% displayed normal cytology. Bone marrow
      involvement could be diagnosed in 13 out of 55 'dry tap' in Hodgkin's disease, 41
      out of 46 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and lymphosarcoma, 6 out of 20 in
      reticulum cell sarcoma, 6 out of 9 in myelomatosis and 20 out of 45 in carcinoma.
      In a material of 174 aspirations with tumour cells in the bone marrow aspirate,
      the highest incidence of 'dry tap' was found in patients with Hodgkin's disease
      and patients with carcinoma, the lowest incidence in patients with multiple
      myeloma.

PMID- 382343
TI  - B-prolymphocytic leukaemia--a mantle zone lymphoma?
AB  - A case of prolymphocytic lymphoma/leukaemia (PL) sensu Galton in a 32-year-old
      man is presented. The leucocyte count was 19.0 x 10(9)/1 at presentation and
      tartrate resistent acid phosphatase was present in most prolymphocytes.
      Immunological investigation of prolymphocytes from lymph nodes, spleen and
      peripheral blood revealed the surface marker phenotype: SmIg + (mu, (delta),
      lambda), IgG-Fc-receptor +, C3-receptor +. The prolymphocytes from lymph nodes
      and spleen were C3-receptor + in a high percentage, while only a few were IgG-Fc
      receptor +. This proportion was reversed in the blood prolymphocytes. The
      histology of lymph nodes was unique and strongly suggested a preferential
      involvement (homing phenomenon) of the mantle zone of the lymphatic follicle.
      These results may indicate that emission of prolymphocytes from lymph nodes to
      circulation involves a change of surface receptors. It is finally suggested to
      consider the diagnosis of not only hairy-cell leukaemia but also PL in the case
      of tartrate resistent acid phosphatase-positive lymphoma/leukaemia.

PMID- 382345
TI  - Ureteral obstruction by aorto-iliac aneurysms--a common complication?
AB  - During a 4-year-period, 5 cases of ureteral obstruction by aorto-iliac aneurysm
      were detected. Over the same period 50 aorto-iliac aneurysms were resected. One
      of the 5 patients was not operated on. In the remaining 4, the aneurysm was
      resected and replaced by a Dacron bifurcation graft. Nephrectomy was performed in
      the first 2 patients. Autotransplantation of the remaining kidney was carried out
      in one case following enucleation of a hypernephroma ex vivo. In the other 2
      patients, ureterolysis and intraperitoneal transposition of the ureter was
      performed in conjunction with resection of the aneurysm. One of the latter
      patients suffered from uraemia due to a non-functioning kidney on the other side.
      Ureteral obstruction appears to be a relatively common complication of aorto
      iliac aneurysm. Elective evaluation of patients with aortic aneurysms should
      include late aortograms visualizing the ureters.

PMID- 382346
TI  - Toluene. A toxicologic review.

PMID- 382347
TI  - [Correlations between the secular trend in sugar consumption in England and the
      secular increase of brain weight in adults in London between 1860 and 1940].
AB  - Significant positive correlations exist between the secular increase in brain
      weight of adults in London born between 1860 and 1940, and the secular trend in
      sugar consumption in the United Kingdom. These results of statistical analysis
      confirm once again the important bearing of excessive sugar consumption on the
      development of pre- and postnatal growth acceleration. The pathophysiological
      interactions of this development are discussed in the light of the experimentum
      naturae of the IDM (infant of the diabetic mother) and an attempt is made to
      explain the difference in brain weight increase between males and females.

PMID- 382349
TI  - [Benign symmetric lipomatosis: a symptom of alcoholic liver disease?].
AB  - Benign symmetric lipomatosis (BSL) leads to characteristic multiple lipomas of
      the neck and submandibular region. BSL is easily diagnosed by its typical
      feature, "Madelung's neck". However, the early stages are often missed or lead to
      futile diagnostic endeavours. A report is presented on 7 men with BSL aged 36--65
      years who were investigated with regard to alcohol consumption, clinical findings
      and liver histology. This is the first time that liver histology has been
      systematically worked up in patients with BSL. All admitted long standing ethanol
      intake (x = 111 ml/day) prior to the development of BSL. The growth of the
      lipomas was irregular and occurred over a period of months. There was no
      correlation with overweight or hyperlipidemia. However, liver biopsy revealed
      features consistent with alcoholic liver disease in all subjects. It is suggested
      that BSL is a symptom of alcoholic liver disease mainly affecting middle-aged
      men.

PMID- 382348
TI  - [Retrospective study of 50 cases of idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis with
      catamnesis].
AB  - 44 out of 50 patients with idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis were followed up from
      1 month to 11 years (mean 2 years 9 months). One patient out of 13 (8%) with 4
      symptoms or fewer (mean follow-up 55 months) died. 23 out of 31 (74%) with 5
      symptoms or more (mean follow-up 24.3 months) died, and 68% of fatalities
      occurred within 2 years. Lung function tests were performed in 47 cases and
      histological diagnosis in 38. Correlations between symptoms, lung function, and
      roentgenological and histological patterns are discussed. Two circumstances
      dramatically increased lethality: occurrence of 5 symptoms or more in a period of
      less than 2 years.

PMID- 382350
TI  - [Otorhinolaryngologic emergencies. I. Hemorrhages].

PMID- 382351
TI  - Coverage of a full thickness heel wound by a muscle transposition flap.

PMID- 382352
TI  - Polarography and voltammetry in studies of toxic metals in man and his
      environment.
AB  - A brief introduction on sources, occurrence and fate of some toxic trace metals
      found in the natural environment is followed by a discussion of general
      methodological aspects from the trace chemical viewpoint. The versatile,
      significant and specific potentialities of advanced polarographic and
      voltammetric methods are compared with relevant non-electrochemical alternatives.
      They are subsequently demonstrated by a survey on representative applications,
      results and findings on problems from all types of environmental compartments and
      food chains to man, with emphasis on the toxic trace metals Cu, Cd, Hg, Pb, and
      also in certain matrices for Zn, As, Se, Tl and Bi. A final section is devoted to
      the particular potentialities of the electrochemical approach for speciation
      studies in natural waters at realistic trace levels of the dissolved toxic
      metals, e.g. Zn, Cd and Pb.

PMID- 382354
TI  - Research subjects: rights and regulations.

PMID- 382353
TI  - Carcinogenicity of endrin.
AB  - Endrin is carcinogenic for rats, and most likely also for mice and dogs. Endrin
      caused significant incidences of malignant neoplasms at all sites. In one study,
      female rats were susceptible to the development of neoplasms of the endocrine
      organs, particularly carcinomas of the adrenal and pituitary glands as well as
      neoplasms of the reproductive system. In other studies, female rats tended to
      have carcinomas of the endocrine system, the mammary gland and reproductive
      system, and male and female rats lymphomas. Rats developed unusual malignant
      neoplasms, such as Kupffer cell sarcomas of the liver and sarcomas of the mammary
      gland, uterus, and stomach. There also were toxic changes, particularly in male
      rats, ingesting endrin. These lesions included interstitial fibrosis of the
      kidney; polyarteritis of the mesenteric, pancreatic and other arteries; and
      atrophy of the testes. Such lesions generally interfere with the health of the
      rats and with the development of neoplasms. Dog receiving endrin for two years
      had bone marrow hyperplasia, lesions of the thyroid gland and lesions of the
      skeletal muscle, and hyperplasias or neoplasms of other organs. One female dog
      had an early carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Mice ingesting endrin developed
      increased incidences of carcinomas of the liver and sarcomas of the uterus.

PMID- 382355
TI  - Cytotaxins after the sedimentation behavior of human granulocytes.
AB  - Human granulocytes from the peripheral blood of healthy donors were subjected to
      transient gravity sedimentation analysis in Ficoll density gradient columns (37
      degrees C) containing different concentrations of Escherichia coli endotoxin
      activated serum and medium 199. A dramatic serum concentration-dependent
      dispersion of the cells based on changes in sedimentation velocity was observed
      as a function of time, using a new optical scanning instrument. The phenomenon
      was virtually abolished in the presence of cytochalasin B, a known inhibitor of
      cellular chemotaxis. The width (second statistical moment) of the sedimenting
      cell distribution increased in a sigmoid fashion as a function of time regardless
      of cytotaxin concentration. This indicates that a slow and nonlinear response of
      the granulocytes to the cytotaxins occurs. This new kinetic method should be
      useful in examining an alternate manifestation of the chemoresponsiveness of
      phagocytic cells and of cell interactions in general.

PMID- 382356
TI  - Genetic effects of impure and pure saccharin in yeast.
AB  - Yeast cells were grown in media containing impure or purified saccharin
      preparations. Dose-dependent increases in frequencies of cells possessing
      aberrant cell morphologies were revealed by light microscopy. At each test dose,
      cells grown in impure saccharin exhibited up to sevenfold higher frequencies of
      mitotic crossing-over or gene conversion in three of four assays for genetic
      recombination than cells grown in purified saccharin from the same lot. With one
      exception, the sweetener produced by the Maumee process caused larger increases
      in recombination and gene reversion than the sweetener produced by the Remsen
      Fahlberg process. The several test markers did not respond equally to any test
      saccharin. Cells grown in liquid media containing no saccharin or two of three
      test concentrations of saccharin produced cell titers that were approximately
      equivalent.

PMID- 382357
TI  - Comparative biochemistry and drug design for infectious disease.
AB  - In the past two decades, biochemistry and molecular biology have demonstrated the
      existence of potentially exploitable biochemical differences between etiologic
      agents of disease and their hosts. Known differences between organism and host
      with respect to metabolism and polymer structure point to the detailed
      characterization of key proteins as the focus for the development of potential
      inhibitors. In the last decade, the methodology of the isolation,
      characterization, and inactivation of proteins and enzymes has been advanced. The
      present scientific and technological base suggests that new efforts toward the
      development of selective chemotherapeutic agents for infections caused by
      bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and higher eukaryotes should exploit the known
      differences in proteins or other specific biopolymers serving crucial structural
      or metabolic roles in the economy of the parasite.

PMID- 382358
TI  - Sporozoite-induced malaria: therapeutic effects of glycolipids in liposomes.
AB  - Liposomes containing neutral glycolipids with a terminal glucose or galactose,
      when injected intravenously, prevented the appearance of erythrocytic forms of
      malaria (Plasmodium berghei) in mice previously injected with sporozoites.
      Inhibitory glycolipids included glucosyl, galactosyl, or lactosyl ceramide.
      Inhibition was not observed with liposomes containing ceramide, phosphocholine
      ceramide, sulfogalactosyl ceramide (sulfatide), or ganglioside GM1. Liposomes
      containing glycolipids did not inhibit infection transmitted by injecting blood
      containing erythrocytic stages of malaria. These results may have therapeutic
      implications in the treatment of malaria. Analysis of the mechanism of
      interference with the life cycle of malaria by liposomal glycolipids may yield
      information about the interactions of parasites with cellular membranes.

PMID- 382359
TI  - Pharmacologic effects in man of a potent, long-acting dopamine receptor agonist.
AB  - Single-dose administration of pergolide mesylate (100 to 400 micrograms) results
      in a dose-related inhibition of prolactin secretion which persists for more than
      24 hours. During multiple-dose administration of pergolide, plasma prolactin
      concentrations remain markedly reduced (greater than 80 percnet) and gradually
      return to control levels several days after drug administration is discontinued.

PMID- 382360
TI  - Somatostatin cell processes as pathways for paracrine secretion.
AB  - Somatostatin is produced by gastrointestinal endocrine cells that have long,
      nonluminal, cytoplasmic processes. Such processes terminate on other cell types,
      including gastrin-producing and hydrochloric acid-producing cells, whose
      functions are profoundly affected by somatostatin. The findings suggest that
      somatostatin cells control the functions of other cells through local release of
      the peptide by way of cytoplasmic processes. Also, certain other types of
      gastrointestinal endocrine cells have similar cytoplasmic prolongations, which
      may have analogous local (paracrine) regulatory functions.

PMID- 382361
TI  - Behcet disease (Behcet syndrome).

PMID- 382362
TI  - Epidemiologic and etiologic approach of osteoarthritis.

PMID- 382363
TI  - Protection of the fetus against infection.

PMID- 382364
TI  - Immunobiology of lactation.

PMID- 382366
TI  - Onset of breathing at birth.

PMID- 382365
TI  - Peripheral chemoreceptor function in the fetus.

PMID- 382367
TI  - Mechanics of the first inspiration.

PMID- 382369
TI  - Ventilatory response to hypoxia.

PMID- 382368
TI  - The first expiration: role of pulmonary surfactant.

PMID- 382370
TI  - Ventilatory response to hypercapnia.

PMID- 382372
TI  - Apnea and periodic breathing.

PMID- 382371
TI  - Hering-Breuer and chest wall reflexes.

PMID- 382373
TI  - Letter from the editor: tuberculosis.

PMID- 382374
TI  - Organization theory and the organization of health care: a comment on the
      literature.

PMID- 382375
TI  - Church-state relations in Kenya: health issues.

PMID- 382376
TI  - [Study of the cerebrovascular circulation with external physical methods].

PMID- 382377
TI  - Parotid fistula: current management.
AB  - The most common cause of parotid fistula is trauma. Other causes include
      operative complications, infection, and malignancy. In the acute phase of ductal
      injury, primary reconstruction, if possible, is the treatment of choice. Acute
      parenchymal injury is treated by tight closure and expectancy. When diverting or
      flow-blocking measures fail to correct chronic ductal fistula, the treatment of
      choice for this situation as well as for chronic parenchymal fistula may be
      tympanic neurectomy, which can be done under local anesthesia, is associated with
      low morbidity, is relatively uncomplicated and has given excellent results to
      date in our hands.

PMID- 382378
TI  - Parenthood after renal transplantation.
AB  - Parenthood in renal allograft recipients is no longer rare. Rational guidelines
      are needed since there are no absolute medical contraindications to parenthood in
      recipients of either sex. This report by the patient and her physician describes
      the clinical course of the recipient of a cadaveric renal allograft, including a
      normal pregnancy and delivery. Urine protein excretion increased during
      pregnancy, but later returned to normal. There were no complications to mother or
      fetus, despite continued immunosuppressive therapy. The problems of parenthood in
      allograft recipients are discussed from the patient viewpoint, rational
      guidelines for patient counseling are offered, and the world's literature is
      reviewed. The possible complications to parent and fetus are discussed, including
      the complications of pregnancy and immunosuppressive drug therapy. We conclude
      that parenthood should be the choice of the allograft recipient.

PMID- 382380
TI  - Hemodialysis and renal transplantation in patients with hypernephroma.
AB  - Of five patients with hypernephroma who were maintained on hemodialysis after
      nephrectomy, four died with metastic disease after having been on hemodialysis
      for an average of 13.7 months (range 8 to 19). The fifth patient had no evidence
      of malignancy after 21 months of dialysis; he then received a renal allograft
      from his sister, and did well for 24 months before he developed liver metastasis.
      We believe hemodialysis is an appropriate mode of treating the renal failure of
      patients with hypernephroma after therapeutic nephrectomy. These patients may be
      considered for renal transplantation after a period of hemodialysis, and we
      suggest the currently recommended 12-month waiting period before transplantation
      be extended to 18 to 24 months. Use of living related donor renal allograft in
      these patients is questionable.

PMID- 382379
TI  - Antihistamines and alpha-adrenergic agents in treatment of otitis media.
AB  - Studies are not available to support the common use of alpha-adrenergic agents
      and/or antihistamines in the treatment of acute otitis media. A total of 378
      patients with acute otitis were entered in a double-blind study comparing
      treatment results with antibiotics and either placebo, pseudoephedrine,
      triprolidine, or a combination of these; 196 patients returned. Age and return
      rate did not differ among groups. Cure rates and duration of fever were the same
      for each group. The cost and possible side effects of these agents, added to
      their lack of beneficial effect in otitis, should interdict their use.

PMID- 382381
TI  - Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy for acute bacterial meningitis.
AB  - Although anecdotal reports and the results of clinical trials suggest that
      corticosteroids may be efficacious in the treatment of acute bacterial
      meningitis, controlled and double-blind studies fail to support this view with
      the exception that corticosteroids may be of benefit for patients with
      pneumococcal meningitis. Corticosteroids may also be of benefit to patients with
      acute bacterial meningitis in the presence of life-threatening complications of
      increased intracranial pressure, such as coma, seizures, fluctuating blood
      pressure, or rapidly deteriorating mental status, but results of controlled or
      double-blind studies to substantiate this have not been reported. The possible
      advantages gained from the use of corticosteroids must be considered with regard
      to a significant detrimental effect in patients over 16 years of age.

PMID- 382382
TI  - Primary lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract.
AB  - An institutional experience with primary gastrointestinal lymphoma (PGL) is
      reviewed. Included are 46 cases involving the stomach, 11 involving the small
      bowel, and two, the large bowel. The clinical, pathologic, and therapeutic
      aspects of PGL are discussed.

PMID- 382383
TI  - Legionnaries' disease: review of the clinical disease, causative organism, and
      epidemiology.

PMID- 382384
TI  - Eponym: Sir Astley Paston Cooper: good sense, good surgery, and good science.

PMID- 382385
TI  - [Triumph of Lenin's ideas on public health protection].

PMID- 382386
TI  - [European classifications of disease and causes of death as a source for studying
      the history of development of the science of tropical diseases].

PMID- 382387
TI  - [Factory inspection in Russia].

PMID- 382388
TI  - [Fedor Aleksandrovich Get'e, M.D].

PMID- 382389
TI  - [Aurelius Cornelius Celsus and his medical encyclopedia (on the 500th anniversary
      of the coming to light of the work "On Medicine")].

PMID- 382390
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the use of beta-mimetics in treating threatened
      premature labor].

PMID- 382391
TI  - [Modern principles of treating endocrine sterility].

PMID- 382392
TI  - [Chronological presentation of the bibliography on the discovery of leishmaniasis
      in man].

PMID- 382393
TI  - A comparison between meptazinol and omnopon in the relief of postoperative pain.
AB  - In a random double-blind trial, meptazinol 100 mg, a new hexahydro-azepine
      derivative, was found to be comparable to Omnopon (papaveretum) 20 mg when given
      intramuscularly for the control of pain in 50 cases after hysterectomy. The onset
      of analgesia was rapid and the effect lasted for about 3 hours. Cardiovascular
      and respiratory systems remained stable. No significant difference as regards
      sedation and nausea was noticed between the two groups.

PMID- 382394
TI  - [The first ten years].
AB  - On 6 June 1979, the Medical Faculty of the University of the Orange Free State,
      Bloemfontein, will be 10 years old. The completed Faculty buildings, situated
      between the Universitas teaching hospital and the University campus, were
      officially opened on 20 March 1978 by the Minister of National Education, Dr P.
      Koornhof. The first 46 medical students graduated in Novemer 1976, and with a
      present annual intake of 120 students the final-year class will grow to
      approximately 100 students. In addition to medicine, undergraduate training is
      offered in physiotherapy, occupational therapy, radiography, hospital dietetics
      and basic medical sciences. More than 50 M.Med. candidates have completed their
      specialist training, 10 doctorates were conferred and 32 students obtained
      Honours or Master's degree in the basic medical sciences. The undergraduate
      course with electives in non-medical fields, fully integrated clinical medicine
      teaching and interdisciplinary co-ordination of final clinical examinations, were
      novel endeavours for South Africa.

PMID- 382395
TI  - [Septic shock].
AB  - It has become necessary to review septic shock in the light of recent
      experimental work, as well as the clinical implementation of this knowledge.
      Emphasis is laid on the surgical aspects of management of patients with this
      condition.

PMID- 382397
TI  - Spina bifida occulta.

PMID- 382398
TI  - [First president: Lyyli Hagan is 90 years old].

PMID- 382396
TI  - Modern psychiatry in a general hospital.

PMID- 382399
TI  - Fundamental principles of the public health organization on socialist basis.

PMID- 382400
TI  - Personnel training for the sanitary-epidemiological services of the Mongolian
      Peoples Republic.

PMID- 382401
TI  - [Trends in the organization of medical assistance in the Romanian S R].

PMID- 382402
TI  - Girolamo Fracastoro and his book "On contagion, contagious diseases and
      treatment".

PMID- 382403
TI  - [Prostaglandins and platelet function].

PMID- 382404
TI  - The anti-trust suit against the AMA, 1939-1943: background for today's health
      planning.
AB  - Today, prepaid group medical schemes form a significant component of many
      legislative health care proposals. Although the concept is over 60 years old, its
      legality was not established until 1943 by a United States Supreme Court decision
      that convicted the American Medical Association and the District of Columbia
      Medical Society for restraint of trade. The history of that suit highlights the
      antagonisms that exist between prepaid group medical care and the more
      traditional fee-for-service system.

PMID- 382405
TI  - Conflict in teamwork: understanding roles and relationships.
AB  - Out of the recognition that chronic renal failure has psychological and social as
      well as medical ramifications, the renal treatment team is composed of different
      professionals. As these disciplines respond to the psychosocial and medical
      dimensions, potential for role conflict arises. The paper focuses on this problem
      as it relates to the responsibilities of the social worker and the nurse
      clinician. The process is studied from the theoretical framework of role
      conflict, ambiguity, crisis, and resolution. A model of team development evolved
      from the study. Findings illustrate ways in which these conflicts can be
      minimized and clarified to enhance team functioning and improve services
      delivered to patients and their families.

PMID- 382407
TI  - Carcinoma of the breast.
AB  - In the present stage of our knowledge, it is evident that radiation therapy as a
      primry form of potentially curable treatment is a valid alternative to radical
      surgical extirpation. It offers women with early carcinoma of the breast the
      opportunity to avoid a serious cosmetic, functional and psychologic problem with
      no increased risk in terms of survival or local control of the neoplasm. The
      physician faced with such a patient need no longer believe that the woman who
      refuses mastectomy is automatically electing some inferior course. It is hoped
      that the demands of the modern American woman will force an appropriate clinical
      trial to define and evaluate fully the role of radiation therapy as definitive
      treatment in carcinoma of the breast. Until that occurs, we can do no less than
      knowledgeably assist patients un making their therapeutic decisions.

PMID- 382406
TI  - Surgery of the aortic arch branches and vertebral arteries.
AB  - Experience with 192 operations of vascular reconstruction for atherosclerosis in
      the proximal brachiocephalic and vertebral arteries is reported. These procedures
      constitute only 10 per cent of operations for extracranial arterial occlusive
      cerebrovascular disease at the University of California, San Francisco, in the
      past 20 years. All patients were asymptomatic. Except for six patients with
      cerebral embolization from ulcerating lesions, symptoms resulted from cerebral
      hypoperfusion. Prevention of ultimate stroke was the primary objective of
      operation in patients with embolization and in patients with stenosis or
      occlusion of the common carotid arteries. Purely obstructive lesions in the
      subclavian and vertebral arteries were symptomatic only when there was bilateral
      involvement and the objective of operation was the relief of disabling symptoms
      of hypoperfusion for these otherwise essentially benign lesions. Prior correction
      of associated stenosis of the carotid artery often removed the need for a
      proximal operation. The majority of the operations were endarterectomy or
      transposition, or combinations of the two. Cervical bypass grafts, because of
      their less certain durability, were used only when a more direct operation was
      neither feasible nor safe.

PMID- 382408
TI  - Pig skin over open wounds.

PMID- 382409
TI  - An improved technique for delayed primary closure of potentially infected
      incisions.

PMID- 382410
TI  - In and out of the academic arena.

PMID- 382411
TI  - Appraisal of hemoglobin solution as a blood substitute.

PMID- 382413
TI  - [From one study: bacterial flora in bath sponges].

PMID- 382412
TI  - Current status of surgery of the omentum.
AB  - The greater omentum is a unique organ with multipotential properties. A simple
      procedure converts it into a vascularized pedicle that may be utilized throughout
      the body. Knowledge of the possible applications of free or pedicled omental
      grafts will significantly add to the armamentarium of a clinical and experimental
      surgeon.

PMID- 382415
TI  - [Nurses have enormous importance as health factors].

PMID- 382414
TI  - [Bone marrow transplantation and nursing care].

PMID- 382416
TI  - Cell-cell recognition: molecular aspects. Recognition and its relation to
      morphogenetic processes in general.

PMID- 382418
TI  - Recognition and response in the pollen-stigma interaction.

PMID- 382417
TI  - Mating-type interactions in yeasts.

PMID- 382419
TI  - Cellular interactions during graft formation in plants, a recognition phenomenon?

PMID- 382420
TI  - Cellular recognition in slime mould development.

PMID- 382421
TI  - Second-set graft rejections: do they occur in invertebrates?

PMID- 382423
TI  - Cell-cell recognition in multicellular assembly: levels of specificity.

PMID- 382424
TI  - The potential roles for ganglioside GM2 and GM1 synthetase in retinotectal
      specificity.

PMID- 382425
TI  - Morphogenetics as an alternative to chemospecificity in the formation of nerve
      connections. A review of literature, before 1978, concerning the control of
      growth of regenerating optic nerve fibres to specific locations in the optic
      tectum and a new interpretation based on contact guidance.

PMID- 382422
TI  - Modulations of the cell surface and the effects on cellular interactions.

PMID- 382427
TI  - Lymphoid cell positioning: a new proposal for the mechanism of control of
      lymphoid cell migration.

PMID- 382426
TI  - Possible clues to the mechanism underlying the selective migration of lymphocytes
      from the blood.

PMID- 382428
TI  - Cell surface structures, differentiation and malignancy in the haemopoietic
      system.

PMID- 382429
TI  - [Pemphigus vulgaris. A review stressing the oral manifestations].

PMID- 382430
TI  - [Orthodontic correction of mandibular dysfunction in an adult patient with
      unilateral crossbite].

PMID- 382431
TI  - [Immunity and aging].

PMID- 382432
TI  - [Focal glomerulosclerosis (review of the literature and personal observations)].

PMID- 382433
TI  - The effect of prophylaxis with low dose heparin on blood coagulation parameters.
      A double blind study in connection with transvesical prostatectomy.
AB  - Heparin was administered subcutaneously 5.000 IU twice daily using a double blind
      method to ten of twenty-one patients undergoing transvesical prostatectomy.
      Platelet count, APTT, throbin time, Reptilase time, Normotest, fibrinogen, Factor
      VIII, ethanol gelation test, antithrombin III, fibrinolytic degradation products,
      alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha2-macroglobulin were studied pre- and postoperatively
      up to the 10th postoperative day. Statistical analysis of parameters of blood
      coagulation and fibrinolysis showed no significant difference between the two
      groups. The mechanism by which low dose heparin exerts its thromboprophylactic
      effect could not be elucidated from the study of the investigated parameters. The
      laboratory data gave no indication to a possible increased risk of postoperative
      hemorrhage.

PMID- 382434
TI  - The effect of prostacyclin (PGT2) on platelet behaviour. Thrombus formation in
      vivo and bleeding time.
AB  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) infused intravenously into anaesthetized rabbits inhibited
      electrically-induced thrombus formation in the carotid artery, increased bleeding
      time and inhibited ex vivo platelet aggregation induced by ADP or arachidonic
      acid. The increase in bleeding time and the inhibition of ex vivo platelet
      aggregation lasted for as long as the infusion of PGI2 was maintained but rapidly
      disappeared after infusion was stopped. Prostacyclin is a more potent inhibitor
      of platelet function, in vivo than prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) or prostaglandin D2
      (PGD2). The effects of prostacyclin on all parameters studied except blood
      pressure were potentiated by the concomitant administration of theophylline, a
      phosphodiesterase inhibitor.

PMID- 382436
TI  - [After 60 years of Meat Inspection Law].

PMID- 382437
TI  - A review of environmental factors and Crohn's disease.

PMID- 382435
TI  - The effect of low-dose heparin on fibrinopeptide A, platelets, fibrinogen
      degradation products and other haemostatic parameters measured in connection with
      intestinal surgery.

PMID- 382438
TI  - Inhibition of prostacyclin-like material formation by cadmium.

PMID- 382439
TI  - A collaborative dominant lethal study of triethylenemelamine in the rat.

PMID- 382441
TI  - Effects of ethylene dibromide on reproduction in male and female rats.

PMID- 382440
TI  - A comparison of the capacity of fetal and adult liver, lung, and brain to convert
      polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to mutagenic and cytotoxic metabolites in mice
      and rats.

PMID- 382443
TI  - Flat mounts of retinal vasculature.

PMID- 382442
TI  - Regional blood flow determinations in the rat during paraoxon-poisoning and
      treatment with atropine and obidoxime.
AB  - Perfusion rates of various organs were determined for 4 different rat populations
      subjected, respectively, to: (a) 15 min infusion of paraoxon (150 micrograms/kg
      i.v.); (b) 15 min infusion of paraoxon and the injection of 1.0 mg/kg atropine;
      (c) 15 min paraoxon infusion and the injection of 10.0 mg/kg obidoxime; and (d)
      none of these substances. Atropine and obidoxime were both injected 10 min after
      the beginning of the paraoxon infusion. The perfusion rates were determined by
      means of the microspheres technique, which allows the simultaneous measurement of
      different perfusion rates. The paraoxon-treated animals revealed a significantly
      lower perfusion rate of the kidney, skeletal muscle, skin and spleen in
      comparison to the unpoisoned control group. The flow rates in heart, stomach,
      small intestine, liver (arterial) and brain changed only slightly. The injection
      of atropine caused the perfusion rates of heart, kidney, intestine and spleen to
      be greater than under paraoxon alone, Obidoxime, furthermore, induced significant
      increases in the perfusion rates of all 9 organs studied. Indeed, for several
      organs, the flow rates under atropine and obidoxime were greater than those of
      the controls. It is suggested that the effects of paraoxon, atropine and
      obidoxime on the organ flow rates are due to different influences on peripheral
      and central muscarinic and nicotinic receptors and to changes in the depth of
      respiration.

PMID- 382444
TI  - [Prognostic factors in epipharyngeal tumors: a retrospective analysis of 151
      patients treated at Freiburg (Breisgau) between 1948 and 1977 (author's transl)].
AB  - From 1948 through 1977, 151 patients with an epipharyngeal tumor underwent
      radiation therapy at our department. A retrospective analysis was made reviewing
      treatment results and prognostic features. The 5-year survival rate of the total
      group amounted to 39%, the 10-year survival to 27%. Tumor stage and histology
      were confirmed as the preponderant factors in prognostication. Stage T1--2 cases
      had a 5-year survival rate of 57%, which decreased to 46% if unilateral lymph
      node metastases had occurred, and down to 17% in case of bilateral metastasition
      to the lymph nodes. Of stage T3--4 patients, 45% survived during 5 years.
      Lymphoepithelial carcinoma, with a 5-year survival rate of 54%, had a better
      prognosis than squamous cell carcinoma (47%), transitional cell carcinoma (30%)
      and reticulum cell sarcoma (30%). A review of the results other authors have
      obtained since 1956 with combinations of surgical and irradiation methods gives
      evidence that the efficiency of techniques confined to local or regional
      treatment has reached its limits. At present, further improvement may be achieved
      mainly by means of systematically applied adjuvant chemotherapy complementary to
      the general therapeutic concept.

PMID- 382445
TI  - Radiation effects on the parotid gland of mammals. Part 3: Behaviour of enzyme
      activity after irradiation.
AB  - Modifications of some enzyme activities in parotid tissue homogenates have been
      studied in animals which were also examined for morphological changes and for
      plasma and parotid amylase activity. Results from irradiated animals show a
      certain increase in maltase activity. Alkaline phosphatase and LAP show no
      significant variations; a similar behaviour is shown by lysosomal enzymes and
      protein content. A different pattern was seen by comparing the curves of these
      enzymes with those of the same activity in the small intestine. This result
      appears to be due to the different radiosensitivity of these tissues.

PMID- 382446
TI  - [Interrelationship of complete upper denture and supporting tissue].

PMID- 382447
TI  - [Fabrication of porcelain jacket crowns without platinum foil].

PMID- 382448
TI  - [Trigeminal nerve fascicularization and fascicle distribution in its terminal
      branches].

PMID- 382449
TI  - [Use of contemporary articulators].

PMID- 382450
TI  - [Individual intracoronal attachments in classic partial dentures].

PMID- 382451
TI  - [Value of different methods of elastomer application for the reproduction of
      tissue prepared for fixed dentures].

PMID- 382453
TI  - [Prevention and therapy methods in different degrees of tooth abrasion].

PMID- 382452
TI  - [Comparative morphologic analysis of the palatal rugae of edentulous patients].

PMID- 382454
TI  - [Case survey of oral status in the aged].

PMID- 382455
TI  - [Use of Estic + Esticid in ambulatory therapy].

PMID- 382456
TI  - [L. M. Bedrin (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 382457
TI  - Restored gift of sight.

PMID- 382458
TI  - What is Mooren's ulcer?
AB  - It is probable that the traditional definition of Mooren's ulcer involving
      relentless progression should be modified. Many eyes have been seen with corneal
      ulcers which have the clinical diagnosis of Mooren's ulcer but respond to varying
      medications and to conjunctival excision. The ulcers can progress, however, in
      spite of all therapy, and in these cases, we recommend removal of the remaining
      corneal stroma, followed by penetrating corneal transplantation. Patients with
      Mooren's ulcer exhibit both cell-mediated and humoral immunological phenomena
      but, in a small series, did not respond to immunotherapy.

PMID- 382459
TI  - Use of anti-inflammatory agents in destructive corneal disease.
AB  - The use of anti-inflammatory agents is important in the treatment of destructive
      corneal disease. The basic principles of the action of corticosteroids and
      prostaglandin inhibitors, and the application of these agents to various
      experimental and clinical situations, are presented. The corticosteroids are the
      most effective of all the anti-inflammatory agents but have many unfortunate side
      effects. The prostaglandin inhibitors and other agents have fewer side-effects,
      but are less effective.

PMID- 382460
TI  - Role of corneal surgery in destructive corneal disease.
AB  - Surgery plays an integral role in the management of destructive corneal disease.
      There are many techniques for structural reinforcement of marginal corneal
      destruction. Therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty for severe cases of central
      corneal destruction can be an effective method of removing the bulk of diseased
      tissue, and securing histopathological confirmation of the diagnosis.

PMID- 382461
TI  - John T. Dickinson, M.D. 1918-1978.

PMID- 382462
TI  - H. Ford Clark, M.D. 1910-1978.

PMID- 382463
TI  - David G. Cogan, M.D.

PMID- 382465
TI  - Serum from infected mice suppresses macrophage-mediated immunity in Mycobacterium
      lepraemurium infection: a model for imparied macrophage immunity in human
      leprosy.
AB  - Differing patterns of Mycobacterium lepraemurium infection in inbred strains of
      mice are of interest as a model system for studying mycobacterial infections of
      man, e.g. M. leprae, which present with a spectrum of clinical disease. In vitro,
      macrophages from both resistant (C57B1) and susceptible (BALB/c) inbred strains
      of mice can be shown to be equally effective in controlling multiplication of M.
      lepraemurium. Experiments presented here show that in vivo, the potential
      mechanisms of macrophage-mediated immunity are suppressed in the susceptible
      (BALB/c) strain of mouse by a soluble factor(s) present in the serum and the
      peritoneal fluid of infected mice.

PMID- 382464
TI  - Partial characterization of a malaria mitogen.
AB  - Supernatants from 24-hour cultures of Plasmodium falciparum-infected human red
      blood cells stimulated lymphocytes from both malaria immune and malaria non
      immune donors. Both T and B lymphocytes responded. Amalaria parasite-derived
      mitogen may play some part in the pathogenesis of the hypergammaglobulinaemia
      characteristic of malaria.

PMID- 382466
TI  - Frequency of blood group antigens in Nigerian children with falciparum malaria.
AB  - The frequencies of the following blood group antigens: A, B, O, M, N, S, s, U,
      Fya, FyB, Lea, Jsa and K have been determined in Nigerian children with severe
      falciparum malaria. The frequency distribution of M, N, S, s, U, Fya and Fyb were
      not significantly different in children with life-threatening falciparum malaria
      and controls. The frequencies of A, B, O, Lea, Jsa and K found in the children
      with severe malaria were similar to those previously reported for healthy adults
      in this population. The Duffy blood group antigens Fya and Fyb were virtually
      absent from both infected and control children. This finding is in variance with
      a Fya frequency of 23% reported by Worlledge et al. (1974) for healthy adults in
      this population.

PMID- 382467
TI  - Lassa virus antibodies in hospital personnel in western Liberia.
AB  - The sera of 844 Liberian hospital staff memebers were positive for Lassa Virus
      (LV) antibodies in a survey using the indirect fluorescent antibody technique
      (IFAT). In two hospitals in Lofa County near the Sierra Leone border, the
      prevalence, 15.4%, was significantly higher than the 8.4% in seven others. There
      were near differences between the prevalence among laboratory workers, 15.3%, and
      other workers, 7.7%, and between midwifery students, 21.2%, and midwives, 4.2%,
      suggesting their infection from patients or their blood products. However, the
      over-all prevalence among those with patient contacts was the same as that among
      those without direct patient contact; most LV infections were apparently acquired
      from sources other than patients in hospital. This finding, the lack of evidence
      of hospital outbreaks and the presence of comparable prevalences in all age
      groups suggest that LV infections occur on a continuing basis in this population.
      In one hospital the comparison of the results of IFAT and complement fixation
      tests revealed some who reacted by one technique and not by the other. In one
      person the titre by IFAT had dropped from 1:32 to undetectable levels in two
      years. This finding prompts caution in the interpretation of results.

PMID- 382469
TI  - Historical evidence of resistance to yellow fever acquired by residence in India.

PMID- 382468
TI  - Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Kenya.
AB  - A case of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a non-immune
      male is reported. Primary attack came 19 days after return to a non-malarious
      country from a visit to Kenya. Recrudescences occurred three times with intervals
      of 30 to 33 days after standard chloroquine treatment. The WHO extended field
      test for sensitivity of falciparum malaria to chloroquine was followed by
      recrudescence 31 days later. Treatment with Fansidar terminated the infection. If
      continuous treatment of the patient with lithium does not interfere with the
      schizontocidal action of chloroquine, this strain shows a resistance pattern of R
      I delayed recrudescence.

PMID- 382470
TI  - A comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect fluorescent
      antibody test in the sero-diagnosis of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in
      Iran.
AB  - ELISA AND IFAT have been applied to the sero-diagnosis of cutaneous and visceral
      leishmaniasis and the levels of leishmanial antibody detected by Leishmania
      donovani antigens in both tests have been compared. From the results it appears
      that ELISA is a little more sensitive than IFAT, but IFAT seems to be more
      specific in detecting leishmanial antibodies. In both tests reactions between
      leishmanial antigen and some other infections, such as malaria and typhoid, were
      observed. These non-specific reactions reduce the validity of both tests,
      especially ELISA, in the sero-diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis but, in
      visceral leishmaniasis, the leishmanial antibody levels were high enough to be
      unaffected by non-specific reactions. In general, ELISA is as good as IFAT and
      more practical in the sero-diagnosis and mass screening surveys for kala-azar.

PMID- 382471
TI  - The prevalence and distribution of Mansonella ozzardi in coastal north Trinidad,
      W.I.
AB  - A day blood smear survey for Mansonella ozzardi in the north coast communities of
      Trinidad recorded a prevalence of 4.8% in 4,488 persons examined. Prevalence
      rates were highest in the four western-most communities, where the vector,
      Culicoides phlebotomus, is a severe nuisance problem. Prevalence rates increased
      with age and were higher in males than in females. Mean microfilaria densities
      were low in both sexes up to 50 years of age but in older males the density
      increased with age. Wuchereria bancrofti infections were detected in five of the
      ten communities surveyed.

PMID- 382472
TI  - Comparative studies on the transmission rates for Wuchereria and Brugia.

PMID- 382473
TI  - A method for large-volume cultivation of malaria parasites based on the principle
      of the Trager-Jensen culture method.

PMID- 382474
TI  - A comparison of Mansonella ozzardi microfilaria densities in the blood and in
      skin snips from three areas of the body.

PMID- 382475
TI  - Amoebiasis and rectal prolapse in children.

PMID- 382476
TI  - Liposomes in the chemotherapy of experimental murine malaria.

PMID- 382477
TI  - Early serological diagnosis in visceral leishmaniasis using Crithidia sp. as
      antigen.

PMID- 382478
TI  - Tropical medicine--Historical cartoon.

PMID- 382480
TI  - In vitro antibody response to trinitrophenyl-polyacrylamide beads.

PMID- 382481
TI  - Hunan T cell subpopulations in normal and pathologic conditions.

PMID- 382479
TI  - The evaluation of hemorrhage in cardiac patients who have undergone
      extracorporeal circulation.
AB  - The present study defines excessive bleeding in patients who undergo
      cardiopulmonary bypass, and evaluates the use of coagulation testing to predict
      those patients that bleed excessively. Evaluation of 774 consecutive patients
      undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery was carried out. Cardiopulmonary bypass
      consisted of a bloodless prime and a Harvey bubble oxygenator. In the
      postoperative period, excessive hemorrhage was defined as that exceeding 600 ml
      chest tube drainage in the first eight hours. One hundred and sixty-three
      patients (21%) were noted to be in this category. Excessive bleeding
      postoperatively was best predicted by a PTT greater than 45 seconds, a PT greater
      than 19 seconds, a fibrinogen level less than 225 mg/dl and a TFT equal to or
      less than 1:32. These laboratory findings occur singly or in combination. The
      assessment of platelet, numbers or function and fibrin(ogen) split products were
      of no prognostic value. Using these criteria, the re-exploration rate for
      excessive hemorrhage and/or tamponade was 0.6 per cent (5 out of 774 patients).
      No preoperative laboratory test of hemostatic function was useful in predicting
      coagulopathies resulting from cardiopulmonary bypass.

PMID- 382482
TI  - Induction of antibody synthesis in human B lymphocytes by different polyclonal B
      cell activators: evaluation by direct and indirect PFC assays.

PMID- 382483
TI  - Specific in vitro IgM responses of human B cells: a complex regulatory network
      modulated by antigen.

PMID- 382485
TI  - The role of splenectomy in clinical renal transplantation.

PMID- 382484
TI  - Polyclonal activation of human B lymphocytes by Nocardia water soluble mitogen
      (NWSM).

PMID- 382487
TI  - Spontaneously reversible steroid-independent "rejection" episode following
      cadaver kidney transplantation.

PMID- 382486
TI  - Attempt at enzyme replacement by organ transplantation: renal transplantation in
      Gaucher disease.
AB  - Following renal transplantation, hepatic glucocerebroside deposits in a child
      with Gaucher disease were reduced. This suggests that enzyme replacement had been
      achieved.

PMID- 382488
TI  - Early subclinical signs of rejection of renal allografts.

PMID- 382489
TI  - The clinical value of renal biopsy in transplantation.

PMID- 382490
TI  - Urinary mononuclear cell populations in renal infection and allograft rejection.

PMID- 382491
TI  - A 5-year experience of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase for diagnosis of rejection
      in renal transplantation.

PMID- 382493
TI  - Combined immunologic and radionuclide techniques to monitor renal allograft
      rejection.

PMID- 382492
TI  - Photon absorptiometry of bone in renal transplant recipients.

PMID- 382494
TI  - Whole-body bone scintigraphy and Ca++ kinetics in the renal transplant patient.

PMID- 382495
TI  - The use of echotomography in the follow-up of kidney transplants.

PMID- 382496
TI  - Donor-specific monitoring of transplant patients.

PMID- 382497
TI  - Immunologic monitoring of renal transplants by subpopulations of T and B cells.

PMID- 382498
TI  - Human T-lymphocyte receptors for sheep erythrocyte, antithymocyte (ATG), and anti
      human brain globulins (AHB) in renal allograft recipients.

PMID- 382499
TI  - Depressed T suppressor cell function in PBL of transplanted patients under
      azathioprine and corticosteroids.

PMID- 382500
TI  - Posttransplant changes in specific precursor T-cell reactivity: comparison
      between liver and kidney allograft recipients.

PMID- 382501
TI  - Prediction of kidney graft survival by sensitive crossmatch tests and the use of
      effector cell function (ECA) as a predictor of rejection.

PMID- 382503
TI  - Cytotoxic antibodies to B lymphocytes in kidney transplant patients.

PMID- 382502
TI  - Adverse presensitization: detection by utilization of B lymphoblastoid cell
      panels.

PMID- 382505
TI  - Lymphocytotoxic HLA antibodies and HB infection in transfused hemodialysis
      patients waiting for kidney transplantation.

PMID- 382504
TI  - Anti-donor's B lymphocytes and anti-IgG antibodies in kidney allograft
      recipients: correlative study with the transplant outcome.

PMID- 382506
TI  - Role of cold lymphocytotoxic antibodies (CLA) in human allograft recipients.

PMID- 382507
TI  - Circulating immune complexes in renal transplanted patients.

PMID- 382508
TI  - Spontaneous rupture of the renal artery in kidney transplantation.

PMID- 382509
TI  - Gastroduodenal mucosal changes, gastric acid secretion, and gastrin levels
      following successful kidney transplantation.

PMID- 382510
TI  - Diabetes mellitus--a more-common-than-believed complication of renal
      transplantation.

PMID- 382511
TI  - Hepatic dysfunction in renal transplant recipients: a serious problem.

PMID- 382512
TI  - Is hepatic dysfunction beneficial to allograft function?

PMID- 382513
TI  - Immunoglobulinuria in human renal allograft recipients.

PMID- 382514
TI  - Kidney graft survival, clinical course, and HLA-A, B, and D matching in 208
      patients transplanted in one center.

PMID- 382515
TI  - HLA matching in kidney transplantation: experience of a single center.

PMID- 382516
TI  - The influence of HLA-DR matching on renal transplant outcome.

PMID- 382517
TI  - Problems of transplantation in India.

PMID- 382518
TI  - Three recombinants in the major histocompatibility complex of the rat.

PMID- 382519
TI  - The immunogenetic influence of non-MSH systems on rat renal allograft survival.

PMID- 382520
TI  - Expression of inappropriate H-2 antigens on SJL reticulum cell tumors.

PMID- 382521
TI  - Differential susceptibility in vitro to methylprednisolone of human lymphocyte
      subpopulations stimulated by phytohemagglutinin.

PMID- 382522
TI  - DLA-independent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in dogs.

PMID- 382523
TI  - The specificity of ongoing immune responses against histocompatibility antigens
      investigated by adhesion of responding cells to lymphocyte monolayers.

PMID- 382524
TI  - In vitro model of hyperacute organ rejection by allotransplantation sera.

PMID- 382525
TI  - Antibody-mediated graft rejection across weak histocompatibility barriers.

PMID- 382526
TI  - Immune complexes in serum of the hyperacutely rejected xenografts.

PMID- 382527
TI  - The effect of total-body irradiation on the immune response.

PMID- 382528
TI  - The effect of azathioprine on the generation of passive enhancing sera.

PMID- 382529
TI  - Varied in vivo properties of levamisole (LMS) on the immune response in mice.

PMID- 382530
TI  - Effects of different ATG (ATGAM) regimens on levels of rosette-forming cells
      (RFC), serum horse IgG (HoI), and anti-horse antibodies in kidney transplant
      patients.

PMID- 382531
TI  - Individualized monitoring and modulation of immune reactivity using standardized
      antithymocyte globulin (ATG).

PMID- 382534
TI  - The effect of T-cell depletion on host responses to organ allografts.

PMID- 382533
TI  - Does suppression of T-RFC determine in vivo immunosuppressive effect of ATG?

PMID- 382532
TI  - Immunologic monitoring parameters in ALG- versus non-ALG-treated renal transplant
      patients.

PMID- 382535
TI  - Superiority of soluble antigen extracts and antithymocyte globulin over whole
      blood and cytotoxic agents in inducing experimental allograft prolongation.

PMID- 382536
TI  - Renal allograft prolongation in DLA-mismatched beagles.

PMID- 382537
TI  - Transfusion of blood components and skin allograft survival in rabbits.

PMID- 382538
TI  - Suppressor cells in enhancement of organ allografts.

PMID- 382539
TI  - Induction of cytotoxic (sensitization) and enhancing (prolonged survival)
      responses by injection of lymphoid cells in ALS-treated mice.

PMID- 382540
TI  - Donor pretreatment in cardiac allografts.

PMID- 382541
TI  - Modification of donor pretreatment prolongs canine renal allograft survival.

PMID- 382542
TI  - Organ bank procedures to maximize procurement.

PMID- 382543
TI  - Relevant factors for worldwide sharing of kidneys.

PMID- 382544
TI  - Computerized transoceanic sharing of cadaver renal allografts.

PMID- 382545
TI  - Renal function and early cadaver graft survival after continuous hypothermic
      perfusion with plasma protein fraction (PPF).

PMID- 382546
TI  - Myocardial preservation for transplantation.

PMID- 382547
TI  - Transplantation of the left liver lobe.

PMID- 382548
TI  - The use of fractionated radiotherapy as preparation for allogeneic bone marrow
      transplantation.

PMID- 382549
TI  - Resistance to marrow grafts in dogs mediated by antigens close to but not
      identical with DLA-A, B, and C and overcome by infusion of thoracic-duct
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 382550
TI  - Effect of irradiation in pancreas allotransplantation.

PMID- 382552
TI  - Bovine embryonic skin allografts in treatment of skin ulcers and burns in man.

PMID- 382551
TI  - Bone grafting in inbred mice: evidence for H-2K, H-2D, and non-H-2 antigens in
      bone.

PMID- 382553
TI  - Model format for a regional collaborative organ retrieval program.

PMID- 382554
TI  - Inguinal herniorrhaphy: a guide for the general practitioner surgeon.

PMID- 382555
TI  - Serial subculture of BCG on solid and liquid media.
AB  - To follow an earlier study of the effects on BCG of deep subculture in liquid
      media, transfers on the surface of Lowenstein-Jensen and Sauton's media have been
      made. When a vaccine preparation that yields on culture 99+% of spreading-type
      colonies, with a small minority of non-spreading forms, is transferred on
      Lowenstein-Jensen medium, the minority population can be readily selected out.
      Growth of BCG on this medium is not homogeneous, and the selection of either the
      minority or majority populations appears fortuitous, whereas it was previously
      demonstrated that deep subculture in Dubos medium tends to favour selection of a
      minority yielding non-spreading colonies. When such a minority population has
      been favoured during transfer on Lowenstein-Jensen medium, subsequent subculture
      in Dubos medium usually accentuates the effect. Subculture as a surface pellicle
      on Sauton's medium has a powerful effect in reducing the relative size of a
      minority population yielding non-spreading colonies, and thereafter maintaining
      99+% of spreading forms. The relationship between transfers on Lowenstein-Jensen
      and Sauton's media and those on potato-Sauton medium is briefly discussed.

PMID- 382556
TI  - [Membrane filter method for the control of sterility].

PMID- 382557
TI  - [Natrium valproate, antiepileptic effect--serum concentration. A controlled
      study].

PMID- 382558
TI  - [The strength of plantar flexion following rupture of the Achilles tendon. Follow
      up study of 54 patients treated surgically].

PMID- 382559
TI  - Feasibility of controlled micturition through electric stimulation.
AB  - Historically, man has been aware of bioelectric phenomena for some 4,000 years.
      Yet it has only been during the last 20 years that technology has advanced to the
      stage where controlled bladder emptying has become feasible. A great deal of
      interest followed the introduction of transistor and bladder stimulation via the
      principle of radio frequency induction. Spinal cord, sacral, and pelvic nerve and
      direct bladder stimulation have all been attempted. Only direct bladder
      stimulation in lower motor neuron situations has shown any promise. The many
      difficulties associated with bladder stimulation include simultaneous sphincter
      contraction, pain, electrode and insulation difficulties, and fibroplasia due to
      movement of electrodes placed in pliable tissues. In addition, the role of the
      prostate, increased urethral length, and erection responses in the male have
      received little investigation. These problems are outlined and experimental
      observations of attempts to achieve controlled micturition in canines
      areresented. These studies were carried out over a 3-year period, and emphasize
      responses to stimulation of the spinal cord and sacral roots. It was concluded
      that the most efficient manner by which to effect simulated micturition is via
      stimulation of the ventral sacral root dominant for bladder responsiveness, and
      combine this with selective division of somatic fibers of only the root being
      stimulated.

PMID- 382560
TI  - [Theodor Burghele 1905-1977].

PMID- 382561
TI  - [Hyperacute rejection of renal xenografts after presensitization of the
      recipients induced by treatment with donor species-specific spleen antigen
      (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper reports about experimental xenografting of kidneys in closely related
      species (fox/dog) modifying primary graft rejection by pretreatment of the
      recipients with semisoluble donor species-specific spleen antigen. This kind of
      pretreatment does not induce immunological enhancement which protects the graft
      from damage, but causes presensitization of the recipients and subsequently the
      hyperacute rejection of the transplants. Arteriovenous gradients of platelets and
      leukocytes as well as those of fibrinogen and clotting factors II, V, VIII, and
      IX suggest a greater degree of intravascular coagulation within the first minutes
      after revascularization. Hemagglutinating antibodies induced by pretreatment of
      the recipients with donor species-specific spleen extract seem to be responsible
      for the rapidity of rejection and for the reduction of survival time.

PMID- 382562
TI  - [Operations on patients after a kidney transplant].

PMID- 382563
TI  - [Aldosterone excretion after a kidney transplant].

PMID- 382564
TI  - [Cystoscopy and its significance in urology (on the centenary of the 1st
      cystoscopy)].

PMID- 382565
TI  - [Enzymatic studies in kidney diseases].

PMID- 382566
TI  - [60th birthday of V. M. Borisova-Khromenko].

PMID- 382567
TI  - [Prof. V. F. Khomenko (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 382568
TI  - [In memoriam V. P. Smelovskii].

PMID- 382569
TI  - Flow cytometric investigations of human bladder carcinoma compared to
      histological classification.
AB  - The DNA distribution has been investigated in biopsies from human bladder
      carcinomas by means of flow cytometry (FCM). The FCM analysis was based on a
      preparation method yielding a suspension of single cell nuclei. Biopsies from 45
      patients were analysed. The results demonstrate a correlation between the degree
      of cellular anaplasia and the occurrence of cell populations with increased DNA
      content in the tumours. Cells with diploid DNA content constituted more than 90%
      of well-differentiated tumours and normal bladder mucosa. Cell populations with
      aneuploid DNA content occurred in almost all biopsies with cellular anaplasia
      estimated as grades II and III by microscopic examination. The results indicate
      that FCM analysis may be a valuable adjunct to histology. The possible prognostic
      significance of altered DNA distribution in bladder tumours is discussed.

PMID- 382570
TI  - Histophotometry: a new method for automated histological examination of solid
      tissue samples demonstrated on bladder cancer.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the ability of a new method to
      discriminate between benign and malignant tissue. Tissue samples from three
      patients with bladder tumours and one patient with bladder diverticula have been
      examined by histophotometry. This method, based on the correlation of nuclear
      volume and nucleic acid contents per cell uses thick formalin fixed samples. The
      results are obtained by measurements averaging more than one hundred thousand
      cells per sample. By this histophotometric examination a clear differentiation
      between malignant and to differentiate between infiltrating and noninfiltrating
      tumour, as well as inflamed bladder tissue. The results obtained
      histophotometrically were compared with the histological findings.

PMID- 382571
TI  - The mutagenic activity of anti-cancer drugs and the urine of rats given these
      drugs.
AB  - Twenty-one anti-cancer drugs have been tested for their ability to cause
      mutations in Salmonella typhimurium test strains in the Salmonella/microsome
      mutagenicity test. Nine of the 21 anticancer drugs showed this ability:
      cyclophosphmide, nitromin, thio-tepa, busulfan, 6-mercaptopurine,
      neocarzinostatin, daunomycin, adriamycin and estramustine phosphate. Seven of
      these 9 mutagenic drugs were injected continuously into the jugular veins of
      rats. Urine was collected through a cystostomy tube and tested for mutagenicity.
      The urine from rats treated with 6 of these 7 drugs was mutagenic. These were
      cyclophosphamide, nitromin, thio-tepa, neocarzinostatin, adriamycin and
      daunomycin.

PMID- 382573
TI  - American Ophthalamological Society. Members.

PMID- 382572
TI  - Removal of a strangulating object from the penis.

PMID- 382574
TI  - Harold H. Joy, MD.

PMID- 382575
TI  - Murray Frew McCaslin, MD.

PMID- 382576
TI  - John V. V. Nicholls, MD.

PMID- 382577
TI  - Arthur C. Unsworth, MD.

PMID- 382578
TI  - Bennett Young Alvis, MD.

PMID- 382579
TI  - Refractive keratoplasty: keratophakia and keratomileusis.
AB  - We have presented our early experience with the refractive keratoplasty
      techniques of Doctor Jose Barraquer--keratophakia and hypermetropic
      keratomileusis. In contradistinction to the alloplastic lens substitutes
      currently being employed for the integral correction of aphakia, his techniques
      would seem to offer a more permanent, more physiologic, full-time optical
      correction of the aphakic state. Their use is limited only by the condition of
      the patient's corneaa and, in fact, may be applied not only in aphakia but also
      in phakic eyes with higher degrees of hyperopia or myopia. In the opinion of the
      authors, the refractive keratoplasty techniques of Barraquer can be perfored by
      any well-instructed ophthalmic surgeon. These techniques offer to many patients a
      satisfactory and potentially a physiologically superior alternative to
      alloplastic lens substitute for aphakic correction.

PMID- 382580
TI  - Walter Sydney Atkinson, MD.

PMID- 382582
TI  - Association of American Physicians.

PMID- 382581
TI  - John H. Dunnington, MD.

PMID- 382583
TI  - Philip Bard 1898-1977.

PMID- 382584
TI  - David Preswick Barr 1889-1977.

PMID- 382585
TI  - Protein conservation during prolonged fast: a function of triiodothyronine
      levels.

PMID- 382586
TI  - Richard B. Capps 1906-1976.

PMID- 382587
TI  - George C. Cotzias 1918-1977.

PMID- 382588
TI  - Harry Goldblatt 1891-1977.

PMID- 382589
TI  - Identification of chemoattractant activity for lymphocytes in bullous pemphigoid
      bullous fluid.

PMID- 382590
TI  - Francis Raymond Dieuaide 1892-1977.

PMID- 382591
TI  - Thomas Morton Durant 1905-1977.

PMID- 382592
TI  - Marshall Nairne Fulton 1899-1977.

PMID- 382593
TI  - David Marine 1880-1978.

PMID- 382594
TI  - Ovid O. Meyer 1900-1977.

PMID- 382596
TI  - Chandler Alton Stetson 1921-1977.

PMID- 382595
TI  - James P. O'Hare 1886-1974.

PMID- 382597
TI  - Alexander Ashley Weech 1895-1977.

PMID- 382599
TI  - Acceptance of the George M. Kober medal for 1978.

PMID- 382598
TI  - Presentation of the George M. Kober medal for 1978 to Maxwell Finland.

PMID- 382600
TI  - Attachment of E. coli to human intestinal epithelial cells: a functional in vitro
      test for intestinal colonization factor.

PMID- 382601
TI  - A review of tuberculosis (mycobacteriosis) in fish.

PMID- 382602
TI  - The new President of the RCVS: Mr Nigel Snodgrass.

PMID- 382603
TI  - Surgical treatment of osteomyelitis in the metacarpal and metatarsal bones of the
      horse.
AB  - The case histories of four horses with osteomyelitis involving the metacarpal and
      metatarsal bones are reviewed and the surgical treatments discussed. The horses
      recovered after curettage of all infected tissue and post operative drainage. The
      role of antibiotics in treatment is considered and reference is made to the acute
      treatment of deep wounds to avoid osteomyelitis.

PMID- 382605
TI  - Lamb mortality in a commercial lowland sheep flock with reference to the
      influence of climate and economics.

PMID- 382604
TI  - Aspects of genital infection and swabbing techniques in the mare.
AB  - The three groups of bacteria that cause endometritis in the mare are reviewed.
      The different methods of swabbing are assessed and the criteria which should be
      observed when developing a swabbing technique listed. The choice of speculum and
      swabs available are described.

PMID- 382606
TI  - Tubule length and Leydig cell volume in the normal bull testis.
AB  - Data are presented on the size, Leydig cell content and seminiferous tubule
      dimensions of the normal bull testis. A method of estimating total tubule length,
      requiring only the measurement of testis volume and the number of tubule cross
      sections in a unit area is described, and its applicability to the bull
      established. The average bull testis contains about 5.2 km of tubules.

PMID- 382607
TI  - Long history of lead poisoning.

PMID- 382608
TI  - Isolation and identification of mycobacteria from cattle slaughtered in Pakistan.
AB  - Specimens of lung, liver and mesenteric lymph node from cows and buffaloes
      slaughtered in the Lahore area were cultured to investigate the type of
      mycobacteria involved in bovine tuberculosis. Employing the concentration method,
      56 out of 530 cattle were found to be culture positive for acid-fast bacteria, 48
      being Mycobacterium bovis and eight atypical mycobacteria. No M tuberculosis or M
      avium was isolated. Most of the isolated M bovis strains were found to be highly
      virulent for rabbits.

PMID- 382609
TI  - Fluid therapy: some specific applications to medical conditions in small animals.

PMID- 382610
TI  - The function of bacteriophage T4 internal protein I in a restrictive strain of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 382611
TI  - [Health watch].

PMID- 382612
TI  - [Character and structure of gunshot wounds to the ENT organs].

PMID- 382613
TI  - [Treatment of alveolar hemorrhages after dental interventions].

PMID- 382614
TI  - [Therapeutic effectiveness of throat gargles].

PMID- 382615
TI  - [Significance of the scientific legacy and activities of Ia. L. Okunevskii for
      the creation of a disinfection and bathing and laundry duty service in the army].

PMID- 382616
TI  - [Epidemiologic significance of E. coli transmission during food preparation].

PMID- 382617
TI  - [The psychohygienic pause in the training of radiotelegraph operators].

PMID- 382618
TI  - [Ligation of the external iliac artery in a suppurating wound].

PMID- 382619
TI  - [Vasilii Isaevich Isaev (on the 125th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 382620
TI  - [Effect of trypsin and heparin electrophoresis on the state of the kallikrein
      kinin system in hypertension].

PMID- 382621
TI  - [Results of a study of the therapeutic effectiveness of peloids].

PMID- 382624
TI  - [In memoriam Iser Borisovich Temkin].

PMID- 382622
TI  - [V. I. Lenin and the development of the health resorts of the Crimea].

PMID- 382623
TI  - [Experimental and clinical basis for the use of enzymatic and heparin
      electrophoresis in the overall therapy of localized forms of inflammation].

PMID- 382625
TI  - [Disordered glucose-6-phosphate transport as a possible cause of glycogenosis
      type Ib].
AB  - More than ten patients with glycogen-storage disease, which were classified as
      patients with glycogenosis of the I type--deficiency in glucose-6-phosphatase) on
      the basis of clinical data and biochemical analyses in vivo, were detected within
      the last few years. But activity of glucose-6-phosphatase was found to be normal
      in biopsy of samples of the liver tissue obtained from these patients. This
      disease was termed as glycogenosis of the Ib type. A hypothesis is advanced,
      according to which the discrepancy in data on biochemical study of the patients
      in vivo and in vitro is due to absence of a specific permease in liver tissue,
      which transfers glucose-6-phosphate from cytosol onto the innesurface of
      membranes of cytoplasmic network, where glucose-6-phosphatase is located.

PMID- 382627
TI  - [Characteristics of glycogen metabolic regulation in rats with experimental
      autoimmune cardiomyopathy].
AB  - Alterations in glycogen metabolism and in its regulation were found in heart
      muscle and liver tissue, but not in sceletal muscle, of rats with experimental
      autoimmune cardiomyopathy. In development of the pathological process content of
      glycogen was unaltered in heart muscle as compared with the normal state; at the
      same time, activities of glycogen synthetase, phosphorylase and acid alpha
      glucosidase were increased. After administration of adrenaline, noradrenaline and
      serotonin into animals with the cardiomyopathy, the phosphorylase from heart
      muscle was not activated, contrary to the respone of the enzyme under normal
      conditions. Content of glycogen was drastically increased in liver tissue of rats
      with experimental cardiomyopathy, as compared with the normal state.
      Aministration of biogenic amines into the animals led to a decrease in
      concentration of glycogen in liver tissue and to increase in activity of acid
      alpha-glucosidase, but did not affect the activities of phosphorylase A and
      glycogen synthetase. A possibility is considered for a decrease of the abnormally
      high content of glycogen in liver tissue of the impaired rats using treatment
      with biogenic amines.

PMID- 382626
TI  - [Detection of plasmids in the cells of E. coli CK].
AB  - Superspiralized coiled plasmide DNA were found in cells E. coli CK. One of
      plasmides pEco CK-1 had a size 21.2 micron that corresponded to molecular mass
      43.7 megadaltons, another plasmide pEco CK-2 with the size 14.2 micron had a
      molecular weight 29.2 megadaltons. Effective restriction was observed in cross
      titration using phage PBV-I.CK for E. coli strains carrying R II plasmide and
      phage PBV-I.R II for E. coli CK cells. The data obtained suggest that the Eco CK
      type with DNA of host specificity is distinct from hsp II type due to presence of
      R II and N-15 plasmides.

PMID- 382629
TI  - [Immunological processes in ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 382628
TI  - [Diagnosis of acute appendicitis in patients suffering from diarrhea].

PMID- 382630
TI  - [Etiology and pathogenesis of tumors of the kidneys and upper urinary tracts].

PMID- 382631
TI  - [Use of strophathin and rausedil in the 1st days of uncomplicated myocardial
      infarct].

PMID- 382633
TI  - [Effect of thymosterin A on the expression of the thymus-dependent humoral
      response].

PMID- 382632
TI  - [Use of quateron in the treatment of peptic ulcer in pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 382634
TI  - [Role of bacteriological methods in the early detection of tuberculosis].

PMID- 382635
TI  - [Effectiveness of the treatment of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 382636
TI  - [Tetrapolar thoracic rheography in assessing the effectiveness of the treatment
      of cardiac insufficiency].

PMID- 382637
TI  - [Defective drainage of the inferior vena cava and innominate veins into the left
      atrium in an adult].

PMID- 382638
TI  - [Use of ozocerite in the overall treatment of lumbosacral radiculitis].

PMID- 382639
TI  - Problems in doing research. Standardization of clinical research treatments: a
      never-ending dilemma.

PMID- 382640
TI  - [Determination of antiepileptic drug levels in the blood: day-to-day experience
      in an out-patient clinic for epilepic children (author's transl)].
AB  - The possibility of determining the blood levels of antiepileptic drugs represents
      a considerable advance, under certain circumstances, objective supervision of
      anticonvulsant therapy. In particular in the case of an unsatisfactory
      therapeutic result, this procedure helps to reveal the causes of failure (e.g.
      incorrect administration, poor absorption, interaction with other drugs). Like
      many new diagnostic methods this method is rather costly; hence, its use within
      the daily routine work should be limited to definite indications. Apart from its
      use in cases of inadequate control of epilepsy and the appearance of side
      effects, other indications for implementation of the method are the
      establishement of correct dosation of antiepileptic drugs in new patients and
      drug intercurrent illness, which frequently necessitates the use of additional
      drugs.

PMID- 382641
TI  - [Mixed infection after renal transplantation (author's transl)].
AB  - Severe mixed infection was observed in 9 out of 101 renal transplant recipients
      over a period of 6 years and was characterized by the simultaneous incidence of
      bacterial, fungal and viral infections. Severe septicaemia was clinically evident
      in all cases. The critical clinical situation called for a rapid assessment of
      the differential diagnosis and relevant bacterial, fungal and viral
      investigations. Antibacterial and antimycotic therapy must be instituted as soon
      as possible on account of the high mortality from mixed infection in renal
      transplant recipients. The reduction or discontinuation of immunosuppressive
      therapy during infection did not impair renal transplant function.

PMID- 382643
TI  - [Development, structure and tasks of the department of physiology in Graz/Austria
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Physiology is concerned with the problems related to the optimal function of
      biological systems. The field therfore reaches from molecular biology to socio
      economic questions. Three basic features have to be considered in science: 1) It
      is important that the work is being done with enthusiasm, simply because science
      is interesting and even fun. 2) It is always necessary to consider that the work
      is a necessary condition of daily life; this is also true for scientific work. 3)
      Especially in scientific work we have to serve mankind. Science in this sense has
      to include the idea of serving.--When-ever one of these features or conditions is
      omitted, the essence of scientific work will suffer, either because the scientist
      is selfish or because he doesn't take science serious enough. The research in the
      department of physiology in Graz is concerned with the problem of optimal control
      in hemodynamics and with research in topics related to biomechanics, exercise
      physiology and instrumentation. The teaching tasks include teaching of more than
      thousand second year students and performing laboratory courses and examinations.

PMID- 382642
TI  - [The role of lipoproteinlipase and hepatic triglyceride lipase in the metabolism
      of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (author's transl)].
AB  - After intravenous injection of heparin two triglyceride lipases are secreted into
      the plasma: Lipoproteinlipase and a "hepatic" triglyceride lipase. The properties
      of these two enzymes are extensively discussed in this review. The different
      methods of measurement of the two lipases are described in detail. The
      physiological role of lipoproteinlipase in the catabolism of triglyceride-rich
      lipoproteins is quite well understood. The function of the hepatic triglyceride
      lipase is not clear until now. The speculations about the possible role of the so
      called "remnants" as a substrate of hepatic triglyceride lipase are discussed.
      The results of own investigations concerning the possible role of these two
      enzymes in the triglyceride metabolism under different pathophysiological
      conditions are presented.

PMID- 382644
TI  - [Therapy with convulex in patients with disorders of concentration and of the
      visual motor system].

PMID- 382645
TI  - The role of immunotherapy in the management of patients with malignant melanoma.

PMID- 382648
TI  - Biochemical characteristics and antibiotic susceptibilities of Serratia
      marcescens isolated from clinical specimens.

PMID- 382646
TI  - Chemotherapy of malignant melanoma.

PMID- 382649
TI  - Detailed analysis of chromosome aberrations in human leukocyte induced by anti
      malignant tumor agent (FT-207).

PMID- 382650
TI  - Korean heritage in medicine, a glimpse of history.

PMID- 382651
TI  - [Teachers of midwifery in the health and social institutions of their time. A
      biographical study on the occasion of the 200 jubilee of midwife training in
      Magdeburg].

PMID- 382652
TI  - [Recommendations for the evaluation and interpretation of juvenile
      electrocardiograms. Short programmed course. 14. (4. supplement): The
      electrocardiogram in athletes and in pupils and juveniles during athletic
      training].

PMID- 382653
TI  - [Problems of high-dose sodium fluoride therapy in osteoporosis. 3. Practice of
      osteoporosis therapy with sodium fluoride].

PMID- 382647
TI  - Combined modality therapy of malignant melanoma.

PMID- 382654
TI  - [Christian Wolff (1679-1754) and the medical concept of his time].
AB  - The 300th anniversary of the birthday of Christian Wolff gave the occasion to set
      his multilateral work in relation to the medical currents of his time and to
      analyse it from the standpoint of modern medicine. Especially in his early period
      at Halle University Christian Wolff develops a new research programme with
      essential accents for the future physician. His philosophical literature with the
      postulates containing in this are conformable to the aim of the predecessors of
      the French revolution and on the sector of the art of therapeutic forms the basis
      decisive improvements in organised public health.

PMID- 382655
TI  - [Mass screening for bacteriuria in students].
AB  - From 1973 to 1978 in 2.6% out of 244 female students and in none out of 160 male
      students a significant persisting bacteriuria was proved. By the slight rate of
      falsely positive findings could be demonstrated that the midstream technique
      gives evident results when persons able to cooperate are sufficiently instructed.

PMID- 382657
TI  - [Discussion of acupuncture as a therapeutic method].
AB  - Only relatively few objective critical controls of the acupuncture with the help
      of double-blind studies face the numerous publications on the successes of this
      form of treatment. These examinations led to the results that the successes of
      acupuncture in the same way may be reproduced by means of sham acupuncture. Since
      a (specific) effect transgressing the placebo or suggestive effect could not be
      proved on any part for the application of acupuncture the medico-juridicial
      demands must be put as in experiments on man.

PMID- 382656
TI  - [The clinical value of unspecific humoral immune parameters. Attempt at an
      immunogram. II. Quantitative determination of CH50E, CB50E, C3, C4 and lysozyme
      and measurement of indirect phagocytosis rate in the serum of patients with
      chronic pyelonephritis].
AB  - In 183 patients with chronic pyelonephritis as unspecific humoral immune
      parameters CH50E, CB50E, C3, C4 and lysozyme as well as the indirect phagocytosis
      against Staphylococcus aureus SG 511 and E. coli were tested. Clinically a
      differentiation according to 3 degrees of the renal function and 3 degrees of the
      activity of the disease was performed. The statistical analysis took into
      consideration mean and limit values. With the help of contingency tables tendency
      pictures were developed. C3, C4 and lysozyme proved as suitable for a humoral
      immunogramme in chronic pyelonephritis. C3 was increased in clear activity, C4
      and lysozyme in restricted renal function and expressed activity. In view of the
      high biologic variation of humoral test parameters advantages and disadvantages
      of an immunogramme are discussed. But for patients with chronic pyelonephritis
      finally the estimations of IgM, IgG, IgD, C3, C4 and lysozyme are regarded as
      clinically useful. A feasable immunologic test set should be controlled, precised
      and completed.

PMID- 382658
TI  - [Morphologic studies on in experimental lung transplantations. II. Light
      microscopic and histochemical findings in the transplanted homologous dog lung].
AB  - Morphologic Studies (light-microscopy, enzyme histochemistry, semi thin-layer
      preparation) on homografted canine lungs with and without immuno-suppressive
      therapy (Azathioprin, resp. anti-thymocyte serum) reveal different findings from
      untreated control animals and those after immuno-suppressive treatment. Under
      Azathioprin as well as anti-thymocyte serum the signs of rejection are
      attenuated, and regular pulmonary tissue is maintained in larger areas. Damages
      of certain cellular elements are better ascertained by means of determination of
      specific enzymes activities than by help of light-microscopic methods.

PMID- 382659
TI  - [Experimental allo-paratopic heart transplantation in dogs as a biological bypass
      of the left ventricle].
AB  - 1. The authors' model of paratopic cardiac replacement by means of a branched
      Dacron prosthesis is considered a simple method for left-heart replacement. 2.
      This experimental model is a suitable temporary left-heart substitute in acute
      cardiac failure. Removal after rejection is easy. 3. The modified model can also
      be used in experimental acute right-heart failure.

PMID- 382661
TI  - The role of insulin and glucagon in the plasma aminoacid imbalance of chronic
      hepatic encephalopathy.
AB  - Increased glucagon (IRG) levels have been documented in liver cirrhosis,
      particularly associated with portal-systemic shunting. In spite of increased
      insulin (IRI) levels, IRI/IRG are reduced. This alteration has been proposed to
      have a pathogenic role in plasma aminoacid imbalance which seems to account for
      hepatic encephalopathy. We studied IRG and IRI/IRG in 13 controls and in 3 groups
      of cirrhotics, divided on the basis of their mental state. Glucagon was
      determined by means of 30 K Unger's antibody; insulin by a double antibody
      technique. Results are expressed in the table as means +/- SEM. (Formula: see
      text)A progressive increase in IRG secretion is present in cirrhotics and
      correlates with the mental state; IRI/IRG is not altered in cirrhosis until
      neurological distrubances are present. A relative fall in IRI which can no more
      balance the increasing IRG values characterizes hepatic encephalopathy.

PMID- 382660
TI  - Hypothalamic-pituitary function (LH, FSH and prolactin) in males with chronic
      liver diseases.
AB  - Because of the central importance of the liver for the metabolism of estrogens
      and androgens the chronically ill liver per se represents an essential disturbing
      factor within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis caused by the altered
      hepatic metabolism of the steroid hormones as well as the abnormal synthesis of
      steroid-hormone-binding proteins with changed free fractions of sex hormones. The
      question has been differently answered whether a chronic hepatic disease can also
      be the reason for disturbance on hypothalamic-pituitary and/or testicular level.
      Recent plasma determination of LH/FSH before and after LHRH and clomiphene, of
      sex hormones before and after HCG as well as unbound sex hormones in males with
      chronic hepatic diseases lead to the following conclusion. 1. Chronic liver
      disease (without idopathic hemochromatosis). Even sever chronic hepatic diseases
      are not accompanied by primary hypopituitarism. With regard to the impaired
      Leydig cells stimulation by HCG and the abnormal seminal fluid and testicular
      histology one can suppose a primary gonadal hypogonadism. However, an additional
      hypothalamic disturbance has to be considered. 2. Idiopathic hemochromatosis.
      Presumably in hemochromatosis a primary insufficiency of pituitary and/or testes
      can take place related to the general metabolic disturbances of this illness. The
      classic hypothesis of an exclusively primary lesion with secondary hypogonadism
      does not appear to be correct.

PMID- 382662
TI  - [Double flap method in the frontal and temporal area to cover larger defects left
      by surgery].
AB  - Regional flaps are often necessary to cover defects left after operations in the
      forehead and temple area, since the skin of the scalp does not stretch well and
      because of the likelihood of dislocation of the eyebrow. We find the double
      advancement-flap technique using curving incisions of great use in this area.
      These curved flaps margins follow the wrinkles of the forehead and the relaxed
      skin tension lines. This contributes to easy healing and inconspicous scars. At
      the same time undersired facial asymmetry or disturbance of expression can be
      avoided.

PMID- 382663
TI  - Protein I and protein II from the outer membrane of Escherichia coli are mouse B
      lymphocyte mitogens.
AB  - Protein I from the outer membrane of Escherichia coli is a B-lymphocyte mitogen
      in mice. Polyclonal activation of mouse splenocytes was demonstrated by 3H
      thymidine incorporation into DNA, 3H-uridine incorporation into RNA, and by a
      hemolytic plaque assay in three inbred mouse strains. B-lymphocytes from LPS
      responder mice (C57Bl/10, STU/nu/nu) and LPS non-responder mice (C3H/HeJ) both
      responded well to protein I. The presence of serum was not necessary for
      mitogenicity; bovine serum albumin exhibited a beneficial effect on serum
      depleted cultures. Thymocytes of C3H/HeJ mice were not activated by protein I.
      Protein II* from E. coli was also tested in our systems and showed a weak B
      lymphocyte stimulatory activity. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were not
      activated.

PMID- 382664
TI  - The Lewis antigen system and its relevance for clinical transplantation.
AB  - The influence of the Lewis blood group system on transplant survival was studied
      retrospectively in 161 kidney transplantations. Le (a-b+) recipients had
      significantly higher graft survival rates than Le (a+b-) or Le (a-b-) recipients.
      From the known distribution of the Lewis blood groups among the European
      population, a high percentage of Lewis-compatible transplants would be expected
      among Le (a-b+) recipients in contrast to the Le (a+b-) and Le (a-b-) recipients.
      Other factors which are known to influence transplant prognosis such as HLA-match
      between donor and recipient, ischemic time of the transplants and pretransplant
      blood transfusions did not differ significantly in any of the three groups
      studied. Our data again suggest the relevance of the Lewis blood group system for
      clinical kidney transplantation. The findings should be confirmed by prospective
      typing of donor and recipient for Lewis antigens.

PMID- 382665
TI  - [Konrad Spang on his 70. birthday].

PMID- 382667
TI  - [Success of treatment of total burns- experiences from the Peoples' Republic of
      China].

PMID- 382666
TI  - Some recent results of the quantitative characterization of heart muscle cells.
AB  - The present situation of the quantitative characterization of the heart muscle
      may be summarized as follows: 1. There exists a great collection of quantitative
      data of the heart at the macroscopical, microscopical, and ultrastructural
      levels. 2. These data allow for the explanation of several life processes and of
      the pathogenesis of various diseases. 3. Correlations between cellular structures
      and biochemical processes can be realized by quantitative data, especially
      volume, number, and surface. 4. At present it is necessary to standardize the
      methods in order to obtain a better comparability of the results. 5. Moreover,
      the three levels should be correlated because only then numerous results may
      interpreted correctly. 6. All existing quantitative results show significantly
      that the isolated recording of quantitative data is an insufficient as is the
      description of qualitative results. The combination of quantitative and
      qualitative findings leads, however, to completely new results of higher
      scientific value which form--in combination with biochemical findings--the basis
      of the knowledge of normal and disturbed life processes.

PMID- 382668
TI  - [Determination of the course of surface arteries by means of Doppler
      ultrasonics].
AB  - In order to trace the arterial circulation in areas with axial pattern of blood
      supply, the application of a Doppler-Ultra Sound examination is described by
      which a precise picture of the circulation can be obtained in a short time and
      using simple technical means.

PMID- 382669
TI  - [Reconstructive tumor surgery of the face and neck].

PMID- 382670
TI  - [Correction of external-ear anomalies].

PMID- 382671
TI  - [Reconstructive surgery in laryngeal cancer].

PMID- 382672
TI  - [The congenital funnel chest. Surgical correction].

PMID- 382673
TI  - [Cellular mechanisms of the inotropic action of the sympathoadrenal system on the
      heart].

PMID- 382675
TI  - The prevalence of nursing bottle caries or baby bottle syndrome in an inner city
      fluoridated community.

PMID- 382676
TI  - Pulp response to citric acid cavity cleanser.

PMID- 382674
TI  - [Several general patterns in the human cardiovascular system's adaptation to
      physical loading].

PMID- 382678
TI  - [Portrait: Ulla Grandell].

PMID- 382677
TI  - [Nurses are barely allowed to think without permission (Elisabet Lind)].

PMID- 382680
TI  - [We chose the right way. Gerd was SSF's chairperson since 1960 - now she is
      handing it over (Gerd Zetterstrom Lagervall)].

PMID- 382679
TI  - [Profile (Ingrid Aronsson)].

PMID- 382682
TI  - [International cooperation (Bertha Wellin)].

PMID- 382683
TI  - [Philosophical and socio-public health views of A.I. Gertsen].

PMID- 382681
TI  - [A nurse who never lacked great skills (Kerstin Nordendahl)].

PMID- 382684
TI  - [Hereditary determination of retinoblastoma (inheritance characteristics)].

PMID- 382685
TI  - [Extreme factors of the Far North and the health problems of the population in
      this region].

PMID- 382686
TI  - [Father of Russian physiology (the 150th anniversary of the birth of I. M.
      Sechenov)].

PMID- 382688
TI  - [From the history of "Brain Reflexes" by I. M. Sechenov].

PMID- 382687
TI  - [Recollections of Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov].

PMID- 382690
TI  - [Isolation of single odontoblasts and their cholinesterase activity].

PMID- 382689
TI  - [Possibility of studying malignant growth from the aspect of the concepts of
      biological dyssymmetry].

PMID- 382691
TI  - [Anthropometric facial proportions as esthetic measurements in prosthodontics].

PMID- 382693
TI  - [Coordination between surgery and intensive medicine in the treatment of multiply
      injured patients].

PMID- 382694
TI  - [Experiences with the emergency treatment of fractures close to the body in
      multiply injured patients].

PMID- 382695
TI  - [Which methods are used in dental practice for the casting of crowns and
      bridgework?].

PMID- 382692
TI  - [Surgical treatment of carcinoma in the oral cavity].

PMID- 382696
TI  - [The apex of heart disease].

PMID- 382697
TI  - [Trepanations of the skull in ancient Latvia (author's transl)].
AB  - 3,800 skulls of inhibitants of the Baltic Sea coast of previous centuries have
      been investigated beginning with the neolithic period up to the 18th century. 10
      cases of skull trepanation were found, 8 of which were performed in Latvia, 6
      were successfull. One of them is of large size (120 x 60 mm) and shows traces of
      healing. It is dated back to the neolithic period. Five were performed before the
      18th century. The favourable results testity the skill and considerable medical
      knowledge of folk physicians. Furthermore, it also witnesses the great resistance
      of the organism of ancient people in Latvia in cases of surgical intervention.

PMID- 382698
TI  - A simple method for the separation of tissue-cultured plant cells from unbound
      bacteria: a demonstration of acquired affinity for bacteria by cells of soy bean.
AB  - Tissue-cultured cells of soy bean, grown in liquid medium and then transferred to
      an agar substratum in so-called tissue chambers, showed an affinity for the
      binding of applied bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae). This binding, which became
      greater as the plant cells remained on the agar for up to 10 days, was manifested
      as an increasing resistance of the bacteria to be washed from the plant cells in
      a standard, gentle and reproducible procedure devised for this purpose. The
      number of bacteria firmly bound to the cells was determined by the use of 32P
      labelled bacteria and was largely independent of the concentration of bacteria in
      the suspension applied to the tissue-cultured cells.

PMID- 382699
TI  - The influence of ultrasonic waves alone and in presence of certain salts on the
      microbial production of alcohol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - It was, thus, concluded that the influence of ultrasonic waves on the production
      of alcohol in presence of NaCl was inconspicuous as compared with the effects of
      other salts. It was evident from the fact that even the optimum yield of alcohol
      could not exceed the control. However, the influence of ultrasonic waves alone
      and its influence in presence of KH2PO4 could enhance the amount of alcohol over
      the control by 45.6% and 26.1%, respectively. The best result obtained amongst
      these treatments was found with the effect of sonics in presence of NH4Cl, in
      which the amount of alcohol produced was greater than that of the control by
      51.3%.

PMID- 382700
TI  - A versatile soil percolator.
AB  - A simple multiple column soil percolator is described. Individual columns operate
      in parallel and are independent. The apparatus may be operated by pressure or
      suction. An experiment on the effects of pesticides on nitrification in the
      percolator is described.

PMID- 382701
TI  - [Surgical diseases in patients under long-time dialysis and after kidney
      transplantation (author's transl)].
AB  - In uremic patients under long-time dialysis and after kidney transplantation
      surgical diseases with severe complications may occur, such as gastro-duodenal
      ulcers, inflammatory and ischaemic diseases of the colon, acute pancreatitis,
      intestinal obstruction. Most of the complications have only poor symptoms. If
      complications are suspected, an "aggressive diagnostic regimen" is mandatory. The
      incidence of cancer is higher in these patients. Complications can be diminished
      by prophylactic operations, such as gastric resection in gastro-duodenal ulcer. A
      restriction in elective and emergency operations has no longer a place in these
      patients.

PMID- 382702
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. 100 years ago (6)].

PMID- 382703
TI  - [Significance and diagnosis of fungal abortion in cattle].

PMID- 382704
TI  - Immunological studies in mice with swine edema disease principle (neurotoxin).

PMID- 382705
TI  - [Evgenii Mikhailovich Kreps (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 382706
TI  - [Mikhail Iakovlevich Mikhel'son (1912--1978)].

PMID- 382708
TI  - [Mikhail Vasil'evich Zemskov (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 382707
TI  - [Views of I.M. Sechenov on the development of nervous activity during phylo- and
      ontogeny].

PMID- 382709
TI  - [Integration of the RP4 factor with the chromosome in Escherichia coli K12 and
      the formation of 2 types of Hfr-strains].
AB  - The mutant RP4ts12, derived from the R-factor RP4 and thermosensitive in
      replication, is incorporated into the chromosome A3dna(ts) of E. coli K12, thus
      suppressing dnaA mutation. The integration of this factor into the chromosome
      leads to the formation of Hfr strains of two types: the strains of the first type
      transfer plasmid markers to recipient cells earlier than to chromosomal ones; the
      strains of the second type transfer plasmid markers to recipient cells after
      chromosomal ones. During conjugation the R-factor integrated into the chromosome
      dissociates from chromosomal DNA introduced into the recipient cell and becomes
      autonomous.

PMID- 382710
TI  - [Formation of an IgM and an IgG immune response depending on the redistribution
      of T- and B-subpopulations under the action of serotonin].
AB  - The syngeneic transfer of spleen cells or spleen and lymph node cells from donors
      with an elevated serotonin level stimulated, in comparison with the control
      animals, immune response in the recipients subjected to sublethal irradiation,
      which was manifested by an increase in the number of plaque-forming and rosette
      forming cells. After the combined transfer of spleen cells and bone marrow cells
      from similar animals a decrease in the number of plaque-forming and rosette
      forming cells was observed, while after the transfer of spleen and thymus cells
      the intensity of immune response remained unchanged. Serotonin was supposed to
      induce the redistribution of T and B cells in the non-immunized animals, so that
      suppressor cells migrated from the spleen and the lymph nodes to the bone marrow.

PMID- 382711
TI  - [Use of a computer for the purpose of identifying bacteria of the family
      Enterobacteriaceae and the determination of the minimal set of differential
      tests].
AB  - Algorhythm and a program for identification of bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae
      family, based on Edwards and Ewing's diagnostic scheme, were worked out. Use of
      this program permitted to analyze different sets of abbreviated biochemical
      tests. To determine the genera and species of enterobacteria a minimal set of 11
      tests is suggested, including indol formation, Voges-Proskauer's reaction, the
      presence of urease enzymes, gelatinase, lysine decraboxylase, phenylalanine
      deaminase, glucose fermentation (gas), or lactose, inosite, sorbit, arabinose,
      rhamnose. The program admits increase of both the biochemical tests, and
      toxonomic groups of bacteria, this permitting to consider several families. The
      presence of strains deviating by properties from this scheme points to the
      necessity of further improvement of diagnostic schemes for the enterobacteria
      identification.

PMID- 382712
TI  - [Antagonistic interrelationships of Bifidobacterium bifidum i Proteus vulgaris in
      vitro in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic chicks].
AB  - The antagonistic relations between Bacterium bifidum, strain I/850 phi, and
      Proteus vulgaris, strain F-30, were studied. These organisms, when introduced
      together in equal doses into the digestive tract of gnotobiotic chickens in a
      single administration, were shown to create certain ecological correlations in
      various organs with the prevalence of bifidobacteria which exerted no negative
      influence on Proteus vulgaris. The additional daily administration of
      bifidobacteria for 3 days running in doses 1000 times as great as the initial
      dose, the content of both dibifobacteria and Proteus vulgaris in the intestine
      being at that time at its maximum, resulted in the suppression of the growth of
      Proteus vulgaris. Our findings indicate that the influence of the pH of the
      medium should be considered in order to obtain the evidence of significantly
      pronounced antagonistic relations between the two organisms in vitro.

PMID- 382713
TI  - [Noteworthy dates in the history of psychiatry. 1979].

PMID- 382714
TI  - [Their names in the people's memory].

PMID- 382716
TI  - [Iosif Adamovich Polishchuk].

PMID- 382717
TI  - [Ivan Borisovich Galant].

PMID- 382715
TI  - [Aleksandr Gavrilovich Panov].

PMID- 382718
TI  - On the intracerebral locus for androgenization of female rats.
AB  - Comparison of control and androgenized rats has revealed that many nerve
      terminals ending on arcuate nerve cells of rats treated neonatally with
      testosterone phenylpropionate show a decrease in dense-core vesicles, and an
      increase in the number of clear vesicles and of vesicles that exhibit various
      degrees of electron density. The same changes were observed in nerve terminals
      ending on preoptic neurons of rats androgenized neonatally. These findings are
      discussed in view of the intracerebral locus for androgenization of female rats.

PMID- 382719
TI  - Membrane function alterations of red blood cell in neuropsychiatric disorders.

PMID- 382720
TI  - [Effect of temperature on formation of lysozyme in E. coli CRT 266 (dnaB ts)
      after infection with bacteriophage T3].
AB  - Lysozyme formation induced by bacteriophage T3 was studied in the ts-mutant E.
      coli CRT 266 (dnaBts) and in the wild-type E. coli CR 34--45 (dnaB+) at different
      temperatures. It was found that lysozyme was formed in E. coli CRT 266, however,
      no lysozyme synthesis took place at 41.5 degrees C. These results indicate that
      the expression of the lysozyme gene is disturbed in the ts-mutant at 41.5 degrees
      C.

PMID- 382721
TI  - [Detection of tumor-associated cell membrane antigens of UV-induced mouse sarcoma
      by the ferritin-hybrid antibody method].

PMID- 382722
TI  - [Leukocyte migration inhibition and leukocyte adherence inhibition (LMI- and LAI
      assay) in cancer patients by using preparations from human fetuses].
AB  - The sensitization of lymphocytes from patients with different tumors was tested
      against a 3 M KCl-extract of fetal tissue (3.--6. month) by the leukocyte
      adherence inhibition assay (LAI) and by the leukocyte migration inhibition assay
      (LMI). Sensitization was compared with the reactivity of controls without any
      detectable tumor. In the LAI assay the leukocytes of 13/15 patients and 2/12
      controls showed an inhibition of the adherence. In the LMI-assay 11/17 tumor
      bearing patients and 6/18 controls reacted positive in the presence of the
      antigen preparation. The two methods demonstrated that patients bearing tumors of
      different histology are sensitized to fetal antigens.

PMID- 382723
TI  - Detection of a cell surface antigen common to a mouse myeloma and a population of
      mouse thymocytes.
AB  - A new antigen termed PTA (plasmocytoma thymus antigen) is described which occurs
      on 70--80% of mouse thymocytes of all mouse strains tested and on an IgG 2b
      producing BALB/c plasma cell tumor. PTA is detectable on mouse spleen and lymph
      node cells. It is absent from liver, brain, bone marrow, and antibody plaque
      forming cells. PTA is not related to theta antigen and is not detectable on rat
      thymocytes.

PMID- 382724
TI  - A common differentiation antigen on plaque forming cells and a subpopulation of
      thymus cells in mice and rats.
AB  - A non species specific lymphocyte differentiation antigen is described which can
      be detected on plaque forming cells and a small fraction of thymocytes of mice
      and rats. The antigen is absent from a BALB/c plasma cell tumor and is not
      detectable on Dexamethasone-resistant thymocytes. On the basis of its occurrence
      the term TPCA (thymus plasma cell antigen) is proposed for the antigen. A
      monospecific anti TPCA serum could be prepared which enables the detection of the
      antigen on about 10% of rat thymocytes.

PMID- 382725
TI  - Stimulation of (Pro-)insulin biosynthesis and release by gastric inhibitory
      polypeptide in isolated islets of rat pancreas.
AB  - (Pro-)Insulin biosynthesis ([3H]leucine incorporation) and insulin secretion were
      studied in collagenase-isolated rat islets incubated for 3 hours at 1 and 2 mg/ml
      glucose in the presence of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP). GIP augmented
      [3H]leucine incorporation and release of insulin at both glucose concentrations.
      In a second series of experiments it was found that an amino acid mixture was
      without influence on the insulotrophic action of GIP. Combined stimulation of
      insulin release by GIP and glucagon did not result in higher insulin output than
      observed in the presence of each substance alone. Thus GIP, in constrast to many
      other gastrointestinal peptides, however similar to glucagon, enhances not only
      release but also biosynthesis of insulin. This insulinotrophic action can be
      observed already at a glucose concentration of 1 mg/ml. The results underline the
      outstanding role which GIP appears to play in the regulation of beta-cell
      function.

PMID- 382726
TI  - Testicular activity in Cushing's disease.
AB  - Plasma testosterone levels were suppressed in 6 of 8 mature male patients with
      Cushing's disease, all of whom complained of loss of libido and decreased sexual
      potency. Gonadotrophin levels, both under basal conditions and in response to LH
      RH, were generally normal. The testicular response to stimulation with hCG was
      brisk in the 2 patients examined. Oestradiol levels were slightly elevated in 2
      patients and prolactin levels were normal in all patients. Thus, male patients
      with Cushing's disease demonstrated normal gonadotrophin levels in the presence
      of suppressed testosterone, or, viewed from a slightly different prospect, low
      testosterone levels despite normal gonadotrophins. Neither oestradiol nor
      prolactin excess appeared to account for the observations. Possible explanations
      for these findings include (a) a combination of impaired hypothalamic and
      testicular function, and (b) a resetting downwards of the level of testosterone
      that is seen as appropriate by the disordered bypothalamic-pituitary unit.
      Following correction of cortisol excess in Cushing's disease, testosterone levels
      rose into the normal range.

PMID- 382727
TI  - Gn RH test: prognostic significance in different testicular pathological
      patterns.

PMID- 382729
TI  - Isolation of the C-terminal peptides of rabbit skeletal myosin.
AB  - Purified LMM and its tryptic fragments (LF-1, LF-2 and LF-3) were treated with
      carboxypeptidase-A and the liberated amino acids were identified by thin layer
      ion-exchange charomatography. In each protein the only detectable amino acid was
      leucine. From the total tryptic digest of LMM the C-terminal leucine containing
      peptides were isolated. Two peptides were found with the following amino acid
      composition: asx1, g1x6, ala1, leu3, and g1n2-3, leu1, respectively. We obtained
      the same two peptides from the total tryptic digest of LF-3. We conclude that the
      C-terminal amino acid of the myosin heavy chain is leucine rather than isoleucine
      as suggested earlier. Heterogeneity of isolated C-terminal peptides might
      indicate a heterogeneity in the myosin heavy chains.

PMID- 382728
TI  - Comparative study of cardiovascular, neurological and metabolic side effects of 8
      narcotics in dogs. Pethidine, piritramide, morphine, phenoperidine, fentanyl, R
      39 209, sufentanil, R 34 995. I. Comparative study on the acute toxicity and
      hemodynamic effects of the narcotics in high and massive doses in curarised and
      mechanically ventilated dogs.

PMID- 382730
TI  - Rate of formation of specific RNA polymerase: DNA complexes on phage lambda rif d
      18 DNA.

PMID- 382731
TI  - Effect of drugs on the calcium-dependent rapid potassium transport in calcium
      loaded intact red cells.

PMID- 382733
TI  - [Ameloblastoma].

PMID- 382732
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the roughness of composite resins using surface glazing
      agents].

PMID- 382734
TI  - [Treatment possibilities for large umbilical hernias and paraumbilical abdominal
      wall defects].

PMID- 382735
TI  - [Demonstration of antibodies with enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) in
      pyelonephritis in childhood].

PMID- 382736
TI  - Release of insulin in vitro from normal and duct-ligated rat pancreas.
AB  - Ligation of the pancreatic duct causes atrophy of the acinar cells but leaves the
      endocrine tissue intact. In the present study, a partial ligation of the
      pancreatic duct was performed in the rat, and the in vitro insulin response to
      glucose was compared from both the atrophic and non-atrophic portions of the
      pancreas. Subsequent morphological studies of the duct-tied portion of the
      pancreas indicated a complete lack of acinar cells and a possible neoformation of
      ducts, fat cells and connective tissue. However, islets were present in normal
      amounts and appeared well perserved. Measurements of the insulin release in vitro
      from this ligated pancreatic tissue showed that an increase of the glucose
      concentrations from 3.3 to 16.7 mmol/1 resulted in a six-fold stimulation. A
      further two-fold stimulation was seen after addition of theophylline to the high
      glucose incubation medium. In addition, only under the latter conditions was
      there a significantly increased insulin release from both non-atrophic portion of
      the pancreas and from the pancreas of sham-operated animals. It is concluded that
      duct ligation does not diminish the glucose sensitivty of rat islet B-cells.
      Thus, the present study does not support the view proposed previously that islet
      tissue is functionally of a foetal nature following duct ligation.

PMID- 382737
TI  - Diagnosis of postnatal rubella by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for
      rubella IgM and IgG antibodies.
AB  - A semi-automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established for
      the detection of rubella IgM antibodies in non-fractionated sera. A cut-off level
      between rubella IgM positive and negative sera was determined by a study of sera
      without rheumatoid factor from 200 blood donors. Testing of 12 donor sera
      containing rheumatoid factor showed that 5 sera gave a positive result in the
      rubella IgM assay. Rubella IgM antibodies were quantified by ELISA in a study of
      214 serial serum specimens drawn from 16 patients with rubella during a period of
      up to 10 years after the infection. Peak values of the IgM antibodies were
      reached approximately 8 days after onset of the rash, and the persistence of the
      IgM antibodies ranged from 17-90 days, with the exception of one patient with a
      prolonged IgM response. The rubella IgG antibodies increased slowly after the
      rash and reached maximum levels about 50-120 days, after which a monor decrease
      was observed. The results of the present study indicate that ELISA is suitable as
      a routine procedure for the serodiagnosis of recent rubella.

PMID- 382738
TI  - Isolation of Sporothrix fungorum from a 500-year-old mummy found in Greenland.
AB  - A 500-year-old mummy of a seven-month-old Eskimo infant recently removed from a
      tomb north of Umanak presented problems of preservation. Among these was fungal
      coating on the skin, especially on the face. The fungus was isolated and
      diagnosed as a Sporothrix fungorum. The skin was successfully treated with
      nystatine. The species Sporothrix fungorum isolated is considered to be very
      rare, having been reported previously only from Europe and South Africa, but
      never from Greenland.

PMID- 382739
TI  - Gas chromatographic characterization of porcine and human strains belonging to
      the Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex.
AB  - Trifluoroacetylated whole-cell methanolysates of 23 strains designated as
      belonging to the Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex by biochemical,
      growth chromogenicity and chicken pathogenicity tests, were analysed by gas
      chromatography. Twenty of the strains were isolated from pigs and the remainder
      from human beings. Serological typing showed that 13 of the porcine strains, but
      none of the human strains, belonged to M. avium. The remaining strains, except
      one which showed autoagglutination, did not react with antisera to M. avium
      (serotypes 1-3), thus suggesting that they belonged to M. intracellulare. Five
      different, highly reproducible chromatographic patterns, the main peaks of which
      were considered as representing bacterial carbohydrates and fatty acids, could be
      distinguished by visual examination and by cluster analysis. The chromatographic
      results could not be correlated with those obtained from serotyping of the
      strains studied. Mycobacteria recovered from different organs of one and the same
      pig gave virtually identical chromatograms. The strains isolated from three human
      beings had a chromatographic pattern which was identical with one of those
      produced by the porcine strains. The present investigation indicates that the gas
      chromatographic analytic technique used differentiates bacteria within the M.
      avium-intracellulare complex, without assigning the organisms to species.

PMID- 382740
TI  - [Dr. Kalman Szasz (1910-1978)].

PMID- 382741
TI  - Effect of increased excretory renal mass on kidney function.
AB  - Renal function was investigated in non-hydrated normal dogs and in dogs with
      slight isotonic hypervolaemia before and after increasing the excreting renal
      mass by connecting a pair of isolated kidneys into their circulation. After
      connecting the isolated kidneys to the perfusor's circulation, the excreting
      capacity of the in situ kidneys decreased markedly in both groups, without any
      change in the arterial blood pressure. Their urine output calculated for 100g
      kidney weight dropped from 0.52 +/- 0.43 to 0.30 +/- 0.18 ml/min in the non
      hydrated group, and from 2.3 +/- 1.17 to 1.33 +/- 0.96 ml/min in the hydrated
      one. The urine flow of the isolated kidneys was 0.29 +/- 0.12 ml/min in the non
      hydrated and 1.11 +/- 0.53 ml/min in the hydrated animals. Sodium excretion
      displayed similar changes. The findings suggest, that the excretory capacity of
      the kidneys and its distribution between the two kidneys is regulated very
      precisely. In our opinion, one or more "natriuretic factor" may be responsible
      for this precise regulation. The supposed factor seems to be produced
      extrarenally, and is only "used up" by the kidneys. It appears to exert its
      effect on the tubular part of the nephron, regulating the permeability of the
      tubular wall and controlling in this way the reflux of sodium and water from the
      capillary side to the tubular lumen. The decreased excreting capacity of the
      kidneys is attributed to an increased consumption of the natriuretic factor by
      four kidneys.

PMID- 382742
TI  - Biphasic endotoxin fever in the newborn rabbit.
AB  - Rabbits aged 6-10 days responded to 20 or 50 microgram/kg i. p. or i. v. E. coli
      endotoxin with characteristic biphasic fever, whereas 0-3-day-old rabbits reacted
      with monophasic fever which coincided with the first-phase rise of the older
      group. In the rabbit, the mechanisms responsible for the first-phase and the
      second-phase febrile temperature rises appear separately in ontogenesis in the
      first week of extrauterine life.

PMID- 382743
TI  - Structural aspects of the permeability of the microvascular endothelium.
AB  - This article reviews recent findings and current views concerning the structural
      aspects of microvascular permeability. The vascular endothelium is considered as
      a simple squamous epithelium which has acquired a remarkably high permeability to
      water and water soluble solutes (including macromolecules) through a
      characteristic process of differentiation of its cells. In terms of cellular
      structures, this differentiation involves an unusually large population of
      plasmalemmal vesicles. The evidence so far obtained indicates that these vesicles
      function as (1) mass-carriers of fluid and solutes across the endothelium and as
      (2) generators of transendothelial channels by concomitant fusion (followed by
      fission) with both domains (luminal and tissular) of the plasmalemma. The
      endothelial fenestrae of visceral capillaries are initially transendothelial
      channels subsequently collapsed to minimal length. The intercellular junctions of
      the endothelium are not detectably permeable to tracers of diam. greater than or
      equal to 18--20 A in capillaries, but are focally open to probes of 50--60 A
      diam. in postcapillary (pericytic) venules. A correlation is attempted between
      transendothelial channels (and fenestrae) and the pore systems postulated by the
      pore theory of capillary permeability. The channels appear to function as either
      small or large pores depending on the porosity of their associated diaphragms and
      on the size of local strictures along their pathway. Two main components are
      recognized in the analysis of capillary permeability: 1) a basic component
      comparable to that of other simple epithelia and involving transport across the
      plasmalemma and probably along the intercellular junctions (for molecules of
      diam. greater than or equal to 10 A); and a differentiated component which
      involves plasmalemmal vesicles and their derivatives (transendothelial channels
      and fenestrae). The postulated pores of the capillary endothelium are part of
      this differentiated component. The special situation found in postcapillary
      venules (focally open junctions) seems to be related to the role played by these
      vessels in inflammatory reactions.

PMID- 382744
TI  - Combined intravital microscopy and electron microscopy of the blind beginnings of
      the mesenteric lymphatic capillaries of the rat mesentery. A preliminary report.
AB  - The blind beginnings (so-called terminal lymphatics) of the mesenteric lymphatic
      capillaries have been studied in the rat mesentery by means of intravital
      microscopy and electron microscopy. Intraluminal objects were observed to move
      slowly downstream, probably carried by the movement of the lymphatic fluid. No
      simultaneous changes in capillary lumen could be observed, and the subsequent
      electron microscope analysis of the same lymphatic capillary demonstrated the
      absence of smooth muscle cells in the wall of the lymphatic vessel.
      Interendothelial gaps were present, allowing the uptake of interstitial fluid
      into the blind ending of the lymphatic capillary.

PMID- 382745
TI  - The investigation of capillary permeability in single vessels.
AB  - Measurements of filtration coefficients (Lp) and osmotic reflexion coefficients
      (sigma) of single capillaries in the frog mesentery suggest that fluid flows
      through the walls of these vessels in two types of channel. One channel type
      (representing about 10% of Lp) appears to be exclusively available for water
      whereas the other channels appear available for both water and hydrophilic
      solutes though they severely restrict the passage of albumin (sigma = 0.81). The
      effects of proteins in the perfusate upon Lp and studies on the passage of
      ferritin into the surface vesicles of the endothelial cells, suggest that an
      important component of capillary permeability may reside in an endocapillary
      layer.

PMID- 382746
TI  - Permeability of single capillaries compared with results from whole-organ
      studies.
AB  - There are now two experimental approaches to capillary permeability: whole-organ
      studies and single-capillary experiments. It is not possible to obtain
      permeability coefficients in the true sense of the word from whole-organ
      experiments since the capillary surface area is unknown. Other limitations of
      whole-organ approaches are discussed. Results from 'osmotic transient'
      experiments are compared with those from 'indicator diffusion' experiments.
      'Osmotic transient' experiments give higher values for capillary diffusion
      capacity than 'indicator diffusion' experiments. Reasonable agreement is obtained
      when the reflection coefficient is taken into account. Thus far, single-capillary
      experiments have only provided results from capillaries in the frog mesentery,
      where the potassium permeability was about 70 X 10(-5) cm . sec-1, or 10 times
      the value from whole-organ experiments on muscle. The discrepancy may reflect
      true differences between capillaries in the two tissues or may be caused by
      methodological limitations. There is a need for comparative studies of
      permeability with the whole-organ and the single-capillary technique applied to
      the same tissue.

PMID- 382747
TI  - Relation of capillary morphology to transport of fluid and large molecules: a
      review.
AB  - Transport characteristics of endothelial cell membranes, cytoplasmic vesicles,
      intercellular junctions (small pores and large pores) and fenestrae are presented
      in terms of appropriate models. Morphological differences of capillaries in
      different vascular beds are compared with physiological differences in
      permeability to water, small molecules and large molecules, and the correlation
      of morphologically defined and physiologically defined pathways is analyzed.

PMID- 382748
TI  - The discovery of the lymphatic circulation.

PMID- 382750
TI  - Comparison of sulpiride and chlorpromazine in psychoses. A double-blind
      multicentre study.
AB  - In a material of 71 patients admitted because of acute or chronic psychoses, 32
      were treated with sulpiride (up to 1,800 mg per day) and 39 with chlorpromazine
      (up to 675 mg). Duration of treatment was from 4 to 8 weeks. The effect of the
      two preparations was very similar as were the type and frequency of side effects,
      except that sulpiride did not cause sunrash.

PMID- 382749
TI  - Microvascular transport of macromolecules in normal and inflammatory conditions.

PMID- 382751
TI  - Serum calcitonin after renal transplantation.
AB  - A prospective study of serum calcitonin was made in 9 patients with chronic renal
      failure. The patients received a well-functioning renal transplant. At the time
      of transplantation serum calcitonin was significantly elevated as compared with
      the serum concentration in normal controls. During the first 3--5 weeks after
      renal transplantation serum calcitonin decreased. Afterwards it increased to a
      level of the same magnitude as the initial value. A significant relationship was
      found between serum calcitonin and serum phosphorus, whereas no significant
      correlation was present between serum calcitonin and serum creatinine or between
      serum calcitonin and serum calcium.

PMID- 382752
TI  - Tuberculosis and kidney transplantation.
AB  - Immunosuppressive treatment enhances the risk of pulmonary and other infections.
      Tuberculosis is a predictable complication in transplanted patients. The present
      material comprises 584 kidney transplantation patients, ten of whom had had a
      previous history of tuberculosis. After transplantation ten patients presented
      with pulmonary tuberculosis during immunosuppressive treatment. One of the
      patients to whom no prophylactic antituberculous treatment had been given
      presented with a relapsing tuberculosis. The results of routine antituberculous
      treatment were excellent, but graft and patient survival were disappointing among
      the tuberculosis patients.

PMID- 382753
TI  - Serum ferritin during infection. A longitudinal study in renal transplant
      patients.
AB  - In order to follow the dynamics in the reaction of iron kinetic variables to
      acute infection, 8 renal transplantation patients were followed with test samples
      every second or third day for about two months. It was found that they just as
      previously shown in otherwise healthy subjects, responded to acute infection with
      a rise in serum ferritin levels, sometimes to very high values. In most cases the
      ferritin elevation started within two days after the onset of fever. The peak was
      reached within a week, except when very high values were obtained. The fall in
      serum ferritin after recovery from infection was much faster than in previously
      investigated groups of patients: the plasma half disappearance time for ferritin
      in one case was but 1.5 days. Transferrin did not change in response to
      infection. The expected fall in serum iron during infection was often absent and
      sometimes obscured by unexpected, sharp peaks in serum iron, which bore a
      temporal relationship to episodes of transplant rejection in 7 of 12 cases.

PMID- 382755
TI  - Immunofluorescent studies on Candida albicans.
AB  - The indirect immunofluorescent titres of Candida albicans 0656 CBS hyperimmune
      rabbit serum were investigated against C. albicans antigens prepared from strains
      originating from mucous membranes of healthy persons and patients with thrush.
      Using pathogenic strains as antigens, a definitely strong fluorescent reaction
      was obtained with hyperimmune rabbit serum in a dilution of 1 : 2500. In the case
      of apathogenic strains the fluorescent reaction was either very weak or negative
      in a dilution of 1 : 2000. Absorption studies also seemed to reveal a difference
      in reactivity between pathogenic and apathogenic strains. Hyperimmune rabbit
      serum absorbed with apathogenic C. albicans strains showed a positive fluorescent
      reaction only with pathogenic ones as antigens. In the opposite case a negative
      reaction was obtained.

PMID- 382754
TI  - Replication of ovine adenoviruses.
AB  - The replication of ovine adenoviruses shows intertypic and intratypic variations,
      e.g. the extracellular and intracellular virus yield of ORT/111, a strain related
      to bovine adenovirus type 2, reached its peak 40 to 46 hr postinfection, in
      contrast to GY/14, a strain classified as ovine adenovirus type 1, which required
      52 to 58 hr to reach the highest yield. The replication cycle was not appreciably
      influenced either by rolling of the tube cultures or the age (between 0 and 7
      days) of the supporting ovine cell culture. All the strains under study
      replicated at 40 degree C more rapidly than at 34 degree C or 37 degree C. There
      was some intratypic variation in the replication of strains at different
      temperatures. Ovine adenoviruses replicated well after three consecutive passages
      in cultured lamb testicle or secondary heterologous cells such as calf kidney,
      calf testicle or pig kidney cell cultures as well as the MDBK cell line and a
      cell line from the calf trachea. The tissue spectra of strains showed intratypic
      variations. As examined by direct immunofluorescence, fluorescing adenovirus
      antigen appeared first at 8 hr postinfection and wharacter of fluorescence are
      described.

PMID- 382757
TI  - Mouse lung oedema caused by a toxic substance of Escherichia coli strains.
AB  - Some Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients and instilled into the
      nostrils of mice cause a rapidly developing fatal, haemorrhagic lung oedema. Lung
      toxic strains were found in different serogroups, with the predominance of 04,
      06, and 018. The toxic material seems to be bound to the cells; the toxin yield
      is poor by different methods of extraction. The toxic principle causes toxic,
      haemorrhagic oedema in mouse foot pad test and shows cytotoxicity for AV-3 cells.
      The "lung toxin" is heat labile and after Sephadex fractionation has a molecular
      weight of about 100 000 dalton. There is a possible identity with a toxic
      haemolysin.

PMID- 382756
TI  - Inhibitory and mutagenic effects of sodium nitroprusside and its adenine complex
      on Escherichia coli.
AB  - Sodium nitroprusside and its adenine complex were found to decrease the growth
      rate of exponentially growing Escherichia coli cultures, and the adenine complex
      to exert in addition a bactericidal effect. In mutation experiments the latter
      compound failed to induce base-pair substitutions in the E. coli strains tested
      but the results do not allow to exclude other mutagenic mechanisms.

PMID- 382758
TI  - Enterotoxin production by Shigella flexneri type 2A, strain no. M42-43.
AB  - Enterotoxin produced by Shigella flexneri type 2a, strain M42-43, is similar to
      "Shig-like" cytotoxic enterotoxin and shares common features with that of other
      S. flexneri strains. On the basis of molecular filtration and neutralization
      experiments it is suggested that the same molecule carries these biological
      characters.

PMID- 382759
TI  - A cytoarchitectonic scheme for the spinal cord of the domestic fowl, Gallus
      gallus domesticus: lumbar region.
AB  - In Nissl stained and silver impregnated transverse sections of the chick spinal
      cord it is possible to subdivide the gray matter of the lumbar region into ten
      cytoarchitectonically discrete regions or laminae. The laminae are basically
      similar in both brachial and lumbar regions of the chick cord, with minor
      exceptions in the dorsal horn. The laminar scheme postulated for the chick cord
      is , with the exception of the glycogen body and orientation of laminae 1, 2 and
      3 in the dorsal horn, similar to the laminar scheme proposed by Rexed (1954) for
      the cat.

PMID- 382760
TI  - Raul Carrea, 1917--1978.

PMID- 382761
TI  - [Schizophrenia and its treatment].

PMID- 382763
TI  - [List of academicians].

PMID- 382762
TI  - [Controlled study on the possibilities of L-dopa in the residual extrapyramidal
      syndrome caused by neuroleptics].

PMID- 382764
TI  - [Statistic evaluation of a multicentric test with halcinonide].

PMID- 382765
TI  - Nicotine-containing chewing gum in smoking cessation: a double blind trial with
      half year follow-up.

PMID- 382766
TI  - [Manipulation of alginates in impression taking].

PMID- 382767
TI  - [Histological study to evaluate structural elements of healthy and carious
      dentin].

PMID- 382768
TI  - Estimating "in vivo" the turnover rate of brain enkephalins.

PMID- 382769
TI  - Chemistry of beta-endorphin.

PMID- 382770
TI  - Neurobiology and neuropharmacology of the enkephalins.

PMID- 382771
TI  - Endorphin-opiate interactions with neuroendocrine systems.

PMID- 382772
TI  - Opiate interactions with cholinergic neurons.

PMID- 382773
TI  - Roles of serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid in opioid effects.

PMID- 382774
TI  - On the use of operant behavior to study the neuropsychopharmacology of opiates
      with special reference to morphine and its relationship to dopamine in the
      central nervous system.

PMID- 382775
TI  - Effect of opiates on macromolecule biosynthesis.

PMID- 382776
TI  - Retrodifferentiation and the fetal patterns of gene expression in cancer.

PMID- 382777
TI  - Role of selenium in the chemoprevention of cancer.

PMID- 382778
TI  - Suppressor cells: permitters and promoters of malignancy?

PMID- 382779
TI  - Do behaviorally active polypeptide hormones act at crucial "command" sites or at
      many sites, from "command" down to "final common paths"?

PMID- 382780
TI  - Acetylcholine receptor-enriched membranes from Torpedo marmorata electroplax,
      prepared by liquid partitioning.

PMID- 382781
TI  - Properties of Torpedo californica acetylcholine receptor.

PMID- 382782
TI  - Toxin interactions with glycoconjugates.

PMID- 382783
TI  - Acetylcholine receptors in and out of membranes.

PMID- 382784
TI  - Structural and functional properties of the acetylcholine regulator.

PMID- 382785
TI  - Biochemical studies on the ionic channel of Torpedo acetylcholine receptor.
AB  - 1. [3H]H12-HTX binding to Torpedo electric organ membranes is saturable and
      inhibited by ligands that modulate EPCs. There is a small proportion of
      nonspecific binding to the membrane. 2. The validity of utilizing [3H]H12-HTX as
      a specific label for the ionic channel of the nicotinic receptor is extablished
      by the good correlation between the potency of HTX analogues in reducing EPC
      amplitudes and their inhibition of [3H]H12-HTX binding. 3. Receptor drugs and
      toxins inhibit [3H]ACh binding to the ACh receptor, but do not inhibit
      significantly [3h]h12-htx binding to the ionic channel at similar concentrations.
      4. Various drugs and toxins with different modes of action modulate EPCs and
      inhibit [3H]H12-HTX binding to the ionic channel of the nicotinic receptor. Most
      such drugs and toxins, at similar concentrations, do not inhibit [3H]ACh binding
      to the ACh receptor, but some do, such as quinacrine and TEA. 5. The ionic
      channel of the nicotinic receptor is a protein which is solubilized by cholate
      and retains its affinity for H12-HTX as well as its drug sensitivity. 6. The ACh
      receptor is separated from its ionic channel, and different conditions affect the
      proportion of separated molecules.

PMID- 382786
TI  - Neurotoxins and the ganglionic (C6) type of nicotinic receptor.

PMID- 382787
TI  - Pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis as a disorder of acetylcholine receptors.

PMID- 382788
TI  - Postsynapic membrane of Torpedo electroplax: acetylcholine receptor localization
      and its use as a tool in the study of cellular immuninty in myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 382789
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of action of botulinum toxin.

PMID- 382790
TI  - Immunochemical analysis of acetylcholine receptor and its relevance to specific
      treatment of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 382792
TI  - Sea anemone toxins: tools in the study of excitable membranes.

PMID- 382791
TI  - Scorpion toxins: chemistry and mode of action.

PMID- 382793
TI  - Interaction of neurotoxins with the selectivity filter and the gating system of
      the sodium channel.

PMID- 382794
TI  - Application of specifically acting toxins to the detection of functional
      components common to peripheral and central synapses.

PMID- 382795
TI  - Cholera toxin action in the central nervous system: effects on serotonin
      metabolism.

PMID- 382796
TI  - Presynaptic action of snake venom neurotoxins on cholinergic systems.

PMID- 382797
TI  - New experimental antimalarial drugs.

PMID- 382798
TI  - Diethylcarbamazine and new compounds for the treatment of filariasis.

PMID- 382799
TI  - Magnetically responsive microspheres and other carriers for the biophysical
      targeting of antitumor agents.

PMID- 382800
TI  - cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II): a metal complex with significant anticancer
      activity.

PMID- 382801
TI  - Resistance of animal helminths to anthelmintics.

PMID- 382803
TI  - Inhibition of pepsin secretion by metiamide and atropine in the conscious rat.
AB  - The inhibition of pepsin secretion by metiamide and atropine has been studied in
      the gastric fistula rat and the Heidenhain pouch rat. A comparison of the
      effectiveness of metiamide and atropine in inhibiting pepsin secretion was made
      by using doses of the antagonists which produced a similar level of inhibition of
      acid secretion. In the gastric fistula rat both atropine and metiamide inhibited
      the basal pepsin output, but atropine was more effective than metiamide in this
      respect. In the Heidenhain pouch rat a large dose of metiamide which inhibited
      bethanechol-stimulated acid secretion had no significant effect on the
      corresponding output of pepsin. In this preparation atropine inhibited both acid
      and pepsin secretion. Possible reasons for the differences in the two
      preparations are discussed.

PMID- 382802
TI  - FPL 55712 -- an antagonist of slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A): a
      review.

PMID- 382804
TI  - The pharmacological consequences of the binding of anti-rheumatic drugs to plasma
      proteins in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Evidence is presented that rheumatoid arthritis is a disease resulting from
      abnormal protein binding and that anti-rheumatic drugs act by correcting the
      abnormal binding.

PMID- 382805
TI  - The adaptation of cardiovascular system to exercise and training in healthy
      subjects and in heart disease.

PMID- 382806
TI  - Studies of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase production by Escherichia coli
      strains isolated from pigs.

PMID- 382807
TI  - Survival times of bacteria in liquid manure.

PMID- 382808
TI  - Developmental Disabilities Act: an historic perspective part 2.

PMID- 382809
TI  - Briefly: corrective therapy personnel statistical survey in the Veterans
      Administration.

PMID- 382811
TI  - The heart as a muscle--pump system and the concept of heart failure.

PMID- 382812
TI  - The pathology of cardiomyopathies. A critical analysis.

PMID- 382813
TI  - Who shall live? The tribulations of clinical trials.

PMID- 382810
TI  - Maladie du Roger 1879: a new translation for the centenary.
AB  - A new translation of Roger's description of the clinical and anatomical findings
      in uncomplicated small VSD is presented. Reappraisal of Roger's observations in
      the light of our present understanding confirms that only our attitudes change;
      diseases remain the same.

PMID- 382814
TI  - Hepatitis B vaccine trials see clear leader in Merck.

PMID- 382815
TI  - The federal pharmacy: a half-century of permanence.

PMID- 382816
TI  - The trial pharmacist.

PMID- 382817
TI  - Beatrice Adreon, present-day pioneer.

PMID- 382818
TI  - Recognizing true professional practice.

PMID- 382820
TI  - William Inge.

PMID- 382819
TI  - Vaslav Nijinsky: genius and schizophrenic.

PMID- 382821
TI  - Effective treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias with acebutolol.
AB  - To evaluate the antiarrhythmic efficacy of the new beta adrenergic blocking agent
      acebutolol, 15 monitored patients with supraventricular arrhythmias received, in
      double-blind fashion, an intravenous infusion of either acebutolol or saline
      solution after a control period. Patients treated with saline solution
      demonstrated no change (P greater than 0.05) in heart rate or arterial blood
      pressure or conversion to sinus rhythm. After administration of acebutolol,
      significant (P less than 0.05) reductions in heart rate were noted at 5 minutes.
      Peak reduction occurred at 10 to 30 minutes and correlated with maximal
      acebutolol plasma concentrations, antiarrhythmic activity persisted for 24 hours.
      Mild reductions in systolic blood pressure were observed in the majority of
      patients. Two patients with atrial fibrillation and one with multifocal atrial
      tachycardia had conversion to sinus rhythm. Frequent premature atrial complexes
      noted in one patient were greatly suppressed after administration of the drug. In
      the nine patients with clinical evidence of chronic obstructive lung disease
      acebutolol was well tolerated. Adverse reactions were limited to transient
      dyspnea in one patient with prior heart failure and a decrease in systolic blood
      pressure to less than 90 mm Hg in three patients who remained asymptomatic. In
      the patients studied, acebutolol was an effective agent for the treatment of
      supraventricular arrhythmias and appeared to be of special value in those with
      chronic obstructive lung disease.

PMID- 382822
TI  - Management of vasospastic angina at rest with continuous infusion of isosorbide
      dinitrate. A double crossover study in a coronary care unit.

PMID- 382824
TI  - Innominate aterial arteriovenous fistula complicating retrograde brachial
      arterial catheterization.
AB  - Arteriovenous fistula of the innominate artery occurred in a patient 3 weeks
      after retrograde brachial arterial catheterization was performed 1 day before
      aortocoronary bypass surgery. Intramural dissection was noted at catheterization,
      and a mediastinal hematoma at operation. Exploration of the hematoma in the
      course of catheterization might have prevented the arteriovenous fistula, which
      necessitated a second operation 3 weeks after the first. To our knowlege this
      complication of retrograde brachial catheterization has not previously been
      described. We recommend that known injuries to cervical or thoracic arteries
      occurring just before operations requiring extracorporeal circulation be explored
      to prevent late complications. Recent injuries to the cervical and thoracic
      arteries that are not acessible to external compression should be exposed and
      treated during sternotomy to prevent late complications if heparinization is
      contemplated.

PMID- 382823
TI  - Trends in cardiovascular surgery (1961 to 1977): review of the New York City and
      State experience.

PMID- 382825
TI  - Hypnotic age regression and cognitive perceptual tasks.

PMID- 382826
TI  - Lupus nephritis. Electron-dense and immunofluorescent deposits and their
      correlation with proteinuria and renal function.
AB  - Thirteen patients who had systemic lupus erythematosus were studied for the
      purpose of correlating the findings of light and electron microscopy and
      immunofluorescent studies with renal function and the presence of proteinuria.
      Subendothelial deposits of electron-dense material were found in all biopsy
      specimens, whereas mesangial and subepithelial deposits were not always present.
      IgG and beta 1c were constant findings in the glomerular membrane. The seven
      patients who were found to have extensive subendothelial deposits had moderate to
      massive proteinuria, and four of these patients had decreases in renal function.
      Most of the patients who had smaller subendothelial deposits had slight or
      insignificant proteinuria. Massive subendothelial deposits were mainly found in
      specimens showing histologic evidence of active lesions. Correlation was also
      found between proteinuria and the overall amount of deposits and their
      distribution. The prognosis was dependent on the severity of subendothelial
      deposits, the overall amount of deposits, and the morphologic form of lupus
      nephropathy.

PMID- 382827
TI  - Assay for yeast susceptibility to 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B in a frozen
      microtiter system.
AB  - A microtiter plate method for determining susceptibility of yeasts to 5
      fluorocytosine and amphotericin B, which uses color indicators to detect end
      points, is presented. The microtiter plates can be made in advance and stored
      frozen for at least eight weeks. Forty-two isolates of Candida albicans, 12 of
      Candida tropicalis, and nine of Torulopsis glabrata were tested. Results showed
      good correlation with turbidity tube dilution susceptibility testing methods. The
      microtiter method is stable, easy to use, accurate, and reproducible. Studies
      with four strains of Cryptococcus neoformans showed that the organism could not
      be tested by this method because growth was slow and there was insufficient acid
      production.

PMID- 382828
TI  - Evaluation of ten anaerobic blood culture media.
AB  - Selection of an anaerobic blood culture based upon clinical findings that have
      compared the isolation rates of bacteremic agents from different blood culture
      media. No agreement has been reached as to which of the commercially available
      blood culture media is optimal for detection of bacteremia. The purpose of this
      study was to determine the rates of recovery of anaerobic microorganisms from
      various anaerobic blood culture media. The blood culture media were inoculated
      with a small inoculum of microorganisms in the presence or absence of an
      erythrocyte-serum mixture. The results demonstrated that the type of medium and
      the erythrocyte-serum mixture influenced the ability of blood culture media to
      support the growth of microorganisms. The majority of the media failed to support
      the growth of 87% or more of the microorganisms within four days after
      inoculation. Pre-reduced brain-heart infusion broth supported the growth of a
      larger proportion of microorganisms than the other types of blood culture media.

PMID- 382829
TI  - Detection by counterimmunoelectrophoresis of anti-Candida precipitins in sera
      from cancer patients.
AB  - Five antigen preparations from yeast-phase cells and hyphalphase cells of Candida
      albicans were used to detect antibodies in sera from cancer patients by use of
      counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE). Sera from uninfected patients, patients with
      superficial infections, and patients who had invasive or systemic candidiasis
      were analyzed for antibodies. A high incidence (27%) of false-negative data was
      obtained for patients who had systemic candidiasis. Serum titers of all patient
      groups were below 1:10. Of the antigens tested, cytoplasmic antigen from yeast
      phase cells provided the greatest sensitivity and diagnostic value.

PMID- 382830
TI  - Comparison of two slide tests for detection of group A streptococcal antibodies.
AB  - Screening sera for streptococcal antibodies is a useful clinical procedure when
      recent streptococcal infection requires verification. Presently there are two
      test kits available that detect five (or more) of the antibodies that may be
      present. These two screening tests were compared using antistreptolysin O (ASO)
      and antideoxyribonuclease B (ADB) titers as the reference for true streptococcal
      infection. All four procedures were performed on 69 sera collected from a
      pediatric population. Both screening tests were found to be sensitive, specific,
      economical, and easy to perform; however, both were more sensitive to elevated
      ASO titers than to elevated ADB titers. In certain clinical situations,
      therefore, antibody titrations may be necessary to document completely recent
      streptococcal infection.

PMID- 382833
TI  - James A. Harshman, M.D.

PMID- 382832
TI  - In memoriam: Edward A. Gall, M.D.

PMID- 382834
TI  - Coordinated computer reporting of microbiology data in the clinical laboratory.
AB  - The details of incorporating microbiology results into a single computerized
      report that also includes all other laboratory results for each patient in the
      hospital are described. Including the microbiology results in this way allows
      provision of a consolidated flow sheet of all laboratory work on each chart,
      replacing the myriad single-sheet reports so common to manual systems. The
      results are tabulated, and are easily read by clinicians after some experience.
      This system also enables communication of updated results daily to clinicians and
      monitoring of infectious diseases in the hospital.

PMID- 382831
TI  - Reliability of immunofluorescence of renal tissue obtained at autopsy.
AB  - A retrospective study of kidney tissues accessioned in the Department of
      Immunopathology was undertaken to determine the reliability of the direct
      immunofluorescence technic applied to necropsy tissues. Of 72 accessioned
      specimens, 27 were positive and showed a spectrum of immunomicroscopic patterns
      corresponding to different renal diseases. Only two patients whose specimens were
      negative by immunofluorescence had shown any clinical or light microscopic
      evidence of active glomerular disease. Periods from death to autopsy ranged from
      one to 20 hours. Positive fluorescence was found in tissues obtained as long as
      20 hours after death. These findings suggest that immunofluorescent studies of
      autopsy-derived renal tissue yield acceptable results.

PMID- 382835
TI  - A rapid staphylococcal coagglutination technic to differentiate group A from
      other streptococcal groups.
AB  - A rapid staphylococcal coagglutination technic for differentiating group A from
      other streptococcal groups properly classified 500 isolates of beta-hemolytic
      streptococci when compared with the results of a reference capillary precipitin
      test. Presumptive classification of the same 500 isolates by bacitracin
      susceptibility produced a significant number of incorrect identifications. The
      findings further document the inherent inaccuracy of the bacitracin
      susceptibility test and suggest that the staphylococcal coagglutination technic
      may be a simple, accurate, inexpensive alternative for identification of group A
      streptococci.

PMID- 382836
TI  - Group B streptococcal sepsis with osteomyelitis and arthritis. Its occurrence
      with acute heart failure.
AB  - In a 20-day-old female infant, bacteremia, osteomyelitis, and pyogenic arthritis
      developed due to infection with group B streptococcus, type Ic. She had an
      unusual clinical presentation with overwhelming sepsis and acute congestive heart
      failure.

PMID- 382837
TI  - Group B streptococcal osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. Its occurrence in
      infants less than 2 months old.
AB  - Nine infants less than 2 months of age with group B streptococcal (GBS)
      osteomyelitis or septic arthritis, or both, were seen from January 1975 through
      January 1978. The infants had local joint signs, usually in the absence of
      systemic signs. The bones and joints involved were equally distributed between
      proximal humerus and proximal and distal femur. An infant had involvement of the
      talus. Treatment consisted of two to three weeks of parenteral antibiotics,
      arthrotomy in infants with arthritis, and bone decompression in infants with
      osteomyelitis. Clinical follow-up showed normal growth and function of the
      affected joint. Of the organisms, five were typed: four were type III and one was
      type Ib. Group B streptococcal osteomyelitis and/or septic arthritis was the
      second most common late-onset GSB infection, being surpassed only by meningitis.

PMID- 382838
TI  - Neonatal lung abscess. A report of six cases.
AB  - Six infants 8 weeks of age or younger had lung abscesses treated in our medical
      center during the 20-year period of from 1957 to 1977. The duration of symptoms
      prior to diagnosis, the etiologic organisms, and the therapeutic approach differ
      from those in older children and adults. The pathogenic organisms were
      Escherichia coli, group B streptococcus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, initial
      therapy with a penicillin and an aminoglycoside are indicated until
      identification and susceptibility results are available on the organism isolated
      from the abscess cavity. Previously undiagnosed cystic malformations of the lung
      were seen in two of the six patients. Surgical intervention is usually required
      in this age group.

PMID- 382839
TI  - Epidemiologic survey of sylvatic plague by serotesting coyote sentinels with
      enzyme immunoassay.
AB  - The geographic distribution and areas of high sylvatic plague activity in
      California were verified by using coyotes (Canis latrans) as sentinel animals.
      Antibody levels against Yersinia pestis were tested using the enzyme-labelled
      antibody (ELA) test and the microtiter passive hemagglutination and
      hemagglutination inhibition. A survey using the ELA test indicated that the
      overall antibody prevalence among 143 coyotes was 21%. By geographic regions, the
      highest antibody prevalence was 27% among coyotes from mountain areas on the
      northern and eastern borders of the state. This was followed by 19% in the
      central coastal area and 12% in the central valley. Areas with a high prevalence
      of seropositive coyotes or high antibody levels in individual coyotes matched the
      four areas of human plague exposures reported in 1977 and 1978. These areas
      included the central Sierra mountains adjacent to Lake Tahoe, southeastern Kern
      County, the central coastal area and Scott Valley near the Oregon border. The ELA
      test appears to be a promising tool for future epidemiologic studies of plague.

PMID- 382840
TI  - Sickle cell anemia as a syndrome: a review of diagnostic features.
AB  - Sickle cell (SS) disease is a complex of various genetic conditions. In some,
      homozygosity for the beta S gene may be present alone or in combination with the
      heterozygous or homozygous alpha-thalassemia-2 condition. Such combinations might
      ameliorate the clinical and hematological condition of the patient. The same may
      be true for the high levels of Hb F and F-cells observed in many Hb S
      homozygotes. Howeever, the chemical heterogeneity of Hb F appears not to be
      related to the clinical status of the Hb S homozygote. Combinations of a Hb S
      heterozygosity with a heterozygosity for a Hb D-type of variant, for either one
      of two types of beta-thalassemia, two types of alpha beta- thalassemia, and five
      types of HPFH are discussed, and data are compared with those obtained for Hb S
      homozygotes. The use of advanced laboratory procedures and family studies is
      often necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

PMID- 382841
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
AB  - The mechanism of action, antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacokinetic properties, drug
      interactions, adverse reactions and therapeutic uses of trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole, a combination enzyme-specific inhibitor of bacterial folate
      synthesis, are reviewed. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole currently is approved by
      the FDA for the therapy of established recurrent bacterial urinary tract
      infections, pneumocystosis, otitis media in children and shigellosis. Claimed
      advantages of the drug are synergistic activity, bactericidal activity and
      ability to decrease the rate of emergence of resistance to the individual
      components. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is the drug of choice for treatment of
      pneumocystosis and an acceptable oral therapy for recurrent urinary tract
      infections caused by susceptible bacteria. In children with otitis media, it is
      used as an alternative to ampicillin and amoxicillin and is preferred when these
      patients are penicillin-sensitive or when the infection is caused by beta
      lactamase-producing Haemophilus influenzae. Hematologic reactions (anemia,
      thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia, agranulocytosis) to trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole occur rarely. Gastrointestinal intolerance and skin eruptions
      are the most prevalent adverse reactions. Most untoward reactions to trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole develop within two weeks of onset of therapy, and their
      incidence compares favorably with that of standard agents administered for the
      same indications.

PMID- 382842
TI  - Clonidine overdose: a review.
AB  - The pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of clonidine and the symptoms and treatment
      of acute clinidine overdosage are reviewed. Clonidine, a relatively safe and
      effective antihypertensive agent when used at therapeutic dosages, reduces blood
      pressure through a centrally mediated reduction in vasomotor tone. The primary
      symptoms of clonidine overdosage are central nervous system depression,
      bradycardia, hypotension, miosis, hypotonia, respiratory depression and possibly
      seizures. Gastric lavage followed by administration of activated charcoal is used
      to decrease absorption following acute oral ingestion. Intravenous fluid therapy
      and dopamine infusion are recommended for severe hypotension, and atropine
      sulfate is used to manage persistent bradycardia. Treatment of hypotension with
      alpha-adrenergic blocking agents (e.g., tolazoline) is not recommended unless
      patients fail to respond to dopamine infusion and administration of i.v. fluids.

PMID- 382843
TI  - Drug interaction exposures in an ambulatory Medicaid population.
AB  - The incidence of selected potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in a population
      of ambulatory patients was studied using data extracted from the automated
      records of Medicaid drug benefit programs. The system to extract DDI data was
      devised to assist peer review committees in drug use review. The system yields
      two types of reports: (1) individual patient profiles and (2) summary reports of
      all potential DDIs detected within the Medicaid population being reviewed.
      Potential drug interactions are classified as major, moderate or minor and by
      route of drug administration. Three months of drug claims from two Medicaid
      programs were reviewed for potential DDIs involving digitalis preparations,
      antihypertensive agents (rescinnamine, deserpidine, guanethidine, methyldopa,
      reserpine, Rauwolfia serpentina extracts) and coumarin anticoagulants. The
      overall incidence of potential DDI exposures for the three classes was 2.7%,
      based on drug profiles of 333,641 patients. DDI exposure monitoring can be a
      useful tool in acquiring further knowledge of DDIs occurring in ambulatory
      patients.

PMID- 382844
TI  - ASHP Board of Directors, councils and committees--1979--1980.

PMID- 382845
TI  - Officers of ASHP affiliated state chapters.

PMID- 382846
TI  - Musculoskeletal symptoms after jejunoileal shunt surgery for intractable obesity.
      Clinical and immunologic studies.

PMID- 382847
TI  - The role of mucociliary dysfunction in bronchial asthma.
AB  - Abnormalities of mucociliary function in the airways of patients with bronchial
      asthma are suggested by the clinical observation of excessive tracheobronchial
      secretions which are difficult to expectorate and may contribute to bronchial
      obstruction. Pathologic and functional studies in animals and patients have
      demonstrated an impairment of mucociliary transport mechanisms, but the
      pathogenesis of this abnormality is still poorly understood. In patients with
      allergic asthma, the elaboration of chemical mediators in the lung seems to
      depress mucociliary function. Although pharmacologic agents which increase mucous
      transport rates have been identified, more potent stimulators will probably be
      needed to produce a clinical improvement in patients with bronchial asthma.

PMID- 382848
TI  - Rapid in vitro capsule production by cryptococci.
AB  - Four agar media (blood, corn meal, chocolate, and Sabouraud's) and four liquid
      media (brain-heart infusion broth, one percent peptone broth, pooled human serum,
      and lyophilized rabbit coagulase plasma) were evaluated for their ability to
      enhance the production of capsules from four strains of Cryptococcus yeast within
      48 hours at 25C and 35C. The yeast in serum and plasma was washed with distilled
      water prior to India ink preparation in order to prevent precipitation of the
      ink. The rabbit coagulase plasma was the only medium which consistently produced
      large capsules in 48 hours. Incubation temperatures and anticoagulant made little
      difference.

PMID- 382849
TI  - Lymphocytic leukemia: a review of recent literature.

PMID- 382850
TI  - Quality laboratory service and cost containment: are the two incompatible.

PMID- 382851
TI  - A five-hour system for identification of bacteria.
AB  - A five-hour protocol was compared with routine methods for identification and
      antibiotic susceptibility determination of bacteria from clinical specimens. A
      total of 9551 urine, wound, sputum, and throat cultures were processed using both
      procedures. The identifications reported less than 24 hours after the laboratory
      received the specimen were comparable to those obtained by routine methods for 87
      to 95 percent of the Enterobacteriaceae, 90 percent of the staphylococci and
      enterococci, but less than 50 percent of the unusual species such as Providencia,
      P. maltophilia, or Acinetobacter. Susceptibility test results were reported after
      five hours' incubation for 97 percent of all stains examined except for P.
      aeruginosa where early results were obtained for only 71 percent of the strains.
      This protocol allows bacteriologic identification and antibiotic susceptibility
      determination within 24 hours of specimen receipt; therefore, appropriate
      antibacterial therapy for the patient's immediate needs can be started in a
      shortened period.

PMID- 382852
TI  - The laboratory diagnosis of congenital syphilis: a review.
AB  - The serodiagnosis of congenital syphilis is reviewed. Maternal history is the
      least reliable criterion for detecting congenital syphilis. A positive maternal
      history may or may not be valid; a negative maternal history does not rule out
      the possibility of congenital syphilis. Syphilis serology performed on the infant
      is a better criterion for detecting asymptomatic congenital syphilis or delayed
      onset. Serial VDRL titers on the infants are the best diagnostic tool presently
      available. A decreasing titer indicates the presence of maternally derived
      antibodies. The FTA-ABS (IgM) is still not sufficiently evaluated and
      standardized for routine clinical application.

PMID- 382853
TI  - Sib risk of anencephaly and spina bifida in British Columbia.

PMID- 382854
TI  - Bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid. VIII. Evaluation of a radiometric
      bioassay for rapid, in vitro demonstration of phosphate-sensitive bacterial
      growth inhibitor in amniotic fluid.
AB  - A radiometric bioassay based on the continuous monitoring of 14CO2 released from
      labeled glucose in the presence of amniotic fluid or amniotic fluid with added
      phosphate has been employed to detect the presence of a phosphate-sensitive
      bacterial inhibitor in amniotic fluid near term. The time required for detection
      of the inhibitory activity is approximately 12 hours, in contrast to
      approximately 36 hours required for a previously reported technique. Application
      of this radiometric bioassay to demonstrate bacterial growth inhibition by
      amniotic fluid and physicochemical properties of the inhibitory activity yielded
      results comparable to those obtained with the older method of plate counts of
      viable bacteria. By the new technique it was possible to demonstrate that the
      inhibitory activity was phosephate sensitive, heat stable, inactivated by metal
      chelation, removed by bentonite, and present in a low-molecular-weight fraction
      of amniotic fluid.

PMID- 382855
TI  - Hydramnios and the fetal lung: a selective review.

PMID- 382856
TI  - Ovulation inhibition by corpus luteum.

PMID- 382858
TI  - Year of publication of Bard's Compendium.

PMID- 382857
TI  - Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and the human menstrual cycle.
AB  - Plasma concentrations of LHRH were measured by radioimmunoassay in daily samples
      obtained from 10 normally ovulating women. The normalcy of each menstrual cycle
      was determined by measuring luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating
      hormone (FSH), total estrogen, and progesterone concentrations. Six women had
      consistently measurable immunoreactive LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) in every blood
      sample. In four, LHRH could not be detected in some of the samples, more
      frequently during the follicular phase. LHRH levels varied between 10 and 35
      pg/ml during the menstrual cycle. At midcycle, coincident with the LH surge, the
      mean LHRH level (17.6 +/- 4.4 pg/ml) was not significantly different from the
      mean follicular or luteal phase values. The lowest LHRH level, 11.4 +/- 4.6
      pg/ml, was observed on the day of the estrogen surge. A detailed evaluation was
      made of the specific days of the cycle. Blood samples obtained from an indwelling
      venous catheter every 20 minutes over a 3 or a 5 hour period during the days of
      the estrogen surge and the LH surge and on the following day showed no
      correlation between OHRH, LH, and FSH values.

PMID- 382859
TI  - The immunopathology of Mooren's ulcer.
AB  - In a 42-year-old man with bilateral severe Mooren's ulcers, results of
      immunologic studies were normal, with the exception of an in vitro blastogenic
      response of the patient's lymphocytes to corneal stroma. The histologic studies
      revealed vast numbers of vacuolated neutrophils with intracytoplasmic phagosomes
      in and about the ulcerating cornea. Although the progression of ulceration was
      initially unaltered by surgical and pharmacologic trials, systemic
      immunosuppression with methotrexate may have prevented ulceration of the lamellar
      tectonic graft.

PMID- 382860
TI  - Graft edema after suture removal.
AB  - Graft edema developed after removal of continuous monofilament sutures in six
      eyes of six patients in whom no wound dehiscence occurred. All sutures were
      removed at least one year after penetrating keratoplasty, and graft edema was
      noted one day after suture removal. In all cases, partial or total resolution of
      graft edema occurred after treatment with corticosteroids. In two of the grafts,
      the edema resolved after treatment with topical corticosteroids alone, whereas
      the remaining four grafts required the addition of systemic or subtenon
      corticosteroids, or both, for resolution. The trauma associated with suture
      removal may cause endothelial decompensation either by direct injury to the
      cornea or by a secondary iritis. To the best of our knowledge, graft edema after
      suture removal is a late complication of penetrating keratoplasty that has not
      been previously emphasized.

PMID- 382861
TI  - Color stability and stain resistance of direct-bonding orthodontic cements.

PMID- 382862
TI  - The effect of acid etching on the cervical region of the buccal surface of the
      human premolar, with special reference to direct bonding techniques.
AB  - Etching action on the cervical enamel compared to the central and incisal enamel
      of the buccal surfaces of premolars was investigated by using the scanning
      electron and optical microscopes. In SEM observations, the etched cervical enamel
      surface showed a pitted feature with no prism delineation, regardless of the
      prolonged etching time and the removal of enamel surface. The etched central and
      incisal enamel surface showed the characteristic prism-end structure. In optical
      microscopic observations, the tags formed at the cervical region were shorter and
      less numerous than those formed at the central and incisal enamel surfaces.

PMID- 382863
TI  - Presentation of the Gold Headed Cane to Arthur T. Hertig.

PMID- 382864
TI  - Acceptance of the Gold Headed Cane Award.

PMID- 382865
TI  - Fc-receptor-bearing macrophages isolated from hypersensitivity and foreign-body
      granulomas. Delineation of macrophage dynamics, fc receptor density/avidity and
      specificity.
AB  - Foreign-body and delayed hypersensitivity granulomas were induced in mice; and
      the dynamics of macrophages isolated from dispersed, 1--4-week-old lesions was
      delineated. The size and histologic complexity of the lesions increased as shown:
      adjuvant greater than schistosome egg greater than methylated bovine serum
      albumin greater than bead. Esterase staining, spreading on glass, and the
      percentage of Fc-receptor--bearing macrophages present in the various granulomas
      reflected the same gradient. The Fc receptors were examined by rosetting with
      rabbit-antibody--SRBC complex (EA). Whereas more than 90% of the population of
      macrophages of the dermal adjuvant granuloma contained undiminished numbers of
      receptor-bearing macrophages throughout the 4 weeks, the percentage of
      macrophages that displayed receptors in pulmonary foreign-body (40%) and delayed
      hypersensitivity granulomas (70%) peaked at 1 week and subsequently declined. The
      EA rosetting of the foreign-body and delayed hypersensitivity granuloma
      macrophages was strongly inhibited by monomeric IgG2a-specific and weakly by
      aggregated IgG2b-specific mouse myeloma proteins. Also, macrophages of the
      delayed hypersensitivity granulomas rosetted in higher percentages with SRBCs
      coupled with monomeric IgC2a than with those coupled with aggregated IgG2b
      myeloma proteins. Macrophages of the foreign-body lesion did not react with
      aggregated IgG2b--SRBC. Rosetting with monomeric IgG2a--SRBC or aggregated IgG2b-
      SRBC could not be cross-inhibited by the myeloma proteins. Both the monomeric
      IgG2a--SRBC and aggregated IgG2b--SRBC complexes were readily phagocytized.
      Trypsin treatment of the macrophages inhibited rosetting with EA or myeloma
      protein--coupled SRBCs. The display of Fc receptors on the granuloma macrophages
      seems to be related to the etiology of the lesion and the intensity and duration
      of the inflammatory reaction.

PMID- 382866
TI  - The tumoricidal properties of inflammatory tissue macrophages and multinucleate
      giant cells.
AB  - Peritoneal exudate cells from C3H/HeN mice infected with bacille Calmette Guerin
      (BCG) and subcutaneous inflammatory macrophages from uninfected mice exhibit
      spontaneous cytotoxicity for tumor cells in vitro, but their tumoricidal activity
      can be increased by incubation in vitro with lymphokines released by mitogen- or
      antigen-stimulated lymphocytes. Inflammatory macrophages from these sites are
      only susceptible to activation in vitro by lymphokines for a short period (less
      than 4 days) following their initial emigration from the circulation to the site
      of inflammation. The expression of tumoricidal activity by activated macrophages
      is similarly short-lived (less than 4 days). Once the tumoricidal state is lost
      it cannot be restored by further incubation with lymphokines in vitro. Fusion of
      macrophages to form multinucleate giant cells (MGCs) accompanies the loss of
      tumoricidal activity and the onset of resistance to activation by lymphokines,
      but the fusion process is not responsible for these changes, since unfused
      macrophages are similarly affected. Activation and acquisition of tumoricidal
      properties is confined to young macrophages recruited from the circulation during
      acute inflammation. Older macrophages and MGCs in chronic inflammatory lesions in
      which recruitment of new macrophages has ceased are nontumoricidal and are
      refractory to activation by lymphokines in vitro. These findings are discussed in
      relation to the efficiency of macrophage-mediated destruction of tumors in vivo
      and the amplification of macrophage antitumor activity by immunotherapeutic
      agents.

PMID- 382867
TI  - Localization of fibronectin within the renal glomerulus and its production by
      cultured glomerular cells.
AB  - Fibronectin was shown in the kidney glomerulus by the use of the peroxidase
      labeled antibody technique. At the ultrastructural level, fibronectin was present
      in greatest quantities along those cell surfaces that abut the capillary basement
      membrane, especially along the capillary epithelial cell foot process.
      Intracellular staining was also seen in the glomerulus, most notably in the
      mesangial cell. Fibronectin was present extracellularly in large amounts in
      glomerular cell culture and was also demonstrated on the cell membrane and
      intracellularly.

PMID- 382869
TI  - Psychological costs of bone marrow transplantation in children.
AB  - The emotional strain of bone marrow transplantation procedures on child patients,
      family members and hospital personnel is described, and an illustrative case
      history is offered. Reasons for the unusually close relationship between family
      and staff are considered, and the necessity of appropriate psychological support
      for patients, siblings, parents, and members of the medical team is delineated.

PMID- 382868
TI  - Atheroarteriosclerosis induced by infection with a herpesvirus.
AB  - Atheroarteriosclerosis closely resembling that in humans was induced in
      normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic chickens by infection with Marek's
      disease herpesvirus (MDV). Four comparably sized groups of chickens were used.
      Each group was initially fed a diet relatively poor in cholesterol. Group I and
      II were inoculated intratracheally at 2 days of age with MDV. At 15 weeks, one
      group of virus-infected chickens (Group II) and one group of uninfected controls
      (Group IV) were fed a 2% cholesterol supplement for an additional 15 weeks. Group
      I, infected, and III, uninfected, were continued on a cholesterol-poor diet. All
      groups were killed at 30 weeks. Striking grossly visible atherosclerotic lesions
      were seen in large coronary arteries, aortas, and major aortic branches of both
      Groups I and II but not in those of Groups III and IV. Microscopically, arterial
      changes in infected animals were characterized by occlusive fibromuscular intimal
      thickening, which formed fibrous caps overlying areas of atheromatous change.
      This change closely resembled chronic atherosclerosis in humans. These results
      may be important to our understanding of human arteriosclerosis, since there is
      widespread and persistent infection of human populations with as many as five
      herpesviruses.

PMID- 382871
TI  - Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and
      resistance.
AB  - Methods for the quantification of beta-cell sensitivity to glucose (hyperglycemic
      clamp technique) and of tissue sensitivity to insulin (euglycemic insulin clamp
      technique) are described. Hyperglycemic clamp technique. The plasma glucose
      concentration is acutely raised to 125 mg/dl above basal levels by a priming
      infusion of glucose. The desired hyperglycemic plateau is subsequently maintained
      by adjustment of a variable glucose infusion, based on the negative feedback
      principle. Because the plasma glucose concentration is held constant, the glucose
      infusion rate is an index of glucose metabolism. Under these conditions of
      constant hyperglycemia, the plasma insulin response is biphasic with an early
      burst of insulin release during the first 6 min followed by a gradually
      progressive increase in plasma insulin concentration. Euglycemic insulin clamp
      technique. The plasma insulin concentration is acutely raised and maintained at
      approximately 100 muU/ml by a prime-continuous infusion of insulin. The plasma
      glucose concentration is held constant at basal levels by a variable glucose
      infusion using the negative feedback principle. Under these steady-state
      conditions of euglycemia, the glucose infusion rate equals glucose uptake by all
      the tissues in the body and is therefore a measure of tissue sensitivity to
      exogenous insulin.

PMID- 382870
TI  - Cyclic variation of K+ conductance in pancreatic beta-cells: Ca2+ and voltage
      dependence.
AB  - Pulses of hyperpolarizing current were injected through the microelectrode
      recording the electrical activity of beta-cells in order to measure input
      resistance. Increase in resistance during depolarization of the slow oscillation
      ("burst") indicates inactivation of an outward current, probably K+. Decrease in
      resistance as the plateau commences suggests that the previous depolarization
      causes activation of an inward current, probably calcium. The postburst
      hyperpolarization, caused by a late activation of potassium permeability (PK),
      would result from the increase of intracellular free calcium. An intracellular
      buffering system may control this intracellular free calcium level. By restoring
      the silent phases, in the presence of ouabain or high potassium, injection of
      hyperpolarizing current shows also a voltage dependency of the PK involved in the
      postburst hyperpolarization. Glucose, by stimulating intracellular binding of
      calcium, would cause membrane depolarization at glucose levels below threshold
      and elongation of the plateau phase at higher concentrations.

PMID- 382872
TI  - Vasodilation of cat cerebral arterioles by prostaglandins D2, E2, G2, and I2.
AB  - To determine the possible role that endogenously produced prostaglandins may play
      in the regulation of cerebral blood flow, the responses of cerebral precapillary
      vessels to prostaglandins (PG) D2, E2, G2, and I2 (8.1 X 10(-8) to 2.7 X 10(-5)
      M) were studied in cats equipped with cranial windows for direct observation of
      the microvasculature. Local application of PGs induced a dose-dependent dilation
      of large (greater than or equal to 100 microns) and small (less than 100 microns)
      arterioles with no effect on arterial blood pressure. The relative vasodilator
      potency was PGG2 greater than PGE2 greater than PGI2 greater than PGD2. With all
      PGs, except D2, the percent dilation of small arterioles was greater than the
      dilation of large arterioles. After application of prostaglandins in a
      concentration of 2.7 X 10(-5) M, the mean +/- standard error of the percent
      dilation of large and small arterioles was, respectively, 47.6 +/- 2.7 and 65.3
      +/- 6.1 for G2, 34.1 +/- 2.0, and 53.6 +/- 5.5 for E2, 25.4 +/- 1.8, and 40.2 +/-
      4.6 for I2, and 20.3 +/- 2.5 and 11.0 +/- 2.2 for D2. Because brain arterioles
      are strongly responsive to prostaglandins and the brain can synthesize
      prostaglandins from its large endogenous pool of prostaglandin precursor,
      prostaglandins may be important mediators of changes in cerebral blood flow under
      normal and abnormal conditions.

PMID- 382873
TI  - A method of intrarenal blood flow measurement using xenon-133 in the intact rat.
AB  - A method is described for measuring distribution of intrarenal blood flow in
      anesthetized rats by a xenon-133 washout technique that avoids the trauma of
      opening the abdominal cavity and manipulating the kidney. Precise delivery of the
      tracer to the kidney and fine collimation of the radiation reduces the amount of
      tracer required. Washout curve analysis is achieved by a multifit computer
      program that accepts only count rates and time as input data.

PMID- 382875
TI  - Philosophical foundations of French and U.S. nosology.
AB  - The author examines the philosophical foundations of French and American nosology
      with a view toward understanding the relatively minor influence of French
      psychiatry in America. Despite the excellence of its descriptive psychiatry, much
      of French nosological writing is based on philosophical viewpoints that are
      antithetical to the empirical and pragmatic traditions of American psychiatry.
      French nosology, which is closely involved with the metaphysical issues of
      existentialism, phenomenalism, and structuralism, reveals these interests in
      language and concepts that do not easily permit its hypotheses to be
      scientifically tested, a prerequisite for any American classification.

PMID- 382874
TI  - The apprenticeship of Philippe Pinel: a new document, "observations of Citizen
      Pussin on the insane".
AB  - Philippe Pinel is usually pictured in histories of psychiatry and of medicine as
      the man who first liberated the insane from their chains. The document presented
      here, discovered in 1978 in the Archives nationales in Paris, reveals the crucial
      role of Jean-Baptiste Pussin, the "governor" of mental patients at Bicetre. It
      was Pussin who initiated Pinel to psychological methods (the famous traitement
      moral) in dealing with hospitalized mental patients. Further, in 1797, Pussin
      first replaced chains with straitjackets. Pinel later obtained Pussin's transfer
      to the Salpetriere to help him reorganize that huge hospital.

PMID- 382876
TI  - Women in midlife: decisions, rewards, and conflicts related to work and careers.
AB  - The author discusses the role of an occupation in the psychic economy of women in
      midlife and the diagnostic and therapeutic function of attention to work-related
      issues. Clinical examples are grouped according to commonly encountered patterns
      as these result from prevous developmental choices and as they show some of the
      possible repercussions during the middle years. In psychotherapy with midlife
      women it is important to address work-related issues in terms of the interplay
      among previous development, age-specific factors, and social realities and
      changes as well as neurotic factors.

PMID- 382877
TI  - Pussin redivivus.

PMID- 382878
TI  - The comparative efficacy of buspirone and diazepam in the treatment of anxiety.
AB  - In this double-blind study, 56 adult psychoneurotic outpatients with a primary
      diagnosis of anxiety neurosis were randomly assigned to receive buspirone (N =
      18), diazepam (N = 20), or placebo (N = 18) over a four-week period. A battery of
      tests administered weekly indicated that buspirone, a new agent not chemically
      related to any currently marketed drugs, was as effective an antianxiety agent as
      diazepam and produced no more and perhaps fewer side effects. Buspirone showed
      excellent antidepressant effects as well. If further studies confirm the authors'
      findings and determine that buspirone does not result in tolerance and addiction,
      it would be more advantageous than the benzodiazepines in the treatment of
      anxiety.

PMID- 382879
TI  - Restriction of federal funds for abortion: 18 months later.

PMID- 382881
TI  - Papers of the Lyman A. Brewer III Symposium. Introduction (Lyman A. Brewer).

PMID- 382880
TI  - The health impact of restricting public funds for abortion. October 10, 1977-
      June 10, 1978.
AB  - The Center for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia implemented an eight-month
      prospective surveillance system in 24 hospitals distributed among states with and
      without public funding for abortion. Out of 3,157 visits for abortion-related
      complications, only 10 women gave a history of non-physician or self-induced
      abortion and none were Medicaid recipients. The small number of hospitals located
      in non-funded states and the smaller numbers of women served in these hospitals
      than in the funded states limited the power of out study. Women living along the
      Texas-Mexico border appeared more likely to have complications after illegal
      abortions than women from other areas of the country.

PMID- 382883
TI  - Lifesaving measures in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

PMID- 382882
TI  - Respiration and respiratory treatment: a historical overview.

PMID- 382884
TI  - Management of surgically treated patients with limited pulmonary reserve.

PMID- 382885
TI  - Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 382886
TI  - Shotgun arterial injuries of the extremities.
AB  - Even though shotgun injuries are often grouped with gunshot wounds, the former
      are ballistically and clinically far different from gunshot wounds. Two groups of
      patients with shotgun and gunshot wounds of the extremities, respectively, were
      compared with regard to clinical features. Although the vascular wound was the
      most dramatic aspect in both groups of patients, associated injuries, especially
      to the nerves and bones, played a significant role in the ultimate rehabilitation
      of the patients with shotgun wounds. Shotgun injuries more frequently required
      the use of saphenous vein grafts than did gunshot wounds. The infection and
      amputation rates were much higher in patients with shotgun wounds than in those
      with gunshot wounds. Patients with shotgun injuries of the extremities often
      required secondary reconstructive procedures such as tendon transfer or bone and
      joint fusion. Despite these measures the outlook for the ultimate rehabilitation
      of the extremity after shotgun injury was dismal, whereas after gunshot wounds
      complete rehabilitation was the rule.

PMID- 382887
TI  - Billroth in Zurich.

PMID- 382888
TI  - Osteoradionecrosis of the thoracic wall and its surgical management.
AB  - Four patients with disabling radiation defects of the chest involving skeletal
      and soft tissues were successfully treated with a one stage breast flap. Closure
      of the defect resulted after an uncomplicated and safe operation. Safety and
      reduced morbidity are hallmarks of the breast flap repair for this difficult
      problem. Although alternative methods can be used, the preparation of staged
      flaps and postoperative problems in major myocutaneous flaps increase the risk of
      such therapy and the hospital stay for these elderly, debilitated patients. The
      low morbidity of this one stage flap with a minimal hospital stay make this
      treatment a very viable and appealing alternative for patients whose long-term
      prognosis is exceedingly poor.

PMID- 382890
TI  - A clamp technique for intestinal anastomosis.

PMID- 382889
TI  - Anal ileostomy in multiple polyposis.

PMID- 382891
TI  - A new technique for performing end enterostomies using a stapling device.

PMID- 382892
TI  - [Reaction of the ovaries to endogenous gonadotropins in women after single
      administration of releasing hormone stimulating the secretion of luteinizing
      hormone].

PMID- 382894
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Vera Fedorovna Matveeva].

PMID- 382893
TI  - [Diagnosis of primary amenorrhea].

PMID- 382896
TI  - [Adenosis and clear-cell carcinoma of the vagina in children and young girls, an
      example of transplacental carcinogenesis?].

PMID- 382897
TI  - [Physical treatment of obstetrical and gynecological diseases].

PMID- 382895
TI  - [Clinical value of determination of fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products in
      obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 382898
TI  - [Rheography for the needs of obstetrical and gynecological practice].

PMID- 382899
TI  - [Therapeutic physical exercise in obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 382900
TI  - [1-day treatment of genital trichomoniasis with Fasigyn (clinical, colposcopic,
      bacterioscopic and cultural observations)].

PMID- 382901
TI  - A century and a half of the history of the life sciences in Alabama, smallpox
      epidemic in Jefferson County.

PMID- 382902
TI  - Penicillin hypersensitivity. Determination and classification of anti-penicillin
      antibodies by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
AB  - An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of anti-pencillin
      antibodies of the several Ig classes is described. The results of the ELISA in
      350 sera of patients suspected of penicillin hypersensitivity are compared with
      those of the haemagglutination test. In 105 sera penicillin-specific IgM and/or
      IgG was demonstrated with the ELISA, the HA test being positive in 49 of these
      105 sera. However , in another 14 sera IgM anti-penicillin antibodies could be
      shown only with the HA. In 10 sera penicillin-specific IgE was demonstrated with
      the ELISA, only four of these being also positive with the RAST. IgE was always
      found in combination with IgG and/or IgM. The positive correlation of the ELISA
      and the RAST with the intracutaneous test on penicillolypolylysine was 26.9% and
      15.4% respectively. The ELISA is a simple and reproducible method for the
      detection of anti-penicillin antibodies, being more sensitive than the HA and the
      RAST.

PMID- 382903
TI  - Lymphocyte-derived factors affecting cell migration in vitro.

PMID- 382904
TI  - [Calcifying ghost cell odontogenic tumor. Case presentation and literature
      review. Preliminary communication].

PMID- 382905
TI  - [Prenatal arterial muscles. Their histological structure in the oral cavity and
      adjacent zones].

PMID- 382906
TI  - Clinical and biochemical evaluations of premedicants. A double-blind assessment
      of clobazam, a new 1,5 benzodiazepine.
AB  - Clobazam is a new 1,5 benzodiazepine which differs from the 1,4 benzodiazepines
      such as diazepam, in that it displays a wide separation of its tranquillising or
      anxiolytic effects from impairment of cortical arousal and psychomotor
      performance. Its potential advantages as a premedicant for day-case or outpatient
      surgery were evaluated in a placebo-controlled double-blind study in female
      patients undergoing minor day surgery. Anxiety reduction was evaluated clinically
      and by means of plasma cortisol estimations. The clinical evaluation, using an
      established portocol, did not differentiate either active drug from placebo or
      between the active drugs; the cortisol results permitted opposing conclusions
      depending on the statistical approach used. Potential fallacies inherent in the
      methodology current used for evaluating premedicant drugs are discussed.

PMID- 382907
TI  - Atropine and hyoscine.
AB  - The drugs atropine and hyoscine are reviewed in the context of their use by
      anaesthetists. The results of recent studies are stressed and guidelines given
      for use of these drugs in modern anaesthetic practice.

PMID- 382908
TI  - Fluorophotometric enzyme immunoassay of thyroid-stimulating hormone.

PMID- 382909
TI  - Morphology of experimental spina bifida in the chick embryo.
AB  - Open malformations of the central nervous system may involve the brain or spinal
      cord, or both. Preliminary experiments in which a window was cut in the shell
      overlying early chick embryos (with removal of 2 ml of albumen) produced a range
      of neural and non-neural malformations. Exposure of Stage 5--10 embryos at 26
      hours of incubation produced open brain and cord defects. Embryos were recovered
      at 11--12 days for gross examination. Open cord defects in 12 day experimental
      embryos could be divided morphologically into 2 types. One group showed an
      everted symmetrical plaque of neural tissue. In the other group the cord defect
      was more irregular, partly covered by skin, and often combined with rump and
      trunk defects. Skeletal staining showed that vertebral lesions increased in
      severity in a cranio-caudal sequence. Spina bifida occulta was found in the
      cervical and upper thoracic regions; spina bifida manifesta, associated with open
      cord defects, occurred from the lower thoracic to the sacral regions; vertebral
      deletions were almost confined to the caudal region. Spina bifida manifesta at
      the site of open cord defects also showed 2 distinct patterns. Regular cord
      defects were associated with regular spinal defects, showing loss of spinous
      processes, reduction of laminae and eversion of the pedicles. Irregular cord
      defects were associated with more irregular spinal defects showing vertebral
      deletions or fusions, rumplessness, and pelvic reduction. Neither group, however,
      showed local kyphosis or scoliosis. Early neurogenesis in the avian and human
      embryos is very similar with development of the spinal cord from neural plate and
      tail bud materials which fuse in an overlap zone. These experimental defects in
      the chick embryo, separable into regular and irregular types thus provide a
      useful model for investigation of the embryogenesis of spina bifida.

PMID- 382910
TI  - Mitochondrion-secretory granules complexes in pancreatic islet B-cells.
AB  - Mitochondrion-Secretory Granule Complexes (MSGC) are present in rodent pancreatic
      islet B-cells, characteristically showing fusion of mitochondria and secretory
      granules, absence of granule membrane and external mitochondrial membrane at
      place of contact, often invagination of internal mitochondrial membrane at place
      of contact forming an electron lucent space directly continuous with the "halo"
      of the secretory granules, and occurrence of potassium pyroantimonate
      precipitates in either or both of mitochondria and secretory granules. The MSGC
      are believed to possess functional significance, possibly playing a role in
      translocation of ions between mitochondria and secretory granules in the B-cells.

PMID- 382911
TI  - Immunocytochemical detection of substance P neurons, their processes and
      connections by in vivo microinjections of monoclonal antibodies. Light and
      electron microscopy.

PMID- 382912
TI  - Development of T and B cell areas in peripheral lymphoid organs of the rat.
AB  - In the present study the early development of peripheral lymphoid organs (spleen,
      popliteal lymph node, mesenteric lymph node and Peyer's patches) is described in
      terms of homing patterns of T and B cells, demonstrated with
      immunohistoperoxidatic detection of characteristic membrane antigen in normal
      rats and with routine histology in neonatally thymectomized rats. In the first
      days after birth the peripheral lymphoid organs are almost exclusively populated
      by T cells. After neonatal thymectomy lymphocytes appear in the dome areas of
      Peyer's patches from four to six days after birth, in mesenteric and popliteal
      lymph nodes lymphocytes are found in the outer cortex from day 6 and day 8
      respectively and in the marginal zone of the spleen from eight days onwards.
      These lymphocytes showed no membrane staining when reacted for T antigen with
      immunohistoperoxidatic techniques. The morphological evidence for considering
      Peyer's patches of rats as central inductive sites for the generation of B cells
      is poor. The discrepancy in the order of appearance of T and B cell
      (sub)populations in spleen compartments in normal ontogenetic development and
      lethally irradiated, stem cell reconstituted animals is discussed.

PMID- 382913
TI  - Structure of Retzius lines in partially demineralized human enamel.
AB  - Human third molars were partially demineralized in an acid-alcohol solution and
      embedded in Epon 812. Six-micron sections were cut from regions of the cervical
      enamel exhibiting prominent Retzius lines. The plastic was removed from the
      specimens by microincineration and were examined with the scanning electron
      microscope. The most prominent structural feature seen along the Retzius lines
      was the cervical translocation of some of the prisms. The scanning electron
      microscopic images also suggested that prisms were translocating in the
      transverse plane of the tooth. A series of pores, which appeared to be empty,
      were observed in association with the translocations occurring along the Retzius
      lines.

PMID- 382914
TI  - Comparison of anesthesia with diazepam and ketamine vs. morphine in patients
      undergoing heart-valve replacement.
AB  - Because of its analgesic and amnesic effects, ketamine has potential advantages
      as a primary agent for patients undergoing open-heart surgery. However, the
      undesirable positive inotropic and chronotropic effects associated with ketamine
      have deterred its use. Diazepam pretreatment appears to block these unwanted
      effects. Sixteen randomly selected patients were given a combination of diazepam,
      0.4 mg/kg, followed by ketamine, 2 mg/kg, and nitrous oxide, 50%. The authors
      compared the circulatory responses to induction, intubation, and operation with
      those obtained in a matched group of patients who received morphine, 3 mg/kg, and
      nitrous oxide, 50%. All patients underwent mitral- or aortic-valve replacement.
      Circulatory responses were not significantly different between the two groups. In
      both groups, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, and rate-pressure product
      increased significantly with intubation of the trachea, incision of the skin, and
      sternotomy. The incidences of hypertension, hypotension, and arrhythmias, and the
      need for inotropic drugs were not significantly different between the two groups.
      No intraoperative awareness occurred in either group. It is concluded that
      diazepam-ketamine anesthesia is a satisfactory alternative to morphine anesthesia
      for patient undergoing heart-valve replacement.

PMID- 382916
TI  - Historical pulse tracings made during anesthesia.

PMID- 382915
TI  - Renal function and the pharmacokinetics of neostigmine in anesthetized man.

PMID- 382917
TI  - Pneumothorax secondary to ball-valve obstruction during jet ventilation.

PMID- 382918
TI  - [Effect of artificial pulmonary ventilation with constant positive pressure on
      the central hemodynamics in acute respiratory insufficiency].

PMID- 382919
TI  - [Determinations of clinical variations and lipid metabolism in patients with
      chronic ischemia of the lower extremities by means of a pentosan sulfonic ester
      and xanthinol niacinate combination].

PMID- 382920
TI  - Immuno-enzymatic study of IgG subclasses specific for allergen in house dust
      immediate hypersensitivity.
AB  - Investigation of the serum-specific IgE by the RAST technique and of the four
      specific subclasses of IgG in house dust allergy by an immuno-enzymatic assay was
      made among healthy control subjects, non-treated atopic patients and
      hyposensitized patients. There was evidence that the titer of specific IgE
      remains high in the treated patients regardless of their improvement or non
      improvement clinically. A good prognostic significance, however, correlates with
      a low specific IgG4 titer in the serum, but the pathogenic significance of IgG4
      cannot be determined until these immunoglobulins can be studied on the membrances
      of circulating basophils of hyposensitized patients.

PMID- 382921
TI  - Effect of colostrum ingestion on indices of neutrophil phagocytosis and
      metabolism in newborn calves.

PMID- 382922
TI  - Indirect fluorescent antibody test in occult dirofilariasis.
AB  - Indirect fluorescent antibody titers to Dirofilaria immitis microfilaria (IFA-mf)
      and peripheral eosinophilia were recorded from 15 to 52 months in ten
      experimentally infected dogs with occult dirofilariasis (heartworm infection
      without microfilaremia). Five dogs which were experimentally sensitized with D
      immitis microfilaria did not exhibit microfilaremia after inoculation with
      infective-stage larvae. In three other dogs, microfilaremia suddenly ceased after
      4 to 7 months. In these three dogs, antimicrofilarial antibodies were detectable
      by IFA-mf test as soon as microfilaremia ended. In the remaining two dogs, which
      exhibited spontaneous occult dirofilariasis, antibodies were detected at the end
      of the prepatent period of 6 months. The presence of adult worms was confirmed by
      angiocardiography. Significant IFA=mf titers (greater than or equal to 1:8)
      persisted after successful treatment with an adulticide. Reinfection of treated
      dogs reestablished occult dirofilarasis. Eosinophilia was present in all dogs and
      peaked at about 3, 6, and 9 months after they were inoculated with infective
      stage larvae. At necropsy, the ten dogs harbored gravid, reproducing adult worms
      in the heart and pulmonary arteries.

PMID- 382923
TI  - A rapid and simplified technique for the assay of chicken hemolytic complement.
AB  - The technique described is a modification of a qualitative hemolytic radial
      diffusion technique. The test involves the use of sensitized sheep erythrocytes
      that have been incorporated into agarose. Tube dilutions were made of chicken
      serum and samples of each dilution were placed into wells cut in the agarose. The
      test is quantitative for hemolytic complement in that the highest dilution
      showing visible hemolysis of sensitized erythrocytes in agarose is determined to
      be the endpoint for that serum sample. The test as compared with the standard
      tube assay was determined to be less sensitive by approximately one dilution. The
      advantages of speed, simplicity, and cost more than offset the decrease in
      sensitivity of the test.

PMID- 382924
TI  - Cyclic release of luteinizing hormone and the effects of luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone injection in Asiatic elephants.
AB  - Cyclic changes in serum concentration of luteinizing hormone (LH) were observed
      throughout the estrous cycle of Asiatic elephants (Elephas maximus). The increase
      in serum LH was correlated with a slight increase in serum estradiol
      concentration and the onset of behavioral heat (willingness to mate). In a second
      series of studies, injection of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone after 3
      days of estrone administration induced an increase in serum LH. These studies
      indicate that the Asiatic elephant exhibits a cyclic LH release that can be
      experimentally induced by estrone and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      administration.

PMID- 382925
TI  - Cell-mediated immune responses of neonatal calves and adult cattle following
      inoculation with PPD of Mycobacterium bovis associated with a mycobacterial
      immunopotentiating glycolipid and oil droplets.

PMID- 382926
TI  - Potentiation of lymphocyte mitogenic responses to concanavalin A by antigen
      activated peripheral blood monocytes.
AB  - Purified protein derivative (PPD)-stimulated monocytes derived from Mycobacterium
      bovis-sensitized cattle significantly potentiated lymphocyte mitogenic responses
      to concanavalin A (conA), as measured by incorporation of [3H] thymidine into
      cellular DNA. Monocytes were cultured for 24 hours in the presence of PPD, washed
      thoroughly, and mixed with purified lymphocytes; various doses of conA were added
      to these cultures, and the cultures were incubated for 4 days and assayed for DNA
      synthesis. The lymphocyte mitogenic responses to suboptimal, buy not optimal,
      doses of conA were significantly enhanced by the presence of PPD-activated
      monocytes from M bovis-sensitized cattle. Treatment nonsensitized cattle with PPD
      did not result in any significant enhancement of conA-induced lymphocyte
      mitogenic responses at any dose of conA tested.

PMID- 382927
TI  - Endotoxin absorption in hay-fed and lactic acidotic sheep.
AB  - Absorption of endotoxin from the gastrointestinal tract was evaluated in hay-fed
      and lactic acidotic sheep duodenally infused with 10 mg of Escherichia coli
      endotoxin, and in lactic acidotic sheep not infused. The effect of abomasal fluid
      on biological activity of endotoxin was also evaluated. Leukopenia was the
      criterion used for detecting endotoxemia. Absorption of endotoxin from the
      gastrointestinal tract was not detected in either hay-fed or lactic acidotic
      sheep. Endotoxin appeared to maintain its activity after incubation with abomasal
      fluid, and the presence of endogenous endotoxin in abomasal contents was
      indicated. The results indicate that endotoxin of alimentary origin may not be
      involved in the lactic acidosis syndrome in ruminants.

PMID- 382929
TI  - Chairperson makes case for economic security (Jackie Gideon).

PMID- 382928
TI  - Transmissible antibiotic resistance in Salmonella isolated from random-source
      cats purchased for use in research.
AB  - Salmonella isolates from random-source cats designated for use in research were
      examined for antibiotic susceptibilities and the presence of plasmids containing
      R factors. The serotypes studied were Salmonella derby, S typhimurium, S anatum,
      S enteritidis, and S bredeney. Eighty percent of the isolates were resistant to
      one or more antibiotics. The greatest frequency of resistance was to
      streptomycin. The majority of the salmonella isolates transferred all or a part
      of their antibiotic resistance to an Escherichia coli K-12 recipient.
      Thermosensitive R factors were found in two S typhimurium isolates.

PMID- 382930
TI  - Danish nurse visits U.S. Woman labor leader holds unique position (Kirsten
      Stallknecht).

PMID- 382931
TI  - Health effects of inhalation of ambient concentrations of nitrogen dioxide.

PMID- 382932
TI  - Retrospectroscope. " ... In comes the good air." Part III. There will always be
      an England.

PMID- 382933
TI  - Retrospectroscope. Flexible minds.

PMID- 382934
TI  - Genetic heterogeneity of hyperpepsinogenemic I and normopepsinogenemic I duodenal
      ulcer disease.
AB  - In a search for a genetic marker of duodenal ulcer, we measured serum pepsinogen
      I levels in 168 ulcer patients and 151 of their clinically normal siblings. The
      ulcer patients tended to have either hyperpepsinogenemia I (pepsinogen I, greater
      than or equal to 100 ng/mL) or a normal level on a familial basis. Further
      evidence supporting this separation was the finding that the mean serum
      pepsinogen I level in the clinically normal siblings of the hyperpepsinogenemic
      patients was 91.2 ng/mL, significantly higher than the mean level (63.1 ng/mL) in
      the normal siblings of the normopepsinogenemic I patients. In the
      hyperpepsinogenemic I families the results of segregation analysis of an elevated
      pepsinogen I were consistent with autosomal-dominant inheritance of this trait.
      The genetic basis of normopepsinogenemic I duodenal ulcer was also shown by the
      familial aggregation of this disorder. These data provide direct evidence for
      genetic heterogeneity of duodenal ulcer disease.

PMID- 382935
TI  - A familial occurrence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.
AB  - A family was recently studied in which two brothers with identical HLA serotypes
      had allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. One of the two had a normal
      bronchogram. A field investigation of the family residence showed that a barn was
      the probable source of the organism causing disease in these patients.
      Immunologic characterization of the family members showed a broad spectrum of
      response to the environmental exposure.

PMID- 382936
TI  - Circulating immune complexes in pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma.
AB  - We analyzed serum from six patients with pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma for the
      presence of circulating immune complexes. These levels were correlated with the
      pulmonary histopathology and immunofluorescence findings. Levels of circulating
      immune complexes were elevated in five subjects. All of the subjects had an
      active cellular histology. Immunofluorescent studies showed granular deposits of
      IgG and complement (C3) in alveolar walls and blood vessels in all five patients.
      One subject had no detectable circulating immune complexes and showed a
      predominantly fibrotic pattern by light microscopy. In addition,
      immunofluorescence in this patient also showed no immunoglobulin or complement
      deposition within the lung tissue. These findings show that circulating immune
      complexlike activity is present in patients with cellular disease and suggest
      that their formation or deposition, or both, may contribute to the pathogenesis
      of pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma.

PMID- 382937
TI  - The transplanted kidney as a source of hepatitis B infection.

PMID- 382938
TI  - Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the United States.
AB  - After approximately 5 years of clinical use in Great Britain and other European
      countries, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in fixed-dose combination was introduced
      into the United States in 1973. As a result of sequential blockade in the
      biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid, the antimicrobial activity of the
      combination exceeds that of either agent alone. Although the drug is approved for
      use in only chronic urinary-tract infection, otitis media, shigellosis, and
      Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, many experimental clinical trials suggest that
      this agent may be useful in a number of other infectious disorders. Trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole is generally well tolerated even with long-term administration,
      but its potential for hematologic toxicity and nephrotoxicity must be monitored.

PMID- 382939
TI  - UCLA conference. Circulating immune complexes: their immunochemistry, detection,
      and importance.
AB  - The size and molecular composition of circulating immune complexes depend on
      various factors, including the concentrations and valences of antigens and
      antibodies and the antigen-antibody ratio. The composition and biological
      properties of circulating immune complexes, in turn, influence their fate in vivo
      as well as the likelihood of their detection by various assays. Several assays
      clearly detect circulating immune complexes, but no single assay has yet been
      shown to be the most sensitive and the most specific for the entire spectrum of
      circulating immune complexes. Assays correlate poorly with each other, but this
      may be desirable if we are to determine which circulating immune complexes have
      diagnostic, prognostic, or pathogenic importance. Circulating immune complexes
      are found in numerous rheumatologic disorders and infectious diseases. Their
      presence in the circulation statistically correlates with disease activity;
      however, the assays currently used have limited value for diagnosing or aiding in
      therapeutic decisions. Nevertheless, the future holds promise for such uses.

PMID- 382940
TI  - Coronary artery spasm.
AB  - Coronary artery spasm is an important pathogenetic mechanism in some forms of
      myocardial ischemic disease. Factors that may be important in the genesis of
      spasm include the autonomic nervous system, prostaglandins, endoperoxides,
      thromboxanes, and the calcium availability to the contractile apparatus. Spasm
      results in myocardial ischemia with attendant chest pain and electrocardiographic
      and hemodynamic changes; it is the primary pathogenetic mechanism in Prinzmetal's
      variant angina and has been found in association with classic angina pectoris and
      acute myocardial infarction. Diagnosis of coronary artery spasm is firmly made
      only by coronary angiography. Treatment includes the use of both short- and long
      acting nitrates and the slow-channel blocking agents such as verapamil,
      nifedipine, and perhexiline.

PMID- 382941
TI  - Interferons: rationale for clinical trials in neoplastic disease.
AB  - Interferons, cell glycoproteins synthesized in response to viral infections and
      various nonviral inducers, have proved therapeutically effective for viral
      infections in experimental models and in humans. Current evidence suggests
      interferons may also prove effective as antitumor agents in humans. Potent
      effects on cellular function result from interferons. Cell surface structure and
      enzyme levels are altered. Immunologic responses thought to be important in tumor
      immunity are augmented. Interferons have antiproliferative effects on the
      replication of normal and neoplastic cells. Interferons are effective in animals
      against tumors of both viral and nonviral origin. Clinical trials in cancer have
      been limited by the availability and cost of human interferons. However, results
      in small numbers of patients have been encouraging. This paper review
      experimental and clinical findings regarding the rationale for use of interferons
      in neoplastic disease.

PMID- 382942
TI  - Immunology and the therapeutics of leprosy.

PMID- 382943
TI  - Nephrology: an annotated bibliography of recent literature. References to journal
      articles and other papers.

PMID- 382944
TI  - [Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a possible host for genetic recombinations in vitro :
      can the 2-micrometre plasmid be a potential vector? (proceedings)].

PMID- 382945
TI  - Cloning of the replication region of the plasmid R1 [proceedings].

PMID- 382946
TI  - Transcriptional regulation of the yeast orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase gene
      [proceedings].

PMID- 382947
TI  - Interaction of Mycobacterium leprae and mycobacteriophage D29.
AB  - This study of the interaction between Mycobacterium leprae and the
      mycobacteriophage D29 showed that the viruses caused a patchy damage of cell wall
      structure and the accumulation in the host of internal crystalline structures.
      Whether the observed ultrastructural alterations were caused by the replication
      of D29 was not clear. Mitomycin C also caused the accumulation of crystalline
      structures in M. leprae.

PMID- 382949
TI  - Loss of plasmid-mediated resistance after conversion of a group B streptococcus
      strain to a stable cell wall deficient variant.
AB  - A group B streptococcus strain carrying plasmid DNA determining resistance to
      several drugs was converted by penicillin to cell wall (CW) defective and then to
      CW deficient variants (L-forms). The stable CW deficient variants became
      susceptible to antibiotics in study. Dye-buoyant density analysis of the DNA of
      CW deficient variants showed that the loss of antibiotic resistance was
      associated with the loss of extrachromosomal DNA.

PMID- 382948
TI  - [Fate of orally administered antibiotic sensitive "Escherichia coli" in the
      intestine of the newborn (author's transl)].
AB  - In an intensive care unit, 14 newborns, without antibiotic intake, received
      orally 1 ml of culture broth from an antibiotic-sensitive strain of Escherichia
      coli marked with resistance to sodium azide. The purpose was to study the fate of
      the E. coli administered and to determine whether an interaction was obtained
      between that strain and antibiotic-resistant enterobacteria in the gut flora. In
      3 infants the strain administered developed and was the only enterobacterium
      excreted during the first week; in 4 others the strain was recovered during one
      week or more, in quantities greater than 10(6)/g of stools. In 6 others, the
      strain appeared for less than one week, and/or in quantity less than 10(6)/g of
      stools. In 1 child the strain could not be recovered at all. These data show what
      is obtained in "holoxenic" newborns in spite of challenge with many other
      bacteria. They have been obtained with an ubiquitus E. coli and can be used as a
      control for further studies.

PMID- 382950
TI  - [Gas-liquid chromatography of non-volatile fatty acid produced by "Yersinia
      enterocolitica" (author's transl)].
AB  - The metabolic products (non-volatile fatty acids) of 24 strains belonging to four
      Yersinia enterocolitica groups (typical, sucrose negative, rhamnose positive,
      melibiose and rhamnose positive) were examined by gas liquid chromatography. All
      strains produced lactic, pyruvic and succinic acids. This technique did not allow
      any classification for taxonomic purpose. The evolution of lactic and succinic
      acid production was monitored for 72 h in shaked and non-shaked cultures. The
      concentration of both acids increased in the first 24 h, then decreased and
      increased again after 38 h. Shaked culture produced a lesser amount of lactic
      acid than did non-shaked culture. Only traces of succinic acid were detected in
      shaked culture. The quantities of metabolic products of the four strains grown in
      five media were significantly different. These observations suggest that the
      composition of the medium, the bacterial growth, inoculum size, incubation
      technique and the incubation time are important factors in metabolic production
      by aeroanerobic bacteria. Only constant results in the face of such varying
      factors could be of taxonomic value.

PMID- 382952
TI  - Myopathy of hamster dystrophy: history and morphologic aspects.

PMID- 382953
TI  - Involvement of peripheral and central nerves in murine dystrophy.

PMID- 382951
TI  - Immunogenic complexes obtained from Salmonella typhi-murium and Salmonella typhi
      Ty2 by the bacterial acetone powder method.
AB  - An immunogenic complex was isolated from Salmonella typhi-murium and another one
      from Salmonella typhi Ty2. Both were prepared by the bacterial acetone powder
      method which eliminated the cell wall, the DNA almost completely and the membrane
      phospholipids. The complexes were denominated "New Vaccines". The S. typhi-murium
      new vaccine induced, even at doses of 0.5 microgram dry weight per mouse, a high
      degree of protection against the challenge of the virulent microorganism. By
      immunoelectrophoresis, 21 antigen-antibody systems could be detected, two of them
      corresponding to O antigens. The S. typhi Ty2 new vaccine induced better
      protection than the standard vaccine (heat-phenol inactivated typhoid vaccine)
      when both vaccines were compared in the relative potency test. Moreover, the new
      vaccine had very low toxicity when inoculated in humans at doses of 1 microgram
      dry weight, able to elicite a high antibody titre (1/1,790 mean of 10 sera) in
      75% of the tested population, estimated by the complement fixation test. In
      contrast, the standard vaccine induced a low antibody titre (1/222, mean of 5
      sera) in 50% of the humans inoculated with 1 X 10(8) bacterial cells. The new
      vaccine did not induce undesirable effects whereas the standard vaccine induced
      an important inflammatory process in 100% of the cases, with intense local pain
      in 67% after 24 h post-first inoculation as well as other less severe symptoms.

PMID- 382955
TI  - Embryology of two murine muscle diseases: muscular dystrophy and muscular
      dysgenesis.

PMID- 382954
TI  - Major physiologic and histochemical characteristics of inherited dystrophy of the
      chicken.

PMID- 382956
TI  - [Lipoproteins, glucose tolerance and insulin secretion].

PMID- 382957
TI  - Animal obesities.
AB  - Genetically or experimentally-produced (e.g. via lesions of the hypothalamus)
      obese animals have several common features such as increased hepatic lipogenesis
      (resulting in fat infiltration) and increased hepatic lipoprotein secretion,
      together, with increased adipose tissue lipogenesis. These abnormalities appear
      to be related primarily to hyperinsulinemia as they are reversed to or toward
      normal when hyperinsulinemia is corrected or, conversely, as they develop
      concomitantly with hyperinsulinemia. In the liver (ob/ob mice), another defect
      can be demonstrated, i.e. a decreased hepatic insulin clearance. This defect is
      also related to hyperinsulinemia and is markedly reduced upon normalizing
      hyperinsulinemia of obese mice. Hyperinsulinemia may thus be a key feature of the
      obesity syndromes, and bring about most of the abnormalities noted, including the
      subsequent state of insulin resistance known to exist in obese animals. The
      etiology of hyperinsulinemia of genetically obese animals is still unknown. Among
      the possible mechanisms one should cite possible primary dysfunction of the
      pancreas, possible primary dysregulation, by the hypothalamus, of overall
      endocrine pancreas activity.

PMID- 382958
TI  - Beta-lipotropin precursor of beta-MSH and beta-endorphin.
AB  - The molecule beta-lipotropin, composed of 91 amino acids (beta-LPH 1-91) has
      gained considerable importance in recent years. Its double role as the precursor
      of beta-MSH (beta-LPH 41-58) and beta-endorphin (beta-LPH 61-91) makes this
      peptide unique in its kind. Results are presented on the role of this molecule
      and on the complete characterization of two morphine-like peptides from human and
      sheep pituitaries. The structure-activity relationship of opiate activity is
      analyzed by scanning for this biological activity of many tryptic and CNBr
      fragments of beta-lipotropin. The unequivocal localization of one of the
      important synthesis sites of beta-endorphin in the pituitary neurointermediate
      lobe is presented. A peptide with partial sequence Met1, Leu8,15 and Lys6,11, 27,
      29, 33 has been biosynthesized in large quantities and its ubiquitous nature and
      conservation of sequence speaks for its importance and possible presence in many
      living cells. This polypeptide was subsequently identified as ubiquitin, a non
      histone fragment of the nuclear protein A-24.

PMID- 382959
TI  - Fifth Daniel C. Baker Jr. Memorial Lecture. Resident education: past, present and
      to where.
AB  - The specialties in medicine and surgery developed slowly during the later 19th
      century and the early decades of this century. The American boards were the focal
      points for sponsoring specialty societies through which these developments
      occurred. The resident review committees have also played an important role.
      Otolaryngology resident education has developed into a progressively structured
      educational experience so that presently otolaryngology resident education is a
      broad experience in head and neck oncology, plastic and reconstructive surgery,
      otology, laryngology, rhinology, allergy and immunology, bronchoesophagology,
      teaching and research. Resident education is not static. The year of 1978 can be
      noted as the year of change, for the Resident Review Committee in Otolaryngology
      recommended that resident education be of five years in duration, one year being
      in surgery, three years in otolaryngology and one year being elective as to
      content. Such programming can be highly structured to meet a candidate's present
      and future needs in manpower, superspecialization and general otolaryngology. In
      this system superspecialization can and will be recognized and awarded through
      channels already established in otolaryngology. Manpower and general
      otolaryngology will also profit.

PMID- 382960
TI  - [The problem of "Duhring-Brocq's" disease in children (author's transl)].
AB  - Inquiry in the french dermatological main centers and a survey of the literature
      suggest that the once described as Duhring-Brocq disease in children, may refer
      to three distinct bullous diseases. Taking in account clinical features, photon
      and electron-microscopical data, investigation for basement membrane antibodies,
      search for intestinal villous atrophy, effectiveness of dapsone or sulfapyridine,
      it is indeed possible to distinguish:1) bullous pemphigoid (very rarely); 2)
      dermatitis herpetiformis (not frequently), those two affections being similar to
      adult forms; 3) benign chronic bullous dermatitis of childhood. This last child
      specific disease, is the most frequently observed. Its clinical features are
      comparable to pemphigoids, but histopathology and immunology data are different.
      Its response to dapsone of sulfapyridine and to free gluten diet is note perfect
      and not constant, but its evolution is spontaneously favorable after a few years.

PMID- 382961
TI  - [Papular pemphigoid].

PMID- 382962
TI  - [French Society of Dermatology and the Study of Syphilis. List of members].

PMID- 382963
TI  - [Cell cycle time of normal epidermis, psoriasis and some epidermal tumors
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Cell kinetic of human epidermis has been studied with different techniques of
      labeling by 3H-thymidine. A review of the literature for human epidermis,
      psoriasis and some epidermal tumors has been performed and discussed in the light
      of our own studies. If the cell cycle time seems to be slightly shorter in
      epidermal tumors in comparison to normal epidermis, this doesn't constitute the
      fundamental characteristic of the neoplastic lesions. Indeed the most specific
      alteration in the cell cycle parameters for precancerous and cancerous tissue is
      a lengthening of the S phase duration. This modification of the DNA synthesis
      time is perhaps of reflection of the depressed state of the chromatin of
      neoplastic tissues.

PMID- 382964
TI  - [Diagnosis of strongyloidiasis using the E.L.I.S.A. test (author's transl)].
AB  - An immunoenzymatic test, the E.L.I.S.A. test is used to diagnose human
      Strongyloidiasis. First results show that this reaction can complete other
      investigational methods already in use to diagnose this affection, i.e.
      coproanalysis and intradermal reactions, both in epidemiological studies and
      individual cases. In addition, the test is a good means of assessing the
      effectiveness of treatment.

PMID- 382965
TI  - The aetiology of colonic suture-line recurrence.
AB  - Cell viability studies have been performed on human desquamated colonic cancer
      cells obtained by both in-vivo and ex-vivo techniques, and on desquamated colonic
      cancer cells from an experimental animal model. There was no evidence of cell
      viability and I conclude that the hypothesis that suture-line recurrence occurs
      as a result of the implantation of desquamated tumour cells is of questionable
      validity. Field change in the colonic mucosa has been studied by examining the
      reactions of the mucosubstances in the goblet cells. A potential correlation
      between transitional mucosa at the anastomosis and the development of suture-line
      recurrence was found and warrants further study. The clinical problem has been
      investigated by the clinicopathological study of 16 patients developing suture
      line recurrence in an attempt to discern the aetiology of each. In all but one
      the recurrence was due to incomplete excision of cancer or, in one instance, a
      second primary growth.

PMID- 382966
TI  - Hunterian Oration, 1979. Some controversial aspects of John Hunter's life and
      work.

PMID- 382967
TI  - Histocompatibility antigens in bovine lymphosarcoma. A preliminary study.

PMID- 382968
TI  - [New materials and technics for manual and mechanical sutures].

PMID- 382969
TI  - [Intestinal experimental anastomosis. Comparative study].

PMID- 382970
TI  - Transposition of muscle flaps for covering exposed bone in the leg.
AB  - A muscle transposition technique for reconstruction of soft tissue loss and skin
      defects with exposed bone in the leg is described. Reconstruction with muscle
      flaps and freee skin grafts is a reliable and convenient one-stage operation. The
      gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were used to cover the upper and middle third of
      the leg. The method was used in 13 patients, and there were 3 failures in the
      series because of the impaired vascularity of the injuried leg. In 7 cases,
      including one failure, the soft tissue injury was associated with compound
      fractures. No functional disability was observed in the leg, ankle or foot after
      successful transposition of the muscle flap.

PMID- 382971
TI  - Tracheo-arterial erosion complicating tracheostomy.
AB  - Tracheo-arterial erosion occurred in 5 cases out of 816 tracheostomized patients,
      i.e. an incidence of 0.6%. The complication is serious and is nearly always
      fatal. In one case, treatment was successful, but the other four patients died as
      a result of massive haemorrhage. On the basis of these cases the factors leading
      to this complication and the possibilities of treatment are discussed. In one
      case the main cause of innominate artery erosion was the low lying tracheostomy.
      This patient was rapidly resuscitated, the blood volume was restored, bleeding
      controlled by direct finger pressure on the innominate artery and an emergency
      operation was performed immediately. The innominate artery was excluded from
      circulation and bypassed with an autogenous venous graft. The patient recovered
      and is doing well after a follow-up of two and half years.

PMID- 382972
TI  - [Gonadotropic activity in cultured hypophyses. 1. Adult male rats].
AB  - Adenohypophysial tissue of adult male rats was cultivated for 15 days, in order
      to eliminate influence from rats other organs, and to obtain a stable spontaneous
      gonadotropins release in culture medium. It was then stimulated from 15th to 25th
      day of culture with LH-RH and/or testosterone. LH-RH-induced effects : 2 to 6
      times increased LH release, and 2 times increased FSH release, declined from 15th
      to 25th day, suggesting a loss of receptivity to the stimulating hormone.
      Testosterone had two direct effects on adenohypophysis : first, when added alone
      to the culture medium, it did not inhibited LH release and stimulated (x2) FSH
      release; second, it partially inhibited gonadotropin response to LH-RH.

PMID- 382973
TI  - [Gonadotropin activity of newborn rat adenohypophysial tissue in culture compared
      to that of adult rats (author's transl)].
AB  - It has been suggested that low circulating levels of androgens and gonadotropins
      found in impubertal subjects is due to a low -- setted feed-back regulation
      system, i.e. sensitivity of that system is higher than that of adult subjects.
      Cultures of adenohypophysial tissue of 2 to 6 days old male rats were performed
      and gonadotropins release compared to that obtained from similarly conducted
      adult male rats pituitary cultures (previous paper). Newborn rat hypophysis was
      more sensitive to factors stimulating LH release (LH-RH) and FSH release
      (testosterone). In contrast, testosterone inhibition of gonadotropins response to
      LH-RH was similar to that of adult tissue. Since trophic factors influence could
      not be totally excluded, it was concluded that pituitary tissue does not show
      marked variation of sensitivity with age.

PMID- 382974
TI  - Note: Neutralist hypothesis is Darwinian.

PMID- 382975
TI  - Viroimmunoenzymoassay for detection of anti-penicilloyl antibodies and
      penicilloyl residues: comparison of results obtained by radio-, viro- and
      enzymoimmunoassay.
AB  - A new technic named viroimmunoenzymoassay is described. The principle is the same
      as the classical viroimmunoassay which uses as tracer a bacteriophage bound
      covalently to an hapten. Immuno-specific neutralization of these modified
      bacteriophages by an hapten antiserum allows to detect and to test hapten
      antibodies or the haptens with a great sensitivity. In the new technic the
      visualization of the bacterial lysis is estimated by measure of the amount of
      beta-galactosidase which is released into the medium by Escherichia coli BB
      bacteria. These are previously induced by isopropyl thiogalactoside or lactose.
      The method is applied to the assay of penicilloyl groups bound covalently with
      another molecule, and its performances are compared with three other classical
      immunological methods: the radio-, enzymo- and viroimmunoassay.

PMID- 382977
TI  - H. Houston Merritt, 1902-1979.

PMID- 382978
TI  - Controversy in neurology: the Canadian study on TIA and aspirin. A critique of
      the Canadian TIA study.

PMID- 382976
TI  - Transmission of chronic spongiform encephalopathy with kuru plaques from humans
      to small rodents.
AB  - An unusual case of spongiform encephalopathy was transmitted directly from a
      human to rats and mice. After serial passages, incubation periods were shortened
      to about six months in rats and four months in mice. Clinical symptoms were
      similar in rats and mice, including ruffled fur, arched back, bradykinesia, and
      hind limb paralysis. Pathologically, a spongy state, proliferation of astrocytes,
      and neuronal changes were observed. Electron microscopic observation of the
      parietal cortex of rats and mice disclosed many membrane-bound vacuoles in the
      neuropil, predominantly in dendrites. In the pons of mice, intramyelinic vacuoles
      and accumulation of extracellular fluid were prominent. The clinicopathological
      symptoms of the affected animals resembled those in other experimental spongiform
      encephalopathies, especially scrapie.

PMID- 382979
TI  - Controversy in neurology: the Canadian study on TIA and aspirin. A critique of
      the Canadian TIA study. Reply.

PMID- 382980
TI  - Controversy in the interpretation of clinical trials.

PMID- 382981
TI  - A "pure" organic chemist's downward path: chapter 2--the years at P. and S.

PMID- 382982
TI  - Reduction of ribonucleotides.

PMID- 382983
TI  - Histones.

PMID- 382984
TI  - Epidermal growth factor.

PMID- 382985
TI  - Chemistry and biology of the neurophysins.

PMID- 382986
TI  - Photoaffinity labeling of biological systems.

PMID- 382987
TI  - Regulation of oxygen affinity of hemoglobin: influence of structure of the globin
      on the heme iron.

PMID- 382989
TI  - Lipid asymmetry in membranes.

PMID- 382988
TI  - Developmental biochemistry of preimplantation mammalian embryos.

PMID- 382990
TI  - Slow transitions and hysteretic behavior in enzymes.

PMID- 382991
TI  - Surface components and cell recognition.

PMID- 382992
TI  - RNA replication: function and structure of Qbeta-replicase.

PMID- 382993
TI  - Regulation of protein synthesis in eukaryotes.

PMID- 382994
TI  - Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: general features and recognition of transfer RNAs.

PMID- 382995
TI  - The isolation of eukaryotic messenger RNA.

PMID- 382996
TI  - The structure and function of eukaryotic ribosomes.

PMID- 382997
TI  - DNA repair in bacteria and mammalian cells.

PMID- 382998
TI  - Initiation of DNA synthesis in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 382999
TI  - Analysis with intact tissue with 31P NMR.

PMID- 383000
TI  - Molecular structure determination by high resolution electron microscopy.

PMID- 383001
TI  - Fitting nonlinear models to data.

PMID- 383003
TI  - The microprocessor a new tool for the biosciences.

PMID- 383002
TI  - Neural prostheses.

PMID- 383004
TI  - Three-dimensional computer reconstruction of neurons and neuronal assemblies.

PMID- 383005
TI  - Ionic mechanisms of excitation in Paramecium.

PMID- 383006
TI  - Electrical properties of egg cell membranes.

PMID- 383007
TI  - Dye indicators of membrane potential.

PMID- 383008
TI  - Enzyme dynamics: the statistical physics approach.

PMID- 383009
TI  - Life's work and philosophy of Dean Julita V. Sotejo.

PMID- 383010
TI  - Inhibition of Clostridium botulinum by p-hydroxybenzoic acid n-alkyl esters.
AB  - Twelve straight-chain esters, C(5) to C(14), C(16), and C(18), of p
      hydroxybenzoic acid were prepared, and their melting points, solubilities in
      water at 25 degrees C, infrared spectra, dissociation constants (pK(a)), and
      activities against Clostridium botulinum were determined. These studies also
      included four commercial straight-chain esters, C(1) to C(4). The most potent
      activity was exhibited by undecyl and dodecyl esters, which are about 300 times
      as active as sodium nitrite. Quadratic and cubic equations were developed
      correlating the activity with pK(a) values and chain length of the esters,
      respectively.

PMID- 383012
TI  - Inhibition of transpeptidase activity in Escherichia coli by thienamycin.
AB  - Thienamycin was shown to be a more potent inhibitor than ampicillin of the enzyme
      peptidoglycan transpeptidase from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 383011
TI  - Clinical and laboratory evaluation of cefamandole in the therapy of Haemophilus
      spp. Bronchopulmonary infections.
AB  - A prospective, randomized, single-blind comparison of parenteral cefamandole and
      ampicillin was conducted in 27 hospitalized adult patients with pneumonia or
      purulent tracheobronchitis due to Haemophilus spp. Patients received either
      parenteral cefamandole or ampicillin in a dose of 1 g every 6 h. Cefamandole was
      as effective and safe as ampicillin. Of the 14 patients treated with cefamandole,
      13 were considered cured, as were 12 of the 13 treated with ampicillin. One
      patient in each treatment group improved clinically but did not clear his sputum
      of Haemophilus spp. One patient treated with cefamandole had a recurrence of
      Haemophilus spp. bronchitis 9 days after cure. Adverse effects were more common
      in the cefamandole-treated group (50% versus 15%), but were mild and did not
      require discontinuation of therapy in any patient. The in vitro susceptibilities
      of 64 clinical isolates of Haemophilus spp. to 10 antibiotics were determined.
      Cefamandole was the most active of the cephalosporin-cephamycin antibiotics
      tested, inhibiting 98% of 61 non-beta-lactamase-producing isolates at 2 mug/ml
      and 100% at 4 mug/ml. Cefamandole inhibited the three ampicillin-resistant
      isolates at 2 mug/ml or less. Cephapirin, cefoxitin, and cephalothin were the
      next most active, whereas cefazolin and cephradine were the least active.

PMID- 383013
TI  - Rapid, simple enzyme immunoassay for gentamicin.
AB  - An enzyme immunoassay for gentamicin is described. The assay is accurate and
      specific and needs only simple equipment.

PMID- 383014
TI  - In vitro model simulating the form of exposure of bacteria to antimicrobial drugs
      encountered in infection.
AB  - A new model, which is designed to investigate the in vitro activity of
      antibiotics as a function of different concentration-time curves, is described.
      The antibiotic is allowed to diffuse through a membrane into a bacterial culture
      until a peak level is reached; the antibiotic is then removed by flow-assisted
      back diffusion. With this arrangement it is possible to expose bacteria to a
      changing concentration of drug while maintaining a constant volume of bacterial
      culture. Preliminary studies were carried out to investigate the response of a
      strain of Escherichia coli to gentamicin. The results indicate that bacteria
      surviving exposure to concentrations of gentamicin similar to those obtained
      during therapy may exhibit an increase in resistance to the antibiotic.

PMID- 383015
TI  - Mode of action of the azasteroid antibiotic 15-aza-24 methylene-d-homocholesta
      8,14-dien-3 beta-ol in Ustilago maydis.
AB  - Ustilago maydis sporidia treated with 0.1 mug of azasterol (15-aza-24-methylene-d
      homocholesta-8,14-dien-3beta-ol) per ml appeared branched and vacuolated after 6
      h of incubation. Sporidial multiplication, dry weight increase, and synthesis of
      protein, deoxyribonucleic acid, and ribonucleic acid were only slightly or
      moderately inhibited during the initial 3 h of incubation. An increase of free
      fatty acids was observed in lipid extracts of treated sporidia after incubation
      for 3 h or more. Ergosterol synthesis was completely inhibited within 1 h and
      there was a gradual decline of ergosterol content during 6 h which was
      accompanied by an accumulation of the sterol intermediate ergosta-8,14-dien-3beta
      ol. The results indicate that toxicity of the azasterol results from specific
      inhibition of the reduction of the sterol C-14(15) double bond. A triarimol
      tolerant strain of Cladosporium cucumerinum was tolerant to the azasterol, but an
      imazalil-tolerant strain of Aspergillus nidulans was not.

PMID- 383016
TI  - Morphological changes of Escherichia coli induced by bicyclomycin.
AB  - Electron microscopic studies with Escherichia coli revealed that bicyclomycin
      inhibits septum formation and converts the cells to filamentous forms. The
      antibiotic induced high undulation and numerous blebs of the outer membrane.
      Sometimes cytoplasmic contents leaked into the lumen of the bleb through a
      disrupted region of the membrane. Breakage of the outer membrane or blebs led to
      cell lysis. Electron-dense masses of amorphous material and vesicles were found
      in the cytoplasm.

PMID- 383017
TI  - A comparative study on the hydrodynamic shape, conformation, and stability of E.
      coli ribosomal subunits in reconstitution buffer.

PMID- 383018
TI  - Purification and steady-state kinetic analysis of yeast thiosulfate reductase.

PMID- 383019
TI  - The Ca2+-induced membrane transition in mitochondria. I. The protective
      mechanisms.

PMID- 383020
TI  - Heterogeneity of the two tryptophanyl residues in the lac repressor of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 383021
TI  - Dr. Ed. J. H. Hustinx (1875-1946).

PMID- 383022
TI  - Review of the current possibilities for arterial embolization in urology.
AB  - Selective arterial embolization in urology is a new technique used in the
      management of a variety of urologic diseases. In the review of the literature on
      this subject the indications, techniques and materials used, and the
      complications are discussed.

PMID- 383024
TI  - Comparison of IV salbutamol with IV aminophylline in the treatment of severe,
      acute asthma in childhood.
AB  - A double-blind test to compare IV aminophylline with salbutamol in the treatment
      of acute, uncontrolled asthma showed that both drugs were equally effective
      during the first 24 hours. Salbutamol caused a relative tachycardia.
      Hydrocortisone was given after 2 hours, but did not appear to affect the rate of
      recovery.

PMID- 383023
TI  - Effects of pethidine and its antagonists on the newborn.
AB  - Nalorphine and naloxone were compared as to their effectiveness as pethidine
      antagonists. 85 infants were divided into a control group containing 19 newborn
      babies whose mothers did not receive pethidine and the babies received no
      antagonist, and three groups in which the mothers all received pethidine and the
      babies had either no antagonist (24), nalorphine IV (16), or naloxone IV (26).
      All the babies were assessed by measuring their neurobehavioural states and
      respiratory functions. A further 12 newborn babies had naloxone plasma levels
      measured by radioimmunoassay. Although standard doses of nalorphine effectively
      antagonised the depressive effect on respiration induced by pethidine, there was
      a pronounced and undesirable excitatory agonist action. Naloxone was not observed
      to have any agonist activity, but the recommended IV dose (0.01 mg/kg) had only a
      slight and delayed antagonist action as measured by respiratory function tests. A
      more rapid and improved antagonism was noted after this dose was doubled (0.02
      mg/kg). The plasma elimination-phase half-life of naloxone after intravenous cord
      injection was about 3 hours.20

PMID- 383025
TI  - The recruitment of inflammatory cells using the skin-window technique.
AB  - The chemotaxis of inflammatory cells induced by the skin-window technique using
      IgD as cytotaxigen or cytotaxinogen was studied in 16 patients with allergic
      contact dermatitis. Six patients with leg ulcer served as controls. By means of
      this method the recruitment of inflammatory cells with receptors for IgD could be
      shown.

PMID- 383027
TI  - Immunologic implications of PUVA therapy in psoriasis vulgaris.

PMID- 383026
TI  - Evidence for cell-mediated autoimmunity in patients with pemphigus vulgaris and
      bullous pemphigoid.
AB  - Lymphoid cells from 4 of 5 patients diagnosed as pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and 6 of
      7 patients diagnosed as bullous pemphigoid (BP) demonstrated specific cell
      mediated immunity by the production of migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the
      presence of autologous epidermal saline extracts. Clinical treatment of these
      patients with immunosuppressive agents resulted in a state of unresponsiveness of
      their lymphoid cells to similar concentrations of the antigen. Controls consisted
      of lymphoid cells from patients with bullous burns or various drug allergies
      which failed to show significant MIF production in the presence of autologous
      skin extract. These studies suggest that both PV and BP patients posses cell
      mediated immunity (CMI) to their own autologous tissue antigens and this CMI may
      play a role in the pathogenesis of these diseases.

PMID- 383029
TI  - [Use of counterimmunoelectrophoresis on cellulose acetate membrane for the
      diagnosis of human and animal visceral leishmaniasis].

PMID- 383028
TI  - The effect of enzyme-induced pulmonary emphysema in Syrian hamsters on the
      deposition and long-term retention of inhaled particles.

PMID- 383030
TI  - [In memoriam Fritz Kauffmann (1899-1978)].

PMID- 383031
TI  - The treatment of recurrent malignant pleural effusion.
AB  - Effective control of a recurrent malignant pleural effusion can greatly improve
      the quality of life of the cancer patient. At least a dozen different techniques
      have been advocated for controlling this common complication of malignant
      disease. The present review collects and examines the clinical results of all
      techniques designed to treat this problem. The pathophysiology and diagnostic
      evaluation of the effusion are also discussed. On the basis of comparisons
      involving effectiveness, morbidity, and convenience, we recommend intrapleurally
      administered tetracycline with thoracostomy drainage as the technique of choice.
      Instillation of a talc suspension with thoracostomy drainage is also a safe and
      effective technique and should be employed when tetracycline fails or is
      contraindicated.

PMID- 383032
TI  - Therapeutic value of anticonvulsant drugs in poisonings with an organophosphate.
AB  - Therapeutic effects of phenytoin, pentobarbital, diazepam, trimethadione and
      phensuximide given as an adjuvant to atropine and obidoxime in fluostigmine
      intoxication were studied in the rat. It was stated that only trimethadione
      significantly elevated the LD50 value for fluostigmine in animals treated with
      atropine and obidoxime. None of the tested anticonvulsants raised the LD10 value
      above the LD90 value in animals treated only with atropine and obidoxime.

PMID- 383033
TI  - Antihypertensive comparison of furosemide with hydrochlorothiazide for black
      patients.
AB  - Furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide were compared for treatment of black patients
      with mild to moderate hypertension in a randomized, open-label, crossover study
      design. Hydrochlorothiazide produced a significantly greater fall in mean
      arterial (24.7 vs 16.0 mm Hg, P less than .01) and diastolic (17.3 vs 10.1 mm Hg,
      P less than .01) blood pressure (BP) in 16 patients. Addition of methyldopa in
      nine patients produced a significantly greater fall in mean arterial (38.8 vs
      31.9 mm Hg, P less than .05) and diastolic (28.9 vs 23.4 mm Hg, P less than .05)
      BP with hydrochlorothiazide vs furosemide. Renin status was categorized before
      and after treatment. Patients with low and normal renin activity were equally
      responsive to both diuretics. Hydrochlorothiazide caused a greater reduction in
      plasma potassium (0.26 mEg/L). Serum parathyroid hormone was not chronically
      elevated with furosemide. In this study, hydrochlorothiazide was more effective
      than furosemide for treatment of mild to moderate hypertension in black patients;
      renin classification did not predict diuretic responsiveness.

PMID- 383036
TI  - [The importance of mammography for the determination of tumor size in stage
      classification of breast cancer according to the TNM system (5-years-results)
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The influence of mammography upon stage classification according to the TNM
      system is evaluated in 590 breast cancer patients. By using tumour size measured
      on the radiograph instead of the tumour diameter determined by palpation it was
      possible to reclassify a significant proportion of cases in stage III. As much as
      23% (52/228) of cases of stage III could correctly be grouped into stage II or I.
      The prognostic significance of this change is evident from the 5-year survival
      rates. The cases, removed from stage III by correction of the tumour size, show
      the same 5-year survival rates (65%) as cases primarily classified into stage I
      (64%) and II (63%). In view of these results we do recommend the use of
      mammography for stage classification, because it allows correction with
      prognostic significance.

PMID- 383035
TI  - Research history of cytochrome P-450.

PMID- 383037
TI  - [Valuation of autologous bone marrow transplantation in radio- and chemotherapy
      of malignant tumours (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper discusses the prerequisites of bone marrow autotransplantation
      performed as part of cancer therapy, the emphasis being on the condition of the
      patient, the facilities available to the institution for the treatment of cancer
      patients, the biology of the tumour, and the present possibilities of carrying
      out what is called superdose cancer therapy. The practical performance of a bone
      marrow autograft is based upon the withdrawal of bone marrow with indefinite
      vital stem cell preservation by deep cooling at a time when the tumour has not
      yet led to bone marrow metastasizing. The conserved bone marrow is used, in
      subsequent radiological and/or cytostatic superdose therapy, as a reserve in the
      case of extreme damage to hematopoiesis. The discussion of the current status of
      this method and the prospects for its general use reflects the whole spectrum of
      the problems associated with the most favorable procedure to be used, the type of
      superdose therapy to be employed, the time of regrafting, and the accurate
      assessment of the results obtained.

PMID- 383034
TI  - Intrahepatic cholestasis.

PMID- 383038
TI  - Immunosuppressive activity of ledakrin.
AB  - The influence of the cytostatic drug Ledakrin on immunologic induction of PF and
      RF cells was studied. In low doses, the drug had a negligibly small effect on the
      numbers of PFC and RFC, but in high doses nearly entirely prevented their
      appearance. Cells producing IgM were more susceptible to this action than IgG
      producing cells. Absence of a linear relation between the dose of the drug and
      its action was noteworthy. Drug-induced immunosuppression occured in "all-or
      none" fashion. The possibility of oncostatic effect without interfering with the
      immunologic system is discussed.

PMID- 383039
TI  - Practical aspects of selection of streptomyces mutants.
AB  - The methods of industrial strains selection on the basis of some regulatory
      mechanisms are presented. The selection of the producing S. erythreus mutants
      exhibiting higher activity for transformation of erythromycin C to erythromycin A
      is one of the examples for the practical use of the presented method. Some new
      techniques including isotopic methods are presented.

PMID- 383040
TI  - Antibiotics produced by Streptomyces olivaceus 142. Antifungal properties of
      antibiotic WR-142 FPG.
AB  - Antifungal activity of antibiotic Wr-142 FPG was evaluated in vitro and in vivo.
      In vitro, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Candida and Rhodotorula
      was 0.1 microgram/ml (preparation I) and 0.003 microgram/ml (preparation II). In
      vivo, experiments were carried out with model of subacute candidiasis in BALB
      mice. The criteria for antifungal activity of Wr-142 FPG were based on survival
      time of infected animals and numbers of live C. albicans cells in the kidneys and
      spleen of animals infected and treated with the antibiotics. Even a single
      intraperitoneal injection of Wr-142 FPG in mice with subacute candidiosis
      decidedly in prolonged survival time. Antibiotic Wr-142 injected subcutaneously
      on five consecutive days diminished the numbers of C. albicans cells, or even
      eliminated them entirely from the kidneys and spleens of the mice.

PMID- 383041
TI  - [Solitary bone cysts of the ulna (author's transl)].
AB  - The solitary bone cysts occurs most frequently in the upper humerus and femur in
      75% of the cases, and it is very seldom located in the ulna, in 0.5--1.5%. This
      report deals with the treatment results of two children, five and six years old,
      suffering from solitary bone cysts of the lower end of the ulna. In one case a
      subtotal resection of the cyst was carried out and the defect was bridged with an
      autologous iliac bone graft. In the other case the patient was treated by
      curettage, and the defect was filled in with an autologous bone graft and
      cancellous bone out of the tibia. In both cases complete cure of the tumorlike
      lesion was obtained and no loss of function or deformity of the forearm was
      observed 12 and 16 years after operation. In the X-ray picture at that time there
      was no alteration on the length, form or structure of the bone.

PMID- 383042
TI  - Continuity resection of the distal radius.

PMID- 383043
TI  - [Osteitis deformans (Paget)--or a tarda-type of a hereditary hyperphosphatasia
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 383044
TI  - [Usage of feeding yeast "Fermosin" grown on mineral oil distillate in animal
      nutrition. 2. Digestibility of the nutrients of Fermosin feeding yeast on
      broilers (chickens) and fattening pigs].
AB  - The digestibility of the nutrients of Fermosin was tested on pigs and the
      following values were ascertained: organic matter=86%, crude protein=89% and N
      free extractives=83%. The net energy ascertained on the basis of the content of
      nutrients and the digestibility of the nutrients of Fermosin amounts to 617
      energetic feed units for pigs/kg dry matter. The true digestibility of the amino
      acids of Fermosin was determined on pigs and chicken. For lysin the true
      digestibility was ascertained as 95% (pigs) and 73% (Broilers). Due to the
      different digestion abilities of the two animal species, corresponding
      differences in the digestibility of the other amino acids were found as well.

PMID- 383045
TI  - Mutagenic activity of cytostatic methyl hydrazones with different strains of
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Experiments are performed to ascertain the mutagenic properties of four new
      cytostatic methyl-hydrazones in the Ames test using different strains of
      Salmonella typhimurium. As could be demonstrated all four hydrazones are
      mutagenic per se without a metabolic activation through rat liver microsomes (S-9
      fraction). Whereas the beta-chloroethyl hydrazones B1 and B2 cause a base-pair
      substitution with the strains TA100 and TA1535 the methyl-hydrazones EB4 and CyB4
      both cause base-pair substitution with TA100 and frameshift mutation with TA98.
      At both strains the mutagenic activity of Cy84 ist powerful. Furthermore, no
      relation could be detected between the mutagenic properties of the methyl
      hydrazones and their alkylating behaviour on 4-(4-nitrobenzyl)-pyridine.

PMID- 383046
TI  - [Toxoplasma gondii: indirect immunofluorescence diagnosis in swine in the State
      of Sao Paulo, Brazil].
AB  - The frequency of anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in apparently healthy swine from
      Botucatu and from Sao Paulo industrial abattoir was assessed through the indirect
      immunofluorescence test using blood smears collected in filter paper. 225 (22.5%)
      of the 1000 samples examined were reagent with titles varying between 1:20 and
      1:640.

PMID- 383048
TI  - Salmonella meningitis. Occurrence in an adult.
AB  - Salmonella meningitis is predominantly a disease of infants. An adult patient is
      described who had meningitis due to S typhimurium following a traumatic fracture
      of the first lumbar vertebra. A review of previous cases of Salmonella meningitis
      in adults revealed a predominance of infection due to S typhi prior to 1940 with
      a variety of other serotypes isolated since then. Only one of nine patients
      survived prior to the antibiotic era, but three of five patients with Salmonella
      meningitis since 1940 have survived.

PMID- 383047
TI  - [Anti-toxoplasma antibodies in bovine serums in Jaboticabal County; Sao Paulo,
      Brazil].
AB  - Sera of 204 cows in Jaboticabal, S.P., Brazil were examined by indirect
      immunofluorescent test for detecting anti-Toxoplasma antibody. Assuming titers
      from 1:64 as indicative of toxoplasmic infection it was observed 32.3% of
      positive reactions. The antibody titers even to 1:256 represented 7.8% of the
      reacting animals. The serological titers varied from 1:64 to 1:256. No clinical
      story could be correlated with the reacting animals and no isolation was
      performed.

PMID- 383049
TI  - Primary cerebral lymphoma mimicking multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 383050
TI  - Changes in the dentine of human teeth following extraction and their implication
      for in-vitro studies of adhesion to tooth substance.

PMID- 383052
TI  - Ophthalmology and philately: I. Ophthalmologists on stamps.--Albrecht von Graefe
      (1828-1870).

PMID- 383053
TI  - Frontalis suspension in congenital ptosis using a polyfilament, cable-type
      suture.
AB  - Fifty-five frontalis sling procedures were performed with use of 4--0
      polyfilament, cable-type ophthalmic suture (Supramid Extra) as the material for
      suspension. Recurrences numbered 16, recorded through a follow-up period of one
      to ten years. Trauma accounted for five recurrences. A pattern of gradual droop
      of the lid operated on became most obvious between six and ten years
      postoperatively and accounted for six of seven recurrences during this period.
      These findings suggest that this suture material is a poor alternative to fascia
      lata for permanent frontalis suspension in patients with congenital ptosis and
      should be used only in unusual circumstances, or when a temporary procedure is
      indicated.

PMID- 383051
TI  - Cryotherapy of Pseudomonas keratitis and scleritis.
AB  - Three cases of perforated Pseudomonas corneal ulcers with scleral extension were
      treated with keratoplasty and cryotherapy to the remaining cornea and sclera. All
      three cases showed dramatic improvement. Cryotherapy of Pseudomonas keratitis in
      guinea pigs has been shown to be effective. Pseudomonas organisms seem to be
      susceptible to cryotherapy in vivo; there is no effect in vitro. Cryotherapy may
      prove to be a new tool in the treatment of Pseudomonas keratitis.

PMID- 383054
TI  - Ophthalmology and philately: I. Ophthalmologists on stamps--Ricardo Vertiz.

PMID- 383055
TI  - One eye is a necessity; two eyes are a luxury: a commentary.

PMID- 383056
TI  - Juri flap procedure for the treatment of baldness. Two-year experience.
AB  - I report a two-year experience using Juri procedure of transferring twice-delayed
      parietal-occipital flaps to balding areas of the scalp. These operations allow
      massive transfer of genetically determined permanent hair to the cosmetically
      deficient areas of the scalp, whether the condition of baldness is the result of
      injury or hereditary factors. These procedures require careful thought in
      planning the hairline and necessitate minor secondary procedures to achieve the
      most satisfactory results. I discuss concepts for the design of the flap, and
      describe modifications in the surgical techniques as compared with a previous
      report. The Juri operation, although extensive, gives the greatest amount of hair
      transfer in the shortest period of time and has resulted in satisfactory cosmetic
      results in all patients operated on.

PMID- 383057
TI  - The healing of wounds and scar formation under the influence of a tissue adhesion
      system with fibrinogen, thrombin, and coagulation factor XIII.
AB  - The present paper reports the central role of fibrin (and specifically its pre
      stage, fibrinogen), thrombin and coagulation factor XIII in wound healing and
      scar formation. The significance of these three factors had led to the
      development of a tissue adhesion system on a physiological basis, which can be
      applied in widely varying areas of surgery. The adhesive allows the exact, flat
      adaptation of the wound edges and thus promotes flawless scar formation. Two case
      reports complete the exposition.

PMID- 383059
TI  - [Clinical observations in electric stimulation of the ear (author's transl)].
AB  - For 20 years direct electrical stimulation has been used in cases of severe
      bilateral hearing loss or complete deafness to mediate acoustic percepts. The
      relevant literature is reviewed. While these attempts were initially thought to
      be unphysiological and unsuited for transferring speech, acoustic sensations were
      successfully conveyed even with the very simple unichannel electrodes through
      percutaneous signal transfer. Patients fitted with such simple systems were able
      to hear and distinguish environmental noise and speech, their lip reading as well
      as their speech improved. Speech discrimination was, however, impossible with
      such simple implants both on theoretical grounds and in practical terms, because
      frequency analysis is exclusively based on periodicity (up to 400 Hz). Designing
      bipolar multichannel electrodes which, when introduced into the scala tympani or
      the modiolus, produce discrete stimulation of several circumscribed groups of
      nerve fibers, was the logical consequence of earlier attempts along these lines,
      Implantation of these systems can be done along the transmeatal, meato-mastoidal
      or mastoidal approach. The electrodes can be implanted in bundles through the
      round window or into the modiolus; they can, however, also be introduced
      individually through several drill holes in the promontory for placement in the
      scala tympani and vestibuli. This produces a far more differentiated stimulation
      simulating a tonotopic pattern of stimuli. In addition to periodicity, the place
      principle can thus be utilized for frequency coding. While their dynamic range is
      rather poor (15 to 30 dB at best), multichannel systems, in theory, offer
      substantially more favorable conditions for speech intelligibility. Since current
      knowledge of speech coding is, however, inadequate, the degree of intelligibility
      obtainable is still insufficient for everyday life. Inspite of this flaw, such
      implants as are available today substantially benefit the patients, who are able
      to establish acoustic communications with their environment by distinguishing
      environmental noise from speech, to discriminate between male and female voices,
      to recognize musical rhythms and even to understand a few words. Indications for
      the implantation of prostheses, the requisite conditions and postoperative
      training programs are discussed. While cochlear implants are still experimental,
      they appear to be reasonably justified in selected cases, since they have been
      well tolerated by all patients treated sofar without causing any complications
      and since many of the data obtainable can only be collected in humans. It is,
      however, essential that experimental implantation be exclusively dealt with by
      specialized teams, which should evaluate such data as are available and translate
      them into practice as soon as possible. A routine impantation of hearing
      prostheses is currently unwarranted.

PMID- 383062
TI  - Australian midwifery legislation. Part I.

PMID- 383061
TI  - Galactose-1 phosphate uridyl transferase deficiency in the western grey kangaroo
      (Macropus fuliginosus; marsupialia): a model system for gene therapy studies.
AB  - The western grey kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus) was found to be deficient for
      galactose-1 phosphate uridyl transferase (GPUT). This species could be used
      therefore for studies of gene therapy techniques. An improved GPUT assay
      procedure was developed. It was found that phage particles injected intravenously
      remain in the blood of kangaroos until the particles are removed by the
      reticuloendothelial system or, if this system is overloaded, the particles are
      inactivated by the immune system four days later. No effective transgenosis was
      detected of the bacterial gal operon contained in the phage used.

PMID- 383063
TI  - The advance of American nursing. Philip A. Kalisch, Ph.D; Beatrice J. Kalisch,
      Ed.D.

PMID- 383058
TI  - [Anatomical and pathological aspects of the electrical stimulation of the deaf
      inner ear (author's transl)].

PMID- 383064
TI  - Progress in cancer therapy from clinical trials.

PMID- 383065
TI  - The treatment of breast cancer in a French anticancer centre.
AB  - The complete protocol for the treatment of breast cancer at the Institute Gustave
      Roussy, Villejuif, France, is presented. Treatment is carried out by a
      multidisciplinary committee dealing with nearly one thousand new breast cancers
      annually. The protocol is based on initial classification by the T.N.M. system
      and by characteristics indicating "aggressive biological behaviour". Patients are
      separated into three broad groups for which the mainstays of treatment are
      surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The rationale and results of the
      protocol are presented.

PMID- 383066
TI  - Immunofluorescence in chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood.

PMID- 383060
TI  - [Physiological basis for a cochlear prosthesis (author's transl)].
AB  - For the attempt to develop a cochlear prosthesis, which allows some understanding
      of speech, it seems--at least for the first attempts--to be appropriate to mimic
      natural conditions as far as possible. The auditory nerve contains about 30,000
      afferent fibres. Qualitatively, their behavior is similar but quantitative
      measures show considerably differences (2.3). Nothing certain can be said at
      present however about the spiral fibres originating from the outer hair cells.
      The quantitative differences between single afferents concern tuning, frequency
      selectivity, thresholds, intensity functions and--of particular interest for
      electrical stimulation--differences in timing of the activity pattern, brought
      about by differences in travelling time along the cochlear duct (2.3). The time
      differences seen in the activity pattern of different fibres are in the order of
      several ms (2.3.6;2.3.7). Actionpotentials elicited by natural acoustic stimuli
      show probabilistic behavior, that is they are not strictly determined. It is
      obvious that with artificial electrical stimulation not every surviving single
      fibre can be selectively stimulated. An electrode will always stimulate a group
      of fibres simultaneously. With any conceivable electrical stimulation all fibres
      in the suprathreshold region of the electrode will be synchronously activated
      (3.2); a fundamental difference to the natural situation. To estimate the number
      of channels, necessary to stimulate the auditory nerve with sufficient accuracy
      to allow speech perception we consider some psychoacoustic data. These have shown
      that the auditory system possesses the ability to differentiate a great number of
      different pitches, but on the other hand it is capable of integrating different
      frequency areas to a so called critical bandwidth. Sound energy falling into one
      critical bandwidth is integrated to a uniform auditory sensation. If one is to
      integrate various fibres of the auditory nerve to one channel of stimulation it
      seems to be adequate to use the critical bandwidth as a measure (3.1). According
      to this criterion 15 channels would have to be introduced into the speech region
      of the cochlea. This would allow 1.2 mm of cochlear length for each channel.
      Perfect electrical separation of the channels is required. Considering the severe
      distortions in neuronal activity pattern, introduced by electrical stimulation in
      comparison to the natural conditions it is not clear even whether the number
      given would be sufficient. On the other hand, current spreading would appear to
      prohibit any higher electrode density. As far as coding of sound parameters
      within one channel is concerned it is proposed that full use should be made of
      frequency analysis according to the place principle. In respect to coding of
      periodicity and loudness it is proposed to approach natural conditions as far as
      possible (3.3). Here delay times between the individual channels and a
      probabilistic character of the stimuli should be introduced to avoid dominance of
      periodicity pitch...

PMID- 383067
TI  - [Epidemiological monitoring of Staphylococcus aureus].

PMID- 383068
TI  - [Transplantation of subcortical spongiosa in delayed healing of tibial fractures
      in adults].

PMID- 383070
TI  - [In memoriam. Robert Waitz].

PMID- 383069
TI  - Neutralization tests for dengue and Japanese encephalitis viruses by the focus
      reduction method using peroxidase-anti-peroxidase staining.
AB  - Neutralization tests were made on 4 types of dengue (DEN) virus and Japanese
      encephalitis (JE) virus by incubation of serially diluted antisera and constant
      amounts of the viruses and then focus assay of surviving virus infectivity with
      peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) staining. Neutralization reactions were
      virtually completed in 2 hr on incubation of serum-virus mixtures at 28 C. A
      straight regression line was obtained on a probit chart by plotting the focus
      reduction rates at various dilutions of a given serum against the logarithm of
      the serum dilution used in the test. The slopes of the probit regression lines
      for the neutralization for DEN types 1 and 3 were similar, but differed somewhat
      from those for DEN type 2 and type 4. The slope of the line for JE virus was
      quite different from those for DEN viruses. Using these relations, the fifty
      percent focus reduction titer (FR50) of neutralizing antibodies of a given serum
      could be estimated from the focus reduction rates at several dilutions of the
      test serum when the latter was between 25-75% of the value of the control.

PMID- 383071
TI  - Action of human pepsins 1,2,3 and 5 on the oxidized B-chain of insulin.
AB  - Human pepsins 1 and 2 attack the B-chain of oxidized insulin at pH 1.7 at the
      same bonds as does human pepsin 3. At pH 3.5, pepsins 1 and 2 attack insulin B
      chain at essentially the same bonds as at pH 1.7, but more slowly. For all three
      enzymes, the first bond to be hydrolysed is Phe(25)-Tyr(26), followed
      simultaneously by Glu(13)-Ala(14), Leu(15)-Tyr(16) and Tyr(16)-Leu(17). Human
      pepsin 5, however, attacks Phe(24)-Phe(25) first of all, followed by Leu(15)
      Tyr(16) and Tyr(16)-Leu(17). The results suggest that each pepsin has only one
      active site. Acid hydrolysis indicates that the sites of enzymic cleavage are not
      bonds with an inherent instability at low pH.

PMID- 383072
TI  - The specificity of some pig and human pepsins towards synthetic peptide
      substrates.
AB  - 1. The peptidase activities of pig pepsins A and C and human pepsin and
      gastricsin were compared. 2. The peptides studied had the general formula A Leu
      Val-His-B. Hydrolysis at 37 degrees C and pH 2.07 occurred at the amino side of
      the leucine residue for all the enzymes and all the peptides. 3. When A was Ac
      Ala the peptides were hydrolysed under these conditions slowly by pig pepsin C
      only. 4. Pig pepsin A and human pepsin were unable to hydrolyse the tyrosine
      containing peptides under the conditions tested. Gastricsin (human pepsin C) had
      about one-third of the activity of pig pepsin C with these substrates. 5. The
      increase in the rate of hydrolysis caused by the extension of the chain by a
      single alanine residue was most marked for pig pepsin A and human pepsin.

PMID- 383073
TI  - Effect of fixation time on measurement of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate
      pools in the rat embyro.
AB  - Values for the concentrations of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates in rat embryos
      on day 12 of gestation, determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography, were
      artifactually two to three times as high in embryos fixed by cooling in ice/water
      followed by freezing on solid CO2, in 20s, as in those more rapidly/fixed in
      liquid N2, in 1 s.

PMID- 383075
TI  - Bacteriophage P22 development is temperature sensitive in thiolutin resistant
      mutants of Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 383074
TI  - Evidence for a nuclease in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that affects the cell-free
      translation of natural messenger RNA.

PMID- 383076
TI  - The role of cytochrome P-450 forms in 2-aminoanthracene and benz[alpha]pyrene
      mutagenesis.

PMID- 383077
TI  - Mutagenic activities of hydroperoxythymine derivatives, products of radiation and
      oxidation reactions.

PMID- 383078
TI  - Ribosomal assembly defectivity in a set of amber mutants of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 383079
TI  - Current status of dopamine in the mammalian spinal cord.

PMID- 383080
TI  - Nitrosourea-induced DNA single-strand breaks.

PMID- 383082
TI  - Inhibitors of GABA metabolism.

PMID- 383081
TI  - Influence of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) on the synthesis of DNA,
      RNA, and protein in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 383083
TI  - Developments in amino acid transport, illustrated for the blood-brain barrier.

PMID- 383084
TI  - Some aspects of the pharmacology of sodium channels in nerve membrane. Process of
      inactivation.

PMID- 383086
TI  - A uniform database for rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 383085
TI  - 2-Fluorohistidine--effects on protein synthesis in cell-free systems and in mouse
      L cells.

PMID- 383088
TI  - [The time structure of the organism. Effects on cellular reactivity and drug
      susceptibility].

PMID- 383087
TI  - Increase in fibronectin in the deep dermis of involved skin in progressive
      systemic sclerosis.
AB  - The distribution and amount of fibronectin in both involved and uninvolved skin
      from scleroderma patients and controls were compared by indirect
      immunofluorescence. A marked increase in fibronectin was found in the deep dermis
      of involved scleroderma skin, while the subepidermal papillary regions of all
      specimens revealed little variation in fibronectin content. The districution of
      the accumulated fibronectin appeared to parallel that of the accumulated collagen
      in the involved reticular dermis.

PMID- 383089
TI  - Synopsis of results of clinical trials with amitriptylinoxide.

PMID- 383090
TI  - [Enzyme-immunoassay. New techniques for the photometric laboratory (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Enzyme-immunoassays (EIA) are a further development of the radioimmunoassay (RIA)
      employing enzymes instead of radionuclides as labels. This advance makes it
      possible also for the photometric laboratory to determine substances at extremely
      low concentrations. Heterogeneous EIA, mainly named ELISA (enzyme linked
      immunsorbent assay), are based on the same reaction principles as the analogous
      RIA. A characteristic feature is the bound-free separation, which is effected
      primarily by means of solid-phase techniques. The most sophisticated of these --
      the solid-phase tube technique -- lets the immunological reaction take place on
      the inside wall of the reaction vial; the separation step is accomplished by
      simply emptying the vial. Heterogeneous EIA have a universal range of
      applications, from the determination of small haptens to the determination of
      macromolecular particles. Homogeneous EIA have so far been used only for the
      determination of haptenes. They require no bound-free separation step. The change
      in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-haptene-antibody reaction is
      proportional to the concentration of the haptene. In homogeneous assay systems,
      the photometric measurement is susceptible to interference by constituents of the
      sample material, whereas heterogeneous methods do not suffer from this
      disadvantage because the indicator reaction proceeds in an aqueous medium after
      the separation step.

PMID- 383091
TI  - [Principles of controlled trials (author's transl)].
AB  - Wrong interpretations of the results of experimental trials on animals and of
      clinical studies block up scientific progress in medicine and withhold the best
      possible treatment from the patient. They are caused by concomitant influences
      independent of or dependent on treatment. Such bias is avoided only by designing
      "controlled trials". Their definition and principles are discussed here. In
      clinical drug research these principles can almost always be brought into
      concordance with the demands of medical ethics.

PMID- 383092
TI  - [Restrictions and methodological considerations of multicenter trials (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Multicenter or cooperative trials should be initially evaluated for efficacy
      using criteria that in some way measure the degree to which the various centers
      are coordinated. The fundamental limitations of these studies can be traced to
      the inadequacy of coordination among the centers taking part in the trial.
      Whereas the structural homogeneity of the patient groups can be achieved by
      stratification and randomization within the centers, the organisational effort to
      prevent observer variation between centers is often underestimated. In this case
      the selection of the centers has a great bearing. More specifically their
      representativeness plays an important part in the interpretation of the apparent
      differences between the centers.

PMID- 383093
TI  - [Experimental design in phase I (AUTHOR'S TRANSL)].
AB  - Clinical pharmacology has its domain during phase I. The formalisation of phase I
      is not very advanced. Sometimes it is argued that the design of experiments
      during that phase is unnecessary. Just the opposite is true. Trying a new
      substance for the first time in man poses a special necessity for the design of
      experiments in a scientific context. Phase I is described in a formal way. The
      design of experiments with a single subject -- the first one to be exposed to a
      new substance -- is described. Finally Latin squares are dealt with as a useful
      tool for phase I.

PMID- 383094
TI  - [Possible sources of error in compiling data].

PMID- 383095
TI  - [Errors in clinical data collection (author's transl)].
AB  - In the design of clinical trials the collection of the routine data is often not
      sufficiently defined. Numerous mistakes may occur in the registration of blood
      pressure, heart rate, body temperature, body weight, circumferences. The mistakes
      have to be prevented by standardization. In particular the intake of drugs
      especially during long-term medication has to be supervised.

PMID- 383096
TI  - [Neuroleptic infusion therapy with high-dosed fluphenazine (author's transl)].
AB  - 19 chronic schizophrenics who had previously been resistant to various
      neuroleptic treatment regimens, were given extemely high doses (ca. 300-500 mg
      daily) of fluphenazine. 2 infusions were given in the morning and in the
      afternoon. Therapy results, possible side effects and the transition to oral and
      i.m. (depot) modes of application are discussed. The above-mentioned extemely
      high doses of fluphenazine appear to be contra-indicated in depressive states and
      in cases of latent organic brain changes. Psychiatric state hospitals would be
      able to carry out this form of treatment in a special unit for "intensive care"
      in connection with appropriate social rehabilitative methods.

PMID- 383097
TI  - [Extrapyamidal side-effects with 1-day dosage of haloperidol (author's transl)].
AB  - In a double blind study, 30 in-patients (14 females, 16 males, ranging in the age
      from 18 to 55) suffering from an acute paranoid-hallucinatory syndrome, were
      treated with haloperidol for 30 days. 13 patients (3-day group) received 3 times
      a day 3 mg haloperidol (at 8 a.m., 12 a.m,, 5 p.m.) and 17 patients received 9 mg
      haloperidol only in the evening (9 p.m., 1-day group). Placebo instead of
      medication was given at the same time to the control group. Every 5 days the
      following assessments were performed: AMP 3 and 4, Webster and Simpson rating
      scales, handwriting tests according to Haase and psychometric tests according to
      Schoppe. In the 1-day dosage group the amount of anticholinergics were
      significantly reduced (2.4 mg biperiden/day compared to 4.6 mg/day in the 3-day
      group). The 1 daily application of neuroleptics is useful in treating acute
      psychosis. This treatment schedule has the advantages of sedation during the
      night, reduction of side-effects during the day, simpler and cheaper application
      form and induction of social activity.

PMID- 383098
TI  - [The incidence of abnormal EEG patterns with clozapine therapy (author's
      transl)].
AB  - During treatment with clozapine 59% of 127 patients showed abnormal EEGs.
      Remarkable are paroxysmal disturbances with sharp waves and/or SW-pattern in ca.
      13%. Generalized tonic-clonic convulsive cereberal seizures were observed only
      twice.

PMID- 383099
TI  - [Pharmacogenic depressive syndromes in the course of schizophrenic psychoses
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Fluphenazine decanoate treatment causes significantly more depressive syndromes
      than does placebo. These depressions are primarily pharmacogenic. Depending on
      the intensity of symptoms patients are handicapped up to suicidal risk.
      Prophylactical treatment with neuroleptics, which is of great help in many cases,
      needs careful handling of individual dosage. In case depressive symptoms appear,
      first and best therapy is to reduce or even discontinue the application of the
      neuroleptic, later antiparkinsonian drugs should be added (or increased). Only
      when this regimen is unsuccessful or too slow, thymoleptics should be given
      carefully and temporarily. -- A schematized long-term neuroleptic treatment often
      causes needless inconvenience to the patients. Psychiatrists should use the
      spectrum of psychopharmacological drugs carefully, not only to bring a vita
      minima without relapse to the formerly schizophrenic patient but to help him live
      a life worth living after psychosis.

PMID- 383100
TI  - [Fluphenazine dihydrochloride--a multicenter trial on 660 patients (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Selected patients were treated with fluphenazine dihydrochloride. Summarizing the
      studies 51 investigators from 32 hospitals conducted, permits only a relative
      statement because, without doubt, also various additional social and
      psychotherapeutical treatments were employed. The findings, however, emphasize
      the authors' personal judgements considering fluphenazine dihydrochloride a
      qualified drug for psychiatric emergency cases and also particularly for the
      treatment of acute schizophrenic episodes. On account of the broadly disseminated
      identical findings about fluphenazine dihydrochloride further studies are being
      planned to which a scientific standard can be applied.

PMID- 383101
TI  - [Additional treatment to lithium prophylaxis of affective psychoses (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Ten endogenous-depressive patients under lithium maintenance therapy participated
      in a group behaviour therapy program for the modification of behavioural problems
      that are typical for this group of patients. The problem intensity as measured
      individually through a "problem barometer" as well as the score on the Pt-scale
      of the MMPI were reduced significantly over the ten treatment sessions.
      Concurrently, patients' self image regarding depressive components and social
      resonance improved. The effects were still present after a 3-month follow-up
      period. It is concluded that in lithium treated patients behaviour therapy
      methods can be used in the modification of typical behaviour disorders.

PMID- 383102
TI  - [Routine EEG examinations accompanying lithium therapy over two years (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In 15 lithium-treated psychotic patients, the following variables were examined
      over two years at 6-monthly intervals; seru lithium levels, serum electrolytes,
      thyroid function, urinary creatinine and urea, and clinical EEG. The mean serum
      lithium level was 0.64 mval/l and did not change during the two years. When
      compared to the pretreatment EEG, visual analysis did not indicate any specific
      potentials, focal signs, or asymmetrical phenomena such as have been reported in
      the literature. Only at the beginning of treatment could a small increase in
      unspecific, abnormal changes be demonstrated, which, however, decreased during
      the following 18-month period of investigation.

PMID- 383104
TI  - [Piracetam and vigilance. A study of EEG changes and clinical effects in
      gerontopsychiatric patients (author's transl)].
AB  - The electroencephalographic and clinical effects of piracetam were studied in a
      group of 11 hospitalized gerontopsychiatric patients treated with a daily dosage
      of 4.8 g for 8--13 months. The EEG was evaluated by power spectral analysis,
      followed by a principal component analysis of frequency parameters. The
      statistical analysis of the resulting factor scores shows that piracetam induces
      significant EEG changes: decrease of slow frequencies, augmentation and
      acceleration of alpha-activity and increase of beta-activity. These EEG changes,
      indicating an increase in vigilance, correspond clinically to an improvement of
      communicative behavior and cognitive functioning.

PMID- 383103
TI  - Accelerated remission of the alcoholic organic brain syndrome with EMD 21657.
      Double-blind clinical and psychometric trials.
AB  - The efficacy of EMD 21657--a derivative of a pyritinol metabolite--on the
      alcoholic orangic brain syndrome (OBS)) was investigated in a double-blind
      placebo-controlled study. 19 patients received 3X300 mg EMD, 21 patients 3X1
      dragee placebo throughout 6 weeks. The two groups did not differ as to age, sex,
      weight, height, alcohol anamnesis and IQ. Investigations were carried out before
      and at the end of the 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks of drug treatment. While an overall
      evaluation by doctor and patient at the end of the therapy did not reveal any
      signficant differences, it was found by means of the global score and OBS score
      that the OBS improved under both substances, but significantly more so with EMD.
      Psychometric analysis demonstrated that EMD was superior to placebo in regard to
      general, associative and numeric memory, concentration and attention variability,
      psychomotor activity, affect and mood, while the Benton test and attention showed
      opposite findings. Side effects were observed more under EMD than placebo therapy
      and consisted of temporary headaches and dizziness. Our findings demonstrated
      that EMD 21657 has pronounced nootropic and some thymotropic effects.

PMID- 383105
TI  - [Summary of the podium discussion on the fundamentals and guidelines for
      preliminary clinical trials of psychopharmaceutics (phase I and II) Oct. 29,
      1977].

PMID- 383106
TI  - [Bactericidal kinetics of cefazolin, cefoxitin and amikacin alone and in
      combination (author's transl)].
AB  - The in vitro activity of cefazolin, cefoxitin und amikacin alone and in
      combination was determined via membrane filtration against E. coli (n = 2), K.
      pneumoniae (n = 2) and of cefoxitin and amikacin against Proteus vulgaris (n =
      1). Therapeutically achievable concentrations of cefazolin (10 micrograms/ml),
      cefoxitin (10 micrograms/ml) and amikacin (10 micrograms/ml) lead to a rapid
      bactericidal effect against all of our strains. The combination of cefazolin (10
      micrograms/ml) and amikactin (5 micrograms/ml) and cefoxitin (10 micrograms/ml
      and amikacin (5 micrograms/ml) was synergistic against only one of the 2 K.
      pneumoniae strains. Cefoxitin and amikacin were antagonistic against the P.
      vulgaris strain but synergistic against both E. coli strains.

PMID- 383108
TI  - A controlled study of the analgetic effect of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
      drugs in cancer pain.
AB  - With a subjective response technique the analgetic activity of two non-steroidal
      anti-inflammatory agents which greatly differ in kinetics is compared. The double
      blind cross-over trial was carried out in 18 patients of both sexes suffering
      from pain due to malignant tumours who received single doses of 200 mg indoprofen
      and 250 mg naproxen p.o. Both compounds were efficacious and there was no
      difference in the duration of their activity in spite of the great difference
      between their half-lives.

PMID- 383107
TI  - Comparative study of the clinical effects of vincamine + glycerol versus glycerol
      + placebo in the acute phase of stroke.
AB  - The treatment of the acute phase of stroke creates a difficult problem to the
      clinician. The presently used drugs lead to controversial results. The progress
      in knowledge of the pathogenesis of cerebral damage underlines the determinant
      role of the metabolic deficits in the ischemic areas. The effect on the clinical
      symptomatology of patients in the acute phase of stroke was studied during a
      double-blind comparative clinical trial with an alcaloid of Vinca minor
      (Pervincamine) which acts favorably against disturbances of oxydative glucose
      metabolism and of cerebral microcirculation. 20 patients divided into two
      homogeneous groups received during 5 days either Pervincamine (4 ampoules of 3 ml
      = 60 mg vincamine p.d.) + glycerol, or glycerol + placebo administered by i.v.
      infusion. Clinically the results indicate a greater improvement of the
      neurological status (objectivated by a neurological scale) with vincamine
      treatment than with placebo. Statistically the analysis confirms the highly
      significant effect of vincamine on motility of lower and upper limbs (p less than
      0.02) and the significant effect on cranial nerves (homonymous hemianopsia and
      conjugated deviation of eyes) (p less than 0.05) and on the sphincter control
      level (p less than 0.05).

PMID- 383109
TI  - [Dr. Erik Westermann].

PMID- 383110
TI  - [Dedo and Fishman technique for laryngeal release in cervical tracheal
      reconstruction (author's transl)].
AB  - The Authors report two cases of tracheal tumor operated with laryngeal release
      and tracheal mobilization following Dedo and Fishman. They discuss the
      indications and describe this technical procedure which has proved successful in
      obtaining a suture without traction also for 4 cm sleeve resection of trachea.

PMID- 383111
TI  - [A tissue bank: aspects concerning its promotion and organization (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In spite of continued improvement in the production of artificial tissues, there
      are still many instances where replacement of the damaged part by a natural
      tissue grafts would be preferable. It is to satisfy this requirement that tissue
      banding has been developed. In this paper a brief description of the preparation
      of tissue grafts currently being carried out in the Yorkshire Regional Tissue
      Bank is given and the philosophy of tissue banking from a financial and
      scientifical point of view is explained.

PMID- 383113
TI  - Atherosclerosis in lemmings and voles fed a high fat, high cholesterol diet.
AB  - Two species of lemmings and two species of voles were fed a high fat, high
      cholesterol diet for several months. Clethrionomys rutilus had a moderate (2x)
      rise in serum cholesterol while Microtus oeconomus had a marked increase (5x);
      Dicrostonyx stevensoni and Dicrostonyx rubricatus had extreme increases (8x and
      11x, respectively). Typical lesions of atherosclerosis were observed in all
      species, but D. rubricatus had significantly more severe lesions. Hepatic fatty
      infiltration was the principal pathologic lesion found besides atherosclerosis in
      those test rodents which died spontaneously.

PMID- 383115
TI  - [Polarcardiography: terminology, methods and clinical use].

PMID- 383112
TI  - [Bacampicillin, a new semisynthetic antibiotic for oral administration in the
      treatment of urinary tract infections (author's transl)].
AB  - The Authors report the results obtained administering 2.4 g/die of bacampicillin
      in a group of 30 patients suffering from both primary and secondary infections of
      the genito-urinary tracts. The antibiotic displayed excellent tolerability and
      therapeutic effectiveness, determining in almost all the treated cases either the
      resolution or, at least, significant improvement of the inflammatory course; only
      two patients, as a matter of fact, showed mild side effects.

PMID- 383114
TI  - [Climacteric cardiopathy in women].

PMID- 383117
TI  - [Neonatal electrocardiography and the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)].

PMID- 383116
TI  - [Kidney microangiopathy in diabetes (its nature, pathogenesis and treatment)].

PMID- 383118
TI  - The dental profession in Great Britain and Ireland. Directory of schools.

PMID- 383119
TI  - A worthy story.

PMID- 383120
TI  - Bonding of orthodontic attachments: its use and technique.

PMID- 383121
TI  - Aortic valve replacement in a case of Ehlers Danlos syndrome.
AB  - A case of Ehlers Danlos syndrome is described in a 54-year-old Caucasian male. He
      had calcific aortic valve disease and dilatation of the ascending aorta. An
      aortic valve replacement was performed using a Starr prosthesis.

PMID- 383122
TI  - Waller--pioneer of electrocardiography.

PMID- 383124
TI  - The floss-silk lattice repair for unguinal hernias.

PMID- 383123
TI  - The third Lilly Prize Lecture. University of London, January, 1979. The
      nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity of antipyretic analgesics.

PMID- 383125
TI  - Marrow autotransplantation accelerates haematological recovery in patients with
      malignant melanoma treated with high-dose melphalan.
AB  - In a Phase I study, melphalan 140 mg/m2 was administered to 8 patients with
      disseminated malignant melanoma. Marrow was removed from the patients immediately
      before melphalan administration and returned i.v. 8 h later. Studies on marrow
      culture and melphalan pharmacokinetics predicted that this was a safe time to
      administer non-cryopreserved marrow. Four patients received lower doses of i.v.
      melphalan without autologous marrow. In the group receiving autologous marrow the
      time for recovery of peripheral-blood granulocytes to 800/mm2 or greater was
      significantly less (P = 0.01) than in those not receiving marrow. In 7 patients
      the tumour showed evidence of response to the drug and there was 1 complete
      remission. This treatment deserves investigation in patients with tumours more
      sensitive to drugs than melanoma.

PMID- 383126
TI  - A statistical study of sarcoma complicating Paget's disease of bone in three
      countries.
AB  - Details of sex, age at presentation and anatomical site of sarcoma complicating
      Paget's disease of bone were recorded from the literature for white patients in
      Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States over the period 1978--77.
      Evidence is presented to suggest that sex and tumour-site distributions are free
      from bias, except possibly for the skull. There was a male predominance for all
      sites except the skull, where the odds ratio of sarcoma compared with other
      locations is more than twice as high for females as for males. No national
      differences emerged in the sex ratio of patients. In Australia a latitudinal
      effect was observed. Whereas the percentage of males with uncomplicated Paget's
      disease was essentially constant, those with sarcoma showed a decrease with
      increase in latitude from Queensland to Victoria. This was attributable to
      tumours of the skull. Patients with bone involvement above the waist were
      significantly younger than those with affected feet, legs or pelvic girdle.

PMID- 383127
TI  - Dihydrocholesterol-induced gallstones in the rabbit: evidence that bile acids
      cause gallbladder epithelial injury.
AB  - Rabbits fed a diet containing 0.75% dihydrocholesterol for 7 days develop bile
      acid allodeoxycholic (ADCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) stones in the gallbladder.
      In this model, inflammatory changes in the gallbladder mucosa are often observed
      even before stones are formed. Within 3 days of the lithogenic diet,
      abnormalities of platelet function were detectable. Platelet aggregation upon
      addition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was impaired. At the same time the red
      cells became crenated and developed thorny spicules (echinocytes). This
      morphological changes was associated with intracellular dehydration and excessive
      loss of potassium. These changes coincided with a rise in serum ADCA and DCA and
      preceded a slow rise in serum cholesterol. In vitro incubation studies also
      suggested that the bile acids had probably caused membrane injury to the
      platelets and red cells. It is concluded that changes in the bile ADCA and DCA
      probably induce gallbladder epithelial injury in this model of experimental
      cholelithiasis.

PMID- 383129
TI  - Bernard Clive Tate.

PMID- 383128
TI  - Lactoperoxidase activity in guinea-pig milk and saliva: correlation in milk of
      lactoperoxidase with bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli.
AB  - The lactoperoxidase (LPO) activity in guinea-pig milk and saliva has been
      investigated in sows suckling normal young, and young orally infected with
      Escherichia coli. There was a 5-fold increase in activity in milk during the 3--4
      weeks of lactation; infection of the young did not alter this. There was no
      comparable increase in lactoperoxidase activity of saliva during this same
      period, either in the infected or non-infected group. The antibacterial activity
      of milk from sows suckling normal young increased with the lactoperoxidase, and
      this bactericidal activity could be reversed by LPO inhibitors such as
      penicillamine and cysteine but not by addition of sufficient iron to saturate the
      lactoferrin. In milk from sows suckling infected young, bacteriostatic activity
      occurring in samples from about 14 days after infection needed iron or both iron
      and penicillamine (or cysteine) for reversal, indicating that both the antibody
      lactoferrin system and the LPO system may be involved in the infected state.

PMID- 383130
TI  - Clifford D. Evans.

PMID- 383132
TI  - Ph1-positive acute leukaemia and chronic granulocytic leukaemia: one or two
      diseases?

PMID- 383133
TI  - Successful maintenance immunotherapy by BCG of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas:
      results of a controlled trial.
AB  - Forty-eight patients less than 65 years old, suffering non-Hodgkin's malignant
      lymphomas with one or more criteria of poor prognosis, were priorly placed in
      complete remission by an association of chemo + radio + chemotherapy. They were
      then randomized to receive either BCG in weekly scarifications for 3 years or no
      further treatment. Five patients were excluded (four after pathological
      reassessment); 43 are thus evaluable. There were 13 relapses out of 23 control
      patients and three relapses out of 20 treated patients (0.01 less than P less
      than 0.025). This difference is more distinct for clinical stages I and II (0.01
      less than P less than 0.025) than for stages III and IV (not significant). Eight
      patients died in the control group whereas there was only one death in the
      treated group (0.025 less than P less than 0.05). These results indicate than BCG
      is useful in maintaining remission in about 40% of the cases and also in
      increasing their survival, especially in patients with clinical stages I or II.

PMID- 383131
TI  - The inhibitory effect of aspirin on platelet and vascular prostaglandins in rats
      cannot be completely dissociated.

PMID- 383134
TI  - Detection and quantification of platelet-bound antibodies with immunoperoxidase.
AB  - The use of immunocytochemical techniques enables one to quantify antibodies bound
      to cell membranes. We have tested the platelets of subjects with immune
      thrombocytopenic purpura by this method. The washed platelets were incubated in
      the presence of antiglobulin conjugated with an equimolar amount of peroxidase.
      The fixed peroxidase was revealed and quantified by an enzymatic reaction using
      orthodianizidine-H2O2. From the results the number of immunoglobulin molecules
      per platelet was calculated. The test was calibrated so as to eliminate non
      specific fixation of the reagent. Under these conditions the platelets of
      subjects with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura bound a much large amount of
      detectable immunoglobulin (800-21 000 molecules per platelet) than those of
      normal subjects (235 +/- 74 sites per platelet) or subjects with non-immune
      thrombocytopenia (395 +/- 203 molecules per platelet).

PMID- 383136
TI  - A ptosis repair of aponeurotic defects by the posterior approach.
AB  - A simple posterior approach operation for correcting ptosis due to a disinsertion
      of the aponeurosis of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle is presented.
      Muller's muscle is restored to its normal length. Pull-out sutures are used which
      give some postoperative control of eyelid level and allow the procedure to be
      done under general anaesthesia if required.

PMID- 383135
TI  - Surgical management of carcinoma of eyelids and periorbital skin.
AB  - An appraisal of a personal series of 115 unselected and surgically treated
      cutaneous cancers of palpebral region is presented. Histological confirmation of
      the diagnosis and adequacy of excision was obtained for all lesions. Seven of the
      8 patients with doubtful clearance were successfully treated with further surgery
      very soon. Complications were few, the incidence of reoperations low, and
      cosmetic as well as functional results were mostly satisfactory. Tumour recurred
      in 1 case (0.87%). Two patients had a poor cosmetic result. Seventy-nine cases
      (69%) were treated as day cases under local anaesthesia even for major repairs
      like full-thickness reconstruction of two-thirds of the lower eyelid and repairs
      with large full-thickness skin grafts of up to 20 x 55 mm by a new simple
      technique of graft fixation. The use of longer-acting local anaesthetics in
      oculoplastic surgery is described. Attention is drawn to the dangers of using
      direct wound closure for repair.

PMID- 383137
TI  - J. A. Corkey, MD, FRCSI, DOMS.

PMID- 383138
TI  - Desmond Hayton-Williams.

PMID- 383139
TI  - Hydrogen transfer in catalysis by adenosylcobalamin-dependent diol dehydratase.
AB  - Studies [bachovchin, W. W., et al. (1978) Biochemistry 17, 2218] of the mechanism
      of inactivation of adenosylcobalamin-dependent diol dehydratase have led to the
      development of a general method to describe the kinetics of a reaction pathway
      containing a reservoir of mobile hydrogen. Analysis by this method of catalytic
      rate measurements for mixtures of 1,2-propanediol and 1,1-dideuterio-1,2
      propanediol supports a mechanism involving an intermediate with three equivalent
      hydrogens, in which hydrogen transfer from this intermediate to product is the
      major rate-contributing step. Other results using tritium as a trace label
      [essenberg, M. K., et al. (1971) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 93, 1242] are considered in
      light of these deuterium isotope studies.

PMID- 383141
TI  - Isoleucyl transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase. Competitive inhibition with
      respect to transfer ribonucleic acid by blue dextran.
AB  - The inhibitory effects of blue dextran and a small dye molecule derived from it
      (F3GA-OH) on the steady-state reaction catalyzed by Escherichia coli isoleucy
      tRNA synthetase have been studied. Blue dextran gave uncompetitive inhibition
      with respect to Mg.ATP, mixed inhibition with respect to L-isoleucine, and
      competitive inhibition with respect to tRNA. The small dye molecule (F3GA-OH) was
      also competitive with respect to tRNA. These inhibition patterns were not
      consistent with the bi-uni-uni-bi Ping Pong mechanism generally accepted for
      aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. They were consistent with a mechanism in which a
      second L-isoleucine is bound after isoleucyl-AMP synthesis and before transfer of
      the isoleucyl moiety to tRNA. Enzyme-bound L-isoleucine lowered the affinity of
      the enzyme for blue dextran approximately fivefold, a value comparable to the
      ninefold lowering of the enzyme's affinity for tRNA upon binding L-isoleucine.
      The affinity of the synthetase for F3GA-OH (K1 = 1.0 X 10(-7) M) is approximately
      fivefold higher than its affinity for blue dextran (K1 = 5.3 X 10(-7) M). These
      results indicate that blue dextran and its derivatives may be useful for kinetic
      and physical studies of polynucleotide binding sites on proteins as well as NAD
      and ATP sites.

PMID- 383140
TI  - Isoleucyl transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase. Steady-state kinetic analysis.
AB  - A steady-state kinetic analysis was conducted of the overall aminoacylation
      reaction catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. The patterns of Lineweaver-Burk
      plots obtained indicated that tRNA adds to the enzyme only after isoleucyl
      adenylate formation and pyrophosphate release. These kinetic patterns were
      consistent with the bi-uni-uni-bi Ping Pong mechanism generally accepted for this
      aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, but they could also be accommodated by a mechanism in
      which a second molecule of L-isoleucine added to the enzyme between isoleucyl
      adenylate formation and aminoacylation of tRNA [Fersht, A.R., & Kaethner, M.M.
      (1976) Biochemistry 15, 818]. The values of the kinetic parameters favor the
      latter mechanism. The results of this kinetic analysis indicated that the
      affinity of isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase for Mg.ATP was enhanced upon binding of L
      isoleucine and vice versa. It also indicated that the affinity of the enzyme for
      L-isoleucine is decreased upon binding tRNA and vice versa. The values of
      dissociation constants calculated for each of the substrates by this study
      generally compared well with those determined by other authors using a variety of
      kinetic and equilibrium methods.

PMID- 383142
TI  - Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase induced conformational change of Escherichia coli
      tRNA phe.

PMID- 383143
TI  - Evidence for cross-linking of polyribonucleotides with 4'-aminomethyl-4,5',8
      trimethylpsoralen hydrochloride.

PMID- 383144
TI  - Studies of yeast phenylalanine-accepting transfer ribonucleic acid backbone
      structure in solution by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AB  - Approximately 17 diester phosphates from the backbone structure of yeast tRNAPhe
      give rise to phosphorus resonances, which are resolved in its 31P NMR spectrum.
      To localize these diester phosphates within the tRNA structure, 31P NMR spectra
      of several chemically or enzymatically modified yeast tRNAPhe species were
      recorded. To this end selective modifications were performed in the anticodon,
      the DHU, and the T psi C loop. Modifications, performed in different loop
      regions, give rise to perturbation of different characteristic 31P resonances.
      The 31P spectra were correlated with the corresponding 1H NMR spectra of the ring
      N hydrogen-bonded protons and interpreted in view of the X-ray results obtained
      on yeast tRNAPhe. It is concluded that the diester phosphate groups, which
      experience an unusual shift, can be accounted for in the X-ray structure in terms
      of hydrogen-bonded phosphates groups and diester phosphates with a diester
      geometry, deviating from the normal double-helical conformation.

PMID- 383145
TI  - Mechanism of action of D-serine dehydratase. Identification of a transient
      intermediate.
AB  - Static absorbance measurements of D-serine dehydratase from Escherichia coli
      taken at 2 degrees C show that during the steady-state course of D-serine
      conversion the absorption maximum of the Schiff base of the cofactor pyridoxal 5'
      phosphate (pyridoxal-P) is shifted from 415 to 442 nm. Furthermore, the progress
      curve of intermediates was monitored by stopped-flow techniques at wavelengths
      ranging from 320 to 500 nm. A point by point construction of successive spectra
      from these stopped-flow traces at various time intervals after the start of
      reaction resulted in a series of consecutive spectra exhibiting two isobestic
      points at 353 and 419 nm. The half-time of the absorbance changes occurring at
      330 and 455 nm was found to be 6.5 ms, suggesting the observation of a single,
      enzyme-bound intermediate. The spectral data with substrate and inhibitors
      provide evidence that the intermediate is the Schiff base of alpha-aminoacrylate
      and pyridoxal-P. The proposed assignment is strongly supported by experiments of
      apodehydratase with transient-state analogues which exhibit a similar absorbance
      shift on binding to apoenzyme. Moreover, these results suggest that the phosphate
      group of the substrate--pyridoxal-P complex serves as the main anchoring point
      during catalysis. A reaction mechanism of the D-serine dehydratase is presented.

PMID- 383146
TI  - High-resolution phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of yeast
      phenylalanine transfer ribonucleic acid. Melting curves and relaxation effects.
AB  - In a continuation of our studies on structural effects on the 31P chemical shifts
      of nucleic acids, we present 31P NMR spectra of yeast phenylalanine tRNA in the
      presence and absence of Mg2+. Superconducting field (146 MHz) and 32-MHz 31P NMR
      spectra reveal approximately 15 nonhelical diester signals spread over
      approximately 7 ppm besides the downfield terminal 3'-phosphate monoester. In the
      presence of 10 mM Mg2+, most scattered and main cluster signals do not shift
      between 22--66 degrees C, thus supporting our earlier hypothesis that 31P
      chemical shifts are sensitive to phosphate ester torsional and bond angles. At 70
      degrees C, all of the signals merge into a single random coil conformation
      signal. Similar effects are observed in the absence of Mg2+ except that the
      transition melting temperature is approximately 20 degrees C lower. Measured spin
      lattice and spin-spin relaxation times reveal another lower temperature
      transition besides the thermal denaturation process. A number of the scattered
      peaks are shifted (0.2--1.7 ppm) and broadened between 22 and 66 degrees C in the
      presence of Mg2+ as a result of this conformational transition between two intact
      tertiary structures. The loss of the scattered peaks in the absence of Mg2+
      occurs in the temperature range expected for melting of a tertiary structure. An
      attempt to simulate the 31P spectra of tRNA Phe based upon the X-ray
      crystallographically determined phosphate ester torsional agles supports the
      suggestion that the large shifts in the scattered peaks are due to bond angle
      distortions in the tertiary structure.

PMID- 383147
TI  - Brown adipose tissue mitochondria.

PMID- 383148
TI  - Comparison of the effects of increased intracellular calcium and antidiuretic
      hormone on active sodium transport in frog skin. A study with the calcium
      ionophore A23187.
AB  - The addition of the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 (1 microM) to the inside solution of
      the frog skin resulted in an approx. 40% transient increase in the active influx
      of Na+ and ionic conductance, which decayed to an approx. 13% steady-state
      stimulation after 1--2 h. A23187 had no effect from the outside solution.
      A23187's stimulatory action is most likely the result of the ionophore's ability
      to increase intracellular Ca2+. This contention is supported by the following
      experimental results: (1) reintroduction of Ca2+ into a Ca2+-free inner solution
      stimulated Na+ transport only in the presence of A23187: (2) Mg2+ would not mimic
      these effects, and (3) EGTA in the inner solution would inhibit the A23187
      response. The stimulation of active transport and ionic conductances elicited by
      A23187 were found to be very similar to those caused by antidiuretic hormone.
      Several lines of evidence suggest that A23187 may by-pass steps in the normal
      antidiuretic hormone stimulatory process: (1) A23187 and antidiuretic hormone are
      apparently non-additive; (2) A23187 acts three times faster than antidiuretic
      hormone; (3) A23187 stimulates antidiuretic hormone-insensitive frog skins, and
      (4) results from other laboratories indicate that A23187 does not increase cyclic
      AMP concentrations. It is speculated that an increase in free intracellular Ca2+
      may be a step in the normal antidiuretic hormone stimulatory process. This
      increase in intracellular Ca2+ may in turn stimulate active sodium transport by
      increasing the Na+ permeability of the outer 'rate-limiting' membrane.

PMID- 383149
TI  - The effect of altered ergosterol content on the transport of various amino acids
      in Candida albicans.
AB  - Candida albicans cells have low levels of ergosterol when grown in ascorbic acid
      supplemented media. When cells are grown in hydroquinone-supplemented media, the
      ergosterol levels became higher as compared to normal cells. The uptake of
      lysine, glycine, glutamic acid, proline, methionine and serine is reduced in
      hydroquinone-supplemented cells. In contrast to hydroquinone-supplemented cells,
      the rate and level of accumulation of these amino acids are higher in ascorbic
      acid-supplemented cells. Nystatin-resistant isolates of C. albicans with low
      ergosterol contents also exhibit an increased rate and level of accumulation of
      these amino acids. The uptake of phenylalanine and leucine remained unaffected by
      such a change in ergosterol levels brought about by different supplementation of
      the media. The results demonstrate a correlation between ergosterol levels and
      amino acids uptake. Contrary to various reports, the rate of K+ efflux does not
      seem to correlate with the amino acid uptake in C. albicans cells.

PMID- 383150
TI  - An inducible proline transport system in Candida albicans.
AB  - 1. When Candida albicans cells were preincubated with proline or grown in the
      presence of proline as the sole nitrogen source they exhibited a rapid increase
      in the influx of proline (the inducible transport system). 2. The induction
      appeared to be specific for proline and also demonstrated in other Candida
      species. 3. Both the inducible and constitutive proline uptake systems exhibited
      similar characteristic features. 4. The nature of the inducer for proline uptake
      in C. albicans appeared to be free proline. 5. The development of the inducible
      proline transport system was dependent on concomitant synthesis of RNA and
      protein and the induction was not affected by glucose or any other carbon sources
      used.

PMID- 383151
TI  - Variant forms of matrix protein in Escherichia coli B/r bearing N plasmids.
AB  - Plasmids of the N incompatibility group have been found to decrease or virtually
      eliminate the synthesis of the 36,500 dalton outer membrane matrix protein of
      their Escherichia coli B/r hosts (Iyer, R. (1977) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 470, 258
      -272 and Iyer, R., Darby, V. and Holland, I.B. (1978) FEBS Lett. 85, 127--132) or
      modify its composition. Although the 34,000 dalton tol G protein is slightly
      increased in some strains, it is identical in composition to the homologous
      protein from the plasmidless host. In three of five N+ strains the synthesis of
      the modified matrix proteins depends on the temperature of cultivation of the
      strains in which they occur. The alterations to the matrix proteins are non
      identical and do not affect the expression of several plasmid-coded functions
      including those of sensitivity to the N plasmid-specific filamentous
      bacteriophage IKe (Khatoon, H. and Iyer, R. (1971) Can. J. Microbiol. 17, 669-
      675), or their interbacterial transfer via conjugation to appropriate recipient
      strains. Thus, although the significance of the variant matrix proteins in N+
      strains with respect to plasmid-mediated functions remains unclear, N plasmids
      nevertheless provide a convenient system which might be used to elucidate the
      events that precede the insertion of this protein into the outer membrane of E.
      coli B/r hosts.

PMID- 383152
TI  - Application of laser Raman and infrared spectroscopy to the analysis of membrane
      structure.

PMID- 383153
TI  - Rhodopsin in model membranes.

PMID- 383154
TI  - Resolution of the coenzyme B-12-dependent dehydratases of Klebsiella sp. and
      Citrobacter freundii.
AB  - Diol dehydratase (1,2-propanediol hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.28) and glycerol
      dehydratase (glycerol hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.30) are shown to be distinct,
      separable enzymes that occur individually or together in different strains of
      Klebsiella sp. Anaerobic growth with propan-1,2-diol induces diol dehydratase
      alone, whereas glycerol fermentation induces both enzymes in K. pneumoniae ATCC
      25955 and in Citrobacter freundii NCIB 3735. The dehydratases can be resolved by
      polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis or separated by anion-exchange chromatography
      alone. Sucrose density gradient centrifugation failed to distinguish the enzymes
      and indicated a molecular weight of 1.9 . 10(5) for both. The enzymes can be
      assayed individually, even when present in the same crude extract, using the 67
      fold difference in their Km values for coenzyme B-12. For both enzymes
      inactivation kinetics are observed with glycerol as substrated, and monovalent
      cations influence both the inactivation rate and catalytic rate of the reaction.

PMID- 383155
TI  - Purification and characterization of the extracellular proteinase of Serratia
      marcescens.
AB  - The extracellular proteinase produced by a depressed strain of Serratia
      marcescens ATCC 25419 was purified and characterized. This produces more than 10
      times the amount of extracellular proteinase produced by other strains of
      Serratia tested. The purified enzyme was prepared from the culture supernatant by
      (NH4)2SO4 fractionation and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The purified enzyme
      has an so20,w of 3.95 and is a monomer of molecular weight 51,900. The proteinase
      has a broad pH optimum in the alkaline range with a maximum at pH 9.5. The enzyme
      will utilize a number of proteins as substrate. The products of digestion are
      primarily in the size range of tripeptides to hexapeptides. Peptides containing a
      sensitive bond and a minimum size of size amino acids are hydrolyzed. The
      proteinase is inhibited by chelating agents but unaffected by sulfhydryl or
      serine reagents and is devoid of esterase activity.

PMID- 383156
TI  - Age-dependent increase in the formation of prostaglandin I2 by intact and
      homogenised aortae from the developing spontaneously hypertensive rat.
AB  - The prostaglandin I2 biosynthetic capacity of aortae from spontaneously
      hypertensive rats of various ages (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 months) was investigated. An
      age-dependent increase in enzyme activity was observed reaching maximum by three
      months of age which correlated well with the age- related increase in the
      systolic blood pressure. These results support our notion that the enhanced
      aortic synthesis of the potent vasodepressor prostaglandin I2 by the
      spontaneously hypertensive rat likely represents an adaptive mechanism for the
      attenuation of the sustained elevation in blood pressure in this animal model.

PMID- 383157
TI  - Comparison between the in vivo rate of metabolism of prostaglandin I2 and its
      blood-pressure-lowering response after intravenous administration in the rat.
AB  - Intravenous bolus injection of prostaglandin I2 in the Inactin-anaesthetised rat
      produces a slow dose-dependant vasodepression which reaches maximum approximately
      15 s. after injection. Administration of 9 beta-[3H1]-prostaglandin I2 by the
      same route followed by serial arterial sampling and TLC analysis revealed a slow
      conversion into one less polar metabolite starting after 20 s and reaching 40% by
      two minutes in the circulation. These experiments indicate that prostaglandin I2
      survives pulmonary transit for a sufficiently long time to elicit a biological
      action. Thus its continuous systemic vascular synthesis could play an important
      role in the control of hypertension.

PMID- 383158
TI  - Cord factor (trehalose-6-6'-dimycolate) of in vivo-derived Mycobacterium
      lepraemurium.
AB  - Harvests of Mycobacterium lepraemurium obtained from livers of moribund infected
      mice yielded M. lepraemurium cell walls that were extracted with solvent to
      provide crude M. lepraemurium cell wall lipids. By solvent fractionation and
      chromatography on DEAE cellulose and cellulose, a cord factor-like glycolipids
      contaminated with mycoside C was obtained. Additional solvent treatment provided
      the purified glycolipid, which was identified as 6,6'-trehalose dimycolate, by
      infrared and chromatographic comparison with authentic samples from M.
      tuberculosis, by identification of trehalose and specific mycolates of M.
      lepraemurium, and by permethylation analysis. This constitutes the first
      unequivocal identification of cord factor as a product of in vivo-derived
      mycobacteria.

PMID- 383159
TI  - Catabolite inactivation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in spheroplasts from
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Catabolite inactivation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was studied in yeast
      spheroplasts using 0.9 M mannitol or 0.6 M potassium chloride as the osmotic
      support. In the presence of potassium chloride the rate of catabolite
      inactivation was nearly the same as that occurring in intact yeast cells under
      different conditions of incubation. However, in the presence of mannitol,
      catabolite inactivation in spheroplasts was prevented. The mannitol inhibition of
      catabolite inactivation was released by addition of ammonium or phosphate ions.
      At a concentration of 0.3 M ammonium or 0.06 M phosphate ions, the maximum rate
      of catabolite inactivation in spheroplasts suspended in mannitol was achieved and
      was comparable with that observed in spheroplasts incubated in 0.6 M potassium
      chloride as the osmotic stabilizer. Sodium sulfate (0.04 and 0.4 M) or potassium
      chloride (0.06 and 0.6 M) did not release the mannitol inhibition of catabolite
      inactivation in spheroplasts. In intact yeast cells, 0.9 M mannitol, 0.08 M
      ammonium or 0.1 M phosphate ions did not influence the rate of catabolite
      inactivation. The nature of the effect of mannitol, ammonium and phosphate ions
      on catabolite inactivation in yeast spheroplasts is discussed.

PMID- 383161
TI  - Kinetics of changes in lymphoid organ weight and the cellular composition under
      leukosis of the latter, inoculated with different amounts of cells.
AB  - The authors studied the kinetic pattern of weight change in lymph glands, spleen,
      thymus, and their cellular composition during the development of mouse
      reticulosarcomatosis and Shvets' leukosis when the transplant contained different
      numbers of tumor cells. They found that during the development of
      reticulosarcomatosis, the weight of lymph glands and their content of lymphocytes
      and plasmocytes undergo enormous changes; the weight of the spleen and its
      content of lymphocytes increase gradually while the kinetic curve of plasma cell
      changes presents two maxima. During the development of Shvets' leukosis, the
      weight of spleen and lymph glands and their lymphocyte content change enormously
      while the number of plasmocytes rises exponentially. In every case, the authors
      determined a definite dependence of the reaction of lymphoid organs on the size
      of the transplantate.

PMID- 383160
TI  - Degradation of proteins in steady-state cultures of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The degradation of proteins in Escherichia coli was investigated in cells grown
      under steady-state conditions in a glucose-limited chemostat. During the first 24
      h, approximately 25% of pulse-labeled proteins were degraded and after 72 h up to
      58% of the proteins were broken down. To examine the stability of subcellular
      components steady-state cultures were labeled with an initial pulse of
      [14C]leucine, 24 h were allowed for turnover of these proteins, and the cells
      were then labeled with a short pulse of [3H]leucine. By this double-label
      protocol, the labile proteins were preferentially labeled with [H]leucine and had
      high 3H/14C ratios, while the more stable proteins had lower 3//14C ratios. The
      3/-labeled proteins were degraded approximately five times as rapidly as the 14C
      labeled proteins in exponentially growing cells. The relative stability of
      subcellular fractions was determined by comparing their 3H/14C ratios to the
      ratio of the cells at harvest. The soluble fraction contained the most labile
      proteins, while the ribosomal and membrane fractions were at least as stable as
      the average cell protein.

PMID- 383162
TI  - Vacuolar pool of magnesium in cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cereviciae.
AB  - Cytochemical analysis and the fluorescence spectra of yeast cells indicate the
      existence of a vacuolar pool of magnesium and manganese in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae. It was suggested that the tonoplast of yeast cells contains a system
      of transport of Mg++ and cations of divalent metals, which participates in the
      regulation of the level of these ions in the cytosol.

PMID- 383163
TI  - Dynamics of glucose-induced plasma insulin increase in the rat fetus at different
      stages of gestation. Effects of maternal hypothermia and fetal decapitation.
AB  - The effect of glucose on the release of insulin from the pancreas of 19.5- to
      21.5-day-old rat fetuses has been studied in utero. Fetal hyperglycemia was
      induced by a square-wave glucose infusion into pregnant rats over a period of 150
      min. The infusion of glucose raised the fetal blood glucose concentration to that
      of the mother and induced a rapid increase of plasma insulin levels on day 19.5
      of gestation. There was a progressive rise of the insulin response as the
      gestation proceeded, with an increase of the two phases of the hormonal
      secretion. Maternal hypothermia induced by pentobarbital anesthesia decreased
      markedly the insulin response to hyperglycemia in the mothers and their fetuses.
      In fetuses decapitated on day 18.5 and studied on day 21.5, the increase of
      plasma insulin concentration after a 1-hour hyperglycemia was similar to that in
      the littermate control fetuses.

PMID- 383166
TI  - Interactions of estradiol and progesterone on pituitary gonadotropin secretion:
      possible sites and mechanisms of action.

PMID- 383164
TI  - Morphological correlates for LHRH self priming and anterior pituitary gland
      refractoriness to LHRH in proestrous rats: an immunocytochemical study.

PMID- 383167
TI  - Hypotheses concerned with axonal regeneration in the mammalian nervous system.

PMID- 383165
TI  - Time course of serum FSH suppression in ovariectomized rats injected with porcine
      follicular fluid (folliculostatin): effect of estradiol treatment.

PMID- 383168
TI  - Synapses between neurones in the central nervous system of the leech.

PMID- 383169
TI  - Dopamine receptor stimulating agonists in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
AB  - In this article, the clinical actions of the principal dopamine receptor
      stimulating agents (apomorphine and its derivatives; piribedil, rye-ergot
      derivatives) are discussed on the basis of their biochemical and pharmacological
      properties.

PMID- 383170
TI  - Osteopetrosis reconsidered as a curable immune disorder.
AB  - Osteopetrosis is a unique model for investigating osteoclast formation from
      lymphocytes and more precisely from T-lymphocytes. In the pathogenesis of this
      condition, a thymic impairement must be postulated. The cure of several
      osteopetrotic animal mutants and an infant suffering from juvenile malignant
      osteopetrosis by injecting normal marrow are the first examples of the successful
      management of a bone disorder by cell injection.

PMID- 383171
TI  - Adjuvant therapy in colorectal cancer. (A randomized trial comparing radio
      chemotherapy and radio-chemotherapy combined with the methanol extraction residue
      of BCG, MER).
AB  - Fifty-three patients with colorectal cancer Dukes' B2 and C were randomized after
      surgery. One group was treated by radio-and/or chemotherapy and the second by
      radio-and/or chemotherapy and MER. After 24 and 36 months a significant longer
      disease free interval, lower recurrence rate and better survival was found in the
      group treated by radio-chemo- and immunotherapy. Treatment was well tolerated and
      there were few local side effects from the MER injections. The long time efficacy
      of this adjuvant treatment whether it increases the cure rate or only delays
      recurrence does require longer follow-up.

PMID- 383172
TI  - Experimentation in space and biorheology.

PMID- 383173
TI  - Cyclosporin A -- a new outlook for immunosuppresion in clinical transplantation.

PMID- 383175
TI  - [Respiratory assistance by lung inflation in the 18th century (author's transl)].

PMID- 383174
TI  - Haemostasis during transvesical prostatic adenomectomy. A controlled trial on the
      effect of drugs with antifibrinolytic and thrombin-like activities.
AB  - Blood loss, plasma fibrinolytic activity, prothrombin, P.T.T., and fibrinogen
      plasma levels were measured in 30 patients subjected to transvesical
      adenomectomy. These parameters were evaluated during 7 consecutive days after the
      operation. Ten patients received the antifibrinolytic substance (AMCHA), ten
      patients received Bothrops Jararaca venom extract, and ten patients served as
      controls. The results show that the coagulating fraction of Bothrops Jararaca
      snake venom reduces intraoperative bleeding without influencing the haemostatic
      balance. Postoperative haematuria could be reduced by antifibrinolytic agents.

PMID- 383176
TI  - The Fielding H. Garrison Lecture: the physician in medieval Muslim society.

PMID- 383177
TI  - Active euthanasia: an historical survey of its conceptual origins and
      introduction into medical thought.

PMID- 383178
TI  - "The greening of epidemiology": sanitary physicians and the London
      Epidemiological Society (1830-1870).

PMID- 383179
TI  - Medicine and bureaucracy: Jean Colombier's regulation for the French depots de
      mendicite.

PMID- 383180
TI  - The Municipal Clinic of San Francisco: a study in medical structure.

PMID- 383182
TI  - Changing practices and disease patterns at the University of Virginia Hospital
      since 1907.

PMID- 383181
TI  - The New Jersey radium dial painters: a classic in occupational carcinogenesis.

PMID- 383183
TI  - Using computerized literature searches to produce faculty publications lists.

PMID- 383184
TI  - [Pathophysiology of status asthmaticus (author's transl)].

PMID- 383185
TI  - Is my patient a potential donor for kidney transplantation?

PMID- 383186
TI  - Havelock Ellis and his 'Studies in the psychology of sex'.
AB  - The life of Havelock Ellis is described; his personality and life experiences are
      related to the writing of his major work. Important sections of the 'Studies' are
      summarized and their relevance to contemporary sexology is emphasized.

PMID- 383187
TI  - Reading about ... Liaison psychiatry.

PMID- 383188
TI  - Cycles in the care of the insane.

PMID- 383189
TI  - On the transmission of dementia: a personal view of the slow virus problem.

PMID- 383190
TI  - Reading about...psychopharmacology.

PMID- 383191
TI  - Diagnostic ultrasound.

PMID- 383193
TI  - Treatment of acute renal failure with artificial kidneys.

PMID- 383194
TI  - Thomas Bevill Peacock and the early history of dissecting aneurysm.

PMID- 383192
TI  - Bilateral ureteric obstruction secondary to reticulum cell sarcoma.

PMID- 383196
TI  - Suicide and attempted suicide.

PMID- 383195
TI  - Randomised trial comparing buprenorphine and diamorphine for chest pain in
      suspected myocardial infarction.
AB  - Buprenorphine, a new powerful analgesic agent, was used to treat chest pain in
      patients with suspected myocardial infarction. Initial studies showed no
      significant changes in systemic or pulmonary artery blood pressure or in heart
      rate after intravenous buprenorphine. Sublingual buprenorphine also appeared
      effective in relieving pain, but its onset of action was considerably delayed
      compared with the intravenous route. A randomised double-blind controlled trial
      of equivalent doses of buprenorphine and diamorphine showed no significant
      difference between the drugs in terms of pain relief and duration of action. The
      occurrence of nausea, vomiting, and other side effects was similar in the two
      groups. The onset of action of buprenorphine was slightly but significantly
      slower than that of diamorphine. Since buprenorphine seems to be comparable with
      diamorphine in action and is not a controlled drug, it may prove useful in both
      general and hospital practice.

PMID- 383198
TI  - Immunoreactive sites for nerve growth factor (NGF) in the goldfish brain.

PMID- 383197
TI  - Fifty years of penicillin.

PMID- 383199
TI  - Injection of tRNAs into somatic cells: search for in vivo systems to assay
      potential nonsense mutations in somatic cells.

PMID- 383200
TI  - Transposition of DNA sequences.

PMID- 383201
TI  - Interconversion of mating type in S. cerevisiae and the Cassette model for gene
      transfer.

PMID- 383202
TI  - A mobile suppressor gene in yeast.

PMID- 383203
TI  - Genetic engineering as an adaptive strategy.

PMID- 383204
TI  - The expression of cloned eukaryotic DNA in prokaryotes.

PMID- 383212
TI  - Trauma to primary dentition is ignored.

PMID- 383208
TI  - Scientific methodology lacking - some implant patients suffer needlessly.

PMID- 383206
TI  - [Surgical treatment of malignent tumors].

PMID- 383207
TI  - [Late plastic correction of eyelid injuries].

PMID- 383213
TI  - ADA reaches temporary agreement with FTC in anti-trust suit.

PMID- 383205
TI  - Viroids: autoinducing regulatory RNAs?

PMID- 383214
TI  - Dentists' role important in early cancer detection.

PMID- 383209
TI  - CDA appoints new executive director (Hubert E. Drouin).

PMID- 383215
TI  - Therapy for cleft palate victims.

PMID- 383211
TI  - [Psychotherapy of psychosomatic diseases such as non-organic temporo-mandibular
      pain dysfunction in adolescents].

PMID- 383217
TI  - 24-hour dental service for foreign seamen.

PMID- 383216
TI  - CDA successful in standard dental claim form negotiations.

PMID- 383210
TI  - Advanced residual ridge reduction: alloplastic implants in prosthodontics.

PMID- 383218
TI  - Mouth guards essential--all sports hazardous.

PMID- 383219
TI  - Clinical technique: making band space maintainers.

PMID- 383221
TI  - [Psychotherapy of psychosomatic disorders such as non-organic painful temporo
      mandibular joint dysfunction in adolescents. Part 2].

PMID- 383222
TI  - Dentist claims shortcomings of work in northern Canada must be carefully
      considered by applicants.

PMID- 383223
TI  - The history of a Status Report.

PMID- 383220
TI  - A rare case of multiple tooth impaction.

PMID- 383224
TI  - Status report from the Council for Dental Materials and Devices. The hazards of
      mercury contamination in a dental practice.

PMID- 383226
TI  - Penicillin induced meutropenia.

PMID- 383227
TI  - [Psychotherapy of psychosomatic disorders such as non-organic painful temporo
      mandibular joint dysfunction in adolescents. Conclusion].

PMID- 383231
TI  - Preparation of beta-cells from fetal bovine pancreas: characterization of insulin
      biosynthetic activity.
AB  - Dispersed cell preparations enriched in beta-cells were obtained by collagenase
      digestion of fetal bovine pancreas and separation by Ficoll gradient
      centrifugation. These cells actively incorporated [3H]leucine into proinsulin and
      insulin. Incubation of these cells in the presence of the arginine analogue, L
      canavanine, resulted in the inhibition of conversion of newly formed proinsulin
      to insulin and the appearance of a radioactive component of molecular weight
      11,000-12,000. Incorporation of [35S]methionine into this component was detected
      in the presence of canavanine, an event not observed in control incubation.
      Canavanine thus induced the formation of a component possessing molecular weight
      and compositional properties expected for preproinsulin. Further characterization
      of cellular products by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl
      sulfate showed a highly labeled band corresponding to molecular weight 18,000
      20,000 which might be involved in insulin biosynthesis.

PMID- 383230
TI  - Dr. Best, insulin, and molecular evolution.

PMID- 383229
TI  - Diabetes: the pancreas and insulin, a retrospective view.

PMID- 383225
TI  - Wolfville's Dr. Jim Logue. Local sportsman, dentist and friend.

PMID- 383232
TI  - The effects of prostaglandins on secretion of glucagon and insulin by the
      perfused rat pancreas.
AB  - The secretion of both glucagon and insulin by the isolated perfused rat pancreas
      was significantly stimulated by 10(-7) M PGH2. Experiments to show that the
      stimulated secretion was mediated by conversion of PGH2 to TXA2 or TXB2 revealed
      no correlation between the amount of secretion and the amount of thromboxane
      formed. Conversion of PGH2 with a crude platelet thromboxane synthase preparation
      caused a progressive loss of ability to secret insulin, whereas the capacity to
      stimulate release of glucagon remained at about one-half the maximal level. This
      relatively stable and selective secretagogue action on the alpha-cells appeared
      to be due to the formation of PGD2 by the platelet preparation. Direct
      administration of PGD2 confirmed this interpretation and showed clearly that this
      prostaglandin is a potent secretagogue for glucagon with little activity in
      stimulating the release of insulin. Our results have shown high and relatively
      equal stimulation of secretion by alpha- and beta-cells with exogenous PGE2, PGF2
      alpha, and PGH2, little or no secretion by either cell type with TXA2, TXB2, or
      PGI2, and a unique selective stimulatory action of PGD2 upon the alpha-cell.

PMID- 383233
TI  - Dicarboxylic acid transport in Escherichia coli K12: involvement of a binding
      protein in the translocation of dicarboxylic acids across the outer membrane of
      the cell envelope.
AB  - We have previously found that the dicarboxylate transport system in Escherichia
      coli K12 is an active transport system and that at least one binding protein and
      two cytoplasmic membrane transport components are involved in the uptake of
      dicarboxylic acids. Recently, through surface labelling studies, some
      dicarboxylate binding proteins were found to be exposed on the cell surface. In
      the present paper, we demonstrate that the dicarboxylate transport component
      located in the outer membrane can be inactivated by two different kinds of
      nonpenetrating inhibitors, viz. proteases, and diazosulfanilic acid. These
      inhibitors seem to act on the dicarboxylate binding protein. By adding this
      protein to inactivated cells or to transport-negative mutants, we have succeeded
      in reconstituting the dicarboxylate transport system. These findings suggest that
      the dicarboxylate binding protein found on the cell surface plays an essential
      role in the translocation of dicarboxylic acids across the outer membrane.

PMID- 383228
TI  - In memoriam: Charles Herbert Best (1899-1978).

PMID- 383234
TI  - Microtubules, colchicine, and lymphocyte blastogenesis.
AB  - We have studied the time course of disassembly of microtubules of resting and
      stimulated mouse lymphocytes caused by the drug colchicine, as well as the effect
      of this compound on DNA and RNA synthesis of human and mouse lymphocytes. Fine
      structure studies with the electron microscope showed a great increase in number
      of microtubules resulting from stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by the mitogenic
      lectin Con A. The presence of a network of microtubules was demonstrated in
      resting lymphocytes by use of the technique of immunofluorescence; this technique
      was not effective for the study of the microtubules of stimulated lymphocytes in
      the blast stage. The disappearance of microtubular networks in some cells
      (approximately 25%) was caused by the protocol of colchicine treatment used in
      many laboratories (30 min at 10(6) M); a 6- to 8-h treatment was required to
      cause all cells to lose their microtubules. It is indicated in these findings
      that there is need for extreme caution in implicating microtubule disruption as
      the cause of certain colchicine effects, such as that on the Con A-induced
      inhibition of receptor-ligand migration. The addition of colchicine to stimulated
      cells at varying times of culture caused marked inhibition of DNA synthesis
      provided that sufficient time (approximately 20 h for maximum inhibition) elapsed
      between addition of the drug to the stimulated culture and assay of DNA
      synthesis. Our data on the time course of inhibition of DNA synthesis by alpha
      methyl mannoside (alpha MM) and by colchicine do not exclude the possibility that
      the latter compound may act partially by affecting the commitment of stimulated
      lymphocytes to DNA synthesis but they show that it can inhibit well after
      commitment is complete. The later the time of assay of thymidine incorporation,
      the more disparate were the curves relating the effects of alpha MM and
      colchicine to DNA synthesis of human cells. In the case of mouse splenic
      lymphocytes, there was no resemblance between the time course of the alpha MM and
      of the colchicine effects. Synthesis of RNA after 12 h of culture of stimulated
      human lymphocytes was also sensitive to colchicine.

PMID- 383235
TI  - Purification and properties of a citrate-binding transport component, the C
      protein of Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Salmonella typhimurium was shown to contain a citrate-binding protein (C protein)
      which was purified to homogeneity from the periplasmic fraction released by cold
      osmotic shock. The protein is dimeric, has an apparent molecular weight of 28 000
      and an isoelectric point of 6.1. Sodium ions were required for optimum substrate
      binding, however, the divalent cations Zn2+, Mg2+, and Co2+ were inhibitory. The
      C protein was relatively stable but sensitive to various detergents and
      chaotropic agents. Approximately one citrate molecule was bound per molecule of
      protein and citrate binding (Kd = 1-2.6 microM) was strongly competitively
      inhibited by DL-isocitrate and DL-fluorocitrate but not by other carboxylates.
      Neither succinate, glutamate, nor acetate were bound to the C protein. No
      apparent enzyme activity was associated with this protein. A concomitant
      reduction in the level of binding protein and in citrate transport activity
      occurred in osmotically shocked cells as well as with L-malate- or succinate
      grown cells. Fluorocitrate-resistant mutants were simultaneously defective in
      citrate transport, citrate binding, and production of cross-reacting material.
      One transport-defective mutant did produce citrate binding protein.

PMID- 383236
TI  - Purification and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto,
      Ont., Canada.
AB  - Factor EF-P is a nonribosomal (soluble) protein of Escherichia coli that
      stimulates peptide bond synthesis when certain aminoacyl-tRNA analogues are used.
      The purification of this protein to apparent homogeneity is described here. EF-P
      has a molecular weight of about 21 000, a Stokes radius of 27 A (1A = 0.1 nm),
      and a frictional coefficient of 1.48, suggesting an asymmetric structure. By this
      and a number of other criteria, EF-P is a new factor that controls peptide bond
      formation during protein biosynthesis.

PMID- 383237
TI  - Aspartate transcarbamoylase: loss of homotropic but not heterotropic interactions
      upon modification of the catalytic subunit with a bifunctional reagent.
AB  - The role of conformational changes in the allosteric mechanism of aspartate
      transcarbamoylase from Escherichia coli was studied by reacting the isolated
      catalytic subunit with the bifunctional reagent tartryl diazide. Two derivatives
      differing moderately in substrate affinity were obtained depending on whether the
      reaction was conducted in the presence or absence of the substrate analogue
      succinate and carbamoyl phosphate. The modification was not accompanied by
      aggregation or dissociation. The modified catalytic subunits retained the ability
      to reassociate with unmodified regulatory subunits and produced hybrids similar
      in size to the native enzyme. These hybrids were appreciably sensitive to the
      allosteric effectors ATP and CTP but unlike native enzyme showed no cooperativity
      in substrate binding. The Michaelis constants of these hybrids for aspartate were
      intermediate between that of the isolated catalytic subunit and that of the
      relaxed state. Activation by ATP was caused by a reduction in Km to the value
      characteristic of the relaxed state whereas CTP inhibited by lowering the Vmax.
      The properties of the hybrids are strikingly similar to the modified enzyme
      obtained by Kerbiriou and Herve from cells grown in the presence of 2-thiouracil.
      However, the crucial modifications are found in the regulatory subunits of the
      enzyme studied by these authors whereas they are located in the catalytic
      subunits of the hybrids reported here. Our results suggest that interactions
      between the catalytic and regulatory subunits have considerable effects on the
      state of the substrate binding sites in the native enzyme.

PMID- 383238
TI  - Purification and characterization of membrane-bound fumarate reductase from
      anaerobically grown Escherichia coli.
AB  - Fumarate reductase has been purified 100-fold to 95% homogeneity from the
      cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli, grown anaerobically on a defined medium
      containing glycerol plus fumarate. Optimal solubilization of total membrane
      protein and fumarate reductase activity occurred with nonionic detergents having
      a hydrophobic-lipophilic balance (HLB) number near 13 and we routinely
      solubilized the enzyme with Triton X-100 (HLB number = 13.5). Membrane enzyme
      extracts were fractionated by hydrophobic-exchange chromatography on phenyl
      Sepharose CL-4B to yield purified enzyme. The enzyme whether membrane bound, in
      Triton extracts, or purified, had an apparent Km near 0.42 mM. Two peptides with
      molecular weights of 70 000 and 24 000, predent in 1:1 molar ratios, were
      identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide slab-gel electrophoresis to
      coincide with enzyme activity. A minimal native molecular weight of 100 000 was
      calculated for fumarate reductase by Stephacryl S-200 gel filtration in the
      presence of sodium cholate. This would indicate that the enzyme is a dimer. The
      purified enzyme has low, but measurable, succinate dehydrogenase activity.

PMID- 383239
TI  - Elucidation of the quaternary structure of reversibly immobilized alkaline
      phosphatase derivatives.
AB  - Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase has been reversibly immobilized on
      Sepharose CL-4B through two different methods, both based on a disulfide linkage,
      under conditions selected to favour the coupling of the enzyme to the solid
      support through one covalent linkage. The quaternary structure of the reversibly
      immobilized subunit, produced by dissociation of the matrix-bound dimer, was
      examined by cross-linking with the bifunctional reagent dimethyl suberimidate.
      Following release from the solid support, the protein was analysed by sodium
      dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis demonstrating the presence of a sufficient
      amount of dimeric structures in the immobilized subunit preparation to account
      for all the enzyme activity observed in this sample. These results suggest that
      the subunit of alkaline phosphatase may be catalytically inactive. This approach
      to studying the quaternary structure of immobilized subunit derivatives offers
      the opportunity to directly determine the homogeneity and structure of matrix
      bound 'monomer' preparations and is particularly useful in determining if low
      levels of catalytic activity observed in some immobilized subunit populations are
      due to the presence of contaminating oligomeric structures.

PMID- 383240
TI  - The rep mutation. VI. Purification and properties of the Escherichia coli rep
      protein, DNA helicase III.
AB  - The protein product of the rep gene of Escherichia coli is required for the
      replication of certain bacteriophage genomes (phi X174, fd, P2) and for the
      normal replication of E. coli DNA. We have used a specialized transducing phage,
      lambda p rep+, which complements the defect of rep mutants, to identify the rep
      protein. The rep protein has been purified from cells infected with lambda p rep+
      phage; it has a molecular weight of about 70 000 and appears similar to the
      protein found in normal cells. Stimulation of phi X174 replicative form DNA
      synthesis in vitro was observed when highly purified rep protein was supplied to
      a cell extract derived from phi X-infected E. coli rep cells and supplemented
      with replicative form DNA. The purified protein has a single-stranded DNA
      dependent ATPase activity and is capable of sensitizing duplex DNA to nucleases
      specific for single-stranded DNA. For this reason we propose the enzyme be called
      DNA helicase III. We infer that the rep protein uses the energy of hydrolysis of
      ATP to separate the strands of duplex DNA; the E. coli DNA binding protein need
      not be present. The rep3 mutant appeared to make a limited amount of active rep
      protein.

PMID- 383241
TI  - A novel assay for endonucleases acting at apurinic sites and its use in measuring
      AP endonuclease activity in repair-deficient mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A quick and convenient assay for depurination and AP endonuclease activities has
      been developed. (The term 'AP endonuclease' refers to a nuclease that acts on
      apurinic and probably apyrimidinic sites on DNA.) It is based on the observation
      that different topological forms of DNA, such as open circular DNA and covalently
      closed circular DNA, bind different amounts of the fluorescent intercalator
      ethidium bromide, and can therefore be distinguished by their fluorescence. This
      assay has been used to measure AP endonuclease activity in 22 repair-deficient
      mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. All 22 had normal or nearly normal AP
      endonuclease activity. The AP endonuclease activity was partially characterized.

PMID- 383242
TI  - Cross sensitivity of mutator strains to physical and chemical mutagens.
AB  - Ten different mutator strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were tested for cross
      sensitivity to two alkylaitng agents, ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) and
      methylmethanesulfonate (MMS), to determine if any of them are defective in the
      repair systems which normally deal with damage caused by these agents. For one of
      the mutators, namely mut2-1, it was shown by genetic analysis that mutator
      activity and MMS sensitivity are both controlled by the same gene. Two mutants,
      mut2-1 and mut7-1, were found to be sensitive to MMS but normal to ultraviolet
      and gamma-rays. Another group is represented by mut1, mut6 and mut8 which are not
      sensitive to any of the mutagens tested so far. Mutator strain mut2-1 was also
      shown not to be significantly altered for levels of UV-induced forward and
      reverse mutations. These observations lend support to the idea of multiple repair
      systems that deal with DNA damage caused by different agents and also show that
      mutator activity can often result from the loss of normal cellular repair
      systems.

PMID- 383243
TI  - Reduction of sensitivity to ultraviolet light in excision-deficient Escherichia
      coli strain WP2 uvrA.
AB  - Mutants with increased resistance to UV light were isolated from Escherichia coli
      WP2 uvrA. Most of these isolates were designated as true or partial revertants of
      the uvrA- mutation. However, one class of mutants showed only a moderate increase
      in resistance to UV. The gene responsible for this phenotypic change is closely
      linked to the lac locus and has been designated the suuA gene (suppressor of
      uvrA).

PMID- 383244
TI  - Lethal zygosis in recombination-deficient mutants of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Use of nonselective medium for plating cells following mating has revealed that
      Rec recipient strains of E. coli may be killed as a result of conjugation.
      Sensitivity of RecA-, RecB-, and RecC- recipients increases with ratio of donor:
      recipient cells in mating mixtures and with time of mating. A Rec+ recipient
      shows no lethal zygosis in these experiments performed without aeration. Cell
      contact does not seem to be responsible for the sensitivity of Rec- strains,
      since lethality is prevented when cell contact is permitted but DNA transfer is
      not. Thus, an event(s) occuring subsequent to entry of donor DNA appears to cause
      lethality in Rec- recipients.

PMID- 383245
TI  - Tryptophan-requiring parental strains yield Salmonella typhimurium x Escherichia
      coli hybrid recombinants with functional tryptophan operons.
AB  - Crosses between an Escherichia coli Hfr trp strain and three Salmonella
      typhimurium F- trp strains produced some trp+ hybrids in which the tryptophan
      operon is composed of genes from both parental species.

PMID- 383246
TI  - Purification of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) virus and comparison of
      polypeptide composition of different isolates.
AB  - Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) virus was partially purified by freon
      extraction of infected CHSE-214 cells and concentrated by polyethylene glycol
      (PEG) precipitation of virus from the medium. Both methods resulted in virus
      concentrates that could be further purified by two CsCl gradient centrifugations
      with little loss of infectivity. A Recovery of 80 to 100% of the virus
      infectivity was obtained and over 100-fold concentration of viral infectivity was
      achieved by these methods. This purification was used to compare 10 isolates of
      IPN virus with regard to their physiochemical properties by electron microscopy,
      buoyant density in CsCl, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis of the purified virions. Electron-microscopic observations showed
      that the virus isolates were identical in that they were isometric, hexagonal in
      profile, and had a particle diameter of 71 nm. The buoyant densities of the virus
      isolates in CsCl were found to be 1.33 g/ml. SDS-gel electrophoresis of the virus
      isolates revealed the presence of three polypeptides of molecular weight 50, 30,
      and 27 x 10(3) designated as VP50, VP30, and VP27, respectively.

PMID- 383247
TI  - A simple method for the inactivation of St. Louis encephalitis virus preparations
      for immunofluorescent microscopy.
AB  - A study was made of different treatments for the inactivation of St. Louis
      encephalitis virus in smears prepared for immunofluorescence microscopy.
      Treatment of infected cells with 0.3% betapropiolactone at 56 degrees C for 40
      min resulted in an inactivated virus suitable for immunofluorescence studies.

PMID- 383248
TI  - Effects of some platinum IV complexes on cell division of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A comparison was made of the effects of cis-tetrachlorodiaminoplatinum (IV) (cis
      TCDPt), rans-TCDPt), and hexachloroplatinum (HCP) on growth and cell division of
      Escherichia coli strains D21 and D22. At or below 40 microgram/mL, cis-TCDPt
      inhibited cell division but not growth, DNA, or protein synthesis, although areas
      of increased electron density could be demonstrated in treated cells. In
      contrast, 40 microgram/mL of trans-TCDPt or HCP inhibited growth. Trans-TCDPt
      treated cells developed condensed nucleoids; HCP-treated cells showed no obvious
      cytological changes to correlate with growth inhibition. Combination of cis-TCDPt
      with nalidixic acid, both at one-half the lowest filament-forming concentrations,
      resulted in formation of filaments, suggesting an additive effect. Combination of
      cis-TCDPt followed by ampicillin on E. coli B/r resulted in single bulges near
      the center of the filaments. Cis-TCDPt could therefore inhibit an initial step in
      the septation sequence, possibly at the level of the regulation of the hydrolytic
      enzymes. Whether cis-TCDPt exerts its effect by interreaction with DNA or with a
      membrane target is still uncertain.

PMID- 383249
TI  - Crossing the procaryote--eucaryote border: endosymbiosis or continuous
      development?

PMID- 383251
TI  - A semicentennial: the NRCC research journals 1929--1979.

PMID- 383250
TI  - Aged-related physiological studies comparing Candida albicans chlamydospores to
      yeasts.
AB  - From electron-microscopical observations, a decreased metabolic activity in 3-day
      old Candida albicans chlamydospores was suggested, and progressive deterioration
      in chlamydospores aged 2-8 months was shown. Oxygen utilization by chlamydospore
      pseudomycelium (CSP) preparations was less than that by yeast, while 3-day-old
      CSP preparations used significantly less O2 than 24-h CSP preparations. Amino
      acid incorporation was greater in yeast than in CSP preparations. Leucine
      incorporation by 20-h yeasts was twice that of 5-day yeasts and 5 times that of
      20-h and 5-day CSP. Amino acid decarboxylation was similar in yeasts and CSP and
      was determined by end-product analyses to be via amino acid oxidase. Light
      microscopy autoradiography of [14C]leucine incorporation demonstrated that the
      metabolic activity in CSP preparations was due to the young growing tips of the
      pseudomycelium and not to mature chlamydospores. Yeasts did not take up trypan
      blue could be stained if first autoclaved or treated with 10% acid or 10% base.
      Young chlamydospores grown in the presence of trypan blue developed unstained and
      became permeable to the dye at 2 1/2 days. These data suggest that chlamydospores
      of C. albicans do not function in the classical role attributed to spores; i.e.,
      mature chlamydospores cannot germinate, but rather age, deteriorate, and die.

PMID- 383252
TI  - Method for the rapid screening of cellulolytic streptomycetes and their mutants.
AB  - A method for the rapid screening of cellulolytic streptomycetes and their mutants
      is reported. The technique consists of a plate assay on media containing filter
      paper fibres as cellulose substrate. The cellulolytic activity is detected and
      measured by the formation of clearing zones around the streptomycete colonies.
      The sensitivity of the method is increased considerably by subjecting the plates
      to an additional incubation period at 43 degrees C in the presence of a buffer at
      pH 5.3. by replicating these colonies on other Petri plates containing the
      appropriate media, it is possible to assess rapidly, not only the degree of
      catabolic repression of the cellulase production by glucose, but also, in a
      semiquantitative way, the amount of enzymes produced.

PMID- 383253
TI  - A critical analysis of the classifications of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
AB  - The Rappaport classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas was proposed almost a
      quarter century ago, before the advent of modern immunology. This classification,
      which is based entirely on morphologic features, has proved its clinical
      usefulness. In light of recent scientific advances, however, its terminology is
      not appropriate. Five new classifications have been proposed recently, each
      claiming to have more merit than the others. The purpose of this study is to
      critically analyze and evaluate these newly proposed classifications to determine
      which classification is conceptually and scientifically acceptable as well as
      clinically useful. The results of the study show that there are more similarities
      than differences among the Rappaport. Lukes and Collins, Dorfman, British, and
      WHO classifications; the Kiel classification, however, is fundamentally different
      (Tables 8, 9, 11). None of these classifications can be used in its proposed
      form. Based on the analysis of these classifications, a compromise working
      classification is proposed which incorporates the relevant concepts and
      terminology from the Rappaport, Berard, Dorfman, WHO, and Lukes and Collins
      classifications (Tables 15, 16). The proposed compromise classification is an
      attempt to reconcile the various classifications, and to stimulate others to
      offer modifications which may bring about a final solution to the problem of
      classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

PMID- 383254
TI  - Combination chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer: a randomized trial
      comparing the use of adriamycin to that of Vinblastine.
AB  - Two regimens of chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer were compared in a
      randomized controlled fashion. Regimen 1 consisted of cyclophosphamide,
      vinblastine, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CVMF). Regimen 2 consisted of
      cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CAMF). The patient
      population consisted of both black and white postmenopausal females who had not
      received any prior chemotherapy. Objective responses were observed in 25/57
      patients treated with CVMF and in 28/51 patients treated with CAMF. Neither race
      nor choice of chemotherapeutic regimen affected prognosis, although there were
      differences in the pattern of metastatic involvement between the two racial
      groups. The median duration of survival of patients who responded to therapy has
      not yet been reached but will be in excess of 12 months.

PMID- 383256
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: an ultrastructural study correlating morphology with
      immunologic cell type.
AB  - Ultrastructural studies were performed on 40 B-cell and 14 T-cell lymphomas of
      non-Hodgkin's type (NHL). Most B-cell lymphomas were comprised of neoplastic
      cells with morphologic features compatible with a follicular center cell origin.
      Dendritic reticulum cells and their desmosome-associated processes,
      characteristic of germinal centers, were observed in all 11 cases of nodular
      poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma and in one of two cases of nodular
      "histiocytic" lymphoma, but were not identified in the lymphomas with a diffuse
      growth pattern. Desmosomes were observed between dendritic reticulum cells and
      were not found between lymphoid cells. Large neoplastic cells comprising
      lymphomas of "histiocytic," mixed lymphocytic "histiocytic," and
      "undifferentiated" types were characterized ultrastructurally and immunologically
      as lymphoid cells. Malignant lymphomas of well and moderately well differentiated
      lymphocytic types (7 cases) revealed B-cell markers, and represented a distinct
      homogenous group of neoplasms, with electron microscopic features most closely
      resembling follicular cuff lymphocytes. T-cell malignancies included
      lymphoblastic lymphomas (3 cases), large cell ("histiocytic") lymphomas (4
      cases), lymphoepithelioid cell ("Lennert's") lymphomas (2 cases), mycosis
      fungoides (3 cases) and diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas (2
      cases). A consistent finding in the T-cell proliferations was the presence of
      small and/or large lymphoid cells with extremely irregular and/or convoluted
      nuclei, which occurred in varying proportions and with variable degrees of
      nuclear complexity. The nuclear irregularity evident in the neoplastic T cells
      was distinguishable from that observed for lymphoid cells of B-cell lymphomas. In
      comparing the cytoplasmic features of the T- and B-cell neoplasms
      ultrastructurally, the only distinguishing feature was the presence of well
      developed granular endoplasmic reticulum with dilated cisternae, i.e.,
      plasmacytoid features, predictive of a B cell origin.

PMID- 383255
TI  - Ftorafur, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and BCG in the treatment of metastatic
      breast cancer.
AB  - Ftorafur is a 5-fluorouracil analogue which is slowly metabolized to 5-FU,
      resulting in prolonged therapeutic levels of this latter drug. Ninety-one
      evaluable patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated with Ftorafur,
      Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and BCG (ACFTOR-BCG), in an attempt to increase the
      effectiveness of the program or decrease its myelosuppressive toxicity. The
      results of this trial were compared to those previously reported with the
      combination of 5-FU, Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and BCG (FAC-BCG). Overall
      objective response rates were 65% and 76% for ACFTOR-BCG and FAC-BCG,
      respectively. Durations of response were 12 months and 14 months for ACFTOR-BCG
      and FAC-BCG (p = 0.53). The median survival of responders was 22 and 23.9 months,
      respectively. Substantial toxicity was observed with Ftorafur: nausea and
      vomiting severe enough to cause weight loss was observed in a substantially
      higher fraction of the patients treated with this drug than with 5-FU. Other side
      effects, which were not observed with the 5-FU combination, were somnolence,
      dizziness, personality changes, tremor, ataxia, and confusion. No differences in
      myelosuppressive toxicity were observed between the two combinations, and the
      incidence of infectious complications was identical. The combination of Ftorafur,
      Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and BCG did not offer any advantages with respect to
      increased effectiveness or reduced toxicity over the FAC-BCG regimen in breast
      carcinoma.

PMID- 383257
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a study of the evolution of the disease based upon 92
      autopsied cases.
AB  - The evolution of the disease process in 92 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
      has been analyzed by comparing the initial histopathologic material with that
      obtained at autopsy. The distribution of lymphoma did not differ substantially
      among the subtypes, but the gross appearance of the lesions was different among
      certain subtypes, particularly between the "small cell" and "large cell" types.
      The diffuse lymphomas showed a remarkable constancy of subtype in the same
      patient, whereas the nodular lymphomas showed a high frequency of change to a
      diffuse pattern and/or a larger cell type. Diffuse histiocytic lymphomas with
      plasmacytoid features showed a striking propensity for involvement of the
      gastrointestinal tract. The occurrence and significance of bizarre pleomorphic
      giant cells, epithelioid histiocytes, a "starry-sky" pattern,
      erythrophagocytosis, hemosiderosis and extramedullary hematopoiesis are reported.
      All patients received anti-lymphomatous chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. A
      second malignancy was observed in 8 patients. Thirteen patients showed no
      residual lymphoma at autopsy. The cause of death was considered to be related to
      lymphoma in all 92 patients; 67 had infections identified.

PMID- 383258
TI  - Olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma): a light and ultrastructural
      study of two cases.
AB  - Olfactory neuroblastoma is a malignant neoplasm with a varied biological
      behavior. Its clinical course is unpredictable and there is no correlation
      between its microscopic features and biological behavior. The present study deals
      with light and ultrastructural characteristics of two cases of olfactory
      neuroblastoma of the nasal cavity. In one patient, the definitive diagnosis was
      established on the basis of ultrastructural features of the lesion. The most
      consistent fine structural findings were the presence of intracytoplasmic
      densecored neurosecretory granules, "true" and "pseudo-" rosettes, and the
      neuritic processes emanating from the tumor cells. On the basis of their
      biochemical, histochemical, and ultrastructural characteristics, olfactory
      neuroblastomas are similar to neuroblastomas arising from the adrenals or
      sympathetic nervous system. These findings, therefore, support the hypothesis
      that olfactory neuroblastomas are most likely of neural crest origin and thus
      belong to a group of neoplasms collectively known as "apudomas" or
      neurocristomas. The literature review strongly favors combined surgery and
      postradiation as the most effective treatment of olfactory neuroblastoma.

PMID- 383259
TI  - Histological transformation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a prospective study.
AB  - Forty-three lymph node biopsies were performed prior to retreatment in 30
      unselected patients who had relapsed following chemotherapy for advanced non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma of low grade histological type. Eight patients (27%) showed
      unequivocal evidence of transformation to a high grade variety of lymphoma. These
      included 4 out of 21 cases originally having had follicular lymphoma and 4 out of
      9 cases having had diffuse lymphoma. In 2 further patients with follicular
      lymphoma, relapse was diagnosed following examination of the bone marrow and in
      one the tumor had clearly transformed. In 5 of the transformed lymphomas the cell
      type was predominantly centroblastic, in 2 immunoblastic and in the remaining 2
      centrocytic (anaplastic). Five of the 9 cases developing high grade lymphoma have
      died after a median interval of 5 months from transformation, whereas only 3 of
      23 cases showing no change are dead. In 4 patients low grade lymphoma persisted
      in the bone marrow at the time of nodal transformation. The clinical
      circumstances at the time of rebiopsy were unhelpful in predicting
      transformation.

PMID- 383260
TI  - Idiopathic refractory sideroblastic anemia: incidence and risk factors for
      leukemic transformation.
AB  - The clinical course of 29 patients with idiopathic refractory sideroblastic
      anemia studied by us was reviewed. Four patients developed acute leukemia. We
      were able to find 27 out of 268 cases of idiopathic refractory sideroblastic
      anemia reported in the literature which terminated in acute leukemia. Nine of
      these were well described. The overall incidence of acute leukemia is 10%. In an
      attempt to identify the risk factors for the development of acute leukemia, the
      clinical and laboratory features of this group of thirteen well-described cases
      which terminated in acute leukemia were compared to the remaining 25 of our cases
      which did not undergo leukemic transformation. The patients who died of acute
      leukemia tended to have a more severe anemia, a lower reticulocyte count, and
      increased transfusion requirement, and thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytosis appears
      to be a relatively good prognostic sign.

PMID- 383262
TI  - Mesenteric occlusive lesion and ileal carcinoids.
AB  - Occlusion of mesenteric vessels due to fibrosis and adventitial elastosis
      complicated ileal carcinoids and resulted in infarction of bowel in two patients.
      Synovial sarcoma antedated the carcinoid syndrome in one patient who died;
      carcinoma of the breast was discovered one year after hemicolectomy in the other.
      This rare mesenteric occlusive lesion is associated exclusively with ileal
      carcinoids; it is poorly recognized and the mortality is high.

PMID- 383261
TI  - Rationale and experimental design for the VA Cooperative Study of Anticoagulation
      (Warfarin) in the Treatment of Cancer.
AB  - Anticoagulants have been demonstrated to reduce tumor growth in certain
      experimental animal systems. Inhibition of clot formation interferes with tumor
      growth and spread while enhancement of coagulation promotes tumor growth and
      spread. The fact that the coagulation mechanism is commonly activated in human
      malignancy together with preliminary reports of therapeutic efficacy of
      anticoagulants suggests that the coagulation mechanism may be of pathophysiologic
      significance also in the growth of human tumors. A VA Cooperative Study has been
      established to test the hypothesis that warfarin anticoagulation will modify the
      course of malignancy in man. The purpose of this paper is to present the
      rationale and experimental design for this study with emphasis on management of
      anticoagulant administration in cancer patients. This paper serves as the basis
      for forthcoming reports of toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of warfarin in human
      malignancy.

PMID- 383264
TI  - Granulocytic sarcoma preceding acute leukemia: a report of six cases.
AB  - An unusual case of granulocytic sarcoma presenting in a pericardial effusion
      following trauma and preceding acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) by 8 months is
      presented. Five additional cases of granulocytic sarcoma preceding leukemia
      collected by the author are also tabulated. Granulocytic sarcoma in a nonautopsy
      population of myelogenous leukemic patients was found to be 2.9%. When presenting
      in an extramedullary site, especially preceding peripheral blood and bone marrow
      manifestations of leukemia, a misdiagnosis of histiocytic lymphoma may result. In
      questionable cases, other techniques including the naphthol-ASD-chloroacetate
      stain, touch imprints, immunoperoxidase stain for lysozyme, and electron
      microscopy should be utilized. Although only a small series, the most recent
      cases have shown induction/remission and survival characteristics of AML patients
      without granulocytic sarcoma.

PMID- 383263
TI  - Mesenchymal tumors associated with hypoglycemia: case report and review of the
      literature.
AB  - Hypoglycemia secondary to malignant tumors is rare. Mesenchymal tumors of
      nonpancreatic origin are the most common tumors associated with the hypoglycemia
      syndrome, and the clinical features of 115 reported cases are reviewed. The major
      anatomic distributions of the tumors are thoracic (30%) abdominal (65%), and
      uncommon locations (less than 5%). Approximately 50% of the tumors were
      resectable (59 patients), and in 60% the surgical procedure was curative. In the
      remaining 40% local recurrence predominated related to site of tumor and presence
      of contiguous organ invasion. The application of multimodality adjuvant therapy
      for hypoglycemia associated mesenchymal tumors should be based on an
      understanding of the natural history of the tumor.

PMID- 383265
TI  - A clinicopathologic study of orbital and adnexal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - An analysis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the orbital structures was
      performed at the University of Iowa between 1937 and 1975. Sixteen cases of
      primary orbital lymphoma were diagnosed. Histopathologic reclassification
      according to the Rappaport scheme and the clinical course of each histologic sub
      category was described. There were 5 patients with reactive hyperplasia, 2
      patients with well-differentiated lymphoid proliferation with Dutcher bodies
      which were also felt to be reactive, 3 patients with diffuse poorly
      differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma, 4 patients with nodular poorly
      differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma, and 2 patients with diffuse histiocytic
      lymphoma. It was concluded that the Rappaport classification is applicable to
      orbital lymphoid tumors and that those lymphomas which do present as primary
      tumors should be staged as one would stage the same histologic category of
      lymphoma presenting in other sites. Radiation therapy appears to be an effective
      treatment for local control; however, patients with primary orbital lymphoma
      should undergo observation for systemic disease similar to patients with lymphoma
      presenting in other sites. Excisional biopsy is recommended to facilitate precise
      classification.

PMID- 383266
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute myeloblastic leukemia: a report of 12 cases and
      review of the literature.
AB  - Twelve cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute myeloblastic leukemia or one of
      its variants are reported. An additional 33 cases from the literature are
      reviewed. The mean interval between the diagnosis of lymphoma and acute leukemia
      is 5.2 years. In 5 patients the two diseases occurred simultaneously or within 6
      months of each other. All but 10 of the 45 patients received radiation therapy
      for their lymphoma. Nine patients had either total nodal or total body
      irradiation or both. Eight patients received chemotherapy alone. No patient was
      untreated. Survival after the diagnosis of acute leukemia ranged from 3 days to
      14 months, with a median of 3 months. Four patients achieved complete
      hematological remission following antileukemic therapy. Acute leukemia is
      estimated to occur in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in New York State with
      a 37-fold increased frequency over the expected number. Although acute leukemia
      may occur in a higher than expected frequency in patients with non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma because of an increased risk of a second neoplasm in patients with a
      primary tumor, it seems more likely that the acute leukemia may be related to the
      radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy administered to treat the lymphoma. Late death
      from leukemia after chemotherapeutic or radiotherapeutic remission of advanced
      non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is preferable to morbidity and/or early death from
      untreated or inadequately treated lymphoma.

PMID- 383267
TI  - Endodermal sinus tumor of the pineal region: case report and review of
      literature.
AB  - This is a case report of an endodermal sinus tumor occurring in the pineal region
      of a 14-year-old boy who died 4 weeks after surgery and irradiation. Germ cell
      tumors of this type demonstrate a selective overgrowth of yolk sac endoderm
      associated with extraembryonic mesoblast and arise preferentially in the gonads
      of young children. This tumor in the pineal region is rare and carries a grave
      prognosis as in other extragonadal sites. A summary of previously reported cases
      is also presented.

PMID- 383268
TI  - Esthesioneuroblastoma.
AB  - Esthesioneuroblastoma is an uncommon tumor of neural crest origin arising in the
      nasal cavity. Since 1966, 97 cases have been reported in the world literature. In
      this report an analysis is presented of the following aspects of these 97
      patients: age and sex distribution, disease staging, treatment results, interval
      to recurrence, and survival. Staging was according to a system proposed by Kadish
      et al. There is a bimodal age distribution with peaks in age groups 11-20 years
      and 51-60 years. Prognosis is favorable in early stage disease (A and B) with 3
      year crude survivals of 88.9% and 83.3%, respectively. Stage C patients have a
      poor prognosis, with 52.9% surviving 3 years. Treatment consisted of
      radiotherapy, surgery, or a combination of radiotherapy and surgery. In stage A,
      prognosis is favorable in all three treatment groups with one 1 of 24 patients
      dying of recurrent disease. In stage B, recurrence rates and 3-year survivals are
      also similar in the three treatment groups. Thus, single modality treatment is as
      effective as combined treatment for early stage disease. Local recurrence is the
      predominant site of failure occurring in 68% of recurrences. The overall crude
      survival for the 97 patients was 95.4%, while the determinate survival (corrected
      for intercurrent disease) was 70.8%.

PMID- 383269
TI  - Carcinoma arising in the wall of congenital bile duct cysts.
AB  - The incidence of carcinoma arising in the wall of the congenital bile duct cysts
      is much higher than previously assumed. The authors report 4 such cases of
      primary and secondary carcinomas and review their clinical features through the
      similar 59 cases in the literature. Of the 63 cases, the average age was much
      younger, at least several decades, compared with cases of extra-hepatic carcinoma
      without bile duct cysts. The female-male ratio was 2.5:1. Racial preponderance
      was also observed, namely, the majority were Japanese. Additionally, many
      patients previously received various internal drainage procedures, especially
      choledochocystoduodenostomy. As the treatment, primary excision of the
      extrahepatic bile duct cyst seems to give the best results because it can avoid
      ascending cholangitis and prevent development of carcinoma. However, carcinoma
      still can arise in the intrahepatic bile duct cyst, which cannot be removed at
      the present time.

PMID- 383270
TI  - Multifocal adenocarcinoma of the jejunum.
AB  - We report on an 89-year-old female admitted with signs of intestinal obstruction
      in whom three independent adenocarcinomas of the proximal jejunum were found.
      Multiple foci of pyloric gland metaplasia, glandular hyperplasia and dysplasia,
      carcinoma-in-situ, and several varieties of adenocarcinoma were identified on
      microscopic examination of 14 cm of excised jejunum. Multifocal adenocarcinoma of
      the small intestine is extremely rare. We are not aware of any case harboring the
      complex changes described herein.

PMID- 383271
TI  - Pleural effusion in multiple myeloma.
AB  - Two patients with multiple myeloma are described in whom an unusual complication
      developed: pleural effusion containing myeloma cells. There are 7 previously
      reported cases of myeloma in the English literature with this type of effusion.
      Pleural effusion in myeloma may be due to plasma cell infiltration of the pleura,
      congestive heart failure, pulmonary embolism, nephrotic syndrome, and second
      neoplasms. In view of these multiple etiologies, diagnostic thoracentesis should
      be performed in order to treat the effusion appropriately.

PMID- 383272
TI  - A randomized comparison of two dosage schedules of methyl CCNU: three-week versus
      six-week treatments.
AB  - Two dose schedules of methyl CCNU were compared for drug effect and toxicity. One
      hundred thirteen patients were stratified by tumor site, performance status, and
      prior chemotherapy and randomized to 100 mg/m2 q 3 wk or 200 mg/m2 q 6 wk orally.
      Response rates were similar (12% vs. 18%, respectively, in the major tumor sub
      types studied) and survival was equivalent. Hematologic toxicity, however, was
      significantly different, with earlier time to the most severe blood count
      depressions, more frequent occurrence of severe depression, and a larger
      percentage of patients requiring dosage reduction on the 6-week regimen. We
      conclude that the 3-week regimen is superior due to its improved tolerance and is
      recommended especially for combination drug therapy.

PMID- 383273
TI  - CVP-remission-maintenance in stage I or II non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: preliminary
      results of a randomized study.
AB  - The effect of adjuvant combination chemotherapy when given to non-laparotomized
      patients in remission after radiotherapy in stage I or II non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
      was studied in a prospective randomized multicenter study. Locally extended field
      radiotherapy was given to a target absorbed dose of 40 Gy in 20 fractions. Fifty
      five patients who were in complete remission 6 weeks after conclusion of
      radiotherapy were randomized to either no further therapy or to 9 cycles of CVP
      (cyclophosphamide + vincristine + prednisolone). The relapse-free survival at 30
      months was 41% for patients without and 86% for patients with adjuvant
      chemotherapy (p = 0.02). The survival was the same for both treatment arms, being
      90% at 30 months. Fifteen patients have relapsed, 14 of them with extensions and
      1 with a recurrence within the radiation target volume. Analysis of subgroups
      showed that adjuvant chemotherapy in the present series significantly prolonged
      the relapse-free survival in diffuse histiocytic lymphoma.

PMID- 383274
TI  - 1-phenylalanine mustard (L-PAM) in the management of premenopausal patients with
      primary breast cancer: lack of association of disease-free survival with
      depression of ovarian function. National Surgical Adjuvant Project for Breast and
      Bowel Cancers.
AB  - Breast cancer patients participating in a prospective randomized clinical trial
      who were less than or equal to 49 years of age, had positive axillary nodes, and
      who received prolonged 1-phenylalanine mustard (L-PAM) as an adjuvant to
      mastectomy continue (after 4 years) to demonstrate a significantly greater
      disease-free survival (p = .007) than do patients who received placebo. Benefit
      was achieved in patients who were less than or equal to 39 years as well as those
      who were 40-49 years of age. Those in the younger age group showed a greater
      improvement in disease-free survival at 4 years relative to their controls (32%
      vs. 69%; p = .01) than did those in the older age group (48% vs. 61%; p = .09).
      When patients were examined relative to their nodal status, a highly favorable
      effect was found to have been achieved with L-PAM in those with 1-3 positive
      nodes (54% vs. 86%; p = .006). Results indicate that both age groups were
      benefited. When considered over time, they demonstrate that a relatively greater
      effect was achieved in the younger women. While L-PAM failed to significantly
      alter the disease-free survival of those with greater than or equal to 4 positive
      nodes a slightly better effect was achieved in the group less than or equal to 39
      years. Since adjuvant chemotherapy has been found to be more effective in
      premenopausal than postmenopausal women, it has been presumed that decreased
      ovarian function, as a result of the chemotherapy, is responsible for the
      findings. To support or repudiate that concept, information regarding serum
      levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and
      estradiol (E2), as well as menstrual function, has been obtained from women
      receiving L-PAM or L-PAM plus 5-FU therapy. In contrast to findings relative to
      disease-free survival, ovarian function and menses were most affected in patients
      40-49 years of age. Amenorrhea occurred in 73% of patients in that age group and
      in only 22% of those less than or equal to 39 years (p less than .001).
      Similarly, a significant increase in LH and FSH and a decrease in E2, all
      indicative of ovarian suppression, was observed only in the older group of
      patients. Thus, it is concluded that while ovarian suppression may account for
      some of the adjuvant chemotherapeutic effect in premenopausal women, the
      dichotomy of findings in younger and older premenopausal women relative to
      therapeutic response and ovarian function indicates that other factors could be
      responsible.

PMID- 383275
TI  - Phase I-II study of ftorafur and methyl-CCNU in advanced colorectal cancer.
AB  - The combination of Ftorafur (NSC-148958) and methyl-CCNU (NSC-95441) was
      evaluated in 36 patients with advanced colorectal cancer. The principle
      toxicities encountered were myelosuppression, gastrointestinal, and neurological.
      There were no complete responses and only 5/34 (14.7%) patients achieved a
      partial response. Methyl-CCNU and Ftorafur does not appear to be an effective
      combination in advanced adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum.

PMID- 383276
TI  - Cyclophosphamide plus 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC)
      with or without Corynebacterium parvum in metastatic malignant melanoma.
AB  - One hundred twenty patients with metastatic malignant melanoma were randomized to
      receive either cyclophosphamide, 600 mg/m2 IV, on day 1 plus DTIC 200 mg/m2 IV
      days 1 through 5, or the same chemotherapy plus C. parvum 5 mg/m2 IV on day 8 and
      day 15. Therapy was repeated every 21 days. Although responses were observed in
      13.8% of patients on cyclophosphamide plus DTIC versus 25.5% of patients on
      cyclophosphamide plus DTIC plus C. parvum, the median duration of remission was
      15.6 weeks on chemotherapy and 13.0 weeks on chemotherapy plus C. parvum.
      Furthermore, survival was similar on both regimens (6.1 months versus 5.7 months,
      respectively). Favorable prognostic factors included metastatic disease confined
      to skin or lymph nodes (33% responses), performance status greater than 70% (24%
      response rate), and administration of three or more courses of chemotherapy (31%
      response rate). The dose limiting toxicity was myelosuppression, which was equal
      on both regimens. Chills and fever were common in response to C. parvum, and,
      rarely hypotension, cyanosis, or immune nephritis was observed. The addition of
      C. parvum to chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide plus DTIC is not recommended.

PMID- 383277
TI  - Carcinoembryonic antigen in carcinoma of the uterine cervix. 2. Tissue
      localization and correlation with plasma antigen concentration.
AB  - Immunoperoxidase staining for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was performed on the
      tumors of 241 patients with invasive carcinoma of the cervix. Positive tissue
      staining indicative of a CEA concentration of at least 3 microgram/gm was present
      in 154 tumors (63%) as opposed to 0 of 30 specimens of normal cervix (p less than
      .001). Plasma CEA values were obtained at the time of tissue staining on all
      patients. Plasma CEA concentration was related more directly to total tumor
      burden (tumor CEA content x extent of disease) than to tumor CEA concentration
      alone. Progressively rising plasma CEA levels predicted recurrent disease in over
      80% of patients whose tumors stained positively for CEA. In contrast, serial
      plasma CEA values correlated positively with clinical disease status in only 28%
      of patients whose tumors were devoid of CEA. Immunoperoxidase staining of tissue
      specimens identifies those patients whose tumors contain high levels of CEA and
      who therefore should benefit most from subsequent plasma antigen determinations.

PMID- 383278
TI  - Effective dose of L-asparaginase for induction of remission in previously treated
      children with acute lymphocytic leukemia: a report from Childrens Cancer Study
      Group.
AB  - L-Asparaginase, in the dose of greater than or equal to 6000 IU/sq m three times
      weekly, was demonstrated to be an effective agent in reinduction of remissions in
      childhood leukemia. Four hundred thirteen children with acute lymphocytic
      leukemia were treated with L-asparaginase. Doses i.m. ranged from 300 to 12,000
      IU/sq m. None of the patients had received prior asparaginase therapy. 6
      Mercaptopurine was given p.o. concurrently. All of the patients had experienced
      several previous relapses, and their disease was not responsive to 6
      mercaptopurine. L-Asparaginase was found to be effective in reinducing remissions
      at the following rates: 9.5% for 300 IU/sq m; 35.1% for 3,000 IU/sq m; 53.5% for
      6,000 IU/sq m; and 62.5% for 12,000 IU/sq m. The drug was given three times
      weekly for four weeks. Hypersensitivity reactions occurred in 6.5% of patients.

PMID- 383279
TI  - Mutagenicity and tumorigenicity of phenanthrene and chrysene epoxides and diol
      epoxides.

PMID- 383281
TI  - Mutagenicity of soot and associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to
      Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 383280
TI  - Production of fibronectin by human epithelial cells in culture.
AB  - Human epithelial cell lines derived from both carcinomatous and nomalignant
      tissues were characterized with respect to the presence and distribution of
      fibronectin by immunofluorescence microscopy. In cell lines derived from
      nonmalignant tissues or from primary carcinomas, fibronectin was found
      predominantly in an extracellular matrix. In contrast, cell lines derived from
      metastatic carcinomas displayed very little or no fibronectin. Metabolic labeling
      studies indicated that a positive line synthesized fibronectin de novo rather
      than absorbing the protein from the media. Negative lines neither synthesized
      fibronectin nor secreted it into the culture fluid, suggesting that they were not
      producing fibronectin. Evidence is presented that cells in culture change their
      properties after extensive subculture since a small amount of fibronectin in an
      extracellular matrix was observed after extensive subculture of two metastatic
      lines that were originally negative.

PMID- 383282
TI  - Funding impact of the National Cancer Act and beyond.
AB  - During the seven years following passage of the National Cancer Act of 1971, the
      appropriation for the National Cancer Institute (NCI) was increased by nearly
      $700 million. A major effect of the Act has been increased funding for grants-in
      aid, which rose from $93 million in fiscal year (FY) 1970 to over $416 million in
      FY 1978. Grants programs account for over 60% of the total N.  CI extramural
      research budget and are divided into four broad categories; research; training
      (including fellowships); cancer control; and construction. For the first 4 years
      following passage of the Act, funding for all grants programs increased
      dramatically. However, growth began to slow in 1976, and the deceleration is
      continuing. Total NCI obligations for FY 1978 increased at a rate of 7% (as
      opposed to an increase of 20.3% in FY 1975), which merely managed to keep pace
      with the estimated Biomedical Inflation Factor of 6.8%. Traditional grants have
      more than doubled in average cost over the past 10 years, a growth attributable
      to inflation, more sophisticated and expensive equipment and supplies, and, in
      some cases, more ambitious projects. The principal types of research grants
      include: traditional, investigator-initiated research; program projects, a team
      approach directed toward a common goal; and "core" support used to fund
      administrative and shared equipment costs of cancer centers. In FY 1977, the
      actual number of traditional grants awarded declined for the first time in 7
      years, while the number of applications for both new and renewal grants increased
      at an unprecedented rate. Coincidentally, the number of traditional grants
      awarded this fiscal year increased by 4%, enabling the figure to exactly match
      that in 1978. While support for traditional grants has remained in the forefront
      of NCI funding, money for program projects and core support has increased at a
      greater rate in recent years. However, unlike the years immediately following the
      Act, emphasis is now being placed on core support (which increased by 9.4% in FY
      1978) and program project grants (up 5.1%), as opposed to the exploratory grants
      necessary to initiate cancer centers. Funds allocated for construction in the
      wake of the Act are now being reduced, as the pace of development of new centers
      begins to slow. Although the number of grant awards has decreased, young
      investigators (35 years old or younger) continued to receiving a significant
      share of NCI funds, and, in fact, are faring better than older investigators in
      terms of recommendation, previously referred to as "approval," and award rates.
      Awards to foreign scientists increased steadily after the Act, achieving their
      greatest dollar increase ever in FY 1977; in FY 1978, however, they declined by
      more than 6%. As part of the NCI reorganization plan instituted by NCI Director
      Arthur C...

PMID- 383283
TI  - 5-Fluorouracil concentrations in human plasma following R,S-1-(tetrahydro-2
      furanyl)-5-fluorouracil (ftorafur) administration.

PMID- 383284
TI  - Chemical characterization of 465 known or suspected carcinogens and their
      correlation with mutagenic activity in the Salmonella typhimurium system.
AB  - Since chemicals exhibiting mutagenic activity pose a potential hazard to their
      users, there is increasing acceptance of mutagenicity testing as an integral part
      of a premarketing toxicological evaluation of chemicals. In vitro testing has
      gained much notoriety as quick and relatively inexpensive means to assess the
      mutagenic potential of chemicals. However, the innovative use of microsomes to
      simulate metabolism has not changed the fact that in vitro activation cannot
      duplicate faithfully the metabolism that occurs in vivo. This shortcoming will
      express itself by the production of false negatives and possibly false positives
      during mutagenicity screening. This assertion is also borne out by a reanalysis
      of the ability of known animal carcinogens to cause mutations in the generally
      recognized premier in vitro system, the Salmonella-S-9 system. Although previous
      studies have suggested that a high percentage (greater than 85%) of all
      carcinogens will be mutagenic in this system, with no indication that false
      negatives are associated with certain chemical types, these findings are of
      uncertain practical value due to the limited number of chemical types that were
      considered. An analysis of 465 compounds with known or suspected carcinogenic
      activity indicates that about 58% have been adequately tested in Salmonella, that
      the testing has concentrated on certain chemical types and has neglected others,
      and that some categories of carcinogens exhibit individual correlations that are
      unsatisfactorily low by any standard. Poorly detected categories of carcinogens
      include: azonaphthols; carbamyls and thiocarbamyls; phenyls; benzodioxoles;
      polychlorinated aromatics, cyclics, and aliphatics; steroids; antimetabolites;
      and symmetrical hydrazines. Nonstandard procedures are necessary to optimize the
      testing of chemicals that are bactericidal, that are volatile, or that cross-link
      DNA. False negatives appear to arise for two reasons: an inability to devise an
      in vitro activation system that can be reliably used in a standard way; and an
      inability to detect the entire spectrum of mutational events that can lead to the
      induction of cancer.

PMID- 383285
TI  - Toxicity of intrapleural Bacillus Calmette-Guerin treatment in animals.
AB  - The toxicity of intrapleural Tice strain Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) infection
      was tested in hamsters. Doses above 10(6) colony-forming units caused significant
      systemic infection, which could be controlled with conventional antituberculosis
      therapy. Living BCG in the pleural space did not prevent the healing of bronchial
      or vascular closures after pulmonary resection. Prophylactic intrapleural BCG
      (10(6) colony-forming units) significantly reduced tumor growth in the lungs of
      mice following i.v. injection of 5 x 10(5) syngeneic sarcoma cells. These animal
      experiments suggest that intrapleural BCG may be administered in the pleural
      space after lung resection in limited doses if followed by a complementary course
      of antimicrobial therapy.

PMID- 383286
TI  - A Phase 1 study of high doses of aminopterin with leucovorin rescue in patients
      with advanced metastatic tumors.
AB  - We have conducted a Phase 1 study of aminopterin (AMT) with leucovorin (LV) in 17
      patients. AMT was administered by bolus injection every 7 to 14 days in dosages
      from 25 to 425 mg/sq m. LV rescue was instituted at 24 hr and continued for 48 to
      72 hr. At dosages above 50 mg/sq m, we observed nephrotoxicity defined as greater
      than or equal to a 25% increase in serum creatinine 24 hr after AMT
      administration, but its incidence was not strictly dose related. Urinary
      alkalinization and volume expansion appeared to reduce the incidence of
      nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxic drug courses were associated with 24-hr plasma AMT
      levels [3.6 +/- 2.0 (S.D.) X 10(-6) M] which were significantly higher than
      nonnephrotoxic courses (1.6 +/- 1.0 x 10(-6) M) (p less than 0.05). In
      nonnephrotoxic courses, serum elimination pharmacokinetics appeared to be
      biphasic with a t1/2 alpha of 1.08 +/- 0.01 hr and t1/2 beta of 12.31 +/- 0.06
      hr. Systemic toxicity (myelosuppression and mucositis) could be prevented in
      patients with impaired AMT clearance by the administration of LV at an increased
      dose rate. In several courses, systemic toxicity occurred in spite of apparently
      normal plasma clearance, suggesting that 24-hr plasma levels may not accurately
      reflect intracellular drug effects. Cytokinetic studies on bone marrow aspirates
      allowed determination of the rescue effect of LV and may prove useful in
      predicting marrow protection.

PMID- 383288
TI  - Concentration of fibronectin in plasma of tumor-bearing mice and synthesis by
      Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.
AB  - In the present paper we have studied: (a) the concentration of fibronectin (FN)
      in plasma and in ascitic fluid of mice at different times after inoculation of
      Ehrlich ascites tumor cells; (b) the ability of Ehrlich ascites cells to
      synthesize and release FN; and (c) the localization of FN in Ehrlich ascites
      cells by immunofluorescence microscopy. It was found that (a) 4 to 5 days after
      inoculation of the tumor, the plasma concentration of FN was significantly higher
      [1.7 +/- 0.07% (S.E.) of total plasma protein] than that in the normal control
      mice (0.8 +/- 0.035); (b) FN is present in the ascitic fluid in all phases of
      tumor growth; (c) Ehrlich ascites cells cultured in vitro synthesize and release
      large amounts of FN in the culture medium; and (d) only about 1 to 2% of the
      tumor cells show a very small amount of FN, and this is mostly in the area of
      cell-cell contact.

PMID- 383287
TI  - A comparative clinical and immunological assessment of methanol extraction
      residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin versus placebo in patients with advanced
      cancer.
AB  - Eighty-four patients with advanced cancer refractory to conventional therapeutic
      modalities were randomly assigned in double-blind fashion to one of three
      intradermal treatment regimens: "high"-dose methanol extraction residue fraction
      of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (MER) (2.0 mg); "low"-dose MER (0.5 mg); or 0.9% NaCl
      solution placebo. Toxicity, consisting primarily of cutaneous inflammation and
      ulceration, was limited to patients receiving MER and was most severe with the
      high-dose regimen. Pretreatment clinical and immunological parameters were
      comparable between patient groups. Although a significant number of patients had
      increases in various immune parameters according to the criteria used, there was
      no appearent advantage to MER given in either dosage schedule compared to
      placebo. Patient survival was not affected by either MER regimen compared to
      placebo. This investigation failed to demonstrate any significant clinical or
      immunological benefit from MER given in two dosage regimens in patients with
      advanced cancer with the laboratory methodology used and emphasizes the
      importance of appropriate controls in evaluating immunostimulants in humans.

PMID- 383289
TI  - Mutagenicity of the naturally occurring carcinogen cycasin and synthetic
      methylazoxymethanol conjugates in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The aglycone methylazoxymethanol of the naturally occurring carcinogenic
      glucoside, cycasin, has previously been shown to be mutagenic, but cycasin per se
      has not. In this work, cycasin was demonstrated to be mutagenic using a
      modification of the Ames Salmonella test in which it was preincubated with beta
      glucosidase and the tester strain in liquid medium. The mutagenicity of cycasin
      to six histine-depedent Salmonella strains varied considerably with strain HisG46
      being the most susceptible. Methylazoxymethyl-beta-D-glucosiduronic acid, which
      also is nonmutagenic per se, similarly became mutagenic when preincubated with
      beta-glucuronidase. Methylazoxymethyl acetate, which is slightly mutagenic by the
      Ames standard pour plate method, became highly mutagenic on preincubation. The
      mutagenicity of free methylazoxymethanol was confirmed, and a linear dose
      response relationship was observed. The common conditions required for activation
      of nonmutagenic methylazoxymethanol conjugates, the glucoside cycasin and
      methylazoxymethyl-beta-D-glucosiduronic acid, are 90-min preincubation at 30
      degrees, pH 6.5, with an appropriate hydrolase and Salmonella typhimurium HisG46.

PMID- 383290
TI  - American Association for Cancer Research Certificates of Award.

PMID- 383291
TI  - Phase I evaluation of tetrahydrouridine combined with cytosine arabinoside.
AB  - In conventional clinical use, cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) is rapidly deaminated
      by pyrimidine nucleoside deaminase to the nontoxic compound uracil arabinoside.
      Tetrahydrouridine (THU) effectively inhibits this enzymatic degradation but is by
      itself nontoxic. This study demonstrates that concomitant administration of THU
      markedly increases the myelosuppressive potency of ara-C. When 25 or 50 mg/kg of
      THU iv and 0.1--0.2 mg/kg of ara-C iv are given daily x 5 days, they produce
      moderate-to-severe leukopenia and mild-to-moderate thrombocytopenia. A dose of 25
      mg/kg of THU with 0.1 mg/kg of ara-C iv daily x 5 days appears appropriate for
      phase II studies; it produces myelosuppression equivalent to that produced by 3
      mg/kg/day x 5 days of ara-C alone. No toxicity occurred with this combination
      that would not have been expected from ara-C given alone in an equitoxic dose.
      Although THU and ara-C produced a reduction in peripheral blood and bone marrow
      blast cells in eight of nine patients with acute leukemia, bone marrow remission
      did not occur in any of these heavily pretreated patients.

PMID- 383293
TI  - Normal metyrapone response after 1 month of high-dose methylprednisolone in
      cancer patients: a phase I study.
AB  - A dose of 125 mg of methylprednisolone was given iv each morning for 28 days to
      six patients with cancer. The posttreatment mean AM/PM serum cortisol
      (hydrocortisone) level of 19.55/11.27 microgram/dl showed a statistically
      significant (P less than 0.05) diurnal rhythm and did not differ from the
      pretreatment level (19.28/11.85 microgram/dl). The response to metyrapone (750 mg
      orally, every 4 hours X six doses) was assessed in five of the six patients
      before and after treatment. No abnormally low Compound S (11-deoxycortisol)
      levels were observed. The mean serum Compound S level (15.30 microgram/dl)
      achieved after treatment did not differ significantly from the pretreatment mean
      level (20.24 microgram/dl, P greater than 0.1). No adverse clinical effects were
      observed during or after this steroid treatment. Since significant hypothalamic
      pituitary-adrenal suppression has not been demonstrated, this regimen appears to
      be safe for use in controlled studies of clinical efficacy.

PMID- 383292
TI  - High-dose BCNU therapy with autologous bone marrow infusion: preliminary
      observations.
AB  - Nine patients with solid malignancies and extensive prior treatment received high
      dose BCNU therapy (600--750 mg/m2) with autologous bone marrow support; following
      this treatment hematopoietic recovery was studied. The only significant
      nonhematopoietic toxicity was a probable case of BCNU-induced pulmonary toxicity
      in a patient who had received massive amounts of prior chemotherapy and chest
      irradiation. The marrow aspirations prior to cryopreservations had revealed a
      hypoplastic marrow in four of nine patients. Despite using marrow exposed to
      prior chemotherapy, neutropenia beyond Day 40 after BCNU therapy was not observed
      in any patient. One patient did not develop neutropenia of less than 1.5 X 10(9)
      cells/liter and five patients did not develop neutropenia of less than 0.5 X
      10(9) cells/liter. A partial response was observed in one patient and less than
      partial responses were observed in two other patients. Autologous bone marrow
      infusion may modify the neutropenia of high-dose BCNU therapy.

PMID- 383294
TI  - Evidence for toxicologic activity of ftorafur independent of conversion to 5
      fluorouracil.

PMID- 383295
TI  - Mass-spectral studies of isomeric D-ribofuranosylribitol disaccharides from the
      capsular polysaccharides of Haemophilus influenzae type b and Escherichia coli K
      100.
AB  - Two isomeric-D-ribofuranosylribitols, derived from capsular polysaccharides of
      Haemophilus influenzae type b and Escherichia coli K 100, were methylated or
      acetylated, and the products analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography-mass
      spectrometry. The marked difference in the mass spectra of the methyl ethers of
      these disaccharides allowed clear distinction between 1- and 2-O-D
      ribofuranosylribitol was characteristic for this disaccharide; its isomer, the (1
      leads to 2)-linked species, has a base peak at m/e 57. The difference in the base
      peaks is attributable to fragmentation of the methylated ribitol, as both spectra
      display common ions characteristic of the methylated D-ribofuranosyl group. For
      the acetylated disaccharides, the mass spectra displayed common ions
      characteristic of the acetylated D-ribofuranosyl group. However, no ions similar
      to those found for the methylated ribitol allowed ready differentiation between
      the two acetates. Instead, their spectra displayed similar ions, differing
      somewhat in relative abundance; the M-1 ion, m/e 577, was obtained for both.
      Comparison of the relative abundance of m/e 139, 259, and 303 in the spectra of
      the two acetates did allow distinction between them.

PMID- 383296
TI  - Patterns of lability towards acid hydrolysis in heterochromatins and euchromatins
      of Triatoma infestans Klug.

PMID- 383297
TI  - Kinetics of microprecipitation in immunofluorescent methods.

PMID- 383298
TI  - [Kidneys perserved by continuous perfusion. Function, histolo- and histochemical
      changes (author's transl)].

PMID- 383299
TI  - A new method for the estimation of cell cycle phases.
AB  - A method is described, which is applicable to cell renewal systems with an
      anatomical structure in which all cell locations may be uniquely mapped. Its use
      is demonstrated on the rat incisor inner enamel epithelium, which forms a one
      cell thick column in the sagittally sectioned tooth. Cells born in the apical
      part of the column migrate toward the distal end of the tooth, where they mature.
      As the cells migrate along the column, they traverse the various cell cycle
      phases. The present study has been designed to estimate the probability of a cell
      being in a given phase; all cells touching the basement membrane were numbered,
      and the number of cells separating any two cells was taken as a measure of
      distance. Since generally all cells move in one direction (lateral cell migration
      may occur), it is possible to solve the problem with the aid of functions
      describing the renewal counting stochastic process in which cell distance serves
      as an independent variable. The method predicts labelled cell and mitotic rates
      which agree with those estimated in the usual way. It was then utilized to
      estimate the fraction of cells in G2.

PMID- 383300
TI  - Localization of cells producting thyroid stimulating hormone in the pituitary
      gland of the domestic drake.
AB  - Cells binding anti-bovine TASH beta serum were found exclusively in the rostral
      lobe of the adenohypophysis of the drake using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase
      complex unlabelled antibody method. The specificity of the binding of the anti
      serum to TSH cells was established by relating the morphology and relative
      abundance of immunochemically stained cells to the TSH content of the
      adenohypophysis after experimentally altering the activity of the pituitary
      thyroid axis. The TSH activity of the adenohypophysis was assessed indirectly, by
      the weight of the thyroid glands, and directly, by bioassay. As determined by
      bioassay, the TSH content of the rostral lobe of the adenohypophysis was much
      greater than that of the caudal lobe. Compared with control drakes,
      immunochemically stained cells in birds fed a goitrogen, methimazole, seemed to
      be enlarged and were closer together, while the stained cells in drakes injected
      with thyroxine were shrunken and less intensely stained. The TSH content of the
      adenohypophysis was increased in drakes fed methimazole. Castration did not alter
      the TSH content of the adenohypophysis or change the morphology of
      immunochemically stained cells. These observations suggest that in the drake: 1)
      anti-bovine TSH beta serum binds specifically to TSH cells; 2) the TSH cells
      occur in the rostral and not in the caudal lobe of the adenohypophysis; and 3)
      the activity of TSH cells is not inhibited by the feedback effects of gonadal
      steroids.

PMID- 383302
TI  - Cyclic changes in the ovary of the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, with special
      reference to sites of steroidogenesis.
AB  - In the maturation cycle of ovaries of cultured rainbow trout, three periods can
      be distinguished: (1) a period of ovulation and previtellogenesis (January-May),
      (2) a period of exogenous vitellogenesis (May-November/December), and (3) a
      period of maturation of oocytes (November/December-January). Enzyme cytochemical
      and electron microscopical data indicate that stroma cells (i.e., interstitial
      cells and special theca cells) and granulosa cells represent sources of steroids.
      Steroidogenesis in stroma cells is found throughout the annual cycle, reaching a
      peak activity in January and February. Weak steroidogenic activity is observed in
      the granulosa cells of exogenous vitellogenic follicles and young postovulatory
      follicles. Possible functions of steroids secreted by stroma cells and granulosa
      cells are discussed.

PMID- 383301
TI  - Effects of isoproterenol on the dense core and perigranular membrane of atrial
      specific granules.
AB  - Following subcutaneous injections of isoproterenol hydrochloride (ISO), atrial
      cells present a large number of partly degranulated or completely clear "specific
      granules" enclosed by an intact membrane. Such profiles were never encountered in
      normal controls and might suggest ISO-induced release of a secretory product.
      Permeability of perigranular membrane was tested using the extracellular
      macromolecular tracer horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Reaction product was entirely
      absent within granules of atrial cells in which the sarcolemma was made permeable
      to HRP molecules by the ISO injections. This seemed to be the case even in
      heavily labelled cells in which the peroxidase had penetrated the mitochondrial
      membranes. In atrial cells impermeable to the tracer, the specific granules
      closely apposed to the sarcolemma were always HRP-negative. The release mechanism
      of a possible secretory substance from the specific granules is discussed.

PMID- 383304
TI  - Controlled trial of sulpiride (Eglonyl) in duodenal ulceration.

PMID- 383305
TI  - Multiple keratins of cultured human epidermal cells are translated from different
      mRNA molecules.

PMID- 383306
TI  - [Ophthalmologic work published outside of Czechoslovak ophthalmology during 1967
      1977].

PMID- 383303
TI  - Peptide hormone-like immunoreactivity in the gastrointestinal tract and endocrine
      pancreas of eleven teleost species.
AB  - The distribution of peptide hormone-like immunostaining in the gastrointestinal
      tract of 11 teleost species was investigated by immunofluorescence. Cells
      immunoreactive for somatostatin were found in the glandular epithelium of the
      stomach of four species and in the epithelium of the pyloric appendage of one
      species. The mid-gut epithelium contained cells reactive with antibodies to
      glucagon (three species), gastrin (five species), pancreatic polypeptide (five
      species), and substance P (two species). Cells immunoreactive for met-enkephalin
      were found in the epithelium of both the mid-gut and the stomach of six species.
      In six species in which the endocrine pancreas was investigated, insulin-,
      glucagon-, and somatostatin-like immunoreactivity was observed. Pancreatic
      polypeptide was definitely localised by immunostaining in cells of the endocrine
      pancreas of only one out of three species examined. Vasocative intestinal
      polypeptide-, neurotensin-, bombesin-, and enkephalin-like immunoreactivity was
      identified in the gastrointestinal nerve fibres in various species. In view of
      the considerable species variation found, caution should be exercised in
      generalising about the peptides present in the gastrointestinal tract of fish.

PMID- 383307
TI  - Non-random nature of 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced alterations of DNA template
      capacity.
AB  - Male rats were fed a diet containing 0.03% (w/w) 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) and
      their hepatic DNA was isolated and transcribed with E. coli RNA polymerase.
      Ingestion of the carcinogen-containing diet for 4 days substantially reduced the
      template capacity of the isolated DNA. This reduction in template capacity was
      due to an apparent decreased RNA chain size (up to 50%), with no significant
      changes in initiation or re-initiation of RNA synthesis. This premature
      termination of RNA synthesis was accompanied, in some instances, by a reduced
      rate of RNA chain elongation. When the rats were returned to a basal diet for 7
      days following 4 days of AAF ingestion, template capacity and RNA chain size
      returned to control values. Fractionation of hepatic chromatin on a glycerol
      gradient revealed that inhibition of DNA template capacity occurs on portions
      exhibiting characteristics of expressed, as well as those with characteristics of
      repressed, segments of the genome. In contrast, the DNA isolated from a small,
      highly condensed chromatin fraction (15% of total chromatin-DNA) showed no
      significant reduction in total template capacity. Analysis of the fidelity of RNA
      synthesis on this DNA template was performed by determining the rate of addition
      of individual nucleotide triphosphates to a growing RNA chain. Large reductions
      in the rates of adenosine and uridine polymerization were observed while no
      changes in guanosine or cytidine polymerization were found. This suggests the
      presence of functionally significant carcinogen-induced modifications of adenine.
      The inhibition in the rate of adenosine and uridine polymerization was reversed
      when the animals were placed on a basal diet after AAF ingestion.

PMID- 383308
TI  - [Two new cases of autochtonous malaria in the Parisian area showing two different
      modes of contamination].

PMID- 383309
TI  - [Changes in fluorescent antibodies in experimental bilharziasis with S. mansoni
      and S. haematobium in mice. Comparison of the results obtained using homologous
      and heterologous antigens].
AB  - Fluorescent antischistosomiasis antibodies appear earlier in mice infected by
      150/200 cercariae than in those who only received 20. The use of a homologous
      antigen in mice infected by S. mansoni or S. haematobium allows earlier and more
      important responses. The infections by S. haematobium seem to determinate in mice
      a more important immune responsiveness. Is it a specific parasitic manifestation
      (S. mansoni being better adapted to rodents?).

PMID- 383310
TI  - [Schistosoma mansoni and haematobium antisera tested by homologous and
      heterologous antigens. Comparison of the results obtained by indirect
      immunofluorescence technic].
AB  - The study of anti Schistosoma mansoni and anti Schistosoma haematobium sera by
      homologous and heterologous antigen shows that Schistosoma haematobium has an
      immunogenic strength as good as that of Schistosoma mansoni. The joint use of the
      two antigens can be useful in epidemiologic investigations in Africa so as to
      track down seats of Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium and the
      prevalence of the infection.

PMID- 383311
TI  - A nitroindanedione mast cell stabiliser in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: a
      controlled trial.
AB  - An orally absorbed mast cell stabiliser (BRL-10833) has been compared with
      placebo in a double-blind controlled trial in twenty-five patients with
      ulcerative colitis; patients received each treatment for one month. There was no
      significant clinical improvement in symptoms or sigmoidoscopic findings with the
      drug but there was significant improvement in the histological appearance of
      rectal biopsies during active treatment.

PMID- 383312
TI  - Incidence of immediate sensitivity to Aspergillus fumigatus in a North American
      asthmatic population.
AB  - Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis might be less frequent in North America
      because the incidence of immediate sensitivity by asthmatics to A. fumigatus is
      less. In order to check this hypothesis, 200 asthmatics were skin tested with two
      extracts of A. fumigatus which had been shown to produce positive reactions in
      fifty patients who had allergic aspergillosis. Of the asthmatics, 21.5% reacted
      to the commercial extract by prick testing and 39% by intradermal testing. Using
      an extract kindly provided by Professor Pepys, 19.5% reacted to a concentration
      of 1 mg/ml and 31.5% to 10 mg/ml. By the prick method, 21.5% reacted to both
      extracts. Specific IgE was measured with one of the extracts and a good
      correlation (r = 0.48) was found with the size of the prick reaction. The
      increase in specific IgE was reflected in the increase of total IgE (r = 0.84).
      The authors conclude that the incidence of immediate sensitivity to A. fumigatus
      in asthmatic patients in North America is at least equal to that found in the
      U.K.

PMID- 383313
TI  - History of the Northeast Section, AACC.

PMID- 383314
TI  - Use of decreased reagent volumes in enzyme immunoassay.

PMID- 383315
TI  - Selective inhibitory effect of porcine follicular fluid on follicle stimulating
      hormone secretion in anterior pituitary cells in culture.
AB  - Incubation of rat anterior pituitary cells in culture with porcine follicular
      fluid (treated with charcoal to remove steroids) led to a marked inhibition of
      spontaneous FSH release while no effect was observed on basal LH secretion. The
      inhibitory effect of follicular fluid was, however, less specific on LHRH-induced
      gonadotropin release. Although more potent on FSH than LH release, a significant
      inhibition of LH release induced by the neurohormone was also observed. This
      inhibitory activity is mainly associated with material of MW greater than or
      equal to 10,000 daltons.

PMID- 383317
TI  - Oestrogen modulation of gonadotrophin and prolactin release in women with
      anovulation and their responses to clomiphene.
AB  - An LHRH test was performed before and at both 44 and 92 h after the
      administration of 2.5 mg oestradiol benzoate in eleven patients with
      hyperprolactinaemia, eight with idiopathic secondary amenorrhoea and seven with
      oligomenorrhoea. The basal serum hormone concentrations and the responses to LHRH
      were compared with the same tests performed on ten normal subjects during the
      early follicular phase of their menstrual cycles (days 4--6). Mean basal
      concentrations of oestradiol in each group of patients and oestrone in those with
      hyperprolactinaemia were significantly lower than in the normal subjects. The
      mean concentration of prolactin in women with secondary amenorrhoea remained
      lower than in the normal women throught the tests (P less than 0.05). The LH and
      FSH responses to LHRH before oestrogen in patients with hyperprolactinaemia and
      of FSH in those with secondary amenorrhoea, were greater than in the normal
      subjects (P less than 0.001). After oestrogen treatment the responses were
      similar in all groups except in those with oligomenorrhoea where LH and FSH
      responses at 44 h (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01 respectively) and LH
      responses at 92 h (P less than 0.01) were lower than in normal controls. The
      responses at 92 h in all groups were greater than at 44 h (amplification) but the
      amplification at 92 h and at 44 h compared to the pre-treatment responses, tended
      to be lower in each group of patients compared to the normal controls. In the
      hyperprolactinaemic group of patients there was a negative correlation between
      the basal prolactin concentration and the gonadotrophin amplifications at 92 h (P
      less than 0.01), and a positive correlation between the basal oestrone levels and
      the amplifications at 92 h (P less than 0.01). The results of the oestrogen
      amplification test in eleven of the non-hyperprolactinaemic anovular patients
      were compared with the ovulatory response to 100 mg clomiphene given for 5 days.
      Six showed a normal oestrogen amplification and they all ovulated. Two patients
      failed to show greater amplification at 92 than at 44 h and required human
      chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) as well as clomiphene to ovulate. The other three
      showed a diminished LH amplification at 92 h; they required 200 mg clomiphene and
      showed a prolonged follicular phase. The responses of the hyperprolactinaemic
      patients to clomiphene were poor and there was a negative correlation between
      prolactin concentration and oestrogen production (P less than 0.01). All ten
      hyperprolactinaemic patients treated with bromocriptine ovulated and eight
      conceived. The oestrogen amplification test appears to have some value in
      predicting the subsequent response to clomiphene in non-hyperprolactinaemic
      anovular women.

PMID- 383316
TI  - Comparison of long-acting analogues of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in
      man.
AB  - Currently, LHRH, when used therapeutically, is given by parenteral injection
      every 8 h. We have looked at the release of LH and FSH induced by five analogues
      of LHRH and compared this with gonadotrophin release after synthetic LHRH. The
      analogues were substituted in position 6 or in positions 6 and 10 and were given
      intravenously, intranasally or subcutaneously in three separate studies. After
      intravenous administration of 100 micrograms, all analogues caused greater
      release of LH and FSH than did synthetic LHRH. Given intranasally in a dose of
      500 micrograms, three of the four analogues tested caused greater LH and FSH
      release than did LHRH. With tryptophan substitution in position 6 (D-TRP6-LHRH),
      mean LH levels in five subjects were still above the normal range 24 h after a
      single intranasal dose. The intranasal administration of selected analogues of
      LHRH has great potential in the treatment of conditions associated with deficient
      gonadotrophin secretion, provided that pituitary overstimulation, which may
      eventually lead to a decrease in LH and FSH output by the anterior pituitary, is
      avoided.

PMID- 383318
TI  - The role of septoplasty and the submucous resection.

PMID- 383319
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of GI hormones.

PMID- 383320
TI  - The chemical characterization of gastrointestinal hormones.

PMID- 383321
TI  - Gastrointestinal hormones and disease of the gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 383322
TI  - Metabolic effects of gut hormones.

PMID- 383323
TI  - GIP and the entero-insular axis.

PMID- 383324
TI  - The Zollinger--Ellison syndrome.

PMID- 383325
TI  - The stomach. Part I: Vagotomy.

PMID- 383326
TI  - The stomach. Part II: Partial gastric resection.

PMID- 383327
TI  - The stomach. Part III: Total gastrectomy.

PMID- 383328
TI  - The colon. Part III: Postoperative complications of appendectomy (including
      adhesions).

PMID- 383329
TI  - Postsurgical complications involving the pancreas.

PMID- 383330
TI  - The biliary tract. Part I: Cholecystectomy.

PMID- 383331
TI  - Immunological changes observed in indeterminate and lepromatous leprosy patients
      and Mitsuda-negative contacts after the inoculation of a mixture of Mycobacterium
      leprae and BCG.
AB  - This investigation was carried out to study the possibility of eliciting
      favourable immunological changes in small groups of Mitsuda-negative patients
      with indeterminate leprosy, lepromatous patients who were bacteriologically
      negative after prolonged treatment with sulphones, and in Mitsuda-negative
      contacts by means of stimulation with a mixture of autoclaved tissues from
      Mycobacterium leprae-infected armadillos and living BCG. A radical change was
      observed in the specific immunological activity of the indeterminate group, all
      of whom initially had occasional bacilli in cutaneous nerves in biopsies taken
      from hypopigmented spots, and in the persistently Mitsuda-negative contacts. The
      48 hr and 30 day reactions to lepromin, the 48 hr reaction to supernatant antigen
      from lepromin, the test for bacillary clearence and in vitro lymphocyte
      transformation (LTT) to M. leprae from human and armadillo lesions all became
      positive. Of the lepromatous patients studied, only one became positive to all
      the criteria mentioned above. In the others, the 48 hr reaction to supernatant
      antigen, the LTT to antigen from a humn source, and the clearance test remained
      negative, while the Fernandez and Mitsuda reactions became positive. These
      results are discussed in terms of the possible use of this stimulation procedure
      in the prevention and immunotherapy of leprosy.

PMID- 383332
TI  - Affinity for measles virus anti-haemolysin of a residual immunoglobulin M in sera
      of some patients with multiple sclerosis.
AB  - HEp2 cells persistently infected with measles virus were treated with trypsin to
      remove haemagglutinin (HA) and examined unfixed or fixed in acetone by
      fluorescent antibody methods, comparing those sera specific for structural
      antigens of the virus. Staining patterns combined with the blocking of specific
      immunofluorescence indicated that IgG specific for measles virus haemolysin could
      be recognized in multiple sclerosis (MS) sera and that in some sera from which
      rheumatoid factor had been removed, a residual IgM (MS-IgM) was absorbed to
      measles virus-infected cells and showed the same specificity in blocking tests as
      measles virus anti-haemolysin. MS-IgM could be removed from sera by absorption
      with latex particles coated with human IgG and would seem to be anti-globulin
      with preferential affinity for anti-haemolysin.

PMID- 383334
TI  - Immunofluorescent reactivity of human and rabbit anti-actin antibody compared.

PMID- 383333
TI  - Interactions between IgM antiglobulins and IgG antinuclear antibodies. Some
      aspects of D-penicillamine activities.
AB  - In this report we describe an in vitro masking action of IgM rheumatoid factor
      (IgM-RF) towards IgG antinuclear antibodies (IgG-ANA) which can be recovered by
      using D-penicillamine (DP) as an unmasking agent. The mechanism of this masking
      effect was elucidated by using smears of rat free nucleus as substrate, instead
      of the classical rat liver cryostat sections technique. It was postulated that
      the 'inhibition' of IgG-ANA by IgM-RF may be due to the formation of high
      molecular weight complexes (HMWC); this would be the same in vivo. Allowing the
      formation of HMWC which can be removed from the circulation, IgM-RF may have a
      protective effect by preventing or minimizing systemic lesions. Therefore, IgM-RF
      may be considered as a defence response against potentially noxious ANA or
      antigen-antibody complexes. Induced nephropathy and the high frequency of
      detection of ANA observed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated by DP may
      be the result of the dissociating effect of this drug on HMWC, in which the
      activity of pre-existing ANA is hidden when rat liver sections are used for its
      detection.

PMID- 383336
TI  - The effects of Brescia-Cimino fistulas and cardiac function in transplanted
      pediatric patients.
AB  - The cardiac hemodynamic effects of patent Brescia Cimino fistulas were assessed
      using non-invasive techniques in 10 pediatric patients who had undergone
      successful renal cadaveric transplantation. All had hemoglobin levels above 11
      g/dl and had serum creatinine values of less than 1.5 mg/dl. Studies were done
      prior to and after temporary fistula occlusion to assess the effect of fistula
      patency on parameters of cardiac function. Values obtained prior to fistula
      occlusion were compared to those obtained in a normal control population. It was
      noted that though fistula patency did significantly alter cardiac function,
      changes were such that fistula patency could be safely maintained. It was also
      noted that the difference in cardiac index prior to and after occlusion provided
      a good assessment of fistula flow.

PMID- 383335
TI  - Cell surface glycosphingolipids of normal and leukemic human lymphocytes.

PMID- 383337
TI  - Membranous glomerulonephritis in congenital syphilis.
AB  - The glomerulonephritis of congenital syphilis is thought to be immune-complex
      mediated. We describe a case of C. S. in whom the only manifestation was a
      glomerulonephritis. Immunopathogenic studies allowed the identification of
      treponemal antigen in glomeruli. The elution of immunoglobulins from renal tissue
      showed that glomerular deposits contained antitreponemal antibodies.
      Cryoglobulins with antitreponemal activity were also isolated from the patient's
      serum.

PMID- 383338
TI  - The classic. An improved method of treating fractures of the thigh. Illustrated
      by cases and a drawing: Gurdon Buck, M.D.

PMID- 383340
TI  - Lumbosacral fusion using internal fixation with a spinous process for the graft:
      a review of 50 patients with a five-year maximum follow-up.
AB  - During a 5 year period 50 patients with chronic low back pain, with or without
      sciatica due to a proven lumbosacral disk lesion, underwent a spinal fusion using
      the Boucher method of screw fixation of the facet joints. The L-4 spinous process
      was excised and fashioned into an H-shape to act as the bone graft between the
      spinous processes so avoiding an iliac crest incision. Thus blood loss and
      operating time were substantially diminished. The screws maintain fixation for an
      8-week period during which time the graft is "taking." Being inserted with
      spinous processes distracted about 1 cm the screws and the graft take the load
      off the painful posterior part of the annulus, and in addition, the distraction
      of the spinous processes enlarges the intervertebral foramina by about 1 cm thus
      making subsequent foraminal stenosis unlikely. Loosening of the screws after
      incorporation of the graft was observed in some cases, but was not considered to
      be clinically significant. Spinal fusion using screws for internal fixation
      including indications and contraindications requires careful consideration of
      operative technique, postoperative management and complications. The clinical
      evolution of 86% of the patients was rated good or fair from a clinical
      standpoint; 86% showed a fusion; 14% demonstrated a pseudarthrosis. Three of the
      7 pseudarthrotic patients had a good clinical result. The other 4 had only a fair
      clinical result. Nine of the 14 patients with fair clinical results had a fusion
      radiologically; all 7 of the clinically unimproved had a fusion. Since the graft
      is placed at least 1 cm dorsal to the laminae, spinal cancal stenosis is
      extremely unlikely.

PMID- 383339
TI  - The bone inductive capacity of various bone transplanting materials used for
      treatment of experimental bone defects.
AB  - The bone defect repairing capacities of autogenous cancellous bone (ACB),
      decalcified bone (DB), autodigested "low-antigenic" bone matrix (LBM) and
      preserved bone (PB) were tested in experimental defects in rabbit scapulae. The
      healing of the defects was most effective with ACB transplants as judged by
      roentgenologic and microscopic studies. The DB and LBM transplants caused states
      of healing comparable to each other, and the PB transplants showed the least
      satisfactory results in this experiment. The ACB, DB and LBM transplants caused
      bone induction, which resulted in the formation of new bone, subsequent
      resorption of the transplanted material and rapid reshaping of the callus. The PB
      transplants caused no bone induction; only some growth of callus on the edges of
      the defect was observed and pieces of the transplanted material were seen as late
      as 10 weeks after the operation as dead particles encapsulated by fibrous tissue.
      The infiltrations of inflammatory cells around the PB transplants indicated a
      considerable host versus graft reaction whereas this reaction was less with the
      other materials tested.

PMID- 383341
TI  - A new surgical approach in the treatment of depressed lateral condylar fractures
      of the tibia.
AB  - Surgical repair of 18 fractures of the laterotibial condyle was performed by a
      surgical technique combining features of several standard procedures. Complete
      lateral exposure of the tibial articular surface is obtained through resection of
      its fibular head. Anatomical reduction is obtained under direct vision. The
      lateral meniscus is usually preserved and bony reduction is maintained by
      cancellous and cortical bone graft reinforced with internal fixation.

PMID- 383342
TI  - Degradation of bone matrix morphogenetic activity by pulverization.
AB  - The yield of new bone from implants of pulverized demineralized whole matrix and
      bone matrix gelatin declines as the particle size decreases in diameter below 125
      microns. The corresponding increase in surface area and mechanically-induced free
      radicals is associated with an increase in solubility of bone matrix proteins.
      These changes in physiocochemical properties and the concomitant reduction in
      bone yield suggest that prolonged pulverization denatures a bone morphogenetic
      protein (BMP).

PMID- 383343
TI  - Effect of synovectomy upon regeneration of meniscus in rabbits.

PMID- 383344
TI  - Experimental reaming of the proximal femur and acrylic cement implantation:
      vascular and histologic effects.
AB  - The technique of microangiography and correlated histology was used, in
      experiments on the proximal femora of mature mongrel dogs, to study the effects
      of simple medullary reaming and of reaming followed by insertion of acrylic
      cement. The hip joints were not disturbed. A segment of Steinmann pin,
      representing the stem of a hip prosthesis, was inserted into the cement as it was
      polymerizing. The most significant results, after reaming alone, were
      devascularization and apparent necrosis of large areas of the cortex of the
      subtrochanteric femoral diaphysis. Full recovery was observed in 6 months.
      However, when acrylic cement was introduced following the reaming, extensive
      necrosis of the inner layers of the diaphyseal cortex was still present after a
      year, when the observations were terminated. The presence of necrosis of bone was
      judged by the lack of visible osteocytes in the lacunae. After the
      devascularization caused by filling the diaphyseal medulla with acrylic cement,
      the apparently necrotic cortex was revitalized without osteoclasia. That is in
      contrast to the results in another study in which osteoclasia and osteoneogenesis
      were required to restore cortex with empty cell lacunae. This raises the question
      of dormant osteonecrosis in contrast to total osteonecrosis. These studies show,
      in thin histologic preparations, acrylic bone cement in situ in the tissues. A
      fibrous membrane was found at the cement-bone interface in most areas. It was
      thicker in the diaphysis than in the metaphysis. The physiologic effects of
      acrylic cement implantation are considered to be likely factors in the loosening
      which is observed clinically when the femoral components of hip prostheses are
      under protracted stress.

PMID- 383346
TI  - Contraception for the male: problems with progress.

PMID- 383345
TI  - Natural family planning.

PMID- 383347
TI  - Some practical aspects of contraception.

PMID- 383348
TI  - Intrauterine devices.

PMID- 383350
TI  - Barrier methods.

PMID- 383349
TI  - Oral contraception.

PMID- 383351
TI  - Abortion.

PMID- 383352
TI  - Male sterilization.

PMID- 383353
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of phenytoin.
AB  - Phenytoin is a relatively insoluble weak acid, usually administered as the sodium
      salt. Bioavailability is dependent upon particle size and problems of generic
      inequivalence have therefore arisen, particularly in Scandinavia. The drug has a
      moderately large volume of distribution and is approximately 90% bound to plasma
      proteins. Clinically important displacement can be caused by bilirubin and
      several drugs, particularly sodium valproate, which is often combined with
      phenytoin. Displacement will lower the total serum concentration but will little
      affect the free drug concentration. The metabolism of phenytoin to the major
      metabolite, 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(phenylhydantoin, is saturable, giving rise to
      a non linear dose-serum concentration relationship. Therefore, the dose range
      compatible with a therapeutic serum concentration is narrow within subjects, and
      monitoring serum concentrations is of particular value in dosage tailoring. In
      renal failure, the binding of phenytoin to plasma proteins is reduced and
      therefore a lower range of serum drug concentrations is compatible with
      therapeutic control. In liver disease, binding may also be impaired but delayed
      metabolism may occur in addition. During pregnancy the serum concentration may
      fall progressively as pregnancy advances, probably due to an increased rate of
      metabolism. Phenytoin readily crosses the placenta, and is metabolised rapidly by
      the neonate exposed in utero.

PMID- 383356
TI  - Gilbert's syndrome and drug metabolism.
AB  - Gilbert's syndrome is an inherited disorder which is characterised by
      unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. In patients with Gilbert's syndrome, both
      bilirubin clearance and in vitro hepatic microsomal uridine diphosphoglucuronyl
      transferase (UDPGT) activity are reduced. In addition, there is evidence
      suggesting impaired hepatic uptake of bilirubin in Gilbert's syndrome.
      Glucuronidation of a number of substrates appears to be impaired in Gilbert's
      syndrome, but the significance of the reported changes in oxidation and
      acetylation are less clear.

PMID- 383357
TI  - Corticosteroid pharmacokinetics in liver disease.
AB  - Among the corticosteroids, prednisone is the most commonly used in the treatment
      of chronic active liver disease. However, its pharmacokinetics have only recently
      been investigated. Prednisone is effectively absorbed and converted to its active
      therapeutic derivative, prednisolone, in healthy volunteers and in patients with
      liver disease; the bioavailability of oral prednisone approximates 100% of an
      intravenous dose and is comparable after administration of either prednisone or
      prednisolone. Patients with liver disease and hypoalbuminaemia are more likely to
      suffer major side effects of prednisone as a consequence of decreased protein
      binding and delayed clearance of prednisolone. Dosage in such patients should be
      reduced in accordance with serum albumin concentration.

PMID- 383359
TI  - Noninvasive monitoring of intracranial pressure: a new approach for neonatal
      clinical pharmacology.
AB  - Measurements taken with the pressure-activated fiberoptic sensor should provide
      better insight into the relative usefulness of various agents such as glycerol
      and corticosteroids in the reduction of intracranial pressure. It is also useful
      in monitoring pressure changes during asphyxia-hypoxia, convulsions, and
      anesthesia, and in demonstrating the effects of drugs such as furosemide on
      intracranial pressure.

PMID- 383358
TI  - Transcutaneous oxygen measurement to evaluate drug effects.
AB  - The evaluation of pharmacologic effects in perinatal medicine is dependent on our
      clinical methods for measurement and monitoring of the mother, the fetus, and the
      newborn infant. The development of a noninvasive continuous method of measuring
      PO2, the transcutaneous PO2 electrode, has greatly enhanced the ability to assess
      effects of drugs on the cardiorespiratory system. During labor, diazepam and
      meperidine have been documented to cause respiratory depression and significant
      decreases in PO2. The advantageous effect of epidural anesthesia on the oxygen
      cardiorespirogram of mothers in labor has also been demonstrated. Both fetal and
      maternal tcPO2 have been successfully assessed during the administration of
      peridural catheter anesthesia (carticaine) and during suppression of labor with
      fenoterol. In the newborn infant, monitoring of tcPO2 has been helpful in
      assessing the residual effects of drugs administered during labor and delivery,
      in prescribing the appropriate and safe dose of oxygen, and in defining the
      effects of theophylline on the oxygen-cardiorespirogram. We have also
      demonstrated the effect of furosemide on PO2 in the treatment of pulmonary edema
      accompanying bronchopulmonary dysplasia and of indomethacin for the management of
      patent ductus arteriosus. Use of tcPO2 measurements for clinical pharmacologic
      evaluation is a promising addition to our research techniques.

PMID- 383355
TI  - Use of serum creatinine concentrations to determine renal function.
AB  - Serum creatinine concentrations are widely used clinically as an index of renal
      function. In stable normal or reduced renal function they are determined by the
      rate of creatinine production and the endogenous creatinine clearance, and,
      during changing renal function, also by the apparent volume of distribution of
      creatinine. These determinants of serum creatinine concentrations, however, are
      affected by age, sex and body weight. The rate of creatinine production is
      proportional to body weight, and it decreases with age and is slower in females
      than in males. The endogenous creatinine clearance decreases with age and is
      lower in females than in males. The apparent volume of distribution of creatinine
      is equal to the total body water, which is proportional to body weight, and it
      decreases with age and is lower in females than in males. The individual
      relationships between the determinants of serum creatinine concentrations and
      age, sex, and body weight on the relationship between normal and reduced renal
      function and serum creatinine concentrations are illustrated by simulations.
      Equations are derived to predict endogenous creatinine clearance from serum
      creatinine concentrations, and a nomogram is presented for determining relative
      renal function from serum creatinine concentrations, which take into account the
      age, sex and body weight of the individual patient. It is recommended for rapid
      clinical evaluation of stable normal or reduced renal function. When rapid
      changes are expected clinically, however, it is recommended to use a mid urine
      collection period serum creatinine sample for creatinine clearance determination.

PMID- 383360
TI  - Fluid and electrolyte balance in very low birth weight infants.
AB  - Correct fluid and electrolyte concentrations are essential to reduce mortality in
      critically ill infants. The authors list considerations in calculating the
      necessary maintenance volumes and emphasize the importance of continuous
      monitoring of data and a review and retabulation every eight hours, because
      requirements vary from one infant to the other, and in the same infant under
      different circumstances.

PMID- 383354
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of aminoglycoside antibiotics.

PMID- 383361
TI  - Chloramphenicol and the neonate--1979 view.
AB  - In a therapeutic tragedy perhaps even more widespread than the thalidomide
      disaster, untold lives were lost between 1949 and 1958 through the administration
      of inappropriate doses of chloramphenicol to newborn infants. Sensitive assays of
      blood levels of chloramphenicol now available make it possible to employ this
      useful antibiotic avoiding its toxic effects. The author reviews accumulated
      knowledge about chloramphenicol in the newborn infant.

PMID- 383362
TI  - In utero opiate dependence and sudden infant death syndrome.
AB  - Infants born to smoking, alcoholic, and drug-dependent women appear to suffer
      increased prenatal and postnatal growth deficiency, vascular changes, and hypoxic
      episodes as a result of decreased oxygen carrying capacity in the blood,
      depression with overdose, and withdrawal symptoms. The author reviews these
      associations and suggests further research to clarify their role in the sudden
      infant death syndrome.

PMID- 383363
TI  - Influence of drug exposure of the father on perinatal outcome.
AB  - Initial skepticism that paternally administered drugs could damage the developing
      fetus has given way to concern that lead, narcotics, ethanol, anticonvulsants,
      anesthetic gases, caffeine, or cigarette smoke ingested at the time of conception
      might damage sperm or sperm motility or have indirect effects resulting in an
      increase in neonatal morbidity and mortality.

PMID- 383364
TI  - Effect of drugs on intrauterine growth.
AB  - Although the teratogenic potential of maternally administered drugs is well
      known, their stimulation of intrauterine growth retardation may be equally
      deleterious. Possible adverse effects of propranolol, steroids, anticonvulsants,
      tranquilizers, and maternal smoking and drinking are discussed. Questions of
      fetal development and maternal management are considered in light of their
      interference with the mechanism of growth regulation.

PMID- 383365
TI  - Development pharmacokinetics of the posterior pituitary hormones.
AB  - Arginine vasotocin, arginine vasopressin, and oxytocin play a critical role in
      the stimulation of labor and delivery and in salt and water homeostasis in the
      newborn infant. The authors present information on their chemistry, secretion,
      and metabolism, and discuss the clinical effects upon target organs of their
      presence or absence.

PMID- 383366
TI  - Methylxanthines in apnea of prematurity.
AB  - Caffeine and theophylline are effective in the treatment of apnea in the newborn
      infant. Controlled studies of efficacy and comparative efficacy and studies of
      toxicity are visibly lacking. Both drugs exert their anti-apneic activity by
      stimulation of the respiratory center. Both drugs are eliminated from the baby
      slowly (caffeine even slower than theophylline) and doses should be adjusted
      accordingly. Neonates excrete caffeine largely unchanged and they methylate
      theophylline to caffeine significantly. Caffeine seems preferable to theophylline
      because of its wider therapeutic index, ease of administration (i.e., given once
      per day), lesser fluctuation in plasma concentration owing to longer half-life,
      potent central respirogenic effect, and fewer peripheral side effects. Areas of
      concern and feasible research have been discussed.

PMID- 383367
TI  - Two of the newer 'gastrointestinal hormones'.

PMID- 383368
TI  - Rapid hormonal control of hepatic catabolism in health and disease.

PMID- 383369
TI  - Arterial wall or plasma renin in hypertension?

PMID- 383371
TI  - Effects of an orally active converting-enzyme inhibitor, SQ 14225, on pressor
      responses to angiotensin administered into the brain ventricles of spontaneously
      hypertensive rats.
AB  - 1. Two hours after oral feeding of normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats with the
      converting-enzyme inhibitor SQ 14225 (1 and 10 mg/kg), an increase of angiotensin
      I plasma concentrations from 892 +/- 113 to 1660 +/- 167 and 2951 +/- 405 pg/ml
      was observed. 2. Administration of SQ 14225 with the drinking fluid overnight
      suppressed the pressor responses to intravenous angiotensin I, although the blood
      pressure increase after intravenous angiotensin II was not altered in
      normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. No change of pressor effects
      after injections of angiotensin I and II into the brain ventricles was observed
      after oral SQ 14225. 3. Intracerebroventricular infusions of SQ 14225 in
      spontaneously hypertensive rats abolished the central pressor responses to
      angiotensin I. 4. The results show that SQ 14225 effectively blocked the
      conversion of endogenous and exogenous angiotensin I into angiotensin II in
      plasma, and the conversion of exogenous angiotensin I in brain. Under the
      conditions studied, SQ 14225 does not cross the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier
      in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

PMID- 383370
TI  - Water balance and hyponatraemia.

PMID- 383372
TI  - Consequences of impaired splenic function.

PMID- 383374
TI  - Plasmid-encoded functions involved in the replication and inheritance of
      antibiotic-resistance plasmid R6-5.

PMID- 383373
TI  - Subcellular fractionation studies of the intestinal mucosa in congenital sucrase-
      isomaltase deficiency.
AB  - 1. Jejunal biopsy specimens from three children with congenital sucrase
      isomaltase deficiency were assayed for disaccharidase activity and were subjected
      to analytical subcellular fractionation with enzymic microanalysis. 2. By use of
      the highly sensitive fluorigenic modification of the disaccharidase assay, brush
      border sucrase and isomaltase activities were depressed but nevertheless
      detectable in each child. 3. Apart from the expected decrease in brush-border
      alpha-glucosidase activity, the other enterocyte marker-enzyme activities were
      normal. 4. There were no abnormalities in the enterocytes of any child on
      analytical subcellular fractionation or on electron microsocopy.

PMID- 383375
TI  - Use of autonomously replicating mini-R6K plasmids in the analysis of the
      replication regions of the R plasmid R6K.

PMID- 383376
TI  - Origin of replication, oriC, of the Escherichia coli K12 chromosome: genetic
      mapping and minichromosome replication.

PMID- 383377
TI  - Structural and functional properties of the Escherichia coli origin of DNA
      replication.

PMID- 383379
TI  - Evidence for many nonnascent DNA molecules the size of Okazaki fragments in
      Escherichia coli and 3T3 cells: very few have 5'-terminal ribonucleotides.

PMID- 383378
TI  - Structure and metabolism of the RNA primer in the discontinuous replication of
      prokaryotic DNA.

PMID- 383380
TI  - Cross-reactivation and partial replication of UV-irradiated T7+ DNA.

PMID- 383381
TI  - recA-dependent DNA replication in the absence of protein synthesis:
      characteristics of a dominant lethal replication mutation, dnaT, and requirement
      for recA+ function.

PMID- 383382
TI  - The Escherichia coli dnaB protein is required for initiation of chromosomal DNA
      replication.

PMID- 383383
TI  - Chromosome replication in Escherichia coli is inhibited in the terminus region
      near the rac locus.

PMID- 383384
TI  - Studies on the prereplicative phase of the cell cycle in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.

PMID- 383385
TI  - A stimulatory factor for yeast DNA polymerase.

PMID- 383386
TI  - Genetic and physical studies on the replication of ColE1-type plasmids.

PMID- 383387
TI  - Complete nucleotide sequence of the Escherichia coli plasmid pBR322.

PMID- 383388
TI  - Plasmid DNA replication: RK2- and R6K-encoded trans-acting factors and their
      sites of action.

PMID- 383389
TI  - Essential regions for replication of a stringent and a relaxed plasmid in
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 383390
TI  - Sick sinus syndrome clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.

PMID- 383391
TI  - The clinical significance of left bundle branch block.

PMID- 383392
TI  - Vasodilator therapy for chronic heart failure.

PMID- 383393
TI  - Health care and medical systems in Japan.

PMID- 383394
TI  - Nosology and therapy of mental illness in Ayurveda.
AB  - Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of medicine, is described in Atharva Veda and
      in subsequent treatises by Charak, Susrut, and Vagbhatt, containing the details
      of etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and therapy of afflictions in humans and
      animals. The science of mental disorders (Bhoot-Vidya) describes extensively
      conditions from mild anger and greed to severe psychoses. This paper presents a
      synoptic overview comparing the clinical conditions described in Ayurveda with
      clinical conditions described in the Internationl Classification of Diseases. The
      symbiotic relationship between 'psyche' and 'soma' was recognised in Ayurveda,
      attributing the highest importance to psychic energy as the propulsive power of
      creation--the original force. According to Vedic concepts, personality is
      composed of three elements (gunas): i. Satva (pure qualities), ii. Rajas
      (pleasure-seeking propensities and emotions), iii. Tamas (animal-like behavioural
      tendencies leading to deterioration). Abnormalities result from the excess of
      Tomas and Rajas. The main therapies are i. suggestion, auto-suggestion, hynotism,
      assurance, persuasion, and ritualistic therapy; ii. transferring of symptoms;
      iii. confession, penance, and sacrifice; iv. use of natural elements; v. medicine
      and endocrine therapies; and vi. tantic and yogic practices.

PMID- 383396
TI  - The Islamic psycho-social approach to alcoholism.
AB  - Alcoholism in Islamic countries has such a low incidence that it is not yet
      considered a serious public health problem of the Moslem states. The reason is
      that the precepts of Islam succeeded in reducing alcoholic dependence, and offer
      a unique example in prohibiting this social evil.

PMID- 383395
TI  - Culture and alcohol--cultural traditions and alcohol consumption in India.

PMID- 383397
TI  - [Karl Kraus and psychiatry. An assay].
AB  - This essay deals with Karl Kraus' polemics against psychiatry; not only orthodox
      psychiatry but also psychoanalysis, which at that time was gaining in importance.
      The introduction is an appreciation of Kraus' significance for the German
      speaking civilization. Then the two cases, Louis von Sachsen and Prof. Beer, are
      discussed in relationship to Kraus' polemics against forensic psychiatry, for in
      these cases  forensic psychiatry was in danger of losing its claim of being
      scientific and of becoming a supporter of the vested interests or an advocate of
      sexual repression. It is then attempted to show how aphorisms with universal
      validity arise out of topical polemics. Kraus' position in relation to Freud and
      his school is discussed. We try to demonstrate that the similarity in opinion
      that H. Marcuse assumed about the significance of a sexual economy can only be a
      superficial one, especially as it relates to sublimation as a mainspring of
      civilization. Also Kraus' critique of the inferiority complex is delved into.
      Concluding, we touch upon attempts at interpreting Kraus' work and personality
      from a psychoanalytical standpoint. Here the term 'narcissistic personality' is
      discussed.

PMID- 383398
TI  - Selective treatment of burn patients. Two year experience of the Burn Service at
      Hartford Hospital.

PMID- 383400
TI  - Neural and chemical control of abomasal secretion in sheep.
AB  - Abomasal secretion has been collected from Grosskopftype pouches prepared in five
      adult Karrakul ewes. Feeding caused a marked increase in volume, acidity and
      pepsin activity, whereas these factors were reduced by starvation. Both insulin
      induced hypoglycaemia and electrical stimulation of the vagal nerve supply to the
      pouch increased the volume, total acid and pepsin secretion. It is concluded that
      vagal activity is an important factor in the control of abomasal secretion in
      sheep.

PMID- 383401
TI  - Ventilator modifications for intermittent mandatory ventilation.
AB  - A Loosko MK2 ventilator has been modified to provide IMV in newborns. IMV rate
      can be varied from 3-60/min. The minimum inspiration period can be theoretically
      as low as 0.1 sec. This modification in neonatal mechanical ventilation has been
      shown to be economically feasible.

PMID- 383399
TI  - Bacterial infection in relation to pain and irregular bleeding in women using
      IUD.
AB  - Pain and metrorrhagia in women using IUDs are often the reason for removing the
      IUD. In 54 women where the IUD was removed, uterine fluid for bacteriologic
      cultures was taken from the removed IUD. There was a correlation between positive
      cultures and symptoms of pain and metrorrhagia. Spotty bleeding caused by
      microtraumata and increased fibrinolytic activity of the IUD might thus consitute
      a substrate for bacterial invasion resulting in endometritis and in turn
      increased bleeding and pain. In 18 male consorts of females with positive
      cultures, asymptomatic bacteriospermia was found. Treatment offered alleviated
      symptoms. Removal of the IUD need thus not be necessary.

PMID- 383402
TI  - Cardiac blood pool imaging: a review.
AB  - The field of cardiac blood pool imaging has been reviewed. The radioisotopes and
      radiopharmaceuticals used for this purpose have been discussed. Data related to
      the radiation exposure from these agents were presented and compared with the
      radiation exposure of a conventional contrast angiogram. Application of cardiac
      blood pool imaging to the qualitative evaluation of pericardial effusions,
      cogenital heart disease, acquired heart disease, and cardiac shunts have been
      discussed. Quantitative methods for measuring cardiac output, stroke volume, left
      ventricle ejection fraction, left ventricle end-diastolic volume, percent mitral
      valve regurgitation, and Qp:Qs flow ratios in both right-to-left and left-to
      right shunts were presented in detail. Where possible, correlation with contrast
      angiographic findings was given. Newly developed techniques of ECG gating of
      cardiac images were also described in detail. This description has included
      applications of these techniques for evaluation of regions of myocardial
      dyskinesis and to quantitation of left ventricle diastolic volume, ejection
      fraction, time between ejection onset and peak systolic flow, ejection duration,
      and peak circumferential fiber shortening. Once again, these were correlated with
      contrast angiography where possible. It is concluded that cardiac blood pool
      imaging is a useful procedure capable of yielding good qualitative and
      quantitative results in a wide variety of clinical cardiac diseases and that
      these results compare favorably with those obtained by contrast angiography.
      Although there are limitations in the present techniques, solutions to at least
      some of these limitations are possible. Because of its simplicity, safety, and
      low cost relative to cardiac catheterization, more widespread use of these
      procedures is urged.

PMID- 383403
TI  - The differential diagnosis of the unilateral small kidney.
AB  - Although it is frequently possible to determine the cause of an unilateral small
      kidney, there are cases where the renal damage is so advanced, or the
      interference to growth and maturation so extensive, that the etiology cannot be
      established. High-dose urography with tomography during the nephrographic phase
      are required for a confident diagnosis. Ureteral compression should be used to
      improve calyceal visualization. This technique can be adapted for children.
      Complementary diagnostic procedures are often needed, both in adults and in
      children. We cannot emphasize enough the need for clinical correlation and
      comparision with previous examinations.

PMID- 383404
TI  - Current status of mammography.
AB  - Great progress has been made in recent years in the diagnosis and treatment of
      breast cancer; however, breast cancer continues to be the most common and lethal
      cancer in women today. Early diagnosis is essential in order for treatment to be
      given before the tumor spreads beyond the breast. The radiation risks of
      mammography have been greatly reduced with the use of newer low-dose techniques,
      and the benefits of mammography have increased because of a better understanding
      of the natural history of breast cancer, as well as improved methods of
      treatment. Radiologists must continue to take an active role in the early
      diagnosis of breast cancer. Continued research is needed in order to improve
      screening methods and to develop newer, noninvasive techniques.

PMID- 383405
TI  - The characterization and functional significance of plasma membrane Fc Receptors.
AB  - The importance of various components of the plasma membrane in the generation of
      the immune response has long been recognized. The identification and
      characterization of functional membrane receptors are essential for an
      understanding of the molecular basis of the immune response. The Fc receptor can
      be operationally defined as a site on the plasma membrane which is capable of
      binding the Fc portion of IgG. The Fc receptor has been reported on both lymphoid
      and nonlymphoid cell types. The functional significance of the receptor on these
      cell populations, as well as the biochemistry of the receptor, is not well
      established and is currently an important area of investigation. In this review,
      the Fc receptor will be discussed, primarily in human and murine lymphoid and
      macrophage cell populations, as a model of membrane immunoreceptors. The review
      will be divided into four sections. In the first section, consideration will be
      given to the binding assays used to study Fc receptor-ligand interactions and the
      class and subclass specificity of the receptor. The possibility of receptor
      receptor interaction and quantitation of receptor sites will be discussed. The
      second phase of the review will be concerned with the fractionation and
      biochemistry of this receptor system, emphasizing the differences reported in
      receptor composition from different cell sources. In the third section of the
      review, the biologic significance of the receptor will be examined. The
      importance of the Fc receptor in opsonization and phagocytosis by mononuclear
      phagogytes, B-cell activation, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity, and the
      possible relationship of Fc receptors to the histocompatibility-linked immune
      response genes will be discussed. Finally, in the fourth section, the possible
      mechanisms of receptor regulation will be considered. Cell fusion experiments
      which have been performed and the expression of receptor activity on the hybrid
      cell clones will be discussed. Receptor regulation at the physiologic level will
      include the effects of cyclic nucleotide levels and cell cycle on receptor
      expression. It is the intent of this review to provide a detailed analysis of the
      Fc receptor and to emphasize its importance in microbiology, cell biology, and
      immunology.

PMID- 383406
TI  - Cellular antimicrobial immunity.
AB  - Acquired resistance to infectious disease may be expressed by a predominantly
      humoral or a cellular mechanism or, more frequently, by a combination of the two.
      The cellular interactions which are responsible for the induction of the immune
      response in the skin, lung, intestinal mucosa, genitourinary tract, conjunctiva,
      and peritoneal cavity are discussed and the role of living or dead vaccines in
      the induction of acquired resistance is outlined. The host response involves
      three different cell types: the phagocytic cell (polymorphs or macrophages), the
      thymus-dependent (T) lymphocyte, and the thymus-independent (B) lymphocyte-plasma
      cell line. The normal unstimulated phagocytic cell is capable of killing most
      nonpathogenic bacteria that gain entry to the tissues. However, the presence of
      opsonic antibodies and activated macrophages is required to eliminate the
      pathogenic intracellular parasites. Such immunological activation involves the
      presence of sensitized T-lymphocytes in the lesion. The cellular response is also
      characterized by the simultaneous development of a state of delayed-type
      hypersensitivity (DTH), along with the antimicrobial CMI response. A rising
      humoral response normally develops subsequently. Killed bacterial cells (except
      when incorporated into Freund's complete adjuvant) induce the humoral response
      without the CMI reaction so that such vaccines are not able to fully protect the
      host against the naturally acquired disease. With the development of cell
      fractionation methods as well as the identification of distinctive cell surface
      markers, suspensions of B- and T-cells and macrophages can now be prepared for
      use in increasingly sophisticated transfer and reconstitution studies. The role
      of the different cell types in the expression of humoral and cellular immunity
      has been determined, and the effect of various immunopotentiating and
      immunosuppressive regimens on the immune system as a whole has been evaluated
      quantitatively. These studies have led to an appreciation of the role played by
      suppressor B- and T-cells in the interplay of both humoral and cellular
      components of the host defense system during the development of immune tolerance,
      desensitization, anergy, autoimmunity, and the expression of an anamnestic immune
      response following reinfection.

PMID- 383408
TI  - Forty-eight hours hypothermic storage of whole canine pancreas allografts.
      Improved preservation with a colloid hyperosmolar solution.

PMID- 383407
TI  - Importance of anion content and osmolarity in flush solutions for 48 to 72 hr
      hypothermic kidney storage.

PMID- 383409
TI  - The buried horizontal mattress suture.
AB  - The buried horizontal mattress suture (BHMS) is a new tension suture technique
      using synthetic absorbable polyglactin 910 suture. When used in minor surgery of
      the trunk and extremities, this technique eliminates significant suture marking.

PMID- 383410
TI  - Pigmentary correction of piebaldism by autografts. II. Pathomechanism and pigment
      spread in piebaldism.
AB  - Human piebaldism is an expression of neural crest component abnormality that is
      classically inherited dominantly and is probably heterogeneous genetically.
      Though usually a stable cutaneous condition, spontaneous pigmentation in
      hypomelanotic tracts is known. Here, pigmented skin around the axilla was
      transplanted to hypomelanotic areas in two patients with piebaldism. The
      cutaneous autografts, whether full-thickness punch grafts, split-thickness shave
      grafts, or epidermal suction grafts, retained their capacity of pigmentation.
      Moreover, there was spread of pigmentation around the grafts. Strategic placement
      of cutaneous autografts in the most conspicuous hypomelanotic areas of piebald
      persons can improve their appearance.

PMID- 383411
TI  - Intraoral blue nevus--a review.
AB  - The clinical characteristics and appearance of the intraoral blue nevus are
      reviewed herein. The histogenesis, histologic appearance, differential diagnosis,
      and treatment of this uncommon oral lesion are also discussed.

PMID- 383412
TI  - [Prosthetic treatment of preschool children].

PMID- 383413
TI  - [Esthetics and its role in prosthodontics].

PMID- 383414
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the mechanical features of the MIFAM 212 H turbine contra
      angle hand-piece with pneumatic bearing].

PMID- 383415
TI  - [Stomatology in the everyday life of the population of the Free City of Krakow].

PMID- 383416
TI  - Positive end-expiratory pressure is no panacea.

PMID- 383418
TI  - Combined action of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim against clinically-isolated
      sulphonamide-resistant bacteria.
AB  - 42 strains of gram-negative bacteria, isolated from clinical material, resistant
      to trimethoprim (TM), sulphamethoxazole (SMZ) or both, have been tested for
      synergistic sensitivity to TM + SMZ. The combination showed no synergy against
      strains 'highly resistant' to SMZ (MIC greater than 1 mg/ml). Indifference was
      invariably observed. However, synergy was seen with strains 'moderately
      resistant' to SMZ (MIC 100--1,000 microgram/ml). Our results indicate that
      present techniques for the testing of urinary tract isolates for sensitivity to
      co-trimoxazole need revision.

PMID- 383417
TI  - The routine use of positive end-expiratory pressure after open heart surgery.
AB  - Because atelectasis of the left lower lobe is a frequent complication of open
      heart surgery, we evaluated the efficacy of routine therapy with positive end
      expiratory pressure (PEEP) to prevent this complication. Twenty-four patients
      were randomly assigned to either a group receiving therapy with PEEP (ten
      patients) or to a group with no PEEP (14 patients). The two groups could not be
      distinguished by age, weight, the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),
      the ratio of FEV1 over the forced vital capacity, the time on the pump, the units
      of blood transfused, the tidal volume, or the hours of mechanical ventilation.
      There was no significant roentgenographic difference between the two groups in
      either the degree or frequency of left lower lobe atelectasis. While the arterial
      alveolar ratios tended to improve over time in those patients receiving therapy
      with PEEP, this improvement was not clinically significant. No complications were
      encountered with the use of PEEP. We conclude that the routine use of PEEP
      following open heart surgery is safe but offers no advantage over standard
      ventilatory techniques.

PMID- 383419
TI  - Cyclacillin: in vitro activity against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
AB  - Cyclacillin at 50 microgram/ml inhibited streptococci (100%), shigella (72%), and
      Bacteroides (B) fragilis ss fragilis (84%). At 100 microgram/ml it inhibited
      proteus (75%), B. fragilis (86%), and E. coli (50%). Cyclacillin was more
      effective than ampicillin against beta-lactamase-producing H. influenzae. The
      activity of cyclacillin was found to be more enhanced when tested in nutrient
      agar and Mueller-Hinton agar than in brain heart infusion agar.

PMID- 383420
TI  - [Case of congenital pseudoarthrosis of the clavicle with brachial plexus pain].

PMID- 383421
TI  - [In memory of Pasquale del Torto, 1891-1979].

PMID- 383424
TI  - Gene clusters and the HLA system.
AB  - The major human histocompatibility, or HLA system, is now known to include a
      number of closely linked loci controlling cell surface specificities, components
      of the complement system and immune response. Three loci, HLA-A, B and C, control
      serological determinants found on nearly all cells; a fourth locus, HLA-D, codes
      for determinants controlling the mixed lymphocyte culture reaction that are
      present only on B lymphocytes and monocytes. The products of the HLA-A, B and C
      loci are very similar to each other, as expected if they have arisen by
      duplication from a common ancestor. The HLA-D products however, show no homology
      with these and each in turn is different from the complement components (C2, C4
      and Bf) coded for in the HLA region. If this complex genetic region has arisen by
      a series of duplications, one must explain how four different structural gene
      products can arise from a single duplicated nucleic acid sequence. Different
      proteins could be translated from the same nucleotide sequence through the use
      either of different reading frames or of different, not necessarily adjacent,
      parts of a sequence in different combinations. It seems likely that the general
      organization of the genetic material of higher organisms is into clusters of
      duplicated genes like the HLA region and that the numbers of such clusters,
      rather than the number of individual genes, reflects the genetic complexity of
      higher organisms.

PMID- 383422
TI  - [In memory of Pasquale del Torto, 1891-1979].

PMID- 383423
TI  - Glutathione peroxidase: fact and fiction.
AB  - The present knowledge of glutathione (GSH) peroxidase is briefly reviewed: GSH
      peroxidase has a molecular weight of about 85,000, consists of four apparently
      identical subunits and contains four g atom of selenium/mol. The enzyme-bound
      selenium can undergo a substrate-induced redox change and is obviously essential
      for activity. In accordance with the assumption that a selenol group is
      reversibly oxidized during catalysis, ping-pong kinetics are observed. Limiting
      maximum velocities and Michaelis constants, indicating the formation of an enzyme
      substrate complex, are not detectable. The enzyme is highly specific for GSH but
      reacts with many hydroperoxides. It can be deduced from the kinetic analysis of
      GSH peroxidase that in physiological conditions removal of hydroperoxide is
      largely independent of fluctuations in the cellular concentration of GSH.
      However, the system will abruptly collapse if the rate of hydroperoxide formation
      exceeds that of regeneration of GSH. By these considerations, the
      pathophysiological manifestation of disorders in GSH metabolism and pentose
      phosphate shunt may be explained. With regard to its low specificity for
      hydroperoxides, GSH peroxidase could be involved in various metabolic events such
      as H2O2 removal in compartments low in catalase, hydroperoxide-mediated
      mutagenesis, protection of unsaturated lipids in biomembranes, prostaglandin
      biosynthesis, and regulation of prostacyclin formation.

PMID- 383425
TI  - The use of drugs in renal failure.

PMID- 383426
TI  - Advances and disappointments, indications and restrictions regarding HLA-matched
      corneal grafts in high risk cases.
AB  - 54 corneas, 49 high risk cases and 5 low risk cases, were grafted with HLA
      matched donor material. The importance of antigen compatibility especially in
      high risk cases is demonstrated. The percentage of irreversible rejections and
      reversible rejections in this group is markedly smaller as compared with our own
      "at random" material and the "at random" material of other authors. The follow-up
      period is 3--21 months.

PMID- 383427
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of complications in the follow-up period after corneal
      transplantation.
AB  - Corneal transplantations are usually performed in Eye Clinics. The patient's own
      ophthalmologist usually performs the follow-up examinations because the patients
      often live a long way from the Clinic. It is very important that these
      ophthalmologists can diagnose the complications which may occur in the follow-up
      period and know how to treat them. The complications considered are: glaucoma,
      marginal infiltrations, epithelial defects suture infections, wound dehiscence,
      disturbances of the tear-film and recurrent herpes. Special mention is made of
      the rejection reaction. This has been recognized for a long time and has received
      increasing attention in recent years. Both local and general noxae can act as
      trigger and set off a rejection reaction. Epithelial, endothelial and uveal forms
      of rejection reaction are recognized. The sooner the immune reaction is
      recognized and the correct therapy started, the greater the change that graft
      will become clear again.

PMID- 383429
TI  - [Effect of oleic acid on the physico-chemical properties of ribosomes].

PMID- 383428
TI  - [Glucose repression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts. Morphologic and
      cytochemical studies].

PMID- 383430
TI  - [Cloning of the 4--5S RNA genes of bacteriophage T5 in E. coli].

PMID- 383431
TI  - [Role of p-aminobenzoic acid in repairing damage caused by UV and gamma
      radiation].

PMID- 383432
TI  - [Synthesis of photoaffinity reagents octadesoxyribonucleotide derived of the
      complementary portion of the 3'-terminal fragment of 16S rRNA of Escherichia coli
      ribosomes].

PMID- 383434
TI  - [Full sequence of the nucleotides of the spacer region located between the genes
      for yeast 18S and 5.8S RNA].

PMID- 383433
TI  - [Comparative analysis of the secondary structures of the high molecular weight
      large subparticle RNA of bacterial, fish, bird, and mammalian ribosomes].

PMID- 383435
TI  - [Induction of reversible differential decondensation of mitotic chromosomes using
      hypotonic solutions].

PMID- 383436
TI  - [Contact eczema caused by 1,4-bis-chloromethylbenzene].
AB  - Approximately 3 days of contact to 1,4-bis-chloromethylbenzene of a 24-year old
      chemistry student led to a bullous contact eczema within approx. 10 days. Patch
      tests with the substance proved definitely positive. A weak reaction also
      occurred with 1,4-bis-mercaptomethylbenzene, for the synthesis of which the
      chloromethyl derivative had been synthesized.

PMID- 383437
TI  - [A prospective multi-centre study of the response of metastatic gastrointestinal
      tumours (author's transl)].
AB  - In a prospective, multi-centre, randomized study of 109 patients with metastatic
      gastro-intestinal adenocarcinomas the response rate, survival time and side
      effects of two drug combinations, carmustin +5-fluorouracil and carmustin +
      ftorafur, were compared (same carmustin dosage in both groups). Response to the
      treatment was 32.7% in those receiving carmustin +5-fluorouracil, 26.3% in those
      on carmustin + ftorafur. This difference occurred among the 42 patients with
      gastric adenocarcinoma (33.3% compared with 25%), as well as in 11 with
      pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and in 56 with colorectal adenocarcinoma (32.1% and
      28.6%). Median survival time for 5-fluorouracil + carmustin was 330 days, double
      that for ftorafur + carmustin (163 days). Bone-marrow toxicity (leukopenia,
      thrombopenia) was below 10% for both drug combinations. Alopecia occurred in only
      a few patients. Gastro-intestinal toxicity was common (20% and 18.5%,
      respectively), but there was no difference between the two groups. The somewhat
      lower effectiveness of ftorafur compared with 5-fluorouracil was probably due to
      the deliberately smaller dosage of the former.

PMID- 383438
TI  - [Purulent meningitis. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 383439
TI  - [In memoriam Ernst Derra].

PMID- 383440
TI  - [Chronic hepatitis and immune stimulation].

PMID- 383441
TI  - [Acute myeloic leukemia in adult age. Significance and results of remission
      preserving therapy].

PMID- 383442
TI  - [Hans Herbert Waelsch 18.4-1909 - 22.12.1978].

PMID- 383443
TI  - [Gastrointestinal effects of prostacycline (PG I 2). Experimental findings and
      possible therapeutic significance].

PMID- 383444
TI  - [Fate of the premature infant].

PMID- 383445
TI  - [Isolation of Haemophilus equigenitalis from the cervical swab of a halfbred mare
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 383447
TI  - [Kind and composition of air pollutions in animal housing and their effects in
      the environment (author's transl)].

PMID- 383446
TI  - [Measuring of boar sperm density by electronic counting (author's transl)].

PMID- 383448
TI  - [Mineral contents in fetal and maternal bovine blood-serum during the second half
      of pregnancy (author's transl)].

PMID- 383449
TI  - [Experiences with contagious equine metritis (CEM 77) (author's transl)].

PMID- 383450
TI  - [Subfascial cyst formation at the udder of a pregnant cow. (Clinical brief
      communication)].

PMID- 383451
TI  - [Waiting periods versus drug safety? Opinion on a publication by HJ Hapke].

PMID- 383452
TI  - [Abnormalities of the mouth cavity in the calf].

PMID- 383453
TI  - [Drug interactions with antimicrobial substances].

PMID- 383454
TI  - [Varroatosis of the honey bee].

PMID- 383455
TI  - [Epidemiology and diagnosis of listeriosis].

PMID- 383457
TI  - [Bacteriological findings in granivorous birds (author's transl)].

PMID- 383456
TI  - [Mineral contents of the bovine allantoic and amniotic fluids during the second
      half of pregnancy (author's transl)].

PMID- 383458
TI  - [Do pigeons play a part in human infections with Salmonella typhimurium var.
      Copenhagen (author's transl)].

PMID- 383459
TI  - [Progesterone levels in mares' blood serum after intracervical electrostimulation
      during cyclic and prolonged corpus luteum periods (author's transl)].

PMID- 383460
TI  - [A find from the Rutuler region].

PMID- 383461
TI  - [A new method of blood sampling in swine. (Brief communication)].

PMID- 383462
TI  - [Immunization against Aujeszky's disease (AK) using inactive vaccines].

PMID- 383463
TI  - [Antenatal diagnosis of congenital anomalies by ultrasonics].

PMID- 383464
TI  - [The use of organic bone matrix as material for direct pulp capping].
AB  - The effect of bone matrix soaked in thyrocalcitonin on vitally amputated pulp was
      studied in beagle dogs with light and electron microscopy. All treated teeth were
      vital after eight weeks; the area of implantation was densely populated with
      cells. Formation of hard tissue differing from normal dentinogenesis had begun.

PMID- 383466
TI  - Developmental loss of the acute inhibitory effect of melatonin on the in vitro
      pituitary luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responses to
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.

PMID- 383465
TI  - [Visual tracking disorders in schizophrenia. Review of the literature and
      methodological considerations].
AB  - Since Holzman expressed the hypothesis that eye-tracking dysfunctions might be a
      genetic indicator of schizophrenia, the researches on the performances of
      schizophrenics in eye-tacking tasks have been numerous. The correlation between
      the results of all these researches leaves little doubt on the existence of eye
      tacking dysfunctions in schizophrenics. But these distrubances must be precised.
      Up to now, the studies have used tests that were too complex in their
      interpretation (pendulum test) and they have been limited to a global
      appreciation of eye-tacking. To take into account the psychological parameters
      that may interfere with success in this type of tests, the coming researches
      should focus on elementary eye-motor activities.

PMID- 383467
TI  - Biphasic insulin release in rat islets of Langerhans and the role of
      Intracellular Ca++ stores.

PMID- 383468
TI  - Immunohistochemical visualizations of prolactin, growth hormone, and a substance
      resembling placental lactogen in the in situ and ectopic pituitary in the
      hamster.
AB  - The effects of transplanting neonatal adenohypophyseal tissue into the hamster
      cheek pouch on the presence of intracellular materials related to PRL in the
      allografts were examined using immunohistochemistry. In situ pituitary and
      placental tissue were used as control. Cells with antirat PRL-reactive sites were
      scarce in the grafts, and radioimmunoassayable serum PRL was not detectable in
      hypophysectomized hosts with grafts. Antirat GH- and antihuman placental lactogen
      (hPL)-reactive sites were visualized in the grafts and in situ pituitary tissue.
      Intracellular material in hamster placental tissue was visualized with anti-hPL
      only. Results of various immunohistochemical procedures using in situ pituitary
      tissue and antirat GH and anti-hPL antisera indicated that three cell types could
      exist: 1) a cell type visualized with only antirat GH, 2) a cell type visualized
      with only anti-hPL, and 3) a cell type, the most frequently observed, visualized
      with both antisera. The physiological significance of this intracellular product,
      which resembles hPL and perhaps hamster PL immunologically, in hamster
      adenohypophyseal cells is unknown. Additionally, our data indicate that the
      ectopic site for pituitary transplantation in the hamster may influence the cell
      types present in the grafts.

PMID- 383469
TI  - Effects of lesions in the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis on the
      hypothalamic distribution of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and
      gonadotropin secretion in the ovariectomized rat.

PMID- 383470
TI  - Cholinergic and alpha-adrenergic stimulation of prostaglandin release by dog
      thyroid in vitro.
AB  - Dog thyroid slices released in their incubation medium prostaglandins E2 (PGE2),
      F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-F2 alpha, and thromboxane B2 (TxB2),
      as measured by direct RIA. This release could be inhibited by indomethacin and
      naproxen, indicating that it corresponded to a neosynthesis. Carbamylcholine (2-
      100 microns) stimulated the release of PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and TxB2, whereas
      epinephrine (20 microns to 1 nM) enhanced the release of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha but
      had no effect on TxB2. These stimulations were inhibited by atropine and
      dihydroergocryptine, respectively, suggesting that a muscarinic and an alpha
      adrenergic receptor were involved. The ionophore A23187 reproduced these
      stimulations, and the stimulatory effects of carbamylcholine and epinephrine were
      inhibited in the absence of exogenous Ca++ and after EGTA depletion. Ca++ thus
      appears as a major regulator of PG production in the thyroid. TSH (0.06--10
      MU/ml) and dibutyryl cAMP had no effect on the release of PGE2, PGF2 alpha, or
      TxB2 by dog thyroid in vitro.

PMID- 383471
TI  - Inhibition by iodide of the cholinergic stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis in
      dog thyroid.
AB  - Iodide is shown to inhibit the cholinergic stimulation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)
      and F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) synthesis in dog thyroid slices. The inibitory effect
      of iodide was already detectable at 1 micron and reached its maximal level at 10
      microns. At this concentration, iodide inhibited the carbamylcholine-stimulated
      release of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha by 59% and 73%, respectively (eight experiments).
      The effect of iodide was neither immediate nor rapidly reversed after a change of
      incubation medium. The unstimulated release of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha and the
      stimulation by epinephrine and ionophore A23187 were not modified by iodide in
      concentrations up to 0.1 mM. The effect of iodide was suppressed in the presence
      of methimazole (0.1 mM) but not NaClO4 (2 mM). Iodid (0.1 mM) did not inhibit the
      stimulation by carbamylcholine of PGF2 alpha and PGE2 release by rat pancreas in
      vitro. These data demonstrate a new action of iodide on the thyroid and establish
      a link among iodide metabolism, PG synthesis, and cholinergic action in the dog
      thyroid.

PMID- 383472
TI  - Immunohistochemical interaction on antisera to HCG and its subunits with
      chorionic tissue of early gestation.
AB  - Immunohistochemical localization of hCG and its subunits in chorionic tissue of
      early gestation was carried out. Antibodies to purified hCG and its subunits were
      obtained by using these agents for immunization according to the small doses
      method. The antibody titers and specificities were examined by B/T and standard
      curves in homologous radioimmunoassay system. The tissue preparations were
      stained both by a direct and by an indirect method utilizing these antisera and
      observing the specimens under a fluorescent microscope. The results were as
      follows. 1) With the anti-hCG staining, fluorescence was observed in the
      syncytiotrophoblasts as reported previously while the cytotrophoblast were
      stained slightly. 2) with the anti-hCG-beta staining, the fluorescence was almost
      identical with that of hCG and showed a more distinct pattern. 3) with the anti
      hCG-alpha staining, the fluorescence was found both in the syncytio- and
      cytotrophoblasts concurrently. Fluorescence of the latter cells was recognized as
      due to free alpha-subunit because cytotrophoblast was scarcely stained with anti
      hCG and anti-hCG-beta.

PMID- 383473
TI  - A genetically diabetic model "KK-CAy mice" for a pharmacological assay.
AB  - A genetically diabetic model, KK-CAy mice which were bred by mating female KK
      mice (aa, BB, cc) with male KK-CAy mice (Aya, BB, CC) was studied on the
      usefulness as a tool for a pharmacological assay. Body weights of KK-CAy mice
      increased more rapidly than those of control mice, KK-C. When the body weights of
      male KK-CAy mice reached about 30 g 10 weeks after birth, their blood glucose
      levels increased. Severe hyperglycemia (over 300 mg/100 ml) was often observed in
      the males, but not in the females. Glucose tolerance in the KK-CAy mice was more
      markedly impaired than that in the control mice. The increase in blood FFA level
      correlated with the increase in body weight on both KK-CAy mice and the controls.
      On hyperinsulinemia observed, the ratio of plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI)
      level to blood glucose level in the male mice was lower than that seen in the
      female mice. On hyperglucagonemia observed, elevation of plasma immunoreactive
      glucagon (IRG) was more remarkable in the males than in the females.
      Morphological study showed insular degranulation only in the males. Since the
      dose-dependent insulin-induced falling was observed on blood glucose level in
      nonfasted KK-CAy mice, they could be used as a feasible tool for an assay of
      antidiabetic drugs.

PMID- 383474
TI  - Alloxan inhibits glucose oxidation in the pancreatic islets.
AB  - The effects of alloxan on glucose oxidation and the protection by anomers of D
      glucose from alloxan inhibition of glucose oxidation in the pancreatic islets
      were investigated using in vitro incubation of rat isolated islets. The
      pretreatment by alloxan (5-30 mg/dl) for 6 minutes inhibits significantly 14CO2
      formation from 14C-U-D-glucose (10 mM) and the addition of alpha-anomer of D
      glucose (8.3 mM) to alloxan (20 mg/dl) completely reverses alloxan inhibition of
      glucose oxidation. These findings seem to be incompatible with the recent view
      that alloxan acts at the glucose receptor on the plasma membrane of pancreatic
      beta-cells without affecting glucose metabolism in the pancreatic islets.

PMID- 383475
TI  - Effects of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor, SQ 14225, in nomal men.
AB  - Effects of an orally active angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor, SQ 14225,
      on the actions of angiotensin I (AI) infused intravenously for 120 to 390 min
      were studied in 5 normal men. When 20 ng/kg/min of AI infusion was started
      immediately after a single oral administration of 100 mg of SQ 14225, a
      significant rise in blood pressure (BP) was observed for the first 15 min, but BP
      began to fall from 17 min and returned to the pretreatment level at 45 min. This
      BP level continued at least to 120 min and in one subject to 180 min. In this
      subject BP began to rise again from 185 min and reached the level of 15 min at
      390 min. Plasma AI level increased gradually from 45 min. At 15 min plasma renin
      activity (PRA) decreased and plasma aldosterone (PA) increased, but then PRA
      began to increase and PA began to decrease. At 120 min the values of PRA and PA
      were similar to the pretreatment values. In one subject plasma AI and PRA began
      to decrease and PA began to increase after 120 or 180 min. On the other hand, in
      the 5 men sole AI infusion caused a continued BP rise, PRA decrease and PA
      increase, and sole SQ 14225 administration caused increases in plasma AI and PRA
      and a decrease in PA but no BP change. From these results it was concluded that
      complete blockade and partial inhibition of AI conversion by 100 mg of oral SQ
      14225 lasted for about 2.5 and 6.5 hr, respectively and that BP rise, PRA
      suppression and aldosterone stimulation after AI infusion were entirely due to
      the actions of angiotensin II converted from AI.

PMID- 383476
TI  - Antiepileptic properties of clobazam, a 1-5 benzodiazepine, in man.
AB  - Clobazam is a benzodiazepine with special molecular structure (its nitrogen
      radicals are in positions 1 and 5, rather than 1 and 4 as in all other
      antiepileptic benzodiazepines), and it is rapidly effective--in a matter of hours
      or within a few days--against all varieties of epileptic seizures in 52% of
      subjects treated with it. Its effects are relatively mild. Unfortunately, its
      outstanding antiepileptic properties are exhausted after only a few weeks in one
      third of all cases. The authors discuss the potential significance of this
      phenomenon, and stress the urgent need for intensive study of the basic mechanism
      governing exhaustion of the antiepileptic properties of the benzodiazepines in
      general and clobazam in particular.

PMID- 383477
TI  - Possible modification of scar tissue by biochemical methods.
AB  - This paper reviews some of the biochemical modifications involved in fibrous
      tissue formation and discusses possible ways of controlling fibrosis in clinical
      conditions. The lathyritic agents, beta-aminoproprionitrile (BAPN) and
      penicillamine, appear in certain situations to be able to control fibrosis by
      blocking the biosynthesis of collagen. There are no compounds that are yet known
      which are capable of reversing pre-existing fibrosis and future research may
      perhaps be more profitably directed towards the stimulation of collagen
      catabolism rather than the inhibition of its synthesis.

PMID- 383479
TI  - The mechanics of wound healing.
AB  - This paper discusses the factors which affect the healing of wounds at the tissue
      and organ levels. It covers some of the problems which complicate the sequence of
      healing and considers the mechanisms involved in regeneration and repair of
      tissues. The factors associated with the stimulus and sequence of healing and
      their interactions are also reviewed.

PMID- 383478
TI  - Fixation of skin grafts in the horse using stainless steel staples.
AB  - Three horses with a chronic wound on the distal part of a leg were treated
      successfully by grafting. Small split skin grafts were fixed onto pieces of
      adhesive tape. The tape pieces were spread over and fixed to the granulation
      surface with stainless steel staples. A tight pressure bandage including strongly
      compressed cellular rubber was then applied over the wound. The combination of
      staple fixation and strong pressure proved effective in immobilising the skin
      graft. It was stressed that a firm covering of granulation tissue was a
      prerequisite for success and therefore the technique should not be used for fresh
      wounds.

PMID- 383480
TI  - Collagen in normal and abnormal tissues.
AB  - Despite being a very widespread protein, collagen is an unusual molecule
      possessing a great tensile strength conferred by a rope-like structure and
      intermolecular crosslinks. Our current knowledge of the biosynthesis of collagen
      is providing some insights into certain diseases of connective tissue and is also
      helping us to understand the healing processes of wounds and diseased tissues.

PMID- 383481
TI  - Outer membrane proteins of smooth and rough strains of Proteus mirabilis.
AB  - The outer membranes of the smooth Proteus mirabilis S1959 strain and its rough
      R13, R110, R51 and R45 mutants were isolated by sonication of the cells and
      sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The outer membrane of the rough strains
      had a lower density than that of their parent smooth strain, but the protein-to
      phospholipid ratios were the same. The electrophoretic patterns of outer membrane
      polypeptides of the S and R strains in sodium dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gels
      were identical, with two major polypeptide bands, C1 and C2 (Mr 39,000 and
      38,000) predominating. The C1 polypeptide band was a heat-modifiable polypeptide,
      which migrated as a band at Mr 33,000 when membranes were solubilized at 37
      degrees C or 50 degrees C, and at Mr 39,000 when solubilization was at 100
      degrees C. Susceptibility of outer membrane polypeptides to proteolytic digestion
      was found to be higher in isolated outer membrane preparations of the rough
      strains than in the smooth strain, suggesting that the availability of the
      polypeptide chains to proteolytic activity depends on the length of the
      polysaccharide chains of the outer membrane lipopolysaccharide.

PMID- 383482
TI  - External and internal forms of yeast aminopeptidase II.
AB  - 1. Intact cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae catalyze the hydrolysis of various
      aminopeptidase substrates. This activity is not due to permeation of substrates
      and products but exerted by an external enzyme. 2. From its substrate specificity
      and the effects of pH and inhibitors the enzyme was identified as aminopeptidase
      II. 3. About 40% of total aminopeptidase II activity is detectable with untreated
      exponentially growing cells. Up to two thirds of the external enzyme is released
      into the medium during enzymic digestion of the cell wall, while little enzyme is
      liberated by osmotic shock. Membrane preparations contained only small amounts of
      aminopeptidase II; thus, the localization of the external enzyme appears to be
      similar to that of the so-called 'periplasmic' yeast hydrolases. 4. By
      cytochemical methods the presence of aminopeptidase II in the cell envelope was
      visualized. 5. In contrast to aminopeptidase II, yeast dipeptidase is an entirely
      intracellular enzyme.

PMID- 383483
TI  - Peptide bond formation stimulated by protein synthesis factor EF-P depends on the
      aminoacyl moiety of the acceptor.
AB  - Elongation factor EF-P is a soluble protein that stimulates peptide bond
      synthesis catalyzed by the 50-S ribosomal subunit. This factor was previously
      identified and characterized based on its ability to promote the synthesis of
      formylmethionine-puromycin. In the present work, we tested the ability of EF-P to
      promote peptide bond synthesis between ribosome-bound fMet-tRNA and several
      analogues of the 3' terminus of aminoacyl-tRNA, i.e. the cytidylyl(3'-5')-[2'(3')
      O-L-aminoacyladenosines]. EF-P promoted synthesis to the greatest extent with
      certain acceptors which were otherwise inefficient in the peptidyl transferase
      reaction. This activity of EF-P could not be replaced by the other soluble
      proteins known to be involved in polypeptide synthesis, such as EF-Tu, EF-Ts and
      EF-G. One role of EF-P in protein synthesis may be to allow peptide bond
      synthesis to occur more efficiently with some aminoacyl-tRNAs that are poor
      acceptors for the ribosomal peptidyl transferase.

PMID- 383484
TI  - Effect of high-dose prednisone on renal hemodynamics of normal and transplanted
      dog kidneys.
AB  - The effect of prednisone therapy on renal hemodynamics was studied in normal,
      autotransplanted as well as homotransplanted dog kidneys. After intravenous
      administration of prednisone (8 and 16 mg/kg/min) the total blood flow decreased
      and vascular resistance increased significantly. This effect was more pronounced
      if the drug was directly injected into the arteria renalis. The same changes were
      observed in autotransplanted and homotransplanted kidneys and in kidneys in
      rejection. Our results suggest that high dosage of prednisone decreases the renal
      blood flow and this adverse effect has to be considered in the therapy. The
      administration of the drug directly into the arteria renalis may have to be
      avoided.

PMID- 383485
TI  - [Collection of references on laboratory animals (author's transl)].

PMID- 383487
TI  - Plasmodium berghei: uptake of clindamycin and its metabolites by mouse
      erythrocytes with clindamycin-sensitive and clindamycin-resistant parasites.

PMID- 383486
TI  - Hematopoiesis of hereditarily asplenic-athymic (lasat) mice.
AB  - The hematopoiesis of athymic-asplenic (lasat) mice was compared with that of
      normal, asplenic, and athymic littermates with the same strain background.
      Erythrocyte blood volume, number and survival time were normal when related to
      the body weight of the animals. Peripheral blood showed leukopenia with absolute
      and relative lymphopenia, resembling the athymic rather than the asplenic
      pattern. The bone marrow was hypocellular as a consequence of a decrease in both
      lymphocytes and erythroid precursors, while thrombocytopoiesis and
      granulcytopoiesis-monocytopoiesis were essentially normal. Although the
      percentile value of femoral stem cells was high, their absolute number was, in
      fact, reduced by 35% as a result of the bone marrow hypocellularity. When lasat
      bone marrow cells were injected into normal, lethally irradiated mice, a rapid
      erythropoietic recovery was observed, whereas the restoration of the granlocytic
      compartment was impaired. It was concluded that: 1) lasat mice depict a normal
      hematopoiesis in spite of the congenital absence of the thymus and the spleen; 2)
      bone marrow stem cells may be defective when administered to lethally irradiated
      hosts; and 3) the athymic status predominates over the asplenic one.

PMID- 383488
TI  - Plasmodium falciparum: loss of knobs on the infected erythrocyte surface after
      long-term cultivation.

PMID- 383489
TI  - Trypanosoma brucei: loss of variable antigens during transformation from
      bloodstream to procyclic forms in vitro.

PMID- 383490
TI  - Post-capillary venules of the mouse lymphatic tissues with special reference to
      the distribution of their endothelial IgG.
AB  - Post-capillary venules (PCV) of the lymph nodes and Peyer's patches were studied
      in frozen sections stained with an indirect immunoperoxidase technique to
      demonstrate their endothelium-associated IgG in DBA/2 mice rendered T-lymphocyte
      depleted with anti-theta- and anti-thymus-globulins. Three types of IgG
      distribution (luminal, intraendothelial and basement membrane, types I, II and
      III, respectively), each confined to one of the three PCV grades (graded on the
      basis of the endothelial cell height), could be distinguished. The PCV grades, on
      the other hand, were closely correlated with the degree of T-lymphocyte
      depletion. The significance of this intimate relationship between the IgG
      distribution pattern and the PVC grades was discussed in regard to the T
      lymphocyte recirculation. A hypothesis was presented describing the presumed
      sequence of events involved in the passage of T-lymphocytes through the
      endothelium of the PCV which is the crucial step in their recirculation from
      blood of the lymphatic tissue.

PMID- 383491
TI  - A morphological study in germfree mice (Salmonella infection).
AB  - The morphological manifestation of the intestinal infections of Salmonella
      typhimurium by the intestine rolled method in both conventional DKI and germfree
      mice have been investigated in our laboratory. In the conventional mice, the
      morphological manifestation of intestinal infection shows no difference from the
      general features of infection, while in the germfree mice, the manifestation is
      characterized by the so-called non-reactive necrotizing enteritis without
      cellular reaction. When infection in the germfree mice occurs, some state of
      immunological insufficiency should be taken into consideration. In infections of
      germfree mice it is difficult to consider the immunological or the allergic
      reaction which is expected in the conventional mice. In addition, the direct
      influences of bacteria such as endotoxin must be taken into consideration as
      another possibility, but the very limited localized lesions, as seen in this
      experiment cannot always be suggested to be due to the direct influence of
      bacteria or intoxication. Though there are many problems to be solved in the
      future, we are now able to state a kind of mechanism similar to that of
      Shwartzman's phenomenon cannot be ignored in the infection in newborns or in
      immunologically immature animals.

PMID- 383492
TI  - The effects of short-term exposure to crowding stress on the pancreatic islets
      morphology and glycemia in mice.
AB  - Behavior, pancreatic islets morphology and plasma glucose levels of male mice
      exposed for 2, 4, 24 and 48 hours to crowding stress were investigated. The
      crowding induced an intense turmoil state associated with enhanced irritability
      and aggressiveness among the specimens of all experimental groups. Violent fights
      occurred especially in the first 4--6 hours, generally with the death of 1--2
      individuals from each group. The changes recorded in the pancreatic islets
      affected first (2 hours) exclusively the insulin-producing cells, and in
      subsequent intervals they progressively expanded over all cell types. The changes
      occurred during the experiment in all islet cell types; however the B-cells
      showed by far the most pronounced alterations irrespective of the studied time
      interval. Most changes suggested the stimulation of the entire gland secretory
      activity, but particularly of B-cells, which was also proved by low glycemia
      values recorded at 3 of the 4 crowding time intervals. On the other hand, some
      alterations, occurring first at 24 hours, were regarded as signs of a moderate B
      cells secretory hypoactivity; they may partly support the slight hyperglycemia
      obtained at this time interval. The significance of the above short-term
      observations in the induction of glycoregulation disturbances, diabetes included,
      as well as the presumably mediation role of adrenal-cortex and -medulla hormones
      under stress conditions are discussed and correlated with findings reported in
      literature.

PMID- 383493
TI  - Fluorophores as visualization aides in agar growth media.
AB  - A survey of 26 fluorophores revealed 5 which were non-inhibitory to
      Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and produced low background and high
      colony fluorescence.

PMID- 383495
TI  - Antimicrobial effect of bis-quaternary ammonium salts derived from 1,3
      propanediamine.
AB  - Antimicrobial activity of bis-quaternary ammonium salts derived from 1,3
      propanediamine and 1,3-diamino-2-propanol is described. Effect of the length of
      alkyl chain and the substitution in the connecting chain on this activity was
      studied.

PMID- 383494
TI  - Effects of cortisone and thyroxine on intestinal trehalase activity in infant
      mouse.
AB  - Cortisone acetate (25 microgram/g b.wt/day) administration to 8-day-old suckling
      mice induces a premature increase of trehalase activity along the entire small
      intestine. On the other hand, thyroxine (1 microgram/g b.wt/day) in unable to
      provoke a precocious increase of trehalase activity. Trehalase appears to be the
      only brush border membrane disaccharidase controlled solely by glucocorticoid
      hormones during the postnatal maturation of the intestine.

PMID- 383496
TI  - 80 percent of Americans believe abortion should be legal; 70 percent approve
      Medicaid Funding.

PMID- 383497
TI  - [Use of electrophoresis in pharmaceutical analysis].

PMID- 383498
TI  - [Pharmacotherapy of peptic ulcer].

PMID- 383499
TI  - [Problems of pharmacology in space medicine].

PMID- 383500
TI  - [Methodological problems of studying the pharmacology of the kidneys].

PMID- 383501
TI  - [Centenary of the birth of Academician of Academy of Medical Sciences of the
      USSR, Vladislav Irinarkhovich Svortsov (1879-1979)].

PMID- 383502
TI  - Index of biochemical reviews 1978.

PMID- 383503
TI  - The calcium cycle of mitochondria.

PMID- 383504
TI  - Sodium-dependent calcium uptake in membrane vesicles derived from rat brain
      synaptosomes.

PMID- 383505
TI  - D-Galactose requiring mutants in Aspergillus nidulans lacking phosphoglucomutase.

PMID- 383506
TI  - Roles of gene 45 product into T4 DNA replication and late gene expression of:
      temperature reversibility effect.

PMID- 383507
TI  - Immobilized eukaryotic 5.8 S RNA binds Escherichia coli and rat liver ribosomal
      proteins.

PMID- 383508
TI  - Proton magnetic resonance studies of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S4 and a
      C-terminal fragment of this protein.

PMID- 383509
TI  - Kinetic constants for model substrates of peptidyltransferase donor site of
      Escherichia coli ribosomes.

PMID- 383510
TI  - Subunit exchange in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 383511
TI  - Type III procollagen is the major collageneous component produced by a continuous
      rhabdomyosarcoma cell line.

PMID- 383513
TI  - Lipoprotein changes induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharides in 'non-responder'
      C3H/HeJ mice.

PMID- 383512
TI  - Involvement of microtubule and microfilament system in the GnRH-induced release
      of gonadotropins by rat anterior pituitary cells in culture.

PMID- 383514
TI  - An immunological approach to cell separation of the central nervous system.
AB  - In this paper I review the various steps of development required for an
      immunological approach to cell separation. Key points include choice of brain
      region, isolation procedure, ligand selection, functional assays for separated
      cell population, and selection of separation procedure. I review briefly some
      results we have obtained using cerebellar cell populations isolated from 10-day
      mice.

PMID- 383515
TI  - Analysis of inherited epilepsy using single locus mutations in mice.
AB  - The neurological expression of mutations at defined gene loci in isogenic mice
      provides a singular opportunity to investigate the developmental pathophysiology
      of inherited central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Analysis of the single locus
      mutants that are currently available shows that CNS diseases that include
      spontaneous seizures as symptoms can be inherited as simple recessive traits.
      Mutant gene dose is highly correlated with the spontaneous occurrence of
      seizures. Single gene defects at one of multiple chromosomal loci may give rise
      to similar epileptic patterns. One mutation, tottering (tg, chromosome 8,
      recessive) produces in young mice a focal motor seizure pattern with a
      somatotopic progression, and behavioral absence seizures accompanied by abnormal
      bursts of bilaterally synchronous, spike-wave discharges in the
      electrocorticogram. Spontaneous electrographic and clinical seizures of this
      general pattern bear close resemblance to common forms of human epilepsy. Defined
      alterations in restricted neuronal pathways of the mouse brain produced by single
      locus mutations can be used to infer general principles of inherited
      epileptogenesis, and may provide specific biological test systems for the
      development of more selective chemical antagonists of seizure activity.

PMID- 383516
TI  - Audiogenic seizure susceptible rats.

PMID- 383517
TI  - Pharmacological and biochemical studies in epileptic fowl.

PMID- 383518
TI  - Spontaneous convulsions in beagle dogs.

PMID- 383520
TI  - [Prosthetic management of a palatal defect caused by gunshot injury].

PMID- 383519
TI  - [Splinting and immediate prosthesis after surgical correction of prognathism].

PMID- 383521
TI  - [Construction and repair of partial dentures with precision attachment].

PMID- 383522
TI  - [Prevention of disfigurement after operations on the face. I. Mandibular
      fractures, lip tumors].

PMID- 383523
TI  - [Changes in carbohydrate digestion enzymes and liver glycogen during heat
      adaptation].
AB  - Adult white rats were exposed daily during 30 days to 2-hour heating (40--41
      degrees)--adaptation, and then were transferred to ordinary temperature
      conditions at 25--27 degrees--desadaptation. The initial period of adaptation
      revealed a decrease of the liver glycogen content and a relatively constant level
      of glycemia. A considerable activation of the carbohydrate digestion enzyme
      systems followed this lowering of energy resources. Metabolic regulatory
      mechanisms seem to take part in this activation which plays an adaptive role in
      maintenance of constant glycemia level under these stressful conditions.

PMID- 383525
TI  - Vertical pin splinting process conserves tooth structure.

PMID- 383526
TI  - Combine orthodontic retention and fixed bridgework to help that problem patient.

PMID- 383524
TI  - [The effect of secretin on the exocrine and endocrine pancreas. Part II: Plasma
      insulin and glucagon levels after intravenous secretin or intraduodenal HCl and 1
      phenyl-1-hydroxy-n-pentane (author's transl)].

PMID- 383527
TI  - Porcelain bonding to thin metal foils reduces cracks and flaws.

PMID- 383528
TI  - Achieving denture esthetics: has it become a lost art?

PMID- 383529
TI  - The phagocytosis of Candida albicans blastospores and germ tubes by
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
AB  - This in vitro study investigates the phagocytosis and killing rate of Candida
      albicans blastospores and germ tubes by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Suspensions
      of C. albicans blastospores and germ tubes were incubated for 60 and 150 min with
      a neutrophil suspension. The rate of phagocytosis was found to be 92 +/- 3% for
      blastospores, but only 9.5 +/- 2.5% for germ tubes. The candidacidal activity
      rate was 29 +/- 6% for blastospores, but only 5.5 +/- 1.5% for germ tubes.
      Electronmicroscopically, cytoplasmic and plasma membrane alterations of
      phagocytized yeast cells lying in phagosomes were observed. Short germ tubes
      surrounded by a phagosomal membrane were found in neutrophils. Older, longer germ
      tubes were seen in an extracellular position. Usually, several neutrophils were
      adjacent to these long tubes. Obviously phagocytosis could not take place owing
      to the size of the germ tubes. The findings indicate that the transition of the
      yeast phase to the mycelium phase in a case of Candida infection may be a
      mechanism enabling the parasite to escape phagocytosis by the host.

PMID- 383530
TI  - Circulating antibodies in malignant melanoma patients.
AB  - Sera from 46 patients with malignant melanoma (MM) in different clinical stages
      and from 25 healthy blood donors were studied by an indirect conventional
      immunofluorescent technique (IIT) and by an immunofluorescent complement-fixation
      test (ICFT). No specific and reliable serological reactivity could be
      demonstrated against autologous and homologous MM and other nonmalignant
      pigmented tissues. An increased incidence of diffused antinuclear (ANA; 41%) and
      cytoplasmic epidermal cell autoantibodies (A-CYT; 71%) was observed in the
      patients by IIT. Statistical evaluation of the results gave significant values in
      the chi 2 test in patients for ANA (chi 2 = 5.2061; p less than 0.05) and for A
      CYT (chi 2 = 8.9176; p less than 0.01) versus age-matched controls. Thyroid
      microsomal, gastric parietal cell, smooth muscle and mitochondria autoantibodies
      were, respectively, detected in 4.3, 4.3, 4.3 and 0% of patients' sera.

PMID- 383532
TI  - [Manifestation of a malignant lymphoma of high grade malignancy in the terminal
      stage of mycosis fungoides. Enzyme-cytochemical and immunocytological
      investigations (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on a patient with mycosis fungoides, in whom after a long course the
      disease developed rapidly into a malignant lymphoma of high grade malignancy. The
      diagnosis was confirmed by cytomorphological and enzyme-cytochemical methods
      (demonstration of hydrolytic enzymes in cryostat sections, cutaneous smears and
      cell suspensions extracted from skin lesions), as well as by immunocytological
      methods (differentiation of lymphocyte sub-populations). In the tumour stage of
      mycosis fungoides, a polymorphous infiltrate composed of lymphocytoid and
      monocytoid cells prevailed, while a proliferation of lymphoblastic cells was
      present in the terminal stage of the disease. These cells showed no longer the
      properties of mature lymphocytes and differed also in their enzyme-cytochemical
      pattern.

PMID- 383531
TI  - Lichenoid dermatitis due to chlorpromazine phototoxicity.
AB  - A 75-year-old woman had lichenoid and bullous lesions in the sun-exposed areas.
      She had a history of cerebral embolism and received chlorpromazine (CPZ) until
      consultation at our clinic. Patch tests with CPZ were negative, but photopatch
      tests were positive at relatively high concentrations of CPZ and ultraviolet
      light radiation sites of 310, 340 and 370 nm. Rapid improvement of the lesions
      occurred upon discontinuation of CPZ and the avoidance of exposure to sunlight.
      From these results, the patient was considered to show lichenoid eruptions due to
      CPZ phototoxicity rather than photoallergy.

PMID- 383533
TI  - Immunological and histopathological studies in a case of pyodermia vegetans
      Hallopeau.
AB  - In a case of pyodermia (pemphigus) vegetans Hallopeau, modern investigations were
      performed. Direct immunofluorescent (IF) study of specimens taken from verrucous
      vegetations failed to reveal the presence of IgG deposits in the intercellular
      spaces as well IgA and IgG deposits at the epidermal-dermal junction. Indirect IF
      examination of circulating pemphigus antibodies gave a negative result.
      Histopathological study did not show the presence of acantholysis. The studies
      which were carried out indicated that pemphigus vegetans Hallopeau should not be
      associated with the pemphigus group.

PMID- 383534
TI  - Immunohistochemistry in lichen planus.
AB  - An immunohistochemical study has been undertaken on 25 biopsy specmens taken from
      lichen planus lesions, using antisera against human fibrin, immunoglobulins IgG,
      IgA, IgM and C3 (B1C/B1A) complement component. The findings of the present
      research are discussed and evaluated in relation to the problem of the
      etiopathogenesis of the disease.

PMID- 383535
TI  - Pigment cell biology and its relation to disorders of melanin pigmentation.

PMID- 383536
TI  - Comparison of in vivo and in vitro capability of complement fixation by pemphigus
      antibodies.
AB  - Using complement immunofluorescence, the capability of complement fixation by
      bound antibodies in pemphigus lesional skin was compared with circulating
      intercellular antibodies of complement-fixing type in the same patient. Five
      lesional skin samples from 6 patients, containing bound IgG, gave positive
      binding of complement (C3) supplied from fresh guinea pig serum, while only one
      serum sample showed complement-fixing pemphigus antibodies in the circulation.
      These results support the view that complement-fixing pemphigus antibodies are
      rapidly localized to the skin and play a role on the production of acantholysis.

PMID- 383537
TI  - Bullous lichen ruber in a child.

PMID- 383538
TI  - A comparative synopsis of the structure and function of the blood cells of
      insects and other invertebrates.

PMID- 383540
TI  - [Recent acquisitions in the treatment of vulvo-vaginal mycoses].

PMID- 383539
TI  - The immunology of marine mammals.

PMID- 383541
TI  - Mammalian sperm proacrosin-acrosin system.

PMID- 383542
TI  - A re-examination of purine and pyrimidine synthesis in the three main forms of
      Trypanosoma cruzi.

PMID- 383543
TI  - Calcium-binding proteins and the regulation of contractile activity.

PMID- 383544
TI  - The coupling of electron transfer in nitrogenase to the hydrolysis of magnesium
      adenosine triphosphate.

PMID- 383545
TI  - A mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that possesses unusual ribosomes
      [proceedings].

PMID- 383546
TI  - Specific receptor-mediated proteolytic cleavage in vivo of colicins to cell
      binding and cell-killing peptides: analogies with diphtheria intoxication
      [proceedings].

PMID- 383547
TI  - An homologous region of colicins Ia and A [proceedings].

PMID- 383548
TI  - The topography of the membrane-bound hydrogenase of Escherichia coli explored by
      non-physiological electron acceptors [proceedings].

PMID- 383549
TI  - The relationship between protein breakdown and growth inhibition induced by
      aminoglycoside antibiotics [proceedings].

PMID- 383550
TI  - Degradation of high-molecular-weight complexes of canavanyl-proteins in
      Escherichia coli: inhibition by chloramphenicol [proceedings].

PMID- 383551
TI  - Glycoproteins: a tribute to Albert Neuberger.

PMID- 383552
TI  - Comparative biochemistry of plant glycoproteins.

PMID- 383553
TI  - Controlled clinical trial of a rifampicin- trimethoprim combination (Rifaprim)
      and cotrimoxazole in patients with chronic urinary tract infections.
AB  - A controlled clinical trial of Rifaprim (rifampicin 600 mg plus trimethoprim 160
      mg, in a single daily dose at 10 p.m.) and cotrimoxazole (two tablets b.i.d.) was
      carried out in two groups of twenty-one patients, each with chronic or recurrent
      urinary tract infections. Both treatments lasted 10 days. At the first follow-up,
      3-11 days after the end of treatment, bacteriological failure was observed in two
      Rifaprim patients and in four contrimoxazole patients. Clinical improvement with
      sterile urine or markedly reduced bacterial count was observed in nineteen.
      Rifaprim patients and in fifteen cases of the other group. Mild allergic
      phenomena were observed in three Rifaprim patients, but they did not require
      discontinuation of treatment; anorexia was complained of by a cotrimoxazole
      patient. Rifaprim appears a valuable alternative in the treatment of chronic
      urinary tract infection, mainly because it reduces or abolishes the risk of
      emergence of resistance.

PMID- 383554
TI  - Parenchymal cells purified from Xenopus liver and maintained in primary culture
      synthesize vitellogenin in response to estradiol-17 beta and serum albumin in
      response to dexamethasone.

PMID- 383555
TI  - Effect of norepinephrine on insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin secretion in
      isolated perifused rat islets.
AB  - The rate of insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin secretion was measured from
      isolated rat islets maintained in a perifusion system. The effect of
      norepinephrine (NE) was simultaneously determined on the release rate of all
      three hormones. Norepinephrine was employed at an acute dose of 10 micrometers
      and in graded doses from 1 nM to 10 micrometers in the presence of high (22 mM)
      and low (1.4 mM) glucose conditions, insulin secretion was maximally inhibited at
      10 micrometers NE concentration and was significantly depressed at 100 mM NE
      concentration. Under both high and low glucose conditions, glucagon release was
      maximally stimulated at 10 micrometers NE concentration and was significantly
      elevated at 10 nM NE concentration. Under high and low glucose conditions,
      somatostatin release was inhibited by 10 micrometers NE concentration and was
      significantly depressed at 100 nM NE concentration. During the initial maximal
      stimulation of glucagon, NE inhibition of somatostatin and insulin was prevented,
      possibly by the high level of glucagon released. A paracrine effect of glucagon
      on beta and delta cells is proposed.

PMID- 383556
TI  - A study of glucagonomas by light and electron microscopy and immunofluorescence.
AB  - Five tumors associated with the complete glucagonoma syndrome, as well as a
      series of glucagon-cell adenomas from three patients without this syndrome, were
      investigated by light and electron microscopy and by immunofluorescence. All
      tumors associated with the syndrome were large, from 3 to 35 cm along the major
      axis, and three of them were proved to be malignant. No common histologic
      arrangement of tumor cells was apparent for the five neoplasms examined.
      Immunofluorescent staining for glucagon and glicentin was carried out: while most
      cells were negative, a varying number of scattered cells were positive with both
      antisera in all tumors except one; three tumors contained more glicentin- than
      glucagon-immunoreactive cells. Moreover, three tumors were multihormonal, witn
      cells positive for pancreatic polypeptide and/or insulin. Ultrastructurally, the
      secretory granules of cells from these tumors were not typical of those found in
      A-cells from adult human islets. The glucagon-cell tumors from patients without
      the syndrome were benign, usually multiple, and were small, with diameters from
      0.5 mm to 1 cm. In most cases, the cells from these neoplasms arranged in a
      characteristic pattern (ribbonlike or "gyriform"). In most tumors, the majority
      of cells showed both glucagon and glicentin immunofluorescence and the
      ultrastructural appearance of their secretory granules was similar to that of
      normal islet A-cells. From the morphologic point of view, therefore, cells from
      tumors not associated with the glucagonoma syndrome resemble normal glucagon
      cells more closely than those from tumors associated with the syndrome.

PMID- 383557
TI  - Prostaglandins as modulators of pancreatic islet function.

PMID- 383559
TI  - Immunofluorescence study of mucosal B lymphocytes in bile reflux gastritis.
AB  - Intracelluar immunofluorescence staining was used to identify lymphoid cells from
      human gastric mucosa. Staining of serial sections for each of the five classes of
      immunoglobulin-containing cells revealed the presence of all classes. Their
      relative frequencies in the antral mucosae of 30 patients with bile reflux
      gastritis were 51% IgA, 16% IgM, 18.5% IgG, 2.5% IgD and 12% IgE. The mucosae of
      15 control subjects showed 75% IgA, 8% IgM, 15% IgG, 1% IgD and 1% IgE and the
      mucosae of 30 patients with inflammatory gastritis without bile reflux revealed
      67% IgA, 6.5% IgM, 22.5% IgG, 1.5% IgD and 2.5% IgE. These features suggest that
      allergy participates in the physiopathology of bile reflux gastritis.

PMID- 383558
TI  - Bibliography of developmental medicine and child neurology. Selected books and
      articles received in 1978.

PMID- 383560
TI  - Modulation of human gastric mucosal adenylate cyclase activity by prostacyclin.
AB  - Prostacyclin, its stable metabolite 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha and
      prostaglandin E2 were tested on the adenylate cyclase system in human gastric
      mucosa. All three compounds were able to activate human cyclase. Saturating
      concentrations of prostacyclin, prostaglandin E2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1
      alpha (each 0.28 mM) increased the enzyme activity 3.0 and 1.6 fold,
      respectively. The concentrations of prostacyclin and prostaglandin E2 required to
      produce half maximal activation were in the same range. Prostacyclin is an
      efficient stimulator of human gastric mucosal adenylate cyclase.

PMID- 383561
TI  - Stem cell concepts.

PMID- 383562
TI  - Simultaneous expression of two different types of intermediate sized filaments in
      mouse keratinocytes proliferating in vitro.
AB  - The intermediate-sized filaments present in epidermal keratinocytes derived from
      mouse skin and in an established cell line (HEL) derived from spontaneous
      transformation of murine keratinocytes grown in vitro, have been examined by
      immunofluorescence microscopy, using antibodies directed against subunit proteins
      of different classes of intermediate-sized filaments, as well as by electron
      microscopy and gel electrophoresis of cytoskeletal preparations highly enriched
      in intermediate-sized filaments. The keratinocytes derived from neonatal skin,
      which are capable of only limited replication in vitro, show only a single type
      of intermediate-sized filaments, i.e., the tonofibril-like arrays of filaments
      containing prekeratin. HEL cells, which proliferate indefinitely in vitro, retain
      the tonofilament-like structures typical of differentiated epidermal cells but in
      addition display intermediate-sized filaments of the vimentin type, i.e., the
      filament system typically found in mesenchymal and mesenchyme-derived cells. We
      discuss the possibility that (i) the advent of vimentin-type filaments in
      epidermal cells in culture is related either to the transformed state or the in
      vitro growth conditions as such and (ii) other differentiated epithelial cells
      proliferating in vitro may have more than one system of intermediate-sized
      filaments.

PMID- 383563
TI  - [Professor Bernard Halpern, a life to the service of allergy].

PMID- 383564
TI  - [Goethe's own notes on his pursuit of "organic natures"].

PMID- 383565
TI  - [Electrophoresis mobility inhibition test (emt) in immunological early diagnosis
      of gynaecological malignomas (author's transl)].
AB  - The electrophoresis mobility inhibition test (EMT) was employed in the
      examination of a total of 74 woman patients with various gynaecological
      malignomas, 50 women with non-malignant diseases and 41 healthy female controls.
      In the group of patients with  malignoma, 78.4% of the test results agreed with
      the histological diagnosis, 21.6% of the results were false negative. In the
      group of patients with benign diseases, 78.0% of the test results were correct,
      whereas 22.0% were false-positive. One false-positive test result was seen among
      the healthy controls. Extensive tumour growth, chronic infections and virus
      diseases seem to falsify the test result. Significance, perspectives and
      limitations of this test system within the framework of tumour diagnosis, are
      discussed.

PMID- 383566
TI  - [The relevance of "family-oriented obstetrics" and its consequences for the
      maternity hospital (author's transl)].
AB  - By inventing the "rooming in", the organisational prerequisites for the
      undisyurbed early mother--child relationship, which is of fateful relevance for
      the newborn, are provided. Since part of the responsibility for the child is
      transferred to the mother already in the hospital, an adequate instruction is
      necessary. Thus, a change is taking place pertaining to the tasks of the nursing
      personnel. In an inquiry made on 950 female patients, the social-psychological
      aspects of the "romming in" were examined and evaluated. The joint accommodation
      of mother and child ought to be available on request for approximately 50% of the
      delivered women. During the night the newborns should be taken to the nursery.
      This meets with the needs of many women for undisturbed rest during the night
      despite "rooming in" and also with the necessity for control of the newborns by
      the nursing staff. The general judgment of the patients on a clinic cannot be
      changed essentially by the invention of "rooming in". This is depending to a
      great extent on various other factors.

PMID- 383567
TI  - Stannous fluoride: does it stain teeth? How does it react with tooth surfaces? A
      review.

PMID- 383568
TI  - Action of prolactin on the uropygial gland of chicks.

PMID- 383569
TI  - [Effect of radiosensitivity gene irradiation and genotype on yeast cytoduction].
AB  - Effects of gamma- and UV-irradiation of one parent on progenies of yeast crosses
      are studied. In the crosses of the type: p+ a alc4 X p-alpha ade2 (alc4--nuclear
      respiration deficiency) zygotic colonies (white) and haploid p+ cytoductant
      colonies (red) were scored. The irradiation of p+ parent increases the
      cytoductant frequency up to 17%. When both parents are radiation-sensitive (xrs1,
      allelic to rad54), the frequency of cytoduction reaches 90%. Crosses p+xrs1 X p
      xrs+ or p+xrs+ X p-xrs1 are similar to crosses of wild types. The same results
      were observed in the case of xrs4 mutants as well as for UV-irradiation. In the
      progenies of crosses irradiated p+ a alc4 (xrs+ or xrs1) X non-irradiated p-alpha
      ade2 ura (xrs+ or xrs1) the genotype of red colonies was analysed: in most cases
      (82.3%-99.8%) they were p+ alpha ade2 ura, that was true haploid cytoductants. It
      is concluded that irradiation induces particular damages of yeast nuclei leading
      to a block of normal karyogamy and thus to a cytoductant formation. The highest
      frequency of cytoduction was observed in crosses of radiosensitive mutants.

PMID- 383570
TI  - [Genetic control of the formation of plasmid F'. I. Effect of recA- and seg-2
      mutations in an Hfr donor strain on the character of plasmid F' formation].
AB  - Assuming the similarity of the processes of illegitimate recombination, such as
      deletion formation, with the process of F' plasmid formation, we have undertaken
      the study of the influence of recA- and seg- alleles of Hfr donor on the F'
      plasmid formation. The data obtained demonstrate the strong influence of donor
      genotype on the frequency of F' plasmid formation and on the nature of F'
      plasmids formed, thus demonstrating that the most of F' plasmids have been formed
      via recombination in Hfr donor cells. The recA- mutation decreased the total
      yield of F' plasmids selected using both proximal and distal Hfr markers and
      affected drastically the distribution of the F' plasmids inheriting different
      proximal unselected markers. The existence of recA-dependent and recA-independent
      modes of F' plasmid formation was demonstrated. The Escherichia coli chromosome
      contains regions which involve preferentially in recA-dependent (between proA and
      gal, and clockwise from gal) or recA-independent (between leu and proA, and the
      region counterclockwise from argE) recombination. The seg-2 mutation causes only
      partial block of both recA-dependent and recA-independent recombination pathways,
      however it causes dramatic decrease of genetic exchanges leading to the formation
      of the type II F' plasmids. Both seg- and recA- mutations decrease the frequency
      of the formation of Tra+ F' transconjugants. The percent of Tra- transconjugants,
      which remain sensitive to MS2 and Q beta donor specific phages, also drops
      significantly under the influence of the recA- and seg- alleles. Thus, the
      recombination involving the F structure in wild type strains and seg- mutants
      occures preferentially in the points of F outside the regions essential for
      transfer and sensitivity to male specific phages, while in recA- and recA-ges-
      strains the points inside these regions (tra operon) frequently involved in F'
      plasmid looping out. There exist more strict correlation between the fertility
      and sensitivity to phage Q beta than to phage MS2.

PMID- 383571
TI  - [Enhanced UV sensitivity of Escherichia coli strain uvrA crp].
AB  - UV-sensitivity and UV-induced mutability to tryptophan independence has been
      studied in isogenic crp, cya, crp+, uvrA crp and uvrA crp+ strains of Escherichia
      coli. crp and cya strains are found to have the same UV-sensitivity as an
      isogenic wild type strain. UV-sensitivity of uvrA crp strain seems to be one-two
      orders increased as compared with the sensitivity exhibited by the uvrA - crp+
      strain. The yield of UV-induced revertants is slightly higher in crp, cya and
      uvrA crp strains than in the wild type cells. The existence of cap-dependent
      inducible error-free repair pathway is supposed due to the data obtained.

PMID- 383572
TI  - [Correspondence legacy of N. I. Vavilov].

PMID- 383573
TI  - [Bibliography of the foreign literature on genetics (March 1979)].

PMID- 383574
TI  - Glutamyl-gamma-methyl ester acts as a methionine analogue in Escherichia coli:
      analogue resistant mutants map at the metJ and metK loci.

PMID- 383575
TI  - The lactose system in Klebsiella aerogenes V9A. 6. Lactose transport.

PMID- 383576
TI  - Prolonged incubation in calcium chloride improves the competence of Escherichia
      coli cells.
AB  - Escherichia coli cells are 4--6 times more transformable and 20--30 times more
      competent after 24 h incubation in cold calcium chloride than immediately after
      calcium chloride treatment. With 24-h-old competent cells we obtained routinely 2
      . 10(7) transformants per microgram of pBR322 DNA, and transformed over 20% of
      viable cells.

PMID- 383577
TI  - Cell-free synthesis of proteins coding for mobilisation functions of ColE1 and
      transposition functions of Tn3.
AB  - A hybrid plasmid, pJC74, carrying the large (3.35 Md) EcoRI-PstI fragment of
      ColE1, the 1.3 and 1.8 Md PstI fragments of plasmid R1 drd19 (containing a part
      of Tn3 and known to specify transpostion functions), and a part of gamma
      bacteriophage DNA carrying the fused cohesive ends of gamma (cos) was
      constructed. Supercoiled DNA of pJC74 and a series of deletions (series pJC75)
      were used in a cell-free coupled transcription-translation system. Analysis of
      the proteins produced allowed the identification of a 28 to 30 kd protein and/or
      a 3 kd protein responsible for mobilisation of the plasmids in sex-factor
      promoted conjugation. Furthermore, three protein bands of 12, 12.5 and 13 kd were
      correlated with the presence of a portion of the Tn3 transposon previously shown
      to code for transposition functions which can complement in trans. These latter
      and the 30 kd beta-lactamase were the only proteins identified as Tn3-specific by
      comparison of ColE1 with RSF2124.

PMID- 383578
TI  - Restriction map, partial cloning and localization of 9S and 12S kinetoplast RNA
      genes on the maxicircle component of the kinetoplast DNA of Leishmania
      tarentolae.
AB  - We have constructed a restriction map of the maxicircle component of the
      kinetoplast DNA of Leishmania tarentolae for the enzymes EcoRI, Bam HI, HaeIII,
      HpaII, SalI, BglII and HindIII. The 9 and 12S kinetoplast RNAs were localized on
      this map. Two fragments of this maxicircle molecule were cloned in the bacterial
      plasmid, pBR322, including a 4.4 . 10(6) dalton EcoRI/BamHI fragment which
      contains the 9 and 12S RNA genes.

PMID- 383579
TI  - Plasmids with temperature-dependent copy number for amplification of cloned genes
      and their products.
AB  - Miniplasmids (pKN402 and pKN410) were isolated from runaway-replication mutants
      of plasmid R1. At 30 degrees C these miniplasmids are present in 20--50 copies
      per cell of Escherichia coli, whereas at temperatures above 35 degrees C the
      plasmids replicate without copy number control during 2--3 h. At the end of this
      period plasmid DNA amounts to about 75% of the total DNA. During the gene
      amplification, growth and protein synthesis continue at normal rate leading to a
      drastic amplification of plasmid gene products. Plasmids pKN402 (4.6 Md) and
      pKN410 (10 Md) have single restriction sites for restriction endonucleases EcoRI
      and HindIII; in addition plamid pKN410 has a single BamHI site and carries
      ampicillin resistance. The plasmids can therefore be used as cloning vectors.
      Several genes were cloned into these vectors using the EcoRI sites; chromosomal
      as well as plasmid-coded beta-lactamase was found to be amplified up to 400-fold
      after thermal induction of the runaway replication. Vectors of this temperature
      dependent class will be useful in the production of large quantities of genes and
      gene products. These plasmids have lost their mobilization capacity. Runaway
      replication is lethal to the host bacteria in rich media. These two properties
      contribute to the safe use of the plasmids as cloning vehicles.

PMID- 383580
TI  - Expression of the yeast galactokinase gene in Escherichia coli.
AB  - In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the genes for three of the enzymes involved in
      galactose metabolism are tightly linked near the centromere of chromosome II
      (Douglas and Hawthorne, 1964). However, the molecular mechanisms which control
      the expression of these genes are not well understood. A DNA fragment containing
      at least one of these yeast genes, the galactokinase gene (gal1), has been joined
      to the bacterial plasmid pBR322 and maintained in an Escherichia coli strain that
      carries a deletion in its own galactokinase gene, galK. The presence of the yeast
      gene was demonstrated by (i) complementation of the E. coli galactokinase
      deletion, (ii) by hybridization of the cloned DNA fragment to restriction enzyme
      digests of total yeast DNA and (iii) by assaying for yeast galactokinase activity
      in bacterial cell extracts. The yeast DNA fragment is 4700 base pairs long, and
      enables the host E. coli K-12 strain to grow in minimal medium containing
      galactose as the sole carbon source with a generation time of 14.3 h. The yeast
      galactokinase activity in the bacterial extracts is 0.7% of the bacterial
      galactokinase activity found in wild-type E. coli fully induced with fucose.

PMID- 383581
TI  - [Immunologic aspects of neoplastic disease].

PMID- 383582
TI  - [Prof. Stanislaw Krzysztoporski].

PMID- 383583
TI  - [Improved method of closing the cavity in pulmonary echinococcectomy].

PMID- 383585
TI  - [Avascular necrosis of bone after kidney transplantation].

PMID- 383584
TI  - [Mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema following dental extraction and use of
      high-speed air-turbine drill].

PMID- 383586
TI  - [Nephronophthisis in a child].

PMID- 383587
TI  - [Preliminary survey of entertoxigenic E. coli in Israel].

PMID- 383588
TI  - Detection of mutagenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in African smoked fish.

PMID- 383589
TI  - Application of the diffusion theory to migration of plastics components into
      packed goods: survey of recent migration studies.

PMID- 383590
TI  - [Mammalian pheromones with special reference to the boar taint steroid and its
      relationship to other testicular steroids (author's transl)].

PMID- 383591
TI  - [Studies on the correlation between endocrinological abnormalities and weight
      loss in patients with anorexia nervosa (author's transl)].

PMID- 383592
TI  - Spontaneously hyperglycemic laboratory animals -- models of human diabetes
      syndrome?

PMID- 383593
TI  - Plasma renin, renin substrate and angiotensin II changes following experimental
      endotoxinaemia.
AB  - The effect of a single dose of endotoxin (B. coli, 1.5 mg/kg intravenously) on
      plasma renin concentration (PRC), renin substrate (PRSC), and angiotensin II (AT
      II) was studied in rats over a period of 48 hours. All determinations were
      performed by specific radioimmunoassay. Six and nine hours following endotoxin
      administration, renin secretion was decreased, whereas at 48 hours a slight
      increase in the PRC was found. In contrast, a three-fold elevation of the PRSC
      occurred during the first 24 hour period, attributable to a stimulation of the
      hepatic biosynthesis as result of corticosterone oversecretion. According to the
      observed changes in PRC and PRSC, AT II remains unchanged after six and nine
      hours, whereas a significant increase was detected after 24 and 48 hours. Based
      on the actual AT II level, the findings emphasize that in the rat the RAS does
      participate in the later stages of endotoxin stress only.

PMID- 383594
TI  - Low insulin response -- genetic aspects and implications.

PMID- 383595
TI  - Effects of pinealectomy and pineal incubation medium and sonicates on insulin
      release by isolated pancreatic islets in vitro.
AB  - The present studies were designed to investigate the mechanism of previously
      reported nocturnal hyperinsulinemia in the pinealectomized rat. Isolated islets
      were obtained from anesthetized control, sham-pinealectomized and pinealectomized
      rats, with 5 rats per surgical groups, during the early dark phase of the daily
      lightdark cycle. Batches of 3 islets each were incubated in various combinations
      of 2, 10 or 30 mM glucose with control buffer, medium in which cerebral cortex or
      pineal glands had previously been incubated for 2 hours, or sonicates of these
      same tissues. Insulin released into the culture medium was measured by
      radioimmunoassay. A significant hypersecretion of insulin was demonstrable in the
      islets from the pinealectomized animals. A stimulatory effect of both pineal
      medium and sonicates upon insulin release was similarly observed. Neither of
      these effects displayed an interaction with the concentration of glucose in the
      islet incubation medium and they, therefore, appear to be mediated by a mechanism
      which operates independently of stimulation by glucose. These results indicate
      that the rat pineal gland can exert direct effects upon insulin release from the
      islets, possibly through a humoral route. Further studies are in progress to
      characterize the nature and mode of action of the insulinotropic agent present in
      and released from the pineal gland.

PMID- 383596
TI  - Relationship between secretory capacity of pancreatic A cell and of B cell.

PMID- 383598
TI  - Planning process a powerful tool.
AB  - Although business and industry have been involved with the planning process for
      some time, hospitals have only recently realized the powerful tool that the
      process represents.

PMID- 383597
TI  - Secretion of glucagon and insulin in hypophysectomized rats: effect of
      tolbutamide.
AB  - Normal and hypophysectomized (hypox) rats, fed ad libitum, received
      intraperitoneal injections of tolbutamide (75 mg/kg/day) or of saline for 6
      weeks. 24 h after the last injection, blood samples were taken for glucose,
      insulin and glucagon determinations. In normal rats, tolbutamide treatment did
      not alter serum glucose, insulin and glucagon, although it suppressed the
      secretion of insulin and glucagon by the pancreatic islets. In hypox rats,
      tolbutamide decreased serum glucose and insulin, elevated serum glucagon and
      stimulated the secretion of glucagon, but not that of insulin by the pancreatic
      islets. In addition, tolbutamide treatment increased the glucagon response to
      arginine in normal, but not in hypox rats. The serum glucose response to arginine
      was decreased by tolbutamide treatment and by hypophysectomy and, thus, appeared
      independent of the glucagon rise or preexisting glucagon level. We conclude that
      tolbutamide treatment decreased the secretion of glucagon and insulin in normal
      rats and stimulated that of glucagon in hypox rats, perhaps because of the low
      levels of insulin in the serum and in the pancreas of the latter. Our results are
      compatible with the hypothesis that the pancreatic action of tolbutamide is
      influenced by the pituitary.

PMID- 383599
TI  - Talmadge package could stimulate more HEW regulations.

PMID- 383600
TI  - Hospital, physicians claimed consent form barred suit.

PMID- 383601
TI  - Ramon y cajal: cartographer of the central nervous system.

PMID- 383602
TI  - Antimicrobial therapy of anaerobic infections: a status report.

PMID- 383603
TI  - When the chips are down.

PMID- 383605
TI  - Current topics in health care: an annotated bibliography.

PMID- 383604
TI  - Immunosuppression for organ grafting -- observations on cyclosporin A.

PMID- 383606
TI  - Identification of mouse mammary adipose cells by membrane antigens.
AB  - Antisera produced to mammary adipose cells from midpregnant BALC/c females can be
      used to distinguish mammary adipose cells from mammary epithelial cells and
      fibroblasts. The mammary adipose membrane antigen detected by indirect
      immunofluorescence was found in adipose cells from (a) mammary glands of virgin,
      midpregnant and lactating mice; (b) mammary fat pads that had been surgically
      cleared of glandular elements; and (c) epididymis. In all tissues, this cell
      surface antigen was removed by the enzymatic action used to dissociate the cells
      from the tissues and was shown to be fully restored when cells were cultured for
      48 hr.

PMID- 383607
TI  - [Serodiagnosis of malaria. Plasmodium berghei and P. falciparum as antigen for
      the indirect immune of fluorescence test (author's transl)].
AB  - Serum samples of malaria patients were investigated by the IIFT with P. berghei
      antigen (from mice) and P. falciparum antigen (from in vitro cultures). Both
      antigens were useful principally and produced approximately identical results. P.
      falciparum antigen produced mostly higher titres than P. berghei antigen. In
      cases of lack of homologous malaria antigen it can be suitable to use an antibody
      free P. berghei antigen for the IIFT, especially in cases of epidemiological
      studies. For the individual clinical diagnosis titres of 1:64 are significant.

PMID- 383609
TI  - Specific absorption of human serum albumin, immunoglobulin A, and immunoglobulin
      G with selected strains of group A and G streptococci.
AB  - Five gram-positive bacterial strains were selected for absorption studies of
      human serum samples. Strain AR1 (group A, M-type 1) and G148 (group G), with
      strong immunoglobulin G (IgG) binding capacities, and strain AW43 (group A, M
      type 60), binding both IgA1 and IgA2, were compared with Staphylococcus aureus
      Cowan I and with Staphylococcus epidermidis L603. Both AR1 and G148 were capable
      of completely absorbing out serum IgG. In contrast, S. aureus Cowan I left a
      fraction unabsorbed, as expected from its known lack of IgG3 binding. Strain AW43
      absorbed out all serum IgA, using a 10-microliter bacterial pellet for 20
      microliter of serum. Serum IgM levels were slightly reduced by S. aureus Cowan I
      absorption. On the basis of the experiments, a bacterial mixture was designed
      consisting of S. aureus Cowan I and group A streptococcus strains AR1 and AW43,
      with absorption characteristics suitable for use in discriminating between early
      IgM and late IgG and IgA immune responses in routine serological work. A new type
      of bacteria-mammalian protein binding was discovered. Human serum albumin was
      completely absorbed out by strain G148 and to a lesser extent by strain AR1 and
      AW43. S. aureus Cowan I and S. epidermidis were negative. The binding capacity of
      G148 for albumin equalled that of Cowan I for IgG. The binding pattern of albumin
      to the strains was different from those of IgG, IgA, IgM, fibrinogen,
      haptoglobin, or aggregated beta 2-microglobulin and therefore seems to represent
      another type of bacterial-mammalian interaction with a specific albumin receptor
      on the surface of streptococci.

PMID- 383610
TI  - Effects of age, ambient temperature, and heat-stable Escherichia coli enterotoxin
      on intestinal transit in infant mice.
AB  - Some interrelationships among age, ambient temperature, intestinal transit, and
      enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection were studied in an infant mouse model.
      The transit of dye in the small intestine was accelerated during the response to
      heat-stable E. coli enterotoxin. Transit in the small intestine of normal mice
      accelerated with increased age (from less than 17 h to 8 days old) and
      accelerated with increased ambient temperature (from 25 to 37 degrees C). Transit
      was more rapid in the jejunum than in the ileum throughout the range of
      experimental conditions studied. E. coli strains that do not produce any of the
      pili known facilitate intestinal colonization were cleared from the small
      intestine more rapidly at 37 degrees C than at 25 degrees C. This clearance was
      thought to be due to accelerated transit at the higher temperature. In contrast,
      a strain of E. coli that produces K99 (pili previously shown to facilitate
      intestinal colonization in other species) was not cleared from the small
      intestine and colonized more intensively at 37 degrees C than at 25 degrees C.
      Intensified colonization by this strain was thought to be due to increased
      production of K99 at the higher temperature. It was suggested that sluggish
      intestinal transit may also be characteristic of the neonates of other species
      and be one of the factors predisposing them to intestinal colonization by
      enteropathogens. It was speculated that this predisposition may be enhanced if
      the neonates are chilled. However, the effect of ambient temperature on
      intestinal transit in homeothermic neonates such as pigs, calves, and humans may
      be different from that in mice because neonatal mice are poikilothermic.

PMID- 383611
TI  - Comparison of assay of coliform enterotoxins by conventional techniques versus in
      vivo intestinal perfusion.
AB  - Thirty-six strains of coliform bacteria were tested for enterotoxigenicity both
      by conventional assays, including the Y-1 adrenal and Chinese hamster ovary cell
      assays for heat-labile toxin and the suckling mouse assay for heat-stable toxin,
      and by determining the ability of graded concentrations of ultrafiltrate high- or
      low-molecular-weight toxin preparations to induce water secretion during in vivo
      perfusion in the rat jejunum. The ultrafiltrates of all 18 strains isolated from
      persons with infectious diarrheal disease, including seven of Escherichia coli,
      seven of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and four of Enterobacter cloacae, contained one
      (nine strains) or two (nine strains) potent toxin fractions (resembling either
      heat-labile or heat-stable toxin in terms of apparent molecular weight and heat
      lability characteristics) that induced water secretion at perfusion
      concentrations of 10 ng/ml or less. Unconcentrated broth filtrates of five of the
      E. coli strains and two of Klebsiella reacted positively in one or more of the
      conventional assay systems. Concentrated ultrafiltrates from two strains that
      were negative in the in vitro assays for heat-labile toxin were tested and also
      proved to be inactive in these test systems. None of 18 strains isolated from
      control sources produced, in the ultrafiltrates, enterotoxins capable of inducing
      water secretion at low concentrations, and none reacted positively in the
      conventional assays. These results indicate that some strains of coliform
      bacteria elaborate potent toxin materials that are capable of inducing water
      secretion and can be detected by perfusion of concentrated ultrafiltrates but not
      by conventional assay systems for enterotoxigenicity. Whether this represents
      quantitative or qualitative differences between the toxin materials that
      stimulate these different test systems remains to be established.

PMID- 383608
TI  - The antinflammatory effects of glucocorticosteroids. A brief review of the
      literature.
AB  - The effects of glucocorticosteroids on immune and inflammatory responses are
      reviewed. The steroids seem to change the number or function of cell receptors
      for regulating agents, so that in areas of inflammation: (a) blood vessels dilate
      less, (b) lymphocytes proliferate less, (c) all leukocytes infiltrate less, (d)
      macrophages become less activated (digesting and secreting less), and (e)
      fibroblasts produce less collagen and ground substance. In addition, the
      corticosteroids seem to alter the response of cells to various signals from their
      receptors by affecting the prostaglandin system, cyclic nucleotides, and perhaps
      other internal mediators.

PMID- 383612
TI  - Pyruvate oxidation by Treponema pallidum.
AB  - Cell-free extracts of Treponema pallidum catalyzed the decarboxylation of
      pyruvate. This activity was suppressed at low O2 tensions and appeared to be
      coenzyme A independent. Pyruvate decarboxylation was inorganic phosphate
      dependent, and evidence suggested that acetyl phosphate was a product. Oxygen was
      consumed, and data indicated that H2O2 was produced. These results indicated that
      the overall oxidation of pyruvate was: pyruvate + O2 + inorganic phosphate leads
      to CO2 + acetyl phosphate + H2O2. Phosphotransacetylase and acetate kinase
      activities were also observed in the cell-free extracts and could catalyze
      formation of acetyl coenzyme A and adenosine 5'-triphosphate, respectively, from
      acetyl phosphate.

PMID- 383613
TI  - Delayed hypersensitivity responses in mice and guinea pigs to Mycobacterium
      leprae, Mycobacterium vaccae, and Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum cytoplasmic
      proteins.
AB  - Antigenic relationships between Mycobacterium vaccae, M. nonchromogenicum, and M.
      leprae were examined in mice and guinea pigs injected with M. vaccae or M.
      nonchromogenicum suspensions. The growth of both organisms in outbred ICR and
      four inbred mouse strains was followed up to 30 days. M. nonchromogenicum
      persisted in the livers and spleens of the inbred mice substantially better than
      did the M. vaccae population in the same mouse strains. A translucent colony
      variant of M. vaccae isolated from the opossum survived in vivo better than the
      opaque colony isolated from opossums and cattle. Persistence of M. vaccae and M.
      nonchromogenicum was not markedly increased in T-cell-depleted (nude) mice.
      Normal mice infected with increasing numbers of M. vaccae did not develop delayed
      type hypersensitivity to the homologous M. vaccae cytoplasmic protein antigen.
      When heat-killed M. vaccae were incorporated into Freund adjuvant, both mice and
      guinea pigs developed delayed hypersensitivity to cytoplasmic antigens prepared
      from M. vaccae, M. nonchromogenicum and M. vaccae vaccines cross-sensitized
      guinea pigs to the M. leprae cytoplasmic antigens.

PMID- 383614
TI  - Opsonization of Cryptococcus neoformans by human immunoglobulin G: role of
      immunoglobulin G in phagocytosis by macrophages.
AB  - The role of immunoglobulin G (IgG) as an opsonin in phagocytosis of Cryptococcus
      neoformans by macrophages was investigated. Labeling with 125I showed that IgG
      isolated from normal human serum bound to non-encapsulated C. neoformans.
      Furthermore, IgG-opsonized cryptococci were agglutinated by anti-serum to IgG
      heavy chains, indicating that normal human serum contains antibody that will bind
      to the yeast surface. The IgG isolated from normal serum accounted for all
      opsonizing activity found in normal human serum, since differences were not noted
      between the opsonizing activities of whole serum, heat-inactivated serum and
      purified IgG when these opsonins were compared at equivalent concentrations of
      IgG. Phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized cryptococci was inhibited by anti-macrophage
      IgG, a reagent known to block Fc-mediated attachment and ingestion, and by pepsin
      digestion of opsonizing IgG. Thus, IgG opsonization is an Fc-dependent process.
      Opsonizing IgG appears to play its major role during the attachment phase of
      phagocytosis, since antimacrophage IgG blocked attachment of cryptococci to
      macrophages but could not block ingestion of IgG-opsonized cryptococci that had
      been allowed to attach to macrophages. Ingestion of opsonized cryptococci was not
      blocked by 2-deoxy-D-glucose, a reagent known to block Fc-mediated ingestion,
      thus confirming that IgG has a primary role in attachment and suggesting that
      ingestion is mediated by a process that is not Fc dependent.

PMID- 383615
TI  - Opsonization of Cryptococcus neoformans by human immunoglobulin G: masking of
      immunoglobulin G by cryptococcal polysaccharide.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that attachment of non-encapsulated cryptococci to
      macrophages is highly dependent on opsonizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) and that
      cryptococcal polysaccharide inhibits the attachment phase of phagocytosis. We
      investigated various mechanisms by which cryptococcal polysaccharide might
      interfere with the opsonizing action of IgG. Cryptococcal polysaccharide did not
      appreciably prevent binding of opsonizing IgG to the yeast. Furthermore,
      cryptococcal polysaccharide acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor with respect to
      the opsonizing action of IgG. These experiments suggested that cell wall-bound
      IgG is masked in some manner such that it is unable to participate in Fc-mediated
      phagocytosis. This appeared to be the case, since cryptococcal polysaccharode
      inhibited agglutination of IgG-opsonized yeast cells by antiserum to IgG. There
      was good dose-response correlation between the amount of polysaccharide needed to
      inhibit phagocytosis of non-encapsulated Cryptococcus neoformans and the amount
      of polysaccharide needed to prevent agglutination of IgG-opsonized cryptococci by
      antiserum to IgG. The ability of cryptococcal polysaccharide to prevent
      agglutination of IgG-opsonized cryptococci by antiserum to IgG was lost if
      dextran, a substance known to enhance agglutination of several particles, was
      incorporated into the medium.

PMID- 383616
TI  - Cryptococcal culture filtrate antigen for detection of delayed-type
      hypersensitivity in cryptococcosis.
AB  - Previous studies on a cryptococcal culture filtrate (CneF) antigen have shown
      that the antigen is useful in detecting delayed-type hypersensitivity and that it
      is specific for Cryptococcus. This study further defined one more parameter of
      specificity, showing that the CneF antigen does not elicit delayed-type
      hypersensitivity responses in Cryptococcus albidus-sensitized guinea pigs. When
      the crude CneF antigen was subjected to ultrafiltration fractionation, the skin
      test active components were found to be in the 50,000 or greater molecular weight
      range fraction. The concentrated retentates of the XM50 ultrafiltration membrane
      were more sensitive antigens than the crude CneF antigens. Further fractionation
      of the XM50 retentate using 3% acrylamide gel electrophoresis separated the
      antigen into two bands. One band, the P fraction, migrated only a short distance
      into the gel; the fraction was carbohydrate-like and did not elicit significant
      skin test responses in sensitized guinea pigs. The other band, G fraction,
      appeared with the tracking dye, was glycoprotein-like, and elicited significantly
      positive skin tests in sensitized guinea pigs. G fractions prepared using three
      different serotypes of Cryptococcus neoformans elicited similar size indurations
      when used in skin testing guinea pigs sensitized with either the homologous
      serotype isolated of C. neoformans or the heterologous serotype isolate.

PMID- 383617
TI  - Capsular K1 polysaccharide of Escherichia coli: relationship to virulence in
      newborn rats and resistance to phagocytosis.
AB  - The virulence of Escherichia coli strains for newborn rats was related to opsonic
      requirements of the strains, sensitivity to the bactericidal activity of serum,
      and K1 capsular polysaccharide content. K1 E. coli strains were more virulent
      than non-K1 strains after intraperitoneal injection in newborn rats (P less than
      0.05) and were more resistant to phagocytosis than non-K1 strains when the
      classical complement pathway was blocked with Mg-ethyleneglycoltetraacetic acid
      (P less than 0.0005). Sensitivity to the bactericidal activity of serum was
      similar among K1 and non-K1 E. coli strains. Two groups of K1 E. coli strains
      were defined on the basis of opsonic requirements. Group I strains were
      efficiently opsonized by the alternative complement pathway, while group II
      strains required the classical complement pathway for opsonization. Group I
      strains had less detectable K1 polysaccharide in the washed whole cell fraction
      than group II strains (10.3 versus 18.9 microgram of K1 polysaccharide per 10(10)
      colony-forming units) and were less virulent than group II strains (mortality, 44
      versus 77%, P less than 0.05). The K1 capsular polysaccharide appears to play an
      important role in determining virulence in newborn rats and opsonic requirements
      of these strains, but does not contribute to the sensitivity of strains to the
      bactericidal activity of serum.

PMID- 383618
TI  - Immunosuppressive activity of BCG: effects of adjuvant disease, lymphocyte
      subpopulations, and homing of thoracic duct cells in rats.
AB  - Administration of BCG by various dosage schedules suppressed adjuvant disease in
      rats. BCG administration produced an initial increase, followed by a depression,
      of the phytohemagglutinin response of purified blood lymphocytes. An increase in
      absolute and relative numbers of bursa-equivalent (B)-cells followed BCG
      administration, concurrent with a decrease in the phytohemagglutinin
      responsiveness. With adjuvant alone, there was a diminution in phytohemagglutinin
      response and an increase in number of B-cells; the latter occurred immediately
      after adjuvant injection and also when the generalized disease appeared. When
      both BCG and adjvant were present, parallel increases of phytohemagglutinin
      responsiveness and B-cell numbers resulted. The pattern of tissue localization of
      radioactively labeled thoracic duct cells from normal or BCG-treated donors given
      to normal, BCG-treated, adjuvant-injected, and BCG-treated + adjuvant-injected
      syngeneic recipients indicated significantly greater homing to the thymus and
      decreased localization to the bone marrow when BCG had been given to either
      donors or recipients. When labeled thymus cells were used, only the decreased
      bone marrow localization was noted. These observations suggest that the
      suppressive effect of BCG may be mediated through modification of the lymphocyte
      recirculation pattern, possibly resulting from alterations in lymphocyte
      recognition sites.

PMID- 383619
TI  - Endotoxin toxicity in rats with 6-sulfanilamidoindazole arthritis.
AB  - Seven oral administrations of 6-sulfanilamidoindazole (6-SAI) to 10- to 12-month
      old rats sensitized the animals to endotoxin, with dosages as small as 2.5
      microgram causing death in 80% of animals. Endotoxin in a dosage of 3,000
      microgram was not lethal for nonmedicated control animals. 6-SAI-treated 1-month
      old rats were not as sensitive to endotoxin as aged animals. The sulfonamide
      induced sensitivity to endotoxin could not be passively transferred and could not
      be explained by blockade of the reticuloendothelial system or impairment of
      endotoxin detoxification. 6-SAI administration was associated with both depletion
      of liver glycogen and lowering of blood glucose concentration without changes in
      blood lactic acid concentration. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is
      believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of shock and death as evidenced by:
      (i) concomitant decreases in plasma fibrinogen concentration and elevations in
      fibrin degradation products after endotoxin challenge; (ii) protection against
      lethal actions of endotoxin by pretreatment with heparin. Treatment of 6-SAI
      medicated rats with glucocorticoids before endotoxin challenge protected the
      animals against lethal doses of endotoxin and prevented deposition of fibrin
      thrombi in the glomerular capillaries.

PMID- 383620
TI  - Galactomannan antigenemia in invasive aspergillosis.
AB  - Galactomannan (GM) extracted from mycelia of Aspergillus fumigatus with cold
      dilute alkali reacted with antiserum specific for an antigen that circulated in
      invasive aspergillosis in rabbits and humans. The GM was purified by its affinity
      for concanavalin A and was separated from a nonantigenic glucan by gel permeation
      on Sephacryl S-200. The GM molecular weight of between 25,000 to 75,000 was
      smaller than the antigen present in infected rabbit serum which was retained by
      an ultrafiltration membrane that had a nominal molecular weight limit of 125,000.
      The ratio of galactose to mannose present in GM was 1:1.17. The serological
      activity of GM was stable to boiling but labile to 0.01 N HCl, implicating
      galactofuranose as an antigenic determinant. Analysis of purified GM by
      methylation-gas chromatography suggested a structure consisting of a 1 leads to 6
      linked mannan backbone with oligogalactoside side chains 3 units long,
      terminating in galactofuranose. The presence of mannose as a side chain component
      was also inferred. Another antigen of A. fumigatus, which did not bind to
      concanavalin A, was isolated after tandem chromatography on diethylaminoethyl-
      and carboxymethyl-Sephadex and was identified as a galactan. The galactan
      inhibited the immune precipitation of GM was specific antiserum.

PMID- 383621
TI  - Immunological behavior after mycobacterial infection in selected lines of mice
      with high or low antibody responses.
AB  - Resistance and susceptibility to mycobacterial infection in the Biozzi high and
      low lines of mice which were genetically selected for their responses to
      heterologous erythrocytes have been found to be related to the innate ability of
      nonimmune macrophages to kill or inhibit the growth of the organisms during the
      first two weeks after infection and to their ability to mount specific and
      nonspecific immune responses. High antibody-producer mice were more capable of
      expressing cell-mediated immune parameters than low antibody-producer mice. A
      direct relationship was observed between the ability of bacteria (BCG vaccine) to
      multiply inside the reticuloendothelial system and the development of cell
      mediated immunity, as measured by the delayed local reaction at the injection
      site, the lymphoproliferative response in the draining nodes, the tuberculin
      delayed-type hypersensitivity, the acquired resistance, and the adjuvant effect
      after BCG inoculation. In high line mice, apart from the inability of their
      macrophages to inhibit the early growth of bacteria, their lymphocytes in spleen
      and thymus were more capable of being stimulated in vitro by varying
      concentrations of living BCG. The data presented in this report are compatible
      with the hypothesis that a group of genes segregated in each line during the
      selective breeding controls the innate microbicidal activity.

PMID- 383622
TI  - Virulence of Escherichia coli in experimental hematogenous pyelonephritis in
      mice.
AB  - Differences in nephropathogenicity between Escherichia coli strains were studied
      by following the kinetics of the viable count in the mouse kidney during 8 h
      after intravenous injection. Assuming as a reference point that at zero time 0.1%
      of the inoculum was lodged in the kidney, we found that strains fell into three
      main groups with different behavior patterns: in group I, the viable count fell
      and remained low; in group II, the viable count first fell and then rose after 4
      h, reaching the level of the reference point within 8 h; in group III, the viable
      count rose rapidly and remained high. The kinetics of the viable counts were also
      studied in blood, spleen, and liver: group I and II strains behaved similarly;
      only in the kidney did group II strains show higher counts than group I strains.
      These data suggest that group II strains are specifically virulent for the mouse
      kidney. Group III strains also gave higher viable counts in blood and spleen but
      comparable counts in the liver, suggesting that group III strains are more
      generally virulent. Fifty percent lethal dose measurements confirmed the
      conclusion that group I strains are avirulent and group III strains are the most
      virulent. Possible relationships between behavior pattern and serotype are
      discussed.

PMID- 383624
TI  - Rheumatoid arthritis: review of searches for an infectious cause. Part I.
AB  - No distinctive pattern has yet emerged from the accumulated mass of results that
      would provide a generally acceptable hypothesis of the etiology of rheumatoid
      arthritis. A number of immunologic aberrations have been described, but there has
      been no identification of a key immunologic defect that might link together the
      various components of the immune response into an agreed pattern. The possibility
      of a persistent antigenic stimulus arising from an infection cannot be confirmed
      or refuted. If a virus is involved, it would seem more likely to be a "slow"
      virus rather than a commonly recognized form, but there is no strong candidate of
      this type in view. Despite the fact that mycoplasmas are undoubtedly
      arthritogenic in other species, their role as an etiologic agent in rheumatoid
      arthritis has not been proven. The idea that bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan
      may provide a persistent stimulus has much to offer, but it is not possible at
      this stage to accept peptidoglycan as a recognized etiologic factor. This
      suggestion will, however, indoubtedly stimulate much further investigation.

PMID- 383623
TI  - [Experience with sisomicin in pediatrics (author's transl)].
AB  - Sisomicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is especially effective against
      Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Serratia, indole
      positive and indole-negative Proteus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella
      and Staphylococcus aureus. It has a bactericidal action. Although sisomicin is
      similar to the other aminoglycoside antibiotics, there is not complete cross
      resistance to them. Our own pharmacokinetic investigations showed that a dose of
      2--3 mg/kg body weight of sisomicin twice daily is necessary in the neonatal
      period. Infants should be given 2.5 mg/kg body weight three times daily, and
      school children 1.5--20 mg/kg body weight, likewise three times daily. Excretion
      of sisomicin in the urine is lower in children than in adults, amounting within
      24 hours to only 10--20% in newborns, and 30--40% in school-children. Sisomicin
      induces excretion of some enzymes in higher quantities from the tubular part of
      the kidneys, especially alaninaminopeptidase. A report is given on 58 patients,
      especially newborns and prematures, who were treated for about seven days with
      sisomicin. The results obtained with a wide variety of infections (such as
      omphalitis, aspiration of amniotic fluid with broncho-pneumonia, phlegmons of the
      galea, and also pyelonephritis and mucoviscidosis with pulmonary complications)
      can be described as good, with a success rate of 85%. On only seven occasions
      were insignificant transitory side-effects, such as slight increase in
      transaminases, toxic-allergic exanthema and pain in the region in injection,
      observed.

PMID- 383626
TI  - In memoriam: Professor A. H. W. Aten Jr.

PMID- 383625
TI  - Clinical isolates of Canada albicans.

PMID- 383627
TI  - Hemodynamic, mechanical and renal effects during "apneic oxygenation" with
      extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal, at different levels of intrapulmonary
      pressure in lambs.
AB  - It has been shown that apneic oxygenation can be safely performed for many days
      when metabolic carbon dioxide is removed by an extracorporeal membrane lung, and
      100% oxygen is supplied directly into the trachea to keep the intrapulmonary
      pressure at 5 cm. H2O. The study was designed to find "best intrapulmonary
      pressure (IP)", analogous to "best PEEP" during continuous positive pressure
      ventilation. In the present study we have shown that when IP was progressively
      raised from 5cm H2O to 20 cm H2O the PaO2 rose significantly due to progressive
      decrease in QVA/Q. A linear positive correlation was found between CO and QVA/Q.
      There was a negative correlation between QVA/Q and FRC. Total static lung
      compliance and FRC increased significantly at 15--20 cm H2O IP. There was no
      significant change in urinary flow, urea and creatinine clearances. We conclude
      that in apneic oxygenation a more "optimal IP" is attained at an IP pressure of
      20 cm H2O than at 5 cm H2O.

PMID- 383628
TI  - Dr. Harry Summers.

PMID- 383629
TI  - Remote densitometric analysis of stenotic lesions.
AB  - In conventional densitometric evaluation of stenoses the digitized angiogram is
      displayed on a multi-grey-level scope to facilitate operator interaction. With a
      remote terminal, linked to the computer with regular telephone lines, such
      display is unacceptably slow. To circumvent this difficulty, the projection of
      the original image is used for interactions through a sonic pen digitizer
      interfaced to the computer. A coordinate system can be defined on the projected
      image, in addition to the blood vessel segment to be analyzed by the operator.
      The computer can retrieve these features on the stored-pre-digitized image to
      carry out the quantitative evaluation of the stenosis. This method reduces the
      time of analysis and allows several institutions to share the same computing
      facility.

PMID- 383630
TI  - Computer image analysis of kidney histopathological sections.
AB  - Human renal histological sections have been photographed on a black and white
      transparency and digitized. The digitizing camera, an image dissector, converts a
      2 cm2 picture into 400 x 400 numbers each representing the grey level value of
      sampled point. The grey levels are represented in the computer by number ranging
      between 0-255. In this scale 'O' stands for black and 255, for white. The program
      provides 2 grey level thresholds, which outline a window through which the
      picture is scanned. Only structures, whose grey level value lies in the window
      range, are taken into consideration. The thresholds are set during digitization
      from the console switches. Image analysis is performed on-line in real time.

PMID- 383631
TI  - Indirect leukocyte migration assay in patients with malignant melanoma.
AB  - Leukocytes from 72 melanoma patients and 75 control donors were examined in a two
      stage (indirect) leukocyte migration assay, using formalin-fixed melanoma cells
      (FMC) and control, normal or non-melanoma tumour cells (FCC) as the source of
      antigen. Inhibitory supernatants were produced significantly more often by
      cultures of melanoma leukocytes and FMC than by melanoma leukocytes and FCC or
      control leukocytes and FMC or FCC. Reactive leukocytes were most frequently
      derived from stage II patients (65%), followed by stage I patients with tumour
      present (58%), stage III patients (29%) and stage I patients without detectable
      tumour (20%). The likelihood that a melanoma patient's leukocytes would react
      increased progressively with the number of different FMC preparations tested. A
      similar, though less steep increase in reactivity was seen with control donor
      leukocytes and different FMC preparations. No significant increase in reaction
      frequency was seen with melanoma or control leukocytes exposed to increasing
      numbers of different FCC preparations. Significant discrimination between
      melanoma patients' and control donors' leukocytes was achieved with FMC from both
      primary and metastatic tumours. Concordance of positivity or negativity was seen
      in 60% of concurrent one-stage and two-stage leukocyte migration assays.

PMID- 383632
TI  - Personality characteristics of heroin addicts: a review of the empirical
      literature with critique--part II.
AB  - This paper is the second part of a two-part series reviewing the empirical
      literature on personality characteristics of heroin addicts. It focuses on MMPI
      based studies, personality differences between addict subgroups, and changes
      during the addiction cycle and following treatment. Several personality
      characteristics of heroin addicts have been consistently validated
      experimentally, but it is impossible to determine whether these traits comprise
      the "addictive personality" and predated drug use, or whether they are the result
      of drug addiction. Most research in this area has proceeded without the benefit
      of a theoretical premise on which to generate hypotheses and build models of
      heroin addiction. It is recommended that more study-based research occur that
      tests postulates.

PMID- 383633
TI  - The psychological and social adjustment of adolescents with cerebral palsy or
      spina bifida and hydrocephalus.

PMID- 383635
TI  - Influence of unsaturated fatty acids, membrane fluidity and oxygenation on the
      survival of an E. coli fatty acid auxotroph following gamma-irradiation.
AB  - Escherichia coli K1060, a fatty acid auxotroph unable to either synthesize or
      degrade unsaturated fatty acids (uFAs), was used to study the effect of membrane
      fluidity on survival after exposure to ionizing radiation. Using this strain of
      E. coli, significant alterations in the fatty acid composition of the membrane
      have been produced and verified by gas chromatography. Linolenic, oleic, elaidic
      and palmitelaidic acids were the uFAs used. Survival above the transition
      temperature (Tt) (liquid crystal in equilibrium gel) was comparable for these
      fatty-acid-supplemented membranes after exposure to gamma-irradiation, whereas
      gamma-irradiation below Tt resulted ina significant decrease in survival. An
      oxygen enhancement effect was observed for each experimental condition employed.

PMID- 383634
TI  - Free radical reactions with proteins and enzymes: the inactivation of pepsin.
AB  - The reactions of free radicals produced by ionizing radiation with pepsin have
      been studied by steady-state inactivation measurements and by pulse radiolysis.
      In de-aerated solutions thehydroxyl radical has been found to be the most
      efficient of the primary free radicals generated from water in causing
      inactivation. The reactions of the more selective oxidizing inorganic radical
      anions Br2-. and (SCN)2-., with pepsin have also beenexamined. In the case of the
      thiocyanate radical anion (SCN)2-., the inactivation efficiency is found to
      depend on SCN- concentration, an effect shown to arise from a reversible redox
      reaction involving the tryptophan and (SCN)2-. radicals. The results demonstrate
      that tryptophan residue plays an essential role in the enzyme activity of pepsin.

PMID- 383636
TI  - [Pancreatic function diagnostics].

PMID- 383637
TI  - [X-ray examination in pancreas diagnostics].

PMID- 383638
TI  - [Diagnostic procedure in chronic pancreatitis in relation to the values of
      individual technics].

PMID- 383639
TI  - On the presentation of the Friedenwald Award in Ophthalmology to Dr. Venkat
      Reddy.

PMID- 383640
TI  - Human trabecular cells. I. Establishment in tissue culture and growth
      characteristics.
AB  - After a careful dissection of trabecular tissue from recent postmortem specimens,
      human trabecular cells were established in tissue culture with 250 ng/ml
      fibroblast growth factor (FGF), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DME), and 10%
      human serum. These conditions have allowed propagation of human trabecular cells
      for a number of passages at high density without apparent cellular degeneration.
      FGF increased the rate of cell division and the plating efficiency for trabecular
      cells but was not needed after cells had achieved confluency. Human trabecular
      cells had a pattern of growth which differed from human corneal keratocytes and
      human corneal endothelial cells compared at a similar passage. Propagation of
      human trabecular cells in vitro may provide a valuable source of experimental
      material to study the functional aspects of these cells which line the trabecular
      meshwork.

PMID- 383641
TI  - Remarks on the acceptance of the Friedenwald Memorial Award (Vinkat N. Reddy).

PMID- 383642
TI  - Presentation of the Proctor Medal For Research in Vision and Ophthalmology to
      Gerald Westheimer.

PMID- 383643
TI  - The present status of imaging of the gallbladder.
AB  - Oral cholecystography is still the basic modality for the diagnosis of
      gallbladder disease. Now, for the first time since the introduction of this
      procedure in 1924, this status is being challenged by another diagnostic
      technique, ultrasonography of the gall bladder. Ultrasound studies have major
      advantages over conventional cholecystography. These are sufficiently important
      that it can be safely predicted that ultrasonography will eventually become the
      primary diagnostic tool for evaluating the gallbladder. Just as the use of
      colonoscopy has provoked a new analysis of the barium enema examination in the
      evaluation of the colon, the introduction of ultrasound examination of the
      gallbladder has revealed the fact that false-negative oral cholecystograms are
      not rare. Before ultrasonography this information was unobtainable, because of
      the surgeon's proper reluctance to perform a cholecystectomy in patients with
      normal oral cholecystograms. Indeed, the availability of an accurate alternate
      diagnostic procedure has stimulated a reevaluation of other difficulties
      associated with oral cholecystography. These include problems involved with non
      visualization and impaired visualization of the gallbladder after a single dose
      of contrast material, misunderstandings concerning the uses of oral
      cholecystography compared to those for intravenous cholangiography and
      uncertainty regarding the value of cholecystokinin cholecystography in the
      diagnosis of acalculous cholecystitis. Knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of the
      oral cholecystographic contrast agents has been long overdue, considering the
      extensive use of these compounds in clinical practice for more than 50 years.
      However, information on this subject has finally reached a stage where the data
      can be applied to ensure that cholecystography is done with maximun efficiency
      and safety and with the least radiation exposure. The purpose of this report is
      to review the problems involved with imaging of the gallbladder by oral
      cholecystography and to discuss the indications, interpretation and accuracy of
      gallbladder imaging with ultrasonography. Data concerning the use of computerized
      tomography for evaluation of the gallbladder are still preliminary but are
      discussed.

PMID- 383644
TI  - The utilization of xeroradiography for radiography of cross-section of thin
      cadaveric slices.
AB  - Although xeroradiography has had many medical applications, its utilization and
      the advantages it offers in the study of cadaveric sections has not previously
      been fully explored. It was our purpose to determine possible advantages or
      disadvantages this modality might have for this purpose. The edge enhancement
      which xeroradiography allows is a distinct advantage since the various anatomic
      structures become more clearly defined. On the other hand, the hollow viscera and
      the lumina of blood vessels are not enhanced, but rather blend with the walls of
      these "hollow" structures. Also, there is some loss of detail in the depiction of
      some of the glandular structures, such as the seminal vesicles. An artist's
      assistance to define these by comparison with the gross specimen gives us an
      optimum result. An x-ray enhanced image is thereby attained which exceeds the
      usual line drawing or artist's depiction of the cross-sectional specimen, and
      both can be similarly labeled for study.

PMID- 383645
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy and the surface morphology of human leukocytes:
      current status.
AB  - This illustrated review summarizes the current status of knowledge relating to
      the surface morphology of leukocytes as seen by scanning electron microscopy
      (SEM). Problems of SEM interpretation and controversial issues are discussed. In
      addition, this report briefly reviews the factors that are known to influence the
      surface architecture of these cells and summarizes SEM findings in the leukemias.

PMID- 383646
TI  - Immunocytochemical studies of human myeloma cells by light and electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Demonstration of atypical plasma cells in bone marrow and extramedullary sites is
      the conventional cytological criterion for the diagnosis of human myeloma and
      assessment of its development. By immunocytochemical methods, it is possible to
      demonstrate in the blood of myeloma patients the occurrence of mononuclear cells,
      which manufacture and express idiotypic determinants (Id+) of the patient's own
      myeloma protein. These circulating Id+ cells have a polymorphic ultrastructure
      ranging from that of atypical lymphocytes to lymphoblastic-lymphoplasmacytoid and
      plasmacytoid cells. Our observations in several patients indicate that monitoring
      the blood levels of Id+ and Ig+ cells is a sensitive probe for following the
      development of the disease.

PMID- 383647
TI  - Immunoelectron microscopy and immunocytochemistry in pathology, with special
      reference to immunoglobulin-producing cells.
AB  - The advantage of immunoelectron microscopy (immuno-EM) is that it allows the
      simultaneous detection of surface and internal cell components. The
      immunoperoxidase method is often more suitable than immunoferritin. There are no
      major difficulties in staining surface antigens by immuno-EM, provided sufficient
      amounts of pure antibodies are available for coupling to peroxidase. Prior
      fixation of cells, with faxatives that preserve the antigenicity of surface
      components, avoids ligand-induced alterations of the surface components. It is
      believed that, unlike the surface, intracellular antigens are difficult to stain
      by immuno-EM because of the poor penetration of conjugates into fixed cells;
      thus, various technical approaches have been proposed by workers involved in
      tissue immuno-EM. In fact, the method that we initially devised for the surface
      staining of fixed cell suspensions has proved to detect specifically
      intracellular immunoglobulins in B cells obtained from patients with
      proliferative diseases. Thus, conjugates do penetrate into fixed cells, although
      by an unknown mechanism. On this basis, it is possible to study both surface and
      intracellular immunoglobulins at the EM level and to determine the precise
      localization synthesis.

PMID- 383648
TI  - An alternative to cast bridgework in selected cases.

PMID- 383649
TI  - Forced transfer to custodial care. Commentary.

PMID- 383650
TI  - Forced transfer to custodial care. Commentary.

PMID- 383651
TI  - Forced transfer to custodial care. Commentary.

PMID- 383652
TI  - Can science and ethics be reconnected?

PMID- 383653
TI  - The multiple connections between science and ethics.

PMID- 383654
TI  - The fetus as organ farm.

PMID- 383655
TI  - [Psoriatic osteoarthropathy].

PMID- 383656
TI  - [Cosmus Conrad Cuno (1652-1745) on a human ectoparasite: the head louse].
AB  - Cosmus Conrad Cuno, a less well known optician and inventor of microscopes from
      the second half of the 17th century, published in 1734 at Augsburg his
      Observationes durch dessen verfertigte Microscopia where along with various
      observations he communicated salient details pertaining to the biology of the
      head louse.

PMID- 383657
TI  - [The 65th birthday of Joachim Johann Herzberg].

PMID- 383658
TI  - School health 1896--1921.

PMID- 383660
TI  - Abnormal hemoglobins caused by deletions: a review.

PMID- 383659
TI  - Pulmonary nursing, 1900--1979, and future projections.

PMID- 383661
TI  - Consecutive demonstration of catecholamines and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase within
      the same specimen.
AB  - A combined method was developed for characterization and differentiation of
      catecholamines in neuron populations containing more than one catecholamine, e.g.
      dopamine and norepinephrine. Its application to small intensely fluorescent (SIF
      ) cell clusters in sympathetic ganglia allows the successive demonstration of
      glyoxylic acid-induced catecholamine fluorescence and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase
      by indirect immunofluorescence within the same tissue section. Applying this
      technique to an example, two types of SIF-cells were demonstrated in the guinea
      pig superior cervical ganglion.

PMID- 383662
TI  - Gut-type glucagon immunoreactivity in nerves of the rat brain.
AB  - Nerve fibers reacting with antisera demonstrating gut-type glucagon were numerous
      in certain areas of hypothalamus and thalamus but absent from neocortex and
      hippocampus. They did not react with glucagon antisera specific for pancreatic
      type glucagon. Immunoreactive cell bodies were not observed.

PMID- 383663
TI  - Calcium, zinc and other elements in islet and exocrine tissue of the rat pancreas
      as measured by histochemical methods and electron-probe micro-analysis, Effects
      of fasting and tolbutamide.
AB  - Fasting for 24 or 72 h causes a strong decrease of pancreatic islet calcium
      content as detected by glyoxal-bis-(2-hydroxyanil), (GBHA). There is strong
      evidence that GBHA only detects ionized calcium and not total calcium (Wolters et
      al., 1979). Fasting does not influence the zinc content as detected by dithizone
      (DZN), and aldehyde-fuchsin (AF) staining intensity is only slightly decreased.
      After degranulation of islets by tolbutamide (which reduced the insulin content
      of the pancreas to 10% of the control value) the staining intensities of GBHA,
      DZN and AF were strongly depressed. Calcium (as well as other elements) were also
      measured by electron-probe micro-analysis (EPMA). It appeared that 24 or 72 h of
      fasting did neither affect the total content of Ca nor of Na, P, S, and K of the
      islets significantly. In exocrine tissue the Ca content increased gradually as a
      result of fasting. Thus, after 72 h of fasting the Ca content was 25% higher than
      in fed controls. On the other hand after 72 h of fasting the K content appeared
      to be decreased. EPMA revealed that after degranulation of islets the Ca content
      decreased markedly (35%). S appeared to be decreased by only 14%, whereas the
      content of the other elements was not changed. The results show that GBHA
      detectable Ca is only a part of EPMA-detectable Ca. The GBHA-Ca "pool" which
      contains ionized Ca, is subjected to changes when the animals are fasted, the
      total Ca content as measured by EPMA does not change. Thus, at least two
      distinguishable pools of Ca exist within the islets (GBHA-detectable and not-GBHA
      detectable). It is suggested that as a result of fasting Ca passes from one pool
      to another.

PMID- 383664
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of renin in mouse kidney.
AB  - The distribution of renin in mouse kidney was examined in immunohistochemical
      studies by using an antiserum against pure mouse submaxillary renin and the
      peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique. At antibody dilutions from 1:10(4) to
      1:10(6), renin was found in high concentrations in the epitheloid cells of the
      vasa afferentia and, in lower concentrations, in the wall of some of the vasa
      efferentia. Renin was also detected in most of the interlobular arteries.
      Mesangial cells and Goormaghtigh cells were always free of specific staining. At
      high antiserum concentrations (i.e., dilutions from 1:10(2) to 1:10(4)) specific
      reaction product was also observed in the apical part of proximal tubule cells.
      This staining may represent filtered and pinocytozed renin.

PMID- 383665
TI  - Comparative investigation of the mixed aggregation immunocytochemical technique
      and the indirect peroxidase technique for the detection of prostate specific acid
      phosphatase in paraffin or paraplast sections.
AB  - The results obtained with the indirect peroxidase technique for the
      identification of prostate specific acid phosphatase in formalin fixed, paraffin
      or paraplast embedded autopsy material are compared with the results obtained
      with the mixed aggregation immuno-cytochemical technique. When using a
      monospecific antiserum the former technique is prefered. However, when a
      monospecific antiserum is not available, one has to balance the advantages of the
      mixed aggregation immuno-cytochemical technique against the disadvantages of
      having to prepare a monospecific antiserum, necessary for the indirect peroxidase
      technique. Both methods appeared positive in 20 prostatic carcinomas and in 36
      metastases of prostatic carcinomas. In the epithelium of the seminal vesicles and
      in osteoclasts no acid phosphatase could be detected with the antiserum. A
      comparison of both techniques, as well as different types of preincubation to
      diminish nonspecific background staining are discussed.

PMID- 383666
TI  - Effect of fixation on the antigenicity of human lactoferrin in paraffin-embedded
      tissues and cytocentrifuged cell smears.
AB  - Immunoperoxidase techniques were used to study the preservation of the
      antigenicity of human lactoferrin (LF) of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and
      various exocrine glandular cells in paraffin-embedded tissue blocks and
      cytocentrifuged cell smears. Tissues fixed in Carnoy's fluid in contrast to other
      fixatives used, showed good preservation of LF antigenicity irrespective of the
      fixation time. Cell smears fixed in Carnoy's fluid showed diffuse nuclear and
      cytoplasmic staining for LF, although morphologic integrity was poorly preserved.
      Granular cytoplasmic staining for LF with no staining of nuclei was seen in cell
      smears fixed in buffered formol acetone for 2--10 min. The nature of nuclear LF
      staining and future applications of the present methods are discussed.

PMID- 383667
TI  - [Hearing results following tympanoplasty (author's transl)].
AB  - Tympanoplasty can produce a stable hearing improvement in many patients with
      chronically inflamed ears. In our series of patients, severe damage to the inner
      ear following surgery occurred in 3% patients and was associated with a hearing
      loss of greater than 15 dB. Complete hearing loss occurred in 0.2% of the
      patients reviewed. In patients with an intact ossicular chain, simple
      myringoplasty is associated with the best results. Loss of the stapedial arches
      affects the postoperative air-bone gap most significantly, while loss of the
      manubrium mallei or the creation of a radical mastoid cavity are additional
      negative factors. Extent or localization of ossicular fixation has no direct
      influence on hearing results when appropriate ossicular reconstruction is
      performed.

PMID- 383668
TI  - [Echinococcus cysticus infections in the head and neck (author's transl)].
AB  - An unusual case of Echinococcus cysticus infection of the neck, face and skull is
      reported. The disease was misdiagnosed for several years as tuberculosis of the
      lymph nodes and consequently incorrectly treated. Definitive therapy required
      radical surgery.

PMID- 383669
TI  - The McCannel suture: a bimanual technique.
AB  - The bimanual technique utilizing the iris manipulator and a full air bubble
      allows excellent control of anterior chamber depth and IOL position. It also
      minimizes the risk of trauma to the underlying lens, posterior capsule or
      vitreous during placement of iris sutures; and its use may prevent the tragedy of
      severe endothelial damage during insertion of the McCannel suture.

PMID- 383670
TI  - Some considerations in teaching geriatric dentistry.

PMID- 383671
TI  - Transitions in gene activity during development of muscle fibers.

PMID- 383672
TI  - Follicular development and function of induced corpora lutea in underfed
      postpartum anestrous beef cows.

PMID- 383673
TI  - Factors that influence the iodine content of milk and meat: a review.

PMID- 383674
TI  - The intestinal microflora of poultry and game birds during life and after
      storage. Address of the president of the Society for Applied Bacteriology
      delivered at a meeting of the society on 10 January 1979.

PMID- 383675
TI  - Nitrogen fixation in a biotype of Erwinia herbicola resembling Escherichia coli.

PMID- 383676
TI  - A comparison of the fluorescent antibody method and a standardized cultural
      method for the detection of salmonellas.

PMID- 383677
TI  - Resistogram method for differentiation of strains of Candida albicans.

PMID- 383678
TI  - A note on the range of Escherichia coli O-serotypes causing clinical bovine
      mastitis and their antibiotic resistance spectra.

PMID- 383679
TI  - Are wall-defective microbial variants important in clinical infectious diseases?

PMID- 383680
TI  - Pioneer work on the 'penicillin phenomenon', 1870-1876.

PMID- 383681
TI  - Comparison of disc zone sizes with minimum inhibitory concentrations using
      semisynthetic penicillin.

PMID- 383682
TI  - Development of culture vessel for sterility testing of bandages and other medical
      devices.
AB  - A cylindrical glass culture vessel equipped with a vented nylon closure was
      developed and evaluated for sterility testing. The sterility testing cylinder
      (STC), made in 2 sizes, accommodates 250 or 400 mL culture broth. A tight
      fitting, skirted nylon cap protects the upper part of the cylinder, and a
      membrane filter in a recessed opening allows venting during autoclaving and
      ensures sterility during removal and replacement of the cap. The configuration of
      the vessel in terms of the opening size and ratio of the horizontal to vertical
      cross section provides depths desirable for testing many shapes of medical
      devices, including elongated and narrow ones, without excessive waste of medium.
      They are easy to charge with medium, and to autoclave, store, inoculate, and
      observe for growth.

PMID- 383683
TI  - Small arrays of electron-dense cylinders in Escherichia coli cells.
AB  - Electron microscopy of unstained Escherichia coli cells from cultures kept near 0
      degrees C after incubation at 37 degrees C revealed small areas of geometrically
      arranged electron-dense cylinders. Their morphology, organization, and occurrence
      are described.

PMID- 383684
TI  - New tool for studying interactions of components of ribonucleic acid polymerase:
      rifampin-dependent mutants.
AB  - Mutants of Escherichia coli showing a rifampin-dependent phenotype were isolated
      from cells of strain CP78 mutagenized with ethyl methane sulfonate or
      nitrosoguanidine when an antibiotic underlay technique was used. The mutants
      varied greatly in their rifampin requirement. The minimum necessary concentration
      ranged from 1 to 50 micrograms/ml. The mutants could be divided into four
      phenotypic classes. These dependent mutants and their revertants should be a
      useful tool for probing interactions between the component polypeptides of
      ribonucleic acid polymerase and for studying the linkage of transcription with
      other cellular processes.

PMID- 383686
TI  - his-Linked hydrogen sulfide locus of Salmonella typhimurium and its expression in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - A his-linked H2S locus of Salmonella typhimurium has been further defined by
      direct isolation of H2S mutants. Expression of this locus in Escherichia coli has
      been demonstrated.

PMID- 383685
TI  - Effect of transcription on RecBC- and RecF-mediated recombination within the
      tryptophan operon of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Recombination between tryptophan gene mutations within the trp operon was
      determined among transductants for an outside linked cysB marker under conditions
      of repression and derepression. These studies, carried out with recipient strains
      utilizing the RecBC or RecF pathway, or a combination of these pathways of
      recombination, demonstrate that transcription of trp genes as regulated by the
      trp repressor has no significant effect on RecBC- or RecF-mediated recombination
      within the trp operon.

PMID- 383687
TI  - Interaction between mutant alleles of araC of the Escherichia coli B/r L
      arabinose operon.
AB  - Strains were constructed that contain mutational alterations affecting two
      distinct functional domains within the araC gene protein. The araCi (catabolite
      repression insensitivity) and araCh (catabolite repression hypersensitivity)
      mutations were used to alter the catabolite repression sensitivity domain, and
      mutation to D-fucose resistance was used to alter the inducer binding domain.
      araCh, D-fucose-resistant double mutants never exhibited constitutive ara operon
      expression, whereas all of the araCi, D-fucose-resistant double mutants did
      exhibit constitutivity. When L-arabinose was used as an inducer, most of the
      double mutants exhibited the sensitivity to catabolite repression associated with
      the araCi or araCh mutation. However, when D-fucose was used as an inducer,
      changes in sensitivity to catabolite repression were observed that were
      attributed to interactions between the two protein domains. The roles of
      catabolite activator protein and araC gene protein in the induction of the araBAD
      operon were discussed.

PMID- 383688
TI  - Growth-rate-dependent alteration of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and glucose
      6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - The levels of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and glucose 6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase are subject to metabolic regulation; they increased three- to
      fivefold with increasing growth rate.

PMID- 383689
TI  - The ends of Tn10 are not IS3.
AB  - By heteroduplex and hybridization analysis we showed that the inverted repetition
      (here called IS10) at the ends of the translocatable tetracycline resistance
      element Tn10 is not IS3, as had previously been reported by Ptashne and Cohen (J.
      Bacteriol. 122:776--781, 1975). Further analysis confirmed the homology between
      IS3 and the alpha beta sequence of F and demonstrated that IS10 was not present
      in the genomes of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 or Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 383690
TI  - Two Escherichia coli chromosomal cistrons, sfrA and sfrB, which are needed for
      expression of F factor tra functions.
AB  - Twelve mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 have been isolated which carry
      chromosomal mutations that exhibit pleiotropic effects on the expression of F
      factor tra cistrons. F pilus synthesis, deoxyribonucleic acid transfer, and
      surface exclusion are all inhibited. Six of the mutants carry sfrA mutations, and
      six carry sfrB mutations. sfrA and sfrB are cistrons mapping near thr and metE,
      respectively. Several F-like plasmids are dependent on sfrA and on sfrB for
      expression of tra cistrons. Plasmids of incompatibility groups C and S are only
      dependent on sfrB,and other conjugative plasmids are dependent on neither. sfrB
      mutations also result in changes in certain cell envelope properties, including
      change sensitivity to certain bacteriophages which use lipopolysaccharide as a
      receptor, synthesis of nonfunctional flagella, and altered sensitivity to
      antibiotics.

PMID- 383691
TI  - Escherichia coli murein-DD-endopeptidase insensitive to beta-lactam antibiotics.
AB  - A novel endopeptidase degrading the peptide cross-links in sacculi has been
      isolated from Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. The enzyme has a
      molecular weight of 30,000 and, in contrast to already known enzymes of similar
      specificity, remains fully active in the presence of beta-lactam antibiotics. In
      addition, it is exceptional in being inhibited by single-stranded
      deoxyribonucleic acid and by some polynucleotides. The possible role of the
      enzyme in cell division is discussed.

PMID- 383692
TI  - Isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli K-12 mutants unable to induce
      the adaptive response to simple alkylating agents.
AB  - When Esherichia coli cells are exposed to a low level of simple alkylating
      agents, they induce the adaptive response which renders them more resistant to
      the killing and the mutagenic effects of the same or other alkylating agents.
      This paper describes the isolation of one strain that was deficient in mutagenic
      adaptation and five that were deficient in both mutagenic and killing adaptation,
      confirming previous suggestions that killing and mutagenic adaptation are, at
      least to some extent, separable. These six strains have been called Ada mutants.
      They were more sensitive to the killing and mutagenic effects of N-methy-N'-nitro
      N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) than the unadapted Ada+ parent. Thus, the adaptation
      pathway is responsible for circumventing some alkylation-induced damage even in
      cells that are preinduced. The increase in mutation frequency seen in Ada cells
      treated with MNNG was the same whether the cells were lexA+ or lexA, showing that
      the extra mutations found in Ada- strains do not depend upon the SOS pathway. Ada
      strains accumulated more O6-methyl guanine lesions than the Ada+ parent on
      prolonged exposure to MNNG, and this supports the idea that O6-methyl guanine is
      the most important lesion for MNNG-induced mutagenesis. The ada mutations have
      been shown to map in the 47 to 53-min region of the E. coli chromosome.

PMID- 383693
TI  - Incompatibility group P-1 bla+ plasmids do not increase penicillin resistance of
      Pseudomonas acidovorans.
AB  - Incompatibility group P-1 plasmids with the bla+ genotype were transferred from
      various Escherichia coli strains to Pseudomonas acidovorans strain 29. When
      resistance to ampicillin was used as the criterion, none of these plasmids
      appeared able to express their Bla+ phenotype in this host. When the plasmids
      were subsequently transferred back from these ampicillin-sensitive P. acdiovorans
      transcipients to E. coli strains, it was found that the Bla+ phenotype was again
      expressed. Although beta-lactamase was not detected in cultures of P. acidovorans
      transcipients, macroiodometric determinations of beta-lactamase activity made on
      broken cell suspensions revealed that beta-lactamase was indeed synthesized. It
      was concluded that P. acidovorans strain 29 allows expression of the bla gene
      within the cell but that this organism is unable to excrete the enzyme.

PMID- 383694
TI  - Properties of Escherichia coli mutants altered in calcium/proton antiport
      activity.
AB  - Mutants sensitive to growth inhibition by CaCl2 were found to have alterations in
      calcium uptake in everted membrane vesicles. These mutations map at different
      loci on the Escherichia coli chromosomes. A mutation at the calA locus results in
      vesicles which have two- to threefold higher levels of uptake activity than
      vesicles from wild-type cells. The calA mutation is phenotypically expressed as
      increased sensitivity to CaCl2 in a strain also harboring a mutation in the corA
      locus, which is involved in Mg2+ transport. The calA locus maps very close to
      purA and cycA at about min 97. The calB mutation results both in sensitivity to
      CaCl2 at pH 5.6 and in vesicles with diminished calcium transport capability. The
      CalB phenotype is also expressed only in a corA genetic background; the calB
      locus appears to map very near, yet separately from, the calA locus. When the
      cor+ allele is present, calA and calB mutations still result in a defect in
      calcium transport in vesicles. In addition, both calC and calD mutations result
      in vesicles with impaired calcium transport activity. calC is cotransducible with
      kdp and nagA, whereas calD is cotransducible with proC.

PMID- 383695
TI  - Protein K: a new major outer membrane protein found in encapsulated Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - The protein composition of purified outer membranes of 47 Escherichia coli
      strains was examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gradient gel
      electrophoresis. Of 33 encapsulated strains, all contained an outer membrane
      protein distinguishable from previously reported proteins. The 14 non
      encapsulated strains with one exception lacked this protein. Because of its
      apparent association with encapsulation (K antigen) we have named it K protein.
      The protein was purified nearly to homogeneity by chromatography in the presence
      of detergents, and its composition was determined. Its amino acid composition
      does not differ significantly from that reported for protein I, another E. coli
      major outer membrane protein. Furthermore, the N-terminal amino acid sequence of
      protein K indicates that it is related to protein I.

PMID- 383696
TI  - Ribosomal ribonucleic acid isolated from Salmonella typhimurium: absence of the
      intact 23S species.
AB  - Ribonucleic acid (RNA) isolated by four distinct methods and from a variety of
      Salmonella typhimurium strains lacked intact 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). On sucrose
      gradients which minimize aggregation, the vast majority of S. typhimurium rRNA
      sedimented as a 16S peak with a 14S shoulder. RNA from this region of the
      gradient was resolved into three discrete bands by electrophoresis in formamide.
      Two very minor S. typhimurium RNA peaks were resolved at 21S and 10S on sucrose
      gradients, and each peak formed discrete bands in electrophoresis. It is
      concluded that if S. typhimurium does possess an intact 23S rRNA species, this
      species is extremely "labile." The absence of isolatable S. typhimurium 23S rRNA
      possibly reflected in vivo processing of the rRNA before isolation. Under certain
      conditions, S. typhimurium rRNA formed discrete aggregates which sedimented
      similarly to intact Escherichia coli 23S rRNA.

PMID- 383698
TI  - Metabolic suppressors of trimethoprim and ultraviolet light sensitivities of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae rad6 mutants.
AB  - Dominant mutations at two newly identified loci, designated SRS1 and SRS2, that
      metabolically suppress the trimethoprim sensitivity of rad6 and rad18 strains,
      have been isolated from trimethoprim-resistant mutants arising spontaneously in
      rad6-1 rad18-2 strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The SRS2 mutations
      also efficiently suppress the ultraviolet light sensitivity of the parent
      strains. They do not, however, suppress their sensitivity to ionizing radiation
      or their deficiency with respect to induced mutagenesis and sporulation. Such
      observations support the hypothesis that RAD6-dependent activities can be
      separated into two functionally distinct groups: a group of error-free repair
      activities that are responsible for a large amount of the radiation resistance of
      wild-type strains and also for their resistance to trimethoprim, and a group of
      error-prone activities that are responsible for induced mutagenesis and are also
      important in sporulation, but which account at best for only a very small amount
      of wild-type recovery.

PMID- 383697
TI  - Cistrons encoding Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin.
AB  - The structure and products of the two cistrons encoding the Escherichia coli heat
      labile toxin (LT) were studied. The LT deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) region had
      been isolated as part of a DNA fragment from the plasmid P307, and this fragment
      was joined to the cloning vector pBR313. Deletion mutations of various lengths
      were introduced into the LT DNA region and into the adjacent DNA sequences.
      Analysis of the deletions indicated that the maximum size of the LT DNA region
      was 1.2 x 10(6) daltons. Two proteins of 11,500 daltons and 25,500 daltons had
      been shown to be encoded by the LT DNA region. The functions of these LT gene
      products were investigated. The 11,500-dalton protein had an adsorption activity
      for Y-1 adrenal cells, and this protein was shown to form aggregates of four or
      five monomers. The 25,500-dalton protein was shown to have an adenylate cyclase
      activating activity. The two cistrons encoding for each of the LT proteins have
      been located on a genetic map of the LT DNA region. Both cistrons are probably
      transcribed from the same promoter.

PMID- 383699
TI  - Two mutations which affect the barrier function of the Escherichia coli K-12
      outer membrane.
AB  - Two genetically distinct classes of novobiocin-supersensitive mutants were
      isolated from Escherichia coli K-12. One class, given the phenotypic name NbsA,
      lies at 10 min on the E. coli chromosome. The order of the genes in this region,
      based on transductional analyses, is proC NbsA plsA purE. The second, NbsB, lies
      at 80 min. The order of the genes in this region, based on transduction analyses,
      is xyl cysE NbsB pyrE. Both classes of mutants show increased sensitivity to
      hydrophobic drugs but are different: NbsA cells tend to be more sensitive to
      cationic agents, whereas NbsB cells show the opposite tendency. The sole
      detectable biochemical alteration in NbsA strain is greater than 90% reduction in
      the phosphate content of the lipid A region of the lipopolysaccharide. The NbsB
      mutation results in lipopolysaccharide that contains primarily the stereoisomer D
      glycero-D-mannoheptose, rather than L-glycero-D-mannoheptose, and which contains
      very little of the distal sugars. Since NbsA strains have apparently normal outer
      membrane proteins and total cellular phospholipids, changes solely in
      lipopolysaccharide can increase permeability to certain hydrophobic antibiotics.
      Complementation studies indicate that the NbsA marker is probably allelic with
      acrA. In addition, the NbsB marker is genetically and phenotypically similar to
      the rfaD locus of Salmonella typhimurium. For this reason, the phenotypic
      designations NbsA and NbsB have been changed to the genotypic designations acrA
      and rfaD, respectively.

PMID- 383700
TI  - Oxalurate transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Oxalurate, the gratuitous inducer of the allantoin degradative enzymes, was taken
      into the cell by an energy-dependent active transport system with an apparent Km
      of 1.2 mM. Efflux of previously accumulated oxalurate was rapid, with a half-life
      of about 2 min. The oxalurate uptake system appears to be both constitutively
      produced and insensitive to nitrogen catabolite repression. The latter
      observations suggest that failure of oxalurate to bring about induction of
      allophanate hydrolase in cultures growing under repressive conditions does not
      result from inducer exclusion, but rather from repression of dur1,2 gene
      expression.

PMID- 383701
TI  - Specificity in formation of type II F' plasmids.
AB  - Eight new F' plasmids derived from Hfr strains in which F is integrated at the
      chromosomal element alpha 3 beta 3 have been isolated and subjected to
      restriction enzyme, hybridization, and electron microscope heteroduplex analysis.
      Plasmids carrying extensive amounts of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid were
      produced even though they were obtained by selection for transfer of lac, which
      is closely linked to F in the parental Hfr strains. Seven plasmids were type II
      Flac+ proC+ purE+ plasmids, and one was a type I Flac+ proC+ plasmid. Five of the
      Flac+ proC+ purE+ plasmids contain approximately 284 kilobases of bacterial
      deoxyribonucleic acid, which is identical for all five within the resolution of
      the restriction enzyme analysis. Theses results indicate that type II F' plasmids
      are the predominant tra+ F' type from this region of the Escherichia coli K-12
      chromosome and that the recombination events leading to formation of these
      plasmids exhibit site specificity.

PMID- 383702
TI  - Mutation spoT of Escherichia coli increases expression of the histidine operon
      deleted for the attenuator.
AB  - F'-episomes carrying the Salmonella typhimurium wild-type or attenuator-deleted
      histidine (his) operons were introduced into Escherichia coli strains containing
      relA or spoT single and double mutations known to affect guanosine 3'-diphosphate
      5'-diphosphate (ppGpp) and guanosine 3'-triphosphate 5'-diphosphate (pppGpp)
      levels. Expression of the his operon and expression of the gene for 6
      phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (gnd) were measured during balanced growth in
      amino acid-rich and minimal media. The data were consistent with the
      interpretation that ppGpp is a positive effector of his operon expression,
      whereas pppGpp is not an essential effector. The conclusion that his operon
      expression is maximally stimulated at a lower than maximum intracellular ppGpp
      concentration was further confirmed. Neither ppGpp nor pppGpp appeared to
      influence gnd gene expression. The metabolic regulation of the E. coli his operon
      was found to be similar to the ppGpp-meidated metabolic regulation of the S.
      typhimurium his operon.

PMID- 383703
TI  - Replacement of acrylic facings on a fixed partial prosthesis.

PMID- 383704
TI  - Trazodone, a new antidepressant: efficacy and safety in endogenous depression.
AB  - The effectiveness of trazodone was assessed over a 4-week period under double
      blind conditions. Twenty-eight inpatients with a diagnosis of endogenous
      depression received either trazodone, imipramine, or placebo. Trazodone was
      significantly better than placebo and frequently better than imipramine according
      to analyses of the results of the Hamilton Psychiatric Scale for Depression,
      severity of illness and clinical global improvement ratings, and the Global Ward
      Behavior Scale. Significant improvement was evident in the trazodone group by the
      end of the first week of therapy, particularly in those symptoms associated with
      depression and accompanying anxiety. There were fewer side effects with trazodone
      than with imipramine.

PMID- 383705
TI  - Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase of Escherichia coli. Effect of proteolytic
      modification on the catalytic and regulatory propties.
AB  - Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from Escherichia coli W was treated with ten
      proteases, and the effects of the treatments on the enzyme activity and
      sensitivity to effectors were investigated. Proteases such as trypsin, alpha
      chymotrypsin, papain, and subtilisin inactivated the enzyme, whereas elastase,
      carboxypeptidase Y and leucine aminopeptidase had no effect on the enzyme
      activity. Elastase and carboxypeptidase Y, however, inactivated the enzyme in the
      presence of 1 m urea. Subtilisin and alpha-chymotrypsin caused not only
      inactivation of the enzyme but also a significant desensitization to the
      effectors. DL-Phospholactate, a potent competitive inhibitor, markedly protected
      the enzyme from inactivation by subtilisin but did not protect it from
      desensitization to the effectors. Acetyl-CoA, fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate, and GTP
      the allosteric activators--protected the enzyme from subtilisin inactivation,
      while laurate, the other allosteric activator, accelerated the inactivation.
      These activators did not protect the enzyme from desensitization to themselves.
      In contrast, modification with subtilisin in the present of l-aspartate, the
      allosteric inhibitor, caused an apparent transient activation of the enzyme. The
      enzyme modified in the presence of L-aspartate retained its sensitivity to L
      aspartate, but the sensitivities to the other effectors were reduced to about one
      half their initial values. Based on these results, a possible mode of
      desensitization of the enzyme by subtilisin modification and the possible
      existence of a multiplicity of conformational states of the enzyme, induced upon
      binding with the various effectors, are discussed.

PMID- 383706
TI  - Purification and properties of glyoxylate reductase I from baker's yeast.
AB  - The purification and properties of NADPH-linked glyoxylate reductase [EC 1. 1. 1.
      79] from baker's yeast were studied. Two active fractions (peak I and peak II)
      were isolated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The peak I fraction was
      purified to homogeneity by the criteria of disc gel electrophoresis and
      tentatively designated glyoxylate reductase I. Its molecular weight was
      calculated to be 31,000 from gel filtration measurements. The enzyme reduced
      glyoxylate 7 times faster than hydroxypyruvate and was specific for NADPH. The
      enzyme showed optimum activity between pH 5.5 and 7.2. The Michaelis constants
      for glyoxylate and NADPH were found to be 13 mM and 4 microM, respectively. The
      enzymic activity was not significantly affected by anions, except for nitrate and
      iodide, which were inhibitory.

PMID- 383707
TI  - Distribution of phospholipid molecular species in outer and cytoplasmic membrane
      of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The outer membrane of Escherichia coli K-12 contained a smaller proportion of
      phospholipid molecular species with two unsaturated fatty acyl chains than did
      the cytoplasmic membrane. Proportions of phospholipid molecular species in the
      outer and cytoplasmic membranes changed in response to temperature changes. As
      the temperature increased, the content of 1-palmitoyl-2-cis-9,10
      methylenehexadecanoyl species increased. Translocation of phospholipids from the
      cytoplasmic membrane to the outer membrane and synthesis of various molecular
      species were observed.

PMID- 383708
TI  - Studies on bacterial chemotaxis. IV. Interaction of maltose receptor with a
      membrane-bound chemosensing component.
AB  - Highly purified maltose receptor of Escherichia coli was bound to Sepharose 4B
      via a long spacer and affinity chromatography was performed to isolate the
      membrane-bound proteins having affinity for the maltose receptor. The experiments
      were carried out either in the presence of maltose or in the absence of maltose
      and the proteins absorbed on the mattix were identified by two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis. The results showed that the maltose receptor interacted with the
      product of tar gene, one of the methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins, only in the
      presence of maltose.

PMID- 383709
TI  - Leucyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli. Limited trypsinization studies and
      identification of LeuRS component "EI" as isoleucyl tRNA synthetase.

PMID- 383710
TI  - Studies on the function of two adjacent N6,N6-dimethyladenosines near the 3' end
      of 16 S ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli. I. The effect of kasugamycin on
      initiation of protein synthesis.

PMID- 383711
TI  - Studies on the function of two adjacent N6,N6-dimethyladenosines near the 3' end
      of 16 S ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli. II. The effect of the absence of the
      methyl groups on initiation of protein biosynthesis.
AB  - The effect of the presence or absence of methyl groups on the N6 atoms of two
      adjacent adenosines near the 3' end of 16 S rTNA of Escherichia coli on
      initiation of protein biosynthesis has been studied using wild type (methylated)
      and kasugamycin-resistant (unmethylated) E. coli ribosomes (see preceding paper
      (Poldermans, B., Goosen, N., and Van Knippenberg, P. H. (1979) J. Biol. Chem.
      254, 9085--9089)). Conditions of pH, temperature, and ionic strength at which
      binding of fMet-tRNA to ribosomes proceeds maximally are the same for wild type
      and mutant ribosomes. Mg2+- and factor-dependent dissociation of ribosomes as
      well as the association of the subunits is also the same for methylated and
      unmethylated ribosomes. Binding of fMet-tRNA to wild type and to mutant 70 S
      ribosomes requires the same amount of the three initiation factors. However,
      optimal fMet-tRNA binding to unmethylated 30 S ribosomes needs more of initiation
      factor 3 than does binding to methylated 30 S ribosomes, provided that initiation
      factor 1 is absent. This difference is completely abolished when mutant 30 S
      ribosomes are methylated using purified methylase from the wild type strain and
      the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine.

PMID- 383712
TI  - Studies on the function of two adjacent N6,N6-dimethyladenosines near the 3' end
      of 16 S ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli. III. Purification and properties of
      the methylating enzyme and methylase-30 S interactions.

PMID- 383713
TI  - Kinetics of the utilization of medium and long chain fatty acids by mutant of
      Escherichia coli defective in the fadL gene.
AB  - Experiments were performed to assess the role of the fadL gene in Escherichia
      coli. These studies have revealed that this organism requires a functional fadL
      gene in order to (i) transport optimally the fatty acids C10 to C18:1 into the
      cell, (ii) optimally grow on and oxidize C10 to C18:1 fatty acids, and (iii)
      incorporate efficiently C12 to C18:1 fatty acids into its membrane phospholipids.
      A defect in the fadL gene does not prevent E. coli from optimally utilizing fatty
      acids with chain lengths less than 10 carbon atoms. These results suggest that
      the fadL gene governs a transport component(s) which is required for the optimal
      transport of fatty acids with chain lengths greater than 9 carbon atoms.

PMID- 383714
TI  - Isolation of recombinant plasmids bearing cDNA to hen ovomucoid and lysozyme
      mRNAs.
AB  - A large library of hen oviduct cDNA-pCR1 recombinant plasmids has been
      established in Escherichia coli X1776. From this library, ovomucoid cDNA and
      lysozyme cDNA-bearing plasmids have been identified. One of these plasmids, pMu7,
      yielded the sequence of the 3'-untranslated region of ovomucoid mRNA.

PMID- 383715
TI  - The International Reference Preparation of Candicidin.

PMID- 383716
TI  - Bone ingrowth and stress shielding with a porous surface coated fracture fixation
      plate.
AB  - The extent of bone remodelling under metal fixation plates attached to bone by
      (i) normal screw fixation and (ii) bone ingrowth into a porous metallic surface
      underlayer sintered to the metal plate was investigated. Extensive bone
      remodelling was observed under the integrally bonded porous surface layered
      plate. This remodelling could be attributed to the more extensive stress transfer
      from bone to metal plate because of the good bone-to-implant bonding. The
      importance of stress shielding with high stiffness implants is demonstrated.

PMID- 383717
TI  - Osteonecrosis after renal transplantation in children.
AB  - Osteonecrosis occurred in nine of thirty-six children following renal
      transplantation. The distal femoral condyle was the most common location but the
      femoral head was the most symptomatic and required total hip replacement in three
      of five patients. Total steroid dosage did not correlate with the development of
      osteonecrosis. There were no cases of osteonecrosis in patients under the
      skeletal age of ten years or in patients who did not have rejection reactions. In
      three children non-progressive focal lesions developed, similar to those of
      osteochondritis dissecans.

PMID- 383718
TI  - Extraction of minerals after experimental fractures of the tibia in dogs.

PMID- 383719
TI  - Plate fixation versus conservative treatment of tibial shaft fractures. A
      randomized trial.
AB  - One hundred consecutive patients with displaced fractures of the tibial shaft
      were randomly assigned to two groups, one treated with AO-plate fixation and the
      other with conservative methods. Strictly conservative treatment failed in two
      patients because of the interposition of muscles. Comparison of the groups showed
      that a longer duration of hospital stay was needed in the AO-plate group, and
      there were also more complications in that group. However, the median healing
      time was shorter and the anatomical end results were better than in the
      conservatively treated patients. Closed longitudinal fractures were found to be
      suitable and open fractures, unsuitable for AO-plate fixation. In the group that
      was treated conservatively most fractures that healed in malalignment were
      located in the distal third of the tibial shaft.

PMID- 383720
TI  - Inheritance and spondylolisthesis: a radiographic family survey.
AB  - A radiographic suvey has been carried out of 147 first-degree relatives of forty
      seven patients treated in Edinburgh for spondylolisthesis of the fifth lumbar
      vertebra; twelve patients had the dysplastic (congenital) type and thirty-five an
      isthmic defect. The survey identified 19 per cent of relatives with
      spondylolysis, and index patients with each type of spondylolisthesis had
      relatives with the opposite type. Index patients with the dysplastic form had a
      higher proportion of affected relatives (33 per cent) than had those with the
      isthmic type (15 per cent), but both figures were significantly in excess of the
      estimated frequency for the general population of under 1 per cent and 5 per cent
      respectively. Spina bifida occulta at the fifth lumbar or first sacral level or
      both, and lumbosacral segmental defects were commoner amongst all individuals
      with spondylolysis than amongst unaffected relatives (dysplastic form 94 per
      cent, isthmic type 32 per cent, unaffected relatives 7 per cent). However, there
      was no single instance of a neural tube defect (anencephaly, spina bifida with or
      without meningocele, other generalised vertebral anomalies or spinal dysraphism)
      amongst 826 first-, second- or third-degree relatives. It is concluded that the
      developmental defects of the vertebrae associated with spondylolysis are not
      aetiologically related to the neural tube defects. The one in three risk of
      spondylolysis to near relatives of patients with the dysplastic form of
      spondylolisthesis is emphasised in order that the deformity in their sibs and
      children can be recognised at any early age.

PMID- 383721
TI  - Binding of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin to the presynaptic membrane in the
      central nervous system.
AB  - Large synaptosome fractions were isolated from the cerebellar and cerebral
      cortices of rats and were incubated with Clostridium botulinum type A neurotoxin
      in vitro. The binding of the neurotoxin to the synapses was observed by electron
      microscopy, using the double-sandwich immunocytochemical method. Botulinum
      neurotoxin was preferentially bound to the presynaptic membrane in the large
      synaptosome fraction. The binding regions for the neurotoxin were localized on
      both the extrajunctional and junctional areas of the presynaptic membranes and
      appeared as patches of various sizes. However, they did not exist on the
      postsynaptic membranes. Botulinum neurotoxin is proposed to be a useful
      analytical tool for understanding the characteristics of the presynaptic
      membranes in the central nervous system.

PMID- 383722
TI  - Isolation of the pericellular matrix of human fibroblast cultures.
AB  - The pericellular matrix of human fibroblast cultures was isolated, using
      sequential extraction with sodium deoxycholate and hypotonic buffer in the
      presence of protease inhibitor. The matrix attached to the growth substratum had
      a "sackcloth-like" structure as seen by phase contrast, immunofluorescence, and
      scanning electron microscopy, and it had a vaguely filamentous ultrastructure
      similar to that seen in intact cell layers. The matrix consisted of hyaluronic
      acid and heparan sulfate as the major glycosaminoglycan components and
      fibronectin and procollagen as major polypeptides as shown by metabolic labeling,
      gel electrophoresis, immunofluorescence, and collagenase digestion. This
      pericellular matrix can be regarded as an in vitro equivalent of the loose
      connective tissue matrix.

PMID- 383723
TI  - Cellular tumorigenicity in nude mice. Test of associations among loss of cell
      surface fibronectin, anchorage independence, and tumor-forming ability.
AB  - Fibronectin (FN; also called large external transformation-sensitive [LETS]
      protein or cell-surface protein [CSP]) is a large cell-surface glycoprotein that
      is frequently observed to be either absent or greatly reduced on the surfaces of
      malignant cells grown in vitro. Because FN may be a useful molecular marker of
      cellular malignancy, we have carried out an extensive screening to test the
      specific association among the degree of expression of FN, anchorage-independent
      growth, and tumorigenicity in the athymic nude mouse. A variety of diploid cell
      strains and established cell lines were tested for the expression of surface FN
      by indirect immunofluorescence using rabbit antisera against human cold insoluble
      globulin, rodent plasma FN, or chicken cell-surface FN. Concomitantly, the cells
      were assayed for tumor formation in nude mice and for the ability to form
      colonies in methylcellulose. Tumorigenic cells often showed very low surface
      fluorescence, confirming earlier reports. However, many highly tumorigenic
      fibroblast lines from several species stained strongly with all three antisera.
      In contrast, the anchorage-independent phenotype was nearly always associated
      with tumorigenicity in approximately 35 cell lines examined in this study. In
      another series of experiments, FN-positive but anchorage-independent cells were
      grown as tumors in nude mice and then reintroduced into culture. In five of the
      six tumor-derived cell lines, cell-surface FN was not significantly reduced; one
      such cell line showed very little surface FN. Our data thus indicate that the
      loss of cell-surface FN is not a necessary step in the process of malignant
      transformation and that the growth of FN-positive cells as tumors does not
      require a prior selection in vivo for FN-negative subpopulations.

PMID- 383724
TI  - Role of tropomyosin in actin filament formation in embryonic salamander heart
      cells.
AB  - Recessive mutant gene c in Ambystoma mexicanum embryos causes a failure of the
      heart to function even though initial heart development appears normal. An
      analysis of the constituent proteins of normal and mutant hearts by SDS-poly
      acrylamide gel electrophoresis shows that actin (43,000 daltons) is present in
      almost normal amounts, while myosin heavy chain (200,000 daltons) is somewhat
      reduced in mutants. Both SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and
      immunofluorescence studies reveal that tropomyosin is abundant in normal hearts,
      but very much reduced in mutants. Electron microscope studies of normal hearts
      show numerous well-organized myofibrils. Although mutant cardiomyocytes contain a
      few 60- and 150-A filaments, organized sacromeres are absent. Instead, amorphous
      proteinaceous collections are prominent. Previously reported heavy meromyosin
      (HMM)-binding experiments on glycerinated hearts demonstrate that most of the
      actin is contained within the amorphous collections in a nonfilamentous state,
      and the addition of HMM causes polymerization into F actin (Lemanski et al.,
      1976, J. Cell. Biol. 68:375-388). In the present study, glycerol-extracted hearts
      are incubated with tropomyosin, purified from rabbit or chicken skeletal muscle.
      This treatment causes the amorphous collections to disappear, and large numbers
      of distinct thin actin (60- to 80-A) filaments are seen in their place. Negative
      staining experiments corroborate this observation. These results suggest that the
      nonfilamentous actin located in the amorphous collections of mutant heart cells
      is induced to form into filaments with the addition of tropomyosin.

PMID- 383725
TI  - Expression of microtubule networks in normal cells, transformed cells, and their
      hybrids.
AB  - Microtubules play an important role in several cellular functions including
      cellular architecture and chromosome movement in cell division. Tubulin which
      polymerizes to form mictobules can be purified to homogeneity and used to raised
      antisera. Antisera prepared against porcine or chicken tubulin reacts well with
      mammalian tubulin. We have examined normal and transformed cells of mouse and
      human origin for microtubules by indirect immunofluorescence methods. Extensive
      networks of microtubules (MN) are easily detectable in normal and some
      transformed cells. The fixation procedure employed and the morphology and the
      cellular attachment properties seem to determine the ease of detection of MN in
      these cells. Cells derived from tumors and exhibiting several transformed
      phenotypes contained MN comparable to those of normal cells. Hybrids between
      transformed mouse cells and normal human cells were examined. They showed a
      variability in morphology, but all contained MN. These hybrids exhibited several
      transformed phenotypes. We conclude that in the cell lines we have examined there
      is no correlation between the transformed phenotypes and the organization of
      tubulin.

PMID- 383726
TI  - Changing patterns of plasma membrane-associated filaments during the initial
      phases of polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence.
AB  - By utilizing a combination of several ultrastructural techniques, we have been
      able to demonstrate differences in filament organization on the adherent plasma
      membranes of spreading and mobile PMN as well as within the extending
      lamellipodia. To follow the subplasmalemmal filaments of this small amoeboid cell
      during these kinetic events, we sheared off the upper portions of cells onto
      glass and carbon surfaces for 30 s--5 min. The exposed adherent membranes were
      immediately fixed and processed for high-resolution SEM or TEM. Whole cells were
      also examined by phase contrast microscopy, SEM, and oriented thin sections.
      Observed by SEM, the inner surface of nonadherent PMN membranes is free of
      filaments, but within 30 s of attachment to the substrate a three-dimensional,
      interlocking network of globular projections and radiating microfilaments--i.e.,
      a subplasmalemmal filament complex--is consistently demonstrable (with or without
      postfixation in OsO4). Seen by TEM, extending lamellipodia contain a felt of
      filamentous and finely granular material, distinct from the golbule/filament
      complex of the adjacent adherent membrane. In the spread cell, this golbule
      filament complex covers the entire lower membrane and increases in filament
      density over the next 2--3 min. By 3--5 min after plating, as the PMN rounds up
      before the initiation of amoeboid movements, another pattern emerges-
      circumferential bands of anastomosing filament bundles in which thick, short
      filaments resembling myosin are found. This work provides structural evidence on
      the organization of polymerized contractile elements associated with the plasma
      membrane during cellular adherence.

PMID- 383727
TI  - Ultrastructural identification of muscle fiber types by immunocytochemistry.
AB  - In a fast-twitch muscle, three types of fibers (red, intermediate, and white) can
      be distinguished on the basis of mitochondrial content. Red fibers, identified by
      abundant mitochondria, can be further differentiated on the basis of a positive
      or negative response to antibodies specific for white ("fast") myosin. Because
      there is also a difference in Z-line width among fibers of the same muscle, the
      possibility existed that the two red fibers, which differ in type of myosin,
      might also differ in dimensions of the Z line. We therefore examined, with the
      electron microscope, fibers which had been exposed to antibody against white
      myosin. In those fibers which react with the antibody, an electron-opaque band is
      evident in the H-band region, thereby distinguishing reactive from unreactive
      fibers. The red fiber can now be subdivided on the basis of a positive or
      negative response to anti-white myosin visualized directly with the electron
      microscope. Both categories of red fibers ("fast" and "slow") have wide Z lines,
      and thus are distinguished from white and intermediate fibers, which react with
      the antibody but which have narrow Z lines. On the basis of combined
      immunocytochemical and ultrastructural characteristics, four types of fibers can
      be recognized in a single muscle. Moreover, it is demonstrated here that a wide Z
      line does not necessarily imply a slow speed of contraction.

PMID- 383728
TI  - Localization of an endogenous lectin in chicken liver, intestine, and pancreas.
AB  - Extracts of adult chicken liver, pancreas, and intestine contain high levels of a
      lectin which appears to be identical to one previously purified from embryonic
      chick muscle. This lectin is virtually absent from adult muscle, but is highly
      concentrated in cells lining liver sinusoids, intestinal goblet cells, and the
      extracellular spaces surrounding pancreatic acini. These findings suggest that
      the lectin may play different roles in different tissues and at different times
      in the life of a chicken.

PMID- 383729
TI  - Redistribution of intermediate filament subunits during skeletal myogenesis and
      maturation in vitro.
AB  - The distribution of intermediate filament (IF) subunits during maturation of
      skeletal myotubes in vitro was examined by immunofluorescence, using antibodies
      against two different types of chick IF subunits: (a) 58-kdalton subunits of
      fibroblasts (anti-58K), and (b) 55-kdalton subunits of smooth muscle (anti-55K).
      Anti-58K bound to a filament network in replicating presumptive myoblasts and
      fibroblasts, as well as in immature myotubes. The distribution in immature
      myotubes was in longitudinal filaments throughout the cytoplasm. With maturation,
      staining of myotubes by anti-58K diminished and eventually disappeared. Anti-55K
      selectively stained myotubes, and the fluorescence localization underwent a
      drastic change in distribution with maturation--from dense, longitudinal
      filaments in immature myotubes to a cross-striated distribution in mature
      myotubes that was associated with the I--Z region of myofibrils. However, the
      emergence of a cross-striated anti-55K pattern did not coincide temperally with
      the emergence of striated myofibrils, but occurred over a period of days
      thereafter.

PMID- 383730
TI  - Arrest of cell membrane movements by in vitro incubation with polycation reversed
      by polyanion.
AB  - A total arrest of cell membrane movement occurred after incubation for 2 h of
      cultured fibroblasts with the polycation DEAE-dextran. The immobilized cells
      resumed normal membrane undulations after exposure for 5 min to the polyanion
      dextran-sulphate. The influence of DEAE-dextran on the electrophoretic mobility,
      which was seen after 10 min of incubation was also erased by a subsequent
      incubation with dextran-sulphate. No influence on growth of the culture was seen.

PMID- 383731
TI  - The effect of local anaesthetics and barbiturates on myogenesis and myotube
      integrity in rat skeletal muscle cultures.
AB  - Several cationic anaesthetics and barbiturates including bupivacaine, lignocaine
      and pentobarbital reversibly inhibit myoblast fusion in rat primary muscle
      cultures. The same drugs also cause disruption of myotube structure, which is
      normally complete within 2 h; fusion of myoblasts and reformation of myotubes
      takes place on removal of the drugs. The disruption of myotubes caused by
      tertiary amine anaesthetics observed in vitro appears to mimic muscle fibre
      disruption caused by the same drugs in vivo. The effects of temperature, culture
      age, medium constitution and calcium flux on anaesthetic-induced myotube
      breakdown have been examined.

PMID- 383732
TI  - Cell-to-substratum contacts in living cells: a direct correlation between
      interference-reflexion and indirect-immunofluorescence microscopy using
      antibodies against actin and alpha-actinin.
AB  - Rat mammary cells growing on glass coverslips were photographed first using
      interference-reflexion microscopy and then after processing for indirect
      immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies to actin or to alpha-actinin. A
      comparison of the images of the same cell given by the 2 microscopical procedures
      indicates that the focal contacts between the cell and the substratum correspond
      to distal ends of microfilament bundles, and the these bundles are only in
      limited areas close to the substratum. The focal contracts are rich in alpha
      actinin which has been proposed as a membrane-anchorage protein for microfilament
      bundles. Use of stereo immunofluorescence microscopy allows a direct comparison
      between the interference-reflexion image, and the underside of the cell after
      staining with antibodies to actin or alpha-actinin.

PMID- 383733
TI  - A morphological study of the interaction between Trypanosoma cruzi and rat
      eosinophils, neutrophils and macrophages in vitro.
AB  - The interaction between trypomastigotes of T. cruzi and purified rat eosinophils,
      neutrophils and macrophages has been studied. Macrophages induced by dextran,
      became infected and the parasites multiplied as amastigotes, eventually being
      released as trypomastigotes into the medium. Eosinophils show an antibody
      dependent phagocytosis, while neutrophil phagocytosis is enhanced by antibody.
      Electron microscopy showed that once inside the granulocyte phagosome, the
      trypomastigotes transform to amastigotes as a prelude to degeneration. This
      occurs as material apparently of granule origin accumulates in the phagosome.
      Eosinophils have the capacity to eject incompletely degenerated amastigotes into
      the medium. This phenomenon is discussed in relation to previous time-lapse
      cinematography studies of the lysis of chick erythrocytes by eosinophils, and
      reports that eosinophils release granule contents by means of a secretory
      vesicle.

PMID- 383734
TI  - Capping of variable antigen on Trypanosoma brucei, and its immunological and
      biological significance.
AB  - Pathogenic trypanosomes undergo antigenic variation, whereby the glycoprotein
      molecules constituting the cell coat are changed, the parasite thus evading the
      host's immune response. On application of homologous antiserum in indirect
      immunofluorescence to a given variable antigen type of Trypanosoma brucei, the
      surface variable antigen moves to the flagellar pocket region, which overlies the
      Golgi apparatus. This redistribution, or capping, is temperature-dependent,
      occurring at 37 degrees C but not at 0-4 degree C. Patching does not occur at
      either temperature. Immediately after capping no homologous or heterologous
      variable antigen, or host plasma or blood cell antigens, can be detected by
      immunofluorescence on the cell surface outside the cap; only trypanosome membrane
      common antigens can be found. It seems unlikely for two reasons that this
      antibody-induced redistribution is relevant to antigenic variation. Capping of
      the coat requires the indirect, rather than the direct, immunofluorescent method;
      a single layer of antibody, in nature, would appear to be ineffective. Also,
      capping of variable antigen of one type is followed within 3 h by appearance of
      antigen of the same, and not another, type. The necessity for 2 antibody layers
      is usually thought of as meaning that the individual molecules of the cell
      surface antigen are spaced further apart than the binding sites of an individual
      antibody molecule, so that the necessary cross-linked lattice cannot be formed,
      but on T. brucei the surface variable antigen molecules are very closely packed.
      It is proposed that one layer of antibody is ineffective for steric reasons; the
      dimensions of the exposed face of each variable antigen molecule may not permit
      the binding of more than one molecule of immunoglobulin, or perhaps the antigen
      molecules are so closely packed that most of the antigenic determinants are
      hidden from antibodies. To test this hypothesis, an attempt was made to cap
      variable antigen on trypanosomes transforming in vitro from the bloodstream to
      the procyclic (insect midgut) stage; such forms have a much less densely packed
      surface coat. Patching was observed, indicative of lattice formation, but these
      trypanosomes did not survive the in vitro manipulation long enough to permit any
      possible capping. T. brucei differs structurally from most other eukaryotic
      cells. It has no detectable microfilaments under the plasma membrane, except at
      the desmosomes in the region of flagellar binding, and it also has a pellicular
      cortex of microtubules. Capping of its surface antigen would appear then to
      differ from that on mammalian cells, either in the cellular components involved
      or in that specialized areas of the plasma membrane are involved.

PMID- 383735
TI  - Transfer of mouse nuclear envelope specific proteins to nuclei of chick
      erythrocytes during reactivation in heterokaryons with mouse A9 cells.
AB  - When chick erythrocyte nuclei are introduced into the cytoplasm of mouse A9 cells
      by cell fusion, proteins present in a fraction of the mouse nuclear envelope
      begin to appear in the envelope of the chick erythrocyte. The protein uptake was
      examined using antisera raised in chickens against the 3 major polypeptides of
      the nuclear pore complex-fibrous lamina fraction from rat liver nuclei. In
      indirect immunofluorescence studies these antisera give a strong envelope
      specific staining with various mammalian but not chicken cells. Eighteen hours
      after cell fusion the first murine antigens can be observed in the erythrocyte
      nucleus. Two days after cell fusion the vast majority of the erythrocyte nuclei
      in cell hybrids contain some antigen and by 3 days the fluorescence of the
      reactivated erythrocyte nuclei reaches a level comparable to that of the mouse A9
      nuclei. The rate of appearance of fluorescence in the chick nuclei depends upon
      the ratio of A9 cytoplasm to chick nuclei. Antigen uptake by the erythrocyte
      envelope is inhibited when protein synthesis is blocked suggesting that synthesis
      of mouse antigen, rather than a redistribution, determines the velocity or
      erythrocyte envelope reactivation. The early uptake of nucleospecific protein
      into the reactivating chick erythrocyte may not require any alteration in the
      nuclear envelope.

PMID- 383736
TI  - [Effect of commonly practiced manoeuvres in vascular microsurgery. Study under
      the scanning electron microscope (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors studied in 100 Wistar rats the manoeuvres that may commonly be
      carried out during vascular microanastomosis of diameter less than 3 mm (aorta
      and posterior vena cava): clamping for 30 to 45 minutes, bipolar
      electrocoagulation of the collateral arteries, more or less marked pinching of
      the vascular wall. The risk of thrombosis seems all the greater when: --the
      surgeon is inexperienced: viz. trauma with the forceps, parietal tears at the
      level of the stitches, two many threads passed for hemostasis (all these factors
      accentuate the fibrinoid and platelet deposits); --bipolar electrocoagulation of
      a collateral artery applied too close to the vessel to be anastomosed (less than
      1 mm.)The formation of a smooth and regular fibrinous pseudo-intima appears
      within 48 to 72 hours which may explain the elective onset of thromboses before
      this delay.

PMID- 383737
TI  - Chemical derivatization for the liquid chromatography of compounds of
      pharmaceutical interest.

PMID- 383738
TI  - Effect of LRH on gonadotropin secretion in newborn male infants.
AB  - The concentrations of LH and FSH were measured in eight male newborn babies, aged
      4-6 h, before and after the administration of 25 micrograms synthetic LHR. A
      comparison was performed with six control newborns receiving normal saline. Both
      LH and FSH rose significantly in all subjects after LHR administration. Their
      values were significantly higher than those observed during the control study.
      These data demonstrate sensitivity of the pituitary gonadotropes to synthetic LHR
      and a pubertal-type response to LH in the early hours of human life.

PMID- 383739
TI  - Assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary function in women after external head
      irradiation.

PMID- 383740
TI  - beta-Endorphin in the human pancreas.
AB  - Using a specific antiserum, beta-endorphin was quantitated in 8 human pancreas
      obtained at autopsy by radioimmunoassay and localized by immunocytochemistry. The
      mean (+/- SE) concentration of beta-endorphin in pancreatic extracts of 5 non
      diabetic adults was 13.5 +/- 9.8 ng/gm with a range of 2.1 to 52.8 ng/gm of
      tissue. Pancreatic beta-endorphin concentration in two premature infants were
      within the range found in adults. In one diabetic pancreas, there was no
      measurable beta-endorphin. Specific beta-endorphin immunofluorescence is
      localized within the pancreatic islets. This finding suggests that beta-endorphin
      may participate in intraislet regulation of pancreatic hormone secretion.

PMID- 383741
TI  - Pulsatile subcutaneous nocturnal administration of GnRH by portable infusion pump
      in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: initiation of gonadotropin responsiveness.
AB  - GnRH was administered subcutaneously in hourly pulses for 10 consecutive nights
      to two immature males with Kallmann's Syndrome using a portable, battery-operated
      infusion pump adapted for home use. Pulsatile GnRH produced a progressive
      increase in urinary gonadotropin excretion, a significant increase in mean basal
      plasma FSH, pulsatile LH release, and an increased LH response to a standard 3
      hour GnRH infusion test. One subject developed a striking increment in plasma
      testosterone in response to GnRH pulses, as well as a biphasic LH response to the
      3 hour infusion.

PMID- 383742
TI  - Evaluation of the modified API 20C system for identification of clinically
      important yeasts.
AB  - The modified API 20C system (Analytab Products, Inc.) containing 19 carbohydrate
      assimilation tests was used to identify stock cultures of clinical isolates and
      routine clinical isolates from the Mayo Clinic mycology laboratory. The system
      provided correct identifications for 96% of the 505 organisms tested. The API 20C
      represents a commercial system useful for the identification of yeasts from
      clinical specimens. Although reliable, it is not a complete system and must be
      used in conjunction with microscopic morphological features for definitive
      identification. Since the system requires 72 h for identification, it is not
      designed for the rapid presumptive identification of such organisms as
      Cryptococcus neoformans; other biochemical tests must be used for this purpose.

PMID- 383743
TI  - Methods for serotyping nasopharyngeal isolates of Haemophilus influenzae: slide
      agglutination, Quellung reaction, countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis, latex
      agglutination, and antiserum agar.
AB  - Nasopharyngeal isolates of H. influenzae were typed by the slide agglutination
      test, the Quelling reaction, the latex agglutination test, countercurrent
      immunoelectrophoresis, and the antiserum agar test. These tests gave essentially
      comparable results, with countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis and latex
      agglutination being slightly more sensitive. Cross-reactive problems encountered
      with latex agglutination and the expense of performing countercurrent
      immunoelectrophoresis or the antiserum agar test made these tests less practical
      than the slide agglutination test to identify single strains that were already
      isolated. The Quellung reaction and slide agglutination were the most rapid tests
      used to type an organism. For mass screening of multiple samples, countercurrent
      immunoelectrophoresis was the simplest technique. The antiserum agar test was
      slow but was the best technique to screen nasopharyngeal swab cultures to
      identify the presence of any encapsulated strains in the mixed flora. Whether any
      of the above techniques were as sensitive as the immunofluorescence test was not
      evaluated in this study.

PMID- 383744
TI  - Detection of Legionella pneumonophila antigen in urine by enzyme-linked
      immunospecific assay.
AB  - An enzyme-linked immunospecific assay "sandwich" technique was developed for
      detecting soluble antigen from the Legionnaires disease bacterium (Legionella
      pneumophila). With this technique, antigen was detected in urine specimens from
      guinea pigs inoculated intraperitoneally with heat-killed Legionnaires disease
      bacteria and in urine specimens from three of four patients who attended the
      American Legion Convention in Philadelphia in 1976. Urine from a fifth pneumonia
      patient who attended the Eucharistic Congress (but who was a dubious
      seroconverter) was negative. Presumably, the test could also be used for
      detecting antigen in sputum or respiratory aspirates, but this has not been tried
      to date.

PMID- 383746
TI  - Reliability of a single urine culture in establishing diagnosis of asymptomatic
      bacteriuria in adult males.
AB  - Fifty-nine asymptomatic men without catheters of ileal-loop bladders, who were
      attending a urology clinic and were incidentally discovered to have 100,000 or
      more Enterobacteriaceae per ml ("significant bacteriuria") in a clean voided
      urine sample, were prospectively evaluated. To identify these 59 patients, 5,876
      urine samples, collected exclusively from men, had been subjected to quantitation
      and identification. A repeat urine culture performed on these patients invariably
      confirmed the results of the initial culture. The reproducibility of a single
      urine culture containing significant bacteriuria occurred independently of the
      tissue source of infection, as determined by the antibody-coated-bacteria
      immunofluorescence test. We conclude that a single urine culture obtained from a
      cooperative man can establish the diagnosis of asymptomatic bacteriuria.

PMID- 383745
TI  - Practical method to facilitate estimation of Streptococcus mutans levels in
      saliva.
AB  - A method was developed to facilitate the estimation of Streptococcus mutans
      levels in saliva. Saliva-contaminated wodden spatulas were pressed directly
      against an elevated agar plate containing a selective medium. The results were
      compared with the number of S. mutans per 1 ml of paraffin-stimulated saliva. It
      was shown that the spatula method gave a good estimation of the level of S.
      mutans infection. The incubation was also made in expired air instead of 95% N2
      5% CO2. The outgrowth was in good agreement with that after conventional
      incubation. The method is useful in epidemiological studies or in selecting
      persons at a high caries risk, and when ordinary saliva sampling cannot be done,
      for example in small children. Compared with conventional saliva sampling, this
      method requires less time and material at sampling as well as at the laboratory.

PMID- 383747
TI  - Comparison of three methods for identification of pathogenic Neisseria species.
AB  - A radiometric procedure was compared with the Minitek and Cystine Trypticase Agar
      sugar degradation methods for identification of 113 Neisseria species (58
      Neisseria meningitidis, 51 Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 2 Neisseria lactamica, 2
      Neisseria sicca). Identification of meningococci and gonococci was confirmed by
      agglutination and fluorescent antibody techniques, respectively. The Minitek
      method identified 97% of meningococci, 92% of gonococci, and 100% of other
      Neisseria after 4 h of incubation. The radiometric (Bactec) procedure identified
      100% of gonococci and 100% of miscellaneous Neisseria after 3 h, but problems
      were encountered with meningococci: 45% of the later strains yielded index values
      for fructose between 20 and 28 (recommended negative cut-off point, less than
      20), with strongly positive (greater than 100) glucose and maltose and negative o
      nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside reactions in all 58 strains. The Cystine
      Trypticase Agar method identified 91% of meningococci, 90% of gonococci, and 100%
      of other Neisseria after 24 to 48 h. Prolongation of the Cystine Trypticase Agar
      incubation period led to abnormal lactose/sucrose reactions in some meningococci
      and gonococci. Radiometric and Minitek systems are more accurate and convenient
      than Cystine Trypticase Agar techniques, but, on the basis of these results,
      radiometric fructose sensitivity levels for meningococci need reevaluation.

PMID- 383748
TI  - Comparison of Micro-ID and API 20E systems for identification of
      Enterobacteriaceae.
AB  - The Micro-ID 4-h identification system for Enterobacteriaceae was compared to the
      API 20E overnight method, using 230 fresh clinical isolates and 74 stock
      cultures. Agreement was 97.8% for the clinical isolates and 93.2% for the stock
      cultures. Eighty-seven percent of primary culture plates containing gram-negative
      rods yielded sufficient growth to perform the 4-h Micro-ID identification on the
      same day the organisms were isolated.

PMID- 383749
TI  - Evidence for the synthesis and release of strongly immunosuppressive,
      noncytotoxic substances by Streptococcus intermedius.
AB  - Products secreted by Streptococcus intermedius were studied for their effects on
      the immune response. Three different preparations of crude extracellular products
      from S. intermedius (CEP-Si) were found to have powerful suppressor activity in
      vitro as shown by inhibition of human lymphocyte proliferation (uptake of
      [3H]thymidine) and protein synthesis in response to a wide variety of stimulants,
      including mitogens and antigens, and suppression of plaque formation by human
      cells in response to sheep erythrocytes. CEP-Si was noncytotoxic, because cells
      incubated with high concentrations of CEP-Si and subsequently washed were viable
      and recovered their ability to respond to mitogens, and because leukocyte
      migration was not inhibited by CEP-Si, nor was the release of leukocyte migration
      inhibitory factor from sensitized lymphocytes. The possibility of antigen or
      mitogen competition was excluded. The effects of CEP-Si in vitro were time
      dependent and did not require the presence of monocytes. Cells pretreated with
      CEP-Si and then washed suppressed plaque formation by fresh autologous cells in
      highly stimulated cultures. CEP-Si injected into C57BL/6 mice also strongly
      suppressed their immune response to sheep erythrocytes, and the in vivo
      suppression was correlated with the effects of CEP-Si in vitro.

PMID- 383750
TI  - Clinical evaluation of hypnotic drugs: contributions from sleep laboratory
      studies.
AB  - The most thorough and clinically relevant approach to hypnotic drug evaluation is
      one that balances the strengths and weaknesses of clinical trials and sleep
      laboratory evaluations. Advantages of clinical trials include the ability to
      evaluate large numbers of subjects and specific target groups and to thoroughly
      assess and quantify a drug's side effects, whereas sleep laboratory studies are
      very limited in all of these areas. Sleep laboratory studies however provide a
      rigorous, precise, and comprehensive profile of a drug's activity since there is
      more control over experimental variables and measurements are objective as well
      as continuous throughout the night. These benefits offset the shortcomings of
      clinical trials, which include a lack of objective measurements, less control
      over experimental variables, failure to evaluate a drug's effectiveness with
      continued use, and inattention to drug interaction and withdrawal effect. Several
      basic principles derived from sleep laboratory findings have been incorporated
      into both the clinical trials and sleep laboratory evaluations recommended in the
      new FDA Guidelines for the Clinical Evaluation of Hypnotic Drugs. These
      principles include provision for adequate baseline and withdrawal periods, use of
      multiple consecutive drug nights to assess a drug's effectiveness with continued
      use, and inclusion of an adequate washout period when a cross-over design is
      used. The guidelines do not emphasize either clinical trials or sleep laboratory
      studies at the expense of each other, but rather stress their complementary
      utilization.

PMID- 383751
TI  - Immunopathologic and histologic studies on skin from pemphigus patients in tissue
      culture.
AB  - Explants of skin from patients with pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus
      taken in the active stages of the disease had in vivo bound IgG in the
      intercellular area. After 24-48 h incubation of these explants in normal sera
      acantholytic bullae developed above the stratum basale, thus indicating that the
      bound IgG is probably in vivo bound pemphigus antibody. In both cases, skin from
      the inactive stage of the disease contained no in vivo bound pemphigus
      antibodies. Explants of these skin specimens failed to develop acantholysis in
      culture.

PMID- 383752
TI  - Barney David Usher 1899-1978.

PMID- 383753
TI  - Immunohistochemical demonstration of basement membrane collagen in normal human
      skin and in psoriasis.
AB  - Antibodies prepared against the collagen C-chain derived from human placenta
      specifically strain the epidermal basement membrane of normal human skin as well
      as the basement membrane surrounding the skin appendages and capillaries. Using
      the antibodies, it was observed that all basement membranes in untreated
      psoriatic plaques appear fragmented and separted into several layers. The results
      suggest that psoriatic lesions are associated with a general loss of basement
      membrane integrity which may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the
      disease.

PMID- 383754
TI  - Melanocytic nevi. A review.

PMID- 383755
TI  - Immunotherapy of melanoma.
AB  - Malignant melanoma is a disease characterized by clinical evidence of host
      defense, possibly immunologically mediated. It is a disease which tends to be
      refractory to both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Immunotherapy has been used in
      three phases of the disease. 1. Intralesional immunotherapy with a nonspecific
      immune adjuvant in patients with local intradermal or soft tissue recurrence.
      This treatment produces approximately 15% regression of both injected and
      uninjected lesions, and about 60% regression of injected lesions only. Both
      clinical and laboratory evidence suggests that this regression is immunologically
      mediated. 2. Patients with surgical removal of all clinically demonstrable tumor,
      either primary disease alone or regional node recurrence, active nonspecific, and
      specific, immunotherapy has been used in an adjuvant setting. There is
      considerable controversy about the benefits accruing to such immunotherapy, but
      most large scale prospective and randomized studies have suggested that if
      benefit does result it is modest in degree and probably cannot be measured in
      terms of increase in cure rate. 3. Immunotherapy has also been used as a
      nonspecific active adjuvant to single drug or polychemotherapy in patients with
      disseminated melanoma. Whereas complete response rate may be slightly increased
      by this maneuver there is no convincing evidence that immunotherapy markedly
      increases the total objective response rate to polychemotherapy, and survival is
      only marginally superior when immunotherapy is added to chemotherapy in this
      setting. Further studies need to be done with active specific immunotherapy with
      tumor cell membrane extracts; as an adjuvant in patients with minimal body burden
      of tumor cells; and to study the inaction between chemotherapy and immunotherapy
      in this disease. Furthermore, studies of chemically defined fractions of either
      bacterial cell wall or tumor cell extracts must be evaluated both in terms of
      their ability to augment cell mediated immune responses in the melanoma patient,
      and also in terms of their ability to induce objective benefit for the patient.
      The possible use of immunotherapy in patients with primary melanoma has been
      briefly explored but needs further study. Possible additive effects with
      radiotherapy and immunotherapy should also be looked at in this disease utilizing
      high dose fractions and other new forms of radiotherapeutic technique.

PMID- 383756
TI  - Washington explained.

PMID- 383757
TI  - Retention by design.

PMID- 383758
TI  - Comparison of four composite materials and effect of tooth preparation on bond
      strength.

PMID- 383760
TI  - The effect of tooth preparation on the retention of stainless steel crowns.
AB  - Preparations maintaining the greatest amount of buccal and lingual tooth
      structure were the most retentive. Cement significantly increased the retention
      capacity of all preparations. Mechanical retention did not contribute
      significantly to the separation-resistance of the stainless steel crown. Factors
      other than retention may be of greater importance to the clinical success of
      stainless steel crowns.

PMID- 383759
TI  - Fissure sealants in primary molars: retention of colored sealants with variable
      etch times, at twelve months.
AB  - There is no significant difference in sealant retention on primary molars etched
      for sixty seconds or for 120 seconds, twelve months after application. No caries
      was found on any sealed surface. Decreasing the etch-time for primary molars has
      been found to decrease the chance of contamination, during etching. Additionally,
      the shorter etch-time was far more acceptable to three and four-year-old
      children. This study is part of a continuing investigation of the retention,
      caries-reduction and overall cost-effectiveness of sealing permanent and primary
      teeth in children.

PMID- 383762
TI  - The future of dental specialization: policy issues.
AB  - There has been a shift in the fundamental values placed by society on its health
      care system, as reflected by public insistence on greater accountability, a more
      influential role in policy decisions, and a more effective use of system
      resources. This change in values will profoundly influence the future of dental
      specialization. The role of the generalist, expanding as a result of various
      public and internal pressure, will shape the future role of the specialist more
      than anything else. No new dental specialties are likely to emerge, but there
      will be changes in emphasis and consolidation among the specialties. Graduate
      dental education will require a reorganization and a variety of sharing
      arrangements for its survival. Some form of demonstrating continuing competence
      will be required for maintenance of specialty status.

PMID- 383761
TI  - Ochoboguchi: facial beauty and the Japanese art of make-up.

PMID- 383763
TI  - Expanded function dental auxiliaries: potential for the supply of dental services
      in a national dental program.

PMID- 383764
TI  - Correction of a defect on the dorsum of the nose.
AB  - A particular defect on the dorsum of the nose, which was traumatically incurred,
      was successfully corrected after two previous failures.

PMID- 383765
TI  - Stamps commemorating medicine: "Niels Finsen". Physician, photobiologist, nobel
      laureate.

PMID- 383767
TI  - Elmer Verner McCollum (1879-1967)--his first centennial: 1979.

PMID- 383766
TI  - [Correction of anovulatory cycles with LH releasing hormone and clomiphene].

PMID- 383768
TI  - Quality and standards--the dietitian's heritage. 16th Lenna Frances Cooper
      Memorial Lecture.
AB  - Since 1917, when The American Dietetic Association was founded, dietitians have
      been charged with accountability for defining and maintaining quality and
      standards related to food. This heritage continues to be a challenge to the
      profession. With current methods of food production, processing, preparation, and
      distribution, and varied and changing consumer preferences and demands, the need
      for monitoring the effect of these changes on quality as it relates to improving
      the nutrition of people is critical. Quality must be defined with regard for
      values and goals for individual situations and under varying circumstances.
      Standards by which that specific quality can be measured need to be described.
      Tian's heritage" their "hallmark" of quality.

PMID- 383769
TI  - Overview of extended wear contact lenses.
AB  - Extended wear of contact lenses is an attractive alternative to daily wear
      regimens. Immediate application has been for therapeutic purposes. Recently,
      cosmetic investigations have occurred, primarily outside of the United States.
      Regardless of the application, extended wear requires careful patient selection,
      fitting and post-fitting care to insure that ocular integrity has not been
      disturbed.

PMID- 383770
TI  - Sigmund Freud and the B'nai B'rith.

PMID- 383771
TI  - Metatarsal lengthening by use of autogenous bone graft and internal wire
      compression fixation: a preliminary report.
AB  - As a preliminary report, our paper is designed to show another procedure to be
      used by podiatrists in lengthening metatarsals by the use of an autogenous bone
      graft. The procedure described should be considered when metatarsal length
      problems arise. Discussed were the basic physiologic properties of grafting, and
      the actual procedure of doing these grafts.

PMID- 383772
TI  - Phagocytosis of silastic material following silastic great toe implant.

PMID- 383773
TI  - Steven J. Berlin, D.P.M., F.A.C.F.S.

PMID- 383774
TI  - The incidence of aseptic necrosis of the talus following traumatic injuries: a
      review of the literature.
AB  - Fracture of the talus is uncommon, and although it may never be encountered, the
      knowledge of such occurrences, their treatment, and sequelae should be known by
      every podiatrist. Aseptic necrosis is a complication that can occur as a result
      of any trauma to the talus. This might be due to surgical manipulation as in the
      case of the triple arthrodesis or subtalar arthrodesis, or outside injury due to
      crushing or rotational injuries.

PMID- 383775
TI  - Superficial ulcer treatment utilizing hyperbaric oxygen and porcine skin grafts.
AB  - Ulceration due to any etiology is a diagnostic and treatment challenge to
      podiatric practitioners as well as our medical colleagues. The use of porcine
      skin grafts as an adjunct to hyperbaric oxygen is discussed here as a treatment
      alternative.

PMID- 383776
TI  - The Swanson arthroplasty of the great toe: a prospective study.
AB  - A brief history and the evolution of the Swanson implant hemi-arthroplasty of the
      first metatarsophalangeal joint introduces this small series of cases.
      Preoperative criteria, surgical technique, and results are presented along with
      the follow-up. Long term follow-up suggests that there are some additional
      complications to this especially in cases of arthritis associated with systemic
      diseases.

PMID- 383778
TI  - [Paul Gelle, 1904-1978].

PMID- 383777
TI  - Full thickness autograft following neoplastic excision.

PMID- 383779
TI  - The enigma of Semmelweis--an interpretation.

PMID- 383780
TI  - Experimental method and spontaneous generation: the controversy between Pasteur
      and Pouchet, 1859--64.

PMID- 383781
TI  - Opium in the Fens in nineteenth-century England.

PMID- 383782
TI  - Leprosy in medieval Arabic medicine.

PMID- 383783
TI  - The protracted labor and brief life of a country medical school: the Auburn
      Medical Institution, 1825.

PMID- 383784
TI  - Magdalen Hospital engraved by George Quinton, 1797, after a painting by T. S.
      Duche.

PMID- 383820
TI  - Dedication to Albert H. Coons 1912--1978.

PMID- 383819
TI  - Demonstration of alpha 1-antitrypsin by immunofluorescence on paraffin-embedded
      hepatic and pancreatic tissue.
AB  - Studies were performed in an attempt to improve current immunohistological
      techniques for the demonstration of alpha 1-antitrypsin (A1AT) in formalin-fixed
      paraffin-embedded tissues. The unwanted fluorescence (UF) commonly occurring in
      such procedures was found to be effectively eliminated by immunoadsorption of
      A1AT antisera with human serum lacking A1AT (Pi-null phenotype) coupled in solid
      phase to glutaraldehyde-activated aminohexyl-Sepharose 4B. Specificity of the
      antisera for A1AT was established by subsequent solid phase immunoadsorption
      against normal human serum bound to AH-Sepharose 4B. Using these techniques,
      immunoreactive A1AT was demonstrated in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in liver
      biopsies obtained from patients with Z and MZ serum phenotypes, and in the
      cytoplasm of normal pancreatic islet cells.

PMID- 383821
TI  - Symposium on enzyme tracers for clinical and basic medicine, Keystone, Colorado,
      April 1979. Proceedings.

PMID- 383822
TI  - Heterogeneous enzyme immunoassay.
AB  - During the past 10 to 15 years immunoassays have gained acceptance as the methods
      of choice in the diagnosis of a number of disease states. At present the
      immunodiagnostic techniques employed range from radioimmunoassay for haptens
      through immunofluorescence for autoimmune diseases to complement fixation for
      viral infections. All of these assays have their own individual limitations such
      as: safety, short shelf life and sensitivity. The development of enzyme
      immunoassays, in particular enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), has led to
      a substantial literature which offers the view that enzyme immunoassays provide a
      safe, sensitive and specific alternative to standard methods for the detection of
      antibodies or antigens. The application of heterogeneous enzyme linked
      immunosorbent assays for the quantitation of haptens, macromolecular antigens and
      antibodies is reviewed.

PMID- 383823
TI  - A practical approach to immunohistologic studies of lymphoreticular neoplasia.
      Introduction.

PMID- 383824
TI  - Immunohistologic studies of lymphomas. New methodology yields new information and
      poses new problems.
AB  - There occur tumors corresponding to almost all kinds of normal tissues, and
      clearly our classification of tumors will run parallel with our classification of
      normal tissues.

PMID- 383825
TI  - Diagnostic applications of an immunoperoxidase method in hematopathology.
AB  - The diagnostic usefulness and reliability, in particular in relation to
      methodologic problems and limitations, of an immunoperoxidase method are
      discussed, based upon an initial 3-yr experience with more than 400 cases. It has
      been found necessary to employ certain control preparations in each study case in
      order to avoid interpretational errors which can derive from variation in
      distribution of plasma proteins, in preservation of immunoreactivity with
      different fixatives, and in nonspecific binding of antiserum. The method is
      suitable for detection of immunoglobulin components only among lymphoid cells
      corresponding to late stages in the (B-cell) sequence of transformation. One case
      has been identified in which the results of the method are inconsistent with
      additional data, that of large cell neoplasm of apparent epithelial nature with a
      monotypic immunoglobulin staining pattern. Cytoplasmic lysozyme was present in a
      variety of different disease processes, including adenocarcinoma and
      granulocytic, monocytic, and histiocytic proliferations.

PMID- 383827
TI  - Dopamine receptor sites in the anterior pituitary.
AB  - An immunocytochemical method was developed to visualize dopamine receptor sites
      on dispersed anterior pituitary cells of the rat. Dopamine receptors were labeled
      with the antagonist haloperidol. Some cells were incubated with haloperidol and a
      100-fold excess of the potent antagonist D-butaclamol to determine nonspecific
      binding. The labeled sites were stained with an antibody against haloperidol and
      the peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) technique. PAP complexes which served as
      markers for dopamine binding sites appeared on the outer plasmalemmal surface of
      the vast majority of mammotrophs. PAP complexes attached to the inner surface of
      endocytotic vesicle membrane suggested internalization of receptor-rich portions
      of the plasmalemma. Some gonadotrophs and somatotrophs were specifically stained
      to a lesser extent. However, high receptor site density and internalization of
      PAP complexes were never observed on cell types other than mammotrophs. The
      presence of dopamine receptors on the plasmalemma of mammotrophs provides strong
      additional evidence that dopamine acts upon these cells as a prolactin inhibitory
      hormone.

PMID- 383826
TI  - Considerations for establishing the validity of immunocytological studies.
AB  - Immunocytology has wide spread applications for localizing tissue antigens, as
      evidenced by the recent exploitation of this technique in biological studies.
      Documenting the immunological specificity of the staining reaction is one of the
      most important technical considerations in validating the accrued data in
      immunocytological studies. The purpose of this report is to discuss and emphasize
      the need for conducting physiological studies in addition to the traditional
      immunological method and specificity controls. The ability of antibodies to bind
      molecules other than those molecules used as the immunizing material is a well
      documented fact. Hypothetically, preabsorption of the primary antibody with its
      specific antigen, could reduce subsequent binding of this antibody to a cross
      reactive tissue antigen, thus providing false confirmation of staining validity.
      The results of our experience with a cross reacting system in addition to other
      previously reported examples are discussed.

PMID- 383828
TI  - Identification of immunoreactive sites in bovine parathyroid cells to antibodies
      raised against the NH2-terminal sequence of parathyroid hormone.
AB  - The NH2-terminal sequence of bovine parathyroid hormone (1-84) was localized with
      different immunocytochemical methods on the light and electron microscopic level
      in bovine parathyroid glands and in isolated bovine parathyroid parenchymal
      cells. The peroxidase labeled staphylococcal protein A and the peroxidase anti
      peroxidase method were found to be advantageous for light and electron
      microscopic localization, respectively. Reaction product was found light
      microscopically in the cytoplasma of the parenchymal cells and electron
      microscopically largely over the secretion granules of the parenchymal cells. The
      immunoreactive sites were subsequently identified to represent only intact
      parathyroid hormone (1-84) by gel electrophoresis derived enzyme linked
      immunosorbent assay.

PMID- 383829
TI  - A quantitative immunoperoxidase procedure employing energy dispersive x-ray
      analysis.
AB  - A method is described for substituting gold for osmium as a marker in the
      unlabeled antibody technique. The gold marker can be detected in the light or
      electron microscope. The gold-labeled reaction product can be detected in lower
      concentrations than osmium and can be used as the basis for quantitating antigen
      concentrations in cells and tissues with the scanning electron microscope and
      energy dispersive x-ray analysis.

PMID- 383830
TI  - Immunocytochemical studies of the evolution of islet hormones.
AB  - By using both immunofluorescence and peroxidase-anti-peroxidase procedures to
      detect cells producing the four islet hormones, supplemented by biochemical,
      biological, and radioimmunological assays of tissue extracts, it has been shown
      that insulin seems to be the most original hormone, apparently occurring already
      in invertebrates in cells of open type in the alimentary tract mucosa. Insulin
      cells also predominate in the first islet organ, namely that of the cyclostomes.
      The order of appearance in the endocrine pancreas during the subsequent evolution
      is: somatostatin; glucagon; and the pancreatic polypeptide. Even in lower
      vertebrates pancreatic polypeptide cells occur in those parts of the pancreas
      situated in close proximity to the gut.

PMID- 383831
TI  - Influence of hydrogen peroxide or alcoholic sodium hydroxide on the
      immunocytochemical detection of growth hormone and prolactin after osmium
      fixation.

PMID- 383832
TI  - Demonstration of viral antigen in cryostat sections by a new immunoperoxidase
      procedure eliminating endogenous peroxidase activity.

PMID- 383833
TI  - To the 50th anniversary of the Brain Research Institute of the USSR AMS.

PMID- 383834
TI  - Energy metabolism in man and the influence of diet and temperature: a review.

PMID- 383835
TI  - The rise and fall of the baby's bottle.
AB  - As the traditional practice of breast-feeding and later weaning of babies slowly
      regains popularity in Europe and America, the Third World is just getting used to
      the idea of bottle-feeding and early weaning. Infant food manufacturers have been
      indicted for irresponsible marketing of their products, but they are not totally
      responsible for the present situation. The author examines the origins and
      development of bottle-feeding, and argues that the present polarisation of views
      can only be resolved by cooperation between the antagonists.

PMID- 383836
TI  - Immune response to levan. III. The capacity to produce anti-inulin antibodies and
      cross-reactive idiotypes appears late in ontogeny.

PMID- 383837
TI  - Delayed advent of stringent, non-H-2 genetic regulation of the antibody response
      to a protein antigen.
AB  - The role of non-H-2 gene(s) in the control of the antibody response to three
      lysozymes was investigated. Upon secondary challenge, A/J (H-2a) mice generated
      at least a 25-fold greater anti-lysozyme plaque-forming cell response than did
      B10.A (H-2a) mice. Nearly equal, strong peak primary responses, predominantly IgG
      in nature, were obtained from both A/J and B10.A mice after a single challenge
      with lysozyme in complete Freund's adjuvant. However, clear differences in
      responses are seen within 5 days after the peak primary plaque-forming response
      and by day 28 at the serum antibody level. B10.A mice never equal their primary
      responses, whereas A/J mice demonstrate positive immune memory. It appears that a
      non-H-2 gene(s) that regulates the overall antibody level to a protein antigen
      becomes manifest only after an initial antibody response.

PMID- 383838
TI  - A new clonogenic technique for human mitogen-responsive T cells.

PMID- 383839
TI  - Sensitivity of long-standing xenografts of rat hearts to humoral antibodies.
AB  - Long-standing rat skin xenografts on immunosuppressed mice are known to become
      insensitive to destruction by mouse anti-rat serum. Our present experiments
      demonstrate that long-standing primarily vascularized rat-to-mouse cardiac
      xenografts, unlike skin, remain fully sensitive to antiserum-mediated
      destruction, even in mice also bearing a long-standing skin graft that is
      resistant to antiserum. It appears that skin grafts become resistant to antiserum
      mediated destruction because of extensive replacement of the endothelium by cells
      of host origin. The hearts remain sensitive to antiserum since such an extensive
      endothelial replacement would not occur as readily in these whole organ grafts.

PMID- 383841
TI  - Tissue distribution of immunoglobulin-secreting cells in normal and IgA-deficient
      chickens.
AB  - A reverse hemolytic plaque assay was employed to enumerate lymphoid cells
      actively secreting either immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgA, or IgM in the small
      intestine, lungs, and lymphoid organs of normal and IgA-deficient chickens. In
      normal birds, intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes were proportionately richest
      in cells secreting IgG and IgA whereas the bone marrow was richest in IgM
      secreting cells. The highest ratio of IgA to IgG secreting cells was also found
      in the lamina propria lymphocytes of the intestine (0.9), followed by the IgA to
      IgG ratios in the intestinal epithelium (0.31), and the lungs (0.19). The IgA to
      IgG ratios in the bone marrow (0.08) and the spleen (0.02) were considerably
      lower. Thus, both the intestine and the lungs were relatively enriched in cells
      actively secreting IgA. These IgA-secreting cells are the likely source of the
      IgA found in such quantities in intestinal and respiratory secretions. The tissue
      distribution of Ig-secreting cells was also studied in two generations of birds
      with experimentally induced IgA deficiency. There was a striking diminution of
      IgA-secreting cells in all tissues, including the intestine and lungs, whereas
      cells secreting IgG and IgM were normal or increased. The lack of IgA-secreting
      cells in these birds represents the effects of donor suppressor T cells having
      specificity for IgA.

PMID- 383840
TI  - Absence of unexpected H-2 alloantigens on a murine lymphoma.

PMID- 383842
TI  - Natural killer cells in mice treated with 89strontium: normal target-binding cell
      numbers but inability to kill even after interferon administration.

PMID- 383843
TI  - An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for progesterone in horse plasma.
AB  - A simple enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the measurement of progesterone is
      described. Antibody against 11-OH-hemisuccinate-BSA is bound to polystyrene
      tubes. 11-OH-hemisuccinyl-beta-D-galactosidase is used as enzyme-coupled antigen
      and methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactoside as substrate. Concentrations down to
      0.156 ng/ml plasm or amounts of 93 pg/tube are detectable. Probit analysis gave a
      linear relationship between log concentration and percentage of binding. A
      comparison of EIA and radioimmunoassay gave a correlation coefficient of 0.81.
      The assay is sufficiently sensitive to estimate progesterone levels in plasma.

PMID- 383845
TI  - An alternative method of expressing results of lymphocyte transformation
      experiments.
AB  - The use of counts per minute, disintegrations per minute and stimulated index as
      a means of expressing lymphocyte transformation is discussed. An alternative
      method is proposed, namely, that the degree of transformation is more effectively
      measured by the difference in incorporation of nucleoprotein base by stimulated
      as compared with unstimulated cultures expressed in moles uptake of base per unit
      number of lymphocytes.

PMID- 383844
TI  - In vitro induction of cytotoxic effector cells against human neoplasms. I.
      Sensitization conditions and effect of cryopreservation on the induction and
      expression of cytotoxic responses to allogeneic leukemia cells.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from normal human donors were sensitized in
      vitro against allogeneic human acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) cells by means of
      an unidirectional mixed lymphocyte-tumor cell culture (MLTC) technique. The
      cytotoxic responsiveness of the sensitized lymphocytes, as determined in vitro by
      the 51Cr-release assay, varied among individual lymphocyte donors and was greatly
      dependent on the sensitization culture conditions. Induction of cytotoxic
      effector cells was augmented appreciably by adding to the cultures minute amounts
      of the immunopotentiating agent MER-BCG. Responding lymphocytes and stimulating
      leukemia cells cryopreserved for several weeks in liquid nitrogen were as
      effective as fresh cells in generating effector lymphocytes; the cytotoxic
      capacity of already sensitized lymphocytes was fully retained by
      cryopreservation. The implications of these findings for possible clinical
      employment of in vitro sensitized lymphocytes in adoptive immunotherapy of cancer
      are discussed.

PMID- 383846
TI  - Lymphocyte cultures with small numbers of cells.
AB  - Prior experience with cultures of cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes indicated a
      need to develop methods for culturing small numbers of cells. Peripheral blood
      lymphocytes (PBL) were obtained from 20 normal volunteers. Standard microcultures
      using 100 X 10(3) PBL/0.2 ml and cultures with 50, 25 and 12.5 X 10(3) in 0.1 ml
      or 0.2 ml were established in RPMI 1640 with autologous plasma. These cultures
      were incubated with PHA (1--30 microgram) for 3, 4 and 5 days, pulsed with
      [3H]thymidine and harvested. In unstimulated cultures, cpm declined linearly with
      decreasing cell numbers. Standard cultures (100 X 10(3) PBL/0.2 ml) had maximal
      PHA stimulation (80,916 +/- 6394) at day 3 with 30 microgram PHA. Other 0.2 ml
      cultures had lower cpm. By culturing 25 X 10(3) PBL in 0.1 ml for 3 days cpm were
      82,874 +/- 6875 with 30 microgram PHA and 77,153 +/- 6022 with 15 microgram PHA
      and were similar to standard cultures. Similar cpm were seen with 12.5 X 10(3)
      PBL in 0.1 ml after 4 days with 30 micrograms of PHA (80,838 +/- 6674) and with
      15 micrograms of PHA (72,860 +/- 6243), and also after 5 days with 30 micrograms
      of PHA (86,703 +/- 6732) and with 15 micrograms of PHA (74,066 +/- 6388). The
      maximal response (126,578 +/- 6580) was seen with 25 X 10(3) PBL/0.1 ml at day 4
      with 30 micrograms of PHA. By decreasing culture volume to 0.1 ml and increasing
      time, the number of cells necessary to give PHA responses similar to standard
      cultures can be reduced by 75--88%.

PMID- 383847
TI  - Observations on malaria in an industrial area of Chotonagpur.

PMID- 383848
TI  - The H-2 histocompatibility system and lymphocyte adhesion: interaction modulation
      factor involvement.
AB  - The effects of thymocyte interaction modulation factor on the adhesion of mouse
      allogeneic thymocytes and B-cells are reported. This glycoprotein, produced by
      short term cultures of thymocytes, has already been described as reducing the
      adhesion of syngeneic B-cells, leucocytes and macrophages. Adhesion was measured
      in suspension culture using the collision efficiency method. This paper reports
      that: 1. In addition to the syngeneic effect of thymocyte IMF in reducing
      adhesion of certain unlike cell types there is also an allogeneic effect in which
      an allogeneic T-IMF will diminish the adhesion of a thymocyte population, or
      still further reduce the adhesion of a B-cell population than would a syngeneic T
      IMF. 2. Thymocyte IMFs were prepared from different congenic strains and tested
      on the adhesion of syngeneic and allogeneic thymocytes. When factor and cells
      were syngeneic or matched at any H-2 locus except H-2 D there was no effect on
      adhesion since it remained at the same value as in controls in their own IMF. But
      whenever factor and cells were mismatched at H-2 D there was a marked diminution
      in the adhesion of the cells. 3. Antibodies raised against specific thymocyte
      IMFs could be used to detect the presence of T-IMF binding to the surface of
      cells by immunofluorescence or immune cytolysis. These systems show that the
      antibodies against thymocyte IMF can be used to type the H-2 D type of a cell and
      that these factors are present at the surface of thymocytes and certain other
      cell types. They confirm that the thymocyte IMF is either in H-2 D product or is
      closely associated with H-2 D locus in its binding and action. They also show
      that the T-IMF antigen on non-lymphocytic types is produced by T-cells or
      thymocytes. 4. The general relevance of these results is discussed in relation to
      cell recognition phenomena.

PMID- 383849
TI  - Status of adjuvant therapy for renal cell cancer.

PMID- 383850
TI  - Anthony M. Bruck, 1902--1979.

PMID- 383851
TI  - Ro 20-1724: an agent that significantly improves psoriatic lesions in double
      blind clinical trials.
AB  - Two double-blind studies comparing the effectiveness of the cyclic nucleotide
      altering agent (4-[3-butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl]-2-imidazolidinone) (Ro 20-1724) vs
      vehicle have demonstrated that this compound can improve psoriatic lesions.
      Although Ro 20-1724 was not as effective as intensive occlusive treatment of
      psoriatic lesions with 0.025% triamcinolone acetonide, Ro 20-1724 had no adverse
      systemic or cutaneous effects. Ro 20-1724 and other cyclic nucleotide-altering
      agents may have therapeutic potential in the future treatment of psoriasis.

PMID- 383853
TI  - Sebaceous gland differentiation: II. The isolation, separation and
      characterization of cells from the mouse preputial gland.
AB  - Viable cells have been isolated, by enzyme digestion, from mouse preputial glands
      and have been separated, by isopycnic centrifugation, into populations of
      different buoyant densities. The separated cells have been evaluated by
      morphological and biochemical criteria to assess the success of the separation
      procedure in terms of the stage of differentiation of each cell population. Use
      of Ficoll as gradient medium for the isopycnic centrifugation proved
      unsuccessful, but good separations were obtained when Metrizamide was used. The
      separated cells from the Metrizamide gradient were shown to be in different
      stages of differentiation. Techniques are described for the special handling of
      these cells as well as suitable assay procedures. Some of the properties of the
      separated cells are described.

PMID- 383852
TI  - Purification of a mannan from Candida albicans which activates serum complement.
AB  - Candida species activate complement by the alternative pathway, induce leukocyte
      migration and, when applied epicutaneously, cause epidermal microabscesses of
      neutrophils in man and experimental animals. Complement activation by C. albicans
      appears to be a property of the cell wall. To biochemically identify the
      complement-activating constituent(s) of C. albicans, an ethyleneglycol extract of
      growth phase blastospores was prepared. Acid hydrolysis and neutral sugar
      analysis revealed mannose (82%), fucose (7%), and glucose (11%). The soluble,
      mannose-rich cell wall polysaccharide of C. albicans activates serum complement
      via the alternative pathway, induces neutrophil chemotaxis and is antigenically
      reactive with antisera to C. albicans. This constituent exhibits in vitro
      endotoxin-like activity as measured by Limulus lysate gelation, but is
      nonpyrogenic in rabbits. The extracts produced precipitin lines in double
      immunodiffusion studies against serum from patients with invasive candidiasis and
      rabbit antisera to mycelial and blastospore preparations of C. albicans, but not
      against normal serum. Thus, pathogenic properties and reactive phenomenon of C.
      albicans are in part attributable to a cell wall polysaccharide, mannan.

PMID- 383854
TI  - Susceptibility of Escherichia coli K1 to four combinations of antimicrobial
      agents potentially useful for treatment of neonatal meningitis.
AB  - The synergy of four combinations of antimicrobial agents potentially useful in
      the treatment of neonatal meningitis was examined with 19 strains of Escherichia
      coli K1. The effect on antimicrobial activity of changes in E. coli concentration
      and in pH to values similar to those of cerebrospinal fluid from infected
      neonates was also assessed. The degree of synergy, assessed by checkerboard agar
      dilution of the antimicrobial agents in combination with gentamicin, decreased in
      the following order: trimethoprim, cefamandole, ampicillin, and chloramphenicol.
      Significant variation in activity against different strains of E. coli was not
      observed. In broth dilution tests, the individual antimicrobial agents, but not
      the combinations, were notably less active at pH 7.00 with an inoculum of 10(7)
      cfu/ml than at pH 7.40 with 10(5) cfu/ml. Bactericidal activities of the beta
      lactam and trimethoprim combinations were similar. Chloramphenicol antagonized
      the bactericidal effect of gentamicin and of ampicillin plus gentamicin.

PMID- 383856
TI  - Nathaniel A. Young, 1939--1979.

PMID- 383855
TI  - Treatment of experimental nocardiosis in mice: comparison of amikacin and
      sulfonamide.
AB  - Recent in vitro susceptibility studies have shown that amikacin inhibits more
      than 90% of isolates of Nocardia. This study was designed to evaluate the effect
      of treatment with amikacin or sulfonamides on infection caused by Nocardia
      asteroides with the use of murine models. In an acute lethality model in which
      infection was induced by intraperitoneal injection, 13 (45%) of 29 mice that had
      been treated with amikacin survived, in comparison to zero of 39 untreated
      animals in the control group and one of 39 mice that had been treated with
      sulfadiazine (P less than 0.001 for amikacin). When infected with a strain of N.
      asteroides that was resistant to amikacin, all mice that were treated with
      amikacin and all untreated mice died. Drug therapy was also evaluated in a
      chronic infection model, in which abscesses were produced by an intraperitoneal
      injection of N. asteroides in saline. Treatment with either amikacin (P less than
      0.001) or sulfonamide (P less than 0.02) for two to three weeks significantly
      increased the rate of resolution of these abscesses. These murine models
      demonstrate that amikacin has in vivo activity against Nocardia and may be
      potentially useful in the treatment of human disease.

PMID- 383857
TI  - [Experimental studies of transvenous electrophrenic respiration (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 383858
TI  - [The mechanism of action of uncouplers (author's transl)].

PMID- 383859
TI  - [Progress in plasma protein analysis (author's transl)].

PMID- 383860
TI  - [New intracellular serine proteases (author's transl)].

PMID- 383861
TI  - [Transport of monovalent cations in bacteria (author's transl)].

PMID- 383862
TI  - [Surgical management for stabilizing the prosthesis].

PMID- 383863
TI  - [Test results on diamond points].

PMID- 383864
TI  - [A case of Mikulicz's disease with subsequent development of Sicca syndrome and
      malignant lymphoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 383865
TI  - A clinical approach to the choice of antimicrobial agents, case number 3. Sepsis
      from decubitus ulcers and complications of therapy.

PMID- 383866
TI  - Renal vein thrombosis.

PMID- 383867
TI  - The use of staples in surgery.

PMID- 383868
TI  - A bibliography of editions of Du Verney's Traite de l'Organe de l'Ouie. Published
      between 1683 & 1750.

PMID- 383869
TI  - The voyage: a study of medical hazards on the first immigrant ships to Georgia.

PMID- 383870
TI  - Phytohemagglutinin induced lymphoblastic transformation and rosette forming T
      lymphocytes: the relationship to prognosis in advanced malignant lymphoma.

PMID- 383871
TI  - Effects of glucose and amino acids on insulin, glucagon and zymogen granule size
      of foetal rat pancreas grown in organ culture.
AB  - Foetal rat pancreatic rudiments explanted on day 14 of gestation were grown for 6
      days in organ culture in medium containing glucose (5.5(1G) or 16.5(3G)mmol/l)
      and amino acids at the 'physiological' (1AA) or seven times the 'physiological'
      (7AA) concentration. Cultures were also performed in medium to which zinc
      sulphate had been added at 10(-7) to 10(-5) mol/l concentration. At the end of
      the period of culture the diameters of insulin, glucagon and zymogen granule
      profiles in the rudiments were compared with those in normal 20-day foetal
      pancreas by quantitative morphology. The beta cell volume, the number of granules
      per beta cell, the insulin granular volume fraction and the area of insulin
      granule core and halo were also measured under selected experimental conditions.
      Zymogen granule profiles were largest in vivo, intermediate in diameter when
      grown in 1G x 7AA medium and smallest in 1G x 1AA medium. The mean diameter of
      glucagon granule profiles remained constant for growth in vivo, in 1G x 7AA
      medium. Insulin granule profiles were largest in 1G x 1AA medium or in 1G x 7AA
      medium, smallest in 3G x 1AA mdeium and of intermediate diameter in vivo. Amino
      acid enrichment increased the diameter of insulin granules and glucose enrichment
      decreased it. The addition of zinc to the culture medium had no effect on insulin
      granule diameter. In 1G x 7AA cultures the beta cells were of similar size to
      those in vivo, but there were 29% fewer insulin granules per cell. The increased
      size of the insulin granules in 1G x 7AA cultures resulted in the insulin granule
      volume fraction in 1G x 7AA being 17.6 compared with 10.8% in vivo. Insulin
      granule cores were made larger by amino-acid enrichment of the culture medium but
      they were unaffected by glucose. The haloes were larger in 7AA medium and smaller
      in 3G medium. Glucose and amino-acid enrichment had a significant interaction on
      halo area, the mean area in 3G x 7AA medium being less than would have been
      expected from the summation of the effects of the two conditions.

PMID- 383872
TI  - Possible priming effect of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone on the anterior
      pituitary gland in the Japanese quail and the stimulation of secretion of
      follicle-stimulating hormone.
AB  - After the i.m. injection of 10 micrograms synthetic LH releasing hormone (LH-RH)
      into Japanese quail the levels of LH and FSH in plasma rose significantly within
      2 min. The increased level of LH declined rapidly but that of FSH was maintained
      for the duration of the experiment. To determine whether the anterior pituitary
      gland is primed by LH-RH a double injection schedule was adopted. It would appear
      that, while endogenous LH-RH may prime the avian pituitary gland slightly,
      synthetic LH-RH is ineffective.

PMID- 383873
TI  - Concanavalin A binding to amphibian embryo and effect on morphogenesis.
AB  - The effect of Concanavalin A (Con A) on morphogenesis in Pleurodeles waltlii has
      been studied. Embryos were incubated with various concentrations of the lectin
      for a period of 6 days. Three stages of development were examined, late blastula,
      young gastrula and late gastrula. In the presence of the lectin at a
      concentration of 200, 150 or 100 micrograms/ml morphogenic movements were
      delayed, altered and finally blocked. At lower concentrations, 50 or 25
      microgram/ml, there was a slight delay in gastrulation, but in some cases
      development was normal. These findings indicate that Con A exerted an inhibitory
      effect on amphibian morphogenesis and there is evidence that the lectin effect
      was concentration dependent. The effects of Con A were specific since they were
      totally inhibited by alpha-methyl-D-mannopyranoside (0.05 M). The viability of
      the 24 h lectin-treated embryos was demonstrated by washing experiments. Labelled
      Con A binding to the embryos was investigated before and after discarding the
      vitelline membrane. The results suggest a direct interaction between Con A and
      the cell surface and this was confirmed by using fluorescein isothiocyanate Con
      A.

PMID- 383874
TI  - Failure of long surviving, passively enhanced kidney allografts to provoke T
      dependent alloimmunity. I. Retransplantation of (AS X AUG)F1 kidneys into
      secondary AS recipients.
AB  - Long survival of (AS X AUG)F1 rat kidney allografts in AS recipients was induced
      by passive enhancement with AS anti-AUG antiserum at the time of grafting. After
      1-3 mo, the kidney allografts were transferred to second AS recipients, either
      naive or sensitized against AUG tissue. Naive second recipients did not reject
      the grafts acutely and failed to mount T-dependent immunity against AUG targets.
      When later challenged with spleen cells carrying the AUG haplotype, the naive
      second AS recipients showed strong IgM, IgG, and cytotoxic T-cell responses after
      grafting, and the kidneys were rapidly destroyed by immune rejection in all but
      one rat. It is concluded that long-surviving kidney allografts fail to activate
      helper T cells and induce in naive second recipients the same state of
      unresponsiveness observed in the first recipient.

PMID- 383875
TI  - Failure of long surviving, passively enhanced kidney allografts to provoke T
      dependent alloimmunity. II. Retransplantation of (AS X AUG)F1 kidneys from AS
      primary recipients into (AS X WF)F1 secondary hosts.
AB  - Long surviving, passively enhanced (AS X AUG)F1 kidneys carried by AS recipients
      were retransplanted into (AS X WF)F1 second hosts. Acute graft rejection did not
      occur. Only one of six secondary recipients mounted a significant T-dependent IgG
      lymphocytotoxic antibody response. In all six, generation of cytotoxic T cells
      was markedly slower and depressed. These results are compatible with the
      hypothesis that kidney parenchyma, although carrying major histocompatibility
      complex specificity is able to induce T-independent but not T-dependent
      alloimmunity. A corollary is that passenger cells are responsible for exciting
      the T-dependent allimmune response normally observed after grafing. The practical
      difficulty of eliminating all T-dependent immunogenicity from (AS X AUG)F1
      kidneys was emphasized by the observation that a 3-d residence in an intermediate
      AS recipient was insufficient time to prevent acute graft rejection after
      retransplantation.

PMID- 383876
TI  - Distribution of mast-cell precursors in hematopoeitic and lymphopoietic tissues
      of mice.
AB  - Two experimental systems were used to investigate the origin of precursor cells
      which differentiate into tissue mast cells in vivo. (a) Increase of mast cell
      number was examined in the skin, stomach, cecum, and mesentery of genetically
      mast cell-depleted WBB6F1 (WB X C57BL/6)-W/WV mice after the injection of various
      hematolymphoid cells of congenic +/+ mice. (b) Appearance of mast cells with
      giant granules was studied in irradiated C57BL/6-+/+ mice after the injection of
      lymphoid cells of C57BL/6-bgJ/bgJ (beige, Chediak-Higashi syndrome) mice.
      Concentrations of mast cell precursors in the thymus, lymph node and Peyer's
      patch were less than 0.1% of the concentration in the bone marrow. Neither
      treatment of donor bone marrow cells with anti-Thy-1.2 serum and complement nor
      thymectomy of the recipient mice affects the development of mast cells in the
      skin, stomach, cecum, and mesentery. Moreover, the number of mast cells increased
      to normal level when the skin of WBB6F1-W/WV mice was grafted on the back of nude
      athymic (BALB/c-nu/nu) mice. These results indicate that mast cell precursors are
      derived from hematopoietic tissues rather than lymphopoetic ones and that the
      differentiation of the precursor cells does not depend on T lymphocytes or the
      thymus.

PMID- 383878
TI  - Effects of immobilized immune complexes on Fc- and complement-receptor function
      in resident and thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages.
AB  - We have examined the Fc- and complement-receptor function of resident and
      thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages plated on surfaces coated
      with rabbit antibody-antigen complexes and with complement. We derive four major
      conclusions from these studies. (a) The trypsin-resistant Fc receptors of
      resident and thioglycollate-elicited macrophages are completely modulated when
      these cells are plated on rabbit antibody-antigen complexes. Residual Fc receptor
      activity is a result of the incomplete modulation of trypsin-sensitive IgG2a
      receptors. (b) The complement receptors of thioglycollate-elicited macrophages,
      but not of resident macrophages, are modulated when these cells are plated on
      complement-coated surfaces. The capacity of the two cell types to modulate their
      complement receptors is correlated with their ability to ingest complement-coated
      erythrocytes. (c) The complement and Fc receptors of both types of macrophages
      move independently of one another. (d) Complement masks the Fc segments of IgG in
      immune complexes thereby rendering them ineffective as ligands for macrophage Fc
      receptors.

PMID- 383877
TI  - Hybrid resistance to EL-4 lymphoma cells. I. Characterization of natural killer
      cells that lyse EL-4 cells and their distinction from marrow-dependent natural
      killer cells.
AB  - Natural killer (NK) cells from nonimmunized mice capable of lysing EL-4 (C57BL/6
      strain H-2b) tissue culture-adapted lymphoma cells have been analyzed and
      compared with NK cells which lyse YAC-1 (A-strain, H-2a) lymphoma cells. A
      correlation was seen in the ability of inbred and B6D2F1 mice to reject C57BL/6
      (B6) bone-marrow grafts and the ability of their spleen cells to lyse EL-4 cells
      in vitro. This suggests that hybrid or hemopoietic histocompatibility antigens,
      (Hh-1b), relevant in the rejection of B6 stem cells may also be the relevant
      target structures for the anti-EL-4 NK cells. Certain features of these NK cells
      are similar to the NK cells reactive against YAC-1 cells. Both types of NK cells
      are present in athymic nude mice, are not affected by treatment with anti
      immunoglobulin plus complement, and are not depleted by techniques that remove
      macrophages. NK activity against both targets is stimulated 3 d after injection
      of Corynebacterium parvum, and 24 h after challenge with
      polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. Hydrocortisone acetate and cyclophosphamide lead
      to reduction of NK activity within 2-3 d after administration. However, the anti
      YAC and anti-EL-4 NK reactivities differed in several important respects.
      Treatment of mice with 89Sr, the bone-seeking isotope, to deplete marrow
      dependent cells, depleted the anti-YAC-1 but not anti-EL-4 cell functions. Anti
      EL-4 NK cells were unaffected by silica particles in vivo or in vitro; the NK
      cells reactive to EL-4 cells matured functionally much earlier in life (5 d of
      age) and the function did not decline with age. Irradiated mice reconstituted
      with syngeneic marrow or spleen cells developed functional NK cells against EL-4
      targets before they developed anti-YAC-1 NK cells in their spleen. Thus anti-EL-4
      NK cells that express hybrid resistance in vitro appear to differ from anti-YAC-1
      NK cells and do not require an intact marrow microenvironment for functional
      differentiation. Despite differences in the NK-cell types involved in the lysis
      of YAC-1 and EL-4 cells, these two tumor cells share certain common determinants.
      This was ascertained both by cold competition and by utilization of YAC-1 and EL
      4 cell monolayers as immunoadsorbents. We conclude that Hh-1b is the common
      antigen present in EL-4 and YAC-1 cells, because B6D2F1 anti-B6 (anti-Hh-1b)
      cytotoxic T lymphocytes lysed both the tumor cells. Our data suggest that Hh-1b
      antigen is recognized by both types of NK cells, but that additional determinants
      must be present on YAC-1 cells. Two models of NK cell lysis compatible with the
      data are presented.

PMID- 383880
TI  - [Artificial endocrine pancreas (author's transl)].
AB  - 16 years ago Kadish (1963) Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Org. 9, 363--367) published
      his first pioneering experiments with an extracorporal blood glucose regulating
      machine. These experiments were fundamental to the development of an artificial
      endocrine pancreas that replaces the natural regulator of the blood glucose.
      Enormous improvements have been done as far as analytical and computer technology
      and algorithms are concerned. Satisfactory but time-limited insulin therapy of
      problematic diabetics is feasable and benefical. However, in spite of a very
      great miniaturization of the analytical device, of the computer system, or of the
      insulin delivery pump, we are still far away from a durable, or at least long
      term implantation of an artificial endocrine pancreas.

PMID- 383879
TI  - Augmentation of macrophage complement receptor function in vitro. I.
      Characterization of the cellular interactions required for the generation of a T
      lymphocyte product that enhances macrophage complement receptor function.
AB  - The function of complement receptors of mouse peritoneal macrophages was
      converted in vitro from mediating only attachment of macrophage complement
      receptor function was achieved by treating freshly explanted macrophages with
      supernates from cultures containing T lymphocytes and appropriately triggered
      macrophages. Fc receptor-mediated phagocyctosis by macrophages was required for
      the production of active supernates, for neither ingestion via the cells'
      complement receptors nor ingestion via nonimmunologic means was a sufficient
      stimulus for the macrophages' participation in the generation of supernatant
      activity. Fc receptor-triggered macrophages interacted by a contact dependent,
      but histocompatibility independent, mechanism with T lymphocytes, thereby
      signalling the lymphocytes to elaborate the active product. The possible
      significance of enhanced macrophage complement receptor function in inflammation,
      host defense against microbial pathogens, immune complex disease, and neoplasia
      is discussed.

PMID- 383881
TI  - [Algorithm for extracorporal blood glucose regulation (author's transl)].
AB  - A control mechanism is described, based on a simple proportional/differential
      regulation. The calculation takes one minute and it takes into account glucose
      degradation, insulin half life in vivo, and the delay between blood sampling and
      insulin action on the blood glucose value. This is repeated continuously every
      minute (short time mode) or every 5 minutes or more (long time mode), depending
      on the rate of change of the blood glucose. Operator decision is based on
      digitally converted tables, which are analogous to the graph of proportional
      control, and on glucose equivalent tables, which give the insulin effect on
      glucose as a function of time.

PMID- 383882
TI  - [Determination of thyroxine in serum by a heterogeneous enzyme immunoassay:
      results of a joint trial].
AB  - This paper describes the evaluation of a heterologous enzyme immunoassay for the
      determination of total thyroxine in serum by a group of seven clinical chemical
      laboratories. The test follows the principles of the enzyme linked immunosorbent
      assay (ELISA) and uses peroxidase as a marker. The evaluation of analytical
      reliability yielded the following results within the analytical range from 39
      unto 322 nmol/l: 1. Within-batch precision ranged from 3.1 unto 10.4%
      (coefficient of variation) with single analyses. 2. Between-batch precision
      ranged from 3.7 unto 20.4% with single analyses. 3. Between-laboratories
      precision ranged from 5.4 unto 6.8%. 4. Pure thyroxine, added to serum or
      thyroxine-free serum, gave recoveries between 93 and 120%. 5. Analysis of control
      sera gave results essentially comparable to the assigned values based upon
      radioimmunoassays. 6. Analysis of 288 clinical sera gave slightly higher results
      by the enzyme immunoassay than by the analogous radioimmunoassay from the same
      manufacturer. 7. Comparison with other methods of analysis (radioimmunoassays,
      competitive protein ligand assays, hormonal iodine assay) yielded partly
      comparable, partly higher results. 8. Comparison with the homogenous enzyme
      immunoassay (EMIT) led to comparable results. 9. Interference due to hyperlipemia
      or hemolysis was not observed. 10. There might be an interference in
      hyperbilirubinaemic sera, due to an as yet unknown factor. With respect to
      practicability the ELISA-test compares favourably with the analogous solid phase
      radioimmunoassay. The main differences are the absence of radioactive material
      and a longer shelf-live of reagents. Following the manual procedure the time
      taken to perform the enzyme immunoassay is slightly longer than for the analogous
      radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 383883
TI  - Evaluation of enzyme immunoassays for determination of thyroxine (EMIT, ENZYMUN)
      and of thyroxine binding index.
AB  - An evaluation of enzyme immunoassays for determination of thyroxine in serum
      (EMIT ABA thyroxine assay, Syva Corp., ENZYMUN assay thyroxine, Boehringer
      Mannheim) and of thyroxine binding index (ENZYMUN assay TBI1), Boehringer
      Mannheim) is presented. The precision of the enzyme immunoassays was adequate
      (coefficients of variation ranged from day to day with EMIT from 3--11% and with
      ENZYMUN from 4--11%). Both assays are specific and easy to perform. About 20
      unknown samples can be analyzed in duplicate by EMIT within 60 minutes and by
      ENZYMUN within 250 minutes. A comparison of the results obtained by enzyme
      immunoassays and radioimmunoassay in a series of about 100 patients showed a good
      correlation between both methods. The precision of the ENZYMUN TBI assay was
      adequate (coefficient of variation from day to day 4.9%) and the thyroxine/TBI
      ratio correlated well with the thyroxine/TBG-ratio.

PMID- 383884
TI  - Strategies for diagnosing vaginitis.
AB  - Detailed history, physical examination, laboratory, and follow-up data were
      obtained from 821 patients presenting to a primary care clinic over an 18-month
      period with the symptoms of vaginal infection or urinary tract infection (UTI).
      Information useful in deciding when to perform a vaginal examination, when to
      obtain various types of cultures, and when to perform microscopic examination of
      a saline suspension or Gram stain is presented. Of particular interest were the
      findings that patients with dysuria more commonly have vaginitis than UTI, the
      superiority of a saline examination to other means of diagnosing yeast vaginitis,
      and the rarity of a positive trichomonas preparation when the vaginal discharge
      had a curd-like appearance.

PMID- 383886
TI  - Ovarian cysts masquerading as metastatic cancer.

PMID- 383885
TI  - Hyperactivity: a current assessment.
AB  - Hyperactivity in children is frequently overdiagnosed and inappropriately
      managed. When a syndrome of hyperactive behavior associated with learning
      difficulties is established, aggressive multifaceted management is indicated.
      Many possible etiologies have been suggested, but none of these has yet been
      proven. It may well be that more than one etiology exists and that many children
      have multiple factors contributing to their illness. None of the nontraditional
      therapies recently receiving attention, such as the Feingold diet, have had any
      proven benefit, although scattered anecdotal reports and some recent controlled
      trials suggest that some nontraditional therapies may be of limited value in some
      children. The most important consideration in therapy is that of defining
      specific problem areas for each individual child and assuring that each is dealt
      with appropriately. Caution must be exercised to avoid the pitfall of using drugs
      as the sole modality of treatment. Finally, parental education must never be
      overlooked.

PMID- 383887
TI  - Profile/Richard S. Hodes, M.D. legislator, medical leader.

PMID- 383888
TI  - Patterns of mobilization of the Proteus mirabilis chromosome by R plasmids.
AB  - R plasmids R40a, Rip69, R447b, R769 belonging to incompatibility groups A-C, M,
      N, V, respectively, were investigated for chromosomal mobilizing ability in
      Proteus mirabilis. Plasmids R40a, Rip69 and R447b mediated polarized transfer of
      markers in a clockwise direction from origins near tyr-1, metF and ser-2,
      respectively, on the linkage map. The recovery frequency per donor cell of
      proximal markers approached 1 x 10(-4) for these three plasmids and the
      efficiency of chromosomal transfer was higher than that of the previously studied
      plasmid D. The plasmid-guided chromosomal trajectories overlap and it was
      possible to complement results obtained with plasmid D to assemble a time-of
      entry chromosomal map and directly establish the circularity of the linkage
      group. The map comprises a length of 93 min in terms of transfer time. Plasmid
      R769 had a different pattern of chromosome transfer. This plasmid produced
      recombinants for all markers at frequencies of about 4 x 10(-6) per donor. It
      effected multiple and more or less simultaneous entry of markers and produced
      recombination over lengths of chromosome rarely corresponding to more than 10 min
      on the linkage map.

PMID- 383889
TI  - Pleiotropic aspartate taxis and serine taxis mutants of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Mutants that at one time were thought to be specifically defective in taxis
      toward aspartate and related amino acids (tar mutants) or specifically defective
      in taxis toward serine and related amino acids (tar mutants) are now shown to be
      pleiotropic in their defects. The tar mutants also lack taxis toward maltose and
      away from Co2+ and Ni2+. The tsr mutants are altered in their response to a
      variety of repellents. Double mutants (tar tsr) fail in nearly all chemotactic
      responses. The tar and tsr mutants provide evidence for two complementary,
      converging pathways of information flow: certain chemoreceptors feed information
      into the tar pathway and others into the tsr pathway. The tar and tsr products
      have been shown to be two different sets of methylated proteins.

PMID- 383891
TI  - Microbiological surveillance.

PMID- 383890
TI  - Isolation by differential and zonal centrifugation of minicells segregated by
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Minicells segregated from Escherichia coli chi925 carrying a drug-resistance
      plasmid were separated from nucleated cells by differential centrifugation and
      purified by rate-zonal centrifugation in sucrose gradients. Minicells purified in
      this way were capable of donating the plasmid to nucleated cells. They also
      incorporated thymidine, uridine and methionine into macromolecules. Methods are
      described for purification of plasmid-containing minicells on a scale large
      enough to allow isolation of DNA, DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase in sufficient
      quantities for studies of enzymes involved in replication and transcription of
      plasmid DNA.

PMID- 383892
TI  - The bacterial nucleoid.

PMID- 383893
TI  - The pools of ribosomal proteins and ribosomal ribonucleic acids during relaxed
      control of Escherichia coli A19 (Hfr, rel met rns).
AB  - The soluble fraction extracted from Escherichia coli A19 (Hfr, rel met rns)
      during early and late times of phenotypic and genotypic induced relaxed control
      have been examined for the possible accumulation of ribosomal proteins (r
      proteins) and rRNA species during this time of unbalanced macromolecular
      synthesis. Ribosomal proteins and rRNA species were not found to accumulate
      within the soluble fraction at any time during this period of relaxed control;
      even after the typical rRNA accumulation had ceased, r-proteins did not
      accumulate. It is concluded, from these and related observations, that the r
      proteins and rRNA species known to be produced during relaxation must immediately
      associate to form the unusual ribonucleoprotein particles (e.g. 'relaxed
      particles' and 'chloramphenicol particles') characteristic of periods of relaxed
      control. Since r-proteins do not accumulate even when net RNA accumulation halts,
      it appears that some elements of the normal, basic co-ordination between rRNA and
      r-protein synthesis/stability persist even during relaxed control.

PMID- 383894
TI  - Differences between the anthranilate-5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate
      phosphoribosyltransferases of Salmonella typhimurium strains LT2 and LT7.
AB  - The anthranilate-5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferases (PRT),
      coded by the second structural gene (trpB) of the tryptophan (trp) operon in
      strains LT2 and LT7 of Salmonella typhimurium, differ from each other in a number
      of parameters. These include the apparent Km values for their substrates
      anthranilic acid and 5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate, thermostability, sensitivity
      to substrate inhibition by anthranilic acid, as well as end-product inhibition by
      tryptophan and specific activity. The PRT of strain LT7 further differs from that
      of strain LT2 in that its apparent Km for 5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate is three
      to seven times higher when associated with anthranilate synthase in the enzyme
      complex which catalyses the first two steps of tryptophan biosynthesis than in
      its free uncomplexed form, which the PRT of strain LT2 shows the same apparent Km
      for this substrate in both its free and complexed forms. These results confirm
      and extend the finding of Stuttard (1975) that strains LT2 and LT7 differ
      genetically form each other at a single site within region II of the trpB gene.

PMID- 383895
TI  - Studies on the interaction of Mycobacterium microti and Mycobacterium
      lepraemurium with mouse polymorphonuclear leucocytes.
AB  - When polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) elicited in mice were infected with
      Mycobacterium microti or Mycobacterium lepraemurium, phagosome-lysosome fusion
      occurred with both species. This contrasts with the situation in macrophages
      where phagosome-lysosome fusion is inhibited by M. microti but not M.
      lepraemurium. No evidence was found for killing of M. microti or M. lepraemurium
      when the bacteria were isolated from PMN and their viability tested in cell-free
      medium or macrophages.

PMID- 383896
TI  - High and low toxin production by a non-toxigenic strain of Clostridium botulinum
      type C following infection with type C phages of different passage history.
AB  - Toxin production in Clostridium botulinum types C and D is governed by specific
      bacteriophages. Prior passages of a phage controlling type C toxin production
      caused subsequently lysogenized bacteria to become variably toxigenic. This
      appears to be one of the causes of the decrease in toxigenicity which is common
      in some type C and D strains. The morphology of bacteria was also changed from
      rod-shaped to filamentous by infection with a successively propagated phage.

PMID- 383897
TI  - Storage death at low temperature (--18 degrees C) of strains of Escherichia coli
      with different repair capacities.

PMID- 383898
TI  - Host modification of chlamydiae: differential infectivity for cell monolayers of
      chlamydiae grown in eggs and monolayers.
AB  - Cell monolayer-grown chlamydiae (CGO) differed from egg-grown organisms (EGO) in
      their increased spontaneous infectivity relative to centrifuge-assisted
      infectivity for monolayers. For each population spontaneous: centrifuge-assisted
      infectivity ratios were constant over a wide dose range. Spontaneous infection
      increased linearly with time and could not be exhausted from either population by
      prolonged adsorption; there was no change in infectivity ratios in residual
      supernatants. Further, one passage of EGO through monolayers gave CGO with stable
      infectivity properties not increased by further cell passage yet reverting on a
      single passage in eggs. Spontaneous infection of monolayers with EGO gave progeny
      with the same infectivity ratios as monolayers infected with EGO by
      centrifugation. The change in properties following EGO infection of monolayers
      occurred prior to natural release from cells. We conclude that EGO and CGO are
      two phenotypically distinct, homogeneous populations. The two infection modes are
      not properties of subpopulations within EGO and CGO. The relationship of these
      observations on chlamydiae to other possible host-imposed phenomena is
      considered.

PMID- 383900
TI  - Transduction of fimbriation demonstrating common ancestry in FIRN strains of
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The production of fimbriate (Fim+) recombinants was observed in transductional
      crosses between different pairs of wild-type strains of different biotypes of
      Salmonella typhimurium. Fim+ recombinants were readily produced in transductions
      from Fim+ donor strains to Fim- recipient strains and, less frequently, between
      some pairs of Fim- strains, for example, between almost any strain of the firn
      biogroup (Fim- Inl- Rha- Bxyl-) and many strains of the non-FIRN Fim- biogroup.
      None of numerous crosses between different pairs of FIRN strains gave Fim+
      recombinants, suggesting that the fim mutation was present at the same intragenic
      site in all FIRN strains. FIRN strains are thought to have descended from a
      single ancestral FIRN bacterium which originated by a series of mutations from a
      strain of the common biotype 1a (Fim+ Inl+ Rha+ Bxyl+). Two FIRN-like (Fim- Inl+
      Rha- Bxyl-) strains that did not yield Fim+ recombinants in crosses with FIRN
      strains were probably wild-type Inl+ mutants from FIRN strains.

PMID- 383899
TI  - Host modification of chlamydiae: presence of an egg antigen on the surface of
      chlamydiae grown in the chick embryo.
AB  - Egg-grown chlamydiae (EGO) have a yolk sac antigen assoicated with their surface
      which is absent from cell monolayer-grown organisms (CGO). EGO infectivity was
      specifically neutralized by rabbit antiserum to normal yolk sac; CGO infectivity,
      before or after incubation with normal yolk sac material, was not neutralized.
      Treatment of EGO with Clostridium welchii culture filtrate, containing
      phospholipase C, abolished spontaneous infectivity for monolayers and
      neutralization by anti-yolk sac antiserum but did not affect centrifuge-assisted
      infectivity. The possible significance of host antigen on the chlamydial surface
      is considered.

PMID- 383901
TI  - Location of binding sites on common type 1 fimbriae from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Common type 1 fimbriae were isolated from Escherichia coli and their length
      distribution profile was determined before and after treatment with ultrasound.
      As fimbriae were shortened, so their haemagglutinating capacity decreased, but
      their ability to bind to erythrocytes did not decrease to the same extent.
      Isolated fimbriae did not agglutinate inside-out vesicles prepared from horse
      erythrocytes or liposomes, suggesting that the binding mechanism was not based on
      non-specific hydrophobic interactions. The results support a lateral rather than
      a terminal location for the fimbrial binding site responsible for
      haemagglutination.

PMID- 383902
TI  - Salmonella phage glycanases: substrate specificity of the phage P22 endo
      rhamnosidase.
AB  - Interaction between phage P22 and phenol-water extracted lipopolysaccharides from
      sensitive Salmonella bacteria belonging to serogroups A, B and Di results in
      hydrolysis of the alpha-L-rhamnosyl linkages within the tetrasaccharide repeating
      unit of the O-antigenic polysaccharide chain. These O-antigens have identical
      structures except for the nature of the 3,6-dideoxy-hexosyl group linked to O-3
      of the D-mannosyl residue. Removal of the dideoxysugar, or periodate oxidation
      followed by borohydride reduction of the L-rhamnosyl residue made the O chain
      resistant to the endo-rhamnosidase. Substitution of the D-galactosyl residue at O
      4, but not at O-6, with an alpha-D-glucosyl group was compatible with hydrolysis.
      A number of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Shigella flexneri lipo- or capsular
      polysaccharides containing chain L-rhamnosyl residues were tested but none was
      sensitive to the P22 endo-rhamnosidase. The substrate specificity of the endo
      rhamnosidase parallels the lytic specificity of the phage which suggests that the
      initial step in phage P22 infection is a P22 tail enzyme O-antigen substrate
      interaction. The main product of the hydrolysate was octa-, dodeca- and
      hexadecasaccharides. Treatment of phage FO resistant smooth strains of S.
      typhimurium with P22 tails removed O polysaccharide chains and made previously
      'hidden' FO receptors accessible to the phage.

PMID- 383903
TI  - Hemolysis-in-gel test in immunity surveys and diagnosis of rubella.
AB  - The hemolysis-in-gel (HIG) technique was adapted for rubella antibody
      determinations. Use of sucrose gradient purified virus and its coupling with
      CrCl3 to chicken erythrocytes resulted in gel plates that could be stored for
      several weeks and were suitable for reproducible antibody determinations. In a
      serological survey of young healthy adults the HIG values (range less than 2--13
      mm) were in close correlation to those obtained by the HI test (less than 10 5o
      320). The Hig test seems well suited for screening the need of vaccination.
      Seronegative sera (HIG less than 2,HI less than 10) gave without heat
      inactivation hemolysis zones ranging from 4 to 6.5 mm. Although the present
      rubella HIG test did not measure IgM antibodies, the test, by virtue of its
      accuracy and sensitivity--extending to antibody levels corresponding to HI titers
      2--10--provides a simpler and more rapid means for diagnosis of rubella
      infections than the conventional HI and CF tests.

PMID- 383904
TI  - Hepatitis B core antibody in volunteer blood donors: comparison of
      radioimmunoassay and indirect immunofluorescence.
AB  - The results of a pilot study on the prevalence of anti-HBc in HBsAg negative
      volunteer blood donors are presented. Two techniques for anti-HBc determination
      were compared--radioimmunoassay (RIA) and indirect immunofluorescence (IF). In a
      panel of 56 sera with known HBV markers, RIA was found to be significantly more
      sensitive than IF, and both techniques were specific. Out of 2,000 HBsAg negative
      blood donor sera tested by RIA, 46 (2.3%) were found positive for anti-HBc. In
      24/24 sera, the specificity of the anti-HBc was confirmed. Also 37/46 (80.4%)
      anti-HBc positives were found positive for anti-HBs, leaving 9/2,000 (0.4%) blood
      donors positive only for anti-HBc. It is concluded that it would be premature to
      advocate the introduction of anti-HBc as a routine screening test of blood
      donors.

PMID- 383905
TI  - Effect of acute stress on the absorption and distribution of zinc and on Zn
      metallothionein production in the liver of the chick.
AB  - A study has been made of the effects of chloroform inhalation, Escherichia coli
      endotoxin injection and hydrocortisone injection on the absorption of a single
      intragastric dose of 65Zn by the chick. Injection of hydrocortisone increased the
      absorption of the 65Zn by 30-55% in both Zn-deficient and Zn-supplemented chicks.
      The influence of chloroform and endotoxin was less consistent; the former
      treatment only increased 65Zn absorption and endotoxin was less consistent; the
      former treatment only increased 65Zn absorption in Zn-supplemented chicks fed ad
      libitum whereas endotoxin only increased that in Zn-supplemented chicks on a
      restricted food intake. Injection of endotoxin increased the hepatic uptake of
      the absorbed 65Zn in both Zn-deficient and Zn-supplemented chicks, whereas
      hydrocortisone had a similar effect in the Zn-supplemented birds only. Chloroform
      inhalation increased hepatic 65Zn uptake in Zn-deficient chicks only. The
      increase in hepatic Zn concentrations in the stressed chicks was mainly
      associated with a protein in the cytosol identified as metallothionein. Both
      endotoxin and hydrocortisone decreased total plasma Zn concentrations in Zn
      supplemented and Zn-deficient chicks; chloroform decreased plasma 65Zn content
      only.

PMID- 383906
TI  - Endodontic considerations for the overdenture.

PMID- 383907
TI  - Periodontal considerations for the overdenture.

PMID- 383908
TI  - Indications, advantages and clinical procedures for overdentures.

PMID- 383909
TI  - Enamel bonding of pontics with accessory anchorage.

PMID- 383910
TI  - Neurosurgery at the crossroads: leadership role of the American Association of
      Neurological Surgeons. The 1979 AANS presidential address.
AB  - The President of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) reviews
      the formative history of the major neurosurgical societies, together with their
      agreement to consolidate their efforts in the joint AANS. As a united group, the
      Association has been effective in carrying out relations with other professional
      organizations and with government. Long-range planning is being pursued steadily
      to increase the role of organized neurosurgery in maintenance of, and improvement
      in, patient care, education, and research.

PMID- 383911
TI  - Anterior cervical discectomy and interbody fusion. An experimental study using a
      synthetic tricalcium phosphate.
AB  - This study evaluates the histological and histochemical changes and osteogenicity
      of Synthos (tricalcium phosphate ceramic) implanted in the cervical
      intervertebral space. The cervical vertebrae from C-3 to C-6 were exposed in 20
      dogs, and discectomy was performed at the third and fifth spaces. A dowel of
      Synthos was inserted into the third space, and a piece of fresh autologous graft
      from the humerus was inserted into the fifth space. The animals were divided into
      five groups with four animals in each. Four animals were sacrificed at each of 3,
      6, 12, 18, and 22 weeks after the procedure. The C-3 to C-6 vertebrae were
      removed en bloc. One-half of each specimen was processed for histological
      examination of bone development, while the other half was processed for the two
      color fluorescent labeling technique of Suzuki and Matthews for determination of
      osteogenesis at the time of operation and sacrifice. Various degrees of
      compression of the Synthos dowel were noted, with anterior and/or posterior
      displacement of the implant in 70% of the cases. Results indicate that the
      Synthos implant was biochemically and biomechanically unacceptable for the
      purposes of this investigation.

PMID- 383912
TI  - Iliac crest fracture after removal of two bone plugs for anterior cervical
      fusion. Case report.
AB  - A case is reported in which the iliac crest fractured following removal of two
      bone plugs. The plugs had been removed for use in a double cervical vertebral
      body fusion operation by the method of Cloward.

PMID- 383913
TI  - Development of management thought.

PMID- 383914
TI  - Richard Henry Barnes (1911--1978)--a biographical sketch.

PMID- 383916
TI  - Immunofluorescent findings in oral bullous lichen planus.

PMID- 383915
TI  - Comparative susceptibility of starch granules of double- and triple-mutants
      containing amylose-extender, waxy, sugary-1, sugary-2 and dull genes of maize
      inbred OH43 (Zea mays L.) to amylase.
AB  - Starch granules were prepared from 14 double- and 26 triple-mutants containing
      amylose-extender (ae), 14 double- and 18 triple-mutants containing waxy (wx), 15
      double- and 20 triple-mutants containing sugary-1 (su1), 13 double- and 23 triple
      mutants containing sugary-2 (su2), and 14 double- and 19 triple-mutants
      containing dull (du) of maize inbred Oh43 (Zea mays L.). The relative
      susceptibilities of these starch granules to fungal glucoamylase were determined
      and the starch granules were examined by scanning electron microscopy. A
      commercial normal maize starch was used as a control. Starch granules of the
      double- and triple-mutants containing su1 and su2 were digested two to eight
      times faster than normal. The ae gene reduced susceptibility and seems to be
      epistatic to su1 and su2. Starch granules of the double- and triple-mutants
      containing wx were digested about two times faster than normal and those
      containing shrunken-2 (sh2) were digested 1.2 to eight times faster than normal.
      Starch granules of triple-mutant combinations with opaque-2 (o2) showed digestion
      properties which were comparable to those of their respective monopaque double
      mutant counterpart.

PMID- 383917
TI  - Dr. Sidney S. Sorrin Jan. 15, 1900--Oct. 27, 1978.

PMID- 383918
TI  - Fluorescent antibody detection of CEA in oral squamous carcinoma.

PMID- 383919
TI  - Osteitis deformans. A case of late involvement of the maxilla.

PMID- 383920
TI  - Dr. Lynch to receive ADA Distinguished Service Award.

PMID- 383922
TI  - Timing, results, and complications of mandibular reconstructive surgery: report
      of 32 cases.
AB  - Sufficient information concerning the difficulties encountered in reconstructive
      surgery is rarely provided in the literature. This study, which was performed on
      32 patients, points out a high rate of complication; major and minor
      complications were encountered in 68.8% of the patients. Benign and traumatic
      lesions caused the fewest problems. Malignant lesions, particularly those
      receiving radiotherapy, had the greatest incidence of complications. Successful
      reconstruction was accomplished in 75% of the cases. The use of a
      corticocancellous autogenous graft is suggested in selected cases of malignant
      disease.

PMID- 383921
TI  - Cellular survival of human marrow during placement of marrow-cancellous bone
      grafts.
AB  - The survival of human marrow cells during the placement of marrow-cancellous bone
      grafts was studied by three independent viability assays. Marrow cells are
      resistant cells able to survive the surgical harvest from the ilium. Salt
      solutions such as normal saline solution and 5% dextrose in water (D5W) were
      superior to tissue culture medium, the serum of the patients, and several other
      solutions in supporting the survival of the graft cells. High survival rates of
      marrow cells stored in normal saline solution and D5W for four hours or less
      established that 95% to 100% live cells can be transplanted even with long delays
      between harvest and placement of the graft.

PMID- 383923
TI  - Dr. Jack Gamble installed as AAOMS president; Dr. Babett is president-elect.

PMID- 383924
TI  - Dr. M. Hale retires as chairman of Iowa's oral surgery department.

PMID- 383925
TI  - [E.P. Dr. med. Ryuichi Matsuda (1898--1979) (author's transl)].

PMID- 383926
TI  - Management of interstitial emphysema by high-frequency low positive-pressure hand
      ventilation in the neonate.

PMID- 383927
TI  - Reye-like syndrome associated with valproic acid therapy.

PMID- 383928
TI  - Suppressed responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in girls with
      unsustained isosexual precocity.
AB  - Eleven girls, ages 10/12 to 76/12 years, were evaluated because of early and
      rapid breast development. Initial clinical presentations and serum gonadotropin
      or estradiol determinations did not differentiate patient types. However,
      patients could be divided into two groups based on their responses to synthetic
      gonadotropin-releasing hormone: Group A consisted of seven girls with suppressed
      or prepubertail-type responses, and Group B consisted of four girls with pubertal
      or adult-type responses. Subsequent evaluation revealed that Group A patients had
      intermittent or unsustained isosexual precocity, whereas Group B patients had
      isiopathic prococious puberty. During initial evaluation, increased serum or
      urinary estrogen values were noted in ten of ten patients who were studied. The
      greatest serum E2 values (162 and 117 pg/ml) were noted in two Group A patients;
      three months and two years later, those patients had normal prepubertal responses
      to GnRH and serum E2 values of less than 4 and 14 pg/ml, respectively.
      Unsustained sexual precocoity in girls may be secondary to autonomous ovarian
      production of estrogens, and the GnRH test may be useful in evaluation of girls
      with isosexual precocity.

PMID- 383929
TI  - Familial nesidioblastosis: severe neonatal hypoglycemia in two families.
AB  - Severe neonatal hypoglycemia with pathologic findings of diffuse nesidoblastosis
      of the pancreas is described in five children of both sexes from two families
      with unaffected parents. This appears to represent an autosomal recessive
      disorder of pancreatic development. Despite extensive testing, the diagnosis of
      hyperinsulinism was difficult in the index case of each family and delayed
      definitive treatment. Medical therapy with steroids and diazoxide was
      unsuccessful; pancreatectomy was required to treat persistent hypoglycemia. An
      abnormality of circulating glucagon found in one child with this disorder
      suggested that hyperinsulinism may not be the sole hormonal imbalance present,
      but rather that this disease is one of generalized disturbance of islet cell
      function. The history of severe, persistent neonatal hypoglycemia in an older
      sibling should lead the physician to investigate subsequent children for the
      presence of asymptomatic hypoglycemia.

PMID- 383930
TI  - Serum IgE antibodies in sudden infant death syndrome.

PMID- 383931
TI  - Precocious puberty after surgery for craniopharyngioma.

PMID- 383932
TI  - Prenatal diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies and other hematologic diseases.

PMID- 383934
TI  - A placebo-controlled trial of cephalexin therapy in the ambulatory management of
      patients with cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 383933
TI  - Rejection after bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia using an
      identical twin, followed by permanent success utilizing immunosuppression.

PMID- 383935
TI  - Use of the oral angiotensin I--converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril) in
      childhood malignant hypertension.

PMID- 383936
TI  - Synchronization of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocytic stages in culture.
AB  - Synchronous development of the erythrocytic stages of a human malaria parasite,
      Plasmodium falciparum, in culture was accomplished by suspending cultured
      parasites in 5% D-sorbitol and subsequent reintroduction into culture.
      Immediately after sorbitol treatment, cultures consisted mainly of single and
      multiple ring-form infections. At the same time, varying degrees of lysis of
      erythrocytes infected with the more mature stages of the parasite was evident.
      Approximately 95% of the parasites were in the ring stage of development at 48
      and 96 hr after sorbitol treatment-likewise, a high percentage of trophozoite and
      schizont stages was observed at 24, 72, and 120 hr. D-Mannitol produced similar,
      selective, lytic effects.

PMID- 383937
TI  - Steroids and bag and mask ventilation in the treatment of acute epiglottitis.
AB  - A non-instrumentation treatment protocol for acute epiglottitis that features the
      use of dexamethasone to reduce edema and positive pressure ventilation by bag and
      mark to support ventilation, if needed, has been used in 40 cases, 1974--1977,
      with no mortality. The presence of the airway specialist (pediatric surgeon) in
      the Intensive Care Unit with the patient further assured the airway. The
      importance of having a protocol in place that is workable for the specific local
      circumstances of each institution is emphasized.

PMID- 383938
TI  - The government and the inguinal hernia.
AB  - Our review of the incidence of inguinal hernias in children based on
      socioeconomic differences and their risk of incarceration with its subsequent
      complications, was prompted by a governmental decision to disallow elective
      herniorrhaphy in children over 1 yr of age. The review showed the following: The
      risk of incarceration, the failure of preoperative reduction and the potential
      gonadal injury is more than three times as high in the poor child, usually
      covered by Medicaid. Since operative and postoperative complications increase
      proportional to the incidence of incarcertain, the denial of an elective
      herniorrhaphy endangers the life of a child. Since the increased hospitalization
      after incarceration also increases the financial expenditure, this rule is not
      only medically but also economically unsound. This review suggests that
      unilateral governmental health care decisions, especially those aimed at cost
      containment, should be carefully scrutinized to determine what price not only the
      society, but the patient has to pay for the "cost containment". We feel that the
      price of the denial of a herniorrhaphy is too high.

PMID- 383939
TI  - Acid etch technique of fracture repair: description and current status.

PMID- 383940
TI  - Neonatal hypoglycemia, 1979.

PMID- 383941
TI  - Periosteal activation and root demineralization associated with the horizontal
      sliding flap.
AB  - A sliding flap technique for covering denuded root associated with periosteal
      activation and root demineralization "in situ" was described. The possible
      biological mechanisms involved were discussed. Two clinical cases were presented
      illustrating the successful results that can be achieved.

PMID- 383942
TI  - Comparison of healing following periodontal surgery with and without dressings in
      humans.
AB  - Seven patients with chronic moderate to severe generalized periodontitis
      requiring periodontal flap surgery were selected for study. Internally beveled
      full thickness, apically positioned flaps with osseous recontouring were
      performed in 20 quadrants. Half the quadrants received a noneugenol dressing, and
      the other half were left undressed. Fluid Index, Gingival Index, inflammatory
      index, pocket depth and patient comfort were studied up to 16 weeks
      postoperatively. Results showed no difference in these parameters between
      quadrants where periodontal dressings were or were not used following surgery.
      The patients reported more pain and discomfort and the pain and discomfort was
      more severe postoperatively when the dressing was used. The results of this study
      suggest that a surgical dressing serves no useful purpose when periodontal flap
      surgery is performed.

PMID- 383943
TI  - The histopathogenesis of acute ulcerative gingivitis.
AB  - The present study was a preliminary histological and immunofluorescent
      investigation of the edge of the ulcer in acute ulcerative gingivitis. The
      results of this study show that the lesion is dominated by polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes, with plasma cells present in the deeper parts. The epithelium on the
      edge shows widening of the intercellular spaces with destruction of the
      epithelial cells, accompanied by a heavy infiltrate of PMNs. Both IgG and C3
      could be demonstrated between these epithelial cells, although the present study
      could not establish whether this represented immune complex deposition. The
      histopathogenesis of AUG therefore seems to involve a PMN infiltration of the
      epithelium, with subsequent destruction of the epithelium, probably due to the
      release of hydrolytic enzymes. The presence of the PMNs within the epithelium may
      involve direct bacterial chemotaxis and/or the activation of complement via the
      classical or alternative pathways.

PMID- 383945
TI  - C.E. (Ed) Morris.

PMID- 383946
TI  - MMPI results of male candidates for transsexual surgery.
AB  - The MMPI was administered to a group of 27 male transsexual candidates for sex
      change surgery, and their test results were compared with those of 24 male kidney
      transplant surgical candidates and 26 males suspected of having a
      psychophysiological disorder. The data revealed a notable absence of
      psychopathology among the transsexuals as well as the kidney patients, while the
      psychophysiological patients showed the expected elevations in the
      Hypochondriasis, Depression, and Hysteria scales. The results were in keeping
      with previous research of male-to-female sex change candidates that reject the
      notion that transsexuals invariably suffer major emotional disturbance.

PMID- 383944
TI  - The evaluation of the periotron.
AB  - These preliminary investigations seem to indicate that the periotron may be
      useful in assessment of the presence of gingival inflammation in the clinical
      periodontal pockets. Successive recordings of the same volume varied from 5 to
      11%. Data from the periotron showed a high correlation with increased known
      volumes of fluid and with assessment of gingival inflammation using the GI.
      Assessment with the periotron varied with the dissipation constant of fluids.
      Since the dissipation constant of gingival fluid varied among individuals, this
      constant must be evaluated when the instrument is used in clinical and research
      efforts.

PMID- 383947
TI  - Structural biochemistry XIII: Synthesis of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      modification [Trp8]-LH-RH.
AB  - A fragment condensation method was utilized for synthesis of the Trp8-substituted
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH). tert-Butoxycarbonyl protection was
      employed for the alpha-amino positions, and benzyl protection was used for the
      phenol group of Tyr and the imidazole nitrogen of His. Peptide bond-forming
      reactions were performed using N-hydroxysuccinimide (for Trp),
      dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-1-hydroxybenzotriazole, 1-ethyl-3-(3'
      dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride, or mixed carbonic anhydride
      methods. Biological evaluation of [Trp8]-LH-RH indicated no luteinizing hormone
      releasing activity or inhibition of luteinizing hormone release over the dose
      ranges studied.

PMID- 383949
TI  - Characterization of neutral amino acid carriers at the basal side of salivary
      epithelium by paired-tracer single circulation [proceedings].

PMID- 383948
TI  - Endogenous prostaglandins and stimulated gastric secretion in the cat: the effect
      of various secretory inhibitors.
AB  - 1. The effects of cimetidine, somatostatin and atropine upon the outputs of acid,
      pepsin, prostaglandins (PG) E and F in gastric juice secreted in response to i.v.
      infusions of pentagastrin and histamine (H) have been studied in the conscious
      gastric fistula cat. 2. At constant rate infusions secretion of PGE occurs and
      follows a similar pattern to that of gastric acid. However the ratio of H:PGE
      varies considerably and to an extent inexplicable in terms of assay variation. 3.
      Inhibition of acid output is matched by inhibition of the output of PGE, but
      changes in concentration of PGE suggest this is a volume related phenomenon. 4.
      It is concluded that gastric juice PGE is most unlikely to have a regulatory
      effect upon acid secretion.

PMID- 383950
TI  - Langendorff and the perfused heart [proceedings].

PMID- 383952
TI  - Real-time computing in the teaching laboratory -- an analysis of heart rate
      transients [proceedings].

PMID- 383951
TI  - Diuresis from left atrial receptors: effect of plasma on the secretion of the
      Malpighian tubules of Rhodnius prolixus.
AB  - 1. Stimulation of left atrial receptors by distension of a balloon in the lumen
      of the left atrium of anaesthetized dogs was shown to result in an increase in
      urine flow. Plasma samples obtained from these dogs during control periods and
      during periods of stimulation were applied to the Malpighian tubules of Rhodnius
      prolixus. 2. It was found that the tubules suspended in test plasma secreted at a
      significantly lower rate than those suspended in control plasma. 3. These
      differences were also evident in extracts of plasma prepared using the solvent n
      butanol. 4. Cutting or cooling the cervical vagi abolished these differences
      along with the increase in urine flow. It is argued that this preparation of the
      Malpighian tubule of Rhodnius prolixus could be used as a means of detecting the
      diuretic agent responsible for the increase in urine flow.

PMID- 383954
TI  - Theophylline inhibition and stimulation of glucose-induced electrical activity in
      mouse pancreatic beta-cells [proceedings].

PMID- 383953
TI  - Differences in arachidonate metabolism between guinea-pig, rat and human isolated
      lung [proceedings].

PMID- 383955
TI  - Simultaneous measurements of insulin release and electrical activity from single
      microdissected mouse Islets of Langerhans [proceedings].

PMID- 383956
TI  - Calcium channel voltage noise across the beta-cell membrane in Islet of
      Langerhans of the mouse [proceedings].

PMID- 383957
TI  - Geriatric nutrition. I: Osteoporosis.

PMID- 383958
TI  - Tissue response to posterior denture base-type pontics.
AB  - Several factors have been presented that must be evaluated when selecting an
      appropriate posterior pontic design. Because of the controversy that exists with
      regard to using posterior denture base pontics, a long-span fixed partial denture
      was followed for 14 months. Results indicate that tissue health can be
      maintained, while tissue proliferation is inevitable. There is no one posterior
      pontic design that can be used to satisfy all requirements. Optimal pontic design
      can be accomplished only if each situation is evaluated on an individual basis
      and an appropriate design selected. Further controlled longitudinal clinical
      research of pontic design is mandatory for expansion of the ability to predict
      optimal prognosis.

PMID- 383959
TI  - Casting a gold alloy to embedded precision attachment metals.
AB  - The technique for casting a gold alloy to embedded attachment metals has been
      described. The joints of gold alloy cast to commercially available attachment
      metals were examined with a metallurgic and a scanning electron microscope. The
      investigation indicated that an uninterrupted gapless joint is possible, and that
      some diffusion occular along the interfaces with some attachment metals. In view
      of these findings, it is concluded that this technique can be recommended as a
      dental laboratory procedure.

PMID- 383960
TI  - Stress analysis of disjunct removable partial dentures.
AB  - The (1) tooth-supported, (2) ridge-supported, and (3) tooth- and ridge-supported
      variations of the disjunct removable partial denture were studied. When testing
      loads were applied to three sites, bilaterally and unilaterally, it was found
      that the stresses were highest when the removable partial framework was tooth
      support. No significant difference was recorded between the ridge-supported
      partial denture and the tooth- and ridge-supported partial framework. Further
      refinement of the pinsleeve mechanism may be necessary to effect better control
      over the distributions of the stresses.

PMID- 383961
TI  - Pitting corrosion for retaining acrylic resin facings.
AB  - 1. Pitting corrosion provides undercuts suitable for retaining a resin facing. 2.
      Using a cathode with a proper shape, pits were uniformly distributed on the
      surface of a metal casting. The size of pits varies, depending on the time of
      pitting treatment. 3. The retentive pits were excellent in both retentive
      strength and marginal sealing when compared with spherical powder and beads.

PMID- 383962
TI  - Effectiveness of porcelain repair systems.
AB  - The study indicates that the repair system using a bonding agent with acrylic
      resin is significantly stronger than the repair system using a specific composite
      resin. On the basis of this study, the acrylic resin repair system has the best
      potential for clinical success in porcelain-to-porcelain repairs.

PMID- 383963
TI  - Evaluation of resin die materials.
AB  - Some mechanical properties, physical characteristics, and manipulative features
      of three resin-based die materials were assessed. Advantages afforded by the
      strength and hardness of the test materials were overshadowed by relatively long
      setting times, incompatability with certain impression materials, and
      polymerization shrinkage. All dies aged beyond 24 hours were found to be
      unsuitable for use in precision fixed phosthodontic procedures.

PMID- 383964
TI  - Carbon-coated subperiosteal dental implants for fixed and movable prostheses.
AB  - Subperiosteal dental implants are not intended to replace conventional dentistry
      but provide an alternative method of treatment for the patient who cannot
      otherwise tolerate a dental prosthesis. Success can be achieved in the maxillae
      and in the mandible without the risk of serious complications. There are good
      prospects for a long-term favorable prognosis when appropriate surgical and
      prosthodontic criteria are observed.

PMID- 383965
TI  - Nonfunctional and functional occlusal contacts: a review of the literature.
AB  - A review of the literature on occlusal contacts emphasizes the following points.
      1. Contacts in centric occlusion do not correspond to any ideal occlusal diagram.
      2. Canine protection and group function appear to correspond to two successive
      states of the evolving dentition under the effect of abrasion. In most lateral
      occlusions, two maxillary teeth, of which one is the canine, are involved. 3.
      During mastication, tooth contacts exist. They occur most often during a sliding
      movement in which the direction and the origin are variable. This justifies the
      concept of an occlusal field of mastication. 4. During unilateral mastication,
      the chewing of the food is performed by working as well as nonworking contact.
      This imposes the distinction between the chewing and nonchewing sides
      (functional) and the working and nonworking sides (kinematic). 5. Centric
      occlusion is the occlusion most often used during mastication. It is also the
      occlusion for which the masticatory forces are the greatest. 6. The bibliographic
      data concerning occlusal contracts during swallowing are largely contradictory.
      It nevertheless seems that the occlusal contacts obey laws nearly the same as
      those governing the occlusal contact during mastication (sliding on an occlusal
      field of deglutition, and the importance of centric occlusion).

PMID- 383966
TI  - The cosmetic overdenture.
AB  - A technique has been described to show how a deviated midline, missing lateral
      incisor, and diastema were corrected with a cosmetic overdenture for a patient
      who is a professionl model. Irreversible procedures were unnecessary on an
      otherwise acceptable and functional dentition.

PMID- 383967
TI  - Border molding in mandibular denture impressions.
AB  - A modification of the border molding technique for lower dentures has been
      presented to increase the accuracy of this procedure.

PMID- 383968
TI  - Simplified method for removing intraradicular posts.
AB  - A technique for post removal prior to endodontic or restorative retreatment
      procedures has been presented. This simplified procedure is not only highly
      efficient, but also reduces or eliminates risks encountered in other treatment
      modalities.

PMID- 383969
TI  - Plasmodium falciparum in culture: improved continuous flow method.
AB  - A new design of flow vessel provides a method for continuous culture of P.
      falciparum in a settled layer of human erythrocytes with a slow flow of culture
      medium over them. The parasitemia is kept fluctuating from approximately 1%, just
      after addition of fresh erythrocytes, to approximately 10%, 2 or 3 days later.
      Each vessel provides each week 3 harvests, each containing approximately 0.6--1 X
      10(9) parasites.

PMID- 383970
TI  - Observations on gametogenesis in Plasmodium falciparum from continuous culture.
AB  - Gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum were produced in continuous cultures but
      eventually declined in numbers after 3--4 months in vitro. Their development
      progressed in a consistent pattern, from small rounded, through triangular, to
      ellipsoidal, and finally after 8 days to crescentic forms. Morphologic maturity
      occurred at 8--9 days, but the gametocytes would not exflagellate in vitro, even
      after 14--18 days of development. Thus, current culture methods cannot produce a
      continuous supply of functional gametes for further studies.

PMID- 383971
TI  - Electron microscopic study of Trypanosoma cruzi.

PMID- 383972
TI  - Surgical interests in some anomalies of the cervical viscera.

PMID- 383973
TI  - The significance of E coli bacteraemia in surgery for obstructive jaundice.

PMID- 383974
TI  - McClure, fluoride pioneer, dead.

PMID- 383975
TI  - Oestrus, time of ovulation, ovulation rate and conception rate in progestagen
      treated ewes given Gn-RH, Gn-TH analogues and gonadotrophins.
AB  - The influence of Gn-RH, hCG and a PMSG-hCG mixture (PG600) on the time of
      ovulation, ovulation rate and on the occurrence of oestrus in ewes treated with
      progestagen-impregnated sponges for 12 days examined. The effects of Gn-RH
      analogues on plasma LH, oestrus, ovulation and conception rate were also
      investigated. Six separate experiments were carried out. When 50 micrograms Gn-RH
      were given 24 h after sponge removal ovulation occurred in 44--46% of ewes within
      24 h and in all ewes by 34 h. Gn-RH was a more potent ovulation synchronizer than
      hCG. Both hCG and PG600 reduced the incidence of overt oestrus. Gn-RH also had
      this effect in ewes treated during February and May but not in August and
      September. Gn-RH analogues given 2 days before sponge removal significantly
      increased ovulation rate. The display of oestrus was not affected in ewes treated
      2 days before sponge removal but was suppressed in 43-69% of ewes treated with an
      analogue at the time of sponge removal. Ovulation occurred in 50-62% of ewes
      within 30-35 h of injection of Gn-RH analogues, regardless of the time of their
      administration. The release of LH in response to one analogue was not influenced
      by the presence of the progestagen-impregnated sponge in the vagina. When given a
      Gn-RH analogue 2 days before sponge removal or at the time of sponge removal 63
      and 62% of mated ewes became pregnant compared with 70% of control ewes.

PMID- 383976
TI  - Oestrous and ovarian activity in a female jaguar (Panthera onca).
AB  - The mean +/- s.e.m. duration of oestrus was 12.0 +/- 1.0 days (n = 7) and the
      oestrous cycle length was 47.2 +/- 5.4 days (n = 6) for a captive jaguar.
      Ovulation did not occur spontaneously, but was induced by treatment with hCG or
      LH-RH.

PMID- 383977
TI  - Differential release of LH and FSH in cyclic mares in response to synthetic Gn
      RH.
AB  - Mares at different stages of the oestrous cycle were given a single intravenous
      injection of 0.5 mg synthetic Gn-RH. The mean area of the induced LH peak was
      significantly less at mid-cycle (Day 10-11) than at any other time. The mean
      height of the LH peak above preinjection concentration was greater at late
      oestrus and early cycle (Day 5-6) than at mid-cycle and early oestrus. There were
      no significant different in mean FSH responses. The LH:FSH ratio for both height
      and area of induced peaks was significantly less at mid-cycle than at other times
      of injection. These results suggest that one releasing hormone could cause the
      release of both FSH and LH in the normal cyclic mare.

PMID- 383978
TI  - Effect of suppression of plasma prolactin on ovulation, plasma gonadotrophins and
      corpus luteum function in LH-RH-treated anoestrous ewes.
AB  - Nineteen Scottish Blackface ewes were given LH-RH (3 X 30 micrograms i.v., 90-min
      intervals) during anoestrus when prolactin levels were elevated. Plasma levels of
      prolactin were suppressed with CB 154 (twice daily, i.m.) on Days -5 to 0 (N =
      5), 0 to +5 (N = 5) or -5 to +5 (N = 5) around the day of LH-RH treatment (Day
      0). Control animals (N = 4) received saline on Days -5 to +5. Nine animals
      ovulated forming corpora lutea as judged by laparoscopy on Day +7. No difference
      in FSH or LH levels was found between treatments and ovulations occurred equally
      in all treatment groups. Progesterone levels were less than ng/ml in all animals
      up to Day 14. It is concluded that short-term suppression of prolactin does not
      affect the incidence of ovulation or corpus luteum progesterone production in LH
      RH-treated anoestrous ewes.

PMID- 383979
TI  - Further investigation of the antiovulatory effects of the antiprogestational
      steroid RMI 12,936 in the rat.
AB  - Inhibition of ovulation by RMI 12,936 was associated with suppression of the pro
      oestrous peak of hypothalamic dopamine. The antiovulatory effect was not reversed
      by administration of oestrogen, was partly reversed by progesterone and was fully
      reversed by oestrogen and progesterone. Hypophysial sensitivity to LH-RH, known
      to be reduced by RMI 12,936, remained low when ovulation was restored by steroid
      treatment. Administration of oestrogen did not restore the pro-oestrous peak of
      hypothalamic dopamine and ovulation was not induced following administration of L
      DOPA in RMI 12,936-treated animals. It was concluded that RMI 12,936 is
      antioestrogenic as well as antiprogestational, that oestrogen is necessary for
      induction of full hypothalamic-hypophysial responsiveness to progesterone and
      that a hypothalamic dopaminergic pathway may have a non-essential role in the
      control of ovulation possibly associated with increasing hypophysial sensitivity
      to LH-RH.

PMID- 383980
TI  - Hormone involvement in the establishment of pregnancy.

PMID- 383981
TI  - Emeritus Professor Harold H. Cole 1897--1978.

PMID- 383982
TI  - Induction of follicular development and ovulation in seasonally acyclic mares
      using gonadotrophin-releasing hormones and progesterone.
AB  - Deeply acyclic (seasonally anovulatory) mares were treated with GnRH or a GnRH
      analogue to induce follicular development and ovulation. Courses of GnRH (3--4)
      were administered at approximately 10-day intervals to reproduce the
      gonadotrophin surges which precede ovulation in the normal cycle. Exogenous
      progesterone was administered in an attempt to reproduce the luteal phase
      pattern. Induced serum FSH concentrations were comparable to those causing
      follicular development in the normal cycle, but induced LH levels were lower and
      of shorter duration than those of the periovulatory surge. Three of 4 mares
      treated with GnRH appeared to ovulate, but did not establish CL. Nine of 10 mares
      given GnRH analogue also developed follicles during the final treatment course,
      as did mares treated with progesterone only, while only 1 of 5 untreated control
      mares showed any ovarian development. Failure to induce final follicular
      maturation and CL development by this treatment regimen may be due to an
      inadequate LH surge at the time of the expected ovulation associated with the low
      preovulatory oestradiol-17 beta surge, possibly caused by the preceding FSH
      stimulation being inadequate or inappropriate. Progesterone treatment increased
      baseline FSH concentrations in GnRH-treated mares, and also stimulated follicular
      development in mares not treated with GnRH, indicating a possible role for
      progesterone in folliculogenesis and, indirectly, ovulation.

PMID- 383983
TI  - Localization of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus of
      ovariectomized pony mares by season.
AB  - Fifteen Pony mares, ovariectomized during the previous summer, were randomly
      assigned to three seasonal treatment groups, winter, spring and summer (N = 5).
      At the designated season, the animals were killed and hypothalamic areas were
      collected and assayed by radioimmunoassay for gonadotrophin-releasing hormone
      (GnRH) activity. The hypothalamic areas were sectioned into 54 5-mm cubes to
      determine the sites of GnRH storage. Maximum immunoreactive GnRH activity was
      located in an oblique pattern extending from the arcuate nucleus-median eminence
      area to the anterior hypothalamic area dorsally and anteriorly. While total
      hypothalamic GnRH concentrations were not significantly different among seasons
      (P greater than 0.05), there was a trend towards increasing concentrations in the
      summer season. Distribution of GnRH activity was significantly different among
      seasons (P less than 0.05), the change in distribution occurring in the ventral
      to dorsal plane, as well as anteriorly to posteriorly.

PMID- 383984
TI  - Interaction of oestradiol and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone on LH release in
      the mare.
AB  - Acyclic mare given oestradiol for 3 days to simulate the preovulatory plasma
      oestradiol surge showed a non-significant 37% decrease in plasma LH during
      treatment. When GnRH analogue injections were given with oestradiol on Days 1--3,
      oestradiol had no effect on each GnRH-induced LH increase, but LH increases were
      more prolonged following subsequent GnRH injections on Days 4--7 when oestradiol
      was no longer being given. A much greater prolongation of LH release occurred
      when the course of GnRH injections was commenced after oestradiol treatment
      ceased; the LH response was almost identical to the prolonged periovulatory LH
      surge of the normal cycle. Therefore, it appears that the timing of the
      oestradiol surge, in relation to other hormonal events, is critical in inducing
      the uniquely prolonged periovulatory LH surge of the mare.

PMID- 383985
TI  - Effects of synchronization and frequency in insemination on fertility.
AB  - Fifty-four normally cycling, non-lactating mares were given 2 injections (i.m.)
      of PGF-2 alpha (10 mg) 14 days apart without regard to stage of the oestrous
      cycle. At 19 days after the first PGF-2 alpha treatment, a single i.m. injection
      of either hCG (3300 i.u.) or a GnRH-analogue (500 micrograms) was administered.
      Each mare was inseminated with 100 X 10(6) motile spermatozoa at one of the
      following frequencies: once only on Day 20; every other day during oestrus or at
      least on Days 19 and 21; or daily during oestrus or at least on Days 19, 20, 21
      and 22. Eighteen control mares received saline injections on Days 0 and 14, and
      were inseminated either on the 4th day of oestrus or every other day or daily
      beginning on the 2nd day of oestrus. More (P greater than 0.05) PGF-2 alpha
      treated mares displayed their 1st day of oestrus on Days 14 to 20 than control
      mares (80.6 versus 27.8%). During cycle 1, fewer (P greater than 0.05) treated
      mares became pregnant compared to controls; 38.9, 25.0 and 66.7% for PGF-2 alpha
      + hCG, PGF-2 alpha + GnRH-A and control mares, respectively. After three cycles,
      the pregnancy rates for mares inseminated every other day or daily were higher (P
      less than 0.05) than mares inseminated only once during oestrus (88.9 and 88.2
      versus 64.7%).

PMID- 383986
TI  - The bacteriological culture of equine uterine contents, in-vitro sensitivity of
      organisms isolated and interpretation.
AB  - A total of 19 pathogenic bacterial species was isolated from uterine swabs of 498
      out of 1539 mares over 4 years. The swabs were taken by 5 veterinary clinicians
      using 2 different techniques. Bacterial contamination during swabbing was
      minimized by scrupulous attention to cleansing of the external genitalia and the
      perineal area, and in the handling of the culture specimen. The most prevalent
      organisms isolated were beta-haemolytic streptococcus (39%), Escherichia coli
      (27%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (7%). Interpretation of microbiological findings
      correlated well with clinical findings when number of organisms isolated and
      endometrial cytology were considered. The use of a bacterial transport medium
      combined with sophisticated culture methods reflects a more accurate picture of
      the uterine microflora than can be obtained by previous techniques. Streptococci
      isolated were uniformly sensitive to penicillins. The sensitivity of E. coli and
      K. pneumoniae towards chloramphenicol, gentamicin and polymyxin was nearly 100%.
      The selection of an appropriate antibacterial agent depends upon sensitivity,
      pharmacological action, genital tract status and cost. This study shows that a
      Gram stain of uterine cytology can be used to diagnose quickly and select an
      appropriate antibiotic for treatment prior to culture results if sufficient
      numbers of organisms are present.

PMID- 383987
TI  - Isolation of Klebsiella pneumoniae from the urogenital tract of experimentally
      infected mares.
AB  - K. pneumoniae capsule type 68 infused into the uterus of 4 mares was recovered up
      to 15 weeks after inoculation. The insertion of a tampon for 10 min was more
      effective than a swab technique in detecting the organism in the uterus. The
      clitoral fossa and the urethral orifice when sampled by the swab technique were
      also found to be infected for a comparable period. K. pneumoniae was isolated
      from the clitoral specimens more often and more consistently than from either
      urethral or uterine specimens.

PMID- 383988
TI  - Contagious equine metritis--outbreak of the disease in Kentucky and laboratory
      methods for diagnosing the disease.
AB  - Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM) was initially reported during the 1977 breeding
      season in England (Crowhurst, 1977) and Ireland (Timoney, Ward & Kelly, 1977. The
      disease has also been diagnosed in France and Australia (Huges, Bryden &
      MacDonald, 1978). The first occurrence of CEM in the United States followed the
      importation or 2 stallions from France late in 1977 which resulted in an outbreak
      early in the 1978 breeding season (Swerczek, 1978). Mares usually develop
      clinical signs of CEM 8--10 days after being covered by an infected stallion,
      when a copious, greyish discharge is seen. Other mares may not show any outward
      signs of disease, but may have a shortened dioestrous period. Many mares recover
      spontaneously from the disease, but a small proportion become carriers of the CEM
      organism. The stallion does not show any clinical signs of disease, but remains a
      carrier. In this paper we recommend various laboratory procedures for the
      diagnosis of CEM in mares and stallions.

PMID- 383989
TI  - Endometrial histology and post-partum mares treated with progesterone and
      synthetic GnRH (AY-24,031).
AB  - Foal heat was significantly delayed in 15 Thoroughbred and Quarter-horse mares by
      200 mg progesterone in oil from Days 5--14 post partum. Nine of these mares
      subsequently received daily i.v. injections of 2 mg of a synthetic GnRH
      preparation (AY-24,031) from Day 2 of the progesterone-delayed oestrus but this
      treatment did not significantly shorten oestrus or hasten ovulation. Uterine
      biopsies taken on Day 15 post partum from all the mares showed a mixed
      endometrial morphology having both oestrous and dioestrous characteristics. There
      was an increased proliferation of endometrial glands in these animals at the time
      of ovulation compared to control mares having a normal foal heat.

PMID- 383990
TI  - An analysis of stallion fertility rates (foals born alive) from the breeding
      documents of the Landgestut Celle over a 158-year period.
AB  - An evaluation of the foaling rate achieved in the Hannoverian breed in Germany
      between 1815 and 1973 showed that during this period no improvement of the
      reproductive rate was achieved. The decennial foaling percentage remained within
      50--60% except for those decades which included the two World Wars and their
      aftermaths. The annual foaling percentage remained maximal until the number of
      mares covered/stallion rose above 80 and it also remained high throughout the
      reproductive life of the stallion. Only in the oldest stallion (32 years) was
      there a significant lowering of fertility.

PMID- 383992
TI  - The Caduceus.

PMID- 383991
TI  - Tribute to Dr. Ward Darley.

PMID- 383993
TI  - Microphotometric techniques in intravital microcirculatory studies.
AB  - Intravital microscopic techniques were developed in order to measure plasma
      proteins: (1) circulating in the streaming blood of microcirculatory vessels of
      the exposed rat mesentery, (2) permeating the vessel wall, and (3) moving through
      the perivascular interstitial tissue. By means of the
      ultramicrospectrophotometry, the absorbance of proteins containing aromatic amino
      acids at 280 nm is measured. Absolute amounts of proteins in the range of
      picograms are measured in a circular measuring field with a diameter of 17
      micrometers. Problems of calibration and of unspecific light scattering are
      discussed. The scanning microfluorometry makes use of the fluorescent labelling
      of the plasma proteins. Interstitial tissue with a capillary vessel containing
      labelled proteins is measured at high speed. A motor-driven object stage
      synchronized with a measuring system uses scanning lines to traverse the tissue.
      The data are then processed by a computer. In this way we get continuous
      quantitative information about the dynamics of protein permeability, starting
      from time zero. The measuring of the fluorescence intensity and the speed of the
      fluorometric system are further improved by a computerized 10 kHz scanning
      device.

PMID- 383994
TI  - Effect of photochemical crosslink S4U(8)-C(13) on suppressor activity of su+
      tRNATrp from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 383995
TI  - Restoration of termination by RNA polymerase mutations is rho allele-specific.

PMID- 383996
TI  - Subunits of RNA polymerase in function and structure. IX. Regulation of RNA
      polymerase activity by stringent starvation protein (SSP).

PMID- 383997
TI  - Specificity of codon recognition by Escherichia coli tRNALeu isoaccepting species
      determined by protein synthesis in vitro directed by phage RNA.

PMID- 383998
TI  - Molecular weight and symmetry of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex
      of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 383999
TI  - Electron microscopic studies of the mechanism of action of the restriction
      endonuclease of Escherichia coli B.

PMID- 384000
TI  - Effects of DNA sequence non-homology on formation of bacteriophage lambda
      recombinants.

PMID- 384002
TI  - Protection of specific sites in 23 S and 5 S RNA from chemical modification by
      association of 30 S and 50 S ribosomes.

PMID- 384003
TI  - Mechanism of ribosomal subunit association: discrimination of specific sites in
      16 S RNA essential for association activity.

PMID- 384004
TI  - A histochemical study of the ontogeny of catecholamine-containing axons in the
      chick embryo heart.

PMID- 384001
TI  - Studies on the control of the genes for transcription and translation in
      Escherichia coli K12 I. tufB and rplA, K have separate promoters.

PMID- 384006
TI  - Inhibition of 2-fluorenamine-induced mutagenesis in Salmonella typhimurium by
      vitamin A.
AB  - Vitamin A alcohol (retinol) completely inhibited the mutagenicity of the
      carcinogen 2-fluorenamine (2-FA) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 when the mutagen
      was activated by liver microsomes from CFN rats. The mutagenicity of 2-FA
      activated by 9,000Xg rat liver supernatant S9 was inhibited by retinol to a
      lesser degree. The decline in the number of his+ revertants was not an artifact
      due to bacterial killing, inasmuch as retinol was not toxic to the bacteria at
      levels that totally inhibited mutagenesis by 2-FA. Mutagenesis induced by
      adriamycin, an antibiotic that does not require metabolic activation for
      mutagenic potential, was unaffected by vitamin A. These results indicate that
      retinoids inhibit the metabolic activation of some chemical carcinogens to forms
      that can interact with DNA. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that
      retinoids may exert anticancer activity by inhibiting carcinogen activation,
      thereby inhibiting tumor induction. In addition to the more widely accepted role
      of retinoids in modulating the proliferation of epithelially derived neoplasms.

PMID- 384005
TI  - Hypoxia and calcium.

PMID- 384007
TI  - Need to pursue new leads in the epidemiology of colorectal cancer.

PMID- 384008
TI  - Abnormal myelopoietic clones in man.

PMID- 384009
TI  - Concentration-dependent mutation by alkylating agents in human lymphoblasts and
      Salmonella typhimurium: N-methyl-N-nitrosourethane and beta-propiolactone.
AB  - The toxic and mutagenic effects of the alkylating agents N-methyl-N
      nitrosourethane (MNUT) and beta-propiolactone (BPL) were quantitatively measured
      in human lymphoblasts and Salmonella typhimurium. Forward mutation to 6
      thioguanine resistance was measured in the human lymphoblasts, and forward
      mutation to 8-azaguanine resistance was measured in the bacterial cells after
      equigenerational (1.5 doubling times) exposures. In both systems, the induced
      mutant fraction rose linearly as a function of concentration for BPL and was
      biphasic for MNUT. The responses of the two assay systems to eight alkylating
      agents were compared. The exposure of the cells to each alkylating agent was
      calculated as exposure concentration multiplied by the time of exposure, and
      allowance was made for the decomposition of the alkylating agents during exposure
      (integral exposure). Human cells were 2.5--13 times more sensitive than was S.
      typhimurium to the alkylating agents methyl methanesulfonate, ethyl
      methanesulfonate, propyl methanesulfonate, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine,
      methylnitrosourea, and MNUT. S. typhimurium cells were three times more sensitive
      to butyl methanesulfonate and 25 times more sensitive to BPL than were human
      cells.

PMID- 384010
TI  - Biochemical markers of central nervous system tumors measured in cerebrospinal
      fluid and their potential use in diagnosis and patient management: a review.
AB  - The concept of tumor markers was reviewed, and the potential uses of markers of
      central nervous system (CNS) tumors and methods for their evaluation were
      discussed. Markers examined included lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate
      aminotransferase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, the polyamines, desmosterol,
      and several other enzymatic, nonenzymatic, and immunologic markers. Data collated
      from the clinical studies surveyed showed isocitrate dehydrogenase, desmosterol,
      and the polyamines to have the greatest potential utility in the diagnosis of CNS
      tumors.

PMID- 384011
TI  - Assay for mutagenicity of bile in Sprague-Dawley rats treated subcutaneously with
      intestinal carcinogens.
AB  - To investigate the mode of action of sc injected intestinal carcinogens, the
      mutagenicity assay of bile collected from noninbred Sprague-Dawley rats treated
      sc with carcinogens was conducted in the presence and absence of beta
      glucuronidase. The bile samples from rats inoculated with 4-aminobiphenyl were
      mutagenic for Salmonella typhimurium TA100 only in the presence of beta
      glucuronidase, whereas those from the 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl-treated rats
      did not require the enzyme for mutagenicity toward strain TA100. On the contrary,
      the assays with S. typhimurium G46 and TA100 of bile from rats inoculated with
      1,2-dimethylhydrazine, azoxymethane, or methylazoxymethanol acetate failed to
      reveal mutagenicity whether beta-glucuronidase was added or not, though these
      carcinogens were highly mutagenic for strain G46 in the Salmonella-microsome
      mutagenicity test and/or in the host-mediated assay.

PMID- 384012
TI  - Correlation between natural and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
      against tumor targets in the mouse. II. Characterization of the effector cells.
AB  - Direct comparison of the effector cells mediating natural killer (NK) activity
      against mouse tumor cells and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
      (ADCC) against mouse tumor target cells coated with alloantisera indicated that
      NK cells and K-cells (effector cells mediating ADCC) may belong to the same
      subpopulation of lymphocytes, but they have a different mechanism of killing.
      Effector cells mediating NK activity and ADCC were nonadherent, nonphagocytic Fc
      receptor-bearing cells that sediment at 3.5-4.5 mm/hour. Treatment with anti-Thy
      1.2 serum in the absence of complement resulted in an increase of NK activity,
      whereas this treatment caused a substantial loss in ADCC. Both NK activity and
      ADCC were equally sensitive to the in vivo or in vitro effects of X-irridiation.
      In vivo inoculations of high doses of hydrocortisone resulted in a reduction of
      NK activity, but ADCC was not affected. NK cells were trypsin-sensitive, with a
      profound decrease in the cytolytic activity being observed in a 4-hour 51Cr
      release assay. The activity, however, could be recovered after overnight
      incubation at 37 degrees C. Trypsin treatment did not inhibit ADCC as measured by
      the 18-hour assay.

PMID- 384013
TI  - Optimization and investigation of the use of 2,2-dimethoxypropane as a
      dehydration agent for plant tissues in transmission electron microscopy.

PMID- 384014
TI  - [Limitations of surgery in bilateral metastasizing kidney cancer with caval
      involvement. Apropos of a case (proceedings)].

PMID- 384015
TI  - [Nephropathies induced by antibodies directed against renal basement membranes in
      rabbits].

PMID- 384016
TI  - [Deposits on tubular basement membrane in renal transplants].

PMID- 384017
TI  - [Role of the renin system in the aggravation of acute renal insufficiency in
      rats: effects of SQ 14225 (proceedings)].

PMID- 384018
TI  - Control of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli: control of bacteriophage Q beta
      coat protein synthesis after energy source shift-down.
AB  - Escherichia coli Q13 was infected with bacteriophage Q beta and subjected to
      energy source shift-down (from glucose-minimal to succinate-minimal medium) 20
      min after infection. Production of progeny phage was about fourfold slower in
      down-shifted cultures than in the cultures in glucose medium. Shift-down did not
      affect the rate of phage RNA replication, as measured by the rate of
      incorporation of [14C]uracil in the presence of rifampin, with appropriate
      correction for the reduced entry of exogenous uracil into the UTP pool. Phage
      coat protein synthesis was three- to sixfold slower in down-shifted cells than in
      exponentially growing cells, as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
      in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The polypeptide chain propagation rate
      in infected cells was unaffected by the down-shift. Thus, the reduced production
      of progeny phage in down-shifted cells appears to result from control of phage
      protein synthesis at the level of initiation of translation. The reduction in the
      rate of Q beta coat protein synthesis is comparable to the previously described
      reduction in the rate of synthesis of total E. coli protein and of beta
      galactosidase, implying that the mechanism which inhibits translation in down
      shifted cells is neither messenger specific nor specific for 5' proximal
      cistrons. The intracellular ATP pool size was nearly constant after shift-down;
      general energy depletion is thus not a predominant factor. The GTP pool, by
      contrast, declined by about 40%. Also, ppGpp did not accumulate in down-shifted,
      infected cells in the presence of rifampin, indicating that ppGpp is not the
      primary effector of this translational inhibition.

PMID- 384019
TI  - Growth and DNA synthesis of bacteriophage phi x174 in a dnaP mutant of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - phi X174am3trD, a temperature-resistant mutant of bacteriophage phi X174am3,
      exhibited a reduced ability to grow in a dnaP mutant, Escherichia coli KM107, at
      the restrictive temperature (43 degrees C). Under conditions at which the dnaP
      gene function was inactivated, the amount and the rate of phi X174am3trD DNA
      synthesis were reduced. The efficiency of phage attachment to E. coli KM107 at 43
      degrees C was the same as to the parental strain, E. coli KD4301, but phage
      eclipse and phage DNA penetration were inhibited in E. coli KM107 at 43 degrees
      C. It is suggested that the dnaP gene product, which is necessary for the
      initiation of host DNA replication, participates in the conversion of attached
      phages to eclipsed particles and in phage DNA penetration in vivo in normal
      infection.

PMID- 384020
TI  - Prophage substitution and prophage loss from superinfected Escherichia coli
      recA(P1) lysogens.
AB  - It is shown that the plasmid prophage P1 can be displaced by a superinfecting P1
      phage in Escherichia coli recA(P1) lysogens. Six widely separated phage markers
      were used to distinguish between residual recombination and total substitution.
      It is further shown that superinfection of recA lysogens can lead to loss of both
      phage (curing). These two phenomena, previously reported in Rec+ strains, are
      thus independent of host recombination and may result from perturbations of some
      function involved in plasmid maintenance.

PMID- 384021
TI  - Host cell DNA chain initiation protein requirements for replication of
      bacteriophage G4 replicative-form DNA.
AB  - Bacteriophages G4ev1 and G4bs1 are simple temperature-resistant derivatives of
      wild-type G4 as demonstrated by restriction endonuclease analyses. The rate of
      replication of the duplex replicative-form DNA of these phages was normal in dnaB
      and dnaC mutants of the host, whereas the rate was markedly reduced in a dnaG
      host mutant at the restrictive temperature. We conclude that G4 duplex DNA
      replication requires the host cell dnaG protein, but not the dnaB and dnaC
      proteins. The reasons for the differences between our conclusions and those based
      on previously published data are documented and discussed.

PMID- 384023
TI  - Current status of renal transplantation at the Cleveland Clinic.

PMID- 384022
TI  - Protein induced by bacteriophage T4 which is absent in Escherichia coli infected
      with nuclear disruption-deficient phage mutants.
AB  - A protein induced by wild-type T4 phage which is absent in Escherichia coli
      infected with nuclear disruption-deficient phage (with mutations in gene ndd) was
      identified by polacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This protein was synthesized at
      maximum rate at 3 to 6 min after infection. It had a molecular weight of 15,000
      determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It was
      associated with sedimentable fractions of the cell from which it can be
      dissociated with 1 M guanidine-hydrochloride. The dissociated protein can be
      partly recovered in a form soluble in dilute buffer after partial purification
      and dialysis. The occurrence of this protein in a particulate cell fraction is of
      interest because of the postulated role of the bacterial cell membrane in nuclear
      disruption.

PMID- 384024
TI  - Butorphanol and meperidine compared in patients with acute ureteral colic.
AB  - Pain relief was evaluated in 81 patients with acute ureteral colic and the
      confirmed presence of a calculus. A randomized double-blind comparison of
      intramuscular 2 and 4 mg. butorphanol and 80 mg. meperidine was used. Pain
      intensity and pain relief were evaluated at half hour and hourly intervals for 4
      hours. A 2 mg. dose of butorphanol was found to be analgesically equivalent to 80
      mg. meperidine, while a 4 mg. dose of butorphanol was found to be more effective
      than 80 mg. meperidine and 2 mg. butorphanol. Each patient received up to 2 doses
      of analgesic medication when necessary. There was no significant difference in
      the incidence of side effects among treatments. One patient had visual
      hallucinations after a 2 mg. dose of butorphanol, possibly owing to its
      antagonistic activity to significant narcotic experience given previously at
      another hospital. There was no other evidence of toxicity with butorphanol. It
      was found to be a safe, effective and wall tolerated drug for the treatment of
      ureteral colic and is recommended in place of narcotics.

PMID- 384025
TI  - A double-blind study of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in patients
      having transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate.
AB  - We studied 89 men undergoing transrectal prostatic biopsies to determine the
      efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in preventing postoperative fever,
      bacteremia and bacteriuria. Of the patients who received placebo temperatures of
      37.6C or more occurred in 18%, bacteremia in 70% and bacteriuria in 21%. Most
      cases of bacteremia were caused by anaerobic organisms and were asymptomatic.
      Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole did not reduce the frequency of fever or bacteremia
      but did produce a significant reduction  in bacteriuria (0 versus 21%, p equals
      0.008).

PMID- 384026
TI  - Antimicrobial resistant Salmonella spp. isolated from double-crested cormorants
      (Phalacrocorax auritus) and common loons (Gavia immer) in Florida.
AB  - Antimicrobial resistant Salmonella spp. were found in double-crested cormorants
      and common loons in Florida. Single or multiple resistance occurred in all
      Salmonella agona isolates from cormorants, primarily to ampicillin, sulfonamids,
      streptomycin, neomycin, and kanamycin. Similar patterns of resistance were found
      in S. agona isolates from common loons. In addition, isolates of S. Saint paul
      from loons were found resistant to tetracycline and streptomycin, while 2 of 7
      isolates of S. infantis were resistant to tetracycline only.

PMID- 384027
TI  - A study of two species of fish inoculated with spruce budworm nuclear
      polyhedrosis virus.
AB  - Preliminary studies conducted on rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and white
      suckers (Castostomus commersoni) exposed to spruce budworm nuclear polyhedrosis
      virus revealed minor histopathologic changes in various organs of each fish which
      were interpreted as not being significant. However, an evaluation (mean values)
      of the total changes in groups of fish suggested that a relationship may exist in
      the suckers exposed to either purified polyhedra or virions. A more extensive and
      definitive study must be done before any conclusions are warranted.

PMID- 384029
TI  - Claude Bernard. Pioneer of regulatory biology.

PMID- 384030
TI  - JAMA reference directories.

PMID- 384028
TI  - United States postage stamp, issued in 1940, honoring Alexander Graham Bell, 1847
      -1927.

PMID- 384031
TI  - Mucormycosis in a renal transplant recipient with successful outcome.

PMID- 384032
TI  - From the NIH: Collagen provides clues to diagnose spread of cancer to lymph
      nodes.

PMID- 384033
TI  - Edward Jenner.

PMID- 384034
TI  - The superior vena cava syndrome. A complication of the LeVeen shunt.

PMID- 384035
TI  - JAMA reference directories.

PMID- 384036
TI  - Henri Moissan.

PMID- 384037
TI  - Serratia marcescens bacteremia from contaminated pressure transducers.
AB  - Primary Serratia marcescens bacteremia developed in 17 patients in an intensive
      care unit after exposure to pressure monitoring devices. A study showed that all
      of the transducer heads were contaminated with S marcescens, and prospective
      culturing of 110 pressure monitoring lines disclosed a 24% rate of contamination
      with the same organism. Hand contamination occurs at the time the equipment is
      initially assembled; in five of eight trials, transmission was shown
      experimentally to occur by direct inoculation of open ports. Routine disinfection
      of the transducer heads with glutaraldehyde not only effectively decontaminated
      all pressure monitoring lines in use, but also controlled the outbreak.

PMID- 384038
TI  - Elizabeth Fry.

PMID- 384039
TI  - Orthopedist is pioneer in prosthetic design.

PMID- 384040
TI  - Bone marrow transplantation for acute leukemia.

PMID- 384041
TI  - Carl Peter Thunberg.

PMID- 384042
TI  - Interaction of the science of nutrition and the science of medicine.

PMID- 384044
TI  - [Directory of the Japanese Society for Bacteriology, 1978].

PMID- 384043
TI  - [Recent studies on the chemical structure and biological activities of bacterial
      endotoxins (author's transl)].

PMID- 384045
TI  - [Biosynthesis of estradiol and progesterone in the ovary and its modulation].

PMID- 384046
TI  - [Steroid hormone metabolism in the liver--modulation by new intrinsic factors and
      induction by drugs].

PMID- 384047
TI  - [Estrogen metabolism and enterohepatic circulation].

PMID- 384048
TI  - [Action mechanism of aldosterne].

PMID- 384049
TI  - [Action mechanism of sex steroid hormones].

PMID- 384050
TI  - [Selective hypoaldosteronism (author's transl)].

PMID- 384051
TI  - [17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency and 5 alpha-reductase deficiency].

PMID- 384052
TI  - [Abnormal steroid hormone metabolism during administration of various drugs].

PMID- 384054
TI  - [Steroid therapy in neurosurgical field--indications and methods of
      administration].

PMID- 384055
TI  - [Adrenal cortex insufficiency--supplementary therapy and weaning from steroid
      therapy].

PMID- 384053
TI  - [Steroid therapy for hematologic diseases--indications and methods of
      administration].

PMID- 384056
TI  - [Histopathology of bullous pemphigoid (author's transl)].

PMID- 384057
TI  - A mass dissection technique for determining infectivity rate of filariasis
      vectors.
AB  - A mass dissection method is described using an apparatus with a 55 mesh cotton
      sieve (244 micron pore size), which proved efficient in detecting the infectivity
      rate of bancroftian filariasis in Culex p. fatigans. A recovery rate of more than
      98% was obtained after one hour's settling when a known number of infective
      larvae was released through the sieve. In the comparative tests of individual-
      and mass-dissection of mosquitos from the same origin, the number of infective
      larvae recovered in the mass dissection was almost the same as that in individual
      dissection. By manual centrifuging of the saline solution, it is possible to
      concentrate larvae at the bottom of the sedimentation tube.

PMID- 384058
TI  - [A physicians' consultation system by means of artificial intelligence technique
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 384059
TI  - Anatomical notes on the course of the esophagus in thoracic cavity in bovine
      fetuses and neonates based on observation of resin-casts of thoracic hollow
      organs.

PMID- 384060
TI  - Dissecting aortic aneurysms.

PMID- 384062
TI  - Test construction: principles and methods.

PMID- 384063
TI  - The dynamics of grief.

PMID- 384064
TI  - Clinical assessment of the shock patient.

PMID- 384061
TI  - Hyperkalemia.

PMID- 384066
TI  - Incidentally: helpful hints in emergency nursing practice.

PMID- 384065
TI  - Trauma notebook 20. Intravenous therapy in pediatric trauma.

PMID- 384067
TI  - Law and the emergency nurse: consent problems.

PMID- 384068
TI  - Restrospective correlation of clinical and histologic findings of 189 exchanged
      kidneys.
AB  - Tissues samples from 189 unsuccessful renal allografts, 47 recovered at autopsy
      and the others removed surgically, were examined histologically by light
      microscopy. Tissues samples were obtained from cadaver kidneys that had been
      exchanged regionally for transplantation. Each allograft tissue sample was rated
      as to extent of pathologic changes denoting rejection and was classified
      accordingly. Surgical and autopsy reports, as well as clinical data, were then
      obtained and these were compared with the retrospective pathologic findings of
      this study. Our pathologic findings agreed with the original pathologic diagnosis
      as to presence or absence of rejection changes in 180 cases, but disagreed with
      the clinical diagnosis of rejection in 28 of the 63 cases with minimal or no
      histologic evidence of rejection. There was less disagreement with the clinical
      diagnosis for the 87 cases with histologic evidence of rejection which had been
      judged as sufficient to cause allograft loss, 70 having been clinically diagnosed
      as rejected. Disagreement occurred most often where the allograft had never
      functioned or had been lost within 3 months. Retrospective analysis did not
      disclose any association between rejection histology and preformed antibodies or
      length of kidney perfusion time. Sufficient allografts appeared to have been lost
      for reasons other than rejection to cast doubt on the validity of interpreting
      renal allograft data only by graft survival statistics.

PMID- 384069
TI  - Physiologic studies with saralasin in animals.

PMID- 384070
TI  - Angiotensin as a renal, adrenal, and cardiovascular hormone: responses to
      saralasin in normal man and in essential and secondary hypertension.

PMID- 384071
TI  - Historical development of saralasin.
AB  - The research environment in which saralasin was discovered has been described,
      and illustrations of the rationale which contributed to its synthesis, selection
      for development, and eventual development have been presented. As an example, the
      synthesis of [Sar1, Val5, Ala8]-AII (P113, saralasin) was an attempt to make an
      AII antagonist which would be resistant to metabolism by aminopeptidases.
      Subsequent evaluation, however, indicated that the substitution of sarcosine had
      not only protected against aminopeptidase degradation but unexpectedly also had
      greatly increased the octapeptide's affinity for vascular smooth muscle
      receptors. Finally, the laboratory demonstration of saralasin as a potential
      therapeutic and diagnostic entity and the clinical confirmation of use of
      saralasin in hypertensive patients are reviewed.

PMID- 384072
TI  - [Mushroom poisoning in childhood].
AB  - The authors describe frequency and importance of poisoning by Amanita phalloides.
      There are demonstrated the different toxins and their biochemical properties. The
      typical clinical symptoms of the intoxication by Amanita phalloides with vourse
      in two phases (1. gastrointestinal phase, 2. hepatonephrotic phase) are shown.
      The possibilities of diagnostic and differentialdiagnostic and the problems of
      therapy are discussed. It is pointed out, that in a modern treatment there must
      be given Penicillin-G-Natrium in high dosage as early as possible, also in cases
      of questionableness. Hemodialysis is only of effect till 40 hours after ingestion
      of Amanita.

PMID- 384073
TI  - [Retinal detachment surgery: Incidence and causes of silicone sponge implant
      rejection].
AB  - In 51 patients with retinal detachments silicone sponge implants have been
      applicated. In 9 of these cases (17,6%) the implants had to be removed 3 weeks to
      16 months postoperatively because of inflammatory reactions. The influence of
      these complications on the healing of the retinal detachment is considered as
      relatively unimportant. In light- and electron-microscopic examinations we could
      establish that the reactions are mainly caused by infections (which primarily
      spread within the caves of the sponge implants). Chronic infections caused by so
      called apathogenic bacteria are more frequent than acute infections by so-called
      pathogenic micro-organisms. A foreign body reaction could be proved only in one
      case, in which the sponge was loosened and displaced. Defence reactions against
      the foreign body material probably develop only if mechanical irritation of the
      tissue is caused by the sponge material.

PMID- 384074
TI  - [Reduced production of aqueous humor in Fuch's corneal dystrophy].
AB  - Fuchs' corneal dystrophy is associated with a reduced production of the aqueous
      humor, as can be established via tonography. The trophopathy and cornea guttata
      caused thereby are prerequisites for the production of Fuchs' corneal dystrophy.
      The aqueous humor production should be examined before keratoplasty, since the
      prognosis is questionable if the production is low. If no improvement of visual
      acuity can be excepted, keratoplasty should not be performed, since pain has also
      been relieved by means of intracorneal acrylate implantates.

PMID- 384075
TI  - [Keratoprosthesis with compact bone (author's transl)].

PMID- 384076
TI  - [Artificial lens implantations of Medallion - lenses (author's transl)].
AB  - Description of the surgical technique of artificial lens implantations extra- and
      intracapsularly. Only the original Medallion -lens for flexible suture fixation
      and the "slotted" Medallion - lens for steel suture fixation will be described
      with brief mention of Platina clip lens for extra-capsular surgery, the Small
      incision lens, the Three loop lens and the Boomerang lens.

PMID- 384077
TI  - [History of lens implantation].

PMID- 384078
TI  - [On the history of intraocular lenses (author's transl)].
AB  - A short review on the world-wide and Swiss history of the three generations of
      intraocular lenses is recorded: the implantation of posterior and anterior
      chamber lenses is completely given up in Switzerland. Prepupillary 2- and 4-loop
      lenses of the Binkhorst type are used at the Lucerne Eye Hospital since 1973. A
      major brakethrough of artificial lens'implantation in Switzerland is expected in
      1979.

PMID- 384079
TI  - Identification of a low moleculr weight IgM antibody with treponema pallidum
      specificity in sera of patients with chronic syphilis.
AB  - A low-molecular (8S) treponema-specific IgM antibody was isolated by means of
      Sephadex 200 G gel filtration and/or sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation in 78
      of 4,120 sera of patients who had been identified to have had syphilis. The IgM
      specificity can be shown by indirect immunofluorescence using a mu-chain specific
      antiserum. The low molecular IgM (LMW-IgM) antibodies are not identical with the
      19S-IgM as demonstrated in studies with gel filtration and sucrose gradient
      methods. They are not identical neither with 7S IgG or IgA. Neither the presence
      of antinuclear nor rheumatic factor could be shown in the LMW-IgM fraction. In
      most of the patients with LMW-IgM antibody, there existed a treponema infection
      of late latency.

PMID- 384080
TI  - [L.N. Tolstoy and A.P. Chekhov on G.A. Zakhar'in].

PMID- 384081
TI  - [Treatment of toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 384082
TI  - [M.M. Rudnev - one of the founders of Russian pathological anatomy (on the
      centenary of his death)].

PMID- 384083
TI  - [History of transfusion of cadaveric blood (on the 50th anniversary of scientific
      elaboration of the problem)].

PMID- 384084
TI  - [Medical disciplines in the establishment and development of general pathology].

PMID- 384085
TI  - Studies on Tyzzer's disease: acquired immunity against infection and activation
      of infection by immunosuppressive treatment.
AB  - The correlation between serum antibody titre and resistance to challenge
      infection with Bacillus piliformis was studied in naturally infected mice, in
      experimentally infected but recovered mice, and in mice treated with antigen
      prepared from infected livers. Irrespective of the way in which the antibodies
      were acquired resistance to infection was found to be related to the
      immunofluorescence antibody titre found. Experimentally infected but recovered
      mice, as well as rats with persistent antibodies to Bacillus piliformis, were
      given prednisolone in order to activate a possible persistent infection. Bacillus
      piliformis was detected in the rats, but not in the mice.

PMID- 384086
TI  - Is encephalitozoonosis a zoonosis?
AB  - Encephalitozoon cuniculi has often been cited as a human pathogen although few
      cases (of disease) have been described in the literature. A discussion of these
      cases suggests that this microsporidium should not be regarded as a pathogen of
      man.

PMID- 384087
TI  - Obituary. Prof. V.R. Khanolkar.

PMID- 384088
TI  - Bedside measurement of lung water.

PMID- 384091
TI  - Abstracts of current literature.

PMID- 384090
TI  - Minimizing limited successes in treating partially edentulous patients with
      removable restorations.

PMID- 384089
TI  - B-cell directed antibodies and delayed hyperacute rejection: a case report.

PMID- 384092
TI  - Surgical technique to reduce the risks of heart block following closure of
      ventricular septal defect in atrioventricular discordance.
AB  - Traumatic heart block remains a major concern after ventricular septal defect
      (VSD) closure in patients with atrioventricular discordance. A technique of
      closing the VSD, placing the suture line on the morphologically right side of the
      septum without opening the systemic ventricle, is described. This was used in 13
      consecutive patients. The VSD was closed through the right atrium in eight
      patients, the left ventricle in three patients, the right atrium and the left
      ventricle in one patient, and through the right ventricle in one patient with
      atrioventricular disordance and ventriculo-arterial concordance. All patients
      were in sinus rhythm preoperatively, two exhibited atrioventricular dissociation
      before intracardiac manipulation began, and 11 patients were in sinus rhythm
      postoperatively. No major arrhythmia could be attributed to the closure of the
      VSD.

PMID- 384093
TI  - Guidelines for safely opening a previous sternotomy incision.
AB  - Operations through a previous sternotomy incision are associated with significant
      hazards, including cardiac injury, excessive hemorrhage during and after
      cardiopulmonary bypass, and postoperative sternal instability. A technique for
      safely opening previous sternotomy incisions has been developed at New York
      University Medical Center which has proved satisfactory in over 150 patients. It
      has been demonstrated repeatedly to be free of the serious and often lethal
      intraoperative and postoperative complications previously associated with this
      procedure.

PMID- 384094
TI  - [Clinical use of ready-made posts and pins (1)].

PMID- 384095
TI  - [Clinical use of ready-made posts and pins (2)].

PMID- 384096
TI  - [On the 70th birthday of Franca Novak].

PMID- 384097
TI  - [Formal address at the opening of the symposium in honor of the 70th birthday of
      Dr. F. Novak].

PMID- 384099
TI  - Computer-assisted diagnosis of hepatic neoplasms on basis of laboratory findings.

PMID- 384098
TI  - A new endocrine-like function of lungs: generation of prostacyclin.

PMID- 384100
TI  - Illya Illich Miechnikov -- in seventieth anniversary of being awarded the Nobel
      prize.

PMID- 384101
TI  - William Harvey -- the fourth centenary of his birth.

PMID- 384102
TI  - First case of bone resorption evoked by bone marrow transplantation in a human
      patient with osteopetrosis.

PMID- 384103
TI  - Helena Sparrow--a Polish and French scientist.

PMID- 384105
TI  - Age-associated changes in T-B cell cooperation demonstrated by the allogeneic
      effect.
AB  - The allogeneic effect results in an increase in the number of antibody-producing
      cells (PFC) when the allogeneically stimulated lymphoid cells and the antibody
      producing cells are from young individuals. This increase depends on the
      interaction of allogeneically stimulated T-cells and precursor plasma cells (B
      cells). Age-associated deficiencies in these two cell populations were studied in
      these experiments by use of allogeneically stimulated T-cells from old donors or
      responding B-cells from old recipients. These experiments showed that lymphocytes
      from 20-month-old mice were capable of inducing an increase in PFC in young
      recipients. However, the allogeneic effect was ineffectual in 12-month-old mice.
      These data suggest that the T-helper function is equally capable in mice 4 to 20
      months old, but that the B-cell is not as effectively recruited. The possible
      causes for limited B-cell recruitment are discussed.

PMID- 384104
TI  - Restoration of impaired immune functions in aging animals. II. Effect of
      mercaptoethanol in enhancing the reduced primary antibody responsiveness in
      vitro.
AB  - The enhancing effect of 2-ME on the in vitro primary antibody forming capacity of
      young and old spleen cells from 5 different strains and hybrids was investigated
      by assessing the number of antibody-forming cells in response to sheep RBC
      stimulation. The following results were obtained: (1) the optimum concentration
      of 2-ME is 5 x 10(-5) M; (2) the best time to expose cultures to 2-ME is on day 0
      together with the antigen, although days 3 and 4 were equally as effective with
      young but not old spleen cells; (3) 2-ME can enhance slightly the time of peak
      antibody response, but this appears to be strain dependent; (4) in response to
      antigenic stimulation over a 10,000-fold range in antidgen dose, antibody
      response by cultures exposed to it; (5) 2-ME is comparable to, or better than,
      those which had been exposed to it; (5) 2-ME is effective in enhancing antibody
      response because it probably promotes proliferation and transformation, as well
      as protects dividing cells which otherwise could not survive the culture
      conditions; (6) the relative number of viable cells detected on the third day of
      culture after antigen stimulation can be used in predicting with a reasonable
      accuracy (pie 2, 0.94) the magnitude of peak antibody response, which is detected
      normally about 2 days later; (7) 2-ME enhances antibody response of young spleen
      cells by about 30%, but is quite variable depending upon the genetic strain,
      varying from a low of --20% with random bred CV1 cells to a high of 100% with
      inbred C57B1 cells; (8) the enhancing effect of 2-ME on old spleen cells is much
      more impressive, being more that 10 times greater than on young spleen cells
      (i.e., 500 vs. 30%), although it too is quite variable, ranging from a low of 85%
      with C3H cells to a high of about 1100% with C57BL cells; (9) the enhancing
      effect of 2-ME on limiting numbers of spleen cells is most impressive, as judged
      by the relative magnitude of response by limiting (3 x 10(6)) and optimum numbers
      (10 x 10(6)) of young and old spleen cells and by the frequency of antibody
      response of cultures with limiting and optimum numbers of cells exposed to 2-ME
      was 23 and 3 times greater than that not exposed to 2-ME, respectively; and with
      old spleen cells, it was 30 and 12 times greater. In terms of the frequency of
      antibody responding cultures with limiting numbers of young spleen cells (3 x
      10(6)), 77% responded in absence of 2-ME, whereas 100% of the cultures responded
      in the presence of 2-ME. The effect of 2-ME on cultures containing limiting
      numbers of old spleen cells was much more striking, for, in contrast to only 9%
      of the cultures responding in the absence of 2-ME, 78% responded in the presence
      of 2-ME.

PMID- 384106
TI  - An index of accessibility for ambulatory health services.
AB  - This paper discusses an Index developed and used to measure accessibility to
      health services provided on an outpatient basis at the Kaiser Community Health
      Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio. The Index is based on four levels of urgency or
      severity of illness and on the waiting times to get entry into the system. The
      parameters of the Index, initially established by task force members, were tested
      on a sample basis against the judgments of Kaiser outpatient facility users and
      finally refined through the consensus-seeking Delphi technique using a panel
      representing Kaiser members, gatekeepers, physicians and administrators. The
      actual times required to gain accessibility in the various process stages and in
      the various departments were obtained through simulated requests for
      appointments, by monitoring telephone calls to the various gate-keeping stations,
      by direct observations, and by the use of a telephone traffic computer. The paper
      discusses the Index developed, the data collection methodologies, and the data
      analyses performed.

PMID- 384107
TI  - [Zollinger-Ellison syndrome type II due to diffuse hyperplasia of the pancreatic
      islet cells (author's transl)].
AB  - A 58-year-old patient with hypergastrinemia (basal and after stimulation by means
      of protein food, calcium, glucagon, and secretin), acid hypersecretion, recurrent
      anastomotic ulcer, gastrocolonic fistula, steatorrhea, and malabsortion
      (hypocalcemia, hypocholesterolemia and a rather elevated 5-HIAA) is reported. The
      definite preoperative diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome was established
      after the intravenous secretin test (75 U) which produced a significant
      stimulation peak 5 minutes after being injected. The possible existence of a
      multiple endocrine adenomatosis syndrome type I was discarded. During the
      operation no pancreatic or extrapancreatic macroscopic tumor was found. A total
      gastrectomy, transverse colectomy, splenectomy, and subtotal pancreatic resection
      were performed; Rosanow's techniques was used to re-established the
      gastrointestinal continuity. The morphological study of the excised pancreatic
      tissue showed a diffuse hyperplasia of the Langerhans islet cells; indirect
      immunofluorescence in the presence of antigastrin antibodies was faintly positive
      and difficult to evaluate. However, gastrin levels clearly decrease after the
      operation may be because the inhibitory effect of total gastrectomy or because of
      the partial pancreatectomy. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of tyrocalcitonine
      onthe pre- and postoperative gastrin levels measured by radioimmunoassay could be
      verified. For the moment the importance of this test in the diagnosis of
      Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, and especially in the diagnosis of ZES-type II, is
      not known.

PMID- 384108
TI  - [Legionnaires' disease (author's transl)].
AB  - Since Legionnaires' disease was diagnosed in Spain for the first time, we have
      considered it of interest to review the subject and to bring it up to date as
      much as possible. Legionnaires' disease is an infectious illness which
      principally affects people in the fifth decade of life and which has been
      diagnosed in different countries in the world, including Spain. The etiologic
      agent is a Gram-negative bacteria, which does not grow in the normal culture
      media and which requires special stains for its identification. Clinically the
      disease presents as an atypical pneumonia accompanied by gastrointestinal
      symptoms and hyponatremia as a characteristic laboratory finding. It appears with
      greater frequency during the summer season in an epidemic form, although isolated
      cases have been reported during the entire year. It is potentially a very severe
      condition, and the mortality rate has been calculated at 15--20 percent. A
      definite diagnosis requires the isolation of the etiologic agent: directly, by
      stain (direct immunofluorescence, Dieterle's silver stain), isolation and culture
      in an enriched media (Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with Iso-Vitalex and
      hemoglobin), or indirectly by serologic methods (indirect immunofluorescence).
      Eryhtromycin is the antibiotic of choice with or without the association of
      another antibiotic of wider spectrum.

PMID- 384109
TI  - [Adquired epidermolysis bullosa. Immunopathological and ultrastructural studies].
AB  - A case of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) in a 64 year old man is reported.
      The direct immunofluorescence showed a positive lineal anti IgG basement membrane
      on the affected skin (blisters and provocation tests) and on the univolved
      healthy skin. The electron microscopic studies showed a "dermolysis". In this
      patient it was not possible to find any pathological association. The EBA is
      usually associated with different processus but, sometimes, it could be isolated.
      Probably this clinicopathological field includes diverse badly delimited
      entities.

PMID- 384110
TI  - [Metabolic studies in brothers affected by alcaptonuria (ochronosis)].
AB  - The case of two brothers affected by alcaptonurie is reported. The activity of
      the homogenthisycasa enzyme has been determined by the material obtained through
      percutaneous biopsy. Concentrations of the aminoacids producing fenilalanina and
      thiroxina in their parents' blood have been investigated, the tests showing lack
      of liver enzyme and normal concentration of the amount of aminoacids in blood.
      Some aspects of skin lesion have been briefly reported and methods for treatment
      presented.

PMID- 384112
TI  - [Jorge Lobo disease. Study of 2 cases with disseminated lesions and plantar
      invasion].
AB  - The Author describes two cases of Jorge Lobo's disease, with disseminated lesions
      and plantar invasion, originating from Cruzeiro do Sul, state of Acre and Manaus,
      state of Amazonas. In both cases, the disease was of long duration, 30 and 55
      years respectively. In the second patient described the disease began 9 years
      before Jorge Lobo described this condition. In spite of the duration of the
      illness in this patient 76 years of age, he was in good physical condition
      without any apparent suggesting dissemination of the mycosis.

PMID- 384111
TI  - [Non hereditary porokeratosis of Mibelli].
AB  - After a short review of the literature on the clinical and histopathological
      features of PM, 66 cases of the disease observed in the past 14 years at the IPO
      Dermatology Deparment are presented. They are compared with the previously
      mentioned case reports, particularly the ones published in the portuguese
      literature. The existance of two forms of the disease is suggested, and the
      differences between them specified. Treatment is considered, with special
      emphasis on the cases with a small number of lesions.

PMID- 384113
TI  - [Netherton-Comel's syndrome].
AB  - Two cases of the so-called Netherton's syndrome are described and the relevant
      literature is reviewed. On the author's opinion there exists no relationship
      between the disease and ichthyosiform dermatoses. It fits more adequately in the
      group of the "Genodermatoses erythemato-desquamatives circinees variables" of
      Bazex and Dupre. The syndrome is characterized by the association of two tipical
      clinical features: "Trichorrhexis invaginata", reported by Netherton and the
      "Ichthyosis linearis circumflexa", described by Comel. The authors propose
      therefore the eponymous designation of "Syndrome of Netherton-Comel". As there
      exists no link with the group of the ichthyosiform dermatoses, the authors
      suggest the name of "Dyskeratosis figurata variabilis" for the disease described
      described by Comel.

PMID- 384114
TI  - [Erythema elevatum diutinum].
AB  - Three cases of Erythema Elevatum Diutinum are reported and a revision of the
      literature about this subject is made. The authors described extensively the
      general and cutaneous clinical picture. They precise the histological
      characteristics and mention other dermatological proceses from which this entity
      must be differentiated. Finally the ethiology and treatment of this clinical
      picture are discussed.

PMID- 384115
TI  - [Anatomical function of the small intestine (malabsorption syndrome) in
      dermatological diseases].
AB  - Fifty patients with various long lasting skin diseases were examined. Past
      history and digestive-nutritional symptoms were recorded. Two or three samples of
      distal duodenum, elimination of fecal fat and d-xylose absortion test were
      intended to be performed in all patients, but this coincident parameters were
      obtained in only 35 patients. Twenty two of these patients were classified as
      abnormal by 1 of the 3 investigations (62,85%), and 9 (25,71%) were abnormal by 2
      criteria. In addition to these usual studies, vit B12 and folic acid absortion
      were tested in 12 and 23 cases respectively. Distribution does not allow for
      comparison of the "sensibility" of such tests with the forementioned ones. While
      only 2 of the 12 patients showed defective absorption of B12, 8 of 22 cases
      presented with defect of absorption of folic acid. Of this last group, 5 were
      cases of eritrodermia (the test was performed in 6 cases with this diagnosis). In
      the total series of 50 cases, including those not thoroughly studied, 27 (54%)
      presented at least with one abnormal study. These observations point to the
      possible frequency of intestinal absorption alterations, in several skin
      diseases, though of moderate degree and pertaining to variable absorption
      functions. They validate the prosecution of the study, with the aim of clarifying
      the etio-pathogenesis of some dermatological entities and trying to contribute to
      their therapy.

PMID- 384116
TI  - [Legionnaires' disease in kidney transplanted patient].

PMID- 384117
TI  - Directory of Otolaryngologic Societies.

PMID- 384119
TI  - [A rapid biochemical identification of enteric bacteria (author's transl)].

PMID- 384118
TI  - Nursing administration: a selected annotated bibliography of current periodical
      literature in nursing administration and management.

PMID- 384120
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Vinko Vuletic. 1893-1978].

PMID- 384121
TI  - [Gerard Bonte].

PMID- 384122
TI  - Opiates, opioid peptides and single neurones.

PMID- 384123
TI  - Ornithine decarboxylase as a tool in developmental neurobiology.

PMID- 384124
TI  - Humoral factors and the sodium-potassium pump in volume expanded hypertension.

PMID- 384125
TI  - Restoration of responsiveness to gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in calcium
      depleted rat pituitary cells.

PMID- 384126
TI  - Nucleolar immunofluorescence in human hematological malignancies.

PMID- 384127
TI  - Calcium requirements in the action of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin on pancreatic
      acinar cell metabolism.

PMID- 384128
TI  - Circulatory and platelet actions of 6,9-thiaprostacyclin (PGI2-S) in the cat.

PMID- 384129
TI  - Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-like immunoreactivity in salivary glands.

PMID- 384130
TI  - Glicentin: a precursor of glucagon?

PMID- 384131
TI  - [Radionuclide diagnosis of phlebothrombosis of the lower extremities].

PMID- 384133
TI  - [Index of the Soviet literature on medical radiology for 1977].

PMID- 384132
TI  - [M. P. Elizarova (on her 85th birthday)].

PMID- 384134
TI  - Effects of physical training and cardiorespiratory physical fitness on exercise
      heat tolerance: recent observations.
AB  - Most authors agree that physical training in a cool environment improves
      tolerance to exercise in the heat and the rate of heat acclimatization, but the
      extent or degree of improvement remains controversial. The best improvement in
      heat tolerance for men is associated with intensive interval or continuous
      training at a training intensity greater than 50% of maximal oxygen uptake
      (Vo2max) for 8-12 weeks; the Vo2max should be increased 15-20%. Far less is known
      about the appropriate type, intensity and duration of endurance training
      associated with improved exercise-heat tolerance in women. The major benefits of
      physical training appear to apply to both short term (less than 2 hrs) or long
      term (greater than 2 hrs) exercise-heat exposures for men. Generally, individuals
      with high Vo2max values (previously trained and endurance athletes) are at an
      advantage in the heat. Utilization of proper physical training appears to produce
      about 50% of the total adjustment resulting from heat acclimatization, while
      increased fitness is associated with greater retention of acclimatization in cool
      environments. Female athletes appear somewhat better able to tolerate exercise in
      hot environments than nonathletic females while differences between highly
      trained females and males do not appear as dramatic as once thought.

PMID- 384135
TI  - Effects of exercise in the heat on predisposition to heatstroke.
AB  - This article reviews briefly the historical origins for both the cardiovascular
      and neural-anhidrotic concepts of heatstroke pathophysiology. It describes how
      deemphasis of the role of anhidrosis as the primary cause of heatstroke has
      resulted in: (a) an increased acceptance of animal models for heatstroke
      research; (b) further evidence that rigid reliance on the classic heatstroke
      symptoms (coma, anhidrosis, and a fever over 106 degrees F) can result in
      underdiagnosis; and (c) new research consistant with the hypothesis that
      exhaustive physical effort, by worsening circulatory collapse and metabolic
      acidosis predisposes tissue to hyperthermic injury and, as a result,
      substantially lowers the threshold for heatstroke injury and mortality. Thus, a
      new hypothesis combining the essential features of both direct thermal injury and
      cardiovascular origins of heatstroke pathophysiology may be necessary.

PMID- 384136
TI  - [Automatic 2-wave length cytophotometer with a calculator].
AB  - The described microscope photometer is intended for determination of biologically
      active substances in stained cells. It consists of a photometric attachment to a
      standard microscope, a measuring device and a block for digital data processing
      with a calculator 15 BCM-5 or a microcalculator (Formula: see text). The model
      with the microcalculator is described in detail.

PMID- 384137
TI  - [Immunothermistor unit].
AB  - An immunotermistor has been devised for studying immunological reactions. It
      includes a probe pack, a measuring pack and an automatic potentiometer. The
      adoption of analogue integral microcircuits enabled the authors to make a unit
      with high reliability, small size and mass. The error in assessing immunological
      reaction parameters does not exceed 5%.

PMID- 384139
TI  - [Antibodies against thyroid microsomes and thyroglobulin in Basedow's disease and
      other diseases].

PMID- 384138
TI  - [Cardiac rhythm analyzer based on the 15 VSM-5 program-controlled calculator].
AB  - Automatic analysis of the cardiac rhythm recorded through electrodes connected in
      various lead patterns can be carried out with a measuring and calculating
      complex, based on a program controlled calculator provided with the program for
      the rhythm analysis. The functional basis of this complex is a block controlling
      the information input, and it is described comprehensively.

PMID- 384140
TI  - Antiglomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis and
      Goodpasture's syndrome.
AB  - The originally dismal prognosis associated with anti-GBM Ab-mediated GN and
      Goodpasture's syndrome may be changing as we recognize a broader spectrum of
      disease, improve general supportive care, and improve specific treatment.
      Immunosuppressive therapy, if started early in the course of disease, may prevent
      or allow recovery from renal failure and may also result in cessation of
      recurrent pulmonary hemorrhage in most patients with this form of Goodpasture's
      syndrome. The administration of pharmacologic doses of corticosteroids
      intravenously can result in cessation of and dramatic recovery from severe
      pulmonary hemorrhage and obviate the need for emergency bilateral nephrectomy.
      Plasmaspheresis may represent a useful therapeutic procedure for the immediate
      and long term reduction in amounts of circulating anti-GBM Ab, but the definition
      of its true value and role awaits completion of controlled, prospective trials.
      Immunosuppressive therapy, with or without plasmapheresis, can reduce quantities
      of anti-GBM Ab in serum to undetectable levels without nephrectomy. Thus, it is
      likely, but not proven, that nephrectomy can be discontinued as a routine
      pretransplantation procedure in patients with anti-GBM Ab mediated GN. Finally,
      in patients who suffer irreversible renal failure, renal transplantation can be
      successfully undertaken with minimal risk of recurrent disease, when circulating
      anti-GBM Ab becomes undetectable.

PMID- 384141
TI  - Practical aspects of immune electron microscopy.

PMID- 384142
TI  - Translation-uncoupled transcription of promoter-proximal DNA sequences in E. coli
      strains harboring mutationally-generated constitutive promoters within genes of
      the trp operon.

PMID- 384143
TI  - Identification of the C. coli dnaK (groPC756) gene product.
AB  - The E. coli dnaK (groPC756) gene product is essential for bacteriophage lambda
      DNA replication. Bacterial DNA segments carrying this gene have been cloned onto
      a bacteriophage lambda vector. The product of the dnaK gene has been identified
      on SDS polyacrylamide gels after infection of UV-irradiated E. coli cells. The
      dnaK gene codes for a polypeptide with an apparent molecular weight of 93,000-Mr.
      Transducing phages carrying amber mutations in the dnaK gene fail to induce the
      synthesis of the 93,000-Mr polypeptide chain upon infection of sup+ bacteria, but
      do so upon infection of supF bacteria. E coli carrying the dnaK756 mutation are,
      in addition, temperature sensitive for growth at 43 degrees C. It is shown that
      the dnaK756 mutation results in an overproduction of the dnaK gene product at
      that temperature.

PMID- 384144
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of small ColE1 derivatives: structure of the regions
      essential for autonomous replication and colicin E1 immunity.
AB  - A small ColE1 derivative, pAO2, which replicates like the original ColE1 and
      confers immunity to colicin E1 on its host cell has been constructed from a
      quarter region of ColE1 DNA (Oka, 1978). The entire nucleotide sequence of pAO2
      (1,613 base pairs) was determined based on its fine cleavage map. The sequence of
      a similar plasmid, pAO3, carrying additional 70 base pairs was also deduced. The
      sequence in the region covering the replication initiation site on these plasmids
      was consistent with those reported for ColE1 by Tomizawa et al. (1977) and by
      Bastia (1977). DNA sequences indispensable for autonomous replication were
      examined by constructing plasmids from various restriction fragments of pAO2 DNA.
      As a result, a region of 436 base pairs was found to contain sufficient
      information to permit replication. The occurrence of initiation and termination
      codons and of the ribosome-binding sequence on pAO2 DNA suggests that a
      polypeptide chain consisting of 113 amino acid residues may be encoded by the
      region in which the colicin E1 immunity gene has been mapped.

PMID- 384145
TI  - Isolation and restriction mapping of plasmids containing ribosomal DNA sequences
      from the rrn B cistron of E. coli.
AB  - Recombinant plasmids containing the entire 16S RNA gene from the rrn B cistron of
      E. coli inserted in Col E1 and pBR322 plasmid vectors have been constructed.
      These plasmids have been mapped using several restriction endonucleases as well
      as by DNA-RNA hybridization. These maps reveal previously undetected restriction
      sites in the rrn B cistron and in Col E1 plasmid DNA.

PMID- 384146
TI  - Thymidine sensitivity of certain strains of Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - In studies on thymineless death in Escherichia coli K12, it was noted that
      certain thymine requiring mutants were inhibited by thymidine. The pattern of
      inhibition varied with the conditions and media employed. Accumulation of
      deoxyribose-5-phosphate as a possible reason for inhibition is ruled out since
      the strains are deoB- (formerly drm-) and synthesize deoxyriboaldolase
      constitutively. We report this inhibition to alert investigators who study
      thymidine metabolism or use thymidine to label the DNA.

PMID- 384148
TI  - Regulation of mitochondrial ribosomal RNA synthesis in yeast. II. Effects of
      temperature sensitive mutants defective in cytoplasmic protein synthesis.

PMID- 384147
TI  - Regulation of mitochondrial ribosomal RNA synthesis in yeast. I. In search of a
      relaxation of stringency.
AB  - Studies were undertaken to determine if mitochondrial rRNA synthesis in yeast is
      regulated by general cellular stringent control mechanism. Those variables
      affecting the relaxation of a cycloheximide-induced stringent response as a
      result of medium-shift-down or tyrosine limitation include: 1) the stage of cell
      growth, 2) carbon source, 3) strain differences and, 4) integrity of the cell
      wall. The extent of phenotypic relaxation decreased or was eliminated entirely in
      a strain dependent manner as cells entered stationary phase of growth or by
      growth of cells on galactose or in osmotically stabilized spheroplast cultures.
      Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial RNA species were extracted from regrowing
      spheroplast cultures subjected to different experimental regimens and analyzed by
      electrophoresis on 2.5% polyacrylamide gels. Relative rates of synthesis were
      determined in pulse experiments and normalized by double-label procedures to
      longterm label material. Tyrosine starvation was found to inhibit synthesis of
      the large and small rRNA species of both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial rRNAs to
      about 5-20% of the control values. Chloramphenicol inhibits mitochondrial and
      cytoplasmic rRNA synthesis to 60-80% of control; however, chloramphenicol
      addition does not relax the stringent inhibition of either class of rRNAs.
      Cycloheximide addition results in 70-80% inhibition of synthesis of both cellular
      speceis of rRNAs. As noted above, cycloheximide does not relax the stringent
      response of cytoplasmic rRNA synthesis in spheroplasts, and also does not relax
      the stringent inhibition of mitochondrial rRNA synthesis. From these studies, we
      conclude that both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial rRNA synthesis share common
      control mechanisms related to regulation of protein synthesis by shift-down or
      amino acid limitation.

PMID- 384149
TI  - Multiple fusion of protoplasts in Saccharomyces yeasts.
AB  - Fusion of protoplasts prepared from haploid strains of Saccharomyces yeasts
      having identical mating type was induced with the aid of polyethylene glycol.
      Stable fusion products were isolated by complementation of the auxotrophic
      markers. Of 64 isolates derived by protoplast fusion between two different
      haploid strains having alpha mating type, 35 fusion products were estimated from
      their cell volumes to be diploid, 13 to be triploid and 16 to be tetraploid. The
      isolates showing tetraploid cell size were thought to have resulted from fusion
      of three protoplasts of one strain and one protoplast of the other (three-to-one
      fusion) or from two-to-two fusion. In protoplast fusion of three different
      haploid strains having alpha mating type, all four possible phenotypes of fusion
      product were recovered. Fusion products of three different protoplasts were
      obtained in much lower frequency (2.1 x 10(-6)) than those of two different
      protoplasts (1.2 x 10(-5) to 1.4 x 10(-4)) in the three other combinations.
      Genetic analyses revealed that triploid fusion products were formed by protoplast
      fusion of two different strains as well as of three different strains.

PMID- 384150
TI  - The in vitro detection of defects in temperature sensitive RNA polymerases from
      mutants of Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 384151
TI  - Use of RP4-prime plasmids constructed in vitro to promote a polarized transfer of
      the chromosome in Escherichia coli and Rhizobium meliloti.
AB  - RP4-prime plasmids containing chromosomal fragments of either Escherichia coli or
      Rhizobium meliloti were constructed in vitro. When introduced into E. coli or R.
      meliloti respectively, they promoted a polarized transfer of the chromosome as
      demonstrated either by the gradient of transfer of various markers or by the
      study of the genetic constitution of recombinants. In E. coli, mobilization was
      shown to be dependent upon the presence of a functional rec A system. Inheritance
      of markers was due to their integration into the chromosome of the recipient as
      shown by the need for a functional rec A system in the recipient E. coli or by
      mobilization of recessive markers in R. meliloti. The system described could be
      applied to genetic mapping in any Gram negative bacteria.

PMID- 384152
TI  - Mitochondrial activity of 2,6-diaminopurine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - 2,6-diaminpurine (DAP) selectively inhibited mitochondrial protein synthesis in
      yeast cells with concomitant failure of cells to grow in non-fermentable (yeast
      extract, glycerol) medium. The selectivity was pronounced in all strains tested
      (15) nearly all of which were able to grow in yeast extract, glucose medium
      containing 5 mg/ml DAP (maximum solubility) whereas growth was arrested in all
      strains at 250-500 microgram/ml DAP in the glycerol medium. The inhibition was
      reversed by further addition of adenine to the culture medium. RNA synthesis in
      rat liver mitochondria was depressed by DAP suggesting that the analogue affected
      RNA polymerase activity. There was no evidence of nuclear mutagenicity by DAP but
      resistance to the antibiotics chloramphenicol and oligomycin was induced by the
      drug. Genetic evidence, although limited, indicated that the resistance mutations
      were cytoplasmic. The mitochondrial petite mutation was also induced by DAP but
      only at comparatively high concentrations. The mutagenic effects were seen only
      in the glycerol medium.

PMID- 384153
TI  - Regulation of the L-arabinose operon in strains of Escherichia coli containing
      ColE1-ara hybrid plasmids.
AB  - Hybrid plasmids were constructed from fragments of F'ara episomes formed by the
      restriction endonuclease EcoRI and a linear form of the plasmid ColE1 created by
      cleavage with EcoRI. Hybrid plasmids were constructed containing the entire ara
      region or the ara region with various parts deleted. E. coli K12 host strains
      were constructed which contained different deletions of the ara region. The
      hybrid plasmids were transferred to those strains whose ara deletion complemented
      that of the plasmid. The initial differential rates of synthesis of L-arabinose
      isomerase, the product of the araA gene, were determined for the Ara+, plasmid
      containing strains. These studies demonstrated that strains containing
      delta(araOIBA)718 produce elevated levels of araC protein, suggesting the araC
      promoter has been altered by this deletion. Evidence is also presented which
      suggests that araC protein activates the ara-BAD operon to higher levels when it
      is present in cis rather than trans. Amplification of the products of the cloned
      genes is observed when compared to haploid levels in some cases.

PMID- 384154
TI  - Studies of colicin induction with an imm- col+ mutant of the plasmid colicin E1.
AB  - A mutant of a derivative of the colicin E1 plasmid has been isolated that does
      not confer immunity to colicin E1 on its host (imm-) although it is still capable
      of producing colicin (col+). Cells carrying the col+, imm- plasmid are capable of
      forming colonies and grow best in liquid culture in the presence of trypsin. The
      induction of colicin synthesis by ultraviolet light has been analysed using this
      mutant plasmid. The results suggest that a) the expression of the col+ gene may
      be delayed for many generations after the inducing stimulus, b) although induced
      cells are usually killed they can reproduce and c) the capacity to produce
      colicin can be propagated and segregated into the progeny of an induced cell.

PMID- 384155
TI  - Decreased transfer of pyrimidine dimers from parental to daughter DNA strands in
      UV-irradiated Escherichia coli deficient in DNA polymerase III.
AB  - The number of pyrimidine dimers (sites sensitive to UV-endonuclease from M.
      luteus) transferred at 43 degrees to daughter DNA strands during postreplication
      repair in UV-irradiated E. coli uvr A polCts was found to be decreased as
      compared to that after repair at 32 degrees. This indicates the involvement of
      DNA polymerase III in the sister DNA recombination in UV-irradiated E. coli.

PMID- 384156
TI  - Posttranslational regulation of repressible acid phosphatase in yeast.
AB  - On the basis of genetic data it has been suggested that repressible acid
      phosphatase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is regulated by a control circuit
      involving operator-repressor mechanisms (Toh-e et al., 1978). We measured no
      significant difference in the amount of translatable mRNA of repressed and
      derepressed cells in the reticulocyte in vitro translation system. We find a 25
      fold difference in specific enzyme activity in repressed versus derepressed cells
      whereas the amount of 35S-methionine labelled enzyme protein as measured by
      antibody precipitation varies only 2-3 fold. This argues for posttranslational
      regulation of preexisting inactive acid phosphatase. Minor regulatory effects at
      the transcriptional or translational level cannot be excluded.

PMID- 384157
TI  - Product induction of purine hydroxylase II in Asperigillus nidulans.
AB  - By the use of a mutation, hxB-20, that eliminates purine hydroxylase II activity
      but retains cross-reacting material and an ancillary NADH dehydrogenase activity,
      it has been established that 6-hydroxynicotinic acid rather than nicotinic acid,
      is the true inducer of purine hydroxylase II.

PMID- 384158
TI  - Genetic analysis of a mutation affecting ribosomal protein S1 in Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Ribosomal protein S1 from a newly isolated Escherichia coli mutant has a
      molecular weight of about 54,000 which is smaller than the wild type S1 (M.W.
      65,000). The isoelectric points of the smaller and the wild type S1 species are
      similar in the gel electrophoresis system of O'Farrell (1975). Genetic analyses
      by Hfr conjugation and P1 phage transduction indicate that the mutation affecting
      S1 (rpsA) is located close to the serC gene [20 min on the E. coli genetic map of
      Bachmann et al. (1976)], with a co-transduction frequency of 61%. The most
      probable gene order is serC-rpsA-cmlB.

PMID- 384159
TI  - Characterization of 10S RNA: a new stable rna molecule from Escherichia coli.
AB  - When cells of Escherichia coli are labeled with 32Pi for long periods of time and
      the cell content is subjected to electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels, an RNA
      band appears which is about 10S in size. This band seems to contain three
      conformers. After treatment with formamide only a single band appears in this
      region of the gel, which contains 550 nucleotides as determined from its
      mobility. The complexity of the fingerprint of this material, after digestion
      with T1-RNase, is in agreement with the size as determined by the mobility, this
      confirming that indeed it is a single molecule. Composition of the T1
      oligonucleotides was determined by digesting the T1-generated oligonucleotides
      with pancreatic RNase and T2-RNase. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of
      these digestions suggest that 10S RNA contains 609 nucleotides. The molecule
      contains, besides the four regular bases, one copy per molecule of the modified
      base pseudouridine. 10S RNA cannot be processed by cell extracts to tRNA-sized
      molecules and does not bind significantly to ribosomes, hence it is unlikely to
      be a tRNA precursor or an mRNA.

PMID- 384160
TI  - Toxic and mutagenic effects of carcinogens on the mitochondria of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Nineteen haploid yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) strains were used to assess the
      relative growth inhibitory potencies on fermentable vs. non-fermentable media of
      a collection of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic chemicals. The majority of
      carcinogens were distinctly more potent on the non-fermentable (glycerol) medium,
      where mitochrondrial function is required for growth, than on the fermentable
      medium, where it is not. The anti-mitochondrial selectivity indicated by these
      growth tests was much slighter for the non-carcinogens. Similarly most
      carcinogens induced the cytoplasmic petite mutation whereas the non-carcinogens
      did not. Five carcinogens which were tested impaired the development of
      cytochromes aa3 and b in glucose cultures. Six carcinogens, when tested,
      inhibited growth on three fermentable sugars, the utilisation of which requires
      mitochondrial function. Out of five carcinogens which were examined, four
      suppressed the surface-dependent phenomenon of fluocculence in a flocculating
      strain of yeast, at concentrations primarily affecting the mitochondrial system;
      the fifth had a similar but less pronounced effect.

PMID- 384161
TI  - Assembly of ribosomal subunits affected in a ribosomal mutant of E. coli having
      an altered L22 protein.
AB  - In this article we describe some in vivo properties of a coldsensitive ribosomal
      mutant from Escherichia coli. The mutation affects the rplV gene which is the
      structural gene of ribosomal protein L22. Our work shows that at 22 degrees C,
      the biosynthesis of both ribosomal subunits and the maturation processing of 15S
      and 23S ribosomal RNA are impaired. Integration of our results in a general model
      of in vivo ribosomal assembly in E. coli is presented.

PMID- 384162
TI  - Overlapping sequences of Klebsiella pneumoniae nifDNA cloned and characterized.
AB  - A HindIII (17.0 kb) and an EcoR1 restriction fragment (6.9 kb) of Klebsiella
      pneumoniae nif DNA were cloned on two small amplifiable plasmids, pCM1 and pSA30
      respectively. These plasmids between them carry 14 of the 15 known Klebsiella nif
      genes. The operon for the three structural genes for nitrogenase, nifpHDK, is
      carried on pSA30: four and five of the remaining six operons are on pCRA37 and
      pCM1 respectively. All of the nif genes were assigned to endonuclease restriction
      fragments of DNA using the Southern blotting technique (Southern, 1975) with
      total DNA of nif insertion mutants and radioactive plasmid DNA which contained
      cloned nif DNA sequences. Their locations were consistent with the genetic map of
      nif genes. The estimated size of the nif gene cluster was 24 kb.

PMID- 384164
TI  - Do the tightly linked structural genes for nitrate and nitrite reductases in
      Aspergillus nidulans form an operon? Evidence from an insertional translocation
      which separates them.
AB  - Previous work (Rand and Arst, 1977) led to the proposal that the nis-5 mutation
      results in a new low activity promoter for niiA, the structural gene for nitrite
      reductase in Aspergillus nidulans. Expression of niiA via this promoter differs
      from expression of niiA via its normal promoter/initiator in that expression by
      the new promoter is not subject to nitrate induction or ammonium repression. nis
      5 reduces but does not abolish niiA expression mediated by the normal
      promoter/initiator. In this work we show that nis-5 is associated with and is
      probably identical to a non-reciprocal translocation in which a considerable
      portion of the centromere proximal region of the right arm of linkage group II is
      inserted into linkage group VIII between niiA and niaD, the tightly linked,
      probably contiguous structural genes for nitrate reductase. This implies that
      niiA, along with its normal promots yet unidentified by its normal role. Further,
      it indicates that niiA is transcribed from the niaD-proximal side. As niiA and
      niaD are separated by a large number of unrelated genes in nis-5 strains, we can
      safely conclude that expression of niiA does not occur solely by synthesis of a
      messenger which carries a niaD as well as a niiA transcript. Clearly, niiA and
      niaD do not form an operon for which a di- (or poly-) cistronic messenger by the
      only transcript. This is consistent with other experimental evidence which shows
      that the syntheses of nitrate and nitrite reductases are not coordinately
      regulated. Nevertheless, all of these data would also be consistent with a model
      in which niiA and niaD form an operon-type structure having overlapping
      transcripts, one being di- (or poly-) cistronic and including both niiA and niaD
      and another being monocistronic for niiA. The reduced niiA expression mediated by
      the normal promoter/initiator in nis-5 strains could be a consequence of the
      functioning or positioning of the new linkage group II niiA promoter. An
      alternative, but not mutually exclusive, explanation would be that the
      insertional translocation prevents synthesis of a niiA niaD dicistronic
      transcript so that only that component of niiA expression which is due to a
      monocistronic niiA messenger can be induced by nitrate (and nitrite) in nis-5
      strains. The apparently low activity of the new linkage group II promoter in
      comparison to the normal niiA promoter/initiator might betoken considerable
      efficiency of the latter rather than any particular lack of efficiency of the
      former. In addition, this work has involved extensive new mapping in linkage
      group II, including both mitotic mapping of the centromere and meiotic mapping of
      previously unlocated markers. A series of crosses in cluding genotype
      combinations both heterozygous and homozygous for nis-5 has been used to map the
      break-points and orientation of the translocation. As one break-point is closer
      to the centromere of linkage group II than the most centromere proximal
      identified gene on the same (i.e...

PMID- 384163
TI  - Tandem and inverted repeats of arginine genes in Escherichia coli: structural and
      evolutionary considerations.
AB  - Duplications of arg genes produced in the Rec+ and in the recA genetic
      backgrounds are shown by heteroduplex analysis to be strictly tandem at the level
      of resolution of this technique. The formation of these particular rearrangements
      therefore does not require the inclusion of transposons or other sequences of an
      appreciable size in their final structure. Duplications of short segments (about
      2,000 nucleotides) appear unexpectedly stable when compared with duplications of
      longer segments (about 10,000 nucleotides). One of the structures analyzed
      displays two inversely repeated argE genes rearranged into an artificial
      divergent operon. The bearing of this observation on the origin of bipolar
      operons, of "mirror-image" map symmetries and on the production of inverted
      repeats in general, is discussed.

PMID- 384165
TI  - L-Ornithine transaminase synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: regulation by
      inducer exclusion.

PMID- 384166
TI  - Structure of the malB region in Escherichia coli K12. I. Genetic map of the malK
      lamB operon.
AB  - A series of deletions, Mu insertions and point mutations affecting the malK-lamB
      operon have been isolated. They were used to establish a deletion map of this
      operon, which could be divided in 27 intervals, with 16 in malK and 11 in lamB.
      One interesting feature of this map is the lack of randomness in the distribution
      of Mu insertions in the lamB gene; by using data published elsewhere on the
      physical length of the deletion intervals it can be concluded that about 25% of
      these Mu insertions are clustered in a segment representing 2 to 8% of the gene.
      This map is presently being used to study the biosynthesis, structure, and
      function of the lamB product, which is an outer membrane protein involved in the
      transport of maltose and maltodextrin, and which in addition constitutes the
      receptor for phage lambda.

PMID- 384167
TI  - Structure of the malB region in Escherichia coli K12. II. Genetic map of the
      malE,F,G operon.
AB  - Starting with a strain containing a malK-lacZ fusion, a series of lambda plaque
      forming phages which carry varying amounts of the malE,F operon have been
      isolated. We have used these phages to construct a deletion map of the malE,F
      operon. The construction of this deletion map has led to the identification of a
      new gene, malG. The malG gene is located distal to malF. The malG gene product is
      a protein required for the active transport of maltose and maltodextrins.

PMID- 384168
TI  - Structure of the malB region in Escherichia coli K12. III. Correlation of the
      genetic map with the restriction map.
AB  - A correlation between the genetic and physical maps of the malB region was
      obtained by performing a restriction cleavage analysis of DNA's carrying various
      genetically characterized malB deletions. This also allowed to localize the
      boundaries between malF and malE, malE and malK, mal K and lamB on the
      restriction map. The genetic map is not grossly distorted with respect to the
      physical map.

PMID- 384169
TI  - Biogenesis of mitochondria. 52. Deletions in petite strains occurring in the
      mitochondrial gene for the 21 S ribosomal RNA, that affect the properties of
      mitochondrial recombination.

PMID- 384170
TI  - Biogenesis of mitochondria. 53. Physical map of genetic loci in the 21S ribosomal
      RNA region of mitochondrial DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 384171
TI  - The nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of a spontaneous "petite"
      mutant of yeast.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of the repeat unit of the mitochondrial genome of a
      spontaneous petite mutant of S. cerevisiae is reported. The sequence provides
      direct information on the AT-spacers and GC-clusters of the mitochondrial genome
      of yeast.

PMID- 384172
TI  - Var1 is associated with the small ribosomal subunit of mitochondrial ribosomes in
      yeast.
AB  - We show that the mitochondrial protein known as Var1 is identical with the
      ribosome-associated protein previously identified as a product of mitochondrial
      protein synthesis. Although indirect evidence suggests that Var1 is not involved
      in ribosome biosynthesis, a definite conclusion has to await further
      investigation.

PMID- 384173
TI  - Tetracyclines and host defence mechanisms. Doxycyclinepolymethaphosphate sodium
      complex (DMSC) compared to doxycycline with regard to influence on some host
      defence mechanisms.
AB  - A new doxycycline preparation, doxycycline polymethaphosphate sodium complex
      (DMSC), was compared to doxycycline in a cross-over study on six volunteers. The
      serum levels attained were of the same magnitude, but DMSC was shown to influence
      the serum bactericidal effect to a lesser degree. In vitro investigations of the
      influence on chemotaxis showed that DMSC even in high concentrations did not
      interfere with the spontaneous or induced migration to the same extent as
      doxycycline.

PMID- 384174
TI  - Reliability of thermal transitions for characterizing DNA from micro-organisms.
AB  - Data from thermal transitions were evaluated for their usefulness in detecting
      similarities in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of micro-organisms. Levels of
      reproducibility were determined for thermal transition analysis; methods of
      purification of DNA and the solvents, pH, and temperature intervals used during
      thermal transitions did not greatly affect the reproducibility of the values
      obtained. The shape of the thermal transition curve is a stable property of a
      given kind of DNA, and this property can be described quantitatively and with
      satisfactory precision.

PMID- 384175
TI  - Decreased conjugation efficiency by Fla-mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 bearing
      F-like plasmids.
AB  - Fla-, Pil-mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 were found to have decreased transfer
      efficiency of F-like resistance plasmids as compared to the parent strains. This
      was accompanied by decreased production of conjugation pili and decreased
      resistance level to some, but not all, of the antibiotics to which resistance was
      conferred. There was no reduction in pilus production or transfer efficiency in
      any of the mutants when the plasmid was F'gal. This host-mediated influence on
      conjugation pilus production is discussed with reference to a possible loss of
      cell envelope integrity which causes the simultaneous loss of all cellular
      appendage structures.

PMID- 384176
TI  - Surface colony growth in a controlled nutrient environment. 1 The exponential
      law.
AB  - An apparatus designed to study the growth rates of surface colonies in constant
      conditions, i.e. not affected by nutrient diffusion as in a closed Petri dish, is
      described. In contrast to classical experiments in closed systems, an exponential
      growth of colony radius is obtained for a period of more than 72 h. Nutrient
      concentration gradients are shown to be eliminated by analytical techniques.

PMID- 384177
TI  - Surface colony growth in a controlled nutrient environment. 2 The effect of
      ethanol.
AB  - The effect of feed alcohol in an apparatus designed to study growth rates of
      surface colonies in constant nutrient conditions was studied. The results
      obtained indicate that departure from exponential growth in normal conditions is
      due to accumulation of alcohol in the system.

PMID- 384179
TI  - Prenatal preparation with hypnosis.

PMID- 384178
TI  - Recollections of anaesthesia in Aramco.

PMID- 384180
TI  - [Sorbtion of several microorganisms by coal in mine water].

PMID- 384181
TI  - [Use of a mathematical method to evaluate the effect of a mixture of cleansing
      and disinfecting agents on Escherichia coli and staphylococci].

PMID- 384182
TI  - [Phytotoxic metabolites of soil penicillia].

PMID- 384183
TI  - [Comparative study of the protein makeup in diploid and haploid forms of
      Saccharomyces and Pichia].
AB  - The rates of growth, biomass accumulation, and electrophoretic spectra of mobile
      cytoplasmic proteins were studied with nonisogenous haploid and diploid cultures
      of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia guilliermondii as well as with isogenous
      haploid-diploid pairs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pinus. On a mineral
      medium with glucose, differences in these parameters in various yeast strains
      were found to be due to the genotype of a strain rather than to ploidy:
      nonisogenous haploid and diploid cultures displayed considerable and random
      variability of these properties while no differences were found in isogenous
      haploid-diploid pairs. Studies on solubility of protein fractions in various
      solvents made it possible to reveal differences connected with ploidy, namely:
      both in nonisogenous and isogenous haploid-diploid systems, the content of the
      water-soluble fraction decreased in diploid cultures.

PMID- 384184
TI  - Effectiveness of instructional computers in teaching basic medical sciences.
AB  - The present study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of computer-based
      PLATO IV basic medical science lessons. Effectiveness was operationalized in
      terms of increased performance on basic medical science examinations for those
      medical students who had used the lessons when compared to those students who had
      not. Usage of the PLATO lessons was quantified as 'minutes of use' of the
      relevant lessons. Data were gathered in 1976-77 from first-year medical students
      at two sites, both under the auspices of one college of medicine. Usage of PLATO
      lessons and subsequent performance on three subtests from three different
      examinations were analysed. The findings from the current study offer
      encouragement that use of PLATO basic medical science materials contribute to
      increased performance on subsequent examinations.

PMID- 384185
TI  - [Current aspects of pacemaker therapy].

PMID- 384186
TI  - [In memoriam Heinz Urban].

PMID- 384187
TI  - Vincristine and prednisone vs vincristine, L-asparaginase, and prednisone for
      second remission induction of acute lymphocytic leukemia in children.
AB  - Second remission induction rates for vincristine and prednisone alone (VP) and
      vincristine, L-asparaginase, and prednisone (VLP) are compared for children with
      acute lymphocytic leukemia. No evidence of a significant difference between the
      second induction complete remission rate for VP (78.6%) and VLP (73.7%) was
      found. Duration of first remission and prognostic group at initial diagnosis
      (defined on the basis of age and white blood count at initial diagnosis) are
      shown to be significant prognostic factors for second remission induction; and
      three second remission induction risk groups are defined on the basis of these
      two factors. Periodic reinforcement with prednisone in first remission does not
      appear to lower second induction complete response (CR) rates for VP. There was
      no evidence of a significant difference in the frequency of occurrence of severe
      toxicity between the VP and VLP regimens.

PMID- 384188
TI  - Treatment of advanced head and neck cancer by means of radiation therapy plus
      chemotherapy--a randomised trial.
AB  - Fifty-eight patients with advanced head and neck cancer were entered into a
      randomised trial comparing radical radiation therapy to the primary tumour and
      associated lymph node areas with a combination of radiation therapy plus
      chemotherapy. The distribution of tumour types and stages was similar in the two
      treatment groups. The response rates to radiation therapy alone (50% complete
      plus parital response) and to radiation therapy plus chemotherapy (60% complete
      plus partial response) were not significantly different. However, a significant
      difference in survival was found between the two groups. The median duration of
      survival for the patients treated by means of radiation therapy alone was 18
      weeks; that for the combined therapy was 36 weeks. The combination of radical
      radiation therapy plus intermittent high-dose chemotherapy was well tolerated and
      appears to be an approach that warrants further trial.

PMID- 384190
TI  - [Aspects of malaria epidemiology in the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen].

PMID- 384189
TI  - Proceedings of the Tumor Board of the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia:
      alveolar soft-part sarcoma.

PMID- 384191
TI  - [Pressing problems of malaria prevention in the USSR].

PMID- 384192
TI  - [Evgenii Semenovich Shul'man].

PMID- 384193
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. Petr Pavlovich Perfil'ev (1897-1977)].

PMID- 384195
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Dusan Boric (1889-1978)].

PMID- 384194
TI  - [In memoriam Valentina Aleksandrovna Bibikova].

PMID- 384196
TI  - In memoriam Lucille Ann Du Sault (1906-1977).

PMID- 384197
TI  - In memoriam G. Richard Hammerstein, M.S. (1942-1978).

PMID- 384198
TI  - [Harmful effects on the fetus and newborn infant of drugs administered to the
      mother in the pre-, intra- and post-natal period].

PMID- 384199
TI  - [Oxygen therapy of newborn infants].

PMID- 384201
TI  - 25 years of psychopharmacology. Speical issue -- Part II.

PMID- 384200
TI  - [Nasal and intratracheal continuous positive pressure respiration in respiratory
      insufficiency in newborn infants. Criteria of choice and results].

PMID- 384202
TI  - Alphabetical roster of members.

PMID- 384203
TI  - Aggressive hospital marketer will preside over AHA general council.

PMID- 384204
TI  - Hospitals may challenge PRRB ruling reversals.

PMID- 384205
TI  - Local anesthetics, chlorpromazine  and propranolol inhibit stimulus-activation of
      phospholipase A2 in human platelets.

PMID- 384206
TI  - Gonadotropin releasing hormone stimulation of cultured pituitary cells requires
      calcium.

PMID- 384207
TI  - Monovalent ionophores inhibit acetylcholinesterase release from cultured chick
      embryo skeletal muscle cells.

PMID- 384208
TI  - The mechanism of inhibition of DNA transcription in vitro by nitracrine
      (Ledakrin, C-283).

PMID- 384209
TI  - E. coli galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase: N-terminal and C-terminal
      sequences.
AB  - A modified procedure for the purification of E. coli galactose-1-phosphate uridyl
      transferase (E.C. 2.7.6.12) was developed which reproducibly gives pure enzyme.
      The purified enzyme was shown to be a dimeric protein with a subunit molecular
      weight of 41,000 and its amino acid composition and content of free sulfhydryl
      groups were determined. The N-terminal and C-terminal amino acid sequences were
      found to be NH2-thr-gln-phe-asn-pro-val-asp and -ser(val leu)-ala-COOH
      respectively. This N-terminal sequence allowed the identification of the start of
      the transferase gene in the DNA sequence determined by GRINDLEY. Furthermore it
      appears to define a nine base intercistronic region between the epimerase and
      transferase genes.

PMID- 384210
TI  - The effect of temperature on the formation of mutagens in heated beef stock and
      cooked ground beef.

PMID- 384211
TI  - The development of a "Microtitre" fluctuation test for the detection of indirect
      mutagens, and its use in the evaluation of mixed enzyme induction of the liver.
AB  - The "Microtitre" Fluctuation test recently introduced for the detection of direct
      mutagens has been adapted for the detection of indirect mutagens through the
      incorporation of an "S9-mix" metabolic system. It compares favourably with
      Greens' original method for the detection of a range of chemical mutagens. The
      technique has been employed in the evaluation of mixed enzyme induction using
      phenobarbitone and beta-naphthoflavone (benzoflavone), as a safe substitute for
      Aroclor-1254. The post-mitchondrial preparations from rats induced with the
      combined inducers had a similar "metabolic competence" to those derived from
      Aroclor induced animals. Such a combination would therefore provide a useful
      alternative to Aroclor-1254 for routine screening. It was found that the level of
      "S9" present in the metabolic system greatly affected the quantitative mutagenic
      response. This varied considerably from chemical to chemical and underlined the
      need for such preliminary investigations in routine screening.

PMID- 384212
TI  - Bacteriophage T4 v mutants with a slow rate of thymine-dimer excision and a
      particular reactivation phenotype.

PMID- 384213
TI  - Relative effectiveness of the 300--320 NM spectral region on sunlight for the
      production of primary lethal damage in E. coli cells.
AB  - Cell inactivation by sunlight exposure has been studied in E. coli CSR 603 (uvrA
      recA phr), a K12 derivative which is deficient in all known repair systems. Under
      suitable conditions, unfiltered sunlight inactivates these cells to 10(-3)
      survival within 30 sec. The effects of unfiltered sunlight have been compared
      with those of sunlight filtered through 1-cm layers of aqueous caffeine solutions
      ranging in concentration from 1 to 20 mg/ml. In the wavelength region of solar
      emission below 320 nm, which is most critical for DNA damage, the transmission of
      these liquid filters changes from 10 to 90% within 8-nm intervals. Thus our
      results permit minimum estimates for the fraction of lethal lesions produced by
      the solar spectrum below certain wavelenghts. In an experiment analyzed in this
      manner more than 80% of primary lethal lesions are caused by wavelengths less
      than 321 nm, and more than 50% by wavelengths less than 306 nm, while the
      contribution of wavelengths greater than 380 nm to primary lethal damage is below
      1%.

PMID- 384214
TI  - Mutation induction by thymine deprivation in Escherichia coli B/R. II. Mutation
      in the repressed and derepressed tryptophan operon.
AB  - True Trp+ reversions are induced by thymine deprivation in cells with repressed
      trp operons as efficiently as in derepressed cells. At least part of the
      mutations are fixed during thymine starvation, i.e. in the absence of net DNA
      synthesis. The hypothesis is put forward that thymineless mutagenesis is due to
      repair-replication under limited concentrations of 5'-dTTP, performed by an
      inducible error-prone "DNA-polymerizing activity" on single-strand gaps.

PMID- 384215
TI  - Mechanism of the lethal and mutagenic effects of phenoxyacetic acids in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - MCPA and salicylic acid, two compounds with similar structures and almost the
      same dissociation pattern, were tested for lethal and mutagenic effects on, and
      uptake by, cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain rad18. The results obtained
      with the two compounds were similar, suggesting a common mechanism of action. It
      is proposed that they act by increasing the concentration of hydrogen ions within
      the cell, so that killing and mutation occur. Mutations were induced only when
      killing reached 95--99%. The compounds are considered weak mutagens for yeast
      cells. The methyl ester of MCPA also induced killing and reverse mutation, but
      only at concentrations about 100 times higher than for the undissociated acid.
      MCPA methyl ester did not increase the number of revertants in the
      Salmonella/liver microsome test. It is suggested that the effects of the methyl
      ester of MCPA depends on the ester being hydrolysed to the acid by yeast cells
      and the liver microsome preparation.

PMID- 384216
TI  - Mutagenicity of 8-ethoxycaffeine in vitro. Induction of point mutations in the
      Salmonella/microsome test and of sister-chromatid exchanges as well as
      chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO line).
AB  - The caffeine derivative 8-ethoxycaffeine (EOC) was tested in 3 different test
      systems in vitro. Each experiment was carried out with and without S9 mix.
      Incubation temperatures were 20 and 37 degrees C. (1) In the Salmonella/microsome
      test, EOC behaved as a pro-mutagen in the Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1535.
      No mutagenic activity was found in experiments without S9 mix. The influence of
      temperature was negligible. The mutagenic activity of EOC depended mainly on the
      mammals used to prepare the S9 fraction and on the agents given to them to induce
      liver enzymes. (2) EOC did not induce sister-chromatid exchanges in cell
      cultures, either at 20 or at 37 degrees C. (3) On the other hand, EOC induced
      chromosomal aberrations when the cells were incubated at 37 degrees C without S9
      mix.

PMID- 384218
TI  - Chemical mutagenesis by benzo[a]pyrene in Escherichia coli in the absence of any
      activating agents.

PMID- 384217
TI  - Suppression of naphthylamine mutagenicity by amaranth.

PMID- 384219
TI  - Spontaneous mutagenesis in Escherichia coli strains lacking 6-methyladenine
      residues in their DNA: an altered mutational spectrum in dam- mutants.
AB  - The mutational spectrum at the lacI locus in a dam-4 strain of Escherichia coli
      was examined. The observed 20-fold increase in spontaneous mutagenesis in a dam-
      strain was found to be due to base substitutions, primarily transitions, which
      had increased 140-fold. Using the trpE997 mutation it was found that the dam
      mutations also resulted in an increase in frameshift mutagenesis. The mutational
      spectrum of dam- strains was similar to that found with strains carrying the
      mutH, mutL, mutS and uvrE mutations thought to result in a defect in the repair
      of mismatched bases. These results are taken to be consistent with, and to
      support the hypothesis that, dam- strains are deficient in a post-replicative
      error-avoidance pathway which allows the directed elimination of mismatch lesions
      by a mechanism in which parental strands are recognized by their level of DNA
      methylation.

PMID- 384220
TI  - Repair promoted by plasmid pKM101 is different from SOS repair.
AB  - In E. coli K12 bacteria carrying plasmid pKM101, prophage lambda was induced at
      UV doses higher than in plasmid-less parental bacteria. UV-induced reactivation
      per se was less effective. Bacteria with pKM101 showed no alteration in their
      division cycle. Plasmid pKM101 coded for a constitutive error-prone repair
      different from the inducible error-prone repair called SOS repair. Plasmid pKM101
      protected E. coli bacteria from UV damage but slightly sensitized them to X-ray
      lesions. Protection against UV damage was effective in mutant bacteria deficient
      in DNA excision-repair provided that the recA, lexA and uvrE genes were
      functional. Survival of phages lambda and S13 after UV irradiation was enhanced
      in bacteria carrying plasmid pKM101; phage lambda mutagenesis was also increased.
      Plasmid pKM101 repaired potentially lethal DNA lesions, although wild-type DNA
      sequences may not necessarily be restored; hence the mutations observed are the
      traces of the original DNA lesions.

PMID- 384222
TI  - Mutagenesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by sodium azide activated in barley.
AB  - Concentrated dialysate of the extract prepared from barley seeds treated with
      sodium azide increased up to 100--200 times the frequency of forward mutations to
      cycloheximide resistance in the excision-deficient UV-sensitive heploid strain
      rad2-5 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, when applied to growing cells in complete
      medium at pH 4.2. Only a slight increase of mutation frequency (less than 4
      times) was found in the haploid RAD+ strain treated in the same way as well as in
      haploid RAD+ and rad2-5 strains treated directly by sodium azide. In contrast
      with the barley-activated sodium azide, UV irradiation was more effective in the
      induction of cycloheximide resistance in the RAD+ strain than in the RAD2-5
      mutant. The dialysate from azide-treated barley seeds, applied at both pH 4.2 and
      pH 9, also significantly increased the frequency of locus-specific suppressor
      mutations to isoleucine independence and -- to a lesser extent -- reversions
      and/or gene conversions in the trp5 locus in growing cells of the diploid strain
      D7. The dialysate was also mutagenic in resting cells of strains D7 and rad2-5
      but with lower effectiveness.

PMID- 384221
TI  - DNA--benzo[a]pyrene adducts formed in a Salmonella typhimurium mutagenesis assay
      system.
AB  - The DNA adducts formed in Salmonella typhimurium when bacteria are incubated with
      radioactive benzo[a]pyrene and liver microsomal enzymes from several sources has
      been investigated. When enzyme preparations from Aroclor I254 or 3
      methylcholanthrene induced C57BL/6N (B6) mice were used to mediate activation,
      the predominant product was an adduct between the 10 position of 7 beta, 8 alpha
      dihydroxy-9 alpha, 10 alpha epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene and the N-2
      position of deoxyguanosine. Similar results were obtained with human liver and
      with Aroclor-induced rat-liver enzyme preparations. This adduct is also the major
      DNA product previously found when human tissues or certain rodent cells were
      incubated with benzo[a]pyrene. On the other hand, when activation of
      benzo[a]pyrene was mediated by a phenobarbital-induced B6 mouse-liver enzyme
      preparation, the extent of binding was quite low and the profile of DNA adducts
      in S. typhimurium DNA was quite different. Thus, under appropriate conditions,
      the activation and DNA binding of benzo[a]pyrene inthe microsome mediated S.
      typhimurium mutagenesis assay generally resembles that seen in intact mammalian
      cells. Caution must be exercised, however, in the choice of microsome-activation
      systems.

PMID- 384223
TI  - Mitochondrial mutagenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. II. Methyl
      methanesulphonate and diepoxybutane.
AB  - In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, methyl methanesulphonate and diepoxybutane produced
      efficiently lethal, as well as mutagenic, damage in nuclear DNA. However, in the
      same conditions, these agents did not induce cytoplasmic petite mutations and
      poorly induced point mutations (resistance to erythromycin and chloramphenicol)
      in mitochondrial DNA. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.

PMID- 384224
TI  - Enumeration of 6-thioguanine-resistant peripheral blood lymphocytes in man as a
      potential test for somatic cell mutations arising in vivo.
AB  - An autoradiographic method to enumerate variant 6-thiogunanine-resistant (TGr)
      peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) that occur in vivo in man is described.
      Variant cells are detected in PBL cultures stimulated to tritiated thymidine
      (3HTdr) incorporation in vitro with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in the presence of
      TG. Cells with the naturally-occurring Lesch--Nyhan (LN) mutation served as
      prototype-variant cells. PBLs from a LN hemizygous male were found to be
      resistant to TG inhibition of PHA-stimulated 3HTdr in corporation in vitro while
      a LN heterozygous female was found to be a mosaic with 2/1000 PBLs resistant to 2
      X 10(-4) M TG. Experiments with artificial mixtures of LN and normal PBLs showed
      that the LN cells were virtually all detectable even when present in low
      frequency (10(-5)). TGr PBLs were found in healthy non-LN individuals at median
      frequencies of 1.0 X 10(-4) and 1.1 X 10(-4) when determined at 2 X 10(-3) M TG
      and 2 X 10(-4) M TG respectively. Their frequencies were not age-related. TGr PBL
      variant frequencies (Vf's) were determined in 47 cancer patients who were being
      treated with cytotoxic agents that are known to be mutagens. The median TGr PBL
      Vf determined at 2 X 10(-3) M TG in cancer patients was 2.2 X 10(-4) while, when
      determined at 2 X 10(-4) M TG, it was 8.5 X 10(-4). The distribution of Vf's for
      the treated cancer-patient group differed from that for the normal control group
      in that more than half of the treated cancer patients had TGr PBL Vf's greater
      than the highest seen for controls. Unlike those of the normal controls, the TGr
      PBL Vf's of treated cancer patients differed if determined at 2 X 10(-3) M TG and
      2 X 10(-4) M TG, a behavior that suggested partial resistance and mimicked that
      seen with LN TGr PBLs. PBLs resistant to 2,6-diaminopurine (DAPr) were not found
      in two individuals, although the TGr PBL Vf was elevated in one. TGr PBL Vf's
      were greatly elevated under conditions of in vivo selection in patients receiving
      purine-analogue immunosuppressive therapy. The TGr PBL enumerative assay system
      is presented as one of potential value to detect somatic cell mutations occurring
      in vivo in man.

PMID- 384225
TI  - Reversal of sodium-azide mutagenicity by liver preparations and by gastric juice.
AB  - Sodium azide was found to be mutagenic for Salmonella typhimurium by inducing
      base-pair substitutions that were not enhanced by pKM101 plasmid (R factor).
      However, the mutagenicity of sodium azide was decreased by enzyme proteins
      contained in rat-liver post-mitochondrial fractions, depending on the NADPH
      generating system. Pre-incubation with human gastric juice also decreased azide
      mutagenicity. These metabolic effects might explain the conflicting nature of the
      mutagenicity and carcinogenicity tests reported in the literature. Laboratory
      reagents containing 0.1% sodium azide as a preservative showed the expected
      patterns of mutagenicity and of metabolic deactivation, and no aspecific
      interaction could be detected between azide and the various components, including
      proteins, of the reagents tested.

PMID- 384227
TI  - Mutagens in the feces of 3 South-African populations at different levels of risk
      for colon cancer.
AB  - The incidence of mutagens in the feces of 3 South-African populations at
      different risk levels for colon cancer has been determined. Lyophilized fecal
      samples were extracted with ether and the mutagenicity of the extracts determined
      using the Salmonella/mammalian microsome mutagenicity test. 19% of the samples
      from urban white South-Africans, a population at a high risk for colon cancer,
      were mutagenic using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100. This incidence was
      significantly greater (p less than 0.001) than the incidence of mutagen excretion
      in the low-risk populations of urban blacks (2%) and rural blacks (0%). This
      pattern was also obtained using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98. The incidence
      of mutagen excretion for urban whites was 10%, as compared to 5% and 2% for urban
      and rural blacks, respectively.

PMID- 384226
TI  - Additive mutagenic action at low concentrations in Drosophila.

PMID- 384229
TI  - The L-arabinose-resistance test with Salmonella typhimurium strain SV3 selects
      forward mutations at several ara genes.
AB  - A new assay has been described for mutagenicity testing using an L-arabinose
      sensitive strain of Salmonella typhimurium. The test strain SV3 and several L
      arabinose-resistant mutants selected therefrom are characterized in the present
      study by 3 different criteria: inhibition of growth by L-arabinose, accumulation
      of keto-sugars, and activities of the enzymes involved in L-arabinose catabolism.
      Strain SV3 (ara-531) shows high levels of inducible L-arabinose isomerase (EC
      5.3.1.4) and L-ribulokinase (EC 2.7.1.16) activities, but is deficient in L
      ribulose-5-phosphate 4-epimerase (EC 5.1.3.4), the enzyme encoded in Escherichia
      coli by gene D in the araBAD operon. Addition of L-arabinose to SV3 growing in
      glycerol or casamino acids stops growth. D-Glucose only partially reverses this
      inhibition. Reversion of the ara-531 mutation restores different levels of
      epimerase activity and resistance to L-arabinose. However, the great majority of
      the L-arabinose-resistant mutants do not utilize L-arabinose. The physiological
      and enzymatic properties of these L-arabinose non-utilizing mutants suggest that
      L-arabinose resistance is due to forward mutations in at least 3 other genes,
      araA, araB and araC, blocking steps prior to L-ribulose 5-phosphate accumulation.

PMID- 384228
TI  - Methodology for the testing of food dyes for genotoxic activity: experiments with
      red 2G (C.I. 18050).
AB  - A methodology for investigating genotoxicity of food colours using the
      fluctuation and DNA-repair assays with bacteria is described. In addition, a
      liquid repair test, developed to permit incorporation of microsomes and the
      quantitative estimation of cell viability, has been characterised with a number
      of positive control agents. Results obtained in these systems suggest that the
      food colour Red 2G induces repairable DNA damage and base-substitution mutation,
      but only in the presence of a rat-liver microsomal preparation. The significance
      of the data in the light of other toxicological information is discussed.

PMID- 384230
TI  - Statistical tests for recessive lethal-carriers.
AB  - This paper presents a statistical method for testing whether a male mouse is a
      recessive lethal-carrier. The analysis is based on a back-cross experiment in
      which the male mouse is mated with some of his daughters. The numbers of total
      implantations and intrauterine deaths in each litter are recorded. It is assumed
      that, conditional on the number of total implantations, the number of
      intrauterine deaths follows a binomial distribution. Using computer-simulated
      experimentation it is shown that the proposed statistical method, which is
      sensitive to the pattern of intrauterine death rates, is more powerful than a
      test based only on the total number of implant deaths. The proposed test requires
      relatively simple calculations and can be used for a wide range of values of
      total implantations and background implant mortality rates. For computer
      simulated experiments, there was no practical difference between the empirical
      error rate and the nominal error rate.

PMID- 384231
TI  - Platinum(II) complexes generate frame-shift mutations in test strains of
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - cis-Diamminodichloroplatinum(II) (cis-PDD) and diaquoethylenediamineplatinum(II)
      induce histidine revertants in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 (frame-shift
      mutation) and TA100 (base-pair substitution mutation). A linear dose--response
      relationship is found with cis-PDD acting on TA98 and TA100. Salmonella
      typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537 and TA1538 are not sensitive to the mutagenic
      action of cis-PDD. All 5 strains are sensitive to the toxic effect of cis-PDD.
      Platinum(II) complexes induce mutations (frame-shift or base-pair substitution)
      only in strains carrying the R-factor plasmid.

PMID- 384232
TI  - Recombinogenicity and mutagenicity of saccharin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Diploid yeast grown in the presence of a commercial lot of saccharin exhibited
      reproducible, dose-dependent increases in intergenic and intragenic
      recombination, and mutation. Cells grew to nearly the same titer in media without
      saccharin and containing 2 or 20 mg saccharin/ml, although cell viability was
      somewhat reduced in saccharin-containing media. At the high test dose of 100
      mg/ml, titers and cell viability were more markedly lowered. Differences between
      this study and previous (negative) tests of saccharin in yeast are described.

PMID- 384233
TI  - Mutagenic effects of styrene and styrene oxide.

PMID- 384234
TI  - Derivatives of side-chain hydroxylated nitrosamines direct acting mutagens in
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Methyl-(beta-tosyloxyethyl)nitrosamine and 3-methyl-4,5-dihydro-1,2,3
      oxadiazolium tosylate are potent direct acting mutagens in the Ames assay, as is
      N-nitrosoprolinyl tosylate. These compounds are derived from beta-hydroxylated
      nitrosamines. The closely related methyl-(gamma-tosyloxypropyl)nitrosamine is not
      mutagenic without activation. These data are consistent with the chemical
      behavior of these substances, which suggest that suitable derivatives of beta
      hydroxylated nitrosamines, such as O-sulfates, may be direct-acting biological
      alkylating agents.

PMID- 384235
TI  - Testing of some permitted food colours for the induction of gene conversion in
      diploid yeast.
AB  - 12 permitted food colours in use were screened for geno-toxicity. Mitotic gene
      conversion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used as the end-point. Each food
      colour was tested in stationary-phase as well as log-phase cells but without
      microsomal activation. These food colours did not cause any increase in mitotic
      gene conversion in diploid yeast BZ 34.

PMID- 384236
TI  - Mutagenic effects of cadmium on mammalian oocyte chromosomes.
AB  - When female golden hamsters were treated with cadmium chloride at the oogenesis
      stages of diakinesis/metaphase I to metaphase II, oocytes with the chromosomal
      complements of hyperhaploidy and diploidy, as well as oocytes at the anaphase-I
      stage, were observed. Oocytes of this species were especially sensitive to
      cadmium. Chromosome analysis of metaphase-II oocytes seems to be a useful method
      for the screening of mutagenicity of environmental contaminants in mammalian germ
      cells in vivo.

PMID- 384237
TI  - Cytogenetic studies in patients treated with penicillamine.
AB  - Cytogenetic studies were performed on bone-marrow cells from 11 patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis treated with penicillamine. One of the patients was studied
      while developing a granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia. The findings show that
      penicillamine had no chromosome-damaging effect as estimated by the micronucleus
      test and by the number of structural chromosomal aberrations.

PMID- 384238
TI  - Non-mutagenicity of some sex hormones in the Ames salmonella/microsome
      mutagenicity test.

PMID- 384239
TI  - Mutagenicity of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds: maltol, kojic acid, diacetyl and
      related substances.

PMID- 384240
TI  - Evaluation of benzidine by the micronucleus test.

PMID- 384241
TI  - Failure of high-dose vitamin C (ascorbic acid) therapy to benefit patients with
      advanced cancer. A controlled trial.
AB  - One hundred and fifty patients with advanced cancer participated in a controlled
      double-blind study to evaluate the effects of high-dose vitamin C on symptoms and
      survival. Patients were divided randomly into a group that received vitamin C (10
      g per day) and one that received a comparably flavored lactose placebo. Sixty
      evaluable patients received vitamin C and 63 received a placebo. Both groups were
      similar in age, sex, site of primary tumor, performance score, tumor grade and
      previous chemotherapy. The two groups showed no appreciable difference in changes
      in symptoms, performance status, appetite or weight. The median survival for all
      patients was about seven weeks, and the survival curves essentially overlapped.
      In this selected group of patients, we were unable to show a therapeutic benefit
      of high-dose vitamin C treatment.

PMID- 384243
TI  - Glandular kallikrein.

PMID- 384242
TI  - Virus-induced diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 384244
TI  - Glandular kallikrein.

PMID- 384245
TI  - Financing graduate medical education.
AB  - The direct costs of residency training in the United States are over $1 billion
      per year. These educational programs have been organized predominantly around
      hospital services and supported by hospital revenues. Pressure has been
      increasing to reduce the rate of increase in hospital expenditures or costs or
      both. This article describes alternative methods for financing graduate medical
      education. Debate over the current sources of financing reveals several
      troublesome issues: the presence of residents allegedly decreases the
      productivity of professionals and leads to overusage of ancillary services,
      proposed methods to pay for faculty salaries and services have created confusion
      and concern, and the financing of ambulatory-care training has been insufficient
      and poorly coordinated. The medical-education community must resolve these
      professional and educational problems so that financing issues can be debated and
      properly defended.

PMID- 384246
TI  - Hematopoietic stem cells.

PMID- 384247
TI  - Hematopoietic stem cells (second of three parts).

PMID- 384248
TI  - Warfarin sodium versus low-dose heparin in the long-term treatment of venous
      thrombosis.
AB  - Acute deep-vein thrombosis is usually treated with intravenous heparin for a
      number of days, then with oral anticoagulants for weeks to months. We have
      compared adjusted-dose warfarin sodium with fixed low-dose subcutaneous heparin
      in the prevention of recurrent deep-vein thrombosis. Sixty-eight patients with
      acute deep-vein thrombosis confirmed by venography were treated with intravenous
      heparin and then randomized to secondary prophylaxis. Nine of 35 patients
      receiving subcutaneous heparin, but none of 33 receiving warfarin sodium, had new
      episodes of objectively documented venous thromboembolism (P = 0.001). Seven
      patients on warfarin sodium experienced bleeding complications (of which four
      were major), as compared with no patients receiving subcutaneous heparin (P less
      than 0.005). Thus, adjusted-dose warfarin sodium is more effective than low-dose
      subcutaneous heparin in preventing recurrent venous thromboembolism, but its use
      is accompanied by a significant risk of bleeding.

PMID- 384249
TI  - Hematopoietic stem cells (third of three parts).

PMID- 384250
TI  - Drug therapy: Bromocriptine.

PMID- 384251
TI  - Therapy of recurrent invasive urinary-tract infections of men.

PMID- 384253
TI  - Current concepts in cancer: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma--selection of treatment on the
      basis of histologic type.

PMID- 384252
TI  - Rethrombosis--warfarin or low-dose heparin?

PMID- 384254
TI  - Detection of circulating antigen of Aspergillus fumigatus in sera of mice and
      rabbits by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
AB  - Circulating antigen of Aspergillus fumigatus was demonstrated in the sera of
      experimentally infected, cortisone-treated mice and rabbits by enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay (micro-ELISA), confirming earlier results where fungal
      antigen had been detected by counter-immunoelectrophoresis (CIE). Peaks of
      detection of circulating antigen by CIE and micro-ELISA in mice were not
      simultaneous suggesting that the nature of the predominant antigens may have
      altered during the course of infection. CIE failed to detect fungal antigen in
      infected rabbits whereas micro-ELISA monitored antigenemia until death. Both CIE
      and micro-ELISA demonstrated the rapid clearance of intravenously inoculated
      Aspergillus-antigen from the rabbit circulation.

PMID- 384255
TI  - Prevalence of pathogenic fungi in the toe-webs and toe-nails of diabetic
      patients.
AB  - 100 diabetic and 100 diabetes-free patients were mycologically examined for the
      presence of pathogenic fungi in their toe-webs and toe-nails. While there were
      clinical signs of presumed mycotic infection in 73 of the diabetic and in 66 of
      the non-diabetic subjects, the examination of the KOH-treated specimens revealed
      fungal elements in only 70 of the former and in 53 of the latter group. Isolation
      of the causative agent was possible in 57 of the diabetic patients (T. rubrum in
      46%, C. albicans in 31%, T. mentagrophytes in 21% and E. floccosum in 3%) and in
      40 of the control group (T. rubrum 57,5%, T. mentagrophytes 35%, C. albicans 5%,
      E. floccosum 2,5%). An interesting correlation was observed between the level of
      blood sugar and the percentage of positive fungal findings, the patients with
      more than 3000 mg/ml being 100% afected. C. albicans was found in a lower
      percentage in non-diabetic patients. The in vitro test of the sensitivity of the
      isolated organisms to the antidiabetic drugs, received by the patients, showed no
      significant anti-fungal activity.

PMID- 384257
TI  - Citations from the recent literature.

PMID- 384258
TI  - Directory.

PMID- 384256
TI  - Comparison of the growth of virulent and attenuated strains of Candida albicans
      in the kidneys of normal and cortison-treated mice by chitin assay.
AB  - Candida albicans strain 22114 was avirulent for mice compared with strain 19321
      in that, administered intravenously, 10(6) blastospores of 22114 failed to kill
      whereas 10(6) blastospores of 19321 produced 100% mortality. Cortisone treatment
      rendered mice susceptible to killing by 22114. Chitin assay showed that cortisone
      stimulated the growth of both strains in the mouse kidney. Growth of 19321 was
      increased up to five-fold and 22114 up to forty-fold. The strains may have
      differential susceptibility to cortisone-sensitive host defences which control
      fungal growth in vivo.

PMID- 384259
TI  - Citations from the recent literature.

PMID- 384260
TI  - Prenatal exposure to chemical carcinogens and its effect on subsequent
      generations.
AB  - That exposure of pregnant animals to chemical carcinogens results in the
      occurrence of tumors in the progeny is well documented. Evidence has been
      accumulated on at least 38 chemicals pertaining to different chemical groups. The
      experimental evidence was followed by observations in humans regarding the
      increased risk of cancer in daughters of women who received stilbestrol during
      pregnancy. Additional experimental evidence is accumulating on the possibility
      that exposure during pregnancy results in an increased incidence of tumors for
      more than one generation of untreated descendants. Studies done on mice with DMBA
      and on rats with MNU and ENU showed that exposure to the carcinogens during
      pregnancy resulted in a high incidence of tumors in animals of the first
      generation and in an increased incidence of tumors at specific sites in untreated
      animals of the second and third generations.

PMID- 384261
TI  - Perinatal viral carcinogenesis: the role of immunity.
AB  - The perinatal period cumulates conditions favorable to carcinogenesis that
      comprise high cellular multiplication rates, unstable homeostasis, and immune
      incompetence. The placenta allows the passage of various antigens including
      oncogenic viruses that have immunogenic or tolerogenic effects on the fetus.
      According to the structural type in different species, the placenta also
      transfers a diversity of maternal antibodies that protect efficiently the unborn
      progeny. However, in the postnatal period, the infant deprived of maternal
      antibodies and still incompetent to produce sufficient levels of immunoglobulins
      is highly susceptible to viral carcinogenesis. In an experimental system, newborn
      rats were totally protected against viral leukemogenesis by prenatal immunization
      of mothers with either live or inactivated leukemia virus. The routes of transfer
      and the comparative efficiency of serum and milk immunoglobulins of different
      classes to neutralize the virus were examined. The passage of antibodies under
      conditions of maternal immunosuppression was also studied.

PMID- 384262
TI  - Transplacental and neonatal induction of neurogenic tumors in mice: comparison
      with related species and with human pediatric neoplasms.
AB  - The literature on chemical induction and natural occurrence of neurogenic tumors
      in mice and some unpublished data from our laboratories are reviewed. Neurogenic
      tumors are a minor component of the total tumorigenic response of mice to
      alkylating agents such as ENU and MNU. In comparison with rats, a given dose of
      ENU induces a much lower incidence of neurogenic tumors in mice, and the mean
      latency is much longer than in rats. Although most neurogenic tumors induced by
      ENU in mice by either transplacental or direct postnatal exposure are of glial or
      Schwann cell origin, as in rats, and occur most frequently in the cerebrum or
      cranial nerves, respectively, medulloblastomas of the cerebellum also occur in
      treated mice. Transplacental and neonatal exposure to ENU were much more
      effective in inducing neurogenic tumors than treatment later in life. Ependymomas
      were not seen in mice, although they are common in ENU-treated rats.
      Neuroblastoma of the adrenal medulla, a common human pediatric tumor, has not
      been induced to either species, but it does occur spontaneously in mice. The
      induction by ENU of medulloblastomas demonstrates that this rodent equivalent of
      an embryonal tumor of the human nervous system can result from exposure to
      exogenous chemical agents.

PMID- 384263
TI  - Neoplastic response of mouse tissues during perinatal age periods and its
      significance in chemical carcinogenesis.
AB  - A series of studies pertaining to perinatal carcinogenesis have been reviewed.
      Their main objective was development and definition of a sensitivity biologic
      model for carcinogenicity screening. Data were summarized on factors modifying
      the carcinogenic response of various tissues following transplacental, neonatal
      infant, or adult exposure of (B57BL/6J X C3HeB/FeJ)F1 mice to a single
      administration of ENU. In addition, tumor response of mice treated during
      specific perinatal age periods with DEN, BP, aflatoxin B1, benzidine . 2HCl, DDT,
      dieldrin, and safrole were analyzed. The results revealed that the age of the
      animals at the time of carcinogenic exposure has been the most effective
      modulator of carcinogenesis in liver, lung, stomach, ovary, and lymphoreticular
      tissues. Infancy proved to be the most susceptible period to carcinogenesis as
      demonstrated by a great variety of tissues that responded to treatment and the
      incidence of tumors which developed. Depending on the nature of carcinogen,
      variation in organ sites undergoing carcinogenesis was considerable, apparently
      due to difference in their enzymatic competence to activate and metabolize the
      agent. Thus a single treatment with ENU, a spontaneously activated type of
      procarcinogen, induced 59 primary types of tumors in 22 tissues. In contrast,
      treatment of infants by procarcinogens requiring enzymatic activation led to
      development of tumors only at a limited number of tissue sites. However,
      regardless of the type of carcinogen used, the liver consistently responded with
      development of tumors. Detailed morphologic and biologic evaluations of the
      induced liver tumors demonstrated in addition to the benign neoplastic variety,
      the presence of the frank malignant tumors. The character of tumors was dependent
      not only on carcinogenicity of the agent used but also on the age of mice at the
      time of carcinogenic treatment. Perinatally induced primary liver tumors showed
      greater tendency to metastasize and were more readily transplantable into an
      isogeneic host than those induced at later age periods. Data showed the advantage
      of prenatal and/or postnatal treatment in combination of life-long exposures to
      test agents as a more sensitive bioassay system in comparison with solely
      postweaning treatment. Because the early age period is the most sensitivity life
      phase to carcinogenesis, it appears to be a good model for prescreening various
      potential carcinogens, especially when only small amounts of test substances are
      available. The importance of the proper relationship of such bioassay to the
      other test systems regarding assessment of potential human risk has been
      emphasized.

PMID- 384264
TI  - Developmental mechanism of estrogen-induced irreversible changes in the mouse
      cervicovaginal epithelium.
AB  - Neonatal female mice of the NMRI strain, given injections of 17 beta-estradiol or
      DES, were studied with respect to immediate effects and those that appeared in
      the animal's adult stage. With the estrogen dose used (5 micrograms daily),
      proliferation of the pseudostratified columnar epithelium in the upper part of
      the mullerian vagina was inhibited. This resulted in the occurrence of regions
      containing an RCE in the uterine cervix and upper vagina of adult animals instead
      of the normal squamous epithelium. Later, the RCE developed into adenosis;
      subsequently, suspected malignant changes were seen. Besides the morphologic
      differences compared with control animals, neonatal estrogen treatment resulted
      in changes in the amount of CVA. Compared with controls, the amount of CVA was
      high in the superficial mucified vaginal cells of neonatally DES-treated mice,
      subsequently castrated and given estrogen as adults. The RCE had a low level of
      CVA. An interaction of estradiol and prolactin was important for the CVA level.
      Neonatal estrogen treatment may result in persistent changes in the regulation of
      plasma prolactin. A comparison is made between the estrogen-induced changes in
      mice and the DES effects in the female offspring of women exposed to DES during
      pregnancy. The importance of the mouse model for the study of the relevance of
      estrogen-induced, irreversible changes and other factors in the development of
      human clear cell adenocarcinomas in the vagina and cervix is stressed.

PMID- 384266
TI  - A selectively driven molecular clock.

PMID- 384265
TI  - Clinical genetics and pediatric neoplasms: pathogenetic and etiologic
      perspectives.
AB  - Clinical and genetic aspects of pediatric neoplasms were reviewed from
      pathogenetic and etiologic perspectives. Developmental principles and phenomena
      common to several tumors and tumor syndromes were identified, summarized, and
      critically evaluated. Their enumeration may be useful in future cancer research.
      No single hypothesis on the cause and pathogenesis of cancer appears to apply to
      all disorders. We believe that multiple causes and pathways lead to the phenotype
      "cancer" and that in particular the pathogenetic relationship between tissue
      dysplasias and cancers deserves increased attention.

PMID- 384267
TI  - Metabolites of diethylstilboestrol induce sister chromatid exchange in human
      cultured fibroblasts.
AB  - Diethylstilboesterol (DES) is one of the few substances for which a clear
      association with carcinogenicity has been established in man. Nevertheless, it is
      still widely used, mainly as a cheap oestrogen to increase the slaughter weight
      of beef, but in spite of this it is not known if residues in the meat or
      metabolites excreted by the cattle are hazardous to man. It is also unknown
      whether there is a threshold dose below which DES is harmless. A threshold might
      be expected if a hormonal mechanism of carcinogensis rather than metabolic
      activation to an electrophically reactive species operats. This possibility was
      supported by the observations that DES, in contrast to most other carcinogens,
      failed to induce mutations in the Salmonella/microsome test or malignant
      transformations of eukaryotic cells in culture. It is also disturbing that DES,
      one of the few known human carcinogens was negative in these two most widely used
      short-term tests introduced as fast early-earning system for potential
      carcinogens. We now report that DES is positive in sister chromatid exchange
      (SCE) induction, a short-term test for which a high correlation with the
      carcinogenicity of the compounds tested has been observed. Moreover, we show that
      metabolic activation was involved. Two different pathways leading to metabolites
      much more active in SCE induction than DES itself ('proximate agents') were
      established.

PMID- 384268
TI  - Ca2+-induced noradrenaline release from central noradrenergic neurons promoted by
      high K+ concentration or ionophore A23187.

PMID- 384269
TI  - Effect of methylene blue and thiol oxidants on pancreatic islet GSH/GSSG ratios
      and tolbutamide mediated insulin release in vitro.
AB  - Methylene blue (an oxidant of NADPH), diamide (an oxidant of glutathion-SH [GSH])
      and tertbutyl hydroperoxide (a substrate of glutathione peroxidase) significantly
      decreased the GSH content of pancreatic rat islets and decreased their GSH/GSSG
      ratio. They also significantly depressed the single peak insulin response to
      tolbutamide by the isolated perfused pancreas as well as its synergistic action
      with glucose in isolated pancreatic islets. These results suggest that the effect
      of tolbutamide alone and its synergistic action with glucose could depend on the
      islet NADPH and GSH. In addition it appears that augmentation of tolbutamide
      action by glucose in insulin release is mediated by the provision of additional
      NADPH and GSH through glucose metabolism.

PMID- 384272
TI  - [Tertiarty malaria with a long incubation period caused by a Plasmodium vivax
      strain in a Turkish woman].

PMID- 384271
TI  - [Uric acid metabolism, specifically the effect of diuretics on the process].

PMID- 384273
TI  - [ELISA].

PMID- 384270
TI  - Role of calcium in prostaglandin E release induced by bradykinin and the
      ionophore A 23187.

PMID- 384274
TI  - [The physicians' oath of the Friesian University in Franeker (1640)].

PMID- 384275
TI  - Federal dollars for obstetrical care in Nebraska.

PMID- 384276
TI  - Fifty years in medicine.

PMID- 384277
TI  - My specialty: oncology.

PMID- 384279
TI  - Renal sodium handling in cirrhosis: a reappraisal.

PMID- 384278
TI  - Gout, a multi-faceted disease: Jan Van Breemen lecture, presented to the Dutch
      Society of Rheumatologists.

PMID- 384280
TI  - Hemolytic-uremic syndrome.

PMID- 384281
TI  - Effect of peritoneal dialysis, haemodialysis and kidney transplantation on blood
      platelet function. I. Platelet aggregation by ADP and epinephrine.
AB  - Quantitation of the thrombocytopathy of uraemics may be one useful way of
      evaluating forms of therapy. 24 patients treated by haemodialysis and peritoneal
      dialysis at two different times had platelet aggregation studies whose parameters
      were compared with those of 24 normal persons, 5 successful transplants or 13
      untreated uraemics. Renal transplantation and peritoneal dialysis improved
      platelet function. The haemodialysis procedure itself impaired platelet function:
      this was not due to heparin.

PMID- 384283
TI  - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis associated glomerulopathy.
AB  - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive neurologic disease
      associated with chronic measles infection. We have assessed renal function
      parameters and renal biopsy details in 14 patients with SSPE. All had normal
      renal function. However, 9 had microscopic hematuria. 9 patients had focal
      segmental mesangial proliferation and 5 had capillary wall thickening with
      deposits visible by light microscopy. 13 patients had glomerular C3 deposition
      and 4 had IgG deposits. SSPE is a disease caused by chronic viral infection, in
      which nephritogenic complex formation may occur.

PMID- 384282
TI  - Selective vitamin B12 malabsorption with proteinuria. Renal biopsy study.
AB  - Percutaneous renal biopsy were performed on 5 patients with selective vitamin B12
      malabsorption of whom 3 had proteinuria. Light microscopy showed slight
      prominence of the mesangial areas but otherwise the findings were normal.
      Electron microscopy showed increased mesangial matrix, thickening of the basement
      membrane at the mesangial areas and dark mesangial deposit. Light flocculent
      subendothelial material, moon craters, membranous convoluted structures,
      extracellular round particles and occasional intracellular microtubular
      inclusions were also seen in the glomeruli. The tubular basement membrane
      appeared thickened around a few tubules, showing membranous vesicular debris and
      convoluted structures. The capsular membrane also showed vesicular debris. On
      immunohistochemical examination the glomerular deposits contained immunoglobulins
      but not complement - an argument against their immunological nature. Deposits
      were seen only in patients who had been on inadequate treatment for years before
      the biopsy. Adequate treatment after correct diagnosis decreased the amount of
      deposits. Proteinuria did not apparently depend on the presence of glomerular
      deposits.

PMID- 384284
TI  - [Stereotaxic ventroposteromedial thalamotomy in the treatment. Clinical
      observations and physiopathological considerations].
AB  - In 6 patients the authors performed stereotaxic ventroposteromedial thalamotomy
      for abolition or reduction of pain. The operation produced lesions in the centrum
      medianum and parasfascicular nucleus. In 2 cases unilateral operation was
      performed contralaterally to the side of pain, in the remaining cases the
      operation was done bilaterally as a one-step procedure. Postoperative follow
      demonstrated that in 1 case improvement was completely absent, in 4 initial good
      effect was transient and pain returned after several weeks and in only 1 patient
      very good effect persists for over 12 months. In the light of these experiences
      and a survey of the pertinent literature the authors reach the conclusion that
      limited stereotatic lesion of the so called non-specific pain-transmitting
      thalamic nuclei produces permanent abolition or alleviation of pain in few cases
      only. The pathophysiology of pain is discussed in the light of these data.

PMID- 384285
TI  - [Neurology in Warsaw between world wars].

PMID- 384286
TI  - [Current views on the principles of drug treatment of epilepsy].

PMID- 384287
TI  - Rat CNS in experimental chronic serum sickness: integrity of the zonulae
      occludentes of the choroid plexus epithelium and brain endothelium in
      experimental chronic serum sickness.
AB  - The present study is an extensive systematic immunofluorescence and labelled
      electron microscopic investigation of chronic rat serum sickness brains. It is
      specifically directed at discerning effects of chronic serum sickness upon the
      zonulae occludentes of both the choroid plexus epithelium and the intra-cerebral
      endothelium. Although the choroid plexus is a known site of complex entrapment in
      systemic immune complex disorders, comprehensive immune studies of the CNS
      parenchymal vasculature have not yet been reported in either experimental or
      spontaneous immune complex disease. We examined by direct immunofluorescence
      techniques over 70 blocks of experimental chronic serum sickness brains taken
      from 16 animals with severe glomerular disease and found them to be uniformly
      negative for the presence of immune deposits. No horseradish peroxidase was seen
      beyond the restricting zonulae occludentes of either the choroid plexus or the
      cerebral endothelium in tissue from three serious affected animals. These
      structural barriers retained their integrity despite the extensive circulation
      and deposition of complexes and complement induced in the experimental model and
      the associated release of vasoactive substances.

PMID- 384288
TI  - Use of anal sphincter electromyography during operations on the conus medullaris
      and sacral nerve roots.
AB  - The mechanical activity of the anal sphincter can be translated into electrical
      activity and recorded on graph paper or an oscilloscope. The activity of the anal
      sphincter may be extrapolated to activity of the external urethral sphincter
      because both are striated muscles innervated by the pudendal nerve that arises
      from S-2, S-3, and S-4. Stimulation of these nerves causes contraction of the
      sphincter muscles, and a deflection of the recording device occurs. This
      technique was employed intraoperatively in monitoring operations on the conus
      medullaris and sacral nerve roots in 10 patients with spinal dysraphism (age
      range, 3 weeks to 15 years). Their diagnoses were tethered conus, 4;
      lipomeningocele, 3; spinal hamartoma, 1; syringocele, 1; and sacral
      arachnoiditis, 1. With general anesthesia, and the patient in the prone position,
      an electrode-containing anal plug was inserted or two needle electrodes were
      inserted into the anal sphincter muscle. The electrodes were connected to the
      electromyography recording stylus of the urodynamic bladder diagnostic unit.
      During the spinal operation, whenever a structure could not be identified
      clearly, it was stimulated with the disposable electrical stimulator and, if
      oscillations of the stylus occurred (indicating contraction of the anal
      sphincter), the structure was preserved. This technique permitted spinal
      operations in these 10 patients without changes in neurological or urological
      function.

PMID- 384289
TI  - Perspectives in international neurosurgery: neurosurgery in Australia.

PMID- 384290
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in patients with pseudotumor cerebri.
AB  - CSF dynamics were determined as a function of intracranial pressure in patients
      with pseudotumor cerebri. Servocontrolled variable rate lumbar infusions were
      used to determine net CSF-absorptive capacities and resting pressures in 10
      patients; serial studies were done in 5 of the patients. Nearly all of the
      patients had abnormally low CSF-absorptive capacities. On the other hand, marked
      elevations in resting pressure were not a constant feature of the disease.
      Concurrent changes in the cerebrovascular bed could introduce errors into this
      manometric determination of CSF dynamics; the significance of this potential
      artifact is examined. The results of this study suggest that the CSF compartment
      may be of etiological importance in the pathophysiology of pseudotumor cerebri.

PMID- 384292
TI  - Perspectives in international neurosurgery: neurosurgery in Singapore.

PMID- 384291
TI  - Kidney donation: needs and possibilities.
AB  - The need for cadaver kidney donors far surpasses the present supply. The subject
      of how to increase the number of donors is extremely complex, involving not only
      the medical issue of determination of brain death, but also philosophical,
      religious, legal, political, psychological, and economic considerations and the
      opinions of leaders and lay groups. It now seems that the physician can rapidly
      and unequivocally ascertain brain death, that the law not only recognizes this
      but can facilitate organ retrieval, that adequate numbers of potential donors
      should be available, and that both the public and physicians generally favor
      retrieval. Our survey of patients seeking aid in the emergency room revealed that
      19% had signed the donor statement on their driving license. Of the neurosurgeons
      and neurologists who responded to a questionnaire, 74% had requested donation and
      37% had obtained permission for organ retrieval. Review of our case material
      revealed that 60% of individuals with head injuries alone who were hospitalized
      for over 3 days were suitable donors. Of the 54 kidneys retrieved during a 6
      month period, 49 (90%) were transplanted. Because most potential donors come to
      the attention of neurosurgeons and neurologists and because it seems ethically
      appropriate for physicians to consider transplantation when death is certain, we
      suggest that an organized effort be undertaken to develop a liaison with
      transplantation services to facilitate the process of obtaining adequate numbers
      of cadaver kidneys.

PMID- 384293
TI  - Drug-induced experimental lipidosis in the nervous system.

PMID- 384294
TI  - Isolation of influenza virus from muscle in myoglobinuric polymyositis.
AB  - We report the first isolation of influenza virus from muscle in a man with
      myoglobinuria and acute polymyositis. Influenza virus was isolated from cultures
      of Madin Darby bovine kidney and primary rhesus monkey kidney cells inoculated
      with muscle homogenates in the presence of trypsin; the virus was identified by
      neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition studies using influenza B/Lee
      antiserum. Viral plaque assay was performed with Madin Darby canine cells. Viral
      antigen was also detected by specific immunofluorescence in muscle, and myxovirus
      like particles were seen in subsarcolemmal vacuoles by electronmicroscopy. The
      pathologic findings were similar to those of childhood dermatomyositis, except
      for a large proportion of necrotic muscle fibers. The evidence suggests that the
      pathogenesis of influenzal polymyositis in this patient involved direct viral
      infection of muscle.

PMID- 384296
TI  - Isolated bilateral oculomotor paresis due to lymphoma.
AB  - A patient with histiocytic lymphoma developed bilateral oculomotor nerve palsies,
      sparing the pupils. At postmortem examination, there was lymphomatous
      infiltration in the oculomotor nerves. To our knowledge, this is the first
      patient with lymphoma to manifest these isolated findings.

PMID- 384295
TI  - Studies in aging of the brain: IV. Familial Alzheimer disease: Relation to
      transmissible dementia, aneuploidy, and microtubular defects.
AB  - Alzheimer disease was transmitted in a pattern consistent with an autosomal
      dominant trait in three families. This brings to 50 the number of such families
      reported. In one of our families, one patient had histologically confirmed
      Alzheimer disease, whereas her sister had proved spongiform encephalopathy. Other
      data suggest a link between familial Alzheimer disease and transmissible
      dementia. Alzheimer disease is associated with abnormal neurofibrillary
      structures, Down syndrome, and abnormal numbers of chromosomes in lymphocytes
      (aneuploidy). These observations are consistent with a disorder in the physiology
      of tubular-filamentous structures involving different cell types.

PMID- 384297
TI  - Valporic acid and coma.

PMID- 384299
TI  - [Searching for descendents of Peking man].

PMID- 384298
TI  - [The complement fixation test in leishmaniasis. Comparison between an antigen
      extracted from leishmania cultures and one extracted from BCG].
AB  - A comparison between a BCG antigen and various batches of an antigen extracted at
      different times from leishmania cultures in the fixation of complement reaction
      is reported. A better response was obtained with BCG (further confirmation on a
      larger series is being sought), whereas the leishmania antigens were difficult to
      prepare and their batch titres were not constant.

PMID- 384300
TI  - [Principal complications and contraindications in the use of mechanical
      contraceptives].

PMID- 384301
TI  - Energy balances in obese mice.
AB  - According to most existing theories, the regulation of energy balance is achieved
      by control of energy intake. This study was undertaken to find out whether there
      was control of energy output as well. Food intake, energy balance and the feed
      efficiency of weanling female mice made obese with injections of gold-thioglucose
      and monosodium glutamate indicate that the obesity is primarly due to an
      increased energetic efficiency, and suggest that the hypothalamus plays a role in
      controlling energy output. In the case of treatment with MSG, a relative obesity
      was observed, i.e. an increase in body fat without any change in body weight.
      This indicates that the CNS centres for the regulation of body weight and body
      fat are probably not the same. It is suggested that MSG obesity will be a
      suitable model for comparative studies of body weight and the regulation of fat
      content. It is concluded that chemically induced obesity is due more to a lower
      metabolic rate than to an elevated food intake.

PMID- 384302
TI  - The justification theory: the essential nature of the non-essential amino acids.

PMID- 384303
TI  - Nutrition classics. The Journal of the American Chemical Society. A new pteridine
      in urine required for the growth of the protozoon Crithidia fasciculata.
      (Received March 24, 1955).

PMID- 384304
TI  - The dollars and sense of nurses' salaries. Part 2. What does or doesn't add to
      your paycheck?

PMID- 384306
TI  - Transplantation: a historical review.

PMID- 384305
TI  - Fetal cardiac arrhythmias.
AB  - Fetal cardiac arrhythmias have been classified and the current literature
      reviewed. Emphasis is placed on antepartum diagnosis and appropriate therapy. The
      incidence of congenital heart disease varies with the type of arrhythmia. The
      differential diagnosis of fetal cardiac arrhythmias and management are discussed.

PMID- 384308
TI  - Immuno-electron microscopic localization of a choriogonadotropin-like antigen in
      cancer-associated bacteria.
AB  - The presence of choriogonadotropin-like material and its intimate association
      with the membranes of the wall of bacteria isolated from cancer patients, has
      been demonstrated by immuno-electron microscopy utilizing the indirect peroxidase
      antiperoxidase-labeled antibody technique. The bacteria were an Escherichia coli
      strain isolated from a carcinoma of colon, and ATCC 25559 strain of Eubacterium
      lentum, an anaerobic microorganism originally isolated from a rectal tumor.

PMID- 384307
TI  - Effect of different fixatives on the localization of human melanoma antigens by
      immunofluorescence.
AB  - This study was designed to study the effect of different fixatives on melanoma
      antigens by immunofluorescence. Two postautoimmune antimelanoma sera were tested
      on two human malignant melanoma cell lines fixed with different fixatives by
      indirect immunofluorescence. Ethanol, methanol, formalin, trichloroacetic acid
      and acetone gave sharp membrane fluorescence. Minimal to moderate cytoplasmic
      fluorescence was seen with acetone but none with the others. Formalin gave the
      highest membrane fluorescent antibody titers at 1/512. Isopentane and isooctane
      yielded bright cytoplasmic fluorescence. Weak diffuse cytoplasmic fluorescence
      was seen with glutaraldehyde. Fluorescence was completely abrogated by
      paraformaldehyde. No fluorescence was seen with four nonimmunized melanoma sera
      and phosphate-buffered saline when used as controls. It can be concluded that
      different fluorescent patterns were seen on melanoma cells when different
      fixatives were used.

PMID- 384309
TI  - Removable partial dentures and periodontal disease.

PMID- 384310
TI  - Marginal microleakage in resin restorations.

PMID- 384311
TI  - Astigmatism and the Flieringa ring.
AB  - Routine use of a Flieringa ring in conjunction with a large corneal section for
      intracapsular or extracapsular surgery facilitates more accurate wound closure
      and can significantly decrease the amount of postoperative astigmatism.

PMID- 384313
TI  - Astigmatic considerations in corneal graft.
AB  - Some fictions about astigmatism should be dispelled: 1) Sutures determine
      astigmatism. They do not. 2) The size of the graft is contributory to
      astigmatism. It is not contributory. 3) Anterior or posterior cutting of the
      graft makes no difference. It does make a difference. 4) Same size trephine can
      be used to cut graft and recipient opening. Not when graft is cut from posterior
      surface or significant flattening will result. 5) A small cutting error is of no
      consequence. A small cutting error can cause a great deal of astigmatism. Tissue
      factors are paramount. Sutures must maintain wound apposition primarily.
      Posterior cutting requires a larger diameter trephine. A one-half-mm cutting
      error can cause an astigmatism of five diopters. Excessive corneal astigmatism,
      when it does occur, can be controlled by corneal wedge resection. The surgical
      keratometer identifies and limits surgical and suture-induced errors. Success in
      microsurgical keratoplasty can no longer be defined only as a clear graft. It
      must include also minimal or no residual optical error.

PMID- 384312
TI  - Maintenance of mydriasis with topical indomethacin during and after penetrating
      keratoplasty in the rabbit.
AB  - The use of indomethacin eyedrops, 0.5%, in combination with topical atropine and
      phenylephrine, prior to and immediately following an 8-mm penetrating
      keratoplasty in rabbits maintains maximal pupillary dilation. With this
      technique, we achieved clear grafts without synechiae in virtually every
      instance.

PMID- 384314
TI  - Indications, complications and prognosis for repeat penetrating keratoplasty.
AB  - A review of 47 repeat penetrating keratoplasties in 29 eyes showed the most
      frequent indications to be Fuchs' dystrophy, bullous keratopathy, and
      keratoconus. The most common postoperative complications were edema, glaucoma,
      and vascularization. Ninety other surgical procedures were performed in 26 of the
      29 eyes. Final vision was no worse than 20/300 in 26% of the group. It is
      suggested that repeat grafting should be continued in the absence of
      contraindications.

PMID- 384316
TI  - Skin tumors and trephines.
AB  - Outmoded glaucoma and corneal trephines may be used to obtain incisional and
      excisional biopsies from eyelid lesions. The wounds created in doing the
      incisional biopsy are ignored and those created by doing excisions are closed by
      grafts using the same trephine.

PMID- 384315
TI  - Dacryocystorhinostomy: a modification of the Dupuy-Dutemps operation.
AB  - In a series of 112 cases, dacryocystorhinostomy with direct anterior and
      posterior flap anastomosis has produced a success rate of 94%. Modifications from
      the original procedure described by Dupuy-Dutemps include preparation of the
      lacrimal sac flaps and preplacement of the sutures prior to the osteotomy which
      facilitates accurate identification and approximation with the nasal flaps.
      Adaptic gauze impregnated with polysporin ointment is packed into the rhinostomy
      site and out to the anterior nares to maintain patency and minimize clot and
      membrane formation. Common canalicular stenosis must be recognized and treated
      with silicone intubation to prevent failure in an otherwise correctable
      situation.

PMID- 384317
TI  - The "disposable" flap: a modified fornix flap for corneal retraction during
      cataract surgery.
AB  - A simple and rapid method to facilitate corneal retraction with a fornix-based
      conjunctival flap is described. The procedure eliminates the need for placement
      of a corneal traction suture during cataract surgery and lens implantation.

PMID- 384318
TI  - Evolution of cataract surgery since the deSchweinitz era.

PMID- 384319
TI  - Successful argon laser sclerostomy for glaucoma.
AB  - A sclerostomy was produced in a case of chronic angle-closure glaucoma using the
      Argon laser. A filtering bleb was present two years postoperatively and pressure
      was normalized.

PMID- 384320
TI  - The eyebrow graft.
AB  - The full-thickness eyebrow graft constitutes a valuable technique in restoring
      resected or devitalized brow tissue. Proper brow appearance may be obtained with
      this technique.

PMID- 384321
TI  - Tarsal grafting for correction of cicatricial entropion.
AB  - A technique of tarsal grafting was used as a simple yet effective procedure for
      the correction of upper-lid cicatricial entropion. A tarsal graft, 3 to 4 mm in
      height, excised from the superior tarsus of the donor upper eyelid and placed in
      a marginal tarsotomy, vertically expands the posterior lamella of the involved
      lid. This graft also provides a base for suture fixation of the everted lid
      margin. One case of unilateral cicatricial entropion corrected with a
      contralateral tarsal graft and one case of bilateral cicatricial entropion
      corrected by ipsilateral tarsal grafting demonstrate results obtained with this
      technique. Functional and cosmetically satisfactory results have been achieved
      with this technique. No recurrence of cicatricial entropion has been noted. With
      this procedure, tarsus provides excellent graft material for correction of the
      eyelid deformities associated with cicatricial entropion.

PMID- 384322
TI  - Intraocular pressure after aphakic penetrating keratoplasty "through-and-through"
      suturing.
AB  - Our clinical study was designed to determine whether "through-and-through"
      corneal sutures would prevent the postoperative intraocular pressure rise that
      occurs in 70% of aphakic eyes after uncomplicated penetrating keratoplasty.
      Twenty-five aphakic patients received the same operative procedure except that
      the corneal buttons of ten of them were sutured into place with "through-and
      through" sutures. The intraocular pressures of patients with the "through-and
      through" sutures were significantly lower than those of the other patients during
      the entire postoperative course.

PMID- 384323
TI  - Wedge resection in host cornea to correct post-keratoplasty astigmatism.
AB  - The obvious problem with surgery of this nature is that the amount of wedge to be
      removed is partially guess work. Doctor Troutman's keratoscope attachment to his
      microscope is very helpful. I have tried thermokeratoplasty in a very similar
      case, but the disadvantages of pain, ulceration, vascularization, and
      considerable return to pre-burn K readings have made me abandon this technique.
      If there is an obvious override, then the keratoplasty wound itself must be
      revised in the usual manner. However, for the present, when a graft looks perfect
      but the K readings reveal otherwise, a judicious wedge resection between graft
      and limbus (location being in the flattest meridian) would appear to be a most
      reasonable operation.

PMID- 384324
TI  - A new microsurgical corneal trephine.
AB  - A new corneal trephine has been described which allows the surgeon to see the
      circumference of the cutting edge, as well as most of the cornea, lens and iris,
      while looking through the operating microscope. The trephine has a 3-mm cutting
      ring supported by an open "branding iron" structure.

PMID- 384325
TI  - Analgesia for operative dentistry: a comparison of acupuncture and placebo.
AB  - Fifty-one volunteer patients participated in a study to evaluate the
      effectiveness of acupuncture as an analgesic for operative dentistry. For the
      twenty-six patients randomly assigned to an acupuncture group, needles were
      inserted through specially designed holders into the Ho-Ku points, located
      between the first and second metacarpals. An acupuncture pulse generator provided
      electrical current. For the twenty-five patients in a placebo group, the
      identical needle and holder arrangement was used. When inserted, however, the
      needles became embedded in plastic on the undersurface of the holders and did not
      touch the skin of the patient or receive any electrical stimulation. The patients
      and dentists were blind to this procedural variation. Analysis of ratings and
      responses indicated no differences in findings for the acupuncture and placebo
      procedures, with both having 100% success and high levels of patient acceptance.
      Since there was no electric current or penetration of the skin in the placebo
      group, the findings suggest that the successful use of acupuncture for
      restorative dentistry may be due to psychological and/or placebo effects in
      combination with a possible diminished need for analgesia because of the modern
      use of the high-speed drill.

PMID- 384326
TI  - Effect of temperature change on the sealing properties of Cavit and Cavit G.
AB  - Sixty recently extracted intact anterior teeth were filled with Cavit G or Cavit.
      They were examined for dye penetration at room temperature and subjected to
      temperature change. Under the test conditions Cavit G and Cavit were resistant to
      penetration by aqueous methylene blue dye.

PMID- 384327
TI  - Retro root filling.

PMID- 384328
TI  - Detection of immune complexes in human dental periapical lesions by
      anticomplement immunofluorescence technique.
AB  - Twenty-five human dental periapical lesions were obtained. The lesions were
      frozen, sectioned, and examined for the presence of immune complexes by employing
      an anticomplement immunofluorescence (ACIF) technique. Twenty-three of the
      periapical specimens were positive for antigen-antibody complexes. No staining
      was noted in the two lesions that were histologically diagnosed as periapical
      scar tissue.

PMID- 384329
TI  - [French Society of Orthodontics].

PMID- 384330
TI  - [Craniomandibular abnormalities. Bibliography].

PMID- 384331
TI  - [Craniomandibular abnormalities. Glossary].

PMID- 384332
TI  - [Therapeutic choice in agenesis of lateral maxillary incisors. The
      dentomaxillofacial context as a deciding factor].

PMID- 384333
TI  - [Late orthodontics of midface retraction in surgically treated facial clefts.
      Principles and results].

PMID- 384334
TI  - Methods for the detection of soluble circulating immune complexes and their
      application.

PMID- 384335
TI  - Endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract and related tumors.

PMID- 384336
TI  - Pathophysiology of vitamin B12.

PMID- 384337
TI  - Mechanisms of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 384339
TI  - Electron microscopy of adipose tissue tumors: comparative features of hibernomas,
      myxoid and pleomorphic liposarcomas.
AB  - Two hibernomas, 16 myxoid, and eight pleomorphic liposarcomas were studied by
      transmission electron microscopy. Neoplastic cells in hibernomas and the type I
      cells--adipocytes--in myxoid liposarcomas consistently display abundant lipid
      droplet populations and prominent basal lamina deposition. Despite some
      variability in their distribution, these features clearly pertain to the mature
      and/or maturing characteristics of brown and white adipose cells. On the other
      hand, the more primitive type II cells of myxoid liposarcomas display highly
      variable, and occasionally absent, lipid droplet populations and basal lamina
      deposition. Moreover, the type II cells may also display other features such as
      prominent cytoplasmic filaments and rough endoplasmic reticulum that, while not
      characteristic of typical adipose cells, are still consistent with the more
      primitive mesenchymal cells from which they are assumed to derive. The cells of
      pleomorphic liposarcomas exhibit a variable lipid droplet population and
      apparently total absence of basal lamina deposition. Moreover, they often display
      atypical cell junctions that are neither characteristic for adipose cells nor for
      the "primitive reticular cells" from which adipocytes presumably derive. These
      observations would suggest that some "high grade" sarcomas may no be truly
      "undifferentiated"; rather, they may often display structural characteristics
      indicative of multiple as well as variable lines of differentiation. Therefore,
      classifications of such tumors based on quantitatively limited observations may
      not truly reflect their evident complexities.

PMID- 384338
TI  - Ischemic diseases of the large intestine.
AB  - The blood flow within the walls of the digestive tract must be sufficient to
      maintain its structural and functional integrity. All episodes of vascular
      insufficiency cause ischemic damage to the organ and carry the threat of diffuse
      or focal necrosis. Certain forms of ischemic colitis or proctitis arise from
      episodes of reduced peripheric or splanchnic blood flow; indeed, those that do
      not culminate in necorsis of the colonic wall are more frequently caused by
      hemodynamic disorders than by vascular occlusions. The crisis is often mitigated
      by the development of collateral circulation, which is nevertheless of rather
      meager quality, such that the patients are very vulnerable to subsequent slight
      changes in cardiac output. Necrotic, gangrenous ischemic colitis arises from a
      combination of occlusive damage to the arteries and general hemodynamic
      disturbances. The vascular insufficiency might be slight or severe, temporary or
      long-lasting, localized or diffuse. In addition, the attack occurs in a septic
      medium in the presence of an abundant microbial flora that may be highly
      pathogenic. Thus infection complicates and aggravates the ischemic damage, with
      the result that the gangrenous aspect of the lesions tends to hide their ischemic
      origin. Indeed, the variability of the manifestations of the disease represents
      one of its primary characteristics and is a function of the different causative
      factors. A knowledge of the anatomy and pathophysiology of the splanchnic
      circulation and its hemodynamics is essential for a full appreciation of the
      diagnosis and treatment of the disorders and for the adoption of the aggressive
      approach necessary to improve the poor prognosis of ischemic diseases of the
      colon and rectum. The salient points have been stressed in the present chapter.
      The features of the different forms of the disease have been described, together
      with the necessary medical treatment and the indications for surgical for
      surgical intervention. In the relatively rare cases where operation is necessary,
      the tactics and techniques have been described. All treatment should be based on
      (a) constant, prolonged intensive care; (b) precise monitoring of any change in
      status; and (c) rapid excision of any necrotic (often gangrenous) tissue.
      Ischemic colitis is most likely to occur in elderly patients with a history of
      cardiovascular disease, but it is not excluded in younger individuals. It is a
      frequent entity and is potentially lethal. Although its clinical, radiological,
      and anatomical characteristics permit its classification as a separate disease,
      it is often confused with other disorders of the colon. Although the abdominal
      surgeon is most likely to be concerned with this disease, the vascular surgeon
      who attacks the lower aorta should always be on the lookout for possible
      occurrences of segmentary ischemia of the distal colon as a result of his
      intervention.

PMID- 384340
TI  - Pathophysiology and pathology of elevated intracranial pressure.

PMID- 384341
TI  - [Adrenal cortex activity following endotoxin administration].

PMID- 384342
TI  - [Cytoluminescent modulation of sonic frequency electrical oscillations as a
      method of recording bioenergetic shifts in living and surviving cells].

PMID- 384344
TI  - [In memory of N. F. Krut'ko].

PMID- 384343
TI  - [Burn autointoxication].

PMID- 384345
TI  - [Claude Bernard (on the 100th anniversary of his death, 1878--1978)].

PMID- 384346
TI  - [1978--an important landmark for Polish pathomorphologists].

PMID- 384348
TI  - [Prof. Ludwik Paszkiewicz in the memory of his pupils].

PMID- 384347
TI  - [My memories of Prof. Ludwik Paszkiewicz during the occupation].

PMID- 384349
TI  - [Neuroendocrinological aspects of recognition of ovarian tumors as dissipative
      structures].

PMID- 384350
TI  - Histopathologic changes and the immune response within the jejunal mucosa in
      infants and children.
AB  - Jejunal biopsies obtained from 45 children referred for a variety of clinical
      conditions were examined histologically and by standard immunofluorescence
      methods. The number of plasma cells was recorded per "mucosal tissue unit". The
      results showed that most of the immunoglobulin A (IgA) counts in infants under 3
      yr with normal mucosa were low and that there was a rise in the number of IgA
      plasma cells starting after this age. Despite this, under pathologic conditions
      (partial villous atrophy with increased inflammatory cell infiltration--PVA) a
      significant rise in IgA plasma cells occurred in all age groups. Patients with
      coeliac disease tended to show the highest IgA as well as IgM plasma cell counts.
      In all other patients, IgM counts did not change significantly with age or
      histologic abnormalities.

PMID- 384351
TI  - The effect of human colostrum on neutrophil function.
AB  - Strains of Escherichia coli were opsonized in human colostrum via heat stable
      opsonins and the classic complement pathway, but colostrum lacked capacity to
      opsonize E. coli via the alternative pathway. There was no bacteriostatic
      activity against serum sensitive E. coli strains, although specific antibodies
      against the strains were present. Neutrophils suspended in colostrum had normal
      chemotaxis and this was not altered by treating the colostrum with HCl.

PMID- 384352
TI  - Abnormal pancreatic endocrine function in Reye's syndrome survivors and their
      relatives: a preliminary report.

PMID- 384353
TI  - Immunogenetic bases of congenital malformations: association of HLA-B27 with
      spina bifida.
AB  - A random sample of 46 families with single and multiple cases of spina bifida has
      been selected from families referred to the Institute of Pediatrics for genetic
      counseling. This sample constituted a group of 92 patients and 102 offspring: 41
      normal, 46 with spina bifida, and 13 with spina bifida occulta. Routine HLA
      typing was performed on the parents and their children. For each case, 13 HLA
      specifities from locus A and 15 from locus B were determined. Segregation
      analysis in families showed excellent agreement with the expected values. HLA
      gene frequencies in the affected children as compared with a control population
      of 240 normal adults, revealed significantly higher frequency for HLA-B27 allele:
      chi 2 = 11.9515, P (corrected for the number of alleles) less than 0.028. A
      significant relative risk of spina bifida development for a given HLA-B27 antigen
      was 2.7. In view of the presented results, routine HLA typing might be
      recommended for genetic counseling as a new tool for identification of high risk
      families.

PMID- 384354
TI  - The current status of chloramphenicol.

PMID- 384355
TI  - Biochemical alterations in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and bilirubin
      encephalopathy: a review.
AB  - This review article discusses some current questions concerning the measurement
      of bilirubin in the blood of newborn infants and the relationship of these blood
      parameters to the biochemical defects responsible for bilirubin encephalopathy. A
      discussion of numerous theories, which have been put forth to explain the
      specific biochemical mechanism by which bilirubin acts on brain metabolism,
      demonstrates that presently there is no unequivocal explanation for the molecular
      events leading to bilirubin encephalopathy.

PMID- 384356
TI  - Bilirubin binding tests: living up to expectations?

PMID- 384357
TI  - Bilirubin: worked out years ago?

PMID- 384358
TI  - Fever and survival in the rat. The effect of enhancing fever.
AB  - To study the effect of fever on infectious disease in a mammal, rats, partially
      restrained by an antirotatory device and with chronically implanted preoptic
      thermodes, were injected with Salmonella enteritidis and, in some of them, the
      hypothalamus was then continuously cooled to enhance the febrile response. All
      animals developed a fever that peaked 2 days after the infection, reaching 40.9
      +/- 0.2 (SD) degrees C in the nine hypothalamic cooled and only 39.8 +/- 0.4
      degrees C in the 13 control animals (P less than 0.001). All the hypothalamic
      cooled animals died within 8 days of infection, whereas only 23% of the controls
      had died after 28 days of infection (P = 0.0006). When the hypothalamus was
      continuously cooled in five uninfected animals, rectal temperature increased to
      40.9 +/- 0.3 degrees C but 24 h later it had decreased to 39.6 +/- 0.3 (P less
      than 0.025). This decrease in body temperature suggests that the hypothalamic
      thermosensors had partially lost their effectiveness. It is concluded that
      cooling the hypothalamus increases the mortality rate in rats infected with S.
      enteritidis and that this effect could be mediated by the high body temperature
      or by the concomitant metabolic and endocrine responses thus induced.

PMID- 384359
TI  - [Calculation examples for the attachments of removable and fixed partial
      dentures].

PMID- 384360
TI  - [Intrathoracic X-ray manifestations in malignant lymphoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 384361
TI  - [Infantile viral gastroenteritis, diagnosis by immunoelectronmicroscopy of
      feces].

PMID- 384362
TI  - [Autochtone malaria].

PMID- 384363
TI  - [Diagnosis of mediterranean eruptive fever by indirect immunofluorescence].

PMID- 384364
TI  - [Ventilation with expiratory positive pressure protects against the harmful
      effects of cardiac output increase].

PMID- 384365
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial structural genes for cysteine-tRNA and
      histidine-tRNA of yeast.
AB  - We have determined the nucleotide sequence of a segment of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae mtDNA that contains the structural genes for a cysteine-tRNA and a
      histidine-tRNA. The genes are approximately 85 bp apart, they do not contain
      intervening sequences or sequences coding for the 3'-CCA terminus and they are
      surrounded by nearly pure AT segments. The tRNAs deduced are very AT-rich, 74 and
      75 nucleotides long, respectively, and contain one or more unusual features not
      found in tRNAs from other sources.

PMID- 384367
TI  - Characterization of an improved in vitro DNA replication system for Escherichia
      coli plasmids.
AB  - A modified in vitro replication system has been characterized and used to
      catalogue the host proteins required for the replication of plasmid RSF1030.
      These extracts differ from systems described previously in that endogenous DNA is
      removed. Replication in vitro therefore requires an exogenouos RSF1030. Synthesis
      in the in vitro system faithfully mimics in vivo replication with respect to the
      products synthesized, effects of specific inhibitors, and requirements for RNA
      polymerase and DNA polymerase I. In addition, we find that proteins encoded by
      dnaB, dnaC, dnaG, dnaI, dnaP and polC (DNA polymerase III), are required for in
      vitro plasmid synthesis. The product of dnaA is not required. Extracts prepared
      from E. coli mutants deficient in in vitro replication can be complemented by
      addition of purified proteins or of extracts carrying the wild type protein.

PMID- 384366
TI  - Characterizing wild-type and mutant promoters of the tetracycline resistance gene
      in pBR313.
AB  - By employing a system of RNA polymerase binding and restriction endonuclease
      digestion, we demonstrate that the region in and around the Hind III site of
      pBR313 and pBR322 is the promoter for the tetracycline (Tc) resistance gene(s).
      Furthermore, it is shown that this region was transferred intact from pSC101
      during the construction of the latter plasmids. The in vitro insertion of a few
      base pairs at the Hind III site produces a series of "down" promoter mutations in
      which the level of in vivo Tc resistance is reduced. Sequence analysis of the
      various promoter mutations revealed significant base pair rearrangements in the
      region between -40 and -12 of the promoter. While these base alterations do not
      appear to affect the firm binding of RNA polymerase, they do affect the ability
      of mutant promoters to initiate transcription. These observations suggest that
      the region from -40 to -12, previously designated as the "recognition region", is
      actually involved in the process of initiation of transcription.

PMID- 384368
TI  - Home health agencies and community nursing services accredited by NLN/APHA,
      September 1979.

PMID- 384369
TI  - A tribute to Brenda Mee.

PMID- 384370
TI  - Obituary: Miss Zachariah -- an embodiment of humility.

PMID- 384371
TI  - Paediatric advances: the struggle for child survival.

PMID- 384373
TI  - Meditation and cancer: slowing down the inevitable.

PMID- 384372
TI  - Nursing care study. Phenol burns: carbolic acid strikes fast.

PMID- 384374
TI  - Radiation-related nausea and vomiting: a review of the literature.

PMID- 384375
TI  - [Hormonal regulation of bile duct movement with reference to effects of food].

PMID- 384376
TI  - [Vulvovaginal moniliasis].

PMID- 384377
TI  - [Phenobarbital in the treatment of hepatic disorders of bilirubin metabolism].

PMID- 384378
TI  - [Contributions of Polish physicians tothe control of tubercuolsis].

PMID- 384379
TI  - [Effect of repeated cranio-cerebral injuries in boxers on the central nervous
      system functions].

PMID- 384380
TI  - 30 years of the Ludwik Warynski Silesian Medical Academy--the history and
      development of the department of pharmacology.

PMID- 384381
TI  - Classification and identification of Actinomycetales causing actinomycosis.

PMID- 384383
TI  - [Biochemical aspects of alcoholism. I. Ethanol metabolism and its effect on
      carbohydrate metabolism].

PMID- 384382
TI  - [Levamisole -- a drug modifying immunologic phenomena].

PMID- 384384
TI  - Diabetes mellitus and pregnancy--the nine month experiment.
AB  - The writer presents a personal experience of caring for the pregnant diabetic.
      During a 27 year period (1951-1977) 328 women were treated in 649 pregnancies
      (668 infants). There was no maternal death. The overall perinatal loss was 9.1%.
      The Caesarean section rate was only 23%. In recent years a policy of intensely
      strict control of diabetes has improved foetal survival. It is suggested that
      this may represent objective evidence that strict control of diabetes has long
      term benefits.

PMID- 384385
TI  - Clinical ecology: a review.

PMID- 384386
TI  - Dydrogesterone in teenage dysmenorrhoea. A multicentre trial in general practice.

PMID- 384387
TI  - May 31, 1940. Dunkirk ablaze.

PMID- 384388
TI  - The treatment of gastric ulcer: a comparative trial of four preparations.

PMID- 384389
TI  - 'I have hay fever. I love you. George.'.

PMID- 384390
TI  - The centenary of Sir Arthur Hurst.

PMID- 384391
TI  - Sugar and dental caries: myth and fact. Fifth in a series of articles.

PMID- 384392
TI  - [Activities of the All-Union Scientific Society of Phthisiologists during the
      period between congresses (1974-1979)].

PMID- 384393
TI  - [Rheography of the lungs in tuberculosis and other respiratory organ diseases (a
      review of the literature)].

PMID- 384394
TI  - [Diagnosis of drug allergy in the clinical picture of tuberculosis by an
      immunothermistographic method].

PMID- 384395
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of the cellular-humoral reaction of the blood in
      tuberculosis patients to specific allergen].

PMID- 384396
TI  - [In memoriam A. E. Rabukhin].

PMID- 384397
TI  - New studies on rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 384398
TI  - Renal transplantation.

PMID- 384399
TI  - Hepatic transplantation.

PMID- 384400
TI  - Excretion of creatine and creatinine in feces of man.

PMID- 384402
TI  - [Ermangald Blasius' tables of "Antidotarium Nicolai"].

PMID- 384401
TI  - Renal denervation eliminates the renal response to continuous positive-pressure
      ventilation.

PMID- 384403
TI  - [Pharmaceutical literature in German speaking Switzerland].

PMID- 384404
TI  - Therapeuti hospital formulary for a better use of drugs.

PMID- 384405
TI  - [50 years of penicillin].

PMID- 384406
TI  - The Great Cham as medical biographer.

PMID- 384407
TI  - "Alchemy of the word"--language and "the knife" a commentary on Richard Selzer's
      work.

PMID- 384408
TI  - John Z. Bowers, M.D.--in appreciation.

PMID- 384409
TI  - Pediatric past and future shock--fifty years in rural California.

PMID- 384410
TI  - John Hilton Knowles -- in memoriam.

PMID- 384411
TI  - Difficulties, disappointments, and delights in medicine.

PMID- 384412
TI  - [Compression method throughout the ages].
AB  - The compressive method was practiced instinctively in farthest antiquity. Its
      development in Western Europe over the past two centuries may be artificially
      divided into 3 phases. The first phase, which belongs to the prehistory of
      Phlebology, includes two notable facts: the start of ambulatory compression in
      London around 1800, and the interest that the French school immediately showed in
      this discovery. However, this measure was soon abandoned, since around 1880, in
      the Paris hospitals, ulcers of the leg were being treated by mercury plasters and
      rest in bed. The second phase--1900 to about 1950--is marked by the empirical
      development of the compressive method, mainly in chronic phlebopathies. The
      synergic effect of walking is definitively established; the treatment of deep-set
      phlebites by ambulatory compression is discovered by H. Fischer in Germany and
      then in France by L. Nard. Beginning in 1950, this empirical data is both spread
      by the new Phleboloby Societies, and submitted to rigorous scientific study.
      Clinicians (especially H. R. Van der Mollen), assisted by physicists,
      physiologists and biologists, establish the laws of "therapeutic counter
      pressure" and transpose them in the textile industry. New materials facilitate
      the use of elastic pressure. Underestimated or little known by most physicians,
      ambulatory elastocompression remains for Phlobologists a fundamental therapy. At
      a time when sedentary living and excess use of drugs are being widely denounced,
      it still has a promising future.

PMID- 384413
TI  - Role of dye molecules remaining outside the cell during photodynamic inactivation
      of Escherichia coli in the presence of acriflavine.

PMID- 384414
TI  - Action spectra for oxygen-dependent and independent inactivation of Escherichia
      coli WP2s from 254 to 460 nm.

PMID- 384416
TI  - Trimethoprim resistance plasmids of different origin encode different drug
      resistant dihydrofolate reductases.

PMID- 384415
TI  - The killer double-stranded RNA plasmids of yeast.

PMID- 384417
TI  - Chromosome transfer and Hfr formation by F in rec+ and recA strains of
      Escherichia coli K12.

PMID- 384419
TI  - Mapping of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase binding sites on 2-micrometers DNA
      from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Heterogeneity within the inverted duplication and
      evidence for an eukaryotic invertible DNA sequence.

PMID- 384418
TI  - Transcription and translation of R-plasmid 538-1 DNA: effects of mercury
      induction and analysis of polypeptides coded for by the r-determinant region.

PMID- 384420
TI  - Identification by deletion analysis of an inducible protein required for plasmid
      pSC101-mediated tetracycline resistance.

PMID- 384421
TI  - Incompatibility between Flac, R386, and F:pSC101 recombinant plasmids: the
      specificity of F incompatibility genes.

PMID- 384422
TI  - Characterization of the ColE1-Km plasmids pCR1 and pCR11 by electron microscope
      and restriction endonuclease mapping.

PMID- 384423
TI  - Nomenclature of transposable elements in prokaryotes.

PMID- 384424
TI  - Stable heterogeneity of mitochondrial DNA in grande and petite strains of S.
      cerevisiae.

PMID- 384425
TI  - Electron microscope heteroduplex studies of sequence relationships among plasmids
      of the W incompatibility group.

PMID- 384426
TI  - R-Plasmids in Pasteurella multocida.

PMID- 384427
TI  - In vivo cloning of DNA regions carrying mutations linked to selectable genes:
      application to mutations in the regulatory region of the Escherichia coli
      tryptophan operon.

PMID- 384428
TI  - Characterization of plasmids from Haemophilus parainfluenzae and Haemophilus
      haemolyticus.

PMID- 384429
TI  - Julius von Szymanowski (1829--1868). His life and contributions to plastic
      surgery.

PMID- 384430
TI  - Preoperative magnification angiography of donor and recipient sites for clinical
      free transfer of flaps or digits.
AB  - Based on the 14 free flap transfers we present with full survival, we recommend
      peroperative magnification angiography of both the recipient and donor sites. In
      our hands, this type of preoperative assessment seems to increase the margin of
      safety.

PMID- 384431
TI  - Use of a sliding flap from the abdomen to provide cover in breast
      reconstructions.
AB  - A method of breast reconstruction after mastectomy, using wide undermining of the
      chest and abdominal skin and advancement of the latter upward to create a pocket,
      is described. A double-lumen silicone prosthesis is inserted to create the mound,
      and various methods for nipple-areolar construction are described. The method has
      been in use for 20 years, and it has been quite satisfactory when the deficiency
      in the chest wall cover is not too large.

PMID- 384432
TI  - Leg repairs with an island flap from the dorsum of the foot, based on the
      anterior tibial vessels.
AB  - We report 20 chronic leg ulcers successfully treated by rotating an anterior
      tibial flap, which is a modification of the dorsalis pedis flap. The sizes of the
      flaps ranged from 6 x 6 cm up to 15 x 13 cm; the largest ones are not
      recommended, for fear of development of persistent lymphedema of the foot. These
      flaps are dissected upward through the leg and pedicled on the anterior tibial
      vessels, so they can be rotated to any site on the anterior, lateral, or medial
      side of the leg.

PMID- 384433
TI  - Rate of skin blood flow in various regions of the body.
AB  - Skin blood flow was measured by local clearance of 133Xe, and skin temperature
      was measured by medical thermography in various parts of the body. 1. A
      significant linear decrease in skin blood flow was observed with increasing age
      in the deltoid region. 2. The skin blood flow in the facial and pectoral areas
      was considerably higher than in the deltoid region. 3. The skin blood flow in the
      posterior cervical, lateral thoracic, lateral abdominal, and gluteal sites was
      less than in the deltoid region.

PMID- 384434
TI  - A transpositional skin flap for release of volar contractures of a finger at the
      MP joint.
AB  - We describe a finger flap which, in properly selected patients, and with careful
      planning of the incision design, has been useful for covering small defects over
      the volar aspects of the MP joint. The donor site can be closed without skin
      grafting.

PMID- 384435
TI  - Attempts to increase the surviving length in skin flaps by a moist environment.
AB  - A method of raising a random patterns flap on the back of a rat was used to study
      the relationship between the surviving length and distance of dye penetration. It
      was found that the intraoperative dye distance was an accurate predictor of
      survival length in the Control Group. The effects of dressing were evaluated
      against the controls. An apparently significant increase in the survival length
      (beyond the dye distance) was seen with the "tunnel procedure" we used. It is
      suggested that a moist environment will favor survival of that portion of a flap
      where necrosis is usually seen when no dressing is used.

PMID- 384436
TI  - Hypospadias repair with subcutaneous suture and tissue adhesive for surface
      closure.
AB  - A combination of a running P.G.A. subcutaneous suture, reinforced by butyl
      cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive for surface bonding of the skin, has enabled us to
      reduce our rate of fistula formation by about 50 percent in hypospdias repairs by
      the Denis Browne two-stage or the Horton-Devine one-stage procedure.

PMID- 384437
TI  - Prevention of necrosis in island myocutaneous flaps in the pig by treatment with
      isoxsuprine.
AB  - Experimental gracilis myocutaneous flaps were designed in the pig which
      consistently resulted in 81 cm2 of surviving tissue and 194 cm2 of necrotic
      tissue. When these same flaps were raised in animals treated for two weeks
      preoperatively and 6 days postoperatively with isoxsuprine, there was 100 percent
      survival in all (8) flaps.

PMID- 384438
TI  - Use of isoxsuprine to increase survival of skin flaps.

PMID- 384439
TI  - Value of angiography prior to use of the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap.

PMID- 384440
TI  - Repair of a lower leg defect with an ipsilateral gracilis myocutaneous flap.
AB  - We report the use of a gracilis myocutaneous flap from the same thigh to repair a
      defect of the lower leg. This could be a useful alternative in well selected
      cases.

PMID- 384441
TI  - Introduction to Jacques Lacan's lecture: the neurotics individual myth.

PMID- 384442
TI  - The neurotic's individual myth.

PMID- 384443
TI  - Helen Ross, 1890-1978.

PMID- 384444
TI  - Moral treatment reconsidered: some sociological comments on an episode in the
      history of British psychiatry.
AB  - A reappraisal is offered of the precise sense in which the introduction of moral
      treatment at the end of the eighteenth century marked a decisive shift in our
      characteristic ways of responding to and coping with the mentally disturbed. Some
      connections are explored between this new approach to the 'mad' and larger social
      movements and processes.

PMID- 384446
TI  - Reliability and validity of self-reported delinquency studies: a review.

PMID- 384445
TI  - Survival on home haemodialysis: its relationship with physical symptomatology,
      psychosocial background and psychiatric morbidity.
AB  - An entire group of 32 home dialysis patients from one hospital renal unit was
      assessed for psychiatric morbidity on a standardized interview of proven
      reliability. A rating of physical symptomatology and an enquiry into the
      childhood and psychosocial background were made at the same time. Psychiatric
      morbidity, physical symptomatology and a history of good relationships with both
      natural parents in childhood were inter-related. They were all related to
      survival on haemodialysis 3 1/2 years later. Survival was also associated with a
      coping spouse and full-time employment or housework by the patient. These
      findings are discussed in the light of current concepts of the psychosocial
      setting for physical illness.

PMID- 384447
TI  - Effects of relaxation therapy on cardiac performance and sympathetic activity in
      patients with organic heart disease.
AB  - Six patients, with surgically implanted tantalum myocardial markers, were trained
      in deep muscle relaxation therapy. Analysis of individual responses and group
      means of blood pressure and ventricular dimensions during relaxation showed a
      decrease in plasma norepinephrine levels and indices of myocardial contractility
      compared to the control state. Heart rate changes in individuals during
      relaxation were directly correlated with changes in plasma norepinephrine levels,
      although group means for heart rate did not change significantly between control
      and relaxation periods. Base-line plasma norepinephrine levels were directly
      correlated with systolic blood pressure and were inveresly correlated with a
      measure of myocardial contractility. These data suggest that physiological
      changes during relaxation may be mediated through the sympathetic nervous system.

PMID- 384448
TI  - Changing concepts in psychosomatic theory. I. Historical analysis.
AB  - Psychosomatic medicine has utilized static, linear, two-dimensional models in
      attempting to identify a causative relationship between psychosocially
      conceptualized events and biologically conceptualized ones. This has led to
      inherent difficulties that are logistically unresolvable. For example, the
      different language systems lend themselves to overlap with the possibility of
      addressing themselves to describing manifestations of the same phenomenon from
      dissimilar conceptual orientations. The problem is further complicated by
      attempting to link these together in a temporal sequence suggesting a causal
      relationship. We have ignored both feedback processes in terms of a sequential
      process modifying a preceding one and the possibility that a reverse order of
      relationships might explain some processes. In our quest for specificity, we have
      ignored that disease states are not static ones any more than is life but change
      over time, suggesting that alterations will occur in the original relationships
      proposed among our different systems of conceptualization. Among the remedies
      suggested for a reordering of our thinking are: (a) a revision of linear
      unidirectional causative models to cyclical bidirectional models; (b) a
      reformulation of two-dimensional temporal linear relationships toward three
      dimensional spherical ones which overlap in time; (c) the relating of these
      aspects not to each other but to a third factor, common to the three which
      remains to be identified; (d) the development of a language that bridges the
      psychological, social and biological.

PMID- 384449
TI  - Psychopathology and psychotherapy in chronic physically ill patients.
AB  - Within the scope of psychosomatic medicine somato-psychic diseases are of great
      importance theoretically as well as practically, especially in view of problems
      dealing with the patient's attitude toward his illness and his coping with the
      disease. Among the somato-psychic illnesses chronic physical diseases are of
      primary interest. The knowledge of their general and specific psychological and
      psychopathological symptoms are of great importance for a better understanding of
      these patients and in view of a favourable direction in therapy. This is
      demonstrated in the form of extracts with three groups of the chronic physically
      ill: (1) hemophiliacs; (2) patients on regular hemodialysis treatment and
      following renal transplantation, and (3) diabetics.

PMID- 384450
TI  - Psychosomatic medicine: some past and current concepts.
AB  - Recognition of the body-mind dilemma goes back to antiquity. Growth in medical
      knowledge has produced an ever increasing emphasis on physiological deviations
      and somatic pathology--which too often is not accompanied by sufficient attention
      to the total patients. Psychosomatics is now the term often used by those who
      believe that illness in man is not usually caused by a single etiological agent.
      The American Psychosomatic Society succeeded in correlating biological processes
      with psychodynamics. The Academy of Psychosomatic Medicine had its roots in the
      belief that psychosomatic medicine belonged to all of medicine. Its goals were to
      close the gap between medicine and psychiatry. The Japanese Psychosomatic Society
      chose the best of both in setting its goals. Dunbar's personality profiles and
      Alexander's concept of specific conflicts are reviewed. Depression is seen to be
      a common core. Further correlations between depression and psychosomatic illness
      are evidenced by the work of Greene, Schmale and Engel. The contributions of
      Nemiah and Sifneos are reviewed. Many psychosomatic patients are noted to be
      incapable of expressing adequate feelings, which may account for the frequent
      failure of classical psychoanalytic techniques. The history of research is also
      reviewed. The role of biochemistry, neurophysiology and psychopharmacology in the
      understanding and management of psychosomatic problems is examined.

PMID- 384451
TI  - Materialism and spiritualism: the dualistic way of Western thinking.
AB  - Ever since the beginning of Western philosophy in ancient Greece there have been
      two fundamental approaches to life in general: materialism and spiritualism. In
      the Renaissance this basic question came into discussion again. In the 19th
      century the real fight began. On the one hand we have had the materialistic
      'leftists', namely Marx, with the political consequence of the Russian
      revolution. On the other hand we had Kierkegaard, Bergson, etc. searching for the
      fundamental facts in human life, enabling us to survive in dignity. The moment
      has come, where we must see that human emotion is by far more important in the
      question of life and death, namely in psychosomatic illness, than all the riches
      of the world.

PMID- 384452
TI  - East and West.
AB  - Western psychotherapy is very rationalistic, and especially psychoanalysis
      regarding the suppression of desire as the cause of neurosis. On the contrary
      Japanese psychotherapy explains neurosis as the imbalance which is the weak point
      of human nature. I would like to compare Western and Eastern psychotherapeutic
      backgrounds.

PMID- 384453
TI  - Cancer of the floor of the mouth.

PMID- 384455
TI  - The Student National Dental Association: a clarification of its beginnings.

PMID- 384454
TI  - Effects of nutrition on the development of teeth and dental caries: a review.

PMID- 384456
TI  - Malignant transformation in vitro: criteria, biological markers, and application
      in environmental screening of carcinogens.

PMID- 384457
TI  - The effect of anesthetics on the radiosensitivity of a murine tumor.

PMID- 384458
TI  - The pericardium and cardiac function.

PMID- 384460
TI  - Excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac muscle.

PMID- 384459
TI  - Left main coronary artery stenosis: clinical spectrum, pathophysiology, and
      management.

PMID- 384462
TI  - [Effects of posterior sealing height on fixation of complete upper dentures].

PMID- 384463
TI  - [Use of composite materials in dental prosthetics (preliminary communication)].

PMID- 384461
TI  - Anatomical localization of phosphoprotein and glycoprotein substrates of memory.

PMID- 384464
TI  - [Direction determination of upper incisor incisive line and the line between the
      medial incisors in the natural dentition].

PMID- 384465
TI  - [Tooth selection criteria for complete dentures--personal investigation].

PMID- 384466
TI  - [Posterior border shaping of functional impressions of the edentulous maxilla in
      relation to the anatomo-functional state of the soft palate].

PMID- 384467
TI  - [Prosthetic aspects of intraosseous implants].

PMID- 384468
TI  - [Testing possibilities of preparing an esthetic fixed prothesis in the anterior
      segment using silated porcelain veneer].

PMID- 384469
TI  - [Terminology of dental prosthetics].

PMID- 384470
TI  - [Laboratory investigation methods used in the diagnosis of denture stomatitis
      complicated with Candida albicans infection].

PMID- 384471
TI  - [Prosthetic procedures preceding implantation surgery].

PMID- 384473
TI  - [In memoriam: Colonel Alfred Bielinski, M.D].

PMID- 384472
TI  - [Immunologic phenomena and serological diagnosis of trichomonas vaginitis].

PMID- 384474
TI  - [Robert Musil. The dilemma of a writer of the type "poeta doctus" according to
      Freud].

PMID- 384475
TI  - [Technical basis and some clinical trials of RIA-gnost T4 (PEG method) (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 384476
TI  - [Recent research into thermoluminescent dosimetry (author's transl)].

PMID- 384477
TI  - [Extramucosal bronchial closure in pulmonary resection for tuberculosis].

PMID- 384478
TI  - [Enteroplication in obstruction of the small intestine caused by adhesions.
      Modified Noble technic].

PMID- 384479
TI  - [Leopoldo Izquieta Perez, a many sided man].

PMID- 384481
TI  - [Comparative study of viable units of BCG vaccine].

PMID- 384480
TI  - [Yellow fever and its evaluation in Ecuador].

PMID- 384482
TI  - [Hydatidosis: human and medical exposition. 1st seminar on zoonosis].

PMID- 384483
TI  - [Effect on the administration of LHRH on LH and prolactin plasma levels in adult
      female rats ovariectomized and maintained in constant light (author's transl)].
AB  - The influence of prolonged periods of constant lighting on the plasma levels of
      LH and prolactin in adult female rats has been studied. No differences in either
      hormones are observed between intact animals under constant light of under a 12
      hr (controls) darkness schedule. After ovariectomy LH values increase on both
      experimental conditions, with higher levels in the control group (p less than
      0.01). After ovariectomy, a similar pattern is observed in animals under constant
      light, or under a 12 hr light darkness schedule, in the decrease of prolactin
      levels and in the increase of plasma LH levels after LHRH administration (100
      1,000 ng). The stress induced by experimental manipulation, ether anesthesia and
      saline injection elevates plasma prolactin in both groups. LHRH administration
      blocks this response.

PMID- 384484
TI  - [Behcet's disease].

PMID- 384486
TI  - [Hairy cell leukemia].

PMID- 384485
TI  - [Folate-binding proteins].

PMID- 384488
TI  - [Samaritan Hospital, Vevey: preface].

PMID- 384487
TI  - [Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) after endotoxin infusion into the
      common bile duct of rabbits (author's transl)].
AB  - Endotoxin from E. coli was infused into the distally ligated common bile duct of
      rabbits under the static pressure of 25 cm H2O. Fibrinogen, soluble fibrin
      monomer complexes, antithrombin III, leukocyte and platelet counts were estimated
      before, and 2, 4, and 6 h after endotoxin infusion. All parameters were found
      significantly changed 2 h after endotoxin infusion. While fibrinogen level, AT
      III, leukocyte and platelet counts decreased after the endotoxin infusion the
      amount of SFMC increased. The change of hematological parameters showed a pattern
      characteristic of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). In accordance
      with this microclots in the glomeruli of the kidneys could be demonstrated in all
      endotoxin-treated animals by pathological study. The findings suggest that by
      endotoxin infusion into the common bile duct, as a focal origin, DIC can be
      produced.

PMID- 384489
TI  - [Is the treatment of acute appendicitis in the field of internal medicine or
      surgery? Contribution to the history of medicine?].

PMID- 384490
TI  - [The appendectomy, a centenarian who still has progress to make].

PMID- 384491
TI  - [Modern ear surgery].

PMID- 384492
TI  - [Reflection upon some ORL cases treated with radiotherapy].

PMID- 384494
TI  - [Study of anti-Paracoccidioides brasiliensis IgM antibodies using
      immunofluorescence of the serum of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis].

PMID- 384493
TI  - [Phialophora bubakii. Isolation from a subcutaneous abscess in a kidney
      transplant patient].

PMID- 384495
TI  - [Recollections of clinical dentistry (23)].

PMID- 384496
TI  - [Occurrence of various strains of gram-negative bacteria: Yersinia, Klebsiella
      and Aeromonas and their role in the etiology of food poisoning].

PMID- 384497
TI  - [Comparison of the methods of detection of different types of Salmonella in dairy
      products].

PMID- 384498
TI  - [Psychosomatic concepts. Historical aspects. Theoretical trends].

PMID- 384499
TI  - Endogenous opiates and the digestive system.

PMID- 384500
TI  - Comparison of gastric secretory response in man to duodenal and jejunal liver
      extract perfusion.
AB  - The stomachs of six healthy volunteers were intubated with a Levine tube. In
      addition, a thin polyethylene tube was placed in the proximal jejunum or in the
      proximal duodenum. After a 1-h period with no perfusion the intestine was
      perfused for 2 h with 7% liver extract (LE) (pH 5.5; 380 MOsm/kg water) at a rate
      of 100 ml/h. In control tests 200 ml of 0.9% physiologic saline solution were
      used as perfusate. Reflux to the stomach was determined by addition of
      radioactive B12 to the perfusates. Plasma gastrin, gastric acid, and pepsin
      levels were measured in 15-min periods. During perfusion of the proximal jejunum
      only pepsin outputs were increased significantly. During duodenal perfusion of
      LE, gastric acid and pepsin outputs were increased to 31% and 73% of maximal
      pentagastrin stimulation, respectively. Controls showed no changes in gastric
      secretion. Plasma gastrin levels were not elevated after jejunal or duodenal
      perfusion. These results confirm that the intestinal phase of gastric secretory
      stimulation does exist in humans. Furthermore, it appears that the major portion
      of this stimulation originates from the duodenum and is not gastrin-dependent.

PMID- 384501
TI  - Peptidergic and adrenergic innervation of pancreatic ganglia.
AB  - Immunocytochemical studies have revealed the presence of nerves showing
      vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), substance P (SP), enkephalin, and COOH
      terminal gastrin/CCK immunoreactivity in the feline pancreas. Most peptide
      containing nerve fibers are detected in ganglia of the pancreas, where they
      appear to innervate the ganglionic cell bodies. Adrenergic nerve fibers are also
      detected in pancreatic ganglia. The peptidergic and adrenergic nerves are only
      occasionally detected in the vicinity of pancreatic exocrine cells. VIP, SP,
      enkephalin, and gastrin/CCK exert strong effects on the secretory functions of
      the pancreas. Our results suggest that that ganglia may represent an important
      physiological site of action for these peptides and for norepinephrine.

PMID- 384502
TI  - Substance P and enteroglucagon-like immunoreactivity in argentaffin and
      argyrophil midgut carcinoid tumours.
AB  - The presence of serotonin, substance P and enteroglucagon was investigated in 8
      argentaffin and argyrophil midgut carcinoid tumours. All tumours were argentaffin
      and displayed formalin-induced fluorescence indicating a content of serotonin. In
      addition, all 8 tumours showed substance P immunoreactivity and 7 of them
      enteroglucagon immunoreactivity. The results indicate that the midgut carcinoid
      tumours are as a rule multihormonal.

PMID- 384503
TI  - Spontaneous argyrophil cell carcinoid in the glandular stomach:
      immunohistochemical study of gastric endocrine cells in normal and tumour-bearing
      mastomys.
AB  - Endocrine tumours (argyrophil cell carcinoids) are frequent in the oxyntic mucosa
      of mastomys. The tumour is notable for its high histamine content and for its
      high histidine decarboxylase activity. The tumour is thought to arise from the
      histamine-storing, enterochromaffin-like cells of the oxyntic mucosa. They are of
      two ultrastructurally distinguishable types, ECL cells and A-like cells, both of
      which have been demonstrated in the tumour. Identical cells have been
      demonstrated in the oxyntic mucosa of the rat; there is much evidence that in
      this species the functional activity and the number of these cells are determined
      by the serum gastrin concentration. However, tumours have never been found to
      arise from these cells in the rat. As an initial step in an attempt to explain
      the formation of the gastric endocrine tumour in the mastomys we examined the
      distribution and frequency of occurrence of endocrine cells in the mastomys
      stomach. Gastrin cells in the antrum of mastomys seemed to occur in about the
      same frequency as in the antrum of rat and mouse. 5-HT-storing enterochromaffin
      cells, however, were considerably more numerous in the mastomys, whereas the
      somatostatin cells in the antrum were fewer. The number of enterochromaffin-like
      cells and somatostratin cells in the oxyntic mucosa of mastomys was much lower
      than in the rat and mouse. Once developed, the gastric endocrine tumour seems to
      reduce the antral gastrin cell number; the larger the tumour the greater the
      reduction.

PMID- 384504
TI  - Cardiac prostacyclin release: stimulation by hypoxia and various agents.

PMID- 384505
TI  - The possible relationship between alterations in platelet function, factor VIII,
      and the accelerated atherosclerosis seen in heart transplant patients.

PMID- 384506
TI  - Platelet and fibrinogen kinetic evaluation of thrombogenesis.

PMID- 384507
TI  - Heparin and it's clinical use.

PMID- 384508
TI  - The effects of anti-thrombotic therapy in renal disease.

PMID- 384510
TI  - The patterns of peripheral plasma renin concentration in the early post-renal
      transplant period.
AB  - Serial determinations of peripheral plasma renin concentration (PRC) were
      performed in 11 kidney transplant recipients during the early post-transplant
      period. In 5 recipients with late onset of graft function, PRC values were
      increased during the anuric phase and, subsequently, PRC values declined in every
      during restoration of graft function. In 4 recipients with an acute renal
      allograft reaction, PRC values were increased at the onset of the allograft
      reaction in 3 with hypertension whereas PRC values were normal in one
      normotensive recipient. Subsequently, PRC normalized in the hypertensives
      coincident with increasing body weights. In 2 recipients with an uncomplicated
      course and with a normal graft function immediately after transplantation and
      throughout the study period, PRC values were constantly normal. The results
      indicate that acute anuria in the early phase after kidney transplantation is
      associated with an increased release of renin. The results also suggest that an
      increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system may be counterbalanced by
      sodium and fluid retention in hypertension following an acute renal allograft
      reaction.

PMID- 384509
TI  - Continued experimental study on the pathogenesis of sporadic bacteriuria in the
      rat.
AB  - An experimental model implying ligature of the left ureter in the rat has
      previously (1977) been described by the author. The same model has been used in
      the experiments which are presented in this paper. The aim has been to study
      further the hematogenous seeding of bacteria to the hydronephrotic left kidney.
      The experiments seem to confirm the author's view that sporadic hematogenous
      infection with intestinal bacteria occasionally takes place and can be
      demonstrated by this method. Intravenous injection of E. coli showed that the
      minimal kidney infecting dose amounted to 0.5 ml E. coli 10(6) bacteria per ml.
      The author found considerable increase of sporadic infection after splenectomy
      and partial liver resection.

PMID- 384511
TI  - [Immunosuppression, bone marrow infusion and low dose androgens, successful
      therapy of severe aplastic anemia].
AB  - 18 patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) but without an HLA-identical
      sibling were treated by antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) followed by infusion of
      marrow cells from a semi-compatible family donor. 13 of these received low dose
      androgens after ALG: 11 (85%) achieved stable remission without transfusion
      requirement. One patient relapsed after 4 months, one patient with only partial
      remission died from infection. None of the 4 patients who did not receive
      androgens after ALG achieved remission. ALG, marrow and low-dose androgens
      represent a promising therapy for SAA and can be favorably compared with
      allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

PMID- 384512
TI  - [6 years of legally ordered abstinence from therapeutically utilized antibiotics
      as nutritional feed supplements in Switzerland antibiotics as nutritional feed
      supplements in Switzerland--random sampling of animal feces in various
      agricultural institutions].

PMID- 384513
TI  - [Evaluation of a new sampling technic for bacteriologic meat inspection].

PMID- 384514
TI  - Heterogeneity of vertebrate luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.
AB  - Radioimmunoassay and chromatography analyses of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LHRH) have demonstrated the presence of LHRH-like
      immunoreactive peptides in a wide range of vertebrates. Contrary to previous
      reports, the molecule differs in various vertebrates. Avian, reptilian, and
      teleostean LHRH's are chemically distinct from the mammalian peptide but are in
      themselves indistinguishable. However, amphibian LHRH appears to be identical to
      the mammalian peptide. These findings have interesting evolutionary implications.

PMID- 384515
TI  - Origin and dissemination of human urinary bladder carcinoma.

PMID- 384517
TI  - Surgical management of low stage bladder cancer.

PMID- 384516
TI  - Experimental chemotherapy of bladder cancer--systemic and intravesical.

PMID- 384518
TI  - The effect of crosslinking reagents on red-cell shape.

PMID- 384520
TI  - Granulocyte aggregation as a manifestation of membrane interactions with
      complement: possible role in leukocyte margination, microvascular occlusion, and
      endothelial damage.
AB  - Activation products of the terminal complement cascade potently affect
      granulocyte function, inducing, for example, their migration toward (chemotaxis),
      and adherence to (opsonization), microbes, and stimulating their production of
      microbicidal oxygen radicals such as superoxide anion, and the like. We present
      studies that demonstrate that a C5-derived peptide, probably C5a, is a potent
      promoter of granulocyte and monocyte adhesion to endothelium (margination) and,
      in addition, causes granulocyte autoaggregation in vitro and in vivo. Although
      possibly beneficial by producing phagocyte clumps to mechanically entrap unwanted
      microbes, such aggregates may be deleterious, particularly if sustained,
      especially in the lung.

PMID- 384521
TI  - Disorders of polymorphonuclear leukocyte function related to alterations in the
      integrated reactions of cytoplasmic constituents with the plasma membrane.

PMID- 384519
TI  - Interactions of complement with the red-cell membrane.
AB  - Interactions of the complement components with the red-cell membrane are, as
      delineated, many and complex. Much is known about the nature of the complement
      components that take part in these interactions, but relatively little is known
      about the membrane or the components of the membrane with which they interact.
      Such understanding will be essential if we are to be able to explain the great
      resistance to complement lysis shown by normal red cells or the abnormalities
      that result in increased or decreased interacition of complement with abnormal
      red cells.

PMID- 384523
TI  - Platelet-endothelial cell interactions.
AB  - We are in an era in which there has been a rapid accumulation of new information
      about the endothelium and the interactions of platelets with the vessel wall. The
      decade of the 70s could aptly be designated as the "prostaglandin and endothelium
      period." One can only speculate that the future will be equally interesting and
      challenging. It is quite possible that discoveries of congenital and acquired
      defects of the endothelium will parallel those already described for the platelet
      and coagulation factors. What is currently looked upon today as a baffling and
      frustrating case of resistant thrombosis by the clinician may be unraveled
      tomorrow by the talented and creative investigator who can develop better
      approaches to the study of the endothelium and platelet interactions with the
      vessel wall.

PMID- 384522
TI  - Red blood cell deformability and hemolytic anemias.

PMID- 384524
TI  - The role of platelet membrane lipids in platelet hemostatic activities.

PMID- 384525
TI  - The different glycoprotein abnormalities in thrombasthenic and Bernard-Soulier
      platelets.

PMID- 384526
TI  - Effects of diabetes mellitus on endocrinologic and metabolic adaptations of
      gestation.

PMID- 384527
TI  - Infant of a diabetic mother: energy imbalance between adipose tissue and liver.

PMID- 384529
TI  - Maladaptation to pregnancy.

PMID- 384528
TI  - Genetics of diabetes mellitus (DM) and anomalies in offspring of diabetic
      mothers.

PMID- 384530
TI  - The father's role in the family system.

PMID- 384531
TI  - Bonding and attachment: theoretical issues.

PMID- 384532
TI  - Behavioral competence of the newborn infant.

PMID- 384533
TI  - Stages of behavioral organization in the high-risk neonate: theoretical and
      clinical considerations.

PMID- 384534
TI  - [Streptococcus B neonatal infections].

PMID- 384535
TI  - [Throat culture].

PMID- 384536
TI  - [Blood culture].

PMID- 384537
TI  - Portrait of a physician (Rudolph H. Kampmeier)

PMID- 384538
TI  - Penetrating keratoplasty using McCarey-Kaufman preserved corneal tissue.
AB  - Two hundred consecutive penetrating keratoplasties, using suitable donor corneas
      stored in modified tissue culture medium (M-K medium), were performed by a single
      surgeon over a 21-month period. Two hundred consecutive cultures of the donor
      corneosclearl rims for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and fungi, done immediately
      after surgery, yielded 25 positive cultures for aerobic and anerobic bacteria and
      three for fungi. No clinical infections nor primary donor failures were
      encountered with patients after one to 21 months of follow-up. Preservation of
      excised corneas by trained technicians, under rigidly sterile, laminar-flow,
      tissue culture conditions appears to be a convenient, safe, and effective method
      of corneal preservation which permits elective keratoplasty.

PMID- 384539
TI  - Nutrition in pregnancy--1978.
AB  - Nutrition in pregnancy is receiving increased emphasis with the reports of
      adverse effects of alcohol, tobacco, and drugs on the outcome of pregnancy.
      Numerous articles concerning nutrition in pregnancy have appeared in the lay
      press. Almost daily a new method of weight reduction appears as a panacea for a
      weight conscious public. Both the woman and her physician may be confused, since
      during the last 40 years women have been starved, told to eat no meat, to eat red
      meat, or to eat ad lib because there should be no limit on weight gain during
      pregnancy. Can the practitioner with little formal education in nutrition
      identify the woman likely to be nutritionally at risk? If identified what should
      they be counseled regarding weight gain in pregnancy? Reasons for the changes in
      attitude about nutrition in pregnancy are reviewed herein, and methods of
      identifying the woman nutritionally at risk are presented. The importance of
      grouping women into underweight, normal weight, and overweight categories and of
      making individualized weight gain recommendations are discussed.

PMID- 384540
TI  - Eponym: John Abernethy: fame forgotten.

PMID- 384542
TI  - G. Baker Hubbard, Sr., MD. Incoming president of SMA.

PMID- 384541
TI  - George Dock, MD.

PMID- 384543
TI  - The effect of prednisolone on red cell survival in patients with falciparum
      malaria.
AB  - Radioisotope red-cell survival studies were carried out in 20 patients with
      falciparum malaria following quinine therapy. The mean parasite clearance time of
      the patients receiving quinine sulfate was 49 hours and those of the patients
      receiving quinine sulfate and prednisolone was 46 hours. The red-cell survival
      was correlated with the initial hematocrit level in both groups but the daily
      dose of 40 mg prednisolone did not mitigate the red cell survival.

PMID- 384544
TI  - Treatment of falciparum malaria in Thai children.

PMID- 384545
TI  - In vivo and in vitro studies of quinine sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in
      Thailand.
AB  - Forty-four patients with falciparum malaria were studied. Nine patients were
      given quinine orally at a daily dose of 1.5 gm base for a period of 14 days. The
      mean parasite clearance in all 9 patients was 3.3 days, and none had
      recrudescence in follow-up examinations for 31 days. The in vivo study of these 9
      patients showed sensitivity to quinine which correlated with the in vitro test,
      with concentration of quinine base 2.5-5.8 microgram/ml of blood that inhibited
      the maturation of Plasmodium falciparum parasites. The results of the in vitro
      test of 35 patients showed concentrations of quinine base 2.1-5.4 microgram/ml of
      blood were able to inhibit the maturation of P. falciparum parasites. Therefore,
      these studies indicate that Plasmodium falciparum are still sensitive to quinine
      and quinine remains to be the drug of choice for the treatment of falciparum
      malaria in Thailand.

PMID- 384546
TI  - Clinical profile of diarrhoea at Ramathibodi Hospital during 1977.
AB  - Restrospective clinical profile of diarrhoeal disease in children admitted to the
      Pediatric Department, Ramathibodi Hospital during January to December 1977 was
      studied. A total of 144 medical records (55.6%) could be analysed; Rectal swab
      culture yielded enteropathogenic organisms in 47.2% of the cases consisting of
      26.3% Salmonella, 16.0% sero typing positive E. coli and 3.5% Shigella. Clinical
      presentation of each group was presented which with the exception of neurological
      symptoms was in concordant with previous observations of several authors.
      Convulsion was more frequent in the Salmonella group, although dehydration and
      frebuency of stools were less severe. These cases seem to be highly infectious
      and tend to be more chronic with recurrences. It could be seen in all age group.
      Shigella was seen in infants 6 months old and older. Isolation of Rota-virus was
      not done, in none specific diarrhoeal groups (52.8%) many of which might have
      been due to Rota-virus. White blood count and differential count were of little
      value in differential diagnosis of the aetiology. Stool examination was helpful
      especially in Shigellosis and E. coli but there were no characteristic findings
      in Salmonella and non-specific groups. The overall mortality rate was 4.1%.

PMID- 384547
TI  - [Method of creating an automated system for preventive examinations of workers at
      industrial enterprises].

PMID- 384548
TI  - [First international public health organization].

PMID- 384549
TI  - [Medical services to the workers of St. Petersburg in 1882--1886 (according to
      materials of an industrial commission)].

PMID- 384551
TI  - [N. I. Pirogov at the Dorpat Professorial Institute].

PMID- 384550
TI  - [History of the Elizavetgrad School of Medicine and Surgery].

PMID- 384552
TI  - [Outstanding Russian Naval physician, microbiologist, epidemiologist and public
      health organizer].

PMID- 384553
TI  - [Moisei Markovich Levit].

PMID- 384554
TI  - [History of the organization and development of the journal "Vrachebnoe Delo"].

PMID- 384555
TI  - [The 1st Yakut physician, P.N. Sokol'nikov].

PMID- 384556
TI  - [L.F. Zmeev--outstanding Russian medical historian and bibliographer].

PMID- 384557
TI  - [Antibiotic products of Staphylococcus pyogenes. II. Possibilities of
      staphylococcus typing using bacteriocin].

PMID- 384558
TI  - [Supply of rabies vaccine in Serbia during the occupation of 1941-1945].

PMID- 384559
TI  - [Foreign bodies in the brain].

PMID- 384560
TI  - [Surgical treatment of pain and spasticity using spinal stereotaxic technic].

PMID- 384561
TI  - [Ablation of nerve structures with the aid of spreading depression in
      neurosurgical operations].

PMID- 384562
TI  - The origin of the H.F. Verwoerd Hospital.

PMID- 384563
TI  - Polyhydramnios associated with congenital pancreatic cysts and asphyxiating
      thoracic dysplasia. A case report.
AB  - The antenatal ultrasonic detection of congenital pancreatic cysts is described in
      a case of polyhydramnios associated with fetal asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia.
      The formation of polyhydramnios is discussed.

PMID- 384564
TI  - Constant positive airway pressure.

PMID- 384565
TI  - Global and regional assessment of cardiac performance by ECG-gated radionuclide
      blood pool imaging.
AB  - A non-invasive method for evaluation of regional and global ventricular function
      by ECG-gated radionuclide blood pool imaging was developed. Cinematic image
      display is a sensitive method for evaluating wall motion to detect regional
      ventricular abnormalities and chamber size. A value of r = 0,86 and 0,85 was
      found for both fixed and variable area radionuclide methods when these ejection
      fraction values were correlated with cardio-angiographic ejection fraction values
      in normal subjects and in patients with myocardial infarction. The fixed area
      method underestimated the ejection fraction in patients with mitra valve
      stenosis, but this problem can be overcome with the variable area method. The
      technique developed cannot be used in patients with severe arrhythmias (r = 0,49
      and 0,44).

PMID- 384566
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of theophylline.

PMID- 384567
TI  - Isolation of UV-sensitive variants of human FL cells by a viral suicide method.
AB  - A new method (viral suicide method) for the isolation of UV-sensitive mutants is
      described. Colonies of mutagenized human FL cells were infected with UV
      irradiated Herpes simplex viruses and surviving ones which seemed to be deficient
      in host cell reactivation (HCR) were examined for their UV sensitivity. Nineteen
      of 238 clones examined were sensitive to UV irradiation at the time of the
      isolation. After recloning, four of these clones have been studied and two (UVS-1
      and UVS-2) of them are stable in their UV sensitivity for 4 months in culture. UV
      sensitivity of UVS-1, UVS-2, and the parental FL cells are as follows: the
      extrapolation numbers (n) are 2.2, 2.1, and 1.8 and mean lethal doses (D0) are
      2.9, 3.7, and 7.8 J/m2 for UVS-1, UVS-2, and the parental FL cells, respectively-
      They are no more sensitive than FL cells to X-irradiation. The ability of HCR in
      UVS-2 cells is apparently lower than that in FL cells, whereas UVS-1 cells are
      the same as FL cells in the ability.

PMID- 384568
TI  - A simple method for decreasing the toxicity of polyethylene glycol in mammalian
      cell hybridization.
AB  - The yield of hybrid colonies after fusion of mammalian cells with polyethylene
      glycol (PEG) is increased if the cells are fused in Ca2+-free medium, and kept in
      Ca2+-free medium for at least 15 min after fusion. The protective effect of Ca2+
      free medium is much more obvious when Baker PEG is used than when fusion is
      carried out with Koch-Light PEG. The increased yield of hybrid colonies is shown
      to be due to a reduced toxicity rather than to an increased efficiency of cell
      fusion. These improvements have been found to apply to a variety of cell lines,
      and also when cell fusion is carried out in suspension. This technique should be
      particularly useful in studies on mammalian cell hybridization using cell lines
      that are particularly sensitive to the toxic effect of PEG.

PMID- 384569
TI  - Pedro Almeida Lima.

PMID- 384571
TI  - Major reviews, Ophthalmology. Chronological list 1968-1979.

PMID- 384570
TI  - Precocious puberty due to a hypothalamic hamartoma.
AB  - A case of precocious puberty due to a hypothalamic hamartoma is presented.
      Concentrations of plasma LH and FSH, testosterone and its derivatives were found
      to be elevated. Circadian rhythms of LH were also observed. After removal of the
      mass, plasma LH and FHS concentrations declined to nearly half the preoperative
      levels.

PMID- 384572
TI  - Clinical specular microscopy.
AB  - Clinical specular microscopy (CSM) has recently been introduced as a means of
      qualitative and quantitative examination of the human corneal endothelium at high
      magnification. With the aid of CSM, a decline in endothelial cell density with
      age has been documented and several endothelial abnormalities from disease or
      trauma can be detected. Donor material for corneal grafting can be examined by
      CSM and keratoplasty procedures can be designed to decrease endothelial damage.
      Cataract surgical procedures can cause endothelial cell loss. According to most
      studies, intracapsular extraction causes less cell loss than does
      phacoemulsification, and cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL)
      insertion causes the greatest loss. Cell loss from IOL can be minimized by
      decreasing lens-corneal contact. Elevated intraocular pressure may lead to
      endothelial cell loss, as may therapy with epinephrine. Endothelial toxicity of
      other drugs and solutions can be studied by CSM. While long term studies are
      necessary to correlate the morphologic changes detected by CSM with future
      endothelial function, shortterm studies can be helpful in developing medical and
      surgical techniques that minimize corneal endothelial trauma.

PMID- 384573
TI  - Resistance to infection of the external eye: the role of tears.
AB  - The external eye is continuously exposed to an environment containing potentially
      pathogenic microorganisms. One of the mechanisms which protects the eye from
      infection is the tear layer. We review the current knowledge of those
      antimicrobial substances known to be present in tears and the role they might
      play in preventing infection. These substances include lysozyme, lactoferrin,
      beta-lysin, and the antibody-complement system of proteins.

PMID- 384575
TI  - Cimetidine for kidney transplantation: experimental observations.
AB  - H2-histamine receptor antagonists may augment delayed hypersensitivity. The
      effect of cimetidine, a H2-histamine receptor antagonist, was assessed in renal
      allografts in dogs. The animals in the control group (I) (n = 5) received a renal
      transplant and moderate immunosuppression with azathioprine and prednisone. The
      dogs in the experimental group (II) (n = 8) were given cimetidine in two doses
      (300/150 mg, twice daily). Group III (n = 4) dogs were not operated upon and
      received all drugs in full dosage in order to test any direct toxic effect on
      normal kidneys. Biweekly gastric analysis, hemoglobin, white blood count, and
      daily serum creatinine were monitored. The dogs in group II that received the
      higher dose of cimetidine rejected the transplant earlier (mean survival, 20.4
      days) than the dogs in the control group (mean survival, 37.8 days). No direct
      toxic effect from the drug was demonstrated in the control nontransplanted group.
      Cimetidine in high doses suppressed both basal and host stimulation secretion of
      gastric acid. In summary, the finding of increased rejection episodes and
      diminished survival after kidney transplantation in moderately immunosuppressed
      dogs that received cimetidine indicates that the use of this drug in
      transplantation is probably not safe until more is known about the immunological
      mechanisms involved in this situation.

PMID- 384574
TI  - Results of a prospective randomized study of hepatic artery infusion with 5
      fluorouracil versus intravenous 5-fluorouracil in patients with hepatic
      metastases from colorectal cancer: A Central Oncology Group study.
AB  - In a controlled, prospectively randomized trial, 74 patients with hepatic
      metastases from colorectal cancer were randomized to either intra-arterial
      hepatic artery infusion with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or systemic chemotherapy with
      5-FU. In 61 acceptable patients, there was no significant difference in terms of
      response rate, time to progression, duration of the response, and survival rate.
      Though the response rate for the intra-arterial infusion arm was slightly higher
      than for the systemic arm, the difference was not significant, and the intra
      arterial infusion arm was associated with a greater incidence of nausea,
      vomiting, diarrhea, in addition to complications of femoral-arterial thrombosis,
      bleeding, and infection at the catheter site not seen in patients treated by
      systemic chemotherapy. Patients with an objective response to chemotherapy on
      either treatment arm survived twice as long as the nonresponders. Long-term
      survival in one patient, 77 months, can occasionally be achieved in patients with
      hepatic metastases.

PMID- 384576
TI  - Norman R. Barrett, CBE, MA, MChir, FRCS.

PMID- 384577
TI  - Clinical diagnosis of byssinosis.

PMID- 384578
TI  - Study of immunoglobulins in pleura and pleural effusions.
AB  - The protein concentration of 35 pleural effusions was compared with that in the
      serum. The ratio of the pleural and serum concentration of albumin, IgG, IgA, and
      IgM is always below unity and appears to have no diagnostic value. However, the
      ratio of the concentration of these proteins was inversely related to their
      molecular weight. The underlying mechanism in malignant and inflammatory
      effusions appear similar and is in keeping with a diffusion process.
      Immunofluorescent staining of the pleura suggests the intercellular passage of
      the proteins through the mesothelial barrier.

PMID- 384580
TI  - The logistic problems encountered in the multicenter trial of low-dose heparin
      prophylaxis.

PMID- 384581
TI  - The qualification and disqualification of patients and events in long-term
      cardiovascular clinical trials.

PMID- 384579
TI  - [Drugs with a direct or indirect effect on blood viscosity. Methods of study and
      classification].

PMID- 384582
TI  - Controlled trial of aspirin in cerebral ischemia (AITIA study).

PMID- 384583
TI  - Armand J. Quick, 1894-1978.

PMID- 384584
TI  - Preoperative prediction of postoperative deep vein thrombosis.

PMID- 384585
TI  - Benjamin Alexander, M.D. 1909-1978.

PMID- 384586
TI  - A tribute to Kenneth M. Brinkhous, M.D.

PMID- 384587
TI  - Definition of high risk/high response population for stroke in patients with
      transient ischemic attacks.

PMID- 384588
TI  - Which patients with coronary artery disease are most prone to develop a coronary
      artery event (presumably thrombosis)?

PMID- 384589
TI  - South Wales multicenter trial of prophylactic Dextran 70 after surgery: a
      clinically oriented randomized double-blind trial. Further observations.

PMID- 384590
TI  - Shape and structure of fibrinogen. First Martinsried Workshop on Fibrinogen. Pehr
      Edman in memoriam.

PMID- 384591
TI  - Human blood platelet factor VIII-related antigen : demonstration of release by
      alpha-chymotrypsin.

PMID- 384592
TI  - Characterization of amebocyte coagulogen from the horseshoe crab (Limulus
      polyhemus).

PMID- 384593
TI  - Use of a radioimmunoassay to study thrombin-induced release of PGI2 from cultured
      endothelium.

PMID- 384594
TI  - Increased prostacyclin-like activity in vascular tissues from rats on long-term
      treatment with an oestrogen-progestagen combination.

PMID- 384595
TI  - Arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation independent of ADP-release in a
      patient with a bleeding disorder due to platelet storage pool disease.

PMID- 384596
TI  - Antithrombin III in fresh and cultured human endothelial cells: a natural
      anticoagulant from the vascular endothelium.

PMID- 384598
TI  - Prostaglandins I2 and E1 reduce rabbit and human platelet adherence without
      inhibiting serotonin release from adherent platelets.

PMID- 384597
TI  - The simultaneous effect of albumin bound fatty acids on platelets and endothelial
      cells.

PMID- 384599
TI  - [Bovine tuberculosis in a cat (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinical, radiographical and bacteriological findings in a Siamese cat with
      bovine tuberculosis, are reported. In addition, the various forms of feline
      tuberculosis as well as the diagnostic procedures are reviewed.

PMID- 384601
TI  - Aminoglycoside antibiotics. Chemistry, biochemistry, structure-activity
      relationships.

PMID- 384600
TI  - Gastric secretory capactiy in cases of post-bulbar ulcer of the duodenum.

PMID- 384602
TI  - Cytochrome P450 and biological hydroxylation reactions.

PMID- 384603
TI  - Hospital rate-regulation programs and proposals: a survey and analysis.

PMID- 384606
TI  - [Method of preparing plastic crowns using standard teeth].

PMID- 384605
TI  - [Possibilities of improving the abutment of an artificial crown to the dental
      neck].

PMID- 384604
TI  - Prospective rate setting in Massachusetts.

PMID- 384608
TI  - [Prosthesis characteristics after the closure of palatal defects with a Filatov
      pedicle flap].

PMID- 384607
TI  - [Method of creating retention points in preparing plastic-faced stamped crowns].

PMID- 384609
TI  - [Rheospirographic method of measuring external respiratory parameters in
      stomatological patients].

PMID- 384610
TI  - [Vadim Nikolaevich Kopeikin (on his 50th birthday)].

PMID- 384611
TI  - [Viktor Andrianovich Kiselev (on his 50th birthday)].

PMID- 384612
TI  - A sensitive and specific enzymeimmunoassay for serum testosterone.
AB  - A very sensitive enzymeimmunoassay for testosterone was developed using
      testosterone-penicillinase conjugate and an antibody to testosterone-3-(O
      carboxymethyl)oxime-bovine serum albumin. The specificity of the assay was
      demonstrated by the fact that estradiol-17 beta, estrone, estriol, progesterone,
      17 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, cortisol
      and cortisone were ineffective in crossreacting with testosterone while
      dihydrotestosterone was 8 times less crossreactive as compared to testosterone.
      The minimum detectable amount of testosterone was 10-15 pg per assay tube. Intra
      assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation for samples containing 0.3-6ng/ml
      of testosterone were 6-8% and 8-10%, respectively. A high degree of correlation
      (r = 0.97) was observed between serum testosterone values obtained by
      enzymeimmunoassay and radioimmunoassay. The levels of testosterone in the sera of
      normal men and women and those in hypogonadal males following stimulation with
      human chorionic gonadotropin determined by this enzymeimmunoassay appear similar
      to those reported by other investigators.

PMID- 384613
TI  - [Criteria for determination of the periodontal value in secondary displacement of
      teeth in the partially edentulous mouth--a study of 3000 cases].
AB  - On the basis of findings in more than 3,000 individuals, the author indicates
      signs of periodontal resistance and insufficiency in case of partial
      edentulousness which may assist in rendering finding-oriented, rehabilitation
      minded, prosthetic care.

PMID- 384614
TI  - [Stillman's cleft caused by traumatic occlusion. The interesting case].

PMID- 384615
TI  - [Improvement of therapeutic results with cast partial prostheses].
AB  - The requirements for a cast partial denture with a serviceability of many years
      (6-8 years) are: finding-oriented therapy, exact preparation of the remaining
      teeth, periodontal-prophylactic shaping of the base and appropriate after-care.
      The different criteria are presented.

PMID- 384616
TI  - Reverend Jones on suicide.

PMID- 384617
TI  - An inquiry into the psychological dimensions of cult suicide.

PMID- 384618
TI  - Reticuloendothelial function in human renal allograft recipients.
AB  - The phagocytic and metabolic functions of the reticuloendothelial system (RES)
      were determined, by measuring the plasma clearance rate of 125I-labelled
      microaggregated human serum albumin and the increase in plasma metabolites of
      this test substance, in patients with chronic renal failure and in renal
      transplant recipients at different times after transplantation. All transplant
      recipients received triple immunosuppressive therapy consisting of azathioprine,
      corticosteroids, and antilymphocyte globulin. The intravascular clearance of
      microaggregated albumin was significantly depressed in patients when tested at 1
      to 12 days (P less than 0.001), 1 to 4 months (P less than 0.02), and 6 to 9
      months (P less than 0.001) after transplantation compared to pretransplantation.
      The 1- to 3-year transplant survivors had a normal RES phagocytosis. Furthermore,
      the metabolic RES function in all groups of transplant recipients except the
      group of patients tested at 1 to 4 months after transplantation was significantly
      impaired compared to pretransplantation. Administration of antilymphocyte
      globulin and extremely high daily doses of steroids were probably responsible for
      the significant depression in the RES functions recorded immediately post
      transplantation. The further development of the phagocytic ability of the RES was
      shown to be correlated to the cumulative dose of steroids given over the last 12
      months. The azathioprine regime seemed to have no influence on the RES functions.

PMID- 384619
TI  - Macrophage electrophoretic mobility test as sensitive probe of transplantation
      immunity in mice.
AB  - Transplantation immunity was examined in mouse H-2- and non-H-2-disparate strain
      combinations by the macrophage electrophoretic mobility (MEM) assay. Lymph node
      cells from the recipients rejecting histoincompatible skin grafts were incubated
      in the presence of solubilized histocompatibility antigens prepared from spleens
      of the grafts donors. Product(s) of lymphocyte-antigen interaction in appropriate
      combinations (sensitized lymphocytes with the sensitizing antigen) significantly
      diminished the electrophoretic mobility of guinea pig macrophages in all of the
      histoincompatible strain combinations examined. The data indicate that
      transplantation immunity in mice can be detected by the MEM assay.

PMID- 384620
TI  - The immediately vascularized skin allograft.
AB  - A model for immediate vascularization of skin was devised to examine one of the
      possible explanations for the differential survival rates of transplants of
      freely grafted skin and organs, i.e., the increased vulnerability of skin to
      early ischemic necrosis prior to revascularization. Female Fischer (F) rat skin
      was transplanted beneath the kidney capsule of tolerant female Lewis (LEW)
      recipients. This skin healed in and initially appeared to be normal grossly and
      microscopically. In 27 rats, after 30 days, the composite grafts were excised,
      and immediately transplanted by means of vascular anastomosis into normal LEW
      recipients (syngeneic to the kidney portion of the graft and allogeneic to the
      skin). For 5 days after transplantation of the composite graft, the skin appeared
      to be normal with minimal or no inflammation in a panel of 11 recipients. From
      the 6th to 11th day, an active rejection reaction developed at the skin-kidney
      interface in a panel of six rats. In 10 rats, in which the composite grafts
      remained in their secondary hosts for 12 to 21 days, rejection of the skin was
      complete. The renal portion of all composite grafts appeared to be normal
      histologically. All recipients of composite grafts rejected subsequent orthotopic
      F skin grafts in an accelerated manner, with median survival times of 8.2 +/- 0.3
      days compared to 11.5 +/- 0.7 days in untreated F leads to LEW controls,
      demonstrating that the skin on the composite graft was fully immunogenic. These
      results demonstrate that immediately vascularized skin allografts between rats
      compatible at the major Ag-B1 locus will still be rejected within 2 weeks
      compared to survivals of up to 48 weeks in renal allografts in the same
      histocompatibility combinations, suggesting that anatomical factors are not
      sufficient to account for the differences in survival times between skin and
      solid organs.

PMID- 384621
TI  - Allogeneic red blood cells fail to induce haemagglutinating antibodies or
      cellular alloimmunity in rats and are immunosuppressive.
AB  - Purified rat red blood cells, which express the A region antigens of the major
      histocompatibility complex (MHC) with which anti-RT-1 (H-1; Ag-B) haemagglutinins
      combine, fail to stimulate the production of either haemagglutinating antibodies
      or cellular immunity in allogeneic hosts. Allogeneic red blood cells may in
      appropriate circumstances be mildly immunosuppressive. Intraperitoneally injected
      allogeneic red blood cells persist in the host circulation for several weeks. The
      immune response to skin allografts does not accelerate the destruction of
      circulating donor strain red blood cells, although the administration of
      alloantiserum with a high haemagglutinin titre can do so. The manner in which
      allogeneic red blood cells effect immunosuppression is unknown. Approximately 75%
      of the red blood cells administered i.v. to nonimmune allogeneic hosts are
      destroyed, by mechanisms unknown, during the first 6 days after injection. By
      contrast, about one-half of this number of red blood cells are destroyed by
      syngeneic hosts during the same period. Red blood cells and platelets in rodents
      are probably similar in expressing A region (rats) or K-D region (mice) antigens
      of the MHC, in being nonimmunogenic by themselves and in their capacity for
      effecting limited immunosuppression. If human platelets have similar attributes,
      the administration of platelets bearing the appropriate HLA-A, B, and C antigens
      might be a useful adjunct to conventional immunosuppression in the management of
      allografts in man. Likewise, the platelet component of blood transfusions might
      account for their beneficial effect in some renal allograft recipients.

PMID- 384623
TI  - Chicken anti-rat lymphocyte globulin: dose response study and determination of
      strain-specific alloantibody.
AB  - Chicken anti-rat lymphocyte globulin (CARLG) is a new and uniquely specific
      immunosuppressant for which the mechanisms of immunosuppressive action are not
      yet known. This study defines its in vivo therapeutic dose range and in vitro
      allospecificity. A dose response study, using CARLG or normal chicken globulin
      (NCG), as the sole immunosuppressant, was conducted in Lewis (Ag-B1) recipients
      of Buffalo (Ag-B6) rat cardiac allografts. Groups of Lewis recipients were
      treated with 175 mg of NCG per kg or 30, 100, 175, or 300 mg of CARLG per kg for
      the first 8 post-transplant days. Doses of 175 and 300 mg of CARLG per kg
      resulted in significantly longer (P less than 0.01) prolongation of graft
      survival than doses of 30 and 100 mg of CARLG per kg, which were not
      significantly different (P less than 0.05) in their ability to prolong graft
      survival than a dose of 175 mg of NCG per kg. In vitro and in vivo absorption
      studies revealed that CARLG does not contain strain-specific alloantibody. When
      Lewis lymphoid cells were used to absorb, in vitro, a batch of CARLG produced
      with Brown Norway (Ag-B3) lymphoid cells as immunogen, all antibody activity
      toward Brown Norway cells as quantitated by a two-stage lymphocytotoxicity assay
      was completely removed. In another experiment, a preparation of CARLG, produced
      using Buffalo lymphoid cells as immunogen, underwent in vivo absorption as a
      result of i.v. injection into Lewis rats. Serum levels of CARLG-binding activity
      to Lewis or Buffalo lymphoid cells were quantitated in vitro at intervals after
      injection by an isotopic antiglobulin assay. Lewis rat tissues were able to
      remove completely serum CARLG-binding activity toward Buffalo antigens. A
      mechanism of action for CARLG derived from these observations is proposed and
      discussed.

PMID- 384622
TI  - Bone marrow transplantation using typing for glyoxalase I as a tool in
      histocompatibility testing.

PMID- 384624
TI  - Fetal bone grafts do not elicit allograft rejection because of protecting anti-Ia
      alloantibodies. Implications to the immune survival of fetuses in allogeneic
      mothers.
AB  - In a previous study we showed that allografts of BN fetal bone, unlike allografts
      of adult bone, are not rejected by allogeneic recipients of the Lewis strain in
      spite of the existence of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) incompatibility
      between donors and hosts. In the present study, we analyzed the relationships
      existing between the host and fetal tissue that determine graft survival. We
      found that (1) the fetal BN graft, unlike adult grafts, induces in Lewis
      recipients a vigorous humoral response consisting mainly in the production of IgG
      antibody that seems to be directed against antigens of Ia-like specificities. (2)
      The BN rats are genetically defective in their capacity to respond to
      determinants and thus are not capable of producing anti-Ia antibodies; in
      accordance, Lewis fetal bone grafts are rejected by the BN recipients. (3)
      Chondrocytes isolated from fetal mouse bones do express Ia antigenic
      determinants. We suggest that the survival of an allogeneic fetal graft in an
      immunologically intact recipient depends on an active and selective immune
      response directed against the Ia components associated with the MHC on the
      embryonic and fetal cells. On the basis of these notions, we propose that the
      capacity of Ia determinants expressed on cells of the embryo, to elicit anti-Ia
      and IgG alloantibodies in the pregnant mother, determines the capacity of the
      embryo to escape rejection by the histoincompatible mother.

PMID- 384625
TI  - Bone marrow transplantation for aplastic anaemia and leukaemia.

PMID- 384626
TI  - Neonatal septicaemia in Benin City, Nigeria. A review of 74 cases.
AB  - Seventy four cases of neonatal septicaemia seen at the University of Benin
      Teaching Hospital (UBTH) over a 3-year period were analysed. The incidence was
      6.1 per 1,000 live births. Fifty five percent of the infants were low birth
      weight. The predisposing perinatal problems were asphyxia, prolonged rupture of
      membrane and peripartum maternal fever. E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus were
      the most important aetiologic pathogens; both of which were associated with a
      high mortality rate. The overall mortality rate was 41.5%. On the basis of the
      organisms isolated and their sensitivity patterns, it is suggested that the
      initial treatment for neonatal septicaemia should include cloxacillin and
      gentamycin.

PMID- 384627
TI  - Studies on bancroftian filariasis in Liberia, West Africa. II. Changes in
      microfilaraemia in a rural population some years after first examination.
AB  - The population of eleven villages in the savanna area in Upper Lofa in the
      hinterland of Liberia was investigated in 1973 and 1976/77 for infections with
      microfilariae of Wucheria bancrofti. From a total of 1255 persons examined in
      1973 16,3% were microfilaria carriers and in 1976/77 17,9% out of 1356
      inhabitants were microfilaria positive. To obtain informations on the change of
      microfilaraemia in individuals, emphasis was laid in 1976/77 on the
      identification of those persons, who had been examined already in 1973. From 477
      persons examined in both surveys 78 proved to be infected with microfilariae and
      348 were microfilaria negative in both examinations. 35 inhabitants were
      microfilaria positive only in 1976/77 and 18 persons showed microfilariae in the
      blood samples only in 1973. The median density of microfilariae of the
      microfilaria carriers examined in 1973 and 1976/77 increased little but
      statistically significantly within a period of about three years.

PMID- 384628
TI  - The serodiagnosis of chronic fascioliasis (Fasciola gigantica) using a
      fluorescent-antibody technique with single and multiple whole-fluke antigens.
AB  - Sera from cattle with single or mixed infections of Fasciola gigantica.
      Dicrocoelium hospes, Schistosoma bovis and paramphistomes were examined for
      fluorescent antibodies. Cross-reacting antibodies of the heterologous flukes were
      easily detected by using cryostat sections with whole-fluke-antigen of all three
      flukes. The presence of F. gigantica antibodies in a cattle herd was tested at
      two monthly intervals in order to establish the occurrence of chronic
      fascioliasis. The lack of significant differences in antibody levels of infected,
      treated and uninfected cattle however showed that herd antibody levels are not
      very useful to detect chronic Fasciola infections.

PMID- 384629
TI  - [Malaria plasmodia in the mouse. Parasitization of mature and immature
      erythrocytes by Plasmodium berghei, Plasmodium yoelii and Plasmodium chabaudi
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Plasmodium berghei parasites (strain K173) in mice with developing immunity
      changed to a variant type with increased resistance against antibodies and
      enhanced invasion of mature erythrocytes; on passages in normal mice this variant
      type retransformed to the normal type (Kretschmar 1964). On detailed study,
      parasites of the variant type showed a markedly decreased predilection for
      polychromatophilic erythrocytes, leading to slowed multiplication during
      prepatency, increased invasion of mature erythrocytes and rapidly fatal course of
      the infection. Avoidance of parasitized immature erythrocytes remained unaltered
      in the variant type. In presence of antibodies many parasites invaded mature
      erythrocytes even in blood with high concentrations of immature erythrocytes. -
      Plasmodium yoelii (strain 17X) showed very high predilection for
      polychromatophilic erythrocytes, only slight lowering of immature erythrocyte
      concentration and low parasitization of mature erythrocytes. Parasites with
      altered preference for polychromatophilic erythrocytes were not observed in
      animals with parasitemia relapsing after spontaneous disappearance of the primary
      parasitemia or after injection of antiserum. It is suggested that in a variant of
      Plasmodium yoelii with high invasion of mature erythrocytes (Yoeli et al. 1975),
      the decisive virulence factor might be a lowered predilection for
      polychromatophilic erythrocytes. Avoidance of parasitized immature erythrocytes
      is less marked in Plasmodium yoelii than in Plasmodium berghei. In presence of
      antibodies more parasites invade mature erythrocytes. --Plasmodium chabaudi
      showed an appreciable preference for invasion of immature erythrocytes. Moreover,
      significantly more multiply parasitized mature and immature erythrocytes were
      found than would have been produced by random invasion of erythrocytes.

PMID- 384630
TI  - [State of the contractile apparatus during the development of a pathological
      process in the muscles. II. The effect of Ca2+ on the morphology of spreading
      necrosis caused by UV light].
AB  - Using phase-contrast technique and electron microscopy, a study was made of
      morphological changes of contractile system of striated muscle fibre during the
      spreading necrosis caused by ultraviolet light damage. It has been shown that the
      degree of manifestation of destructive changes in the contractile system depends
      upon Ca2+-ion concentration. The ultrastructural study of the damage region,
      under condition of muscle fibre stretching, made it possible to reveal the
      initial stages of formation of this pathological process. A possible contribution
      of intracellular membranous structures in spreading the destructive process along
      the muscle fibre is discussed.

PMID- 384631
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of yeast cell inactivation under the action of UHF
      radiation].
AB  - A particular case of the earlier suggested probability model of the action of
      electromagnetic irradiation on the cell is described. The model has been used for
      the quantitative analysis of inactivation forms and survival curves of yeast
      cells of different strains exposed by electromagnetic field of SHF-range. The
      results of calculation and experimental data show that the probability model is
      suitable for both qualitative and quantitative description of different cell
      responses to SHF-irradiation.

PMID- 384632
TI  - [Accidentally induced malaria].

PMID- 384633
TI  - [In memoriam Jens Johannes Pedersen, 12/23/1903--4/26/1979].

PMID- 384634
TI  - [Familial infantile cortical hyperostosis].

PMID- 384635
TI  - Grey scale echography of the spleen. Follow-up in 67 patients.

PMID- 384636
TI  - Prediction of ultrasonic scattering in blood: an historical note.

PMID- 384637
TI  - [Physical activity in the well-being of the aged].

PMID- 384638
TI  - [Dietary fiber: a review].

PMID- 384639
TI  - [Doctor Jean-Baptiste Jobert (1733--1792)].

PMID- 384641
TI  - A preliminary report on experimental studies of continuous positive-pressure
      ventilation (CPPV) and high-frequency positive-pressure ventilation (HFPPV).

PMID- 384640
TI  - Henrik Enghoff and the volumen inefficax.

PMID- 384642
TI  - Mechanisms of urinary tract infection.
AB  - Most urinary tract infections begin as a cystitis secondary to decreased host
      resistance brought on by disruption of tissue integrity or a decrease in blood
      supply to the bladder. In the female, infrequent voiding and the uninhibited
      bladder are the most common causes of urinary tract infection and are best
      treated by healthy voiding regimens; while in the male, structural and functional
      obstructive uropathy are most often associated with urinary tract infection and
      are alleviated by lowering the high intravesical pressures via surgical or
      medical measures. The concept that host resistance is the determinant of
      infection rather than the organism has permitted the use of clean, intermittent
      self-catheterization; clean intermittent self-dilatation; and transurethral
      diverticulectomy in the therapy of a host of urologic disease syndromes.

PMID- 384644
TI  - Epididymitis as cause of antibody-coated bacteria in urine.
AB  - The antibody-coated bacteria (ACB) immunofluorescence test has emerged as the
      preferred noninvasive technique to distinguish reliably between pyelonephritis
      and cystitis. Investigators have recently correlated a positive test with chronic
      bacterial prostatitis and cystitis complicating a bladder tumor or stone. We
      present data that appear to prove that acute bacterial epididymitis associated
      with bacteriuria can also evoke a positive ACB determination.

PMID- 384643
TI  - Comparative study of cefaclor and amoxicillin in treatment of urinary tract
      infection.
AB  - Cefaclor or amoxicillin was given to 51 randomly assigned patients with urinary
      tract infections. Inclusion in the study required two pretreatment urine cultures
      yielding the same organism (susceptible to both antibiotics) in concentrations
      greater than or equal to 10(5)/ml. Both drugs were administered as 250 mg. orally
      every eight hours for ten days. Cefaclor was given to 27 patients and amoxicillin
      to 24. Most patients in both groups had negative urine cultures at five to nine
      days and four to six weeks following therapy. One patient in each group was
      unsuccessfully treated. Relapse or reinfection occurred with similar frequency in
      both treatment groups. Both antibiotics were well tolerated. minimal inhibiting
      concentrations (MICS) of cefaclor, amoxicillin, cephradine, and cephalexin were
      determined by an agar dilution technique for the 44 available pretreatment
      isolates (41 Escherichia coli and 3 Proteus mirabilis). Mean MICs
      (micrograms./ml., +/- SD) were 2.2 +/- 1.4 for cefaclor, 4.4 +/- 2.0 with
      amoxicillin, 8.1 +/- 4.2 for cephradine, and 5.7 +/- 3.0 with cephalexin.
      Cefaclor is highly active in vitro against those gram-negative bacteria which are
      commonly isolated from urine. Cefaclor is as effective as amoxicillin when
      administered three times daily for the treatment of urinary tract infection.

PMID- 384645
TI  - Monitoring for bacteriuria in spinal cord-injured patients on intermittent
      catheterization. Dip-slide culture technique.
AB  - Spinal cord-injured patients on intermittent catheterization underwent careful
      scrutiny of daily bacteriuria using the dip-slide culture technique. Comparison
      with conventional bacteriologic streaked plates revealed good correlation for
      quantitating low-density bacteria as well as 10(5) organisms. The technique
      serves as a useful tool in screening for urinary tract infection among patients
      with neurogenic bladder.

PMID- 384646
TI  - Uropharmacology: XII. Miscellaneous drugs affecting lower urinary tract.

PMID- 384647
TI  - Henry Jacob Bigelow (1818-1890).

PMID- 384648
TI  - [Evoked potentials of the brain in hearing studies of newborn infants].

PMID- 384650
TI  - [Central mechanisms of the perception of sound signals of varying intensity in
      hard of hearing children].

PMID- 384649
TI  - [Aspects of occupational pathology of the ear].

PMID- 384651
TI  - [Andrei Gavrilovich Likhachev (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 384652
TI  - Intestinal defence of the neonatal pig: interrelationship of gut and mammary
      function providing surface immunity against colibacillosis.
AB  - The neonatal requirements for maternal passive immunity and the lactation
      immunobiology with regard to sow immunisation for neonatal protection are
      reviewed. A vaccination protocol which combines oral and parenteral antigen
      administration to produce antibody activity mediated mainly by IgM is described.
      Its efficacy in affording protection to neonatal piglets was tested against a
      lethal oral infection with a virulent strain of Escherichia coli "Abbottstown".
      Piglets suckled on vaccinated or non-vaccinated sows were exposed to an infective
      challenge in the gastrointestinal tract and the relative pathology in test and
      control groups observed over the neonatal period. Death ensued in 76 per cent of
      piglets suckled on control sows and 26 per cent of piglets suckled on sows
      vaccinated by two intramuscular injections. Litters suckled on orally vaccinated
      sows were able to resist a similar infective challenge, there being only one
      fatality out of 42 piglets.

PMID- 384654
TI  - [K. M. Gol'tsman (on the 125th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 384653
TI  - RVF outbreak echoes biblical plague.

PMID- 384656
TI  - [M. P. Tushnov (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 384655
TI  - [I. I. Mashkin (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 384657
TI  - [Military medical personnel attached to the Guards' Unit].

PMID- 384658
TI  - [Experience with the work of evacuation hospitals in West Siberia during World
      War II].

PMID- 384659
TI  - [Nikolai Semenovich Molchanov (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 384660
TI  - [D. I. Ul'ianov in Sevastopol].

PMID- 384661
TI  - [Foremost submarine physician (Vladimir Mikhailovich Emel'ianenko)].

PMID- 384662
TI  - [Books and symposia on oncology published in the 4th quarter of 1978].

PMID- 384663
TI  - [Viacheslav Vladimirovich Schcheglov].

PMID- 384664
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of esophageal cancer by using mathematical decision
      rules].
AB  - It is suggested to use the medico-mathematical "decisive rules" for the
      differential diagnosis of esophageal cancer in non-specialized medical
      institutions. As the first step the examination cards were written, based on the
      data of 1195 patients with verified diagnosis. The "decisive rules" were worked
      out basing on the examination cards of 597 patients (in 267--esophageal cancer
      and in 330--benign lesions: cardiospasm, benign tumors, cysts, burn and scarring
      strictures, esophagitis, diverticulum). The suggested "decisive rules" using 63
      and 87 clinical signs were tested elsewhere for a retrospective diagnosis in 167
      patients. Using the "decisive rules" with 63 clinical signs esophageal cancer was
      recognized in 96% of cases, non-cancer--in 92%, while using 87 signs--in 92 and
      94% accordingly. The rule comprising 63 signs-questions is recommended for
      practical purposes.

PMID- 384665
TI  - [Ultraviolet-induced effect of N-nitrosamines on the in vitro parameters of DNA
      fusion].
AB  - The results of studies have shown the UV-induced decrease of melting temperatures
      of the DNA of E. coli and chick erythrocytes under the influence of simple N
      nitrosamines (NDMA, NDEA, NDPA). Either UV or nitrosoamines separately failed to
      effect the DNA, or their action was insignificant. It is suggested that this
      effect may be partly due to the action of UV on DNA.

PMID- 384667
TI  - [Echoscopy in the diagnosis of focal hepatic lesions].
AB  - Echograms obtained with a national apparatus UDA-871 were examined in 150
      patients including 41 cases with primary hepatic cancer, 29--with metastases and
      14--with echinococcosis. Echograms aid in differentiating nodular, massive (and
      also diffuse) and cavitary forms of primary hepatic cancer.

PMID- 384666
TI  - [Vladimir Sergeevich Shapot (on this 70th birthday)].

PMID- 384668
TI  - [Kinetics of tumor cell populations].

PMID- 384669
TI  - [Role of ascorbic acid in regulating immunological reactions].

PMID- 384670
TI  - [Riboflavin and vitamin B6 allowances and their human requirements].

PMID- 384672
TI  - [Fibrin fibrinogen degradation products and their significance in kidney diseases
      (literature review)].

PMID- 384671
TI  - [Optimal vitamin C dose for the human body].

PMID- 384674
TI  - [Immunofluorescence method of determining HBc-antibodies in the blood sera of
      serum hepatitis type B patients].
AB  - The indirect immunofluorescent procedure was used to examine blood sera from 68
      patients with serum hepatitis having HBsAg. HBcAb were found in 85% of the
      specimens. Formalin-fixed paraffin sections of autopsy livers pretreated with
      enzyme and containing HBcAg in hepatocyte nuclei were shown to be a useful tissue
      substrate. HBcAb were found in patients in a wave-like manner. The presence of
      HBcAb was found to be connected with the active phase of serum hepatitis.

PMID- 384675
TI  - Medical grand rounds from the West Virginia University Hospital. Insulin
      resistance.

PMID- 384673
TI  - [Viral resistance to chemical preparations in experimental and clinical
      practice].

PMID- 384676
TI  - Professor Bror Rexed awarded the Leon Bernard Foundation prize.

PMID- 384677
TI  - Jacques Parisot Foundation medal awarded to Dr M.F. Bonifacio.

PMID- 384678
TI  - Shousha Foundation prize awarded to Dr R.I. Husain.

PMID- 384679
TI  - PEEP and barotrauma.

PMID- 384680
TI  - [In memory of Dr. Barbara Skierska (1928-1978)].

PMID- 384681
TI  - [Autologous cancellous bone grafting in rabbits using a fibrinogen adhesive
      system (author's transl)].
AB  - The changes in remodelling of autologous cancellous bone after reimplantation
      using a fibrinogen adhesive system (FAS) consisting of highly concentrated
      fibrinogen, thrombin and factor XIII were investigated in 23 rabbits. A 5 x 6 mm
      sized piece of bone was removed from the iliac crest and reimplanted in the same
      place with and without FAS. Histological, tetracycline fluorescence and
      radiological evaluation were carried out after 3, 6 and 9 weeks. The control
      group (without FAS) showed considerable breakdown of the bony trabeculae due to
      regression of the osteocytes in the centre of the reimplanted bone after 3 weeks,
      whereas in the FAS group bone was being built on to the vital trabeculae. After 6
      weeks the reimplant in the FAS group was still clearly advanced in relation to
      the non-FAS group. The difference had almost disappeared after 9 weeks.
      Acceleration of remodelling and lack of regression of the osteocytes in the
      centre of autologous reimplants after the use of FAS indicates an earlier
      recommencement of nutrition as compared with the control group. New bone
      formation in autologous reimplants was clearly accelerated by the use of FAS.

PMID- 384682
TI  - [Causes and consequences of long term consumption of phenacetin-containing
      analgesics, from the urologist's point of view (author's transl)].
AB  - In the last two decades reports concerning analgesic nephropathies have been
      presented from most industrial countries. Today, there is no doubt concerning a
      causal association between long-term consumption of analgesics and renal failure.
      In a group of 274 urological patients, the reasons and consequences of long-term
      intake of phenacetin-containing compounds are herewith demonstrated. The reason
      for chronic consumption of analgesics is mainly headache, due to psychosomatic
      causes which had not been adequately treated. After an average latency period of
      20 years, renal (papillary necrosis, chronic interstitial nephritis) and
      extrarenal manifestations appeared. Despite slow progression and low gradient
      symptoms, severe alterations could be determined at the first examination. Course
      and prognosis primarily depend on a successful cessation of analgesics and the
      elimination of the accompanying infection. In the last decade, an increase of
      transitional cell carcinoma induced by analgesics has been observed. 22 of our
      patients presented a tumor of the urothelium (i.e. 8%). A further increase of
      these specific cases is expected.

PMID- 384683
TI  - Microvascular free tissue transfers.

PMID- 384684
TI  - The foot as a donor site in reconstructive microsurgery.

PMID- 384685
TI  - Papillary ureteroneocystostomy in renal transplantation: an experimental and
      clinical study.

PMID- 384687
TI  - A tribute to Doctor Caldwell.

PMID- 384688
TI  - [Philosophical and theoretical problems of sowjet medical psychology].

PMID- 384686
TI  - Role of gastric mucosal pepsin in the pathogenesis of acute stress ulceration.

PMID- 384689
TI  - [Development of student and child meal service in the German Democratic
      Republic].

PMID- 384690
TI  - [Disorders of the arterial blood supply in the upper extremities].
AB  - Arteriopathies of the upper half of the body may lead to considerable functional
      disturbances of the arm and severe deficits on the part of the central nervous
      system. Due to good comparison they scarcely cause or do not cause any complaints
      in a no unconsiderable part. The clinical material consisting of 4,162 patients
      from five annual courses had in 9.2% occlusion and stenoses localized in the
      supraaortic and brachial region. The in most cases systemic angiopathy here
      explains the frequently combined appearance with arterial processes in the pelvic
      and the leg region. According to the height of the occlusion we clinically differ
      types of carotis, shoulder girdle, upper arm and peripheral-acral obliteration,
      which in each case show differences concerning frequency, age of manifestation,
      etiology, distribution of sex and clinical degree of severity. The angiological
      basic diagnostics is based on the inspection, palpation of the arteries,
      auscultation of the vessels, bilateral measuring of the blood pressure after Riva
      Rocci and functional examinations, such as fist closure test and Allen test, as
      well as clinical proofs or exclusions of neurovascular syndromes of the shoulder
      girdle. The special apparative angiological methods comprise the oscillo-, rheo-
      and vein occlusion plethysmography, the Doppler ultrasound technique, estimations
      of the ophthalmic pressure, isotopic methods and angiographic exploration. --The
      individual angiological examination methods are of different importance according
      to the height localisation of the angioorganopathy. --The incomplete syndrome of
      the aortic arch is taken into consideration. In short the author adopts a
      definite attitude to the demands of therapy.

PMID- 384691
TI  - [Long-term course of aortic arch syndrome caused by arteriosclerosis].
AB  - The course of the extracranially conditioned cerebrovascular disease is
      characterized by a worse prognosis in comparison with the average population of
      the GDR (11 years older) and by increased cardiovascular complication rate (every
      fifth patient suffered a myocardial infarction, every fourth patient suffered an
      apoplexy). Younger age of manifestation and increasing number of concomitant
      diseases form the basis of a course which is altogether endangered by
      complications, which, however, compared with peripheral and coronary
      arteriosclerosis, is more favourable. Operative reconstruction of the path of a
      vessel leads to an enduring improvement of the picture of the complaint. The
      total prognosis corresponds to the so-called spontaneous course. Under permanent
      treatment with anticoagulants a retardation of the general progressing of
      arteriosclerosis and improvement of the survival rates is to be proved.

PMID- 384692
TI  - [Laudatio. Johannes Rechenberger 70 years old].

PMID- 384693
TI  - [65th birthday of J.J. Herzberg].

PMID- 384694
TI  - [Stimulation for a "personal history of behavior modification" as well as further
      thoughts].
AB  - The intention of this article is not to make a contribution to the historical
      analysis of the complex structure of conditions which eventually led to the
      development of the many techniques of Behavior Modification. Due to the
      increasing interests -- especially recently -- for the real and true fathers,
      grand-fathers and great-grandfathers of Behavior Modification this article tries
      to provide a first concept of a "Personality-History of Behavior Modification".
      In other words; it is the very first attempt to take Eysenck's demand seriously:
      "Credits should be given where it is due." (Eysenck 1975 b, S. 72.).

PMID- 384695
TI  - [Use of the Cunningham chamber in the macrophage-spreading-inhibition-test].

PMID- 384696
TI  - [Bile secretion in white rats following endotoxin effect].

PMID- 384698
TI  - [Methods for determination of cardiac glycosides--possibilities and experiences].

PMID- 384697
TI  - [Purification of commercial horseradish peroxidase for the use in enzyme
      immunoassay].

PMID- 384699
TI  - [Treatment of irreversible chronic lymphedema of the lower extremity].

PMID- 384700
TI  - [Primary manifestations of immunoblastic lymphoma in the area of a resected
      lymphedema].
AB  - A patient's trauma in childhood leads to a chronic lymphoedema requiring a
      Charles' operation in adult life. Eight years following the operation the primary
      manifestation of a malignant lymphoma is observed within the operated
      lymphoedema. The aetiology of the tumour remains unknown.

PMID- 384701
TI  - [Pathomorphology and indications in plastic surgery of the breast].
AB  - The pathohistological features of two breasts with implants coated with
      polyurethane are described.--The first case with an implant of 4 months shows a
      capsule with cellular collagen tissue and triangular and rectangular polyurethane
      particles with foreign body reactions. The second case, an autopsy of a female
      artist, revealed a mammary augmentation in both breasts in situ. The prothesis
      were surrounded by a regular capsule tissue without inflammation.--The different
      reactions in the connective tissue of the breasts surrounding the implants are
      described: Silicone implants by Cronin and polyurethane coated implants by
      Ashley. Complications of breast prothesis are discussed. The constrictive
      fibrosis is initiated by local chronic inflammation and foreign body reactions.
      The subcutaneous mastectomy with implantation of prothesis is performed today in
      cases of fibrocystic diseases with atypical epithelial proliferations, in cases
      with recurrend fibrocystic disease, with non-invasive ductal carcinoma and
      lobular carcinoma in situ. The subcutaneous mastectomy is therefore a
      prophylactic and a therapeutic method.

PMID- 384702
TI  - [Cancellous bone grafting for fingers and metacarpus].
AB  - Bone grafting using cancellous bone is a reliable method treating fresh and old
      fractures. In the period 1974-1977 the Department of Plastic Surgery of the
      University Hospital "Bergmannsheil Bochum" treated 39 cases of finger- and
      metacarpal-bone injuries and bone diseases successfully by cancellous bone
      grafting. Indications, technique and results of our methods are described.

PMID- 384703
TI  - Renal transplant rejection.

PMID- 384704
TI  - [A. P. Dolgov].

PMID- 384705
TI  - [Microanalysis of chemical corrosion of prosthetic casts].

PMID- 384707
TI  - [Reduced fixed or removable dentures in the periodontally treated dentition-
      trends].

PMID- 384706
TI  - [Indirect rebasing of complete dentures].

PMID- 384708
TI  - [Surgical measures in preparatory treatment].

PMID- 384709
TI  - [Bite taking in the complete dentition].

PMID- 384710
TI  - [Emil Hienzsch 65 years old].

PMID- 384712
TI  - [In memoriam Aledksandr Nikolaevich Rubakin].

PMID- 384711
TI  - [Toothpaste abrasion test on polymethylmethacrylate and the identification of
      mineral filler].

PMID- 384713
TI  - [Antiseptics and aseptics in changing times].
AB  - The history of wound healing is a series of errors not to be understood today.
      Historical aspects of anti- and aseptis are dealt with; the merits of Ignaz
      Semmelweis, Joseph Lister and Robert Koch are stressed; conclusions for the time
      being are drawn.

PMID- 384714
TI  - [Necrectomy in full thickness burns (author's transl)].
AB  - 54 necrectomies of 10 to 25% have been performed in full thickness burns covering
      up to 50% body surface. The optimal time for the procedure is between the 5th to
      9th day after the accident. The loss of blood is considerable and should be
      substituted during the operation. After removing the necrotic tissue the wound
      surface should be immediately covered with autogenous oder homogenous skin using
      the mesh graft technique. Necrectomy is a very traumatising operation and its
      extent has limitations depending on the patient's age.

PMID- 384715
TI  - [Meralgia paraesthetica (author's transl)].
AB  - For transplantation of autologous bone the chips are mostly taken from the crista
      iliaca respectively the os ileum. Besides haematoma and seroma sometimes a
      specific kind of pain follows the operation. 5 patients with this neuralgia out
      of a total of 84 were observed.

PMID- 384716
TI  - [Continuous cervix measurement (author's transl)].
AB  - A new technique has been devised for high-continuity recording of cervical
      dilatation during labour. The measuring principle is based on Hall's effect. The
      sensor is superior to conventional methods by its smaller dimensions and weight
      and the possibility of on-line processing. The new method is used in conjunction
      with cardiotocography to test the action of medicaments upon cervical behaviour
      and labour.

PMID- 384717
TI  - [Phobic motility responses to light and darkness in proteus bacteria (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 384719
TI  - Leptospires colonial variations.
AB  - Six of 12 relatively freshly isolated and museum strains representing serovars
      mozdok, monjakov, kazakhstanica I and patoc were heterogeneous in colonia
      morphology. Recloned colonial variants of one and the same heterogeneous
      population did not exhibit any differences in antigenic properties in cross
      reactions of microagglutination and absorption of agglutinins. Along with it
      among the clones with various colonial types of the two relatively freshly
      isolated strains of serovar mozdok distinctions in virulence (LD50) for hamsters
      were marked. Moreover for the clones one of them differences in the level of
      renal infection (ID50) and in morphology of the cells (hooked and straight) were
      found. In a solid Tween-80 albumin medium in populations of two colonial variants
      (serovars monjakov and kazakhstanica I) colonial mutants appeared without any
      changes in antigenic properties, virulence and cell morphology with frequency of
      10-9-10-8 per one bacterium per one generation.

PMID- 384718
TI  - [Survey of antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria using the cross
      product ratio].
AB  - Antibiotic resistance pattern in clinical isolates of selected gram-negative
      bacteria at Groote Schuur Hospital during two three-month periods with a ten year
      interval were investigated. The antibiotic resistance is represented by means of
      the cross product, or odds ratio, using the log-linear model. This was found to
      be a simple method of monitoring the change or increase of antibiotic resistance,
      and enabled an overall analysis, catering for antibiotic and organism effects, to
      be performed

PMID- 384720
TI  - [Experimental studies on the pathogenicity of tetanus spores regarding eucaryotic
      cell systems (author's transl)].
AB  - After injection of known numbers of viable tumour cells admixed with tetanus
      spores into the subcutaneous tissue between the shoulder blades the sigmoidal
      tetanus lethality curves of mice can be quantitatively analysed following the
      underlying growth of tetanus clostridia and tumour cells. We suggest that the
      "driving force" for exponential clostridial growth and toxin synthesis are oxygen
      consuming clones of tumour cells. Our experimental data are in good accordance
      with a stochastic mathematical model which allows for computing the cloning
      probability of one single spore on the basis of a 1-mitosis-1-clostridium
      division-principle.

PMID- 384721
TI  - The detection of nasal carriers of salmonella and other enterobacteria amongst
      young farm animals.
AB  - An investigation was conducted to detect the presence of Salmonella nasal
      carriers amongst young farm animals (Cow-calves, buffalo-calves, lambs, kids,
      piglets and foals) on farms having a previous history of Salmonellosis.
      Salmonella could be isolated from nasal swabs of 1.2% of the cow-calves and 2.9%
      of the piglets studied but not from other young animals. Isolated strains
      included S. typhimurium and S. weltevreden from cow-calves and piglets,
      respectively. Other members of family Enterobacriacteeae isolated from nasal
      passages of these animals were: E. coli (O106:H27 and O153:H12), Serratia
      rubidiae, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp. and Citrobacter spp. One of the
      Citrobacter strains from piglet faeces which appear to be a new Citrobacter
      serotype had Salmonella 45(1), 45(3), 45(5) 'O' antigens. The results indicated
      that the upper respiratory tract of animals carried Salmonella and other
      potentially pathogenic enterobacteria which might contribute to the spread of
      corresponding infections among man and animals.

PMID- 384722
TI  - [Seasonal and periodic rhythms of infectious diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - The causes of epidemics are plainly not the pathogens alone as was initially
      assumed by Koch's school, predisposition and constitution of the population
      proved to be equally important. Ever since ancient times problems linked with the
      "constitutio epidemica" have been topical; the "physis", the "natura hominis" and
      the invironment of man play an increasingly important role in the symptomatology
      of disease, as can be gathered from such early documents as the "Corpus
      hippocraticum". Fracastoro distinguished between contagious and non-contagious
      epidemics. The casual organisms were considered to be miasmas -- noxious
      emanations -- or "contagia" i.e. likewise toxic substances. Questions concerning
      the origin of these miasmas turned attention to the environment (air, soil,
      water) and even led to astrological medicine. Not until the Renaissance were
      attempts made to differentiate the usual global words for epidemic, such as
      "loimos", "lues" and "pestis" with the result that a symptom was used more and
      more to designate a disease. For example, the symptom fever led to the
      designation "three-day fever" or "four-day fever", "typhus fever". This
      terminology made a differential diagnosis difficult to establish, thwarted
      selection measures to check epidemics and the medical world was thus helpless in
      explaining the causal agents and the phenomena of epidemics. This is illustrated
      by some epidemiological examples (ergotism, scurvy, yellow fever, English sweat,
      diphtheria and malaria). In this connection the "morbus novus", the
      transformation of the pathogen and the change of the pathogen is discussed. Many
      questions still left unanswered regarding the seasonal incidence, the fluctuation
      and disappearance of epidemics over decades or even centuries lead more
      frequently to sociomedical considerations with respect to the victims of
      epidemics, their predisposition, constitution and environment exposure term
      "hospital gangrene" with the modern term "hospitalism", we are not dealing with a
      transformation but a change of the pathogen. The impressive effects produced by
      antibiotics resulted in carelessness and along with the unprecedented advances in
      medicine and engineering we forgot to bear in mind that almost all great steps
      forward have an adverse side. Hygiene and practical medicine have only made a
      modest beginning in establishing the contact which should indeed be a matter of
      course in the hospital.

PMID- 384723
TI  - [Travellers' diarrhoea. I. Field study on frequency and causes in German tourists
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Even after successful localization of dangerous epidemics, infectious diseases
      represent a troublesome accompaniment of growing tourism to warm countries.
      Classical pathogens of diarrhoea are subjected to a worldwide control network to
      prevent this disease at least from being spread. Close surveillance has shown
      that, additionally, less clearly defined pathogens exist which affect a high
      percentage of tourists and cause a usually harmless but nevertheless often very
      annoying diarrhoea. In a tropic insular state a field study was carried out with
      voluntary assistance of German flight passengers in order to investigate the
      qualitative and quanitative importance of travellers' diarrhoea and to supplement
      American observations mainly gained in Mexico. In a first study we found that
      pathogens were detected only in six out of 173 stool samples: the pathogens were
      Salmonellae which had caused clinical symptoms in two cases only. With respect to
      diarrhoea with different origin which affected some 20 per cent of our examinees
      we will inquire into the importance of E. coli as pathogen, which is generally
      classified harmless but liable to interfere considerably with holidays and
      recreation.

PMID- 384724
TI  - [The importance of bacteriological hygiene tests for determining the "hygiene
      status" in hospitals (author's transl)].

PMID- 384725
TI  - [The influence of short-term lead exposure on the bacterial clearance of the lung
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The experiments describe the effects of short-term application of low
      concentrations of lead on the elimination of bacteria in the lungs of laboratory
      animals. On five subsequent days over a period of three weeks female mice of the
      NMRI strain were exposed for one and three hours, respectively, to a lead aerosol
      (mean concentration 13,14 micrograms/m3 lead chloride). Then the animals inhaled
      FITC labeled non pathogenic bacteria of the species Serratia marcescens. The
      lungs of the animals examined were analyzed for: a) free fluorescent bacteria in
      the pulmonary tissue, in the alveoles, bronchioles and bronchi; b) phagocytising
      alveolar macrophages; c) non-phagocytising alveolar macrophages. The following
      results have been established: 1. Under the given test conditions a three hour
      inhalation of lead chloride induces a significant reduction in the elimination of
      the bacteria. A one hour inhalation causes differences between the mean values of
      the test group and a control group on nearly all the days of experiments. On the
      10th, 13th and 14th day of inhalation a signifcant difference between both groups
      could be established. The number of bacteria fluctuates largely from one day of
      test to the next, including a weekly rhythm. 2. Comparing the test group with the
      control group with respect to the parameters "phagocytising alveolar macrophages"
      and "free bacteria" as well, one can notice for the one hour lead chloride
      inhalation particularly high numbers obtained on weekends. The number of
      phagocytising alveolar macrophages tends to increase after a one hour lead
      chloride inhalation period during the third week of the experiment. This
      indicates a reactive increase of phagocytosis stimulated by the increased uptake
      of bacteria. Contrary after a three hour inhalation period of lead chloride
      during the third week from the 11th to the 15th day of testing, no further
      reactive increase in the number of phagocytising alveolar macrophages can be
      established. . A comparison of the number of non phagocytising alveolar
      macrophages did not reveal any differences between the mean values of the test
      groups for one hour and three hour inhalations compared to the control groups.

PMID- 384726
TI  - [Investigation on the presence of salmonella in drinking water from water
      supplies and distribution systems in Togo (author's transl)].
AB  - Bacteriological drinking water examination of samples from water works and wells
      as well as from their distribution systems revealed that from 26 samples, where
      Salmonella organisms could be isolated, in 16 cases E. coli- and coliforms could
      not be found and that in 9 of these cases even the colony count was below 100
      colonies per ml at 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C incubation temperature. The
      common reasons for such contaminations are technical deficiencies, mostly faulty
      well-heads or broken covers of reservoirs. Rainbow lizzards (Agama agama), very
      common in these regions, can thus easily gain access to wells and reservoirs and
      pollute the groundwater. Rainbow lizzards do not posses a constant and uniform
      microbial flora of the intestine. Among lizzards which excrete Salmonella
      organisms in great numbers, relatively often individuals could be found which
      harbour either no E. coli- and/or coliforms at all or only in very reduced
      numbers. In the light of these results an efficient primary protection of all
      water supplies by a secure covering of well-heads and reservoirs in particular
      seems to be of paramount importance in tropical countries. This is very much in
      contrast to the situation most commonly seen in these areas. The necessary
      measures would have to be accompanied and supplemented by alterations of the
      installations in the house where the creation of open reservoirs must be avoided.

PMID- 384727
TI  - Micrococcaceae isolated from meat and dairy products (taxonomic study).
AB  - 149 Micrococcaceae strains (35 reference strains and 114 strains isolated from
      meat and dairy products) have been studied using 61 biochemical microtests.
      Numerical taxonomy has distinguished two main biochemical groups which may be
      characterized by their varying ability to use heteroside compounds. -- A small
      number of biochemical tests in each group enable the differentiation of 17 taxa
      corresponding to diverse origins. The wild strains of Micrococcaceae found in
      foods are very different from reference strains in collections. -- With regard to
      the present study, it seems that a central biotype exists which may be
      represented by the taxa 13, 14, 15 and 16 in Fig. 1. -- Given this central
      biotype, various biochemical differences may be considered as ecological
      adaptability. Group I corresponds to meat orgin -- Taxa No. 1, 2, correspond to
      collection strains -- Taxon No. 12 corresponds to cheese origin -- Taxa No. 8, 9
      and 10 correspond to milk origin.

PMID- 384728
TI  - [Restoring the continuity of severed peripheral nerves. Indications and surgical
      technics].
AB  - The detailed literature is critically examined, especially with regard to the
      questions of the time of the operation, technique of the intervention, use of
      transplantation, suture under tension, etc. The author recommends the following
      operating tactics: (I) Smoothly separated nerves without any defects or larger
      side-injuries are subject to primary care. Mono- to oligofascicular nerves are
      loosely coapted by epineural sutures; the protruding contents are not excised.
      For polyfascicular nerves one uses endofascicular guiding sutures and coaptation
      by epineural sutures. In case of a clear group structure, interfascicular
      coaption is used. (2) Early secondary care according to plan gets to the stumps
      from the healthy material and uses interfascicular transplantation for every
      tension occurring. In case of polyfascicular nerves without group structure, the
      corresponding sectors are connected with each other. (3) The late secondary care
      follows the rules for the early secondary care. (4) Re-operations are carried out
      if regeneration does not set in, testing is mainly carried out by means of the
      Hoffmann-Tinel sign. Sometimes intraneural neurolysis will be sufficient in these
      cases; more often than not, parts of the whole cross-section must be resected or
      bridged again by transplantation.

PMID- 384730
TI  - [Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov (on the 150th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 384729
TI  - [The hypophysis and haemoblastoses].
AB  - In necropsies of 165 patients with malignant haemoblastoses, infiltrates in the
      pituitary were found in 38 cases (23%). The most frequent occurrence was found in
      lymphoblastic leucosis (33.3%) and in non-Hodgkin lymphomas (29%). Hypophyseal
      manifestations were found in 21% for myoblastic leucosis and in 5.5% in case of
      Hodgkin lymphomas. As regards the location, the capsula showed an affection of
      55.2%, the anterior and posterior lobes together one of 21.1%, the
      neurohypophysis one of 15.8% and the anterior lobe one of 7.9%. There are
      different opinions with regard to the development: exclusively metastatic
      processes or local formation of the infiltrates. The latter opinion is favoured
      by the frequent detection of cells of exemplary haemopoiesis between the Dorsum
      sellae and the outer layer of the hypophyseal capsule (Stratum periostale) in
      patients without haemoblastosis as well as by the fact that in half of the
      patients the clinical picture of meningosis leucotica only developed in the stage
      of haematological full remission, that is, when there were no longer any
      blastomatous cells in the blood.

PMID- 384731
TI  - [Vladimir Vladimirovich Pravdich-Neminskii (on the 100th anniversary of his
      birth)].

PMID- 384732
TI  - [Current biochemical conceptions of mental disorders. I. Biogenic amines in the
      pathogenesis of schizophrenia].

PMID- 384733
TI  - [Unidimensional echoencephalography in clinical neurology (review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 384734
TI  - [Electrophysiologic indices in athetosis and torsion dystonia before and after
      stereotaxic surgery].

PMID- 384736
TI  - [Effects of tobacco smoke and gaseous air pollutants on the antibacterial
      activity of pulmonary alveolar macrophages; review of the literature].

PMID- 384737
TI  - Gastrin response to insulin in patients with cirrhosis of the liver.
AB  - Fasting gastrinemia in cirrhotics (48.35 +/- 2.77 pg/ml) was higher than in
      normal controls (32.93 +/- 0.75 pg/ml; P less than 0.001). After insulin-induced
      hypoglycemia, the mean increase of gastrin above basal level was 42.29 +/- 1.92
      pg/ml in controls and 10.85 +/- 5.05 pg/ml in cirrhosis (P less than 0.001). BAO
      was 2.53 +/- 0.36 mEq/h in controls and 0.42 +/- 0.004 mEq/h in cirrhotics (P
      less than 0.001). After i.v. insulin, TAO was 8.42 +/- 0.72 mEq/h in controls and
      3.06 +/- 0.26 mEq/h in cirrhotics (P less than 0.001). The authors suggest that
      the lack of an adequate gastrin and acid response to the hypoglycemic stimulus in
      cirrhotics might be accounted for by a decreased insulin sensitivity.

PMID- 384735
TI  - [Serotonin and catecholamine metabolism in brain tumors (review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 384739
TI  - Inaugural address of the European Academy of Anesthesiology.

PMID- 384738
TI  - Postoperative arterial oxygen tension after peroperative PEEP-ventilation.
AB  - Forty otherwise healthy patients (29 women and 11 men), undergoing elective
      cholecystectomy, were randomly allocated to be ventilated during the operation
      either with a positive end-expiratory pressure of 1 kPa (10 cmH2O) (PEEP group)
      or with intermittent positive pressure ventilation without PEEP (control group).
      During the operation the mean arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) in the PEEP group
      increased from 14.6 to 16.5 kPa, while no changes occurred in the control group
      (13.5 and 13.6 kPa). On the first postoperative day, PaO2 decreased by 12% of the
      preoperative values in the PEEP group; the decrease was 20% in the control group.
      On the third postoperative day, the PaO2 in the control group was still 9% below
      the preoperative values, but on the fifth day, both groups had reached their
      preoperative PaO2 values. In the postoperative period, no statistically
      significant difference in PaO2 could be demonstrated between the groups.
      Determinations of the forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in the
      first second showed no difference between the groups pre- or postoperatively. The
      present study demonstrated no clinically relevant beneficial effect of
      peroperative PEEP ventilation on the postoperative arterial hypoxaemia after an
      upper abdominal laparotomy.

PMID- 384741
TI  - Uncommon case of type II glycogenosis.
AB  - The authors report an uncommon case of type II glycogenosis. An 8-year-old boy
      developed a slow progressive myopathy. Biopsy of skeletal muscle showed scarce
      lesions under the optic microscope but in 50% of the fibers the presence of
      vacuoles filled with glycogen under the electron microscope. Ultrastructural
      analysis of fibroblasts in culture showed numerous vacuoles filled with glycogen,
      characteristic of type II glycogenosis. Enzymatic analysis revealed that acid
      alpha-glucosidase activity was normal in muscle tissues but deeply deficient in
      leukocytes and fibroblasts in culture. This is, as far as we know, the first case
      with such a discrepancy in the distribution of the enzymatic activity, and it
      underlines the necessity of investigating several tissues in atypical cases.

PMID- 384740
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of epiplexus macrophages responding to challenge by
      bacillus Calmette-Guerin.
AB  - The present investigation examined the morphological characteristics of epiplexus
      macrophages following a single intracisternal injection of the antigen, bacillus
      Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Three days following injection of BCG (0.5 - 4.0 X 10(8)
      viable microorganisms), mongrel dogs were perfused with buffered aldehydes. The
      choroid plexus of the lateral and third ventricles was removed and routinely
      prepared for scanning or transmission electron microscopy. Choroid plexuses from
      normal animals (no BCG injection) were similarly prepared. Macrophages of normal
      animals possessed smooth cell surfaces with usually one to three cytoplasmic
      processes. Following BCG injection, a 10-fold increase in the epiplex macrophage
      population was observed. Furthermore, the majority of these cells presented an
      abundance of cell surface microappendages; including blebs, ruffles and
      microvilli. Cell processes and microvilli frequently mediated contacts between
      widely separated macrophages. These associations may play a role in the
      initiation and/or maintenance of the cellular immune response to BCG.

PMID- 384742
TI  - Complications of cerclage.
AB  - The published results of cervical cerclage are almost invariably good and there
      is little mention of complications. Forty per cent of 52 pregnancies, with 38
      early "prophylactic" and 14 late "therapeutic" operations, ended after 260 days'
      gestation. In 73 per cent a viable infant was born. The most frequent
      complication was premature rupture of the membranes (12 cases) followed by
      slipping suture (7) and premature delivery (6). Intra-uterine infection was
      fairly common. The implications and possible causes of this high rate of
      complications are discussed.

PMID- 384743
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. F. Crabbe].

PMID- 384744
TI  - The unilateral vestibular hypofunction.
AB  - The presentation of the report "THE UNILATERAL VESTIBULAR HYPOFUNCTION" has been
      placed in the scope of the treatment technique, which resulted from the findings
      and experiences of the author could obtain by his investigations in the clinical
      cases with unilateral vestibular hypofunction. After having emphasized some main
      concepts concerning correct evaluation of unilateral hypofunction, which is the
      central theme of the report, the author indicates how these experiences led him
      to the conception of this treatment technique: THE VESTIBULAR HABITUATION
      TRAINING. It is intended for this category of dizzy patients, who usually were so
      resistant to be alleviated from their dizziness, viz. the cases with provoked or
      positional dizziness. The fundamental bases of this treatment are exposed. A
      survey of the literature concerning the various concepts and techniques of
      vestibular revalidation is followed by the description of the personal technique
      and the presentation of the first results.

PMID- 384745
TI  - Electron microscopy of treponemes subjected to the Treponema pallidum
      immobilization (TPI) test. I. Comparison of immunoimmobilized cells and control
      cells.
AB  - The ultrastructure of cells of T. pallidum Nichols subjected to the TPI test was
      studied in negatively stained specimens. Cells incubated in basal medium to which
      was added either human syphilis serum or heated guineapig serum (GPS) showed a
      normal morphology. This was also the cause for cells incubated with basal medium
      to which was added either human syphilis serum and heated GPS or normal human
      serum and unheated GPS. By dark-field microscopy cells obtained from these
      different incubation mixtures were found to be motile. In contrast, cells
      incubated in basal medium to which was added human syphilis serum and unheated
      GPS were all immobilized, and in the electron microscope they presented a
      morphology strikingly different from that of normal cells. The immunoimmobilized
      cells were swollen and their surface was completely covered with a layer of fuzzy
      material. The nature of this material and its possible role in rendering the
      treponemes immobile is discussed.

PMID- 384746
TI  - Demonstration of the non-identity between the Fc receptor for human IgG from
      group A streptococci type 15 and M protein, peptidoglycan and the group specific
      carbohydrate.
AB  - After electrophoresis of an alkaline extract of type 15 group A streptococci,
      three main precipitation lines were obtained in diffusion experiments against
      commercial human polyclonal IgG (lines 1, 2 and 3). Nineteen of 23 sera (83%)
      from apparently healthy human individuals gave line 3, while 6 of them (26%) gave
      line 1. The sera giving line 1 did also give line 3. Line 2 was obtained with 2
      sera only, also giving lines 1 and 3. Line 3 was caused by a streptococcal Fc
      receptor for human IgG, since the line could be displaced by addition of Fc
      fragments, but not Fab-fragments of pooled human IgG. Line 1 was shown to be
      different from line 3, since (1) line 1 was suppressed in contrast to line 3 on
      absorption of a human serum or commercial polyclonal human IgG with S. aureus;
      and (2), line 1 was suppressed by Fab-fragments but not Fc-fragments of
      polyclonal human IgG. Line 2 could be inhibited by addition of peptidoglycan to
      commercial polyclonal human IgG or a human serum investigated. Another line, 4,
      obtained in diffusion experiments involving electrophoretically separated
      alkaline extract of type 15 group A streptococci was type-specific as shown by
      rabbit antisera to streptococci type M1, M8, M15, and T44, and disappeared on
      trypsinization of the extract. The component responsible for line 4 in the
      streptococcal extract, judged to be type-specific M protein, had a mobility
      different from the component responsible for line 3 in electrophoresis.

PMID- 384747
TI  - Endotoxin and prostaglandin fever of newborn guinea pigs at different ambient
      temperatures.
AB  - At an ambient temperature (Ta) of 30 degrees C, injection of 0.2 micrograms E.
      coli endotoxin into the lateral cerebral ventricle (icv) of three-day-old or
      younger guinea pigs was followed by a biphasic febrile rise in body temperature
      (Tc) and oxygen consumption (VO2), interrupted by a transient fall. At Ta 20
      degrees C the change in Tc and VO2 was still biphasic, the first rise was similar
      as that seen at Ta 30 degrees C, but the subsequent fall was more pronounced.
      Thus, Tc became lower than before endotoxin and remained below the pre-injection
      level during and after the second rise. Injection of 10 ng PGE1 icv caused
      sustained monophasic hyperthermia at both Ta-s. Icv injection of 0.9% NaCl did
      not affect Tc and VO2 at either Ta. Accordingly, prostaglandins might contribute
      to, but cannot account for, the whole febrile response to endotoxin.

PMID- 384748
TI  - [Histometrical and biochemical study of osteoarthrotic cartilage (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 384749
TI  - Application and evaluation of automated arrhythmia monitoring in the coronary
      care unit.

PMID- 384750
TI  - [The anodically moving thermolabile antigen (ATA) of Gram negative bacteria.
      Protection of mice by immunization with ATA (author's transl)].
AB  - Mice are protected against lethal doses of Salmonella typhi-murium by vaccination
      with ATA extracted from Providencia. No protective effect is observed when the S.
      typhi-murium strains are enterotoxigenic. Thus protection is antibacterial, but
      not antitoxic.

PMID- 384751
TI  - Effect of deep freezing on the result of blood cultures.
AB  - From citrated blood samples left to stand in the deep freeze at -20 degrees C for
      12--14 hr prior to culturing, Staphylococcus aureus was recovered more
      effectively than from the control cultures.

PMID- 384752
TI  - Predicting outcome after severe head injury--a computer-assisted analysis of
      neurological symptoms and laboratory values.

PMID- 384753
TI  - A scanning electron microscopic (SEM) study of the re-endothelialization of the
      carotid end-to-side anastomosis in the rat.
AB  - A carotid end-to-side anastomosis was made on 25 male Wistar rats (mean weight
      197.8 g). At different time intervals, from 0 to 21 days after the operation, the
      animals were sacrificed. The anastomosis was exposed, the aorta was cannulated,
      and the animals were perfused at a constant pressure of 80 mm Hg with a 2 1/2%
      glutaraldehyde solution. The anastomoses were taken out for further SEM and light
      microscopic (LM) study. The SEM results indicate that after the acute platelet
      fibrin reaction in the first 48 hours the suture line itself becomes
      reendothelialized after 4 days. On the stitches, however, (EthilonR 11 X 0, 2871
      G, BV7 needle) after two days a cellular population was seen, consisting of
      leucocytes transforming into flattened cells. The morphology of these cells and
      their role in the regeneration of endothelium is discussed. This study gives
      evidence to the possibility of a blood-borne genesis of endothelial cells in
      vivo.

PMID- 384754
TI  - CT, EEG, and ICP recordings during intensive care of acute head injuries.

PMID- 384756
TI  - Stereotactic biopsy in tumours of the sellar region other than adenomas.

PMID- 384758
TI  - Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical aspects of haemangioblastomas.

PMID- 384757
TI  - Functional endocrinological disturbances in parasellar processes.

PMID- 384755
TI  - Opto-chiasmatic arachnoiditis: a review of traditional neuroradiological
      diagnosis (82 cases, 1951--1976).
AB  - A retrospective appraisal of traditional neuroradiological techniques (such as
      direct rontgenograms, cerebral angiography RISA-cisternography, and pneumo
      cisterno-encephalography, as opposed to the "new" technique of computer-assisted
      tomography) was carried out in a series of 82 cases of opto-chiasmatic
      arachnoiditis, all surgically verified. It is concluded that none of these
      examinations can provide a reliable diagnosis of opto-chiasmatic arachnoiditis,
      which preoperatively can only be a tentative diagnosis that becomes final only
      when confirmed by surgical findings. In the presence of certain progressive neuro
      ophthalmological symptoms and signs, a negative neuro-radiological investigation
      should not deter the neurosurgeon from exploring the chiasmatic region. Computer
      assisted tomography, of which the authors have no personal experience in these
      cases, may hold the future answer to the diagnostic problem.

PMID- 384759
TI  - Intraventricular pressure monitoring--a stereotactic approach for compressed
      ventricular systems.

PMID- 384760
TI  - Simplified theatre monitoring techniques to minimize the risks of carotid
      ligation.

PMID- 384761
TI  - [Cicatricial pemphigoid of Brunsting Perry].

PMID- 384762
TI  - [Emphysematous cystitis].

PMID- 384763
TI  - [Ceramo-metallic technics].

PMID- 384764
TI  - [Current concepts of impressions intended for ceramometallic constructions].

PMID- 384766
TI  - [The periodontium and ceramometallic restorations].

PMID- 384765
TI  - [Electroplated gold. Means of bonding ceramics onto nickel-chromium alloy].

PMID- 384767
TI  - [Esthetics and color in ceramometallic prosthetics].

PMID- 384768
TI  - Psychohistorical perceptions of involuntary conversion.

PMID- 384769
TI  - The pathology of traumatic brain injuries.

PMID- 384770
TI  - Advances in diagnosis and treatment of root and peripheral nerve injury.

PMID- 384771
TI  - Frontiers in vestibular and oculo-motor research. Liber-amicorum in honour of
      Prof. Hans Engstrom. Preface.

PMID- 384772
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Heihachi Aoki].

PMID- 384774
TI  - Drug resistance in strains of Escherichia coli isolated from the intestinal tract
      of pigs in Norway.

PMID- 384773
TI  - Isolation of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis from sheep and cattle in Iceland.

PMID- 384776
TI  - The magazine picture collage: its clinical use and validity as an assessment
      device.
AB  - To contribute to an understanding of the magazine picture collage as a clinical
      assessment device, experienced psychiatric staff from various disciplines were
      asked to distinguish the collages of hospitalized psychiatric patients from those
      of paired controls, to note whatever descriptive and dynamic features about the
      individual that could be inferred from the collage, and to document what specific
      aspects of the collage were used in drawing the inferences. The raters, on the
      basis of the collage, were not able to distinguish the patients from the controls
      but were able to derive highly accurate inferences. The results were taken to
      indicate that, while the collage is best used as a means of assessing
      psychological processes as contrasted with assigning a diagnosis or predicting
      behavior, more rigorous research is needed to relate collage factors to
      personality factors.

PMID- 384777
TI  - Transmural myocardial infarction with "normal" coronary arteries.

PMID- 384775
TI  - [Cryptococcus neoformans (Sanfelice) Vuillemin 1894 and the epidemiology of
      cryptococcosis].

PMID- 384778
TI  - Endotoxin-induced histamine hypersensitivity in mice. . . a model system for
      byssinosis?

PMID- 384779
TI  - The physiological consequences of wearing industrial respirators: a review.
AB  - The American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) and American Conference of
      Govermental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Respiratory Protective Devices Manual,
      published in 1963, has as its primary source of physiological background the work
      of Silverman and co-workers performed during World War II. The adoption of
      permanent OSHA standards governing work tasks requiring workers to use
      respirators has created a need for further evaluation of the physiological
      effects of wearing a respirator. This review was undertaken to meet the need of
      an in-depth evaluation of the currently available psychophysiological data. It
      was concluded that it was of the utmost importance to develop a physiological and
      psychological medical screening examination to determine the capability of the
      worker to use a respirator.

PMID- 384780
TI  - Industrial hygiene consultants.

PMID- 384781
TI  - Stresses involved in wearing PVC supplied-air suits: a review.
AB  - A side effect of the growth and development of industrial technology is the ever
      increasing number of hostile environments encountered by man. This situation has
      resulted in the development of impermeable clothing as a barrier protection
      against the external environment. Unfortunately, although specific government
      standards concerning the design and engineering requirements of the impermeable
      suit have been stated, little or no standardized evaluation of the majority of
      available suits has been attempted. This review was undertaken to provide an in
      depth summary of the physiological effects of a PVC protective suit while
      working. It was concluded that it was necessary to develop a standardized
      performance test to determine the protective and stressful characteristics of the
      individual manufacturer's designed suit. Recommendations of specific criteria for
      the test were obtained.

PMID- 384782
TI  - Alimentary hypoglycemia: a new appraisal.
AB  - The clinical evaluation and the results of oral glucose tolerance tests in
      patients with alimentary hypoglycemia, reported previously or studied as part of
      our group of 24 patients with this disorder, suggest that alimentary hypoglycemia
      may differ from other reactive hypoglycemias in clinical presentation and
      importance. Unlike other reactive hypoglycemias, alimentary hypoglycemia may be
      associated with severe or permanent neuropsychiatric complications. Subtle,
      "neuroglycopenic" symptoms of hypoglycemia may occur, instead of "typical,"
      "adrenergic" symptoms. Glucose ingestion, by causing early hyperglycemia and
      provoking the release of insulinotropic enteric hormones appears responsible for
      this disorder. Therefore, therapy with diets low in simple sugar, but
      unrestricted in complex carbohydrate and fiber are now advocated.

PMID- 384783
TI  - A comparative study of greek and chinese alchemy.
AB  - According to an herbal cult of immortality in China, about 200 B.C., certain
      plants could make man immortal. Greek alchemy, the earliest record of which dated
      about 200 A.D., presents a similar version, was originally Chinese and was
      introduced by the Arabs who brought herbal drugs of longevity to Alexandria. The
      name of these drugs, Chin-I, dialectal Kim-Iya, was Arabicized as Kimiya and
      transliterated Chemeia by the Copts. Other terms were later influenced by Indians
      (Chumeia, 100 A.D.) and more directly by the Chinese (Chrusozomion, 200 A.D.).
      The 3 terms signify herbal elixirs of gold and the art related to them. Both
      early Chinese and Greek alchemies were not concerned with the making of bullion
      gold. In China the development of alchemy has been ruled by two theories: first,
      as like makes like, a perennial plant can make human life perennial: likewise,
      certain substances can prolong human life as they are rich in Life-force or Soul
      content. From here, Blood was equated to Soul and later Redness to Soul. Jade,
      Cinnabar and eventually gold, more precisely Red-gold or Cinnabar-gold, a
      colloidal gold, became the ideal drug of immortality. Finally, alchemy can be
      defined as the art of making metal colloids as panaceae.

PMID- 384784
TI  - Myelomatous pleural effusion: clinical course and immunologic characterization of
      the pleural fluid cells.
AB  - Multiple myeloma is a disease that infrequently involves nonreticuloendothelial
      tissues and rarely causes pleural effusion. A 59-year-old woman had pleural
      effusion as the major manifestation of multiple myeloma. Light microscopy of her
      pleural fluid with Wright stained preparations showed all cells to be bizarre and
      often multinucleated plasmacytes. Electron microscopy confirmed these results.
      Intracellular immunofluorescence revealed IgG-kappa immunoglobulin (Ig) in
      greater than 90% of these cells. Surface immunofluorescence using anti-Ig sera
      was seen on less than 5% of the pleural fluid cells. 3H leucine incorporation
      into Ig in vitro was measured for these cells, and secretory curves were obtained
      that have the typical secretory kinetics of bone marrow plasmacytes. This
      demonstrates that such cells are viable and are able to synthesize and release
      immunoglobulin. Treatment of our patient with prednisone, melphalan, and
      cyclophosphamide resulted in symptomatic improvement and complete resolution of
      her pleural effusion. Pleural effusion is an unusual but important complication
      of multiple myeloma and does not necessarily carry the grave prognosis implied in
      previous reports.

PMID- 384785
TI  - Current status of the HLA system.

PMID- 384786
TI  - Estrogen therapy of perimenopausal and postmenopausal patients.

PMID- 384788
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: oxolinic acid.

PMID- 384787
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: nalidixic acid.

PMID- 384789
TI  - Gastroenteritis due to enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, and invasive
      Escherichia coli: A review.
AB  - Escherichia coli that produce diarrhea can be divided into three groups: 1)
      enteropathogenic, 2) enterotoxigenic, and 3) enteroinvasive. The mechanism of
      disease production by enteropathogenic E. coli is unknown, but these strains are
      not presently known to be inherently pathogenic, although they may be important
      as a cause of gastroenteritis in infants. The two known mechanisms of disease
      production are elaboration of enterotoxin and mucosal invasion. Heat-labile toxin
      producing E. coli are the main cause of diarrhea in travelers while heat-stable
      toxin-producing E. coli are a cause of scours among new-born swine and cattle.
      Enteroinvasive E. coli have not been shown to be an important cause of diarrhea
      in the United States. Enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, and enteroinvasive E.
      coli that currently are associated with diarrhea worldwide may each consist of
      relatively few serotypes different from those associated with out-breaks of
      diarrhea in the past. This implies a possible new role for sero-typing of E.
      coli.

PMID- 384790
TI  - Determination of serum hCG levels by radioreceptor assay in the clinical
      laboratory.
AB  - The radioreceptorassay (RRA) has been used for measuring human chorionic
      gonadotropin (hCG) in sera from 751 individuals. The RRA is shown to be sensitive
      (98 percent) and specific (99.8 percent) in detecting hCG in a wide variety of
      conditions, including normal pregnancy and threatened or missed abortions. As a
      rapid qualitative or semiquantitative assay for hCG, the RRA is a valuable
      adjunct in the laboratory to less sensitive tests for hCG. Variation among
      different quantitative assays for hCG is examined, and it is concluded that the
      same assay system should be used for monitoring hCG LEvels in a single individual
      over a period of time in order to avoid inconsistent results. Application of the
      quantitative RRA for hCG in detecting the midcycle luteinizing hormone surge in
      infertility is also presented.

PMID- 384791
TI  - An association between chronic eosinophilic pneumonia and histiocytic lymphoma.
AB  - An association between chronic eosinophilic pneumonia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
      previously has not been reported in adults. We describe a woman with chronic
      eosinophilic pneumonia documented by chest roentgenogram, elevated total
      eosinophil count, and transbronchial biopsy demonstrating eosinophilic
      pneumonitis. The illness was controlled with corticosteroids for ten months after
      which time lymphadenopathy appeared and diffuse, histiocytic lymphoma was
      diagnosed.

PMID- 384792
TI  - A short history of human genetics in the USA.
AB  - The practicing physician discovered human genetics primarily as a result of two
      events. The use of the atomic bomb generated a vast amount of attention because
      of the fear of genetic hazards of radiation. Next, the discovery that the Down
      syndrome resulted from the presence of an extra chromosome finally focused the
      vision of the medical profession on human genetics as an area of importance in
      disease. It was also necessary that the erroneous fatalism about the
      impossibility of treating genetic diseases had to diminish before medicine would
      find human genetics attractive for research in therapeutic techniques. All of
      these things have come to pass and human genetics cannot help but enjoy a
      distinguished and extremely useful future.

PMID- 384794
TI  - To honor A. Edward Maumenee.

PMID- 384793
TI  - Medicare: health rights of the elderly.

PMID- 384795
TI  - A. Edward Maumenee--an appreciation.

PMID- 384796
TI  - Contributions of A. Edward Maumenee in the field of retinal and choroidal
      diseases.

PMID- 384798
TI  - Contributions of A. Edward Maumenee to ocular immunology.

PMID- 384797
TI  - The surgery of A. Edward Maumenee.

PMID- 384799
TI  - A. Edward Maumenee all-American ophthalmologist.

PMID- 384800
TI  - Ocular toxoplasmosis in wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus).
AB  - We initiated a pathologic investigation of ocular disease in wallabies. Of 21
      animals examined, the eyes were investigated histologically in 11; in four of
      these animals the brains were also available for section and the sera were
      investigated in three. In ten animals only sera were received. Histologic studies
      showed bilateral or unilateral cataract in five animals. Eight animals, with or
      without cataracts, showed various degrees of keratitis, uveitis,
      choroidoretinitis, or endophthalmitis. In three animals Toxoplasma cysts were
      found within the retina or brain, or both. Of the 13 cases examined serologically
      11 were positive for toxoplasmosis; three reached high titers.

PMID- 384801
TI  - Keratoplasty in Fuchs' dystrophy and bullous keratopathy.
AB  - We studied the results in six cases of penetrating keratoplasty in Fuchs'
      dystrophy and bullous keratopathy. The prognosis has improved considerably in the
      last decade because of the advances and improvements in the fields of anesthesia,
      new drugs, better instrumentation, more refined surgical techniques performed
      under microscopic control, more meticulous selection of the graft, better
      knowledge of biologic mechanisms, and progress in the prevention, diagnosis, and
      management of complications.

PMID- 384802
TI  - Instrumentation and techniques for corneal microsurgery.
AB  - We developed two additions to a new system of microsurgery for corneal cutting
      and grafting: a 10-mm contact lens corneal cutter and a stereotaxic donor disk
      chuck and frame.

PMID- 384803
TI  - Current techniques of adjustable strabismus surgery.
AB  - Adjustable strabismus surgical procedures provide the opportunity to reposition a
      surgically altered muscle position, which is often necessary for nonaverage cases
      of strabismus correction. The usual surgical procedure is extended into the
      postoperative period (same hospitalization) so that the surgeon may
      satisfactorily monitor the total end result (by cover test and rotations) at the
      time of adjustment. Adjustable techniques should be considered whenever a desired
      goal is unlikely to be reached in one surgical session. Recent technical
      improvements allow satisfactory globe position control during the adjustment
      stage for ease of recession or resection adjustment. Globe stabilization is
      attained during surgery and the postoperative adjustment by means of a scleral
      loop handle, placed near the corneoscleral limbus. Millimeters of adjustment are
      easily estimated by means of a sliding suture knot technique.

PMID- 384804
TI  - Maynard C. Wheeler, M.D. 1903-1979.

PMID- 384805
TI  - A decision-making schema for the detection of glaucoma.
AB  - A schema is proposed for management of optometrical patients who may have
      glaucoma or any of 22 risk factors of glaucoma. The assessment system has
      established decision points and management pathways based on risk factors in
      glaucoma which employ only clinical procedures appropriate to current
      optometrical practice. This schema is particularly designed to permit diagnosis
      of early angle-closure glaucoma while the disease is in the symptomless phase,
      prior to chronic elevation of intraocular pressure and the development of damage
      to the optic disc and visual fields. A recommendation is made for inclusion of
      the Van Herick test as routine and in the assessment of patients entering the
      schema. Gonioscopy should form part of the diagnostic workup, but an alternative
      pathway is established for use when this technique is omitted.

PMID- 384806
TI  - A selected review of current retinal research and study.
AB  - This paper presents a digest of 50 retinal research projects reported in one
      British and two American journals from July 1976 through June 1977. The articles
      reviewed report recent developments pertaining to effects of excessive light on
      retinal tissue in newborn rats, pathogenesis of cotton-wool spots, control of the
      blood-retinal barrier in diabetes, infections, macular diseases, variations in
      retinal pigment epithelium, and retinal detachment.

PMID- 384807
TI  - Presentation of Distinguished Service Scroll to Robert E. Bedell by Hubert J.
      Bell.

PMID- 384808
TI  - Presentation of the Albert H. Ketcham Memorial Award to Earl E. Shepard by
      Richard Riedel.

PMID- 384810
TI  - Factors associated with increased dental care utilization in five urban, low
      income areas.
AB  - Survey data were used to measure change in dental utilization in five urban low
      income areas as a result of increased financial (Medicaid) and facility
      (community health centers) access to dental care. The average annual dental visit
      between the baseline and follow-up surveys showed a dramatic increase in four of
      the five survey areas. With the exception of Roxbury, Massachusetts, where the
      rate was already high in the earlier survey, the dental visit rate in the
      remaining areas increased 33 to 80 per cent compared to an increase of only 7 per
      cent nationally between 1969 and 1975. Both CHC and Medicaid programs made
      important contributions to increased dental care. Among persons who saw a dentist
      in the year in these areas, 25 per cent reported CHC as their usual source of
      dental care and 46 per cent reported that their dental care costs in the year
      were borne by Medicaid. In spite of recent increases, however, the average annual
      dental visit rate was only 1.0 in the five areas compared to 1.6 nationally,
      which is 60 per cent higher. The generally low dental utilization levels among
      persons covered by Medicaid or served by CHCs may indicate that much of the
      increased dental utilization which occurred in these areas was limited to taking
      care of existing dental problems while neglecting preventive dental care.

PMID- 384809
TI  - Immunologic reaction of psychotic patients to fractions of gluten.
AB  - Production of a leukocyte migration inhibition factor by peripheral blood
      lymphocytes in response to challenge with gluten fractions was studied in
      hospitalized patients with schizophrenia and other psychoses compared with normal
      individuals and with children and adolescents with celiac disease. The
      schizophrenic and other psychotic patients could be subdivided into two groups,
      one that responded in the leukocyte migration inhibition factor test as the
      celiac patients did and one that responded as the normal control subjects did.
      The psychotic and schizophrenic patients did not show any evidence of
      malabsorption. The authors speculate that gluten may be involved in biological
      processes in the brain in certain psychotic individuals.

PMID- 384811
TI  - Cohort maternal mortality: New York, 1917-1972.
AB  - Data on New York State maternal mortality, 1917-1972, are analyzed and show that
      the cohort patterns of age-specific maternal mortality are mainly a reflection of
      the pattern of period declines in age-specific maternal mortality.

PMID- 384812
TI  - The American Journal of Public Health: 1957-1973.

PMID- 384814
TI  - The American Journal of Public Health: then and now.

PMID- 384813
TI  - On smoking and Samuel Johnson.

PMID- 384815
TI  - Ascaris and growth rates: a randomized trial of treatment.
AB  - Three hundred forty-one Tanzanian preschool children were randomly assigned to
      levamisole or placebo treatment given at three-month intervals. Weights and
      heights were measured at the tri-monthly treatment visits for a period of one
      year. Among the 273 children who were seen and weighed at the one-year follow-up
      visit, the rate of weight gain was 8 per cent greater for those receiving
      levamisole than for placebo-treated controls (p = .06). In 78 children known to
      be infected with Ascaris at baseline, the rate of weight gain was 21 per cent
      greater in children treated with levamisole than in those receiving placebo (p =
      .03). The rate of height gain was no different for treatment and placebo groups.

PMID- 384816
TI  - The role of hemoglobins C, S, and Nbalt in the inhibition of malaria parasite
      development in vitro.
AB  - The host cell competence of hemoglobin C (HbC)-containing erythrocytes for
      Plasmodium falciparum was studied by in vitro culture. HbC homozygous red cells
      did not support the growth of the intracellular parasite. Heterozygous cells,
      however, were competent. In addition, HbC increased the resistance of sicle cell
      hemoglobin (HbS) red cells when present in the double heterozygote, SC, cultured
      at low oxygen tension. This effect most likely resulted from the ability of HbC
      to enhance the sickling of HbS-containing red cells. Oxygenated SC cells were
      indistinguishable from normal and AS cells in host cell competence. Another
      double heterozygote, SNBalt, showed decreased sickling and decreased resistance
      to malaria parasite growth. The evolutionary significance of these results is
      discussed.

PMID- 384817
TI  - Demonstration of dengue antibody complexes on the surface of platelets from
      patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever.
AB  - By the direct immunofluorescent technic, dengue antigen, human immunoglobulins,
      and beta 1C globulin were detectable on the surfaces of platelet suspensions from
      48% of patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever. The percentages of positive
      staining platelets were not related to the severity of thrombocytopenia, which
      was marked on the day after the patient developed shock or subsidence of fever.
      It is suggested that an immunologic mechanism is one of the factors associated
      with the thrombocytopenia caused by increased platelet destruction.

PMID- 384818
TI  - Drug-resistant falciparum malaria among the Mayongong Indians in the Brazilian
      Amazon.
AB  - In April of 1977 an outbreak of falciparum malaria occurred among the Mayongong
      Indians, located at Uauaris in the Territory of Roraima, Brazil. Blood specimens
      from 157 Indians were examined for Plasmodium; 62 were found to be infected. In
      three cases the infection was not cured with chloroquine but responded favorably
      to the drug combination of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine (Fansidar).

PMID- 384820
TI  - Trapezius myocutaneous flap in reconstructive surgery for head and neck cancer:
      an original technique.

PMID- 384819
TI  - Algorithm for nasal reconstruction.

PMID- 384821
TI  - Pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap: a new flap in head and neck
      reconstruction.
AB  - The pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap described by Ariyan has great
      potential in single stage reconstructions of the head and neck. The advantages of
      the flap are greater length, improved vascularity, bulk, and one-stage
      reconstruction of oropharyngeal defects. The flap was used successfully in eight
      patients to reconstruct large defects in the head and neck area. Experience to
      date indicates that this flap has greater versatility than the deltopectoral flap
      in one-stage head and neck reconstructions.

PMID- 384822
TI  - Use of microvascular flaps including free osteocutaneous flaps in reconstruction
      after composite resection for radiation-recurrent oral cancer.
AB  - Fourteen patients underwent microsurgical free flap procedures for reconstruction
      after composite resection of radiation-recurrent oral cancer. The use of attached
      metatarsal bone in nine patients for mandibular reconstruction is in our view a
      significant advance in this field. Two failures occurred, one due to sepsis and
      one to delayed thrombosis. Our experience indicates that this procedure deserves
      a place in the surgical treatment of patients afflicted with oral malignancy.

PMID- 384823
TI  - Reconstruction of radical parotidectomy defects.

PMID- 384824
TI  - Identification of histologically undetectable parathyroid hyperplasia by flow
      cytometry.

PMID- 384826
TI  - [Anterior abdominal wall hernias after obstetrical and gnyecological operations,
      their treatment and the ways for their prevention].

PMID- 384825
TI  - [Morphofunctional changes in inflammation foci in the female genital system].

PMID- 384827
TI  - [Pathogenetic, clinical and diagnostic problems of genital tuberculosis in
      girls].

PMID- 384828
TI  - Hypogonadism and feminization in the male: a triple effect of alcohol.

PMID- 384829
TI  - Experimental fibrogenesis: enhancement by chronic ethanol administration.
AB  - The authors have presented a new, simple, and reproducible model of fibrogenesis
      and have shown that chronic alcohol treatment clearly stimulates the production
      of fibrous tissue in this model.

PMID- 384830
TI  - The photochemical action spectrum of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system.
AB  - The inhibition of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) by carbon
      monoxide (CO) can be reversed by illumination with lights of differing
      wavelengths. The authors determined the efficiency of this reversal as a function
      of the illuminating light. Maximum efficiency was obtained in the wavelength band
      around 440-450 nm, which is near the absorption of the reduced cytochrome-P-450
      carbon monoxide complex. When the experiment was repeated with microsomes
      prepared from ethanol-fed rats, the wavelength for maximum efficiency shifted
      towards higher values.

PMID- 384831
TI  - Effect of disulfiram on cognition, subjective response, and cortical-event
      related potentials in nonalcoholic subjects.
AB  - The effect of 0.5 g of disulfiram per day for 2 wk on a battery of cognitive and
      cortical-event-related potential tasks was studied in healthy, nonalcoholic
      volunteers.

PMID- 384832
TI  - Disulfiram-induced disturbances in hypothalamic-pituitary function.
AB  - This report indicates that disulfiram at clinically useful doses is capable of
      altering the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function of normal men.

PMID- 384833
TI  - The metabolism of zinc and selenium in cirrhotic patients during six weeks of
      zinc ingestion.
AB  - Zinc metabolism in cirrhotic patients was studied, indicating some improvement
      that did not alter the abnormalities of zinc metabolism significantly and showed
      no evidence of correlation of abnormalities with the clinical improvement or lack
      thereof in the patients studied.

PMID- 384834
TI  - Influence of chronic ethanol vapor inhalation on hepatic parenchymal and Kupffer
      cell function.
AB  - This report evaluates the influence of chronic ethanol vapor inhalation on
      various facets of liver function as well as induction of hepatic and pulmonary
      pathology in rats. Chronic ethanol inhalation is associated with minimal hepatic
      dysfunction, but pronounced induction of metabolic tolerance.

PMID- 384835
TI  - Similarity of effects of alcohol and sensory stimulation in post-alcoholics and
      controls.
AB  - Derived from the hypothesis that many alcoholics would experience autonomic
      "arousal" and craving for alcohol under conditions of high sensory stimulation,
      this study does not support prior findings.

PMID- 384836
TI  - Result of a low-cost follow-up study of discharged alcoholics.
AB  - This paper describes a simple procedure for determining which variables in
      treatment programs are related to treatment outcome.

PMID- 384837
TI  - Genetics and alcoholism simulacra.
AB  - The author explores the role of genetic techniques in developing simulacra for
      eventual use as models in alcoholism research.

PMID- 384838
TI  - A method for the determination of "free" acetaldehyde in plasma.
AB  - A new method for measuring "free" acetaldehyde in plasma, the author's procedure
      avoids the precipitation of protein and almost completely eliminates the
      spontaneous formation of acetaldehyde from ethanol.

PMID- 384839
TI  - Abstracts of the Third International Symposium on Alcohol and Aldehyde
      Metabolizing Systems, Addiction Research Foundation, Toronto, Canada, July 13-15,
      1979.

PMID- 384840
TI  - Normocapnic anaesthesia with trichloroethylene for intraocular surgery.
AB  - Measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP) by applanation tonometry in twelve
      patients undergoing lens extraction showed that a normocapnic anaesthetic
      technique using 0.4% trichloroethylene with controlled ventilation of the lungs
      (IPPV) with large tidal volumes (14 ml/kg) reduced IOP by 13--20%. There was only
      a small reduction in arterial pressure. Normocapnia was easy to achieve by use of
      the single-limb co-axial Penlon (Bain type) anaesthetic breathing circuit in
      conjunction with an electrically-driven, small and inexpensive lung ventilator.
      The anaesthetic technique described using trichloroethylene is suitable for lens
      extraction surgery when it is desired to avoid a halothane anaesthetic for any
      reason.

PMID- 384841
TI  - Congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
AB  - A description of the pathology, clinical presentation and management of
      congenital diaphragmatic hernia is given together with the results obtained in
      Newcastle during the last seven years. Some suggestions are made for improved
      management.

PMID- 384842
TI  - [Experimental studies about the origin of the "wedge-blood" in partially
      atelectatic lungs of mongrel dogs (author's transl)].
AB  - We measured in 8 experimental studies the oxygen and carbon dioxide partial
      pressure in systemic arterial, mixed venous and wedge-blood. The results were: 1.
      In healthy mongrel dogs with controlled intermittent and continuous positive
      pressure ventilation (FIO2 0,21 and 1,0) paO2 greater than pwO2 greater than pvO2
      and pwCO2 less than paCO2 less than pvCO2. 2. During experimentally produced left
      sided atelectasis of the lung and positioning of the catheter in the pulmonary
      artery a) in the ventilated lung we found pwO2 greater than paO2 greater than
      pvO2 and pwCO2 less than paCO2 less than pvCO2 b) in the atelectatic lung we
      found paO2 greater than pwO2 greater than pvO2 and paCO2 less than pwCO2 less
      than pvCO2. According to these findings the sample of highly saturated mixed
      venous blood from a catheter in the pulmonary artery should be a hint that
      pulmonary capillary blood is mixed with central venous blood.

PMID- 384843
TI  - [I.M.V.-ventilation-techniques. Special considerations and problems of their
      application (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinical significance of I.M.V.-technique with or without C.P.A.P. are shown.
      The influence of different I.M.V.-technique on spontaneous respiration and lung
      ventilation is analyzed. Patient-synchronized techniques especially S.-I.M.V. or
      E.S.-I.M.V. prooved to be superior. Respiratory-physiological and technical
      recommendation for I.M.V.-arrangements are given and common devices of the
      literature analyzed. By these examples individual as well as commercially
      available devices can be critically evaluated for practical use and safety.

PMID- 384844
TI  - Radioimmunological screening method for specific membrane proteins.

PMID- 384845
TI  - Rapid CsCl gradients using a vertical rotor.

PMID- 384846
TI  - Determination of chromium in biological materials by stable isotope dilution.

PMID- 384847
TI  - Determination of lithium by optically monitored stable isotope dilution.

PMID- 384848
TI  - [Therapy of fungal septicemia and bounds (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors present the results of therapy in 26 cases of fungal septicemia
      occurring in a 2,471 patients population with 169 septicemia, over a 9 year
      period in a surgical intensive care service. An analysis of the etiology,
      clinical and paraclinical factors confirms the notions classically described in
      the literature. Three points are particularly insisted upon: 1) The effectiveness
      of preventive measures; 2) The monitoring of the therapy and its tolerance by
      means of a simple protocol; 3) The eventual possibility of an haematologic
      toxicity by flucytosine, the primary and secondary resistances to this anti
      fungal agent. The strict application of preventive measures seems to reduce the
      incidence of fungal septicemia but not to eradicate them. The prognosis of these
      states remains grave.

PMID- 384850
TI  - PEEP-induced discrepancy between pulmonary arterial wedge pressure and left
      atrial pressure: the effects of controlled vs. spontaneous ventilation and
      compliant vs. noncompliant lungs in the dog.

PMID- 384851
TI  - Instrument sterilization in orthodontic offices.
AB  - 1. Three different quaternary ammonium compound solutions remained bactericidal
      against specific vegetative bacteria in three orthodontic offices over a ten day
      working period. However, no spore formers or viruses were tested. 2. Bacterial
      contaminants were cultured on pliers and scalers at the chair at least once in
      each of three orthodontic offices sampled twice a day for ten working days. 3.
      Sampled chairside instruments wiped with an alcohol sponge only, between
      patients, were contaminated an excessive 32.5% of the time, too frequently to be
      seriously considered for routine disinfection of pliers. 4. Chairside
      instruments, sampled regardless of other means of disinfection or sterilization
      used, were contaminated from 3.5 to 15% of the time. Therefore, storage and
      handling of orthodontic instruments must be evaluated and upgraded to prevent
      recontamination of previously sterilized instruments. 5. Staff personnel need
      courses in sterilization and disinfection procedures to prevent cross
      contamination from patient to patient and to protect themselves. These courses
      should be related specifically to orthodontic practice procedures.

PMID- 384849
TI  - [Anesthesia for primary excision and grafting in the severely burned patient
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Through a retrospective study of 81 anaesthesias for primary excision with
      immediate grafting (performed within the first 72 hours after burning), the
      authors, using in most of the cases an anaesthetic procedure including
      neuroleptanalgesia and nitrous oxyde, with controlled ventilation, tried to
      determine: --the incidence of such a type of anaesthesia on the patient
      condition, --the period during which anaesthetic risk is the least. Studies of
      hemodynamic, respiratory and thermic changes, related with anaesthesia, and a
      study of coagulation changes, related with surgical procedure, have been
      performed. It appears that neuroleptanalgesia is a method available for primary
      excision with immediate grafting and that the elective period for anaesthesia and
      surgical procedure is situated within 12 hours after burning.

PMID- 384852
TI  - Thomas J. Kelley (1922--1979).

PMID- 384853
TI  - The functional development of the respiratory system from the period of gestation
      to adulthood.

PMID- 384854
TI  - Preoperative pulmonary function evaluation and postoperative respiratory care.

PMID- 384855
TI  - The award of the Trudeau Medal for 1979.

PMID- 384856
TI  - The award of the Will Ross Medal for 1979.

PMID- 384857
TI  - Candida tropicalis: a major pathogen in immunocompromised patients.
AB  - Of 89 consecutive patients undergoing treatment for hematologic malignancies or
      undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, 60 were colonized with Candida
      albicans and 25 with C. tropicalis. However, of the 18 disseminated infections
      caused by Candida species, 15 infections in 14 patients were caused by C.
      tropicalis and only three infections in three patients by C. albicans. The
      setting in which the infection occurred, skin lesions, polyarthralgias, or
      polymyalgias, and the unexplained deterioration of renal function were features
      suggestive of the diagnosis. Defervescence occurred in 10 of the 14 treated
      patients with C. tropicalis infections in 1 to 6 d (mean, 2.5 d) after initiation
      of therapy, even though all continued to be granulocytopenic. Resolution occurred
      in eight of the 15 C. tropicalis infections. In one case outcome was
      indeterminate, four patients died due to the infection, and two died from other
      causes but with the infection unresolved.

PMID- 384858
TI  - Recurrent urinary tract infections in men. Characteristics and response to
      therapy.
AB  - All men with recurrent urinary tract infections entered into a study had a
      positive antibody-coated bacteria test, and 52% had evidence for prostate
      infection. Escherichia coli infection was present in 74% and urinary tract
      symptoms in 57% of those randomized. Thirty-eight patients were randomized in a
      double-blind clinical trial to receive either 10d of treatment with
      trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or a 12-week course of the drug. The cure rate in
      patients receiving 12 weeks of therapy (nine of 15) was higher than that in
      patients receiving a single 10-d course (three of 15); difference was marginally
      significant (P = 0.06). Recurrences were usually with the same organism, and most
      (78%) occurred within 4 weeks of discontinuing therapy. This study indicates that
      a standard 10-d course of therapy usually fails to cure men with recurrent
      urinary tract infections with a positive antibody-coated bacteria test.

PMID- 384859
TI  - Hyperlipidemia after renal transplantation: natural history and pathophysiology.
AB  - Twenty-five patients had their lipid profile monitored sequentially for up to 3
      years post-transplant. All patients had a good graft function throughout the
      study. Forty-four percent remained hypertriglyceridemic. The lipid level was not
      due to diet or excessive weight gain. Triglyceride turnover studies showed that
      overproduction was the predominant defect in patients receiving massive steroids
      to reverse rejection and in stable long-term recipients. Repeat metabolic
      investigations in the latter group, after changing to alternate-day, equal-dose
      steroid therapy showed improvement in both the absolute triglyceride
      concentration and the triglyceride production rate. The correlation observed
      between basal insulin level and triglyceride concentration suggests the drug may
      act through this hormone, stimulating hepatic triglyceride production. A change
      to alternate-day steroid therapy should be considered in post-transplant patients
      who are hyperlipemic while receiving minimal daily prednisone therapy.

PMID- 384861
TI  - Neurology: an annotated bibliography of recent literature. References to journal
      articles and other papers.

PMID- 384860
TI  - Molecular genetics of human hemoglobin synthesis.
AB  - Molecular analysis of normal and abnormal human globin genes and their gene
      products has recently provided information on the precise genetic events that
      result in hemoglobinopathies. In the case of structurally abnormal hemoglobins,
      the following mechanisms can be invoked: single nucleotide base substitutions
      leading to amino acid replacement or chain termination variants; nucleotide
      deletions (or additions) leading to deletion and frameshift variants; and
      nonhomologous crossing over leading to the production of fused globin chains. The
      molecular basis of the thalassemia syndromes, disorders characterized by absent
      or decreased synthesis of alpha- or beta-globin chains, is quite heterogeneous.
      In some cases globin gene deletions have been demonstrated; whereas in others
      there is probably either a defect in globin gene transcription or a defect in
      nuclear globin messenger RNA (mRNA) processing, mRNA transport or globin mRNA
      stability. In one form of beta(0)-thalassemia a nonsense mutation has recently
      been demonstrated, and other cases are also associated with some as yet
      undetermined functional abnormality of beta-globin mRNA.

PMID- 384862
TI  - [Phage-typing modifications induced by in vitro transfer of R plasmids. II. --
      Phage-typing of Shigella sonnei (author's transl)].
AB  - Forty-two antibiotic resistance plasmids and twelve metabolic plasmids have been
      transferred to a strain of Shigella sonnei. The phage-typing modifications have
      been investigated after transfer of the different above described plasmids.
      Eleven of the R plasmids and five of the metabolic plasmids affect phage
      sensitivity. These modifications are not specific for any compatibility group.

PMID- 384863
TI  - Serological diagnosis of Mediterranean spotted fever.
AB  - Complement fixation and indirect micro-immunofluorescence (IF) tests were
      compared for specificity and sensitivity in detection of antibodies against
      Rickettsia conorii, in acute and convalescent human sera. Purified particulate
      rickettsial antigens were used. Good agreement between these two tests was found.
      Use of specific anti-IgG and anti-IgM sera in parallel IF tests made it possible
      to differentiate between recent and past infections.

PMID- 384864
TI  - [The various functions of steroids on the yeast metabolism in grape must during
      fermentation: the notion of survival factor (author's transl)].
AB  - The physiological effects of steroids supplied to the yeasts in grape must is
      complicated. These substances may function as inhibitors, as growth factors or
      survival factors. The steroids have a "survival factor" action when they act on
      aerobically cultivated yeasts, fermenting under anaerobic conditions, in grape
      must of high sugar concentration. In this case, the substances have no effect on
      the cellular multiplication but they maintain viability and fermentation activity
      in the resting cells. Consequently, a greater quantity of sugar is consumed and
      the content of secondary products is modified by the end of the fermentation.
      Certain growth conditions during fermentation affect the survival factor action
      of steroids: high temperature, low pH, vitamin deficiency, low amount of
      inoculum, insufficient aeration, excessive sugar concentration.

PMID- 384865
TI  - [Numeration of bacteria in seawater: variability and dubiousness (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Authors tried to determine some factors of incertitude in the anlaysis of the
      bacterial contamination of seawater. Such analysis depends on the reliability of
      the methods used for bacterial numeration, and on the heterogeneity of water in
      the investigated area. The general numeration of organisms (GNO) and the
      numeration of coliforms (NC) were taken into account. The turbidity of the
      sample, and the operator's manner were shown to be factors of variation for the
      GNO. An interaction between the operator and the amount of the anlaysed sample
      seemed to influence NC. In a natural environment, variations with time were the
      most important. They were partly due to hydrological and meteorological
      fluctuations, but sometimes seemed to be random. During a day cycle, the
      bacterial contamination trended to decrease when the solar radiance was maximum.
      Influence of short scale variations in the location of sampling was generally
      random, yet with a slight increase of contamination in the more stagnant waters.

PMID- 384866
TI  - [Micromethod for rabies antibody detection by immunoenzymatic assay with
      Staphylococcus protein A (author's transl)].
AB  - The rabies virus and its glycoprotein are used as antigens in a
      microimmunoenzymatic assay (IEA). Human rabies antibodies are detected and
      titrated using anti-human antibodies and staphylococcus protein A conjugated to
      peroxidase. Several mammal antirabies sera are tested by this method with protein
      A. The results are compared to those obtained by seroneutralization in mice,
      which is the standard method for rabies antibody detection.

PMID- 384867
TI  - [Mrs. J. Trefouel (1892-1978)].

PMID- 384868
TI  - [Theoretical analysis of potential variations of "Escherichia coli" K12 cultures
      in presence of an electron carrier (author's transl)].
AB  - Oxygen consumption and reductive hydrogenation of lipoic acid, linked to the
      exponential growth of Escherichia coli in a "minimal" medium containing a non
      limiting amount of glucose, produce reproducible and intelligible variations of
      the electric potential between a gold electrode and a reference electrode. A
      simple quasi-stationary mathematical model leads to analytical expressions of the
      electric potential in function of the experimental conditions and of time. The
      effects of active or passive transport of lipoic acid are distinguishable. An
      experimental method results in detecting and following bacterial activity.

PMID- 384869
TI  - [Risk of contamination by pipetting bacterial culture broth with "Pasteur
      pipettes" (author's transl)].
AB  - Our experiments have shown that the cotton plug located at the top end of a
      "Pasteur pipette" allows aerosol to escape upon aspiration of a bacterial culture
      broth and may be the cause of contamination. In the following, we propose the use
      of a bacteriological filter system which insures greater safety.

PMID- 384870
TI  - [Production of interferon after infection by various doses of "Plasmodium
      berghei" in mice (author's transl)].
AB  - Groups of mice were inoculated with either low or high intraperitoneal doses of
      Plasmodium berghei infected erythrocytes (PIE). The course of infection was
      observed daily by counting new PIE which appeared in the red blood cells (RBC) of
      infected mice. At the same time, circulating interferon (IF) was tested. When low
      doses of infecting PIE were used (400 per mouse), circulating IF was first
      detected on the 5th day after inoculation. It increased to a maximal rate, when
      5% of RBC were affected. It disappeared on the 8th day despite of a continuous
      rise of PIE. With high doses of PIE (60,000 per mouse), IF was detected on the
      3rd day, when only 0.5% of RBC were parasitized. The maximal rate was observed on
      the 5th day when 20% of the RBC were affected. It disappeared on the 7th day,
      though the PIE rate would continue to rise. Treatment of mice by chloroquine
      (0.01 per g), at the time of first PIE appearance after Plasmodium infection,
      rapidly reduced the amount of PIE. In this case, no IF production was observed.
      Splenectomy resulted in an increased resistance of mice to the lethal effect of
      Plasmodium infection. IF production in such splenectomized mice was less
      important than in control. It was concluded that P. berghei was a good inducer of
      circulating IF at the beginning of the active disease, soon after infection. The
      fact was proven by the striking lowering effect of chloroquine and splenectomy
      that both reduced Plasmodium development and IF production.

PMID- 384871
TI  - Bilateral optic neuropathy due to combined ethambutol and isoniazid treatment.
AB  - The case of a 40-year-old patient who underwent an unsuccessful cadaver kidney
      transplantation and was treated with ethambutol and isoniazid is reported. A
      bilateral retrobulbar neuropathy with an unusual central bitemporal hemianopic
      scotoma was found. Ethambutol was stopped and only small improvement of the
      visual acuity followed. Isoniazid was discontinued later, followed by a dramatic
      improvement in the visual acuity. The hazards of optic nerve toxicity due to
      ethambutol are known. We emphasize the potential danger in the use of ethambutol
      and isoniazid.

PMID- 384872
TI  - [Effect of BCG endotoxin in hyperpigmentation with hypersideremia].

PMID- 384874
TI  - [Presidential address. Societe francaise de Dermatologie et de Syphiligraphie.
      Paris meeting, 12 October 1978].

PMID- 384873
TI  - [Genetics of hereditary cutaneous diseases associated with digestive tract
      involvement].
AB  - Most of cutaneous hereditary diseases are associated with digestive symptoms but
      only four groups have a predominated digestive symptomatology: I. Hereditary
      disease with intestinal polyposis. II. Vascular dysplasias with intestinal
      haemorrhage. III. Connective tissue discover in hereditary diseases. IV.
      Acrodermatitis enteropathica with diarrhoea. Though very different with one
      another, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and Gardner's syndrome are transmitted according
      to autosomal dominant trait. Only bi- or unigenic origin is still controversed.
      Rendu-Osler's disease and blue rubber bled naevus also transmit according to
      autosomal dominant trait. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum is very likely transmitted
      according to autosomal recessivity. But the main forms of Ehlers-Danlos disease
      are autosomal dominant conditions, the other form being either autosomal
      recessive or sex-linked (type V). Acrodermatitis enteropathica is transmitted
      according to autosomal recessivity but the gene has a very variable penetrance so
      that the mutations are very common.

PMID- 384875
TI  - [Professor Craps (1893-1978)].

PMID- 384876
TI  - [Professor Kalman Kiraly (1919-1978)].

PMID- 384878
TI  - [Bowen disease of the nail apparatus. Report of 5 cases and review of the 20
      cases of the literature (author's transl)].
AB  - Five cases of Bowen disease of the nail apparatus were studied and the 20 cases
      published to date reviewed. The lesion was characterized by either periungual
      redness with scaling and erosions, whitish cuticle, hyperkeratotic or
      papilomatous process, fissure or crusted ulcer in the lateral nail fold or the
      nail bed with eventual partial or total destruction of the nail plate and
      sometimes soreness on the pressure. The key of the diagnosis is the histological
      picture, identical with that of Bowen diseases of other skin areas. Among the 25
      cases, Bowen disease was found mainly in males (20 out of 25 patients) on the
      left fingers (17 out of 25 finger lesions) with particular involvement of the
      1st, 2nd, 3rd finger nail. Hallux was concerned twice. The clinical picture can
      be protean and mimic verrucae, onychomycosis, paronychia, eczema, pyogenic
      granuloma, verrucous tuberculosis, subungual exostosis, glomus tumor, dermatitis
      vegetans, amelanotic malignant melanoma, kerato-acanthoma and of course squamous
      cell carcinoma. Treatment of choice is complete removal of the tumor by plastic
      surgery otherwise microscopically controlled excision following chemical fixation
      (Mohs) or fresh tissue technique.

PMID- 384879
TI  - [A case of chronic prurigo, localized pemphigoid and toxoplasmosis : pathogenic
      hypothesis].

PMID- 384877
TI  - [Spectacle-frame acanthoma. Review of the literature and histopathological
      diagnosis versus chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis (author's transl)].
AB  - Five cases of spectacle-frame acanthoma are reported; four were retro-auricular
      (three unilateral; one bilateral) and one was present on the left side of the
      nose. Clinical aspects of the lesions are described by the light of all the other
      cases that have been previously reported in the literature. Histopathological
      features are compared to those encountered in chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis
      for which a frictional origin may also be suspected. In the vast majority of
      cases, spontaneous resolution is obtained when responsible spectacle frames are
      removed whereas a few lesions persist indefinitely despite of the fact that
      corrective measures are applied, on the contrary to what has been reported in
      previous papers. Apart from removing spectacles, these few cases needed surgical
      excision for a complete cure. Anatomo-clinical confrontations seem to indicate
      that those persistent lesions are completely fissured acanthomas.

PMID- 384881
TI  - [Nucleolar, homogeneous and peripheral fluorescence of epidermal nuclei in direct
      immunofluorescence: 4 cases (author's transl)].
AB  - Epidermal nucleolar IgG deposition on direct immunofluorescence of covered normal
      skin was found in two patients with scleroderma and high serum concentrations of
      antibody to nucleolar antigen. Epidermal homogeneous and peripheral IgG
      deposition was also observed in two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus,
      antinuclear antibody of homogeneous staining pattern, but without antibody to
      extractable nuclear antigen. Epidermal nuclear IgG deposition in a speckled,
      nucleolar, homogeneous or peripheral pattern appears to correlate with high titer
      serum antinuclear antibody giving on immunofluorescence the same staining
      pattern. These immunopathologic findings cannot be considered as being specific
      of a subset of connective tissue disease.

PMID- 384882
TI  - [Visceral mycosis of tropical freshwater fishes (author's transl)].
AB  - Fourteen cases of a systemic mycosis in ornamental fresh-water tropical fishes
      are recorded. Clinical signs, cystic lesions in the liver and spleen, recall
      those of an infection by the fungus Ichthyophonus, or Ichthyosporidium hoferi.
      The possibility that the fresh-water fishes' parasite might be of a different
      species is discussed. Morphological aspects of the yeast-like fungus in culture
      are described.

PMID- 384880
TI  - [Cutaneous immunofluorescence: value of liquid fixation with ammonium sulfate (B
      Michel and coll.)].

PMID- 384883
TI  - Clinical implications of cell function in osteogenesis. A reappraisal of bone
      graft surgery.
AB  - Although fresh cancellous bone autografts are considered to be the best material
      for clinical bone grafting, there are times when there is insufficient, or it is
      undesirable to use this source, for the bone replacement required. There is a
      need for a 'bone bank'. On the basis of printed reports, clinical observation,
      and experimental studies it is argued that bone formation can be stimulated and
      controlled using easily prepared and stored 'bone-bank' materials in combination
      with living cells from the recipient requiring bone formation.

PMID- 384884
TI  - The muscle content and contractile capability of the common bile duct.
AB  - The supraduodenal portion of the human and canine common bile duct has been shown
      by indirect immunofluorescent staining with anti-actin sera to contain scattered
      bundles of smooth muscle arranged predominantly in a longitudinal direction with
      respect to the axis of the bile duct. Isolated strips of canine common bile duct
      in vitro can contact in response to stimulation with cholecystokinin. The force
      of contraction in a longitudinal direction is about three times that in a
      transverse direction but only 3% of that produced by isolated gallbladder strips.
      There appears to be a roughly proportional relationship between the amount of
      muscle demonstrated and the force of contraction in response to cholecystokinin.

PMID- 384885
TI  - Hunterian oration, 1979. Some controversial aspects of John Hunter's life and
      work.

PMID- 384886
TI  - A portrait of Thomas Hollier, Pepys's surgeon.

PMID- 384887
TI  - [Pharmacological agents and radiological examination of the colon (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 384888
TI  - [The difficult treatment of trochanteric sloughs (author's transl)].

PMID- 384889
TI  - [Alopecia and skin grafts (author's transl)].

PMID- 384890
TI  - [Compound grafts in laryngeal operations (author's transl)].

PMID- 384891
TI  - [A free dorsalis pedis transplant, with nerves and blood vessels, to the hand of
      a 4-year-old child. Results after one year (author's transl)].

PMID- 384892
TI  - [Experimental protective action of kanamycin, ampicillin and their combination
      with methyluracil and pyrogenal].
AB  - Efficacy of kanamycin, ampicillin and their combinations with methyluracyl and
      pyrogenal in experimental Coli infections was studied. The antibiotics were
      administered an hour after the infection. Methyluracyl and pyrogenal were used
      according to 2 schemes. Scheme No. I: the drug is used daily for 7 days in
      increasing doses, the last dose is administered 24 hours before the infection.
      Scheme No. 2: the drug is used once at the moment of the infection. The
      methyluracyl doses were: 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 mg and 5 mg and 5 mg per a mouse during
      the following 4 days. The pyrrogenal doses were: 5, 10, 15, 25, 30 and 35 minimum
      pyrogenic doses. 5 mg of methyluracyl and 35 minimum pyrogenic doses of pyrogenal
      were used according to scheme No. 2. The most pronounced increase in the efficacy
      of kanamycin, ampicillin and their combination was observed in the animals
      treated simultaneously with methyluracyl and pyrogenal according to scheme No. 1.
      The efficacy of kanamycin and ampicillin increased 3 and 2.68 times respectively.
      ED50 of kanamycin and ampicillin used in combination in the animals treated with
      methyluracyl and pyrogenal was lowered 4 and 2.9 times respectively as compared
      to that in the animal groups treated only with the antibiotic combination and 21
      and 15.2 times respectively when the antibiotics were used alone. Sanation of the
      animal organs was also rather successful. A single administration of methyluracyl
      and pyrogenal simultaneously with the infection (scheme No. 2) had a lower effect
      on the efficacy.

PMID- 384893
TI  - [Effect of prodigiozan and pyrimidine derivatives on the effectiveness of the
      antibiotic therapy of experimental infections].
AB  - The effect of prodigiozan and pyrimidine derivatives, such as methyluracyl,
      oxymetacyl and 2-methyl-4-amino-6-hydroxypyrimidine on the efficiency of
      antibiotic therapy of experimental infections caused by Staph. aures and E. Coli
      under conditions of immune depression due to levomycetin, prednisolone, 6
      mercaptopurine and ionizing radiation was studied. The effect of prodigiozan on
      the efficiency of the antibiotic treatment of staphylococcal infection in the
      presence of the immune depression due to 6-mercatopurine, levomycetin and
      prednisolone was higher than that of pyrimidines. The combined use of prodigiozan
      and pyrimidines usually was not more effective than the use of every drug alone.
      The efficiency of the drugs in radiation disease was the same. After prednisolone
      administration prodigiozan increased the host resistance to the infection without
      the antibiotic use.

PMID- 384894
TI  - [Results of the experimental study of interferon inducers].

PMID- 384895
TI  - Importance of medium in demonstrating penicillin tolerance by group B
      streptococci.
AB  - A total of 30 clinical isolates of group B streptococci were studied for
      penicillin tolerance in vitro. Minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations
      of penicillin were determined simultaneously in three test media which have been
      used for group B streptococci, tryptose phosphate, Mueller-Hinton, and Todd
      Hewitt broths, using a logarithmic-phase inoculum of 10(5) colony-forming units
      per ml. Minimal inhibitory concentrations in the three media did not differ
      significantly. However, minimal bactericidal concentrations were significantly
      higher in tryptose phosphate broth (mean, 1.04 mug/ml) than in Mueller-Hinton
      broth (0.22 mug/ml) or Todd-Hewitt broth (0.15 mug/ml). Similarly, ratios of
      minimal bactericidal to minimal inhibitory concentrations were significantly
      greater in tryptose phosphate broth than in Mueller-Hinton or Todd-Hewitt broth.
      After incubation in tryptose phosphate broth for an additional 24 h, the minimal
      bactericidal concentration consistently fell to levels which were only twice or
      equal to the minimal inhibitory concentration. This study illustrates the
      importance of the medium in the demonstration of penicillin tolerance and of
      controlling laboratory variables in the susceptibility testing of group B
      streptococci with penicillin.

PMID- 384896
TI  - Persistence of plasmid-carrying tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli in a
      married couple, one of whom was receiving antibiotics.
AB  - This paper describes an extension to an earlier account of the coliform flora
      carried by a married couple, one of whom was taking tetracycline for prolonged
      periods. The latter phase of this study was notable for the following: first,
      certain tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli O antigen types persisted in one
      of the participants for several weeks after tetracycline was withdrawn; second, a
      course of ampicillin led to replacement of the tetracycline-resistant flora by
      one that was ampicillin resistant, but the end of the ampicillin course led to
      the reappearance of the tetracycline-resistant line, even though no tetracycline
      was being taken; and third, the tetracycline-sensitive O75 E. coli, which
      appeared toward the end of the survey, had not lost their plasmid but carried a
      derivative in which the tetracycline resistance gene(s) had been inactivated by
      the insertion of an extra piece of deoxyribonucleic acid with a molecular weight
      of about 1 megadalton.

PMID- 384898
TI  - Directory of specialty nursing courses: OR.

PMID- 384897
TI  - Decrease of drug resistance in Salmonella in the Netherlands.
AB  - Since 1974, tetracycline resistance in salmonellae of human and porcine origin
      has decreased nation-wide in The Netherlands. This decrease has coincided with
      the ban on incorporation of tetracycline in animal feeds.

PMID- 384899
TI  - Comparison of EC broth and medium A-1 for the recovery of Escherichia coli from
      frozen shucked snow crab.
AB  - Two variations of the multiple-tube fermentation technique were used to enumerate
      fecal coliforms in commercially processed, frozen crab meat. These were the EC
      confirmation test and a more rapid method that requires medium A-1. The method
      with medium A-1 was more specific than the EC confirmation test for detecting
      Escherichia coli type 1. E. coli was isolated from 84% of the positive medium A-1
      tubes, whereas it was isolated from only 64% of the positive tubes of EC broth.
      When samples of crab meat were inoculated with known amounts of E. coli, better
      estimates of the known numbers were obtained by the medium A-1 method. Several
      species of nonfecal coliforms were isolated from cultures in EC broth. These
      belonged to the genera Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, and Serratia.
      Apparently these strains were naturally adapted to growth at an elevated
      temperature because the majority were able to grow at 44.5 degrees C when
      retested in EC broth. Fewer species of nonfecal coliforms were isolated from
      medium A-1. Those that were isolated belonged to the genera Citrobacter and
      Enterobacter.

PMID- 384900
TI  - Evidence that bacteria can form new cells in airborne particles.
AB  - Serratia marcescens incubated for 8 h at 31 degrees C in a chemically defined
      medium contained in shake flasks was aerosolized into rotating-drum aerosol
      chambers at 30 degrees C and saturated humidity. Cells furnished tryptone (Difco)
      and glycerol just before aerosolization increased (in viable numbers and
      countable cells) almost twofold within 1 to 2 h after becoming airborne, whereas
      cells not furnished additional tryptone decreased in viable numbers at a faster
      rate than the number of particles removed by gravitational settling. Limited
      tests with a Coulter Counter showed that cell volume changes occurred in growing
      cells that did not occur in the nongrowing population.

PMID- 384901
TI  - Comparison of Limulus assay, standard plate count, and total coliform count for
      microbiological assessment of renovated wastewater.
AB  - The Limulus endotoxin assay was compared to the standard plate count and total
      coliform count for assessment of the bacteriological quality of reclaimed
      wastewater. A total of 48 water samples from an advanced waste treatment plant in
      Dallas, Tex. were examined by the three techniques. Limulus assays were
      technically simpler to perform and provided results much sooner than conventional
      culture methods. However, the endotoxin values did not correlate extremely well
      with determinations of viable bacterial numbers. This lack of correlation may
      have been due to alterations in the normal ratio of viable gram-negative cells to
      endotoxin caused by water reclamation procedures.

PMID- 384902
TI  - Repair detection procedure for enumeration of fecal coliforms and enterococci
      from seafoods and marine environments.
AB  - The repair detection procedure of Speck et al. (Appl. Microbiol. 29:549-550,
      1975) was adapted for the enumeration of coliforms, fecal coliforms, and
      enterococci in seafood and environmental samples. Samples were pour plated with
      Trypticase soy agar, followed by a 1- to 2-h incubation to effect repair; the
      plates were then overlaid with the selective medium and incubated. Violet red
      bile agar and an incubation temperature of 45 degrees C were used as the
      selective conditions for fecal coliforms, and KF streptococcal agar was used for
      the enumeration of enterococci. The method was more efficient than the standard
      most-probable-number method for fecal coliform enumeration and also allowed
      enumeration of the injured cells, which might have remained undetected when
      selective medium in the most-probable-number method was used. The repair
      detection method effectively recovered the injured portion of the population of
      enterococci capable of growing on KF streptococcal agar. The repair enumeration
      method was not suitable for coliforms in marine samples because associative
      marine bacteria mimicked coliforms in violet red bile agar plates incubated at 35
      degrees C. The marine bacteria did not grow at 45 degrees C and therefore did not
      interfere with fecal coliform enumeration.

PMID- 384903
TI  - Effect of reducing agents on oxidation-reduction potential and the outgrowth of
      Clostridium botulinum type E spores.
AB  - Oxidation-reduction potential (Eh) levels were measured and standardized to pH
      (Eh7) for Trypticase soy broth containing various concentrations of reducing
      agents. Prereduced Trypticase soy broth with no added reducing agents exhibited a
      potential of -141 mV. Ascorbic acid at 0.2 to 0.005% and sodium thioglycolate at
      concentrations below 0.05% produced an Eh7 higher than the prereduced Trypticase
      soy broth containing no added reducing agents. The addition of cysteine
      hydrochloride,2-mercaptoethanol, and sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate to
      prereduced Trypticase soy broth resulted in a reduction of Eh7 compared to the
      system without added reducing agents. The order of relative reducing intensity
      (from highest to lowest) for the reducing agents when comparing molar
      concentration was: sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate,2-mercaptoethanol, cysteine
      hydrochloride, sodium thioglycolate, and ascorbic acid. Optimal growth of the
      test organism occurred at low Eh7 and low concentration of the reducing agents. A
      direct correlation existed between growth of the test organism and -Eh7 x -log
      concentration of the reducing agent.

PMID- 384904
TI  - Sodium nitrite and sorbic acid effects on Clostridium botulinum spore germination
      and total microbial growth in chicken frankfurter emulsions during temperature
      abuse.
AB  - Samples of (i) a control or of (ii) sodium nitrite-containing or (iii) sorbic
      acid-containing, mechanically deboned chicken meat frankfurter-type emulsions
      inoculated with Clostridium botulinum spores, or a combination of ii and iii,
      were temperature abuse at 27 degrees C. Spore germination and total microbial
      growth were followed and examined at specified times and until toxic samples were
      detected. The spores germinated within 3 days in both control and nitrite (20, 40
      and 156 micrograms/g) treatments. Sorbic acid (0.2%) alone or in combination with
      nitrite (20, 40, and 156 micrograms/g) significantly (P less than 0.05) inhibited
      spore germinations. No significant germination was recorded until toxic samples
      were detected. A much longer incubation period was necessary for toxin to be
      formed in nitrite-sorbic acid combination treatments as contrasted with controls
      or nitrite and sorbic acid used individually. Total growth was not affected by
      the presence of nitrite, whereas sorbic acid appeared to depress it. Possible
      mechanisms explaining the effects of nitrite and sorbic acid on spore germination
      and growth are postulated.

PMID- 384905
TI  - Mutagenic activity of Fusarium moniliforme isolates in the Salmonella typhimurium
      assay.
AB  - A total of 33 isolates of Fusarium moniliforme from several food or feed crops
      were grown on sterile cracked corn, and chloroform-isopropanol extracts were
      assayed for mutagenic activity in the Salmonella typhimurium-microsome system by
      using tester strain TA98 or TA100 or both. Extracts of 21 (64%) of the isolates
      assayed against TA100 were mutagenic. Activities of seven of these extracts were
      increased markedly with incorporation of the liver homogenate (S-9) into the
      assay. Seven (33%) of the isolates assayed against TA98 were weakly active, with
      the liver homogenate having little effect on reversion rates.

PMID- 384906
TI  - Comparison of bacterial populations of the pig cecum and colon based upon
      enumeration with specific energy sources.
AB  - Concentrations of bacteria in the ceca and colons of pigs were measured by
      determinations of colony counts on rumen fluid-based media in anaerobic roll
      tubes. With our most complete medium (medium CCA), the mean colony count of cecal
      samples from 20 pigs was 2.37 X 10(10) +/- 1.0 X 10(10) (+/- standard
      deviation)/g (wet weight). The mean number of bacteria attached to or associated
      with cecal epithelial tissues from three pigs on medium CCA was 2.67 X 10(7) +/-
      0.81 X 10(7)/cm2 of tissue. The proportions of gut bacterial populations able to
      use various energy substrates were estimated on the basis of relative colony
      counts. The following substrates are listed in descending order of their capacity
      to support growth of cecal bacteria: glucose, starch, cellobiose, xylose,
      Trypticase, gastric mucin from swine, mannitol, glycerol, and lactate. The effect
      of diet upon this distribution was not examined. The relative proportions of
      bacteria from a given population that were able to grow on various selective
      media were used as population profiles. Comparisons of populations in this way
      indicated that differences could be detected between (i) populations from the
      cecum of littermate pigs, (ii) populations from the cecum and colon of the same
      pig, and (iii) populations in the lumen of the cecum as compared with populations
      associated with cecal mucosa.

PMID- 384907
TI  - Propagation of ribonucleic acid coliphages in gnotobiotic mice.
AB  - To clarify the propagation cycle of bacteriophages in their natural habitats, we
      tested whether animals could support ribonucleic acid (RNA) phage propagation in
      their intestines, using germfree mice as the test animal. Propagation of four
      different antigenic types of RNA phages was tested. No detectable propagation or
      colonization of RNA phages was observed either in germfree mice or in gnotobiotic
      mice infected with the F- strain of Escherichia coli. Propagation or colonization
      was observed when RNA phages were orally introduced into gnotobiotic mice
      harboring the F+ or F' strain of E. coli. These results were consistent with data
      for in vitro propagation experiments. Fecal titers of phages were monitored over
      24 to 98 days and were found to vary from 10(5) to 10(11) plaque-forming units
      per g of feces. Streptomycin administration gradually led to the disappearance of
      bacteria and, concomitantly, the RNA phages. Phages recovered from gnotobiotic
      mice feces included some of novel antigenic types. The bacterial isolates
      recovered from gnotobiotic mice harboring F+ bacteria included the original F+
      strain, strains which had become F-, and some which had become inefficient hosts
      for the propagation of RNA phages.

PMID- 384908
TI  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Clostridium botulinum type E
      toxin.
AB  - The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the "double-sandwich" technique was
      utilized to determine Clostridium botulinum type E toxin. With this technique,
      about 80 mouse intraperitoneal 50% lethal doses of toxin could be detected. Cross
      reaction was hardly observed with C. botulinum type A and B toxins. No cross
      reaction was observed with culture supernatants of C. botulinum type C or other
      Clostridium strains. In all probability this was due to the high specificity of
      the antiserum prepared aginst the toxic component of type E toxin.

PMID- 384910
TI  - Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from nonepidemic-related aquatic habitats.
AB  - Continuous centrifugation of large volumes of water from natural southeastern
      lakes allowed quantitative detection of Legionella pneumophila by direct
      immunofluorescent staining. Positive samples were injected intraperitoneally into
      guinea pigs, and the L. pneumophila were isolated and identified by their
      morphological, cultural, physiological, and serological characteristics.

PMID- 384909
TI  - New prodigiosin-like pigment from Alteromonas rubra.
AB  - The red prodigiosin-like pigment from Alteromonas rubra was shown to be a mixture
      of prodigiosin (pigment 1) and a new cyclic isomer (pigment 2). The new structure
      was elucidated by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Careful
      examinations of the prodigiosins produced by Serratia marcescens, Vibrio
      psychoerythrus, and an unidentified red bacterium (LL-100-6) failed to disclose
      any of the new pigment, pigment 2.

PMID- 384911
TI  - List of bibliographic references collected from 1 January to 30 June 1978. II.

PMID- 384912
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Jean van Beneden; 1898-1978].

PMID- 384913
TI  - [Geographic distribution of biotypes of Salmonella typhimurium var. copenhagen in
      Belgium].

PMID- 384914
TI  - [Fecal pollution and occurrence of Salmonella in river waters].

PMID- 384915
TI  - [List of bibliographic references collected from 1 January till 30 June 1978. 3].

PMID- 384916
TI  - The relation between activity and zinc and chloride binding of Escherichia coli
      alkaline phosphatase.

PMID- 384917
TI  - Bullous dermatosis and systemic lupus erythematosus in a 15-year-old boy.
AB  - A 15-year-old boy had a bullous eruption suggestive of bullous pemphigoid and
      established systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Direct immunofluorescence studies
      of the bullae and adjacent skin revealed the linear deposition of IgG and
      complement localized to the basement membrane zone. Indirect immunofluorescence
      examination of the serum failed to reveal circulating basement membrane zone
      antibodies. The differential diagnosis of the bullous eruption is reviewed, and
      the problem of diagnosis in cases of coexistent bullous disease and SLE is
      discussed.

PMID- 384918
TI  - James Spence Medallist, 1979. Kenneth William Cross.

PMID- 384919
TI  - Physiological responses of the newborn infant to resuscitation.
AB  - Lung ventilation, endotracheal, and intraoesophageal pressures were measured
      during standard resuscitation of 20 asphyxiated babies born by caesarean section.
      The most common response to resuscitation was the production of a large positive
      intraoesphageal pressure. An opening pressure greater than 2.0 kPa was required
      to expand the lungs of most of these babies. The need for resuscitation was
      associated with prolonged maternal anaesthesia before delivery.

PMID- 384920
TI  - Comparative trial of manual and mechanical percussion technique with gravity
      assisted bronchial drainage in patients with cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Chest physiotherapy still remains one of the most important aspects in the
      treatment of chest complications of cystic fibrosis. A mechanical device that
      allows the patient with cystic fibrosis to do his own chest physiotherapy will be
      of great benefit if it is as effective as manual percussion. 14 patients with
      cystic fibrosis using mechanical and manual percussion physiotherapy were studied
      by measuring sputum volumes, and FEV and FVC. Results with mechanical percussor
      were as good as with the manual percussor and, therefore, it would be reasonable
      for the older patient to use the former on his own.

PMID- 384921
TI  - Simple method for stabilising umbilical catheters.

PMID- 384922
TI  - Impact of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron on invertebrates in a
      residential-recreational lake.

PMID- 384923
TI  - [Therapy of partially synchronized human tumors following heterotransplantation
      to nu/nu mice].

PMID- 384924
TI  - [Comparison of LHRH and D-Ser(TBU)6LHRH1-9(EA) 10 induced gonadotropin release in
      amenorrhea].

PMID- 384925
TI  - [Obulation shifting by daily administration of a highly effective LH-Rh analogue
      (HOE 766)].

PMID- 384926
TI  - [Comparison of LHRH and D-Ser(TBU)6LHRH1-9(EA)10 induced gonadotropin release
      during follicle phase].

PMID- 384927
TI  - [Change of gonadotropin release in follicular phase following several injections
      of a highly effective LH-RH-Analogue (HOE 766)].

PMID- 384928
TI  - [Unusual tumours of the digestive tract (author's transl)].

PMID- 384929
TI  - [Histological and immunofluorescence study of forty two cases of Duhring-Brocq
      disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 384930
TI  - Metabolic inhibition of plaque-forming cells: comparison of human rheumatoid
      factor-producing cells with mouse anti-sheep erythrocyte-producing cells.
AB  - While rheumatoid-factor-producing haemolytic plaque-forming cells (RF--PFC) of
      the human peripheral blood were easily inhibited by cycloheximide, mouse spleen
      cells immune to sheep red cells (anti-SRC PFC) were inhibited only after
      prolonged preincubation in the drug. The RF--PFC were easily inhibited by
      propranolol, while the anti-SRC PFC were not at all inhibited. Vinblastine
      inhibited both systems equally. These differences are taken to suggest that the
      RF--PFC have very little preformed antibody in them and therefore depend upon
      active protein synthesis for their demonstration. In contrast, anti-SRC PFC,
      which may be predominantly mature plasma cells, generally need no new protein
      synthesis for their demonstration because of increased quantities of preformed
      antibody. A possible mechanism is that RF--PFC may represent primarily RF
      specific B cells, the RF of which is released by surface immunoglobulin shedding
      and therefore susceptible to membrane stabilising agents such as propranolol.

PMID- 384931
TI  - The antiperinuclear factor. 1. The diagnostic significance of the antiperinuclear
      factor for rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - In 1964 Nienhuis and Mandema reported the presence of antibodies against
      cytoplasmic granules in buccal mucosal cells in the serum of 50% of patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although they reported a good specificity for RA of
      these so-called antiperinuclear antibodies (APF), their results never threatened
      the monopoly of the rheumatoid factor as a serological tool for the diagnosis of
      RA. A re-evaluation with improved immunofluorescence methods showed a frequency
      of the APF of 78% in 103 patients with RA. The latex test and the Waaler-Rose
      test were positive in only 70% and 58% respectively of these patients. Only 15%
      of the RA patients were negative for all 3 tests. Thus, 40% of patients who were
      seronegative by the traditional methods gave a positive result on performance of
      the APF test. The high sensitivity of the APF test was combined with a good
      specificity, for the frequency in patients with other autoimmune diseases or
      degenerative joint disease and in healthy subjects was low. For the serodiagnosis
      of RA it seems best to combine the use of the APF test with one for rheumatoid
      factor.

PMID- 384932
TI  - Patterns of induced variation in the morphology, hyaluronic acid secretion, and
      lysosomal enzyme activity of cultured human synovial cells.
AB  - In contrast with newly isolated cells or early primary cultures, synovial cell
      lines in standardised growth conditions assume a rather uniform fibroblast-like
      appearance. However, 2 distinct variations in the cytological pattern can be
      induced at this stage. The first is characterised primarily by increased numbers
      of small phase-dense organelles that show the distinctive fluorescence of
      lysosomes after supravital staining, and are interspersed with vacuoles. The
      associated functional changes include increased enzyme activity and decreased net
      synthesis of hyaluronic acid. This variation can be induced by exposure to
      indigestible neutral sugars, adenosine, or its 5' nucleotides. The second
      variation consists of a striking reorganisation of cytoplasm by condensation into
      dense ridges or a dendritic network of processes. It is accompanied by increased
      hyaluronic acid secretion and is induced by agents that enhance intracellular
      activity of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, such as dibutyryl cyclic adenosine
      monophosphate and cholera enterotoxin. It appears possible to direct
      differentiation in synovial cell lines to correspond at least in part with the
      presumed functions of the different cell types in the parent tissue. The 2
      patterns may be useful markers to correlate with other aspects of synovial cell
      function in vitro.

PMID- 384933
TI  - Effects of carrageenin on human synovial cells in vitro: morphology, hyaluronic
      acid production, growth, and the lysosomal system.
AB  - Some in-vitro effects of the arthritogenic polysaccharide carrageenin were
      studied on cells from human synovium. Synovial cells were isolated from intact
      human knee joints, and cell lines were developed by passaging with trypsin.
      Carrageenin was ingested by the cells but did not significantly affect cell
      growth, numbers of lysosomes, intracellular lysosomal enzyme activity (N-acetyl
      beta-D-glucosaminidase), or release of lysosomal enzyme from cells. Carrageenin
      produced a reduction in net hyaluronic acid synthesis. It also induced a striking
      morphological change in a high proportion of synovial cells, characterised by
      increased spreading over the culture surface and apparent condensation of the
      cytoplasm into a pattern of ridges. Nonrheumatoid and rheumatoid synovial cells
      behaved similarly to one another.

PMID- 384934
TI  - [Congenital rubella. Present knowledge and perspectives (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper deals with features and problems of congenital rubella and
      perspectives in the prevention of this infection. We discussed the factors
      determining whether or not the maternal infection will involve the fetus, the
      pathogenesis and the clinical aspects of congenital rubella, the epidemiological
      importance of infected infants who may be contagious for long periods of time,
      the problems encountered in diagnosis. The efficacy of the active immunization
      programs, the data available in the literature on inadvertent vaccination of
      pregnant women, the restriction in the prophylactic use of immunoglobulins are
      also reported. The great importance of the premarital serological test for women
      is stressed.

PMID- 384936
TI  - "R"-living vaccine against colibacillosis. II. Further characteristics of the
      vaccine-matrix strain.

PMID- 384937
TI  - [R factors influence on motility of "E. coli" and "S. typhimurium" (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Influence on the motility of E. coli and S. typhimurium strains by several R
      factors has been studied; both classes of inhibiting and stimulating R factors
      have been detected; the plasmidic effect on the motility can be inverted by
      transfer to another carrier strain.

PMID- 384935
TI  - [Candida infections in humans (author's transl)].
AB  - A complete review of the candidiasis dealing with taxonomy and morphology of the
      fungus and with epidemiology, experimental pathogenicity, immunology, mode of
      transmission, pathologic features, clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment of
      the disease.

PMID- 384938
TI  - Recent advances in the structure, biochemical and biological aspects of the
      "Legionella pneumophila", the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease: a review.

PMID- 384939
TI  - [Serological diagnosis of hydatid disease with indirect immunoperoxidase and
      immunofluorescence methods (author's transl)].
AB  - Indirect immunoperoxidase (IP) method is compared with indirect
      immunofluorescence (IFI) in 44 cases of active hydatidosis established at
      operation (30 cysts of the liver, 9 cysts of the lung and 5 extra-hepatic and
      extra-pulmonary cysts). The sensitivities of the IP and IFI tests were 88.6% and
      63.6%, respectively. The IP test is easy, specific and very sensitive.

PMID- 384940
TI  - [Comparative study of the different media of enrichment and isolation for the
      identification of enteric pathogens (author's transl)].
AB  - In the present study, were compared several media in use in diagnostic laboratory
      for the isolation of enteric pathogens. The AA. have remarked the efficiency of
      Bacto-Selenite F and of Bacto-TT Broth Base Hajna, for the enrichment; it is
      suggested the use of Bacto Agar and of Bacto-Hektoen Enteric Agar for the
      isolation.

PMID- 384941
TI  - Management of perforating colon trauma: randomization between primary closure and
      exteriorization.
AB  - During a 44 month trial, 268 patients with wounds of the colon were entered into
      a prospective, randomized, nonblinded study. Consideration for primary closure
      demanded that: preoperative shock was never profound, blood loss was less than
      20% of estimated normal volume, no more than two intra-abdominal organ systems
      had been injured, fecal contamination was minimal, operation was begun within
      eight hours, and wounds of colon and abdominal wall were never so destructive as
      to require resection. Once such criteria had been satisfied, colon wound
      management was dictated by last digit in the randomly assigned hospital number;
      odd indicated primary closure; even, exteriorization of the wound or primary
      closure with protection by a proximal vent. Results obtained in 139 determinant
      patients eligible for randomization revealed that primary closure (67 patients)
      had a lower infection rate of the incision (48% vs S7%, p > 0.05) and a still
      lower infection rate for the abdomen proper (15% vs 29%, p < 0.05) on comparison
      to the 72 patients with a randomized colostomy. Morbidity otherwise for the
      randomized colostomy was tenfold greater than if a primary closure had been
      performed. Average postoperative stay was six days longer (p < 0.01) if a
      colostomy had been created, exclusive of subsequent hospitalization for colostomy
      closure; while the total extra cost for management of the colon wound by
      colostomy was approximately $2,700.00. Although immediate mortalities were
      identical, one late death occurred following colostomy closure. These data not
      only confirm the safety of primary closure for colon wounds in selected cases,
      but also indicate that such should become the preferred method of treatment
      whenever specific criteria have been met.

PMID- 384942
TI  - Induction of unresponsiveness to major transplantable organs in adult mammals: a
      recapitulation of ontogeny by irradiation and bone marrow replacement.
AB  - Transplantation of renal allografts obtained from prospectively selected
      genotypically DLA-identical donors into supralethally irradiated dogs
      reconstituted with their own stored bone marrow has produced a state of
      unresponsiveness to these kidneys in the recipients. Eleven of 18 kidneys
      transplanted at 12 hours after marrow replacement currently survive with normal
      function and maintain life in the recipients for 757, 800, 825, 978, 1062, 1092,
      1136, 1282, 1373, 1380, and 1381 days, respectively. Similar results occurred in
      eight of 13 allografts transplanted at 28 hours after marrow replacement, which
      currently survive for 349, 363, 377, 407,436,470, 485, and 513 days,
      respectively, and in eight of 13 kidneys grafted at 36 hours after marrow
      replacement, which are surviving for 197, 247, 298, 324, 337, 396, 443, and 472
      days, respectively. Achievement of optimal results is dependent on the specific
      timing and sequence of each procedure. Only four of 16 recipients of kidneys
      transplanted at the time of marrow replacement were unresponsive to their
      allografts. Similarly, only five of 19 recipients of kidneys placed in irradiated
      dogs at 40 hours before marrow replacement accepted such allografts. When kidney
      transplants were placed into the recipients 20 hours before removal of marrow,
      irradiation, and reconstitution with stored marrow, only three of 21 dogs became
      unresponsive to such ailografts. In five of 12 instances, the recipients were
      also unresponsive to skin allografts obtained from their respective kidney
      donors. Such skin grafts currently survive for 606, 673, 687, 701, and 708 days,
      respectively. The remaining seven skin grafts were rejected at 28, 39,42, 84, 90,
      92, and 115 days, respectively. Second- and third-set skin grafts from the same
      kidney donor were rejected by six of these dogs at 19, 20, 21, 29, 29, and 30
      days, and at 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, and 27 days, respectively. Rejection of these
      skin grafts had no detectable effect on the function and survival of kidney
      allografts from the same source. Seven of eight skin grafts obtained from other
      DLA-identical donors were rejected at 13,14,16,25,28,38, and 84 days,
      respectively; one allograft continues to survive for 708 days. Eleven DLA
      incompatible skin allografts placed on the recipients at the same time were
      rejected within 11-20 days. Supralethal total body irradiation and bone marrow
      replacement can establish in the adult canine host a privileged phase of
      immunological reactivity during which exposure to alloantigens produces specific
      long-term unresponsiveness rather than sensitization. The use of stored
      autologous rather than allogeneic bone marrow for reconstitution of the
      irradiated recipient eliminates the hazards of GVH complication usually
      associated with this procedure. This consideration and the apparent capacity of
      the tolerant host to maintain a long-term state of unresponsiveness without any
      further immunosuppressive therapy point to the potential relevance of the results
      to human transplantation.

PMID- 384944
TI  - Ten year experience with renal transplantation in juvenile onset diabetics.
AB  - Between 1968 and 1978, 305 juvenile onset diabetic patients with uremia and 462
      nondiabetic uremic patients of similar age received primary renal allografts at
      the University of Minnesota. Two hundred eight of the diabetic patients are alive
      and 190 have functioning renal grafts three months to ten years after
      transplantation. Cumulative patient survival rates at two years for diabetic
      recipients of kidneys from HLA identical siblings, other related and cadaver
      donors are 90, 73 and 68%, respectively, the corresponding graft functional
      survival rates are 90, 67 and 55%. For nondiabetic patients receiving kidneys
      from the same donor categories the corresponding patient survival rates are 97,
      86 and 75%, while the graft functional survival rates are 94, 77 and 64%. The
      differences in patient and graft survival between diabetic and nondiabetic
      recipients are statistically significant only for the patients receiving grafts
      from HLA-nonidentical related donors. For all recipients under the age of 30,
      there are no statistically significant differences in patient and graft survival.
      Regardless of the age of the patient or the source of the kidney, the survival of
      diabetic patients treated with transplantation at our institution is better than
      the use of chronic hemodialysis, alone. Technical complications do not occur more
      frequently in diabetic transplant recipients. Cardiovascular disease is
      responsible for most of the late deaths in these diabetic patients. Amputations
      of digits or extremities have been required in 15% of the diabetic patients. On
      the positive side, the vision of 88% of these recipients remained stable or had
      improved visual acuity, and 82% of the diabetic patients were actively
      rehabilitated after transplantation. Kidney transplantation is the treatment of
      choice for end-stage renal failure in diabetic patients, just as it is for most
      uremic patients.

PMID- 384945
TI  - Alimentary tract complications after renal transplantation.
AB  - A computer analysis of post renal transplantation gastrointestinal problems was
      performed to identify important associated clinical factors. Thirty-seven per
      cent of all transplant recipients developed one or more significant problems.
      Hemorrhage, nondiverticular intestinal perforation, and esophagitis occurred most
      frequently in hospitalized patients. Pancreatitis, diverticulitis, and
      gastroduodenal perforation occurred characteristically in long-term survivors
      with well functioning allografts. Eleven of 32 HLA identical recipients treated
      with maintenance corticosteroids during stable kidney function developed
      gastrointestinal disease while only one of 13 HLA identical recipients not given
      maintenance steroids developed a problem, which strongly suggests a causal role
      for steroids in the development of late complications. The association of
      preexisting peptic ulcer and diverticular disease with hemorrhage and perforation
      supports previous recommendations that documented peptic ulcer disease or
      diverticulitis should be corrected surgically prior to transplantation.

PMID- 384943
TI  - Thoracic duct fistula and renal transplantation.
AB  - Thoracic duct drainage (TDD) was established for 21-115 days in 40 kidney
      recipients with an average removal per patient day of 4.7 1 lymph and 1.88
      billion cells. Cellular and humoral immunity were depressed. TDD and
      immunosuppressive drugs were started at transplantation in 35 recipients of cross
      match negative grafts. Although the results were better than in precedent non-TDD
      controls, eight patients rejected their grafts before a full TDD effect, and
      three of the eight developed predominantly anti-B lymphocyte cytotoxic antibodies
      which were probably responsible for positive cross-matches with their next
      donors. With continuing TDD, all eight patients had good initial function after
      early retransplantation. In five more "nontransplantable" patients with performed
      cytotoxic antibodies, TDD was started 30-56 days before transplantation. In these
      five pretreated patients, antibodies persisted with positive antidonor cross
      matches. Hyperacute rejection occurred repeatedly in two patients with high anti
      T (and anti-B) titers, but was surmounted in three patients with lower titers.
      From the clinical and immunologic data, we have concluded that TDD should be used
      for pretreatment of all cases with or without prior antibodies, and have
      suggested an adjustable management plan that takes into account new developments
      in antibody monitoring.

PMID- 384946
TI  - Obliteration of esophageal varices by PTP: a follow-up of 43 patients.
AB  - The percutaneous transhepatic portal vein catheterization (PTP) with selective
      obliteration of the coronary vein and/or the short gastric veins in treating
      bleeding esophageal varices was introduced in 1974. In order to prevent
      recanalization of the vessels Bucrylate (isobutyl-2-cyano-acrylate) has been used
      in 43 patients 55 times during a period of 34 months (October 1975 to July 1978).
      The obliterative treatment was followed by rebleeding in 35% of the cases and
      continued bleeding occurred in two patients. Fourteen patients were treated on 16
      occasions during acute bleedings, and five of these (36%) died within two months
      from a portal vein thrombosis caused by the obliterative procedure. Because of
      these findings PTP with obliteration of the veins feeding the esophageal varices
      is not recommended as an elective way of treatment. It should only be used in the
      acute bleeding patient when transesophageal sclerosering therapy, continuous
      vasopressin infusion and balloon tamponade have failed. Fifty-six per cent of the
      patients acutely treated stopped bleeding for more than one week, thus avoiding
      an emergency shunt or devascularization operation which are associated with a
      high mortality rate.

PMID- 384947
TI  - Effect of diazepam on serum testosterone and the ventral prostate gland in male
      rats.
AB  - A study was initiated to investigate the effect of diazepam on serum testosterone
      and testosterone-sensitive tissues in male rats. Diazepam was administered in a
      dose of 50 mg/kg body weight daily for 10 days. When compared with an equally
      matched group of control male rats, this dose of diazepam was associated with a
      significant reduction in both the weight of the ventral prostrate of treated rats
      and the serum testosterone levels. These changes were not associated with
      alterations in serum LH and FSH and the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone content. Since diazepam does not interfere with the
      radioimmunoassay of testosterone, it is suggested that the above observations
      were biologically induced via direct suppression of the interstitial cells of the
      testis.

PMID- 384948
TI  - Effect of a 5'-substituted adenosine analogue (744c96) on insulin and glucagon
      release in isolated rat islets of Langerhans.
AB  - The effect of adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) (744-96), a highly vasoactive
      adenosine analogue, was investigated on insulin and glucagon release from
      isolated rat islets of Langerhans. The compound inhibited glucose-induced insulin
      release in a dose-dependent manner (concentration range 10(-8) to 10(-5 M). No
      effect of 744-96 was observed on basal or on arginine-induced glucagon release.
      By contrast, 744-96 (5 microgram/kg i.v.) produced a significant increase in
      plasma glucagon and glucose levels in normal as well as in reserpinized rats. The
      observed failure to promote glucagon release from isolated islets may be
      attributable to the isolation procedure, to a release of glucagon in vivo from
      non-pancreatic stores, or to a non-specific effect of 744-96 on glucagon
      secretion.

PMID- 384949
TI  - The role of prostaglandins in platelet-vessel wall interaction.
AB  - Flurbiprofen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and tranylcypromine, a PGI2 synthetase
      inhibitor, in topical superfusion over an arterial segment respectively decrease
      and increase ADP-induced local white platelet thrombus formation. Superfusion of
      the arterial segment with PGI2 demonstrates a dose-response related inhibition of
      ADP-induced thrombosis.

PMID- 384950
TI  - Identification of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha in pericardial and peritoneal fluid by GC/MS.

PMID- 384951
TI  - Facilitation of bicuculline- and picrotoxin-induced seizures by sodium valproate
      in rats.
AB  - Paralysed rats anaesthetized with urethane or halothane were injected with
      bicuculline or picrotoxin at doses which induced seizure activity in the EEG.
      Sodium valproate (50--1200 mg/kg) or saline was injected i.p. and its effect on
      the amplitude and duration of the seizures was measured. The seizures induced by
      either convulsant were increased significantly by doses of valproate greater than
      or equal to 200 mg/kg. The sites of action of the drugs in the brain, and the
      possible transmitter mechanisms involved, are discussed.

PMID- 384952
TI  - Renal transplantation in the amyloidosis of familial Mediterranean fever.
      Experience in ten cases.
AB  - Ten patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and histologically confirmed
      amyloidosis received cadaver kidney transplants for treatment of terminal renal
      disease. Colchicine, 1 mg daily, was included in the routine postoperative
      regimen from 1974 for amyloidotic patients. Graft and patient survival were
      compared with ten nonamyloidotic recipients of renal grafts matched for age, sex,
      type of allograft, and HLA compatibility. In the FMF group, five of ten grafts
      have survived from 20 to 64 months; in the control group, six of ten. While only
      recipients with functioning grafts survived in the FMF group, patient survival in
      the control group is eight of ten after one year. In all five FMF survivors,
      graft function is satisfactory, proteinuria is absent, and blood creatinine
      levels are normal. Amyloid involvement of an allograft was documented 16 months
      after transplantation in the only patient whose maintenance colchicine dosage had
      been reduced to 0.5 mg daily.

PMID- 384953
TI  - Covalent linkage of lipoprotein to peptidoglycan is not essential for outer
      membrane stability in Proteus mirabilis.
AB  - Isolated rigis layers from Proteus mirabilis harvested at different growth phases
      were degraded by endo-N-acetylmuramidase from Chalaropsis B, and the degradation
      products were investigated. The results show the complete absence of covalently
      linked lipoprotein in exponential-phase cultures. Stationary cells, however,
      possess covalently linked lipoprotein in amounts similar to those found in
      Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium during all growth phases. The overall
      peptidoglycan structure did not change during transition from logarithmic to
      stationary growth. Implications of these findings for the organization of the
      outer membrane are discussed.

PMID- 384955
TI  - [The adolescent confronted with hemodialysis and transplantation, psychological
      problems and developmental factors].
AB  - A study has been undertaken of the psychological problems of more than 250
      adolescents and young adults with chronic renal failure in a dialysis and
      transplantation programme. The centre provided treatment and helped the patients
      to adapt to their illness. As the illness is of indefinite duration observations
      could be made of the course and the outcome. The individuals reaction to
      different forms of treatment, the possible final outcome and the institution were
      studied.

PMID- 384956
TI  - Serendipity in biological psychiatry--a myth?
AB  - It is often stated that major biological treatments in psychiatry were discovered
      by accident or serendipity. Tracing the history of the concept of serendipity, we
      find that serendipity has been subjected to greatly divergent interpretations.
      According to the current usage, it is a discovery in which chance was a necessary
      and/or sufficient condition. With this definition, none of the discoveries of
      major biological treatments in psychiatry can be labeled serendipitous. The
      necessary factors common to these discoveries were creative minds that were
      variably influenced by the zeitgeist and that were persistent in their search for
      answers. Another important prerequisite was the availability of crucial basic
      knowledge of many related sciences. We conclude that chance cannot substitute for
      long-term research and that the latter is the most likely way to lead to valuable
      discoveries.

PMID- 384954
TI  - Relaxed mutants of Serratia marcescens SM-6. Biochemical traits and relevance of
      the rel+ allele for the formation of exoenzymes.
AB  - Serratia marcescens SM-6 when starved for a required amino acid stops
      synthesizing protein and RNA and accumulates two nucleotides which co
      chromatograph with ppGpp and pppGpp. These features are characteristic of
      bacterial strains with stringent RNA control (rel+). Two independent mutants were
      isolated which resemble relaxed (relA) mutants of Escherichia coli; they continue
      to synthesize RNA and accumulate neither ppGpp nor pppGpp when deprived of the
      required amino acid. The extracellular enzyme activities (nuclease, protease,
      lipase) of the relaxed mutants are about the same as those of the parental
      stringent strain when studied under standard growth conditions. Exoenzyme
      deficient (nuc;prt) and exoenzyme-hyperproducing (nucsu) mutants were isolated
      from both stringent and relaxed strains of S. marcencens SM-6 and no change of
      the cellular ability to form ppGpp and pppGpp could be observed. From these
      results it appears that the formation of exoenzymes of S. marcescens SM-6 is
      independent of stringent/relaxed RNA control.

PMID- 384957
TI  - Exploratory psychotherapy in the treatment of psoriasis. Twelve hundred years
      ago.
AB  - Twelve hundred years ago, Jasaliq, a Persian physician, treated a patient who was
      suffering from psoriasis. Although psoriasis was not clearly differentiated from
      leprosy in the West until the 1840s, it was clinically described and
      differentiated as a separate entity in Persia in the eighth century AD. In this
      case history reported in one of the oldest Persian texts, Chahar Maqala, written
      in 1155 AD, the physician formulated a dynamic relationship between the outbreak
      of psoriasis in his patient and the existence of severe interpersonal conflicts.
      In treating his patient, he skillfully used therapeutic modalities that are now
      prevalent in exploratory and psychodynamic psychotherapy. The techniques of
      developing a therapeutic alliance, therapeutic confrontation, clarification,
      dynamic interpretation, and exploration of intrapsychic and interpersonal
      conflicts are in accord with our present concepts of exploratory and dynamic
      psychotherapy.

PMID- 384959
TI  - Electron-dense subepithelial glomerular deposits in Henoch-Schonlein purpura
      syndrome.
AB  - A case of Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) with renal lesions is presented. The
      clinical, laboratory, and morphologic findings revealed features commonly
      described in HSP. A renal biopsy revealed diffuse, generalized, proliferative
      glomerulonephritis. The unusual findings in this case were numerous electron
      dense subepithelial deposits ("humps") and a few small intramembranous deposits
      in the glomerular capillaries without deposits in the mesangium, mimicking those
      of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The electron-dense deposits were
      well correlated with deposits of IgG, IgA, C3, C4, C1q, and fibrin-fibrinogen
      demonstrated by immunofluorescent microscopy.

PMID- 384958
TI  - Plasmodium berghei--infected mice. Focal glomerulonephritis in hyperimmune state.
AB  - Twenty-one male Swiss albino mice were injected intraperitoneally with 2 x 10(5)
      Plasmodium berghei berghei-infected cells. Twenty-four mice were used as a
      noninfected control group. On the tenth day after infection, three mice were
      killed and the remainder were treated with chloroquine phosphate (0.025%
      solution) given orally. The dosage was subsequently adjusted to keep the
      parasitemia below 5%. Eighteen of the controls received the same chloroquine
      dosage. Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis was seen from day 10 of
      infection up to two months after treatment. Granular deposits of immune complex
      were seen in all glomeruli. At the end of third month and thereafter, all
      experimental mice were in a hyperimmune state, and the kidneys showed the
      characteristic of focal glomerulonephritis resembling some types of human focal
      glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 384960
TI  - Cystic organizing pneumonia with elements of plasma cell granuloma.

PMID- 384961
TI  - Gold Key recipient. John W. Goldschmidt, MD.

PMID- 384962
TI  - Primary excision and grafting of burns located over an open fracture.
AB  - Early excision of the burn, immediate autografting, reduction of the fracture,
      and stabilization with a plaster-of-paris cast is offered as an alternative
      method for managing burns with associated long-bone fractures. The opportunity to
      excise and immediately autograft a burn wound requires rethinking of the entire
      problem of burns associated with a fracture.

PMID- 384963
TI  - A clinical and laboratory evaluation of a polyurethane foam: a new donor site
      dressing.
AB  - A polyurethane foam (Lyofoam) has been reported to accelerate epithelization of a
      wound. The purpose of this study was to evaluate its efficacy as a donor-site
      dressing for thermally injured patients. Thus, partial-thickness injuries were
      made in ten pigs and covered with Lyofoam, Xeroform, Telfa, Scarlet Red, and fine
      mesh gauze. Gross and histologic examinations failed to show accelerated healing
      under the Lyofoam dressing but did show that Scarlet Red covered donor sites
      healed the fastest. On clinical evaluation, nine patients only showed that
      Lyofoam separated earlier from the underlying wound but there was no evidence to
      suggest that the wound was more mature than that covered with fine-mesh gauze.

PMID- 384964
TI  - Lung expansion, airway pressure transmission, and positive end-expiratory
      pressure.
AB  - Transmission of airway pressure to the intrapleural space and change in
      functional residual capacity by positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) were
      measured in ten anesthetized swine. Measurements and calculations were performed
      with varying lung and chest wall compliances. When both compliances were normal,
      approximately half of the applied airway pressure was transmitted. Aspiration of
      hydrochloric acid reduced lung compliance approximately fourfold and decreased
      airway pressure transmission. Increased thoracic compliance also reduced airway
      pressure transmission. When acid aspiration reduced lung compliance and
      sternotomy simultaneously increased thoracic compliance, pressure transmission
      was maximally reduced. Decreases in either thoracic or lung compliance reduced
      the volume-expanding effects of PEEP. Positive end-expiratory pressure was least
      effective when thoracic and lung compliances were reduced simultaneously. Careful
      assessment of both lung and thoracic compliances may be helpful in treating
      patients requiring elevated airway pressure.

PMID- 384965
TI  - Attempted enhancement in patients undergoing renal allotransplantation: lack of
      long-term sensitization.
AB  - It seems timely and pertinent to review the long-term follow-up of four patients
      who were deliberately exposed before transplant to donor antigens in an
      "enhancement" protocol. Not only were there no adverse effects observed, but
      three of the four patients never had an identifiable rejection episode. One of
      the successful allograft recipients had cytotoxic antibodies to his donor's
      cells. These appear to have been cold, T- and B-cell-reactive antibodies of
      doubtful significance. Both long-term surviving recipients showed weakness in
      degree of mitogenesis in mixed culture of donor and recipient peripheral blood
      mononuclear cells, which does not appear to be related to a macrophage defect but
      may be related to a lack of active rosette-forming T cells.

PMID- 384966
TI  - Urinary tract infections in kidney transplant recipients.
AB  - In 65 kidney transplant recipients who were followed up for a mean period of 14.7
      months, the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI), and how the incidence was
      affected by length of graft survival, age, HLA-A and HLA-B matches,
      complications, duration of Foley catheter use, and other aspects, were examined.
      The total incidence of infection included an unexpectedly high rate of late
      infections. The incidence was found to be statistically increased with
      nephrectomy, splenectomy, recatheterization, and age older than 40 years. There
      was no correlation noted with graft source, antigen match, graft loss, or
      previous history of UTI. A group of patients with persistent UTI was noted and an
      inability to suppress UTI with long-term therapy with antibiotics was found. The
      asymptomatic nature of most of the UTIs confirmed the need for frequent periodic
      cultures of urine in the immunosuppressed patient.

PMID- 384967
TI  - Basic requirements of pancreatic mass for transplantation.
AB  - In canine pancreas autografts, more than 20% (30% to 40%) of the pancreatic mass
      (body and distal head or proximal tail) is required for the establishment of a
      satisfactory endocrine response. Transplantation of 20% of the pancreatic mass
      did not result in an adequate restoration of the endocrine function. We believe
      that this study gives a practical answer to the question of how much pancreatic
      mass is necessary for the establishment of normal functional response after
      transplantation. This autotransplantation model precludes the determination of
      the content and volume of transplanted pancreatic islets. Thus, our model
      indicates the requirements of the pancreatic mass of the specific anatomic areas
      that were transplanted, but does not indicate the actual amount of transplanted
      islets.

PMID- 384968
TI  - Who is the brother that I should keep.

PMID- 384971
TI  - [Scientific heritage of J.C. von Loder (on the 225th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 384970
TI  - IgM fluorescence antibodies in sera of pregnant women exposed to rubella.
AB  - A high per cent of false positive results for rubella virus IgM antibodies
      determined by immune fluorescence were detected in sera of pregnant women. After
      absorption with Staphylococcus suspension, Cowan 1 strain, and aggregates of
      human immunoglobulins, the false positive reactions due to IgM antiimmunoglobulin
      were eliminated.

PMID- 384969
TI  - The carcinogenicity of lead.
AB  - The potential for lead to cause neoplasm in animals and man is reviewed. A
      multitude of studies indicate that principally renal tumours may be produced by
      various forms of inorganic lead in small rodents. No human study either of an
      epidemiological form or of a case report in industrial, agricultural or community
      medicine has proven that lead may cause cancer in man.

PMID- 384972
TI  - [To the memory of Nikolay Grigorievich Kolosov].

PMID- 384973
TI  - [In memory of Efim Shmuilovich Gerlovin].

PMID- 384974
TI  - [Origin of fibroblasts and macrophages of skin wound granulation tissue].
AB  - By the method of thymidine autoradiography and fluorescing antibodies, the origin
      of cells participating in healing the experimentally produced wounds was
      investigated. 3H-thymidine was administered a day before the production of the
      wounds. 14C-thymidine was injected impulsively 1 h before the material was fixed
      1,3 and 8 days after the trauma. The analysis of the autographs demonstrated that
      during wound healing the cell-precursors of macrophages and fibroblasts migrate
      from beyond the limits of the connective tissue. By means of the fluorescing
      antibodies in mouse radiation xenogenic chimaeras it was demonstrated that
      macrophages and fibroblasts participating in wound healing take their origin from
      the donor's elements, that is, are of bone marrow origin.

PMID- 384975
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of the acino-insular cells of the pancreas, facts and
      opinions].

PMID- 384977
TI  - [Endothelial barrier, foam cells and lipoprotein metabolism in arterial walls
      (based on experimental arteriosclerosis in rabbits)].
AB  - The features of impaired permeability of endothelium and increased pinocytosis of
      endothelial cells in developing experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits are
      described on the basis of electron microscopy findings. Foam cells of various
      degrees of vacuolation were recovered from the tissue of atherosclerotic aorta by
      enzymatic treatment. The stages of smooth muscle cell transformation into foam
      cells were followed. An analysis of morphological changes occurring in foam cells
      in response to lipids is given. Interactions of intracellular lipid vacuoles with
      lysosomes are analysed. Possible causes and modes of impairment of the structure
      and function of aorta cells in experimental atherosclerosis are discussed.

PMID- 384976
TI  - [Stereologic analysis of the thyroid gland (review of methods)].
AB  - The most important stereological methods applied for quantitative morphologic
      investigation of the thyroid gland are considered: estimation of relative volumes
      of the organ's components, of follicular surface, of follicular surface/volume
      ratio, of number of cells and follicles per volume unit and in the whole organ,
      their distribution according to their size. The main formulae are presented and
      the most effective ways in application of stereological of stereological methods
      for investigation of normal and pathological gland in men and animals are
      described.

PMID- 384978
TI  - [Boris Ivanovich Migunov (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 384979
TI  - [V. V. Rumiantseva (on her 60th birthday)].

PMID- 384981
TI  - Meiges disease: a clinical form of facial convulsion, bilateral and medial.
AB  - In 1910 the French neurologist Henry Meige described in detail a disorder
      characterized chiefly by symmetric dystonic spasms of the facial muscles, which
      he called "spasm facial median." Cases with this disorder are rare, and
      frequently misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated. We report here a translation
      of Meige's original description of "spasm facial median." We hope that this
      translation will make it easier to recognize and diagnose this disorder and that
      it will stimulate greater interest in this unusual syndrome.

PMID- 384980
TI  - The pregnant epileptic: a review and recommendations.
AB  - The major concerns in the pregnant epileptic patient are loss of seizure control
      and the teratogenic effects of antiepileptic drugs on the fetus. Loss of seizure
      control is usually caused by a progressive decline of antiepileptic plasma levels
      throughout pregnancy. This decline can be prevented by monthly dose adjustments
      based on plasma level determinations. Although infant malformations are a more
      prevalent outcome of the pregnancies of epileptics than of nonepileptics, the
      role of antiepileptic drugs in teratogenicity is not fully established. Only
      trimethadione has been convincingly linked to fetal malformation. Recommendations
      for the management of epilepsy in pregnancy are made.

PMID- 384982
TI  - Disappearance of Kayser-Fleischer rings after liver transplantation.
AB  - Kayser-Fleischer rings were observed in a 14-year-old boy with progressive liver
      disease. Laboratory data supported a diagnosis of hepatolenticular degeneration
      (Wilson's disease). Therapy with chelating agents was initiated, but discontinued
      because of side reactions. Successful liver homotransplantation was performed.
      The Kayser-Fleischer rings gradually faded and had completely disappeared by six
      years postoperatively.

PMID- 384984
TI  - Repair of congenital colobomas of the lids.

PMID- 384983
TI  - Interferometric visual acuity testing in anterior segment disease.
AB  - Preoperative and posteroperative visual acuities for Landolt ring targets and for
      a grating target of comparable retinal illuminance produced by two-beam
      interference were assessed in patients with anterior segment disease. Good
      preoperative interferometric acuities (6/12 or better) were found in over half of
      the cases in which Landolt acuities were 6/90 or worse. In general, good
      preoperative interferometric acuities were predictive of good postoperative
      Landolt acuities. However, poor interferometric acuities in patients with
      opacified media did not preclude good Landolt acuities postoperatively. We
      conclude that interferometric acuity testing can provide valuable information
      about potential macular resolution capacity in some cases. Both the strengths and
      weaknesses of interferometric acuity testing must be appreciated for successful
      application.

PMID- 384985
TI  - Suspending sutures in blepharoplasty.
AB  - Lateral canthopexy using permanent suspending sutures to shorten the lateral
      canthal tendon helps prevent scleral show, increased sloping of the upper lid,
      and inferomedial displacement of the lateral canthus following lower lid
      blepharoplasty. While these complications usually are prevented by flap
      suspension techniques, in which more skin is excised above and lateral to the
      commissure than below it, sutures running from the inferomedial part of the
      lateral canthal tendon to its superolateral aspect and to periosteum just inside
      the orbit still further reduce the tendency toward the complications mentioned.
      We report technical aspects and results. After several years of clinical
      experience, we have the impression that the technique is a useful adjunct, even
      though it may produce more swelling and inflammation and a longer recuperative
      period.

PMID- 384986
TI  - Implants of Supramid, Proplast, Plasti-Pore, and Silastic.
AB  - Four types of synthetic materials were implanted in 54 rabbits: Supramid,
      Proplast, Plasti-Pore, and Silastic. Each material was implanted into the auricle
      and concomitantly into the subdermis of the face. Postoperative assessment was
      every one to three days, while killing was done at six weeks, six months, and one
      year postoperatively for microscopic evaluation. Supramid mesh contains black
      pigment, which became incorporated within the histiocytes and giant cells around
      the implanted mesh by six weeks; at one year, the soft tissues were pigmented
      microscopically. Proplast was not extruded despite an intense and persistent
      histiocytic and giant-cell reaction; its black color constituted a major drawback
      for implantation beneath thin skin. The Plasti-Pore used in these studies was
      rigid and somewhat difficult to sculpture, and it induced a persistent but minor
      cellular reaction. Silastic was easily displaced.

PMID- 384987
TI  - The psychological treatment of cancer: the patient's confusion of the time for
      living with the time for dying.
AB  - It has been shown that it is possible to influence cancer growth by a form of
      intensive meditation, although it is not yet established whether it can be
      influenced to the point of cure. In working with these patients it has been
      observed that the course of the illness has often been influenced by the
      patient's confusion of the biologically appropriate time for living and the time
      for dying. Without recourse to any formal psychotherapy, the family physician
      aware of this reaction may be able to enhance the immune defences and increase
      the quality of life of such patients.

PMID- 384988
TI  - Evaluation of several methods of detecting salmonellae in groups of chickens.
AB  - Chickens exposed experimentally to Salmonella agona, S. blockley, S. enteritidis,
      S. infantis, and S. typhimurium were tested serologically by microagglutination
      and microantiglobulin procedures and culturally by cloacal swabs and
      environmental samples. Chicks infected at one day old yielded the highest level
      of positive cloacal swab cultures, whereas exposure of older birds gave maximal
      serologic titers. Recovery of salmonella from environmental samples is dependent
      on a number of factors, including excretion rate by the population and survival
      rate of salmonellae in the environment. Serologic titers persisted after
      salmonellae could no longer be isolated from cloacal swabs or environmental
      samples. The possibility of false-positive serologic reactions was explored in
      two groups of chickens, one exposed to other Enterobacteriaceae, and one composed
      of eight specific-pathogen-free flocks. Occasional serologic microantiglobulin
      titers were observed only in the latter group. Extensive culturing of the
      environment from these flocks had negative results.

PMID- 384989
TI  - Prevalence of certain antibodies to selected disease-causing agents in wild
      turkeys in Texas.
AB  - In Texas in 1976 and 1977, Rio Grande turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo intermedia)
      from seven counties and Eastern turkeys (M. g. silvestris) from one county were
      tested for antibodies to selected poultry pathogens. Standardized serological
      tests disclosed reactors to Salmonella pullorum (2.4%), S. typhimurium (2.3%),
      and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (4.8%). There were no reactors to Newcastle disease
      virus or Chlamydia psittaci. Prevalence of M. gallisepticum antibody in wild
      turkeys was significantly higher for counties with commercial turkey operations
      than for counties lacking domestic turkeys, whereas the incidence of S. pullorum
      and S. typhimurium did not differ significantly.

PMID- 384991
TI  - A case-study comparing the effects of relaxation and massed practice upon tic
      frequency.

PMID- 384990
TI  - Relationship between thermogenic drinking and plasma renin activity in the rat.
AB  - The spontaneous water intake of rats increases when they are transferred abruptly
      from a cold (5 degrees C) to a neutral (25 degrees C) environment. This has been
      termed thermogenic drinking. Treatment of cold-acclimated rats with SQ 14,225, an
      angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, at 10-50 mg/kg of body weight prior to
      removal from cold, inhibited the thermogenic drinking response in a dose
      dependent manner. Plasma for determination of plasma renin activity (PRA) was
      obtained by cardiac puncture from methoxyflurane anesthetized rats maintained
      chronically at both 25 degrees and 5 degrees C. In addition, plasma was obtained
      from cold-acclimated rats 15 min after removal from 5 degrees to 25 degrees C.
      PRA values were 2.2 +/- 0.4 (S.E.) ng/ml/h for control rats; 1.9 +/- 0.8 ng/ml/h
      for cold-acclimated rats and 8.5 +/- 1.7 ng/ml/h for cold-acclimated rats removed
      from cold for 15 min. Thus, PRA was significantly increased in rats removed
      acutely from cold. These data suggest that thermogenic drinking may be mediated
      by the renin-angiotensin system.

PMID- 384992
TI  - [Prof. Heinrich Geissler].

PMID- 384993
TI  - [The 70th anniversary of Wilhelm Blendinger, Dr. h.c].

PMID- 384995
TI  - Adenosine triphosphate consumption by bacterial arginyl-transfer ribonucleic acid
      synthetases.
AB  - ATP consumption by arginyl-tRNA synthetases from Escherichia coli and Bacillus
      stearothermophilus has been investigated by the firefly luciferin--luciferase
      assay. Arginyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli utilizes ATP only for aminocylation
      of tRNA with a 1:1 stoicheiometry. In contrast, we have shown an adenosine
      triphosphatase activity of arginyl-tRNA synthetase from B. stearothermophilus in
      the absence of tRNAArg. Dowex chromatography revealed the formation of ADP by the
      thermophile enzyme; under aminoacylation conditions, AMP was also formed in
      amounts stoicheiometric with arginyl-tRNA formation.

PMID- 384994
TI  - Thiamin biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Origin of carbon-2 of the
      thiazole moiety.
AB  - Radioactivity from [2-14C]glycine enters C-2 of the thiazole moiety of thiamin
      and no other site, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strains A.T.C.C. 24903 and 39916,
      H.J. Bunker). Radioactivity from L-[Me-14C]methionine or from DL-[2-14C]tyrosine
      does not enter thiamin.

PMID- 384996
TI  - Metabolism and insulin-releasing capabilities of glucosamine and N
      acetylglucosamine in isolated rat islets.
AB  - The ability of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine to stimulate insulin secretion
      from perifused rat islets and the suitability of these hexoses to be metabolized
      in a static incubation was studied under various conditions. N-Acetylglucosamine
      alone stimulated insulin release with a threshold of 10 mM, with half-maximal
      effect at approx. 16 mM, and maximally at 20 mM. With higher concentrations
      stimulation was slightly diminished. Release caused by 20 mM-N-acetylglucosamine
      was unaffected by 30 mM-mannoheptulose, but was blocked by 2-deoxyglucose or
      iodoacetate (1 mM). At moderate concentrations, (2.75--20 mM), the metabolism of
      N-acetyl[1-3H]glucosamine was similar to that of [1-3H]glucose and secretion
      rates paralleled the corresponding rates of metabolism with these hexoses.
      Glucosamine (27.5 mM) alone weakly stimulated insulin secretion, which was
      unaltered by 30 mM-mannoheptulose but blocked by 2-deoxyglucose or iodoacetate. A
      lower rate of [1-3H]glucosamine metabolism appeared to account for its weaker
      stimulatory efficacy. Insulin release caused by 27.5 mM-glucosamine or 27.5 mM-N
      acetylglucosamine in the presence of basal (2.75 mM) glucose was accurately
      predicted based on the summed metabolic rates of these compounds. The data
      strengthen the theory proposing that metabolites or cofactors generated during
      metabolism are essential for triggering insulin secretion.

PMID- 384997
TI  - Studies on the inhibition of protein synthesis by selenodiglutathione.
AB  - Amino acid incorporation in a cell-free system derived from rat liver has
      previously been found to be inhibited by GSSeSG (selenodiglutathione). In the
      present experiments the effect of GSSeSG on protein synthesis in 3T3-f cells, on
      growth and protein synthesis in Escherichia coli, and on amino acid incorporation
      in a cell-free system derived from E. coli, was studied. GSSeSG inhibits the
      incorporation of [3H]leucine into protein by 3T3-f cells. This inhibition cannot
      be reversed by removing GSSeSG and is correlated with the uptake of GSSeSG.
      Sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and oxidized glutathione had no inhibitory effect in
      this system. [3H]Uridine or [3H]thymidine incorporation into RNA or DNA was not
      inhibited, indicating that the primary action of GSSeSG was on protein synthesis.
      GSSeSG did not influence the growth of E. coli in a synthetic medium, although
      enhanced amino acid incorporation was observed. In the cell-free system derived
      from E. coli, amino acid incorporation was not changed by GSSeSG, indicating that
      elongation factor G, in contrast to elongation factor 2 of mammalian cell
      systems, is not blocked by GSSeSG.

PMID- 384999
TI  - Localization of the heparin-releasable lipase in situ in the rat liver.
AB  - Immunofluorescence and immuno-electron microscopy were used for the localization
      of the heparin-releasable lipase in situ in the rat liver. The lipase is located
      exclusively on the liver endothelial cells. No labelling could be detected on the
      parenchymal of Kupffer cells, or in the livers of heparin-pretreated animals. The
      physiological significance of the endothelial localization of the hepatic lipase
      is discussed.

PMID- 384998
TI  - Defective calcium handling and insulin release in islets from diabetic Chinese
      hamsters.
AB  - In pancreatic islets from normal Chinese hamsters preloaded with 45Ca2+, glucose
      induced biphasic insulin release was associated with increased 45Ca2+ efflux;
      islets from diabetic hamsters showed decreased insulin release and no increase in
      45Ca2+ efflux. The lack of stimulated 45Ca2+ efflux persisted even when glucose
      induced insulin release was potentiated by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. Since
      glucose-stimulated 45Ca2+ uptake by diabetic islets was not impaired, a defect in
      intracellular Ca2+ handling may be involved in the defective insulin release of
      the diabetic Chinese hamster.

PMID- 385000
TI  - Nuclear magnetic resonance of E. coli ribosomes and viruses.

PMID- 385001
TI  - The ilvEDA operon of Escherichia coli K12 encodes only one valine-alpha
      ketoglutarate transaminase activity.

PMID- 385003
TI  - Reiter's syndrome after Salmonella infection: occurrence in HLA--B27 positive
      brothers.

PMID- 385002
TI  - Cloning and expression of a pseudo-ovalbumin gene.

PMID- 385004
TI  - [Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on plasma protein binding of
      corticosterones (author's transl)].
AB  - A series of non-steroid antiinflammatory drugs (NSAD) as well as substances with
      different spectra of pharmacological action were investigated with regard to the
      influence on binding of corticosterone to plasma protein in rats after repeated
      oral administration. At pharmacologically active doses, NSAD cause a time and
      dose dependent increase in rat plasma of the corticosterone fraction which can be
      ultra-filtrated. The effect on corticosterone binding to plasma protein largely
      parallels the antiinflammatory efficacy of the NSAD. This does not occur by a
      mere displacement of corticosterone from the plasma protein binding, but is
      apparently the consequence of a qualitative and/or quantitative change of the
      binding proteins. Organic acids, cytostatic or other drugs which strongly bind to
      plasma protein do not show any corresponding influence on the corticosterone
      binding to plasma protein under comparable conditions. The increase of the
      fraction of corticosterone which can be ultra-filtrated effected by the NSAD
      accelerates the excretion of corticosterone into the bile of rats. The phenomenon
      of decrease in binding of corticosteroids to plasma protein is discussed with
      respect to its importance for the mode of action of the NSAD.

PMID- 385005
TI  - [Methods of determination and theoretical principles of the serum protein binding
      of drugs (author's transl)].
AB  - A survey is given of the methods applied in the determination of protein binding
      (electrophoresis, ultrafiltration, gel-filtration, ultracentrifugation, dialysis
      and microbiological plate test). Basing on our own investigations as well as on
      papers by other authors the possibilities of errors and limitations of the
      methods are discussed. The protein binding is reversible and can be explained by
      the law of mass action. By the representation of the test results according to
      Scatchard plot it is possible to ascertain the number of the binding groups of
      the albumin molecule and the equilibrium constant of the reaction. Based on these
      results the affinity (free reaction, energy) of the protein binding can be
      calculated. The protein binding can be described especially in therapeutical
      concentration rather well by the Freundlich isothermal curve. The binding powers
      which cause the protein binding are discussed. The examination of various
      substance groups, such as sulphonamides, antibiotics and steroid hormones has
      shown that the hydrophobic binding plays the main role in the binding of drugs to
      albumin. As an example of an ionogenic binding the binding or aminoglycosides to
      alubmin is discussed.

PMID- 385006
TI  - [Optically active barbiturates. Synthesis, configuration and pharmacological
      effects (author's transl)].
AB  - Optically active N-alkylated barbiturates are synthesized from disubstituted
      cyanoacetates. The configuration of the synthesized compounds is determined by
      chemical and chiroptical procedures and by X-ray analysis. In animals the
      barbiturates show a different anesthetic activity, in some cases the CNS activity
      is opposed, one enantiomer is anesthetically active, the other is a convulsive
      agent. In their pharmacokinetic behaviour the enantiomers show remarkable
      differences.

PMID- 385008
TI  - Bactericidal activity of cefazedone.
AB  - Distinct bactericidal activity of (6R,7R)-7-(2-[3,5-dichloro-4-oxo-1(4H)-pyridyl]
      acetamido)-3-([(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-thio]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-aza
      bicyclo[4,2,0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cefazedone, Refosporen) could be
      demonstrated in 2 Staphylococcus aureus and 3 Escherichia coli strains. The
      effect was less in 1 strain of Proteus mirabilis. Whereas the activity in serum
      and bile was higher than in nutrient broth, the bactericidal activity in urine
      was less pronounced. The combination of cefazedone and gentamicin proved to be
      bactericidal in low concentrations.

PMID- 385007
TI  - [Clinical trials of urapidil. Review of human pharmacological studies with a
      summary of a multi-center study].

PMID- 385009
TI  - Investigations on the effectiveness of cefazedone in experimental E. coli
      pyelonephritis.
AB  - The therapeutic effectiveness of (6R,7R)-7-(2-[3,5-dichloro-4-oxo-1(4H)-pyridyl]
      acetamido)-3-([(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-thio]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1
      azabicyclo[4,2,0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cefazedone, Refosporen),
      cephazolin, cephacetrile and cephalothin was compared in the test model of
      estradiol-induced E. coli pyelonephritis in the rat. Cefazedone and cephazolin
      were similar in effect. The relations between results of treatment and
      microbiological and pharmacokinetic characteristics of the cephalosporins tested
      are discussed.

PMID- 385010
TI  - Antibiotic activity of cefazedone in experimental pyelonephritis.
AB  - The new cephalosporin derivative (6R,7R)-7-(2-[3,5-dichloro-4-oxo-1(4H)-pyridyl]
      acetamido)-3-([(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-thio]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1
      azabicyclo[4,2,0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cefazedone, Refosporen) has been
      tested for antibacterial activity in the infection and therapy model of acute E.
      coli pyelonephritis in rats. The reference substance was cephalothin. The tests
      showed a superiority of cefazedone which, however, could not be clearly confirmed
      by the significance test. Owing to its favourable pharmacokinetics in combination
      with good antibacterial activity, cefazedone can be added to the cephalosporins
      considered for use in clinical practice, especially so as the statistics for 1977
      show that the causative agents of pyelonephritis which these drugs can often
      combat effectively are present in the majority of the urine strains: E. coli
      accounted for 45%, enterococci for 18%, and Proteus for 15% out of a total number
      of 6100 urine strains.

PMID- 385011
TI  - New aspects of cell membrane radiobiology and their impact on radiation
      protection.
AB  - Recent developments in the field of the membrane biology of eukaryotic cells have
      revived relevant radiobiological studies. The supramolecular structures of
      membranes built up by the various chemical components that ensure certain
      functions and connections of the cells seem to react sensitively to ionizing
      radiations. Data concerning those radiation-induced alterations that reflect
      changes of such features and functions as surface charges, membrane-bound enzyme
      activities and receptor functions are reviewed. As the new concepts arising from
      the results obtained so far may have consequences in the theory and practice of
      radiation protection, a few areas are mentioned where the impact of the relevant
      accumulated knowledge might be expected to result in practical applications.

PMID- 385012
TI  - Evaluation of microhaemagglutination assay to determine treponemal antibodies in
      CSF.
AB  - The microhaemagglutination assay for Treponema pallidum antibodies (MHA:TP-CSF),
      the Veneral Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL-CSF), and the fluorescent
      treponemal antibody (FTA-CSF) tests were used to detect treponemal antibodies in
      3157 samples of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with syphilis, with
      neurological, metabolic, or immunological disorders, and with undetermined
      diagnoses. An agreement of 99.5% between the results of the MHA:TP-CSF and FTA
      CSF tests was obtained for all the CSF samples whereas that of only 95.5% was
      obtained for samples from the known case of syphilis. The MHA:TP-CSF test is
      simple, economical, rapid, and specific but not as sensitive as the FTA-CSF test.

PMID- 385014
TI  - [Anatonio Jose Amadeo].

PMID- 385013
TI  - False-positive test results for syphilis in relatives of a patient with systemic
      lupus erythematosus.
AB  - In a family of nine members, two had systemic lupus erythematosus and seven
      positive serological test results for syphilis. None of the affected subjects had
      a history or physical signs of syphilis, but two had positive results to the
      Treponema pallidum immobilisation test. The explanation for these findings is not
      known, but possibily they were all false-positive reactions.

PMID- 385015
TI  - [Dermatomyositis-polymyositis in infancy].

PMID- 385017
TI  - [Levamisol in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections].
AB  - Levamisole, a widely used antihelminthic drug, possesses immunotropic properties.
      It has been proved that children with recurrent infections of the respiratory
      tract who were given the drug, were capable of preventing the repetition of the
      infections. Twenty-seven (27) children with recurrent urinary tract infections
      without structural malformations were studied and in all of them, a diminished
      cellular immunity was detected (blastic transformation of lymphocytes, rosettes
      of T lymphocytes and the skin tests). The drug was administered in doses of 2.5
      mg/k/day, twice a week, for eight months. During the period of study, in 21
      children repetition of the infections were not detected and in 13, a significant
      improvement of the cellular immunity was achieved. In some children it was
      possible to prove a rise of the IgA secretary in the urine.

PMID- 385016
TI  - [Mother and child sharing the same room and breast feeding].
AB  - The author analyzes the existing relationship among breast feeding and
      socioeconomical level and degree of instruction of the mother. He also describes
      the causes for the interruption of breast feeding in a maternity where rooming-in
      existed. He stressed the importance of the motivation to the mother for breast
      feeding and the independence between levels of instruction and frequency of
      breast feeding.

PMID- 385018
TI  - [History of Argentinian pediatrics].

PMID- 385020
TI  - [Research on surface antigens with immunofluorescence on enterobiopsies of
      patients with hepatitis B].
AB  - ABsAg surface antigen was detected, on enterobiopsies at duodenal level by means
      of Crosby capsule, in 12 subjects with various types of hepatitis B and in 2
      control subjects, by means of immunofluorescence. The antigen was present in the
      duodenal mucosa of a certain number of subjects with hepatitis: this case-list
      included subjects with a tendency to relapse or with a poor chronic course
      notwithstanding the treatment. Some interpretative hypotheses are set forth.

PMID- 385019
TI  - [Pediatric ideas of my times].

PMID- 385021
TI  - Cultures from thymus and liver cells and blood lymphocytes for chromosome
      analysis in human abortions.
AB  - The authors propose a rapid method for chromosome studies in human abortions as a
      supplementary or alternative method to embryonic tissue cultures. Cultures were
      set up from fetal lymphocytes and thymus and liver cells. 72 hours was the
      longest time necessary to obtain suitable chromosome preparations. A very high
      rate of success was obtained in the 28 cases studied.

PMID- 385022
TI  - Fifty years ago--a royal send-off for the Eastman Clinic.

PMID- 385023
TI  - A comparison of the effects of labetalol, bendrofluazide and their combination in
      hypertension.
AB  - 1 Bendrofluazide (10 mg/day) or labetalol (300 mg and 600 mg/day) produced
      significant reductions in lying, standing, and post-exercise blood pressure in
      ten hypertensives. 2 Active treatments were approximately equivalent in anti
      hypertensive effect. However, comparing lying and standing determinations,
      labetalol (600 mg/day) produced significantly greater additional postural falls
      in systolic blood pressure than during placebo or bendrofluazide treatment. 3
      Systolic blood pressure rose after exercise during placebo or bendrofluazide
      treatment. However, on labetalol, mean changes in systolic blood pressure after
      exercise were negative and significantly different from those seen on placebo. 4
      Greater reductions in lying and post-exercise systolic blood pressure were
      produced by combination treatment than by either individual drug. Additional
      postural and exercise-related falls in systolic blood pressure tended to be
      smaller with combination treatment than during treatment with labetalol alone. 5
      Labetalol significantly reduced lying, standing, or post-exercise heart rate by
      comparison with placebo or bendrofluazide. 6 Labetalol significantly reduced
      lying, standing, or post-exercise heart rate by comparison with placebo or
      bendrofluazide. 6 Labetalol moderately reduced plasma renin activity, whereas
      bendrofluazide caused marked elevation. The effect of bendrofluazide predominated
      during combination treatment.

PMID- 385024
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a new antihypertensive vasodilating agent PR--G 138 Cl.
AB  - 1 The cardiovascular effects of a new substance (PR--G 138) with vasodilating
      action were analysed in 12 patients with moderately severe essential hypertension
      on a 60 mEq sodium diet in a metabolic ward. To prevent tachycardia, propranolol
      40 mg four times daily was given during the control period until blood pressure
      (BP) was stabilized, and continued throughout the study. 2 The compound was
      effective in every patient except one, who also was resistant to hydrallazine and
      diazoxide. Mean arterial pressure was lowered from a mean control value of 121 +/
      11 supine and 118 +/- 13 standing to 98 +/- 18 and 95+/- 15 mm Hg (P less than
      0.001) respectively after a single oral dosage of 5 to 15 mg PR--G 138. The
      effect was maximal after 1--2 h and lasted up to 6 h. 3 With adequate dosage,
      there was no orthostatic reaction. Pulse rate and plasma renin activity did not
      rise during PR--G 138 treatment, and cardiac output increased only slightly,
      doubtlessly as a result of the propranolol therapy. In most patients 5 mg of the
      drug was sufficient to cause a drop of BP to normal levels. Exercise tolerance
      (bicycle ergometry) was constant or improved during drug action. One patient
      complained of headache, but no other side effects were seen provided that
      propranolol was taken when the drug was given. During 3 months treatments on an
      out-patient basis the effect was sustained in four of eight patients. No toxic
      effects have been noticed.

PMID- 385025
TI  - A single dose comparison of piretanide and bumetanide in congestive cardiac
      failure.
AB  - 1 This study has compared the diuresis produced by a single oral administration
      of 6 mg piretanide, 9 mg piretanide and 1 mg bumetanide in a group of nine
      patients with cardiac failure using a balanced randomized design. 2 The
      natriuresis and kaliuresis produced in the first 6 h after administration of
      piretanide 9 mg and bumetanide 1 mg were similar. Piretanide 6 mg produced a
      lesser response. 3 There was evidence of sodium and water conservation following
      the diuresis for up to 48 h with all three treatments. 4 The patterns of urate
      and calcium excretion were similar for the two diuretics.

PMID- 385026
TI  - Serum protein binding of valproic acid and its displacement by palmitic acid in
      vitro.

PMID- 385027
TI  - Lack of hepatic enzyme inducing effect of sodium valproate.

PMID- 385028
TI  - Mianserin--a study of different dosage regimes in psychiatric outpatients.

PMID- 385029
TI  - A controlled clinical trial on the effect of piracetam in epileptic children.

PMID- 385030
TI  - A human testicular teratoma serially transplanted in immune-deprived mice.
AB  - Serial transplantation of an HCG-producing human testicular teratoma in immune
      deprived mice is described. The xenografted tumour was compared to the tumour of
      origin in histology, immunohistochemistry (using an immune peroxidase technique
      to localize HCG) autoradiography, marker production and growth rate. It is
      concluded that the xenograft retained the characteristics of the original tumour
      with the exception of a reduction in HCG-producing elements at transplantation
      beyond 5 serial passages.

PMID- 385031
TI  - Presence and significance of tumour cells in the spleen of tumour-bearing
      hamsters.

PMID- 385033
TI  - I. W. Whimster.

PMID- 385032
TI  - Amyloid in basal cell carcinomas.
AB  - Stromal or intratumour deposits of amyloid were found in thirty of forty-six
      randomly selected basal cell carcinomas. Amyloid was found less often in
      histologically aggressive tumours than in other sub-types. Immunoglobulins,
      predominantly IgM, were demonstrated in all but one of these thirty cases,
      corresponding to the distribution of the amyloid deposits. Electron microscopy
      revealed 'early' amyloid in one case which showed numerous stromal IgM bodies on
      immunofluorescence but no evidence of amyloid by routine histochemical methods.

PMID- 385034
TI  - Immunofluorescence study of pityriasis lichenoides.

PMID- 385036
TI  - Theoretical considerations of headgear therapy: a literature review. 1.
      Mechanical principles.

PMID- 385035
TI  - Robert Leishman, MD, FRCP Glas, DOMS.

PMID- 385037
TI  - Orthodontic decalcification, the ultrasonic instrument, and the premade
      positioner. A new orthodontic triad.

PMID- 385038
TI  - Theoretical considerations of headgear therapy: a literature review. 2. Clinical
      response and usage.

PMID- 385039
TI  - Identification of tertiary base pair resonances in the nuclear magnetic resonance
      spectra of transfer ribonucleic acid.
AB  - The low-field hydrogen-bond ring NH proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
      spectra of several transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs) related to yeast tRNAPhe
      have been examined in detail. Several resonances are sensitive to magnesium ion
      and temperature, suggesting that they are derived from tertiary base pairs. These
      same resonances cannot be attributed to cloverleaf base pairs as shown by
      experimental assignment and ring current shift calculation of the secondary base
      pair resonances. The crystal structure of yeast tRNAPhe reveals at least six
      tertiary base pairs involving ring NH hydrogen bonds, which we conclude are
      responsible for the extra resonances observed in the low-field NMR spectrum. In
      several tRNAs with the same tertiary folding potential and dihydrouridine helix
      sequence as yeast tRNAPhe, the extra resonances from tertiary base pairs are
      observed at the same position in the spectrum.

PMID- 385041
TI  - Paramagnetic ion effects on the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of transfer
      ribonucleic acid: assignment of the 15--48 tertiary resonance.
AB  - We have studied the effects of Co2+ and Mn2+ ions on the low-field nuclear
      magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of pure class 1 transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA)
      species. With 1.2 mM tRNA in the presence of 15 mM MgCl2 discrete paramagnetic
      effects were observed for Co2+ at concentrations in the range 0.02--0.1 mM and
      for Mn2+ in the range 0.002--0.01 mM, indicating fast exchange of these cations
      with tRNA. Both of these cations paramagnetically relax the s4U8--A14 resonance
      as well as other resonances from proximal base pairs. The Co2+ site appears to be
      the same site on G15 which was observed crystallographically [Jack, A., Ladner,
      J. E., Rhodes, D., Brown, R. S., & Klug, A. (1977) J. Mol. Biol. 111, 315-328];
      the initially occupied tight Mn2+ site is the cation site involving the phosphate
      of U8. There are three base pairs within 10 A of both sites, namely, G15--C48,
      A14--s4U8, and C13--G22; this has led to the assignment of the G15--C48 and C13-
      G22 resonances in the NMR spectrum [Jack, A., Ladner, J. E., Rhodes, D., Brown,
      R. S., & Klug, A. (1977) J. Mol. Biol. 111, 315--328; Holbrook, S. R., Sussman,
      J. L., Warrant, R. W., Church, G. M., & Kim, Sung-Hou (1977) Nucleic Acids Res.
      4, 2811--2820; Quigley, G. J., Teeter, M. M., & Rich, A. (1978) Proc. Natl. Acad.
      Sci. U.S.A. 75, 64--68].

PMID- 385040
TI  - Nuclear magnetic resonance studies on transfer ribonucleic acid: assignment of AU
      tertiary resonances.
AB  - The hydrogen-bonded ring NH nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of several
      transfer ribonucleic acid (RNA) species have been examined with particular
      emphasis on the extreme low-field portion. Betwen --13.8 and --15 ppm there are
      two extra resonances which are not derived from cloverleaf base pairs. A combined
      approach involving undermodified tRNAs, chemical modification, and hairpin
      fragment studies has assigned the T54--A58 resonance at --14.3 ppm in yeast
      tRNAPhe and Escherichia coli tRNA1 Val., the U8--A14 resonance has been assigned
      at --14.3 ppm, and the s4U8--A14 resonance in bacterial tRNAs has been assigned
      at --14.9 ppm. The T54--A58 resonance shifts between --14.3. and --13.8 ppm
      depending on the surrounding nucleotide sequence in the ribothymidine loop.

PMID- 385042
TI  - Nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the tertiary folding of transfer
      ribonucleic acid: assignment of the 7-methylguanosine resonance.
AB  - Analysis of the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of several
      class 1 D4V5 transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) species containing 7
      methylguanosine in their variable loops reveals a set of six to seven tertiary
      base pair resonances, one of which is always located at ca. --13.4 ppm. Other
      tRNA species which do not contain 7-methyl-guanosine do not contain the tertiary
      resonance at --13.4 ppm. Chemical removal of 7-methylguanosine from several tRNAs
      containing the same dihydrouridine (DHU) helix sequence as yeast tRNAPhe results
      in the loss of the --13.4-ppm tertiary resonance. In the initiator methionine
      tRNA, which contains a different DHU helix sequence, the 7-methylguanosine
      hydrogen bond has been assigned at --14.55 ppm by chemical removal of this
      residue. In these experiments the aromatic C8H proton of 7-methylguanosine was
      also assigned (--9.1 ppm). The unexpectedly low-field position of the 7
      methylguanosine resonance is explained by the deshielding effect of the
      delocalized positive charge in this nucleoside.

PMID- 385043
TI  - Mechanistic studies on deoxyribonucleic acid dependent ribonucleic acid
      polymerase from Escherichia coli using phosphorothioate analogues. 2. The
      elongation reaction.

PMID- 385044
TI  - In vivo studies on the incorporation of microinjected acidic proteins of the
      large ribosomal subunit from Escherichia coli and artermia salina into oocyte
      ribosomes from Xenopus laevis.
AB  - Tritium-labeled acidic proteins from the large ribosomal subunit of Artermia
      salina or Escherichia coli were microinjected into the cytoplasm of stage IV/V
      oocytes from Xenopus laevis. eL12 from the large ribosomal subunit of A. salina
      but not L7/L12 or L7/L12--L10 from E. coli is specifically incorporated into 60S
      ribosomal subunits of oocytes. This incorporation is not significantly inhibited
      by actinomycin D. Incorporation of eL12 into the 60S subunits occurs in
      enucleated oocytes, suggesting that active ribosomal ribonucleic acid synthesis
      and ribosome assembly as well are not prerequired for this reaction. Apparently
      the incorporation proceeds via an exchange reaction between a free cytoplasmic
      pool of eL12 and ribosomal eL12.

PMID- 385045
TI  - T7 deoxyribonucleic acid directed, rapid-turnover, single-step addition reactions
      catalyzed by Escherichia coli ribonucleic acid polymerase.

PMID- 385046
TI  - Peptidyl transfer ribonucleic acid hydrolase activity of proteinase k.
AB  - Proteinase k, a seryl-protease obtained from Tritirachium album, is able to
      specifically hydrolyze N-blocked aminoacyl transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs).
      The blocked amino acid is released, and the tRNA molecule remains able to be
      recharged by its cogante amino acid. Aminoacyl-tRNAs are highly resistant to
      hydrolysis by the protease. This activity is not due to contamination of the
      protease preparation. A commercial protease from Streptomyces griseus displayed a
      similar activity, while trypsin, chymotrypsin, and papain unspecifically
      hydrolyzed all charged tRNAs tested. The characteristics of the hydrolysis
      performed by proteinase k closely resemble the peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase activity
      described in different cells as a scavenger for the peptidyl-tRNA that eventually
      falls from the polysomes. Out results warn about a hasty identification of any N
      blocked aminoacyl-tRNA hydrolase activity in the cytoplasm as an independent
      peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase.

PMID- 385047
TI  - A single amino acid substitution in a histidine-transport protein drastically
      alters its mobility in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
AB  - Mutation hisJ5625 has altered the histidine-binding protein J of Salmonella
      typhimurium such that histidine transport is impaired, even though binding of
      histidine by the J protein is unimpaired [Kustu, S.G., & Ames, G.F. (1974) J.
      Biol. Chem. 249, 6976--6983]. We have determined by protein analytical methods
      that the only effect of this mutation has been the substitution of a cysteine
      residue for an arginine at a site in the interior of the polypeptide chain. This
      arginine residue is therefore potentially essential for the transport function of
      the protein. The mutant protein migrates in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis more slowly than the wild type protein, as if its molecular
      weight were greater by as much as 2000. Since this behavior is apparently due to
      a single amino acid replacement, a molecular weight difference even between two
      closely related proteins should not be inferred solely on the basis of sodium
      dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 385048
TI  - Thallous ion is accumulated by potassium transport systems in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The accumulation of 204T1+ by Escherichia coli occurs primarily via either of two
      K+ transport systems called Kdp and TrkA. T1+ influx is inhibited and T1+ efflux
      is stimulated by the addition of K+ to the assay medium. Mutants defective in
      both the Kdp and TrkA systems accumulate little T1+. Uptake of
      triphenylmethylphosphonium, a lipid-soluble cation whose distribution is widely
      used to estimate the membrane electrical potential in bacteria, occurs to about
      the same extent in mutants that accumulate little T1+ as in strains that
      accumulate T1+ to high levels. These findings indicate that T1+ may be useful as
      a probe of bacterial K+ transport systems but is not a reliable indicator of the
      membrane electrical potential in E. coli.

PMID- 385049
TI  - Isolation and characterization of fourteen ribosomal proteins from small subunits
      of yeast.
AB  - A method for preparation of a large amount of ribosomal subunits from
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae by a Ti-15 zonal rotor is described. The proteins of the
      small subunits (ca. 50 000 A260 units) were separated into 22 fractions by
      chromatography on carboxymethylcellulose columns. Fourteen proteins were then
      purified from the ten chromatographic fractions by filtration through Sephadex G
      100 or Sephacryl S--200. The isolated proteins are YP 6, YP 7, YP 9, YP 12, YP
      14', YP 14'', YP 28, YP 38, YP 45, YP 50, YP 52, YP 58, YP 63, and YP 70. The
      molecular weight and amino acid compositions of these proteins are presented.

PMID- 385050
TI  - Internal motions in myosin.
AB  - High-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) measurements were made
      on myosin, heavy meromyosin (HMM), myosin subfragment 1 (S1), light meromyosin
      (LMM), and actin. A strong signal from amino acid side chains undergoing motions
      too fast to be accounted for by simple rotations of groups on a rigid backbone
      was obtained from myosin. Comparison of myosin, HMM, S1, and LMM showed that the
      mobile region is located almost entirely in S1 and accounts for approximately 22%
      of its structure. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and ATP analogues had no
      measurable effect on the S1 spectrum. Actin, on the other hand, quenched the
      internal motions of S1. When S1 was titrated with actin, an association was
      obtained which was in agreement with other measured values. The actin effect was
      reversed by adding magnesium pyrophosphate (MgPPi) or adenyl-5'-yl imidophosphate
      (MgAMPPNP). Quantitative treatment of the broad signals from myosin and its
      subfragments substantiated the existence of two flexible regions in myosin. The
      highly mobile portion of myosin may be located in the "swivel" between S1 and the
      rest of myosin or in the actin binding site or in both. These possibilites are
      discussed, and a new possible mechanism for muscle cross bridge elasticity is
      proposed.

PMID- 385051
TI  - Covalent cross-linking of transfer ribonucleic acid to the ribosomal P site.
      Mechanism and site of reaction in transfer ribonucleic acid.
AB  - The covalent cross-linking of unmodified Escherichia coli N-acetylvalyl-tRNA to
      the 16S RNA of Escherichia coli ribosomes upon near-UV irradiation previously
      reported by us [Schwartz, I., & Ofengand, J. (1978) Biochemistry 17, 2524--2530]
      has been studied further. Up to 70% of the unmodified tRNA, nonenzymatically
      bound to tight-couple ribosomes at 7 mM Mg2+, could be cross-linked by 310--335
      nm light. Covalent attachment was solely to the 16S RNA. It was dependent upon
      both irradiation and the presence of mRNA but was unaffected by the presence or
      absence of 4-thiouridine in the tRNA. The kinetics of cross-linking showed single
      hit behavior. Twofold more cross-linking was obtained w-th tight-couple ribosomes
      than with salt-washed particles. Puromycin treatment after irradiation released
      the bound N-acetyl[3H]valine, demonstrating that the tRNA was covalently bound at
      the P site and that irradiation and covalent linking did not affect the peptidyl
      transferase reaction. Cross-linking was unaffected by the presence of O2, argon,
      ascorbate (1 mM), or mercaptoethanol (10 mM). Prephotolysis of a mixture of tRNA
      and ribosomes in the absence of puly(U2,G) did not block subsequent cross-linking
      in its presence nor did it generate any long-lived chemically reactive species.
      There was a strong tRNA specificity. E. coli tRNA1Val and tRNA1Ser and Bacillus
      subtilis tRNAVal and tRNAThr could be cross-linked, but E. coli tRNA2Val, 5
      fluorouracil-substituted tRNA1Val, tRNAPhe, or tRNAFMet could not. By sequence
      comparison of the reactive and nonreactive tRNAs, the site of attachment in the
      tRNA was deduced to be the 5'-anticodon base, cmo5U, or ,o5U in all of the
      reactive tRNAs. The attachment site in 16S RNA is described in the accompanying
      paper [Zimmerman, R. A., Gates, S. M., Schwartz, I., & Ofengand, J. (1979)
      Biochemistry (following paper in this issue)]. The link between tRNA and 16S RNA
      is either direct or involves mRNA bases at most two nucleotides apart since use
      of the trinucleotide GpUpU in place of poly(U2,G) to direct the binding and cross
      linking of N-acetylvalyl-tRNA to the P site did not affect either the rate or
      yield of cross-linking. Both B. subtilis tRNAVal (mo5U) and E. coli tRNA1Val
      (cmo5U) gave the same rate and yield of cross-linking when directed by the
      trinucleotide GpUpU. Therefore, the presence of the charged carboxyl group in the
      cmo5U-containing tRNA apparently does not markedly perturb the orientation of
      this base with respect to its reaction partner in the 16S RNA. The cross-linking
      of AcVal-tRNA only takes place from the P site. At 75 mM KCl and 75 mM NH4Cl,
      less than 0.4% cross-linking was found at the A site, while 55.5% was obtained at
      the P site. However, when the salt concentration was lowered to 50 mM NH4Cl, 5%
      cross-linking to the A site was detected, compared to 49% at the P site. Thus, a
      simple change in the ionic strength of the incubation mixture was able to alter
      the affinity labeling pattern of the ribosome.

PMID- 385052
TI  - Interaction of the substrate phosphate substituent with glyceraldehyde-3
      phosphate dehydrogenase.

PMID- 385053
TI  - Structure and stability of the reconstituted intermediate particles involved in
      the in vitro self-assembly of the 30S ribosomal subunit.

PMID- 385054
TI  - Circular dichroism anisotrophy of DNA with different modifications at N7 of
      guanine.
AB  - The complexex DNA-Ag1+, DNA-Cu1+, protonated DNA and DNA methylated at N7 of
      guanine were oriented by pumping the solutions through a multicapillary cell in
      the direction of a light beam. The CD components along the DNA axis, delta
      epsilon parallel, and normal to it, 2 delta epsilon perpendicular, were
      calculated from the CD spectra of the oriented samples by the method of Chung and
      Holzwarth, (1975) J. Mol. Biol. 92, 449--466. It was shown that in most cases,
      except that of the protonated DNA, the degree of orientation was only slightly
      less than that for pure DNA. This demonstrated the absence of aggregation and of
      appreciable denaturation. In all cases the modifications of DNA give rise to a
      negative component 2 delta epsilon perpendicular, whose magnitude increased as
      the extent of modification increased. From both the CD spectra of non-oriented
      samples and the absorption spectra, an inference is drawn that Ag1+ and Cu1+ are
      attached to the same site as CH3 groups i.e., to the N7 atom of guanine. Proton
      transfer along the H-bond from the N1 atom of G to the N3 atom of the
      complementary cytosine is suggested to be a result of the modifications, although
      the case of H+-DNA may differ from the others. Based on the CD spectra for the
      anisotropic components, delta epsilon parallel and 2 delta epsilon perpendicular,
      it is proposed that ligand binding is accompanied by winding of the DNA helix.

PMID- 385055
TI  - Optimization of conditions for the in vitro formation of hybrid DNA molecules by
      DNA ligase.
AB  - Conditions for the ligation with T4 induced DNA ligase of two DNA molecules via
      their complementary sticky ends have been established which lead preferentially
      to the formation of hybrid molecules. This is demonstrated with two combinations
      of parent molecules varying greatly in their relative molecular weights. In one
      case the intact hybrid molecule could be directly isolated. In addition a DNA
      dependent quantitative electrophoretic assay for DNA ligase activity is described
      which does not need a radioactively labeled substrate. The ligation procedure has
      been shown to be useful in molecular cloning experiments.

PMID- 385056
TI  - Action of thiazolidine-2-carboxylic acid, a proline analog, on protein
      synthesizing systems.
AB  - Thiazolidine-2-carboxylic acid, or beta-thiaproline, is a proline analog in which
      the beta methylene group of proline is substituted by a sulfur atom. It has been
      deomonstrated that beta-thiaproline is activated and transferred to tRNAPro by
      Escherichia coli and rat liver aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and inhibits proline
      incorporation into polypeptides in protein synthesizing systems from E. coli, rat
      liver or rabbit reticulocytes. In mammalian systems beta-thiaproline inhibits
      also leucine incorporation; in rabbit reticulocyte lysate it inhibits ribosome
      run-off. Both these effects may be explained by the fact that beta-thiaproline
      once incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain impairs its further
      elongation, as shown by experiments made with puromycin. All tests were performed
      in comparison with thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, or gamma-thiaproline, another
      proline analog having the gamma methylene group substituted by a sulfur atom; it
      was shown that in all the reactions studied both compounds act as competitive
      inhibitors of proline. Some differences in the effects of the two analogs have
      been evidenced: in almost all the reactions and mainly in the whole protein
      synthesizing systems, beta-thiaproline shows an higher inhibitory activity.

PMID- 385057
TI  - Enzyme-enzyme interaction and the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The technique of affinity chromatography has been used to demonstrate that
      enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of tyrosine and phenylalanine in Escherichia
      coli undergo reversible interactions. Thus it has been shown that the aromatic
      amino acid aminotransferase (aromatic-amino-acid: 2-oxoglutarate amino
      transferase, EC 2.6.1.57) reacts specifically with chorismate mutaseprephenate
      dehydrogenase (chorismate pyruvate mutase, EC 5.4.99.5 and prephenate: NAD+
      oxidoreductase (decarboxylating), EC 1.3.1.12) in the absence of reactants and
      with chorimate mutase-prephenatedehydratase (prephenate hydro-lyase
      (decarboxylating), EC 4.2.1.51) in the presence of phyenylpyruvate. Tyrosine
      causes dissociation of the aminotransferase: mutasedehydrogenase complex while
      dissociation of the aminotransferase-mutasedehydratase complex occurs on omission
      of phenylpyruvate. Only the active form of chorismate mutase-prephenate
      dehydrogenase participates in complex formation.

PMID- 385059
TI  - Quaternary structure of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli.
      Measurement of distances by fluorescence energy transfer.
AB  - Distances between the subunits in Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (core and holo
      enzyme) and the rifamycin binding site have been determined using the
      nonradiative energy transfer technique. The appropriate donor and acceptor labels
      have been chosen in order to optimize the spectral overlap and maximize the
      energy transfer. Spacer linked derivatives of rifamycin SV possessing nitrobenzo
      oxadiazole groups (energy acceptor) were synthesized for this purpose. The donor
      label, acetylaminoethylaminonaphthalene sulfonate, was introduced into the intact
      enzyme, and the subunits were separated. Enzyme molecules selectively labelled on
      one kind of subunit were produced by mixed reconstitution techniques employing
      labelled and non labelled subunits. The labelled beta'-subunit could not be
      prepared in sufficient amounts. Energy transfer distances between the enzyme
      bound rifamycin derivative and the subunits were determined to be approximately
      5.9 nm for sigma, 7.2 nm for alpha 2 and 6.1 nm for beta.

PMID- 385058
TI  - Isolation and characterization of porcine beta-casein.
AB  - Porcine beta-casein was isolated by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. The protein
      had a molecular weight of 24 900 as determined by gel filtration on Sephadex G
      100 in guanidine-HCl. Its amino acid composition differed from bovine beta-casein
      especia-ly in respect to serine, alanine and leucine. In common with bovine beta
      casein the N-terminal amino acid was arginine; the C-terminal was either alanine
      or valine, while the C-terminal of bovine beta-casein is valine. At any
      temperature porcine beta-casein was more sensitive to Ca2+ than bovine beta
      casein, while at a fixed Ca2+ concentration porcine beta-casein aggregated at a
      lower temperature than bovine beta-casein. Porcine beta-casein was susceptible to
      hydrolysis by calf chymosin but the proteolytic specificity differed from that of
      calf chymosin on bovine beta-casein.

PMID- 385060
TI  - Shape of proteins S3 and S17 from the small subunit of Escherichia coli ribosome.
AB  - The shapes of proteins S3 and S17 purified from the 30 S subunit of Escherichia
      coli A19 were studied by hydrodynamic methods. The proteins have s020,w values of
      2.1 +/- 0.1 S and 1.2 +/- 0.1 S and D020,w values of 7.4 +/- 0.5 . 10(-7) cm2/s
      and 11.4 +/- 0.6 . 10(-7) cm2/s. The respective molecular weights determined by
      sedimentation equilibrium are 25 800 +/- 500 and 9900 +/- 300. The intrinsic
      viscosity values for the two proteins are 5.8 +/- 0.3 ml/g and 4.2 +/- 0.2 ml/g.
      From these hydrodynamic parameters a slightly elongated shape for S3 and a
      globular shape for S17 have been concluded.

PMID- 385061
TI  - Stimulation of dehydrogenase synthesis by cadmium in a cadmium-resistant strain
      of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The activity of dehydrogenase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was estimated by
      reduction of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride. By the adaptation of yeast to
      cadmium, the high activity of dehydrogenase was observed. Furthermore, the
      activity of dehydrogenase in Cd-resistant cells was increased by growing in
      medium containing CdSO4. However, the activity of dehydrogenase was inhibited by
      the addition of CdSO4 to the reaction mixture. The activity of dehydrogenase in
      Cd-sensitive cells was increased slightly by incubation with low concentrations
      of CdSO4. High activity of dehydrogenase in Cd-resistant cells was completely
      negated by the addition of cycloheximide to the incubation medium. The increase
      of dehydrogenase activity is due partly to de novo synthesis of protein.

PMID- 385062
TI  - The primary structure of ribosomal protein S7 from E. coli strains K and B.
AB  - Ribosomal proteins S7 from 30S subunits of Escherichia coli strains K and B
      differ extensively in their aminoacid compositions. The experimental details
      which led to the determination of the complete primary structures of proteins S7K
      and S7B are presented. Protein S7K consists of a single polypeptide chain of 177
      aminoacids giving a calculated molecular weight of 19, 732, whereas protein S7B
      has 153 residues which amount to a molecular weight of 17,131. Aminoacid
      sequences were determined by a combination of automated Edman degradation of the
      intact proteins in a modified Beckman sequenator and sequencing of peptides
      obtained by digestion with trypsin. Staphylococcus aureus protease, thermolysin
      and pepsin, either by solid-phase Edman degradation or by dansyl-Edman
      degradation. Additional information about the primary structure was derived from
      peptides resulting from chemical cleavages of the protein by 2-(2-nitrophenyl
      sulphenyl)-3-methyl 3' bromoindolenine at its tryptophanyl bonds and by cyanogen
      bromide at its methionyl bonds leading to large fragments. The mutational event
      occurring between S7B and S7K was characterized. Protein S7K contains an
      additional sequence of 24 aminoacids at its C-terminal end. The aminoacid
      sequence of both proteins S7K and S7B was compared to the published sequences of
      the other ribosomal proteins of Escherichia coli and predictions for the
      secondary structure of these proteins were made.

PMID- 385063
TI  - [Dehydrogenases reducing NAD+ in the presence of D (-) 3- phosphoglycerate in
      mycobacteria (BCG, H37Ra, M. phlei)].
AB  - Referring to the elution volume on a Sephadex G-150 column only one specific peak
      is obtained, the same for the BCG, H37Ra and Mycobacterium phlei strains grown on
      Sauton synthetic medium. Some properties of these partially purified
      dehydrogenases are studied (conservation and dialysis in media of different salt
      concentrations, equilibrium constant, Km, heat stability). All enzyme
      preparations from tubercle bacilli (BCG, H37Ra) are readily inactivated by heat
      and are very unstable in solutions of low ionic strength. In contrast, under the
      same experimental conditions, all enzyme samples from M. phlei are,
      comparatively, much more stable towards these factors [heat, salt (potassium
      phosphate, NaCl) concentration].

PMID- 385064
TI  - The existence and neurobiological significance of neuronal and glial forms of the
      glycolytic enzyme enolase.
AB  - The isoenzymes of the glycolytic enzyme enolase have been separated and purified.
      The structural and functional properties of two brain enolases are described.
      Immunocytochemical techniques have established that one brain enolase is
      restricted to neuronal cells (neuron-specific enolase, NSE) while the other is
      localized in glial cells (nonneuronal enolase, NNE). The brain enolases,
      therefore, represent the first example of functional markers for neuronal and
      glial cell types in brain. The two enzymes are structurally distinct with the
      evidence establishing that they are products of separate genes. Functionally, the
      neuronal enolase has been demonstrated to be uniquely stable to concentrations of
      chloride salts that rapidly inactivate the glial enzyme. NSE may therefore
      represent an adaptation of this enzyme that is specifically suited to the
      neuronal milieu. A specific radioimmunoassay is described for NNE and NSE with
      the studies reported indicating that neuronal enzyme levels vary considerably
      when different brain areas are compared, suggesting a relationship between
      functional activity and levels of NSE. In addition to being a marker for neuronal
      cells, NSE has also been found to be present in various glands. The cells of the
      APUD series (amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cells) in the pituitary,
      adrenal medulla, pineal, thyroid, and pancreas have been shown to contain NSE.
      NSE is, therefore, also a marker for these neuronlike endocrine cells since they
      are the only cells other than neurons that contain this protein.

PMID- 385065
TI  - Age and sex differences in the distribution of lipids, tetrazolium reductases and
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the gonads and adrenals of the bank vole
      (Clethrionomys glareoulus): a histochemical study.

PMID- 385066
TI  - Modulation of prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating
      hormone (FSH) secretion by LHRH and bromocriptine (CB154) in the
      hypophysectomized pituitary-grafted male rat and its effect on testicular LH
      receptors and testosterone output.

PMID- 385067
TI  - Stimulatory feedback action of estradiol in intact and ovariectomized lactating
      rats.

PMID- 385068
TI  - Androgen synthesis in absence of Leydig and Sertoli cells in a germ cell fraction
      from rat seminiferous tubules.

PMID- 385069
TI  - Reinitiation of spermatogenesis by hormones as assessed by cellular parameters in
      vitro.

PMID- 385070
TI  - [Rostislave Euguenievitch Kavetzky].

PMID- 385071
TI  - The early outgrowth of catecholaminergic fibers and the development of the
      nucleus of the locus coeruleus in tissue culture of newborn mice in Leighton
      tubes.
AB  - A simple and reliable method of sampling explants from the nucleus of the Locus
      Coeruleus of newborn mice and their cultivation in Leighton tubes is described.
      This technique reliably provides cultures available for experiments lasting, at
      least, ten days. The cells of the nucleus of the Locus Coeruleus and newly formed
      norepinephrine-containing fibers are demonstrated by fluorescence histochemistry
      together with pharmacological tests. Their morphological characteristics before
      and after fixation and staining are described. Electron microscopy confirmed the
      healthy condition of these cultures.

PMID- 385072
TI  - Lecithin: cholesterol-acyl-transferase (LCAT) activity in renal allograft
      patients. Preliminary report.
AB  - LCAT activity is impaired in chronic renal failure. Our data show that LCAT
      activity is restored in successful renal transplant patients. Hence, relationship
      between kidney and LCAT activity can be postulated, but the underlying mechanisms
      are not yet fully clarified.

PMID- 385073
TI  - Apparent identity of mechanisms of genetic resistance to marrow transplantation
      and natural killer cell activity.
AB  - Because the phenomenon of in vitro lysis of lymphoma cells by spleen natural
      killer (NK) cells bears genetic and effector cell resemblances to genetic
      resistance to bone marrow transplantation, they were compared for additional
      known unique characteristics of the latter phenomenon. Like GR to BMT, NK cell
      activity first appeared abruptly at about 3 weeks of post-natal age; was
      radioresistant to 1 100 R whole body irradiation, but was quantitatively
      diminished by higher exposures or delay of test post-irradiation; was suppressed
      by pretreatment with either cyclophosphamide, carrageenan, silica particles, anti
      bone marrow serum or anti-thymus serum. The many unique identical characteristics
      of these two effector mechanisms indicates that they represent two manifestations
      of the same basic phenomenon of natural immunity. This is in accord with other
      data indicating that GR to BMT is directed at Hh antigens which, like TL
      antigens, may in some mouse strains appear on both leukemic cells and normal
      hemopoietic cells.

PMID- 385074
TI  - Comparison of van 't Hoff and calorimetrically determined enthalpies of binding
      of N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate to E. coli aspartate transcarbamylase.
AB  - A comparison has been made of the values obtained by direct calorimetric
      measurements and van 't Hoff analysis, under similar conditions, for the enthalpy
      of binding of the bisubstrate analog N-phosphonacetyl-L-aspartate (PALA) to E.
      coli aspartate transcarbamylase and its catalytic subunit. In the case of the
      catalytic subunit, data were obtained at both saturating and non-saturating
      concentrations of L-Asp, and at two ionic strengths. Despite a 1000-fold
      difference in protein concentrations, and the obligatory omission of carbamyl
      phosphate in the calorimetric experiments, the values obtained by the two methods
      are shown to agree to within 15% when appropriate corrections are made. These
      results suggest that subunit dissociation is not a significant factor at the low
      protein concentrations used in the van 't Hoff analysis, and, conversely, that
      aggregation of the protein is negligible at the high protein concentrations used
      in the calorimetric experiments. They also imply that, at pH 8.3, the enthalpic
      difference between the two conformational states of the enzyme which exist in the
      presence and absence of substrates is less than 2.5 kcal/mol. In addition, the
      trends in the three sets of data for the catalytic subunit indicate that ionic
      bonds are involved in binding PALA to the active site, and that non-productive
      binding by L-Asp is negligible under these experimental conditions.

PMID- 385075
TI  - Simultaneous determination of n-hexane, 2-hexanone and 2,5-hexanedione in
      biological tissues by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.
AB  - A quantitative method is reported for the determination of n-hexane, 2-hexanone
      and 2,5-hexanedione in biological tissues by stable isotope dilution using gas
      chromatography mass spectrometry. n-[2H14]Hexane, 2-[2H5]hexanone and 2,5
      [2H10]hexanedione are used as the isotopic diluents. After tissue homogenization
      and extraction of the three compounds in the presence of the deuterated internal
      standards, analysis is carried out in a single gas chromatographic injection by
      selected ion monitoring. Principal advantages of the technique are the ease of
      sample handling, rapidity of analysis and low limits of detection. The
      methodology is used to determine the organ distribution, pharmacokinetics and
      metabolism of n-hexane to 2-hexanone and 2,5-hexanedione in rats following
      inhalation exposure.

PMID- 385077
TI  - Alternate method of calculating the free-energy change accompanying the growth of
      saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hansen) on three substrates.
AB  - A method is described for determining the free energy of formation of the cells
      of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Hansen) that are formed as the result of anaerobic
      growth on glucose, and aerobic growth on glucose and ethanol. The method is based
      on the direct relationship that exists between the enthalpy changes and the free
      energy changes that accompany the oxidation of 1 g cellular material formed
      during these growth reactions and the degree of reduction of the same material.
      When the results of these calculations are used together with the free energies
      of formation of the reactants and of other products of a given growth reaction,
      it becomes possible to calculate the free-energy change accompanying this
      reaction. These free-energy changes are in excellent agreement with those
      calculated by another method based on the hypothesis that the free-energy change
      accompanying the conversion of the substrate plus other reactants into cellular
      material plus other products is equal to zero.

PMID- 385076
TI  - Immobilization of enzymes and microbial cells using carrageenan as matrix.
AB  - Conditions for the gelation k-carrageenan, which is a new polymer for
      immobilization of enzymes and microbial cells, were investigated in detail. k
      Carrageenan was easily induced to gel by contact with metal ions, amines, amino
      acid derivatives, and water-miscible organic solvents. By using this property of
      k-carrageenan, the immobilization of enzymes and microbial cells was
      investigated. Several kinds of enzymes and microbial cells were easily
      immobilized with high enzyme activities. Immobilized preparations were easily
      tailor-made to various shape such as cube, bead, and membrane. The obtained
      immobilized preparations were stable, and columns packed with them were used for
      continuous enzyme reaction for a long period. Their operational stabilities were
      enhanced by hardening with glutaraldehyde and hexamethylenediamine.

PMID- 385078
TI  - Robert Chambers, Charles Darwin and the mechanism of evolution.

PMID- 385079
TI  - The use of steroid hormone receptors in the treatment of human breast cancer: a
      review.
AB  - Basic research into the mechanisms of steroid hormone action in breast cancer has
      led to significant advances in our understanding and treatment of this disease.
      The hypothesis that measurement of estrogen receptor (ER) in breast cancer tissue
      might be useful in predicting the endocrine dependence of a tumor has been proven
      to be correct. The absence of ER connotes hormone independence and precludes a
      trial of endocrine therapy. Tumors selected for hormonal treatment on the basis
      of a positive ER respond to endocrine therapy at nearly twice the rate of those
      chosen by clinical criteria alone. However, a third of ER positive tumors fail to
      respond. Recently, research has been directed toward increasing the accuracy of
      the assay in the ER positive group. The concentration of ER in the tumor and the
      measurement of progesterone receptor (PgR) appear to improve the predictive
      accuracy of the test. The ER status of primary breast cancer is also a marker for
      the length of time to recurrence after mastectomy and for ultimate patient
      survival. Thus, in addition to its importance in the selection of treatment for
      advanced disease, the ER assay may also prove valuable in planning new adjuvant
      treatment strategies.

PMID- 385080
TI  - [Spontaneous transformation and long term culture of foetal mouse glial cells
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Six cell lines originated from foetal mouse brain were maintained in vitro for
      more than two years. The morphology of most of these cultures suggests their
      glial character. This is corroborated, for some lines, by the presence of
      specific glial protein (Glial fibrillary acidic protein, or GFAP). Five out of
      these lines remained not transplantable in animals during all the experiments.
      However one of them went through a spontaneous transformation at the eleventh
      population doubling. This culture, after transformation remained glial and when
      injected in animals, induced GFAP containing tumors.

PMID- 385081
TI  - [Malignant lymphomas in Burgundy, France (1976--1977): a new approach using
      computerized pathological diagnoses (author's transl)].
AB  - Pathology laboratories in the Burgundy region have recently been equipped with
      mini-computers using the same software and working method. This report brings
      together their histological records, stored on magnetic discs, and describes the
      first results of this regional data base. Malignant lymphomas were chosen as a
      pilot study and evaluated between January 1976 and December 1977. After a brief
      presentation of the method, 246 cases of malignant lymphoma are analysed: 95 of
      Hodgkins disease, 103 of non-Hodgkins malignant lymphoma of the nodes and 48
      cases of extranodal non-Hodgkins malignant lymphoma. The distribution of patients
      in terms of sex and ten year age groups is analysed, together with the various
      incidence rates for a year in Burgundy and in its four administrative units (Cote
      d'Or, Nievre, Saone-et-Loire and Yonne).

PMID- 385082
TI  - [Transitional tumours of urinary bladder (author's transl)].
AB  - An overall survey of the transitional epithelium of the bladder and its
      carcinomas. This study is based upon the recent literature, in particular the
      considerable contribution of scanner electron microscopy. a) The transitional
      epithelium has the reputation of having a simple structure and even behaviour. In
      fact, it is complex with highly specialised surface cells. It has marked powers
      of regeneration after aggressions of various types. b) Tumours of the
      transitional epithelium are defined in relation to rupture of the basal lamina.
      Invasive carcinomas are classified according to their histological stage of
      penetration, their pure or partially metaplasic type and their degree defined
      according to the criteria of Broders. There exists a correlation between these
      three types of evaluation. Non-invasive carcinomas are either papillary--putting
      into question the reality of benign bladder papilloma--or flat mucosal and then
      often associated closely or at a distance with an invasive carcinoma. c) Abnormal
      regeneration, dysplasia or hyperplasia as a result of aggressions of different
      types or developing in isolation represent a high risk histologically, implying
      the need for careful follow-up and surveillance. d) Histopathological study of
      urothelial or transitional tumours is simple in operative specimens but difficult
      in biopsies. It requires close cooperation between surgeons and pathologists to
      ensure correct orientation of the fragments.

PMID- 385083
TI  - [Studies on amylase-producing lung cancer (author's transl)].

PMID- 385085
TI  - Effect of diflubenzuron on an estuarine crustacean.

PMID- 385084
TI  - Deactivation of sodium azide in the Salmonella/microsome test.

PMID- 385086
TI  - Library school education for medical librarianship.
AB  - This paper reviews the current situation in library school education for medical
      librarianship in the United States and Canada based on information from a
      questionnaire sent to teachers of courses in medical librarianship in accredited
      library schools. Since 1939, when the first course devoted entirely to medical
      librarianship was offered at Columbia University, courses have been introduced
      into the curricula of at least forty-seven of the ALA-accredited library schools.
      In 1978 there were seventy courses available through forty-seven library schools.
      Possibilities for specialization in medical librarianship are examined. Course
      content is reviewed. Implications of the MLA certification examination for
      library school courses are explored.

PMID- 385087
TI  - Residency selection process: description and annotated bibliography.
AB  - Specialty and residency training choices of medical students will affect the
      quality, mode, and geographic location of their future practice; the importance
      of such choices should not be underestimated. Medical school librarians have
      largely ignored the opportunity to interact with both medical students and
      medical school officials in providing sources needed to assist these career
      decisions, and for the most part students and administrators have ignored the
      opportunity to utilize the medical library in this process. This article presents
      an overview of the processes and procedures in which third- and fourth-year
      medical students are involved in selecting specialty and residency training, and
      provides a detailed description of the resources which the medical student should
      consult in order to make thoughtful, informed career decisions. The article urges
      medical school advisers and medical librarians to work as partners in providing
      information on specialty and residency selection to medical students.

PMID- 385088
TI  - Breakthrough in tooth preparations for full crown restorations.

PMID- 385090
TI  - Philip Burch.

PMID- 385091
TI  - The painful knee.

PMID- 385089
TI  - Age changes in human bone: an overview.

PMID- 385092
TI  - Assessment of patients for psychotherapy.
AB  - Factors in the patient which have been commonly cited by therapists as relevant
      in assessment for psychotherapy are examined as well as the research done on
      them. These factors are discussed under four categories: (a) factors related to
      the illness, (b) personal factors related to the treatment, (c) personal factors
      not directly associated with the illness and (d) current life circumstances.
      Research on methods of assessing patient suitability is discussed together with
      an account of the reasons for the rather disappointing contribution of systematic
      research.

PMID- 385093
TI  - Premenstrual syndrome: a double-blind controlled trial of progesterone and
      placebo.
AB  - Patients with premenstrual syndrome recorded their symptoms daily using menstrual
      distress questionnaires. These were analysed by a least mean square method of
      fitting sine waves. After recording an untreated cycle, patients were given
      progesterone 200 mg b.d. and placebo in a double-blind crossover manner; 75 per
      cent of patients were then given progesterone 400 mg b.d. and placebo in a
      similar manner. Treated cycles were rated by both daily menstrual distress
      questionnaires and retrospective self-assessment. Both rating methods showed
      there was no significant difference between progesterone and placebo in reducing
      symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, and in the majority of cases placebo was more
      effective, although never significantly so.

PMID- 385094
TI  - Controlled studies of the acute antidepressant effects of lithium.
AB  - In two randomized double-blind controlled trials on 63 depressed female in
      patients subject to recurrent affective disorder (bipolar and unipolar manic
      depressive psychosis) lithium was shown to have major acute antidepressant
      effects. At the end of three weeks lithium produced more uniform improvement than
      did imipramine; lithium in combination with tryptophan (in the form of Optimax)
      was superior to tryptophan alone--the latter drug having no discernible
      antidepressant activity in this group of patients. Lithium did not produce an
      antidepressant effect until the second and third week of both trials.

PMID- 385096
TI  - Leucocyte ascorbate levels and postoperative deep venous thrombosis.
AB  - Forty-four general surgical patients were included in a prospective, randomized
      double-blind controlled trial of ascorbic acid (500 mg b.d.) or placebo for 7
      days before operation. This was to test the hypothesis that vitamin C may reduce
      the instance of deep venous thrombosis postoperatively. Venous blood samples were
      taken before entering the trial, just immediately before surgery, on the day of
      operation and on three further occasions at 3-day intervals postoperatively for
      leucocyte ascorbic acid concentration (LAC). Venous thrombosis was diagnosed
      using the 125I-fibrinogen test and the leg scans interpreted by Roberts'
      criteria. There was no significant difference in the incidence of DVT between the
      treatment and placebo groups. In those with DVT (n = 23) the mean LAC on the day
      of operation was not significantly different from that in those without DVT.
      However, on the sixth and ninth postoperative days LAC levels were significantly
      lower in the DVT group. These results suggest that the administration of ascorbic
      acid preoperatively does not reduce the incidence of DVT, but a striking decrease
      in the LAC levels in the DVT patients is in keeping with the hypothesis that the
      initial event in the pathogenesis of DVT is adherence of leucocytes to the venous
      endothelium.

PMID- 385095
TI  - Wound sepsis following gastrointestinal surgery: a comparison of topical and two
      dose systemic cephradine.
AB  - A prospective study of the effect of the route of administration of prophylactic
      antibiotic on the wound infection rate following gastrointestinal surgery was
      performed. Patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups: group 1
      received no form of antibiotic prophylaxis; group 2 received 1 g of cephradine
      applied topically to the wound at closure; group 3 received 1 g of cephradine
      intravenously at induction of anaesthesia and a further intravenous dose of 500
      mg 4 h later. Wound infections occurred in 12 of 83 patients in the control group
      (14.5 per cent), in 6 of the 83 patients in the group who received topical
      antibiotic (7.2 per cent) and in 3 of the 82 patients who received systemic
      antibiotics (3.6 per cent). Only the group who received systemic antibiotic
      showed a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of wound infections
      compared with the control group (P = 0.03).

PMID- 385097
TI  - Domiciliary obstetrics.

PMID- 385098
TI  - Is long-term immunosuppressive treatment necessary to maintain good kidney graft
      function?

PMID- 385099
TI  - Depression.

PMID- 385100
TI  - Cimetidine in treatment of reflux oesophagitis with peptic stricture.
AB  - Twenty patients with reflux oesophagitis causing a tight peptic oesophageal
      stricture entered a randomised double-blind crossover trial in which they
      received cimetidine, 1.6 g daily, and matching placebo each for six months. The
      gross endoscopic appearances of oesophagitis, though not the grades of
      histopathological changes, showed significant improvement during treatment with
      cimetidine. The need for dilatation of the strictures, however, was not reduced.

PMID- 385101
TI  - Tercentenary of the first English book on tropical medicine, by Thomas Trapham of
      Jamaica.

PMID- 385102
TI  - Surgery--before and after penicillin.

PMID- 385103
TI  - Tuberculosis.

PMID- 385104
TI  - Sir Ernst Chain.

PMID- 385106
TI  - Descending pathways of the nucleus of the optic tract in the rat.
AB  - The descending pathways of the nucleus of the optic tract (pars lateralis) (NOTL)
      in the rat were examined in Nauta-Gygax impregnated sections and further
      confirmed by the horseradish peroxidase labeling technique. Following
      stereotactic lesions in the NOTL, visual cortex, and superior colliculus,
      projections which orginate in the NOTL were identified by elimination of the
      tectofugal and tectopetal fibers of the superior colliculus. The descending
      fibers from the NOTL appeared to be organized into three bundles. (1) The NOTL
      contralateral NOTL fibers, which connect bilateral NOTLs through a part of the
      posterior commissure. (2) The NOTL-nucleus tegmenti pontis and inferior olivary
      nucleus fibers, which project to the ventromedial part of the nucleus tegmenti
      pontis and the dorsal cap of the inferior olivary nucleus, ipsilaterally to the
      NOTL. (3) The NOTL-pontine nuclei fibers, which terminate within the medial one
      third of the pars lateralis of the ipsilateral pontine nuclei with topical
      relations.

PMID- 385107
TI  - Topographical origin and ganglion cell type of the retino-pulvinar projection in
      the cat.
AB  - In order to examine the pattern of the retino-pulvinar projection in the cat, the
      existence of which has been recently demonstrated using autoradiographic fiber
      tracing technique, a small amount of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected
      into the lateral part of the pulvinar nucleus at various rostocaudal levels. The
      retrogradely labeled ganglion cells were analyzed in terms of their topographical
      location and cell size, as seen inretinal whole mounts. The results were compared
      with those obtained following injections into the lateral geniculate nucleus.
      Retrogradely labeled cells were found in the retina bilaterally after injections
      of HRP into the pulvinar nucleus. Pulvinar injections produced labeling of
      retinal cells in the nasal half of the retina contralaterally, and in the
      temporal half ipsilaterally. The labeled cells were diffusely distributed in a
      retinotopically organized fashion. The representation of the area centralis in
      the retino-pulvinar projection is displaced rostrally as compared with the retino
      geniculate projection. All labeled cells after pulvinar injections were medium to
      small size and no large cells were encountered.

PMID- 385105
TI  - Copulatory behavior and the initiation of pregnancy in California voles (Microtus
      californicus).
AB  - The copulatory behavior of Microtus californicus and its effect on pregnancy
      initiation were examined in two experiments. In experiment 1 18 males and 18
      females which had received exogenous hormones participated in 54 tests of
      copulatory behavior, each continued to a satiety criterion of 30 min with no
      copulations. The basic pattern involved no lock, intravaginal thrusting,
      ejaculation possible on a single insertion and multiple ejaculation. Ejaculation
      frequency ranged from 1 to 5, with a mean of 2.2. In experiment 2, it was found
      that all females receiving satiety tests of copulatory behavior while in male
      induced estrus ovulated and became pregnant. Whereas all 10 females receiving one
      ejaculation ovulated, only 60% became pregnant. Thus, it appears that copulation
      beyond one ejaculation functions in increasing the likelihood of pregnancy. By
      comparing different species of Microtus it is proposed that copulatory patterns
      in which males persist for many thrusts and ejaculations may have evolved in
      conjunction with ornate penile morphology, large litter sizes, and high stimulus
      requirements for the initiation of ovulation and a funtional luteal phase.

PMID- 385108
TI  - Basal forebrain facilitation of reflex swallowing in the cat.
AB  - In adult cats anaesthetized with urethane, electrical and chemical stimulation of
      the basal forebrain facilitated reflex swallowing elicited by electrical
      stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve. A systematic stereotaxic mapping
      study using electrical stimulation revealed that the facilitatory sites were
      distributed along the course of the ansa peduncularis, specifically its rostral
      forebrain and hypothalamic components associated with the anterior amygdalar
      area, substantia innominata, lateral preoptic area, anterior hypothalamus and
      nucleus accumbens. By means of acute discrete radiofrequency lesions, the
      descending pathways mediating facilitatory influences from the nucleus accumbens
      and the amygdala to the brain stem were found to traverse the lateral
      hypothalamus. Ventral tegmental facilitatory sites in the midbrain are likely to
      be associated with these descending pathways; however, there is evidence for
      independent participation of this region of the brain in the control of
      swallowing. Chemical stimulation by means of microinjections of dopamine and
      apomorphine into the amygdala and nucleus accumbens also enhanced reflex
      swallowing. It is concluded that the results of this investigation implicate the
      basal forebrain as a site of integration of viscero-olfacto-gustatory information
      needed for the enactment of ingestive behaviour.

PMID- 385109
TI  - Cell-type-specific markers for distinguishing and studying neurons and the major
      classes of glial cells in culture.
AB  - We have used 4 cell-type-specific markers to identify individual glial and
      neuronal cells in dissociated cell cultures of neonatal rat sciatic nerve, dorsal
      root ganglia (DRG), optic nerve, cerebellum, corpus callosum, cerebral cortex and
      leptomeninges. Schwann cells were identified with antibodies against rat neural
      antigen-1 (Ran-1), neurons with tetanus toxin, astrocytes with antibody against
      the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and oligodendrocytes with antibody
      against galactocerebroside. All of these ligands react with cell surface
      molecules except for anti-GFAP antibody which binds to intracellular glial
      filaments. Using two-fluorochrome immunofluorescence we have studied the
      distribution of various glycoproteins and glycolipids on these 4 major neural
      cell types in short-term cultures. We have found that (1) although Ran-1 is
      expressed on glial and neuronal tumours, it was not found on normal astrocytes,
      oligodendrocytes or neurons; (2) Thy-1 was present on fibroblasts and some
      neurons but not on the majority of leptomeningeal cells or on oligodendrocytes or
      astrocytes in short-term cultures (however, it was expressed on some astrocytes
      in longer term cultures); (3) the 'large external transformation sensitive'
      (LETS) protein could be detected on fibroblasts and leptomeningeal cells but not
      on neurons or glial cells; (4) GM1 was present on all neurons, most
      oligodendrocytes and approx. 50% of other cell types; sulfatide and GM3 were only
      detectable on oligodendrocytes, while globoside was only found on some neurons.
      In addition, we were able to identify putative microglial cells by the presence
      of cell surface receptors for IgG and by their phagocytic activity; they did not
      express and of the cell-type-specific defining markers.

PMID- 385110
TI  - Identification, characterization and stereotaxic mapping of intraneuronal alpha
      melanocyte stimulating hormone-like immunoreactive peptides in discrete regions
      of the rat brain.
AB  - A highly specific antibody to alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH)
      was used to histochemically localize and biochemically identify and quantitate
      alpha-MSH immunoreactivity in nerve fibers and cell bodies of the rat brain.
      alpha-MSH-like immunoreactivity was contained in fibers throughout the brain. The
      distribution of alpha-MSH was determined by immunocytochemistry as well as by
      radioimmunoassay combined with microdissection techniques. High concentrations of
      alpha-MSH were contained in the nucleus interstitialis stria terminalis, the
      median eminence and the medial preoptic, anterior hypothalamic, periventricular,
      paraventricular, arcuate, dorsomedial, and posterior hypothalamic nuclei.
      Moderate alpha-MSH concentrations were noted in the amygdala, septum, central
      gray, dorsal raphe, and the nucleus tractus solitarius. Cell bodies containing
      alpha-MSH were observed only in the arcuate nucleus. The alpha-MSH-like compound
      in brain had similar immunochemical and electrophoretic properties of standard
      alpha-MSH but high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis demonstrated that the
      alpha-MSH-like immunoreactivity was comprised of one major and two minor
      components. The major immunoreactive peak had an identical retention time as
      alpha-MSH and therefore may be chemically identical to alpha-MSH. The similar
      retention times and immunoreactivity of the other two compounds suggest a
      similarity in size and structure to alpha-MSH. These observations demonstrate
      that fibers containing alpha-MSH emanate from the arcuate nucleus to innervate
      many other regions of the rat brain.

PMID- 385111
TI  - Theories of the dorsal bundle extinction effect.
AB  - Selective destruction of the noradrenaline systems in the rat brain using the
      neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine has been found to cause resistance to extinction in
      a number of behavioural situations. Several theories concerning the behavioural
      mechanism altered by the lesion, and hence about the role of noradrenaline in
      normal brain functioning, are proposed and evaluated. Theories suggesting a role
      for noradrenaline in activity, perseveration, internal inhibition, frustrative
      non-reward, motivation, or secondary reinforcement, fail to explain all the
      available evidence and direct tests of each theory fails to support its
      predictions. A model which suggests that noreadrenaline is involved in
      attentional behaviour, specifically in filtering out or learning to ignore
      irrelevant environmental stimuli, is successful in explaining all available data
      and direct tests of the lesioned rats' attentional capacity serve to confirm many
      of the predictions of an attentional theory of the dorsal bundle extinction
      effect.

PMID- 385113
TI  - Quantitative in vivo autoradiography with positron emission tomography.

PMID- 385112
TI  - Sets of neurons in somatic cerebral cortex of the cat and their ontogeny.
AB  - The process of set formation is briefly reviewed and five monothetic schemes for
      classification of neurons in the somatic cerebral cortex are described. Criteria
      for evaluation of neuronal sets are presented and applied to the five different
      monothetic classification schemes. Classification by size and distribution of
      peripheral receptive fields orders existing data on cortical neurons better than
      classification by possession of an axon in the pyramidal tract, by modality, by
      lability of receptive field, or by 'lemniscal properties'; however, no monothetic
      scheme orders all the data. A useful polythetic scheme, using s and m terminology
      is suggested. The ontogeny of the cerebral cortex is reviewed in detail. It is
      suggested that sa neurons are Golgi type II neurons while m neurons are Golgi
      type I neurons. The hypothesis is presented that wide-field or m neurons develop
      and are recognizable before small-field or sa neurons in ontogeny. Evidence
      regarding this hypothesis is indirect, often conflicting, but suggestive that the
      hypothesis may be correct. The idea that m neurons may also be phylogenetically
      older than sa neurons is presented and shown to be consistent with ontogenetic
      data and interpretations.

PMID- 385114
TI  - Simple apparatus for blocking small animal brains.
AB  - A modification of previously described devices for blocking small animal brains
      is presented. The apparatus is easily constructed and allows for blocking at
      varous angles of both fixed and unfixed tissue of most small laboratory animals.

PMID- 385115
TI  - [Chronic renal insufficiency in children and its treatment with intermittent
      dialysis and transplantation: 3 years of experience].

PMID- 385116
TI  - A brief history of dentistry & dental education.

PMID- 385117
TI  - The humidification of anaesthetic gases: its importance and control.

PMID- 385120
TI  - A Semicentennial. The NRCC Research Journals 1929--1979.

PMID- 385118
TI  - Awareness, muscle relaxants and balanced anaesthesia.
AB  - The incidence of awareness during insufficient anaesthesia is reported to be one
      per cent. It is usually due to the use of muscle relaxants, a balanced technique
      and the lightest possible depth of anaesthesia. Increased incidences were noted
      in open-heart surgery, during intubation-endoscopy procedures and in caesarean
      delivery patients. Experiences of awareness are disturbing to patients, who are
      usually benefited by a sympathetic and forthright explanation of the event.
      Fourteen representative cases of the problem are reported. Since no adequate sign
      or test exists for detection of awareness during very light anaesthesia or with
      associated paralysis, more meticulous attention is required in using relaxants or
      the balanced technique. Greater anaesthetic supplementation and reduction in the
      use of relaxants are recommended to halt the recurrence of this most serious
      anaesthetic problem.

PMID- 385119
TI  - Bacterial filters - are they necessary on anaesthetic machines?
AB  - At the Vancouver General Hospital the effectiveness of the system for
      decontamination of anaesthetic equipment was evaluated to determine the need for
      bacterial filters on anaesthetic machines. Two groups of patients were studied.
      Group I consisted of 33 patients, none of whom had clinical symptoms of
      respiratory tract disease. Group II consisted of 17 patients who had lower
      respiratory tract secretions. In the latter group 16 had chronic bronchitis and
      had cystic fibrosis. Of 550 bacterial cultures taken from the anaesthetic
      equipment immediately before and after anaesthesia in our 50 patients, only five
      yielded a growth of non-pathogenic bacteria. The results of this study indicate
      that bacterial colonization of anaesthetic equipment is of a low order and is
      adequately controlled by pasteurization even after use in patients with chronic
      lower respiratory tract disease. The use of bacterial filters does not appear
      justified if a strict regimen of cleaning and pasteurization is followed.

PMID- 385121
TI  - Prenatal immunization against experimental enteric colibacillosis in piglets.
AB  - To establish a model for the study of prenatal immunization against enteric
      colibacillosis a proportion of the litters of seven sows were immunized in utero
      18 to 22 days before term by intra-amniotic and intramuscular injection of
      Escherichia coli antigen and the litters challenged at birth with either
      homologous or heterologous strains. Protection against homologous challenge was
      demonstrated in some but not all vaccinated piglets. The study was severely
      compromised by the occurrence of intrauterine death in a significant proportion
      of vaccinated piglets.

PMID- 385122
TI  - Studies on experimental enteric salmonellosis in ponies.
AB  - Clinical, bacteriological, serological and haematological observations were made
      on 13 adult ponies orally inoculated with Salmonella typhimurium. The results
      were compared to two control ponies and four others infected by accidental
      transmission. The clinical responses in inoculated ponies included pyrexia
      lasting four days and neutropaenia during the first five days after inoculation
      followed by a neutrophilia. Pyrexia and neutropaenia was associated with maximal
      shedding of organisms in the rectal faeces. Changes in the character of the
      faeces occurred between one and two days after inoculation and appeared to be
      associated with the serological response. Serological responses occurred in all
      the infected ponies except one. At necropsy, of the 14 ponies with positive
      cultures in the colon, seven had negative cultures in the rectal faeces.
      Serological studies performed on 43 clinically normal horses indicated a
      correlation between age and salmonella agglutination titre.

PMID- 385123
TI  - The effects of repeated administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides to
      ponies.
AB  - Repeated exposure of ponies in Escherichia coli endotoxin resulted in attenuation
      of the packed cell volume, beta-glucuronidase, capillary refill time and
      neutrophil responses usually accompanying endotoxin administration. An overall
      decrease in severity of clinical response including reduced mortality was also
      apparent in ponies with repeated endotoxin exposure. Modification of the febrile
      response was not observed in any of the experimental groups.

PMID- 385124
TI  - Local lymphokine production in ocular inflammatory diseases.
AB  - We took samples of the aqueous humour and subretinal fluid from 12 patients
      suffering from various types of ocular inflammation. The presence of leucocyte
      migration inhibition factor in these fluids was determined using the leucocyte
      migration inhibition test. Our results indicated that this test differentiated
      ocular inflammatory reactions due to cell mediated immunity from those due to
      other mechanisms.

PMID- 385125
TI  - The seventh Stevenson Lecture. Brain amines and pituitary gonadotrophin
      secretion.

PMID- 385126
TI  - A century of psychiatric nursing.

PMID- 385127
TI  - Increase in the in vitro susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to antimicrobial
      agents in the presence of Candida albicans.
AB  - In experiments with mixed cultures of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans
      both in the absence and in the presence of 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), we have
      observed that (1) there is an inhibition of S. aureus growth in mixed cultures
      with C. albicans in media supplemented with 1 microgram/mL of 5-fc and that 5-FC
      has no effect on staphylococci in pure cultures; (2) this inhibition occurred
      with clinically isolated and laboratory strains and could be reversed by specific
      metabolites; (3) Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by filtrates of C. albicans
      cultures treated with 5-FC and this seemed to be favored by some C. albicans
      filterable product which can affect the cell wall and the permeability of the
      staphylococcal cells since they become sensitive to 5-FC; (4) nine other commonly
      used antimicrobials showed an increased inhibitory activity against S. aureus in
      mixed cultures with C. albicans; and (5) there is a decrease in the number of
      precipitating antigens of S. aureus and of the activity of alpha toxin when this
      species was grown with both C. albicans and 5-FC. Our results indicate that the
      susceptibility of some species to antimicrobials could be significantly modified
      in the presence of other species. One cannot exclude that a similar phenomenon
      could happen in hosts under treatment with antibiotics against infection.

PMID- 385129
TI  - The influence of cations on the permeability of the outer membrane of Salmonella
      typhimurium and other gram-negative bacteria.
AB  - The high sensitivity of rough mutants of Salmonella typhimurium, S. minnesota,
      and Escherichia coli 08 (i.e. with defects in the carbohydrate core of the
      lipopolysaccharide) to several antibiotics and to the dye gentian violet could be
      substantially reduced by the addition of cations (Mg2+, Na+) into the growth
      medium. One heptoseless mutant of S. typhimurium (chemotype Re) and its isogenic
      smooth parent strain were studied in more detail. The uptake of gentian violet
      was about 20% in the smooth strain, about 60% in the Re strain grown without
      additional cations, but decreased to about 15% in the same strain, when cations
      had been present during growth. In all cases, almost 50% of the gentian violet
      taken up by the cells was membrane-bound. The total membranes of the Re strain
      grown in nutrient broth without additional Mg2+ ions were reduced in the 36K and
      34K major outer membrane proteins compared with the smooth strain; when grown
      with added cations the Re total membranes (and even whole cells) did not revert
      to the protein pattern of the smooth strain.

PMID- 385128
TI  - Structural and biochemical examination of ghosts derived from a deep rough
      (heptose-deficient lipopolysaccharide) strain and a smooth strain of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Outer membrane derived 'ghosts' can be readily generated from both smooth and
      deep rough (heptose-deficient LPS) strains of Escherichia coli 08. MORPHOlogical
      and biochemical studies confirmed that 'ghosts' of both strains are composed of
      protein (four major proteins), LPS, and phospholipid (cardiolipin and
      phosphatidylethanolamine) in the form of a single membrane of roughly the same
      shape as intact normal cells. The ghost membrane cleaves only slightly in freeze
      etch preparations of ghosts derived from the smooth strain as compared to the
      extensive cleavage plane of ghosts derived from the rough strain. The
      asymmetrical distribution of ghost proteins was visualized, by critical point
      drying and shadowing with platinum, as a relatively smooth outer surface with
      some discernible particles (10-15 nm) and an extremely particulate inner surface
      (10-15-mm particles. Ghosts derived from the smooth strain retained their
      structure following chloroform-methanol extraction, while ghosts derived from the
      rough strain fragmented with chloroform-methanol extraction. Evidence is
      presented that LPS-protein interactions as well as protein-protein interactions
      are significant in maintaining the ghost structure.

PMID- 385130
TI  - Outgrowth and sporulation studies on Clostridium botulinum type E: influence of
      isoleucine.
AB  - A defined medium (CDM) is described which supported growth and sporulation of
      type E strains of Clostridium botulinum, but not sporulation of other serotypes
      of C. botulinum or C. sporogenes. As compared to growth in complex medium, spore
      outgrowth was delayed and both the growth rate and the cell yield was reduced.
      However, efficiency of sporulation of the type E MSpt strain in a chemically
      defined medium (CDM) was the same as that in complex medium and, in fact,
      sporulation was nearly synchronous and completed within 3 h of the first
      appearance of phase-bright endospores, compared with completion in 9 h in TPGY.
      Growth studies with CDM, from which single amino acids were omitted, showed that
      isoleucine was essential for outgrowth of heat-activated spores of the MSp+
      strain, whereas valine was required for that of the Ts-25 mutant. Radioactive
      isoleucine was incorporated by germinating MSp+ spores at an earlier stage and at
      a more rapid rate than labelled methionine or mixed amino acids. Uptake studies
      showed that isoleucine accumulated in a prominent acid-soluble pool during
      outgrowth, a period when its incorporation into protein was not evident. The
      results suggest that the isoleucine may be required for a purpose other than
      protein synthesis during outgrowth.

PMID- 385131
TI  - Treatment of Parkinson's disease with sodium valproate: clinical,
      pharmacological, and biochemical observations.
AB  - Because there is biochemical evidence of decreased GABAergic function in
      Parkinson's disease, sodium valproate, an inhibitor of GABA catabolism, was
      administered to eight Parkinsonian patients. Valproate treatment did not
      significantly alter any Parkinsonian feature, but tended to increase the
      dyskinesia in the "on-off" patients. The increased dyskinesias were not a result
      of altered peripheral metabolism of L-dopa. Despite obtaining high plasma levels
      of valproate, no consistent alteration of CSF GABA levels could be demonstrated.
      Thus, in these patients, an effect of valproate on GABA metabolism is unproven,
      and in turn, the role of GABA in Parkinsonism and dyskinesia uncertain.

PMID- 385133
TI  - Festschrift for Eric Wittkower, M.D. Introduction.

PMID- 385132
TI  - The use of baclofen in treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - Baclofen was used in a double-blind crossover placebo-controlled trial to treat
      spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). While on Baclofen, patients
      obtained a significant (p less than 0.001) reduction in spasticity compared to
      controls. The drug was particularly effective in alleviating flexor and extensors
      spasms, as well as their associated pain. Side effects were common in this study,
      but were usually well tolerated by the patients. The commonest side effects were
      sedation, nausea and vomiting. There were no changes in hepatic, renal, or
      hematological function in any patients. Increase weakness due to loss of
      spasticity for support was also a fairly common complaint. The drug seems best
      indicated in patients in whom spasticity is not required for support or other
      activities of daily living. Careful monitoring of the patient is essential for
      effective use of this drug.

PMID- 385134
TI  - Eastern and Western approaches to self-regulation: similarities and differences.

PMID- 385135
TI  - The scientific analyst -- a student's perspective.

PMID- 385137
TI  - Free flying sparrows as carriers of salmonellosis.
AB  - Salmonella typhimurium was isolated from nine of 60 wild sparrows trapped in the
      Guelph area. While this organism was isolated from birds trapped at several
      different locations, the highest prevalence was in sparrows trapped in close
      proximity to an animal clinic. The significance of these findings in relation to
      human and animal salmonellosis is discussed.

PMID- 385136
TI  - Roles for insulin and glucagon in the development of ruminant ketosis -- a
      review.
AB  - Ketonemia can be a physiological response to a reduction in dietary intake. It
      also may occur when energy demands exceed the energy intake. Normally, alimentary
      ketogenesis is the major source of ketone bodies in ruminants. During ketonemia
      there is increased hepatic ketone body production. During physiological ketosis,
      the mobilization of free fatty acids is inadequate to support a high rate of
      hepatic ketogenesis. However, during clinical ketosis, the hormonal status (low
      insulin, high glucagon/insulin ratio) in combination with hypoglycemia promotes
      excessive lipid mobilization and a greater hepatic removal of fatty acids and
      switches the liver to a higher rate of ketogenesis. The low insulin, furthermore,
      can impair maximal ketone body utilization, thus exacerbating the hyperketonemia.

PMID- 385138
TI  - Etoposide (VP-16-213).

PMID- 385139
TI  - Management of Burkitt's lymphoma: an update.

PMID- 385141
TI  - Past, present and future of nuclear cardiology.

PMID- 385140
TI  - Action of amyloglucosidase on oxidised amylose.
AB  - The Michaelis constant and maximal velocity of alpha-amylase-free
      amyloglucosidase decrease with increasing periodate oxidation of amylose. These
      kinetic features have been explained on the basis of competitive inhibition by
      the oxidised non-reducing end of the (1 leads to 4)-alpha-D-glucan chain with the
      active centres of the enzyme. A kinetic model is proposed to demonstrate this
      special kind of inhibition where the concentration of inhibitor is directly
      proportional to the substrate concentration. The experimental data fitted this
      model, and the plots of 1/Km and 1/V against the ratio of oxidised/unoxidised non
      reducing end-groups were straight lines.

PMID- 385142
TI  - Fatty acid uptake and "metabolic imaging" of the heart.

PMID- 385143
TI  - A computerised dichromatic earpiece densitometer for the measurement of cardiac
      output.
AB  - This study assesses a precalibrated dichromatic earpiece densitometer and
      microprocessor for the measurement of cardiac output by indocyanine green dye
      dilution. The measured cardiac output is compared with values of cardiac output
      simultaneously determined using a cuvette densitometer. The microprocessor
      computation of cardiac output agreed very closely with the cardiac output
      determined by manual calculation from the same dye dilution curves (standard
      deviation +/- 1.47%). The reproducibility of the earpiece densitometer (standard
      deviation +/- 5.2%) was virtually identical to that of the cuvette densitometer
      (+/- 5.3%). In a comparison of earpiece and cuvette densitometers for 60
      measurements of cardiac output following pulmonary arterial injection of dye and
      for 50 measurements following femoral venous injection of dye, correlation
      coefficients were 0.83 and 0.78 and the standard deviations of the differences of
      simultaneous measurements were 7.2% and 8.3% respectively. The instrument offers
      an accurate reproducible and relatively noninvasive technique for measuring
      cardiac output.

PMID- 385144
TI  - [First 40 years of the Prague Mental Home (author's transl)].

PMID- 385145
TI  - Electron microscopical-immunocytochemical evidence of ecdysteroids in the
      prothoracic gland of Galleria mellonella.
AB  - Fixation of prothoracic glands of Galleria mellonella with a solution containing
      saponin permits immunocytochemical staining of the entire gland. By this means
      ecdysteroids were demonstrated electron microscopically to be present in the
      hyaloplasm and microtubules.

PMID- 385146
TI  - Indicator dilution curves in the diagnosis of D-transposition of the great
      arteries in infancy.
AB  - Paired right and left atrial indicator dilution curves performed in a series of
      17 patients with D-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) were reviewed.
      Taken together, the patterns obtained from patients who had trivial mixing
      between the pulmonary and systemic circulations were distinctive and easily
      recognizable. In the presence of substantial degrees of intracardiac mixing,
      however, the paired curves recorded become virtually identical and cannot be
      distinguished from curves recorded from patients with other forms of cyanotic
      congenital heart disease characterized by obligatory admixture. Thus paired
      atrial dye curves demonstrate a high degree of diagnostic specificity for the
      infant with D-TGA at greatest risk, normally those with a small intracardiac
      shunt. Such a procedure should facilitate early balloon atrial septostomy and
      obviate deterioration in the infant's condition due to prolonged catheter
      manipulation and/or angiography.

PMID- 385147
TI  - Replication of each copy of the yeast 2 micron DNA plasmid occurs during the S
      phase.
AB  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains 50-100 copies per cell of a circular plasmid
      called 2 micron DNA. Replication of this DNA was studied in two ways. The
      distribution of replication events among 2 micron DNA molecules was examined by
      density transfer experiments with asynchronous cultures. The data show that 2
      micron DNA replication is similar to chromosomal DNA replication: essentially all
      2 micron duplexes were of hybrid density at one cell doubling after the density
      transfer, with the majority having one fully dense strand and one fully light
      strand. The results show that replication of 2 micron DNA occurs by a
      semiconservative mechanism where each of the plasmid molecules replicates once
      each cell cycle. 2 micron DNA is the only known example of a multiple-copy,
      extrachromosomal DNA in which every molecule replicates in each cell cycle.
      Quantitative analysis of the data indicates that 2 micron DNA replication is
      limited to a fraction of the cell cycle. The period in the cell cycle when 2
      micron DNA replicates was examined directly with synchronous cell cultures.
      Synchronization was accomplished by sequentially arresting cells in G1 phase
      using the yeast pheromone alpha-factor and incubating at the restrictive
      temperature for a cell cycle (cdc 7) mutant. Replication was monitored by adding
      3H-uracil to cells previously labeled with 14C-uracil, and determining the 3H/14C
      ratio for purified DNA species. 2 micron DNA replication did not occur during the
      G1 arrest periods. However, the population of 2 micron DNA doubled during the
      synchronous S phase at the permissive temperature, with most of the replication
      occurring in the first third of S phase. Our results indicate that a mechanism
      exists which insures that the origin of replication of each 2 micron DNA molecule
      is activated each S phase. As with chromosomal DNA, further activation is
      prevented until the next cell cycle. We propose that the mechanism which controls
      the replication initiation of each 2 micron DNA molecule is identical to that
      which controls the initiation of chromosomal DNA.

PMID- 385148
TI  - Bone marrow as a major lymphoid organ in Rana.

PMID- 385149
TI  - The effects of histamine on leukocyte migration test in man. I. Demonstration of
      a LIF production inhibitor (LIF-PI).

PMID- 385150
TI  - The role of microtubules in the response of macrophages to MIF.

PMID- 385151
TI  - Immunoadsorbent removal of antibodies produced during in vitro culture relieves
      inhibition of the response.

PMID- 385152
TI  - Actomyosin organisation for adhesion, spreading, growth and movement in chick
      fibroblasts.
AB  - Examination of the actomyosin structures and their relation to adhesion, movement
      and growth in the first fibroblasts migrating from chick heart explants shows
      striking differences with fibroblasts adapted to grow in culture. The latter have
      focal adhesions which seem to immobilize them for anchorage-dependent growth,
      rather than facilitate their movement. The fibroblasts specialized for movement
      from the explants, though equally well spread, make contact with substratum
      through extensive areas of relatively unspecialized membrane, have less well
      developed stress fibres and a low growth rate.

PMID- 385153
TI  - [60th birthday of Dr. Frantisek Macku].

PMID- 385154
TI  - [30 years of the J.E. Purkyne Czechoslovak Medical Society].

PMID- 385155
TI  - [Special aspects of prosthesis construction in defects of dental arches
      complicated by pathological tooth abrasion].

PMID- 385156
TI  - [The effect of the electromagnetic field on the function of an implanted
      cardiostimulator during stomatologic treatment].

PMID- 385157
TI  - [The history of Czech social medicine. 4. Theory and practice of socialist health
      care. b) Striving towards the Marxist theory of socialist health care in
      Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 385158
TI  - [Medical chambers in the system of medical laws in the first Czechoslovak
      Republic].

PMID- 385159
TI  - [Autochthonous malaria and malarian liver. Apropos of 1 case].
AB  - Report of the case of a patient, store-keeper at the Roissy airport, suffering
      from an autochtonous primo-invasion falciparum malaria. The clinical symptoms
      were hectic fever and painful hepatomegalia, followed 14 days after by  a typical
      tertian fever. All investigations being negative, a laparoscopy was carried out,
      which showed a black liver, and a biopsy demonstrated the malaria pigment in
      Kupffer cells. Malaria was confirmed by the study of a blood smear. This
      diagnostic hypothesis had not been raised, because of the absence of any
      epidemiologic argument. It seems necessary to think of autochthonous malaria
      among the etiologies of prolonged summer fevers in people living or working in
      the neighbourhood of airports, the more so that the frequency of this peculiar
      mode of contamination should logically increase.

PMID- 385160
TI  - [Comparative study of immunoenzyme technics, ELISA and on formed antigens, in the
      immunologic diagnosis of African trypanosomiasis].
AB  - The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of human
      african trypanosomiasis is described, comparatively with the immunoperoxidase
      technique using blood streamforms of Trypanosoma brucei as antigen. Practical
      aspects for measuring the amount of antibody in serum samples from infected
      rabbits and from patients with african sleeping sickness are discussed. ELISA
      does offer important advantages over the other method used namely: --
      quantitative estimates are possible, -- it bends itself readily to large scale
      series, owing the fact that it can be fully automatic. These qualities will be
      turned to full account when the different classes of antibodies present in
      trypanosomiasis suffers can be examined by means of specific antigenic fractions.

PMID- 385161
TI  - [Indirect immunofluorescence in the therapeutic surveillance of trypanosomiasis
      (preliminary note)].
AB  - The authors have studied the evolution of fluorescent antibodies in the serum and
      the C. S. F. of treated Sleeping Sickness patients regularly examined when coming
      to Brazzaville for their periodical controls. They have observed more than 200
      patients who were followed during three years. The authors demonstrated that
      curing patients show the following particularities: -- serum becomes negative
      less rapidly than C. S. F., -- delay of negativation of the serum varies
      according to the stage of the disease, -- the C. S. F. positive in fluorescence
      becomes negative in less than twelve months. On the other hand, relapsing
      patients show some striking differences, such as: -- C. S. F. remains always
      strongly fluorescent positive, -- the serology remains positive too, but can
      present some fluctuations. Some very particular cases such as "nuclear
      fluorescence only" or discrepancy between IFAT and clinico-parasitological data
      are then analysed. From a practical point of view, it appears that, as often as
      not, the evolution of fluorescent antibodies in serum and in C. S. F. allows to
      prognose either the cure or the relapse less than one year after treatment.

PMID- 385162
TI  - [Comparative study of the value of Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma
      haematobium antigens in the indirect immunofluorescent reaction applied to the
      diagnosis of rectal S. intercalatum bilharziasis].
AB  - A comparative study of the value of antigenic sections of S. mansoni and S.
      haematobium in indirect immunofluorescence applied to the diagnosis of S.
      intercalatum rectal bilharziosis (in 66 cases) shows that far better results are
      obtained with S. haematobium antigen (83,3 0/0 positive reactions with higher
      titers dilution) than with S. mansoni (33,3 0/0 positive reactions).

PMID- 385165
TI  - [Cilio-retinal artery occlusion and carotid insufficiency].

PMID- 385164
TI  - [Filarian elephantiasis in French Polynesia (Wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica).
      II. Biological aspects].
AB  - Realized in French Polynesia among 274 patients with elephantiasis, this survey
      studied the microfilaremia, the eosinophily, the immunoglobulin titers and the
      antifilarian antibodies (done by passive hemagglutination) for Wuchereria
      bancrofti var. pacifica. Patients with elephantiasis seldom have circulating
      microfilariae in their blood. Hypereosinophily is frequent but rarely high. It is
      similar to the one patients with microfilaremia. There is a trend towards
      neutropenia during lymphangitic crisis that occur on an elephantiasis limb. The
      IgE titer is clearly increased, the IgG one is lesser elevated. The mean values
      are identical to those encoutered among microfilariae asymptomatic cariers. On
      the other hand the serodiagnosis is more frequently positive among elephantiasic
      patients.

PMID- 385163
TI  - [Filarian elephantiasis in French Polynesia (Wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica).
      Health study on 274 subjects. I Epidemiological and Clinical aspects].
AB  - Twenty-five years after the fight started against Wuchereria bancrofti var.
      pacifica in French Polynesia and which was based upon mass chimiotherapy by
      diethylcarbamazine (Banocide), a survey realized in 1975 and 1976 among 274
      patients with elephantiasis allows us to give precise details of the local
      clinical and epidemiological aspects. Since 1950 the number of clinical cases
      varies along with the parasitological incidence, but with a certain delay which
      is explained by the late and irreversible elephantiasis characteristics. The
      overall prevalence is actually low. However the occurrence of new cases, although
      very rare, is still possible. Among sick patients the lymphangitic crisis
      frequency whose aspect lead to evoke a bacterial participation, is low. Women are
      less frequently and less severely involved than men. Localisations are
      essentially restricted to the lower limbs. Several limbs are involved in
      approximately 50 0/0 of the cases. The scrotum involvement is rare, the one of
      the breast is found only once. Among men we can notice a 33 0/0 incidence of
      associated hydroceles. A past history of chyluria is not rare.

PMID- 385166
TI  - [The absence of sub-epithelial KCE nodules on the graft].

PMID- 385168
TI  - Computer-assisted measurements of coronary artery stenosis.

PMID- 385167
TI  - Assessment of left ventricular function in secundum atrial septal defect by
      computer analysis of the M-mode echocardiogram.
AB  - Left ventricular function in 53 patients with secundum atrial septal defect was
      assessed by computer-assisted analysis of the left ventricular echocardiogram and
      by cardiac catheterization. The patients were divided into two groups, those
      younger and those older than 60 years, to investigate the effect of aging on left
      ventricular function. Cavity size was significantly smaller than normal (p less
      than 0.01) and septal motion was abnormal in 86%, but values for cardiac index,
      left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, velocity of circumferential fiber
      shortening, left ventricular filling rate, and duration of rapid filling were
      normal in both groups. Regional dynamics assessed in terms of peak rates of
      systolic thickening and diastolic thinning of the septum and posterior wall were
      also normal in both groups. We concluded that, although left ventricular minor
      dimensions are small, and septal motion is reversed in the majority of patients
      with atrial septal defect, left ventricular function is normal, and it does not
      appear to deteriorate with increased age, pulmonary hypertension, or the presence
      of right ventricular failure. The abnormal septal motion appears to be
      compensated for by enhanced septal and posterior wall percentage thickening.

PMID- 385169
TI  - Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

PMID- 385170
TI  - Pitfalls to avoid when comparing CK-MB fractionation by antibody inhibition
      reaction and DEAE-Sephadex column chromatography.
AB  - 1. We compare the Roche ion-exchange column chromatography and the Merck antibody
      inhibition reaction for CK-MB fractionation in 51 sera. Measurements of total CK
      and CK-MB activities must be done under the same conditions for each method in
      order to correlate the results. 2. A decisional value must be used for the
      interpretation of CK-MB results. We have used 10% for the inhibition assay and 3%
      for the chromatography procedure. The use of a percentage should be preferred to
      use of CK-MB activity alone. 3. When the % of CK-MB was established for the 51
      patients only 4 results disagreed between the two methods. Three of these could
      be explained by a lack of sensitivity of the column chromatography procedure. 4.
      The antibody assay produces reliable results. Since CK-BB and CK-MB are
      simultaneously measured, the method is therefore prone to interference by CK-BB
      when present in serum. The assay is greatly affected by the presence of adenylate
      kinase in serum. It is not necessary to run a serum blank with this procedure
      when the serum in pre-incubated for 7 minutes with the reagents. 5. The Roche
      method also produces reliable results but offers less sensitivity when total CK
      remains in the normal range. The procedure is much less affected by the presence
      of adenylate kinase.

PMID- 385171
TI  - Oral orthopedics and movement of maxillary segments. A roentgen
      stereophotogrammetric study.
AB  - An infant with a complete unilateral cleft of the lip and palate underwent
      maxillary expansion treatment using an oral orthopedic appliance. Movement of the
      maxillary bone segments was studied by means of metallic implants and roentgen
      stereophotogrammetry, and intra-oral changes were recorded by measuring
      transverse dimensions on casts. Expansion treatment had almost no influence on
      the positions of the maxillary segments, and movements of the segments showed
      little agreement with measures on casts. The findings suggest that the
      appropriate use of the term oral orthopedics and the evaluation of treatment
      effects would benefit from evaluating the movement of the segments by methods
      other than measurements of casts.

PMID- 385172
TI  - Fluorescence polarization immunoassay for cortisol.
AB  - A fluorescence polarization immunoassay for serum cortisol was established using
      cortisol 21-amine which was readily coupled with fluorescein isothiocyanate. The
      proposed method is sufficiently sensitive, reliable, specific and simple for
      routine determination of serum cortisol. The assay is rapid, without separation
      of antibody-bound and free ligands. The minimal amount of cortisol detected was
      1.5 ng/tube and the measurable range was from 1.5 to 100 micrograms/dl. There was
      a good correlation between values obtained from radioimmunoassay and the proposed
      method.

PMID- 385173
TI  - Duchenne muscular dystrophy: 45Ca exchange in cultured skin fibroblasts and the
      effect of calcium ionophore A23187.
AB  - Calcium exchange was studied in skin fibroblasts cultured from eight subjects
      with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, four with Limb Girdle dystrophy and eight
      normal controls using 45Ca. No difference was found in the time course of calcium
      exchange between the groups, nor in the level of 45Ca when maximal exchange had
      occurred. Treatment of the cultures with the calcium ionophore A23187 resulted in
      higher levels of calcium exchange over a 2-H period. The increase was similar in
      the cultures from the 3 patient groups studied.

PMID- 385175
TI  - Hypotrypsinaemia in diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Plasma trypsin concentrations were measured in 403 fasting diabetics and 106
      healthy controls. Basal trypsin concentrations in the normal subjects were 88 +/-
      6 ng/ml (mean +/- S.E.M.). Mean plasma trypsin concentrations in diabetics
      treated with diet alone (n = 74) were 45 +/- 2 ng/ml, while in a group of young
      (less than 35 years, n = 88) insulin-dependent diabetics, they were very low at
      29 +/- 2 ng/ml and these levels were inversely related to insulin dosage. The
      findings may help in the understanding of the pathophysiological changes in the
      exocrine pancreas in the diabetic state and may also shed some light on the
      physiological interrelationship between the endocrine and exocrine pancreas.

PMID- 385177
TI  - Obituary.

PMID- 385176
TI  - Action of human pancreatic and salivary alpha-amylases on maltooligosaccharides:
      evaluation of kinetic parameters.
AB  - The kinetic studies on the reactions of human pancreatic and salivary alpha
      amylases with several maltooligosaccharides (maltotetraose, maltopentaose,
      maltohexaose, and maltoheptaose) were carried out. The susceptibility to
      hydrolysis with human pancreatic alpha-amylase decreased in the order of
      maltopentaose, maltohexaose, maltotetraose, and maltoheptaose, while with human
      salivary alpha-amylase maltopentaose was hydrolysed slightly slower than
      maltohexaose but fairly faster than maltotetraose or maltoheptaose from a
      viewpoint of the rates of reactions based on the amount of substrate changed. The
      relative rates of production of substrates, utilized in the coupled yeast alpha
      glucosidase reaction, increased in the order of maltoheptaose, maltohexaose,
      maltotetraose, and maltopentaose with human pancreatic alpha-amylase, while with
      human salivary alpha-amylase in the order of maltoheptaose, maltotetraose,
      maltohexaose, and maltopentaose. Thus, maltopentaose was considered to be the
      best substrate over maltotetraose, maltohexaose or maltoheptaose for the alpha
      glucosidase coupled method of alpha-amylase determination.

PMID- 385174
TI  - The possible physiologic importance of calcium complexes: an opinion.

PMID- 385178
TI  - [Myasthenia gravis and antiacetylcholine receptor antibody (author's transl)].

PMID- 385179
TI  - Biomaterials in reconstructive head and neck surgery.

PMID- 385180
TI  - The acquisition of antigens in the intercellular substance of mouse skin by
      schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni.
AB  - Serum from patients suffering from the autoimmune skin disease pemphigus vulgaris
      has been used to demonstrate the presence of intercellular substance (ICS) on the
      surface of these chistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni which has penetrated mouse
      skin in vitro or during a percutaneous infection. ICS was absent from
      mechanically transformed schistosomula or those formed in the peritoneal cavity
      of mice. Schistosomula which penetrated mouse skin rapidly in vitro acquired very
      little of the ICS. It was found during a percutaneous infection that
      schistosomula recovered from the skin after 10 min had no detectable ICS, while
      those recovered after 2 hr and 24 hr gained increasing quantities of the
      material. It is concluded that schistosomula which are delayed in their exit from
      the skin acquire more ICS. However, this material must be shed during subsequent
      migration since schistosomula from lung and liver, and 7-week-old worms do not
      posses it. The implications of the findings are discussed.

PMID- 385181
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies on the occurrence and localization of the CEA-related
      biliary glycoprotein I (BGP I) in normal human gastrointestinal tissues.
AB  - Biliary glycoprotein, I(BGP I) is a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) cross-reactive
      glycoprotein of normal human bile. Its occurrence and localization was studied in
      normal human gastrointestinal tissues by means of direct immunofluorescence using
      immunadsorbent purified BGP I antibodies with high selectivity for BGP I, as
      compared to CEA and 'non-specific cross-reacting antigen' (NCA). As controls
      fluorescein-labelled CEA and NCA were used. Specific BGP I fluorescence was only
      found in the biliary tract, i.e. in bile canaliculi, in the lumen of large bile
      ducts and on the surface of the gall bladder mucosa. No fluorescence was found in
      the hepatocytes or in the cells lining larger bile ducts or the gall bladder.
      Fluorescence probably due to cross-reaction with NCA was obtained in the
      cytoplasm of macrophages in different organs and on the surface of bowel
      epithelium.

PMID- 385182
TI  - In vitro lymphocyte stimulation in leprosy; simultaneous stimulation with
      Mycobacterium leprae antigens and phytohaemagglutinin.

PMID- 385183
TI  - Antibody production and DNA synthesis of human lymphocyte subpopulations induced
      by PPD tuberculin.
AB  - Purified protein derivative (PPD) of tuberculin was found to induce antibody
      secretion and DNA synthesis in human lymphocytes from blood, spleen, tonsil and
      lymph node. Antibody secretion was measured as plaque-forming cells (PFC) against
      fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) coupled sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in a
      haemolysis-in-gel assay. Peak antibody secretion by 100 micrograms/ml of PPD was
      usually seen on day 6 for blood lymphocytes, and varied from day 3 to day 6 for
      spleen cells. Peak DNA synthesis for blood lymphocytes stimulated by various
      concentrations of PPD ranged from day 4 to day 7. The highest number of PFC in
      tonsil and spleen cells was induced by PPD compared to Staphylococcus aureus
      bacteria Cowan 1, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Antibody
      secretion by PPD was not affected when phagocytic cells were removed by iron
      treatment. PPD stimulated a higher DNA synthesis in unseparated lymphocytes or
      mixtures of T and B cells than in enriched T or B cell suspensions. PPD did not
      induce PFC in B cells enriched by the removal of sheep erythrocyte rosette
      forming cells (E-RFC). However, more PFC were stimulated by PPD in enriched E-RFC
      compared to unseparated lymphocytes, which may indicate that most of the FITC
      SRBC reactive B cells also form rosettes with SRBC.

PMID- 385184
TI  - Locating salmonella resistance gene on mouse chromosome 1.
AB  - The inherited resistance of inbred mouse strains to Salmonella typhimurium
      injected subcutaneously has been reported to be controlled primarily by a single
      gene designated Ity. Resistant mice have the dominant allele Ityr and sensitive
      mice are homozygous for the recessive allele Itys. This paper describes studies
      undertaken to locate the gene using readily distinguishable phenotypes as
      chromosome markers. Appropriate F1 backcross and F2 generations of hybrids
      between resistant and susceptible inbred strains of mice, with or without the
      particular phenotypic markers, were tested both for susceptibility to salmonella
      sci and presence of the marker. Independent segregation of the characteristics
      eliminated all chromosomes except Chromosome 1. C57L mice resistant to S.
      typhimurium, Ityr Ityr and leaden, ln ln, located on Chromosome 1, were crossed
      with BALB/c mice sensitive to S. typhimurium and non-leaden. In the F2 generation
      mice, ln always segregated with Ityr. The presence of only one leaden mouse
      sensitive to S. typhimurium out of sixty leaden F2 mice tested linked Ityr
      closely with ln on Chromosome 1. This result will be of use in further
      experiments with hybrid populations by enabling us to predetermine resistance or
      sensitivity to S. typhimurium without infecting the mice, so permitting
      experiments on the nature of the inheritance in unsensitized mice.

PMID- 385186
TI  - Hepatitis B core antigen immune complexes in the liver of hepatitis B patients.
AB  - Single liver biopsies from 102 clinically diagnosed hepatitis patients were
      examined by immunofluorescence for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen
      (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg), complement and immunoglobulin
      deposition, and for their capacity to fix human complement in vitro. Of the sixty
      five HBsAg positive livers, fifty-three were histologically diagnosed as chronic
      hepatitis, three as acute hepatitis, five as acute hepatitis with signs of
      transition to chronicity, and four as 'near normal liver'. In the group with
      chronic hepatitis, HGcAg was observed in thirty-nine livers, all of which also
      had HBsAg. Thirty-five of these thirty-nine cases also had the ability to fix
      complement in vitro in the hepatocyte nuclei and/or cytoplasm. Of these thirty
      five cases, twenty-nine were positive for immunoglobulin deposition on the
      nuclei. All of these cases had antibody to HBcAg in the blood, but only five had
      anti-HBs. The frequency of in vitro complement fixation and immunoglobulin
      deposition was higher in active forms of the disease, such as chronic aggressive
      hepatitis and active cirrhosis, than in non-active disease such as chronic
      persistent hepatitis and mild cirrhosis. By the application of double fluorescent
      staining techniques, complement fixation was observed in some HBcAg-positive
      nuclei. In the 'near normal liver' cases there was no intrahepatic accumulation
      of HBcAg, and despite the presence of anti-HBc in the blood, in vitro complement
      fixation and immunoglobulin deposition were both absent. The group of three HBsAg
      ositive 'acute hepatitis with signs of transition to chronicity' cases behaved
      similarly to those with chronic aggressive hepatitis and had circulating anti
      HBc, in vitro complement fixation and immunoglobulin deposition in the
      hepatocytes. None had circulating anti-HBs. In the group sith HBs-positive acute
      hepatitis, anti-HGc in the blood was the only other evidence of hepatitis B virus
      infection.

PMID- 385185
TI  - Antigenic competition between horse and sheep red blood cells as a hormone
      dependent phenomenon.
AB  - Various mechanisms for understanding antigenic competition have been proposed,
      such as macrophage availability, suppressor cells and their soluble products. In
      view of the regulatory function of some hormones on the immune system, the role
      of immunosuppressive adrenal corticosteroids in antigenic competition was
      investigated. When horse red blood cells (HRBC) were injected into rats a five
      fold increase in corticosterone blood levels was measured by day 6 and a strong
      decrease was noted on day 11. In animals injected with HRBC and on day 6 with a
      second antigen (sheep red blood cells, SRBC), the corticosteroid level was high
      on day 11. Such high levels are immunosuppressive. To impede such increases in
      adrenal hormone levels, rats were adrenalectomized. Adrenalectomized or sham
      operated animals receiving SRBC only showed no difference in plaque-forming cell
      (PFC) numbers. All sham-operated rats injected first with HRBC and 5 days later
      with SRBC showed the expected antigenic competition. Adrenalectomized rats also
      injected with both antigens sequentially had a five fold increase in number of
      PFC when compared with the sham-operated controls which had received both
      antigens. A detailed analysis of these data revealed that a proportion of
      adrenalectomized animals had PFC numbers within the normal range. In vitro,
      hydrocortisone enhances the response of spleen cells when only one antigen (SRBC)
      is present. Prior addition of the unrelated antigen (HRBC) impedes this
      enhancement. Thus, in a hydrocortisone-enriched culture medium, the presence of
      the first antigen can interfere with the immune response to the second unrelated
      antigen, mimicking in vitro a condition of antigenic competition. These findings
      indicate that hormones may have a role in antigenic competition.

PMID- 385187
TI  - Human transfer factor in vitro. II. Augmentation of the secretion of leucocyte
      migration inhibitory factor (LIF) by leucocyte dialysate and by its components L
      serine and glycine.
AB  - The effect of human transfer factor (TF) or its components L-serine and/or
      glycine in tuberculin (PPD), or leucoagglutinin (LA) induced leucocyte migration
      inhibitory factor (LIF) secretion was studied. Augmentation of LIF secretion was
      seen with low concentration ( = 0.078 g/l) of TF when lymphocytes were cultured
      in minimum essential medium for suspension cultures (MEM-S), a culture medium
      lacking L-serine and glycine. High concentrations (0.3125-5.0 g/l dry weight) of
      TF were inhibitory in MEM-S. In RPMI 1640, a culture medium containing L-serine
      and glycine, TF was either inhibitory or had no effect. The combination of L
      serine and glycine, at concentrations equivalent or lower than the optimum of TF,
      had an augmenting effect on LIF secretion identical to that of TF, but no
      inhibition at higher concentrations was seen. The results indicate that human TF
      contains components which have suppressive or augmenting effects on LIF secretion
      in vitro. The augmenting effect may be mainly due to L-serine and glycine and
      thus not related to TF's activity in vivo.

PMID- 385188
TI  - Immunochemical characteristics of antibodies to DNA in patients with active
      systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - To investigate the suggestion that qualitative immunochemical characteristics of
      antibodies to DNA (anti-DNA) may be of importance in the pathogenesis of
      nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we used the Crithidia luciliae
      (CL) immunofluorescence test to determine the titre, immunoglobulin (Ig) class
      and complement-fixing activity of anti-DNA in thirty-five patients with active
      SLE. Eighteen of these patients had active lupus nephritis (Group I) and the
      remaining seventeen had no clinical evidence of renal involvement (Group II).
      Anti-DNA was detected in twenty-eight patients, and was present more frequently
      and in higher titre (P less than 0.01) in Group I than in Group II. Anti-DNA of
      all three Ig classes studied (IgG, IgM and IgA) was present in twenty-three out
      of twenty-eight cases. The ratio of IgG to IgM anti-DNA did not differ in the two
      groups of patients. Complement-fixing antibodies were detected in thirteen
      patients in Group I and five patients in Group II. The titre of complement-fixing
      activity was strongly correlated with titre of anti-DNA. DNA-binding capacity was
      also determined in these by a millipore filter (MF) assay. A highly significant
      correlation between DNA binding by MF and CL was found in Group I patients, while
      no correlation was found in Group II patients. These findings suggest that (1)
      anti-DNA with specificity for determinants found in CL, presumably native DNA,
      are more highly correlated with the presence of active renal lupus than are
      antibodies directed toward other DNA determinants, and (2) the major
      characteristic of anti-DNA found to be associated with nephritis was quantity of
      antibody. Most patients had anti-DNA of all Ig classes regardless of the presence
      of renal disease. Complement-fixing activity of anti-DNA could not be related to
      the occurrence of renal disease independently of anti-DNA titre.

PMID- 385190
TI  - Circulating thymic factor, facteur thymique serique (FTS), in mycosis fungoides
      and Sezary syndrome.

PMID- 385191
TI  - The complement system in bullous pemphigoid. VI. C3 fixing activity in the
      absence of detectable antibody.

PMID- 385189
TI  - Viral infections and IgM autoantibodies to cytoplasmic intermediate filaments.
AB  - Seventy-four out of 113 sera from patients with infectious hepatitis, chickenpox,
      measles and mumps reacted with both smooth muscle and cytoplasmic filaments in
      cultured fibroblasts and neuroblastoma. Five out of eighty-five control sera also
      reacted in this way. That the cytoplasmic structures are intermediate filaments
      was suggested by their rearrangement into coils of perinuclear filaments in
      colchicine- or vinblastine-treated fibroblasts, but not in cytochalasin B-treated
      cells. The idenity of these structures was confirmed by the demonstration that
      the same structures reacted with the post-viral sera and a rabbit and human anti
      intermediate filament antibody. Immunoabsorption studies showed that twenty-seven
      out of thirty-two positive sera were neutralised by skeletin, the intermediate
      filament protein from smooth muscle. In all but one of the sera, the antibody was
      IgM. Antibody titres fell in the second specimen in eleven out of fourteen pairs
      of acute and convalescent sera. The association between viral infections and
      autoantibodies suggest that production of antibodies suggests that production of
      antibody to intermediate filaments may be initiated by viruses.

PMID- 385192
TI  - Binding characteristics of Fc receptors for IgG on human peripheral blood T gamma
      lymphocytes and "L" lymphocytes: a technical report.

PMID- 385193
TI  - Antibodies directed against tubular basement membranes in human renal allograft
      recipients.

PMID- 385195
TI  - The specificity of IgG- and IgM-class smooth muscle antibody in the sera of
      patients with multiple sclerosis and active chronic hepatitis.

PMID- 385194
TI  - Antibodies directed against brush border antigens of proximal tubules in renal
      allograft recipients.

PMID- 385196
TI  - Use of genetic anaemias in mice as tools for haematological research.

PMID- 385198
TI  - Erythroid progenitor cells: their relevance for the study of haematological
      disease.

PMID- 385197
TI  - Detection and analysis of human granulocyte--monocyte precursors using semi-solid
      cultures.
AB  - The in vitro cloning of haemopoietic precursors is a rapidly growing field. The
      data reviewed above and the current practical applications of the techniques can
      be expected to increase quite rapidly in the next decade. Despite the technical
      problems of tissue culture and the special problems associated with culturing
      human cells, it is clear that these procedures can be effectively applied at the
      clinical level. The value of the data obtained will vary directly with the
      quality of the culture techniques. Any centre undertaking these techniques must
      be prepared to properly equip the culture laboratory, appoint a full-time staff
      member for the work and maintain a constant surveillance of the quality of the
      culture work.

PMID- 385199
TI  - Kinetics of the recognizable erythrocyte precursor cells.

PMID- 385200
TI  - Kinetics of granulocytopoiesis.

PMID- 385201
TI  - B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and lymphopoiesis.

PMID- 385202
TI  - Cell separation and surface markers.

PMID- 385204
TI  - Cell interactions in vitro.

PMID- 385203
TI  - Proliferation regulators in haemopoiesis.

PMID- 385206
TI  - Haemopoiesis in myeloblastic leukaemia.

PMID- 385205
TI  - The haemopoietic microenvironment.

PMID- 385207
TI  - Trend analysis of intrapartum monitoring data: a basis for a computerized fetal
      monitor.

PMID- 385211
TI  - Regional muscle transposition for rehabilitation of the paralyzed face.
AB  - Masseter and temporalis muscle transpositions may be considered in cases of
      longstanding facial paralysis and in the congenital absence of the facial nerve
      or muscles. The basic advantage of this technique is the introduction of a large
      volume of living and dynamic muscle into the face. Additional advantages include
      simplicity, the support provided, enhancement of the possibility of
      myoneurotization, and no loss of other significant function. In many instances,
      facial movement improves for a period of approximately two years, and the long
      range effect would suggest some degree of rehabilitation of the facial muscles.
      Our combined experience with over 100 muscle transpositions indicates the
      efficacy and success of this technique in selected patients.

PMID- 385209
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of frusemide.

PMID- 385210
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in pregnancy and labour.
AB  - Few of the articles published on antibiotics and pregnancy are concerned with
      pharmacokinetics. It is particularly difficult to evaluate possible alterations
      in pharmacokinetic parameters that may be due to pregnancy. Most data available
      have been obtained in connection with abortion or delivery. Such data may not be
      representative for pregnancy as such. Marked changes in most organ systems,
      particularly in renal function, but in composition and amounts of body fluids as
      well, make it likely that several pharmacokinetic parameters change, possibly
      gradually as pregnancy progresses. Accumulated data for several beta-lactam
      antibiotics, and also for aminoglycosides indicate that antibiotics eliminated
      mainly by renal excretion will produce lower levels in serum or plasma in
      pregnant women than in other individuals. Also, the half-life of certain
      antibiotics in serum is shorter during pregnancy. Transplacental passage occurs
      for all antibiotics according to the physicochemical properties of the drug.
      Bolus injections to a pregnant woman are more efficient than continuous infusion
      in producing high levels of antibiotic in fetal serum and amniotic fluid. Fetal
      tissue levels are higher following multiple doses than after a single dose. Lower
      serum levels of antibiotics in pregnant women than in other individuals following
      the same dosage will be unsatisfactory as micr-organisms are less likely to be
      affected.

PMID- 385212
TI  - Nerve suture and grafting to restore the extratemporal facial nerve.
AB  - A concept for dealing with extratemporal lesions of the facial nerve is based on
      cadaver studies performed by Meissl. In spite of plexiform arrangement and fiber
      exchange, areas and fascicle groups can be differentiated within the cross
      section of the facial nerve which contain a great percentage of the fibers
      supplying a certain muscle group. An attempt should be made to unite the
      corresponding parts by direct coaptation, or, if nerve defect exists, by nerve
      grafts.

PMID- 385213
TI  - [DA 3177 a new synthetic spasmolytic agent in the management of spastic
      dyskinetic conditions of the digestive tract. Double-blind controlled clinical
      trial].

PMID- 385208
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of local anaesthetics.
AB  - The introduction of the new long acting local anaesthetics, bupivacaine and
      etidocaine, has stimulated an expansion of interest in regional anaesthesia,
      particularly for obstetrical applications and pain therapy.  System toxicity
      following injection of local anesthetics occurs albeit infrequently, and
      tentative correlations have been made between the onset of CNS and cardiovascular
      effects and circulating drug concentrations in both adults and neonates. Amongst
      other factors, interpretation of these relationships depends upon blood
      distribution and plasma binding of the agents, sampling sites and acid-base
      balance. The disposition kinetics and placental transfer of the amide type agents
      have been well characterised. In adults their clearance is almost entirely
      hepatic but in neonates an increase in the renal component is, in part, a
      reflection of the immaturity of some of the enzymes responsible for their
      metabolism. Ester type agents are rapidly hydrolysed by plasma
      pseudocholinesterase and this has led to a preference for chloroprocaine in some
      obstetric procedures. Major determinants of the systemic absorption of the agents
      after perineural administration include their physicochemical and vasoactive
      properties, perfusion and tissue binding at the site of injection and whether or
      not adrenaline has been added. In respect of blood drug concentrations achieved
      after various regional anaesthetic procedures, the margin of systemic safety
      appears to favour bupivacaine and etidocaine compared to shorter acting analogues
      such as lignocaine and mepivacaine. The time course of local anaesthetic
      remaining at the site of injection has been calculated following intravenous
      regional anaesthesia and peridural block. This has allowed prediction of the
      local and systemic accumulation of the drugs following contined dosage. Blood
      concentrations of local anaesthetics after perineural injection are not closely
      related to age, weight or pregnancy but may be influenced by diseases associated
      with haemodynamic changes and by other drugs given at or around the time of
      regional blockade.

PMID- 385214
TI  - [Acute thrombocytopenic purpura induced by rubella virus in an adult:
      etiopathogenesis, immunology and clinical therapy].

PMID- 385215
TI  - [Physiopathological effects of tobacco on the heart].

PMID- 385216
TI  - [Recent concepts and methods of treatment of cardiac insufficiency].

PMID- 385217
TI  - [Cardiovascular effects of phenothiazines].

PMID- 385218
TI  - [Current data concerning the comparative effectiveness of medical and surgical
      treatment of coronary insufficiency. General review].

PMID- 385219
TI  - Plasmids carrying oriC can integrate at or near the chromosome origin of
      Escherichia coli in the absence of a functional recA product.

PMID- 385221
TI  - Site-specific recombination leading to the integration of phages P1 and P7.

PMID- 385220
TI  - Gene duplication in bacteria: alteration of gene dosage by sister-chromosome
      exchanges.

PMID- 385222
TI  - Studies with IS1 and IS4.

PMID- 385223
TI  - DNA sequence of IS2--7 and generation of mini-insertions by replication of IS2
      sequences.

PMID- 385224
TI  - Rearrangements of genetic material in Escherichia coli as observed on the
      bacteriophage P1 plasmid.

PMID- 385225
TI  - Properties of an autonomous r-determinant from R100.1.

PMID- 385226
TI  - A genetic and sequencing study of IS1 and Tn9 insertions in the Escherichia coli
      lac operon.

PMID- 385227
TI  - Nucleotide-sequence analysis of Tn3 (ap): implications for insertion and
      deletion.

PMID- 385228
TI  - Insertion mutations affecting transposition of Tn3 and replication of a ColE1
      derivative.

PMID- 385229
TI  - Structure of deletion derivatives of a recombinant plasmid containing the
      transposable element Tn9 in the spacer sequence of Xenopus laevis 5S DNA.

PMID- 385230
TI  - Properties of yeast transformation.

PMID- 385232
TI  - A role for recF in repair of UV damage to DNA.

PMID- 385231
TI  - Targeted and untargeted mutagenesis by various inducers of SOS functions in
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 385233
TI  - Mutagenesis- and repair-enhancing activities associated with the plasmid pKM101.

PMID- 385234
TI  - Molecular events and molecules that lead to induction of prophage and SOS
      functions.

PMID- 385235
TI  - Characterization of a mutator DNA polymerase I from Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 385236
TI  - Replicational fidelity: mechanisms of mutation avoidance and mutation fixation.

PMID- 385237
TI  - DNA recombination: in vivo and in vitro studies.

PMID- 385238
TI  - Diabetic nephropathy.

PMID- 385239
TI  - Hypothesis. A short latent period for respiratory cancer in a 'susceptible'
      population.

PMID- 385240
TI  - A thermodilution method for quantification of bidirectional shunts.

PMID- 385241
TI  - A computer program for the morphometric analysis of cell profiles.
AB  - A computer program which yields values for the volumes, surface areas, and
      volume/surface area ratios of cell profiles is described for use on a desktop
      calculator (minicomputer). This program uses standard morphometric procedures,
      and incorporates data obtained from electron micrographs at two levels of
      sampling. The main program yields values for the 'average cell volume' at the
      tissue level of sampling. Two options at the cellular level of sampling are also
      included which yield values for the volumes, surface areas and volume/surface
      area ratios for the organelles. The first option allows an analysis of 'whole
      cells' containing equatorial profiles through the nucleus, while the second
      option permits a 'fractional' approach using segments of the cells. Finally, some
      of the advantages of the two options are discussed.

PMID- 385242
TI  - Software development of the EMI head scanner.
AB  - A method has been developed to run the general purpose operating system RDOS on
      the same disc of the head scanner computer as is used for scanner software and
      data. This made it possible to develop additional software in high level
      programming language for image processing, based on original image data on the
      disc. All new images produced by the program are stored on the disc in the same
      format as the original images. This makes it possible to handle processed images
      exactly as the original ones and to do multiple operations. The following
      processing has been included in the program so far: subtraction, smoothing,
      density profiles, vertical reconstructions, magnification and labelling. A set of
      operator commands has been developed which are very similar to the ordinary
      commands for the scanner, which makes the program to appear being a direct
      extension of the standard scanner software.

PMID- 385243
TI  - A three-year clinical trial with levonorgestrel silastic implants.
AB  - Silastic implants containing the progestin, levonorgestrel, were tested as long
      term contraceptives in 101 women. After three full years of exposure and 2,998
      woman-months of use, no pregnancies had occurred. The continuation rates were 87%
      at 12 months, 79% at 24 months and 66% at 36 months. The most important side
      effect was excessive or irregular bleeding during the first year. No treatment
      was offered for this side effect other than vitamins and iron or change of
      method, with the exception of 3 cases where ethinyl estradiol was used one time
      for 2 weeks each. Bleeding disturbances led 8 patients to ask for removal of
      implants. Other side effects were headache, acne and lower abdominal pain. Blood
      and urine analysis tested 17 different parameters and all but plasma cortisol
      remained within normal limits throughout the study. A general tendency toward
      lowered cortisol values was observed and two subjects had more than one value
      below the normal limit for the population during the study. Glucose tolerance
      tests during the second year were abnormal in two women with familial diabetes
      but they returned to normal values spontaneously at the next test. It is
      concluded that levonorgestrel implants offer effective protection against
      pregnancy during the first three years of continuous use. Their acceptability and
      few side effects justify larger trials, especially if treatment of bleeding
      irregularities is introduced.

PMID- 385244
TI  - Progress in peritoneal dialysis: a historical prospective.

PMID- 385245
TI  - An overview of treatment with peritoneal dialysis in drug poisoning.

PMID- 385246
TI  - The peritoneal dialysis system.

PMID- 385247
TI  - Respiratory index: a simple evaluation of severity of idiopathic respiratory
      distress syndrome.

PMID- 385248
TI  - Bidirectional valve inserted in the inspiratory circuit of patients submitted to
      artifical respiration.

PMID- 385249
TI  - Forty-eight hours hypothermic pulsatile perfusion of canine hearts before
      transplantation.

PMID- 385250
TI  - Chemistry and biology of the enterobacterial common antigen (ECA).

PMID- 385251
TI  - Delayed myelination and lamination in the cerebral cortex of the albino rat as a
      result of the fetal alcohol syndrome.

PMID- 385253
TI  - [Preservation of dental pulp and periodontal tissues during preparation of teeth
      for permanent prosthetic appliances].

PMID- 385252
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of human parathyroid hormone. A review with special reference to
      hyperparathyroidism in renal disease.

PMID- 385254
TI  - [Karol Goebel--1st associate professor of dentistry in Poland].

PMID- 385255
TI  - [The use of Evicrol for fixation of fractures of the alveolar process and luxated
      teeth in children and adolescents].

PMID- 385256
TI  - [Tooth root amputation].

PMID- 385258
TI  - Cirrhotic hyperglobulinemia: increased rates of immunoglobulin synthesis by
      circulating lymphoid cells.
AB  - We have measured immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis by circulating lymphoid cells of
      20 patients with cirrhotic hyperglobulinemia (CH) and 20 age-matched controls. We
      used specific anti-Ig antisera to precipitate Ig synthesized from [14C] amino
      acid precursors in 13 controls and employed an electroimmunoassay of the "rocket"
      type to measure Ig elaborated by cultured cells in 4 patient-control pairs. In
      addition, we studied 3 patient-control pairs by absorption of elaborated Ig onto
      an anti-Ig-coated solid phase, bromoacetylcellulose. The synthetic index (SI; the
      ratio of Ig synthesis by a CH patient and a control) was elevated in every case.
      Mean SI by coprecipitation was 7.2 +/- 5.4 (mean +/- SD), by rocket" 7.3 +/- 3.0
      for IgG and 2.2 +/- 0.8 for IgA, and by immunoabsorption 13.8 +/- 8.4 for IgG.
      Three cirrhotic nonhyperglobulinemic patient-control pairs showed a mean SI of
      1.0 +/- 0.1. CH and control populations showed equal numbers of membrane Ig
      positive B lymphocytes by immunofluorescence. We conclude that (1) peripheral
      blood lymphoid cells are appropriate for study of differences in Ig synthetic
      capacity among individuals; (2) CH is associated with increased in vitro Ig
      synthesis; and (3) CH lymphocytes may be an appropriate cell population for the
      study of control mechanisms in Ig synthesis.

PMID- 385257
TI  - [Activity of thyrocalcitonin in periodontal diseases with dental mobility].

PMID- 385260
TI  - Metoclopramide therapy in patients with delayed gastric emptying: a randomized,
      double-blind study.
AB  - Twenty-eight patients with delayed gastric emptying as measured by an abnormal
      barium "burger" were treated with metoclopramide in a randomized, double-blind
      fashion. Five had diabetic gastroparesis, four had undergone vagotomy and
      pyloroplasty, and 19 were idiopathic. Patients received either metoclopramide or
      placebo for a three-week period and symptoms were scored prestudy, at weekly
      intervals, and at termination of the study. Ten of 17 patients on metoclopramide
      and four of 14 on placebo decreased their symptom score to a level below entry
      criteria, indicating a significant metoclopramide effect when compared to
      placebo. The mean total sumptom score for the metoclopramide group was 18.4
      prestudy and 7.2 poststudy while for placebo was 19.1 prestudy and 12.9
      poststudy. Although improvement on placebo was significant, these patients were
      still symptomatic. The improvement on metoclopramide was significantly greater
      than the improvement on placebo. Metoclopramide is an effective agent in treating
      the symptom complex of delayed gastric emptying.

PMID- 385261
TI  - Randomized double-masked trial of sodium oxyferriscorbone for the treatment of
      gastric ulcers.
AB  - A double-blind 4-week trial of sodium oxyferriscorbone versus placebo (distilled
      water) was conducted in 46 outpatients with endoscopically confirmed gastric
      ulcer. Ulcer healing occurred in 15 of 20 patients receiving sodium
      oxyferriscorbone (75%) and in 7 of 20 patients receiving placebo (35%). Patients
      receiving sodium oxyferriscorbone experienced less pain and required less antacid
      than those receiving placebo (P less than 0.05). Side effects were reported in 12
      patients, 7 while receiving sodium oxyferriscorbone and 5 while receiving
      placebo. Six patients did not complete the study due to ulcer complications.
      Routine laboratory tests revealed no persistent abnormalities that could be
      related to the treatment. Five placebo-treated patients that were therapeutic
      failures were switched to sodium oxyferriscorbone and healing was observed within
      3 weeks. It is concluded that sodium oxyferriscorbone is effective in enhancing
      healing of gastric ulcers.

PMID- 385263
TI  - [Cloning the genes of EcoRII restrictase and methylase].

PMID- 385259
TI  - Diet, fecal bile acids, and neutral sterols in carcinoma of the colon.

PMID- 385262
TI  - Obesity.

PMID- 385264
TI  - [Nucleotide sequence of the proposed transcription initiation region of the yeast
      ribosome operon].

PMID- 385265
TI  - [RNA-binding activity of prokaryotic initiation factors].

PMID- 385266
TI  - [Production of controlled mutations in phage T7 by using polyalkylating RNA
      complementary to the selected genes].

PMID- 385267
TI  - [Effect of helminth-trematode extracts and liver implants on hepatocyte mitotic
      activity].

PMID- 385268
TI  - [Determination of the primary structure of fragments of the ribosomal operon of
      baker's yeast coding for 18 S rRNA].

PMID- 385269
TI  - The influence of dietary factors on drug metabolism in animals.

PMID- 385270
TI  - Regulation of drug metabolism in man by environmental factors.

PMID- 385271
TI  - Contribution of environmental factors to variability in human drug metabolism.
AB  - Drug metabolism in 96 London factory and office workers has been studied after
      simultaneous single doses of antipyrine (phenazone) and paracetamol
      (acetaminophen). Metabolic clearance of both drugs was significantly greater in
      subjects eating meat more than once a week than in those who ate meat less
      frequently. The precise contribution of diet could not be clearly defined since
      90% of "meat-eaters" were European while all except one of the "vegetarians" were
      Asian. Clearance of both drugs increased with both alcohol and cigarette
      consumption. Regular intake of coffee and/or tea had a similar effect but, in the
      case of paracetamol, this did not attain statistical significance. Antipyrine
      clearance was lower among women who took the oral contraceptive pill than among
      those who did not, while paracetamol clearance was not significantly different.
      These findings may have implications for the use of drugs which are administered
      regularly in order to achieve steady-state plasma and tissue concentrations.

PMID- 385272
TI  - Influence of cigarette smoking on drug metabolism in man.
AB  - The pervasiveness of tobacco use in our society and the frequency of altered
      disposition of many common therapeutic and recreational drugs in smokers makes it
      apparent that the smoking habit should be considered as one of the primary
      sources of drug interactions in man. Each scientific report dealing with drug
      disposition should list the smoking status of the subjects studied as smoking
      should be included as a basic characteristic of each subject along with age,
      race, body weight, and presence and type of disease. Most of the experimental
      work in human and animal systems indicates that the dominant effect of smoking is
      enhanced disposition caused by induction of hepatic microsomal enzymes. The
      primary causal agents are probably the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons which
      are potent and persistent in tissues. There are numerous examples of both an
      increased metabolism rate and absence of an effect of smoking on drug disposition
      in man. This selectivity is consistent with the known inductive effects of P-448
      stimulators in animal systems. Studies with theophylline have demonstrated that
      both tobacco and marijuana markedly alter its clearance in man. However, smoking
      is only one of numerous factors which can perturb hepatic biotransformation as
      patient surveillance studies show that age and cardiac and liver disease may be
      of greater importance in actual patients undergoing therapy.

PMID- 385273
TI  - Role of trace metals in regulation of cellular heme and hemoprotein metabolism:
      sensitizing effects of chronic iron treatment on acute gold toxicity.

PMID- 385274
TI  - Penfluridol: a neuroleptic drug designed for long duration of action.
AB  - 1. Penfluridol is a unique, long-acting, oral neuroleptic belonging to the
      diphenylbutylpiperidines. The synthesis of penfluridol represented the result of
      a well-planned scientific search for a highly lipophilic compound structurally
      related to haloperidol and pimozide. 2. Because of its unusual lipophilicity,
      penfluridol distributes extensively in fatty tissues following oral
      administration. This depot effect produces a very slow release of drug from the
      tissues, and results in a very long duration of activity. 3. Penfluridol is
      extensively metabolized by oxidative N-dealkylation to afford, as isolated
      metabolites, the beta-glucuronide conjugate of the diphenylbutyric acid
      derivative A1 and the unconjugated basic piperidine moiety B1. It is assumed, at
      this time, that the pharmacological activity is attributable to the parent
      compound. 4. When administered clinically at oral doses of 20 to 100 mg/week,
      penfluridol has been found to be an effective antipsychotic agent. This frequency
      of dosing is consistent with the pharmacokinetic behavior of the drug in man, and
      does not appear to result in any inappropriate accumulation of the drug in
      patients. Wide variations in steady-state levels and plasma elimination half-life
      have been observed in patient populations.

PMID- 385276
TI  - [Occupational medicine and occupational sciences in German universities].

PMID- 385275
TI  - Disulfiram (tetraethylthioperoxydicarbonic diamide): a reappraisal of its
      toxicity and therapeutic application.

PMID- 385277
TI  - [70th birthday of Prof. Jo Hartung].

PMID- 385278
TI  - [Therapy of Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 385279
TI  - Health aspects of chloroform--a review.
AB  - First prepared in 1831, chloroform was initially employed as an "ideal"
      anesthetic. Chloroform was later found to cause heart and liver damage and, with
      the discovery of safer agents, lost importance as a medical anesthetic. Today
      chloroform is used primarily as a solvent in industry, in the production of
      antibiotics, as a cleaning agent, and as an ingredient in pharmaceutical and
      veterinary formulations. A recent report issued by the National Cancer Institute
      implicates chloroform as a carcinogen in laboratory rodents. These findings, in
      conjunction with enforcement of the Delaney Clause have generated renewed
      interest in chemicals such as chloroform which are not only used in a variety of
      industrial applications, but which are also available to the general public in a
      number of food and cosmetic products.

PMID- 385280
TI  - Comparison of the relative mutagenic activity for eight antineoplastic drugs in
      the Ames Salmonella/microsome and TK+/- mouse lymphoma assays.
AB  - Eight antineoplastic drugs were evaluated for their ability to induce mutation in
      the Ames Salmonella/microsome and the TK+/- mouse lymphoma assay. Dose response
      data were utilized to determine the relative potency of each of these drugs. They
      were then ranked based on this information. Vincristine, the most potent compound
      tested in the mouse lymphoma assay, was not active in the Salmonella assay, nor
      were DTIC and Methotrexate. Excluding these compounds from the comparison
      ranking, we found that the only difference in the order between the Ames and
      lymphoma assays was between Daunomycin and Adriamycin. Daunomycin was most potent
      in the Ames assay, compounds was reversed in the mouse lymphoma assay. This
      observation of relative activity is of interest because it underscores the
      ability to extrapolate between microbial and mammalian test systems, provided one
      keeps in mind the differences associated with chromosome structure and modes of
      segregation in these two cell types. Furthermore, it is suggested that relative
      potency ranking may provide prospective insight into expectations of risk for
      human populations exposed to these drugs.

PMID- 385281
TI  - Dextranomer: a review of its general properties and therapeutic efficacy.
AB  - Dextranomer is a hydrophilic dextran polymer advocated as a 'cleansing agent' for
      various types of exudating wounds or ulcers, including stasis (venous) ulcers and
      decubitus ulcers. It appears to exert its effect by a capillary action which
      absorbs wound exudate, as well as wound debris and micro-organisms, into the
      dextranomer beads or into the spaces between the beads, thus removing such
      products from the wound surface. Dextranomer is an aid to wound or ulcer
      management, and does not directly affect tissue repair in such ulcers, but as
      with other 'cleansing' agents or techniques, removal of debris (and possibly
      micro-organisms) from the wound could be expected to promote natural healing.
      Reports of its effectiveness in open studies, often in patients with seemingly
      resistant lesions, have been encouraging. Similarly, in comparative trials
      results have usually favoured dextranomer, but a clear indication of the relative
      efficacy and benefits as compared with other treatments used for exudating
      lesions has not yet emerged. Further well designed comparative studies are needed
      to provide such information.

PMID- 385283
TI  - [Anders Jahre prize to Esko Nikkila].

PMID- 385282
TI  - Immunological distinction between neurofilament and glial fibrillary acidic
      proteins by mouse antisera and their immunohistological characterization.
AB  - Antisera were raised in mice to the presumed protein subunits of the two types of
      100 A filaments in nervous tissue, glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein and
      neurofilament (NF) protein. These antisera detect a pronounced antigenic
      distinction between these two proteins. Antiserum to GFA protein reacts only with
      astroglial cells and is therefore similar to antisera prepared in rabbits. Mouse
      antiserum to NF protein reacts with neurons and their processes known to be rich
      in 100 A filaments. Postsynaptic densities do not detectably react with anti-NF
      antiserum when assayed by the indirect immunoperoxidase method and studied at the
      electron microscopic level. The two antisera do not react with actin, myosin oe
      nervous system, NF protein is immunohistologically detectable at embryonic day 13
      (the earliest stage tested). GFA protein is not detectable with this method
      during embryonal development but becomes apparent only at early postnatal ages.
      In several species (rabbit, rat, chicken, fish, turtle, and frog) anti-NF protein
      antiserum only reacts with neurons, and anti-GFA protein antiserum stains glia
      exclusively. On the surface of trypsin-dissociated, single liver cerebellar cells
      from 7-day-old mice, each antiserum detects antigenic specificities which are
      cross-reactive with its corresponding antigen.

PMID- 385285
TI  - [The mandibular position and the masticatory surface complex in rehabilitations
      with total prostheses].
AB  - The construction principles for a complete denture were discussed in terms of the
      jaw relation and the masticatory surface complex with special reference to the
      conservation and preservation of the prosthetic support material. The habitual,
      neuromuscularly determined, position is recommended as a starting position of the
      mandible for the construction of this alignment; intraoral, central rod analysis
      of the support is helpful for the determination. When the lateral teeth are
      aligned, masticatory stability should be considered. The occluding surfaces
      therefore should be reduced, and the occlusal cusps determined according to the
      transversal interval of the crests for the maxilla and the mandible. In terms of
      the occlusion (articulation) concept, the biomechanical demands shold be
      determined on the basis of unobstructed sliding movements; a completely balanced
      occlusion seems to be the most advantageous in spite of certain disadvantages.
      The desired goal may be achieved with a unilaterally balanced occlusion. Based on
      previous experience, canine guidance as articulation concept has proved to be
      less suitable since symmetrical stress is unobtainable with at least one crest.

PMID- 385284
TI  - [Minimization and maximization of physiological functions and the natural
      physiological adaptations of the body].

PMID- 385286
TI  - [Determination and position of the masticatory surface complex and clinically
      necessary corrections (with special regard to Fehr's calotte articulation)].
AB  - The individual calotte articulation recommended by C. U. Fehr in 1947 has been
      used at the Free University of W. Berlin for clinical teaching since this time.
      The following studies were described and/or recalled and contrasted with other
      methods for determining position: 1. Studies of Grabert mandibular posture
      compared with the Ivo-Tray model. 2. Stoebe's studies of calottes with various
      radii, 3. Eichner's and Schmitthelm's  roentgencinematographic studies, 4.
      Reese's study of biting force, 5. Husemann's comparison of different relational
      determinations, 6. Sauer's study of the success of reocclusion. Based on the
      clinical results and also the results of difficult comparative studies. we see no
      reason to depart from functional determination of relation using calotte-shaped,
      curved wax walls. Clinical example of the grinding surface complex, which is part
      of the method, guarantees construction of the complete denture within the range
      of tissue adaptation. No elaborate apparatuses are required. Even complicated
      tracing methods do not eliminate the possibility of additional work (e.g.,
      removal of pressure areas, reocclusion).

PMID- 385287
TI  - [Masticatory surface complex and stress on the prosthesis bed].
AB  - The reproducibility of a calotte-shaped movement with the Dentatus articulator
      was reported. A calotte mounted in the upper part of the articulator was read by
      a electronic pointer mounted in the lower part of the articulator during lateral
      excursions. It was shown that calotte-shaped movements are reproducible with an
      accuracy of 60 mu and that the condyle path inclincation and incisal guidance are
      more important than the Bennett angle.

PMID- 385288
TI  - [Reproducibility of the jaw relation record].
AB  - The jaw relations in edentulous patients were determined with the use of the
      gotic arch and wax bite blocks. To compare the different methods interchangeable
      tracing devices and wax registrations were used. This apparatus was alternatingly
      used by various investigators, but with the same base plate. A quick and reliable
      survey of the results was possible with this experimental procedure. Our study
      confirmed the superior reproducibility of the graphic method with centrally
      supported needle.

PMID- 385289
TI  - [The so-called "Camper's" plane as a reference plane for the construction of
      artificial sets of teeth].
AB  - Various reference points given in the literature use Camper's plane as an
      analogous plane for the occlusal plane. The original assumption that both planes
      run parallel to each other could not be confirmed. The measured angular
      deviations between both planes do not differ appreciably, regardless of the
      reference point or the examination method. It therefore was suggested that the
      teeth be aligned according to the plane: arbitrary hinge axis point - subnasal
      (AG-SN plane). A re-evaluation of more than 100 subjects with complete dentition
      showed an average angular deviation of 3.87 degrees with the occlusal plane.

PMID- 385290
TI  - [Theoretical physical thoughts on the masticatory stability of complete
      dentures].
AB  - On the basis of physical-theoretical representations, the standard parameters and
      influencial dimensions for occlusally stable tooth alignment with complete
      dentures were explained, and suggestions were given for a statistically favorable
      construction of the grinding surfaces.

PMID- 385291
TI  - [The effect of the arrangement of the artificial sets of teeth on the physical
      stability of total protheses].
AB  - The effect of masticatory forces within and outside the stable stress-bearing
      areas of the complete upper denture on the pressure gradient and the flow of
      saliva into the space under the prosthesis were demonstrated with standardized
      tests. It was shown that masticatory stress within the stable area led to a
      continual increase in pressure in the space under the prosthesis. Masticatory
      force outside the stable area led to a decrease in pressure and an equalization
      of pressure in this space as well as dislocation and tilting of the complete
      denture. Due to masticatory force outside the stable area, the shape of the ridge
      influences the stability of the complete denture.

PMID- 385292
TI  - [Possibilities and limits of prosthetic rehabilitation of the reduced dentition].
AB  - The initial findings are crucial for determining the time and the extent of
      possible prosthetic treatment. The patients to be fitted with a prosthesis are
      divided into several groups, on the basis of the present state and the reaction
      of the masticatory organ to external irritation, into resistant and insufficient
      states. The topography (not the number) of abutment teeth, the relationship of
      the edentulous parts of the jaw to the number of remaining teeth, the extent and
      the course of future prosthetic surfaces, the possibility of the equilibrium and
      distribution of force, the antagonistic relationship of the teeth with each other
      and hygienic factors limit the prosthetic possibilities. The free-end saddle
      represents a particular problem in the fitting of a dental prosthesis; its
      variant forms are discussed and, on the basis of many years of successful
      controls, the possibility and the limitations for the fitting of prostheses were
      pointed out.

PMID- 385293
TI  - [The functional capability of removable partial dentures in various
      classifications of reduced dentitions].
AB  - Based on the functional capability of the prosthesis, 462 removable partial
      dentures worn by 351 patients were grouped into five classifications (according
      to the topographical distribution of the remaining teeth E. Korber, K. Eichner
      and V. L. Steffel, and according to the number of remaining teeth per jaw). A
      statistical evaluation of the data showed that the Steffel classification
      provided the most reliable prognostic indications for the expected functional
      state.

PMID- 385295
TI  - [Caries in supporting teeth with and without crowns].
AB  - On the basis of 1718 teeth in 212 patients fitted with removable partial
      dentures, it was established that the frequency of caries in uncontrolled
      noncrowned abutment teeth for partial dentures was twice as high and the number
      of extractions three times as high as in the control group. The special risk for
      abutment teeth was effectively reduced by using artificial crowns. The concept of
      crowning abutment teeth is discussed.

PMID- 385294
TI  - [The dimensions of cast bar dentures].
AB  - The influence of the moment of inertia on the periodontal alterations developing
      in abutment teeth was determined in 181 cast sublingual partial bar dentures
      after an average of 4 1/2 years. A significant influence could not be
      established. A considerable increase in the degree of loosening and/or pocket
      depth was observed when the dimensions were too small. It therefore is
      recommended that the minimal dimensions of the sublingual bars with segmental
      profile should not be less than 3.2 mm in height and 1.6 mm in width.

PMID- 385296
TI  - [Clinical trials of viloxazine in depressive states].

PMID- 385297
TI  - Agonist (ovulation induction) and post-coital contraceptive properties of [D
      Ala6] and [D-Trp6]-LHRH series.
AB  - Seven derivatives of LH-RH, representing the [D-Ala6] or [D-Trp6] series, with or
      without a Fujino modification, were evaluated for ovulation-inducing (agonist and
      post-coital contraceptive activity in rats. Six of these analogues had a high
      degree of agonist and pregnancy-terminating potency. In general, several
      modifications can result in a particular series of composite molecules that
      possess a biologic potency greater than each of its predecessors; this
      correlation of structure with activity was more consistent in the [D-Ala6]-series
      than in the [D-Trp6]-series. The relationship between structural modifications,
      resistance to enzyme degradation (based on literature reports) and increased
      biologic potency is discussed.

PMID- 385298
TI  - Evaluation of in vitro incubation systems for the study of gonadotropin release.
AB  - A detailed study was undertaken in order to determine if a pituitary-half
      incubation system were a suitable model for the study of anterior pituitary
      response to estradiol and LHRH. Considerable variation in the gonadotropin
      content of randomized pituitary halves was observed. Much less variation was
      found in matched halves. During the initial thirty minutes incubation of
      pituitary halves, a large spontaneous release of gonadotropins was observed. Time
      course secretion studies indicated that by four hours incubation, in the presence
      of 50 ng/ml LHRH, cumulative secretion of LH and FSH had far exceeded that of
      controls. Elevations in both cumulative secretion and rate of secretion were
      evident within 15-30 minutes of incubation. Regardless of LHRH dose, only 2-4% of
      either gonadotropin was secreted. Estradiol in the range of 10, 100, 500, 1,000
      and 50,000 pg/ml had no significant effect on pituitary response to LHRH or on
      basal release, tissue levels or total gonadotropin. Based on these results, it
      was concluded that while the pituitary-half incubation system may be suitable for
      studying LHRH induced gonadotropin secretion, it is apparently of insufficient
      sensitivity to allow the collection of meaningful data concerning the effects of
      estradiol alone on gonadotropin secretion or estradiol modulation of LHRH induced
      gonadotropin secretion.

PMID- 385299
TI  - Bombesin stimulates the release of insulin and glucagon, but not pancreatic
      somatostatin, from the isolated perfused dog pancreas.
AB  - Synthetic bombesin, perfused in the isolated canine pancreas at a rate of 340-380
      ng/min for 10 min, elicited a 4-fold rise in insulin to a peak at 2 min; a rapid
      decline followed discontinuation of bombesin. Glucagon rose by 50% to a peak at 6
      min, but remained elevated after discontinuation of the bombesin. Somatostatin
      like immunoreactivity was not significantly affected by perfusion with bombesin.

PMID- 385300
TI  - Mode of gonadotropin secretion in infantile female rats and the role of estrogen
      in feedback regulation.
AB  - The temporal aspects of gonadotropin release were studied in infantile (14-day
      old) female rats. Blood samples were collected using vena cava cannulae at 10-,
      15-, 20-, or 30-min intervals and assayed for either LH alone or for both LH and
      FSH. Within individual animals, blood LH levels exhibited a degree of variability
      suggestive of a pulsatile release of the hormone. Wide fluctuations in
      circulating FSH were also observed, indicating that FSH might also be secreted in
      a pulsatile manner. Peak values for both gonadotropins were 2- to 5-fold higher
      than baseline levels. The majority of pups exhibited a nonrhythmic release of
      hormones. In some animals, LH and FSH appeared to be secreted in a temporally
      coincident manner. Administration of LHRH to cannulated pups evoked a
      simultaneous discharge of both gonadotropins. To determine whether endogenous 17
      beta-estradiol (E2) plays a physiological role in the control of LH secretion in
      infantile rats, circulating LH levels were monitored in cannulated pups which had
      been treated twice daily with anti-E2 serum for 4 days. Passive immunization to
      E2 did not affect pulsatile LH  secretion. Therefore, the results of this study
      demonstrate that in infantile female rats, LH is secreted in a pulsatile manner
      which is independent of E2 feedback regulation.

PMID- 385301
TI  - Alteration of the intracellular calcium level stimulates gonadotropin release
      from cultured rat anterior pituitary cells.

PMID- 385303
TI  - Chronic effects of [D-Trp6,Pro9-NEt]luteinizing hormone-releasing factor on
      reproductive processes in the male rat.
AB  - Chronic administration of a potent LRF agonist, [D-Trp6,Pro9-NEt]LFR (A), to
      intact adult male rats induced a dose-related decrease in testicular and
      accessory organ weights, diminished production of testosterone (T), and disrupted
      tubular morphology, indicative of suppression of spermatogenesis. Transient
      elevations of plasma progesterone levels and a marked reduction of PRL secretion
      were also observed in A-treated rats. The effects of A on testicular weights, T
      levels, and seminiferous tubule morphology were already apparent 3 days after the
      first injection. Administration of A was equally effective when administered
      daily or at 1- to 4-day intervals in lowering steroid levels and testicular
      weights. After a 1-week daily exposure to A, seminal vesicles and prostate
      weights as well as T levels returned to control values within 1--2 weeks.
      Testicular weights, however, were still depressed 4 weeks after cessation of
      treatment, and germinal epithelium was disrupted in 30--40% of the tubules.
      Measurement of T and LH plasma levels after each daily injection of A indicated a
      blunting of succeeding A-induced elevations of LH and T, which lasted up to 72 h
      after a single administration of A. The observation that cultured pituitary cells
      repeatedly exposed to A showed a similar blunting of LRF-induced LH elevation
      suggests that the decrease in pituitary responsiveness was not exclusively due to
      steroid feedback. Administration of T propionate to A-treated intact rats was
      unable to restore normal testicular weights and seminiferous tubule morphology,
      whereas in hypophysectomized rats, T propionate maintained qualitatively normal
      spermatogenesis even in the presence of A. These results coupled with the
      observation that high levels of hCG and PMS gonadotropin had effects similar to
      those of A on the tubular morphology of intact rats suggest the importance of
      pituitary secretion in mediating the deleterious effects of A on reproductive
      functions in the male rat.

PMID- 385302
TI  - Evidence for the involvement of an energy-dependent process in gonadotropin
      releasing hormone-stimulated luteinizing hormone release by rat anterior
      pituitary.
AB  - The involvement of an energy-dependent process in gonadotropin-releasing hormone
      (GnRH) stimulated LH release in the anterior pituitary has been examined.
      Inhibitors of both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation inhibited stimulation
      by GnRH of LH release in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Iodoacetate and 2
      deoxyglucose inhibited GnRH-stimulated LH release, and this inhibition was not
      overcome by the addition of pyruvate. Similarly carbonyl cyanide m
      chlorophenylhydrazine, an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, and sodium
      azide, an inhibitor of electron transport, decreased ATP levels, enhanced lactate
      accumulation, and inhibited GnRH-stimulated LH release. These studies demonstrate
      that inhibition of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation with metabolic
      inhibitors lead to inhibition of GnRH-stimulated LH release. Based on these
      results, it is postulated that GnRH-stimuoated LH release is dependent on an
      energy-dependent process.

PMID- 385304
TI  - Preparation and properties of hypothalamic factors capable of altering pancreatic
      hormone release in vitro.

PMID- 385305
TI  - Pentosephosphate shunt activity of rat pancreatic islets: its dependence on
      glucose concentration.
AB  - Although several attempts have been made to establish a relationship between
      glucose concentration and pentosephosphate shunt (PPS) activity of pancreatic
      islets in vitro, no such relationship has been found. Recently it has been shown
      that exogenous insulin, when added in vitro, inhibited islet PPS activity. Since
      it was possible that the failure to detect such a relationship was due to insulin
      released into the incubation medium, we reinvestigated the subject, introducing
      GPAIS (guinea pig antiinsulin serum) to bind insulin in the medium. When five
      islets were incubated with 16.7 mM glucose for 90 min, the absolute rate as well
      as the percentage of islet PPS activity were found to be significantly higher (P
      less than 0.05) in the presence of GPAIS than in its absence. In the presence of
      GPAIS, the absolute rate and the percentage of islet PPS activity increased in a
      dose-related manner (18, 43, and 124 pmol/five islets.90 min and 2.3%, 3.2%,
      9.4%, respectively) when the glucose concentration was raised from 5.6 to 11.1
      and 16.7 mM. Our data, therefore, indicate that the activity of islet PPS
      activity in vitro depends on the concentration of glucose, provided that insulin
      does not accumulate in the incubation medium. This suggests that PPS activity
      might play a role in glucose-induced insulin secretion. However, whether the PPS
      contributes to the secretory mechanism by producing a signal for insulin
      secretion or by forming cofactors required by the secretory mechanism remains to
      be established.

PMID- 385307
TI  - Obituary: Professor G. C. E. Burger.

PMID- 385306
TI  - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in horses: aetiological studies:
      responses to intradermal and inhalation antigenic challenge.
AB  - Micropolyspora faeni and Aspergillus fumigatus were identified as common causes
      of respiratory hypersensitivity in horses affected with chronic obstructive
      pulmonary disease (COPD). Rye grass pollen and an Actinomycete evoked respiratory
      allergy in a few horses. Not infrequently, individual horses were found to have
      respiratory hypersensitivity to two or more antigens. The methods used to examine
      for allergy were intradermal testing and inhalation challenge with environmental
      antigens. An intradermal test using an M faeni extract was demonstrated to be
      suitable for diagnostic use in horses previously accurately diagnosed as
      suffering from COPD. In contrast, the A fumigatus antigen used proved
      unsatisfactory for such a purpose. Skin reaction to M faeni and A fumigatus
      extracts by horses affected with COPD indicated that the hypersensitivity was a
      dual one--a weak response shortly after injection followed by an Arthus-like
      response 4 to 8 hours later. As a parameter for monitoring responses to
      inhalation challenge, maximum intrathoracic pressure change (max delta Ppl)
      proved satisfactory, whereas changes in partial pressure of arterial oxygen
      (PaO2) did not.

PMID- 385308
TI  - 50-S subunit from Escherichia coli ribosomes. Isolation of active ribosomal
      proteins and protein complexes.
AB  - A method is described for the isolation of highly purified proteins from the 50-S
      subunit of Escherichia coli ribosomes. All the proteins from the large subunit
      could be isolated with the exception of L14, L26, L31 and L34. The isolated
      proteins are functionally active in reconstituted particles. The method consists
      of successive NH4Cl/EtOH and LiCl washing steps, which split off distinct groups
      of proteins from the ribosome. The protein groups are further separated by a
      combination of gel filtration (Sephadex G-100) and ion-exchange chromatography
      (carboxymethylcellulose) in the presence of 6 M urea, at neutral pH and 4 degrees
      C. The purity of the proteins was analyzed by two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis. In addition, ten protein complexes were isolated and identified.

PMID- 385309
TI  - The binding of non-cognate Tyr-tRNATyr to poly(uridylic acid)-programmed
      Escherichia coli ribosomes.
AB  - The poly(U)-dependent binding of Tyr-tRNATyr to Escherichia coli ribosomes has
      been studied using a highly purified system. Binding is maximal at 10 mM
      magnesium acetate (up to 0.7 molecule Tyr-tRNATyr/ribosome), and requires the
      presence of elongation factor (EF) T (a mixture of EF-Ts and EF-Tu), GTP, NH4+
      ions and an aminoglycoside antibiotic (streptomycin, neomycin B, kanamycin B or
      gentamicin C1a). Under limiting and up to saturating concentrations of EF-T, one
      molecule of GTP is hydrolyzed per molecule of Tyr-tRNATyr bound, suggesting that
      'proof-reading' mechanisms involving the hydrolysis of GTP are inoperative in the
      presence of the antibiotics. Binding of Tyr-tRNATyr apparently takes place at the
      ribosomal acceptor site, since peptide bonds are readily formed with N-acetyl-Phe
      tRNA prebound to the ribosomal donor site. In contrast to Phe-tRNAPhe binding,
      Tyr-tRNATyr binding is impaired by the omission of the 50-S subunit, the
      replacement of GTP by its non-hydrolyzable analogs guanyl-5'-yl methylene
      diphosphonate and guanyl-5'-yl iminodiphosphonate, and also by the presence of
      the antibiotic streptogramin A. This suggests that the correct interaction of Tyr
      tRNATyr with the peptidyl transferase centre is essential for the stability of
      this ligand on the ribosome. Moreover, the aminoglycoside antibiotics are also
      necessary, even after the binding reaction is complete, to maintain Tyr-tRNATyr
      on the ribosome.

PMID- 385311
TI  - Abnormal metabolism of thymidine nucleotides and phosphorylation of deoxycytidine
      in Escherichia coli C thy- ura- mutant.

PMID- 385310
TI  - Lack of correlation between affinity of the tRNA for the aminoacyl-tRNA
      synthetase and aminoacylation capacity as studied with modified tRNAPhe.
AB  - The interactions of several modified yeast tRNAPhe [tRNAPhe lacking 7
      methylguanine; a fragment comprising about 3/4 of the whole molecule: tRNAPhe (18
      -76); tRNAPhe (18--76) lacking 7-methylguanine] with yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA
      synthetase were studied. Upon excision of the 5'-quarter of the tRNAPhe molecule,
      the residual fragment still tightly binds to the synthetase, but can no longer by
      aminoacylated. Surprisingly, upon removal of the 7-methylguanine base at position
      46 in this fragment, althought the affinity drops by a factor 10, a significant
      aminoacylation is restored. These results are discussed in terms of molecular
      flexibility and a model is proposed for tRNA-enzyme interaction, involving
      multisite recognition.

PMID- 385312
TI  - Gene duplication in the evolution of the yeast hexokinase active site.

PMID- 385313
TI  - Irreversible inactivation of pyruvate decarboxylase in the presence of substrate
      and an oxidant. An example of paracatalytic enzyme inactivation.
AB  - Pyruvate decarboxylase from yeast is progressively inactivated in the presence of
      pyruvate and an extrinsic oxidant such as 2,6-dichloroindophenol or
      hexacyanoferrate(III). The inactivation is linked to the oxidation of the
      hydroxyethylthiamine diphosphate intermediate to acetate. Removal of low
      molecular compounds by gel filtration does not reactivate the enzyme. The rate of
      inactivation obeys saturation kinetics with respect to substrate concentration
      and is independent of enzyme concentration. In analogy to the paracatalytic
      inactivation of other enzymes forming oxidizable carbanion intermediates
      [Christen, P. (1977) Methods Enzymol.46, 48--54], the oxidation of enzyme-bound
      hydroxyethylthiamine diphosphate is thought to generate a transiently reactive
      intermediate which, without being released from the enzyme, covalently modifies a
      group at or near the active site. Reconstitution experiments indicate that the
      protein rather than the coenzyme moiety is modified.

PMID- 385315
TI  - Protein . nucleic-acid reaction kinetics. Theoretical analysis of the binding
      reaction between DNA and RNA polymerase.
AB  - This paper presents methods developed in order to analyze experimental results
      concerning the binding of Escherichia coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerase to DNA at
      high and at low DNA concentrations, using the filter retention assay. The basis
      hypotheses, under which the mathematical expressions for describing the kinetics
      of binding are derived, are as follows. (a) At low DNA concentration: equivalence
      and independence of the specific binding sites; first-order dependence of the
      binding reaction on both DNA and protein concentration. (b) At high DNA
      concentration: equivalence and independence of the non-specific binding sites; no
      direct transfer or one-dimensional sliding of the protein along the DNA.
      Comparison between theoretical predictions and experimental results at high DNA
      concentration will allow one to determine the relative value of the rates of
      binding of RNA polymerase to different promoters (between 1 and 2 in T5 DNA).
      Binding experiments performed at low DNA concentration are reported in this
      paper: these results and the analysis which is reported allow one to determine
      the value of the rate constant of formation of non-filterable complexes for the
      system fd DNA (replicative form) . RNA-polymerase (kappa a = 3.3 X 10(8) M-1 s-1
      in 0.1 M NaCl, 0.01 M MgCl2).

PMID- 385314
TI  - Studies on a proteinase B mutant of yeast.
AB  - Yeast mutant lacking proteinase B activity have been isolated [Wolf, D. H. and
      Ehmann, C. (1978) FEBS Lett. 92, 121--124]. One of these mutants (HP232) is
      characterized in detail. Absence of the vacuolar localized enzyme is confirmed by
      checking for proteinase B activity in isolated mutant vacuoles. Defective
      proteinase B activity segregates 2:2 in meiotic tetrads. The mutation is shown to
      be recessive. Mutant proteinase B activity is not only absent against the
      synthetic substrate. Azocoll, but also against the physiological substrate pre
      chitin synthetase, cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase and fructose-1,6
      bisphosphatase. The mutant shows normal vegetative growth, a phenomenon not
      consistent with the idea that proteinase B might be the activating principle of
      chitin synthetase zymogen in vivo. Fluorescence microscopy shows normal chitin
      insertion. Enzymes underlying carbon-catabolite inactivation in wild-type cells
      (a mechanism proposed to be possibly triggered by proteinase B) such as
      cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase,
      phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and isocitrate lyase, are inactivated also in
      the mutant. NADP-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase, which is found to be
      inactivated in glucose-starved wild-type cells, proceeds normally in the mutant.
      Mutant cells show more than 40% reduced protein degradation under starvation
      conditions. Sporulating diploids, homozygous for proteinase B absence, also
      exhibit an approximately 40% reduced protein degradation as compared to
      homozygous wild-type diploids or diploids heterozygous for the mutant gene. The
      time of the appearance of the first ascospores of diploid cells, homozygous for
      proteinase B deficiency, is delayed about 50% and sporulation frequency is
      reduced to about the same extent as compared to homozygous wild-type diploids or
      diploids heterozygous for the mutant gene.

PMID- 385316
TI  - Reconstitution of active 30-S ribosomal subunits in vitro using heat-denatured 16
      S rRNA.
AB  - 30-S ribosomal subunits which have been reconstituted using heat-denatured 16-S
      rRNA can participate in the synthesis of lysosyme in vitro. Therefore all the
      information contributed by 16-S rRNA to the reconstitution process is carried in
      the primary sequence of this RNA. The specific protein-synthesizing activity of
      30-S subunits reconstituted from 30-S subunit proteins and heat-denatured 16-S
      rRNA is about one third of that observed if unheated 16-S rRNA is used and is
      comparable to the activity of 30-S particles isolated after dissociation of 70-S
      ribosomes in the presence of 0.1 mM Mg2+.

PMID- 385318
TI  - Isolation of plasmid-protein complexes from Escherichia coli.
AB  - A procedure is described for the isolation of complexes between pMB9 plasmids and
      protein from Escherichia coli which are stable during centrifugation on sucrose
      gradients and are not destroyed in the presence of competitor DNA. The proteins
      in these complexes have been analysed by dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. Only 10 polypeptide species are found in significant quantities,
      many of which are bound to both the plasmid and host DNA. We have also detected
      the presence of one protein which binds to a specific DNA sequence inserted in
      the plasmid.

PMID- 385317
TI  - Comparative analysis of the effect of aminoglycosides on bacterial protein
      synthesis in vitro.

PMID- 385319
TI  - On the binding of tRNA to Escherichia coli RNA polymerase.
AB  - The fixation of tRNA to Escherichia coli RNA polymerase has been investigated.
      Bound and free tRNA have been separated and quantified after filtration through
      cellulose nitrate filters, centrifugation or sucrose gradients or electrophoresis
      in polyacrylamide gels. We detect no differences between the fixation of E. coli
      fMet-tRNAfMet, Met-tRNAmMet or uncharged unfractionated tRNA to RNA polymerase.
      Tight complexes, with a long residence time, are formed between core enzyme and
      tRNA with a dissociation constant of less than 1 nM. Complexes exist between tRNA
      and both monomer and dimer forms of the core enzyme. In the monomer complex, one
      tRNA is bound per alpha 2 beta beta' unit, whereas in the dimer complex only 0.5
      tRNA molecule is fixed per alpha 2 beta beta' unit. In contrast to the core
      enzyme, very little tRNA fixes tightly to the holoenzyme at salt concentrations
      greater than 80 mM. At lower salt concentrations tRNA fixation results in a loss
      of sigma subunit from the holo enzyme to the resulting core enzyme where it binds
      tightly. DNA fixation reduces the binding of tRNA to RNA polymerase and tRNA
      fixation reduces the binding of DNA. However, binding of DNA to polymerase is not
      competitive with binding of tRNA, and ternary complexes between RNA polymerase,
      DNA and tRNA are shown to exist. Our results are discussed in relation to other
      studies concerning the effects of tRNA upon RNA polymerase.

PMID- 385320
TI  - Iron supply of Escherichia coli with polymer-bound ferricrocin.
AB  - Uptake of ferric iron from ferricrocin was studied in Escherichia coli using a
      polymer-coupled ferricrocin that was unable to penetrate into the cell.
      Ferricrocinyl polyethylene glycol succinate (Mr 7000 -- 8500) promoted growth of
      E. coli K-12 AB2847 aroB under iron-limiting conditions. In iron-starved cells,
      uptake of 55Fe could be demonstrated; the amount of iron accumulated amounted to
      10% of that observed with free ferricrocin. The iron supply by ferricrocin bound
      to polyethylene glycol was strictly dependent upon the functions expressed by the
      tonA and the tonB genes, as was the iron uptake promoted by free ferricrocin.
      Polymer-bound ferricrocin protected cells against colicin M and phage T5 by
      competition for the common tonA-coded outer membrane receptor protein. In
      addition, the rate of iron transport via the negatively charged ferricrocinyl
      succinate was as fast as via the neutral ferricrocin molecule. No ligand was
      found associated with the cells. Penetration of chelator beyond receptor is not
      necessary for siderophore-mediated iron uptake. It is concluded that sufficient
      amounts of iron can be released from the polymer complex to satisfy growth
      requirements.

PMID- 385321
TI  - The organization of cytokeratin filaments in the intestinal epithelium.

PMID- 385322
TI  - Intermediate-sized filaments present in Sertoli cells are of the vimentin type.
AB  - The cytoplasmic structure of Sertoli cells of rat testes has been studied by
      electron microscopy of ultrathin sections. Sertoli cells contain numerous
      intermediate-sized (7-11 nm) filaments which form a meshwork extending throughout
      the whole cytoplasm. Often the frequency of such filaments appears especially
      high in juxtanuclear and cortical regions, including the apical recesses
      containing the spermatids. Examination of frozen sections of testes by indirect
      immunofluorescence microscopy using guinea pig antibodies to prekeratin and
      vimentin has shown the absence of intermediate-sized filaments of the cytokeratin
      type in all cells of the testes but the presence of filaments of the vimentin
      type in Sertoli cells as well as in cells of the interstitial space. These
      results show that the intermediate-sized filaments, abundant in Sertoli cells,
      are of the vimentin type. In addition we conclude that the "germ epithelium"
      differs from others true epithelia by the absence of cytokeratin filaments and
      typical desmosomes and, in Sertoli cells, the presence of vimentin filaments,
      suggestive of a mesenchymal character or derivation.

PMID- 385323
TI  - Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease: analysis of EEG and evoked potentials under basal
      conditions and neuroactive drugs.
AB  - EEG and evoked potential (EP) recordings of a female (aged 70) affected with
      Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease (JCD) are reported. A comparison of neurophysiological
      tests under basal conditions and pharmacological stimulation with
      methylphenidate, diazepam and piracetam was performed. Diazepam and
      methylphenidate produced a flattening of triphasic complexes and changes in
      background activity; piracetam did not seem to influence the abnormal brain
      bioelectrical environment. The authors conclude that EEG and EP abnormalities in
      JCD can be ascribed to two separate and interacting sources: (1) exaggerated
      massive excitatory input coming from a deep thalamic pace-maker throughout the
      diffuse projecting system, and (2) lack of inhibitory intracortical mechanisms.

PMID- 385324
TI  - Cardiac output distribution after left colon anastomosis in the rat.
AB  - Resection and anastomosis of the left colon result in an aysmmetric breakdown of
      preexisting collagen in the colonic wall during the first days of healing. Suture
      technique influences this reaction. To study the regional blood flow in the colon
      after resection and anastomosis a tracer microsphere technique was used for
      determination of the cardiac output distribution in four groups of rats:
      unoperated and sham-operated controls and rats with left colon anastomosis
      sutured either by continuous or interrupted sutures. There were no differences in
      the organ distribution of caridac output between unoperated and sham-operated
      controls. Left colon resection and anastomosis led to an increased regional blood
      flow in the colon, which was most marked proximal to the anastomosis and
      furthermore more pronounced in animals with anastomosis made of continuous suture
      than in those made of interrupted sutures. Further, resection and anastomosis
      resulted in an increased cardiac output distribution to the visceral organs. The
      visceral increase was most pronounced in animals with continuous suture. This
      increase was predominantly observed in the kidneys and in the colon. The latter
      is interpreted as being due to an increased metabolic demand induced by resection
      and anastomosis.

PMID- 385325
TI  - Controlled blocking of hepatic artery flow with enzymatically degradable
      microspheres combined with oncolytic drugs.
AB  - A new method for intermittent hepatic arterial flow arrest has been used in
      combination with intraarterial 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) for the treatment of
      secondary liver neoplasms in 12 patients. Polysaccharide microspheres with a half
      life of 1 h were infused together with 5-Fu via a percutaneously introduced
      catheter into the hepatic artery. There were no significant side effects to the
      treatment. Clinical effects and overall survival were comparable to those of
      hepatic artery ligation.

PMID- 385326
TI  - Assessment of the role of chemotherapy and radiotherapy as adjuvant in the
      treatment of osteosarcomas of the limbs. A trial of the E.O.R.T.C. (Clinical
      Cooperative Group Radiotherapy/Chemotherapy) and of the S.I.O.P.

PMID- 385327
TI  - Virus expression in various tissues of mice inoculated with variants of Gross
      leukemia virus.

PMID- 385328
TI  - Dianhydrogalactitol (NSC-132313): phase II study in solid tumors.

PMID- 385329
TI  - Complement and Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis of normal and stimulated mouse
      peritoneal macrophages.

PMID- 385331
TI  - Hypotensive and renovascular actions of 6-keto-prostaglandin E1, a metabolite of
      prostacyclin.
AB  - Either intra-aortic or intravenous injections of a stable prostaglandin
      metabolite, 6-keto-prostaglandin E1 (6-keto-PGE1), caused similar dose-dependent
      falls in blood pressure and reductions in renovascular resistance in the
      anesthetized rat. The threshold dose was 0.3 microgram/kg. A maximum hypotensive
      effect occured at 10 micrograms/kg, but renal blood flow was further reduced by a
      dose of 30 microgram/kg. 6-keto-PGE1, like prostacyclin, could be a circulating
      hormone.

PMID- 385330
TI  - Platelet-activating factor and macrophages. I. Evidence for the release from rat
      and mouse peritoneal macrophages and not from mastocytes.
AB  - Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a phospholipid mediator of anaphylaxis,
      released from basophils of several mammalian species, that aggregates platelets
      and releases their vasoactive amines. The ionophore A23 187 induced the release
      of PAF from rat and mouse peritoneal cells, a mixed cell population that was
      fractionated using 5--15% Ficoll gradients and adherence to plastic petri dishes.
      PAF was associated with large, acid phosphatase-containing, adherent mononuclear
      cells. Mastocytes did not release PAF but released histamine by the action of
      ionophore or 48/80; they could not be held responsible for inactivation of PAF or
      inhibition of the PAF-induced platelet aggregation. These data indicate that,
      besides blood basophils, peritoneal macrophages are a likely source for PAF, a
      result that adds a new important function to the macrophage:aggregation of
      platelets and liberation of their inflammatory and vasoactive substances.

PMID- 385332
TI  - The effects of captopril (SQ 14,225) on bradykinin-induced bronchoconstriction in
      the anesthetized guinea pig.
AB  - The effect of captopril (SQ 14,225) a potent inhibitor of angiotensin converting
      enzyme (ACE: kininase II) on the bronchoconstrictor response to bradykinin was
      studied in the anesthetized guinea pig. The i.v. administration of captopril
      caused a profound long lasting hypotension without affecting pulmonary resistance
      or dynamic compliance. Similarly, the i.v. administration of bradykinin caused
      small increases in pulmonary resistance and decreases in dynamic compliance which
      were not altered by the administration of captopril. However, after beta-receptor
      blockade with propranolol, bradykinin-induced changes in resistance and
      compliance were enhanced; additional captopril administration further potentiated
      the bradykinin effects. The prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor indomethacin
      antagonized the bradykinin-induced bronchoconstriction in beta-blocked animals
      and its potentiation by captopril. In the isolated perfused guinea pig lung,
      bradykinin caused a dose dependent release of a prostaglandin-like substance
      which was significantly increased by captopril and antagonized by indomethacin.
      These results suggest that bradykinin causes a prostaglandin-mediated
      bronchoconstriction. Captopril, a potent inhibitor of ACE, prevents the
      degradation of bradykinin thus potentiating the bradykinin-induced
      bronchoconstriction, an effect observed in intact animals only in the absence of
      pulmonary beta-receptor activation.

PMID- 385334
TI  - Septo-hippocampal connections and the hippocampal theta rhythm.
AB  - Recordings were made of spontaneous hippocampal theta activity in free-moving
      rats, before and after a variety of lesions. Three recording sites were used to
      monitor activity in the dorsal hippocampus, the ventral hippocampus, or close to
      the site of the hippocampal flexure. Electrolytic lesions were made in the medial
      septal area or the dorso-lateral septal area; surgical transections were made of
      the fimbria or dorso-medial area of the fornix. Following lesions restricted to
      the medial septal area, theta was abolished throughout the hippocampus; after
      lesions restricted to the dorso-lateral septal area theta was retained. Fimbria
      lesions abolished it in the dorsal, but not the ventral, hippocampus. In some
      subjects the hippocampal formation was subsequently stained for cholinesterase:
      cholinesterase staining loss was generally associated with theta loss, but this
      was not clear at the flexure recording site. It was confirmed that theta is
      dependent upon the integrity of the medial septal area. It was concluded that
      damage to hippocampal afferents from the septum does abolish theta, while
      damaging the feedback efferents does not.

PMID- 385335
TI  - In vivo effect of protease inhibitors in denervation atrophy.

PMID- 385333
TI  - Electroanatomy of tectal efferent connections related to eye movements in the
      horizontal plane.
AB  - 1. Excitatory and inhibitory oligosynaptic pathways from the superior colliculus
      (CS) to ocular motoneurons engaged in horizontal eye movements were investigated
      in cats using acute and chronic brain stem transections in combination with
      intracellular recordings. 2. Isolation of the medial ponto-bulbar tegmentum from
      vestibular nuclei and adjacent lateral tegmental structures did not impair short
      latency EPSPs and IPSPs induced by collicular stimulation in lateral rectus
      motoneurons (LR-MNs). On the contrary, responses were enhanced after chronic de
      efferentation of vestibular nuclei. This suggests compensatory synaptic
      rearrangement in the tecto-reticulo-abducens pathways. 3. Midsagittal
      mesencephalic transections eliminated not only crossed excitatory but also
      ipsilateral inhibitory CS action on LR-MNs indicating that underlying pathways
      undergo decussation within the midbrain. 4. Midsagittal transections at different
      pontine and bulbar levels were performed to locate the second decussation of the
      inhibitory pathway. Ipsilateral IPSPs were eliminated only by deep lesions
      extending for about 1.5 mm rostral and caudal to the 6th nuclei. 5. Investigation
      of medial rectus motoneurons (MR-MNs) revealed two types of excitatory responses
      to CS-stimulation: (a) di- or trisynaptic EPSPs characterized by a fast rising
      phase and pronounced frequency potentiation; (b) slowly rising EPSPs displaying
      little or no frequency potentiation. 'Fast' EPSPs were abolished by all types of
      pontine lesions interrupting transmission through the contralateral 'abducens
      region' and may thus be relayed by internuclear neurons within or adjacent to the
      6th nucleus. 'Slow' EPSPs persisted after transverse sections at midpontine and
      rostral pontine levels. 6. The trajectory of tectofugal inhibitory pathway to MR
      MNs could not be followed due to a marked suppression of IPSPs under
      pentobarbital anesthesia. Persistence of IPSPs in LR-MNs under same conditions
      indicated that reciprocal inhibition of LR- and MR-MNs is mediated by different
      populations of inhibitory interneurons.

PMID- 385337
TI  - The home observation assessment method (HOAM): real-time naturalistic observation
      of families in their homes.
AB  - The Home Observation Assessment Method (HOAM) is a new method developed to carry
      out objective coding of family interaction over extended time periods in a home
      setting. It is a computer-compatible coding system that permits on-line data
      reduction of interactional variables emphasizing contextual and structural
      dimensions of family behavior. To date, the HOAM has been applied to the study of
      31 families observed for a total of over 250 sessions. Initial analysis of data
      from these sessions indicates that coder reliability is high and that the HOAM
      successfully measures dimensions of family behavior independent of architectural
      aspects of the home setting. Preliminary findings also indicate that although
      families differ dramatically along the interactional dimensions measured by the
      HOAM, all families studied spent remarkably little time in decision-making
      behavior, suggesting that behavior in the home is predominantly "maintenance
      oriented."

PMID- 385336
TI  - Studies on experimental ancylostomiasis: transfer of acquired immunity to
      Ancylostoma caninum in mice through sensitized thymus and bone marrow cells.
AB  - An attempt has been made to transfer acquired immunity to Ancylostoma caninum
      infective larvae from infected Swiss albino female mice to nonimmune, isologous
      recipients of same sex, through immunized thymus and bone marrow cells. Immunized
      cells from donors infected with a single high dose of 1000 larvae were found to
      be more immunocompetent than cells from donors infected with a single, but low
      dose of 500 larvae.

PMID- 385338
TI  - [Molecular pharmacology of the steroid hormones: basic tenets, experimental and
      theoretical premises and unresolved problems].

PMID- 385339
TI  - Transcription of globin genes in reticulocyte chromatin.

PMID- 385340
TI  - Inhibition of alkaline phosphatase isozyme conversion by protease inhibitors in
      Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 385342
TI  - Determination of the membrane potential in bacterial membrane vesicles from the
      accumulation of N-methyldeptropine.

PMID- 385341
TI  - Inhibition of bacterial glutamate decarboxylase by tricarboxylic acid cycle
      intermediates.

PMID- 385343
TI  - Compact globular structure of protein S15 from Escherichia coli ribosomes.

PMID- 385344
TI  - Primary structure of the swinging arms of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 385345
TI  - Cooperative binding of manganese to citrate lyase from Klebsiella aerogenes.

PMID- 385347
TI  - Isosteric metal complexes of ionophore A23187: a basis for cation selectivity.

PMID- 385346
TI  - Evidence for the involvement of human polymorphonuclear leucocyte mannose-like
      receptors in the phagocytosis of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 385348
TI  - Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis: further evidence for proteinase
      involvement.

PMID- 385349
TI  - Functional, anatomical and pharmacological aspects of central motivational
      systems: a tribute to James Olds. Introduction.

PMID- 385350
TI  - Participation of brain stimulation reward substrates in memory: anatomical and
      biochemical evidence.
AB  - On the basis of the pioneering leads provided by James Olds, brain stimulation
      reward has been shown to be a) derived from specific anatomical locations, b)
      influenced by psychotropic drugs, and c) functionally related to feeding behavior
      and sexual activity. These results recommend the view that it is worthwhile to
      understand, not necessarily the curious intracranial self-stimulation behavior
      itself, but the physiological function of the substrate revealed by the
      intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) technique. I have suggested that certain
      components of the brain stimulation reward system may function as a memory
      consolidation system. In view of the biological specificity of brain
      reinforcement pathways, I suggest the hypothesis that activity in the
      mesocortical dopaminergic brain stimulation reward pathways participates in the
      memory consolidation process. Consequent to activity in such anatomical systems,
      phosphorylation of band F in the frontal cortex is altered. Thus, intracranial
      self-stimulation pathways are considered to play a role in memory formation by
      providing a biochemical residual following learning.

PMID- 385351
TI  - Hypothalamic self-stimulation and stimulation escape in relation to feeding and
      mating.
AB  - This review begins with James Olds' discovery that self-stimulation at various
      brain sites can be influenced by food intake or androgen treatment. It then
      describes our research designed to reveal the functional significance of self
      stimulation. The evidence suggests that lateral hypothalamic self-stimulation is
      controlled by many of the same factors that control feeding. We believe this
      control is exerted by at least two neural mechanisms. One is the classical,
      medial hypothalamic satiety system. Another is an adrenergic system ascending
      from the midbrain to the lateral hypothalamus. Damage to either one can
      disinhibit self-stimulation and feeding, thus contributing to obesity. Some of
      our studies use rats with two electrodes, one that induces feeding and one that
      induces mating. There are two response levers in the test cage, one for self
      stimulation and one for escape from automatic stimulation. With the feeding
      electrode, rats self-stimulated less and escaped more after a meal than before.
      The same shift occurred after an anorectic dose of insulin or the commercial
      appetite suppressant phenylpropanolamine. With the sex electrode the shift from
      reward to aversion occurred after ejaculation. The review ends with credit to
      James Olds for pioneering this line of research into the neuropsychology of
      reinforcement.

PMID- 385352
TI  - The significance of clinical assessment of brain tissue oxygenation in different
      pathological conditions: an overview.
AB  - The development of methods of measurement of brain oxygenation in man is reviewed
      and the possible clinical potential of some new and established laboratory
      techniques is evaluated. Advantages and problems associated with the various
      approaches are considered together with the difficulties that are encountered in
      interpretation of data obtained and the factors that may increase such
      difficulties. It is concluded that invasive techniques that can only be used
      intraoperatively are of limited value but may be helpful in confirming the edges
      of ischemic areas or the restoration of adequate local blood flow. Chronically
      implanted devices have been useful in detecting epileptic foci and in evaluation
      of anesthetic regimes in patients with brain lesions. Infrared spectroscopy may
      offer possibilities for noninvasive whole brain monitoring in patients, but the
      method lacks resolution.

PMID- 385353
TI  - [Development of the pharmacy network in the 2d half of the 30's].

PMID- 385354
TI  - [Microcapsules, a new drug form].

PMID- 385356
TI  - [Methods for the quantitative determination of guanidine derivative drug
      substances].

PMID- 385355
TI  - [Differential photometric method and the prospects for its use in pharmaceutical
      analysis].

PMID- 385357
TI  - [Fate of acetylsalicylic acid in the body].

PMID- 385358
TI  - Prolonged amenorrhea and oral contraceptives.
AB  - Of 106 consecutive women referred for secondary amenorrhea of more than 1 year's
      duration, 65 were diagnosed as having functional amenorrhea. Of these 65, 29 had
      amenorrhea directly following discontinuation of oral contraceptives (OC group)
      and 36 had never used oral contraceptives (NOC group). There was no difference in
      the incidence of prior menstrual irregularity in either group. Similarly, there
      was no difference in the resting serum estrone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone,
      follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin levels between the OC and NOC groups.
      Nor was there a difference between the OC and NOC groups in response to
      medroxyprogesterone acetate, clomiphene citrate, or luteinizing hormone-releasing
      factor. Of 106 patients, 17 were proven to have prolactinomas. Eight patients had
      a prior history of OC use, whereas nine did not. With the exception of elevated
      serum prolactin levels, there were no significant differences in biochemical
      tests or history of oral contraceptive use between the prolactinoma group and
      patients with prolonged "functional" amenorrhea (OC plus NOC groups). The lack of
      historical or biochemical difference between the OC and NOC subjects indicates
      homogeneity between groups, and does not support the existence of a "postpill"
      syndrome.

PMID- 385359
TI  - Pregnancy induction after bromocriptine-cyclofenil treatment in some
      normoprolactinemic anovulatory women.

PMID- 385360
TI  - Extrahypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF): release of
      immunoreactive LRF in vitro.
AB  - The human placenta in vitro releases luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF)
      which is immunologically indistinguishable from hypothalamic LRF. The release of
      LRF by placental tissue increased during the 4 days of culture and exceeded the
      original tissue content more than 5-fold. These data suggest that the human
      placenta may synthesize an LRF molecule immunologically identical with
      hypothalamic LRF.

PMID- 385361
TI  - The human uterotubal junction: contractile patterns of different smooth muscle
      layers and the influence of prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2alpha, and
      prostaglandin I2 in vitro.

PMID- 385362
TI  - Effect of D-leucine-6-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ethylamide in
      patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia.
AB  - Four men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia were tested with acute
      intravenous injections of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) and D
      leucine-6-LH-RH-ethylamide (D-L eu-6-LH-RH-EA) with a 1-week interval. Each
      patient was then treated with this drug for 60 days and tested again after this
      period with an intravenous injection of D-L eu-6-LH-RH-EA. The administration of
      LH-RH resulted in a significant increase in the LH level in only one patient and
      in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone increases in none. The
      analog D-Leu-6-LH-RH-EA resulted in significant increases in LH levels in two
      patients, in FSH levels in three, and in testosterone levels in one. Results
      obtained after treatment were closely similar to those observed before treatment.
      Clinical improvement in terms of increased libido, erection, pubic hair growth,
      and testicular size was observed. D-Leu-6-LH-RH-EA could be useful in the
      treatment of patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a possibility deserving
      further studies.

PMID- 385363
TI  - [Most important neurophysiologic discoveries of I. M. Sechenov and their later
      development].

PMID- 385364
TI  - [Molding of I. M. Sechenov at themilitary medical academy of the first school of
      physiology in Russia].

PMID- 385365
TI  - [Contribution of I. M. Sechenov to electrophysiology].

PMID- 385366
TI  - [Ideas of I. M. Sechenov and the physiologic chemistry of fatigue].

PMID- 385367
TI  - [Contribution of I. M. Sechenov to the development of respiratory physiology and
      biophysics].
AB  - Analysis of I. M. Sechenov's scientific heritage, of the data cited in his
      "Autobiographic Notes", and of his contemporaries' memoirs showed that problems
      of physiology and biophysics of respiration closely followed the problems of
      central nervous system and psychology in the scientist's creative work. The
      principle of resumed vacuum is shown to have major significance for extraction of
      the blood gases and invention of absorptiometer underlying further modifications
      of the model. I. M. Sechenov's studies in binding of CO2 by different blood
      components and saline solutions, in interrelationship of oxygen binding by
      erythrocytes and output of carbonic acid, in solubility of carbonic acid in
      water, as well as other problems studied by the eminent Russian physiologist, are
      reviewed.

PMID- 385368
TI  - [100th anniversary of the birth of Academician L. S. Shtern].

PMID- 385370
TI  - [Filipp Nikolaevich Serkov. On his 70th birthday].

PMID- 385369
TI  - [Nikolai Vasil'evich Veselkin (on the 100th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 385371
TI  - [1980 significant dates and anniversaries in the history of physiology].

PMID- 385372
TI  - Technical aspects of the macrophage electrophoretic mobility test in
      transplantation immunity.
AB  - Transplantation immunity against a product of the D-region of mouse H-2 gene
      complex was examined by the macrophage electrophoretic mobility assay. The
      results obtained with the MEM assay depended upon selection of the guinea pig
      peritoneal exudate macrophages used for measurements. The macrophages 16--20
      micrometers in diameter and containing liquid paraffin droplets were best suited
      for electrophoretic mobility measurements. The cells, containing liquid paraffin
      droplets but smaller than 16 micrometers in diameter, were affected by lymphocyte
      antigen interaction product(s) much less. The increasing antigen concentration
      resulted in a sharp rise of macrophage percentage slowing from zero but reached a
      plateau value. The critical number of lymph node cells for a significant response
      was not less than 10(5) cells and there was a direct relationship between the
      number of lymphocytes and the magnitude of the response.

PMID- 385373
TI  - Decrease in the ability of bone marrow CFUs to produce macroscopic colonies of
      haematopoietic tissue in the spleens of partially irradiated young rats.
AB  - Experiments were carried out on Wistar rats aged from 3--5 weeks, in order to
      determine the repopulation capacity of bone marrow CFUs after total body and
      partial body irradiation. CFUs were derived either from the own marrow, or from
      bone marrow of isologous donors. In totally irradiated hosts, macroscopic spleen
      colonies were formed after transplantation of both autologous and isologous
      marrow cells, whereas no visible colonies were detectable in partially irradiated
      rats, in spite of an increased haematopoietic activity of the spleen and higher
      concentration of circulating CFUs. Intravenous application of trypsin resulted in
      an increase in the number of CFUs in peripheral blood in both intact and
      partially irradiated rats. CFUs derived from bone marrow of PBR rats form MSC
      only when transplanted into isologous TBR recipients, but not at
      autorepopulation. The possibility is discussed that a repressor is released from
      unirradiated bone marrow of young rats which inhibits the colony-forming capacity
      of migrating CFUs.

PMID- 385374
TI  - Heparin: an overview.

PMID- 385375
TI  - From Laennec to Littmann: the evolution of stethoscopy.

PMID- 385376
TI  - Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of
      Dentistry.

PMID- 385377
TI  - [The use of synthetic material in preparing old leg ulcers and fresh burn
      injuries for transplantation (author's transl)].

PMID- 385378
TI  - What's right--and wrong--with dental lab relationships?

PMID- 385379
TI  - [Levuroses appearing in cases of severe burns].
AB  - The preconditions for the development of systemic mycoses, mainly levuroses,
      caused by opportunistic organisms are particularly favorable in the severely
      burned patients: on the one hand as a consequence of suppression of immunity, on
      the other hand by the overgrowth of these fungi in the digestive tract as a side
      effect of the antibacterial chemotherapy which is necessary for the treatment of
      the original disease. Since such mycoses are usually very severe, mostly life
      endangering, their prophylaxis and early diagnosis are highly important. The
      aspects and measurements, most important in this connection, are discussed on the
      basis of our experience.

PMID- 385380
TI  - [Actinomycetales in cutaneous pathology].
AB  - After discussing the classification of the Actinomycetales, the authors give a
      detailed description of the epidemiology and particularly of the clinical
      features of cutaneous diseases induced by genera such as Actinomyces, Norcardia
      and Streptomyces. Histopathological and immunological studies, together with
      laboratory and differential diagnostics, are also examined. In the last section,
      present therapeutic treatments are briefly outlined.

PMID- 385381
TI  - [Opportunistic fungi as producers of gray colonies and mycetomata].
AB  - Madurella grisea Mackinnon, Ferrada and Montemayor, 1949, is not the unique
      species that produces gray colonies and black-grained mycetomata. Perhaps, it is
      not one species, because its grains and colonies may be confounded with those of
      several species that can be distinguished through their fertile structures. I
      take this opportunity to compare some characters of Pyrenochaeta romeroi, Phoma
      Phillosticta sp., Chaetosphaeronema larense, Pyrenochaeta mackinnonii, Plendomus
      avramii and of another aleurisopores Dematiacea with those assigned to Madurella
      grisea. The need is stressed for the search, the introduction and the divulgation
      of new methods fostering the formation of disseminating structures (pycnidospores
      in this case), in order to ensure the proper specification of the agent in every
      case of mycetoma.

PMID- 385382
TI  - [Fungal maxillary sinusitis].
AB  - Since 1969, 600 patients suffering from maxillary sinusitis have been
      systematically controlled clinically as well as mycologically. We discovered 81
      cases of maxillary sinusitis (13,4%). Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans 
      were the most frequently isolated fungi. Three clinical forms could be
      distinguished: (1) a muco-purulent form (35 cases); (2) a budding and/or caseous
      form (22 cases), and (3) a pseudotumoral form (24 cases). 42 patients treated
      with a 1% econazol (base) solution were healed.

PMID- 385384
TI  - [Recent progress in immunologic technics for the diagnosis of systemic mycoses].
AB  - The new immunological techniques used for the diagnosis of systemic mycoses are
      very specific. Purified antigens are now available and new methods allow the
      detection of various classes of specific antibodies. Precipitation tests, such as
      bidimensional electrophoresis and electroimmunodiffusion, are compared with
      passive agglutination tests; radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassays are
      analyzed. The value and utilization of cellular immunity and various other tests
      are discussed.

PMID- 385383
TI  - [Experimental aspergillosis in mice].
AB  - The experimentally induced aspergillosis of mice is discussed as a useful
      parameter for the screening of new antimycotics. There are important differences
      between this test model and aspergillus infections in humans. Mice must be
      infected intravenously with more than 10(6) spores of Aspergillus fumigatus to
      provoke multiple abscess formation in the kidneys which induces an acute, lethal
      course of infection. Intratracheal administration of 2 x 10(6) spores did not
      evoke any symptoms. The therapeutic efficacy of several antimycotics was
      examined; amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine and BAY h 4364--as the only imidazole
      derivative--proved to be effective.

PMID- 385385
TI  - [Enzyme cytochemical and immunocytological differentiation of infiltrative cells
      in the skin in mycosis fungoides].
AB  - In 4 patients with mycosis fungoides in the praemycotic, infiltrative and tumour
      stage of the disease, a differentiation and functional characterization of the
      infiltrate cells, obtained from cell suspensions and cutaneous smears, was
      carried out by means of enzyme cytochemical and immunological methods. The
      lymphocyte-associated acid esterase is considered to be a marker for mature T
      cell populations. Apart from monocytes and histiocytes, acid esterase-positive
      small lymphocytoid cells with T-cell properties are found in the praenycotic
      stage. In the tumour stage, large lymphocytoid cells become increasingly
      prevalent, they show no acid esterase activity, but an intracytoplasmatic
      localized reaction in the acid phosphatase activity. On the basis of the
      cytochemical pattern, it is assumed that these cells represent proliferating
      lymphoblasts.

PMID- 385386
TI  - Emergency splinting of fractured incisors in children.

PMID- 385387
TI  - Contingency planning in crown and bridgework design.

PMID- 385388
TI  - A technique for the production of temporary bridges.

PMID- 385389
TI  - Avoiding problems with oral surgery in general practice.

PMID- 385390
TI  - The restraint of removable restorations, part 1.

PMID- 385391
TI  - Do drugs alter the restorative value of sleep?

PMID- 385392
TI  - Mechanisms of action of antidepressant drugs.

PMID- 385394
TI  - Lithium and states of alertness.

PMID- 385393
TI  - [Biogenic amines and tricyclics].

PMID- 385395
TI  - L-tryptophan and sleep.

PMID- 385396
TI  - Present status of reversal of tubal sterilization. (A review).

PMID- 385397
TI  - Clinical trial of Debrisan in superficial ulceration.
AB  - A total of thirty cases of sacral ana leg uleration, burns, and infected sinuses
      were treated with Debrisan in glycerine (4/1 v/v), after removal of adherent
      necrotic tissue surgically. The preparation was effective in cleansing the wound,
      in most cases reducing the bacterial colonization, and lessening the local
      inflammation and oedema. Production of healthy granulation tissue resulted and
      the lesions healed faster than expected. One-third of the lesions failed to
      respond to treatment, and the reasons for this are discussed. With some patient
      selection, this preparation proved to be valuable in the treatment of superficial
      ulcers and surgical wounds, in those lesions with sufficient exudate to enable
      Debrisan to act.

PMID- 385399
TI  - A controlled comparative trial of mianserin and diazepam in the treatment of
      anxiety states in psychiatric out-patients.
AB  - Forty psychiatric out-patients with primary anxiety entered a double-blind trial
      comparing 2 weeks of treatment with mianserin 30--60 mg daily or diazepam 15--30
      mg daily, followed by 2 weeks of single-blind placebo administration. Both drugs
      were effective anti-anxiety agents, but mianserin was significantly superior in
      efficacy as measured by the Physician's Global Rating of Severity of Illness. No
      differences between treatments were apparent using the Hamilton Rating Scale for
      Anxiety. There was no significant differences in terms of side-effects and both
      drugs increased anticholinergic effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision and
      constipation over baseline values. With one exception in the mianserin group, all
      patients who entered placebo treatment became worse.

PMID- 385398
TI  - A comparative clinical trial of diflunisal and ibuprofen in the control of pain
      in osteoarthritis.
AB  - A randomized double-blind study in ambulatory patients with osteoarthritis of hip
      and/or knee was conducted, comparing the efficacy and safety of diflunisal 500 mg
      daily with ibuprofen 1200 mg daily, and a period of 8 weeks. Thirty-five patients
      participated in the study. The results revealed no significant differences
      between the treatment groups with regard to the efficacy parameters.

PMID- 385400
TI  - A placebo controlled, double-blind evaluation of levamisole in the reduction of
      the frequency, duration and severity of attacks in children suffering from
      recurrent upper respiratory tract infections.
AB  - In a double-blind placebo controlled study of levamisole in the treatment of
      children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infection (URI) eighty-six
      patients took part. Medication was given once a week, in a single body-weight
      adjusted dose. The children treated with levamisole had a statistically
      significantly reduced incidence of episodes of infection which were severe, less
      prolonged and required less antibiotics. No side-effects were reported.

PMID- 385401
TI  - The clinical effect of ketotifen in bronchial asthma.
AB  - A therapeutical trial using ketotifen, a prophylactic agent for the long-term
      treatment of bronchial asthma, was undertaken. Twenty-nine patients with a mean
      age of 33 years and suffering from bronchial asthma for six months to 20 years
      (mean 8.6 years) were treated for three months. Ketotifen demonstrated good
      results in alleviating the impact of the disease on the asthmatic patient. The
      lowering of the frequency of asthmatic attacks, their duration and the degree of
      dyspnoea was accompanied by a normalization of lung function parameters. An
      analysis of further respiratory investigations showed that the best results are
      to be obtained in the uncomplicated asthmatic. The need for the prophylactic
      treatment of asthma with an agent such as ketotifen is stressed, as only in this
      way can irreversible changes be prevented.

PMID- 385402
TI  - Injectable depot corticosteroid therapy in hay fever.
AB  - Forty-two patients with stable hay fever were treated with injections of long
      acting corticosteroids. They were randomly assigned to either 2 ml of
      betamethasone dipropionate + betamethasone phosphate (Diprospan) or 2 ml of
      methylprednisolone acetate (Depomedrol). Eye and nose symptoms were evaluated
      according to a four-step scale of weekly intervals. Both steroids were highly
      efficacious in reducing the symptoms with maximal effect one week after injection
      and slow diminution during subsequent weeks. However, Diprospan showed a
      significantly better effect than Depomedrol on all symptoms. It is concluded that
      depot injectable formulations of corticosteroids are a useful therapeutical
      alternative in hay fever.

PMID- 385403
TI  - Appearance of gastrin and somatostatin in the human fetal stomach, duodenum and
      pancreas.
AB  - The gestational time of appearance of gastrin and somatostatin in the human fetal
      stomach, duodenum and pancreas was examined. Immunoreactive gastrin (IRG) is
      detected in antral, duodenal and pancreatic extracts of a 7.0-cm (crown-heel
      length) fetus. More IRG is extracted from the duodenum than the antrum. Duodenal
      IRG concentration from fetuses of 16.0--26.0 cm are higher than younger fetal and
      adult concentrations. Antral IRG concentrations are one tenth of the adult
      contents. Very small IRG concentrations are present in the human fetal pancreas.
      Gastrin immunohistochemical staining is positive first in duodenal (6.5-cm fetus)
      and later in antral (12.5-cm fetus) mucosa; pancreatic tissue is negative for
      gastrin immunohistochemistry. Type IV cells are encountered in antral and
      duodenal mucosa of 4.0-cm fetuses; other endocrine cells appear with fetal
      growth. Not until much later in gestation (21.0 cm) do typical G cells appear.
      These results suggest that early in fetal life gastrin is produced by the type IV
      cell. Somatostatin immunohistochemical staining is positive in stomach, duodenum
      and pancreas in 6.5-cm fetuses. Immature D cells are found in antral and duodenal
      mucosa of 5.0-cm fetuses and mature D cells in 11.0-cm fetuses.

PMID- 385404
TI  - Effect of 2-deoxyglucose on [32P] phosphate and insulin release from perifused
      rat pancreatic islets.
AB  - The effect of 2-deoxyglucose on glucose mediated insulin and [32P]phosphate
      release was studied by perifusion of isolated rat pancreatic islets. When islets
      were perifused with media containing 2.8 mmol/l glucose and 20 mmol/l 2
      deoxyglucose for 60 minutes and then exposed to media containing 8.3 or 16.7
      mmol/l glucose and 20 mmol/l 2-deoxyglucose for the next 15 minutes, insulin
      release at either glucose concentration was prompt but blunted. Similarly, islets
      preincubated (90 min) with [32P] orthophosphate, then perifused with 20 mmol/l 2
      deoxyglucose for 75 min and stimulated by either 8.3 or 16.7 mmol/l glucose for
      the final 15 minutes or 2-deoxyglucose exposure demonstrated obtundation of
      [32P]phosphate release. Perifusion of islets with 20 mmol/l 2-deoxyglucose alone
      induced no heightened 32P efflux. These studies suggest that 2-deoxyglucose
      affects initial events in stimulus-secretion coupling of glucose mediated insulin
      release.

PMID- 385405
TI  - Interactions of alpha-ketoisocaproate, glucose and arginine in the secretion of
      glucagon and insulin from the perfused rat pancreas.
AB  - The effects of alpha-ketoisocaproate (KIC, 10 mmol/l) on glucagon and insulin
      release were studied in the in vitro perfused rat pancreas. The experiments were
      performed at low glucose concentration (3.3 mmol/l) in the absence or presence of
      arginine (10 mmol/l). In all the experiments KIC induced a marked and not rapidly
      reversible inhibition of glucagon release. This inhibition was more pronounced in
      the absence (76 percent) than presence of arginine (61 percent). These inhibitory
      patterns closely duplicated those which were seen in parallel experiments which
      included a rise in the concentration of glucose (from 3.3 to 11.1 mmol/l). KIC
      was also a potent stimulator of insulin release. The results are compatible with
      the view that the intracellular metabolism of KIC and glucose plays an essential
      role in the regulation of glucagon release by exogenous substrates.

PMID- 385406
TI  - Early functional and morphologic vascular renal consequences of the diabetic
      state.
AB  - Renal hyperfunction and hypertrophy are characteristic findings in the early
      diabetic state, both in diabetes mellitus and in experimental diabetes. A number
      of structure-function relationships and their likely mechanisms are discussed.
      The metabolically induced hypertrophy of glomerular capillaries possibly plays a
      central role. Its cause is not known, but recent results on its time-course
      emphasize the probable long-term consequences of the irreversibility of the
      accumulation of basement membrane material.

PMID- 385407
TI  - Immunogenicity of a killed E. coli 0111:K58 vaccine administered orally to
      children.
AB  - A killed E. coli 0111:K58 vaccine was administered by the oral route to 16
      children ranging from 3 months to 7 years of age. The antibody response was
      measured at different times after the vaccination through the titration of
      agglutinating antibodies in serum and in fecal extracts, and the detection of
      specific IgA immunoglobulins in the intestinal content. All vaccines developed
      antibody response detectable both inserum and in fecal samples. Coproantibodies
      tended to appear earlier and to attain higher titers than circulating antibodies;
      they were all least in part IgA immunoglobulins, since the content of specific
      IgA in the fecal extracts was proportional to the agglutinating titer.

PMID- 385408
TI  - [Effect of the carbon/nitrogen ratio on the antibiotic activity of prodigiosin].
AB  - The antibacterical activity of prodigiosin varies according to the C/N ratio in
      the cultural media for S. marcescens. In organic media, as nutrient agar, peptone
      or soytone, the optimal ratio lies between 4 and 5, and higher values are
      required for "mineral media" where the nitrogen source is essentially an ammonium
      salt. The separate C source would be probably used as "acetate source" for the
      synthesis of the terminal alkylpyrrole.

PMID- 385409
TI  - [In vitro antibacterial activity of fosfomycin].
AB  - We have studied the "in vitro" antibacterial activity of phosphonomycin against
      93 freshly isolated bacterial strains. Phosphonomycin posses a good activity
      mainly against Gram positive bacteria. A marked increase in the antibacterial
      activity "in vitro" is obtained when phosphonomycin is combined with other
      antibitoics having a similar mechanism of action (i.e. inhibition of cell-wall
      synthesis). We have also determined the frequency of phosphonomycin-resistant
      mutants in some of the strains tested for antibacterial activity. High frequency
      of resistant strains have found in Klebsiella spp.

PMID- 385410
TI  - [Electric treatment of ventricular tachycardia. Physiopathological
      presuppositions and clinical problems].

PMID- 385411
TI  - [Prazosin].

PMID- 385412
TI  - [The National Academy of Medicine. Its function through time. I. The Academy from
      its origin till the revolutionary period].

PMID- 385413
TI  - [The function of the National Academy of Medicine].

PMID- 385415
TI  - Centenary of the birth of Arthur Hurst, DM., FRCP (July 23, 1879--August 17,
      1944)

PMID- 385414
TI  - Intramural hematoma of the small intestine presenting with major upper
      gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Case report and review of the literature.
AB  - We report a case of an anticoagulated patient presenting with a massive upper
      gastrointestinal hemorrhage, abdominal pain, and a palpable abdominal mass,
      demonstrated to be an intramural hematoma of the jejunum. Approximately two
      thirds of intramural hematomas of the small intestine are preceded by abdominal
      trauma with the remainder associated with pancreatic disease, alcoholism, unknown
      causes, or clotting defects. Spontaneous occurrence of intramural hemorrhage is
      uncommon. Of the varied clinical presentations, gastrointestinal bleeding,
      previously thought unusual, is seen in 30% of cases, although major hemorrhage is
      rare. Conversely, reports of intramural hematoma of the small intestine as a case
      of major gastrointestinal bleeding has not been recognized. A review of the
      literature follows, and the authors stress that abdominal trauma should raise the
      possibility of an intramural hematoma of the small bowel.

PMID- 385416
TI  - American Gastroenterological Association. Our new President: Robert M. Donaldson,
      Jr.

PMID- 385418
TI  - Presentation of the Beaumont Prize to Bengt Borgstrom. Acceptance remarks.

PMID- 385417
TI  - Presentation of the Beaumont Prize to Bengt Borgstrom and Alan Hofmann.

PMID- 385419
TI  - Presentation of the Beaumont Prize to Alan Hofmann. Acceptance speech.

PMID- 385421
TI  - Special recognition award to Eugene D. Jacobson, Chairperson, National Commission
      on Digestive Diseases.

PMID- 385420
TI  - Presentation of the Julius M. Friedenwald Medal of the American
      Gastroenterological Association to Dr. Hugh Roland Butt: A laudation.

PMID- 385422
TI  - In memoriam. Daniel Victor Kimberg, 1933--1978.

PMID- 385423
TI  - The kallikrein-kinin system and its role in the hypotensive shock syndrome of
      animals infected with the haemorprotozoan parasites Babesia Plasmodium and
      Trypanosoma.

PMID- 385424
TI  - Immunohistochemical localization of somatostatin-containing cells in the
      intestinal tract: a comparative study.

PMID- 385425
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of motilin-containing cells in the intestines of
      several vertebrate species and a comparison of antisera against natural and
      synthetic motilin.

PMID- 385427
TI  - Immunocytochemical studies of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in brains of
      agnathan fishes. II. Patterns of immunoreactivity in larval and maturing Western
      brook lamprey (Lampetra richardsoni).

PMID- 385429
TI  - Wolfgang Bargmann 1906--78.

PMID- 385428
TI  - Somatostatin immunoreactivity demonstrated in the pancreas of very young chick
      embryos.

PMID- 385430
TI  - Directory. Genetics Society of America.

PMID- 385426
TI  - Met-enkephalin-immunoreactive and gastrin-immunoreactive cells in the human and
      canine pyloric antrum.

PMID- 385431
TI  - Changes in mammalian sperm morphology after X-ray and chemical exposures.
AB  - Sperm head morphology in mammals provides a unique approach to quantiating the
      effects of environmental agents on the germ cells. In unperturbed male mice, the
      sperm of each genotype can be reproducibly characterized by the shape of the
      head, the overall percent of sperm with head-shape abnormalities and the types of
      shape abnormalities seen. Genetic studies show that sperm shape is highly
      heritable, and that the fraction of abnormal sperm is controlled by a multitude
      of autosomal factors plus probably involvement of the sex chromosomes.--Exposure
      to ionizing radiation or certain chemical agents in vivo leads to dosage
      dependent increase in the fraction of sperm with head-shape abnormalities. These
      results are documented in numerous mammalian species, including man. Evidence
      from mouse studies suggests that in general sperm shape is affected by those
      agents considered to be mutagenic. Since sperm samples are easily obtained and
      sperm morphology is rapidly quantitated, these observations suggest that sperm
      morphology in the mouse may be an applicable screen for environmental effects on
      germ cells. Changes in sperm are also seen in the offspring of male mice exposed
      to irradiation or a chemical alkylating agent. Preliminary evidence suggests that
      these changes represent heritable sperm shape abnormalities that can be further
      transmitted to subsequent generations.--The problems of determining the genetic
      implications of induced sperm abnormalities in exposed males are discussed. It is
      suggested that sperm morphology testing may have a direct application in man.

PMID- 385432
TI  - Chromosomal inversions in studies of mammalian mutagenesis.

PMID- 385433
TI  - Induced skeletal mutations.

PMID- 385434
TI  - Isoelectric focusing and electrophoresis combined as a method for defining new
      point mutations in the mouse.
AB  - Isoelectric focusing followed by electrophoresis is a method that allows the
      survey of the expression of an enormous number of genes in one organism when this
      method is used for separation of complex protein solutions from the tissue of the
      organism (protein-mapping method). This makes it possible to use this method for
      developing a test system aiming at the detection of newly induced or spontaneous
      point mutations in mammals. A large number of loci could be tested on a
      relatively small number of individuals. The protein-mapping method was used for
      the separation of mouse tissue extracts containing soluble proteins or total cell
      proteins. Several modifications of the method are described. The applicability of
      this method for defining genetic differences of proteins was demonstrated by an
      investigation of different strains of mice. Thereafter, a mutagenicity test was
      initiated with the protein-mapping method. Mice were treated with methyl-nitroso
      urea as a potential mutagenic substance and the fetuses of the F1 generation were
      investigated. Preliminary results suggest that new point mutations were detected
      with this method.

PMID- 385435
TI  - Developmental considerations in the attempt to detect mutations in the mammalian
      genome.

PMID- 385436
TI  - The use of pre- and post-implantation mammalian embryos study the cytogenetic
      effects of mutagens on parental germ cells.

PMID- 385437
TI  - In vivo somatic mutation systems in the mouse.
AB  - In an effort to meet the need for a fast and cheap in vivo prescreen for
      inherited mammalian point mutations, a somatic forward-mutation method,
      originally developed in an X-ray experiment, has more recently been tested in
      work with chemical mutagens. The method makes use of coat-color mutations because
      (a) the gene product is usually locally expressed, (b) mosaics can be detected
      with minimal effort, and (c) opportunities for making comparison with induction
      of germinal point mutations are greatest.--Following treatment of embryos that
      are heterozygous at specific coat-color loci, various induced genetic changes can
      result in expression of the recessive (RS) in clones derived from "mutant"
      melanocyte precursor cells. However, other events, such as decrease in the number
      of precursor cells, or disturbed differentiation, can also result in spots, which
      with careful classification can usually be distinguished from RS's on the basis
      of their location and color. When this is done, the relative RS frequencies for a
      series of compounds at least roughly parallel the relative spermatogonial
      mutation rates. The fact that easily measurable (though low) RS rates are
      obtained with compounds that have yielded negative results in spermatogonial
      tests is not surprising in view of the fact that RS's can be caused by several
      mechanisms besides point mutation.--In spite of the parallelism observed in one
      laboratory, the usefulness of the in vivo somatic mutation method as a prescreen
      could come to be doubted because of major discrepancies between results of
      similar experiments at different laboratories. However, it appears probable that
      at least some of these discrepancies are due to failure to discriminate between
      spots that probably resulted from melanocyte insufficiency and spots that
      resulted from expression of the recessive.--Reverse somatic mutation systems can
      potentially avoid some of the pitfalls of forward mutation systems. Such system
      are still in developmental stages.

PMID- 385438
TI  - Quantitative characters of potential value in studying mutagenesis.
AB  - The use of polygenic characters in testing for mutagenicity appears promising.
      Characters chosen should be easily measured and highly heritable, with a
      reasonable proportion of the genetic variance being of the additive type, as this
      implies that polygenic mutations affecting the character would be detectable in
      the heterozygous state. Changes in such characters may arise as a result of
      pleiotropic effects of major gene mutations that affect early steps in metabolic
      pathways.--No single character is likely to be entirely satisfactory; rather a
      diverse group of biochemical, anatomical and physiological characters, including
      growth and behavior, should be studied. Mandible shape appears to be particularly
      promising. The characters may be analysed simultaneously using multivariate
      techniques. Special attention should be paid to the detection of outliers, which
      may then be investigated by more classical methods for the presence of mutants.
      Thus, easily measured, highly heritable polygenic characters may be useful in
      screening animals for the presence of mutations.

PMID- 385439
TI  - A behavioral measure for detecting mutations.

PMID- 385440
TI  - Some trends in the study of spontaneous and induced mutation in man.

PMID- 385441
TI  - Unscheduled DNA synthesis (DNA repair) in the germ cells of male mice--its role
      in the study of mammalian mutagenesis.
AB  - Unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) has been found to occur in vivo in specific
      meiotic and postmeiotic germ cell stages of male mice after mutagen treatment.
      Techniques and problems involved in measuring UDS are discussed, including the
      administration of tritium-labeled thymidine ([3H]dT) and mutagens, and the
      detection of UDS using liquid scintillation counting (LSC) and autoradiography.
      The sensitivity of detection of UDS in the male germ cells is compared to that of
      other genetic end points, and the possible role of UDS in the actual repair of
      genetic damage is considered. Possible areas for future research on the role of
      UDS in repair of genetic damage in the mouse are suggested.

PMID- 385442
TI  - An assay for histocompatibility gene mutations in mice.
AB  - A method used for detecting histocompatibility gene mutations by tailskin graft
      tests in mice is described. Advantages and disadvantages are found for this assay
      system. The results of published work point to some interesting features of the H
      gene mutational event, but also leave many questions yet to be answered.

PMID- 385443
TI  - X-ray mutagenesis: results with the H-test compared with others and the
      importance of selection and/or repair.

PMID- 385444
TI  - The synaptonemal complex as an indicator of chromosomal damage.

PMID- 385445
TI  - Sister-chromatid exchanges.

PMID- 385446
TI  - Cytological methods for the study of meiotic properties in mice.
AB  - Cytological methods now available produce excellent preparations of many of the
      meiotic stages in both male and female mice. Large samples of these stages can be
      obtained from males, limited samples from females. Some of these stages are
      useful for the identification of structural heterozygosity. As yet, the
      potentially valuable stage of pachytene can be used only for looking at specific
      chromosome bivalents and cannot be used for extensive genome analysis. The later
      stages of diakinesis and first metaphase have proved most rewarding for study and
      have enabled us to identify the meiotic configurations resulting from several
      different kinds of translocations and from paracentric inversions. It is
      possible, however, that many smaller rearrangements between and within
      chromosomes escape detection.

PMID- 385448
TI  - A cluster of three genes responsible for allantoin degradation in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae unable to utilize allantoin as sole
      nitrogen source were isolated and divided into three groups on the basis of their
      biochemical and genetic characteristics. The three loci associated with these
      mutant classes were designated dal1 (allantoinase minus), dal2 (allantoicase
      minus) and dal4 (allantoin transport minus). All three loci are located in a
      cluster that is proximal to the lys1 locus on the right arm of chromosome IX. The
      gene order and intergenic distances were estimated to be: dal1--2.5 cM--dal4-
      1.9cM--dal2--4.6cM-lys1.

PMID- 385447
TI  - Regulatory mutants at the his1 locus of yeast.
AB  - The his1 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae codes for phosphoribosyl transferase,
      an allosteric enzyme that catalyzes the initial step in histidine biosynthesis.
      Mutants that specifically alter the feedback regulatory function were isolated by
      selecting his1 prototrophic revertants that overproduce and excrete histidine.
      The prototrophs were obtained from diploids homoallelic for his1--7 and
      heterozygous for the flanking markers thr3 and arg6. Among six independently
      derived mutant isolates, three distinct levels of histidine excretion were
      detected. The mutants were shown to be second-site alterations mapping at the
      his1 locus by recovery of the original auxotrophic parental alleles. The double
      mutants, HIS1--7e, are dominant with respect to catalytic function but recessive
      in regulatory function. When removed from this his1--7 background, the mutant
      regulatory site (HIS1-e) still confers prototrophy but not histidine excretion.
      To yield the excretion phenotype, the primary and altered secondary sites are
      required in cis array. Differences in histidine excretion levels correlate with
      resistance to the histidine analogue, triazoalanine.

PMID- 385449
TI  - Ultraviolet-induced reversion of cyc1 alleles in radiation-sensitive strains of
      yeast. III. rev3 mutant strains.
AB  - The role of the REV3 gene function in UV-induced mutagensis in the yeast
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been examined by determining the reversion of 12
      well-defined cyc1 mutations in diploid strains homozygous for the rev3--1 or rev3
      -3 allele. The 12 cyc1 alleles include one ochre, one amber, four initiation, two
      proline missense, and four frameshift mutations. We find that the rev3 mutations
      reduce the frequency of UV-induced reversion of all of the cyc1 alleles, though
      different classes of alleles respond to a different extent. These results imply
      that the REV3 gene function is required for the production of a wide variety of
      mutational events, though probably not all, and show that each of the three REV
      loci have different mutational phenotypes. Such diverse phenotypes are not
      predicted by the unitary model for bacterial mutagenesis (CAILLET-FAUQUET, DEFAIS
      and RADMAN 1977; WITKIN 1976), suggesting that this is at best an incomplete
      description of eukaryotic mutagenesis.

PMID- 385451
TI  - [Bibliography of the foreign literature on genetics (April 1979)].

PMID- 385450
TI  - [Protective action of colicinogenic factor Ib-P9 on Escherichia coli cells
      defective in known repair functions after ultraviolet irradiation].
AB  - The presence of the plasmid colicinogenic factor Ib-P9 in Escherichia coli wild
      type cells is shown to increase bacterial survival after UV irradiation and the
      action of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. The ability of the plasmid to
      cause the UV protection is observed in uvrA, uvrB, uvrC, polA, recB, recF E. coli
      strains, but the plasmid does not restore the UV resistance of the mutant cells
      to the wild type level. The protective effect of the plasmid CoI Ib-P9 depends on
      the recA+lexA+ genotype of the cells. The inhibition of protein synthesis (amino
      acid starvation) before and after UV irradiation does not prevent the UV
      protection by ColIb-P9. The nature of the plasmid-associated repair functions is
      discussed.

PMID- 385454
TI  - Members of the Greater Milwaukee Dental Association.

PMID- 385453
TI  - The tongue and the mandibular complete denture.

PMID- 385452
TI  - [Modern problems of the pharmacotherapy of occupational poisonings].

PMID- 385456
TI  - Randomised trial of steroid therapy in acute liver failure. Report from the
      European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL).
AB  - A randomised, un-blinded clinical trial of hydrocortisate treatment in acute
      liver failure was carried out by 17 European centres. During a four year period
      40 patients entered the study, 26 in the steroid group and 14 in the control
      group. The groups were found to be comparable, and the survival was 12 and 14%,
      respectively. A number of clinical and laboratory data, particularly HBsAg
      positivity, appeared to carry some prognostic information, irrespective of
      treatment, but statistical significance was not achieved. Pooling of the present
      results with those from relevant published reports indicates a significant
      negative effect of steroid treatment in acute liver failure (P less than 0.2).

PMID- 385455
TI  - Duodenal endocrine cells in adult coeliac disease.
AB  - Using immunohistochemical techniques we studied duodenal biopsies from 18
      patients with coeliac disease and 24 patients with normal duodenal morphology. We
      had access to antisera against the following gastrointestinal peptides:
      cholecystokinin (CCK), gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), gastrin-17, glucagon
      enteroglucagon, motilin, neurotensin, pancreatic peptide (PP), secretin,
      somatostatin, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). The
      somatostatin, GIP, CCK, and glucagon cells were increased in number in coeliac
      disease. The number of motilin cells was slightly increased, while secretin cells
      were reduced. Cells storing gastrin-17, substance P, or neurotensin were rare in
      all patients regardless of diagnosis. No PP immunoreactive cells were found and
      VIP was localised to neurons only. In biopsies from patients having a mucosa with
      ridging of villi the number of the various endocrine cell types did not differ
      from that in the control group.

PMID- 385457
TI  - Double-blind randomised clinical trial of a pepsin-inhibitory pentapeptide
      (pepstatin) in the treatment of duodenal ulcer.
AB  - In a double-blind randomised clinical trial a specific inhibition of peptic
      activity with a pentapeptide, pepstatin, had no significant advantage over
      placebo in the ulcer healing and symptomatology of duodenal ulcer. Thus, the
      inhibition of pepsin in human gastric juice does not appear to have a major
      influence on the healing of duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 385458
TI  - Double-blind controlled trial of cimetidine in the healing of gastric ulcer.
AB  - Sixty patients with gastric ulcers were treated for four weeks with either 1 g
      cimetidine per day or with identical tablets containing lactose. The healing
      rate, assessed by endoscopy, was 23 out of 35 (66%) in the patients given
      cimetidine and 13 out of 25 (52%) in those given placebo. The difference between
      the groups is not significant. During each of the four weeks of the study the
      cimetidine group experienced significantly fewer attacks of pain and consumed
      less antacids than the placebo treated patients.

PMID- 385459
TI  - Some clinical and theoretical aspects on prostaglandins in obstetrics and
      gynecology.
AB  - The present article discusses two aspects on prostaglandins, both related to the
      control of uterine contractility. One concerns a clinical problem, induction of
      abortion, and argues in favor of systemic instead of intrauterine administration
      of prostaglandins and the choice of E instead of F analogues. The other relates
      to the stimulatory effect on the myometrium of some recently detected endogenous
      prostaglandins. The discussion regarding the endogenous control of myometrial
      contractility has so far exclusively been focused upon the classical
      prostaglandins. It is, however, felt that substances like PGH2, PGI2 and
      thromboxane A2 may play a significant role in the regulation of uterine activity.

PMID- 385461
TI  - Surgical correction of the hand in epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica.
AB  - Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica (polydysplastic type) is a rare congenital skin
      anomaly which, in the hands, because they are exposed to repeated trauma, results
      in a severe "mitten"-like deformity. Functional benefit was obtained in three
      patients by separation of the digits and application of split-thickness grafts.
      Wolfe grafts or "split-off" (epidermis) grafts. Arthrodesis of the
      interphalangeal joints and filleting of the little finger to provide a flap which
      could be turned in to the palm, resulted in an improvement in hand function.

PMID- 385460
TI  - Ian Melville Stewart M.B., Ch.B., F.R.C.S. 1923--1978.

PMID- 385462
TI  - Management of the viable soft tissue cover in degloving injuries.
AB  - A new method of management of pure degloving injuries has been presented. Return
      of the distally based flap to its bed without longitudinal tension, use of a
      temporary biological dressing to protect exposed structures, and early, delayed
      repair of the residual defect are suggested. The improved survival of the flap
      and earlier rehabilitation of the patient have been gratifying.

PMID- 385464
TI  - [Ambulation and discharge after acute myocardial infarction].

PMID- 385463
TI  - Eikenella corrodents infection of the hand.
AB  - The clinical presentation and course of two patients with Eikenella corrodens
      infection of the hand is recorded. This recently recognised organism must not be
      regarded as a harmless commensal and should be differentiated from the
      Bacteroides group because of its resistance to clindamycin. Radical surgical
      debridement is the most important aspect of therapy.

PMID- 385465
TI  - [The use of IUD as an etiological factor of acute pelvic inflammatory disease].

PMID- 385466
TI  - [Erythrocytosis following renal transplantation].

PMID- 385467
TI  - Social work under Medicare: the Canadian experience in Ontario.

PMID- 385468
TI  - New omomyid primates (Haplorhini, Tarsiiformes) from middle Eocene rocks of west
      central Hot Springs County, Wyoming.
AB  - Three new genera and four new species of omomyid primates constitute the first
      record of the Primates from upland middle Eocene rocks of Wyoming. One of these,
      Strigorhysis, gen. nov., possesses broadly basined molars with highly crenulated
      enamel which probably indicates a good deal of tough vegetable matter in its
      diet. Each of the new genera could have descended from known Wasatchian or early
      middle Eocene anaptomorphines: Aycrossia, gen. nov., is a plausible derivative of
      Tetonius or Chlororhysis; Strigorhysis, gen. nov., is most similar to Absarokius
      noctivagus; and Gazinius, gen. nov., most closely resembles Absarokius and
      Anaptomorphus. The anaptomorphines were probably equally as diverse as the better
      documented omomyines in the middle Eocene, but may have preferred upland
      environments at the margins of the Tertiary basins of the Rocky Mountain
      Interior.

PMID- 385469
TI  - [Treatment of viral hepatitis. Usual methods and new pathways. Conclusion].

PMID- 385470
TI  - [Primary small-intestinal neoplasms. Discussion of own experiences and of the
      literature].
AB  - There is a relatively long delay in diagnosis of malignant tumors of the small
      bowel and operation is often carried out too late. These tumors cause symptoms in
      about 90% of the cases (according to our own experiences in 20 of 21 cases). In
      the discussion of the symptoms there is a description given that might be a help
      for "earlier thinking of it". Anamnesis and exploratory laparotomy are of
      paramount importance for the diagnosis in time. Operation carried  out in time
      leeds to a relatively favourable prognosis. Out of 5 patients who did not have
      metastases at the time of operation there are 3 alive for longer than 8 years
      post operationem. From the German literature of the past 10 years (288 cases) the
      following data were subsumized in a table: radical resection, operation
      mortality, 5-year-survival, delay of diagnosis, ileus/perforation, diagnosis by
      barium studies of the small bowel.

PMID- 385471
TI  - [The perforated gastroduodenal ulcer. Clinical aspects and diagnosis as well as
      treatment and results].
AB  - Reviewing our cases from 1960-1978 an increasing rate of perforation in
      gastroduodenal ulcers is registered. The perforation-rate of all treated ulcers
      is 17%. The most important data of anamnesis and clinical findings are analyzed.
      The diagnosis was correct preoperatively in 93,5%. The diagnosis has to be
      established as soon as possible, as the prognosis depends on surgical therapy in
      due time. General state, duration of anamnesis and the severity of peritonitis
      are criteria for deciding on suture of the perforated ulcer or resection therapy.
      Both--suture and resection--show identical late results, if indication was
      correct. The lethality in patients with a perforated ulcer is high and depends on
      duration of perforation, age and general state of the patient as well as severity
      of peritonitis. In our collective lethality was 26%. The good early results after
      resection therapy are depending on the selected collective and on the fact, that
      resection therapy is performed under better circumstances than suture.

PMID- 385472
TI  - [Historical reminiscences: the schizophrenic psychosis of the Empress of Mexico
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Quite a number of reports have been published on psychotic developments in the
      mental make-up of kings and rulers, especially during the past century.
      Particularly remarkable is the great interest which has been evinced to date on
      the fate of King Ludwig II of Bavaria. On the other hand, the tragedy of the
      Belgian Princess Charlotte, who was Empress of Mexico for a few years by the side
      of her husband, Maximilian of Austria, is hardly known. I could not find anything
      about her in psychiatric literature, but there are numerous biographical hints in
      books on history dealing with the dramatic episode of the short-lived Mexican
      empire. I found some of the most essential information on the personality and
      psychosis of Empress Charlotte in the book written by Countess H. de Reinach
      Foussemagne. The following description is necessarily sketchy and should be
      considered as a preliminary report to a more comprehensive interpretation of
      Charlotte's personality.

PMID- 385473
TI  - The identification of 'casein' in human breast cancer.
AB  - A retrospective study of ninety-six cases of breast cancer was carried out to
      determine the prognostic values of a casein immunolocalization technique. This
      was performed using an indirect immunofluorescence method with antisera raised in
      rabbits to pooled human casein. Fluorescence positivity was graded according to
      its intensity and distribution. The pathology of each tumour was studied and the
      tumour type, histological grade and tissue response assessed. The relationship
      between these observations and the casein content of the tumour was studied. In
      addition the correlation between casein content and age, menopausal state,
      clinical staging and survival was investigated. The incidence of casein
      positivity in our series was 50% with approximately half of the positive cases
      showing strong fluorescence. There was a relationship between casein content and
      the age of the patients, with casein being more frequently found in tumours from
      younger patients. Tumours with a high casein content, in general, show a poorer
      survival than the group as a whole. This difference in survival was most marked
      in the first eight years after operation and restricted to those tumours in
      clinical stage I and histological grade I. The presence of casein in the tumours
      did not appear to be related to the other factors examined.

PMID- 385474
TI  - Immunohistochemical identification of renal lysozyme during allograft rejection
      in man.
AB  - An immunoperoxidase staining method was used to identify lysozyme in biopsy or
      transplantectomy specimens of human renal allografts during reversible and
      irreversible rejection of the grafts. Proximal tubules in apparently functioning
      nephrons showed lysozyme staining. In irreversibly rejected grafts, infiltrating
      mononuclear phagocytes in and near peritubular and glomerular capillaries also
      stained intensely for lysozyme. In acute necrotizing arteritis, lysozyme-positive
      cells (mononuclear phagocytes) infiltrated the blood vessel wall. The presence of
      infiltrating lysozyme-positive cells in the transplant was consistent with poor
      graft survival. The variation in lysozyme staining of proximal tubular cells
      apparently was a reflection of the differences in the reabsorption capacity of
      the tubular cells, attributable to the tubular dysfunction of renal allografts.
      The infiltrating lysozyme-positive cells probably contribute to the increased
      urinary excretion of lysozyme during acute rejection.

PMID- 385476
TI  - Corporate approach lends control over complex environment.
AB  - Strategic corporate planning offers hospitals a tool for dealing with an
      uncertain future, an increasingly complex environment, and an accelerated rate of
      change. Through corporate planning, the institution can capture opportunities,
      maximize its potential, and control its destiny.

PMID- 385475
TI  - M.A. turned M.D. heads HEW's quality bureau.
AB  - Helen Smits, M.D., one of the few women to head a federal health bureaucracy,
      looks for ways to improve the quality, while reducing the cost, of health care.

PMID- 385477
TI  - Planning ensures local and referral care for remote rural area.
AB  - Remote, rural populations need at least some inpatient services to be provided
      within their communities. Replacement of an obsolete small, rural hospital in
      Alaska shows how planning can ensure provision of hospital services locally and
      through referral.

PMID- 385479
TI  - 1978-79 membership directory.

PMID- 385478
TI  - Directory of on-going research in cancer epidemiology 1979.

PMID- 385480
TI  - Isabel Hampton Robb; architect of American nursing.

PMID- 385481
TI  - Template construction for accurate placement of intra-mucosal inserts.

PMID- 385482
TI  - Modern surgical and design considerations and clinical indications for
      subperiosteal implants.

PMID- 385483
TI  - Dr. Scholle new ADA editor.

PMID- 385484
TI  - Pharmacological intervention on ST segment elevation by surface mapping in acute
      myocardial infarction.

PMID- 385485
TI  - Noncorrelation of lipid composition with antibiotic resistance in two genuses of
      Enterobacteriaecae.

PMID- 385486
TI  - The effect of indicator layer thickness on the interpretation of hemolytic plaque
      results.

PMID- 385488
TI  - Indirect fluorescent antibody technique using sonicated Wuchereria bancrofti
      microfilaria for immunodiagnosis of Bancroftian filariasis.

PMID- 385487
TI  - Concanavalin a: modification of kidney graft immunogenicity in a double
      transplant model.
AB  - This study determines the effectiveness of flush graft pretreatment with
      concanavalin A (Con A) in minimally immunosuppressed recipients receiving double
      kidney transplantation. Significant prolongation of survival was seen when both
      kidneys from the same unrelated donor were treated with Con A, when both kidneys
      from different unrelated donors were treated with Con A, or when the allogeneic
      kidney was treated with Con A, and the syngeneic kidney was untreated. There was
      no significant prolongation in kidney allograft survival when one of the two
      allogeneic kidneys was treated with Con A, whether they came from the same, or
      different donors. If only the syngeneic kidney was treated with Con A and no
      treatment was given to the allogeneic kidney, also no prolongation of survival
      was observed. Thus, this study fully agrees with previous data indicating that
      Con A is not acting by systemic immunosuppression, but by local changes that
      modify the kidney immunogenicity. The theoretical implications associated with
      the prolongation of graft survival after flush pretreatment with Con A are
      activation of suppressor T cells, enhancement, physico-chemical modifications of
      the cell membrane and/or others.

PMID- 385489
TI  - Effect of some antimitotic agents on the pituitary response to gonadoliberin in
      castrated male rats.

PMID- 385490
TI  - Observations on the Berthelot colour reaction as a rapid procedure for detection
      of urea hydrolysis by yeasts.

PMID- 385491
TI  - Haemolysis and K antigen production and immunological response of Esch. coli
      causing urinary tract infections.

PMID- 385492
TI  - Bacteriological study of urinary tract infections: incidence of Escherichia coli
      serotypes.

PMID- 385493
TI  - Transmissible drug resistance among Klebsiella species in urinary tract
      infection.

PMID- 385494
TI  - The formation of germ tubes by Candida albicans in glucose and aminoacids.

PMID- 385495
TI  - Hepatitis B "e" antigen: a review.

PMID- 385496
TI  - Effect of estrogen and testosterone on the gastric secretion of rats and
      conscious rabbits.
AB  - Shay rats and conscious rabbits were used to study the effect of sex hormones on
      gastric secretion. Daily injections of estradiol-di propionate and testosterone
      propionate were given separately to each set of animals, while the control
      animals received solvent alone for the same duration of time. Estrogen inhibited
      gastric acid output but augmented the mucus secretion as evidenced by increased
      hexosamine and fucose contents; and testosterone had the reverse effects. The
      effect of estrogen was more potent that of testosterone. An inverse relationship
      between gastric acid and mucus secretion has been noted. Peptic activity varied
      independently of the acid output. These hormones seemed to vary the acid output
      by modifying the composition of mucus secretion.

PMID- 385497
TI  - Foreign body movement in the alimentary tract of a dog.

PMID- 385499
TI  - Relationship of hemagglutination to other biological properties of serologically
      classified isolates of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The ability of 170 serologically classified strains of Escherichia coli to
      agglutinate human erythrocytes was examined. Erythrocytes of blood group A were
      more sensitive indicators of this property than were those of groups B or O. The
      predominant receptor was shown to be mannose containing; however, an additional
      receptor was found in two of nine strains studied. Natural mannose-like
      inhibitors were not found in unconcentrated urine obtained from 12 humans.
      Isolates from the urine or blood of patients with infections agglutinated
      erythrocytes significantly more frequently than did isolates from feces. Urine
      isolates of 10 common serogroups and isolates of less common serogroups did not
      differ in their ability to agglutinate erythrocytes. Among isolates from the
      urine of patients with infections, the ability to agglutinate erythrocytes did
      not correlate with either the serogroup of the strain or the clinical syndrome of
      the patient. Of the several other biological properties that were examined, only
      the production of colicins showed a significant association with the ability to
      agglutinate human erythrocytes.

PMID- 385498
TI  - Modulation of the susceptibility of inbred and outbred rats to arthritis induced
      by cell walls of group A streptococci.
AB  - Inbred Buffalo rats were resistant to the induction of experimental arthritis
      induced by systemic injection of cell wall fragments in a crude whole-cell sonic
      extract of group A streptococci. This was in contrast to the susceptibility of
      outbred Sprague-Dawley and certain other inbred strains. Preliminary breeding
      studies indicated that genetic control of resistance of susceptibility is
      multigenic. When Buffalo rats were infected with a saline suspension of isolated
      cell wall fragments, chronic remittent arthritis developed. Suspension of
      isolated cell wall fragments, chronic remittent arthritis developed. Suspension
      of the isolated cell walls in the supernatant fraction of group A streptococci
      solubilized by sonication eliminated the arthropathogenicity in Buffalo rats.
      Thus, a component separable from the cell wall fraction can modulate the
      arthropathogenicity of cell walls in rats, but the effect depends upon the
      genetic background of the rat. The antibody response of Buffalo rats to the
      polysaccharide antigen of cell walls was also affected by the supernatant
      fraction of sonicated group A streptococci.

PMID- 385501
TI  - Bactericidal activity of fractionated granule contents from human
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes: antagonism of granule cationic proteins by
      lipopolysaccharide.
AB  - Granule extracts from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were prepared with
      0.2 M (pH 4.0) acetate. A fraction (valley AB) with distinctive bactericidal
      activity against cell wall mutants of Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 was obtained
      after fractionation of the granule extracts by Sephadex G-100 column
      chromatography. The smooth parent LT-2 strain was less sensitive to the
      bactericidal action. Susceptibility of the rough mutants to bactericidal action
      increased as sugar residues decreased in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Re greater
      than Rd2 greater than Rd1 greater than Rc greater than Ra). Cationic protein(s)
      responsible for bactericidal activity could be selectively removed from the
      fraction by absorption with whole LT-2 cells or purified LPS. Loss of cationic
      protein species was confirmed by cationic polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
      Purified LPS from LT-2 or the deep rough mutant TA2168 inhibited the
      antimicrobial activity of the killing fraction in in vitro assays. A minor
      protein species (vAB1) from the valley AB fraction had an apparent molecular
      weight of 36,000 to 37,000 and represented a major bactericidal activity of the
      fraction. Small amounts of the isolated vAB1 protein were bactericidal for the
      smooth parent LT-2 strain.

PMID- 385500
TI  - Experimental gram-negative bacterial sepsis: prevention of mortality not
      preventable by antibiotics alone.
AB  - Outbred Swiss mice were inoculated intraperitoneally or intravenously with one 90
      to 100% lethal dose of Escherichia coli O:18, Proteus mirabilis, or Klebsiella
      pneumoniae. After carefully timed intervals, aminoglycoside antibiotics were
      begun at dosages nnd intervals predetermined to constitute optimal therapy. With
      progressive increases in delay of antibiotic therapy, mortality rates increased
      progressively from 0% to 90 to 100%. Standardized models of infection were
      developed by selecting delay periods before initiating antibiotic therapy such
      that 50 to 70% mortalities resulted. Utilizing these models, agents with reputed
      anti-endotoxin activity were administered concomitantly with the delayed
      antibiotic therapy to determine if any could prevent gram-negative septic
      mortality no longer preventable by the antibiotics alone. The following were
      observed: (i) adrenal corticosteroids prevented mortality that was no longer
      preventable by optimal aminoglycoside antibiotics alone. The following were
      preventable by optimal aminoglycoside antibiotic therapy alone; (ii) specific
      antisera also did so, provided anaphylaxis was circumvented; (iii) in one model
      (P. mirabilis), such protection by adrenal corticosteroids and specific antiserum
      could be additive; (iv) adrenal corticosteroids and specific antiserum acted
      synergistically with the aminoglycoside antibiotics--no protection was achieved
      by delayed administration of the steroids or antiserum alone; (v) timing was
      crucial--the synergistic protective activity of adrenal corticosteroids and of
      specific antiserum with aminoglycosides declined rapidly as infection progressed;
      (vi) cyclophosphamide pretreatment markedly impaired the synergistic protective
      activity of specific antiserum and of adrenal corticosteroids with
      aminoglycosides; (vii) no reputed anti-endotoxin agents other than adrenal
      corticosteroids and specific antiserum proved capable of preventing mortality not
      preventable by aminoglycoside antibiotics alone. These included antisera to rough
      mutant Enterobacteriaceae of Rc, Rd, and Re chemotypes, anticoagulants (heparin),
      ascorbic acid, antiproteolytic agents (aprotinin), alpha adrenergic blockers
      (phenoxybenzamine), prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors (acetylsalicylic acid,
      sodium salicylate, indomethacin), nicotinamide, glucose, and insulin-glucose
      potassium mixtures.

PMID- 385502
TI  - Role of Escherichia coli K capsular antigens during complement activation, C3
      fixation, and opsonization.
AB  - Escherichia coli strains with K capsular polysaccharides are relatively resistant
      to phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, in contrast to E. coli strains
      without K antigens. This inhibition of phagocytosis is related to an impaired
      recognition of the K+ strains by the phagocytes due to ineffective opsonization.
      All five strains without K antigens were readily phagocytized after opsonization
      in 5% normal serum, compared with no uptake of the K+ strains. Evidence is
      presented that the decreased opsonization of the K+ strains in normal serum is
      caused by a low rate of complement activation of the strains, with subsequent
      absence of C3b fixation or C3d fixation or both to the cell wall of the bacteria.
      After removal of the K+ antigens by heating of a K+ E. coli strain, the strain
      was able to activate complement, to bind C3b or C3d or both, and to become
      opsonized. Complement was then activated via the classical and alternative
      pathways, which was comparable to the complement consumption by K- E. coli.

PMID- 385503
TI  - Microbial ecological basis of infant botulism as studied with germfree mice.
AB  - The possible role of the indigenous intestinal microflora in the toxicoinfection
      of human infant botulism was studied with adult germfree mice. Intraintestinal
      botulinum monoassociation was consistently produced when mice were fed 10 C.
      botulinum type A  spores. Control germfree mice became enterically infected when
      placed in the same isolator with, but separated from, animals that had been fed
      spores. When transferred into a room holding a colony of normal mice, the highly
      susceptible gnotobiotes became resistant to challenge of 10(5) spores after about
      3 days of the conventionalizing exposure. The findings are interpreted as
      evidence that enteric botulinum infection occurs in human infants whose
      intestinal tract has not yet been colonized by bacteria which are indigenous to
      adults and prevent growth of C. botulinum. Intestinal monoassociation could not
      be developed in germfree infant mice younger than 7 days.

PMID- 385504
TI  - Systemic and gastrointestinal candidiasis of infant mice after intragastric
      challenge.
AB  - Systemic and gastrointestinal infection can be established in infant mice after
      intragastric challenge with Candida albicans. Differences in virulence of the six
      strains tested were noted. As early as 3 h after infection, some but not all
      livers, spleens, and kidneys contained C. albicans, but the peak number of colony
      forming units in these organs was seen at 6 h. The early colonization of the
      organs could not be attributed to aspiration of the inoculum since about 90% of
      lungs and livers tested yielded no colony-forming units at 10 to 15 min
      postinfection. In animals with systemic infections, lungs, livers, kidneys, and
      spleens showed similar numbers of colony-forming units within the organs during
      the first 6 h postinfection- and then the number declined progressively up to 72
      h. The gastrointestinal tract was colonized throughout a 20-day period of study.
      Counts made at intervals beyond day 1 yielded between 10(5) and 10(6) colony
      forming units in the stomach, ileum, and cecum. Preparatory techniques for
      scanning electron microscopy preserved the yeast, intestinal mucus layer, and
      epithelial surface and made it possible to visualize the association between the
      pathogen and host tissues within the digestive tract.

PMID- 385505
TI  - Serum immunoglobulin levels in mice. Determination of the low IgA level in AKR
      mice by an irradiation-resistant factor.
AB  - A comparison was made between the serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels in H-2
      compatible AKR and C3H mice. The IgG1 and especially the IgA level in preleukemic
      AKR mice was much lower than in age-matched C3H mice, while the IgM concentration
      was hardly different for AKR and C3H. Lethally irradiated AKR and C3H mice
      reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow (BM) cells showed a return to serum Ig
      levels which are normal for these strains. In AKR mice reconstituted with C3H BM
      cells low IgA levels were observed. On the other hand, in C3H mice reconstituted
      with AKR BM cells high quantities of IgA appeared, showing the AKR allotype. It
      is concluded that the low serum IgA concentration in AKR mice is not a reflection
      of a genetically determined inability of the B cell line to produce IgA, but
      rather a manifestation of a genetically determined capability to prevent IgA
      synthesis.

PMID- 385507
TI  - Effects of on-line symptom-processing on history-taking and diagnosis--a
      simulation study.
AB  - Techniques for computer-assisted diagnosis have been largely confined to off-line
      use, and there has been little examination of their potential role directly in
      the clinical setting. It is argued that the potential benefits of on-line
      diagnostic aids are considerable. A major barrier to such developments is
      uncertainty that the practical use of an on-line system would lead to the
      improvements in diagnostic effectiveness that more conventional off-line systems
      have already demonstrated. A series of studies in which clinicians took the
      histories of computer-simulated 'patients' presenting with dyspepsia, and formed
      diagnoses on the basis of these histories with and without computer assistance,
      suggested that diagnostic effectiveness may be greatly improved with on-line
      computer assistance. Some reasons for this improvement are discussed and it is
      concluded that the clinician and the on-line computer bring different but
      complementary types of knowledge to the diagnostic task. Though many practical
      questions remain to be answered the findings establish the principle of on-line
      symptom processing.

PMID- 385506
TI  - Persistent clonotypes associated with group A streptococcal polysaccharide
      antibody response in man.
AB  - Elevated anti-streptococcal group A polysaccharide antibodies are present in the
      sera of acute rheumatic fever patients. Analytical isoelectric focusing of sera
      taken in the acute phase of the disease and sequentially for up to 2 years later
      reveals a stable clonotype pattern of anti-group A polysaccharide antibodies. In
      addition, with reinfection and recurrence of the rheumatic fever, the same
      clonotype pattern of antibodies is present. This finding indicates that naturally
      acquired immunity is associated with persistence of clonotype expression.

PMID- 385508
TI  - Algebraic framework of an optimization problem in diagnosis.
AB  - A formal analysis of an optimization problem in medical diagnosis is presented.
      The mathematical model of the diagnostic process corresponds in this work to an
      abstract machine definition which is based on the following sets and functions:
      Set of possible pathological states (diseases) of a patient, set of diagnostic
      tests (examination methods), set of all possible results of the tests (symptoms
      and signs), function which chooses successive tests, function performing a test
      (i.e., assigning to a given test its result), function assigning to each symptom
      a certain subset of the set of diseases. For a given abstract machine a class of
      pairs of graphs is formed; their analysis leads to the identification of a class
      of pairs of subgraphs which corresponds to an optimized diagnostic procedure. The
      optimization consists of a comparison of the distances between the initial and
      terminal vertices of the graphs and of a choice of a shortest route to a final
      diagnosis. For the considered class of pairs of subgraphs a mathematical model of
      the optimized diagnostic process is reconstructed.

PMID- 385509
TI  - Computer-aided medical diagnosis: literature review.
AB  - The difficulty of the medical diagnostic task and the advantages of the computer
      as an aid in this task are discussed. The general strategy and structure of any
      computer-aided system is presented, and the relationship of diagnostic accuracy
      to key variables involved in the development, test and use of a computer-aided
      diagnostic system is examined. These variables include: the computer algorithm,
      the source of the information used to develop the data base, the number and type
      of diseases under investigation, the number and type of indicants used, the
      source of the test sample, and the source of the validated diagnosis. A table of
      58 empirically tested computer-aided medical diagnostic systems is presented;
      each system is summarised in relation to the variables mentioned above and
      diagnostic accuracy.

PMID- 385510
TI  - Analysis of clinical laboratory data by biplot methods using a three-dimensional
      display: discrimination of renal stone-patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria
      and primary hyperparathyroidism.
AB  - The biplot technique is a very useful graphical method to display the
      relationships between row and column characteristics in two-way tables. This
      method is applicable as long as the rank-2 approximation explains a large part
      (e.g. 95%) of the whole variability. However, since in large tables only a rank-3
      approximation will yield such a high degree of explanation, a three-dimensional
      biplot technique has been introduced, using a 3d-screen as a matter of
      presentation of clinical laboratory data. The value of such a procedure is
      illustrated using as a clinical example a patient population with recurrent renal
      stone formation due either to primary hyperparathyroidism or to idiopathic
      hypercalciuria.

PMID- 385511
TI  - Cell surface sialylation of glycoproteins and glycosphingolipids in cultured
      metastatic variant RNA-virus transformed non-producer BALB/c 3T3 cell lines.
AB  - The sialic acid composition and the display of cell surface sialyl components of
      several metastatic variant RNA-virus-transformed non-producer BALB/c 3T3 have
      been studied in culture. The following observations have been made concerning the
      sialyl components in these lines: (1) the compositions of whole-cell total,
      protein-bound and lipid-bound sialic acid were not appreciably different; (2) the
      surface sialic acid studied using the neuraminidase-galactose oxidase method and
      metabolic labelling followed by neuraminidase hydrolysis showed a positive
      correlation with the metastatic properties of these lines; (3) the degree of
      surface sialylation determined by galactose oxidase--sodium borotritide labelling
      of neuraminidase-treated and untreated cells revealed that 44--89% of exposed
      galactose and/or N-acetyl galactosamine residues of total cell-surface
      saccharides were sialylated in highly and intermediately metastatic lines as
      compared with 11-30% in the poorly and non-metastatic lines; (4) the cell surface
      glycoproteins and glycosphingolipids contributed equally well in their degree of
      sialylation and there was a positive correlation with the metastatic properties
      of the cells in vivo; (5) the cell surface proteins labelled by the
      lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination technique, followed by gel electrophoresis,
      showed some minor differences between metastatic variant lines. However,
      glycoproteins detected by the galactose oxidase labelling of neuraminidase
      treated and untreated cells showed major differences in composition between the
      metastatic variant lines. The study of four highly metastatic lines has shown
      that the cells of these lines were enriched in several sialyl-glycoproteins,
      whereas three non tumorigenic lines and two poorly metastatic or non-metastatic
      lines contained unsialylated glycoproteins. The results indicate an enhancement
      of the degree of sialylation of surface glycoconjugates accompanying the
      metastatic process in RNA-virus-transformed mouse lines.

PMID- 385512
TI  - Rapid release of fibronectin from human lung fibroblasts by biologically active
      phorbol esters.
AB  - A sensitive radioimmunoassay technique has been used to study the effects of
      several phorbol esters on their ability to release fibronectin from cultured
      human lung fibroblasts into medium. The biologically active phorbol esters
      studied rapidly released fibronectin from cells into medium, with concomitant
      changes in the cellular morphology within 2 h. The quantity of fibronectin
      released was dose-, time- and promoter-dependent. The earliest release of
      fibronectin was seen within 30 min of onset of the incubation. Alterations in
      membrane topology elicited by phorbol esters appear to be responsible for the
      rapid release of fibronectin molecules from cells into the medium.

PMID- 385513
TI  - The value of a sensitive assay of carcino-placental alkaline phosphatase (CPAP)
      in the follow-up of gynecological cancers.
AB  - Using a sensitive enzyme immunoassay, carcinoplacental alkaline phosphatase
      (CPAP) was determined in sera of 1266 patients with gyneocological cancers. All
      these patients were referred after initial surgical treatment elsewhere. There
      were 95 patients with evidence of disease at the time of the study and 1171
      without evidence of disease. Of the 95 patients with active disease, 47 were
      treated for ovarian carcinoma, 36 for carcinoma of the cervix and 12 for
      endometrial carcinoma. Raised levels of CPAP were seen in 40% of patients with
      ovarian carcinoma, in 22% with carcinoma of the cervix and in 41% in the small
      group with endometrial carcinoma. In patients without evidence of disease, raised
      levels of CPAP were seen in 12% of patients with carcinoma of the cervix, in 6%
      of endometrial carcinoma and only in 2% of patients with carcinoma of the ovary.
      Therefore it was considered that in the latter group CPAP studies would prove of
      some value. In the group of patients with carcinoma of the ovary and evidence of
      disease, raised levels of CPAP were seen almost exclusively in patients with
      epithelial tumors. It is considered that CPAP may be of value as a tumor marker
      in this group of patients. When compared with CEA, CPAP tends to give fewer false
      positives and correlates better with the presence of disease.

PMID- 385514
TI  - C. parvum treatment of transplanted rat tumours of spontaneous origin.
AB  - C. parvum (Wellcome CN6134) has been examined for suppression of a range of
      transplanted rat tumours of spontaneous origin. With five tumours (three mammary
      carcinomas and two fibrosarcomas) growth of comparatively high cell inocula (with
      respect to the minimum for growth in control rats) was suppressed by admixture
      with the vaccine. Equivalent dry weights of Glaxo, Pasteur or Connaught BCGs were
      relatively ineffective. Intralesional injection of C. parvum into three three
      established tumours (two mammary carcinomas and one fibrosarcoma) retarded
      development of only one, the mmamary carcinoma Sp4. With three mammary carcinomas
      and one fibrosarcoma, active specific immune stimulation with vaccines of viable
      or irradiated cells admixed with C. parvum was again consistently effective only
      with carcinoma Sp4, and this tumour was also susceptible to intradermal but not
      intravenous treatment with C. parvum alone.

PMID- 385515
TI  - The transfer of care: U.S. mental health policy since World War II.
AB  - Recent criticism of mental health policy has raised many questions about the so
      called "mental health revolution." Following World War II, the federal government
      and the growing mental health lobby planned the first nationally oriented system
      of psychiatric treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention. The rapidly expanding
      National Institute of Mental Health coordinated that policy, particularly through
      its Community Mental Health Centers program. Custodial state hospitals were
      depopulated and their patients "dumped" in nursing and boarding homes, which now
      constitute the largest arena for and most expensive form of psychaitric care.
      While there has been some progress in decreasing the hospital population and in
      improving conditions, as well as in providing services to certain people who
      otherwise would never receive them, failures have been more dominant. Admission
      and readmission rates have climbed precipitously. Unplanned hospital discharge
      has led to hundreds of thousands of ex-patients living in dangerous,
      nontherapeutic nursing homes were the main concern is profit. They, and many
      others, are maintained on psychiatric drugs, another source of profit as well as
      a dangerous technology. Community mental health programs have maintained
      psychiatry's traditional class, race, and sex biases, and have incurred
      widespread intrusion into communities. This article shows that such problems are
      part of an interconnected system in which the driving forces are fiscal crisis,
      ideological justifications for dumping patients, attempts to pass responsibility
      from state governments to federal and local bodies, restrictions on government
      and insurance reimbursements, the free enterprise economics of the nursing home
      and drug industries, and the professionalist practices of the mental health
      field.

PMID- 385516
TI  - Jerome Frank and American psychoanalytic jurisprudence.

PMID- 385517
TI  - Partial inhibition of the growth of Mycobacterium lepraemurium in C3H mice
      immunized with cell wall skeletons.
AB  - C3H mice stimulated with M. lepraemurium cell wall skeletons (LM-CWS) were
      challenged with viable M. lepraemurium, and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH)
      to picryl chloride was measured. In one type of experiment the mice were
      challenged at the time when stimulation of cell-mediated resistance by means of
      LM-CWS was undertaken. The major purpose was to investigate principles pertaining
      to immunotherapy. In contrast to the loss of a detectable DTH response to picryl
      chloride, development of murine leprosy was partially suppressed. In the second
      type of experiment the mice were stimulated with oil-attached LM-CWS seven weeks
      before challenge with M. lepraemurium. Findings were: a) that nonspecific DTH as
      measured by sensitization and challenge with picryl chloride was activated before
      the infection with M. lepraemurium and b) that the DTH which developed was
      associated with partial protection against the growth of lepromata. The murine
      leprosy which developed in C3H mice stimulated with LM-CWS was progressive after
      some delay.

PMID- 385519
TI  - The synthetic fiber implant scam.

PMID- 385521
TI  - Synthesis of model compounds relevant to the active-site-directed inactivation of
      L-asparaginase by 5-diazo-4-oxo-L-norvaline.
AB  - Earlier work has shown that 5-diazo-4-oxo-L-norvaline (DONV) irreversibly
      inactivates the L-asparaginase from E. coli by formation of a covalent bond in
      the region of the active site. Model compounds have been prepared to study this
      acid-labile covalent bond tentatively assigned to a serine or possibly a
      threonine residue in a decapeptide isolated from 14C-DONV-inactivated enzyme.
      Appropriately blocked DONV was found to alkylate methanol, and the hydroxyl
      function of blocked serine or threonine in the presence of boron trifluoride. The
      labile beta-ketoethers thus formed were reduced to the more stable beta
      hydroxyethers. Facile lactonization of these 5-substituted-4-hydroxy-L-norvalines
      was observed. The diastereoisomers of both the lactonized and open forms of 5
      methoxy-4-hydroxy-L-norvaline and related 4-hydroxy-L-2-amino acids of similar
      length were distinguishable on the amino acid analyzer. The beta-hydroxyethers
      derived from serine and threonine were hydrolyzed with acid and yielded the
      expected cleavage products. When the beta-ketoether was reduced by sodium
      borohydride prior to deblocking, in addition to the beta-hydroxyether, N-blocked
      amino alcohols were also formed, yielding a complex mixture of products.

PMID- 385522
TI  - The function regulator of Frankel.

PMID- 385523
TI  - I.J.O. Personalities: Dr. Philip H. Levy.

PMID- 385518
TI  - Evaluation of antihemorrhagic activity of V. F.
AB  - In the prophylaxis of surgical interventions performed in the Dental Clinic for
      dental avulsions under general anesthesia, the V. F. (peptides deriving from the
      enzymatic degradation of bovine Factor VIII) has been shown to be particularly
      active in the reduction of the quantity of blood lost per tooth, corresponding to
      a reduction in blood loss of an average of 40% to 45%. The "double blind"
      experiment confirmed a significant hemostatic capacity of the preparation. V. F.
      in extremely small doses (1 mg/day) divided into two daily, oral administrations,
      isn't toxic, isn't habit forming and doesn't provoke immunological reactions. On
      the basis of its positive characteristics (diminution of blood lost without
      alteration of the parameters of coagulation or platelet aggregation), V. F. seems
      to be the preparation of choice for the treatment of hemorrhagic diathesis not
      accompanied by coagulation defect, and also as a preventive measure in minor
      surgical interventions where small vessels are involved and hemostasis cannot be
      achieved surgically.

PMID- 385524
TI  - Ludwig Moss, D.D.S. 1899-1979.

PMID- 385520
TI  - Dextranomer in dermatologic conditions.
AB  - Dextranomer, a high molecular weight dextran derivative, was evaluated in 43
      patients, and found to be the treatment of choice for decubitus ulcers. It is
      useful in most leg ulcers and cutaneous wounds, and can aid in the nursing care
      of terminal patients with gangrene or uclerating carcinoma. Dextranomer hastens
      the postoperative course in dermabrasion patients. Although patients with
      bacterial infection show no change with dextranomer, it is useful in hastening
      the resolution of herpes simplex and herpes zoster lesions.

PMID- 385525
TI  - A modern approach to orthodontic therapy: the advantages of removable functional
      appliances.

PMID- 385526
TI  - Coupled evolution: adaptive interactions among the genomes of plasmids, viruses,
      and cells.

PMID- 385527
TI  - The structure, origin, and function(s) of RNA in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells.

PMID- 385528
TI  - Photoreactivation in mammalian cells.

PMID- 385530
TI  - Nuclear transplantation. Overview.

PMID- 385529
TI  - Genetic control of chlorophyll biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

PMID- 385531
TI  - Prologue: nuclear transplantation in amphibia.

PMID- 385532
TI  - Genetics of cell type determination.

PMID- 385533
TI  - Nucleocytoplasmic interrelationships in Acetabularia and some other
      dasycladaceae.

PMID- 385534
TI  - Nuclear and chromosomal behavior in amphibian nuclear transplants.

PMID- 385535
TI  - Reprogramming of transplanted nuclei in amphibia.

PMID- 385536
TI  - Expression of nuclear and cytoplasmic factors in ontogenesis of amphibian
      nucleocytoplasmic hybrids.

PMID- 385538
TI  - Compatibility among cell components in large free-living amebas.

PMID- 385537
TI  - The separate roles of nucleus and cytoplasm in the synthesis of DNA.

PMID- 385539
TI  - Nuclear transplantation studies in Amoeba proteus.

PMID- 385540
TI  - Oocyte maturation.

PMID- 385541
TI  - The chromaffin and chromaffin-like cells in the autonomic nervous system.

PMID- 385543
TI  - The control of microtubule assembly in vivo.

PMID- 385545
TI  - Recent advances in the morphology, cytochemistry, and function of Balbiani's
      vitelline body in animal oocytes.

PMID- 385542
TI  - Kinetic analysis of cellular populations by means of the quantitative
      radioautography.

PMID- 385544
TI  - Effects of irradiation on germ cells and embryonic development in teleosts.

PMID- 385546
TI  - Membrane-coating granules.

PMID- 385548
TI  - Computerized fluoroscopy techniques for intravenous study of cardiac chamber
      dynamics.
AB  - A computerized fluoroscopy system which was recently developed in our
      laboratories permits image contrast increases of 8-16 relative to conventional
      image intensifer fluoroscopy and permits study of canine and human ventricular
      wall motion using peripheral intravenous injections. Two time-dependent image
      subtraction algorithms are illustrated in connection with observation of
      artificially infarcted dog hearts. The first algorithm produces a display
      analogous to direct ventriculography using catheterization. The second displays
      regions of dyskinetic motion as anomalous image grey shades.

PMID- 385549
TI  - A stereotactic head frame for use with CT body scanners.
AB  - A prototype stereotactic head frame has been constructed for use in conjunction
      with a computed tomographic (CT) body scanner. Interactive software has been
      developed to allow target delineation using a standard CT scanner computer and
      image display console. The mathematic equations fundamental to this software are
      described. In preliminary experiments, it has been demonstrated that this frame
      can accurately direct a probe to an appropriately delineated target in a series
      of CT scans. A theoretic method for determining accuracy is presented; results
      suggest that this system represents a significant improvement over classic
      methods of neurosurgical stereotactic localization.

PMID- 385547
TI  - Real-time digital K-edge subtraction fluoroscopy.
AB  - We report in vitro and in vivo trials of K-edge fluoroscopy, by which iodine
      contrast concentration is displayed live, with tissue and bone images suppressed,
      free of patient-motion artifacts. Iodine and cerium, 125 and 225 mg/cm2
      respectively, filter alternate TV fields of cine-pulsed 50 KVP x-rays. Weighted
      subtraction of successive TV fields isolates the iodine image and simultaneously
      minimizes artifacts. Digital techniques are used in real time. At our present x
      ray tube limit, 500 mA instantaneous current, the patient exposure is 180 mR/sec
      and quantum mottle limits the image quality. Integrating four successive
      difference images provides a compromise between mottle and smoothly moving
      displays. Cardiovascular images of a 17-kg dog, using 1 ml/kg Renografin-60
      injected into a foreleg vein, show that a 15-cm chest thickness is our present
      practical maximum. This method may be useful in diagnosing cardiovascular
      anomalies in infants without catheterization or suspension of breathing.

PMID- 385550
TI  - A selective radioenzymatic assay for the determination of octopamine and
      phenylethanolamine in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Preliminary results in
      human and experimental hepatic encephalopathy.
AB  - A sensitive radioenzymatic assay for the simultaneous determination of
      phenylethanolamine and octopamine in biological fluids is described. It is
      derived from the radioenzymatic assay originally described by Molinoff et al.
      (1969) and subsequently modified by Saavedra (1974). The enzymatic reaction is
      based upon the methylation of phenylethanolamine and octopamine by
      phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase using 14C-S-adenosylmethionine as the
      methyl donor. The N-methyl derivatives of the two amines are separately extracted
      and estimated. Selectivity is increased by optimization of extraction and
      evaporation and by subsequent extraction of the two compounds. Phenylethanolamine
      and octopamine levels were determined in plasma of human subjects and in plasma
      and CSF of dogs. The levels were found significantly elevated both in human and
      experimental hepatic encephalopathy.

PMID- 385552
TI  - Human in vitro fertilization: a review of the ethical literature.

PMID- 385551
TI  - Why is the search for the foundations of ethics so frustrating?

PMID- 385553
TI  - Encephalitis and adenine arabinoside: an indictment without fact. NIAID
      Collaborative Antiviral Study Group.

PMID- 385554
TI  - Recent developments in personnel neutron dosimeters--a review.

PMID- 385555
TI  - Browplasty as an adjunct to rhinoplasty.
AB  - Brow modifications are discussed with respect to their role as aids in achieving
      certain aesthetic effects when rhinoplasty is being performed. If a deep
      nasofrontal angle should not be brought forward, reduction of the brow may be
      indicated. If the nasofrontal angle should not be retrodisplaced to deepen a
      shallow angle, brow augmentation may prove helpful in separating the nose from
      the forehead or in making the nose appear shorter in the vertical dimension.
      Augmentation and reduction browplastic techniques are discussed, and selected
      methods are illustrated. Some involve additional resection of frontal bone or
      procerus muscle at the time of nasal-hump removal. Others employ grafts of bone
      and/or cartilage removed from the nose at the time of septorhinoplasty. The
      versatile aesthetic surgeon should be capable of changing all structures adjacent
      to the nose. Certain difficult cosmetic problems are best treated by directing
      appropriate attention to these structures and to the nose rather than by
      concentrating on the nose alone. That the brow is one of these important abutting
      landmarks is demonstrated.

PMID- 385556
TI  - [Results following microsurgical nerve sutures in rabbits].

PMID- 385557
TI  - [Management of open nerve injuries (technical aspects, prognosis, results)].

PMID- 385558
TI  - [Cultural history of pain experience].

PMID- 385559
TI  - [Conservative surgery of spontaneous rupture of renal grafts].
AB  - 17 cases of spontaneous rupture of renal allografts were noted after 285 renal
      transplantations performed during the years 1967-1978. All ruptures occurred
      within the first two weeks after transplantation. Acute rejection, combined with
      hypertension, dialysis and/or anticoagulation seem to be the main etiological
      factors of graft rupture. Due to severe hemorrhage surgical exploration had to be
      performed in 15 patients. While removal of the graft was necessary in 4 patients
      the kidney could be preserved by tamponade and suture in 11 patients. 5 patients
      later lost their graft, due to chronic rejection, while 8 patients (6 of the 15
      patients who needed surgical exploration) currently have satisfactory graft
      function.

PMID- 385560
TI  - [Long-term observations on different methods of nephropexy].
AB  - In 29 patients with nephroptosis two different methods of nephropexy were
      compared; nephropexy using sutures passing through the parenchyma (n = 16) and
      nephropexy using tissue adhesives (n = 13). The first group was mobilized 3.5
      days after operation, whereas the second group was mobilized one day after
      operation. On later follow-up 79% of the patients had no or minor complaints.
      Those patients who had the same disturbances as preoperatively had all been
      treated by nephropexy using sutures passing through the parenchyma. In 56% of
      this group radiological recurrence was seen, whereas in the group using tissue
      adhesives there was only 8% radiological recurrence. We think therefore that the
      nephroxepy using tissue adhesive is the simplest and least traumatic method.

PMID- 385561
TI  - [Treatment of ureteral obstruction and urinary fistulas after kidney
      transplantation].
AB  - In 285 renal transplantations, performed during the years 1967-1978, 6 ureteral
      obstructions (2,1%) and 15 urinary fistulas (5,3%) were observed. Ureteral
      obstructions occurred in the late phase after transplantation and were caused by
      strictures at the uretero-vesical anastomosis (two patients), compression of the
      ureter by enlarged kidney during rejection (one patient) resp. lymphocele (one
      patient) and strictures at the pyelo-ureteral junction (two patients).
      Satisfactory results were achieved by surgical treatment in all patients. Urinary
      fistulas occurred in the early postoperative phase. Two vesical, 12 vesico
      ureteral and one calyceal fistula were observed. 7 fistulas (1 vesical, 6 vesico
      ureteral) closed spontaneously after temporary drainage of the bladder. 8
      fistulas were repaired surgically. While satisfactory results were obtained in 13
      patients, two patients died due to infection and sepsis after reoccurrence of
      fistulas.

PMID- 385562
TI  - [Experiences with clindamycin in orthopedic surgery and traumatology].
AB  - 60 cases of orthopedic surgery and traumatology were treated 64 times altogether
      with an average dose of clindamycin of 3 X 300 mg/day. 40 patients were given
      clindamycin as preventive treatment. 12 patients were treated for acute
      infections of the locomotor system and other 8 patients 12 times for chronic
      osteitis. In the group having received preventive trqatment, infection occurred
      bu 1 out of 40 patients. As to the 12 cases of acute infections, 10 recovered, 1
      improved and 1 patient got worse. Concerning the 12 treatments of 8 patients with
      chronic osteitis, in 1 case the inactivation of the infection was obtained. 9
      cases showed significant improvement whereas in 2 cases an aggravation was
      noticed. In 5 patients the following side effects occurred: 2 cases of allergic
      exanthema, 2 cases of mild diarrhoe and 1 case of pyrosis. This study shows that
      clindamycin is an antibiotic with a broad field of application in orthopedic
      surgery.

PMID- 385563
TI  - William Harvey and his age. The professional and social context of the discovery
      of the circulation.

PMID- 385564
TI  - William Harvey and the crisis of medicine in Jacobean England.

PMID- 385565
TI  - The image of Harvey in Commonwealth and Restoration England.

PMID- 385566
TI  - The medical side of Harvey's discovery: the normal and the abnormal.

PMID- 385567
TI  - Cytochemical localization of lectin labeled vesicles in GERL region of hepatoma
      ascites cells.
AB  - The fate of lectin labeled internalized plasma membrane in the ascites tumor form
      of the Chang rat hepatoma growing under in vivo and in vitro conditions was
      investigated cytochemically. Ascites cells were incubated in Convanavalin A (Con
      A) and horseradish peroxidase (PO), either with or without prior glutaraldehyde
      fixation and subsequently treated with 3',3-diaminobenzidine. In cells fixed
      before Con-A-PO labeling the reaction product was localized as a continuous and
      even layer upon the external surface of the plasma membrane. If unfixed cells
      were treated with Con A, coupled with PO at 4 degrees C and reincubated in
      phosphate buffered saline at 37 degrees C for varying periods of time, the Con-A
      PO layer was of irregular thickness. In as little as 15 min of reincubation
      endocytotic vesicles containing PO positive material were closely associated with
      GERL components of the Golgi Apparatus. Localization of acid phosphatase (ACPase)
      within GERL vesicles, similar in size and location to those containing Con-A-PO
      reaction product, indicates that the Con-A-PO labeled vesicles may be a component
      of the Golgi apparatus in hepatoma cells.

PMID- 385568
TI  - Mitochondrial calcium of intact and mechanically damaged bone and cartilage cells
      studied with K-pyroantimonate.
AB  - Cellular cation was localized with K-pyroantimonate osmium fixation in whole
      fetal mouse metatarsal bones and in deliberately mechanically damaged specimens.
      X-ray microprobe analysis of ultrathin sections showed a positive correlation
      between the concentration of Ca (and Sb) and the amount of electron-dense
      precipitate. In non-damaged osteoblasts and growth-plate chondrocytes dense
      precipitate had accumulated along the plasmalemma and the mitochondrial
      membranes, whereas damaged cells showed the precipitate on round granules in the
      mitochondrial matrix but not on membranes. Intermediate stages between these two
      patterns were also found. In a non-calcifying tissue such as liver no membrane
      bound precipitate was found in intact cells. However, damaged liver cells showed
      precipitate-containing mitochondrial granules similar to those in damaged bone
      cells, but only after incubation of the damaged tissue for 1 h in a Ca-containing
      balanced salt solution. Freezing of fresh whole bones in liquid N2 before
      fixation in K-pyroantimonate osmium did not change the precipitate pattern in the
      damaged cells, but in intact cells it produced a random distribution of
      precipitate unrelated to membranes. The results are compared with those obtained
      in other studies on the subcellular localization of calcium and in biochemical
      studies on membrane versus matrix loading in calcium-accumulating isolated
      mitochondria.

PMID- 385569
TI  - Current concepts in the treatment of neonatal asphyxia.

PMID- 385570
TI  - Shigella sonnei septicemia in a neonate: a case report.

PMID- 385571
TI  - The triple procedure; combined penetrating keratoplasty, cataract extraction and
      lens implantation.
AB  - Results of combined keratoplasty, extracapsular cataract extraction and lens
      implantation (triple procedure) are reported for 67 eyes having at least 12
      months follow-up. The average age of the patients was 73; the majority were
      female with a pre-op diagnosis of Fuchs's dystrophy. Post-op visual acuities were
      20/40 or better in 72% of the eyes. No implants were removed and only one eye
      required regrafting. The discission rate was 32%; discissions were usually
      performed a year post-op. We feel the favorable results are due to uniform use of
      microsurgical extracapsular catarat extraction at the time of surgery with good
      capsular fixation of the lens implant.

PMID- 385572
TI  - Retaining devices for protection of corneal endothelium.

PMID- 385573
TI  - Management of pulmonary disorders caused by the inhalation of aspergillus spores.

PMID- 385574
TI  - Antibiotics and the liver.

PMID- 385575
TI  - Plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases of Gram-negative bacteria: properties and
      distribution.

PMID- 385576
TI  - Klebsiella pneumonia strains moderately resistant to ampicillin and
      carbenicillin: characterization of a new beta-lactamase.

PMID- 385577
TI  - Effect of 7-alpha methoxy substitution of cephalosporins upon their affinity for
      the penicillin-binding proteins of E. coli K12. Comparison with antibacterial
      activity and inhibition of membrane bound model transpeptidase activity.

PMID- 385578
TI  - Multiple mechanisms of trimethoprim resistance in strains of Escherichia coli
      from a patient treated with long-term co-trimoxazole.

PMID- 385579
TI  - In vitro susceptibility of urinary isolates of Escherichia coli to cinoxacin.

PMID- 385580
TI  - Antibiotic levels in experimentally infected mice in relation to therapeutic
      effect and antibacterial activity in vitro.

PMID- 385581
TI  - Activity of cefuroxime, cefoxitin and amikacin against Serratia marcesens.

PMID- 385582
TI  - An improved radioenzymatic assay of aminoglycoside antibiotics in human serum by
      aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase [AAC (6')].

PMID- 385583
TI  - The use of a single 1 g dose of amoxycillin for the treatment of acute urinary
      tract infections.

PMID- 385584
TI  - Psychiatric presentation of Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease.
AB  - A case of presenile dementia, which on a post-mortem examination proved to be due
      to Jakob-Creutzfeldt Disease, is described. The most dramatic early clinical
      feature was that of hysterical aphonia, temporarily removable by hypnotic
      suggestion. Anxiety symptoms and irritability also occurred early on, followed by
      a transient hallucinatory psychosis. The hysterical features persisted
      throughout. In view of the lack of dementing features or neurological signs, a
      psychogenic diagnosis was repeatedly made by several neurologists. This case
      illustrates the fact that primary hysterical neurotic features almost never occur
      for the first time in mid-life.

PMID- 385585
TI  - Sodium valproate in tardive dyskinesia.
AB  - Recent findings suggest that tardive dyskinesia may involve GABA-ergic influences
      in addition to dopaminergic receptor hypersensitivity and relative cholinergic
      hypofunction. Sodium valproate, which may increase brain GABA, moderately recuded
      tardive dyskinesia with doses of 900--3000 mg/day, as measured by a tremorgraph
      and rating scales. There was no correlation between dosage, blood levels, or
      clinical response. Although the symptoms were not completely controlled,
      valproate and other GABA-ergic agents may be useful compounds in studying and
      treating tardive dyskinesia.

PMID- 385586
TI  - Mutations in putative intervening sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b
      gene of yeast produce abnormal cytochrome b polypeptides.
AB  - The apoprotein of yeast cytochrome b is translated on mitochondrial ribosomes and
      coded for by a split gene which is located in the COB-BOX region on mitochondrial
      DNA. With the aid of an antibody against cytochrome b, we identified the
      cytochrome b-cross-reacting polypeptides of respiration-deficient mutants mapping
      either in coding or intervening sequences of the cytochrome b gene. Most
      mutations in the coding regions caused the accumulation of a single apocytochrome
      b fragment whose apparent molecular weight (12,000 to 26,600) depended on the map
      position of the mutation. In contrast, mutations in putative intervening
      sequences often led to multiple new polypeptides immunologically related to
      apocytochrome b. Some of these abnormal polypeptides were considerably larger
      than wild type apocytochrome b. This suggests that mutations in intervening
      sequences can thus generate aberrant polypeptide products.

PMID- 385587
TI  - ilvU, a locus in Escherichia coli affecting the derepression of isoleucyl-tRNA
      synthetase and the RPC-5 chromatographic profiles of tRNAIle and tRNAVal.
AB  - A mutation in the ilvU locus of Escherichia coli has led to a complex phenotype
      that included resistance to thiaisoleucine, a loss of derepressibility of
      isoleucyl tRNA synthetase, and an alteration of the RPC-5 chromatographic profile
      of the branched-chain aminoacyl-tRNA's. The alterations were manifest in an
      increase in the amount of Species 2 of both tRNAIle and tRNAVal at the expense of
      Species 1. A similar alteration, but independent of (and additive to) that caused
      by the ilvU mutation, was observed upon limitation of either isoleucine or
      valine. The shift in profile caused by limitation was also independent of the
      reduced growth rate or the derepression of the isoleucine and valine biosynthetic
      enzymes that also result from limitation. During chloramphenicol treatment nearly
      all tRNAIle and tRNAVal formed appears as species 2. Upon recovery from
      chloramphenicol, Species 2 of both acceptors are converted to Species 1. It is
      proposed that the ilvU product not only allows derepression of isoleucyl-tRNA
      synthetase but also retards the conversion of tRNA2Ile to tRNA1Ile and that of
      tRNA2Val to tRNA1Val. The mutated ilvU loci abolish the derepression and are more
      efficient in retarding the conversion.

PMID- 385588
TI  - Thioredoxin catalyzes the reduction of insulin disulfides by dithiothreitol and
      dihydrolipoamide.
AB  - Thioredoxin from Escherichia coli was shown to catalyze the reduction of insulin
      disulfides by dithiothreitol. A quantitative assay was developed which measures
      the rate of insulin reduction spectrophotometrically at 650 nm as turbidity
      formation from the precipitation of the free insulin B chain. Thioredoxin, at 5
      microM concentration, accelerated the reaction between 0.130 mM insulin and 1.0
      mM dithiothreitol at pH 7 around 20-fold. The pH optimum of the reaction was 7.5.
      Thioredoxins from E. coli and calf liver showed similar specific activities.
      Stopped flow fluorescence measurements of the rate of reduction of thioredoxin-S2
      by dithiothreitol showed a second order rate constant of 1647 M-1 s-1 at pH 7.2.
      This is between 10(2) to 10(3) times larger than the reaction between insulin or
      linear model disulfides and dithiothreitol. It is consistent with a ping-pong
      mechanism of thioredoxin catalysis since reduced thioredoxin is known to react
      very fast with insulin. Thioredoxin also catalyzed lipoamide-dependent reduction
      of the insulin disulfides in a coupled system with NADH, lipoamide, and lipoamide
      dehydrogenase. The fast spontaneous reaction between dihydrolipoamide and
      thioredoxin-S2 provides a mechanism for NADH or pyruvate-dependent disulfide
      reduction. The implication of the dithiol-disulfide oxidoreductase activity of
      thioredoxin for the regulation of enzyme activities by thiol oxidation-reduction
      control is discussed.

PMID- 385589
TI  - Purification and characterization of an alpha-glucosidase specific for
      hydroxylysine-linked disaccharide of collagen.

PMID- 385590
TI  - Membrane receptors for aspartate and serine in bacterial chemotaxis.
AB  - High affinity binding sites for serine and aspartate have been characterized in
      membranes from Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Greater than 80% of
      these sites have been identified as chemotaxis receptors. Mutants lacking binding
      sites for these amino acids have been shown to have corresponding defects in
      taxis. The substrate specificity of each of the receptors in Salmonella is very
      high; most analogs of serine and aspartate do not bind to these receptor sites
      and do not affect chemotaxis. The transport of these amino acids is apparently
      not related to chemotaxis. At least 2500 serine receptors and 1200 aspartate
      receptors with dissociation constants of about 5 microM are present in the
      membrane fraction of logarithmically growing cells.

PMID- 385591
TI  - Identification of the amino acid residues of proteins S5 and S8 adjacent to each
      other in the 30 S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli.
AB  - When Escherichia coli 30 S ribosomal subunits are reacted with protein-protein
      bifunctional reagents, a number of protein pairs as well as aggregates containing
      three or more ribosomal proteins are formed. In the present study we have
      purified one of the protein pairs obtained by reaction of 30 S ribosomal subunits
      with either radioactive or nonradioactive dimethylsuberimidate. Following
      molecular weight determination and ammonolysis, the pair was shown to consist of
      ribosomal proteins S5 and S8. The "native" structure of the complex was surmised
      from its capacity to be reconstituted into a biologically active 30 S ribosomal
      subunit. From peptide maps and primary structure determination of various
      peptides it was demonstrated that the cross-linking bond between ribosomal
      proteins S5 and S8 involves primarily the residues Lys-93 of protein S8 and the
      COOH-terminal lysine (Lys-166) of ribosomal protein S5. This result is
      substantiated by the finding that a mutant carrying an altered S5 lacking the
      COOH-terminal lysine yields a greatly reduced amount of S5-S8 cross-link. In
      addition to the points of cross-linking it was found that Lys-30, Lys-68, and Lys
      86 of S8 and Lys-5 of S5 react with dimethylsuberimidate, indicating that these
      residues are available for reaction and suggesting their topographical
      localization on the ribosomal surface.

PMID- 385592
TI  - The primary structure of a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene from
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The complete nucleotide sequence of the coding, as well as the flanking noncoding
      regions, of a yeast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene was determined.
      Both the 5' and 3' noncoding sequences are extremely AT-rich and regions of
      partial dyad symmetry are present immediately adjacent to the 5' and 3' ends of
      the translated portion of the gene. The sequence AAUAAA is present in the 3'
      noncoding region of this gene and is a part of an extensive region of dyad
      symmetry which is structurally related to the 3'-terminal portion of both
      procaryotic mRNAs, as well as some eukaryotic mRNAs. The coding region of this
      gene does not contain intervening sequences. Establishment of the primary
      structure of this glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene provides a basis
      for further studies involving in vitro mutation of the gene and subsequent
      analysis of gene expression in vivo.

PMID- 385593
TI  - The effect of showdomycin on glycolipid formation. Inhibition of glucosyl
      phosphoryl-dolichol in aorta and stimulation of glucosylceramide in yeast.

PMID- 385594
TI  - Biosynthesis of yeast glycoproteins. Processing of the oligosaccharides
      transferred from dolichol derivatives.
AB  - The oligosaccharides previously bound to dolichol diphosphate were isolated from
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells incubated with [U-14C]glucose. Five compounds were
      obtained that migrated with RGlucose of 0.100, 0.120, 0.145, 0.180, and 0.215 on
      paper chromatography. All of them contained mannose and 2 N-acetylhexosamine
      residues. The substances that migrated with the three lower RGlucose values had,
      in addition, glucose units. The structure of the oligosacchardies was very
      similar if not identical with that of the oligosaccharides isolated from the
      dolichol diphosphate derivatives synthesized "in vitro" by yeast or rat liver
      particulate preparations or "in vivo" by dog thyroid or rat liver slices as
      judged by their migration on paper chromatography, monosaccharide composition,
      and degradation compounds produced by alpha-mannosidase treatment or acetolysis.
      The oligosaccharides previously bound to asparagine residues in proteins were
      isolated from yeast cells which had been pulsed with [U-14C]glucose and chased
      with medium containing the unlabeled monosaccharide. The samples taken after very
      short pulses contained four oligosaccharides that migrated with RGlucose of
      0.100, 0.120, 0.145, and 0.180 on paper chromatography. The first three compounds
      contained glucose, mannose, and 2 N-acetylhexosamine residues whereas the one
      that migrated with a RGlucose of 0.180 was devoid of the former monosaccharide.
      Samples taken after short chase periods revealed that the compounds that migrated
      with the lower RGlucose values gradually disappeared and were converted to the
      oligosaccharide with the higher RGlucose value was they lost their glucose
      residues. Similar analysis as those mentioned above showed that the structures of
      these compounds were similar to those of the dolichol diphosphate-bound
      oligosaccharides. Samples taken after longer chase periods revealed that the
      oligosaccharide that migrated with a RGlucose of 0.180 was subsequently either
      enlarged by the addition of more mannose residues or trimmed to smaller sizes.

PMID- 385595
TI  - High resolution thermal denaturation analyses of small sequenced DNA restriction
      fragments containing Escherichia coli lactose genetic control loci.
AB  - Differential melting curves are reported for four DNA restriction fragments (789,
      301, 203, and 95 base pairs in length) spanning the lactose control region. All
      but the smallest melt with two or more subtransitions. Maps are proposed which
      identify the positions of regions of different thermal stability in the
      sequences. The sizes of regions comprising subtransitions range from 60 to 200
      base pairs. An analysis is made of the cooperativity exhibited between regions in
      the sequence. The effect on the shape of the differential melting curves of Na+
      between 10 mM and 0.5 M as well as that of Mg2+ and glycerol has been determined.
      An 81-bp-long sequence of unusual thermal stability occurs at the lactose
      promoter. Its TM change, resulting from the above change in salt concentration,
      is out of step by 1.5 degree C with the neighboring DNA sequence. The potential
      biological significance of this behavior is discussed.

PMID- 385596
TI  - Structural studies of the membrane-derived oligosaccharides of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Membrane-derived oligosaccharides are a novel class of glucose-containing
      oligosaccharides found in the cell envelope of Escherichia coli and other Gram
      negative organisms (Schulman, H., AND Kennedy, E.P. (1979) J. Bacteriol. 137, 686
      688). Previous work has shown that these oligosaccharides contain sn-1-glycero-P
      and smaller amounts of phosphoethanolamine, derived from membrane phospholipids,
      attached to position 6 of certain of the glucose residues. The structure of the
      parent oligosaccharides (obtained by reduction with borohydride followed by
      alkaline hydrolysis) has now been studied. The oligosaccharide was permethylated,
      followed by hydrolysis and conversion of the products to methylated glucitol
      acetates, which were then analyzed and identified by gas-liquid chromatography
      and mass spectrometry. The membrane oligosaccharides contain 10 to 12 D
      glucopyranoside residues/mol, linked solely by 1 yields 2 and 1 yields 6 bonds.
      They are highly branched structures, with four nonreducing termini per mol.
      Glucose units at the branch points are doubly substituted at positions 2 and 6.
      The low specific rotation of the oligosaccharide (+8.3 degrees) indicates that
      the glycosidic bonds are predominantly or entirely beta.

PMID- 385597
TI  - The hydrodynamic shape, conformation, and molecular model of Escherichia coli
      ribosomal 5 S RNA.
AB  - The structure of ribosomal 5 S RNA has been examined using several physical
      biochemical techniques. Hydrodynamic measurements yield a s020,omega and [eta] of
      5.5 x 10(-13) x and 6.9 ml/g, respectively. Other parameters calculated from
      these values indicate the shape of 5 S RNA is consistent with that of a prolate
      ellipsoid 160 A in length and 32 A wide. Sedimentation equilibrium results show
      that 5 S RNA exists as a monomer in the reconstitution buffer with an apparent
      molecular weight of 44,000. Ultraviolet absorption difference spectra show that
      approximately 75% of the bases in 5 S RNA are involved in base pairing, and of
      these base pairs 70% are G-C and 30% are A-U. These results on the overall shape
      and secondary structure of 5 S RNA have been incorporated with the results of
      other investigators as to the possible location of single-stranded and double
      stranded helical regions, and a molecular model for 5 S RNA is proposed. The
      molecular model consists of three double helices in the shape of a prolate
      ellipsoid, with two of the double helical regions at one end of the molecule. The
      structure is consistent with the available data on the structure and function of
      5 S RNA and bears similarity to the molecular model proposed by Osterberg et al.
      ((1976) Eur. J. Biochem. 68, 481-487) based on small angle x-ray scattering
      results and the secondary structure proposed by Madison ((1968) Annu. Rev.
      Biochem. 37, 131-148).

PMID- 385598
TI  - The 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase reaction in Escherichia coli.
AB  - This study is an attempt to relate in vivo use of the 6-phosphogluconate
      dehydrogenase reaction in Escherichia coli with the characteristics of the enzyme
      determined in vitro. 1) The enzyme was obtained pure by affinity chromatography
      and kinetically characterized; as already known, ATP and fructose-1,6-P2 were
      inhibitors. 2) A series of isogenic strains were made in which in vivo use of
      thereaction might differ, e.g. a wild type strain versus a mutant lacking 6
      phosphogluconate dehydrase, as grown on gluconate; a phosphoglucose isomerase
      mutant grown on glucose or glycerol. 3) The in vivo rate of use of the 6
      phosphogluconate dehydrogenase reaction was determined from measurements of
      growth rate and yield and from the specific activity of alanine after growth in 1
      14C-labeled substrates. 4) The intracellular concentrations of 6
      phosphogluconate, NADP+, fructose-1,6-P2, and ATP were measured for the strains
      in growth on several carbon sources. 5) The metabolite concentrations were used
      for assay of the enzyme in vitro. The results allow one to calculate how fast the
      reaction would function in vivo if ATP and fructose-1,6-P2 were its important
      effectors and if the in vitro assay conditions apply in vivo. The predicted in
      vivo rates ranged down to as low as one-tenth of the actual rates, and,
      accordingly, one cannot yet draw firm conclusions about how the reaction is
      actually controlled in vivo.

PMID- 385599
TI  - Studies on the catabolism of the hydroxylysine-linked disaccharide units of
      basement membranes and collagens. Isolation and characterization of a rat kidney
      alpha-glucosidase of high specificity.

PMID- 385600
TI  - The characteristics and significance of sulfonamides as substrates for
      Escherichia coli dihydropteroate synthase.

PMID- 385601
TI  - Comparison of the rates of synthesis, conversion, and maturation of type I and
      type III collagens in rat periodontal tissues.

PMID- 385603
TI  - In vivo methylation of prokaryotic elongation factor Tu.
AB  - In Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) is
      methylated as shown by its incorporation of labeled methyl residues from [methyl
      3H]methionine. Analysis of the nature of the methyl-containing residues by
      protein hydrolysis, followed by paper chromatography and high voltage
      electrophoresis showed that both mono- and dimethyllysine are present. Eighty per
      cent of the EF-Tu molecules are methylated if methylation occurs at a unique
      lysine residue. The EF-Tu fraction which is not methylated is still able to
      accept methyl groups, as shown by methylation of approximately 10% of the EF-Tu
      after addition of chloramphenicol (D-(-)-threo-2,2-dichloro-N-[beta-hydroxy-alpha
      (hydroxymethyl)-o-nitrophenethyl] acetamide) to inhibit further protein
      synthesis. There is no evidence of turnover of the methyl residues. We attempted
      to separate the methylated from the nonmethylated form of EF-Tu by isoelectric
      focusing on polyacrylamide gel, but were unable to do so.

PMID- 385602
TI  - Identification of a nuclear protein (Scl-70) as a unique target of human
      antinuclear antibodies in scleroderma.

PMID- 385604
TI  - Precursor maltose-binding protein is active in binding substrate.
AB  - Precursor maltose-binding protein synthesized in vitro was shown to be active in
      binding maltose by affinity chromatography.

PMID- 385605
TI  - A collaborative study on the testing of rabies immune globulin (human) by the
      mouse neutralization test (MNT) and the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test
      (RFFIT).

PMID- 385606
TI  - Application of the principles of enzyme kinetics to clonal growth rate assays: an
      approach for delineating interactions among growth promoting agents.
AB  - The interaction of mitogenic factors on a single cell type and the comparative
      activity of a given factor in diverse cell types have been studied by applying
      the principles of Michaelis-Menten kinetics to clonal growth data. Such
      comparisons are facilitated by derivation of two parameters; Km mitogen, the
      mitogen concentration that gives half-maximal clonal growth and a theoretical
      maximal growth rate, RMAX T. Both parameters are analogous to the Km and VMAX as
      applied to enzymatic reactions. Use of these parameters permits meaningful
      comparisons between cells with different growth rates. Using kinetic analysis of
      dose-response data, we found that normal human epithelial cells require 200 times
      more fetal bovine serum protein (FBSP) than a malignant line to multiply at their
      respective half-maximal rates. Further, the Km FBSP of normal cells was reduced
      to that of the malignant line by the inclusion of growth factors (EGF or FGF, and
      hydrocortisone) in the medium. On the other hand, even though greater levels of
      serum were required when growth factors and hydrocortisone were not present,
      their inclusion did not alter RMAX T. Interactions between mitogenic factors were
      shown to be unidirectional. Although EGF reduced the Km FBSP, FBSP did not change
      the Km EGF. The same type of analysis revealed that hydrocortisone, which
      potentiated the mitogenic activity of EGF did not change the Km EGF. Kinetic
      analysis of cell growth should prove useful in studies on the relation between
      growth and tumor promotion as well as in the evaluation of growth-inhibiting
      chemotherapeutic agents.

PMID- 385607
TI  - [Prevention of thrombosis and embolism in digestive surgery].

PMID- 385608
TI  - [Original removing technique of the kidneys for transplantation. An experimental
      study (author's transl)].
AB  - The depicted procedure minimizes the hazards of aggressive manipulations, and
      excludes any possibility of so-called "warm ischaemia". The kidneys are flushed
      out in situ with cool pulsatile perfusion through an aortic cannula. Kidneys,
      aorta and inferior vena cava are then removed en-bloc without interrupting the
      perfusion, and preserved in Collins' solution at 4 degrees C. After a 6 to 19
      hour storage time, one of the kidneys is transplanted on another dog, while the
      second one is submitted to histological examination. Nine transplantations were
      carried out, followed in 7 cases with a most satisfactory diuresis resuming, and
      with urinary ionic levels, as well as daily urea output, normalization within 48
      hours. Histologic examination showed an unaffected glomerular apparatus, but some
      mild tubular lesions.

PMID- 385610
TI  - [Removal of human kidneys under "in situ" hypothermia by aortic and caval
      cannulations. Technique and first clinical results (author's transl)].
AB  - After dissection and cannulation of aorta and vena cava, the kidneys are washed
      out "in situ" with a cooling perfusion, avoiding any possibility of so-called
      warm ischaemia. The kidneys and their vessels, still attached to aorta and vena
      cava, are then en bloc removed, which enables a satisfactory preparation of the
      vessels for subsequent anastomosis to be performed. After an experimental study
      [6], four kidneys were removed according to this procedure, and transplanted
      after an average cold-storage time of 23 hours. Diuresis recovery was immediate,
      and normalization of serum creatinin, and of urinary sodium and potassium levels,
      was achieved within 6 days.

PMID- 385609
TI  - [Closed trauma of the supra-aortic trunks (author's transl)].

PMID- 385611
TI  - [180 cases of umbilical hernia repaired in a new way (author's transl)].
AB  - We describe a new method for the cutaneous repair of umbilical hernias. The cut
      of the skin makes two flaps suppressing the navel which is generally salient.
      After the aponevrotic repair which is made by vertical suture with slowly
      resorbable material, the repair of the two cutaneous flaps builds a new navel
      which aspect is very close to the natural one. This method has been used once
      with complete satisfaction, for the repair of an omphalocel.

PMID- 385612
TI  - [Lymphatico-venous experimental anastomosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Since the pioneer work of Nielubowicz et Olszewski successful anastomoses have
      been caried out between lymphnodes and veins in experiments and in the clinic as
      well. The creation of patent anastomoses between lymphatic trunks and veins still
      present many problems, primarily due to the small size of the lymphatic vessels.
      The microsurgical technique permits the authors to overcome these difficulties.
      End-to-side anastomosis between lymphatic trunk and the superficial femoral vein
      was carried out - using stereo microscopic - on rabbits, with a modification of
      Cordeiro's and Degni's technique; a longitudinally divided plastic catheter was
      introduced into the vein and the lymphatic trunk was pulled into the lumen and
      fixed to the upper venous wall with one suture. End-to-end anastomosis was
      created between lymphatic trunk and the superficial femoral vein or one of it's
      branches with a technique using a small piece of plastic catheter, which was
      introduced into the lymphatic trunk on one side and to the vein on the other side
      in order to prevent the transfixation of the vessels wall. Interrupted 11/0
      atraumatic sutures were used to create the anastomosis. With both of these
      methods patent anatomosis can be carried out between lymphatic trunks and veins.

PMID- 385613
TI  - Low dose pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone in anorexia nervosa: a model of
      human pubertal development.
AB  - Patients suffering from anorexia nervosa were studied to determine whether
      gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) could induce the hormonal changes which
      occur during normal puberty. Three amenorrheic patients were studied at low body
      weight (less than 70% ideal BW). All three patients were prepubertal, as
      evidenced by immature LH and FSH responses to a standard GnRH test (2.5
      micrograms/kg BW) and the absence of spontaneous LH peaks both during the day and
      during sleep. Low doses of GnRH (0.025--0.05 microgram/kg), aimed at producing
      peak plasma GnRH values of approximately 200 pg/ml, were given by iv bolus
      injection every 2 h for 5 days. Plasma responses of FSH, LH, and estradiol were
      measured by RIA. Preinjected FSH values rose rapidly to plateau (range, 15--30
      mIU/ml) on the second to third day before falling despite the continued
      administration of GnRH. In contrast, plasma LH and estradiol increased gradually
      throughout the 5 days of injections. Acute FSH responses to GnRH initially
      exceeded those of LH but subsequently decreased, whereas LH increments increased
      progressively after the first 36 h of injections. The 5 days of low dose GnRH
      pulses induced maturation of the hormone responses to the standard GnRH test, so
      that LH release exceeded that of FSH at the completion of the study. These
      changes in the patterns of FSH and LH secretion are similar to those seen during
      normal puberty in girls and during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.
      The results demonstrate a changing pattern of pituitary response to physiological
      administration of GnRH and indicate that the changes in gonadotropin secretion
      during normal puberty are consistent with the effects of the single decapeptide
      GnRH.

PMID- 385615
TI  - Biotyping of Escherichia coli by a simple multiple-inoculation agar plate
      technique.
AB  - A nine-test system using multiple-inoculation agar plates for biotyping of
      Escherichia coli is described. Testing of 959 strains resulted in 78 biotypes. On
      repeated testing, 96% of 182 strains had identical biotypes or differed by only
      one test. This system provides satisfactory differentiation among strains and is
      reproducible. Precise standardization of inoculum size is not required. Multiple
      inoculation allows time and cost-efficient testing of large numbers of strains.

PMID- 385614
TI  - Group B beta-hemolytic streptococci causing pharyngitis.
AB  - Group B beta-hemolytic streptococci were isolated from the throats of 49 of 1,110
      patients who had pharyngitis. Compared with patients whose throat cultures were
      negative for beta-hemolytic streptococci, those harboring group B were more
      likely to have enlarged tonsils (P less than 0.001), exudate (P less than 0.02),
      and tender enlarged anterior cervical lymph nodes (P less than 0.01). Group B
      should not necessarily be dismissed as a nonpathogen when identified in the
      pharynx of patients with exudative pharyngitis; laboratories which report beta
      hemolytic streptococcal isolates from the pharynx only as group A or non-group A
      should be encouraged to perform definitive group identification of all beta
      hemolytic isolates to further evaluate the role of other streptococcal groups as
      the causative agents for pharyngitis.

PMID- 385616
TI  - Use of an immunoperoxidase method for identification of Bacteroides fragilis.
AB  - An indirect immunoperoxidase (IP) slide test was evaluated for the laboratory
      identification of Bacteroides fragilis. Antigen-antibody complexes were detected
      with goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G-peroxidase conjugate with 3-amino-9-ethyl
      carbazole as the peroxidase substrate. Ninety-one percent of 44 B. fragilis
      strains tested were IP positive (3+ to 4+ reactions) with greater than or equal
      to 1:160 dilutions of rabbit antiserum produced against whole cells of B.
      fragilis ATCC 23745. The antiserum was species specific. No cross-reactions were
      observed with 35 Bacteroides strains of other species or with a variety of
      facultative or aerobic gram-negative bacilli. Four B. fragilis strains were IP
      negative. One of these (VPI 2393) was the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) homology
      group II reference strain. The other three were clinical isolates. IP-negative
      and representative IP-positive strains were tested for DNA homology with the type
      strains for DNA homology groups I and II (VPI 2553 and VPI 2393). Two of the
      three clinical isolates were classified as DNA homology group II, and the
      remaining strain was classified as a group I. Capsular material known to be
      unique to B. fragilis was common to both DNA homology groups as indicated by
      reactions with purified anticapsular antiserum. The IP technique provides a
      suitable alternative to fluorescent microscopy for the rapid immunological
      identification of B. fragilis.

PMID- 385617
TI  - Rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae with the micro-ID system versus API
      20E and conventional media.
AB  - The Micro-ID system for rapid (4 h) identification of Enterobacteriaceae was
      evaluated by testing 433 enteric bacilli and 9 other gram-negative bacilli. Each
      isolate was identified with conventional tubed media and was also tested in the
      Micro-ID and API 20E systems. The overall accuracy of both systems was 97%. Micro
      ID tests for the Voges-Proskauer reaction, indole and H2S production, and
      ornithine and lysine decarboxylase all demonstrated a 97 to 99% correlation with
      conventional methods. Only 86% of the Micro-ID urease tests agreed with
      Christenson urea agar. Two inoculum densities were tested in Micro-ID panels,
      with 157 stock cultures. Over 90% of the tests were unaffected by changes in
      inoculum density. Tests with four control strains suggested that the Micro-ID
      system was more reproducible when a light inoculum was used. The Micro-ID system
      was found to be a very convenient method for rapid, accurate, and precise
      identification of the Enterobacteriaceae.

PMID- 385618
TI  - Practical technique for quantitating anaerobic bacteria in tissue specimens.
AB  - Quantitative bacteriology has considerable influence on the care and management
      of surgical wounds. Heretofore, these techniques have been limited to
      measurements of aerobic bacteria. A technique is reported herein which permits
      quantitation of obligately anaerobic bacteria in tissue specimens. This technique
      is easily reproduced in any clinical laboratory and eliminates the need for
      expensive anaerobic chambers.

PMID- 385619
TI  - Quantitative assay of soluble beta-hemolytic streptococcal antigens via an
      immunochemical turbidimetric method with a spectrophotometer.
AB  - Soluble, group A, B, C, and G beta-hemolytic streptococcal antigens were
      successfully identified in a prototype spectrophotometric system by an
      immunochemical turbidimetric assay. Any spectrophotometic system which can take a
      zero reading followed by a second reading 2 or more min later can be used for the
      assay. Maximum absorbance was obtained near a wavelength of 340 nm. A wide range
      of linearity between antigen concentration and absorbance was observed at some
      antibody dilutions, resulting in a simple assay which can be used to quantitate
      amounts of antigen in solution. Minimal cross-reactions that present no problem
      in interpretation was observed. Simulated emergency samples were solubilized and
      assayed for group A and B bacteria within 3 h of colony recognition.
      Reproducibility of the absorbance resulting from the antibody-antigen reaction
      was great, with low coefficients of variation over a period of 50 days. The
      simplicity of the assay solutions, requiring only antisera and a buffer, and the
      accessibility to high levels of quality control are among the greatest assets of
      the technique to clinical laboratories.

PMID- 385620
TI  - Reticulate bodies as single antigen in Chlamydia trachomatis serology with
      microimmunofluorescence.
AB  - Formalin-fixed, purified reticulate bodies (RB) of Chlamydia trachomatis
      immunotype C/TW-3/OT were used as a serological test antigen in the
      microimmunofluorescence test. The sensitivity and specificity of the RB antigen
      were compared to elementary bodies (EB) used as antigens in the detection of C.
      trachomatis antibodies in human sera by microimmunofluorescence. RB reacted with
      all known C. trachomatis immunotypes with the same sensitivity as the homotypic
      EB. In routine serology with sera and endocervical secretions, the RB antigen had
      a sensitivity similar to that of the EB in detecting serum antibodies,
      endocervical secretion antibodies, and antibodies of immunoglobulin M and G
      classes. No false-positive reactions were detected with control sera. All
      positive reactions showed type-specific antibodies against an EB immunotype. RB
      seemed to demonstrate chlamydial group reactivity; sera from 10 psittacosis
      patients diagnosed clinically and serologically by complement fixation showed
      five positive, three equivocal, and two negative reactions. By
      immunofluorescence, RB appeared as distinct rings demonstrating uniform
      peripheral surface fluorescence at their rims. The EB appeared as pinpoint-sized
      dots. C/TW-3/OT RB used as a single test anitgen should provide a simple and
      sensitive serological assay for the detection of C. trachomatis antibody.

PMID- 385621
TI  - Evaluation of the new API 20C strip for yeast identification against a
      conventional method.
AB  - The new API 20C yeast identification system together with appropriate microscopic
      morphology determinations achieved a 97% correlation with a rapid conventional
      method. Whereas a group composed of Candida, Torulopsis, Saccharomyces, and
      Rhodotorula was identified with ease (98% overall correlation), a second group,
      containing Cryptococcus, Trichosporon, and Geotrichum species, appeared to give
      the system the most difficulty (90% correlation). Within this group particular
      difficulty was encountered in identifying varieties of Cryptococcus albidus, C.
      terreus, C. laurentii, Trichosporon beigelli, and Geotrichum spp. as to species.
      The API 20C system should be incubated the full 72 h prescribed by the
      manufacturer. However, when used in conjunction with appropriate morphological
      tests, presumptive identifications of some Candida and Torulopsis species may be
      made at 24 to 48 h. To facilitate identifications of the more difficult group of
      yeasts, ancillary tests for determining nitrate reductase, urease, and phenol
      oxidase activities should be considered as additions to the strip. Incorporating
      the phenol oxidase test would be especially important for identification of
      Cryptococcus neoformans, a yeast which should be identified as quickly and as
      accurately as possible. The API 20C system with computer assistance has proved to
      be an easy-to-inoculate, versatile, and fairly rapid method of yeast
      identification, giving results comparable to those obtained by conventional
      methodologies.

PMID- 385622
TI  - Rapid selective urease test for presumptive identification of Cryptococcus
      neoformans.
AB  - A rapid simplified screening method that selectively detected the urease activity
      of 99.6% of 286 isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans within 15 min was developed
      for use in clinical microbiology laboratories.

PMID- 385624
TI  - Orthodontics: Dr. Cecil Steiner.

PMID- 385623
TI  - Evaluation of anaerobic incubation for recovery of group A streptococci from
      throat cultures.
AB  - No statistical differences were found in the recovery of group A streptococci
      from throat culture specimens after overnight incubation of blood agar plates in
      5% CO2 compared with anaerobiosis. Anaerobic incubation required many more
      subcultures and resulted in considerably greater technical time and expense.

PMID- 385625
TI  - Round table: bonding.

PMID- 385627
TI  - Hints for better bonding.

PMID- 385626
TI  - Round table: bonding. Part 3.

PMID- 385628
TI  - JCO/interviews Dr. Bjorn U. Zachrisson on iatrogenic damage in orthodontic
      treatment (part 2). Interview by Sidney Brandt.

PMID- 385629
TI  - Simplified direct-bonded retainer.

PMID- 385630
TI  - Improved laboratory procedure for indirect bonding of attachments.

PMID- 385631
TI  - Bondable twin lower 3-3 retaining arch.

PMID- 385632
TI  - What happens with palatal dysfunction?

PMID- 385633
TI  - Bonding as permanent retention after closure of median diastema.

PMID- 385634
TI  - Triple action maxillary fixed appliance.

PMID- 385636
TI  - Sotalol, a pure beta-adrenergic blocking agent for treatment of essential
      hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.

PMID- 385635
TI  - Single-dose kinetics of prazepam, a precursor of desmethyldiazepam.

PMID- 385637
TI  - Crossover comparison of sotalol plus methyldopa in hypertension.

PMID- 385638
TI  - Long-term sotalol therapy in patients with arrhythmias.
AB  - Sotalol is a pure beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist. The present study was
      divided into a first and second therapy period. A total of 38 patients with
      atrial or ventricular arrhythmias were included in the first therapy period.
      After a drug-free period of approximately two months, 14 of the 38 patients
      entered the second therapy period and were given oral sotalol. During the two
      treatment periods, oral sotalol was given in doses ranging from 40 to 480 mg/day
      for 0.5 to 11 months in the first period and for four to nine months in the
      second period. Oral sotalol decreased or abolished arrhythmias in 92 per cent of
      the patients in the first therapy period and in all the patients in the second
      therapy period. Minor side effects occurred in two patients. Sotalol possesses a
      unique class III antiarrhythmic action. The electrophysiological profile is
      different from other beta-adrenergic blocking agents in that sotalol prolongs the
      duration of the intracellularly recorded action potential. This property may
      contribute to the antiarrhythmic efficacy demonstrated with sotalol.

PMID- 385640
TI  - Synergism of a beta blocker and a diuretic in the once-a-day treatment of
      essential hypertension.

PMID- 385639
TI  - The combination of sotalol and hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of
      hypertension.

PMID- 385641
TI  - Once-a-day treatment with sotalol and hydrochlorothiazide in patients with
      essential hypertension.
AB  - Eighteen patients with mild to moderately severe hypertension were treated, after
      a run-in period of placebo for three weeks, with a combination of 160 mg sotalol
      and 25 mg hydrochlorothiazide for three months. Fifteen patients responded well
      and, after one month of treatment, had a sustained diastolic blood pressure of
      less than 100 mm Hg. Additional treatment reduced the blood pressure even further
      during the second month, with a significant fall in blood pressure after the
      first month of treatment. The degree of severity of the hypertension did not seem
      to have an effect on blood pressure response to treatment. Serum potassium values
      decreased significantly during treatment. They remained within the normal range,
      and no clinical symptoms of hypokalemia were observed. One patient developed
      hyperuricemia and had to be withdrawn from the study.

PMID- 385642
TI  - Sotalol/hydrochlorothiazide in geriatric hypertensive patients.

PMID- 385643
TI  - Further observations on hippocampal neurons in dispersed cell culture.
AB  - The growth of the processes of dissociated hippocampal neurons from 18- to 20-day
      old rat fetuses has been studied in vitro using a method that permits cells to be
      maintained at relatively low plating densities for periods up to three weeks
      (Banker and Cowan, '77). Most of the cells are spherical or ovoid when they first
      attach to the substratum (either polylysine or collagen) but within 24 to 48
      hours they begin to put out processes, and by the end of the first week in
      culture a significant proportion (approximately 45%) come to resemble normal
      pyramidal cells with a more-or-less triangular shaped soma, a single dominant
      dendrite-like process emerging from the apex of the soma, and several "basal
      dendrites" arising from the opposite pole of the cell. Comparisons of the lengths
      of these dendrite-like processes with those of hippocampal cells in the brains of
      animals sacrificed on the fourth post-natal day and impregnated by a variant of
      the Golgi-Cox method, indicate that in some cases the rate of process formation
      in vitro approximates that in vivo and that the general form of the neurons is
      remarkably like that of immature pyramidal cells. After a week in culture a
      second type of process can be recognized. These tend to be finer than those we
      have identified as dendrites; they are relatively uniform in diameter, frequently
      give off branches at right angles, and in the electron microscope can be seen to
      form synapses upon the larger processes and cell somata. These axon-like
      processes differ from the axons of normal pyramidal cells in two important
      respects: (i) most commonly they arise from one of the dendritic processes,
      including, on occasion, the putative "apical" dendrites, and only rarely from the
      base of the perikaryon; (ii) there may be two or more such processes from a
      single cell. The thicker, tapering processes can be shown (after incubation in 3H
      uridine) to contain large amounts of RNA; newly-synthesized RNA does not extend
      into the finer, axon-like processes.

PMID- 385644
TI  - Pulp reactions and microorganisms under ASPA and Concise composite fillings.

PMID- 385646
TI  - A simple efficient method for utilizing the stainless steel crown.

PMID- 385645
TI  - An in vitro investigation of the sealing efficacy of BIS-GMA resin pit-and
      fissure coatings.

PMID- 385647
TI  - In vivo effect of oral environment on etched enamel: a scanning electron
      microscopic study.
AB  - After etching the enamel in teeth of young children with 50% buffered phosphoric
      acid and allowing the teeth to remain in the oral environment for a few months,
      an irregular enamel surface similar to the morphology of recently etched enamel
      was noted by means of scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the enamel
      surfaces were covered with plaque. Accordingly, observations by other authors,
      that etched human enamel takes on a normal appearance after short exposure in the
      oral cavity, could not be confirmed. However, when the surface of the etched
      enamel was pumiced, the enamel reacquired both the shine and appearance of non
      etched enamel.

PMID- 385648
TI  - Character of the hard tooth tissue-polymer bond. I. Study of the interaction of
      calcium phosphate with N-phenylglycine and with N-phenylglycine-glycidyl
      methacrylate adduct.
AB  - A model investigation was carried out to establish the chemical character of the
      bond between hard tooth tissues and polymeric materials. The interaction of NPG
      and NPG-GMA with Ca3(PO4)2 and 45Ca3(PO4)2 was studied in aqueous, alcoholic and
      aqueous-alcoholic solutions. It was shown that NPG and NPG-GMA react in solution
      with Ca ions which are in equilibrium with calcium phosphate. The reaction
      proceeds more intensively in aqueous-alcoholic medium due to its ionic character.
      The IR spectra of the reaction products show the presence of NPG-GMA calcium
      salt.

PMID- 385649
TI  - Character of the hard tooth tissue-polymer bond. II. Study of the interaction of
      human tooth enamel and dentin with N-phenylglycine-glycidyl methacrylate adduct.
AB  - The interaction of powdered human tooth enamel and dentin with NPG-GMA was
      studied in alcoholic and alcoholic-aqueous solutions. The reaction produces
      ionized carboxylic groups capable of forming ionic bonds between the calcium ions
      in the tooth enamel or dentin and NPG-GMA.

PMID- 385650
TI  - Bonding of acrylic resins to dentin with 2-cyanoacrylate esters.
AB  - Strength and durability of the dentin-acrylic resin joint cemented with 2
      cyanoacrylate esters were studied. Maximum adhesion is obtained with isobutyl 2
      cyanoacrylate after 1% acid pretreatment of the dentin. Hydrolytic stability is
      somewhat improved by addition of polymer to the adhesive or coating around the
      joint.

PMID- 385651
TI  - Renaissance? Relevance, utility, and uselessness.

PMID- 385652
TI  - A novel maneuver to facilitate closure after vermilionectomy.

PMID- 385653
TI  - "Henry Dearborn". Physician, soldier, civil servant, diplomat.

PMID- 385654
TI  - Immunofluorescent studies of the epididymis and testis in cases of obstructive
      azoospermia.

PMID- 385655
TI  - Experimental skin transplantation in the burned rat: attempted use of
      immunological enhancement.

PMID- 385656
TI  - Statistical survey of 100 cases of sporotrichosis.

PMID- 385657
TI  - Cytomorphogenesis and melanosome transfer during malignant transformation in
      melanocytes and melanoma cells. Comparison of scanning and transmission electron
      microscope studies of the epidermal melanin unit.

PMID- 385658
TI  - Application of protein A to the study of pemphigus antibodies.

PMID- 385660
TI  - Enzymatic studies on adnexal tumors of the skin. Histochemical and biochemical
      studies on tumors of sebaceous origin.

PMID- 385659
TI  - An experimental model of xanthoma by intradermal dextran sulfate injection.

PMID- 385661
TI  - The major histocompatibility complex in psoriasis vulgaris. III. HLA-C antigens.

PMID- 385662
TI  - Strain gauge transduction of lip and jaw motion in the midsagittal plane:
      refinement of a prototype system.
AB  - This paper describes the design refinements made in an earlier prototype system
      for transducing lip and jaw movements in the midsagittal plane. Major
      improvements over the prototype system included: reduced transducer loading,
      improved two-dimensional separation and resolution, elimination of possible
      artifacts due to lateral-medial or rotational movement, electrical isolation of
      the subject from the transducer, increased capability to transduce movements of
      children as well as adults, and an accessory instrument for orienting the
      transducers with reference to defined anatomical planes.

PMID- 385663
TI  - Denture adhesives.

PMID- 385664
TI  - The presidents. William Henry Morgan 1870-1871.

PMID- 385665
TI  - Clinical trials of intraoral dental xeroradiography.
AB  - A new dental xeroradiographic processor was clinically tested. In comparison with
      conventional radiographs, xeroradiographs often showed more anatomic detail of
      teeth and bone and required approximately half the exposure time. These
      characteristics, the speed of operation and the added features for convenience,
      suggest that xeroradiography may be important to dental radiography in the
      future.

PMID- 385666
TI  - Indications for orthodontic-prosthodontic collaboration in dental treatment.
AB  - In dental practice, combined plans of orthodontic and prosthodontic treatment are
      underused. Indications for a collaborative effort include preservation of
      integrity of the dental arch, biomechanical factors, limitations in design of
      prostheses, esthetic appearance, periodontal considerations, prevention of
      malocclusion, and better retention of position of teeth.

PMID- 385667
TI  - Importance of combined periodontal and acid-etch composite treatment in
      restoration of anterior teeth and periodontal health.
AB  - Severely fractured, hypoplastic, and carious mandibular anterior teeth in a 17
      year-old patient precluded the ability to use adequate methods of control of
      plaque. With simple, inexpensive techniques, periodontal health was restored and
      a functional and esthetic occlusion was provided. This treatment plan was
      accomplished with minimal risk of injuring the pulps of the teeth.

PMID- 385668
TI  - Review of methods for removing cast gold restorations.
AB  - Most techniques and devices described for crown removal, in one way or another,
      destroy the integrity of today's precision cast crowns. There were only three
      techniques described that do not require drilling a hole, cutting a notch or
      slot, clamping with claws or jaws, prying with instruments, or grasping with
      forceps and pliers. These are the copper band filled with cement, the coping of
      cold-curing acrylic resin, and the Richwil crown remover. The safest and least
      traumatic of all crown removal devices and techniques is to cut a slot and pry
      the crown loose. Although the crown is destroyed, damage to the tooth is avoided.

PMID- 385670
TI  - Voluntary dental laboratory certification program. Council on Prosthetic Services
      and Dental Laboratory Relations.
AB  - Laboratory certification does not offer concrete guarantees of consistent high
      quality of products or services. It does, however, identify, for the dental
      profession, a competency and acceptability factor on which to base a predication
      of performance by the laboratory. Also, laboratory certification establishes a
      framework within which the dental laboratory industry can work to continue
      upgrading its facilities and personnel, demonstrates the concern of certified
      laboratories for continuing competence, and indicates to government and third
      party payers a willingness to develop standards endorsed by the industry.

PMID- 385669
TI  - Dentists' incomes, fees, practice costs, and the Economic Stabilization Act: 1952
      to 1976. Bureau of Economic and Behavioral Research.
AB  - Throughout the 20-year period from 1952 to 1972, dentists' net incomes, adjusted
      for inflation, increased and provided greater monetary rewards to the practice of
      dentistry. Evidence discloses a close association between the purchasing power of
      dentists' net incomes and the general level of economic activity (measured by the
      GNP inconstant dollars). Dentists are not immune to temporary recessions. The
      period from 1972 to 1974, with the imposed fee guidelines of Nixon's Economic
      Stabilization Act, was unusual. With effective fee guidelines during the latter
      two phases coupled with freely fluctuating input prices, dentists were caught in
      an income squeeze. During 1972 to 1974, the purchasing power of dentists' net
      incomes fell at a rate of 10.1% per year as the price index of practice costs
      outpaced dentists' fees. After the Economic Stabilization Act expired in 1974,
      trends returned to normal. Dentists' net incomes increased at rates consistent
      with changes in the GNP and dentists' fees increased slightly faster than the
      "Price Index of Cost of Conducting a Dental Practice."

PMID- 385671
TI  - Irreverent recollections from Cooke and Coca, 1928-1978.

PMID- 385673
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. I. Forward.

PMID- 385672
TI  - Allergy and clinical immunology: fifty years from now.

PMID- 385674
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. II. The American
      Association for the Study of Allergy.

PMID- 385675
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. III. The Society for the
      Study of Asthma and Allied Conditions.

PMID- 385676
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. IV. The Eastern, the
      Western, and amalgamation.

PMID- 385677
TI  - The American Academy of allergy: an historical reivew. V. Publications: the
      Journal of Allergy.

PMID- 385678
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. VI. Standards and
      certification.

PMID- 385679
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. VII. Research.

PMID- 385680
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. VIII. The Asthma and
      Allergy Foundation of America.

PMID- 385681
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. IX. International
      activities.

PMID- 385682
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. X. Education.

PMID- 385683
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. XI. Self-evaluation.

PMID- 385684
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. XII. Liaison and
      cooperative endeavors.

PMID- 385685
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. XIII. Honors and awards.

PMID- 385686
TI  - The American Academy of Allergy: an historical review. XIV. Afterthoughts: a
      summing up.

PMID- 385687
TI  - Presidents of American allergy societies.

PMID- 385688
TI  - Presidential addresses. Foreword: the issues.

PMID- 385689
TI  - The state of allergy.

PMID- 385690
TI  - A new viewpoint on allergy.

PMID- 385691
TI  - Medical views of depression in the elderly: historical notes.
AB  - Ancient Greek and Roman physicians recognized the high prevalence of depressive
      illness in old age and began to differentiate the major mental syndromes of the
      elderly. Greek humoral theory connected black bile, melancholia and old age, and
      this formulation dominated medical thinking until the seventeenth century.
      Beginning with the Enlightenment and continuing throughout most of the nineteenth
      century, physicians spurned the idea that old age and depression were linked, or
      tended to view depression as evidence of brain decay. Although twentieth century
      studies have confirmed that depression in the elderly is a common illness,
      usually self-limiting and rarely coexisting with dementia, these views have been
      incompletely incorporated into modern medical practice.

PMID- 385692
TI  - Rapid slide technique with dextranomer beads for bacteriologic assessment of
      wounds in the elderly: comparison with quantitative biopsy method.
AB  - A rapid slide technique to provide quantitative bacteriologic assessment of
      wounds in elderly and debilitated patients is described. It involves the use of
      material from dextranomer-bead (Debrisan) wound dressings to replace tissue
      biopsy for deciding when a wound is ready for closure or when a specific therapy
      is no longer efficacious. In 27 patients an 81 percent correlation was
      demonstrated between the bacterial count as determined by the new method and that
      determined by the more complicated tissue biopsy.

PMID- 385693
TI  - The nation's children: do federal programs provide adequate eye/vision care?
AB  - Government involvement in child health programs is traced from the 1910 White
      House Conference on Children to current federal programs. This paper discussed
      the provisions, problems and anticipated changes in four of the leading federal
      programs offering eye/vision care.

PMID- 385694
TI  - Visual development.
AB  - This paper summarizes the postnatal development of the visual system in a format
      that separates the various parts and functions into Input Components,
      Transmitting Components, Integrative Mechanisms, and Visually Induced Cognitive
      Behaviour. This treatment of a number of studies and philosophies that comprise
      the field of infants' vision indicates that most components and mechanisms are
      fully operative by the end of the second year of life.

PMID- 385695
TI  - The mosaic wart--fifty years old.

PMID- 385696
TI  - [Corneoscleral autograft in dog (author's transl)].

PMID- 385697
TI  - [Implantation of intraocular lens in keratoplasty with cataract extraction
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A combined operation a) keratoplasty; b) cataract extraction; c) iridocapsular
      implant must be advised when a corneal opacity and a cataract require both a
      surgical treatment. Six months after surgery, functional results are good in 4
      cases/5.

PMID- 385698
TI  - [Yesterday's, today's and tomorrow's keratoplasties].

PMID- 385701
TI  - Effects of estrogen on 3H-leucine uptake by the hypothalamus and pituitary:
      correlation with hypothalamic and serum LHRH and LH.
AB  - An injection of estradiol benzoate (EB, 5 microgram/rat) to ovariectomized rats
      suppressed serum LH levels 2, 4, 8 and 24 h later; serum LHRH levels were
      unaltered but the LHRH content in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) was
      significantly elevated at 24 h. EB treatment also modified the sensitivity of the
      pituitary to LHRH administration: a rapid decrease at 4 h followed by an
      augmentation in LH release at 8 and 24 h. 3H-Leucine incorporation into proteins
      of the pituitary and neural tissues was unaffected for 4 h following EB treatment
      at the time when serum LH and the responsiveness of the pituitary to LHRH were
      clearly depressed. However, a marked increase in 3H-leucine incorporation into
      the proteins of the pituitary alone occurred at 8, 16 and 24 h after EB
      treatment, coincident with the enhanced pituitary sensitivity to LHRH. These
      studies showed that estrogen promoted storage of LHRH in the MBH and alteration
      in protein metabolism may be an important initial step in the estrogen-induced
      augmentation of the pituitary responsiveness to LHRH.

PMID- 385699
TI  - [Value of perforating keratoplasty in the treatment of chronic oedemas of the
      cornea (author's transl)].
AB  - A total of 75 cases of chronic diffuse or central oedemas of the cornea were
      treated, and the modern techniques of perforating keratoplasty used gave 68% of
      good anatomical results for all the various etiologies taken together. Prognosis
      varies according to whether there is one or many etiological factors. In "simple"
      cases with a single etiopathogenic mechanism, 88% of good anatomical results were
      obtained and the patient has a 50% chance of recuperating visual acuity from 5 to
      10/10 Pa2. In "complex" cases, or when surgical treatment of the oedema had been
      previously attempted, only 30% of good anatomical results were obtained and there
      is a 60% chance of not helping the patient in any way.

PMID- 385700
TI  - [Keratoplasty. Urgent treatment of the corneal perforation (author's transl)].
AB  - Sixteen keratoplasties (15 perforating, 1 lamellar) were performed on 12
      perforated corneas and on 2 eyes threatened by imminent corneal perforation. The
      causal disease was metaherpetic keratitis (6 cases), chronic and recurrent ulcers
      (4 cases), acute keratoconus (1 case) and corneal traumas (3 cases). Enucleation
      has been avoided and the anterior chamber was restored in all the cases, with or
      without anterior synechiae. One case only developed ocular hypertension which was
      cured by fistulisation. Architectonic results are satisfying in all the cases.
      Recuperation of visual functions is possible only in the most favourable cases.
      It is indicated to perform keratoplasty before the perforation when this one
      seems unavoidable and to consider this surgical procedrue as an emergency when
      the cornea is perforated.

PMID- 385702
TI  - Adrenal and gonadal steroids and pituitary response to LHRH in girls. II.
      Precocious puberty.
AB  - Three baby girls between 22 and 30 months of age, presenting with isosexual
      idiopathic precocious puberty apparently not due to any organic cause, were
      studied. Basal levels of plasma steroids of adrenal and gonadal origin, circadian
      rhythm of plasma cortisol, and pituitary response to 25 microgram of LHRH were
      evaluated. All cases were characterized by high levels of plasma gonadotropins
      and by a marked response to exogenous LHRH. Normal cortisol circadia rhythm was
      found in all cases, one of which characterized by slightly raised plasma values.
      The other adrenal steroids were all higher than those expected for the
      chronological age, corresponding to those of 5-6 years old girls. On the other
      hand, steroids of both adrenal and ovarian (A, T) or mainly ovarian origin (E2)
      and DHT were all found to be higher than those normally reported in girls at
      stage 2 of sexual development. These data indicate a hypersecretion of
      gonadotropins in idiopathic isosexual precocious puberty, with a marked gonadal
      steroidogenetic response. The secretion of adrenal androgens does not appear to
      have an important role in the etiology of this condition.

PMID- 385703
TI  - Pathogenesis of neonatal Graves' disease.

PMID- 385704
TI  - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a review of
      current knowledge.

PMID- 385706
TI  - A literature review of treatment options for mentally disabled old people.

PMID- 385707
TI  - [The antibacterial activity of amniotic fluid with a correlation between zinc
      phosphorus concentrations (author's transl)].
AB  - Antibacterial activity of 22 amniotic fluids collected at different stage of
      pregnancy have been tested against different types of staphylococci: 209 P, 2961
      and Escherichia Coli OMS and 83. At the same time zinc and phosphorus
      concentration in these fluids have been measured. 77 p. 100 of those fluids
      present an antibacterial activity, but no correlation has been found with their
      concentration in zinc and phosphorus. Probably this activity is multifactorial
      and further studies need to be done to identify the factor or factors responsible
      for that antibacterial activity.

PMID- 385705
TI  - Pituitary response to LHRH during the puerperium in women.
AB  - Five breast-feeding women received 100 mug synthetic LHRH at between 19 and 58
      days post-partum. One subject was treated twice. LH and FSH responses were
      monitored using radioimmunoassay. In four women treated at 19,21,29 and 51 days
      post-partum, the FSH response was greater than the LH response which was absent
      altogether in three of these women. In two women who were treated at 52 and 58
      days both LH and FSH levels was elevated with the LH response being greater than
      the FSH response. This change in the pattern of pituitary response is considered
      in relation to the post-partum anovulatory condition.

PMID- 385708
TI  - [The importance of Lancefield Group B streptococci (S. agalactiae) in gynaecology
      and obstetrics (author's transl)].
AB  - A bacteriological study of 10,962 vaginal swabs has made it possible to work out
      the percentage of women who are carriers of Group B streptococci in their
      vaginas. The count varies between 9.43 and 17.25 per cent according to the
      different populations that were studied. Serotyping of the strains of 1,030
      vaginal specimens was carried out and it was found that serotypes II and III
      predominated. We have been able to study 27 strains responsible for infection in
      the early neonatal period such as septicaemia or meningitis at the same time as
      we were studying the vaginal flora. The distribution of the serotypes illustrates
      a predominance of types 1c and III in 70 per cent of cases. Contamination between
      the mother and the child is obvious but in 95 per cent of cases the strain
      isolated in the infected child was of the same serotype as that which was
      isolated in the mother. Group B streptococci are still very sensitive to
      antibiotics and particularly to the penicillins. It does seem to us to be
      unrealistic to treat with antibiotics prophylactically in pregnancy. On the other
      hand careful attention to the newborn and careful bacteriological study of
      multiple specimens taken from the skin and the orifices gives easy screening for
      the germ and the possibility of treating infants that are grossly contaminated.

PMID- 385709
TI  - [Cancer of the endometrium. The evaluation of high risk cases (author's transl)].
AB  - The epidemiology of cancer of the endometrium has been reviewed by going through
      the literature in order to find a high risk category. A particular type seems to
      be discernable: obestiy, endometrial hyperplasia, and the contribution of
      endogenous or exogenous oestrogens and lack of progesterone are the most marked
      elements. These factors for cancer of the endometrium are similar to those for
      cancer of the breast. It has been astonishing to find that these two hormone
      dependent cancers have a very similar background.

PMID- 385710
TI  - [Vesico-uterine fistulae after Caesarean operation (author's transl)].
AB  - The vesico-uterine fistulae represent 4 per cent of all urogenital fistulae. They
      are rare and are found almost always after Caesarean operation. We have been able
      to find in the literature 110 vesico-uterine fistulae after Caesarean operation.
      They very rarely fail to be diagnosed if careful post-operative examination is
      made and the majority of them are discovered in the year following delivery.
      Urinary incontinence is the most common reason for consultation. More uncommon is
      amenorrhoea with menstruation through the bladder. Incontinent women are under
      constant threat of ascending urinary tract infection. Finally these women,
      whether they are incontinent or amenorrhoeic, are sterile. Their fertility
      remains diminished even after surgical cure of the fistula. The only treatment
      for those who complain of the condition is surgery. It should be undertaken after
      a careful gynaecological and urological assessment.

PMID- 385711
TI  - [Bret's plastic operation on the uterus (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparison of our results with those in the literature confirms that Bret's
      plastic operation on the uterus is valuable in the cure of septate uterus with
      two cavities in infertile patients who have had several spontaneous abortions. In
      spite of this it is advisable to take care to select cases and to be guided by
      the classical indications for plastic operation on the uterus. The number of
      abortions (more than 2) is the major criterion but it is often difficult to
      confirm that the infertility which results is due to the malformation and not to
      associated pathology. The problem is even more complex when it is a question of
      sterility rather than repeated abortions.

PMID- 385712
TI  - Maximum allowable cost: can the government control drug costs?
AB  - In 1973 the federal government moved to limit drug reimbursement to providers in
      federally sponsored or supported programs, to the lowest cost at which the drug
      is generally and consistently available unless a difference in therapeutic effect
      can be demonstrated between the brand name and generic drug. This paper examines
      the political evolution and rationale for this program and explores the issues
      surrounding the ongoing controversy regarding publicly financed programs offering
      drug benefits. The authors speculate that the government's first attempt to
      control prices of pharmaceuticals, prior to enactment of some form of national
      health insurance, if successful, will call forth pharmaceutical industry
      strategies which could negate program benefits.

PMID- 385714
TI  - Distal extension partial dentures: a rationale for stability.

PMID- 385764
TI  - Comparison of the protective efficacies of the live vaccine RIT 4025 and an
      inactivated vaccine against a natural heterologous A/Victoria/3/75 infection.
AB  - A clinical trial was initiated in South Africa before the winter season of 1976.
      The study involved 253 volunteers divided into three groups of vaccinees and one
      control group. Two groups of vaccinees were inoculated with either one or two
      doses at 2 weeks' interval (10(7.2) EID 50/dose) of the RIT 4025 live recombinant
      strain [A/Scotland/840/74 (H3N2) serotype] and one group received one injection
      of an inactivated vaccine [A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2), 360 i.u.,
      A/Scotland/840/74 (H3N2), 300 i.u. and B/Hong Kong/8/73, 300 i.u./dose]. The
      serum antihaemagglutinin antibody responses against the heterologous
      A/Victoria/3/75 strain as measured by the single radial haemolysis test were
      satisfactory and not statistically different in all groups of vaccinees. On the
      other hand, the antineuraminidase antibody response was better in the group
      receiving the killed vaccine. At the end of the influenza season, A/Victoria/3/75
      infections were confirmed serologically. Only 12% of the infections were
      symptomatic. The infection rate was significantly reduced in the live vaccine
      groups, whereas in the killed vaccine group the percentage of infection was lower
      but not significantly different from that in the placebo group.

PMID- 385765
TI  - Clostridium botulinum in soil on the site of the former Metropolitan (Caledonian)
      Cattle Market, London.
AB  - Sixty soil samples were collected from the redeveloped site of the former
      Metropolitan (Caledonian) Cattle Market, Islington, London. Of these, 15 (25%)
      contained Clostridium botulinum and no less than four types (B, C, D and E) were
      demonstrated. Early British soil surveys suggested that only 4--8% of samples
      contained Cl. botulinum (type A or B). Although there can be no absolute proof,
      it seems likely that the striking prevalence at the Market site was the result of
      faecal contamination by a small proportion of the many millions of farm animals
      brought there from elsewhere. The distribution of Clostridium tetani was uneven,
      but of 18 soil samples taken from one area of the Market site, 16 (89%) were
      positive.

PMID- 385713
TI  - Statistical and other data-analytic techniques for the evaluation researcher: an
      identification, classification, and description of methods and resources.
AB  - The goal of any social/health intervention program is to improve the lot of the
      people it is designed to serve. Of critical importance is the development and
      implementation of programs able to achieve such a goal is evaluation research
      (ER)--a process representing an interface between the generic notion of
      evaluation and the rigor of social research methodology. The evaluation
      researcher should be familiar with, and be capable of using, any of a number of
      (statistical and non-statistical) data-analytic techniques. The objectives of
      this discussion, therefore, are to (1) identify, categorize, and briefly describe
      statistical and other data-analytic techniques of potential use to the evaluation
      researchers; and (2) identify currently available resources, i.e., texts, books
      of readings, monographs, etc., that offer discussions and analyses of these
      techniques. It is hoped that such an exposition will lead to a wider
      understanding, acceptance, and use of these procedures, which can only enhance
      the quality of subsequent program policy- and decisionmaking.

PMID- 385766
TI  - Bacteriostasis of Escherichia coli by milk. III. The activity and stability of
      early, transitional and mature human milk collected locally.
AB  - Milk from 150 local mothers has been assayed for bacteriostatic activity for milk
      sensitive and milk-resistant indicator strains of Escherichia coli. Activity is
      greatest in colostrum which is active directly against all strains of E. coli.
      One week after delivery of the baby, milk is active against the milk-sensitive
      strain and becomes active against the milk-resistant strain in the presence of
      physiological amounts of bicarbonate and iron-binding protein. This activity
      decreases within 2--4 days on keeping milk unheated at 4 degrees C but is
      preserved for at least 4 months and often up to 2 years in milk heated to 56
      degrees C then stored at 4 degrees C or in milk frozen, unheated, at -28 degrees
      C provided it is not repeatedly thawed and frozen. Later lactation milks are
      usually indistinguishable in activity from 1-week post-partum milk but may be
      less stable on storage particularly if frozen. Lyophyilization in vacuo preserves
      activity of early-lactation milk for at least 6 months. Heating milk to above 65
      degrees C causes a progressive loss of activity which can be partially restored
      by adding bicarbonate and iron-binding protein. Iron abolishes the activity of
      milk and reduces that of colostrum.

PMID- 385768
TI  - Microbial contamination of pharmaceutical products in the home.
AB  - One thousand, nine hundred and seventy-seven pharmaceutical products used in the
      home were examined for microbial contamination. Viable micro-organisms were
      recovered from 14.0% of samples. Medicines used in the home are apparently not
      exposed to the same opportunities for contamination as those used in hospital.

PMID- 385767
TI  - Bacteriostasis of Escherichia coli by milk. IV. The bacteriostatic antibody of
      human milk.
AB  - Bacteriostatic activity for milk-sensitive and milk-resistant strains of
      Escherichia coli is reduced when IgA is removed from milk by precipitation.
      Lysozyme is not involved in bacteriostasis and can be removed without loss of
      activity; heavy bentonite absorption however removes some lactoferrin causing
      partial loss of activity. The heat-labile antigen eliciting bacteriostatic
      antibody for E. coli is present in milk-sensitive and milk-resistant strains and
      in some other Enterobacteriaceae, e.g. salmonella; it cross reacts with the
      antigen in others, e.g. proteus and enterobacter. The antibody is therefore
      likely to be present in all human milk as a result of the normal commensal gut
      flora and with widespread activity.

PMID- 385770
TI  - The distribution of plasmids determining citrate utilization in citrate-positive
      variants of Escherichia coli from humans, domestic animals, feral birds and
      environments.
AB  - Sixty-seven isolates of citrate-positive variants of Escherichia coli were
      isolated from human, domestic animal, feral bird and environmental sources. With
      the exception of citrate utilization, all isolates were identified as typical E.
      coli by their biochemical reactions. The transmission of the ability to utilize
      citrate on Simmons' citrate agar was demonstrated in 53 (79.1%) out of the 67
      citrate-positive E. coli variants obtained from various sources. Drug resistance
      determinants and citrate utilizing character were co-transmitted into E. coli K
      12 by conjugation among citrate-positive E. coli isolates carrying R plasmids
      except for that isolated from horses. The other characters (haemolysin or colicin
      production, raffinose or sucrose fermentation) were not transmitted together with
      the citrate utilizing character. These facts suggested that the structural gene
      responsible for citrate utilizing ability in citrate-positive variants of E. coli
      was located on a conjugative plasmid.

PMID- 385769
TI  - The effect on the virulence and infectivity of Salmonella typhimurium and
      Salmonella gallinarum of acquiring antibiotic resistance plasmids from organisms
      that had caused serious outbreaks of disease.
AB  - Antibiotic resistance plasmids from organisms that had caused serious epidemics,
      including those responsible for epidemics of chloramphenicol-resistant typhoid
      fever and dysentery in Central America, were transferred to a strain of
      Salmonella typhimurium and of Salmonella gallinarum. The virulence and
      infectivity of these R(+) forms were then compared with the R(-) parent forms in
      orally inoculated chickens.None of the R(+) forms were more virulent than their
      R(-) parent forms. The mortality rates they produced were either the same as or
      less than that of their R(-) parent forms. The mortality rates were not increased
      by feeding the chickens on diets containing antibiotics against which the
      plasmids provided resistance.The removal of the plasmids from some R(+) forms of
      decreased virulence was not accompanied by any alteration in virulence,
      indicating that they were less virulent mutants of the parent strain that had
      conjugated preferentially. In other cases their virulence was increased,
      indicating that the very possession of the plasmid was involved in their
      decreased virulence. Of four forms of the S. gallinarum strain harbouring the
      plasmid that had been incriminated in the Central American dysentery outbreak,
      one was as virulent as the parent R(-) form and the other three were less
      virulent. Preferential conjugation by an avirulent mutant was responsible for the
      lack of virulence of one of them but the very possession of the plasmid appeared
      responsible for the decreased virulence of the other two. The decreased virulence
      of de-repressed F(+) and I(+) forms of the S. typhimurium strain was increased to
      that of repressed F(+) form and of the parent form by plasmid removal.Organisms
      of the R(+) forms of the S. typhimurium strain were not excreted in larger
      amounts or for longer periods of time by infected chickens than organisms of the
      R(-) parent form were. Neither did organisms of the R(+) forms of this strain or
      the S. gallinarum strain spread more rapidly or more extensively from infected
      chickens to in-contact chickens than organisms of the R(-) parent forms did. When
      antibiotics against which the infecting R(+) organisms provided resistance were
      included in the diet of these chickens the R(+) organisms were usually excreted
      in greater amounts, for longer periods of time and spread more rapidly and more
      extensively from the infected chickens to the in-contact chickens.

PMID- 385771
TI  - A solid-phase enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of African
      swine fever virus antigen and antibody.
AB  - A solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to measure both
      African swine fever virus (ASFV) antigen and antibody. Experiments showed it to
      be reproducible and able to detect limiting antigen concentrations of 50--500
      HAD50/ml. The assay was more sensitive than those used at present to detect ASFV
      antibody and it is suggested that it might be of great diagnostic use in
      countries where African swine fever has recently appeared.

PMID- 385773
TI  - Functional characterization of mouse T lymphocytes with IgM-Fc receptors. I.
      Studies on ADCC and helper cell function.
AB  - The function of mouse T lymphocytes with receptors for IgM-Fc was analyzed by
      using immunofluorescence and a column separation method. The cellular uptake of
      FITC-IgM was inhibited with unlabeled Fc5 mu. IgM-FcR+ cells were active in ADCC
      against IgM-sensitized target cells, but not against IgG-coated target cells. The
      cells mediating ADCC with IgM antibody were shown to be distinct and physically
      separable from those mediating ADCC with IgG antibody. Helper T lymphocytes for
      humoral antibody formation in a hapten-carrier system were shown to be IgM-FcR+
      and Fc-IgG-.

PMID- 385772
TI  - Murine B cell leukemia (BCL1): organ distribution and kinetics of growth as
      determined by fluorescence analysis with an anti-idiotypic antibody.
AB  - The life history of a transplantable B cell leukemia (BCL1) that arose
      spontaneously in a BALB/c mouse is described. Animals bearing this tumor live
      from 2 to 4 months in apparently good health despite massive splenomegaly and
      leukemia. Antibody to the idiotype or gamma light chain of the tumor IgM was used
      in conjunction with the fluorescence-activated cell sorter to identify tumor
      cells in the BCL1-bearing mice. The results suggest that these cells multiply and
      differentiate in the spleen and subsequently emigrate to the blood. Tumor cells
      do not recirculate as evidenced by their failure to enter the thoracic duct or to
      infiltrate lymph nodes to a significant extent. During tumor growth, a population
      of T cell blasts appears that may be involved with an immune response against the
      tumor.

PMID- 385774
TI  - Differential growth of allogeneic bone marrow and leukemia cells in irradiated
      guinea pigs.

PMID- 385775
TI  - Maturation of bursal stem cells within allogeneic or syngeneic bursal
      microenvironment: acquisition of postbursal maturity.
AB  - Differentiation of bursal stem cells in an allogeneic or syngeneic bursal
      microenvironment was compared. Bursal stem cells were transplanted into CY
      treated 4-day-old recipients and permitted to differentiate in these hosts for 6
      weeks. Their maturity degree was thereafter assessed by transplanting them into
      secondary recipients by using morphologic and functional criteria. As the
      secondary recipients 4-day-old CY-treated or CY-treated and surgically
      bursectomized chicks were used. The results obtained demonstrate that bursal stem
      cells develop to mature postbursal cells also within an allogeneic bursa. They
      also indicate that although the interaction of different lymphoid cells requires
      histocompatibility, the interaction between stromal cells in the bursa and
      lymphoid progenitors is not genetically restricted.

PMID- 385776
TI  - Surface Ig isotypes on cells responding to lipopolysaccharide by IgM and IgG
      secretion.
AB  - Using the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS), we have investigated the Ig
      isotypes present on murine B cells, which can be polyclonally activated by
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in low cell density cultures. The LPS response was
      partly inhibited as a result of staining with anti-IgD and anti-IgM reagents, but
      not with anti-IgG reagents. The IgM+, IgD+, or IgG- fractionated cell populations
      gave both an IgM and an IgG response comparable to controls, whereas the response
      of the IgM-, IgD- cells was 5- to 20-fold lower. IgG- cells separated 1 day after
      LPS stimulation could still mount an IgM and IgG response indistinguishable from
      controls at the peak of the response. It is concluded that IgM+, IgD+, IgG- cells
      constitute the major LPS-sensitive cell population in the low cell density
      culture system and that IgG is not a necessary cell surface isotype for
      precursors of IgG-secreting cells.

PMID- 385777
TI  - Mobility and density of AgB, "Ia", and Fc receptors on the surface of lymphocytes
      from young and old rats.
AB  - Analysis of spleen cell populations from old Lewis rats (greater than 24 months)
      and from young Lewis rats (3 to 4 months) in a fluorescence-activated cell sorter
      indicated that with aging there is a loss of brightly stained Ia and Fc receptor-
      (FcR) positive cells. The density of AgB, Ia, and FcR was diminished on the
      surface of cells from old rats. The rate of capping of all three membrane
      proteins was slower on cells from old rats. Colchicine treatment allows capping
      of AgB with a single ligand only in young rats. Fluorescence photobleach recovery
      experiments (FPR) show that the fluidity of the lymphocyte membrane from old rats
      is diminished and the lateral diffusion of AgB is decreased. The colchicine and
      FPR experiments suggest that the changes in capping in old rats are due to, in
      part, alterations in membrane fluidity and cytoskeletal function.

PMID- 385778
TI  - Mechanisms of action of hyperimmune serum in mediating protective immunity to
      rodent malaria (Plasmodium berghei).

PMID- 385779
TI  - Response of a continuous macrophage-like cell line to MIF.

PMID- 385780
TI  - Macrophage stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides. III. Selective
      unresponsiveness of C3H/HeJ macrophages to the lipid A differentiation signal.
AB  - Peritoneal macrophages from the endotoxin-unresponsive C3H/HeJ substrain of mice
      were entirely refractory to activation in vitro by protein-free LPS, a defect
      that was not overcome by co-culture of spleen cells from the responder C3H/St
      substrain with LPS resistant C3H/HeJ macrophages. The defect in responsiveness
      appears confined to the lipid A activation signal since C3H/HeJ macrophages were
      fully activated after in vitro treatment by lipid A protein (LAP)--LPS complex,
      isolated LAP, and BCG. Moreover, after exposure to allogeneic tumor cells in
      vivo, C3H/HeJ macrophages were cytotoxic for tumor target cells in vitro. By
      contrast, macrophages from the responder C3H/St strain were fully activated by
      protein-free LPS to become cytolytic for tumor cells in vitro. C3H/HeJ
      macrophages, therefore, exhibit a highly selective defect characterized by
      unresponsiveness to the lipid A activation signal of protein-free LPS and
      resistance to the toxic effects of high concentrations of LPS that were lethal to
      the responder C3H/St strain.

PMID- 385781
TI  - Presence of circulating anti-H-2 antibody and cell-mediated precursors in
      successful DBA/2J-plus-(DBA/2J X C3H/HeJ)F1 parabiosed mice.

PMID- 385782
TI  - A cell surface antigen, TER, expressed by embryos and germ cells.
AB  - An antiserum prepared in rabbits against the C3HeB/FeJ mouse ovarian
      teratocarcinoma E6496 was absorbed in vivo in C3HeB/FeJ mice. This absored
      antiserum identified an antigen, denoted TER, that is present on sperm, ova,
      embryonic germ cells, and cells of the early mouse embryo. TER was absent from
      all adult somatic cells tested, but found on several murine tumors.

PMID- 385783
TI  - Effect of protease pretreatment on immunomorphologic demonstration of hepatitis-B
      surface antigen in conventional paraffin-embedded liver biopsy material:
      quantitative evaluation.
AB  - The effect of protease pretreatment on the demonstration of hepatitis-B-surface
      antigen by immunofluorescence (IF) and the unlabeled peroxidase-antiperoxidase
      technique (PAP) in conventionally processed (formalin-fixed, paraffin-emmbedded)
      liver biopsy material was quantitatively assessed by microphotometry. Protease
      digestion significantly enhances the intensity of specific staining by both
      methods, and, in addition, suppresses non-specific background fluorescence. The
      sensitivity of the immunomorphologic test is significantly enhanced, and antigen
      in low amounts, for example hepatitis-B-surface antigen associated with liver
      cell membrane ('membrane' staining), is easily detected.

PMID- 385784
TI  - Red cell-linked antibody assay for detection of antigenic markers on cell
      surfaces.
AB  - A direct method for demonstrating antigenic markers on cell surface has been
      developed which makes use of the ability of bovine red blood cells coated with
      protein A of Staphylococcus aureus (ES) to binding IgG antibody without
      agglutinating. Red cell-linked rabbit IgG antibody reagents (ESA) were prepared
      in this way, and Ig-, IgM- and Thy-1-bearing mouse spleen and peripheral blood
      lymphocytes were identified by a rosette assay.

PMID- 385785
TI  - Direct tissue isoelectric focusing in agarose.
AB  - We are isoelectric focusing small amounts of tissues placed directly on
      electroendosmosis-free agarose gels instead of using the saline extracts of
      tissue homogenates. More numerous proteins are extracted during isoelectric
      focusing of the solid tissues than present in the same tissues.

PMID- 385787
TI  - An enzyme-immunoassay method for detecting circulating immune complexes by
      inhibition of polyclonal rheumatoid factor.

PMID- 385786
TI  - A micro method for enumerating T and B cells in mouse peripheral blood.
AB  - A micro method has been devised to assess T and B cells in mouse peripheral
      blood. This technique permits simultaneous determination of B lymphocytes and
      monocytes. T lymphocytes are determined by a cytotoxicity assay. Tests require
      only 0.2 ml of whole blood and avoid the loss of certain cell populations
      secondary to flotation separation techniques. Percentages of IgM and IgG bearing
      B lymphocytes, Thy-1 bearing T lymphocytes as well as monocytes in mouse
      peripheral blood were determined in a total of 50 mice of 11 different strains.

PMID- 385788
TI  - A rapid, inexpensive and easily quantified assay for phagocytosis and
      microbicidal activity of macrophages and neutrophils.
AB  - The objective of the present study was to develop a technique to quantitate the
      phagocytic and intracellular microbicidal activity in different populations of
      phagocytes, i.e. neutrophils and macrophages. Elicited peritoneal neutrophils and
      macrophages as well as alveolar macrophages and adherent splenic macrophages were
      used as representative cell types. The method to assess intracellular killing was
      based upon dye uptake and concentration by a dead micro-organism; methylene blue
      was used as the indicator dye and the test organism was Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
      Phagocytosis was measured by counting, microscopically, the number of ingested
      yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) within the neutrophils or macrophages. A number
      of killed yeast, i.e., those which took up the dye, were readily visualized. The
      temporal pattern of phagocytosis and killing was determined concurrently. Splenic
      macrophages demonstrated the slowest phagocytic activity whereas neutrophils and
      alveolar macrophages manifested a similar phagocytic activity. Peritoneal
      macrophages exhibited a continuous increase in activity throughout the test
      period. Microbicidal activity was similar for all 4 cells types. The new
      technique for measuring phagocytosis and killing provides a rapid, inexpensive
      and easily quantified assay for assessing discrete phagocytic cell functions.

PMID- 385789
TI  - Genetic control of anti-DNP response to DNP-BSA given by continuous infusion
      technique.
AB  - Ten inbred strains of mice were administrated with dinitrophenyl-bovine serum
      albumin (DNP-BSA) at a dose of 30 or 300 microgram/day by continuous infusion
      technique. Anti-DNP plaque-forming cells (PFC) in their spleens were assayed 10
      to 12 days after the beginning of the infusion. NZB, BALB/c, C3H/He and NC
      strains were high responders to both doses of DNP-BSA. KK, SII and TES strains
      were low responders at both doses. SJL/J, C57B1/6 and DDD strains were
      intermediate responders: the antibody response was low to the dose of 30
      microgram/day, and high to the dose of 300 microgram/day. Breeding tests between
      high responder BALB/c and intermediate responder DDD mice indicated that the
      immune response was largely controlled by a gene linked to the H-2 complex.
      Similar studies with high responder NZB and low responder TES mice suggested an
      involvement of a few genes: at least one of the controlling genes may be linked
      to the H-2 complex.

PMID- 385790
TI  - Updating dental treatment procedures.

PMID- 385791
TI  - [Profile of Professor Egami (author's transl)].

PMID- 385792
TI  - [Congratulating Professor Tamikazu Amako on receiving the First Order of Merit].

PMID- 385793
TI  - [Directory of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association, 1977. Supplement (2)].

PMID- 385794
TI  - [Application of 4-META on adhesive opaque resin. (Part 1) Adhesive strength and
      the stability (author's transl)].
AB  - Mechanical devices, which has been conventionally used for retaining thermo
      setting acrylic resin veneers possesses disadvantage of poor marginal sealing and
      requires rather complicated procedure applying on the metal casting. An
      application of adhesive resins to overcome these disadvantages was studied.
      Adhesive opaque resin consisted of MMA, epoxy acrylate, TiO2 and adhesive monomer
      4-META was prepared and the adhesive bonding strength between the opaque resin
      and Ni-Cr alloy which is for crown and bridge works, was measured. As the
      results, the opaque resin applied on the metal casting with proper surface
      treatment showed an excellent adhesive bonding strength of 260 kg/cm2. This value
      did not decreased even after subjected to 300 time thermal cyclings (4 degrees C
      and 60 degrees C). After a three months immersion in water at 37 degrees C,
      adhesive bonding strength decreased slightly to 190 kg/cm2.

PMID- 385795
TI  - The Kansas Medical Society--1979-1980.

PMID- 385796
TI  - A case report of histocytic lymphoma demonstrated by ultrasound and nuclear
      medicine methods.

PMID- 385797
TI  - The posterior palatal seal.

PMID- 385798
TI  - The beginning of the Medical School of the University of Kentucky--the political
      and scientific background.

PMID- 385800
TI  - Clinical hypnodontics: practical uses of hypnosis in everyday dentistry.

PMID- 385799
TI  - Recent research and its relevance to clinical otology.

PMID- 385801
TI  - Pancreatic colipase: chemistry and physiology.

PMID- 385802
TI  - Rights, health care, and public policy.

PMID- 385803
TI  - Physicians and the dying: a historical sketch.
AB  - The tradition fo Western medicine established during the period of classical
      antiquity and extending through the early modern period encouraged the physician
      to avoid or to refuse to treat the seriously and/or terminally ill patient. The
      cultural environment and general attitudes toward death and dying helped to
      maintain this practice. Since the nineteenth century, however, the physician has
      increasingly accepted more responsibility, until he has become the central figure
      in management of the terminally ill patient. This paper examines the evolution of
      the relationship between the physician and the dying patient with the intention
      of illuminating various factors which helped to determine that relationship.

PMID- 385804
TI  - The origin of yolk-DNA in Xenopus laevis.
AB  - Xenopus laevis serum and plasma was found to contain an average of 25 microgram
      DNA/ml. Isolated X. laevis oocytes incubated in medium containing 25 microgram
      DNA/ml labeled with either 125I, 32P or 14C and from three different sources
      (bovine, E. coli and X. laevis), incorporated the label at an average rate of
      0.11 ng.mm-2.hr-1. Sucrose gradient fractionation of oocytes revealed that 40-75%
      of the acid-precipitable label incorporated was associated with the yolk
      platelets. Additional incubations of oocytes in unlabeled medium demonstrated
      that the DNA incorporated into the yolk platelets was undergoing turnover; only
      20% of the yolk-associated DNA was still present after a one-week incubation. Our
      data suggest that yolk-DNA arises by the adventitious uptake of DNA present in
      the maternal serum by vitellogenic oocytes.

PMID- 385805
TI  - Biochemical and morphological study of the liver injury induced by drugs and
      chemicals.

PMID- 385806
TI  - Serologic diagnosis of human infections with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus:
      comparative evaluation of seven methods.
AB  - The aim of this work was to compare different procedures for the serodiagnosis of
      human infections with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus and to single
      out those which are both reliable and practicable. By the use of 46 sera from as
      many persons who had undergone infection with this virus either some time in the
      past or very recently and of 26 control sera, seven methods were evaluated. For
      making a rapid diagnosis soon after infection, determination of antibody by the
      immunofluorescence procedure appears to be the method of choice. Of equal
      reliability, though less easy to perform, is demonstration of sensitizing
      antibody by a plaque reduction assay, this procedure having the additional
      advantage of detecting antibody many years after infection, probably for life.
      For the demonstration of neutralizing antibody, three of four methods which were
      analyzed in this study gave the expected information, two employing mice, one
      employing cell cultures for the determination of residual infectivity.
      Neutralizing antibody was found to appear relatively late after infection and
      cannot, therefore, be recommended for the demonstration of seroconversion early
      in covalescence. This antibody, however, persists for many years, presumably
      lifelong, and is well suited to detect infections with this virus if they have
      occurred in the more distant past. Based on previous observations by ourselves
      and others, as well as on the work reported here, the complement fixation test
      appears to be of little value for the serological diagnosis of infection with LCM
      virus.

PMID- 385807
TI  - Single case study. Diazepam (Valium) detoxification.
AB  - In the chronic abuser, diazepam (Valium) withdrawal can be a protracted event. In
      this report a case is presented of a 37-year-old Caucasian female who had been
      ingesting 60 to 80 mg of diazepam daily for 8 years. Twelve days following
      discontinuation of the drug, the patient continued to experience diarrhea,
      restlessness, emotional lability, and anxiety. Serial blood levels of diazepam
      and desmethyldiazepam were acquired and found to yield significant levels of
      desmethyldiazepam for 21 days and greater than trace amounts for 30 days. The
      results were interpreted as consistent with the slow release of the drug from
      peripheral storage sites. The prolonged period needed for detoxification in this
      patient raises important question regarding the appropriate length of
      hospitalization or close supervision required to withdraw the diazepam addict.

PMID- 385808
TI  - Fitzgerald, F. Scott. " Tender is the Night". Journal of Nervous and Mental
      Disease 82: 115-117, 1935.

PMID- 385809
TI  - The role of blood-brain barrier transport of tryptophan and other neutral amino
      acids in the regulation of substrate-limited pathways of brain amino acid
      metabolism.
AB  - Many pathways of essential neutral amino acid metabolism in the CNS are
      influenced by precursor availability. Since the delivery of circulating amino
      acids to brain cells is primarily controlled by the rate of amino acid transport
      through the blood-brain barrier (BBB), pathways of brain amino acid
      metaboliransport system. The Km of BBB transport is in the 0.1--0.6 mM range,
      which approximates the physiologic plasma levels and forms the basis of the
      unusual sensitivity of the brain to competition effects on neutral amino acid
      transport. Unlike the brain, the Km of amino acid transport into other organs is
      in the 1--10 mM range or greater, which frees these tissues from competition
      effects in the physiologic range of plasma amino acids. Tryptophan circulates 80-
      90% bound to albumin; however, the capacity/affinity ratio of the BBB neutral
      amino acid transport system exceeds the capacity/affinity ratio of albumin
      binding of tryptophan, which enables the carrier to strip tryptophan off albumin
      as it traverses the brain capillary. The activity of the BBB neutral amino acid
      transport system is probably not modulated by insulin, but is influenced by
      changes in thyroid hormone status; the transport system is also induced in states
      of hepatic encephalopathy and this induction process is the primary cause of the
      increased brain tryptophan and serotonin levels in cirrhosis.

PMID- 385811
TI  - Reinnervation following guanethidine-induced sympathectomy of adult rats.
AB  - The reinnervation of various tissues by autonomic neurons has been studied in
      adult rats which had been sympathectomized by chronic guanethidine treatment (30
      or 60 mg/kg/day for 8--15 weeks). In the heart, iris, ileum, mesentery, vas
      deferens and epididymis, fluorescence histochemistry reveals an almost complete
      disappearance of adrenergic fibres which is very longlasting. Even after 63 weeks
      few fluorescent fibres can be seen in these tissues and the density of
      innervation is not increased by incubation in alpha-methylnoradrenaline. The
      superior cervical ganglion represents an exception; large numbers of fluorescent
      fibres but few fluorescent ganglion cells were apparent during recovery. Axon
      counts carried out by electron microscopy on the vas deferens showed that after
      recovery for one year the number of axons was similar to that of controls;
      however, the pattern of innervation was abnormal, small granular vesicles were
      rarely seen and there was little uptake of 5-hydroxydopamine. On the basis of
      this evidence and of some pharmacological data it is suggested that there is a
      limited reinnervation by adrenergic axons accompanied by a great increase in the
      number of non-adrenergic, possibly cholinergic, axons.

PMID- 385810
TI  - Study of a possible interference of alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine pretreatment on
      the radioenzymatic assay of catecholamines in the rat brain.

PMID- 385812
TI  - The effect of dietary corn oil and cholesterol level on the neutral steroid
      composition in the large intestinal contents of the rat.

PMID- 385813
TI  - The consequences of diaphragmatic muscle fatigue in the newborn infant.
AB  - We have previously demonstrated that diaphragmatic muscle fatigue can be
      diagnosed in infants from spectral frequency analysis of the surface
      diaphragmatic electromyogram. This requires a digital computer, but the analysis
      takes several days. Spectral frequency changes, however, can be accurately
      reflected by band pass filtering and expressing the ratio of high-frequency power
      to low-frequency power. A fall in this ratio of greater than 20% indicates muscle
      fatigue. Using a simple analog device to obtain this ratio permits the results to
      be immediately available; we have used this method to study weaning from
      mechanical ventilators in ten infants. With a successful weaning step there is no
      significant change in the ratio, whereas an unsuccessful weaning step invariably
      leads to a decrease in the ratio of greater than 20%, which precedes CO2
      retention and clinical deterioration. These data indicate that diaphragmatic
      muscle fatigue plays an important role in the infant's response to lung disease.
      Monitoring of the high/low frequency ratio may be helpful in weaning infants from
      assisted ventilation.

PMID- 385814
TI  - Intravenous trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of serious infections
      in children.
AB  - Intravenous TMP-SMZ was used to treat 19 infectious episodes in 18 patients
      ranging in age from 3 weeks to 13 years. Thirteen patients with various soft
      tissue or skeletal infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus
      pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus. Streptococcus pyogenes, or Acinetobacter
      anitratus were successfully treated. Three children with four episodes of CSF
      shunt infections due to coagulase-negative staphylococci were treated
      successfully also. The only treatment failures were in two newborn infants with
      enteric gram-negative bacterial ventriculitis. TMP-SMZ was given at a daily dose
      of 10 and 50 mg/kg, respectively, every six hours. The drug was administered
      intravenously for a mean duration of 10 days (range 4 to 32); in 11 patients this
      was followed by oral administration for a mean of nine days (range 2 to 18). Half
      life of TMP after intravenous administration was 5 1/4 hours; that of SMA was 8
      1/2 hours. Levels determined three to four days after starting therapy were
      generally higher than levels obtained at corresponding times after the first
      dose. CSF/blood TMP and SMA ratios, determined in four patients, were 0.6 and
      0.5, respectively. Side effects were observed in 14 patients, and neutropenia was
      the most common adverse reaction. Intravenous TMP-SMZ is an effective
      antimicrobic agent in the treatment of infections due to susceptible organisms.
      The frequent side effects, although reversible and of no major clinical
      consequence, suggest that future use of TMP-SMZ should be monitored closely.

PMID- 385815
TI  - Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: clinical presentation.

PMID- 385816
TI  - Clinical description of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

PMID- 385817
TI  - Changing incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

PMID- 385818
TI  - Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: the need for epidemiologic studies.

PMID- 385819
TI  - Epidemiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

PMID- 385820
TI  - The role of respirators in the etiology and pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary
      dysplasia.

PMID- 385821
TI  - Periodontal therapy in humans. I. Microbiological and clinical effects of a
      single course of periodontal scaling and root planing, and of adjunctive
      tetracycline therapy.
AB  - The present results showed that maarked and long-lasting changes in the
      subgingival microflora associated with periodontal disease could be achieved by a
      single course of periodontal treatment. Immediately following therapy, the total
      number of subgingival organisms decreased 10- to 100-fold and the proportions of
      cultivable  Gram negative organisms and anaerobic organisms generally decreased 3
      to 4-fold or more. After treatment, most periodontal pockets were populated by a
      scant microflora predominated by facultative Actinomyces and Streptococcus
      species. The kinetics of the subgingival bacterial recolonization revealed that
      the total cell counts and the proportions of spirochetes and Capnocytophaga
      species did not reach their pretreatment levels even after 6 months. Other Gram
      negative anaerobic species returned to pretreatment proportions after 3 to 6
      months. Several Gram positive species exhibited higher posttreatment than
      pretreatment proportions throughout the 6 months study. The microbiological
      shifts paralleled significant changes in the clinical status of the periodontal
      tissues. Following therapy, the periodontal pocket depths decreased generally 1
      to 4 mm, the gingival inflammatory index, the gingival fluid flow, and the
      suppurative index were generally lower, and nine of 33 test pockets examined
      showed apposition of alveolar bone. The microbiological and clinical changes
      described were exhibited by two patients treated with periodontal scaling and
      root planing alone and by two patients treated with the adjunctive use of
      systemic tetracycline therapy. In two other patients, mechanical periodontal
      therapy only slightly reduced the total number of subgingival organisms and the
      proportions of spirochetes and other Gram negative anaerobic rods. A shift in the
      subgingival microbial composition was achieved in these two patients after
      tetracycline therapy. The following model for treatment of periodontal disease is
      proposed: (1) Conventional therapy including thorough periodontal scaling and
      root planing; (2) Monitoring the subgingival flora and the clinical course; and
      (3) Use of antimicrobial therapy in refractory cases. Further studies are needed
      to develop means for rapid identification of refractory patients, and to
      determine the optimal antimicrobial agent, the optimal route of administration,
      and the optimal dosage regime.

PMID- 385822
TI  - Lyophilized bone allografts in periodontal intraosseous defects.
AB  - Nine patients with 10 pairs of intraosseous periodontal defects were treated.
      Most of the patients had identical bilateral lesions (referred to as "mirror
      image" defects). In each pair, one of the defects was randomly selected and
      treated as a flap and currettage control whereas the other defect was grafted
      with freeze-dried cortical powdered allografts of bone. Evaluation was based on
      radiographs, photographs, and measurements taken during both the initial surgery
      and at reentry approximately 1 year after transplantation. Control procedures
      (flap and curettage) demonstrated the same amount of osseous regeneration as that
      seen with the graft procedure. The amount of osseous regeneration demonstrated
      with the grafting procedures agreed with previously published studies. Evaluation
      revealed that (1) an autologous control such as incorporated in the "mirrow
      image" design of this study is probably the most valid experimental model
      available for evaluating the clinical effectiveness of any human periodontal
      grafting procedures; (2) the effectiveness of freeze-dried cortical powdered bone
      allografts in human periodontal osseous defects is questionable and needs
      additional study; and (3) nongrafting procedures may be more effective in
      generating new attachments or reattachments in human periodontal osseous defects
      than previously believed.

PMID- 385823
TI  - Methods of altering crestal levels. Clinical case reports.
AB  - Selected cases have been presented using different techniques to alter crestal
      levels. Self Regeneration or Autogenous bone grafts have been most successful in
      cases of three-wall and two-wall infrabony lesions. When a hemiseptal lesion
      occurs on the mesial of a tooth an uprighting procedure can be accomplished. When
      there is an adjacent tooth a forced eruption technique using orthodontic forces
      can be used. A surgical elevation technique has been presented which also has
      shown positive changes in bony topography.

PMID- 385824
TI  - Suppression of inflammation and bone resorption by indomethacin during
      experimental periodontitis in dogs.
AB  - 1. The placement of cotton floss ligatures in a position apical to the gingival
      margin of premolars and molars in young dogs induced an acute inflammatory
      reaction in the periodontal tissues resulting in loss of connective tissue
      attachment and alveolar bone. 2. Bone resorption could be observed histologically
      within 7 days, and radiographically within 2 to 3 weeks after ligature placement.
      3. Daily administration of indomethacin interfered with the periodontal tissue
      response to ligature placement. Indomethacin was shown to (i) delay the onset and
      to suppress the magnitude of the acute inflammatory reaction, and (ii) decrease
      the degree of alveolar bone resorption.

PMID- 385825
TI  - The experimental induction of "functionally" oriented fibers attached to
      cementum.
AB  - Decalcified autogenous bone induced the least amount of new bone yet observed. It
      also apparently helped to induce the formation of functionally oriented
      connective tissue fibers attached to cementum. Clinical trials are indicated.

PMID- 385826
TI  - Repair of bony defect using an intraoral exostosis as the donor site. A case
      report.

PMID- 385827
TI  - Combined orthodontic-periodontal treatment of an infrabony defect. A case report.
AB  - A case presentation involving the combined orthodontic-periodontic treatment of a
      distally inclined mandibular left central incisor with a mesial infrabony defect
      is reported. Treatment was performed in three phases: (a) the tooth was moved
      upright (b) periodontal surgery with osseous grafting of the infrabony defect was
      then performed; and (c) the operative site was reentered 5 months later. The
      patient was followed and soft and hard tissue changes were documented for 12
      months from time of initiation of treatment.

PMID- 385828
TI  - Effects of the calcium ionophore A23187 on liver metabolism.

PMID- 385829
TI  - Regional localization of prostacyclin and thromboxane synthesis in dog stomach
      and intestinal tract.

PMID- 385830
TI  - The present state of instrumentation in high-resolution electron microscopy.

PMID- 385831
TI  - Prostacyclin and prostaglandin E2 selectively antagonize responses of human
      isolated myometrium to excitatory prostaglandins [proceedings].

PMID- 385832
TI  - The serial arrangement of endocrine and exocrine capillaries in the rabbit
      pancreas observed in vivo [preceedings].

PMID- 385833
TI  - Inhibition of external pancreatic secretion by intracolonic and intraileal
      infusions in the cat.
AB  - 1. Infusions of oleic acid into the colon or the distal part of the ileum in
      anaesthetized cats inhibits secretion of water and amylase by the pancreas,
      stimulated by secretin and pancreozymin. Intraileal infusions of other non-water
      soluble substances or hypertonic solutions can also inhibit the pancreas. 2. As
      inhibition can be produced after extrinsic denervation of the pancreas and gut,
      it must in part be humorally mediated. 3. Pentagastrin-stimulated gastric
      secretion of acid and pepsin is also inhibited by the intraileal infusions, but
      the inhibition of acid secretion is less than that of pancreatic secretion. 4. It
      is suggested that the physiological counterpart of the inhibitory effects induced
      by the infusion of non-physiological solutions into the colon or ileum is an
      inhibition of pancreatic secretion brought about by the cessation of intestinal
      absorption, which marks the completion of the post-prandial digestive process.

PMID- 385835
TI  - [Thermoregulatory behavior].

PMID- 385836
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Korehiro Ogata].

PMID- 385834
TI  - Pancreotone, an inhibitor of pancreatic secretion in extracts of ileal and
      colonic mucosa.
AB  - 1. Pancreotone is a polypeptide material obtained from ileal and colonic mucosa
      by extraction with alcohol and subsequent precipitation by bile salts. 2. In
      anaesthetized cats in inhibits the actions of secretin on the pancreas, and of
      pancreozymin on the pancreas and gall-bladder. 3. Pancreotone has a less powerful
      inhibitory action on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion. 4. The actions of
      pancreotone resemble the inhibitory effects on the pancreas and stomach of
      intraileal and intracolonic infusions of oleic acid and other substances in cats
      with the vagal and splanchnic nerves cut. Pancreotone may be the humoral mediator
      of these inhibitory effects. 5. A possible relationship between the actions of
      pancreotone and somatostatin on the stomach, and of pancreotone and pancreatic
      polypeptide on the pancreas, is discussed.

PMID- 385837
TI  - Physical-chemical aspects of denture retention and stability: a review of the
      literature.
AB  - The physical-chemical mechanism of retention of dentures is a highly complex one.
      A review of the literature suggests in addition that retention also is a personal
      phenomenon under the control of numerous factors. Chief among the factors
      involved in the retention of a well-adapted denture are the forces related to the
      wetting of the denture and of the mucosal surfaces and the cohesive or
      intermolecular characteristics of the saliva. The ill-fitting denture most often
      results from an increase of variation in the denture-mucosa interspace, probably
      due to bone resorption rather than to any major changes in the physical-chemical
      factors.

PMID- 385838
TI  - Minimizing postinsertion problems: a procedure for removable partial denture
      placement.
AB  - A procedure for removable partial denture placement has been described. This
      procedure involves correction of pressure spots and overextensions, harmonizing
      of occlusion, and patient home-care instructions. Use of this procedure does not
      eliminate the need for postinsertion observations. Postinsertion adjustments,
      however, may be minimized by careful attention to each step at the placement
      visit.

PMID- 385839
TI  - A comparative study of silicone as a separating medium for denture processing.

PMID- 385840
TI  - Conservative alternative to full esthetic crowns.
AB  - Several alternatives to full esthetic crowns have been presented. Preparation
      techniques and factors to be used in patient selection have been discussed for
      using all-metal esthetic retainers. Problems that arise from the indiscriminate
      use of full-coverage crowns must not be overlooked. Adjunctive esthetic retainers
      such as pinledges, three-quarter crowns, and inlays can be used to provide a
      functional, conservative alternative to full crowns while maintaining maximum
      esthetics.

PMID- 385841
TI  - Biogeometric guide to groove placement on three-quarter crown preparations.
AB  - An attempt has been made to establish a practical guide to placing the grooves on
      a three-quarter crown which fulfills biologic, mechanical, and structural
      requirements. It is our intention to refine and adjust groove placement to
      biologic and practical limitations in the hopes of ending some of the confusion
      and difficulty in partial veneer preparations.

PMID- 385842
TI  - Reactive force distributions for teeth when loaded singly and when used as fixed
      partial denture abutments.
AB  - 1. A finite element model was devised to examine mechanical responses of the
      periodontium to loads applied to the model in vertical, oblique, and horizontal
      directions for an individual tooth having varied alveolar levels, splinted teeth,
      and a cantilever type of fixed partial denture. 2. Forces applied to the teeth
      are balanced by stresses generated within the periodontal membrane and alveolar
      bone. 3. It was substantiated that the teeth were evolved to carry axial types of
      loads, since stresses on the periodontium were smaller than those obtained for
      oblique or horizontal types of loads. Axial types of loads produce compressive
      stresses on the periodontium; oblique or horizontal types of loads produce zones
      of compressive and tensile stresses. 4. Mechanically, splinting teeth is a
      desirable procedure. 5. A cantilever type of fixed partial denture should have at
      least two abutments. It should not be used to replace more than one tooth.

PMID- 385843
TI  - Identification of fracture zones in porcelain-veneered-to-metal bond test
      specimens by ESCA analysis.
AB  - The ESCA technique provides a useful approach to identifying probable sites of
      fracture initiation in ceramic-fused-to-metal systems in which the analyzed
      fracture area is 1 mm2 or larger. The primary disadvantages of this technique
      include high equipment cost, the need for meticulous removal of superficial oxide
      layers formed at room temperature, and susceptibility to surface contamination by
      carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. From this study the following may be concluded: 1.
      Judgment of the composition of any fracture surface (except that which occurs
      exclusively in porcelain) by naked-eye examination or optical microscopic
      inspection may be erroneous. 2. Generalizations on the nature of adherence zone
      failures for nonprecious allow-ceramic systems should not be made in the absence
      of fracture surface or adherence zone composition data determined by means of an
      acceptable analytical technique. 3. It appears unlikely that fractures
      originating in one of the regions of the adherence zone will have a composition
      analysis identical to that of metal, metal oxide, or bonding agent standards,
      since considerable interdiffusion or chemical interaction between these regions
      will have altered the original chemical compositions.

PMID- 385844
TI  - The grinding efficiency of diamond burs.
AB  - Deterioration of round diamond burs during 8 minutes of operation was found to be
      more pronounced for burs with low particle densities than for burs with high
      particle density. No definitive relationship was found between the initial
      grinding rate and initial particle density.

PMID- 385845
TI  - Prosthodontic principles in surgical planning for maxillary and mandibular
      resection patients.
AB  - Discussion between the surgeon and prosthodontist on surgical planning is
      important. It is necessary that they each be aware of the other's problems. Only
      in this way can continuity be established between surgical and prosthetic
      procedures. This will provide a maximum level of treatment for the maxillofacial
      patients, thereby returning them to society most expeditiously.

PMID- 385846
TI  - Fabrication of a custom anterior guide table.

PMID- 385847
TI  - Plastic stopping--update.
AB  - Dura Seal powder and liquid and Dura Lay liquid acrylic resin materials have many
      uses. Methods for using these acrylic resin materials for copings, functionally
      generated paths, fitting crowns to clasps, centric relation stops, temporary
      fixed partial dentures, and porcelain additions have been described.

PMID- 385848
TI  - Relationship of the incisive papilla to the maxillary central incisors.
AB  - The average distance between the most anterior point of the maxillary central
      incisors and the most posterior point of the incisive papilla was 12.454 mm with
      a standard deviation of 3.867 mm. This distance was measured when these two
      points were projected on a plane which was parallel to the reference plane formed
      by the tips of three interdental papillae; i.e., the papilla between two central
      incisors (A), between the first and second molars on the right side (R), and on
      the left side (L). The average error incurred due to inconsistency of the method
      employed was less than 3% or less than 0.372 mm for the position of the central
      incisor. It is believed that the application of this anatomic relation can
      provide a reliable point for arranging and checking the position of the anterior
      maxillary teeth for complete dentures.

PMID- 385849
TI  - Aluminous porcelain and its role in fixed prosthodontics.

PMID- 385850
TI  - Clinical progress of sealed and unsealed caries. Part I: Depth changes and
      bacterial counts.
AB  - 1. A method for measuring depth changes in carious lesions has been developed. 2.
      A method for estimating bacterial viability in the study lesions has been
      developed. 3. Sealed cavities showed little or no change in depth over a 1-year
      period. 4. Open lesions showed a significant increase in depth as compared to
      sealed lesions. 5. Elimination or marked decrease in viable organisms under the
      sealant occurred.

PMID- 385851
TI  - Comparison of the retentive strength of two cast gold pin techniques.
AB  - The retention contributed by the use of pins with gold castings can be
      substantially increased by the technique of placing a threaded pin in the dentin
      and making a casting with a threaded receptacle to fit the pin. The basis for the
      improvement is the greater retention of threaded pins to dentin compared to that
      of smooth, cemented pins that are part of the casting. The limitation on the
      retention achieved with the new technique is the cohesive strength of the cement.
      Zinc phosphate cement provided the highest retention, and EBA and polycarboxylate
      cements provided lower and similar retention when threaded pins were cemented to
      threaded receptacles.

PMID- 385852
TI  - The quality of restorative dental care.
AB  - This study investigated the quality of restorative care in a group of health
      center employees. With limitations in sample size, representativeness of the
      sample, and methods of measuring quality clearly recognized, the results of the
      study suggest that significant improvements in the quality of amalgams, synthetic
      restorations, crowns, fixed partial denture abutments, and pontics will probably
      require advances in the science and technology of dentistry and modifications in
      the present system for delivering dental care. The impact of a quality review
      system is unlikely to affect the care provided by the majority of dentists.
      Quality review should play a role in monitoring the services fo the small
      percentage of dentists whose care is very inadequate. Admittedly, these
      conclusions are speculative and are not based on a large body of experimental
      information. Nevertheless, the evidence that is available is suggestive, and the
      development of a national policy to monitor the quality of dental care must
      consider what can be reasonably achieved with a quality assurance system.

PMID- 385853
TI  - A simplified approach to the complete porcelain margin.
AB  - The technique described produces a metal-ceramic crown exhibiting excellent
      esthetic qualities and marginal accuracy superior to that achieved on the cast
      metal margin. A platinum foil apron or refractory dies are not necessary. A
      precise shoulder preparation, preferably with two master dies, is required. A
      chamfer with a bevel, a shoulder with a bevel, or chamfer preparations are not
      suited to this technique. Quantitative evaluation using a measuring microscope
      showed that a marginal gap on a crown fabricated on an International Bureau of
      Standards crown die measured 6 microns at the porcelain shoulder and from 17 to
      34 microns on a gold margin of the same crown. On a prepared-tooth, rubber-base
      compression densite die, the marginal gap on the porcelain shoulder was 10
      microns.

PMID- 385854
TI  - A radiographic technique for examination of internal defects in metal frameworks.
AB  - A technique is presented which allows the dentist to evaluate metal restorations
      using a standard clinical radiographic machine. This technique eliminates the
      additional time and expense involved in using a commercial laboratory.

PMID- 385855
TI  - Ultrastructural damage to the malaria parasite in the sickled cell.
AB  - The process by which malaria parasites are killed in sickled erythrocytes was
      studied by electron microscopy. In vitro cultures of Plasmodium falciparum in
      sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS) homozygous (SS) and heterozygous (SA) red cells were
      deoxygenated for up to 6 h and fixed under anaerobic conditions. Parasites in SS
      cells appeared to be disrupted by intrusions of needle-like deoxyHbS aggregates;
      disintegration of cytoplasm and membranes followed. In SA red cells, the
      parasites were generally not disrupted. Instead, extensive vacuolization
      occurred, a sign of metabolic inhibition. The resistance of HbS gene carriers to
      malaria results partly from these causes of intracellular parasite death.

PMID- 385856
TI  - Freeze-fracture study of malaria sporozoites: antibody-induced changes of the
      pellicular membrane.
AB  - Plasmodium cynomolgi, Plasmodium knowlesi, and Plasmodium berghei sporozoites,
      before and after incubation with immune serum, were studied after freeze-fracture
      by electron microscopy. There were evenly distributed numerous intramembranous
      particles (IMP) on the P face of the outer membrane. The E face of the plasma
      membrane had fewer IMP than its P face. The E face of the intermediate membrane
      had few IMP and also linear arrays of slightly raised ridges running the length
      of the parasite. The P face of the intermediate membrane had many IMP aligned
      along the long axis of the sporozoite. On the P face of the inner membrane, IMP
      were arranged in very distinct rows conforming to the long axis of the parasite;
      the E face of this membrane had a few randomly distributed IMP. A prominent
      change in the sporozoite incubated in immune serum was the appearance of a layer
      of aggregated particles around the parasite. The P face of the plasma membrane
      had several clear areas devoid of IMP and IMP aggregates. No changes were seen in
      the other fractured faces of the pellicle. These observations suggest that immune
      serum acts only on the P face of the plasma membrane.

PMID- 385858
TI  - Relaxation therapy in bronchial asthma.

PMID- 385857
TI  - Acetate oxidation by bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma cruzi.
AB  - Bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma cruzi had a substantial increase in respiration
      in the presence of acetate. Oxidation of acetate took place via the tricarboxylic
      acid cycle and involved an antimycin A-sensitive respiratory pathway. Oxygen
      uptake in the presence of acetate was a sensitive to antimycin A inhibition as
      was CO2 production. There was a 6--7% residual O2 uptake which was not inhibited
      by high antimycin concentrations. Human anti-T. cruzi sera had no effect on
      oxygen uptake.

PMID- 385859
TI  - Historical review of human cytogenetics--studies in the past and today--.

PMID- 385860
TI  - [Direct photographic reproduction of subtraction films (author's transl)].

PMID- 385861
TI  - [General history of radiology].

PMID- 385862
TI  - Radiation therapy for breast cancer.

PMID- 385863
TI  - Female urinary incontinence. A dynamic evaluation.

PMID- 385864
TI  - Ches: the man for all seasons.

PMID- 385865
TI  - Catecholamines. Their role in pregnancy and the development of pregnancy-induced
      hypertension.

PMID- 385866
TI  - Leon C. Chesley, Ph.D.

PMID- 385867
TI  - Immunosuppressive effects of the Lewis lung carcinoma.

PMID- 385868
TI  - Heterogeneity of cell surface xenoantigens on human T lymphocytes.

PMID- 385869
TI  - Secretory products of mononuclear phagocytes: a brief review.

PMID- 385870
TI  - Lysozyme, glucan-activated macrophages and neoplasia.

PMID- 385871
TI  - Effect of thymosin treatment on antituberculous immunity in immunosuppressed
      mice.

PMID- 385872
TI  - Hypothesis: that rheumatoid arthritis will disappear.
AB  - The first unequivocally clear description of rheumatoid arthritis occurred in
      1800. It is possible, however, that the disease existed in earlier times and that
      Emperor Constantine IX Monomachus (circa 980-1055) was a sufferer. The disease is
      common today in all races throughout the world. The features of rheumatoid
      arthritis are consistent with its being an infection, perhaps a slow-virus
      infection. On the basis of behaviour of other bacterial and viral infections, it
      is possible that we may now expect the current pandemic to disappear. Perhaps by
      the end of the next century it will be mild and rare or even non-existent.

PMID- 385873
TI  - Oxaprozin: a once-daily treatment regimen in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The development of oxaprozin provided an opportunity to evaluate the control of
      inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis by a drug that can be administered once
      daily. A double-blind 12-week evaluation suggested comparable efficacy between
      1,200 mg oxaprozin given as a single daily dose and 3,900 mg ASA given in 4
      equally divided doses. A lower incidence of side effects was noted in the
      oxaprozin group. An open 6-month study substantiated the efficacy and safety of
      oxaprozin.

PMID- 385874
TI  - The effect of gold salts on the phagocytic activity of synovial macrophages in
      organ culture.
AB  - The effect of the gold salt, gold sodium thioglucose, has been studied on the
      phagocytic activity of tissue macrophages in synovium excised from patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and maintained as explants in organ culture. Specimens
      of synovial membrane were taken for culture from synovial tissue excised from the
      knee joints of 22 patients with RA undergoing surgery and 14 menisectomy
      controls. Glass coverslips coated with yeast were placed on the synovium and the
      specimens maintained in organ culture. The phagocytic activity was assessed by
      counting the percentage of macrophages containing yeast on the coverslip removed
      after 24 hr in culture. The effect of gold salts was assessed by adding gold
      sodium thioglucose at concentrations of 3 and 30 microgram/ml to the medium, and
      using sodium thioglucose as an additional control. Results (means %) indicated
      significantly higher phagocytic activity in RA macrophages (68.6) compared with
      controls (40.1), p smaller than or equal to 0.001. Gold thioglucose significantly
      suppressed phagocytosis at 3 microgram/ml (48.0) p smaller than 0.01, and at 30
      microgram/ml (47.7) p smaller than 0.02 in RA but had not effect on control
      synovium. Sodium thioglucose had no significant effect on phagocytosis at either
      concentration on RA synovium.

PMID- 385875
TI  - Gold excretion and retention during auranofin treatment: a preliminary report.
AB  - Auranofin, an oral gold compound, was administered to 12 patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis using 2 dosage schedules (3 mg or 1 mg twice daily for 8 weeks, and
      then once daily for 18 weeks). In addition to outpatient clinic monitoring, all
      patients were admitted to a metabolic ward for 3 days for collection of 24 hr
      daily urine and feces. Gold content of excreta was determined by atomic
      absorption spectroscopy. Seventy-three per cent of the administered gold was
      recovered in the urine and feces of patients receiving 3 mg b.i.d., and all the
      gold was recovered in those taking 1 mg b.i.d. Ninety-five per cent of the
      recovered gold was in the feces and 5% was in the urine. These findings contrast
      with those observed during intramuscular (gold sodium thiomalate) chrysotherapy:
      40% of the injected dose was recovered, 70% in urine, 30% in feces. Less tissue
      gold retention occurred with oral gold than with parenteral therapy. Following 20
      weeks of auranofin (6 mg/day) chrysotherapy approximately 66 mg of gold was
      retained. By comparison, 300 mg of gold was retained after injectable gold sodium
      thiomalate treatment. The significance of these findings is discussed.

PMID- 385876
TI  - Gold and modulation of the immune response.
AB  - The effects of gold on immune responses are reviewed. Gold salts used
      therapeutically can be followed by a decline in serum immunoglobulin levels, and
      rheumatoid factor titers in rheumatoid arthritis; in pemphigus there is similarly
      a drop in anti-epithelial antibody titers. Gold inhibits stimulation of
      immunoglobulin-secreting cells. Gold inhibits the activation of the classical and
      alternate complement pathways. Gold compounds inhibit numerous cell-mediated
      immune responses to various mitogens and antigens. Inhibition may be due to the
      effect of gold on macrophages acting as helper cell in these reactions. Auranofin
      is a new oral compound which seems to be particularly potent in its immuno
      regulatory actions; it differs from other gold compounds in its pharmacokinetics,
      and in the nature of its ligand. Gold has also been reported to enhance certain
      immune reactions. The extent of the immuno-regulatory effects of gold in vivo is
      unknown, and the relation of these effects to its therapeutic actions remains to
      be clarified.

PMID- 385877
TI  - Synthesis and biological activity of peptide antagonists of luliberin
      (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone).
AB  - A series of des-His2 octa- and nonapeptide analogues of luliberin (luteinizing
      hormone-releasing hormone) with modifications in the 1 and 6 positions, and in
      some instances the 10 position, has been prepared. Some of these analogues are
      potent inhibitors of luliberin in vitro and in vivo. The use of ultraviolet
      absorption measurements for evaluating peptides containing tyrosine and
      tryptophan is described. An efficient synthesis of O-methyl-d-tyrosine is
      reported.

PMID- 385878
TI  - Structure-mutagenicity relationships of N-oxidized derivatives of aniline, o
      toluidine, 2'-methyl-4-aminobiphenyl, and 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl.

PMID- 385879
TI  - Synthesis and biological activities of ftorafur metabolites. 3'- and 4'
      hydroxyftorafur.
AB  - Four isomers of ftorafur were synthesized as authentic samples of possible
      ftorafur (FT) metabolites. 2,3-Dihydrofuran was treated with perbenzoic acid in
      MeOH to give 2-methoxy-3-hydroxytetrahydrofuran, which upon treatment with
      Ac2O/pyridine yielded the key intermediate 2-methoxy-3-acetoxytetrahydrofuran.
      The other intermediate, 2-ethoxy-4-acetoxytetrahydrofuran, was prepared by acid
      hydrolysis (HCl/50% EtOH) of 1,1-diethoxy-3,4-dihydroxybutane, followed by
      acetylation (Ac2O/pyridine). Treatment of 2,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-5-fluorouracil
      with either 2-methoxy-3-acetoxytetrahydrofuran or 2-ethoxy-4
      acetoxytetrahydrofuran in 1,2-dichloroethane at room temperature using SnCl4 as
      catalyst afforded cis- and trans-3'-OAc-FT or 4'-OAc-FT, respectively. However,
      trans-3'-OAc-FT and cis-4'-OAc-FT were the major condensation products. In each
      case, separation of these cis and trans isomers was achieved by silica gel column
      chromatography. Treatment of 3'- or 4'-OAc-FT with NH3/CH3OH at 5 degrees C
      overnight yielded the described hydroxylated FT. Both trans-3'-OH-FT and cis-4'
      OH-FT showed no significant activity against L1210 up to 100 mg/kg. These two
      agents produced an inhibitory effect on HeLa cell growth equal to that of
      ftorafur, with ID50 = 200 MICROGRAMS/KG.

PMID- 385880
TI  - Anticandidal activity of 5-fluorocytosine-peptide conjugates.
AB  - An approach to the development of new anticandidal drugs is described that
      employs peptides as carriers of toxic agents into cells. 5-Flurorcytosine (5-FC)
      was chosen as a toxic agent with which to prepare 5-FC-peptide conjugates as
      models to test the carrier proposal. Model compounds were synthesized and then
      tested for antiyeast activity against S. Cerevisiae 9763, C. albicans 1-V, C.
      albicans WD 18-4, and C. Krusei 1-T. The 5-FC derivatives showed antiyeast
      activity comparable to 5-FC in all strains except C. krusei 1-T, in which case
      the compounds were less active. The solution stabilities of 5-FC conjugates at 37
      degrees C were tested in the same growth medium used for susceptibility testing.
      The results indicated a range of stabilities where the half-life (t1/2) = 0.3-
      17.6 h. These results and those obtained in the susceptibility testing suggest
      extracellular hydrolysis and indicate that the type of linkage used to conjugate
      5-FC to peptides will not provide appropriate compounds to evaluate the peptide
      carrier concept.

PMID- 385881
TI  - Sexes of affected cases in sibships containing two or more members with
      anencephaly or spina bifida.
AB  - A study has been made of the sexes of the affected within sibships containing two
      or more members with anencephaly or spina bifida (ASB). There is no clear
      evidence for variation between ASB-prone women in their propensity to bear
      affected cases of one sex rather than the other. It is suggested that the point
      should be regarded as open until further data have settled the issue.

PMID- 385882
TI  - Considerations for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth: a case
      report.

PMID- 385883
TI  - Genesis of the denturist: a study in apathy.

PMID- 385884
TI  - Foreword: the Cosslett festschrift (Ellis Cosslett).

PMID- 385885
TI  - Cosslett's contribution to microscopy (Ellis Cosslett).

PMID- 385887
TI  - Molecular organization of the bacteriophage P22 coat protein shell.

PMID- 385888
TI  - Galactose regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The enzymes encoded by the
      GAL7, 10, 1 cluster are co-ordinately controlled and separately translated.

PMID- 385886
TI  - A social-psychological perspective on successful community control of high blood
      pressure: a review.
AB  - This review brings together studies dealing with factors that affect
      participation in screening, referral, and treatment for high blood pressure
      (HBP). Community-based screening programs are examined first, in order to
      describe the changing and the current distribution of hypertensives as "unaware,"
      untreated, treated but uncontrolled, and controlled by treatment. Factors
      influencing this distribution are examined. Next, data on referral, acceptance of
      treatment, and staying in treatment are discussed, with a special reference to
      intervention studies. The review then brings in the broader social science
      literature on the psychosocial dynamics of health-maintaining and risk-reducing
      behaviors. The article concludes with an interpretive summary and some
      suggestions for further action.

PMID- 385889
TI  - Ribosomal protein modification in Escherichia coli. I. A mutant lacking the N
      terminal acetylation of protein S5 exhibits thermosensitivity.

PMID- 385891
TI  - Genetic studies of the lac repressor. XI. On aspects of lac repressor structure
      suggested by genetic experiments.

PMID- 385890
TI  - Genetic studies of the lac repressor. IX. Generation of altered proteins by the
      suppression of nonsence mutations.

PMID- 385892
TI  - EPSDT and the black medical community in Georgia.

PMID- 385893
TI  - Statement of the National Medical Association to the Select Committee on Aging
      and Congressional Black Caucus Brain Trust on Aging at the hearing on "Needs of
      the minority elderly".

PMID- 385894
TI  - The interaction of nutrition and infection: a succinct review.
AB  - Malnutrition combined with susceptibility to infection threatens the health and
      survival of a large portion of the world's population. Of the many components of
      the host-parasite relation, nutrition has not received the attention it deserves.
      There has been increasing activity in recent years on the elucidation of the role
      nutritional factors play in the behavior of both host and parasite.This paper
      reviews the effects vitamins exert on the course of parasitic infections.

PMID- 385897
TI  - Some rationale for the use of the screw as an endosseous implant.

PMID- 385895
TI  - Effects of repeated exposures to peak concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and
      ozone on resistance to streptococcal pneumonia.
AB  - Exposures to various mixtures of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) reduced
      the resistance of mice to streptococcal pneumonia as evidenced by increased
      mortality rates and shortened survival time. Daily 3-h exposures (5 d/wk) for 2-
      6 mo to an air pollutant mixture consisting of 940 microgram/m3 (0.5 ppm) NO2 and
      196 microgram/m3 (0.1 ppm) O3 were most effective in reducing the resistance to
      infection. The decrease in resistance to the infection occurred sooner than the
      mice continued to be exposed to the air pollutants instead of clean air for 14 d
      after the respiratory challenge with Streptococcus pyogenes aerosol. After 3 mo
      of exposure to the pollutant mixture, there was some decrease in the ability of
      mice to clear inhalated streptococci from their lungs. At the same time the total
      cell count in the fluid lavaged from the lungs of mice was markedly reduced, as
      were the viability and phagocytic activity of the alveolar macrophages. Exposure
      to the pollutants combined with challenge with Streptococcus aerosol resulted in
      marked morphological changes in lung tissues as seen by scanning electron
      microscopy.

PMID- 385899
TI  - The custom-made 3-piece ramus bar implant.

PMID- 385898
TI  - Twenty-five years experience with the subperiosteal implant denture.

PMID- 385900
TI  - An eight-year report and the rationale for the buttressed anchor--an innovation
      in blade design.

PMID- 385896
TI  - Carcinogenicity of toxaphene: a review.
AB  - Toxaphene is highly carcinogenic in rats and mice. Toxaphene induced malignant
      neoplasms of the liver in rats. Neoplasms at all sites, as well as malignant
      neoplasms, were increased in male and female rats ingesting toxaphene. Sarcomas
      were found more often in male rats and carcinomas in female rats. Neoplasms of
      the endocrine organs were also increased in male and female toxaphene-treated
      rats. The incidence of neoplasms of the reproductive system was increased in
      female rats, as was the incidence of mammary gland neoplasms in male rats. Toxic
      changes in male rats given toxaphene included interstitial fibrosis of the kidney
      and atrophy of the testes. Toxaphene induced malignant neoplasms of the liver in
      male and female mice. The incidence of malignant neoplasms at all sites was also
      increased. In addition to hepatic neoplasms, male mice had leukemia or
      lymphosarcoma and females had sarcomas of the uterus.

PMID- 385901
TI  - The lock-hinge prosthesis on implants and on natural teeth.

PMID- 385902
TI  - Medline: an efficient, inexpensive way to search implant literature.

PMID- 385903
TI  - Maxillary full subperiosteal implants. Clinical review of 18 cases.

PMID- 385904
TI  - Muscle flap with simultaneous mesh skin graft for skin defects of the lower leg.
AB  - Since 1974 we have performed muscle flap transposition (myoplasty) for the
      treatment of a skin loss of the lower leg with associated exposure of the bone.
      In order that the operative treatment may be completed in one stage, mesh skin
      graft was done simultaneously with muscle transfer. Twelve cases so far have been
      treated successfully by this procedure, the mesh skin graft taking well on the
      muscle flap.

PMID- 385905
TI  - Fluid therapy and the HALFD method.

PMID- 385906
TI  - Supportive therapy in burn care. Smoke inhalation. Diagnostic techniques and
      steroids.

PMID- 385907
TI  - Supportive therapy in burn care. Methods of excision.

PMID- 385908
TI  - Supportive therapy in burn care. Determining the depth of injury.

PMID- 385909
TI  - Supportive therapy in burn care. Wound closure therapy.

PMID- 385910
TI  - Supportive therapy in burn care. Consensus summary on excisional therapy.

PMID- 385911
TI  - Predicting fatal sepsis in burn patients.
AB  - The high morbidity after severe thermal insult is believed to be related
      partially to a resultant decrease in immunocompetence. We tested the ability of
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and Concanavalin (Con A) to stimulate lymphocyte
      transformation in 17 patients with moderate to severe thermal injury (greater
      than 25% BSA). The patients acted as their own controls and the per cent change
      in their mitogen response was measured over time. Eight acutely burned patients
      who subsequently developed severe sepsis (Group I) had decreased ability (mean,
      12% of normal) to proliferate in response to PHA, and six of these died of severe
      sepsis. The depressed response appeared 4 to 7 days postinjury and predated
      clinical evidence of sepsis by 2 to 4 days. Cells from four patients who had mild
      infectious complications (Group II) demonstrated greatly augmented mitogen
      responses (mean + 243%) approximately 7 to 10 days postinjury. Five burn patients
      whose clinical course was sepsis free (Group III) exhibited only minimal changes
      in their mitogen responses (mean +30%). Although the Con A responses of the
      patients' cells corresponded less to their pathology, Group I patients whose
      cells exhibited depressed PHA responsiveness also had diminished Con A responses.
      Group II patients' cells also showed increases in Con A-induced stimulation.
      Group III patients, who had only slightly augmented PHA responses, had minimal
      decreases of the Con A-induced lymphocyte transformation. Many severely burned
      patients develop septicemia as a result of their large wound surfaces. The
      appearance of decreases in mitogen-induced proliferation, however, appears to
      characterize those patients who will be unable to handle the septic challenge.

PMID- 385912
TI  - Efficacy of tangential excision and immediate autografting of deep second-degree
      burns of the hand.
AB  - Fifty patients, with 71 hands affected by deep dermal burns, underwent tangetial
      excision and immediate autografting at a mean of the fifth postburn day.
      Assessment of the group at 6 weeks showed an 8% mortality, good hand function in
      50%, fair function in 18%, and poor function in 24%. The total group was
      partitioned into patients with burns of 40% or less and those with burns of
      greater than 40% of body surface. The former group had significantly better hand
      function than the latter. Early tangetial excision with immediate autografting of
      deep dermal hand burns is recommedned for almost all patients with small to
      moderate thermal cutaneous injury. However, only after careful evaluation should
      patients with large, life-threatening thermal injuries be selected for this
      procedure.

PMID- 385913
TI  - Liquid propane cold injury: a clinicopathologic and experimental study.
AB  - A case of liquid propane cold injury is described. This injury was produced by
      evaporative heat loss, without ignition, from skin and underlying tissues. The
      cutaneous appearance was that of a flame burn but underlying deep tissue damage
      was present. Acute vascular compromise and progressive wound sepsis were
      complications which required surgical intervention. A liquid propane animal model
      was created which defined the pathophysiology of the clinical injury. The
      potential for this injury exists wherever volatile liquified gases are used.

PMID- 385914
TI  - [Surgery of a single kidney].

PMID- 385915
TI  - Bethune's China. Forty years on.

PMID- 385916
TI  - New approaches to prolonging survival of transplanted organs.

PMID- 385917
TI  - JAMA reference directories.

PMID- 385918
TI  - Philip Franz von Siebold.

PMID- 385920
TI  - CT scanning recognized with Nobel Prize.

PMID- 385919
TI  - Joseph Dalton Hooker.

PMID- 385921
TI  - Nobel work is just a 'sideline,' says Cormack.

PMID- 385922
TI  - Can postmarketing surveillance help to effect optimal drug therapy?
AB  - Postmarketing drug surveillance (PMS) assesses the epidemiology of drug use and
      monitors beneficial or harmful effects of drugs following marketing. If used
      systematically, PMS can substantially improve drug therapy in the United States.
      This can be accomplished by generating information on drug use and effects
      otherwise unavailable, by enabling a more efficient drug approval process, and by
      educating drug prescribers. However, to be successful, any PMS system will need a
      good deal of input from such prescribers.

PMID- 385923
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXXI].

PMID- 385924
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CLV.

PMID- 385925
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXXII].

PMID- 385926
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CLVI.

PMID- 385927
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Keizo Nobeji].

PMID- 385928
TI  - [Current concept of the immunologic function test].

PMID- 385929
TI  - [Etiological analysis of diseases and a genetic approach in their
      classification].

PMID- 385930
TI  - [EIA (enzyme immunoassay)].

PMID- 385931
TI  - [Simple analysis of intestinal metaplasia of the stomach].

PMID- 385932
TI  - [Analysis of the cell cycle using a cell sorter (FACS-II) and its theoretical
      background].

PMID- 385933
TI  - [ECG: automatic diagnosis].

PMID- 385934
TI  - [Indicator dilution technics (dye, RI, and heat)].

PMID- 385935
TI  - [Coronary circulation].

PMID- 385936
TI  - [Determination of extravascular water content of the lung].

PMID- 385937
TI  - [Determination of the surface properties].

PMID- 385938
TI  - [Histalog stimulation test].

PMID- 385939
TI  - [LH-RH loading test].

PMID- 385940
TI  - [Male hormone--blood LH, FSH, and testosterone levels and LH-RH and HCG loading
      tests].

PMID- 385942
TI  - [Screening for bacteriuria].

PMID- 385941
TI  - [Pancreatic endocrine function test with administration of gastrointestinal
      hormones].

PMID- 385943
TI  - [Analysis of disorderd states by multichannel analysis (author's transl)].

PMID- 385944
TI  - [Prospective remarks on mathematical aids in clinical diagnosis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 385945
TI  - [Needs of chromatographic techniques in clinical chemistry (author's transl)].

PMID- 385946
TI  - [Simplified identification for enterobacteriaceae (author's transl)].

PMID- 385947
TI  - [Application of computer to the field of clinical microbiology (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 385948
TI  - Clinical trials in vaccination with leukemia associated antigens in acute
      myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Vaccination with purified leukemia associated antigens (LAA) was performed in
      sixty adult patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) who were admitted to
      Medical City, Yermok Hospital, Alshaab Hospital, Altefelalarabie Hospital, Basrah
      Hospital, Mosul Hospital, Althawra Hospital and Samaon Hospital. LAA were
      prepared from leukemic cells, using hypotonic lysis and low frequency sonication,
      followed by discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or column
      chromatography. Five doses were given intradermally, after discontinuation of the
      maintenance therapy. Clinical and immunological studies were done prevaccination
      and used to evaluate the effect of this vaccine. The patients were randomized
      into two groups: one group included 32 patients who received LAA alone and the
      other group included 28 patients who received LAA with BCG-cell wall skeleton as
      an adjuvant. Control groups of patients were also randomized into two subgroups:
      one subgroup included 30 patients who did not receive any kind of immunotherapy,
      the other subgroup included 30 patients who received BCG-cell wall skeleton only.
      All the LAA vaccinated groups showed increased blastogenic response to LAA most
      pronounced on day 22 and afterwards. There was increased response to non-specific
      mitogens after vaccination, especially after the 63rd day. All the vaccinated
      groups showed increased skin reactivity to LAA after vaccination. Fifty-seven of
      these patients had an initial weak reaction but it became more marked after
      vaccination. There was a correlation between the blastogenic responses and skin
      test reactivity to the clinical course. All the nonvaccinated group and those who
      were given BCG-cell wall skeleton alone died within 9 weeks (range 7--11 weeks)
      after discontinued chemotherapy making the survival range from 23--40 weeks
      (median of 29 weeks), in contrast all the vaccinated groups who received LAA
      alone or in combination with three BCG-cell wall skeleton doses are in complete
      unmaintained remission ranging in survival from 58 weeks to 74 weeks (median
      value is 63 weeks).

PMID- 385949
TI  - Immunoassay with fluorescein-labelled antigens--device of a method and its
      clinical application.
AB  - A simple, sensitive, highly reproducible method for assay of antibodies using
      fluorescein-labelled antigens according to the method by Farr is described. We
      measured titers of anti-BSA antibodies and antigen binding capacity of sera in
      BSA immunized rabbits by fluorometric assay with fluorescein isothiocyanate
      (FITC) labelled BSA, and obtained highly reproducible and quantitative results.
      The resultd times more sensitive than the results from single radial
      immunodiffusion. FITC-labelled double or single stranded calf thymus DNA was
      incubated with sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and New Zealand
      Black mice. Both anti-double and single stranded DNA antibodies were detected in
      sera of systemic lupus erythematosus, but only anti-single stranded DNA
      antibodies in sera of New Zealand Black mice.

PMID- 385950
TI  - [A case of agenesis of the dorsal pancreas in an adult diabetic with spina bifida
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 385951
TI  - [Electrophysiologic studies of the lower esophago-cardia. (7) Devascularization
      of the esophago-cardiac area and cardiac function before and after the suturing
      of fundic patch].

PMID- 385952
TI  - [Ureteral movement in dogs with autologous kidney transplantation].

PMID- 385953
TI  - Tricyclic antidepressant overdose.

PMID- 385955
TI  - A long look at the adrenogenital syndrome.

PMID- 385954
TI  - Phenazopyridine hydrochloride toxicity: a cause of drug-induced
      methemoglobinemia.

PMID- 385956
TI  - [A life of Seki Hora, the mother of Public Health Nursing in our country. 3].

PMID- 385957
TI  - [Mourning the death of Ms. Kunie Sotoma].

PMID- 385958
TI  - [Profile: Tomi Sato who served as chairman of the executive committee at the
      first symposium of the Nursing Association: "Considering medical care by us all].

PMID- 385959
TI  - [Polycardiographic and radiocardiographic evaluation of the effect of glucagon on
      hemodynamics in recent myocardial infarct].

PMID- 385960
TI  - [Value of the radiocardiographic studies for qualification of patients with
      mitral valve defects for surgical treatment].

PMID- 385961
TI  - [Angina pectoris and myocardial infarct in the presence of normal coronary
      arteries].

PMID- 385962
TI  - [Surgical treatment of complications of myocardial infarct].
AB  - Complications of myocardial infarction in the form of aneurysm of the heart,
      mitral incompetence and ventricular septal defect cause considerable changes in
      intracardiac hemodynamics which lead to severe disturbances in the circulation
      system in different periods after myocardial infarction. The timely and properly
      made diagnosis allows the prognostic severity of the complication to be appraised
      and the optimum therapeutic tactics determined. The given classifications of this
      pathological conditions promote a differential approach in considering the
      indications and contraindications in each case. Analysis of 312 operations shows
      that correction of the abnormality under conditions of extra-corporeal
      circulation in combination with direct myocardial revascularization is the most
      adequate intervention.

PMID- 385963
TI  - [Pavel Evgen'evich Lukomskii (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 385964
TI  - [60-year observation of clinical picture of protracted septic endocarditis].

PMID- 385965
TI  - [U wave on the ECG].

PMID- 385966
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the myocardial contractile indices of the left
      ventricle in ischemic heart disease].
AB  - The indices of hemodynamics and myocardial contractility rate (end diastolic and
      end systolic volumes, ejection fraction, average rate of shortening of
      circumferential fibres, and average normalized rate of systolic ejection) were
      studied in 44 patients with ischemic heart disease to appraise the informative
      value of each parameter and reveal myocardial dysfunction. Calculations were done
      on an electronic computer system. The data obtained were compared with the
      findings in practically healthy persons. It was found that increase of the
      residual volume is the first sign of disturbed myocardial contractility and
      correlates well with the extent and volume of impaired contractility of the left
      ventricular segments. A decrease of the ejection fraction is noted only with an
      increase of the residual volume, the degree of the decrease correlating most
      closely with the degree of the decrease of the rate indices. The number and
      localization of the affected segments of the left ventricular wall have an effect
      on the contractile function of the myocardium.

PMID- 385967
TI  - Biosynthesis of basement membrane matrix by isolated rat renal glomeruli.
AB  - The incorporation of radioactive precursors into the extracellular basement
      membrane matrix has been investigated in a purified preparation of isolated rat
      kidney glomeruli. Using deoxycholate extraction of isolated glomeruli which were
      incubated with radioactively labeled amino acids and carbohydrates, as an assay
      system for the measurement of incorporation of basement membrane precursors into
      intact deoxycholate insoluble basement membrane material, we demonstrated the in
      vitro biosynthesis of this structure. The assay system minimized the possibility
      of contamination of the isolated labeled basement membrane with labeled cell
      membrane fragments which may occur with the standard isolation procedures
      involving sonication and centrifugation. A linear incorporation of labeled
      proline, lysine, glycine, glucosamine, and galactose into glomerular basement
      membrane was shown. Basement membrane synthesis was inhibited by metabolic
      poisons and protein synthesis inhibitors as well as by inhibitors of collagen
      synthesis, but not by colchicine, an inhibitor of collagen secretion. Rhe
      appearance of 14C-hydroxyproline in the basement membrane matrix was negligible
      during the first 4 hours of incubation and rose only to 1% of the total proline
      counts thereafter. The results are consistent with the characterization of
      glomerular basement membrane synthesis and deposition as a two component system
      comprising a rapidly synthesized and deposited noncollagenous glycoprotein
      component(s) and a collagenous component which is only deposited after a delay of
      4 to 6 hours.

PMID- 385968
TI  - [Orbital aspergillosis--a contribution to its diagnosis and treatment (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In connection with a case report, the mycological diagnosis and treatment of
      orbital aspergillosis are reviewed. In a 59-year-old male patient an exophthalmus
      on the right side could be diagnosed as aspergillosis spreading from the
      corresponding sinus maxillaris into retro- and peri-orbicular regions, after
      other causes had been excluded by differential diagnosis. In a biopsy specimen
      from the retrobulbar tumor, a fungal granuloma was found which, histologically
      and by isolation of the fungus, could be identified as an infection by A.
      fumigatus. Because of the good visus of the right eye, no exenteratio orbitae but
      an enoral revision of the sinus maxillaris, ethmoidal bone, and bottom of orbita
      was performed.--By infusions of amphotericin B and local washings with pimaricin
      (natamycin) in the sinus maxillaris and the region of the operation, a complete
      healing of the mycotic process was achieved.--Since 1 1/2 years, the patient has
      not had a relaps. This success of therapy was possible by exemplary cooperation
      of otorhinolaryngologists, ophthalmologists, pathologists and microbiologists.-
      In view of the prophylaxis of such infections, recent contributions to the
      epidemiology of aspergillosis are discussed.

PMID- 385969
TI  - [Contralateral penetrating corneal autotransplantation (author's transl)].

PMID- 385970
TI  - [In memory of Dr. Maria Mileska (1887-1978)].

PMID- 385973
TI  - Control of prolactin secretion in rats.

PMID- 385971
TI  - The clinical and physiological aspects of tuftsin deficiency syndromes exhibiting
      defective phagocytosis.
AB  - The tetrapeptide tuftsin (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) stimulates phagocytosis by blood
      neutrophilic granulocytes and tissue macrophages in a highly specific manner.
      Tuftsin is cleaved off the carrier gamma-globulin molecule as the free active
      form by two enzymes. One of these is in the spleen and the other on the outer
      membrane of the phagocyte. Congenital tuftsin deficiency usually arises when the
      peptide is mutated to an inactive peptide. The acquired type occurs if the spleen
      function is curtailed by removal or disease. Tuftsin deficiency is manifested by
      severe recurrent infections involving primarily the skin, lymph nodes and lungs.
      Therapy is limited to gamma-globulin injection along with appropriate
      chemotherapy.

PMID- 385974
TI  - [Noteworthy date: on the 75th anniversary of the discovery of conditioned
      reflexes (I. P. Pavlov)].

PMID- 385975
TI  - [Reflection of I. M. Sechenov's ideas in certain trends in the development of
      modern neurology (on the 150th anniversary of the birth of I. M. Sechenov)].

PMID- 385972
TI  - [Acute leukemia in multiple myeloma: case histories, a review of the literature
      and assessment of the incidence].
AB  - The results of a follow-up study of 112 patients with multiple myeloma are
      presented. Three of these patients developed acute leukaemia during the
      respective period of clinical observation (maximum: 11 years)--one case of acute
      myeloblastic leukaemia, myelomonocytic leukaemia and erythroleukaemia,
      respectively. For estimating the incidence of acute leukaemia in the presence of
      multiple myeloma an extended life table method was applied. On the basis of our
      data this method gave a probability of 5.9% for a patient to develop acute
      leukaemia at any time after the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. In a statistical
      discussion this result is considered to confirm the assumption of a highly
      increased AL-risk in patients with multiple myeloma. In a survey of the
      literature some important data of 100 cases with the association acute leukaemia-
      multiple myeloma are reported.

PMID- 385977
TI  - Computer-assisted morphometric analysis for three-dimensional cell shape.
AB  - Quantitative, morphometric analysis of 3-dimensional cell shape may prove to be a
      valuable adjunct to scanning electron microscopy and to the evaluation of
      epithelial transport phenomena. Therefore, to facilitate the wider use of cell
      shape analysis, a computer-assisted technique has been developed to supplement or
      replace the usually tedious and otherwise limited manual techniques previously
      available. The computer programs described here have been designed to run in a
      small laboratory computer, do not require a large amount of operator time, and
      are shown to provide an accuracy and efficiency not practical with manual
      procedures.

PMID- 385976
TI  - [Current concepts concerning the genesis of vestibulo-vegetative disorders in
      weightlessness].
AB  - The up-to-date hypotheses of the genesis of vestibulo-vegetative disorders in
      weightlessness are taken under critical analysis. Preference is given to the
      concept which attaches greatest importance to the changes in stereotyped
      interactions of analyzers responsible for space perception. It is, however,
      emphasized that neither hypothesis can account for all the phenomena seen in
      crewmembers in orbital flight. It is, therefore, indicated that mechanisms of
      vestibulo-vegetative disorders need further study. It is believed that the most
      promising line of research is to study the role of endogenous factors determining
      individual variations of motion sickness susceptibility.

PMID- 385978
TI  - Immunofluorescent localization of fibronectin in the human kidney.
AB  - Fibronectin is a glycoprotein shown previously to be present on the surfaces of
      cells, connective tissue matrices, and in extracellular fluids. Its distribution
      in the human kidney was evaluated by immunofluorescence methods studying 65 renal
      biopsies with a variety of pathologic disorders. Fibronectin was found in the
      mesangium of the normal kidney and increased proportionately in the disease
      states characterized by mesangial expansion. It was visualized in glomerular
      capillary loops in some biopsies with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis,
      diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis, and membranous nephropathy.
      Additionally, fibronectin was detected in glomerular crescents, diabetic nodules,
      vascular thrombi, glomerular sclerosis, and variably in the interstitium.

PMID- 385979
TI  - A passive transfer model of hyperacute rat cardiac allograft rejection.

PMID- 385980
TI  - County Medical Societies--1979-1980 officers: Tennessee Medical Association.

PMID- 385981
TI  - Forty years on the same job (or, orthopedic surgery can be fun).

PMID- 385982
TI  - Medical fees in early Nashville.

PMID- 385983
TI  - Enzyme-immunoassay of steroids: possibilities and pitfalls.

PMID- 385984
TI  - Non-radioisotopic homogeneous steroid immunoassays.

PMID- 385985
TI  - Gregory Pincus and steroidal contraception: a new departure in the history of
      mankind.

PMID- 385986
TI  - Action of a non-steroid anti-androgen, RU 23908, in peripheral and central
      tissues.

PMID- 385987
TI  - Improved long-acting fertility regulating agents: what are the problems?

PMID- 385988
TI  - Interactions of gonadal steroids, gonadotropins and gonadotropin-releasing
      hormones in sexual maturation.

PMID- 385989
TI  - Role of sex steroids in the initiation of puberty.

PMID- 385991
TI  - Control mechanisms in oocyte growth and maturation.

PMID- 385990
TI  - Quantitative determination of specific proteins in rat epididymis.

PMID- 385992
TI  - Blastocyst oestrogen: an essential factor for the control of implantation.

PMID- 385993
TI  - Interaction of oestrogen and of physiological progesterone metabolites in the
      control of gonadotropin secretion.

PMID- 385995
TI  - Regulation of gonadal steroid rhythms in rats.

PMID- 385994
TI  - Changes in the mechanisms of steroid action during aging.

PMID- 385997
TI  - Anaplastic cardcinoma of the thyroid in a population irradiated for Hodgkin
      Disease, 1910--1960.
AB  - Post-irradiation carcinoma of the thyroid is usually histologically well
      differentiated. In general, those subjects who developed carcinoma had been
      exposed to low-to-moderate doses of irradiation for benign conditions. We
      reviewed the charts of 520 patients with Hodgkin's disease seen at Roswell Park
      Memorial Institute, and found 2 cases of anaplastic carcinoma amongst other
      thyroidal abnormalities. The existing reports of post-irradiation carcinoma are
      reviewed and suggestions are made for the management of heavily irradiated,
      potentially cured patients with Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 385996
TI  - The alcoholic personality. A reanalysis of the literature.
AB  - A review of the literature suggests that the concept of "the alcoholic
      personality" might be usefully broken down into two concepts--a clinical
      alcoholic personality and a prealcoholic personality.

PMID- 385998
TI  - Simple method for measurement of cardiac output by thermodilution after cardiac
      operation.
AB  - Cardiac output by the thermodilution technique was measured by a new No. 2 Fr.
      transthoracic (2F-TT) thermistor catheter placed at cardiac operation into the
      pulmonary artery directly through the right ventricular outflow tract. Cold (0
      degree C) 5% dextrose in water (D5W) was used as indicator and injected through a
      percutaneously placed central venous pressure (CVP) catheter in the jugular vein.
      Comparison to the No. 7 Fr. Swan-Ganz (7F-SG) catheter demonstrated a close
      correlation (r = 0.87) and almost identical mean thermodilution cardiac output
      values during 530 determinations in 10 patients. No difficulty was experienced in
      insertion or removal of the 2F-TT catheter and no bleeding complications were
      noted. Experiments in six dogs showed that variation in position of the tip of
      the CVP catheter within the superior vena caval venous system and right atrium
      was not a critical factor in measurement of thermodilution cardiac output. The
      thermodilution cardiac output technique in general and the ease of insertion, as
      well as the small size of the 2F-TT catheter, should make this method especially
      advantageous in infants and small children.

PMID- 385999
TI  - Swaddling then, there and now: historical, anthropological and current practices.
AB  - Swaddling is an ancient practice which has been used for many reasons in almost
      every country in the world. Some current investigators have noted that the
      inhibition of movement by swaddling seems to quiet irritable babies and this
      might be a useful nursing intervention.

PMID- 386001
TI  - Werner Forssmann (1904--1979) and his unusual success story.

PMID- 386000
TI  - Clinical pharmacology. Series on pharmacology in practice. 4. Theophylline.
      Practical application of new knowledge.

PMID- 386002
TI  - The strange case of Dr. Pierpont--could this happen to you? Part 1: The spoiler:
      a biographical sketch of Ross Zimmermann Pierpont, MD.

PMID- 386003
TI  - The strange case of Dr. Pierpont--could this happen to you? Part 2: The Buscemi
      case and its ramifications (selected excerpts from the unpublished book
      manuscript of All the Supreme Court's Men).

PMID- 386004
TI  - The strange case of Dr. Pierpont--could this happen to you? Part 3: A doctor's
      political life: an exclusive interview with Ross Z. Pierpont, MD.

PMID- 386005
TI  - Age-related changes in immune function of rats and the effect of long-term
      hypophysectomy.
AB  - The effect of age on the ability of rats to raise antibodies to sheep
      erythrocytes and on the number of IgM plaque-forming cells in the spleen was
      investigated. An age-related decline in both parameters was observed.
      Additionally, the possibility that long-term hypophysectomy coupled with minimal
      replacement therapy might result in a delay and/or reversal of the age-related
      decline in immune function was studied. It was observed that long-term
      hypophysectomized rats responded better to immunization with sheep erythrocytes
      than did their age-matched unoperated littermates. The possible relationship of
      this to aging is discussed.

PMID- 386006
TI  - [New concepts about the properties of albumins of body fluids and the
      identification of their different molecular variants].

PMID- 386007
TI  - [The 1st operation on the head and brain in Vakuf hospital in Sarajevo].

PMID- 386008
TI  - Pathology: the evolution of a specialty in American medicine.
AB  - The historical evolution of pathology as a full-time specialty in medicine is
      viewed as a response of pathologists to changes in the level and pattern of
      demand for their services. The development and decline of morphologic pathology,
      changes in academic pathology and the evolution of clinical pathology from a
      medical specialty to an industry with an extensive division of labor are all
      examined in this perspective. It is shown that pathology as a medical specialty
      is most successful within a limited range of demand, neither too low to support
      full-time specialization nor too high to lead to deprofessionalization through
      routinization of the work activities of pathologists.

PMID- 386009
TI  - [Antibiotic treatment of pneumococcal meningitis (author's transl)].
AB  - Pneumococcal meningitis, which represents the third in frequency among the
      purulent forms of meningitis, continues to be, in spite of antibiotic therapy, a
      serious problem due to its high mortality rate, which reaches 50 per cent in
      patients of advanced age. The antibiotic treatment of choice is penicillin G,
      using chloramphenicol as the substitute antibiotic and the cephalosporins in
      other instances. This article is a review of the cases of pneumococcal meningitis
      which were admitted to our hospital in the period between 1969-1977, placing
      especial stress on the therapy followed. Our experience in the treatment of 28
      patients affected with this condition indicates therapeutic success in 45 per
      cent of the cases treated with penicillin G, and a rate of 70 per cent using
      cephaloridine. In view of these results we believe that cephaloridine should be
      considered an important alternative antibiotic in the therapy of pneumococcal
      meningitis.

PMID- 386011
TI  - An interactive computer program to teach and investigate diagnostic processing.
AB  - An interactive computer program designed to present information about a patient
      taken from a history, physical examination and investigations is described. The
      application and advantages of the technique for the purposes of teaching and
      investigating medical (diagnostic) problem-solving are briefly discussed.

PMID- 386010
TI  - Use of an interactive teaching program to teach medical workers, about MUMPS
      programming.
AB  - The MUMPS computer language is widely and increasingly used for medical
      applications. It is useful for medical students and others in the medical
      environment to have an understanding of such languages that can help them perform
      their jobs well. The author is therefore making available an interactive teaching
      program to instruct such people in the MUMPS computer language. Use of the
      teaching program is reported for 19 novice MUMPS programmers and compared with
      results for two experienced programmers. Free-text comments by the novices
      emphasize areas in which they had difficulty. There is a considerable variation
      in the mean time taken by the novices to answer the questions, and in the number
      of questions repeated because of erroneous answers. Most novices found the
      teaching program very helpful. A copy of the Standard MUMPS teaching program and
      the QUEST driver on which it is based has been sent to 24 institutions, including
      six in Europe and one in Japan, for further use.

PMID- 386013
TI  - [Professor G. Decroix].

PMID- 386012
TI  - [Early ureteral complications after renal transplantation (author's transl)].
AB  - Ureteral complications occurred in 23 cases after 225 renal transplantations. The
      complications consisted of 17 urinary fistulas and 6 stenoses of the ureter.
      Fourteen of the urinary fistulas were successfully treated by conservative
      management. Two transplants were lost secondary to operation because of ureteral
      obstruction. Factors contributing to ureteral leakage were the technique of
      ureteral anastomosis, the handling of the donor ureter during donor nephrectomy
      and possibly ureteral necrosis by rejection crises. Ureteral stenosis and
      rejection crisis may have the same symptoms. Urinary fistulas can easily be
      observed by the urine extravasation. The treatment of urinary fistulas can be
      managed only by replacing the suprapubical drainage. The stenosis of ureter with
      subsequent deterioration of graft function needs an operation with the danger of
      loss of the transplanted kidney.

PMID- 386014
TI  - Molecular cloning vectors derived from the CoLE1 type plasmid pMB1.

PMID- 386015
TI  - [Claude Bernard and experimental medicine: epistemology and experimentation].

PMID- 386016
TI  - [Louis Pasteur's studies on fermentation and spontaneous generation].

PMID- 386017
TI  - [The objectivity of science].

PMID- 386018
TI  - [Popper and Lakatos: the polemic on the minor planet].

PMID- 386019
TI  - [Edgar Allan Poe, epistemologist].

PMID- 386020
TI  - [Early studies on the interrelation of history, legal medicine and epistemology].

PMID- 386021
TI  - Modelling in biomechanics: an overview.
AB  - The state of the art in biomechanical modelling is reviewed with specific
      reference being made to physical and mathematical idealizations of the human body
      and its segments. Scale models and anthropomorphic dummies which fall within the
      physical category are discussed briefly. Mathematical models which are much more
      prevalent and virtually synonymous with computer simulation models are then
      considered in two major classifications: deformable element and rigid body
      representations. The former include lumped parameter, discrete parameter, finite
      element and continuum models and are commonly used to represent the vertebral
      column. Examples of rigid body models of the total body response and inertial
      parameter variety are outlined. Finally, topics relating directly to the
      construction of sport and locomotion models are discussed. These include
      considerations for developing a static or dynamic model, utilizing Newtonian or
      Lagrangian equations of motion, and dealing with indeterminate systems.

PMID- 386022
TI  - [30 years of industrialized medical and laboratory technology in the German
      Democratic Republic].

PMID- 386023
TI  - [Possibilities of using lasers in medical endoscopy].
AB  - The article presents a review and analysis of publications dealing with laser use
      in endoscopy. Construction of light guides and laser-endoscope models are
      discussed intended for bleeding coagulation, neoplasm destruction and stimulation
      of regenerative processes in pathologically changed tissues.

PMID- 386024
TI  - [Testing of arthro-menthoneurine gel in 100 cases of a medical practice].

PMID- 386025
TI  - [The development of modern geriatrics].

PMID- 386026
TI  - [Transient ischemia attacks in general practice].

PMID- 386027
TI  - [G. W. Korting on his 60. birthday].

PMID- 386028
TI  - Gonadal dysfunction in systemic disorders.

PMID- 386029
TI  - Insulin deficiency and insulin resistance interaction in diabetes: estimation of
      their relative contribution by feedback analysis from basal plasma insulin and
      glucose concentrations.
AB  - The liver and beta cells function in a negative feedback loop, which appears to
      have a predominant role in regulating both the basal plasma glucose and insulin
      concentrations. The degree of basal hyperglycemia in diabetes probably provides a
      bioassay of both the effect of a reduction in insulin secretory capacity and the
      degree of insulin resistance. A mathematic model of the interaction of insulin
      deficiency and insulin resistance has been constructed, based on the known
      response characteristics of the beta cells to glucose, and of plasma glucose and
      insulin control of hepatic and peripherpal glucose flux. The degree to which beta
      cell deficiency increases basal plasma glucose reflects the hyperbolic shape of
      the normal insulin secretory response to different glucose concentrations. The
      height of basal plasma insulin is a function of the degree of insulin resistance.
      From the basal plasma insulin and glucose concentrations, the model provides an
      estimate of the degree to which both beta cell deficiency and insulin resistance
      contribute to diabetes. The predictions arising from the model are in accord with
      experimental data in man and in animals. In normal-weight diabetics who do not
      have increased insulin resistance, the model predicts that more than 85% of beta
      cell function has to be lost for the basal plasma glucose to rise to 6
      mmol/liter, but a further 5%--10% loss increases the basal plasma glucose to over
      10 mmol/liter. In a third of a consecutive series of 65 newly presenting,
      uncomplicated diabetics, both normal weight and obese, the analysis from the
      model suggested that insulin resistance, rather than beta cell deficit, was the
      predominant feature.

PMID- 386030
TI  - Isolation and characterization of DNA repetitions carrying the chromosomal beta
      lactamase gene of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A ColEl hybrid plasmid, pNUl, carrying the amp operon coding for chromosomal beta
      lactamase was isolated from the Clarke and Carbon collection and physically
      mapped. The physical location of ampC within this plasmid was further deduced by
      in vitro cloning. By reciprocal recombination between pNUl and chromosome of two
      unstable beta-lactamase hyperproducing E. coli K-12 mutants a large plasmid from
      each mutant was obtained. The respective plasmid was physically mapped and found
      to contain five and two repeated DNA segments. The repetitions within each
      plasmid were equal in size, 9,800 bp and 11,900 bp respectively and were
      organized in tandem. The end points of the repeats were different in the two
      plasmids but shared a DNA segment carrying the ampC gene. The chromosomal DNA of
      the beta-lactamase hyperproducing E. coli mutants were found to contain an
      amplified DNA segment equal in size to the repeated unit found in the respective
      plasmid. The data shows that up to 10 identical repeats organized in tandem can
      be generated by a normal mutation frequency in E. coli.

PMID- 386032
TI  - Synthesis and degradation of lac mRNA in E. coli depleted of 30S ribosomal
      subunits.
AB  - Escherichia coli was depleted of active ribosomes by a thermal shock at 47
      degrees C which quantitatively destroyed the 30S ribosomal subunits. During
      recovery, RNA is synthesized while protein synthesis resumes only after about 90
      minutes. It is shown that lac mRNA is synthesized in the complete absence of
      ribosomal activity and hence RNA synthesis is not coupled to protein synthesis.
      Transcription time and average transcript length were slightly less than in
      untreated cells. lac mRNA was degraded much more slowly in bacteria depleted of
      ribosomes. In E. coli W both functional half life (T 1/2 = 28 min vs. 2.25 in
      untreated cells) and chemical stability. The analysis of rna and pnp mutants
      showed that polynucleotide phosphorylase is involved in lac mRNA degradation in
      heat treated cells but that RNase I is not. The functional T 1/2 was increased in
      pnp mutants and was 95 min during the recovery period. The rate of chemical decay
      is so slow that the half-life cannot be accurately determined.

PMID- 386031
TI  - Relief of polarity in E. coli depleted of 30S ribosomal subunits.
AB  - Escherichia coli was depleted of ribosomes by a thermal shock at 47 degrees C
      which quantitatively destroyed the 30S ribosomal subunits. During recovery in
      minimal medium at 30 degrees C RNA is synthesized while protein synthesis resumes
      only after about 90 min. It is shown that lac mRNA is synthesized in the complete
      absence of ribosomal activity and hence RNA synthesis is not coupled to protein
      synthesis. Lac mRNA from a series of lac nonsense mutants was examined in both
      heated and untreated cells. It was found that the polar effect of nonsense
      mutation is relieved in the absence of ribosomes and that this relief is due to
      the synthesis of larger mRNA molecules. Since Rho remained active in thermally
      treated cells, premature termination at secondary signals within the lac operon
      must also depend on the presence of active ribosomes.

PMID- 386033
TI  - Isolation and characterisation of a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae deficient
      in in vitro RNA polymerase B(II) activity.
AB  - Two hundred strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae temperature sensitive for RNA
      synthesis were selected and screened in crude extracts for DNA-dependent RNA
      polymerase activities. One strain was isolated which had only residual in vitro
      RNA polymerase B activity. In normal growth conditions total RNA, poly A+ RNA and
      protein synthesis were indistinguishable from those of the wild type strain at 23
      degrees C and after shift to 37 degrees C. A temperature sensitive phenotype was
      detected only when rpoB containing strains were grown in adverse conditions. The
      mutant character showed mendelian segregation and was coexpressed with the wild
      type character in heterozygous diploids. Residual enzyme activity was
      characterised in crude extracts using synthetic polymers and natural templates in
      different ionic conditions.

PMID- 386034
TI  - Biogenesis of mitochondria 51: biochemical characterization of a mitochondrial
      mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae affecting the mitochondrial ribosome by
      conferring resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics.
AB  - An examination of the effect of the aminoglycoside antibiotics paromomycin and
      neomycin on mitochondrial ribosome function in yeast has been made. Both
      antibiotics are potent inhibitors of protein synthesis in isolated mitochondria.
      With isolated mitochondrial ribosomes programmed with polyuridylic acid (poly U),
      the drugs are shown to inhibit polyphenylalanine synthesis at moderately high
      concentrations (above 100 microgram/ml). At lower concentrations (about 10
      microgram/ml), paromomycin and neomycin cause a 2-3 fold stimulation in the
      extent of misreading of the UUU codons in poly U, over and above the significant
      level of misreading catalyzed by the ribosomes in the absence of drugs.
      Comparative studies have been made between a paromomycin sensitive strain D585
      11C and a mutant strain 4810P carrying the par l-r mutation in mtDNA, which leads
      to high resistance to both paromomycin and neomycin in vivo. A high level of
      resistance to these antibiotics is observed in strain 4810P at the level of
      mitochondrial protein synthesis in vitro. Whilst the degree of resistance of
      isolated mitochondrial ribosomes from strain 4810P judged by the inhibition of
      polyphenylalanine synthesis by paromomycin and neomycin is not extensive, studies
      on misreading of the poly U message promoted by these drugs demonstrate
      convincingly the altered properties of mitochondrial ribosomes from the mutant
      strain 4810P. These ribosomes show resistance to the stimulation of misreading of
      the codon UUU brought about by paromomycin and neomycin in wild-type
      mitochondrial ribosomes. Although strain 4810P was originally isolated as being
      resistant to paromomycin, in all the in vitro amino acid incorporation systems
      tested here, the 4810P mitochondrial ribosomes show a higher degree of resistance
      to neomycin than to paromomycin. It is concluded that the parl-r mutation in
      strain 4810P affects a component of the mitochondrial ribosome, possibly by
      altering the 15S rRNA or a protein of the small ribosomal subunit. The further
      elucidation of the functions in the ribosomes that are modified by the parl-r
      mutation was hampered by the inability of current preparations of yeast
      mitochondrial ribosomes to translate efficiently natural messenger RNAs from the
      several sources tested.

PMID- 386035
TI  - Post-translational modification of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S6.
AB  - Escherichia coli has multiple forms of ribosomal protein S6, differing in number
      of glutamyl resideus at the C-terminal end. Three forms are revealed when crude
      cell extracts are fractionated by a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
      technique. Pulse-chase experiments show that the shortest and most alkaline form
      of S6 is the first to appear. In about one doubling time this form reaches
      equilibrium with the two other forms of S6, implicating the existence of an
      enzyme, which adds glutamic acid residues to S6. We show that the relative levels
      of these three S6 forms are not affected by the growth rate of the culture.

PMID- 386036
TI  - Restriction enzyme analysis of the plasmid ColIb DNA.
AB  - Plasmid ColIb (61.5 Mdal) was digested with restriction enzymes EcoRI and
      HindIII. The DNA digestion products were separated by electrophoresis on 1.2%
      agarose gels. There were identified 22 fragments of ColIb DNA generated by the
      endonuclease EcoRI and 21 fragments produced by HindIII. Molecular weights of the
      fragments were estimated. The total molecular weight of the fragments generated
      by EcoRI was 61.42 Mdal and for HindIII fragments 62.79 Mdal.

PMID- 386037
TI  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants defective in the maturation of ribosomal RNA.
AB  - Slow-growing mutants were isolated after mutagenesis of the osmotic-sensitive
      strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae VY1160. The isolated mutants in rich media have
      generation times from 300 to 400 min at 30 degrees C. Studies on the biosynthesis
      of rRNAX have shown, that the processing of 37S pre-rRNA in 6 of the slow-growing
      mutants occurs 3 to 4 times slower than in the parental strain. These mutants
      with decreased rate of rRNA maturation are of two different types. In some of
      them the processing of both 37S and 27S pre-rRNA is slowed down, while the
      mutants from the second group are acharacterized by a specific inhibition of the
      step 27S pre-rRNA leads to 25S rRNA. Experiments in which the synthesis of
      macromolecules was studied, have shown that in the mutants and in the parental
      strain, RNA and proteins are synthesized at comparable rates. Preliminary results
      suggest that the decreased rate of rRNA processing in three of the isolated
      mutants might be due to an insufficient function of the enzymes involved in the
      maturation of rRNA.

PMID- 386038
TI  - Deletions, insertions and rearrangements affecting rpoB gene expression.
AB  - Through cloning and deletion experiments on ColEl hybrids the rpoB gene (Rifr)
      was located on a physical restriction map; RNA polymerase binding studies showed
      no binding site within the structural gene. The genetic data and RNA polymerase
      binding studies lead to the conclusion that rp/L and rpoB are dependent upon a
      common promoter.

PMID- 386039
TI  - Biosynthesis of RNA polymerase in Escherichia coli. IX. Growth-dependent
      variations in the synthesis rate, content and distribution of RNA polymerase.

PMID- 386040
TI  - The effects of an Escherichia coli dnaAts mutation on the replication of the
      plasmids colE1 pSC101, R100.1 and RTF-TC.
AB  - The rate of replication of the plasmids colE1, pSC101, R100.1 and pAR132 (an RTF
      TC derivative of the drug resistance factor R100.1) has been investigated
      directly by DNA:DNA hybridization. These rates have been compared, in a dnaAts
      strain, to that of various markers of the host chromosome at permissive and non
      permissive temperatures. Chromosome initiation in the dnaAts strain stops rapidly
      after a shift to the non-permissive temperature, but plasmids R100.1 and pAR132
      do not seem to be affected directly and continue replication for some time. The
      colE1 replication rate undergoes a large increase after the temperature shift,
      followed by a rapid decrease to a very low level 25 min after the shift. In
      contrast pSC101 replication stops immediately after the shift. ColE1 is able to
      replicate in an integratively suppressed dnaAts strain at 42 degrees C whereas
      pSC101 stops replication immediately under these conditions. We conclude that
      R100.1 and its derivative RTF-TC can replicate without a functional dnaA product;
      that colE1, while affected by a shift in temperature in a dnaAts strain, does not
      directly require dnaA; and that the plasmid pSC101 has an absolute requirement
      for dnaA. The absolute requirement of pSC101 for dnaA in the integratively
      suppressed Hfr strain provides a useful system for further investigation of the
      dnaA function.

PMID- 386041
TI  - Genetic analysis of the inter-relationship between plasmid replication and
      incompatibility.
AB  - The relationship between replication control and plasmid incompatibility has been
      investigated using a composite replicon, pPM1, which consists of the pSC101
      plasmid ligated to another small multicopy plasmid, RSF1050. Since pPM1 can
      utilise the replication system of either of the two functionally distinct
      components, propagation of the composite plasmid can occur in the presence of a
      mutation of one of its moieties. Such mutants are detected by their inability to
      rescue the composite plasmid under conditions not permissive for replication of
      the other moiety. Mutations in incompatibility functions can be detected by the
      failure of the composite replicon to exclude co-existing plasmids carrying a
      replication system identical to the one on pPM1. The inability of the composite
      plasmid to replicate at 42 degrees in a host synthesizing temperature-sensitive
      DNA polymerase I, which is required by the RSF1050 replication system, was used
      to isolate pPM1 mutants defective in replication of the pSC101 component. Mutants
      defective in the incompatibility functions of pSC101 were obtained by selecting
      derivatives that allow the stable coexistence of a second pSC101 replicon in the
      same cell. Analysis of these two classes of mutants indicates that plasmids
      selected for defective pSC101 replication ability nervertheless retain pSC101
      incompatibility. In contrast, plasmid mutants that have lost incompatibility
      functions were found always to be defective in replication ability.

PMID- 386042
TI  - A dnaB analog ban, specified by bacteriophage P1: genetic and physiological
      evidence for functional analogy and interactions between the two products.
AB  - Bacteriophage P1 has been shown previously to determine a product ban that can
      substitute in DNA replication for the protein specified by cis-tron dnaB of
      Escherichia coli. However, ban product furnished by P1 bac prophage (ban
      constitutive) substitutes only poorly for DNA replication in the absence of dnaB
      product in a strain bearing an unsuppressed amber mutation, dnaB266, as shown by
      the cryosensitivity of the dnaB266 (P1 bac) lysogen and its unability to support
      lambda growth. An additional mutation (termed crr) in the P1 bac prophage has
      been obtained which confers cryoresistance to the sup+ dnaB266 (P1 bac crr)
      lysogen and restores its ability to support lambda growth. ban product produced
      in P1 bac crr lysogen fulfills all dnaB roles in vivo, especially in the various
      instances in which ban product expressed in P1 bac lysogens does not. The ban
      product is expressed constitutively in P1 crr prophage. The crr-1 mutation is
      tightly linied to the bac-1 and ban-1 mutations and is dominant over crr+. The
      nature of the crr mutation is discussed: two hypotheses are considered, that of a
      mutation in the ban gene rendering the ban product more active or that of a site
      mutation in the ban operon increasing the level of ban expression. Expression of
      ban product (wild type or altered) leads to interactions with the variously
      altered dnaB product. Both positive and negative interactions are described.
      Genetic results presented here suggest that ban and dnaB subunits interact to
      form hybrid dnaB-like molecules; the average composition of which depends on the
      relative quantities of ban and dnaB subunits in the cell.

PMID- 386043
TI  - A new pleiotropic bacteriophage P1 mutation, bof, affecting c1 repression
      activity, the expression of plasmid incompatibility and the expression of certain
      constitutive prophage genes.
AB  - In bacteriophage P1 an amber mutation in a new gene, bof, has been isolated. The
      bof-1 phage mutant exhibits a pleiotropic phenotype; bof product is non
      essential, and acts as a positive modulator. In P1 bac-1 mutants, in which a dnaB
      analog product, ban, is expressed constitutively, the bof product activates ban
      expression both in the prophage state and in lytic growth: P1 bof bac prophages
      have a reduced ban activity and in lytic growth P1 bof bac phages show a lower
      ban activity than P1 wild type. This effect on ban activity is observed
      specifically in P1 bac-1 mutants; it is not mediated by the c1 repressor of the
      lytic functions (repressor of the ban operon) since this effect occurs even if
      the phage carries a heat sensitive c1 repressor. Thus we concluded that the bac
      mutation put the ban operon under an abnormal, unknown control, modulated by the
      bof product. P1 bof lysogens show an increased immunity to superinfecting P1
      phage and are affected in their inducibility properties; in the presence of the
      altered c1-100 repressor, bof product is required for maintenance of lysogeny, as
      shown by the induction of P1 c1-100 bof-1 lysogens at 30 degrees. P1 bof
      superinfecting phage can be established together with a resident P1 bof prophage
      in a recA host, unlike P1 wild type which cannot form double lysogens. P1 bof
      double lysogens are unstable and segregate one or the other prophage. P1 Cm bof
      and P1 Km bof lysogens show higher levels of antibiotic resistance than the
      corresponding bof+ lysogens. The bof gene has been mapped, in an interval defined
      by P1 prophage deletion end points, far from both ban and c1. All bof phenotypes
      are reversed by single mutations.

PMID- 386044
TI  - Construction of an HpaI and HindII plasmid vector allowing direct selection of
      transformants harboring recombinant plasmids.
AB  - The construction of the vector plasmid PKN80 is described, which can be used as
      HpaI or HindII cloning vehicle with direct selection on transformants harboring
      hybrid plasmids. pKN80 carries the EcoRI.C fragment of phage Mu DNA coding for a
      killing function which is efficiently expressed upon transformation of pKN80 into
      Mu-sensitive bacteria. Cloning of DNA fragments at the single HpaI site of pKN80
      results in insertional inactivation of the killing function. Whereas religated
      pKN80 molecules yielded only a few transformants, the transformation efficiency
      had been increased by a factor of at least ten when HpaI fagments of lambda DNA
      were added to the linearized vector prior to ligation. More than 90% of the
      transformants tested containted hybrid plasmids.

PMID- 386045
TI  - Failure of response of menopausal vasomotor symptoms to clonidine.
AB  - A double-blind crossover trial of clonidine failed to show any effect of the drug
      on menopausal vasomotor symptoms. A significant placebo effect was observed, the
      effect being greater in those with long-standing symptoms and a high neurotic
      index.

PMID- 386046
TI  - Picro-mercuro-formol: a fixative for histochemical studies.
AB  - The mixture of saturated solutions of pieric acid and mercuric chloride in the
      ratio of 9:9 forms a versatile fixative when added with 2 parts of 40%
      formaldehyde. It works satisfactorily with a number of histochemical reagents and
      even histological staining methods. The fixative may be applied for various types
      of tissue.

PMID- 386047
TI  - Quantitative image analysis: applications using sequential transformations.
AB  - The theoretical foundations of quantitative image analysis and its implementation
      in the Leitz T.A.S. have been discussed in the preceeding paper [4]. Especially
      the Mathematical Morphology and its recent developments have been pointed out.
      Sequential image transformations are a new approach of morphological analysis.
      Elementary transform steps, which are hardwired in the device, performed in
      specific sequences, which are implemented as macroinstructions in the programming
      language have proven to be a very useful tool in image analysis. A specific
      sequence of elementary steps will be referred to as morphological function. This
      new approach will be illustrated by four general examples: analysis of fibers,
      computing the number of edges for metallic grains, separation of overlapping
      cells, analysis of minerals which occur free and locked to another one.

PMID- 386048
TI  - A concept for stereological investigation of rat kidney.
AB  - An attempt is presented to adapt sampling procedures for stereological
      investigation of rat kidney. The proposed experimental design considers the zonal
      construction, in particular the structural and osmotic features of this organ.
      Every zone is treated as an own entity inregard to sample collection. In order to
      uncover possibly existing preferential orientation of structures the application
      of two mutually perpendicular section planes is recommended. Furthermore a method
      is described to determine absolute volumes and surface of structural components.

PMID- 386049
TI  - Role of the interstitial matrix and lymphatic pump in regulation of
      transcapillary fluid balance.

PMID- 386051
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of exosporium from spores of a highly
      sporogenic mutant of Clostridium botulinum type A.
AB  - Homogeneous fragments of exosporium were isolated and purified from mature spores
      of a highly sporogenic mutant derived from Clostridium botulinum type A strain
      190L. The exosporium was composed of three lamellae and showed a hexagonal array
      when negatively stained. The hexagonal array of isolated exosporium was resistant
      to sodium dodecyl sulfate, urea, dithiothreitol, and proteolytic enzymes such as
      trypsin, pronase, and nagarse, except for pepsin. The hexagonal array was
      partially disintegrated with 5 M guanidine-HCl and almost completely disrupted
      with 8 M urea in combination with 1% mercaptoethanol under alkaline conditions.
      The purified exosporium fraction was composed mainly of protein (69.1%) and
      lipids (13.8%). A small amount of amino sugars (2.5%) was present, but neutral
      sugars could not be detected. The exosporium protein had a predominantly acidic
      amino acid composition accompanied by low levels of cystine, methionine, and
      histidine.

PMID- 386050
TI  - Microcirculatory effects of prostacyclin (PGI2) in the hamster cheek pouch.

PMID- 386052
TI  - Effects of age and starvation on the gastrointestinal microflora and the heat
      resistance of fecal bacteria in rats.

PMID- 386053
TI  - Further studies on generation of macrophages in in vitro cultures of mouse spleen
      cells and its inhibition by the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PMID- 386054
TI  - Protective effect of OK-432 (a streptococcal preparation) on experimental
      candidiasis.

PMID- 386055
TI  - Presence of spirosomes in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 386056
TI  - Membrane glycoproteins shed in defence of the cells of the gastrointestinal
      tract.
AB  - The cells lining the gastrointestinal tract are exposed to various potentially
      harmful agents, including plant lectins and microorganisms. It is proposed that
      glycoproteins within the mucus layer of the gut protect against these agents. A
      hypothesis is presented that membrane glycoproteins are shed and, within the
      mucus close to the cell surface, block the binding of lectins or attachment of
      microorganisms to membrane receptors. A model is presented that demonstrates that
      such blocking can be achieved by soluble glycoproteins. The implications of this
      hypothesis in health and disease are discussed.

PMID- 386057
TI  - Malaria in Australia.

PMID- 386058
TI  - Quantitative counts in urine microscopy.

PMID- 386059
TI  - Treatment of acute stroke.

PMID- 386060
TI  - Chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria.

PMID- 386061
TI  - Efficacy of atenolol and oxprenolol in the treatment of arterial hypertension. A
      comparison.
AB  - Twenty-seven patients with mild to moderate arterial hypertension were treated
      "double-blind" with either atenolol of oxprenolol. Placebo was given for four
      weeks before the beta-blocking drugs were administered. Atenolol was given in
      doses of either 50 mg twice a day, 100 mg twice a day or 100 mg once a day for
      periods of four weeks. Oxprenolol was given in doses of either 80 mg or 160 mg
      twice a day for the same duration. Patients were assessed at the end of each four
      week period. The mean blood pressure and pulse rate did not vary significantly
      for the two different dose regimens at which each drug was administered. There
      was no statistical difference between the reduction of systolic blood pressure
      produced by the two drugs, but there was a significant difference in the
      reduction in diastolic blood pressure in favour of atenolol (P less than 0.05
      supine; P less than 0.01 erect). A single, 100-mg daily dose of atenolol was just
      as effective as 50 mg or 100 mg twice a day. Similarly, an 80 mg twice a day dose
      of oxprenolol was just as effective as that of 160 mg twice a day. Side effects
      for each drug were not statistically different from those recorded with placebo.

PMID- 386062
TI  - Labetalol and bendrofluazide: comparison of their antihypertensive effects.
AB  - A randomized double-blind crossover trial of labetalol, bendrofluazide and
      placebo was carried out in 18 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. The
      reduction in blood pressure observed with labetalol and bendrofluazide was
      similar. The plasma levels of labetalol showed a significant correlation with
      changes in blood pressure (r = 0.07; P less than 0.021); and plasma level
      determinations of this drug may be of value in the management of patients who
      receive antihypertensive agents.

PMID- 386063
TI  - Cimetidine in the treatment of reflux oesophagitis.
AB  - Twenty-two adult patients with active endoscopically proven reflux oesophagitis
      entered a double-blind trial of treatment with either cimetidine (1 g/day) or
      placebo. A repeat endoscopy was carried out at eight weeks after the beginning of
      treatment on 19 of the patients. The mucosa appeared macroscopically normal at
      eight weeks in 81.8% of the cimetidine-treated patients, while 90% of patients
      were described histologically as having a normal or unremarkable mucosa. The
      results in placebo-treated patients were 55.6% and 44.4% respectively. The
      cimetidine-treated patients consumed significantly less antacids than the placebo
      treated patients, and the over all assessment of their well-being was
      significantly better (90.9% patient satisfaction with treatment in the cimetidine
      group compared to 18.2% in the placebo group). Two patients in the placebo group
      did not complete the trial due to continuing severity of their symptoms, while
      none in the cimetidine group felt that their condition had remained static or was
      worse.

PMID- 386064
TI  - [Treatment of ankylosing spondylitis].

PMID- 386065
TI  - [Carbohydrate-reduced diet and metabolism: about the influence of a 4-weeks
      isocaloric fat-rich, carbohydrate-reduced diet on body weight and metabolism
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The influence of a 4-weeks carbohydrate-reduced, fat-rich diet on 9 slightly
      overweighted men was investigated. Caloric and protein intake remained unchanged.
      70% were fat, 20% carbohydrates. Glucose, cholesterol, triglycerids,
      serumproteins, urea, uric acid, sodium and potassium were measured in rest. At a
      60 minutes bicycle ergometer test glucose, triglycerids, free fatty acids and
      glycerol were registrated before and after 20 and 60 minutes work. The intensity
      was 70% of the maximal oxygen uptake. These were the most important results: (1)
      Body weight decreased continuously. One of the causes is an elevated heat
      production. (2) Serum-protein and -glucose remained unchanged. Cholesterol and
      triglycerides were reduced. Serum-urea, -sodium and -potassium diminished
      continually. On the contrary, uric acid raised over the normal range. (3) Work
      performance was reduced for 20%. (4) Hypoglycemic values did not appear. The
      oxidation of fat by the working muscles, and fat mobilisation increased by a fat
      rich diet.

PMID- 386066
TI  - [Cardiac neurosis].

PMID- 386067
TI  - [New concepts in stimulation and conduction disorders].

PMID- 386068
TI  - [The study of the placenta. Its value for the evaluation of the condition of the
      newborn].

PMID- 386070
TI  - Advances in oral-facial deformity reconstruction.

PMID- 386069
TI  - 1979 William D. Coolidge Award.

PMID- 386071
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy for large bowel cancer: an optimistic appraisal.

PMID- 386072
TI  - Adjuvant therapy of malignant melanoma.

PMID- 386073
TI  - Investigational new drugs in cancer chemotherapy.

PMID- 386074
TI  - A model for NHI in America.

PMID- 386076
TI  - Kickbacks account for most fraud in hospitals.

PMID- 386075
TI  - New Medicare forms don't make sense.

PMID- 386077
TI  - Government relations takes more of reimbursement directors' time.

PMID- 386078
TI  - 1-Naphthylthiourea: a mutagenic rodenticide that transforms hamster embryo cells.

PMID- 386079
TI  - Action of 3-deazaguanine in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 386081
TI  - Immunogenic properties of glucosylceramide.

PMID- 386080
TI  - Expression of a cross reactive idiotype on the IgG2c subclass of rat anti
      streptococcal carbohydrate antibody.

PMID- 386082
TI  - Gordon M. Tomkins - a dedication.

PMID- 386083
TI  - Glucocorticoid hormone action: an overview.
AB  - An overview of glucocorticoid action is presented including aspects of historic,
      clinical, and physiologic interest. Despite the diversity of effects,
      glucocorticoid hormone action at the cellular level simplifies to a rather
      universal model that involves binding to a soluble receptor, followed by
      interaction of the complex with the chromatin and modification of gene
      expression. This unitary concept has important implications in pathology,
      pharmacology, and therapeutics. Finally, a definition of a glucocorticoid in
      terms of its receptor is presented, which we feel is better than the traditional
      terminology based on specific biological effects. It is hoped that this review
      will also provide the reader with a framework in which the various contributions
      in the Monograph can be integrated.

PMID- 386085
TI  - Delivery and transport of glucocorticoids to target cells.

PMID- 386084
TI  - Factors influencing association of glucocorticoid receptor-steroid complexes with
      nuclei, chromatin, and DNA: interpretation of binding data.
AB  - Attempts to reconstruct, in a test tube, the steroid-hormone system of a
      responsive cell are fraught with enumerable difficulties. In this chapter I have
      attempted to point out some of the factors that affect receptor-steroid complexes
      and their interactions with acceptors. In most cases there is a quantitative
      influence of these factors on the level of steroid complex binding to acceptors.
      In some cases, selected experimental designs that neglect these factors and
      methods of presenting the observed data may lead to artifactual conclusions.
      Several of these problems should disappear when the prospect of pure receptor
      steroid complexes [127, 147, 150, 181, 247, 248] becomes a common occurrence.
      Nevertheless much has already been learned about the interactions of complexes
      with acceptors, which in turn have been used to help formulate models of steroid
      hormone action.

PMID- 386086
TI  - Glucocorticoid receptors and effects in human lymphoid and leukemic cells.
AB  - A variety of human leukopathic diseases including human acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia are responsive to glucocorticoids in a varying proportion of cases. We
      identified specific glucocorticoid receptors in human acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia cells. Their presence or absence was well correlated with both in vivo
      and in vitro responsiveness of these target cells to glucocorticoids. These data
      suggest that knowledge of glucocorticoid receptor status in human acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia may aid in selecting patients for therapy. Furthermore,
      these receptors exhibit significant quantitative differences in various subtypes
      of human leukemia, with null-cell lymphoblastic leukemia having approximately
      three times the mean number of receptors per cell as T-cell leukemias. These
      differences in receptor levels are associated with major differences in complete
      remission duration independent of other prognosticators of response such as
      patient age, white count, and cell surface markers. Specific receptors for
      glucocorticoids can also be identified in normal human peripheral blood monocyte
      fractions including unpurified peripheral blood lymphocytes, T, and non-T
      subcomponents of circulating lymphocytes and circulating monocytes. By criteria
      of quantity, of binding affinity, and specificity, these receptors appear to be
      similar to other classical glucocorticoid receptors. Receptors in human
      peripheral blood lymphocytes may be induced threefold on a per cell basis by
      treatment with the mitogen phytohemagglutinin. This is associated with a marked
      increase in glucocorticoid responsiveness.

PMID- 386088
TI  - Immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids.

PMID- 386087
TI  - Variations in cellular sensitivity to glucocorticoids: observations and
      mechanisms.
AB  - The spectrum of physiological, pathological, and genetic variations in
      sensitivity to glucocorticoids is reviewed. The receptor for these hormones is
      common to most mammalian tissues, and yet the responses are widely divergent.
      Although there may be differences in the receptors to account for some of this
      diversity, it is likely that it is largely due to cellular programming not
      involving the receptors. In addition to the intertissue differences in
      sensitivity, it is also clear that intra-tissue differences occur. The greatest
      amount of information has been accumulated with lymphoid cell systems and there
      are sensitivity differences to specific responses such as cell killing or effects
      on immunological functions. In these systems, there can be major variations in
      either the extent of the response (e. g., from mild growth inhibition to cellular
      killing) or whether any effect is observed. Further, dose requirements for
      certain responses can vary by several orders of magnitude. Within a given tissue
      there may be developmental changes in sensitivity that are not due to obvious
      changes in the receptor, and decreased sensitivity with aging that in some cases
      has been associated with changes in receptor binding activity. Finally, the
      cellular sensitivity can either be influenced by hormones and other factors that
      affect the ability of the glucocorticoid to elicit a particular response (in a
      synergistic or antagonistic manner), or the same function regulated by the
      glucocorticoid can be inducible by the steroid, appearing some time after
      administration of the steroid and disappearing after steroid removal. Genetic
      variations in sensitivity to glucocorticoids also occur. In humans these may be
      generalized, affecting glucocorticoid action in all responsive tissues, and could
      be important in the pathogenesis of certain diseases. Perhaps the most striking
      genetic alterations, however, are observed in cultured lymphoid and fibroblastic
      cells and in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells ordinarily growth inhibited or
      killed by the glucocorticoid. Mutant cell lines arise that are highly resistant
      and most of these have abnormalities in the glucocorticoid receptor. In some
      cases binding activity is totally lost, easily expalining the resistance. In
      other cases, there is a more modest reduction in binding or a change in receptor
      properties that give it increased or decreased nuclear and DNA binding activity.
      An analysis of these cell lines suggests that many of the defects are in some
      receptor property presently not understood that makes the receptor ineffective
      rather than the defect being due to the quantitative changes in receptor levels
      detected. The frequency of emergence of steroid-resistant cells can vary widely
      from about 10(-5) in S49 cells to less than 10(-8) in certain thymic cell
      lines...

PMID- 386089
TI  - Glucocorticoid receptors.
AB  - Glucocorticoid receptors are found in most mammalian tissues and have been
      studied in detail in a number of tissue culture systems. With cells that have not
      been exposed to steroids, the receptors are found in the cytoplasmic fraction
      from which they can be isolated and studied. Methods for studying glucocorticoid
      receptors depend on their high-affinity specific binding of radioactive steroids.
      The reversible interaction is intracellular. It follows Michaelian kinetics, at
      least in cell-free cytosol, and involves a thermodynamically homogeneous
      population of about 10 000 sites per cell. The receptor is an asymmetric,
      slightly acidic protein of about 100 000 daltons. It is very labile, especially
      in the unbound form. Binding activity depends on the integrity of thiol groups
      and perhaps on phosphorylation of amino acid residues. Although indirect, the
      evidence is overwhelmingly convincing that this protein is the physiologic
      glucocorticoid receptor. The time-kinetics of binding and dissociation are
      consistent with the sequence of events in glucocorticoid action. Various steroid
      analogs display binding characteristics predictable from their glucocorticoid
      activity. Loss of the binding protein from certain cultured cell lines is
      accompanied by unresponsiveness to glucocorticoids. The extensive tissue
      distribution of receptors parallels the extensive role of glucocorticoids in
      regulation. Finally, there is a strong correlation between nuclear binding of
      receptors and nuclear effects of the steroid. The glucocorticoid receptor can be
      distinguished from other glucocorticoid-binding proteins, based on their steroid
      specificity and physicochemical properties. There is no clear-cut demonstration
      that the receptor differs from tissue to tissue, and it is in fact very similar
      in various species. Unlike in other systems, receptor concentration does not seem
      to be regulated by its ligand or by other hormones. However, certain cases of
      hypo- as well as hypersensitivity to glucocorticoids appear to result from
      changes at the receptor level. The data indicate that the receptor can exist in
      inactive and active forms. The former predominate in the absence of steroid or
      when an angatonist is bound. Glucocorticoid agonists bind the active form,
      allowing it to be "activated" and subsequently bound to the nucleus. All of the
      receptors in isolated cytosol do not appear to be available for immediate
      occupancy by an agonist and this may be due to the time required for conversion
      of the receptors from inactive to active forms. The correlations between receptor
      binding and the glucocorticoid response indicate that the receptor is a rate
      limiting factor in the magnitude and kinetics of the response, and this finding
      has important implications regarding mechanisms.

PMID- 386090
TI  - Glucocorticoids and differentiation.

PMID- 386092
TI  - Glucocorticoids and the plasma membrane.
AB  - Glucocorticoids affect the composition and function of the plasma membrane in a
      variety of cell types. Cultured rat hepatoma (HTC) cells in tissue culture
      provide an excellent model system for analysis of such effects. In these cells,
      dexamethasone rapidly and dramatically inhibits the influx of amino acids sharing
      the A or alanine-preferring transport system. Inhibition is half-maximal within 2
      h, and maximal after 6 h incubation with the hormone. The inhibition is rapidly
      reversed by insulin, and more slowly by removing the steroid. Microtubules and
      microfilaments are not apparently involved in this hormonal effect, but
      continuous protein synthesis is required for the glucocorticoid inhibition of
      transport. Dexamethasone also decreases the number of microvilli on the surface
      of HTC cells, increases their adhesiveness to a substratum, and dramatically
      decreases the production of plasminogen activator, but it does not affect the
      growth rate or plating efficiency of the cells. Variant cell lines stably
      resistant to dexamethasone inhibition of plasminogen activator production have
      been isolated using an agar-fibrin overlay technique to detect protease
      production by individual colonies of HTC cells. The hormonal resistance to
      inhibition of protease production is associated witha  maintenance of
      inducibility of other glucocorticoid-regulated functions and therefore is not
      apparently secondary to abnormal or absent glucocorticoid receptor, but due to a
      lesion in a later step in hormone action specific for plasminogen activator.
      Combined genetic and biochemical analysis of such dexamethasone-resistant
      variants should facilitate study of the hormonal regulation of specific membrane
      phenotypes and of the role of proteases in this regulation.

PMID- 386093
TI  - Glucocorticoids and lysosomes.
AB  - Steroids in general and glucocorticoids in particular affect lysosomes in various
      ways. The explanation of these effects remains in dispute, however. Theories
      include the view that steroids interact directly with lysosomal membranes, that
      steroids provoke induced changes in lysosomes, and that classical steroid
      receptors originate in lysosomes. Experiments pertaining to these views are
      discussed, particularly with respect to steroid specificity and tissue
      specificity of effects and to dose-response considerations.

PMID- 386095
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. B. Leiber].

PMID- 386091
TI  - Regulation of gluconeogenesis by glucocorticoids.
AB  - 1. Regulation of gluconeogenic substrate supply and modulation of the
      gluconeogenic pathway in the liver are both important in the control of
      gluconeogenesis by glucocorticoids. 2. Adrenal deficiency decreases the release
      of gluconeogenic and other amino acids from skeletal muscle during starvation.
      The effect is reversed by glucocorticoid replacement. The changes in amino acid
      release are accompanied by similar alterations in tissue amino acid levels and
      are not explained by alterations in net protein breakdown. Glucocorticoids do not
      alter protein catabolism and cause a small inhibition of protein synthesis. The
      biochemical alterations underlying the changes in amino acid metabolism induced
      by these steroids remain to be elucidated. Glucocorticoids may also regulate the
      supply of gluconeogenic substrates through permissive effects on the lipolytic
      action of catecholamines and other hormones in adipose tissue and on the
      glycogenolytic action of catecholamines on skeletal muscle. 3. Glucocorticoids
      are required for the increases in gluconeogenesis in starvation and diabetes.
      Part of their action is exerted directly on the liver and appears to involve
      modulation of P-enlopyruvate carboxykinase levels. Glucocorticoids increase the
      synthesis of this enzyme apparently through effects at the level of
      transcription. 4. Glucocorticoids exert permissive effects on the stimulation of
      gluconeogenesis in the liver by glucagon and epinephrine. The steroids are not
      required for cAMP generation or protein kinase activation by these hormones, but
      appear to act by maintaining the responsiveness of certain enzymes to the effects
      of the cAMP and alpha-adrenergic systems. It is proposed that this involves the
      maintenance of a normal intracellular ionic environment.

PMID- 386094
TI  - Structure and conformation of glucocorticoids.
AB  - The approaches currently available for determining the structure and conformation
      of glucocorticoids are reviewed. We discuss the optimization of steroid geometry
      based on the relative molecular energy calculated by a Westheimer equation. This
      method permits an extensive description of steroid molecules in a state free of
      external constraints and which can be assumed to correspond to the minimum
      internal energy. The structures, conformations, surface areas, and volumes of
      fifteen steroid molecules that interact with the glucocorticoid receptor have
      been studied. The basic structure of the A ring is a 1 alpha,2 beta-half-chair,
      whatever the substitutions. Rings B and C are semi-rigid chairs virtually
      uninfluenced by substituent groups. In contrast, the shape of the D ring depends
      on the nature and environment of the substituents. As to the fundamental
      conformation of the side chain, the steroids fall into two categories, depending
      on the pressure of a 17-hydroxyl group. For a given molecule, the energy changes
      associated with conformations of the side chain other than that corresponding to
      the minimum energy have also been explored. The hypothesis is formulated that
      receptor binding requires a particular conformation of the side chain. Finally,
      the overall shape of the molecule can be influenced by the summation of minor but
      numerous changes brought about by various substitutions, such as 11 beta
      hydroxyl, which increases the convexity of the molecule. These investigations
      should help in elucidating structure-activity relationships for glucocorticoids.
      They may improve our knowledge of the interaction between these hormones and
      their receptor and of the molecular mechanism of glucocorticoid action.

PMID- 386096
TI  - [80th birthday of Prof. F. Bamatter].

PMID- 386097
TI  - [Structural changes in clinical pediatrics with special reference to small
      departments (author's transl)].
AB  - Changing facts and developments in clinical pediatrics in Germany during the past
      years have been analysed and discussed. Facts which altered the quantity and
      quality of clinical pediatrics are demonstrated by own observations, and
      informations collected from all pediatric departments in the FRG and West-Berlin.
      The need for sufficient numbers of staff to meet with the changing and
      intensified tasks of clinical pediatrics is emphasized.

PMID- 386098
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Hermann Hilber].

PMID- 386099
TI  - Present status of live influenza A virus vaccine.

PMID- 386100
TI  - Initial experience with varicella immunization.

PMID- 386102
TI  - Mutagenesis induced in amber P22 phages by base analogues.

PMID- 386101
TI  - Mutagenic effects of benzo[a]pyrene after metabolic activation by hepatic 9000 g
      supernatants or intact hepatocytes.
AB  - The activating capacities of isolated rat hepatocytes and 9000 g supernatant from
      these cells with respect to the mutagenic effect of benzo[a]pyrene on Salmonella
      typhimurium TA100 were investigated. No mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene was found
      with the cell-mediated assay, unless the hepatocytes were disrupted after pre
      incubation with benzo[a]pyrene or the intracellular glutathione content was
      reduced. It is suggested that a retention of active metabolites and an effective
      detoxication may account for the absence of mutagenic response.

PMID- 386103
TI  - Effect of X-irradiation on frameshift and missense mutations in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - In cell populations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae homogeneous for sensitivity to X
      irradiation, induction of base insertions/deletions and base substitutions was
      quantitatively analyzed in a reversion system. The repair mechanisms
      phenotypically unexpressed in the sensitive cell fraction and fully operating in
      resistant cells did not affect point mutations of either type.

PMID- 386104
TI  - Antagonism by propidium of petite induction by ethidium and ethidium azide in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Propidium, a phenanthridinium dye similar to ethidium, did not induce petite
      mutations in non-growing yeast cells in contrast to ethidium. Combined exposure
      to ethidium and an excess of propidium for periods up to 2 h resulted in the
      expected petite induction expressed after subsequent plating on growth medium. As
      incubation was continued with propidium, the numbers of petites declined on
      subsequent plating whether the drug had been added before, during, or after the
      mutagenic treatment by ethidium. Propidium decreased petite induction by the
      monoazide analog of ethidium when applied before but not after photolytic
      attachment of the drug.

PMID- 386105
TI  - A recA-dependent mutator of Escherichia coli K12: method of isolation and initial
      characterization.
AB  - A number of mutator strains of E. coli were isolated using histochemical
      techniques which allow the identification of a single mutator colony on agar
      plates with as many as 2000 colonies. Several mutators isolated in this way were
      found by P1-mediated transduction to map to the proA--proB region of the E. coli
      chromosome. The map position of these mutators is very close to that of the
      conditional mutator, mutD. However, in contrast to mutD, one of these newly
      isolated mutators was suppressed in a thermosensitive recA strain at 43 degrees
      C, but not at 30 degrees C. This mutator mutation has been named mut-8. Besides
      being dependent upon recA, mut-8 is also dependent upon growth in enriched medium
      for the expression of its mutator activity. The mutator activity of mut-8 was
      found to be recessive to the wild-type allele.

PMID- 386106
TI  - The mutagenicity of nitrosamides in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - 34 nitrosamides (10 nitrosoalkylcarbamates, 2 nitrosoalkylnitroguanidines, 12
      nitrosoalkylureas, 6 substituted nitrosoalkylureas, and 4 cyclic
      nitrosoalkylureas) were tested for mutagenicity in Salmonella. All were direct
      acting mutagens of varying potency.

PMID- 386107
TI  - In vivo conversion of sodium azide to a stable mutagenic metabolite in Salmonella
      typhimurium.
AB  - Salmonella typhimurium TA1530 and G46 strains growing in minimal medium
      supplemented with sodium azide produce a stable mutagenic metabolite which is not
      azide. The production of this metabolite is restricted to the log phase of
      bacteria grown in the presence of azide. The metabolite is highly mutagenic in
      DNA-repair defective base-substitution strains TA1530 and TA1535, but ineffective
      in frameshift strains TA1538 and TA1537. The metabolite induces mutations in
      resting cells of the TA1530 strain.

PMID- 386108
TI  - Mutagenic cholesterol preparations.
AB  - Naturally air-aged commercial samples of USP or reagent-grade cholesterol contain
      components which are mutagenic towards Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1537,
      TA1538 and TA98. These mutagenic components are associated with the polar
      cholesterol autoxidation products, but identity of the mutagenic components has
      not been achieved. Pure crystalline nonmutagenic cholestrol free from
      autoxidation products becomes mutagenic towards these strains upon heating at 70
      degrees in air or following exposure to 60 Co gamma-radiation.

PMID- 386110
TI  - Genetic toxicity of procarbazine in bacteria and yeast.
AB  - Procarbazine [N-isopropyl-alpha-(2-methylhydrazino)-p-toluamide hydrochloride] is
      used to treat Hodgkin's disease. This compound was tested in vitro without and
      with S10 fraction from mice liver (microsomal assay) using Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae strain D7, Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA98, TA100, TA1535) and in
      vivo in Swiss albino mice (host-mediated assay) using D7. Procarbazine, without
      S10 fraction, is highly toxic and induced mitotic crossover, gene conversion, and
      reverse mutation in D7. It had a toxic effect on all the Salmonella strains; but
      did not induce reverse mutations at the histidine loci. Procarbazine, with S10
      fraction, was less toxic and did not induce genetic effects in yeast or
      Salmonella. In the host-mediated assay, no genetic effects were seen.

PMID- 386109
TI  - Mutagenicity evaluation of the two antimalarial agents chloroquine and
      mefloquine, using a bacterial fluctuation test.
AB  - The two antimalarial agents chloroquine and mefloquine have been tested for
      mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537 and TA1538.
      Chloroquine was found to revert strain TA1537 at concentrations of 100 and 250
      micrograms/ml, most likely due to intercalation. No mutagenicity was found with
      mefloquine at concentrations up to 2.5 micrograms/ml, neither without nor with
      metabolic activation by Ca2+-precipitated rat liver microsomes. Higher
      concentrations of mefloquine and chloroquine inactivated the bacteria.

PMID- 386111
TI  - Genetic effects of hydralazine.
AB  - Hydralazine and its acetone condensation product (ACP) were found to induce base
      pair substitution mutations in the Salmonella/microsomal activation test system
      and to display genetic toxicity in the PolA+/A- test system. Incubation with a
      rat-liver microsomal fraction did not affect the genetic toxicity of either
      compound. Other derivatives of hydralazine, including the major metabolite, 3
      hydroxy-methyl-s-triazolo-[3,4a]phthalazine, did not yield any evidence of
      genetic toxicity nor were they metabolically convertible to a toxic product.
      Therefore, individuals who convert hydralazine to MTP slowly, the "slow
      acetylators", would be expected to be at risk.

PMID- 386112
TI  - Dominant lethal assay of some hair-dye components in random-bred male rats.
AB  - Male rats were exposed to maximally tolerated doses of 5 hair-dye components in a
      dominant lethal test. Each component was tested at 3 dosage levels with 15 random
      bred male rats per level. The highest dose, selected on the basis of subacute
      toxicity testing, generally reduced weight gains without being lethal. Freshly
      prepared solutions were injected i.p. at 1 ml/kg 3 times a week for 10 weeks.
      Rats injected with dimethylsulfoxide and triethylenemelamine served as solvent
      and positive controls, respectively. A majority of rats survived the treatment at
      the levels tested and were mated to two virgin females each per week for 2 weeks.
      The females were sacrificed at midterm of pregnancy and examined for live and
      dead implants. Dominant lethality was evaluated on the basis of 4 criteria: dead
      implants per pregnant female, dead implants per total implants, proportion of
      females with one or more dead implants, and proportion of females with two or
      more dead implants. 2-Nitro-p-phenylenediamine, 2,4-diaminoanisole sulfate and
      2,5-diaminoanisole sulfate produced negative responses, whereas m
      phenylenediamine and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine induced weak dominant lethality
      in the first trial. On retesting these weakly positive components, both m
      phenylenediamine and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine produced negative responses.

PMID- 386113
TI  - Mutagenic activity of thiram in Ames tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The mutagenic activity of thiram was investigated in 4 histidine-requiring
      strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA1535, TA100, TA1538, TA98) with and without
      activation by liver microsomes. In strains TA1535 and TA100, thiram induces
      mutations without metabolic activation. The presence of rat-liver microsome
      fraction, cysteine or glutathione abolish its mutagenic activity in these
      strains. In contrast, thiram requires metabolic activation for the expression of
      its mutagenic activity in TA1538 and TA98 strains. The compounds containing the
      sulphydryl group abolish mutagenic activity of thiram in these strains, too.

PMID- 386114
TI  - Travis E. Brooks 1917--1976.

PMID- 386115
TI  - Reconstruction of motor, sensory, and autonomic neurons based on morphometric
      study of sampled levels.

PMID- 386116
TI  - Opportunistic lung infection due to "Pittsburgh Pneumonia Agent".
AB  - Eight immunosuppressed patients had pneumonia due to Pittsburgh Pneumonia Agent
      (PPA), a gram-negative, weakly acid-fast bacterium cultivatable only in
      embryonated eggs and guinea pigs and distinct from Legionella pneumophila. The
      diagnosis was established by isolation of the agent from lung or visualization of
      the organism in lung tissue. The clinical presentations, radiographic
      abnormalities and pathology were not specific. The most consistent feature
      associated with the disease was the recent institution of daily high-dose
      corticosteriod therapy in all patients. Five of the eight patients died despite
      broad-spectrum antibiotic and antituberculous therapy. Anti-microbial activity
      against PPA was demonstrated for sulfamethoxazole combined with trimethoprim, for
      rifampin and for erythromycin with an egg-protection assay. Serologic studies
      with an indirect fluorescent-antibody technic suggested that seroconversion or
      high titers may be a sensitive test for PPA disease. PPA appears to be a newly
      recognized cause of life-threatening bacterial pneumonia in immunosupressed
      patients.

PMID- 386117
TI  - Opportunistic pneumonia: a clinicopathological study of five cases caused by an
      unidentified acid-fast bacterium.
AB  - Five patients had opportunistic pulmonary infection caused by acid-fast bacilli,
      unusual clinical presentations and a unique pathological picture. Clinically,
      these cases mimicked septic pulmonary emboli or bacterial pneumonia. The
      infection was temporally related to high-dose corticosteroid therapy, given for
      renal-transplant rejection in four patients and for therapy of lymphocytic
      lymphoma in one. Histologic sections of lung-biopsy or autopsy material showed an
      acute suppurative pneumonia with dense alveolar infiltration by neutrophils,
      without granuloma formation or caseous necrosis. Predominantly intracellular acid
      fast bacilli were present. The organism failed to grow in culture on routine
      bacterial, fungal and mycobacterial mediums. This unusual and possibly new acid
      fast organism is a probable cause of suppurative pneumonia in impaired hosts
      receiving corticosteroid therapy.

PMID- 386119
TI  - Renal transplantation (first of two parts).

PMID- 386118
TI  - Failure of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy to improve patency of grafts
      after coronary-artery bypass: a controlled, randomized study.
AB  - Fifty patients who underwent aortocoronary saphenous-vein bypass-graft surgery
      were randomly assigned to one of three groups to determine the effects of
      antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy on graft patency. Twenty-four patients
      served as controls; 13 patients received aspirin (325 mg three times a day) and
      dipyridamole (75 mg three times a day); and 13 patients received closely
      regulated warfarin therapy. Medications were begun on the third post-operative
      day. Six months after surgery, all patients underwent coronary angiography to
      assess graft patency. There were no statistically significant differences between
      groups in various clinical, hemodynamic and angios, 27 of 33 grafts (82 per cent)
      with aspirin and dipyridamole and 29 of 37 grafts (78 per cent) with warfarin (P
      less than 0.5), all patients had at least one patent graft. Postoperative
      treatment either with aspirin and dipyridamole or with warfarin failed to improve
      the patency of the grafts.

PMID- 386120
TI  - Another new pneumonia: Pandora's box reopened?

PMID- 386121
TI  - Cyclic oscillations of basal plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in human
      beings.
AB  - In a study of whether oscillations in plasma glucose and insulin occur in human
      beings, plasma samples were taken at one-minute intervals from 10 normal subjects
      for periods lasting between one and two hours. In five subjects the basal plasma
      insulin concentrations cycled regularly, with a mean period of 13 minutes and
      mean amplitude of 1.6 mU per liter (11.5 pmol per liter). A concurrent plasma
      glucose cycle was demonstrated, with a mean amplitude (after averaging to
      minimize random error) of 0.05 mmol per liter (1 mg per decliter). The average
      plasma glucose cycle was two minutes in advance of the plasma insulin. In the
      subjects with less regular plasma insulin cycles, a similar plasma glucose rise
      was demonstrated two minutes before the insulin rise. These phase relations are
      compatible with the presence of a negative-feedback loop between the liver and
      pancreatic beta cells that regulates both basal plasma insulin and glucose
      concentrations, although the cyclic beta-cell secretion could be independent of
      plasma glucose.

PMID- 386122
TI  - Renal transplantation (second of two parts).

PMID- 386123
TI  - Case records of Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 45-1979.

PMID- 386124
TI  - Medicare economics.

PMID- 386125
TI  - Cimetidine for anastomotic ulcers after partial gastrectomy. A randomized
      controlled trial.
AB  - In a randomized double-blind multicenter trial, 15 outpatients with
      endoscopically proved anastomotic ulceration after Billroth I or Billroth II
      partial gastrectomy received cimetidine, 1 g daily over eight weeks, or a
      placebo. All patients also received antiacid. The ulcer healed completely in all
      seven cimetidine-treated patients and in one of the eight placebo-treated
      patients (P less than 0.01). Ulcers not healed during the double-blind phase of
      the trial were all subsequently healed on open cimetidine treatment. There was a
      trend toward improvement of daytime symptoms in favor of cimetidine (P = 0.06),
      and nighttime symptoms were significantly relieved during the initial four weeks
      of cimetidine treatment P = 0.02). We conclude that cimetidine, 1 g daily,
      promotes healing of anastomotic ulcers after partial gastrectomy.

PMID- 386126
TI  - The peripheral metabolism of parathyroid hormone.

PMID- 386127
TI  - The hospital that ate Chicago.

PMID- 386128
TI  - Effect of amphotericin B on the metabolism of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AB  - Action of amphotericin B on the growth and metabolism of Aspergillus fumigatus
      has been investigated. The fungus proved to be very sensitive to amphotericin B,
      showing complete inhibition of growth at 0.5 units/ml. Amphotericin B suppressed
      the exogenous and endogenous respiration and glycolysis of A. fumigatus as well
      as the assimilation of various glycolysis and TCA cycle intermediates. Addition
      of cations and cholesterol failed to reverse the action of amphotericin B. The
      treated mycelium released a variety of cellular constituents and it is inferred
      that the antibiotic effects the permeability of A. fumigatus cells. In
      experiments with 32P labelled mycelium phosphorus compounds leached out in
      concentrations which were dependent on the antibiotic dose, period of contact,
      incubation temperature and metabolic state of the fungus.

PMID- 386131
TI  - Mucormycosis and entomophthoromycosis. A bibliography.

PMID- 386132
TI  - Directive segregation in the basis of colE1 plasmid incompatibility.
AB  - Incompatibility between colE1 plasmids in Escherichia coli can be explained by
      competition for a limited number of replication sites. These sites ensure
      directive segregation of plasmids to daughter cells on cell division. The number
      of sites can be more than one only if a linear segregation mechanism is
      postulated.

PMID- 386129
TI  - Cell-mediated immune responses in mice infected with Fonsecaea pedrosoi.
AB  - Time course of cellular and humoral immune responses in mice infected with
      Fonsecaea pedrosoi was investigated by using an antigen prepared from culture
      filtrate of this fungus. Mice were infected by intravenous injection with yeast
      like cells of the fungus. Viable fungus was recovered from the brain of the
      infected mice until the 36th day after inoculation, and from the other organs
      examined until 14th to 16th day. Inflammatory lesions were observed in the brain,
      lung, heart, liver, spleen, kidney and intestine during the first 30 days after
      inoculation. Macrophage migration inhibition factor response in these mice was
      insignificant until 8 days after inoculation. A significant response was
      developed at day 10 and persisted until day 63. This response returned negative
      by 95 days after inoculation. Lymphocyte transformation response of these mice
      was negative until 4 days after inoculation. At day 6 blastogenic index increased
      to 1.5, and at day 10, 14 and 16 the indices were 1.8, 2.4 and 1.7 respectively.
      Precipitin response to this fungus could not be detected in these mice until 16
      days after inoculation, Positive results were obtained at day 21 and lasted until
      51 days after inoculation. The precipitin titers, however, did not exceed one
      fold in any of these mice.

PMID- 386130
TI  - Population changes induced in Candida albicans by nalidixic acid.
AB  - Cells of Candida albicans plated on media containing nalidixic acid (Nal) either
      die, adapt physiologically to Nal-tolerance or mutate ot Nal-resistance. The
      fraction of a population exhibiting each response depends on the growth phase of
      cells when plated and their nitrogen and carbon nutrition and growth temperatures
      before and after plating. Nal induces Nal-resistant mutants in very high
      frequency but only at 37 C on plates containing i) glucose as primary carbon
      source and ii) adenine, a sulfur amino acid or a representative of the glutamic
      acid family of amino acids. Nal does not affect either forward mutation to
      caffeine-resistance or reverse mutation from histidine auxotrophy to prototrophy.
      Nal-resistant mutants produce minute colonies on N-ALfree medium, respire
      oxidatively and are unusually sensitive to inhibitors of oxidative
      phosphorylation. They revert spontaneously to wild type at very high rates but
      can be propagated indefinitely in the absence of Nal by serial selection and
      replating of minute colonies. Cellular inactivation and induction of Nal
      resistant mutants are greatly affected by specific inhibitors of mitochondrial
      macromolecular syntheses. The presence of chloramphenicol or erythromycin during
      exposure to Nal prevents cell death and mutation but has no effect on adaptation
      to Nal-tolerance. Growth on acriflavin or ethidium bromide enhances resistance of
      cells to inactivation when subsequently plated on Nal containing media. It is
      concluded that Nal-induced cellular inactivation and mutation to Nal-resistance,
      but not adaptation to Nal-tolerance, result from damages to the mitochondrion
      which are fixed or promoted by macromolecular syntheses within the mitochondrion.
      Implications of these findings for the therapeutic use of Nal are discussed.

PMID- 386133
TI  - Graft-versus-leukaemia reactivity induced by alloimmunisation without
      augmentation of graft-versus-host reactivity.

PMID- 386134
TI  - 35th prize for inventor of EMI X-ray scanner.

PMID- 386135
TI  - 35th prize for inventor of EMI X-ray scanner.

PMID- 386136
TI  - Direct expression in Escherichia coli of a DNA sequence coding for human growth
      hormone.
AB  - DNA coding for human growth hormone was constructed by using chemically
      synthesised DNA in conjunction with enzymatically prepared cDNA. This 'hybrid'
      gene was expressed in Escherichia coli under the control of the lac promoter. A
      polypeptide was produced having the size and immunological properties
      characteristic of mature human growth hormone.

PMID- 386137
TI  - Captopril (SQ 14225) depresses drinking and aldosterone in rats lacking
      vasopressin.
AB  - Angiotensin II is dipsogenic, and vasopressin (ADH) regulates renal water
      excretion. Together, these hormones govern overall mammalian water balance. The
      Brattleboro rat with inherited diabetes insipidus (DI) lacks ADH and is therefore
      a convenient model with which to elucidate mechanisms regulating water
      metabolism. In the present studies, angiotensin II has also been removed from DI
      rats by the administration of an inhibitor (captopril, SQ 14225; D-2-methyl-3
      mercaptopropanoyl-L-proline) of the enzyme which converts angiotensin I, the
      relatively inert component of the renin-angiotensin system, to angiotensin II,
      the biologically active substance. SQ 14225 reduced the drinking rates, and after
      6 days lowered peripheral plasma aldosterone concentrations were associated with
      hyperkalaemia. We conclude that the polydipsia of diabetes insipidus partly
      results from elevated plasma renin activities and angiotensin II concentrations
      seen in this syndrome. Further, the apparent hypoaldosteronism of DI Brattleboro
      rats reflects differences in both tissue usage of the steroid and adrenocortical
      sensitivities associated with polyuria, hyperosmolarity and possibly potassium
      wasting.

PMID- 386138
TI  - Wartime research on nitrogen mustard.

PMID- 386139
TI  - The bradykinin-induced coronary vasodilation. Evidence for an additional
      prostacyclin-independent mechanism.

PMID- 386141
TI  - [The effect of pulmonary rehabilitation in men with chronic aspecific respiratory
      disease].

PMID- 386140
TI  - The importance of Ca2+-mediated phospholipase A2 activation for stimulus-evoked
      PGE2-release from rabbit splenic capsular strips.
AB  - Rabbit splenic capsular strips released PGE2 when contracted by noradrenaline.
      Contraction as well as PGE2-release were Ca2+-dependent. In the presence of Ca2+
      the ionophore A 23187 induced a long lasting contraction and a vigorous PGE2
      release. In Ca2+-free medium the ionophore was ineffective. Introduction of Ca2+
      to splenic strips preincubated with the ionophore in the absence of Ca2+
      reinstalled contracture and PGE2-release. The PGE2-release induced induced by the
      PG-precursor arachidonic acid was Ca2+-independent. Addition of phospholipase A
      to splenic strips elicited a strong PGE2-release. These results indicate, that
      the first step of stimulus evoked PG-release is the Ca2+-mediated activation of
      phospholipase A2. This enzyme liberates from membrane bound phospholipids C-20
      fatty acids, which then serve as substrates for the PG-synthetizing enzymes.
      Therefore the rate limiting step in stimulus-evoked PG-release seems to be rather
      the phospholipase A2 activity than the state of activation of one of the PG
      synthetizing enzymes.

PMID- 386142
TI  - [A patient with tropical malaria acquired in a South African safari park].

PMID- 386143
TI  - [Rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinemia and anuria in a bacterial airway infection].

PMID- 386145
TI  - [Streptococcus agalactiae; a threat for the newborn infant].

PMID- 386147
TI  - [Generalized osteomyelitis caused by a beta-hemolytic Streptococcus of group B in
      a newborn infant].

PMID- 386146
TI  - [Neonatal meningitis in the Netherlands (1976, 1977)].

PMID- 386144
TI  - [Gastrointestinal hemorrhages caused by a left-behind piece of vascular
      prosthesis in the duodenum].

PMID- 386148
TI  - [Neonatal diseases caused by group B streptpcocci; overview of the most relevant
      literature].

PMID- 386149
TI  - [Neonatal meningitis].

PMID- 386150
TI  - Membranous nephropathy: a radioimmunologic search for anti-renal tubular
      epithelial antibodies and circulating immune complexes.
AB  - In an effort to elucidate immunopathogenic of membranous nephropathy (MN),
      freshly collected sera from patients with biopsy proven MN were assayed of
      circulating immune complexes (ICs) by the Raji cell method and for anti-renal
      tubular epithelial (RTE) antibodies by a newly established radioimmunoassay (RIA)
      and by indirect immunofluorescence. 6 of 26 MN patients tested by the Raji cell
      assay had detectable circulating ICs. However, 5 of these 6 patients had other
      medical conditions which might also explain the IC reactivity. 29 MN patients and
      11 patients with other glomerular diseases had no demonstrable circulating anti
      RTE antibodies. This study suggests that if RTE antigens possess a nephritogenic
      potential for man it is probably only rarely expressed. The inconstant detection
      of circulating immune complexes in idiopathic MN raises an speculation as to
      their immunopathogenic significance.

PMID- 386151
TI  - A detailed analysis of the 1-hour posttransplant renal biopsy. Its value in
      predicting future outcome of kidney transplants.
AB  - A detailed histological assessment of the 1-hour posttransplant biopsy has been
      made in 65 cadaver and related renal transplants. There was a lack of correlation
      between the numbers of polymorphonoclear leucocytes per glomerulus, the prescence
      and severity of thrombi, vascular changes, interstitial scars, the presence of
      absence of immune deposits, and the renal function of the patients at 90, 180 and
      365 days. The only positive findings was a statistically significant correlation
      between the glomerular tamponade at 90 days and the renal function. This was not
      borne out at 180 and 365 days.

PMID- 386152
TI  - Skin muscle biopsy in patients with various nephropathies.
AB  - Skin-muscle and kidney biopsy specimens were obtained from 43 patients with
      glomerulonephritis and from 5 normal subjects. 14 of the 43 patients had
      mesangial IgA nephropathy and in 12 the immunofluorescence study of skin-muscle
      biopsy showed IgA deposits. Ultrastructural research performed on 4 of these
      patients showed some electron-dense deposits on the walls of the muscular
      capillaries or in the perivascular connective tissue which could represent the
      immune aggregates. The remaining 29 patients had nonsystemic chronic
      glomerulonephritis with various immune deposits; only in 7 of these patients was
      the immunofluorescence study positive. The said study suggests that
      immunofluorescence examination of skin-muscle biopsy specimens could be
      diagnostically important.

PMID- 386153
TI  - Immune complex detection in glomerular diseases.

PMID- 386154
TI  - Renal 'salt wasting' despite apparently normal renal, adrenal and central nervous
      system function.
AB  - The inability of the kidney to conserve sodium appropriately in response to a
      restricted sodium intake is reported in a subject who had entirely normal renal
      and adrenal function and no evidence of central nervous system disease.
      Subsequent transplantation of his left kidney to his son afforded a unique
      opportunity to assess renal sodium conservation in each kidney separately: both
      the patient and his son were unable to achieve balance in response to dietary
      sodium restriction after transplantation, indicating that the sodium wasting was
      due to a process intrinsic to both kidneys. The assessment of intrarenal
      hemodynamics with xenon-133 washout prior to nephrectomy provided insight into
      the role of intrarenal hemodynamics in the maintenance of sodium homeostasis in
      man. The xenon washout curve failed to disclose an identifiable second most rapid
      exponential (CII). This finding, in concert with previous studies demonstrating
      that diuretic agents with a primary action in the ascending limb of the loop of
      Henle caused a marked slowing of CII flow, raises the possibility that limited
      perfusion in the outer medulla of the kidney may be rate-limiting for sodium
      conservation in man.

PMID- 386155
TI  - Assessment of Brescia-Cimino fistula blood flow rates in pediatric patients.
AB  - Blood flow rates were measured using an isotopic dilution method in the main
      drainage segments of Brescia-Cimino arteriovenous fistulas in 9 pediatric
      patients who had undergone successful renal transplantation, 3 patients on
      hemodialysis and 2 patients with end-stage renal disease. Blood flow rates varied
      from 68 to 882 ml/min. The possibility that such high flow rates may have
      deleterious effects on limb growth, cosmetic appearance and cardiac function
      without any benefit to the patient is discussed.

PMID- 386156
TI  - Early dialysis 1979.

PMID- 386158
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the ORG GB 94 in the treatment of depression].

PMID- 386157
TI  - Steroid-cyclophosphamide pretreatment of kidney allograft donors. A control
      study.
AB  - 34 cadaveric donor grafts were randomized in a blind study of the effect of
      pretreatment of 5 g each of methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide on kidney
      graft outcome. There was no difference in overall survival or functioning after
      3, 6 or 12 months between grafts from pretreated (33 kidneys) or control (29
      kidneys) cadaveric donors. In addition, this pretreatment protocol did not modify
      the recipient immune response against B-lymphocyte alloantigens which developed
      in unsuccessful transplants. Our data, thus, neither confirm the high rate of
      kidney graft survival attributed to cadaveric donor treatment nor the supposition
      that treatment is effective in suppressing recipient antidonor B-lymphocyte
      antibodies.

PMID- 386160
TI  - [Flow cytometry (author's transl)].

PMID- 386159
TI  - [Reactivity of cerebrovascular smooth muscle to drugs (author's transl)].

PMID- 386161
TI  - Effect of thyroid hormones on functional activity of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal
      gonadal system in female rats.

PMID- 386162
TI  - Mac Vincent Edds, Jr., 1917-1975.

PMID- 386163
TI  - Dipropylacetate and hyperglycinemia.
AB  - Hyperglycinemia was induced by dipropylacetate (DPA) (dose 14-41 mg/kg per day)
      in 10 Finnish epileptic patients with neurologically disabling diseases of
      various kinds. When comparing the levels of glycine in plasma, cerebrospinal
      fluid and urine from the patients with 10 otherwise comparable patients, and
      normal values there was a fourfold excretion of glycine in urine. All the treated
      patients had elevated CSF (49 +/- 23 mumol/l) and plasma (475 +/- 76 mumol/l)
      glycine concentrations. The plasma/CSF glycine ratio was not influenced by the
      treatment. In comparison with corresponding values in nonketotic hyperglycinemia
      and ketotic hyperglycinemia, this condition probably arises in a manner similar
      to secondary hyperglycinemia in organic aciduria. DPA probably influences
      metabolism in a way similar to some metabolites of amino acids in organic
      acidurias.

PMID- 386164
TI  - [Contribution to practical working with the texture-analysing-system [TAS]
      illustrated by the morphometry of the placenta (author's transl)].

PMID- 386165
TI  - Computerized discrimination of Feulgen-DNA doubling classes on insect diploid and
      polyploid nuclei using a scanning spot of 1 micrometer x 0.5 micrometer size.

PMID- 386166
TI  - [Markers of type B viral hepatitis].
AB  - The discovery of Australian antigen (HBsAg) has led to an increasing deal of
      knowledges about the virus of type B hepatitis (HBV); several markers of HBV have
      been detected and are becoming disposable for clinical and epidemiological
      purposes. The HBsAg is carried by 3 types of particulate structures discovered by
      electron microscopy as small spherical particles having diameter around 22 nm,
      long filaments and spherical particles having an overall diameter of the 42 nm
      (Dane-particle) with an electron-dense core. Dane-particle core contains circular
      double-stranded DNA molecules and an enzyme, the DNA polymerase. At present, Dane
      particle is thought to represent the HBV, having properties consistent with those
      of a complete virus. Four antigen/antibody systems related to viral type B
      hepatitis have been discovered; they have been designated with the following
      nomenclature: HBsAg/anti-HBs, HBcAg/anti-HBc, HBeAg/anti-HBe, epilon antigen/anti
      epilson. The availability of the HBV markers for clinical purposes will permit a
      better understanding of the sequence of the biological reactions as well as of
      the clinical and epidemiological features concerning this viral infection:
      incubation period, acute disease, resolution, chronic carrier state, actively or
      passively immunized subject, persistent or subsided infectivity, prognosis.

PMID- 386167
TI  - [Sepsis and peritonitis caused by Salmonella typhimurium in a patient
      splenectomized for pancytopenia].

PMID- 386168
TI  - [2 centuries of English songs with medico-pharmaceutical themes].

PMID- 386169
TI  - [Electrophoretic mobility of lymphocytes in multiple myeloma and bronchial
      cancer].
AB  - The electrophoretic mobility of peripheral lymphocytes was studied in normal
      subjects and patients with myeloma and bronchial carcinoma. Distinct differences
      in anodic mobility were noted between the sub-populations in all three groups.
      Total lymphocyte migration was significantly slower in the two tumour groups.

PMID- 386170
TI  - [Glomerular diseases and pregnancy].

PMID- 386171
TI  - [Genetic bases of metabolic tubular nephropathies].

PMID- 386172
TI  - [Proximal tubular acidosis].

PMID- 386173
TI  - [The hyperaminoacidurias with special reference to cystinuria].
AB  - Increased urinary excretion of free amino acids is a sign which requires
      determination of the underlying cause. Physiological aspects of tubular transport
      with emphasis on the role played by transport proteins or carriers are briefly
      discussed. Subsequently we present a resumptive classification. In prerenal
      hyperaminoaciduria the urinary excretion of amino acids just reflects the error
      in amino acid metabolism. Depending on tubular reabsorption of the amino acid
      involved in the metabolic error three types can be distinguished: the overflow,
      the competitive and the non-threshold hyperaminoacidurias. Renal
      hyperaminoaciduria can either be specific for individual or group-related amino
      acids, or generalized involving all amino acids. With the exception of classical
      cystinuria the various hyperaminoacidurias have more theoretical than clinical
      importance. Generalized hyperaminoaciduria is always a symptom of severe tubular
      disturbance which can be produced by various metabolic diseases, intoxications or
      deficiency states. Finally we present our experience in the treatment of
      cystinuria with mercaptopropionyl-glycine.

PMID- 386174
TI  - [Fanconi syndrome].

PMID- 386175
TI  - [Medicine and sciences in literary reviews and journals during the age of
      enlightenment and the early 19th century, with special reference to the Church
      State and the Kingdom of Naples].

PMID- 386177
TI  - Nutrition classics. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. Studies on magnesium
      deficiency in animals. I. Symptomatology resulting from magnesium deprivation.
      (Received for publication, March 24, 1932).

PMID- 386176
TI  - [Experimental microsurgery as an indispensable introduction to clinical
      microsurgery].

PMID- 386178
TI  - Vitamin A, tumor initiation and tumor promotion.

PMID- 386179
TI  - The Journal of Biological Chemistry, Volume 102, 1933, pages 39-46. The
      concentration and probable chemical nature of vitamin G. By Lela E. Booher.

PMID- 386180
TI  - Gonococcal pelvic inflammatory disease. Economic impact in New York, Medicaid
      1975.

PMID- 386182
TI  - S. Weir Mitchell, M.D. (1829--1914). Neurologic and psychiatric observations in
      "The case of George Dedlow".

PMID- 386181
TI  - Chronic microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Association with Escherichia coli
      infections.

PMID- 386183
TI  - Jenny Lind's concert in Gottingen. Billroth's letter to his mother.

PMID- 386184
TI  - Early frontier medicine.

PMID- 386185
TI  - Graham Francis Hall.

PMID- 386186
TI  - A new simple technique for the identification of antibodies against double
      stranded DNA: preliminary communication.
AB  - A new, simplified assay for detecting double stranded DNA antibodies by indirect
      immunofluorescence using fixed human metaphase chromosomes as substrate is
      described. The technique has the advantage of ease of preparation, clarity of
      reading, specificity for double stranded DNA and apparently greater sensitivity
      than immunofluorescent assays currently available. Thirty of 92 systemic lupus
      erythematosus sera were found to have double stranded DNA antibodies using the
      metaphase preparation, compared with 23 positive sera detected with the Crithidia
      luciliae technique. No double stranded DNA antibodies were detected in 90 sera
      from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The human metaphase chromosome assay
      could replace existing techniques for identification of double stranded DNA
      antibodies.

PMID- 386187
TI  - Dr. Carl Fischer MD and the history of homoeopathy in Auckland in the 19th
      century.

PMID- 386188
TI  - Deer and health.

PMID- 386189
TI  - Back to Hippocrates?

PMID- 386190
TI  - Obituary. Morvyn Williams.

PMID- 386191
TI  - A case of diarrhoea due to an enterotoxigenic escherichia coli.

PMID- 386192
TI  - Captopril and propranolol in mild and moderate essential hypertension:
      preliminary report.
AB  - A randomised open trial was carried out to test the efficacy and safety of
      Captopril and propranolol in 20 patients with mild and moderate essential
      hypertension. Mild and moderate was defined as a resting supine diastolic
      pressure of 100 to 120mmHg at the end of a placebo period. Patients were then
      randomised into Captopril (12) or propranolol (8) group. After a four-week dose
      ranging period, they were maintained on the treatment drug, or, if still
      uncontrolled, the other drug was added. The patients showed good overall blood
      pressure response to both treatment regimes. Three patients in the Captopril
      group developed a rash. The significance of the effectiveness in essential
      hypertension of a drug which acts to block the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
      system is discussed.

PMID- 386193
TI  - Drugs in pregnancy.

PMID- 386194
TI  - Radiocolloids in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
AB  - Though radiocolloids have been used for over twenty years in the treatment of
      ovarian cancer, no comprehensive review of the literature exists. This review
      incorporates the historical development of radiocolloids, discusses the physical
      properties and physics of the two commonly used colloids, radioactive gold (Au
      198) and radioactive phosphorus (P-32), discusses instillation and distribution
      of intraperitoneally administered P-32, and reviews result of treatment. The
      conclusions reached from this review are that Au-198 is a very different
      radiocolloid than P-32; that the dose of clinically used P-32 is determined from
      an empirically determined dose of Au-198; and that the dose of 100 mCi to 150 mCi
      of Au-198 yields significantly greater radiation than 10 mCi to 15 mCi of P-32.
      The complications associated with Au-198 are results of a possibly excessive
      dose, with a significant gamma component, delivered over a shorter period of
      time. It is clear that in greater than 99% of distintegrations each beta particle
      is associated with a gamma component. The review of the literature also shows
      that no propsective randomized well controlled study has indicated the
      effectiveness of P-32 over other treatment modalities. The clinical applicability
      of P-32 awaits prospective randomized trials and the ability to accurately
      determine dose and dose-distribution in-vivo.

PMID- 386195
TI  - Control of perinatal infection by traditional preventive measures.
AB  - A 9-year review of nosocomial infections occurring in the department of
      obstetrics and gynecology of a major teaching hospital demonstrated the dramatic
      effect of strict asepsis and isolation on postoperative infection rates. With
      rigidly enforced preventive measures and without the use of prophylactic
      antibiotics, the rates of wound infection and endometritis and the relative
      prevalence of gram-negative aerobic organisms cultured from these infections
      could be reduced substantially. The role of anerobes in these infections was not
      established, since adequate techniques for the accurate diagnosis of anaerobic
      infection were not available at the time of this study. The relative importance
      of the numerous infection-control measures used is unclear. It is apparent,
      however, that by implementing all traditional methods of asepsis, virtually all
      types of nosocomial infection could be controlled, and the increased prevalence
      of gram-negative infections observed during the past decades could be reversed.

PMID- 386196
TI  - Trophoblast growth in the lungs of mice.
AB  - Trophoblast giant cells grow from ectoplacental cones of 7 1/2 days' gestation
      that are implanted in the lung from the surface, intrabronchially, or via the
      circulation. When blastocysts of 3 1/2 days' gestation are implanted in lung,
      their behavior varies according to the route of implantation and the ages of the
      recipient mice. Blastocysts produced trophoblast giant cells when implanted in
      the bronchial tree. Trophoblast giant cells were not seen in adult lungs when
      blastocysts were introduced via the circulation. However, they were seen in 12
      day-old mice injected in the same way 10 days previously. Something is apparently
      liberated from adult lung vessels which interacts with the blastocyst or zona
      pellucida and causes rapid degeneration of trophoblast. Experiments designed to
      extract this agent are in progress in the hope that the agent may be useful in
      the treatment of human trophoblastic disease.

PMID- 386199
TI  - Renal transplantation at the Cleveland clinic: current perspectives after 600
      transplants.

PMID- 386198
TI  - Mechanism of single-stitch failure of tubal ligation: a morphologic appraisal.
AB  - The widespread demand for a simple, safe, and reversible sterilization procedure
      has attracted the attention of clinicians and researchers. A simple ligation with
      a single suture of nonabsorbable linen, involving a very small segment of tube (1
      mm) in the isthmic portion about 1 cm from the isthmic ampullary junction, was
      used in 463 multiparous women. Of the 363 cases followed for a period of 1--3
      years, there have been 52 failures. In 10 unsuccessful cases total abdominal
      bilateral salpingectomy was performed, and a detailed histologic study of these
      20 tubes was instituted in an attempt to understand the mechanics of failure of
      the single-stitch technique. This is the first such study to be reported.

PMID- 386197
TI  - Spontaneous feminization and menstrual function developing during puberty in
      Turner's syndrome.
AB  - An 18-year-old patient with Turner's syndrome presented with cyclical vaginal
      bleeding and spontaneous development of secondary sexual characteristics. She
      demonstrated classic features of Turner's phenotype, and a culture of blood
      lymphocytes revealed a 45,XO karyotype. The patient's plasma and urinary estrogen
      concentrations were similar to those in normal adult women in the late
      proliferative phase. In contrast, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle
      stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were elevated to values seen in postmenopausal
      women. Dynamic testing revealed no estrogen response to human menopausal
      gonadotropin (/MG) and a paradoxical fall in estrogen after administration of
      human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Administration of luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LH-RH) resulted in an exaggerated response of both
      gonadotropins. Dilatation and curettage revealed endometrial hyperplasia, and a
      laparotomy revealed the presence of 2 gonadlike structures. The histologic
      diagnosis was lutein cyst. Karyotyping of lymphocytes, skin from the abdominal
      incision, and tissue from both gonadal structures revealed a 45,XO karyotype
      without evidence of mosaicism.

PMID- 386201
TI  - [Ligandin localization in the gonadal cells of rats at various stages of
      ontogeny].
AB  - Ligandin, a protein binding some carcinogens, steroids and other substances in
      the rat liver, has been found by means of indirect immunofluorescence in the
      gonad cells of different types: embryonic and mature Leidig cells in testes,
      ovarian thecal cells at the maturation stages (theca interna, atretic follicles
      and interstitial cells) and luteal cells of corpus luteum at pregnancy. Ligandin
      is found, thus, in cells which belong to various lines of cell differentiation.
      The functional role of ligandin is discussed.

PMID- 386200
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the spermatozoids of the pulmonate molluscs, Trichia hispida
      and succinea putris].
AB  - The ultrastructural study of spermatozoa of hermaphroditic land molluscs Trichia
      hispida and Succinea putris has shown that the general pattern of their structure
      is similar. At the same time differences were found in the fine structure of
      acrosome, centriolar region (neck) and mitochondrial derivate (accessory
      nucleus). The mitochondrial derivate of spermatozoa of both the species contains
      three secondary spirals of varying length (vs. one-two in other species of
      pulmonate molluscs).

PMID- 386203
TI  - [A.V. Rumiantsev (on the 90th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 386204
TI  - [Kropotovo Biological Station of the N.K. Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental
      Biology of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR].

PMID- 386202
TI  - [Influence of the age of the recipient on the manifestation of the effect of
      allogeneic inhibition].
AB  - The expression of allogenic inhibition was studied when transplanting 10(5) cells
      of bone marrow of C57BL mice to the lethally irradiated recipients (CBA X C57BL)
      F1 of different age (2 to 11 months). In the control experiments the bone marrow
      cells at the same dose were introduced to the lethally irradiated syngenic
      (C57BL) mice. The most pronounced inhibition of the parental stem cells
      proliferation was registered in 2 months old recipients F1 (4.7 times), it was
      somewhat weakened in 3 months old and animal in 4--11 months old recipients (1.1
      to 1.8 times). The thymectomy of adult recipients F1 did not eliminate the
      expression of allogenic inhibition.

PMID- 386205
TI  - Modified Wheeler orbicularis overlap procedure for senile entropion.
AB  - Senile entropion is a condition involving the lower lid due to aging. Surgical
      correction has been directed to either increasing the vertical or horizontal
      tension on the tarsus. While all are good, each has its shortcomings with
      resultant recurrences. The procedure we are presenting is a combination of
      features which has given us the least recurrence rate. These include horizontal
      shortening of skin and orbicularis muscle and positioning of orbicularis straps
      so as to prevent their riding up on the tarsus. Figures illustrating the
      procedure in detail as well as pre and postoperative photos are shown.

PMID- 386206
TI  - Repair of total and subtotal symblepharons.
AB  - Large adhesions between a globe and an eyelid reform after surgical sectioning.
      Techniques to prevent reattachment have relied on mucosal grafts or plastic
      shields to prevent opposing raw surfaces from touching each other. A procedure is
      described using neither graft nor plastic shells which enables the traumatized
      surfaces to be opposed to uninjured mucosa until healing has been completed. This
      procedure makes use of techniques which are usually employed to repair other
      kinds of ophthalmic problems: after the symblepharon is dissected from the
      cornea, it is used to form the inner surface of the lid; Beta radiation is
      applied and bare sclera is not covered; the globe is then rotated with traction
      sutures and tethered to the lateral canthus until spontaneous epithelialization
      is achieved.

PMID- 386207
TI  - Mechanical ectropion repair using tarsal rotation sutures.
AB  - Chronic mechanical ectropion may persist despite elimination of its causal
      factors. Four such cases are presented in which traditional surgical management
      was not appropriate. Instead, tarsal rotation sutures were applied, eliminating
      the ectropion and deepening the inferior fornix in each case. This technique is
      presented in detail, along with a discussion of its mechanical principle which
      establishes the infraorbital rim as the center of rotation of the eyelid,
      anchoring the sutures and placing an inward torque on the tarsal plate.

PMID- 386208
TI  - Prophylactic antibiotics in oral surgery: fact or fiction.

PMID- 386209
TI  - [Dr. Karoly Farkas (1905--1979)].

PMID- 386210
TI  - [Auricular cleft].

PMID- 386211
TI  - [In memory of Dr. Tadeusz Zbychorski].

PMID- 386212
TI  - Treatment of advanced prostatic cancer with flutamide.

PMID- 386213
TI  - Epidemiology, microbiology and management of otitis media.
AB  - Epidemiologic studies indicate that the maximum incidence of otitis media (OM)
      occurs 6 to 24 months of age. Features associated significantly with recurrent OM
      include sex (males greater than females), race (white greater than black) and
      having a sibling with recurrent OM. Persistence of middle ear effusion (MEE)
      following acute OM is frequent; 40% of children have MEE one month after onset of
      OM. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are the most frequent
      organisms isolated from MEE of children with acute OM. Viruses and mycoplasma are
      uncommonly present in MEE. Therapy of acute OM includes antibiotics active
      against the two major organisms. Appropriate management of recurrent episodes of
      OM or persistent MEE is unclear but current studies include use of prophylactic
      antimicrobial agents and a multitype pneumococcal vaccine.

PMID- 386214
TI  - Recent advances in drug therapy of some forms of childhood epilepsy.

PMID- 386215
TI  - Current advances in perinatal medicine.
AB  - The enhancement of pulmonary maturation with the resultant ability to prevent
      hyaline membrane disease has given rise to the use of a number of drugs
      experimentally including corticosteroids, thyroxine, aminophylline, heroin, and
      several suggested others for this purpose. In clinical use to date only the
      corticosteroids have been widely utilized in man but it is clear that these
      agents are capable of effecting an advancement in the maturation of the
      surfactant system of the lung and a subsequent reduction in the incidence of
      severity of hyaline membrane disease. However, all agents which act by the
      enhancement of maturation also carry with them a resultant arrest to replication
      of tissues and there have been demonstrable effects on both the lung and possibly
      the brain of the organisms to whom these agents have been administreted. In this
      connection it is, therefore, important to realize that the advantages gained from
      these agents may be counterbalanced by disadvantages from their usage and that a
      reasoned and careful approach in each individual case is mandatory when use of
      such agents is considered. Experimental and clinical studies suggest the
      possibility that Vitamin E acting as a free radical scavenger may be important in
      the prevention of oxygen toxicity both to the eye (retrolental fibroplasia) as
      well as ameliorating the oxygen component of the destructive effects of
      respirator lung disease (bronchopulmonary dysplasia). The action of Vitamin E
      under these circumstances is not dependent upon its actual quantitative level in
      the plasma of premature infants but in utilization to its excess. Although
      phototherapy has been universally and widely used since 1958, precise studies of
      its mechanism of action have not been revealing. Recent work has suggested that
      following exposure to photoirradiation, bilirubin in its unconjugated form can be
      seen to appear in the excretory bile ducts suggesting the transport of
      unconjugated bilirubin through the liver. More recent evidence has also suggested
      that this occurrence is the result of internal rotation following light exposure
      of one of the double bonded rings which effectively converts the molecule from a
      lipid soluble to a water soluble and thereby excretable form. These studies would
      not only account for an appropriate explanation of the quantitative reduction in
      bilirubin observed but carry with them the other important consideration that the
      amount of light exposure necessary to accomplish this is strikingly less than the
      previously considered photooxidation reaction. The clinical implications of these
      findings may suggest a reevaluation of the quanta of light which has been used
      for purposes of phototherapy to date.

PMID- 386217
TI  - Past, present and future of the specialised service for spinal cord sufferers.
      Sir Ludwig Guttmann, C.B.E., F.R.S.

PMID- 386216
TI  - (Ludwig Guttmann)

PMID- 386218
TI  - Professor Sir Ludwig Guttmann, C.B.E., O.ST.J., F.R.S., M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.C.S.,
      D.Sc.(Hon), LL.D.(Hon), D.Ch.(Hon).

PMID- 386219
TI  - Sir Ludwig Guttmann: from a grateful patient.

PMID- 386220
TI  - Foreword to the first edition of the Journal of Paraplegia: volume I- number I-
      April 1963: Ludwig Guttmann.

PMID- 386222
TI  - Introduction by Sir Henry Yellowless (Sir Ludwig Guttmann).

PMID- 386221
TI  - Early research and pathophysiology (Ludwig Guttmann).

PMID- 386223
TI  - Sir Ludwig Guttmann.

PMID- 386224
TI  - Introduction: Sir Ludwig Guttmann.

PMID- 386225
TI  - New hope for spinal sufferers: Ludwig Guttmann. Reproduced from Medical Times,
      November 1945.

PMID- 386226
TI  - On the occasion of Sir Ludwig's 80th birthday.

PMID- 386227
TI  - 'Let us now praise famous men' (Ludwig Guttmann).

PMID- 386229
TI  - Appreciation (Ludwig Guttman).

PMID- 386228
TI  - A master- a friend (Ludwig Guttmann).

PMID- 386230
TI  - Appreciation (Ludwig Guttman).

PMID- 386231
TI  - Appreciation (Ludwig Guttman).

PMID- 386232
TI  - On health deriviation and rehabilitation in spinal paraplegia and tetraplegia:
      Professor Sir Ludwig Guttmann, C.B.E., F.R.S., M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.C.S. The
      Harbern Lecture, Royal Institute of Public Health and Hygiene, 1976. Reprinted
      from Community Health 8, 186-208.

PMID- 386233
TI  - Dr Lorenz S. Michaelis.

PMID- 386234
TI  - [Successes of modern malariology].
AB  - Malariological situation analysis in the USSR and world over testifies to
      increasing malaria incidence particularly in the countries where earlier it was
      almost fully eradicated. Malaria epidemics in these countries (posteradication
      epidemics) is a new phenomenon in malariology. Temporary success of the global
      campaign of malaria eradication has led to a deadlock in malariology which during
      the past 10 years is being successfully overcome. Achievements of modern
      malariology are reviewed in the article on three levels of the host-parasite
      relationships: a cell, organism and population. Particular significance of the
      research in malaria vaccines is emphasized.

PMID- 386235
TI  - Chest wall mechanics and respiratory muscles in infants.

PMID- 386236
TI  - Asymptomatic bacteriuria in adolescent girls: II. Screening methods.
AB  - Of 500 asymptomatic adolescent girls who were screened for bacteriuria by three
      methods-dipslide (Uricult), dipstrip (Microstix-3 reagent strips), and home
      nitrite test (Microstix-Nitrite reagent strips)-eight cases (1.6%) were detected:
      6/8 by dipslide and dipstrip; 5/8 by nitrite testing. The false-positive-rate
      (greater than 10(4) colonies/ml) of the dipslide test was 6.4%, and the dipstrip
      test, 2.8%. A history of vaginal discharge was not associated with "contaminated"
      specimens. False-positive nitrite tests were reported by 0.6% of the patients who
      returned the postcards. Overall, 70.4% of the patients returned the postcards for
      the home nitrite test. The patients were divided by method of payment (Medicaid
      vs non-Medicaid) in order to provide an approximation of socioeconomic status;
      non-Medicaid patients were significantly more likely to return postcards than
      Medicaid patients (75.8% vs 63.7%). Of the group reporting previous urinary tract
      infection, 79% of both Medicaid and non-Medicaid patients returned postcards,
      suggesting that a prior experience with the diagnosis increased compliance with a
      home test.

PMID- 386237
TI  - Modern management of tetanus neonatorum.
AB  - Five infants with neonatal tetanus were managed with neuromuscular blockade and
      positive pressure ventilation. All survived. Tetanus was frequently confused with
      neonatal seizures at time of presentation. All infants were delivered at home.
      Mean age of onset of symptoms of poor suck, hypertonicity, and generalized spasms
      was 5.4 days with hospital admission at 6.4 days. Mean duration of mechanical
      ventilation was 34 days. Although hospital management of tetanus neonatorum may
      be expected to have a satisfactory outcome, it represents a costly and complex
      approach to a preventable disease.

PMID- 386238
TI  - Impaired cell-mediated immune response in patients with congenital rubella:
      correlation with gestational age at time of infection.
AB  - Lymphocyte transformation, interferon, and leukocyte migration inhibition factor
      synthesis were studied in purified lymphocyte cultures for 20 children with
      congenital rubella and 18 healthy children (seven susceptible and 11 immune to
      rubella). Lymphocyte transformation after phytophemagglutinin stimulation was
      significantly lower in children with congenital rubella as compared to healthy
      controls. Responses to purified rubella virus were absent in the susceptible
      controls and absent or at least two times lower in congenital rubella children
      than in immune controls. After purified rubella virus stimulation, leukocyte
      migration inhibition factor production was detected in all immune controls, but
      in none of the susceptible controls,  or the congenital rubella-infected
      children. The results varied with gestational age of intrauterine infection: the
      impairment of cellular immune response, both after phytohemagglutinin or rubella
      virus stimulation, was more severe in the children infected in the first two
      months than in the latter stages of gestation.

PMID- 386239
TI  - Countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis in group B streptococcal disease.
AB  - Countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis was used for the detection of group- and
      type-specific antigens in the body fluids of 61 infants from St. Louis and
      Indiana with group B streptococcal infections. Urine concentrated using an Amicon
      filter yielded the highest percentage of positive results; 81% were positive in
      the St Louis group. When three body fluids (urine, CSF, and blood) were
      available, at least one was positive for group B streptococcus in 95% of the
      cases. This study demonstrates the applicability of this test in a tertiary care
      facility (St Louis) and in smaller hospitals (Indiana) with access to central
      laboratory.

PMID- 386240
TI  - Comparison of urinary lactic dehydrogenase with antibody-coated bacteria in the
      urine sediment as means of localizing the site of urinary tract infection.
AB  - Two noninvasive methods of localizing the site of urinary tract infection,
      urinary lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes and antibody coating of bacteria in
      the urinary sediment, have been prospectively compared with the bladder washout
      technique in a series of children with urinary tract infection. Fifteen children
      had infection localized in the upper tract. Urinary LDH isoenzymes correctly
      localized the infection in 14 children; however, the infection was correctly
      localized by the antibody coating of bacteria in only eight patients (P less than
      .02). Fourteen children had lower tract infection by the bladder washout
      technique. Urinary LDH isoenzymes localized the infection in all 14 children,
      whereas the antibody coating correctly localized the infection in ten children (P
      less than .05). This study shows the urinary LDH isoenzyme pattern to be a more
      accurate technique than the detection of antibody-coated bacteria for localizing
      the site of urinary tract infection.

PMID- 386241
TI  - Nephritis in children and young adults with systemic lupus erythematosus and
      normal urinary sediment.
AB  - One male and seven female patients (aged 6 to 26 years) with systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE), normal urinalyses, and normal biochemical tests of renal
      function, had renal biopsies to determine if significant nephropathy existed.
      Several had active SLE in other body systems at the time, either clinically or as
      evidenced by low serum complement and high native DNA antibody levels. The renal
      biopsy specimens were studied by light, fluorescent antibody, and electron
      microscopy. Three patients had a generalized segmental, two had a focal
      segmental, and one had a generalized diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. In
      addition, one patient had minimal glomerular findings with interstitial
      inflammation. All eight patients were found to have moderate immune complex
      deposition by immunofluorescence and/or electron microscopy studies. The absence
      of clinical renal involvement in patients with SLE does not preclude ongoing
      active and "silent" glomerular damage with moderately severe proliferative
      changes.

PMID- 386242
TI  - [Changes in the electrical activity of the myocardium in nonrheumatic myocarditis
      in children].

PMID- 386243
TI  - Claude Bernard and the nature of gastric acid.

PMID- 386244
TI  - Roads to Oz. I. A personal account of some U.S.-USSR medical exchanges and
      contacts, 1942-1962.

PMID- 386246
TI  - Scholarships, fellowships, educational grants and loans for registered nurses.

PMID- 386245
TI  - Mirror, mirror.

PMID- 386247
TI  - Scholarships and loans for beginning education in nursing.

PMID- 386248
TI  - [10 years of co-operation between the Scandinavian countries concerning kidney
      transplantations. Considerable progress of Scandiatransplant. 2,000 kidneys
      exchanged between the Scandinavian centers].

PMID- 386249
TI  - The ulcus-syndrome in cod (Gadus morhua). II. A bacteriological investigation.

PMID- 386250
TI  - Measurements of paralytic shellfish poisons. A review of biological and chemical
      procedures.
AB  - Paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) are derivatives of a tetrahydropurine base,
      which includes saxitoxin, 1-hydroxy saxitoxin, and 11-hydroxy saxitoxin sulfate.
      These compounds are produced by Gonyaulax catenella and other dinoflagellate
      species, and the algal toxins (phycotoxins) contaminate shellfish during the
      filter-feeding process performed by the bivalve molluscs. Increased incidence of
      algal blooms and outbreaks of PSP food poisonings have been encountered in recent
      years, resulting in a demand for closely monitoring of shellfish for these
      toxins. The existing biological and chemical procedures for analysis are
      reviewed. The mouse bioassay is commonly used in routine analysis, but is
      nonspecific. Several of the chemical procedures are specific and more sensitive
      than the mouse bioassay. The disadvantage, however, seems to be that not all
      known PSP compounds can be quantitiatively measured by any single chemical
      procedure.

PMID- 386251
TI  - The effect of protein-binding on the excretion of three sulphonamide preparations
      in the milk of dairy cows, examined by chemical and microbiological methods.
AB  - The relationship between the protein-binding of sulphonamides and their excretion
      in the milk of dairy cows was studied using three preparations commercially
      available in Finland. After a preparations containing sulfadiazine and
      sulfadimidine was given intravenously to dairy cows the drugs were excreted into
      milk to a greater extent than in the case of sulfamethoxypyridazine and
      especially of sulfaphenazole given similarly. An inverse relationship was found
      between the degree of protein-binding in the serum and the excretion into milk.
      The antimicrobially active concentrations of sulphonamides in serum and milk
      persisted for less than 24 hours when the doses recommended by the manufacturers
      were used. From a pharmacological point of view the sulfadiazine-sulfadimidine
      combination seems to be the drug of choice. Although no traces of sulphonamides
      were detected 48 hours after the dosing, the question of milk residues could not
      be answered because the minimum detection level of the methods used in the study
      was approximately 1 microgram/ml. The IDF standard method for the detection of
      penicillin in milk is not suitable for the detection of sulphonamide residues in
      milk.

PMID- 386252
TI  - [Shock. A review (author's transl)].
AB  - Shock is defined as a secondary condition constituting a complication to a
      primary disease of which more than 100 are recorded in the literature. Shock is
      characterized by prolonged circulatory inadequacy leading to insufficient tissue
      perfusion and cell death. According to etiology shock is classified into three
      main groups: hypovolemic, vasogenic and cardiogenic shock. Taking hypovolemic
      shock as a model the pathgenesis of shock is presented. Hypovolemia acts on the
      baroreceptors giving rise to a sympatho-adrenal response resulting in increased
      vasoconstriction, which again leads to viscerocutaneous ischemia. This phase is
      known as the ischemic anoxic or centralized shock phase. Without treatment this
      phase develops into the second socalled stagnant anoxic or paralytic shock phase.
      "Irreversible shock" is discussed. The pathogenesis of vasogenic and cardiogenic
      shock is mentioned and compared with hypovolemic shock. It is emphasized that the
      sympatho-adrenal response is the central and common feature in every shock
      development. Special reference is made to septic shock with its outstanding
      circulatory conditions (arteriovenous shunting). Lacticacidemia and metabolic
      acidosis are described as the most important metabolic alterations in shock. With
      reference to pathenesis the main clinical symptoms of shock are presented:
      increased heart rate, initially pale later hyperemic, congested and terminally
      cyanotic mucosae, increased capillary filling time, cold skin and low body
      temperature. All these signs are related to the sympatho-adrenal response. It is
      pointed out that the patient in shock is depressed. Inevitably the primary
      disease will modify the shock symptoms. Hyperemia with edema, hemorrhages and
      thrombosis in organs and tissues are morphological manifestations of shock. Later
      microscopically detectable degenerative and necrotic alterations develop, and
      there are signs of intravascular coagulation (hyaline thrombi and spheres). Due
      to the rather nonspecific macroscopic alterations a post mortem shock diagnosis
      necessitates for completion histology and/or a clinical shock diagnosis. Some of
      the most important shock-provoking primary diseases dealt with in veterinary
      practice are mentioned along with their possible shock pathogenesis. Referring to
      the shock pathogenesis the therapy is discussed. The first and indispensable
      therapeutical measure in treating shock per se is increasing the circulating
      blood volume, Balanced electrolyte solutions are preferred. Examples of
      composition, doses (up to 80--200 ml/kg body weight) and infusion rate (initially
      15--30 ml/kg body weight during the first 10--20 min., then quantum satis) are
      given.

PMID- 386253
TI  - The occurrence of salmonella in waste water from Danish slaughterhouses. A
      quantitative study.
AB  - In waste water from 11 slaughterhouses, the occurrence of salmonellas were
      followed continually during a whole week. Thirty-eight samples out of 66 were
      contaminated. The mean concentrations of salmonellas varied between 0.9 and 668
      per 100 ml. Only 4 different serotypes were found viz., S. agona, S. indiana, S.
      senftenberg, and S. typhimurium. This distribution of serotypes is incompatible
      with epidemiological data from humans, animals, and feed-stuffs. It is suggested
      that certain serotypes of Salmonella may become established in sewage systems of
      slaughterhouses or that propagation of salmonellas may take place in the sewer
      rats. In one particular plant, large numbers of S. senftenberg were found during
      the whole period of sampling. It is pointed out that discharge of such heavily
      polluted waste water into water courses may constitute a public health hazard if
      the recipient is used for irrigation of vegetables or pastures.

PMID- 386254
TI  - Survey of impression materials and techniques in New Mexico.

PMID- 386255
TI  - [Bacterial infections in renal homotransplant recipients. Results of regular
      bacteriological controls (author's transl)].
AB  - Bacterial infections were studied in 51 immunosuppression kidney transplant
      recipients. Eighty infectious episodes occured in the first six post
      transplantation months. Forty percent of these episodes were nonfebrile, detected
      during the routine bacteriological follow-up examination. Out of these 80
      bacterial infections, 59 were localized (47 in the urinary tract, nine in the
      surgical wound and three in the lungs) and 21 had spread. Neutopenia occured in
      13 patients, in association with septicaemia in eight of them. Usually
      septicaemia appeared before neutropenia. In 12 cases, infectious episodes (10
      septicaemias and two localized infections) and transplant failure were closely
      related. The bacterial strains responsible for these infections were essentially:
      Staphylococcus spp (39), Streptococcus spp (14), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9),
      Escherichia coli (9). Most of the localized infections cleared up when treated
      with a specific antibiotic. Seven failures of antibiotic treatment were observed
      in 21 cases of generalized infections. The importance of regular post
      transplantation bacteriological check-up in detecting and treating infectious
      complications in graft recipients must be emphasized.

PMID- 386256
TI  - [Drug-induced active hepatitis (author's transl)].
AB  - Drug-induced active hepatitis is rare. The three main drugs incriminated are
      oxyphenisatine, alphamethyldopa and isoniazid. Despite the histological
      appearance suggestive of chronic active hepatitis, such forms of hepatitis, and
      in particular those due to alphamethyldopa and isonizid, follow an acute rather
      than a chronic course. The course is usually rapidly favourable when the
      responsible drug is stopped, provided the histological lesions are not those of
      multilobar necrosis or cirrhosis.

PMID- 386257
TI  - [Tubo-uterin implantation: microsurgical technic (author's transl)].
AB  - Fourteen tubo-uterin implantations for endometriosis of the horn and infertility
      have been carried out. They have been made with microsugery with a reversed
      transcornual T access. The setting of a retractor pushing off the edges of the
      uterin muscle allows the removing of the pathological zone, allows also not to
      hurt the vascularisation during the dissection of the nodule, and allows also to
      suture edge to edge the tube to the uterus under microsurgical control. This
      original process allows a new setting up of the continuity (Ten permeabilities
      cheked with hysterography 2 pregnancies and 2 obstructions among 14 cases after a
      passing of less than 1 year).

PMID- 386258
TI  - [Urinary infection caused by Salmonella enteritidis in Schistosoma haematobium
      bilharziasis].

PMID- 386259
TI  - [The localisation of urinary tract infections using the tetrazolium nitroblue
      test (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to study the value of the tetrazolium nitroblue test (TNB) in the
      localisation of urinary tract infections, the authors performed this test in 33
      patients with a urinary tract infection and in 20 control children suffering from
      no bacterial infection. The 33 infected children were divided into three groups
      on the basis of clinical and bacteriological criteria (dysuria, frequency, fever,
      abdominal pain, inflammatory syndrome, immunofluorescence of bacteriuria, serum
      antibody levels): -- group A (8 children): upper urinary infection -- group B (14
      children): lower urinary infection -- group C (11 children): urinary infection of
      undetermined site. The number and percentage of TNB positive polynuclears was
      significantly higher in the children of group A than in the children of group B
      (p 0.001). By contrast there was no significant difference between the results
      obtained: in the non-infected control group and in group B -- in group A and
      group C. These results, confirming a previous study by Bjorksten and de Chateau,
      show the value of the TNB test in the localisation of urinary tract infection in
      the child.

PMID- 386260
TI  - [Aorto-coronary venous bypass. The value of microsurgical techniques (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The application of microsurgical techniques to myocardial revascularisation
      surgery by aorto-coronary venous bypass makes it possible to extend the
      indications for operation to patients with severe coronary lesions, generally
      considered to be unsuitable. A technique of vascular suture in two layers
      combined with a widening angioplasty is described. Their value is illustrated by
      the blood flow studies and the clinical results in 66 bypass performed on 32
      patients.

PMID- 386261
TI  - [Secondary perforation of the brachiocephalic vein by a central venous catheter
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 386262
TI  - [Systemic lupus erythematosus and anti-native desoxyribonucleic acid antibodies:
      clinical and laboratory comparison of the results given by two methods of
      detection (author's transl)].
AB  - Simultaneous application of two methods for the detection of anti-native DNA
      antibodies (indirect immunofluorescence on DNA fibres and Farr's
      radioimmunological method with native DNA labelled C14) to 53 serum samples from
      32 patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) indicated a certain
      number of discordances between the results obtained. Correlations between
      clinical and laboratory findings were found, such that certains types of anti
      native DNA antibodies (n) may be specific to certain clinical manifestations of
      SLE: a good correlation was seen between She fixation of anti-C14 nDNA and the
      titre of IF anti-nDNA in the group of SLE with renal involvement, but was not
      found in the group of SLE with central nervous system involvement. There was no
      parallel between the course of renal involvement and anti-nDNA antibody titres,
      without treatment being directly responsible. The significance of the presence or
      absence of anti-DNA antibodies with the two methods of detection used is not of
      any single significance. Several types of anti-nDNA antibodies are present in a
      given specimen of lupus serum. Certain anti-nDNA antibodies are not detected or
      are at the limit of a positive result in the presence of neurological
      manifestations. From a practical standpoint, the use of several laboratory tests
      is desirable for the possible investigation of SLE.

PMID- 386264
TI  - [Brief review of the history of hypnotics].

PMID- 386263
TI  - [Group B streptococcal infections in perinatology. 44 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 386265
TI  - [Controlled preoperative trials of 5 hypnotics and a placebo in 1313 patients].

PMID- 386266
TI  - [Artificial pancreas: clinical and therapeutic value in 11 patients (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Fluctuations in blood glucose levels which occur in the brittle diabetic explain
      the difficulty of blood glucose control by insulin therapy as used at the present
      time. The artificial endocrine pancreas is a bedside device capable of
      maintaining blood sugar value within a normal range by the administration of
      adequate amounts of insulin or glucose given at the optimal time. The glycemic
      control of 11 brittle diabetics is improved during the 5 days after a 24 hour
      connection with the AEP. A better determination of adequate subcutaneous doses of
      insulin, based on the circadian insulin profile infused by the artificial
      endocrine pancreas, achieved the improvement of glycemia. Glucagon profile
      preceeding, during and after AEP is also discussed. Using a method of two
      injections daily of a mixture acterapid and semi-lente, as a general rule it is
      found that approximately fifty per cent of the dose must be given in the
      acterapid form. Glucagon value decreases during the 24 h artificial endocrine
      pancreas. This is suggestive of a possible role of hyperglucagonemia in brittle
      diabetes.

PMID- 386267
TI  - [Functional partial pancreatic homograft implanted in an adult diabetic patient].

PMID- 386268
TI  - [Medical confidentiality in the 19th century as discussed in medical and
      juridical texts].

PMID- 386269
TI  - [Antoine Laporte (1897--1979)].

PMID- 386270
TI  - Current status of the clonal abortion theory of B-lymphocyte tolerance.

PMID- 386271
TI  - Advances in leukemia, other than chemotherapy.

PMID- 386272
TI  - [Method of releasing neuropsychic tension].

PMID- 386273
TI  - Rapid print-readout technique for sequencing of RNA's containing modified
      nucleotides.
AB  - A rapid, simple, and highly sensitive method for sequence analysis of RNA was
      developed, which consists of the following steps: (i) controlled hydrolysis of
      the RNA by brief heating in water; (ii) (32P)-labeling of 5'-hydroxyl groups of
      the fragments produced in (i); (iii) resolution of labeled fragments by size on
      polyacrylamide gels giving the familiar "ladder"; (iv) contact transfer ("print")
      of the ladder from the gel to a PEI-cellulose thin layer; (v) in situ treatment
      of the ladder with RNase T2 resulting in the release of 5'-(32P)-labeled
      nucleoside-3',5' diphosphates; (vi) contact transfer and thin-layer separation of
      (32P)-labeled nucleotides on PEI-cellulose in ammonium sulfate and ammonium
      formate solvents; (vii) autoradiography. The chromatographic behavior of the 4
      major and 18 modified nucleotides was determined. The positions of major and
      modified nucleotides in the sequence can be read directly from the separation
      patterns displayed on X-ray film. As this is the only sequencing method presently
      available that allows one to display and identify directly the positions in the
      RNA chain of major and modified nucleotides, no additional procedures are
      required to analyze the latter.

PMID- 386274
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of starfish initiator tRNA.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of starfish ovary initiator tRNA was determined to be pA
      G-C-A-G-A-G-U-m1G-m2G-C-G-C-A-G-U-G-G-A-A-G-C-G-U-G-C-U-G-G-G-C-C-C-A-U-t6A-A-C-C
      C-A-G-A-G-m7G-D-m5C-C-G-A-G-G-A-psi-C-G-m1A-A-A-C-C-U-C-G-C-U-C-U-G-C-U-A-C-C
      AOH. The sequence was determined by a combination of the two different post
      labeling techniques. Two-dimensional cellulose thin-layer chromatography was
      adopted for analysis of 5'-terminal nucleotides of tRNA fragments produced by
      formamide treatment. The nucleotide sequence of starfish initiator tRNA is very
      similar to that of mammalian cytoplasmic initiator tRNAs, but has seven different
      nucleotide residues and two modifications: residue 55 is psi instead of U, and
      residue 26 is unmodified G instead of m2G.

PMID- 386275
TI  - Binding of Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins to 23S RNA under reconstitution
      conditions for the 50S subunit.
AB  - The RNA binding capacity of 50S proteins from E. coli ribosomes has been tested
      under improved conditions; purified proteins active in reconstitution assays were
      used, and the binding was studied under the conditions of the total
      reconstitution procedure for the 50S subunit. The results are: 1) Interaction of
      23S RNA was found with 17 proteins, namely L1, L2, L3, L4, L7/L12, L9, L10, L11,
      L15, L16, L17, L18, L20, L22, L23, L24 and L29. 2) The proteins L1, L2, L3, L4,
      L9, L23 and L24 bound to 23S RNA at a level of about one copy per RNA molecule,
      whereas L20 could bind more than one copy (no saturation was observed at 1.8
      copies per 23S RNA), and the other proteins bound 0.2--0.6 copies per RNA. 3) L1,
      L3, L7/L12 showed a slight binding to 16S RNA, L26 (identical with S20) strong
      binding to 16S RNA. 4) The binding of L2, L7/L12, L10, L11, L15, L16 and L18 was
      preparation sensitive, i.e. the binding ability changed notably from preparation
      to preparation. 5) All proteins bound equally well to 23S RNA in presence of 4
      and 20 mM Mg2+, respectively, except L2, L3, L4, L7/L12, L9, L10, L15, L16 and
      L18, which bound less strongly at 20 mM than at 4 mM Mg2+.

PMID- 386276
TI  - Isolation of a single polypeptide leucyl-tRNA synthetase from bakers' yeast.
AB  - A single polypeptide of leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LRS) has been purified from
      budding bakers' yeast by a modification of the procedure published earlier. On
      denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis LRS was one band corresponding to
      molecular weight of 120,000 +/- 5,000 daltons. Variable amounts of LRS with a
      similar molecular weight but which dissociated into equal subunits of 58,000 were
      also isolated. The affinities (KM) for substrates for this form of the enzyme
      were similar to those previously reported for the dimeric form of the enzyme.

PMID- 386277
TI  - Release of 7-methylguanine residues whose imidazole rings have been opened from
      damaged DNA by a DNA glycosylase from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Double-stranded DNA containing 7-methylguanine residues whose imidazole rings
      have been opened, i.e. 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-N-methylformamido-pyrimidine
      residues, may be prepared by treatment of DNA with dimethyl sulfate followed by
      prolonged incubation at pH 11.4. These substituted formamidopyrimidine residues
      are actively removed from DNA by a DNA glycosylase present in E. coli cell
      extracts. The enz;me shows no apparent cofactor requirement and has a molecular
      weight of about 30 000. The release of ring-opened 7-methyl-guanine residues is
      due to a previously unrecognized activity, different from the three known E. coli
      DNA glycosylases that release uracil, 3-methyladenine, and hypoxanthine from DNA.
      This enzyme may serve to repair a major secondary alkylation product in DNA. In
      addition, it may remove nonmethylated purines, whose imidazole rings have been
      opened, from X-irradiated DNA.

PMID- 386278
TI  - Polynucleotide-protein interactions in the translation system. Identification of
      proteins interacting with tRNA in the A- and P-sites of E. coli ribosomes.
AB  - Ultraviolet irradiation (lambda = 254 nm) of ternary complexes of E. coli 70 S
      ribosomes with poly(U) and either Phe-tRNAPhe (in the A-site) or NAcPhe-tRNAPhe
      (in the P-site) effectively induces covalent linking of tRNA with a limited
      number of ribosomal proteins. The data obtained indicate that in both sites tRNA
      is in contact with proteins of both 30 S and 50 S subunits (S5, S7, S9, S10, L2,
      L6 and L16 proteins in the A-site and S7, S9, S11, L2, L4, L7/L12 and L27
      proteins in the P-site). Similar sets of proteins are in contact with total
      aminoacyl-tRNA and N-acetylaminoacyl-tRNA. However, here no contacts of tRNA in
      the P-site with the S7 and L25/S17 proteins were revealed, whereas in the A-site
      total aminoacyl-tRNA contacts L7/L12. Proteins S9, L2 and, probably, S7 and
      L7/L12 are common to both sites.

PMID- 386280
TI  - Specific fluorescent labeling of 7-(aminomethyl)-7-deazaguanosine located in the
      anticodon of tRNATyr isolated from E. coli mutant.
AB  - Under-modified E. coli tRNATyr that contains 7-(aminomethyl)-7-deazaguanosine in
      place of Q nucleoside can be chemically modified by dansyl chloride under neutral
      conditions. Fluorescent labelling specifically occurred only in the 7
      (aminomethyl)-7-deazaguanine moiety. The modified tRNATyr was found to be active
      both in aminoacylation and in binding to ribosomes.

PMID- 386279
TI  - Site specific enzymatic cleavage of RNA.
AB  - The hybridization of a DNA oligonucleotide a specific tetramer or longer) will
      direct a cleavage by RNase H (EC 3.1.4.34) to a specific site in RNA. The
      resulting fragments can then be labeled at their 5' or 3' ends, purified, and
      sequenced directly. This procedure is demonstrated with two RNA molecules of
      known sequence: 5.8S rRNA from yeast (158 nucleotides) and satellite tobacco
      necrosis virus (STNV) RNA (1240 nucleotides).

PMID- 386282
TI  - Sequence of 1019 nucleotides encompassing one of the inverted repeats from the
      yeast 2 micrometer plasmid.
AB  - A sequence of 1019 nucleotides encompassing one of the 600 base inverted repeats
      and non-repeated flanking regions has been determined in the type A yeast 2
      micrometers plasmid cloned in pMB9. Methods are described for applying the Maxam
      Gilbert sequencing procedure to DNA fragments labelled at the 3'-end using a T4
      polymerase exchange/repair reaction and for sequencing 5'-end labelled fragments
      using dideoxy-nucleotides as chain terminators in the presence of E. coli DNA
      polymerase (nach Klenow). A notable feature of the sequence is its unusual
      content of symmetry elements. In one region of 140 nucleotides, 137 are involved
      in a complex arrangement of direct and inverted repeats linked by palindromic
      sequences.

PMID- 386281
TI  - Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the human growth hormone structural
      gene.
AB  - An almost complete cDNA copy of human growth hormone has been cloned and
      sequenced. The nucleotide sequence confirms the known protein sequence and
      predicts the sequence of a precursor region of 26 amino acids. We have compared
      the nucleotide sequence to that for the homolgous proteins, rat growth hormone
      and human chorionic somatomammotropin (Seeburg et al. and Shine et al., Nature
      270, 486 (1977)). There appears to be evolutionary conservation of mRNA sequence
      features not related to protein structure.

PMID- 386283
TI  - Studies on gene control regions XII. The functional significance of a lac
      operator constitutive mutation.
AB  - The functional significance of a lac operator constitutive mutation has been
      determined. The transition adenine-thymine to guanine-cytosine was shown to be a
      constitutive mutation simply because thymine contains the functionally important
      5-methyl group whereas cytosine does not. The remainder of the base pair is of no
      consequence. The experimental approach was to synthesize various modified
      operators containing cytosine, 5-methyl-cytosine, and 5-bromocytosine. The
      synthetic operator containing a guanine-cytosine base pair displays an eightfold
      reduction in stability with lac repressor whereas the operator containing 5
      methylcytosine binds repressor at least as tightly as does the wild type
      sequence. Results published previously have shown that a similar decrease in
      stability of the repressor-operator complex can be obtained simply by
      substituting uracil for thymine or by inverting the base pair to thymine-adenine.
      All these results taken together implicate the thymine 5-methyl as the only
      important functional group recognized by the lac repressor at this base pair.
      Further confirmation of this conclusion was obtained by substitution of 5
      bromocytosine and 5-bromouracil at this base pair. Both altered the stability of
      the repressor-operator complex by about the same percent suggesting that the
      bromine atom was the important determinant of complex stability for 5
      bromopyrimidine analogs.

PMID- 386284
TI  - The synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides using RNA ligase.
AB  - T4 RNA ligase catalyzes the addition of a single deoxyribonucleoside 3',5'
      bisphosphate to the 3'-hydroxyl of oligodeoxyribonucleotides (Hinton et al.
      (1978) Biochemistry 17, 5091). We have determined improved conditions for this
      reaction which give yields equal to or greater than 85% when any of five common
      deoxyribonucleoside bisphosphate (pdAp, pdCp, pdGp, pdTp, or pdUp) are added to
      dA(PDA)4. A low ATP concentration, which is constantly maintained by a
      regeneration system composed of phosphocreatine, creatine kinase, and myokinase,
      contributes to the attainment of high yields. The addition of RNase A and
      spermine also enhances the rates and yields of the reactions. These conditions
      facilitate the use of RNA ligase as a reagent for the stepwise synthesis of DNA
      of defined sequence.

PMID- 386285
TI  - Binding of magnesium ions and ethidium bromide: comparison of ribosomes and free
      ribosomal RNA.
AB  - Comparative studies of free ribosomal RNA and ribosomes were made with two
      probes, Mg++ ions and ethidium bromide, which interact with RNA in different
      ways. Mg++. E. coli 16 S rRNA and 30 S ribosomes were equilibrated with four
      different buffers. Equilibration required several days at 4 degrees and several
      hours at 37 degrees. In all buffers ribosomes bound more Mg than free rRNA, the
      difference sometimes reaching 20--30%. Ribosomes were more resistant than free
      rRNA to heat denaturation and their denaturation was more highly cooperative.
      Ribosomes that bound more Mg++ had higher denaturation temperatures. Ethidium
      bromide. Fluorescence enhancement studies of ethidium intercalation showed the
      free 16 S rRNA to have 50--80 binding sites per molecule. A large fraction of
      these sites were present and accessible in the ribosome, but their ethidium
      binding constants were reduced by an order of magnitude. In addition, free rRNA
      contained a small number of very strong binding sites that were virtually absent
      in the ribosomes.

PMID- 386286
TI  - The glutamyl-tRNA synthetase of Escherichia coli: substrate-induced protection
      against its thermal inactivation.
AB  - The substrates-induced protection against the heat-inactivation of the glutamyl
      tRNA synthetase has been investigated. tRNAGlu and ATP protect efficiently the
      enzyme, whereas glutamate does not. In the presence of tRNAGlu, glutamate induces
      an additional protection to that given by the tRNAGlu alone. A weak synergism was
      observed between ATP and tRNAGlu, whereas no synergism was detected between ATP
      and glutamate. These results suggest that tRNAGlu and ATP, but not glutamate are
      able to bind to the free enzyme form; glutamate binds only to the Enzyme.tRNAGlu
      and to the Enzyme.tRNAGlu.ATP complexes. The presence of the three substrates
      induces a higher stabilization of the enzyme than that expected from the
      protection observed for the various other substrates combinations, suggesting the
      existence of a marked synergism between the three substrates against the heat
      inactivation of the enzyme. The protection constants determined from this study
      are similar to the dissociation constants determined by direct binding
      experiments and to the Km values determined kinetically.

PMID- 386287
TI  - Determination of the recognition sites of cytosine DNA-methylases from
      Escherichia coli SK.
AB  - Two different cytosine DNA-methylases, NI and GII, are present in Escherichia
      coli SK. The GII methylase recognizes the five-member symmetric sequence:
      5'...NpCpCpApGpGpN...3'. This sequence is identical with the recognition site of
      the hsp II type determined by RII plasmid but, in contrast to RII methylase, the
      GII enzyme methylates cytosine located on the 5' side of the site. By analogy
      with the isoshizomery of the restricting endonucleases, RII and GII DNA
      methylaeses may be called isomethymers which recognize the same site but
      methylate different bases. Since the phage of the SK and hsp II phenotypes is
      effectively restricted in respective cells it may be assumed that the
      isomethymeric modification does not provide any protection against the
      corresponding restrictases. NI methylase recognizes the five-member symmetric
      site which represents an inverted sequence of the GII site:
      5'...NpGpGpApCpCpN...3'. In this case cytosine at the 3'-end of the recognition
      site is methylated.

PMID- 386288
TI  - Selected list of nursing books and journals.

PMID- 386289
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of culture media for use with a new method in diagnosis
      of species within the Enterobacteriaceae family].

PMID- 386290
TI  - [Preventive measures in the Old Testament].

PMID- 386291
TI  - Evaluating patients with suspected immunodeficiency. Guidelines for clinical and
      laboratory diagnosis.

PMID- 386292
TI  - Introductory address: lessons to be learned from high altitude.
AB  - A historical account of the important landmarks in man's experience with the high
      altitude environment is followed by comments on the important stages in the
      understanding of its physiological effects. The work of The Mount Logan High
      Altitude Physiology Study on acute mountain sickness is reviewed from its
      inception in 1967 until the present.

PMID- 386293
TI  - [Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the left lung into the innominate
      vein (author's transl)].
AB  - From 5 cases of partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the left lung into
      the innominate vein, it has been thought of interest to situate this type of
      venous anomaly among the partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage
      classification. It is revealed in 2 different ways. In adults, this malformation
      sets the problem of the diagnosis of an abnormal chest Xray, without symptom. In
      children, this vascular abnormality is discovered during the exploration of a
      congenital cardiopathy which causes the main symptoms. Embryological data are
      reviewed and statistics of frequency which lead to show that this type of partial
      anomalous venous drainage is often misunderstood, particularly with regard to
      anomalous venous drainage of the right lung.

PMID- 386294
TI  - [Nuclear methods in the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary diseases].

PMID- 386295
TI  - [Glomerular filtration and vascular permeability in diabetes mellitus].
AB  - Renal function (glomerular filtration) and vascular permeability were studied in
      89 patients with diabetes mellitus by means of labeled renotropic compounds.
      There was a direct relationship between the reduced glomerular filtration,
      severity and duration of the disease, condition of compensation, age and body
      weight of diabetic patients, and the presence of diabetic vascular lesions.
      Vascular permeability proved to be increased in the form of diabetes mellitus and
      in patients with marked renal pathology.

PMID- 386296
TI  - [Comparative study of the titre of circulating antibodies and the results of the
      iodine radioisotope indication test of the thyroid gland in chronic autoimmune
      thyroiditis].
AB  - A total of 293 patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis were observed. The
      circulating antibody titre to thyroglobulin was determined and 131I
      radioindication of the thyroid gland was made in 65 patients. The mentioned
      studies were diagnostically informative in the complex examination of patients
      with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.

PMID- 386298
TI  - [In memory of E.B. Pavlova].

PMID- 386297
TI  - [Heredity as a risk factor in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 386299
TI  - [Errors in studying cytological and histological preparations in the
      hematological clinic].

PMID- 386300
TI  - [Organofluorine compounds as oxygen-carrier blood substitutes].

PMID- 386302
TI  - [Hemocytology and molecular hematology].

PMID- 386301
TI  - [Problems in treating acute leukemias].

PMID- 386303
TI  - Graeme Robertson and the golden age of neurology.

PMID- 386304
TI  - Central pain mechanisms.

PMID- 386305
TI  - Association of central nervous system sarcoma with familial polyposis coli.
AB  - Familial polyposis of the colon is associated with an increased incidence in
      other parts of the body of benign and malignant, soft and hard connective tissue
      tumours. Clinical details and autopsy findings are reported in a 35-year-old man
      with familial polyposis who died from reticulum cell sarcoma (microglioma)
      involving his brain stem and upper spinal cord. While other central nervous
      system malignancy has been reported in association with familial polyposis, a
      sarcomatous tumour has not been previously described. In the clinical assessment
      of patients with familial polyposis the possibility should be considered of
      associated tumours in extracolonic sites, including the central nervous system.

PMID- 386306
TI  - Sodium valproate: dose-plasma level relationships and interdose fluctuations.
AB  - Individual dose-plasma level relationships were studied in 14 chronically treated
      epileptics, 10 of whom were concomitantly receiving other anticonvulsants besides
      valproate. Linear regression analysis showed each individual relationship to be
      linear with correlation co-efficients ranging from 0.9137 to 0.9997. A
      considerable inter-individual variation was found to exist in the slopes of the
      regression lines (range: 0.86 to 5.72). This may be the consequence of
      differences in absorption characteristics and metabolic handling of the drug. The
      results indicate that a proportional rise in plasma sodium valproate levels can
      be expected following dosage increments in an individual patient. Hourly plasma
      sodium valproate measurements for 6 hours between 2 successive doses, in the same
      group of patients, showed that the mean percentage change in post-dose peak
      plasma levels was 44.5%, and range from 20.7 to 153.5%. Plasma levels returned to
      values close to pre-dose starting levels 6 hours after the administration of a
      dose. The large degree of inter-dose fluctuation between doses indicates that it
      is preferable to use pre-dose plasma sodium valproate levels to guide the
      clinical management of epileptic patients.

PMID- 386308
TI  - A review of some aspects of the pharmacology of levodopa.
AB  - Levodopa has become established as the treatment of choice in Parkinson's
      disease. It is adsorbed by an active mechanism from the small bowel. Its
      pharmacological activity depends upon the formation of dopamine and possibly
      other metabolites. Its beneficial effect in Parkinson's disease probably depends
      upon temporarily restoring the ability of degenerating nigro-striatal cells to
      release dopamine. Its main side effect, that of dyskinesia, may reflect a direct
      action of dopamine on striatal receptors. Peripheral decarboxylase inhibitors
      reduce the incidence of levodopa-induced nausea, probably by lowering the
      concentration of dopamine in the area postrema. The introduction of levodopa in
      the treatment of Parkinson's disease is generally regarded as one of the uncommon
      examples in medicine where effective therapy has resulted from systematic
      research rather than seredipity. As our knowledge of the pharmacology of levodopa
      grows, we may be forced to admit that perhaps the right drug was chosen for the
      wrong reasons.

PMID- 386307
TI  - An evaluation of bromocriptine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
AB  - 22 patients entered a double-blind trial to test the efficacy of bromocriptine
      therapy in patients with Parkinson's disease already established on conventional
      levodopa therapy. 3 patients on placebo withdrew when no improvement occurred and
      control became complicated. 4 patients on active drug withdrew because of various
      symptoms, but in only 1 case were these (nausea and vomiting) thought to be a
      real drug effect. Of the 15 patients who completed the trial, 9 were on active
      drug and 6 were on placebo. Although more than half the patients in each group
      were subjectively improved, measurement scales of functional disability and
      physical examination revealed no significant change in either group. Side effects
      encountered included nausea, dyskinesiae and hallucinations. It is concluded that
      bromocriptine does not offer any additional benefit in most patients with
      Parkinson's disease who are well stabilised on levodopa therapy, but may have a
      place in those patients who encounter side effects due to fluctuations in serum
      and tissue levels of levodopa.

PMID- 386309
TI  - Preparation of highly purified lymphocytes from peripheral blood of kidney
      donors: elimination of myeloid cells using an IgG-CPG column.

PMID- 386310
TI  - The peritoneal dialysis system.

PMID- 386312
TI  - D lucus antigen defined lymphoblastoid cell panel allows detection of hitherto
      undetected adverse presensitization.

PMID- 386311
TI  - Interactions of drugs and peritoneal dialysis.

PMID- 386313
TI  - Pretransplant cellular immune responsiveness and outcome of renal
      transplantation.

PMID- 386315
TI  - Major factors affecting cadaver renal transplant outcome in a single center.
AB  - In this center, 3 major factors have favorably improved cadaver renal allograft
      survival rates. The good risk recipient has been associated with a better graft
      survival and lower mortality. This factor cannot easily be controlled because of
      an increasing percentage of poor risk recipients awaiting transplantation in most
      major centers. Recipient blood transfusions administered both before
      transplantation and at the operating table have led to a better allograft
      survival in our center. Cadaver donor genotyping with haplotype matching of donor
      recipient pairs has resulted in an improved graft survival. As sharing of kidneys
      between centers becomes more common, it is encouraging to note that one method of
      preservation is not superior to the other.

PMID- 386314
TI  - Improved results of secondary cadaver retransplantation.

PMID- 386316
TI  - Epidemic renal transplant rejection associated with influenza A victoria.
AB  - 1) IAV infection seems to trigger acute renal allograft rejection frequently,
      especially in the first few months post-transplant, and these rejections are
      severe with a high rate of ultimate graft loss; 2) seroconversion occurred in
      most cases despite high dose steroids; 3) the course of IAV was prolonged and
      associated with a high incidence of complications in patients on high dose
      steroids.

PMID- 386317
TI  - Ethics of related donation: the unsuccessful case.

PMID- 386318
TI  - Living nonrelated donors for transplantation.

PMID- 386319
TI  - Medical, moral and legal aspects of renal replacement therapy. (Part II).

PMID- 386320
TI  - Detection of antidonor antibody: advantages of fibroblast target cells.
AB  - Donor specific alloantibody was monitored in 40 kidney transplants for 3 most
      post-transplant. Two 51Cr release assays were used: complement-dependent lysis
      and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Fibroblast, lymphocyte, and
      lymphoblast target cells were all tested whenever possible. Antibody was detected
      in only 6 of 22 patients who achieved satisfactory function (creatinine less than
      3 at 3 mos), but in 15 of 18 patients who had an unfavorable outcome (return to
      dialysis or creatinine greater than 3 at 3 mos). The association of
      antifibroblast antibody with poor function was particularly striking: in the 33
      patients in whom donor fibroblasts were tested, none of 20 with good function had
      detectable antibody, whereas 10 of 16 with graft loss or poor function had
      detectable antibody. Studies with mouse fibroblasts indicated that the
      association of antifibroblast antibody with graft destruction may be explainable
      in terms of selective expression of various alloantigens on fibroblasts.

PMID- 386321
TI  - In vivo - in vitro correlates of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) immunosuppression
      in the human.

PMID- 386322
TI  - The correlation of kidney transplant survival with lymphocyte mediated
      cytotoxicity on B cell targets.
AB  - A LMC micromethod using specific B lymphocyte target cells labeled with a
      fluorescent dye has been developed to select matched donors and recipients for
      kidney allotransplantation. The fluorescence of the B lymphocyte target cells was
      85% or less of control levels in 9 of 28 patients. In 8 of these 9 hosts graft
      loss occurred. Nineteen sets of target cells showed 90-95% of control
      fluorescence. Only 5 of these recipients lost their transplants (p less than
      0.01). The fluorescent LMC test correlates with successful renal transplant
      outcome when the target cells are purified B cells.

PMID- 386323
TI  - Enhanced growth following renal transplantation utilizing alternate-day steroid
      therapy.

PMID- 386324
TI  - Retransplantation in children.
AB  - Evaluation of 75 cadaver donor retransplants revealed that the primary factor
      influencing allograft survival is patient responsiveness as reflected by
      sensitization with preformed cytotoxic antibodies. Actuarial allograft survival
      rates for nonpresensitized (less than 5%) and moderately presensitized (5-50%)
      recipients were significantly (p less than 0.001) better than those of highly
      presensitized (greater than 50%) recipients. Although HLA antigen
      histocompatibility did not have a statistically significant effect on
      retransplant outcome, it appeared to influence allograft survival in the highly
      presensitized recipient. An approach to the management of children who lose an
      initial or subsequent allograft is indicated by these data.

PMID- 386326
TI  - Quantitative methods for estimating the future need for and optimum location of
      ESRD service facilities.

PMID- 386325
TI  - Comparison of hemodialysis (HD) and renal transplantation (RT) from one center.

PMID- 386327
TI  - Steroid treatment for routine immunosuppression in cadaver renal transplantation.
      A survey of hospitals.
AB  - A review of data from 22 hospitals in the U.S. and Canada, comprised of
      information on 1700 kidney transplant patients, shows a consistent pattern with
      respect to usage of steroids both as routine treatment and for rejection
      episodes. High doses are associated with greater patient mortality. Graft
      survival is also adversely affected by very high doses, but only in the immediate
      post-transplant period. Our data suggest that for optimal graft and patient
      survival the dosage of steroids should be less than 150 mg/day of
      methylprednisolone on days 1-3, less than 50 mg/day of prednisone on days 4-21,
      less than 30 mg/day on days 22-30, and less than 20 mg/day between one mo and one
      yr.

PMID- 386328
TI  - The enhancing effect of donor pretreatment and low dose immunosuppression in
      dogs.

PMID- 386329
TI  - J. B. Murphy, surgeon and teacher.

PMID- 386331
TI  - Real-time solvent exchange studies of the imino and amino protons of yeast
      phenylalanine transfer RNA by Fourier transform NMR.
AB  - Real-time solvent exchange measurements using Fourier transform NMR at 270 MHz
      are presented. By means of the fast gel filtration column techniques originally
      developed for tritium exchange experiments, we were able to replace the solvent
      of a tRNA sample from an 1H2O to an 2H2O buffer and obtain a useful spectrum in 2
      5 min. At 15 degrees C, there are 5 +/- 1 lowfield (-11 to -15 ppm relative to
      2,2-dimethyl-2-silapentane-5-sulfonate) imino protons with exchange half times of
      minutes to hours. In addition, the m7G-46 C(8) proton and several amino protons
      are observed to exchange with similar rates. Analogous studies on unfractionated
      yeast tRNA suggest that such a class of slowly exchanging imino protons is
      present in several tRNAs, and that the activation energy for exchange is small
      [[approximatley 5 kcal/mol (21 kJ/mol)]. We speculate that these imino resonances
      arise from D-stem protons and that their slow exchange reflects stabilization by
      the numerous tertiary interactions involving this stem and the Mg2+ bound at the
      P-10 bend.

PMID- 386330
TI  - Isolation and mapping of plasmids containing the Salmonella typhimurium origin of
      DNA replication.
AB  - A purified EcoRI restriction endonuclease fragment that determines resistance to
      kanamycin and is incapable of self-replication was used to select autonomously
      replicating fragments from an EcoRI digest of a Salmonella typhimurium F' plasmid
      containing the chromosomal region believed to include the S. typhimurium origin
      of DNA replication. Both the F factor and S. typhimurium chromosome replication
      origins were cloned by this procedure. The EcoRI fragmentment containing the S.
      typhimurium origin of replication is 19.4 kilobase pairs long and includes
      functional asp+ and uncB+ genes. Restriction endonuclease analysis of deletions
      obtained from the S. typhimurium origin plasmid indicated that the replication
      origin (ori region) is contained within a 3.3-kilobase pair region. Comparison
      with Escherichia coli origin plasmids shows colinearity of gene arrangement on
      the chromosomes in this region and suggests that some, but not all, regions of
      the nucleotide sequence in the origin region may be conserved (identical) in
      these two bacterial species.

PMID- 386333
TI  - Contacts between Escherichia coli RNA polymerase and thymines in the lac UV5
      promoter.
AB  - I have identified those 5 positions of thymines in the lac UV5 promoter that lie
      close to bound Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA
      nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6). Although ultraviolet irradiation of DNA with
      5-bromouracil substituted in place of thymine normally cleaves the DNA at the
      bromouracils, a protein bound to the DNA can perturb these cleavages at those
      locations at which the protein lies close to the bromine. In the lac promoter
      most of these contacts lie in three regions. Four contacts lie in the region
      where transcription initiates; four lie in the "Pribnow box," which is located
      about 10 base pairs upstream from the initiation site; and three more lie in the
      "-35 region," located about 35 base pairs upstream from the initiation site. The
      "Pribnow box" and the "-35 region" are regions whose sequences are partially
      conserved between promoters and in which most promoter mutations are located;
      thus, contacts in these two regions probably represent sites of sequence-specific
      recognition by RNA polymerase.

PMID- 386332
TI  - Physical map of the recA gene.
AB  - We have cloned the recA gene of Echerichia coli K12 and some of its restriction
      fragments on the plasmid cloning vehicle pBR322. The recA gene was mapped with
      regard to the restriction sites of EcoRI, BamHI, Pst I, Hha I, Hae III, HinfI,
      and Taq I restriction endonucleases. The recA promoter was localized by the
      binding of RNA polymerase to restriction fragments. The initiation point of
      transcription of recA mRNA and the direction of transcription were determined
      from in vitro transcription of recA gene fragments and from analysis of the
      polypeptides made in maxicells that contain plasmids carrying only part of the
      recA gene.

PMID- 386334
TI  - Evidence from ultraviolet absorbance measurements for a codon-induced
      conformational change in lysine tRNA from  Escherichia coli.
AB  - From experiments with equilibrium dialysis it was concluded earlier that
      formation of the codon-anticodon complex triggers a conformational change in the
      tertiary structure of tRNAPhe from Escherichia coli. A similar conformational
      transition is demonstrated here in the poly(A)/tRNALys system. C-G-A or C-G-A-A
      was used as a probe for the conformational transition in tRNA. These probes bound
      to tRNAPhe and tRNALys more strongly in the presence of the corresponding codons
      than in the absence. In order to verify these data by an independent method, the
      decrease in absorbance at 300 nm that occurs on formation of the codon-anticodon
      complex in tRNALys (which contains 2-thio-5-methylaminomethyluridine, s2mam5U)
      was used. The binding constants for formation of A3 . tRNALys (Ka = 2.4 . 10(4) M
      1) and A4 . tRNALys (Ka = 2.5 . 10(5) M-1) are very close to those obtained by
      equilibrium dialysis. In the presence of C-G-A the apparent binding constant of
      A3 to tRNA was raised 10-fold to 2.5 . 10(-5) M-1. It was calculated that the
      constant for the binding of C-G-A to the binary complex A3 . tRNALys is
      approximately 2 . 10(4) M-1, whereas binding to the free tRNA is lower than 10(3)
      M-1. Under appropriate conditions binding of A3 to tRNALys can be induced
      directly by the addition of C-G-A. These data demonstrate that codon-anticodon
      complex formation induces a conformational change in the tRNA that as a
      consequence allows the binding of a trinucleoside diphosphate, presumably to the
      T-psi-G region.

PMID- 386335
TI  - Subunit stoichiometry and molecular weight of the pyruvate dehydrogenase
      multienzyme complex from Escherichia coli.
AB  - The molar ratio of the component enzymes of the pyruvate dehydrogenase
      multienzyme complex from Escherichia coli was found to be 1.8:1.7:1[pyruvate
      decarboxylase (E1):dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (E2):dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase
      (E3)]. This ratio was determined by measuring the Coomassie blue staining of the
      constituent enzymes after sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide slab gel
      electrophoresis. The above ratio is the average of four separate experiments with
      two different enzyme preparations. The average molecular weights of the
      individual enzymes were found to be 96,000, 76,000, and 55,000 for E1, E2, and
      E3, respectively, by sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl sulfate/8 M urea
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by column chromatography in 6 M guanidine
      . HCl. The molecular weight of E2 was reduced to 33,000-36,000 after extensive
      reduction and alkylation with iodoacetamide. The molecular weights of the
      complex, E1, and E3 were found to be 4,800,000, 182,000, and 104,000,
      respectively, with low-angle laser light scattering. Both E1 and E3 are dimeric
      under the conditions employed. If octahedral symmetry is assumed for the E2 core,
      a polypeptide chain ratio of 24:24:12 (E1:E2:E3) is in good agreement with the
      measured molar ratio of component enzymes and the molecular weight of the
      pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.

PMID- 386336
TI  - Initiator tRNAs have a unique anticodon loop conformation.
AB  - Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules have been labeled with 32P at the 5' end and
      subjected to S1 nuclease digestion. The products were analyzed by high-resolution
      gel electrophoresis. Three initiator tRNAs and six chain-elongating tRNAs were
      examined. S1 nuclease cleaved Escherichia coli tRNAfMet, yeast tRNAfMet, and
      mammalian tRNAfMet at the same two positions in the anticodon loop. In contrast,
      S1 nuclease cleaved the anticodon loop of E. coli tRNAmMet, yeast tRNAmMet, yeast
      tRNAPhe, Schizosaccharomyces pombe tRNAPhe, E. coli tRNA2Glu, and E. coli tRNATrp
      (su+) at four positions generally, except where a modified nucleotide in the
      wobble position inhibited the enzyme. The marked contrast between these cleavage
      patterns suggests a different conformation for the anticodon loops of these two
      classes of tRNA molecules. It is suggested that the specialized conformation in
      the anticodon loop of initiator tRNAs may be due to a special sequence of GC base
      pairs in the adjoining anticodon stem.

PMID- 386337
TI  - Molecular cloning and partial characterization of delta-crystallin cDNA sequences
      in a bacterial plasmid.
AB  - Double-stranded cDNA synthesized from delta-crystallin mRNA isolated from lens
      fiber cells of 15-day-old embryonic chicken was cloned in Escherichia coli chi
      1776 in the Pst I site of the plasmid pBR322 by using the oligo(dC) . oligo(dG)
      joining procedure. Twelve Amps Tetr transformants contained sequences
      complementary to purified delta-crystallin [32P]cDNA. One of the recombinant
      clones (p delta Cr-2) had an insert of 1241 +/- 240 base pairs, as judged by R
      looping analysis with purified delta-crystallin mRNA. The inserted cDNA
      represents at least 69% of the delta-crystallin coding sequences. p delta Cr-2
      was further characterized by restriction analysis, protection of delta-crystallin
      [3H]cDNA from digestion by S1 nuclease, and hybrid-mediated arrest of delta
      crystallin mRNA translation in vitro. p delta Cr-2 provides an invaluable probe
      for additional analysis of the primary structure, gene organization, and
      regulated synthesis of delta-crystallin, the principal protein synthesized during
      lens differentiation in the chicken embryo.

PMID- 386338
TI  - Entrapment of a bacterial plasmid in phospholipid vesicles: potential for gene
      transfer.
AB  - Entrapment of pBR322 DNA within liposomes was demonstrated by (i) its comigration
      with liposomes on Sepharose 4B columns, (ii) resistance of its biological
      activity to DNase digestion, and (iii) identification of plasmid DNA on agarose
      gels after lipid extraction. The biological activity of the liposome-entrapped
      plasmid was determined by transformation assays. The incubation of intact
      liposomes, containing entrapped pBR322, with competent Escherichia coli cells in
      the standard transformation mixture resulted in the appearance of tetracycline
      resistant colonies at a frequency of 1% of the control frequency. Importantly,
      this frequency was unaffected by the addition of DNase to the incubation mixture,
      whereas transformation by free pBR322 DNA was totally eliminated after treatment
      with DNase.

PMID- 386339
TI  - Ten-nanometer filaments and mitosis: maintenance of structural continuity in
      dividing endothelial cells.
AB  - By indirect immunofluorescence the behavior of the 10-nm filaments was studied at
      various stages of mitosis in guinea pig vascular endothelial cells. Interphase
      cells contain a ring of 10-nm filaments that encircles the nucleus and is
      maintained in a plane parallel to the substrate. During prophase and metaphase
      the cells round up and the 10-nm filament ring becomes wavy though still a closed
      structure. As anaphase progresses the ring then elongates into a rectangle that
      contains the spindle apparatus and chromosomes. In late telophase, cytokinesis
      cleaves the 10-nm filaments into crescents at the site of the contractile ring.
      These crescents then close into rings in the daughter cells. If cytokinesis is
      inhibited with 5 microgram of cytochalasin B per ml, then cleavage of the 10-nm
      filaments is blocked and the daughter nuclei remain surrounded by the parent
      ring. At no point during mitosis does the array of 10-nm filaments undergo major
      disassembly. These results indicate that, in contrast to the other major
      cytoplasmic structures, ventral microfilament bundles and cytoplasmic
      microtubules, which disassemble and reassemble during mitosis, 10-nm filaments
      remain intact throughout this process. The possibility is discussed that these
      filaments may function in transport of organelles and structural proteins, and
      provide the daughter cells with topological information about placement and
      assembly of these elements within the microtrabecular lattice.

PMID- 386340
TI  - Occurrence of crossed strand-exchange forms in yeast DNA during meiosis.
AB  - The crossed strand-exchange form (Holliday structure, half chiasma) has been
      predicted as an intermediate in the genetic recombination of eukaryotes. We
      report here the detection of this form in the yeast plasmid, 2-micron DNA,
      isolated during meiosis. Physical mapping has previously suggested that two forms
      of 2-micron DNA arise because of recombination between inverted repeat regions.
      After appropriate digestion with restriction endonuclease, a crossed strand
      exchange form intermediate in this recombination would yield an X-shaped form
      resistant to loss by branch migration because of nonhomology in sequences
      flanking the region of homology. We first generated this X-shaped form
      artificially by reannealing melted restriction fragments of 2-micron DNA. This
      enabled us to develop a procedure for the physical separation of the X-shaped
      form by agarose gel electrophoresis. We then used this electrophoretic procedure
      to isolate a naturally occurring form of identical structure from the 2-micron
      DNA of meiotic cells. Electron microscopy demonstrated that the exchange junction
      had the expected configuration of strands and indicated that the junction
      occurred within the region of homology.

PMID- 386341
TI  - Detection of substance P in the central nervous system by a monoclonal antibody.
AB  - Peptides with transmitter-like characteristics are being found in many brain
      areas. The application of immunocytochemical and radioimmunoassay methods has
      contributed much to the clarification of these neuronal systems. Here we report
      the development of a rat monoclonal antibody produced by a hybrid myeloma and its
      application to the study of one of these peptides, substance P. The hybrid clone,
      isolated after fusion of mouse myeloma cells with hyperimmune rat spleen cells,
      allowed us to obtain a standardized and permanent source of monoclonal substance
      P antibodies in a culture cell system. This antibody recognizes the COOH-terminal
      part of substance P in radioimmunoassay down to 10-20 fmol. It does not
      crossreact with other known mammalian brain peptides tested. By
      immunofluorescence the antibody was shown to bind specifically and with a
      remarkably low background to nerve terminals and cell bodies located in clearly
      defined nuclear organizations of the central nervous system.

PMID- 386342
TI  - Sequential cleavage of proinsulin by human pancreatic kallikrein and a human
      pancreatic kininase.
AB  - A pancreatic endopeptidase localized to the beta-cells of the pancreas by
      immunohistochemical techniques has been purified to homogeneity by following its
      functional and antigenic characteristics as a glandular kallikrein (EC 3.4.21.8).
      The enzyme gave a single stained band on alkaline disc gel electrophoresis which
      corresponded in location with the kinin-generating activity eluted from a
      replicate gel, was of 54,000 molecular weight by gel filtration, was devoid of
      caseinolytic activity, elicited a monospecific antiserum in a rabbit, and gave a
      line of complete identity with a single constituent in pancreatic extract, crude
      urine, and purified urokallikrein when analyzed with monospecific antibody to
      urokallikrein. The pancreatic glandular kallikrein generated three cleavage
      products of increasing anodal mobility from bovine and porcine proinsulin, and
      the presence of pancreatic kininase or bovine carboxypeptidase B increased the
      quantity of these products. Although the conversion products did not correspond
      to diarginyl- and monoarginylinsulin, the product of intermediate mobility was
      also obtained when proinsulin was treated with a low concentration of trypsin in
      the presence of kininase. The most rapidly migrating product did correspond to
      desalanylinsulin in the reference standard. Kininase alone had no action on
      proinsulin, and aprotinin prevented cleavage by kallikrein alone or in
      combination with kininase. Although the chemical structure of the proinsulin
      cleavage products has not been established, human pancreatic kallikrein is
      considered a putative activator of proinsulin because of its location in the beta
      cell, its preferential action on proinsulin and kininogen as compared to
      azocasein, and its capacity to generate insulin intermediate products that are
      further modified by human pancreatic kininase or bovine carboxypeptidase B.

PMID- 386343
TI  - A DNA primase specified by I-like plasmids.
AB  - An enzyme has been isolated from Escherichia coli strains harboring the I-like
      plasmid R64drd11, which is capable of initiating DNA synthesis on the circular,
      single-stranded DNA of phages phi X174, fd, and G4. In the conversion of these
      templates to duplex forms in vitro, the enzyme can substitute for the functions
      of E. coli dna B-dnaB-dnaC-dnaG proteins, E. coli RNA polymerase, and E. coli
      dnaG protein, respectively. The enzyme requires all four ribonucleoside
      triphosphates for optimal activity, although a combination of ATP, CTP, and GTP
      can almost completely satisfy the rNTP requirement. The enzyme appears to
      cooperate specifically with DNA polymerases III because single-stranded DNA
      dependent synthesis takes place in extracts deficient in DNA polymerases I and II
      but not in extracts from a dnaZ mutant. Highly purified enzyme preparations
      consist mostly of two major polypeptides, Mr 140,000 and 180,000, when analyzed
      by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. These polypeptides cosediment with
      the enzyme activity through a glycerol gradient with a sedimentation coefficient
      of 3.6 S. DNA priming activity in extracts of E. coli strains harboring the
      mutant plasmids R64drd11 or ColIdrd1, which are derepressed in functions of
      conjugational DNA transfer, severalfold higher than the activity from strains
      carrying the corresponding wild-type plasmid. This correlation suggests that the
      enzyme may play a role in conjugational DNA synthesis.

PMID- 386344
TI  - Permeabilization of cells for studies on the biochemistry of bacterial
      chemotaxis.
AB  - The cell membranes of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli have been made
      permeable in order to introduce S-adenosylmethionine into the cell for study of
      the course of methylation. A series of protein bands in the Mr 60,000 region were
      methylated, the specific bands and the extent of methylation depending on the
      attractant used. The change in levels of methylation was essentially the same as
      the in vivo responses, indicating that the permeabilization procedure maintains
      the relative relationships of the cellular proteins. A shift in intensity of the
      methylated bands occurred over time, indicating that a sequential process is
      involved in the methylation of these proteins. The permeabilization technique
      appears to offer major advantages in tracing the biochemical processes of the
      behavioral system.

PMID- 386345
TI  - Isolation of a condensed, intracellular form of the 2-micrometer DNA plasmid of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - We have initiated an investigation of the proteins bound in vivo to the 2
      micrometer DNA plasmid found in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by examining
      its intracellular form. To isolate 2-micrometer DNA without disturbing proteins
      bound to the plasmid, an extract was prepared from a strain lacking mitochondrial
      DNA and the nuclear chromatin was removed from the extract by centrifugation.
      When the DNA in this extract was sedimented through a sucrose gradient containing
      0.15 M NaCl, plasmid DNA had a sedimentation coefficient of approximately 70.
      This S value is greater than the S value of 25 for naked, superhelical 2
      micrometer DNA. Cosedimenting with the DNA were proteins of the same size as the
      histone proteins associated with yeast nuclear chromatin. Digestion of the
      plasmid DNA with micrococcal nuclease and electrophoresis of the resulting DNA
      fragments revealed that segments of discrete sizes are protected from
      degradation. Examination of the plasmid DNA protein complex by electron
      microscopy showed nucleosome structures. We conclude that 2-micron DNA exists as
      a condensed chromosome body within the cell.

PMID- 386346
TI  - Communication between dissimilar subunits in aspartate transcarbamoylase: effect
      of inhibitor and activator on the conformation of the catalytic polypeptide
      chains.
AB  - Although local, direct effects of ligand binding to proteins are readily
      differentiated conceptually from gross, indirect conformational changes in
      regions of the protein remote from the site of binding, it has been difficult
      experimentally to distinguish between them. In oligomeric proteins, for example,
      the binding of ligands to one chain may cause a conformational change in the
      unliganded chains, but many physical chemical probes are not sufficiently
      discriminating to demonstrate where the change occurred. Evidence has been
      lacking as to whether the inhibitor, CTP, or the activator, ATP, in binding to
      the regulatory chains of the allosteric enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase
      (aspartate carbamoyltransferase; carbamoylphosphate:L-aspartate
      carbamoyltransferase, EC 2.1.3.2) causes a conformational change that is
      propagated throughout the enzyme to the catalytic chains. To demonstrate this
      "communication" of effects of binding at one site on the conformation of other
      polypeptide chains, we constructed molecules containing native regulatory
      subunits and enzymically active nitrated catalytic subunits having one sensitive
      nitrotyrosyl chromophore per polypeptide chain. These hybrid molecules exhibited
      the characteristic regulatory properties of the native enzyme. Upon the addition
      of CTP the population of molecules was shifted toward the constrained or T state,
      as shown by the change in the sedimentation coefficient and the altered enzyme
      kinetics. Moreover, there was a decrease in absorbance at 430 nm due to the
      altered environment of the nitrated catalytic polypeptide chains. In contrast,
      ATP caused a shift toward the relaxed or R conformation, and the absorbance due
      to the nitrotyrosyl residues was increased. Different types of experiments
      indicated that the modified enzyme molecules are in a preexisting equilibrium
      that is perturbed by CTP or ATP; the resulting conformational changes in the
      nitrated catalytic subunits are detected by opposite alterations in their
      absorbance spectrum.

PMID- 386348
TI  - Ribosome structure: localization of 3' end of RNA in small subunit by
      immunoelectronmicroscopy.
AB  - The 3' end of the RNA in the 30S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli has been
      modified by oxidation with sodium periodate and conjugation with the (mono)
      dinitrophenyl derivative of ethylenediamine. Antibodies, induced with
      dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin, interact with the modified ribosomal
      subunits. Electron micrographs of negatively stained antibody-subunit complexes
      show individual ribosomal subunits to which a single antibody molecule is bound
      and subunit dimers cross-linked by an IgG molecule. The modified 3' terminus has
      been localized to a single site on the upper portion of the platform region of
      the 30S subunit. This location is consistent with earlier placements of proteins
      that react with the 3' end of the RNA.

PMID- 386347
TI  - Amino acid sequence and physicochemical similarities between streptococcal M
      protein and mammalian tropomyosin.
AB  - The amino-terminal sequences of two peptides of type 24 streptococcal M protein
      show similarities with that of rabbit skeletal muscle tropomyosin, having up to
      40% identical residues and probabilities of occurring by chance as low as P less
      than 10(-5). In addition, a hexapeptide (Glu-Ala-Glu-Lys-Ala-Ala) that is found
      five times in the M24 protein was shown to be identical to a sequence in
      tropomyosin. Similarities are also seen in the amino acid compositions and
      physicochemical properties of the two proteins. The amino-terminal sequences of
      peptides from another bacterial surface protein, staphylococcal protein A, are
      highly correlated with segments of two other myofibrillar proteins, rabbit actin
      (P less than 10(-7)) and rabbit myosin A1 light chain (P less than 10(-6)). The
      data presented suggest that a close structural relationship exists between
      mammalian muscle proteins and the biologically active surface proteins of
      staphylococci and streptococci. In addition, the correlation between sequences in
      M protein and tropomyosin represents direct evidence of a structural similarity
      at a molecular level between a streptococcal protein and a mammalian muscle
      component and may therefore prove relevant to the pathogenicity of the
      streptococcus.

PMID- 386349
TI  - Reconstitution of RNase P activity from inactive RNA and protein.
AB  - RNase P preparations from Escherichia coli can be separated into RNA and protein
      by chromatography, in buffers containing 7 M urea, on Sephadex G-200, DEAE
      Sephadex, or CM-Sephadex columns. Neither RNA nor protein components alone
      exhibits any RNase activity. RNase P activity can be reconstituted by mixing
      separated RNA and protein components in buffer containing 7M urea followed by
      dialysis of this mixture to remove the urea. Of several purified RNAs tried, only
      M2 RNA, the RNA species found in purified RNase P, is active in the
      reconstitution experiments.

PMID- 386350
TI  - Insertion and turnover of macrophage plasma membrane proteins.
AB  - The composition, insertion, and turnover of externally disposed proteins on the
      macrophage plasma membrane were analyzed. Cells labeled with [35S]methionine were
      incubated with the nonpermeant reagent trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid to introduce
      the trinitrophenyl moiety on free amino groups of externally oriented membrane
      proteins. The cells were then incubated with rabbit anti-dinitrophenyl IgG and
      the immune complexes formed with the trinitrophenyl-proteins were isolated from
      detergent lysates of the cells by using fixed Staphylococcus aureus as the
      immunoadsorbent. Proteins isolated by this method were analyzed by sodium dodecyl
      sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The interval between the release of
      newly synthesized proteins from ribosomes and their appearance at the cell
      surface, where they became accessible to trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, was
      studied in pulse-chase experiments. The "transit" time of four major membrane
      glycoproteins (48,000--310,000 Mr) ranged from 36 to 55 min and their appearance
      on the cell surface occurred in a relatively synchronous fashion. The turnover of
      most proteins of molecular weight above 50,000 was very slow (t1/2 greater than
      80 hr) and was rather synchronous. Two exceptions were the 310,000 Mr protein,
      which was lost with a t1/2 = 21 hr, and a major glycoprotein (Mr 48,000), which
      exhibited more complex kinetics. Although the overall turnover of surface
      proteins was biphasic in nature, the rapid phase of protein loss was largely due
      to low molecular weight species.

PMID- 386351
TI  - High-frequency transformation of yeast by plasmids containing the cloned yeast
      ARG4 gene.
AB  - Hybrid ColE1 plasmids, containing cloned DNA from the yeast ARG4 region [e.g.,
      pYe(arg4)1], transform yeast arg4 mutants to ARG4(+) with a frequency of 10(-4)
      (about 10(3) transformants per mug of plasmid DNA) and can replicate autonomously
      without integrating into the yeast genome. The yeast transformants are
      genetically unstable when grown on nonselective medium, but can be readily grown
      and maintained on minimal medium lacking arginine. The existence of unintegrated
      replicating plasmid DNA in the yeast transformants was demonstrated by Southern
      gel hybridization and by transformation of Escherichia coli argH mutants with DNA
      preparations from yeast transformants and subsequent recovery of intact plasmid
      DNA from the bacterial transformants. Plasmid DNAs recovered from the E. coli
      yeast-E. coli "shuttle" remain essentially unchanged, as judged by DNA
      restriction fragment patterns. Some plasmid mutations leading to increased
      efficiency of expression of the ARG4 gene in E. coli do not appear to affect
      expression of the cloned ARG4 gene in yeast. Appropriate derivatives of these
      ARG4 plasmids are of potential usefulness as vectors for cloning genes in yeast
      and for studying the mechanism of yeast DNA replication.

PMID- 386352
TI  - Immunotitration of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase in various
      physiological states.
AB  - The immunotitration of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase
      [mevalonate:NADP+ oxidoreductase [CoA-acylating), EC 1.1.1.34], the major
      regulatory enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, by HMG-CoA reductase antiserum is
      described. This technique provides the advantage that one can rapidly measure
      relative changes in both enzyme concentration and enzyme activity in different
      physiological states by using enzyme samples all the way from crude liver
      microsomes to purified enzyme. Regarding the diurnal rhythm of HMG-CoA reductase,
      the major difference noted between animals killed near the middle of the dark
      period (D 4.5) compared to animals killed near the middle of the light period (L
      4.5) was in the concentrations of HMG-CoA reductase present, rather than in the
      activity of the enzyme, with substantially more enzyme found near mid-dark.
      Cholestyramine treatment resulted in both an increased concentration of HMG-CoA
      reductase and a catalytically more active enzyme. On the other hand, cholesterol
      feeding resulted in both a decreased concentration of HMG-CoA reductase and a
      catalytically less active enzyme.

PMID- 386353
TI  - Unstable transpositions of his4 in yeast.
AB  - Unstable transpositions in yeast have been selected in which the his4C gene from
      chromosome III is inserted into chromosome XII. This event is associated with the
      generation of a recessive lethal mutation, resulting from the integration of
      his4C into an essential gene. Strains with these transpositions are viable as
      diploids or aneuploids for chromosome XII. The event that generates the
      transpositions does not lead reciprocally to a deletion on chromosome III,
      implying that synthesis of a new copy of his4C and subsequent transposition may
      have occurred. The his4C transpositions are unstable and give rise to C-
      segregants at a high frequency, as a result of either precise excision of the
      his4C gene (restoring function of the gene into which insertion had occurred) or
      chromosome loss.

PMID- 386354
TI  - Identification and characterization of a self-regulated repressor of
      translocation of the Tn3 element.
AB  - Gene fusions that bring expression of the lacZ gene under control of
      transcriptional and trnaslational signals within the transposable element Tn3
      have been used to study regulation of Tn3-specified proteins. A gene encoding a
      21,355-Mr peptide that represses translocation of Tn3 and acts at the level
      oquenced; amber, missense, and cis-dominant (operator-constitutive) point
      mutations in this gene have been isolated and characterized.

PMID- 386355
TI  - Enkephalin- and somatostatin-like immunoreactivities in human adrenal medulla and
      pheochromocytoma.
AB  - By using the Coons indirect immunofluorescence technique, enkephalin-like
      immunoreactivity with a granular localization was observed in human adrenal
      medullary gland cells and pheochromocytomas. In two of the tumors and in a few
      adrenal gland cells, a somatostatin-like peptide could also be identified.
      Catecholamine cell types were visualized on adjacent sections with antisera to
      the synthesizing enzymes dopamine-beta-hydroxylase [DBH; dopamine beta
      monooxygenase; 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine, ascorbate: oxygen oxidoreductase
      (beta-hydroxylating), EC 1.14.17.1] and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase
      (PNMT; noradrenalin N-methyltransferase; S-adenosyl-L
      methionine:phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.28). In the normal
      adrenal medulla more DBH- than PNMT-immunoreactive gland cells were observed. In
      the adrenal pheochromocytoma both DBH- and PNMT-positive cells were seen, whereas
      the two extra-adrenal tumors contained only DBH. These findings correlated well
      with plasma catecholamine measurements. Finally, enkephalin immunoreactive fibers
      and somatostatin immunoreactive cells were observed in a sympathetic ganglion
      extirpated together with one of the tumors.

PMID- 386356
TI  - Formation and involution of Mallory bodies ("alcoholic hyalin") in murine and
      human liver revealed by immunofluorescence microscopy with antibodies to
      prekeratin.
AB  - Antibodies raised against prekeratin intensely and specifically stain, in
      immunofluorescence microscopy, Mallory bodies ("alcoholic hyalin") present in
      livers of human alcoholics and griseofulyin-treated mice. The high sensitivity of
      this method allows the identification of small distinct cytoplasmic structures
      that are observed during early stages of Mallory body formation, especially
      frequent in the perinuclear cytoplasm, as well as during stages of Mallory body
      disintegration and disappearance, such as after withdrawal of the drug. In the
      latter situation, the prekeratin-containing small particles exhibit a
      characteristic pattern of arrangement in the hepatocyte periphery. Electron
      microscopy illustrates that such small bodies are heap-like aggregates of typical
      Mallory body filaments. Immunofluorescence studies with antibodies to isolated
      prekeratin polypeptides from bovine hoof or muzzle epidermis show that Mallory
      body filaments, in particular those in human liver, are immunologically more
      closely related to prekeratin of tonofilaments from living epidermal cells
      (stratum spinosum). The data indicate that Mallory bodies contain a pathologic
      form of prekeratin-like material. They also suggest that disorders of
      cytoskeletal structures of the intermediate-sized filament class are associated
      with specific diseases and can be visualized and characterized by
      immunofluorescence microscopy by using antibodies to constitutive proteins of
      such filaments.

PMID- 386357
TI  - Reevaluation of experiments intended to demonstrate immunological cross-reactions
      between mammalian tissues and streptococci.

PMID- 386358
TI  - Nude mice in immunology.

PMID- 386359
TI  - Human carcinoma-associated precursor antigens of the blood group MN system and
      the host's immune responses to them.

PMID- 386360
TI  - Modulation of immune responses by Nocardia immunostimulants.

PMID- 386361
TI  - [Theoretical studies on drug-receptor model complexes].

PMID- 386362
TI  - [Polypharmacy in the Canton of Neuchatel: 1930-60].

PMID- 386364
TI  - Drug-induced dysrhythmias in man.

PMID- 386363
TI  - Simple cannula for repeated intracerebral drug administration in rats.
AB  - A simply constructed cannulation system for chronic implantation in rats is
      described. The guide cannula, stylet and injection cannula are all made from
      stainless steel tubing, require litte time to construct, and are designed for
      minimum brain damage and atraumatic infusion into unanesthetized rats.

PMID- 386366
TI  - Assessment of adverse effects of drugs on bile formation and bile composition.

PMID- 386365
TI  - Bronchopulmonary function: report of the Main Working Party.

PMID- 386367
TI  - The rat with portacaval shunt: an animal model with chronic hepatic failure.

PMID- 386368
TI  - General aspects of platelet function and methods of measurement.

PMID- 386369
TI  - Use of the Technicon Autocounter for animal platelet counting and for continuous
      monitoring of circulating platelet number.

PMID- 386370
TI  - Some comparative endocrinepharmacological aspects and their relevance in the
      interpretation of adverse drug effects.

PMID- 386371
TI  - Toxicological evaluation of drugs affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary system.

PMID- 386372
TI  - Pharmacological methods in toxicology: general concepts.

PMID- 386373
TI  - The rat as model for the study of drug effects on thyroid function: consideration
      of methodological problems.

PMID- 386374
TI  - Preclinical evaluation of drug effects on testicular functions.

PMID- 386375
TI  - Effect of contraceptive steroids on mammary gland of beagle dog and its relevance
      to human carcinogenicity.

PMID- 386376
TI  - Drug evaluation by use of rewarding brain stimulation.

PMID- 386377
TI  - Effects of drugs on ingestive behavior.

PMID- 386378
TI  - Morphological changes produced by drugs acting on the autonomic nervous system.

PMID- 386379
TI  - A morphologist's approach to detection and study of neurotoxicity.

PMID- 386380
TI  - Cardiovascular pharmacology: report of the Main Working Party.

PMID- 386381
TI  - Autonomic pharmacology: report of the Main Working Party.

PMID- 386382
TI  - Computer models of anticancer drug interaction.

PMID- 386383
TI  - The application of immunotherapy to the treatment of cancer.

PMID- 386384
TI  - Biochemical and kinetic approaches to inhibition of multiple pathways.

PMID- 386385
TI  - Modulation of immunity by bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG).

PMID- 386386
TI  - Modulation of immunity by antibody, antigen-antibody complexes and antigen.

PMID- 386387
TI  - Metabolism of insecticides by conjugation mechanisms.

PMID- 386388
TI  - Action of propranolol in mania: comparison of effects of the d- and the l
      stereoisomer.
AB  - The antimanic action of high doses of the beta-receptor blocking agent
      propranolol was investigated by the use of a double-blind placebo controlled ABA
      design. For comparison, the d-stereoisomer (which is practically devoid of beta
      blocking activity) was used. 6 trials were performed with d-propranolol, 6 trials
      with the racemic mixture. From dose-effect relations one can conclude that the d
      stereoisomer is about half as effective against manic syndromes as the racemic
      mixture. From this finding it can be concluded that the antimanic action of
      propranolol is at least partially due to a mechanism independent of its beta
      blocking action.

PMID- 386389
TI  - [A comparative study of viloxazine and imipramine (author's transl)].

PMID- 386390
TI  - Clinical profile and serum concentration of viloxazine as compared to
      amitriptyline.
AB  - The antidepressive effect of viloxazine (300 mg/d) was investigated during three
      weeks in 41 patients with depressive syndromes requiring drug-treatment against
      amitriptyline (150 mg/d), using a controlled double-blind design. Viloxazine
      differs from amitriptyline by selective inhibition of norepinephrine re-uptake,
      whereas amitriptyline acts also on serotonin re-uptake. Psychopathological
      changes were documented by means of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Bf
      S (v. Zerssen), the AMDP-System, and videotaped recordings. Besides routine
      clinical-chemical tests, the serum concentrations of viloxazine and partly of
      amitriptyline were determined. Repeated EEG-recordings were evaluated by spectral
      analysis. The number of global responders and non-responders -- defined according
      to the final HDRS-scores -- was equally distributed between the two drug-groups.
      The AMDP-evaluation suggests that viloxazin has a somewhat more marked and more
      rapid effect on symptoms of retardation, whereas amitriptyline acts predominantly
      on depressive mood, disturbances of sleep and vital feelings. The EEG-profile of
      both drugs was similar to the spectral changes seen under tricyclic
      antidepressants, through only the viloxazine-induced changes reached statistical
      significance on the 10th and 20th day, the variability of the EEG-recordings
      being greater in the amitriptyline group. The viloxazine blood levels showed a
      remarkably low inter- and intraindividual variance. Steady state was reached at
      day 5 at the latest. Amitriptyline serum concentrations still increased between
      the 10th and the 21st day. The average blood concentration of viloxazine was
      higher in the responder- than in the non-responder-group.

PMID- 386391
TI  - Prediction of lofepramine-response in depression based on response to partial
      sleep deprivation.
AB  - The improvement of depression after partial sleep deprivation in the second half
      of the night (sd) is tested for its predictory power for the therapeutical
      efficacy of pharmacotherapy with lofepramine. In a group of 15 patients with
      depression, we found that in contradiction to the findings of Wirz-Justice and
      collaborators (1976), the velocity of the antidepressive effect of sd has no
      predictive value. On the other hand, the amount of depression improvement after
      sd is of predictive value. This is independent of the time of occurrence of the
      improvement peak after sd. An improvement of more than 35% measured in the Bf-S
      or in the H.DRS on the first or the second day after sd is highly predictive for
      a good response to three weeks of 210 mg lofepramine per day (p = .05).

PMID- 386392
TI  - Times ago--time two: talent--skill--promise.

PMID- 386393
TI  - Dr. John Arbuthnot--physician to royalty and creator of "John Bull".

PMID- 386394
TI  - Planning for pharmacy marketing.

PMID- 386395
TI  - Blood circulation in adipose tissue.

PMID- 386396
TI  - A model regulatory system: bacterial chemotaxis.

PMID- 386398
TI  - [Dr. John Rittmeister - neurologist and resistance fighter].
AB  - He was born in Hamburg on 21st August 1898 and beheaded in the Plotzensee
      penitentiary on 13th May 1943. Our colleague was a personality combining
      professional striving and political commitment into a dialectic unity. The more
      important biographic data are given, the co-operation in the Schulze-Boysen
      Harnack organisation is described as far as it has become known, and
      Rittmeister's scientific works are mentioned.

PMID- 386397
TI  - [Differential indication of trimipramine - results of a controlled multiclinical
      study].
AB  - The antidepressants trimipramine and imipramine were compared within the
      framework of a multiclinical study performed under the conditions of a controlled
      clinical experiment. There has been found a time-different remission of affective
      und psychomotoric symptoms. The panthymoleptic action of trimipramine and other
      antidepressants is discussed with reference to these results. Trimipramine
      influences psychotic states, especially if in depression anxiety is combined with
      agitation, also in hypochondriac forms of depression.

PMID- 386399
TI  - [In memory of C.L. Kahlbaum].
AB  - The author wants to refer to C.-L. Kahlbaum, to one of the important German
      neurologists and psychiatrists. The life of Kahlbaum and his scientific results
      have been described in brief. Of especial value with regard to the treatise of
      the author is, that he knows both parts of the interior and exterior of the
      hospital of Kahlbaum of that time existing till now and the documents of the
      archives of the town of Gorlitz. The importance and necessity of knowledge and
      investigation of psychiatrical tradition have been shown in this treatise.

PMID- 386400
TI  - Psychological control of essential hypertension: review of the literature and
      methodological critique.

PMID- 386402
TI  - The alpha experience revisited: biofeedback in the transformation of
      psychological state.

PMID- 386401
TI  - Psychobiology of active and inactive memory.

PMID- 386403
TI  - Human spatial abilities: psychometric studies and environmental, genetic,
      hormonal, and neurological influences.

PMID- 386404
TI  - Amoxapine and viloxazine: review of the literature with special reference to
      clinical studies.

PMID- 386405
TI  - Trazodone in the treatment of depressed inpatients.

PMID- 386406
TI  - Mianserin--a new tetracyclic antidepressant.

PMID- 386407
TI  - Comparative efficacy of nomifensine and imipramine.

PMID- 386408
TI  - Androgens as antidepressants.

PMID- 386409
TI  - Neuropsychiatric aspects of chronic renal disease.

PMID- 386410
TI  - Osmosis.

PMID- 386411
TI  - Biophysics of flagellar motility.

PMID- 386412
TI  - Lanthanides as probes for calcium in biological systems.

PMID- 386413
TI  - [Critical evaluation of penitentiary treatment in a comparison of normal and
      mentally ill prisoners].
AB  - The literature on the treatment in regard of criminals, normal or mentally
      unbalanced, has been particularly abundant in recent years. The present work
      reviews some of it, with a view to establishing some evaluation criteria in
      respect of treatment, in its practical implementation and at the level of
      scientific research in the sector. In the first part of this work, starting from
      recent and drastic criticisms on treatment, that point out the inefficacy of it
      in respect of a decrease in the relapsation rate, an analysis is carried out, on
      the basis of the latest research work, of the methods of execution and of the
      results obtained by the various treatment methodologies applied; also highlighted
      are the weak spots that still exist, at the level of methodological approach, in
      the scientific research sector, as well as the poor integration existing between
      the latter and administrative structures of the criminal execution setup. The
      second part of the work chiefly deals with of the psychiatric features of the
      treatment vis-a-vis normal or mentally unbalanced convicts; as it is pointed out,
      psychiatric treatment is confronted with special difficulties in its intramural
      application, owing to the ever existing conflicting views between the experts and
      the administrative setup; the efficacy and the possibility of implementation are
      pinpointed, of some therapeutic treatment methodologies (individual psychotherapy
      -group psychotherapy--group counseling). A picture emerges therefrom that is by
      far less alarming than the initial assumption: the practical application of the
      treatment may be improved and made more effective, whilst the role psychiatry
      must acquire in the work towards the rehabilitation of the criminal, must be
      necessarily defined.

PMID- 386414
TI  - [Otto Hug 26. 7. 1913--22. 3. 1978].

PMID- 386416
TI  - Cahoon Memorial Lecture: what price professionalism?

PMID- 386415
TI  - Induction of mutations by photodynamic action of thiopyronine in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - The induction of cytoplasmic and nuclear mutations by the photodynamic action of
      thiopyronine is demonstrated in a haploid strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that
      has been isolated as a photodynamic sensitive mutant. No significant increase in
      corresponding mutation frequencies could be observed in a strain resistant to
      photodynamic inactivation by thiopyronine.

PMID- 386417
TI  - The hemodynamic significance of massive pneumopericardium in preterm infants with
      respiratory distress syndrome. Clinical and experimental observations.
AB  - Radiographic and clinical data were evaluated in 12 preterm infants with
      pneumopericardium complicating ventilator therapy of respiratory distress
      syndrome. Eight infants had massive or tension pneumopericardium, reflected by
      bradycardia, hypotension, and cyanosis of abrupt onset; cardiac size decreased
      dramatically but returned to approximately the former size after aspiration of
      the pneumopericardium. In puppies, pneumopericardium large enought to reduce
      heart size by 32 +/- 3% caused decreased mean arterial pressure (-22 +/- 7%) and
      right ventricular peak systolic pressure (-11 +/- 2%) and increased right
      ventricular diastolic and intrapericardial pressures. These findings suggest that
      pneumopericardium per se causes severe hemodynamic compromise. When it is large
      enought to reduce heart size, drastic circulatory impairment is produced and
      pericardiocentesis should be performed immediately.

PMID- 386418
TI  - Evaluation of acute post-transplant renal failure by ultrasound.
AB  - Autotransplantation of the kidney was performed in seven adult mongrel dogs. A
      model of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) was developed by subjecting the kidney to
      warm ischemia (37 degrees C) for 40 to 60 minutes. Serial ultrasound examinations
      were performed every 12 hours until the animal died or was killed. Sonographic
      findings were correlated with laboratory and histological data. Throughout the
      course of ATN, the characteristic normal echo pattern of the kidney remained
      unchanged in six of seven dogs. In one animal there were changes in the renal
      cortex, while the medullary pyramids showed no alteration from the base-line
      study. This contrasts with extensive abnormalities found during rejection.

PMID- 386419
TI  - Hook and snare technique for intravascular retrieval.
AB  - A combination of the hook catheter and snare techniques for retrieval of
      intravascular foreign bodies is described. Using this method, removal time was
      shortened and the procedure simplified.

PMID- 386420
TI  - William Lyman Caldwell, M.D., F.A.C.R. 1929-1979.

PMID- 386421
TI  - Gerhard Reiter, M.D. 1907-1978.

PMID- 386423
TI  - F. Michael Sheehan, M.D. 1925-1979.

PMID- 386422
TI  - Mattupalli Seetharam, M.D. 1947-1979.

PMID- 386424
TI  - Royal F. Wertz, M.D. 1912-1979.

PMID- 386425
TI  - William Yudkoff, M.D. 1906-1979.

PMID- 386427
TI  - The major product of PGG2 metabolism by aortic microsomes is 6, 15-dioxo-PGF1
      alpha.
AB  - Incubations of PGG2 with aortic microsomes yielded two products which were not
      formed in boiled enzyme control, one of which was 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha. The major
      metabolite was identified by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry as 6,15
      dioxo-PGF1 alpha. Thus, unlike PGH2, PGG2 is probably converted to 15-hydroperoxy
      PGI2 which subsequently decomposes to 6, 15-dioxo-PGF1 alpha.

PMID- 386426
TI  - Dual actions of prostacyclin (PGI2) on the rat pregnant uterus.
AB  - Using strips of rat pregnant uterus, treated with indomethacin to suppress
      spontaneous contractility, the oxytocic activity of prostacyclin was compared
      with other prostaglandins. A prostacyclin concentration of 32 ng/ml elicited
      uterine contractions in all experiments. In this respect prostacyclin was 80
      times more active than 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha but less active than PGE2 or PGF2 alpha.
      Apart from a direct stimulant effect, prostacyclin also exhibited an indirect
      potentiating action. In threshold concentrations prostacyclin caused a 3-fold
      potentiation of threshold doses of oxytocin. A lesser 1.5-fold potentiation of
      PGE2 alpha was also observed. The implications of these findings in relation to
      prostacyclin playing a role in parturition are discussed.

PMID- 386428
TI  - Metabolism of prostacyclin. III. Urinary metabolite profile of 6-keto PGF1 alpha
      in rat.
AB  - The in vivo metabolism of 6-keto PGF1 alpha was investigated in rats. Following
      continuous intravenous infusion for 14 days the urinary metabolites were isolated
      and identified. A substantial amount of unchanged 6-keto PGF1 alpha was recovered
      in the urine. The metabolic pattern very closely resembles that of PGI2 in rats.
      Metabolites were found which represented 15-dehydrogenation, beta-oxidation,
      omega and omega-1-hydroxylation and oxidation. Previous work showed that 6-keto
      PGF1 alpha is very poorly oxidized by 15-PGDH. We administered 15-[H3]-PGI2 and
      15-[H3]-6-keto PGF1 alpha to rats and measured urinary tritiated water as an
      index for in vivo 15-PGDH activity. The results showed that PGI2 and 6-keto PGF1
      alpha were both oxidized to the 15-keto product, although the rate of oxidation
      of PGI2 was greater than that of 6-keto PGF1 alpha. We concluded that the
      administered PGI2 was oxidized by 15-PGDH before hydrolysis to 6-keto PGF1 alpha.
      A portion of the dose is probably hydrolzyed before 15-dehydrogenation.

PMID- 386429
TI  - Beneficial actions of prostacyclin in traumatic shock.
AB  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) infused at a rate of 350 ng/kg/min significantly increased
      survival time in rats subjected to Noble-Collip drug trauma from 2.7 +/- 0.3 to
      4.6 +/- 0.2 h (p less than 0.01) compared with traumatized rats given only the
      vehicle (Tris buffer). Moreover, PGI2 treated rats exhibited significantly lower
      circulating cathepsin D and myocardial depressant factor (MDF) activities,
      indicative of lower lysosomal disruption and lower toxic factor formation. PGI2
      induced vasodilation in rats as well as these other protective effects.

PMID- 386431
TI  - Arachidonic acid causes lysis of human platelets in an artificial medium:
      protection by plasma.
AB  - Addition of 1 or 2 mM of arachidonic acid (AA) to a washed platelet suspension
      (WPS) resulted in an instantaneous rise of light transmission (LT) in the
      platelet aggreagameter. The LT curves showed no evidence ofshape change patterns
      and the recording pen showed no fluctuations. This rise of LT was not affected by
      the absence of CaCl2, or the presence of PGI2 or ASA. However, LT curves, showing
      shape change patterns and with pen fluctuations, were obtained when plasma, serum
      or albumin was included in the test system. These latter form of LT curves were
      also obtained in WPS samples exposed to lower concentrations of AA. Electron
      microscopic examination of these samples revealed varying degrees of lysis of
      every platelet in WPS exposed to 1 mM of AA. Numerous lyzed platelets were also
      found in samples either exposed to 0.5 mM of AA in the absence of added plasma,
      serum or albumin, or exposed to 1 mM of AA in the presence of 5% of added plasma
      or 2.5 mg/ml albumin. The LT curves of these samples showed shape change patterns
      and pen fluctuations. These results indicate a pitfall of relying on platelet
      aggregometry alone in the study of certain AA-induced responses of washed
      platelets.

PMID- 386432
TI  - [Variability of the immunopathological pattern in an atypical case of pemphigoid
      in a patient with cancer of the bladder].

PMID- 386430
TI  - Effects of intracerebroventricular administration of prostaglandins I2, E2, F2
      alpha and indomethacin on blood pressure in the rat.
AB  - The effects of intraventricularly administered prostaglandins I2 (PGI2), E2
      (PGE2), F2alpha (PGF2 alpha) and indomethacin on systemic blood pressure were
      investigated in conscious rats. PGI2 (1.25--10 micrograms/kg) decreased blood
      pressure in a dose-related manner, whereas PGE2 (100--1000 mg/kg) dose
      dependently increased blood pressure. Both PGF2 alpha (0.31--20 micrograms/kg)
      and indomethacin (0.625--40 micrograms/kg) had no effects on blood pressure.
      These results indicate that intraventricular injection of PGI2 or PGE2 can induce
      significant changes in blood pressure, while endogenous prostaglandins
      synthesized in the brain seem to play a minor role in direct regulation of
      systemic blood pressure in the rat.

PMID- 386433
TI  - [Cicatricial pemphigoid of the Brunsting-Perry type (case report)].

PMID- 386434
TI  - [Molecular basis of the action of topical glucocorticoids].

PMID- 386436
TI  - [Dentist Fauchard's career (1678-1761-1978)].

PMID- 386437
TI  - Nucleic acid separation by isopycnic centrifugation.

PMID- 386435
TI  - [Skin absorption of steroid preparations].

PMID- 386438
TI  - [Localization of a gene responsible for ozone sensitivity in Escherichia coli].
AB  - A gene, ozrC, responsible for sensitivity to ozone in Escherichia coli, was
      localized on the E. coli chromosome between argEH and metA by means of analysis
      of cotransduction frequencies of the gene ozrC with certain gene markers in the
      malB region of the chromosome.

PMID- 386439
TI  - [An extensive bleeding burn followed by recovery in a hemophiliac].
AB  - In a patient with Haemophillia A, of the medium type, suffering from a third
      degree infected burn of the right lower limb grafting with free sliced skin
      created a bleeding surface of approximately 1 500 sq. sm. size. Detected,
      investigated, prepared, followed up and corrected in an efficient manner the
      patient recovered fully at 9 days after surgery without any complications.

PMID- 386440
TI  - [The antibiotic amikacin in various types of infections].

PMID- 386441
TI  - [Effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin and methylprednisolone on the biliary flow
      in an experimental model of an isolated liver].

PMID- 386442
TI  - [Nephrotic syndrome caused by minimal histological lesions. Study of 27 cases].

PMID- 386444
TI  - [Occlusal incline angles of the artificial teeth in relation to the axis-orbit
      plane].

PMID- 386443
TI  - [Cardiac electric activity after 24 hours of preservation].

PMID- 386445
TI  - [Influence of impression and die materials on the reproduction of a schematic
      preparation for a full crown].

PMID- 386446
TI  - [Dye penetration on tooth/band interface as a function of immersion in artificial
      saliva and the application of traction loads].

PMID- 386447
TI  - [Mandibular dimensional variations of white adults of both sexes through direct
      and radiographic cephalometry. I. Sexual dimorphism study].

PMID- 386448
TI  - [Effects of different levels of PEEP on PaO2, PaCO2, shunt and static compliance
      in A.R.D.S. (author's transl)].
AB  - This study points out that in acute respiratory distress syndrome, the positive
      end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) had in every case the same action on functional
      residual capacity and static lung compliance. However its results on PaO2, PaCO2
      and circulation are often different from patient to patient according also to the
      different levels of PEEP. The level of optimal PEEP is that which opens the
      largest number of alveoli; it is better defined by the value of PaO2 on 100%
      oxygen than by static compliance.

PMID- 386449
TI  - [Optimal positive and expiratory pressure in adult respiratory distress syndrome
      (author's transl)].
AB  - We defined a new optimal positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) in the adult
      respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The optimal PEEP is the one which allows to
      obtain a PaO2 greater than or equal to 400 mmHg and/or an intrapulmonary shunt
      less than or equal to 15 p. cent, the cardiac output being held constant. 14
      cases of ARDS have been treated by this method with encouraging results. The
      earlier optimal PEEP was applied, the more effective it was.

PMID- 386450
TI  - [Societe Francaise de la Tuberculose et des Maladies Respiratoires. List of
      members (1979)].

PMID- 386451
TI  - [Functional approach to asthma (author's transl)].
AB  - The different pulmonary function tests which enable the diagnosis of asthma and
      its functional criterium, reversible bronchial obstruction, are reviewed. It is
      our opinion that in epidemiology where the diagnosis should be made "on the spot"
      in a simple, rapid and non-aggressive manner, the most appropriate tests are the
      following: the FEV1 or other forced expiration parameters, to which could be
      added the measurements of closing volume, the slope of phase III, and/or flow
      volume curves using two gas mixtures. The modifiers of bronchomotricity could
      confirm the reversible nature of the bronchial obstruction.

PMID- 386453
TI  - Studies on the mode of action of partially thiolated polycytidylic acid (MPC), a
      novel type of antineoplastic agent.
AB  - Partially thiolated polycytidylic acid (MPC), a representative member of the
      "antitemplate" class of novel chemotherapeutic agents, is a potent inhibitor of
      the E. coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. It inhibited 50% of the enzymic
      reaction at a concentration of 6 micrometers. Kinetic studies indicated that MPC
      had no effect on the chain elongation of the transcription process, but it
      appeared to inhibit the initiation of RNA synthtesis presumably by competing with
      the DNA template for binding to the RNA polymerase. Binding studies, using a gel
      filtration method, showed that MPC and the RNA polymerase formed a stable complex
      which was not dissociated by 0.3 M NaCl. It is inferred that mixed disulfide
      linkage(s) might have been formed between the enzyme and MPC. The implications of
      these findings are discussed.

PMID- 386452
TI  - Prostaglandin F2 alpha and cardiovascular system: review of studies conducted in
      dogs.
AB  - The study was designed to investigate the effect of PGF2 alpha on the arterial,
      cardiac and venous system and the respiration of dogs. PGF2 alpha was
      administered in single, graded doses as well as by i.v. perfusion. In addition,
      PGF2 alpha was given intra-arterially into the common carotid artery, by
      inhalation and by infiltration into the barosensitive zone of the carotid sinus.
      The interaction by drugs acting on ganglia, the catecholamine stores and the
      muscarinic, histaminergic, serotonergic, adrenergic and purinergic junctions, and
      by drugs with depressive effects at the prostaglandin receptors, also were
      studied. We have shown that PGF2 alpha exhibits direct, reflexes and modulator
      effects.

PMID- 386454
TI  - Donor- and organ-specific evaluation of antibodies eluted from canine lung
      allografts rejected by immunosuppressively treated and untreated recipients.
AB  - Using elution techniques, the humoral lung allograft rejection in
      immunosuppressively treated versus untreated recipients is analyzed at the donor
      organ specific level. The antibodies were evaluated quantitatively and
      qualitatively by elution of lung graft bound immunoglobulins and by testing the
      eluates against donor lung antigen using passive hemagglutination and indirect
      immunofluorescence. By correlating the results in those assays, a considerable
      amount of humoral anti-donor lung antibodies could be proved only in dogs not
      treated immunosuppressively, and there was no accordance with the results of
      direct immunofluorescence by quantification. The difference in the organ-bound
      antibodies between immunosuppressively treated and untreated lung grafts seems to
      be remarkable because of a similar mononuclear infiltration. Thus, enabling a
      specific improvement of some previous speculations about the lung-specific
      humoral alloimmune reaction, this type of rejection seems to be similar to rather
      stereotypical allograft rejection, but may be modified by a standard
      immunosuppression with methylprednisolone and azathioprine.

PMID- 386455
TI  - Intensive therapy of acute hepatic insufficiency in dogs by heterotopic liver
      allotransplant.
AB  - The efficacy of heterotopic liver transplantation to support life and to correct
      metabolic disturbances in the presence of acute hepatic failure was tested in 70
      dogs. Acute hepatic failure was induced by two-stage ischaemic damage to the
      animals' livers and by biliary obstruction. The donor liver was stored for 3 h by
      the method of intermittent perfusion. The graft was placed in the right
      paravertebral gutter. The inflow was arterial only. No immunosuppressive agents
      were administered. During the postoperative period the main biochemical indices
      decreased and returned to almost normal values by the fourth day. The auxiliary
      liver was able to correct the clotting of blood. There was significant regression
      of encephalopathy, which was confirmed by encephalographic monitoring. Special
      attention was paid to the adaptation of the stored graft after revascularization.
      Resuscitation from hepatic failure and subsequent survival of transplanted
      animals confirmed the significant therapeutic effect of heterotopic
      allotransplant.

PMID- 386456
TI  - [Alveolar hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction--mechanisms and drug contribution
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 386457
TI  - [Evaluation of prosthetic valve function (I) (author's transl)].

PMID- 386458
TI  - [25 years of the journal "Rheumatism"].

PMID- 386459
TI  - [Peritoneal dialysis: technic of the past or treatment for the future].

PMID- 386460
TI  - [A particular aspect of drug therapy: compliance].

PMID- 386462
TI  - [Pierre Mathieu, 1894-1978].

PMID- 386461
TI  - [The metastatic potential of primary central nervous tumours (author's transl)].
AB  - Anatomical and clinical findings in 9 cases of primary brain tumors with
      metastases within (7 cases) or outside of (2 cases) the nervous system are
      reported. A review of the published literature revealed 248 cases of
      histologically-confirmed central nervous system tumors with metastases outside of
      the nervous system. These secondary sites are seen more frequently in adult
      males. Their frequency, in descending order, was gliomas (39,5 p. 100), meningeal
      tumors and sarcomas (28,2 p. 100), neuronal tumors (14,1 p. 100), lymphoma
      microgliomas (12,5 p. 100), pineal body tumors (4 p. 100), and melanomas (1,6 p.
      100). Ten cases out of 248 developed through a shunt. Nineteen cases were
      discovered without any surgical operation. There are still many unknown factors
      concerning their pathogenesis. It appears, however, than in some series of
      patients the prolongation of the survival-rate and the late effects of surgical
      operation are positive factors for metastatic dissemination.

PMID- 386463
TI  - [Parodonto-prosthetic relations of 1st molars].

PMID- 386465
TI  - [Preparation of devitalized 6-year molars for fixed prosthesis].

PMID- 386464
TI  - [Inlays and onlays on 6-year molars].

PMID- 386466
TI  - [The 6-year molar and the fixed prosthesis].

PMID- 386467
TI  - Role of cardiac vagal C-fibers in cardiovascular control.

PMID- 386468
TI  - Mechanisms of gas exchange in bird lungs.

PMID- 386469
TI  - Renal countercurrent multiplication system.

PMID- 386470
TI  - [Lyophilization of bone: experimental study].

PMID- 386471
TI  - Advances in plasmatic fractions used in blood transfusion.
AB  - I tried to give a bird's eye view of some of the intriguing recent advances in
      the production and clinical use of albumin, immunoglobulins, coagulation factors,
      protease inhibitors and plasma enzyme preparations. I aimed to put into the
      limelight of my lecture the basic differences between the reaction of plasma
      proteins in solutions in the test tube or on model surfaces in vitro as opposed
      to the well-balanced intricate protein-protein and cell membrane-plasma protein
      interactions in vivo. In the light of these recent advances we have to reassess
      the biological properties, structural and functional integrity of our plasma
      protein preparations. In spite of technical and regulatory difficulties new
      fractionation techniques have to break through. Especially gentle techniques
      which do not denature proteins are badly needed. Purified albumin with an
      adequate fatty acid content seems to be the safest and therapeutically most
      useful preparation among the albumin containing fractions. PPF and even albumin
      are, however, not so safe as we have thought. There is an urgent need to fight
      more intensively against their unjustified use. There is a growing need for
      specific immunoglobulins, coagulation factors, protease inhibitors and
      therapeutically useful enzyme preparations.

PMID- 386472
TI  - Epidemiology of chronic bronchitis. Report on a survey of workers in the
      Community Coal and Steel Industries conducted as part of the ECSC Research
      Programme on Chronic Respiratory Diseases II, 1970 - 1976.

PMID- 386473
TI  - [Professor Ludwig Bertram Psenner on his 70th Birthday].

PMID- 386474
TI  - [Arteriographic findings in a Schipper's fracture at the shaft of the femur
      (author's transl)].
AB  - This report on a Schipper's fracture at the shaft of the femur in a twelve-year
      old boy is preceded by a systematic tabulation of the various non-traumatic types
      of fracture and a general synopsis of stress fractures. At the time of a first
      exacerbation of pain which had been persisting for several weeks, the x-ray film
      showed periostal callus formation and a discrete, transverse zone of increased
      density. Four weeks later, this zone had widened, the central region showing a
      fine, tape-like translucence. The arteriogram showed a local increase in the
      number of vessels in the vicinity of the stress fracture.

PMID- 386475
TI  - [Value of immunofluorescent methods for the diagnosis of inflammatory disorders
      of the buccal mucosa (author's transl)].
AB  - Following their use of immunofluorescent methods for establishing a diagnosis in
      about fifteen cases of mainly inflammatory disorders of the buccal mucosa, the
      authors discuss the procedures used and their value in buccal bullous diseases,
      and also in lupus erythematosus, lichen, and aphthosis.

PMID- 386476
TI  - [Craniofacial trauma. Value and methods of early treatment. 70 cases (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The two essential problems posed by craniofacial trauma are assessed in the light
      of 70 collected cases. Firstly, the "time" of treatment. Immediate surgery by two
      teams, neurosurgical and maxillofacial, may be justified in the presence of
      craniocerebral lesions. This occurs rarely. The cranial problem is often explored
      during the first 3 or 4 days and with the exception of certain cases of immediate
      or delayed coma, maxillofacial treatment may be undertaken early. The treatment
      of cerebrospinal fluid fistulae remains controversial. Secondly, the surgical
      technique. Accent is placed upon two points which are still discussed : cutaneous
      phase and bone phase in open trauma ; reconstruction of the cranial level and the
      facial mass by fixation using plates or steel wire, bone grafts or inert
      materials, with in particular surgery for fractures of the floor of the orbit in
      all cases. A number of clinical cases suggest that suitability of eclectism in
      this surgical approach to craniofacial trauma.

PMID- 386477
TI  - Dissociation of the intrinsic factor--vitamin B12 complex by bile: contributing
      factor to B12 malabsorption in pancreatic insufficiency.
AB  - Human bile incubated with vitamin B12 bound to intrinsic factor in human gastric
      juice will effectively dissociate this complex, and the vitamin will transfer to
      non-intrinsic factor unsaturated binding protein(s) contained in bile.
      Preincubation of the bile with pancreatic enzymes, particularly trypsin, and
      pepsin, decreases this effect of bile on the intrinsic factor--vitamin B12
      complex by digesting the unsaturated binder(s) in the bile. These studies help
      explain why there is malabsorption of tracer amounts of vitamin B12 in some
      patients with pancreatic insufficiency, and why this abnormality is correctable
      by the administration of pancreatic extract.

PMID- 386478
TI  - Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the gastric mucosa after partial gastrectomy.
AB  - Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was studied by the three-layer bridge
      immunoperoxidase technique in gastric biopsy specimens taken from 49 patients, 13
      -20 years after partial gastrectomy. Routine histological examination revealed
      various degrees of chronic atrophic gastritis in all patients. A positive CEA
      reaction was found in 6 out of 9 with malignant or premalignant mucosal changes
      and in 4 out of 40 without these changes. In two cases of carcinoma the biopsies
      revealed a positive CEA reaction. In 4 patients with carcinoma diagnosed 1--2
      years after the first examination the initial nonmalignant biopsies were CEA
      positive in one case. All biopsies from mucosa with severe dysplasia and
      adenomatous polyps were CEA-positive. Four patients without malignant or
      premalignant changes in the gastric mucosa had CEA-positive biopsies. No
      carcinoma has been found in these patients at re-examinations after 1 year. The
      results indicate that the occurrence of immunohistochemically detectable CEA may
      be associated with malignant transformation of the gastric mucosa. The value of
      this method in screening patients at increased risk of gastric carcinoma will be
      further explored.

PMID- 386479
TI  - Bacterial isolates in cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.

PMID- 386480
TI  - Interhospital differences in the treatment of acute leukaemia in adults. The
      Finnish Leukaemia Group.

PMID- 386481
TI  - Effect of IgM fractions with or without rheumatoid factor activity on antigen
      antibody reactions.
AB  - The effect of isolated IgM fractions, with or without rheumatoid factor (RF)
      activity, on reactions between human albumin and rabbit anti-human albumin, human
      IgG and rabbit anti-human IgG, and tetanus toxoid and human anti-tetanus toxoid
      was assessed in the antigen excess zone. RF-active fractions increased and RF
      negative IgM fractions decreased the amount of free antigen. The immune complexes
      that were affected by RF IgM fractions differed in composition from those
      affected by normal IgM fractions.

PMID- 386482
TI  - The effects of pharmacologic agents on immune-complex-induced redistribution of B
      lymphocyte Fc receptors.
AB  - The effects of pharmacologic agents on the immune-complex-induced redistribution
      of B-lymphocyte Fc receptors (and, as a control, the anti-Ig induced
      redistribution of surface Ig) were examined. Immune-complex-induced capping of B
      cell Fc receptors was moderately to markedly inhibited by the combination of
      colchicine and cytochalasin B, the Ca++ ionophore A23187, and the local
      anaesthetic lidocaine but was only slightly inhibited by cytochalasin B alone and
      was not inhibited by colchicine alone. Inhibition of capping was not due to the
      inhibition of binding of immune complexes to the B-lymphocytes or to decreased
      cell viability since these effects were absent. Preformed immune complex-Fc
      receptor caps were disrupted by A23187, lidocaine, and the combination of
      colchicine and cytochalasin B, but not by either colchicine or cytochalasin B
      alone. The effects of the pharmacologic agents were similar for Fc receptors and
      surface Ig in all cases. These results suggest that ligand bound Fc receptors are
      affected by cytoskeletal structures and that the ligand-induced redistribution of
      two distinct B lymphocyte surface receptors (fc receptors and surface Ig) occurs
      by similar or identical mechanisms.

PMID- 386483
TI  - Mouse erythrocyte rosette formation by human lymphoid cell lines.
AB  - Lymphoid cell lines have been studied with respect to mouse erythrocyte rosette
      formation, a marker for B cells. Cells from six B-cell lines out of fifteen
      tested were able to form mouse erythrocyte rosettes. When this capacity was
      studied after neuraminidase pretreatment of the cells, it defined three groups of
      B lymphoid cell lines according to their reactivity. However, these groups could
      not be correlated to any of the other B-cell markers, and especially mouse
      erythrocyte rosette formation appeared unrelated to the class of the
      immunoglobulin present on the cell surface. Non B-cell lines were never found to
      form such rosettes. The capacity of B-cell lines to form mouse erythrocyte
      rosette was further demonstrated to be relatively insensitive to trypsin
      treatment, and results are presented suggesting some degree of cell cycle
      dependency of the expression of this marker.

PMID- 386485
TI  - [Specific position of physical therapy in psychiatry].
AB  - It is pointed out that in modern psychiatry physical therapy has to be integrated
      as therapeutic tool beside psychopharmacology, verbal psychotherapy and
      occupational therapy. The expression physical therapy is used here in a large
      sense. As an example endogenous depression is chosen to show which conditions are
      necessary when using physical therapy in a rational way. Concerning the other
      groups of psychiatric disorders it was referred in the book "Physikalische
      Therapie in der Psychiatrie" ("physical therapy in psychiatry").

PMID- 386484
TI  - In situ effector mechanisms in rat kidney allograft rejection. III. Kinetics of
      the inflammatory response and generation of donor-directed killer cells.
AB  - We have isolated and identified the infiltrating inflammatory cells from
      rejecting rat kidney allografts. The first host cells to appear in the graft,
      already a few hours after the transplantation, are monocytes and lymphocytes.
      Both T and B lymphocytes contribute to the infiltrate: at early stages of
      rejection most of the infiltrating lymphocytes have the high electrophoretic
      mobility of (resting) T cells, whereas later during the rejection most of the
      infiltrating lymphocytes display the slow mobility of (resting) B cells. The
      blast response follows 2 days after the influx of lymphocytes. The (B)
      plasmablast response takes place somewhat earlier and is higher in magnitude than
      the (T) lymphoblast response. Macrophages appear 1.5 days after the influx of
      monocytes. The inflammatory cells proliferate rapidly: after 1 h of pulse
      labelling with 3H-TdR in vivo up to 24% of the infiltrating leucocytes are
      labelled. Most labelled cells are blast cells or lymphocytes, although a small
      but distinct population of labelled monocytes is also detected in situ. The in
      situ blast and proliferative responses precede the corresponding responses in the
      host central lymphatic system, i.e. spleen, blood and lymph nodes. The
      inflammatory leucocytes are isolated from the allograft parenchymal cells via 1 g
      velocity sedimentation. They are strongly and specifically cytotoxic in the 6 h
      51Cr release assay to donor-derived lymphoid target cells in vitro. The peak in
      situ cytotoxic activity in the graft takes place already on day 5 after the
      transplantation, whereas in the central lymphatic system the cytotoxic cells are
      detected later and peak values are obtained only after the activity in situ has
      declined. The findings emphasize the role of the graft as the site of
      sensitization of kidney transplantation (peripheral sensitization) and the
      complex nature of the inflammatory response responsible for allograft rejection.

PMID- 386486
TI  - [Historical development of the Realta Institution].

PMID- 386487
TI  - [Concentrative movement therapy].

PMID- 386488
TI  - [Music therapy, its indications, goals and possibilities].
AB  - After a short historical introduction the author presents an overview on the
      various methods used in music therapy with respect to their goals and their
      limits. There are quite different forms of receptive and active music therapy in
      individual and group therapy. Finally, the author describes the evolution of two
      cases of individual music therapy.

PMID- 386489
TI  - [Relaxation in institutions. (Report at a round table discussion)].

PMID- 386490
TI  - [Senile plaques, neuro-fibrillar degeneration and other associated cerebral
      lesions (morphology and pathogenetic theory].
AB  - A brief review about present knowledge on morphology of brain degenerative
      alterations in the elderly, their topography, their correlations and the various
      pathogenic theories. The particular pathoclisis of some areas is reported, i.e.
      the pathoclisis of some hippocampal areas for neurofibrillary tangles and senile
      plaques, the pathoclisis of the IVth layer of calcarinian cortex for dyshoric
      angiopathia. These morphological pecularities must be correlated to more recent
      data concerning alterations of neurotransmitters and their enzymes.

PMID- 386491
TI  - [History of the Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic of Basel].
AB  - On the fourth of June 1923 the Psychiatric out-patient clinic was opened in the
      city of Basle as an administratively affiliated, but locally separated department
      of the Psychiatric University Hospital. The first head of the Psychiatric out
      patient clinic was Jakob Klaesi, who was a head-physician in the Friedmatt at the
      same time. The life and work of the various directors of the out-patient clinic
      are mentioned. Developmental tendencies in the Psychiatric out-patient clinic-
      which moved 1977 into the general Hospital (Kantonsspital)--and the various
      diagnoses with the course of time are discussed.

PMID- 386492
TI  - Prolapsed lumbar disc treated with intramuscularly administered
      dexamethasonephosphate. A prospectively planned, double-blind, controlled
      clinical trial in 52 patients.
AB  - Prompted by previously results of systemic steroid treatment of symptoms of
      prolapsed lumbar disc, which appeared to be promising, dexamethasone phosphate
      was tested in a controlled, double-blind clinical study. 52 patients were
      included in the study: 25 received dexamethasone phosphate, 24 received placebo
      and 3 patients dropped out. Upon termination of the study the two groups were
      found to be comparable as to age, sex, duration of symptoms and degree of heavy
      work. We were not able to demonstrate any effect of dexamethasone phosphate on
      the following parameters pain, paraesthesia, paresismuscular weakness,
      disturbances of reflexes, and Laseque. Nor was there any difference in the length
      of hospitalization.

PMID- 386493
TI  - Quality of survival in bronchial carcinoma.

PMID- 386494
TI  - Bronchial carcinoma. III. Quantitative measurements of the quality of survival. A
      prospective randomized study of the result of therapy in inoperable patients with
      localized disease.
AB  - Fifty-four bronchial carcinoma patients in clinico-anatomical stages 1-3 of the
      disease (localized disease) were randomly assigned to groups for radiotherapy,
      cyclophosphamide and placebo treatment, respectively. The results were assessed
      by the survival time and the quality of survival. The median survival time was
      6.7 months for radiotherapy, 12.4 months for cyclophosphamide and 11.3 months for
      placebo. The median total sum of vitagram points was 44.5 for radiotherapy, 90.2
      for cyclophosphamide and 81.8 for placebo. When calculated per month, the median
      sum of vitagram points was 6.2 for radiotherapy, 6.6 for cyclophosphamide and 7.0
      for placebo. No significant differences were found between the treatment groups
      with respect to average survival time and and average vitagram point sums.

PMID- 386496
TI  - Bacterial tests for potential carcinogens.

PMID- 386495
TI  - [Systemic lupus erythematosus--clinical aspects and laboratory findings].
AB  - In a retrospective multicenter study 106 patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosis were analyzed who had had the disease for an average of 8.6 years,
      and from whom an average of 8 sera were tested within 3 years for current
      immunologic parameters. Cumulative clinical data showed arthropathies in 86% of
      the patients, exanthema (67%), cytopenia (58%), and involvement of the kidney
      (45%), lung (43%) and heart (24%). In at least 1 serum per patient the following
      immune abnormalities were found: antinuclear antibodies (98%), anti-native DNA
      (92%), low C3 (71%), low C4 (82%), circulated immunocomplexes (70%) and cold
      lymphocytotoxins (46%). A clinical score and an immunological score was
      introduced and the two items were compared: the immune data from a single serum
      do not provide long-range prognostic information. The present disease state is
      best reflected by the total immune score, C3 and C4 with, however, many
      exceptions. Within the disease course of some SLE patients, periods were observed
      during which no pathological immune serologic data are measureable. This
      phenomenon may pose diagnostic problems.

PMID- 386497
TI  - Legionellosis.

PMID- 386498
TI  - Cold lymphocytotoxins in connective tissue disorders.
AB  - Sixty-eight patients with various connective tissue disorders, 5 relatives of
      patients and 26 members of staff from the Centre for Rheumatic Diseases were
      studied for the presence in their sera of cold lymphocytotoxic antibodies.
      Antibodies were found in 71 percent of patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus, 27 per cent of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 0 per cent of
      the small group of relatives and 3.8 per cent of the controls. Absorption studies
      did not show T or B specificity of the antibodies. The control group, working in
      close proximity to the patients or their sera did not show any increased
      incidence of antibodies as compared to control groups of other studies. Red blood
      cell anti I or HI was found in the sera of 28 per cent of those with cold
      lymphocytotoxic antibodies. No correlation was found between the presence of the
      antibodies and number of blood transfusions or pregnancies, increasing age, R3
      titre or antinuclear factor.

PMID- 386499
TI  - The early history of the Highlands and Islands Medical Scheme.

PMID- 386500
TI  - Samuel Benion--Glasgow University's first Doctor of Medicine.

PMID- 386501
TI  - Drugs ancient and modern.

PMID- 386502
TI  - Antibacterial prophylaxis--a clinician's view.
AB  - The principles of antibacterial prophylaxis and its advantages and disadvantages
      are reviewed. Controlled trials have shown chemoprophylaxis to be beneficial
      notably in preventing recurrences of rheumatic carditis and urinary infections
      and in controlling sepsis after cardiac and hip joint surgery and mid thigh
      amputations. The recently introduced metronidazole prophylaxis for
      gastrointestinal and gynaecological operations appears highly effective. The use
      of prophylaxis is briefly discussed in other situations where its value is less
      certain or where, in the author's opinion, it is contraindicated.

PMID- 386503
TI  - Danazol--a steroid with a unique combination of actions.

PMID- 386504
TI  - The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh 1729-1979. Its influence on medicine overseas.

PMID- 386505
TI  - Stanford University Medical School.

PMID- 386506
TI  - Obituary: Alexander John Haddow.

PMID- 386507
TI  - The therapeutic uses of clonidine.

PMID- 386508
TI  - Overview of some aspects of occurrence, formation and analysis of nitrosamines.
AB  - This review principally addresses a number of aspects of the occurrence and
      formation of the nitrosamines, highlighting principal areas of potential concern
      ranging from the spectrum of nitrosatable moieties found in the environment
      (e.g., secondary and tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium compounds, ureas,
      carbamates and guanidines), specific examples of nitrosamines found in food,
      alcoholic beverages, feed (and their significance for carcinogenesis bioassays),
      air and water. The factors influencing in vitro and in vivo nitrosation and the
      evidence for the latter in man are also discussed. Additionally, germane areas of
      the analysis of nitrosamines are reviewed with a focus on the major areas of
      concern and requirements of extreme sensitivity and selectivity in addition to
      the problems of artifacts in the analytical procedures.

PMID- 386509
TI  - Heparin: an old drug with a new paradigm.
AB  - Recent studies have shown that heparin is a biochemical representative of a
      distinct class of compounds known as linear anionic polyelectrolytes. Members of
      this class are mixtures of individual highly negatively charged chains that show
      a wide spectrum of specific reactions with biologically active proteins. Upon
      administration, heparin chains enter a cellular pool and effectively prevent
      thrombosis by increasing the electronegative potential of the vessel wall.
      Anticoagulant activity is an unusual feature of a few heparin chains and appears
      to play a minor role in many clinical uses and in physiological and pathological
      responses.

PMID- 386510
TI  - Paul Feyerabend: science and the anarchist.

PMID- 386511
TI  - Antibodies to sporozoites: their frequent occurrence in individuals living in an
      area of hyperendemic malaria.
AB  - Serum samples from 158 West Africans were tested for antibodies against
      sporozoites, the vector stage of the malaria parasite. Antibodies specific for
      Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites were detected by means of the circumsporozoite
      precipitation assay and indirect immunofluorescence. More than 90 percent of the
      serum samples from adults gave positive immunofluorescent reactions against
      falciparum sporozoites, whereas most of the samples from children gave low or
      negative reactions.

PMID- 386512
TI  - Crick looks back on DNA.

PMID- 386514
TI  - Rapid killing of single neurons by irradiation of intracellularly injected dye.
AB  - A simple technique for rapidly killing all or part of single neurons consists of
      filling the cell with Lucifer Yellow CH and irradiating all or part of it with
      intense blue light. Such treatment kills the irradiated part of the cell within a
      few minutes. Adjacent cells are not affected.

PMID- 386513
TI  - Calcium dependence of toxic cell death: a final common pathway.
AB  - Primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes were treated in the presence or absence
      of extracellular calcium with ten different membrane-active toxins. In all cases
      more than half the cells were killed in 1 to 6 hours in the presence but not in
      the absence of extracellular calcium. An effect of calcium on the primary
      mechanism of membrane injury by any of the agents cannot be implicated.
      Viability, as determined by trypan blue exclusion correlated well with other
      indices of viability such as plating efficiency and the hydrolysis of fluorescein
      diacetate. It is concluded that the cells are killed by processes that involve at
      least two steps. In each type of injury, disruption of the integrity of the
      plasma membrane by widely differing mechanisms is followed by a common functional
      consequence involving extracellular calcium, and most likely representing an
      influx of calcium across the damaged plasma membrane and down a steep
      concentration gradient. This later step represents, or at least initiates, a
      final common pathway for the toxic death of these cells.

PMID- 386515
TI  - Panel urges wide use of antiviral drug.

PMID- 386516
TI  - The 1979 Nobel prize in physiology or medicine.

PMID- 386517
TI  - Recent advances in the understanding of contact activation reactions.

PMID- 386518
TI  - Pathogenesis of arterial vascular disease.

PMID- 386520
TI  - Rheumatic syndromes in endocrine disease.
AB  - It is not widely appreciated that endocrine disease may present primarily as
      rheumatic syndromes, sometimes spectacular in onset, more commonly insidious and
      subtle, making their true recognition difficult. The underlying hormonal,
      biochemical, and metabolic events have understandable reflection in the structure
      and function of bone, joint, and muscle.

PMID- 386519
TI  - Pharmacology of platelet-suppressive agents.

PMID- 386521
TI  - Tuberculosis of the bones and joints.

PMID- 386522
TI  - Gastrointestinal tuberculosis.

PMID- 386523
TI  - Female genital tuberculosis and the role of hysterosalpingography.

PMID- 386524
TI  - [Problems of hernias in scars].

PMID- 386525
TI  - [Xenotransplant as a temporary cover in plastic surgery].

PMID- 386526
TI  - Pharmacology of the neonate.
AB  - Drugs need not necessarily be administered directly to the neonate, but may reach
      the newborn infant as a result of drug administration to the mother during
      gestation, at parturition, or during the course of lactation. The processes of
      absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs in the neonate are
      discussed. Differences between the neonate and the adult in this regard are
      outlined. The pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of specific drugs to which the
      neonate may be exposed are discussed.

PMID- 386528
TI  - Acute bacterial endocarditis following criminal abortion.

PMID- 386527
TI  - Rudolf Virchow and Heinrich Schliemann. An essay on the friendship of two great
      men.
AB  - This essay briefly relates the great friendship between two great men whose
      origins and curricula vitae differed exceedingly, but whose common scientific
      interest in archaeology was to unite them closely. Virchow, a medical doctor, and
      Schliemann, a doctor of science, were able eventually to secure safekeeping for
      the Trojan treasure discovered by Schliemann, whose contributions to the culture
      of our Western civilization have not been surpassed. What has happened to the
      Trojan treasure since the occupation of Berlin is a question still unanswered.

PMID- 386529
TI  - The diabetic foot.
AB  - Modern thought regarding the pathogenesis, clinical features and management of
      the 'diabetic foot' is reviewed. The interplay of the triad of ischaemia,
      neuropathy and infection is emphasized throughout. Management is directed at
      maintaining or providing a pain-free, working foot.

PMID- 386530
TI  - [Pre-eclampsia, disease of many theories].

PMID- 386531
TI  - In defence of ancient bloodletting.
AB  - The ancients used bloodletting extensively in infectious and other diseases. When
      recent work on iron and bacterial infection is taken into account, it is possible
      to argue that bloodletting, which reduced plasma iron and transferrin saturation,
      might have been of value in increasing resistance to infection by bacteria or
      plasmodia. Galen's bloodletting methods are summarized, and their probable effect
      on plasma iron is considered. The ancient physicans who had no specific remedies
      for infection whatsoever, may well have been justified in making responsible use
      of bloodletting, both for the treatment and for the prophylaxis of infectious
      disease.

PMID- 386532
TI  - A solid-phase radioimmunoassay for the detection of antibodies to Treponema
      pallidum.
AB  - A solid-phase radioimmunoassay (RIA) procedure was developed for the detection of
      antibodies to Treponema pallidum. The source of antigen used was T. pallidum
      (Nichols strain), which was specifically bound to the solid phase by use of
      rabbit antibody to T. pallidum (Nichols strain). The solid-phase system for this
      RIA test is the well of a microtiter plate. Preliminary data suggest that the RIA
      procedure is sensitive and specific and might be a useful addition to the
      research tools and serologic tests used in the study and diagnosis of syphilis.

PMID- 386533
TI  - Chlamydia trachomatis-induced urethritis in female partners of men with
      nongonococcal urethritis.
AB  - The rate of isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from cervical and urethral
      specimens from 99 culture-positive female partners of men with nongonococcal
      urethritis who were attending a gynecological outpatient clinic was correlated
      with the clinical status of the women. The agent was recovered from both sites in
      46 women, from the cervix only in 28, and from the urethra only in 25 women.
      Urethral symptoms were reported by 38 (54%) of those with positive urethral
      cultures, as compared with six (21%) of those with positive cervical cultures
      only (P less than 0.01). Significant bacteriuria was found in only three patients
      with urethral symptoms; two of them had negative urethral cultures for C.
      trachomatis. Frequencies of cervicitis, rises in titer of antibody, and geometric
      mean titers of immunofluorescent antibody to C. trachomatis did not differ
      significantly among the three groups.

PMID- 386534
TI  - Comparison of ampicillin plus probenecid with amoxicillin plus probenecid for
      treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea.
AB  - The efficacy of 3 g of amoxicillin plus 1 g of probenecid was compared with the
      efficacy of 3.5 g of ampicillin plus 1 g of probenecid for the treatment of
      uncomplicated gonorrhea. In a clinical trial no therapeutic failure was seen
      among 60 patients who were treated with the former regimen. The combination of
      ampicillin plus probenecid resulted in two therapeutic failures (3.6%) among the
      55 patients given it. It was concluded that amoxicillin plus probenecid is as
      effective as ampicillin plus probenecid for the treatment of uncomplicated
      gonorrhea.

PMID- 386535
TI  - The early identification of several venereal infections.

PMID- 386536
TI  - The importance of coexisting syphilitic, chlamydial, mycoplasmal, and trichomonal
      infections in the treatment of gonorrhea.

PMID- 386537
TI  - Incidence and therapy of gonococcal pharyngitis.

PMID- 386538
TI  - Experience with various antibiotics for treatment of anorectal gonorrhea.

PMID- 386539
TI  - Prevention and management of neonatal gonorrhea.

PMID- 386540
TI  - In commemoration of Theodor Billroth on the 150th anniversary of his birth.
      Billroth I: His surgical and professional accomplishments. Billroth II: His
      personal life, ideas, and musical friendships.

PMID- 386541
TI  - Lung bacterial clearance following pulmonary contusion.
AB  - Bacterial infections frequently,complicate pulmonary contusion and are the
      leading cause of death in such patients. This study evaluated the effects of
      pulmonary contusion alone and contusion associated with other factors on the
      ability to clear aerosolized bacteria from the lung. Lung bacterial clearance of
      Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae was studied in animals with
      isolated pulmonary contusion, or contusion associated with blood loss, rapid
      crystalloid infusion, or steroid administration. An isolated pulmonary contusion
      produced no impairment of the ability of the contused lung to clear either gram
      negative or gram-positive organisms. The addition of acute blood loss and
      crystalloid infusion resulted in decreased clearance from the contused lung;
      steroid administration caused a marked depression in lung bacterial clearance
      from the noninjured lung as well. The canine model described allowed for study of
      regional differences in bacterial clearance. The data presented support several
      conclusions; (1) the contused lung is not more susceptible to bacterial infection
      than the normal lung: (2) acute blood loss renders the contused lung less able to
      clear bacteria; (3) crystalloid infusion markedly depresses lung bacterial
      clearance; and (4) steroids have a deleterious antibacterial effect on both
      contused and noncontused lungs.

PMID- 386542
TI  - Rene Leriche (1879-1955): father of vascular surgery.

PMID- 386543
TI  - Splenorrhaphy: changing concepts for the traumatized spleen.
AB  - Established doctrine dictating splenectomy for the traumatized spleen has come
      under considerable critism since the report of fatal postsplenectomy sepsis by
      King and Shumacher in 1952. With expanding knowledge of immunologic and
      physiologic function, splenectomized persons have been proven at risk in
      different areas, but the most important impetus for splenic preservation has been
      the observation of overwhelming postsplenectomy sepsis. Several reports have
      confirmed this concern, with a documented increase in morbidity and death of
      splenectomized patients of 50 to 200 times the normal. Successful results with
      surgical repair of traumatized spleens have been reported, experimentally and
      clinically proving excellent healing capabilities. It is not uncommon to
      frequently find little if any active bleeding with such injuries; in fact, even
      significant bleeding can be controlled with splenic salvage. Several different
      techniques to accomplish this have been reported. These are reviewed, two new
      successful and previously unreported techniques are outlined in detail, and
      statistical information supporting the use of these techniques is presented.

PMID- 386544
TI  - [Anatolii Innokent'evich Nesterov].

PMID- 386545
TI  - [Determination of antilymphocytic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus by
      indirect immunofluorescence technic using fixed lymphocytes].

PMID- 386547
TI  - [Immunological monitoring in clinical allotransplantation].

PMID- 386546
TI  - [Surgical treatment of lymphosarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma].

PMID- 386548
TI  - [Psychological disorders caused by civilization].

PMID- 386550
TI  - [In memory of Heinz Urban].

PMID- 386549
TI  - [The pill and thromboembolism. 1. Thrombogenesis and additional risk factors. A
      review of the literature].

PMID- 386551
TI  - Effectivity of Cavinton and Lucidril in the treatment of hearing defects of
      different origin.

PMID- 386553
TI  - Hugo Richter, an outstanding Hungarian neurohistologist (1887--1945).

PMID- 386552
TI  - History of the development of Probon, a new minor analgesic.

PMID- 386554
TI  - [Anorexigenics. Experimental study methods, chemical structures and
      classification].

PMID- 386555
TI  - [Mechanism of action of anorexigenics].

PMID- 386556
TI  - [The role of anorexigenics in the treatment of obesity].

PMID- 386558
TI  - Electroimmunoassay of factor IX antigen: increased sensitivity by enzyme
      amplification of immunoprecipitates.

PMID- 386557
TI  - Thrombocyte migration inhibitory activity of concanavalin-A-stimulated human
      lymphocytes. In vivo and in vitro modifications by dipyridamole and
      acetylsalicylic acid.

PMID- 386559
TI  - Bleeding time in laboratory animals. IV. Effects of prostacyclin, pyrimido
      pyrimidine compounds and aspirin in rats.

PMID- 386560
TI  - [In memoriam E.A.A. Quaedvlieg].

PMID- 386562
TI  - [In memoriam N.A. van der Velden].

PMID- 386561
TI  - [In memoriam Dr. B. Stonebrink].

PMID- 386563
TI  - Detection of the K99 antigen of Escherichia coli in calf faeces by enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
AB  - An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is presented for the detection of
      the K99 antigen of Escherichia coli in calf faeces. False-positive reactions were
      not observed with K99-negative strains and with several viral antigens. Only
      bovine coronavirus caused slight positive reactions which could be eliminated by
      a blocking test. As compared with the conventional procedure for the detection of
      the K99 antigen, ELISA seemed to be a least as sensitive and had the advantage
      that samples could be stored at --20 degrees C before testing. In addition many
      samples could be handled at the same time and the results became available
      quickly. By carrying out the assay as a blocking test, specific antibody against
      K99 in serum or colostrum could be detected and titrated.

PMID- 386564
TI  - Regional myocardial flow and metabolism in canine heart transplants after
      preservation for 24 hours.

PMID- 386565
TI  - The immune response to vasectomy and its relation to the HLA system.
AB  - We examined 188 men who had undergone vasectomy up to 6 years previously and, for
      comparative purposes, 100 men who were about to undergo the operation. Blood
      specimens were available from a total of 283 men. Sperm antibody assays using
      immunofluorescence, microagglutination, and microimmobilization confirmed that
      the prevalance of several types of antibody is higher after vasectomy.
      Immobilizing and agglutinating antibodies appeared to be the most important.
      Trends in antibody prevalence according to the time after the operation were
      analyzed. Screening against lymphocytes and lymphoid lines showed that the anti
      sperm activity of era was not related to anti-HLA or anti-Ia activity.
      Associations were examined between different types of sperm antibody, and between
      these antibodies and autoantibodies to other antigens. When antibody prevalence
      was studied in relation to HLA types, the HLA antigen A28 was found to be
      strongly associated with production of head agglutinating antibody (and
      immobilizing and immunofluorescent equatorial antibodies) after vasectomy. This
      is one of the first clear-cut examples of antibody production associated with the
      HLA system.

PMID- 386566
TI  - [Cornea transplantation].

PMID- 386567
TI  - Effects of desensitization on different kinds of in vitro PPD-induced response of
      lymph node lymphocytes from tuberculin-sensitive guinea pigs.
AB  - Guinea pigs rendered hypersensitive to tuberculin 2 to 3 weeks (early stage) or
      10 to 14 weeks (late stage) after sensitization with complete Freund's adjuvant
      could be completely desensitized by a single or double injections of a sufficient
      amount of PPD (purified protein derivative). Lymph node cells from such
      desensitized animals 48 to 72 hr after the challenge showed a considerable
      reduction of the ability to produce blastogenic factor and skin reactive factor
      upon PPD-stimulation, whereas the macrophage migration inhibitory factor activity
      remained still unaffected. As regards antigen-induced 3H-thymidine incorporation
      in vitro, lymph node cells from animals desensitized in the late stage after
      sensitization showed no substantial reduction in the degree of enhanced DNA
      synthesis upon PPD-stimulation, although the desensitization in the early stage
      resulted in a significant loss of this activity. These results suggest the
      possibility that desensitizing challenge does not bring about a uniform and
      regular effect on every lymphocyte subpopulations relevant to different functions
      and, in addition, indicate that there are some exceptions to the
      compartmentalization concept of antigen-reactive lymphocytes.

PMID- 386568
TI  - Prolonged survival time of allogeneic skin grafts in host pretreated with somatic
      cell hybrids and prednisolone.
AB  - By applying somatic cell hybrids to transplantation immunity, the prolongation of
      survival time of mouse skin allografts was investigated. The hybrid cells (LJ)
      were made by cell fusion between L cells derived from C3H/He mouse and JLS-V9
      cells derived from BALB/c mouse with UV-irradiated Sendai viruses. Skin grafts
      from female (C3H/He . JmsX BALB/c . Slc) F1 donors were transplanted to male
      BALB/c . Slc. The survival of the transplant in BALB/c pretreated with the LJ
      cells and prednisolone showed a significant prolongation, compared with that in
      animals pretreated with only prednisolone or the LJ cells. The mean survival time
      and standard deviation of the grafts in mice injected with 1 X 10(5) LJ cells
      i.v. 4 days before the grafting, and subsequently treated with prednisolone 50
      mg/kg i.p. 1 day before and at the time of the grafting were 17.3 +/- 2.2 days.
      Controls were 9.2 +/- 0.4 days. The mechanisms of prolongation of skin grafts
      were discussed in terms of cell-mediated immunity and humoral factors. Somatic
      cell hybrids are useful, not only for inducing immunological enhancement, but
      also for studying the function of major histocompatibility antigens in cellular
      immunity and can be applied to clinical organ transplantation.

PMID- 386569
TI  - A radioimmunoassay for chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins.

PMID- 386570
TI  - Inhibition effect of dehydroascorbic acid on insulin secretion from mouse
      pancreatic islets.

PMID- 386571
TI  - [Blood supply of the enamel organ in the human tooth germ].

PMID- 386573
TI  - [Morphological peculiarities of the normal enamel surface].

PMID- 386572
TI  - [Prosthesis design for a toothless maxilla in a case of an enlarged tuberosity].

PMID- 386574
TI  - [Comparative study on sensitivity to bacterial autoallergens in patients with
      inflammatory periodontal diseases].

PMID- 386575
TI  - [Varnish coating effects on amalgam restorations].

PMID- 386576
TI  - [Clinical experience with the anesthetic neo-lidocain].

PMID- 386577
TI  - [Use of a special grid scale for radiography in prosthetic stomatology].

PMID- 386578
TI  - [Impression taking in the edentulous mouth with special regard to closed mouth
      impression with simultaneous determination of the jaw relation].
AB  - In view of the increase in mean life expectancy and in the need for care in the
      gerostomatological sphere, more attention must be paid to such methods which
      optimize the construction of full dentures from the anatomico-pathological
      viewpoint, exert a rationalizing effect, and are likely to improve the success
      rate in the treatment of edentulous patients. The method of closed mouth
      impression and simultaneous determination of the jaw relation refers to well
      proved principles of impression making, considers new findings concerning the
      determination of the jaw relation, incorporates modern materials and instruments,
      and forms the system character of clinico-technological measures.

PMID- 386580
TI  - Ophthalmological Society of the United Kingdom. List of members of the society.

PMID- 386579
TI  - Contraceptive acceptability research: utility and limitations.

PMID- 386581
TI  - Effects of HLA-A and B matching on success of cadaver grafts at a single center.
AB  - The effect of HLA matching on the success of cadaver renal allografts was
      examined utilizing computerized multifactoral analysis in a large single renal
      transplant center. One hundred ninety-one consecutive cadaver transplant
      recipients (from January 1968 to August 1975) were followed from 2 1/2 to 9
      years. During the period surveyed we had not utilized the tissue typing results
      in a prospective manner to select recipients. The data presented attest to the
      beneficial effect of utilizing well matched cadaver grafts. HLA matching of two
      or more antigens results in significantly superior 2- and 4-year patient survival
      and graft function compared to results for cadaver kidneys matched for zero and
      one HLA antigen. The results are not greatly influenced when age, sex, or time of
      transplant are controlled. The importance of tissue typing is particularly clear
      if higher doses of antilymphoblast globulin (ALG) are administered. The risk
      inherent in advancing recipient age is markedly reduced by better transplant
      matches. Graft function is also superior in the diabetic patients receiving good
      HLA matches, but there are too few patients to make these results statistically
      significant.

PMID- 386582
TI  - Genetics of kidney allograft survival in dogs. II. Relevance of minor
      histocompatibility systems in recipients without immunosuppressive therapy.

PMID- 386583
TI  - Cross-reactive antibodies against human cultured B cells and bovine erythrocytes
      in human renal transplantation sera.
AB  - Sera of 58 recipients of renal allografts were studied for the presence of
      antibodies against cell cultures of human B lymphoid cell lines (B-LCL) and
      bovine erythrocytes (BRBC). Cytotoxic anti-B-LCL antibodies were found in 13% of
      the sera from recipients with the grafts and in 67% of the sera obtained after
      removal of the rejected grafts. Most of these sera also contained BRBC lysins of
      high titers. Absorption studies showed that the anti-B-LCL antibodies are
      directed against antigens shared by BRBC and that they can be absorbed with
      corresponding graft tissues. The specificity of BRBC lysins found in some of the
      transplantation sera was shown to be similar to that of Hanutziu-Deicher
      antibodies.

PMID- 386584
TI  - Privileged status of the subcutaneous site for skin allografts in rats.
AB  - Evidence is presented that in rats the subcutaneous site can extend privilege to
      both major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-incompatible (FI X DA)F1 leads to FI
      and MHC-compatible LEW leads to FI skin allografts, approximately doubling the
      median survival time of similar grafts transplanted orthotopically. Unlike graft
      dosage, "gene" dosage was an important variable in that grafts from (FI X DA)F1
      donors significantly outlived those from DA strain donors. Prior splenectomy of
      the hosts did not prejudice the capacity of their subcutaneous sites to extend
      privilege. It was found that the hemagglutinin response incited by subcutaneous
      grafts was significantly delayed compared with that evoked by similar grafts
      transplanted orthotopically or intraperitoneally. This observation, coupled with
      our inability to demonstrate the passage of India ink to regional lymph nodes
      after its injection into the dermis of established subcutaneous grafts of
      syngenic skin, is consistent with the concept that poor endowment of the
      subcutaneous milieu with both blood and lymph vessels is the principal factor
      underlying its hospitality to allografts.

PMID- 386585
TI  - Pulmonary function of DLA-nonidentical lung allografts in dogs treated with
      lethal total-body irradiation, autologous bone marrow transplantation, and
      methotrexate.

PMID- 386586
TI  - Immune responses to organ allografts. II. Decreased B cell responses to cardiac
      allografts in rats pretreated with enhancing, suppressor cell, or T lymphocyte
      depletion protocols.
AB  - Primarily vascularized LBN cardiac allografts transplanted to LEW rats are
      rejected 6 to 8 days after transplantation. Immunoperoxidase stains for cells
      producing immunoglobulin (Ig) demonstrate a proliferation of Ig-containing
      immunoblasts in the splenic red pulp (RP) and peripheral periarterial sheath
      (PAS) within 2 days after transplantation. These immunoblasts differentiate into
      plasma cells that triple the RP volume by the time of rejection. By 14 days, the
      plasma cells are replaced by mitotically active large and small lymphocytes with
      no demonstrable cytoplasmic Ig. Splenic Ig production is followed by a venous
      vasculitis in the graft and by the appearance of circulating cytotoxic antibodies
      5 days after grafting. Three biological methods of prolonging cardiac graft
      survival were found to derange this sequence of immunological reactions at
      different stages. Enhancement by antigen and antibody pretreatment of the
      recipient elicited a premature production of Ig that subsided and was not
      reinitiated by cardiac transplantation. Transfer of suppression with thymocytes
      from enhanced cardiac recipients temporarily inhibited differentiation of splenic
      B cells into immunoblasts and plasma cells. T cell depletion by thymectomy,
      irradiation, and bone marrow reconstitution also decreased the plasma cell
      response, possibly by removing helper cells required to switch IgM production to
      IgG. These studies reemphasize the importance of Ig production in the complex
      interaction of immune reactions leading to acute rejection of organ transplants.

PMID- 386587
TI  - Effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole on hematological recovery after total
      body irradiation and autologous marrow infusion in dogs.
AB  - To test the effect of the combination of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)
      on hematological recovery after bone marrow transplantation, dogs were
      conditioned with 1,200 R total body irradiation and then infused with autologous
      marrow. Twenty dogs were given TMP-SMX at doses equivalent to 10, 20, or 40 mg
      TMP/kg/day beginning on the day of marrow infusion and continued until the
      granulocyte count reached 10(3)/mul; in addition, one-half of the dogs received
      methotrexate, 0.4 mg/kg on days 1, 3, 6, and 11 and then weekly until termination
      of the study. Granulocyte and platelet changes were compared to those of dogs
      given 1,200 R, autologous marrow infusion, and no TMP-SMX. Dogs given 10 and 20
      mg TMP/kg/day had normal granulocyte and platelet recovery after irradiation.
      Dogs given 40 mg TMP/kg/day showed a significant delay in granulocyte recovery
      and mildly delayed platelet recovery. This suggests that TMP-SMX in prophylactic
      doses (5 mg TMP/kg/day) can be given safely to human patients immediately after
      allogeneic marrow transplantation and thus probably prevent even very early cases
      of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and possibly bacterial infections as well.

PMID- 386588
TI  - Effect of neuraminidase on immunogenicity of early mouse trophoblast.

PMID- 386589
TI  - Confirmation of bone marrow engraftment by demonstration of blood group antigens
      on red blood cell ghosts.

PMID- 386590
TI  - Kidney transplantation in leprosy. A case report.

PMID- 386591
TI  - HLA typing of human fetal fibroblasts.

PMID- 386592
TI  - Bone marrow transplantation from a donor with Gaucher's disease.

PMID- 386593
TI  - The distribution of human filariasis throughout the world part IV. America.

PMID- 386594
TI  - 5-Fuorouracil cardiotoxicity.
AB  - Two cases of 5-fluorouracil cardiotoxicity, resulting in one patient in
      myocardial infarction, are described. A review of the literature confirms that
      cardiotoxicity is a rare but genuine complication of 5-fluorouracil treatment;
      the cardiotoxic effect seems to range from mild angina without persistent
      electrocardiographic changes to severe myocardial infarction. No factors
      predictive of this complication were identified. The authors therefore feel it is
      advisable to stop 5-fluorouracil treatment when precordial pain occurs, even if
      the ECG (after angina) is normal, since angina can in some cases result in
      myocardial infarction.

PMID- 386595
TI  - [Determination of auto-antibodies against spermatozoa after vasectomy and
      epididymectomy by indirect immunofluorescence (author's transl)].
AB  - As a result of successful recanalization of the vas deferens, a low pregnancy
      rate has been observed. The formation of auto-antibodies is considered as cause.
      In vasectomized and epididymectomized rats, the presence of auto-antibodies
      against spermatozoa was proven by indirect immunofluorescence. After uni- and/or
      bilateral obstruction of the vasa, the formation of antibodies against
      spermatozoa takes place which - after 2 months - proves to be permanent for 9
      months, then showing a decreased titre. An animal model is presented suitable for
      the study of immunological processes in unilateral gonadal diseases.

PMID- 386597
TI  - Urologic microsurgery--current perspectives: I. Vasovasostomy.
AB  - Microsurgical procedures are receiving increased attention in urology, and claims
      of improved results of vasovasostomy performed with operating microscope have
      been made. This review examines the available results, sometimes conflicting, of
      both macro- and microsurgical methods of vasovasostomy. The weight of the data
      leads to the conclusion that improved results of vasovasostomy will occur with
      the use of the operating microscope regardless of the type of anastomosis
      performed because increased appreciation of the detail of the small vasal lumen
      is afforded by optical magnification.

PMID- 386596
TI  - [Twenty years of urology in a children's hospital (1954--1974). Together with an
      epicrisis of 101 children with bilateral anomalies of the urinary passages,
      operated on in the first year of life (author's transl)].
AB  - This work encompasses a 20-year period, during which a urologist spent an
      important part of his time in a children's hospital, because of his conviction
      that attemps at effective treatment of urinary passage anomalies in childhood
      have a chance only when treatment is begun as early as possible. A report is
      presented on 101 children with bilateral, severe urinary passage anomalies, who
      were operated on in the first year of life, with the goal of early, total
      correction. The following experiences are of general significance: 1. The earlier
      the symptoms -- in 90% of cases, pyuria -- the more severe are the findings. --
      2. Males are primarily affected, here at a ratio of 7:3. As a result, pyuria in
      infants must be explained urologically, particularly when it occurs in males. --
      This report is a plea for early, total correction and against periodic urinary
      drainage. Results show a 50% decrease in infections, flow disturbances, and
      biochemical changes, as well as a postoperative burst of growth also in 50% of
      cases. Cinematographic examinations show normal peristalsis even after
      skeletization and drastic reduction of a megaureter. The mortality was 9%, in the
      first year of life, 6%. Surprisingly, the result was not influenced by the
      presence or absence of reflux, but rather by stigmas and inferior development.
      Reflux had probably already played its fateful part in this severe bilateral
      disease, so that antireflux plastic surgery loses its prophylactic value.
      Compared with reports of experiences with periodic urinary drainage, our aim is
      to disprove the argument that, in difficult cases, total correction is dangerous:
      on the contrary, our results are better and coincide with the experiences of
      Hendren. Although Bischoff did not live to see the results of this work, in
      retrospect, our results bear out his pioneering concepts and ideas.

PMID- 386598
TI  - Antireflux ureteroileal anastomosis: experimental technique.
AB  - A technique for ureteroileal anastomosis with an antireflux extraluminal
      seromuscular ureteral tunnel was evaluated in 9 dogs. Evidence will be presented
      to show that this approach is effective in preventing reflux while preserving the
      integrity of the renal units.

PMID- 386599
TI  - New arterial cannulation techniques in cadaver kidney preservation.

PMID- 386600
TI  - Londonderry Lithia.

PMID- 386601
TI  - [Prostaglandins in blood preservation].

PMID- 386602
TI  - [The development of hematology from the time of Prof. Hynek and its further
      perspectives].

PMID- 386603
TI  - [Prof. Kristian Hynek (on the 100th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 386604
TI  - [Sergei Nikolaevich Finogenov (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 386606
TI  - [In memoriam N. P. Meshkova].

PMID- 386605
TI  - [Insulin metabolism and its interaction with specific cytoplasmic membrane
      receptors of the liver in alloxan diabetes in rats].
AB  - Biosynthesis of insulin, its degradation in liver tissue and binding with
      specific receptors of cytoplasmic membranes were studied in rats with alloxage
      diabetes and in normal state. Content of sugar was approximately 372 +/- 25
      mg/100 ml of blood in animals, treated with alloxane within 5 days, as compared
      with 83 +/- 7 mg of sugar per 100 ml of blood in the control group; content of
      insulin was also decreased in blood plasma to 12.1 +/- +/- 2.0 mU/ml as compared
      with 49.8 +/- 3.8 mU/ml controls. In rats with alloxane diabetes biosynthesis of
      insulin was increased, its degradation in liver tissue was lowered and binding of
      insulin with specific receptors of liver c itoplasmic membranes was elevated. The
      decreased degradation of the hormone together with deficiency in its formation,
      even though the rate of its synthesis and binding with receptors were increased,
      served as a compensatory mechanism due to impairment of a considerable part of
      beta-cells on baakground of the alloxane treatment.

PMID- 386607
TI  - Hemodilution -- new clothes for an anemic emperor.
AB  - This review deals with the rationale for the use of hemodilution in patients not
      subjected to open heart surgery. The claim for an optimum of circulatory oxygen
      transport at 30% hematocrit has been disproved; hemodilution thus simply means
      acute normovolemic anemia. Accordingly, it generates a cardiovascular strain and
      particularly jeopardizes cerebral and myocardial oxygen supply. Potentially
      serious clinical side effects have been reported. Hemodilution should therefore
      not be carried beyong the lower normal range for the hemoglobin or hematocrit
      level, i.e. 12--12.5 g% or 35--36%.

PMID- 386608
TI  - Preparation of factor VIII-deficient plasma by immunoadsorption.
AB  - An immunoadsorbent was prepared by coupling rabbit and human antibodies against
      human factor VIII to Sepharose CL-2B. The resulting insoluble antibodies
      completely removed factor VIII and fibrinogen from normal human citrate plasma.
      Other coagulation factors were satisfactorily recovered in the eluted plasma.
      Following addition of fibrinogen, the factor VIII-deficient plasma was used for
      calibration of the one-stage factor VIII assay and compared with the hemophilic
      plasma. Parallel straight lines were obtained in the log-log plot against VIII:C,
      indicating that the artificial reagent can be used as a substitute for hemophilic
      plasma in determination of factor VIII procoagulant activity. The immunoadsorbent
      can be regenerated and repeatedly used for affinity chromatography binding of
      factor VIII.

PMID- 386609
TI  - The occurrence of antibody markers of hepatitis B virus infection in an HBsAg
      negative blood donor population.
AB  - Anti HBs, anti-HBc and anti-HBe were tested in blood donors negative for HBsAg by
      radio- and enzyme-immunoassay. In this population 6.4% of the donors were
      positive for at least one type of antibody to HBV: 4.0% for anti-HBs, 2.3% for
      anti-HBc and 4.3% for anti-HBe. Two sera (0.2%) were exclusively positive for
      anti-HBc, eight sera (2.2%) were weakly positive only for anti-HBe. Further
      studies of the infectivity of such samples might be of interest.

PMID- 386610
TI  - The influence of ionic strength and incubation time on the sensitivity of methods
      using papainized red cells.
AB  - The sensitivity of a combination of various papain methods with normal and low
      ionic strength (lis) of the serum-cell mixture for the detection of red cell
      antibodies was tested after varying periods of incubation of the mixture. The
      mixture was centrifuged before reading when the period of incubation was short.
      The maximum sensitivity without centrifugation was always reached after a period
      of 60 min. With a longer incubation the sensitivity decreased. A sensitivity that
      equalled the maximum sensitivity without centrifugation could be obtained after
      only 10 min of incubation, if it was followed by a centrifugation before reading.
      Lis consistently increased the sensitivity of the papain methods, especially
      after 45--60 min of incubation.

PMID- 386611
TI  - HLA, DRW (IA-like) and additional surface antigens expressed on adenoid T and B
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Pregnancy sera were found to react differently when screened simultaneously with
      adenoid and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) obtained from the same individual.
      Some of the reactions were attributed to the higher sensitivity of adenoid
      lymphocytes to a low titer HLA or Ia antibody, while others were shown to be due
      to the expression of DRw (Ia-like) antigens on both T and B lymphocytes separated
      from adenoids. Positive reactions specific to adenoid lymphocytes, or manifested
      only following anti-beta2-microglobulin (a-beta2-m) treatment, suggest the
      presence of antigens other than HLA or Ia on the cell membrane. Unmasking of
      antigenic sites by the a-beta2-m capping process and rearrangement of the
      membrane structure may also contribute to the observed phenomena.

PMID- 386612
TI  - Role of blood transfusions and pregnancies in kidney transplantation.
AB  - A retrospective study in 71 cadaver renal transplant patients showed a
      significantly better 2-year graft survival rate (62%) in patients who received
      pretransplant transfusions or who were parous than in nontransfused patients or
      patients who have not been pregnant (29%). The beneficial influence of blood
      transfusion and of pregnancy is thus confirmed. An additive effect of blood
      transfuion and pregnancy is suggested by the results of this study.

PMID- 386613
TI  - Evaluation of the 'Mason' (continuous-thaw-siphon) method for cryoprecipitate
      production.
AB  - A comparison was made of the factor VIII recovery in cryoprecipitate made by the
      continuous-thaw-siphon technique of Mason [1], by our routine method of overnight
      thawing at 4 degrees C and by a fast-thaw method. The siphon method resulted in a
      mean recovery of 71% of the factor VIII. This is at least double the yield
      obtained by the routine method and could not be solely attributed to the faster
      processing as cryoprecipitate prepared by the fast-thaw method gave a factor VIII
      yield of 53%, which was significantly less than the Mason product. This product
      also contained increased amounts of factor VIII-related antigen and fibrinogen.
      Characterisation of the thaw-siphon cryoprecipitate factor VII by gel filtration,
      electrophoretic mobility, stability and measurement of isoagglutinin titre did
      not reveal any significant qualitative differences from cryoprecipitate produced
      by other methods.

PMID- 386614
TI  - How to obtain a double quantity of eluate from red cells.

PMID- 386615
TI  - [V. G. Korolenko, honorary member of the Poltava Society of Physicians].

PMID- 386616
TI  - [Drug preparations of sea buckthorn (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 386618
TI  - [Experience in using a mathematical model for the differential diagnosis of
      digestive organ diseases].

PMID- 386617
TI  - [Functional activity of the lymphocytes in chronic renal insufficiency after a
      cadaveric kidney allograft].

PMID- 386619
TI  - [Modern studies in renal amyloidosis].

PMID- 386621
TI  - Leonardo da Vinci's 'Anatomia Naturale'. The inaugural John F. Fulton lecture.
      Yale University School of Medicine November 3, 1978.

PMID- 386620
TI  - Leonardo da Vinci's 'Anatomia Naturale'. The inaugural John F. Fulton lecture.
      Yale University School of Medicine November 3, 1978.

PMID- 386623
TI  - [Recommendations for bacteriological sputum examinations in chronic bronchitis
      and other non tuberculous lung diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 386622
TI  - [Principles of differential immunodiagnostics in tuberculosis and other pulmonary
      diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - When differential diagnostics between tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, bronchial
      carcinoma and non-specific pulmonary diseases is not possible with clinical and
      laboratory methods, diagnosis may be often put by the aid of immunological
      methods. Differential diagnostics, usually, has not to delimit all these diseases
      one from another. In most cases it is necessary to differ only between two of
      these diseases, tuberculosis versus sarcoidosis, tuberculosis or bronchial
      carcinoma, tuberculosis or non-specific lung disease. By the aid of antibody
      determination (against streptococci, staphylococci, and pneumococci),
      determination of Ig and of immunological tests patterns of values for
      differential diagnostics between these groups of diseases can be elaborated and
      are shown in this paper.

PMID- 386624
TI  - [Results of sickness figure analyses in Soviet regional industrial branches and
      large industrial enterprises. A literature review].

PMID- 386626
TI  - [Dresdner hilfsarztliches Externat--an early precursor of institutionalized
      postgraduate medical training].

PMID- 386625
TI  - [Records kept at the State Archive of Dresden on the history of German-Polish
      relations in the field of medicine in the 18th century with special reference to
      epidemics].

PMID- 386627
TI  - [History of the medical department of the University of Cracow during the period
      of the Duchy of Warsaw].

PMID- 386628
TI  - [The institutional and administrative development of the admission and treatment
      of mental patients in Saxony from absolutism until citizen's revolution].

PMID- 386629
TI  - [15th anniversary of the theses of Rodewisch].

PMID- 386630
TI  - [Prof. Peter G. Hesse--70 years old].

PMID- 386631
TI  - [Resonance phenomena upon exposure of biological objects to millimeter range
      electromagnetic waves].

PMID- 386632
TI  - The Homestead: history of a Virginia landmark.

PMID- 386633
TI  - [I. M. Sechenov and the development of the theory of the sensory image].

PMID- 386634
TI  - [Molecular mechanisms of radiation lesions].

PMID- 386635
TI  - [Basic trends in the combined treatment of locally spread rectal cancer].

PMID- 386637
TI  - [V. Ia. Arutiunov].

PMID- 386636
TI  - [Experimental replication of bladder tumors. Morphologic features of early stages
      of their development].

PMID- 386638
TI  - [Index (classified and chronological) of the articles].

PMID- 386639
TI  - [Mastoidoplasty with a formalinized bone allograft in injury to the sigmoid
      sinus].

PMID- 386640
TI  - [Mechanisms of the injurious action of drug preparations on the organ of hearing
      and its prevention (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 386641
TI  - [Animal experiments on the detection of an exposure to "chemical mace" (author's
      transl)].
AB  - To answer the question whether a negative result of gas chromatographic blood
      analysis for components of chemical mace proves that no or at most only slight
      tear gas exposure can have occurred, animal experiments were carried out. In the
      blood of 10 guinea pigs, which were exposed to the contents of chemical mace for
      1--6 h, the solvants 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluorethane (freon 113) and 1,1,1
      trichloroethane could easily be detected--even 23 h after the end of exposure or
      after a storage of the blood samples for 18 weeks--whereas the lacrimator
      chloracetophenone (CN) could not be found at all. In vitro experiments showed
      that CN relatively quickly reacts with components of blood. Therefore, blood
      samples should be analyzed for CN after withdrawal as soon as possible. In case
      of inhalation of the contents of chemical mace, i.e., after the comparatively
      mildest form of CN application, most probably no traces of the lacrimator at all
      can pass into the blood due to the quick reaction of CN with proteins of the
      respiratory surface of the lung.

PMID- 386642
TI  - [A screening radioimmunoassay for 1,4-benzodiazepines in human blood, serum, and
      urine using anti-oxazepam-hemisuccinate-antibodies (author's transl)].
AB  - A simple and specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) was developed for the determination
      of oxazepam and other 1,4-benzodiazepines in human blood serum and urine (e.g.,
      diazepam, desmethyldiazepam, chlorazepate). For serum a 1:10 dilution, for urine
      a 1:100 dilution is recommended. Blood and hemolyzed samples need prior
      extraction by Amberlite XAD-2. The antisera were raised by immunizing "White New
      Zealand"-rabbits with an oxazepam-3-hemisuccinate bovine serum albumin conjugate.
      Using 0.1 ml serum dilution the sensitivity is 0.01 mg/l per tube. Especially
      higher concentrations show a tendency toward underestimation. Being not limited
      to a single 1,4-benzodiazepine derivative, the specificity of the antisera is
      also suitable for a screening analysis. Compared to thin-layer chromatographic
      analysis of urine this assay shows improved sensitivity (0.05--0.1 mg/l in 0.1 ml
      of a 1:100 dilution = 1 microliter of urine). For forensic investigations, an
      analysis in the sequence of urine-RIA, blood/serum-RIA, blood/serum-"electron
      capture"-gas-liquid chromatography (ECD-GLC) seems to be a helpful approach.
      Blood levels of diazepam and desmethyldiazepam determined by RIA and GLC after
      extraction are in satisfactory agreement.

PMID- 386644
TI  - [Basic text: halitosis. The unpleasant foetor ex ore].

PMID- 386643
TI  - Circadian rhythms: influences of internal and external factors on the period
      measured in constant conditions.
AB  - The article reviews most of the data available on the period tau of freerunning
      circadian rhythms, measured in constant conditions. Emphasis is placed on the
      effects of light intensity and ambient temperature on tau, with references to
      influences of other external as well as internal factors. In the introduction,
      examples are given of spontaneous and induced variations in tau and its
      dependence on the experimental history. The discussion concentrates largely on
      results obtained from arthropods and vertebrates.

PMID- 386645
TI  - [System for cultivation of bacteria to follow up gas production (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The construction, workwise and handling of a system for cultivation of bacteria
      to follow up gas production is described.

PMID- 386646
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. 100 years ago (8)].

PMID- 386647
TI  - [Standardization of measuring technique and documentation in traumatology
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Standardized clinical measuring methods, development of uniform measuring
      instruments, standardization of the measuring technique have internationally been
      accepted. This covers especially the measurement of length, girth, distance and
      joint mobility as well as their recording.

PMID- 386648
TI  - [Radiation-borne changes to vaginal and portio epithelium (author's transl)].
AB  - Radiotherapy of cervix carcinoma may cause radiation-borne reactive cell changes
      to epithelial cells of the vagina and portio which are sizeable but harmless.
      However, postradiation dysplasia with damage to the DNA and RNA is a genuine
      dysplasia and may be a precancerous condition. It is cytologically characterised
      by impairment of the nucleocytoplasmatic ratio as well as by hyperchromia and
      heterochromia of nuclei. Statistically secured correlation with recurrent
      carcinomas was established only for severe types with aneuploid DNA in the
      nuclei.

PMID- 386649
TI  - [Bacteriological aspects of trichomonal vaginitis (author's transl)].
AB  - An analysis was made of the vaginal flora of 25 gynaecological patients with
      acute trichomomal vaginitis, with the view to elucidating the bacteriological
      situation. Eighty-four isolates, an average of 3.4 per patient, were taken and
      included a wide range of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. - Obligate anaerobic
      species, such as bacteriodes and peptostreptococci, with susceptibility to
      metronidazole were among the predominant pathogens. - The differentiated
      susceptibility of the most common bacteria to antibiotics may yield information
      useful to therapy in the case of aggravated infection.

PMID- 386650
TI  - [Applicability of ultrasonic B-scan diagnosis to localisation of intra-uterine
      contraceptive devices (author's transl)].
AB  - The types Dana super and Copper T intra-uterine devices (IUD) were reliably
      localised by ultrasonic B-scanning in 100 patients. Five dislocalisations were
      recorded and one erroneous interpretation in a case of uterus myomatosus. The
      method was found to be applicable to screening test and is recommended
      particularly for the following cases: clinically undetectable thread, following
      insertion, before removal of IUD, and in early pregnancy by the tenth gestational
      week.

PMID- 386651
TI  - [Humoral factor study of natural immunity in Sonne and Flexner dysenteries].

PMID- 386653
TI  - [Recurrent Sonne dysentery morbidity caused by Shigella of varying enzymatic
      types].
AB  - The proportion of repeated cases of dysentery caused by Sh. sonnei does not
      exceed 3.59% of the total number of bacteriologically confirmed cases of this
      infection. The frequency of reinfection depended on the enzymatic type of the
      causative agent. The rarest cases of reinfection were those occurring after the
      primary infection with Sh. sonnei, biochemical type 2, whereas the most frequent
      after the primary infection with Sh. sonnei, type 3. Reinfection with
      heterologous Sh. sonnei was registered mostly 6-12 months after the primary
      infection, and with homologous Sh. sonnei after a 1 year and later.

PMID- 386652
TI  - [Change in the resistance of mice to intestinal infection and to prolonged
      irradiation under the influence of live BCG vaccine].

PMID- 386654
TI  - [Evaluation of the state of the nonspecific resistance of the body in children in
      an organized collective].
AB  - Nonspecific body resistance was evaluated by 2 methods: the surface autoflora of
      the skin and the degree of autoimmune reaction were determined. An increase in
      the number of microorganisms in the autoflora (more than 40 colonies on the
      impression) and the number of cells secreting antibodies against autoerythrocytes
      suggested a decrease in body resistance against bacterial and viral infections
      (increased morbidity rate for respiratory and pyoinflammatory infections). The
      above methods make it possible to detect the weakest children in closed
      institutions and to carry out observation of such children with the
      implementation of the necessary prophylactic measures.

PMID- 386655
TI  - [Detection of tetanus antitoxin by using the enzyme-labeled antibody reaction].

PMID- 386657
TI  - [Blocking action of the soluble H-2 antigens and H-2 antibody isolated by various
      methods and mouse immune lymphocytes].
AB  - The treatment of tumour and lymphoid cells of mice with 3M KC1 solution having
      high ionic strength, nonionic detergent and by subsequent freeze-thawing resulted
      in obtaining serologically active H-2 antigen preparation capable of specifically
      blocking the cytotoxicity of H-2 antisera. The antigenic activity of the
      preparations thus obtained depended on the source from which they were isolated
      (spleen cells and their membrane fragments proved to be the best source), on the
      degree of maturity of tumor cells and the degree of purification of the
      preparation, as well as on the methods of solubilization. The blocking action of
      soluble H-2 antigens on the cytotoxicity of immune lymphocytes depended on the
      method used for isslating these antigens. The interaction of immune lymphocytes
      and H-2 antisera with soluble antigens was probably effected by different
      mechanisms.

PMID- 386658
TI  - [Methods for the biochemical differentiation of microorganisms].

PMID- 386659
TI  - [Experimental study of the protective activity of Proteus antigenic complexes per
      se and in association with various staphylococcal vaccines].

PMID- 386660
TI  - [Susceptibility and sensitivity of the Siberian lemming and Middendorff's vole to
      leptospirae of the grippotyphosa serogroup].
AB  - Siberian lemmings and Middendorf's voles were found to be susceptible to
      infection caused by Leptospira of the Grippotyphosa serogroup after the
      intraperitoneal injection of Leptospira culture, the application of the culture
      or infected urine to the skin, as well as after Leptospira-carrying animals were
      placed together with the animals to be infected. The infectious sensitivity of
      these animals to Leptospira was not high: leptospiruria was observed for 1-3
      weeks; in some of the voles leptospiruria was slightly pronounced, whereas other
      voles had a great number of Leptospira in urine. Antibodies appeared in the blood
      on day 5 after infection, and their titers increased till days 61-63. In no case
      could Leptospira be isolated from the kidneys of the animals killed on days 61-83
      of the experiment.

PMID- 386661
TI  - [Seasonal problems of bacterial dysentery in the Dagestan ASSR].
AB  - During the period of 1959-1973 bacterial dysentery showed high morbidity rate in
      Daghestan in all seasons, this tendency existing both in urban and rural areas.
      The peculiarity of the monthly distribution of dysentery cases, observed all over
      the repulic, was the shift of the morbidity peak from August to September
      October, and in some years even to November; this could be clearly observed from
      the analysis of the material as a whole and from the analysis of dysentery
      morbidity rates in rural and urban areas separately. This rise in dysentery
      morbidity rate in August--September might be due to the reassembling of children
      at various institutions after their mass return from summer resorts in the
      country, as well as to thhe influx of new children to creches and kindergartens.
      Moreover, as the period of August--September is the bathing and fruit-harvesting
      season in Daghestan, a rise in morbidity rate in these months was obviously
      caused by the unsatisfactory level of sanitation and hygiene due to an acute
      deficiency of water.

PMID- 386656
TI  - [Comparative study of modifications in the immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent
      methods of detecting human tissue immunoglobulins].
AB  - The comparison of the data obtained by using different modifications of the
      immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescent methods for detecting immunoglobulins in
      intestinal tissues was made. The direct immunoperoxidase method was shown to
      allow the quantitative study of immunoglobulin-containing cells. The direct
      immunoperidase method was found to be technically simpler, but the indirect and
      complex peroxidase-antiperoxidase methods proved to be more sensitive.

PMID- 386662
TI  - [Vladimir Konstantinovich Vysokovich (on the 125th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 386663
TI  - [On the 80th birthday of B. L. Palant].

PMID- 386664
TI  - [In memory of Viktor Andreevich Bashenin].

PMID- 386665
TI  - [Cell-mediated and humoral immunity in HBS-Ag carriers].
AB  - The presence of HBs--Ag in the blood was established in 1.8% of practically
      healthy persons, in 29.7% of virus hepatitis patients and in 86.0% of serum
      hepatitis patients. The immunological study of clinically healthy HBs--Ag
      carriers revealed a statistically significant decrease in the number of T and B
      lymphocytes and an increased level of serum IgA, IgM and IgG in the blood. Among
      donors, 7.6% were found to have lymphocytes sensitized to HBs--Ag and 15.4% were
      found to have lymphocytes sensitized to liver antigen, while for HBs--Ag carriers
      these data were 62.5% and 50%, respectively.

PMID- 386666
TI  - [Cholesterol synthesis by several strains of Escherichia].
AB  - The results of the study of lipids in the media used for growing different
      Escherichia strains are presented. Donor plasma with carbon-labeled sodium
      acetate was used as culture medium. Those strains which induced an increase in
      cholesterol content in the medium after 48-hour incubation were considered
      cholesterin-synthetizing. During the growth of these strains the radioactive
      marker became incorporated into the lipids accumulated in the medium:
      phospholipids, cholesterol, fatty acids. The degree of this incorporation
      depended on the dose of labeled sodium acetate and the amount of the inoculated
      culture. Cholesterol-synthetizing activity of Escherichia is characteristic of
      only freshly isolated strains.

PMID- 386667
TI  - [Transduction analysis of the genetic control of synthesis of the R-nucleus of
      the lipopolysaccharide of O-antigen].

PMID- 386668
TI  - [Several pathogenicity factors in hospital strains of S. typhimurium].

PMID- 386669
TI  - [Effectiveness of oral immunization of white mice with a complex S. typhimurium
      antigen].
AB  - The protective properties of hydroxylamine preparation obtained from a virulent
      strain of S. typhimurium were studied in experiments with natural infection after
      a single oral immunization. The new data obtained in these experiments suggest
      that the treatment of bacteria with hydroxylamine allows to produce the
      preparation which, when administered orally, has the immunizing dose only 20
      times as great as its immunizing dose for subcutaneous administration. The action
      of gastric juice on hydroxylamine preparation, as well as the duration and
      specificity of immunity induced by the oral administration of this preparation
      were studied. The oral administration of some adjuvants was found to make it
      possible to considerably decrease the effective dose of the vaccine.

PMID- 386670
TI  - [Early infantile autism in twins (review)].

PMID- 386671
TI  - [Effects of electric stimulation and destruction of the centrum medianum of the
      optic thalamus in patients with akinetic forms of parkinsonism].
AB  - Results of electrostimulation and destruction of the median centre of the
      thalamus in 15 patients with parkinsonism and in 7 patients with uncontrollable
      pain are presented. Reactions of activation and inhibition in the
      psychoemotional, somatic and vegetosensory spheres in response to the stimulation
      are described. Data on bioelectrical activity changes in the cortex of the large
      hemispheres are presented. Special studies of the effect of the median centre
      destruction on the muscular tone and tremor were carried out. In the akinetic
      forms of parkinsonism the effect of reactivation after the median centre
      destruction was found to be of little clinical importance.

PMID- 386673
TI  - [Iakov Pavlovich Frumkin].

PMID- 386672
TI  - [Psychic automatism and the Kandinsky-Clerambault syndrome (controversial
      phenomenologic and psychopathologic questions)].

PMID- 386674
TI  - [Operation results in Koenig's osteochondropathy of the internal femoral condyle
      by means of bone grafts (author's transl)].

PMID- 386675
TI  - Effect of preoperative oral administration of oxytetracycline and neomycin on
      postoperative infectious complications in cases of cancer coli-recti.
AB  - A prospective randomized study on the effects of Enterobiotic (oxytetracycline +
      neomycin) given per os to patients operated upon electively and curatively for
      carcinoma coli and recti is presented. 75 patients were treated and 66 were
      controls. A highly significant reduction of peroperative total and Gram-negative
      bacterial growth from the bowel was registered and a probably significant
      reduction of anaerobic bacterial growth. In the whole material a highly
      significant lower incidence of wound sepsis and intra-abdominal infectious
      complications occurred in the treated group, compared with the control group.
      This applies also to the resection material, while the difference is of probable
      significance in the excision group. 13 of 66 patients died, 8 of septic
      complications, all in the non-treated group. There was no mortality in the
      pretreated group. The difference between the noninfected and the infected patient
      groups was significant as regards the preoperative intraluminal total growth of
      bacteria and the growth of Gram-negative bacteria. The subsequent non-infected
      patients show a significantly increased number of cultures not showing any growth
      of bacteria. No negative side effects of Enterobiotic therapy were noted.

PMID- 386676
TI  - Thromboembolism after elective and post-traumatic hip surgery--a controlled
      prophylactic trial with dextran 70 and low-dose heparin.
AB  - A prospective randomized controlled study has been undertaken to evaluate two
      different prophylactic treatments against postoperative thromboembolic
      complications after hip surgery. Patients with hip fracture (77) and patients
      undergoing elective hip arthroplasty (213) were separately randomized into one of
      three groups: control, dextran 70, or low-dose heparin. Deep vein thrombosis was
      diagnosed in both groups with the 125I-fibrinogen test and pulmonary perfusion
      defects in the arthroplasty group with a combination of pulmonary X-ray and
      perfusion scintigraphy. The frequency of thrombosis was significantly higher in
      untreated hip fracture patients than in untreated arthroplasty patients. In hip
      fracture patients both treatments significantly reduced the frequency of
      thrombosis. Only dextran reduced the frequency of major thrombosis and in the
      heparin group one fatal pulmonary embolism occurred. After elective hip surgery
      the overall frequency of thrombosis was not influenced by the two treatments, but
      with dextran 70 thigh thrombi were reduced and with low-dose heparin the
      frequency of bilateral thrombosis was reduced. Two patients in the control group
      died of pulmonary embolism, but the frequency of pulmonary perfusion defects was
      not influenced by the treatment. Bleeding and transfusions were the same in the
      three groups.

PMID- 386677
TI  - The prophylaxis of septic complications in colo-rectal surgery. A controlled
      trial of metronidazole and oxytetracycline.
AB  - The prophylactic effect of systemic metronidazole on infectious complications
      following elective colo-rectal surgery was compared with the prophylactic effect
      of oxytetracycline. Allocation to receive metronidazole or oxytetracycline was
      random. A total of 137 patients were accepted for the trial, 67 receiving
      metronidazole and 70 oxytetracycline. The numbers of abdominal wound infections,
      intra-abdominal infections, fever and deaths were few in both groups, and the
      differences statistically insignificant. Clinically significant side effects of
      the antimicrobial agents were not observed. The influence of the antimicrobial
      agents on colonic flora was also studied. No significant difference in the effect
      on colonic anaerobic flora was demonstrated, whereas the aerobic flora was
      significantly suppressed by oxytetracycline. It is concluded that systemic
      metronidazole, although acting solely on the anaerobic flora, is as effective as
      oxytetracycline in preventing postoperative infectious complications following
      elective colo-rectal surgery. The prophylactic use of metronidazole is advocated.

PMID- 386678
TI  - Role of phagocytic cells in host defence in relation to trauma--a brief review.
AB  - Present evidence available support a relationship between phagocytic cell
      function and survival from various types of trauma, e.g. burn, traumatic shock,
      and haemorrhage. Both polymorphonuclear phagocytes and mononuclear phagocytes
      (monocytes and macrophages) participating in the body's host defence are of
      crucial importance in preventing post-traumatic infections by microorganisms. The
      role of macrophages constituting the reticuloendothelial system (RES) in relation
      to trauma is paid special attention in this review. Deficit in a humoral opsonic
      glycoprotein (alpha 2 SB glycoprotein) important for reticuloendothelial
      phagocytosis is described in various types of traumatic injuries, and the role of
      RES in relation to pulmonary insufficiency is finally summarized.

PMID- 386679
TI  - Gonadotropin-release upon intravenous administration of a long-acting analogue of
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in females with increased plasma-androgens.
AB  - D-Ser-(TBU)3-EA10-LH-RH, an analogue of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH
      RH) with prolonged action evokes in normal male and female subjects a
      qualitatively different secretory pattern of LH, as peak levels are reached
      between 30 and 60 min in males and between 120 and 240 min in females. Females
      with increased production of adrenal androgens due to congenital adrenal
      hyperplasia (off substitution therapy; N=8), idiopathic hirsutism (N=1) and
      adrenocortical carcinoma (N=2) present upon the administration of the LH-RH
      analogue with a secretory pattern of LH and FSH which is qualitatively identical
      with that of normal female subjects, whereas the response of LH in these patients
      differs from that seen in normal males. Pre-treatment with dexamethasone did not
      induce any qualitative changes in the secretory response of LH and FSH upon the
      LH-RH-analogue in patients with increased endogenous production of adrenal
      androgens. A larger pool and/or a more pronounced de novosynthesis of LH, which
      apparently is not altered by increased levels of adrenal andorgens, may be the
      cause of the more pronounced and prolonged increase of LH in female subjects
      following the administration of the LH-RH-analogue.

PMID- 386680
TI  - Inhibitory effects on gonadotrophin secretion and gonadal function in men during
      chronic treatment with a potent stimulatory luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      analogue.
AB  - Long-term treatment with the potent and long-acting stimulatory luteinizing
      hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) analogue D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LRH was given to 4
      healthy men to study its effects on pituitary gonadotropin secretion and gonadal
      function. Five micrograms of the LRH agonist was self-administered sc once daily
      over 17 weeks. Weekly basal blood samples were obtained for determination of
      follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolacting (PRL)
      and testosterone. The gonadotrophin responses to the LRH analogue were also
      determined during the treatment period. LRH tests were performed after treatment.
      Seminal fluid specimens were collected during and after treatment. A reduction of
      the basal serum gonadotrophin and testosterone levels were observed during the
      treatment period. The FSH and LH responses to the analogue were also diminished.
      After discontinuation of treatment the gonadotrophin and testosterone
      concentrations returned to pre-treatment levels within a week. The PRL levels and
      the seminal fluid specimens did not show any significant changes during the study
      period. The results suggest that chronic treatment with D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LRH has
      an inhibitory effect on the pituitary gonadotrophin secretion in healthy men. It
      seems likely that the reduced testosterone level is secondary to the diminished
      gonadotrophin secretion.

PMID- 386681
TI  - Effects of active and passive immunization with LH-RH on gonadotrophin secretion
      and reproductive function in female rats.
AB  - In order to get information about the physiological role played by LH-RH in the
      regulation of tonic and phasic secretion of gonadotrophins, and about the
      existence of FSH-RH distinct from LH-RH, we attempted to neutralize endogenous LH
      RH by passive and active immunization with LH-RH in female rats. Anti-LH-RH serum
      prevented pre-ovulatory gonadotrophin surges at proestrus and ovulation, and it
      suppressed gonadotrophin increase induced by oestradiol benzoate or progesterone
      in ovariectomized rats. Elevated serum gonadotrophin concentrations in long-term
      ovariectomized rats were lowered by anti-LH-RH serum injection. The decrease in
      FSH levels was less than that in LH levels. Serum FSH rose without significant
      changes in serum LH level for 6 h after ovariectomy on pro-oestrus or dioestrus.
      The post-ovariectomy rise of FSH was not suppressed by the anti-LH-RH serum which
      was enought to inhibit serum LH to undetectable levels. Active immunization with
      LH-RH resulted in decreasing LH levels but failed to alter FSH levels in both
      serum and pituitary. Seven out of 10 rats immunized with LH-RH became constantly
      di-oestrous. The weights of anterior pituitary, ovary and uterus of the LH-RH
      immunized rats were significantly smaller than those of BSA immunized controls.
      Ovaries of LH-RH immunized rats contained few fresh corpora lutea. These results
      indicate that LH-RH plays a significant role in the control of both plastic and
      tonic secretion of LH and FSH. The existence of FSH-RH distinct from LH-RH or
      mechanism which specially controls the basal FSH secretion is indicated.

PMID- 386682
TI  - LH and testosterone release in developing bulls following LH-RH treatment. Effect
      of gonadectomy and chronic testosterone propionate pre-treatment.
AB  - LH and testosterone release after LH-RH treatment was studied in male calves from
      1 week to 8 months of age. Total LH release, LH peak values and duration of the
      discharge increased from 1 week to 4 months of age by 406, 453 and 110%,
      respectively. Significant decreases of 54, 48 and 24% were observed at 6 months
      of age compared to 4 months of age. This was followed by steep increases in those
      variables of 344, 129 and 69% at 8 months compared to 4 months. A testosterone
      response following an LH increase was first seen at 4 months of age when a weak
      discharge occurred in 2 out of 5 calves. In older calves strong and LH-correlated
      testosterone responses were always observed. In a second experiment the LH
      response to LH-RH was studied in 6 months old calves castrated 2 months
      previously. The total LH response was 61% greater than in intact controls. When
      animals were castrated and pre-treated briefly with testosterone propionate the
      response was increased by 183% and the time to reach the LH peak was increased by
      360%. From these and other results a synthesis of endocrine events during the
      first year of life is proposed. In particular it seems that the period between 4
      and 8 months of age is crucial since interactions between steroid feedback and
      pituitary sensitivity to LH-RH change and eventually reach an equilibrium.

PMID- 386683
TI  - Dynamic changes in hypothalamic LH-RH levels associated with the ovarian steroid
      induced gonadotrophin surge.
AB  - Pro-oestrous-type LH surges were induced by treating ovariectomized rats (day 0)
      with either oestradiol benzoate (OeB, 40 micrograms/rat) or oestrogen (10
      micrograms/rat followed by progesterone (4 mg/rat, day 2, OeBP). To characterize
      the temporal changes associated with the LH surge on day 2, LH-RH levels in the
      medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) and the pre-optic area (POA) were analyzed by RIA
      in rats sacrified at hourly intervals between 10.00--19.00 h. Following these
      treatments the LH-RH content of POA fluctuated somewhat but no definite pattern
      was observed. In OeB rats, the MBH LH-RH levels were unchanged through the
      initial LH surge period (13.00--15.00 h) declining significantly, as in the OeBP
      group, near the end of the surge period (19:00 h). However, in OeBP rats, the MBH
      LH-RH contents decreased at 14.00 h and these were followed by markedly elevated
      levels between 15.00--17.00 h coincident with maximal increments in serum LH. The
      OeBP group alone showed a surge of serum FSH.

PMID- 386684
TI  - Effect of rapid variation of renal function on plasma calcitonin and parathyroid
      hormone in man.
AB  - Plasma levels of immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT) and parathyroid hormone (iPTH)
      have been measured sequentially in 6 patients following successful renal
      transplantation (RT) and in 3 patients during the recovery phase of acute renal
      failure (ARF). iCT and iPTH returned to normal values within a few days when
      glomerular filtration improved; both hormones rose in cases of acute graft
      rejection. Unlike iPTH iCT did not follow closely the variations of creatinine,
      iCT even rising before creatinine in one graft rejection. These observations
      could possibly be explained by a dissociation between the renal metabolism of iCT
      and the glomerular filtration.

PMID- 386685
TI  - Inhibitory effect of somatostatin on insulin secretion during alpha-adrenergic
      blockade in three different species.
AB  - It has recently been suggested from experiments in dogs that somatostatin
      suppresses insulin release via a stimulation of the inhibitory alpha
      adrenoceptors of the pancreatic B-cell. The effect of somatostatin on insulin
      secretion during alpha-adrenergic blockade with phentolamine was therefore
      studied in three different species; the rat, the cat and the mouse. It was found
      that somatostatin significantly depressed insulin release during alpha
      adrenoceptor blockade in all three species. In the rat, infusion of somatostatin
      at a dose of 0.3 microgram/kg/min decreased basal plasma insulin concentration by
      92%. In the presence of phentolamine, the same dose of somatostatin lowered
      plasma insulin by 85%. In the cat, a similar infusion of somatostatin lowered
      basal plasma insulin concentration by 87%, but its depressive effect during alpha
      adrenergic blockade was comparatively less pronounced (68%) than in the rat. In
      the mouse, a single iv injection of somatostatin induced a short-lasting
      depression of plasma insulin concentration during alpha-adrenergic blockade. From
      these results it seems unlikely that somatostatin should inhibit insulin release
      simply by stimulation of alpha-adrenoceptors on the B-cell. It cannot be ruled
      out, however, that a more complex interaction exists between somatostatin and the
      sympatho-adrenal system with regard to the control of insulin secretion.

PMID- 386687
TI  - A possible role of corpora lutea with regard to oestrogen-induced changes in
      pituitary responsiveness to LH-RH.
AB  - The effect of oestradiol benzoate (OeB; 3 micrograms sc) on LH-RH-induced LH
      secretory responses was investigated in: (1) long-term ovariectomized (OVX) rats;
      (2) intact (i.e. sham-OVX) and 24 h-OVX persistent oestrous (PO) rats (intact PO
      rats do not possess corpora lutea); (3) intact and 24 h-OVX cyclic (dioestrous)
      rats (intact cyclic rats possess "not-activated" corpora lutea), and (4) intact
      and 24 h-OVX phase-2-pseudopregnant (phase-2-PSP) rats (phase 2 of PSP lasts from
      day 2 to day 10. Experiments were performed on days 7--8. Intact phase-2-PSP rats
      possess "activated" corpora lutea). A "positive" effect of OeB was observed in:
      (1) long-term OVX rats; (2) intact and 24 h-OVX PO rats; (3) 24 h-OVX cyclic rats
      and (4) 24 h-OVX phase-2-PSP rats. In intact cyclic and phase-2-PSP rats OeB was
      completely ineffective. From these observations it is concluded that only in the
      absence of corpora lutea OeB can exert a "positive" effect on LH-RH-induced LH
      secretory responses. Ovariectomy alone, however, may have a negative impact on LH
      RH-induced LH-secretory responses. This holds for PO- and phase-3-PSP rats (phase
      3 of PSP begins once the corpora lutea come to lysis, i.e. on or shortly before
      day 10, and lasts until the end of PSP), but not for phase-2-PSP rats. In cyclic
      rats, on the other hand, ovariectomy performed on dioestrus-1 "only" interferes
      with the normal development of pituitary responsiveness to LH-RH and this can be
      nullified by OeB. Our observations suggest that (1) relatively long-acting
      products of corpora lutea "stabilize" (phase-2-PSP rats), c.q. limit the (almost
      certainly oestrogen-dependent) development of pituitary responsiveness to LH-RH
      (cyclic and phase-3-PSP rats); (2) in ovariectomized rats the influence of these
      products vanishes and that (3) this results in a situation in which OeB can
      become effective. It is also suggested that in the course of the ovulatory cycle
      and phase 3 of PSP a similar disappearance of corpora luteal products occurs
      "spontaneously" as a result of the process of luteolysis with as a consequence
      that the pituitary responsiveness to LH-RH, under the influence of endogenous
      oestrogens, develops continuously until, on pro-oestrus, an LH-surge occurs.
      Evidence is presented that the corpora luteal products, postulated in this paper,
      are not identical to progesterone.

PMID- 386686
TI  - LH-secretory responses caused by continuous infusion of LH-RH in pseudopregnant
      rats.
AB  - The LH-secretory response (LH-S.R.), caused by (standard) infusion of LH-RH, was
      estimated throughout pseudopregnancy (PSP) as well as on dioestrus - 1 and - 2 of
      the 4-day oestrous cycle. The LH-S.R. was judged according to 3 parameters: (1)
      mean maximal plasma LH concentration ("height", expressed in ng LH-RP-1/ml
      plasma), (2) mean area under the curve (AUC, expressed in "area units"), and (3)
      a composite, dimensionless, parameter: RQ ("response quotient"), defined as
      height/AUC. This latter parameter informs on the shape of the curve. The LH
      S.R.'s on day 1 of PSP and dioestrus-1 were both relatively low (about 350 ng LH
      RP-1/ml plasma) and characterized by the same RQ about 12). On days 2, 5, 7 and 9
      of PSP the LH-S.R.'s were essentially the same and appeard to have
      characteristics of the LH-S.R.'s of both PSP-1 and dioestrus-1 (RQ) and dioestrus
      2 (height; about 1000 ng LH-RP-1/ml plasma). From day 10 on the LH-S.R.'s became
      increasingly higher (PSP 11: about 1900 ng LH-RP-1/ml plasma; PSP 12: about 3300
      ng LH-RP-1/ml plasma) and steeper (RQ equals about 22). At the end of PSP the
      spontaneous LH-surges were measured. These appeared to be very high if compared
      to those which are generated in 4-day cyclic rats (about 5800 ng LH-RP-1/ml
      plasma). The results indicate that a period of PSP is not simply an ovulatory
      cycle of which the dioestrous phase is extended by about a week and it is
      suggested that "active" corpora lutea secrete, next to progesterone, substances
      which play a key role in the regulation of the secretion of LH in the course of
      PSP.

PMID- 386688
TI  - Suppression of prolactin secretion by lisuride throughout the menstrual cycle and
      in hyperprolactinaemic menstrual disorders.
AB  - Normally menstruating volunteers as well as patients with hyperprolactinaemic
      menstrual disorders were treated with lisuride hydrogen maleate (200 micrograms
      b.i.d.), an ergoline derivative with dopaminergic properties. Within 3 h after an
      oral dose of 200 micrograms lisuride, PRL levels decreased significantly in all
      subjects to a plateau which lasted up to 3 h. Thereafter a gradual increase of
      serum PRL was noted. In the normally menstruating volunteers lisuride treatment
      did not result in any significant change of gonadotrophin or of sex steroid
      secretion, while both, basal as well as metoclopramide (MTCL) stimulated PRL
      release were significantly diminished. The inhibition of PRL secretion in
      patients with short luteal phases resulted in an increase of luteal progesterone
      output. In both treated groups ovulation occurred 1 to 5 days earlier in cycles
      on lisuride than in control cycles. LF-RH/MTCL tests performed in the patient
      bearing a pituitary prolactinoma before and after lisuride treatment revealed a
      continuous increase of pituitary LH pools, while PRL secretion decreased under
      lisuride therapy. Subsequently ovulation and menstruation occurred. The data
      presented demonstrate that lisuride is a potent inhibitor of PRL secretion and
      has proven its clinical usefulness for treatment of hyperprolactinaemic menstrual
      disorders. Application of lisuride resulted in an increase of luteal progesterone
      secretion in previously demonstrated corpus luteum insufficiency as well as in
      restoration of normal cyclical feedback mechanisms in tumorous
      hyperprolactinaemic anovulation. The MTCL-PRL stimulation test is suitable to
      monitor PRL suppression during lisuride treatment, while LH-RH testing reveals
      the effectiveness of lisuride by demonstrating an increase of pituitary
      gonadotrophin pools.

PMID- 386689
TI  - [Presence of antisinusoid antibodies in alcoholic hepatitis. Its probable
      pathogenic implications].
AB  - In nine patients with histological diagnosis of alcoholic hepatitis, in-situ
      deposition of autologous immunoglobulins (IgG, Iga, IgM) were investigated by
      inmmuno fluorescent techniques (IF). In three patients a linear fluorescent
      pattern was seen on the sinusoidal walls. The bound inmunoglobulins could be
      eluted by treatment with low pH buffers. In the same patients circulating
      antibodies against liver structures were investigated by indirect IF using normal
      murine or human liver as targets. In the same patients showing bound
      immunoglobulins in their liver, curculating antibodies against human sinusoids
      and not against murine liver could be found. On the basis of these findings the
      probable pathogenetic role of immune mechanism in alcoholic liver damage is
      discussed.

PMID- 386690
TI  - [Effect of hypoxia on gastric secretion of hypovolemic rats].
AB  - Gastric secretion was checked in two groups of rats with pyloric ligature and
      experimental hypovolemia subjecting one of the groups to acute hypoxia; in this
      group there was significant decrease in volume, acid and pepsin secretion and
      potassium concentration in gastric contents. In gastric mucosa pepsinogen was
      increased. We wish to emphasise in these changes, the importance of water and
      hypoxia in electrolytic balance.

PMID- 386691
TI  - [Comparative study of the gastric response in rats with pyloric ligation --
      normovolemic rats and rats made hypovolemic by acute hemorrhage -- subjected to
      hypoxia].
AB  - Gastric secretion was studied in two groups of rats in which pyloric ligature was
      made according to Dai's method. Both groups were put in a hypopressure chamber.
      One of the groups was normovolemic. The other group was made hypovolemic by acute
      bleeding. The following parameters were checked in gastire contents: volumen,
      acid and pepsin secretion, U.P./g. of stomach, chloride, potassium and sodium; in
      gastric mucosa total U.P. and pepsinogen concentration were measured. In the rats
      subjected to acute hypovolemia and hypoxia it was found a significant decrease in
      acid secretion, chloride and potassium mEq/1; there were no statistically
      significant changes in volume, pepsin secretion; U.P./g. of stomach and sodium
      mEq/1. Total U. P. and U.P./. of stomach increased in the gastirc mucosa.

PMID- 386693
TI  - [Studies on bone marrow transplantation. The effect of antilymphocyte globulin
      (ALG) on hemopoietic stem cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 386692
TI  - [Evaluation of the gonadotropin reserve during the menstrual cycle. Abscence of
      response to FSH and LH-RH in the postovulation phase].

PMID- 386694
TI  - [Studies on bone marrow transplantation--possible application of bone marrows
      from cadavers to transplantation--(1) viability of hemopoietic precursors in
      marrows from murine cadavers (author's transl)].

PMID- 386695
TI  - [Effect of aspirin on prostacyclin production (author's transl)].

PMID- 386696
TI  - Islet preserving measures in pancreatic surgery.

PMID- 386697
TI  - Efficient treatment of gastric ulcer with proglumide (Milid) in outpatients
      (double blind trial).
AB  - Eleven male and five female gastric ulcer outpatients as well as twenty eight
      male and seven female duodenal ulcer outpatients received Proglumide (1200
      mg/day) or magnesiumtrisilicate (1320 mg/day) in a prospective double blind
      study. The sizes of the ulcers were assessed by endoscopy before and after 4
      weeks therapy. A complete healing of gastric ulcers was observed in 75% (n = 8)
      of the patients receiving Proglumide and 25% (n = 8) of the antacid treated
      controls (p less than 0.05; x2 test). The healed area was significantly (p less
      than 0.05) larger in the Proglumide 91 mm2) than in the anticida group (23 mm2).
      In addition, the half time of the ulcer-healing was significantly (p less than
      0.05) shorter in the Proglumide treated patients (18 days and 26 days
      respectively). There was no significant effect of the drug on the duodenal
      ulcers. The spontaneous healing rate was 61% in the antacid (n = 18) and 59% in
      the Proglumide treated (n = 17) patients. The drug does not effect the basal and
      pentagastrin stimulated gastric secretion nor the serum gastrin concentration. No
      side effects on blood pressure, blood cell count, transaminases or blood glucose
      concentrations could be observed.

PMID- 386698
TI  - Double blind comparison between cimetidine and gefarnate in cases of duodenal
      ulcer.
AB  - Thirty outpatients suffering from duodenal ulcer of recent onset were given
      cimetidine 1 g/day or gefarnate 250 mg/day for 6 weeks in a double blind trial,
      randomly balances between the groups. Endoscopic assessment was carried out at 4
      and 6 weeks; patients healed after 4 weeks were withdrawn from the trial. In all
      parameters considered, cimetidine showed a highly significant difference. The
      healing rate at 4--6 weeks was 67--93% after cimetidine treatment and 27--53%
      after gefarnate treatment. The effect of cimetidine on the disappearance of
      symptoms, mainly the nocturnal ulcer pain, and on antacid consumption was greater
      than that after medication wity gefarnate. After 4--6 weeks of a full dose
      cimetidine regimen, both basal and pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion
      were reduced and peptone meal stimulated serum gastrin increased; the basal
      gastrinaemia remained unchanged.

PMID- 386699
TI  - Hormonal control of gastric emptying.

PMID- 386700
TI  - Scleroderma-heart and conduction disturbances.
AB  - Disturbances of impulse formation and conduction may arise in the early stage of
      scleroderma, as a sign of cardiac involvement, termed "scleroderma heart". The
      incidence of various intraventricular conduction disturbances and their
      association with other disorders of cardiac rhythm were analysed in 193
      scleroderma-patients by age. The presence of ventricular conduction abnormalities
      was found to carry an increased hazard of the production of disorders of
      atrioventricular conduction and of abnormal impulse formation. The patients were
      also followed up for deviation of the R axis in the frontal plane. Septal
      hypertrophy was found more frequently in patients with intraventricular
      conduction disturbances than in those free from disorders of this type.

PMID- 386701
TI  - Lymphokine activity in the aqueous humour and in the subretinal fluid in various
      ophthalmic diseases.
AB  - The aqueous humour and the subretinal fluid were studied for migration-inhibition
      factor (MIF) activity by the capillary migration technique. The retrospective
      conclusions are based on the results obtained with 15-fold dilutions of aqueous
      humour and subretinal fluid of 12 patients. Under the conditions of the
      experiment a MIF activity over 30% was regarded as indicative of an active cell
      mediated immune reaction. In case of a lower activity, the process was in general
      amenable to local treatment. In the light of further clinical observations, study
      of MIF activity is likely to prove a useful indicator of the local immune status
      and to provide therapeutic guidelines in various syndromes. In retinal detachment
      due to inflammatory uveitis it may furnish clues to the optimum time for surgery.

PMID- 386702
TI  - The origin of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in human gastric juice.
AB  - In order to answer the question whether acid alpha 1-glycoprotein (AGP) is
      produced by the healthy human gastric mucosa, column chromatography of
      neutralized, pooled, and papain digested normal human gastric juice was performed
      on DEAE-cellulose using Varigrad NaCl elution gradients. Four glycoprotein
      fractions were obtained, one of which (fraction III) contained AGP. Its antibody
      raised in rabbits did not give immunofluorescence with any of the cells of the
      human gastric mucosa, only a reaction with AGP located in the intercellular
      spaces of gastric glands. These results indicate the extragastric origin of AGP,
      probably from serum.

PMID- 386703
TI  - [Activated astrocytes and epileptogenic focus. Histoenzymology].
AB  - The author reports the discovery of an original entity, the activated astrocyte,
      which is an essential component and the first anatomical sign of the
      epileptogenic focus. The importance of the activated astrocyte is demonstrated by
      the fact that it is observed before the clinical signs appear and as soon as the
      first spikes are recorded on the electrocortigram. Cautious conclusions are
      drawn. The authors recognizes the essential role of the neurons and does not
      suggest that astrocytes are the cause of epilepsy. However, since astrocyte
      activation is observed before the first electrical signs announce the beginning
      of an epileptogenic focus, he suggests that activated astrocytes probably offer
      morphological evidence of certain mechanisms closely concerned in the formation
      of the epileptogenic focus. The metabolic activation of the astrocyte is not
      surprising, and is probably related to the increase in loco-regional metabolism
      due to neuronal hyperactivity, the starting point of epilepsy. It confirms
      current opinion, especially in biochemistry, on the importance of the glial cells
      in the neuronastrocyte association. This work opens up certain prospects. First,
      the significance of the activated astrocyte in the context of current
      biochemical, neuro-physiological and morphological studies of the glial
      compartment is a promising research field. Second, from the clinical angle, it is
      very important to be able to identify an epileptogenic gliosis on the basis of
      activated astrocytes. Used in conjunction with modern neuro-physiological
      techniques to locate the epileptogenic focus, the search for activated astrocytes
      in biopsy material obtained stereotactically should permit better detection of
      the affected area and thus ensure more successful surgery in cases of focal
      epilepsy resistant to medication.

PMID- 386704
TI  - Side effects of sodium valproate during long-term treatment in epilepsy.
AB  - Side effects of sodium valproate during long-term treatment have been evaluated
      retrospectively in 55 patients suffering from refactory epilepsy. The side
      effects discovered in the study were slight and transient. In three of the 55
      patients CNS side effects were noticed. Gastrointestinal symptoms were uncommon.
      One patient suffered from loss of hair which could have been attributed to sodium
      valproate. Severe side effects such as abnormal blood counts or organ damage were
      not discovered. The frequency of side effects was similar to those already
      reported in the literature except for gastrointestinal symptoms which were more
      infrequent than previously reported. No direct correlation could be established
      between the serum concentration of sodium valproate and the side effects.

PMID- 386705
TI  - Audiologic findings after stereotactic radiosurgery in nine cases of acoustic
      neurinomas.
AB  - Nine cases of acoustic neurinoma were treated by stereotactic radiosurgery
      between 1969 and 1974. The follow-up period can now be regarded as sufficiently
      long for a preliminary evaluation of the results. An arrest of growth or
      shrinkage of the tumour was observed in 8 of the 9 cases. In one case open
      surgery was performed 2 years after irradiation and histological examination
      showed regressive changes of the type expected after irradiation. Audiological
      examination revealed that in the majority of cases radiosurgery could be
      performed without causing serious damage to the hearing function. The average
      hearing loss present before treatment increased on average only 20.0 dB in the
      most successful 7 cases. None of the patients suffered facial nerve involvement.
      In small and medium-sized acoustic tumours this method offers a satisfactory
      therapeutic alternative worthy of consideration.

PMID- 386706
TI  - Usefulness and limits of GnRH test in boys with lack of sexual maturation.

PMID- 386707
TI  - Immunopathology of the glomerular changes in chronic pyelonephritis.
AB  - To investigate the presence of intraglomerular immunoprotein deposition in
      chronic pyelonephritis (CPN), 29 renal specimens from patients with various
      urological diseases were examined by immunofluorescence. The relationship between
      immunohistological findings and types of glomerular changes which were classified
      according to Heptinstall's criteria was studied. Only type 2 glomeruli, which
      were considered to be ischemic changes, demonstrated granular and globular
      depositions of IgM and C3 in the collapsed and solidified shrunken tufts. IgM was
      positive in 117 of 258 (45.3%), and C3 in 122 of 264 (46.2%) type 2 glomeruli.
      The distribution patterns of IgM and C3 were much the same. IgG and IgA were
      rarely observed and neither fibrinogen nor albumin was observed in the tufts of
      type 2 glomeruli. Normal glomeruli and other types of glomerular changes in CPN
      showed few or no intraglomerular immunoprotein deposition.

PMID- 386708
TI  - Some problems on the histopathological diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's malignant
      lymphoma -- a proposal of a new type.
AB  - A new classification for non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma is proposed as the one
      suited for the Lymphomas in Japan, which is to provide a new subtype
      "pleomorphic" for those more or less rapid-growing lymphomas of peripheral T-cell
      nature, along with another subtype lymphoblastic, after Nathwani et al. for those
      of central T-cell nature. The proposal is based on the result of the
      investigation by the Study Group for Histopathological Diagnosis on Malignant
      Lymphoma that (1) the presence of a significant number of T-cell lymphomas with
      peculiar "pleomorphism" is responsible for the very low reproducibility rate of
      histopathological diagnosis on the diffuse, mixed L&H type of Rappaport
      classification, and (2) the relative incidence of lymphoms as peripheral T-cell
      nature including the so-called adult T-cell leukemia is much higher in Japan than
      in the Western countries.

PMID- 386709
TI  - Generalized aspergillosis showing a granulomatous pattern.
AB  - An autopsy case of a very rare form of generalized aspergillosis with a prominent
      granulomatous pattern simulating sarcoidosis was presented. The patient was a
      forty-year-old Japanese female with a four years' clinical course. Kveim's test
      was positive. Multiple epithelioid cell granulomata as well as necrotizing and
      suppurative lesions were recognized in generalized lymph nodes, liver,
      epicardium, gall bladder, adrenals, kidneys and duodenal mucosa. Fungal elements
      in the epithelioid cell granulomata and necrotizing lesions were identified as
      Aspergillus by fluorescent antibody technique (indirect method). Predisposing
      factors for the generalized fungal infection could not be clarified in this case.
      There was neither underlying disease nor evident immunodeficiency state, so far
      as examined.

PMID- 386710
TI  - Resistance types in Escherichia coli. I. Occurrence and resistance to ampicillin,
      carbenicillin and cephalothin.
AB  - An investigation of the resistance types in lactose fermenting E. coli is
      presented. The frequency and sensitivity to beta-lactam antibiotics of different
      resistance types was investigated. The strains were divided into three groups
      according to sensitivity to penicillin derivatives. Group 1 contained the
      ampicillin-carbenicillin sensitive (A-s/Ca-s), group 2 the ampicillin resistant
      carbenicillin sensitive (A-r/Ca-s) and group 3 the ampicillin-carbenicillin
      resistant (A-r/Ca-r). A-s/Ca-r were not observed. One third of the A-r strains
      were sensitive to carbenicillin. The distribution of resistance types was
      different in the three groups. Group 1 was dominated by the usual sensitive E.
      coli. Group 3 contained a very high proportion of multiresistant types. The IC50
      against ampicillin, carbenicillin and cephalothin of 55 strains was determined.
      Group 3 (A-r/Ca-r, 25 strains) was much more ampicillin resistant than group 2 (A
      r/Ca-s, 16 strains). Group 2 was less sensitive to carbenicillin than group 1 (A
      s/Ca-s, 14 strains). Group 3 did not differ significantly from group 1 with
      respect to cephalothin sensitivity, while group 2 was much more resistant than
      the others.

PMID- 386711
TI  - Electron microscopy of treponemes subjected to the Treponema pallidum
      immobilization (TPI) test. II. Immunoelectron microscopy.
AB  - The experiments were carried out in order to investigate whether human IgG
      globulin is absorbed on to the surface of T. pallidum cells during incubation
      with human syphilis serum in the Treponema pallidum immobilization (TPI) test.
      Cells of T. pallidum Nichols subjected to the TPI test were further incubated
      with ferritin conjugated rabbit antihuman IgG globulin. Human IgG globulin could
      only be demonstrated on immunoimmobilized cells, i.e. cells incubated with human
      syphilis serum and unheated guinea pig serum (GPS). The surface of the swollen
      cells was completely covered by a fuzzy layer on to which the ferritin molecules
      appeared to be attached. In ultrathin sections of cells obtained from the same
      suspensions the surface of the outer cell membrane was outlined by ferritin
      molecules. In these cells a rather wide gap was observed between the outer
      membrane and the cytoplasmic membrane. The ribosomes seemed to have disappeared
      from the cytoplasm of the immunoimmobilized treponemes, but were present in
      motile cells obtained from control incubations.

PMID- 386712
TI  - Direct effects of Corynebacterium parvum and BCG on human monocyte-mediated
      tumour cell cytostasis in vitro.
AB  - Four strains of Corynebacterium parvum (Cp) and BCG induced low levels of
      cytostatic ability to a human tumour cell line in human monocytes when added
      directly to conventional monocyte cultures. The cytostatic ability induced by
      mediators from autologous lymphocytes stimulated with the same agents was greater
      than that produced by direct addition to monocytes. BCG was more efficient in
      stimulating lymphocyte DNA-synthesis and lymphokine release than any of the Cp
      strains tested. In order to test the influence of contaminating adherent
      lymphocytes on the direct induction of cytostasis, monocyte cultures of greater
      than 99.9% purity were prepared by adherence purification. Cp induced low levels
      of cytostatic ability in such highly purified monocytes when added directly to
      the monocytes. Addition of BCG and Candida albicans had an adverse effect on the
      cytostatic ability of purified monocytes. A morphological study of Cp interaction
      with purified monocytes was performed. Cp, but not BCG, would seem to be able to
      induce low levels of cytostatic ability in human monocytes without lympohcyte
      cooperation. Human monocyte activation by the more effective lymphokine pathway
      is more efficiently triggered in vitro by BCG than by Cp.

PMID- 386713
TI  - Characterization of heat eluates of human malignant tissues.
AB  - Eluates of 13 malignant and 17 normal tissues were prepared at 56 degrees C using
      the continuous flow technique. Albumin was detected in all the eluates. IgG, IgA,
      C3 or haptoglobin were detected in most of the malignant and some of the normal
      tissues. Carcinoembryonic antigen, beta 2-microglobulin, alpha 1-antitrypsin or
      alpha 1-antichymotrypsin were detected in some of the eluates of the malignant
      tissues only. IgM, IgD, C1q, C4, Cl-INH, alpha 1-macroglobulin, beta 2
      lipoprotein, fibrinogen and alpha 1-foetoprotein were not detected in any of the
      eluates. The ratio of the concentration of albumin to the concentration of IgG
      was similar in extracts and eluates of all the normal tissue and in 3 of the
      malignant tissues indicating non-specific binding of IgG.

PMID- 386714
TI  - Defective ion transport in diabetic mouse islet cells.

PMID- 386715
TI  - Symptom reduction in depression after treatment with L-tryptophan or imipramine.
      Item analysis of Hamilton rating scale for depression.
AB  - Thirty-eight in-patients with endogenous- and 20 in-patients with non-endogenous
      depression, took part in a multi-centre 3-week double-blind trial where patients
      were randomly allocated to treatment with either 6 g L-tryptophan or 150 mg
      imipramine daily. Item analysis of Hamilton ratings, before the investigation and
      weekly during the trial period demonstrated few statistically different mean
      scores on individual items between the two treatment groups. After 3 weeks'
      treatment a statistically significant item mean reduction on the 0.1% level was
      found in the item Agitation in favour of imipramine-treated, and in the item Work
      and Activities in favour of L-tryptophan-treated endogenously depressed patients.
      After 3 weeks' treatment a statistically significant item mean reduction on the
      5% level was found in the item Suicide in favour of imipramine-treated non
      endogenously depressed patients. The present study has shown that, after 3 weeks'
      treatment, imipramine and L-tryptophan has decreased the mean score on individual
      items of HRS in about the same degree.

PMID- 386716
TI  - Trends in suicide in Sweden 1749-1975.
AB  - Changes in the suicide rate in Sweden have been studied over the period 1749
      1975. It has risen from about 2 per 100,000 inhabitants at the middle of the 18th
      century to about 20 per 100,000 during the period 1971-1975. Thus a more than
      tenfold increase is evident. From the non-standardized figures a real and
      substantial increase can be demonstrated which becomes even more apparent after
      standardization. This increase is independent of variations in the age
      composition of the population. The increase has occurred in the younger age
      groups: between the ages of 20 and 35 years, i. e.during the most active years of
      life, suicide is the leading cause of death today. An account of legislative
      measures for suicide prevention during this period is also presented. There is
      considerable support for the assumption that the low suicide rate registered in
      Sweden up to the beginning of the 19th century was an effect of the powerful
      influence of religion over the population.

PMID- 386717
TI  - Tautomerism in pyridoxal phosphate and in enzymatic catalysis.

PMID- 386718
TI  - The nonprotein amino acids of plants.

PMID- 386720
TI  - Chiral methyl groups.

PMID- 386719
TI  - Creatine: biosynthesis, regulation, and function.

PMID- 386722
TI  - Mandelate racemase.

PMID- 386721
TI  - Biotransducers of membrane-mediated information.

PMID- 386723
TI  - Production of biologicals by plant cell cultures.
AB  - The biologicals currently produced from plants are generally low molecular weight
      chemicals such as drug compounds rather than high molecular weight compounds such
      as proteins. The reasons for considering a fermentation technology based on plant
      cell cultures have been described. The state of technology of plant cell cultures
      is sufficiently advanced to suggest that the major questions remaining are
      economic rather than primarily technical. Limited analysis of the economics of
      commercial production of biologicals by plant cell cultures shows that a
      commercial process is certainly feasible.

PMID- 386724
TI  - Immunological aspects of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 386725
TI  - Inquiries into the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes.

PMID- 386726
TI  - Beta cell dysfunction in maturity-onset diabetes: reversible loss of glucose
      induced insulin secretion with retention of response to arginine.

PMID- 386727
TI  - Effect of diet limitation on development of diabetes in non-hyperphagic
      prediabetic Chinese hamsters.

PMID- 386728
TI  - Differential response of insulin-dependent diabetics to infusions of bovine and
      highly-purified porcine insulins: a preliminary report.

PMID- 386729
TI  - Effect of the oral hypoglycemic agent pirogliride tartrate on insulin and
      glucagon secretion in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 386730
TI  - Gliclazide in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

PMID- 386731
TI  - Substitution of islet-cell function with "open-loop" insulin infusion systems.

PMID- 386732
TI  - Substitution of islet cell function by mechanical device: extracorporeal
      artificial pancreas.

PMID- 386733
TI  - Phosphate translocations during secretory stimulation of pancreatic islets.

PMID- 386734
TI  - Glucose-induced changes of the membrane potential of pancreatic B-cells: their
      significance for the regulation of insulin release.

PMID- 386735
TI  - Presentation of a film on the "Central effects of bradykinin".

PMID- 386736
TI  - Localization of glandular kallikreins and secretion of kallikrein from the major
      salivary glands of the rat.

PMID- 386737
TI  - The effect cystamine on gastric secretion in the rat.
AB  - The effects of cystamine on gastric secretion were studied in conscious and
      anaesthetized rat preparations. In the conscious gastric fistula rat cystamine
      inhibited the basal acid output but increased pepsin output. This pepsinogogue
      action was inhibited by both atropine and metiamide. In the anaesthetized rat
      cystamine stimulated gastric acid output, an effect blocked by cimetidine which
      had an inhibitory E.D. 50 which was not significantly different from that
      obtained against histamine-stimulated secretion in this preparation. Atropine at
      high doses failed to inhibit the response. Depletion of mast cell histamine by
      compound 48/80 the secretory response to cystamine. In the light of these results
      possible mechanisms of action for the secretagogue effects of cystamine are
      discussed.

PMID- 386739
TI  - Rabbit lung microsomes: a rapid method for assaying simultaneously drug effects
      on thromboxane and prostacyclin synthesis.
AB  - A radiochemical method is described which allows simultaneous determination of
      the in vitro effects of chemical substances on thromboxane and prostacyclin
      synthesis. The method utilizes the capacity of a combination of bovine seminal
      vesicle microsomes (BSVM) and rabbit lung microsomes (TbLM) to transform
      arachidonic acid into TXB2, 12-hydroxy-heptadecatrienoic acid (HHT), 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha (6K-PGF1 alpha), PGF2 alpha, and PGE2 in the ratio of
      1:0.80:0.63:0.13:0.05, respectively. Imidazole and burimamide, and to some degree
      also dipyridamole and L8027, were found to be selective thromboxane inhibitors.
      The preferential alternative pathways following thromboxane inhibition with these
      drugs were towards PGE2 and PGF2 alpha, and the algebraic sum of arachidonic acid
      metabolism was not affected by imidazole and burimamide. The assay is a
      convenient method for identification of drugs which interfere with specific
      pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism.

PMID- 386738
TI  - The role of prostaglandins in experimental ocular inflammations.
AB  - Intraocular inflammations (uveitis) were produced in rabbits by intravitreal
      injection of killed and dried Mycobacterium butyricum or E. coli endotoxin, or
      paracentesis of the anterior chamber. The increase in permeability of the blood
      aqueous barrier and the leucocyte migration into the aqueous humor were observed
      after these stimuli, although the leucocyte did not migrate after paracentesis.
      Topically applied indomethacin reduced these inflammatory parameters in the
      latter two models. However, ththacin, though the leucocyte was not affected by
      indomethacin, though the leucocyte migration was reduced. On the other hand,
      prostaglandin-like substances in thces of these substances were detected in the
      former model. These results indicated that, unlike the increase in the
      permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier after endotoxin injection
      andparacentesis, the response after M. butyricum injection is not mediated by
      prostaglandins. The role of prostaglandins in the leucocyte migration in these
      ocular inflammations was also discussed.

PMID- 386740
TI  - The role of thromboxane A2 in endotoxin-induced aggregation of guinea-pig
      platelets in vitro.
AB  - Large concentrations of endotoxin lipopolysaccharides (LPS) E. coli O127:B8 and
      E. coli O26:B6 were needed for induction of platelet aggregation in citrated
      platelet rich plasma (PRP) from normal guinea-pigs. When guinea-pigs were
      actively immunized with LPS E. coli O127:B8 their PRP became more sensitive to
      the aggregatory effects of this type of LPS. The increase in sensitivity was
      rather selective since the responses to ADP and LPS E. coli O26:B6 remained
      unchanged. In endotoxin-stimulated PRP from normal guinea-pigs thromboxane A2
      (TXA2) was not detectable by bioassay. Thus biosynthesis of TXA2 seemed to be of
      little importance in endotoxin-induced platelet responses in normal citrate PRP.
      LPS E. coli O127:B8, but not LPS E. coli O26:B6, was a potent inducer of the
      biosynthesis of TXA2 in sensitized PRP. Under those conditions endotoxin-induced
      aggregation seemed to be dependent on the endogenous biosynthesis of TXA2 by the
      platelets.

PMID- 386742
TI  - Vascular prostacyclin activity during the development of experimental venous
      thrombosis in rats.

PMID- 386741
TI  - Platelet adhesion and aggregation in arteries of rats, rabbits and guinea pigs in
      vivo and in vitro correlate negatively with their prostacyclin (PG I2)
      production.

PMID- 386743
TI  - The pain enhancing effect of PGI2.

PMID- 386744
TI  - Alteration of leucocyte adherence by prostaglandin E2.

PMID- 386745
TI  - Modulation of granulomatous inflammation by prostaglandin E. Involvement of
      mononuclear cells.
AB  - The effects of exogenous PGE, administered locally to carrageenan sponge-induced
      granulomata in rats, have been studied in relation to changes in PGE-like
      material (PGL) and cell counts in exudates. Levels of PGL achieved a peak within
      24h, declining thereafter. Administration of PGE during the acute phase led to
      irregular slight enhancement of subsequent granuloma formation. In contrast,
      administration of exogenous PGE to pre-formed granuloma, inhibited its formation.
      The early administration of PGE1, on day 1, inhibited mononuclear cell counts in
      24h exudates. This inhibition was still present in 8 day exudates, together with
      reduced PGL levels. A significant correlation was also observed between
      phagocytosing macrophages and PGL levels in 8 day exudates after exogenous PGE1
      treatment of pre-formed granuloma, suggesting that the exogenous PGE was
      inhibiting macrophage function, including PGL production. Further studies are
      necessary to establish whether the observed pharmacological effects indicate that
      PGE, released during granulomatous inflammation, modulates the process through
      actions on infiltrating leucocytes.

PMID- 386746
TI  - Cardiovascular changes in infectious diseases.

PMID- 386747
TI  - [In memory of Gino Bergami and Giuseppe Marinaccio].

PMID- 386748
TI  - Speech pathologist's role in cerebral palsy.

PMID- 386749
TI  - Infant botulism.

PMID- 386750
TI  - Abnormal mitral valve motion associated with ventricular septal defect following
      acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - It is often difficult to make the clinical distinction between acute mitral
      regurgitation caused by papillary muscle dysfunction or rupture and ventricular
      septal defect complicating an acute myocardial infarction. A case of a patient
      with rapidly progressive congestive heart failure and a loud murmur is presented.
      Echocardiography strongly suggested the presence of a flail posterior mitral
      leaflet. However, the patient was subsequently found to have rupture of the
      interventricular septum. This diagnosis was made with bedside right heart
      catheterization and was later confirmed by left ventriculography and direct
      inspection at the time of surgery. The mitral valve apparatus was completely
      normal. Thus this case demonstrates the apparent lack of specificity of the
      accepted echocardiographic criteria for flail mitral leaflet and acutely ruptured
      interventricular septum, and the potential necessity of cardiac catheterization
      to distinguish between these entities.

PMID- 386751
TI  - Low renin hypertension: a current review of definitions and controversies.

PMID- 386752
TI  - Prevention of ventricular rhythm disturbances in patients with acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 386753
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of the new beta-adrenergic blocking drugs. Part 7. New
      horizons in beta-adrenoceptor blockade therapy: labetalol.

PMID- 386754
TI  - Endorphins--the first three years.

PMID- 386755
TI  - Dr. Gerald D. Timmons is dead at 80.

PMID- 386756
TI  - Dentistry: a dull profession?

PMID- 386757
TI  - Notes from the Dean's desk: Dr. Howard Riley Raper.

PMID- 386758
TI  - Dr. Standish plays key role in forensic dentistry.

PMID- 386759
TI  - William A. Steiger 1938-1978.

PMID- 386760
TI  - Report on carcinogenesis bioassay of 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB).
AB  - In a carcinogenesis bioassay of the brominated hydrocarbon 1,2-dibromoethane
      (also called ethylene dibromide or EDB), a gasoline and antiknock additive and
      soil and grain fumigant, oral administration by stomach tube caused cancers in
      rats and mice. In both sexes of both species, EDB induced squamous cell
      carcinomas of the forestomach. Blood vessel cancers in male rats, liver cancers
      in female rats, and lung cancers in male and female mice also were attributed to
      EDB dosage.

PMID- 386762
TI  - Significance of spasm in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease.

PMID- 386761
TI  - Role of vasoconstrictor mechanisms in the control of left ventricular performance
      of the normal and damaged heart.
AB  - The effect on the left ventricle of changes in the state of the arterial
      vasculature is best identified by utilizing calculations of pulsatile rather than
      steady flow phenomena. Impedance is the most satisfactory term to describe this
      effect. The normal ventricle compensates for changes in impedance largely by
      changes in preload, but the damaged heart loses this compensatory ability and its
      stroke volume becomes inversely related to outflow resistance. Patients with
      heart failure behave in a similar fashion and pharmacologic vasodilation may
      induce marked improvement in left ventricular pump function. Inappropriate
      vasoconstriction in heart failure may result from stimulation of the sympathetic
      or renin-angiotensin system. Early experience with converting enzyme inhibitors
      suggests that blockade of the formation of angiotensin II may be a useful means
      of treating some patients with heart failure.

PMID- 386763
TI  - Inappropriate coronary vasoconstriction in patients with coronary artery disease:
      a role for nifedipine?
AB  - Coronary arterial vasoconstriction, well recognized in Prinzmetal's variant
      angina, may participate in the pathogenesis of classic angina as well. Several
      recent studies in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease suggest that
      apparently spontaneous reductions in coronary blood flow can result in myocardial
      ischemia and even infarction. Evidence supporting the alpha adrenergic nervous
      system as a cause of such coronary vasoconstriction is reviewed, particularly the
      results of provocative testing with the cold pressor stimulus. Upon exposure of
      the skin to cold, patients with coronary artery disease demonstrate an
      inappropriate coronary vasoconstrictor response, often sufficient to produce
      angina. Normal patients, by contrast, show no change in coronary vascular
      resistance. In patients with a diseases coronary circulation, inappropriate
      vasoconstriction further restricts myocardial perfusion and appears to be little
      affected by beta adrenergic blocking agents or nitrates in the usual dosages.
      Nifedipine has proved effective in preventing coronary arterial spasm in patients
      with Prinzmetal's angina. Studies currently in progress suggest that it is also
      effective in blocking inappropriate coronary vasoconstriction in patients with
      typical angina. Nifedipine may thus be a useful addition to the treatment of
      ischemic heart disease.

PMID- 386764
TI  - The future clinical role of nifedipine.

PMID- 386765
TI  - Coronary pressor reflexes.
AB  - The heart differs from other cardiovascular reflexogenic structures because it
      has two prominent inputs to the central nervous system. On input is spinal and is
      mediated by afferent cardiac sympathetic nerve fibers. The other is medullary and
      is mediated by afferent vagal fibers. The number of fibers projecting centrally
      appears to be similar in the two systems. The reflex effects produced by
      excitation of the two inputs are complicated and can be either pressor or
      depressor. However, reflex pressor effects seem to be more prominant for the
      spinal input and reflex depressor effects more prominent for the medullary input.

PMID- 386767
TI  - Positive feedback sympathetic reflexes and hypertension.
AB  - A pressor reflex that can be elicited from the thoracic aorta in conscious dogs
      is described. Distension of the aorta excites sympathetic afferent fibers and
      results in an increase in arterial blood pressure because of increased
      sympathetic outflow to the heart and blood vessels. The reflex center for this
      positive feedback mechanism is located in the spinal cord and, when the reflex is
      activated, it can modulate other negative feedback control systems.

PMID- 386766
TI  - Anatomic and physiologic considerations of a cardiogenic hypertensive
      chemoreflex.

PMID- 386768
TI  - Cardiac receptors: normal and disturbed function.
AB  - Widely distributed throughout the heart is a network of fibers connected to the
      medullary cardiovascular centers by nonmedullated vagal afferent fibers. When the
      traffic in these fibers is interrupted by vagal cooling, and the input from the
      arterial baroreceptors is prevented, the arterial blood pressure increases. Thus,
      these receptors act to inhibit tonically the vasomotor center. The receptors in
      the atria alter their rate of discharge with changes in atrial transmural
      pressure and contractility and are most active during end-inspiration and early
      expiration when the transmural pressure is maximal. The receptors in the
      ventricles respond to changes in ventricular end-diastolic pressure (preload), to
      the pressure generated during systole (afterload) and to changes in ventricular
      contractility. The cardiac mechanoreceptors have an equal or greater effect on
      the renal bed than the arterial mechanoreceptors and this effect is enhanced by
      hypercapnia. In animals, the cardiac mechanoreceptors have less control of the
      muscle vessels than the arterial mechanoreceptors, but the reverse is true in
      man. Both the cardiac and arterial mechanoreceptors can modulate the output of
      renin from the kidney, but the cardiac mechanoreceptors are more sensitive to
      small changes in blood volume. During coronary occlusion, in association with the
      bulging of the ischemic myocardium, the rate of discharge of these cardiac
      receptors is greatly increased.

PMID- 386769
TI  - Cardiac reflexes in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - Characteristics of left atrial receptors were studied in normotensive control
      (Wistar) and spontenaously hypertensive rats. The left atrial pressure was
      chronically elevated in spontaneously hypertensive rats and at the end of the
      expiratory phase was 10.3 mm Hg as compared with 4.6 mm Hg in normotensive
      control rats. The thresholds of the receptor endings were twice as high in the
      hypertensive as in the normotensive rats (10.2 and 4.6 mm Hg, respectively). In
      other experiments the reflex inhibition of renal sympathetic outflow was studied
      during plasma infusion in baroreceptor denervated normotensive and hypertensive
      rats was was inhibited at a lower left atrial pressure in the former. These
      differences are attirubted to decreased distensibility of the left atrium in
      spotaneously hypertensive rats. The reflex splanchnic nerve inhibition with
      volume load also was recorded in awake rats. At a 10 percent increase in blood
      volume, splanchnic outflow was more significantly decreased in spotaneously
      hypertensive than in normotensive rats. The mechanism underlying such a
      hyperreactive volume receptor response is unknown, but a less distensible venous
      system, centrally or peripherally, might be a contributing factor.

PMID- 386770
TI  - Reflex control of the heart.

PMID- 386771
TI  - Control of blood pressure by carotid sinus baroreceptors in human beings.

PMID- 386773
TI  - Overview of cardiovascular reflexes in hypertension.
AB  - The problem of cardiovascular reflexes in hypertension poses several questions.
      The first is whether alterations in cardiovascular reflexes can initiate a
      persistent increase in arterial pressure. Another is whether it is an alteration
      in depressor or in pressor reflexes that matters in hypertension. Other questions
      concern the type and nature of the reflex alterations that actually occur in
      hypertension and the place of resetting of baroreflexes in the sequence of
      physiologic events leading to increased blood pressure.

PMID- 386774
TI  - A Mesmer-Paradis myth dispelled.

PMID- 386772
TI  - Integration of reflex responses in the control of blood pressure and vascular
      resistance.

PMID- 386775
TI  - Obesity and hypnosis: a review of the literature.

PMID- 386776
TI  - Malignant lymphoma, T-cell type. A distinct morphologic variant with large
      multilobated nuclei, with a report of four cases.

PMID- 386777
TI  - The immunologic approach to the pathology of malignant lymphomas.
AB  - Presentations of malignant lymphomas in the past did not have the benefit of
      modern developments in immunology and do not bear any relationship to our modern
      understanding of immunology. The malignant lymphomas in our immunologic approach
      are regarded as neoplasms of the immune system and involve principally the T- and
      B-cell systems and alterations in lymphocyte transformation. The cytologic types
      of our new classification are an attempt to identify specific functional subtypes
      of the T- and B-cell systems as defective expressions of their normal
      counterparts. The results of our multiparameter studies on large case series of
      non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and those of others have demonstrated that the malignant
      lymphomas for the most part mark as T- or B-cell types, with the exception of a
      rare lymphoma of true histiocytic type and the unmarked portion of acute
      lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) of childhood. They have demonstrated the heterogeneity
      of the cytologic types of the past that possibly account for the diversity of
      their clinical manifestations and responses to therapy. The immunologic approach
      has permitted the identification of homogeneous cytologic types that are emerging
      as clinical morphologic immunologic entities.

PMID- 386778
TI  - Immunologic basis for the redefinition of malignant lymphomas.
AB  - As neoplasms of the immune system, lymphomas can be characterized by a variety of
      immunologic technics. These technics, used in conjunction with morphology and
      cytochemistry, have promoted the development of lymphoma classifications which
      relate more closely to our current understanding of the anatomy and function of
      the immune system than earlier classifications. This brief review of the
      development and function of the immune system and discussion of technics used in
      distinguishing B and T lymphocytes is intended to provide background and
      perspective for the other papers presented in this symposium.

PMID- 386779
TI  - Results of multiparameter studies of B-cell lymphomas.
AB  - As advances in our understanding of the lymphoreticular system are achieved, so
      becomes the need to adjust our concepts of the corresponding malignant neoplasms.
      This paper relates the various histologic and clinical types of malignant
      lymphoma to current knowledge of the morphology and behavior of the lymphocyte.
      Aspects of normal lymphocyte morphology and function that appear to govern the
      histologic appearances and behavioral patterns of lymphocyte-derived neoplasms
      include the radical morphologic and functional changes occurring in the course of
      lymphocyte transformation, the division of lymphocytes into two or more
      functioning subgroups, and lymphocyte circulation and homing. Surface marker and
      immunohistologic studies of B-cell lymphomas provide support for the relationship
      between various neoplastic types and these aspects of normal lymphocytic function
      and behavior and for the logical extension of this concept to the
      interrelationship between these malignant lymphomas.

PMID- 386780
TI  - Results of multiparameter studies of T-cell lymphoid neoplasms.
AB  - By application of combined structural and functional analyses, most lymphoid
      neoplasms may be categorized as of T- or B-cell origin. T lymphocyte neoplasms
      include types of acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemias, certain cutaneous and
      node-based lymphomas, and lymphomas of thymocytes (convoluted lymphocytic
      lymphomas). Although much less frequent than B-cell neoplasms, these T-cell
      neoplasms are important because their recognition has therapeutic and prognostic
      significance. Relatively specific histopathologic, histochemical, and immunologic
      criteria have been defined for each neoplasm. These neoplasms are also
      significant because homogeneous populations of T neoplastic cells have been used
      successfully in a few cases to study the normal biology of the immune system.

PMID- 386781
TI  - The 1978 Division 27 Award for Distinguished Contributions to Community
      Psychology and Community Mental Health: James G. Kelly.

PMID- 386782
TI  - Psychological factors in diabetes mellitus. A review of the literature with
      emphasis on adolescence.
AB  - In this thorough review of the literature of the past 100 years concerning
      psychological factors in diabetes mellitus, interpretation is channeled toward
      adolescence. In addition, emphasis is given to the major role that emotional
      components play in the development and maintenance of the brittle teenage
      diabetic. The integration of adolescent developmental issues of into physician
      treatment plans is stressed.

PMID- 386783
TI  - Blood cultures in pediatric practice.

PMID- 386784
TI  - Reducing Medicaid expenditures through family responsibility: critique of a
      recent proposal.
AB  - The Massachusetts Department of Public Welfare recently proposed a "Family
      Responsibility Plan" which would impose a financial obligation upon adult
      children in the state for the nursing-home care of their parents who receive
      Medicaid. By examining the Massachusetts plan, this Note seeks to evaluate the
      viability of a concept of family responsibility, under which adult children
      contribute to the state Medicaid expenses of their medically indigent parents in
      nursing homes, as a means of combating the increase in state Medicaid
      expenditures. The Note examines the legal and policy issues raised by the
      Massachusetts welfare department's plan in particular, and by the concept of
      family responsibility in general. The author concludes that alternative methods
      of cost containment, such as positive financial incentives, would be more
      appropriate mechanisms for reducing state Medicaid expenditures than family--that
      is, adult child--responsibility plans.

PMID- 386785
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacology and therapeutic use of
      erythromycin and its derivatives.

PMID- 386786
TI  - Bretylium tosylate: a review.
AB  - The chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical uses, adverse effects,
      drug interactions and dosage of bretylium tosylate, a recently approved
      antiarrhythmic agent, are reviewed. Bretylium tosylate is used to treat life
      threatening ventricular arrhythmias, principally ventricular fibrillation and
      ventricular tachycardia, that have not responded to treatment with first-line
      antiarrhythmic agents. The drug has a direct positive inotropic effect on the
      myocardium and blocking effect on postganglionic sympathetic nerve transmission.
      The drug is poorly absorbed orally, requiring either i.m. or i.v. administration.
      Drug excretion occurs primarily through the kidney, necessitating dosage
      modification in renal disease. Hypotension is the most commonly observed adverse
      reaction to bretylium tosylate. Rapid i.v. administration may cause severe nausea
      and vomiting, and i.m. injection at the same site may cause atrophy and necrosis
      of muscle tissue. Quinidine and procainamide may potentiate the hypotensive
      effects of bretylium. Bretylium will aggravate digitalis-induced arrhythmias.
      Bretylium's use in resistant ventricular tachyarrhythmias requires close clinical
      monitoring.

PMID- 386787
TI  - Technique for microbiological testing of in-use intravenous solutions and
      administration sets.

PMID- 386788
TI  - Comparison of five information services as sources for bioavailability data.
AB  - The usefulness of five drug information services in obtaining bioavailability
      data from journal literature is compared. The deHAEN Drugs in Use system, the
      Iowa Drug Information Service (IDIS), Index Medicus, MEDLINE and International
      Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA), each for a 10-year period, were searched for
      citations on bioavailability studies on the oral dosage forms of acetaminophen,
      lithium carbonate, phenytoin, nitrofurantoin and theophylline. Both quantity of
      references indexed and quality of data were considered. No significant difference
      was found in the mean value scores for the five services. Index Medicus provided
      79 citations but required 7.7 hours of search time. MEDLINE yielded 62 citations
      but required only 1.1 hours to search. IPA, IDIS and deHaen had lower numbers of
      citations and intermediate search times. IPA, deHaen and Index Medicus all cited
      unique articles, with 11%, 7% and 3%, respectively. Index Medicus had the lowest
      percent of articles duplicated by two or more services (49%). The most
      comprehensive serch with the fewest duplicate citations would be obtained from
      searching deHaen's Drugs in Use, IPA and Index Medicus.

PMID- 386789
TI  - Using pharmacokinetics in drug therapy. V: Contributions to developing dosage
      regimens for antihypertensive drugs.
AB  - Pharmacokinetic methods that have been used to improve antihypertensive drug
      therapy, including antihypertensive dosage regimens, are reviewed.
      Pharmacokinetic variables have been determined that allow: (1) derivation of the
      loading dose necessary to achieve rapid control of blood pressure with
      propranolol hydrochloride, guanethidine, minoxidil and clonidine hydrochloride;
      (2) reduced frequency of dosing with methyldopa, hydralazine hydrochloride,
      prazosin hydrochloride, propranolol and clonidine; and (3) alteration of
      propranolol and hydralazine dosage based on physiologic factors (e.g., renal and
      hepatic impairment, binding to plasma proteins, altered enzyme activity). More
      rapid control of hypertension is possible, patient compliance is enhanced and
      drug toxicity is reduced by applying pharmacokinetic principles to develop
      individualized antihypertensive dosage regimens.

PMID- 386790
TI  - The Kennedy version of the Drug Regulation Reform Act.
AB  - Provisions of Senator Edward Kennedy's version  of the Drug Regulation Reform Act
      of 1979 (S.1075) are discussed. Included in the discussions are pre- and
      postmarketing approval controls on drug products, product equivalency, drug
      promotion and information, penalties, and the National Center for Drug Sciences.
      Provisions of the act are compared with the Carter Administration's 1978 (S.2775,
      H.R.11611 and H.R.12980) and 1979 (S.1045 and H.R. 4258) drug reform bills. The
      Kennedy bill does not depart radically from the existing drug approval process
      but would open it to the public and give FDA more flexibility to impose
      conditions, such as limited distribution and postmarketing surveillance, to
      product approval. It establishes drug compendia that would meet federal standards
      but that preferably would be published by the private sector. Hospitals and other
      health care institutions are exempted from the bill's patients package insert
      requirements, except as otherwise regulated by FDA.

PMID- 386791
TI  - Low-dose heparin therapy in the long-term management of venous thromboembolism.
AB  - The efficacy of a six-month course of low-dose heparin therapy was compared to a
      conventional warfarin regimen by a prospective, controlled trial in 48 patients
      with pulmonary embolism or deep venous thrombosis of the legs. All subjects had
      complicated medical illnesses and a high risk of recurrent thromboembolism.
      Bleeding complications were virtually negligible during heparin therapy and
      occurred significantly more frequently in patients receiving warfarin. Heparin
      was as effective as warfarin in the prevention of recurrent thromboembolism.
      Patient compliance with the two treatment regimens was comparable. Self
      administered, low-dose heparin therapy is a useful alternative to warfarin in the
      long-term management of complicated thromboembolic disorders.

PMID- 386793
TI  - Delayed hyperacute rejection in recipients of kidney transplants from HLA
      identical sibling donors.
AB  - Delayed hyperacute rejection, with its characteristic clinical course and
      histopathologic findings, occurred within one month after transplantation in five
      recipients of kidney transplants from HLA-A, B and D identical sibling donors. In
      all cases, unidirectional mixed lymphocyte cultures and immunologic studies to
      detect cytotoxic antibodies in the recipients against their respective donors,
      before kidney transplantation and after transplant nephrectomy, were unresponsive
      or negative. Onset of delayed hyperacute rejection was preceded by bacteremia in
      two of these patients. Two of these received second kidney transplants, three to
      six months later, from HLA-A, B and D identical sibling donors again. Although
      both have had an episode of acute rejection in the early postoperative period,
      the grafts have maintained excellent function for 21 and 25 months, respectively.
      Irreversible forms of transplant rejection, such as delayed hyperacute rejection,
      do occur even in recipients of kidney transplants from HLA-A, B and D identical
      sibling pairs, indicating that genetic determinants other than HLA-A, B and D
      loci, and perhaps other nongenetic immune mechanisms, play an important role in
      the ultimate results of kidney transplantation.

PMID- 386792
TI  - Experience with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol therapy in undergoing hemodialysis
      patients with progressive vitamin D2-treated osteodystrophy.
AB  - Six long-term hemodialysis patients with progressive skeletal deterioration
      during long-term pharmacologic vitamin D2 therapy were treated for six to 12
      months with oral 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-(OH)2D3) to determine its
      therapeutic effectiveness in vitamin D2-unresponsive osteodystrophy. On bone
      biopsy, three of the patients had severe osteomalacia and three showed
      predominant osteitis fibrosa. Previous therapies, including phosphate binders and
      dialysis schedules, were maintained. The three patients with osteomalacia and the
      two with osteitis fibrosa showed clinical deterioration. There was no significant
      change in serum calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, bone densitometry,
      immunoreactive parathyroid hormone levels or bone histology. Roentgenograms
      showed multiple new fractures of ribs and femoral necks in the patients with
      osteomalacia and increased bone resorption in two of three patients with osteitis
      fibrosa. 1,25-(OH)2D3 dosage had to be decreased in all patients because of
      hypercalcemia with a mean tolerated dose of 0.22 microgram/day. In these
      patients, 1,25-(OH)2D3 was not effective therapy for progressive osteodystrophy
      unresponsive to pharmacologic vitamin D2.

PMID- 386794
TI  - Molecular assembly in the contact phase of the Hageman factor system.
AB  - Data obtained in the past few years have defined the molecular mechanisms of
      contact activation of the Hageman factor pathways of plasma, i.e., the kinin
      forming, intrinsic clotting and fibrinolytic systems. Involved are four
      molecules: Hageman factor, high molecular weight (MW) kininogen, prekallikrein
      and factor XI. High MW kininogen serves as a surface cofactor to assemble
      prekallikrein or factor XI in proximity to surface-bound Hageman factor.
      Reciprocal proteolytic activation of Hageman factor and prekallikrein represents
      an essential step in the rapid activation of the contact phase. Although Hageman
      factor does undergo cleavage and activation in the absence of prekallikrein or
      high MW kininogen, the rate is approximately 50 and 100 times slower than when
      these molecules are present. Once Hageman factor is activated on the surface, it
      cleaves and activates clotting factor XI. Activated Hageman factor (HFa) exhibits
      two molecular forms. One of these, alpha HFa, activates prekallikrein and factor
      XI, and the intrinsic clotting system on the surface. alpha HFa and clotting
      factor XI remain surface bound. The other form of activated Hageman factor, beta
      HFa, leaves the surface, going into solution where it readily activates
      additional prekallikrein but not factor XI. Of perhaps even greater importance,
      kallikrein rapidly dissociates from the surface. Thus the formation of bradykinin
      and fibrinolysis is disseminated whereas clotting via the intrinsic system
      remains localized. Reviewed here is the molecular mechanism of contact activation
      of the Hageman factor pathways and discussed in the interaction of Hageman factor
      with the negatively charged surface, prekallikrein, factor XI and high MW
      kininogen. The multiple forms of activated Hageman factor and their potential
      biologic significance are also discussed.

PMID- 386795
TI  - Microbiology problem: Chromobacterium violaceum infection.

PMID- 386796
TI  - Hematology problem: bacteremia.

PMID- 386797
TI  - Stress: relaxation therapy in a clinic.

PMID- 386798
TI  - Stress: a relaxation technique.

PMID- 386799
TI  - Using relaxation for COPD.

PMID- 386800
TI  - Activation of pituitary gonadotropic function by an agonist of luteinizing
      hormone-releasing factor in the puerperium.
AB  - To test the hypothesis that long-term deprivation of endogenous luteinizing
      hormone-releasing factor (LRF) during the course of pregnancy may account for the
      lack of gonadotropin in the puerperium, six normal postpartum women were treated
      with the potent and long-acting LRF agonist (D-Trp6, Pro9-NEt)-LRF. A 50
      microgram dose of LRF agonist was administered subcutaneously every 48 hours for
      four doses, with the first dose given on the first day post partum. Prior to
      treatment, each subject was tested with two pulses of LRF (10 micrograms at 2
      hour intervals) and again at the end of LRF agonist treatment on day 10 post
      partum. Pulses of LRF induced no significant elevation of follicle-stimulating
      hormone (FSH) levels on day 1 post partum. During treatment, a significant (P
      less than 0.005) increase in basal FSH levels occurred after the second dose of
      LRF agonist administration. Following treatment, pulses of LRF elicited a
      remarkable gonadotropin release with a relatively greater percent rise for FSH
      than for human chorionic gonadotropin-luteinizing hormone. Our data indicate that
      the lack of gonadotropin activity during the first 3 weeks post partum is, at
      least in part, related to insufficiency of endogenous LRF secretion and that
      resumption of gonadotropin secretion can be functionally activated by treatment
      with the appropriate dose and intervals of an LRF agonist.

PMID- 386801
TI  - Effects of a superactive luteinizing hormone-releasing factor agonist on
      gonadotropin and ovarian function during the menstrual cycle.
AB  - The effect of a potent luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF) agonist (D
      Trp6, Pro9 NEt)-LRF on pituitary gonadotropin release and its concomitant ovarian
      response was examined in normal women during the early follicular (EFP), late
      follicular (LFP), and midluteal (MLP) phases. A single subcutaneous injection of
      50 micrograms of LRF agonist in subjects during the EFP caused prompt release of
      luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to levels
      comparable to those found during spontaneous midcycle gonadotropin surges, while
      in LFP subjects gonadotropin levels rose 1 1/2 to 2 times above the levels of
      midcycle surges. The LH/FSH release in the MLP was almost identical to that found
      in the EFP. The ovarian response as measured by increasing estradiol levels
      followed a similar pattern during the 48 hours after injection in all three
      phases of the cycle. The inappropriate gonadotropin surge induced by LRF agonist
      in EFP subjects resulted in prolonged follicular phases and anovulation. Three of
      four subjects in the LFP showed evidence of ovulation in response to the same
      dose of LRF agonist. The pharmacodynamics of gonadotropin-ovarian responses to
      this potent LRF agonist reported here should provide an important reference for
      systemic investigation and rational clinical application.

PMID- 386803
TI  - Presentation of the Rous--Whipple award to Frank J. Dixon. 1979.

PMID- 386802
TI  - Psychosocial aspects of craniofacial disfigurement. A "State of the Art"
      assessment conducted by the Craniofacial Anomalies Program Branch, The National
      Institute of Dental Research.
AB  - The psychosocial sequelae of craniofacial disfigurement may have as great an
      impact on the patient as the strictly physical aspects of the problem. Very
      little systematic work has been focused directly on these effects. The following
      broad recommendations would constitute initial research steps in this field:
      Development of satisfactory measures of physical attractiveness and their use in
      studies to explore the role of craniofacial features in over-all physical
      attractiveness. The establishment of valid metrics for assessing the severity of
      craniofacial anomalies through the use of both physiologic and behavioral
      measures, thus constructing a broader definition of what constitutes a
      craniofacial handicap. Studies of the relationships among physiologic and
      behavioral variables using recently developed statistical techniques and computer
      methods to determine the psychosocial consequences of craniofacial disfigurement.
      Studies of the process through which persons with various types of malocclusion
      decide to seek and complete treatment. The studies would include the patients'
      demographic characteristics, self-perceptions, perceptions of them by others, and
      the complex patient-clinician interactions during the treatment programs.

PMID- 386804
TI  - A circulation and organs model for insulin dynamics.

PMID- 386805
TI  - Questions and replies: role of the collecting tubule in fluid, sodium, and
      potassium balance.
AB  - In terms of day-to-day regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance, the
      collecting tubule system appears to occupy a paramount position among segments of
      the renal tubule. Controversy has arisen concerning the quantitative contribution
      by the collecting tubule system to the regulation of individual solute excretion,
      which in part may be due to differences among the investigative techniques
      employed. In this Editorial Review, R. L. Jamison summarizes current views on the
      function of the collecting tubule system, particularly with regard to regulation
      of sodium and potassium excretion, and then poses seven questions pertaining to
      this topic. H. Sonnenberg, who has revived the microcatheterization technique,
      and J. H. Stein, whose group has employed the micropuncture method, respond to
      these questions. The key issues addressed are: 1) the principal factors that
      influence transtubular movement of sodium and potassium across the collecting
      tubule; 2) the limitations and potential artifacts of the microcatheterization
      and micropuncture techniques when used to examine the function of the collecting
      tubule; 3) apparent discrepancies among results obtained by micropuncture in
      vivo, microcatheterization in vivo, and microperfusion in vitro of the collecting
      tubule; and 4) major unresolved questions concerning the function of the
      collecting tubule.

PMID- 386806
TI  - Renin release from filtering and nonfiltering kidneys stimulated by PGI2 and
      PGD2.

PMID- 386807
TI  - Myocardial effects of magnesium.

PMID- 386809
TI  - Changes in the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis associated with variation
      of the gastrointestinal microflora in neonates.
AB  - The incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis was noted to vary in association with
      significant variation in the gastrointestinal microflora cultured from infants in
      the neonatal intensive care unit. Increased colonization with E. coli and K.
      pneumoniae was associated with an increased incidence of necrotizing
      enterocolitis, which suggests that these organisms are related to the
      pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis.

PMID- 386808
TI  - Anatomy of the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
AB  - The juxtaglomerular apparatus, located in the glomerular hilum, consists of a
      vascular component (afferent and efferent arterioles and extraglomerular
      mesangium) and a tubular component (macula densa). Two types of contact between
      vascular and tubular components are observed: a) a complex type, involving distal
      tubule, extraglomerular mesangium, and proximal efferent arteriole, and b) a
      simple type, consisting of apposition of the basement membranes of the vascular
      and tubular components. Juxtaglomerular granular cells, the source of renin, are
      present throughout the vascular component but are more numerous in the afferent
      arteriole. They can be considered as "myoendocrine" cells, since they contain
      myofibrils and attachment bodies, together with secretory granules and
      crystalline protogranules. Macula densa cells differ from those elsewhere in the
      distal tubule in that their nuclei are closer to each other, the Golgi apparatus
      is basally located, and their basal membrane infoldings are less prominent.
      Adrenergic nerves are demonstrable by fluorescence histochemistry in the
      juxtaglomerular region. Electron microscopy reveals unmyelinated nerve fibers
      containing small dense-cored vesicles and capable, as shown by ultrastructural
      autoradiography, of incorporating exogenous tritiated norepinephrine.
      Neuroeffector junctions occur between nerves and cells of the vascular and, less
      frequently, the tubular component. In addition, adrenergic axons are observed in
      a juxtaglomerular cell tumor. Nerve terminals are seen in direct contact with the
      tumor cells.

PMID- 386810
TI  - Miconazole therapy for systemic candidiasis in a conjoined (Siamese) twin and a
      premature newborn.
AB  - A 2.5 kg thoracopagus (Siamese) twin and a 0.73 kg premature newborn developed
      systemic candidiasis and were treated with intravenous miconazole. The conjoined
      twin was in a state of severe metabolic acidosis, respiratory distress, jaundice,
      anuria, abdominal distension, and shock. The 0.73 kg premature infant was also in
      a state of severe metabolic acidosis, respiratory distress, and oliguria.
      Miconazole was used in this desperate situation for the treatment of life
      threatening candidiasis. Both infants responded well to treatment and recovered.
      All parameters of their diseases improved during therapy despite pre-existing
      multiple organ dysfunction. Miconazole can be a safe alternative to amphotericin
      B for the treatment of systemic candidiasis in neonatal infants, including those
      with impaired renal function.

PMID- 386811
TI  - Burn wound biopsy bacterial quantitation: a statistical analysis.
AB  - Sequential paired punch biopsy samples were taken from three separate locations
      on each of four burn patients and were quantitated for the number of viable
      bacteria per gram of tissue. The range (log10 0.02 to log10 1.51) and the
      standard deviation (log10 0.67) were determined for each pair. The 95 per cent
      confidence interval based on any single observation, x, was determined to be x +/
      1.31. It is concluded that the burn wound biopsy is a reliable procedure for
      quantitating organisms in a burn wound and that changes in sequential samples
      give an indication of the dynamics of infection in the burn patients.

PMID- 386812
TI  - Duodenostomy.
AB  - The methods of managing a difficult duodenal stump after gastric resection are
      reviewed. One of two methods of catheter drainage of the duodenum can be used:
      end-stump catheterization or lateral tube drainage. A series of cases managed by
      end-stump duodenostomy is reviewed. The rationale for this technique and its
      advantages are presented.

PMID- 386814
TI  - On the sesquicentennial of Theodore Billroth.

PMID- 386813
TI  - The Virchow-Troisier node: a historical note.

PMID- 386815
TI  - New technique for repairing incisional hernias with Marlex mesh.
AB  - A technique using Marlex mesh for the repair of incisional hernias in which the
      mesh is placed deep to the muscles and the musculofascial layers are closed
      completely over the mesh is described. Great mechanical advantage is obtained and
      healing of the wound by primary repair is made possible. This technique has been
      used in 31 patients since February 1978 with good results. Most of the 31
      patients had large defects, and primary closure over the mesh was possible in all
      of them.

PMID- 386816
TI  - [The narrow pelvis in present-day obstetrics].

PMID- 386817
TI  - [Use of hyperbaric oxygenation in the treatment of the hypoxic syndrome in
      pregnancy].

PMID- 386818
TI  - [Ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal lesions in diabetes mellitus in the mother].

PMID- 386819
TI  - [Treatment of the respiratory disorder syndrome by maintaining a constant
      positive pressure in the respiratory tracts of the newborn infant].

PMID- 386820
TI  - [Healing of lamellar corneal grafts in rabbit eyes after gluing with highly
      concentrated fibrinogen].
AB  - 24 rabbit eyes were submitted to lamellar corneal keratoplasty, the grafts being
      fixed by highly concentrated fibrinogen. Adhesion of the graft seemed
      satisfactory after 5 min, and the postoperative oedema cleared within 2 weeks.
      However, biomicroscopy and histology revealed a limited axial cicatrization while
      in the majority of cases marginal wound adaptation was insufficient. In 5 of 8
      eyes followed up more than one week clear grafts were obtained, surrounded by a
      low marginal step.

PMID- 386821
TI  - Change of T-lymphocyte ratio after keratoplasty.
AB  - Changes in the ratio of active and total E rosettes of 12 untreated and 26
      corneal transplant patients with immunosuppressive therapy were examined weekly
      for a month and in the third month. On the basis of our results it can be stated
      that keratoplasty increases immune reactivity. This manifests itself in the
      increasing number of both the active and total E-rosette-forming lymphocytes.
      This increase in T cell number can be observed also after cataract operations in
      the first week, but in the latter case if no rejection occurs after keratoplasty
      the ratio of E-rosette-forming cells returns to the preoperative value in the
      third week. If the T-lymphocyte number is increased as late as the third week,
      that can be regarded as a rejection sign. Our data confirm the significance of
      active E-rosette-forming cells in immunological processes. Examination of the
      active and total E-rosette-forming T-lymphocytes has proved a suitable method for
      following up the cellular immunological processes directed against the corneal
      transplant.

PMID- 386822
TI  - Subepithelial fibrous tissue in failed corneal grafts. A histopathologic study.
AB  - Clinical observation of corneal grafts often reveals subepithelial whitish
      opacities or membranes. To further understand the phenomenon, we undertook a
      histopathologic study of the changes in this region in failed human corneal
      grafts. Thinning and thickening of the epithelium, breaks in Bowman's membrane,
      and growth of subepithelial fibrous tissue were observed. Close association was
      found between the subepithelial fibrous growth, the breaks in Bowman's membrane,
      and stromal inflammation.

PMID- 386823
TI  - Oxidized and reduced glutathione levels of the cornea in vivo.
AB  - A new method for preparing the rabbit cornea is described for the assay of
      metabolite levels in the in vivo state. The preparation includes in vivo rapid
      freezing of the tissue by liquid nitrogen, freeze sawing, lyophilization, and
      extraction with 0.5 N perchloric acid. Reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG)
      glutathione levels and the GSH/GSSG ratios were compared with adenosine phosphate
      levels and ATP/ADP ratios. The most important results of this investigation
      seemed to be a significant difference in the redox state of the glutathione
      between the epithelium and the endothelium of the corea and the different
      reducing capacity of these tissues as indicated by the steady-state levels of the
      GSH and the GSSG. These metabolic processes may be used to eliminate toxic
      peroxides from the transparent ocular tissues produced by light or other chemical
      compounds.

PMID- 386825
TI  - The first anaesthetics in New South Wales.

PMID- 386824
TI  - An ether anaesthesia at Stroud in 1847--a report in search of a date.
AB  - About the middle of 1847, Doctor Buchanan of the Australian Agricultural Company
      ligated a popliteal aneurysm under ether anaesthesia at Stroud, N.S.W. This paper
      summarises the results of a search for matters related to what must have been one
      of the first anaesthetics given in Australia.

PMID- 386826
TI  - Obituary. Patrick Alan Maplestone.

PMID- 386828
TI  - Preparative fractionation of nucleic acids by agarose gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 386829
TI  - Modified assay procedures for the phosphotransferase system in enteric bacteria.

PMID- 386830
TI  - Purification of the photoreactivating enzyme from yeast.

PMID- 386831
TI  - A simple whole-cell assay for E. coli anthranilate synthetase.

PMID- 386832
TI  - A unified assay for six enzymes of glutamate metabolism.

PMID- 386833
TI  - Current approaches to analysis of the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

PMID- 386834
TI  - Chromatographic methods for the determination of alpha- and beta-5-phospho-D
      ribose-alpha-1-pyrophosphate pools in bacteria.

PMID- 386835
TI  - A simple method to recover intact high molecular weight RNA and DNA after
      electrophoretic separation in low gelling temperature agarose gels.

PMID- 386836
TI  - Analytical and preparative electrophoresis of RNA in agarose-urea.

PMID- 386837
TI  - Burton L. Baker 1912-1978.

PMID- 386838
TI  - Wolfgang Bargmann 1906-1978.

PMID- 386839
TI  - Jack D. Burke 1919-1978.

PMID- 386841
TI  - Walter Farrar Greene 1892-1978.

PMID- 386840
TI  - Ben (Newton B.) Everett 1916-1978.

PMID- 386842
TI  - Melvin Hess 1925-1979.

PMID- 386843
TI  - Ernest L. Hunt 1919-1978.

PMID- 386844
TI  - Walter R. Ingram 1905-1978.

PMID- 386845
TI  - James H. Leathem 1911-1978.

PMID- 386846
TI  - Karl Ernest Mason 1900-1978.

PMID- 386847
TI  - Roscoe Lewis McKinney 1900-1978.

PMID- 386848
TI  - J. Arthur Myers 1888-1978.

PMID- 386849
TI  - George H. Paff 1905-1978.

PMID- 386850
TI  - Lois Claire Perkins 1926-1978.

PMID- 386851
TI  - C. Donnell Turner 1902-1976.

PMID- 386852
TI  - Gertrude Van Wagenen 1893-1978.

PMID- 386853
TI  - American Association of Anatomists. List of members 1979.

PMID- 386854
TI  - A novel technique for high resolution analysis of the cytoskeleton.
AB  - A new technique is described for producing and examining carbon-platinum replicas
      of the cytoskeleton of cultured cells. This technique allows the individual
      components of the cytoskeleton to be visualized and positively identified in the
      transmission electron microscope, and also permits an analysis of the 3
      dimensional disposition of these components.

PMID- 386855
TI  - The significance of Antoni van Leeuwenhoek for the early development of
      andrology.

PMID- 386856
TI  - [Positive blood cultures in the "Centre des Brules du c. h. u. de Lille".
      Evolution of epidemiology during the last thirteen years (author's transl)].
AB  - An epidemiological study was made on 3,249 patients admitted in the "Centre des
      Brules du C.H.U. de Lille" from January 1965 to December 1977. This study showed
      that 7.1 per cent of these patients has one or more positive blood cultures. The
      main bacteria are staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus, pseudomonias aeruginosa
      in spite of antibiotic therapy. Infection is the dangerous development in these
      patients of which generally a burned surface is more than 25 p.cent surface body.

PMID- 386857
TI  - Mutagenicity studies with volatile metabolites of halothane.
AB  - The mutagenicities of two volatile metabolites of halothane, 2-chloro-1,1,1
      trifluoroethane (CF3CH2Cl) and 2-chloro-1,1-difluoro-ethylene (CF2CHCl), and a
      presumed halothane metabolite, 2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1-difluoroethylene (CF2CBrCl),
      were investigated in the bacterial assay system developed by Ames and co-workers.
      Both gas-phase and liquid culture tests were made. In addition, mutagenicity of
      CF2CBrCl was studied in a modified Ames test system using rapidly growing cells
      in enriched liquid medium. The purity of tested compounds was verified by
      combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. In the standard Ames test,
      CF3CH2Cl and CF2CBrCl were not mutagenic, and CF2CHCl was only weakly mutagenic.
      CF2CBrCl was detectable as weakly mutagenic, however, in the modified Ames test
      using rapidly growing cells. Although these results are reassuring, the effects
      of long-term exposure to halogenated anesthetics are still not fully known.

PMID- 386859
TI  - Massive trophoblastic embolization and PEEP therapy.

PMID- 386858
TI  - Crying vital capacity and maximal inspiratory pressure as clinical indicators of
      readiness for weaning of infants less than a year of age.

PMID- 386860
TI  - [Hemostatic effects of the argon laser on the gastric wall in the dog. I.
      Preliminary study: effects of the laser on the normal gastric wall].
AB  - The authors describe the pathological lesions caused by argon laser emitted rays
      on the healthy gastric mucosa in 22 dogs. They compare 126 photocoagulated areas
      while varying the intensity and the exposure time of the laser ray in order to
      determine the ideal constants of an efficient photocoagulation, devoid of risk
      and with rapid healing of the lesions.

PMID- 386861
TI  - [Low ano-rectal malformations (author's transl)].
AB  - This work includes 61 cases of low anal atresias, 42 were female and 19 male. All
      of them were treated with "cutback" technique with a follow up longer than two
      years. Results are classified in good, regular and poor, depending on the
      continence, stenosis, mega-rectum and enchopresis, and were 90 per cent of good
      results, 8 per cent regular and 2 per cent poor. Authors recommend this technique
      as a choice proceding in this kind of low atresias.

PMID- 386863
TI  - Acute leukemia: biology and treatment.
AB  - A fundamental abnormality in acute myeloid leukemia is a block in cell
      differentiation with resultant accumulation of immature leukocytes. This
      abnormality can be studied in continuously growing leukemic cell lines that
      differentiate with simple chemical signals. Surface antigenic modulation
      occurring with cell differentiation can be monitored by specific antisera. These
      antisera have great potential as diagnostic and therapeutic reagents. More than
      90% of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and more than 70% of patients
      with acute myeloid leukemia can achieve remission of disease with aggressive
      multiagent chemotherapy. Long-term, disease-free survival is obtainable in about
      one half of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia but in less than 15% of
      patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The future directions of research for
      achieving cure of acute leukemia seem to be well defined.

PMID- 386862
TI  - [Early onset group B streptococcal neonatal sepsis (author's transl)].
AB  - Seventy one per cent of neonates had a gestational age longer than 37 weeks.
      Sixteen showed respiratory distress, and shock occured in twelve cases. The onset
      of illness happened within the first 12 hours of life, in 15 cases. No
      differences were observed among preterm and term infants. Differential leukocyte
      count were altered in all infants, being particularly relevant the fact that the
      relation between immature neutrophil/total neutrophil, was elevated in 50 per
      cent of cases. Mortality rate was 52 per cent. Clinical alert and early treatment
      with penicillin, together with the use of fresh blood exchange transfusion, can
      be considered useful methods in the treatment of these cases.

PMID- 386864
TI  - Legionnaires' disease at a community hospital.

PMID- 386865
TI  - Health risks associated with animal waste from intensive livestock units.
AB  - Potential health risks associated with animal waste arise as a consequence of
      direct microbial problems particularly salmonellosis, indirect microbial problems
      arising from drug resistance etc., toxic residues from therapeutic or
      prophylactic agents, or from poisonous gases generated in liquid waste. The
      biggest of these hazards arises from direct microbial problems but fortunately
      experience in the UK suggests that these problems can be controlled reasonably
      well if sensible action is taken both at the planning and operative stages.

PMID- 386866
TI  - Brucellosis: an increasing public health hazard in Uganda.
AB  - The paper highlights the importance of brucellosis as a public health hazard and
      that the disease appears to be on the increase in Uganda. In 5 districts cattle
      on newly established ranches and farms were blood-tested using ther serum
      agglutination test. The survey covered 5 ranches and 10 farms. The total number
      of cattle tested were 1606 and of these 18.1% were positive to the serum
      agglutination test. Attempts are now being made by the W.H.O. and Uganda
      Government to study and find out the impact of the disease in both animals and
      man.

PMID- 386867
TI  - [Study of muscle hemodynamics during exercise: Physiological and pathological
      variations in Xe 133 elimination: A new method of interpretation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Muscle blood flow measurements are of physiological (and pathological)
      significance only during effort. For this reason, the authors used Xe 133, which
      has been known since 1964, to measure regional muscle blood flow after its
      injection into the muscle, to quantify results during effort (pedalling). Effort
      is controlled by two measurable parameters: the weight lifted by the pedal and
      the frequency of movements. Curves showing the reduction in intramuscular Xe 133
      levels cannot be mathematically formulated. It is easy, however, to measure their
      areas and thus define a mean elimination time (Tm) between times T1 and T2,
      beginning and end of effort, corresponding to activities A1 and A2 such that:
      formula: (see text). Normal Tm value, measured in 58 normal subjects with
      variable frequencies and weights lifted is: Tm = 1.70 +/- 0.38 min. The values in
      70 patients with arteritis were significantly longer and can be greater than 3.5
      min. This objective test could be of value in quintifying the effects of so
      called vasodilators, both in patients with arteritis and venous insufficiency.

PMID- 386868
TI  - [Glomerulopathy during Behcet's syndrome. Immunofluorescent and electron
      microscopy studies (author's transl)].
AB  - Full renal investigation were conducted in 11 patients with Behcet's syndrome.
      Biological tests revealed the presence of mild proteinuria in 5 of them. Needle
      biopsy showed extra-membranous or mesangial fibrinoid deposits in 6 cases,
      associated in 1 case with segmental and focal glomerulitis lesions.
      Immunofluorescence studies demonstrated glomerular deposits of mesangial and
      extra-membranous C3, sometimes with immunoglobulins (IgA-AgG). Ultrastructural
      examination was carried out in 7 cases and showed "hump" deposits attached to the
      external face of the basal membrane and rounded nodules of 7 to 15 mu included in
      the mesangium. The presence of immune complexes in the renal glomeruli,
      therefore, is not all unusual in this disease, which is probably auto-immune in
      nature, and in fact appears to be a quite frequent occurrence. These deposits,
      which were probably well-tolerated by most of the patients in this series, might
      be involved in the production of progressive glomerulopathies in chronic cases,
      as observed in one of the cases studied.

PMID- 386869
TI  - [Yersinia pseudotuberculosis septicemia in adults (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors discuss the clinical and bacterial characteristics and progressive
      changes occurring in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis septicemia, basing their
      observations on one personal case and 30 adult cases reported in the published
      literature. The roles played by a generally poor condition of the patient and
      martial overloading are emphasized, and the changes brought about by the
      introduction of antibiotic therapy evaluated.

PMID- 386870
TI  - [Investigation of the sella turcica and results of the LH-RH test in 19 cases of
      hirsutism (author's transl)].
AB  - The sella turcica was investigated systematically by radiotomography in 19
      patients with either idiopathic hirsutism (6 cases) or hirsutism associated with
      hypomenorrhea (13 cases), without hyperandrogenism. Morphological abnormalities
      of the sella were noted in 9 cases, but these radiological abnormalities were
      also observed in 5 out of 19 women without hirsutism studied at the same time,
      and these images should therefore be interpreted very prudently. Only two
      patients had associated sella anomalies and raised LH levels, which could
      suggest, but not confirm the presence of an LH micro-adenoma.

PMID- 386871
TI  - [Self-implied languages and psychopathological expression].
AB  - Nevroses and dellusions are self-induced language in which the uttered statement
      is implemented in an immanent and intransive way, through the psycho-pathological
      language itself. The narrative pattern and the pathological process are closely
      linked together in the same two-sided utterance, clinical and at the same time
      narratological; as is demonstrated by the analysis of two cases.

PMID- 386872
TI  - [Depression in the child: Clinical and psychopathological aspects].
AB  - The present work is exclusively about depressions in childhood till the end of
      latency (11--12 years old children). It serves a double purpose: to try and show
      that children from their earliest childhood can be subject to feelings of
      sadness, moodiness, dismay, self-depreciation; to facilitate, through a better
      clinical and psychological knowledge, diagnoses in (cases of) depressions. In the
      first part, we shall study the different clinical forms of depressive states,
      their factors and their evolution. Three cases of personnal observations will
      illustrate those theoretic data. The relations between suicide and depression are
      introduced in the second part of this work. Finally, the authors will tell about
      the main psychanalytic works which permit to progress towards the recognition of
      the central function of the depressive phenomena in the structure of a
      personnality.

PMID- 386873
TI  - [Clinical and comparative trial of dosulepin and amitriptyline].

PMID- 386874
TI  - [Schizophrenia is not what it used to be].

PMID- 386876
TI  - [The concept of belief and its importance in psychiatry].

PMID- 386875
TI  - [Negation obsession after 30 years].
AB  - Report of thirty years evolution of observation princeps of " obsession de
      negation " which was presented to Societe Medico-Psychologique by Raymond Mallet
      11 may 1933. Opportunity to show different nosological qualification. Diseases
      are models chosen by physicians. Choice directed by means for action.

PMID- 386878
TI  - [Social Security and private psychiatric institutions].

PMID- 386877
TI  - [Social Security and psychiatry. Introduction].

PMID- 386879
TI  - Some early history of cold-insoluble globulin.

PMID- 386880
TI  - Nature of the glycoprotein components of basement membranes.

PMID- 386881
TI  - Role of the high-molecular-weight glycoprotein in cellular morphology, adhesion,
      and differentiation.

PMID- 386882
TI  - A large glycoprotein lost from the surfaces of transformed cells.

PMID- 386884
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies on fibronectin distribution patterns during adhesion,
      deformation, and spreading of human glial and glioma cells.

PMID- 386883
TI  - Modulation of cell surface glycocalyx: studies on large, external, transformation
      sensitive protein.

PMID- 386885
TI  - Organization of extracellular proteins on the connective tissue cell surface:
      relevance to cell-matrix interactions in vitro and in vivo.
AB  - A model has been developed that proposes a cell surface-associated protein
      meshwork, composed in part of fibronectin and collagen, for a connective tissue
      cell attached to a substratum. In support of this model are the observations that
      collagen and fibronectin interact and that these proteins are similarly
      distributed on the fibroblast cell surface. We suggest that this external
      meshwork interacts directly or indirectly with the internal cytoskeleton and with
      the extracellular matrix and thereby mediates several cellular properties,
      including adhesion, shape, and motility. Loss of cell surface fibronectin as a
      result of viral transformation, or due to treatment of normal cells with
      tunicamycin, an inhibitor of protein glycosylation, may contribute to the reduced
      adhesion and altered morphology observed in these circumstances. We therefore
      predict that the changes in these properties observed with virally transformed
      cells, mitotic cells, and cells treated with proteolytic enzymes are related to
      alterations in the external protein meshwork.

PMID- 386886
TI  - [Value of dietary fibers in digestive pathology].

PMID- 386887
TI  - Significance of donor age in penetrating keratoplasty.
AB  - Because the significance of donor age in penetrating keratoplasty remains
      controversial, a study was undertaken to analyze the results of keratoplastics
      performed with older (greater than 70) and younger (less than 55) donor corneas.
      Thirty-seven eyes which received older donor corneas were divided into 4
      diagnostic categories and were compared with 37 eyes having the same diagnosis
      which received younger donor corneas. The average follow-up for both groups was
      24 months. There was no significant difference between the number of clear grafts
      in each group. It would appear that older donor corneas can withstand the
      surgical trauma of transplantation and remain clear for a relatively significant
      period.

PMID- 386888
TI  - Laryngeal paralysis--teflon injection.
AB  - This report is a review of the literature combined with the author's experience
      concerning Teflon injection of the larynx. Included are the etiology and
      diagnosis of vocal cord paralysis, indications and contraindications for Teflon
      injection of the larynx, its histopathology, pre- and postoperative management,
      proper and improper techniques for injecting Teflon, complications, and reasons
      for failure.

PMID- 386889
TI  - Vestibular neuroanatomy: recent observations.
AB  - The modern neuroanatomical technique of using a retrograde axoplasmic tracer
      (horseradish peroxidase) to label neurons has aided the revelation of several
      important connections in the vestibular system. The organization of the
      oculomotor nucleus and the existence of an interneuron in the abducens nucleus
      have importance in understanding some ocular disorders. A detailed description of
      the location of vestibulo-ocular neurons to individual extraocular muscles is now
      available which may provide a basis for understanding how these reflexes function
      normally and abnormally. Interconnections between the vestibular nuclei are
      provided by commissural neurons located in the superior, medial and group Y
      nuclei. These projections are probably of importance in vestibular compensation.
      A possible hypothesis of vestibular hair cell projection suggests that type I
      cells project over vestibulo-ocular neurons while type II cells project over
      commissural pathways.

PMID- 386890
TI  - McIndoe lecture, 1978. Burns: McIndoe's contribution and subsequent advances.
AB  - My first aim is to present the state of burn care during the few years before the
      Battle of Britain in August-October 1940. This gives the climate of thought in
      which McIndoe and his collegues faced the challenge of burns. We are inclined to
      forget the helplessness of surgeons faced with extensive burns at that time. Some
      of the great changes in burn management in the past 40 years are then described
      and a claim is made that the results show a real improvement in treatment.

PMID- 386893
TI  - Hunterian oration, 1979. Some controversial aspects of John Hunter's life and
      work. Part 5 geology and palaeontology.

PMID- 386891
TI  - The significance of the evolution of the cerebrospinal fluid system.
AB  - A study of the comparative morphology of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system has
      been made in amphioxus, lamprey, dogfish, goldfish, lungfish, frog, salamander,
      turtle, pigeon, and mouse. Using mainly intracardiac fixation and a careful
      histological technique, serial sections have been obtained of the brain in situ
      surrounded by its various membranes and the skull. The ventricular system, the
      roof of the hindbrain, the meninges and subarachnoid space, the ependyma with its
      various derivatives, including the choroid plexuses and paraphysis, and the
      relationship between the various CSF compartments and the cerebrovascular system
      have all been compared in these animals. The hypothesis has been derived that the
      CSF system is primarily developed to maintain the chemical environment necessary
      to the function of the cells of the central nervous system, including the
      neuroendocrine pathways.

PMID- 386892
TI  - Anaesthesia and the potter.
AB  - The causes and historical background of the high incidence of severe silicosis
      among pottery workers in the Stoke-on-Trent area are described. The pathogenesis,
      pathology, and clinical manifestations of the disease are discussed. Although the
      incidence of silicosis in the Potteries has declined spectacularly in the past 20
      years with the introduction of preventive measures, there still remains a
      generation of middle-aged and elderly potters with the disease who pose special
      problems for the anaesthetist and the thoracic surgeon.

PMID- 386895
TI  - The kiss death (Princess Alice).

PMID- 386894
TI  - The 'Neanderthals' of the College of Surgeons.

PMID- 386896
TI  - In memoriam. N R Barrett CBE MChir FRCS.

PMID- 386897
TI  - Hunterian Oration, 1979. Some controversial aspects of John Hunter's life and
      work.

PMID- 386898
TI  - Improved safety by computerized video-angiocardiography.

PMID- 386900
TI  - Optical methods for monitoring neuron activity.

PMID- 386899
TI  - Sensory evoked potentials in clinical disorders of the nervous system.

PMID- 386901
TI  - Regulation of autonomic development.

PMID- 386902
TI  - Circadian pacemakers in the nervous system.

PMID- 386903
TI  - Mechanisms of cortical development: a view from mutations in mice.

PMID- 386905
TI  - Neural control of behavior.

PMID- 386904
TI  - Trophic mechanisms in the peripheral nervous system.

PMID- 386906
TI  - Neurophysiology of epilepsy.

PMID- 386907
TI  - Organization of neuronal membranes.

PMID- 386908
TI  - Motor systems, with specific reference to the control of locomotion.

PMID- 386909
TI  - Pain.

PMID- 386911
TI  - [The Monteggia fracture in adults. A report of 44 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 386910
TI  - [Effect of pre-operative oral antibiotics on septic complications following
      resection for cancer and diverticular disease of the colon. Controlled clinical
      trial (author's transl)].

PMID- 386912
TI  - Objective and subjective assessment of ephedrine combinations in asthmatic
      outpatients.
AB  - 11 asthmatic outpatients were treated with placebo, ephedrine + theophylline +
      hydroxyzine, ephedrine + theophylline, and ephedrine + hydroxyzine, orally t.i.d.
      for 4 days each in random order. Both objective (PEF rates) and subjective
      (ranking list) assessments demonstrated the efficacy of the triple combination
      over placebo. The combination of two drugs proved objectively or subjectively
      somewhat less acceptable.

PMID- 386913
TI  - Double-blind controlled trial with colloidal bismuth subcitrate in the treatment
      of symptomatic duodenal ulcers with special references to blood and urine bismuth
      levels.
AB  - To test the efficacy and toxicity of colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) in a
      double-blind trial, forty-six consecutive outpatients with active duodenal
      ulceration were randomly allocated either to treatment with CBS or to a placebo
      for a period of four weeks. Symptomatic assessment was based on frequency and
      severity of pain. The ulcer size was measured endoscopically before and at the
      end of the trial. During the trial blood and urinary bismuth concentrations were
      measured. The symptomatic assessment of the patients receiving CBS or placebo
      showed that the reduction in pain was highly significant in both groups, but
      there was statistically significant difference in the degree of reduction of
      duodenal ulcer size in favour of the colloidal bismuth subcitrate-treated group
      (p less than 0.025). Although a marked increase in urinary bismuth concentration
      was noted, the blood bismuth levels remained within the acceptable levels.

PMID- 386914
TI  - [An introduction to synthetic progestogens pharmacology (author's transl)].
AB  - Synthetic progestins differ in their progestomimetic and other endocrine effects.
      Their affinities for different steroid hormone receptors have been measured and
      their pharmacological activities (progestomimetic, uterotrophic, anti-estrogenic,
      androgen and anti-gonadotrophic) have been evaluated concomitantly. Derivatives
      of the pregnane series are basically progestomimetic only, whereas derivatives of
      the norandrostane series have distinctly androgenic and anti-estrogenic
      properties. A knowledge of these various activities facilitates the choice of an
      appropriate therapy.

PMID- 386915
TI  - [Treatment of endometriosis with synthetic steroids].

PMID- 386917
TI  - [Polycystic ovaries].

PMID- 386916
TI  - [Classification of dysovulations].

PMID- 386918
TI  - Sir Charles Symonds.

PMID- 386919
TI  - Evolution of a microbial ecologist.

PMID- 386920
TI  - Arginine catabolism by microorganisms.

PMID- 386921
TI  - Biosynthesis of polysaccharides by prokaryotes.

PMID- 386922
TI  - Fungal protoplasts: isolation, reversion, and fusion.

PMID- 386924
TI  - Dynamics of the macrophage plasma membrane.

PMID- 386923
TI  - Mutational biosynthesis of new antibiotics.

PMID- 386925
TI  - Population ecology of nitrifying bacteria.

PMID- 386927
TI  - Biology of oligotrophic bacteria.

PMID- 386926
TI  - Initiation of plant root-microbe interactions.

PMID- 386928
TI  - Members of the genus Actinoplanes and their antibiotics.

PMID- 386929
TI  - Laboratory-associated infections: incidence, fatalities, causes, and prevention.

PMID- 386930
TI  - Perspectives on the in vivo location of cellular interactions in the humoral
      immune response.

PMID- 386931
TI  - Biological and biochemical aspects of microbial growth on C1 compounds.

PMID- 386932
TI  - The chemistry and biosynthesis of selected bacterial capsular polymers.

PMID- 386933
TI  - The biology of gastrointestinal bacteroides.

PMID- 386934
TI  - Cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of bacterial endotoxins.

PMID- 386936
TI  - [Results of testing a new method of using antibiotics in nutrient media for the
      isolation of Shigella: the 2-streak method].
AB  - A new variant of media with antibiotics for isolation of Shigella, i.e. a method
      of 2 streaks each containing different antibiotics was tested in analysis of
      excrements from patients with acute dysentery. It was found that the new method
      is more effective than the well known method of gradient plates (isolation of
      Shigella in one series of the experiments amounted to 85.2 and 64.7 per cent
      respectively, and in the other series of the experiments the respective figures
      were 95.4 and 89.3 per cent). Its efficiency was lower as compared to the
      procedure of inoculation onto 2 plates, i.e. onto the media with and without an
      antibiotic (isolation of Shigella was 67.5 and 77.4 per cent respectively). The
      new method provided a higher frequency of Shigella isolation as compared to
      inoculation onto the media without an antibiotic, as well as onto any of the
      media used with one antibiotic. The method of 2 streaks offers wider
      possibilities for choosing the antibiotics for adding to the nutrient medium, as
      well as estimation of the antibioticograms and species structures of Shigella
      distributed in a concrete area.

PMID- 386935
TI  - [Sensitivity of Gram-negative microflora to lysozyme].
AB  - Sensitivity to lysozyme of the representatives of various species of gramnegative
      microflora (476 strains) was studied with a new modified procedure, which is more
      exact and economic as compared to the method of serial dilutions in agar. High
      resistance of Eltor vibrio cholerae and Pseudomonas to lysozyme was found.
      Cultures of various sensitivity levels to lysozyme were detected among Aeromonas,
      enteropathogenic E. coli and NAG-vibrios.

PMID- 386937
TI  - [Sterol affinity of Candida albicans cells resistant to polyene antibiotics].
AB  - The affinity levels of sterols in the sensitive and resistant cultures of C.
      albicans for polyenic antibiotics were studied comparatively. The affinity level
      was determined by liberation of potassium under the effect of the antibiotic
      participating in interaction with the sterol. The protective effect of the sterol
      suspended in solution and included into the composition of the liposomes from egg
      lecithin was studied. It was found that the sterols of the resistant cultures of
      C. albicans had the same (or even somewhat higher) affinity to amphotericin B as
      those from the sensitive cultures. The data indicate that resistance of the
      strains studied is not based on the loss of the sterol capacity for binding
      polyenic antibiotics.

PMID- 386939
TI  - [Conjugative properties of the R factors found in 2 different strains of
      Escherichia coli].
AB  - The transfer frequency of R124-17, RI, RI-19 and RP4 factors as dependent on the
      origin of the donor strain was studied. The transfer frequencies of these factors
      from E. coli W strains are much lower than those from the strains of E. coli K12.
      The effect is connected neither with the repression of the tra-genes, nor with
      the restriction enzymes activity against the alien DNA in the recipient bacteria.

PMID- 386941
TI  - On Leeuwenhoek's magnifications.
AB  - The thesis of this communication is that the 'secret method' of Leeuwenhoek was
      the augmentation of the magnification of his single glass lens by the refraction
      at the quasi-hemispherical surface of a column of liquid containing the
      microorganisms. The linear increase in magnification thus secured could be as
      much as three-fold, depending on the degree of curvature of the liquid surface,
      the diameter of the column of liquid, and the index of refraction necessary for
      observation of details beyond the resolution of his best glass lenses. The
      hypothesis also accounts for the second part of the secret method, the high
      density of microorganisms in a single field of view, by successive recostitutions
      of the curved surface of the medium.

PMID- 386940
TI  - [Ampicillin treatment trial in gonorrhea recurrences].
AB  - The results of using ampicillin in treatment of 54 gonorrhea patients (41 males
      and 13 females) previously treated with other antibiotics without success are
      presented. Ampicillin was used in a daily dose of 500 mg administered 5 times a
      day at equal intervals and an 8-hour interval during the night time. The course
      dose was 6--10 g. Patients with chronic and fresh gonorrhea with insignificantly
      pronounced symptoms were subjected to immunotherapy before the treatment with
      ampicillin. Pure gonococcal strains sensitive to ampicillin were isolated from 16
      patients before the ampicillin use. Clinical improvement after the treatment with
      ampicillin in most of the patients was observed by the end of the 1st day and was
      evident from elimination of the urethral discharges, absence of urination colics
      and urea clarification. Etiological recovery was recorded in all the gonorrhea
      patients due to the treatment with ampicillin. All the patients were crossed off
      the register. The clinical and laboratory investigations showed high efficiency
      of ampicillin in treatment of gonorrhea relapses. The antibiotic is rapidly
      absorbed into the blood. Its therapeutic blood levels are maintained during 24
      hours. It is well tolerated by the patients.

PMID- 386938
TI  - [Effect of amphotericin B on the energy metabolism of tissue forms of Candida
      albicans].
AB  - Dehydrogenase activity of the tissue form cells of C. albicans during the
      infection process in albino mice with and without amphotericin B treatment was
      studied. The strength of the metabolic reactions resulting in accumulation of ATP
      was evident from the activity of 4 main enzymes, i.e. succinate dehydrogenase,
      lactate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase. The enzymatic activity was determined by the tetrasol method based
      on formation of diphormazan. Investigation of the fungal cells 10 minutes after
      the infection showed that preliminary intravenous or intraperitoneal
      administration of amphotericin B did not change the activity of the tissue forms.
      The cytochemical characteristics of the fungal cells remained the same as that in
      the untreated animals. Six hours after infection of the animals treated with
      amphotericin B administered intravenously the fungus vegetation decreased from 52
      to 38 per cent, while in the animals treated with amphotericin B administered
      intraperitoneally it was suppressed completely. Simultaneously the energy
      metabolism was also suppressed, the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase being
      suppressed most significantly. The activity of this enzyme in the cells of C.
      albicans isolated from the animals treated with the antibiotic administered
      intraperitoneally was 14 times lower than that in the cells of the culture
      isolated from the control animals.

PMID- 386942
TI  - Rate of drying and the survival of microorganisms.
AB  - The survival rate of cells of the genera Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas,
      Mycobacterium, Escherichia, Micrococcus and Saccharomyces when counted
      immediately after fast or slow drying (20 minutes and 24 hours, respectively) was
      rather similar. However, after prolonged periods of dry storage, the number of
      viable cells after slow drying was much higher as compared with the rapidly dried
      cells. Investigations with Escherichia coli demonstrated this phenomenon only
      when more than about 8 mg of water per 10(8) cells was available on a filter
      paper disc. In order to obtain optimum resistance to water loss the dessication
      period of 0.025 ml of suspension of E. coli must be longer than 13 hours.

PMID- 386943
TI  - Growth inhibition of Candida albicans by folate pathway inhibitors. Their
      potential in the selection of auxotrophs.
AB  - Growth studies were conducted on C. albicans in a glucose - salts - biotin (GSB)
      medium in the presence of folate inhibitors. Sulfanilamide inhibited growth which
      was restored by PABA or tetrahydrofolate (THF). Aminopterin inhibited growth to
      about the same level as did sulfanilamide, but this inhibition was not reversed
      with PABA nor THF, singly or in combination. Inhibition by combined sulfanilamide
      and aminopterin was synergistic, reducing growth by more than 90% for 48 h. The
      sulfanilamide component of the combined inhibition was reversed by PABA or THF to
      the level of that of aminopterin alone. Cytochrome synthesis was not affected by
      the inhibitors, but marked increases occurred in alpha-ketoglutarate, malate,
      isocitrate, and pyruvate dehydrogenases, especially in the presence of both
      inhibitors. The pyrimidines in combination with sulfanilamide were as inhibitory
      as was the combination of aminopterin and sulfanilamide, but they had no effect
      when added alone or in combination with aminopterin. Unlike the pyrimidines, the
      purines stimulated about a 50% recovery from inhibition by either of the
      inhibitors. Growth inhibition by combined sulfanilamide and aminopterin was
      overcome by about 50% by the addition of the THF-mediated end-produits:
      deoxythymidylate, adenine, histidine and methionine. The use of GSB medium
      containing adenine, histidine, methionine and the folate inhibitors but without
      deoxythymidylate resulted in thymineless death of prototrophic cells providing a
      method for the selection of auxotrophic mutants.

PMID- 386944
TI  - Competition between an Escherichia coli tyrosine auxotroph and a prototrophic
      revertant in glucose- and tyrosine-limited chemostats.
AB  - A tyrosine-requiring strain of Escherichia coli was grown in tyrosine-limited
      chemostats at a range of dilution rates between 0.08 h-1 and 0.42 h-1, conditions
      which always resulted in the selection of a prototrophic revertant population
      able to synthesise tyrosine. Analysis of the two-membered mixed cultures which
      arose showed that the prototrophic population outgrew the auxotroph since its
      growth rate was not restricted by the growth-limiting concentrations of exogenous
      tyrosine. During the take-over of the culture, the prototroph population grew
      exponentially but the specific growth rate increased with decreasing dilution
      rate of the competition experiments. In glucose-limited chemostats (in the
      presence of non-growth-limiting concentrations of tyrosine) of the tyrosine
      requiring strain, prototrophs were never detected. Constructed two-membered mixed
      cultures with both populations competing for limiting amounts of glucose, showed
      that the prototroph was less competitive than the auxotroph.

PMID- 386945
TI  - Effects of fungicides on Aspergillus fumigatus.
AB  - Aspergillus fumigatus was the most frequently isolated thermophilous fungus from
      green leaf surfaces. The application of fungicides significantly reduced the
      frequency of its occurrence there. A. fumigatus was relatively tolerant to
      fungicides. On Captan-, Thiram-, and Verdasan-treated leaves, A. fumigatus
      constituted 66%--80% of the total number of isolates obtained at 45 degrees C
      from each treatment while Dicloran did not depress the percentages. At 45 degrees
      C, A. fumigatus was found to be strongly cellulolytic with a slow rate of radial
      extension on YpSs agar and rapid rate of mycelial growth in Czapek Dox liquid
      medium. Increasing concentrations of all four fungicides reduced or prevented
      growth, sporulation, starch depletion and cellulose clearing of A. fumigatus. The
      fungus could tolerate higher concentrations of HgCl2 than of Verdasan. 2.5
      microgram/ml of the four fungicides altered the rates of mycelial growth but not
      the maximum amount of mycelial dry weight attained.

PMID- 386946
TI  - Glucose uptake by Klebsiella aerogenes. The role of the glucose
      phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase transport system [proceedings].

PMID- 386948
TI  - A simple and rapid technique for coding petri dishes [proceedings].

PMID- 386947
TI  - R-plasmid persistence in Escherichia coli grown in chemostat cultures
      [proceedings].

PMID- 386950
TI  - Sterility testing [proceedings].

PMID- 386949
TI  - Enumeration of microorganisms in foods with the spiral plate maker [proceedings].

PMID- 386951
TI  - The monograph "methods of sterilisation" in the new edition of the Dutch
      Pharmacopoeia [proceedings].

PMID- 386952
TI  - [Some experimental evidences for immune functions of interstitial plasma-cells of
      the submaxillary glands (author's transl)].
AB  - Interstitial plasma-like cells, constantly present in the submaxillary glands,
      are they endocrine cells or true plasma-cells? They do not show any change in
      case of hypertrophy of the salivary glands which is observed under isoproterenol
      repeated administration. In contrary their number increase greatly during the
      immunologic stimulation by human albumin injections in the Hamster cheek pouches.
      So, it does appear that they would be true plasma cells involved in
      immunoglobulins synthesis.

PMID- 386953
TI  - [Contribution to the morphological study of mouse odontogenesis. Causality of
      tooth differentiation (author's transl)].
AB  - Odontogenesis in mouse is characterized by progressive morphogenesis and
      cytodifferentiation. Temporal dispacing was observed between the cusps of the
      same tooth and between lower and upper homologous teeth. These phenomenons
      underlined the importance of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and the role of
      the stage of differentiation reached by the different cells before overt
      differentiation could be initiated.

PMID- 386955
TI  - [The connective network of the spleen from a 18 cm long (crown-rump) human
      foetus. Plastic reconstruction and some reflections concerning the architecture
      of the human spleen (author's transl)].
AB  - In the human foetus, the splenic function is double: metabolic action and blood
      storage. The primitive structure of the spleen is more clearly demonstrated at
      that stage than in the newborn or the adult. 1. Our negative reconstruction by
      means of "Hominit" and "Negokoll" demonstrates the connective network of the
      spleen from a 18 cm long (crown-rump) human foetus with a linear magnification of
      300. The complete model is 15 cm high. 2. Dimensions: :formula (see text):3. In
      man the connective network originates from the capsule and from the trabecular
      ramifications. 4. In the 18 cm long foetus, there is an intense budding of
      cylindrical radiating trabeculae from the internal face of the capsule. 5. At the
      same stage, the undercapsular network is still incomplete. It firstly appears
      between the radiating trabeculae and the periphery of the venous trabeculae. 6.
      We divide the splenic parenchyma into two zones: an outer layer (undercapsular)
      and an inner layer which shows itself an internal and an external zone. 7. The
      internal zone contains the 1st to 3rd order ramifications of the trabecular tree
      (vascular trabeculae with venous and arterial components). The external zone
      corresponds to the 4th, 5th and 6th order ramifications (venous trabeculae). 8.
      The splenic lobules are delimited from the connective network. Their dimensions
      are as follows: :formula (see text):.

PMID- 386954
TI  - [The vascular patterns in choroid tela of the fourth ventricle in cat (Felis
      domestica) (author's transl)].
AB  - The tela choroidea of the fourth ventricle of the cat is vascularized principally
      by the caudal cerebellar artery and secondarily by the dorsal plexus of the
      medulla oblongata. The choroidal branches that result from these two systems give
      the capillary network of the choroidal plexus. This drains rostrally into the
      emissary veins, tributaries of the cerebellar veins, or caudally, towards the
      dorsal plexus of the medulla oblongata, which is itself a tributary of the
      rostral petrosal veins.

PMID- 386956
TI  - [Perturbations of the implantation, the foetal growth and the foetal
      morphogenesis after ligatures of uterine artery terminal vessels in the rabbit
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Uterine terminal vessels are ligatured in the rabbit. These reduction of the
      utero-placental blood supply during the pregnancy is one "intra-uterine growth
      retardation" factor. These I.U.G.R. rabbits shown one important decrease of their
      total cellular population. More the intervention is executed near the term more
      the cerebral mass is affected. At the beginning of the pregnancy one teratogenic
      effect is superadded to the I.U.G.R. effect. Modification of the blood supply
      before pregnancy with the same proceeding product on decrease of the
      implantation, one I.U.G.R. effect and one teratogenic effect.

PMID- 386958
TI  - [Data on lymph-node morphology correlated with immunological function: for use in
      biopsy practice].

PMID- 386957
TI  - [Post-traumatic pulmonary hematoma (caused by closed thoracic injuries).
      Bibliographic review and presentation of original case reports].

PMID- 386960
TI  - [100 Years of "stuckchen"-diagnosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 386959
TI  - [Fibroleiomyoma of the epididymis. Study of a case and review of the literature].

PMID- 386961
TI  - Synoviorthesis with erbium-169: a double-blind controlled comparison of erbium
      169 with corticosteroid.
AB  - Intra-articular injections of erbium--169 citrate and methylprednisolone acetate
      in hand joints were compared in a randomly selected double-blind trial. The
      patients included 21 with rheumatoid arthritis and 3 with psoriatic arthritis,
      and the design was an intrapatient comparison. No difference between joints
      treated with the radioisotope or steroid was observed in the year following
      injection.

PMID- 386962
TI  - Measurement of clinical change in progressive systemic sclerosis: a 1 year double
      blind placebo-controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine.
AB  - N-acetylcysteine was employed as a therapeutic agent in a 1-year, parallel,
      double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective study of 22 patients with
      progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Patients were closely followed-up and were
      extensively evaluated at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Most parameters remained
      unchanged during 1 year of study in both the NAC and placebo groups, which showed
      the need for prolonged studies of drugs in PSS if definitive results are to be
      obtained. Over the year of the study the diffusing capacity decreased in both
      groups, while several other parameters measured both increased and decreased.
      Several simple measures of function and skin distensibility were tested and two
      (oral aperature and handspread) were reproducible and sensitive enough to measure
      moderate changes of disease activity. They may be useful in future trials of drug
      effect in PSS.

PMID- 386963
TI  - Experimental studies on the effect of proguanil and dapsone against chloroquine
      resistant Plasmodium berghei (ANKA) in white mice.

PMID- 386964
TI  - The indirect fluorescent antibody test for diagnosis of kala-azar infection in
      Iraq.

PMID- 386965
TI  - Studies of the susceptibility of Culex pipiens fatigans from non-endemic filarial
      areas to urban Wuchereria bancrofti.

PMID- 386966
TI  - Microtus agrestis and Clethrionomys glareolus as experimental hosts of New World
      Leishmania.

PMID- 386968
TI  - Biochemistry of intraerythrocytic parasites. II. Comparative studies in
      carbohydrate metabolism.
AB  - Comparative studies were carried out on the glucose catabolism of mouse
      erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium berghei, Plasmodium yoelii, Babesia
      rodhaini, Babesia microti and Anthemosoma garnhami, as well as on uninfected
      erythrocytes and reticulocytes. The results showed that there was little
      qualitative difference between the glucose utilization and lactate production of
      the parasites although quantitative differences between malaria parasites and
      piroplasms were observed. The rate of glucose utilization of the infected cells
      was at least an order of magnitude higher than the rate for uninfected
      erythrocytes. Reticulocytes were also shown to have higher rates of glucose
      utilization and lactate production than uninfected erythrocytes.

PMID- 386967
TI  - Biochemistry of intraerythrocytic parasites. I. Identification of enzymes of
      parasite origin by starch-gel electrophoresis.
AB  - Enzymes of parasite origin were identified by starch-gel electrophoresis. The
      species of parasite studied were Plasmodium berghei, Plasmodium yoelii
      nigeriensis, Babesia rodhaini and Anthemosoma garnhami. Lactate dehydrogenase,
      glucose phosphate isomerase and (NADP) glutamate dehydrogenase were detected in
      all species; phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was detected in both Plasmodium
      species but malate dehydrogenase only in P. y. nigeriensis. Glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were not
      detected in any parasite.

PMID- 386970
TI  - Studies on Plasmodium falciparum in continuous cultivation. I. The effect of
      chloroquine and pyrimethamine on parasite growth and viability.
AB  - Recent advances in the in vitro study of human malaria have provided the
      knowledge to maintain Plasmodium falciparum in continuous culture. Using
      relatively cheap and easily obtainable materials it is now possible to study many
      parameters including parasite chemotherapy. The activity of two standard
      antimalarials, chloroquine and pyrimethamine, has been examined in vitro. The
      effect on the parasite is easily observed and can be measured not only as a
      decrease in parasite density, but also as the viability of the remaining
      parasites after drug pressure. Both chloroquine and pyrimethine showed activity
      against P. falciparum in vitro in concentrations equivalent to those obtained in
      plasma levels in vivo. The technique is very reproducible and offers a most
      valuable tool to the research worker.

PMID- 386969
TI  - Abnormal haemoglobins in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria. II. Immunological response
      to malaria in normals and subjects with sickle cell trait.
AB  - Children born in areas hyperendemic for Plasmodium falciparum are protected by
      maternal antibodies for up to about five months of life, after which they are
      subject to intense infection until they acquire sufficient immunity--by about
      five years of age. Children with sickle cell trait (Hb.AS) are at an advantage
      during these critical years, probably because of preferential phagocytosis of
      parasitized red cells. This could lead to either (i) early processing of antigen
      by macrophages and an accelerated immune response, or (ii) less antigenic
      stimulus and hence lower antibody production. Immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM
      determinations, agar gel diffusion (Ouchterlony) against soluble P. falciparum
      antigen, the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test using P. falciparum and P.
      malariae antigens, and the indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test with P.
      falciparum antigen were performed on sera from a population with different Hb
      electrophoretic types in the hyperendemic malarial area of Garki, Kano State,
      Nigeria. Plasma immunoglobulins and antimalarial antibodies rose with age. After
      the first year of life, lower mean concentrations of immunoglobulins (especially
      IgM), and lower mean titres of antibodies specific against P. falciparum
      (Ouchterlony, IHA and less significantly IFA) were present in Hb.AS compared to
      Hb.AA; these differences increased with age. Antimalarial intervention was
      followed by a decline of all values and final levels showed little difference
      between haemoglobin types. It was unlikely that either a relative inability to
      produce antibody or a more rapid catabolism of immunoglobulins was responsible
      for the lower levels in sickle cell trait. The observations are more easily
      explained by the hypothesis that Hb.AS persons have less antigenic stimulus due
      to the early removal of parasitized sickled cells by macrophages, which then
      degrade the antigens. The antibody difference between Hb.AA and Hb.AS increased
      throughout life, suggesting that this process remained a feature of sickle cell
      trait even after parasite frequencies and densities were similar in the two Hb
      groups. These observations have implications in the aetiology of tropical
      splenomegaly syndrome, which is rarely seen in sickle cell trait subjects. Mean
      IgG and IgM were slightly higher in Hb.AS than Hb.AA infants, the difference for
      IgG achieving significance. This suggested that during infancy early phagocytosis
      of parasitized cells had led to enhanced processing of antigen and hence an
      earlier immune response in Hb.AS, but this was unlikely to be a major factor in
      survival. IFA titres against P. malariae were slightly but not significantly
      lower in Hb.AS, possibly as a result of cross-reaction with P. falciparum
      antibody or of a slight degree of protection against P. malariae.

PMID- 386971
TI  - Two eightieth anniversaries at the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.

PMID- 386972
TI  - Biochemistry of intraerythrocytic parasites III. Biochemical taxonomy of rodent
      Babesia.
AB  - Biochemical methods were investigated for use in taxonomic studies on Babesia.
      The techniques used were variation in the mobility of parasite enzymes on starch
      gels after electrophoresis and the measurement of the buoyant density of the DNA
      of the parasites. The study was carried out on four rodent species of Babesia (B.
      microti, B. rodhaini, B. hylomysci and B. muratovi) as well as two human isolates
      of Babesia believed to be of rodent origin. In addition a related piroplasm of
      rodents, Anthemosoma garnhami, was also investigated. The results indicate that
      biochemical methods would be of value in taxonomic studies on Babesia.

PMID- 386973
TI  - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone test for hypogonadic men.
AB  - Gonadotropin patterns before and after stimulation with gonadotropin-releasing
      hormone (GnRH) have been studied in 69 hypogonadic men of various types: patients
      with expansive hypothalamus--pituitary disorders before and after surgery,
      patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and patients with oligozoospermia or
      azoospermia who have primary partial or total testicular deficiency. Three
      characteristic gonadotropin patterns were found: (a) low basal values of LH and
      FSH with either absent or decreased and delayed responses; (b) normal basal
      values and pituitary responses above the normal range; or (c) high basal values
      and pituitary responses above the normal range. These gonadotropin patterns were
      correlated with disorders of the hypothalamus--pituitary--testis axis. The
      advantages and disadvantages of the GnRH test for the clinical evaluation of male
      hypogonadism are discussed.

PMID- 386974
TI  - [Administration of equally divided doses of propylthiouracil every two-eight
      hours in hyperthyroidism].
AB  - Serum propylthiouracil semi splitting occurs in 1.1 and 1.65 hours when
      administered in a single dose. In this work treatment for hyperthyroid patients
      is described; 350 mg were administered daily in divided doses, every two and
      eight hours. In group A fifteen patients received 50 mg every two hours from 8:00
      to 20:00 hs. and in group B nine patients were administered 100, 100 and 150 mg
      at 8 hour intervals. The patients were hospitalized the first seven days and
      during this time circulating triiodothyronine and thyroxine concentrations were
      measured daily at 8:00 and 20:00 hrs. and then at 8:00 hrs. at days 8, 14, 21 and
      28. After almost one week of treatment, in group "A", seven patients (46.6 per
      cent p 0.05) had normal concentration levels in both hormones. In group "B" only
      one patient reached normal levels in the first eight days. The administration of
      propylthiouracil every two hours is a useful procedure to attain the euthyroid
      state in less time than with other therapeutic patterns without undesirable side
      effects.

PMID- 386976
TI  - Dr. William Harvey's Italian connections.

PMID- 386975
TI  - [Art vandalism: criminological and criminalistic thoughts on a phenomenon
      neglected till now in the area of art and criminality].

PMID- 386977
TI  - [Congenital galactosemia detected by severe Escherichia coli infections].
AB  - Three babies with untreated galactosaemia presented with severe coliform
      infections in the first month of life. The frequency of coliform infections in
      untreated patients is emphasised. Galactosaemia should be considered in any baby
      with a severe coliform infection.

PMID- 386978
TI  - A computer-controlled mass-screening programme for early detection of cervical
      cancer and its pre-stages in the district of Rostock (G.D.R.).

PMID- 386979
TI  - [Use of computer-aided x-ray diagnosis in oncology (author's transl)].
AB  - The introduction of computer-aided diagnostic reveals new perspectives for
      diagnostic decisions. The results of the hitherto used mathematical diagnostic
      models are represented. The Bayes's theorem as the most used model exhibited very
      different, in parts unsatisfactory results. More convenient seems to be
      multivariate models, like discriminant analysis. Hitherto the computer-sided
      diagnostic was used in a relative small number of differential diagnostic
      problems. There are yet many replying questions. It is necessary to compare the
      efficiency of the different mathematical-statistical methods and to search for
      optimal solution ways for all differential diagnostic problems.

PMID- 386980
TI  - [Berlin physicians in the 1st half of the 19th cent. in the memoirs of Polish
      physicians].

PMID- 386981
TI  - [Repercussions of the Polish November resurrection (1831) at the Koenigsberg
      University].

PMID- 386982
TI  - [Rudolf Virchov and the problems of Polish independence as well as of social
      questions].

PMID- 386983
TI  - [An anonymous publication of 1848, dealing with the epidemic of typhoid in Upper
      Silesia, and highly valued by Rudolf Virchov].

PMID- 386984
TI  - [Johann Metzig (1804-1868) -- German physician and friend of Poles].

PMID- 386986
TI  - [Supplementary studies of H. Kadyi at the Leipzig University].

PMID- 386987
TI  - [Significance of Antoni Jurasz for modern rhinolaryngology].

PMID- 386985
TI  - [Ludwik Bierkowski (1806-1860) and his endeavors to obtain a chair at the Berlin
      Charite Hosital].

PMID- 386988
TI  - [German Medical Society in Paris].

PMID- 386989
TI  - [Studies of liver's reticuloendothelial cells by Tadeusz Browicz and Karl
      Kupffer. A historical outline].

PMID- 386990
TI  - [History of the Department of Pediatrics of the Breslau University headed by
      Adalbert Czerny (1863-1941) during the years 1894-1910].

PMID- 386991
TI  - [Jan Mikulioz Radecki im Wroclaw].

PMID- 386992
TI  - [Scientific works of the Polish histologist Wladyslaw Szymanowicz during his stay
      in Berlin in the years 1895 and 1896].

PMID- 386994
TI  - [Alexander Christiani (1587-1637) -- an antagonist of Copernicus in Greifswald.
      Contribution to research on Copernicus].

PMID- 386993
TI  - [History of Polish and German medical ex libris].

PMID- 386995
TI  - [Old medical prints at the convent of St. Claire's Sisters Library in Stary
      Sacz].

PMID- 386996
TI  - Effect of preimplantation treatment on the bone-forming potential of decalcified
      allogeneic and xenogeneic bone-matrix implants.
AB  - Bone-forming property of 0.6 M HCl decalcified (a) allogeneic bone matrix
      preserved in 70% alcohol, (b) allogeneic bone matrix preserved in anaesthetic
      ether, (c) allogeneic 'Ossein' provided by the Leather Research Institute,
      Madras, and (d) xenogeneic bone-matrix preserved in alcohol was studied by
      fitting the implants in surgically created complete circumferential osteo
      periosteal gaps in the ulna of rabbits. Bone formation was assessed
      radiologically, macroscopically, histologically, and by tetracycline fluorescence
      up to 16 postimplantation weeks. Successful bridging of the gap by new bone
      formation was observed in 75% of (a) and 28.6% of (d) preserved up to 2 weeks.
      Ether-preserved implants did not induce bone formation. The 'Ossein' implants
      remained as inert material neither invaded by host cells nor inducing any bone
      formation. The xenogeneic implants exhibited local immune response which was
      probably responsible for poor osteogeneic response. Bone forming quality of bone
      matrix implants appears to be influenced by the chemical treatment during
      preparation and preservation, host cellular response and immune reaction invoked
      by the implant.

PMID- 386997
TI  - Helping one another: a speculative history of the self-help movement.
AB  - The Independent Living Movement represents a direct challenge to current notions
      of rehabilitation (see the article by Gerben DeJong in this issue). It is a
      unique challenge, spearheaded not by new technical advances but by a new social
      awareness, and not from within by medical personnel but from without by lay
      groups. In another sense, however, it is but the latest evolution of an old theme
      in American life--the notion of self-help. This paper traces the history of self
      help, to illuminate the problems and prospects of the Independent Living
      Movement.

PMID- 386999
TI  - [Desiderius Miskolczy. 1894-1978].

PMID- 386998
TI  - Attendant care as a prototype independent living service.
AB  - Of all the services and programs associated with the movement for independent
      living, attendant care has particular symbolic significance for the movement's
      adherents. Because it is a self-directed service, attendant care can be
      contrasted with home health services which are directed by professionals and
      agencies. This article demonstrates how attendant care mirrors key independent
      living values and concepts, partially by evaluating the provisions of attendant
      care services under titles XIX and XX of the Social Security Act. An analysis is
      made of how selected states have used titles XIX and XX authority to make self
      directed attendant care services available. Consideration is also given to how
      selected eligibility criteria for titles XIX and XX create serious work
      disincentives that compromise the independent living goals implicit in self
      directed attendant care services. Funding prospects and their effect are on the
      future of attendant care also are discussed.

PMID- 387000
TI  - DL-phenylalanine versus imipramine: a double-blind controlled study.
AB  - In a double-blind study, DL-phenylalanine (150--200 mg/24 h) or imipramine (150-
      200 mg/24 h) was administered to 40 depressed patients (20 patients in each
      group) for 30 days. Diagnoses were established according to the International
      Classification of Disease (ICD). The AMP system, the Hamilton Depression Scale
      and the Bf-S self rating questionnaire (von Zerssen et al., 1974) were used to
      document psychopathological, neurologic, and somatic changes. Twenty-seven
      patients (14 on imipramine, 13 on phenylalanine) completed the 30-day trial. No
      statistical difference could be found between these two drug treatment groups
      (Student's t-test) using the Hamilton Depression Scale and the Bf-S self rating
      questionnaire. Ratings for anxiety were significantly lower in the imipramine
      group on days 10 and 20, but not on day 30; in addition, sleep disturbances were
      more influenced by imipramine on days 1, 5, and 10, but not on days 20 and 30.
      Separate analysis of psychopathological syndromes as somatic depressive syndrome
      and retarded depressive syndrome did not show a group difference (0.05 level of
      significance using a two-way analysis of variance). It is concluded that DL
      phenylalanine might have substantial antidepresant properties. However, certain
      methodological considerations still warrant a careful interpretation.

PMID- 387001
TI  - Effects of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone on sexual arousal in normal men.
AB  - Six normal adult male subjects were administered either luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LRH, 500 micrograms, intramuscularly injected) or a saline
      placebo 10 min before a 40-min laboratory session in which they were exposed to
      erotic stimuli; subjects attended four such sessions, twice receiving LRH and
      twice the placebo in a balanced, double-blind, crossover design. Sexual arousal
      was inferred from degree of tumescence, with penile circumference measured by a
      mercury-in-rubber strain gauge. Heart rate was monitored continuously, and blood
      samples were taken periodically and assayed for serum luteinizing hormone (LH),
      follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone (T). Rapidity of onset of
      erection, maximum degree of erection obtained, and overall levels of tumescence
      were consistently greater following LRH administration than following saline
      placebo; however, the differences were not statistically significant. The
      anticipated LH and FSH response to LRH was noted as well as a small increment in
      LH levels following erotic stimulation. No significant alteration in serum
      testosterone was observed within the time sampled. There were no significant
      correlations between hormonal data and any measurement of penile tumescence. In
      view of the results, further investigation of the behavioral effects of LRH
      appears justified.

PMID- 387002
TI  - 27th scientific meeting of the International Cardiovascular Society, Nashville,
      Tenn, June 28-30, 1979.

PMID- 387003
TI  - [Vladimir Vasil'evich Kovanov (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 387004
TI  - [State of several rat hematopoietic organs following total and subtotal
      irradiation and after bone marrow autotransplantation].
AB  - Hemopoiesis was studied in rats after x-ray irradiation. Lethal doses of 800--820
      R were applied totally, with screening the shin and with subsequent
      autotransplantation of bone marrow taken from noninjured hemopoietic tissue.
      Survival of the animals and status of hemopoietic organs (quantitative indices of
      the peripheral blood, bone marrow and the spleen, as well as morphological
      changes in hemopoietic organs) served as tests. All totally irradiated animals
      died by the 20th day, the 30th day in the group of screened animals 32% survived,
      in the group with autotransplantation of bone marrow--62%. According to the
      indices studied restoration of hemopoiesis proceeded more quickly and completely
      in the group with autotransplantation of bone marrow and somewhat slower in the
      group with screening the shin (but without autotransplantation); this was
      accompanied by repopulation of bone marrow comparing with the totally irradiated
      animals. Restoration of the hemopoietic organs was followed by a comparatively
      rapid increase in the number of myeloid cells, while the number of lymphoid cells
      increased more slowly.

PMID- 387005
TI  - [Glycoproteins and proteoglycans. Principles for histochemically analyzing them].

PMID- 387006
TI  - [In memory of Viktor Valerianovich Bunak].

PMID- 387007
TI  - [Effect of long-term thyroxine administration on the endocrine epithelium of rat
      pancreas].
AB  - The effect of prolonged thyroxine administration (0.001 mg/g BW) on pancreatic
      islets has been studied on 64 Wistar male rats by means of radioautographic,
      morphometric and electron microscopic methods. The phase response in the amount
      of the DNA-synthesising cells of the middle class islets has been revealed: the
      initial increase (5 days) is followed by a decrease (30 days) and then by a
      return to the control levels (60 days). The level of metabolism in sulphur
      containing proteins has decreased in both A- and B-cells. After 30 days of the
      experiment, B/A cell volume ratio has been shown to increase. Electron
      microscopic studies have revealed ultrastructural reorganization of B-cells from
      "resting" B-cells into "dark" B-cells at increased excretion of secretory
      material.

PMID- 387008
TI  - [Viacheslav Alekseevich Afanas'ev (on the 120th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 387010
TI  - Flunisolide intranasal spray in the treatment of perennial rhinitis.
AB  - A flunisolide-containing intranasal spray and matching placebo were used in an
      eight-week, double-blind parallel study in 67 patients with perennial rhinitis.
      Seventeen patients who did not benefit from treatment with the placebo then
      switched to flunisolide for a six-week open trial. Flunisolide-treated patients
      showed greater improvement in both duration and severity of symptoms, as well as
      a greater preference for flunisolide; 75% of patients either had "mild" symptoms
      or were asymptomatic and 67% stated that they experienced "substantial" or
      "total" control of symptoms. No serious side effects were encountered. Chief side
      effects in both drug and placebo groups were brief, mild, nasal burning and
      stinging on spray application. The drug exhibited no adverse effects on adrenal
      function (morning plasma cortisol levels).

PMID- 387011
TI  - Thread augmentation.
AB  - A review of thread augmentation has added helpful points to the technique and
      given an opportunity to assess the long-range results. It is obvious at this
      stage that there is no panacea for the wrinkling process. Each technique has
      advantages and disadvantages. The simplicity and low complication rate of thread
      augmentation supports this appeal. It is reasonable to state that the full
      application of the concept of this type of augmentation has not as yet been
      realized with this ongoing principle. This technique has been found of value when
      used as a single procedure or in combination with blepharoplasty or rhytidectomy.

PMID- 387012
TI  - The composite bridge.

PMID- 387009
TI  - The antimalaria programme in Singapore, with special reference to the period 1974
      - 1978.

PMID- 387013
TI  - Biological methods of dental caries prevention. A review.
AB  - A number of measures by which tooth resistance could be increased or by which
      potentially cariogenic bacteria could be eliminated or their deleterious effects
      minimized are discussed. Many of them have proved valuable at the individual
      patient level but cannot be applied as a public health measure.

PMID- 387014
TI  - The dental application of electroformed pure gold. I. Porcelain jacket crown
      technique.
AB  - The use of gold electroforms provides (1) a porcelain jacket crown and adaptable
      gold margin; (2) a matrix for porcelain inlays; (3) an adaptable margin for cast
      ceramic bonded to metal crowns or abutments. Further, by the application of
      electrodeposited tin to the gold, excellent bonding of porcelain occurs. This
      system can be used advantageously as a substrate for bonding porcelain to metals.

PMID- 387015
TI  - An electron microprobe investigation of the extent of microsegregation occurring
      in base metal dental casting alloys.
AB  - Standard tensile specimens were cast from a cobalt base commercial partial
      denture casting alloy, and from a nickel base alloy. Specimens from the castings
      were examined metallographically. The electron microprobe was used in order to
      determine the degree of microsegregation present.

PMID- 387016
TI  - The plague and its place in history.
AB  - An outline is presented of the various pan-epidemics of a disease which has been
      in the past one of mankind's greatest scourges--the plague. Its pathogenesis,
      spread and effect on the course of history from biblical times until the
      seventeenth century is traced with a detailed review of the origins of the Black
      Death. The opinion is forwarded that plague has had a greater impact on the
      course of human history than any war or any other single disease.

PMID- 387017
TI  - The Henry Windsor lecture: Part I: The life of Henry Windsor.

PMID- 387018
TI  - The structure and function of the Burns Unit at the Royal Perth Hospital.
AB  - This article describes the design of the Burns Unit at the Royal Perth Hospital,
      and emphasizes the importance of flexibility, while at the same time providing
      opportunities for isolation and the control of infection. The manner in which the
      Unit functions is described with special reference to a modified hospital bed
      which facilitates bathing of the patient. Control of infection and early
      replacement of full thickness skin loss have been regarded as essential. The
      facilities and the treatment regime adopted have been shown to produce excellent
      results.

PMID- 387019
TI  - Cephaloridine prophylaxis in resection of the large intestine.
AB  - A controlled prospective clinical trial of cephaloridine chemoprophylaxis in
      resection of the large intestine was undertaken between 1974 and 1978. Data were
      available on 159 of 177 unselected patients. All were operated on by one surgeon.
      Three groups were studied: intraabdominal resection and anastomosis (102
      patients); pullthrough resection and anastomosis (30 patients): and resection,
      with colostomy or ileostomy, without anastomosis (27 patients). In the total
      patient series cephaloridine reduced wound infection from 38.3% to 15.4% (P less
      than 0.003). There was no significant decrease in intraabdominal infection. In
      the group of patients undergoing intraabdominal resection and anastomosis the
      would infection rate was reduced from 40.0% to 14.9% (P less than 0.01).
      Cephaloridine reduced wound infection from 50.0% to 21.4% (P = 0.05) in those
      patients in whom drainage tubes were inserted. A decrease in the incidence of
      faecal fistula from 10.9% to 4.3% was not significant. Wound infections were not
      reduced significantly after pullthrough excisions or resections without
      anastomosis. The results support the routine prophylactic use of cephalosporins
      in patients undergoing intraabdominal resection of the large intestine with
      anastomosis.

PMID- 387022
TI  - Psychosomatic medicine: a review of the discipline.

PMID- 387023
TI  - Evaluation of assisted positive pressure breathing on +Gz tolerance.
AB  - The effect of both assisted and unassisted positive pressure (PPB) breathing on
      +Gz tolerance was evaluated. A GOR (gradual onset rate = 0.1 G/s) acceleration
      profile was used to evaluate five different experimental conditions: 1) G-suit
      only, 2) G suit + unassisted PPB, 3) G suit + PPB assisted by the English jerkin,
      4) G suit + PPB assisted by the Canadian waistcoat, and 5) the Swedish
      counterpressure garment G suit combination. Acceleration tolerances for these
      experimental conditions (excluding the Swedish garment) with the subjects
      performing M-1 maneuvers were measured using an exhaustive ACM (Aerial Combat
      Maneuvers) acceleration profile. GOR tolerances were similar for both assisted
      and unassisted PPB with the pressure breathing experimental conditions providing
      a significant GOR tolerance increase over the G suit only condition. Assisted PPB
      increased ACM tolerances over both unassisted PPB and G suit only conditions. It
      appears that assisted PPB may offer a practical method for reducing the fatigue
      associated with exposure to high G.

PMID- 387020
TI  - Lithium prophylaxis: is the honeymoon over?

PMID- 387021
TI  - The mental illness of Captain Hyndman.
AB  - The mental illness of Captain Charles Robertson Hyndman resulted in his
      compulsory hospitalization in Tarban Creek Asylum in 1843 and 1864-1866. His
      illness, and the question of mental health law which was subsequently raised,
      were of great significance for the colony of New South Wales in that it led to
      the first specific lunacy legislation in the state. The issues raised are still
      the fundamental questions with which contemporary mental health law is concerned.

PMID- 387024
TI  - Early human centrifuge in U.S. put in mothballs by Mayo Clinic.

PMID- 387025
TI  - Structural vascular adaptations during the developmental stages of hypertension
      in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.

PMID- 387026
TI  - D-, L-, and 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptakes in the isolated blood perfused dog hearts.

PMID- 387027
TI  - Multiple indicator dilution experiments using thallium 201 in the isolated dog
      heart.

PMID- 387028
TI  - The role of subunits in yeast DNA-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase A.
AB  - The properties of RNA polymerase A, which lacked the subunits of 48 000, 37 000
      and 16 000 mol. wt., were compared with those of RNA polymerase A by using native
      calf thymus DNA as the template. The results showed that: (1) the specific
      activity of RNA polymerase A was about one-third that of RNA polymerase A; (2)
      more than 80% of RNA polymerase A, but only about 25% of RNA polymerase A, made
      RNA; (3) initiation by RNA polymerase A, but not by RNA polymerase A, began after
      a lag of 2 min; (4) the temperature-dependence for productive binding to DNA was
      greater for RNA polymerase A; (5) the apparent Km for UTP was greater for RNA
      polymerase A. These results support the supposition that the subunits missing
      from RNA polymerase A are involved in DNA binding [Huet, Dezelee, Iborra, Buhler,
      Sentenac & Fromageot (1976) Biochimie 58, 71-80] and show also that the loss of
      these subunits affects the elongation reaction.

PMID- 387030
TI  - Proteolysis of the products of mitochondrial protein synthesis in yeast
      mitochondria and submitochondrial particles.
AB  - Degradation of mitochondrial translation products in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      mitochondria was studied by selectively labelling these entities in vivo in the
      presence of cycloheximide and following their fate in isolated mitochondria. One
      third to one-half of the mitochondrial translation products are shown to be
      degraded, depending on the culture growth phase, with an approximate half-life of
      35 min. This process is shown to be ATP-dependent, enhanced in the presence of
      puromycin and inhibited by chloramphenicol. Further, the proteolysis is
      suppressed by detergents and is insensitive to antisera against yeast proteinases
      A and B when measured in mitochondria or 'inside-out' submitochondrial particles.
      It is concluded that the breakdown of mitochondrial translation products is most
      probably due to the action of endogenous proteinase(s) associated with the
      mitochondrial inner membrane. This proteinase is inhibited by
      phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride, leupeptin, antipain and chymostatin.

PMID- 387031
TI  - Activity of cathepsin D and alpha-glucosidase in muscle from patients with
      peripheral arterial disease.

PMID- 387032
TI  - Aspartate transaminase from E. coli: amino acid sequences of the NH2-terminal 33
      residues and chymotryptic pyridoxyl tetrapeptide.

PMID- 387029
TI  - Purification and properties of nitrogenase in ethylene glycol at sub-zero
      temperatures.
AB  - Both the protein components Kp1 and Kp2 of nitrogenase from Klebsiella pneumoniae
      were found to be stable in aq. 50% (v/v) ethylene glycol at +30 degrees C or
      below. At -20 degrees C in this medium their sensitivities to O2 were diminished
      somewhat. Though purification could be carried out at -20 degrees C, the product
      had the same specific activity and was obtained in the same yield as when the
      purification was carried out by standard procedures. This suggests that such
      procedures yield enzyme undamaged in the course of the purification by O2,
      thermal denaturation or proteolytic digestion.

PMID- 387033
TI  - Cloning of uvrA, lexC and ssb genes of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 387034
TI  - Saccharomyces cerevisiae killer expression mutant kex2 has altered secretory
      proteins and glycoproteins.

PMID- 387035
TI  - Nitrate reductase and the membrane composition of pleiotropic chlorate resistant
      mutants of Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 387037
TI  - Plasmid vectors for genetic manipulation in vitro.

PMID- 387036
TI  - Restriction nucleases, ligases and polymerases in genetic manipulation.

PMID- 387038
TI  - Analysis of restriction-fragment patterns from complex deoxyribonucleic acid
      species.

PMID- 387039
TI  - Micro-analytic detection and structure elucidation of ester-glycosides.

PMID- 387040
TI  - Activation of tryptophan hydroxylase from slices of rat brain stem incubated with
      agents which promote calcium uptake or intraneuronal release.

PMID- 387041
TI  - Oxidation of phenylethanolamine and octopamine by type A and type B monoamine
      oxidase. Effect of substrate concentration.

PMID- 387042
TI  - [Dr. Ernst Lindner on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 387043
TI  - [Dr. Roman Muschaweck on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 387044
TI  - [On the molecular mechanism of action of (+)-cyanidanol-3 (author's transl)].
AB  - The pharmacological actions of (+)-cyanidanol-3 [(+)-flavan-3,3',4',5,7-pentol,
      (+)-catechin, Catergen) in various experimental liver diseases are described
      according to the recent available literature. On this basis the hepatoprotective
      activity of the drug is due to its stabilizing effect on biological membranes and
      its specific inhibitory activity on the Fe-ADP-, CCl4- and CBrCl3- stimulated
      lipoperoxidation in vitro and in vivo.

PMID- 387045
TI  - Sucralfate: antipeptic, antiulcer activities and antagonism of gastric emptying.
AB  - The antiulcerogenic and antipeptic activities of sucralfate (Ulcerlmin), a basic
      aluminum sucrose sulfate complex, were investigated. In rats, sucralfate
      inhibited the formation of ulcers induced by pyloric ligation, indometacin and
      cysteamine. In doses antagonizing forestomach ulcer formation, sucralfate
      increased the pH of the gastric juice in a dose-related manner. In vitro, at pH
      1.9, sucralfate inhibited rat, dog and hog pepsin in a concentration-related
      manner and also the peptic activity in human gastric juice. Sucralfate may act as
      an inhibitor of pepsin by precipitating the enzyme or by binding with it
      reversibly. The antipeptic activity appears to be directly related to the amount
      of sucralfate in suspension rather than that in solution. In the gastrointestinal
      tract, the basic nature of sucralfate may enhance the antipeptic activity of the
      sucralfate molecule. In rats, sucralfate decreases the rate of gastric emptying.

PMID- 387047
TI  - Levamisole treatment in ulcus cruris. A double-blind placebo-controlled study.
AB  - 59 outpatients (27-82 years) with a chronic leg ulcer participated in a 20-week
      double-blind placebo-controlled trial of levamisole (levamisole 30; placebo 29).
      They were instructed to take a body weight adjusted number of tablets (2-5) for
      two consecutive days every week. Previously used topical treatment was kept
      unchanged. Control examinations were done every two weeks. Double-blind treatment
      was stopped because of evident failure after a median duration of 8 weeks in 2
      levamisole and 8 placebo patients. The percentage of cured patients became
      significantly superior in the levamisole group from week 8 onwards, so that, by
      the end of the study, all levamisole patients were cured against only 76% of the
      controls. Three levamisole patients reported moderate gastric complaints.

PMID- 387046
TI  - Ontogenic drug studies in calves. II. Changes in salicylate levels and metabolism
      in calves with diarrhoea.
AB  - Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was administered by oral route to calves and mice. A
      comparison of plasma levels of salicylates and salicyluric acid was performed in
      healthy and diarrhoic calves. The calves were infected with E. coli enterotoxin
      producing strains. During the 6 h observation period increased levels of
      salicylates were found in all age groups of calves (1-60 days). There were no
      significant differences in salicyluric acid plasma levels between controls and
      diarrhoic animals. Intravenous injection of cholera toxin in mice caused lower
      levels of total salicylates, but increased levels of salicylic acid and
      salicyluric acid. The importance of adequate animal model is discussed.

PMID- 387048
TI  - Endotoxin, fever and anomalies of development in rabbits. Short communication.
AB  - E. coli endotoxin was injected i.v. in rabbits (White New Zealands) on day 9 of
      gestation. The rise of temperatures was examined by thermoelectric recording. On
      day 29 of pregnancy the rabbits were killed, the uteri examined for resorptions
      and the fetuses inspected for malformations. The results were compared with those
      of control animals. The group treated with E. coli endotoxin showed a significant
      higher resorption and malformation rate. On the basis of the slight increase of
      temperatures (up to 1.1 degrees C above normal value), it is supposed that the
      endotoxin-induced fever did not participate in the teratogenic effects observed.

PMID- 387049
TI  - Steady-state plasma levels of flunarizine in chronically treated patients.
AB  - Plasma levels were measured at different times during long-term flunarizine
      treatment (duration 1--45 months, median: 6 months) of 50 patients with
      intermittent claudication. The dose was gradually reduced, within one month, from
      an initial dose of 30 mg daily to a maintenance dose of 10 mg daily. Plasma
      levels, measured by HPLC-method, showed considerable individual differences,
      ranging between less than 0.02 microgram/ml and 0.25 microgram/ml. Levels between
      0.05 and 0.1 microgram/ml were found in 46% of the patients. Individual
      measurements clearly showed dose-related plasma-levels. There were no signs of
      accumulation. Side-effects were related to the dose rather than to the levels.
      There was no correlation between clinical improvement and plasma levels. An
      extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver is suggested as a possible
      explanation for the varying inter-individual plasma levels.

PMID- 387050
TI  - The absorption of benzoyl peroxide from leg ulcers.
AB  - Absorption and clinical efficacy of a preparation containing 20% benzoyl peroxide
      were studied in 20 patients with leg ulcers of varying etiology. Benzoic acid
      formed from benzoyl peroxide on penetration through the skin cannot be
      demonstrated in the plasma until three days after commencing application at the
      earliest. This indicates a building up of deposits of benzoyl peroxide in the
      skin. The plasma benzoic acid levels in all patients amounted to less than 5
      mumol/l and is therefore toxicologically inoffensive. Clinically, the known
      therapeutic effects of benzoyl peroxide were confirmed. Neither sensitization nor
      allergic reactions were found in the 20 patients taking part in this study.

PMID- 387051
TI  - Abstracts of the 16th Dortmund Workshop, January 19, 1979. Quantitative
      Measurement of Revascularization of Skin Transplants.

PMID- 387052
TI  - The NMR studies of water in biological systems.

PMID- 387053
TI  - The physico-chemical and functional properties of extracellular respiratory
      haemoglobins and chlorocruorins.

PMID- 387055
TI  - Programmable calculator: a program for use in the intensive care unit.
AB  - A program has been prepared for use in a small programmable calculator to allow
      the rapid and accurate determination of derived data. Changes in oxygen
      availability, deadspace and shunt fraction can be obtained in a few seconds and
      therapy altered accordingly. FIO2 required to produce a desired PaO2 can be
      obtained using the iso-shunt concept.

PMID- 387054
TI  - I.c.p. increases with 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen in severe head injuries during
      controlled ventilation.
AB  - In a randomized trial nitrous oxide 50% in oxygen (Entonox) or oxygen 100% was
      given during chest physiotherapy on 23 occasions to three mechanically ventilated
      patients with severe head injuries. Intracranial pressure (i.c.p.) increased by
      22.7 mm Hg (SD 10.62) during chest physiotherapy with Entonox, compared with 10.5
      mm Hg (SD 10.4) with oxygen 100% (P greater than 0.02). A further nine
      mechanically ventilated patients with severe head injuries were given Entonox
      without chest physiotherapy. There was a mean increase in i.c.p. of 3.8 mm Hg (SD
      2.4) (P less than 0.001) when Entonox was given, and a mean decrease of 4.6 mm Hg
      (SD 2.8) when the nitrous oxide was withdrawn. End-tidal carbon dioxide
      concentration showed almost no change during nitrous oxide administration
      (decrease of 0--0.1%). We conclude that nitrous oxide causes an increase in
      i.c.p. in patients with severe head injuries and exacerbates the increases in
      i.c.p. occurring during chest physiotherapy.

PMID- 387056
TI  - Assessment of changes in airway calibre I. Tests of forced expiration.

PMID- 387058
TI  - A double-blind controlled trial of the anti-anginal efficacy of nifedipine
      compared with propranolol.

PMID- 387057
TI  - A double-blind comparison of a novel indanone diuretic (MK-196) with
      hydrochlorothiazide in the treatment of essential hypertension.
AB  - 1 The antihypertensive effect and tolerability of MK-196 (10 mg and 15 mg daily)
      was compared to hydrochlorothiazide (HCT; 50 mg daily) in a 4-week multiclinic,
      double-blind study involving 42 patients with mild to moderate, essential
      hypertension. 2 Both doses of MK-196 were as effective and sometimes more
      effective than HCT in lowering standing and supine systolic and diastolic blood
      pressures. 3 HCT consistently brought about significant increases in serum uric
      acid and significant decreases in serum potassium; both doses of MK-196 produced
      similar but less frequent and smaller changes in both of these parameters. 4 Both
      doses of MK-196 brought about significant decreases in body weight at Weeks 3 and
      4 of drug treatment. 5 Patients taking MK-196 reported fewer adverse clinical
      reactions (10 mg = 15%; 15 mg = 13% than those taking HCT (21%). 6 MK-196 may
      offer a therapeutic advantage over HCT as an antihypertensive agent for use in
      the treatment of mild to moderate, essential hypertension.

PMID- 387059
TI  - Tumour-necrosis factor from the rabbit. III. Relationship to interferons.
AB  - Tumour-necrosis factor (TNF) is growth-inhibitory or cytotoxic to certain tumour
      cell lines, and is present in the serum of rabbits injected i.v. with BCG and
      endotoxin 2 weeks apart (TNF serum). TNF serum also has interferon activity, and
      as TNF and interferons have a number of properties in common their relationship
      has been investigated further. TNF was assayed by cytotoxicity in vitro against L
      cells and interferon by a CPE-inhibition assay with Semliki Forest virus.TNF
      appears not to be an interferon, on the following bases:1. TNF activity could be
      separated from the Type I interferon of TNF serum by passage through a Cibacron
      blue-agarose column or by sequential salt precipitation, ion-exchange
      chromatography and gel filtration.2. Preparations of Type I interferon induced by
      poly I, poly C or virus lacked TNF activity.3. Though it was not possible to
      compare TNF with rabbit Type II interferon (as methods used to induce Type II
      interferon in other species were unsuccessful in the rabbit) rabbit TNF has a
      number of properties which distinguish it from the Type II interferons of other
      species.4. Rabbit TNF inhibited the growth of a human melanoma cell line, and
      also had effects on certain mouse and rabbit cell lines, whereas the anti
      cellular effects of interferons are reported to be species-specific.

PMID- 387061
TI  - Radiosensitization of E. coli B/r by 9-anilinoacridines.
AB  - Six anilinoacridine derivatives have been tested for the ability to act as
      radiosensitizers. Two gave good sensitization at concentrations of 100 microM or
      less. Both of these are known to possess significant activity against
      experimental tumours, and one (m-AMSA) is in Phase II clinical trial as a
      chemotherapeutic drug. Anilinoacridines may have potential as drugs with both a
      chemotherapeutic and radiosensitizing role. In spite of their structural
      similarity, the 2 derivatives which sensitize do so by different mechanisms.
      Compound VI behaves like a typical hypoxic cell sensitizer but Compound I (m
      AMSA) interferes with the accumulation of sublethal damage in either the presence
      or absence of O2. The latter also displays a post-irradiation sensitizing effect.
      Differences in mechanism may be related to the relative DNA-binding abilities and
      electronic differences between the 2 drugs.

PMID- 387060
TI  - Response of T lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and to cancer-tissue
      associated antigens, measured by the intracellular fluorescence polarization
      technique (SCM test).
AB  - Human peripheral-blood mononuclear cells, separated by Isopaque-Ficoll flotation
      and E-rosette formation, were tested by the fluorescein fluorescence polarization
      method of Cercek & Cercek (the SCM test). The response to stimulation with PHA or
      cancer tissue leads to a decreased polarization value TP). The responding cells
      were present in the T-cell fraction (E-rosette-forming cells), which contained
      less than 10% macrophages and less than 1% cells with surface-bound Ig. Control
      experiments with the non-T-cell fraction gave different response patterns. The
      response of T cells from apparently healthy donors and patients with and without
      cancer were compared. All of the group of 16 healthy persons had a polarization
      value (P) which decreased (mean +/- s.e. = 23% +/- 2) after PHA stimulation,
      compared with no or little decrease after stimulation with cancer tissue, giving
      cancer indices (P cancer/PPHA) of 1.15--1.56. In 13 patients with carcinoma of
      the colon, stimulation with PHA produced little decrease of polarization, while
      stimulation with colonic cancer tissue decreased the polarization in all cases
      (mean +/- s.e. = 25% +/- 2). The corresponding cancer indices were 0.61--0.86.
      Seven of 10 colonic-cancer patients tested against ovarian cancer tissue did not
      respond, whilst 3 patients in this group responded and had a cancer index less
      than 1.0. Three patients with non-malignant diseases had response patterns
      similar to those of healthy persons, except for the lack of PHA response in the
      patient with ulcerative colitis. This method seems to open up new possibilities
      for evaluation of cancer patients, although further studies including many more
      patients are needed before any conclusion can be drawn as to the validity of the
      test.

PMID- 387062
TI  - The haematological stress syndrome.

PMID- 387063
TI  - Reduced leucocyte alkaline phosphatase activity and decreased NBT reduction test
      in induced iron deficiency anaemia in rabbits.
AB  - Iron deficiency anaemia was induced in rabbits by repeated bleeding. The
      leucocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) of 26 +/- 28 units was significantly reduced
      compared with control values of 233 +/- 35 units (P less than 0.001). Leucocyte
      NBT reduction was also diminished, both in Hanks solution (P less than 0.01) and
      in autologous serum (P less than 0.001). After administration of iron, these
      values returned to normal. The results suggest that reduced LAP may reflect a
      deficiency of iron dependent constituents which are necessary for the integrity
      of normal granulocyte metabolism.

PMID- 387065
TI  - Indomethacin in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea.
AB  - Thirty-two patients were treated with placebo tablets or indomethacin (25 mg
      three times daily) in a six-month, double-blind, cross-over trial. During
      indomethacin therapy, 75 per cent of patients experienced significant pain relief
      while associated vomiting and diarrhoea were relieved in 44 per cent and 64 per
      cent of patients respectively. The efficacy of indomethacin was comparable to
      that of other prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors.

PMID- 387064
TI  - The composition of amniotic fluid in pregnancies complicated by fetal anencephaly
      or spina bifida.
AB  - The concentration of amniotic fluid glucose, total protein, sodium, potassium,
      calcium, magnesium and phosphate as well as amniotic fluid osmolality were
      measured in normal second trimester pregnancies and in second trimester
      pregnancies complecated by fetal anencephaly or spina bifida. Amniotic fluid
      glucose concentration was low in anencephaly, while phosphate and total protein
      were high; calcium concentration and osmolality were slightly elevated with spina
      bifida. The application of these findings to antenatal diagnosis are discussed.

PMID- 387066
TI  - The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 1929 to 1979.

PMID- 387067
TI  - Results of the colposuspension operation for incontinence and prolapse.
AB  - One hundred and eighty female patients complaining of stress incontinence were
      treated by a modified Burch colposuspension. Follow-up results were available at
      six months in 146 patients, at one year in 88 patients and at two years in 43
      patients. The overall objective cure for stress incontinence was 87 per cent at
      six months, 87.5 per cent at one year and 86 per cent at two years. No
      relationship was found between the cure of incontinence and either the time taken
      to resume spontaneous voiding after surgery or concomitant hysterectomy.
      Cystourethrocele was effectively corrected by this procedure.

PMID- 387068
TI  - Double blind trial of ritodrine and placebo in twin pregnancy.
AB  - In a double blind trial, 25 patients with twin pregnancy were given 40 mg of
      ritodrine hydrochloride by mouth daily and 24 similar patients received a
      placebo. The ritodrine group had no significant prolongation of pregnancy nor
      increase in birth weight, and a high incidence of side effects occurred.

PMID- 387069
TI  - Clinical trial of a new oral contraceptive pill containing the natural oestrogen
      17 beta-oestradiol.
AB  - The natural oestrogen, 17 beta-oestradiol, has been shown not to depress
      fibrinolysis and apparently has less influence on liver function and lipid
      metabolism than ethinyl oestradiol, the synthetic oestrogen in conventional
      'combined' oral contraceptive tablets. A triple-blind study was therefore made of
      215 women during 2051 treatment cycles with oral contraceptives containing either
      (i) 4 mg of micronized 17 beta-oestradiol and 3 mg norethisterone (Netagen 403),
      (ii) 4 mg 17 beta-oestradiol plus 2 mg of oestriol and 3 mg norethisterone
      (Netagen 423) or (iii) 50 microgram ethinyl oestradiol and 3 mg norethisterone
      (Netasyn). There were no pregnancies or thrombotic incidents. The numbers
      discontinuing treatment were about the same in the three groups, the main reasons
      being intermenstrual spotting in those on Netagen 423, amenorrhoea and weight
      gain in those on Netagen 403 and nausea and weight gain in those on Netasyn. The
      natural oestrogen showed promise as a new and safe component of the 'combined'
      pill.

PMID- 387071
TI  - Stereospecificity of the reductoisomerase-catalyzed step in the pathway of
      biosynthesis of valine and leucine.

PMID- 387070
TI  - A double-blind trial of single-dose chemoprophylaxis with co-trimoxazole during
      vaginal hysterectomy and repair.
AB  - Twenty-five patients received 10 ml co-trimoxazole (800 mg sulphamethoxazole and
      160 mg trimethoprim) and 25 a placebo by intravenous infusion during one hour
      from the commencement of surgery for vaginal hysterectomy with anterior
      colporrhaphy and posterior colpo-perineorrhaphy. Single-dose chemoprophylaxis
      with co-trimoxazole was shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of
      postoperative febrile morbidity and urinary tract infection, especially that
      caused by Proteus species.

PMID- 387072
TI  - Marcaine, a selective inhibitor of eucaryotic aminoacylation.
AB  - The effects of marcaine, a myotoxic drug, on the aminoacylation of transfer
      ribonucleic acid (rRNA) have been studied. The drug is a potent inhibitor of the
      acylation of rat liver tRNA with leucine and isoleucine but is only mildly
      inhibitory (or not inhibitory) to acylation with a number of other amino acids
      which were tested. Further, marcaine inhibited aminoacylation in cell-free
      systems using components from several mammalian tissues, including muscle, from
      yeast, and from wheat germ. No effect of the drug was observed in aminoacylation
      systems from several bacterial species which were tested. The drug inhibits
      acylation with leucine and isoleucine competitively but exhibited noncompetitive
      kinetics when the concentrations of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and tRNA were
      varied. Marcaine was also a competitor of leucine in the ATP--pyrophosphate
      exchange reaction. Two structural analogues of marcaine, carbocaine and
      xylocaine, also inhibited acylation of rat liver tRNA with leucine but in a
      noncompetitive fashion. On a molar basis, marcaine appears to be the most
      effective inhibitor of the three drugs tested.

PMID- 387073
TI  - In vitro transcription by wheat germ ribonucleic acid polymerase II: effects of
      heparin and role of template integrity.
AB  - Double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from bacteriophage lambda is a good
      template for wheat germ DNA-dependent ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase II. We
      delineated conditions for obtaining maximum polymerase activity using as template
      both the relatively intact DNA extracted from the the lambda phage and DNA into
      which single-strand nicks have been introduced by deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I
      digestion. The deliberate introduction of nicks produces a modest increase in
      transcription. The NaCl and MgCl2 optima are broader with the nicked template, so
      that higher concentrations of these salts are needed before polymerase activity
      begins to decline. Heparin inhibits initiation but not elongation by wheat germ
      polymerase. Polymerase can be protected against heparin inhibition by forming
      binary complexes with the template. The formation of these complexes is reduced
      at low temperature. The complexes, once formed, decay in the presence of heparin
      with a half-life of 10--20 min. The number of complexes is highly dependent on
      the degree of nicking of the template, suggesting that single-strand nicks are
      the predominant type of site where these heparin-resistant complexes are formed.
      Our data do not allow us to decide whether or not the presence of nicks plays as
      decisive a role in the absence of heparin.

PMID- 387075
TI  - Import of nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid coded lysine-accepting transfer
      ribonucleic acid (anticodon C-U-U) into yeast mitochondria.

PMID- 387074
TI  - On the structure and conformational dynamics of yeast phenylalanine-accepting
      transfer ribonucleic acid in solution.
AB  - The solution structure of yeast tRNAPhe was investigated by using ethidium as a
      fluorescent probe in the D loop and the anticodon loop. For this purpose the
      dihydrouracils in position 16/17 and wybutine in position 37 were substituted by
      ethidium. The lifetimes and the time-dependent anisotropy of ethidium
      fluorescence were measured by pulsed nanosecond fluorometry. The kinetics of the
      transitions between different states of the tRNAPheEtd derivatives were
      determined by chemical relaxation measurements. It was found that the ethidium
      label irrespective of its position exhibits three different states called T1, T2
      and T3 characterized by lifetimes tau 1 = 30 ns, tau 2 = 12 ns, and tau 3 = 3 ns.
      The lifetime differences are due to different accessibilities of ethidium for
      solvent quenching in the three states. Thus, there are three different defined
      structural environments of the ethidium in both the anticodon and the D loop. The
      distribution of the three states was measured as a function of Mg2+ concentration
      and temperature; it was found that state T3 is favored over states T2 and T1 by
      both increasing Mg2+ concentration and increasing temperature. The chemical
      relaxation kinetics exhibit a fast transition between T1 and T2 (10--100 ms) and
      a slow transition between T2 and T3 (100--1000 ms). The rates of both transitions
      depend likewise on Mg2+ concentration and temperature. The equilibrium and
      kinetic data clearly show the presence of strong and weak interactions between
      Mg2+ and tRNA. A cooperative model accounting for this behavior is developed. The
      ethidium probe behaves identically when located in different regions of the tRNA
      regarding both its distribution of states and its transition kinetics. This
      suggests that the different spectroscopic states report different conformations
      of the tRNA structure. The dependence of the three states on Mg2+ and spermine
      indicates that conformation T3 is closely related to or identical with the
      crystal structure. The rotational diffusion constants indicate that of all three
      states T3 is most extended while T2 is most compact. The thermodynamic analysis
      reveals that the strongly bound Mg2+ ions reduce both the activation entropy and
      enthalpy of all transitions. The weakly bound Mg2+ ions increase both the
      activation enthalpy and entropy of the slow transition between T2 and T3. It is
      suggested that the breaking of several intramolecular bonds, e.g., hydrogen
      bonds, is involved in this transition.

PMID- 387076
TI  - Amino acid sequence of the ribosomal protein L21 of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The primary structure of protein L21 from the 50S subunit of Escherichia coli
      ribosomes has been completely determined by sequencing the peptides obtained by
      digestion of L21 with trypsin before and after modification of the arginine
      residues with 1,2-cyclohexanedione, Staphylococcus aureus protease, thermolysin,
      and pepsin. Automated Edman degradation using a liquid-phase sequenator was
      carried out on the intact protein as well as on a fragment arising from cleavage
      with cyanogen bromide. Protein L21 consists of a single polypeptide chain of 103
      amino acids of molecular weight 11 565. An estimation of the secondary structure
      of protein L21 and a comparison with other E. coli ribosomal protein sequences
      are presented.

PMID- 387078
TI  - Study of chorismate mutase--prephenate dehydrogenase in crude cell extracts of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 387077
TI  - Suicide inactivation of bacterial cystathionine gamma-synthase and methionine
      gamma-lyase during processing of L-propargylglycine.
AB  - L-Propargylglycine, a naturally occurring gamma, delta-acetylenic alpha-amino
      acid, induces mechanism-based inactivation of two pyridoxal phosphate dependent
      enzymes of methionine metabolism: (1) cystathionine gamma-synthease, which
      catalyzes a gamma-replacement reaction in methionine biosynthesis, and (2)
      methionine gamma-lyase, which catalyzes a gamma-elimination reaction in
      methionine breakdown. Biphasic pseudo-first-order inactivation kinetics were
      observed for both enzymes. Complete inactivation is achieved with a minimum molar
      ratio ([propargylglycine]/[enzyme monomer]) of 4:1 for cystathionine gamma
      synthase and of 8:1 for methionine gamma-lyase, consistent with a small number of
      turnovers per inactivation event. Partitioning ratios were determined directly
      from observed primary kinetic isotope effects. [alpha-2H]Propargylglycine
      displays kH/kD values of about 3 on inactivation half-times. [alpha-3H]
      Propargylglycine gives release of tritium to solvent nominally stoichiometric
      with inactivation but, on correction for the calculated tritium isotope
      discrimination, partition ratios of four and six turnovers per monomer
      inactivated are indicated for cystathionine gamma-synthase and methionine gamma
      lyase, respectively. The inactivation stoichiometry, using [alpha-14C]
      propargylglycine, is four labels per tetramer of cystathionine gamma-synthase but
      usually only two labels per tetramer of methionine gamma-lyase (half-of-the-sites
      reactivity). Two-dimensional urea isoelectrofocusing/NaDodSO4 electrophoresis
      suggests (1) that both native enzymes are alpha 2 beta 2 tetramers where the
      subunits are distinguishable by charge but not by size and (2) that, while each
      subunit of a cystathionine gamma-synthase tetramer becomes modified by
      propargylglycine, only one alpha and one beta subunit may be labeled in an
      inactive alpha 2 beta 2 tetramer of methionine gamma-lyase. Steady-state
      spectroscopic analyses during inactivation indicated that modified cystathionine
      gamma-synthase may reprotonate C2 of the enzyme--inactivator adduct, so that the
      cofactor is still in the pyridoxaldimine oxidation state. Fully inactivated
      methionine gamma-lyase has lambda max values at 460 and 495 nm, which may
      represent conjugated pyridoximine paraquinoid that does not reprotonate at C2 of
      the bound adduct. Either species could arise from Michael-type addition of an
      enzymic nucleophile to an electrophilic 3,4-allenic paraquinoid intermediate,
      generated initially by propargylic rearrangement upon a 4,5-acetylenic
      pyridoximine structure, as originally proposed for propargylglycine inactivation
      of gamma-cystathionase [Abeles, R., & Walsh, C. (1973) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 95,
      6124]. It is reasonable that cystathionine gamma-synthase is the major in vivo
      target for this natural acetylenic toxin, the growth-inhibitory effects of which
      are reversed by methionine.

PMID- 387080
TI  - Role of cis-trans isomerism of the peptide bond in protease specificity. Kinetic
      studies on small proline-containing peptides and on polyproline.

PMID- 387079
TI  - Conformation transitions of a tRNA--aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex induced by
      tRNAs bearing different modifications in the 3' terminus.
AB  - The influence of modifications of the 3'-terminal adenosine of tRNAPhe (yeast) on
      the complex formation between this tRNA and phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (yeast)
      has been investigated by using fluorescence titrations and fast kinetic
      techniques. Subtle changes in the 3' terminus are reflected by distinct
      alterations in the two-step recognition process which had been demonstrated
      earlier for the native substrate tRNAPheCCA [Krauss, G., Riesner, D., & Maass, G.
      (1977) Nucleic Acids Res. 4, 2253--2262]. Binding experiments with tRNAPheCC,
      tRNAPheCCA-ox-red, tRNAPheCC2'dA, tRNAPheCC3'dA, tRNAPheCC-formycin, and
      tRNAPheCC-formycin-ox-red confirm that the 3'-terminal adenosine participates in
      a conformational change of the tRNA--synthetase complex. This is valid in both
      the absence and presence of phenylalaninyl-5'-AMP, the alkyl analogue of the
      aminoacyladenylate. As compared to tRNAPheCCA, a slower conformational change is
      observed with the competitive inhibitor tRNAPheCC-formycin-ox-red. The reaction
      enthalpy and/or the quench of the Y-base fluorescence that accompany the
      conformational change are altered upon binding of tRNAPheC2'dA, tRNAPheCC3'dA,
      and tRNAPheCC-formycin. It is evident that the final adaptation between tRNA and
      its synthetase in the complex is determined by the chemical nature of the 3'
      terminal nucleotide. This is of vital importance for the specificity of the
      aminoacylation process.

PMID- 387081
TI  - Affinity labeling of the 3'-OH terminal binding site of the ribonucleic acid
      chain on deoxyribonucleic acid dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase from
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Nucleoside triphosphates modified at the 3'-OH are chain terminators for RNA
      polymerase. They form inactive ternary complexes with the enzyme, poly(dT), and
      oligoadenylate, the stabilities of which depend upon the length of the
      oligonucleotide. Employing [5'-32P]p(Ap)10A, together with the reactive analogues
      3'-(bromoacetamide)-3'-deoxyadenosine triphosphate or 3'-(isothiocyanato)-2',3'
      dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, as well as 3'-amino-3'-deoxyadenosine
      triphosphate, followed by cross-linking with glyoxal, we labeled RNA polymerase
      primarily at the beta' subunit. The latter therefore appears to contain at least
      in part the 3'-OH terminus of the nascent RNA chain when the enzyme is in the
      form of the ternary complex.

PMID- 387083
TI  - Soluble and membrane-bound thiamine-binding proteins from Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.

PMID- 387085
TI  - Escherichia coli mut T1. II. Consequences of modification on the association of
      DNA with the cell membrane.
AB  - 1. Two isogenic strains of Escherichia coli, K-12 which differ by mutator gene
      character (mut T1) have been studied. This characteristic caused introduction of
      a high frequency of undirectional transversions, A-T leads to -CG, into the DNA
      of the strain harboring it. 2. It had been previously shown that the presence of
      this gene is accompanied by an alteration of a cell membrane component. Now, the
      nuclease susceptibility of DNA associated with membrane/DNA/DNA polymerase
      complexes is reported. DNA of mut T1 membranes is more sensitive towards
      exogenous nuclease than DNA of membrane complexes from the wild type mut+ strain.
      3. Auto-digestion of this DNA by endogenous nuclease associated with the membrane
      complex is, also, more severe in preparations derived from mut T1 than from the
      wild-type strain, mut+, but to a lesser extent than observed with exogenous
      nucleases. 4. Nuclease susceptibility of mut+ membrane bound DNA is markedly
      influenced by the growth state of the cell. The nuclease susceptibility of
      membrane bound DNA from mut T1 cells, however, shows no differences between
      stationary and log states. 5. These differential sensitivities may be due to
      conformational changes in the membrane introduced as a pleiotrophic consequence
      of an altered membrane protein. A pertinent role of this protein in a modified
      replication/repair complex is an attractive suggestion, especially in the context
      of the mutator character of this strain.

PMID- 387082
TI  - Modification of deoxyribonucleic acid by a diol epoxide of benzo[a]pyrene.
      Relation to deoxyribonucleic acid structure and conformation and effects on
      transfectional activity.
AB  - The effects of secondary structure on DNA modification by (+/-)-7 beta, 9 alpha
      dihydroxy-9 alpha, 10 alpha-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzol[a]pyrene [(+/-)BPDE
      I] were investigated. No differences in the total extent of (+/-) BPDE I binding
      to double- and single-stranded calf thymus DNA were found. High-performance
      liquid chromatography (LC) of the nucleoside adducts obtained from hydrolysates
      of native and denatured calf thymus, as well as from superhelical and linear
      plasmid DNA, indicated that in all cases the major adduct (60--80% of total
      adducts) was formed by reaction of the (+) enantiomer of BPDE I with the N-2
      position of dG residues in the DNA. A minor adduct formed from the reaction of
      the (-) enantiomer with dG residues was also detected and was present in greater
      amounts in denautred DNA than in native DNA. Small amounts of BPDE I--dA and BPDE
      I--dC adducts were also detected in both the single- and double-stranded DNAs.
      Restriction enzyme analysis of BPDE I modified SV40 and phage lambda DNA provided
      evidence that the modification of DNA by this carcinogen is fairly random with
      respect to nucleotide sequence. Partial hydrolysis of modified plasmid DNA by the
      single-strand-specific S1 nuclease and LC analysis of the nucleoside adducts in
      the digested and undigested fractions of the DNA revealed no preferential
      excision by the S1 nuclease of the different BPDE I--deoxynucleoside adducts.
      Functional changes in BPDE I modified DNA were demonstrated. With increasing
      extents of modification, there was a decrease in the ability of plasmid DNA to
      transfect a receptive Escherichia coli strain to antibiotic resistance.

PMID- 387084
TI  - The effect of magnesium starvation on the dissociation of ribosomal proteins from
      Escherichia coli K-12 ribosomes.
AB  - The effect of magnesium starvation upon the fate of individual ribosomal proteins
      was studied in Escherichia coli. During a 21 h incubation in the absence of Mg2+
      the 30 S subunit was more susceptible to degradation, retaining an average 31.9%
      of its ribosomal proteins as compared to 40.0% for the 50 S subunit. An
      examination of those 50-S proteins dissociated to a lesser extent than the
      average value (L1, L2, L3, L7, L10, L13, L16, L17, L19, L21, L22, L23, and L29)
      revealed that, with the exception of L16, all were classified by Dohme and
      Nierhaus [5] as tightly bound. Of the ribosomal proteins dissocated during
      magnesium starvation only five were reincorporated (and these to a minimal
      degree) during recovery of cells in a medium containing Mg2+. These studies
      suggest that ribosomal proteins once released from the ribosome particles during
      magnesium starvation are not reutilized in the assembly of new subunits.

PMID- 387086
TI  - Host-cell reactivation of alkylated T7 bacteriophage.
AB  - Purified T7 phage, treated with methyl methanesulfonate, was assayed on
      Escherichia coli K-12 host cells deficient in base excision repair. Phage
      survival, measured immediately after alkylation or following incubation to induce
      depurination, was lowest on a mutant defective in the polymerase activity of DNA
      polymerase I (p3478). Strains defective in endonuclease for apurinic sites
      (AB3027, BW2001) gave a significantly higher level of phage survival, as did the
      strain defective in the 5'--3' exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase I (RS5065).
      Highest survival of alkylated T7 phage was observed on the two wild-type strains
      (AB1157, W3110). These results show that alkylated T7 phage is subject to repair
      via the base excision repair pathway.

PMID- 387087
TI  - Two forms of pyruvate kinase in Escherichia coli. A comparison of chemical and
      molecular properties.
AB  - The two forms of pyruvate kinase (ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase, EC
      2.7.1.40) present in Escherichia coli have been purified from the same cultures
      and crystallized. A modified procedure for the purification of type I pyruvate
      kinase is described. Molecular weight, subunit structure, amino acid composition,
      NH2-terminal amino acid, maps of tryptic peptides and conditions for
      crystallization have been determined for the two forms. A comparison of these
      data shows that the two forms are different proteins, each being a tetramer of
      identical subunits.

PMID- 387088
TI  - The thermostability of glucoamylase immobilized in different ways has a certain
      limit.
AB  - Thermostability of glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger is increased both by
      immobilization and substrate binding. However, the total superimposed
      stabilization effect at a given condition is apparently restricted by a certain
      limit which hardly depends on the mode of immobilization of the enzyme, and is
      determined mostly by the enzyme-substrate complex formation.

PMID- 387089
TI  - [Jean-Francois Pechere (1927-1978)].

PMID- 387090
TI  - Spatial proximity of a tyrosyl and a lysyl residue in the active site region of
      yeast 3-phosphoglycerate kinase.
AB  - The effect of 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzofurazan on yeast 3-phosphoglycerate kinase
      causes a modification of one tyrosyl residue concomitantly with a total loss of
      activity of the enzyme. The modification is not accompanied by any significant
      conformational change. A total protection against inactivation is observed with
      the substrates : furthermore, AMP, tripolyphosphate and pyrophosphate afford an
      effective protection. At pH 9, a shift in the absorbance spectrum of the tyrosine
      O-nitrobenzofurazan derivative of 3-phosphoglycerate kinase is observed. It can
      be related to the transfer of the reagent from tyrosine to lysine. The N
      nitrobenzofurazan derivative is also completely inactive. It is concluded that a
      lysine residue is located close to the essential tyrosyl residue.

PMID- 387091
TI  - Methylated amino acids in ribosomal proteins from Escherichia coli treated with
      ethionine and from a mutant lacking methylation of protein L11.
AB  - In the present study, the nature, proportions and distribution of methylated
      amino acids in ribosomal proteins from Escherichia coli grown in the presence of
      ethionine and from mutant prm 1 were studied. The undermethylated ribosomes had
      been labeled by addition in vitro or in vivo of radioactive methyl groups from S
      adenosylmethionine or from methionine. The following compounds were identified :
      N alpha-mono-, di- and trimethylalanines, N epsilon-mono-, di- and
      trimethyllysines, methylamine and N alpha-trimethylalanyllysine. Except for the
      latter compound and N-alpha-dimethylalanine, all other derivatives had been
      previously identified in the literature. It is shown that the dipeptide had been
      in the past mistaken for N epsilon-monomethyllysine, and arises through
      incomplete hydrolysis in 24 hrs of the N-terminal peptide bond of protein L11.
      The results of the present study are discussed in the light of previous work on
      ribosomal protein methylation by the authors and other workers in the field.

PMID- 387092
TI  - The primary structure of Escherichia coli K 12 aspartokinase I-homoserine
      dehydrogenase I : sequence of cyanogen bromide peptide CB 3.

PMID- 387093
TI  - Antibacterial activity of seawater and microvibrion-predators (Microvibrio
      marinus Roscoffensis) in it.
AB  - In the seawater of the Atlantic Ocean and surface waters of different points of
      the World Ocean, including arctic basins and equatorial regions, microvibrion
      predators of bacterial cells have been discovered. The number of microvibrions in
      the surface waters of the English Channel reaches a thousand cells per ml, but it
      varies, depending on the season. In this article a method of the separation and
      culture of microvibrions is described. The ultrastructure of two strains of
      microvibrions was investigated and a similarity found between their structure and
      Gram-negative bacteria. The distinctive features of microvibrions are their sea
      derivation and the ability to reproduce only in the presence of bacteria, without
      penetrating bacterial cells. To a certain extent, the antibacterial activity of
      seawater is connected with the presence in it of microvibrions.

PMID- 387094
TI  - Physiological and biochemical properties and morphology of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae VKMu-488 cells incorporated into polyacrylamide gel.
AB  - The enzymatic activity, viability, respiratory activity, and ultrastructural
      changes in saccharomyces cerevisiae VKMu-488 cells, which carry out the
      stereospecific 17 beta-reduction of methyl esters, was studied. The 17 beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity of yeasts in gel is four times lower than
      that of free cells and is unstable. The decrease in the viability and respiratory
      activity immediately after immobilization, the disturbance in the ultrastructure
      of the cells in gel along with the progressive lysis of the cells in the course
      of the transformation indicate that polymerization has a stressful effect on this
      culture. It was found that the immobilized yeasts can grow on the surface of the
      gel in the presence and absence of nutrient medium. A single incubation of
      granules containing cells in nutrient medium greatly stabilizes the original
      activity of the immobilized cells. The activation and stabilization of the
      activity are probably due to the participation of a heterogeneous population in
      the transformation: the original population incorporated into the gel and the new
      population which grows in the gel after immobilization as well as to the
      stability of the ultrastructural organization of this mixed population in the
      course of repeated transformations of secoketone.

PMID- 387095
TI  - Balance of DNA and protein syntheses, processes of stabilization and repair of
      breaks in DNA strands, and cell viability.
AB  - The dependence of the stabilization and repair of breaks in the DNA strands on
      the balance of the syntheses of DNA and protein and the relationship of these
      processes to the viability of E. coli cells were experimentally substantiated. It
      was established that equilibrium of the rates of DNA and protein syntheses is a
      necessary condition for the functioning of processes of DNA repair. "Imbalanced"
      breaks in the DNA strands in vivo are a consequence of a sharp decrease in the
      effectiveness of DNA repair processes.

PMID- 387097
TI  - [Kinetics of phenylacetamide hydrolysis by immobilized penicillinamidase].
AB  - The kinetics of phenylacetamide hydrolysis catalyzed by polyacrylamide gel
      immobilized penicillinamidase were studied. The Km and Kp values obtained were
      compared to the literary data for the specific substrate--benzylpenicillin. It
      was shown that the type of inhibition by the reaction product was the same,
      whereas the efficiency of binding of phenylacetic acid depended on the substrate
      structure.

PMID- 387096
TI  - [Effect of luliberin on the activities of mitochondrial respiratory enzymes].
AB  - Luliberin, a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, was shown to inhibit the
      respiratory enzymes of rat liver mitochondria and submitochondrial particles
      prepared from beef heart mitochondria. At the hormone concentration of 8.10(-6) M
      the NADH-oxidase activity of the submitochondrial particles was inhibited by 50%.
      The fragments of the hormone and its analogs and pyroglutamic acid, oxytocin and
      bradikinin possessed practically no inhibiting effects. In the case of
      submitochondrial particles the inhibition was only observed in the presence of
      Ca2+ and was significantly decreased after addition of bovine serum albumin and
      phospholipase inhibitors -- butacaine and dicaine. It is assumed that the effect
      of luliberin on the respiratory chain is mediated through mitochondrial
      phospholipase.

PMID- 387098
TI  - [Phospholipids of E. coli and activity of alkaline phosphatase].
AB  - The effects of liposomes prepared from the E. coli lipids on the activity of
      soluble alkaline phosphatase and on the complementation reaction between its
      subunits were studied. It was shown that the liposomes nonspecifically catalyze
      the dimerization of the enzyme subunits without changing the dimer activity. The
      effects of phospholipases A2 and C on the activity of membrane-bound alkaline
      phosphatase were studied. An interrelationship was found between the level of
      hydrolysis of membrane phosphatidyl glycerol (PG) by these enzymes and the
      changes in the activity of membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase. It was also shown
      that PG is less accessible to the effects of phospholipases in the cells with
      derepressed biosynthesis of alkaline phosphatase. It is assumed that the membrane
      PG interacts with the membrane-bound alkaline phosphatase during its
      translocation into the periplasm.

PMID- 387099
TI  - [Selective inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis by rifampicin in E. coli cells].
AB  - Under partial inhibition of total RNA synthesis by rifampicin the formation of
      beta- and beta'-subunits of RNA polymerase is stimulated and the rRNA synthesis
      is selectively repressed. The differential rate of synthesis of the beta- and
      beta'-subunits increases from 1,15% up to 2,88% in the presence of 30 micrograms
      rifampicin per ml. Simultaneously the differential rate of rRNA synthesis
      decreases from 41% down to 10%. The degree of inhibition of rRNA synthesis by
      rifampicin depends on the cell growth rate.

PMID- 387100
TI  - Prostacyclin activation of adenylyl cyclase in rabbit corpus luteum membranes:
      comparison with 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha and prostaglandin E1.

PMID- 387101
TI  - Lipoprotein of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 387102
TI  - Electrochemical proton gradient across the membranes of photophosphorylating
      bacteria.

PMID- 387103
TI  - The involvement of the Golgi apparatus in the biosynthesis and secretion of
      glycoproteins and polysaccharides.

PMID- 387104
TI  - Notes on the heterogeneity, circulation, and modification of membranes, with
      emphasis on secretory cells, photoreceptors, and the toad bladder.

PMID- 387105
TI  - Marcel Florkin (1900-1979).

PMID- 387106
TI  - Properties of penicillin amidase immobilized by copolymerization with acrylamide.
AB  - An enzyme preparation in a spherical granule form was obtained by
      copolymerization of penicillin amidase (EC 3.5.1.11) (previously modified with
      maleic anhydride) and acrylamide via a crosslinking agent. As compared with the
      native enzyme, immobilized amidase is more resistant to heating, has a lower
      affinity to benzylpenicillin, and is less inhibited by phenylacetate. Its
      substrate specificity and optimum pH remain unchanged.

PMID- 387107
TI  - [Effect of presynaptic neurotoxin notechis II-5 from tiger snake venom on the
      motor nerve endings of mice].
AB  - The neurotoxin notechis II-5 (N-II-5) from tiger snake venom (Notechis scutatus)
      induces three-phasic changes in miniature end-plate potential (MEPP) frequency
      recorded in the mouse diaphragm muscle: an initial fall of frequency followed by
      increase and decrease in MEPP frequency up to complete blockade. The effect of N
      II-5 was enhanced with rising of the solution temperature from 20 to 30 and 35
      degrees C. Removal of Ca2+ from the solution prevented the presynaptic effect of
      N-II-5. After washing out of the muscle from N-II-5 with Ca-free solution,
      addition of Ca2+ to the solution provoked the development of the effect typical
      of the effect of typical of the toxin. In the presence of N-II-5 an increase in
      K+ concentration in the solution up to 20 mM did not result in a sharp rise of
      MEPP frequency characteristic of depolarized nerve terminals. The agents that
      raise Ca2+ axoplasmic concentration not on account of depolarization of nerve
      terminals (hypertonic solution, ionofor A23187) preserved the capacity for
      increasing MEPP frequecy. It is suggested that the presynaptic effect of N-II-5
      is related to its phospholipase activity and can be explained by disturbance of
      the activity of release sites rather than by depletion of transmitter stores.

PMID- 387108
TI  - [Change of toxic and antineoplastic properties of ftorafur by means of action on
      nonspecific microsomal oxidase].
AB  - The inducers of microsomal hydroxylases, phenobarbitone and methylcholanthrene,
      inhibited the development of neurotoxic shock provoked by high doses of ftorafur
      in mice, but stimulated the animal mortality on the 4th-8th day after the drug
      administration. The opposite effect on both toxicity manifestations has been
      obtained under the action of the inhibitor SKF 525-A. Pretreatment of the animals
      with phenobarbitone or phenobarbitone-methylcholanthrene combination markedly
      increased the antineoplastic activity of ftorafur determined by a loss of the
      spleen weight in mice infected with Rauscher's leukemia.

PMID- 387109
TI  - [Restoration of antineoplastic reactivity of the leukocytes after preincubation].
AB  - Specific antitumor sensitization in patients with carcinoma of the stomach was
      revealed by means of the leukocyte migration inhibition test. After 24-hour
      preincubation at 4 degrees C in a serum-free medium the areactive leukocytes from
      patients with carcinoma of the stomach (stages III--IV) acquired the ability to
      react specifically to allogeneic antigens of the tumor of the same localization.
      Preincubation did not influence the inhibition of migration of leukocytes in non
      tumor patients by stomach carcinoma antigens. The supernatant of preincubated
      leukocytes of tumor patients contained substances that inhibited migration of
      indicator leukocytes.

PMID- 387111
TI  - [Indirect immunoelectron microscopic method of localization of albumin in mouse
      hepatocytes].
AB  - The mouse liver was fixed by 12 fixator variants on the basis of glutaraldehyde,
      paraformaldehyde, picric acid and lysin, and the localization of albumin was
      studied by the indirect immunoperoxidase method. The comparison of the results
      shows that immersion in 8% paraformaldehyde is a preferable method of fixation.
      Albumin was detected on ribosomes and membranes of the nuclear envelope, the
      coarse endoplasmic reticulum and in the matrix of the hepatocytic cytoplasm. It
      is suggested that albumin synthetized is directly discharged into cytosol and
      then into the extracellular space.

PMID- 387112
TI  - Prolonged disease-free survival in dogs with lymphoma after total-body
      irradiation and autologous marrow transplantation consolidation of combination
      chemotherapy-induced remissions.

PMID- 387110
TI  - [Immunofluorescence studies of the immunoglobulin receptors of B-lymphocytes].
AB  - The surface membrane Ig receptors of B lymphocytes in patients with atopic pollen
      asthma were studied by the direct immunofluorescence method. Use was made of
      labelled sera against human IgE, and IgG. It was shown that on the average 2.1 +/
      0.33% lymphocytes had IgE receptors, 8.4 +/- 0.63% IgG receptors and 18.7 +/-
      1.16% human globulin receptors. A specific nature of B lymphocytes is suggested.

PMID- 387113
TI  - Processing by the thymus is not required for cells that cure and populate W/WV
      recipients.
AB  - Adult marrow, fetal liver or nu/nu mouse marrow from histocompatible donors was
      grafted into genetically anemic W/WV recipients, and all three types of grafts
      cured thymectomized as well as intact W-anemic recipients. With the latter two
      types of graft, the genetic anemia was cured by cells that could not have been
      processed in a mature thymus, since the adult recipients were thymectomized
      before receiving the grafts, the nu/nu donors were congenitally thymusless, and
      the fetal donors were used at 16 days of gestation. Chromosome-marked marrow
      grafts were used to show that immune systems were populated to similar degrees in
      thymectomized and intact W/WV recipients. Therefore, the cells derived from the
      donor marrow graft that partially populate the immune systems of W-anemic
      recipients do not require thymus processing. Small numbers of liver rudiment or
      yolk sac cells from fetal donors less than 12 days old failed to cure W/WV
      recipients, even when mixed with adult thymus cells. Therefore, the lack of
      adequately developed thymic helper cells appears not to be the reason why early
      fetal hemopoietic stem cells fail to cure W/WV recipients.

PMID- 387114
TI  - Proliferative state of human pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors (CFU-GEMM) in
      normal individuals and under regenerative conditions after bone marrow
      transplantation.
AB  - The proliferative state of human pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors (CFU-GEMM)
      was assessed in normal bone marrow transplant donors and in recipients after
      engraftment using the tritiated thymidine suicide method. In contrast to BFU-E
      and CFU-C, CFU-GEMM were found to be quiescent. In samples obtained during early
      regeneration after transplantation, CFU-GEMM were significantly reduced after
      short-term exposure to 3H TdR when compared to controls. This observation
      suggests active participation of CFU-GEMM in bone marrow regeneration.

PMID- 387116
TI  - Rapid determination of microbial batch culture stage.

PMID- 387115
TI  - Genetics of red cells and susceptibility to malaria.

PMID- 387117
TI  - Problems in determinig soil ATP.

PMID- 387119
TI  - [Arend Bouhuys. 18 October 1925-15 June 1979].

PMID- 387118
TI  - Effects of feeding diflubenzuron to young male holstein cattle.

PMID- 387120
TI  - From Hippocrates to Hunter: an early history of dental embryology.

PMID- 387121
TI  - Oddments in dental history: the "very simple" lip retractor of Dr. C. Edmund
      Kells.

PMID- 387122
TI  - Frederick S. Mckay and the "Colorado brown stain.".

PMID- 387123
TI  - The first twenty-five years of the Bulletin of the History of Dentistry.

PMID- 387124
TI  - American dentistry in the founding years of the republic.

PMID- 387125
TI  - Columbia University and those who made it the mecca of dental education.

PMID- 387126
TI  - The American medical profession and public health: from support to ambivalence.

PMID- 387127
TI  - An unknown letter of Jacques Dalechamps to Jean Fernel: local autonomy versus
      centralized government.

PMID- 387128
TI  - Teaching and research in the history of medicine in China.

PMID- 387129
TI  - The Arizona Medical History Project.

PMID- 387130
TI  - Turkeys and brunonianism: a brief note.

PMID- 387131
TI  - F. N. L. Poynter, 1908-1979.

PMID- 387132
TI  - The Fielding H. Garrison lecture: An American clerical crisis: ministers' sore
      throat 1830-1860.

PMID- 387133
TI  - The forensic role of physicians in Roman law.

PMID- 387134
TI  - The adoption of German medicine in Japan: the decision and the beginning.

PMID- 387135
TI  - Lady Osler.

PMID- 387136
TI  - [Controlled trial of 6 to 8 month chemotherapeutic regimens in the treatment of
      pulmonary tuberculosis. A study of Hong Kong Chest Service/British Medical
      Research Council/].

PMID- 387137
TI  - [3d study by the African and British Medical Research Councils of short term
      chemotherapy (including relapse rates during 18 months following chemotherapy)].

PMID- 387138
TI  - [4th study of short term chemotherapy by the African and British Medical Research
      Councils].

PMID- 387139
TI  - [Controlled trial of 2-4 month and 2-6 month chemotherapeutic regimens in the
      treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. A joint study of the British Medical
      Research Council and Singapore].

PMID- 387140
TI  - [Short term chemotherapy of tuberculosis. Evaluation of an 18-week-long treatment
      including pyrazinamide (preliminary results)].

PMID- 387141
TI  - [Short term chemotherapy of tuberculosis. Factors affecting relapse following
      short term chemotherapy].

PMID- 387142
TI  - Creativity in the life and work of Karl Menninger, M.D.. Interview by Paul W.
      Pruyser.

PMID- 387143
TI  - Mechanisms of spread of laryngeal carcinoma.

PMID- 387145
TI  - Bilateral recurrence of macular corneal dystrophy (Fehr or Groenouw type II)
      after penetrating keratoplasty.

PMID- 387144
TI  - Chemistry and biosynthesis of collagen.

PMID- 387146
TI  - Effects of prostaglandins E2 and I2 on human lymphocyte transformation in the
      presence and absence of inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis.
AB  - 1 The reactivity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to
      phytohaemagglutinin ([3H]-thymidine incorporation) was enhanced in indomethacin-
      and eicosatetraynoic acid-treated cells compared with untreated cells, from
      normal volunteers. This suggests that endogenously synthesized prostaglandins
      have an inhibitory effect during cell preparation and/or culture. 2 Prostaglandin
      E2 inhibited [3H]-thymidine incorporation induced by suboptimal
      phytohaemagglutinin concentrations and had a more potent effect on indomethacin
      treated cells than on untreated cells. 3 Prostaglandin I2 also exhibited an
      inhibitory effect and, under defined conditions, was more potent than
      prostaglandin E2 or than prostacyclin which had been allowed to decay at pH 7.4
      and 37 degrees C. 4 These results indicate that, in attempting to define altered
      lymphocyte reactivity in disease states, the involvement of prostaglandins should
      be considered both during cell preparation and culture.

PMID- 387147
TI  - Inhibition of insulin secretion from the perfused pancreas of the rat by
      pizotifen.
AB  - 1 In the perfused rat pancreas the effects of pizotifen on insulin release
      induced by 20 mM glucose were studied. 2 Pizotifen (10 and 100 muM) significantly
      reduced the insulin release during a 25 min perfusion period to 49% and 7% of the
      controls. 3 The same concentrations of the structurally related agents
      cyproheptadine, doxepin, and chlorpromazine produced a comparable inhibition.

PMID- 387149
TI  - Effects of sodium valproate and ethanolamine-o-sulphate on GABA metabolism in
      vivo [proceedings].

PMID- 387148
TI  - Inhibition by pentobarbitone and urethane of the in vitro response of the
      adenohypophysis to luteinising hormone-releasing hormone in male rats.
AB  - 1 The effect of urethane (ethyl carbamate) and sodium pentobarbitone on the
      luteinising hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH)-stimulated secretion of luteinising
      hormone (LH) was investigated with hemipituitaries obtained from male rats and
      incubated in vitro. 2 Urethane and pentobarbitone were added to the incubation
      medium to provide final concentrations of 2.2 mg or 4 micrograms/ml and 100
      micrograms or 0.1 microgram/ml respectively. The high doses of these anaesthetics
      blocked the LH-RH stimulated secretion of LH. The low doses significantly reduced
      the amounts of LH released in response to LH-RH but did not block the response
      completely. 3 Both concentrations of urethane reduced the basal release of LH. 4
      The inhibitory action of the anaesthetics was reversible. 5 The results indicate
      that the two anaesthetics most commonly used in neuroendocrine experiments have a
      significant inhibitory action on the release of LH from the adenohypophysis.

PMID- 387150
TI  - A microprocessor-based simulator for teaching pharmacokinetics [proceedings].

PMID- 387151
TI  - High dose flupenthixol decanoate in chronic schizophrenia.
AB  - In a double-blind trial, female 'drug-resistant' chronic schizophrenic in
      patients were given high dose or standard dose flupenthixol decanoate for 13
      weeks. Plasma flupenthixol levels showed a five-fold interindividual variation,
      but were consistently higher with the high dose. Analysis of final scores showed
      no statistically significant differences between groups with regards to mental
      state, ward behaviour and extrapyramidal side-effects. When compared with pre
      trial scores, the extrapyramidal side-effects worsened significantly in the high
      dose patients and social withdrawal decreased in the standard dose patients. The
      mental state of a sub-group of patients, possibly drug resistant for
      pharmacokinetic reasons, improved significantly on the high dose over the 13
      weeks.

PMID- 387152
TI  - Reading about. . . child psychiatry.

PMID- 387154
TI  - A technique for the difficult peripheral arterial aneurysm.
AB  - Complete external control of the vessels feeding some aneurysms may be very
      difficult and occasionally only achieved at the cost of damage to surrounding
      structures. A method is described in which Foley catheters are introduced into
      the feeding vessels from within the aneurysm and then cut distal to their clamped
      side branch to enable Dacron grafts to be passed over them and sutured in place.
      This technique has been used in 3 patients with very satisfactory results and is
      offered as an alternative when standard control is hazardous, or impossible.

PMID- 387153
TI  - Renal function in patients on lithium treatment.
AB  - A cross-sectional study was performed on 66 lithium-treated patients to
      investigate a possible changed kidney function, using [51Cr]-EDTA clearance, and
      urinary excretions of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin. Thirteen patients showed
      abnormal test results: seven had decreased glomerular filtration rate, four had
      increased albumin excretion and four had increased excretion of beta 2
      microglobulin. There was no correlation between length of treatment with lithium
      or hypothyroidism (10 patients) and impaired renal function. Four patients had
      already manifested signs of renal dysfunction before lithium treatment. The high
      prevalence of impaired renal function among our patients is unexplained but
      lithium could be one possible cause.

PMID- 387155
TI  - Preservation of the injured spleen.
AB  - Experience with suture repair of splenic lacerations in 14 children and 8 adults
      is reported. The youngest patient was 3 days old and the oldest 60 years.
      Adequate healing was confirmed by postoperative splenic scans with or without
      arteriography. The 2 deaths in this series were not related to the splenic repair
      and were due to associated major injuries. The course of illness in the remaining
      20 survivors did not reveal a failure of this technique or a complication related
      to the use of this conservative approach. It is expected that salvage of the
      traumatized spleen will eliminate the risk of fulminant postoperative infections
      that may be fatal.

PMID- 387157
TI  - Control of early development.

PMID- 387156
TI  - In-vitro fertilization, embryo transfer and storage.

PMID- 387158
TI  - Sex determination and differentiation.

PMID- 387159
TI  - Role of embryonic signals in the establishment of pregnancy.

PMID- 387160
TI  - Growth of the fetus.

PMID- 387161
TI  - Initiation of parturition.

PMID- 387163
TI  - Gonadotrophic regulation of ovarian activity.

PMID- 387162
TI  - Effects of lactation on fertility.

PMID- 387165
TI  - The chromosomal basis of human infertility.

PMID- 387164
TI  - Pituitary control of testicular activity.

PMID- 387166
TI  - Endocrinology of male infertility.

PMID- 387167
TI  - Endocrinology of female infertility.

PMID- 387169
TI  - Regulation of meiosis in mammalian oocytes.

PMID- 387168
TI  - Contraceptive research and development.

PMID- 387170
TI  - Effect of beta-blockers on arrhythmias during six weeks after suspected
      myocardial infarction.
AB  - Twenty-four-hour electrocardiographic tape-recording was used to investigate the
      incidence of arrhythmias in patients with suspected myocardial infarction who
      were receiving either propranolol, atenolol, or placebo. Recordings begun within
      24 hours after admission to a coronary care unit showed that 76% of patients
      eventually found to have had a myocardial infarction had ventricular arrhythmias
      of a type generally regarded as serious, whereas of patients in whom myocardial
      infarction was not substantiated, only 24% had such arrhythmias. At one and six
      weeks after admission the incidence of arrhythmias ranged from 25% to 33%
      irrespective of diagnosis. Of patients monitored at both one and six weeks,
      however, only 5% had arrhythmias on each occasion. Patients treated with
      propranolol and atenolol showed a similar incidence of arrhythmias to those
      taking placebo. There was no difference in the incidence or type of arrhythmias
      recorded between patients who died and those who were still alive at six
      weeks.These results confirm that "serious" ventricular arrythmias occur in most
      patients during the acute phase of myocardial infarction and suggest that they do
      not constitute an independent risk factor. Beta-blockers showed little evidence
      of useful antiarrhythmic action in the dosage used, but increasing the dosage in
      suspected myocardial infarction is not practicable because of the risk of
      hypotension. The findings raise grave doubts about the value of studying
      arrhythmias to assess drugs intended to reduce mortality from myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 387171
TI  - Use of ethamsylate in vaginal surgery and deep-vein thrombosis.

PMID- 387172
TI  - Hats for the newborn infant.
AB  - The efficacy of a Gamgee-lined hat in reducing the rate of fall in rectal
      temperature of infants during the first 30 minutes of life was studied. The
      trial, which included 211 infants, was randomised, prospective, and controlled.
      One hundred and seven infants were exposed to overhead radiantheaters. Of these,
      only 30 had normal deliveries, so the analysis was confined to the infants who
      were not subjected to radiant heat, and in this group no conclusions were drawn
      about the efficacy of a hat or a radiant heater. In the 104 infants not subjected
      to radiant heat, body weight, initial rectal temperature, the application of hat,
      the environmental temperature, and the duration of exposure while naked were all
      found to influence measureably the rate of fall in rectal temperature during the
      first 30 minutes. Gamgee-lined hats should be routinely used to minimise heat
      loss, especially in small infants exposed at birth, during surgical operations,
      and during investigations necessitating prolonged exposure.

PMID- 387173
TI  - Domiciliary obstetrics.

PMID- 387174
TI  - Reversible renal failure during treatment with captopril.

PMID- 387175
TI  - Respiratory failure 30 years ago.

PMID- 387176
TI  - Tuberculosis.

PMID- 387177
TI  - Identification of cochlear nucleus projections by removal of HRP reaction
      product.

PMID- 387179
TI  - [Mounting of anterior teeth in a special type of endetulous patient: the trumpet
      player].

PMID- 387178
TI  - Development of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) containing neurones in the
      rat brain.
AB  - The development of VIP-containing neurones in the rat CNS and duodenum has been
      studied using a specific radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry. In the brain,
      VIP immunoreactivity appears entirely postnatally, while VIP in peripheral
      neurones in the duodenum was present before birth. The developmental changes
      observed in cerebral cortex appear to represent the maturation of a population of
      intrinsic cortical interneurones which contain VIP. These neurones develop
      entirely after birth. They are first seen in deep cortical layers, but later
      spread out into all cortical layers, particularly layers II--IV. Changes in the
      intensity of VIP cell body fluorescence can be correlated with changes in VIP
      content in the cortex measured by radioimmunoassay. Thus VIP forms a unique
      chemical marker for studying the maturation of a cortical neurone.

PMID- 387180
TI  - [Application of epoxy derivatives on clasps for partial removal prosthesis].

PMID- 387181
TI  - [Anterior group in complete prostheses. Mounting techniques in the service of
      anatomo-physiologic imperatives and esthetic exigencies].

PMID- 387182
TI  - [The experience of the Rosenwald Guide].

PMID- 387183
TI  - An epizootic of bovine tuberculosis in Barbados, West Indies.
AB  - A 57 cow dairy herd, believed to be in excellent condition and producing well,
      was found to contain 30 tuberculous cattle after cervical skin testing employing
      bovine PPD tuberculin with the single intradermal comparative test. Testing was
      initiated after two cows from this herd were found at meat inspection to have
      tuberculosis. The reliability of bovine PPD tuberculin for testing as well as
      significant epidemiological, laboratory and meat inspection factors are
      presented.

PMID- 387184
TI  - Identification of some anaerobic bacteria in nonspecific anaerobic infections in
      animals.
AB  - Over 200 anaerobic bacterial isolates were recovered in a veterinary diagnostic
      laboratory from nonspecific infectious disease from 72 specimens originating from
      ten animal species. The majority of isolates were nonsporeforming bacteria and
      about half were identified to species. Bacteroides species formed the major group
      and included B. oralis, B. fragilis, B. corrodens, B. ruminicola subspecies
      ruminicola, B. ruminicola subspecies brevis and various subspecies of B.
      melaninogenicus. Gram-positive anaerobic cocci constituted the next major group
      of isolates and the main species identified in cattle was Peptococcus indolicus.
      Clostridial species were uncommon. Nine specimens yielded a pure culture of an
      anaerobe and, in samples containing mixtures of bacterial species, each specimen
      yielded an average of 3.1 anaerobic and 1.4 aerobic bacterial species. The
      failure to identify many of the isolates is discussed.

PMID- 387186
TI  - Cardiac adrenoceptors at low temperature and the adrenoceptor interconversion
      hypothesis.

PMID- 387187
TI  - The effects of the anticonvulsant valproic acid on cerebral indole amine
      metabolism.
AB  - The effects of valproic acid (500 mg/kg, ip, 1 h prior to testing) on indole
      amine metabolism were studied in rats by measurement of the contents of
      tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and 5
      hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the cerebral hemisphere. Tryptophan and 5
      HIAA levels were increased, whereas 5-HTP and 5-HT remained unchanged.
      Furthermore, valproic acid failed to alter the levels of 5-HTP and DOPA, 5-HT and
      DA, and 5-HIAA in animals pretreated, respectively, with 3-hydroxybenzyl
      hydrazine (a decarboxylase inhibitor), pargyline (a monoamine oxidase inhibitor),
      or probenecid (a compound which blocks 5-HIAA transport out of the brain and
      cerebrospinal fluid). These results militate against the possibility that
      valproic acid alters the rate of tryptophan hydroxylation or the synthesis of 5
      HT. However they do support the concept that valproic acid increases brain 5-HIAA
      by inhibition of the transport mechanism which removes 5-HIAA from the brain.

PMID- 387188
TI  - A source of large axons for neurophysiology: the North Atlantic squid Illex
      illecebrosus.
AB  - A new axon preparation from the ommastrephid squid (Illex illecebrosusus
      (Lesueur)) is described. This squid is common in the Northwestern Atlantic and
      features a number of long, unbranched, and moderately large-diameter axons having
      no apparent 'twigging.' Although the diameters of these axons are somewhat
      smaller than those of 'giant' axons coming from some other species of squid, this
      axon preparation should be considered as an attractive alternative for
      neurobiologic research.

PMID- 387189
TI  - Percutaneous transfemoral retrieval of the "runaway" ventriculoatrial shunt.
AB  - A 22-year-old man with a ventriculoatrial shunt was admitted to hospital for
      investigation of headache, nausea and vomiting. During a procedure done to
      convert the ventriculoatrial shunt to the ventriculoperitoneal type, the shunt
      tubing was inadvertently cut in the neck. The atrial end was found to have
      migrated into the right atrium. It was recovered by percutaneous cardiac
      catheterization through the femoral vein. The patient tolerated the procedure
      well. The authors believe that this method of retrieval is easier and carries
      less operative risk than previously reported methods.

PMID- 387185
TI  - Experimental Klebsiella and Salmonella infection in neonatal swine.
AB  - Twenty colostrum-fed piglets from three sows were separated from the sows 24
      hours after birth and were randomly divided into five groups of four piglets
      each. Every piglet in each of four test groups was orally inoculated with about
      10(10) colony forming units of Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella choleraesuis
      var Kunzendorf or one of two isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. One group served
      as uninoculated controls. Piglets infected with K. pneumoniae developed severe
      diarrhea beginning about 12 hours after inoculation. They became dehydrated and
      weak but continued to drink. There were no morphological alterations in
      intestinal mucosa when piglets were killed and necropsied 48 or 72 hours after
      inoculation. Klebseilla pneumoniae was isolated from intestine and feces but not
      from liver or spleen. Piglets inoculated with S. choleraesuis became lethargic
      and disinterested in food by 24 hours after inoculation. Diarrhea developed by 48
      hours after inoculation. Lesions at necropsy 60 or 72 hours postinoculation were
      subcutaneous edema, mesenteric lymphadenitis, diffuse intestinal superficial
      mucosal necrosis with villous atrophy, and focal deep ulceration in the ileum.
      Salmonella choleraesuis was isolated from all segments of intestine and from
      feces, liver and spleen. Piglets inoculated with S. typhimurium developed a
      relatively mild diarrheal disease with lesions similar to those with S.
      choleraesuis infection but less severe. The inoculated organism was recovered
      from all areas of intestine and from feces, liver and spleen. Serum from infected
      and control piglets had high (greater than 1:256) agglutinating titres against S.
      typhimurium but low titres (0 to 1:8) against S. choleraesuis. The agglutinins
      were assumed to originate from colostral antibodies.

PMID- 387190
TI  - Results of retransplantation in individuals who received two successive cadaver
      kidneys.
AB  - At the Royal Victoria Hospital in Montreal, 22 patients received two successive
      cadaver renal transplants. The results were analysed to determine which factors
      have the best predictive value for success or failure in renal retransplantation.
      The fate of a second cadaver renal allograft was found to be about the same as
      the first if the initial transplant has been lost because of rejection and not
      technical failure. The duration of survival of the initial transplant serves as
      the best guide to potential outcome of retransplantation after rejection of the
      initial graft.

PMID- 387192
TI  - Emergency treatment of variceal hemorrhage.
AB  - The cirrhotic patient with acute bleeding from esophageal varices has less than a
      50% chance of leaving the hospital alive; the outlook for survival is so poor
      that even desperate measures are worthwhile. Some traditional nonsurgical methods
      for the control of the bleeding are either ineffective at worst or temporary at
      best. Balloon tamponade is not recommended at all, but intravenously administered
      vasopressin may be helpful in allowing the necessary diagnostic investigations to
      be completed. Most important at this stage are the measures necessary to improve
      the general status of the patient--restoration of blood volume with fresh blood,
      prevention of ammonia intoxication, support of the liver, correction of metabolic
      alkalosis and treatment of the hyperdynamic state with digitalis and cardiotonic
      drugs. Controlling the bleeding is not the greatest problem--the greatest problem
      is achieving survival of a critically ill patient who undergoes a formidable
      operation (e.g., variceal ligation stops the bleeding, but is itself an operation
      of considerable magnitude). In our hands emergency shunting is the best treatment
      providing a definitive procedure with the highest 10-year survival rate and the
      lowest complication rate.

PMID- 387191
TI  - Autotransplantation for treating renovascular hypertension.
AB  - Autotransplantation is presented as a surgical technique for the repair of
      diseases of the renal artery causing hypertension. Investigation of patients with
      renovascular hypertension is reviewed stressing the importance of radiologic
      studies. The author discusses the results obtained in 31 patients who underwent
      renal autotransplantation. In his experience the procedure has proven to be
      particularly effective for repairing renal artery stenosis and in patients
      presenting with severe renovascular hypertension. Associated lesions of the renal
      artery requiring extensive reconstruction may be repaired with greater safety to
      both the patient and the kidney using this technique.

PMID- 387193
TI  - [Use of automatic suturing devices in surgery of the digestive tract].
AB  - A review of 345 surgical procedures performed on the digestive tract with the use
      of automatic suturing devices is presented. The morbidity due to hemmorrhage,
      fistula formation and obstruction as well as the reoperation and mortality rates
      are discussed and compared with those reported in the literature for the same
      procedures using standard anastomotic and suturing techniques. This study
      confirms the safety of these stapling instruments in a wide variety of
      gastrointestinal procedures in which their use resulted in a considerable saving
      of operative time.

PMID- 387196
TI  - [Black plague reappears in Southeast Asia].

PMID- 387197
TI  - Abortion of fetuses with spina bifida?

PMID- 387194
TI  - Identification of impaired hearing in early childhood.
AB  - Although the incidence of congenital deafness is high, routine neonatal screening
      for this problem is not practised, and early identification of congenital or
      early acquired deafness is relatively rare. Delaying therapy until a child is 3
      or more years old severely limits speech development, language acquisition and
      learning. The commonest causes of delay in diagnosis are the refusal of
      physicians to listen to the parents' observations, their failure to screen
      children for hearing and speech problems, and their reluctance to arrange prompt
      referral for audiologic assessment. Diagnostic delay occurs even though half the
      children who have impaired hearing are known to be at increased risk. A plea is
      made for the setting up of a register of infants known to be at risk for impaired
      hearing. First-contact physicians should be alert to the possibility of hearing
      problems, particularly in children at high risk. Screening methods for use by
      nonspecialist practitioners are outlined.

PMID- 387195
TI  - Occupational lung cancer and smoking: a review in the light of current theories
      of carcinogenesis.
AB  - This paper considers modern theories of carcinogenesis as they apply to the
      induction of lung cancer by tobacco smoking and occupational exposure to
      carcinogens. Some of the known and postulated factors affecting carcinogenesis
      are discussed, with particular reference to syncarcinogenesis and thresholds.
      Factors affecting the intensity of smoking exposure are reviewed, and the
      generally accepted occupational lung carcinogens are listed. Relative risks for
      the various carcinogens according to smoking status (where known) are presented.
      The carcinogens are considered individually, and known or postulated interactions
      with smoking are discussed. It is concluded that the effects of lung carcinogens
      can be explained on the basis of current theories that support a rational
      definition of priorities for the prevention of occupational lung cancer.

PMID- 387198
TI  - Hemodynamic monitoring: a personal and historical perspective.

PMID- 387199
TI  - Influence of mechanical ventilation and pulmonary disease on pulmonary artery
      pressure monitoring.
AB  - Mechanical ventilation and respiratory disease impose both theoretical and
      practical limitations on the interpretation of hemodynamic measurements. To
      properly interpret such information a thorough understanding of the circulatory
      changes associated with normal breathing, mechanical ventilation and respiratory
      disease is vital. There are a variety of factors involved in patients with
      obstructive lung disease and those receiving mechanical ventilation that
      complicate the usual interpretation of hemodynamic data obtained from flow
      directed catheters. An awareness of the potential pitfalls of hemodynamic
      monitoring in such situations is important in the efficient use of the
      hemodynamic data obtained.

PMID- 387200
TI  - Dr. Thomas Barnardo's orphans were shipped 500 km to save body and soul.

PMID- 387201
TI  - Seventy years of public health in Canada.

PMID- 387202
TI  - The REACH Centre--its history and work (1969-1976). I. Historical background and
      program description.

PMID- 387204
TI  - 5 FU infusion with mitomycin-C vs. 5 FU infusion with methyl-CCNU in the
      treatment of advanced upper gastrointestinal cancer: a Southwest Oncology Group
      Study.
AB  - A randomized trial was conducted by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) in
      advanced carcinoma of the stomach and pancreas. Patients were assigned to receive
      monthly 5-fluorouracil 96-hour continuous infusions with either bolus mitomycin-C
      or oral methyl-CCNU. Mitomycin-C and methyl-CCNU were administered every eight
      weeks. The 5 FU-mitomycin combination produced a 14% and 22% response rate in
      disseminated stomach and pancreatic carcinoma, respectively. The combination of
      infusion 5 FU and methyl-CCNU achieved responses in 9% and 5% of stomach and
      pancreatic tumors, respectively. There was no significant difference in survival
      between limbs for either tumor. Median survival in gastric carcinoma on the 5 FU
      mitomycin regimen was 25 weeks vs. 18 weeks on the 5 FU-METHYL-CCNU arm. In
      pancreatic carcinoma median survival on the mitomycin limb was 19 weeks as
      compared to 17 weeks on the methyl-CCNU program. Leukopenia was greater for the
      first course on the mitomycin limb. Regression analysis demonstrated that
      performance status was the most important pretreatment characteristic for
      predicting survival in both tumors. Neither 5 FU infusion combination appears to
      significantly alter the dismal prognosis of advanced upper gastrointestinal
      neoplasms.

PMID- 387203
TI  - A phase II trial of ftorafur: adriamycin and mitomycin-C (FAM II) in advanced
      gastric adenocarcinoma.
AB  - Fifteen patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with the combination
      of Ftorafur, Adriamycin and mitomycin-C (FAM II). Three patients showed partial
      responses, in five the disease remained stable for at least 3 months and seven
      showed progression while on treatment. All responding patients showed survival in
      excess of 12 months. Hematologic toxicity was of only moderate severity. Median
      white count nadir was 3500 cells/mm3 and median platelet nadir was 187,000
      cells/mm3. Four patients had white count nadirs from 2000--2500 cells/mm3 and
      three had nadirs from 500--1500 cells/mm3; also there were four with platelet
      nadirs less than 100,000/mm3. However, no drug-related infections occurred and no
      platelet transfusions were required. The major non-hematologic toxicities of the
      regimen were nausea, vomiting, dizziness, vertigo, and rhinorrhea. These
      toxicities were limiting and resulted in termination of the trial because of poor
      patient acceptance and the failure of the combination to exhibit a therapeutic
      advantage over the similar combination (FAM) that employed weekly 5-fluorouracil
      in place of Ftorafur.

PMID- 387205
TI  - The morphologic effects of radiation administered therapeutically for
      intracranial gliomas: a postmortem study of 25 cases.
AB  - To investigate the pathologic consequences of therapeutic radiation, this
      morphologic study evaluated the brains of 25 patients with intracranial gliomas
      treated both with and without this form of therapy. Although beneficial effects
      such as the retardation of tumor growth were evident in these studies, among the
      seventeen patients who received from 5000--6000 rads for malignant gliomas, four
      developed "late delayed" radiation necrosis. The strong predilection of this
      tissue response for the white matter adjacent to the neoplasm suggests a local
      sensitivity which may have been engendered or enhanced by cerebral edema. A fifth
      case disclosed focal demyelination in the mid-brain suggesting "early delayed"
      radiation necrosis, and an additional case had distinctive foci of necrosis
      within the brain stem. Changes of diffuse cerebral edema were noted in many of
      the radiated brains. It is concluded that radiation therapy in commonly employed
      dosages for malignant gliomas carries a risk of injury to surrounding cerebral
      tissues.

PMID- 387207
TI  - Cardiac tamponade resulting from pericardial extramedullary hematopoiesis: a case
      report and review of the literature.
AB  - A patient with an unusual myeloproliferative disorder, characterized by
      hepatosplenomegaly, myelofibrosis, ringed sideroblasts, and conversion to acute
      myeloblastic leukemia developed cardiac tamponade secondary to pericardia
      extramedullary hematopoiesis. Diagnostic criteria are discussed. Irradiation and
      systemic chemotherapy were successful in controlling the effusion.

PMID- 387206
TI  - Primary carcinoid of the kidney: light and electron microscopic study.
AB  - A case of an asymptomatic primary renal carcinoid tumor in a 61-year-old male is
      presented. The tumor was large with extensive hemorrhagic necrosis. Metastases
      were present in para-aortic lymph nodes. Ultrastructurally, dense core granules
      and masses of cytoplasmic filaments, including tonofilaments, were seen. The
      granules were faintly argyrophilic. The relevant literature is reviewed.

PMID- 387208
TI  - Clinical toxicologic and pharmacologic studies of gallium nitrate.
AB  - Gallium nitrate, administered intravenously to patients with advanced cancer,
      produced renal functional abnormalities consistently at a dose of 750 mg/m2. The
      toxicity at that dose could be modified by fluid loading and osmotic diuresis.
      Pharmacokinetic studies revealed a biphasic half-life, (T 1/2 alpha = 87 minutes
      and T 1/2 beta = 24.5 hours). Osmotic diuresis reduced the urinary concentration
      of gallium but did not affect serum levels or clearance.

PMID- 387209
TI  - Metastatic melanoma of the gallbladder.
AB  - Metastatic involvement of the gallbladder in melanoma is rare, but constitutes
      the most common metastatic lesion involving this organ. Two cases of metastatic
      melanoma to the gallbladder with radiographic evidence of gallbladder abnormality
      prior to surgery are presented. These cases are compared to the nine previously
      reported cases of metastatic melanoma to the gallbladder with abnormal
      cholecystograms. All eleven cases presented with signs and symptoms compatible
      with cholecystitis. Nine of the eleven patients had a previous melanoma primary
      and most had other extrabiliary metastases. Associated cholelithiasis appeared to
      be only incidental. In addition, nine reported cases of "primary" biliary
      melanoma were reviewed. Clinical and pathologic presentations in the latter cases
      were similar to the former cases with metastases. Seventy-eight percent had
      extrabiliary sites of metastasis at some time in the course of their disease,
      tending to refute the impression of "primary" biliary melanoma. Melanoma in the
      gallbladder is much more likely to have metastasized from a regressed skin
      primary than to have arisen de novo. The two reported cases and the 18 cases from
      the literature indicate that the physician must consider gallbladder metastasis
      in melanoma patients presenting with symptoms compatible with cholecystitis.

PMID- 387210
TI  - Multifocal osteosarcoma: a case report with review of the literature.
AB  - Multifocal osteosarcoma with unique patho-biological features in a 23-year old
      white male is reported. The natural history and classification of multiple
      osteosarcomas are reviewed. A proposal is presented for evaluation of the
      multicentric origin in future cases.

PMID- 387211
TI  - Current concepts of bacteremia in children with malignancies.
AB  - One hundred fifteen episodes of bacteremia occurred among 2790 children with
      malignancies hospitalized during a 45-month period. The mean age was 9.3 years
      with a male predilection (62%). A greater (p less than .025) number of children
      over 10 years of age died with bacteremia when compared to younger children. The
      majority of episodes occurred in children with leukemia (56%); however, once
      bacteremia developed, a significantly (p less than .05) greater number of
      children with lymphoma died when compared to children with other malignancies.
      Absolute polymorphonuclear leukocyte counts were greater in survivors (p less
      than .025) than in children who died. Thirty-seven different microorganisms were
      isolated with E. coli, S. Aureus, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae accounting for
      50% of the episodes. Anaerobes were isolated from blood of 12 (10%) children.
      Twelve children had polymicrobial bacteremia and 14 had recurrent bacteremia
      which occurred during antibiotic therapy. Mortality (78%) in these children was
      significantly (p less than .001) greater then in children from whom one
      microorganism was isolated (47%). Interesting aspects include the resurgence of
      S. aureus, failure of development of meningitis in children with bacteremia, and
      unchanged antibiotic susceptibility since the last review of bacteremia in this
      institution. Polymicrobial and recurrent bacteremia necessitate obtaining
      simultaneous and sequential blood cultures to facilitate administration of
      appropriate antimicrobial therapy until bone marrow function improves.

PMID- 387213
TI  - Handicap: a parent's perspective.

PMID- 387212
TI  - Combination chemoimmunotherapy of metastatic breast cancer with 5-fluorouracil,
      adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and BCG.
AB  - One hundred five patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated with 5
      fluorouracil, Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and BCG (FAC-BCG). The results were
      compared to those observed in a group of 44 patients treated with FAC
      chemotherapy alone. Although the overall response rates were similar (76% for FAC
      BCG and 73% for FAC), the duration of remission was of 9 months for FAC and 14
      months for FAC-BCG (p = 0.008). Similarly, survival of responding patients
      treated with FAC-BCG was significantly longer (24 months) than that observed in
      the chemotherapy alone treated group (15 months). There was no difference in
      survival or duration on study for nonresponders. Analysis of response rates by
      known prognostic factors was unrewarding. The duration of remission and survival,
      however, were significantly longer for patients with bone soft tissue involvement
      than for patients with visceral metastasis. Similarly patients with 1 or 2
      metastatic sites survived significantly longer than those with more than 3 organ
      sites involved (p = 0.02). This chemotherapeutic combination is highly effective
      in inducing remissions. In addition, nonspecific immunotherapy with BCG appears
      to prolong duration of remission and survival for responding patients.

PMID- 387214
TI  - Mutagenic activity of rhodamine dyes and their impurities as detected by mutation
      induction in Salmonella and DNA damage in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AB  - Commercial rhodamine dyes 6G and B induce His+ reversion mutations in Salmonella
      and single-strand breaks in Chinese hamster ovary cells, as detected by alkaline
      sucrose sedimentation. Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver homogenate (S9) is required
      for production of genetic activity by these dyes. Rhodamine 6G induces both
      frameshift and base substitution mutations, whereas rhodamine B induces only
      frameshift mutations. Rhodamine 6G is genetically more active and more toxic than
      is rhodamine B in both the bacterial and mammalian assays. Rhodamine 6G and B
      induce doublings of His+ revertants in Salmonella at the doses of 0.02 and 0.52
      mumol/plate and shifts in the molecular weight of Chinese hamster ovary DNA at
      concentrations of 9 x 10(-5) and 9 x 10(-4) M, respectively. All genetic effects
      assayed demonstrate dose-related increases. Further testing of the pure dyes in
      Salmonella revealed that rhodamine B loses most of its mutagenicity with
      purification, whereas rhodamine 6G does not. Impurities from commercial rhodamine
      B demonstrate the same extent of mutagenicity as the commercial dye.

PMID- 387215
TI  - Effect of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea adjuvant therapy
      on the immune response of patients with malignant melanoma.

PMID- 387217
TI  - Correlation between metabolic reduction rates and electron affinity of
      nitroheterocycles.
AB  - Nitroheterocyclic compounds can selectively sensitize hypoxic (tumor) cells to
      radiation damage in vitro. However, results in vivo have generally been less
      optimistic, inasmuch as metabolic reduction of these drugs not only limits
      effective lifetime but also produces metabolic intermediates with marked
      cytotoxic and carcinogenic activity. With three reducing systems in vitro, E.
      coli B/r, mouse L-929 cells, and mouse liver microsomes, the rate of
      nitroreduction of several nitroheterocycles was found to be proportional to their
      electron affinity (half-wave reduction potential). Relative to the rate of
      nitrofurazone reduction in each system, metronidazole (Flagyl), N-hydroxyethyl
      3,5-dinitropyrrole, misonidazole, nifuroxime, nitrofurantoin, and furylfuramide
      were metabolized about 200, 20, 2, 1.4, and 1.2 times less rapidly, while 3,5
      dinitrobenzonitrile, 2,5-dinitrophenol, and 5-nitro-2-furaldehyde diacetate were
      reduced 2, 3, and 4 times more rapidly. Since nitroreduction has previously been
      correlated with subsequent cytotoxicity, DNA damage, and mutagenicity, the
      present results suggest that improvements in the therapeutic efficacy of
      nitroheterocycles (i.e., sensitization without toxicity and carcinogenicity) will
      be dependent on development of drugs with more appropriate pharmacological
      properties.

PMID- 387216
TI  - Survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with either
      combination or sequential chemotherapy.
AB  - One hundred twenty-one patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the breast were
      randomized to concurrent combination therapy or single-drug chemotherapy
      administered sequentially. Although response frequency and duration of response
      were significantly increased in patients receiving the combination regimen,
      survival was not significantly prolonged when compared to those receiving
      sequential treatment. For the 69 patients free of liver metastasis, median
      survival was comparable in both treatment arms (14.4 months sequential versus
      12.8 months combination). These results indicate that a large subset of patients
      with metastatic breast cancer may benefit from less aggressive therapeutic
      regimens. Furthermore, these results illustrate that conclusions of chemotherapy
      trials in breast cancer based only on response frequency and duration of response
      represent preliminary results subject to change when final survival information
      becomes available.

PMID- 387219
TI  - Histological and biochemical studies of a transplantable rat chondrosarcoma.

PMID- 387218
TI  - In vitro studies of cell-mediated immunity to Moloney murine leukemia virus and
      Moloney leukemia-associated surface antigens.
AB  - Cell-mediated immunity to Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV) and to tumor
      associated surface antigens of leukemia cells induced by the virus was studied
      with an in vitro migration inhibition factor assay. Spleen cells of C57BL/6N mice
      at Day 14 following inoculation with Moloney murine sarcoma virus, produced
      migration inhibition factor in response to M-MuLV. The Moloney murine sarcoma
      virus-immune spleen cells, however, did not respond to other murine type C
      viruses, to AKR and Rauscher viruses, or to murine mammary tumor virus. The
      immune spleen cells also responded specifically to purified glycoprotein with
      molecular weights of 69,000 and 71,000 and proteins with molecular weights of
      30,000 and 12,000, but not to protein with a molecular weight of 10,000, of the
      homologous M-MuLV. Migration inhibition factor production was also observed in
      response to soluble 3 M KCl extracts of leukemia cells, MBL-2, induced by M-MuLV.
      Similarly, the immune spleen cells responded to membrane fractions purified from
      the MBL-2 cells. Comparable membrane fractions prepared from a Gross virus
      induced leukemia, E male G2, and a radiation-induced leukemia, RL male 1, were
      not active. The tumor-associated surface antigens of MBL-2 membranes could be
      solubilized by the detergent, Nonident P-40. Thus, C57BL/6N mice inoculated with
      Moloney murine sarcoma virus developed cell-mediated immunity to envelope and
      some internal antigens of M-MuLV and also to tumor-associated surface antigens of
      a tumor induced by this leukemia virus.

PMID- 387220
TI  - Mutagenicity of N-methyl-N'-aryl-N-nitrosoureas and N-methyl-N'-aryl-N'-methyl-N
      nitrosoureas in relation to their alkylating activity.

PMID- 387221
TI  - Mechanism of action of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II).
AB  - Although the mechanism of action of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) is not
      definitely known, much has been discovered regarding its antitumor effect.
      Although neutral in plasma, the platinum complex becomes aquated intracellularly
      to form a positively charged platinum species that is likely to interact with
      nucleophilic sites. The purine and pyrimidine bases of DNA possess such sites and
      provide the locale for the majority of the biologically effective intracellular
      platinum binding. Although several types of binding are possible, the
      biologically important lesions are most likely interstrand and/or intrastrand
      cross-links. The extent of formation and the rate of cellular repair of these
      lesions may determine the ultimate effect of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) on
      the cell.

PMID- 387222
TI  - Mode of DNA binding of cis-platinum(II) antitumor drugs: a base sequence
      dependent mechanism is proposed.
AB  - Chloroammine and similar complexes of platinum(II) having the ammine ligands in
      the cis configuration are effective antitumor agents but the corresponding trans
      isomers are not. This is possibly due to the different manner in which these
      drugs attack DNA. There is considerable controversy in the literature over the
      type of DNA lesion caused by cis-platinum(II) complexes. Some have proposed an
      attack on a single guanine base via chelation to N(7) and O(6) as being the
      biologically important interaction. However, much indirect evidence suggests that
      binding to adjacent guanine bases in the same strand of DNA is important to the
      mechanism of action. Following initial binding to guanine bases, DNA is then
      locally denatured, exposing additional crosslinking sites. Thus, the selectivity
      of cis-platinum(II) complexes in inhibiting tumor growth may be due to a
      combination of intrastrand and interstrand crosslinking to DNA at areas of
      specific base sequences.

PMID- 387223
TI  - Toxic effects of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in man.
AB  - Administration of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) may be associated with a
      number of serious side effects, including nephrotoxicity, gastroeintestinal side
      effects (nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea), myelosuppression, and occasional
      transient elevations in liver function tests. In addition, ototoxicity (tinnitus
      and hearing loss), anaphylactic reactions, peripheral neuropathies, and
      hypomagnesemia with resulting tetany may also be encountered. The toxic potential
      of this new agent necessitates careful clinical monitoring during treatment.

PMID- 387224
TI  - cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.
AB  - cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (cis-platinum) was used in the treatment of 25
      patients with advanced ovarian adenocarcinoma refractory to alkylating agents.
      Seven of 24 evaluable patients (29%) responded to cis-platinum (one complete
      response and six partial responses). Life-table analysis of survival indicates
      that patients responding to therapy survive longer than those who fail to respond
      (9 months versus 3.2 months) (P = 0.014). In previously treated patients given 70
      mg/m2 iv with forced diuresis, there was substantial nausea and vomiting (100%),
      hematologic toxicity (67%), and renal toxicity (34%). A review of the single
      agent activity of cis-platinum in other ovarian cancer studies indicates an
      overall response rate of 25% (40 of 161 patients). At least nine combination
      chemotherapy studies utilizing cis-platinum are in progress, and preliminary
      information from several of these is encouraging and suggests that cis-platinum
      containing combinations may have a major role in the treatment of ovarian
      adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 387227
TI  - Radiotherapy in the management of nonseminomatous testicular carcinoma.
AB  - Treatment of stage I and II nonseminomatous testicular carcinoma is reviewed.
      Retrospective studies show comparable cure rates following radiation therapy
      alone, surgery alone, or radiation therapy and surgery combined. For clinical
      stage I carcinoma, the long-term disease-free rates appear to be approximately
      80%; for clinical stage II disease, the long-term disease-free rates appear to be
      approximately 60%. The development of effective combination chemotherapy for
      stage III disease suggests a need to rethink the approach for optimal management
      of stage II disease. Future clinical trials should be aimed at maximizing cure
      rates by attention to disseminated disease as well as by local control. Optimal
      management should also include some consideration of the long-term toxic effects
      of the various treatment modalities.

PMID- 387225
TI  - Cancer of the ovary: a summary of experience with cis
      dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) at the Royal Marsden Hospital.
AB  - A review of the use of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (cis-platinum) as a
      single agent in 82 patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma, previously treated
      with chemotherapy, shows that response rates of 33% and 52% are achieved with
      doses of 30 and 100 mg/m2 respectively. In 58 previously untreated patients a
      combination of chlorambucil and cis-platinum (regimen B) was compared in a
      randomized study with a combination of chlorambucil, cis-platinum, and Adriamycin
      (regimen C). Complete responses were seen in 32% and 41% of the patients
      respectively. Remissions were most prolonged in patients with complete
      regressions, the median being greater than 15 months for both regimens. Because
      of the good regressions, second-look operations have been possible in 12 patients
      for the purpose of confirming regression and performing radical surgical removal.
      In six of these patients, all specimens failed to show evidence of residual
      carcinoma. The major toxic effects of cis-platinum in our hands are neurologic
      effects and anemia; both have been reversible after cessation of treatment.

PMID- 387226
TI  - Phase II trials with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in the treatment of
      urothelial cancer.
AB  - Results of disease-oriented phase II trials with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II)
      (cis-platinum) in 135 adequately treated patients with advanced urothelial tumors
      at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center are presented. In four protocols which
      used cis-platinum alone or in combination with Adriamycin and/or cyclophosphamide
      in 95 patients with bladder cancer, no significant difference (46%--54%) in the
      number of partial remissions (PRs) in previously untreated patients was noted.
      The median duration of response in three of the four protocols was 5--7 months. A
      review of the literature indicates that cis-platinum used singly produced
      remissions in 45% of 67 patients (95% confidence limit, 12%--57%). In the
      treatment of superficial bladder tumors, intravesically administered cis-platinum
      induced few complete or sustained remissions. The difficulties in evaluating
      response with intravesical therapy are discussed. The importance of patient
      selection, particularly the need to include patients with objectively measurable
      disease parameters, in phase II trials is stressed. Differences in patient
      characteristics and response criteria will necessitate prospective randomized
      trials of cis-platinum alone versus cis-platinum combination regimens in the
      treatment of metastatic disease. cis-Platinum was inactive (12% PRs) in 25
      patients with prostatic cancer who had objectively measurable parameters. It is
      of interest that PRs were obtained in three of six patients (50%) with penile
      cancer. A review of the literature and the data in the present series indicates
      that cis-platinum has no value in the treatment of metastatic hypernephroma.

PMID- 387228
TI  - Basis for adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II testicular cancer. The Intergroup
      Testicular Protocol Writing Committee.

PMID- 387229
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of the 6-thiopurines.

PMID- 387230
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer--a multicenter trial.

PMID- 387231
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer--Swiss co-operative studies.

PMID- 387232
TI  - The West Midlands co-operative trial of adjuvant chemotherapy for operable breast
      cancer.

PMID- 387233
TI  - Oral adjuvant therapy in breast carcinoma--a multicentre trial.

PMID- 387235
TI  - Prolapsed mitral leaflet syndrome.

PMID- 387234
TI  - Analysis of a co-operative study of adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer.

PMID- 387236
TI  - Congenital cardiovascular abnormalities usually "silent" until adulthood:
      morphologic features of the floppy mitral valve, valvular aortic stenosis,
      discrete subvalvular aortic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, sinus of
      Valsalva aneurysm, and the Marfan syndrome.

PMID- 387238
TI  - [Preliminary report of isolated pancreatic islets and stored in liquid N2
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 387237
TI  - Cardiac nuclear medicine: an overview.

PMID- 387239
TI  - Cytochemical localization of peroxidase and peroxidase-labelled antibodies in
      ultrathin frozen sections.

PMID- 387240
TI  - The regional distribution and hormone-dependence of an antigenic substance in the
      epithelium of the mouse reproductive tract. Correlation with histochemical and
      autohistoradiographic parameters.

PMID- 387241
TI  - Cancer of the breast: morphological changes after peritumoral BCG as new
      parameters to choice of treatment and prognosis.

PMID- 387242
TI  - Immune responses in patients with carcinoma of the colorectum and stomach.

PMID- 387243
TI  - Some properties of a tissue-specific antigen isolated from mouse vaginal
      epithelium.

PMID- 387245
TI  - [60 years of work for the people's health].

PMID- 387244
TI  - Cellular immunity in early human breast carcinoma.

PMID- 387246
TI  - [Beginnings and development of organized anti-tb campaign on the territory of
      today's Czechoslovakia (author's transl)].

PMID- 387247
TI  - [The country physician at the end of the 19th century].

PMID- 387248
TI  - [Some remarks on Master Claret and on terms used in anatomy in the epoch of
      Charles IV (author's transl)].

PMID- 387249
TI  - [Clinical uses of the leucocyte adherence inhibition test in patients with
      laryngeal carcinoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 387251
TI  - The activated hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory system and the one neuron
      -one neurohypophysial hormone concept.
AB  - The activated hypothalamic magnocellular neurosecretory system of the rat was
      studied in tissue sections, double stained with the unlabeled antibody peroxidase
      antiperoxidase complex (PAP) technique. The results indicate that in animals with
      an activated hypothalamic magnocellular neuroendocrine system, as well as in
      normal animals, vasopressin and oxytocin are exclusively synthesized in separate
      vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic neurons.

PMID- 387250
TI  - Immunocytochemical identification of enkephalinergic neurons in the hypothalamic
      magnocellular preoptic nucleus of the goldfish, Carassius auratus.
AB  - Our immunocytochemical investigation of the magnocellular neuroendocrine system
      in the goldfish hypothalamus reveals enkephalin (ENK)-containing neurons
      interspersed among the vasotocin (VT)- and isotocin (IT)-containing neurons of
      the preoptic nucleus. The perikarya of the ENK, VT, and IT neurons do not show
      distinct morphological differences at the level of light microscopy and are not
      located preferentially within the nucleus. Separate ENK, VT and IT fibers course
      laterally and ventrally through the hypothalamus as they descend toward the
      pituitary gland. All three fiber types form terminals around blood vessels in the
      neurohypophysis.

PMID- 387252
TI  - The birth of a College: academia and the general practitioner.

PMID- 387253
TI  - Harare Hospital ("Gomo") comes of age.

PMID- 387254
TI  - Dr. Luisa Mistrali Guidotti.

PMID- 387255
TI  - CAPS jottings on malaria.

PMID- 387256
TI  - Overlapping genes in RNA phage: a new protein implicated in lysis.

PMID- 387257
TI  - Analysis of a recessive plasmid copy number mutant: evidence for negative control
      of Col E1 replication.

PMID- 387258
TI  - The molecular topography of RNA polymerase-promoter interaction.
AB  - Ultraviolet irradiation forms covalent crosslinks between E. coli RNA polymerase
      and the lac UV5 promoter substituted with bromouracil in the place of thymine. I
      have determined the polymerase subunit and the base within the promoter sequence
      that are joined to each other in two such crosslinks. The sigma and beta subunits
      of RNA polymerase, respectively, are crosslinked to the third base upstream (-3)
      and the second base downstream (+3) from the starting point of transcription
      (+1). Both bases are on the nontemplate strand of the promoter DNA. The location
      of the beta subunit suggests that it forms at least part of the catalytic site of
      the enzyme. The disposition of sigma suggests that this subunit plays a direct
      role in unwinding the DNA at the promoter. The sigma crosslink is close to the
      "Pribnow Box," which is centered about 10 bases upstream from the RNA start site,
      contains a striking homology between promoters and is the locus of many promoter
      mutations.

PMID- 387259
TI  - Regulation of the synthesis of surface protein in the cell cycle of E. coli B/r.

PMID- 387260
TI  - Isolation of a circular derivative of yeast chromosome III: implications for the
      mechanism of mating type interconversion.
AB  - We describe genetic and physical characterization of rearrangements of chromosome
      III which result in changes of cell type in S. cerevisiae. Two types of
      rearrangements were obtained as rare events which caused a change at the locus
      controlling cell type, MAT, associated with a recessive lethal mutation, in one
      case from MATalpha to MATa-lethal, and in the other case from MATa to MATalpha
      lethal. The MATa-lethal mutation is a deletion on the right arm of chromosome
      III, which we demonstrate extends to (or near) HMalpha. We suggest this deletion
      removes MATalpha and activates cryptic MATa information stored in HMalpha as
      proposed in the cassette model of mating type interconversion. The MATalpha
      lethal mutation is the result of the formation of a circular chromosome III,
      which we interpret to remove MATa and activate the cryptic MATalpha information
      stored at HMa. Strains carrying the MATalpha-lethal chromosome contain a circular
      chromosome of length 62.6 plus or minus 5.7 mum, which is absent in related
      strains. This chromosome was confirmed to be chromosome III by hybridization of
      specific yeast DNA fragments to supercoiled DNA obtained from MATalpha-lethal
      strains. The isolation of a large circular derivative of chromosome III allows
      correlation of genetic and physical distance based on large distances-1
      centimorgan corresponds to approximately 2700 base pairs.

PMID- 387261
TI  - [Czechoslovak gynecologic-obstetrical literature published in 1977 in journals
      other than Czechoslovak Gynecology].

PMID- 387262
TI  - [Extirpation of basaliomas in the head and neck region with subsequent plasty
      using sewn-in skin transplants].

PMID- 387263
TI  - [On the 60th birthday of Dr. Stanislav Tichy].

PMID- 387264
TI  - [Dr. Ivan Choak, 65 years of age].

PMID- 387265
TI  - [Methods of investigating the heart conduction system].
AB  - A description is presented of improved methods of examining the conductive system
      of the heart designed for special routine investigations. The methodology
      comprises: a) injection of coronary arteries with contrast medium and their X-ray
      visualization, b) special technique of heart postmortem, c) histological
      investigation with a view to the precise topography of the particular parts of
      the conductive system including detailed histological processing in series
      cestions by means of staining methods: haematoxylin-eosin, elastica-van Gieson,
      P. A. S., and Heidenhain.

PMID- 387266
TI  - Mutation induction and killing of Escherichia coli by DNA adducts and crosslinks:
      a photobiological study with 8-methoxypsoralen.
AB  - Low doses of 350 nm radiation (NUV) in the presence of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP)
      induce predominantly mono-adducts in bacterial DNA. Further exposure to NUV in
      the absence of 8-MOP converts a proportion of these mono-adducts to interstrand
      cross-links. Using this approach the relative effects of adducts and cross-links
      on bacteria with different repair capacities was studied. Escherichia coli WP100
      uvrA recA, believed to be totally deficient in the ability to repair 8-MOP plus
      NUV damage to DNA, was inactivated on average by a single photon event occurring
      with a quantum efficiency of about 0.03. We conclude that the inactivating lesion
      is probably a single mono-adduct. E. coli WP2 uvrA, deficient in excision
      endonuclease activity, may be inactivated by a very small number of cross-links,
      probably one. These conclusions are consistent with present knowledge of the
      repair capabilities of these bacteria. Conversion of mono-adducts to cross-links
      in WP2 uvrA (which occurs with a quantum efficiency of around 0.3) greatly
      increases lethality but results in a reduction of the induced mutation frequency
      presumably because cross-links are (almost) invariably lethal. In the repair
      proficient strain WP2 both adducts and cross-links can be repaired but the latter
      are more likely than the former to lead to either death or mutation.

PMID- 387267
TI  - Biological activity of metal complexes. I. Interaction of pt(II), pd(II) and
      rh(I) complexes with E. coli strains and with mice LS fibroblasts in vitro.
AB  - The effects of a number of Pt(II, Pd(II) and Rh(I) complexes against cultures of
      Escherichia coli (strains B, H10178, uvra-, recA-) and cultures of mice LS
      Fibroblasts were tested. Most of the compounds showed higher cytotoxic activity
      than the cis-Pt(NH3)2Cl2, the compound at present on clinical trial as
      antittumour drug. A new model of active compound is proposed.

PMID- 387268
TI  - [Robert Deschiens. Obituary].

PMID- 387269
TI  - [A private viewpoint of Robert Deschiens' contribution to the knowledge of
      amebas].

PMID- 387270
TI  - [Surgical treatment of severe astigmatism of the graft after perforating
      keratoplasties].

PMID- 387271
TI  - [Diagnostic value of immunofluorescent study of the temporal artery in Horton's
      disease].

PMID- 387272
TI  - [Horton's disease and immunofluorescent study of the temporal arteries].

PMID- 387274
TI  - [Restoration of the sphincter iridis].

PMID- 387273
TI  - [Treatment of pterygium with a sclero-corneal lamellar graft].

PMID- 387275
TI  - Haemophili in the human gingival crevice.

PMID- 387277
TI  - Adhesiveness of the encapsulated composite restorative materials to human enamel.

PMID- 387276
TI  - Dental casting technique for preventing casting defects.

PMID- 387278
TI  - [Serial sialography with subtraction in salivary gland diseases (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 387279
TI  - Clinical trials with daunorubicin-DNA and adriamycin-DNA in acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia of childhood, acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia, and bronchogenic
      carcinoma.
AB  - Treatment with daunorubicin-DNA (DNR-DNA) or adriamycin-DNA (ADM-DNA) has been
      evaluated in acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood (ALL), acute
      nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) and bronchogenic carcinoma (BC). The Five-year
      survival rate in 69 children with ALL was 73.7% when ADM-DNA was introduced in
      the treatment and 38% with DNR-DNA (P = 0.03). A randomization between free DNR
      and DNR-DNA for remission induction in 26 patients with ANLL has shown that the
      drugs were of equivalent effectiveness. The one-year survival rate was 66% for
      the DNR group and 64% for the DNR-DNA group. In 59 patients with BC, a randomized
      trial between ADM-DNA and cyclophosphamide-vinblastine (CTX-VLB) did not show an
      advantage in favor of one of these treatments. In anaplastic BC (51 patients),
      there was no difference in survival rate or remission rate between patients
      treated with ADM or ADM-DNA. No cardiotoxicity was noted among the patients
      treated with the complexed drugs. ADM-DNA and DNR-DNA are as effective as the
      free drugs. Cardiotoxicity appears to be reduced.

PMID- 387280
TI  - Peripheral vascular H2 receptors to histamine.
AB  - The development of two different types of antagonists to the many actions of
      histamine has permitted exploration of vascular receptors to the amine. Certain
      cautions are necessary to avoid inaccurate conclusions in such studies, however.
      From available literature it appears that both H1 and H2 receptors to histamine
      are widely distributed in the circulation. In a given regional vasculature
      discrete actions of each receptor may be evident.

PMID- 387281
TI  - National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute - American Heart Assocaition 30-year
      birthday celebration.

PMID- 387282
TI  - Progress toward prevention of cardiovascular disease. A 30-year retrospective.
AB  - Since its creation as the National Heart Institute in 1948, the National Heart,
      Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) has led a national biomedical research program
      in heart, lung, blood, and blood vessel diseases, and has become increasingly
      involved in complex clinical trials to validate its research findings. In
      addition, NHLBI sponsors demonstrations and educational activities to apply
      proved research findings in the health care community. NHLBI's approach to these
      responsibilities involves acquiring new and basic information, testing and
      evaluating the information, and applying it to improve prevention, detection, and
      treatment of disease. New equipment such as the heart-lung machine and the
      pacemaker, better diagnostic procedures, new operative and treatment devices, new
      drugs, and increased use of preventive medicine have dramatically reduced
      mortality from heart attack, hypertension and stroke.

PMID- 387283
TI  - Research related to underlying mechanisms in atherosclerosis.
AB  - A brief resume of advances in atherosclerosis research over the past 30 years is
      presented, emphasizing the multidisciplinary origins of those advances. A
      somewhat more detailed review of progress in the lipoprotein field is presented
      as an example to illustrate the pace of research related to atherosclerosis.
      Finally, an attempt is made to identify some of the research areas that promise
      to yield valuable new insights in the next 30 years.

PMID- 387284
TI  - Research contributions toward prevention of cardiovascular disease. Research
      related to the underlying mechanisms in hypertension.
AB  - The pathogenesis and basic mechanisms of hypertension are not understood.
      Hypertension is now considered to reflect abnormality in one or more of the
      biologic systems that regulate flow and resistance. Its complications result from
      high intra-arterial pressure, and drug treatment substantially lessens these
      complications. The death rate from hypertension has dropped strikingly. Although
      current knowledge is not sufficient to develop predictably successful prevention
      programs, there is growing interest in applying available information.
      Epidemiologic studies have identified obesity as a major risk factor for
      hypertension; they have also been interpreted as showing that high dietary sodium
      intake causes hypertension in industrialized societies. Evidence on the role of
      obesity seems firm and can provide the basis for prevention programs. The role of
      sodium intake requires further study.

PMID- 387285
TI  - Research related to noninvasive instrumentation.
AB  - In the past three decades, techniques that permit noninvasive quantitation of the
      function of the heart  have been developed. Exercise electrocardiography has been
      widely used to determine the presence or absence of ischemic heart disease.
      Echocardiography permits detection of valvular, congenital and arteriosclerotic
      disease and quantitation of its severity. Selective use of isotopes allows
      nuclear angiogarphy, myocardial perfusion studies and detection of damage to
      cellular myocardium. New techniques such as computerized axial tomography,
      magnetometry, focused pulsed Doppler, and wider application of computer-enhanced
      image processing are important future directions for noninvasive monitoring.

PMID- 387286
TI  - Research related to risk factors.

PMID- 387287
TI  - Mechanical function of the heart and its alteration during myocardial ischemia
      and infarction. Specific reference to coronary atherosclerosis.
AB  - Altered regional mechanical myocardial performance is an early, sensitive marker
      of myocardial ischemia, and can be estimated in man with reasonable accuracy.
      Identification, localization and quantification of abnormalities in mechanical
      performance can be used to predict the presence of coronary artery disease.
      Testing techniques that have little or no effect on diagnostic efficiency must be
      replaced with more sensitive indicators of ischemia. If experimental data are
      validated by findings in human subjects, accurate identification of regional wall
      motion changes during test conditions should prove to be a powerful marker of
      ischemia. To be of value, a diagnostic test must strongly increase the frequency
      of identification of subjects with a high probabilty for the presence of coronary
      artery disease in an otherwise low-prevalence population, and of those with known
      disease who are at the highest risk for complications including myocardial
      infarction or death.

PMID- 387288
TI  - Sudden cardiac death -- 1978.

PMID- 387289
TI  - Research related to validation of treatment modalities by large-scale clinical
      trials.
AB  - The history of randomized, controlled, clinical trials is reviewed. Cooperative
      clinical trials are reviewed and summarized, and specific needs for future trials
      are identified. Improved policy on resource allocation decisions for clinical
      trials vs other forms of research is necessary, particularly as such trials begin
      to translate improved therapeutic knowledge into community level disease control.

PMID- 387290
TI  - Research related to medical treatment of cardiovascular disease.
AB  - Medical treatment of heart disease has improved significantly in the past 30
      years. The spectacular change in the natural history of rheumatic heart disease
      is apparent from a 1948 article that reported that 42% of children with rheumatic
      heart disease died of rheumatic infection or bacterial endocarditis. Antibiotics
      and cardiac surgery have improved the outcome from rheumatic heart disease.
      Cardiopulmonary resuscitation has had a major impact on the treatment of
      myocardial infarction and on the management of sudden death. The fundamental
      principle underlying the discovery of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is reviewed,
      and recent developments emphasizing the importance of intrathoracic pressure in
      the hemodynamics of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are highlighted. The important
      new drugs of the last 30 years include the oral diuretics, the antihypertensives
      and the antiarrhythmic agents. The development of the beta-blocking agents is
      cited as an example of the translation of basic physiological research to medical
      care. Finally, the role of epidemiologic techniques in the design of clinical
      trials to evaluate medical therapy and hence improve medical management is
      discussed.

PMID- 387291
TI  - Research related to surgical treatment of coronary artery disease.
AB  - In the past 20 years, basic and clinical research have provided new information
      on coronary artery surgery. For example, several studies have shown that coronary
      artery bypass grafting is more effective than medical treatment in relieving the
      symptoms of chronic disabling angina pectoris. However, we still do not have
      definitive answers to many questions. What factors in the patient, in the
      operation and in the care after operation determine success in surgical
      treatment? Does the operation prolong useful life? Is the operation affordable?
      These questions are difficult. Further research is needed to solve complex
      problems relating to surgical vs medical treatment of coronary artery disease.

PMID- 387292
TI  - Research related to surgical treatment of aortic and peripheral vascular disease.
AB  - The history of vascular surgery and the developments that made it possible are
      briefly traced. Approaches to the treatment of arterial lesions are considered in
      terms of the characteristic anatomic, pathologic and clinical patterns of
      arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis, the basic underlying lesion in most
      aneurysmal and occlusive diseases of the aorta and major arteries. The importance
      of appreciating the various patterns and rates of progression of atherosclerosis
      is emphasized.

PMID- 387294
TI  - Valproic acid in plasma, as determined by liquid chromatography.

PMID- 387293
TI  - Competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay for Factor VIII antigen.
AB  - We describe a competitive enzyme-linked immunoassay for Factor VIII antigen.
      Binding of anti-factor VIII to solid-phase Factor VIII antigen is competitively
      inhibited by the free factor VIII antigen that is to be measured. The amount of
      anti-Factor VIII bound to solid-phase VIII is measured by applying in sequence a
      heterologous bridging antibody and a soluble antibody/enzyme immune complex. The
      soluble complex used was rabbit antiperoxidase/horseradish peroxidase. Peroxidase
      activity is inversely proportional to the Factor VIII antigen concentration in
      the original test plasma and is measured spectrophotometrically. The assay can be
      performed in as little as 4 h with only a microtiter plate, antisera, antigen,
      and a spectrophotometer. It is sensitive to 0.05 units of Factor VIII antigen per
      milliliter, and reproducibility, linearity, and normal range are similar to those
      reported for other techniques.

PMID- 387295
TI  - Assay of theophylline: comparison of EMIT on the ABA-100 to HPLC, GLC and UV
      procedures, with detailed evaluation of interferences.
AB  - The EMIT technique for theophylline measurement as adapted to the Abbott
      Bichromatic Analyzer (ABA-100), was compared to two other established procedures.
      EMIT results correlated well with those obtained with high pressure liquid
      chromatographic (HPLC) (r = 0.995, N = 54) and spectrophotometric (UV) (r = 0.95,
      N = 37) methods when the patient samples used were free of apparent interferences
      in the comparison methods. On samples exhibiting interferences with HPLC and/or
      UV methods, the EMIT assay gave the same results as a gas-liquid chromatographic
      procedure which showed no interferences. In addition, theophylline metabolites,
      xanthine analogs and many commonly administered drugs did not interfere with the
      EMIT theophylline assay. An interassay coefficient of variation of 3.5--6.5% was
      demonstrated. Our data indicate that the EMIT technique exhibits adequate
      precision and specificity for routine theophylline determinations. Unlike the
      HPLC or UV procedures, we have not encountered any interferences with the EMIT
      technique.

PMID- 387296
TI  - Estimation of IgM in cerebrospinal fluid by fluoroimmunoassay.

PMID- 387297
TI  - High molecular weight alkaline phosphatase: a clinical study.
AB  - High molecular weight alkaline phosphatase activities have been measured in the
      sera of 72 patients with a variety of forms of liver disease, 14 patients with
      bone disease and 8 healthy volunteers. These measurements have been compared with
      measurements of other indices of hepatic function in order to establish the place
      of this enzyme in the diagnosis of liver disease. High molecular weight alkaline
      phosphatase proved to be a sensitive and specific tests for detecting liver
      disease, particularly obstructive liver disease. It was better than all the other
      liver function tests in distinguishing liver metastases from other hepatobiliary
      diseases. It may therefore prove especially useful in the early detection of
      liver metastases.

PMID- 387298
TI  - Pathogenic mechanisms in bacterial diarrhoea.

PMID- 387299
TI  - The role of Escherichia coli in gastroenteritis.
AB  - During the last 10 years there has been a major break-through in understanding
      the pathogenic mechanisms of E. coli as a cause of acute diarrhoea. The current
      situation is briefly tabulated in Table 3. In the near future the field of
      interest is likely to centre on the investigation of adhesive factors and
      certainly on the possibility of using preparations of adhesive factors as
      vaccines. The successful use of such vaccines may have enormous benefit as
      intervention measures to break the acute diarrhoea--malnutrition syndrome which
      is so damaging to the life of infants and young children in developing countries.

PMID- 387300
TI  - Shigella infections.
AB  - Shigellosis is a complex disease involving two distinct organs and two
      distinctive clinical presentations of intestinal involvement. It is also
      associated with a wide variety of extra-intestinal manifestations. Because these
      may precede the onset of diarrhoea/dysentery, and confuse the diagnosis, it is
      safe to denote shigellosis as a protean clinical problem. The disease is readily
      spread by contact because so few organisms are required to establish infection.
      It may also be spread through contaminated food or water, related to either
      defective sewage or a human carrier, and explosive outbreaks may occur in closed
      populations. Homosexuals are also at risk of venereal transmiddion of infection.
      Shigellosis is treatable with effective oral antimicrobials, responding both
      clinically and microbiologically. When organism are sensitive, ampicillin is the
      current drug of choice, and when they are resistant to ampicillin, trimethoprim
      sulphamethoxazole appears to be the best choice. Dehydration is not usually
      severe, and responds to oral rehydration therapy, which is highly recommended
      along with early refeeding.

PMID- 387301
TI  - Food poisoning with special reference to Salmonella -- its epidemiology,
      pathogenesis and control.

PMID- 387302
TI  - Campylobacter enteritis.

PMID- 387303
TI  - Travellers' diarrhoea.

PMID- 387304
TI  - Antibiotic-associated colitis.

PMID- 387305
TI  - Antibiotic resistance in intestinal bacteria.

PMID- 387306
TI  - Antimicrobial agents in diarrhoeal disease.

PMID- 387308
TI  - Immunological in situ identification of the lymphoid cells in the skin infiltrate
      of lichen planus.

PMID- 387309
TI  - The chronic acquired bullous diseases of childhood.

PMID- 387307
TI  - In situ characterization of tissue lymphoid cells of cutaneous infiltrates using
      specific membrane antigens.

PMID- 387311
TI  - Antibodies to motor endplates demonstrated with the immunofluorescence technique.
AB  - Antibodies to acetylcholine receptors (AChR) are probably directly responsible
      for the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods for the demonstration of
      these antibodies are complicated. The present study shows that the antibodies can
      also be revealed by the use of the simple indirect immunofluorescence technique
      with rat diaphragm as substrate. Antibodies were demonstrated with FITC-labelled
      anti-human Ig. The location on the motor endplates was confirmed by using a TRITC
      labelled anti-alpha-bungarotoxin system. Antibodies to motor endplates were only
      demonstrated in MG and not in either twenty-two patients with neuromuscular
      disorders or fifty normal subjects. Antibodies to motor endplates were found in
      only twelve out of fifty-seven MG patients. In fifteen of the other forty-five
      patients, antibodies were found of the classical anti-skeletal muscle type,
      'overluminating' the anti-motor endplate antibodies.

PMID- 387312
TI  - Adjuvanticity of lactobacilli. I. Differential effects of viable and killed
      bacteria.
AB  - The adjuvanticity of Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum was the
      subject of this study. The latter was the better adjuvant in both delayed
      hypersensivity and antibody formation to sheep red blood cells. Viable L.
      plantarum stimulated exclusively the delayed hypersensivity, where heat-killed
      bacteria had an adjuvant effect on antibody formation. For optimal adjuvant
      effects lactobacilli had to be injected in a dose of 10(8) into the same site as
      the antigen. Viable lactobacilli and to a lesser degree heat-killed bacteria
      induce hepato-splenomegaly, suggesting mediation of the adjuvant activity by the
      reticuloendothelial system. Granuloma formation with mainly mononuclear cell
      infiltrates could be observed after subcutaneous administration of viable
      lactobacilli whereas heat-killed lactobacilli induced granulomata containing
      about equal numbers of granulocytes and mononuclear cells. The possible clinical
      application of L. plantarium in the immunotherapy of tumours is suggested.

PMID- 387310
TI  - Experimental immune glomerulonephritis induced in the rabbit with streptococcal
      vaccine.
AB  - Heavy C3 glomerular deposits were observed in rabbits injected intravenously with
      C5 streptococcal vaccine. Immunoglobulin deposits appeared later in a few
      rabbits. Although some data favour the presence of circulating immune complexes
      during the course of this glomerulonephritis, no evidence for their initiating
      role could be demonstrated. Streptococcal components are known to activate the
      alternative pathway of complement. It is suggested that complexes made of
      streptococcal components and activated C3 might deposit in glomerular tufts.

PMID- 387314
TI  - Circulating immune complex assays in patients with lupus and membranous
      glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 387313
TI  - The central noradrenergic control of blood pressure and heart rate.

PMID- 387315
TI  - Serum migration-inhibitory activity in patients with acute leukemia and early
      leukemic lymphosarcoma.

PMID- 387316
TI  - Acute eosinophilic interstitial nephritis with bone marrow granulomas. Report of
      a case.

PMID- 387317
TI  - The role of computed tomography of the abdomen in the diagnosis and staging of
      patients with lymphoma.

PMID- 387318
TI  - Staging in Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 387319
TI  - Issues of controversy in radiation therapy and combined modality approaches to
      Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 387320
TI  - Staging in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: approach, results and relationship to
      histopathology.

PMID- 387321
TI  - Radiation therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

PMID- 387322
TI  - Mycosis fungoides.

PMID- 387323
TI  - The effect of tamoxifen and stilboestrol on plasma hormone levels in
      postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer.

PMID- 387324
TI  - Silicone implant arthroplasty of the great toe. A review of single stem and
      flexible hinge implants.
AB  - One hundred sixty-five feet were reconstructed with the single stem silicone
      implant, including patients with hallux regidus, hallux valgus due to
      degenerative and osteoarthritic joint changes, hallux valgus secondary to
      rheumatoid arthritis and patients with previous unsuccessful "bunion" procedures.
      Preoperative pain and intolerance to shoe wear were relieved in the great
      majority of patients. The amount of correction of the hallux valgus angle was
      directly related to the preoperative deformity. Infection occurred in 2 patients,
      and inflammatory reaction to the implant occurred in one patient. One hundred
      five feet were reconstructed with a flexible hinge implant; 94 of the feet had
      joints destroyed by rheumatoid arthritis. Dramatic improvement in the hallux
      valgus angle resulted in these feet which had relatively severe preoperative
      deformities. No implant fractures were recorded. The present survey of our cases,
      and experiences reported by others, encourage the use of these implants by
      surgeons who follow the suggested indications, surgical technique, and follow up
      care.

PMID- 387325
TI  - The Classic. A peculiar and painful affection of the fourth metatarso-phalangeal
      articulation. Thomas G. Morton, M.D.

PMID- 387326
TI  - Antenatal monitoring of genetic disorders.

PMID- 387327
TI  - Clostridium ramosum and beta hemolytic streptococci isolated from a child
      presenting with acute otitis media.

PMID- 387328
TI  - Effects of carbamazepine on valproic acid kinetics in normal subjects.
AB  - Carbamazepine and valproic acid are used together in the treatment of epilepsy.
      It is therefore, relevant to investigate the possibility of a carbamazepine
      effect on valproic acid disposition, particularly since carbamazepine is known to
      induce enzymes. We gave valproic acid orally to 6 normal subjects, 250 mg twice
      daily for 4 wk. Carbamazepine, 200 mg once daily, was begun after 4 days on
      valproic acid. Serum drug concentrations were measured during 4 dosing intervals,
      once before and 3 times after beginning carbamazepine. Minimum steady-state
      concentrations of valproic acid declined after carbamazepine from 34.4 +/- 5.1 to
      27.1 +/- 4.4 mug/ml (p less than 0.0005). Clearance rose from 6.46 +/- 0.80 to
      8.48 +/- 2.28 ml/hr/kg (p less than 0.01). The increase in clearanace and
      decrease in minimum steady-state levels was apparent only after 2 wk on
      carbamazepine. The elimination rate constant (KE) during the dosing interval did
      not rise during carbamazepine administration (0.0623 +/- 0.0168 hr--1 before and
      0.0573 +/- 0.0168 hr--1 after, p greater than 0.25), raising the possibility of
      an increase in distribution volume.

PMID- 387330
TI  - Hemodynamic effects of oxprenolol and propranolol in hypertension.
AB  - Oxprenolol is a beta-adrenergic blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity.
      Such drugs are not currently available in the United States, although they have
      the advantage of less negative inotropic effect than the available propranolol.
      In 18 patients with mild essential hypertension, oxprenolol (9 patients) or
      propranolol (9 patients) was added to thiazide in random double-blind fashion and
      continued for 7 wk during which supine heart rate, blood pressure, and
      noninvasively measured cardiac output (by CO2 rebreathing) were determined
      weekly. With thiazide dosage constant throughout, maximal dose titration to 386.
      +/- 52.1 (SEM) mg/day of oxprenolol and 360.0 +/- 45.4 mg/day of propranolol was
      achieved over the first 5 wk. Blood pressure fell with both (141.8 +/- 4.8/96.0
      +/- 2.3 to 128.0 +/- 5.1/87.2 +/- 1 mm Hg on oxprenolol, p less than 0.01; 150.8
      +/- 5.5/98.0 +/- 1.7 to 129.9 +/- 5.5/86.8 +/- 3.4 mm Hg on propranolol, p less
      than 0.01). Cardiac output fell from 6.85 +/- 0.63 to 5.77 +/- 0.45 1/min (p less
      than 0.01) on oxprenolol, and from 6.79 +/- 0.61 to 5.37 +/- 0.37 1/min (p less
      than 0.02) on propranolol. Oxpranolol. Oxprenolol reduced heart rate from 76.4 +/
      2.0 to 65.6 +/- 2.1 beats/min (p less than 0.001) and it fell from 82.0 +/- 3.8
      to 65.3 +/- 3.7 beats/min (p less than 0.001) with propranolol; the fall in heart
      rate was less but not significantly so for oxprenolol (-14.2 +/- 1.8% and -19.8
      +/- 2.8%, p less than 0.1). Thus oxprenolol is equivalent to propranolol in
      antihypertensive action; minor hemodynamic differences between the two drugs
      might reflect intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of oxprenolol. Oxprenolol should
      be considered as an alternative to propranolol.

PMID- 387329
TI  - Effect of imipramine on norepinephrine and blood pressure in enuretic boys.
AB  - The effect of imipramine, desmethylimipramine, and methscopolamine on blood
      pressure (BP) and plasma norepinephrine (NE) was measured in enuretic boys in a
      double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Measurements were obtained on the
      thirteenth day of medication (75 mg at bedtime). The tricyclic drugs induced a
      rise in diastolic BP as well as an increase in plasma NE but there was no
      significant relationshhip between the increments in plasma NE and BP. The plasma
      concentration of drug correlated with the drug-induced BP rise. This is the fifth
      study to demonstrate a hypertensive effect of tricyclic drugs in children in
      contrast to the systolic hypotension usually seen in adult patients. It is not
      clear from our data whether children have different cardiovascular compensatory
      reflexes or whether they experience a greater stimulant effect from the drug.

PMID- 387331
TI  - Preventive dentistry teaching methods and improved oral hygiene--a summary of
      research.

PMID- 387332
TI  - Adult respiratory distress syndrome.

PMID- 387334
TI  - Discriminant function analysis applied to laboratory tests in patients with
      hepatobiliary disease.

PMID- 387333
TI  - On-line measurement of patient-ventilator fighting.

PMID- 387335
TI  - [Seeing the insane: MacKenzie, Kleist, William James].
AB  - Using texts by the late 18th century Scottish writer Henry MacKenzie, the German
      Romantic writer Heinrich von Kleist, and the American psychologist William James,
      the use of visual models for the perception of the insane is illustrated. In the
      latter two cases, the seeming hallucinatory nature of the texts is shown to have
      had its roots in visual models.

PMID- 387336
TI  - [Literature and schizophrenia. Research trends and research tasks].
AB  - Research on schizophrenia and on the psychopathology of creativity is
      increasingly absorbing and transforming insights from literature (Buchner, Celan,
      Kafka, Proust) and literary aesthetics. This development is discussed against the
      background of the history of psychiatric research. Regarding contemporary
      research trends, special emphasis is placed on communication theory as presented
      by the Palo Alto group (double bind theory), anti-psychiatry (Cooper, Laing),
      French structuralism (Foucault, Lacan), and on schizoanalysis (Deleuze and
      Guattari). Traditional concepts of mental health and illness are called into
      question.

PMID- 387337
TI  - Analysis of in vitro replication of different DNAs.
AB  - The conversion of single-stranded circular DNA to duplex DNA in vitro occurs by
      at least three different mechanisms. These differences reside in the manner of
      priming of these DNAs. In contrast, the elongation of primed DNA templates is a
      general reaction. A number of these proteins have been isolated and further
      characterized. In addition, cell-free preparations capable of supporting phi X
      RFI DNA replication as well as the synthesis of progeny viral phi X174 single
      stranded circular DNA have been prepared.

PMID- 387338
TI  - The cosmological and performative significance of a Thai cult of healing through
      meditation.
AB  - A cult of healing through meditation that was observed in Bangkok, Thailand in
      1974 is described, and the cult is interpreted in terms of two axes, the
      cosmological and the performative, and the dialectical, reciprocal and
      complementary relations between them. The various ramifications of the cosmology
      are discussed--the categorization of the cosmos itself as a hierarchical scheme,
      the relations between man and non-human forms of existence, the ideas concerning
      power and its manner of acquisition and use, the relation between power and
      restraint, etc. The epistemological basis of the cult, which attempts cure
      through meditation, and the features of the ritual as they contribute to its
      performative efficacy are highlighted. The essay concludes by suggesting that
      there is a single scheme (episteme) underlying religious ideas and applications
      of knowledge such as meditation, medicine, alchemy, and astrology.

PMID- 387339
TI  - Manifestations of drug toxicity.

PMID- 387341
TI  - Cardiac homotransplantation.

PMID- 387340
TI  - Secondary bacterial peritonitis: the biologic basis of treatment.

PMID- 387344
TI  - Defective interfering particles of rhabdoviruses.

PMID- 387342
TI  - Betahistine hydrochloride intervention in experimental myocardial ischemia.

PMID- 387343
TI  - Genetic potential of bunyaviruses.

PMID- 387345
TI  - Defective interfering particles of togaviruses.

PMID- 387347
TI  - Search for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in the environment in Taipei, Taiwan.

PMID- 387346
TI  - Pulmonary physiologic studies of the perioperative period.

PMID- 387348
TI  - Transfer of F'lac+ plasmid from Salmonella typhimurium to Shigella flexneri.

PMID- 387349
TI  - [Treatment of bone defects following osteomyelitis in children].

PMID- 387350
TI  - [Prevention of the "fifth day peritoneal syndrom" (author's transl)].

PMID- 387351
TI  - Maternal immunological recognition mechanisms during pregnancy.
AB  - One of the most intriguing shortcomings of modern immunology, especially
      transplantation immunology, is its failure to provide a satisfactory final
      explanation for the consistent non-rejection of immunogenetically alien
      conceptuses in utero, even in specifically preimmunized females. Certainly, there
      is no shortage of hypotheses. Over the past few years various observations have
      utterly refuted the simplistic notion that the much-mated but nulliparous or
      gravid females are immunologically unaware of the presence and activities of
      allogeneic cells transiently or chronically within their reproductive tracts.
      This evidence has engendered the belief that some kind(s) of active response(s)
      on the part of the female, following early recognitive events, plays an
      important, if not essential, role, in conjunction with adaptive hypoantigenicity
      of the trophoblast, not only in conferring selective benefits upon the conceptus
      from the time of implantation, but also in affording it protection from the
      possible hazards of a cellular immunity. Evidence is emerging that during mating,
      implantation, placentation, and gestation (1) various fetal and
      histocompabibility antigens are presented to the mother in a unique manner; (2)
      she does respond to these; and (3) her responses aid in the establishment and
      maintenance of a harmonious state of immunological coexistence with her fetus.
      There are reasonable grounds for believing that a complete understanding of the
      immunobiology of the maternal-fetal relationship may facilitate significant
      advances in both transplantation and tumour immunology.

PMID- 387352
TI  - The hormonal control of implantation.
AB  - The hormonal control of implantation in mammalian species with and without
      embryonic diapause is described. In a majority of species displaying the obligate
      form of diapause the corpora lutea appear to exhibit a low level of steroidogenic
      activity throughout diapause, full luteal activity being resumed just before the
      initiation of implantation. Fluctuations in the plasma levels of oestrogen and
      progesterone during diapause may serve to prime the uterus for implantation. In
      species exhibiting the facultative form of diapause, such as the rat and mouse,
      both progesterone and nidatory oestrogen are required for the induction of
      implantation. In species not displaying embryonic diapause implantation will take
      place in the presence of progesterone alone. In the light of these considerations
      the selection of animal models for drug-screening purposes and possible new
      approaches to contraception are discussed.

PMID- 387353
TI  - Hormonal control of implantation in the rat: inhibition by luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone and its analogues.
AB  - Chronic treatment of pregnant rats with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH
      RH) and its analogues (Analogue I: des-Gly10-LH-RH-ethylamide; Analogue II: des
      Gly10-[D-Ala6]-LH-RH-ethylamide) inhibited implantation of the ovum. Analogues I
      and II were 4.5 and 173 times potent than native LH-RH in inhibiting implantation
      respectively. On Day 8 of the treatment with Analogue II, the pituitary glands of
      the pregnant rats contained approximately 10% of the amount of LH and FSH found
      in intact pregnant rats. By contrast, serum levels of LH were significantly
      higher and those of FSH significantly lower in Analogue II-treated rats than in
      control rats. The ovaries of Analogue II-treated rats were lighter than those of
      control rats because of smaller corporalutea and less developed follicles.
      Peripheral serum concentrations of progesterone in rats treated with LH-RH and
      its analogues were significantly lower than those in control rats. The peripheral
      serum concentration of progesterone declined earlier in rats treated with LH-RH
      and Analogue I than it did in rats treated with Analogue II. The inhibitory
      affect of Analogue II was overcome by concurrent treatment with the following
      combinations of hormones: progesterone + oestradiol; progesterone + human
      chorionic gonadotropin (hCG); prolactin + oestradiol; and prolactin + hCG.
      Treatment with progesterone or prolactin alone did not overcome the effect of
      Analogue II. These results indicate that Analogue II stimulates the production
      and release of LH and release of FSH to cause high ratios of LH/prolactin and
      LH/FSH. The induced imbalance of gonadotropins suppresses the development of
      ovarian follicles and corpora lutea and reduces secretion of both oestrogen and
      progesterone. The resulting low levels of ovarian steroids cause a delay in
      implantation.

PMID- 387354
TI  - Ecto 5'-nucleotidase deficiency in primary hypogammaglobulinaemia.
AB  - The activity of the lymphocyte ectoenzyme 5'-nucleotidase is very low in the
      majority of patients with primary 'common variable' hypogammaglobulinaemia. In
      order to test whether this can be explained by lymphocyte subpopulation
      deficiencies we measured 5'-nucleotidase activity, using both biochemical and
      histochemical techniques, in purified T and B cells from patients and healthy
      subjects. Purified B cells from normal subjects have about four times the
      activity of T cells. This explains why the levels of lymphocyte 5'-nucleotidase
      activity are at the lower limit of the normal range in patients with X-linked
      hypogammaglobulinaemia who lack B cells. The low levels in the 'common variable'
      group can be explained by low activity in their T lymphocytes associated with
      either low activity in their B cells or depletion of B cells. The finding that
      inhibition of the enzyme does not interfere with in vitro lymphocyte
      transformation or immunoglobulin production in normal subjects indicates that the
      enzyme deficiency is not directly responsible for the hypogammaglobulinaemia.
      These and other studies suggest that this enzyme appears on lymphocytes at a
      certain stage of development and that both T and B lymphocytes in some patients
      with 'common variable' hypogammaglobulinaemia are developmentally immature.

PMID- 387355
TI  - Allosteric regulation of calf thymus ribonucleotide reductase.
AB  - Ribonucleotide reductase was purified 3400-fold from calf thymus. The enzyme
      preparation was essentially free of kinases and phosphatases and therefore
      allowed a conclusive study of the allosteric regulation of a eukaryotic
      ribonucleotide reductase to be made for the first time. Comparable maximal
      activities were obtained for the reduction of all four ribonucleotide substrates
      in the presence of their optimal stimulatory effectors. These and other results
      strongly argue for the existence of only one ribonucleotide reductase in
      mammalian cells. No reduction was observed in the absence of effector. The
      reduction of CDP and UDP both required ATP, with no stimulatory effect of any
      other nucleoside triphosphate. The only activator of GDP reduction was dTTP and
      the only activator of ADP reduction was dGTP. Reduction of the purine
      ribonucleotides was further stimulated by ATP but only in combination with dTTP
      or dGTP. The reduction of all four ribonucleotides was strongly inhibited by
      dATP, the inhibition being partly released by ATP. The data can be integrated
      into a scheme which links ribonucleotide reduction to DNA synthesis.

PMID- 387356
TI  - Adenosine deaminiase: characteristics of the normal and mutant forms of the human
      enzyme.

PMID- 387357
TI  - Purine metabolism in adenosine deaminase deficiency.
AB  - Deoxyadenosine was identified in the urine of a second child with almost
      undetectable levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in erythrocyte lysates.
      Deoxyadenosine excretion thus appears to be characteristic of ADA deficiency: the
      acid lability of deoxyadenosine (responsible for the frequent confusion of this
      abnormal urinary metabolite with adenine) may be used in screening for this
      defect by isotachophoresis. The deoxynucleotides dATP, dADP and dAMP found
      initially in the child's erythrocytes (in comparable amounts to ATP, ADP and AMP)
      disappeared after a successful marrow graft from an unrelated donor, as did the
      urinary deoxy metabolites. Erythrocyte ADA activity decreased after the marrow
      graft but was still greater than 10% of normal congruent to 10 weeks after the
      last red cell transfusion.

PMID- 387358
TI  - Clinical delineation of adenosine deaminase deficiency.

PMID- 387359
TI  - The sodium-potassium pump in volume expanded hypertension.
AB  - Decreased arterial Na+-K+ pump and cardiac Na+, K-+ATPase activities have now
      been demonstrated in several types of experimental volume expanded hypertension.
      The changes are not secondary to elevated pressure since they also occur in veins
      and right ventricle where the pressure is not elevated. Decreased arterial Na+-K+
      pump activity can be reproduced by acute volume expansion of the normal rat and
      plasma extracts from this rat suppress pump activity when applied to arteries
      from another rat. Suppression of Na+-K+ pump activity in arteries, veins and
      heart, with ouabain for example, leads to increased contractile activity. Thus
      the volume expansion, reduced pump activity, and hypertension appear to be
      causally related through an ouabain-like humoral agent. Certain other evidence
      suggests that the pump defect extends to the sympathetic nerve endings, thereby
      reducing the efficiency of neural compensatory mechanisms.

PMID- 387360
TI  - Retracing Rontgen's discovery.

PMID- 387361
TI  - [Salmonelloses in Africa. Bacteriological and epidemiological findings].

PMID- 387362
TI  - [Meningitis caused by salmonellas].

PMID- 387363
TI  - [In memoriam Ludwig Weisbecker 19.3.1915--13.6.1979].

PMID- 387364
TI  - [Neutrophilic granulocyte. Cellular compartmentation as function principle].

PMID- 387365
TI  - [Granulocytic phagocytosis disorders. Basis and diagnosis].

PMID- 387366
TI  - [Endocrine pancreatic neoplasms. Morphology and syndromes].

PMID- 387367
TI  - [Thoracic computer tomography].

PMID- 387368
TI  - [Max Schneider. 21.10.1904-13.8.1979].

PMID- 387369
TI  - [Hepatotoxicity].

PMID- 387370
TI  - [Ladislas Goldschmid].

PMID- 387371
TI  - Amoxycillin injectable: a review of its antibacterial spectrum, pharmacokinetics
      and therapeutic use.
AB  - Amoxycillin, an acid stable semisynthetic penicillin shown to be effective
      against a wide range of infections when given orally, is now available for
      intramuscular and intravenous injection. Amoxycillin has an antibacterial
      spectrum and level of activity essentially the same as for ampicillin.
      Amoxycillin has been shown to have more rapid and complete bactericidal action
      than ampicillin against E. coli in vitro and in animal models of infection, but
      the clinical importance of this difference has not yet been determined.
      Amoxycillin is present in therapeutic amounts in the cerebrospinal fluid of
      meningitis patients given the drug intravenously and parenteral amoxycillin has
      been successfully used in the treatment of meningitis, and in urinary tract
      infections, septicaemia, upper and lower respiratory tract infections and a
      variety of other infections caused by Gram-negative and Gram-positive aerobic
      bacteria. However, the extent of experience is limited compared with ampicillin,
      and thus further studies are needed to more clearly delineate its relative
      therapeutic role. Parenteral amoxycillin is generally well tolerated. Pain at the
      site of intramuscular injection occurs in about one-third of patients, but can be
      minimised by the use of lignocaine or procaine hydrochloride.

PMID- 387372
TI  - Naproxen up to date: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic
      efficacy and use in rheumatic diseases and pain states.
AB  - Naproxen is a propionic acid derivative with analgesic and anti-inflammatory
      activity which has been widely used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases.
      Naproxen has been well studied in rheumatoid arthritis and is as effective as
      aspirin but better tolerated, thus enabling more patients to continue with
      treatment. For this reason some clinicians now prefer to try propionic acid
      derivatives, such as naproxen, before aspirin in arthritic patients. In
      comparative studies with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as
      indomethacin, ibuprofen, fenoprofen and others, all drugs were usually of similar
      overall efficacy although naproxen was sometimes preferred: but as with other non
      steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, not all patients will respond to naproxen and
      in such cases other agents should also be tried until the most satisfactory drug
      is found for each patient. Naproxen is also effective in degenerative joint
      diseases of the hip and knee, although further well designed studies are needed
      to more clearly define its relative place compared with newer drugs such as
      diclofenac or diflunisal. Results of other comparative studies have shown that
      naproxen is a suitable alternative to phenylbutazone or indomethacin in
      ankylosing spondylitis and to aspirin in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Naproxen
      appears to be effective in reducing pain and swelling in acute gout and is an
      effective analgesic in patients with pain following surgery or trauma and in pain
      of dysmenorrhoea. Naproxen has generally been better tolerated than aspirin or
      indomethacin at the dosages used. Because of its relatively long plasma half
      life, naproxen can with convenieice be given twice daily, and there is some
      evidence that once daily dosage is as effective in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 387373
TI  - Drugs and vitamin deficiency.
AB  - During the past 10 to 20 years it has become increasingly clear that a certain
      number of drugs may lead to increased vitamin requirements. However, it is
      unusual for symptomatic avitaminosis to develop, and then only when circumstances
      are present which in themselves increase the risk of vitamin deficiency.
      Therapeutic doses of drugs will interfere with the vitamin status only to a
      restricted degree, provided they are administered for brief periods and to
      patients receiving a normal supply of vitamins. Most cases of vitamin deficiency
      have in fact been described in connection with drugs usually taken for a longer
      period of time by patients who were already in negative vitamin balance as a
      result of disease or marginal supply of the necessary vitamins. This review
      describes some of the more important articles covering this topic.

PMID- 387374
TI  - Drug interactions with alcohol.
AB  - Ethanol and drugs can affect each other's absorption, distribution, metabolism,
      and excretion. When ingested together, ethanol can increase drug absorption by
      enhancing the gastric solubility of drugs and by increasing gastrointestinal
      blood flow. However, high concentrations of ethanol induce gastric irritation
      causing a pyloric spasm which in turn may delay drug absorption and/or reduce
      bioavailability. The 'quality' of the alcoholic beverage, independent of its
      ethanol content, can contribute to altered absorption of a drug. Ethanol is not
      bound to plasma proteins extensively enough to modify drug distribution. However,
      serum albumin levels in chronic alcoholics may be abnormally low so that some
      drugs, e.g. diazepam, have an increased volume of distribution. In addition to
      the amount ingested, the duration of regular intake determines the effect of
      ethanol on drug metabolism. Acute intake of ethanol inhibits the metabolism of
      many drugs but long term intake of ethanol at a high level (greater than 200g of
      pure ethanol per day) can induce liver enzymes to metabolise drugs more
      efficiently. At the present time there are no accurate means, with the possible
      exception of liver biopsy, to clinically predict the capacity of an alcoholic to
      metabolise drugs. Several drugs can inhibit the metabolism of ethanol at the
      level of alcohol dehydrogenase. Individual predisposition determines the severity
      of this drug-ethanol interaction. During its absorption phase, ethanol inhibits
      the secretion of antidiuretic hormone and is also able to induce increased
      excretion of a drug through the kidneys. However, chronic alcoholics with water
      retention may show reduced excretion of drugs via this route. At the
      pharmacodynamic level, ethanol can enhance the deleterious effects of sedatives,
      certain anxiolytics, sedative antidepressants and antipsychotics and
      anticholinergic agents, on performance. Mechanisms of lethal interactions between
      moderate overdoses of ethanol and anxiolytics/opiates/sedatives are poorly
      understood. On the other hand, certain peptides, 'nonspecific' stimulants,
      dopaminergic agents and opiate antagonists can antagonise alcohol-induced
      inebriation to a significant degree.

PMID- 387377
TI  - The historical development of hypophysectomy.

PMID- 387376
TI  - Neurofilament protein in clonal lines of mouse neuroblastoma.
AB  - As indicated by immunofluorescence with neurofilament antiserum and by electron
      microscopy two neuroblastoma clones in suspension culture contained a pool of
      neurofilament subunits which could be induced to assemble into filaments
      following exposure to vinblastine and colchicine. Under the same culture
      conditions neuroblastoma cells treated with aluminum extended thick processes
      with many filaments. The processes were much smaller in nontreated cells but
      still contained bundles of filaments. These filaments persisted after inhibition
      of protein synthesis by cycloheximide. In the long neurites formed by cells
      attached to plastic immunofluorescence with neurofilament antiserum was
      particularly intense at the growth cone.

PMID- 387375
TI  - Mild hypertension: to treat or not to treat?
AB  - In the second half of this century, morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular
      disease has reached epidemic proportions. The major risk factor associated with
      cardiovascular disease has been found, from various epidemiological studies, to
      be elevated blood pressure. Therefore, a lot of energy has been expended in
      prospective therapeutic trials in attempting to detect whether treatment of high
      blood pressure is beneficial. In severe hypertension, where the risk to the
      individual is considerable, this benefit has been demonstrated with relative
      ease. However, it has not yet proven possible to show conclusive benefit of
      treatment in the mild group of hypertensives, which form the vast majority of
      patients seen in general practice. A different approach has been advocated where
      account is taken of other coincidental cardiovascular risk factors; their
      presence or absence should help the clinician decide whether to treat or not to
      treat in the individual case.

PMID- 387378
TI  - The hiccup.

PMID- 387379
TI  - [Effect of leucogen on the proliferation of antibody-synthesizing cells].
AB  - The authors examined the effect of leucogen on cells synthesizing antibodis in
      spleens of white mice during immune response to sheep erythrocytes. They
      established a strong stimulating action on the proliferation of immune competent
      lymphocytes-cells, producing hemolysin. Therefore the stimulating effect of
      leucogen was not limited only to its action on peripheral leucocytes, but also on
      the number of cells, forming antibodies.

PMID- 387380
TI  - [In memoriam V. Bargman (1906--1978)].

PMID- 387382
TI  - A role for the ovaries in maturational processes of hypothalamic neurons
      containing luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.

PMID- 387381
TI  - Normal values obtained by automated system in analysis of electromyogram.

PMID- 387383
TI  - An explanation for anovulation in immature alloxan-diabetic rats treated with
      pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin: reduced pituitary response to gonadotropin
      releasing hormone.

PMID- 387384
TI  - Effect of caerulein on exocrine and endocrine pancreas in the rat.
AB  - The secretion of insulin, glucagon, pancreatic juice, and amylase in response to
      a 20-min iv infusion of synthetic caerulein were studied simultaneously in the
      anesthetized rat. Caerulein, a chemical analogue of cholecystokinin, was used in
      doses of 1-1000 ng/kg.min. The maximum stimulatory effect of caerulein on
      pancreatic juice volume and amylase output was obtained with doses of 10
      ng/kg.min. With increasing doses, the effect decreased progressively. On the
      other hand, the release of insulin and glucagon was stimulated only by
      supramaximal doses of caerulein, which had little or no effect on pancreatic
      exocrine secretions. These results raised the question of whether, under
      physiological conditions, cholecystokinin regulates the secretory activity of the
      endocrine pancreas.

PMID- 387385
TI  - Isolation and characterization of somatostatin from anglerfish pancreatic islet.
AB  - Somatostatin was purified from anglerfish pancreatic islets using acetic acid
      extraction, gel filtration (Bio-Gel P-10), ion exchange chromatography (CM Bio
      Gel A), and reversed phase high pressure liquid chromatography. The resulting
      peptide was characterized by RIA, bioassay, and determination of amino acid
      composition. Anglerfish islet somatostatin was found to possess an amino acid
      composition and immunological and biological activities equivalent to synthetic
      somatostatin. Sequence analyses revealed that the primary structure was H-Ala-Gly
      cyclo-[Cys-Lys-Asn-Phe-Phe-Trp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Cys]-OH. These results
      demonstrate that anglerfish islet somatostatin has the same primary structure as
      somatostatin from all other sources characterized to date.

PMID- 387386
TI  - Studies on the site of interaction for ninhydrin, alloxan, and D-glucose in
      insulin secretion by isolated islets in vitro.

PMID- 387387
TI  - Simple method for the collection of pancreatic islets by the use of Ficoll-Conray
      gradient.
AB  - Simple method for the collection of large numbers of viable pancreatic islets
      from normal rats is described. This method involves collagenase digestion of the
      pancreas, followed by the use of Ficoll-Conray discontinuous gradient for the
      separation of isolated islets from unwanted acinal debris. Ficoll-Conray A
      solution was prepared by mixing undialyzed 12.5% Ficoll and 33.4% Conray in the
      ratio 2 : 1, to make a specific gravity of 1.095 and osmolarity of 396 mOsm/l.
      The solution B, C, and D, with specific gravities 1.084, 1.072, and 1.048,
      respectively were obtained by diluting A solution with distilled water. Using
      Ficoll-Conray gradient, about 200 viable islets which maintained excellently
      their morphology and function, were collected consistently from a young adult rat
      pancreas.

PMID- 387388
TI  - The gonadotropin releasing hormone stimulation and the clomiphene tests in female
      patients with anorexia nervosa.
AB  - In 9 female patients suffering from acute anorexia nervosa (a.n.) and in two
      patients in whom this disease had reached the remission phase, the response of
      the gonadotropin-producing cells in the adenohypophysis was checked by
      administration of Gn-RH and the degree to which the hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis
      could be stimulated was checked by administration of clomiphene (5 x 100 mg).
      Hormonal screening examinations (cervical score after Insler and hormonal vaginal
      cytology) were used to assay the basal estrogen production. LH and FSH
      concentrations in the serum were determined radioimmunologically using the
      principles of the double antibody technique. The gonadotropin-producing cells did
      not respond to Gn-RH administration in 8 of the 9 patients with acute a.n. The
      response was disturbed in one of these patients. The response to Gn-RH
      stimulation was normal in the two patients in the remission phase. Clomiphene had
      no stimulatory effect on the hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis during either the
      acute or remission phase. Hormonal treatment during the acute phase of a.n. is
      not indicated since, after recovery of a normal body weight, the symptoms recede
      and the cycle normalises spontaneously.

PMID- 387389
TI  - [Partial effects of estrogens and 19-nortestoron derivatives].
AB  - In the present review the extragenital effects of steroidal estrogens and 19
      norandrogen derivatives on mammalian organs and tissues are described. In detail
      experimental and clinical findings concerning the influence of these compounds on
      carbohydrate-, lipid- and protein metabolism, on the cardio-vascular system, the
      blood coagulation, the bone-tissue, the connective-tissue, the central nervous
      system and the immune system are summarised. These effects are mainly discussed
      as possible side effects and also as base for new therapeutic concepts.

PMID- 387390
TI  - [Evaluation of gonadotropin secretion in anorexia nervosa by means of LH-FSH
      releasing hormone test].

PMID- 387391
TI  - Linear relationship between plasma concentration and dosage of sodium valproate.
AB  - Plasma valproate concentration was studied in 7 hospitalized nonepileptic
      patients who received sodium valproate at daily doses of up to 60 mg/kg. A linear
      relationship between dose and plasma concentration of valproate (r = 0.81--0.99)
      was found in each patient, although the slopes of the regression lines
      (reflecting clearance rates) varied twofold. This suggests that if the valproate
      plasma concentrations at two different doses are known and the clearance of
      valproate is not altered by concomitant administration of other drugs, it should
      be possible to predict the plasma valproate concentration that will result from
      further dose increments.

PMID- 387392
TI  - Meiotic nondisjunction in the mouse: methodology for genetic testing and
      comparison with other methods.
AB  - Since trisomies produce adverse effects relatively late in development or even
      postnatally, they are an important component of the array of genetic damages that
      might be caused by environmental agents. Whole-chromosome aneuploidy (as opposed
      to breakage-derived aneuploidy) might come about secondarily from crossover
      depression, or could follow damage to the meiotic spindle or to kinetochores. For
      simplicity, the event-by whichever of the mechanisms-is referred to as meiotic
      nondisjunction (ND). A genetic method has been devised which is based on the
      facts that ND involving the sex chromosomes produces mostly viable mice, and that
      such exceptional animals can be externally recognized by the use of appropriate
      markers. The method is compared with the following other ND indicators: univalent
      and/or chiasma frequencies at M I; number of dyads at M II; extra sex chromosomes
      in spermatids; karyotypes in cleavage, morula, or blastocyst metaphases; and
      chromosome constitution of mid-gestation embryos. Some of the cytological
      endpoints are found to be unreliable. Various biological variables (germ-cell
      stage, sex, age) are examined with a view toward maximizing the chances for
      detecting induced nondisjunction. While experimental evidence on this question is
      equivocal, a consideration of the probable ND mechanisms suggests that the early
      spermatocyte (in stages including the premeiotic S phase) may be a favorable test
      object. The numerical sex-chromosome anomaly (NSA) method is useful not only in
      the study of ND but also in detecting breakage-derived chromosome losses induced
      in females, where the dominant lethal test is not easily applicable.

PMID- 387393
TI  - Testing for nondisjunction in the mouse.
AB  - Tests for nondisjunction have been carried out in male and female mice. Ten-day
      fetal progeny of control and treated adults have been karyotyped to establish
      spontaneous and induced levels of aneuploidy. In males, the effects of 100 rad x
      rays on type A spermatogonia and early primary spermatocytes, and the effects of
      Mitomycin C (2 mg/kg) on early primary spermatocytes, have been tested. The
      results show insensitivity of primary spermatocytes to both agents, but a 3.5
      fold increase in nondisjunction following spermatogonial irradiation. In females,
      comparisons have been made between young controls, young x-rayed (5 rad), aged
      controls and aged x-rayed (5 rad) animals. The "ageing effect" on nondisjunction
      is observed, but too few fetuses have been analyzed to reach conclusions
      regarding enhancement of nondisjunction levels by low doses of x-rays.

PMID- 387394
TI  - Analysis of anaphase in cell culture: an adequate test system for the distinction
      between compounds which selectively alter the chromosome structure or the mitotic
      apparatus.
AB  - A system of anaphase analysis is presented as an adequate test to detect
      aberrations in chromosome structure and alterations in the mitotic apparatus.
      Particular emphasis is placed on those data which suggest that proteins may be
      the preferred targets of chemical compounds that induce aneuploidy.

PMID- 387395
TI  - Analysis of aneuploidy in first-cleavage mouse embryos fertilized in vitro and in
      vivo.
AB  - First-cleavage mouse embryos, fertilized in vitro and in vivo, provide ideal
      material for chromosomal analysis. With the appropriate incubation in a mitotic
      inhibitor, syngamy is prevented and the sperm- and egg-derived chromosomes remain
      as separate clusters. Because the latter chromosomes undergo condensation sooner
      than those from the spermatozoon, the parental source of chromosome sets can be
      identified even without a marker chromosome. Thus these embryos can be analyzed
      both for the primary incidence and the parental source of a number of chromosomal
      anomalies, including aneuploidy. By using fertilization in vitro to obtain the
      embryos, the synchrony of fertilization and nuclear development is such that 80%
      or more of the chromosomal preparations are suitable for analysis, compared with
      about 50% for embryos fertilized in vivo.

PMID- 387396
TI  - Microtus oeconomus (Rodentia), a useful mammal for studying the induction of sex
      chromosome nondisjunction and diploid gametes in male germ cells.
AB  - Preliminary data indicate that chemicals can also increase the frequency of sex
      chromosome nondisjunction. Positive results--which certainly need further
      confirmation--have been obtained for MMS, p-fluorophenylalanine, vincristine,
      procarbazine, carbendazim, and bleomycin. Nocodazole, benomyl, colcemic, 6
      mercaptopurine, and halothane were all negative at the concentrations tested. For
      the induction of diploid spermatids positive results were only obtained for MMS
      and parafluorophenylalanine. In view of the results obtained, the Microtus system
      is considered a very useful tool for analyzing factors contributing to the high
      frequency of aneuploidy and triploidy among abortuses and of aneuploidy in
      liveborn infants of men. A method is described for the detection of sex
      chromosome nondisjunction and diploid spermatids in male germ cells of the field
      vole Microtus oeconomus. The method is based on the unique distribution pattern
      of heterochromatin in Microtus cells, which makes it possible to identify X and Y
      chromosomes in early spermatids with a simple C-banding procedure. Slide
      preparation is easy. Scoring of early spermatids for extra sex-chromosomes is
      simple and 2000-4000 cells per hour can be examined. With the Microtus system it
      has now been demonstrated that radiation of spermatocyte stages with doses of 50,
      100 and 200 R results in a higher frequency of sex chromosome nondisjunction and
      of diploid gametes. Both types of aberrant gametes can be produced during the
      first and second meiotic division.

PMID- 387398
TI  - Indexed collection of the literature on aneuploidy.

PMID- 387397
TI  - Detection of nondisjunction in mammals.
AB  - Methods have been developed in the past to assess spontaneous and induced
      chromosomal aneuploidy in germ cells and in early pre- and postimplantation
      mammalian embryos. Some of these methods yield still more information when
      combined with chromosome banding techniques. Various chemicals and x-rays have
      been tested in mammalian oogenesis and x-rays in spermatogenesis. The inference
      may be drawn from these studies that spontaneous nondisjunction is considered to
      occur only rarely in mouse and hamster oogenesis and spermatogenesis. X-rays
      induce nondisjunction during male and femlae meiosis, thus giving rise to
      significantly more aneuploid oocytes and F1 embryos. The alkylating agents
      trenimone and cyclophosphamide induce chromosomal missegregation in oocytes; the
      incidence depends on the dose injected. Hormones used as oral contraceptives did
      cause aneuploidy in oocytes, but only after daily treatment with high doses.
      Hormones used for stimulated ovulation did not interfere with chromosome
      segregation in the mouse and Chinese and Syrian hamsters. The following problems
      may be considered in futre studies: the problem of a species-specificity for
      induced nondisjunction; the question of a stage sensitivity (transplacental
      treatment); what happens after chronic exposure, also at low doses; the presence
      of a threshold; the existence of a dose-effect relation; the nature of cellular
      target(s) responsible for induced nondisjunction (spindle, regulatory proteins
      for polymerization of microtubules and ther depolymerization, centrioles,
      centromeres, RNA, or gene expression); whether DNA is involved and whether repair
      capacity plays a role.

PMID- 387399
TI  - Detection of aneuploidy in human sperm.
AB  - Adequate methods for monitoring any type of gametic mutation directly in man are
      virtually nonexistent. A method is presented by which one can monitor Y
      chromosomal nondisjunction directly in the male gamete by quantifying the number
      of spermatozoa with two fluorescent bodies (YFF) in 1000 sperm counted. Dried
      semen slides are stained with quinacrine dihydrochloride and examined under a
      fluorescent microscope with dark field illumination. This method eliminates the
      biopsy required for other meiotic studies and further eliminates bias in
      gametogenic selection by evaluating ejaculated mature spermatozoa. Since
      chromosomal numerical errors are found in 0.4% of term births and 35% of
      miscarriages, it is evident that chromosomal aneuploidy constitutes the major
      mutagenic load in man. In view of the increases observed in the incidence of YFF
      sperm in patients receiving antineoplastic therapy and in the DBCP-exposed
      workers, it may be prudent for men who have a history of exposure to mutagens and
      who are contemplating reproduction to be evaluated by this method prior to
      attempting conception. Further, this procedure could also be applied to the
      clinical phase of new drug testing to evaluate the effects of that agent with
      respect to aneuploidy since the increases in Y chromosomal nondisjunction may
      well act as a barometer for increases in overall autosomal nondisjunction.

PMID- 387401
TI  - Neurospora prototroph selection system for studying aneuploid production.
AB  - Various environmental agents have been tested for their ability to produce
      aneuploid products of meiosis in a Neurospora cross. The cross was between two
      multiply marked strains designed specifically for this purpose. These parental
      strains were heterozygous for four auxotrophic mutations on chromosome 1.
      Prototrophic disomics could be selected by plating ascospores on minimal medium.
      Out of 48 agents tested, at least 10 increased the aneuploid frequency
      significantly above control levels. Some of these positive-testing agents have
      also been found active in other aneuploid detection systems. It is suggested that
      if it should become necessary to perform widespread testing of agents in the
      human environment for their ability to generate aneuploids at meiosis, the
      Neurospora system could be successfully applied for this purpose.

PMID- 387400
TI  - Meiotic aneuploidy: its origins and induction following chemical treatment in
      Sordaria brevicollis.
AB  - A system suitable for the detection of meiotic aneuploidy is described in which
      various different origins of the aneuploidy can be distinguished. Aneuploid
      meiotic products are detected as black disomic spores held in asci containing all
      the products of a single meiosis. Aneuploidy may result from nondisjunction or
      from a meiosis in which an extra replica of one of the chromosomes has been
      generated in some other way, e.g., extra replication. By using this system it has
      been shown that pFPA treatment increase aneuploidy, primarily through an effect
      on nondisjunction. Preliminary results with trifluralin have indicated that this
      compound, too, may increase aneuploidy. There is a good possibility that the
      system can be further developed to permit a more rapid screening using a random
      plating method; this will allow a more efficient two-part analysis of the effects
      of compounds under test.

PMID- 387402
TI  - Analysis of mitotic nondisjunction with Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - Two methods to detect the induction of nondisjunction with a diploid stable
      strain of A. nidulans are described. The first method gives only qualitative
      results, while the second method is quantitative and dose-effect curves can be
      done. Some physiological parameters affecting the induction of nondisjunction can
      also be studied, because either quiescent or germinating conidia can be treated
      with the drug under test. Some agents inducing nondisjunction were also tested
      for the induction of point mutation and somatic crossing-over with these
      comparative analysis. Two classes of agents inducing nondisjunction may be
      detected: the first causes all possible types of genetic damage either on
      quiescent or germinating conidia (a representative of this class is MMS) and acts
      presumably on the DNA level; the second acts only on germinating conidia and does
      not produce point mutation or crossing over. A representative of this class is
      Benomyl which interferes with spindle microtubules. A list of compounds tests is
      included.

PMID- 387404
TI  - Pathological changes of lymph nodes in thorotrast patients: pathoanatomical,
      autoradiographical, and quantitative investigations.

PMID- 387403
TI  - Detection of mitotic and meiotic aneuploidy in the yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - A number of genetic systems are described which involve the use of the yeast
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The systems may be used to detect the production of
      aneuploid cells produced during both mitotic and meiotic cell division in the
      presence of genetically active chemicals. During mitotic cell division, monosomic
      colonies (2n - 1) may be detected by plating upon selective medium. Increases in
      such monosomic colonies are produced by exposure of cells to a number of chemical
      mutagens such as ethyl methane-sulfonate and mitomycin C. More importantly,
      monosomic colonies are also induced by nonmutagens such as sulfacetamide and
      saccharin, which suggests that such chemicals are capable of inducing aneuploidy
      (aneugenic) in the absence of mutagenic activity. Genetic analysis of aneuploid
      colonies produced on nonselective medium indicate that at least a proportion of
      the monosomic colonies were the result of mitotic nondisjunction. During meiotic
      cell division, disomic cells (n + 1) produced by chromosome nondisjunction may be
      detected by plating on selective media. The frequency of disomic cells has been
      shown to increase after exposure to p-fluorophenylalanine.

PMID- 387405
TI  - History of the use and toxicity of thorotrast.

PMID- 387406
TI  - Mercury in the Ottawa River. Ottawa River Project Group.

PMID- 387407
TI  - Health effects of long-term inhalation of sulfuric acid mist-carbon particle
      mixtures.

PMID- 387408
TI  - Enhancement of experimental respiratory infection following nickel inhalation.

PMID- 387409
TI  - Alteration in local and systemic immune capacity after exposure to bursts of CO.

PMID- 387410
TI  - Creatine kinase isoenzyme BB in serum of patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis
      and with kidney transplant.
AB  - The activity of creatine kinase isoenzyme BB (CK-BB) was determined in serum of
      healthy adults and in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and with
      kidney transplant. In the healthy adults examined, an activity of 0.56 +/- 0.16
      U/l (mean +/- SD) was found. The arithmetic mean of CK-BB activity in patients
      with renal insufficiency under hemodialysis was 1.42 +/- 0.87 U/l and differed
      from that of the healthy group. The CK-BB activity in patients with kidney
      transplant was not different from that of the control group. The occurrence of CK
      BB in serum is discussed from diagnostic and methodological point of view.

PMID- 387411
TI  - Evidence for an enhanced de novo synthesis of alkaline phosphatase in cholestatic
      rat liver using immunotitration and precursor incorporation techniques.
AB  - An antikidney phosphatase serum was produced. This showed a cross-reaction with
      liver phosphatase and precipitated the latter enzyme specifically in the double
      antibody method. An U-[14C] protein hydrolysate was injected intraperitoneally
      into rats, which had previously undergone bile duct ligation. Liver alkaline
      phosphatase was partially purified and immunoprecipitated. By determination of
      phosphatase labelling the extent of de novo synthesis of the phosphatase protein
      was evaluated. Comparing livers from control and cholestatic rats, it could be
      shown that 12 h after beginning of cholestasis the de novo synthesis of alkaline
      phosphatase was increased up to 4-fold and that is remained at a 2-fold increased
      level for at least 2 days.

PMID- 387412
TI  - Gabor Szasz.

PMID- 387413
TI  - The two major isozymes of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase.

PMID- 387414
TI  - Synthesis of biologically active portions of an intercistronic region by use of a
      new 3'-phosphate incorporation method to protect 3'-OH and their binding to
      ribosomes.

PMID- 387416
TI  - Controlled sequential pacing in isolated perfused auxiliary rat hearts.
AB  - An important question after clinical auxiliary heart transplantation is whether
      controlled pacing of both hearts is desirable in order to protect the diseased
      recipient heart. A comparison of the effects of spontaneous beating with three
      types of pacing (random, simultaneous and sequential) was undertaken in an
      isolated perfused working double rat heart. The two hearts were attached to each
      other by the atria, in a way comparable to the clinical situation. During
      controlled sequential pacing of both normal hearts, the peak systolic pressure
      fell and diastolic pressure rose, but the combined cardiac output did not
      changes. In contrast, during simultaneous pacing, systolic pressure rose,
      diastolic pressure  fell and coronary flow was less than with sequential pacing,
      but the oxygen uptake was higher. Hence the effects of sequential pacing could be
      expected to be beneficial when function of one of the hearts was depressed by
      left main coronary artery ligation. During sequential pacing the cardiac output
      was significantly improved from 10 to 30 ml/min (P less than 0.001) and coronary
      flow rose. Myocardial oxygen consumption increased from 80 to 110
      microliters/g/min (P less than 0.05). Thus sequential pacing could improve the
      severely depressed hemodynamics of the coronary-ligated heart in the presence of
      an auxiliary heart. The increased myocardial oxygen consumption is viewed as a
      beneficial effect of increased diastolic perfusion pressure and was not
      associated with increased enzyme release. It is concluded that the effects of
      sequential pacing warrant assessment in clinical auxiliary heart transplantation.

PMID- 387415
TI  - Uptake and conversion of the antibiotic albomycin by Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - The antibiotic albomycin is transported into cells of Escherichia coli K-12 by
      the same uptake system as the iron-supplying ferrichrome complex. The iron
      complexing hydroxamate moieties of albomycin and ferrichrome are structurally
      similar. During the phase of rapid iron uptake the chelators were not found in
      the cells. In order to understand the antibiotic activity of albomycin, it was
      labeled in the hydroxamate with tritium and in the presumed antibiotically active
      area with radioactive sulfur. While the tritium label was not retained by the
      cells, part of the sulfur label was taken up and concentrated 500-fold within the
      cell. The sulfur was not incorporated into proteins or nucleic acids since it was
      recovered as a low molecular weight component. Gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-2
      revealed one tritium-labeled and two sulfur-labeled cleavage products in the
      incubation medium. We conclude that albomycin is actively transported via its
      ferrichrome-like portion into the cells and that the growth-inhibitory moiety is
      released by hydrolysis intracellularly and remains there.

PMID- 387417
TI  - Comparison of pirbuterol and pirbuterol and hydroxyzine in patients with
      reversible airway obstruction.
AB  - The effects of single oral doses of pirbuterol 10 mg plus hydroxyzine 10 mg, and
      of pirbuterol 10 mg plus placebo, were compared in a single-blind cross-over
      trial in 17 adult patients with reversible airway obstruction. The initial
      bronchodilator response after the two treatments was similar, but mean specific
      airway conductance at 3, 4, 6 and 8 h, and mean FEV1 and FVC after 3 and 4 hours,
      were significantly higher after pirbuterol + hydroxyzine than after pirbuterol +
      placebo. The mean thoracic gas volume measured at 3 and 4 h was lower after
      pirbuterol + hydroxyzine. Heart rate, blood pressure and a continuous ECG record
      did not differ after the two treatments. The findings suggest that the
      combination of pirbuterol and hydroxyzine brings about more prolonged
      bronchodilatation in patients with reversible airway obstruction than does
      pirbuterol alone.

PMID- 387418
TI  - Single and chronic dose pharmacokinetic studies of sodium valproate in epileptic
      patients.

PMID- 387419
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of prazepam in man.

PMID- 387420
TI  - Clinical trial of brinase and anticoagulants as a method of treatment for
      advanced limb ischemia.
AB  - A randomized, single-blind trial of repeated intravenous infusion of Brinase was
      carried out in 70 petients with severe chronic limb ischemia, who were candidates
      for lumbar sympathectomy or amputation. The enzyme caused s significant increase
      in calf and ankle pressure index. At six months follow-up, the clinical results
      were statistically significant in favour of Brinase when all patients were
      considered, but not if 10 patients with Buerger's disease were omitted from the
      analysis. Patients treated with a combination of Brinase and coumarins had a
      better clinical outcome than patients receiving either treatment on its own.

PMID- 387421
TI  - The enumeration of rat IgE-secreting cells using a reverse plaque-forming cell
      assay.
AB  - A reverse hemolytic plaque assay utilizing protein A-coated sheep red cells and a
      specific rabbit anti-rat IgE preparation has been adapted for the enumeration of
      rat IgE-secreting cells derived from the IR-162 rat plasmacytoma and from rats
      infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Under optimal conditions,
      approximately 10-15% of the viable plasmacytoma cells were scored as plaque
      forming cells. In rats infected with 5000 Nippostrongylus brasiliensis larvae, a
      maximum of 2 x 10(6) IgE-secreting cells were found in the mesenteric lymph
      nodes, and no IgE plaque-forming cells in their spleens. The kinetics of the
      mesenteric lymph node plaque-forming cell responses closely coincided with total
      serum IgE levels, with maximum responses occurring 15-16 days after infection.
      There was a high degree of correlation between the mesenteric lymph node IgE
      plaque-forming cell responses and total serum IgE levels of individuals rats. It
      was concluded that the IgE-secreting cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes
      contributed, in a large way, to the elevated levels of IgE found in the
      circulation of these rats.

PMID- 387422
TI  - Detection of albumin-secreting hepatocytes at the single cell level by a protein
      A plaque assay.
AB  - In a complement-dependent assay, using protein A-coupled erythrocytes as target
      cells and anti-albumin immunoglobulin (Ig) as a developing serum, it was possible
      to detect single albumin-secreting hepatocytes as plaque-forming cells.
      Plasmacytoma cells were detected using anti-Ig antibodies and did not form
      plaques with anti-albumin Ig. This method can potentially be used for detecting
      any cell-secreting products in sufficient amounts.

PMID- 387423
TI  - Lipopolysaccharide and lipid A-induced human blood lymphocyte activation as
      detected by a protein A plaque assay.
AB  - Various purified cell wall lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from gram-negative bacteria
      and derivatives of these LPS were tested for their stimulatory capacity for human
      peripheral blood cells. Immunoglobulin (Ig) production was tested by an indirect
      plaque-forming cell assay using Staphylococcus aureus protein A-coupled
      erythrocytes and specific anti-Ig as developing serum. This method allows the
      detection of the majority of cells secreting Ig of a single class, and the number
      of plaque-forming cells detected are approximately 100-1000 times the amount
      obtained using normal sheep red cells as targets. LPS containing the O antigen
      specific chain, as well as mutant products only containing lipid A and
      ketodeoxyoctonate trisaccharide, could induce cell division and antibody
      synthesis. The polypeptide antibiotic polymyxin B was found to inhibit LPS
      induced activation. Furthermore, purified lipid A, complexed with bovine serum
      albumin, was also found to activate human peripheral blood B cells. These
      findings demonstrate that human peripheral blood lymphocytes can be activated by
      LPS and also indicate that lipid A is the active part of these molecules.

PMID- 387424
TI  - Wheat germ agglutinin activates macrophages for collaboration with B cells.
AB  - Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), added to Mishell-Dutton-type cultures of nude spleen
      cells challenged with erythrocyte antigens, allows a primary specific plaque
      forming cell (PFC) response. WGA, however, does not display direct mitogenicity
      to either T or B lymphocytes. The activity of WGA in the specific PFC response is
      macrophage-dependent and parallels a nonspecific PFC response in the same
      cultures.

PMID- 387425
TI  - The presence of two alpha-MSH positive cell groups in rat hypothalamus.

PMID- 387426
TI  - Protein turnover and cell-cycle initiation in yeast.

PMID- 387427
TI  - Diazepam induces relaxation of chick embryo muscle fibers in vitro and inhibits
      myosin synthesis.

PMID- 387428
TI  - M-protein in chicken cardiac muscle.

PMID- 387429
TI  - Localization of a factor stimulating RNA polymerase II in the nucleoplasm,
      revealed by immunofluorescence.

PMID- 387430
TI  - Analysis of actin and microfilament-associated proteins in the mitotic spindle
      and cleavage furrow of PtK2 cells by immunofluorescence microscopy. A critical
      note.

PMID- 387431
TI  - Prostaglandin-like substances in Propionibacterium acnes. III. Differential
      contractile effects on smooth muscle layers of the human utero-tubal junction.
AB  - The biological activity of a lipid fraction extracted from P. acnes was tested on
      isolated smooth muscle strips from the human utero-tubal junction. The bioassay
      experiments support the concept that prostaglandin-like substances (PLS) occur in
      P. acnes. However, in the bioassay system used, the effect of PLS was different
      from that of PGF2 alpha and PGI2 but similar, although not identical, to that of
      arachidonic acid and PGE2.

PMID- 387432
TI  - Systemic candidiasis from Candida albicans colonizing the gastrointestinal tract
      of mice.
AB  - Reproducible induction of systemic Candida infection was achieved by treating
      mice in which Candida colonization had been established in the gastrointestional
      tract by aminobenzylpenicillin treatment. Systemic candidiasis was induced in
      these mice by X-ray irradiation followed by immunosuppressive doses of
      dexamethasone or X-ray irradiation followed by immunosuppressive doses of trypan
      blue. Macrophages seem to play an important role in thie systemic infection.

PMID- 387433
TI  - Octopamine levels during the moult cycle and adult development in the migratory
      locust, Locusta migratoria.
AB  - Octopamine content of the head of the locust Locusta migratoria has been
      determined during the last larval stage, moulting and adult life of 3 groups of
      insects: female and male gregarious, solitary and CO2 solitarized. An important
      difference was found between these 3 groups. Octopamine contents increased in the
      middle of the larval life and during the adult life. The moulting time is
      characterized by a sharp decrease of the octopamine content which becomes
      identical in the 3 groups of insects. The relation between octopamine content,
      hormone cycles and motility is discussed.

PMID- 387434
TI  - Colony stimulating activity in acute and chronic endotoxinemia in man.
AB  - Blood granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating activity (GM CSF) was measured in
      6 normal individuals challenged with low-dose endotoxin and in 63 unselected
      patients with nonhaematological disorders. 5/63 patients were febrile and 5 other
      patients whoed detectable endotoxin levels, as measured by the Limulus assay. CSA
      levels showed a rapid increase in normal individuals following endotoxin
      administration, but were in the normal range in patients with chronic
      endotoxinemia or in those with febrile disorders. Thus, unlike acute
      endotoxinemia, chronic endotoxinemia is not associated with elevated activity
      that promotes growth of myeloid commited stem cells. In addition, fever per se
      did not coincide with elevated blood CSA levels.

PMID- 387435
TI  - [Search for diuretic compounds among the sulfamides. I. Mono- and disulfamides].

PMID- 387436
TI  - [Use of dimexide in the therapy of dermatoses].

PMID- 387437
TI  - [Analysis of the factors that influence morbidity among pharmaceutical workers].

PMID- 387438
TI  - [Mykhailo Ivanovych Borysov].

PMID- 387439
TI  - [Pathways of the pharmacological regulation of immunoreceptor function].

PMID- 387440
TI  - Stimulation of RNA synthesis by dinucleotides with eukaryotic RNA polymerase.

PMID- 387441
TI  - Evidence for essential arginine in yeast adenylate cyclase.

PMID- 387442
TI  - Fractionation of rabbit ventricular myosins by affinity chromatography with
      insolubilized antimyosin antibodies.

PMID- 387443
TI  - Influence of tungstate on the formation and activities of four reductases in
      Proteus mirabilis: identification of two new molybdo-enzymes: chlorate reductase
      and tetrathionate reductase.

PMID- 387444
TI  - Microtubule proteins in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 387445
TI  - Identification of two new capsid proteins in bacteriophage M13.

PMID- 387446
TI  - The outer membrane permeability of Gram-negative bacteria: determination of
      permeability rate in reconstituted vesicle membranes.

PMID- 387447
TI  - Identification and differential distribution of collagen types in the central and
      peripheral nervous systems.

PMID- 387448
TI  - Amino terminal sequence of the recA protein of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 387449
TI  - The primary structure of protein S3 from the small ribosomal subunit of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 387450
TI  - Structural study of ribosomal 23 S RNA from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 387451
TI  - Protein A-enzyme monoconjugate as a versatile tool for enzyme immunoassays.

PMID- 387453
TI  - [The role of prosthodontic treatment in the management of residual teeth in
      patients with periodontal diseases].

PMID- 387452
TI  - Luteal phase defects.

PMID- 387454
TI  - [Prevention of facial disfigurement during surgery. III. Radical neck dissection,
      surgical reconstruction of major defects in the facial, neck and oral region].

PMID- 387455
TI  - [Prosthetic classification of partially edentulous jaws].

PMID- 387456
TI  - [Prevention of facial disfigurement during surgery. II. Reconstruction of the
      parotid area].

PMID- 387457
TI  - [Incidence of Candida in gangrenous root canals].

PMID- 387458
TI  - [The development of orthopantomography in the light of the work of Yrjo Veli
      Paatero].

PMID- 387459
TI  - [Joint prosthesis, with special reference to the therapeutic value of balanced
      articulation].

PMID- 387460
TI  - Comparative biochemical cytology of the exoplasmic apparatus in polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes.

PMID- 387461
TI  - Lysosomes in immunity to schistosomes and other helminths.

PMID- 387462
TI  - The role of lysosomal factors of leukocytes in the biodegradation and storage of
      microbial constituents in infectious granulomas.

PMID- 387464
TI  - Lysozyme activity: an index of macrophage functional status.

PMID- 387463
TI  - Secretory activity of macrophages in relation to cytotoxicity and modulation of
      cell function.

PMID- 387465
TI  - The subcellular distribution and biochemical properties of peroxidase in
      monocytes and macrophages.

PMID- 387466
TI  - Drug-induced lysosomal storage disorders.

PMID- 387467
TI  - Enzyme replacement therapy of lysosome storage disease.

PMID- 387468
TI  - Yeast glucan and immunotherapy of infectious diseases.

PMID- 387469
TI  - Liposomes - methodology and applications.

PMID- 387470
TI  - Liposomes as carriers of anti-inflammatory steroids.

PMID- 387471
TI  - Non-liposomal nanocapsules, methodology and application.

PMID- 387472
TI  - [The stomatology of Haller (1708-1777)].

PMID- 387473
TI  - [The use of a perimandibular ring as a method of fixation of the lower
      prosthesis].

PMID- 387475
TI  - [Management of the free ending removable partial denture].

PMID- 387474
TI  - [Haller and Winslow].

PMID- 387476
TI  - [Management of a tooth defect with an elongated bridge in application of a free
      ending denture].

PMID- 387477
TI  - [Restoration of a deciduous tooth by a new filling material, Clearfil-SC].

PMID- 387478
TI  - [History and theory of acupuncture in Chinese medicine].

PMID- 387479
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Takeshi Hori].

PMID- 387480
TI  - [The significance of the individual tray in the function of the impression
      material used].

PMID- 387481
TI  - [The Schreinemaker impression].

PMID- 387482
TI  - [Correlations between immunological parameters and the stage of clinical apparent
      or latent syphilis (author's transl)].

PMID- 387483
TI  - Sialographic technique. Presentation of method and survey of literature.

PMID- 387484
TI  - Analysis of the mineral content and structure of artificially decalcified human
      tooth enamel. A quantitative microradiographic and photon-absorptiometric study
      combined with X-ray microdiffraction.

PMID- 387485
TI  - Maxillo-facial aspects of radiation protection, focused on recent research
      regarding critical organs.

PMID- 387486
TI  - [Radiography of the temporomandibular joint using the transpharyngeal projection.
      A comparison study of information obtained with different radiographic
      techniques].

PMID- 387487
TI  - Relationship of endogenous to dietary sorbitol. A study in normal and diabetic
      rats.
AB  - The relationship of endogenous to dietary sorbitol was investigated by measuring
      the sorbitol content of plasma, lens and kidney in normal an streptozotocin
      injected rats fed for two-three weeks a control diet or a diet rich in either
      sorbitol or sucrose. The insulin content and secretory capacity of the pancreatic
      islets removed from these rats was also measured. In normal rats, the
      carbohydrate-rich diet increased the concentration of sorbitol in plasma but not
      lens or kidney. The carbohydrate-rich diet also increased the secretory
      responsiveness of the B-cell to glucose. Accumulation of sorbitol in lens and
      kidney occurred in diabetic rats. When the diabetic rats were treated with
      insulin, the sorbitol content of plasma and lens was less elevated than in
      untreated diabetic animals, despite poor control of the glycemia. The insulin
      treatment failed to prevent sorbitol accumulation in the kidney. There was no
      obvious difference between dietary sorbitol and sucrose respectively, in terms of
      sorbitol accumulation in tissues or stimulation of B-cell secretory potential.

PMID- 387488
TI  - Metformin: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use.
AB  - In a survey, the pharmacological and clinical documentation of metformin is
      presented and discussed, and the present state of knowledge relating to metformin
      associated lactic acidosis is reviewed. The use of metformin in the treatment of
      diabetes is based on clinical experience over twenty years. It has been well
      documented that metformin is effective in maturity-onset diabetes both as
      monotherapy and in combination with a sulphonylurea. An advantage of metformin
      treatment is the tendency to weight reduction and the absence of significant
      hypoglycaemia; blood glucose levels are reduced only to normal. The disadvantages
      are the gastro-intestinal side effects and the potential risk of vitamin B 12 and
      folic acid deficiency during long-term use. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis
      is a very rare complication, which has mainly occured in patients with serious
      renal insufficiency or other contra-indications to the use of metformin. The
      association between phenformin and lactic acidosis has led to withdrawal of this
      biguanide in several countries. Metformin differs from phenformin in certain
      important respects, and the normal use of metformin does not involve the risk of
      side effects disproportionate to the intended effect. Further experimental
      studies are required to substantiate pharmacokinetics and metabolic effects of
      metformin in man.

PMID- 387489
TI  - [Treatment of diabetic retinopathy with laser photocoagulation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Laser photocoagulation has changed the visual prognosis of diabetic patients
      affected by retinopathy. It aims to lower the risk of blindness of diabetic
      patients. The goal of photocoagulation is to reduce the tissue damage of
      microangiopathic origin expressed by nonperfusion areas and permeability
      abnormalities that are responsible for retinal ischemia and oedema respectively.
      Loss of visual acuity in the diabetic is due mainly to two causes : first,
      vitreous hemorrhage with its dramatic loss of vision; secondly, macular cystoid
      oedema, occuring more commonly and with progressive loss of central vision. The
      efficiency of pan-retinal photocoagulation in reducing the risk of vitreous
      hemorrhage and consequent blindness in patients with disc or preretinal newly
      formed vessels, has been ascertained by American and British randomised studies.
      The indications, technics and results of photocoagulation in non-proliferative
      diabetic retinopathy are the subject of many studies. Only photocoagulation for
      macular oedema due to intra-retinal microvascular abnormality has shown to be of
      benefit.

PMID- 387490
TI  - Piroxicam in the treatment of osteoarthrosis: a multicentre study in general
      practice involving 1218 patients.

PMID- 387491
TI  - Comparative trial of a new hypnotic (Finorgal) with nitrazepam and triclofos
      sodium.
AB  - Thirty patients complaining of insomnia were studied in a double-blind trial with
      crossover of Finorgal, nitrazepam and triclofos sodium. Finorgal given as a
      hypnotic produced similar results to nitrazepam and triclofos sodium in terms of
      induction of sleep, duration and quality of sleep, dream recall and morning
      'hangover'. Reported side-effects were not serious and occurred less frequently
      in association with Finorgal treatment than with nitrazepam or triclofos sodium.
      Laboratory investigations gave no indication of the development of any drug
      toxicity during the three-week period of the trial.

PMID- 387492
TI  - Comparison of a new hypnotic (Finorgal) with placebo in a double-blind trial.
AB  - The hypnotic effects of Finorgal (ethchlorvynol with diphenhydramine) were
      compared with those of placebo in a double-blind study with crossover of
      treatments in thirty-five hospital in-patients. During the four-week period of
      Finorgal treatment there was a significant reduction in the mean time elapsing
      between the administration of the hypnotic and the onset of sleep, and a
      significant increase in the duration of sleep, compared with the four weeks of
      placebo treatment. There was also a significant increase in the proportion of
      nights when the patients felt they had slept well, and in the incidence of
      morning 'hangover' and nocturnal confusion during the Finorgal treatment periods.
      Patients had to be actively woken in the morning significantly more often
      following Finorgal administration. In patients experiencing pain in the night
      there was a significant reduction in the occurrence of pain during the nights
      when Finorgal had been given.

PMID- 387493
TI  - Neurobiochemical aspects of maprotiline (Ludiomil) action.
AB  - In the first part of the paper a short review of the neurobiochemical effects of
      the antidepressant drug maprotiline is given. Its most obvious effect is the
      inhibition of noradrenaline uptake in peripheral and central neurones. The
      peculiarity of this action consists in its high degree of selectivity, as no
      inhibition of serotonin uptake could be demonstrated in vivo. In the second part,
      the results of new experiments are described. These show that serotonin uptake is
      not diminished in rat mid-brain synaptosomes even after treatment with very high
      doses of maprotiline (600 mg/kg p.o.). In addition, the influence of the
      antidepressant on noradrenaline and serotnin uptake was studied in rat cerebral
      cortex, cerebellum, hypothalamus and pons-medulla. Dopamine and serotonin uptake
      were measured in the corpus striatum. Again, only the uptake of noradrenaline was
      found to be inhibited. There was not even a slight tendency towards inhibition of
      serotonin uptake. This high degree of selectivity distinguishes maprotiline from
      the tricyclic antidepressants and thus makes it an intersting 'extreme-type'
      uptake inhibitor.

PMID- 387494
TI  - Comparison of diazepam and flurazepam in the treatment of insomnia in general
      practice.
AB  - In a double-blind crossover study in general practice, flurazepam was shown to be
      significantly better (p less than 0.001) than diazepam in treating sleep
      disturbance. Fewer patients reported side-effects on flurazepam.

PMID- 387495
TI  - A double-blind controlled trial of betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% (Diproderm)
      in comparison with fluocinolone acetonide 0.025% (Synalar) in psoriasis and other
      steroid-responsive dermatoses.
AB  - In a double-blind randomized study, sixty-two patients suffering from psoriasis
      or eczema were treated, twice daily for three weeks, either with 0.05%
      betamethasone 17, 21-dipropionate cream or with 0.025% fluocinolone acetonide
      cream. The results showed that both topical corticosteroid preparations were
      effective, well tolerated and cosmetically acceptable. Fifty-seven per cent of
      the patients treated with betamethasone dipropionate were rated as being 'much
      better' in the overall assessment of response at the end of the trial period
      compared to only 25% of those in the fluocinolone acetonide group.

PMID- 387496
TI  - A clinical trial of choline theophyllinate versus salbutamol with placebo
      control.
AB  - Using a randomized double-blind procedure, seventeen patients with chronic
      airways obstruction completed a placebo-controlled study to compare
      bronchodilator effects of single doses of choline theophyllinate 400 mg and
      salbutamol 4 mg. As determined by a range of spirometric measurements, the
      effects of the two drugs were remarkably similar and there were no statistically
      significant differences in any of the parameters measured. Both drugs produced
      highly significant differences in comparison with placebo response. Side-effects
      were mainly complaints of digital tremor; this was seen in four of the patients
      after salbutamol and in less pronounced form in two patients after choline
      theophyllinate.

PMID- 387498
TI  - Clinical effects of trithiozine, a newer gastric anti-secretory agent.
AB  - Trithiozine is a new product which in animal studies proved to have a marked anti
      secretory and anti-ulcer effect, along with a very low acute and chronic toxicity
      and no ganglioplegic, anticholinergic and anti-H2 activity. Clinical trials with
      trithiozine have been performed in some European countries. The results of these
      trials, most of which were conducted on a double-blind basis, and including
      already several hundreds of patients, have shown that oral trithiozine: exerts a
      very significant action on both basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion,
      without a rebound hypersecretion; promotes, in most patients, a complete
      endoscopic healing of peptic ulcer, in addition to an early symptomatic relief;
      has a mild sedative action; does not affect the pancreatic secretion; is well
      tolerated even for long-term (up to 10 months) treatments.

PMID- 387497
TI  - Hydrocortisone alcoholic solution in eczematous external otitis.
AB  - A double-blind, randomized study is described involving a total of fifty-five
      patients suffering from eczematous external otitis comparing for efficacy
      hydrocortisone alcoholic solution and hydrocortisone-17-alpha-butyrate. The trial
      duration was seven days. No difference in efficacy could be demonstrated between
      the two preparations. No side-effects were observed.

PMID- 387499
TI  - Isolation and characterization of preproinsulin mRNA from fetal bovine pancreatic
      islets.
AB  - Total polyadenylated RNA prepared from isolated islets of fetal bovine pancreas
      was physically characterized. Incubation of this poly A+ RNA with a cell-free
      protein-synthesizing system derived from wheat germ results in the synthesis of
      insulin-immunoreactive polypeptide identical in size to that described earlier,
      11 200 daltons (Lomedico et al. (1977) J. Biol. Chem. 252, 7971--7978). This
      material comprised approximately 22% of the total 3H-labeled translation
      products. Compared to poly A+ RNA from the total pancreas, we conclude that islet
      mRNA is enriched in proinsulin mRNA.

PMID- 387500
TI  - Separation of ectoderm and endoderm from sea urchin pluteus larvae and
      demonstration of germ layer-specific antigens.

PMID- 387503
TI  - Bone loss in diabetes: effects of metabolic state.
AB  - The significance of different risk factors for the development of bone loss in
      diabetes mellitus was evaluated in a cross sectional study of 215 insulin treated
      diabetic outpatients. Bone mineral content in the forearms was measured by photon
      absorptiometry and the metabolic status was evaluated by three indices: residual
      B-cell function, insulin dosage and fasting blood glucose. The mean bone mineral
      content was reduced to 90.2% of sex- and age-matched normal mean values (P less
      than 0.001). Stratification of the patients showed that bone mineral content was
      99.3% of that found in sex- and age matched normal subjects in the group with
      residual B-cell function, low insulin dosage and low fasting blood glucose; it
      was only 79.3% of normal in the group with no detectable insulin secretion, high
      insulin dosage and more severe hyperglycaemia. Thus, residual insulin secretion
      and the quality of metabolic control are major factors in determining bone
      mineral content in insulin treated diabetic patients.

PMID- 387502
TI  - Somatostatin in the pancreas and hypothalamus of obese mice.
AB  - The pancreatic content of somatostatin, insulin, and glucagon and the
      hypothalamic content of somatostatin were examined in ob/ob mice at various ages
      and in goldthioglucose-obese mice. The total pancreatic content of somatostatin
      was increased in ob/ob mice compared to controls: 92 ng vs 75 ng (a 22% increase)
      at 2 months of age; 208 ng vs 131 ng (a 60% increase) at 6 months of age; and 184
      ng vs 118 ng (a 60% increase) at 8 months of age. The total pancreatic content of
      glucagon in ob/ob mice was already enhanced by 70% over controls at 2 months of
      age (301 ng vs 173 ng) and did not increase further at later stages, whereas that
      of insulin progressively rose with age. In goldthioglucose-obese mice the
      pancreatic content of insulin was also increased but to a lesser extent than in
      ob/ob mice; the pancreatic levels of somatostatin and glucagon were unaltered. In
      both ob/ob mice (regardless of age) and goldthioglucose-obese mice, there was no
      significant change in the hypothalamic content of somatostatin compared with that
      of lean controls.

PMID- 387504
TI  - Effect of the alpha-glucosidase-inhibitor BAY-g-5421 on blood glucose control of
      sulphonylurea-treated diabetics and insulin-treated diabetics.

PMID- 387505
TI  - Ultrastructural and morphometric studies of delta cells in pancreatic islets from
      C57BL/Ks diabetes mice.
AB  - An ultrastructural and immunocytochemical study was undertaken to elucidate the
      temporal and quantitative aspects of the changes occurring in the delta cells in
      the pancreatic islets of C57BL/KsJ db/db (diabetes) mice. Electron microscopy
      revealed that prior to the major topographical redistribution of delta cells from
      their peripheral location to the islet interior, long delta cell filopodial
      extensions penetrated into the islet, greatly increasing the area of surface
      contact between delta cells and hypersecretory beta cells. Coincident with delta
      cells redistribution in islets of 8 to 10 week diabetes mice, the mean number of
      delta cells per islet had increased significantly. In contrast, their volume
      density had decreased, indicating incomplete compensation for beta cell
      hyperplasia which had commenced approximately 4 weeks earlier. In the 14 week
      mutants, numbers of delta cells per islet and islet volume reached maximum values
      while delta cell volume density had been restored to a control level. Delta cell
      volume density exhibited a 2-fold increase in the mutants at 20 weeks that
      coincided with massive beta cell necrosis. However, a decline in the number of
      delta cells per islet (173.6 +/- 20.9 at 14 weeks versus 91.2 +/- 20 weeks)
      suggests that islet degeneration in terminal stages of the syndrome also includes
      some loss of these cells.

PMID- 387506
TI  - Regulation of glucagon release: effects of insulin on the pancreatic A2-cell of
      the guinea pig.

PMID- 387501
TI  - Diabetic autonomic neuropathy.
AB  - This review attempts to outline the present understanding of diabetic autonomic
      neuropathy. The clinical features have been increasinly recognised but knowledge
      of the localization and morphology of the lesions and their pathogenesis remains
      fragmentary. A metabolic causation as postulated in somatic nerves accords best
      with clinical observations. Most bodily systems, particularly the cardiovascular,
      gastrointestinal and urogenital, are involved with added disturbances of
      thermoregulatory function and pupillary reflexes. Possible effects on
      neuroendocrine and peptidergic secretion and respiratory control await
      definition. Current interest centres around the development of a new generation
      of tests of autonomic nerve function that are simple, non-invasive, reproducible
      and allow precision in diagnosis and accurate quantitation. Most are based on
      cardiovascular reflexes and abnormality in them is assumed to reflect autonomic
      damage elsewhere. Probably no single test suffices and a battery of tests
      reflecting both parasympathetic and sympathetic function is preferable. Little is
      known of the natural history. The prevalence may be greater than previously
      suspected and although symptoms are mild in the majority, a few develop florid
      features. The relation of control and duration of diabetes to the onset and
      progression of autonomic neuropathy is not clearly established. Once tests of
      autonomic function become abnormal they usually remain abnormal. Symptomatic
      autonomic neuropathy carries a greatly increased mortality rate possibly due to
      indirect mechanisms such as renal failure and direct mechanisms such as cardio
      resiratory arrest. Improved treatment of some of the more disabling symptoms has
      been possible in recent years.

PMID- 387507
TI  - [Value and limitations of endoscopic hemostasis in the treatment of
      gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 387510
TI  - Cell culture of human intestinal mucosae.

PMID- 387509
TI  - Histogenesis of adenomatous polyps in the human large intestine.
AB  - Detailed histologic analyses have been performed in 75, minute, colorectal polyps
      from familial polyposis patients. All polyps were composed of typical adenomatous
      tissue, with, in addition, some normal-looking glands still to be found among the
      neoplastic elements. Bifurcating glands were not observed, and branching patterns
      were present in 27% of the polyps only. In 86% of the lesions, the number of
      gland openings along the polyp surface was larger than the number of gland bases
      observed along the muscularis mucosae. This difference increased with polyp size
      (r = 0.9043). Those data, together with previous radioautographic observations,
      suggest that formation of new adenomatous glands mainly results from an infolding
      of the surface epithelium between normal, preexisting glands. This mechanism
      sharply contrasts with villous polyps in which papillary projections arise
      upwards from the mucosal surface.

PMID- 387508
TI  - [Cimetidine versus combined therapy (antacid, anticholinergic drugs and
      oxyferriscorbone sodique) in short-term treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer.
      A multicenter controlled trial (author's transl)].

PMID- 387512
TI  - The mechanism of induction of the microsomal drug hydroxylating system in rat
      liver by phenobarbital.

PMID- 387511
TI  - Effects of prostacyclin and a stable analogue, 6-beta-PGI1, on gastric acid
      secretion, mucosal blood flow, and blood pressure in conscious dogs.
AB  - We studied the effect of prostacyclin, PGI2, its chemical decomposition product,
      6-oxo-PGF1 alpha, and a stable 5-6-dihydro analogue, 6-beta-PGI1, on gastric acid
      secretion, mucosal blood flow (14C-aminopyrine clearance), and mean arterial
      pressure in unanesthetized dogs. During submaximal acid secretion from a gastric
      fistula induced by intravenous histamine dihydrochloride (20 microgram kg-1 h-1),
      prostacyclin and its stable analogue, 6-beta-PGI1, reduced acid output with ID50s
      (dose causing 50% inhibition) of about 0.2 and 3.0 microgram kg-1 min-1 i.v.,
      respectively, whereas 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha was inactive at 100 times the effective
      dose of prostacyclin. The ratio of mucosal blood flow to acid output remained
      unchanged during prostacyclin administration and was significantly elevated
      during 6-beta-PGI1 infusion, suggesting that with both compounds the changes in
      mucosal blood flow were not the cause of the antisecretory action. For doses
      causing equivalent antisecretory action, 6-beta-PGI1 lowered systemic arterial
      blood pressure much less than prostacyclin, indicating selectivity of action.
      Prostacyclin is unlikely to be a circulating antisecretory agent, but may play a
      role as a local humoral modulator of secretion and blood flow in the gastric
      mucosa.

PMID- 387513
TI  - Recent developments in degeneration of the sympathetic neuron.

PMID- 387514
TI  - Hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone content in relation to the
      seasonal reproductive cycle of Xenopus laevis.

PMID- 387515
TI  - [Immunofluorescence evidence for prolactin and somatotropic cells in the
      hypophysis of Xenpus tadpoles (Xenopus laevis D.)].

PMID- 387516
TI  - Histidine mutants requiring adenine: selection of mutants with reduced hisG
      expression in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - A method is described for the selection of Salmonella typhimurium mutants with
      reduced levels of hisG enzyme activity. This method is based on the fact that the
      hisG enzyme catalyzes the consumption of ATP in the first step of histidine
      biosynthesis. Normally, this reaction is closely regulated, both by feedback
      inhibition and by repression of the operon. However, conditions can be set up
      that result in the uncontrolled use of adenine in histidine biosynthesis. Cells
      grown under these conditions become phenotypic adenine auxotrophs. Some revertant
      clones that no longer require adenine contain mutations in hisG, hisE, or the his
      control region. The hisG mutations are of all types (nonsense, frameshift,
      missense, deletion and leady types), and they map throughout the hisG gene.

PMID- 387519
TI  - In memoriam: Dr. Grete Lehner Bibring (1899-1977).

PMID- 387517
TI  - A refined map of the hisG gene of Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The hisG gene is the most operator-proximal structural gene of the histidine
      operon; it encodes the feedback-inhibitable first enzyme of the biosynthetic
      pathway. Previously, hisG mutants were mapped into seven intervals defined by the
      availble deletion mutations having endpoints in the hisG gene. The map has been
      refined using over 60 new deletion mutants. The new map divides the gene into 40
      deletion intervals, which average approximately 30 base pairs in length. The map
      has been used to analyze the distribution of insertion sites for the transposable
      element Tn10 and has permitted conclusions on the diistribution of duplication
      endpoints. The map promises to be useful in analysis of his regulation and, more
      particularly, in the determination of the possible role of the hisG enzyme in
      this mechanism.

PMID- 387518
TI  - Mutagenesis by cytostatic alkylating agents in yeast strains of differing repair
      capacities.
AB  - Reversion of two nulcear ochre nonsense alleles and cell inactivation induced by
      mono-, bi-, and tri-functional alkylating agents and by UV has been investigated
      in stationary-phase haploid cells of yeast strains with differing capacities for
      DNA repair. The ability to survive alkylation damage is correlated with UV repair
      capacity, a UV-resistant and UV-mutable strain (RAD REV) being least and a UV
      sensitive and UV-nonmutable strain (radi rev3) most sensitive. Mutagenicity of
      alkylating agents is highest in the former and is abolished in the latter strain.
      Deficiency in excision repair (rad1 rad2) or in the RAD18 function does not lead
      to enhanced mutability. Mutagenesis by the various agents is characterized by a
      common pattern of induction of locus-specific revertants and suppressor mutants.
      Induction kinetics are mostly linear, but UV-induced reversion in the RAD REV
      strain follows higher-than-linear (probably "quadratic") kinetics. The alkylating
      agent cyclophosphamide, usually considered inactive without metabolic conversion,
      reduces colony-forming ability and induces revertants in a manner similar but not
      identical to the other chemicals tested. These findings are taken to support the
      concept of mutagenesis by misrepair after alkylation, which albeit sharing common
      features with the mechanism of UV-induced reversion, can be distinguished
      therefrom.

PMID- 387521
TI  - [Functional interactions of the genomes of Shigella sonnei phages and Escherichia
      coli phage T4 in mixed infection].
AB  - A comparative study of Shigella sonnei phages U and G and Escherichia coli phage
      T4 has shown that enzymes coded for by the Sh. sonnei phages can functionally
      substitute for some T4-coded products. This finding in indicative of an
      evolutionary relationship between T-even phages and disenteric phages U and G.
      The U phage is uncapable to compensate amber mutants for the genes that control
      the conversion of cytosine into 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine (5-HMC) and the
      glucosylation of the latter, which agrees with our earlier finding that the U
      phage DNA contains no 5-HMC. U and G phages are also found to exclude the T4
      phage in the course of mixed infection.

PMID- 387520
TI  - [Acceptance and transfer of plasmid Rts1 by bacteria of the genus Erwinia].
AB  - The ability of 13 Erwinia strains to accept, to inherit and to transmit the Rts1
      factor by conjugation was studied. 11 strains accepted the Rts1 factor from
      Escherichia coli K-12 CSH-2 with the frequency of about 10(-7)--10(-3). The Rts1
      factor was genetically stable in the Erwinia cells and was not eliminated by
      acriflavine and under the temperature of 37 and 42 degrees C. All the R+
      exconjugants were characterized with more high degree of the resistance of
      kanamycin than E. coli cells harbouring the same R factor. Erwinia strains
      harbouring the Rts1 plasmid transferred it by conjugation into homologic
      (Erwinia) and heterologic (E. coli) bacteria. The study of kinetics of the
      transfer of the Rts1 factor in different mating systems showed that the transfer
      of this plasmid from R+ Erwinia into R- Erwinia and R- E. coli--in the liquid
      medium. It is concluded that Erwinia can be the host and the donor of the Rts1
      factor.

PMID- 387522
TI  - [Ioil' Aleksandrovich Veselovskii (on his 90th birthday)].

PMID- 387524
TI  - [Bibliography of the foreign literature on genetics (May 1979)].

PMID- 387523
TI  - [Galina Vasil'evna Pustovoit (on her 70th birthday)].

PMID- 387525
TI  - Intramolecular amplification of the tetracycline resistance determinant of
      transposon Tn1771 in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 387526
TI  - Preparation and characterization of large amounts of restriction fragments
      containing the E. coli lac control elements.
AB  - Large quantities of pure DNA fragments (789, 203 and 95 bp in length) containing
      the Escherichia coli lac controlling elements (operator, promoter, CRP binding
      site) were prepared from appropriate recombinant plasmids. High pressure liquid
      chromatography on RPC-5 or preparative sucrose gradient centrifugation was used
      to fractionate the pVH51 vector from the inserts. The fragments had few, if any,
      nicks or depurinated sites, and the majority of the fragment ends were intact.
      Absorbance-temperature profiles on the fragments showed multiphasic transitions.

PMID- 387527
TI  - Thermo-inducible expression of cloned early genes of bacteriophage Mu.
AB  - An EcoRI fragment, containing approx. 5100 base pairs (bp) of the immunity-end of
      bacteriophage Mu, was inserted into the multicopy plasmid pMB9 by in vitro
      recombination. The expression of early Mu genes, located on the cloned fragment,
      is thermo-inducible because of the presence of the ts mutation in gene c. The
      isolation of a transformant harbouring the recombinant plasmid, pGP1, was
      possible only when expression of Mu genes was prevented. pGP1 can be maintained
      at 28 degrees C at high copy number, but at 42 degrees C the pGP1 containing
      cells are killed due to the expression of the kil gene of Mu. The following Mu
      genes are present on pGP1: the ner gene, the integration and replication genes A
      and B, the cim gene, and the kil gene. pGP1 containing cells do not show Gam and
      Sot activity at 42 degrees C, therefore the leftmost EcoRI site on the Mu DNA is
      located between genes kil and gam or sot, or within the gam or sot gene.

PMID- 387528
TI  - [Instrument for sampling silt in sanitary-microbiologic studies].

PMID- 387529
TI  - [75th birthday of A.A. Minkh].

PMID- 387530
TI  - [60th anniversary of the birth of Professor Veniamin Mikhailovich Perelygin].

PMID- 387531
TI  - [Health status of the textile factories and of the living conditions of the
      workers in the city of Klintsy in prerevolutionary Russia].

PMID- 387532
TI  - [Methods of determining fecal Escherichia coli].

PMID- 387533
TI  - [Genetic effects of heavy metals].

PMID- 387534
TI  - [Prophylactic action of individual food substances in mercury uptake into the
      body].

PMID- 387535
TI  - [Effect of bacterial insecticides on soil self-purification processes and on the
      survival in the soil of pathogenic enterobacteria with the example of Salmonella
      typhimurium].

PMID- 387536
TI  - [Antibacterial activity of the amniotic fluid. I. Inhibition of the in vitro
      growth of Escherichia coli].

PMID- 387537
TI  - [System of data collection and information processing regarding the diagnosis and
      the methods and results of treatment of patients hospitalized at the gynecologic
      clinic of the Pomorze Medical Academy].

PMID- 387538
TI  - [Preservation of the heart by a biological perfusion method].

PMID- 387539
TI  - [Petr Petrovich Kovalenko (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 387540
TI  - Effect of alpha-glucosidehydrolase inhibition and intestinal absorption of
      sucrose, water, and sodium in man.
AB  - The effect of a new complex oligosaccharide exhibiting potent inhibitory action
      on alpha-glucoside hydrolases on intestinal absorption of sucrose in man was
      tested by constant in vivo perfusion of the jejunum. At concentrations of 4.65 or
      15.5 X 10(-6)M the alpha-glucosidehydrolase inhibitor (alpha-GHI) markedly
      inhibited absorption of glucose from sucrose and absorption of sodium and water.
      Oral administration of the alpha-GHI resulted as well in depression of solute,
      sodium, and water absorption. This new compound can serve as an interesting tool
      to induce carbohydrate malabsorption by inhibition of final digestion and may
      possibly be of beneficial therapeutic effect in dietary control of diabetes or
      obesity.

PMID- 387541
TI  - Arterial and portal blood supply in cirrhosis: a functional evaluation.
AB  - The uptake of (125)I albumin microaggregates (U-(125)I-AMA) from portal blood,
      during a single passage through the hepatic reticuloendothelial system, has been
      found to be generally decreased in cirrhosis. To investigate if a similar
      phenomenon occurs for the colloid flowing through the hepatic artery, the U
      (125)I-AMA was first calculated in normal dogs after injection of a mixture of
      (51)Cr red blood cells ((51)Cr-RBC) and (125)I-AMA into the hepatic artery by
      comparing hepatic indicator dilution curves (IDC) obtained with both indicators.
      In nine dogs, the U-(125)I-AMA from hepatic artery blood was generally over 90%,
      as previously reported for the same colloid flowing through the portal vein in
      another group of normal dogs. This approach was then applied in nine patients
      with alcoholic cirrhosis who underwent combined umbilicoportal vein, hepatic
      vein, and hepatic artery catheterisation because of severe portal hypertension.
      Hepatic indicator dilution curves were obtained in the nine patients after
      injection of a mixture of (51)Cr-RBC and (125)I-AMA into the portal vein and the
      hepatic artery. The U-(125)I-AMA from portal and hepatic artery blood was
      measured by comparing (51)Cr-RBC and (125)I-AMA hepatic IDC. U-(125)I-AMA varied
      between 5.2 and 90.5% after portal vein injection and between 13.7 and 90.1%
      after hepatic artery injection; not difference was found between paired values.
      In all patients the extraction of indocyanine green (E-ICG) was calculated during
      a continuous infusion and significant correlations were found between E-ICG and U
      (125)I-AMA from portal blood (r=0.931; p <0.001) or from hepatic artery blood
      (r=0.861; p <0.005). The decreased uptakes can be related to intrahepatic shunts
      or sinusoidal changes responsible for ineffective phagocytosis and restricted
      access of dye to parenchymal cells. These data indicate that in cirrhosis the
      hepatic artery and portal vein blood is cleared of colloid and ICG in a similar
      fashion and suggest nearly identical blood supply to the regenerative nodules by
      the hepatic artery and portal vein. Thus U-(125)I-AMA from hepatic artery or
      portal vein blood, as well as the E-ICG, may be used to estimate the functional
      hepatic blood supply in cirrhosis; this may prove to be useful in the prognosis
      of patients before portacaval shunts.

PMID- 387543
TI  - Effect of massive bowel resection on enteroinsular axis.
AB  - Pancreatic endocrine function was studied in 13 patients who had undergone
      massive bowel resection. The patients were divided into two groups: one month
      after operation (short-term group), and three or more months after operation
      (long-term group). Oral administration of glucose caused a persistent low insulin
      secretion in almost all the patients and the glucose tolerance curve showed a
      diabetic pattern in four. In contrast, the insulin response to intravenously
      infused arginine was impaired in the short-term group, but was at an
      approximately normal level in the long-term group. Pancreatic glucagon response
      to intravenous arginine, however, remained unchanged in both groups. Interruption
      of the enteroinsular axis as the result of massive bowel resection probably plays
      a major part in this discrepancy of the behaviour of insulin in the long-term
      group.

PMID- 387545
TI  - Familial ovarian cancer.

PMID- 387542
TI  - Chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer: a controlled, prospective, randomised
      multi-centre study.
AB  - Seventy-six patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma were studied in a
      prospecitive, randmoised, controlled trial using vincristine, methotrexate,
      cyclophosphamide, and 5-fluorouracil in an initiation course and mitomycin-C with
      5-fluorouracil as maintenance therapy. Thirty-seven patients were inoperable and
      39 had the primary tumour resected with histological evidence of residual
      disease. Survival in the inoperable group was short and showed no significant
      difference between treated and control patients. The median survival times for
      treated and control groups were 9.5 and 9.0 weeks respectively. In the resected
      patients there was no difference in ultimate overall survival between the groups
      but up to 20 weeks there was a suggestion that the probability of survival in
      treated patients was higher (P = 0.06). The patients were well-matched and it is
      concluded that chemotherapy has had an early effect but that a further trial with
      more detailed stratification, particularly of staging and histological grade, is
      needed. No patient received treatment for longer than two years and unacceptable
      toxicity occurred in only two patients. Nausea occurred more frequently in the
      treated group but was short-lived and clinically manageable.

PMID- 387544
TI  - Urinary undiversion: use in management of radiation induced bladder fistula.

PMID- 387547
TI  - The inhibitory effect of PGI2 (prostacyclin) on white platelet arterial thrombus
      formation.
AB  - Prostaglandins play an important role in the platelet-vessel wall interactions.
      Superfusion with PGI2 of arterial segments prepared in an in vivo model for
      thrombus induction resulted in a very marked dose-effect-related decrease of
      white arterial thrombus formation.

PMID- 387546
TI  - Estrogen receptors and blood hormone levels in endometrial carcinoma.

PMID- 387549
TI  - [The preleukemic syndrome].

PMID- 387548
TI  - [Acute renal failure and hypocomplementemia associated with Salmonella
      typhimurium infection].

PMID- 387550
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment in case of chronic diarrhea in children].

PMID- 387551
TI  - Professor Stanislaw Grzycki, M.D. (1910--1978).

PMID- 387552
TI  - In memory of Adam Bochenek M.D., professor of the Jagiellonian University (1875-
      1913). On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of issue of "Human Anatomy",
      volume I.

PMID- 387553
TI  - Tadeusz Wasilewski's lecture hall.

PMID- 387554
TI  - Absence of mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium of some impurities found
      in saccharin.

PMID- 387555
TI  - Critical review of the toxicology of coumarin with special reference to
      interspecies differences in metabolism and hepatotoxic response and their
      significance to man.

PMID- 387556
TI  - Genetic effects of formaldehyde.

PMID- 387557
TI  - Lysinoalanine utilization by Erwinia chrysanthemi and Escherichia coli.

PMID- 387558
TI  - [Extension of graft survival time by means of a modification of the treatment
      with autologous blood].
AB  - A modification of the therapy with patients' own blood was achieved by the
      application of blood components together with an adjuvant. In a defined
      experimental rat model it was to be clarified whether it is possible to sensitize
      animals with an antibody directed against skin together with an adjuvant, in
      order to produce an anti-antibody, which is able to protect a consecutive skin
      graft from rejection. In a similar way animals were sensitized with cells from
      rats previously immunized against skin from the donor. By this treatment it is
      possible to improve survival time of skin grafts. Whereas the prolongation of
      survival time after pretreatment with skin antibodies can be explained by an anti
      antibody, which was found in the serum of the animals, such an anti-antibody
      could not be detected in the serum of animals, pretreated with "sensitized"
      cells. Possibly the treatment with cells induces an unspecific effect, which can
      be achieved also with normal cells. It is conceivable that this principle of the
      prolongation of skin graft survival time by immunization with certain components
      of the blood is not only useful in transplantation immunology, but also in other
      diseases, i.e. autoimmune diseases or allergic reactions.

PMID- 387559
TI  - Current adjuvant trials in colorectal cancer.

PMID- 387560
TI  - Chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

PMID- 387561
TI  - A review of the value of radiation therapy for adenocarcinoma of the rectum and
      sigmoid.

PMID- 387562
TI  - [Dr. Petr Truhlar, on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 387564
TI  - [Effectiveness of a non-steroidal antirheumatic agent in the repeated treatment
      of progressive polyarthritis with the same drug].

PMID- 387563
TI  - [Differences in the effectiveness of ketoprofen administered per os and per
      rectum].

PMID- 387565
TI  - Effect of dexamethsone on luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone
      responses to LHRH and to clomiphene in the follicular phase of women with normal
      menstrual cycles.
AB  - In an attempt to elucidate the mechanism of suppressive action of glucocorticoids
      on the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis, we studied the effects of short-term
      high dose dexamethasone administration of the LH and FSH responses to LHRH and to
      clomiphene in healthy women with normal menstrual cycles. Seven women, 21--35
      years of age, received 100 micrograms of LHRH i.v. on day 6 of two consecutive
      menstrual cycles, once with and once without pre-treatment with dexamethasone 2
      mg orally every 6 hrs. on days 2 through 5 of the menstrual cycle. Seven other
      women (ages 21--35 years) received clomiphene citrate 100 mg on days 2 through 5
      of their menstrual cycle, once with and once without simultaneous administration
      of dexamethasone 2 mg orally every 6 h. The administration of dexamethasone
      suppressed baseline serum levels of LH and FSH and blunted LH and FSH response to
      both LHRH and clomiphene. The results indicate that short-term administration of
      pharmacological doses of glucocorticoids suppress the secretion of LH and FSH by
      a direct effect on the anterior pituitary and possibly by an effect at the
      hypothalamic level with inhibition of the release of LHRH.

PMID- 387566
TI  - Arginine-induced secretion of insulin and glucagon in rats with experimental
      hyperammonemia.

PMID- 387567
TI  - Glucagon secretion in chronic pancreatitis.
AB  - Plasma insulin, pancreatic glucagon and immunoreactive glucagon-like polypeptide
      of intestinal origin (enteroglucagon) have been measured in 10 patients with
      chronic pancreatitis and 5 normal subjects. Basal levels and changes following
      oral glucose (50 g) and an intravenous infusion of arginine (25 g in 30 min) have
      been studied. In patients with chronic pancreatitis the plasma insulin response
      to oral glucose and intravenous arginine was reduced. Basal pancreatic glucagon
      was increased in the patients and increased further with oral glucose. During an
      arginine infusion the pancreatic glucagon showed a brisk early increase greater
      than that seen in the normal subjects. Basal enteroglucagon levels were
      significantly increased in chronic pancreatitis but response to orla glucose and
      arginine infusion were little different from those seen in the normal subjects.

PMID- 387568
TI  - Benzylidenemalononitrile derivatives as substrates and inhibitors of a new
      NAD(P)H dehydrogenase of erythrocytes. Purification and crystallisation of two
      forms of the enzyme.
AB  - Using the powerful lachrymator (2-chlorobenzylidene)malononitrile as electron
      acceptor, two types of NAD(P)H dehydrogenases have been isolated from human
      blood. Crystallisation of the homogenous enzymes was performed in 50%
      polyethylene glycol solution. The enzymes (average molecular weight 18 000) are
      composed of only one polypeptide chain and have a very similar amino acid
      composition. B-side stereospecificity was determined with respect to the cofactor
      by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the reductase. Besides (2
      chlorobenzylidene)malononitrile, 2,6-dichloroindophenol, methylene blue, 4
      benzoquinone, FMN and FAD are also reduced using NADH or NADPH as hydrogen donor
      with the rates decreasing in the given order. Reduction of methemoglobin is
      observed only upon addition of methylene blue, FMN or FAD as carriers. (2
      Chlorobenzylidene)malononitrile reduction is inhibited by most of the compounds
      known to be decouplers of oxidative phosphorylation.

PMID- 387569
TI  - Degradation of even-numbered reduced and non-reduced hyaluronate oligosaccharides
      with D-glucuronic acid or N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as non-reducing terminal by
      chondroitin ABC and AC lyases.
AB  - Chondroitin ABC and AC lyases split hexosaminidic linkages in
      galactosaminoglycans and hyaluronic acid. Even-numbered oligosaccharides from
      hyaluronic acid with either D-glucuronic acid or N-acetylglucosamine in non
      reducing position were used, prior to and after reduction with sodium
      borohydride, as substrates for chondroitin ABC and AC lyases. These substrates
      allowed elucidation of the effects of the nearest neighborhood of the bond to be
      split on the action of the enzymes. The results indicate that chondroitin ABC
      lyase acts strictly as an endolyase towards hyaluronate and requires the presence
      of a disaccharide in both reducing and non-reducing positions of the
      endohexosaminidic bond to be split. None of the hexosaminidic bonds of the
      tetrasaccharide GlcNAc-GlcUA-GlcNAc-GlcUA is split by chondroitin ABC lyase. In
      contrast chondroitin AC lyase acts also as an exoglycosidase towards hyaluronate
      and recognizes only the amino sugar and the uronic acid residue that are linked
      via the hexosaminidic bond which is split. Thus, the N-acetylglucosamine and
      glucuronic acid residues at both ends of a tetrasaccharide with the structure
      GlcNAc-GlcUA-GlcNAc-GlcUA are liberated.

PMID- 387570
TI  - Amino acid sequences of the tryptic peptides from carboxymethylated L
      asparaginase from Escherichia coli.
AB  - S-Carboxymethylated L-asparaginase was digested with trypsin and the resulting
      peptides were isolated by using gel filtration, ion exchange column
      chromatography and paper chromatography. Among the peptides thus isolated, 27
      peptides were considered not to overlap and the sum of the amino acids from these
      27 peptides is in good agreement with amino acid composition of the enzyme. The
      amino acid sequences of the peptides were determined by fragmentation with
      various enzymes and subtractive Edman degradation.

PMID- 387571
TI  - U.S. court stops HEW's selection of intermediary.

PMID- 387572
TI  - Warner heart oration (1978). Circulatory adaptations in chronic severe anaemia.

PMID- 387573
TI  - [Clinico-pathological correlations in lupus nephritis with reference to
      therapeutic and prognostic aspects (author's transl)].
AB  - Since 1970 in 27 out of 46 patients with the diagnosis of systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE) a renal biopsy could be taken. The morphological outcome was
      followed in 14 patients with a total of 18 repeated biopsies. By light- and
      electron microscopy renal involvement was demonstrable in all patients. Four
      histologic subgroups could be differentiated: Mesangio-proliferative (MESLN, 14),
      focal proliferative (FLN, 6), diffus proliferative (DLN, 6), and membranous lupus
      nephritis (MLN, 1). Some biopsies demonstrated linear deposits with IgG/IgA
      specificity. 2/27 patients only showed a clinical deteriorating course with
      progressive renal insufficiency despite steroid or steroid-azathioprine therapy.
      One patient with DLN died in terminal renal failure. The morphological follow-up
      showed an unfavourable course in 3/14 patients only. One MESLN demonstrated a
      transition to DLN, one DLN an increase of proliferative lesions and a second DLN
      focal and local sclerosis. In our experience renal involvement in SLE can
      adequately characterised and controlled by repeated be clinico-pathological
      correlations an aggressive therapeutic regimen is not indicated and can be
      avoided.

PMID- 387574
TI  - [Nuclease-antibodies in infections with Serratia marcescens (author's transl)].
AB  - A total of 467 presumable healthy men of age eighteen yielded titres of anti
      serratia-nuclease that ranged from 1:4 to 1:6. One third of 56 patients, who had
      been infected with Serratia marcescens (urinary-, wound-, respiratory-infections,
      and bacteremia) yielded raised anti-nuclease titres, which amounted maximaly
      1:16. The diagnostic utility of this serological test was discussed.

PMID- 387575
TI  - Lytic and non-lytic activity associated with clonally distinct IgG antibodies.

PMID- 387576
TI  - On the structure of the capsular polysaccharide from Cryptococcus neoformans
      serotype C--II.

PMID- 387577
TI  - Cellular co-operation in the production of human leucocyte inhibitory factor by
      lymphocyte subpopulations stimulated with antigens and allogeneic cells.
AB  - The ability of antigens and allogeneic cells to induce lymphokine synthesis and
      cellular co-operation in lymphokine production was investigated. Human peripheral
      blood lymphocytes were separated into T- and B-cell populations by sheep red
      blood cell rosette formation and centrifugation on Ficoll--Isopaque. The cells
      were then stimulated with PPD, SK-SD, candida and with allogeneic cells. The
      presence of leucocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) in the culture supernatants was
      tested by the agarose migration method. The results indicated that T lymphocytes
      produced LIF after stimulation with antigens and allogeneic cells. In addition, B
      cells responded to PPD. Except for PPD the stimulants did not induce significant
      T-cell LIF production in the absence of monocytes. Only autologous monocytes
      enhanced LIF synthesis after antigenic stimulation, whereas in mixed lymphocyte
      cultures allogeneic monocytes were as effective as autologous ones. The monocyte
      helper effect was mediated by soluble factors in mixed lymphocyte cultures and by
      soluble factors and direct cell--cell contact in antigen-stimulated cultures. No
      co-operation between T and B lymphocytes was found. B cells did not enhance LIF
      production by T cells, nor could T cells induce a B-cell response to antigens or
      allogeneic cells.

PMID- 387578
TI  - Homogeneous immunoglobulins in the serum of irradiated and bone marrow
      reconstituted mice: the role of thymus and spleen.
AB  - The influence of thymectomy and splenectomy on the frequency and class
      distribution of homogeneous immunoglobulins (H-Ig) in serum was studied in
      lethally irradiated (DBA/2 x C57Bl/Rij)F1 mice reconstituted with syngeneic bone
      marrow. During four follow-up periods in the first 9 months after
      transplantation, the sham-operated controls and splenectomized animals developed
      transient H-Ig in an average frequency of 14.2 and 15.7% respectively. There were
      no marked differences in the incidence of H-Ig within these two groups. In
      contrast, thymectomized mice and mice both thymectomized and splenectomized
      showed H-Ig in much higher frequencies (average percentages 31.6 and 36.5,
      respectively). The highest frequency of H-Ig was observed between 1.5 and 3.5
      months after transplantation. H-Ig of the IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses were most
      frequent in all groups during the first 3.5 months. Later, H-Ig belonging to the
      IgM class also appeared in somewhat higher numbers. H-Ig of the IgA class was a
      very rare finding at any time. These results indicate that the presence of the
      thymus, but not necessarily of the spleen, is an important factor in the
      regulation of the immunoglobulin heterogeneity during the reconstitution of the
      immune system in lethally irradiated and bone marrow reconstituted mice.

PMID- 387579
TI  - Effect of sucrose solution on stationary & log-phase diploid yeast: shock
      excretion of UV absorbing cell constituents & modification of radiation
      sensitivity.

PMID- 387580
TI  - Effect of egg-white & avidin on the growth of Aspergillus nidulans & on its
      proteases & NADP-GDH.

PMID- 387582
TI  - Urea and electrolyte studies in albino rats in Plasmodium berghei infection.

PMID- 387581
TI  - Hepatitis B virus infection in a renal unit in India.

PMID- 387583
TI  - A comparative study of loop smears and copper device smears.

PMID- 387585
TI  - Moorcroft: the first modern eye-surgeon in Punjab.

PMID- 387584
TI  - Use of leukocyte adherence inhibition test to study the cell mediated antitumour
      immunity in cancer patients.

PMID- 387586
TI  - [Prevention by pit and fissure sealants].

PMID- 387587
TI  - [Comparative study of the diffusion in the gingival fluid and saliva of different
      antibiotics].

PMID- 387588
TI  - [Transversal expansion. The orthopedic effect of the quad helix].

PMID- 387589
TI  - Immune labeling of certain strains of Actinomyces naeslundii and Actinomyces
      viscosus by fluorescence and electron microscopy.
AB  - A total of 12 well-characterized strains of Actinomyces viscosus and A.
      naeslundii grown on Trypticase soy agar plates supplemented with sheep
      erythrocytes were examined by light microscopy and transmission electron
      microscopy after treatment with appropriately labeled antisera to homologous and
      heterologous strains. Cells incubated with homologous rabbit antisera followed by
      fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G
      (IgG) exhibited a completely smooth fluorescent outline in the case of A.
      naeslundii and and interrupted, irregular fluorescent outline in the case of
      human strains of A. viscosus. The different labeling patterns appeared to be
      related to the presence at the ultrastructural level of long, unevenly
      distributed strands of "fuzz" on the surface of human A. viscosus cells, whereas
      A. naeslundii cells had a narrower layer of fuzz, or more even thickness. The
      immunocoating reaction revealed homologous antibody binding to the irregular
      strands of fuzz on the surface of human A. viscosus cells, whereas homologous
      antisera to A. naeslundii coated A. naeslundii cells with a moderately electron
      dense coating of antibody of even thickness. Human strains of A. viscosus
      incubated with heterologous antiserum to A. naeslundii followed by FITC-labeled
      goat anti-rabbit IgG exhibited a segmented fluorescent outline, which differed
      from that produced with homologous antisera. A. naeslundii incubated with
      heterologous rabbit antisera to human A. viscosus strains and FITC-labeled anti
      rabbit IgG exhibited a completely smooth fluorescent outline similar to that
      produced with homologous antiserum. A. viscosus strains of hamster origin
      differed from A. viscosus strains of human origin by the absence of a surface
      fuzz and the comparatively smooth, even fluorescence produced by incubating these
      cells with homologous rabbit antiserum followed by FITC-labeled goat anti-rabbit
      IgG. Antiserum to a hamster strain did not cross-react with A. naeslundii or
      human strains of A. viscosus. Under the growth conditions of this experiment,
      ultrastructural features and labeling patterns with the indirect fluorescent
      technique may be useful in differentiating these serotypes from one another.

PMID- 387590
TI  - Nonspecific T-lymphocyte mitogenesis by pyrogenic exotoxins from group A
      streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - Group A streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins types A, B, and C and staphylococcal
      pyrogenic exotoxin were shown to be potent nonspecific T-lymphocyte mitogens.
      Adherent cell populations did not significantly affect the nonspecific
      mitogenicity.

PMID- 387591
TI  - Hormonal and type-dependent adhesion of group B streptococci to human vaginal
      cells.
AB  - Adhesion of group B streptococci to epithelial cells of the human vagina proved
      to be type dependent and to fluctuate during the menstrual cycle with a maximum
      near the time of ovulation. Oral contraception completely abolished the observed
      cyclic changes. Reduced serum levels of luteinizing hormones (less than 5 mIU/ml)
      and of follicle-stimulating hormone (less than 10 mIU/ml) were associated with a
      10-fold reduction in adhesion of B streptococci to vaginal cells.

PMID- 387592
TI  - Immunotherapy of guinea pigs with a transplanted hepatoma: comparison of
      intralesionally administered killed BCG cells and BCG cell walls.
AB  - Heat-killed whole BCG cells (KC) and BCG cell walls (CW) were each tested in
      emulsified form for their potency to cause regression of a transplanted guinea
      pig hepatoma. On a weight basis, KC were at least as effective as CW in causing
      tumor regression and elimination of microscopic lymph node metastasis, and they,
      as well as purified protein derivative of mycobacteria, provoked delayed
      cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in animals immunized with CW or with KC. On
      a weight basis, KC were as active as CW in eliciting delayed cutaneous
      hypersensitivity in sensitized guinea pigs whether the animals were immunized
      with CW or with KC. In unimmunized animals the inflammatory response to
      intradermally administered KC was similar to that induced by CW. Because KC are
      easier to prepare than CW, it is suggested that whole killed BCG might be used
      instead of CW in clinical trials of cancer treatment requiring administration of
      nonliving mycobacteria.

PMID- 387593
TI  - Inhibition by human serum of lymphocyte proliferation stimulated by purified
      protein derivative of tuberculin and bacillus Calmette-Guerin.
AB  - The addition of normal human serum to murine lymphocyte cultures consistently
      depressed mitogen-induced transformation, as measured by deoxyribonucleic acid
      synthesis. Stimulation by the B-cell mitogens purified protein derivative
      tuberculin, bacillus Calmette-Guerin, and lipopolysaccharide was consistently
      affected, but there was no inhibition of T-cells when human serum was added to
      concanavalin A-stimulated cultures. The inhibitory effects were not due to
      cytotoxic factors for B-lymphocytes or to specific antibodies in serum directed
      against the mitogens. Analogous results were found with guinea pig serum. Contact
      of the lymphocytes with the serum within the first 24 h of culture was necessary
      for inhibition.

PMID- 387594
TI  - Lipid composition and activity of a lytic factor isolated from Plasmodium
      berghei.
AB  - A fraction was obtained from Plasmodium berghei which induced hemolysis of the
      erythrocytes of mice and hamsters. This fraction, called lytic factor (LF), was
      found to be composed of a large amount of lipid material. An examination of the
      lipids showed the major lipids to be monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides,
      fatty acids, long-chain alcohol, sterol, sterol ester, sterol glycoside, and two
      cerebrosides. The most abundant component found in the LF was sterol ester,
      followed in order by cerebrosides, sterol, and sterol glycoside. Lytic activity
      was found to be lost when samples were boiled for 5 min. An examination of the
      lipid composition of LF before and after boiling showed changes which may be
      useful in studies on the mechanism of activity of this factor. The fatty acid
      composition of the total lipid fraction of LF was examined by gas-liquid
      chromatography. The major fractions were 18:1 and 16:0 in unheated LF and 16:0 in
      the heated LF.

PMID- 387595
TI  - Guinea pig lung lavage cells after intranasal BCG sensitization.
AB  - Recent studies have suggested that intranasal administration of antigen can
      induce local cell-mediated immunity in lung lavage cells. The present study was
      designed to examine the changes in composition of lung lavage cells and their
      capacity to produce the lymphokine migration inhibitory factor after intranasal
      immunization with BCG in guinea pigs. Results indicate that guinea pigs responded
      to respiratory tract BCG infection with an increase in immunocompetent cells in
      the bronchoalveolar tract and with production of migration inhibitory factor.
      After local pulmonary BCG administration, the total number of cells increased as
      compared with that of the uninfected animals, the increase being statistically
      significant within 2 weeks. This marked increase in the total cell population is
      due to a more than doubling of the number of macrophages in the lavage fluid.
      Animals also developed at this time positive delayed hypersensitivity to
      intradermally administered purified protein derivative. A significant increase in
      the total lymphoid cells and macrophage population was observed again at 6 weeks
      after sensitization, suggesting that the response is biphasic in nature. At 6
      weeks, however, there was also a significant rise in total lymphocytes and T cell
      population in addition to macrophage numbers. This increase in T cells correlated
      with an increase in production of migration inhibitory factor in the presence of
      purified protein derivative. These data suggest that the immune response of the
      respiratory tract after BCG challenge involves increased recruitment of
      immunocompetent cells locally at the site of infection and that these cells are
      capable of producing effector molecules in terms of the elaboration of migration
      inhibitory factor.

PMID- 387596
TI  - Immunization with major outer membrane proteins in experimental salmonellosis of
      mice.
AB  - Porin (outer membrane protein) preparations extracted from a rough (Rb2) mutant
      of Salmonella typhimurium proved to be good immunogens in mice and rabbits. The
      antibody response achieved was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent
      assay techniques. High titers of both antiporin and antilipopolysaccharide were
      detected in both species. The rabbit antiserum raised against the porins and the
      porin preparations themselves had a highly significant protective capacity
      against intraperitoneal Salmonella infection of mice. Absorption of the rabbit
      antiporin serum with lipopolysaccharide immunosorbent did not change its
      protective capacity in a passive immunization experiment, suggesting that the
      antiporin antibody preparations were the active components.

PMID- 387597
TI  - Artificial Salmonella vaccines: O-antigenic oligosaccharide-protein conjugates
      induce protection against infection with Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Outbred mice were vaccinated with various artificial Salmonella vaccines and
      subsequently challenged intraperitoneally with graded doses of virulent
      Salmonella typhimurium. The Salmonella vaccines used were: (i) octasaccharide,
      obtained by hydrolysis of the O-antigenic polysaccharide chain of S. typhimurium
      strain SH 4809 with phage P22-associated endo-rhamnosidase and covalently linked
      to either diphtheria toxin or edestine; (ii) purified outer membrane proteins
      (porins) from S. typhimurium; and (iii) octasaccharide covalently linked to
      porins. All vaccines induced significant protection against experimental
      infection of mice with S. typhimurium. However, vaccination with the
      octasaccharide-porin conjugate resulted in better protection than that obtained
      by vaccination with octasaccharide or porin vaccines separately. Rabbit
      antibodies raised against the different vaccines were also passively administered
      intravenously to mice. Such mice were protected against challenge with virulent
      S. typhimurium by antibodies specific for the S. typhimurium O-antigen or for the
      porins. Thus, active immunization with more than one surface component of
      Salmonella bacteria improved the efficacy of the vaccine. The data from the
      passive immunization experiments also emphasized the role of humoral immunity for
      protection against S. typhimurium infection.

PMID- 387598
TI  - Immune response to Escherichia coli B surface antigens.
AB  - The cell surface antigens of Escherichia coli B were investigated. We found that
      mice immunized with live bacteria responded with an immune response directed
      mainly against the protein structure of the cell surface. The lipopolysaccharide
      component of the bacterium was immunogenic, but its contribution to the overall
      response was only secondary. It is suggested that when considering the immune
      response to gram-negative bacteria, more attention should be given to the protein
      antigens.

PMID- 387599
TI  - Purification and partial characterization of heat-stable enterotoxin of
      enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
AB  - Heat-stable enterotoxin was purified from a strain of enterotoxigenic Escherichia
      coli 53402 A-1 from human intestine. The cells were cultured in Casamino Acids
      yeast extract-salts medium, and the purification procedure consisted of protamine
      sulfate treatment of the culture supernatant, ultrafiltration with an Amicon PM
      10 membrane, diethylaminoethyl-cellulose column chromatography, hydroxyapatite
      column chromatography, Bio-Gel P-10 gel filtration, 90% ethanol extraction, and
      preparative polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. About 300-fold purification
      was achieved, with a yield of about 12%. However, the homogeneity of the purified
      heat-stable enterotoxin was not rigorously demonstrated. The purified heat-stable
      enterotoxin had an absorption maximum at about 275 nm, and its isoelectric point
      was about 3.90. The molecular weight of the purified heat-stable enterotoxin was
      ca. 4,000 by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. The minimum effective dose of
      purified heat-stable enterotoxin was about 2.5 ng in the suckling mouse assay.
      The purified heat-stable enterotoxin gave a positive reaction in not only the
      suckling mouse assay but also the mouse intestinal loop test and the guinea pig
      skin permeability test.

PMID- 387600
TI  - Experimental cryptococcosis in normal and B-cell-deficient mice.
AB  - B-cell-deficient mice were prepared by administration of rabbit anti-mouse-mu
      antiserum to newborn animals within 12 h of birth onwards. Such immunodeficient
      animals, along with the normal controls, were infected intravenously with
      Cryptococcus neoformans. There was no difference in the mortality pattern, viable
      count of cryptococci in different organs, delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction,
      and antigen level in the sera of control and B-cell-deficient animals. Antibodies
      were absent in B-cell-deficient animals but were present in low titers in control
      animals. It is concluded that antibodies are not involved in protection of mice
      infected with C. neoformans.

PMID- 387601
TI  - Use of ganglioside affinity filters to identify toxigenic strains of Clostridium
      botulinum types C and D.
AB  - Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin is synthesized by toxic clones grown
      anaerobically on ganglioside affinity filters. The toxin binds to the filters and
      is detected by reaction with 125I-immunoglobulin G from type-specific antitoxin.
      Toxin spots from culture filtrates were similarly identified. The C. botulinum
      type C and D strains were selected for developing this affinity filter assay
      because synthesis of the C1 and D toxins is bacteriophage dependent. Toxigenic
      clones were distinguished from prophage-cured atoxigenic derivatives. These
      studies represent a first step toward the development of a general nonbiological
      screening procedure for identifying botulinal toxin and toxigenic cells. The
      affinity filter methodology should facilitate genetic analysis of the basis of C.
      botulinum toxicity.

PMID- 387602
TI  - Macrophage dysfunction after burn injury.
AB  - The phagocytic and microbicidal activities of alveolar and peritoneal macrophages
      were evaluated 4 and 24 h after a full-thickness scald burn of 26 to 28% body
      surface area in anesthetized rats. The contribution of serum factors to the
      macrophage functions was studied concurrently. The phagocytic activity of
      alveolar macrophages obtained 4 or 24 postburn was reduced approximately 65%
      below control values when they were incubated in media containing autologous
      serum and approximately 45% (below controls) when they were incubated in media
      containing normal (control) serum. A similar, although not as marked, decrease in
      the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages was also demonstrated. Serum
      obtained from rats 4 or 24 h postburn had a significant suppressive effect on the
      phagocytic activity of control alveolar, but not peritoneal, macrophages. The
      intracellular microbicidal activity of peritoneal macrophages obtained at the
      postburn intervals and incubated in media containing either autologous or control
      serum was unaltered from control values. However, alveolar macrophages obtained
      24 h, but not 4 h, postburn had a significant (approximately 80%) increase, above
      control values, in their microbicidal activity. Serum obtained 24 h, but not 4 h,
      postburn stimulated control alveolar macrophage killing ability. These data
      indicate that thermal injury induces a defect in the phagocytic activity rather
      than the microbicidal activity of macrophages. This phagocytic alteration is
      mediated, in part, by serum.

PMID- 387603
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of two different heat-stable enterotoxins
      produced by bovine and porcine strains of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
AB  - Heat-stable enterotoxins (ST-124 and ST-1261) have been isolated from two
      different enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli of bovine (124) and porcine (1261)
      origin. The enterotoxin preparations were isolated by ultrafiltration and ion
      exchange chromatography and were both active in the suckling mouse test and pig
      ligated loop test in the nanogram range. The bovine (ST-124) enterotoxin was not
      stable to heating in its isolated form, and significant differences in amino acid
      composition were observed between the two enterotoxins. Although both toxins were
      active at similar levels in the suckling mouse and pig ligated loop tests, ST-124
      lacked the ability to cause the profound secretory responses seen with ST-1261 in
      the weanling pig ligated loop.

PMID- 387604
TI  - Immunogenicity of soluble versus cellular glycerol teichoic acid.
AB  - Guinea pigs which were injected with either whole bacilli or purified soluble
      glycerol teichoic acid (GTA) usually exhibited a rise in hemolysin titer to GTA
      coated erythrocytes. The only exceptions were those animals having high baseline
      titers of natural anti-GTA antibodies. Rats yielded better responses than guinea
      pigs and produced significantly higher responses to the soluble antigen than to
      the cellular GTA. Rats reared on a GTA-free diet were predominantly free of
      natural antibodies to GTA and furnished a more clear-cut model for assaying
      immune responses. Using this model, it was shown that adsorption of GTA to
      homologous erythrocytes before injection resulted in poor responses, suggesting
      that such spontaneous adsorption does not account for the good responses to
      soluble antigen. In GTA-deprived rats, positive skin tests were induced only with
      bacilli, whereas migration inhibitory factor was induced with both bacilli and
      soluble antigen. Hemolytic plaques in immunized rats were increased over controls
      with both kinds of immunogen, but the GTA-deprived rats responded better than
      conventional ones, and hemolytic plaque responses to bacilli were better than
      those to soluble antigen. This reversal of the serum hemolysin results may be due
      to delayed suppression by soluble GTA or to antibody cycling. The guinea pig
      data, combined with results from GTA-deprived rats, suggest that high antibody
      levels resulted in depressed antibody synthesis, perhaps because antibody cycling
      was initiated. No evidence was found to explain the superior responses to soluble
      antigen, but it did not seem related to formation of immune complexes or
      adsorption to erythrocyte membranes.

PMID- 387605
TI  - Modulation of the immune response to sheep erythrocytes by lipid-free glycerol
      teichoic acid.
AB  - The 4-day response of C3H/HeJ mice to sheep erythrocytes was suppressed by a
      lipid-free teichoic acid with an average molecular weight of 2,900 when it was
      administered by the intraperitoneal route. Enhancement was not observed at that
      time, and neither suppression nor enhancement could be demonstrated by the
      intravenous route. Either suppression or enhancement of background plaques could
      be induced, depending upon the timing. Dosage influenced the degree of
      suppression from 8 to 100 micrograms, whereas suppression of background plaques
      required only 1 microgram of lipid-free teichoic acid. The kinetics of the sheep
      erythrocyte response was altered by treatment of the mice with lipid-free
      teichoic acid, delaying the peak until day 5 and producing enhancement at that
      time. Although lipid-free teichoic acid was shown to be toxic for mouse
      splenocytes (50% lethal dose, ca. 200 micrograms) in vitro, no effect at the
      levels employed was observed in vivo. The data presented indicate that modulatory
      activity is influenced by route, timing, dosage, and apparently the number of
      antibody-secreting cells.

PMID- 387606
TI  - Group B streptococcal type Ia sepsis in mice after intranasal inoculation and the
      effect of infection on lungs.
AB  - The intranasal inoculation of adult mice with saline suspensions of virulent
      group B streptococci serotype Ia resulted in septicemia which was lethal.
      Decreasing the inoculation dose of streptotocci increased the time required for
      their appearance in the blood and the mean time to death of the mice. Before the
      appearance of septicemia, the number of organisms in the lungs decreased to about
      1% of the inoculation dose, and the majority could be recovered by lavage of the
      lungs through the trachea. In contrast, most of the organisms remained in the
      lavaged lungs of bacteremic mice after intranasal or intravenous inoculation.
      Lung surfactant obtained from infected mice was altered by a reduction in lipid
      and by an increase in protein. The organisms in vitro did not attack surfactant
      lipid labeled with [1-14C]palmitic acid, but their pathogenesis in vivo affected
      the permeability of the air-blood barrier, as shown by the leakage into the air
      spaces of plasma albumin labeled by the intravenous injection of Evans blue dye.

PMID- 387607
TI  - Regulation of mitogen- and antigen-stimulated lymphocyte blastogenesis by
      prostaglandins.
AB  - Exogenously added prostaglandin E1 or E2 inhibited the blastogenic response of
      Mycobacterium bovis-sensitized bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated
      with concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, or M. bovis purified protein derivative
      as measured by [3H]thymidine uptake. The kinetics of the response showed that
      prostaglandins must be added to lymphocyte cultures within hours after mitogen or
      antigen addition to achieve maximum suppression of [3H]thymidine uptake. Addition
      of prostaglandins 24 h after the addition of mitogens or antigens resulted in
      considerably less suppression, supporting a hypothesis that prostaglandins
      initiate an early series of events which ultimately control lymphocyte
      blastogenesis rather than directly inhibit deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis.

PMID- 387608
TI  - Binding of lipoteichoic acid of group A streptococci to isolated human
      erythrocyte membranes.
AB  - The spontaneous binding of group A streptococcal lipoteichoic acid (LTA) to
      mammalian cell membranes was studied in isolated membranes of human erythrocytes.
      The binding of radiolabeled LTA to erythrocyte membranes was dependent on
      membrane concentration and time. Binding approached a maximum within 30 min of
      incubation. The bound LTA could be displaced by adding a 50-fold excess of
      unlabeled LTA. The displaced LTA was eluted from a column of Sepharose 6B in a
      position identical to that of authentic LTA, suggesting that binding did not
      alter the size of the molecule. A dissociation constant of 42 micrometers was
      calculated, and only one population of approximately 5.5 X 10(6) binding sites
      per erhtyrocyte membrane was detected. Since these results suggested that
      erythrocyte membranes possess specific binding sites for LTA, an attempt was made
      to localize the putative receptors to the outside or the inside surface of the
      erhtyrocyte membrane. Assays of the binding of LTA to resealed right-side-out and
      inside-out membrane ghosts demonstrated that the outside surface was able to bind
      over 10 times more LTA than the inside surface. These results support the concept
      that the membranes possess specific binding sites for LTA and inciate that these
      binding sites are located almost entirely on the outside surface of erythrocyte
      membranes.

PMID- 387609
TI  - Relationship between the intestinal permeability to macromolecules and invasion
      of septicemia-inducing Escherichia coli in neonatal piglets.
AB  - The influence of age and diet on the invasion of septicemia-inducing Escherichia
      coli and the endocytotic activity of the small intestinal epithelium were
      examined in colostrum-deprived conventional and gnotobiotic piglets orally
      infected with E. coli 078. The piglets infected at birth and the animals fed
      glucose-amino acids solution and infected at 3 days after birth soon suffered
      from septicemia caused by the invasion of E. coli 378. The piglets fed artifical
      milk and infected at 3 days after birth, however, showed resistance to the
      invasion of E. coli in the absence of passively acquired serum gamma globulin.
      The endocytotic activity of the small intestinal epithelium was more intense in
      the former than in the latter piglets. Some of the ileal epithelial cells of the
      piglets infected at birth contained organisms, although these cells were
      morphologically intact and showed intense endocytosis. The present results
      suggest that the intestinal permeability to macromolecules, which depends on the
      endocytotic activity of the small intestinal epithelium, might predispose
      neonatal piglets to colisepticemia.

PMID- 387610
TI  - Effects of low concentrations of zinc on the growth and dimorphism of Candida
      albicans: evidence for zinc-resistant and -sensitive pathways for mycelium
      formation.
AB  - In this analysis we have examined in detail the effects of low concentrations of
      zinc on the growth and dimorphism of Candida albicans. Evidence is presented that
      micromolar concentrations of zinc added to growth cultures grown at 25 degrees C
      (i) cause a twofold increase in the final concentration of spheres at sationary
      phase, (ii) result in an asynchronous block in the budding cycle at stationary
      phase, (iii) completely suppress mycelium formation in two independently isolated
      human strains which produce low but significant levels of mycelia at stationary
      phase, and (iv) completely suppress mycelium formation in cultures of mutant M10,
      in which over 60% of the cells form mycelia at stationary phase. In contrast,
      micromolar concentrations of zinc do not inhibit mycelium formation induced by
      releasing cells from stationary-phase cultures into fresh medium at 37 degrees C.
      In addition, if zinc is present in the growth medium of the initial culture at 25
      degrees C, the average time of subsequent mycelium formation after release into
      fresh medium at 37 degrees C is halved. It is demonstrated that the above effects
      are specific to zinc. The possibility of alterante pathways for mycelium
      formation is suggested, and the medical implications of this possibility are
      discussed.

PMID- 387611
TI  - Interaction of Nocardia asteroides at different phases of growth with in vitro
      maintained macrophages obtained from the lungs of normal and immunized rabbits.
AB  - The interactions of cells of Nocardia asteroides GUH-2 during different stages of
      growth with cultured macrophages obtained from the lungs of nonimmunized and
      immunized rabbits were studied. The nocardial cells from all stages grew
      intracellularly in "normal" alveolar macrophages; however, log-phase cells
      increased in numbers more rapidly than did stationary-phase cells. Macrophages
      obtained from the lungs of specifically immunized rabbits effectively inhibited
      the growth of stationary-phase cells but only temporarily retarded the growth of
      log-phase organisms. Specific antiserum added to the nocardial cells before
      incubation with presensitized macrophages caused enhanced phagocytosis and
      inactivation of the log-phase cells but had no effect on the fate of the
      stationary-phase nocardia. In addition, it was fo-nd that log-phase cells were
      phagocytized less effectively by normal macrophages than were the stationary
      phase cells, and log-phase cells were more toxic to the macrophage monolayer.
      From these data we conclude that secondarily induced macrophages play a major
      role in host resistance to pulmonary nocardial infections, and antibody may be
      important for effective host resistance to the filamentous form of N. asteroides.
      Since the nocardia were able, with time, to overcome these effects, it appears
      that additional host factors (such as T-lymphocytes) must be involved in an
      effective host response to N. asteroides.

PMID- 387612
TI  - Radioimmunoassay for Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide O antigens:
      influence of antigen solubility.
AB  - We have developed a solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique for specific gram
      negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O antigens. The method exploits the
      high-titer, specific immunoglobulin M response of the rabbit to LPS immunization
      to measure as little as 5 ng of homologous LPS per ml with less than 0.5% cross
      reactivity toward heterologous LPS or culture supernatants. We found that O
      antigen in complete LPS was less available for antibody binding than O antigen in
      the soluble polysaccharide derived by mild acid hydrolysis of LPS and that
      triethylamine-induced disaggregation of complete LPS increased its activity in
      the assay. Quantitation of O antigen with the assay was thus influenced by the
      physical state of LPS or "free" O antigen.

PMID- 387613
TI  - Requirements of immunoglobulin and the classical and alternative complement
      pathways for phagocytosis and intracellular killing of multiple strains of Gram
      negative aerobic bacilli.
AB  - The requirements for immunoglobulin and the alternative and classical complement
      pathways for phagocytosis and intracellular killing of clinical isolates of
      Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Serratia
      marcescens by normal human polymorphonuclear leukocytes were determined. Human
      sera deficient in immunoglobulin or classical pathway activity, or both, were
      compared for their ability to promote phagocytosis os and killing of 13 bacterial
      strains by the polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Seven of the thirteen microorganisms
      required immunoglobulin for phagocytosis and killing and utilized only the
      classical complement pathway. Three required immunoglobulin and utilized both the
      classical and alternative pathways. The other three microorganisms required
      minimal immunoglobulin and utilized the alternative or classical pathway, or
      both. None of the microorganisms utilized the alternative pathway in
      immunoglobulin-deficient sera or could be forced to utilize this pathway in sera
      deficient in both immunoglobulin and classical pathway activity. These results
      demonstrated a heterogeneity in the requirements for immunoglobulin and the
      alternative and classical complement pathways for phagocytosis and intracellular
      killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes among various genera of gram-negative
      aerobic bacilli, as well as among strains of the same species. In addition, the
      results suggested that a mechanism of classical pathway activation dependent upon
      minimal immunoglobulin participates in phagocytosis and intracellular killing of
      certain gram-negative aerobic bacilli.

PMID- 387615
TI  - Studies of regional cerebral blood flow.

PMID- 387614
TI  - Severe intracranial hypertension.

PMID- 387616
TI  - Acute brain swelling.

PMID- 387617
TI  - Studies on the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune renal tubulointerstitial
      disease in guinea pigs. VI. Induction of renal lesions by active or passive
      immunization of strain 2 guinea pigs.
AB  - It has been reported that strain 2 guinea pigs do not develop experimental
      autoimmune renal tubulointerstitial disease (RTD) by active or passive
      immunization. Under our experimental conditions strain 2 guinea pigs are
      susceptible to the induction of RTD. Typical moderate to severe renal lesions
      were seen 22 days after immunization with rabbit tubular basement membrane in
      complete Freund's adjuvant. Most Albany strain guinea pigs had severe RTD.
      Susceptibility to induction of RTD by passive transfer of antitubular basement
      membrane autoantibodies was studied in Albany (A) and strain 2 (2) guinea pigs,
      as well as in A leads to A, A leads to 2, and 2 leads to A radiation chimeras.
      Only some strain 2 guinea pigs had mild to severe renal lesions by day 9, but by
      day 19 all had typical histologic renal abnormalities. Albany guinea pigs already
      had moderate to severe RTD by days 9-10. Strain 2 differed from Albany recipients
      by a noticeable delay in the onset of lesions. Bone marrow transplants between
      Albany and strain 2 did not affect these susceptibility differences. A leads to 2
      recipients responded like strain 2, and 2 leads to A like Albany. This indicates
      that the delay of onset of RTD in strain 2 is not a defect in the bone marrow
      derived inflammatory cells.

PMID- 387618
TI  - Modification of hyperacute renal xenograft rejection after extracorporeal
      immunoadsorption of heterospecific antibody.

PMID- 387619
TI  - Amikacin in the treatment of pyelonephritis.

PMID- 387620
TI  - Urticaria/angioedema: a consideration of pathogenesis and clinical
      manifestations.

PMID- 387621
TI  - Perspectives in dermatology: Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia.

PMID- 387622
TI  - Scabies in New Zealand.

PMID- 387623
TI  - Clinico-immunologic correlations in pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid.
AB  - Specific immunopathologic data can be found in 95% of patients with pemphigus
      vulgaris and in 70% of patients with bullous pemphigoid. Antibodies in pemphigus
      vulgaris can belong to different classes of immunoglobulins and can be destroyed
      by immunosuppression. Twenty percent of the pemphigus patients had differing
      results suggesting early recurrence of disease. In patients with bullous
      pemphigoid, there is great variability in anti-basal zone antibodies. When the
      disease clears, there is still a wide range of immunologic patterns.

PMID- 387624
TI  - Savary's 1814 article on the history of pemphigus related to contemporary views.

PMID- 387625
TI  - Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis [proceedings].

PMID- 387626
TI  - Dr. Theodor Von Brand. An appreciation of the man and his work.

PMID- 387627
TI  - Studies on the in vitro effects of bithionol and menichlopholan on flukes of
      Clonorchis sinensis, Metagonimus takahashii and Paragonimus miyazakii.

PMID- 387629
TI  - The influence of oxygen on the survival and yield of DNA double-strand breaks in
      irradiated yeast cells.
AB  - Survival and induction of DNA double-strand breaks were studied in cells of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae irradiated under oxic or anoxic conditions with 30 MeV
      electrons. A linear relationship between DNA double-strand breakage and dose was
      found in both cases. The o.e.r.-value for colony forming ability was found to be
      1.9 +/- 0.2, whereas the o.e.r.-value for DNA double-strand breakage was 3.0 +/-
      0.1. These results are not inconsistent with the idea that DNA double-strand
      breaks are involved in killing of yeast cells. The frequency of induction of DNA
      double-strand breaks was found to be 0.74 x 10(-11) double-strand breaks per
      g/mol per Gy when cells were irradiated under oxygen and 0.24 x 10(-11) double
      strand breaks per g/mol per Gy under nitrogen.

PMID- 387628
TI  - Influence of radiation quality on the effectiveness of small doses for induction
      of reproductive death and chromosome aberrations in mammalian cells.
AB  - An analysis and interpretation is presented of published data concerning the
      dependence of radiobiological effectiveness on the radiation quality of photons,
      neutrons and heavy ions for the induction of these two effects in different types
      of mammalian cell. The results of this analysis suggest that chromosome
      aberrations observable at mitosis show a stronger dependence on YF or LET
      infinity than cell inactivation. At high YF, observable abberrations provide a
      major contribution to cell reproductive death induced by small doses. At low YF
      the effectiveness of small doses for cell death depends mainly on another type of
      damage, possibly also induced in the chromosomes, but not observable at mitosis.
      This type of damage depends less of YF or LET infinity than observable
      aberrations. The implications of these differences in damage in relation to
      radiation quality for the extrapolation of data on other types of damage to small
      doses of interest in radiation protection are discussed in relation to maximum
      r.b.e values observed.

PMID- 387630
TI  - I.J.O. Personalities (Dr. Harry Levy, Jr.).

PMID- 387631
TI  - Clinical implications of mandibular repositioning and the concept of an alterable
      centric relation.

PMID- 387633
TI  - Transfer of heat through animal coats and clothing.

PMID- 387632
TI  - Urid acid accumulated in isolated kidney grafts: an assessment of agonal
      ischaemia.
AB  - Hypoxanthine-xanthine washed out from kidney tissue during preservation has
      previously been found to be a reliable measure of the in vitro assessment of the
      deleterious effect of ischaemia on the functional regenerative ability of the
      graft. We have now studied the question: can uric acid accumulation in the
      isolated kidney graft be employed as a retrospective measure of the agonal
      ischaemia? We have found that uric acid alone accumulates in renal tissue during
      the agonal phase, in an amount that remains unchanged during the subsequent in
      vitro ischaemia. The determination of hypoxanthine-xanthine and uric acid in
      kidney perfusate samples during preservation must thus be presumed to be an
      optimal clinical-chemical method of assessing the graft ischaemia.

PMID- 387634
TI  - Hyperthermia and exercise.

PMID- 387636
TI  - Physiological effects of high altitude on the pulmonary circulation.

PMID- 387635
TI  - Metabolic status during diving and recovery in marine mammals.

PMID- 387637
TI  - Physiological effects of carbon monoxide.

PMID- 387638
TI  - Cold thermogenesis.

PMID- 387639
TI  - Transfer RNA-like structures in viral genomes.

PMID- 387641
TI  - Immunohistochemistry of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-producing neurons
      of the vertebrates.

PMID- 387640
TI  - Fluidity of cell membranes--current concepts and trends.

PMID- 387642
TI  - Cell reparation of non-DNA injury.

PMID- 387643
TI  - Cytoplasmic and cell surface deoxyribonucleic acids with consideration of their
      origin.

PMID- 387644
TI  - Ulstrastructure of the carotid body in the mammals.

PMID- 387646
TI  - [Maldigestion/malabsorption in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency].

PMID- 387645
TI  - Alternatives to classical mitosis in hemopoietic tissues of vertebrates.

PMID- 387648
TI  - [Professional association of German internists].

PMID- 387649
TI  - [Problems in symptomatic therapy of rheumatic diseases with glucocorticoids and
      nonsteroidal antirheumatic agents].

PMID- 387647
TI  - [Concomitant pancreatitis].

PMID- 387650
TI  - [Postoperative course of rheumatic diseases treated by synovectomy].

PMID- 387651
TI  - [Synoviorthesis in chronic arthritis].

PMID- 387652
TI  - [Hematin in the treatment of acute hepatic porphyrias].

PMID- 387653
TI  - Current concepts in congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

PMID- 387654
TI  - Alfred Fournier (1832--1914).

PMID- 387656
TI  - Blood transfusion and the transplant recipient. A suggested approach to the
      dilemma.

PMID- 387655
TI  - Detection of IgG antibodies specific for measles virus by enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
AB  - A solid-phase, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for determination of IgG
      antibodies against measles virus is described. The assay utilized antigen-coated
      polystyrene microplates. The antigen consisted of a sonicated extract of measles
      infected Vero cells. Goat and anti-human IgG-peroxidase conjugate was used to
      detect human IgG bound to viral antigen. Sera taken from 63 healthy adults, 11
      young children and 36 patients were evaluated for their IgG titer against measles
      virus. Comparison of results obtained by ELISA with those obtained by
      hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) assay or by complement fixation showed good
      agreement between the tests. The geometric mean titer (GMT) for healthy adults
      was 753 for ELISA and 32.8 for HI. If these averages are taken as a measure of
      comparison, then ELISA is approximately 23 times more sensitive than HI. ELISA
      technique is rapid to perform and could be recommended for routine diagnosis.

PMID- 387657
TI  - Science education for women in antebellum America.

PMID- 387658
TI  - Joseph Schiller 1906-1977.

PMID- 387659
TI  - Walter Fletcher, F. G. Hopkins, and the Dunn Institute of Biochemistry: a case
      study in the patronage of science.

PMID- 387660
TI  - The Victorian conflict between science and religion: a professional dimension.

PMID- 387661
TI  - Darwin's illness.

PMID- 387662
TI  - Georg Cantor: the personal matrix of his mathematics.

PMID- 387663
TI  - From association to Gestalt: the fate of Hermann Lotze's theory of spatial
      perception, 1846-1920.

PMID- 387664
TI  - The sensory core and the medieval foundations of early modern perceptual theory.

PMID- 387665
TI  - Al-Farabi on extramission, intromission, and the use of platonic visual theory.

PMID- 387666
TI  - One hundred fourth critical bibliography of the history of science and its
      cultural influences (to January 1979).

PMID- 387667
TI  - "What you give away, you keep forever" (Dr. Rogers Lee Hill).

PMID- 387668
TI  - The surgical treatment of extratemporal facial paralysis: an overview.
AB  - At present there is no single surgical approach that is ideally suited to
      rehabilitation of the paralyzed face. Dynamic reconstruction and neural
      reconstitution are usually preferred to static methods, except under special
      circumstances. Experience with over 150 autogenous facial-nerve grafts using
      epineural suture technique has resulted in return of movement in 95% of properly
      selected patients. When grafting is not feasible, as in the obliterated central
      facial nerve, hypoglossal-facial-nerve crossover is a simple and powerful source
      of reinnervation, usually resulting in minimal intraoral crippling and mild mass
      movement. A newer procedure, the cross-face nerve graft, is an alternative to
      hypoglossal crossover, although it results in less axonal input and longer
      regenerative time. In cases of long-standing facial paralysis with muscle
      atrophy, temporalis and masseter transfers are dependable and may sometimes be
      combined with a nerve graft.

PMID- 387670
TI  - Prosthetic management of the maxillectomy patient.
AB  - If maximal preservation of appearance and function are to be achieved for the
      maxillectomy patient, preoperative dental impressions should be obtained, and
      clear communication should be established between the surgeon and the
      prosthodontist. The immediate surgical splint, which can be used for edentulous
      as well as dentulous patients, provides numerous advantages for the patient and
      the surgeon. Surgical procedures that enhance the fit and comfort of a prosthesis
      include (1) making the mucosal incision 0.5 cm lateral to the bony cut, (2)
      extracting the first tooth on the resected side before making the bony cut, (3)
      preserving the premaxillary segment, (4) creating a skin-graft mucosal-scar band,
      (5) removing the entire velum when the surgical procedure requires resection of
      more than one-half of the velum, and (6) evaluating the possible removal of the
      coronoid process.

PMID- 387669
TI  - Skin-graft reconstruction in carcinoma of the tongue.
AB  - The use of quilted grafts in the treatment of minimally infiltrative carcinoma of
      the tongue is described. Results are assessed in terms of therapeutic
      effectiveness and functional adequacy. This single-stage graft procedure is
      compared to multistage flap reconstruction as well as to direct suture. We
      conclude that, with careful selection of patients, the method is a satisfactory
      one.

PMID- 387672
TI  - Testing for bacteriuria by home culturing in preschool girls.
AB  - Home urine culture in dipslide was performed in 297 preschool girls. Results
      correlated well with those of cultures at the medical office, specially if
      midstream urine was used. This method proved to be an inexpensive, reliable (100%
      sensitivity) technique for detecting significant bacteriuria in preschool girls.
      False-positive tests occurred in 22 cases.

PMID- 387671
TI  - Aspergillus in the lung.
AB  - There is an increasing incidence of deep mycotic infections. The initial clue to
      the diagnosis is often radiologic. It is important therefore for the radiologist
      to be aware of these infections and the setting in which they occur, e.g.,
      allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in the asthmatic person, invasive
      aspergilliosis in the immune compromised host, and aspergilloma in cavitary lung
      disease. In so doing he can alert the clinician to the possibility of a mycotic
      infection and thus initiate further investigation to confirm the diagnosis.

PMID- 387673
TI  - Mutagenicity of radiations at low doses.

PMID- 387674
TI  - Streptomycin dependence.

PMID- 387675
TI  - Studies of the binding of ethidium bromide to cells before and after enzyme
      treatment.
AB  - Binding of ethidium bromide (EB) to cells before and after HCl, pepsin and RNase
      treatment was investiaged by spectophotometric and fluorimetric methods. Binding
      isotherms, calculated with the McGheevon Hippel equation, taking EB as a non
      interacting ligand, revealed the influcence of these treatments on the
      fluorescence characteristics of the cells which were measured by flow-through
      cytofluorimetry. Thus pepsin- and RNase-treated cells have a reduced
      intercalation capacity due to the loss of cytoplasmic RNA and RNA hydrolysis,
      respectively. HCl alone, or in association with pepsin, increased the equilibrium
      constant K considerably. Thus at low free EB concentrations the enchanced EB
      affinity of acid-pretreated cells generates a high fluorescence intensity, by
      comparison with treatments at neutral pH. This result contradicts the
      interpretation of high EB binding to acid pretreated cells which is commonly
      believed to be due to hydrolytic histone removal from potential intercalation
      sites. With increasing free EB concentrations the fluorescence intensities of
      RNase- and pepsin-treated cells culminate at the same level due to their amost
      identical intercalation capacities. Consequently, quantitative DNA analysis of
      pretreated cell suspensions with EB can only be performed if the alteration,
      induced by the pretreatment, has previously been studied.

PMID- 387677
TI  - Psychic glossary--letters M, N & O.

PMID- 387676
TI  - 5'-AMP hydrolysis by suspensions and homogenates of pancreatic islet cells from
      normal and cortisone-treated rats.
AB  - Suspensions of endocrine pancreas cells were prepared by shaking collagenase
      isolated rat islets of Langerhans in calcium-free buffer. When incubated with 1.0
      mM substrate at pH 7.4, the cells split Pi from 5'-AMP at a rate of 87 nmol/h per
      microgram DNA, and from beta-glycerophosphate at a rate of 25 nmol/h per
      microgram DNA. Km for 5'-AMP was about 54 microM. Adenosine or theophylline
      inhibited the 5'-AMP hydrolysis. Homogenization of the cells increased the
      activity toward 5'-AMP by 23% and that toward beta-glycerophosphate by 115%.
      Injecting rats with cortisone had no effect on the 5'-AMP hydrolysis by whole
      cells but significantly increased the activity in cell homogenates; the
      intracellular activity toward 5'-AMP was more than doubled by the cortisone
      treatment. Staining whole islet cells for 5'-AMP-splitting activity resulted in a
      demarcation of the cell periphery in control rats. Cells from cortisone-treated
      rats showed heavier deposits of reaction product, and their cell periphery did
      not stand out as clearly. It is suggested that 5'-nucleotidase is largely an
      ectoenzyme in normal rat islet cells. The cells also contain an as yet
      unidentified intracellular phosphatase that seems to be solely responsible for
      the increased hydrolysis of 5'-AMP in cortisone-treated rats.

PMID- 387679
TI  - The hypnotic induction of the void. Part I.

PMID- 387678
TI  - Dental hypnosis and the American Society of Psychosomatic Dentistry.

PMID- 387680
TI  - A physiological and subjective evaluation of neutral and emotionally-charged
      words for meditation. Part I.

PMID- 387681
TI  - The effects of transcendental meditation on periodontal tissue.

PMID- 387682
TI  - Surgical treatment of grade IV patellar luxation in the neoambulatory dog.
AB  - A wire-suture method was used for correcting grade IV medial and lateral
      luxations of the patella. In seven operated stifles, the method resulted in a
      normal gait and minimal valgus and varus deformity of the distal femur and
      proximal tibia.

PMID- 387683
TI  - Entire segment bone transplant in a cat.

PMID- 387684
TI  - Recent developments in diagnosis of paratuberculosis (Johne's disease).

PMID- 387686
TI  - Comprehensive patient management in shock.

PMID- 387685
TI  - Cellular and metabolic effects of shock.

PMID- 387687
TI  - Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides as a cause of polyarthritis in goats.

PMID- 387688
TI  - Peritoneal lavage in the horse.
AB  - Eight horses ranging in age from 4 days to 9 years were treated for peritonitis.
      Escherichia coli was isolated in four cases and Nocardia sp in one case. In each
      case, a catheter placed in the peritoneal cavity allowed drainage of a large
      amount of purulent fluid. Retrograde peritoneal lavage was performed through a
      Foley catheter or medical tubing, using Ringer's lactate solution containing
      kanamycin, povidone iodine, or nitrofurazone. All except two horses responded
      well to repeated lavage.

PMID- 387689
TI  - Gentamicin for treatment of resistant urinary tract infections in dogs.
AB  - Gentamicin was administered parenterally for 6 days to 43 dogs with urinary tract
      infections. The daily dosage of 6.6 mg/kg (3 mg/lb) was divided into equal parts
      and given IM or SC at 8-hour intervals. Dogs selected for treatment with
      gentamicin had urinary infections that had not responded to treatment with other
      antimicrobial agents or had bacterial isolates from urine that were resistant to
      several antimicrobial agents on in vitro susceptibility tests. Response to
      treatment, defined as negative urine culture on the last day of therapy or 4 to
      14 days after completion of the therapeutic course, included 20 of 22 (91%)
      infections caused by Escherichia coli, 8 of 9 (89%) infections caused by
      Kebsiella pneumoniae, 6 of 7 (86%) infections caused by Proteus spp, and 6 of 7
      infections caused by Pseudomonas spp. These four species comprised 84% of the
      bacteria isolated from the dogs in this study.

PMID- 387691
TI  - Antifungal activity upon Saccharomyces cerevisiae of iturin A, mycosubtilin,
      bacillomycin L and of their derivatives; inhibition of this antifungal activity
      by lipid antagonists.
AB  - The antifungal activity of three antibiotics of the iturin group: iturin A,
      mycosubtilin, bacillomycin L and of eleven methylated and acetylated derivatives
      of these antibiotics was tested upon Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The lowest MIC
      values were found for natural antibiotics. The substitution of polar groups
      diminished the antifungal activity. Various lipids, sterols, fatty acids, fatty
      acid methyl esters and phospholipids were tested as inhibitors of the antifungal
      activity of iturin A, mycosubtilin and bacillomycin L. Cholesterol was the
      strongest inhibitor upon the three antibiotics; ergosterol, oleic acid and cis
      vaccenic acid were less potent inhibitors. Among phospholipids, phosphatidyl
      choline inhibited bacillomycin L and iturin A while diphosphatidyl glycerol
      inhibited bacillomycin L and mycosubtilin. The inhibitory effect appeared to be
      dependent on the nature of both the hydrophilic group and the fatty acid part of
      phospholipids.

PMID- 387692
TI  - Influence of intrauterine events on postnatal survival in the pig.

PMID- 387693
TI  - Obituary. Leonard John Meanwell 1901-1978.

PMID- 387690
TI  - Failure of central axonal regeneration after immunosuppressive treatment.

PMID- 387694
TI  - Computer-aided numerical identification of gram negative fermentative rods on a
      desk-top computer.

PMID- 387695
TI  - The application of pyrolysis techniques to the identification of micro-organisms.

PMID- 387696
TI  - A modification of the mycoplasma serum-drop growth inhibition test.

PMID- 387697
TI  - Effect of culture supernatants of mouse splenic lymphocytes on the growth of M.
      lepraemurium in mouse peritoneal macrophages.

PMID- 387698
TI  - [A study on continuous growth of M. lepraemurium in liquid medium (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 387699
TI  - [Multiplication of M. lepraemurium in cell-free liquid medium (author's transl)].

PMID- 387700
TI  - Prophylactic antibiotics for total hip arthroplasty--the significance of
      Staphylococcus epidermidis.

PMID- 387701
TI  - Erythromycin revisited.

PMID- 387702
TI  - Treatment of familial staphylococcal infection.

PMID- 387703
TI  - Mechanism of antimicrobial action of metronidazole.

PMID- 387704
TI  - The influence of intra-incisional clindamycin on the incidence of wound sepsis
      after abdominal operations.
AB  - Two hundred and thirty consecutive patients undergoing laparotomy were randomly
      allocated to one of three single-dose intra-incisional prophylactic regimens:
      clindamycin, clindamycin plus cephaloridine, and cephaloridine alone. Wounds were
      classified on a bacteriological basis into four groups: clean, potentially
      contaminated, lightly contaminated and heavily contaminated. The first two of
      these groups had a low incidence of wound sepsis (6.6%), the third an incidence
      of 19.7% and the last of 53.1%. In the latter two groups clindamycin was a
      significantly less effective prophylactic than cephaloridine, and the combination
      of the two antibiotics was no more efficacious than cephaloridine alone. The high
      in vitro activity of cindamycin against Bacteroides species was not mirrored in
      vivo.

PMID- 387705
TI  - Mezlocillin and azlocillin: an evaluation of two new beta-lactam antibiotics.
AB  - Mezlocillin and azlocillin are broad spectrum penicillins for parenteral
      administration. In this study it was shown that they were very active against a
      wide range of pathogenic bacteria. Thirty-five patients were treated with
      mezlocillin, and 5 patients were treated with azlocillin (in combination with
      cefoxitin in 3 cases). The serum, bile and CSF levels of the drugs were measured.
      Both antibiotics would appear to be safe and efficacious in treating serious
      infections by sensitive pathogens. Infections caused by unknown pathogens could
      be treated by one of these agents in combination with a broad spectrum beta
      lactamase stable cephalosporin or cephamycin.

PMID- 387706
TI  - An in vitro evaluation of clavulanic acid, a potent, broad-spectrum beta
      lactamase inhibitor.
AB  - The in vitro efficacy of clavulanic acid, a new broad-spectrum inhibitor of
      enterobacterial beta-lactamases, was investigated. In conventional agar dilution
      tests, the presence of a sub-inhibitory level of clavulanic acid (8 microgram/ml)
      lowered the minimum inhibitory concentration of ampicillin for many resistant
      enterobacteria to therapeutically achievable levels. When tested against dense
      populations of Escherichia coli and klebsiella strains in a static turbidimetric
      system and in an in vitro model of the treatment of bacterial cystitis,
      clavulanic acid plus ampicillin suppressed bacterial growth for periods far
      exceeding the normal interdose interval at concentrations at which neither agent
      alone was effective. In addition to its activity as a beta-lactamase inhibitor,
      clavulanic acid may interact with other beta-lactam antibiotics in a second,
      distinct way. Because of this synergic interactions may occur with non-beta
      lactamase producing organisms, and the overall synergic effect obtained with beta
      lactamase producers may be compounded of two separate elements.

PMID- 387707
TI  - In vitro activity of cefotaxine.

PMID- 387708
TI  - In vitro sensitivity of Nocardia asteroides to various aminoglycosides.

PMID- 387709
TI  - Review of in vitro test systems using DNA damage and repair for screening of
      chemical carcinogens.
AB  - Chemical carcinogens are mechanistically classified as genotoxic which interact
      directly with DNA, and epigenetic which cause chronic tissue injury, hormonal
      imbalance, and promotional effects. This review evaluates in vitro tests for
      their contribution to a battery for identifying genotoxic chemical carcinogens.
      In addition to bacterial mutagenic assays, nonspecific DNA damage/repair tests
      are recommended for screening chemicals, in particular the hepatocyte primary
      culture/DNA repair test.

PMID- 387710
TI  - Collaborative studies on the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity assay.
AB  - Although the Salmonella/plate test has been used extensively, a collaborative
      study was undertaken to determine the interlaboratory reproducibility of this
      microbial mutagenicity assay. Four laboratories participating in the study have
      completed testing, under code, of 61 carcinogens and noncarcinogens. All
      chemicals were tested both with and without metabolic activation in Salmonella
      typhimurium strains TA1535, 1537, 1538, 98, and 100. The metabolic activation
      systems used were derived from the livers of both uninduced and Aroclor 1254
      induced Fischer rats, B6C3F1 mice, and Syrian hamsters. Analysis of the results
      on 23 of the chemicals tested in 3 of the participating laboratories showed that
      8 were negative when tested in all laboratories and 13 were positive. Two
      chemicals gave positive results in 2 laboratories; the same 2 chemicals were
      negative when tested in the third laboratory.

PMID- 387711
TI  - Overview and status of in vitro transformation.
AB  - The development of standardized assay procedures has permitted the exploitation
      of cell culture systems as bioassay tools for the detection of chemical
      carcinogens. These systems fall generally into 3 classes: diploid cell strains,
      Syrian hamster embryo cells; cell lines, mouse BALB/c-3T3 and mouse C3H-10T1/2;
      and cells+virus, Fischer rat cells infected with Rauscher leukemia virus and
      Syrian hamster embryo cells infected with adenovirus. The results accumulated to
      date show a good correlation between transformation response in cell culture and
      carcinogenicity of chemicals in whole animal studies. The major advantages of
      these systems are their relative brevity (10 days-6 weeks) and resultant low
      costs, their agreement with whole animal bioassays, and their direct biological
      relevance to the carcinogenic process. The present major disadvantages are the
      uncertain nature of the metabolic capabilities of the target cells and the lack
      of a metabolic activation system that is reliable and adaptable for routine
      bioassays. The development of epithelial cell systems such as breast, liver,
      lung, and skin may solve the problem of carcinogen metabolism as well as provide
      target cells that are representative of major organ sites for cancer in man. The
      rational use of cell culture bioassays for neoplastic transformation is a
      valuable component of the toxicological armamentarium to assess risk to humans
      from exposure to chemicals.

PMID- 387712
TI  - Microbiological assays for antibiotics and vitamins: considerations for assuring
      accuracy.
AB  - Factors that may influence the accuracy and precision of microbiological manual
      and semiautomated turbidimetric methods as well as diffusion assays are
      discussed. Influence of kind of equipment, media, test bacteria, sample
      preparation, form of dose response lines, operations, and personnel on quality of
      assays is examined with the objective of reducing to insignificance those factors
      under control of the analyst that are responsible for low quality assays.

PMID- 387713
TI  - Some principles of microbiological turbidimetric assays of antibiotics.
AB  - Turbidimetric methods for determining the potency of antibiotics are inherently
      more accurate and more precise than are comparable agar diffusion procedures, but
      assays conducted in liquid media are subject to degradation from less than ideal
      conditions to a much greater extent than are diffusion methods. The relationships
      between test organisms, antibiotics, and assay concentrations are discussed. A
      valid assay procedure must produce a linear response with an adequate slope (-0.4
      to -1.2) by the test organism to increasing concentrations of drug; such linear
      response normally occurs over a limited range of concentrations. Criteria used to
      select photometers that offer the greatest advantages to analytical
      microbiologists are described, with guidelines for the most effective use of the
      chosen instrument.

PMID- 387715
TI  - Characterization of molybdenum cofactor from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Molybdenum cofactor activity was found in the soluble fraction of cell-free
      extracts of Escherichia coli grown aerobically in media supplemented with
      molybdate. Cofactor was detected by its ability to complement the nitrate
      reductase-deficient mutant of Neurospora crossa, nit-1, resulting in the vitro
      formation of nitrate reductase activity. Acid treatment of E. coli extracts was
      not required for release of cofactor activity. Cofactor was able to diffuse
      through a membrane of nominal 2,000-molecular-weight cutoff and was insensitive
      to trypsin. The cofactor was associated with a carrier molecule (approximately
      40,000 daltons) during gel filtration and sucrose gradient centrifugation, but
      was easily removed from the carrier by dialysis. The carrier molecule protected
      the cofactor from inactivation by heat or oxygen. E. coli grown in molybdenum
      free media, without and with tungsten, synthesized a metal-free "empty" cofactor
      and its tungsten analog, respectively, both of which were subsequently activated
      by the addition of molybdate. Empty and tungsten-containing cofactor complemented
      the nitrate reductase subunits in the nit-1 extract, forming inactive, but
      intact, 7.9S nitrate reductase. Addition of molybdate to the enzyme complemented
      in this manner restored nitrate reductase activity.

PMID- 387714
TI  - Escherichia coli mutants impaired in maltodextrin transport.
AB  - Wild-type Escherichia coli K-12 was found to grow equally well on maltose and on
      maltodextrins containing up to seven glucose residues. Three classes of mutants
      unable to grow on maltodextrins, but still able to grow on maltose, were
      investigated in detail. The first class, already known, was composed of phage
      lambda-resistant mutants, which lack the outer membrane protein coded by gene
      lamB. These mutants grow on maltose and maltotriose but not at all on
      maltotetraose and longer maltodextrins which cannot cross the outer membrane. A
      second class of mutants were affected in malE, the structural gene of the
      periplasmic maltose binding protein. The maltose binding proteins isolated from
      the new mutants were altered in their substrate binding properties, but not in a
      way that could account for the mutant phenotypes. Rather, the results of growth
      experiments and transport studies suggest that these malE mutants are impaired in
      their ability to transport maltodextrins across the outer membrane. This implies
      that the maltose binding protein (in wild-type strains) cooperates with the
      lambda receptor in permeation through the outer membrane. The last class of
      mutants described in this paper were affected in malG, or perhaps in an as yet
      undetected gene close to malG. They were defective in the transfer of
      maltodextrins from the periplasmic space to the cytoplasm but only slightly
      affected in the transport of maltose.

PMID- 387716
TI  - Isolation and characterization of mutations in the structural gene for protease
      III (ptr).
AB  - Escherichia coli mutants defective in protease III were isolated by enzyme assays
      of heavily mutagenized colones. One mutant produced thermolabile enzyme, and it
      is presumed to have a mutation in the structural gene of protease III. Two other
      mutants mapping at the same site had less than 5% of the wild-type protease III
      level. The genetic locus of these mutations, designated ptr, was located at
      approximately 60 min on the E. coli linkage map based on its high frequency (70%)
      of contransduction by P1 with argA. Strains with less than 5% of the wild-type
      protease III activity grew normally and degraded nonsense fragments of beta
      galactosidase at wild-type rates.

PMID- 387717
TI  - Comparative surfact structure of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid of 30S ribosomes
      of procaryotic cells.
AB  - Ribonuclease T(1) treatment of 30S ribosomes of Escherichia coli converts a large
      region at the 3' OH end of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) to low-molecular
      weight RNA. The final 25 nucleotides at the 3' terminus of the molecule emerge
      relatively intact, whereas most of the region "upstream," for about 150
      nucleotides, is converted to oligonucleotides. Identical enzyme treatment
      generates a fragment of about 60 nucleotides from the middle of 16S rRNA (section
      D'). To determine whether there are similar sequences in other bacteria, which
      occupy similar accessible surface locations, we treated 30S ribosomes from
      Azotobacter vinelandii and Bacillus stearothermophilus with RNase T(1). In each
      case, a fragment of RNA about 25 nucleotides in length containing the 3' OH end
      of 16S rRNA and a fragment of about 60 nucleotides in length similar, but not
      identical, in oligonucleotide composition to section D' of E. coli 16S rRNA were
      obtained from nuclease-treated 30S ribosomes. These data indicate that, although
      the primary structure at the 3' end and the middle (section D') of the various
      16S rRNA's is not completely conserved, their respective conformations are
      conserved. A number of identical oligonucleotides were found in the low-molecular
      weight fraction obtained from RNase T(1)-treated E. coli, A. vinelandii, and B.
      stearothermophilus 30S ribosomes. These results show that identical RNase T(1)
      sensitive sequences are present in all three bacteria. Hydrolysis of these
      regions leads to the production of the fragments 25 and 60 nucleotides in length.

PMID- 387718
TI  - Regulation of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase B by L-cysteine in Salmonella
      typhimurium.
AB  - A technique based on resistance to azaserine was used to isolate mutants lacking
      O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase B, one of two enzymes in Salmonella typhimurium
      capable of synthesizing L-cysteine from O-acetyl-L-serine and sulfide. The mutant
      locus responsible for this defect has been designated cysM, and genetic mapping
      suggests that cysM is very close to and perhaps contiguous with cysA. Strains
      lacking either O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase B or the second sulfhydrylase, O
      acetylserine sulfhydrylase A (coded for by cysK), are cysteine prototrophs, but
      cysK cysM double mutants were found to require cysteine for growth. O
      Acetylserine sulfhydrylase B was depressed by growth on a poor sulfur source, and
      depression was dependent upon both a functional cysB regulatory gene product and
      the internal inducer of the cysteine biosynthetic pathway, O-acetyl-L-serine.
      Furthermore, a cysBc strain, in which other cysteine biosynthetic enzymes cannot
      be fully repressed by growth on L-cystine, was found to be constitutive for O
      acetylserine sulfhydrylase B as well. Thus O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase B is
      regulated by the same factors that control the expression of O-acetylserine
      sulfhydrylase A and other activities of the cysteine regulon. It is not clear why
      S. typhimurium has two enzymes whose physiological function appears to be to
      catalyze the same step of L-cysteine biosynthesis.

PMID- 387719
TI  - Mak mutants of yeast: mapping and characterization.
AB  - Killer strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are those carrying a 1.5 x 10(6)
      dalton double-stranded (ds) ribonucleic acid (RNA) (M) in virus-like particles
      and secreting a protein toxin. Most yeast (koller or not) also carry a 3 x 10(6)
      dalton dsRNA (L). We have mapped mutations in eight of the chromosomal genes
      needed for maintaining M (mak genes). The mak genes are widely distributed on the
      yeast map, with no multigene complexes. We show that mutants defective in these
      and other mak genes lose M dsRNA, but not L dsRNA. The mak3-1 mutation results in
      markedly decreased cellular levels of L dsRNA, but mak3-1 stains do not lose L
      dsRNA completely. Mutation of mak16 results in temperature-sensitive growth,
      whereas mutations in mak13, mak15, mak17, mak20, mak22, and mak27 result in slow
      growth at any temperature. No effect of mak mutations on mating, meiosis,
      sporulation, germination, homothallism, or ultraviolet sensitivity has been
      found. The specificity of mak mutations is discussed.

PMID- 387720
TI  - Hypersensitivity to Hg2+ and hyperbinding activity associated with cloned
      fragments of the mercurial resistance operon of plasmid NR1.
AB  - The region of plasmid NR1 concerned with resistance to Hg2+ and organomercurials
      consists of sequences found on restriction endonuclease fragments EcoRI-H and
      EcoRI-I. When both fragments were cloned together into a derivative of plasmid
      ColE1, the hybrid plasmid conferred properties indistinguishable from those of
      the parental plasmid, NR1: resistance to Hg2+ and to the organomercurials
      merbromin and fluoresceinmercuric acetate and the inducible synthesis of the
      enzyme mercuric reductase. When fragment EcoRI-I was cloned into plasmid ColE1,
      cells containing the plasmid was as sensitive to Hg2+ and organomercurials as
      plasmidless strains. When fragment EcoRI-H was cloned into ColE1, cells with the
      hybrid plasmid were hypersensitive to Hg2+ and organomercurials. This
      hypersensitivity was inducible by prior exposure to low, subtoxic Hg2+ or
      merbromin levels. It was associated with an inducible hyperbinding activity
      attributed to a gene governing Hg2+ uptake and found on fragment EcoRI-H (which
      contains the proximal portion of a mercuric resistance [mer] operon).

PMID- 387721
TI  - Transposon A-generated mutations in the mercuric resistance genes of plasmid R100
      1.
AB  - A series of 23 transposon 801(Tn801)-induced mutations of plasmid R100-1 from
      mercuric salts resistance to sensitivity was studied. Although Tn801 transposed
      frequently into the mer region of the plasmid, fine structural analysis showed
      that the site of insertion within mer varied. About one-half of the Tn801
      insertion events also caused a deletion of greater than 1 megadalton. Genetic and
      restriction endonuclease EcoRI and BamHI analysis of the mutant plasmid
      deoxyribonucleic acid elucidated the organization of the mer operon and suggested
      the existence of a trans-acting regulatory factor governing resistance to
      mercuric salts. Tn801 insertions leading to mercuric sensitivity occurred in the
      restriction endonuclease fragments EcoRI-H and EcoRI-I. Regulatory mutations
      leading to a 50-fold-reduced synthesis of mercuric reductase enzyme occurred in
      two complementation classes thought to represent the gene for a trans-acting
      inducer molecule and a cis-acting operator-promoter sequence. Mutations leading
      to total loss of the enzyme mercuric reductase occurred on both the EcoRI-H and
      EcoRI-I fragments, showing that the structural gene for this enzyme (merA)
      bridges the EcoRI cleavage site separating the segments. Hypersensitivity to
      mercuric salts resulted when Tn801 insertion occurred in the reductase gene in
      the operatordistal portion of the operon. Hypersensitive cells inducibly bound
      three to five times more Hg2+ at low concentrations than did sensitive
      (plasmidless) cells. This finding led to the proposal that another gene (merT)
      controls uptake of Hg2+ by the cells. Transcription of the operon was deduced to
      start in the EcoRI-H fragment and to move into the EcoRI-I fragment of the
      plasmid genome.

PMID- 387723
TI  - Immuno-electron microscopic localization of lipopolysaccharide antigens on
      ultrathin sections of Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Lipopolysaccharide antigens were demonstrated on ultrathin sections of styrene
      embedded Salmonella typhimurium by direct postembedding staining with ferritin
      labeled antibodies. The antigenicity, partially masked in the embedding process,
      could be satisfactorily recovered by treatment of ultrathin sections with
      nonspecific protease. As judged from the reaction site of the ferritin-labeled
      antibodies, the lipopolysaccharides were localized in two zones. The broader zone
      of densely distributed ferritin molecules was superimposed over the whole outer
      cellwall, and a smaller zone revealing antigenicity was found over the cell
      membrane, which strongly supports the concept that the latter is the site of
      synthesis of lipopolysaccharides. The well-defined labeled areas between these
      two antigenic zones may be the routes whereby the synthesized polysaccharide
      molecules reach the cell wall.

PMID- 387722
TI  - Escherichia coli pleiotropic mutant that reduces amounts of several periplasmic
      and outer membrane proteins.
AB  - We have isolated a mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 that is reduced from 6- to 10
      fold in the amount of alkaline phosphatase found in the periplasmic space. The
      reduced synthesis is not due to effects at the level of transcription regulation
      of the phoA gene, the structural gene for the enzyme. In addition, the mutation
      (termed perA) responsible for this phenotype results in reduced amounts of
      possibly six or more other periplasmic proteins and at least three outer membrane
      proteins. One of the outer membrane proteins affected is protein IA (D. L.
      Diedrich, A. O. Summers, and C. A. Schnaitman, J. Bacteriol. 131:598-607, 1977).
      Although other possibilities exist, one explanation for the phenotype of the perA
      mutation is that it affects the cell's secretory apparatus.

PMID- 387724
TI  - Role of gene flaFV on flagellar hook formation in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Nine temperature-sensitive nonflagellate mutants defective in flaFV were isolated
      from a strain of Salmonella typhimurium. Among them three mutants were found to
      produce flagella with abnormally shaped (either straight or irregularly curved)
      hooks at the permissive temperature. Two mutations that rendered hooks straight
      were located in one of the eight segments of flaFV defined by deletion mapping.
      The mutation that rendered hooks irregularly curved was located in a different
      segment. An flaR mutation was introduced into the latter mutant. At the
      permissive temperature, the resulting double mutant produced polyhooks whose
      wavelength and amplitude were both exceedingly reduced. These polyhook structures
      were more thermolabile than those of the flaFV+ strain. Hook protein of the
      former strain was shown to have a slightly positive electric charge compared with
      that of the latter. From these results and other available information, it is
      inferred that flaFV is the structural gene for the hook protein in Salmonella.

PMID- 387725
TI  - Scanning electron microscope study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae spheroplast
      formation.
AB  - A suspension of Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCY366 in buffered 1.2 M sorbitol
      containing Zymolyase-5000 (a beta-glucanase-containing preparation/showed maximum
      osmotic sensitivity after 30 min of incubation at 30 degrees C. A scanning
      electron microscope study of spheroplast formation, using a very high resolution
      (4-nm) machine, revealed several new morphological features. The surface of the
      plug in bud scars on intact cells appeared warty. The wall, which assumed a beady
      appearance as digestion proceded, ultimately sloughed off to reveal the furrowed
      surface of the plasma membrane. Bud scars were resistant to digestion and. as
      incubation proceeded, they became surrounded by an outer annulus, which may be
      the seconary septum. Wall material was completely removed from the majority of
      cells only after 60 min of digestion. The surface of spheroplasts was studded
      with particles, about 25 to 30 nm in diameter. Many spheroplasts had a single
      large indentation, which may be in that part of the plasma membrane originally
      underlying the birth scar.

PMID- 387726
TI  - Chemotaxis of Salmonella typhimurium toward citrate.
AB  - Salmonella, but not Escherichia coli, was attracted to citrate, a distinction
      that is understandable in view of the inability of E. coli to transport
      tricarboxylic acids. The Salmonella response to citrate and to two previously
      described attractants, aspartate and malate, was mutually noncompetitive. Citrate
      taxis different from citrate uptake in that it did not require Na+, was
      constitutive, and was not repressible by glucose.

PMID- 387727
TI  - Deletions in the r-determinant mer region of plasmid R100-1 selected for loss of
      mercury hypersensitivy.
AB  - A mutant of plasmid R100-1, which conferred cellular hypersensitivity to Hg2+
      because of the insertion of Tn801 (TnA) into the gene determining synthesis of
      mercuric reductase enzyme, allowed further mutational events to be selected which
      resulted in either reversion to Hg2+ resistance (characteristic plasmid R100-1)
      or sensitivity at a level characteristic of plasmidless strains. Restriction
      endonuclease EcoRI and BamHI analysis showed that reversion to resistance
      resulted from loss of TnA from the R100-mer:Tn801 plasmid, whereas the change
      from hypersensitivity to sensitivity to Hg2+ usually resulted from deletion of
      part or all of Tn801 plus plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid sequences corresponding
      to the operator-proximal end of the mer operon.

PMID- 387728
TI  - Chimeric plasmids for cloning of deoxyribonucleic acid sequences in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Two sets of plasmids, each carrying a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene and a portion
      or all of the yeast 2-micron circle linked to the Escherichia coli plasmid
      pBR322, have been constructed. One of these sets contains a BamHI fragment of S.
      cerevisiae deoxyribonucleic acid that includes the yeast his3 gene, whereas the
      other set contains a BamHI fragment of S. cerevisiae that includes the yeast leu2
      gene. All plasmids transform S. cerevisiae and E. coli with a high frequency,
      possess unique restriction endonuclease sites, and are retrievable from both host
      organisms. Plasmids carrying the 2.4-megadalton EcoRI fragment of the 2-micron
      circle transform yeast with 2- to 10-fold greater frequency than those carrying
      the 1.5-megadalton EcoRI fragment of the 2-micron circle. Restriction
      endonuclease analysis of plasmics retrieved from S. cerevisiae transformed with
      plasmics carrying the 2.4-megadalton EcoRI fragment showed that in 13 of 96 cases
      the original plasmic has acquired an additional copy of the 2-mcron circle. These
      altered plasmids appear to have arisen by means of an interplasmid recombination
      event while in S. cerevisiae. A clone bank of S. cerevisiae genes based upon one
      of these composite plasmids has been constructed. By using this bank and
      selecting directly in S. cerevisiae, the ura3, tyr1, and met2 genes have been
      cloned.

PMID- 387729
TI  - Inversion in the lactose region of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A spontaneous mutant of Escherichia coli K-12, strain SY99, with an inversion in
      the lactose region was isolated and partially characterized. The inversion was
      detected due to inverse chromosomal conjugational transfer after introduction of
      an F42 (F'lac) episome. The termini of the inversion are between proAB and lac on
      one side and lac and proC on the other. The inverse conjugational transfer in
      SY99 did not appear to be absolute but was always accompanied by a residual
      "normal" counterclockwise mobilization. This residual transfer was further shown
      to be caused by the intrinsic instability of this region (at least in the line
      W3110). The possible involvement of IS3 elements flanking the lactose operon is
      discussed.

PMID- 387730
TI  - Deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells permeabilized
      with ether.
AB  - Cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae permeabilized by treatment with ether take up
      and incorporate exogenous deoxynucleoside triphosphate into deoxyribonucleic acid
      (DNA). With rho(+) strains, more than 95% of the product was mitochondrial DNA
      (mtDNA). This report characterizes ether-permeabilized yeast cells and describes
      studies on the mechanism of mtDNA synthesis with this system. The initial rate of
      in vitro mtDNA synthesis with one strain (X2180-1Brho(+)) was close to the rate
      of mtDNA replication in vivo. The extent of synthesis after 45 min was sufficient
      for the duplication of about 25% of the total mtDNA in the cells. The
      incorporated radioactivity resulting from in vitro DNA synthesis appeared in
      fragments that were an average of 30% mitochondrial genome size. Density-labeling
      experiments showed that continuous strands of at least 7 kilobases after
      denaturation, and up to 25 kilobase pairs before denaturation, were synthesized
      by this system. Pulse-chase experiments demonstrated that a large proportion of
      DNA product after short labeling times appeared in 0.25-kilobase fragments (after
      denaturation), which served as precursors of high-molecular-weight DNA. It is not
      yet clear whether the short pieces participate in a mechanism of discontinuous
      replication similar to that of bacterial and animal cell chromosomal DNA or
      whether they are related to the rapidly turning over, short initiation sequence
      of animal cell mtDNA. In rho(0) strains, which lack mtDNA, the initial rate of
      nuclear DNA synthesis in vitro was 1 to 2% of the average in vivo rate. With
      temperature-sensitive DNA replication mutants (cdc8), the synthesis of nuclear
      DNA was temperature sensitive in vitro as well, and in vitro DNA synthesis was
      blocked in an initiation mutant (cdc7) that was shifted to the restrictive
      temperature before the ether treatment.

PMID- 387732
TI  - Microcalorimetric study of Escherichia coli aerobic growth: kinetics and
      experimental enthalpy associated with growth on succinic acid.
AB  - A new batch calorimeter was used to study the aerobic growth of Escherichia coli
      in a minimal containing a growth-limiting concentration of succinic acid. The
      shape of the thermograms obtained was simple when the energy source was the only
      growth-limiting factor and showed a stationary phase when the oxygen transfer was
      limiting. The experimentally determined value of the heat production during
      growth was found to be significantly lower than the heat of combustion of the
      succinic acid corrected for the assimilated-substrate fraction. An interpretation
      has been given to explain the difference between the experimental and the
      theoretical values.

PMID- 387731
TI  - Defective transport and other phenotypes of a periplasmic "leaky" mutant of
      Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 deficient in high-affinity leucine transport
      and related binding proteins was obtained by selecting for azaleucine resistance
      after bacteriophage Mu mutagenesis. We determined that the cause was a
      generalized loss of periplasmic binding proteins and a sharp decrease in the
      activity of transport systems requiring them. Other transport systems resistant
      to osmotic shock and present in membrane vesicles, were affected to a lesser
      degree or not at all. The mutation, designated lky::Mucts, was shown to be a
      pleiotropic envelope mutation, rendering the mutant sensitive to ionic and
      nonionic detergents, antibiotics, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid: the strain
      had also acquired tolerance to colicins E1, E2, and E3, while remaining normally
      sensitive to a variety of bacteriophages. An analysis of the lipopolysaccharide
      of parent and mutant strains revealed a twofold reduction in the neutral sugar
      content of the core oligosaccharide of the lky strain, but no change in
      sensitivities to phages which utilize lipopolysaccharide or outer membrane
      proteins for absorption. The lky::Mucts locus was mapped by transduction and
      found to be located near, or in, the tolPAB gene cluster linked to gal. Secondary
      mutations suppressing the detergent sensitivity of lky arose at a frequency of
      10(-7), yielding a variety of new phenotypes. The lky::Mucts mutation did not
      give rise to obvious alterations in the gross morphology of the cell or in cell
      division.

PMID- 387733
TI  - Role of the ftsA gene product in control of Escherichia coli cell division.
AB  - The kinetics of cell division have been studied in a strain of Escherichia coli
      which has an amber mutation in the ftsA gene and which also carries a temperature
      sensitive amber suppressor. This strain is therefore temperature sensitive for
      the synthesis of the ftsA protein. Cells of this strain were able to divide only
      if the synthesis of this protein took place during a specific part of the cell
      cycle. This was a short period (roughly 10 min in duration) immediately before
      the normal time of cell division.

PMID- 387734
TI  - Plasmid vehicles for direct cloning of Escherichia coli promoters.
AB  - A multicopy plasmid cloning vehicle, pGA22, which carries genes for ampicillin
      resistance (Apr), tetracycline resistance (Tcr), chloramphenicol resistance
      (Cmr), and kanamycin resistance (Kmr) has been constructed. This plasmid has five
      unique sites for restriction endonucleases EcoRI, PstI, XhoI, SmaI, and SalI
      within antibiotic resistance genes. pGA22, which is 5.1 megadaltons in size, has
      a low copy number (probably fewer than 10 per genome), is capable of relaxed
      replication, and is mobilized by F-factor at a frequency of 10(-5). A series of
      promoter-cloning vehicles, pGA24, pGA39, and pGA46, has been developed from
      pGA22. In these plasmids the natural promoter for Tcr has been removed and has
      been replaced by small deoxyribonucleic acid fragments carrying unique sites for
      several restriction endonucleases. Cells carrying these vectors are sensitive to
      tetracycline unless insertional activation of the Tcr occurs by cloning a
      promoter-carrying deoxyribonucleic acid fragment in one of the unique sites
      adjacent to the 5' end of Tcr. In this way, promoters carried on a HindIII
      generated deoxyribonucleic acid fragment can be inserted at the HindIII site of
      plasmid pGA24, pGA39, or pGA46. A promoter in fragments generated by digestion
      with restriction endonuclease XmaI or PstI or by any restriction endonucleases
      which generate flush ends, such as SmaI, PvuII, HpaI, HincII, or HaeIII, can be
      clones in plasmid pGA39. Plasmid pGA46 can be used to detect a promoter fragment
      carried on a BglII, BamHI, MboI, or PstI fragment. We also describe a plasmid,
      pGA44, with a unique KpnI site in the rifampin resistance gene rpoB.

PMID- 387735
TI  - Multiple, independent components of ultraviolet radiation mutagenesis in
      Escherichia coli K-12 uvrB5.
AB  - Reversion systems involving the lacZ53(amber) and leuB19)missense) mutations were
      developed to study the mutant frequency response of Escherichia coli K-12 uvrB5
      (SR250) to ultraviolet radiation (254 nm). A one-hit mutant frequency response
      was discernible at ultraviolet radiation fluences below approximately 0.5 J m-2.
      At higher fluences the overall mutant frequency response could be resolved into
      one-hit and two-hit components. A new interpretation of the published data on E.
      coli K-12 indicates that SR250 is not unique in this respect. In addition, the
      Lac reversion system showed enhanced mutagenesis after ultraviolet radiation
      fluences of approximately 1 to 3 J m-2, whereas the Leu reversion system did not.
      We conclude that the complex ultraviolet radiation mutant frequency response
      curves for E. coli K-12 uvrB5 were the result of three independent mutagenic
      processes for Lac reversion and two for Leu reversion.

PMID- 387736
TI  - Effect of blocking protein synthesis at nonpermissive temperatures on temperature
      sensitive deoxyribonucleic acid mutants of Escherichia coli.
AB  - When protein synthesis was blocked in temperature-sensitive deoxyribonucleic acid
      synthesis mutants of Escherichia coli at nonpermissive temperatures, it reduced
      the amount of apparent subsequent chain elongation to approximately half that
      observed in the mutants either at nonpermissive temperatures alone or when
      protein synthesis was blocked at the permissive temperature. Blocking protein
      synthesis at the nonpermissive temperatures for periods of 40 min caused the loss
      of ability to reinitiate deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis at the permissive
      temperature.

PMID- 387737
TI  - Genetics and physiology of proline utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae:
      enzyme induction by proline.
AB  - Proline is converted to glutamate in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the
      sequential action of two enzymes, proline oxidase and delta 1-pyrroline-5
      carboxylate (P5C) dehydrogenase. The levels of these enzymes appear to be
      controlled by the amount of proline in the cell. The capacity to transport
      proline is greatest when the cell is grown on poor nitrogen sources, such as
      proline or urea. Mutants have been isolated which can no longer utilize proline
      as the sole source of nitrogen. Mutants in put1 are deficient in proline oxidase,
      and those in put2 lack P5C dehydrogenase. The put1 and put2 mutations are
      recessive, segregate 2:2 in tetrads, and appear to be unlinked to one another.
      Proline induces both proline oxidase and P5C dehydrogenase. The arginine
      degradative pathway intersects the proline-degradative pathway at P5C. The P5C
      formed from the breakdown of arginine or ornithine can induce both proline
      degradative enzymes by virtue of its conversion to proline.

PMID- 387738
TI  - Genetics and physiology of proline utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae:
      mutation causing constitutive enzyme expression.
AB  - A mutation resulting in inducer-independent expression of the proline-degradative
      enzymes was isolated in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Strains carrying the
      mutation, put3, are partially constitutive for proline oxidase and delta 1
      pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase when grown on a medium lacking proline and
      are hyperinducible for both enzyme activities when grown on a proline-containing
      medium. put3 segregates as a single nuclear gene, is not linked to either of the
      presumed structural genes for proline oxidase and delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate
      dehydrogenase, and does not affect proline transport. When heterozygous in
      diploid strains, put3 behaves neither fully dominant nor fully recessive.
      Endogenous induction by proline has been eliminated as a cause of the inducer
      independent enzyme expression in the put3 mutant and the mutation is believed to
      be in a regulatory component of the proline-degradative pathway.

PMID- 387739
TI  - Alterations of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pools in Escherichia coli:
      effects on deoxyribonucleic acid replication and evidence for compartmentation.
AB  - Inhibition of ribonucleic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli 15 TAU bar with
      rifampin or streptolydigin leads to large increases in the sizes of cellular
      ribonucleoside and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pools. Inhibition of protein
      synthesis leads to increases in the sizes of all nucleoside triphosphate pools
      except the guanosine triphosphate and deoxyguanosine triphosphate pools; a
      decrease in the size of the latter pool may be responsible for the slowing of
      deoxyribonucleic acid replication fork movement observed in this strain in the
      absence of protein synthesis. Analysis of the kinetics of incorporation of
      labeled precursors into deoxyribonucleic acid and into cellular pools suggests
      that functional compartmentation of nucleotide pools exists, allowing the
      incorporation of exogenously supplied precursors into deoxyribonucleic acid
      without prior equilibration with the cellular pools.

PMID- 387741
TI  - Deoxyribonucleic acid adenine and cytosine methylation in Salmonella typhimurium
      and Salmonella typhi.
AB  - The methylations of adenine in the sequence -GATC- and of the second cytosine in
      the sequence - [Formula: see text] - were studied in Salmonella typhimurium and
      in Salmonella typhi. The study was carried out by using endonucleases which
      restrict the plasmid pBR322 by cleavage at the sequences -GATC- (DpnI and MboI)
      and - [Formula: see text] - (EcoRII). The restriction patterns obtained for this
      plasmid isolated from transformed S. typhimurium and S. typhi were compared with
      those of pBR322 isolated from Escherichia coli K-12. In E. coli K-12, adenines at
      the sequence -GATC- and the second cytosines at - [Formula: see text] - are met
      hylated by enzymes coded for by the genes dam and dem, respectively. From
      comparison of the restriction patterns obtained, it is concluded that S.
      typhimurium and S. typhi contain genes responsible for deoxyribonucleic acid
      methylation equivalent to E. coli K-12 genes dam and dcm.

PMID- 387742
TI  - Pyridine nucleotide cycle of Salmonella typhimurium: in vitro demonstration of
      nicotinamide mononucleotide deamidase and characterization of pnuA mutants
      defective in nicotinamide mononucleotide transport.
AB  - The enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide deamidase, an integral component of the
      proposed four-membered pyridine nucleotide cycle (PNC IV), has been demonstrated
      in extracts of Salmonella typhimurium LT2. The enzyme has an optimum pH of 8.7
      and deamidates nicotinamide mononucleotide, forming nicotinic acid
      mononucleotide. Sigmoidal kinetic data suggest that this enzyme may be allosteric
      and therefore an important regulatory component of pyridine nucleotide cycle
      metabolism. Mutants previously designated pncC in anticipation of their lacking
      nicotinamide mononucleotide deamidase were examined and found to have normal
      levels of this enzyme. [14C]nicotinamide mononucleotide uptake studies, however,
      revealed a defect in the transport of this compound. Accordingly, the genetic
      designation for this locus was changed to pnuA to reflect its involvement in
      pyridine nucleotide uptake. Evidence is presented for the existence of two
      separate nicotinamide mononucleotide transport systems.

PMID- 387740
TI  - Electron acceptor taxis and blue light effect on bacterial chemotaxis.
AB  - Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli from anaerobic cultures displayed
      tactic responses to gradients of nitrate, fumarate, and oxygen when the
      appropriate electron transport pathway was present. Such responses were named
      "electron acceptor taxis" because they are elicited by terminal electron
      acceptors. Mutant strains of S. typhimurium and E. coli were used to establish
      that functioning electron transport pathways to nitrate and fumarate are required
      for taxis to these compounds. Aerotaxis in S. typhimurium was blocked by 1.0 mM
      KCN, which inhibited oxygen uptake. Similarly, a functioning electron transport
      pathway was shown to be essential for the tumbling response of S. typhimurium and
      E. coli to intense light (290 to 530 nm). Some inhibitors and uncouplers of
      respiration were repellents of S. typhimurium. We propose that behavioral
      responses to light or electron acceptors involve electron transport-mediated
      perturbations of the proton motive force.

PMID- 387743
TI  - Regulated breakdown of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid during
      intraperiplasmic growth of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J.
AB  - During growth of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on [2-14C]deoxythymidine-labeled
      Escherichia coli, approximately 30% of the radioactivity was released to the
      culture fluid as nucleoside monophosphates and free bases; the remainder was
      incorporated by the bdellovibrio. By 60 min after bdellovibrio attack, when only
      10% of the E. coli deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) had been solubilized, the
      substrate cell DNA was degraded to 5 X 10(5)-dalton fragments retained within the
      bdelloplast. Kinetic studies showed these fragments were formed as the result of
      sequential accumulation of single- and then double-strand cuts. DNA fragments
      between 2 X 10(3) and 5 X 10(5) daltons were never observed. Chloramphenicol,
      added at various times after initiation of bdellovibrio intraperiplasmic growth
      on normal or on heated E. coli, which have inactivated deoxyribonucleases,
      inhibited further breakdown and solubilization of substrate cell DNA. Analysis of
      these intraperiplasmic culture deoxyribonuclease activities showed that
      bdellovibrio deoxyribonucleases are synthesized while E. coli nucleases are
      inactivated. It is concluded that continuous and sequential synthesis of
      bdellovibrio deoxyribonucleases of apparently differing specificities is
      necessary for complete breakdown and solubilization of substrate cell DNA, and
      that substrate cell deoxyribonucleases are not involved in any significant way in
      the degradation process.

PMID- 387744
TI  - Polyamine biosynthesis during germination of yeast ascospores.
AB  - The role of the diamine putrescine during germination and outgrowth of ascospores
      of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was examined. Ornithine decarboxylase activity
      increased and declined rapidly during germination and outgrowth; peak activity
      was attained after the cells had proceeded through the G1 interval of the cell
      cycle, whereas minimal activity was present at the completion of the first cell
      division. alpha-Methylornithine inhibited both ornithine decarboxylase activity
      and the in vivo accumulation of putrescine. In the presence of alpha
      methylornithireak dormancy and proceed through one cell division. Subsequent
      cellular growth, however, was retarded but not completely inhibited. The
      supplementation of Methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone) to sporulation medium
      greatly inhibited this sexual process. These data suggest that the synthesis of
      putrescine is not required for the breaking of spore dormancy, but that polyamine
      biosynthesis may be essential for meiosis and sporulation.

PMID- 387745
TI  - Regulation and solubilization of Candida albicans chitin synthetase.
AB  - A cytoplasmic component which inhibited the activation of chitin synthetase was
      studied in the dimorphic fungus Candida albicans. The inhibitor was found to be
      heat stable and trypsin sensitive and was only effective when incubated with a
      vacuolar protease, an activator of chitin synthetase, before the activation of
      chitin synthetase. In addition, the particulate chitin synthetase from the yeast
      form of C. albicans was solubilized by a sodium cholate-digitonin extraction and
      subsequently was purified approximately 30-fold by Sepharose column
      chromatography and Amicon XM 100 filtration. Activity of the soluble enzyme was
      increased by the addition of trypsin or phosphatidyl serine. The molecular weight
      of the enzyme was estimated to be 400,000.

PMID- 387746
TI  - Interaction of bacteriophage K10 with its receptor, the lamB protein of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The lamB protein of Escherichia coli was initially recognized as the receptor for
      bacteriophage lambda. It is now shown also to constitute the receptor for phage
      K10. The lamB protein interacts with phage K10 in vitro, but this interaction
      does not lead to phage inactivation. Most lambda-resistant labB mutants are also
      resistant to K10, and vice versa. However, a significant proportion of the
      mutants resistant to one of the phages is sensitive to the other. Nineteen K10
      resistant lambda-sensitive mutants have been studied. Only six of them produce a
      lamB protein which seems totally unimpaired in its ihe same deletion interval of
      the lamB gene. The corresponding region of the lamB polypeptide must be
      specifically involved in the interaction with phage K10. An unusual pattern of
      K10 host range mutants has been obtained; two calsses of such mutants could be
      defined, growing on two distinct classes of K10-resistant lamB mutants.

PMID- 387747
TI  - Evolution of multiple-antibiotic-resistance plasmids mediated by transposable
      plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid sequences.
AB  - Two plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid sequences mediating multiple antibiotic
      resistance transposed in vivo between coexisting plasmids in clinical isolates of
      Serratia marcescens. This event resulted in the evolution of a transferable
      multiresistance plasmid. Both sequences, designated in Tn1699 and Tn1700, were
      flanked by inverted deoxyribonucleic acid repetitions and could transpose between
      replicons independently of the Excherichia coli recA gene function. Tn1699 and
      Tn1700 mediated ampicillin, carbenicillin, kanamycin, and gentamicin resistance
      but differed in the type of gentamicin-acetyltransferase enzymes that they
      encoded. The structural genes for these enzymes share a great deal of
      polynucleotide sequence similarity despite their phenotypic differences. The
      transposition of Tn1699 and Tn1700 to coresident transferable plasmids has
      contributed to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance among other gram
      negative bacteria. These organisms have recently caused nosocomial infections in
      epidemic proportions.

PMID- 387748
TI  - Selection for Escherichia coli mutants with proteins missing from the ribosome.
AB  - Antibiotic-independent revertants of an erythromycin-dependent strain of
      Escherichia coli were isolated by spontaneous selection. Their ribosomal proteins
      were analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In contrast
      to most ribosomally targeted selections, the specific absence of a certain
      protein from the ribosome, rather than alterations in ribosomal proteins, was
      observed. Mutants were found with protein S20, L11, L15, L28, L29, or L30
      missing.

PMID- 387749
TI  - Kietics of thermal unfolding and refolding of thermostable phosphoglycerate
      kinase.
AB  - The kinetics of denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) of a thermostable
      phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) extracted from Thermus thermophilus and of yeast
      PGK at neutral pH were studied by circular dichroism. Denaturation by GuHCl
      proceeded as a first-order reaction. The activation free energy of the
      denaturation reactions (delta Gf not identical to ) in the absence of GuHCl was
      estimated to be 32.7 kcal/mol for T. thermophilus PGK and 27.9 kcal/mol for yeast
      PGK (at 25 degrees C). Measurements of the rate constants at various temperatures
      indicated that delta Gf not identical to has maximum values at 29 degrees C for
      T. thermophilus PGK and at 20 degrees C for yeast PGK, and that the temperature
      dependences of delta Gf not identical to, delta Hf not identical to, and delta Sf
      not identical to for T. thermophilus PGK are smaller than those of yeast PGK.
      Values of delta Sf not identical to for thermal denaturation for both PGK's are
      approximately 200 e.u.

PMID- 387750
TI  - Properties of purified detergent-resistant phospholipase A of Escherichia coli K
      12. Inactivation, and protection with detergents and phospholipids.
AB  - A crude preparation of membrane-bound phospholipase A (detergent-resistant) in
      Escherichia coli K-12 cells was found to be quite stable or even apparently
      activated on incubation at 100 degrees C, but became strikingly thermolabile when
      it was highly purified and Triton X-100 was removed from the purified enzyme
      preparation. The rate of inactivation showed a biphasic temperature dependence:
      inactivation was rapid at 37 degrees C and also above 70 degrees C. Inactivation
      above 70 degrees C changed the mobility of the enzyme on sodium dodecyl
      sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, but inactivation at 37 degrees C did
      not affect the electrophoretic mobility. Triton X-100 effectively protected the
      enzyme against inactivation at 37 degrees C. The concentration required for the
      protection of the enzyme was more than its critical micelle concentration.
      Phospholipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol,
      cardiolipin, phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and
      lysophosphatidylcholine, also protected the enzyme against inactivation at 37
      degrees C. These results suggest that the binding of hydrophobic compounds
      stabilizes the enzyme.

PMID- 387751
TI  - On the role of the sterol hydroxyl group in membranes.
AB  - The adequacy of sterol derivatives containing a blocked 3-hydroxyl group for
      sustaining the growth of two sterol auxotrophs has been investigated. Mycoplasma
      capricolum, a cholesterol-requiring bacterium, grows nearly as well on media
      supplemented with cholesteryl methyl ether or cholesteryl acetate as on free
      cholesterol. The two derivatives are recovered unchanged from the bacterial
      cells. Similarly, cholesteryl methyl ether or ergosteryl methyl ether replace
      cholesterol or ergosterol as sterol sources for a yeast mutant, strain GL7,
      defective in 2,3-oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclization. During aerobic or
      semianaerobic growth, yeast cells demethylate some of the cholesteryl methyl
      ether to free cholesterol. However, cells growing on cholesterol methyl ether
      under strict anaerobic conditions do not produce free sterol. The bearing of
      these results on the postulated requirement of a free sterol hydroxyl group for
      membrane function is discussed. Sterol esterification does not appear to be
      essential for the two microbial systems.

PMID- 387752
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the intercistronic region preceding the gene for RNA
      polymerase subunit alpha in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The gene for RNA polymerase subunit alpha is a co-transcribed with several
      ribosomal protein genes (Jaskunas, S.R., Burgess, R.R., and Nomura, M. (1975)
      Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 72, 5036-5040). The DNA sequence whicch codes for
      the COOH-terminal amino acids of S4 and the NH2-terminal amino acids of alpha,
      and the 25 nucleotide intercistronic sequence have been determined. This short
      distance supports the idea that some post-transcriptional regulation determines
      the differential synthesis of alpha and ribosomal proteins.

PMID- 387753
TI  - The location and local environment of the active sites of aspartate
      transcarbamylase.

PMID- 387754
TI  - The enzymes of the galactose cluster in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Purification
      and characterization of galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase.

PMID- 387755
TI  - A synthetic tyrosine suppressor tRNA gene with an altered promoter sequence. Its
      cloning and relative expression in vivo.
AB  - The total synthesis of a tyrosine suppressor tRNA gene with a modified promoter
      is described. The alteration involves the replacement of the four G:C base pairs
      immediately preceding the start point of transcription by A:T base pairs. The new
      sequence contains the recognition sequence for the HindIII restriction
      endonuclease at the transcriptional start point, thus permitting fusion of the
      structural gene with promoters containing independent sequence modifications. The
      construction, cloning, and biological activity of several recombinant DNAs
      containing the tRNA gene with the modified promoter are described. The expression
      of this gene in vivo is compared with that of both the unmodified synthetic
      suppressor gene and a naturally occurring tyr su3+ gene cloned onto a multicopy
      plasmid.

PMID- 387756
TI  - Diastereomers of the nucleoside phosphorothioates as probes of the structure of
      the metal nucleotide substrates and of the nucleotide binding site of yeast
      hexokinase.

PMID- 387758
TI  - The amino acid sequence of the trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase
      specified in Escherichia coli by R-plasmid R67.
AB  - The amino acid sequence of a trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductase (EC
      1.5.1.3) specified by the R-plasmid R67 is described. The sequence was deduced
      from automatic and manual sequence analysis of the intact protein, the fragments
      produced by cyanogen bromide cleavage, and peptides derived from the largest
      cyanogen bromide fragment by digestion with trypsin, Staphylococcus aureus V8
      proteus, chymotrypsin, and Lysobacter enzymogenes alpha-lytic protease. The
      complete sequence comprises 78 residues in a single polypeptide chain of
      molecular weight 8444. No evidence of heterogeneity was obtained, indicating that
      all subunits of the native enzyme are identical. Comparison of the sequence with
      that of all known dihydrofolate reductases shows no significant sequence
      homology.

PMID- 387757
TI  - Inhibition of the recBC enzyme of Escherichia coli by specific binding of
      pyridoxal 5'-phosphate to DNA binding site.
AB  - Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate rapidly abolished the DNA-hydrolyzing activities as well
      as DNA-dependent ATP-ase activity of the recBC enzyme of Escherichia coli.
      Pyridoxal also had an inhibitory effect on the enzyme but less effective than
      that of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate, pyridoxamine, or
      pyridoxine had no effect on the activities of the enzyme. The inhibition was
      rapidly reversed by dilution but could be made irreversible by reduction with
      sodium borohydride prior to dilution. This suggests the formation of Schiff base
      between pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue
      which is essential for the enzyme activity. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is a
      competitive inhibitor of DNA substrate but not of ATP. Furthermore, the presence
      of DNA substrate protected the enzyme from inactivation by the reduction but the
      presence of ATP showed no effect. Thus, the recBC enzyme appears to have an
      essential lysine residue at or near the DNA binding site of the enzyme, and the
      enzyme possesses two independent catalytic sites, such as a DNA binding site and
      an ATP binding site.

PMID- 387759
TI  - Reversal of methotrexate binding to dihydrofolate reductase by dihydrofolate.
      Studies with pure enzyme and computer modeling using network thermodynamics.

PMID- 387760
TI  - Identification of two different RNase H activities associated with yeast RNA
      polymerase A.
AB  - Two ribonuclease H activities have been found in yeast RNA polymerase A. The
      nuclease activities comigrated with subunits A49 (Mr = 49,000) and A40 (Mr =
      40,000), after electrophoresis in a sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel
      containing [32P](rG)n . (dC)n as substrate. Both activities were also found,
      among other nucleases, in a high salt chromatin extract. Several lines of
      evidence suggest that the chromatin RNase H of 49,000 daltons (RNase H49) is the
      same protein as subunit A49. They co-migrate on sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel
      electrophoresis, have the same chromatographic properties, and dissociate
      simultaneously from RNA polymerase A. Fractions containing RNase H49 stimulate
      RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase A* lacking A49 and A34.5 subunits. Finally,
      limited proteolysis of the protein band having RNase H49 activity yields the
      characteristic fingerprint of the A49 subunit. This subunit, therefore, exists in
      two states: bound to chromatin and associated with RNA polymerase A. On the other
      hand, it is not yet clear whether the RNase H activity of 40,000 daltons,
      associated with RNA polymerase A, is due to the A40 subunit or whether it
      represents a trace contamination by a very active nuclease tightly bound to the
      enzyme.

PMID- 387762
TI  - Purification and properties of the sn-glycerol 3-phosphate-binding protein of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - A binding protein for sn-glycerol 3-phosphate was isolated from the cell envelope
      of Escherichia coli by the cold osmotic shock procedure. The protein was purified
      to homogeneity. It has a molecular weight of 45,000 and binds sn-glycerol 3
      phosphate with a KD of 0.2 microM. The protein is monomeric and has L-leucine as
      NH2-terminal amino acid. The intrinsic fluorescence of the protein is altered
      upon binding of substrate. At an excitation of 285 nm, the emission maximum at
      340 nm is quenched and shifted to 330 nm. Binding of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate is
      reversible and no chemical alteration occurs with the substrate. The appearance
      of the binding protein in the periplasm is the result of a mutation that renders
      the cells constitutive for sn-glycerol 3-phosphate transport. Simultaneously, two
      other proteins appear in the periplasm. These proteins were also purified. They
      do not bind sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and do not cross-react with antibodies
      against the pure binding protein.

PMID- 387761
TI  - Evidence for a second histidine at the active site of succinyl-CoA synthetase
      from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Ethoxyformic anhydride was used to demonstrate the existence of a second
      important histidine in succinyl-CoA synthetase from Escherichia coli.
      Differential labeling of the enzyme by [3H]ethoxyformic anhydride gave a
      stoichiometry of one important histidine per alpha beta catalytic unit. Data are
      presented suggesting that this residue and an important thiol group on the beta
      subunit (Collier, G., and Nishimura, J.S. (1978) J. Biol. Chem. 253, 4938-4943)
      interact with each other during catalysis. A mechanism of action involving these
      2 residues is proposed for one of the partial reactions catalyzed by succinyl-CoA
      synthetase.

PMID- 387763
TI  - Determinants of the action of phospholipases A on the envelope phospholipids of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 387764
TI  - Role of secretory component, a secreted glycoprotein, in the specific uptake of
      IgA dimer by epithelial cells.
AB  - The binding of secretory component (SC) to epithelial cells and its role in the
      specific uptake of immunoglobulin A (IgA) dimer has been studied in rabbit
      mammary gland and liver. SC, Mr approximately 80,000, secreted by epithelial
      cells of the mammary gland was found associated with the cell surface of mammary
      cells in intact tissue. Dispersed mammary cells and plasma membrane-enriched
      fractions obtained from mammary glands of midpregnant rabbits bound 125I-labeled
      SC in a saturable time- and temperature-dependent process. The association rate
      followed a second order reversible reaction (k+1 approximately equal to 2.7 x
      10(6) M-1 min-1 at 4 degrees C) and equilibrium was reached in about 4 h at 4
      degrees C. The dissociation rate for membranes was first order (k-1 approximately
      equal to 1.7 x 10(-2) min-1 at 4 degrees C), whereas displacement from cells was
      incomplete. The apparent affinity constant was similar for membranes and cells
      (Ka approximately equal to 5 x 10(8) M-1) with one class of binding sites. The
      number of binding sites varied from one animal to another (260 to 7,000
      sites/mammary cell) in relation to endogenous occupancy by SC, which was assessed
      by immunocytochemistry and complement-mediated cytotoxicity. Rabbit liver and
      heart membranes did not bind SC, and serum proteins present in rabbit milk failed
      to interact with mammary cells or membranes. Mammary membranes or cells and liver
      membranes bound 125I-labeled IgA dimer in a saturable, reversible time- and
      temperature-dependent process. Association and dissociation rate constants at 4
      degrees C (k+1 approximately equal to 5 x 10(6) M-1 min-1 and k-1 approximately
      equal to 5 x 10(-3) min-1, respectively) and the apparent affinity constant (Ka
      approximately equal to 10(9) M-1) were similar for liver and mammary membranes;
      these parameters differed, however, from those reported for free SC-IgA dimer
      interaction. The binding capacity of membranes for IgA dimer was directly related
      to the amount of free SC bound to membranes. Interaction of IgA dimer with
      mammary or liver membranes or cells was abrogated by excess of free SC and was
      prevented by preincubation of membranes or cells with Fab antibody fragments
      directed against SC. These data indicate that the first step in the translocation
      process of polymeric immunoglobulins across epithelia consists of binding of SC
      to the surface of epithelial cells which in turn acts as a receptor for the
      specific uptake of IgA dimer.

PMID- 387765
TI  - RNase E, an RNA processing enzyme from Escherichia coli.
AB  - An activity, RNase E, was purified about 100-fold from Escherichia coli cells, it
      can process p5 rRNA from a 9 S RNA molecule which accumulates in a mutant of E.
      coli defective in the maturation of 5 S rRNA. The enzyme requires Na+, K+, or
      NH4+, and Mg2+ or Mn2+. The molecular weight of the enzyme is about 70,000 and
      its pH optimum is 7.6 to 8.0. Its temperature optimum is around 30 degrees C, and
      it can be irreversibly inactivated at 50 degrees C. It has a very high degree of
      specificity but the reaction can be inhibited by nonspecific RNAs. We interpret
      its mode of action in producing p5 RNA as being accomplished in two steps, 9 S
      RNA is first processed to 7 S and 4 S, and subsequently 7 S is further processed
      to p5.

PMID- 387766
TI  - Blocking of the initiation of protein biosynthesis by a pentanucleotide
      complementary to the 3' end of Escherichia coli 16 S rRNA.
AB  - Hydrogen bonding between the 3' terminus of 16 S rRNA (... C-A-C-C-U-C-C-U-U-A
      OH3) and complementary sequences within the initiator region of mRNA may be a
      crucial event in the specific initiation of protein biosynthesis (Shine, J., and
      Dalgarno, L. (1974) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 71, 1342-1346; Steitz, J. A.,
      and Jakes, K. (1975) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 72, 4734-4738). Using
      equilibrium dialysis, we have studied the binding of G-A-dG-dG-U (which is
      complementary to the 3' end of 16 S rRNA and which has been synthesized
      enzymatically) to initiation factor-free Escherichia coli ribosomes. We have also
      investigated the effects of the pentanucleotide on initiation reactions in E.
      coli ribosomes. G-A-dG-dG-U has a specific binding site on the 30 S ribosome with
      an association constant of 2 x 10(6) M-1 at 0 degrees C. G-A-dG-dG-U inhibits the
      R17 mRNA-dependent binding of fMet-tRNA by about 70%, both with 70 S ribosomes
      and 30 S subunits. In contrast, the A-U-G-dependent initiation reaction and the
      poly(U)-dependent Phe-tRNA binding was not affected by the pentanucleotide with
      both ribosomal species.

PMID- 387768
TI  - Bacterial mutants affecting phage T7 DNA replication produce RNA polymerase
      resistant to inhibition by the T7 gene 2 protein.

PMID- 387767
TI  - Spectroscopic analysis of the interaction of Escherichia coli DNA-dependent RNA
      polymerase with T7 DNA and synthetic polynucleotides.
AB  - We have studied the circular dichroism and ultraviolet difference spectra of T7
      bacteriophage DNA and various  synthetic polynucleotides upon addition of
      Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. When RNA polymerase binds nonspecifically to T7
      DNA, the CD spectrum shows a decrease in the maximum at 272 but no detectable
      changes in other regions of the spectrum. This CD change can be compared with
      those associated with known conformational changes in DNA. Nonspecific binding to
      RNA polymerase leads to an increase in the winding angle, theta, in T7 DNA. The
      CD and UV difference spectra for poly[d(A-T)] at 4 degrees C show similar
      effects. At 25 degrees C, binding of RNA polymerase to poly[d(A-T)] leads to
      hyperchromicity at 263 nm and to significant changes in CD. These effects are
      consistent with an opening of the double helix, i.e. melting of a short region of
      the DNA. The hyperchromicity observed at 263 nm for poly[d(A-T)] is used to
      determine the number of base pairs disrupted in the binding of RNA polymerase
      holoenzyme. The melting effect involves about 10 base pairs/RNA polymerase
      molecule. Changes in the CD of poly(dT) and poly(dA) on binding to RNA polymerase
      suggest an unstacking of the bases with a change in the backbone conformation.
      This is further confirmed by the UV difference spectra. We also show direct
      evidence for differences in the template binding site between holo- and core
      enzyme, presumably induced by the sigma subunit. By titration of the enzyme with
      poly(dT) the physical site size of RNA polymerase on single-stranded DNA is
      approximately equal to 30 bases for both holo- and core enzyme. Titration of
      poly[d(A-T)] with polymerase places the figure at approximately equal to 28 base
      pairs for double-stranded DNA.

PMID- 387769
TI  - Potentiometric analysis of Escherichia coli cytochromes in the optical absorbance
      range of 500 nm to 700 nm.
AB  - The oxidation-reduction potentials of Escherichia coli cytochromes have been
      studied by a recently described technique for automated electrodic potentiometry
      (Hendler, R.W., Songco, D., and Clem, T.R. (1977) Anal. Chem. 49, 1908-1913;
      Hendler, R.W. (1977) Anal. Chem. 49, 1914-1918), where entire spectra are
      recorded at a series of solution potentials. New techniques for resolution of the
      spectra versus voltage data have been applied. The results indicate that a 1
      electron transport chain conducts electrons from substrate to cytochrome d, which
      is the cytochrome oxidase. Cytochrome d contains several components which appear
      to increase electron transfer first to a 2-electron stage and then to a 4
      electron stage for the final reduction of a molecule of oxygen to 2 molecules of
      water.

PMID- 387770
TI  - Substrate binding closes the cleft between the domains of yeast phosphoglycerate
      kinase.
AB  - Using small angle x-ray scattering from solutions of yeast phosphoglycerate
      kinase, we have measured the radius of gyration of the enzyme both in the
      presence and in the abscence of ligands. We find that the radius of gyration
      decreases by 1.09 +/- 0.34 A upon binding both substrates MgATP and 3
      phosphoglycerate to form the ternary complex. Smaller decreases, at the limit of
      the precision of the measurement, were found for the separate binding of MgATP
      (0.30 +/- 0.50 A). Using computer modeling, it has been estimated that a
      substrate-induced cleft closure in phosphoglycerate kinase resulting from one
      lobe rotating 8-14 degrees relative to the other lobe lobe is consistent with
      this observed change in radius of gyration. We suggest, therefore, that the
      conformational change that results in the smaller radius of gyration for the
      ternary complex is a hinge motion of the two lobes which produces a closing of
      the cleft between the two lobes. The apparent similarity of the ligand-induced
      change in phosphoglycerate kinase to the cleft closure in hexokinase suggests
      that this kind of conformational change may prove to be a rather general kinase
      phenomenon (Bennett, W.S., and Steitz T.A. (1978) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
      75, 4848-4852; Anderson, C.M., Zucker, F.H., and Steitz, T.A. (1979) Science 204,
      375-380).

PMID- 387771
TI  - Mechanisms of action of histidinol dehydrogenase and UDP-Glc dehydrogenase.
      Evidence that the half-reactions proceed on separate subunits.
AB  - Histidinol dehydrogenase and UDP-Glc dehydrogenase catalyze 4-electron
      dehydrogenations that convert primary alcohol groups to the corresponding acids.
      Both reactions proceed in two distinct steps involving the oxidation of the
      primary alcohol to a bound form of the intermediate aldehyde, followed by
      oxidation of this to the corresponding acid. The enzymes have subunit structure,
      the former is made up of two subunits and the latter of six (beef liver enzyme).
      Evidence is presented that the two half-reactions proceed independently of the
      overall reaction. Histidinol dehydrogenase preparations that approach total
      dissociation into subunits also approach total inhibition of the overall
      reaction, while the second half reaction is completely unaffected and 50% of the
      first half-reaction survives. Further, the fraction of overall activity surviving
      in partially dissociated preparations follows the weight fraction of residual
      dimer. UDP-Glc dehydrogenase behaves in an analogous fashion. These data are
      interpreted on the basis that both enzymes function by carrying out first
      oxidation step at a site on one subunit and then pass the intermediate to a
      vicinal site on the adjacent subunit, where the reaction is completed.

PMID- 387772
TI  - Regulation of 22Na+ transport by calcium in an established kidney epithelial cell
      line.
AB  - The role of calcium in regulating the Na+ channel in an established kidney
      epithelial cell line has been examined. Extracellular calcium was inhibitory to
      Na+ uptake, and a Dixon plot of the initial Na+ uptake rate in the presence of
      Ca2+ was nonlinear, suggesting a mixed pattern of inhibition. Similar patterns of
      inhibition were also observed for other divalent cations, including Ba2+, Mg2+,
      and Mn2+. In contrast elevated concentrations of intracellular calcium resulted
      in a stimulation of Na+ entry. This intracellular effect was specific to calcium,
      with Mg2+ and Mn2+ appearing much less effective. Lineweaver-Burk plots of Na+
      influx in calcium-loaded and unloaded cells were linear, suggesting that under
      both conditions a single system transported Na+. Although Na+ entry was
      stimulated by intracellular Ca2+, the cells did not exhibit other counter
      transport phenomena reported with cell types in which a Na+/Ca2+ exchange system
      is operative. Thus, the results indicate that calcium acts as an allosteric
      regulator of Na+ transport by the Na+ channel.

PMID- 387773
TI  - Specificity of phospholipases in methylcholanthrene-transformed mouse fibroblasts
      activated by bradykinin, thrombin, serum, and ionophore A23187.
AB  - Methylcholanthrene-transformed mouse fibroblasts synthesize prostaglandins in
      response to bradykinin, thrombin, serum, and the ionophore A23187. These agents
      activate phospholipases, thereby releasing fatty acids from phospholipids. To
      examine the phospholipid specificity of the phospholipases activated by
      bradykinin, thrombin, serum, and A23187, cells were labeled with [14C]arachidonic
      acid and stimulated with these agents in the presence of delipidated bovine serum
      albumin. Phospholipid classes were resolved by two-dimensional chromatography on
      silica gel-coated paper. Only phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine lost
      radioactivity upon stimulation. To characterize the fatty acid specificity of the
      phospholipases, cells were incubated with 14C-labeled stearic, oleic, linoleic,
      eicosatrienoic, or arachidonic acid and then exposed to the stimuli. Bradykinin,
      thrombin, and serum caused specific release of radioactivity into the medium only
      from cells labeled with arachidonic acid or eicosatrienoic acid, whereas A23187
      caused release from cells labeled with any one of the five fatty acids. We
      conclude that bradykinin, thrombin, and serum activate phospholipases that
      specifically hydrolyze arachidonyl and eicosatrienoyl phosphatidylinositol and
      phosphatidylcholine, whereas A23187 is less specific activator of phospholipases.

PMID- 387774
TI  - Role of ribosomal protein S12 in discrimination of aminoacyl-tRNA.

PMID- 387775
TI  - Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase of bacteriophage T7. Purification and properties
      of the phage-encoded subunit, the gene 5 protein.
AB  - DNA polymerase of bacteriophage T7 is composed of two subunits, the gene 5
      protein of the phage and the host-specified thioredoxin. The gene 5 protein has
      been purified 7400-fold to homogeneity from bacteriophage T7-infected Escherichia
      coli 7400 trxA cells that lack thioredoxin. The purification procedure has been
      monitored by using a complementation assay in which thioredoxin interacts with
      the gene 5 protein to form an active DNA polymerase. The purified gene 5 protein
      is a single polypeptide having a molecular weight of 87,000. The gene 5 protein
      itself has only 1 to 2% of the polymerase activity of T7 DNA polymerase. However,
      T7 DNA polymerase can be reconstituted by the addition of homogeneous thioredoxin
      to the gene 5 protein. Optimal reconstitution is obtained when the molar ratio of
      thioredoxin/gene 5 protein is 150. Under these conditions, the gene 5 protein
      attains approximately 80% of the activity of an equal amount of T7 DNA
      polymerase. The apparent Km for thioredoxin in the reaction to restore DNA
      polymerase activity is 2.8 x 10(-8) M. The enzymatic properties of the
      reconstituted enzyme are indistinguishable from those of T7 DNA polymerase
      synthesized in vivo; the reconstituted polymerase interacts with T7 gene 4
      protein to catalyze DNA synthesis on duplex DNA templates.

PMID- 387778
TI  - Sequence analysis of two yeast mitochondrial DNA fragments containing the genes
      for tRNA Ser UCR and tRNA Phe UUY.
AB  - Two restriction enzyme fragments containing yeast mitochondrial tRNA genes have
      been characterized by DNA sequence analysis. One of these fragments is 320 base
      pairs long and contains a tRNA Ser gene. The corresponding tRNA SER was isolated
      from yeast mitochondria and its nucleotide sequence also was determined. This
      mitochondrial tRNA is 90 nucleotides in length, has a G + C content of 38%, and
      has UGA as the anticodon. A portion of a 680-base-pair DNA fragment containing a
      tRNA Phe gene was also sequenced. The portion of this gene which codes for the
      mature tRNA is 75 base pairs in length, has a G + C content of 33%, and contains
      the anticodon GAA. Neither gene contains an intervening sequence or codes for the
      3' CCA terminus. Both are surrounded by regions of more than 90% A + T. The
      significance of these sequences is discussed.

PMID- 387777
TI  - Cloning of yeast mitochondrial DNA in the Escherichia coli plasmid pBR322.
      Identification of tRNA genes.

PMID- 387776
TI  - T7-induced DNA polymerase. Characterization of associated exonuclease activities
      and resolution into biologically active subunits.
AB  - Bacteriophage T7-induced DNA polymerase has been isolated by a procedure suitable
      for large scale use and which yields near homogeneous enzyme. In addition to
      previously described DNA polymerase activity and 3' to 5' exonucleolytic activity
      on single stranded DNA (Grippo, P., and Richardson, C. C. (1971) J. Biol. Chem.
      246, 6867-6873), the enzyme also possesses a highly active exonuclease which
      hydrolyzes duplex substrates with 3' to 5' directionality. The native polymerase
      has been dissociated using 6 M guanidine HCl and resolved into biologically
      active subunits: T7 gene 5 protein and Escherichia coli thioredoxin. The phage
      specified subunit obtained by this procedure is deficient in DNA polymerase and
      double strand exonuclease activities, with deficiencies in these activities being
      apparent at the level of a single turnover. However, it possesses near normal
      levels of a single strand hydrolytic activity which is identical to that
      associated with the native polymerase with respect to substrate specificity and
      suppression of hydrolysis by low levels of deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates.
      Thioredoxin forms a molecular complex with the T7 gene 5 protein, and addition of
      the host protein restores restores DNA polymerase and double strand exonuclease
      activities to near normal levels.

PMID- 387780
TI  - Primary structure and properties of an inactive mutant aspartate
      transcarbamoylase.
AB  - A mutant form of Escherichia coli aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) which
      lacks catalytic activity has been purified and characterized (Wall, K.A.,
      Flatgaard, J.E., Gibbons, I., and Schachman, H.K. (1979) J. Biol. Chem 254, 11910
      11916). Peptide mapping of the mutant and wild type catalytic chains followed by
      the determination of the amino acid sequence of the one altered peptide in the
      mutant indicated that a glycyl residue was replaced by aspartic acid. This
      substitution is located at position 125 in the tentative sequence kindly provided
      by W. Konigsberg (personal communication). The mutant protein has an overall
      secondary structure similar to that of the wild type as indicated by circular
      dichroism spectroscopy. However, marked changes in the reactivity of several
      amino acid residues were demonstrated. Lysyl residue 84 which in the wild type
      subunits reacts specifically with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is only slightly
      reactive in the mutant even though the peptide containing that residue was not
      altered in amino acid composition. Another residue, cysteinyl 46, which is
      thought to be in the active site, is much more reactive toward p
      hydroxymercuribenzoate in the mutant subunit than in the wild type protein.
      Finally, tyrosyl residue 213, which according to recent crystallographic studies
      is not near the active site and which exhibits an unusually low pK (9.1) in the
      wild type catalytic subunits, appears to have its pK shifted to 10.5 or higher as
      a result of the mutation. The evidence indicates that the substitution of an
      aspartyl for a glycyl residue at a region of the amino acid sequence remote from
      those residues in the active site causes sufficient modification of the tertiary
      structure to cause the loss of enzyme activity and to affect the reactivity of
      other residues in the protein. Moreover, the quaternary structure of the intact
      enzyme is altered as well since the subunit interactions are greatly weakened.

PMID- 387779
TI  - Purification and characterization of a mutant aspartate transcarbamoylase lacking
      enzyme activity.

PMID- 387781
TI  - Synthesis and properties of fluorescent nucleotide substrates for DNA-dependent
      RNA polymerases.
AB  - A new class of fluorescent nucleotide analogs which contain the fluorophore 1
      aminonaphthalene-5-sulfonate attached via a gamma-phosphoamidate bond has been
      synthesized. Both the purine and pyrimidine analogs have fluorescence emission
      maxima at 460 nm. Cleavage of the alpha-beta-phosphoryl bond produces change in
      both the absorption and fluorescence emission spectra. The fluorescence of the
      pyrimidine analogs is quenched; cleavage of the alpha-beta-phosphoryl bond of the
      UTP analog produces about a 14-fold increase in fluorescence intensity at 500 nm.
      Under the same conditions the fluorescence of the CTP analog increases about 8
      fold, whereas the fluorescence of the purine analogs shows only a slight change.
      These derivatives are good substrates for Escherichia coli RNA polymerase with
      only slightly increased Km values and with Vmax values about 50 to 70% that of
      the normal nucleotides. They are used less efficiently by wheat germ RNA
      polymerase II. The ATP analog can be used by E. coli RNA polymerase to initiate
      RNA chains.

PMID- 387783
TI  - Primary structure of yeast proteinase B inhibitor 2.
AB  - The complete amino acid sequence of yeast proteinase B inhibitor 2 (IB2) was
      determined to be H3N+-Thr-Lys-Asn-Phe-Ile-Val-Thr-Leu-Lys-Lys-Asn-Thr-Pro-Asp-Val
      Glu-Ala-Lys-Lys-Phe-Leu-Asp-Ser-Val-His-His-Ala-Gly-Gly-Ser-Ile-Leu-His-Glu-Phe
      Asp-Ile-Ile-Lys-Gly-Tyr-Thr-Ile-Lys-Val-Pro-Asp-Val-Leu-His-Leu-Asn-Lys-Leu-Lys
      Glu-Lys-His-Asn-Asp-Val-Ile-Glu-Asn-Val-Glu-Asp-Lys-Glu-Val-His-Thr-Asn-COO-.
      Elucidation of the primary structure was enabled by automated Edman degradation
      and COOH-terminal hydrolysis with carboxypeptidases A (bovine pancreas and Y
      (yeast). IB2 is the first proteinase inhibitor to be sequenced that possesses a
      structure devoid of disulfide bridges.

PMID- 387784
TI  - Oxygen-dependent cleavage of DNA by the 1,10-phenanthroline . cuprous complex.
      Inhibition of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I.

PMID- 387785
TI  - Regulation by temperature of the chain length of fatty acids in yeast.

PMID- 387782
TI  - Regulation by calcium of hormonal effects on gluconeogenesis.

PMID- 387786
TI  - Isolation of yeast tRNALeu genes. DNA sequence of a cloned tRNALeu3 gene.
AB  - A library of cloned yeast DNA fragments generated by digestion of yeast DNA with
      the restriction endonuclease Bam HI has been screened by colony hybridization to
      total yeast [32P]tRNA. Four hundred colonies carrying yeast tRNA genes were
      isolated. By hybridization to 125I-tRNALeu3, we have isolated from this
      collection 14 colonies carrying fragments containing yeast tRNALeu genes. The
      size of the yeast Bam HI inserts ranged from 2.45 x 10(6) to 14 x 10(6) daltons.
      One of these fragments was mapped in detail by restriction endonuclease digestion
      and hybridization to 125I-tRNALeu3. The presence of a tRNALeu3 gene was confirmed
      by DNA sequence. The results indicate that the tRNALeu3 coding region is not co
      linear with the tRNALeu3. An intervening tract of 33 base pairs interrupts the
      coding sequences 1 base pair past the anticodon coding region. The putative
      structure of a tRNALeu3 precursor is deduced in which the anticodon base pairs
      with residues from the intervening sequence.

PMID- 387787
TI  - Transcription, processing, and mapping of mitochondrial RNA from grande and
      petite yeast.
AB  - Mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) from petite yeast strains was analyzed by
      electrophoresis in agarose-urea, acrylamide-urea, and agarose-methyl mercuric
      hydroxide gels, and by transfer to diazobenzyloxy-methyl paper and hybridization
      to labeled mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Petites contain numerous mitochondrial
      transcripts, including processed species like 21 S and 14 S rRNA. Petite
      transcripts were found to fall into three classes: 1) bands that comigrate with
      grande mtRNA species; 2) "group-specific" new bands found in multiple strains and
      coinciding with specific regions of the mitochondrial genome; and 3) "strain
      specific" new bands found only in individual petite strains. A deletion map was
      constructed in which we used the presence or absence of the first two types of
      mtRNA bands in specific strains, and the restriction endonuclease map of these
      strains. This map confirmed the localization of 21 S and 14 S rRNA, which were
      mapped previously by hybridization, and also localized more than 20 additional
      mtRNA species. The mtRNA species were grouped in regions of the genome in a
      fashion that strongly suggests that many of them are precursors to fully
      processed mtRNA species. Hybridization experiments with grande mtRNA and cloned
      mtDNA fragments have shown the same kind of transcript grouping. Other
      hybridization experiments have demonstrated two apparent precursors to 21 S rRNA
      (3700 nucleotides) measuring 5500 and 4500 nucleotides. Processed tRNAs are found
      only in petites that contain a specific region of the genome near the P
      (paromomycin resistance) locus. When this region is absent, processed tRNAs are
      not detected, even for tRNA genes quite distant from the P locus. Since this
      phenotype is expressed in petites that lack mitochondrial protein synthesis, and
      since it maps to a specific location in the mitochondrial genome, there appears
      to be a mtRNA species which has a role in processing of mitochondrial tRNA.

PMID- 387788
TI  - Ca2+-dependent protein phosphorylation of purely cholinergic Torpedo
      synaptosomes.
AB  - Preincubation of intact, purely cholinergic Torpedo synaptosomes with [32P]Pi
      results in the incorporation of 32P into about 10 specific proteins. Depolarizing
      the Torpedo synaptosomes by a high K+ buffer or treatment with the Ca2+ ionophore
      A23187 result in Ca2+ uptake, in acetylcholine (ACh) release, and in a marked
      increase of 32P incorporation into a specific protein band with an apparent
      subunit molecular weight of 100,000 (band alpha). The kinetics of synaptosomal
      45Ca2+ uptake, of 32P incorporation into band alpha, and of ACh release is
      similar and reach maximal values about 45 s after the synaptosomes have been
      treated. Sr2+ and Ba2+ can replace Ca2+ in evoking both K+ depolarization
      dependent ACh release and 32P incorporation into band alpha. The effectiveness of
      these ions (Ca2+ greater than Sr2+ greater than Ba2+) is similar in both cases.
      The data presented suggest that Ca2+ accumulation by Torpedo synaptosomes leads
      to an increase in the phosphorylation of a specific protein and to ACh release.
      This phosphoprotein may be involved in the regulation of presynaptic processes
      which underly ACh release.

PMID- 387789
TI  - Isotope trapping studies of yeast hexokinase during steady state catalysis. A
      combined rapid quench and isotope trapping technique.

PMID- 387790
TI  - dnaG (primase)-dependent origins of DNA replication. Nucleotide sequences of the
      negative strand initiation sites of bacteriophages St-1, phi K, and alpha 3.
AB  - The simplest known origins of DNA replication occur in the single-stranded
      bacteriophages. In one set of phages, negative strand synthesis is initiated by a
      single protein, the product of the Escherichia coli replication gene dnaG.
      Evidently, in these phages--G4, St-1, phi K, and alpha 3--the origin for negative
      strand synthesis consists of a nucleic acid element capable of direct recognition
      by the dnaG priming protein. We have located and sequenced the origins of
      negative strand synthesis in St-1, phi K, and alpha 3, and compared them with the
      origin sequence previously determined for G4. In each case, the point at which
      the negative strand is initiated can be identified at the nucleotide level. The
      data lead to the following conclusions: 1. In all four phages, the negative
      strand initiation site occurs within an intercistronic region of approximately
      135 bases. While in G4, the origin lies between genes specifying the viral coat
      proteins F and G, the origin is shifted in St-1, phi K, and alpha 3 to a position
      between coat protein genes G and H. 2. Extensive nucleotide conservation exists
      at the negative strand origin, but does not extend into the adjacent coding
      regions. The conserved origin DNA occurs in two regions, 42 and 45 bases long,
      which are separated by 13 bases of divergent sequence. 3. Correlated with the two
      stretches of conserved nucleotide sequence are two regions of potential secondary
      structure. The start point of negative strand synthesis lies just prior to one of
      these hairpins. Similarities in both primary sequence and secondary structure can
      be found between the negative strand origins of G4, St-1, phi K, and alpha 3 and
      the general origin regions of bacteriophage lambda and of E. coli.

PMID- 387791
TI  - Bacteriophage fd gene II-protein. I. Purification, involvement in RF replication,
      and the expression of gene II.

PMID- 387792
TI  - Bacteriophage fd gene II-protein. II. Specific cleavage and relaxation of
      supercoiled RF from filamentous phages.
AB  - Bacteriophage fd gene II-protein was characterized as an endonuclease which
      specifically nicked supercoiled replicative form (RF) of filamentous phages in
      the viral strand. No other supercoiled DNAs tested were attacked by the enzyme,
      nor were doubly closed fd RF in the relaxed state nor phage fd single strands.
      Maximal activity was found at pH 8.5 and 80 mM KCl using fd RFI of physiological
      superhelicity. Mg2+, but no other cofactor, was required for the cleavage
      reaction. A sealing activity was found to be associated with the enzyme. At a
      higher concentration of Mg2+ up to 40% of the reaction products were found as
      doubly closed relaxed fd RF. The protein was not found to be tightly attached to
      the cleaved strand.

PMID- 387793
TI  - The association of var1 with the 38 S mitochondrial ribosomal subunit in yeast.

PMID- 387795
TI  - Professor Robert-Henri Regamey, 1907-1978.

PMID- 387794
TI  - The role of var1 in the assembly of yeast mitochondrial ribosomes.

PMID- 387796
TI  - Potency of 10 BCG vaccines as evaluated by their influence on the bacillemic
      phase of experimental airborne tuberculosis in guinea-pigs.

PMID- 387797
TI  - Assessment of several BCG vaccines in different animal test systems (additional
      studies to an IABS collaborative assay).

PMID- 387798
TI  - A microtest for the quantitation of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies.

PMID- 387799
TI  - The treatment of congenital vertical talus.
AB  - Operative correction of congenital vertical talus in nine feet in six patients is
      described. The operation consists of the comprehensive lengthening of the tendons
      in the foot and full peritalar release without excision of the navicular; it is
      performed through a dorsal transverse incision.

PMID- 387800
TI  - Wear of high-density polyethylene on bone and cartilage.
AB  - Wear of high-density polyethylene on bone and cartilage has resulted in a large
      volume of plastic particles being shed into the two knees and two hips studied.
      The giant-cell foreign-body reaction of the synovium may not be sufficient to
      cope with the amount of debris presented and the destruction of the endosteal
      bone in one hip, caused by the wear particles and movement of the prosthesis, has
      made revision impossible. Articulation of high-density polyethylene against bone
      or cartilage either by design or by the failure of alignment of the component
      must be avoided.

PMID- 387801
TI  - Walter Barham Foley 1889-1979.

PMID- 387802
TI  - Christopher George Attenborough 1922-1979.

PMID- 387803
TI  - A perspective on adjuvant chemotherapy of testicular cancer.

PMID- 387804
TI  - Hodgkin's disease in childhood.
AB  - The histopathologic study of 103 patients with Hodgkin's disease including 5
      cases who had staging laparotomy during the last 10 years were reviewed. The
      following conclusions were drawn: 1. No significant sex difference among subtypes
      were noted. 2. Associated glomerulopathy, nephrotic syndromes, and amyloidosis
      were occasionally found. 3. In childhood lymphomas excluding leukemia are the
      most frequent malignacies. Among the lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease predominates.
      4. The most frequent subtype both in the original biopsy and after staging
      laparotomy was mixed cellularity. The nodular sclerosis type was the rarest. The
      subtypes generally did not change in the subsequent biopsies and in laparatomy
      done up to 6 months later. 5. It is most frequently noted in cervical area. Males
      are affected more than females. The peak incidence was in the first decade of age
      group. A brief review of the literature and discussion on the comparison of data
      from other countries is given.

PMID- 387805
TI  - Donald Hunter--the first Editor of the British Journal of Industrial Medicine.

PMID- 387807
TI  - Rapid isolation of Legionella pneumophila from seeded donor blood.
AB  - The laboratory isolation of Legionella pneumophila from seeded donor blood, using
      the lysis-centrifugation technique, is described. Time to pure culture isolate
      was 3 to 4 days.

PMID- 387806
TI  - Involvement of histone H1 in the organization of the nucleosome and of the salt
      dependent superstructures of chromatin.
AB  - We describe the results of a systematic study, using electron microscopy, of the
      effects of ionic strength on the morphology of chromatin and of H1-depleted
      chromatin. With increasing ionic strength, chromatin folds up progressively from
      a filament of nucleosomes at approximately 1 mM monovalent salt through some
      intermediate higher-order helical structures (Thoma, F., and T. Koller, 1977,
      Cell 12:101-107) with a fairly constant pitch but increasing numbers of
      nucleosomes per turn, until finally at 60 mM (or else in approximately 0.3 mM
      Mg++) a thick fiber of 250 A diameter is formed, corresponding to a structurally
      well-organized but not perfectly regular superhelix or solenoid of pitch
      approximately 110 A as described by Finch and Klug (1976, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
      U.S.A. 73:1897-1901). The numbers of nucleosomes per turn of the helical
      structures agree well with those which can be calculated from the light
      scattering data of Campbell et al. (1978, Nucleic Acids Res. 5:1571-1580). H1
      depleted chromatin also condenses with increasing ionic strength but not so
      densely as chromatin and not into a definite structure with a well-defined fiber
      direction. At very low ionic strengths, nucleosomes are present in chromatin but
      not in H1-depleted chromatin which has the form of an unravelled filament. At
      somewhat higher ionic strengths (greater than 5 mM triethanolamine chloride),
      nucleosomes are visible in both types of specimen but the fine details are
      different. In chromatin containing H1, the DNA enters and leaves the nucleosome
      on the same side but in chromatin depleted of H1 the entrance and exit points are
      much more random and more or less on opposite sides of the nucleosome. We
      conclude that H1 stabilizes the nucleosome and is located in the region of the
      exit and entry points of the DNA. This result is correlated with biochemical and
      x-ray crystallographic results on the internal structure of the nucleosome core
      to give a picture of a nucleosome in which H1 is bound to the unique region on a
      complete two-turn, 166 base pair particle (Fig. 15). In the formation of higher
      order structures, these regions on neighboring nucleosomes come closer together
      so that an H1 polymer may be formed in the center of the superhelical structures.

PMID- 387808
TI  - Detection of Candida antigen in sera of patients with candidiasis by an enzyme
      linked immunosorbent assay-inhibition technique.
AB  - A total of 37 serum samples from 27 cancer patients were tested by an enzyme
      linked immunosorbent assay-inhibition technique for the detection of Candida
      antigen. In 20 randomly chosen sera from patients without clinical evidence of
      candidiasis and in 10 sera from patients proven by autopsy not to have
      candidiasis, the inhibition ranged up to 17%; in contrast, inhibition ranged from
      22 to 56% in all seven patients proven by autopsy to have systemic candidiasis,
      indicating the presence of Candida antigen in the sera of these patients. This
      technique appears promising in diagnosing disseminated candidiasis in cancer
      patients.

PMID- 387809
TI  - API and Minitek systems in identification of clinical isolates of anaerobic gram
      negative bacilli and Clostridium species.
AB  - A comparison of the API and Minitek methods of biochemical testing was made on a
      variety of anaerobic bacteria. Although API and Minitek results were not compared
      to more standardized or conventional procedures of identification, multiple
      repeat testing of the two systems was done on routine clinical isolates and known
      organisms to determine (i) whether the reactions were reliably consistent, (ii)
      the ease of reading the two systems with respect to the frequency of questionable
      results, and (iii) the percentage of routine clinical isolates for which each
      system yielded an identification. The Minitek system gave a much lower incidence
      of difficult to interpret reactions. The two systems were comparable in terms of
      reproducibility and capability of yielding an identification of the anaerobic
      gram-negative bacilli and Clostridium species, but were unsatisfactory for
      routine use on most of the other anaerobic bacteria isolated.

PMID- 387810
TI  - Serotyping of Serratia marcescens: current status of seven recently described
      flagellar (H) antigens.
AB  - The slightly revised, current scheme of 20 flagellar (H) antigens of Serratia
      marcesens was examined. The seven new H antigens were demonstrated to be
      antigenically distinct as determined with Le Minor's H-immobilization test. The H
      immobilization antibodies of rabbit anti-H immune sera proved resistant to
      treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol and dithiothreitol, respectively. On the other
      hand, dual absorptions of rabbit anti-H immune sera with killed cells of
      Staphylococcus aureus strain Cowan I, i.e., protein A, failed to reduce
      significantly H-immobilization titers of rabbit sera, although human
      immunoglobulins G and M were bound by protein A. It was tentatively concluded
      that the 2-mercaptoethanol- and dithiothreitol-refractory H-immobilizing rabbit
      antibodies belonged to the immunoglublin M class. H-antigen (phase) variation was
      not demonstrable in several extramural, clinical isolates of S. marcescens for
      which this phenomenon had been claimed. Rather, four of these six isolates were
      found to consist of cell populations of two distinct serotypes, as also borne out
      by bacteriocin typing; the flagellar H-antigens of the remaining two isolates
      were stable, with minor, hterologous H-antigen cross-reactivity.

PMID- 387811
TI  - Primary plate identification of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci utilizing a
      two-disk technique.
AB  - A two-disk system is described which allows primary plate identification of group
      A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci could be
      visualized on primary throat culture plates by using trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole to inhibit normal flora. In the heavily inoculated area of
      Trypticase soy agar plates containing 5% sheep blood, a 25-microgram/ml
      trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole disk was placed contiguous to a 0.04-U bacitracin
      disk. A total of 259 throat specimens were examined with this two-disk system.
      The swabs from these throat specimens were incubated in Todd-Hewitt broth. The
      bacterial pellet from the broths was stained by fluorescent antibody as a
      control. Of the cultures that were determined to be positive on the plates, 75%
      could be read unequivocally after overnight incubation, whereas the remaining 25%
      required subculture. The plates recovered 91% of the cultures which were
      considered as true positives by the broth-fluorescent-antibody technique. This
      method provided a significant savings in time compared with standard plate
      methods and in cost of materials compared with broth-fluorescent-antibody
      methods. This technique is particularly valuable for producing rapid results in
      laboratories where fluorescence microscopy would not be cost-effective.

PMID- 387812
TI  - Characteristics of noncultivable adenoviruses associated with diarrhea in
      infants: a new subgroup of human adenoviruses.
AB  - Virus particles morphologically resembling adenovirus were found in fecal
      specimens from infants and were examined for cultivability with standard cell
      culture techniques and for characteristics of human adenoviruses. Specimens from
      13 of 15 infants could not be cultivated in cell cultures. The two adenoviruses
      that were cultivated, types 1 and 31, reacted in the expected manner in all
      tests. Counterimmunoelectrophoresis with group-specific anti-hexon serum
      confirmed that the observed particles in the 15 specimens were human
      adenoviruses. The buoyant density in sucrose of five of the noncultivable
      adenoviruses in original stool suspensions averaged 1.335 g/cm(3) and that of the
      two cultivable ones averaged 1.332 g/cm(3); both groups had typical adenovirus
      morphology by electron microscopy. Treatment of the specimens and of a variety of
      tissue culture cells with proteolytic and other enzymes did not improve
      cultivability. Examination of partially purified virus by immunoelectron
      microscopy did not reveal evidence of immunoglobulin A, G, or M coating on the
      particles, an indication that coproantibody inhibition was not the cause of
      noncultivability. Fluorescent-antibody studies with an antihexon conjugate and
      counterimmunoelectrophoresis studies of serially passaged noncultivable viruses
      indicated that the viruses are infecting cells but are not undergoing effective
      replication. Antisera to three of the noncultivable viruses demonstrated
      homologous reactions in counterimmunoelectrophoresis with the respective
      immunizing antigens but showed only low levels of hemagglutination-inhibiting and
      neutralizing activity to a few of the known human adenoviruses. We concluded that
      the noncultivable viruses in these infant diarrhea cases were indeed human
      adenoviruses, were not defective particles, were not bound to coproantibody, were
      infectious but incapable of effective relication in conventional cell cultures,
      were serologically related to types 11, 17, 32, and 33, and should be considered
      a new, distinct subgroup.

PMID- 387813
TI  - Antigen requirements, sensitivity, and specificity of enzyme immunoassays for
      measles and rubella viral antibodies.
AB  - Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) systems for measles virus and rubella virus were studied
      from the standpoints of requirements for suitable viral antigens and control
      antigens, and the sensitivity and specificity of the tests for detecting antibody
      elicited by past infection (determination of immunity status), and for
      serodiagnosis of currenet infections. Crude or semipurified measles virus
      antigens were satisfactory for EIA, but antigens derived by pelleting virus from
      infected cell culture fluids were slightly more specific in their reactivity than
      were antigens produced from lysates of infected cells. However, reliable rubella
      EIA antigens could be produced only from infected cell culture fluids, and they
      required density gradient purification to render them suitably specific. Even
      with gradient-purified rubella antigens, it was necessary to use antigen prepared
      in an identical fashion from uninfected cell culture fluids as a control on the
      specificity of reactions obtained with test sera. With appropriate viral antigens
      and control antigens, both measles and rubella EIA systems were highly sensitive
      and specific for determination of immunity status and for serodiagnosis of
      current infections. Antibody was detectable earlier in the course of infection by
      EIA than by hemagglutination inhibition or complement fixation, but this did not
      limit the diagnostic value of the test, since titer increases demonstrable by EIA
      were usually greater than those detectable by hemagglutination inhibition or
      complement fixation tests.

PMID- 387814
TI  - Presumptive identification of group A, B, and D streptococci on agar plate media.
AB  - Several presumptive tests were evaluated for their effectiveness in
      differentiating streptococci. When the tests were combined into a battery and the
      resulting reactions were interpreted as patterns, the overall presumptive
      identification rate was at least 97%. We used the hemolytic reaction,
      susceptibility to bacitracin and sulfamethoxazole plus trimethoprim (1.25
      micrograms plus 23.75 micrograms), and standard CAMP reactions on sheep blood
      Trypticase soy agar, and bile-esculin and 6.5% NaCl agar tolerance tests with
      incubation in candle extinction jars. Subsequently, 98.9% of the group A; 95.3%
      of the group B; 100% of the beta-hemolytic non-group A, B, or D; 92.3% of group D
      enterococcal; 100% of the group D non-enterococcal; and 92.8% of the viridans
      streptococci were presumptively identified. We then used the hemolytic reactions,
      susceptibility of bacitracin and sulfamethoxazole-plus-trimethoprim disks, CAMP
      disk reactions on sheep blood Trypticase soy agar and bile-esculin and 6.5% NaCl
      agar tolerance tests with incubation in normal atmosphere. Subsequently, 98.1% of
      the group A; 98.6% of the group B; 99.2% of the beta hemolytic non-group A, B, or
      D; 97.5% of the group D entercoccal; 97.6% of the group D non-entercoccal; and
      92.4% of the viridans strains were presumptively identified.

PMID- 387815
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a polyene-resistant variant of Candida
      tropicalis.
AB  - An atypical variant of Candida tropicalis was recovered from multiple specimens
      from a patient who had been a recipient of a bone marrow transplant. This yeast
      variant showed atypical morphology on corn meal agar distinguishable from typical
      isolates of C. tropicalis by the production of clusters of blastospores. Isolates
      of the variant produced acid, but no gas, from maltose and sucrose in
      fermentation tests. Isolates from blood, pleural fluid, respiratory secretions,
      and stool specimens were susceptible to amphotericin B and nystatin in an agar
      dilution system. However, eight isolates of the variant C. tropicalis recovered
      over a period of 4 weeks from the patient's urine after amphotericin B therapy
      were found to be resistant to amphotericin B and nystatin. The isolate recovered
      after 7 days of therapy had minimal inhibitory concentrations of 100 micrograms
      of amphotericin B and 20 micrograms of nystatin per ml, whereas the seven
      isolates recovered subsequently had minimal inhibitory concentrations of greater
      than 500 micrograms of amphotericin B and 50 micrograms of nystatin per ml. The
      resistant isolates concomitantly lost the capacity to utilize amino acids that
      susceptible isolates could utilize. Ultraviolet absorption spectra of
      nonsaponifiable fractions of whole cells showed that resistant isolates lacked
      ergosterol, which susceptible isolates contained.

PMID- 387816
TI  - Rapid diagnosis of influenza A infection by direct immunofluorescence of
      nasopharyngeal aspirates in adults.
AB  - The efficacy for direct immunofluorescence of a commercial conjugate for
      influenza A virus prepared against whole A/Udorn (H3NS) virus was studied. The
      conjugate was specific for influenza A virus, but its sensitivity varied
      depending upon the strain of influenza A tested. Nasopharyngeal aspirates
      collected from 25 patients during an outbreak of influenza were examined for
      viral antigen with the conjugates and inoculated onto monkey kidney (MK) cells
      for virus isolation. Fifteen patients had isolates for influenza A/USSR/90/77
      (H1N1); nasopharyngeal secretions were fluorescent antibody positive in 12.
      Fluorescent antibody was copositive with culture in 11/15 patients (73.3%) and
      conegative in 9/10 (90%). The one fluorescent antibody-positive, culture-negative
      patient had negative serology for influenza A and the fluorescent antibody result
      was considered to be a false positive. At a 1:10 dilution, the conjugate stained
      nasopharyngeal and MK cells infected with A/USSR (H1N1) 2 to 3+, whereas cells
      infected with H3N2 virus stained 4+. A conjugate made specifically against the
      ribonucleoprotein antigen, which is universal to all influenza A strains, may
      improve the sensitivity of the direct immunofluorescent test.

PMID- 387817
TI  - Isolation of Mycoplasma bovis from a patient with systemic illness.
AB  - Mycoplasma bovis was cultured from the sputum of a patient with lobar pneumonia,
      psychosis, and probable myocarditis, nephritis, and hemolytic anemia. Although we
      cannot be certain that this species of mycoplasma was the etiological agent of
      the patient's acute illness, this case report is of interest because, to the best
      of our knowledge, it represents the first isolation of M. bovis from a human
      source.

PMID- 387818
TI  - Efficacy of cold enrichment techniques for recovery of Yersinia enterocolitica
      from human stools.
AB  - Stool specimens from children with gastroenteritis and their household contacts
      were cultured for Yersinia enterocolitica by direct plating onto routine
      laboratory media. These stools were also inoculated into phosphate-buffered
      saline and subcultured to the same media after 1 day or 3 weeks of incubation at
      4 degrees C. Y. enterocolitica was isolated from 174 index cases and 34 household
      contacts. One hundred eighty-one isolates were of serotype O:3, and the remaining
      21 belonged to other serotypes. Eighty-one percent (147/181) of O:3 isolates were
      recovered by direct plating, and 6.1% (11/181) and 13% (23/181) were recovered by
      1-day and 3-week cold enrichment, respectively. For other serotypes, 26% (7/27),
      0%, and 74% (20/27) were isolated by direct plating, 1-day cold enrichment, and 3
      week cold enrichment, respectively. The efficacy of the cold enrichment for the
      patients were still symptomatic, 94 and 6% of Y. enterocolitica were identified
      by direct plating and cold enrichment, respectively. Isolation rates were 66% by
      direct plating and 34% by cold enrichment when stools were obtained from
      asymptomatic carriers or from those convalescing from Y. enterocolitica
      gastroenteritis. These results indicate that the cold enrichment methods increase
      the sensitivity of Y. entercolitica culture methods considerably in convalescent
      and asymptomatic subjects but only minimally in patients with diarrhea caused by
      serotype O:3.

PMID- 387819
TI  - Metabolism of arachidonic acid in ionophore-stimulated neutrophils.
      Esterification of a hydroxylated metabolite into phospholipids.
AB  - [14C]Arachidonic acid incubated with human neutrophils was esterified into
      phospholipids and triglycerides. Stimulation of these labeled neutrophils with
      ionophore A23187 (2 microM) results in release of [14C]arachidonate from
      phospholipid and its metabolism to prostaglandin E2 and 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14
      eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE), a lipoxygenase product. The released arachidonate
      is also metabolized to a polar lipid of unknown composition here disignated
      compound A. 5-HETE was found to be released into the medium and then taken up
      again by the cells. To determine its metabolic fate, [14C]5-HETE was prepared
      biosynthetically, purified, and incubated with stimulated, unlabeled neutrophils.
      Most of the radioactivity entered the cells and was esterified into phospholipids
      and triglycerides. The radiolabeled complex lipids were saponified, and the
      released fatty acids cochromatographed with authentic 5-HETE. The esterification
      of 5-HETE, a hydroxylated fatty acid, into membrane phospholipids may be an
      example of a more generalized mechanism for altering membrane characteristics.

PMID- 387820
TI  - Effects of neomycin alone and in combination with cholestyramine on serum
      cholesterol and fecal steroids in hypercholesterolemic subjects.
AB  - Effects of neomycin were studied on serum cholesterol and fecal steroids in
      hypercholesterolemic patients during a short treatment period (4 wk) and a long
      treatment period (16 mo), using small (1.5 g/d) and large (up to 6 g/d) doses
      alone and in combination with cholestyramine. In the short-term low-dose study
      the decrease in serum cholesterol by 21% was associated with a proportionate
      increase in fecal cholesterol elimination as neutral sterols through impaired
      cholesterol absorption. Serum cholesterol remained low and fecal steroid
      excretion remained elevated in the long-term neomycin study. Increasing the
      dosage from 1.5 to 6 g/d at the end of the 16-mo period brought about a further
      slight decrease in serum cholesterol and a small further increase in fecal
      neutral and acidic steroids. The increases in fecal bile acids and fat but not in
      neutral sterols were positively correlated with the increases in the neomycin
      dosage. Thus, large neomycin doses can also cause bile acid malabsorption. In
      another series of patients, a decrease (25%) in serum cholesterol by
      cholestyramine was associated with a proportional increase in the fecal
      elimination of cholesterol (2.5-fold) as bile acids. The inclusion of neomycin in
      cholestyramine therapy further increased fecal steroid output (solely as neutral
      sterols) by only about one-fifth of that due to cholestyramine, but further
      decreased serum cholesterol almost to the same extent (-17%) as cholestyramine
      alone. The overall decrease was 38%, no side effects occurred, and the patients
      found combination therapy convenient. Neomycin decreased serum cholesterol in
      different studies by 10+/-2, 17+/-4, and 12+/-4% per 100 mg/d of the increment in
      fecal steroids, the respective decrease for cholestyramine being only 2.2+/-0.5%.
      Thus, neomycin effectively reduced serum cholesterol by a relatively small
      increase in cholesterol elimination (via cholesterol malabsorption) compared with
      cholestyramine-induced bile acid malabsorption.

PMID- 387821
TI  - A renal biopsy study in toxaemia of pregnancy.
AB  - Renal biopsy specimens from 11 women with severe pre-eclamptic toxaemia were
      examined by light and electron microscopy linked with immunofluorescence and
      immuno-electron microscopy. The part played by the mesangium in causing capillary
      loop thickening is stressed, and the progress of this 'strangulation' is
      illustrated. In contrast to the findings of most previous authors, IgM was
      demonstrated by direct immunofluorescence in all biopsy specimens, and its
      presence and site within the glomerulus were shown by immuno-electron microscopy
      in three cases.

PMID- 387822
TI  - Biochemical identification of clinically important yeasts.
AB  - Four commercially available kits for the speciation of yeasts were tested against
      50 clinical isolates that had been identified by conventional methods. On
      biochemical grounds alone, the four systems varied from 71% to 100% in their
      efficiency in identifying Candida albicans. Yeasts other than C. albicans were
      identified with an efficiency varying from 24% to 83%. Conclusions are drawn on
      the value of these systems to the routine laboratory.

PMID- 387824
TI  - Threshold responses in formaldehyde-sensitive subjects.
AB  - Patch tests with three low concentrations of formaldehyde were applied
      continuously in formaldehyde-sensitive subjects for 1 wk. The closed patch test
      method produced a response to 30 parts per million (ppm) in some subjects by 120
      continuous hours of testing. Thirteen subjects then sprayed a 30-ppm formaldehyde
      solution in an axilla on a double-blind, controlled, 2-wk-use test. Their
      responses to 30 ppm aqueous formaldehyde indicate that levels below this
      concentration should be tolerated by sensitive subjects if repeatedly applied to
      normal skin. Popular formaldehyde-releasing preservatives can be above or below
      this threshold-eliciting response.

PMID- 387823
TI  - Pemphigus and pemphigoid. A review of the advances made since 1964.

PMID- 387825
TI  - Cutaneous plasmacytomas. A review and presentation of an unusual case.
AB  - Recent reviews separate four types of plasma cell tumor: multiple myeloma,
      extramedullary plasmacytoma (without multiple myeloma), solitary myeloma of bone,
      and plasma cell leukemia. Cutaneous plasma cell tumors may arise from lymphatic
      or vascular spread of tumor (metastatic cutaneous plasmacytoma) or by direct
      extension from bone lesions. The former, metastatic cutaneous plasmacytomas, are
      quite rare. Specific malignant plasmacyte cutaneous tumors can also be seen in
      extramedullary plasmacytoma, solitary myeloma of bone, and plasma cell leukemia.
      We present a patient with multiple myeloma and lymphedema of the right arm, who
      developed a pathologic fracture of the right humerus and subsequently developed
      numerous metastatic cutaneous plasmacytomas localized to the lymphedematous arm.
      Direct immunofluorescence of frozen sections and enzymatically released cells
      from tumor nodule failed to reveal cell-associated immunoglobulins.

PMID- 387826
TI  - "What's new".

PMID- 387827
TI  - Observations on the influence of high cell count on lipolysis in bovine milk.

PMID- 387828
TI  - Use of Laurell electrophoresis for the quantitative measurement of albumin in
      mastitic milk.

PMID- 387829
TI  - Trace element deficiencies and fertility in ruminants: a review.
AB  - Various minerals (copper, cobalt, selenium, manganese, iodine, zinc, and iron)
      can influence reproductive performance of ruminants. Reproductive failure may be
      induced by deficiencies of single or combined trace elements and by imbalances.
      This review is focused on maladjustments of trace elements leading to impaired
      breeding performance. Opinion is diverse as to the existence of various
      reproductive disturbances from either a severe copper depletion or a marginal
      dietary copper deficiency. Field experience suggests that administration of
      cobalt to ruminants on cobalt-deficient diets improves their impaired breeding
      performance. Selenium infertility in ewes is more prevalent in some areas and in
      some seasons, but the actual cause of this malady and the continuing role of
      additional factors are unknown. Manganese is necessary for normal fertility in
      ruminants, and feeding low-manganese rations depresses conception rates. Lack of
      iodine impairs thyroid activity and also ovarian function. Reproductive failure
      in the female and in spermatogenesis are manifestations of zinc deficiency.
      Despite forages rich in iron, low availability in certain instances could affect
      adversely ruminant reproduction. Knowledge of biochemical dysfunctions from trace
      element deficiencies is essential to determine the role which trace elements play
      in fertility of ruminant animals.

PMID- 387830
TI  - [Elimination of the periodontal pocket by apical repositioning of the gingiva].

PMID- 387831
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of ameloblastoma in the School of Dentistry,
      Chulalongkorn University].

PMID- 387832
TI  - [Epidemiological study of appearance of dental fluorosis related to fluoride
      concentrations in drinking water in Kitatsugaru, Japan].

PMID- 387833
TI  - [Air pollution in dental clinics from a hygienic point of view with reference to
      dust and aerial bacteria particles].

PMID- 387834
TI  - [Sociology and dentistry].

PMID- 387835
TI  - Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome. A review of the literature and a report of
      2 cases responding to conservative treatment.

PMID- 387837
TI  - Plasma components in deep lesions of human carious dentin.

PMID- 387836
TI  - Microstructures in non-precious alloys near the procelain-metal interaction zone.
AB  - The chemistry of microstructures near the interfacial reaction zones of four non
      precious alloys and two different brands of dental porcelain has been analyzed.
      It was found that most non-precious dental alloys contain second phases which can
      alter elemental concentration profiles. Recommendations for assessing interfacial
      reaction zone chemistry in dental non-precious alloys are offered.

PMID- 387839
TI  - "John McLoughlin" physician, pioneer, fur trader, settler.

PMID- 387840
TI  - Malignancies on the external ear: methods of ablation and reconstruction of
      defects.

PMID- 387838
TI  - Antibodies to tooth allografts in H-2 matched mice.
AB  - Teeth were transplanted among mice which represented the best match possible
      between unrelated humans. Sera were examined for their ability to kill donor
      cells with the help of complement, to trigger complement-independent, cell
      mediated cytolysis, and to agglutinate RBC. All responses were weak, but
      rejection correlated best with antibody-dependent cytolysis.

PMID- 387841
TI  - A simple maneuver of taking grafts of skin from curved donor sites.

PMID- 387842
TI  - Even coaptation of wound edges of unequal thicknesses or unequal heights.

PMID- 387843
TI  - Norman Goldstein, M.D., F.A.C.P.

PMID- 387845
TI  - "Walt Whitman". Poet, philosopher, male nurse.

PMID- 387844
TI  - III. Tattoos in different cultures.

PMID- 387846
TI  - [Prosthodontic problems of parkinsonism].

PMID- 387848
TI  - Pulmonary hypertension in the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

PMID- 387847
TI  - [Blade implant].

PMID- 387849
TI  - Demonic possession, mesmerism, and hysteria: a social psychological perspective
      on their historical interrelations.

PMID- 387850
TI  - Dr. Kerr installed as president; Dr. Houlihan chosen president-elect.

PMID- 387851
TI  - ADA honors Dr. Lynch, bestows 7 honorary memberships.

PMID- 387852
TI  - The presidents. George Hoppin Cushing, 1871-1872.

PMID- 387853
TI  - Valproic acid: a new antiepileptic drug with potential side effects of dental
      concern.
AB  - Although the exact mechanism by which valproic acid acts on hemostasis is
      unknown, an association between the agent and defective blood clotting and
      spontaneous hemorrhage is evident. This side effect should be considered in the
      management of dental patients taking the drug for whom treatment involves surgery
      of the soft tissues.

PMID- 387854
TI  - Abutment stabilization using a nonresilient gingival bar connector.
AB  - A preformed or cast metal bar can be used to stabilize abutment teeth for
      removable partial dentures. In addition to splinting, the bar provides a method
      of indirect retention and aids in preserving the underlying alveolar bone.

PMID- 387855
TI  - An overview. A year of challenges.

PMID- 387856
TI  - Trophic ulceration of the foot: an unusual case.

PMID- 387857
TI  - Subcuticular skin closure. The straith technique as adapted to foot surgery.

PMID- 387859
TI  - Early active motion following a beveled technique of flexor tendon repair: report
      on fifty cases.
AB  - In an effort to overcome restrictive adhesions following flexor tendon repair, a
      technique involving beveling of the tendon ends and fine compressive suturing was
      used in 50 patients (110 tendons). Free early active motion was allowed. There
      were 70% good-to-excellent results, with a 10% rupture rate.

PMID- 387858
TI  - [Treatment of diabetic retinopathy by laser photocoagulation (author's transl)].
AB  - Recent advances in our knowledge concerning spontaneous changes in diabetic
      retinopathy, and improved classification of clinical forms due to fluorescein
      angiography, have established precise indications for the use of the laser for
      retinal photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy. Controlled, randomized,
      multicentre studies have conclusively demonstrated the value of the techniques
      used and results obtained: indirect photocoagulation of the ischaemic zones (pan
      retinal photocoagulation) can now effectively preserve the future vision of
      patients with preproliferating of proliferating retinopathy. The value of
      photocoagulation in the fight against diabetic oedematous maculopathy appears to
      be less conclusive, though early elective therapy for juxtafoveolar microvascular
      lesions appears to be a significant advance.

PMID- 387870
TI  - H-2 unrestricted cytotoxic T cell activity against antigens controlled by genes
      in the QA/TLA region.
AB  - The specificity of H-2 unrestricted cytotoxic T cells was analyzed in secondary
      CML responses. A/J strain effector cells, sensitized against A.Tlab lymphoid
      cells, lysed target cells from strains with differing H-2 haplotypes but all
      sharing Qa-1b/Tlab alleles; whereas, target cells from strains with Qa-1a/Tlaa
      were not. When B6.Tlaa animals were in vivo-primed and challenged in vitro with
      B6 stimulator cells, no cytotoxic effector cell activity was generated. However,
      if B6.Tlaa animals were primed in vivo with A.BY cells and then rechallenged in
      vitro with either A.BY or B6 stimulator cells, cytotoxic effector cells were
      generated that lysed target cells from strains with Qa-1b/Tlab alleles. This
      suggests that factors in addition to Qa/Tla may play a role in the generation of
      anti-Qa/Tla effector cell activity. It was also noted that targets from strains
      with Qa-1a/Tlaa alleles were killed, although to a much lesser extent than the Qa
      1b/Tlab targets. SWR anti-DBA/1 efffector cells strongly lysed target cells frrom
      strains with Qa-1b/Tlab, lysed Qa-1a/Tlaa targets to a lesser extent, and
      produced no cytotoxic effect on B6.Tlaa target cells. These data suggest that in
      addition to a CML target antigen associated with Qa-1b/Tlab, there may be an
      additional specificity recognized by cytotoxic T cells controlled by a gene
      outside of Qa-1b/Tlab.

PMID- 387871
TI  - Synthesis of a lipopolysaccharide designed to conjugate haptens and proteins to
      erythrocyte for use as target cells in passive hemagglutination and hemolytic
      assays.

PMID- 387873
TI  - Serum opsonic activity in rodent malaria: functional and immunochemical
      characteristics in vitro.
AB  - The functional and immunochemical characteristics of serum opsonic activity in
      rodent malaria were examined in the present study. Schizont- and late trophozoite
      enriched populations of Plasmodium berghei-infected red blood cells (IRBC) were
      isolated on a Ficoll density-gradient and used in an in vitro phagocytosis system
      composed of serum and monolayer cultures of rat peritoneal macrophages.
      Hyperimmune serum augmented the phagocytosis of IRBC to a greater degree than did
      nonimmune serum. When either IRBC or macrophages were pre-incubated with serum,
      the phagocytosis-promoting factors acted on the IRBC rather than on the
      macrophages in a manner characteristic of serum opsonins. The opsonic activity
      was specific for IRBC since noninfected red blood cells were rarely phagocytized
      and were unable to absorb opsonic activity from serum. The opsonic activity of
      both hyperimmune and nonimmune sera was heat stable, and unaffected by agents
      known to inactivate or inhibit complement (cobra venom factor and
      ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid). Finally, the opsonic activity was identified in
      preparations of purified IgG isolated from both hyperimmune and nonimmune sera.

PMID- 387872
TI  - Experimental malaria in the CBA/N mouse.
AB  - CBA/N mice carry an X-linked, recessive gene, which results in the absence of a B
      cell subset, and is expressed primarily as an inability to respond to a certain
      class of thymus-independent antigens. We have examined the responses of these
      mice to the malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii and found that primary infections
      induced by this parasite are more severe and last longer in mice with X-linked
      defect than in normal controls. The decreased resistance of the defective mice is
      associated with a striking deficiency in their IgM antibody response. After
      recovery from a primary infection, defective mice resist reinfection with the
      homologous parasite as well as normal mice. Although as resistant as normal
      controls, B cells from defective mice transfer considerably less immunity to
      naive recipients than B cells from normal animals. Hence, two modes of thymus
      dependent protective immunity may contribute to the host response to P. yoelii.
      Control of an acute primary infection appears to involve a thymus-dependent
      antibody response that CBA/N mice are deficient in. Resistance to reinfection may
      be mediated primarily by a different mechanism.

PMID- 387874
TI  - Ly phenotypes and MHC recognition: the allohelper that recognizes K or D is a
      mature Ly123 cell.

PMID- 387875
TI  - Functional characterization of mouse lymphocyte subpopulations identified by
      their natural binding of bacteria. I. Identification of the Ig-secreting cell
      subpopulation.
AB  - Three mouse B cell subpopulations (B1, B2 and B3) can be identified by their
      natural binding of bacteria. To determine whether these subpopulations have
      unique functions, we assayed the number of anti-SRBC-secreting cells and the
      number of Ig-secreting cells in unseparated populations and in populations in
      which the B2 and B3 cells were removed by immobilized monolayers of Escherichia
      coli-2, a bacteria that binds B2 and B3 cells. Essentially all of the plaque
      forming cells present in the unseparated population were found in the B1-enriched
      population, suggesting that most of the antibody-secreting and Ig-secreting cells
      were in the B1 subpopulation. To show conclusively that the anti-SRBC-secreting
      cells resided in the B1 subpopulation, the Jerne plaque assay was performed on
      slides by using lymphocytes prelabeled with various bacteria and the cells that
      gave rise to the plaques were directly examined. Essentially all of the secreting
      cells were labeled with Corynebacterium xerosis, which binds to the B1 and B2
      cells, whereas very few of the secreting cells were labelled with Arizona
      hinshawii, which binds to the B2 cells, or with Escherichia coli-2, which binds
      to the B2 and B3 cells. Thus, the B1 subpopulation contained essentially all of
      the antibody-secreting cells, which indicates that the B cell subpopulations
      identified by bacteria are functionally different.

PMID- 387876
TI  - Identification and separation of Thy-1 positive mouse spleen cells active in
      natural cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
AB  - The expression of the Thy-1 antigen on mouse spleen cells responsible for NK
      activity and ADCC was investigated by using a monoclonal IgM anti-Thy-1.2
      antibody. Both C-mediated cytotoxicity and the fluorescence-activated cell sorter
      were used to fractionate cells. The effector cells were found to be heterogeneous
      in their expression of Thy-1. Effector cells from nude BALB/c mice were
      predominantly Thy-1 positive; some of the NK cells in CBA spleens appeared to be
      Thy-1 positive, but at least one-third of the lytic activity was due to Thy-1
      negative cells. The effects of treatments on NK cytotoxicity and ADCC were very
      similar, supporting the hypothesis that the same cells mediate both activities.

PMID- 387877
TI  - Human cell membrane components dominant in T cell lineage: identification and
      characterization of human TL-like antigens.
AB  - Cell membrane components that contain beta 2-microglobulin were purified from
      cells of a human T cell-type leukemia cell line, HPB-ALL. They contained membrane
      components that have the same molecular size and the same subunit structure as
      HLA(A,B,C) antigens but are separable from the typical beta 2-microglobulin
      containing cell membrane components, i.e., the HLA (A,B,C) antigens, by
      xenoantibody reagents. A sensitive radioimmunoassay was constructed for detection
      of the T cell membrane components. The assay revealed that the cell membrane
      components are expressed exclusively on cells of T cell-type leukemia cell lines
      among the human lymphoid cell lines tested, predominantly in thymus, among the
      human organs and tissues tested. They were not present on cells of human B cell
      type cell lines or on cells of nonlymphoid organs and tissues. No alloantibodies
      directed to the T cell membrane components, the putative human homologues of
      mouse TL antigens, were found in any of the human tissue typing sera tested.

PMID- 387878
TI  - Detection of M-components by an easy immunofixation procedure: comparison with
      agarose gel electrophoresis and classical immunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - Commercial anti-gamma-alpha-mu and anti-kappa-lambda (mixture of commercial anti
      kappa and anti-lambda) were used for immunofixation after agarose gel
      electrophoresis of 100 serum samples diluted 1 : 5. This simple screening method
      detected M-components in 39 sera. M-components were detected in 33 sera by
      agarose gel electrophoresis, and in 30 sera by classical immunoelectrophoresis.
      More than one band was detected in 15 sera by the screening method, in 3 sera by
      agarose gel electrophoresis, and in 2 sera by immunoelectrophoresis. The
      screening method was superior to the combined use of agarose gel electrophoresis
      and classical immunoelectrophoresis for detection of M-components, and easier to
      perform and interpret.

PMID- 387879
TI  - Cryosectioning of undecalcified tissues for immunofluorescence.
AB  - The present report describes a procedure for preparing 4--6 micrometers cryostat
      sections of undecalcified fresh frozen tissue which contain hard tissue, for
      immunofluorescence. The apparatus used is a cryomicrotome originally designed for
      cutting sections for whole body autoradiography. To obtain cryostat sections
      suitable for tissue immunofluorescence the standard procedure was modified with
      respect to the hardness and edges of the microtome knife, the temperature of the
      cryostat and the carboxymethyl cellulose concentration of the embedding material.

PMID- 387880
TI  - Serum antitoxin level in otogenous tetanus.

PMID- 387881
TI  - Renal transplantation.

PMID- 387882
TI  - Ecdysone, juvenile hormone and oogenesis in Rhodnius prolixus.

PMID- 387883
TI  - Direct immunofluorescence studies in alopecia areata and male pattern alopecia.
AB  - Direct immunofluroescence studies were performed on hairy and alopecic areas of
      scalp in patients with alopecia areata, alopecia totalis and male pattern
      alopecia. Abnormal deposits of C3 and occasionally of IgG and IgM were found in
      92% of 12 patients with alopecia areata and in 21% of patients with male pattern
      alopecia. No abnormalities were seen in 4 patients with alopecia totalis. In both
      alopecia areata and male pattern alopecia, the deposits were most common along
      the basement zone of the inferior segment of hair follicles and occurred with
      equal frequency in alopecic and normal scalp. These observations suggest that
      immune factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata.

PMID- 387884
TI  - Immunofluorescence demonstration of type IV collagen and a noncollagenous
      glycoprotein in thickened vascular basal membranes in protoporphyria.
AB  - Specific rabbit antibodies to type IV collagen isolated from a basement membrane
      producing mouse tumor were used in indirect immunofluorescence tests to study the
      thickened vascular basement membrane in skin biopsies from patients with
      erythropoietic porphyria (EPP) and from protoporphyric mice. In addition, rabbit
      antibodies to a noncollagenous, basement membrane specific glycoprotein also
      derived from the mouse tumor were tested. It was shown that normal as well as
      altered vascular basement membranes in both the human and the murine skin
      specimens react with the anti-type IV collagen and the antiglycoprotein
      antibodies. A particular strong reaction in the diseases skin indicated that
      formation of new vascular basement membrane layers involved deposition of the
      major structural proteins which also constitute normal basement membrane
      matrices.

PMID- 387885
TI  - II. Eczematous and immunologic diseases.

PMID- 387887
TI  - Endemic syphilis: passive transfer of resistance with serum and cells in
      hamsters.
AB  - Serum or spleen cells from hamsters immune to infection with Treponema pallidum
      strain Bosnia A conferred partial protection against syphilitic infection by the
      same strain on recipient hamsters. Cutaneous lesions did not develop, and in the
      lymph nodes the average weight and number of treponemes detected were
      significantly lower than in normal and control hamsters. Treatment of the immune
      spleen cells with antithymocyte serum and complement abolished their ability to
      transfer resistance. This is the first direct evidence that thymus-derived cells
      are involved in resistance to syphilitic infection.

PMID- 387886
TI  - Quantitative estimation of leishmanial antibody titers by enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay.
AB  - The response to immunization against Leishmania braziliensis in rabbits was
      followed by measurement of antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),
      passive hemagglutination, complement fixation, and countercurrent
      immunoelectrophoresis. Passive hemagglutination and complement-fixation titers
      were interpreted according to standard methods, whereas ELISA exact titers were
      derived by the equation Y = a-b log X, which describes the straight line that
      results when absorbances are plotted against test serum dilutions. Peak titer was
      measured at 32 +/- 1 days after initial injection, irrespective of the assay
      method. After seven days, the reciprocal antibody titer was 1,130 by ELISA, 0 by
      passive hemagglutination, and 8 by complement fixation. Precipitin bands were
      shown by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis only at peak titer. With sera from
      hamsters experimentally infected with Leishmania, 94% showed leishmanial antibody
      by ELISA, compared with 92% by complement fixation and 65% by passive
      hemagglutination. When 31 samples of sera from human patients with cutaneous
      leishmaniasis were tested only by ELISA, 23 were positive for leishmanial
      antibodies.

PMID- 387888
TI  - [Surgical treatment of intramyocardial needles (author's transl)].

PMID- 387889
TI  - [A surgical experience of diffuse supravalvular aortic stenosis syndrome using
      extended aortoplasty (author's transl)].

PMID- 387890
TI  - [Genetical and biochemical analysis on ribosomes and lifetime of messenger RNA
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 387891
TI  - [Sleep peptide (author's transl)].

PMID- 387892
TI  - [Chylomicron remnant (author's transl)].

PMID- 387893
TI  - [Color and shape of the front teeth in designing a complete denture].

PMID- 387894
TI  - [Basis of hand surgery].

PMID- 387896
TI  - [Quantitative assay of circulating immune of circulating immune complexes in
      lupus nephritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 387895
TI  - [Anti-tumor effects of Picibanil on mouse skin squamous cell cancer (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 387897
TI  - The transport of vitamin B12 from food to use within the cells.

PMID- 387899
TI  - Grand Rounds. University of Louisville School of Medicine. Empyema of the
      gallbladder.

PMID- 387898
TI  - Detection of circulating immune complexes by using human red blood cells.

PMID- 387900
TI  - Scanning electron microscope observations of microvascular anastomosis in the rat
      carotid artery.
AB  - Microvascular anastomosis is gaining increasing significance in the field of
      replantation and reconstructive surgery. Although traumatic interference is
      minimized by microsurgery, thrombotic occlusions remain the major reason for
      clinical failure. With the improvement of suturing technique studies were
      directed towards the causes of failure using light and scanning electron
      microscopy. Our study was focussed on the latter aspect. The left common carotid
      artery of 55 albino  rats was transsected and re-anastomosed by the eccentric
      biangulation technique. The suture-lines were observed after various postsurgical
      intervals, ranging from 12 hours up to 14 months. Twelve hours after the
      anastomosis had been performed, the most striking alterations of the endothelium
      were not found at the suture line, as was expected, but in those parts of the
      vessels, which were caught by the clamps. The injury leads to sloughing of the
      endothelium in extensive areas. The exposed subendothelial layer of connective
      tissue is covered with aggregates of thrombocytes. The suture itself does not
      lead to thrombus formation. After 14 days, healing is almost complete with total
      regeneration of the endothelium. From the 21st postoperative day on, the inner
      lining can no longer be differentiated from that found in experimental animals
      after 14 months.

PMID- 387901
TI  - Late results following treatment of naevus flammeus and facial burns with split
      thickness skin grafts, with special reference to post-operative colour changes.
AB  - Two cases of extensive split thickness skin transplant to the face are presented.
      It was noted that the usual brownish pigmentation of grafted skin did not occur
      in these cases. Continued exposure in the open or to sunlight during work has
      been implicated as a causative factor.

PMID- 387902
TI  - In memoriam Prof. Alfred Rehrmann, M.D.,D.M.D. founder member of the E.A.M.F.S.

PMID- 387903
TI  - Statewide reimbursement--a view from medicare.

PMID- 387904
TI  - Crawford W. Long Museum reopens in Jefferson, Georgia.

PMID- 387906
TI  - Effect of the Feingold Kaiser Permanente diet in minimal brain dysfunction.

PMID- 387905
TI  - Perspective and therapy in Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy.

PMID- 387907
TI  - A quality of care evaluation measure for emergency medical service systems.
AB  - This paper presents the development and validation of an emergency medical
      service (EMS) systems quality of care evaluation measure. The System Input
      Severity Measure consists of a set of single and multiple injury survival rates
      that would be expected to occur in an EMS system classified as providing
      "baseline" advanced life support services. These expected survival rates were
      developed by a nationwide panel of emergency medicine experts through the use of
      the Delphi group opinion surveying technique. Validation of the System Input
      Severity Measure was a twofold process. First, reliability of the results of the
      Delphi surveying process was validated by comparing the resultant expected
      survival rates with Illinois Trauma Registry data. Second, the applicability of
      the measure was validated using data collected in EMS systems generally
      recognized to be providing exceptional (either superior or inferior) emergency
      patient care. It was recognized that the development of a comprehensive, large
      scale System Input Severity Measure through the use of the Delphi technique alone
      is impractical. Consequently, a functional relationship between single and
      multiple injury survival rates was also developed. It appeared that when employed
      in conjunction with data developed from the Delphi technique, such an approach
      would make practicable the development of a comprehensive System Input Severity
      Measure.

PMID- 387908
TI  - Thoracic surgery in Florida.

PMID- 387909
TI  - Isolation of haemin-requiring mutants of Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - Fifty-five haemin-requiring mutants were isolated from haemin-permeable mutants.
      According to their growth responses to haem precursors and their patterns of
      porphyrin accumulation, the 55 mutants fell into three groups which were judged
      to have defects in 5-aminolaevulinate dehydratase, ferrochelatase, and
      uroporphyrinogen III cosynthase or uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase. In mutants of
      the group deficient in 5-aminolaevulinate dehydratase, the mutations were
      adjacent to lac, and evidence is presented that the mutations were in hemB and
      were commonly deletions extending into proC.

PMID- 387911
TI  - Denaturation map of the ColE1-Km plasmid pCR11.
AB  - The denaturation map of EcoRI-digested pCR11, a ColE1-Km plasmid, is described.
      The 2.0 kilobase ColE1-derived segment contains an adenine+thymine rich site in
      the colicin immunity gene region. In the 7.2 kilobase kanamycin resistance
      region, the transposon Tn903 consists of an adenine+thymine rich 0.98 kilobase
      kan gene region flanked by a guanine+cytosine rich 1.09 kilobase inverted
      duplication.

PMID- 387910
TI  - Mutants of Escherichia coli K12 permeable to haemin.
AB  - Mutants of Escherichia coli which require 5-aminolaevulinic acid (5-ALA), the
      first intermediate of haem biosynthesis, do not respond to haemin and porphyrins.
      The probable explanation of the lack of response is that E. coli may be
      impermeable to haemin and porphyrins. Mutants are described which responded to
      haemin and porphyrins as well as to 5-ALA. Indirect evidence is presented that
      the mutants were permeable to haemin. The mutants showed other phenotypic
      changes, and resembled some mutants which are known to have changes in the cell
      envelope.

PMID- 387912
TI  - Taxonomy of Clostridium tetani and related species.
AB  - Clostridium tetani and its related species C. tetanomorphum, C. cochlearium and
      C. lentoputrescens were examined for DNA-DNA homology and biochemical properties.
      Two distinctly different groups were included under the name of C. tetanomorphum:
      one was identical with C. cochlearium and the name C. tetanomorphum was applied
      to the other group with some amendment of biochemical properties. Comparison of
      the type strain of C. lentoputrescens with wild strains obtained from horse
      faeces indicated that the name C. lentoputrescens should be abolished as a later
      synonym of C. cochlearium. Liquefaction of gelatin and spore shape, which have
      been used as the important criteria for differentiation of C. tetani-related
      species, were genetically insignificant.

PMID- 387913
TI  - Interference of azide with cysteine biosynthesis in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The growth inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium aziA mutants by sodium azide is
      reversed by cystine and related compounds. NADPH-sulphite reductase (hydrogen
      sulphide:NADP+ oxidoreductase; EC 1.8.1.2), an enzyme of cysteine biosynthesis,
      is inhibited in cell extracts by sodium azide. AziB mutants which are able to
      grow in the presence of the inhibitor without cystine were isolated. About half
      of them were mapped in the cysK gene and have only residual activity of its
      product, O-acetylserine sulphydrylase A [O-acetyl-L-serine acetate-lyase (adding
      hydrogen-sulphide); EC 4.2.99.8]. Sensitivity of wild type and aziA mutants to
      azide was also reversed by a constitutive mutation in cysB, the regulatory gene
      of cysteine biosynthesis. CysK and cysB mutants showed cross-resistance to azide
      and 1,2,4-triazole. It is suggested that the resistance of these mutants to azide
      is due to an increased activity of NADPH-sulphite reductase.

PMID- 387914
TI  - Characterization of plasmids from antibiotic-resistant Shigella isolates by
      agarose gell electrophoresis.
AB  - Gel electrophoresis of DNA from 95 clinical isolates of Shigella sonnei and
      Shigella flexneri resistant to antibiotics revealed a heterogeneous plasmid
      population. Most of the plasmids were smaller than 6 megadaltons (Mdal). Six S.
      sonnei isolates with the most common antibiotic resistance pattern were
      characterized. They had two plasmids in common: one was a self-transmissible Fi+
      plasmid of 46 Mdal encoding resistance to streptomycin and sulphafurazole. In
      addition, several cryptic plasmids ranging in size from 1.0 to 24.5 Mdal were
      present. Mobilization of the 5.5 Mdal SuSm plasmid and a 1.0 Mdal cryptic plasmid
      was demonstrated with all six S. sonnei isolates during conjugation. This
      mobilization was mediated by the 46 Mdal self-transmissible Fi+ R plasmid and
      also by a 24.5 Mdal Fi- plasmid carrying no known drug resistance determinants.

PMID- 387915
TI  - Effects of sheep pineal fractions on the activity of male rat hypothalami in
      vitro.
AB  - High molecular weight substances could be isolated from sheep pineals with the
      "Bensinger" extraction method, followed by ultrafiltration of the waterlayer
      through different diaflomembranes. Two of the pineal fractions, XM100R and PM30R,
      stimulate the gonadotropin releasing activity of the medial basal hypothalamus
      (MBH). In experiments in which comparable pineal fractions were incubated without
      MBH and without pituitary and injected in immature mice no effect was detectable.
      All experiments in which a similar amount of rat cerebral cortex was used for
      incubation with pineal fractions did not show any activity.

PMID- 387916
TI  - Rabbit sciatic nerve fascicle and 'endoneurial' preparations for in vitro studies
      of peripheral nerve glucose metabolism.

PMID- 387918
TI  - Temporomandibular joint dysfunction. The anatomical era: a historical review.

PMID- 387917
TI  - Differential effects of n-dipropylacetate and amino-oxyacetic acid on gamma
      aminobutyric acid levels in discrete areas of rat brain.

PMID- 387919
TI  - Roster of members 1979. Nebraska Dental Association.

PMID- 387920
TI  - Production of experimental brain abscess in the rat.
AB  - Experimental evaluation of brain abscess has been inhibited by the lack of a
      simple and reproducible model in small animals. A stereotaxic headholder and slow
      infusion of 1 microliter of saline, containing a known number of bacteria, were
      used to produce brain abscess consistently in the rat. The natural history of the
      brain abscess produced by this technique closely simulated that found in the
      human clinical situation.

PMID- 387921
TI  - Re-endothelialization of microvascular carotid end-to-side anastomosis in the
      rat.
AB  - A carotid end-to-side anastomosis was performed on 25 male and female Wistar rats
      (mean weight 197.8 gm). The animals were sacrificed at time intervals varying
      from 0 to 21 days after the operation. The anastomosis was exposed, the aorta
      cannulated, and the animals perfused with a 2.5% buffered glutaraldehyde solution
      at a constant pressure of 80 mm Hg. The anastomoses were removed for scanning
      electron microscopic (SEM) and light microscopic studies. The SEM results
      indicate that after the acute platelet-fibrin reaction in the first 48 hours, the
      suture line itself becomes re-endothelialized after 4 days. On the stitches,
      however, a cellular population consisting of leukocytes transforming into
      flattened cells was seen after 2 days. The morphology of these cells and their
      role in the regeneration of endothelium is discussed. This study presents
      evidence supporting a blood-borne genesis of endothelial cells in vivo.

PMID- 387923
TI  - Oklahoma Children's Memorial Hospital 1979.

PMID- 387922
TI  - A conspectus of research on copper metabolism and requirements of man.

PMID- 387924
TI  - Possible factors in the adhesion of fissure sealants to enamel.
AB  - The type of aqueous solution used to wash the enamel surface immediately after
      etching with orthophosphoric acid affected the tensile bond strength obtained.
      Washing with a 1% potassium chloride solution was found to effect an improved
      bond strength, but no difference was observed when different types of water were
      employed for this purpose. A similar finding of no difference in bond strength
      was obtained when the possible influence of electrostatic forces was eliminated.

PMID- 387926
TI  - The effect of time on the marginal fracture behaviour of amalgam.
AB  - In this study the effect of time on the marginal fracture behaviour of amalgam
      was determined. Six alloys in clinical service for up to 6 years were used as a
      data base and occlusal photographs were categorized according to a standard set
      of photographs depicting varying degrees of marginal fracture. The standard set
      of photographs was assigned a linear numerical scale, and the index of extent of
      fracture was considered to be an arithmetic mean based on this linear scale. An
      observed patient effect and unequal sample size were considered in the
      determination of both the mean and variance. The results of applying these
      procedures to the data of this study showed that marginal fracture increased with
      time for all alloys; that the relative ranking of alloys did not change with
      time; and that, with certain limitations, early time evaluations can predict long
      term behaviour.

PMID- 387927
TI  - Offsetting the increased plaque formation in partial denture wearers by tooth
      brushing.
AB  - In two experiments, each running for 2 weeks, plaque formation was studied on
      forty-two teeth acting as abutments for removable partial dentures. In the first
      experiment, only ordinary tooth brushing was practised. Plaque accumulation was
      rapid, yielding scores ranging between 2 and 5. In the second experiment,
      following instruction in intensive tooth brushing, plaque scores were depressed
      to approximately 1.5 and below.

PMID- 387925
TI  - Evaluation of endosseous implant abutments as a base for fixed prosthetic
      appliances. A preliminary clinical study.
AB  - In the present 2-year report nineteen Linkow blade implants with a total of
      twenty-seven perforating posts were assessed. All implants included were
      considered functionally successful and served as abutments for fixed prosthetic
      appliances. Periodontal probe and radiographic measurements of bone loss around
      the perforating implant posts, and registration of plaque and gingival index
      scores were performed every 6 months. During the first 4-6 weeks after
      implantation a vertical bone loss approximating an average of 1-2 mm occurred in
      the neck area of the implants. After this initial resorption, bone loss proceeded
      at a slower rate. The mean annual crest reduction was approximately 0.1 mm from
      the first to the fourth examination, as assessed from radiographic measurements.
      Periodontal probe measurements, showing a mean annual crest reduction of 0.2 mm,
      usually exhibited higher values than corresponding radiographic measurements at
      both implants and abutment teeth. At implants there was a significant positive
      correlation between plaque and gingivitis after 18 and 24 months, but not before
      that time. No correlation was seen between gingival index scores and the degree
      of bone resorption.

PMID- 387928
TI  - Dr. Kerr, AAOMS member, installed as ADA president.

PMID- 387929
TI  - Effect of storage in recipient's blood on the immunogenicity of tooth allografts
      in rabbits.
AB  - Dental allografts can immunize recipients against skin allografts because some
      antigens are shared between teeth and skin. The effect of storage in the
      recipient's blood (ten days, 4 C) on the immunogenicity of subcutaneously
      allotransplanted rabbit teeth was examined. Storage in blood depressed the
      antigenicity of teeth, as detected by prolongation of the rejection time of
      second-set skin grafts in comparison with teeth stored in saline solution, or
      fresh, nonstored teeth. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of
      this procedure.

PMID- 387930
TI  - Microbiologic and antibiotic aspects of infections in the oral and maxillofacial
      region.
AB  - An overview of infection as it applies to the oral and maxillofacial region has
      been provided. The following conclusions are drawn: odontogenic infections are
      caused by microbes found in the host's oral flora; cultures of purulent material
      generally will yield three to six anaerobes and one aerobe, (the aerobe is
      usually a Streptococcus species); Gram stains of purulent material can aid in
      therapeutic strategies; anaerobic as well as aerobic cultures are necessary to
      isolate all pathogens; pathogens found in infections of bite wounds reflect the
      oral flora of the aggressor; early postoperative wound infections are caused by
      the host's own flora, whereas later infections may be caused by hospital-acquired
      bacteria; and hepatitis B and herpes simplex virus are occupational hazards.
      Recommendations have been made for antimicrobial prophylaxis and for treatment.
      We recognize that some of these selections may be controversial. For instance,
      the value of prophylactic antibiotics in orthognathic surgery is not well
      defined; recommendations were made only in certain instances. However, in severe
      penetrating maxillofacial injuries with devitalized tissue, recommendations for
      antibiotics were for broad and prolonged coverage. In this instance, use of
      antibiotics is considered therapeutic and not prophylactic. In each instance, we
      tried to validate the selection. Our rationale has been to choose the antibiotics
      most active against the likely pathogens; additionally, consideration was given
      to drug toxicity and adverse reactions. We regard penicillin as the preferred
      agent for prophylaxis and treatment of most odontogenic infections. Alternative
      drugs include cephalosporins, doxycycline, and clindamycin. Erythoromycin and
      tetracycline are considered less effective than the former agents. Finally, we
      believe that successful treatment of infection depends as much on changing the
      microenvironment of the infected tissue by debridement and drainage as on
      appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

PMID- 387932
TI  - Selection of tooth color for the fixed partial prosthesis patient.

PMID- 387931
TI  - Surgical-orthodontic correction of horizontal maxillary deficiency.
AB  - Selected maxillary osteotomies in concert with rapid maxillary expansion
      appliances are dependable adjuncts to treatment of the various clinical
      manifestations of horizontal maxillary deficiency and the accompanying crossbite.
      The important diagnostic, treatment planning, and technical considerations
      necessary for successful surgical-orthodontic correction of horizontal maxillary
      deficiency were discussed.

PMID- 387933
TI  - Oregon Dental Association. Roster of members. 1978-1979.

PMID- 387934
TI  - Endophthalmitis due to Salmonella enteritidis.

PMID- 387935
TI  - Lung expansion, tidal exchange, and formation of the functional residual capacity
      during resuscitation of asphyxiated neonates.
AB  - Ventilatory exchange and endotracheal and esophageal pressures were measured
      during resuscitation of asphyxiated neonates born by cesarean section. In
      contrast to spontaneously breathing, vaginally born babies, an opening pressure
      had to be exceeded before lung expansion occurred. Subsequently there was usually
      a gradual increase in gaseous exchange over the first few lung inflations. A
      further rise in lung compliance occurred with the baby's inspiratory efforts. The
      functional residual capacity was formed with or without active inspiratory
      efforts by the baby, although gaseous retention occurred more rapidly as a result
      of the infant's inspiration.

PMID- 387936
TI  - Chloramphenicol disposition in infants and children.
AB  - We studied the pharmacokinetics of chloramphenicol following its intravenous
      administration as the sodium succinate ester to 54 infants and children. The mean
      "apparent t 1/2" of chloramphenicol clearance from the plasma was 5.94 hours
      (range 0.87 to 17.8 hours). The t 1/2 of patients who weighed less than 10 kg was
      significantly longer than that of those who weighed more than 10 kg (9.02 vs 4.55
      hours; P less than 0.0001). There was a discrepancy between the plasma levels of
      chloramphenicol and total aromatic nitro compounds in four patients; these
      compounds were cleared at different rates. Repeated dosing (eight to 30 doses)
      did not produce a consistent effect on the t 1/2. The CSF concentrations of
      chloramphenicol in 13 patients were 67% (range 45 to 99%) of the simultaneous
      serum concentrations. We conclude that the marked individual variation in
      chloramphenicol pharmacokinetics in infants and children requires monitoring of
      blood concentrations during therapy.

PMID- 387937
TI  - Urinary tract infections in males.

PMID- 387939
TI  - Activity of the alternative complement pathway after splenectomy: comparison to
      activity in sickle cell disease and hypogammaglobulinemia.
AB  - Patients with sickle cell disease and individuals who have undergone splenectomy
      share defects of certain host defense mechanisms and a predisposition to severe
      pyogenic bacterial infections. Since patients with sickle cell disease can have
      deficient activity of the alternative complement pathway, we have tested such
      activity in sera from splenectomized children and adults. A new kinetic hemolytic
      assay has been used, and we have compared results to those obtained with sera
      from patients with sickle cell disease or hypogammaglobulinemia. Sera from six of
      58 splenectomized individuals (10%) had defective function of the alternative
      pathway, compared to 10 of 62 sera from patients with sickle cell disease (16%)
      and 10 of 18 sera from hypogammaglobulinemic patients (56%). Deficiency of
      antibody, a rate-influencing component of alternative pathway activity in this
      system, appears responsible for deficient activity in the hypogammaglobulinemic
      sera. The molecular basis for the deficiency found in sickle cell disease or
      after splenectomy is not clear. Defective function of the alternative complement
      pathway could contribute to the increased predisposition to bacterial infection
      that exists in these three patient groups.

PMID- 387940
TI  - Donald A. Kerr, D.D.S., M.S., 1908-1979.

PMID- 387938
TI  - Membranous glomerulonephritis and hepatitis B surface antigen in children.
AB  - Of 33 children with membranous nephropathy screened for HBs Ag, 14 were found to
      be HBs Ag carriers, whereas HBs Ag was detected in 3 of 170 and 4 of 100 children
      with glomerular and nonglomerular kidney diseases, respectively. HBs Ag was often
      associated with acute hepatitis at onset (five patients) or with elevated
      transminases values. This high incidence and the prevalence of an unusual subtype
      (ayw2) suggest a relationship between HBs Ag and the glomerular lesions. Using
      immunofluorescence, however, HBs Ag could not be detected within the deposits, so
      that the nature of the relationship cannot be considered as established. The
      clinical outcome (50% remission), the plasma complement component disturbances,
      and findings by immunofluorescence did not differ from those observed in children
      with MGN without detectable HBs Ag.

PMID- 387941
TI  - Effect of toothbrushing with a fluoride-free and fluoride-containing dentifrice
      on oral hygiene and number of leukocytes in the gingival fluid.
AB  - The number of leukocytes in the gingival exudate and the oral hygiene index
      during toothbrushing with a fluoride-free and fluoride-containing dentifrice was
      investigated in humans during a 3-month period. Significant correlations existed
      between the average number of leukocytes in the gingival exudate and the oral
      hygiene indices. The number of leukocytes increased significantly during the
      period of toothbrushing with the Fluoride dentifrice, whereas in the OHI no
      change was evident.

PMID- 387942
TI  - Histologic assessment of autogenous bone graft--a case report and critical
      evaluation.

PMID- 387943
TI  - [Hormones -- II. Secretions of the hypothalamo-hypophysial system (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 387945
TI  - Metabolism of arachidonic acid and its endoperoxide prostaglandin H2 in isolated
      lungs from guinea-pigs and rabbits [proceedings].

PMID- 387946
TI  - The glycoprotein from human gastric mucus gel and its breakdown by pepsin
      [proceedings].

PMID- 387944
TI  - [Biosynthesis of beta-lactam antibiotics (author's transl)].

PMID- 387947
TI  - An unpublished manuscript of Francis Glisson (1662) on the relation of the
      Harveian circulatory theory to medicine [proceedings].

PMID- 387948
TI  - Factors affecting insulin release in the sheep fetus [proceedings].

PMID- 387949
TI  - Insulin secretion from isolated pancreatic islets in the female rat. Short and
      long term oestradiol influence.
AB  - An increase in the two phases of glucose-induced insulin response is observed
      after an oestradiol (E2) treatment or after a direct E2 action on the female rat
      perfused pancreas. To study such effects, experiments were carried out with
      isolated islets of Langerhans, and especially with a dynamic method : perifusion
      of the islets. The same long term E2 permissive effect was obtained with isolated
      islets submitted to a glucose stimulation. On the contrary, the direct E2 action
      seen in glucose-stimulated perfused pancreas was found neither with incubation
      tests, nor with perifusion studies, whatever the experimental conditions (E2 or
      glucose doses, exposure times, oestrous or spayed rats, 100 instead of 25 islets
      per perifusion chamber). The differences between isolated islets of Langerhans
      and the whole perfused pancreas preparation are discussed.

PMID- 387950
TI  - Wuchereria bancrofti microfilarial antigen in the diagnosis of human filariasis
      by skin test.

PMID- 387951
TI  - The self-concepts of regular transcendental meditators, dropout meditators, and
      nonmeditators.
AB  - Regular meditators, dropout meditators, and nonmeditators were administered the
      Tennessee Self Concept Scale twice over a six month period (N = 32 Australian men
      and women). Results showed that regular meditators as compared to dropout
      meditators were found to have significantly fewer of the characteristics
      associated with psychosis. Nonmeditators as compared to dropout meditators were
      found to have significantly fewer characteristics associated with psychosis and
      personality integration. Regular meditators as compared to nonmeditators have a
      more positive perception of their behavior. The findings provide a personality
      description of the dropout meditators which may be useful for screening
      prospective meditators.

PMID- 387952
TI  - Diploma ceremony, 8 June 1979 (Dr. Willian Arthur Altemeier and Mr. Alexander
      Lindsay Stewart).

PMID- 387953
TI  - N-formamido group formed in the place of thymine fragment under gamma irradiation
      of DNA. Rapid indirect method of evaluation both in vitro and in vivo conditions.

PMID- 387954
TI  - Affinity of macrophage fusion factor for macrophages.

PMID- 387955
TI  - Increased mortality of cadmium-intoxicated mice infected with the BCG strain of
      Mycobacterium bovis.

PMID- 387956
TI  - Inhibitory effects of cytochalasin B and the ionophores A23187 and X537A on
      binding and uptake of immune complexes by alveolar macrophages.

PMID- 387957
TI  - Scientific publications of a medical school faculty.
AB  - To characterize patterns of scientific productivity in a medical school faculty,
      the authors assessed the quantity and apparent scientific quality of publications
      by a large sample of the full-time faculty at Baylor College of Medicine. The
      apparent quality of an article in a given journal was taken to be the average
      extent to which articles in that journal are cited. Productivity varied greatly
      among the faculty members; a few prolific authors produced 10 times as much as
      the average of their colleagues, and a substantial fraction of the faculty
      published nothing in a four-year period. When productivity was related to length
      of academic career, two peaks of scientific accomplishment were noted. The first
      was for young faculty members whose relatively few publications were of high
      apparent quality. The second was for more mature faculty whose high productivity
      was attributable to more publications of less apparent quality.

PMID- 387958
TI  - Immunological studies in thymectomized and non-thymectomized patients with
      myasthenia gravis.
AB  - Eleven thymectomized and ten non-thymectomized patients with myasthenia gravis,
      matched with respect to sex, age, duration and severity of the disease were
      investigated with respect to routine clinical features, electrophysiological
      examination, HLA-typing, auto-antibodies, lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral
      blood, Concanavalin A-induced release of leucocyte migration inhibitory factor
      (LIF), in vitro lymphocyte activation by mitogens and antigens and response to
      primary immunization with dinitrochlorobenzene measured in vivo and in vitro. The
      following conclusions could be drawn. The immune response to external antigens
      seems to be normal in myasthenia gravis and thymectomy is not followed by general
      defects in immune competence; at least as investigated by current techniques. The
      only reduction of responsiveness demonstrable in the thymectomized group was a
      decreased release of LIF by Concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes. Primary immune
      responses appear to be increased after adult thymectomy, which may be due to a
      decrease in suppressor T-lymphocyte activity. A hypothesis is formulated that
      Concanavalin A-induced release of LIF may reflect the competence of suppressor T
      lymphocytes in man.

PMID- 387959
TI  - Immune complexes in newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (type I) diabetics.
AB  - Soluble immune complexes (AgAb) and islet cell antibodies (ICAb) were studied in
      110 insulin dependent diabetics (IDD) within a week of diagnosis and in about a
      third of the patients after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. AgAb were studied by the solid
      phase Clq binding test in all the patients and also by the Raji cell
      radioimmunoassay in 52 sera at diagnosis. Diabetics at diagnosis showed a
      significantly higher incidence of AgAb in comparison with the control population.
      AgAb positivity declined with increasing time from diagnosis to reach the normal
      range within 3 months. Both the Clq and the Raji methods revealed a significant
      correlation at diagnosis between the occurrence at AgAb and the presence of ICAb.
      The possibility exists that AgAb, perhaps comprised of pancreatic antigen and
      ICAb, may be involved in the pathogenesis of type I diabetes.

PMID- 387960
TI  - Expression of HBsAg on the membrane of hepatocytes in chronic carriers of
      hepatitis B virus infection.
AB  - Liver cell membrane localization of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was
      investigated in 31 asymptomatic chronic carriers by a direct immunofluorescence
      technique. A close relationship was found between absence of inflammatory liver
      disease, presence of large amounts of HBsAg in the liver and expression of the
      antigen at the hepatocyte surface. Capping of HBsAg after the addition of anti
      HBs serum could be inhibited by factors (temperature, metabolic inhibition) that
      are known to influence viral antigenic mobility at the cell surface. In two
      patients with chronic active hepatitis as well as in some cases showing
      histological features of focal parenchymal necrosis, HBsAg could be detected in
      the cytoplasm of a few scattered hepatocytes but never at the surface of the
      cells. Both the cases with CAH and one with focal parenchymal necrosis had IgG
      bound to the liver cell membrane. These findings are in agreement with the
      hypothesis that the absence of liver damage in HBsAg healthy chronic carriers is
      related to immune tolerance to the antigen. In chronic active liver disease the
      presence of IgG on the membrane of hepatocytes suggests a possible role of
      blocking antibodies directed against viral antigens expressed at the hepatocyte
      surface.

PMID- 387962
TI  - The response of young chronically protein-deficient mice to multiple antigenic
      challenge.
AB  - Responses to two or more antigens given together or separated by an interval of
      up to four days were determined in young mice maintained from weaning on a 4%
      albumin diet, and compared with those of normally-fed controls. Simultaneous
      challenge with several antigens did not affect antibody production in mice of
      either dietary group ("Simultaneous Competition") and the responses of normal and
      protein-deficient mice to sheep or rat erythrocytes were similarly produced by
      the prior injection of horse or sheep cells ("Sequential Competition"). However,
      the low protein diet broadened the conditions under which primary and secondary
      injections of diphtheria toxoid impaired primary responses to tetanus toxoid.
      These findings are discussed in relation to mechanisms previously proposed to
      explain antigenic competition, with a view to explaining the effects of protein
      deficiency on antibody production.

PMID- 387963
TI  - Studies on the autoantibody to lymphocytes in sarcoidosis.

PMID- 387961
TI  - Experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis: VI: anergy and allergy in the cellular
      immune response during non-healing infection in different strains of mice.

PMID- 387964
TI  - In vitro fixation of guinea pig complement by renal biopsies.
AB  - The in vitro fixation of heterologous complement by cryostat sections of human
      renal biopsy material was studied to determine the mechanism of complement
      activation. Various types of guinea pig sera with different parts of the
      complement system inhibited were used, the fixation of complement being detected
      by direct immunofluorescence. Cases of idiopathic focal nephritis with mesangial
      IgA (mesangial IgA disease), Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) and mesangio
      capillary glomerulonephritis (MCGN) fixed complement by the alternative pathway
      alone and in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) both the classical and
      alternative pathways were involved. Only one of the seven cases of membranous
      glomerulonephritis fixed complement and this was by the classical pathway. After
      prior treatment with C3b inactivator, the in vitro complement fixation in
      mesangial IgA disease, HSP and MCGN was greatly reduced. In SLE it was slightly
      reduced and in membranous glomerulonephritis there was no change. This is a
      convenient method of studying the biological properties of complexes which is
      believed to reflect the in vivo behaviour of the tissue deposited complex.

PMID- 387965
TI  - Circulating and tissue immune complexes in cutaneous vasculitis.

PMID- 387966
TI  - Centimeter- and millimeter-wave thermography--a survey on tumor detection.
AB  - Thermography at centimeter and millimeter wavelengths can measure subsurface
      temperatures of the human body. Radiative and bio-heat transfer influence the
      wavelength dependent subcutaneous temperature and spatial resolution. Recent
      clinical results in treatment monitoring of arthritis, detection of tumors in the
      neck and brain area, and breast cancer are reviewed.

PMID- 387968
TI  - Skin lesions of the extensor surfaces of interphalangeal joints: surgical
      approach.
AB  - A method of immediate grafting of interphalangeal joint skin defects after
      lesions are excised is presented.

PMID- 387969
TI  - The challenges ahead.

PMID- 387970
TI  - Charles Richard Drew, MD 1904--1950.

PMID- 387967
TI  - Biofeedback and relaxation training in the treatment of psychophysiological
      disorders: or are the machines really necessary?
AB  - The literature on the use of biofeedback and various forms of relaxation training
      in the treatment of psychophysiological disorders was reviewed; special attention
      was devoted to studies in which biofeedback and some form of relaxation training
      were compared. Based on this review, we conclude that there is no consistent
      advantage for one form of treatment over the other with any psychophysiological
      disorder for which a comparison has been made, e.g., essential hypertension,
      migraine headaches, premature ventricular contractions, tension headaches,
      temporomandibular joint pain, asthma, primary dysmenorrhea, and functional
      diarrhea. For other disorders in which no comparisons have been made (e.g.,
      Raynaud's disease, sinus tachycardia, peptic uclers, and fecal incontinence)
      biofeedback seems to be a very promising treatment modality.

PMID- 387971
TI  - A study to evaluate non-fatal rabies in animals.
AB  - Brains and salivary glands of stray dogs, cats and wild mammals were examined for
      latent rabies virus. Sera of these animals were tested for rabits neutralizing
      antibody. Dogs and rodents of the gerbil species were experimentally infected
      with rabies viruses tryping to produce nonfatal rabies. The following conclusions
      are made: 1. Naturally occurring nonfatal rabies infection evidenced by recovery
      of the virus was not present in the stray dogs examined and could not be produced
      experimentally. 2. Among wild gerbils showing no signs of disease, recovery of
      (latent) virus was possible but this condition could not be reproduced
      experimentally. However they could have been in the incubation stage. 3.
      Development of rabies neutralizing antibody did not occur naturally in wild
      rodents, but occurred in dogs. Antibody to rabies was detected in surviving
      gerbils after experimental infection. The antibody probably develops subsequent
      to sublinical nonfatal infection. 4. Non-fatal infection, indicated either by
      recovery of rabies virus or detection of neutralizing antibody, was not detected
      among the examined cats.

PMID- 387972
TI  - Immunocompetence of the guinea pig's middle ear.
AB  - Immunocompetence of the middle ear was studied in guinea pigs in two series of
      experiments. The first, afferent phase, consisted of grafting iso and allografts
      in the guinea pig's middle ear to sensitize the animals which were later to
      receive a skin graft on the back. The second, efferent phase, first sensitized
      the animals with a skin graft on their back and later in the middle ear. The
      results show a rather low capacity of the middle ear to elicit a second-set
      rejection of the skin grafts. This lack of sensitization is explained by the
      authors by the concept of tolerance.

PMID- 387973
TI  - The art is long.

PMID- 387974
TI  - [Wilhelm Bernhard. A man of science, humanism, and philanthropy].

PMID- 387975
TI  - Recombination in bacteriophage T1 in the presence of host restriction.
AB  - When unmodified phage T1 infects restricting host cells at high multiplicities of
      infection, there is an increase in recombination frequency in all regions of the
      T1 map compared to the level of recombination in standard crosses when short
      distances are examined. The enhancement of recombination frequency is not uniform
      for all regions but is greatest for markers near the center of the map and not so
      great for markers near the ends. Crosses between markers at the extremities of
      the map show that there is no increase in recombination frequency under
      restriction conditions. An examination of phage T1 heterozygotes suggests that an
      increase of ends created by the process of P1 restriction increases
      recombination. When T1 crosses are done in the absence of host restriction,
      recombination defects in the host have no effect on phage recombination and we
      conclude that phage T1 codes for its own recombination genes. Host recombination
      functions are also dispensable for the recombination occurring during infection
      of restricting host cells by unmodified phage at high multiplicities of
      infection.

PMID- 387976
TI  - Accumulation of bacteriophage T7 head-related particles in an Escherichia coli
      mutant.
AB  - Upon infection with bacteriophage T7, a newly isolated mutant strain of
      Escherichia coli, Y49, produces T7-specific macromolecules including DNA almost
      normally. However, concatemeric T7 progeny DNA molecules, synthesized in Y49
      cells, are later cleaved abnormally, resulting in an accumulation of DNA
      molecules shorter in size than the T7 genome and a poor production of progeny
      phage (Y. Yamada, J. Silnutzer, and D. Nakada, J. Mol. Biol. 121:95-111, 1978).
      The abnormal cutting of concatemeric T7 DNA in Y49 cells is accompanied by a
      simultaneous accumulation of large amounts of two types of phage head-related
      particles, proheads and newly found "X particles." Lysates from normal T7
      infection of parental cells also contain X particles, although to a lesser
      amount. Electron microscopic examination of phage head-related particles (i.e.,
      proheads, X particles, and empty heads), gel electrophoretic analysis of proteins
      in these particles, and kinetic studies on the appearance and fate of these
      particles suggest that X particles are likely to be intermediary structures
      between proheads and phage heads probably derived from proheads during the
      process of T7 DNA packaging. Our data also suggest that empty heads are not
      precursors to phage heads but are derived from proheads as by-products probably
      due to an abortive attempt to package T7 DNA. The host mutation in Y49 strain
      appears to block a step of T7 DNA processing and packaging pathway after
      generation of X particles from proheads.

PMID- 387977
TI  - Biochemical characterization of temperature-sensitive rabies virus mutants.
AB  - Biochemical characterization of 70 temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of rabies
      virus has been done by following the appearance of viral proteins and RNA
      molecules in infected cells at both permissive and nonpermissive temperature. The
      presence or absence of the nucleocapsid protein (N) was demonstrated by treating
      infected cells with anti-N fluorescent antibodies. At 33 degrees C, all the
      mutants induced a fluorescence comparable to the wild type. At 39.6 degrees C,
      the mutants can be classified into three groups. Three mutants induced a
      fluorescence comparable to the wild type (F+ mutants); 54 mutants induced a faint
      fluorescence which was proportional to the multiplicity of infection and
      increased with time (F+- mutants). No fluorescence could be detected for the 13
      remaining mutants (F- mutants). The synthesis of all viral proteins was shown to
      be normal for F+ mutants, indicating that transcription and replication of the
      virus were normal and that the ts lesion was located in a protein which is not
      directly required for those functions. The synthesis of all viral proteins was
      similarly decreased for F+- mutants and undetectable for the F- mutants. This
      suggests that the ts lesion affects the transcription and/or replication of the
      virus. By annealing techniques it was demonstrated that the F+- mutants were able
      to perform some amount of secondary transcription at nonpermissive temperature.
      No secondary transcription occurred with F- mutants. When detectable (i.e., at
      higher multiplicity of infection), primary transcription of F- mutants was
      normal.

PMID- 387978
TI  - Is abortive infection by bacteriophage BF23 of Escherichia coli harboring ColIb
      plasmids due to cell killing by internally liberated colicin Ib?
AB  - Infection of Escherichia coli harboring ColIb+ plasmids with bacteriophage BF23+
      is abortive and resulted in changes of membrane permeability as measured by
      efflux of nucleotides and K+. A single pre-early gene product of BF23+ was
      necessary and sufficient to elicit the abortive response. Appropriate mutations
      in this pre-early gene allowed a productive infection in ColIb+ cells.
      Appropriate mutations in the ColIb plasmid also allowed a productive infection
      with BF23+. A comparison of changes occurring during abortive infection and
      during killing of sensitive cells by external colicin Ib or Ia, together with
      certain genetic data, has led to the conclusion that membrane changes
      accompanying the two phenomena are the result of a common mechanism, namely, the
      interaction of free colicin with the cytoplasmic membrane.

PMID- 387979
TI  - Salmonella bacteriophage glycanases: endorhamnosidases of Salmonella typhimurium
      bacteriophages.
AB  - Twelve bacteriphages lysing only smooth Salmonella typhimurium strains were shown
      to have similar morphology--an icosahedric head to which a short, noncontractile
      tail carrying six spikes was attached. All phages degraded their
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptors as shown by their ability to cleave off
      [14C]galactosyl-containing oligosaccharides from S. typhimurium cells labeled in
      their LPS. The oligosaccharides inhibited the alpha-D-galactosyl-specific
      Bandeiraea simplicifolia lectin agglutination of human type B erythrocytes,
      indicating that all 12 phage glycanases were of endorhamnosidase specificity,
      i.e., hydrolyzed the alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-D-galactopyranosyl
      linkage in the S. typhimurium O-polysaccharide chain. Two of the phages, 28B and
      36, were studied in more detail. Whereas the phage 28B glycanase hydrolyzed the
      S. typhimurium LPS into dodeca- and octasaccharides, the phage 36 glycanase in
      addition cleaved off tetrasaccharides. Both phage enzymes hydrolyzed the O
      polysaccharide chains of LPS from Salmonella belonging to serogroups A, B, and
      D1, which are built up of tetrasaccharide-repeating units identical except for
      the nature of the 3,6-dideoxyhexopyranosyl group (R). : FORMULA:(SEE TEXT). The
      phage 28B and 36 endorhamnosidases hydrolyzed also an LPS from which the 3,6
      dideoxyhexosyl substituents had previously been hydrolyzed off. However, neither
      of the enzymes was active on LPS preparations in which the C2-C3 bond of the L
      rhamnopyranosyl ring had been opened by periodate oxidation. Glucosylation at O-6
      of the D-galactopyranosyl residues in the S. typhimurium LPS was found to be
      incompatible with hydrolysis by both enzymes. However, in an LPS glucosylated at
      O-4 of the D-galactopyranosyl residues, the adjacent alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl
      linkages were found to be perferentially cleaved.

PMID- 387980
TI  - Evolution of defective-interfering double-stranded RNAs of the yeast killer
      virus.
AB  - We have characterized by T1 fingerprint analysis several defective interfering
      (DI) double-stranded RNAs of the simple yeast virus ScV. A common sequence of
      about 0.5 to 0.6 kilobase pairs, including both 3' termini of the parental RNA,
      was present in each DI RNA. Several DI RNAs had novel T1 oligonucleotides not
      present in their parental RNA.

PMID- 387981
TI  - Analysis of the arterial blood flow patterns of normal and allografted kidneys by
      the directional ultrasonic Doppler technique.

PMID- 387982
TI  - The treatment of infection stones with penicillin.
AB  - The use of oral penicillin therapy is important in the management of renal stones
      secondary to Proteus mirabilis urinary tract infections. In 16 of 20 patients (80
      per cent) with struvite renal calculi infected with Proteus mirabilis a sterile
      urine was achieved with appropriate penicillin therapy and diminution in stone
      size occurred in at least 2 cases. The rationale, supporting data and therapeutic
      uses are discussed.

PMID- 387983
TI  - Simple transvesical repair of vesicovaginal fistula.
AB  - A simple transvesical repair of uncomplicated small vesicovaginal fistulas was
      done successfully on 40 consecutive patients. More extensive procedures using
      combined intraperitoneal-transvesical approaches with extensive dissection and
      omental flaps probably are necessary for the repair of large, complicated or
      irradiated fistulas. However, these are not often encountered in urological
      practice. The method described herein is recommended for fistulas encountered
      more frequently.

PMID- 387984
TI  - Lasker award winners announced.

PMID- 387985
TI  - Cooperative clofibrate trial.

PMID- 387986
TI  - Psychosomatic medicine.

PMID- 387988
TI  - JAMA reference directories.

PMID- 387987
TI  - Laboratory diagnosis in the problem of suspected gonococcal infection.
AB  - Proper laboratory techniques are indispensable for the diagnosis and detection of
      gonorrhea. While the smear is efficacious in diagnosing symptomatic urethral
      gonorrhea in men, it is not reliable for cervical, rectal, pharyngeal, or
      asymptomatic urethral infection. We have seen the development of four systems of
      culturing geared toward the office practitioner or where a complete laboratory is
      not available. They are as follows: Transgrow (transport), Neigon JEMBEC
      (transport or nontransport), Isocult, and Microcult systems. The Neigon JEMBEC
      system offers a good choice for the office practitioner. The use of proper
      diagnostic and culturing techniques and routine screening should bring about an
      increase in the amount of gonorrhea detected, treated, and subsequently removed
      from the reservoir of infection.

PMID- 387989
TI  - Alfred Doblin.

PMID- 387990
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin I2 on cyclical reductions of coronary blood flow.
AB  - The effects of prostaglandin (PG) I2 and the agents which affect PG and
      thromboxane (TX) generating systems on cyclical reductions of blood flow in the
      partially constricted coronary artery of anesthetized dogs were examined.
      Cyclical reductions were eliminated by PG I2, but not by PG D2, and were
      augmented by 15-hydroperoxy arachidonic acid and tranylcypromine that inhibited
      synthesis of PG I2. The cyclical reductions were also eliminated by Cu
      chlorophylline that inhibited synthesis of PG E2 and accelerated synthesis of TX
      A2, but were not by imidazole and 1-methyl imidazole that inhibited synthesis of
      TX A2. The results in this and in the previous studies indicate that not TX A2
      but PG E2 participates as an inducer while PG I2 participates as an inhibitor in
      cyclical reductions of coronary blood flow.

PMID- 387991
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of respirators (author's transl)].

PMID- 387992
TI  - [Clinical application of cefadroxil to a variety of urinary tract infections
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 387993
TI  - [Laboratory and clinical studies on cefamandole (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors have carried out the laboratory and clinical studies of cefamandole
      (CMD). The results are as follows: The sensitivity was measured by plate dilution
      method on 26 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella
      pneumoniae and 14 strains of Salmonella typhimurium isolated from patients. The
      distribution of sensitivity of S. aureus was 0.39 approximately 3.13
      micrograms/ml and the peak of distribution was 1.56 micrograms/ml. The
      distribution of sensitivity of E. coli was 0.78 approximately greater than 100
      micrograms/ml, and K. pneumoniae, 1.56 approximately greater than 100
      micrograms/ml. The distribution of sensitivity of Salmonella typhimurium was 6.25
      approximately greater than 100 micrograms/ml and its peak was 6.25 micrograms/ml.
      CMD were given intravenously for 30 and 60 minutes at a single dose of 25 mg/kg
      body weight to 6 children. The serum mean levels of CMD were 105.3 micrograms/ml
      at 30 minutes, 15.1 micrograms/ml at 1.5 hours, 1.6 micrograms/ml at 2.5 hours
      after drip infusion for 30 minutes, respectively, and 34.7, 5.2, 0.6
      micrograms/ml at 1, 2, 3 hours after drip infusion for 60 minutes, respectively.
      And the serum level at 4 hours after administration was not detected. The mean
      urinary excretion rates were 73.3% in the drip infusion for 30 minutes and 60.7%
      in its for 60 minutes, up to 8 hours after administration. Half life was 26
      minutes. CMD was effective in 18 of 21 cases of bacterial infections. No side
      effects were observed except for 2 cases with elevation of serum transaminase.

PMID- 387994
TI  - [Fundamental and clinical studies of cefamandole sodium in children (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 387996
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXXIII].

PMID- 387997
TI  - [Foreign literature on antibiotics. CLVII].

PMID- 387995
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of cefamandole in infants and children (author's transl)].
AB  - Clinical trials were carried out with cafamandole (sodium salt) in pediatric
      infections. Results were as follows; 1. CMD was applied to 13 patients with
      pneumonia, 1 patient each with submandibular abscess, urinary tract infection and
      bacterial meningitis. 2. Results were excellent in 1 and good in 13 patients,
      being overall efficacy rate 93.3%. 3. Slight elevations of GOT and GPT were
      observed in 1 patient. No other serious side effects were observed or reported.

PMID- 387998
TI  - Computer analysis of vectorcardiograms in myocardial infarction with special
      reference to polar vector and planarity of the QRS and T loops.
AB  - Spatial characteristics of the QRS and T loops in 110 patients with old
      myocardial infarction were analysed in comparison with 221 normal subjects.
      Measured were (1) QRS and T polar vectors, (2) initial 20- and 30-msec segmental
      QRS polar vectors, and (3) length, width, thickness, and ratios of width/length
      and thickness/length of the QRS and T loops in edgewise and broadside
      projections. Broadside and edgewise projections were obtained by transformation
      of the reference frame of the Frank lead system to a patient's own frame based on
      the polar vector. The recognition rates of abnormality in the QRS and T polar
      vectors were 66% and 60% of a total of 110 patients with myocardial infarction.
      The initial 30 msec segmental QRS polar vector showed the highest recognition
      rate of abnormality in myocardial infarction, i.e., 87% in anterior myocardial
      infarction, 100% in extensive anterior myocardial infarction and 78% in inferior
      myocardial infarction. The initial segmental QRS polar vector was abnormally
      deviated posteriorly and superiorly in inferior myocardial infarction. In
      anterior myocardial infarction, the initial segmental polar vector was directed
      inferiorly in more than 50% of the cases, while the vector in normal subjects was
      located superiorly and to the left. The QRS loop of anterior myocardial
      infarction was significantly smaller in the width and width/length ratio and
      significantly larger in the thickness and thickness/length ratio than those of
      the normal. Poor planarity of the QRS loop was one of the characteristics of
      myocardial infarction, especially of extensive anterior myocardial infarction.
      The T loop of myocardial infarction was significantly larger in the width/length
      ratio than that of the normal. More than 50% of the cases with anterior
      myocardial infarction showed abnormally wide T loops. The polar vector was a
      useful index to characterize the spatial orientation and sense of rotation of the
      spatial loop. In addition, the initial segmental QRS polar vector represented the
      mild localized abnormalities of the spatial loop. The loop configuration in space
      was characterized in edgewise and broadside projections.

PMID- 387999
TI  - Comparative studies on the activities of prostaglandin biosynthesis in platelets
      and aortas of normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats [proceedings].

PMID- 388000
TI  - Hypertension and stroke in SHR transplanted with the kidney of stroke-prone SHR
      [proceedings].

PMID- 388002
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 388001
TI  - [Bibliography of Japanese literature 1978].

PMID- 388003
TI  - [Detection of rejection reaction in the transplanted kidney by sequential
      analysis].

PMID- 388004
TI  - [Information processing system and its application].

PMID- 388006
TI  - [Analysis of variance. 1. Application to computer diagnosis].

PMID- 388005
TI  - [Classification of disease types based on laboratory data using a 12-item
      simultaneous automatic analyzer--computer programming and its application].

PMID- 388007
TI  - [Current determination of pituitary hormones and its problem (author's transl)].

PMID- 388008
TI  - Pathogenicity of cultivated murine leprosy bacilli of Hawaiian-Ogawa strain in
      mice. 4) Visceral lesions in mice produced by intraperitoneal infection.
AB  - The pathogenicity of two substrains (HO-R and HO-S) of cultivated murine leprosy
      bacilli was examined by intraperitoneal inoculation to various strains of mice
      (C3H, KK, BALA/c, DDD and C57BL/6). HO-R (Rough Form) was first isolated on 1%
      Ogawa's egg yolk medium from the leprous lesions produced by original Hawaiian
      strain (H bacilli). HO-S (Smooth Form) was dissociated in vitro during the 9th to
      15th subculture of HO-R on the same kind of medium. In all the mice tested,
      intraperitoneal inoculation with HO-R bacilli produced progressively severe
      visceral lesions in the manner similar to H bacilli harvested from subcutaneous
      leproma. The only exception was, however in DDD strain of mice H bacilli produced
      only slight visceral lesions even in the later stage of infection. HO-S was much
      lower in the pathogenicity than the above two strains of murine leprosy bacilli.
      Visceral lesions produced by intraperitoneal inoculation with HO-S used to be
      very slight in all the strains of mice except BALB/c. BALB/c strain mice were
      highly susceptible to intraperitoneal as well as subcutaneous infection with HO
      S. From the above observations, it is concluded that the characteristic features
      of pathogenicity of cultivated murine leprosy bacilli, such as mouse strain
      differences, are all the same regardless of infection route.

PMID- 388009
TI  - Lipoprotein like antigen on rat renal tubular epithelium.
AB  - Three lipoprotein fractions were obtained from rat serum by density gradient
      ultracentrifugation; Fraction A (Fr. A, d less than 1.019), Fraction B (Fr B,
      1.019 less than d less than 1.063), and Fraction C (Fr. C., 1.063 less than d
      less than 1.21). Kidney, liver and heart of rats were investigated by
      immunofluorescence using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugated rabbit anti
      rat Fr. A and anti-rat Fr. C sera. Significant fluorescence was observed only in
      rat renal tubular epithelium (RTE) suggesting the presence of identical antigenic
      determinants in it as rat serum lipoproteins. Relatively small doses of each
      fraction of serum lipoproteins were injected with Freund's complete adjuvant
      (FCA) in rear foot pads. Two to four weeks after the injection, very mild
      proteinuria appeared in all rats immunized with Fr. B and Fr. C and three months
      later serum cholesterol was elevated in 3 of 8 rats. But no deposition of
      immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM) were observed in glomeruli of all rats examined, and
      any histological changes could not be found in renal tissue by light or electron
      microscopic observation.

PMID- 388010
TI  - [Plasma levels of dibekacin (DKB) following bronchial lavage using
      bronchofiberscope and nebulized aerosol administration via IPPB (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 388011
TI  - [Study of radioactive fibrinogen metabolism in renal allotransplantation
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 388012
TI  - Asystole and its treatment: the possible role of the parasympathetic nervous
      system in cardiac arrest.
AB  - Parasympathetic tone may be high during ventricular asystole because of reflex
      vagal stimulation from a number of sources. Eight patients in cardiac arrest were
      treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation. All eight patients had ventricular
      asystole as the initial rhythm or as the result of defibrillation. Six patients
      failed to respond to 5 cc to 20 cc of 1:10,000 epinephrine intravenously (IV). In
      all eight cases a regular rhythm (sinus in seven, idioventricular in one)
      appeared within 30 seconds of administration of the last dose of atropine (1 mg
      to 2 mg IV). Five patients (62.5%) lived 12 hours, three (37.5%) were discharged
      from the hospital. These results suggest that atropine may be of value in the
      treatment of ventricular asystole.

PMID- 388013
TI  - Carbon monoxide poisoning: the injury and its treatment.

PMID- 388014
TI  - Migration inhibition factor activity in sera of patients with chronic lymphatic
      leukemia.
AB  - Migration inhibition factor (MIF) activity, expressed as a migration index, was
      studied in the sera of 48 chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) patients and 48
      healthy controls. MIF activity was detected in the sera of 50% of the CLL
      patients. The medical condition of patients in advanced clinical stages (III and
      IV) and with detectable MIF activity was more stable (after 18-mo follow-up) than
      was that of the patients in advanced stages but without detectable MIF activity.
      No relationship was found between the clinical stage of the disease, absolute
      lymphocyte count, and MIF activity.

PMID- 388015
TI  - Epidemiology of oral and pharyngeal cancers in the United States: review of
      recent literature.
AB  - Recent literature on morbidity and mortality patterns, known risk factors, and
      related sociobehavioral characteristics of oral cancer have been examined.
      Despite variation in populations and methodologies, alcohol and tobacco were seen
      as the major independent etiologic agents; these effects were associated with
      age, sex, and religion-ethnicity. Other factors were suggested, but their
      correlation was less consistent: geographic location, race, socioeconomic status,
      nutrition, dental conditions, and concurrent diseases. Social and behavioral
      components may alter risk, stage of disease at diagnosis, treatment or survival
      from oral cancer. The impact of sociobehavioral elements on the reduction of the
      incidence of and the mortality from the disease is an important area needing
      further investigation.

PMID- 388016
TI  - Enhanced macrophage tumoricidal activity and tumor suppression or regression
      caused by heat-killed Candida albicans.
AB  - The growth of line-10 hepatoma in male Sewall Wright strain 2 guinea pigs was
      totally suppressed when tumor cells were mixed with heat-killed Candida albicans.
      In a significant number of animals, injection of C. albicans into established
      tumors 10-12 mm in diameter caused complete, rapid tumor regression. Guinea pigs
      whose tumors regressed or were suppressed as a result of injection of C. albicans
      rejected subsequent challenges at distant sites with the line-10 hepatoma, which
      indicated the development of systemic immunity to the tumor. Untreated control
      guinea pigs had positive delayed hypersensitivity reactions to intradermally
      injected C. albicans, which suggested prior natural exposure of the animals to C.
      albicans antigens. Peritoneal macrophages from mice that had received ip
      injections of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or C. albicans were not cytocidal
      for mouse 3T12 tumor cells in vitro. However, macrophages from the mice given
      injections of C. albicans, unlike those from mice given PBS, were markedly
      tumoricidal in the presence of 1 ng or more endotoxin/ml in vitro. These results
      demonstrated that heat-killed C. albicans, when inoculated into the peritoneal
      cavity, increased the tumoricidal potential of peritoneal macrophages.

PMID- 388017
TI  - [Effect of ambient temperature on pancreatic hormone secretions at birth].

PMID- 388018
TI  - [Experimental studies on tuberculin hypersensitivity--immunological significance
      of leucocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF) and macrophage migration
      inhibitory factor (MIF) (author's transl)].

PMID- 388020
TI  - [A life of Seki Hora, mother of public health nursing in our country: in the
      natural figure (5)].

PMID- 388021
TI  - [Profile: Toshiko Hamuro who takes part in the "Minato Mother-Child Health
      liaison circle autonomous movement organization in the community, which has
      continued for 16 years].

PMID- 388019
TI  - [Mycobacterial infections in nude mice (author's transl)].

PMID- 388022
TI  - [Life of Seki Hora, mother of public health nursing in our country: in the
      natural figure (4)].

PMID- 388023
TI  - [Treatment of the late complications of penetrating gunshot wounds of the chest].

PMID- 388024
TI  - [Determination of the operability and the extent of the surgical intervention by
      using a computer in central bronchial cancer according to clinical x-ray data].

PMID- 388025
TI  - [Late results of the surgical treatment of hernias of the diaphragmatic cupula].

PMID- 388026
TI  - [New method of forming an esophagogastric anastomosis in reconstructive
      restorative operations on the esophagus].

PMID- 388027
TI  - [Georgii Grigor'evich Karavanov (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 388028
TI  - [Mikhail Dmitrievich Podil'chak (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 388029
TI  - [Nikolai Nikolaevich Zemskov].

PMID- 388030
TI  - [Liver resection using mechanical suturing with UKL and UAP apparatus].

PMID- 388031
TI  - [Antibiotic sensitivity of the anaerobic causative agents of surgical infection
      (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 388032
TI  - [Disturbances of the rheological properties of the blood in surgical patients (a
      review of the literature)].

PMID- 388033
TI  - [Skin sieve autografts in the treatment of burns].

PMID- 388034
TI  - [Transplanted kidney function in the late period].

PMID- 388035
TI  - [Use of algipor in treating burns].

PMID- 388036
TI  - [Treatment of an interatrial septal defect in adults].

PMID- 388037
TI  - [Complex migration of metallic foreign bodies].

PMID- 388038
TI  - [Closure of a Potts-Smith-Gibson anastomosis during radical correction of
      tetralogy of Fallot].

PMID- 388039
TI  - [Andrei Vladimirovich Guliaev (on his 75th birthday)].

PMID- 388040
TI  - [Arkadii Il'ich Krakovskii (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 388042
TI  - [Surgical treatment of combined injury to the major arteries and veins].

PMID- 388041
TI  - [Georgii Stepanovich Iumashev (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 388044
TI  - [Free skin autoplasty in endarteritis obliterans].

PMID- 388043
TI  - [Radioisotopic evaluation of the central hemodynamics in occlusive lesions of the
      vessels of the extremities].

PMID- 388045
TI  - [Volumetric blood flow of a kidney autograft depending on the site of the
      arterial anastomosis].

PMID- 388046
TI  - [Free dermatoplasty with a split graft in treating late radiation injuries to the
      skin].

PMID- 388048
TI  - [Surgical approach to Schloffer's and Brown's tumors].

PMID- 388047
TI  - [Clinical aspects of utilizing the cytological diagnostic method].

PMID- 388049
TI  - [Prof. Veselin N. Mateev on his 65th birthday].

PMID- 388050
TI  - [Further development and advances of Polish ophthalmology during the last 5
      years].

PMID- 388051
TI  - [Perspectives of development of ophthalmological specialization in the light of
      the achievements during the years 1944-1979].

PMID- 388052
TI  - [Experimental investigations on the reconstruction of the nasolacrimal duct by
      elongation and downward shifting of the lacrimal sac (author's transl)].

PMID- 388053
TI  - [Transfer factor (TF) treatment of patients with HBs-Ag-positive chronic active
      hepatitis. A prospective, controlled study (author's transl)].
AB  - It is a clinically and experimentally well supported working hypothesis that
      infection with hepatitis B virus may result in chronic active hepatitis in
      patients with suspected immune deficiencies. On this basis, a pilot study was
      performed in order to evaluate the effect of "specific" transfer factor (TF) in
      the treatment of HBS-Ag-positive chronic active hepatitis. From the leukocytes of
      500 ml venous blood each of 40 volunteers that had completely recovered from
      acute virus hepatitis B within the last 6 months, a unique TF pool (40 units of
      TF) was prepared according to the method of Lawrence. Preexaminations indicated
      that this preparation was able to enhance cellular immune reactions in vitro.
      Thirteen patients with HBS-antigenemia and chronic active hepatitis (i.e., two
      liver biopsies within the last 6 or more months with the histological criteria of
      chronic aggressive hepatitis according to de Groote, elevated serum levels of
      bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, transaminase activities, and/or gamma
      globulines) were randomized: Seven received s.c. injections of two units of TF
      each on days 1 and 15, the other six saline. Conversion of skin reactions to some
      ubiquitous antigens occurred in the TF group, but no significant and constant
      drop of HBS-Ag serum titers was observed. Although some of the biochemical
      parameters seemed to ameliorate in the TF group, the differences versus the
      control group did not prove to be significant within the limited number of
      patients under observation. The in vitro reactivity of patients' lymphocytes to
      HBS-Ag, tested by means of the 3H-thymidine uptake, was never found enhanced
      after TF application. In the used doses, "specific" TF was not effective in the
      treatment of HBS-Ag-positive chronic active hepatitis; unfavorable side-effects
      were not observed.

PMID- 388055
TI  - [Training of professors at Dorpat University].

PMID- 388056
TI  - [In memoriam Lazar' Izrailevich Fogel'son].

PMID- 388054
TI  - [Current status in the treatment of breast cancer. I. Endocrine management-
      change of concepts and outlook for the future (author's transl)].
AB  - A renewal of interest in endocrine therapy of breast cancer is resulting from the
      demonstration of steroid hormone receptors in tumor cells sensitive to
      antiestrogens and the possibility for predicting endocrine responsiveness.
      Therefore new therapeutical concepts have been developed and some of the
      established endocrine regimens have been reduced to historical interest. It is
      more than doubtful that the present schematization in selecting the proper kind
      of endocrine treatment has any future as methodical difficulties in demonstrating
      hormone receptors will be overcome and the understanding of their biological
      function will increase.

PMID- 388057
TI  - [Anatolii Innokent'evich Nesterov].

PMID- 388058
TI  - [Clinical use of contrast echocardiography].

PMID- 388059
TI  - [Outstanding Russian therapist, G. A. Zakhar'in (on the 150th anniversary of his
      birth)].

PMID- 388060
TI  - [Clinical medical problems in the works of A. N. Nazem-Bek (on the 120th
      anniversary of his birth, 1859-1919)].

PMID- 388062
TI  - [Fedor Efimovich Ostapiuk (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 388061
TI  - [Achievements and developmental prospects of radioisotope diagnosis].

PMID- 388063
TI  - [Clinical and pathogenetic comparisons with allergization in Flexner and Sonne
      dysentery].

PMID- 388064
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of the clinical course of Flexner and Sonne
      dysenteries during the warm and cold periods of the year].

PMID- 388065
TI  - [Comparative effectiveness of the treatment of acute dysentery].

PMID- 388066
TI  - [S. P. Botkin's letters from Bulgaria (on the centenary of the liberation of
      Bulgaria from the Turkish yoke)].

PMID- 388068
TI  - [Ionuson Menashevich Khazen (1901-1979)].

PMID- 388067
TI  - [Weltanschauung aspects of the problem of man, the biosphere and space].
AB  - The paper discusses philosophic approaches to the problem of man-environment
      interplay. Many important problems humanity faces today are associated with
      biology. Biomedical and astrophysical studies are being carried out to gain a
      better insight into the laws governing evolution and further development of the
      Universe. The emergence of a human society started a qualitatively new stage in
      the evolution of organic matter. A rapid progress of science and engineering is
      accompanied by a significant rearrangement of the natural environment and,
      particularly, of living beings. The biosphere is transforming into the sphere of
      intelligence, i.e. noosphere. However, natural phenomena are still more powerful
      than man-made productive forces. Man's excursion into outer space allowed him to
      look at himself as if from the outside and to evaluate critically his actual
      role, position and responsibility in the infinite Universe as compared with other
      forms of life and intelligence. The Universe may be boundlessly great but for
      human beings there is nothing better than the Earth. Our planet will long remain
      the base for the existence and development of humanity. Today man ought to take
      the streering-wheel of evolution and fate of the biosphere into his hands, in
      order to preserve, through the efforts of many generations, our planet as the gem
      of the Universe.

PMID- 388069
TI  - [Intestinal microflora makeup of astronauts before and after space flights].
AB  - The composition of the intestinal microflora of 12 cosmonauts was studied before
      and after space missions of varying duration. Changes in the intestinal microbial
      coenosis were found prelaunch. The pattern of changes did not vary with an
      increase in space flight duration. The use of special prophylactic measures
      exerted a positive effect on intestinal microecology. Bifidobacteria and
      lactobacilli showed the greatest changes inflight. Therefore, it seems important
      to arrange preflight sanation of the intestinal microflora as a prophylactic
      method.

PMID- 388070
TI  - A simple method for the detection of antibodies to Encephalitozoon cuniculi in
      rabbits.
AB  - Rabbit antibodies against Encephalitozoon cuniculi were detected in an indirect
      microagglutination test using a bead substrate to which anti-rabbit immunoglobin
      G light and heavy chain antibodies were coupled. The test was positive using
      immune whole serum or F(ab)' and F(ab)'2 fragments of immunoglobin G but negative
      using the F(c) fragment. The reaction was blocked by saturating the beads with
      rabbit serum or by absorbing positive sera with excess Encephalitozoon cuniculi.
      The test provided a simple method to detect antibodies to Encephalitozoon
      cuniculi, did not require elaborate equipment and could be performed using frozen
      antigen.

PMID- 388071
TI  - Serum luteinizing hormone and ovulatory response to luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone in the estrous and anestrous domestic cat.
AB  - A heterologous double antibody radioimmunoassay was developed to measure changes
      in serum luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations in estrous and anestrous queens
      (female domestic cats), following a single injection of varying doses (0--25
      microgram) of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH). No increase in serum
      LH was detected in any of the estrous or anestrous queens following a single
      saline injection. Treatment with LH-RH resulted in a sharp increase in serum LH
      concentration in both estrous and anestrous queens. Ovulations as observed by the
      presence of corpora lutea at laparoscopy occurred in none of four, one of four,
      two of four and four of four estrous queens receiving 0, 5, 10 or 25 microgram of
      LH-RH, respectively. Mean serum LH concentration of the ovulating queens was
      maintained at a higher level and did not return to basal level at the same time
      as that of nonovulating queens. The data show that: LH-RH can cause release of LH
      in both estrous and anestrous queens and induce ovulation in the estrous cat; the
      magnitude of LH response is influenced by the stage of the reproductive cycle;
      and the duration during which LH is maintained above basal level may play a
      significant role in ovulation induction in this coitus-induced ovulatory species.

PMID- 388072
TI  - Cathepsin B activity in stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages.
AB  - The activity of cathepsin B was assayed in murine resident peritoneal
      macrophages, and after stimulation of the cells in vivo and in vitro. The
      resident cells showed a very low activity of the enzyme, compared to the
      activities of three other lysosomal enzymes: cathepsin D, acid phosphatase, and
      beta-glucuronidase which were tested simultaneously. Endocytosis of carrageenan,
      latex, or carbon particles in vitro induced a prominent rise in intracellular
      cathepsin B activity. Addition of endotoxin from Escherichia coli in vivo or in
      vitro, or cell wall products from streptococci in vitro caused no change in
      cathepsin B activity. There was a release of enzyme activity to the medium after
      a 72-hour culture of macrophages. However, the release, calculated as a
      percentage of total activity, was not influenced by any treatments mentioned. All
      significant rises in enzyme activity could be inhibited by the addition of
      cycloheximide, and it was concluded that increased enzyme activity was dependent
      on new protein synthesis.

PMID- 388073
TI  - Identification of myosin in human epithelial cancers with immunofluorescence.
AB  - The location of myosin in neoplastic cells from human breast, colonic, gastric,
      bronchial, skin, esophageal, and renal carcinomas has been examined using an
      immunofluorescence technique with an antibody raised against human smooth muscle
      myosin. Normal tissues and fibroblast cell cultures were also investigated. In
      all the tumors myosin was located in the cytoplasm adjacent to the plasma
      membrane. Cancer cells appeared more strongly immunofluorescent than normal
      tissues. The precise pattern of immunofluorescence in neoplastic cells varied
      with the histologic type of the tumor. Linear immunofluorescence around the outer
      border of the cytoplasm was the most common pattern observed, but in well
      differentiated adenocarcinomas, myosin was located chiefly in relation to the
      microvillous border. In three of the squamous carcinomas a granular pattern of
      immunofluorescence was observed. Undifferentiated breast carcinomas did not
      contain more myosin than better differentiated tumors, and the intensity of
      immunofluorescence was no greater in invasive cancer cells than noninvasive tumor
      cells. The results suggest that myosin is present in greater amounts in
      neoplastic cells than normal cells and may be concerned with cell shape and
      polarity as well as cell movement.

PMID- 388074
TI  - In vitro digestibility of protein from barley and other cereals.

PMID- 388075
TI  - Variation in in vitro digestibility of barley protein.

PMID- 388076
TI  - Analysis of dietary fibre.

PMID- 388077
TI  - A translation of Finkelnburg's (1870) lecture on aphasia as "asymbolia" with
      commentary.
AB  - On March 21, 1870, Dr. D.C. Finkelnburg addressed the Society of the Lower Rhine
      in Bonn on the popular topic of aphasia. He challenged the prevailing view that
      aphasia was a disorder of speech only and the emphasis that had been given to the
      issue of cerebral localization. The disorder, he pointed out, not only extended
      beyond the speech modality to include verbal comprehension, reading, and writing
      but also included many extraverbal disturbances of symbolic usage. In support of
      his argument, he presented five detailed case studies of aphasics (two with
      autopsy data) who demonstrated a variety of verbal and extraverbal deficits.
      Because the term aphasia referred specifically to speech disturbance and
      inadequately signified the full extent of the disorder, Finkelnburg proposed the
      more generic term asymbolia as a more accurate representation of the nature of
      the disorder. This translation makes available a previously inaccessible but
      historically important and still viable contribution to the study of the nature
      of aphasia.

PMID- 388078
TI  - Speech clinicians' attribution of personality traits as a function of stuttering
      severity.
AB  - Thirty-six speech-language pathologists participated in a study to evaluate
      clinicians' preconceptions of persons who stutter. Each rated a designated
      construct (the normally fluent individual, the mild stutterer, the moderate
      stutterer, the severe stutterer) using a personality trait scale. Results
      indicated that clinicians stereotypically assign negative personality traits to
      all levels of stuttering severity relative to normal. Their ratings further
      demonstrated that stutterers are generally considered to be a homogenous group.
      Differentiation amongst stutterers was made only between the polar ends of the
      stuttering severity continuum (that is, mild vs. severe). Clinicians'
      sterotypical trait assignment was not related to their professional experience.
      Results are discussed with reference to their clinical implications.

PMID- 388079
TI  - Electrocardiography in sports medicine.

PMID- 388080
TI  - Tennessee Dental Association. Directory and membership roster. 1978-79.

PMID- 388081
TI  - The availability of dental services to underserved citizens of Tennessee.

PMID- 388082
TI  - A preliminary report on the use of immunoperoxidases to study binding of
      estrogens in rat uteri.

PMID- 388083
TI  - Adriamycin in localized and metastatic uterine sarcomas.
AB  - Seventeen women with metastatic uterine sarcomas were treated with Adriamycin
      chemotherapy. Only one (6%) had an objective response. In addition, 12 patients
      with early uterine sarcomas were randomized to Adriamycin versus no adjuvant
      chemotherapy in order to evaluate the effect of Adriamycin in reducing the
      incidence of subsequent distant recurrences. Of those women receiving Adriamycin,
      two developed distant metastasis and two developed life-threatening congestive
      heart failure. Also, two of the six women who did not receive Adriamycin
      developed distant metastasis. Therefore, continuation of the randomized trial was
      considered unjustified.

PMID- 388084
TI  - Anterior mediastinal tracheostomy: indications, techniques, and clinical
      experience.

PMID- 388085
TI  - The value of prophylactic antibiotics in aorat-coronary bypass operations: a
      double-blind randomized trial.
AB  - Prospective and retrospective studies were performed to determine the efficacy of
      prophylactic antibiotics in preventing infections in patients undergoing arota
      coronary bypass. One-hundred five patients were randomized in a double-blind
      fashion to receive either methicillin or saline-placebo for 3 days. The over-all
      infection rate was 26.7% with 48.9% in the control group and 8.6% in the
      methicillin group (p less than 0.001). Significant sternal wound infection
      developed in 21.3% of the control group and 0% of the methicillin group (p less
      than 0.01). Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant organism causing
      significant sternal infection (methicillin group versus control group, 5.2% and
      21.3%; p less than 0.05). The length of postoperative stay in hospital and the
      number of days with fever was significantly greater in the control group than in
      the methicillin group (p less than 0.001). During the same period of time, 160
      patients were studied retrospectively. Of these, 150 patients received
      cephalothin prophylaxis and 10 received methicillin. Comparison of the rates of
      infection in the cephalothin group to the total methicillin group (prospective
      and retrospective) showed no significant difference. The study clearly
      demonstrated that a short course of prophylactic antistaphlococcal penicillin or
      cephalosporin is justified in aorta-coronary bypass.

PMID- 388086
TI  - Complete endocardial cushion defect: operative technique and results.

PMID- 388088
TI  - In memoriam: A. Austin Pearre, Jr., MD.

PMID- 388087
TI  - National Health Service Corps and Medicaid dental programs: a cooperative
      venture.

PMID- 388089
TI  - Cover story: Dr. Guyther - Good Housekeeping's family doctor of the year.

PMID- 388090
TI  - The role of the speech pathologist in treating the dysphonic patient.

PMID- 388091
TI  - How not to be sued for malpractice.

PMID- 388093
TI  - The Louis A. M. Krause History of Medicine and Rare Book Collection.

PMID- 388092
TI  - The Reverend Leslie R. Miles, Jr., MD: The churchman as physician, the physician
      as churchman--what it's like to be BOTH.

PMID- 388094
TI  - Medicine in Maryland during the Civil War.

PMID- 388095
TI  - Pulmonary resuscitation--Howard Atwood Kelly, 1894.

PMID- 388097
TI  - Nutrition in Maryland, 1899-1928.

PMID- 388098
TI  - A 200-year-old book of patient records.

PMID- 388096
TI  - Studying the history of the development of professional ethics in American
      medicine.

PMID- 388099
TI  - Medicine needs another Mencken.

PMID- 388101
TI  - Heart attack! Hospitals in Maryland.

PMID- 388100
TI  - A sketch of the history of obstetrics and gynecology in Maryland, 1770-1976.

PMID- 388102
TI  - Chlamydial infections. Microbiological, clinical and diagnostic aspects.
AB  - The agent of trachoma, originally regarded as a virus, was described by
      Halberstadter and von Prowacek in 1907. Since then, studies on Chlamydiae have
      shown that they are procaryocytic organisms that infect eucaryocytic cells as
      obligate intracellular parasites. Infections caused by these pathogenic agents
      occur in a wide range of avian and mammalian species. Chlamydiae are also
      responsible for several diseases in man, and there is a rapidly growing awareness
      of their public health significance. The aims of this review are to describe the
      microbiology and laboratory diagnosis of Chlamydiae and to reflect the clinical
      spectrum of human chlamydial diseases.

PMID- 388103
TI  - Prostaglandins in the regulation of circulation and blood pressure.
AB  - Endogenous prostaglandins (PGs) participate in the regulation of local
      circulation, and presumably also in the control of systemic blood pressure.
      Vasodilatory PGs synthesized in resistance vessels seem to maintain the basal
      blood flow in some tissues. Vasoconstriction stimulates the PG synthesis in
      vessel walls, and the vasodilatory PGs antagonize this constriction in several
      vascular beds. Circulating vasodilatory PGs or their metabolites may function as
      antihypertensive hormones. Reports on the effect of intrarenal PG production on
      renal function are contradictory. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and
      kallikrein-kinin systems have complex interrelations with PGs. PGs may also
      participate in the mechanism of action of some cardiovascular drugs.

PMID- 388104
TI  - Psychological contributions to chronicity in asthma: patient response styles
      influencing medical treatment and its outcome.
AB  - Research is reviewed relating to two aspects of response styles among asthmatic
      patients, neither of which is a mere derivative of the patient's medical
      condition. One aspect, indexed by panic-fear symptomatology, appears to be
      associated with the level of attention directed at breathing difficulties,
      ranging from symptom disregard (low panic-fear symptomatology) to symptom
      vigilance (high panic-fear symptomatology). A second aspect, indexed by a derived
      personality dimension, appears to be associated with the quality of the patient's
      reactions to acknowledged breathing difficulties, ranging from extreme
      independence (low panic-fear personality) to helpless and ineffective dependency
      (high panic-fear personality). Simply, these aspects of patient response styles
      refer both to the attention directed toward breathing difficulties and to the
      quality of the patient's reactions in response to acknowledged breathing
      difficulties. Their importance derives from 1) their interaction with the
      severity of asthma to influence medical decisions about the intensity of
      prescribed medications and length of hospitalization during medical treatment and
      2) their effect on long-term medical outcome. Awareness of these two aspects of
      patient response styles should enable differential approaches to be adopted by
      physicians seeking to counteract psychological contributions to chronicity in
      asthma.

PMID- 388106
TI  - [Peri-ano-rectal gas phlegmon].

PMID- 388105
TI  - Changing disease patterns, changing values: problems of geriatric care in the
      U.S.A.: an outsider's view.
AB  - Changing disease patterns coupled with recent shift in societal values bring into
      focus, among other challenges, the problems of geriatric care, with their medical
      and social aspects. Medicare and Medicaid were meant to respond to the needs of
      geriatric care. However there is almost a general consensus that in spite of
      being valuable in many respects, Medicare and Medicaid have failed to generate
      considerable change in the overall care for the elderly. The basic
      characteristics of the American Health care system are not conducive to an
      approach which envisages geriatric care as a comprehensive primary care level,
      within a system of health care, combining medical with social activities in a
      team led by a competent physician. Since such an approach seems to be a most
      appropriate one, an attitude on the part of the medical profession which
      concentrates on the medical aspects only and neglects the entire complex of
      problems, substantial and organizational, associated with geriatric care, may
      lack utility. The problems the U.S. faces in the health field, geriatric care
      included, are common for today's industrialized societies. However, certain
      specific difficulties seems to result from the fact that some components of the
      health care system insist on solving problems generated by changing disease
      patterns and changing societal values, with no change in their own structure and
      their own value system.

PMID- 388108
TI  - Nutritional problems induced by cancer.

PMID- 388107
TI  - [Polychemotherapy of non-Hodgkin's centrofollicular malignant lymphomas. Review
      of 37 cases in advanced stage (author's transl)].

PMID- 388109
TI  - Diet and nutrition as modifying factors in tumor development.

PMID- 388110
TI  - Trace elements in human nutrition.
AB  - Clinical recognition of the role of trace elements in human nutrition is
      increasing. Heretofore, many clinicians felt that the development of deficiency
      states was not likely except in very extreme conditions because the presence of
      trace elements in nature was so ubiquitous. The increased use of total parenteral
      nutrition seems to have made this viewpoint untenable. The recognition of
      additional genetic diseases of trace element metabolism such as Menkes' kinky
      hair syndrome and acrodermatitis enteropathica has also served to focus clinical
      attention on trace elements. As time passes, no doubt, additional diseases of
      trace element metabolism will be recognized.

PMID- 388111
TI  - Dietary carbohydrates: their role in cariogenicity.

PMID- 388112
TI  - Dietary fiber.
AB  - It is obvious that the effects of fiber on colonic functions are complex. The
      typical "Western diet" which is high in fat and protein and low in fiber may
      alter the bacterial flora and milieu interieur of the gastrointestinal tract,
      particularly the colon, to produce a high incidence of colonic cancer. However,
      the exact nature of the interrelationships between these dietary constituents
      remains elusive and will undoubtedly be the subject of intense investigation in
      years to come.

PMID- 388113
TI  - Nutritional management of diabetes.

PMID- 388114
TI  - Nutritional management of chronic renal disease.
AB  - The importance of nutritional evaluation and diet therapy in the overall
      management of the patient with chronic renal disease is unquestioned. Its
      application often is limited by a lack of knowledge regarding the requirement for
      certain nutrients in health as well as the way in which these requirements are
      modified by chronic disease. However, the most important and often the most
      difficult task is engaging the cooperation of the patient in the nutritional
      management of his disease. Acceptance of dietary manipulation depends upon the
      patient's family structure and the importance of food and mealtime within the
      particular cultural and ethnic background. Dietary recommendations implemented by
      the parents of pediatric patients may produce untoward changes in the child's
      behavior, attitudes toward food, or relationships with other family members.
      Dietary recommendations must be carefully planned and their effect reevaluated.
      They should be individualized to the age, intellectural skills, and developmental
      stage of the patient.

PMID- 388116
TI  - Interactions between drugs and nutrients.

PMID- 388117
TI  - [Kidney transplantation in diabetic nephropathy--experiences in Gothenburg].

PMID- 388118
TI  - [Kidney transplantation in diabetic nephropathy--experience in Malmo-Lund].

PMID- 388120
TI  - [Heart transplantation--still an operation of current interest?].

PMID- 388119
TI  - [Terminal diabetic nephropathy--kidney transplantation or dialysis?].

PMID- 388115
TI  - Nutrition in the alcoholic.
AB  - Effective management of nutritional problems in the alcoholic patient requires
      that the clinician understand the complex interaction of alcohol and nutrition.
      Nutritional deficiencies should be prevented and, if present, corrected. However,
      experimental, clinical, and epidemiological evidence indicates that despite
      adequate diets, ethanol has direct toxic effects on the digestion, absorption and
      activation of foodstuff. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that even in well
      nourished populations relatively small amounts of alcohol may have cirrhogenic
      potential. For these reasons, the overall approach to the management of the
      alcoholic must involve the control of alcohol intake as well as the prevention
      and correction of nutritional disturbances.

PMID- 388122
TI  - Looking back. Extracts from the journal of a pupil nurse: St Andrews Hospital,
      November 12, 1908.

PMID- 388121
TI  - [Local immunity -- a protection against experimental pyelonephritis].

PMID- 388123
TI  - A new parameter in brain stem evoked response: component wave areas.

PMID- 388124
TI  - Serratia marcescens in tracheotomy cultures.
AB  - Twenty-three consecutive tracheotomies were cultured after an apparent outbreak
      of Serratia marcescens was noted. Over a period of one year, six cases with
      positive cultures were found. The importance of these positive cultures in
      relation to the patient's clinical course is discussed. The treatment of Serratia
      marcescens septicemia is reviewed.

PMID- 388125
TI  - [Osteoplasty of the body of vertebra in comminuted fractures of the cervical
      vertebra using bone autografts (author's transl)].

PMID- 388126
TI  - [A short review of the development of gnathofacial surgery in Croatia].

PMID- 388127
TI  - [Report of the expert counsel regarding the location and organization of the
      center for bone marrow transplantation].

PMID- 388128
TI  - [Trichinosis (apropos of a case)].

PMID- 388129
TI  - [Isolated hypoaldosteronism in adults. Role of diabetes].

PMID- 388130
TI  - A systematic study of the pharmacological activities of dopamine antagonists.

PMID- 388131
TI  - Evaluation of a semiautomatic filtration technique for receptor binding studies.

PMID- 388132
TI  - An autonomic hypothesis for hypothalamic obesity.

PMID- 388133
TI  - pA2 and receptor differentiation: a statistical analysis of competitive
      antagonism.

PMID- 388134
TI  - A double blind placebo controlled crossover study of prostacyclin in man.

PMID- 388135
TI  - Identification of ergosta-8,24(28)-dien-3 beta,6 alpha-diol in A delta 8 goes to
      delta 7 sterol isomerase-blocked yeast mutant.
AB  - In addition to the monohydroxysterols found in the delta 8 goes to delta 7
      isomerase-blocked Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant erg 2, a noval dihydroxysterol,
      ergosta-8,24(38)-dien-3 beta,6 alpha-diol, was isolated. This sterol accumulated
      to the extent of 2.1% of the total sterol fraction when this mutant was treated
      with 23-azacholesterol, a known inhibitor of the 24-methylene-sterol-24(28)
      reductase.

PMID- 388136
TI  - [Determination of the hemodynamic parameters of patients with an arteriovenous
      fistula by using a mathematical model based on radiocardiographic data].

PMID- 388137
TI  - [Biological effects of the decay of electron-capture radionuclides; the role of
      the physical characteristics of the decay and distribution of the absorbed
      dosage].

PMID- 388138
TI  - [Computer tomography in the diagnosis of diseases].

PMID- 388139
TI  - [Life and activities of Prof. M. I. Nemenov (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 388140
TI  - [Importance of immunological study methods in the radiology clinic].

PMID- 388141
TI  - [Treatment of cancer of the vermilion border of the lower lip by using a hose
      gamma-therapy apparatus].

PMID- 388142
TI  - [Bibiographic index of inventions for the 2nd half of 1978 in the complex problem
      area of roentgenology and radiology].

PMID- 388143
TI  - [Comparison of the sensitivity of 131I-rose Bengal clearance according to the
      results of digital processing of external count data].

PMID- 388144
TI  - [Pathogenesis of the radiation hemorrhagic syndrome].

PMID- 388145
TI  - [Indications for and side effects of lithium therapy. Present status].

PMID- 388146
TI  - [Follicular carcinoma of the thyroid].

PMID- 388147
TI  - [Urolithiasis in gastrointestinal diseases. Occurrence, pathogenesis,
      prevention].

PMID- 388148
TI  - [G. W. Korting on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 388149
TI  - [Mario M. J. Brea 1905-1979].

PMID- 388150
TI  - [History of the Facultad de Medicina de Montevideo].

PMID- 388151
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Kazimierz Spett].

PMID- 388152
TI  - A novel type of coupling between proline and galactoside transport in Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Exit of thiomethylgalactoside (TMG) from preloaded cells induced the accumulation
      of proline. Likewise, proline exit stimulated TMG accumulation. Since a proton
      ionophore (carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone) abolished these effects, a
      protonmotive force was implicated as the "intermediate" in the coupling reaction.
      The evidence suggests that the exit of TMG resulted in proton exit, which
      produced either a membrane potential (inside negative or a pH gradient (outside
      acid) or both. This inwardly directed protonmotive force provided the energy for
      proline entry and accumulation. Thus the energy coupling was not via a common
      transport protein but by proton movements which coupled the two separate H+
      dependent transport processes.

PMID- 388153
TI  - La menespausie--the birth of a syndrome.
AB  - The prevalent assumption that climacteric disturbances appeared when the
      expectation of life of women assured survival past the menopause cannot be
      supported demographically. These disorders are largely conditioned by
      sociocultural factors and, therefore, may be expected to have been initiated when
      these factors became stressful. Historical examination shows that medicine, or
      its marginal practitioners, were always involved in the postponement of ageing
      whenever the status of women depended more on their attractiveness than other
      social determinants, a logical "geriatric" extension of its traditional cosmetic
      activities. No menopausal disturbances are however recorded until the social
      convulsions of the French Revolution, and the regimes which followed, seem to
      have crystalized the various complaints of the climacteric into a disease
      expression, which reified the social stress to which women were subject. This is
      dramatically reflected, both in the medical writings published in France around
      the year 1800, and in the naming, for the first time, of this phase of woman's
      life: La Menespausie, soon shortened to Menopause.

PMID- 388154
TI  - Here's the long and happy story -- Doctor Mudd exonerates grandfather's name.

PMID- 388156
TI  - Interferon and cytotoxic factor (cytotoxin) released in the blood of mice
      infected with Mycobacterium bovis BCG. II. Influence of time after BCG
      inoculation on production of interferon and cytotoxin by capsular polysaccharide
      of Klebsiella pneumoniae or by bacterial lipopolysaccharide and on
      hyperreactivity to their lethal effects.
AB  - The time course of the occurrence of hyperreactivity in interferon and cytotoxin
      responses to the active substance (neutral fraction) of the capsular
      polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae (neutral CPS-K) and bacterial
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and of the hyperreactivity to their lethal effects was
      followed after infection with BCG in SMA and ICR strains of mice. The duration of
      these hyperreactivities of BCG-infected mice depended on the inoculum doses of
      BCG. The time patterns of the hyperreactivity to the lethal effects of neutral
      CPS-K and LPS were similar in both strains of mice, although the maximum toxicity
      of LPS by the intraperitoneal route in BCG-infected mice on a weight basis was
      stronger than that of neutral CPS-K. Irrespective of inducer and mouse strain,
      the time pattern of the hyperreactivity to produce cytotoxin was similar to that
      of the hyperreactivity to produce interferon. The patterns for these phenomena
      when neutral CPS-K was used as an inducer were also similar to those when LPS was
      used. In ICR mice the hyperreactivity in interferon and cytotoxin responses to
      either neutral CPS-K or LPS decayed significantly earlier than the
      hyperreactivity to their lethal effects, whereas in SMA mice the occurrence of
      both types of hyperreactivities seemed to be associated. Therefore, it is
      suggested that the mechanism for the hyperreactivity in interferon and cytotoxin
      responses to neutral CPS-K or LPS in BCG-infected mice is not necessarily the
      same as that for the hyperreactivity to their lethal effects.

PMID- 388155
TI  - Effect of capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on host resistance to
      bacterial infections. III. Further study of its effects on interactions between
      peritoneal leukocytes and virulent Salmonella enteritidis.
AB  - The mechanism for the infection-promoting effect of the capsular polysaccharide
      of Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPS-K) was investigated using the experimental system
      in which mice were infected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with a virulent strain of
      Salmonella enteritidis immediately after i.p. injection of CPS-K. In the
      peritoneal phagocytes of CPS-K-untreated control mice, approximately 70, 3, and
      10% of phagocytized bacteria survived 6, 12, and 24 hr after challenge,
      respectively, when calculated from the ratio of the number of cell-associated
      viable bacteria, which was estimated by direct plate count, to the number of
      phagocytized bacteria, which was estimated by microscopic observation of stained
      smears. In contrast, almost all of the phagocytized bacteria were viable
      throughout the experimental period in mice treated with CPS-K. The electron
      microscopical findings of the phagocytes obtained 12 hr after challenge showed
      that in the cells of mice treated with CPS-K almost all of the phagocytized
      bacteria were morphologically intact, with some of them in the stages of cell
      division, whereas in those of untreated control mice, almost all of the
      phagocytized bacteria underwent digestive changes. When the reaction product of
      acid phosphatase was examined by electron microscopy in the phagocytes obtained
      12 hr after challenge, the enzyme activity in the phagosomes was very low in mice
      treated with CPS-K in comparison with that in untreated control mice. Enzyme
      assays of the lysosomal and extralysosomal fractions of peritoneal cells obtained
      at various times after challenge also showed that release of acid phosphatase
      from the lysosomal fraction to the extralysosomal fraction after bacterial
      challenge was inhibited in peritoneal cells of mice treated with CPS-K.

PMID- 388158
TI  - Integration of temperature-sensitive nonconjugative plasmid carrying kanamycin
      gene into conjugative R plasmids.
AB  - A nonconjugative R plasmid, rMS3, whose molecular weight was 2.4 X 10(7) daltons,
      possessed a kanamycin resistance gene and was thermosensitive in its maintenance
      in Escherichia coli strains. We mobilized rMS3 with a conjugative R plasmid, R100
      or T-tet, and obtained cointegrates carrying all the parental resistance markers.
      Various markers of the cointegrates were frequently deleted by P1 transduction
      and the deletion patterns among the different cointegrates were differed from
      each other. The cointegrates were thermoresistant, but the thermosensitive
      replicon could be segregated from the thermoresistant cointegrate by deletion.
      Some cointegrates between rMS3 and T-tet showed a derepressed state of
      transferability because of the integration of rMS3 and T-tet showed a derepressed
      state of transferability because of the integration of rMS3 into the regulator
      gene of the transfer loci. The genome size of the cointegrate so far tested was
      the sum of the sizes of the parental plasmids, indicating that the whole genome
      of rMS3 could integrate into various sites of the conjugative plasmids R100 and T
      tet.

PMID- 388157
TI  - Effect of capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on host resistance to
      bacterial infections. IV. Lack of inhibitory effect on intracellular digestion of
      chicken erythrocytes by mouse peritoneal macrophages.

PMID- 388159
TI  - [Composition and certain properties of Candida albicans cells with a low level of
      resistance to polyene antibiotics].
AB  - The lipid and protein composition of Candida albicans, strain R3, with a low
      resistance to polyene antibiotics does not differ much from that of the parent,
      susceptible culture. Nevertheless, the rate of potassium release from the cells
      and the incorporation rate of 14C-amino acids in the cells of C. albicans, strain
      R3, under the action of amphotericin B are lower as compared to the susceptible
      culture; therefore, the resistance of C. albicans, strain R3, must be due to a
      decrease in the degress of its disordered selective permeability. Sterols
      isolated from the cells in both strains were found to be capable of binding to
      polyenes at a high rate in solution. However, sterols from the strain R3 with a
      low resistance to polyenes, when incorporated into a synthetic lipid membrane,
      increase its permeability slower than sterols from the susceptible strain, which
      suggests that sterols from the low-resistant strain R3 are possibility involved
      in the phenotypic manifestation of resistance.

PMID- 388160
TI  - [Morphogenetic features of Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans].
AB  - The morphogenesis of Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans BKM B-1269 was studied by
      electron microscopy at the vegetative stage of growth on a medium with pyrite as
      the source of energy. Young growing cultures of this organism were found to be
      very polymorphous: along with rod-like cells of various dimensions (0.6--0.8x1.0-
      3.0 mcm) which were predominant, coccoid, pyriform, clavate and dumbbell-like
      cells were also encountered. Certain cells have a tendency for branching. The
      cells can divide by sudden breaking of the parent cell along a partition being
      formed. These breaks are often incomplete, thus giving rise to cellular
      aggregates in the shape of palisades, bent chains, rings and Y-formations. The
      above characteristics of S. thermosulfidooxidans morphogenesis suggest that the
      genus Sulfobacillus is related to Corynebacterium-like organisms and
      actinomycetes. However, this genus differs in its morphology from bacilli though
      both (as well as actinomycetes) are capable of spore formation.

PMID- 388161
TI  - [Structure and physico-chemical properties of bacterial flagella].
AB  - The structural organization of bacterial flagella was studied with Bacillus
      brevis and Escherichia coli MS 1350. The presence of a spherical body at the
      basis of a flagellum was confirmed. The structural organization of ingredients of
      the flagellar appratus, its inner and outer part, was investigated. The molecular
      weight of protein subunits in the filamentous portion of the flagellum was
      assayed as well as their amino acid composition. The mode of attachment of the
      flagellum to the cell is discussed.

PMID- 388162
TI  - [New remote hybrids between Saccharomyces and Schizosaccharomyces].
AB  - Crossing the cells of Saccharomyces (diploid) and Schizosaccharomyces (haploid)
      cells as well as using genetic markers (adenine dependent mutants) and selective
      media produced remote hybrids. The hybrid cultures possessed the intermediate
      type of inheritance in a number of properties. Along with budding typical of
      Saccharomyces, partitions characteristic of Schizosaccharomyces were encountered.
      The shape and size of cells and some physiological properties were found to vary
      in the course of vegetative growth (no spores were formed by the hybrid
      cultures). Conditions are discussed which favour remote hybridization of yeast
      cultures.

PMID- 388163
TI  - [Production of thermostable bread baker's yeast by the induced mutagenesis
      technic].

PMID- 388164
TI  - [Dynamics of the number of soil bacteria calculated by different methods].
AB  - Temporal changes in the incidence of soil bacteria were estimated using different
      methods such as luminescent microscopy, direct count according to Vinogradsky,
      growth on MPA. The method of Vinogradsky gave less stable results as compared to
      luminescent microscopy. The method of calculating microorganisms was found to
      influence the results obtained while studying the temporal dynamics of bacterial
      incidence in sod-podzolic soil.

PMID- 388166
TI  - Duchenne and the accuracy esthetic.

PMID- 388165
TI  - [Use of cytofluorometry to determine the amount of DNA in yeast cells].
AB  - The purpose of this work was to test the possibility of using a luminescent
      variant of the Feulgen reaction with the reagent auramine-SO2 for staining yeast
      cell nuclei in order to determine the content of DNA in them. Reproducibility and
      stability of results obtained by this method suggest that it can be used to
      control the ploidy of the nuclei from yeast cells belonging to one and the same
      species.

PMID- 388167
TI  - Chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria.

PMID- 388168
TI  - Cimetidine and gastric ulcer healing: a double-blind controlled trial.
AB  - The effect of cimetidine in the daily dose of 1200 mg on the healing rate of
      chronic gastric ulcer was assessed in a randomized double-blind trial in 48
      patients. Cimetidine was found to accelerate the healing of chronic gastric
      ulcers in the ambulant patients, but it conferred no additional benefit on the
      patients in hospital. No significant side effects were observed.

PMID- 388169
TI  - [Clinical significance of lymphocyte populations].

PMID- 388170
TI  - [Drug-induced megaloblastic anemia].

PMID- 388171
TI  - [Effect of antidepressants on the cardiovascular system].

PMID- 388172
TI  - [Functional disorders of endocrine glands in chronic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 388173
TI  - [Balkan nephropathy].

PMID- 388174
TI  - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia in association with a second lymphoproliferative
      disorder: response to chemotherapy in two cases.
AB  - The development of either histiocytic lymphoma or Hodgkin disease in association
      with pre-existing chronic lymphocytic leukemia has been described in the
      literature as a terminal event. We describe two patients in whom the diagnosis of
      a second malignant lymphoma was made during life and who achieved objective
      clinical response after a change in therapy to a more aggressive combination of
      drugs. We conclude that patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who have had a
      sudden change in their clinical course should have thorough reevaluation, looking
      specifically for the development of a second lymphoproliferative disorder. If
      this is discovered, more aggressive therapy should be initiated.

PMID- 388175
TI  - Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in a neonate.
AB  - A newborn with a pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the eyelid was treated by
      chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy and experienced a good response. The
      nine previous cases in the literature are reviewed and this patient's therapy
      discussed.

PMID- 388176
TI  - Free flap reconstruction of the lower extremity.

PMID- 388177
TI  - Septicemia and pleural effusion from eikenella corrodens, a normal inhabitant.

PMID- 388178
TI  - The "square knot" that slips.

PMID- 388179
TI  - Roster. Mississippi Dental Association.

PMID- 388180
TI  - HEW rule discourages bucking Medicare claims.

PMID- 388181
TI  - 'Chaotic' Medicaid reporting system doesn't justify fraud, court rules.

PMID- 388182
TI  - Secondary intraocular tumors in the dog. Part II.

PMID- 388183
TI  - Treatment of refractory shipping fever.

PMID- 388185
TI  - Evolution in the structure and function of carboxyl proteases.
AB  - A model for the structure and function of extracellular carboxyl (acid) proteases
      can be established from three amino acid sequences and four crystal structures of
      these enzymes. The carboxyl proteases from gastric and fungal origins are very
      homologous in both primary and tertiary structures. The molecules consist of
      about 320 residues organized with a secondary structure which is primarily
      comprised of beta-strands and very similar tertiary structures. An apparent
      binding cleft, which can accommodate a substrate with about eight amino acid
      residues, contains near its midpoint the active center residues Asp-215, Asp-32,
      and Ser-35. These three residues are hydrogen bonded to each other. An
      intracellular carboxyl protease, cathepsin D, is very homologous to the
      extracellular enzymes in N-terminal amino acid sequence and primary structure
      location of active center residues. The tertiary structure of cathepsin D is
      probably similar, as well. However, cathepsin D contains a unique hydrophobic
      "tail" made up of about 100 residues added on the C-terminal side. Cathepsin D
      precursor is over 100,000 daltons in molecular weights, as contrasted to the
      gastric carboxyl protease zymogens, which are about 40,000 daltons. Carboxyl
      proteases contain two lobes symmetrical in peptide chain conformations. Each of
      the lobes also consists of two homologous structural units. These structural
      characteristics suggest that the original gene was coded for only about eighty
      amino acid residues and that gene duplication and fusion has taken place twice to
      produce a single chain carboxyl protease with four basic structural units in two
      symmetrical lobes. The formation of the zymogens and the cathepsin D "tail" must
      have resulted from various gene fusions. Partial sequence comparisons also
      suggest that cathepsin D may be an evolutionary ancestral chain for gastric
      carboxyl proteases.

PMID- 388184
TI  - Arginyl residues and anion binding sites in proteins.
AB  - The functions of a number of amino acid residues in proteins have been studied by
      chemical modification techniques and much useful information has been obtained.
      Methods using dicarbonyl compounds for the modification of arginine residues are
      the most recent to have been developed. Since their introduction about 10 years
      ago, they have led to the identification of a large number of enzymes and other
      proteins that contain arginine residues critical to biological function. These
      reagents are discussed in terms of their chemical reactivity and mechanisms of
      action and in relation to the unique chemical properties of the guanidinium
      group. Butanedione, phenylglyoxal and cyclohexanedione are the most commonly
      employed arginyl reagents, and their relative advantages are examined. A survey
      of the functional role of arginine residues in enzymes and other proteins is
      presented in which nearly 100 examples are cited. The prediction that arginine
      residues would be found to serve a general role as anionic binding sites in
      protein has obviously been validated. The genetic and physiological implications
      of the selection of arginine for this important function are discussed.

PMID- 388187
TI  - Improved method for the specific immunoprecipitation of albumin.
AB  - The immunoprecipitates of many antigens are frequently contaminated by
      coprecipitation of unrelated substances. A method to overcome this type of
      contamination in the immunoprecipitation of albumin is described. The insoluble
      albumin-antibody complexes are solubilized by a brief treatment at high
      temperature in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and after dilution the
      mixture is submitted to a second immunoprecipitation.

PMID- 388188
TI  - [Influence of the structure of photoreactive ATP analogs on the affinity
      modification of phenylalanyl-tRNA synsthetase. Modification of the enzyme at two
      types of nucleotide sites].
AB  - ATP gamma-(p-azidoanilidate) (1) and ATP gamma-(p-azidobenzyl)-methylanilidate
      (2) were shown to be competitive inhibitors for ATP and amino acid in tRNA
      aminoacylation catalyzed by E. coli MRE-600 phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase
      (E.C.6.1.1.20). Low concentration (10(-5)--10(-6) M) of either ATP, gamma
      anilidate or GMP stimulates the aminoacylation of tRNA suggesting their
      interaction with some nucleotide binding sites of the enzyme other than catalytic
      ones. Covalent photobinding of (1) to the enzyme does not inhibit aminoacylation,
      nor does it prevent nucleotides from activating the enzyme. UV-irradiation of the
      synthetase in the presence of (2) results in complete inactivation of the enzyme
      which can be prevented by phenylalanine or phenylalanine-ATP to save 50% of the
      enzyme activity but not ATP and tRNA. The photobinding of (2) to the enzyme in
      the presence of phenylalanine and ATP removes the activation of the enzyme by
      nucleotides suggesting that both the catalytic and effector sites of the
      synthetase are blocked in the same manner by compound (2).

PMID- 388186
TI  - Drug resistance plasmids.

PMID- 388189
TI  - [Complementarily addressed alkylation of Escherichia coli ribosomal RNA in
      complexes with particular conformation].
AB  - Among the number of complementary complexes of 23S RNA with alkylating
      derivatives of complementary oligonucleotides ((Ap)3-5 ARCl, (Cp)5CRCl and
      (Np)5NRCl) some complexes of peculiar conformation are observed. The rate
      constant of alkylaation within the peculiar complexes is four fold greater than
      that within the rest complexes. The latter are alkylated via an active
      intermediate that is formed in the first rate determining step by two step
      alkylation. Both individual 23S RNAs and one in the rRNA mixture are alkylated in
      the peculiar complexes. But 16S RNA is alkylated only by the two step alkylation.
      There is a single binding site in the rRNA  that is alkylated with the alkylating
      derivatives of the definite nucleotide sequence at the definite base. The
      reagments with different sequences can alkylate different bases. The alkylating
      derivatives of hexa-nucleotide isoplits that are complementary to rRNA alkylate
      up to 45 +/- 10 complexes simultaneously. The conformation of these complexes
      enables alkylation with the higher rate constant mentioned above.

PMID- 388190
TI  - [Effect of rifampicin on the synthesis of bacterial RNA polymerase mRNA by means
      of hybrid plasmids].
AB  - We studied the rate of synthesis of beta- and beta'-subunits of DNA-dependent RNA
      polymerase and the rate of beta-polypeptide mRNA synthesis in rifampicin-treated
      bacteria. The antibiotic doses used did not significantly inhibit the total RNA
      and protein synthesis in rifampicin-sensitive bacteria. For RNA-DNA hybridization
      experiments a pOD162 plasmid was constructed carrying a fragment of the rpoB gene
      and no other chromosome DNA regions. It is found that low doses of rifampicin
      cause an absolute and differential increase in the rate of synthesis of the
      specific mRNA for the beta-subunit, suggesting a stimulation of the corresponding
      gene transcription. However the absolute transcription stimulation does not fully
      correlate with the relative acceleration of beta-mRNA and the corresponding
      polypeptide synthesis. The stimulating effect of rifampicin on the beta
      polypeptide synthesis was demonstrated also in a coupled system of transcription
      and translation directed by lambda rifd 47 DNA. The possible mechanisms of the
      rifampicin action are discussed.

PMID- 388191
TI  - [Transcription initiation: influence of ionic strength and actinomycin D on the
      kinetics of the open promoter complex formation between Escherichia coli RNA
      polymerase and T7 DNA].
AB  - A membrane filter assay has been devised to study the influence of ionic strength
      (0--150 mM NaCl) and actinomycin D on the kinetics of the open promoter complex
      formation between E. coli RNA-polymerase and [3H]DNA of T7 phage. The dependence
      of the complex formation rate upon the ionic strength is non-monotoneus with a
      maximum at 75--100 mM. The addition of one actinomycin molecule per 200 base
      pairs decreases the open promoter complex formation rate at ionic strength less
      than 100 mM. A promoter site selection model including liner diffusional
      selection is proposed which is in a good agreement with the experimental results
      obtained.

PMID- 388192
TI  - [Internal structure of ribosomes using different types of emission].
AB  - A review is made of the experimental results obtained by the author and co
      workers on the study of the structural organization of the RNA and the protein in
      ribosomes by the method of joint use of light, X-ray and neutron scattering and
      by the method of contrast variation in neutron scattering. Two rules are
      formulated for the folding of the ribonucleoprotein strand in ribosomes: (1) in
      each ribosomal subparticle the RNA is concentrated predominantly closer to the
      center of the particle whereas the protein has a more peripherical localization;
      (2) the compact ("crystallic") packing of hydrated RNA helices is an essential
      feature of the nucleus (nuclei) organization of the particles. An analysis of the
      experimental data on neutron scattering by ribosomal proteins has been done and
      the globulin conformation in solution of some of these proteins has been
      established. The widespread concept according to which the majority of ribosomal
      proteins on the ribosome and in solution are enlongated expanded structures is
      disputed. It is suggested that all, or almost all, ribosomal proteins are usual
      globular proteins recognizing the specific sequence of RNA on the periphery of
      the particles, and , hence, that the formation of functional centrers on the
      ribosome is, in principle, analogous to the formation of functional centers of
      other complex proteins with a quaternary structure.

PMID- 388193
TI  - [Chemical modification of the complex of tRNA Phe with phenylalanyl-tRNA
      synthetase from Escherichia coli].
AB  - Alkylation of E. coli tRNAPhe, bound to the cognate synthetase was investigated.
      The alkylating reagent is a derivative of 2-chloroethylamine: 2',3'-O-[4(N-2
      chloroethyl-N-methylamino)-benzylidene]-uridine-5'-methylphosphate. It was found
      that the enzyme protects from the reaction D-stem (guanosine G24) and the region
      of juxtaposition of acceptor stem and D-stem (S4U8 and C13) in the tRNAPhe.

PMID- 388194
TI  - Ontogeny and development of IgE-bearing B lymphocytes.

PMID- 388195
TI  - Release of platelet-activating factor by peritoneal and alveolar macrophages.

PMID- 388196
TI  - Mechanism of ECF generation, secretion and inactivation.

PMID- 388197
TI  - Basophils and mast cells. Immunobiology of cutaneous basophil reactions.

PMID- 388198
TI  - Structure and function of intracellular proteoglycans.
AB  - Proteoglycans are generally thought of in terms of extracellular function, but
      there is evolving evidence that they are also an important constituent of
      secretory granules. Although the mast cell appears to be uniquely endowed with
      granule proteoglycan heparin, the peripheral blood elements such as basophils,
      neutrophils, and platelets contain predominantly chondroitin sulfates which have
      not been fully characterized and are presumed to be of granular origin. Coupled
      activation-secretion of the rat mast cell and the human platelet, respectively,
      has demonstrated the release of a proteoglycan-protein complex. It is suggested
      that the intracellular proteoglycans serve as the granule matrix to allow the
      storage of structurally diverse chemical mediators, their transport during the
      cell secretory response, and, finally, their discharge from the granule to the
      microenvironment. The granule constituents of the rat mast cell differ after
      discharge in their bioavailability thereby suggesting that the proteoglycan may
      have a regulatory function in the extracellular environment.

PMID- 388199
TI  - Two types of mast cell reaction depending on different stimuli. An electron
      microscopic study.

PMID- 388200
TI  - Serum IgE levels following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in man.

PMID- 388201
TI  - [Orthognathic correction of uni- and bilateral crossbite with a functional
      appliance].

PMID- 388202
TI  - Coagulation and the kidney.

PMID- 388203
TI  - Hereditary tubular disorders.

PMID- 388204
TI  - Acute renal failure.

PMID- 388206
TI  - Hereditary renal disease.

PMID- 388205
TI  - Hypertension and vascular diseases of the kidney.

PMID- 388207
TI  - Pathology of the renal allograft rejection.

PMID- 388208
TI  - Pathologic lesions producing the nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 388209
TI  - The mutagenicity of nitrosopyrrolidine is related to its metabolism.
AB  - Various cell fractions from rat liver were tested for their ability to convert
      nitrosopyrrolidine (NO-PYR) to products which were mutagenic to E. coli in liquid
      incubation assays. Microsomes alone produced only a small number of tyr+
      revertants, approximately 40/10(8) survivors), while the S100 supernatant
      produced none at all. However, the S8 Fraction or combinations of microsomes and
      the S100 supernatant, yielded 300-400 tyr+ revertants/10(8) survivors. Neither
      products of the microsomal, nor microsome + supernatant reactions were mutagenic
      in the absence or presence of cellular fractions. These results suggest that
      bacterial mutagens are formed during the microsomal metabolism of NO-PYR to 2
      hydroxytetrahydrofuran by alpha-hydroxylation, but not during the metabolism of 2
      hydroxytetrahydrofuran by the S100 supernatant enzymes. Possible roles of the
      supernatant enzymes in the formation of mutagenic intermediates during the
      initial alpha-hydroxylation of NO-PYR are discussed.

PMID- 388210
TI  - Azide-induced mutagenesis in gram-negative bacteria is recA-and lexA-independent.
AB  - Azide-induced mutagenesis was investigated in Salmonella typhimurium and
      Escherichia coli. Azide was highly effective in inducing mutation in uvrB, uvrB
      recA and uvrB recB mutants of S. typhimurium. The mutagenic effect of azide was
      also observed in uvrA lexA mutants of E. coli K12 and E. coli B/r. These results
      suggest that azide-induced mutagenesis is due to mis-replication of DNA.

PMID- 388211
TI  - MMS mutagenesis in strains of Escherichia coli carrying the R46 mutagenic
      enhancing plasmid: phenotypic analysis of Arg+ revertants.
AB  - Arg+ revertants of E. coli AB1157 and derivative strains were selected after MMS
      mutagenesis and subjected to a phenotypic analysis which permitted the
      partitioning of revertants into 4 classes. The distribution of these revertant
      classes was influenced by mutations affecting DNA-repair systems, mutagen
      treatment and revertant-selection methods. Introduction of the R46 plasmid into
      strains also affected this mutational specificity, and it was concluded that the
      plasmid's mutagenic enhancing effect does not merely augment the cellular error
      prone capacity to repair MMS damage to DNA.

PMID- 388212
TI  - Genetic effects of formaldehyde in yeast. III. Nuclear and cytoplasmic mutagenic
      effects.
AB  - Low concentrations of formaldehyde induce nuclear mutations when yeast cells are
      allowed to grow in the presence of this compound. The induction of reversions is
      a linear function of the concentration and depends upon the repair capacities of
      the treated cells. A strain defective in excision-repair (rad3-12) is more
      mutable by formaldehyde than the isogenic wild-type whereas a strain blocked in
      the mutagenic pathway (rad6-1) is not mutable after the same treatment. Allele
      specificities were found. In particular the lys1-1 mutation is not reversible by
      formaldehyde. Higher concentrations of formaldehyde induce efficiently the
      cytoplasmic "petite" mutation in non-growing conditions when a lethal effect is
      noticeable. The growth phase as well as the physiological state influence this
      mutagenic effect. The mutagenic effect of formaldehyde in yeast is discussed in
      relation with the repair processes involved.

PMID- 388213
TI  - MMS induction of different types of genetic damage in Aspergillus nidulans: a
      comparative analysis in mutagenesis.
AB  - Methyl methanesulphonate (MMS) was used to test the induction of gene mutation,
      somatic crossing-over and mitotic non-disjunction in A. nidulans. Gene mutation
      was tested by inducing mutants resistant to 8-azaguanine and revertants of methG1
      in a haploid strain. Somatic crossing-over was tested in heterozygous diploids,
      both with a selective method, i.e. inducing homozygosis to FPA resistance in a
      heterozygous fpa A1/+ strain, and with a non-selective method, i.e. identifying
      the frequencies of colour sectors. This latter method was also used to estimate
      the induction of non-disjunction because additional markers were present which
      permitted us to distinguish the two types of colour segregant. Generally, 3
      different experimental procedures were used, namely the "plate test", i.e.
      plating of conidia in agar media containing MMS, and two types of "liquid test",
      i.e. brief treatment of quiescent or pre-germinated conidia in MMS solution
      before they were plated on agar media. Point mutations were induced with about
      equal efficiency with each method, whereas crossing-over was induced
      preferentially when germinating conidia were exposed to MMS. On the other hand,
      non-disjunction was induced in germinating and quiescent spores with equal
      efficiency, but such segregants were not recovered with the selective (fpa)
      method. The results are discussed for both their practical use in the mutagenic
      testing procedure and their theoretical implication.

PMID- 388214
TI  - Non-mutagenicity of the hair dye, henna, in the Ames test.

PMID- 388215
TI  - The reliability of the Ames assay for the prediction of chemical carcinogenicity.

PMID- 388216
TI  - Child abuse in the International Year of the Child.

PMID- 388217
TI  - Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - During the past two decades, new approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of
      Hodgkin's disease have contributed to improved rates of survival and probable
      cure. Currently, patients with Hodgkin's disease are treated according to the
      stage and symptoms of their disease. The degree of certainty necessary for
      determining stage depends on the potential effectiveness of the therapeutic
      options available in a given case. Certain cases have been identified where
      treatment with a single modality has been disappointing, and the use of both
      radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be considered for these. Such decisions can be
      made only by evaluating the effectiveness of salvage after relapse following
      single-modality treatment and assessing the added hazards of initial treatment
      with both modalities.

PMID- 388218
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after radiotherapy for Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 388219
TI  - Captopril treatment of idiopathic edema.

PMID- 388220
TI  - A controlled study of short-term prednisone treatment in adults with membranous
      nephropathy. Collaborative Study of the Adult Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome.
AB  - Seventy-two adults with the nephrotic syndrome without renal insufficiency had a
      membranous type of renal histology on biopsy. These patients were randomly
      allocated to at least eight weeks of alternate-day treatment with prednisone or
      placebo in a multicenter study. Deterioration of glomerular filtration rate was
      significantly more rapid in placebo-treated than in prednisone-treated patients,
      and ultimately 10 of 38 given placebo but only one of 34 given prednisone were in
      renal failure (creatinine more than 5 mg per deciliter [440 mumol per liter]) or
      dead (P less than 0.02). In male patients and in those with nonselective initial
      proteinuria, there was a trend (not reaching statistical significance) toward
      more rapid deterioration of renal function. Age, admission blood pressure, serum
      creatinine, daily total protein excretion, and severity of histologic changes did
      not predict the subsequent course. We conclude that a short course of alternate
      day prednisone therapy was beneficial in our group of patients with idiopathic
      membranous nephropathy.

PMID- 388221
TI  - Paying the physician's fee: Blue Shield and the reasonable charge.
AB  - At a time of debate over physicians' fees and income, we describe the evolution
      of Blue Shield plans and programs to pay physicians' fees. We review how
      Medicare's "reasonable-charge" formulas fostered Blue Shield "usual, customary,
      and reasonable" (UCR) contracts. In a three-year period in the Washington, DC,
      area, Blue Shield UCR protocols permitted "customary" allowances for selected
      surgical procedures to rise 29 to 75 per cent; charges by two physicians
      increased allowances for coronary-artery bypass from $2000 to $3500. We find
      little justification for secrecy in fee-payment protocols. Physicians dominate
      the District of Columbia Blue Shield Board and its committees, and they control
      fee-payment formulas. Nationally, 61 per cent of Blue Shield boards have
      majorities of health-care providers; approximately two thirds of fee-related
      committees have physician majorities. We urge increased public debate, public
      representation, and accountability in monitoring and reforming the programs that
      we describe.

PMID- 388222
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 50-1979.

PMID- 388223
TI  - Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

PMID- 388225
TI  - [Chromium--its community hygienic importance].
AB  - The present contribution is a literature survey of the presentday knowledge of
      the chromium contamination of the biosphere. It gives an insight into the
      absorption mechanism, accumulation and toxicity of chromium in man, and deals
      with its tolerance. Preliminary investigations into the chromium distribution and
      burden in the territory of the GDR are presented.

PMID- 388226
TI  - Emergency phone numbers.

PMID- 388224
TI  - Early diagnosis of relapse in acute myeloblastic leukemia: Serologic detection of
      leukemia-associated antigens in human marrow.
AB  - We tested serial bone-marrow samples from 47 adults with acute myeloblastic
      leukemia in remission for reactivity with heteroantiserums to leukemia-associated
      antigens, to determine whether imminent relapse could be detected in patients
      with acute leukemia. Of 26 patients who relapsed by standard morphologic
      criteria, 21 had increased immunoreactivity of bone marrow for one to six months
      (mean, 3.7 months) before relapse. High concordance was observed between a
      positive test and relapse during the period of study (chi-square = 27.53, P less
      than 0.001). The median time to relapse after a positive test was four months, as
      compared with the median remission duration of 19 months for the whole group (P
      less than 0.02, Peto's log-rank analysis). Serologic detection of leukemia
      associated antigens in marrow may be a reliable indicator of imminent relapse in
      acute myeloblastic leukemia.

PMID- 388227
TI  - Three-dimensional structure of hyper-modified nucleoside Q located in the
      wobbling position of tRNA.
AB  - The hyper-modified nucleoside Q (queuosine) is exclusively located in the
      wobbling position of anticodons of tRNATyr tRNAHis, tRNAAsn and tRNAAsp that
      recognise codons NAUC (ref. 1). Queuosine and its hexose-containing derivatives
      are widely distributed in microorganisms, animals and plants. We confirm here the
      chemical structure of queuosine as 7-(3, 4-trans-4, 5-cis-dihydroxy-1-cyclopenten
      3-ylaminomethyl)-7-deazaguanosine (Fig. 1). The unique structural features of Q
      are the unusual cyclopentenediol side chain and the 7-deazaguanine ring.
      Queuosine is one of the most complicated modified nucleosides found thus far.

PMID- 388228
TI  - Structure and function of eukaryotic genes.

PMID- 388229
TI  - Isolation and characterisation of a yeast chromosomal replicator.
AB  - A yeast DNA sequence that behaves as a chromosomal replicator, ars1 (autonomously
      replicating sequence), has been isolated. On transformation, ars1 allows
      autonomous replication of all co-linear DNA. The replicator can integrate into
      other replication units and can function in multimeric form. The 850-base pair
      ars1 element has no detectable homology to other yeast sequences. Such replicator
      containing plasmids can be used for the isolation of DNA sequences in yeast cells
      as well as for the study of chromosomal DNA replication.

PMID- 388230
TI  - Identification and processing of proglucagon in pancreatic islets.
AB  - Immunoprecipitation and tryptic peptide analysis of newly synthesized proteins
      from rat islets have identified an 18,000 molecular weight (MW) protein as
      proglucagon. Conversion of this precursor was kinetically similar to the
      conversion of proinsulin and resulted in the formation of both pancreatic
      glucagon and a 10,000-MW protein lacking this hormonal sequence.

PMID- 388231
TI  - The heavy chain of human histocompatibility antigen HLA-B7 contains an
      immunoglobulin-like region.
AB  - The 88-residue fragment (ac-2) containing the second disulphide loop from HLA-B7
      heavy chain is shown to have statistically significant homology with Ig constant
      domains, including both matches at invariant positions and conservative
      substitutions of structurally important residues. Thus, both the light chain
      (beta 2m) and a segment of the heavy chain of HLA antigens may be structurally
      and evolutionarily related to immunoglobulins.

PMID- 388232
TI  - Corneal allografts fail to express Ia antigens.

PMID- 388233
TI  - Met- and Leu-enkephalin immunoreactivity in separate neurones.
AB  - A pair of pentapeptides, Met- and Leu-enkephalin were recently isolated from
      brain tissue. The two peptides seem to represent endogenous opiate receptor
      ligands and have by immunocytochemical and radioimmunoassay studies been shown to
      occur in an extensive system of cerebral and peripheral nerves. The relative
      proportions between Met- and Leu-enkephalin varies between different brain
      regions and also between different species, suggesting the existence of separate
      populations of Met- and Leu-enkephalin nerves. Until now, however,
      immunocytochemistry has given no support for this notion. We report here evidence
      of separate populations of Met- and Leu-enkephalin nerves.

PMID- 388234
TI  - A transposon, Tn732, encoding gentamicin/tobramycin resistance.
AB  - Gentamicin and tobramycin are important antibiotics in the treatment of hospital
      infections because of their activity against a wide range of bacterial genera.
      With their increasing use, bacteria resistant to these drugs have appeared, the
      resistance being frequently plasmid determined. The resistance genes determine
      various enzymes that modify and inactivate the drugs and there is association
      between particular gentamicin/tobramycin resistance genes and plasmids of
      particular groups, implying that acquisition of such a gene by any plasmid is a
      rare event. We now report the identification of a transposon or 'jumping gene'
      encoding the gentamicin/tobramycin adenylylating enzyme, ANT(2"), on a plasmid of
      incompatiblity group FII (IncFII).

PMID- 388235
TI  - Transposable mating type genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A functional copy of the alpha mating type gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has
      been cloned by transformation in yeast. Using the Southern Blotting procedure it
      has been shown that three distinct genetic loci implicated in mating type
      interconversion (HML, HMR and MAT) contain sequences homologous to the clone
      fragment. The restriction fragment associated with each locus exhibits a
      characteristic size which can be correlated with the mating type allele present
      at that locus. The characteristic size difference between the a and alpha genetic
      elements made it possible to demonstrate that the homothallic interconversion of
      mating types in this yeast occurs by DNA rearrangement as proposed in the
      'cassette hypothesis'.

PMID- 388236
TI  - Microtubule organisation in fibroblasts from dystrophic chickens and persons with
      Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

PMID- 388237
TI  - Distribution of light chains in fast skeletal myosin.

PMID- 388238
TI  - [Liver and ovulation inhibitors. Effects on liver function of estrogen
      progestagen containing steroid oral contraceptives].
AB  - Since introduction of oral contraceptive steroids a variety of physiologic
      adaptive and toxic side effects have been reported. -a review is given. The study
      reports also four cases of hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari-Syndrome-
      Venoocclusive disease) and three cases of benign hepatic tumors (liver cell
      adenoma and focal nodular hyperplasia) in young women following 2- to 5-year
      treatment with oral contraceptive steroids.

PMID- 388240
TI  - Sedimentary record of fecal pollution in part of Lake Constance by coprostanol
      determination.

PMID- 388239
TI  - Why are enzymes macromolecules?
AB  - The possible reasons for the macromolecular nature of enzymes are discussed. They
      are recognized in the necessity of creating a highly specific stereochemistry and
      microenvironment in the active site, in the necessity of maintaining the protein
      conformational rigidity, its fit with the physiological environment and overall
      stability, in allostery, and in the possible existence of fossil sequences,
      molecular tinkering, and specific hydrodynamic properties.

PMID- 388241
TI  - Anti-plasmid and antiviral effects of chlorpromazine.

PMID- 388243
TI  - A history of pharmacology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

PMID- 388242
TI  - Central and peripheral effects of bradykinin and prostaglandin E2 on blood
      pressure in conscious rats.
AB  - Bradykinin or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), when injected intravenously, decreased
      blood pressure of conscious rats in a dose-dependent manner, while
      intracerebroventricular injections of bradykinin or PGE2 caused a dose-dependent
      increase in blood pressure. SQ 14,225, an inhibitor of angiotensin converting
      enzyme, potentiated the central pressor or peripheral depressor effect of
      bradykinin. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, almost
      completely inhibited the central pressor effect of bradykinin when injected
      intraventricularly. Indomenthacin, when injected intravenously, failed to inhibit
      the peripheral depressor effect of bradykinin, whereas it significantly
      attenuated the peripheral depressor effect of bradykinin when the angiotensin
      converting enzyme was inhibited with SQ 14,225. These results suggest that the
      central pressor effect of bradykinin is mainly mediated by the synthesis of
      prostaglandins in the central nervous system, while only a small fraction of
      peripheral depressor effect of bradykinin is, at least in conscious rats,
      mediated by the synthesis of prostaglandins in the systemic circulation.

PMID- 388244
TI  - Fifty years in medicine.

PMID- 388245
TI  - The treatment of acromegaly.

PMID- 388246
TI  - Migration of an entire one-piece shunt into the ventricle.
AB  - Migration of an entire one-piece shunt into the lateral ventricle of a six-month
      old boy is reported. This is a rare complication in this kind of shunt, and has
      not previously been reported.

PMID- 388248
TI  - Roster of the Council of State Neurosurgical Societies and State Neurosurgical
      Society officers.

PMID- 388247
TI  - Sexual maturation of the male rat. Influence of androgens on the pituitary
      response to single or multiple injections of LH-RH.
AB  - In an attempt to mimic the events surrounding the natural onset of puberty in the
      male rat, animals were castrated and implanted with Silastic capsules filled with
      testosterone (T). Capsule size was adjusted to maintain serum-luteinizing hormone
      (LH) at sham-castrated values. To these animals implanted with T capsules,
      androstenedione (delta 4), 5 alpha-androstane-17 beta-ol-3-one (DHT), 5 alpha
      androstane-3 alpha-17 beta-diol (3 alpha-OL) or T were administered by
      subcutaneous injections (40 micrograms/100 g body weight). 12 h later, the
      animals received an intravenous injection of 50 ng LH-RH. Pre- and post-LH-RH
      injection blood samples were assayed for serum content of LH and follicle
      stimulating hormone (FSH) by radioimmunoassay. Compared to sham animals,
      prepubertal males showed a potentiation in the LH response with testosterone
      alone. This effect was not prevented by delta 4; DHT or 3 alpha-OL injection
      returned the LH response to that of sham-operated animals. No such effects of
      androgens were present in pubertal or postpubertal rats. There was no effect on
      the FSH response in any age group. Different groups of animals received 3 doses
      of 10 ng LH-RH or saline prior to a single 50 ng LH-RH injection. Pubertal and
      postpubertal males showed a self-priming effect of LH-RH on the LH response. This
      effect was not present in prepubertal rats nor in any group of animals that had
      been castrated, regardless of whether or not T replacement was performed. The
      results indicate that complex alterations in pituitary function take place during
      the sexual maturation of the male rat. These changes may be inherent in the
      pituitary and/or related to variation in testicular androgen secretion.

PMID- 388249
TI  - Perspectives in international neurosurgery: neurosurgery in Hong Kong.

PMID- 388250
TI  - Sodium valproate: serial monitoring of EEG and serum levels.
AB  - The clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) effects of sodium valproate were
      studied in four patients by means of serial 24-hour EEG recordings and
      simultaneous hourly determinations of serum drug concentrations. The patients all
      had frequent clinical seizures and generalized spike-wave discharges. Valproate
      appeared to reduce diurnal paroxysmal discharges (PD) and clinical seizures, but
      the effect on nocturnal PD was less marked. The extent and duration of the
      depression of PD and seizures varied. Altering the distribution of the total
      daily dose may change the pattern of clinical seizures and PD. Valproate
      concentrations fluctuated widely over 24 hours, and the significance of single
      estimations often cited in the literature appears dubious. Peak serum
      concentrations above 100 micrograms per milliliter may be necessary in some
      patients to achieve clinical and EEG improvement.

PMID- 388251
TI  - Presidential address.

PMID- 388253
TI  - Faecal excretion of non-disintegrated retard-coated dragees of sodium valproate
      (ergenyl retard)

PMID- 388252
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid and serum immunoglobulins and C3 in Creutzfeldt-Jakob
      disease.
AB  - We determined the concentrations of IgA, IgG, and C3 in spinal fluid and IgA,
      IgG, IgM, and C3 in serum from seven patients with histologically revified
      Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The mean total protein content in spinal fluid was
      significantly higher than in controls. The increased mean concentrations of IgA,
      IgG, and C3 in spinal fluid, and their respective mean percentages in spinal
      fluid, suggest a passage of IgG and C3 from blood into spinal fluid, and a
      possible production of IgA within the central nervous system.

PMID- 388254
TI  - [Clinical trials of a new local anesthetic (carticaine) in orthopedic and
      traumatologic surgery].

PMID- 388255
TI  - [Tattoos].

PMID- 388256
TI  - Where to go to get your BSN degree.

PMID- 388257
TI  - Emission tomography.

PMID- 388258
TI  - Abraham Hartog Israels, M.D., 1822-1883: Netherlands' first professor in the
      history of medicine.

PMID- 388259
TI  - Benjamin Rush: patriarch reconsidered.

PMID- 388260
TI  - Museum stuff.

PMID- 388261
TI  - Nocardial infections of animals in New Zealand, 1976-78.

PMID- 388263
TI  - In memory of Percy T. Phillips: 1889-1979.

PMID- 388262
TI  - Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona vaccines with different adjuvants in
      cattle.

PMID- 388264
TI  - Simplified, esthetic ceramo-metal restorations.

PMID- 388265
TI  - Hydrocolloid: a reassessment for better dentistry.

PMID- 388266
TI  - Dentistry and dressage: the profile of a dentist (Dr. Morris Berger).

PMID- 388267
TI  - American College confers Gies Award on Alfred Lanza.

PMID- 388268
TI  - Diagnostic evaluation of syphilis during pregnancy.
AB  - Obstetric patients with serologic evidence of syphilis should have cerebrospinal
      fluid (CSF) analysis to determine the presence of tertiary disease. In the
      present study, 19% of untreated and asymptomatic patients with serologic evidence
      of syphilis were found to have tertiary syphilis following examination of CSF.
      Despite maternal therapy, 11% of the infants born to mothers with syphilis had
      reactive serum and CSF involvement as documented by the presence of a fluorescent
      treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS)-specific IgM.

PMID- 388269
TI  - [Usefulness of the sociograph in the teaching-learning process].

PMID- 388270
TI  - [Presence of genus Candida in the oral cavity and percentage relation of
      different species].

PMID- 388271
TI  - A history of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

PMID- 388272
TI  - [Secondary dystrophies of the cornea and results of keratoplasty].

PMID- 388273
TI  - Cosmetics and removable partial dentures.

PMID- 388274
TI  - Ocular injuries in dentistry.

PMID- 388275
TI  - The presence of Candida albicans in hereditary benign intraepithelial
      dyskeratosis. An ultrastructural observation.
AB  - Specimens taken from the buccal mucosa of two patients with hereditary benign
      intraepithelial dyskeratosis (HBID) were studied by transmission electron
      microscopy. The ultrastructure of epithelial tissue in HBID was previously
      reported. Discovery of Candida albicans in this lesion was an accidental finding.
      The literature on the subject was reviewed and the ultrastructural features of
      Candida albicans were described.

PMID- 388276
TI  - Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide nerves in human upper respiratory tract.
AB  - Immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), a recently recognized
      neuropeptide with a possible transmitter function has been demonstrated in nerves
      of the human upper respiratory tract. VIP nerves predominate in the inferior
      turbinate of the nose and in the tracheal wall. They are distributed in the
      subepithelial connective tissue, around blood vessels and seromucous glands.
      Scattered VIP nerves are observed also in the tracheal smooth muscle. VIP
      immunoreactive nerve cell bodies are found only in the tracheal wall, suggesting
      a local origin of the VIP nerves in this organ. Available information indicates
      that the VIP-containing nerves constitute a separate component of the autonomic
      nervous system in addition to the adrenergic and cholinergic ones.

PMID- 388277
TI  - [Bone alloplasty in radical restorative surgery of spinal tuberculosis].

PMID- 388278
TI  - [Viktor Konstantinovich Kalnberz].

PMID- 388279
TI  - [Directed regulation of the biochemical processes of bone formation after a
      fracture].

PMID- 388280
TI  - An application of the whole blood microculture technique to the detection of
      lymphocyte transformation.

PMID- 388281
TI  - A case of renal carbuncle.

PMID- 388282
TI  - [Sources of errors in biliary cultures: possibilities of correction].

PMID- 388283
TI  - [Sander Gorka, 1st biology professor in Hungary].

PMID- 388284
TI  - [1st woman physician in Hungary received diploma 100 years ago (Vilma Hugonnai)].

PMID- 388285
TI  - [A. Lorenz, father of the treatment of hip dislocation, was born 125 years ago].

PMID- 388286
TI  - [The 2 Davidas].

PMID- 388287
TI  - Distinguished Lay Public Service Award in otolaryngology.

PMID- 388288
TI  - Vesiculobullous lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract.
AB  - Vesiculobullous lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract are among the most
      frequently occurring disease processes of the oral soft tissues. Pemphigus
      vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid, erythema multiforme, and erosive lichen
      planus are compared and contrasted with each other and with vesiculobullous
      eruptions of viral origin. Clinical photographs and photomicrographs of these
      disease processes are presented. Treatment modalities are briefly discussed.

PMID- 388289
TI  - An immunoperoxidase method for the demonstration of allergen-specific IgE in
      serum.
AB  - A solid-phase immunoenzymatic technique for the detection of allergen-specific
      IgE antibodies in serum is described. The binding of such antibodies to allergen
      insolubilized on cyanogen bromide-activated paper discs was detected by a
      subsequent two-step procedure involving the use of rabbit antihuman IgE and goat
      antirabbit IgG coupled with peroxidase. A solution of 3-3' diaminobenzidine and
      hydrogen peroxide, employed as the color indicator system, turned the discs dark
      brown in positive cases. Discs carrying 11 different inhalant allergens were
      tested with sera containing allergen-specific IgE antibodies. Agreement between
      the results of this technique and the RAST was seen in 85% of 310 tests
      performed. In the clinical practice of otorhinolaryngologic allergy, this test
      may prove to be an important laboratory adjunct ot clinical history and
      diagnostic skin test in the identification of the incriminated inhalant
      allergens.

PMID- 388290
TI  - Tracheoinnominate artery fistula as a complication of radiation therapy.
AB  - Tracheoinnominate artery fistulization is a well-known complication of
      tracheostomy and of tracheal resection. The first known occurrence of this
      problem in a patient in whom no transtracheal procedure had ever been performed
      is reported, and high-dose radiation therapy delivered three years before for a
      mediastinal malignancy is suggested as the cause. No evidence of tumor was found
      in or adjacent to the tracheovascular communication. The tracheoinnominate artery
      fistula must be considered a potential complication of radiation therapy as well
      as of surgery.

PMID- 388291
TI  - Situational modification of regional flaps.
AB  - A few modifications in unusual situations of regional flaps in the head and neck
      are demonstrated. It is the author's hope to stimulate the surgeon to use some
      imagination, incorporating a variety of time-proven principles and some unique
      situational modifications. Emphasis is placed on the continued need for the tubed
      pedicle flap, de-epithelialization of flaps and imbrication about the margins of
      the defect, and the use of the horizontally split deltopectoral flap for the
      simultaneous closure of internal defects and coverage of external defects for
      through-and-through wounds.

PMID- 388292
TI  - National health policy for the elderly.

PMID- 388293
TI  - Vaccinations against bacterial infections.
AB  - 1. As with any therapeutic measure, prophylactic vaccination is to be jugded by
      the correlation between benefit and harm or expenditure. By benefit is meant a
      not to short-lived substantial decrease in the morbidity and/or mortality. Harm
      refers to the number and severity of side effects in the individual child
      vaccinated and expenditure means the economic burden placed upon society. 2. The
      evaluation of many vaccinations at present varies between two extremes: On the
      one hand vaccination procedures are considered to provide an opportunity to
      eradicate most of the infectious diseases, on the other hand there is a tendency
      to assess side effects more drastically the more likely the danger of the
      particular disease seems eliminated once and for all. 3. An attempt is made to
      discuss the achieved or achievable standard of vaccination measures against
      bacterial infections in the light of 3 classes of vaccines. The first class
      involves well established and commonly used vaccines such as BCG and DPT vaccines
      although differences in opinion exist on their future employment. 4. The second
      class involves newer vaccines or vaccines that are under development as for
      instance vaccines against meningococci, pneumococci, H. influenzae and
      enteropathogenic E. coli. 5. The third class includes vaccines whose realisation
      at present appears to be yet difficult or hardly feasible, for instance vaccines
      against enterotoxins of enteropathogenic organisms, against lues, gonorrhea or
      for example against organisms of the infectious hospitalism.

PMID- 388294
TI  - [The development of child pathology within the framework of pathology and
      pediatrics. A medico-historical review].
AB  - 1. The history of child pathology is derived from the description of the
      development of the an pathological anatomy and paediatry. 2. The pathological
      anatomy of infancy is basing on the research results of the general and special
      pathology, the pathological physiology and the clinical medicine by the help of
      the experiment and the knowledges of biology, chemistry, and physics. 3. Further
      decisive impulses are given by social medicine.

PMID- 388296
TI  - Therapy and physiopathology of pain. Selected bibliography.

PMID- 388295
TI  - A double-blind controlled study of seratonin uptake inhibitor (Zimelidine) versus
      placebo in chronic pain patients.
AB  - Forty patients with pain syndromes of both organic and psychogenic origin of at
      least 6 months' duration were included in a double-blind controlled study of a
      new rather selective serotonin uptake inhibitor, Zimelidine, versus placebo.
      Patients in the Zimelidine group experienced significantly more pain relief and
      tended to be able to reduce their need for analgesics more often than the
      patients in the placebo group. In the Zimelidine group 4 patients were excluded
      due to nausea and intestinal troubles versus only 1 patient in the placebo group.
      However, among the patients who completed the trial the side-effects were mild.

PMID- 388297
TI  - [Immunologic defense mechanisms of the bronchial mucosa and the pulmonary
      alveolus. Their induction during inhalation of organic particles].

PMID- 388298
TI  - [Protection of mice with bacterial phospholipids against the lethal effect of
      Frog Virus 3 (FV 3) (author's transl)].
AB  - A bacterial phospholipid extract (EBP) inoculated intraveinously at a dose of 1
      mg/25 g body weight 30 hours before infection protects mice against the lethal
      effect of Frog Virus 3 (FV 3). The anti-FV 3 resistance produced by EBP requires
      protein synthesis during the period of pretreatment. The treatment with the
      bacterial extract has no effect on the inhibition of the macromolecular synthesis
      of the liver (RNA and DNA) which is observed at the beginning of the infection.
      However 48 hours after FV 3 infection, there is a notable stimulation of DNA
      synthesis which probably corresponds to liver regeneration.

PMID- 388299
TI  - [Cell mediated immune reactions in allergic extrinsic alveolitis. Studies of
      broncho-alveolar lavages (author's transl)].

PMID- 388300
TI  - [Serological diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus infections using anti-A beta
      teichoic acid antibodies assay (author's transl)].
AB  - 225 control subjects, 12 hospitalized Staphylococcus free (34 sera) and 16 S.
      aureus infected patients (79 sera) were tested for anti-A beta teichoic acid
      antibodies, using counter-immunoelectrophoresis. Anti-alpha and gamma haemolysins
      antibodies were dosed in parallel in 164 sera. Less than 5 per cent of control
      sera (3,11 per cent) have an antibody tire higher than 1/8: this tire is
      therefore selected as threshold level of positivity. Ten of the 12 hospitalized
      patients without staphylococcal infections are below this level. 31,6 per cent of
      staphylococcus infected patients have higher serum titers; only 3,7 per cent have
      no antibodies. In the others, a significant rise in titres is observed. There is
      no correlation between anti-alpha and gamma staphylolysin and anti-teichoic acid
      antibodies titres. The method suggested, both easy and rapid, could be used in
      association with anti-staphylolysin dosage for serological diagnosis of
      staphylococcal infections.

PMID- 388301
TI  - [Action of methicillin on the synthesis of surface protein A and type antigen 18
      in Staphylococcus aureus].
AB  - Staphylococcus aureus methicillin resistants strains cultivated on subinhibiting
      methicillin concentrations are not modified as concern protein A and type antigen
      18. Low protein A production of these resistant strains known to be heterogenous
      as concern their resistance to methicillin does not correspond to absence of
      protein A on the highly resistant fraction of the population.

PMID- 388302
TI  - Measurement of bismuth in bone by pulse polarography with anodic stripping
      voltammetry. Application to two cases of arthropathy.
AB  - Pulse polarography with anodic stripping has shown the presence of very high
      levels (2 005 microgram/kg and 6 760 microgram/kg) of bismuth in bone of two
      patients treated with bismuth, one parenterally and the other orally. The
      presence of high levels of bismuth in bone of these patients must be considered
      in the etiology of their athropathies. Pulse polarography with anodic stripping
      now permits very precise measurement of bismuth impregnating bones.

PMID- 388303
TI  - [Biochemical and experimental aspects of the lipid-lowering drugs pharmacology
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The analysis of the mode of action of lipid-lowering drugs requires a better
      understanding of the lipoprotein and cholesterol metabolism processes. The
      strides observed during the last years in this field are conditioning the
      development of pharmacologic and therapeutic researches. Moreover the use of new
      experimental models contributes to this progress by multiplying the study ways.

PMID- 388304
TI  - [Modified method for assay of cephalosporins and cephamycins (author's transl)].
AB  - An improved microbiological method for assay of cephalosporins and cephamycins in
      body fluids is presented. Addition of NaCl and NaCt resulted in increasing the
      precision and reliability of the assay.

PMID- 388305
TI  - European group of bone marrow transplant. Symposium on total body irradiation for
      bone marrow transplantation.

PMID- 388306
TI  - Irradiation and bone marrow grafts.

PMID- 388307
TI  - Effects of radiations on bone marrow.

PMID- 388308
TI  - The role of total body irradiation in preparation for bone marrow transplantation
      in acute leukaemia. A review.
AB  - From extrapolation obtained from animal studies and radiation accidents, it is
      assumed that for man the LD 50 (30) will be between 300-500 rads total body
      irradiation (TBI) and the LD 100 at least 600 rads TBI. A dose of 1000 rads TBI
      is generally used in man for conditionning for bone marrow transplantation. In
      acute leukemia, total body irradiation is usually associated with cytoreductive
      chemotherapy. In Seattle 110 patients underwent bone marrow transplantation for
      acute leukemia in relapse. 15 patients became long term survivors. The main cause
      of failure were GVH, interstitial pneumonitis and leukemic relapse. New attempts
      are being made to improve the results : (1) better cytoreductive therapy
      preceding transplanation, (2) bone marrow transplantation during remission of the
      disease, (3) prevention of interstitial pneumonitis by modifications of the TBI
      technique.

PMID- 388310
TI  - The Basel experience with total body irradiation for conditioning patients with
      acute leukemia for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
AB  - We are reporting our experience with 13 patients suffering from end stage acute
      leukemia that were prepared for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation by
      combined chemotherapy followed by high dose cyclophosphamide (Cy) and total body
      irradiation (TBI). Only one patient became a long term survivor. Of the evaluable
      12 patients, 6 died of interstitial pneumonia, 4 of GvH and 1 of recurrent
      leukemia. We conclude that adding combined chemotherapy to the standard
      conditioning program with Cy and TBI probably increases the risk of developing
      fatal interstitial pneumonia without eliminating the risk of recurrent leukemia.
      We suggest that allogenic marrow grafts should be performed earlier in the course
      of refractory acute leukemias, because in patients with end stage disease its
      chances of being curative are small.

PMID- 388309
TI  - Total body irradiation in bone marrow transplantation. Hopital Saint-Louis
      results.
AB  - Total body irradiation was used in 22 patients as part of their conditionning
      regimen for bone marrow transplantation. Nine patients with acute leukemia
      received 1 000 cGy TBI in addition with chemotherapy. None of them survived and
      the main cause of death was interstitial pneumonitis (50%). 4 patients received 1
      000 cGy with a lung shielding of 500 cGy. Two patients with acute leukemia died
      of leukemia and sepsis, two patients had aplastic anemia, one is surviving, the
      other died of severe GVHD and infectious complications. Nine patients with severe
      aplastic anemia strongly immunized by previous blood transfusions received 800
      cGy TBI with a lung shielding of 400 cGy. No rejection was observed and 7
      patients (63%) are currently alive. One patient died of interstitial pneumonitis
      probably related to CMV infection, one of subacute necrotizing hepatitis, two of
      severe acute GVHD. It is concluded from this study that TBI remains the best
      immunosuppressive conditioning regimen even in strongly immunized patients. It
      may be a contributing factor of the incidence and severity of interstitial
      pneumonitis. A reduction of the dose ot the lung to 400-500 cGy seems to decrease
      the severity of this complication.

PMID- 388311
TI  - Total body irradiation and marrow transplantation for acute leukaemia. The Royal
      Marsden Hospital experience.
AB  - The experience with total body irradiation at the Royal Marsden Hospital is
      described for an elective program of transplantation in patients with acute
      myeloid leukaemia (AML) in first remission. Dose rate appears to be a critical
      factor in the reduction of radiation-associated damage and careful monitoring of
      the actual dose distribution and dose received is mandatory.

PMID- 388312
TI  - Subtotal body irradiation with linear accelerator as preparation for marrow
      engraftment in aplastic anemia.
AB  - Two cases of multitransfused severe aplastic anemia were retransplanted with bone
      marrow from the same HLA compatible sibling donors after subtotal body
      irradiation (800 r). Only minor non hematologic toxicity was observed. No
      permanent take was seen in relation to this procedure. During the survival time
      of the patients (78-120 days) no signs of interstitial pneumonia were observed.

PMID- 388313
TI  - Total body irradiation in conditioning patients for bone marrow transplantation.
      Irradiation technique and preliminary results at the West German Tumour Centre,
      Universitatsklinikum Essen.
AB  - Preliminary results of bone marrow transplantation of 8 patients are presented
      with particular reference to the irradiation technique. 5 patients died 0.5 to 8
      months after transplantation. 3 patients are alive and in good condition 2 to 15
      month after transplantation.

PMID- 388314
TI  - Time factors in total body irradiation.
AB  - The role of time dose factors in the irradiation effect of the bone marrow has
      been investigated in mice by assessing the lethal dose 50% as a function of
      fraction number and dose rate. It is compared to the time dose effect in
      intestinal mucosa and lung, considered as critical tissues, for discussing the
      differential effect between these tissues.

PMID- 388315
TI  - Dose rate and dose fractionation studies in total body irradiation of dogs.

PMID- 388316
TI  - Total body irradiation techniques and dosimetry.
AB  - Irradiation techniques and dosimetric methods used for total body irradiation
      (TBI) performed at Institut Gustave Roussy (Villejuif) are presented. TBI are
      performed in a 5,6 MV X-ray beam produced by a linear accelerator Neptune. The
      patient, lying laterally on a couch at 4.20 m from the target, is irradiated by a
      horizontal beam with a mean nominal dose rate at the abdomen mid-plane of about 9
      cGy per minute. The procedure used for TBI consists of three parts in order to
      deliver 8 Gy in the whole body except for lungs which are protected with a lead
      screen during a part of irradiation and receive a dose of 4 Gy. We have preferred
      using "in vivo" measurements methods rather than calculations to determine the
      doses at different points of the patients. Two kinds of detectors are placed on
      the patient's skin all along the total body irradiation : two sets of five
      Therados semi conductors probes permit to control the irradiation and lithium
      fluoride thermoluminescent dosimeters are used like reference detectors. The
      dosimetric results obtained during the TBI performed at IGR are discussed.

PMID- 388317
TI  - [Relationship between intestinal motility and absorption. Electromyographic study
      in the dog. (author's transl)].
AB  - The effects of different food components on intestinal motility were studied by
      means of an electromyographic technique. The electrical activity of the small
      intestine in the fasted state consists of a cyclic recurring phenomenon - the
      myoelectric complex - which is inhibited by feeding. The duration of inhibition
      of the myoelectric complex was shown to depend on the nature of the food
      components (glucose, peptides or lipids) as well as on the caloric load. In the
      opposite, the intensity of the intestinal motility was seen to depend only on the
      nature of the food components, and not on the caloric load. Thus, the duration of
      inhibition of themyoelectric complex can be considered as a consistent and
      objective parameter, which reflects the duration of the fed state.

PMID- 388318
TI  - [Breast cancer: a dynamic approach of cellular immunity and immunostimulation
      with an immunoadjuvant: P40 fraction. (author's transl)].
AB  - The study of the immune status of breast cancer patients with delayed
      hypersensitivity skin tests reveals a clear immune deficiency in comparison with
      a reference patients group. This immunstatus was significantly improved by an
      immunstimulation with the P40 fraction. The responsive capacity to an
      immunstimulation appears independant of the lymphnodes involvment, whereas, on
      the contrary, the initial degree of immune deficiency appears connected. The P40
      fraction has an immunstimulant effect comparable with the BCG and has not
      occasioned any local or general undesirable reaction.

PMID- 388319
TI  - [Evaluation of the biliary excretion of penicillin G. (author's transl)].
AB  - Biliary excretion of penicillin G was studied experimentally by perfusion of
      isolated rabbit liver. Under these conditions, bile recovery accounted for 5% of
      the amount of penicillin G added to the perfusing blood (10 mg); peak biliary
      level averaged 135.3 micrograms/ml. In man after intravenous administration of a
      599 mg dose of penicillin G (1 MU) to patients provided with T-tube drainage (n =
      10), the maximum biliary concentration averaged 18.0 +/- 8.0 micrograms/ml at 2
      hours; biliary recovery of penicillin G accounts for 0.12% of the administered
      dose. The excretion of penicillin G in the juice collected through duodenal
      tubing in normal subjects averaged 0.07% of the administered dose (599 mg IV).
      Per-operative assays showed that the concentration determined at 1 hour after
      intravenous administration of the drug (599 mg) in the gallbladder bile (45.7 +/-
      16.7 micrograms/ml) and common duct bile (93.5 +/- 16.3 micrograms/ml) were
      definitely higher (4.5--9 times) than the serum levels measured simultaneously.
      The biliary excretion of penicillin G is compared with the biliary elimination of
      a certain number of beta-lactam derivatives studied under the same conditions
      (ampicillin, metampicillin, carbenicillin, cefalothin, cefaloridine, cefacetrile,
      cefalexin, cefazolin).

PMID- 388320
TI  - [Metabolism and kinetics of ampicillin elimination in cirrhosis. Therapeutical
      consequences. (author's transl)].
AB  - In cirrhotic patients, the authors studied the modification of the
      pharmacokinetics of ampicillin in the plasma and in the ascitic fluid, as well as
      its concentration in the urine. The influence of the jaundice, the ascites and
      diuretics were studied. In cirrhosis, dilution and elimination of the antibiotic
      are modified, as is shown by the increase in T 1/2 alpha and T 1/2 beta. These
      anomalies seem to be due essentially to modifications in the distribution volume;
      the degree of hepatocellular insufficiency does not appear to be of importance.
      The ascites acts as an independent compartment, into which the antibiotic's
      passage in slight. The practical consequences are the following: less frequent
      injections, increasing of the fractionated doses, in situ injections of
      ampicillin in cases of infection of the ascitic liquid.

PMID- 388321
TI  - [Fecal and urinary elimination of bismuth after parenteral administration.
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors compare urinary and fecal elimination of intra-muscularly
      administered bismuth in rats during short term and long term experiments. The
      fecal elimination seems to be equally important as the urinary one. They also
      study distribution of bismuth among different organs. The excretion by digestive
      tractus is mainly located in ileum ans caecum. The biliary excretion of bismuth
      has an apparent maximum transport. The authors check some of their results in
      man.

PMID- 388323
TI  - A method of assaying cortisol without extraction and in 1 microliter of plasma.
AB  - A simplified method is described for the assay of cortisol in human plasma. It is
      based upon tryptic hydrolysis of cortisol binding proteins in the plasma followed
      by radioimmunoassay. Only 1 microliter of plasma is used, no extraction of the
      hormone is necessary and most of the procedure is amenable to automatization. The
      sensitivity of the method is 10 pg, the coefficient of variation is 8.7%
      intrassay and 11.5% in different assays. The accuracy and the specificity were
      also verified. Comparison of this simplified technique with a standard method
      (extraction by methylene chloride and radiocompetition with corticosteroid
      binding globulin) gave a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.964.

PMID- 388322
TI  - [Acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors consider the clinical and biological data of Acquired Idiopathic
      Sideroblastic Anemia (AISA). The physiopathology of the syndrome is discussed;
      the relationships between pathologic sideroblastosis, dyserythropoiesis and
      ferrokinetic modifications are pointed out. The associated abnormalities of
      granulocytic and megacaryocytic series linked AISA to other myelodysplasia.

PMID- 388324
TI  - [Effects of two drugs substituted o-anisamides: sulpiride and sultopride on the
      sleep awakening cycle (author's transl)].
AB  - The study of the sleep awakening cycle was carried out on implanted cats free of
      their movements, which received separately each drug in long lasting intake, in
      order to differentiate their behavioural and electrophysiological activities. The
      qualitative and quantitative changes induced by these o-anisamides are reported.
      Like in man, sulpride was found to be quite an original substance. It may be
      distinguished from the other psychotropic drugs studied because it has no effect
      on the sleep awakening cycle. The effects of sultopride are comparable with those
      of some neuroleptics, although its both incisive and sedative activity is very
      special. The neurophysiological results are discussed in the light of other
      studies and clinical data.

PMID- 388325
TI  - [Role of skin transplant vessels in its survival].

PMID- 388326
TI  - [Immunochemical approach to studying the body's kallikrein-kinin system].

PMID- 388327
TI  - [Iosif Markovich Neiman].

PMID- 388328
TI  - [Development of pathological anatomy of the cardiovascular system in the Cracow
      Medical Academy until the 1st half of the 19th century].

PMID- 388329
TI  - [State of hemopoiesis during drug therapy and after a marrow graft in
      chorionepithelioma].

PMID- 388331
TI  - Defective activation of the third component of complement in the sera of newborn
      infants.
AB  - The activation of the terminal complement components, C3--9, plays an important
      role in the host's defense against infection. In the present study, the ability
      of bacteria to activate the third component of complement (C3) in newborn serum
      was examined. A variety of bacteria were incubated in test sera at 37 degrees C
      for 30 min and the percent of available C3 that was activated was measured. Using
      one strain of Escherchia coli (no. 3), 32% (mean) of the available C3 was
      activated in sera from 18 newborns, as compared to 85% in sera from their mothers
      and 79% in sera from 13 normal adults (P less than 0.005). In contrast, using
      another strain of E. coli (N70), the percent of C3 activated in newborn sera
      (83%) was the same as in sera from their mothers (81%) or in sera from normal
      adults (73%). The defective activation of C3 in newborn sera by E. coli was not
      related to the presence of the K1 antigen. Newborn sera were also challenged with
      other bacterial species and the activation of C3 was deficient when tested with
      klebsiellae, but not with staphylococci or streptococci. The defect in newborn
      sera appeared to be due to a deficiency of a serum factor rather than to the
      presence of an inhibitor.

PMID- 388330
TI  - [In memoriam Oleksandr Hermanovych Pap].

PMID- 388332
TI  - Cardiopulmonary consequences of positive end-expiratory pressure.

PMID- 388333
TI  - Effects of oxygen and constant positive pressure breathing on aADCO2 in hyaline
      membrane disease.

PMID- 388334
TI  - Protease inhibitors in human milk.
AB  - Protease inhibitors (inhibiting trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase) were
      demonstrated in human milk from birth to 4 months after delivery. No pepsin
      inhibitor was found. The protease inhibitors were localized in the alpha 1-region
      -inhibiting trypsin, chymotrypsin, and elastase--and in a more cathodal region-
      inhibiting chymotrypsin--in agarose gel electrophoresis of human milk. alpha 1
      antitrypsin and antichymotrypsin were demonstrated by crossed
      immunoelectrophoresis. Electroimmunoassay showed the concentration of alpha 1
      antitrypsin in 1st day milk to be 10.9% and the concentration of antichymotrypsin
      was 116% of that of adult serum. The concentrations decreased during the 1st wk;
      from 1 wk to 4 months they were 1.6% for alpha 1-antitrypsin and 3.8% for
      antichymotrypsin of those of adult serum. One ml of human milk from the first 3
      days inhibits, by enzymatic methods, 0-150 microgram (mean value, 70 microgram)
      trypsin. Milk from 1 week after delivery and later inhibits 0-65 microgram (mean
      value, 38 microgram) trypsin per ml.

PMID- 388335
TI  - Neonatal cellular and humoral immunity to group B streptococci.
AB  - The mechanisms of host resistance to group B streptococci have not been defined
      precisely. In the studies reported here we have assessed the contributions of
      both humoral and cellular factors in protection against strains of this group.
      With assays of specific opsonic activity based upon the production of
      polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemiluminescence and radiolabeled bacterial uptake,
      we have demonstrated that specific heat-stable antibody and the classic
      complement pathway are major factors in opsonization of these organisms. In the
      absence of specific antibody, fresh serum resulted in markedly reduced bacterial
      uptake indicating, at best, a minor role for the alternative complement pathway.
      Additional studies have indicated that strain-specific antiphagocytic factors as
      well as type-specific ones may play a role in the virulence of these organisms.
      Neonates who developed group B streptococcal sepsis usually lacked opsonic
      activity in their infecting strain. In addition, polymorphonuclear leukocytes
      from normal term and stressed neonates showed impaired metabolic activation as
      measured in the chemiluminescence assay following exposure to opsonized group B
      streptococci. These results suggest that neonates who develop group B
      streptococcal disease may have defects in both the humoral and cellular aspects
      of their acute inflammatory response which may contribute to the high mortality
      observed in this most fulminant of bacterial infections.

PMID- 388336
TI  - [Theophylline in childhood asthmatic syndromes].

PMID- 388337
TI  - [Alterations in hemostasis during treatment with sodium dipropylacetate
      (Depakine) (R)].

PMID- 388338
TI  - [Immunochemical study of acid alpha-1,4-glucosidase in 7 patients with type II
      glycogenosis].

PMID- 388339
TI  - A finite state model for meditation phenomena.
AB  - Various reports of brain wave synchrony during Transcendental Meditation have
      appeared in the literature and have been interpreted as indicating a heightened
      state of integration of brain function. We suggest that this observed synchrony
      rather than indicating a greater integration of brain function might be an
      artifact of parts of the brain acting like a finite state machine. The finite
      state model is developed, its properties derived and a test for the hypothesis is
      presented.

PMID- 388340
TI  - [Computer aided chest X-ray diagnosis system (author's transl)].

PMID- 388341
TI  - [When should peripheral nerves be grafted? (author's transl)].
AB  - In the presence of peripheral nerve damage, the only acceptable procedure is
      suture without tension, carried out under excellent conditions of fascicular
      approximation. In the case of loss of substance, immediate or secondary suture
      should never be performed. In the experience of "S.O.S. Main" secondary suture
      has led to the most disastrous results. Nerve graft, as an emergency, is
      legitimate in the case or reimplantations, in view of the high degree of
      technical competence of the teams, and the experience acquired. Deffered nerve
      graft is envisaged at about the end of the second month:--either in the absence
      of suture,--or in the absence of recovery. When there is any doubt, further
      examination at the 4 th or 5 th month ensures that treatment is not delayed too
      long. At all events, examinations must be repeated every two months in order to
      study nerve regrowth and to determine the need for possible though difficult
      reoperation if it stops.

PMID- 388342
TI  - [Acute renal insufficiency and rejection of transplanted kidneys].

PMID- 388343
TI  - [Charles Debray. 1907--1979].

PMID- 388345
TI  - Gene expression in vitro of colicin El plasmid.
AB  - Among eighteen polypeptides synthesized in vitro from colicin El plasmid, one of
      the major products with a molecular weight of 59,000 was identified as colicin El
      by its immunological property, molecular size, and biological activity. In
      addition to this polypeptide, seven other polypeptides reacted with colicin El
      antiserum. Using EcoRI-cleaved colicin El DNA, a 56,000 dalton polypeptide of
      truncated colicin El was synthesized, but no polypeptide that reacted with
      colicin El antiserum was produced from SmaI-cleaved colicin El DNA. This fact
      indicates that the direction of transcription of colicin El structural gene is
      from SmaI site to EcoRI site in vitro. The immunity protein of a molecular weight
      of 14,300 and a component of relaxation proteins of a molecular weight of 64,000
      were deduced by comparing the results of the gene expression in vitro of one-half
      (pAO100) and a quarter (pAO2) of colicin El plasmid. The directions of
      transcription-translation in the genes on the plasmid were discussed. The colicin
      El plasmid appears to have at least three transcriptional units.

PMID- 388344
TI  - Review: ethidium fluorescence assay. Part II. Enzymatic studies and DNA-protein
      interactions.
AB  - Almost all DNA and RNA metabolizing enzymes can be assayed rapidly and very
      sensitively by exploiting the enhanced fluorescence of ethidium intercalated into
      duplex DNA or RNA. Denatured DNA and natural RNAs contain duplex regions due to
      intramolecular hydrogen-bonding and can also be sensitively measured. Where the
      product is truly single-stranded (e.g. dTn) it can be assayed by adding the
      appropriate complementary strand (e.g. dAn or rAn). Some of the assays described
      provide information not readily obtained by other assay procedures. Among the
      enzymes readily assayed are DNA and RNA polymerases, terminal deoxynucleotidyl
      transferases, nucleases of all varieties (e.g. single-strand specific,
      endonucleases including for example AP endonucleases, exonucleases, RNase H,
      etc.), ligases, topoisomerases including gyrases, and indirectly enzymes such as
      proteases and superoxide dismutase. DNA binding proteins such as histones and
      helix destablizing proteins can also be quantitatively assayed.

PMID- 388346
TI  - A rhelogical separator for very large DNA molecules.
AB  - We present a rheological separation method for DNA molecules in which their
      deformability is used to advantage. This is the "radial migration method"; here
      we present experimental verification of the principle, theory having been
      reported elsewhere. The main conclusions are: (1) the theory is reasonably good;
      (2) radial migration is highly sensitive to the molecular weight, as predicted,
      and (3) intact T2 DNA (1.25 X 108 daltons) can be made to migrate about three
      centimeters in less than three hours.

PMID- 388347
TI  - Production of specific site probes of tRNA structure by enrichment with carbon 13
      at particular locations.
AB  - Escherichia coli C6 rel met cys was cultured in a stringently defined minimal
      medium containing 13C-enriched metabolites in order to (1) achieve maximal 13C
      isotopic enrichment of tRNA; and (2) produce site specific but natural, non
      perturbing NMR probes of tRNA structure and function. Growth conditions were
      manipulated to achieve optimal culture growth concomitant with maximal in vivo
      incorporation of various 13C-enriched nucleic acid precursors, including L
      [methyl-13C] methionine, [2-(13)C] adenine, and [2-(13)C] uracil. Effective
      blockage of purine biosynthesis de novo was accomplished with the addition of the
      antimetabolite 6-mercaptopurine to the growth medium. Transfer RNAs specifically
      13C-enriched in all methyl groups (57 atom %), C2 of adenine (60 atom %), and C2
      of uracil (82 atom %) and C2 of cytosine (73 atom %) have been produced.

PMID- 388348
TI  - Interaction between RNA polymerase and a ribosomal RNA promoter of E. coli.
AB  - The interaction between RNA polymerase and the E. coli ribosomal (r) RNA
      promoter(s) of the rrnE operon has been studied by the filter-binding method. The
      extent of complex formation between RNA polymerase and rrnE promoter(s) is salt
      dependent; ppGpp specifically inhibits interaction of RNA polymerase with the
      rrnE promoter(s). A tentative model is proposed for the molecular events in the
      early steps of rRNA initiation: a transition of the primarily formed, labile RNA
      polymerase-rRNA promoter complex to a more stable form is the determining step.
      This step is salt-sensitive; ppGpp acts on this "isomerization".

PMID- 388349
TI  - Is UAA or UGA part of the recognition signal for ribosomal initiation?
AB  - In none of the 92 published prokaryotic sequences is a translation codon
      preceeded by UAG as the first "termination codon". In most cases the UAA or UGA
      is close to the initiation codon and may be part of the ribosome recognition
      signal.

PMID- 388350
TI  - Determination of base pairing in Escherichia coli and Bacillus stearothermophilus
      5S RNAs by infrared spectroscopy.
AB  - The extent of base pairing in Escherichia coli and Bacillus stearothermophilus 5S
      RNAs was determined by infrared spectroscopy. From the infrared spectra taken at
      20 degrees and 52 degrees C it is concluded that E. coli and B.
      stearothermophlius 5S RNAs possess a large number of base pairs (Table I).
      Comparison of our results with those previously published using other methods
      leads to the conclusion that the structures of prokaryotic 5S RNAs involve a
      large number of tertiary interactions, in which the base pairing is not
      necessarily solely of the Watson-Crick type.

PMID- 388351
TI  - The influenza virus haemagglutinin gene: cloning and characterisation of a double
      stranded DNA copy.
AB  - A protocol has been developed for the synthesis of a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)
      copy of the influenza virus RNA genome segment which codes for the major surface
      antigen, haemagglutinin (HA). This dsDNA copy was inserted, after digestion with
      S1 nuclease and poly (dC) tailing with terminal transferase, into poly(dG)
      tailed, PstI-cut, pBR322 DNA, and used to transform E. coli RR1. Tetracycline
      resistant bacterial colonies were screened for the presence of plasmid containing
      the copied HA gene by testing their ability to hybridise to a specific, 32P
      labelled, single-stranded DNA probe. Four cloned hybrid plasmids, containing DNA
      complementary to the HA gene of the influenza strain 29C (a laboratory derivative
      of influenza A/NT/60/68 (1)) were analysed by restriction enzyme mapping. Each
      contained a dsDNA insert equivalent to a full length copy of the HA gene. The
      nucleotide sequence of a selected restriction fragment from the DNA inserted in
      one of these cloned plasmids (C89) was determined. The amino acid sequence
      deduced from these data agreed with the amino acid sequence determined for the
      corresponding region of HA from the influenza strain A/Mem/102/72, another member
      of the Hong Kong subtype, identifying the inserted dsDNA of C89 as an authentic
      copy of the influenza HA gene.

PMID- 388352
TI  - A unique method utilizing antinucleotide antibodies for evaluating changes in the
      levels of modified nucleosides of tRNAs from crude extracts of whole cells.
AB  - The utilization of antibodies directed toward modified nucleosides in evaluating
      changes in the levels of certain modified nucleosides in transfer RNA is
      reported. Antibodies directed toward the N6-(delta 2-isopentenyl)adenosine
      modification were used in this model system with a mutant strain of Escherichia
      coli designated ipaA. The procedure is rapid, sensitive, and specific. In
      addition, it does not depend on the existence of an in vitro remodification
      system or any radiochemical labeling of the tRNA. By varying the extraction
      technique, the method could be applied to procaryotic or eukaryotic cell lines.
      The existence of antibodies specific for other nucleoside modifications makes
      this a system that is potentially applicable to a variety of deficiencies in the
      modification of both tRNA and rRNA.

PMID- 388353
TI  - Structure of cloned ribosomal DNA cistrons from Bacillus thuringiensis.
AB  - A library of B. thuringiensis DNA has been prepared by using the plasmid pBR322
      as a cloning vehicle and E. coli as a host cell. By screening this collection
      with specific probes, 17 clones were identified whose hybrid plasmids contain
      rRNA genes of B. thuringiensis. Several of these plasmids have been mapped with
      restriction endonucleases and by DNA-RNA hybridization. By using maps of
      overlapping fragments, we have been able to establish an overall map of the
      ribosomal gene cluster.

PMID- 388354
TI  - Plasmid replication functions. IV. Promoters in the replication region of plasmid
      R6-5.
AB  - Eight RNA polymerase binding sites have been shown to map within the EcoRI
      fragment E-2 (replication region RepA EcoRI fragment) of plasmid R6-5 and all but
      one have been shown to contain active promoters of transcription. Three of the
      identified promoters are located within a 2.7 kb region essential for controlled,
      autonomous plasmid replication and may be involved in the functional expression
      of the three R6-5 replication determinants that have thus far been identified,
      namely the origin of vegetative replication, oriV, the replication control gene,
      cop, and the determinant of an essential, positive-acting element, designated
      RepA.

PMID- 388355
TI  - Fine structure of ribosomal RNA. II. Distribution of methylated sequences within
      Xenopus laevis rRNA.
AB  - The distribution of methyl groups in rRNA from Xenopus laevis was analyzed by
      hybridization of rRNA to subfragments of either of two cloned rDNA fragments,
      X1r11 and X1r12, which together constitute a complete rDNA repeat unit. Using a
      mixture of 3H-methyl plus 32P-labelled rRNA as probe, the molar yield of methyl
      groups per rRNA region in hybrid could be calculated. For this calculation the
      length of the rRNA coding region in each DNA subfragment is needed, which was
      determined for X1r11 subfragments by the nuclease S1 mapping method of Berk and
      Sharp. The results show that both in 18S and 28S rRNA the methyl groups are
      nonrandomly distributed. For 18S rRNA, clustering was found within a 3' terminal
      fragment of 310 nucleotides. For 28S rRNA, clustering of methyl groups was found
      within a region of 750 nucleotides in length, which ends 500 nucleotides from the
      3' end. In contrast, the 28S rRNA 5' terminal region of 900 nucleotides is
      clearly undermethylated. The general position of methyl groups in 28S rRNA
      correlates with the location of evolutionarily conserved sequences in this
      molecule, as recently determined in our laboratory.

PMID- 388357
TI  - Modified polynucleotides. IV. Template activity of 5-alkyluracil-containing poly
      [d(A-r5U)] copolymers for DNA and RNA polymerases.
AB  - The change of templating properties for E. coli DNA and RNA polymerases of
      poly[d(A-r5U)] copolymers on substitution of the uracil for 5-methyl-, 5-ethyl-,
      5-n-propyl-, 5-n-butyl- or 5-n-pentyluracil, resp., was studied. All modified
      polymers proved to be more effective template-primers than poly[d(A-U)] or
      poly[d(A-T)] for the DNA polymerase. Direct dependence of the template-primer
      efficiency (vmax/Km) value on the thermal stability of the polymers was observed.
      For transcription the r = ethyl and n-propyl polymers were also more effective
      templates than poly[d(A-T)].

PMID- 388356
TI  - A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA.
AB  - A procedure for extracting plasmid DNA from bacterial cells is described. The
      method is simple enough to permit the analysis by gel electrophoresis of 100 or
      more clones per day yet yields plasmid DNA which is pure enough to be digestible
      by restriction enzymes. The principle of the method is selective alkaline
      denaturation of high molecular weight chromosomal DNA while covalently closed
      circular DNA remains double-stranded. Adequate pH control is accomplished without
      using a pH meter. Upon neutralization, chromosomal DNA renatures to form an
      insoluble clot, leaving plasmid DNA in the supernatant. Large and small plasmid
      DNAs have been extracted by this method.

PMID- 388358
TI  - RNA-linked nascent DNA pieces in phage T7-infected Escherchia coli. II. Primary
      structure of the RNA portion.
AB  - Short DNA chains were purified from phage T7 infected E. coli cells and 5' ends
      were labeled with 32P. By an alkali-treatment, pNp's rich in pAp and pCp were
      liberated from the T7 short DNA chains. After digestion of the [5'-32P] short DNA
      with the 3' to 5' exonuclease of T4 DNA polymerase, [5'-32P] mono- to
      pentaribonucleotides tipped with a deoxyribonucleotide residue at their 3' ends
      were isolated. 5' terminal ribonucleotides were; exclusively AMP in the penta-
      and the tetraribonucleotides, mostly CMP in the triribonucleotide and mainly CMP
      and AMP in di- and monoribonucleotides. The 5' terminal dinucleotide of the penta
      and the tetraribonucleotides was pApC. The nucleotide sequence of the
      tetraribonucleotide was mainly pApCpCpN and some pApCpApN, where N was mainly A
      and C. These results indicate that oligoribonucleotides shorter than
      trinucleotide may result from in vivo degradation of the tetra- and
      pentaribonucleotides. A possibility that the tetra- and pentaribonucleotides with
      a 5' triphosphate terminus are the intact primers for the discontinuous T7 DNA
      replication is discussed.

PMID- 388359
TI  - RNA-linked nascent DNA pieces in phage T7-infected Escherichia coli. III.
      Detection of intact primer RNA.
AB  - RNA-linked DNA fragments of T7-infected Escherichiacoli were labeled with
      [(32)P]orthophosphate invivo. The RNA segments of the labeled fragments were
      isolated by degrading the DNA portion with the 3'--> 5' exonuclease intrinsic to
      bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase and fractionated according to net charge by a
      DEAE-Sephadex A-25 column chromatography in the presence of 7 M urea. Tri-, tetra
      and pentanucleotides were obtained which have ATP residues at their 5' ends.
      Most of the pentanucleotides had a single deoxynucleotide at the 3' end but a
      minor portion was totally an oligoribonucleotide. In the light of prior results,
      the former is a cooligomer of an intact tetraribonucleotide primer and a
      monodeoxynucleotide and the latter is an intact pentaribonucleotide primer. Tri-
      and tetraribonucleotides with ATP at the 5' ends had no deoxynucleotide at the 3'
      ends, therefore it is not clear if intact triribonucleotide primers are present.
      The 5'-terminal dinucleotides of the tetra- and pentanucleotides were mostly
      pppApC and a trace amount of pppApA was present.Images

PMID- 388360
TI  - [Multi-parameter evaluation of cerebral perfusion curves in cerebrovascular
      diseases results of computer-assisted radionuclide angiography (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The validity of computer-assisted radionuclide angiography was assessed in 189
      patients with cerebrovascular disease including TIA (transient ischemic attack),
      PRIND (prolonged reversible ischemic neurological deficit), completed stroke and
      a-v. angioma. Time-activity curves were derived from regions of interest
      established over the right as well as the left side vascular supply territories
      of both middle and anterior cerebral arteries. Employing Fortran programs,
      parameters (right to left) A (ratio of maximal count rates), B (ratio of mean
      count rates) and C (relative perfusion efficiency) were computed. In patients
      with completed stroke, C revealed 85% and combined evaluation of A and C, 93%
      correct positive findings as compared with clinical and/or angiographic findings.
      In patients with asymptomatic stenoses, TIA and PRIND, C revealed an overall
      sensitivity of 83%, but was correct positive in unilateral extra- and
      intracranial vascular abnormalities in 96%. Out of seven a-v. angioma, five were
      diagnosed correctly by parameter C. These high success rates indicate the
      usefulness of computer-assisted radionuclide angiography (CARNA) supplementary to
      visual evaluation in patients suspected of having stenoses or occlusion of the
      major extra- or intracranial cerebral arteries.

PMID- 388361
TI  - [Typical presentation of sequential scintigraphy images in the diagnosis of
      cyanotic heart disease in the newborn, using a computer-assisted imaging
      technique (author's transl)].
AB  - The technique of sequential scintigraphy in investigating newborn infants in
      order to exclude or detect cyanotic congenital heart disease has been improved.
      The primary scintigraphic data are recorded digitally (list mode, 1 ms, 128 by
      128 pixels) and evaluated automatically as a sequence of 1/2 s frames in 1/8 s
      increments. A 35 mm film is exposed to a scanning pulsed light spot on a CRT
      screen with quantitative correspondence between local count density and the local
      number of light pulses. A series of highly resolved images of the rapidly
      changing scintigraphic pattern is achieved in 30 min. The results of 3
      investigations are discussed. They prove the importance of adequate spatial
      resolution and definition in time in nuclear angiocardiography in infancy. Three
      case results are discussed in detail. In one case cardiac catheterisation and
      angiocardiography had been omitted, since the radioisotopic findings excluded
      cyanotic congenital heart disease. Two further investigations are discussed with
      reference to the findings at cardiac catheterisation.

PMID- 388362
TI  - Profile: Dr. Benjamin Spock. A middle-of-the-road man.

PMID- 388363
TI  - [Thrombosis of renal veins and nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 388364
TI  - [Immunomodulating treatment of autoimmune diseases].

PMID- 388365
TI  - [Clinical use of glucagon].

PMID- 388366
TI  - [Role of bacterial endotoxins in liver pathology].

PMID- 388367
TI  - [Somatostatinoma].

PMID- 388368
TI  - [Morphological and clinical variants of blastic crisis in chronic myeloid
      leukemia].

PMID- 388369
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Juljusz Marian Zabokrzychki 1900-1979].

PMID- 388370
TI  - [Effect of serotonin, histamine and acetylcholine antagonist on serum gastric
      level].

PMID- 388371
TI  - [Dr. Karol Zahorski (1879-1970), physician-social activist in the Dabrowa
      Hutnicza Mining Region (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 388372
TI  - [Effect of prostacycline aerosol on the activity of blood platelets and lungs].

PMID- 388373
TI  - [Short-term administration of lithium carbonate as a method of therapeutic
      management of thyrotoxicosis].

PMID- 388374
TI  - [Activities of Prof. Adam Wrzosek at the Underground University of Western
      Territories].

PMID- 388375
TI  - [Selected problems of chemical carcinogenesis].

PMID- 388376
TI  - [80th anniversary of description of Biernacki's sign].

PMID- 388378
TI  - [Jan Dolliner--a surgeon from Bochnia (contribution to the history of receiving
      M.D. degrees in surgery at the Jagiellonian University].

PMID- 388377
TI  - [Results of treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with telecobalt-60].

PMID- 388379
TI  - [Use of acetic acid for reutilization of coil dialysers and the use of dialysis
      membranes in plane dialysers].

PMID- 388380
TI  - [Current views on the role of free fatty acids in ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 388381
TI  - [Mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus].

PMID- 388382
TI  - [Indications for surgical treatment of thyroid diseases. A conference].

PMID- 388384
TI  - [Advances in heart surgery].

PMID- 388383
TI  - [Eventration].

PMID- 388385
TI  - [Prof. Marian Stefanowski (31 January 1897--6 February 1979)].

PMID- 388386
TI  - [Our method of wound suturing in recurrent eventration].

PMID- 388387
TI  - [Reticulosarcoma of the appendix].

PMID- 388388
TI  - [40 years of professional and scientific activity of Prof. Stanislaw Szyszko].

PMID- 388389
TI  - Histologic demonstrability of surgical adhesive.

PMID- 388390
TI  - [Nobel Prize winner Peter Mitchell. The chemiosmotic theory].

PMID- 388392
TI  - [Multiplication of animal gene, its cloning and expression in a bacterial cell].

PMID- 388391
TI  - [Werner Arber, Daniel Nathans and Hamilton Smith. Nobel prizes for the studies on
      DNA restriction enzymes].

PMID- 388393
TI  - [Chemical synthesis of human insulin gene and its expression in the cells of
      Escherichia coli].

PMID- 388394
TI  - [Heterogeneity and specificity of nonhistone protein (author's transl)].

PMID- 388395
TI  - A double-blind study of tienilic acid with two year follow-up of patients with
      mild to moderate essential hypertension.
AB  - In a double-blind study, thirty patients having mild to moderate essential
      hypertension were randomly assigned to a six week regimen of either tienilic
      acid, hydrochlorothiazide, or placebo. Blood pressure was significantly reduced
      with tienilic acid and hydrochlorothiazide although more so with tienilic acid.
      Serum uric acid declined strikingly with tienilic acid and increased
      significantly with hydrochlorothiazide. Serum potassium declined slightly with
      tienilic acid but more so with hydrochlorothiazide. Serum creatinine and blood
      urea nitrogen increased slightly more with tienilic acid than with
      hydrochlorothiazide. There were no clinical adverse effects to any of the
      medications during this study. Twenty-four months of continuous administration of
      tienilic acid revealed maintenance of blood pressure effect, but with slight
      increases in blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and uric acid and slight
      decreases in serum potassium as compared to six weeks administration. Tienilic
      acid appears to be a useful new antihypertensive agent. The hypouricaemic effect
      is profound and strongly suggests the need for continuing evaluation of this
      compound because of its unique combination of diuretic, antihypertensive and
      hypouricaemic properties.

PMID- 388396
TI  - Propranolol and tienilic acid in essential hypertension.
AB  - Sixteen patients with moderately severe essential hypertension completed a double
      blind crossover trial with four treatment periods each lasting for six weeks.
      They received in random order, placebo; tienilic acid 250 mg/day; propranolol 80
      mg b.d.; and tienilic acid 250 mg/day and propranolol 80 mg b.d. in combination.
      Mean blood pressure in the lying position was 169/98 mmHg on placebo, 157/94 mmHg
      on tienilic acid, 159/90 mmHg on propranolol and 142/86 mmHg on the combination
      of tienilic acid and propranolol. The effects of tienilic acid and propranolol on
      blood pressure were additive and there was no evidence of any interaction. The
      onset of the hypotensive effect of tienilic acid was gradual while the effect of
      propranolol was maximal within 2 weeks of the start of treatment. Tienilic acid
      produced a significant reduction in serum urate from 0.33 mmol/l to 0.18 mmol/l.
      The combination of tienilic acid and propranolol in the doses used in the trial
      was effective and acceptable in the reduction of raised blood pressure.

PMID- 388397
TI  - Long-term usage of tienilic acid in essential hypertension.
AB  - The purpose of this double-blind study was to compare the effects on blood
      pressure of tienilic acid and hydrochlorothiazide in patients with essential
      hypertension. The biochemical effects of tienilic acid in relation to those of
      hydrochlorothiazide were also determined over a long-term period of therapy.
      Sixty-six outpatients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were treated
      for seven months with either 250 mg of tienilic acid or 50 mg of
      hydrochlorothiazide after a 3 week placebo period. When warranted, dosage was
      increased to a maximum of 500 mg of tienilic acid and 100 mg of
      hydrochlorothiazide daily. Results indicate that tienilic acid reduced blood
      pressure significantly and to the same extent as hydrochlorothiazide. No
      significant side effects were observed. The effects on potassium, blood urea
      nitrogen and creatinine were comparable in both groups. However, serum uric acid
      rose with hydrochlorothiazide but fell with tienilic acid. In view of this
      effect, tienilic acid may have certain advantages over thiazide therapy in the
      treatment of hypertension.

PMID- 388398
TI  - Safety of tienilic acid.
AB  - The safety and efficacy of tienilic acid have been evaluated in studies of
      patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension, salt and water retention
      states and hyperuricaemia associated with gout. During the course of these
      studies 675 patients were treated with tienilic acid, 310 were treated with
      hydrochlorothiazide, 43 were treated with probenecid and 34 were treated with
      placebo. Overall, adverse reactions characterized as probably drug-related or
      questinably drug-related were reported in 28% of patients treated with tienilic
      acid, 24% treated with hydrochlorothiazide, 25% of patients treated with
      probenecid and 33% treated with placebo. The side effects encountered were mild
      in severity, reversible and represented extensions of the pharmacological
      activity of tienilic acid, hydrochlorothiazide and probenecid. These initial
      studies demonstrate that tienilic acid is safe and effective in the treatment of
      mild to moderate essential hypertension, salt and water retention states,
      including oedema associated with congestive cardiac failure or mild to moderate
      renal dysfunction, and in the management of elevated serum uric acid levels
      associated with gout.

PMID- 388399
TI  - Tienilic acid, a uricosuric diuretic, in the treatment of heart failure.

PMID- 388400
TI  - The hypouricaemic effect of tienilic acid: experience in patients with
      hyperuricaemia.
AB  - The anti-hypertensive effect of 250 mg tienilic acid was comparable to that of 50
      mg hydrochlorothiazide. Unlike hydrochlorothiazide, tienilic acid caused a
      statistically significant decrease in the serum uric acid values. Clinically non
      significant rises in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine occurred with both
      diuretics. The hypouricaemic effect of tienilic acid given in a daily dose of 125
      mg was significantly greater than that of 500 mg probenecid. Glucose tolerance in
      patients with mild maturity onset diabetes mellitus deteriorated with both
      tienilic acid and hydrochlorothiazide treatments with no statistically
      significant difference noted between the two treatments. Tienilic acid was well
      tolerated and no clinically significant haematological or biochemical
      abnormalities were noted.

PMID- 388401
TI  - Studies on tienilic acid in hypertensive hyperuricaemic patients in Dunedin, New
      Zealand.

PMID- 388403
TI  - Hypertension: psychiatric and psychosomatic aspects.

PMID- 388402
TI  - Double-blind assessment of tienilic acid in essential hypertension.
AB  - The antihypertensive effectiveness of tienilic acid in doses of 250 mg once and
      twice daily was compared to hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg once and twice per day in a
      randomized double-blind trial lasting six weeks. Blood pressure fell
      significantly and to a similar extent with the larger dose of both drugs. This
      was accompanied by a slight decrease in body weight and serum potassium
      concentration and a slight increase in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen.
      The magnitude of these changes was similar with both drugs. Unlike
      hydrochlorothiazide, however, the administration of tienilic acid was associated
      with a marked drop in the concentration of serum uric acid. No disturbing side
      effects or evidence of serious toxicity were noted during treatment with the new
      drug.

PMID- 388404
TI  - Prophylaxis of wound infection.

PMID- 388405
TI  - Domiciliary obstetrics in the 19th Century -- Robert Barnes' case book from the
      Royal Maternity Charity 1857-1868.

PMID- 388406
TI  - [The hematologic disorders of alcoholism (author's transl)].

PMID- 388407
TI  - Effect of 4% carboxyhemoglobin on human performance in cardiac patients.

PMID- 388409
TI  - [On the 85th anniversary of the birth of Nikolai Vladimirovich Popov].

PMID- 388408
TI  - [Duration of the preservation of thawed bone marrow cells in a biologically
      viable state].

PMID- 388410
TI  - [Detection of erythroblast antigen in mice in tumor cells and in leukemia by
      means of immunofluorescence and immunoautoradiography].

PMID- 388411
TI  - [Organization of cooperative research as 1 of the ways of approving and
      introducing into practice effective leukemia therapy].

PMID- 388413
TI  - [Clinical immunological studies of those operated on for destructive pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 388412
TI  - [Cytological and cytohistological methods of study in the clinical picture of
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 388414
TI  - [Formalinized osseous homotransplant in the surgery of tuberculous spondylitis].

PMID- 388415
TI  - [Outcome of various methods in plastic replacement of extensive femur head
      defects (experimental study)].

PMID- 388416
TI  - [Plaque-forming cells in the peripheral blood in tuberculosis and nonspecific
      lung diseases].

PMID- 388417
TI  - Alice Hamilton: pioneer in industrial medicine.

PMID- 388418
TI  - Export without proteolytic processing of inner and outer membrane proteins
      encoded by F sex factor tra cistrons in Escherichia coli minicells.
AB  - Most tra proteins encoded by the Escherichia coli F sex factor are incorporated
      into the minicell envelope. We have now assigned the tra proteins to cytoplasm
      (TraIp and 2b), inner membrane (TraEp, TraMp, and TraSp), and outer membrane (6e,
      TraAp, TraBp, TraJp, TraKp, TraLp, and TraTp). two proteins, TraDp and 6d, were
      associated with both inner and outer membranes. The proteins exported to the
      inner or outer membranes did not undergo proteolytic cleavage (processing)
      whereas beta-lactamase was processed normally.

PMID- 388419
TI  - Gene 2 protein of bacteriophage T7: purification and requirement for packaging of
      T7 DNA in vitro.
AB  - The gene 2 protein of bacteriophage T7 is required for a late stage of T7 DNA
      replication because T7 gene 2 mutants fail to form normal concatemeric structures
      during the processing of newly synthesized T7 DNA. Extracts of gene 2 mutant
      phage-infected cells are unable to package T7 DNA into phage heads to form viable
      phage, as determined by an in vitro packaging assay for T7 DNA. Packaging
      activity can be stimulated greater than 100-fold in mutant extracts by the
      addition of extract prepared from cells infected with phage carrying a wild-type
      T7 gene 2, thus providing a complementation assay for the gene 2 protein. With
      this assay, the gene 2 protein has been purified to approximately 50%
      homogeneity. Purified preparations of the protein inhibit the activity of
      Escherichia coli RNA polymerase but have little effect on the activity of T7 RNA
      polymerase but have little effect on the activity of T7 RNA polymerase. The
      requirement for the gene 2 protein during T7 DNA replication may involve
      inactivation of E. coli RNA polymerase because the antibiotic rifampicin, a
      specific inhibitor of E. coli RNA polymerase, can substitute for the gene 2
      protein in the in vitro packaging assay.

PMID- 388420
TI  - Quaternary structure of the ribosomal 30S subunit: model and its experimental
      testing.
AB  - In considering the structure of the 30S subunit of the Escherichia coli ribosome,
      we have assumed that: (i) all or almost all the proteins within the 30S particle
      are compact and globular, as recently shown for the isolated proteins S4, S7, S8,
      S15, and S16 in solution [Serdyuk, I.N., Zaccai, G. & Spirin, A.S. (1978) FEBS
      Lett. 94, 349-352]; (ii) the RNA within the 30S particle has approximately the
      same specific V-like or Y-like shape that was demonstrated for the isolated 16S
      RNA in a compact conformation [Vasiliev, V.D., Selivanova, O.M. & Koteliansky,
      V.E. (1978) FEBS Lett. 95, 273-276]. From these assumptions and using the
      numerous data reported on neighboring ribosomal proteins, we have constructed a
      model of the quaternary structure of the ribosomal 30S subunit. The model has
      been tested by calculation of the theoretical curves of neutron scattering at
      different contrasts, as well as those of x-ray scattering, and their comparison
      with the experimental scattering curves for E. coli 30S particles. It has been
      found that the calculated scattering curves for the model practically coincide
      with the experimental scattering curves for the 30S particles in the range of
      Bragg distances down to 40-55 A. The scattering curves calculated for several
      three-dimensional patterns of arrangement of the 30S subunit proteins proposed
      earlier have been shown to be inconsistent with the experiments.

PMID- 388421
TI  - Transposition of the Escherichia coli insertion element gamma generates a five
      base-pair repeat.
AB  - We have determined DNA sequences surrounding the termini of the Escherichia coli
      insertion element gamma delta, both at its normal locus on the F (fertility)
      factor and at three different sites of insertion into the plasmid pBR322. After
      transposition, a five-base-pair pBR322 sequence is duplicated and appears in
      direct orientation adjacent to each end of the element. No such duplication
      flanks the ends of gamma delta in F, and there is no apparent homology between
      the sequences surrounding gamma delta in F and the five-base-pair duplications
      generated by insertion. These findings suggest that the duplications are not
      essential for transposition and that they do not act to direct gamma delta to a
      homologous site in the target chromosome. In addition, we find that the 35-base
      pair inverted repeat that comprises the termini of gamma delta is strikingly
      similar in sequence to the ends of both the ampicillin-resistance transposon Tn3
      and a 200-nucleotide-long sequence on the plasmid pSC101 which has been shown to
      mediate recombination with phage f1 replicative form. Within the terminal region,
      there is a specific heptanucleotide sequence common to each of the above elements
      and to bacteriophage Mu, all of which generate five-base-pair repeats upon
      insertion.

PMID- 388422
TI  - Monoclonal antibody to a plasma membrane antigen of neurons.
AB  - Fusion of spleen cells from a mouse immunized with chicken embryo retina cells
      with clonal mouse myeloma cells yielded a lymphocyte hybrid cell line that
      produced antibody that bound to neural tissue such as retina, brain, spinal cord,
      and dorsal root ganglia but not to other tissues tested. The antigen was shown by
      indirect immunofluorescence to be associated with plasma membranes of most, or
      all, neuron cell bodies in chicken retina, but little or no antigen was detected
      on axons or dendrites, Muller cells, or retina pigment cells. The activity of
      antigen A2B5 is relatively stable at 100 degrees C, is insensitive to trypsin,
      exhibits the solubility properties of a ganglioside, and is destroyed by
      neuraminidase. Antibody A2B5 cytotoxicity against retina cells is inhibited by a
      GQ ganglioside fraction from bovine brain (estimated half-maximal inhibition at
      0.2 microM) or by N-acetylneuraminic acid (half-maximal inhibition at 5000
      microM) but not by other purified gangliosides tested. These results suggest that
      the antigen is a complex ganglioside in plasma membranes of retina neuron cell
      bodies but not axons or dendrites.

PMID- 388423
TI  - leu operon of Salmonella typhimurium is controlled by an attenuation mechanism.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of the control region of the leu operon of Salmonella
      typhimurium was determined. A prominent feature of this region is a signal for
      termination of transcription. In vitro, transcription does terminate at this
      site, yielding a leader RNA of about 160 nucleotides as a major product. This
      leader RNA is potentially translatable into a peptide containing 28 amino acids,
      4 of which are adjacent leucine residues. Several regions of base complementarity
      exist within the leader, positioned such that pairing of one region precludes
      pairing of another. The position of the four leucine codons relative to two
      regions of base complementarity suggest a model for the regulation of the leu
      operon similar to that proposed by Yanofsky and coworkers for the trp operon. In
      addition, a third region of base complementarity was identified which, when
      incorporated into the model, explains why premature termination is the usual
      outcome when transcription is initiated in vitro by purified RNA polymerase.

PMID- 388424
TI  - Replacement of chromosome segments with altered DNA sequences constructed in
      vitro.
AB  - We have developed a method that may be of general application for the stable
      introduction of foreign sequences or deletions, constructed in vitro, into the
      chromosomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. No vector sequences are present in the
      final strains. Ability to transform cells with DNA, availability of a single
      selective marker, and integration of the transforming DNA by homologous
      recombination into the chromosomes are the requirements of the system. Any
      isolated gene can be deleted or altered and then be used to replace the wild-type
      chromosomal copy. An internal deletion mutant of the his3 gene and a
      transposition of a galactose-inducible region into chromosome XV have been
      generated by using the ura3 gene as the selective marker.

PMID- 388425
TI  - Cloning and nucleotide sequence of DNA coding for bovine preproparathyroid
      hormone.
AB  - We have cloned in Escherichia coli a DNA copy of mRNA coding for bovine
      preproparathyroid hormone. Double-stranded DNA was inserted into the Pst I site
      in plasmid pBR322 by using the poly(dG)-poly(dC) homopolymer extension technique
      to join the DNA molecules. Recombinant plasmids coding for preproparathyroid
      hormone were identified by the plasmid's ability to arrest specifically the
      translation of preproparathyroid hormone mRNA. The nucleotide sequence of the
      largest recombinant was determined by using both chemical and enzymatic
      techniques. The parathyroid insert contains 470 nucleotides--102 nucleotides from
      the 5' noncoding region of the mRNA, 345 nucleotides representing the entire
      coding region, and 23 nucleotides from the 3' noncoding region. The coding
      sequence clarifies the hormone's amino acid sequence, which has been disputed.
      Codon usage is discussed.

PMID- 388426
TI  - Primary structure of major outer membrane protein I of Escherichia coli B/r.
AB  - The amino acid sequence of the pore-forming outer membrane protein I (porin) from
      Escherichia coli B/r has been determined. The polypeptide contains 340 amino acid
      residues resulting in a molecular weight of 37,205. The transmembrane polypeptide
      has no stretches of nonpolar residues, uninterrupted by charged side chains,
      longer than 11 amino acid residues. Regarding polarity, the chain can be
      subdivided into three regions: a distinctly hydrophilic region between residues 1
      and 82 (51.2% polarity), a fairly nonpolar region between residues 83 and 194
      (33.9% polarity), and a more hydrophilic region up to the COOH terminus (48%
      polarity). These results are interpreted as evidence against a simple
      transmembrane structure in which the membrane is spanned by a single contiguous
      sequence of hydrophobic amino acids, as has been proposed, for example, for
      glycophorin.

PMID- 388427
TI  - Construction and selection of recombinant plasmids containing full-length
      complementary DNAs corresponding to rat insulins I and II.
AB  - We have used a synthetic deoxydecanucleotide to generate an insulin-specific cDNA
      probe suitable for selecting transformants that contain nearly full-length cDNAs
      corresponding to the mRNAs coding for rat insulins I and II. Double-stranded cDNA
      was synthesized from x-ray-induced rat insulinoma poly(A)-RNA, inserted in pBR322
      plasmid DNA by the homopolymeric tailing technique, and cloned in Escherichia
      coli chi 1776. Colony hybridization with oligonucleotide-primed cDNA yielded 16
      positive clones of which 7 corresponded to rat insulin I mRNA and 9 to rat
      insulin II mRNA. Restriction endonuclease maps of representative clones of each
      group indicated that these contained the complete coding sequences, as was
      confirmed by nucleotide sequence analysis of the 5' region of the cloned DNA for
      rat insulin II. Nucleotide sequence analysis also established the amino acid
      sequence of the prepeptide of rat preproinsulin II. Comparison of the amino acid
      sequence of the prepeptides of rat preproinsulin I and II shows that three
      conservative amino acid substitutions have occurred in this region of the
      molecule.

PMID- 388428
TI  - RNA polymerase III transcriptional units are interspersed among human non-alpha
      globin genes.
AB  - Cloned human DNA fragments containing globin genes are transcribed in vitro to
      form discrete RNA species. One transcription unit is located approximately 1500
      base pairs upstream from the G-gamma-globin gene. This transcript is partially
      homologous to a polymerase III template located approximately 1000 base pairs
      upstream from the delta-globin gene and to DNA located a short distance
      downstream from the beta-globin gene.

PMID- 388429
TI  - A 3.0-A resolution study of nucleotide complexes with aspartate
      carbamoyltransferase.
AB  - The binding sites of CTP, CDP, 5-BrCTP, and ATP to the allosteric site of
      aspartate carbamoyltransferase (carbamoylphosphate:L-aspartate
      carbamoyltransferase, EC 2.1.3.2) have been found in electron-density maps
      obtained at about 3 A resolution from x-ray diffraction studies of single
      crystals. The activator ATP binds in the anti conformation, whereas the inhibitor
      5-BrCTP binds in the syn conformation. Both activator and inhibitor bind to the
      same local region of the enzyme. All of the cytidine nucleotides show important
      interactions of the base with the protein. The triphosphate conformations are
      similar, whereas the terminal phosphate of CDP occupies the site of the gamma
      phosphate of CTP, thus implying a protein-nucleotide interaction at this site.
      These results are then related to biochemical studies.

PMID- 388430
TI  - Termination of transcription by bacteriophage T3 RNA polymerase: homogeneous 3'
      terminal oligonucleotide sequence of in vitro T3 RNA polymerase transcripts.
AB  - RNA was synthesized in vitro from a T3 DNA template by T3 RNA polymerase and
      subsequently separated into seven discrete size classes (molecular weights
      ranging between 0.21 x 10(6) and 6.2 x 10(6)) by electrophoresis in
      polyacrylamide slab gels. RNase T1-generated 3'-terminal oligonucleotide
      fragments were then selectively isolated from either the unfractionated total RNA
      or the gel-purified specific transcripts by chromatography on columns of
      dihydroxyboryl-cellulose. Sequence analysis of these oligonucleotide products
      indicated that the unfractionated transcripts as well as all the individual major
      RNA species examined had a unique sequence, (Gp)UpUpUpUpUpGOH, at their 3'
      termini. The specificity of this sequence, as well as the total lack of any
      sequence heterogeneity at the ends of these transcripts, indicates a high degree
      of specificity of termination during transcription in this system.

PMID- 388431
TI  - Interference of nonsense mutations with eukaryotic messenger RNA stability.
AB  - The fine structure map of the yeast URA 3 gene was established by meiotic
      recombination, and amber nonsense mutations were located at different points on
      the map. The effect of the length of the labeling time on the specific
      radioactivity of ura 3 messenger RNA and on its repartition between poly(A)-RNA
      and RNA not containing poly(A) has been followed in nonsense mutants. Nonsense
      mutations reduce the messenger level without lowering its instantaneous rate of
      synthesis. The strength of the reduction depends on the position of the nonsense
      codon within the locus and concerns essentially the accumulation of
      polyadenylylated ura 3 mRNA.

PMID- 388432
TI  - A response of protein synthesis to temperature shift in the yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - When Saccharomyces cerevisiae are subjected to a sudden increase in temperature
      (22 degrees C to 37 degrees C) they undergo extensive and, in some cases, extreme
      alterations in their rates of synthesizing individual polypeptides. These changes
      were monitored by pulse-labeling cells with [35S]methionine and separating the
      total soluble proteins by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Incorporation of
      35S into individual proteins was measured by a computer-coupled autoradiogram
      scanning method. The rates of synthesis of most proteins are transiently changed;
      10-fold or greater induction or respression is common. This temperature response
      has also been studied in a mutant strain that is temperature sensitive for the
      nucleus-to-cytoplasm transport of RNA. In this mutant, not only the induction,
      but also a part of the repression in response to temperature upshift is largely
      inhibited. Conceivable mechanisms are discussed.

PMID- 388434
TI  - Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (Antabuse) inhibits the human malaria parasite
      Plasmodium falciparum.
AB  - Plasmodium falciparum in culture grows optimally at 3% oxygen. Oxygen levels down
      to 0.5% still support growth, but anaerobic conditions do not. These findings,
      and the absence of the Krebs cycle in Plasmodium, suggested that in this organism
      oxygen may not function in electron transport but rather may act through
      metalloprotein oxygenases. Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (Antabuse, disulfiram) and
      its reduction product diethyldithiocarbamate inhibit many metalloprotein
      oxygenases and have a lipid/H2O partition coefficient and high binding constant
      for metal ions, favoring selective toxicity to the malaria parasite. These
      compounds exhibited active antimalarial effects in vitro in concentrations down
      to 0.1 microgram/ml, the lowest level tested. Tetraethylthiuram disulfide at a
      level as low as 1 microgram/ml inhibited parasite glycolysis with no effect on
      glycolysis of normal erythrocytes. Erythrocytes pretreated with this drug at 10
      microgram/ml did not support growth of the parasite.

PMID- 388433
TI  - Nucleotide sequences of trpA of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli: an
      evolutionary comparison.
AB  - The complete nucleotide sequences of trpA of Salmonella typhimurium and
      Escherichia coli were determined. The nucleotide sequences are 24.8% divergent,
      compared with amino acid sequence divergence of 14.9%. Over half of the codons of
      each gene contain synonymous nucleotide changes. The pattern of synonymous
      nucleotide changes is consistent with the interpretation that such changes result
      from random mutational events. We do not find any evidence indicating that codon
      selection or RNA structure is of major selective value. We conclude that
      polypeptide function is the primary basis of selection in trpA and that most
      synonymous codon changes are selectively neutral.

PMID- 388435
TI  - Comparison of cell-fusing activity of brain suspensions from patients with
      Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other degenerative neurological diseases.
AB  - In vitro cell-fusing activity of brain suspensions from 33 patients with
      transmissible cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) was compared to activity
      of brains from 26 patients with a variety of other degenerative neurological
      diseases, and with activity of brains from 25 patients without neurological
      disease. A significantly higher proportion of CJD brains (61%) was positive than
      other neurologically diseased brains (31-35%) or the brains without neurological
      disease (0-4%). Although not yet sufficiently specific to be useful as a
      diagnostic test for human CJD, the assay nevertheless opens a line of
      investigation into the pathophysiology of degenerative neurological diseases and
      could prove immediately useful in rapidly locating material of maximum interest
      in purification procedures for experimental spongiform encephalopathy virus.

PMID- 388437
TI  - Differences in mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of (+)- and (-)-benzo[a]pyrene 4,5
      oxide: a synergistic interaction of enantiomers.
AB  - In order to study the biological effects of (+)- and (-)-benzo[a]pyrene 4,5
      oxide, a synthesis of these molecules has been developed based on the resolution
      of (+/-)-cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene. The (-) enantiomer of
      benzo[a]pyrene 4,5-oxide was 1.5- to 5.5-fold more mutagenic than the (+)
      enantiomer in strains TA 98, TA 100, TA 1537, and TA 1538 of Salmonella
      typhimurium and in Chinese hamster V79 cells. In studies with V79 Cells, the (-)
      enantiomer of benzo[a]pyrene 4,5-oxide was also more cytotoxic than the (+)
      enantiomer. When mixtures of the enantiomers were studied in V79 cells,
      synergistic cytotoxic and mutagenic responses were observed. The greatest
      cytotoxic and mutagenic effects occurred with a 3:1 mixture of the (-) and (+)
      enantiomers of benzo[a]pyrene 4,5-oxide, respectively.

PMID- 388436
TI  - Evidence for a cholinergic projection to neocortex from neurons in basal
      forebrain.
AB  - Unilateral stereotaxic injection of 3.5 nmol of kainic acid into the ventral
      globus pallidus of rats reduced biochemical cholinergic neuronal markers by 45
      50% and virtually eliminated histochemical staining for acetylcholinesterase in
      neocortex ipsilateral to the lesion. At the lesion site, the large, multipolar
      neurons that stain densely for acetylcholinesterase were absent when compared
      with the uninjected side. Kainate was as effective as electrocoagulation for
      reducing cholinergic markers although it did not affect aminergic projections
      ascending through the lesioned area. The conclusion that the cholinergic
      projection originated in neuronal perikarya at the lesion site was supported by
      the failure of kainate or electrolytic lesions in contiguous regions to produce
      similar effects. These studies provide strong evidence for a cholinergic
      projection to neocortex from neurons in the forebrain in the nucleus basalis.

PMID- 388439
TI  - Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose
      sheets: procedure and some applications.
AB  - A method has been devised for the electrophoretic transfer of proteins from
      polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets. The method results in quantitative
      transfer of ribosomal proteins from gels containing urea. For sodium dodecyl
      sulfate gels, the original band pattern was obtained with no loss of resolution,
      but the transfer was not quantitative. The method allows detection of proteins by
      autoradiography and is simpler than conventional procedures. The immobilized
      proteins were detectable by immunological procedures. All additional binding
      capacity on the nitrocellulose was blocked with excess protein; then a specific
      antibody was bound and, finally, a second antibody directed against the first
      antibody. The second antibody was either radioactively labeled or conjugated to
      fluorescein or to peroxidase. The specific protein was then detected by either
      autoradiography, under UV light, or by the peroxidase reaction product,
      respectively. In the latter case, as little as 100 pg of protein was clearly
      detectable. It is anticipated that the procedure will be applicable to analysis
      of a wide variety of proteins with specific reactions or ligands.

PMID- 388438
TI  - Yeast chromatin is uniformly digested by DNase-I.
AB  - The DNase I (EC 3.1.21.1) sensitivity of transcribed yeast chromatin has been
      examined. We find that, in contrast to chromatin from higher eukaryotes,
      transcribed yeast chromatin and total yeast chromatin are equally sensitive to
      DNase I digestion. We interpret these results to mean that the entire yeast
      genome exists in a state that represents a restricted proportion of total
      chromatin in higher eukaryotes.

PMID- 388440
TI  - Energy-dependent processing of cytoplasmically made precursors to mitochondrial
      proteins.
AB  - Earlier work has shown that mitochondrial proteins synthesized in the cytosol are
      initially made as larger precursors which are then transferred into the
      organelles and processed to their mature size in the absence of protein
      synthesis. It is now demonstrated that depletion of the mitochondrial matrix ATP
      in intact yeast spheroplasts by various combinations of inhibitors and mutations
      prevents the processing of precursors to the three largest subunits of the
      mitochondrial F1-ATPase and two subunits of the cytochrome bc1 complex. These
      polypeptides are all synthesized outside the mitochondria and transported to the
      mitochondrial matrix or inserted into the mitochondrial inner membrane. In
      contrast, depletion of the matrix ATP does not inhibit processing of the
      precursor to cytochrome c peroxidase; this enzyme is located in the mitochondrial
      intermembrane space which is freely accessible to ATP made in the cytosol. The
      processing of extramitochondrially made precursors or the transfer of these
      precursors across the mitochondrial inner membrane is thus dependent on ATP.

PMID- 388441
TI  - Subunit structure of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase component of pyruvate
      dehydrogenase complex from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Limited tryptic digestion of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of Escherichia
      coli or its dihydrolipoyl transacetylase core cleaves the trypsin-sensitive
      transacetylase subunits into two large fragments, A (lipoyl domain) and D
      (subunit binding domain). Release of fragments A from the complex does not
      significantly affect its sedimentation coefficient or its appearance in the
      electron microscope. Fragment A contains the lipoyl moieties ((3)H-labeled), is
      acidic with an apparent isoelectric point of about 4.0, has a M(r) of 31,600 as
      determined by sedimentation equilibrium analysis, and has a swollen or extended
      structure (f/f(o) = 1.78). Fragment A exhibits anomalous properties, probably due
      to its acidic nature. It is resistant to staining with Coomassie blue and it
      migrates on sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gels as if it had a M(r) of
      46,000-48,000. Further tryptic digestion converts fragment A into a lipoyl
      containing fragment of M(r) 20,000 (fragment B) and eventually into an apparently
      stable product of estimated M(r) about 10,000 (fragment C). Fragment D has a
      compact structure of M(r) about 29,600 as determined by sedimentation equilibrium
      analysis in 6 M guanidinium chloride, and it possesses the intersubunit binding
      sites of the transacetylase, the binding sites for pyruvate dehydrogenase and
      dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, and the catalytic site for transacetylation. The
      assemblage of fragments D is responsible for the cube-like appearance of the
      transacetylase in the electron microscope. High-resolution electron micrographs
      of the transacetylase show fiber-like extensions, apparently corresponding to
      tryptic fragment A, surrounding the cube-like core.

PMID- 388442
TI  - Accessibility of guanine at position 44 in the invariant sequence 5'CCG44AAC3' of
      Escherichia coli 5S RNA to reaction with kethoxal.
AB  - The reaction of Escherichia coli ribosomes with beta-ethoxy-alpha
      ketobutyraldehyde (kethoxal) in a buffer containing 50--100 mM Tris.HCl at pH
      7.4, 50 mM NH4Cl, and 5 mM Mg(OAc)2 readily released the 5S RNA from the
      ribosomes. When liberated, the 5S RNA is in a conformation such that position 44
      is selectively reactive, in addition to the normally reactive quanines at
      positions 41 and 13. Positions 41 and 13 have been previously shown to react in
      the 5S RNA in situ. The resulting new RNase T1 resistant oligonucleotides 5'CCG
      44K AAUCAG51(3') and 5'ACCCCAUG 41KCCG 44KAACUCAG51(3') have been isolated and
      identified. These oligonucleotides have not been found in RNase T1 digests of 5S
      RNA that is not released from the ribosome. The guanine at position 44 is part of
      the invariant sequence 5'CCG44AAC3' which includes that portion of the molecule
      thought to interact with the invariant 5'GT psi C3' of tRNAs in the ribosomal A
      site. This invariant sequence of the 5S RNA may also form part of the binding
      site for protein L5.

PMID- 388443
TI  - On the evolution of accuracy and cost of proofreading tRNA aminoacylation.
AB  - Aminoacylation of tRNA occurs with a high degree of accuracy in many cases
      because misacylated molecules are effectively proofread on the aminoacyl-tRNA
      synthetase by preferential hydrolysis. This hydrolysis releases an ATP equivalent
      of energy. An explicit relationship between cost of proofreading and the
      resulting degree of accuracy is presented. Experimental data from Escherichia
      coli for isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase proofreading valyl-tRNAIle are examined by
      means of this relationship, and a conjecture concerning the natural selection of
      accuracy and proofreading costs is put forth and tested. We have found the energy
      cost of accurate proofreading to be high. The minimum error, derived in previous
      theoretical studies, is never actually reached. Instead, higher values,
      determined by the balance between energy wasted in the cell as a consequence of
      error and the energy cost of proofreading, appear to be selected. The total cost
      of proofreading all types of tRNA aminoacylations is estimated to be
      approximately 2% of the energy required to synthesize a bacterial cell.

PMID- 388444
TI  - Genetics of type II glycogenosis: assignment of the human gene for acid alpha
      glucosidase to chromosome 17.
AB  - We have studied somatic cell hybrids between thymidine kinase (EC 2.7.1.75)
      deficient mouse cells and human diploid fibroblasts for the expression of human
      acid alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20). A deficiency in this enzyme is associated
      with the type II glycogenosis or Pompe disease. All 30 somatic cell hybrids
      selected in hypoxanthine/aminopterin/thymidine medium expressed human acid alpha
      glucosidase and galactokinase (EC 2.7.1.6) and retained human chromosome 17;
      counterselection of the same hybrids in medium containing 5-bromodeoxyuridine
      resulted in the growth of hybrids that concordantly lost the expression of human
      acid alpha-glucosidase and galactokinase as well as human chromosome 17. Hybrids
      between thymidine kinase-deficient mouse cells and fibroblasts from a patient
      with Pompe disease that contained human chromosome 17 were found not to express
      human acid alpha-glucosidase. Because we have already shown that hybrids between
      mouse peritoneal macrophages and GM54VA simian virus 40-transformed human cells
      selectively retain human chromosome 17 and lose all other human chromosomes, we
      tested 13 independent mouse macrophage x GM54VA hybrid clones, including two that
      retained human chromosome 17 and no other human chromosomes, for the expression
      of human acid alpha-glucosidase and galactokinase. All 13 hybrid clones were
      found to express these human enzymes. Thus, we conclude that the gene coding for
      human acid alpha-glucosidase is located on human chromosome 17.

PMID- 388445
TI  - Activation of mating type genes by transposition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae may express an a or alpha mating type. These cells
      types may be interconverted as a consequence of heritable genetic alteractions at
      the mating type locus (MAT). According to the more general controlling element
      model [Oshima, U. & Takano, I. (1971) Genetics 67, 327--335] and the specific
      cassette model [Hicks, J., Strathern, J. & Herskowitz, I. (1977) in DNA Insertion
      Elements, Plasmids and Episomes, eds. Bukhari, A. I., Shapiro, J.A. & Adhya, S.
      L.(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY), pp. 457--462], the
      regulatory information required for switching the MAT locus exists at two other
      loosely linked loci, HMa and HMalpha. Specifically, the HMa and HMalpha loci are
      proposed to carry silent alpha and silent a genes, respectively. According to
      these models, switching occurs when a replica of a silent gene replaces the
      resident information at the mating type locus and is thereby expressed. These
      models predict that mutations at the silent ("storage") loci would generate
      defective MAT loci subsequent to the switching process. Therefore, the behavior
      of HMalpha mutants during the mating type interconversion was investigated. The
      results demonstrate that defective MATa alleles are generated by switching the
      MATalpha locus in HMalpha mutants. Thus, the genetic information from HMalpha is
      transposed to the mating type locus. These results provide genetic evidence in
      support of these models.

PMID- 388446
TI  - Evidence that a single DNA ligase is involved in replication and recombination in
      yeast.
AB  - The possible existence in yeast of different nuclear DNA ligase enzymes led us to
      ask whether induced recombination (gene conversion) involves the same ligase as
      that involved in DNA replication. The conditional cdc9 mutant is known to be
      defective, under restrictive conditions, in the rejoining of Okazaki fragments.
      We show here that under the same conditions, x-ray-induced convertants within the
      cdc9 locus are produced with kinetics indicating that most, if not all, of the
      conversion events require the participation of the cdc9-controlled ligase. Thus,
      the same DNA ligase is involved in DNA replication and in induced gene
      conversion.

PMID- 388447
TI  - Enhanced mitotic recombination in a ligase-defective mutant of the yeast
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The temperature-sensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle mutant cdc9 is
      defective in DNA ligase, and the DNA synthesized at the restrictive temperature
      contains many single-strand breaks. We find that holding a diploid homozygous for
      cdc9 at the restrictive temperature and then plating cells at the permissive
      temperature gives rise to increased intragenic and intergenic recombination. In
      the latter case, recombinants signaled by the ade2 locus rise to about 4% of the
      survivors after 6 hr of incubation at the restrictive temperature. We propose
      that the single-strand breaks left in DNA synthesized at the restrictive
      temperature may lead to recombination.

PMID- 388449
TI  - National Academy of Sciences July 1, 1979.

PMID- 388448
TI  - Characterization of a protein correlated with the production of knob-like
      protrusions on membranes of erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum.
AB  - Membranes of erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum develop protrusions
      called "knobs." These protrusions are not apparent on erythrocytes infected with
      young parasites (rings) but develop with the growth of parasites to the
      trophozoite and schizont stages. The nature and origin of knobs were
      characterized by comparing the stage-specific proteins of two culture lines of P.
      falciparum, K+ and K-. K+ parasites produce knobs; K- parasites do not.
      Erythrocytes infected with both types of parasites were labeled metabolically and
      samples were analyzed by electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide
      gels. There were no apparent differences in Coomassie blue-stained or radioactive
      components of rings of K+ and K- parasites. However, erythrocytes infected with
      K+ trophozoites or schizonts showed a major labeled protein, with an apparent
      molecular weight of approximately 80,000, that was not present in any
      developmental stage of K- parasites or in K+ rings. A fraction enriched in
      membranes from erythrocytes infected with K+ trophozoites showed enrichment of
      this protein. The results indicate that this protein, synthesized by the
      parasites, is correlated with the formation of knobs on the host cell membrane.
      Two additional labeled components were identified. These appeared with the
      development of schizonts in both K+ and K- parasites and are therefore stage
      dependent and not correlated with knobs.

PMID- 388450
TI  - The profession of nutrition--an historical perspective.

PMID- 388452
TI  - Purification of neonatal rat pancreatic monolayer cultures for endocrine cells.

PMID- 388451
TI  - Diet and lead toxicity.

PMID- 388453
TI  - Bacterial stimulation of serum colony-stimulating activity and neutrophil
      production in germ-free mice.

PMID- 388455
TI  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) elicits reflex bradycardia in dogs: evidence for vagal
      mediation.

PMID- 388454
TI  - Persistence of coitus during induced infertility in male rats.

PMID- 388456
TI  - Physicians who abandoned medicine for literature: John Keats, Arthur Conan Doyle,
      Arthur Schnitzler and Somerset Maugham.

PMID- 388457
TI  - Total responsibility of the surgeon in the rehabilitation of the spinal paralyzed
      and other severely disabled.

PMID- 388458
TI  - Erich Lexer.

PMID- 388459
TI  - The Carl Neuberg Medal.

PMID- 388460
TI  - Carl Neuberg--an appreciation.

PMID- 388461
TI  - Limulus polyphemus: a review of the ecologically significant literature.

PMID- 388462
TI  - Pyrogen testing of an intravenous fat emulsion.

PMID- 388463
TI  - Application of LAL for detection of endotoxin in antibiotic preparations.
AB  - The Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test has been investigated as an alternative
      method to the USP pyrogen test for the detection of endotoxin contamination in
      these antibiotic preparations: clindamycin phosphate, lincomycin hydrochloride,
      neomycin sulfate, and spectinomycin hydrochloride. The antibiotic preparations
      were tested at the maximum concentrations that would not inhibit gelation of LAL.
      The USP pyrogen test was also performed for comparison. The LAL and the USP
      pyrogen tests correlated extremely well when an acceptance criterion based on the
      minimum pyrogenic dose (MPD) of endotoxin per human dose of drug was used for the
      LAL test. Use of this MPD provides a practical and feasible acceptance creiterion
      for the LAL test and assures that the LAL sensitivity approximates or surpasses
      that of the USP pyrogen test.

PMID- 388464
TI  - Endotoxin contamination of some commercial preparations used in experimental
      research.

PMID- 388465
TI  - Applications and advantages of the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) pyrogen test
      for parenteral injectable products.

PMID- 388466
TI  - Quantitative method for determining less than a pg/ml of LPS.

PMID- 388467
TI  - Bacterial agglutinins from Limulus polyphemus--an overview.

PMID- 388468
TI  - An easily mass produced cannula system for chemical stimulation of the brain.
AB  - This paper describes a cannula system for chemical stimulation of the brain which
      can be easily mass produced in a reliable and inexpensive manner.

PMID- 388469
TI  - Glycosaminoglycans and lipoprotein metabolism: an overview.

PMID- 388470
TI  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) and the effect of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on platelet
      aggregation.

PMID- 388471
TI  - [Aspects of the application of models in pharmaceutical research (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Starting from historical examples of the application of models in scientific
      research, the author treats the present significance of this working method in
      pharmacy. A short description of various types of models and of the definition of
      the term "model" is followed by an outline of the major aspects to be considered
      in using models. The different steps of model elaboration, the requirements to be
      considered with model elaboration as well as questions concerning the analogy,
      main properties, goals and limitations of models, and the validity of the results
      obtained are briefly dealt with and illustrated by examples.

PMID- 388472
TI  - 4,5'-dimethylangelicin: a new DNA-photobinding monofunctional agent.

PMID- 388473
TI  - Photochemistry and photobiology of psoralens.

PMID- 388474
TI  - Molecular and biochemical aspects of photodynamic action.

PMID- 388475
TI  - Effects of olfactory bulb ablation on estrus-induction and frequency of
      pregnancy.

PMID- 388477
TI  - Surgical anesthesia of seven rodent species with chloral hydrate.

PMID- 388476
TI  - Ovarian hormones regulating sexual and social behaviors in female prairie voles,
      Microtus ochrogaster.

PMID- 388478
TI  - Superiority of the deep circumflex iliac vessels as the supply for free groin
      flaps.

PMID- 388479
TI  - Further experiences with the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap for the immediate
      repair of defects from excisions of head and neck cancers.
AB  - In our experience with 14 pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps they have been very
      reliable for reconstructions in a variety of clinical situations--especially in
      the repair of defects from extensive cancer resections in the head and neck area,
      including orbital exenterations. The flaps can be transferred immediately,
      without a delay.

PMID- 388480
TI  - History of the American Association of Plastic Surgeons, 1963-1979.

PMID- 388481
TI  - Plastic surgery during the Lebanese Civil War.

PMID- 388482
TI  - Preferential use of end-to-side arterial anastomoses in free flap transfers.
AB  - In our early clinical experience with free flaps, we used end-to-end arterial
      anastomoses and in 9 our of 24 we had complete failures--7 of which were due to
      early arterial thrombosis. Contrarily, in 41 consecutive free flaps with end-to
      side anastomoses we have not had a single failure. At the same time that we began
      using the end-to-side anastomoses, we also began using the latissimus dorsi free
      flap as our flap of first choice, and we agree that this was probably an
      additional reason for our improved success rate. The use of end-to-side
      anastomoses has the following advantages: (1) a high success rate; (2)
      preservation of all existing vessels in an injured extremity; (3) greater freedom
      of operative planning; and (4) technical simplicity in terms of access to the
      vessels. For us, these advantages have made end-to-side anastomosis the technique
      of choice in the transfer of free flaps.

PMID- 388483
TI  - Management of pressure sores in a specialty center. A reappraisal.
AB  - We report a study on the surgical management of 145 pressure sores in 115
      patients treated in a spinal cord injury center. There is a definite trend toward
      better education of these patients, who do not develop their first pressure sores
      until years following the injury. When the patient comes in for an ulcer, he is
      usually healthy and the ulcer is small and clean. In such instances the ulcer can
      be excised and closed, preferably with a myocutaneous flap, and the patient can
      usually begin sitting by the 21st post-operative day. In the ideal setting he may
      be discharged to his home on a custom-fitted (for pressure) cushion within 4 to 5
      weeks, without increasing the risk of recurrence. Prophylaxis for the future is,
      probably, the most essential part of the treatment.

PMID- 388484
TI  - Two replantations of severed ear parts.
AB  - Two successful cases of replantation of part of an ear are presented; both were
      done by simple suture. The larger of these replants consisted of a 13 x 43 mm
      segment of the superior helix and concha. Both were vascularized beofre 48 hours.
      The greatest problem was venous congestion. In the larger replant we made
      multiple puncture wounds daily on both sides of the graft with an 18-gauge needle
      to help relieve this.

PMID- 388485
TI  - Successful replantation of a totally severed ear.

PMID- 388486
TI  - Anger and its control in Graeco-Roman and modern psychology.
AB  - Modern psychologists have studied the phenomena of anger and hostility with
      diverse methodologies and from a variety of theoretical orientations. The close
      relationships between anger and aggression, psychosomatic disorder and personal
      unhappiness, make the understanding and control of anger an important individual
      and social goal. For all of its sophistication and accomplishment, however, most
      of the modern research demonstrates, to its disadvantage, a lack of historical
      perspective with respect to the analysis and treatment of anger, whether normal
      or pathological. This attitude has deprived psychology of a rich source of
      empirical observations, intriguing, testable hypotheses, and ingenious techniques
      of treatment. Of the literature that has been neglected, the analyses of the
      emotion of anger in the writings of Greek and Roman moral philosophers,
      particularly Aristotle (4th century B.C.), Seneca (1st century A.D.) and Plutarch
      (early 2nd century A.D.) are of particular interest. Although modern analyses and
      methods of treatment are in some ways more refined and more quantitatively
      precise, and are often subjected to validation and modification by empirical
      experimental tests, scientific psychology has, to date, contributed relatively
      little to the understanding and control of anger that is novel except for
      research on its physiological dimensions. We can still benefit from the insight,
      prescriptions and procedures of the classicists, who in some respects offer more
      powerful methods of control than the most recently published works. Naturally,
      the modern psychotherapist or behavior therapist can and must go beyond the
      ancients, as is inherent in all scientific and intellectual progress, but there
      are no scientific or rational grounds for ignoring them as has been done for 75
      years.

PMID- 388487
TI  - On public diagnosis.

PMID- 388488
TI  - Michelangelo's early works: a psychoanalytic study in iconography.

PMID- 388489
TI  - Members of the American Psychosomatic Society August 1979.

PMID- 388490
TI  - [Use of occlusal analysis in clinical prothetics. IV].

PMID- 388491
TI  - [Conservative therapy for an accidentally fractured root. Presentation of a
      case].

PMID- 388492
TI  - [Impression taking in lip and palate malformations].

PMID- 388493
TI  - [Streptococcus].

PMID- 388494
TI  - [Cancer of the mouth].

PMID- 388495
TI  - [Study of the use of occlusal analysis in clinical prosthetics. III].

PMID- 388496
TI  - [Focal pathogenesis in medicine and dentistry (focal theory): history and
      knowledge].

PMID- 388497
TI  - [Saint Appolonia as a dentist].

PMID- 388498
TI  - [Impressions for immediate dentures].

PMID- 388499
TI  - [Basic concepts for the practice of restorative dentistry].

PMID- 388500
TI  - [Partial removable denture over a fixed bar retainer].

PMID- 388501
TI  - [Suture technics in periodontal surgery].

PMID- 388502
TI  - [Isolation and cavity preparation handling as the cause of periodontal lesions].

PMID- 388503
TI  - [Dies].

PMID- 388504
TI  - 8-Methoxypsoralen effects on survival and repair of Escherichia coli after
      ultraviolet irradiation: action spectra.

PMID- 388505
TI  - Obituary: Dr. William L. Caldwell.

PMID- 388506
TI  - Oxygen dependence of sensitization to 245-nm radiation by prior exposure to 365
      nm radiation in strains of Escherichia coli K12 differing in DNA repair
      capability.

PMID- 388507
TI  - Influence of gamma irradiation on the development of neoplastic disease in mice.
      I. Reticular tissue tumors.

PMID- 388508
TI  - [Acceleration of the recovery of the immune response of irradiated mice to E.
      coli lipopolysaccharide by the administration of thymocytes and thymosin].

PMID- 388510
TI  - Multi-colour transformation of the angiographic image and its applications.

PMID- 388509
TI  - [Effect of screening and bone marrow autograft on the functional state of the
      intestines in irradiated rats].

PMID- 388511
TI  - The Manchester School of Radiography (1940-1977).

PMID- 388512
TI  - In memoriam Terry S. McDowell, R.T.

PMID- 388513
TI  - [Cerebral angiography with ioglicinate (Rayvist). A double blind study of image
      quality and clinical side effects (author's transl)].
AB  - The image contrast quality and the patient tolerance of two osmotically active
      water-soluble contrast agents were examined and compared in double blind study
      cerebral angiography: Rayvist (an Ioglicinate developed recently) and Telebrix
      (AN Ioxithalamate). In 100 direct carotid or retrograde brachial angiograms the
      tolerance of Rayvist was significantly better, primarily because of less
      subjective patient side effects and less frequent cardiovascular reactions.
      However, there was no significant difference in neurological complications or
      deterioriation of EEG-findings, both quite rare anyway.

PMID- 388514
TI  - [To Erwin Uehlinger on his 80th birthday, 8 August 1979].

PMID- 388515
TI  - [Radiological findings in periosteal reaction due to inflammation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Presentation of radiographically apparent periosteal changes due to inflammation.
      Solid periosteal reaction is being distinguished from an interrupted-type
      reaction. Some cases of acute and chronic osteomyelitis, congenital and acquired
      lues, bony tuberculosis, leprosy and fungal disease serve to demonstrate the
      different types of periosteal reaction; and a differential diagnosis is being
      discussed. The diagnostic evaluation should include bone scanning in addition to
      routine radiography with special views and follow up examinations.

PMID- 388516
TI  - New techniques in cardiac imaging with ultrasound: state of the art.
AB  - Two-dimensional real-time ultrasonic imaging in the diagnosis of acquired and
      congenital cardiac lesions is reviewed. This technique provides anatomically
      correct cross-sectional images and demonstrates movements of valve leaflets and
      segments of heart walls. The imaging of blood flow through the use of ultrasonic
      contrast agents and the application of pulsed Doppler principles is also
      reviewed, and future trends are discussed.

PMID- 388517
TI  - Surgical treatment of infective endocarditis.

PMID- 388518
TI  - Experimental infective endocarditis.

PMID- 388519
TI  - Prosthetic valve infective endocarditis.

PMID- 388520
TI  - Diets and dietary recommendations in ancient Greece and Rome and the school of
      Salerno.

PMID- 388522
TI  - [Viroids: a new type of pathogens in plants (author's transl)].

PMID- 388521
TI  - Similarities and differences between viral and cellular membranes.

PMID- 388523
TI  - [Genetics of killer yeast (author's transl)].

PMID- 388524
TI  - [Stability constants of helix for amino acids (author's transl)].

PMID- 388525
TI  - [Reconstitution and purification of transport systems for organic solutes
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 388526
TI  - [A protein stimulating the activity of RNA polymerase II of Ehrlich ascites tumor
      cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 388527
TI  - [Dental care for cattle. 1].

PMID- 388528
TI  - [Dental care for cattle. 2].

PMID- 388530
TI  - Prostaglandin synthesis by fetal rat bone in vitro: evidence for a role of
      prostacyclin.
AB  - Prostaglandin synthesis by fetal rat bones was examined by thin-layer
      chromatography of culture media after preincubation with labeled arachidonic
      acid. Cultures in rabbit complement (non-heat inactivated serum) were compared
      with cultures in heat-inactivated serum or cultures treated with indomethacin.
      The major complement-dependent products were PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1
      alpha, the metabolite of prostacyclin (PGI2). Since PGI2 had not been previously
      identified in bone its ability to stimulate bone resorption was tested. Repeated
      addition of PGI2 stimulated release of previously incorporated 45Ca from fetal
      rat long bones in both short-term and long-term cultures at concentrations of 10(
      5) to 10(-9)M. Because of the short half life of PGI2 in solution at neutral pH,
      we tested a sulfur analog, thiaprostacyclin (S-PGI2) which was found to be a
      stimulator of bone resorption at concentrations of 10(-5) to 10(-6)M. These
      studies suggest that endogenous PGI2 production may play a role in bone
      metabolism. Since vessels produce PGI2 it is possible that PGI2 release may be
      responsible for the frequent association between vascular invasion and resorption
      of bone or calcified cartilage in physiologic remodeling and pathologic
      osteolysis.

PMID- 388529
TI  - Atherosclerosis decreased prostacyclin formation in rabbit lungs and kidneys.
AB  - Metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) was studied in perfused lungs and kidneys of
      normal and atherosclerotic rabbits by determination of PGE2, PGF2 alpha and the
      stable metabolites of PGI2 (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) and TXA2 (TXB2). PGI2 was the main
      AA metabolite formed by normal lungs and kidneys. Atherosclerosis reduced the
      formation of PGI2 by about 50 % in both organs. TXA2 formation was similarily
      decreased in lungs. In kidneys, the decrease in PGI2 formation was accompanied by
      an increase in PGE2 formation.

PMID- 388531
TI  - [Mass food poisoning of bacterial etiology in public health institutions in
      Poland in 1973-1977].

PMID- 388532
TI  - [Molecular basis of insulin action on cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 388533
TI  - [Bezoars of the stomach (author's transl)].

PMID- 388535
TI  - The marginal characteristics of collarless bonded porcelain crowns produced using
      a separating medium technique.

PMID- 388534
TI  - [Effect of chronic action of mercury vapours on the oral cavity (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 388536
TI  - Bibliography on nuclear physics and technology.

PMID- 388537
TI  - [Bone implants. Presentation of a technic for bone conservation in a bank].

PMID- 388538
TI  - [Propranolol in the treatment of glaucoma].

PMID- 388539
TI  - [Present criteria and methods of diagnosis and treatment of ocular tuberculosis].

PMID- 388540
TI  - [Ralph Millard plastic surgery in cleft lip. Local experience with 25 cases
      operated on in 2 years].

PMID- 388541
TI  - [Secondary intolerance to monosaccharides in a diarrheal syndrome with prolonged
      development. Presentation of 10 cases and review of the literature].

PMID- 388542
TI  - [Clinico-epidemiological analysis of an outbreak of Salmonella bredeney infection
      in newborn infants].

PMID- 388543
TI  - [Brief historical report of pediatrics in Chile].

PMID- 388544
TI  - [Characteristics of macular leukoplakia].

PMID- 388545
TI  - [Prophylactic antibiotic therapy in cardiac surgery, broad spectrum versus narrow
      spectrum].

PMID- 388546
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of induction of anesthesia with etomidate].

PMID- 388547
TI  - [The mamma in gynecology (author's transl)].

PMID- 388549
TI  - Support area in lower free end.

PMID- 388548
TI  - [Histologic evaluation of pulp response to cavity lining with polycarboxylate
      cement].

PMID- 388550
TI  - Healing process of the pulp stump and periapical tissues in dog teeth. I.
      Histopathological findings following pulp extirpation.

PMID- 388551
TI  - [Histological observations on dental pulp reaction to silver amalgam
      restorations].

PMID- 388552
TI  - [Morphogenesis and histopathology of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas. Critical
      review of current classification trends].

PMID- 388553
TI  - [Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with extra-lymphnodal localization].

PMID- 388555
TI  - [Clinical classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with special reference to
      staging].

PMID- 388554
TI  - [Extra-lymphnodal pseudolymphoma].

PMID- 388556
TI  - Heat-labile enterotoxin antibodies in calves.
AB  - The presence of antibodies to Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) was
      measured in serum samples collected from 91 calves. Of these animals, 87 per cent
      had detectable levels of anti-LT in a seroneutralisation test performed in the Y1
      adrenal cell time.

PMID- 388557
TI  - A review of the lethal and sub-lethal effects of mercury on aquatic life.

PMID- 388558
TI  - Organolead compounds: environmental health aspects.

PMID- 388559
TI  - [Neural control of cardiac functions (author's transl)].

PMID- 388560
TI  - [Neuronal organization of the circulation center (author's transl)].

PMID- 388561
TI  - [Phage typing of Salmonella typhimurium. Preliminary scheme with locally adapted
      phages].

PMID- 388562
TI  - Growth and toxigenic activities of Clostridium botulinum type A in a molasses
      medium.

PMID- 388563
TI  - [Centennial of "Index Medicus" (author's transl)].

PMID- 388564
TI  - [Medical students in the 1879 War of the Pacific (author's transl)].

PMID- 388565
TI  - [Tribute to Professor Max Westenhofer (author's transl)].

PMID- 388566
TI  - [Recent data on the structure and anomalies of human chromosomes. I. Chromosomal
      pathology].

PMID- 388567
TI  - [Role of prostaglandins in geriatric pathology].

PMID- 388568
TI  - [Studies concerning the improvement of isolation of beta-hemolytic streptococci
      from pharyngeal exudates].

PMID- 388569
TI  - [E. I. Mironescu, an outstanding personality of the medical schools of Jassy. I].

PMID- 388570
TI  - [Claude Bernard on scientific experimentation].

PMID- 388571
TI  - [Clinico-statistical observations on endogenous depressions].

PMID- 388572
TI  - [A tireless fighter for the progress of Romanian psychiatry: Dr. Mircea Bruteanu
      (1882-1957)].

PMID- 388573
TI  - [Nicolae Ionescu-Sisesti, neurologist (1888-1954) (on the 91st anniversary of his
      birth)].

PMID- 388574
TI  - [Prof. Desideriu Miskolczy (1894-1978)].

PMID- 388575
TI  - [Dr. Florica Bagdasar (1901-1978)].

PMID- 388576
TI  - [Dr. Horia Radu].

PMID- 388577
TI  - [Erective impotence: psychological aspects].

PMID- 388578
TI  - [Surgical aspects of the alteration, preservation and restoration of sexual
      function in males].

PMID- 388580
TI  - [Specific details in the defense of the respiratory apparatus against Koch's
      bacillus].

PMID- 388579
TI  - [Homage to Professor F, Cardis].

PMID- 388581
TI  - [Physiologic and functional indications for anatomic teeth in complete dentures].

PMID- 388583
TI  - [Original technic of micro-retention for prosthetic restorations and dental
      stabilization].

PMID- 388582
TI  - [Surgical microscope (SM) in dentistry].

PMID- 388584
TI  - [Treatment of sliding hiatal hernia by hiatoplasty and esophagofundogastropexy.
      Experience of 179 cases].

PMID- 388585
TI  - [Renal transplant in children].

PMID- 388586
TI  - [Prostaglandins].

PMID- 388587
TI  - [Technical aspects of the surgical treatment of varicose veins].

PMID- 388588
TI  - [Strongyloidiasis and intestinal malabsorption].

PMID- 388589
TI  - [Current status and prospects in the diagnosis and epidemiology of streptococcal
      infections].
AB  - In the first part of the paper the author stresses the importance, and the
      necessity of laboratory investigation of streptococcal infections, in view of the
      establishment of the clinical and of the etiologic diagnosis, for assessing the
      efficiency of the treatment applied, for monitoring the recovery of patients, as
      well as of chronic patients, and for the prevention, and detection of late
      complications. The complex methodology of laboratory methods of diagnosis in
      streptococcal infections is presented, stressing the use, and the efficiency of
      micromethods and of rapid techniques for diagnosis. In the second part of the
      paper are presented a series of data concerning the epidemiology of streptococcal
      infecstions in our country, as well as in other countries, with reference to
      various forms of the acute disease, and of late complications, stressing some
      particular aspects of the streptococcal infection. Morbidity indexes are
      presented, as well as death rates for scarlet fever, acute rheumatic fever and
      rheumatic cardiopathies, as well as the incidence of different serologic groups
      of the haemolytic type, and the fluctuation of group A serotypes, which have been
      prevalent over the last years in our country. In view of lowering the morbidity
      the author recommends an extensive surveillance, organized along the lines of a
      primary prophylaxis program, as well as of a secondary program of streptococcal
      infections in high-risk collectivities.

PMID- 388591
TI  - Immune complexes in schistosomiasis. VI--Circulating IC levels in patients with
      and without nephropathy.

PMID- 388590
TI  - [Bacteriological diagnosis of infections caused by group B streptococci].

PMID- 388592
TI  - [Infection by varicella-zoster virus in patients with renal allotransplants].

PMID- 388593
TI  - New bioassay for screening immunotoxic agents.
AB  - A new bioassay for evaluation of compounds potentially toxic for the immune
      system is described. It is suitable for the measurement of enhancement of primary
      antibody response and of enhancement and inhibition of memory development in
      vivo. It utilizes immunoenzymatic techniques which can readily be automated and
      thus allow the screening of many compounds at relatively low cost. It can provide
      answers regarding the safety or danger of each compound tested within 30-45 days.

PMID- 388594
TI  - The Crithidia luciliae test in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Fluorescence of the kinetoplast of Crithidia luciliae was employed as a test to
      detect anti-DNA antibodies in 179 serum samples from 95 patients with various
      immunological diseases. The test was positive only in patients with systemic
      lupus erythematosus (SLE). The results confirm the high specificity of this test
      in the diagnosis of SLE.

PMID- 388595
TI  - [Root planing in the initial preparation for the management of periodontal
      diseases, with special reference to its damaging effects on the tooth surface].

PMID- 388596
TI  - [Post-pill amenorrhea. Analysis of the literature and a clinical contribution].

PMID- 388597
TI  - [Therapeutic management of post-pill amenorrhea].

PMID- 388598
TI  - [Electromyographic test of double stimulation in the diagnosis of myasthenia:
      recent case contribution and physiopathologic interpretation].

PMID- 388599
TI  - [Holoprosencephaly and agenesis of the corpus callosum. Contribution to the study
      of dysraphia].

PMID- 388600
TI  - [Efficacy and side-effects of long term L-dopa therapy in Parkinsonian syndromes
      (evaluated by CT scan as well) (author's transl)].
AB  - The evolution of symptoms and therapeutic response in a group of have been
      followed parkinsonian patients 81 for a period of 4 years. Hoehn and Yahr, and
      Webster's scales have been used. In addition CT scan, EEG, ECG, blood and urine
      analyses have been carried out. Treatment was carried out with L-Dopa and
      decarboxylase inhibitor (benserazide for 50% of cases and carbidopa for the other
      50%). Anticholinergics (esp. metixene) were often required. The initial response
      was satisfactory for all patients except one who had hydrocephalus (with normal
      pressure). Four years later, the initial improvement diminished by about 1/3.
      Side effects occurred in 80.24% of cases in the beginning, and in 82.50% of cases
      after 4 years. Dyskinesias, confusional state and "on-off" phenomenon increased
      with time, whereas gastric trouble diminished. CT scan were obtained in all
      patients and atrophic changes were found in 82.7%. There were no correlations
      between localization and severity of anatomical lesions on the one hand, and
      therapeutic response and side-effects on the other. It is suggested that the
      severity of the disease depends mainly on the degree of neurochemical integrity
      in the affected area rather then to the extent of anatomical lesions.

PMID- 388601
TI  - [Four cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinico-pathological features of 4 cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a
      transmissible virus dementia, are reported. The onset of the disease varied
      between 54 and 81 years of age: the course is dramatic and the demise occurs 1-4
      months after the onset of symptoms. The clinical picture includes mental
      deterioration with amnesia, aphasia, apraxia and neurologic symptoms, mainly
      consisting in progressive rigidity and myoclonus. All cases show the typical
      1/sec pseudorithmic spikes on EEG. Histological changes include severe
      astrocytosis of the cerebral cortex, status spongiosus and mild neuronal loss.
      The changes are more marked in the parieto-occipital lobes. Criteria of clinical
      and pathological diagnosis are reviewed. The precautions to be taken in handling
      biological as well as bioptic and autoptic specimens are emphasized, in order to
      avoid accidental transmission of the disease. It seems essential to institute a
      register of cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Italy to assess the incidence
      and diffusion of the disease in our country.

PMID- 388602
TI  - [Nephrology in 1979].

PMID- 388603
TI  - [Urinary sediment].

PMID- 388604
TI  - [Renal transplantation to-day].

PMID- 388606
TI  - In memoriam Academician D. Miskolozy.

PMID- 388605
TI  - The conception of O. Fodor on chronic hepatitis.

PMID- 388607
TI  - [Etiologic agent of rheumatoid polyarthritis: an hypothesis].

PMID- 388608
TI  - The stimulatory effect of E. coli endotoxin on DNA synthesis in regenerating rat
      liver.

PMID- 388609
TI  - The technical aspects of cochlear implantation.
AB  - The historical development of attempts to provide some hearing ability, in
      totally deaf patients, by electrical stimulation of the cochlear nerve is
      reviewed to the point at which single channel intracochlear electrodes were tried
      in patients. The results obtained with this type of prosthesis are described and
      discussed in terms of the possible physiological mechanisms involved. Results
      obtained from promontory stimulation are also presented as a means of patient
      selection and are compared with the results from intracochlear electrodes. Based
      on these findings, the approaches for the development of multichannel
      intracochlear electrodes and for a single channel electrode with speech
      processing are described. The problems involved with materials, coding, electrode
      isolation and transmission are considered and the current results in these areas
      are detailed. Such results imply that the long-term prospects of developing a
      prosthesis that could provide adequate speech intelligibility are good.

PMID- 388610
TI  - Audiology bibliography.

PMID- 388611
TI  - Method for radiographic assessment of alveolar bone level at endosseous implants
      and abutment teeth.
AB  - A radiographic method expressing the alveolar bone level in absolute figures is
      presented. By means of a calibrated measuring radiographic film fixed to a
      magnifying viewer, alveolar bone levels were determined directly on intraoral
      periodic "identical" radiographs. A polyether impression was made for fixation of
      the filmholder in order to obtain reproducible radiographs. The method was
      applied to assess changes in the alveolar bone level at endosseous implants and
      abutment teeth. Radiographs of 23 endosseous implants and 21 abutment teeth from
      nine patients were examined and measurements of the alveolar bone level were
      performed. The mean difference between double observations on the same exposure
      as well as on repeated exposures was about 0.2 mm (s.d. 0.17-0.32 mm). The
      uncertainty of the present radiographic method was mainly due to the measurement
      procedure, as the radiographic technique showed a high degree of reproducibility.
      The method is a simple and reliable technique for longitudinal investigations of
      changes in the alveolar bone level at endosseous implant and tooth abutments.

PMID- 388612
TI  - Surface analysis of screwposts.
AB  - The content and distribution of metallic ions on the surface of gold-plated brass
      screwposts (Dentatus and MecOdont) were analyzed by X-ray microanalysis. On
      screwposts from one of the manufacturers the protective outer layer of gold was
      found to be localized to specific areas of the posts, i.e. the grooves, while
      unprotected Cu-Zn alloy was found on the ridges. The results are discussed with
      regard to results on root posts published earlier. Screwposts constructed in this
      way would appear to be of doubtful clinical value.

PMID- 388614
TI  - Prevalence of malocclusion in medieval and modern Danes contrasted.
AB  - A comparison was made of frequencies of anomalies of the dentition, occlusion,
      and space conditions for the permanent dentition in the skeletal remains of 278
      medieval Danes and in 1258 contemporary Danes. The congenital anomalies of the
      dentition were equally common in the samples. Extreme maxillary overjet and
      distal molar occlusion, deep bite, and crowding were considerably less frequent
      in the Middle Ages. The frequencies of mesial molar occlusion and crossbite, but
      not that of midline displacement, were higher in the medieval sample, especially
      in the older subjects. It is suggested that the observed differences in
      malocclusion prevalence were related to exogenous factors, primarily the
      pronounced dental attrition.

PMID- 388613
TI  - Assessment of age-at-death from mandibular molar attrition in medieval Danes.
AB  - Stages of occlusal attrition of the permanent mandibular molars were recorded in
      235 Danish medieval skulls, 52 of which were in various states of mixed
      dentition. For the first and second molar, ages at emergence and ages at
      occurrence of the earlier stages of attrition were estimated from the mixed
      dentitions, on the assumptions 1) that the age at eruption of a given number of
      permanent teeth was similar in medieval and contemporary Danish children, and 2)
      that the rate of attrition was similar for the first and second molars.
      Estimation of ages at occurrence of the later attrition stages and of the age at
      third molar emergence was based on percentage frequency distributions of the
      stages of attrition using reiterative calculating procedures. Third molar
      emergence was estimated at the early age of 14 years. It is argued that
      assessments of age-at death could be made fairly accurately for the age range 5
      30 years, and with decreasing accuracy until about 40 years of age.

PMID- 388616
TI  - [Familial medullary cystic kidney with progressive kidney failure].
AB  - The reported case of 2 brothers suffering from medullary sponge kindeys is unique
      in that uremia developed in spite of the absence of urinary tract obstruction,
      infection or hypertension. With the exception of congenital nystagmus and
      psoriasis, none of the extrarenal malformations often associated with medullary
      sponge kidneys was observed.

PMID- 388615
TI  - [Salmonella colitis].
AB  - Salmonella colitis is defined on the basis of 3 case reports and 75 well
      documented cases from the literature. Salmonella colitis is an acute ulcerative
      colitis occurring in enteric salmonellosis. There is complete clinical and
      endoscopic remission within 4--8 weeks and no relapse. The disease is to be
      distinguished from idiopathic ulcerative colitis in a salmonella carrier state.
      The difficulties of this differential diagnosis are demonstrated in a further
      case report.

PMID- 388617
TI  - Viroid discovery.

PMID- 388618
TI  - Keilin's respiratory chain concept and its chemiosmotic consequences.

PMID- 388620
TI  - Seminars in nuclear medicine.

PMID- 388619
TI  - Spontaneous diabetes mellitus: reversal and prevention in the BB/W rat with
      antiserum to rat lymphocytes.
AB  - Injections of rabbit antiserum to rat lymphocytes reversed hyperglycemia in 36
      percent of spontaneously diabetic rats (Bio Breeding/Worcester) and prevented
      diabetes in susceptible nondiabetic controls. These findings strengthen the
      hypothesis that cell-mediated autoimmunity plays a role in the pathogenesis of
      diabetes in this animal model that mimics many morpholigic and physiologic
      characteristics of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 388621
TI  - E.R.N. Grigg, radiologist-historian.

PMID- 388622
TI  - The history of the use of radioactive iodine.

PMID- 388623
TI  - The 24-hour thyroidal uptake test.

PMID- 388624
TI  - History of external counting procedures.

PMID- 388625
TI  - Radioassays.

PMID- 388626
TI  - Solomon A. Berson--a brief biography.

PMID- 388627
TI  - The history of lung imaging with radionuclides.

PMID- 388628
TI  - Tumor-localizing radionuclides in retrospect and prospect.

PMID- 388629
TI  - An historical survey of bone scanning.

PMID- 388630
TI  - A history of computers in nuclear medicine.

PMID- 388632
TI  - The notorious decontamination caper.

PMID- 388633
TI  - Updating the epidemiologic data on pancreatic cancer.

PMID- 388635
TI  - Radiologic diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

PMID- 388631
TI  - Radionuclide tomography.

PMID- 388634
TI  - Endoscopic evaluation of cancer of the pancreas.

PMID- 388636
TI  - Newer imaging techniques for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

PMID- 388637
TI  - Chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer.

PMID- 388639
TI  - HLA alloantigens: disease association and biologic significance.

PMID- 388638
TI  - Anatomy of the immune system.

PMID- 388640
TI  - Immunodiagnosis and immunopathogenesis of the X-linked recessive
      lymphoproliferative syndrome.

PMID- 388641
TI  - Medical hazards of drug abuse.

PMID- 388643
TI  - [Surgical treatment of recent burns].

PMID- 388642
TI  - Radiation-induced sarcomas of bone.
AB  - Historically, the literature reveals that the incidence of radiation induced bone
      sarcomas is very low. Details related to epidemiology cannot be identified,
      however, because of the difficulty of identifying precisely the patient
      population at risk for development of the radiation induced sarcoma. The change
      in character of practice in cancer management with ever increasing numbers of
      patients receiving both radiation therapy and chemotherapy should alert
      physicians to the potential for increased incidence of this rare and unusual
      tumor.

PMID- 388644
TI  - [Elementary surgical principles in recent burns and their sequelae].

PMID- 388645
TI  - [On the 60th birthday of Dr. Svatopluk Loyka].

PMID- 388646
TI  - Subclavian steal: review of the clinical manifestations.

PMID- 388647
TI  - Modern chemotherapy in the management of testicular tumors.

PMID- 388648
TI  - Value of cultures in patients with acute cellulitis.
AB  - A retrospective review of blood and wound cultures obtained from adult patients
      admitted for acute cellulitis revealed positive culture rates of 0.77% of 86%
      respectively. Organisms from wound cultures were predominantly Staphylococcus
      aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. The majority of our patients were otherwise
      healthy. Our study suggests that blood cultures are not necessary in acute
      cellulitis in adults without serious underlying diseases.

PMID- 388649
TI  - Relationship of neonatal pneumonia to maternal urinary and neonatal isolates of
      group B streptococci.
AB  - Of 1,500 consecutive deliveries, there were 41 term infants with suspected sepsis
      in association with a positive culture for group B streptococci (GBS) from either
      the infant soon after birth, or the mother's urine routinely collected three days
      postpartum. A statistically higher incidence of pneumonia was found in these
      infants as compared to matched controls. Infants born to mothers with GBS in the
      urine had a high incidence of suspected sepsis (43.6%) as well as a high
      incidence of pneumonia (38.6%). We conclude that term infants colonized at birth
      with GBS or born to mothers with GBS isolated from their urine are at high risk
      of having pneumonia.

PMID- 388650
TI  - Reduction of myocardial ischemic injury and left ventricular dysfunction by
      vasodilator therapy.

PMID- 388651
TI  - Pemphigus vulgaris and lymphoma in a patient with scleroderma.
AB  - The coexistence of scleroderma and malignancy is well documented. The case
      presented here is unique, however, as it is the first report of the occurrence of
      diffuse histiocytic lymphoma and pemphigus vulgaris in a patient with
      scleroderma. Because of this unusual triad of diseases, the possibility of a
      common pathogenetic basis was examined. A review of the literature confirms that
      each disorder does have immunologic abnormalities. It is suggested that an
      aberrant immune response, specifically impaired T-cell function, is responsible
      for the emergence of disease of this patient.

PMID- 388652
TI  - Gold-induced thrombocytopenia responsive to cyclophosphamide.
AB  - Thrombocytopenia and nephrotic syndrome developed in a 51-year-old patient
      receiving gold therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Marrrow findings and platelet
      infusion studies were consistent with a pattern of increased platelet
      destruction, known to occur in gold-induced thrombocytopenia. Improvement in the
      platelet count after therapy with dimercaprol was transient, and although
      steroids and splenectomy were not effective, a response was achieved with
      cyclophosphamide. The use of immunosuppressive drugs can be considered in
      refractory cases of gold-induced thrombocytopenia in which a significant
      hemorrhagic risk is present.

PMID- 388653
TI  - Satellitism in Hemophilus parainfluenzae cultures.

PMID- 388654
TI  - [Development of Soviet public health].

PMID- 388655
TI  - [Formation of socialist public health in Ternopol Province].

PMID- 388656
TI  - [Memorial museums for outstanding activists in Russian and Soviet medicine].

PMID- 388657
TI  - [Author dissertation abstracts in social hygiene, public health organization,
      health statistics and the history of medicine published in 1976 and 1977].

PMID- 388658
TI  - [Social hygiene problems of scientific and technical progress].

PMID- 388659
TI  - [Importance of the orders of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany for
      the building of socialist public health in the GDR].

PMID- 388660
TI  - [Basic stages in the development of health protection for children in the USSR].

PMID- 388661
TI  - [New pages in the biography of the 1st People's Commissar of Public Health, N. A.
      Semashko].

PMID- 388663
TI  - [1st women physicians of prerevolutionary Chuvashia and their public activities].

PMID- 388662
TI  - [Participation of the teachers and students of the Medical Faculty of Vilnius
      University in the revolutionary movement (on the 400th anniversary of the
      university)].

PMID- 388664
TI  - [Clinico-mathematical analysis of characteristics of psychopathological symptoms
      in deaf patients].

PMID- 388665
TI  - [Sergei Sergeevich Korsakov (1854--1900)].

PMID- 388666
TI  - [Heterozygote detection in hepatolenticular degeneration].

PMID- 388667
TI  - [Alcoholism and the endocrine system].

PMID- 388669
TI  - [Vadim Vladimirovich Mikheev (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 388668
TI  - [From the history of folk medicine in Russia].

PMID- 388670
TI  - [Pyocyaneus infection in surgery].

PMID- 388671
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the small intestine].

PMID- 388672
TI  - [The 1st female doctor. On the 100th anniversary of her graduation].

PMID- 388674
TI  - [Early excision of burns].

PMID- 388673
TI  - [Dr. Vasilije Jovanovic (Aug. 28, 1912 - Dec. 9, 1978)].

PMID- 388675
TI  - [Reconstruction of lost soft tissue of the hand following injuries].

PMID- 388676
TI  - [Unusual method of functional restoration of defects of dorsal aponeurosis of the
      fingers].

PMID- 388677
TI  - [3 successful sutures in the heart].

PMID- 388679
TI  - The rapid diagnosis of urinary tract infection: a side-room method.
AB  - A controlled trial of a rapid method for microscopic examination of the urine for
      organisms is reported. The method achieved results as accurate as those of semi
      quantitative culture, at minimal cost. It is easy enough to be learned by
      medically untrained staff, and results are available within 10 minutes. This
      rapid availability of results makes it possible to prescribe more appropriately
      at the initial consultation.

PMID- 388678
TI  - Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting by domperidone: A double-blind
      randomized study using domperidone, metoclopramide and a placebo.
AB  - One hundred and ninety-five female patients of child-bearing age were assessed
      for postoperative vomiting in a double-blind trial using domperidone,
      metoclopramide and placebo. Compared with placebo, both drugs were found to
      reduce vomiting in approximately half the patients who had undergone caesarean
      section. However, in the group of non-obstetric patients, no statistically
      significant difference as regards vomiting was shown.

PMID- 388680
TI  - Medical philately: The pen and the scalpel -- the story of medicine and
      literature.
AB  - The medical profession has always been prominent in the cultural life of the
      community. Many doctors have been able to carry out their professional duties as
      well as actively to pursue their outside interests. Some have abandoned their
      medicine altogether -- they have been called 'medical truants'. Literature and
      medicine have always been closely associated, and a number of literary doctors
      who have appeared on stamps are presented in this article.

PMID- 388681
TI  - Utility of the FTA-Abs test of cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis of
      neurosyphilis.

PMID- 388682
TI  - Inhibition of Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale) by metronidazole,
      tetracycline, and ampicillin.
AB  - The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ampicillin, tetracycline, and
      metronidazole for 71 strains of Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale)
      were compared by use of an agar-dilution method and an inoculum of 10(6)
      organisms/ml. All strains were sensitive to 1 microgram of ampicillin/ml, 70% to
      4 micrograms of tetracycline/ml, and only 13% of the strains to 8 micrograms of
      metronidazole/ml. Under anaerobic conditions the susceptibility to metronidazole
      increased markedly, and 48% of the strains were inhibited by 8 micrograms/ml. In
      determinations of MICs in broth cultures, reduction of the inoculum size to 10(4)
      organisms/ml increased susceptibilities to metronidazole and tetracycline,
      whereas incubation of 48 hr instead of 24 hr decreased susceptibilities to these
      two drugs. Minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were generally two- to
      fourfold greater than the MICs for the three drugs. The results demonstrate that
      anaerobic conditions, inoculum size, and duration of incubation influence the
      susceptibility of H. vaginalis to antibiotics in vitro.

PMID- 388683
TI  - The demonstration of spirochetes in syphilitic blood.

PMID- 388684
TI  - Social stratification, sexual behavior, and the sexually transmitted diseases.

PMID- 388685
TI  - Recent advances in the pathogenesis and control of massive upper gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage.

PMID- 388687
TI  - The radiation-injured bowel.
AB  - Radiation disease of the intestine is usually iatrogenic and frequently
      unavoidable. The disease, its treatment, and the disability produced are
      formidable. There is hope that means may be found to increase the resistance of
      the intestine to radiation damage. Radiation enteropathy is an insidious,
      progressive disease that is seen with increasing frequency. Serious disabilities
      may develop after years of gestation. Those patients who require surgery are
      treated by control of sepsis, correction of metabolic abnormalities, and reversal
      of protein/calorie malnutrition prior to definitive surgery. The treatment of
      choice is resection with anastomosis, but recurrences may occur many years later
      in intestine grossly normal at the time of surgery.

PMID- 388686
TI  - Chemotherapy and cancer of the gastrointestinal tract.
AB  - Less than 40 percent of all carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract will be
      controlled by the current modalities of treatment. Early diagnosis and
      appropriate surgical resection are still the only rational and effective approach
      to the control of this cancer. The tremendous strides in cancer chemotherapy in
      the management of leukemia, children's solid tumors, and neoplasms of lymphoid
      origin have not been evident in the management of gastrointestinal carcinoma.
      Extensive clinical trials with single agents and various drug combinations have
      resulted so far in partial response rates. Adjuvant chemotherapy to surgical
      resection has also failed to alter the natural course of the disease and,
      therefore, to establish its benefits in a series of projective randomized
      studies. Only continued research in cancer cell biology and basic and clinical
      pharmacology with carefully controlled therapeutic trials with new agents will
      eventually lead to the more effective use of chemotherapy in management of
      gastrointesinal cancer.

PMID- 388688
TI  - Tracheal reconstruction.

PMID- 388690
TI  - Management of structural scoliosis.

PMID- 388689
TI  - Management of convulsions in surgical patients.

PMID- 388692
TI  - Renovascular hypertension: 1979.

PMID- 388691
TI  - Intracranial injuries. New methodology in diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 388693
TI  - Computers and the surgeon--a matter of decision.

PMID- 388694
TI  - Intersex problems: their clinical recognition, evaluation, and management. With a
      review of 47 patients.

PMID- 388695
TI  - Reflections upon the lower esophagus.

PMID- 388696
TI  - Gastric bypass for morbid obesity.

PMID- 388697
TI  - Delayed primary renal function and cadaver renal allograft results.

PMID- 388699
TI  - A historical perspective of the floor of the mouth.

PMID- 388698
TI  - Sacrofixation with Marlex mesh in massive prolapse of the rectum.
AB  - Rectal fixation to the sacrum is considered the most rational operation in the
      surgical treatment of massive or complete prolapse of the rectum, since it
      eliminates the anatomic defect which is fundamental in the pathogenesis of this
      disease. Many techniques have been used to join the posterior wall of the rectum
      to the sacrum, ranging from the use of simple sutures with nonabsorbable material
      to prosthetic materials, such as Teflon sheets or Ivalon, polyvinyl, sponges
      which are placed around the rectum and attached to the sacrum. A variant consists
      of using Marlex mesh instead of Teflon. In an experience with 24 patients, only
      one patient died postoperatively. In a follow-up period of ten years, no
      recurrences have been observed in any of the remaining patients.

PMID- 388700
TI  - Endocrine tumors of the pancreas.
AB  - The identification and description of a widely dispersed group of cells of common
      origin and biochemical characteristics, APUD cells, has allowed a better
      understanding and classification of endocrine tumors of the pancreas. Similarly,
      it has enabled the relationships between the endocrine tumors of the multiple
      endocrine neoplasia type I syndrome and the endocrine tumors of the pancreas to
      be better appreciated. This has facilitated both diagnosis and management of
      these conditions. The pluripotentiality of the cells of the APUD system combined
      with the certain existence of many unidentified peptides suggests the likelihood
      of other undescribed pancreatic endocrine tumors. Many of these are probably part
      of the heterogenous group of neoplasms currently designated as carcinoids, since
      their secretory products and exact cell types are not known. The recognition of
      the physiologic characteristics and cells of origin of these peptides, amines or
      other bioactive agents will allow delineation of the symptom complex and the
      identification of further functional tumors of the pancreas. The development of
      plasma radioimmunoassays for the various hormones and the appreciation of the
      specific clinical syndromes related to each tumor have enabled earlier diagnosis.
      The understanding of the hormonal physiopathologic functions has led to the
      evolution of specific therapeutic maneuvers. Provocative tests have allowed
      increased precision of the differential diagnosis, while selective arteriography
      and pancreatic venous sampling have greatly enhanced the accuracy of topical
      localization. The role of operation in tumor removal is still prominent, but
      malignant and recurrent tumors may now also be controlled with specific
      pharmacotherapy or appropriate endocrine cytotoxic agents. The use of peptides
      with antagonistic actions or the administration of specific antibodies to the
      active tumor products are areas of therapy that require further exploration.

PMID- 388701
TI  - Consideration and implications of tumor antigenic expression.
AB  - This review is an attempt to simplify the myriad descriptions of tumor antigens,
      by considering such antigens in the perspective of their mechanisms of formation.
      We believe that most and possibly all tumor antigens previously described and
      currently under study will ultimately fit into one of the categories discussed in
      this article, since there are only a finite number of biochemical mechanisms for
      producing new antigens in any cell--cancerous or otherwise. Pragmatically, we
      view the vagaries of expression of tumor antigens as among their most important
      properties, and the search for tumor antigens has in fact opened a Pandora's box
      of molecular variability. Large tumor masses consisting of multiple subclones
      with different karyotypes, chromosomal anomalies and mutations would appear to be
      capable of expressing a motley group of tumor antigens. To the best of our
      knowledge, no tumor antigen has been shown to be necessary and causal in
      transformation, except in virally-induced tumors. The presence of tumor antigens
      appears to be coincidental and reflects dedifferentiation and karyotypic,
      metabolic and nutritional variations occurring in tumors. Undoubtedly, some
      antigens may give a tumor a selective advantage of growth, metabolism or
      metastatic potential, but many antigens may simply reflect the vagaries of the
      tumor cell. The intratumor and intertumor variations of tumor antigens, their
      mechanisms of origin and their rather uncanny capabilities to change their
      phenotype--antigen expression--secondary to environmental selection during tumor
      expansion or following therapy should be kept in mind when tumor antigens and
      immunotherapy are considered.

PMID- 388703
TI  - Indocyanine green clearance in critically ill patients.
AB  - Forty-two consecutive patients were observed with the use of various biochemical
      and physiologic parameters. Attention was focused upon liver function, using
      serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin
      determinations as well as the plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine green. No
      difference was noted in serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, alkaline
      phosphatase and bilirubin levels between survivors and nonsurvivors. However,
      there was a significant difference between these two groups as measured by the
      plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine green. A distinct cut-off point was
      present, and no survivor ever had a plasma disappearance rate of less than 6 per
      cent per minute.

PMID- 388702
TI  - Thoracic duct drainage before and after cadaveric kidney transplantation.
AB  - Twenty-seven consecutive recipients of cadaveric kidneys, including five with pre
      existing warm cytotoxic antibodies, were treated with thoracic duct drainage
      before and after transplantation. Fourteen patients who had lymph drainage for 26
      to 58 days before transplantation had minor cytotoxic antibody responses after
      grafting, even if the antibodies had been present before therapy. Only one of the
      14 recipients had any rejection during the follow-up periods of one to six
      months. There were two deaths. The 13 patients pretreated for 17 to 23 days
      exhibited stronger cytotoxic antibody responsiveness, and five of these
      recipients had significant rejections of which four were reversible. One of the
      latter 13 patients died. These clinical and immunologic studies have established
      the value and have defined the appropriate timing of preoperative thoracic duct
      drainage in kidney transplantation. They have also directed attention to the
      rationale andthe probable value of using other immunosuppressive methods for
      preparatory host conditioning instead of beginning such therapy at the time of
      transplantation.

PMID- 388704
TI  - Porcine heterograft dressings for split-thickness graft donor sites.
AB  - As compared with previous methods of donor site care, procine heterograft
      dressings allow the donor site to heal faster, require less postoperative care,
      are associated with a lower infection rate and eliminate virtually all of the
      pain of the split-thickness wound. Our experience supports that of others. We
      believe our modifications of this technique to be superior to previous modalities
      of donor site care.

PMID- 388705
TI  - Unanswered mysteries in the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.

PMID- 388706
TI  - Treatment of carcinoma of the breast.

PMID- 388707
TI  - [Neoplasms of the heart].

PMID- 388708
TI  - [In memory of Aleksander Efimovich Babukhin].

PMID- 388709
TI  - [Pseudotuberculosis and yersiniosis in man].

PMID- 388710
TI  - [Study of the condition of the interventricular septum in various cardiovascular
      diseases by means of echocardiography].

PMID- 388711
TI  - [Liubov' Trofimovna Malaia (on her 60th birthday)].

PMID- 388712
TI  - [Effectiveness of long-term preventive hypotensive therapy in a controlled
      trial].

PMID- 388713
TI  - [Genetic counseling by the family doctor (author's transl)].

PMID- 388714
TI  - Theophylline-7-acetic acid: lack of absorption and therapeutic effectiveness.
AB  - A double-blind cross-over trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of
      oral theophylline-7-acetic acid (T7AA) in 13 asthmatic patients. Pulmonary
      function tests showed no difference between T7AA and placebo. No T7AA or
      theophylline was found in the sera of these patients or of healthy volunteers who
      took T7AA tablets or syrup.

PMID- 388716
TI  - Human platelet actin: surface expression after platelet activation.

PMID- 388715
TI  - Constrictive pericarditis resulting from the transpulmonary migration of an
      inhaled nail.

PMID- 388717
TI  - Prostacyclin activity is diminished in different types of morphologically
      controlled human atherosclerotic lesions.

PMID- 388718
TI  - VIIIR; Ag in platelets from patients with various forms of von Willebrand's
      disease.
AB  - Thirty patients with various forms of von Willebrand's disease were investigated
      for VIIIR:Ag in their platelets. VIIIR:Ag was extracted from washed platelets and
      measured both with electroimmunoassay and a sensitive immunoradiometric assay.
      Six patients had severe von Willebrand's disease, type I, with very low or no
      VIIIR:Ag in their plasma. None of these patients had any VIIIR:Ag detectable in
      their platelets. All 19 patients with mild von Willebrand's disease had VIIIR:Ag
      in their platelets but the values often fell below those of normal controls. Five
      patients with genetic variants of von Willebrand's disease also had values in
      their platelets corresponding to those in plasma.

PMID- 388719
TI  - Generation of a PGI2-like activity by deendothelialized rat aorta.
AB  - We have tested a platelet aggregation inhibitor in the incubation fluid of
      deendothelialized fragments of the rat aorta and compared it with that of
      "intact" fragments. Some of the properties of the aortic inhibitor, and its
      effects on platelet adhesion to collagen fibrils, on platelet factor-3 (PF-3)
      availability, and on the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and
      thrombin time (TT) were also evaluated in comparison with similar effects exerted
      by PGI2. We found that the incubation fluid of deendothelialized aortic samples
      contained inhibitor activity comparable with that of "intact" samples. The aortic
      inhibitor had similar properties to PGI2. The aortic inhibitor and PGI2 slightly
      inhibited light transmission changes of EDTA-PRP following exposure to collagen.
      However, scanning electron microscopy showed no appreciable difference in
      platelet adhesion to collagen fibrils. PGI2 and the aortic inhibitor inhibited
      Kaolin-induced PF-3 availability, but did not prolong the APTT or TT.

PMID- 388720
TI  - Evidence for the mechanism by which eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits human platelet
      aggregation and secretion - implications for the prevention of vascular disease.

PMID- 388721
TI  - [New light on the life and tragic death of Semmelweis].

PMID- 388722
TI  - Biological activity of silatranes.

PMID- 388723
TI  - The effects of barbituric acid and 5-nitro barbituric acid on glycemic responses
      and in vitro insulin release in mice.

PMID- 388724
TI  - Effects of pretreatment with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the capacity
      of hepatic and extrahepatic mouse tissues to convert procarcinogens to mutagens
      for Salmonella typhimurium auxotrophs.

PMID- 388725
TI  - [Detection of herpetic infection in recurrent aphthous and chronic stomatitis].

PMID- 388726
TI  - [Results of using removable splint prostheses in treating parodontosis].

PMID- 388727
TI  - [Determination of increased sensitivity to the metals that make up alloys for
      dental prosthesis].

PMID- 388729
TI  - [Vladimir Zevel'evich Libarskii (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 388728
TI  - [Inflammatory complications in mandibular fractures and their prevention (a
      review of the Soviet and foreign literature for 1958-1977)].

PMID- 388730
TI  - [First foreign and Bulgarian dentists after liberation (1878-1903)].

PMID- 388734
TI  - [Short history of the first Bulgarian patent in the field of dentistry].

PMID- 388733
TI  - [Surgical therapy of habitual lower jaw luxation].

PMID- 388732
TI  - [Failures in the technology of chromium-nickel alloys in dentistry].

PMID- 388731
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of abbreviated orthopedic therapy method with bridgelike
      prosthesis].

PMID- 388735
TI  - [Dental care in Bulgaria after the liberation, "folk dental healers" and
      "dentists"].

PMID- 388736
TI  - [Prof. Dr. med. Hans-Jurgen Eichhorn's 60th birthday].

PMID- 388737
TI  - Topical prostacyclin (PGI2) inhibits platelet aggregation in pial venules of the
      mouse.
AB  - Local application of prostacyclin (PGI2) to cerebral (pial) microvessels,
      inhibited the aggregation of platelets induced in the vessels by exposing them to
      a filtered mercury light source following intravenous sodium fluorescein. The
      inhibition was consistantly observed in venules rather than arterioles and was
      manifest by a lengthening of the time required for the noxious stimulus to
      produce an initial aggregate, and/or by a lengthening of the time required for
      enlarging aggregates to totally block the venule. The consistency of the
      inhibition diminished at doses below 100 microgram/ml. Inhibition was observed
      whether or not alcohol was used as the vehicle for PGI2 and whether or not the
      body temperature of the anesthetized mouse was permitted to fall.

PMID- 388738
TI  - Treatment of aphasia following stroke.

PMID- 388739
TI  - [Filling materials binding to the dentin wall].

PMID- 388740
TI  - [Gingival diseases and bacterial flora found in tooth and gingiva smears in
      examined primary schoolchildren].

PMID- 388741
TI  - [Pain and thermal insult during tooth grinding].

PMID- 388742
TI  - [Attachments application in dental prosthetic rehabilitation of traumatic damage
      of the masticatory apparatus].

PMID- 388744
TI  - [Cast core production by modification of the blue wax direct impression method].

PMID- 388743
TI  - [Historic development of drills in dentistry].

PMID- 388745
TI  - [Clinical and histopathologic diagnosis of pulpitis].

PMID- 388746
TI  - [Comparative study of the clinical and pathohistological picture of pulpitis].

PMID- 388747
TI  - [Gnatho-dynamometric analysis of dental prosthesis functional values].

PMID- 388748
TI  - [Partial removable plate denture from the aspect of caries and periodontal
      diseases].

PMID- 388750
TI  - [Applied psychology in dentistry].

PMID- 388749
TI  - [Significance of yeasts and Actinomyces in the etiology and pathogenesis of
      caries in school children of SR Bosnia-Herzegovina].

PMID- 388751
TI  - [Closed head injury in boxers (clinical and forensic medical data)].

PMID- 388752
TI  - [Establishment of the species classification of blood and the expertise of
      discharges by using a laser indicator of immunological reactions].

PMID- 388753
TI  - Exposure to lead in ancient populations.

PMID- 388754
TI  - Making therapeutic decisions with protopharmacologic evidence.

PMID- 388755
TI  - William T. Bovie, inventor and teacher.

PMID- 388756
TI  - The Siamese twins of Santo Domingo.

PMID- 388757
TI  - Anti-Kell (K1) in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
AB  - A transiently occurring anti-Kell antibody was observed in a 2 1/2-year-old child
      who had idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura after recovery from an upper
      respiratory tract infection. The antibody was probably of the IgM class. There
      was no history of prior blood transfusion.

PMID- 388758
TI  - Use of cyclophosphamide and enhancing serum to suppress renal allograft rejection
      in the rat.
AB  - Cyclophosphamide was tested for its interaction with passive enhancement in
      suppressing the rejection of kidney allografts in the (DA x Lewis)F1 to Lewis rat
      strain. Dose response studies with cyclophosphamide showed that 10 mg/kg/day for
      14 days was necessary for complete suppression of rejection and indefinite graft
      survival. Doses of 5 and 3.5 mg/kg/day had only a marginal effect on graft
      function and survival, although the lymphocytotoxin response to the graft was
      completely or very substantially suppressed by these smaller doses. The use of
      passive enhancement with cyclophosphamide at the 5- and 3.5-mg/kg/day doses
      resulted in a favourable interaction with improved graft function and survival.
      Interestingly, passive enhancement in combination with 5 mg/kg/day of
      cyclophosphamide resulted in indefinite graft survival only if cyclophosphamide
      was given for 28 days. If cyclophosphamide was given for 14 days, rejection was
      suppressed only during the period of cyclophosphamide treatment.

PMID- 388759
TI  - Significance of HLA matching in renal transplantation. A prospective one-center
      study of 485 transplants matched or mismatched for HLA-A, B, C, D, and DR
      antigens.
AB  - Matching for HLA haplotypes as well as for HLA-A and B antigens improved graft
      survival in 112 living related first transplants. In cadaveric first transplants,
      matching for HLA-A and B antigens had a beneficial effect on the fate of 373
      grafts, while matching for HLA-C antigens had no predictive value. One hundred
      seventeen cadaveric transplants and their recipients were prospectively typed for
      the HLA-DR antigens. Compatibility for HLA-DR was found to be prognostically
      beneficial irrespective of matching for HLA-A and B antigens, and with no
      difference between transfused and nontransfused patients. Matching both for HLA-A
      , B and D/DR was thus found to influence the outcome of renal transplantation.

PMID- 388760
TI  - Resolution and relapse of osteopetrosis in mice transplanted with myeloid tissue
      of variable histocompatibility.
AB  - Osteopetrotic microphthalmic mice (mi/mi) were treated by injections of
      suspensions of myeloid tissue, newborns i.p., and weanlings i.v. Donated
      syngeneic material effected permanent cure of oteopetrosis provided that the dose
      was large enough (10(8) cells of bone marrow). H-2-compatible allogeneic bone
      marrow was initially as effective, but relapse ensued in immunocompetent mice. H
      2-incompatible marrow was ineffecitve except in one set of newborn tolerant mice.
      Total body X-radiation in sublethal doses to recipients allowed permanent cure
      with H-2-compatible, and, in one circumstance, with H-2-incompatible marrow in
      smaller doses. The best results were obtained after lethal irradiation and the
      smaller dose of marrow. Results were checked by chromosome assay demonstrating
      that cure or relapse was correlated with permanent take or rejection,
      respectively, of a transplant in a recipient's bone marrow. Retention of donor
      lymphocytes alone was not associated with effective bony resorption; the
      candidate cell line for effectiveness remains the haematopoietic stem cell
      monocyte-tissue phagocyte.

PMID- 388761
TI  - Use of antithymocyte globulin (dose by rosette protocol) in pediatric renal
      allograft recipients.
AB  - Total rosette-forming cells (TRFCs) and percentage of rosette-forming cell (RFC)
      levels were measured in patients undergoing dialysis and in recipients following
      renal transplantation. The percentage of RFCs of the dialysis patients was not
      different from the percentage of RFCs of normal subjects, whereas the TRFCs were
      significantly lower in the dialysis patients. After transplantation, the
      percentage of RFCs and TRFCs was significantly lower in recipients treated with
      antithymocyte globulin (ATG) than in those of the control group; however, there
      was no difference in allograft survival between the ATG-treated and control
      recipients when using ATG in the dose by rosette protocol.

PMID- 388762
TI  - Antithymocyte globulin (ATGAM) in renal allograft recipients. Multicenter trials
      using a 14-dose regimen.
AB  - Antithymocyte globulin (ATG, ATGAM; The Upjohn Company) was tested for efficacy
      and safety in controlled studies in 358 renal allograft recipients. A total of
      183 patients were treated according to protocols prescribing 14 daily doses of
      ATG in addition to standard immunosuppressive therapy with azathioprine and
      prednisone, while 175 controls received no ATG. Four ATG lots were tested;
      results with each lot were analyzed separately, and the data were also pooled to
      obtain an overall impression. ATG delayed the onset of the first rejection
      episode during the prescribed treatment period (2 weeks). Concurrently, less i.v.
      steroid was required, but the steroid dosage requirement then rebounded in the 2
      weeks after the end of the prescribed treatment period. ATG did not significantly
      improve the proportion of patients alive with functioning grafts 6 months after
      transplant, except with one of the four lots.

PMID- 388763
TI  - Early anuria prevention in human kidney transplantation. Advantage of fluid load
      under pulmonary arterial pressure monitoring during surgical period.
AB  - In human kidney transplantation, a high blood flow established through the graft
      immediately upon clamp release is usually associated with immediate satisfactory
      renal function. One hundred consecutive kidney transplant patients were thus
      provided with a large volume of fluid during surgery. To avoid pulmonary edema,
      fluid load was given under mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) monitoring, and
      controlled ventilation was maintained during the early postoperative period.
      Whether initial PAP value was within normal range or elevated, all patients
      required an equivalent fluid load to reach the best hemodynamic condition upon
      clamp removal. The mean intraoperative fluid load consisted of 2406 +/- 968 ml of
      water with 22.8 +/- 9.4 g of sodium chloride, 5.9 +/- 1.8 units of albumin, and
      2.6 +/- 1.8 units of packed red blood cells. Immediately before clamp release
      patients were given furosemide and mannitol. During the postoperative period,
      i.v. infusions consisted of water and sodium chloride (6 g/liter) to match urine
      output, provided that diuresis was equal to or above 400 ml/hr. If diuresis
      remained or decreased below this level, diuresis replacement was associated with
      PAP-controlled infusion of saline, albumin, and red blood cells if needed.
      Furosemide was eventually given if diuresis did not increase above 400 ml/hr with
      fluid loading. With this protocol a good early diuresis was established in 95% of
      the cases. Ten patients required dialysis before the 5th postoperative day, one
      of them because of fluid overload and anuria. Concurrently, a decreased mortality
      rate and an increased graft survival rate were observed.

PMID- 388765
TI  - Hemodialysis and kidney transplantation in a patient with glucose phosphate
      isomerase deficiency.
AB  - End stage failure in a patient with congenital hemolytic anemia attributable to
      glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency was treated successfully with maintenance
      hemodialysis and renal transplantation. Increased transfusion requirements,
      intolerance to immunosuppressive agents, and frequent infections were not
      encountered. Induction of the deficient erythrocyte enzyme by renal
      transplantation was not expected or realized.

PMID- 388764
TI  - Is the strength of single HLA antigen mismatch variable in kidney transplant
      survival?
AB  - The survival rate among 458 cadaver kidney grafts with "full-house" four HLA-A,B
      antigens detected in the donor, three being identical to those of the recipient
      and only one mismatched, was studied specifically in relation to antigen
      incompatibility. At the A locus, the A3 incompatibility was associated with a
      lower transplant survival (44% at 2 years) than all of the others, and
      particularly more than the A11 (80% at 2 years) (P less than 0.003 but without
      significance after correction multiplying by the number of tested alleles). At
      the B locus, there was no significant difference in survival rate among the
      alleles. These results are only preliminary and need confirmation based on longer
      series permitting possible cross-reactions which exit between donor and recipient
      antigens to be taken into consideration.

PMID- 388766
TI  - Blood transfusions, cytotoxic antibodies, and kidney graft survival. Preliminary
      results of a systematic transfusion protocol.
AB  - Since pretransplant blood transfusions have been shown to prolong the survival of
      kidney grafts, a new transfusion policy has been started in the frame of
      Swisstransplant. Before surgery all patients receive at least two and, if
      possible, five transfusions (whole blood or packed red blood cells). The present
      study includes 101 recipients of primary cadaver grafts. Of these, 41 were
      transfused regularly according to the new protocol, 46 had irregular transfusions
      because of therapeutic necessity, and 14 had no transfusion before grafting. The
      1-year survival rate in pretransfused patients was over 70% as compared to 45% in
      the nontransfused group. There was no significant association with the number of
      transfusions, but a slight improvement in graft survival was seen in patients
      deliberately transfused when compared with those transfused because of severe
      anaemia. A delay of more than 3 months between the last transfusion and
      transplantation significantly decreased graft survival at 6 months (84 versus
      58%; P less than 0.02). The occurrence of cytotoxic antibodies, both
      antiperipheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and anti-B cell antibodies, was
      investigated in relation to the number of transfusions received. Broad-spectrum
      anti-PBL antibodies (greater than 50% of random panel) were found in 5 of 74
      patients transfused according to the protocol (7%) and in 15 of 93 patients
      transfused for severe anaemia (16% P, not significant). Of 71 recipients followed
      up for 6 months, 15 (21%) produced anti-PBL antibodies with limited specificity
      (less than 50%), and 4 (6%) produced broad-spectrum antibodies. Anti-B cell
      antibodies (less than 50%) were produced in 21 of 64 patients (33%). Six patients
      (9%) had broad-spectrum activity. The occurrence of these antibodies was not
      associated with the number of transfusions received and did not significantly
      influence the graft survival at 6 months. The change in transfusion policy seems
      to have improved graft survival without producing strong presensitization in a
      prohibitive proportion of the patients on hemodialysis.

PMID- 388767
TI  - Use of inosine to prevent renal ischaemic injury.

PMID- 388768
TI  - Analysis of a new RT1 recombinant haplotype.

PMID- 388769
TI  - Evidence for organ-specific alloantigens.

PMID- 388770
TI  - In vitro and in vivo correlates of antiidiotypic immunization in inbred strains
      of rats.

PMID- 388771
TI  - Characterization of the RT-Ly-1 and RT-Ly-2 alloantigenic systems by congenic rat
      strains.

PMID- 388772
TI  - Rat alloantisera ART and Ly-1 detect a polymorphism of a leukocyte-common
      antigen.

PMID- 388773
TI  - The effect of donor pretreatment and low-dose immunosuppression on the 24-hour
      preserved canine renal allograft.

PMID- 388774
TI  - The specific methods of control and eradication of schistosomiasis in Israel.
AB  - A review of the epidemiological status of urinary schistosomiasis and intestinal
      schistosomiasis in Israel is made. The ecology, bionomy and geographical
      distribution of the snail vectors were studied and research on their vectorial
      capacity to the imported Schistosoma strains was undertaken. Biomphalaria
      alexandrina, the snail vector of S. mansomi, was eradicated through ecological
      factors (salinity and pollution by sewage) and human activities. The elimination
      of snail vectors by applications of chemicals succeeded when the entire infested
      foci were isolated. The factors responsible for the reappearance of snail vectors
      after those chemical applications are described. Examples are given of
      successfully combined measures used for the control of snail vectors; increase of
      water currents to over 20 cm/sec, rapid emptying and drying up of water
      reservoirs, weekly deflection of infested water courses in different directions,
      etc. In 1951, 19 schoolchildren became infected with S. mansoni and in 1955, 97
      schoolchildren became infected with S. haematobium. Since 1955 no more new
      infections with Schistosomiasis have been reported in Israel.

PMID- 388775
TI  - Epidemiology of Shigella dysenteriae, type 1 infections, in Dacca urban area.
AB  - A prospective study of 47 families with an index case of Shigella dysenteriae
      type 1 was conducted in the urban areas of Dacca. The subsequent infection rates
      in contacts type 1 were 30.6% and 28.3% in the age groups 0--4 and 5--9. Total
      secondary infection rate was 20.4% with rates in males higher than in females.
      Among the contacts 12.5% developed diarrhoea caused by the same serotype, but
      22.1% developed diarrhoea with undiagnosed causes. For one hospitalised case
      there were seven symptomatic cases and 10 infections. All the infected infants
      age 0--4 developed diarrhoea and one fourth needed hospitalisation; but none aged
      over 9 needed it. Of these families 19% coincidentally had infections with other
      shigela types. Many factors were related with the higher infection rate. Use of
      open source of water was a significant factor. Multiple resistance to antibiotic
      was found, however, Shigella shiga was sensitive to Ampicillin, Kanamycin,
      Colistin and Furazolidone.

PMID- 388776
TI  - [Morphology of the microtubule system during the sphering, layering and
      polarization of normal and transformed fibroblasts].
AB  - The ultrastructure of the genital system (ductus seminalis, vestibulum, ductus
      tortuosus and canaliculus fecundans) has been studied during mating and
      oviposition. All these organs have a common organization and contain three parts:
      muscular and epithelial layer and chitin intima lining the interior surface of
      the female genital system. Ultrastructures of the muscular tissue and of the
      basal part of epidermis are similar. The luminal surface and microvilli are
      different in various organs of the female genital system. The ultrastructural
      pattern and the thickness of chitin intima may also vary, and can be used as a
      character for identificating different organs of the female system in ultrathin
      sections.

PMID- 388777
TI  - Ultrasonic propagation through fixed and unfixed tissues.

PMID- 388778
TI  - Bibliography of diagnostic uses of ultrasound in medicine and biology from 1
      January 1971. No. 17.

PMID- 388779
TI  - [Reducing diet].

PMID- 388780
TI  - [Epicondylalgia].

PMID- 388781
TI  - [Doctor Gabriel Nadeau (1900-1979)].

PMID- 388782
TI  - [Prostaglandins, kallikrein-kinin and dopamine. Practical implications of this
      vasodilator-natriuretic system].

PMID- 388784
TI  - [Macrophages and immunity: mechanisms and effects of macrophage activation].

PMID- 388783
TI  - [Action mechanism of lymphocytic mediators in cell-mediated immunologic
      reactions].

PMID- 388785
TI  - [Analysis of health reforms which took place in Quebec. I. Participation in the
      health sector].

PMID- 388786
TI  - [Cell-mediated immunologic reactions. Cells and mediators].

PMID- 388787
TI  - [Development of rheumatology in Quebec].

PMID- 388788
TI  - The development of neurology in Belfast.

PMID- 388789
TI  - Laboratory tests in the evaluation of renal hypertension.
AB  - Renal hypertension is better understood now as a result of the development of new
      laboratory techniques which permit the identification of the surgically curable
      forms of renovascular and renal parenchymal hypertension. The rationale for and
      efficacy of these new advances are discussed and a practical approach to the
      diagnosis of renal hypertension is offered.

PMID- 388790
TI  - Techniques of renal biopsy.
AB  - The diagnostic information obtained by renal biopsy has both diagnostic and
      therapeutic value in patients with symptoms and signs suggestive of renal
      parenchymal disease. The clinician must be familiar with the indications and
      contraindications for the procedure, and is responsible for choosing the most
      appropriate technique and approach from the various methods available.

PMID- 388791
TI  - Localization of urinary tract infection.
AB  - Both the antibody-coating and LDH isoenzyme techniques theoretically fulfill the
      criteria for an ideal localization test. Both are noninvasive. They are
      relatively easy to perform and well within the capability of most clinical
      laboratories. Both can be done rapidly and the results can be in the clinician's
      hands in a matter of a few hours. The results of the antibody-coating technique
      do not appear to be valid for children. Since only one controlled study with
      comparison with other localization techniques has been done in adults, further
      evaluation needs to be done. The LDH isoenzyme pattern has not been studied in
      adults but appears to be accurate in children. A prospective comparison of both
      procedures in adults using either the Fairly bladder washout technique or the
      Stamey ureteral catheterization method to localize definitively the site of
      infection would be most helpful. Definitive noninvasive localization techniques
      could lead to therapy being initiated with the site of infection defined. This
      would facilitate earlier and more intensive antibiotic therapy in those patients
      at risk for renal parenchymal damage from upper tract infections.

PMID- 388793
TI  - Immunologic testing of patients with genitourinary malignancies.
AB  - The discipline and techniques of immunology have been an important part of recent
      advances in genitourinary oncology. Although the initial promise of tumor
      immunology has not been realized in man, discoveries in the laboratory are
      revitalizing the expectation that this field will yet be of significant
      assistance in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Already tumor immunology
      studies along with new immunologic assay techniques have produced clinically
      important tumor markers, such as alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin,
      and prostatic acid phosphatase, and have intensified the search for other
      markers. Finally, research activity is increasingly focusing on the tumor cell
      itself, again often using immunologic methods. Although most of this activity is
      still experimental, analysis of blood-group antigens in transitional cell
      carcinoma has produced sufficient data to suggest that such an approach will soon
      be a part of the urologist's clinical armamentarium in his efforts to treat
      patients with bladder tumors.

PMID- 388792
TI  - New techniques for the evaluation of bladder function.
AB  - The various techniques available for the dynamic assessment of bladder function,
      including uroflowmetry, cystometrography, urethral closure pressure profiles, and
      sphincteric electromyography are presented. All of these approaches are discussed
      in terms of the indications for their use and their functions in evaluation.

PMID- 388794
TI  - Acid phosphatase.
AB  - Acid phosphatase is a ubiquitous lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyses organic
      phosphates at an acid pH. Although the postpuberteral prostatic epithelial cell
      contains a uniquely high concentration of acid phosphatase, cellular components
      of bone, spleen, kidney, liver, intestine, and blood also contain this enzyme.
      The discovery that prostatic carcinoma cells often retain a high concentration of
      acid phosphatase characteristic of the normal postpubertal gland led to the
      recognition of the first clinically useful tumor marker. Recognition that the
      serum of patients with prostatic malignancy frequently contains an increased
      concentration of this enzyme has resulted in persistent efforts to identify the
      source, to accurately quantitate the level of serum acid phosphatase, and to
      determine the clinical significance of those levels. A variety of enzymatic and
      immunologic techniques have been employed to measure acid phosphatase. In the
      past, various substrates and inhibitors were utilized to increase specificity and
      sensitivity. Emphasis has now shifted to the development of radioimmunoassay and
      counterimmunoelectrophoresis in an attempt to enhance those parameters. Judgment
      of their efficacy awaits further testing and evaluation. The clinical
      significance of normal and abnormal serum acid phosphatase is constantly being
      reevaluated. In order to maximize the value of laboratory measurements, the
      clinical and pathologic status of the patient, the techniques employed in
      obtaining and storing the blood sample and the procedures used in analysis must
      be known and considered. Traditionally, the serum prostatic acid phosphatase has
      been thought to originate in the prostatic cancer cell and has been used to stage
      the disease. Until recently, elevated serum values have been accepted as an
      indication of extraprostatic disease, and were thought to rule out lesions
      confined to the prostate. The elevation of acid phosphatase levels in patients
      with disseminated disease or the failure of elevated levels to return to normal
      with treatment have been assumed to indicate a poor prognosis. However,
      unequivocal documentation of the validity of these statements is not available.
      Newer immunologic techniques for measuring acid phosphatase may significantly
      alter our current concept of its role as a tumor marker.

PMID- 388795
TI  - Surgical treatment of urinary calculi.

PMID- 388796
TI  - A survey of calcium urolithiasis in normocalcemic hypercalciuria: possible role
      of nutrients and diet-mediated factors.
AB  - Three types of hypercalciuria are described; their existence and frequent
      association with calcium urolithiasis in humans are accepted. Various dietary
      factors such as minerals, electrolytes, fluids, vitamin D, carbohydrates,
      proteins are discussed with regard to their ability to alter the nature and the
      degree of calcium excretion following their ingestion. It is emphasised that at
      present we have only limited knowledge on the chain of events linking calorie
      intake and the response of the kidney.

PMID- 388798
TI  - Urease stones.
AB  - Urinary stones form as a consequence of urinary supersaturation. Supersaturation
      occurs as a result of elevated concentrations of urinary solutes. Dietary,
      metabolic, endocrine, hereditary, and infectious processes alter urinary solute
      concentrations. Struvite (MgNH4PO. 6H2O) and carbonate-apatite [Ca10(PO4)6CO3]
      stones form in urine that becomes supersaturated as a by-product of the
      hydrolysis of urea by the bacterial enzyme urease. Urease-induced stones manifest
      primarily as branched renal calculi and as bladder calculi. Conventional therapy
      has usually consisted of surgical removal of the stone combined with a short
      course of antimicrobial therapy. Such treatment is curative in about 50% of
      cases. Recurrent stone formation and progressive pyelonephritis occur in those
      who are not cured. Adjunctive medical treatment with acetohydroxamic acid or
      hydroxyurea lessens the risk of calculogenesis and decreases growth of residual
      stones in patients who are not cured by conventional therapy. Patients with urea
      splitting urinary infection and renal stones have a major life-threatening
      disease. The morbidity and expense that result from this disease are great. Long
      term (perhaps lifetime) chemotherapy with antimicrobial agents and/or urease
      inhibiting drugs combined with judicious and expert surgical intervention can be
      expected to significantly improve the plight of these unfortunate patients.

PMID- 388797
TI  - Quantitation of response to therapy in calcium urolithiasis.
AB  - The physico-chemical basis for the action of various drugs in calcium
      nephrolithiasis may be described in terms of changes produced in the urinary
      state of saturation (APR), limit of metastability (FPR), or in crystal growth.
      The validation of this scheme for drug action requires further correlation of
      objective responses to drug therapy, described in terms of urinary
      crystallisation, with the clinical response.

PMID- 388800
TI  - Flushing of distal vas during vasectomy: current status and review of literature.
AB  - Vas irrigation during vasectomy, to effect immediate sterility or to shorten the
      interval between vasectomy and sterility, has received increasing attention in
      recent years. A review of the literature on vas irrigation is presented. Topics
      discussed include the effectiveness of various irrigants and irrigation methods,
      method and technical failures, and evidence of increased risks of recanalization,
      inflammation, tissue damage, and infection. Stored sperm and their location after
      vasectomy are explored. Suggested mechanisms for the action of irrigants are
      reviewed, and another mechanism is proposed. Variations in study results and our
      incomplete understanding of vas and seminal vesicle physiology during ejaculation
      (compounded by individual variations) require more investigation before large
      clinical trials are initiated.

PMID- 388801
TI  - "Die Wanderniere".

PMID- 388799
TI  - [Laboratory tools in the diagnosis of prostatic cancer (author's transl)].
AB  - The most reliable laboratory test for prostate cancer remains prostatic
      phosphatase determination. With the spectrophotometric method, however, falsely
      negative results are to be expected in 40% of stage D lesions. In only one third
      of patients with localized disease results are correctly positive. This poor
      specificity and sensitivity can be improved by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Using this
      technique the prostatogenic isoenzyme is elevated in 50% of stage A and in 80% of
      stage B carcinoma, suggesting RIA for screening. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
      or serum iron and copper are not necessarily of prognostic value. Phosphatase
      determination of bone marrow aspirates also requires the RIA method if
      differentiation of stage C and D is to be expected. Serum hormone assays are not
      yet introduced into routine staging programs. Serum and urinary markers such as
      CEA, polyamines of LDH isoenzymes are unspecific and of uncertain value in
      prostatic carcinoma. Measurement of urinary hydroxyproline seems a reliable
      method for the search of osseous spread; other bone diseases have to be excluded.
      In patients with prostate cancer laboratory tests still represent adjunctive
      measures in connection with the clinical diagnostic armamentarium of urologists.

PMID- 388802
TI  - Stricture chair.

PMID- 388803
TI  - Suppositories and capsules.

PMID- 388804
TI  - Practical management of venous injury during pelvic surgery for urologic disease.
AB  - There is a selection of techniques (ligation, lateral suture repair, venous patch
      graft, end to end repair, and vein replacement graft) which can be adopted to
      deal with venous injury during pelvic surgery for urologic disease. Technical
      details of the various methods of repair are described for the benefit of the
      urologist who occasionally finds himself with a major venous injury and no
      vascular surgeon available to help.

PMID- 388805
TI  - Clomiphene citrate therapy for male infertility.
AB  - We have summarized 697 reported cases of the use of clomiphene citrate for the
      improvement of semen quality. Basal levels of gonadotropins are useful criteria
      for the differential diagnosis of hypo- and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.
      Patients with an intact hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis are most likely to
      respond to clomiphene citrate. Twenty-five mg. per day, administered in a cyclic
      fashion for a period of six to nine months, caused the greatest improvement. A
      higher dose (50 mg. per day) may be effective in men who do not respond to 25 mg.
      During the course of therapy gonadotropin levels and semen samples should be
      analyzed periodically. This drug is not currently approved for use in men; the
      incidence of side effects, particularly with long-term treatment, is unknown.

PMID- 388806
TI  - Effects of preliminary normothermic flushing on hypothermic renal preservation.
AB  - Flushing of harvested kidneys with hypothermic perfusates is presumed to cause
      inappropriate circulation due to vasospasm. Effects of initial normothermic
      flushing prior to hypothermic flushing and cold preservation were tested in
      canine kidneys. Analysis of the perfusion characteristics revealed that a brief
      initial flushing with solutions at 37 degrees C. eliminates vasoconstriction and
      even facilitates subsequent hypothermic flushing. In amounts not exceeding 100
      cc. it was not deleterious to transplant function. Larger volumes of normothermic
      flushing were proved to cause endothelial injury and resulted in poor transplant
      survival.

PMID- 388807
TI  - Circumcision as valuable teaching aid in reconstructive urologic surgery.

PMID- 388808
TI  - [Extracorneal keratoplasty with dehydrated and freeze-preserved fetal cornea].

PMID- 388809
TI  - [In memory of Tamara Dmitrieva Kostiukova].

PMID- 388810
TI  - [State of the endothelial layer of the native cornea after auto- and alloplasty].

PMID- 388811
TI  - [Method of applying sutures to the iris outside the anterior chamber].

PMID- 388812
TI  - [Successful extraction of a corticosteroid-induced cataract in a kidney
      transplant patient].

PMID- 388813
TI  - [Prof. Evsei Solomonovich Vainshtein (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 388814
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Aleksandr Georgievich Fetisov].

PMID- 388816
TI  - [Gunshot wound of the portal vein].

PMID- 388815
TI  - [Effect of sodium oxybutyrate on reflex hemodynamic reactions].
AB  - Clinical examination of patients with diseases of the lungs and locomotor system
      during the surgical treatment and experiments in animals has shown that sodium
      hydroxybutyrate used as an anesthetizing drug under conditions of the neuroleptic
      analgesia fails to provide an effective defense against the surgical trauma. This
      is shown by the instability in the hemodynamic indices, metabolic shifts and the
      presence of nociceptive viscero-somatic reflexes.

PMID- 388817
TI  - [Nikolai Georgievich Stoiko].

PMID- 388818
TI  - [Acute cholelithiasic intestinal obstruction].
AB  - The paper presents the data of diagnosis, clinical picture and surgical treatment
      of 8 patients with acute cholelythic ileus. The authors describe the specific
      features of the clinical course of the disease and emphasize high diagnostic
      value of general rentgenography of the abdomen for the recognition of this
      complication. Operations in acute cholelythic ileus are characterized. Prevention
      of such pathology is dependent on timely surgery for such patients.

PMID- 388819
TI  - [Rare variants of portacaval anastomoses in patients with an extrahepatic block
      of the portal circulation].

PMID- 388820
TI  - [Prevention of cicatricial deformities following surgical repair of the skin in
      patients with burns].
AB  - Under study was the dynamics of clinical and morphological changes of 348
      portions of the repaired skin in 266 patients in different periods after plasty.
      Recommendations are proposed to prevent secondary cicatricial deformities.

PMID- 388821
TI  - [Reliability of the single-row goffering suture in inguinal hernia operations in
      children].

PMID- 388822
TI  - [Modern problems of emergency heart surgery].

PMID- 388824
TI  - [Aleksandr Vasil'evich Mel'nikov].

PMID- 388823
TI  - [Aleksandr Vasil'evich Mel'nikov (on the 90th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 388825
TI  - [Hydrodynamics of the active drainage of the mediastinum using lavage and
      aspiration].
AB  - The results of experimental studies of hydrodynamics in acute drainage are
      described. Four series of experiments were carried on a transparent model filled
      with a liquid. The authors have revealed the phenomenon of dyraulic "strokes"
      which promote mechanical purification of the cavity from the purulent content. It
      has been established that a running-water fractional regimen of washing should be
      used for the cavities of more than 15--20 cm3 volume.

PMID- 388826
TI  - [Gunshot wounds of the arteries].
AB  - The surgical tactics for the treatment of gunshot wounds of vessels should depend
      not only on the kind of the injuring shell but also on the concrete dimensions of
      the injury of vessels and surrounding tissues. The vital capacity of the vessels
      and adjacent tissues should be determined by the same criteria as that of well
      known and sufficiently studied gunshot wounds.

PMID- 388827
TI  - [Primary restorative operation in complete transverse rupture of the pancreas].

PMID- 388829
TI  - [Supplement to Andreev's operation in habitual shoulder dislocation].

PMID- 388828
TI  - [Treatment of Achilles tendon injuries in athletes].
AB  - 165 athletes with injuries to the Achilles tendon were under observation of the
      authors; 4 of them had sustained open traumas and 161 -- subcutanous ones.
      Surgical intervention was the main method of treatment. The G. D. Nikitin's
      method of autoplasty is indicated in fresh injuries, a combined autoalloplasty,
      according to the authors' method, -- in old ones. Late results were followed up
      in 141 patients, all of them showed good outcome. Primary surgical treatment of
      the wound and suture of the Achilles tendon are indicated in open injuries to the
      Achilles tendon.

PMID- 388830
TI  - Functional abnormalities caused by upper airway obstruction and heaves: their
      relationship to the etiology of epistaxis.

PMID- 388831
TI  - Pulmonary function testing in horses.
AB  - Pulmonary function tests in horses are in the early stages of development and
      there will be a limit in the range of tests available since those requiring
      patient cooperation cannot be conducted in animals. Some tests such as blood gas
      analysis, A-aDo2 and delta Ppl measurements could presently be used to a greater
      extent under field conditions. Others that require expensive equipment and
      considerable technical assistance will be limited to the larger referral type
      veterinary clinics until the time is reached when there is adequate information
      to select those procedures that give a reasonable cost to benefit ratio to make
      their use more widespread.

PMID- 388832
TI  - Chemical mediators of immediate hypersensitivity reactions.
AB  - The investigation of the mast cell-basophil products has progressed from studies
      directed solely at implicating histamine or serotonin in allergic diseases to
      molecular definitions of pathways to target cell activation and mediator release.
      In addition, within the last several years the detection and molecular
      characterization of the many other mediators of immediate hypersensitivity have
      begun. This area should continue to prove a fruitful arena in the future.
      Identification of the physiologic importance of these mediators in the heaves
      syndrome or other potential equine allergic syndromes may contribute both to the
      basic understanding of the pathogenesis of allergy, as well as suggest possible
      avenues for control.

PMID- 388834
TI  - Plastic and reconstructive surgery of the canine torso.

PMID- 388833
TI  - Abnormalities of the upper respiratory tract.

PMID- 388835
TI  - Autologous, split skin transplantation on the lower limbs of horses.
AB  - The skin grafting experiments were carried out on the cannon regions of horses to
      throw light on four matters relating to split skin transplantation. They were:
      The thickness of donor split skin that would provide good wound cover and still
      leave adequate tissue to permit uneventful healing at the donor site; whether
      split skin grafts were more readily accepted on fresh than on granulating wounds;
      the size of wounds that would benefit from grafting; and the maximum size of
      graft that would be readily accepted. The findings were: Split skin grafts 0.76
      mm thickness gave the best results although grafts 0.63 mm thickness were
      satisfactory; split skin grafts were accepted more readily on fresh wounds than
      on granulating tissue; wounds which exceeded 1/10th of the skin area on the
      cannon region justified grafting; the upper limit in size was not established as
      the largest grafts used were more readily accepted than smaller grafts.

PMID- 388836
TI  - The role of nutrition in animal disease.

PMID- 388837
TI  - Comparison of GLC-EMIT analysis for the assay of methadon and its major
      metabolite in urine.

PMID- 388838
TI  - Poison control in pets.

PMID- 388839
TI  - [Results of the clinical trial of the EUI-1 x-ray magnification screens].

PMID- 388840
TI  - [Immunostimulating activity of certain subcellular fractions of Escherichia coli
      O138:K81:H19].
AB  - A 24-hour culture of Escherichia coli 0138:K81:H19 was used to isolate a soluble
      cytoplasmic fraction, an O antigen, and an unsolube cell ingredient. Their
      immunogenic action was followed up through subcutaneous vaccination of mice and
      the production of humoral antibodies in rabbits. It was found that the
      cytoplasmic ingredient was a slightly toxic protective antigen forming
      considerable immunity in mice and a comparatively high titer of antibodies in
      rabbit sera. The unsoluble cell ingredient and the O antigen proved comparatively
      toxic and did not produce favourable immune response. Discussed in the use of the
      cytoplasmic ingredient as a vaccine as well as the type of the immunoglobulins
      produced.

PMID- 388841
TI  - [Resoprtion of colostric immunoglobulins and serum bactericidal activity of lambs
      during ontogeny].
AB  - Studied were the resorption dynamics of colostrum IgG and IgM immunoglobulins in
      lambs of ewes vaccinated and unvaccinated against Escherichia coli and the
      bactericidal activity of their serum depending on the time after the first
      sucking as well as the resorption and the bactericidal activity as influenced by
      the first sucking itself. The experiment was carried out on 70 lambs of
      vaccinated ewes and 30 lambs of unvaccinated ewes. The period of investigation
      covered the time from the first to the 20th day after the first sucking, studying
      also the agglutinin titer, the phagocyte number and phagocyte index of the
      leukocytes with regard to the vaccinal strain O7 of E. coli. The specificity of
      IgG and IgM was studied through immunoelectrophoresis. It was found that the
      bactericidal activity of the blood in newborn lambs was dependent on the amount
      of the immunoglobulins resorbed and their specificity. A delay of 10--24 hours of
      the first sucking led to a drop of both immunoglobulins and bactericidal activity
      by about 48--65 and 20--45 per cent, respectively.

PMID- 388842
TI  - [Transmissible drug resistance in strains of E. coli isolated from birds].
AB  - A total of 97 strains of Escherichia coli, resistant either to one or to several
      theraupeutic agents and isolated from young and adult birds, were studied for the
      presence of transmissible R plasmids. Transmissible drug resistance was
      demonstrated with 37 per cent of the strains. The transmission of such resistance
      was manifested in highest percent in the case of ampicillin and chloramphenicol,
      followed by sulphathiazole and tetracycline. The R plasmids established in multi
      drug resistant strains with three markers and more, were found to bear high
      percent determinants of resistance to chloramphenicol and in lower percent such
      to sulphathiazole and tetracycline. The same strains presented R plasmids that
      bore determinants of resistance to five therapeutic agents (Tc, Su, Cm, Mm, Nm)
      and to three therapeutic agents (Cm, Ap, Tc) and (Cm, Su, Km).

PMID- 388843
TI  - [30th anniversary of the Institute of General and Comparative Pathology of the
      Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and the 80th anniversary of the birth of its
      founder Ksenofont Andreev Ivanov].

PMID- 388844
TI  - [Clinical importance of the determination of carcincembryonal antigen in plasma
      (serum) in malignant diseases].

PMID- 388845
TI  - [Dr. Vladimir Sosovec - 60 years old].

PMID- 388846
TI  - [History of health care in Valasskych Klobouk].

PMID- 388847
TI  - [Electroanesthesia in therapeutic stomatology].

PMID- 388848
TI  - [Tobacco smoking and mental health].

PMID- 388849
TI  - [50th anniversary of the Department of the Organization and Tactics of the
      Medical Service of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy].

PMID- 388850
TI  - [Evgenii Vladislavovich Gembitskii (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 388851
TI  - [Basic work on V.I. Lenin (publication of the 9th volume of the Biographical
      Chronicle)].

PMID- 388852
TI  - [Stages in the development of hospital bases at the rear in Russia in the system
      of therapeutic and evacuation support of the troops].

PMID- 388853
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Drago Kulusic].

PMID- 388854
TI  - Substance P: pharmacology, properties, and mode of action.

PMID- 388856
TI  - [Brief sketch of the life, scientific, teaching, and public career of G. Kh.
      Buniatian].

PMID- 388855
TI  - Membrane protein differentiation in neurons as a correlate to change of behavior.

PMID- 388857
TI  - [Acute gastroduodenal ulcers in children (a review of the foreign literature)].

PMID- 388858
TI  - [Current aspects of the therapy of chronic hepatitis (a review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 388859
TI  - [Case of cholecystitis in salmonellosis in an infant 1 year and 4 months].

PMID- 388861
TI  - [Reaction of leukocyte adherence inhibition and its use in oncology].

PMID- 388860
TI  - [On the 60th birthday of S. Ia. Doletskii].

PMID- 388862
TI  - [Phage sensitivity of Streptococcus group A cultures isolated from rheumatism
      patients].

PMID- 388863
TI  - [Aleksandr Borisovich Zborovskii (on his 50th birthday)].

PMID- 388864
TI  - [Viruses of the rabies group].

PMID- 388865
TI  - [Method of removing nonspecific hemagglutination inhibitors from diagnostic and
      postinfection sera].

PMID- 388866
TI  - Rheumatoid variants.

PMID- 388870
TI  - Recent findings in atopic dermatitis.

PMID- 388867
TI  - Mannitol.
AB  - Mannitol may be useful clinically both as a diuretic and as an obligate
      extracellular solute. As a diuretic it can be used to treat patients with
      intractable edema states, to increase urine flow and flush out debris from the
      renal tubules in patients with acute tubular necrosis, and to increase toxin
      excretion in patients with barbiturate, salicylate or bromide intoxication. As an
      obligate extracellular solute it may be useful to ameliorate symptoms of the
      dialysis disequilibrium syndrome, to decrease cerebral edema following trauma or
      cerebrovascular accident, and to prevent cell swelling related to renal ischemia
      following cross-clamping of the aorta. Largely unexplored uses for mannitol
      include its use as an osmotic agent in place of dextrose in peritoneal dialysis
      solutions, its use to maintain urine output in patients newly begun on
      hemodialysis, and its use to limit infarct size following acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 388869
TI  - Vitamin D deficient states. Pathophysiology and treatment.

PMID- 388871
TI  - [Methodological problems of exercise electrocardiography].

PMID- 388873
TI  - [Mandible reconstruction by means of pedunculated grafts].

PMID- 388872
TI  - [Experimental neoplasm transplantation in the works of Polish physicians at the
      turn of the 19th century].

PMID- 388868
TI  - Diseases of phenylalanine metabolism.
AB  - Continuing investigation of the system that hydroxylates phenylalanine to
      tyrosine has led to new insights into diseases associated with the malfunction of
      this system. Good evidence has confirmed that phenylketonuria (PKU) is not caused
      by a simple lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase. Dihydropteridine reductase
      deficiency as well as defects in biopterin metabolism may also cause the clinical
      features of phenylketonuria. Furthermore, these diseases do not respond to the
      standard treatment for phenylketonuria.

PMID- 388874
TI  - [60th anniversary of the Polish Red Cross].

PMID- 388875
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Wladyslaw Zagorski (1914-1979)].

PMID- 388876
TI  - [Case of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis with septic course (Yersinia
      pseudotuberculosis type I and IIB)].

PMID- 388877
TI  - [Utilization of scalp tissues after scalp avulsion as a free skin transplant].

PMID- 388878
TI  - [First Polish autopsy statistics on the incidence of neoplasms].

PMID- 388879
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Jan Kossakowski].

PMID- 388880
TI  - [Reactivity of peripheral blood granulocytes in Aspergillus fumigatus infection].

PMID- 388882
TI  - [Views on leukemia expressed in the writings of Polish physicians at the turn of
      the 19th and 20th centuries].

PMID- 388881
TI  - [Results of treatment of ischemic heart disease by aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 388883
TI  - [History of trachoma in Poland in the 19th century].

PMID- 388885
TI  - [The posttraumatic osteomyelitis in guinea-pigs (author's transl)].
AB  - A model of posttraumatic osteomyelitis was developed in 120 Duncan-Hartley guinea
      pigs. For this purpose the right femura of all animals were fractured surgically.
      In 60 guinea-pigs immobilisation of the fractured extremity was omitted, in
      remaining 60 the medullary space was splinted with intramedullary pin. Each of
      the two groups was further subdivided in three subgroups, i.s. non infected
      controls, staphylococcus aureus-infections and escherichia coli-infections.
      Comparative evaluations were based on ten follow-up studies, nine of which were
      scheduled for the first three postoperative months and one 12 months after
      surgery. The overwhelming majority of infected animals developed acute
      osteomyelitis. This was found to heal within the first three postoperative months
      in just a few of the animals without intramedullary pinning. In all other animals
      the condition became chronic and was still demonstrable one year after infection.
      Follow-up immunological studies were based on bacterial ingestion. An evaluation
      of opsonic activity against time revealed statistically significant deferences
      for all groups. Marked depression of opsonic activity within the first 35
      postoperative days after intramedullary pinning constituted the most prominent
      immunological finding.

PMID- 388884
TI  - [The serum concentration of anticonvulsants -- pharmacokinetic findings and
      practical therapeutic applications (author's transl)].
AB  - Routine determination of the blood serum concentration of most of the usual
      anticonvulsants is possible by means of an immunoenzymatic method (EMIT).
      Determination of the total concentration permits conclusions as to the amount of
      available, unbound and, thus, effective amount of the substance. Regular
      determination of serum values provides insight into the relevant
      pharmacokinetics. Metabolism of anticonvulsants differs greatly among individuals
      and therefore considerable individual variation exists in the relation between
      the applied dose and the attained serum level. The metabolic rate of the various
      substances is unequal and, accordingly, the time necessary to reach a steady
      state and the half life is very variable. Metabolism may be altered by various
      biological adaptations, diseases or other drugs, causing alterations in the serum
      level of the anticonvulsant. Results obtained to date indicate a therapeutic
      threshold concentration range. In a certain percentage of patients seizures are
      abolished or diminish in frequency only on attaining such a serum level. In more
      benign cases an adequate therapeutic effect may be obtained with lower
      ("subtherapeutic") concentrations, while on the other hand, in malignant cases,
      no efficient control of seizure activity can be attained even at a high serum
      concentration. The method should be used in all problematic patients. Up to 50%
      of patients with insufficient control of seizures show improvement or, even,
      absence of seizures if this method is included in the therapeutic concept.

PMID- 388886
TI  - [New antibiotics].

PMID- 388887
TI  - [Diabetic retinopathy. Facts and speculations].

PMID- 388888
TI  - [Reaction of connective tissue and striated muscle tissue to implanted ashwood
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In former experiments it could be shown, that new bone is formed around ashwood
      after implantation in the tibia of rabbits, in spite of a foreign-body tissue
      reaction. Equally prepared ashwood half-cylinders were now implanted in the soft
      tissue of rats and evaluated 2, 6, 12 and 30 weeks after implantation. Around the
      implants a foreign-body tissue reaction developed and demonstrates the hitherto
      insufficient preparation of the implants.

PMID- 388889
TI  - [The Austrian flight ambulance. Sorties in 1978].

PMID- 388890
TI  - [Experimental and clinical experiences with silicone catheters in fistulizing
      glaucoma surgery].
AB  - 1. A historical revue of seton operations is presented, which were actually
      explored for the first time by Rollet in 1907. 2. The paramount importance of the
      selection of the appropriate material for the setons is stressed. 3. Ocular
      tolerance especially of silicone tubings has been investigated by animal
      experiments. Excellent tolerance of silicone intraocularly as well as
      subconjunctivally has been found. This fact confirms experimental investigations
      by other authors. 4. In animal experiments for the first time a surgical
      technique securing firm anchorage of a sole silicone tubing could be developed.
      Insertion of a silicone catheter was combined with thermal sclerostomy; ocular
      hypotony was not encountered. 5. A study exploring aqueous egress following the
      new surgical procedure has been conducted by means of injection of fluorescein
      into the anterior chamber. Various exit-sites of aqueous were recorded: diffuse
      outflow through the filtration cleft as well as the catheter lumen, and also via
      channels either within lymph vessels or secondary aqueous veins. 6. Aqueous
      outflow following the seton operation has also been studied by scintigraphic
      means; the first description of this method in glaucoma-operated eyes is
      presented. Applying this technique not only the existence of a filtering bleb is
      documented, but in addition the speed of aqueous transit through the filtering
      bleb was measured. This transit has been found to be a rapid one. 7. The clinical
      results of this type of seton operation do confirm the experimental evidence of
      excellent ocular tolerance of silicone tubings as well as the reliability of
      their firm anchorage. Postoperative tension with or without additional
      antiglaucomatous medication proved quite satisfactory. 8. The proposed surgical
      procedure is recommendable especially in patients exhibiting haemorrhagic
      glaucoma, were conventional methods are likely to fail in the majority of cases.

PMID- 388891
TI  - County medical societies.

PMID- 388892
TI  - Dr Harold P Rusch and the Wisconsin Clinical Cancer Center.

PMID- 388893
TI  - [Comparison of the frequency of the O-antigens of E. coli strains isolated from
      urine in Rostock and Moscow].

PMID- 388894
TI  - [Experience with Mycoplasma preservation].

PMID- 388895
TI  - [Comments on the work disability statistics of the Social Security Office of the
      Free German Trade Union Confederation].

PMID- 388896
TI  - [75th birthday of Georg Wildfuhr].

PMID- 388897
TI  - [On the 75th birthday of Dr. Franz Kohler].

PMID- 388898
TI  - [The medical school reform of the early 18th century. On the 300th anniversary of
      the birthday of Johann Juncker (1679-1759)].
AB  - The 300th anniversary of the birthday of Johann Juncker gives the occasion to
      think of the Collegium clinicum Halense founded by him and at the same time of
      Juncker's versatile activities for furthering an education connected with
      practice. Juncker's reform of study forms the initial point for the
      transformation of the clinical and policlinical forms of education in favour of
      an increasing orientation to practice which in many place was done only at the
      end of the century.

PMID- 388899
TI  - [Radioimmunological methods for the highly specialized diagnosis and clinical
      study of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 388900
TI  - [The German Academy of Natural Sciences Leopoldina--a scientific Institution of
      the German-speaking area].

PMID- 388901
TI  - [Restriction endonucleases as an instrument for analyzing the structure of
      mitochondrial genomes].

PMID- 388902
TI  - [New information on the structure of eukaryote mRNA].

PMID- 388903
TI  - [Collagen structures, one of the body's information systems].

PMID- 388904
TI  - [Regulation of antibody biosynthesis by intermediary products of immunoglobulin
      catabolism].

PMID- 388905
TI  - [Problems of specific cellular immunity against influenza].

PMID- 388906
TI  - Distinguished Virginia professor: Dr. William Cecil Dabney.

PMID- 388907
TI  - Grand rounds: diagnosis and management of renovascular hypertension.

PMID- 388908
TI  - Stephen Hurt Watts and the surgical tradition in Charlottesville.

PMID- 388909
TI  - Concerning contraction and relaxation of the heart.

PMID- 388911
TI  - [New approach to the study of acute circulatory disorders after open heart
      surgery].

PMID- 388910
TI  - [Current meaning of an academy for medicine].

PMID- 388913
TI  - [Nikolai Nikhailovich Ovchinnikov].

PMID- 388912
TI  - [Comparative study of phototoxic activity of beroxan and meladinine].

PMID- 388914
TI  - [The karyotype of the meningioma. Studies on the relations between chromosome set
      and tumor development (author's transl)].

PMID- 388915
TI  - [Reconstructive ENT surgery].

PMID- 388916
TI  - [Needle reflexotherapy in ENT diseases (review of the literature)].

PMID- 388917
TI  - [Patient cooperation--a factor in planning].

PMID- 388918
TI  - [Preprosthetic preparation of jaws with periodontal disease].

PMID- 388919
TI  - [The value of various teeth in the residual dentition].

PMID- 388920
TI  - [In memoriam Dr. Rudolf Schoen].

PMID- 388921
TI  - [Primary pyelonephritis (the focal problem)].
AB  - On different experimental models of pyelonephritis in dogs and rabbits an
      experiment for the classification of the pathogenesis of this disease with the
      special questioning of the possible development of the so-called primary
      pyelonephritis was performed. A series of experiments consisted of 3 groups: 1.
      Injection of an E.-coli-suspension into the musculature of the urinary bladder of
      dogs and rabbits. 2. Injection of an E.-coli-suspension into the testicles of
      rabbits. 3. Injection of an E.-coli-suspension into the seminal bladders of rats.
      The experiments lasted 2 to 15 days and 16 to 110 days, respectively. In the
      second series of experiment in rats and rabbits an E.-coli-suspension was
      injected into the gall-bladder of rats and rabbits. Bacteriologic blood cultures
      and histologic investigations of the kidneys, the ureters, the wall of the
      urinary bladder and the adjacent lymphatic and fatty tissue as well as of the
      gall-bladders were performed. The results showed that the pyelonephritis
      developed secondarily after the infection of the other infected organs by
      haematogenic or interstitial dissemination of the pathogenic agents. Conclusions
      are drawn: 1. Every pyelonephritis, also the haematogenic, is a secondary
      process. 2. Therefore all must be done to find out the primary inflammatory
      change in the organism and to cure it. 3. Severe forms of the pyelonephritis may,
      on the other hand, effect as focus and evoke in inflammation of other organs on
      lymphogenic and haematogenic way. 4. Taking into consideration the facts
      mentioned perhaps the great number of pyelonephritiides having become latent
      might be reduced.

PMID- 388922
TI  - [Supravesical urinary diversion].

PMID- 388923
TI  - [Occlusal trauma and periodontitis].

PMID- 388924
TI  - [Improvement of corrective impression techniques].

PMID- 388925
TI  - [Surgical treatment of the maxillofacial region and periodontal therapy from the
      viewpoint of a modified therapeutic procedure].

PMID- 388926
TI  - [Education and demographic indices].

PMID- 388927
TI  - [V. N. Emel'ianov (on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 388928
TI  - [Contribution to the neuropathology of stereotactic brain-operations and their
      fatal complications (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on the neuropathology of 6 fatal cases in 150 stereotactic operations,
      performed on 135 patients from 1960 to February 1978. The deceased had a
      hyperkinesis and a severe Parkinson's disease in 3 cases each. Only two of them
      had died of a complicating intracranial extracerebral haemorrhage immediately
      after the stereotactic operation. In our own material the longest survival time
      after operation was about 3 years. Biochemical and biothermical reactions and
      situations basing on thermocoagulation are dealt with in particular.

PMID- 388930
TI  - [Stereotaxia in phantom-limb-neuralgia and causalgia (author's transl)].
AB  - Intractable pain is an important indication for stereotactic operations in deep
      structures of the brain. The targets are situated in primary and secondary
      sensomotoric regions of the thalamus, dependent or independent on cortical areas.
      In clinical practice it is necessary to combine two or three targets in the
      thalamic nuclei. In more than 25% the destruction of parts of the emotional pain
      perception is necessary (ncl. dorso-medialis). The results os stereotactic
      operations in 32 patients with causalgia and phantom-limb-neuralgia are analysed.

PMID- 388929
TI  - [A prophylactic regimen for infections in colorectal surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - Without special prophylaxis, surgery of the colon and rectum is likely to result
      in postoperative complications due to infection at a percentage of 30 to 50.
      Prophylaxis against infections in colonic operations covers preoperative
      influence on general body defence, a subtle operating technique and special
      preparation of the intestine, the latter including adequate bulkage - free diet,
      a special preparation of the intestine and preoperative administration of
      antibiotics. Preparation by means of phthalylsulfathiazol has shown no effects. A
      preparation programme is suggested for 3 to 8 days preoperatively.

PMID- 388931
TI  - [Prenatal diagnosis of an intestinal atresia by means of ultrasound - case report
      and discussion (author's transl)].
AB  - An intestinal atresia was diagnosed by means of ultrasonography and
      amniofetography in the 34. gestional week. The discussion agendas are, how far
      the given ultrasonogramms are typical for fetal intestinal atresia and how much
      part was played by sonography and amniofetography by the search of diagnosis;
      further, whether already antenatal diagnosed intestinal abnormality justifies a
      fetal indicated cesarean section, which could be important for timing of the
      surgical performance and for the betterment of the perinatal situation.

PMID- 388932
TI  - Mode of action of colicins Ia, E1 and K.
AB  - Addition of colicins Ia, E1 or K to sensitive Escherichia coli leads to
      inhibition of macromolecular synthesis and an uncoupling of electron transport
      from active transport. Recent results indicate that these colicins affect energy
      metabolism by interacting directly with the cytoplasmic membrane. This results in
      a transmembrane flow of ions leading to membrane depolarization. It is proposed
      that the function of the outer membrane colicin receptor is to mediate access of
      the colicin molecule to the cytoplasmic membrane.

PMID- 388933
TI  - Comparative evaluation of immunofluorescent (IgM and IgG) and complement-fixing
      antibodies in influenza A infection.
AB  - The indirect immunofluorescent (FA) tests for detection of IgG and IgM antibodies
      to the internal antigens of influenza viruses were performed using single cell
      suspensions of baby hamster kidney cells. The IgG-FA test showed a good
      correlation with the complement fixation (CF) test performed with purified
      ribonucleoprotein (RNP) as antigen than the CF test with whole virus antigen.
      Sera which were positive only in the IgM-FA test did not react in the RNP-CF
      test. A rapid diagnosis of influenza was not possible alone by detection of RNP
      specific IgM as relatively low titers were obtained in the IgM-FA test.

PMID- 388934
TI  - [Changes in the progress of infectious diseases caused by changes of natural
      resistance and of the steroid metabolism (author's transl)].
AB  - It is demonstrated that it is possible to change the stereotyped reaction of the
      steroid metabolism to infection by means of external influences. The progress of
      infectious diseases can be detoriated and the average duration of life can be
      shortened by rearing a special strain of test rabbits or by lack of protein in
      the diet, by blocking the RES, by cortisol, estradiol and thyroxin, by glucose
      and by polyvinylpyridin-N-oxid. - The time of survival is prolonged by
      testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and cyproterone, also by cystein,
      aristolochia acid and treatment with pyrifer. - No effect whatever on the
      progress of an infectious disease is produced by the vitamines A, B1, B6, D, E
      and especially ascorbinic acid, also an extract of thymus gland, spleen, insulin,
      a preparation with STH, and Norgestrel, DMSO and treatment with B, bifidum and
      with omnadin.

PMID- 388935
TI  - Bacteriocin--Symposium. XII. International Congress of Microbiology, Munich 3-8
      September 1978. Introduction. Penetration of the bacterial envelope by colicins.

PMID- 388936
TI  - The concept of bacteriocins.
AB  - After a short description of the discovery of bacteriocins, especially the
      colicins in this review the following points are discussed: the classification of
      colicins especially with the aid of resistant mutants of sensitive indicator
      strains, the bacteriocin-receptors, the bacteriocin-specificity, and the possible
      ways of transport of colicins across the outer membrane.

PMID- 388937
TI  - Colicin receptors and the mechanisms of colicin uptake.
AB  - This review deals in detail with the nature, synthesis, physiologic functions,
      and the regulation of colicin receptors, which represent components of
      transportsystems, as well as with the two mechanisms of the colicin uptake within
      the groups A and B of colicins.

PMID- 388938
TI  - Immunoelectron microscopic localization of T proteins in the cell wall of
      Streptococcus pyogenes.
AB  - T proteins of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci) were localized by
      means of immunochromatographical isolated anti-T-antibodies. For the electron
      microscopical detection both the direct and the indirect immunoferritin
      techniques were used. The arrangement of the ferritin particles showed, that the
      T proteins are evenly distributed on the whole cell surface. They are immediately
      bound to the outer layer of the cell wall or to only short filaments. On isolated
      cell walls the T protein was detected only on the outer surface.

PMID- 388940
TI  - Discrepancies Between strong immunochemical relations of S. typhimurium and S.
      kentucky and their behaviour "in vivo".
AB  - Proteins from S. typhimurium and from S. kentucky strongly cross-precipitated
      against sera prepared in rabbits with the respective strains; agglutinations
      paralleled the precipitations. The related antigens were, however, not involved
      in "in vivo" cross-protections. Mice immunized with proteins from S. kentucky
      resisted the toxicity of the homologous strain and that of a concentration of S.
      emek which killed the controls but did not survive the infection with 1LD100 of
      S. typhimurium. There was a long delay in the death of those mice infected with
      S. typhimurium while the mice immunized with S. typhimurium proteins were killed
      by the toxicity of 1LD100 S. kentucky, like the controls, within 20 hours. The
      results strikingly underline the specificity of host-parasite relations and the
      need for circumspection when involving common antigens in either virulence or
      toxicity.

PMID- 388939
TI  - [Isolation of a carbon dioxide-dependent strain of E. coli from the urine of a
      patient with chronic pyelonephritis (author's transl)].
AB  - Since anaerobic culture techniques were introduced into bacteriological routine
      laboratories reports increase about Enterobacteria, which doesn't grow under
      normal culture conditions. We recently isolated a carbon-dioxide dependent strain
      of E. coli, which didn't grow aerobically even on optimized culture mediums.
      Though the species was at first isolated in an anaerobic jar further
      investigation showed optimal growth in an atmosphere containing 20 per cent
      oxygen enriched with (10 per cent) carbon dioxide. There are some indications
      that the mutant developed under chemotherapy. A serological grouping wasn't
      possible.

PMID- 388941
TI  - The numerous common antigens of enterobacteriaceae.
AB  - A mosaic of proteins is synthesized by each of the Enterobacterial species grown
      on artificial media (tryptose-agar, Difco). Their existence was proven with the
      help of sera prepared in rabbits with proteins from: S. enteritidis, S. typhi, S.
      typhimurium, S. paratyphi C, E. coli, and Sh. sonnei. The induced antibodies,
      strongly precipitated numerous heterologous Enterobacterial proteins. The
      proteins of Sh. dysenteriae 4, although reacting against the heterologous sera,
      were poor immunogens and induced, mainly, homologous antibodies. Comparative agar
      gel diffusions of the same proteins against the antiproteinic sera and
      corresponding antibacterial sera proved that the bacteria induced fewer
      antibodies against a reduced number of heterologous antigens. Thus, it is evident
      that a competition among the numerous antigens of a bacterium takes place when
      whole bacteria are used for immunizations. The differences in the degree of
      relatedness of Salmonellae, Shigellae, and E. coli are illustrated by their
      reactions in agar-gel against homologous and heterologous sera. The serological
      activity of heated proteins (1 hr at 100 degrees C) against the antiproteinic
      sera differed according to the intrinsic qualities of the analysed materials.

PMID- 388942
TI  - The prevalence of anaerobic bacteria in suprapubic bladder aspirates obtained
      from pregnant women.
AB  - The incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria due to aerobic, facultative anaerobic
      and strictly anaerobic bacteria during pregnancy was determined in 185 patients
      admitted for complications of pregnancy, using suprapubic bladder aspiration.
      Anaerobic bacterial counts of 103 per ml urine or higher were detected in 6.4 per
      cent of the specimens. The incidence of anaerobic bacteriuria seems comparable to
      that of bacteriuria due to aerobic and facultative anaerobic micro organisms. In
      our group of patients the incidence of the latter was 5.4%. The presence of
      anaerobic bacteria was not confined to the occurrence of a particular species.
      Peptostreptococcus species, Veillonella species, Bacteroides species, Eubacterium
      species, Clostridium species and Bifidobacterium species were isolated from
      specimens in concentrations of more than 103 per ml. Consequences of asymptomatic
      bacteriuria during pregnancy are totally uncertain. Further investigation is
      necessary to obtain insight into the effect of bacteriuria due to anaerobes upon
      the outcome of pregnancy.

PMID- 388943
TI  - Blood cultures with the BACTEC 225 radiometric microbial growth detection system.
AB  - The BACTEC 225 automated radiometric blood culture system was compared with a
      conventional blood culture bottle method for its ability to improve the rapid
      laboratory diagnosis of bacteremia in cancer patients. The BACTEC 225, in
      combination with routine blind subcultures and smears of radiometrically negative
      culture vials, detected two thirds, of all positive cultures within 24 h and
      shortered the detection time generally by 24-48 h. With the recommended growth
      index setting of 30, radiometrically false-positive findings are rare and are
      usually due to leukocytosis resulting from infection or leukemia.

PMID- 388944
TI  - Isolation of Francisella tularensis from mites Haemogamasus nidi and Laelaps
      hilaris in western slovakia.
AB  - Isolating of F. tularensis from gamasid mites H. nidi parasitizing on the bank
      vole (Cl. glareolus) and L. hilaris on the common vole (M. arvalis) are reported.
      The epidemiological significance of this finding is discussed.

PMID- 388945
TI  - Different appearance of parasitized erythrocytes in blood between normal and
      toxoplasma-infected rats after infection of Plasmodium berghei.
AB  - When normal rats were infected with Plasmodium berghei (Pb), both IgG and IgM
      immunofluorescent antibody titers were found to rise in the 1st week with
      increase of parasitaemia. After reinoculation of P. berghei into Pb-immune rats,
      IgG titer was further increased remarkably, although no parasitaemia was
      observed. No elevation of IgM titer was found. In rats infected with Toxoplasma
      gondii (Tg), IgG and IgM antibody activities were demonstrated in the 1st to the
      3rd week postinfection but only IgG titer was maintained to the 16th week. The
      challenge with T. gondii to Tg-immune rats stimulated the further increase in IgG
      titer but not in IgM. When Tg-immune rats were infected with P. berghei, little
      or no parasitaemia appeared. In infection of P. berghei in Tg-immune rats which
      were treated with anti-rat thymocyte serum (ATS) beforehand, highly increased
      parasitaemia was usually found in the rats as compared with that in ATS non
      treated rats. Pb-immune macrophages were more effective in phagocytosis of Pb
      parasitized erythrocytes in vitro than normal or Tg-immune macrophages. When Pb
      parasitized erythrocytes were preincubated with fresh Pb-immune serum, the
      phagocytosis rate of macrophages was clearly heightened. It was observed that the
      phagocytic activity of normal macrophages to Pb-parasitized erythrocytes was
      stimulated by addition of the supernatant (lymphokines) taken from the incubation
      of Tg-immune lymphocytes with Tg-antigen or Pb-antigen.

PMID- 388946
TI  - Fundamental studies on macrophage migration inhibitory factor(s) in the
      supernatant from spleen cells in mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii.
AB  - When migration inhibitory factor (MIF) assay in vitro was conducted on the
      lymphokines (LKs), it was observed that the percentage of MIF activity was
      greatly increased from the 3rd to the 4th week postinfection. On the succeeding
      weeks there was a noticeable decrease in the MIF activity noted on the 8th week
      postinfection of Toxoplasma. MIF activity was examined at 1, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 48
      hours in non-immune spleen cells as well as Toxoplasma immune spleen cells in the
      2nd week after the final challenge inoculation. MIF activity in Toxoplasma immune
      spleen cells were 2, 21, 29, 54, 70 and 93 percentage, respectively. The MIF
      activity of hyperimmunized spleen cells produced an activity of approximately 50%
      at 18 hours as compared to the non-immune spleen cells. Characterization of the
      MIF was performed using Sephadex G-100 and DEAE Sephadex A 50. Two distinct peaks
      of MIF were identified and separated by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration,
      calculating molecular weights between 30,000 to 40,000 and 3,000 to 5,000,
      respectively. When the fast peak by Sephadex G-100 was eluted again in DEAE
      Sephadex A 50, the peak was separated into 4 units, all units showing MIF
      activity.

PMID- 388947
TI  - Serological cross-reactions between toxoplasma and hammondia.
AB  - Toxoplasma and Hammondia infected mice, dogs, rabbits, and pigs were tested for
      Toxoplasma antibodies by means of 5 serological methods. All Toxoplasma infected
      animals showed Toxoplasma-specific antibodies. Only sera of Hammondia infected
      mice and dogs showed positive serological reactions with Toxoplasma antigen in
      the SFT, CFT, and ELISA. IFAT and IHA, however, proved to be Toxoplasma-specific.
      The influence of Hammondia infections on the Toxoplasma serology is discussed.

PMID- 388948
TI  - Babesia microti: morphology, distribution and host relationship in Germany.
AB  - A short review has been given about recent studies on Babesia microti in natural
      animal host's near Munich (Southern Germany). An infected area has been studied
      in order to elucidate the outdoor relationship between the local strains and
      their preferred hosts, the European field vole Microtus agrestis. The seasonal
      variation of the parasites prevalence in voles shows a rise in the early
      summertime (71% of the catches infected). Roundish forms predominate in the
      erythrocytes. Multiplication never takes place by binary fission, but in "Maltese
      cross" form or budding-like. Normally the parasite is enveloped with a simple
      elementary membrane only, as shown by electron microscopy. The arthropod host is
      still not identified, infections of human beings not observed. This is the first
      finding and full description of B. microti in Germany.

PMID- 388949
TI  - [Microbial emission, immission and changes in the germ count in the cooling water
      during operation of wet cooling towers III. communication: laboratory tests for
      the determination of the reduction kinetics of Escherichia coli in cooling tower
      plumes (author's transl)].
AB  - The present paper reports on laboratory tests for the determination of the
      reduction rate of micro-organisms. The investigations were carried out with a
      pure culture of E. coli, a germ type from the enterobacterial group. By a
      suitable variation of the thermodynamic parameters it was possible to simulate
      the conditions through which the cooling tower plume passes inside the chimney of
      the cooling tower and when it mixes with ambient air. The results allow the
      following changes in the germ counts in the plume of a wet cooling tower to be
      expected: 1. As long as the cooling tower plume contains droplets, the capacity
      of the carried germs to form colonies does not change materially. 2. In the case
      of unsaturated plumes we must distinguish between two situations: a) The tests in
      which the germ suspension was sprayed into unsaturated air without any admixture
      of secondary air, did not demonstrate any dependence of the reduction rate on the
      relative humidity. b) In contrast to this, the tests in which the germ-carrying
      droplets were evaporated by admixing a stream of unsaturated secondary air,
      showed that the capacity to form colonies clearly decreased with diminishing
      relative air humidity. Case b) is of importance for the dissemination and
      immission of germs from cooling towers, because here, too, the visible plume
      initially laden with drops is dried by the admixture of unsaturated ambient air.

PMID- 388950
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of various methods of determining
      the immunity in those inoculated against tularemia].

PMID- 388951
TI  - [Aleksandr Vasil'evich Markovich].

PMID- 388952
TI  - [Microbes of the family Bacterioidaceae in human and animal pathology].

PMID- 388953
TI  - The smoB mutation suppressing cell filamentation and ability to support the
      multiplication of phage P22 in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Isolation and properties of a Salmonella typhimurium mutant smoB are described.
      The mutation maps at unit 99 of the S. typhimurium chromosome between pyrB and
      deoC. It suppresses cell filamentation and temperature sensitivity of histidine
      constitutive mutants, but does not restore the normal regulatory pattern to the
      histidine operon. Strains carrying the mutation have greatly reduced ability to
      support the growth of phage P22, but not of ES18 or Felix O.

PMID- 388954
TI  - On the different response of Salmonella typhimurium hisG46 and TA1530 to
      mutagenic action of base analogues.
AB  - Various mutagens are known to induce more his+ revertants in TA1530 than in
      hisG46 strain. To test whether the mutator effect shown by TA1530 is limited to
      the his mutation, the lysA8 marker was introduced into both the TA1530 and hisG46
      strain, and its reversibility, after induction by N4-hydroxycytidine, was
      estimated. The ability to reverse the lys marker was tenfold higher in the
      TA1530/lysA8 transductants than in the hisG46/lysA8 transductants or in the donor
      for lys, the lysA8 strain.

PMID- 388955
TI  - Properties of cysK mutants of Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - Triazole and azaserine resistant mutants of E. coli K12 affecting cysK gene
      coding for O-acetylserine sulphydrylase were isolated. The cysK gene in E. coli
      is located in the same region of chromosome as the cycK gene in Salmonella
      typhimurium. All azaserine and some triazole resistant mutants require cysteine
      for growth at a normal rate. The cysK mutants have reduced sulphate uptake.
      Stability and transfer by conjugation of triazole resistant phenotype were
      checked. Differences in sulphate metabolism between closely related organisms E.
      coli and S. typhimurium are discussed.

PMID- 388957
TI  - Integration of F factor and cryptic LT2 plasmid into a specific site of the
      Salmonella typhimurium chromosome.
AB  - Suppression of dnaA mutation by F'lac and cryptic LT2 plasmid was used for
      selecting clones containing these plasmids integrated into rfa and galK genes.

PMID- 388958
TI  - [Magnetocardiography].

PMID- 388956
TI  - Effect of temperature and 4,6'-diamidine-2-phenylindole on restriction of
      supercoiled Col E1 DNA by Eco RI endonuclease.
AB  - Supercoiled Col E1 DNA is split by Eco RI endonuclease at 37 degrees C without
      intermediate formation of open circular DNA. Accumulation of this restriction
      product is observed at low temperature. The fluorescent dye, 4,6'-diamidine-2
      phenylindole (DAPI) inhibits restriction by Eco RI endonuclease. This effect is
      due to the DAPI:DNA rather than to the DAPI:Eco RI interactions.

PMID- 388959
TI  - Acute myocardial infarction: coronary care unit, hospital ward or home
      management?
AB  - The need of admission of all patients with acute myocardial infarction in a CCU
      is questioned by some british authors. A critical review of their publications
      stresses the most important methodological problems they could not overcome;
      consequently they cannot allow any valuable comparison. There are no randomized
      trial related to the comparison of general ward to CCU care, but the available
      data obtained by studies based on bed availability show a definite advantage of
      the CCU. At the present stage of our knowledge, admission in a CCU must be
      recommended to all  patients seen in the first hours after the presumed onset of
      the disease; after some delay (12 h?) systematic admission is not justified any
      more and the decision should be taken according to each case, in relation to the
      clinical status and familial or social conditions.

PMID- 388960
TI  - In memory of Pasquale Pasquini.

PMID- 388961
TI  - Localization of species-specific sperm-binding factor in sea urchin eggs with
      immunofluorescent probe.

PMID- 388962
TI  - [Bibliography].

PMID- 388963
TI  - Effects of PGI2 on platelet aggregation induced by various stimulants.

PMID- 388964
TI  - [The radiological diagnosis of the hemodynamic situation in the pulmonary
      circulation in chronic obstrictive ventilation disorders].
AB  - Hemodynamic consequences, especially in view of a developing pulmonary
      hypertension are essential factors regarding the course and prognosis of an
      obstructive airflow disturbance. The characteristic roentgen symptoms of
      pulmonary vascular changes in a group of patients are collected and statistically
      evaluated to find those symptoms correlating best with the results of cardiac
      catheterisation. The importantce of using not a single symptom but characteristic
      groups of symptoms for the radiological diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension is
      stressed. Radiological signs of increased pulmonary pressure do not directly
      correlate to the degree of direct measurements, false positive radiological
      reports need not be expected. Positive radiological symptoms indicate
      irreversible anatomical changes in pulmonary circulation. For the individual
      patient the pulmonary arterial pressure by cardiac catheterisation alone is not
      sufficient for the diagnosis and prognosis of this case as in obstructive air-way
      disturbance two definitely different types of diseases, namely type A (emphysema)
      and type B (bronchitis) with divergent hemodynamic consequences must be
      distinguished. For this differentiation the radiological evaluation of the
      anatomical situation is essential.

PMID- 388965
TI  - Presence of neurofilament protein in Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles (ANT).
      An immunofluorescent study.

PMID- 388967
TI  - [Subtraction arthrography in loosening of total hip prostheses].

PMID- 388968
TI  - Some thoughts on feeling of omnipotence and impotence in the child psychiatrist.

PMID- 388966
TI  - SSPE: immunohistochemical demonstration of measles virus antigen(s) in paraffin
      sections.
AB  - We used the indirect immunoperoxidase method to study formalin-fixed, paraffin
      embedded brain sections of four autopsied subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
      (SSPE) patients. Specific reactions with measles virus antigens was noted in all
      cases. Positive staining was observed in neurons and glia cells and both nucleus
      and cytoplasm were usually stained in these positive cells. Electron microscopy
      revealed intranuclear and intracytoplasmic nucleocapsids stained with electron
      dense reaction products. Our findings suggest that for immunoperoxidase studies
      of SSPE formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material can be used.

PMID- 388969
TI  - A psychological crisis in puberty.

PMID- 388970
TI  - [The development of suicidal activities in childhood and puberty with regard to
      therapeutic-prophylactic aspects].

PMID- 388971
TI  - [Self mutilation in adolescence].

PMID- 388972
TI  - [Vicious and criminal disposition observed in a small girl].

PMID- 388973
TI  - [Therapy of aggression in children].

PMID- 388974
TI  - The result of twenty-one elective mute cases.

PMID- 388975
TI  - [Study of the play behavior of mentally retarded children].

PMID- 388976
TI  - [Psychic care of pediatric patients].

PMID- 388977
TI  - [Follow up studies of young patients with multiple tics with special reference to
      the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome].

PMID- 388978
TI  - [Deadly mothers? Insufficiently good mothers? Fathers? Reflections on three
      families with two children in a day clinic (second part)].

PMID- 388979
TI  - [Electrophysiological actions and pharmacological evaluation of anti-arrhythmic
      drugs (author's transl)].

PMID- 388980
TI  - [Progress of pharmacological studies on Ganodermas in China (author's transl)].

PMID- 388982
TI  - Effects of fluorostigmine, toxogonin and atropine on monoamine oxidase activity
      and the level of biogenic amines in mouse brain.
AB  - Effects of fluorostigmine, toxogonin and atropine on monoamine oxidase activity
      and the level of biogenic amines in mouse brain. Acta physiol. pol., 1979, 30
      (4): 437--444. Fluorostigmine (DFP) given i.p. to mice in doses of 1.2 and 2.45
      mg/kg reduced MAO activity in the brain. Given in doses of 0.6 and 1.2 mg/kg it
      reduced the level of noradrenaline and dopamine as well as 5-hydroxytryptamine in
      the brain. DFP in such doses had no effect on the brain level of 5
      hydroxyindoloacetic acid. Toxogonin (5 mg/kg i.p.) or atropine (5 mg/kg i.p.)
      given together with DFP reduced or abolished completely the inhibitory effect of
      DFP.

PMID- 388981
TI  - A new anti-inflammatory derivative of imidazole which is less ulcerogenic than
      indomethacin in rats.
AB  - The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity and ulcerogenicity of (2
      dimethylamino-1(2)-methyl) ethyl ester of the 1-(2-carboxyethyl)-2-(p
      chlorophenyl)-4,5-bis-(p-methoxyphenyl)-imidazole (A-162-ester) was compared with
      that of indomethacin in rats and enzymatic preparations derived from other
      species. A-162-ester was found to be deesterified in plasma to A-162. A-162-ester
      was about 3 times less anti-inflammatory and about 17 times less ulcerogenic than
      indomethacin. A-162-ester, when given orally, decreased prostaglandin I2 (PGI2)
      biosynthesis by gastric mucosa. The IC50 was close to the ulcerogenic ED50.
      Indomethacin--in the same test--was 37 times more potent than A-162-ester and the
      PGI2 inhibition and ulcerogenic dose-response curves for indomethacin were
      parallel. In other in vitro systems of prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis, the
      inhibitory activity of A-162 was comparable to that of indomethacin. It is
      concluded that the ulcerogenicity of indomethacin results from a high affinity of
      this drug to gastric mucosal wall PG-synthetase which leads to decreased PGI3
      formation at this site. The relatively low ulcerogenicity of A-162-ester most
      probable results from a lower affinity of this drug to the same site.

PMID- 388983
TI  - Regional blood flow in canine myocardium as determined by local washout of a
      freely diffusable radioactive indicator.
AB  - The aim of this study has been to examine the utility of the washout of a freely
      diffusable radioactive indicator as a measure of regional myocardial blood flow
      in open-chest anesthetized dogs. The method employed was direct intramyocardial
      injection of Xenon-133 followed by measurement of its gamma-radiation. The
      experimental washout curves show, after a short acceleration period,
      monoexponential washout of the indicator over two decades. We found indications
      of insignificant veno-arterial shunting by diffusion of the blood flow level
      measured, insignificant arterial recirculation of the indicator, and minimal
      radioactive contribution to precordial residue versus time curves arising from
      right heart or non-myocardial tissue. We suggest that diffusion equilibrium
      between the tissue in the counting field and the blood leaving it is maintained
      during the linear down slope of two decades of the clearance curve, and that
      local blood flow can be calculated from washout rate constant obtained from this
      part of the curve. The method employing intramyocardial injection of Xenon-133
      was found to give the same results as atraumatic epicardial labelling indicating
      negligible effect of the injection trauma and supporting the validity of the
      local injection method using small volumes (2-10 microliter).

PMID- 388984
TI  - Measurements of cardiac output and organ blood flow in rats using 99Tcm labelled
      microspheres.
AB  - The cardiac output and regional blood flow have been simultaneously determined in
      the anesthetized rat by using the reference organ method. 99Tcm labelled dextran
      15 micron microspheres were injected in the left ventricle while simultaneously
      an arterial reference sample was drawn at constant known rate. The values
      calculated regarding cardiac output agree well with previously recorded series.
      Regional organ blood flow in the rat is presented as ml . min-1 . g-1 tissue and
      values do agree with those reported by others. The results indicate that the
      reference organ method can be used in the rat for the study of cardiac output and
      regional blood flow.

PMID- 388985
TI  - Formation and action of prostacyclin in the isolated human umbilical artery.
AB  - The transformation of [1-14C]arachidonic acid by homogenates of human umbilical
      arteries was studied. The major compound formed was the stable end product of
      PGI2, i.e. 6-keto-PGF1 alpha (lactol form) as analyzed by gas-liquid
      chromatography-mass spectrometry. PGI2 was generated by incubating PGH2 with a
      lyophilized pig aorta microsome preparation. PGI2 concentrations around 10 ng/ml
      relaxed the human umbilical artery preparation significantly. Formation of PGI2
      by umbilical arteries during pregnancy might be a mechanism for regulation of
      blood flow to the fetus.

PMID- 388986
TI  - Comparison of effects of hydroxyurea on DNA synthesis and dihydrofolate reductase
      activity in the mouse spleen and the myelopoietic tissue.

PMID- 388988
TI  - The comparative antidepressant value of lofepramine and amitriptyline. Results of
      a controlled trial with comments on the scales used.
AB  - A double-blind controlled trial comparing the antidepressant activity of
      amitriptyline with lofepramine is reported. Forty-six patients entered the 4-week
      trial. Analysis of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores at the beginning
      and end of the trial showed no significant difference between the therapeutic
      efficacy of lofepramine and amitriptyline. However, patients with endogenous
      depression responded significantly more rapidly to lofepramine as measured by
      Visual Analogue Scales and showed a significantly greater degree of clinical
      improvement after 4 weeks' treatment, as measured by Global Assessment. Adverse
      effects were similar in the two treatment groups. The use of rating scales in
      trials of depressive illnesses is discussed. The Visual Analogue Scale for
      depression was found to be a simple, useful and valid measure.

PMID- 388987
TI  - Comparison of Vivalan (viloxazine hydrochloride) with imipramine in the treatment
      of depression. A double-blind study.
AB  - Twenty-eight hospitalized patients with depressive illness entered a double-blind
      trial to compare viloxazine hydrochloride (Vivalan) with imipramine. Both drugs
      produced a statistically significant improvement in the depressive symptoms as
      early as the 7th day, measured by the HRS. A side effects check-list showed no
      significant difference between Vivalan and imipramine. A lack of anticholinergic
      effects was noted in the Vivalan group although upper gastro-intestinal side
      effects were more frequent. Two patients in the Vivalan group withdrew due to
      gastric symptoms.

PMID- 388989
TI  - Clinical trials of Sulindac in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis.

PMID- 388990
TI  - [Post-Salmonella rheumatism (author's transl)].

PMID- 388991
TI  - Role of hydrazine in carcinogenesis.

PMID- 388993
TI  - On the multiform relationships between the tumor and the host.

PMID- 388994
TI  - The endocrine pancreas and juvenile diabetes.

PMID- 388995
TI  - Robert Lawrence Jackson.

PMID- 388996
TI  - The endocrine pancreas, past and present.

PMID- 388992
TI  - Experimental intestinal cancer research with special reference to human
      pathology.

PMID- 388997
TI  - Biochemical derangements in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 388998
TI  - Biochemistry of the basement membrane in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 388999
TI  - Diabetes mellitus challenges for the future.
AB  - The future in diabetic research is both stimulating and exciting. Diagnostic
      subclassification as to specific etiology appears well underway and will provide
      a more scientific basis for therapeutic approaches. The importance of the
      histocompatibility complex and its many secrets are rapidly becoming apparent in
      the etiology of juvenile diabetes. Further studies in obesity and the
      neuroendocrines may solve adult-onset diabetes. Pancreatic transplantation and
      artificial devices may provide important therapeutic approaches. Further genetic
      explorations will, no doubt, provide clarity to the somewhat muddy picture of
      both etiology and complications. The challenges are here, let's hope that enough
      young scientists hear the call to provide the manpower to solve this major
      dilemma.

PMID- 389000
TI  - Glucagon: secretion and actions.

PMID- 389001
TI  - Somatostatin--another pancreatic islet hormone.

PMID- 389002
TI  - The regulatory and effector roles of eosinophils.

PMID- 389003
TI  - Viruses and parasitism in insects.

PMID- 389004
TI  - The formation of virus crystalline and paracrystalline arrays for electron
      microscopy and image analysis.

PMID- 389005
TI  - Structural components and replication of arenaviruses.

PMID- 389006
TI  - Polyamines and virus multiplication.

PMID- 389007
TI  - Prevalence of Treponema hyodysenteriae in healthy pigs.

PMID- 389008
TI  - Relationship between production of enterotoxin and various drug resistance
      patterns in strains of Escherichia coli isolated from piglets suffering from
      colienterotoxaemia.

PMID- 389010
TI  - Roster of members of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf 1979.

PMID- 389009
TI  - The distribution of cadmium between cellular subfractions in cadmium-sensitive
      and cadmium-resistant Staphyloccus aureus.

PMID- 389011
TI  - Interfacing an inexpensive home computer to the videodisc: educational
      applications for the hearing impaired.

PMID- 389012
TI  - Illustrating language through computer generated animation.

PMID- 389013
TI  - Computer-assisted instruction at the California School for the Deaf--past,
      present, and future: an administrator's view.

PMID- 389014
TI  - Some considerations in selecting a microcomputer for school.

PMID- 389015
TI  - Media based interactive visual image controlled (Vis-I-Con) instruction delivery
      system for instruction of deaf and hearing impaired.

PMID- 389017
TI  - L-tryptophan for treatment of depression?

PMID- 389016
TI  - Education of the hearing impaired in India: a survey.

PMID- 389018
TI  - Franz Kafka. A Country Doctor: the narrator as dreamer.

PMID- 389019
TI  - The Canterbury Tales: anxiety release and wish fulfillment.

PMID- 389020
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the subarachnoid space in the dog: evidence for a
      non-hematogenous origin of subarachnoid macrophages.
AB  - Injection of viable BCG into the subarachnoid space of immunized and non
      immunized dogs produced a 10-fold increase in the populations of pial free cells.
      In immunized animals injected three days previously with BCG, stereoscopic SEM
      revealed that many pial cells had rounded up and were protruding into the
      subarachnoid space. With continued rounding these cells took on amoeboid
      characteristics, with shapes that suggested a capacity for cell movement.
      Internally, these pial cells possessed an increased volume of perinuclear
      cytoplasm and organelles. Reactive pial cells could be distinguished from
      macrophages of presumed hematogenous origin on the basis of their surface
      morphology. These findings suggested that pial cells had the ability to alter
      their normal structural and behavioral characteristics and to become macrophage
      like under these conditions of secondary challenge by BCG.

PMID- 389021
TI  - Underappreciated pioneers. Quetelet: man and index.

PMID- 389023
TI  - Effects of differences in amount and kind of dietary carbohydrate on plasma
      glucose and insulin responses in man.
AB  - The effect of variations in kind and amount of dietary carbohydrate on plasma
      glucose and insulin responses was studied in normal subjects and in patients with
      chemical diabetes. Plasma glucose and insulin responses fell when the proportion
      of total calories given as carbohydrate were decreased by 15% (coincidental with
      a comparable increase in dietary fat). Associated with the lower plasma glucose
      and insulin concentrations was a fall in fasting and postprandial triglyceride
      levels. Plasma glucose and insulin responses were also lower when equivalent
      carbohydrate challenges were given as part of a mixed meal, as compared to a
      drink. Furthermore, carbohydrate given as starch also led to an attenuated
      glucose and insulin response when compared to an equivalent amount of glucose
      administered as either dextrose or sucrose. Finally, significant differences were
      also seen after the ingestion of different kinds of starch, with potato being the
      most like dextrose, and rice the least. These results indicate that differences
      in amount and kind of ingested carbohydrate can modify ensuing plasma glucose and
      insulin responses, and raise the possibility that such dietary manipulation may
      have some therapeutic utility in patients with abnormal carbohydrate and lipid
      metabolism.

PMID- 389022
TI  - Retinoic acid--a review.
AB  - Retinoic acid (RA) is now considered anormal metabolite of vitamin A. It has been
      established that RA maintains health and supports growth in animals but differs
      from other forms of vitamin A in that RA does not function in visual or
      reproductive processes. RA and RA analogs also differ from other forms of vitamin
      A in: absorption, transport, metabolism, storage, turnover, biochemical
      functions, excretion, pharmacology, and toxicology.

PMID- 389025
TI  - Dietary fat and atherosclerosis.

PMID- 389024
TI  - The relationship of dietary cholesterol to serum cholesterol concentration and to
      atherosclerosis in man.

PMID- 389027
TI  - Obesity: adverse effects on health and longevity.

PMID- 389026
TI  - Carbohydrates, sucrose, and human disease.

PMID- 389028
TI  - Review of the evidence linking alcohol consumption with liver disease and
      atherosclerotic disease.

PMID- 389029
TI  - The relationship of salt to hypertension.

PMID- 389030
TI  - An essay on some of the fundamental philosophical tenets found in traditional
      Chinese medicine.

PMID- 389031
TI  - Chordoma. A clinicopathologic study of metastasis.
AB  - Thirty cases of chordoma were reviewed with respect to the incidence of distant
      metastases. Follow-up information was obtained in 27 (90%), and the incidence of
      metastases was approximately 30%. The sites of the metastasizing primary tumors
      were predominantly sacral and vertebral. The sites of the metastases were
      predominantly skin and bone, although metastases were found in the lungs and
      lymph nodes. In two of the three patients with dermal metastases, the metastases
      were present prior to the diagnosis of the primary lesions. All three dermal
      metastases were initially diagnosed as mixed tumors of the skin, and all three
      patients had at least four such lesions of the skin. Accurate prediction of which
      chordomas will eventually metastasize is difficult. Clinically, local
      aggressiveness and radiotherapy were positively correlated with this ability;
      histologically, more anaplastic chordomas were more likely to metastasize.

PMID- 389032
TI  - Clinical usefulness of the Crithida luciliae test for antibodies to native DNA.
AB  - The Crithidia luciliae assay (CL-IF) for antibodies to native DNA was found to be
      significantly more sensitive and specific for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
      than the Farr radioimmunoassay (RIA). High titers of antibodies to native DNA
      were seen exclusively in patients wtih SLE using the CL-IF test. The titers
      correlated with the activity of SLE and nephritis, in that the highest titers
      occurred in patients with active disease and severe nephritis, the lowest in
      patients with inactive lupus and normal renal function. Favorable responses to
      therapy were associated with decreases in CL-IF titers. The CL-IF assay can
      detect complement-fixing antibodies to native DNA. Their presence correlated with
      the disease activity and nephritis in SLE patients. The simple and inexpensive CL
      IF test could either replace the RIA in clinical laboratories or be used in
      conjunction with the RIA as a confirmatory test for antibodies to native DNA.

PMID- 389033
TI  - The efficacies of common dyes in primary isolation media for recovery of
      pathogenic fungi.
AB  - Dyes incorporated into a basal medium of brain heart infusion, Sabhi, tryptic
      soy, or yeast extract--pepton--glucose (YxPG) agar for selective isolation of
      fungi were investigated. Dilutions of 1:500, 1:750, 1:1,000, 1:5,000, and
      1:10,000 of 33 common dyes were tested against 11 gram-positive and 16 gram
      negative bacteria. In addition, these dyes were tested against Cryptococcus
      neoformans, Candida albicans, and the dimorphic phases of Histoplasma capsulatum
      and Blastomyces dermatitidis. Twenty-one of the dyes did not inhibit any of the
      organisms tested. Brilliant green, gentian violet, and malachite green (at three
      dilutions) inhibited all the organisms tested. Methyl red was found to be the
      best dye in selecting for fungi. Several dyes were also found to inhibit
      selectively C. neoformans or C. albicans and the dimorphic fungi H. capsulatum or
      B. dermatitidis.

PMID- 389034
TI  - Antimicrobial selection for meningitis in young infants.
AB  - Organisms causing community-acquired meningitis in the first four months of life
      were reviewed. Species of Streptococcus and Enterobacteriaceae were preponderant
      in the neonatal period, whereas S pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were
      preponderant after the first month of life. The Enterobacteriaceae, other than
      Salmonella, were not associated with meningitis after one month of age.
      Implications for antimicrobial selection were considered.

PMID- 389035
TI  - Sensitivity of group A streptococci to antibiotics. Prevalence of resistance to
      erythromycin in Japan.
AB  - More than 60% of all strains of group A streptococci isolated during the period
      from 1974 to 1975 from children with streptococcal infections in Hokkaido
      district, Japan, were highly resistant to erythromycin. These strains were found
      to be multiply resistant to lincomycin hydrochloride monohydrate,
      chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, and were exclusively type 12 by T-protein
      typing. The clinical symptoms produced by these organisms were rather mild,
      responded to penicillin well, and were rarely complicated with
      glomerulonephritis. The high prevalence of resistant group A streptococci was
      nationwide, which may have been related to recent excessive use of erythromycin
      and other macrolide antibiotics. Erythromycin can no longer be considered the
      drug of choice in the management of streptococcal infections in Japan. This
      suggests that a periodic surveillance of antibiotic sensitivity of streptococcal
      isolates may be necessary in other countries in which macrolide antibiotics are
      frequently prescribed.

PMID- 389037
TI  - Hyaline membrane disease. Comparison of continuous negative pressure and nasal
      positive airway pressure in its treatment.
AB  - The effectiveness of continuous negative pressure (CNP) and nasal continuous
      positive airway pressure (CPAP) in the treatment of hyaline membrane disease and
      the incidence of complications were compared in 36 preterm infants randomly
      treated with CNP or nasal CPAP. Both methods of treatment were effective in
      increasing PaO2 and allowing a decrease in inspired O2 concentration. The time
      required with mechanical assistance and with an O2 concentration of more than 40%
      was equal in both groups. In the CNP group, four infants required mechanical
      ventilation because of clinical deterioration whereas in the nasal CPAP group,
      seven needed this type of therapy. Three infants in each group had extraalveolar
      air, and two patients in each group died. The results suggest that both methods
      of applying continuous distending airway pressure are effective. Nasal CPAP has
      the advantages of easier application and better access to the infant.

PMID- 389036
TI  - Streptococcal pharyngitis therapy. A comparison of two erythromycin formulations.
AB  - The recommended dosage of erythromycin, without regard to the formulation
      prescribed, for children with streptococcal pharyngitis is 30 to 40 mg/kg/day. We
      previously reported an acceptable streptococcal eradication rate among patients
      with pharyngitis treated with erythromycin estolate, 20 mg/kg/day. In this study,
      an extension of the earlier one, the efficacy of this same dosage of erythromycin
      estolate was compared with a 40 mg/kg/day dosage of erythromycin ethylsuccinate.
      Streptococcal eradication rates were nearly identical in the two groups of
      patients. The efficacy of erythromycin estolate at a dosage lower than that
      recommended for children is most likely explained on pharmacologic grounds:
      better absorption and higher levels in serum and tissue than those achieved with
      other erythromycin formulations. It seems rational to calculate required dosages
      of erythromycin on the basis of the formulation being administered.

PMID- 389038
TI  - Frequency of use or abuse of amphetamine-related drugs.
AB  - A survey was done on over 10,000 urine samples from the Los Angeles County
      Probation Department and methadone maintenance programs to determine the
      frequency of use of eight sympathomimetic amine drugs including amphetamine,
      methamphetamine, ephedrine, mephentermine, phendimetrazine, beta-phenethylamine,
      phenmetrazine, and phentermine. As expected, the frequency of use of amphetamine
      was relatively high followed by phentermine, ephedrine, and methamphetamine. The
      extensive use of ephedrine and phentermine may warrant testing for these drugs on
      a more routine basis in drug monitoring programs.

PMID- 389039
TI  - State of the art. Primary biliary cirrhosis and the immune system.
AB  - The immunologic features of diseases associated with primary biliary cirrhosis
      (PBC) such as Sjorgren's syndrome, scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis and others
      are reviewed. Immunologic abnormalities involving both humoral and cell mediated
      immunity have been found in PBC. The morphologic and immunologic data have been
      used to propose a pathogenetic mechanism for PBC. Recent studies of penicillamine
      indicate that the drug may influence liver copper content and the deposition of
      immune complexes.

PMID- 389040
TI  - Water hardness and cardiovascular diseases.

PMID- 389041
TI  - The role of chemical constituents of drinking water in cardiovascular diseases.

PMID- 389042
TI  - Organic chemical contaminants in drinking water and cancer.

PMID- 389043
TI  - Synthetic DNA and medicine.

PMID- 389044
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: clinical pharmacology and therapeutic use of antimycotic
      drugs.

PMID- 389045
TI  - Benign primary hematuria. Clinicopathologic study of 65 patients.

PMID- 389046
TI  - Temporal arteritis.

PMID- 389047
TI  - Microbiology problem: beta-hemolytic streptococcus.

PMID- 389048
TI  - Antimicrobials 1977.

PMID- 389049
TI  - Amenorrhea: observations based on the analysis of luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone testing.

PMID- 389050
TI  - Ovulation induction with luteinizing hormone--releasing hormone in amenorrheic,
      infertile women.
AB  - Thirteen women with infertility thought due to anovulation were treated with LRH.
      Etiologic diagnoses of amenorrhea included hypothalamic or "idiopathic" and PCOD.
      All patients had normal gonadotropins and otherwise normal endocrinologic and
      infertility evaluations; none had ovulated with clomiphene. Patients were studied
      for six 35 day cycles, single blind, and received LRH or placebo by subcutaneous
      injections for 28 days/cycle (LRH dosage 1.0 mg 2 or 3 times each day). Frequent
      assessments of physical status, cervical mucus, vaginal cytology, and serum LH,
      FSH, estrogen, and progesterone were performed. Ovulation was documented by basal
      temperature, serum progesterone and, on occasion, endometrial biopsy. Follow-up
      was continued for 6 months after therapy. Of the 13 patients treated, eight have
      ovulated and five have conceived. There were no complications of therapy.

PMID- 389052
TI  - Obituary. James Elzar Lebensohn. 1893-1979.

PMID- 389051
TI  - Pneumatosis oculi and spontaneous hyphema in association with pneumatosis
      intestinalis.
AB  - A premature infant with acute necrotizing enterocolitis, Escherichia coli sepsis,
      and disseminated intravascular coagulation developed spontaneous bilateral
      hyphemas at 3 days of age. The necrotizing enterocolitis was associated with gas
      bubbles in the intestinal walls. The anterior chambers of both eyes also
      contained bubbles of gas, formed possibly by a mechanism similar to those in the
      intestine.

PMID- 389053
TI  - Radial buckling of posterior retinal tears.
AB  - We devised a method for safely placing mattress sutures for radial scleral
      buckling of posterior retinal holes. The ability to pass the needle in the
      anteroposterior direction, as well as the ability to tie the posterior ends of
      the mattress suture anteriorly where they are easily accessible, makes this
      method of placing the mattress suture safe and effective for posterior radial
      buckles.

PMID- 389054
TI  - Robert E. Bannon, B.S., D.O.S.

PMID- 389055
TI  - Overlooked resources: the place of the library in visual science research.
AB  - Effective research should be based on familiarity with what has already been
      accomplished in the field. The best place to look for this information is a
      library, since even the most widely read professional may miss much that is
      relevant. Libraries not only provide access to their own holdings but assist the
      investigator by means of computerized literature searches and the use of indexes,
      abstracts, and other forms of printed reference material. Efficient use of
      library facilities can aid research and facilitate preparation of grant
      proposals.

PMID- 389056
TI  - Monroe J. Hirsch receives Charles F. Prentice Medal.

PMID- 389057
TI  - Prentice Memorial Lecture.

PMID- 389058
TI  - Treatment of compromised teeth: a multidisciplinary approach.
AB  - Treatment for uprighted abutment teeth that may have infrabony pockets can be
      considered complete when the following criteria are met: 1. The uprighted tooth
      is in its proper vertical axis. 2. There is a significant decrease in soft-tissue
      pocket depth. 3. Crestal leveling is evident radiographically. 4. Adequate space
      has been created to accommodate a pontic (minimally 6.5mm). The advantages of
      employing this orthodontic-periodontal technique are as follows: 1. Leveling of
      the osseous crest fosters pocket elimination obviating the necessity for removal
      of a great deal of supporting bone. Concomitantly, a significant decrease in
      pocket depth usually eliminated the need for periodontal surgery. 2. The
      resulting occlusal forces are placed in favorable axial inclinations. 3. There is
      an improved crown-to-root ratio, since the uprighted and extruded tooth is
      reduced to the level of the occlusal plane. This reduction is sufficient to
      improve considerably the prognosis of a questionable abutment tooth. 4. A pontic
      space is created for an esthetic and properly contoured pontic. 5. Parallelism is
      attained, so that the marginal integrity is more easily accomplished. 6. The
      orthodontic procedures are relatively uncomplicated, efficient, and esthetic,
      provided there is little or no lower anterior crowding. 7. The restorative
      dentist has a proper abutment tooth with a good prognosis for prosthesis.

PMID- 389059
TI  - Julius C. Swartz.

PMID- 389060
TI  - New ABO president: Robert B. Hedges.

PMID- 389061
TI  - Dr. Milton Braun retires.

PMID- 389062
TI  - In vitro evaluation of radiation-induced augmentation of the immune response.
AB  - Small doses (5--25 rads) of radiation augment the in vitro response of murine
      spleen cells to sheep red blood cells (SRBCs). Such augmentation appears to
      result from radiation-induced disruption of a homeostatic component of the
      response that exerts maximum effect soon after the introduction of antigen.
      Evidence is presented to support the concept that augmentation is due to injury
      of an exquisitely radiosensitive subpopulation of T cells with suppressor
      activity.

PMID- 389063
TI  - Studies of the functional and morphologic status of islets maintained at 24 C for
      four weeks in vitro.
AB  - Isolated rat islets were maintained in vitro at 24 C for 1-4 weeks in tissue
      culture medium containing D-glucose (1.5 mg/ml). The rate of insulin release at
      24 C remained stable for three weeks (2.2 muU/islet/hr) and decreased to 1.2
      muU/islet/hr during the fourth week. Increasing the temperature from 24 C to 37 C
      at the end of 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks produced a 5--7-fold increase in the rate of
      insulin release in the presence of glucose (1.5 mg/ml). This rate of secretion
      was comparable to control islets maintained at 37 C for 1--4 weeks. Light- and
      electron-microscopic studies revealed minimal central necrosis of large islets
      maintained at 24 C for 3 weeks. In contrast, extensive central necrosis was
      present in large islets maintained at 37 C for only 1 week. Degranulation of B
      cells occurred at 24 C with almost complete degranulation at 28 days.
      Regranulation occurred when the temperature was increased to 37 C. These findings
      indicate that isolated islets maintained at 24 C remain functionally and
      morphologically intact for 4 weeks. Initial studies have shown that maintenance
      of islets at 24 C for 1 week in conjunction with a single injection of
      antilymphocyte serum will produce marked prolongation of survival of islet
      allografts. The finding that isolated islets will survive for prolonged periods
      of time at 24 C should be of importance to future studies on islet
      transplatation, immune rejection, and investigations on hormonal release from
      islets maintained under these conditions.

PMID- 389064
TI  - Selected items from the history of pathology. Gastric leiomyoma.

PMID- 389065
TI  - Selected items from the history of pathology. Angina pectoris.

PMID- 389066
TI  - Selected items from the history of pathology. Transposition of the great vessels.

PMID- 389067
TI  - Dynamic aspects of cancer cell populations in metastasis.
AB  - Consideration of the entire metastatic process reveals it to be very inefficient
      in terms of cancer cells. Of the millions of cells released from primary cancers,
      relatively few metastases result. This disparity implies that in some way the
      process is selective. Some evidence will be reviewed that indicates that cancer
      cells in metastases are in some way different from those in the primary cancer
      from which they arose. Primary cancers and their metastases, then, should
      possibly be regarded as distinct entities when one is considering therapy or
      seeking an understanding of the fundamental aspects of metastasis. In this
      presentation some nonexclusive mechanisms will be discussed that could be
      responsible for differences between primary and secondary cancers. These include:
      1) Random (statistical) selection of metastasis-forming cells; 2) The existence
      of genotypic metastatic subpopulations; 3) The existence of transient metastatic
      "compartments" within primary cancer; 4) Site-induced changes (modulation)
      occurring in the metastasizing cells after they arrive in the target organ; 5) A
      combination of the above.

PMID- 389068
TI  - The psychiatric use of electrically induced seizures.
AB  - ECT is an effective but also controversial treatment modality in psychiatry. The
      decision of when to use ECT is predicated on a knowledgeable assessment of
      anticipated benefits and possible risks as they apply to each individual case.
      Refinements in ECT technique have minimized risks, but have also increased the
      methodological complexity. The author presents a clinical review of ECT use with
      particular emphasis on practical issues related to efficacy, risks, and
      technique.

PMID- 389069
TI  - The use of a technical questionnaire in laboratory proficiency testing.
AB  - As an adjunct to laboratory improvement, a technical questionnaire concerning
      specific steps of the more commonly employed laboratory procedures was
      incorporated into three proficiency testing evaluations: syphilis serology,
      mycobacteriology, and parasitology. This addition to proficiency testing revealed
      some basic and detrimental procedural deviations which could affect the validity
      of reported clinical values. These procedural deviations were communicated to the
      laboratories in an attempt to improve performance.

PMID- 389071
TI  - NLN/APHA program for accreditation of home health agencies and community nursing
      services.

PMID- 389070
TI  - Parasitic disease control in a residential facility for the mentally retarded.
AB  - Asymptomatic infection with either Entameba histolytica or Giardia lamblia was
      found in 61 per cent of the residents of a dormitory in an institution for the
      mentally retarded; two other dormitories had rates of 20 per cent and 22 per
      cent. Drug therapy was successfully undertaken in all three dormitories, and
      environmental improvements were introduced in the heavily infected dormitory. A
      one-year follow-up showed a reduction in parasitic disease in two dormitories
      but, in the most heavily infected dormitory, infection had returned to
      pretreatment levels.

PMID- 389072
TI  - Possible chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Nigeria.
AB  - A 42-year-old hospital worker had a recrudescence of falciparum malaria after
      chloroquine therapy. Further adequate treatment with chloroquine given orally did
      not clear the infection. He was then given a combination of sulphadiazine and
      pyrimethamine, which produced a radical cure. This points to the possibility of
      chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Nigeria, an African country where
      this has been thought to be unlikely. Because of this and earlier reports,
      clinicians should be on the alert to the possibility of chloroquine-resistant P.
      falciparum in this area, and efforts should be made to establish or reject the
      presence of malarial parasites resistant to chloroquine in Africa.

PMID- 389074
TI  - Epidemiologic studies among Amerindian populations of Amazonia. II. Prepvalence
      of Mansonella ozzardi.
AB  - The prevalence of microfilaremia among Indians in 13 Amazon Indian villages was
      determined by examining Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears and preparations
      from peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures. Mansonella ozzardi was the only
      species found in the 601 persons tested. Prevalence was highly village-specific,
      ranging from 0% in four villages to as high as 93% among persons aged 10 years
      and older in others. Comparisons of the two methods showed that the concentration
      effect of the peripheral blood lymphocyte culture preparations allowed the
      detection of a greater number of microfilaria-positive persons, especially women
      and children with lower levels of parasitemia.

PMID- 389073
TI  - The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for malaria. II. Comparison with
      the malaria indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFA).

PMID- 389075
TI  - Viability of frozen allografts.
AB  - The use of meshed skin grafts allows an evaluation of the biologic properties of
      stored tissues such as skin. Frozen allograft may serve as an excellent biologic
      membrane, but it is not a satisfactory product for longer term allografting
      (intermediate allografting). The method of thawing (microwave oven versus water
      bath) appeared to have little effect on the ultimate viability and outcome of the
      frozen allograft.

PMID- 389076
TI  - Microflora of the human small intestine.
AB  - The human small intestine is normally sterile in nearly one half of North
      American subjects. In this study the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were sterile in
      82, 69, and 55 per cent of the cases, respectively. Gram-positive cocci were the
      most frequent finding. E. coli, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella were present in the
      small bowel in nearly 7, 15, and 35 per cent of duodenal, jejunal, and ileal
      samples, respecatively. They were present in significant numbers (greater than 1
      X 10(5)/ml) in the mid-jejunum in two patients and in the mid-ileum in seven
      patients (23 per cent). Even with modern anaerobic techniques, anaerobes are
      scarce in the small bowel; 4 to 6 per cent of persons may have aerotolerant
      anaerobes like clostridia, but strict anaerobes like bacteroides are rare. Our
      study provides baseline data for use in interpreting the intestinal bacterial
      overgrowth associated with certain postoperative disorders.

PMID- 389078
TI  - [Statistical investigation of crown and fixed partial denture prostheses
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 389077
TI  - Experimental study of mucoaggressive and mucoprotective factors in the gastric
      juice under endotoxin effect.

PMID- 389079
TI  - [State of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system in the ovarian depletion syndrome].

PMID- 389080
TI  - ["Empty" sella turcica syndrome].

PMID- 389081
TI  - [Prolactin-secreting hypophyseal adenomas as a cause of secondary amenorrhea and
      galactorrhea].

PMID- 389082
TI  - [Influence of obstetric operations in fetal morbidity and mortality. Current
      review of the problem].

PMID- 389083
TI  - Women: psychotropic drug use and eclectic relaxation therapy.

PMID- 389084
TI  - A relaxation technique as a preventive health measure for an aging population.

PMID- 389085
TI  - Jungian approach to clinical practice.

PMID- 389086
TI  - The changing face of pharmacology in anesthesia (E. H. Embley).

PMID- 389087
TI  - Increases in cuff volume and pressure in red rubber endotracheal tubes during
      anaesthesia.
AB  - Increases in endotracheal tube cell volume and pressure during anaesthesia have
      been reported to be due to the diffusion of nitrous oxide into the cuff. This
      study compared cuff volume and pressure changes in anaesthetized intubated
      patients who were ventilated with those allowed to breath spontaneously. The
      cuffs of Magill red rubber endotracheal tubes were inflated with either air or a
      nitrous oxide-oxygen mixture. Serial pressure and volume recordings confirmed
      that both parameters increased when the cuff was inflated with air. The increase
      in cuff pressure was however, greater during intermittent positive pressure
      ventilation than for spontaneous respiration. There were no significant changes
      when the cuff was inflated with the nitrous oxide-oxygen mixture.

PMID- 389088
TI  - Anatomical observations about the closure of the ductus venosus in the dog (Canis
      familiaris).
AB  - The observation of the anatomical closure of ductus venosus was carried out in
      108 dogs (62 females and 46 males) with age varying between 3 hours and 21 days
      old. We have observed that within 2 days old, the ductus venosus was found
      pervious in 100% of the animals sacrified; 3 days old, in 81% of the animals; 4
      days old, in 62% of pups; 5 days old, in 25% and over 6 days old, the ductus
      venosus was anatomical closed in 100% of the animals. We have also observed that
      the closure starts within 48 hours on the caudal vena cava caudal side.

PMID- 389089
TI  - [Area mesencephalica on the raphe and its importance. (Stereometric
      reconstruction in cat) (author's trnsl)].
AB  - The cat's mesencephalic raphe, caudally extended to the locus ceruleus and
      rostrally to the habenulo-interpedunculary area, was reconstructed with foamy
      plastic plates in a stereotaxis ensemble of the brainstem. This reconstruction
      serves as an important reference to the topography and for interpreting the
      functional background of the stereotaxic lesions accumulated in the last 5 years.
      The alterations of the lung's alveolar interstitium after the nervous lesions,
      were classified in different groups of common evolution.

PMID- 389090
TI  - Intrahepatic supply patterns in cases of double hepatic arteries--a study by
      corrosion casts.

PMID- 389091
TI  - Surface area ratios. II. A stereological method for estimating changes in average
      cell volume and frequency.
AB  - The study describes a sterological method for detecting relative changes in cells
      -with respect to their average volumes and to their frequencies within one cm3 of
      exocrine cells. The method is based on surface area ratios (Bolender, '79) and
      can detect changes comparable to those obtained with the numerical density
      approaches (Loud, '68; Weibel et al., '69; Bolender, '74; Williams, '77). The new
      method requires only intersection counts--the same ones that are used for surface
      density estimates--and, as a result, avoids the difficult and often problematic
      procedures of the numerical densities. In analyzing the cellular changes in
      vitro, the choice of either a zero or timed control was found to exert a major
      influence on the results. Timed controls were required to "isolate" the
      experimentally induced changes from those produced by the incubation medium.

PMID- 389092
TI  - Induction of exocytosis from glomus cells by incubation of the carotid body of
      the rat with calcium and ionophore A23187.
AB  - Carotid bodies from adult rats were electron microscopically studied after
      incubation in glucose-containing salt solutions containing calcium and/or
      ionophore A23187 or neither. In the absence of the ionophore, adding or omitting
      calcium had no effect on the fine structure of the glomus cells. Incubation in
      the medium containing both 1 mM calcium and the ionophore caused the appearance
      of exocytotic membrane profiles in several glomus cells. Exocytosis was not seen
      when only A23187 and endogenous calcium was present. For exocytosis to occur,
      calcium appeared to be essential and the event seemed to be due to a rise in the
      intracellular calcium concentration caused by the ionophore.

PMID- 389094
TI  - [In memory of Prof. N. A. Meshcheriakov].

PMID- 389093
TI  - [Methods of determining circulating blood volume].

PMID- 389095
TI  - [Clinical use of membrane oxygenation].

PMID- 389097
TI  - [Use of bacterial filters in anesthesiology].

PMID- 389096
TI  - [Hemodynamic disorders of the lesser circulation and their correction in primary
      toxic diffuse goiter in the early postoperative period].

PMID- 389098
TI  - [Effect of operations with artificial circulation on patient psyche and
      intellect].

PMID- 389099
TI  - Dental anesthesiology: its history and continuing evolution. Niels Bjorn
      Jorgensen 2nd memorial lecture.

PMID- 389100
TI  - [On the death of Konstantin Aleksandrovic Breev (1910-1978)].

PMID- 389101
TI  - [Review of in vitro feeding of bloodsucking anthropods].
AB  - A review on methods of in-vitro-feeding of bloodsucking arthropods is given. The
      most important sphere of application of these methods are the in-vitro-rearing,
      experiments of transmission of virulent and avirulent pathogens, investigations
      about the nutrition of haematophagous arthropods, and about the efficiency of
      phagostimulants, repellents et al. Composition, preparation and preservation of
      natural blood are briefly described. The kind and the handling of the blood and
      the suitability of methods depends on the bionomic and feeding behaviour of
      arthropods and on the specific task of work. The most important methods of the in
      vitro-feeding are inoculation, capillary method, feeding from the absorptive
      substrats of from embryonated eggs, and especially feeding through membranes.

PMID- 389102
TI  - Indirect blood pressure measurements: a matter of interpretation.
AB  - The indirect measurement of arterial blood pressure is discussed from the
      standpoint of the intravascular phenomena that occur under the cuff during the
      production of Korotkoff sounds. The influence of the physical and elastic
      properties of the vessel wall and blood flow parameters on indirect blood
      pressure measurement were investigated by using the results of model studies
      carried out in a properly scaled, simulated mechanical system under controlled
      conditions. The results of those studies indicate that auscultatory readings may
      be subject to large errors, depending on the thickness and stiffness of the
      artery wall. These results are shown to be consistent with comparisons of direct
      and indirect blood pressures in human subjects in that errors of the order of 30
      to 50 mm Hg are not uncommon in the elderly or in patients with advanced
      arteriosclerosis. The errors discussed here are inherent to the auscultatory
      technique and are not related to instrument calibration, auditory acuity, or
      office technique.

PMID- 389104
TI  - The recementation of orthodontic bands using different cements.
AB  - A clinical study on band failure rate was carried out on 5949 bands cemented to
      the teeth of 293 patients drawn from three orthodontic practices. The failure
      rate ranged from a minimum of 7% in a sample from a practice where bands were
      cemented with Durelon cement (Group 2) to a maximum of 19% in a sample from a
      practice where bands were cemented with oxyphosphate cements (Group 3).
      Comparison between the results of the two controlled prospective studies from one
      practice (Groups 1 and 2) indicated that the use of a commercially available
      polycarboxylate cement (Durelon) resulted in a lower failure rate than that
      experienced with an experimental formulation of polycarboxylate cement. The teeth
      on which cemented bands failed most frequently were the maxillary central
      incisors. Comparison of the band failure rates between different practices
      (Groups 2, 3 and 4) showed that patients in Groups 3 and 4 experienced a higher
      band failure rate than patients in Group 2, due possibly to different types of
      bands, cements, and cementing procedures of the different operators.

PMID- 389103
TI  - The usefulness of theophylline in nonasthmatic airway obstruction.
AB  - This study evaluated the effectivness of oral bronchodilator therapy using
      theophylline in patients with nonreversible chronic obstructive pulmonary
      disease. Twelve chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients were entered into
      a doubleblind crossover study using either active drug theophylline in 200 mg
      capsules (Elixophyllin) or placebo for 3 months, followed by 3 months of the
      alternate capsule. At baseline and monthly visits, data were recorded, including
      history, physical examination, and pulmonary function testing. Clinically, 7 of
      11 patients responded favorably to theophylline, 3 were unchanged, and 1 improved
      on placebo. Comparison of each sign and symptom individually revealed no
      statistically significant differences. Pulmonary function (FEV1 and FVC) showed
      slight deterioration with placebo, but not with active drug therapy. These
      findings suggest that nonasthmatic patients may improve clinically during
      theophylline therapy whereas their pulmonary function may deteriorate during
      placebo therapy.

PMID- 389105
TI  - Postorthodontic retention with bone grafting procedures, a case report.

PMID- 389106
TI  - George H. Prewitt, 1909-1979.

PMID- 389107
TI  - Willis J. McCormick, 1921-1979.

PMID- 389108
TI  - John Hain Parker, 1913-1979.

PMID- 389109
TI  - The production and analysis of antilymphocyte sera following pregnancy and skin
      grafting of cattle.
AB  - This paper presents evidence to show that high titre antilymphocyte sera can be
      prepared more easily by skin grafting than from parous sera. It also shows that
      it is possible to analyse complex antilymphocyte sera by absorption with
      lymphocytes to produce working reagents. Following the 1 International BoLA
      Workshop the genotype of some of the animals used for skin grafting was
      ascertained and it was found that in each case where the resulting serum had been
      studied the main antiserum specificity that had been produced reacted with one of
      the BoLA specificities present in the skin donor.

PMID- 389110
TI  - Correlation of immediate skin test responses to antigens introduced by multi-test
      and intracutaneous routes.
AB  - The Multi-Test applicator is a disposable plastic device for the simultaneous
      prick-puncture administration of different antigens at eight sites, in a rapid,
      relatively painless and reproducible manner. To determine its utility in
      immediate or reaginic skin testing, it was compared with the intradermal
      technique in children and adults. Skin test responses to glycerinated inhalant
      antigens, 1:20 or 1:10 W/V, administered by Multi-Test were comparable to those
      obtained from the same antigens applied intradermally in aqueous dilutions of
      1:1,000 or 1:1,500 W/V.

PMID- 389111
TI  - Inflammatory reactions and chemotactic factors.
AB  - Inflammatory reactions are mediated by a large number of chemical substances
      called chemical mediators, including chemotactic factors, which are released by
      immunologic as well as non-immunologic mechanisms. Chemotactic factors which act
      indirectly on target tissue can not only enhance inflammatory reactions (NCF-C)
      but may also eliminate the reactions (ECF-A).

PMID- 389112
TI  - Heat extraction of animal plasma in preparation for endotoxin testing with the
      limulus amebocyte lysate test.
AB  - A heat-extraction procedure for endotoxin extraction from animal plasma has been
      developed for use with the limulus amebocyte lysate test. The procedure is simple
      to use, is accurate, and has shown good sensitivity with blood from several
      animal species.

PMID- 389113
TI  - Equine Escherichia coli endotoxemia: comparison of intravenous and
      intraperitoneal endotoxin administration.
AB  - Certain physiologic and hematologic data were determined in ponies given
      Escherichia coli endotoxin by three routes: single IV dose, single
      intraperitoneal (IP) dose, and multiple IP boluses. In all ponies, the reaction
      was characterized by weakness, depression, peripheral circulatory abnormalities,
      and pyrexia. The pyrexia was more severe and was sustained in the ponies given
      multiple IP bolus endotoxin. Changes in packed cell volume, peripheral blood
      neutrophil, lymphocyte, and thrombocyte counts, and blood glucose were noticed in
      the three groups. Blood lactate and beta-glucuronidase values were determined and
      increases occurred only in the two IP endotoxin administration groups. A
      fibrinogen increase was observed in only the multiple IP bolus group. Attempts
      were made to correlate the lactate and beta-glucuronidase values with the
      severity and prognosis of the endotoxemia response. In general, the single IV
      bolus and, to a lesser extent, the single IP bolus endotoxin produced abrupt but
      transient responses. The multiple IP bolus endotoxin administration produced a
      more gradual and sustained response, which was more closely comparable with a
      clinical gastrointestinal disease problem than the other routes of administration
      produced.

PMID- 389114
TI  - Opportunities for the development of specific therapeutic agents to treat
      emphysema.

PMID- 389115
TI  - Failure of positive end-expiratory pressure to decrease lung water content in
      alloxan-induced pulmonary edema.
AB  - The effect of 10 cm H2O of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on pulmonary
      extravascular water volume (PEWV) was measured in an animal model of
      noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Three groups of animals were studied: (1)
      controls, (2) those given a saline infusion plus alloxan, and (3) those which
      received saline infusion plus alloxan and PEEP. All animals were ventilated with
      a constant volume ventilator. Mean PEWV (+/- SEM) in milliliters per gram of dry
      lung weight was 4.00 +/- 0.21 for group 1, 6.01 +/- 0.70 for group 2, and 5.77 +/
      0.83 for group 3. Mean PEWV increased significantly in both alloxan groups
      (groups 2 and 3) as compared to the control group (for both, p less than 0.05);
      however, PEWV did not differ significantly in the group that received PEEP, as
      compared to the group ventilated without PEEP. Arterial PO2 and airway pressure
      required to deliver a constant tidal volume did not change significantly in the
      experimental groups as compared to the control group. It was concluded that PEEP
      does not decrease lung water content in pulmonary edema caused by damage to fluid
      exchanging vessels.

PMID- 389116
TI  - Ventilation-perfusion distributions in the adult respiratory distress syndrome.
AB  - The distribution of ventilation-perfusion ratios, as determined by the multiple
      inert gas elimination technique, was measured in 16 patients with the adult
      respiratory distress syndrome. In each case, the distribution of ventilation
      perfusion ratios was bimodal. The upper mode consisted of units with normal
      ventilation-perfusion ratios that received a mean of 52% of the cardiac output.
      The lower mode, which received the remainder of the cardiac output, consisted of
      either pure shunt or shunt plus a small number of units with very low ventilation
      perfusion ratios (less than 0.01). The measured arterial PO2 and that predicted
      from the distribution of ventilation-perfusion ratios were very closely
      correlated (r = 0.93), indicating that the hypoxemia was completely explained by
      the measured ventilation-perfusion inequality. In 12 patients, the effect of
      positive end-expiratory pressure on the distribution of ventilation-perfusion
      ratios was also determined. The addition of positive end-expiratory pressure
      uniformly resulted in a decrease in blood flow to the lower mode and an increase
      in the ventilation of unperfused alveoli. Increasing positive end-expiratory
      pressure also led to a uniform decrease in cardiac output. We conclude that the
      hypoxemia of the adult respiratory distress syndrome is caused by the presence of
      shunt or units of very low ratio of ventilation to perfusion and that positive
      end-expiratory pressure increases the arterial PO2 by decreasing the perfusion of
      unventilated lung. The mechanism of this decrease is yet to be defined.

PMID- 389117
TI  - Immunochemical and physiocochemical properties of tobacco extracts.

PMID- 389118
TI  - Free groin flap transfer for skin defects associated with orthopaedic problems of
      the extremities.

PMID- 389119
TI  - Intergenerational occupational mobility and fertility: a reassessment.

PMID- 389120
TI  - Social learning and deviant behavior: a specific test of a general theory.

PMID- 389122
TI  - [Meningococcal vaccines: current status and future prospects of their biological,
      chemical, physical and immunological standardization].

PMID- 389121
TI  - Disulfiram for the treatment of alcoholism. An evaluation in 128 men.
AB  - One hundred twenty-eight alcoholic men were assigned randomly to receive either a
      regular dose of disulfiram (250 mg), a pharmacologically inactive dose (1 mg), or
      no disulfiram. There were no statistically significant differences among the
      three treatment groups in total abstinence, percentage of drinking days, days
      worked, family stability (living with same relative), or percent of scheduled
      appointments kept. However, 21% of those who received the regular dose of
      disulfiram and 25% who received the pharmacologically inactive dose remained
      abstinent, whereas only 12% of those who received no disulfiram did so. These
      results indicate that disulfiram may be of limited value in the treatment of
      alcoholism, fear of the disulfiram-ethanol reaction is important in preventing
      drinking, and patients willing to take disulfiram are more likely to be abstinent
      if given the drug. We also found that complete abstinence correlated
      significantly with compliance and obtaining employment.

PMID- 389123
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Domenico Filipo].

PMID- 389125
TI  - [The Societe Medico-psychologique. List of members, January 1, 1979].

PMID- 389127
TI  - [Atypical forms of manic-depressive psychosis, Methodological and nosological
      consequences].

PMID- 389126
TI  - [Cultural differences in nosologies].

PMID- 389128
TI  - [Release of "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" protoplasts: scanning electron microscope
      study (author's transl)].
AB  - In a previous study we described the minimal methodology used to obtain
      protoplasts from ascomycetous yeasts. Using a reducing agent associated with 1,3
      beta-glucanase at 26 degrees C, protoplasts were invariably obtained. In the
      present study we localized the disruption spots of the cell wall using the two
      same reagents. The observations were made with the scanning electron microscope.
      The disruption site was always in the subterminal region, and this very simple
      structure (proteins with disulphide bridges and 1,3-beta-glucans) was opposite
      the birth-scar. The dissociation of the two reagents showed that a small part of
      the yeast population was able to release protoplasts with only glucanase. We
      believe these very sensitive yeasts (2 to 10% population) to be very young cells.
      These disruption sites seemed very different from budding-sites. They might be
      identical with elongation-sites, or with the opening in the ascus-wall during
      germinating ascospore release.

PMID- 389124
TI  - [Renato Segre].

PMID- 389129
TI  - [Differentiation of "Pasteurella" and "Actinobacillus" from Enterobacteriaceae"
      by use of the O/129 vibriostatic agent (author's transl)].
AB  - Out of 134 Pasteurella and Actinobacillus strains studied, 132 are found to be
      susceptible to the O/129 vibriostatic agent with growth inhibition diameter
      ranging from 10 to 42 mm (86% in the range 25 to 32 mm); 46 reference strains of
      Enterobacteriaceae including Yersinia are resistant to the O/129 vibriostatic
      agent. This test can quickly differentiate between typical or atypical
      Enterobacteriaceae and the genus Pasteurella or Actinobacillus.

PMID- 389130
TI  - Identification of tubercle bacilli.
AB  - Initial screening of tubercle bacilli with 2-thiophene carboxylic acid hydrazide
      (TCH) or 2-furoic acid hydrazide (FAH) separates them into two groups. Resistant
      strains are Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sensitive strains include M.
      tuberculosis, M. bovis and BCG which are separated by nitratase and oxygen
      requirement tests. Pyrazinamide sensitivity tests allow M. bovis and M. africanum
      to be identified. The niacin test is not used. Most strains of M. tuberculosis
      from Europeans are resistant to TCH and FAH and are in phage groups A and B,
      while most strains from Asians are sensitive and are in phage group I.

PMID- 389131
TI  - [Inhibition of Escherichia coli haemagglutinations by antibiotics].
AB  - Escherichia coli has been associated with a colonization factor antigen
      responsible for the bacterial adherence to the intestinal mucosa. This
      colonization factor is also responsible for haemagglutination. Among 32
      antibiotics tested, only tetracyclines, chloramphenicol and nafcillin inhibit
      haemagglutination. Tetracycline hydrochloride, tetracycline phosphate and
      doxycycline are the most effective, followed by oxytetracycline, minocycline,
      chloramphenicol and nafcillin. Doxycline at a concentration at 0.8 mg/ml in
      buffered saline, chloramphenicol at 12.8 mg and nafcillin at 31 mg inhibit
      haemagglutination in 2 h. The inhibition of haemagglutination occurs both with E.
      coli susceptible and resistant to doxycycline. Pretreatment of crythrocytes with
      doxycycline does not prevent inhibition of haemagglutination where as
      pretreatment of E. coli does, suggesting that doxycycline acted on the bacteria.
      Once haemagglutination had occurred, doxycycline can reverse the
      haemagglutination, "unhooking" the bacteria from the erythrocytes. These data
      raise the possibility that some antibiotics may prevent adherence of E. coli to
      the intestinal mucosa, regardless of the susceptibility or resistance of the
      bacteria by a direct effect on the colonization factor antigen. Furthermore, some
      antibiotics may be able to detach the bacteria once adherence to the mucosa has
      occurred.

PMID- 389132
TI  - [Vidian nerve section by the trans-maxillary route].

PMID- 389133
TI  - [G. Decroix (1920-1978)].

PMID- 389134
TI  - [Primary malignant teratoma of the thyroid. Report of one case and review of the
      literature (author's transl)].
AB  - Malignant teratomas of the thyroid in the adult are rare. A personal case is
      presented. It brings the total number of cases found in the literature to nine,
      and illustrates the terrible prognosis of these tumours regardless of the
      treatment used (extensive surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy). Teratomas in the
      adult thus differ from those in the newborn and child. The latter are much more
      common and recurrences virtually non-existent. The histogenesis of these tumour
      is discussed. It may dysgenetic heterotypism, but no definite conclusions may be
      offered.

PMID- 389135
TI  - [Generalized cutaneous involvement during Lortat-Jacob disease (cicatricial
      pemphigoid)].

PMID- 389136
TI  - [Vitiligo with an inflammatory border. Apropos of 2 cases with review of the
      literature (18 cases)].

PMID- 389137
TI  - [Comparative study of stapling versus manual suturing in lung surgery. Report of
      132 resections (author's transl)].

PMID- 389138
TI  - [A further case of hepatocytic adenoma following oestrogen-progestogen treatment.
      Review of the published literature (author's transl)].

PMID- 389139
TI  - [150th anniversary of the oldest medical journal in France].

PMID- 389140
TI  - [Maxillofacial injury surgery. Introductory note about maxillofacial surgery and
      its development].

PMID- 389141
TI  - [Fractures of the orbital roof].

PMID- 389142
TI  - [Congenital saddle nose. Clinical aspect and treatment. Apropos of 7 cases].

PMID- 389143
TI  - [Sterno-mastoid musculo-cutaneous latero-cervical flap graft. Method of
      reconstruction of the tongue and floor of the mouth in cervico-facial neoplasms
      after bi-temporal intra-arterial chemotherapy. Preliminary study].

PMID- 389144
TI  - [Indications of surgical treatment of severe congenital camptodactylias].

PMID- 389145
TI  - [Autogenous full thickness skin lacing used in the treatment of large
      eventrations. Apropos of 36 cases].

PMID- 389146
TI  - [Cutaneous island flap grafts with muscular pedicle].

PMID- 389147
TI  - Oligodendrocyte staining by multiple sclerosis serum is nonspecific.
AB  - The immunofluorescent staining properties of 65 serum samples from 54 patients
      with multiple sclerosis (MS), 63 samples from 55 patients with other neurological
      diseases (OND), and sera from 14 healthy normal individuals were examined on
      frozen sections of bovine and human brain. When tested on bovine brain sections,
      positive oligodendrocyte staining was present in 63% of MS sera, 43% of OND sera,
      and 29% of normal sera. The percentages were lower with human brain tissue.
      Astrocyte and myelin staining was common. F(ab')2 fragments purified from
      selected positive and negative MS and control sera gave no staining, though IgG
      fractions from the same sera prior to pepsin digestion gave positive staining.
      When tested against antihuman IgM and IgA conjugates, the same positive sera and
      their IgG-depleted globulin fractions gave minimal or no staining. These results
      indicate that oligodendrocyte staining is not specific for MS, is not due to
      specific antibody, and is probably the result of nonspecific binding to Fc
      receptors.

PMID- 389149
TI  - The CSF-FTA test and the significance of blood contamination.
AB  - Although the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test has found
      wide application in the diagnosis of syphilis, the cerebrospinal fluid
      fluorescent treponemal antibody (CSF-FTA) test is still controversial in the
      diagnosis of neurosyphilis. We found the CSF-FTA test extremely sensitive to
      contamination with FTA-ABS-reactive blood at concentrations in CSF that could not
      be detected by visual inspection. Interpretation of a reactive test should be
      made with caution if red cells are present in CSF.

PMID- 389148
TI  - Controlled trial of EMG feedback in muscle contraction headache.
AB  - Twenty-eight patients suffering from severe, longstanding muscle contraction
      headache were randomly assigned to two groups, one receiving electromyographic
      (EMG) feedback therapy and the other, "most suitable alternative therapy."
      Headache intensity and severity as well as drug intake were reduced in the
      feedback group (p less than or equal to 0.01) as opposed to no improvement in the
      control group. The positive treatment effect in the feedback group persisted
      through a three-month follow-up period. EMG feedback therapy is effective in the
      treatment of muscle contraction headache even in its chronic, severe form, which
      is resistant to traditional treatment methods.

PMID- 389151
TI  - [Constructural activities and cerebral lesions in humans].

PMID- 389150
TI  - Botulism, type A, and treatment with guanidine.
AB  - In a double-blind crossover study in which patients received placebo or active
      drug for varying periods, we evaluated the ability of guanidine hydrochloride (20
      to 35 mg/kg per day perorally) to improve the rate of recovery in patients with
      moderate or severe botulism, type A, intoxication. Among 14 patients who received
      conventional botulism therapy, there was no improvement in recovery rate in those
      who received guanidine compared with the nontreated group. Individual patients in
      the treated group showed neither an acceleration in their rate of improvement
      when they received guanidine nor a regression in their progress when the drug was
      stopped. Individual patients, likewise, noted no subjective improvement when they
      received the drug compared with the placebo. Treatment with guanidine does not
      enhance recovery from botulism.

PMID- 389152
TI  - [Toward a human neuropsychology of emotional behavior?].

PMID- 389153
TI  - [Doxycycline bioavailability in capsules].
AB  - Soviet doxycycline capsules in a dose of 0.1 g were studied in vitro (for
      disintegration and solubility) and in vivo (pharmacokinetics on 25 patients). It
      was found that Soviet doxycycline capsules provided comparatively rapid
      absorption of doxycycline. The antibiotic availability may be characterized by
      the solubility test. The results of the study on bioavailability of Soviet
      doxycycline capsules were compared with the results of analogous studies
      published by American authors for doxycycline capsules manufactured by various
      firms of the USA.

PMID- 389154
TI  - [Characteristics of a strain of C. albicans resistant to polyene antibiotics].
AB  - It was found that a resistant strain R2 of C. albicans obtained as a result of
      passages on media containing increasing concentrations of amphotericin B differed
      from the initial strain by its lower pathogenicity. Treatment of the infection
      caused by the resistant strain on modeling of candidiasis in mice was not
      successful. The decrease in the average life span of the mice infected with the
      resistant strain R2 and treated with amphotericin B was lower than that in the
      control animals and such indices of the disease as the levels of the kidney
      dissemination and the cell vegetation even increased under the effect of
      amphotericin B. The results of the study suggest that the resistant strain R2 of
      C. albicans depend on amphotericin B in the host. The data obtained emphasize the
      necessity of determinining the antibiotic sensitivity of C. albicans strains
      isolated from patients.

PMID- 389155
TI  - [beta-Lactamase inhibition as 1 of the ways of overcoming resistance to beta
      lactam antibiotics].

PMID- 389156
TI  - Experimental endocarditis: prophylaxis of Candida albicans infections by 5
      fluorocytosine in rabbits.
AB  - The prevention of Candida endocarditis in the rabbit was easily accomplished with
      a single intramuscular injection of 75 mg of 5-FC (A predominantly fungistatic
      agent) per kg either 40 min before, or at the same time as, the intravenous
      challenge with Candida albicans. Renal infarcts were observed more often in
      rabbits with infected valvular vegetations than in control rabbits with sterile
      endocarditis. The prophylactic effect of 5-FC is greater in aortic vegetations
      than in the kidneys. This may be related to differences in the pathophysiology of
      infection and the pharmacokinetics of 5-FC in the two areas.

PMID- 389157
TI  - Australian evaluation of Autobac I with suggested interpretive and technical
      modifications.
AB  - Autobac I, a recently introduced semiautomated method for rapid antibiotic
      susceptibility testing, has been evaluated by comparison with the calibrated
      dichotomous sensitivity disk diffusion technique, which is routinely used in many
      Australian hospitals. Only the most common clinical isolates, Staphylococcus
      aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., and Proteus mirabilis, were included in
      this evaluation, and an overall interpretive agreement of 93% was obtained.
      However, an unusually high rate of discrepancy was noted in several organism
      antibiotic combinations, in particular E. coli and P. mirabilis with ampicillin,
      S. aureus with penicillin, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus with methicillin,
      erythromycin, and clindamycin. The discrepancies associated with ampicillin have
      been reduced from 29 and 24% for E. coli and P. mirabilis, respectively, to less
      than 5% after the utilization of commercial 10-micrograms diffusion disks, in
      preference to the lower antibiotic content disks supplied by the Autobac
      manufacturer. Furthermore, modifications in the interpretive procedure have
      eliminated discrepancies associated with S. aureus and penicillin.

PMID- 389158
TI  - Netilmicin treatment of complicated urinary tract infection in patients with
      renal function impairment.
AB  - The efficacy and tolerance of netilmicin was studied in 28 elderly male patients
      with varying degrees of renal function impairment who suffered from complicated
      urinary tract infections. Doses of netilmicin, equivalent to 2 mg/kg divided by
      milligrams of creatinine per 100 ml, were administered every 12 h. A 62% cure
      rate, defined as negative urine culture at 1-week follow-up, was obtained.
      Treatment failure correlated with impaired renal function. Nephrotoxic reaction,
      defined as any significant increase in serum creatinine during treatment, was
      found in 6 of 28 patients (21%). The increase in serum creatinine was transient
      in all except one of these patients. Apart from the finding of a significant
      correlation between nephrotoxic reaction to netilmicin and postoperative urinary
      tract infection, no clinical or therapeutic features correlated with
      nephrotoxicity; trough concentrations correlated with serum creatinine.

PMID- 389159
TI  - The stimulus-secretion coupling of glucose-induced insulin release: effects of
      valinomycin upon pancreatic islet function.

PMID- 389160
TI  - Kinetic analysis of the effect of zinc ion on the inorganic pyrophosphatase
      reaction.

PMID- 389161
TI  - Hydrogen carrier protein from chicken liver: purification, characterization, and
      role of its prosthetic group, lipolic acid, in the glycine cleavage reaction.

PMID- 389162
TI  - In vitro correction of erythrocyte glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
      deficiency.

PMID- 389164
TI  - Urticaria. An immunofluorescence and histopathology study.
AB  - Fourteen randomly chosen patients with "garden variety" urticaria were studied
      for the presence of vasculitis and immunoglobulins and complement. Results of
      direct immunofluorescence (DIF) of the involved skin were negative, although two
      patients had immunoglobulins and complement demonstrable in the cytoplasm of the
      epidermal cells. Results of DIF of uninvolved skin were also predominantly
      negative. Findings from serum samples tested by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF)
      were negative, except for one positive in low titer (1:10, the basement membrane
      zone). Serum C3 and C4 levels were normal in five patients, both levels were low
      in two, and the C4 level was low in one patient. No skin-reactive immunoglobulins
      were found in these three patients by DIF or IIF. The ESR was measured and found
      to be elevated in four patients. Results of immunofluorescence proved negative in
      these cases. Of the 12 patients studied by hematoxylineosin staining to determine
      histology, none exhibited vasculitis. We believe that vasculitis with antigen
      antibody reactions is not the rule in "garden variety" urticaria.

PMID- 389163
TI  - Conformation and biological activity of acidic ribosomal proteins from different
      organisms.

PMID- 389165
TI  - The early history of tuberous sclerosis.
AB  - The early history of tuberous sclerosis can be traced from European wax models of
      the skin lesions in the 1830s to its recognition as a systemic disease by the
      early 1900s. There are various origins for the terms used for tuberous sclerosis,
      including Pringle's disease, Bourneville's disease, adenoma sebaceum, and
      epiloia. Since these terms are confusing and inaccurate, we urge that they no
      longer be used.

PMID- 389167
TI  - The spectrum of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita.
AB  - A patient has an acquired, scarring, bullous eruption. The severity of the
      cutaneous, ocular, esophageal, and laryngeal scarring was suggestive of
      cicatricial pemphigoid or the severely dystrophic forms of epidermolysis bullosa.
      Clinical features and histologic and immunofluorescence and electron microscopic
      study led to the diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. The spectrum of
      epidermolysis bullosa acquisita includes cases that closely approximate the
      severity of disease previously recognized only for the recessive form of
      epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica.

PMID- 389166
TI  - Antinuclear antibodies and oral methoxsalen photochemotherapy (PUVA) for
      psoriasis.
AB  - In view of theoretical concern that psoralen ultraviolet A radiation (PUVA)
      therapy might induce a systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome, we studied
      serum antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) in patients with psoriasis who received PUVA
      and are participating in a five-year prospective study. At 14 centers, 1,023
      patients had two or more ANA determinations. When first and last tests were
      compared, the incidence of positive tests for ANAs was not significantly
      different (P greater than .2). In addition, there was no apparent relationship
      between the frequency of PUVA treatments and the probability of a positive test.
      Over a two-year period, there is no evidence to indicate that PUVA therapy for
      psoriasis has resulted in a significantly higher number of positive tests for
      ANAs within our population.

PMID- 389168
TI  - Relief of intractable pruritus with naloxone.

PMID- 389169
TI  - Virus infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
AB  - The pattern of virus isolation and illness was studied in 64 children with acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) during periods of apparent infection and when the
      children were well. The virus isolation rate of 2.2 viruses per child a year is
      similar to that previously found in normal children. In only 32% of children with
      symptoms were viruses found and 14.5% had viruses isolated when asymptomatic. The
      children with ALL appear to be more vulnerable to multiple virus infections and
      to excrete the virus for longer periods. This may be due to failure of production
      of both local and systemic antibodies. The failure in the past to recognise the
      true importance of virus infections in ALL may have been due to inadequate
      diagnostic techniques.

PMID- 389170
TI  - Bacteriological monitoring of unheated human milk.
AB  - To assess the bacteriological quality of unpooled expressed breast milk, a pilot
      bottle sample of each donation was examined before the milk was given to the
      neonate. Provided the milk did not contain greater than 2500 organisms/ml or
      potential pathogens it was used unheated. Milk containing between 2500 and 5000
      organisms/ml and no potential pathogens was used after pasteurisation. Using
      these criteria, 67% of 460 donations were acceptable. However, because the
      bacteriological quality varied, 45% of domiciliary donations were discarded
      compared with only 29% of those from hospital.

PMID- 389171
TI  - Viruses and acute abdominal pain in childhood.
AB  - Children aged at least 4 years admitted to hospital with acute abdominal pain,
      excluding appendicitis, were investigated for the presence of viruses. Out of 181
      children 29 were found with viruses of whom 18 had nonspecific abdominal pain.
      Eight others were found to have virus-like particles on electron microscopical
      examination of their faeces. Virus infections contribute to a small extent to
      nonspecific abdominal pain in childhood, but in many cases the cause remains
      unknown.

PMID- 389173
TI  - Status asthmaticus in children: a one-year study.
AB  - 50 children were admitted on 72 occasions during one year in status asthmaticus,
      defined as wheezing not relieved by two doses of bronchodilator 4 hours apart. At
      least one-third of children were hypercapnoeic on admission. They were managed
      with either oral prednisolone and nebulised salbutamol. Those with peak
      expiratory flow rates of greater than 25% expected for height were satisfactorily
      managed on the oral regimen. One child needed assisted ventilation. 73% were fit
      for discharge within 4 days and more than half of them needed a change in
      maintanance treatment.

PMID- 389174
TI  - Neutrophil function in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in the
      presence and absence of viral infections.
AB  - Neutrophil function was assessed regularly in 26 children with acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in remission, both when they were well and during
      viral infections. Tests of candidacidal ability when these children were
      apparently free of infection showed a trend towards lower levels compared with
      controls. The most pronounced depression of candidacidal ability and chemotaxis
      was during viral infections, and these two functions of neutrophils were more
      likely to be abnormal then than when the children were free of infection. In
      children with ALL in remission, whose neutrophils may function abnormally even
      when they are well, the risk of acquiring bacterial or fungal infections may be
      made greater by virus infections.

PMID- 389175
TI  - Intrathecal serotherapy in neonatal tetanus: a controlled trial.
AB  - 60 infants with neonatal tetanus were treated at random either by 40 000 units of
      equine tetanus antitoxin (TAT), intravenously and intramuscularly, or by 40 000
      units TAT, IV and IM, plus 150 units of human tetanus immune globulin TIG)
      intrathecally. There were 30 infants in each treatment group. Babies were similar
      in age, sex, weight, incubation period, temperature, and signs and symptoms on
      arrival at the hospital. The mortality rate, days in hospital and days of
      sedation were not significantly different in the two groups.

PMID- 389176
TI  - Acute necrotising fasciitis due to streptococcal infection in a newborn infant.
AB  - A 3-day-old baby girl developed septicaemia, meningitis, and necrotising
      fasciitis due to group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus, type M52, which was also
      cultured from the mother's cervix. Necrotising fasciitis is a severe infection of
      the skin and subcutaneous tissues with infarction, necrosis, and sloughing of the
      affected areas. Early recognition of this condition is essential so that
      appropriate treatment can be given.

PMID- 389178
TI  - Multiple self-healing pericytomas, clinically benign -- histologically malignant.

PMID- 389172
TI  - Juvenile diabetes mellitus: possibility of prevention.

PMID- 389177
TI  - Acid hydrolases in experimental and spontaneous bullae.
AB  - The activities of eight acid hydrolases have been measured in blister fluid from
      various bullous disorders and from experimental suction blisters. The levels of
      all enzymes increased dramatically for at least 24 h after induction of the
      blister. No correlation was found between acid hydrolase activity and any
      individual disease. The levels of activity in spontaneous bullae were similar to
      those reached after 24 h in experimental suction blisters which had been raised
      on previously inflamed skin. We conclude that the release of acid hydrolases may
      be a consequence rather than the cause of blister formation. This conclusion is
      supported by the lack of inflammatory response to the i.c. injection of blister
      fluid into normal skin.

PMID- 389179
TI  - [Jean Roujeau, 1917-1978].

PMID- 389180
TI  - [Stereotactic serial cerebral biopsies. Methodology (author's transl)].

PMID- 389181
TI  - [Pathology of liver transplantation in man: liver study of three patients after
      long time survival and death (author's transl)].

PMID- 389182
TI  - [Broncho-alveolar lavage fluids. Cytologic, cyto-fluorescent and cyto-enzymologic
      correlated studies (author's transl)].

PMID- 389183
TI  - Plasma amino acids as predictors of the severity and outcome of sepsis.
AB  - Sepsis is a major catabolic insult resulting in a peripheral energy deficit which
      is made up in part by increased breakdown of lean body mass and oxidation of
      amino acids, principally the branched chain amino acids. The prognosis in any
      given case of sepsis is difficult to predict, but should theoretically be related
      to the degree of disturbance in peripheral energy deficit, which may in turn, be
      related to plasma amino acid pattern. In order to study whether this hypothesis
      was correct, plasma amino acids and some of their metabolic byproducts, the beta
      hydroxyphenylethanolamines, were studied in 25 septic patients, and were used as
      discriminant variables in a series of computer performed discriminant analyses
      and multiple regressions. The two functions tested were the degree of metabolic
      septic encephalopathy as a determinant of the severity of sepsis and the final
      outcome in the septic patient. Plasma amino acid patterns exhibited elevated
      levels of the aromatic and sulfur containing amino acids, phenylalanine,
      tryosine, tryptophan, methionine, cysteine, and taurine, normal concentrations of
      alanine, and low normal concentrations of the branched chain amino acids, valine,
      leucine and isoleucine. Arginine levels, as previously noted, were very low.
      Patients not surviving the septic episode exhibited higher concentrations of
      aromatic and sulfur containing amino acids, while patients surviving sepsis had
      higher concentrations of the branched chain amino acids and arginine. When the
      degree of encephalopathy as a determinant of the severity of sepsis and step wise
      discriminant analysis with multiple crescent techniques were used, the best
      discriminant function between patients with and without encephalopathy was found
      to result from the interaction of cysteine, methionine, phenylalanine,
      isoleucine, leucine, and valine. These amino acids gave a correct classification
      in 82% of patients with no encephalopathy, and 80% of patients with septic
      encephalopathy. When the same amino acids were used for the discriminant analysis
      for patients dying of sepsis and patients surviving, the best discriminant
      function was achieved by using plasma concentrations of alanine, cysteine,
      methionine, isoleucine, arginine, tyrosine and phenylalanine resulting in 91% of
      the nonsurvivors, and 79% of the survivors correctly classified. The results
      suggest a close and significant relationship between the deranged energy
      metabolism and muscle protein breakdown in sepsis, and the outcome. This further
      suggests a central role for certain amino acids in perhaps predicting the
      severity of sepsis and its outcome.

PMID- 389185
TI  - Long-term fate of lung autografts charged with providing total pulmonary
      function. II. Hemodynamic, functional and angiographic studies.
AB  - Four dogs underwent autotransplantation of the left lung with immediate ligation
      of the right pulmonary artery and survived up to five years. Mean pulmonary
      artery pressures increased from 15 +/- 2 mmHg preoperatively to 23 +/- 4 mmHg
      immediately after operation and remained at the level (24 +/- 3 mmHg) up to five
      years operation. Arterial and venous blood gas values, determined while the
      animals were breathing ambient air spontaneously under light anesthesia, did not
      deteriorate with time and were within the normal range. The vascular resistance
      of the transplanted lungs up to five years after operation were not significantly
      different from those determined immediately after operation and remained lower
      than preoperative values, indicating that transplanted lungs retain indefinitely
      the ability to vasodilate with increased blood flow. Periodic angiography
      performed from 3-5 years after operation confirmed that the right lungs received
      no pulmonary blood flow and revealed normal vascular morphology except for
      moderate dilatation of the large arteries in the transplanted left lung. Thus,
      single transplanted lungs can provide total respiratory function while carrying
      the entire pulmonary blood flow at tolerable arterial pressures for at least five
      years without evidence of functional deterioration.

PMID- 389184
TI  - Long-term fate of lung autografts charged with providing total pulmonary
      function. I. Light and electron microscopic studies.
AB  - Two groups of dogs underwent light and electron microscopic examination of both
      lungs up to five years after left lung autotransplantation. In one group of four
      dogs that had undergone ligation of the right pulmonary artery at the time of
      left lung autotransplantation, no generalized or consistent lesions were present
      in the transplant except for slight distension of net capillaries and slight
      capillary basement membrane thickening. Aside from theseminor changes which were
      probably of no functional significance, most areas of lung examined up to five
      years after transplantation were normal. In the second group of four dogs that
      did not have contralateral pulmonary artery ligation at the time of left lung
      autotransplantation, no consistent abnormality was present in either the
      transplanted left or nontransplanted right lung. In three animals in this group,
      widespread normal areas were present bilaterally up to five years after
      transplantation. One animal in this group had focal changes consistent with
      chronic pulmonary disease in both of its lungs. Thus, transplanted lungs do not
      necessarily develop significant late pathologic lesions.

PMID- 389186
TI  - External ureteroneocystostomy and ureteroureterostomy in renal transplantation.
AB  - "External" ureteroneocystostomy is a method of reconstructing the urinary tract
      for renal transplantation. As performed by us, it is a modification of the
      technique of Witzel, Sampson, and Lich. It has the advantages of requiring a very
      short length of ureter, avoiding a separate and large cystotomy, and retaining
      the antireflux mechanism. This technique is described in detail.
      Ureteroureterostomy has been used as the preferred procedure when the bladder
      wall is very thin or when the vascular attachments are such that a ureteral
      length of greater than 6-7 cm would be required for bladder implantation. Since
      using these techniques we have reduced the early complication rate of ureteral
      implantation from 11.9% in a consecutive series of 126 transplants to 0% in the
      last 88 consecutive transplants. A review of the literature which led to the
      adoption of these techniques is also presented.

PMID- 389187
TI  - A mechanical device for sutureless aorta-saphenous vein anastomosis.
AB  - The aorta-saphenous vein anastomosis is a very common anastomosis with constant
      anatomy. A device for sutureless aortovenous anastomosis is presented which
      adapts the principle of venous eversion to the end-to-side anastomosis. The use
      of this device in 20 dogs demonstrated that reasonable early patency (85%) and
      subsequent long-term patency (100%) can be achieved. The device possesses the
      potential for rapid multiple anastomoses to the proximal aorta, but the eversion
      principle requires that the anastomosis be smaller than the vein utilized.
      Clinical application of this technique will require both modification to enlarge
      the anastomosis and demonstration of long-term patency competitive with suture
      techniques. The device is not yet ready for clinical use.

PMID- 389188
TI  - Effect of calcium and magnesium on transport processes by the turtle bladder.
AB  - The role of the changes in intracellular concentration of Ca and Mg in Na and H+
      transport by the turtle bladder in vitro was studied with the use of the
      ionophore A23187. This ionophore increases the permeability of living and
      artificial membranes to divalent cations. In the presence of a minimal
      concentration of Ca (0.2 mM), which is necessary for the membranes to remain
      stable, the ionophore failed to alter the rate of Na transport or H+ secretion in
      the presence of 2.5 mM Mg. These data demonstrate that changes in intracellular
      Mg do not play an important role in Na or H+ transport by the turtle bladder. In
      the presence of 1.8 mM Ca the ionophore caused a significant decrease in Na
      transport as compared to control hemibladders treated with dimethylsulfoxide, the
      vehicle used to dissolve the ionophore. In the presence of  a minimal
      concentration of Ca (0.2 mM) the ionophore failed to alter the rate of Na
      transport. These observations demonstrate that the decrease in Na transport in
      the presence of Ca was the result of changes in intracellular Ca concentration
      rather than a non-specific effect of the ionophore. The data further demonostrate
      that calcium plays an important role in Na transport by the turtle bladder but
      that Mg does not seem to be important in the regulation of Na or H+ transport by
      this membrane.

PMID- 389189
TI  - Netilmicin in the treatment of infections in patients with cancer.
AB  - Ninety-two patients with cancer with 100 infectious episodes were treated with
      netilmicin sulfate, a new aminoglycoside. Netilmicin was administered
      intravenously, either intermittently or by continuous infusion. The overall cure
      rate was 60%. Gram-negative bacilli were the most common causative organisms and
      the response rate for these infections was 32/53 (60%). The most common pathogens
      were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
      Pneumonia, urinary tract infection, and septicemia were the most common types of
      infection treated and the response rates were 23/47 (49%), 19/21 (90%), and 9/17
      (53%), respectively. Nephrotoxicity occurred in ten patients (6%) who had normal
      renal function initially. Netilmicin is an effective aminoglycoside with a
      spectrum of antibacterial activity similar to that of gentamicin sulfate and it
      appears to be less nephrotoxic.

PMID- 389190
TI  - [Effect of reduced gastrointestinal motility on the regulation of
      gastrointestinal flora and the pathogenesis of coli enterotoxinemia in market
      swine].
AB  - Opium tincture and Spasmentral were applied to piglets early after weaning and
      reduced their gastro-intestinal motility, which, however, caused only very minor
      changes in quantitative germ flora composition in those first days. Short-time
      suppression of gastro-intestinal motility obviously does not result in
      detrimental consequences to the organism as a whole, since there seem to be
      several factors which are involved in the control and regulation of the
      intestinal germ flora. Impairment of gastro-intestinal motility appeared to be of
      no importance to the pathogenesis of coli-enterotoxaemia, as it was not followed
      by higher incidence of the disease.

PMID- 389191
TI  - [Epizootiology of Salmonella typhimurium infection in chickens].
AB  - The incidence of S. typhimurium infections among fowl increased in thr region of
      Potsdam in general, and on various big farms in particular, 1976 and over the
      first half of 1977. The outbreaks included subclinical infections and clinically
      manifest diseases which caused remarkable loss of broilers from the affected
      stocks (up to 15.92 per cent). Parent stocks contaminated with S. typhimurium
      were to be the sources of infection in all cases. A total of 1,220 Salmonella
      strains were isolated from fowl and its environment, with 1,151 of them being S.
      typhimurium (2.98 per cent of all samples tested). The following amounts of S.
      typhimurium strains were isolated from different types of samples which had been
      collected from infected broiler stocks: 8.10 per cent from dead broilers, 5.86
      per cent from dead broiler parents, 2.11 per cent from pulp linings of transport
      cages for day-old chicks, 1.23 per cent from litter, 1.0 per cent from hatching
      material (eggs or dead and jammed embryos, and 0.12 per cent from swabs used in
      hygiene supervision). No Salmonellae were isolated from feedstuff. The
      transmission of S. typhimurium, therefore, is though to have taken the route via
      the hatching egg and via congenitally infected chicks traded between breeders and
      propagation farms. The control and prophylaxis of S. typhimurium infections,
      therefore, should be based primarily on action in the centralised breeding
      stocks. Specific steps of such action are proposed. Fifty-three strains were
      biochemically and lysotypically analysed, with the following types being
      determined: ut/Ph 30 BT b, ut/Ph 30 BT c, n.c. 1/72/n.c. BT b, 2 n.c. BT a, and
      1A/6 BT a. The first two types covered 84.9 per cent of all strains isolated from
      the fowl. All lysotype ut/Ph 30 strains isolated from fowl fell under the
      copenhagen variant which had rarely been isolated from man in the past. These
      results are likely to support the demand for a joint control programme for
      enteritis Salmonellae, with particular emphasis on S. typhimurium, for
      implementation in human and veterinary medicine.

PMID- 389192
TI  - [Autosomal chromosome aberrations].

PMID- 389193
TI  - Microproliferation of enterochromaffin cells and the origin of carcinoid tumors
      of the ileum: a light microscopic and immunocytochemical study.
AB  - Using light microscopy, we studied the enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the
      intertumoral normal-appearing ileal mucosa in four cases of multiple ileal
      carcinoid tumors to investigate the mode of development of these tumors. There
      were 54 (39 mucosal, 15 submucosal) grossly invisible neoplastic
      microproliferations of cells with the attributes of EC cells, including
      immunocytochemical characteristics. No direct connection between these
      microproliferations and the intramucosal EC cells were demonstrated, nor was
      hyperplasia of EC cells found. Thus, we did not find a direct link between the
      intramucosal EC cells and carcinoid tumor.

PMID- 389195
TI  - The 'dying back' process. A common denominator in many naturally occurring and
      toxic neuropathies.
AB  - The "dying back" process can be defined as a pathological changes affecting
      certain neurons in a number of systematized degenerative conditions. Examples
      exist to illustrate the nature of this process, which is unique to nervous
      tissue, and there is an association of this process with certain chronic vitamin
      deficiency syndromes and some important neurotoxic chemicals. Albeit largely
      speculative, one can attempt to group the conditions showing the dying back
      process in terms of putative metabolic lesions. Although this attempt is
      admittedly only a first approximation, it enables us to look ahead to a future
      understanding of the metabolic problems of long neurons and how their selective
      degeneration comes about.

PMID- 389194
TI  - Nesidioblastosis and congenital neuroblastoma: a histologic and
      immunocytochemical study of a new complex neurocristopathy.
AB  - Congenital neuroblastoma and nesidioblastosis occurred simultaneously in a
      neonate with severe hypoglycemia. This combination may represent a rare type of
      complex neurocristopathy. Immunocytochemical staining revealed a diffuse
      proliferation of alpha, beta, and delta cells as clusters and individual cells.
      The total islet volume was less than control values and beta cell counts were not
      increased. This case tends to support the hypothesis that morphologic integrity
      of the normal islet architecture is important in the control of function and not
      merely excessive numbers of one cell type.

PMID- 389196
TI  - Spiroplasma-like inclusions in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
AB  - Spiral membranous inclusions were discovered on electron microscopic study of
      brain biopsy tissues from a 46-year-old man with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD).
      These replicate coiled membranous configurations measured 850 to 1,000 nm in
      length and 75 to 137.5 nm in width and were located within axoplasm, primarily in
      presynaptic terminals. These inclusions closely resemble Spiroplasma, a plant
      pathogen, and the finding of these structures in CJD suggests the concurrence of
      Spiroplasma infection with a human chronic degenerative brain disease.

PMID- 389197
TI  - [Synthesis of 1-(3-quinolino)-2-alkylaminoethanols (author's transl)].

PMID- 389198
TI  - Histomorphological investigations of coxa femoral ends following double-cup
      arthroplasty according to Freeman.
AB  - Of 20 shell prostheses inserted in cases of early coxarthrosis in our clinic
      during the period from mid-1976 to the end of 1978, three had to be removed.
      Morphological examinations, employing different techniques, were made of the coxa
      femoral ends which were removed. The foreign body reaction of the bone tissue
      beneath the cement within the prosthetic shell and the biomechanical response
      were investigated on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic structural
      analyses. Dependent upon the time elapsed, the exposed spongiosa surface was
      observed to have become remodeled to a thin cortical protective layer.
      Independent of time between insertion and removal of the prosthetic shell, a
      continuous wide layer, consisting of cellular and fibrous tissue, was formed
      between the bone and the cement (which remained intact) even after the formation
      of the above-mentioned cortical bone substrate.

PMID- 389199
TI  - [Biochemical aspects of lipid metabolism in multiple sclerosis].
AB  - The biochemical features of lipid metabolism in multiple sclerosis are discussed
      and the contribution made by work on the aetiopathogenesis of the disease is
      illustrated. Reference is made to diagnostic tests (E-UFA and MEM tests), whose
      premisses are based on lipid metabolism. A link between biochemical and
      immunological research in this field is put forward.

PMID- 389200
TI  - [Clinical and secretory evaluation of the use of cimetidine in peptic ulcer].
AB  - Cimetidine (an H2 receptor blocking agent) was used to treat 35 patients with
      gastroduodenal peptic ulcer. Endoscopic and secretory controls before and after
      the treatment showed that pain was reduced in all cases, that complete or partial
      re-epithelialisation occurred in 33/35, and that there was a significant
      reduction in basal and post-histamine acid secretion. Alkaline secretion was not
      significantly altered. Follow-up of the series is regarded as indispensable.

PMID- 389201
TI  - [Epidemiology of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus in the school population of
      Pordenone Province].
AB  - During the winter months of 1976-1977, our group carried out an epidemiological
      study in the school population aged 7 years and 10 years respectively, living in
      the towns of Pasiano (pop. 6,389) and Zoppola (pop. 7,383) in the province of
      Pordenone. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of individuals in
      the school-age group having group A beta haemolitic streptococcus in the pharynx.
      The results of the study showed a high incidence of children with a positive
      throat swad. Of the 284 scholars examined, 107 (45.7% of the entire population
      examined) were carriers, in the pharynx, of group A beta haemolytic
      streptococcus.

PMID- 389202
TI  - Detection of measles virus antigen(s) in peripheral lymphocytes from patients
      with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 5 patients with subacute sclerosing
      panencephalitis (SSPE) were stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and analyzed
      for the presence of the measles virus antigen(s) by immunofluorescence (IF). For
      detection of viral antigen fluorescein-conjugated globulins from SSPE patients or
      from measles convalescents both with high anti-measles titer were used.
      Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 5 children with measles were used as a positive
      control. Measles virus antigen(s) were localized in PHA-transformed lymphocytes
      in all SSPE patients. The present results indicate that in SSPE measles-like
      virus infection may be found not only in the central nervous system, but also in
      the circulating lymphoid cells.

PMID- 389203
TI  - Application of single-radial-haemolysis test for the detection of antibodies to
      togaviruses.
AB  - The newly developed single-radial-haemolysis technique was employed in this study
      for screening of sera for detection of antibodies to three Nigerian togaviruses.
      This technique was compared with the standard haemagglutination-inhibition
      method. A close correlation between the two techniques was observed.

PMID- 389204
TI  - Interference with polyhedral inclusion body (PIB) production in Trichoplusia ni
      cells infected with a high passage strain of Autographa californica nuclear
      polyhedrosis virus (NPV). Brief report.
AB  - Trichoplusia ni cells infected with a low passage (LP) strain of Autographa
      californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) produce large numbers of polyhedral
      inclusion bodies (PIBs). Interference with PIB production occurs when T. ni cells
      are first inoculated with a high passage (HP) strain and then challenged with the
      LP strain. PIB production is reduced 100 fold to the level seen with HP virus
      infection only.

PMID- 389205
TI  - [A word about Georgii Ippolitovich Zabusov].

PMID- 389206
TI  - [Lev Davidovich Liozner (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 389207
TI  - [Grigorii Isaakovich Peisakhovich (on his 70th birthday and the 45th anniversary
      of his scientific, teaching and public career)].

PMID- 389209
TI  - [50th anniversary of the Brain Institute of the Academy of Medical Sciences of
      the USSR].

PMID- 389208
TI  - [Macrophage reaction in the bed of an allogeneic skin transplant].
AB  - The character of cell reactions, number of macrophages at the place of skin
      allograft was demonstrated to depend on the stage of posttransplantational
      period. Macrophagal reaction increases as the crisis of rejection is approaching;
      functional and metabolic activity of macrophages is increasing that is evident
      from an intensive vacuolization of cytoplasm, decreased contents of glycogene,
      enhanced acid phosphatase activity in them, increased amount of H3-thymidin
      labelled cells.

PMID- 389210
TI  - [History of the growth of the anatomical museum of the Department of Human
      Anatomy of the I. M. Sechenov I Moscow Medical Institute].

PMID- 389211
TI  - [Perhexiline maleate in a multicentric study in Brazil - a new model of a
      clinical protocol and mechanism of action of the drug].

PMID- 389212
TI  - [Effects of verapamil on the ergometric test in patients with sustained diastolic
      hypertension. Preliminary study].

PMID- 389213
TI  - [Verapamil in the treatment of angina pectoris. Double-blind study with clinical
      and ergometric evaluation].

PMID- 389214
TI  - Immunosuppressive measles encephalitis in a patient with a renal transplant.
AB  - An inclusion body encephalitis developed in a patient with a renal transplant
      that was shown by immunofluorescence and electron microscopic studies to be due
      to measles virus. Measles encephalitis may be an opportunistic infection in
      children and adults with immunodeficiencies secondary to tumors or to the
      administration of immunosuppressive drugs.

PMID- 389215
TI  - Cerebral reticulum cell sarcoma.

PMID- 389216
TI  - Fluoride content of buccal surface enamel from caries-free mediaeval subjects.

PMID- 389218
TI  - Quantitative pathology of oral mucosal allografts in the rabbit.

PMID- 389217
TI  - Investigation of plaque flora of human carious teeth using a microsampling
      technique.

PMID- 389219
TI  - Intraocular carbon dioxide laser photocautery. II. Preliminary report of clinical
      trials.
AB  - Carbon dioxide laser photocautery was used successfully intraocularly in human
      patients to seal fibrovascular fronds and retinal tears at the time of
      vitrectomy. Closure of rubeotic vessels in the iris was demonstrated
      histologically. The 10.6-microgram infrared radiation was delivered to the
      intraocular treatment site by means of 1.5-mm-diameter photocautery probe
      containing a 1.0-mm-diameter lumen closed at the end with an infrared
      transmitting window. Treatment was localized to the tissue adjacent to the
      window. Typical energy dosage was 0.4 W for 2 to 4 s duration. These early
      clinical trials were carried out under the guidelines established by the Food and
      Drug Administration; informed consent clearly outlined the experimental nature of
      these studies.

PMID- 389222
TI  - The Siamese twins, Eng and Chang: their lives and their hearing losses.
AB  - Eng and Chang were conjoined twins who were born in Thailand and settled in the
      United States at the age of 18 years. Numerous surgeons in the United States and
      Europe examined them and almost all of them believed that an attempt at
      separation would be fatal. They married sisters and lived on a farm in North
      Carolina where they loved to hunt wild game. Both used shotguns placed on their
      right shoulders. At the age of 58 years, it was noted that Chang, who was located
      to the left of Eng, had a hearing loss in both ears and that Eng had a loss that
      was greater in the left ear. It is proposed that these hearing losses may have
      been caused by muzzle-blast injury from hunting and that only the right ear of
      Eng was privileged to experience the protective effect of head shadow.

PMID- 389221
TI  - Localization of IgE in adenoids and tonsils: an immunoperoxidase study.
AB  - An immunoperoxidase technique was applied to the localization of IgE in
      formaldehyde-solution-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. The content and
      distribution of IgE in tonsil and adenoid tissues from ten patients with
      histories of inhalant allergies and elevated serum levels of total and allergen
      specific IgE were investigated. Compared with tissues from five nonatopic
      subjects, the tissues from atopic individuals were observed to harbor a much
      larger population of IgE-formating plasma cells. The profusion of IgE plasma
      cells in nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissue, observed in this study, furnishes strong
      anatomic evidence for a pathogenetic role of IgE in inhalant allergies. For
      cellular and tissue localization of IgE, the immunoperoxidase technique offers
      clear advantages over previously used immunoflorescence procedures.

PMID- 389220
TI  - Transplantation of cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells to species with
      nonregenerative endothelium. The cat as an experimental model.
AB  - The in vivo transplantation of cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells has been
      attempted in the cat. Cat corneas denuded of their endothelium were coated with
      bovine corneal endothelial cells previously maintained in tissue culture. When
      grafted back into cat recipients, the corneal buttons remained clear with no
      edema. Alizarin red staining of the endothelial side of the corneal transplant
      demonstrated that the coated bovine corneal endothelial cells reorganized
      themselves into a highly organized cell monolayer within eight days in vivo. In
      contrast, corneas denuded of their endothelium became opaque and edematous within
      seven days and remained so thereafter. These results demonstrate that cultured
      corneal endothelial cells remain functional in vitro and can replace a damaged or
      nonfunctional endothelium i

PMID- 389223
TI  - Home blood pressure monitoring and changes in plasma catecholamines during once
      or twice daily treatment with atenolol in patients with mild hypertension.
AB  - 1. The effects of atenolol on diurnal blood pressure control, heart rate and
      plasma catecholamines were studied in nine hypertensives, six of whom also
      received diuretics. The patients completed a double-blind trial in which the
      effects of once and twice daily administration of atenolol were compared with
      placebo. 2. Atenolol (100 mg) given once a day produced significant reduction in
      diurnal blood pressures recorded at home but the effect was slightly less than
      either 50 mg given twice a day or 200 mg once a day. 3. Effects on heart rate and
      blood pressure were seen within 36 hours of the first dose, and were near maximal
      at 72 hours. After cessation of the drug, mean resting heart rate increased
      gradually and reached pre-treatment levels five days later, suggesting strong
      tissue binding of atenolol. Blood pressure increased more slowly over 8--10 days.
      4. Plasma noradrenaline levels were increased at rest with atenolol. This argues
      strongly against the antihypertensive effect of atenolol being due to a reduction
      of sympathetic nerve activity. 5. Once daily administration of atenolol in this
      group of patients with mild hypertension produced satisfactory diurnal blood
      pressure control and beta blockade without "rebound" hypertension on cessation of
      therapy.

PMID- 389224
TI  - Lymphomatoid granulomatosis in a renal transplant recipient.
AB  - Lymphomatoid granulomatosis is a multi-system disorder of high mortality and
      characterised by angiocentric and angiodestructive lymphoreticular proliferative
      and granulomatous change. A case is described of this disease occurring in a
      renal transplant patient. The patient underwent a rapid remission of the disease
      after a course of combined cytotoxic therapy and remains free of disease three
      years after treatment. This case is the second described renal transplant patient
      to develop the disease and the first to be successfully treated. It is likely
      that the disease originated as a consequence of immunosuppression similar to the
      development of lymphomas in allograft recipients.

PMID- 389225
TI  - Atherosclerosis and urate metabolism.

PMID- 389226
TI  - Haemopoietic inhibitors in acute leukaemia.

PMID- 389227
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

PMID- 389228
TI  - The Hamilton Russell Memorial Lecture. Preserved through the medium: art and the
      history of orthopaedics.

PMID- 389229
TI  - Omental transposition and skin graft in the management of chest wall recurrence
      of carcinoma of the breast.
AB  - The greater omentum is readily available for the reconstruction of the defect
      produced after palliative excision of recurrent breast carcinoma. It covers a
      wide area and readily accepts a skin graft, and it has been observed that there
      is some local immunity to the reappearance of further recurrence at the site of
      the graft. The operation can be combined with endocrine ablation.

PMID- 389230
TI  - The treatment of deep burns of the hand.
AB  - Early debridement of deep dermal or full thickness burns to the dorsum of the
      hand is recommended as a means of promoting early healing and mobilization, and
      therefore less residual disability. The results of treatment of 27 patients with
      deep hand burns are reviewed and some illustrative examples are discussed. A plan
      of management for these injuries is presented.

PMID- 389231
TI  - Contraceptive use in Australia.
AB  - The purpose of this paper is to trace the pattern of contraceptive use in
      Australia during the past 50 years, discussing reasons and circumstances related
      to the changing preference for specific methods, against the background of
      demographic trends in childbearing and woman's changing role in society. The
      analysis is based on unique information regarding married couples and young
      adults in Australia obtained from large-scale demographic surveys carried out in
      Melbourne during 1971 and 1977 by the Department of Demography at the Australian
      National University.

PMID- 389232
TI  - Amyloidosis of the pancreas: histochemical differentiation between insular and
      extrainsular deposits.
AB  - The results of a study of eighty-two human pancreases affected by deposits of
      amyloid in the islets of Langerhans are presented. Two different types of amyloid
      deposits were observed, one affecting the exocrine tissue and the other affecting
      the islets. These deposits were found to be histochemically different and
      appeared to indicate two different aetiopathogenetic processes. The deposit found
      in the exocrine tissue is essentially perivascular and might be considered an
      extension to the pancreas of a systemic amyloidosis of the "senile type"; the
      islet deposits appear to be a completely different phenomenon that could become
      part of the biology and pathology peculiar to the so called APUD system. The
      coexistence of the two types of amyloid in the human pancreas would seem,
      therefore, to represent a casual event.

PMID- 389233
TI  - Laudatio. On the occasion of Prof. Dr. Konrad Spang's seventieth birthday.

PMID- 389234
TI  - In memoriam Dr. D.C. Deuchar.

PMID- 389235
TI  - Presentation of the Professor Dr. H. C. Burger Award (Dr. Abraham Noordergraaf).

PMID- 389236
TI  - Biosynthesis and turnover of outer-membrane proteins in Escherichia coli ML308
      225.
AB  - Isolated outer membranes and outer-membrane extracts from Escherichia coli ML308
      225 in the early-exponential growth phase contain more protein than do
      corresponding preparations from late-exponential- or stationary-phase bacteria.
      Isotope-dilution experiments show that this is due to a loss of protein from the
      membrane during the exponential growth phase. Inhibition of bacterial growth and
      protein synthesis stabilizes the outer-membrane-protein concentration. Protein
      synthesis in the absence of bacterial growth results in higher concentrations of
      protein in the outer membrane.

PMID- 389238
TI  - Abnormal ribosome assembly in a mutant of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The mutant strain, 15--28, of Escherichia coli accumulates ribonucleoprotein
      ('47S') particles that were previously shown [Markey, Sims & Wild (1976) Biochem.
      J. 158, 451--456] to be an unusual intermediate in the assembly of 50S ribosomal
      subunits...

PMID- 389237
TI  - Characterization and phenotypic control of the cytochrome content of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - 1. Electron-transport particles derived from Escherichia coli grown aerobically
      contain three b-type cytochromes with mid-point oxidation-reduction potentials at
      pH7 of +260mV, +80mV and -50mV, with n=1 for each. The variation of these values
      with pH was determined. 2. E. coli develops a different set of b-type cytochromes
      when grown anaerobically on glycerol with fumarate or nitrate as terminal
      electron acceptor. Electron-transport particles of fumarate-grown cells contain b
      type cytochromes with mid-point potentials at pH7 of +140mV and +250mV (n=1).
      These two cytochromes are also present in cells grown with nitrate as terminal
      acceptor, where an additional cytochrome b with a mid-point potential of +10mV
      (n=1) is developed. 3. The wavelengths of the alpha-absorption-band maxima of the
      b-type cytochromes at 77K were: (a) for aerobically grown cells, cytochrome b
      (E(m7) +260mV), 556nm and 563nm, cytochrome b (E(m7) +80mV), 556nm and cytochrome
      b (E(m7)-50mV), 558nm; (b) for anaerobically grown cells, cytochrome b (E(m7)
      +250mV), 558nm, cytochrome b (E(m7) +40mV), 555nm and cytochrome b (E(m7) +10mV),
      556nm. 4. Cytochrome d was found to have a mid-point potential at pH7 of +280mV
      (n=1). 5. Cytochrome a(1) was resolved as two components of equal magnitude with
      mid-point potentials of +260mV and +160mV (n=1). 6. Redox titrations performed in
      the presence of CO showed that one of the b-type cytochromes in the aerobically
      grown cultures was reduced, even at the upper limits of our range of electrode
      potentials (above +400mV). Cytochrome d was also not oxidizable in the presence
      of CO. Neither of the cytochromes a(1) was affected by the presence of CO.

PMID- 389239
TI  - Crystallization of a dihydrolipoyl transacetylase--dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase
      subcomplex and its implications regarding the subunit structure of the pyruvate
      dehydrogenase complex from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 389240
TI  - Cysteine sulfinate transamination activity of aspartate aminotransferases.

PMID- 389241
TI  - Gamma-ray enhanced reactivation of gamma-irradiated adenovirus in human cells.

PMID- 389242
TI  - Fate during cell growth of yeast mitochondrial and nuclear DNA after photolytic
      attachment of the monoazide analog of ethidium.

PMID- 389243
TI  - Alteration of processive mechanism of native polynucleotide phosphorylase by
      fixation to solid matrix.

PMID- 389244
TI  - Specificity of lincomycin action on peptidyl transferase activity.

PMID- 389245
TI  - Genetic manipulation of a latent defect in yeast cytochrome biosynthesis
      utilizing cytoduction.

PMID- 389246
TI  - Identification and characterization of the cAMP binding proteins of yeast by
      photoaffinity labeling.

PMID- 389247
TI  - Stereoselective activation of vicinal dihalogen compounds to mutagens by
      glutathione conjugation.

PMID- 389248
TI  - Effect of estrogen on natural killer cells.
AB  - Treatment of mice with sustained high levels of betarestradiol leads to a
      reduction in natural killer cell activity and genetic resistance to bone marrow
      transplantation. The loss of natural killing does not seem to result from either
      humoral or immune suppression. Natural killer cells are thought to depend on the
      bone marrow, and it is notable that estrogens reduce natural killing at
      approximately the same time that they produce a loss of ma-row due to
      osteoproliferation. Similarly, mice with congenital osteopetrosis are deficient
      in natural killing. However, changes in natural killing during and after
      treatment with estrogen do not correspond directly to changes in marrow volume.
      Estrogens are known to exacerbate spontaneous autoimmunity in NZB/NZW mice. The
      relationship between this  effect and the effect of estrogen on natural killing
      is not clear. When natural killing is lowered in NZB/NZW mice by the in vivo
      administration of 89Sr, autoimmunity is reduced.

PMID- 389249
TI  - Glucocorticoids and immune responses.

PMID- 389250
TI  - Sex differences in response to hepatitis B virus. III. Responses to HBV and sex
      of donor and recipient in kidney and bone marrow transplantation.
AB  - We proposed the hypothesis that there is an antigen on the hepatitis B virus
      (HBV) that cross-reacts with a male associated antigen to explain four
      observations: 1) sex differences in the responses to HBV infection, 2) sex
      differences in the prevalence of chronic liver diseases associated with hepatitis
      B, 3) the association of parental responses to HBV with the sex ratio (at birth)
      of their offspring, and 4) the relation of kidney graft survival with the
      combination of anti-HBs in the recipients and the sex of the organ donor.
      Patients with aplastic anemia treated with bone marrow transplantation from HLA
      identical sibling donors were studied to further test this hypothesis and the
      results provide additional support. Cross reactivity of HBsAg with H-Y antigen,
      however, has not been demonstrated.

PMID- 389251
TI  - [Portacaval anastomosis in the rat. 1. Surgical technic].

PMID- 389252
TI  - Partial denture technique. 2.--The purpose of the denture: choice of material.

PMID- 389253
TI  - Accidental ingestion of a root face restoration.

PMID- 389255
TI  - Frank Clare Wilkinson.

PMID- 389254
TI  - Western Counties Branch centenary celebrations.

PMID- 389256
TI  - Retirement of Mr. R. G. MacLean.

PMID- 389257
TI  - Another true story (Bertrand Bland).

PMID- 389258
TI  - Endocarditis caused by Salmonella enteritidis.
AB  - A case of endocarditis caused by Salmonella enteritidis is reported in a 20-year
      old African woman. This is only the fourth published case. The development of
      this rare infection in the patient reported here probably resulted from a
      reduction in immunity caused by pregnancy and a past splenectomy.

PMID- 389259
TI  - Randomised multicentre trial of early mobilisation after uncomplicated myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - In a multicentre trial 742 patients in 13 hospitals in Wales were randomly
      allocated on the fifth day after uncomplicated myocardial infarction to be
      mobilised on the fifth or the tenth day. The trial shows no difference in first
      year mortality, nor in morbidity assessed after a median period of 13 months.
      Follow-up after one year suggests an unexplained lower mortality during the
      second and third years in the late mobilisation group.

PMID- 389260
TI  - Postoperative serum cholinesterase activity following successful renal
      transplantation.
AB  - For 6 months after renal transplant serum cholinesterase concentrations were
      measured in 10 patients. The value decreased in the first 15 days after
      operation, but was normal thereafter. Liver function tests were normal throughout
      the study; the cholinesterase changes were independent of immunosuppressive
      therapy.

PMID- 389262
TI  - Prevention of diazepam-induced thrombophlebitis with cremophor as a solvent.
AB  - In 104 patients undergoing anaesthesia of short duration, two different solvents,
      propylene glycol and cremophor, were compared in a double-blind trial. Diazepam
      10 mg in a coded solution was injected into a superficial vein of the hand using
      a small-gauge needle. The vein was examined after 14 days. The frequency of
      thrombophlebitis with propylene glycol was 62.2% and with cremophor 3.4% (P less
      than 0.001). The frequency of pain on injection was also in favour of the new
      solvent (P less than 0.001). The possibility of anaphylactic reactions accredited
      to cremophor, however, restricts the use of the new injection.

PMID- 389261
TI  - Glycopyrrolate as a premedicant: comparison with atropine.
AB  - A double-blind comparison of glycopyrrolate with atropine as the anticholinergic
      component of premedication was made in 200 patients undergoing minor or
      intermediate surgical procedures. Glycopyrrolate was associated with a smaller
      increase in heart rate, but there was no difference between the drugs in respect
      of cardiac arrhythmia, change in arterial pressure, control of secretions in the
      upper respiratory tract, frequency of nausea and vomiting after operation or
      subjective well-being of the patients.

PMID- 389263
TI  - The state control of medicines: the first 3000 years.

PMID- 389266
TI  - Lymphomas in renal transplant recipients: a search for clustering.

PMID- 389264
TI  - The aspirin-ibuprofen interaction in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - 1 This was a double-blind crossover trial of ibuprofen and soluble aspirin
      against each drug alone and against placebo in patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis. Two dosage regimes were tested. 2 A weak clinical additive effect was
      demonstrated between soluble aspirin and ibuprofen in patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis using moderate (1600 mg ibuprofen and 3.6 g aspirin daily) but not low
      (800 mg ibuprofen and 2.4 g aspirin daily) dosages of both drugs. 3 A significant
      correlation between clinical efficacy and serum ibuprofen but not salicylate
      level was found in the single drug periods of the trial. 4 No consistent effect
      of ibuprofen administration on serum salicylate levels was found. 5 Concurrent
      salicylate administration produced significant lowering of serum ibuprofen levels
      without affecting elimination half-lives of the drug.

PMID- 389265
TI  - Immunotherapy using BCG during remission induction and as the sole form of
      maintenance in acute myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - Thirty-two adults with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) were randomized to receive,
      from the time of diagnosis, either chemotherapy alone (C group) or chemotherapy
      plus Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine (BCG) (C+I group). After remission induction
      and consolidation, chemotherapy was stopped in both groups but BCG was continued
      in the C+I group. The overall survival of the C+I group was significantly
      increased (P less than 0.05). There was no significant increase in the duration
      of first remission in the C+I group (0.05 less than P less than 0.1) nor in the
      time from first relapse to death (0.05 less than P less than 0.1). There was no
      significant difference in the incidence of first or second remissions, and the
      time taken to enter remission did not differ significantly between the two
      groups. Comparison with the results of other trials suggests that the use of
      maintenance chemotherapy in addition to immunotherapy produces longer remissions.
      Five patients in the C group developed leukaemic central-nervous-system (CSN)
      involvement, in comparison with none in the C+I group. CNS relapse did not
      produce a significant decrease in remission length (P greater than 0.1) but
      reduction in survival after CNS relapse was highly significant (P = 0.001). These
      results suggest that administration of BCG from an early stage in the treatment
      of AML may protect the CNS against leukaemic infiltration and therefore serve as
      a simple, innocuous form of CNS prophylaxis.

PMID- 389267
TI  - Studies on fibronectin in the skin. I. Indirect immunofluorescence studies in
      normal human skin.
AB  - Fibronectin is a glycoprotein mediating contact between cellular elements and
      collagen. As judged by indirect immunofluorescence studies fibronectin is
      abundantly present in normal human skin. It is located in the dermo-epidermal
      junction area, in the papillary and reticular dermis, about epidermal appendages
      (pilosebaceous units and eccrine sweat glands) and in the vascular and neural
      structures.

PMID- 389268
TI  - Juvenile dermatitis herpetiformis: an immunoelectron microscopic study.
AB  - Three children with persistent maculopapular and urticarial lesions and vesicles
      at the predilection sites of dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) were shown to exhibit
      typical granular, papillary IgA and C3 deposits in the tips of the dermal
      papillae, as demonstrated by direct immunofluorescence. By immunoelectron
      microscopy, the IgA deposits were associated with the microfibrils of the elastic
      fibres as has been described in DH of the adult. C3 deposits were scattered
      throughout the papillary dermis. Despite the similarity of the clinical
      appearance, history with regard to gluten sensitive enteropathy (GSE) varied in
      these three cases. In one child, the skin lesions appeared following faults in
      the gluten free diet on which he was kept for coeliac disease. Another child
      developed the skin lesions during a gluten free diet which was not strictly
      followed; no recurrences of gastrointestinal symptoms accompanied the eruption of
      DH. In the third case, no evidence for GSE in patient's history or in jejunal
      biopsies was present at the time of onset of DH.

PMID- 389270
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies on eosinophilic granulocytes.
AB  - Immunofluorescence techniques were used to find out whether immunoglobulins (Ig)
      and complement (C3) determinants are present on the membrane of eosinophilic
      granulocytes in atopic patients and in patients with an allergic contact
      dermatitis. Normal healthy individuals served as controls. The studies were
      performed with eosinophilic granulocytes in suspension and in thin cell layers.
      The demonstration of the presence of cytoplasmic Ig and C3 in eosinophilic
      granulocytes was carried out in skin specimens taken 20-30 min after injection of
      the antigen and in specimens taken from positive patch tests 48 h after
      application of the antigen. No immunoglobulins or C3 determinants could be
      demonstrated on the membrane of eosinophilic granulocytes in the patients or the
      healthy controls, when the suspension methods were used. However, in thin cell
      layers and in skin sections the eosinophilic granulocytes showed a positive
      fluorescence of the cytoplasm after having been exposed to various conjugates and
      a FITC solution. It is concluded that the commonly used immunofluorescence
      techniques tend to give non-specific staining results, most likely due to
      reactivity of the FITC marker of the conjugates with basic proteins present in
      the cytoplasm of the eosinophilic granulocyte.

PMID- 389269
TI  - Corticosteroids, aurothioglucose and soybean trypsin inhibitor do not prevent
      pemphigus antibody-induced acantholysis in vitro.
AB  - Hydrocortisone, triamcinolone acetonide, aurothioglucose and soybean trypsin
      inhibitor were added to normal human skin explants cultured with IgG from
      pemphigus serum to determine if acantholysis could be prevented. At the
      therapeutic concentrations used none of these compounds prevented binding of the
      autoantibody to the epidermal target cells, and none prevented acantholysis.
      These experiments support the concepts that the pemphigus antibody alone is
      responsible for producing the acantholytic lesions of pemphigus, that the
      therapeutic effectiveness of steroids and gold salts is probably due to their
      ability to reduce serum autoantibody titres and that pemphigus acantholysis is
      probably not caused by a serine proteinase.

PMID- 389271
TI  - Photochemotherapy (PUVA) of psoriasis using 3-carbethoxypsoralen, a non
      carcinogenic compound in mice.
AB  - The carcinogenic risk of photochemotherapy (PUVA) with bi-functional
      furocoumarins such as 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) which form cross-links in
      cellular DNA has initiated a search for active but less hazardous psoralens. A
      new compound, 3-carbethoxypsoralen (3-CPs), studied in the yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae (eukaryote), has been shown to be very photoactive on DNA and to form
      only mono-additions to DNA. These lesions appear to be more easily repaired than
      the cross-links induced by 8-MOP. 3-CPs produces less nuclear genetic events such
      as nuclear mutations and mitotic crossovers, but more cytoplasmic 'petite'
      mutations (damage to mitochondrial DNA) than 8-MOP. In mice it was demonstrated
      that after local or intra-peritoneal administration, in contrast to 8-MOP, 3-CPs
      is non-toxic, non-erythematogenic, and non-carcinogenic. A study of ten psoriatic
      patients had shown that local applications of 3-CPs plus UV-A exhibit about the
      same therapeutic activity for the clearing of psoriatic lesions as local
      treatment with 8-MOP plus UV-A, but without any localized hyperpigmentation.

PMID- 389272
TI  - Lesions induced by trauma in pemphigoid.
AB  - Three patients are described with pemphigoid (two with typical adult type and one
      with juvenile pemphigoid) in whom bullous lesions had clearly been induced by the
      trauma of scratching. In two patients this phenomenon occurred during the first
      few weeks of systemic corticosteroid treatment at a time when other lesions were
      resolving or had completely healed. Although lesions induced by trauma are not
      usually of great clinical importance, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita may
      represent a variant of pemphigoid in which trauma-induced lesions predominate.
      Induction of pemphigoid lesions by trauma may prove a useful method of studying
      early immunopathological events.

PMID- 389273
TI  - Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita--a sign of cicatricial pemphigoid?

PMID- 389274
TI  - Iron chelation therapy for iron loaded patients.

PMID- 389275
TI  - Myeloproliferative disorders terminating in acute micromegakaryoblastic
      leukaemia.
AB  - Two cases of myeloproliferative disorder--one of myelofibrosis with agnogenic
      myeloid metaplasia and one of chronic granulocytic leukaemia terminating in acute
      micromegakaryoblastic leukaemia--are presented. The clinical course is described,
      and results are reported of morphological, cytometric, cytochemical and
      cytogenetic studies, as well as cell culture of blood cells in soft agar and in
      fluid medium.

PMID- 389276
TI  - Aplastic anaemia: aetiological and therapeutic dilemmas.

PMID- 389277
TI  - The value of the standardized partial thromboplastin time in detecting heparin
      during low-dose prophylaxis.

PMID- 389278
TI  - Bacterial contamination of cotton as an indicator of respiratory effects among
      card room workers.
AB  - The influence of the bacterial contamination of cotton dust on the development of
      pulmonary symptoms has been investigated. The pulmonary function of card room
      workers in 23 US cotton mills was tested before and after the Monday working
      shift. A significant relation was found between the delta FEV1.0 decrement and
      the vertical elutriator dust level in the different mills. An improved
      correlation was obtained when the number of Gram-negative bacteria cultured from
      the bale cotton used in the different mills was employed in the exposure
      description. The results support earlier epidemiological and experimental
      studies, which demonstrate the importance of the Gram-negative bacteria in the
      development of pulmonary symptoms among workers in cotton mills.

PMID- 389280
TI  - Acute polyhydramnios--a complication of monozygous twin pregnancy.
AB  - Eight patients with acute polyhydramnios were encountered in 31 103 pregnancies,
      an incidence of 1 in 3888. All patients with acute polyhydramnios had monozygous
      twin pregnancies and 14 of the 16 infants were normal. The condition occurred in
      the second trimester and usually ended in premature delivery within a few days.
      The perinatal mortality was 100 per cent and accounted for 14.9 per cent of the
      perinatal mortality in twins.

PMID- 389279
TI  - Questions of supply and demand in dynamic psychotherapy.
AB  - Out-patient psychotherapy resources are severely limited in the face of a
      considerable mental health problem in the community. A review is made of the
      literature pertinent to the attempt to estimate the number of patients who
      receive, or might benefit from receiving, dynamic psychotherapy in the National
      Health Service. Among the many variables involved, problems of definition and the
      interests and opinions of general practitioners and hospital psychiatrists are
      prominent. Implications for the planning of psychotherapy training and service
      programmes are discussed.

PMID- 389281
TI  - An unusual organism causing orbital cellulitis.
AB  - Bacterial orbital cellulitis is a feared complication of paranasal sinus
      infection. Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species are the commoner pathogens
      involved in these cases. However, anaerobic bacteria and unusual Gram-negative
      organisms should be suspected as well. We treated a case of bacterial orbital
      cellulitis due to foci of infected paranasal sinuses caused by Eikenella
      corrodens, a Gram-negative rod. The patient was managed with intensive antibiotic
      coverage and surgical intervention.

PMID- 389283
TI  - Keratoconus, keratoplasty thickness, and endothelial morphology.
AB  - A group of successful keratonic grafts (51 eyes) up to 10 years from operation
      were examined to establish a relationship between graft thickness and acuity.
      Best acuity occurred in the grafts of normal corneal thickness. No grafts were
      thinner than normal; thus no tendency to keratonic thinning occurred. No
      relationship between age of graft and thickness was determined. Endothelial cell
      studies in vivo of a small number of grafts showed that cell counts a third of
      normal coexisted with normal acuity and corneal thickness.

PMID- 389284
TI  - An active proteolytic derivative of the alpha subunit of tryptophan synthase.
      Identification of the site of cleavage and characterization of the fragments.

PMID- 389282
TI  - Double-blind clinical trial of topical steroids in anterior uveitis.
AB  - We present the results of a double-blind trial comparing the efficacy of
      betamethasone phosphate 0.1%, clobetasone butyrate 0.1%, and placebo in the
      treatment of acute unilateral nongranulomatous uveitis. The 2 steroids were
      equally comparable in improvement of the patients' symptoms, though betamethasone
      phosphate was significantly more effective than clobetasone butyrate in improving
      the ocular signs of uveitis. However, clobetasone butyrate had significantly less
      effect on raising intraocular pressure in known steroid responders and ocular
      hypertensives than did dexamethasone. The use of a bolometer as an objective
      measure in uveitis was significant only in the more severe cases of uveitis. In
      comparing the placebo group of patients with those on topical steroids, the
      former group, though improving, appeared to lag behind by approximately one week.
      Four cases on placebo, however, had to be withdrawn because of worsening of the
      condition. Mild cases of anterior uveitis would probably resolve without using
      topical steroids.

PMID- 389285
TI  - Changes in surface charge density on liposomes induced by Escherichia coli
      endotoxin.
AB  - Changes in surface charge density of liposomes induced by E. coli endotoxin were
      studied by microelectrophoresis. Endotoxin altered the surface charge of
      phosphatidylcholine liposomes from neutral to negative. The negative charge of
      the endotoxin-phosphatidylcholine complex was neutralized electrostatically by
      binding with Ca2+ (2 mM). Phosphatidylcholine liposomes were made positive by
      addition of the positively charged detergent, hexadecyltrimethylammonium
      chloride. Endotoxin made the positively charged liposomes less charged. On the
      other hand, phosphatidylserine liposomes which were negatively charged became
      less charged in the presence of high concentration of endotoxin (8 mg/ml). The
      endotoxin effect on phosphatidylserine liposomes was abolished by EDTA (1 mM) but
      potentiated by CaCl2 (0.1--2 mM). These results indicate that endotoxin interacts
      with liposomes both hydrophobically and electrostatically.

PMID- 389286
TI  - A method for the synthesis of oligonucleotide by single addition of 2'-O-(o
      nitrobenzyl)nucleoside 5'-diphosphates using polynucleotide phosphorylase.
AB  - Two hexanucleotides A-U-G-U-G-A and C-A-A-U-U-G were synthesized from the
      chemically synthesized trimers C-A-A and A-U-G by addition of 2'-O-(o
      nitrobenzyl)nucleoside diphosphates using polynucleotide phosphorylase isolated
      from either Escherichia coli or Micrococcus luteus. In each reaction the
      preference of the enzyme was tested. The o-nitrobenzyl group was removed after
      addition of the mononucleotide and the deblocked product was isolated by
      chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex in high yields.

PMID- 389287
TI  - Steady-state kinetics and the inactivation by 2,3-butanedione of the energy
      independent transhydrogenase of Escherichia coli cell membranes.
AB  - Kinetic measurements indicate that the energy-independent transhydrogenation of 3
      acetylpyridine-NAD+ by NADPH in membranes of Escherichia coli follows a rapid
      equilibrium random bireactant mechanism. Each substrate, although reacting
      preferentially with its own binding site, is able to interact with the binding
      site of the other substrate to cause inhibition of enzyme activity. 5'-AMP (and
      ADP) and 2'-AMP interact with the NAD+- and NADP+-binding sites, respectively.
      Phenylglyoxal and 2,3-butanedione in borate buffer inhibit transhydrogenase
      activity presumably by reacting with arginyl residues. Protection against
      inhibition by 2,3-butanedione is afforded by NADP+, NAD+, and high concentrations
      of NADPH and NADH. Low concentrations of NADPH and NADH increase the rate of
      inhibition by 2,3-butanedione. Similar effects are observed for the inactivation
      of the transhydrogenase by tryptic digestion in the presence of these coenzymes.
      It is concluded that there are at least two conformations of the active site of
      the transhydrogenase which differ in the extent to which arginyl residues are
      accessible to exogenous agents such as trypsin and 2,3-butanedione. One
      conformation is induced by low concentrations of NADH and NADPH. Under these
      conditions the coenzymes could be reacting at the active site or at an allosteric
      site. The stimulation of transhydrogenase activity by low concentrations of the
      NADH is consistent with the latter possibility.

PMID- 389288
TI  - The functional identity of the active centres of transketolase.
AB  - Direct determination of the number of catalytically active molecules of the
      coenzyme in holotransketolase (sedoheptulose-7-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3
      phosphate glycoaldehydetransferase, EC 2.2.1.1) has corroborated our previous
      data indicating that in the native enzyme there are two active centres. They have
      been provided to be functionally identical. It has been shown that the decrease
      in the specific activity of transketolase during its storage is due to
      inactivation of one of the active centres, having a lower affinity for the
      coenzyme. The second active centre retains thereby its full catalytic activity.

PMID- 389289
TI  - Characterization of sterol-ester synthetase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Cell-free extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown under aerobic as well as
      semi-anaerobic conditions were found to catalyze the synthesis of fatty acid
      ester of sterol from cholesterol, fatty acid, ATP and CoA, or from cholesterol
      and fatty acyl-CoA. This result indicates that the enzyme involved in the
      formation of the ester is acyl-CoA:sterol O-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.26). The
      enzyme had a broad substrate specificity for sterols and acyl-CoAs. The enzyme
      levels in the cells grown under aerobic and semi-anaerobic conditions were almost
      equal. The enzyme was located in the microsomal fraction of the aerobically grown
      cells.

PMID- 389290
TI  - Prostaglandin thromboxane, and 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid
      production by ionophore-stimulated rat serosal mast cells.
AB  - Production of several metabolites of arachidonic acid by purified rat serosal
      mast cells in response to stimulation with the ionophore A23187 was assessed by
      stable isotope dilution assay using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
      Compounds quantified were prostaglandins D2, E2, F2 alpha, 6-keto-F1 alpha,
      thromboxane B2, and 12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid. Mast cells
      incubated at 37 degrees C for 30 min without ionophore produced measurable
      quantities of all metabolites assayed. 4 microM A23187 resulted in substantial
      increased synthesis of all metabolites compared to control cells. Of the
      metabolites quantified, prostaglandin D2 and prostacyclin were the major products
      derived from arachidonic acid in ionophore-stimulated rat mast cells.

PMID- 389291
TI  - Triaglycerol metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Relation to phospholipid
      synthesis.
AB  - The acylglycerol content of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been examined during
      cellular growth. The cells maintained a constant amount of phospholipid and
      diacylglycerol throughout growth. Triacylglycerol content fell in the early
      exponential phase of growth and then increased sharply upon entry of the culture
      into the stationary growth phase. Pulse-chase experiments with [1-14C]oleic acid
      and [2-3H]- and [1-14C]glycerol indicated that the triacylglycerol molecule was
      utilized for phospholipid synthesis in early exponential phase probably through a
      diacylglycerol intermediate. A substantial turnover of phospholipid during growth
      was also apparent. No role for the triacylglycerol could be found in regulating
      the fatty acid species of the phospholipid nor in the storage of fatty acid for
      energy metabolism.

PMID- 389292
TI  - Factors affecting the electrophoretic mobility of the major outer membrane
      proteins of Escherichia coli in polyacrylamide gels.
AB  - The outer membrane proteins of Escherichia coli can be resolved by polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis in the presence of anionic detergents. Factors such as the
      choice of detergent and buffer system and the presence of urea in the separation
      gel are all shown to affect the charge and/or the configuration of the detergent
      protein complexes and will affect the relative migration of these complexes to
      different extents. The procedures described in this paper may be of use in the
      determination of the relatedness of the proteins from the same or different
      strains. In addition, detailed examinations of the effects of these different
      parameters and the effect of changes in acrylamide concentrations may be useful
      in the detection of unusual characteristics which may indicate the presence of
      posttranslational modification.

PMID- 389293
TI  - 9-Aminoacridine- and tetraethylammonium-induced reduction of the potassium
      permeability in pancreatic B-cells. Effects on insulin release and electrical
      properties.
AB  - The effects of 9-aminoacridine and tetraethylammonium on insulin release and
      rubidium efflux from perifused rat islets were investigated and correlated with
      their effects on the electrical properties of mouse B cells studied with
      microelectrode techniques. 9-Aminoacridine (0.05--1 mmol/l) and
      tetraethylammonium (2--40 mmol/l) produced a dose-dependent, reversible
      potentiation of glucose-stimulated insulin release. This effect was rapid,
      affected both phases of secretion and was maximum in the presence of 6 mmol/l
      glucose, but no longer significant at 20 mmol/l glucose. It was unaltered by
      atropine or propanolol, and abolished by mannoheptulose or omission of
      extracellular calcium. 9-Aminoacridine, but not tetraethylammonium, also induced
      insulin release in the absence of glucose stimulation. Neither drug modified
      glucose metabolism in islet cells and only 9-aminoacridine increased 45Ca2+
      uptake. In the presence of 0, 3 or 6 mmol/l glucose, but no longer at 20 mmol/l
      glucose, 9-aminoacridine and tetraethylammonium reduced the rate of 86Rb+ efflux
      from the islets. Both drugs also slightly reduced 86Rb+ uptake by islet cells. In
      the presence of 11 mmol/l glucose, 9-aminoacridine reduced the amplitude and the
      duration of the polarization phases between the bursts of electrical activity;
      concomitantly these periods of spike activity were markedly prolonged. At lower
      glucose concentrations (3 or 7 mmol/l), 9-aminoacridine progressively depolarized
      B cells and induced electrical activity in otherwise silent cells.
      Tetraethylammonium also suppressed the repolarization phases between the bursts
      of spikes in the presence of a stimulating concentration of glucose. At low
      glucose, tetraethylammonium produced only a limited and not maintained
      depolarization. These results show that a reduction of the potassium permeability
      in pancreatic B cells potentiates the insulin-releasing effect of glucose and may
      even stimulate secretion. They also suggest that the initial depolarizing effect
      of glucose is due to a reduction of the potassium permeability, whereas the
      repolarization at the end of each burst of electrical activity is mediated, at
      least in part, by an increase in the potassium permeability of B cells.

PMID- 389294
TI  - Studies on the role of beta-cell metabolism in the insulinotropic effect of alpha
      ketoisocaproic acid.
AB  - alpha-Ketoisocaproic acid has been shown to be a potent insulin secretagogue but
      the mechanism has not been elucidated. To define the role of beta-cell metabolism
      in the insulinotropic activity of alpha-ketoisocaproic acid the utilization of
      glucose and the oxidation of alpha-ketoisocaproic and isovaleric acid by
      incubated islets of obese hyperglycemic mice were measured. Glucose metabolism
      was never enhanced by alpha-ketoisocaproic acid. The same 14CO2 amounts were
      released from the non-secretagogue [1-14C]isovaleric acid (10 mM) or from alpha
      keto[2-14C]isocaproic acid (5--20 mM). Pyruvate (20 mM) did not inhibit alpha
      ketoisocaproic acid-induced insulin secretion in spite of reduction of
      decarboxylation of alpha-ketoisocaproic acid by more than 40%. The results
      indicate that stimulated insulin release in response to alpha-ketoisocaproic acid
      is not mediated by an indirect increase in glucose metabolism and further suggest
      that isovaleryl-CoA and following CoA-esters in alpha-ketoisocaproic acid
      degradation are not likely recognized as signals. The possibility, however,
      remains that enhanced intramitochondrial production of reducing equivalents
      elicits insulin secretion.

PMID- 389295
TI  - [Kinetics of the aspartate-aminotransferase reaction catalyzed by free and
      immobilized cells of E. coli].
AB  - The kinetics of the aspartate-aminotransferase reaction were studied, using free
      and immobilized cells of E. coli, strain 85 as an enzyme source. It was shown
      that the reaction is limited by mass transport of the reagents through the
      bacterial cell membrane even at high concentrations of the substrates in the
      surrounding solution. The polyacrylamide gel-incorporated cells of E. coli,
      strain 85 catalyze the aspartate-aminotransferase reaction more effectively as
      compared to free or destroyed cells. In the latter case the reaction is
      characterized by the following kinetic parameters: the effective values of the
      stationary rate of the product accumulation and its stationary efflux from the
      cell are equal to (15,37 +/- 0.4) . 10(-6) mole/s/mg of protein and (3,01 +/-
      0,8) . 10(-20) mole/s per 1 cell. respectively. The steady-state constant for
      glutamate synthesis from aspartic acid is equal to 0,22--0,23.

PMID- 389296
TI  - [Histones from Trypanosoma lewisi nuclei].
AB  - A preparation of total histones has been isolated for the first time from the
      purified fractions of T. lewisi cell nuclei and characterized in terms of its
      chemical composition and RNA-polymerase activity. A special attention during the
      isolation procedure was given to the repression of proteolytic degradation of the
      histones. The amount of protein in the chromatin is equivalent to that of DNA.
      The amino acid composition and heterogeneity of the protein during polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis in an acid system and in the presence of sodium dodecyl
      sulfate are typical for histones. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis,
      differential staining of electrophoregrams and ion-exchange chromatography on CM
      cellulose the total preparation has been found to be made up of five fractions:
      two -- arginine-rich (one of them identical to histone H4, the other being
      similar to histone H3 from calf thymus); two -- moderately lysine-rich fractions,
      slightly differing in their properties from histones H2A and H2B from calf
      thymus, and one specific fraction with mol. weight of 16 000 and an extremely
      high positive charge. The above methods in combination with specific extraction
      have been used to demonstrate the absence of a typical lysine histone in the
      preparation, which is correlated with the absence of typical methaphase
      chromosomes during mitosis in T. lewisi.

PMID- 389297
TI  - [Synthesis of beta, beta'-subunits of RNA-polymerase in E. coli cells starved for
      an essential amino acid].
AB  - The differential rate of RNA-polymerase beta,beta'-subunits synthesis in E. coli
      rel+ and rel- cells starved for an essential amino acid, i. e. leucine, is
      decreased. Inhibition of the rpo BC genes expression proceeds faster in the rel A
      strain. Guanosine tetraphosphate within the concentration range of 0,2--0,6 mM
      specifically inhibits lambda drifd18 DNA directed beta,beta'-subunits synthesis
      in vitro. rpo BC genes are believed to be subject to a weak "stringent control".

PMID- 389299
TI  - [Isolation of ribosomes with intact rRNA from yeasts].
AB  - A simple procedure for isolation of yeast ribosomes with intact rRNA has been
      developed. Ribosomal rRNA is not degraded after incubation in buffers used for
      study of protein biosynthesis, for ribosomal disassembly and for their storage.

PMID- 389298
TI  - [Conformational rearrangements of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme during its binding to
      the inhibitor].
AB  - The structural changes of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme during its binding to the
      inhibitor, i. e. disaccharide-tetrapeptide N-acetylglucosaminyl-N-acetylmuraminyl
      - L - alanyl-gamma-D-glutaminyl - mesodiaminopimelyl-D-alanine) isolated from
      Escherichia coli cell wall have been studied. During the inhibitor binding to the
      protein the degree of helicity decreases by approximately 14% as was shown using
      the circular dichroism technique. The changes in optical properties of
      tryptophane, tyrosine and phenylalanine residues detected by UV difference and
      fluorescence spectroscopy have been observed. Based on the experimental data and
      a comparison of spatial organization of phage T4 lysozyme and chicken egg-white
      lysozyme made it possible to develop a structural model of phage T4 lysozyme
      functioning. This model may account for the differences in specificity of action
      of bacteriophage T4 and chicken egg-white lysozymes and allows to establish the
      role of the "extra" part of phage lysozyme. According to the model, at the first
      stage of binding the peptide part of the substrate comes in contact with the
      "upper" (with respect to the cleft) part of the protein molecule (residues 106-
      116 and 135--140). This results in rearrangement of the molecule, with opening of
      the cleft at the second stage. This makes possible the access of the
      polysaccharide part of the substrate of the active site and a subsequent
      hydrolysis of the beta (1 leads to 4) glycoside bond.

PMID- 389300
TI  - [Action of Mycoplasma arthritidis and Acholeplasma laidlawii on the immunological
      reactivity of BALB/C mice infected with the Rauscher leukemia virus].

PMID- 389301
TI  - [Evolutionary patterns of reductive morphogenesis].

PMID- 389302
TI  - Nuclear glycoconjugates and their relation to malignancy.

PMID- 389304
TI  - Adaptation, constraint, and compromise in avian postnatal development.

PMID- 389303
TI  - Pigment transactions between animals and plants.

PMID- 389305
TI  - Genetic studies of nitrate assimilation in Aspergillus nidulans.

PMID- 389306
TI  - International nomenclature of constitutional diseases of bone with bibliography.

PMID- 389307
TI  - Congenital malformations in deaths of infants one year of age and under: computer
      analysis of the cases on file at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.

PMID- 389308
TI  - Red cell interactions in macromolecular suspension.

PMID- 389309
TI  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase as a hematopoietic cell marker.
AB  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is an intracellular protein
      characteristic of certain primitive lymphocytes in normal thymus and bone marrow.
      It can be detected by enzyme assay or immunocytochemical staining. High levels of
      enzyme and increased numbers of TdT+ cells are found in some lymphoblastic
      leukemias and lymphomas. Analysis for TdT thus provides a useful adjunct in the
      differential diagnosis of leukemia.

PMID- 389310
TI  - Leukemia-associated antigens in ALL.
AB  - A cytotoxic common ALL antiserum (CALLA) specific for leukemic cells of most
      patients with non-T-cel- acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and of some patients
      with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in blast crisis has been reproducibly
      prepared using cell lines for absorption. CALLA reacts with leukemic cells of 110
      of 134 patients (82%) with non-T-cell ALL; 1 of 71 (1%) patients with acute
      myelogenous leukemia (AML); 2 of 7 patients (29%) with chronic myelogenous
      leukemia in blast crisis; 7 of 92 patients (8%) with other hematologic
      malignancies; and with the leukemic cell lines Laz 221 and NALM-1. It does not
      react with the normal hematopoietic cells, B- or T-cell lines, or cells from 26
      patients with T-cell ALL that were tested. CALLA reactivity and periodic acid
      Schiff (PAS) staining correlate poorly, with CALLA reacting with cells from 86%
      (64 of 74) of patients with PAS-positive and 76% (29 of 38) of those with PAS
      negative non-T-cell ALL. In these patients, CALLA reacts with cells from 89% of
      those under age 12 (78 of 88); 74% of those aged 12--20 (20 of 27); and 58% of
      those over 20 (11 of 19). Using only CALLA and antisera specific for Ia-like and
      T-cell antigens, we can now distinguish most cases of ALL from AML and other
      hematologic malignancies.

PMID- 389312
TI  - Fetal hemoglobin in mixed hemopoietic colonies (CFU-GEMM), erythroid bursts (BFU
      E) and erythroid colonies (CFU-E): assessment by radioimmune assay and
      immunofluorescence.

PMID- 389311
TI  - The use and limitation of labeled staphylococcal protein A for study of
      antineutrophil antibodies.
AB  - Antineutrophil antibodies can be detected following their attachment to
      neutrophils by employing labeled staphylococcal protein A (SPA). Radiolabeled SPA
      provides a sensitive means for identifying the presence of IgG restricted to
      subclasses IgG1, IgG2, and IgG4 that will specifically bind to neutrophils and
      that are found in the serum of patients with isoimmune and autoimmune
      neutropenia. However, SPA bound to the Fc region of IgG does not interfere with
      the attachment of IgG to the Fc domain of the neutrophil. Fluorescein-labeled
      SPA, in turn is useful in monitoring the functional consequences of antibody
      attachment to the surface of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). Both
      heterologous and isoimmune antisera induced lateral movement of surface antigens
      into polar-capped pseudopodia. The formation of such pseudopodia may facilitate
      leukoagglutination and the subsequent removal of sensitized cells from the
      circulation.

PMID- 389313
TI  - Evidence for the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II by the coronary
      microcirculation.
AB  - Cardiac tissue from hamster neonates was transplanted into the hamster cheek
      pouch. After vascularization of the transplanted tissue the vessels were tested
      for their ability to convert angiotensin I (AI) to angiotensin II (AII). AI
      caused vasoconstriction of the coronary vessels which was reduced significantly
      by converting enzyme inhibitor and the AII antagonist (Sar1-Ala8) angiotensin II.
      It was concluded that the vessels of transplanted cardiac allografts convert AI
      to AII in a manner similar to that observed in the whole heart indicating that
      this procedure provides a good model for studying the microcirculation of the
      heart.

PMID- 389314
TI  - In memoriam Peter Browning Hoffman (1937-1979).

PMID- 389315
TI  - [Remarks on the work of Ernst Mayr: "Lamarck Revisited"].

PMID- 389317
TI  - New York neurologists and the specialization of American medicine.

PMID- 389316
TI  - The FDA's regulation and control of antibiotics in the 1950s: the Henry Welch
      scandal, Felix Marti-Ibanez, and Charles Pfizer & Co.

PMID- 389318
TI  - Disease prevention in America: from a local to a national outlook, 1880-1910.

PMID- 389319
TI  - Dr. Veit--charlatan or martyr to obstetrics?

PMID- 389320
TI  - The Osler Medal Essay: height, weight, and health: anthropometric study of human
      growth in nineteenth-century American medicine.

PMID- 389321
TI  - The rise and fall of Battey's operation: a fashion in surgery.

PMID- 389322
TI  - Galen: physician as philosopher; Maimonides: philosopher as physician.

PMID- 389323
TI  - Hospitals and pediatrics, 1776-1976.

PMID- 389324
TI  - [Nitrate reduction in human saliva. (4) Reciprocal action of oral microorganisms
      on nitrate reduction by Veillonella in vitro (author's transl)].

PMID- 389325
TI  - Pathophysiology of acute mountain sickness and high altitude pulmonary oedema: an
      hypothesis.
AB  - We review the evidence that acute mountain sickness (AMS) and high altitude
      pulmonary oedema (HAPO) occur together more often than is realized. We
      hypothesize that AMS and HAPO have a common pathophysiological basis: both are
      due to increased pressure and flow in the microcirculation, causing oedema in the
      brain and oedema in the lungs.

PMID- 389326
TI  - Expanding views on angina pectoris.

PMID- 389327
TI  - Andre Cournand.

PMID- 389328
TI  - Submarine escape breathing air. A review and analysis of animal and human
      experiments by the Royal Navy.
AB  - The contribution of the Royal Navy to the development of modern submarine escape
      by free ascent, breathing air, from 1945 to the present time, is described. Much
      of the work is unpublished. Experiments in which goats were exposed to simulated
      escape pressure profiles while breathing air from 90 m to 300 m are described.
      The gradual testing of human subjects during such escape profiles is also
      reported up to real escapes by subjects from submarines lying at 180 m. Thus
      escapes are now feasible from almost anywhere on the continental shelf. Possible
      techniques of even deeper escape, i.e. hyperoxygenated air breathing, oxygen
      breathing, propulsion + retropulsion of the escaper, drogues + pressure retaining
      (2 atm abs) escape suits are briefly considered. The figures illustrate the Royal
      Navy series of animal and human, simulated and real escapes. Table I gives full
      details on human testing. Tables containing details of all goat exposures can be
      obtained from author.

PMID- 389329
TI  - Diagnostic and prognostic value of intracardiac electrophysiological studies. Ten
      years of experience.
AB  - Ten years ago a clinical method of recording the electrical activity of the His
      bundle in man with transvenously inserted electrodes was described. His bundle
      recording has permitted the breakdown of the P-R interval into three conduction
      intervals, i.e., intraatrial (P-A), A-V nodal (A-H), and His-Purkinje system (H
      V). His bundle studies have demonstrated our inability to accurately predict from
      the surface electrocardiogram the exact location of most A-V blocks. First- and
      second-degree A-V block can occur in the atrium, A-V node or His-Purkinje system,
      and third-degree A-V block in the A-V node or His-Purkinje system. However,
      Mobitz type II block almost always occurs below the A-V node. Intraventricular
      conduction defects, especially of the so-called bifascicular block, have a high
      incidence of H-V time prolongation, indicating additional disease of the third
      fascicle or the main His bundle. The prognostic value of a prolonged H-V time in
      patients with and without chronic conduction defects remains controversial, with
      some agreement that patients with unexplained syncope or dizziness, normal sinus
      rhythm and 1:1 conduction, who show prolonged H-V times, should probably be paced
      permanently. No long-term studies exist regarding the value of the H-V time in
      predicting death or A-V block in patients with conduction defects secondary to
      acute myocardial infarction, congenital heart disease or after cardiac surgery.
      Electrophysiological studies have been extremely useful in the diagnosis and
      management of patients with accessory pathways and in the evaluation of
      ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias. The most valuable test in
      diagnosing sinus node dysfunction is the sinus node recovery time. A clearly
      abnormal test in a patient with unexplained syncope or dizziness predicts an
      almost one hundred per cent relief of symptoms with permanent pacing.

PMID- 389330
TI  - Pulmonary hypertension, "plexogenic pulmonary arteriopathy" and the appetite
      depressant drug aminorex: post or propter?
AB  - An epidemic of chronic pulmonary hypertension of vascular origin (CPHVO) has
      occurred in Austria, the Federal Republic of Germany, and Switzerland. The
      epidemic started in 1967 and reached its peak in 1968 and 1969. Since 1972, the
      prevalence of patients with CPHVO among individuals investigated by cardiac
      catheterization is again as low as in the pre-epidemic years. In Bern the
      prevalence of CPHVO during the peak of the epidemic was 20 times higher than
      during the 12-year period preceding the epidemic. The clinical, physical,
      electrocardiographic, radiologic, haemodynamic and respiratory findings of the
      patients observed in Bern (n = 102) are summarized. There has been a mortality
      between 12 and 20% at the time of the epidemic. Most patients observed for the
      first time during the epidemic have remained severely disabled over the years. A
      minute fraction seems to have recovered. There is a close geographic as well as
      temporal relation of the epidemic to the marketing and intake of the appetite
      depressing drug aminorex fumarate (Menocil). Acute administration of aminorex
      leads to a transient rise of the pulmonary artery pressure and vascular
      resistance in a number of animal species. It has not been possible to produce
      sustained precapillary pulmonary hypertension and chronic cor pulmonale vasculare
      under the conditions of chronic administration of the drug in the species tested.
      Morphologic examination of lung biopsy and autopsy material of patients who have
      died from CPHVO after the intake of aminorex reveals the presence of "plexogenic
      pulmonary arteriopathy". The vascular lesions are identical with those observed
      in pulmonary hypertension due to large congenital left-to-right shunts. In
      balancing the pros and cons, it appears that the arguments in favour of a cause
      effect relationship between aminorex and pulmonary hypertension, which are
      derived from epidemiological evidence, outweigh the results of "negative" animal
      experiments. A "propter" in the title of this paper, therefore, seems to be more
      appropriate than a post".

PMID- 389331
TI  - The respiratory muscles in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

PMID- 389332
TI  - Morphometry of the human lung: the state of the art after two decades.
AB  - This paper reviews the development of the methods for estimating morphometric
      parameters describing the human lung. The original work was done by light
      microscopy, but physiologically relevant data depend on studying the delicate
      structure of alveoli and capillaries by electron microscopy. Methodological
      improvements of recent years permitted this approach. This yielded estimates of
      alveolar surface which are by 80% larger than the original data; the reasons are
      explained by the gain in resolution. On the basis of these data, and by
      accounting for additional experimental information on the functional availability
      of gas exchanging surfaces, estimates of pulmonary diffusing capacity (DL) in the
      range of 90--190 ml O2 . min-1 . mmHg-1 are obtained, which compare reasonably
      well with physiological estimates of DL obtained under conditions of work.

PMID- 389333
TI  - Prescribing in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 389334
TI  - The psychiatric assessment of homicide.

PMID- 389335
TI  - The epidemiology of anencephaly and spina bifida in Izmir, Turkey, in the light
      of recent aetiological theories.

PMID- 389336
TI  - A clinical trial of a new low osmolality contrast medium. Sodium and meglumine
      ioxaglate (Hexabrix) compared with meglumine iothalamate (Conray) for carotid
      arteriography.
AB  - The discomfort of cerebral arteriography is due mainly to the osmolality of the
      contrast medium injection. A new low osmolality contrast medium--Hexabrix (32%
      iodine)--sodium and meglumine salts of ioxaglic acid was compared with Conray 280
      (28% iodine)--meglumine iothalamate for carotid arteriography in 33 conscious
      patients. 30 patients preferred the ioxaglate solution which caused significantly
      less sensation of heat. Three patients could not distinguish between the two
      media. No patient preferred iothalamate. Ioxaglic acid is a newly synthesized
      mono-acid dimer. Its salts produce the same osmolality as non-ionics (e.g.
      metrizamide), and one third of the osmolality of currently used mono-valent salts
      (e.g. meglumine iothalamate) in solutions of the same iodine content. Low
      osmolality contrast media have significant clinical advantages and will probably
      become the media of choice for arteriography and venography.

PMID- 389337
TI  - Intramural bleeding into a renal allograft pelvis during heparin anticoagulation.

PMID- 389339
TI  - Transplant Olympics.

PMID- 389338
TI  - A comparative randomized trial of heparin versus streptokinase in the treatment
      of acute proximal venous thrombosis: an interim report of a prospective trial.
AB  - A controlled, prospective study comparing streptokinase and heparin treatment has
      been completed in 51 patients presenting with acute proximal venous thrombosis of
      less than 8 days' clinical duration. Patients were studied by means of pre
      treatment, post-treatment, 3- and 12-monthly phlebography and pulmonary perfusion
      scanning and were followed up at 3-monthly intervals. Of the 26 patients
      randomized to receive streptokinase, therapy was stopped in 3 because of
      complications. Phlebography 5 days after starting treatment showed 80--100 per
      cent lysis in 17 of the 23 patients who completed the course of streptokinase.
      Two patients later developed partial rethrombosis. One patient developed an
      asymptomatic pulmonary embolus during treatment. During follow-up (mean 19
      months) only 1 of the 17 patients with 80--100 per cent lysis developed
      postphlebitic symptoms, 3 patients died of unrelated causes and 1 patient was
      lost to follow-up. In patients randomized to heparin therapy no significant lysis
      was achieved in any of the 25 patients and only 2 of these patients were found to
      have asymptomatic legs on follow-up. Two patients in this group died and autopsy
      confirmed massive pulmonary embolus during treatment. These data suggest that
      streptokinase is superior to heparin in the treatment of acute proximal venous
      thrombosis of less than 1 week's clinical duration especially if the thrombus is
      largely non-occlusive. It must be stressed that in order to avoid the bleeding
      complications of thrombolytic therapy, streptokinase must not be used within 10
      days of major surgery, or even longer after vascular, neurosurgical or eye
      operations.

PMID- 389340
TI  - Kidney transplants and long-term immunosuppression.

PMID- 389341
TI  - L.P. Garrod.

PMID- 389342
TI  - Shigella dysenteriae, Sh flexneri, and Sh boydii infections in England and Wales:
      the importance of foreign travel.

PMID- 389343
TI  - Chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria in a Bangladeshi girl with acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia.

PMID- 389344
TI  - Treating irritable bowel syndrome with peppermint oil.

PMID- 389345
TI  - Vitamin B12: an area of darkness.

PMID- 389346
TI  - Prospective trials of minor surgical procedures and high-fibre diet for
      haemorrhoids.
AB  - Two hundred and sixteen consecutive patients seen for the first time with
      symptomatic haemorrhoids entered trials of conservative and minor surgical
      treatment. They were divided into two groups according to their pretreatment
      maximal anal pressure. Patients with pressures of 100 cm H2O (73.7 mm Hg) or more
      (108 patients) were treated by anal dilatation (37), sphincterotomy (34), or high
      fibre diet (37). Four and 12 months later anal dilatation had produced
      significantly better results than sphincterotomy or diet. Furthermore, anal
      dilatation was the only treatment associated with a significant reduction in anal
      pressure at four and 12 months. Patients with pressures under 100 cm H2O (108
      patients) were treated by rubber-band ligation (35), cryosurgery (36), or diet
      (37). Four and 12 months later significantly more patients were improved by
      rubber-band ligation than by cryosurgery or diet. These results suggest that
      haemorrhoids in patients with excessive activity of the internal anal sphincter
      are best treated by anal dilatation and that in all other patients rubber-band
      ligation is the treatment of choice.

PMID- 389347
TI  - Eclampsia in a patient who had had a renal transplant.

PMID- 389348
TI  - In and out of medicine: Poet in the profession.

PMID- 389349
TI  - A great therapeutic age.

PMID- 389350
TI  - Cultivation of Treponema pallidum in subcutaneous chambers implanted in golden
      hamsters.
AB  - Treponema pallidum was successfully grown in subcutaneous chambers in golden
      hamsters. Abnormally long forms of T. pallidum were found in these chambers. The
      cause of this abnormality may possibly be due to their being coated with antibody
      which could inhibit cell division or render the organism avirulent or both. T.
      pallidum was successfully passaged between hamsters but with a possible
      diminution in virulence.

PMID- 389351
TI  - Double-blind trial of amoxycillin and ampicillin plus probenecid in the treatment
      of gonorrhoea in men.
AB  - In a double-blind study amoxycillin 3 g or ampicillin 3 g plus probenecid 1 g
      were randomly administered as a single oral dose to 160 men with uncomplicated
      gonococcal urethritis. The cure rate for each drug group was 98.6%. Tolerance to
      oral medication was good and no evidence of allergy or toxicity to either drug
      was shown. No case of post-gonococcal urethritis was observed over a 14-day
      follow-up period. Thus, both drug regimens proved very effective in treating
      uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis in men.

PMID- 389352
TI  - Double-blind comparison of a single dose and a five-day course of metronidazole
      in the treatment of trichomoniasis.
AB  - Although there have been reports of the results of treating trichomoniasis with
      metronidazole 2 g in a single dose, no randomised double-blind comparison of this
      treatment with a multiple-dose regimen has been reported. In such a comparison,
      96 women were treated with metronidazole 2 g in a single dose and 96 women with
      metronidazole 400 mg twice daily for five days. Forty-eight of 52 women followed
      for 14 days after the single dose were cured, as were 61 of 66 women followed for
      14 days after the start of the five-day regimen. These results compare favourably
      with previous reports. Side effects were trivial, and we recommend the single 2-g
      dose, for it is effective, economical, and can be given under supervision in the
      clinic.

PMID- 389353
TI  - Epidemiological investigation of patients with vulvovaginal candidosis.
      Application of a resistogram method for strain differentiation of Candida
      albicans.
AB  - The resistogram method was applied to 420 isolates of Candida albicans obtained
      from 30 selected patients undergoing treatment for vulvovaginitis. Of these, 16
      patients each harboured a particular strain of C. albicans which persisted in the
      mouth or intestinal tract or both. In three of these patients, this strain
      persisted in the genital tract, and, in eight patients, it later recolonised the
      genital tract. Fourteen patients harboured more than one strain of C. albicans:
      one failed to respond to treatment and continued to harbour the same strain in
      the genital tract; in five the original strain later recolonised the genital
      tract and a second strain remained confined to the mouth or intestinal tract or
      both; and in three a second strain, present in the intestinal tract, later
      colonised the genital tract. Each of the male partners of seven patients
      harboured a strain of C. albicans that was identical to the strain, or to one of
      the strains, that had been isolated from his female partner.

PMID- 389355
TI  - Preparation of T. pallidum extracts from infected rabbit testes.

PMID- 389356
TI  - [New possibilities in immunohistologic diagnosis of transplantation reaction
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 389357
TI  - [Dr. Josef Kukura on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 389354
TI  - Effect of simultaneous oral and vaginal treatment on the rate of cure and relapse
      in vaginal candidosis.
AB  - One hundred patients with vulvovaginal candidosis were entered in a double-blind
      trial to compare the effect of six days' local treatment with clotrimazole with
      that of the same treatment plus 10 days' oral treatment with nystatin. No
      significant differences were detected in the rate of cure or relapse between the
      treatment groups. The cure rate was lowest and the relapse rate highest in
      patients in whom vaginal candidosis had last been diagnosed during the preceding
      12 months.

PMID- 389358
TI  - [The Slovak national uprising and a new approach to organizing the professional
      associational life of physicians (author's transl)].

PMID- 389360
TI  - [Dr. Daniel Bartko, on his 50th birthday].

PMID- 389359
TI  - [Present possibilities of stereotactic treatment of infantile cerebral palsy
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 389362
TI  - [Value of LAI test in immunodiagnosis of gynecologic tumors (author's transl)].

PMID- 389361
TI  - [Dr. Svetozar Stefanik - 80 years old].

PMID- 389363
TI  - [Dr. Pavel Handzo - 60 years old].

PMID- 389365
TI  - [Macrophages and the immune reactions of an organism].

PMID- 389364
TI  - [Dr. Michal Valent - 50 years old].

PMID- 389366
TI  - [Dr. Vladimir Vrsansky - 65 years old].

PMID- 389367
TI  - Richard Bright's Reports of Medical Cases (1827): a sesquicentennial note.

PMID- 389368
TI  - A trial of isolating a tumor-like form of pulmonary cavities infected with
      aspergilli. II. Intra- and postoperative, morphologic and serologic data.
AB  - In ten specimens of resected pulmonary tissue, a little known and underscribed
      form of aspergillosis called tumor-like blocked pulmonary cavity with liquid
      content infected with aspergilli was observed. This designation was based on the
      finding in the specimens of tumor-like cavitary structures with blocked bronchus
      and contents from which abundant growth of aspergillus fumigatus was invariably
      obtained in cultures. Nine of the ten specimens were bronchiectasis, and one was
      a bronchogenic cyst. The scant literature was review, emphasizing features
      characteristic of this form of mycetoma and differences from the typical and
      frequently encountered form of ordinary pulmonary aspergilloma. The serologic
      response and its long duration were attributed to biological properties of
      aspergilli in this form caused by inaccessibility of oxygen and by occlusion of
      the bronchial lumen.

PMID- 389369
TI  - [Classification, hierarchy and indications for immunological investigations in
      the diagnosis of pneumologic diseases].

PMID- 389370
TI  - Immunological tests in diagnosis and follow-up of alveolitis.

PMID- 389372
TI  - Immunology in pneumological practice.

PMID- 389371
TI  - [Deficiency of current immunologic methods in a case of farmer's lung: value of
      electron microscopy].

PMID- 389373
TI  - [Functional pulmonary impact of continuous positive pressure ventilation].

PMID- 389374
TI  - [The use of continuous positive pressure in patients with bronchospastic crises].

PMID- 389375
TI  - [Effects of positive and expiratory pressure with and without vasoplegia].

PMID- 389376
TI  - [Autoimmunity and bronchopulmonary pathology].

PMID- 389377
TI  - [Immunological methods used for the diagnosis of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency].

PMID- 389379
TI  - The Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Medal (Dr. Leon Longtin).

PMID- 389378
TI  - A proximal system for positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and continuous
      positive airway pressure (CPAP).
AB  - A proximal positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and continuous positive airway
      pressure (CPAP) system was constructed by the simple addition of a venturi T
      piece proximal to the exhalation limb of a breathing circuit. The level of PEEP
      or CPAP was determined by the amount of flow powering the venturi. This system
      can provide positive pressure in excess of 40 cm H2O without the need for check
      valves, dump valves or additional nebuliers and flowmeters.

PMID- 389380
TI  - National Cancer Institute of Canada. Active in research.

PMID- 389381
TI  - Diagnostic laboratory tests for dentists.

PMID- 389382
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the dermal-epidermal interface in chemical
      carcinogenesis.

PMID- 389383
TI  - Ontario threatens quality dental care.

PMID- 389384
TI  - Forensic dentistry comes of age.

PMID- 389385
TI  - "Toothache" game criticized.

PMID- 389386
TI  - Forensic odontology.

PMID- 389387
TI  - Child abuse and the dentist.

PMID- 389388
TI  - Malpractice suits.

PMID- 389389
TI  - Periodontal support for dental implants.

PMID- 389390
TI  - Year of the child.

PMID- 389391
TI  - Dangers of "laughing gas" outlined by ADA.

PMID- 389393
TI  - Tax proposal objections.

PMID- 389392
TI  - CPHA releases fluoride report.

PMID- 389394
TI  - Refugees will be screened for hepatitis B virus.

PMID- 389395
TI  - The concept of oral health status.

PMID- 389397
TI  - Etiology of periodontal disease.

PMID- 389396
TI  - Oral health status of children, an international perspective.

PMID- 389398
TI  - Etiology and treatment need of malocclusion.

PMID- 389399
TI  - The biosynthesis of catalase.

PMID- 389400
TI  - Contagious equine metritis: a review.
AB  - Contagious equine metritis is a highly contagious genital infection of mares,
      spread venereally, and was first described in 1977. Although most contagious
      equine metritis outbreaks involved Thoroughbreds, infection in other breeds has
      also occurred. The disease has been reported in Europe, Australia and the United
      States. In Canada, contagious equine metritis has been designated a reportable
      disease under the Animal Disease and Protection Act. Contagious equine metritis
      is characterized by an endometritis and infertility and infected mares show no
      signs of systemic infection. Clinical signs have not been observed in stallions.
      An asymptomatic carrier state exists in both mares and stallions.Infected mares
      respond clinically to the topical and parenteral administration of antibacterial
      drugs. However, a proportion of mares remain carriers of the contagious equine
      metritis organism. Treatment of stallions is successful. Haemophilus
      equigenitalis has been proposed as the species name of the Gram-negative,
      microaerophilic coccobacillus. Sample collection and laboratory methods for the
      diagnosis of contagious equine metritis are described.

PMID- 389401
TI  - Inhibitory effects of a new oral gold compound on HeLa cells.
AB  - Auranofin (AF), a recently introduced oral antirheumatic coordinated gold
      compound, was investigated for its antitumor potential. Due to certain
      similarities with the antitumor-coordinated compound, cis
      Diamminedichloroplatinum II, we studied the effects of AF on cell proliferation.
      These studies included assessing DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis as measured by
      incorporation of 3H-thymidine, 3H-uridine, and 3H-leucine, respectively, into
      HeLa cells. AF was shown to exert a dose-dependent inhibition on DNA synthesis
      and to inhibit 3H-thymidine uptake more rapidly and persistently than 3H-uridine
      or 3H-leucine uptake at a gold concentration of 75--100 micrograms/dl. These
      three parameters were inhibited with a 24-hour exposure to 100 micrograms/dl. The
      inhibition of 3H-thymidine uptake in HeLa pretreated for 6 hours with 50 or 100
      micrograms/dl of gold was found to be irreversible. No change in tracer uptake
      was observed in the acid-soluble pool or in the uptake of 3H-2-deoxy-D-glucose in
      these cells. Furthermore, HeLa cells demonstrated marked reductions in viability
      and oxygen uptake after exposure to AF. Dose-dependent surface morphological
      changes, e.g., blebbing, pitting, were noted in these cells after a brief
      treatment period. These results suggest this coordinated gold compount exerts a
      significant inhibitory effect on essential biological processes and functions.

PMID- 389402
TI  - Refractory anemia with excess of blast cells: prognostic factors and effect of
      treatment with androgens or cytosine arabinoside. Results of a prospective trial
      in 58 patients. Cooperative Group for the Study of Aplastic and Refractory
      Anemias.
AB  - The results of a prospective study of 58 patients with refractory anemia and
      partial blastic infiltration of the bone marrow lead to the following
      conclusions. The median survival (12 months from diagnosis) is shorter and the
      rate of acute leukemia as cause of death (60%) higher than in other retrospective
      series. This group of patients, however, appears to be a "continuum" of
      preleukemic states with more or less rapid evolution, so that the exclusion of
      the most severe cases appears unjustified. Based on the degree of bone marrow
      blastosis, and also on the degree of blood cytopenias, the anomalies of 59 Fe
      incorporation kinetics and the bone marrow stem-cell cultures, it is possible to
      derive a plausible prognosis for individual patients, which could aid the choice
      of therapy. Androgen therapy does not accelerate leukemic evolution, but does not
      improve the bone marrow insufficiency. Cytosine-arabinoside at low dosage
      exhibited no toxicity, but did not delay the appearance of overt leukemia.

PMID- 389403
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children: a progress report on the original patients
      treated with the LSA2-L2 protocol.
AB  - This report is a follow-up of the initial group of 39 children with non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma treated with the LSA2-L2 protocol as previously reported in Cancer
      (37:123--134, 1976). The disease-free actuarial survival is 73%. All surviving
      patients are off therapy and have shown no evidence of recurrence with a median
      observation time of 70+ months. Their survival times range from 56+ to 88+ months
      from diagnosis. An analysis of successes and failures is discussed and
      modifications in the role of radiation therapy and surgery in the
      multidisciplinary management of children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are
      advocated. The results in the present series indicate that the LSA2-L2 protocol
      has substantially improved the prognosis for children with non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma. We have concluded that age, sex, primary site (perhaps with the
      exception of primary skeletal), and histology are not of prognostic significance.
      The amount of bulky widespread disease at initial presentation, early and
      aggressive therapy, and the achievement of a complete remission status within 1-
      2 months from onset of therapy are the most important prognostic factors.

PMID- 389404
TI  - Adriamycin, BCNU, ftorafur chemotherapy of pancreatic and biliary tract cancer.
AB  - Twenty-six evaluable patients with disseminated or locally unresectable
      pancreatic or biliary tract carcinoma received Ftorafur (4 g/m2 iv day 1 and 22
      and 2 g/m2 iv day 4 and 26), Adriamycin (60 mg/m1 IV day 1 and 45 mg/m2 iv day
      22) and BCNU (150 MG/M2 IV DAY 1) combination chemotherapy (FAB) repeated at 6--8
      week intervals. Two (29%) complete and one (14%) partial remissions were observed
      in 7 patients with biliary carcinoma while 5 of 19 (26%) patients with pancreatic
      carcinoma achieved partial remissions. Median survival for responding patients
      was approximately 11 months (range 7--16+) with median survivals of about 6
      months (p less than 0.05 and about 3 months (p less than 0.05) for patients with
      stable and progressive disease. Major drug toxicity was myelosuppression with
      median lowest granulocyte counts of 1,000/microliters and platelet counts of
      88,000/microliters. Approximately 25% of patients required antibiotic therapy for
      fever of unknown origin or documented infections. Other tolerable drug toxicities
      included nausea, vomiting and mucositis. The FAB regimen appears quite promising
      in biliary tract cancer and has efficacy in pancreatic carcinoma that warrants
      further clinical trials. Because of myelotoxicity observed with this regimen we
      now recommend a BCNU starting dose of 100 mg/m2 instead of 150 mg/m2.

PMID- 389405
TI  - Post-therapeutic acute leukemia.
AB  - This study reports 35 cases of posttherapeutic acute leukemia and reviews the
      literature on this subject. These AL's are characterized by a high incidence of
      anemia, in particular refractory anemia, preceding the hematological disorder by
      several months, by the frequent finding of myelofibrosis, by the essentially
      granulocytic nature of the AL, and by the low rate of remission and the, in
      general, extremely short sruvival of a few months. These leukemias may develop
      following continuous chemotherapy with an alkylating agent, radiotherapy of
      various extent, or most commonly following intensive treatment with extensive
      irradiation and polychemotherapy as in the management of Hodgkin's disease. In
      view of these therapeutic hazards, the present objectives are the modification of
      alkylating agent therapy by the use of other drugs and sequential administration,
      and a reduction in the dose and field of irradiation and the duration of
      polychemotherapy, as in Hodgkin's disease; all present protocols are orientated
      in this direction.

PMID- 389406
TI  - Fatal hypoglycemia after cytotoxic chemotherapy: a report of two cases and a
      review of the literature.
AB  - Two cases, one of leukemia and one of a trophoblastic testicular teratoma, are
      described in which hypoglycemia occurred as a terminal event. The rarity of this
      association with these types of malignancy, together with possible mechanism, is
      discussed in a brief review of the literature.

PMID- 389407
TI  - Angiosarcoma following therapeutic irradiation.
AB  - This paper reports a case of angiosarcoma of the terminal ileum in a 66-year-old
      female. This angiosarcoma developed 8 years after postoperative irradiation for
      ovarian carcinoma. This case appears to be the sixth case of angiosarcoma arising
      at the site of therapeutic irradiation thus far reported in the literature. The
      fact that the angiosarcomas in these cases developed in anatomic sites, which are
      unusual for angiosarcomas in general, suggests that there is a cause-and-effect
      relationship between irradiation and angiosarcoma. Apart from the direct
      carcinogenic effect of irradiation, prolonged stimulation for tissue repair
      resulting from tissue damage secondary to irradiation-induced vascular changes
      may also play an etiologic role in the development of angiosarcomas in these
      cases.

PMID- 389408
TI  - Thorotrast-associated sarcoma of bone: A case report and review of the
      literature.
AB  - An osteosarcoma developed near the right lesser trochanter of a 55-year-old
      woman. The neoplasm fulfilled the generally accepted criteria for a Thorotrast
      related malignancy. Strengthening this relationship was the occurrence of the
      tumor in an unusual location and uncommon age group. Thorium was confirmed both
      in the tumor and in bone marrow histiocytes by its characteristic x-ray spectrum.
      Including this case only twelve Thorotrast-associated neoplasms of bone have been
      reported. The mean latency period after Thorotrast administration was 26 years.
      Regression analysis revealed that latency period and Thorotrast dose are
      inversely related. All tumors were reported to be sarcomas. Six osteosarcomas,
      one fibrosarcoma, one chondrosarcoma, and one undifferentiated sarcoma were
      proven histologically. All patients, for whom follow-up was given, had died of
      the tumor. The reasons behind the low frequency of reported Thorotrast-associated
      bone malignancies may be the low concentration of 232Th and radioactive daughters
      in bone, long latency period or the general lack of knowledge concerning the
      possible relationship between Thorotrast and bone tumors. Statistical association
      between Thorotrast injection and bone sarcoma is shown. The criteria for the
      diagnosis of Thorotrastosis are discussed as well as the long term deleterious
      effects. The distribution of Thorotrast within the body is discussed as well as
      the associated radiographic changes.

PMID- 389409
TI  - Immunohistochemical study of the medullary thyroid carcinoma with reference to C
      thyroglobulin reaction of tumor cells.
AB  - Twelve cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma were investigated ty the
      immunoperoxidase method using anti-calcitonin, anti-C-thyroglobulin (C-Tg, C cell
      immunoreactive thyroglobulin) and anti-19S thyroglobulin antisera. Tumor cells as
      well as normal C cells revealed distinct immunoreaction for C-Tg besides for
      calcitonin. In contrast to normal C cells, the tumor cells were stained more
      intensely by anti-Ctg antiserum than by anti-calcitonin antiserum. Furthermore,
      there occurred several tumors or some areas of tumors which showed strong
      response to anti-C-Tg antiserum but weak or no response to anti-calcitonin
      antiserum. Thus, medullary carcinoma cells synthesized far greater amounts of C
      Tg than calcitonin. The small follicles were occasionally observed mingled in
      typical cell solid masses. They stored colloid-like materials which were
      intensely immunoreactive to C-Tg but nonreactive to calcitonin. The specific
      immunoreaction patterns to anti-C-Tg and anti-calcitonin antisera were also
      obtained on the ground materials of the amyloid. On the histogenesis of amyloids
      of medullary carcinoma, the C-Tg could be the presursor of the fibrillar protein
      of amyloids and the component of the fibrillar protein also closely related to
      calcitonin.

PMID- 389410
TI  - C-cell disease of the thyroid gland in multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2b.
AB  - Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2b (MEN 2b) is a disorder characterized by C
      cell disease of the thyroid gland (medullary carcinoma or C-cell hyperplasia, or
      both), pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuromatosis, and skeletal and connective tissue
      abnormalities. The medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is bilateral and
      multicentric; it metastasizes locally and distally, often before the disease is
      recognized. Histologically proven C-cell disease was present in 89 of the 107
      patients (83%) reported with the condition, including 17 Mayo Clinic patients
      (average age at diagnosis, 19.2 years). Nineteen of the 107 patients (18%) died
      of MTC (average age at death, 25.3 years); 9 (8%) succumbed to pheochromocytoma,
      7 of these also having metastatic MTC; 13 12%) died of other or unknown causes,
      but 2 of these had disseminated MTC as well; 29 (27%) survive with metastatic
      MTC; an additional 21 (20%) are alive, but concentrations of plasma
      immunoreactive calcitonin (iCT) have not been measured; 6 more (6%), 5 of whom
      had thyroidectomy before the age of 12 years, are alive with normal plasma
      concentrations of iCT; and the remaining 10 (9%) have been lost to follow-up.
      Survival of patients with MEN 2b after operation was reduced when compared with
      that of a control population -- 80% versus 99% at 5 years and 50% versus 98% at
      10 years. The only effective treatment for MTC is total thyroidectomy before
      metastasis occurs. "Cure" of MTC in patients with MEN 2b has generally been
      obtained in those having total thyroidectomy before age 12. Therefore, in young
      patients suspected of having MEN 2b, we recommend prompt evaluation of C-cell
      function by measurement of stimulated concentrations of iCT and treatment by
      total thyroidectomy if results are abnormal.

PMID- 389411
TI  - Follicular (nodular) lymphoma in childhood: a rare clinical-pathological entity.
      Report of eight cases from four cancer centers.
AB  - Eight cases of follicular lymphoma (FL) were found amount 318 children with non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma seen in two decades in four large institutions (overall
      incidence: 2.5%). The children's ages ranged from 3 to 13 years (median 8). Four
      patients presented with localized peripheral lymphadenopathy, two with tumors of
      the digestive tract, two with disseminated disease. Five were tentatively
      classified as stage I or II and 3 as stage IV. The existence of other diseases
      responsible for lymphadenopathy could satisfactorily be exclued. All patients are
      alive after follow-up periods of 1 to 14 years from diagnosis (median 4).
      Morphologically, 5 lymphomas were mixed and 3 histiocytic. The growth pattern was
      "expansile" in the younger patients (3 to 9 years), and "infiltrative," as in the
      adult disease, in the three older children (11 to 13 years). The histiocytic
      cytology correlated with stage IV disease. FL in children appears to be different
      from both its adult counterpart and the diffuse childhood lymphomas. Differences
      with the former include the absence of tumors of poorly differentiated
      lymphocytic type, the higher frequency of stage I-II disease and the better
      prognosis. This last feature, as well as the higher frequency of peripheral node
      involvement and the absence of leukemic conversion or CNS disease, differentiates
      the follicular from the diffuse childhood lymphomas.

PMID- 389413
TI  - Acute myeloblastic leukemia developing in patients with mediastinal lymphoblastic
      lymphoma.
AB  - Of three patients with mediastinal malignant lymphoma, lymphoblastic type, at the
      time of diagnosis one also had acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), and the other
      two had blood and bone marrow findings indicative of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
      (ALL). The latter two patients developed the hematologic picture of AML less than
      eight months later. In all cases, AML was confirmed by cytochemical studies of
      peripheral blood and bone marrow cells. Autopsy of two of the patients revealed
      only AML. The myeloid nature of the proliferative cells was demonstrated with the
      naphthol-ASD-chloroacetate stain (NCA) on postmortem tissue sections. This study
      further supports the hypothesis of a common origin of neoplastic lymphoid and
      myeloid cells from pluripotent bone marrow stem cells.

PMID- 389412
TI  - Hypercalcemia complicating childhood malignancies: a report of seven cases with
      some pathophysiological considerations.
AB  - A group of seven children with different malignant processes presenting with
      hypercalcemia was studied. Bone destruction, diffuse metabolic abnormalities,
      abnormal acid-base homeostasis and recurrent hypercalcemia characterized these
      patients. A different mechanism leading to the production of hypercalcemia and/or
      bone destruction by cancer cells is considered. The results of this report
      suggest that parathyroid hormone production (P.T.H.) by the parathyroid glands is
      normal and that ectopic secretion of PTH or PTH-like material is negligible in
      these cases.

PMID- 389414
TI  - The reduced mutagenicity of aflatoxin B1 due to hydroxylation: observations on
      five Salmonella typhimurium tester strains.
AB  - The mutagenicity of aflatoxin M1 relative to that of aflatoxin B1, the parent
      compound, was studied in 5 Ames' tester strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA 98,
      TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 1538). Aflatoxins B1 and M1 are both highly
      mutagenic in microsome-mediated system in TA 100. The prediction of the relative
      carcinogenicity of aflatoxin M1 to aflatoxin B1 posed by the mutation of TA 100
      is probably more authentic than by TA 98.

PMID- 389415
TI  - Formation of mutagens in cooked foods. I. Beef.
AB  - Mutagens detectable by Salmonella typhimurium TA98, after activation by liver S-9
      fraction, are formed when meat is cooked by frying, broiling and boiling. High
      levels of mutagenic activity are formed rapidly when frying, or more slowly
      during broiling. Formation of mutagens in boiled beef stock requires several days
      under reflux, but shows a strong concentration dependence. Time curves suggest
      that a period exists during which mutagens are not readily formed; however, after
      this period mutagen production is rapid. Hamburgers from commercial franchises
      were frequently mutagenically active.

PMID- 389416
TI  - Mutagenic activity of gastric juice.
AB  - Gastric juice samples from patients of a rural area of the Colombian Andes at
      high risk to gastric cancer were tested for mutagenesis with Salmonella
      typhimurium strains TA100 and TA1538. Direct mutagenic effect was found in
      samples with detectable amounts of nitrite. This effect was not accountable by
      nitrite alone. Nitrite-negative samples from the same area and samples from the
      low-risk area of Cali were negative using the same mutagenesis assay.

PMID- 389418
TI  - Mutagenicity of metabolites of carcinogenic aminoazo dyes.
AB  - The mutagenicity of 8 azo dyes and 6 p-phenylenediamine derivatives, which
      comprised the metabolites of carcinogenic 4-aminoazobenzene derivatives, was
      studied on Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. 4'-Hydroxy-N-methyl-4
      aminoazobenzene and its O-sulfate and O-glucuronide, and 3-hydroxy-4
      aminoazobenzene were mutagenic on TA98 in the presence of S-9 mix. p
      Phenylenediamine and its o-methoxyl derivative were definitely mutagenic on TA98
      with the addition of S-9 mix. All metabolites tested were non-mutagenic on TA100,
      although the mother azo dyes were mutagenic both on TA98 and TA100 in the
      presence of S-9 mix. These results rule out a possibility that the mutagenicity,
      at least on TA100 microbes, of carcinogenic 4-aminoazobenzene derivatives may be
      mediated by any of the ring-hydroxyl or azo reduction metabolites and their
      conjugates produced from the azo dyes by incubation with S-9 mix.

PMID- 389417
TI  - Fractionation of a mutagenic principle from broiled fish by high-pressure liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - A mutagenic principle present in the basic fraction of broiled sardines cooked in
      the ordinary way was fractionated by high-pressure liquid chromatography using a
      reversed-phase column. Results indicated that the major mutagenic principle is
      not identical with any of the mutagens previously isolated from amino acid
      pyrolysis products, and that a new, unidentified mutagen exists in broiled
      sardines.

PMID- 389421
TI  - [A review of the activity of the neurosurgery clinic in Prague from 1959 to
      1978].

PMID- 389419
TI  - Effects of glucose-insulin-potassium infusion on the angina response during
      treadmill exercise.
AB  - The effects of glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) and placebo normal saline (S)
      infusion on treadmill-walking time to angina, ST depression, heart rate (HR),
      systolic blood pressure (SBP), rate pressure product (RPP), blood glucose (G),
      lactate (L) and free fatty acids (FFA) were studied in 14 non diabetic patients
      with exertional angina. For the whole group, the post-GIK walking time to angina
      (393 +/- 33 sec, mean +/- SEM) was greater than the values during control GIK
      (319 +/- 20 sec, p less than 0.02) and post-S infusion (334 +/- sec, p less than
      0.05), but circulatory and ST responses were similar in post-GIK and post-S
      studies. 7 of the 14 patients experienced significantly greater improvement in
      exercise tolerance following GIK (467 +/- 39 sec) in comparison to control GIK
      (313 +/- 29 sec, p less than 0.001) and post-S infusion (334 +/- 32 sec, p less
      than 0.005) and exercised to a higher HR, SBP and RPP after GIK than after S
      infusion. At the onset of angina these patients had similar ST-segment depression
      before and after GIK but when ST segments were assessed after GIK at the same
      exercise duration when angina had occurred during the control and post-S studies,
      there was significantly less ST depression (p less than 0.01). Of the remaining 7
      patients exercise tolerance following GIK deteriorated in 3, remained unchanged
      in 2 and increased by 12 and 48 sec in 2 patients in comparison to post-S values.
      Comparison of post-GUK and post-S values for G, L and FFA for the whole group
      showed significantly lower resting values of FFA and post-exercise values of G
      following GIK infusion. The differences in clinical and circulatory responses
      between patients who improved and those who did not improve following GIK were
      not related to the angiographically determined severity of coronary artery
      disease or to GIK-induced metabolic changes. Results suggest that some patients
      with angina pectoris do benefit  from GIK infusion but the response in a given
      patient to this therapeutic modality is unpredictable.

PMID- 389420
TI  - Effects of training and of verapamil on exercise capacity in patients recovering
      from myocardial infarction. A double-blind study.
AB  - Physical training causes an increase of aerobic capacity in normal and cardiac
      patients. The influences of training plus placebo and training plus verapamil
      have been studied in a double-blind randomized trial on 40 patients recovering
      from actue myocardial infarction. The two groups were comparable as to clinical
      characteristics, initial work capacity, and amount of stress tolerated during the
      training sessions. The training produced a significant increase of total work
      capacity and maximum VO2, in both groups; the difference between the means of the
      two groups was not significant. The variation of heart rate, rate pressure
      product at different work loads and cardiac volume after training were
      significantly lower in the verapamil group. The anginal threshold did not change
      in the placebo group and showed a trend to increase in patients treated with
      verapamil. These results suggest that carefully observed rehabilitation markedly
      improves the physical capacity of the patients after acute myocardial infarction.
      Such improvement is enhanced by treatment with verapamil.

PMID- 389423
TI  - [On the 60th birthday of Dr. Vlastimil Kusak].

PMID- 389424
TI  - [Bacteriological methods for the demonstration of the aetiology of purulent
      meningites (author's transl)].

PMID- 389422
TI  - [Transplantation of preserved bone marrow cells. Hematopoiesis in the spleen and
      bone marrow of lethally irradiated mice].

PMID- 389425
TI  - [An assessment of the indirect immunofluorescence method in the diagnosis of
      trichinellosis in humans (author's transl)].

PMID- 389427
TI  - Simultaneous localization of steroid and peptide hormones in rat pituitary by
      combined thaw-mount autoradiography and immunohistochemistry: localization of
      dihydrotestosterone in gonadotropes, thyrotropes and pituicytes.
AB  - The immunocharacteristics of androgen target cells in the anterior pituitary of
      male rats are assessed by a combined thaw-mount autoradiography and
      immunoperoxidase staining method permitting the simultaneous identification of
      steroid-hormone target cells and protein or polypeptide hormone-producing cells
      in the same preparation. After injection of 3H-dihydrotestosterone, nuclear
      concentration of radioactivity is observed in cells of the anterior lobe, in
      "ectopic" cells in the intermediate and posterior lobes as well as in certain
      pituicytes. The radioactively labeled cells in the anterior lobe are identified
      immuno-histochemically as gonadotropes and thyrotropes with the use of antiserum
      to ovine LH or its subunit beta-LH and bovine beta-TSH. The results suggest
      genomic effects of androgen on gonadotropes and thyrotropes as well as
      pituicytes.

PMID- 389426
TI  - Cellular organization of the lateral and postinfundibular regions of the median
      eminence in the rat.
AB  - The structural organization of the rostral, lateral and postinfundibular regions
      of the median eminence (ME) of 5-day cyclic diestrous rats was studied with light
      and electron microscopic methods. The ependymal cells lining (i) the floor of the
      infundibular recess (IR) at rostral levels, (ii) the lateral extensions of the
      IR, and (iii) the floor of the premammillary recess appear to represent the same
      type of tanycyte ependyma (beta 1 tanycytes). In the entire width of the rostral
      and postinfundibular palisade regions, as well as in the lateral palisade region
      of the preinfundibular ME, the processes of the beta 1 tanycytes form a
      continuous cuff. This cuff separates the nerve endings from the blood vessels and
      the pars tuberalis. At this level, synaptoid contacts between neurosecretory
      axons and the ependymal cuff can be observed. The ultrastructural characteristics
      of the beta 1 tanycytes are described and their ependymal endings tentatively
      classified into three types. In the lateral regions of the ME, the Golgi study
      revealed the presence of two fiber systems: (i) one possessing a latero-medial
      trajectory and distributed in the subependymal region; (ii) the other formed by a
      loose longitudinal tract originating from neurons of the arcuate nucleus. Some
      functional implications of the cellular organization of the rat ME are discussed.

PMID- 389428
TI  - Immunohistochemical localization of a gastrin-like peptide in the brain of an
      amphibian, Xenopus laevis Daud.
AB  - The indirect immunofluorescence technique was used to demonstrate a substance
      reacting with gastrin antisera in the brain of Xenopus laevis. Immunoreactive
      material was found in two sites: (1) In the caudal hypothalamus more precisely in
      the nucleus infundibularis ventralis, (NIV) of the pars ventralis of the tuber
      cinereum, (PVTC). The fluorescent axons of the reactive parikarya of the NIV give
      rise to two symmetrical tracts which run rostro-ventrally and join, in the
      infundibular floor, the preoptico-hypophysial tract, where they form an uneven
      median tract coursing caudally and running along the medio-tuberal area before
      entering the external zone of the median eminence. (2) In the anterior preoptic
      area (APOA), where numerous nerve fibers and endings form a dense network near
      the preoptic recess. The exact origin of these terminals has not yet been
      determined. Control of immunohistochemical specificity shows that the labeling by
      gastrin antisera is suppressed by gastrin (2--17), but also by cholecystokinin
      (CCK) and pentagastrin (Peptavlon). These results indicate that the
      immunoreactive substance revealed belongs to the gastrin group and has an
      antigenic determinant composed of the amino acid sequence or a protion thereof
      common to gastrin, CCK and Peptavlon (Trp-Met-Asp-Phe). It should be emphasized
      that, in the brain of Xenopus laevis, both gastrin-immunoreactive sites
      correspond to the sites of uptake of steroid hormones (Kelley et al., 1975;
      Morrell et al., 1975).

PMID- 389430
TI  - A precursor to a minor species of yeast tRNASer contains an intervening sequence.
AB  - Certain tRNAs in S. cerevisiae (tRNATyr and tRNAPhe) arise via precursor
      molecules which are mature at the 5' and 3' termini but contain intervening
      sequences adjacent to the anticodon (Knapp et al., 1978; O'Farrell et al., 1978).
      In addition to these molecules, precursors to several other tRNAs accumulate in a
      temperature-sensitive mutant (ts136) at the nonpermissive temperature. We have
      analyzed one of these species and shown that it is a precursor to a minor species
      of tRNASer. This precursor is also mature at both termini and contains an
      intervening sequence of 19 nucleotides adjacent to the hypermodified A residue 3'
      to the anticodon. The sequence can be arranged in a secondary structure in which
      the anticodon stem is extended by additional base-pairing, and contains the sites
      of excision and ligation within two looped regions. Support for this structure
      was provided by analysis of the products of limited digestion with RNAase T1.
      recently Piper (1978) reported the isolation of a minor species of tRNASer which
      decodes UCG. He found this species to be structurally heterogeneous and
      determined that the less abundant form corresponds to the tRNA which is altered
      in the recessive lethal SUP-RL1 amber suppressor. Our data now suggest that the
      more abundant form may be restricted to reading UCA in vivo; thus mutation of the
      minor species would result in complete loss of UCG-decoding ability and explain
      the recessive lethality of SUP-RL1. We have shown that the precursor which
      accumulates in ts136 corresponds exclusively to this minor tRNASerUCG species.
      Our results suggest that this may be the only gene for tRNASer in yeast which
      contains an intervening sequence.

PMID- 389429
TI  - Pancreatic endocrine cells of Barbus conchonius (Teleostei, Cyprinidae), and
      their relation to the enteroendocrine cells.
AB  - The pancreatic endocrine cells of Barbus conchonius are concentrated in a large
      (principal) islet, located near the gall bladder, and in a number of smaller
      islets. Five types of endocrine cells can be distinguished in there pancreatic
      islets: B cells, A1 (or D cells), 2 types of A2 cells (A2r cells with round
      granules; and A2fl cells with flocculent granules) and a scarce 5th cell type.
      The hormones produced by B and A2fl cells are probably insulin and glucagon
      respectively. The A2r cell contains granules with the same diameter as the
      granules of the enteroendocrine type III cell of the gut. Both cell types may
      resemble the enteroglucagon-producing EG cell of mammals. The function of the A1
      cells, which are frequently found without secretory granules, and of the 5th cell
      type, will be discussed. The pancreastic islets of B. conchonius are strongly
      innervated, which suggests thatpresence of a direct nervous control system. Some
      intermediate or mixed cells containing exocrine and endocrine A2r granules are
      found continguous with the principal islet. The origin of pancreatic endocrine
      cells is also the subject of discussion.

PMID- 389431
TI  - Splicing of yeast tRNA precursors: a two-stage reaction.
AB  - Soluble extracts of S. cerevisiae splice tRNA precursors which contain
      intervening sequences. The reaction goes to completion and requires ATP for the
      production of mature sequence tRNA. In the absence of ATP, half-tRNA molecules
      accumulate. Similar half-tRNA molecules appear as kinetic intermediates and
      accumulate if splicing is inhibited with pure, mature tRNA. Half-tRNA molecules
      have been purified. These half-tRNAs are efficiently ligated in an ATP-dependent
      reaction that is inhibited by added mature tRNA. The product of ligation is the
      expected mature sequence tRNA. The excised intervening sequence has also been
      identified. These results suggest an enzymatic mechanism for splicing which
      involves two independent steps.

PMID- 389432
TI  - Splicing of yeast tRNA precursors: structure of the reaction intermediates.
AB  - The intermediates of the yeast tRNA splicing reaction have been characterized.
      The intervening sequence is excised as an unique linear molecule. It has 5'
      hydroxyl and 3'-phosphate termini. Correspondingly, the half-tRNA molecules are
      shown to have a 3'-phosphate terminus on the 5' half and 5'-hydroxyl terminus on
      the 3' half. These isolated halves have been shown to be active in the ligation
      step of tRNA splicing. Removal of the 3'-phosphate from the 5' half eliminates
      the ability of the 5' half to participate in ligation.

PMID- 389434
TI  - Role of plasmid-coded RNA and ribonuclease III in plasmid DNA replication.
AB  - An in vitro replication system has been used to study the control of DNA
      replication of the relaxed plasmids Col E1 and RSF1030. An RNA transcript
      approximately 100 nucleotides long is synthesized during the in vitro DNA
      replication reaction. This RNA is synthesized approximately 450 bp away from the
      origin of replication. A small insertion in the coding sequence for the RNA made
      from Col E1 DNA leads to a larger RNA species and simultaneously to an increase
      in plasmid copy number. Revertants missing the specific insertion show shorter
      RNA transcripts and wild-type copy number. Although plasmids Col E1 and RSF1030
      have no extensive sequence homology, the RNA synthesized during RSF1030
      replication has almost the same mobility as the Col E1 RNA on polyacrylamide gels
      and hybridizes to the Col E1 origin region. Extracts prepared from mutants of
      Escherichia coli deficient in ribonuclease III do not replicate RSF1030 or Col E1
      plasmids in vitro. When supplemented with homogeneous RNAase III, such extracts
      do support DNA replication on these templates, indicating that RNAase III is
      required for DNA replication. We propose that the 100 nucleotide RNA species is
      involved in regulating the initiation of DNA replication of these plasmids, and
      that RNAase III may be involved in processing this RNA.

PMID- 389433
TI  - Assembly of the mitochondrial membrane system: sequences of yeast mitochondrial
      valine and an unusual threonine tRNA gene.
AB  - The mitochondrial DNA segments of two independently isolated rho- clones of S.
      cerevisiae carrying a genetic marker for a threonine tRNA have been characterized
      by restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing. The DNA sequences of the
      two segments have been used to deduce the primary and secondary structures of the
      tRNA. The threonine tRNA is unusual in having a leucine anticodon (3'-GAU-5').
      Despite the anomalous anticodon, the tRNA is proposed to function in
      mitochondrial protein synthesis. One of the rho- clones contains an additional
      coding sequence that has been identified as a valine tRNA genes have been located
      on the wild-type physical map and determined to be transcribed from two different
      strands.

PMID- 389436
TI  - Primary and secondary delayed-type hypersensitivity to minor histocompatibility
      antigens in the mouse.

PMID- 389435
TI  - Transcription in sea urchin. The role of non-histone chromosomal proteins in
      preventing unproductive binding of RNA polymerase to template.

PMID- 389437
TI  - Prolongation of cardiac allograft survival by pretreatment of recipient mice with
      donor blood or spleen cells plus cyclophosphamide.

PMID- 389439
TI  - History of immunology. Cellular versus humoral immunity: determinants and
      consequences of an epic 19th century battle.

PMID- 389438
TI  - Potentiation of the in vitro specific cytotoxic response to syngeneic lymphoma
      cells by PPD-stimulated tuberculin sensitive cells.

PMID- 389440
TI  - Human lymphocyte subpopulations identified by bacterial adherence are
      functionally different.

PMID- 389441
TI  - Production of an antibody against guinea pig MIF. I. Specificity of the anti-MIF
      antibody.

PMID- 389443
TI  - The plaque-forming cell response of human blood lymphocytes. I. PFC response of
      lymphocytes to formalin-treated staphylocci.

PMID- 389442
TI  - Corticosteroids and the humoral immune response of mice. II. Enhancement of bone
      marrow antibody formation to lipopolysaccharide by high doses of corticosteroids.

PMID- 389444
TI  - Immunoregulation mediated by the sympathetic nervous system.

PMID- 389445
TI  - Sensitivity of rat heart endothelial and myocardial cells to alloimmune
      lymphocytes and to alloantibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

PMID- 389446
TI  - Natural T-cell regulation of spontaneous immunoglobulin secretion.

PMID- 389447
TI  - Is invasiveness in vitro characteristic of malignant cells?

PMID- 389449
TI  - [The pharmacy and pharmacists in Breznice].

PMID- 389448
TI  - Fluoride inhibition of protein synthesis.

PMID- 389451
TI  - [Professor Martin Ehrmann and his influence in the medical-surgical training in
      Olomouc between 1836 and 1866].

PMID- 389450
TI  - [The effect of DTIC (dacarbazine) on the survival of skin grafts].

PMID- 389452
TI  - [Professor Ferdinand Daubrawa, an outstanding figure among pharmacists in the
      Moravian countryside in the 19th century].

PMID- 389453
TI  - [65th birthday of Dr. Z. Maratka].

PMID- 389454
TI  - [Medical treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases in the light of controlled
      clinical trials (author's transl)].

PMID- 389455
TI  - [The role of glucagon in the regulation of the energy metabolism (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 389456
TI  - [Dr. Miloslav Keclik - 60 years].

PMID- 389457
TI  - [The history and present status of surgery of hiatal hernia and esophageal
      reflux].

PMID- 389458
TI  - [Role of glucagon in pathophysiology (author's transl)].

PMID- 389459
TI  - [Immunological tolerance of women during imminent abortion and during EPH
      gestosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 389460
TI  - [The occurrence and function of pregnancy proteins].

PMID- 389461
TI  - [The participation of phospholipids in blood coagulation].

PMID- 389462
TI  - [In memoriam of Dr. Frantisek Karasek].

PMID- 389463
TI  - [Hereditary deafness (a review)].

PMID- 389464
TI  - [Dr. Hladky--70 years old].

PMID- 389465
TI  - [On the 50th birthday of Dr. Daniel Bartka].

PMID- 389467
TI  - [Dr. Jaroslav Koch].

PMID- 389466
TI  - [The development of psychotropic drug chemistry over the past 20 years (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 389468
TI  - [3 directors of infant institutes].

PMID- 389470
TI  - [Evaluation of the quality of human tooth decalcification using two different
      devices].

PMID- 389471
TI  - [The importance of tomography in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint
      disease. Review].

PMID- 389472
TI  - [On the birthday of B. Neumann].

PMID- 389473
TI  - [The development of social hygiene in the German Democratic Republic].

PMID- 389469
TI  - [Dr. J. Novotny].

PMID- 389474
TI  - [Dr. Arnost Lanyi - 65 years old].

PMID- 389475
TI  - Salute to some nursing pioneers.

PMID- 389476
TI  - A clinico-pathological study on pulpal reaction to restoration system (Nuva
      system) with ultraviolet-light polymerized resin.

PMID- 389477
TI  - Clinical study of hydrazine sulfate in advanced cancer patients.
AB  - Twenty-five patients with a variety of solid tumors were treated with hydrazine
      sulfate. Hydrazine was given orally in the form of 60 mg capsules from one to
      four times daily. No patient had a 50% reduction of tumor size. Subjective
      benefit was seen in three patients but it was of brief duration.

PMID- 389478
TI  - Podophyllotoxin derivative VP 16-213.
AB  - VP 16-213, a derivative of podophyllotoxin, is currently entering phase-III
      studies. Its mode of action is incompletely understood, but differs markedly from
      that of its parent compound. The greatest lethal damage is experienced by cells
      in the late S and G2 phases. In the L 1210 system the drug shows marked schedule
      dependency: prolonged administration may be more effective than single bolus
      administration. As a single agent, VP 16-213 is the most active compound yet
      tested against small-cell bronchial carcinoma. It may also prove to be a useful
      agent in patients with other types of lung tumour, testicular teratomas, and some
      types of leukaemia. No long-term or cumulative toxicity has been reported. Most
      side effects are predictable and reproducible.

PMID- 389479
TI  - Potential of liposomes as drug-carriers in cancer chemotherapy: a review.
AB  - Liposomes are bilayered phospholipid vesicles that have been proposed as vehicles
      for the selective delivery of cytotoxic drugs into malignant cells. In vitro and
      in vivo experiments have indicated that the activity of a range of drugs or their
      active metabolites may be enhanced by encapsulation in liposomes, particularly
      when used against drug-resistant tumours. Moreover, liposomal entrapment
      certainly has a marked effect on the tissue distribution and rates of clearance
      of cytotoxic drugs, and also appears to reduce their toxicity in most cases.
      However, in both animal and patient studies, the major sites of uptake following
      IV administration consistently appear as the liver and spleen. Preferential
      tumour uptake has therefore not yet been achieved, althrough a degree of
      localization of liposomal labels can be demonstrated in the vicinity of
      experimental animal tumours in certain circumstances. Liposomes may have a future
      role in cancer chemotherapy, but much laboratory work remains to be done before
      clinical application can be considered.

PMID- 389481
TI  - Radioimmunoassay for immunologlobulin G in serum and urine.
AB  - We describe a radioimmunoassay for immunoglobulin G (IgG) in serum and urine.
      Aliquots of diluted samples and 125I-labeled IgG were incubated in antibody
      coated tubes at 37 degrees C for 24 h, the supernates were decanted, and the
      radioactivity in tubes containing the bound fraction was counted. The dose
      response curve in the range of 0.4--500 mg/L of urine or 640--40 000 mg/L of
      serum was linear on logit-log transformation and iterative weighted regression.
      Assay sensitivity was 10 ng of IgG. Validation studies included testing for
      precision, accuracy, antibody specificity, and parallelism of the dose-response
      curves for standard and unknown. In a study of 14 apparently normal individuals,
      serum IgG = 4.0-10.9 gL, urine IgG = 1.1-4.8 mg/24 h, and IgG clearance = 0.2 X
      10(-4) to 4.8 X 10(-4) mL/min. In 20 patients with renal allografts, serum IgG =
      15.8-66 g/L, urine IgG - 9.6-626 mg/24 h, and IgG clearance = 9 X 10(-4) to 1.99
      X 10(-1) mL/min. IgG values correlated well with severity of renal allograft
      rejection.

PMID- 389482
TI  - Decrease in measured C-peptide immunoreactivity on storage.

PMID- 389484
TI  - Piribedil inhibition of prolactin release induced by mechanical breast emptying
      in puerperal women.
AB  - The effects of a 5 day course of Piribedil, a dopaminergic agonist, on prolactin
      release evoked by mechanical breast emptying in puerperal women, was
      investigated. A daily dose of 75 mg. caused a significant decrease in the
      prolactin response to mechanical breast stimulation. Piribedil also proved
      clinically useful in inhibiting lactation. The role of dopaminergic mechanisms in
      the regulation of prolactin release induced by mechanical breast emptying are
      discussed.

PMID- 389483
TI  - Chronic diphenylhydantoin therapy does not reduce plasma 25-hydroxy-vitamin D.
AB  - A randomized controlled study was performed to investigate the effect of 2 years'
      monitored diphenylhydantoin (DPH) therapy on plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD)
      in non-epileptic, non-institutionalized subjects. Mean +/- SEM plasma 25-OHD of
      18 DPH-treated subjects at the end of 2 years' drug treatment was 59 +/- 8 nmol/l
      (23.6 +/- 3.2 ng/ml), which was not decreased compared to that of eighteen
      control subjects (54 +/- 8 nmol/l, 21.6 +/- 3.2 ng/ml). In addition, mean plasma
      25-OHD had not changed 1 month after ceasing DPH. The treated group had a higher
      mean serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) during DPH treatment, attributable to
      hepatic enzyme induction. It is concluded that therapeutic doses of DPH without
      other anticonvulsants do not have a clinically significant effect on plasma 25
      OHD.

PMID- 389480
TI  - Chemotherapy in the management of invasive bladder cancer. A review.
AB  - In this review of the management of invasive carcinoma of the bladder the results
      of primary and systemic therapies are evaluated in the light of the natural
      history of the disease. The clinical and pathological causes of treatment failure
      are assessed in an attempt to identify new approaches that may be used in the
      future management of patients with bladder cancer. To improve survival in this
      disease requires different approaches to both the control of local disease and
      the early control of metastatic disease.

PMID- 389486
TI  - [Foundamentals of steroid therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 389485
TI  - [The development of glucocorticoid therapy in Japan (author's transl)].

PMID- 389487
TI  - The effects of systemic disease on the function of the testis.

PMID- 389488
TI  - The effect of chronic alcohol abuse on sexual function.

PMID- 389489
TI  - Ovary.

PMID- 389490
TI  - The adrenal manifestations of systemic diseases.

PMID- 389492
TI  - Pancreas.

PMID- 389491
TI  - Hormonal aspects of vitamin D metabolism and its clinical implications.

PMID- 389493
TI  - Ageing and endocrine function.

PMID- 389494
TI  - The skin and systemic fungal infections.

PMID- 389495
TI  - Complement fixation in acute serum sickness: assembly of glomerular-bound C3
      convertase.
AB  - Complement (C) fixing properties of glomerular immune deposits were studied in
      vitro in two groups of rabbits with acute serum sickness (ASS). Deposits were
      studied early in decomplemented (cobra venom factor-treated) rabbits (Group I)
      and during the evolution of the nephritis in non-decomplemented rabbits (Group
      II). Following perfusion of kidneys of animals from Group I (which contained no
      autologous C3) with rabbit serum deficient in factor B (classical pathway) or
      serum pre-treated with Mg++EGTA (alternative pathway), fixation of C3 was
      observed in both systems. No C3 deposition was found when EDTA-rabbit serum was
      used. When kidney sections obtained from serial biopsies and autopsy material
      from Group II (which contained rabbit C3-C3rb) were incubated with purified
      factors B and D, followed by either purified human C3 (C3hu) or EDTA-guinea-pig
      serum (C3gp), fixation of C3hu or C3gp to early C3 deposits was observed. When
      sections were pre-incubated with heat-inactivated rabbit serum (source of C3b
      inactivator), C3 fixation was substantially reduced. Little or no C3 fixation was
      found after incubation of sections with human or guinea-pig serum depleted of
      factor D (classical pathway). Thus, in ASS, glomerular complement deposition
      appears to be predominantly dependent on the activation of the alternative
      pathway (C3b-feedback) which is progressively lost during the evolution of the
      nephritis.

PMID- 389497
TI  - Studies on guinea-pig macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). II.
      Purification of MIF after treatment with reducing and denaturing agents.
AB  - Treatment of guinea-pig macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) containing
      culture supernatants with the denaturing agents guanidine hydrochloride (Gu HCl)
      or urea, in the presence or absence of the reducing agent 2-mercaptoethanol (2
      ME), or with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), does not destroy biological activity.
      Alkylation of reduced MIF preparations results in a considerable decrease or
      total loss of MIF activity. Treatment of supernatants with the combinations, Gu
      HCl and 2-ME or urea and 2-ME results in the recovery of MIF activity in
      association with molecules less than 30,000 in molecular weight (mol. wt). After
      removal of the agents by dialysis, MIF activity is found associated with
      molecules larger than 30,000. The reduction in mol. wt is dependent on the
      presence of 2-ME. When MIF-containing supernatants are treated with urea and SDS
      and fractionated by preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) in the
      presence of the same agents, MIF activity is recovered in the mol. wt range of
      42,000--80,000. When supernatants are treated with 2-me, in addition to urea and
      SDS, and preparative PAGE is performed in their presence, MIF activity is found
      associated with material having a mol. wt of 15,000--18,000. Analytical SDS-PAGE
      of this fraction reveals two or three closely grouped bands corresponding to the
      above mol. wt range.

PMID- 389496
TI  - A study of the aetiology of gastritis following gastric surgery. I.
      Immunofluorescent studies of the gastric mucosa.
AB  - The gastritis which follows surgical trauma is probably not of autoimmune origin.
      Although identical with the gastritis of pernicious anaemia (PA) upon routine
      histological examination, immunofluorescent examination of post-operative
      gastritis differs in that IgA-containing plasma cells alone are found, in
      contrast to the predominantly IgG-containing plasma cells in PA.

PMID- 389498
TI  - Participation of a histamine-Sepharose-adherent subpopulation of human
      mononuclear cells in the production of leucocyte migration inhibition factor
      (LIF) in healthy children.
AB  - The separation of mouse splenic T lymphocytes into distinct subpopulations by
      fractionation on histamine-rabbit serum albumin Sepharose (H-RSAS) columns has
      been described. The H-RSAS-adherent T cells have been attributed regulatory
      functions associated with B cell activity, T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and the
      secretion of mediators such as immuno-interferon. The possibility that H-RSAS
      adherent T cells exert a similar regulatory effect on an in vitro parameter of T
      cell-mediated immunity was investigated by assaying the production of leucocyte
      migration inhibition factor (LIF) in human blood samples, using the agarose
      droplet method. Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and BCG-purified protein derivative
      (PPD) were used as stimulants of LIF secretion which was measured as a percentage
      of inhibition of linear leucocytic migration. In normal individuals a highly
      significant (P less than 0.001) decrease was demonstrated in the production of
      LIF by peripheral blood leucocytes depleted of H-RSAS-adherent cells. Migration
      inhibition dropped from 36 +/- 11.7% to 21.2 +/- 12.9% in eighteen cases tested
      with PHA and from 29.3 +/- 11.7% to 17.2 +/- 9.8% in twelve cases tested with
      PPD. These results suggest the existence of a lymphocytic subpopulation involved
      in LIF production which expresses histamine receptors.

PMID- 389499
TI  - Autoantibody to "intermediate filament" in infectious mononucleosis.

PMID- 389500
TI  - Neutrophil migration inhibition factor from T lymphocytes (NIF-T): a new
      lymphokine.

PMID- 389501
TI  - The role of hepatitis B surface antigen in the pathogenesis of glomerulopathies.
AB  - The frequency of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been studied in the sera
      and renal biopsies of 276 patients with various forms of glomerulonephritis (GN),
      the nephrotic syndrome and other nephropathies. Using a modified Hepanosticon
      method, HBs antigenemia was detected in 32 of 196 patients (16.3%) with immune
      complex (IC) GN and the nephrotic syndrome. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed
      HBsAg in 33 renal biopsy tissue specimens (16.8%). HBsAg was found in the sera of
      four of the 80 remaining patients with other renal diseases (5%), and in the
      renal biopsy tissues of another four (5%). Antibody against HBsAg could only be
      demonstrated in the serum of one glomerulonephritic patient. The sera of 18,799
      normal blood donors were used as controls; of these 186 (0.99%) had positive
      tests for HBsAg. It is concluded that, in some patients with GN and the nephrotic
      syndrome, HBsAg-containing IC may be implicated in the development and/or
      progression of the disease.

PMID- 389502
TI  - Bleeding in renal failure: a possible role of vascular prostacyclin (PGI2).
AB  - Specimens of venous tissues from a group of 25 patients with chronic uremia and 7
      patients with acute renal failure generated significantly higher PGI2-like
      (platelet aggregation inhibiting) activity than venous tissues from 30 normal
      subjects. After repeated washings, when this activity could barely be detected in
      the controls, pronounced inhibitory activity was still evident in samples
      containing venous tissues from uremic patients. Both prolonged bleeding times and
      increased PGI2-like activity returned to normal in 4 acute uremic patients on
      restoration of their renal function. These findings may be relevant to the
      pathogenesis of bleeding in renal failure.

PMID- 389503
TI  - Hereditary C2 deficiency associated with non-systemic glomerulonephritis.
AB  - A patient with non-systemic idiopathic glomerulonephritis was found to have a
      complete deficiency of C2, the second component of complement. The clinical
      course, histological findings and serological abnormalities are reported in
      detail. The renal disease was a mild glomerulonephritis with mesangial and
      subendothelial immune deposits comprising IgG, IgM and C3, increased mesangial
      matrix without significant cell proliferation. An immunogenetic analysis of the
      patient's family was carried out. It was demonstrated that the homozygous C2
      deficiency was associated with heterozygotism for HLA-A, B and D. Only one of the
      C2 deficient genes was associated with the expected HLA-A10, B18 haplotype and
      the propositus was HLA-D2 negative. This report confirms the fact that non
      systemic glomerulonephritis should be included in the variety of immunological
      disorders associated with a complement deficient state. However, C2 deficiency
      does not seem to be related specifically to a given histological variety of
      glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 389504
TI  - Membranous nephritis in infantile systemic lupus erythematosus associated with
      chromosomal abnormalities.
AB  - A white female infant who developed a sudden onset of gross hematuria and
      proteinuria at 3 months of age was referred for evaluation of nephrotic syndrome
      at 6 months. Laboratory investigations revealed severe Coomb's negative hemolytic
      anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypocomplementemia and elevated anti
      nuclear antibody titer and DNA antibodies. Renal biopsy showed a membranous type
      of morphology. She was also found to have chromosome abnormalities. She had an
      eventual favorable response to steroid therapy. Systemic lupus erythematosus
      (SLE) is rarely seen in young infants and the renal expression of the disease
      found in our case has never been reported.

PMID- 389505
TI  - Serial quantitative imaging with 99Tcm-DTPA in pediatric renal transplantation.
AB  - Three hundred and fifty-eight renal imaging studies with quantitation of renal
      perfusion were performed following injection of 99Tcm-DTPA in 22 children aged 6-
      15 years with renal transplants. In 58 of 62 scans performed at the onset of a
      rejection episode, renal perfusion was decreased. This was the only feature of
      rejection in 6 episodes, in 5 of which the patient was oliguric due to post
      operative acute tubular necrosis. In 4 episodes perfusion fell, but antirejection
      treatment was not given as a repeat scan was normal. On 18 occasions the plasma
      creatinine concentration (Pc) rose, but the scan was unchanged; no treatment was
      given and repeat Pc was normal. Three patients had a ureteric obstruction and 2
      patients a lymphocoele detected from the images. There was no morbidity.
      Sequential renal scintigraphy was valuable in the early diagnosis of rejection
      and in the avoidance of unnecessary therapy.

PMID- 389507
TI  - 2,8-Dihydroxyadeninuria--or when is a uric acid stone not a uric acid stone?

PMID- 389506
TI  - Hemodialysis and renal transplantation in progressive systemic sclerosis: report
      of 2 cases.
AB  - Renal failure is a common cause of death in patients with progressive systemic
      sclerosis (PSS). The present paper describes two patients with chronic renal
      failure secondary to PSS whom we have treated by a combination of chronic
      hemodialysis and renal transplantation. Also reviewed are reports of six
      additional patients who have undergone renal transplantation. We conclude that
      chronic hemodialysis and renal transplantation are successful life-sustaining
      treatment modalities in some patients with end-stage renal disease due to PSS.

PMID- 389508
TI  - Rapid recurrence of membranous nephropathy in a related allograft.
AB  - A patient with membranous nephropathy (MN) received a renal allograft from his
      brother. The allograft functioned immediately but nephrotic range proteinuria
      developed seven days after transplantation in the absence of any signs of
      rejection. Renal function deteriorated five weeks after transplantation due to
      ureteric obstruction. Nephrostomy drainage resulted in the return of renal
      function to normal and demonstrated that the allograft was the source of the
      nephrotic range proteinuria. An open renal biopsy of the allograft performed at
      the same time revealed the presence of recurrent MN. The recipient was
      investigated in an attempt to identify possible humoral immune mechanisms that
      may explain this very rapid recurrence of MN.

PMID- 389510
TI  - A history of the development of cardiology as a medical specialty.

PMID- 389511
TI  - Myocardial imaging with extractable cations and inert tracers: the effects of
      flow and metabolism.
AB  - The physical and biological properties of 201thallium (Tl) have been investigated
      and are discussed in this review. A new technique using the ultra-short lived
      81mkrypton (81mKr) as a continuous infusion into the aortic root in dogs and man
      is described. This provides a dynamic assessment of changes in regional
      myocardial perfusion. Experiments using 201Tl and 81mKr in dogs have shown that
      regional decreases in myocardial perfusion alone cannot be detected in images of
      the heart using 201Tl. The effects of perfusion and a variety of factors on the
      energy dependent cellular uptake of 201Tl are discussed as being of primary
      importance in changing the regional myocardial distribution of this tracer. The
      constant infusion of 81mKr in patients with anginal chest pain provides
      continuous measurement of regional myocardial perfusion in high spatial
      resolution images. This dynamic method provides a physiological assessment of
      stenosed coronary arteries at rest and during stress.

PMID- 389509
TI  - Postpartum hemolytic uremic syndrome: a study of three cases with a review of the
      literature.
AB  - Three cases of postpartum hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) are presented. Symptoms
      of acute renal failure, hypertension and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with
      thrombocytopenia occurred 10, 17 and 24 days after delivery. Despite early
      heparin therapy in all cases, one patient went into terminal renal failure
      needing chronic hemodialysis, with persistent hypertension which became
      uncontrollable requiring bilateral nephrectomy 6 months later. The second patient
      had diuresis one month after starting hemodialysis, but 3 months later developed
      malignant hypertension. Slight improvement in renal function with  persistent
      hypertension occurred after hemodialysis for 20 months. The third patient showed
      complete clinical recovery after 2 months. Pathological examination of renal
      tissue showed the typical lesions of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). However,
      striking differences were observed in the lesion seen in early and late
      specimens. Early lesions could be differenciated from infancy TMA because the
      medium-dize arteries were more severely involved. Late lesions were variable,
      ranging from minor changes in glomeruli and blood vessels, via ischemic and
      sclerotic lesions in glomeruli with arteriolosclerosis, to the vascular and
      glomerular lesions seen in malignant nephrosclerosis. There was a good
      correlation between the renal pathology and the clinical outcome of the patients.
      HUS with renal TMA as a cuase of postpartum renal failure has been reported in 49
      patients with a fatal outcome in 61%. The pathogenesis of the syndrome probably
      involves a primary endothelial damage. This causes local renal intravascular
      coagulation in the presence of the usual postpartum hypercoagulable  state. This
      is shown by the presence of fibrin-fibrinogen in glomeruli and vessels, increased
      plasma fibrin degradation products, thrombocytopenia and lowered levels of
      coagulation factors. There is little hematological or pathological evidence fo
      disseminated intravascular coagulation or an immune-complex disease.
      Hypocomplementemia seen frequently is probably due to local C3 activation via the
      alternative pathway.

PMID- 389512
TI  - A double-blind trial of disopyramide, procaineamide and digoxin in paroxysmal
      suptraventricular tachycardia.
AB  - A double-blind cross-over study has been performed in 10 patients with an
      established diagnosis of paroxysmal suptraventricular tachycardia to compare the
      effectiveness of three active agents with placebo. The drugs were administered in
      random sequence for two-week periods with three-day washout intervals and in
      standard dose regimes as recommended for prophylaxis by authoritative works on
      the subject. The results suggest that digoxin is ineffective at the recommended
      dosage. Procaineamide was effective in controlling some arrhythmias, but
      disopyramide was the most effective agent studied. All these patients showed a
      mixture of arrhythmias, and also had a lot of ectopic activity. Arrhythmic
      activity is erratic and unpredictable, and a larger number of patients would need
      to be studied for long periods of time to obtain enough data for valid
      statistical assessment.

PMID- 389513
TI  - Antianginal efficiency of nifedipine with and without a beta-blocker, studied
      with exercise test. A double-blind, randomized subacute study.
AB  - Twenty-one patients, mean age 60.3 years, with stable angina pectoris earlier
      treated with beta-blockers, were investigated with standardized exercise tests to
      evaluate the action of nifedipine alone and in combination with a beta-blocker.
      The first exercise test was performed 3 weeks after treatment with the patient's
      usual beta-blocker. Following this, the patients were tested twice after a double
      blind cross-over 3-week trial with nifedipine and placebo. The patients were
      subsequently treated for 3 weeks with nifedipine 10 mg 3 times daily or placebo
      and then performed an exercise test. During the 4th period of 3 weeks the
      patients took a combination of nifedipine, 10 mg 3 times daily, and their usual
      beta-blocker and then performed the final exercise test. Nifedipine alone raised
      the heart rate by 5 beats/min at rest and diminished the systolic blood pressure
      at rest by 17 mm Hg. During exercise at comparable load the heart rate did not
      change significantly, but the systolic blood pressure decreased with 22 mm Hg.
      The exercise tolerance expressed as total work increased on a average by 20%,
      range-14 - + 194%. Nifedipine in combination with a beta-blocker gave a further
      decrease in the systolic blood pressure, totally 37 mm Hg at comparable load. The
      exercise tolerance increased more, totally by an average of 41%. There was a
      significant correlation between basal values for systolic blood pressure
      registered during the placebo period at rest and the percentage change in total
      work. The atrioventricular conduction time did not change significantly compared
      to placebo during treatment with nifedipine or the combination nifedipine + beta
      blocker. No serious side-effects were observed during the study.

PMID- 389514
TI  - Selection bias in evaluation therapy for end-stage renal disease: suggestions for
      a solution.

PMID- 389515
TI  - Reduction of chemotherapy-induced neutropenic complications with a short course
      of lithium carbonate.

PMID- 389516
TI  - A new look at the epidemiology of ankylosing spondylitis and related syndromes.
AB  - Among the rheumatic diseases, non so clearly illustrates the relations between
      host and environmental factors as the seronegative spondyloarthropathy group of
      disorders. The strongest association is with the histocompatibility antigen HLA
      B27, which accounts for a striking susceptibility to these diseases and is
      present in over 90% of individuals with idiopathic ankylosing spondylitis. Next
      in importance appears to be a difference in sex penetrance with males
      predominating in all categories. The most dramatic sex relationship is with
      postvenereal Reiter's syndrome which has a male-to-female ratio of nearly 50:1.
      Another potent host factor is age, with increased predisposition to onset at
      puberty and young adulthood in HLA-B27-positive patients. Environmental or
      possibly infectious agent influence are most apparent in Reiter's syndrome, where
      the antecedent circumstances of venereal contact and bacillary dysentery are
      frequent precipitating events. Secondary forms of peripheral arthritis,
      radiographic sacroiliitis, and ankylosing spondylitis frequently occur in
      psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease; in the case of peripheral arthritis,
      there is no or a significantly reduced association with HLA-B27 compared to AS or
      RS. Secondary factor seem to be contributing to spondyloarthropathy in these
      disorders. These iterrelations emphasize the powerful effects of host
      characteristics on the type of rheumatic disease syndrome acquired and provide
      superb opportunities for more precise understanding of disease pathogenesis and
      ultimate control through the integration of epidemiologic, clinical, and
      laboratory research.

PMID- 389517
TI  - Treatment of osteoporoses by manipulation of coherent bone cell populations.
AB  - Up to and including the year 1979, no agent, combination of agents or other
      treatment has been found which, when given continuously to the intact incoherent
      adult human skeleton, can store in it clinically useful amounts of bone in a way
      which can continue with continued treatment. BMU theory suggests that failure
      derives from a depression by such treatments of both resorptive and formative
      activity, partly by depressing the naturally coupled activities of already
      existing 'clast and 'blast populations, and partly by reducing BMU activation.
      However BMU theory also suggests that selected agents given in special sequences
      can create a positive bone balance in repeatable increments. One such proposal,
      called the ADFR sequence, involves generating a pulse of increased BMU
      activations. The resorptive and formative activities created by that pulse will
      occur at predictably different periods of time, that is, they will prove
      coherent. By depressing the coherent resorption with a suitable agent during its
      lifetime, and then freeing the skeleton of treatment during the following
      coherent osteoblastic activity one stores an increment of new bone, because the
      ADF sequence causes remodeling BMU to deposit normal amounts of new bone in
      smaller than normal holes. The sequence is repeated as often as needed to add
      further increments. Other manipulations of coherent bone cell populations could
      remove bone or simply alter its turnover speed, as desired. Thus special
      sequences of simple pharmacologic actions, which have no useful ultimate effects
      upon global bone balance when delivered continuously and alone to the incoherent
      skeleton, create a simple new kind of therapy which should (and did) exert
      dramatic (and probably repeatably incrementable) effects in the coherent
      skeleton. The concept of manipulating deliberately induced coherent skeletal
      states for therapeutic purposes would not appear to depend for its success upon
      any one or 2 or even 3 special drugs.

PMID- 389518
TI  - The control of bone induction in soft tissues.
AB  - The induction of bone at the boundary of parenchymal organs has been studied
      using acid demineralized rib implants in rabbits. The induction of bone is
      usually confined to that portion of an implant protruding from such an organ
      though both scant cartilage induction and the induction of bone within the
      territory of parenchymal organs were seen on a few occasions. Neonatal
      splenectomy does not influence the inductive properties of bone matrix in muscle
      or other soft tissues. The inclusion of composite autografts of liver and acid
      demineralized bone in muscle results in a reduction in the induction rate. It is
      postulated that the parenchymal organs exclude osteoprogenitor cells and possibly
      blood-bone bone-marrow-derived osteoinductor releasing cells by some mechanism
      that is diffusable, thus preventing the initial inductive event. Composite grafts
      of matrix and muscle produce bone in these tissue, demonstrating that once bone
      cell differentiation by induction is initiated bone tissue develops even in
      spleen, liver and kidney parenchyma.

PMID- 389519
TI  - The classic. Stiffening of the spine in flexion, a special form of disease.
      Professor V.M. Bechterew.

PMID- 389520
TI  - The anterior cruciate ligament: a technique of repair and reconstruction.
AB  - Both primary repair and late substitution of anterior cruciate ligaments can be
      accomplished by intra-articular methods. This principle is to provide temporary
      struts that are initially avascular but can later undergo revascularization and
      metaplasia to form a new ligament. The graft does afford initial support,
      however. An understanding of anatomic principles, suture placement, freedom of
      graft from impingement, avoidance of acute angular deviation of the graft, solid
      static stability, anatomic attachment points, and blood supply, is absolutely
      essential for success in this field of surgery.

PMID- 389522
TI  - Immunological infertility--management and prognosis.

PMID- 389521
TI  - Immunity to spermatozoa.

PMID- 389523
TI  - Immunological phenomena in pre-eclamptic toxaemia.

PMID- 389524
TI  - Systemic lupus erythematosus and allied disorders in pregnancy.

PMID- 389526
TI  - New approaches to immunological contraception.

PMID- 389525
TI  - Tissue-specific autoimmune diseases in pregnancy.

PMID- 389527
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of haemoperfusion for drug overdose.

PMID- 389530
TI  - Genetic engineering and public concern: the Crookshank Lecture delivered to the
      Royal College of Radiologists in London on 18 May 1979.

PMID- 389531
TI  - Characterization of sodium-transport disorders in disease: different effects upon
      sodium and potassium of changes in the sodium pump and in membrane permeability.

PMID- 389528
TI  - Biliary excretion of drugs in man.
AB  - Biliary excretion is an important route for the elimination of some drugs and
      drug metabolites in man. The factors which determine elimination via the biliary
      tract include characteristics of the drug such as chemical structure, polarity
      and molecular size as well as characteristics of the liver such as specific
      active transport sites within the liver cell membranes. A drug excreted in bile
      may be reabsorbed from the gastrointestinal tract or a drug conjugate may be
      hydrolysed by gut bacteria, liberating original drug which can be returned to the
      general circulation. Enterohepatic circulation may prolong the pharmacological
      effect of certain drugs and drug metabolites, but the quantitative importance of
      this in man appears to be less than in animals. Biliary elimination may play a
      role in the interindividual differences in drug response observed in healthy
      subjects and in patients with certain diseases. Cholestatic disease states, in
      which normal bile flow is reduced, will influence drug elimination by this route
      resulting in increased risk of drug toxicity. Bile may serve as an alternate
      route of elimination in renal failure, but this has not been determined in man.
      Lack of reliable information regarding the biliary excretion of drugs in man is
      partly due to the relative inaccessibility of the human biliary tract. Most
      studies of drug excretion in human bile have been performed in post-surgical
      patients with T-tube drainage. This method of bile collection is not ideal
      because bile flow and composition are often severely altered during the period of
      study, not all bile is collected and enterohepatic circulation is partially
      interrupted. Recent advances in the methods of collection of bile may improve
      future studies of drug excretion in human bile.

PMID- 389529
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide.

PMID- 389533
TI  - Directory of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology.

PMID- 389532
TI  - "Coercive Utopians" disrupt U.S. economy.

PMID- 389534
TI  - LSD.

PMID- 389535
TI  - 1979 roster of universities/colleges offering courses/programs in Toxicology.

PMID- 389536
TI  - The decline of things.

PMID- 389537
TI  - American Association of Poison Control Centers membership list: 1978.

PMID- 389538
TI  - Wildebeest-associated malignant catarrhal fever in Africa: a neoplastic disease
      of cattle caused by an oncogenic herpesvirus?

PMID- 389539
TI  - The herpesvirus of sheep pulmonary adenomatosis.

PMID- 389540
TI  - The founding staff of Hartford Hospital and its legacy.

PMID- 389541
TI  - Medical education at Hartford Hospital: an historical review.

PMID- 389542
TI  - The comparative utility of serum creatine kinase versus serum aldolase in the
      evaluation of muscle disorders.

PMID- 389543
TI  - Reflections from the Dean's office. The cheerful physicians.

PMID- 389545
TI  - Contraception via topical application? - A review.
AB  - The skin, generally speaking, is not an absorption organ but one of its major
      functions is the protection of the body against the entrance of foreign material.
      Under certain circumstances, however, drugs can be introduced into the skin and
      thereby into the body as can be seen in the topical treatment of skin diseases.
      Though percutaneous pharmacokinetics of steroids seem appropriate for
      contraception, the variability of the absorption process appears to be too high
      for this purpose.

PMID- 389544
TI  - Steroid absorption and enterohepatic recycling.
AB  - A short review on steroid absorption and enterohepatic recycling in man with
      special emphasis on contraceptive and related steroids is presented. Some new
      experimental data on the intestinal metabolism of steroids is described and
      includes further observations on the effect of antimicrobial agents on steroid
      hormone metabolism. Evidence is presented that plasma levels of steroids may be
      influenced if the intestinal microflora is altered. Some formation of
      biologically active steroids, like estradiol, may occur in the intestinal tract
      and this may have both biological and pathological consequences and may be
      influenced by such factors as diet and sex. It is concluded that our knowledge of
      the intestinal and especially, the mucosal metabolism of steroids is scanty and
      further studies are needed to clarify the role of the intestine and enterohepatic
      circulation in determining the bioavailability of natural and synthetic steroids.

PMID- 389546
TI  - Suitability of the beagle dog as a test model for the tumorigenic potential of
      contraceptive steroids. "A short review".

PMID- 389548
TI  - The anatomy of transcarboxylase and the role of its subunits.
AB  - Biotin enzymes in general catalyze the fixation of CO2 and in a few instances
      decarboxylations yielding CO2. Transcarboxylase is an exception; it catalyzes the
      transfer of a carboxyl group from one compound to another and CO2 is not
      involved. This enzyme plays an essential role in the formation of propionic acid
      by propionibacteria and its structure and catalytic mechanism have been
      extensively investigated including studies of the quaternary structure by
      electron microscopy. The structure is complex, consisting of three types of
      subunits: (1) a central hexameric subunit, (2) six dimeric outside subunits, and
      (3) twelve biotinyl subunits which bind the outside subunits to the central
      subunit. There are 12 substrate sites on the central subunit (2 per polypeptide)
      and 2 substrate sites on each of the dimeric outside subunits. The carboxyl is
      transferred between these sites via the biotin of the biotinyl subunit. The
      biotinyl subunit (approximately 123 residues) has been completely sequenced and
      it has been shown that the first 42 residues serve in binding the outside
      subunits to the central subunit and the remainder of the sequence is involved in
      placing the biotin between the subunits so that it may serve as the carboxyl
      carrier between the substrate sites on the central and outside subunits. It is
      proposed that the dual sites on the polypeptides of the central subunit have
      arisen as a consequence of gene duplication and fusion. An intriguing question is
      why such a complicated structure is required for catalysis of a rather simple
      reaction.

PMID- 389547
TI  - A position paper on the relation between oral contraceptives and blood
      coagulation.

PMID- 389549
TI  - Noninvasive three-dimensional viewing of the motion and anatomical structure of
      the heart, lungs, and circulatory system by high speed computerized X-ray
      tomography.
AB  - A new generation X-ray computerized tomography system now under construction, the
      Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor (DSR), will record 1680 multiple view X-ray video
      images of the chest or other segments of the body per second. This allows
      com0utation of stop-action and 60-per-second instant replay motion pictures of
      the dynamic three-dimensional changes in shape and dimensions of the full
      anatomic extents of the internal and external surfaces of the heart chambers or
      the vascular anatomy and circulatory dynamics in any region of the body. Current
      commercially available scanners require one or more seconds per cross-sectional
      scan and lack the synchronous volumetric scanning capabilities of the DSR. These
      capabilities allow nondestructive mathematical selection and removal of any
      subvolume of interest from a reconstructed volume. The associated abilities to
      "zoom in" and "section" this subvolume so as to examine its structure and
      physiologic function in detail allow direct visualization of the internal anatomy
      and function of organ systems within the body. These capabilities of "noninvasive
      numerical biopsy" and "vivisection" have heretofore been the preserve of
      pathologists at autopsy or surgeons at the operating table. Possible future
      availability of these techniques to the practicing internist carries promise of
      revolutionary improvements in clinical diagnosis and treatment of the myriad of
      disease processes, including cancer, which may affect the heart, lungs, vascular
      anatomy or circulatory dynamics in any region of the body.

PMID- 389550
TI  - Plasma protein patterns in health and disease.
AB  - The complex nature of protein metabolism has made interpretation of serum protein
      data a difficult task. Interpretive efforts can be facilitated by use of protein
      profiles which consist of quantitative immunochemical data combined with
      qualitative electrophoretic patterns. These profiles can be designed to clarify
      physiological relationships and emphasize pathological conditions through pattern
      recognition. This review will present protein profiles observed in acute,
      subacute, and chronic inflammation: liver diseases, protein losing disorders,
      plasma cell dyscrasias, humoral immune deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, genetic
      deficiency states, and other disorders. The value of consultative interaction and
      the use of combined profiles in the assessment of a patient's protein status will
      be covered. A discussion of protein patterns in normal individuals will include
      data on day-to-day, age- and sex-related variation. A section on management of
      protein data will present various approaches to profile reporting. Graphical
      report formats which minimize the time required for information transfer and
      simplify assimilation of results will be emphasized.

PMID- 389552
TI  - Actinomycosis of the head and neck.
AB  - Actinomycosis has been known to involve virtually every anatomic site in the
      body; those infections involving the head and neck will be reviewed.
      Actinomycosis of the head and neck has many presentations; it may disguise itself
      as a tumor or present as a draining abscess which has failed to reveal an
      infectious agent as its etiology. With more recent attention directed toward the
      detection of anaerobic organisms especially in the cervicofacial region, this
      diagnosis is being made more frequently. In this review, a discussion of the
      bacteriology of Actinomyces, including a review of its taxonomy, morphology,
      growth requirements, and biochemistry, will be presented. Recommendations are
      made to clinicians and laboratory personnel who handle such specimens in order
      that they might obtain maximum information. In addition, infections which mimic
      or accompany actinomycosis will be reviewed. The diagnosis and management of this
      infection, including the physical exam, X-ray and laboratory tests, and
      collection and handling of specimens, as well as the surgical and antibiotic
      therapy will be discussed in depth. The variety of clinical presentations with
      their differential diagnosis is used to illustrate the complexity of this
      disease.

PMID- 389551
TI  - Lipoprotein-X.
AB  - Lipoprotein-X is an abnormal lipoprotein that appears in the sera of patients
      with obstructive jaundice, and thus is a sensitive indicator of cholestasis. In
      patients with familial plasma lecithin, Cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)
      deficiency, there is an inverse relationship between plasma Lp-X levels and LCAT
      activity. Ultracentrifugation procedures utilized for isolation of Lp-X have
      shown that it is associated with the low density lipoprotein fraction. Lp-X can
      be visualized by electrophoresis on either Agar or Agarose. The purity of Lp-X
      preparations has been documented by immunochemical procedures. The availability
      of highly purified antisera to Lp-X has served as a basis of one of the assay
      procedures for this lipoprotein. It's chemical composition has been established.
      Phospholipids and unesterified cholesterol constitute the bulk of the Lp-X
      molecule. Electron microscopic studies have demonstrated that Lp-X is a spherical
      particle which has strong aggregating properties. Membrane bound enzymes have
      been shown to aggregate with Lp-X. The fact that bile lipoprotein can be
      converted to Lp-X by the addition of albumin and that Lp-X can be converted to
      bile lipoprotein by the addition of bile salts offers a possible explanation for
      the origins of Lp-X. Phospholipases of plasma might play a role in the catabolism
      of Lp-X. The value and limitations of Lp-X determinations will also be addressed
      in this review.

PMID- 389553
TI  - Screening tests for cell-mediated immunodeficiency diseases.
AB  - As our knowledge of immunology has become more sophisticated we have had to alter
      our ideas of the etiology of many immune deficiency diseases. Indeed, current
      concepts now prevalent have led to reclassification of a number of disease
      entities. In order to keep our diagnostic efforts abreast of the information
      being generated by the extensive immunology research programs now in progress,
      the clinical laboratory has been required to offer a new array of sophisticated
      tests on a relatively routine basis. This article is intended to serve as a brief
      review of immunobiology and immunodeficiency diseases with an indepth coverage of
      specialized tests generally available at the large centers. With an understanding
      of the principles, procedures, and pitfalls of the tests carried out the
      laboratory scientist is in a better position to assist the clinician in reaching
      the correct diagnosis. The detailed review is concerned with methods available to
      separate, classify, and subclassify lymphocytes and thereby allow a
      categorization of immune deficiency diseases. Toward that end there is a
      discussion of surface markers, rosetting, mitogenic and antigenic responsiveness
      as well as lymphokine production. With a view to present day research tests that
      might eventually find their way into the armamentarium of the clinical laboratory
      in the future, there is brief discussion of the methods presently used to
      classify T-cells as helper, suppressor, or effector cells, assays of some of the
      lymphokines, and measurement of antibody synthesis in cell culture.

PMID- 389554
TI  - Herbert Shubin Memorial Lecture. Right and left ventricular geometry: adjustments
      during acute respiratory failure.

PMID- 389555
TI  - Pulmonary interstitial gas: first sign of barotrauma due to PEEP therapy.
AB  - Radiographic identification of pulmonary interstitial gas is a prime indicator of
      possible further complications in patients treated with PEEP therapy for severe
      respiratory failure. Records and chest radiographs of 89 adult patients treated
      with PEEP in a 40-month period were reviewed. Data of 7 were incomplete, 82 cases
      were analyzed. Of 17 patients who developed interstitial gas, 9 progressed to
      further barotrauma complications of pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and
      extrathoracic dissection. Interstitial gas is manifested radiographically by
      vesicular rarefactions (cystic changes), linear streaks along the bronchi and
      vessels, halos of gas around vessels, and subpleural gas.

PMID- 389556
TI  - Pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum during pediatric mechanical ventilation.
AB  - The incidence of pulmonary barotrauma during mechanical ventilation in children
      beyond the neonatal age group was studied in two groups of patients. In the first
      group, 179 cases of pediatric mechanical ventilation for over 12 hours were
      retrospectively analyzed for the occurrence of pneumothorax and
      pneumomediastrinum. Eleven percent (6 of 57) of young infants (0--6 months)
      without hyaline membrane disease and 3% (4 of 122) of older infants and children
      (over 6 months) developed these complications. Pulmonary barotrauma in young
      infants occurred only after cardiothoracic surgery and involved the same site as
      the intraoperative repair in all cases. Pulmonary barotrauma in older infants and
      children occurred in patients with severe respiratory disease requiring high peak
      airway pressures, PEEP, and respiratory rates. In the second group, the incidence
      of pulmonary barotrauma during ventilation with PEEP greater than or equal to 15
      cm H2O was analyzed in 14 patients including 4 patients from the previous group.
      Overall, 64% (9 of 14) of this group developed pulmonary barotrauma and 43% (6 of
      14) developed pneumothorax. Of 9 patients receiving PEEP greater than or equal to
      15 cm H2O for longer than 24 hours, 6 developed pulmonary barotrauma after the
      first 24 hours. The incidence of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in ventilated
      infants without hyaline membrane disease and children is comparable to adult
      series.

PMID- 389557
TI  - Use of positive airway pressure without endotracheal intubation.
AB  - Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and expiratory positive airway
      pressure (E-PAP) may be used safely without endotracheal intubation in patients
      with acute respiratory failure when strict selection criteria are adhered to. The
      therapy should be titrated to reduce intrapulmonary shunting, improve PaO2, and
      reduce FIO2. Other considerations include balancing oxygen consumption against
      cardiac output and oxygen transport. Absolute or relative indications for
      abandoning the technique and using endotracheal intubation with mechanical
      ventilatory support include unrelenting hypoxia, patient exhaustion, rising
      PaCO2, development of metabolic acidosis, presence of ventricular arrhythmias,
      and inability to protect the airway.

PMID- 389558
TI  - Roentgenological appearance of lesions of the larynx.

PMID- 389559
TI  - Radiologic demonstration of anomalous pulmonary venous connection and its
      clinical significance.
AB  - 1. As surgical techniques continue to improve, early diagnosis and early surgical
      intervention of APVCs become increasingly important. 2. For a thorough
      understanding of APVCs, normal development of the pulmonary veins and the
      embryological basis of these anomalies are briefly reviewed. 3. Radiologic signs
      and clinical implications of varying types of APVCs are illustrated. 4. TAPVCs
      are less frequent, but clinically more significant, than PAPVCs. 5. The
      symptomatology of TAPVC is directly related to (1) the degree of pulmonary venous
      obstruction, (2) the severity of CHF secondary to volume overload, and (3) the
      magnitude of pulmonary hypertension. Patients with PAPVC become symptomatic only
      when the left to right shunt is greater than 50%9 6. TAPVC to the LVV produces a
      pretracheal density on the lateral view prior to the appearance of snowman
      configuration on the postero-anterior view. TAPVC to the PV shows a combination
      of severe pulmonary edema and a normal-sized heart. 7. PAPVC may be diagnosed by
      visualization of the anomalous vein(s) in addition to the usual signs of an ASD
      (increased pulmonary blood flow plus right-sided cardiomegaly). 8. PAPVC is
      usually associated with an ASD. Scimitar syndrome is an exception to the rule. 9.
      The surgical repair of TAPV without obstruction is generally relatively simple
      because of the strong tendency for all of the pulmonary veins to converage into a
      common chamger. Emergency operation is the only hope for patients with TAPVC with
      obstruction. 10. The surgical treatment of PAPVC consists of reconstruction of
      the atrial septum; thus, the anomalous veins can be diverted into the left
      atrium. 11. Surgical correction of PAPVC prevents detrimental resection of the
      lung with normal pulmonary venous connection.

PMID- 389560
TI  - Angiographic diagnosis and control of postoperative bleeding.
AB  - The use of diagnostic and therapeutic angiography for postoperative bleeding
      which began with its application for bleeding following GI surgery can be
      ezpanded to almost all other areas of the body. Severe postoperative hemorrhage
      that previously required a second operation can now be successfully managed by
      the use of intraarterial or intravenous vasoconstrictors or transcatheter
      occlusion, thus significantly reducing patient morbidity and mortality. In those
      patients where a reexploration becomes necessary, diagnostic angiogarphy is a
      useful guide and helps to tailor the operative procedures.

PMID- 389561
TI  - Proper choice of contrast agents in emergency gastrointestinal radiology.

PMID- 389562
TI  - Determination of vitamin D in foods: a review.
AB  - Determining vitamin D content in foods is difficult because in natural foods of
      highest vitamin D activity, and even in vitamin D-fortified foods, only small
      quantities are present, and many other compounds are extracted along with vitamin
      D that cause difficulties in purifying the extract or in the spectrophotometry or
      colorimetry that follows. Several physicochemical methods--such as
      spectrophotometric, colorimetric, thin-layer chromatographic, adsorption,
      partition, gas-liquid, and high-performance column chromatographic--have been
      tried for assay foods for vitamin D, but none of them have been accepted for
      official or routine use; they are time consuming and expensive, or lack the
      required sensitivity, precision, or accuracy. Curative biological assays, based
      on degree of healing of a leg bone of rats previously made rachitic, is the
      generally accepted method to determine vitamin D content of foods. However, that
      method also requires too much time and is expensive. The recently developed high
      performance liquid chromatographic method may offer the most for establishing a
      satisfactory physicochemical method for determining vitamin D in foods. Many of
      the difficulties and problems in assaying foods for vitamin D are discussed.

PMID- 389563
TI  - Flavor composition of wines: a review.
AB  - The formation of flavor in fermented beverages is due to various biosynthetic
      mechanisms. In wine, flavors arise as the result of compounds: 1. Originating
      from the native fruit (grap) 2. Which are formed or altered during the various
      processes employed in production 3. Which are developed or transformed by yeast
      during fermentation 4. Arise during the aging process In this review the results
      of investigations on the development of flavors in grape and wine will be
      discussed. Special attention will be devoted to the effects of specific processes
      in winemaking on the development of flavor.

PMID- 389565
TI  - Mutagenic factors in cooked foods.
AB  - The charred surface of fish and beef showed strong mutagenic activity in
      Salmonella typhimurium test strains when activated by S-9 mix of rat liver. The
      pyrolysis products of proteins and amino acids were also highly mutagenic. Among
      the pyrolysis products of amino acids, those of tryptophan, serine, and glutamic
      acid were most active. The new gamma-carboline derivatives, 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl
      5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole and 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole, were purified
      from the pyrolysis products of tryptophan. These new compounds were stronger
      mutagens than aflatoxin B1 towards S. typhimurium TA98, a frameshift type mutant,
      and they also transformed cryopreserved Syrian hamster embryo cells in vitro.
      Tryptophan pyrolysate also contained the beta-carboline derivatives, norharman
      and harman, which are not mutagenic alone, but act as comutagens. A mixture of
      norharman or harman and nonmutagenic aniline or o-toluidine was strongly
      mutagenic. The mutagenicities of charred products of other foods, such as seaweed
      and garlic, are reviewed in this article. Flavonoids, such as kaempferol and
      quercetin, and glycosides of these flavonoles were mutagenic. The mutagenicity of
      cooked vegetables depends partly on these flavonoid derivatives. The already
      known existence of benzol[a]pyrene and nitroso compounds in cooked food is also
      reviewed.

PMID- 389564
TI  - The effects of malnutrition on secretory and cellular immune processes.
AB  - About 15 million children under 5 years of age die each year due to suppressed
      immunity and the resulting increased infection. In severely malnourished children
      and animals some immune systems such as T-cell function, secretory IgA and
      complement are significantly suppressed. Other systems, such as the serum IgG or
      IgA, are normal or even elevated. Some of these changes are apparently caused by
      nutritional stress while others may be due to stimulation by increased incidence
      of infection and antigen load. On the other hand, marginal malnutrition
      stimulates increased phagocytosis and T-cell function with increased immunity to
      cancer but decreased resistance to certain microbial agents. The mechanisms of
      immune suppression by malnutrition, persistence of these effects after
      renutrition, and the effect of maternal malnutrition on newborn immunity are
      critically reviewed. Possible non-nutritional means of rapid immunological
      restoration of malnourished children are described.

PMID- 389566
TI  - Macrophage polykarya.
AB  - Multinucleated giant cells are commonly found in a wide variety of inflammatory
      reactions. They are formed at sites of tissue injury by fusion of freshly exuded
      monocytes, the rate of fusion being dependent on a range of extracellular and
      intracellular factors. Electron miscroscopy shows that the pooled components of
      the fused monocytes are not randomly dispersed in the syncytium, but are highly
      reorganized into a functioning unit. In addition, histochemical and biochemical
      profiles of cell populations containing these polykarya display a range of
      metabolic activities, including DNA synthesis, which, on occasions, is followed
      by successful mitotic division and the formation of polyploid daughter cells.
      Fusion results in the loss of some surface receptors which in turn interferes
      with the phagocytic performance of polykarya, which is generally less pronounced
      than their mononuclear precurses. In addition, polykarya are not as actively
      motile as macrophages although phenomena of contact inhibition are less obvious.
      On the other hand, the multinucleate giant cells display prominent exocytosis
      which may aid in the degradation of extracellular material. The properties of
      macrophage polykarya contrast with macrophage homokarya produced in vitro. The
      latter are actively phagocytic, do not synthesize DNA, and have a longer half
      life than the syncytia produced in chronic inflammatory reactions. It may well be
      that the polykarya in such reactions are not true homokarya.

PMID- 389567
TI  - Behavioral, neurological, and toxic effects of methyl chloride: a review of the
      literature.
AB  - A large number of reports have been devoted to the physiologic and toxic effects
      of methyl chloride, many of which are based on case histories involving
      occupational exposure. The detrimental actions of methyl chloride on the central
      and peripheral nervous systems are well established effects. It is a moderately
      severe narcotic and potentially severe nerve poison. Chronic intoxication is
      associated with damage to the central nervous system (CNS), kidneys, liver, bone
      marrow, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, and intestinal tract. The
      signs and symptoms range from the more severe medical dysfunctions such as
      cardiac irregularities, respiratory paralysis, nerve degeneration, and severe
      convulsions to the more subtle clinical observations such as CNS depression,
      nervousness and emotional instability, insomnia and anorexia, ataxia, blurred
      vision, light-headedness, nausea, dizziness, narcosis, and disorientation. The
      behavioral correlates of these and other neurotoxic effects of methyl chloride
      suggest that a gradual behavioral degradation occurs. Pharmacodynamic studies
      have shown the compound to be rapidly absorbed by the blood with most authors
      attributing the toxicity to an enzyme-catalyzed methylation reaction in the body.
      Despite the fact that several investigators have attempted to correlate such
      biological responses of methyl chloride with its toxicity, the present knowledge
      of the problem still lacks a detailed mechanism of action. Until such mechanisms
      are verified, adequate methods to assess subclinical neurological and behavioral
      changes must be effectively developed.

PMID- 389568
TI  - Ultrastructural localization and in situ analysis of iron, bismuth, and gold
      inclusions.
AB  - The purpose of this article is to review ultrastructural and electron probe X-ray
      analytical studies on metallic deposits in cells. The metals that will be dealt
      with are iron, bismuth, and gold, mainly because they have been extensively
      studied in recent years. The nature and chemical composition of endogenously
      (e.g., from breakdown of autologous blood) and exogenously (e.g., after a
      transfusion or injection of iron compounds) produced hemosiderin (i.e., iron
      deposits) has been the subject of time-hallowed controversies. Quite a few of
      these have now been resolved by ultrastructural studies and the atomic
      composition of such deposits has been determined by electron probe X-ray
      analysis. The interest in bismuth centers around the fact that this is one of the
      two metals (the other being lead) that produces quite large intranuclear
      inclusions. Here again much has been learned by ultrastructural and X-ray
      analytical studies. The interest in gold stems from the fact that soluble salts
      of this metal are used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and current
      studies with the above-mentioned techniques indicates how gold produces its
      beneficial and toxic effects.

PMID- 389569
TI  - Hypervitaminosis A induced teratogenesis.
AB  - In the past decade, the toxicology of reproduction has become increasingly
      important. This branch of toxicology focuses on mutagenic and embryotoxic
      effects. The study of embryotoxicity requires an extensive knowledge of the
      interaction of drugs and embryonic tissues, normal and abnormal developmental
      processes, and the susceptible stages during prenatal development.
      Hypervitaminosis A is one of the most extensively studied teratogens. It produces
      defects in almost all organ systems. Therefore, this article will first of all
      review the vitamin A-induced malformations in several organ systems. Moreover, it
      will discuss their morphogenesis and the susceptible developmental stages. Thus,
      the first ten chapters will cover the following subjects: malformations of the
      nervous system, ocular malformations, malformations of the ear, craniofacial
      malformations, cleft palate, defects of the circulatory system, defects of the
      respiratory systems, defects of the digestive tract, urogenital defects, skeletal
      malformations, and abnormal postnatal development. Since in general little is
      known about the mechanisms involved in the induction of congenital defects, we
      think it is of great value to review the knowledge and experience that have been
      gathered by the experimental work with hypervitaminosis A. Therefore, the next
      chapters will discuss the following subjects: teratogenic effects in different
      species, minimum effective dose, interaction with other agents, influence of
      chemical form, solvent, and route of administration, pathophysiology of vitamin A
      embryotoxicity, and hypervitaminosis A and human pregnancy.

PMID- 389570
TI  - The detection and diagnosis of early occult and minimal breast cancer.
AB  - This article has attempted to describe the present status of efforts toward
      routine detection of breast cancer at a stage when it is readily curable and to
      point out, not only the potentials of screening programs, but also the problems
      and difficulties that beset them. We believe that efficient, safe screening and
      accurate early diagnosis are achievable and that trial directed toward this end
      should not only continue but expand. We see no other avenue that offers as bright
      a prospect for a meaningful reduction in breast cancer mortality and the
      monstrous toll--medical, emotional, sociologic and monetary--it exacts.

PMID- 389571
TI  - Creatine kinase MB isoenzyme in the evaluation of myocardial infarction.
AB  - The measurement of serum CK-MB isoenzyme is a very sensitive and specific
      indication of myocardial injury since only myocardium has substantial amounts of
      CK-MB. Serum CK-MB levels are most helpful clinically when the total creatine
      kinase is nonspecifically elevated, as with intramuscular injections, cardiac
      catheterization, stroke, noncardiac surgery and electric cardioversion.
      Elevations of serum CK-MB occurring in Duchenne's muscular dystrophy and other
      neuromuscular disorders may be due to the presence of abnormal regenerative
      skeletal muscle fibers, which are known to contain large amounts of CK-MB
      isoenzyme. These examples emphasize that under normal, nonregenerative
      conditions, elevations of serum CK-MB are rare in the absence of myocardial
      injury.

PMID- 389572
TI  - [Bone graft after partial resection of the mandible for neoplasms].

PMID- 389573
TI  - [College of surgeons in Torun in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries].

PMID- 389574
TI  - [In memory of dentist Jadwiga Zorawska-Tyszynska].

PMID- 389575
TI  - Maximum volume IPPB for the management of pulmonary atelectasis.

PMID- 389576
TI  - Malignant group B streptococcal endocarditis associated with saline-induced
      abortion.
AB  - A 20-year-old woman developed acute group B streptococcal endocarditis following
      saline-induced abortion. In the pre-antibiotic era, most cases of group B
      streptococcal endocarditis occurred in parturient or postabortal women.
      Currently, this disease is rarely described in obstetrical patients, and no
      previous cases following saline-induced abortion have been reported. Purulent
      pericarditis and a perivalvular abscess were present in our patient and represent
      only the second instance in which these findings have been documented in this
      disease.

PMID- 389577
TI  - Invasive aspergillosis presenting as pericarditis and cardiac tamponade.
AB  - A 38-year-old leukemic patient developed pericarditis and cardiac tamponade due
      to Aspergillus niger one month after undergoing bone marrow transplantation. She
      failed to improve even though amphotericin B and rifampin therapy had been
      initiated before infection was evident. Her unique case illustrates both the
      unusual presentations of invasive aspergillosis and the difficulty of diagnosing
      and treating this increasingly common disease.

PMID- 389578
TI  - Legionnaires' disease.

PMID- 389579
TI  - Containment of tuberculosis. Preventive therapy with isoniazid, and contact
      investigation.

PMID- 389580
TI  - [Use of autologus fibular transplant in various surgical operations].

PMID- 389582
TI  - [Traumatic cartilage lesions in the knee joint].

PMID- 389581
TI  - [Biomechanical and biochemical bases for the formation of a posttraumatic
      arthrosis].

PMID- 389583
TI  - [Arthroscopic diagnosis of posttraumatic knee joint injury].

PMID- 389584
TI  - [Clinical use and comparative study of Ulmer drainage and of the usual Redon
      tissue drainage].
AB  - After discussing the shortcomings of the usual Redon drainages and the
      description of our own technique of vacuum-tissue suction drainage, there follows
      a report about a comparative examination between Redon drainages and the new
      'Ulmer drainage'. Up to now the superiority of the Ulmer drainage was proven only
      by calculation and experiment, now this fact can be fully confirmed by a
      succession of clinical examinations. By inserting both types of drainages in one
      surgical wound, the Ulmer drainage delivered on the first day 1.5 times; on the
      second and third day, almost 2.5 times the amount of secretion compared with the
      usual Redon drainage.

PMID- 389585
TI  - Biochemical studies of transient intermediates in relation to chemical
      carcinogenesis.
AB  - Many chemical carcinogens must be metabolized to chemically reactive transient
      species before they can exert their full toxic action on mammalian cells. In
      general, this metabolic activation is performed by NADPH-dependent enzymes in the
      endoplasmic reticulum; the NADPH-cytochrome P-450 electron-transport chain is
      very important in this respect. Biochemical studies on the chemical reactivities
      of such transient intermediates require the application of various fast-reaction
      and free-radical techniques: the use of such techniques is illustrated by
      reference to the metabolism of carbon tetrachloride. CCl4 is metabolized by liver
      endoplasmic reticulum in the presence of NADPH to a highly reactive product,
      probably CCl3; this activation of CCl4 results in covalent binding of CCl3 and
      lipid peroxidation. The steady-state concentration of CCl3 is too low to be
      measured directly by e.s.r. spectroscopy but radical species can be accumulated
      with spin-trap techniques. The CCl3 radical can be generated by pulse radiolysis
      and the ensuing reactions with biologically important neighbouring species can be
      followed in the microsecond range by kinetic spectroscopy. The results point to
      the high reactivity of CCl3 and its restriction to a microenvironment within the
      endoplasmic reticulum. Highly reactive electrophilic radicals (e.g. CCl3) can
      initiate lipid peroxidation in biomembranes and this is associated with changes
      in polyunsaturated fatty acids and in membrane fluidity. The results are
      discussed in relation to carcinogen activation, to free-radical-mediated
      reactions in biomembranes, and to the general thesis that the production of
      reactive aldehydes by lipid peroxidation may act as a 'coarse control' of cell
      division.

PMID- 389586
TI  - G-cell population in antral mucosa of the dog.
AB  - The gastrin-cell (G-cell) population in the pyloric antrum of 8 dogs was studied
      quantitatively by immunofluorescence. The G-cell population was dense in the
      pyloric antrum and very few cells were seen in the antrocorporal junction. The
      estimated total number of G cells was (1.66 +/- 0.12) X 10(7) in the pyloric
      antrum and the greatest number of G cells per unit mucosal surface area was along
      the greater curvature of the pyloric antrum. Except along the greater curvature,
      G cells per unit musocal volume were significantly greater in number (P less than
      0.05) in the proximal antrum adjacent to the antrocorporal junction that in any
      other regions distal to it. Differences in mucosal thickness were considered as a
      causative factor for these differences.

PMID- 389587
TI  - Sexual problems in diabetes mellitus: psychological aspects.

PMID- 389588
TI  - Gastrointestinal manifestations of diabetes mellitus.
AB  - This review briefly outlines the gastrointestinal manifestations of diabetes
      mellitus. Usually, gastrointestinal abnormalities are asymptomatic. Severe
      gastrointestinal dysfunction may be quite debilitating, however. Gastrointestinal
      symptoms that are a consequence of diabetes may be confused with other primary
      gastrointestinal disorders. We attempt to provide a clinical approach to
      differentiating the basis of symptoms and outline the therapeutic plan that we
      generally employ. Much additional research is necessary to clarify our
      understanding of the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal complications of
      diabetes and to develop improved therapeutic strategies.

PMID- 389589
TI  - [Ribosomal location of the functionally important SH-group of elongation factor
      G].

PMID- 389591
TI  - [Enzyme activity of macrocolonies of small intestine epitheliocytes].

PMID- 389590
TI  - [Rearrangements in recombinant plasmids affecting their expression in Escherichia
      coli K-12].

PMID- 389592
TI  - [Molecular cloning of the determinant of Escherichia coli's hemolytic activity].

PMID- 389593
TI  - [Synthesis of the leucine-enkephalin gene, its cloning and expression in
      Escherichia coli].

PMID- 389594
TI  - [Electron microscopic localization of Escherichia coli RNA-polymerase
      transcription initiation and seating on circular molecules of rat mitochondrial
      DNA].

PMID- 389595
TI  - [Defect in postreplication DNA repair following UV irradiation of a
      thermosensitive mutant of Escherichia coli dnaZ].

PMID- 389596
TI  - [A case of legionnaire's disease in Germany (author's transl)].
AB  - Severe bronchopneumonia in a 66-year-old patient failed to respond to sensitivity
      tested antibiotics, with only erythromycin providing improvement. The indirect
      immunofluorescence test for legionnaire's disease gave a highly significant titre
      rise (eightfold). Legionnaire's disease should be considered in the differential
      diagnosis of treatment-resistant bronchopneumonia.

PMID- 389597
TI  - [Immune-haematological diagnosis of neonatal immunothrombocytopenia (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The diagnosis of immunologically caused platelet deficiencies in newborn infants
      requires use of methods permitting demonstration of platelet auto- and allo
      zntibodies, complete and incomplete antibodies. Taking the well known
      differentiation of neonatal immunothrombocytopenias into auto- and allo-immune
      diseases as a basis, the immune-haematological findings in eight cases are
      reported. For the first time two cases are reported in which both idiopathic
      thrombocytopenic purpura of the mother was known and allo-immunisation against
      paternal HLA antigens of the child could be demonstrated.

PMID- 389598
TI  - [Prostatic carcinoma. Actual viewpoints of systematized radiologic diagnosis].

PMID- 389599
TI  - [Aminoglycosides and cephalosporins--increased kidney toxicity?].

PMID- 389600
TI  - Glipizide: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use.
AB  - Glipizide is a 'second generation' oral hypoglycaemic agent similar in potency to
      glibenclamide. It is completely absorbed after oral administration and has a
      rapid onset of action, but the duration of its hypoglycaemic effect is shorter
      than that of glibenclamide. It is rapidly metabolised to inactive metabolites
      which are excreted in the urine. Therapeutic trials have shown the efficacy of
      glipizide in maturity onset diabetes mellitus to be comparable with that of
      glibenclamide and chlorpropamide in newly diagnosed patients unresponsive to diet
      as well as in patients previously treated with oral hypoglycaemic drugs.
      Glipizide is well tolerated, but careful adjustment of dosage and attention to
      diet may be needed to avoid hypoglycaemic symptoms a few hours after a single
      daily dose.

PMID- 389602
TI  - A study on the effect of different impression techniques on constancy of occlusal
      vertical dimension.

PMID- 389603
TI  - Proximal plaque accumulation with two minor connector designs.

PMID- 389601
TI  - Drug-induced renal disease.
AB  - The clinical manifestations of drug-induced renal disease may include all the
      manifestations attributed to natural or spontaneous renal diseases such as acute
      renal failure, chronic renal failure, acute nephritic syndrome, renal colic,
      haematuria, selective tubular defects, obstructive nephropathy, etc. It is
      therefore vital in any patient with renal disease whatever the clinical
      manifestations might be, to obtain a meticulous drug and toxin inventory.
      Withdrawal of the offending drug may result in amelioration or cure of the renal
      disorder although in the case of severe renal failure it may be necessary to
      utilise haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis to tide the patient over the period
      of acute renal failure. Analgesic nephropathy is an important cause of terminal
      chronic renal failure and it is therefore vital to make the diagnosis as early as
      possible. The pathogenesis of some drug-induced renal disorders appears to be
      immunologically mediated. There are many other pathogenetic mechanisms involved
      in drug-induced renal disorders and some drugs may under appropriate
      circumstances be responsible for a variety of different nephrotoxic effects. For
      example, the sulphonamides have been incriminated in examples of crystalluria,
      acute interstitial nephritis, acute tubular necrosis, generalised
      hypersensitivity reactions, polyarteritis nodosa and drug-induced lupus
      erythematosus.

PMID- 389605
TI  - Observations on mandibular growth and surgical implications.

PMID- 389604
TI  - The effect of removal of the mandibular condyle.

PMID- 389606
TI  - An investigation on the effect of Langerhans islets on dental caries and oral
      flora in the rat.

PMID- 389607
TI  - Effect of acid etching on three base cements.

PMID- 389608
TI  - The manipulative variables of polymer-ceramic composite restorative materials.

PMID- 389609
TI  - Surgical correction of mandibular underdevelopment.

PMID- 389610
TI  - Effect of gonads on oral flora and dental caries in albino rats.

PMID- 389611
TI  - Cytotoxic effects of cyclophosphamide on the gingiva: an experimental study.

PMID- 389612
TI  - Bond strength of re-applied composite resin to enamel surface re-etched with
      three different acid etchants.

PMID- 389613
TI  - [Temperature and reaction heat of elastomer casting materials].
AB  - Cross linking of the elastomer cast material is an exothermic process. The heat
      of reaction may produce temperature increases of several degrees centigrade in
      the thermically insolated samples. The heat of reaction per volume was measured;
      polysulfide and polyether values are approximately 10 times higher than those for
      silicone.

PMID- 389614
TI  - [Change of the pier distance in saw models dependent on the setting expansion of
      the base cast].
AB  - Saw models of Duroc were constructed from a cast made over a Siccoform model.
      Various base casts were used. Compared with the original cast, the pier interval
      was reduced in all models. The dies were slightly tilted toward each other; the
      degree of tilting increased in direct proportion to the setting expansion of the
      base cast.

PMID- 389615
TI  - [Prosthetic aspects in the planning of progenia operations].
AB  - Operative planning for progenia is carried out using prosthetic principles.
      Correction of a malpositioned mandible, modelling of incongruent dental arches,
      functional distribution of piers, and a favorable interalveolar connecting line
      form the basis for stable occlusion and articulation. The fitting of a prosthesis
      later is simplified by such intensive interdisciplinary cooperation.

PMID- 389616
TI  - The fate of fertilized ova in rats receiving luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone (LRH).
AB  - The development and eventual fate of unimplanted fertilized ova in rats receiving
      pregnancy-inhibiting doses of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) were
      studied during the first 14 days of gestation. The results suggest that LRH
      accelerates passage of ova through the oviducts. Also, the zona pellucida of
      treated animals is retained by the majority of ova until day 7; zona-encased ova
      were observed as late as day 10. Elimination of the ova appears to occur by
      expulsion with uterine fluids through the vagina upon the animals' return to
      estrus.

PMID- 389618
TI  - Studies on (pro)insulin biosynthesis and secretion of pancreatic islets of sand
      rats (Psammomys obesus) after different feeding conditions.
AB  - It was possible to induce different metabolic states in sand rats of our breeding
      colony or in newly caught Egyptian sand rats, respectively, by feeding a pellet
      diet or vegetable diet (green cabbage). Newly captured sand rats fed only on
      native food were used as reference group (group C). Plasma IRI-level and glucose
      in vivo and [3H]-leucine incorporation into proinsulin and insulin, insulin
      secretion and insulin content in vitro were investigated. Sand rats fed on pellet
      chow and ad libitum (group B) developed a hyperinsulinism and showed higher
      sensitivity of [3H]-leucine incorporation into proinsulin and insulin to glucose
      (maximal stimulation at 3 mM) and increased incorporation rates in vitro.
      Restriction of pellet food to 35-40 kcal/animal/day (group A) lead to changes of
      all parameters, which were investigated in the same direction as in group B, but
      to a much smaller extent. Newly captured sand rats, which were fed green cabbage
      for 4 to 6 weeks divided into two groups: One group (group D1) was comparable to
      the normal group (C) in IRI levels, glucose levels, glucose sensitivity and
      amount of [3H]-leucine incorporation. The other group (group D2) tended to group
      A. Marked changes in insulin content and insulin secretion of isolated pancreatic
      islets could not be found in any group.

PMID- 389617
TI  - Regulation of epididymal function and sperm maturation--endocrine approach to
      fertility control in male.
AB  - The structural and functional integrity of the epididymis, the acquisition of
      fertilizing ability by spermatozoa and their viability within the epididymis are
      androgen dependent phenomena. Although the precise mechanism by which sperm
      maturation and viability in the epididymis are brought about by androgen are not
      clearly understood, it is generally held that specific epididymal secretions
      produced under the influence of androgen affect these events. Though the
      spermatozoa appear to remain viable in a low androgen environment, sperm
      maturation requires a relatively high androgen environment. Against this
      background the potentiality of antiandrogens as extragonadal antifertility agents
      has been discussed. Studies with steroidal and nonsteroidal antiandrogens have
      revealed that in adult animals the secretory activity of the epididymis, as
      evidenced by the level of glycerylphosphorylcholine, either remains unaffected or
      is stimulated under their influence. These studies have further indicated that
      the extragonadal antifertility action of antiandrogens will depend upon their
      ability to (1) lower the testicular androgen synthesis and/or androgen binding
      protein, which possibly serves as a carrier of androgen from the testis to
      epididymis; (2) to lower local androgen synthesis as a result of reduced levels
      of circulating androgen, and (3) to inhibit 5 alpha-reduction of testosterone to
      dihydrotestosterone and/or to inhibit androgen binding to receptors. Success in
      the rational development of new antifertility agents for male which will act by
      controlling epididymal function will depend upon a clear understanding of the
      factors that regulate epididymal secretion and the role of epididymal secretions
      in sperm maturation and survival.

PMID- 389619
TI  - [Fleming and penicillin].

PMID- 389620
TI  - Consequences of the AF-2 incident in Japan.
AB  - The discovery of the potent mutagenicity of AF-2, which was once used in Japan as
      a food preservative, has exerted a great influence not only on screening
      procedures for carcinogenic compounds but also on legislative approaches to
      mutagenic substances. It promoted the synthesis of exceedingly sensitive and
      reliable tester strains in Salmonella and supported the hypothesis of a common
      mechanism between mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Thus preliminary screening
      for carcinogenic substances has become feasible using mutagenicity as an index.
      It also contributed greatly to the formulation of legislative measures for
      chemical substances which for the first time gave due attention to mutagenicity.
      Furthermore, the exposure of a large population to such a potent mutagen raised a
      question as to what extent the genetic constitution of the Japanese population
      might have been damaged. This suggested that urgent need for a system to monitor
      the total genetic damage to a human genome.

PMID- 389621
TI  - Historical background to the asbestos problem.

PMID- 389622
TI  - Mitogen stimulation of lymphocytes in CBA mice exposed to lead and cadmium.

PMID- 389623
TI  - Arrangement of proteins O-8 and O-9 in outer membrane of Escherichia coli K-12.
      Existence of homotrimers and heterotrimers.
AB  - 1. The molecular arrangement of major outer membrane proteins O-8 and O-9 that
      exist as trimers has been studied by means of cross-linking with
      dimethylsuberimidate. 2. The cross-linked samples were examined on a urea/sodium
      dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel which was developed to separate cross-linked
      trimer and dimer of O-8 from those of O-9. 3. Cells simultaneously synthesizing
      both O-8 and O-9 formed heterotrimers (trimers containing both proteins) as well
      as homotrimers. 4. Quantitative analyses revealed that there was no
      discrimination between O-8 and O-9 in the assembly process to form trimers. 5.
      When cells were grown sequentially under two different sets of conditions so that
      the cells synthesized either one of the two proteins in the first stage and the
      other in the second stage of growth, no heterotrimers were formed. This result
      indicates that subunit exchange did not take place between trimers which had been
      incorporated into the outer membrane.

PMID- 389625
TI  - Purification and some properties of deoxyribonuclease whose synthesis is
      controlled by gene 49 of bacteriophage T4.
AB  - An enzyme which specifically cleaves very-fast-sedimenting DNA of bacteriophage
      T4 is synthesized after infection of T4, and its synthesis is controlled by gene
      49 [1,2]. This enzyme has been proved to be a DNase [2]. We have purified this
      DNase 3000-fold from extracts of E. coli infected with T4. The purified
      preparation was practically free from other DNases, and the DNase activity was
      not detectable in cells infected with a mutant defective in gene 49. The enzyme
      activity from cells infected with a temperature-sensitive mutant of gene 49 was
      also temperature-sensitive, suggesting strongly that gene 49 is a structural gene
      of the DNase. The molecular weight of the wild-type enzyme was estimated to be 50
      x 10(3) by gel filtration chromatography. The purified DNase did not cleave
      native and denatured DNAs of T3 and T4, but cleaved renatured T3 DNA with
      enzymatically fragmented T3 DNA, indicating that gaps in the DNA duplex are
      structures susceptible to the DNase. Cleavage of the hybridized T3 DNA occurred
      when the fragmented DNA was phosphorylated at either the 3' or 5'-strand termini.

PMID- 389624
TI  - The complete nucleotide sequence of the ribosomal 16-S RNA from Excherichia coli.
      Experimental details and cistron heterogeneities.
AB  - The complete nucleotide sequence of the 16-S RNA from Escherichia coli has been
      determined using rapid RNA-sequencing gel methods. The experimental data are
      fully described in this paper. The specificities of the ribonucleases, especially
      the ribonuclease PhyI are discussed and the consequences of the persistence of
      stable secondary structure are considered. The proposed sequence contains 1541
      nucleotides and agrees completely with the DNA sequence of the rrnB cistron
      deduced by Brosius, J., Palmer, M.L., Kennedy, P.J., and Noller, H.F. [Proc.
      Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1978) 75, 4801-4805]. But there are several cistron
      heterogeneities of which we described 16 single-base heterogeneities, 7 of the
      deletion/insertion type and 9 of the transition or transversion type. Our
      observations suggest the existence, among the 7 ribosome RNA cistrons, of one or
      two mutated ones. The respective advantages and disadvantages of both RNA and DNA
      sequencing methods are discussed.

PMID- 389626
TI  - Procollagen synthesis and processing in periodontal ligament in vivo and in
      vitro. A comparative study using slab-gel fluorography.
AB  - A combination of dodecylsulphate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and
      fluorography has been used to quantify the synthesis of type I and type III
      collagens by periodontal ligament in situ and periodontal-ligament fibroblasts in
      vitro. The separation of 14C-labelled collagen alpha chains was achieved by
      introducing an interrupted reduction step, and the total radioactivity in the
      alpha-chain bands related to the fluorographic response by a series of standard
      curves. From these curves an accurate assessment of the relative amounts of type
      I and III collagen synthesized could be made. The same system also allowed the
      synthesis and processing of the respective procollagens to be analyzed. For the
      study in vivo, 200-g male rats were injected with 2 mCi [14C]glycine and killed
      0.5-6 h later. Periodontal ligament was dissected from the mandibular molars and
      the newly-synthesized collagens extracted with 0.45 M sodium chloride. In the
      study in vitro, confluent monkey periodontal-ligament fibroblasts were cultured
      in the presence of [14C]proline and [14C]glycine. Analysis of labelled collagens
      showed a rapid conversion of type I procollagen to collagen but type III collagen
      was recovered as a procollagen intermediate both in vitro and in vivo. Analysis
      of duplicate samples after pepsin digestion showed type III collagen synthesis to
      comprise 15% of the total collagen synthesized in vivo and 20% in early
      subcultures in vitro. However, the proportion of type III synthesized by the
      fibroblasts decreased on subculturing. The data demonstrate that fibroblasts in
      vitro retain the basic characteristics of collagen synthesis and procollagen
      processing found in vivo, but the overall phenotypic expression of the cells is
      not stable in culture.

PMID- 389627
TI  - F-Actin-depolymerizing activity of human serum.
AB  - Non-heated human and animal sera contain a factor which exhibited an inhibiting
      activity on the staining of actin-containing structures by anti-actin antibodies
      in indirect immunofluorescence experiments. The presence of this factor lowered
      the viscosity of F-actin preparations and caused, as studied by electron
      microscopy, a depolymerization of F-actin filaments as well as inhibition of
      filament formation of G-actin. The factor was, after its reaction with F-actin,
      liberated seemingly unaffected, indicating an enzymatic activity. The factor
      tentatively termed 'F-actin depolymerizing factor' was heat-sensitive and trypsin
      sensitive but resisted reduction. It was Ca2+ dependent and the staining
      inhibiting reaction was faster at 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C than at lower
      temperatures. Gel filtration experiments on Sephadex G-200 suggested a molecular
      size of the actin depolymerizing factor slightly higher than that of albumin. The
      electrophoretic mobility was that of gamma 2 globulin. The physiological role of
      the factor might be to prevent the presence of F-actin filaments within the
      circulation.

PMID- 389628
TI  - Effect of tunicamycin on transport of lysosomal enzymes in cultured skin
      fibroblasts.

PMID- 389630
TI  - Mossbauer spectroscopic studies of iron in Proteus mirabilis.
AB  - Mossbauer measurements of Proteus mirabilis cells grown in 57Fe-enriched media
      show that considerable quantities of iron are incorporated, particularly in the
      stationary phase of growth. A major part of the iron is in a form which shows
      magnetically split spectra at low temperatures. Fractionation of cells reveals
      that iron is present in both the soluble and particulate fractions, with the
      larger proportion being found in the soluble fraction. The iron in the
      particulate fraction is predominantly found in the outer membrane.

PMID- 389629
TI  - Translation by Escherichia coli ribosomes of alfalfa mosaic virus RNA 4 can be
      initiated at two sites on the monocistronic message.
AB  - Substantial evidence is provided to corroborate our previous finding that
      Escherichia coli ribosomes recognize two binding sites on the 5' end of alfalfa
      mosaic virus (AMV) RNA 4 [for a preliminary report see Castel, A., Kraal, B.,
      Kerklaan, P. R. M., Klok, J., and Bosch, L. (1977) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
      74, 5509--5513]. Translation can start at either site using AcPhe-tRNA or fMet
      RNA as initiator and takes place in the same reading frame along the
      monocistronic mRNA. The size and composition of the isolated extra NH2-terminal
      fragment of the acetylphenylalanyl product were found to be in agreement with the
      5' non-coding region of the messenger. Removal of the 5'-terminal cap structure
      of AMV RNA 4 did not influence significantly both initiation reactions. Ribosomal
      protein S1 was essential for binding as well as incorporation of both fMet-tRNA
      and AcPhe-tRNA. A similar interaction on the ribosome was found for AcPhe-tRNA
      directed by AMV RNA 4 as for fMet-tRNA directed by either AMV RNA 4 or MS2 RNA
      with respect to the influence of initiation factors. It is concluded that the
      heterologous plant viral messenger is reliably translated in the E. coli system
      and that E. coli ribosomes recognize with high specificity an extra initiation
      site close to the 5' extremity of the messenger. The relationship of this site to
      a hypothetical entry site involved in the early recognition in the initiation
      mechanism between ribosome and messenger is discussed.

PMID- 389631
TI  - Reaction of beta-D-glucosidase A3 from Aspergillus wentii with D-glucal.

PMID- 389632
TI  - Guido Fanconi (1892-1979) in memoriam.

PMID- 389634
TI  - Study of the protective effect of methylprednisolone, furosemide, and mannitol on
      ischemically damaged kidneys.
AB  - Canine kidneys subjected to 90 min of warm ischemia (37 degrees C) were protected
      by the administration of methylprednisolone but not by furosemide or mannitol.
      There was no protective effect observed through the vasodilating or diuretic
      effect of furosemide in the ischemic canine kidney. Mannitol-induced diuresis
      before warm ischemia also did not prove to be beneficial for severely ischemic
      kidneys. Methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg) given 2 h prior to warm ischemia prevented
      irreversible kidney damage observed in the control and experimental groups. By
      day 8 the serum creatinine and creatinine clearance returned to normal levels.

PMID- 389633
TI  - Pancreatic endocrine response to the first feed in term newborn infants.
AB  - Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide and glucagon were evaluated in 36 newborn term
      infants at birth, and before and 60 min after the first feed during the first day
      of life. Under basal conditions glycaemia diminished during the first day of life
      and glucagon increased, while insulin and C-peptide did not show any variation.
      The C-peptide: insulin molar ratio was higher in the newborn than in adults
      because of the longer half-life of C-peptide, probably due to reduced renal
      function in the neonatal period. The subjects were divided into two groups: 18
      newborn infants were given a feed of commercially available milk powder
      reconstituted in water at 10% (5 ml/kg); the other 18 were given a feed of 5
      ml/kg 10% glucose solution. In each group 6 were given the first feed after a
      fast of 6 h, 6 after a fast of 12 h and 6 after a fast of 24 h from birth. After
      the first feed with milk, the average increase of glycaemia was 19.83 mg%, of
      insulin 6.06 muU/ml, and of C-peptide 1.88 ng/ml. After the first feed with
      glucose the average increase of glycaemia was 13.59 mg%, of insulin 2.46 muU/ml,
      and of C-peptide 0.59 ng/ml. Glucagon did not show significant changes after the
      first feed.

PMID- 389635
TI  - The synthesis of the glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit by human breast
      carcinomas.

PMID- 389636
TI  - E.O.R.T.C. protocol for the treatment of good-risk patients with chronic
      myelogenous leukemia. A randomized trial.

PMID- 389637
TI  - Evaluation of adjuvant therapy in soft tissue sarcoma. A collaborative
      multidisciplinary approach. E.O.R.T.C. protocol 62771.

PMID- 389638
TI  - Echocardiographic studies of children operated on for congenital heart disease;
      evaluation in the immediate postoperative period.
AB  - In the immediate postoperative period, echocardiography was used to study left
      ventricular function in 69 children after correction of various congenital
      cardiac malformations. Left ventricular contractility indices and systolic time
      intervals measured from aortic cusp echoes were repeatedly obtained during the
      fist postoperative week. The degree of impairment of left ventricular function
      was assessed for different diagnostic groups and are tabulated. Decrease in left
      ventricular function was strongly correlated to operating time, cardiac bypass
      time, and aortic clamping time, the most important factor being cardiac bypass
      time. Left ventricular ejection time (LVET) was the most useful parameter of
      cardiac function in the immediate postoperative period and was of prognostic
      value in 5 patients who died early in that period. Abnormal septal movement was
      seen in most patients, but usually normalized within 2 wk. After extensive
      operations, changes in the movement pattern of the aortic leaflets were also
      seen. Although pericardial effusion was commonly found during the postoperative
      period, it did not indicate postcardiotomy syndrome and disappeared spontaneous
      within 2 mth.

PMID- 389639
TI  - Regulation of the specific plaque-forming cell response in man: restraint of B
      cell responsiveness.

PMID- 389640
TI  - Mechanisms of clonal abortion tolerogenesis. III. Antigen abrogates functional
      maturation of surface immunoglobulin-negative adult bone marrow lymphocytes.

PMID- 389641
TI  - Dissociation between drug-induced increases in nerve terminal and non-nerve
      terminal pools of GABA in vivo.
AB  - To examine whether increased GABA levels produced by n-dipropylacetate (DPA) and
      amino-oxyacetic acid (AOAA) are associated with nerve terminals, we compared the
      effect of these drugs on the GABA content of substantia nigra (SN) in rats in
      which the GABAergic afferent projections to SN had been unilaterally destroyed.
      In the SN largely devoid of GABAergic nerve terminals, AOAA (30 mg/kg) produced a
      2-fold increase in GABA, whereas DPA (300 mg/kg) was without effect. Since DPA
      and AOAA both increased GABA to a similar extent in the intact SN, it appears
      that the GABA increase produced by DPA is associated with GABAergic nerve
      terminals, while AOAA primarily elevates GABA in non-nerve terminal components
      (neural perikarya and glial cells) which are not destroyed by our lesions.

PMID- 389642
TI  - Mitochondrial DNA arranged into chromatin-like structures after injection into
      amphibian oocyte nuclei.

PMID- 389643
TI  - Polyamine content of a non-aqueously isolated chromosome preparation.

PMID- 389644
TI  - Membrane charge-associated heterogeneity of B-lymphocytes from human peripheral
      blood as reflected by cell partition in two-polymer aqueous phases.

PMID- 389645
TI  - Three-dimensional organization of microfilaments and microtubules in the
      cytoskeleton. Immunoperoxidase labelling and stereo-electron microscopy of
      detergent-extracted cells.

PMID- 389646
TI  - Mitochondrial matrix granules in soft tissues. I. Elemental composition by x-ray
      microanalysis.

PMID- 389647
TI  - Perifused monolayer cultures of rat hepatocytes as an improved in vitro system
      for studies on ureogenesis.

PMID- 389648
TI  - Hybrid microtubules from mixtures of human fibroblast homogenates and chick brain
      microtubules. Absence of high molecular weight associated proteins.

PMID- 389649
TI  - Correlation in G1 transit time of sister cells synchronized by mitotic selection.

PMID- 389650
TI  - Non-propagated cortical reactions induced by the divalent ionophore A23187 in
      eggs of the sea urchin, Lytechinus variegatus.

PMID- 389652
TI  - Effects of cervical dislocation on colony-forming cells in murine marrow
      cultures.
AB  - Bone marrow obtained in a conventional manner after killing mice by cervical
      dislocation demonstrates increased absolute numbers of GM-CFC when compared to
      that from living anesthetized mice. The anesthetic agent does not account for the
      observed difference. Interpretation of all studies of murine marrow culture must
      take this observation into account, and extrapolation of the results of such
      studies to living human marrow should be made with care. Further studies of the
      mechanisms by which cervical dislocation increases the numbers of GM-CFC may help
      to elucidate certain mechanisms of commitment of the pluripotential hemopoietic
      stem cell.

PMID- 389651
TI  - In memoriam: V. Everett Kinsey.

PMID- 389653
TI  - Engraftment of bone marrow transplants in W anemic mice measured by electronic
      determination of the red blood cell size profile.
AB  - Defective stem cells of WBB6F1-W/Wv mice produce macrocytic red blood cells
      (RBCs); stem cells of WBB6F1-+/+ mice produce normocytic RBCs. Utilization of the
      Coulter counter channelyzer permitted good dissociation between the size
      distribution of populations of +/+ and W/Wv RBCs. Peaks (mean cell volumes) for
      +/+ and W/Wv RBCs have been determined to be between the 30th and 40th channel
      and 50th and 60th channel, respectively. Variability of profiles for individual
      mice of both genotypes did not exceed the variability of separate determinations
      of the same cell suspension from a single mouse. Admixture (approximately 15%) of
      either type of erythrocytes could be quantitatively detected by this method. One
      week after transplant of 10(7) +/+ marrow cells into W/Wv recipients, 25% of
      donor type erythrocytes were detected. Eighteen days post-graft, concentration of
      +/- normocytes exceeded the concentration of macrocytes in the W/Wv recipients'
      circulation. Approximately 45 days post-transplant, the proportion of macrocytes
      decreased below the 10% detectable level. Calculation of the daily RBC production
      rate during repopulation and estimation of the number of RBCs produced by a
      single hematopoietic colony were determined. The RBC size profile was found to be
      a convenient method for studying the effect of implantation of W/Wv marrow into
      lethally irradiated +/+ mice. This method proved suitable for repetitive
      determination of the size population in individual transplanted mice.

PMID- 389654
TI  - Adverse effects of nutritional deprivation on transplanted hematopoietic cells.
AB  - We studied the effect of food deprivation on hematopoietic reconstitution of
      B6D2F1 mice given 900 rad total body irradiation followed by 2 x 10(5) syngeneic
      bone marrow cells. Animals deprived of food from the day of cell transfer to the
      day of sacrifice were compared to control animals allowed ad libitum laboratory
      chow. The body weight of food deprived mice decreased by 36% on day 7 as compared
      to a 9% decrease in fed controls. The mean number of nucleated cells/femur on day
      7 was only 22% of that found in fed controls. The spleen weight in the
      experimental animals was only 48% of that in the controls. Food deprived animals
      showed complete suppression of macroscopic hematopoietic spleen colony formation.
      Both marrow and spleen from the primary recipients, when studied for content of
      CFU-s in secondary ad libitum fed recipients, showed that food deprived animals
      had less than 25% of the number seen in controls. A third group of animals
      receiving vitamin supplements and small amounts of dextrose, but no protein,
      showed hematopoietic suppression similar to that seen in the totally food
      deprived mice.

PMID- 389655
TI  - Age variation in the increase of hypothalamic and brain stem contents of
      phenylethanolamine m-octopamine and p-octopamine in spontaneously hypertensive
      rats (SH Kyoto).
AB  - Phenylethanolamine, m-octopamine and p-octopamine contents were determined as a
      function of age in the hypothalamus and brain stem of spontaneously hypertensive
      rats and controls Wistar Kyoto. In hypothalamus, the content of the 3 amines was
      2--4-fold greater for the SH rats. In the brain stem, the phenylethanolamine and
      p-octopamine contents were 2--3-fold greater in SH rats but 5--6-fold higher in
      the case of m-octopamine. The difference appears at 3 weeks and correlates the
      blood pressure with the increase of age. The significance of these findings is
      discussed.

PMID- 389656
TI  - Population dynamics of soil inhabiting mites in cucumber treated with granular
      insect growth regulators (IGRs).
AB  - In small field trials, certain granular insect growth regulators (IGRs) induced
      significant reduction in soil inhabiting mites of cucumber plantation at a rate
      as low as 0.25 kg a.i./acre. However, suborders specificity relationship could
      easily be detected.

PMID- 389658
TI  - Dietary immunostimulation: interaction with BCG and LPS.
AB  - The action of BCG and LPS mR595 used in conjunction with a formula-defined diet
      is dependent on the administration timing and resembles that of interacting
      adjuvants affecting different elements of the immune system.

PMID- 389660
TI  - A reanalysis of the structure-activity relationships of sulfonamide derivatives.
AB  - A reanalysis of correspondence between electronic distribution of sulfonamides
      and their antibacterial activity is proposed. Correlation equations show that the
      rate limiting steps for sulfonamide action on E. coli cell-free system and whole
      cell system have similar dependence on the negative logarithm of the ionization
      constant. The existence of a "bilinear relationship" demonstrates that the whole
      class of compounds has a single mechanism of action and that permeability factors
      are unimportant in both biological processes.

PMID- 389657
TI  - The effect of BCG-vaccination on vaccinia virus infections in mice.
AB  - Pretreatment with BCG yielded a high degree of protection against experimental
      vaccinia virus infections in mice. Corynebacterium parvum and Aristolochia acid
      were less protective; other immunostimulants were ineffective.

PMID- 389659
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of hyperglycemic hormone (HGH) in the
      neurosecretory system of the eyestalk of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus.
AB  - Hyperglycemic hormone (HGH) from Astacus leptodactylus can be visualized by an
      immunocytochemical procedure using a specific antiserum against HGH and the
      peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) method. HGH containing cells are localized in
      the most distal portion of the x-organ in the medulla terminalis. Their cell
      diameter is about 47 +/- 7 micrometer; the nucleus measures about 22 +/- 2
      micrometer. They form a subgroup of neurosecretory cell type 1, already described
      for the crayfish. A large amount of this HGH material is homogeneously stored in
      the sinus gland. A group of fibres in the x-organ - sinus gland - tractus can be
      followed, due to their positive reaction with the PAP-reagent.

PMID- 389661
TI  - The bromination of 6-methyl-4-methoxy-2H-thiopyran-2-one.
AB  - The bromination of 6-methyl-4-methoxy-2H-thiopyran-2-one was studied under ionic
      and radical conditions. The 6-bromomethyl, respectively 6-dibromomethyl
      derivatives were hydrolyzed to the corresponding 6-hydroxymethyl and 6-formyl
      derivatives. The antibacterial and antimycotic activities of the new compounds
      were tested.

PMID- 389663
TI  - Location of the site of methylation in elongation factor Tu.

PMID- 389662
TI  - Half-of-the-sites reactivity in immobilized hybrids of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
      dehydrogenase.

PMID- 389664
TI  - Living history: nutritional discoveries of the 1930's: introductory remarks.

PMID- 389665
TI  - The isolation of vitamin C from lemon juice.

PMID- 389666
TI  - Identification and synthesis of threonine.

PMID- 389667
TI  - Vitamin K: discovery, identification, synthesis, functions.

PMID- 389668
TI  - Lactic acid bacteria and identification of B-vitamins: some historical notes,
      1937-1940.

PMID- 389669
TI  - Identification of riboflavin deficiency in human subjects.

PMID- 389670
TI  - Early work with folic acid.

PMID- 389671
TI  - The isolation of pyridoxine.

PMID- 389672
TI  - [Tuberculosis yesterday and today (material for discussions)].

PMID- 389673
TI  - [30 years along the path of friendship and cooperation between the USSR and the
      GDR].

PMID- 389674
TI  - [Views of N. I. Pirogov on the prevention of wound infection].

PMID- 389676
TI  - Luteolytic effect of intranasal administration of [D-Ser(TBU)6,DES-Gly-NH2(10)]
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ethylamide in normal women.
AB  - Intranasal administration of two doses of potent agonist of luteinizing hormone
      (LH)-releasing hormone (LHRH), [D-Ser(TBU)6,des-Gly-NH2(10)]LHRH ethylamide (500
      micrograms), a 8 A.M. and 5 P.M. on 1 day between day 4 and 9 following the LH
      peak in six normal women during two consecutive menstrual cycles shortened the
      luteal phase from 13.6 +/- 0.3 days to 10.9 +/- 0.3 days (mean shortening, 2.7
      days; range, 0.5 to 4.5 days) and reduced plasma progesterone levels to 61.3% +/-
      9.2% of control. Hormone changes were followed by daily measurements of plasma
      LH, follicle-stimulating hormone, 17 beta-estradiol, and progesterone during two
      pretreatment cycles, two treatment cycles, and two post-treatment cycles. No side
      effect was observed, and apparently normal cycles occurred immediately after
      treatment. The present data indicate that the intranasal administration of a
      potent LHRH agonistic analog can induce luteolysis and control time of occurrence
      of menses in normal women. This finding opens the possibility of a new and
      physiologic approach to fertility control.

PMID- 389675
TI  - Current status of hysteroscopy in gynecologic practice.
AB  - During the past century hysteroscopy has developed into a highly sophisticated
      and effective technique with increasing applicability. Hysteroscopic instruments
      have been refined with fiberoptics, allowing light to be introduced into the
      uterine cavity with high intensity but without danger of thermal injury. Safe
      methods for uterine distention provide an undistorted panoramic view of the
      uterine cavity. As a diagnostic technique, hysteroscopy affords accuracy in
      detecting intrauterine conditions which may not be revealed by traditional
      methods of exploration. As an operative technique, hysteroscopy increases the
      precision of surgery and minimizes trauma to the endometrial lining, and may, on
      some occasions, preclude major surgical intervention. In addition, hysterscopy is
      potentially useful for female sterilization and offers promise as an
      investigative tool for studies of the intratubal milieu.

PMID- 389677
TI  - Reanastomosis of the previously ligated fallopian tube.
AB  - Tubal sterilization procedures are being performed on young women in increasing
      numbers. For a variety of reasons a small but significant number of women are
      requesting reversal of the tubal interruption. This report presents a series of
      20 consecutive patients on whom tuabl reanastomoses of previously noncoagulated,
      surgically ligated fallopian tubes were performed. An intraluminal tubal suture
      technique is described. Low magnification (X2 to X4) was used. The comparative
      results of the patients operated upon revealed a tubal pregnancy rate of 80%, a
      total pregnancy rate of 70%, a viable pregnancy rate of 55%, three abortions, and
      one ectopic pregnancy.

PMID- 389678
TI  - Prospective studies of the gonadotropin responses to graded injections of
      gonadotopin-releasing factor in women using a low-estrogen type oral
      contraceptive for three months.
AB  - A prospective study of pituitary gonadotropin response to gonadotropin-releasing
      factor (GnRF) was made in women before and after 3 months of use of a low
      estrogen type oral contraceptive containing 0.035 mg of ethinylestradiol and 0.4
      mg of norethindrone. A series of three intravenous GnRF injections (0.5, 5.0, and
      50.0 micrograms) was given in each test and 10 blood samples were obtained and
      analyzed for their luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone
      (FSH) content by radioimmunoassay. The results show that there was no significant
      effect of the contraceptive steroids on either basal or stimulatable FSH or LH
      levels. These data are different from those for higher-estrogen types of oral
      contraceptives, and the possible clinical importance of these findings is
      discussed.

PMID- 389679
TI  - The role of acrosin in sperm penetration through human cervical mucus.
AB  - Enzymes have been implicated in facilitating cervical mucus penetration by
      spermatozoa. One of these enzymes in the neutral proteinase acrosin, which is
      associated with the sperm acrosome. To determine the validity of this hypothesis,
      human spermatozoa were incubated with the following acrosin inhibitors: p
      aminobenzamidine (AB), N-alpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK), and p
      nitropheyl-p'-guanidino benzoate (NPGB). An in vitro slide test system was
      developed which allowed inhibitor-treated and control spermatozoa to be evaluated
      against the same human cervical mucus sample. At inhibitor concentrations far
      exceeding those necessary for the inhibition of human acrosin, there was no
      effect on spermatozoal penetration into or through the mucus. These findings
      indicate that, in man, acrosin activity is neither necessary nor facilitory to
      sperm penetration of cervical mucus. Evidence is also presented that demonstrates
      the superiority of the newly developed double-interface slide test, especially
      for comparative purposes, over the tests currently in use.

PMID- 389680
TI  - [Renal allograft rejection reaction and the interrelationship between immunologic
      and biochemical indices in the posttransplantation period].

PMID- 389681
TI  - [Effect of total DNA on formation of transplantation immunity in rabbits].

PMID- 389682
TI  - [Compositional integration of nervous processes in mechanisms of adaptive
      autoregulation of functions and detection of ecologically significant stimuli].
AB  - The latest data on regulatory mechanisms based on synchronization principle
      elucidate the selective responses of cellular systems to ecologically adequate
      stimuli, and the mechanisms of formation of the stable neurodynamic changes in
      separate cerebral structures. The elementary mechanism consists in facilitation
      of excitatory and inhibitory processes, which respectively increases or
      suppresses the current level of the brain functional activity. A more complex
      mechanism of the adaptive plasticity relies on associations involving
      motivational structures into the biorhythm control. The functional interaction
      among the cortex and subcortical structures increases at that, the cyclic pattern
      and the spatial-temporal composition of intracentral interrelationships alters,
      as well as the correlation between the central and the peripheral functions.

PMID- 389683
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Iwao Ogawa].

PMID- 389684
TI  - Quantitative aspects of marriage, fertility and family limitation in nineteenth
      century America: another application of the Coale specifications.
AB  - This paper deals with three aspects of the decline in the fertility of white
      women in the United States from 1800 to 1920. The first concerns the portion of
      the secular decline in the total fertility rate which was due to changes in
      marriage rates and the portion due to decreases in marital fertility rates. The
      second concerns the fraction of couples in the nineteenth century who acted
      effectively to reduce their fertility and the third deals with the importance of
      abortion as a family-limiting practice among white couples in the nineteenth
      century.

PMID- 389685
TI  - Georgetown University School of Dentistry.

PMID- 389686
TI  - The Lyon injector.

PMID- 389687
TI  - Histocompatibility systems, recognition and cell positioning.

PMID- 389688
TI  - Macrophage functions in high and low cancer incidence strains of mice. A
      comparative study.

PMID- 389689
TI  - Biochemistry of ageing.

PMID- 389690
TI  - Periplasmic enzymes in gram-negative bacteria.

PMID- 389691
TI  - Comparative results on sarcolemmal membrane preparations obtained by three
      procedures.

PMID- 389692
TI  - Membrane variants of mammalian cells resistant to cytotoxic lectins.

PMID- 389693
TI  - Effects of cannabis on lungs.

PMID- 389694
TI  - Effects of cannabis on fetal development of rodents.

PMID- 389695
TI  - Cannabis and the brain with special reference to the limbic system.

PMID- 389696
TI  - Cannabis and alcohol: the green and the red.

PMID- 389697
TI  - Preparation of monoclonal antibodies to chick neural retina-cell-surface antigens
      [proceedings].

PMID- 389698
TI  - Enzyme immunoassay of albumin as an aid to the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in
      the newborn human [proceedings].

PMID- 389699
TI  - Enzyme immunoassay of specific immunoglobulins to Semliki Forest virus in
      infected nude (athymic) mice [proceedings].

PMID- 389700
TI  - Chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydrogenase: protection of the active site(s)
      against inactivation by iodoacetamide [proceedings].

PMID- 389701
TI  - Dissociation between 45Ca uptake and insulin release: evidence for a inhibitory
      pool of caocium in the beta-cell plasma membrane [proceedings].

PMID- 389702
TI  - Rotational mobility of membrane-bound cytochrome o of Escherichia coli and
      cytochrome a1 of Thiobacillus ferro-oxidans [proceedings].

PMID- 389703
TI  - A non-equilibrium biochemical control theory based on lateral diffusion
      [proceedings].

PMID- 389705
TI  - MOlecular democracy: who shares the controls?

PMID- 389704
TI  - Colicin E1-induced membrane de-energization in Escherichia coli [proceedings].

PMID- 389706
TI  - Sequestration of metabolites: insights into metabolic control.

PMID- 389707
TI  - Mutations affecting lipid biosynthesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: isolation of
      ethanolamine auxotrophs [proceedings].

PMID- 389708
TI  - The specific interaction of Eschericia coli initiation factor IF3 with coliphage
      MS2 ribonucleic acid [proceedings].

PMID- 389709
TI  - Visualization of a cell surface glycoprotein, the retina cognin, on embryonic
      cells by immuno-latex labeling and scanning electron microscopy.

PMID- 389710
TI  - Developmental determination of neuronal projection patterns from wind-sensitive
      hairs in the locust, Schistocerca gregaria.

PMID- 389712
TI  - Capacity of adult steel (SI/SId) and dominant spotting (W/Wv) mouse skin to
      support melanogenesis.

PMID- 389711
TI  - Fibrillary astrocytes proliferate in response to brain injury: a study combining
      immunoperoxidase technique for glial fibrillary acidic protein and
      radioautography of tritiated thymidine.

PMID- 389713
TI  - Laura Bridgeman's brain: an early consideration of functional adaptations in
      neural development.

PMID- 389714
TI  - Ionic basis of phenytoin sodium inhibition of insulin secretion in pancreatic
      islets.

PMID- 389715
TI  - Factors from fibroblasts promote pancreatic islet B cell survival in tissue
      culture.
AB  - A possible role for fibroblasts in promoting the survival and function of islet B
      cells in tissue culture was examined by the addition of fibroblasts from a mouse
      embryo cell line (3T3-L2) to islet cell monolayer cultures prepared from newborn
      rat pancreases. Co-culture of islet cells with fibroblasts significantly
      increased the recovery of insulin in medium and cells after 7 days of culture in
      medium supplemented with 10% serum, and prevented the deterioration of islet
      cells cultured in serum-free medium. Similarly- serum-free medium, conditioned by
      cultures of either 3T3-L2 fibroblasts or fibroblasts freshly isolated from
      newborn rat pancreases, maintained the release and content of insulin in islet
      cell monolayer cultures at levels four- to eightfold higher than in control serum
      free medium. Serum-free, fibroblast-conditioned medium also enhanced the survival
      of intact islets maintained in free-floating culture for 28 days. The active
      factor(s) in fibroblast-conditioned medium has a high molecular weight and is
      heat-stable. We conclude that fibroblastic cells produce a macromolecular
      factor(s) capable of enhancing the survival of functional islet B cells in tissue
      culture.

PMID- 389716
TI  - Adolescents and young people with spina bifida.
AB  - This study investigated how young people with myelomeningocele see their
      situation, and defines some of their problems. 35 adolescents and young people
      with this condition were interviewed. The evidence suggests that the over-all
      problems of these young people are common to many with congenital physical
      disabilities, but neurogenic bowel and bladder are additional complications not
      often experienced by others with orthopaedic disabilities. Those with ileal
      conduits frequently reported both social embarrassment and management
      difficulties, but bowel incontinence was rarely a dominant problem. The findings
      indicate that the young person's ability to cope with physical and emotional
      situations is ultimately not determined by the severity of the disability, but is
      a product of all the environmental support systems that have been available to
      him since birth.

PMID- 389717
TI  - Radiation myelopathy.

PMID- 389718
TI  - Vestibular dysfunction in autistic children.

PMID- 389719
TI  - Pathogenetic and preventive aspects of non-progressive ataxic syndromes.
AB  - The article reviews the collected knowledge concerning the non-progressive
      syndromes of ataxic cerebral palsy. Three syndromes are described: (1) simple
      ataxia (signs of dyssynergia); (2) ataxic diplegia (ataxia with added diplegic
      spasticity); and (3) dysequilibrium syndrome (defective postural control and
      equilibrium). The probable aetiological factors in each syndrome are discussed.
      In simple ataxia prenatal factors dominate; a high proportion of cases have an
      untraceable aetiology. Genetic factors play a large role, and birthweight is
      usually normal. With ataxic diplegia the aetiology is again most commonly
      prenatal, but the proportion of cases with an untraceable aetiology is low. Fetal
      deprivation of supply and perinatal factors, either isolated or in combination,
      are important. Low birthweight is frequently found. Genetic aetiological factors
      are the rule in the dysequilibrium syndrome. Possible preventive measures are
      discussed on the basis of the aetiological pattern. It is concluded that the
      possibilities of prevention are greatest in ataxic diplegia.

PMID- 389720
TI  - A common sense approach resolves the basement membrane controversy and the NIH
      Pima Indian study.

PMID- 389721
TI  - Insulin and obesity.

PMID- 389722
TI  - Islet cell antibodies and diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians.
AB  - Pancreatic islet cell antibodies and 12 other autoantibodies were measured at the
      time of diabetes diagnosis in 46 Pima Indians, aged 17--47 years, and in 46 age
      sex matched non-diabetic controls. Islet cell antibodies were found in only two
      diabetics, aged 20 and 25, compared with none of 46 controls. Neither of the
      subjects with islet cell antibodies had other autoantibodies. At least one type
      of autoantibody was found in 14 (30%) of the diabetics and in 14 controls, but
      none was significantly associated with diabetes. This study indicates that
      diabetes in the Pima Indians, even those with an onset below 25 years of age, is
      almost entirely of type II, in that the disease is not associated with islet cell
      antibodies, ketoacidosis, or insulin dependence.

PMID- 389723
TI  - Beta-cell recognition of stereoisomers of D-glucose.
AB  - The ability of all eight D-aldohexose steroisomers to stimulate insulin release
      and biosynthesis was compared with their ability to serve as a metabolic
      substrate for isolated islets of Langerhans as judged by formation of lactate.
      Insulin release and synthesis were stimulated by glucose or mannose but not by
      allose, altrose, gulose, idose, galactose or talose. No potentiary effects of
      allose, altrose, gulose, idose, or talose were found on insulin release in the
      presence of 4 mmol/l glucose nor did these sugars inhibit insulin release in the
      presence of 20 mmol/l glucose. Lactate formation was increased above values found
      in the absence of added substrate by 20 mmol/l D-glucose or mannose, but not by
      allose, altrose, gulose, galactose or talose. The results support the substrate
      site hypothesis for the recognition of sugars as stimuli of insulin release and
      synthesis.

PMID- 389725
TI  - Problems with B12 radiodilution assays.

PMID- 389724
TI  - Effect of pharmacological agents and fasting on pancreatic islet norepinephrine
      in the golden hamster.

PMID- 389726
TI  - Properties of interferon induced by purified protein derivative of tuberculin in
      mice sensitized with BCG or cell-wall skeleton of BCG.
AB  - Mice sensitized with either BCG or cell-wall skeleton of BCG (BCG-CWS) produced
      interferon in blood after stimulation with specific antigen, purified protein
      derivative of tuberculin (PPD). Both BCG-infected normal (C57BL/6) and thymic
      nude (BALB/c, nu/nu) mice showed enhanced activity to produce interferon by
      stimulation with E. coli endotoxin. However, detectable interferon was not
      produced in athymic nude mice sensitized with BCG or BCG-CWS by stimulation with
      PPD. Immune-induced interferon (I-IF) produced by BCG-CWS and PPD in mice was
      different in biological and physicochemical properties from virus-induced
      interferon. I-IF showed about 100 times more potent L-cell growth inhibitory
      activity than virus-induced L-cell interferon (L-IF). Both I-IF and L-IF showed
      macrophage-activating activity, which renders resting macrphages cytotoxic to
      L1210 leukemia cells. Antiviral and macrophage-activating activity of interferon
      preparation was not separated physicochemically in this study.

PMID- 389727
TI  - Cytolytic action of 60-F derived from live hemolytic streptococci against Ehrlich
      carcinoma cells.
AB  - The effect of 60-F, a fraction obtained by 0.5 approximately 0.6 saturation of
      ammonium sulfate of streptomycin-pretreated cell-free extract from live hemolytic
      streptococci (avirulent Su strain), on release of 51Cr from the 51Cr-labeled
      Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells was studied with following results: a) 60-F was
      found to be highly effective in releasing 51Cr from 51Cr-labeled Ehrlich ascites
      carcinoma cells. b) Additionally, destructive picutres of the tumor cells
      contacted with 60-F in vitro was observed by phase-contrast microscopic
      examination. c) Indication was that the 51Cr-releasing assay method is also
      useful for the study of the direct cytolytic effect of 60-F.

PMID- 389730
TI  - An ancient art revived.

PMID- 389728
TI  - [Classification and prognosis of chronic hepatitis].

PMID- 389729
TI  - [Ischemic enteropathy in the adult. Clinical, etiological and pathophysiological
      aspects (author's transl)].

PMID- 389731
TI  - Scuba diving and dental hazards.

PMID- 389732
TI  - Fabrication of dies using Typadon trays.

PMID- 389733
TI  - [Chloroplast DNA cloning in Escherichia coli. II. The properties of the
      recombinant plasmids bearing the EcoRI fragments of pea chloroplast DNA and the
      cloning of the DNA sequences with rRNA genes].
AB  - Previously a method of selection of colicine-defective recombinant plasmids by
      mitomycin C was described. A series of recombinant plasmids (CPS) with various
      EcoRI-fragments of pea chloroplast DNA has been obtained. This paper describes
      some properties of cloned fragments replicated in Escherichia coli. The alkali
      stability of recombinant plasmid DNAs has been demonstrated, indicating the
      absence of ribonucleotides in their structure. Heterogeneity of chloroplast DNA
      in nucleotide composition was demonstrated using ultracentrifugation analysis of
      CPS-plasmid DNAs in CsCl-actinomycin D density gradient. Pea chloroplast rDNA was
      cloned in recombinant plasmids.

PMID- 389734
TI  - [Genetic effects of N-nitroso-N-methylurea on Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts. I.
      The influence of radiosensitivity mutations on lethal and recombinogenic
      effects].
AB  - Effect of mutations rad2 and rad54 in homozygous state on survival, mitotic
      segregation and crossing-over induced by NMU in yeast was studied. Mutation rad2
      did not influence on these effects of NMU. The mutation rad54 increased
      sensitivity to the lethal effect, the frequencies of NMU-induced segregation and
      crossing-over were decreased in the strain rad54 rad54. The recombinogenic effect
      of NMU on yeast was lower than under the action of UV and gamma rays.

PMID- 389735
TI  - [Nature of the compatible inheritance of hybrid plasmid pAS8 and its deletion
      mutants with replicon ColE1].
AB  - Hybrid plasmid pAS8, that consists of RP4 and ColE1 replicons, is incompatible
      with RP4 but co-exists with ColE1 replicon. The deletion mutants of pAS8, that
      replicates under the control of ColE1 replicon only, are incompatible with ColE1
      derivatives, although the copy number of pAS8 and its deletion mutants in the
      cell is the same (1-3 per the chromosome). Incompatibility effect of plasmids is
      expressed in a sharp decrease in transformant's yield during selection of
      incoming and resident plasmids markers. In this case incompatibility is a very
      fast process, that leads to the elimination of resident or incoming plasmid just
      before plating on the selective medium. On the base of negative control theory,
      the repressors yield, synthesized in the presence of 1-3 copies of the deletion
      mutant is enough for the expression of ColE1-specific incompatibility. This ColE1
      incompatibility is probably connected with the functional activity of ColE1
      replicon. When ColE1 factor replicates under the control of RP4 replicon the
      expression of ColE1-specific incompatibility does not occur. Possibly, the
      incompatibility effect takes place when pAS8 deletion mutants cause the synthesis
      of ColE1-specific repressor. Also, the replicons of ColE1 may competein the
      membrane attachment site.

PMID- 389736
TI  - [Expression of eukaryotic genes in Escherichia coli cells].
AB  - The paper presents a survey of literature concerned with the possibility of
      expression of plasmid-clones genes from eukaryotic organisms in bacteria cells.
      Studies on bacterial synthesis of somatostatin, human insulin, hormone of rat
      growth and proteins: chicken ovalbumin and mouse dihydrofolate reductase are
      discussed.

PMID- 389737
TI  - [Mechanism of plasmid ColEl and pMB-9 mobilization by plasmid F'lac+ in
      Escherichia coli K-12].
AB  - The genetic control and mechanism of mobilization of the non-conjugative plasmids
      ColE1 and pMB-9 by the conjugative plasmids was orived to be recA-independent
      process in contrast to the mobilization of the chromosomal marker pro. Acridine
      orange and ethidium bromide curing data together with the results of
      electrophoretic analysis of plasmid DNA suggest that the plasmids F' lac+ and pMB
      9 as well as F' lac+ and ColE1 remain autonomous after their contransfer to
      recipient cells. These data argue in favour of non-recombinational nature of the
      plasmid mobilization process. The possibility of transmission of a non
      conjugative plasmid without transmission of a conjugative one from the donor
      strain carrying both plasmids was established. The results obtained are discussed
      with respect to the hypothesis on the effect of diffusible products encoded by
      the conjugative plasmid and required of the mobilization of the non-conjugative
      plasmid.

PMID- 389738
TI  - [Dependence of the viability and mutability of Escherichia coli K-12 cells on the
      balance of DNA and protein syntheses. II. The effect of disturbance in the
      balance of DNA and protein syntheses on the cellular mutability and viability of
      rec+ and rec- strains treated with nalidixic acid].
AB  - The changes in the survival and mutagenesis of rec+ and rec- Escherichia coli K
      12 strains, treated with the selective inhibitor of DNA synthesis, nalidixic
      acid, are found to be due to the processes of the stabilization and repair of the
      metabolic gaps in DNA chains, which depend on the balance of DNA and protein
      synthesis. The various character is observed of the relation between the survival
      and the mutagenesis and the balance of DNA and protein syntheses in cells which
      are valuable (rec+) and defective (rec-) for the processes of DNA repair.

PMID- 389740
TI  - Deletion mapping of the niiA niaD gene region of Aspergillus nidulans.

PMID- 389739
TI  - [Bibliography of the foreign literature in genetics (July 1979)].

PMID- 389741
TI  - Replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae of plasmid pBR313 carrying DNA from the
      yeast trpl region.
AB  - Plasmid pBR313 carrying a 1.4 kb EcoRI fragment from the yeast TRP1 region
      (designated pLC544) is capable of transforming yeast trp1 mutants to Trp+ at high
      frequency (10(3)--10(4) transformants/micrograms DNA). Transformation can be
      achieved either by using purified plasmid DNA or by fusion of yeast spheroplasts
      with partially lysed Escherichia coli [pLC544] protoplast preparations. The Trp+
      yeast transformants are highly unstable, segregating Trp- cells at frequencies of
      0.18 per cell per generation (haploids) and 0.056 per cell per generation
      (diploids) in media containing tryptophan. Plasmid pLC544 replicates autonomously
      in the nucleus of yeast cells and segregation of Trp-cells is associated with the
      complete loss of plasmid sequences. In genetic crosses, pLC544 is randomly
      assorted during meiosis and is carried unchanged through the mating process into
      haploid recombinants.

PMID- 389742
TI  - [Cesarean section performed in the municipal hospital in Lukow during the years
      1971-1978].

PMID- 389744
TI  - [Abdominal injuries in pregnant women].

PMID- 389743
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of short-term use of bromocriptine in men].

PMID- 389745
TI  - [Dr. Zbigniew Lapinski].

PMID- 389746
TI  - Prosthodontic considerations in mandibular ridge extension to improve denture
      base foundation.

PMID- 389747
TI  - Growth of Clethrionomys gapperi and Microtus pennsylvanicus in captivity.
AB  - Growth of Clethrionomys gapperi and Microtus pennsylvanicus from southern
      Manitoba was documented from birth to 30 days. Clethrionomys gapperi were smaller
      and grew more slowly (g/day) than M. pennsylvanicus, although both species were
      weaned at the same age. There were significant differences in growth rates
      between sexes in M. pennsylvanicus and among litter sizes in both species. Most
      of the variability in growth was due to differences among litters. The patterns
      of development was similar to those reported for other North American species of
      Clethrionomys and Microtus.

PMID- 389748
TI  - [Improved method for closing cavity in pulmonary hydatidectomy].

PMID- 389749
TI  - [Immediate results of plastic operations in tricuspid valve defects].

PMID- 389750
TI  - [Fiber bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of lung diseases].

PMID- 389751
TI  - [Problems of the diagnosis and therapeutic approach in pulmonary hemorrhages in
      patients with nonspecific diseases].

PMID- 389752
TI  - Progress in gynecologic oncology: a personal retrospective view.

PMID- 389753
TI  - Reexploration after treatment for ovarian carcinoma.

PMID- 389754
TI  - Surface properties of cultured endothelial cells.
AB  - Vascular endothelial cells (EC) are non-thrombogenic. The basis for this property
      is still essentially unknown. This paper summarizes our previous studies on EC
      associated glycosaminoglycans and on the specific binding of heparin to EC and
      describes the preventive effect of heparin sulphate (HS) on platelet adhesion to
      collagen; attempts to affect the binding of platelets to EC by specific removal
      of endogenous HS were, however, unsuccessful. The possible importance of EC
      surface HS for interactions with coagulation factors is discussed.

PMID- 389755
TI  - Platelet-reactivity of isolated constituents of the blood vessel wall.
AB  - Collagens I and III, in fibrillar form, bound platelets equally well; both
      readily induced platelet aggregation. In contrast, collagens IV and V, although
      pretreated as collagens I and III to induce fibrillogenesis, failed to produce
      aggregation. No binding of platelets was detected. Lens capsule, containing
      collagen type IV in situ, was also inactive. Inactivity appears due to the lack
      of an appropriate quaternary structure since segment-long-spacing (SLS)
      aggregates of collagens IV and V, as of type I, induced aggregation. Elastin and
      its associated microfibrillar element did not aggregate platelets; some binding
      of platelets to elastin only was observed.

PMID- 389756
TI  - Platelet interactions with the endothelium and the subendothelium: the role of
      thrombin and prostacyclin.
AB  - The adherence of 51Cr-labeled platelets to rabbit aortae everted on probes
      rotated in platelet-red cell suspensions has been measured. Platelet adherence to
      the subendothelium exposed by passage of a balloon catheter before everting the
      aortae was inhibited by compounds that increase platelet cyclic AMP levels (PGE1,
      PGI2 or dipyridamole). These agents, however, did not abolish platelet adherence
      to the subendothelium. Aspirin treatment of the vessel wall was used to block
      PGI2 production; platelet adherence to the surface of the 'undamaged' aorta and
      the subendothelium was studied following this treatment. Since aspirin treatment
      of the 'undamaged' vessel wall did not cause platelets to adhere to it, it seems
      unlikely that PGI2 formation by the vessel wall is the mechanism that prevents
      platelet adherence to normal endothelium. In addition, PGI2 formation by the
      vessel wall does not appear to influence platelet adherence to the
      subendothelium, since adherence was not increased by aspirin treatment of the
      damaged wall. Thrombin treatment of the 'undamaged' vessel wall increased
      platelet adherence to the surface, but the adherent platelets were seen to be
      adherent only to small areas where the endothelium was lost or damaged. Heparin
      reversed the effect of thrombin. Similar results were found when the
      subendothelium was exposed to thrombin or thrombin and heparin.

PMID- 389757
TI  - Clot-promoting effect of platelet-vessel wall interaction: influence of dietary
      fats and relation to arterial thrombus formation in rats.
AB  - A small piece of vascular tissue punched from a rat aorta is able to clot plasma.
      This coagulation process is promoted by blood platelets, especially after their
      activation. Thrombin, generated by this clotting process, plays a key role in
      vessel-wall induced platelet activation. Vascular prostacyclin inhibits vessel
      wall-induced clotting of platelet-rich plasma, possibly by inhibiting platelet
      activation. Type and amount of dietary fats were shown to influence vessel-wall
      induced clotting via at least four different mechanisms, namely: by modifying
      vascular prostacyclin formation; by affecting the clotting potency of the
      vascular tissue per sec; by an effect on some platelet property, probably
      connected with platelet activation; by influencing a plasma factor. Each of these
      mechanisms, as well as the nature of vessel-wall-induced coagulation, requires
      further investigation.

PMID- 389758
TI  - Prostacyclin, thromboxane A2 interactions in haemostasis and thrombosis.
AB  - Prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 are products of arachidonic acid which play a
      role in the regulation of haemostatic plug and thrombus formation. Aspirin
      inhibits the synthesis of both compounds but is more active in blocking TXA2
      formation; based on this, aspirin is suggested to have an anti-thrombotic effect.
      Other possible approaches to the development of anti-thrombotic drugs are
      discussed.

PMID- 389760
TI  - Vascular prostacyclin and plasminogen activator activity in experimental and
      clinical conditions of disturbed haemostasis or thrombosis.
AB  - In several experimental and clinical conditions associated with thrombotic
      tendency, or complicated by thrombotic episodes, either prostacyclin (which
      inhibits platelet aggregation) or plasminogen activator (which promotes
      fibrinolysis), or both, appear to be decreased in the vessel wall. In other
      conditions, however, either activity may not change or even be increased.
      Possibly, vascular damage is followed by an early stimulation of both activities
      (a defence mechanism?) which may be subsequently reduced or exhausted. While the
      role of vascular plasminogen activator in haemorrhagic conditions is apparently
      unknown, prostacyclin activity appears to be markedly enhanced both in
      experimental animals and in patients with uraemia and bleeding complications.
      There is a suggestive evidence that uraemic plasma powerfully stimulates vascular
      prostacyclin generation.

PMID- 389759
TI  - Endogenous mechanisms which regulate prostacyclin release.
AB  - When infused intravenously into anaesthetized cats angiotensin II (1--4
      micrograms/kg) released into the circulation an unstable substance that caused de
      aggregation of platelet clumps, relaxed a strip of bovine coronary artery, and
      its release was blocked by aspirin and indomethacin. Because of these
      characteristics this substance is likely to be prostacyclin. Catecholamines and
      phenylephrine did not induce the release of prostacyclin. It is suggested that a
      chemical modification of the molecule of angiotensin II may render a peptide with
      little hypertensive properties which will be an activator of prostacyclin
      biosynthesis.

PMID- 389761
TI  - [Studies on modification of the reaction to allogeneic skin transplantation under
      the effect of E. coli endotoxin].

PMID- 389762
TI  - [Attempt at evaluation of various symptoms in peptic ulcer].

PMID- 389764
TI  - Adrenergic innervation of the filum terminale of the rabbit foetus observed in
      stretch preparations by the histochemical fluorescence method.

PMID- 389763
TI  - Antibiotic properties of lignin components.
AB  - Inhibitory effects of compounds with guaiacyl and syringyl structure,
      representing the structure of native lignin, were studied on model cultures of
      bacteria, yeasts, yeast-like microorganisms and moulds. Isoeugenol exhibited the
      most pronounced inhibitory effect on growth of the studied microorganisms.

PMID- 389765
TI  - [Juvenile cadaver kidneys as suitable donor organs].
AB  - As several authors stated within the last few years and according to our
      experience as well cadaveric kidneys of young children are suitable for
      transplantation. Considering the shortage of transplantable organs en-bloc
      transplantation should not be performed, even if this provides the opportunity to
      remove one kidney in case of surgical complications. On the other hand by
      transplanting a single organ one donor may help two recipients. Since it is known
      that kidneys of babies under 18 months do not guarantee sufficient function in
      adults, it should be a rule that kidneys of children under 18 months have to be
      transplanted en-bloc, whereas kidneys of older children can be transplanted
      solitarily without hesitation. Long term results with baby kidneys do in no way
      differ from kidneys of adults.

PMID- 389766
TI  - [Kidney preservation by mechanical perfusion or hypothermic storage].
AB  - The efficiency of hypothermic mechanical perfusion and hypothermic storage,
      resp., for kidney preservation was to be examined. For this purpose dog kidneys
      were subdued to 0 to 60 min of warm ischemia, then preserved for 12--72 hours and
      thereafter transplanted. It could be concluded: 1. Hypothermic mechanical
      perfusion makes a successful 72 hour preservation possible with excellent kidney
      function immediately after transplantation. After 30 minutes of warm ischemia the
      preservation period should be limited to 24 hours. 2. Hypothermic storage is
      inferior to mechanical perfusion concerning the immediate function after
      transplantation: 24 hours storage time and 15 minutes of warm ischemia should not
      be exceeded. 3. Kidney function decreases exponentially by the time of
      preservation. This means that the warm ischemic period and the preservation time,
      resp., should be as short as possible to get an undamaged kidney after
      transplantation: the shorter the preservation period the better the kidney
      function after transplantation.

PMID- 389768
TI  - [Nobel prize for chemistry 1979 for the Wittig reaction as a basis for many-sided
      syntheses. Georg Wittig, 60th German Nobel laureate].

PMID- 389767
TI  - [Kidney transplantation in children].
AB  - Ten years' experience of renal transplantation in 40 children (aged 5--18 years)
      is reviewed. Including 3 second transplantations 40 cadaver grafts and 3 living
      donor grafts were transplanted. Mean graft survival was found to be 19 months,
      the longest being 8 years. At the time of last examination 24 children were alive
      wtith a functioning graft (mean serum creatinine level 1.5 mg/dl). After graft
      failure 9 children were again on intermittent hemodialysis. 7 children had died
      mainly because of infections or cardiovascular complications. Cumulative survival
      rate of patients and cadaver grafts after 2 years was 84 and 53% respectively.
      Growth velocity was variable but improved in the majority of patients compared to
      the previous dialysis period. Full social rehabilitation could be achieved in
      every case. Main complications were acute rejections (irreversible in 7 of 67),
      chronic rejections (irreversible in 6 of 10), side effects of immunosuppressive
      drugs (infections; hematologic, metabolic, and bone disorders), hypertension
      (60%), recurrence of primary renal disease (in 5 of 9 patients with focal
      segmental glomerulosclerosis) and surgical complications (28%). Therapeutic guide
      lines are given emphasizing the role of specialized children's centres and the
      cooperation between pediatric nephrologists, immunologists, urologists and
      psychologists including the time before, during and after transplantation.

PMID- 389770
TI  - [The effect of heat and cold on the respiratory system. A review].

PMID- 389769
TI  - [Therapy of Amanita phalloides poisoning. Results of clinical and experimental
      studies].
AB  - On the basis of experimental and clinical results evidence accumulates that
      supportive therapy is still the milestone in the therapy of death cap poisoning.
      Today the letality is 20%. The main cause of the intoxication are the amatoxines
      which inhibit DNA dependent RNA Polymerase II or B. Parts of the supportive
      therapy are: diuresis with 150--200 ml urin/hour, careful corrections of
      disturbances in electrolyte and acid-base-metabolism, oral administration of
      charcoal and oral gut sterilization. In spite of a multitude of experimental and
      clinical reports on the effectivity of Penicillin G, thiocticacid and steroids
      there are no controlled studies to demonstrate the advantage of one regimen over
      the other. The time course of resorption and excretion of amatoxines clearly
      shows that hemoperfusion and/or hemodialysis are only of value if applied within
      the first 24 hours after poisoning. At this time neither anamnestic nor
      biochemical data give any clues to the probable course of the disease.
      Heterologous baboon liver perfusion may be lifesaving in coma hepaticum grade IV,
      but the small amount of cases so far does not yet allow any comments on its
      effectivity.

PMID- 389771
TI  - Demonstration of calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in medullary
      carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT) by immunoperoxidase technique.
AB  - The presence of calcitonin and of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was studied in
      six cases of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid using an immunoperoxidase
      technique. In five cases the material was obtained surgically and in one at
      autopsy. Tissue from primary tumours as well as from metastases was studied.
      Calcitonin and CEA were identified within all the tumours studied, although their
      pattern of distribution and staining intensity varied both within the cells and
      within the tumour. Some parts of the tumour contained both CEA and calcitonin,
      while others stained positively only for one of these substances. In some parts
      of the tumour there was no positive staining for either substance. Within the
      cells, CEA showed a typical linear distribution along cell surfaces, while
      calcitonin showed a more even cytoplasmic distribution and the deposits were more
      granular. Normal tissue surrounding tumour deposits did not show positive
      staining. It is considered that cells of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
      contain both calcitonin and CEA. Identification of CEA and calcitonin in tumour
      tissue can be used as a diagnostic aid to identify medullary carcinoma of the
      thyroid. Iit is considered that these substances are being produced by this
      tumour and can be used as tumour markers.

PMID- 389772
TI  - Legionnaires' disease: case report with special emphasis on electron microscopy
      and potential risk of infection at autopsy.
AB  - A case of Legionnaires' disease (LD) is presented in which the diagnosis was made
      initially by EM and later confirmed by specific immunofluorescence of formalin
      fixed, paraffin-embedded lung tissue. The possibility of an infection with
      Legionella pneumophila during autopsy is suggested by the fact that the
      pathologist who performed the post-mortem examination developed signs and
      symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection 2 weeks afterwards.
      Approximately 4 weeks after the onset of his illness a significant antibody titre
      against L. pneumophila was found in his serum, whereas 6 months later the
      antibody titre was insignificant.

PMID- 389773
TI  - The neuroendocrinology of male reproduction.
AB  - Androgen biosynthesis occurs in Leydig cells and spermatogenesis in the
      seminiferous tubules, but both are under control of the anterior pituitary
      through its secretion of gonadotropins. The hypothalamus is primarly involved in
      feedback control of gonadotropin secretion in response to varying blood levels of
      testicular hormones. Another pituitary steroid, prolactin, also is involved in
      male behavior.

PMID- 389776
TI  - Current topics in health care: an annotated bibliography.

PMID- 389774
TI  - [Localization of the gene for human acid alpha-glucosidase (alpha-GLUa) on the
      17q21 to 17qter by interspecific hybridization (author's transl)].

PMID- 389775
TI  - Illinois State Dental Society 1979-80 membership directory.

PMID- 389777
TI  - Differentiation of functionally active mouse T lymphocytes from functionally
      inactive bone marrow precursors. IV. Recovery of T-cell function from bone marrow
      precursors in a histo-incompatible environment.
AB  - Regeneration of T-cell activities in vivo or in vitro from mouse bone marrow
      precursors differentiating in the presence of an allogeneic thymus was
      investigated. The data indicated that T-depleted bone marrow cells fail to affect
      long-term reconstitution of allogeneic recipients unless a pool of rapidly
      maturing T-precursor cells is also removed (post-thymic pool). Animals
      reconstituted with pre-thymic bone marrow stem cells become stable chimaeras in
      which cells capable of generating an in vitro CML response to host antigens, as
      well as cells capable of suppressing that response, could be demonstrated.
      Similar data (CML directed against the H-2 antigens of the 'host' thymus feeder
      layer and cells capable of inhibiting that response) were obtained when pre
      thymic bone marrow cells were grown in vitro on allogeneic thymus feeder cells.
      When cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursor (CTLp) and helper (CTLh) cells were
      separately investigated, a restriction in their co-operation for an anti-host
      response was observed when precursor cells differentiated in an allogeneic
      environment. Only CTLp and CTLh differentiating in the presence of the same
      allogeneic thymus source (whether in vivo or in vitro) could co-operate to
      generate CTL directed to H-2 antigens of that thymus source.

PMID- 389778
TI  - Studies on the control of antibody synthesis. XIII. Preferential depeletion of
      precursors of high affinity antibody-secreting cells by specific
      immunoadsorbents.
AB  - Passage of spleen or bone marrow cells from non-immunized donors through a DNP
      Ova coated Degalan bead immunoadsorbent column resulted in a specific depletion
      of the ability of the cell population to restore the anti-DNP antibody response
      to DNP-BGG by lethally irradiated mice. There was a preferential depletion of
      precursors of high affinity antibody-secreting cells which is consistent with the
      view that these cells bear high affinity antigen receptors. The cell population
      passed through the immunoadsorbent column was also preferentially depleted of the
      capacity to produce high affinity direct anti-DNP PFC in comparison with thigh
      affinity indirect anti-DNP PFC. These findings suggest, but do not prove, that
      different subpopulations of antigen-binding cells are precursors for direct and
      indirect PFC.

PMID- 389779
TI  - Peritoneal exudate T lymphocytes with specificity to sheep red blood cells. II.
      Inflammatory helper T cells and effector T cells in mice with delayed-type
      hypersensitivity and in suppressed mice.
AB  - Peritoneal exudate cells were induced in mice 4 days after immunization with
      SRBC. A low dose of SRBC (10(6) i.v.) caused T lymphocytes to appear in
      inflammatory exudates. These cells, not only transferred DTH reactions, but also
      functioned as helper T cells in antibody production after transfer to syngeneic
      nu/nu recipient mice. After a high dose of SRBC (10(9) i.v.), very few helper T
      cells and no DTH transferring T cells were found in inflammatory exudates,
      although they were present in the spleen. It is postulated that T cells mediating
      DTH reactions and helper T cells behave similarly as far as those dose dependency
      of appearance in inflammatory exudates is concerned. A high dose of sensitizing
      antigen causes retention of helper and effector T cells in the spleen, in this
      way favouring antibody formation; low doses of antigen allow them to leave the
      spleen, thus favouring mediation of DTH reactions in the periphery.

PMID- 389781
TI  - Delayed rejection of cardiac xenografts in C6-deficient rabbits.
AB  - Puppy hearts were engrafted to C6-deficient rabbits, and also to complement
      sufficient animals in order to determine the influence of the sixth component of
      complement on xenograft rejection. Delayed rejection was observed in the puppy
      hearts engrafted to the C6-deficient animals indicating that complement
      sufficiency of C6 is required for hyperacute xenograft rejection.

PMID- 389780
TI  - Effector cells, molecules and mechanisms in host-protective immunity to
      parasites.

PMID- 389782
TI  - The influence of T cells on the initiation and expression of immunological
      memory.
AB  - Nude and normal CBA mice have been used in adoptive transfer experiments to
      analyse the development of immunological memory. The development of B-cell memory
      to xenogeneic erythrocyte antigens is to a very large degree dependent on the
      presence of T cells, with IgG memory being somewhat more dependent than IgM
      memory. In this system, the expression of B memory, that is the transformation of
      memory cells to antibody-secreting cells under the inductive influence of
      antigen, is largely dependent on the presence of T cells. Primed (educated) T
      cells can have an antigen-specific potentiating effect on unprimed B cells in the
      presence of antigen.

PMID- 389783
TI  - Studies on B-cell memory. II. T-cell independent antigen can induce B-cell
      memory.
AB  - Both athymic nude mice and normal mice primed with a T-cell independent antigen,
      i.e. dinitrophenylated dextran (DNP-DE), at a sub-immunogenic dose, produced very
      poor anti-DNP responses to a later challenge with the same antigen. B-cell memory
      was expressed, however, as an enhanced IgM response after the challenge of the
      DNP-DE-primed mice with the T-cell dependent antigen (dinitrophenylated
      haemocyanin, DNP-KLH) in the presence of functional T-cells. Moreover, DNP-DE
      primed spleen cells also revealed an enhanced IgM response after adoptive
      transfer into irradiated recipients and challenge with DNP-DE. The injections of
      DNP-DE-primed nude mouse serum into unprimed mice resulted in the reduction of
      anti-DNP response to the immunization with DNP-DE. These results indicate that
      (a) T-cell independent DNP-DE causes the differentiation of B cells not only into
      antibody-forming cells but also into memory cells, (b) these memory cells can be
      triggered in situ by the T-cell dependent DNP-KLH in the presence of helper T
      cells but not by T-cell independent antigen, and (c) some humoral factor(s)
      induced by DNP-DE-priming seems to interfere with the expression of B-cell memory
      only when challenged with T-cell independent DNP-DE.

PMID- 389784
TI  - Interaction of subpopulations of murine lymph node lymphocytes in antigen-induced
      [14C]-thymidine incorporation: T and B cell synergy in the response to antigen.
AB  - The antigen-induced [14C]-thymidine incorporation of murine lymph node cells
      (LNC) that were non-adherent (NAD) or adherent (AD) to nylon wool was studied. In
      contrast to NAD-LNC, AD-LNC responded like unfractionated LNC, and these
      responses were T lymphocyte dependent. By co-culturing NAD-LNC with
      subpopulations of AD-LNC the cellular requirements and interactions necessary for
      maximal incorporation of [14C]-thymidine were determined. A synergistic effect
      was observed when NAD-LNC and AD-LNC were co-cultured. Synergism was not
      dependent on T lymphocytes or macrophages in the AD-LNC population but was
      associated with the B lymphocyte subpopulation. These results indicate that the
      number of B lymphocytes present in a population of LNC can significantly
      influence the magnitude of the response to antigen.

PMID- 389785
TI  - The effect of anti-microvillus membrane antibodies on the transport of IgG across
      the suckling rat intestine.
AB  - Rabbits were immunized with a preparation of microvillus membranes derived from
      the absorptive cells of the small intestine of suckling rats. The resulting
      immune serum contained antibodies which reacted specifically with the brush
      borders and walls of cytoplasmic vesicles of the intestinal cells, and was more
      effective than normal serum in preventing the transport of IgG across the
      intestinal cells. These results reflect the participation of microvillus membrane
      components, or receptors, in the transport mechanism.

PMID- 389786
TI  - Human Ia-like antigens in non-lymphoid organs.
AB  - Human Ia-like antigens in liver and kidney were shown by the immunofluorescence
      assay to be present mostly in the endothelial-mesenchymal cells of these organs.
      The parenchymal cells apparently contained no human Ia-like antigens. The
      antigens in liver and kidney were purified and shown to have the same subunit
      structure as human Ia-like antigens of cultured B-lymphoid cells. The human Ia
      like antigens in non-lymphoid organs, not only in liver and kidney but also in
      testis, heart, muscle and brain, carried all the xenoantigenic characteristics of
      human Ia-like antigens expressed on lymphoid cells of B-cell lineage.

PMID- 389787
TI  - In vitro investigation of autoantibody-secreting peritoneal cells and their
      regulation.
AB  - A high proportion of peritoneal cells from untreated mice, after 4--5 days in
      culture, develop into plaque-forming cells against bromelain-treated mouse red
      blood cells. The number of plaque-forming cells was increased significantly by
      exposing the peritoneal cells to ammonium chloride to lyse red blood cells before
      culture. Conversely, the increase was significantly inhibited by adding before
      culture untreated or bromelain-treated sheep or mouse red blood cells. Treated or
      untreated horse or rat red blood cells did not inhibit the increase. Treating
      peritoneal cells or subpopulations of peritoneal cells with anti-theta serum and
      complement before culture caused a significant increase in the number of plaque
      forming cells against bromelain-treated red blood cells after 3--4 days of
      culture. Various procedures were used to fractionate peritoneal cells into B-cell
      enriched and B-cell depleted subpopulations before culture and after culture, to
      investigate whether some of the plaque-forming cells could be attributed to
      phagocytic cells. Generally, changes in the number of plaque-forming cells
      against bromelain-treated mouse red blood cells paralleled changes in B-cells. In
      some experiments the proportion of plaque-forming cells observed represented up
      to 85% of the B-cells present. The results suggest that the high level of
      autoreactivity is due to antibody production by B-cells and that phagocytic cells
      are not forming spurious plaques. Further, it appears that the autoimmunity is
      regulated by T-cells and can also be inhibited by mouse RBC.

PMID- 389788
TI  - Secretory IgA does not enhance the bacteriostatic effects of iron-binding or
      vitamin B12-binding proteins in human colostrum.
AB  - Human milk contains an unsaturated iron-binding protein (lactoferrin) and an
      unsaturated vitamin B12-binding protein. Lactoferrin has bacteriostatic
      properties, and a bacteriostatic role for the B12-binding protein has been
      postulated. In this study the bacteriostatic effect of lactoferrin was confirmed
      for strains of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas and Proteus. Growth inhibition
      attributable to the unsaturated B12-binding protein could be demonstrated only
      with a known vitamin B12-dependent E. coli. It has previously been shown that the
      bacteriostatic effect of lactoferrin is potentiated by horse IgG antibody, and a
      similar potentiating effect of secretory IgA antibody in colostrum and milk would
      have obvious importance. An attempt was therefore made to demonstrate
      potentiation of bacteriostatic effects by naturally occurring secretory IgA
      antibody to E. coli. The results obtained indicate that secretory IgA antibody
      does not enhance the growth-inhibiting effects of either lactoferrin or the
      vitamin B12-binding protein.

PMID- 389789
TI  - Long-term human peripheral blood monocyte cultures: establishment, metabolism and
      morphology of primary human monocyte-macrophage cell cultures.
AB  - Human peripheral blood monocytes were maintained in in vitro culture for periods
      up to 4 months using a non-human serum source. Monocytes were cultured in
      Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium buffered with 20 mM HEPES and containing 10%
      horse serum and 10% foetal calf serum. The metabolic and morphological changes
      which occur in vitro were investigated using microtitre, Linbro and T 25
      cultures. During culture, monocytes increased in size, had increased membrane
      activity as visualized by SEM, and differentiated into a morphologically
      heterogeneous population of fusiform and epithelioid shapes. These cell types
      retained the ability to phagocytose E glut and EA and to rosette with EA and EAC.
      Larger giant polynucleated cells were also observed during culture; many of these
      lacked the ability to bind or phagocytose inert or antibody-coated erythrocytes.
      Increases in lysozyme release and acid phosphatase activity also occurred during
      culture. Cultured monocytes exhibited characteristic profiles of leucine and
      uridine uptake with maximal activity observed by 5 days of culture. There was no
      detectable uptake of thymidine. Detailed analysis of regulatory processes
      involved in monocyte growth and differentiation could be performed with this in
      vitro system.

PMID- 389791
TI  - Benign pulmonary cryptococcosis.

PMID- 389790
TI  - Hydrocortisone and the antibody response in mice. II. Correlations between serum
      and antibody and PFC in thymus, spleen, marrow and lymph nodes.
AB  - The discovery that corticosteroids can alter leucocyte distribution implies that
      suppression of PFC in the spleen is not necessarily indicative of suppression of
      the antibody response as a whole. Therefore we have examined IgM and IgG serum
      antibodies and PFC in the thymus, spleen, femoral marrow, popliteal, thoracic and
      mesenteric lymph nodes of mice given a single injection of hydrocortisone acetate
      at various times relative to primary immunization with SRBC. Contrary to certain
      reports, there was close correlation between suppression of serum antibody and of
      splenic PFC, from which it was predicted and verified that few PFC could be
      detected elsewhere. In our hands, therefore, splenic PFC measurements did give an
      accurate indication of suppression overall. The characteristics of suppression
      suggest some of the underlying causes, and these are discussed.

PMID- 389792
TI  - Thyroid function in patients with chronic renal failure.

PMID- 389794
TI  - Clinical trial of piperazine hydrate and pyrvinium pamoate in ascariasis and
      oxyuriasis infestation.

PMID- 389793
TI  - Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 389795
TI  - Spina bifida and cranium bifidum--report of 19 cases.

PMID- 389797
TI  - Vicryl suture in ophthalmic surgery.

PMID- 389796
TI  - Therapeutic keratoplasty in herpetic keratitis.

PMID- 389798
TI  - Immune response to extracellular and somatic antigens in streptococcal infection
      and sequelae.
AB  - The aim of the present study is to define that temporal relationships of the IgM
      and IgG responses to streptococcal group A carbohydrate (CHO) in rabbits and in
      man. Rabbits were immunized with group A streptococci and the development of anti
      group A carbohydrate (ACHO) was studied. ACHO which appeared one week after the
      beginning of immunization belonged to the 19S class of immunoglobulins (IgM). A
      two- to four-fold rise in ACHO titers and immunoglobulins of the 7S class (IgG)
      were observed after two weeks. Three weeks after the beginning of immunization,
      the ACHO titer was at a maximum. In the following months no further rises in
      titer were seen, and the antibodies belonged mostly to the IgG class. IgM and IgG
      responses to streptococcal CHO and to extracellular antigens in patients with
      pharyngitis, acute rheumatic fever (ARF), and acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) were
      studied. Higher values of IgM were found in pharyngitis and AGN sera than in ARF
      sera, probably reflecting the interval between streprococcal infection and time
      of bleeding. ACHO antibodies persisted in patients' sera for long periods and
      belonged to IgG and IgM. This suggests a continuous, rather than a persistent,
      production of ACHO.

PMID- 389799
TI  - Interference by an alpha-hemolytic streptococcus of beta-hemolytic pathogenic
      streptococci.

PMID- 389800
TI  - Iron, folates & vitamin B12: physiology and interrelations.

PMID- 389801
TI  - Bacteriological study of diarrhoea in infancy and childhood (part I).

PMID- 389802
TI  - Effect of antibodies and complement on the interaction between Escherichia coli
      0111:B4 and polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
AB  - The interaction of Escherichia coli 0111:B4 with polymorphonuclear leukocytes in
      the presence of specific antibodies and complement was studied. This strain,
      which is resistant to phagocytosis by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, may be
      ingested and killed by the phagocytes in the presence of both antibodies and
      fresh serum. The ineffectiveness of fresh serum to promote ingestion of E. coli
      0111:B4 by the phagocytes in the absence of antibodies reflects the inability of
      this strain to activate the complement system through the alternative pathway.
      Investigation of the mechanisms of the bacterial killing by polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes showed that both antibodies and complement were required for the
      oxygen-independent bactericidal system, whereas they were not needed for the
      oxygen-dependent system.

PMID- 389804
TI  - [Antibacterial activity of cefotaxim in comparison with seven cephalosporins].
AB  - The antibacterial activity of cefotaxim and seven cephalosporins was determined
      in 1,112 fresh isolates using the microdilution technique. All of the
      cephalosporins tested were ineffective against enterococci. Cefalotin was the
      most effective agent against Staphylococcus aureus. Cefaclor was superior to
      cephalexin against Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, and thus inhibited 20%
      more Enterobacteriaceae. Cefazolin was as effective as cefamandole against E.
      coli. Cefuroxime and cefoxitin were almost equally effective against E. coli,
      Klebsiella and P. mirabilis; more than 95% of the strains were sensitive.
      Cefuroxime and also cefamandole were much more effective than cefoxitin against
      Citrobacter and Enterobacter. Cefoxitin on the other hand was superior against
      Serratia and indol-positive Proteus species. Cefotaxim was by far the most active
      cephalosporin against Enterobacteriaceae, only 2% of the strains being resistant.
      More than 90% of the strains of E. coli, Klebsiella, P. mirabilis and Serratia
      were sensitive to 1 mg/l, the lowest degree of activity being displayed against
      Enterobacter; 82% of the strains were inhibited by 16 mg/l. Cefotaxim was the
      only cephalosporin which showed appreciable activity against Pseudomonas.

PMID- 389803
TI  - [Meningitis in an infant caused by Pasteurella multocida. Case report and review
      of other manifestations (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report on an infant with meningitis caused by Pasteurella multocida.
      The problems of aetiology, diagnosis, and therapy of these infections are
      discussed with reference to this patient and other cases of P. multocida
      infection.

PMID- 389805
TI  - In vitro comparison of synergism between cefamandole and gentamicin or tobramycin
      by the triple layer agar method with enzymatic inactivation.
AB  - A synergistic effect was shown with gentamicin and tobramycin by means of a
      triple layer agar technique and enzymatic inactivation of cefamandole after only
      four hours' incubation. When the strain is sensitive to cefamandole and
      aminoglycosides, synergy is observed against all the strains studied
      (Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, and
      Haemophilus influenzae). No significant difference was noted between the
      cefamandole-tobramycin and the cefamandole-gentamicin combinations when the
      microbial strains were sensitive to the three antibiotics.

PMID- 389806
TI  - In vitro investigations with fosfomycin on Mueller-Hinton agar with and without
      glucose-6-phosphate.
AB  - Determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration of fosfomycin in the agar
      dilution test on Mueller-Hinton agar showed that the addition of glucose-6
      phosphate to the nutrient medium potentiates the action of fosfomycin against
      Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Citrobacter and Staphylococcus
      aureus, sometimes by as much as 256-fold. Such a potentiation of action was not
      detectable with Serratia marcescens, the individual Proteus species, Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa or enterococci. Fosfomycin is very effective against most medically
      important bacterial species on Mueller-Hinton agar containing 25 micrograms/ml
      glucose-6-phosphate. Over 90% of the cultures of E. coli, Citrobacter,
      Enterobacter, S. marcescens,Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus
      rettgeri, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and enterococci examined were inhibited by
      less than or equal to 64 micrograms/ml fosfomycin.

PMID- 389807
TI  - Synergistic antibacterial activity in vitro of trimethoprim and sulphonamides and
      the importance of pharmacokinetic properties for optimal therapy.

PMID- 389808
TI  - The effect of trimethoprim-sulphonamide, trimethoprim and sulphonamide on the
      occurrence of resistant enterobacteriaceae in human intestinal flora.
AB  - After the administration of various antimicrobial agents for chemotherapeutic
      purposes a general change in the intestinal flora of the patient is often
      observed. In contrast, the combination trimethoprim-sulphonamide causes in most
      cases a strong selective decrease in the number of Enterobacteriaceae organisms
      for treatment periods as long as four to 12 weeks. The results correspond to
      clinical experience with trimethoprim-sulphonamide therapy in urinary tract
      infection where reinfections with resistant organisms are the exception.

PMID- 389809
TI  - Synergistic activity of co-trimazine and co-trimoxazole in the urine.
AB  - Co-trimazine (sulphadiazine, 410 mg + trimethoprim, 90 mg) is a new drug
      combination developed especially for use in the treatment of urinary tract
      infections. In cross-over experiments in volunteers receiving daily doses of co
      trimazine (2 X 500 mg and 1 X 1000 mg), co-trimoxazole (2X960 mg), or
      nitrofurantoin (3X50 mg), the degree of antibacterial activity of co-trimazine in
      the urine was at least as high as that of co-trimoxazole and much higher and more
      consistent than that of nitrofurantoin. In further cross-over experiments in
      volunteers receiving co-trimazine 2X1000 mg or co-trimoxazole 2X960 mg for four
      days no or only slight activity was found in the urine against a sulphonamide
      resistant Group D streptococcus, but distinct synergistic activity between the
      components was found against four Escherichia coli strains sensitive to
      trimethoprim and sensitive or resistant to sulphonamides. Against three of the
      latter strains the degree of activity in the urine was higher after co-trimazine
      than after cotrimoxazole. The synergistic action of trimethoprim and sulphonamide
      in the urine appeared greater with the former than with the latter combination.

PMID- 389811
TI  - Efficacy of two trimethoprim-sulphonamide combinations in experimental
      pyelonephritis in the rat.
AB  - Co-trimazine, a new combination of trimethoprim and sulphadiazine intended for
      treatment of urinary tract infections, was tested and compared to co-trimoxazole
      in an experimental model of acute, obstructive pyelonephritis in the rat. The
      tests were carried out at four dose levels corresponding to the clinically
      recommended doses and to 1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 of the latter. The drugs were
      administered orally. Co-trimazine was found to have a greater antibacterial
      activity than co-trimoxazole and its use at a lower dosage than that of the
      latter appears warranted.

PMID- 389810
TI  - The pharmacokinetics of trimethoprim and trimethoprim/sulphonamide combinations,
      including penetration into body tissues.
AB  - In this review the pharmacokinetic properties of trimethoprim (TMP) and
      TMP/sulphonamide combinations are discussed. The concentration of both substances
      in the various body fluids and tissues differ considerably from the
      concentrations in blood due to the different distribution of TMP and
      sulphonamides in the body. As a rule the ratio of the concentration of TMP to
      sulphonamide is higher in most body fluids and secretions than in blood. If
      inflammation is present, the concentrations vary considerably. The
      pharmacokinetic data must be taken into account when making in vitro tests. At
      the site of inflammation a TMP/sulphonamide concentration factor of 1:0.5 to 1:4
      can be expected in urine and of 1:2 to 1:5 in tissue.

PMID- 389812
TI  - Development of sulphonamide-trimethoprim combinations for urinary tract
      infections. Part I: Comparison of the antibacterial effect of sulphonamides alone
      and in combination with trimethoprim.
AB  - Plasma half life and in vitro activity were major criteria for selection of
      sulphonamides which are likely to give a strong synergistic action with
      trimethoprim in vivo. On the basis of literature data six sulphonamides,
      sulphadiazine, sulphachloropyridazine, sulphamethoxazole, sulphaisodimidine,
      sulphamerazine and sulphamethomidine appeared particularly suitable for
      combination with trimethoprim. An investigation of the activity in vitro of these
      compounds and their combinations with the latter against clinically isolated,
      sulphonamide-sensitive Klebsiella-Enterobacter and Escherichia coli strains
      showed optimal synergy at trimethoprim-sulphonamide ratios between 1:10 and 1:40,
      but that appreciable mutual potentiation occurred within a rather broad range of
      concentration ratios. Limited experiments indicated that synergy occurs less
      frequently and is less pronounced against sulphonamide resistant bacteria. The
      different sulphonamides behaved rather similarly in their combinations with
      trimethoprim, and in order to find the best sulphonamide, detailed comparisons of
      the pharmacokinetic properties of the different combinations are necessary.

PMID- 389813
TI  - Double-blind comparison of sulphonamide-trimethoprim combinations in acute
      uncomplicated urinary tract infections.
AB  - The effects of a twice daily dosage of a combination of 410 mg sulphadiazine + 90
      mg trimethoprim (SD + TMP) and 800 mg sulphamethoxazole + 160 mg trimethoprim
      (SMZ + TMP) were compared in uncomplicated urinary tract infections. All but one
      patient in each treatment group, i.e. 36 SD + TMP treated and 42 SMZ + TMP
      treated patients respectively, were cured. The percentage of side-effects related
      to therapy in the patients receiving the combination with sulphadiazine was 15.1%
      and in those with sulphamethoxazole 23.7%. Due to the small number tested,
      however, differences were not statistically different. It is noteworthy that only
      one of the SD + TMP patients had to stop therapy because of a rash, whereas
      therapy was stopped for this reason in three of the SMZ + TMP patients. SD + TMP
      represents a good alternative to SMZ + TMP in the treatment of urinary tract
      infections.

PMID- 389814
TI  - A clinical study of co-trimazine in comparison with co-trimoxazole and sulphalene
      in urinary tract infections.
AB  - Co-trimoxazole, co-trimazine and sulphalene were tested in a controlled clinical
      trial of the treatment of urinary tract infections. Forty-three patients were
      treated with co-trimoxazole, 41 with co-trimazine, and 21 with sulphalene. During
      the study, sulphalene was found to be inferior to the other drugs and was
      excluded from further trials. The clinical efficacy of co-trimoxazole and co
      trimazine was equal although the doses of trimethoprim and sulphonamide in co
      trimoxazole were much higher than that in co-trimazine. In the latter
      sulphadiazine was used instead of sulphamethoxazole, the intention being to
      increase the concentration of active sulphonamide in the urine. Side effects
      tended to be less frequent in the patients treated with co-trimazine, although
      not significantly.

PMID- 389815
TI  - The use of co-trimazine and co-trimoxazole in elderly patients with urinary tract
      infections.
AB  - In a double-blind study geriatric patients received either 410 mg sulphadiazine
      plus 90 mg trimethoprim (co-trimazine) or 800 mg sulphamethoxazole plus 160 mg
      trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole) twice daily. The investigation was carried out in
      order to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of co-trimazine in relation to
      co-trimoxazole with special emphasis on laboratory data in elderly patients
      suffering from uncomplicated urinary tract infections. Two to four weeks after
      start of treatment the original pathogen was eradicated in 80% of the 40 patients
      that were assessable for the effect of co-trimazine therapy, and in 77.8% of the
      39 assessable patients in the co-trimoxazole group. There were no statistically
      significant differences between the two treatment groups in terms of laboratory
      data. Both drugs were well tolerated.

PMID- 389816
TI  - Clinical studies on co-trimazine in children.
AB  - A study of co-trimazine tablets in 52 cases of urinary tract infection in
      children has shown that co-trimazine is at least as effective as co-trimoxazole,
      in which both the sulphonamide and the trimethoprim dose is higher than with co
      trimazine. The frequency of side-effects (gastro-intestinal intolerance and
      allergic manifestations) was low. A sucrose-free suspension of cotrimazine for
      use in younger children was tested and found to have very good properties, as
      judged by a high acceptability rate among the young patients. Only one of 44
      children refused to take the medicine during the prescribed fourteen days of
      therapy.

PMID- 389817
TI  - Clinical study of co-trimazine in urinary tract infections: a comparison with
      nitrofurantoin.
AB  - Co-trimazine, a new preparation of sulphadiazine and trimethoprim, was compared
      with nitrofurantoin in a double-blind trial on patients with acute urinary tract
      infections. Co-trimazine had a bacteriological cure rate of 95% as compared to
      88% for nitrofurantoin. There were no statistically significant differences in
      laboratory findings or in clinical side-effects between the two laboratory
      findings or in clinical side-effects between the two preparations. It was
      concluded that co-trimazine might constitute a valuable addition amongst drugs
      suitable for treatment of acute urinary tract infections.

PMID- 389818
TI  - Treatment of urinary tract infections with sulphonamide and/or trimethoprim. A
      preliminary report from a multipractice study.
AB  - In a double-blind study 1194 patients with bacteriologically diagnosed urinary
      tract infection were randomly selected for treatment with either 1 g
      sulphamethizole twice daily, 200 mg trimethoprim twice daily, or 410 mg
      sulphadiazine plus 90 mg trimethoprim twice daily. All drugs were administered
      perorally for seven days. Two weeks after commencement of therapy 70% of the
      patients treated with sulphamethizole, 80% of those treated with trimethoprim and
      85% of those treated with sulphadiazine/trimethoprim had sterile urine. After ten
      weeks 25% of the patients had bacteriuria irrespective of the form of treatment.
      Side-effects such as skin reactions occurred in 4.1% of the patients treated with
      trimethoprim alone, in 1.4% of those treated with sulphamethizole and in 3.2% of
      those treated with trimethoprim/sulphadiazine.

PMID- 389820
TI  - Influence of aminopenicillins on bacterial growth kinetics in vitro in comparison
      with the antibacterial effect in vivo.
AB  - To quantify the relative antibacterial efficacy of beta-lactam antibiotics in
      vitro, a mathematical description of bacterial growth was developed. Curves of
      growth in the presence of the antibiotic are expressed as quadratic functions of
      time, with initial growth rate (ko) and rate of change of growth (a) as
      concentration dependant variables. For these variables the concentration-effect
      slopes were not parallel; therefore the potency ratio varied between 1 (at about
      2 mg/l) and 2 (at higher concentrations). The relative efficacy in vivo was
      expressed as a potency ratio with regard to the number of bacteria in an infected
      thigh muscle in mice. The potency ratio was 1.5, which is between the limits of
      the in vitro results.

PMID- 389819
TI  - The aminopenicillins: development and comparative properties.
AB  - In this review we have compared and contrasted the antibacterial and
      pharmacological properties of the aminopenicillins currently available. It is
      apparent that there is little hard evidence (except in the case of thphoid fever)
      that either amoxycillin or the pro-drug esters of ampicillin are significantly
      more effective than ampicillin itself, despite their better absorption and higher
      serum levels. However, amoxycillin and the ampicillin pro-drug esters do cause
      fewer bowel side-effects than ampicillin, which may justify their use despite the
      extra cost involved. The problem of susceptibility to penicillinases is unlikely
      to be solved by modification of the aminopenicillin molecule. A more likely
      solution is administration of these substances with beta-lactamase inhibitors
      such as clavulanic acid. Trials with such combinations are already under way.

PMID- 389822
TI  - Efficacy of bacampicillin and ampicillin in experimental pyelonephritis in the
      rat.
AB  - Bacampicillin and ampicillin were tested and compared with each other in a model
      of acute, obstructive pyelonephritis in the rat. The compounds were administered
      orally at five dose levels ranging from 50 mg/kg to 150 mg/kg. Bacampicillin was
      found to have a greater therapeutic activity than ampicillin, particulary at the
      higher doses, indicating that its improved absorption properties make it a
      therapeutically more effective compound than ampicillin.

PMID- 389821
TI  - Comparative in vivo activity of bacampicillin and amoxycillin.
AB  - Bacampicillin is an orally well-absorbed pro-drug of ampicillin giving high in
      vivo levels of the latter. Its therapeutic activity was compared with that of
      amoxycillin in two experimental infection models in mice. The animals were
      infected with suspensions of Escherichia coli III and Haemophilus influenzae
      22863 intraperitoneally and treated orally four hours afterwards with one of the
      two compounds. The antibacterial activity of the compounds was determined as CD50
      values or by making viable counts in the blood and in organ homogenates of the
      animals. Ampicillin and amoxycillin had the same inhibitory but different
      bactericidal activity against the test strains. Both compounds appeared to have
      similar therapeutic activity and were found to cause a rapid decrease of the
      bacterial counts in the animals. Bacampicillin appeared to give a more rapid
      bactericidal activity than amoxycillin against the Haemophilus influenzae strain,
      whereas amoxycillin initially appeared more bactericidal against the Escherichia
      coli infection.

PMID- 389823
TI  - Clinical pharmacological evaluation of aminopenicillins.
AB  - To establish the clinical value of antibiotics, clinical trials are necessary.
      Both bacteriological and clinical-pharmacological data are helpful when designing
      a proper clinical trial. The difference between amoxicillin and ampicillin
      preparations cannot be defined on pharmacokinetic grounds alone. The difference
      in absorption between ampicillin and either pivampicillin or bacampicillin shows
      the latter two to be superior.

PMID- 389824
TI  - A dose response study with bacampicillin in uncomplicated gonorrhoea.
AB  - In a systematic study of dose-response relationship 883 patients with
      uncomplicated gonorrhoea were given single oral doses of 400, 800 or 1600 mg
      bacampicillin, with 1 g probenecid. A single dose of bacampicillin 800 mg plus
      probenecid was the minimum effective dose in patients with fully ampicillin
      sensitive strains. In patients with gonococci showing reduced sensitivity to
      ampicillin, 1600 mg bacampicillin was required to reach a cure rate above 95%.
      Bacampicillin was well tolerated in all treatment groups. Side-effects were
      reported in 4.6% of the courses of treatment. The most frequent adverse reaction
      was loose stools (1.9%), which was noted more often after the 1600 mg dose but
      was considered to be of no or very little clinical importance.

PMID- 389825
TI  - Bacampicillin and ampicillin in urinary tract infections: a double-blind
      comparison of efficacy and tolerance.
AB  - A total of 100 hospitalized patients with upper and lower urinary tract
      infections were treated with bacampicillin or ampicillin. The treatment was
      double-blind and 50 patients were randomly allocated to each group, receiving 800
      mg of bacampicillin or 2 g of ampicillin t. i. d. for ten days. The distribution
      by age and sex was similar in the two groups. Assessments of therapeutic response
      and tolerance were made two and six weeks after initiation of therapy. In 89% of
      the patients treated with bacampicillin and 68% of the ampicillin-treated
      patients both the bacteria and the symptoms were eliminated at the first follow
      up visit three days after end of therapy. Relapse of reinfection occurred in 44%
      of the ampicillin-treated patients as compared to 7% in the bacampicillin-treated
      patients. Side-effects occurred significantly less frequently with bacampicillin
      compared with ampicillin (p less than 0.05). Treatment had to be stopped on
      account of side-effects in 16 patients treated with ampicillin compared with only
      four patients treated with bacampicillin.

PMID- 389827
TI  - A double-blind comparison of the clinical tolerance of bacampicillin and
      pivampicillin. A preliminary report.
AB  - In this double-blind study, the clinical tolerance of high doses of bacampicillin
      hydrochloride (800 mg t. i. d.) and of pivampicillin base (700 mg t. i. d.)
      administered for ten days were compared in out-patients with acute urinary tract
      infections. The clinical response was comparable with that previously reported
      for those antibiotics. Upper gastrointestinal side-effects were more common after
      treatment with pivampicillin and were reported in 9/38 patients compared to 3/34
      patients treated with bacampicillin. The duration of the symptoms of the side
      effects was also more prolonged after pivampicillin than after bacampicillin.

PMID- 389826
TI  - Elimination of bacteria during antibacterial chemotherapy--a neglected parameter
      of chemotherapy.
AB  - In 25 patients with urinary tract infections (pathogen Escherichia coli), colony
      counts from bacteria in the urine were done before and after treatment with
      antibiotics. Both 800 mg bacampicillin and ampicillin have a higher bactericidal
      effect in urine than co-trimoxazole. Patients with acute urinary tract infections
      given 400 mg bacampicillin and patients with chronic infections given double that
      dosage showed equally good results. In uncomplicated urinary tract infections
      with sensitive strains treated with cefotaxime, the colony count was reduced
      markedly faster than in infections in patients with kidney insufficiency or
      infection with multiresistant strains. The reduction of the colony count from the
      urine of patients with urinary tract infections and multiresistant strains during
      treatment with antibiotics is an important criterion in the evaluation of
      antibiotics. Such tests should supplement the customary sensitivity checks of
      antibiotics, the MIC and the agar diffusion test in the early phases of clinical
      trials.

PMID- 389830
TI  - Physiological and social factors of importance for the older edentulous patient.

PMID- 389829
TI  - [Cross infection: a new approach to an old problem].

PMID- 389831
TI  - Conservative and prosthetic rehabilitation procedures in the dentition of old
      people.
AB  - The therapeutic possibilities of conservative and prosthetic rehabilitation
      procedures are set out in this survey. In particular the aim was to find out
      whether these are suitable for retaining functional dentition into old age. The
      anatomical characteristics (Figs. 1 and 3) and secondary dysgnathic alterations
      of the dentition in the period of senescence make dental therapy considerably
      more difficult. The tooth-coloured filling materials do not behave as permanently
      in the mouth as could be wished. They are unsuitable for use in posterior teeth,
      and are in urgent need of improvement. The amalgam filling should still be
      regarded as the agent of choice for treatment of the cheek teeth, although cast
      precious metal inlays have been successful over a long period of time (Fig. 6).
      Too little use is made of veneer crowns in the anterior area with increasing age
      (Fig. 7), although the prospect of long term success is good. It was possible to
      establish statistically that tooth-coloured plastics are inferior to ceramic and
      metal ceramic crowns because of the greater retention of plaque. Ceramic should
      accordingly be preferred even with bridges in the anterior area. The replacement
      of missing teeth with removable partial dentures is the typical method of dental
      treatment for the period of senescence (Figs. 10-12). An attempt was made by
      bringing together various principles of planning and construction to lay down
      guidelines for dentures in older patients. With prosthetic care the fact that
      there are large differences in the physical and mental vitality of the older
      person, and that vitality frequently decreases rapidly for the most varied
      reasons, should not be overlooked. Even at this stage dentures should still prove
      functional.

PMID- 389832
TI  - The dental technician in Australia.
AB  - The training, employment and distribution of dental technicians in Australia is
      described. Since 1945 illegal practice by dental technicians has been widespread
      particularly among a group of technicians who operate one-man surgeries and
      operate illegally full time. Legislation has now been introduced in Tasmania,
      Victoria and New South Wales to permit registered technicians to make dentures
      direct to the patient and similar legislation is imminent in South Australia. The
      hope is expressed that the trend away from a technician being employed on the
      premises by the dental practitioner may be reversed, and that with the increasing
      sophistication of dental treatment and the technician being treated much more as
      a full member of the dental team, his interest and job satisfaction can be
      significantly improved.

PMID- 389833
TI  - The legal role of the dental technician in Finland.

PMID- 389834
TI  - The organisation of dialysis services and the role of transplantation.

PMID- 389828
TI  - Studies on aminopenicillin developments. Proceedings of a symposium. Concluding
      remarks.
AB  - This symposium has focused on the bacteriological, pharmacokinetic, therapeutic,
      and adverse effects of the aminopenicillins. The compounds which are currently
      being assessed are primarily amoxycillin, ampicillin, bacampicillin,
      pivampicillin, and talampicillin. The three last mentioned are prodrugs which
      upon gastrointestinal absorption are rapidly split to yield circulating
      ampicillin. Pharmacokinetics and side-effects are reasons why one may narrow the
      selection of most suitable compounds within this group down to three. Ampicillin
      and amoxycillin are primary choices for parenteral dosage, and amoxycillin and
      bacampicillin the most suitable for oral therapy.

PMID- 389835
TI  - In vitro adsorption of possible aetiological factors of hepatic encephalopathy.
AB  - Four different adsorbents (activated charcoal, XAD-4, a strong base anion and a
      strong acid cation-exchange resin) were tested in vitro for their capacity to
      remove substances that may be important in the development of hepatic
      encephalopathy. Separate columns packed with one of these adsorbents were
      perfused for three hours with a reconstituted plasma solution containing
      simultaneously high concentrations of amino-acids, ammoniumchloride, short-chain
      fatty acids, octopamine and bile salts. Effective removal of all these substances
      was only obtained when either activated charcoal, or XAD-4, were combined with
      the cation-exchange resin. Possible implications for the treatment of hepatic
      coma are discussed.

PMID- 389836
TI  - Patient autonomy in alcohol rehabilitation. I. Literature review.
AB  - A brief literature review on alcoholism treatment supports the authors' thesis
      that the alcohol abuser should be given some autonomy or "say so" in treatment
      selection. Presenting a variety of treatments as alternatives to the alcoholic
      may reduce treatment dropout rate, the aversive stigma frequently associated with
      therapy,and antiherapeutic disruptions while improving community coordination in
      alcoholism rehabilitation and providing an effective approach in treating the
      "total life" health of the alcoholic.

PMID- 389837
TI  - The group psychotherapy literature: 1978.

PMID- 389838
TI  - A comparative study with indomethacin and combined indomethacin sodium-salicylate
      in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A double-blind cross-over clinical trial was performed to compare clinical
      effectiveness of indomethacin (3 x 25 mg/day) alone to that of a combination of
      indomethacin + sodium-salycylate (3 x 25 mg/day and 3 x 250 mg/day, respectively)
      in rheumatoid arthritis. It was established that enteral blood loss was
      significantly reduced by combined treatment as determined by Cr51 labelled
      erythrocytes in comparison to that after treatment with indomethacin alone.
      Therapeutic effect was maintained in both groups, no significant disparities were
      observed. Occurrence of subjective complaints was less frequent in the combined
      treatment group. It was concluded that the combined preparation consisting of
      indomethacin and sodium-salicylate has a favourable effect in rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 389839
TI  - Efficacy of propranolol versus placebo in long-term treatment in patients with
      mitral valve prolapse.
AB  - In 60 patients with mitral valve prolapse syndrome a randomized controlled
      interindividual double-blind study of propranolol (p) was performed. Patients
      received p 80 mg (A), 160 mg (B) and placebo (C) orally for 4 weeks. Prior to and
      after treatment, heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (RR) as well as systolic time
      intervals (STI) were measured and corrected for heart rate--electromechanical
      systole (QS2I), left ventricular ejection time (LVETI), and preejection period
      (PEPI). The ratio PEP/LVET was calculated. Plasma levels were measured by an
      optimized fluorimetric method. 1. STI lay in the upper part of the normal range,
      indicating that some patients had a hyperkinetic cardiac function. 2. P had no
      influence on QS2I and LVETI in A and B. PEPI was prolonged (A: +13.2 ms, B: +14.2
      ms) and PEP/LVET was increased (A: +0.040, B: +0.050). 3. As indicated by the
      changes in HR, RR, PEPI, and PEP/LVET p showed in B compared to A only minor
      additional effects. 4. Plasma levels of p were in B three times higher than in A
      (A: 89.2 +/- 10.0 nmol/l B: 246.7 +/- 30.5 nmol/l). With a dose of 80 mg
      propranolol a point close to the plateau of maximum efficacy was reached, where a
      higher dose resulted only in small additional negative inotropic effects.

PMID- 389840
TI  - Newly defined serologic systems in systemic lupus erythematosus and
      dermatomyositis.

PMID- 389841
TI  - Sporotrichosis.
AB  - Five cases of cutaneous sporotrichosis were seen at the Stanford University
      Department of Dermatology from 1966 to 1977, where the disease was previously
      unreported. The possibility of sporotrichosis should be considered when
      suppurative cutaneous lesions do not respond to antibacterial agents. Skin biopsy
      of sporotrichotic lesion is often nonspecific, while culture is the best method
      of diagnosis.

PMID- 389842
TI  - Parapsoriasis with hyper-IgE.
AB  - A 56-year-old black man had generalized chronic dermatitis for two years before
      parapsoriasis en plaque (large type) with hyper-IgE (12,000-22,000 ng/ml) was
      diagnosed. Lymphocyte cultures showed decreased response to mitogens. Direct
      immunofluorescence of involved skin showed epidermal and dermal mast cells with
      bound IgE. Parapsoriasis with hyper-IgE may represent a form of "hypersensitive
      immunosurveillance" allowing a patient to reject a clone of malignant cells and
      retard transformation from a benign state (parapsoriasis) to a malignant state
      (mycosis fungoides).

PMID- 389843
TI  - Multicenter trial of fluocinonide in an emollient cream base.
AB  - Working independently, eight investigators evaluated the clinical effectiveness
      of fluocinonide 0.05% in a three-week double-blind paired comparison trial of 240
      patients. Half the investigators compared fluocinonide emollient cream with
      betamethasone valerate 0.1% cream in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, while
      the remaining four compared the study drug with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1%
      cream in the treatment of psoriasis. Statistical analysis showed clinical
      responses favored fluocinonide p = 0.021 (Wilcoxon Signed Rank) for the atopic
      dermatitis group and p = 0.001 (Wilcoxon Signed Rank) for the psoriasis group.

PMID- 389844
TI  - George Clinton Andrews, Jr., M.D. 1891--1978.

PMID- 389845
TI  - Anthony N. Domonkos, M.D. 1912--1979.

PMID- 389846
TI  - The complement system in clinical diagnosis.

PMID- 389847
TI  - Congenital ichthyosis: concurrent immunodeficiency and atypical T cells.
AB  - A patient with congenital ichthyosis and progressive neurologic anomalies showed
      disturbances in the specific humoral and cellular defense as well as the presence
      of atypical lymphoid cells in skin and lymph node. The latter resembled the
      atypical T cells found in mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. The possibility
      of the presence of either a cutaneous T cell lymphoma or unregulated T cell
      stimulation leading to concurrent immunodeficiency in this patient is discussed.

PMID- 389848
TI  - Lupus vulgaris. An unusual fungating and ulcerated form in a black South African.

PMID- 389849
TI  - Anne-Charles Lorry. The first French dermatologist.

PMID- 389850
TI  - The anatomy of the intrinsic musculature of the tongue in the early human fetus:
      part 1, M. longitudinalis superior.

PMID- 389851
TI  - The anatomy of the intrinsic musculature of the tongue in the early human fetus:
      part II, M. longitudinalis inferior.

PMID- 389852
TI  - International and world developments in veterinary public health with a comment
      on historical developments.

PMID- 389853
TI  - Rabies in Nigeria. A historical review.

PMID- 389854
TI  - Intervening briefly in the family system.
AB  - A brief therapeutic intervention in a family is presented with the use of the
      Synallactic Collective Image Technique (S.C.I.T.). The technique proves to be a
      very useful tool for therapeutic intervention along General System Theory lines.
      The S.C.I.T. makes use of family paintings as a 2nd catalyst (the first one being
      the therapist) of transaction. Five sessions were held over a period of about one
      month. The family paintings reflect the successive phases through which the
      family transaction proceeded: From a dry, unsatisfying, mutually destructive
      relationship with no hope for co-operation and survival, through a phase of
      resistance during which each one was able to see his predicament, through a final
      phase after the 'storm' where the sun rises for the first time and co-operation
      for fruitful exploration begins. It has been observed that such a brief and
      intense intervention could lead, with proper handling, to the reactivation of
      self-leading processes, which generate more functional transaction within the
      family system.

PMID- 389855
TI  - Altered states of consciousness during psychotherapy: a historical and cultural
      perspective.
AB  - This paper reviews the frequent phenomenon of altered states of consciousness in
      disparate cultural psychotherapeutic contexts. The historical antecedents of
      contemporary Western psychodynamic psychotherapy are examined and the central
      importance of altered states in the therapeutic effects of religious institutions
      such as the Dionysian rite and the Asclepia is illustrated. The continued
      presence of this phenomenon in Western psychotherapy from Mesmerism to
      psychoanalysis is shown. The use of trance states in the healing rituals of non
      Western societies is culturally variegated therapeutic settings. The ubiquitous
      nature of the altered state phenomenon in such widely varied cultural contexts
      suggests the possibility of its being a universal component of psychotherapy.

PMID- 389857
TI  - Synthesis of connective tissue macromolecules by smooth muscle.

PMID- 389856
TI  - Collagen--platelet interaction.

PMID- 389858
TI  - Collagen polymorphism and messenger RNA.

PMID- 389859
TI  - Biochemistry of the intervertebral disc.

PMID- 389860
TI  - Collagen glycosyltransferases.

PMID- 389861
TI  - Chromatin structure and gene transcription: nucleosomes permit a new synthesis.

PMID- 389862
TI  - Biological and biochemical effects of phenylalanine analogs.

PMID- 389864
TI  - Correlation of morphometry and stereology with biochemical analysis of cell
      fractions.

PMID- 389863
TI  - Recent advances in the morphology, histochemistry, biochemistry, and physiology
      of interstitial gland cells of mammalian ovary.

PMID- 389865
TI  - Contact inhibition of locomotion: a reappraisal.

PMID- 389866
TI  - Morphological correlates of electrical and other interactions through low
      resistance pathways between neurons of the vertebrate central nervous system.

PMID- 389867
TI  - The association of DNA and RNA with membranes.

PMID- 389869
TI  - The effects of chemicals and radiations within the cell: an ultrastructural and
      micrurgical study using Amoeba proteus as a single-cell model.

PMID- 389868
TI  - Biochemistry and metabolism of basement membranes.

PMID- 389870
TI  - Growth, reproduction, and differentiation in Acanthamoeba.

PMID- 389872
TI  - [Immunopathies: introduction to the topic].

PMID- 389871
TI  - Cell electrophoresis.

PMID- 389873
TI  - [Functional tests of the immune system].

PMID- 389874
TI  - [Immune diseases of the heart].

PMID- 389875
TI  - [Autoimmune diseases of the nervous system].

PMID- 389876
TI  - [Immunopathogenesis of aplastic anemia].

PMID- 389877
TI  - The management of ductal stones in the biliary tree.

PMID- 389878
TI  - Perspective in liver disease: an Irish experience.

PMID- 389879
TI  - A century of changing fashions in peptic ulcer surgery.

PMID- 389880
TI  - Obituary: Hugh MacCarthy.

PMID- 389881
TI  - The management of post herpetic pain using sodium valproate and amitriptyline.

PMID- 389882
TI  - Nettie M. Stevens and the discovery of sex determination by chromosomes.

PMID- 389883
TI  - British responses to psycho-physiology, 1860--1900.

PMID- 389884
TI  - Some early chemical analyses of proprietary medicines.

PMID- 389886
TI  - First bone marrow transplant for leukemia in Hawaii.

PMID- 389885
TI  - Listing of psychiatric and mental health nursing research.

PMID- 389888
TI  - [Dermatological impressions from Seoul].

PMID- 389887
TI  - The nature of cluster headache.

PMID- 389889
TI  - Elda E. Anderson Award presented to David Alan Waite.

PMID- 389890
TI  - A technique for quantitating enzyme histochemistry in adjuvant arthritic joints.
      I. Alkaline phosphatase.
AB  - This paper establishes a quantitative technique for measuring the percentage of
      enzyme-reactive cells found in adjuvant arthritic articular cartilage, synovial
      membrane and bone marrow. Using alkaline phosphatase histochemistry and a
      recently-developed method of handling hard tissues, the technique is validated,
      the inherent variabilities determined and the existence of intra-articular
      lesions established. The technique now allows for a precise in situ evaluation of
      adjuvant arthritic drug inhibition by measuring enzyme-reactive cell alterations
      within the joint tissue most affected by the arthritis.

PMID- 389891
TI  - A technique for quantitating enzyme histochemistry in adjuvant arthritic joints.
      II. Acid phosphatase.
AB  - This paper reports on the incorporation of acid phosphatase histochemistry with a
      quantitative technique designed to measure the percentage of histochemically
      localized enzyme-reactive cells found in adjuvant arthritic articular cartilage,
      synovial membrane and bone marrow. With the data presented and the comparisons
      made, this incorporation is validated and adjuvant arthritic acid phosphatase
      "lesions" established. In addition to discussing the importance of the
      histochemical data and its relationship with intra-articular lysosomes, the
      applicability of the reactive cell values to drug inhibition studies is
      discussed.

PMID- 389892
TI  - Complement-mediated unspecific binding of immunoglobulins to some endocrine
      cells.
AB  - Unspecific binding of immunoglobulins to gastrin G cells, glucagon A cells and
      somatostatin D cells of the gastric mucosa or pancreas, as well as to the
      calcitonin-somatostatin cells of rabbit thyroid has been found to occur through a
      non antigen-antibody mechanism mediated at least in part by the C1q fraction of
      complement. The phenomenon represents a major drawback in hormone
      immunohistochemistry, which can be prevented by incubating the specific anti
      hormone sera with anti-C1q antibodies or with complement-fixing immunocomplexes.

PMID- 389893
TI  - Combined protein and DNA measurements by the ninhydrin-Schiff and Feulgen
      techniques.
AB  - Feulgen nuclear staining with pararosanilin-SO2 was combined with the ninhydrin
      Schiff technique. The aldehyde groups converted from primary amino groups are
      stained with an acriflavine-Schiff reaction. This results in a red nuclear
      fluorescence and a bright yellow cytoplasmic and nuclear fluorescence. The
      combined fluorescence staining facilitates cytofluorometric determination of
      total protein and DNA in the same cell. The ninhydrin-Schiff reaction is affected
      by the fixation procedure and the duration of the ninhydrin reaction.
      Investigations with a model system showed that proportionality between the
      fluorescence intensity of acriflavine and the amount of protein stained by the
      procedure was obtained after fixation with a fixation mixture suggested by Bohm
      et al. (1968) and a reaction with ninhydrin at 37 degrees C for 10 h. The
      ninhydrin-Schiff reaction has no effect on the fluorescence intensity of cells
      previously treated with pararosanilin-Feulgen staining and it is not affected
      itself by this previous procedure. Testing this double fluorescence staining on
      cytology specimens taken from patients with gastric carcinoma and uterine cervial
      carcinoma, cancer cells were shown to have markedly increased protein and DNA
      contents compared with those of normal cells.

PMID- 389894
TI  - Immunohistochemical staining of mouse C cells during post-natal histogenesis of
      the thyroid.

PMID- 389895
TI  - Replacement of protamine by F1 histone during reactivation of fused human sperm
      nuclei.
AB  - Rabbit antisera, specific for the histones F1, F2a2, F2b, F3 and for protamine
      were used to monitor a possible transition from protamine towards somatic-type
      histones during sperm nucleus reactivation, following human sperm fusion with
      mouse fibroblasts. Mature human sperm nuclei were shown to contain the histones
      F2a2, F2b, F3 and protamine, but were missing F1 histone by immuno cytochemistry
      using the indirect fluorescence method. However, a gradual disappearance of
      protamine from fused sperm nuclei, could be observed during the first 24 h of
      reactivation. Subsequently, F1 histone could be detected in increasing
      concentrations in 60% of reactivated sperm nuclei, during the next four days. The
      shift from protamine towards F1 histone could also be visualized cytochemically
      via staining with brilliant sulphaflavine, which appears to discriminate between
      sperm nuclei on the basis of their F1 histone content.

PMID- 389896
TI  - Immunoperoxidase reactions in resin embedded sections.
AB  - A simple reproducible and reliable schedule for the immunoperoxidase
      demonstration of various substances in resin embedded sections is described. It
      has been applied to a variety of epithelial membrane antigens in carcinoma of the
      colon and to blood group substances. Preliminary work indicates that it may be
      applicable to most if not all of the antigens which survive conventional paraffin
      wax embedding.

PMID- 389897
TI  - Endocrine effects of testicular neoplasms.

PMID- 389898
TI  - Multiple sclerosis: a review of current concepts.

PMID- 389899
TI  - Modification of radiation sensitivity: the oxygen effect.

PMID- 389900
TI  - DNA repair and mutagenesis in bacterial systems and their implications in
      oncology.

PMID- 389901
TI  - Sensitivity to ionizing radiations and damage repair in yeast.

PMID- 389902
TI  - Differences in radiation sensitivity in subpopulations of mammalian multicellular
      systems.

PMID- 389903
TI  - The response of pig skin to single and fractionated high dose-rate and continuous
      low dose-rate 137Cs-irradiation--II. Theoretical considerations of the results.

PMID- 389904
TI  - Quantitation of the radiotherapeutic importance of naturally-hypoxic normal
      tissues from collated experiments with rodents using single doses.

PMID- 389907
TI  - The hypnotic induction of the void. Part II.

PMID- 389906
TI  - A physiological and subjective evaluation of neutral and emotionally-charged
      words for meditation. Part II.

PMID- 389905
TI  - Presbycusis: the aging ear. Part II.

PMID- 389908
TI  - The hypnotic induction of the void.

PMID- 389909
TI  - Psychic glossary -- letters R & S.

PMID- 389910
TI  - Pathophysiology of pulmonary contusion in dogs.
AB  - We produced a localized right lower lobe (RLL) contusion in 14 anesthetized
      ventilated dogs, 7 of which were treated with positive end-expiratory pressure
      (PEEP group). We measured gas exchange, pulmonary mechanics, and regional
      function before and 5 h after the contusion. Arterial PO2 decreased by 20 Torr
      and venous admixture doubled in both groups during air breathing. The shunt
      fraction (Qs/Qt) was minimally increased, despite a large lobar Qs/Qt (0.43) in
      the contused RLL. These results were explained by reduced ventilation per unit
      volume (VA/V), and ventilation-to-perfusion ratios of the contused RLL measured
      with 133Xe technique. We conclude that pulmonary contusion causes a leak of blood
      and plasma, flooding 25% of the air spaces of the RLL at FRC, reducing the
      compliance of adjacent air spaces, and resulting in a reduced VA/V and a large
      RLL Qs/Qt. These results are consistent with the observed reduction in regional
      volume and perfusion in the contused RLL, and suggest that Qs/Qt was not
      increased because blood flow was markedly reduced to flooded air spaces. PEEP
      reduced the hypoxemia, but increased the contusion.

PMID- 389911
TI  - Plasma volume during stress in man: osmolality and red cell volume.
AB  - Our purpose was 1) to test the hypothesis that in man there is a range of plasma
      osmolality within which the red cell volume (RCV) and mean corpuscular volume
      (MCV) remain essentially constant and 2) to determine the upper limit of this
      range. During a variety of stresses--submaximal and maximal exercise, heat and
      altitude exposure, +Gz acceleration, and tilting--changes in plasma osmolality
      between -1 and +13 mosmol/kg resulted in essentially no change in the regression
      of percent change in plasma volume (PV) calculated from a change in hematocrit
      (Hct) on that calculated from a change in Hct + hemoglobin (Hb), i.e., the RCV
      and MCV were constant. Factors that do not influence RCV are the level of
      metabolism, heat exposure at rest, and short-term orthostasis (heat-to-foot
      acceleration). Factors that may influence RCV are exposure to high altitude and
      long-term orthostasis (head-up tilting). Factors that definitely influence RCV
      are prior dehydration and extended (greater than 2 h) periods of stress. Thus,
      either the Hct or the Hct + Hb equations can be used to calculate percent changes
      in PV under short-term (less than 2 h) periods of stress when the change in
      plasma osmolality is less than 13 mosmol/kg.

PMID- 389913
TI  - Walter R. Ingram B.A., M.S., Ph.D. 1905-1978.

PMID- 389912
TI  - Spatial distribution of pulmonary blood flow in the dog with PEEP ventilation.
AB  - The effects of mechanical ventilation without and with a positive end-expiratory
      pressure (PEEP) of 20 cmH2O and, after hemorrhage, on the spatial distribution of
      lobar lung blood flow were studied by means of iv injections of radioactive
      microspheres in supine dogs. The lungs were excised and dried at an inflation
      pressure of 30 cmH2O. Each lobe was cut into slices. In five slices from each
      lobe, 30--60 samples were punched out. The activity was measured in a gamma
      counter. By this means distribution of lobar blood flow could be described three
      dimensionally. In dogs awake and spontaneously breathing or anesthetized and
      mechanically ventilated, blood flow distribution was rather even, except for a
      vertical gradient. PEEP caused a) a two- to threefold reduction in total lung
      blood flow, b) a redistribution from the right to the left lung, and c) a
      redistribution from the core to the periphery of the lung. This pattern of
      redistribution could not be reproduced by reducing cardiac output by hemorrhage
      during mechanical ventilation without PEEP.

PMID- 389914
TI  - Mechanism of action of monoketo-organomycin, cystaurimycin and their performic
      acid-oxidized modifications. I. Effects on bacterial growth and ribosomal
      peptidyl transferase activity.
AB  - The response of 15 bacterial cultures to the inhibitory effects of the above
      mentioned compounds was investigated. These varied considerably. Escherichia coli
      cultures resistant to the compounds tested showed that monoketo-organomycin and
      cystaurimycin inhibit bacterial growth by what appears to  be the one and same
      mechanism which is not the same as that exhibited by their performic acid
      oxidized modifications. This was confirmed by using cell free extracts of E.
      coli. In light of the puromycin reaction, using chloramphenicol and
      chlorotetracycline as control inhibitors, monoketo-organomycin and cystaurimycin
      were found to inhibit protein synthesis in vitro by inhibiting peptidyl
      transferase of ribosomes. In marked contrast, this enzyme was activated, as also
      was protein synthesis, by their performic acid-oxidized modifications. It was
      thus suggested that the growth inhibitory effects of the latter compounds might
      be due to their interference in other metabolic activities of the above test
      organism. The results obtained are discussed in light of the chemical
      similarities or differences existing between the compounds investigated.

PMID- 389915
TI  - Toxic and essential elements in bone--a review.

PMID- 389916
TI  - Endotoxin shock in calves from intravenous injection of rumen bacterial
      endotoxin.

PMID- 389917
TI  - Applications of self-control procedures by children: a review.
AB  - Self-control procedures as used by children to affect their own behavior were
      reviewed. Particular emphasis was placed on self-instruction, self-determined
      criteria, self-assessment, and self-reinforcement. Self-punishment, comprehensive
      programs, and innovative self-control procedures (distraction and restatement of
      contingencies) were also evaluated. Basic effectiveness, comparisons with similar
      externally imposed interventions, maintenance, and the augmental value of the
      procedures were assessed. Important problems for future research were identified.

PMID- 389918
TI  - [Inductions of adjuvant arthritis in rats and footpad swelling reaction in mice
      by injection with the purified cell wall fraction from in vitro grown
      Mycobacterium lepraemurium Hawaii (author's transl)].

PMID- 389919
TI  - Experimental leprosy with nude mice.

PMID- 389921
TI  - Post transplant ocular complications.

PMID- 389920
TI  - Ocular complications amongst renal transplant patients.

PMID- 389923
TI  - Helminthiasis in India. Part I: Prevalence and geographical distribution: soil
      transmitted nematodes.

PMID- 389922
TI  - The minimum inhibitory concentrations of penicillin against various sterotypes of
      streptococci--its clinical implications.

PMID- 389924
TI  - Prostacyclin and anti-platelet drugs.

PMID- 389925
TI  - Specific inhibition of macrophage migration inhibition factor by fucosylated
      glycolipid RM.
AB  - The effects of glycolipids on the interaction of the MIF (migration inhibition
      factor) with rat macrophages were examined using a migration inhibition assay
      system. MIF activity was specifically blocked by fucosylated Glycolipid RM [Gal
      alpha 1-3Gal(2-1 alpha Fuc) beta 1-3GalNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1
      1ceramide, (1978) J. Biochem. 83, 85-90], but not by Cytolipin R, hematoside, or
      blood group B active glycolipid [Gal alpha 1-3Gal(2-1 alpha Fuc) beta 1-4GlcNAc
      beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1ceramide]. Inhibition of MIF activity was
      proportional to the concentration of Glycolipid RM. These findings suggest that
      Glycolipid RM acts as a receptor for MIF.

PMID- 389926
TI  - Photomicrography using the modulation contrast system.

PMID- 389927
TI  - A new surface treatment for bonding.
AB  - Bonding resins to enamel requires some form of mechanical attachment. Currently
      the dissolution of the outermost enamel layer is involved in etching with
      phosphoric acid. A new approach to mechanical bonding is described using a
      crystalline interface which itself bonds chemically to enamel. The crystals can
      be removed from the enamel with an ultrasonci or sickle-scaler followed by pumice
      prophylaxis. Many variations of the crystal growth principle may be visualized,
      including the development of fluoride-containing crystals.

PMID- 389928
TI  - Anterior fusion of the lumbar spine. End-result study with long-term follow-up.
AB  - We reviewed the cases of fifty patients who underwent anterior lumbar-spine
      fusion with autogenous fibular and iliac-bone grafts and were followed for two to
      fifteen years. Their diagnoses were instability of the spine, degenerative disc
      disease, pseudarthrosis, and spondylolisthesis. Fifty-six per cent had union and
      44 per cent, non-union. Those who had iliac grafts healed in an average of 2.5
      years and those who had fibular grafts, in 5.2 years. The clinical result was
      successful in twenty-six patients (52 per cent) and unsuccessful in twenty-four
      patients (48 per cent). Paradoxically, about one-half of the patients with
      clinical successes had a non-union and one-half of the failures had union.
      Retrograde ejaculation (sterility) did not develop in any of the men, and a
      survey of world authorities on anterior spine fusion revealed only sixteen
      patients with the sequela of retrograde ejaculation. The incidence of that
      complication has been exaggerated.

PMID- 389929
TI  - Transiliac lengthening of the lower extremity. A modified innominate osteotomy
      for the treatment of postural imbalance.
AB  - A modified innominate osteotomy was employed to treat postural imbalance by a
      hemipelvic lengthening in twenty patients, five to twenty years old. Diagnoses
      associated with the postural imbalance included acetabular dysplasia with
      ipsilateral femoral shortening, pure limb-length inequality, primary intrapelvic
      asymmetry, and decompensated scoliosis. The functionally low hemipelvis was
      lengthened as much as three centimeters by distraction at the osteotomy and
      insertion of a quadrangular bone graft. The option of a variable amount of
      acetabular redirection was especially useful in patients with ipsilateral
      acetabular dysplasia. Review of the patients after two to six years revealed that
      an average lengthening of 2.3 centimeters had been achieved. Fourteen patients
      had a balanced stance without a lift postoperatively, and the size of the lift
      required in the other six patients was greatly reduced.

PMID- 389930
TI  - Mutagenesis versus carcinogenesis of plastic implants.

PMID- 389931
TI  - Methylmethacrylate is a mutagen for Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The long-term effects of exposure to monomeric methylmethacrylate have yet to be
      established. We have measured the toxicity and mutagenicity of methylmethacrylate
      for Salmonella typhimurium. At levels of thirty-four millimolar,
      methylmethacrylate exhibited 28 per cent of the mutagenic activity of an
      equimolar dose of dimethylnitrosamine. Methylmethacrylate alone exhibited
      toxicity to the bacteria, but when the methylmethacrylate was incubated with a
      rat-liver enzyme metabolizing system, mutagenesis was induced. These findings
      suggest that an intermediate metabolite of methylmethacrylate is mutagenic to
      Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 389932
TI  - Reconstruction of an amputated thumb in one stage. Case report--free
      neurovascular-flap transfer with iliac-bone graft.

PMID- 389933
TI  - Joe Wesley King, M.D. 1915-1979.

PMID- 389934
TI  - William Burns MacKinnon 1912-1978.

PMID- 389936
TI  - The spectrum of liver disease on CT.
AB  - Computed tomography (CT) is a useful imaging modality in a variety of liver
      diseases. The roles of radionuclide liver scanning, ultrasound and CT in liver
      disease are discussed and characteristic CT findings of cystic disease, trauma,
      abscess, primary and metastatic malignancy, fatty infiltration, hemochromatosis,
      and obstructive jaundice are illustrated.

PMID- 389935
TI  - Annual oration. Detection of abdominal abscesses: a combined approach employing
      ultrasonography, computed tomography and gallium-67 scanning.
AB  - The identification and localization of intraabdominal abscesses is both an
      important and challenging task for the radiologist. Fortunately, three non
      invasive imaging techniques are available which when used appropriately can
      virtually assure detection of an abscess. Consideration of the advantages and
      disadvantages of each modality will often indicate the most propitious sequence
      of investigations in the individual patients.

PMID- 389937
TI  - Diagnostic imaging in diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Diagnostic imaging techniques have an important role in supplementing the
      clinical evaluation of the diabetic. These are discussed in relation to the
      pathophysiologic changes: vascular degeneration, neurologic and infective
      changes, and maternal-fetal influences during pregnancy.

PMID- 389938
TI  - Quantitative reflection contrast microscopy of living cells.
AB  - Mammalian cells in culture (BHK-21, PtK2, Friend, human flia, and glioma cells)
      have been observed by reflection contrast microscopy. Images of cells
      photographed at two different wavelengths (546 and 436 nm) or at two different
      angles of incidence allowed discrimination between reflected light and light that
      was both reflected and modulated by interference. Interference is involved when a
      change in reflected intensity (relative to glass/medium background reflected
      intensity) occurs on changing either the illumination wavelength or the
      reflection incidence angle. In cases where interference occurs, refractive
      indices can be determined at points where the optical path difference is known,
      by solving the given interference equation. Where cells are at least 50 nm
      distant from the glass substrate, intensities are also influenced by that
      distance as well as by the light's angle of incidence and wavelength. The
      reflected intensity at the glass/medium interface is used as a standard in
      calculating the refractive index of the cortical cytoplasm. Refractive indices
      were found to be higher (1.38--1.40) at points of focal contact, where stress
      fibers terminate, than in areas of close contact (1.354--1.368). In areas of the
      cortical cytoplasm, between focal contacts, not adherent to the glass substrate,
      refractive indices between 1.353 and 1.368 were found. This was thought to result
      from a microfilamentous network within the cortical cytoplasm. Intimate
      attachment of cells to their substrate is assumed to be characterized by a lack
      of an intermediate layer of culture medium.

PMID- 389939
TI  - Capping of exogenous Forssman glycolipid on cells.
AB  - When motile cells are incubated with Forssman glycolipid, the antigen is
      incorporated into the cells' plasma membranes. If cross-linked by antibody, the
      patched glycolipids cap. This process is sensitive to those drugs that are known
      to inhibit capping of protein antigens. The results support a flow mechanism for
      capping.

PMID- 389941
TI  - Measurement of total, intracellular and surface bound cations in animal cells
      grown in culture.
AB  - A procedure is described in which animal cells grown in culture on a dish are
      rapidly rinsed in situ with 0.25 M sucrose solutions for subsequent measurement
      of total, intracellular and rapidly exchangeab le Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ by
      atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Repeated rinses with CO2-free (pH similar to
      7) 0.25 M sucrose solution produced essentially no loss of cellular protein or
      cations. One 10-second rinse with CO2-saturated (pH 4) 0.25 M sucrose solution
      removed a rapidly proton exchangeable cellular cation fraction which is
      interpreted as being externally (membrane) bound. Rinses with physiological
      electrolyte solutions are shown to produce loss of cellular protein as well as
      displacement of surface exchangeable cations. Thus, isotonic sucrose solution is
      more satisfactory than electrolytic media for rinsing cultured cells prior to
      measurement of cellular cations. The technique employing sucrose rinse media is
      very rapid and reproducible and permits measurement of total, intracellular or
      surface bound Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ in the same sample.

PMID- 389940
TI  - Distribution of fetal bovine serum fibronectin and endogenous rat cell
      fibronectin in extracellular matrix.
AB  - Normal rat kidney cells were cultured in medium supplemented with normal fetal
      bovine serum (FBS) or FBS depleted of fibronectin. The cell surface fibronectin
      of these cultures was visualized by indirect immunofluorescence using species
      specific antisera for either rat fibronectin or bovine fibronectin. Anti-rat
      fibronectin revealed fibrillar structures on the cells grown in either normal
      medium or fibronectin-depleted medium. Anti-bovine fibronectin revealed similar
      fibrillar networks, but only on the cells grown in medium containing bovine
      fibronectin. Staining in each case was abolished by absorption with the
      homologous antigen. It appears that exogenous fibronectin was incorporated into
      the same structures as endogenous fibronectin. This finding suggests that
      circulating fibronectin may serve as a building block for the assembly of
      extracellular matrix, possibly by cells which are incapable of synthesizing it.

PMID- 389943
TI  - Reliable urease test for identification of mycobacteria.
AB  - A simple, modified formation for urea broth gave consistent, reliable results to
      aid in the differentiation of Mycobacterium species. In a study of 1,346 isolates
      representing 17 different species, tests read after 7 days were distinct and
      reproducible. The use of this test facilitates the identification of
      Mycobacterium species, such as M. scrofulaceum, the M. avium complex, the M.
      terrae complex, and M. triviale.

PMID- 389942
TI  - Prostacyclin stimulates the renin angiotensin aldosterone system in man.
AB  - The effect of prostacyclin (PGI2) on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
      (RAA) has been examined in 6 normal male volunteers infused with 3 incremental
      doses of PGI2. Diastolic blood pressure fell significantly during the infusion of
      the highest dose of 8 ng/kg/min. Plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma
      angiotensin II (AII) increased to 271% and 342% respectively from baseline
      values. Plasma cortisol (PC), plasma noradrenaline (PNA) and plasma adrenaline
      (PAD) did not change significantly. Plasma aldosterone (PA) increased slightly 15
      minutes after stopping the infusion. These results suggest aht PGI2 stimulates
      the release of renin in man.

PMID- 389944
TI  - Merthiolate treatment of pathogenic fungi.
AB  - The action of Merthiolate on the pathogenic yeasts Blastomyces, dermatitidis,
      Histoplasma capsulatum, and Sporothrix schenckii was compared to the effect of
      treatment with formaldehyde. Concentrations of 1:10,000 and 1:5,000 Merthiolate
      for three exposure times (24, 48, and 72 h) at 4 and 25 degrees C were tested on
      three media (brain heart infusion with and without blood, and modified Sabouraud
      agar). The effect of Merthiolate on these three yeasts was primarily fungistatic,
      with maximum effect using 1:5,000 Merthiolate at 25 degrees C for at least 48 h.
      Mycelial suspensions of B. dermatitidis, H. capsulatum, S. shenckii, and the
      yeast phase of Cryptococcus neoformans were susceptible to the 1:5,000
      Merthiolate concentration after 24 h of treatment. The antifungal effect of
      Methiolate varies with species and growth phase of the fungus. Concentration,
      time of exposure, and temperature of incubation are important variables.

PMID- 389945
TI  - Nonfermentative bacilli: evaluation of three systems for identification.
AB  - Three systems for the identification of nonfermentative bacilli were evaluated
      for their rapidity and accuracy of identification of 217 strains. Two of the
      systems, API 20E (API) and Oxi/Ferm tube (OxiF), are available as kits; the
      oxidative attack (OA) system is not commerically available. The overall
      accuracies of the OA, API, and OxiF systems were 91, 69, and 50%, respectively.
      Identification within 48 h was achieved for 98% of the strains by OA, for 50% by
      API, and for 18% by OxiF. Most of the organisms that were either misidentified or
      not identified by API and OxiF were those nonfermentative bacilli which are
      relatively more fastidious or rarely encountered or both. All three systems
      accurately identified nonfermentative bacilli commonly isolated at Olive View
      Medical Center, namely, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter anitratus,
      Pseudomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter lwoffi, saccharolytic flavobacteria (CDC
      IIb), moraxellae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Pseudomonas putida. The OA system
      identified 100% of the above organisms correctly, API identified 99.4%, and OxiF
      identified 99.3%. Since these organisms comprise 92% of the total number of
      nonfermentative bacilli isolated at Olive View Medical Center, we conclude that
      both API and OxiF may be useful alternatives to conventional methods, based on
      accuracy of identification alone. These two systems were considered substantially
      inferior to the OA system when both accuracy and rapidity of identification were
      taken into account.

PMID- 389946
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the MICRO-ID, API 20E, and conventional media systems for
      identification of Enterobacteriacea.
AB  - MICRO-ID (General Diagnostics, Morris Plains, N.J.) is a new kit system designed
      for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae in 4 h. It consists of 15
      biochemical tests of paper disks. Each test is in its own compartment in a molded
      plastic tray. Only one reagent need be added to the system (2 drops of 20% KOH,
      which is added to the Voges-Proskauer test). Based on the pattern of positive and
      negative biochemical test results, a five-digit octal code number is calculated.
      An identification is derived from a computer-generated identification manual. A
      study was conducted to compare three systems-the MICRO-ID 4-h and the API 20E
      (Analytab Products Inc., Plainview, N.Y.) 18- to 24-h systems and a conventional
      media system-to measure the ability of each to identify members of the family
      Enterobacteriaceae. Comparison tables, rather than simple percentage agreement
      tables, were generated to define the particular strengths and weaknesses of each
      system and allow the laboratory to best use the data. The MICRO-ID compared quite
      favorably with conventional media. MICRO-ID yielded incorrect identifications
      with 1.5% of the isolates tested (API 20E, 4.7% misidentification rate). Half the
      MICRO-ID misidentifications occurred when the system identified a Citrobacter
      diversus as a lysine-negative Escherichia coli; all gave one octal number. A
      direct comparison of the MICRO-ID and API 20E was of limited value because
      percentage agreements were merely the sums of the errors of each. The ease of
      inoculation, the requirement for the addition of only one reagent, and the 4-h
      capability make the MICRO-ID system an extremely attractive development in the
      field of bacterial identification.

PMID- 389947
TI  - Comparison of the API 20E and Corning N/F systems for identification of
      nonfermentative gram-negative rods.
AB  - A total of 231 strains of nonfermenting gram-negative rods were tested on the API
      20E system, the Corning N/F system, and conventional media. When the results of
      identification to species were compared, the API system agreed with the
      conventional system on 69% of the isolates, and the Corning system agreed with
      the conventional system on 79% of the isolates. Both kit systems were deficient
      in identifying Pseudomonas cepacia and the more unusual isolates.

PMID- 389948
TI  - Comparison of various McCoy cell treatment procedures used for detection of
      Chlamydia trachomatis.
AB  - McCoy cells treated in six different ways, in addition to untreated cells, were
      compared to determine which gave rise to the largest number of Chlamydia
      trachomatis inclusions when tested with a laboratory-passaged strain. The same
      batch of cells was treated by irradiation, preinoculation exposure to
      cytochalasin B or 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine, and postinoculation exposure to
      cycloheximide, hydrocortisone, or emetine. Significantly more inclusions were
      always found in cells which had been treated with cycloheximide than in cells
      treated in any other way. Conversely, untreated McCoy cells always had
      significantly fewer inclusions than cells which had received some form of
      treatment. Similar results were obtained when cycloheximide-treated, irradiated,
      and untreated cells were inoculated with urethral specimens containing unpassaged
      organisms.

PMID- 389949
TI  - Recognition of group B streptococci in dip-slide cultures of urine.
AB  - One hundred strains of group B streptococci isolated from human infections were
      tested for growth on dip-slides available for the culture of urine. All grew on
      CLED agar, and none grew on MacConkey agar. The colonies were barely or not at
      all visible to the naked eye after overnight incubation (diameter, around 0.1
      mm). The colony size increased eith prolonged incubation, but not if the inoculum
      density exceeded 10(6)/ml. Differences were found between lots of dip-slides.
      Poor growth on dip-slides may explain why group B streptococci have received
      little attention as pathogens of the urinary tract. The dip-slide screening
      personnel of one laboratory were informed of the experimental findings, and they
      started the practice of frequent subculture and prolonged incubation. The
      proportion of group B streptococci in significant bacteriuria increased from 0 to
      about 2% of positive cultures, whereas there was no conmitant increase of group B
      streptococci in dip-slides screened in several other laboratories serving as
      controls.

PMID- 389950
TI  - Clinical laboratory evaluation of automated microbial detection/identification
      system in analysis of clinical urine specimens.
AB  - More than 4,000 clinical urine specimens were evaluated with an automated
      microbial detection/identification system compared to a standarized manual
      analysis and the routine modalities used in five peer-group laboratories. The
      comparison indicates that the automated system recognizes the nine groups of
      significant microorganisms in urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients
      with the same efficiency as a standarized manual method. The automated system's
      ability to enumerate the bacterial populations in the original clinical specimen
      attained a high degree of accuracy.

PMID- 389951
TI  - Application of the Fortner principle to isolation of Campylobacter from stools.
AB  - A simple biological technique for reducing oxygen tension which does not
      necessitate the use of conventional anaerobic equipment is described. We
      successfully applied this method to the isolation of campylobacters from stools.

PMID- 389952
TI  - Modified inoculum for the enteric Minitek system from positive blood cultures.
AB  - A modified Minitek inoculum procedure for the identification of
      Enterobacteriaceae from positive blood cultures was shown to be reliable. The
      method consisted of inoculating the Minitek enteric and nonfermenter broth with
      blood culture fluid and incubating the inoculum for 4 h before use.

PMID- 389953
TI  - Formalinized Chlamydia trachomatis organisms as antigen in the micro
      immunofluorescence test.
AB  - Chlamydia trachomatis organisms grown in HeLa 229 cell cultures were purified and
      formalinized for use in the micro-immunofluorescence test. As test antigens, they
      were stable when stored unfrozen at 4 degrees C for a long period of time without
      loss of type specificity and sensitivity.

PMID- 389955
TI  - Cerebral malaria in the United Kingdom.
AB  - Four fatal cases of cerebral Plasmodium falciparum malaria in English travellers
      returning from Africa have been seen in the last 13 years. The haemorrhages,
      accumulations of microglia, and destruction of cerebral white matter around small
      veins as a result of blockage of cortical capillaries by parasitised red blood
      corpuscles resemble the effect of fat embolism. Microglia in the lesions is
      demonstrated by special neuropathological techniques. Attention is drawn to the
      need for a prompt recognition of malaria since appropriate treatment can be
      successful.

PMID- 389954
TI  - Identification of viridans streptococci on the Minitek Miniaturised
      Differentiation System.
AB  - A total of 227 strains of viridans streptococci were simultaneously identified on
      the Minitek Miniaturised System (BBL) and by a conventional method according to
      Colman and Williams. The Minitek discs were each overlaid with a drop of sterile
      liquid paraffin, and the trays were incubated in GaSPak jars (BBL) with CO2
      generator envelopes. Identification was possible three to four days earlier than
      with the conventional method. The results were found to be in agreement with the
      conventional method. Compared to the identification schemes of Cowan and Steel
      and of Facklam, the results were also in good agreement. Minor differences were
      found in the number of positive and negative results in those reactions that are
      variable in all three schemes.

PMID- 389956
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis: a serological study.
AB  - Sera from 23 proven or clinically suspected cases of Pneumocystis carinii
      pneumonitis (PCP) in immunosuppressed patients predominantly with acute
      lymphoblastic leukaemia, and from 91 normal people, were examined for antibody to
      P. carinii by indirect immunofluorescence. Low levels of antibody were found in
      51 of 91 normal people and elevated or rising titres of antibody in 18 out of 21
      cases from whom paired or serial convalescent sera could be obtained.

PMID- 389958
TI  - Bone aluminium in haemodialysed patients and in rats injected with aluminium
      chloride: relationship to impaired bone mineralisation.
AB  - Iliac bone aluminium was determined by neutron activation analysis in 34 patients
      with chronic renal failure and in eight control subjects. In 17 patients treated
      by haemodialysis there was a significant increase in the amount of aluminium
      (mean +/- SE = 152 +/- 30 ppm bone ash). In eight patients treated by
      haemodialysis and subsequent renal transplantation, bone aluminium was still
      significantly increased (92 +/- 4.5 ppm bone ash) but was less than in the
      haemodialysed patients. In some patients aluminium persisted in bone for many
      years after successful renal transplantation. There was no relationship between
      hyperparathyroidism and bone aluminium. Although no statistically significant
      relationship was found between the mineralisation status of bone and bone
      aluminium, patients dialysed for the longest periods tended to be those with the
      highest levels of aluminium, osteomalacia, and dialysis encephalopathy. In 20
      rats given daily intraperitoneal injections of aluminium chloride for periods of
      up to three months, there was accumulation of aluminium in bone (163 +/- 9 ppm
      ash) to levels comparable to those obtained in the dialysis patients, and after
      about eight weeks osteomalacia developed. The increased bone aluminium and
      osteomalacia persisted after injections had been stopped for up to 49 days,
      although endochondral ossification was restored to normal. As a working
      hypothesis it is suggested that aluminium retained in the bone of the dialysis
      patients and the experimental animals interferes with normal mineralisation.

PMID- 389957
TI  - Anti-cartilage antibody.
AB  - Antibody to cartilage has been demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence on rat
      trachea in the serum of about 3% of 1126 patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
      Titres ranged from 1:20 to 1:640. The antibody was not found in 284 patients with
      primary or secondary osteoarthritis or in 1825 blood donors, nor, with the
      exception of two weak reactors, in 1314 paraplegic patients. In most cases the
      antibody appears to be specific for native type II collagen. Using this as an
      antigen in a haemagglutination test 94% of anti-cartilage sera were positive,
      whereas among 100 rheumatoid control sera there were only three weak positives.
      More than 80% of patients with antibody had some erosion of articular cartilage,
      but there was no correlation with age, sex, duration of disease, nor any
      recognisable clinical event or change.

PMID- 389959
TI  - The morphology of emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and bronchiectasis: definition,
      nomenclature, and classification.

PMID- 389961
TI  - Members of the Colorado Dental Association. May, 1979.

PMID- 389960
TI  - Biotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae (sensu lato) and Enterobacter aerogenes
      characterised by differential substrate metabolism: application of the technique.
AB  - A biochemical typing method is described for Klebsiella pneumoniae (sensu lato)
      and Enterobacter aerogenes. The technique depends on differences in metabolism of
      five carbon substrates--glycerol, inositol, lactose, glucose, and xylose--at two
      concentrations. Reproducibility is satisfactory and is monitored by the
      incorporation of control klebsiellae of known biotype. The method has been used
      for 12 months in the surveillance of urinary tract colonisation in this hospital.
      Gut carriage of klebsiellae, implicated by several workers as a source of
      infection, was common among staff and new admissions. Many biotypes were
      represented which were sensitive to most antibiotic except ampicillin.
      Klebsiellae, all multiply resistant, were isolated most frequently from urine
      specimens in two orthopaedic wards. In a longitudinal study in these wards, a
      sequential dominance in urinary tract colonisation by two klebsiella biotypes was
      shown, which suggested the presence of cross infection or an environmental
      reservoir. Confirmatory evidence was obtained from capsular serotypes and R
      factor studies.

PMID- 389962
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of immunoglobulin and fibrin in lichen planus.
AB  - To demonstrate the exact localization of immunoglobulin and fibrin deposits in
      skin lesions of lichen planus, we employed the peroxidase-antiperoxidase
      technique, both light and electron microscopically. IgM is shown to be deposited
      preferentially in and on the cytoid bodies all over their cut surface in a
      typical stippled pattern, partly obscuring the characteristic fibrillar
      substructure. All other structures such as the basal lamina are devoid of IgM
      deposits. Fibrin (F) is also present in cytoid bodies but in a lesser amount; it
      is characteristically deposited on and along the basal lamina and its
      reduplications in the uppermost strata of the dermis. Our results indicate that
      IgM deposition in cytoid bodies occurs at a very early stage during the formation
      of these structures and that fibrinogen exhibits a specific affinity not only to
      cytoid bodies but also to basal lamina material.

PMID- 389963
TI  - Inflammatory macular atrophy: immunofluorescent and ultrastructural findings.
AB  - In a patient with primary inflammatory macular atrophy, immunofluorescence
      studies disclosed both C'3 and IgM in a granular and fibrillar pattern in the
      dermis between the coagen fibers and at the basement membrane zone. Localization
      of C'3 to autofluorescent elastic fibers was demonstrated. Ultrastructural
      examination showed the presence of activated macrophages enveloping fragmented
      elastic fibers. Immunologic mechanisms may play a participatory role in some
      forms of macular atrophy.

PMID- 389964
TI  - Computed tomography of ancient Egyptian mummies.
AB  - This first report of the application of computed tomography (CT) to the study of
      ancient mummies, the desiccated brain of a boy and the body of a young woman
      within her cartonnage, shows that CT is uniquely suitable for the study of such
      antiquities, a study that does not necessitate destruction of the mummy or its
      cartonnage. Exquisite images result that are of great paleoanatomical,
      paleopathological, and archeological significance.

PMID- 389965
TI  - Clinical depression: comparative efficacy of outpatient treatments.

PMID- 389966
TI  - Expectancies in therapy research: discriminating among heterogeneous
      nonspecifics.

PMID- 389967
TI  - Toward specific psychological therapies for specific conditions.

PMID- 389968
TI  - Obesity and the unbalanced energy equation: exercise versus eating habit change.

PMID- 389969
TI  - Empirically based comprehensive treatment program for parasuicide.

PMID- 389970
TI  - Dental materials: 1977 literature review. Part I.

PMID- 389971
TI  - The use of the ala-tragus line for occlusal plane determination in complete
      dentures.

PMID- 389972
TI  - [A longitudinal study on the dental caries prevalence in young children].

PMID- 389973
TI  - Abnormal gonadothrophin secretion in children with chronic renal failure.
AB  - LH and FSH response to intravenous injection of GnRH was evaluated in a group of
      patients with chronic renal failure on intermittent haemodialysis and in two
      children with successful renal transplant. Basal plasma LH was elevated in
      children with chronic renal failure as compared to control, and significantly
      increased following GnRH injection in most of the children. Basal plasma FSH was
      higher than in the control group, and slightly increased after GnRH. These data
      suggest an abnormal response to GnRH in chronic renal failure and an involvement
      of hypothalamus and pituitary in chronic renal disease. The role of abnormal
      gonadotrophin secretion in growth retardation and pubertal delay of these
      children is still not well understood.

PMID- 389974
TI  - The effect of renal transplantation on plasma protein binding.
AB  - The in vitro plasma protein binding was determined in nine maintenance
      hemodialysis patients who later underwent renal transplantation. The organic acid
      fluorescein (10 micrograms/ml) or the organic base quinidine (5 micrograms/ml)
      was added to the pre and post transplant serum of these patients. Drug
      concentrations were measured spectrophotofluorometrically after equilibrium
      dialysis. The results were compared with the plasma protein binding of eight
      normal volunteers. The patients on maintenance hemodialysis had lower plasma
      protein binding of fluorescein than normals (78 +/- 5% vs 89 +/- 4, p less than
      0.001). Plasma protein binding improved significantly after renal transplantation
      (85 +/- 3, p less than 0.01) but was still lower than in normals (p 0.05). Plasma
      protein binding of quinidine was not significantly different than in normal
      volunteers (77 +/- 8%) either prior to (72 +/- 10%) or after (73 +/- 12%) kidney
      transplantation. Plasma protein binding of quinidine remains unaffected by renal
      transplantation. However, the abnormal plasma protein binding or organic acids in
      chronic renal failure may be significantly improved by renal transplantation.

PMID- 389975
TI  - Scientific revolutions in dentistry.

PMID- 389976
TI  - Immunofluorescent detection of actin and myosin in healing gingival epithelium.
AB  - Indirect immunofluorescent labeling shows a sequential increase in detectable
      epithelial cell actin and myosin during wound repair migration and maturation.
      While actin shows a substantial increase between pre-wound and migration levels,
      the relative detectable myosin is omnipresent at apparently high levels, and it
      increases only slightly during active migration.

PMID- 389977
TI  - IADR/AADR Council proceedings, 57th general session, 1979 and divisional
      abstracts. Abstracts.

PMID- 389978
TI  - Ridit analysis in dental clinical studies.
AB  - Ridit analysis is presented as an appropriate method of analyzing dental clinical
      data which fall somewhere between the purely categorical (e.g., improved vs. not
      improved) and the bona fide quantitative (e.g., mg % salivary calcium) scales of
      measurement. The key feature of the method is the estimation of the probability
      that a randomly-selected patient from one treatment group is "better-off" than a
      randomly-selected patient from another. Methods are presented for testing
      statistical significance and constructing confidence intervals. The method is
      illustrated on data from a comparative clinical trial of ibuprofen, aspirin and
      placebo in the relief of post-extraction pain. There were no significant
      differences in efficacy among the active treatments, but each was significantly
      superior to placebo.

PMID- 389979
TI  - Phase changes in base metal alloys along metal-porcelain interfaces.
AB  - Five commercial, base metal alloys used with porcelain were investigated. After
      oxidizing heat treatments and the porcelain bake, phase changes occurred in some
      alloys near the porcelain interface. These changes were due to the depletion of
      the matrix in alloying elements as a result of the oxidizing treatments.

PMID- 389980
TI  - Fit of porcelain fused-to-metal crown and bridge castings.
AB  - The dimensional accuracy of porcelain fused to metal crown and bridge castings
      was determined on truncated cone-shaped steel dies. Ni-Cr castings produced in
      manufacturers' laboratories were consistently undersize, while precious metal
      castings were consistently oversize. Ni-Cr castings, produced in NBS laboratories
      using a modified investing technique, were routinely oversize.

PMID- 389982
TI  - Regent Charles W. Fain, Jr.

PMID- 389981
TI  - [Functional genetic injuries and their possible role in the aging of eukaryote
      cells].

PMID- 389983
TI  - Thomas W. Evans: his life and influence on the development of dentistry as a
      learned profession. The First Thomas W. Evans Lecture.

PMID- 389984
TI  - Regent Gerard E. McGuirk.

PMID- 389985
TI  - Biases and opinions.

PMID- 389986
TI  - The presidents. Homer Judd 1869--1870.

PMID- 389987
TI  - Transmission and control of dentinal pain: resin impregnation for the
      desensitization of dentin.
AB  - With the exception of direct electrical stimulation, it seems that all procedures
      known to produce dentinal pain may mechanically distort the structure of pain
      sensitive nerves in the pulp and predentinal area and that this effect is
      mediated by a hydrodynamic link. Nature may contribute to insensitive dentin by:
      production of irregular, atubular dentin at the pulpal wall; obliteration of
      dentinal tubules by sclerosis; and mineralization of a superficial layer,
      pellicle or plaque, at the exposed surface. Few clinical methods are capable of
      accelerating these mechanisms. A technique of resin impregnation for the
      desensitization of exposed dentin has been presented. After proper pretreatment,
      that includes drying the dentin surface, resin tags can be obtained in the outer
      part of the dentinal tubules and may immediately and permanently relieve dentinal
      pain. This technique seems to be a good alternative to other methods, especially
      for patients with occlusal or incisal exposures caused by abrasion, grinding, or
      fracture, in which other methods cannot provide immediate and long-lasting
      desensitization.

PMID- 389989
TI  - Extensive caries in early man circa 110,000 years before present.
AB  - The example of Rhodesian man, who was approximately 35 years at time of death,
      had severe caries but physiologically adaptive attrition and periodontal status.
      Hypoplasia was not evident. Extensive caries seems to have occurred in the
      absence of modern bacterial strains and refined carbohydrates. It is suggested
      that the dentition was highly susceptible to caries because of a deficiency in
      elemental composition. Of the teeth examined, only the central incisors were free
      of caries and apparently resistant to disease. It is postulated that, as dental
      disease progressed, the Rhodesian man's diet changed and his techniques and
      abilities in processing food developed.

PMID- 389988
TI  - Effectiveness of a pit and fissure sealant in the prevention of caries: three
      year clinical results.
AB  - With use of the half-mouth technique, a pit and fissure sealant was applied to
      the permanent first molars of 200 children between 6 and 8 years of age in a
      community with fluoridated water in Colombia, South America. Complete retention
      of sealant at 12, 24, and 36 months after application was 91.6%, 88.9%, and
      87.5%, respectively. Partial retention of sealant was 5.8%, 7.1%, and 8.5% at the
      same intervals. The incidence of caries in all sealant-treated teeth at 36 months
      was 8% vs 53% in untreated paired teeth. Of the 238 teeth that completely
      retained sealant, only one tooth had occlusal caries at 36 months. No
      statistically significant difference in complete retention between maxillary and
      mandibular molars was noticed at any examination. The study confirms that this
      cold-cured pit and fissure sealant is effective in protecting the occlusal
      surfaces of teeth against caries for at least three years.

PMID- 389990
TI  - Reducing marginal leakage: a review of materials and techniques.
AB  - Although significant progress has been made with the advent of composite
      restorative materials and associated techniques, the problem of marginal leakage
      has been lessened but not solved. The primary aim of future work must still be
      directed toward preventing the formation of a gap between the restoration and the
      tooth.

PMID- 389991
TI  - Statistical considerations in studies of exercise-induced bronchospasm.

PMID- 389992
TI  - Assessment of oral antiasthmatic drugs by inhalation challenges.

PMID- 389993
TI  - Vitamin E content of foods.
AB  - Tables showing representative values for the vitamin E content of human foods
      have been developed from all the available reliable information. These tables
      cover animal products, plant products, fats and oils, baked products, infant
      foods, and mixed dishes. The effects on vitamin E content are discussed for
      heating and storage of dairy products, grains, vegetables, and plant oils; for
      the refining of plant oils; and for the processing and baking of grain products.
      Causes of variation in vitamin E levels are presented and the distribution of the
      different forms of vitamin E in foods is shown. The biologic activities of these
      forms are used to calculate approximate vitamin activity values of representative
      foods.

PMID- 389994
TI  - Self-instructional learning packages as a teaching/learning tool in dietetic
      education.

PMID- 389995
TI  - Klinefelter's syndrome: effects of short-term testosterone administration on
      hypothalamic-pituitary axis function.

PMID- 389998
TI  - In memoriam. H. Minor Nichols. 1908-1979.

PMID- 389997
TI  - Current publications in gerontology and geriatrics.

PMID- 389999
TI  - Deadly motherhood: infanticide and medical opinion in mid-Victorian England.

PMID- 389996
TI  - Studies of immunoreactivity to human lacrimal gland fractions in patients with
      ophthalmic Graves' disease.
AB  - In vitro evidence for immunoreactivity against human lacrimal gland fractions was
      sought in patients with ophthalmic Graves' disease. There was no significant
      increase in interstitial lymphoid tissue on lacrimal gland biopsy. Serum
      antibodies against lacrimal fractions were not detected using the indirect
      immunofluorescent technique. Using the tanned cell hemagglutination test with
      lacrimal antigen, antibodies were detected in 2 of 15 patients with eye disease,
      2 of 15 hyperthyroid patients without eye disease, and 2 of 20 normal subjects.
      Macrophage inhibitory factor (MIF) production in response to human lacrimal
      extract was not demonstrated in any of 11 patients with eye disease tested. On
      the other hand, MIF was demonstrated in 2 of 10 patients with Graves' disease
      selected for absence of eye disease. Significant peripheral blood lymphocyte
      transformation in response to human lacrimal extract, or a soluble or membrane
      fraction, was demonstrated in 9 of 22 patients tested; in 6 of 21 patients to
      extract, in 3 of 21 patients to a soluble fraction and in 7 of 10 patients to a
      membrane fraction. The possible significance of lacrimal gland inflammation and
      role(s) in the pathogenesis of ophthalmic Graves' disease are discussed.

PMID- 390000
TI  - Medical services in the British Army, 1742-1783.

PMID- 390002
TI  - James Hayden Higgins (1871-1942): country doctor of Marstons Mills,
      Massachusetts.

PMID- 390001
TI  - A singular operation. An etching by William Nutter, London, after a painting by
      James Wales (1794). New Haven, Yale Medical Library, Clements C. Fry Collection.

PMID- 390003
TI  - Leprosy in New York City?

PMID- 390004
TI  - Frederick Noel Lawrence Poynter, 24 December 1908-11 March 1979.

PMID- 390032
TI  - Immunofluorescent localization of pea storage proteins in glycol methacrylate
      embedded tissue.
AB  - Improved immunofluorescent techniques have been developed for the high resolution
      light microscopic localization of intracellular antigens in plant tissue. Thin
      sections of pea cotyledon tissue which had been fixed in paraformaldehyde and
      embedded in glycol methacrylate were reacted with mono-specific antibodies to the
      storage proteins legumin and vicilin. These antibodies were raised in sheep,
      purified by affinity chromatography and tested by immunoelectrophoresis and
      immunodiffusion. Using the indirect technique, rhodamine-labeled antibodies
      permitted specific fluorescent localization of the legumin and vicilin to small
      (ca. 1 micrometer) cytoplasmic organelles in near mature tissue. Subsequent
      histochemical staining verified the proteinaceous nature of these organelles.
      Parameters affecting staining specificity and background fluorescence are
      discussed.

PMID- 390035
TI  - Heme proteins and oxidases in animal cells.

PMID- 390034
TI  - A method for enumeration ot T and B lymphocytes in tissues.
AB  - A method for the identification of T and B lymphocytes in tissue specimens is
      described. A sonication technique results in viable relatively pure lymphocyte
      populations which are easily classified by their surface markers. This readily
      reproducible method can become a standard laboratory procedure in the evaluation
      of disease states which require such information related to the classification of
      lymphocyte cell origin.

PMID- 390033
TI  - An immunoferritin labeling study of H-2 antigens on dissociated epithelial cells.
AB  - This report describes an immunoferritin labeling study of mouse H-2
      histocompatibility antigens on epithelial cells dissociated from stomach,
      duodenum-jejunum, ileum, trachea, diestrus uterus, gall bladder, and vas
      deferens. Before cell dissociation, most of the organs were prefixed in periodate
      lysine-paraformaldehyde to preserve the shape of the cells and to immobilize H-2
      antigens in their native positions. Five kinds of epithelial cells expressed H-2
      antigens on lateral and basal membranes but not on apical membranes. These were
      the lining cells of the upper intestine, ileum, gall gladder, uterus, and the
      tracheal brush cell. The antigens were continuously distributed on the lateral
      and basal membranes of these cells and appeared to be absent from the apical
      membranes, rather than masked by the fuzzy coat. On four other epithelial cell
      types H-2 antigens could not be detected. These were the lining cells of the vas
      deferens, parietal and chief cells from the stomach, and ciliated tracheal cells.
      It does not seem to be uncommon for normal nucleated cells to lack H-2 antigens.
      On fixed and labeled epithelial cells from the upper intestine the zonula
      occludens membranes were unlabeled, while the zonula adherens and desmosome
      membranes were labeled as densely as the remainder of the lateral membranes. The
      zonula occludens membrane thus constituted the boundary betewen the unlabeled
      apical membrane and the labeled lateral membrane of these cells. Intestinal
      epithelial cells dissociated without prefixation showed a patchy distribution of
      H-2 antigens on their lateral membranes after indirect labeling, indicating
      antigen mobility in this membrane. On the same unfixed dissociated cells the
      antigens were able to migrate from lateral to apical membranes, a movement which
      appears to be prevented in the intact epithelial layer by the occluding junction.
      The absence of H-2 antigens from apical membranes and their inability to migrate
      through an intact zonula occludens suggest that these molecules must reach the
      lateral membranes of epithelial cells by a pathway which is distinct from that
      followed by apical membrane components.

PMID- 390036
TI  - Peroxisomes in disease.
AB  - Cytochemical, biochemical and morphological changes in peroxisomes have been
      described in human metabolic disorders, in experimental models of disease and in
      response to drugs and toxins. These include the cerebrohepatorenal syndromes, in
      which peroxisomes can not be detected and mitochondrial respiration is inhibited,
      atherosclerosis, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, and tolerance to oxygen toxicity.
      Although information on the role of peroxisomes in disease is limited, increased
      awareness of their widespread distribution and the availability of an improved
      cytochemical procedure for staining peroxisomes in human specimens should provide
      new insights into their function.

PMID- 390037
TI  - Immunocytochemistry of somatostatin.

PMID- 390038
TI  - Immunohistochemical results on the distribution of somatostatin in the
      hypothalamus and in limbic structures of the rat.

PMID- 390039
TI  - Somatostatin-immunoreactive nerve cell bodies and fibers in the medulla oblongata
      et spinalis.
AB  - Complete serial sectioning of the medulla oblongata in monkey, cat, guinea pig,
      and japanese dancing mouse and incubation for somatostatin-immunoreaction was
      carried out. Numerous regions of the medulla oblongata such as the nucleus
      reticularis gigantocellularis, nucleus cuneatus et gracillis, nucleus raphe
      magnus, nucleus tractus solitarius, nucleus vestibularis, and parts of the oliva
      contain dense networks of somatostatin-immunoreactive nerve fibers. Cell bodies
      were seen in the nucleus reticularis medullae oblongatae. In the spinal cord the
      sections from each segment were analyzed, showing the highest concentrations of
      somatostatinergic fibers in the substantia gelantinosa of the columna dorsalis.
      Cell bodies were seen in the zona intermedia centralis, especially in the upper
      cervical segments. Many positive fibers were also seen in the entire zona
      intermedia and the columna ventralis. Especially prominent was the
      immunoreactivity in the zona intermediolateralis of the thoracic segments and the
      columna ventralis of the lower lumbar and sacral segments.

PMID- 390041
TI  - Application of A (n, alpha) nuclear reaction to the microlocalization of lithium
      in the mouse brains.

PMID- 390042
TI  - Quantitation of immunohistochemical reactions by radioautography of sections
      exposed to 125I-linked antibodies.

PMID- 390040
TI  - Versatility of Staphylococcus aureus protein A in immunocytochemistry. Use in
      unlabeled antibody enzyme system and fluorescent methods.

PMID- 390043
TI  - Further studies on the sources of Klebsiella aerogenes in hospital patients.
AB  - We report an investigation into faecal carriage of Klebsiella aerogenes and the
      distribution of this organism in the environment of three wards. In all three
      wards faecal carriage rates were high (60-70%). The faecal carriage rate
      increased with antibiotic administration and with length of in-patient stay. K.
      aerogenes was widely distributed in the ward environment and was found on the
      hands of nursing staff. Clusters of isolations of K. aerogenes of the same
      serotype were demonstrated indicating either patient-to-patient transfer or a
      common source of infection. The results indicate that even under conditions in
      which there are no outbreaks of K. aerogenes infection, there is a large
      reservoir of this organism both in the bowel of patients and in the ward
      environment.

PMID- 390044
TI  - Salmonella isolation from hospital areas.
AB  - Evidence of the presence of salmonellas in a paediatric ward, a special care baby
      unit, a maternity unit and a hospital kitchen was obtained by culture of sewer
      swabs, faeces and food samples. The survey was designed to cause as little
      administrative interference as possible. The technical aspects of the survey did
      not strain laboratory facilities. Minimal secondary spread of salmonella
      infection was experienced.

PMID- 390046
TI  - The effect of an intramammary infusion of endotoxin on experimentally induced
      mycoplasmal mastitis.
AB  - The infusion of 10 microgram of endotoxin lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia
      coli into the mammary gland of four cows 16 h before inoculation with ureaplasmas
      did not prevent, or even diminish, the subsequent ureaplasmal mastitis. There was
      no reduction in the severity or duration of the inflammatory cell response in
      milk or in the clinical appearance of the resulting mastitis. Also, the excretion
      of ureaplasmas was not reduced. A similar experiment with Mycoplasma dispar in
      two cows demonstrated that endotoxin was again ineffective in preventing the
      mastitis. Furthermore, there was some indication that the proliferation and
      excretion of this mycoplasma was enhanced in endotoxin-treated quarters.

PMID- 390045
TI  - Stool viruses in babies in Glasgow. 3. Community studies.
AB  - Twenty-seven babies from one deprived housing area in Glasgow were followed-up
      regularly, for periods varying between 2 months and 11 months (mean 7 months), in
      a prospective study of the viruses to be found in their stools by electron
      microscopy. Weekly stool specimens were collected in the home together with a
      history of the baby's health. Additional stool specimens were obtained, up to a
      maximum of one per day, during admissions to hospital. Over 500 specimens were
      obtained at home and another 320 in hospital. A wide variety of viruses (over 200
      recognizates) were detected and it has been possible to plot their temporal
      relation to disease episodes. It became apparent that virus excretion was
      frequently unaccompanied by evidence of illness and it has not been possible to
      describe a typical illness syndrome associated with any of the morphological
      types of virus observed. The results suggest that, in one area of Glasgow at
      least, patterns of virus excretion in young babies are complex and will need
      further elucidation before the need for a vaccine to prevent infantile diarrhoea
      could be defined.

PMID- 390047
TI  - The occurrence of plasmids carrying genes for both enterotoxin production and
      drug resistance in Escherichia coli of human origin.
AB  - Twenty-three of 89 enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli were resistant to
      one or more antimicrobial agents. Eleven strains transferred resistance directly
      and five transferred resistance after mobilization. In three cases a resistant
      recipient was enterotoxigenic. One of these strains contained a conjugative
      plasmid carrying genes for both drug resistance and enterotoxin production. In
      the two other strains genes for drug resistance and enterotoxin production were
      carried on separate co-transferable plasmids.

PMID- 390048
TI  - Nephelometric detection of circulating immune complexes using monoclonal
      rheumatoid factor.
AB  - A nephelometric technique for the estimation of immune complexes (IC) in serum
      was developed using purified monoclonal rheumatoid factor from a human patient
      (mRhF) specific for complexed IgG. Standardisation of the assay was carried out
      with heat aggregated normal human IgG as a model complex and with IC composed in
      vitro from ovalbumin and rabbit antisera to ovalbumin. The nephelometric method
      was compared with [125I]Clq radioimmunoassay (C1q RIA). The lower limits of
      detection by the two methods were similar for both aggregated IgG and performed
      ovalbumin/rabbit anti-ovalbumin IC. However, recognition of IC by the two methods
      differed with different ratios of antigen and antibody. When IC were formed at 10
      times antigen excess the nephelometric technique was more sensitive than when IC
      were formed at equivalence or 10 times antibody excess. The Cuq RIA method was
      most sensitive in detection of IC in antibody excess but failed to detect IC in
      antigen excess. Complexes formed in antigen excess also showed potentiated light
      scattering when 1.5% polyethylene glycol was used in the nephelometric system.
      The incidence of IC detected by the mRhF in sera from patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus was lower than with C1q RIA suggesting
      that the IC in these patients contain antibodies not detected by the mRhF used.
      IC in the sera of patients with melanoma were detected more frequently by the
      mRhF assay which may indicate the IC in these sera were in antigen excess.
      Detection of IC by mRhF nephelometry was rapid, technically simple and yielded
      results which complemented those of the established C1q RIA method. This assay
      system is a useful addition to methods currently available for detection of IC
      and the similar use of rheumatoid factors against different classes of antibody
      should extend its usefulness.

PMID- 390049
TI  - A technique for the purification of immune complexes using rheumatoid factor.
AB  - A method for the purification of immune complexes (IC) from human serum is
      described, using as a model complexes of tetanus toxoid with human antitoxoid
      antibodies (TAT). The technique is based on the ability of IC to bind to tubes
      coated with rheumatoid factor (RF). Small amounts of TAT IC were added to human
      serum and the mixtures were rotated overnight in tubes coated with RF. The tubes
      were then washed and the bound material was eluted with sodium dodecyl sulphate
      and iodinated with 125I. Analysis of the labeled preparation by electrophoresis
      in polyacrylamide gels revealed the presence of the toxoid component. The
      technique should be useful in isolating small amounts of IC for analytical
      purposes.

PMID- 390051
TI  - Observations on the validation of immunochemical assays of monoclonal
      immunoglobulins.
AB  - Assays of specific immunoglobulins by immunochemical methods are subject to a
      well-documented discrepancy when the test sample contains a monoclonal
      immunoglobulin of the class under assay. Demonstration of parallelism of the
      polyclonal standard and test sample log dose-response curves if proposed as an
      essential step in the validation of such assays, but theoretical considerations
      suggest that the mechanism underlying the observed discrepancy is unlikely to be
      associated with non-parallelism. The examination of 50 samples containing
      monoclonal immunoglobulins provides no evidence for rejecting the theoretical
      conclusions. It is shown here that demonstration of parallelism is of no value in
      establishing the validity of monoclonal immunoglobulin assays by immunochemical
      methods. The observation of relative changes in paraprotein concentration using
      an initial myeloma serum from the same subject as an arbitrary reference point is
      criticised.

PMID- 390050
TI  - A novel technique for detecting IgA coated potentially pathogenic microorganisms
      in the human intestine.
AB  - This paper describes a novel method for detecting immunoglobulin A (IgA) coated
      potentially pathogenic microorganisms (PPMs) in the human intestine. Essentially,
      the technique consists of 2 phases: one in which IgA coated bacteria are detected
      by immunofluorescence and a second in which these bacteria are subcultured in
      situ and subsequently identified. In this way transient bacteria are
      differentiated from resident bacteria. These results show that the resident
      bacteria are coated with IgA. Resident microorganisms are always highly
      concentrated in the digestive tract. These results strengthen the hypothesis that
      only the high antigen concentrations achieved by a large number of resident
      bacteria are capable of IgA induction.

PMID- 390052
TI  - T-lymphocyte rosette inhibition titering of antisera by direct microassay.
AB  - A 60-sample micro-rosette inhibition assay for determining the 100% rosette
      inhibitory titers of heterologous antisera is described. The assay is performed
      in histocompatibility trays, under oil, using frozen-thawed thymocytes or
      peripheral blood lymphocytes for an appropriate period, either with or without
      added complement; SRBC are inoculated into each well, and rosettes formed by
      centrifugation of the trays at 200 x g. following centrifugation, glutaraldehyde
      is added to each well to fix rosettes to the well bottom and the plates inverted
      to allow unbound SRBC to fall away. One hundred percent rosette inhibition is
      determined by low power microscopic examination of the inverted wells. Highly
      reproducible in-assay (+/-4% average standard error) and between-assay (+/-9%)
      inhibition values are obtained which correlated well (r = 0.99) with values
      calculated by more conventional methodology.

PMID- 390054
TI  - Aggregated human immunoglobulin G stabilized by albumin: a standard for immune
      complex detection.
AB  - Stabilized preparations of heat-aggregated human immunoglobulin G (A-IgG) of
      restricted size were made by separating A-IgG by sucrose density gradient
      ultracentrifugation in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA). Periodic
      recentrifugation of stored fractions of the radiolabelled A-IgG indicated that
      the initial sedimentation characteristics were preserved. Pooled fractions of A
      IgG stored for up to 16 months had the same functional activity as freshly
      prepared A-IgG of corresponding size when assessed by activation of the first
      component of complement and consumption of C4 and CH50 in normal human serum. It
      was also found that the reactivity of A-IgG in the C1q binding assay (C1Q-BA) and
      the conglutinin binding assay (Con-BA) was not altered by long-term storage of
      these A-IgG. Testing different batches of [125I]C1q and conglutinin with the same
      batch of stabilized A-IgG showed variations due to the instability of both
      [125I]C1q and conglutinin. The influence of these variations on the
      quantification of the levels of immune complexes in sera was reduced by using
      stable A-IgG as a reference. The assays were compared to determine the effect of
      the size of the aggregate. The C1Q-BA detected preferentially A-IgG of large
      size, while size had no influence in the Con-BA. These results suggest that the
      stability of A-IgG in BSA is such that this preparation may be used as a reliable
      standard for immune complex assays.

PMID- 390053
TI  - Application of passive hemagglutination for evaluation of antisperm antibodies
      and a modified Coomb's test for detecting male autoimmunity to sperm antigens.

PMID- 390055
TI  - Uncovered skin grafts in mice.
AB  - A technique for suturing ear skin on the lateral thoracic area of recipient mice
      is described. Using this technique the graft was visible from the day of grafting
      until rejection was complete and mice were not burdened by circumferential body
      dressings. Consistent mean survival times were observed in a donor-recipient
      combination over 1 year's time and technical failures could be recognized. This
      technique was useful to accurately assess accelerated rejection responses in
      normal mice that occur 4-8 days after grafting as a result of passively
      transferred effector cells.

PMID- 390056
TI  - A simple method for the detection and assay of C1.
AB  - A simple method is described for the production of human serum deficient in the
      complement component C1. This C1-deficient serum can be used for the assay of C1.
      If the amount of C1 is expressed in terms of its subcomponent C1q, the method can
      detect C1 when the C1q subcomponent content is only 10 pg.

PMID- 390057
TI  - Control of excitation in the fluorescence microscope.
AB  - In fluorescence microscopy image brightness and contrast and the rate of fading
      depend upon the intensity of illumination of the specimen. An iris diaphragm or
      neutral density filters may be used to reduce fluorescence excitation. Also the
      excitation bandwidth may be varied by using a broad band exciter filter with a
      set of interchangeable yellow glass filters at the lamphouse.

PMID- 390058
TI  - John Evans, M.D. 1814-1897.

PMID- 390059
TI  - Phagocyte chemotaxis.

PMID- 390060
TI  - Demonstration of the complement regulating protein, beta 1H, in skin biopsies
      from patients with bullous pemphigoid.
AB  - beta 1H-globulin is a recently characterized plasma protein which regulates the
      biologic activities of the major fragment of the third complement component, C3b.
      The major function of this protein is to act as a co-factor for C3b Inactivator
      (C3bINA) in the cleavage of C3b to an intermediate molecule, C3b', consisting of
      an intact beta-chain covalently bound by disulfide bridges to 2 alpha-chain
      fragments of 40,000 and 67,000 daltons. Final cleavage of C3b' to the C3c and C3d
      fragments requires an additional protease such as plasmin or elastase.
      Additionally, beta 1H interferes with the activity of the alternative pathway
      convertases, C3bBb and C3bBbP, by displacing or competing with the binding of
      factor B. In this study, perilesional skin biopsies from 10 patients with active
      bullous pemphigoid were examined for the presence of beta 1H at the dermal
      epidermal junction by immunofluorescent methods. The protein was found in 8 of 9
      biopsies in which C3 also was deposited. In a single case where C3 was not found,
      beta 1H was not seen. These findings suggest that beta 1H plays a role in the in
      vivo control of C3b and provides additional evidence for the participation of the
      complement system in the pathogenesis of bullous pemphigoid.

PMID- 390061
TI  - Diagnosis of bacterial meningitis by gas-liquid chromatography. I. Chemotyping
      studies of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria
      meningitidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli.
AB  - With the use of gas-liquid chromatographic techniques, the chemical
      characteristics of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3, Escherichia coli, group B
      Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and Staphylococcus aureus,
      organisms that commonly cause bacterial meningitis, were identified. The
      combination of lipid, carbohydrate, and lipopolysaccharide components provided
      discriminating markers for chemotyping these bacteria. E. coli had a high content
      of 17- and 19-carbon cyclopropane fatty acids, whereas none of the other
      organisms tested revealed any cyclic acids, apart from a possible trace amount in
      S. pneumoniae. The content of isomethyl branching fatty acids clearly
      distinguished S. pneumoniae and S. aureus. N. meningitidis and H. influenzae were
      somewhat similar in their overall fatty acid compositions, but the presence of
      galactose without rhamnose in extracts of N. meningitidis readily distinguished
      N. meningitidis from H. influenzae. Only extracts from E. coli contained mannose;
      erythrose was an exclusive marker in extracts of S. pneumoniae. These data
      suggest that these differences in chemotype might be useful in developing a gas
      liquid chromatographic assay of spinal fluid for the rapid laboratory diagnosis
      of bacterial meningitis.

PMID- 390062
TI  - Meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae in infant rats: protective immunity
      and antibody priming by gastrointestinal colonization with Escherichia coli.
AB  - Infant rats aged five to seven days were fed Escherichia coli O75:K100:H5, E.
      coli O13:K92:H4, or saline and five weeks later were inoculated with Haemophilus
      influenzae type b. The incidence of bacteremia and meningitis was significantly
      less (P less than 0.05) for rats fed E. coli that possessed K100 capsular antigen
      (cross-reactive with type b capsular antigen) than for rats fed E. coli K92 or
      saline. Antibody to capsular antigen was not detectable in sera obtained from
      rats prior to challenge with H. influenzae type b, but five days after challenge,
      antibody levels were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in rats colonized
      with E. coli K100 than in controls. These results, together with data from
      passive-immunization studies, suggested that the protection against infection
      with H. influenzae type b was due to priming or serum anticapsular antibody,
      although a protective role for cell-mediated immunity and/or secretory antibody
      could not be ruled out. E. coli K100 primed rats vaccinated with purified H.
      influenzae type b antigen for a significantly increased, although transient,
      anticapsular antibody response.

PMID- 390063
TI  - Identification of patients with increased risk of infection with herpes simplex
      virus after renal transplantation.
AB  - Forty-nine recipients of renal allografts were studied for infection with herpes
      simplex virus (HSV) before and at sequential intervals after transplantation.
      Forty-four (90%) of the patients studied were initially seropositive for
      neutralizing antibody to HSV type 1. HSV was not shed prior to transplantation
      nor by any of the five seronegative recipients after transplantation. Twenty-nine
      (66%) of the 44 seropositive patients shed virus postoperatively: 23 in saliva,
      three in urine, and three in both sites. Twenty (63%) of 32 seropositive patients
      examined developed herpetic mucocutaneous lesions. Both viral shedding and
      lesions were most prevalent during the first four weeks after transplantation.
      Twenty-nine (85%) of 34 patients with antibody titers of 1:256-1:4,096 and zero
      of 10 with titers of 1:8-1:128 shed HSV postoperatively (P less than 0.0001). The
      group with high antibody titers before transplantation were also more likely to
      develop lesions after transplantation (P = 0.002) as were those with a positive
      history (P = 0.017). The ability to predict symptomatic HSV recurrences in renal
      transplant patients could be a valuable aid in identifying individuals with which
      to evaluate antiviral compounds.

PMID- 390065
TI  - Effect of antibiotics on the adherence of enterobacteriaceae to human buccal
      cells.
AB  - Antibiotics at bacteriostatic concentrations (four times the minimal inhibitory
      concentration) decreased the attachment of Enterobacteriaceae to human buccal
      cells in vitro and augmented the reversibility of such adherence. These actions
      of antibiotics may influence colonization by nosocomial bacteria and the
      subsequent infection that they cause.

PMID- 390064
TI  - Host defense in cryptococcosis. III. Protection of nude mice by thymus
      transplantation.
AB  - Congenitally athymic (nude) BALB/c mice, which are homozygous for the nu gene,
      are extremely susceptible to challenge with Cryptococcus neoformans. Groups of
      nude mice received transplants of thymus tissue obtained from either heterozygous
      (nu/+) mice or normal BALB/c mice not carrying the nu gene. Survival and delayed
      type hypersensitivity were measured after challenge with cryptococci. Mice that
      received thymus tissue from a heterozygous (nu/+) or normal BALB/c mouse donor
      had markedly prolonged survival after challenge. In addition, mice that received
      thymus tissue from normal BALB/c mice developed delayed-type hypersensitivity to
      cryptococcal antigens following challenge. These studies indicate that
      transplantation of thymus tissue effectively increases host immune resistance
      against C. neoformans.

PMID- 390066
TI  - Evidence for enterotoxin production by a classic enteropathogenic serotype of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Isolates of classic enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O:128 that had been
      implicated in an outbreak of diarrhea in a hospital nursery were found to produce
      heat-stable enterotoxin after storage for six years. This finding indicated that
      enteropathogenicity and the ability to produce enterotoxin may coincide in E.
      coli, and further study of enteropathogenic strains that produce enterotoxin may
      help in elucidation of the relationship between enteropathogenic and
      enterotoxigenic E. coli.

PMID- 390067
TI  - Comparison of techniques for measurement of in vitro antibiotic synergism.
AB  - The methods and criteria for testing for synergy were compared with use of 22
      strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and a combination of cephalothin and gentamicin.
      With the checkerboard technique, the frequency of synergy varied depending on the
      criterion employed. When the rate of killing of bacteria by antibiotics was
      measured, results varied depending on the size of inoculum. When the checkerboard
      and killing-curve techniques were compared, there was poor correlation in terms
      of the frequency of strains showing synergy. Because clinical observations
      suggest that treatment of serious infections with combinations of antibiotics
      found to be synergistic in vitro may enhance survival, standardization of the
      methods and criteria used to test for synergy should be undertaken.

PMID- 390068
TI  - Antimicrobial synergism--an elusive concept.

PMID- 390069
TI  - [History of casting].

PMID- 390070
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor David M. Bosworth].

PMID- 390071
TI  - [Management of pseudarthrosis].

PMID- 390072
TI  - Transmission and scanning electron microscopic studies of rhinoscleroma.
AB  - Using both types of electron microscope, combined transmission and scanning
      electron microscopic studies were done on 6 patients with rhinoscleroma. The
      present work suggests the possibility of two types of organisms causing the
      disease: one type--being in the majority--was a rod-shaped bacillus measuring
      about 3 micrometers; the other type was a short, stout bacillus with terminal
      spiral cilia. The ultrastructure of these bacilli has been described. The
      advantages and limitations of each type of electron microscopy in the
      investigation of rhinoscleroma have been discussed.

PMID- 390073
TI  - Sensory neural organization of the cochlea.

PMID- 390074
TI  - Comparative study of staple vs suture anastomosis in low anterior resection.

PMID- 390075
TI  - President Maine Medical Association 1979-1980. Brinton T. Darlington, M.D.

PMID- 390076
TI  - Intragastric rupture of a left gastric artery aneurysm. Report of a case and
      review of the literature.

PMID- 390077
TI  - Group B streptococcal peritonitis in a child with the nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 390078
TI  - Electrocardiography in myocardial infarction.
AB  - Electrocardiography is an evolving clinical diagnostic modality for detection of
      acute myocardial infarction. Animal studies and electrocardiographic-clinical
      pathological correlations have provided experience currently used for detection
      and rough localization of myocardial infarcts. Additions to the conventional 12
      electrocardiographic leads have been utilized to increase the diagnostic
      sensitivity of the ECG in the setting of myocardial infarction. Mapping of ST
      segment elevation an QRS complex from several chest wall loci have been employed
      for purposes of quantitating serially myocardial ischemic injury and eventual
      necrosis. These multiple lead electrocardiographic systems have also been
      utilized in assessing therapeutic interventions in the Coronary Care Unit.
      Usefulness of standard and multiple-lead recording systems is enhanced by
      awareness of their limitations when applied to patients with acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 390079
TI  - I. V. Zavadskii and the beginnings of behavioral pharmacology: an historical note
      and translation.
AB  - I. V. Zavadskii, who worked in Pavlov's laboratory between 1907 and 1909,
      performed a study that has many of the characteristics of modern behavioral
      pharmacology. He studied the effects of alcohol, morphine, cocaine and caffeine
      on the conditioned salivary reflex. A translation of his paper and some brief
      comments on his life are presented.

PMID- 390080
TI  - A comparative survey of the function, mechanism and control of cellular
      oscillators.
AB  - This review attempts to survey in a uniform manner the available evidence
      concerning the generation and behaviour of several well-investigated cellular
      oscillators. Members of two broad classifications are contrasted: (i) cytoplasmic
      oscillations, where the periodic phenomena is generated by an instability pathway
      and (ii) membrane oscillators in which a membrane potential rhythm is generated
      at the membrane. Interactions between the cytoplasmic and membrane compartments
      are considered and the effects of these interactions on oscillatory behaviour is
      discussed. Because of their biological importance and the greater body of
      experimental results, particular attention is directed to a study of membrane
      potential oscillations. These systems can be approximately classified in two
      groups: (i) systems in which a periodic potential results from oscillatory
      changes in permeability and (ii) systems in which potential oscillations result
      from the periodic activity of an electrogenic pump. The examples considered
      include the glycolytic oscillator, oscillations in vein contraction in the slime
      mould Physarum polycephalum, rhythmic aggregation in Dictyostelium discoideum,
      neural oscillators, the periodic potential in Purkinje fibres and the sino-atrial
      node and rhythmic behaviour in smooth muscle. Questions considered include the
      generation of periodic activity, the modulation of the oscillation by drugs and
      other metabolic and membrane effectors and the question of the functional role of
      these oscillations.

PMID- 390081
TI  - An atlas of cellular oscillators.

PMID- 390082
TI  - Dynamic oscillations in the membrane potential of pancreatic islet cells.
AB  - Glucose and other metabolizable sugars which elicit insulin release from the beta
      cell of the pancreatic islet induce repetitive oscillations in the beta-cell
      transmembrane potential. Upon each phasic depolarization are superimposed rapid
      fluctuations in potentials, i.e. 'action potentials' or 'spikes' which occur as
      bursts of electrical activity; the duration and frequency of each burst is a
      function of glucose concentration. These established electrophysiological
      features of glucose-islet cell interaction are described in detail together with
      a consideration of their possible molecular and ionic basis. Based on these
      observations, a dynamic mathematical computer model of the beta-cell membrane
      electrical behaviour is presented which utilizes the Goldman equation extended to
      include divalent ions. The model illustrates how the ionic mechanisms deduced
      from experimental observations can account for the electrical patterns produced
      by the beta-cells in the presence of D-glucose; it also allows systematic changes
      to be made in a number of state variables in order to assess their relative
      importance and possible contribution to the integrated processes actually
      observed. Finally, distinction is made between aspects of the model which are
      well supported by experimental results and those areas which require further
      analysis.

PMID- 390083
TI  - Peyton Rous.

PMID- 390085
TI  - A hemolytic plaque assay for activated murine T cells.
AB  - In an earlier report, it was shown that murine spleen cells cultured with
      concanavalin A (Con A) released into the culture supernatants helper and
      suppressor substances for antibody production. The present communication
      describes the production of rabbit antisera against culture supernates from Con A
      activated spleen cells and their use in a plaque assay for mitogen-activated T
      cells. The plaque assay, utilizing SRBC to which Staphylococcal protein A had
      been coupled, the developing anti-supernatant antiserum and guinea pig
      complement, readily detected secreting T cells. The T-cell nature of the plaque
      forming cells (PFC) was established principally by the following: (a) the
      majority of lymphocytes in the centers of plaques were Thy-1-positive by
      fluroescence; (b) spleen cells depleted of B cells by incubation in plastic
      dishes coated with rabbit anti-mouse Ig antibody gave greatly enriched PFC
      responses; (c) anti-Thy-1 and anti-Lyt-2.2 treatment of spleen cells almost
      completely depleted PFC; (d) T-cell mitogens (Con A and phytohemagglutinin) but
      not B-cell mitogens (lipopolysaccharides) induced PFC responses; (e) T cells
      maintained in culture for 10 d with Con A and T-cell growth factor yielded PFC.
      Kinetic and dose response studies showed that high doses of mitogen induced
      rapidly appearing T-PFC and the responses peaked at day 1--2 of culture. Lower
      doses of mitogen-induced PFC required longer periods of incubation for detection,
      indicating that cell activation and secretion may be different dose-dependent
      activities of mitogens. Another noteworthy finding was that the antiserum reacted
      with surface antigens of T-PFC, indicating that secreted products are expressed
      on the membranes of T cells, offering the possibility of isolating populations of
      cells with specific secretory potential. Although the precise nature of the T
      cell products detected by the antiserum used in this assay are unresolved, 10% of
      the target-cell-adherent population from spleen cells of BALB/c mice sensitized
      to L929 cells formed plaques. This suggests that the antiserum has significant
      activity against the products of cytotoxic T cells, a finding which accords with
      the activity of anti-Lyt-2.2 serum against mitogen-induced T-PFC. The method
      clearly offers new possibilities for the analysis of T cells and their products
      and should provide an important approach to the clonal analysis of lymphokine
      production.

PMID- 390084
TI  - Human immune response to immunization with a structurally defined polypeptide
      fragment of streptococcal M protein.
AB  - We tested the ability of pepsin-extracted, highly purified M protein to induce
      type-specific immunity in experimental animals and humans. M protein was prepared
      from limited peptic digests of whole group A type 24 streptococci and was
      purified to chemical homogeneity as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, quantitative amino acid analysis, and Edman
      degradation. For vaccination, the lyophilized M24 protein preparation (pep M24)
      was precipitated in aluminum hydroxide. When injected into laboratory animals,
      alum-precipitated pep M24 produced type-specific protective antibodies and was
      free of non-type-specific immunoreactivity. In man, skin tests with 1-microgram
      doses of pep M24 were negative in all 37 adults tested. 12 adult human volunteers
      received two-four subcutaneous injections of 100-200 micrograms of alum
      precipitated pep M24 at intervals of at least 2 wk. The immune response to pep
      M24 was measured by a variety of assays designed to detect (a) type-specific
      humoral antibodies (opsonophagocytic, long chain, and mouse protection tests);
      (b) total humoral antibodies (complement fixation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent
      assay); (c) cellular immunity (skin tests); and (d) heart cross-reactive
      antibodies (immunofluorescence). Type-specific opsonic antibodies developed in 10
      of the 12 vaccinees, and positive delayed-type skin tests developed in 11. Immune
      sera from two of the vaccinees were effective in mouse-protection tests against
      challenge with M24 but not M6 streptococci. None of the volunteers developed
      heart-reactive antibodies or antibodies to non-type-specific M protein antigens.
      Alum-precipitated pep M24 was well-tolerated in man, and no serious local or
      systemic reactions were observed. Thus, pep M24 induces type-specific, protective
      antibodies in doses that are well-tolerated in man.

PMID- 390086
TI  - Interactions between human eosinophils and schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni.
      II. The mechanism of irreversible eosinophil adherence.
AB  - Previous work (1)(1) has shown that normal human eosinophils show a preferential
      capacity, in comparison with neutrophils, to bind to antibody- coated
      schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni. This effect is attributable to a
      temperature-dependent function of the eosinophil which renders its binding stable
      and irreversible by aggregated gamma globulin or Staphylococcus aureus protein A.
      In contrast, the binding of neutrophils is readily reversible by these agents. It
      has now been shown that the differences observed between eosinophils and
      neutrophils is a property of their interaction with living schistosomula. When
      dead or artificially damaged schistosomula were tested, neutrophils showed a
      markedly enhanced capacity to adhere, in both the presence and absence of anti
      chistosomular serum. Subsequent experiments were designed to test the hypothesis
      that the strong, stable binding of eosinophils was attributable to degranulation,
      with release of granule contents which would then serve as ligands to bind the
      cell to the organism. First, an enhanced adherence both of eosinophils and of
      neutrophils could be demonstrated in the presence of eosinophil major basic
      protein (MBP) or of protamine, a high molecular weight cation. Second, the
      binding of eosinophils induced by concanavalin A (Con A) was found to differ
      markedly from that induced by antischistosomular serum. Con A-mediated binding of
      eosinophils was fully reversible by alpha-methyl-mannoside, was not associated
      with damage to the organism, and did not lead to degranulation of the cell, as
      estimated by measuring the release of MBP into the culture supernate. However,
      induction of degranulation of concanavalin A-bound eosinophils, but not of
      neutrophils, with the calcium ionophore A23187 converted the reaction into one
      which was no longer reversible by alpha- methylmannoside and in which damage to
      the organism now did occur. These findings support the hypothesis that the stable
      binding of eosinophils is associated with degranulation, a process which may
      contribute to the preferential capacity of this cell to mediate antibody
      dependent damage to schistosomula.

PMID- 390087
TI  - Characterization and localization of the enzymatic deacylation of lipoteichoic
      acid in group A streptococci.
AB  - Protoplasts of a group A streptococcal strain were shown to contain enzymatic
      activity capable of converting lipoteichoic acid (LTA) to deacylated lipoteichoic
      acid (dLTA). The enzyme(s) appear to be located mainly in the membrane, although
      activity was also found in the cytoplasm. Determination of the sites of cleavage
      within the LTA molecule was approached by comparing the chemical composition of
      LTA and native dLTA. Native dLTA, as distinguished from chemically deacylated
      LTA, was isolated from buffer in which live streptococci had been resuspended and
      incubated. The chemical data suggest that the enzyme(s) was(were) lipolytic in
      nature; that is, the conversion of LTA to dLTA was the result of cleavage of the
      ester linkages between the fatty acids and the remainder of the LTA molecule.

PMID- 390089
TI  - Richard Samuel Hodes, M.D.

PMID- 390088
TI  - Concentrations of phenobarbital, flurazepam, and flurazepam metabolites in
      autopsy cases.
AB  - In five cases of death resulting from acute intoxication with phenobarbital and
      flurazepam, the blood, urine, brain, lung, liver,  and kidney levels of these
      drugs as well as the levels of N-1 hydroxyethyl, N-1 desalkyl, and N-1 desalkyl-3
      hydroxy flurazepam metabolites were determined. Concentration of flurazepam and
      its metabolites was determined by using new gas chromatographic conditions
      employing a selective detector for nitrogen-containing substances and a column of
      1% SP-1000. In addition, the EMIT technique was also employed on blood and urine
      samples and the results compared with GLC data.

PMID- 390091
TI  - Nonossifying fibroma of the mandible--a case report.

PMID- 390090
TI  - [Double-blind therapeutic trial of active duodenal ulcer disease with
      "Cimetidine" (author's transl)].

PMID- 390092
TI  - Recurrent mutation and selection for increased penicillin titre in Aspergillus
      nidulans.
AB  - Recurrent mutation and selection has been used to increase penicillin titre in
      two closely related strains of Aspergillus nidulans. A selection programme was
      initiated from each of the two strains (programmes A and B) and continued through
      six cycles of mutation and selection. Near-ultraviolet light in conjuction with 8
      methoxypsoralen was employed as the sole mutagen throughout programme A and ethyl
      methanesulphonate as the sole mutagen throughout programme B. Excluding the first
      cycle of A, where only 50 strains were assayed, the selection programmes were
      identical. In each programme, 100 survivors were assayed for penicillin titre
      after each mutagenic treatment and, on the basis of a single yield test, the best
      five strains were picked and carried forward to the next cycle. In both selection
      programmes, a near 300% increase in penicillin titre was achieved. This yield
      advance illustrates the effectiveness for strain development of experimental
      designs involving successive cycles of mutagenesis with a single-stage screen and
      the selection of the top few percent survivors in each cycle.

PMID- 390093
TI  - Mapping of a new hem gene in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - A new type of haem-deficient mutant was isolated in Escherichia coli K12 by
      neomycin selection. The mutant, designated SASX38, accumulated uroporphyrin,
      coproporphyrin and protoporphyrin. Since it possessed normal ferrochelatase
      activity, it was assumed to be deficient in protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity.
      The gene affected in the mutant was designated hemG. Mapping of the hemG gene by
      phage P1-mediated transduction showed that it was located very close to the chlB
      gene (frequency of cotransduction 78.7%), between the metE and rha markers. This
      location is distinct from the other known hem loci in E. coli K12.

PMID- 390094
TI  - Microbial determinations by flow cytometry.
AB  - Recent improvements in the optics and electronics of flow cytometry systems, as
      well as in staining techniques, permit the assay of such minute cellular
      constituents as the DNA and protein contents of micro-organisms. To assess the
      usefulness of this technique, DNA and protein content distributions were
      determined in Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus casei,
      Chlorella kessleri 8k, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida utilis,
      Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Euglena gracilis. Investigations of the DNA content
      distributions of polyploid strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicated that the
      method can be used to determine ploidy. The rapidity of flow cytometry
      measurements allows accurate determinations in large populations.

PMID- 390095
TI  - Specific proline accumulation in an acrA mutant of Escherichia coli K12 grown in
      salt-hypertonic medium.
AB  - Free proline is specifically accumulated in an acrA mutant of Escherichia coli
      K12 when cultured in a medium containing excess NaCl.

PMID- 390096
TI  - Inducibility of germ-tube formation in Candida albicans at different phases of
      yeast growth.

PMID- 390097
TI  - Specific heavy metal labeling of the 3-'terminus of phosphorothioate modified
      yeast tRNAPhe.
AB  - Yeast tRNAPhe containing a phosphorothioate modified -CS-CS-A terminus binds two
      moles of chloroterpyridineplatinum(II). This result was determined by titrating
      the tRNA with [3H](terpy)PtCl] Cl, removing excess platinum by cation exchange
      chromatography, and determining the amount of bound platinum by radiocounting
      techniques. It has thus been established that adjacent phosphorothioate modified
      nucleotides can be labeled with an electron dense stain, a necessary requirement
      for electronmicroscopic sequencing of polynucleotides to become practical.

PMID- 390098
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease treated with amantadine.
AB  - A case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease treated with amantadine showed considerable
      initial improvement, followed by a period of almost five years during which the
      patient remained in a relatively stable condition until he died accidentally. The
      diagnosis was confirmed histologically.

PMID- 390099
TI  - Some neurological observations on Leonardo da Vinci's handwriting.
AB  - The present study concerns neuropsychological aspects of the handwriting of
      Leonardo da Vinci. The evidence for Leonardo's left handedness is considered, and
      a critical appraisal of his mirror writing and its underlying mechanism is
      presented. The relationship between Leonardo's sinistrality, mirror writing and
      certain aspects of localisation of cerebral function are discussed. From these
      considerations and from new evidence obtained from contemporary historical
      sources, it is proposed that Leonardo's language skills were lateralised to the
      more unusual right hemisphere.

PMID- 390100
TI  - Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
AB  - A Finnish family is described with 9 cases of presenile dementia in 3
      generations. The mean age at onset was 52 years (range 46--62 years). Progressive
      dementia, upper motor neuron signs, muscular rigidity, and twitching, irregular
      tremors were consistent features in the 6 clinically investigated patients and
      were associated with spongiform change in the cerebral cortex of one autopsy and
      two brain biopsy cases. The EEG showed progressive slowing without the occurrence
      of repetitive high-voltage complexes at any stage of the disease. The average
      duration of the disease (21 months, range 11--36 months) was longer than in the
      sporadic form of CJD. The occurrence of CJD within this family follows a pattern
      consistent with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, suggesting the
      possibility of vertical transmission of the presumptive causative agent for
      example by genomic integration or transplacental passage. However, the occurrence
      of the disease only through the paternal line of relationships and the presence
      of a discordant twin pair argue strongly against transplacental passage or
      transmission via mother's milk. Simple contact infection also seems unlikely, as
      conjugal cases were not found among the 7 married patients. The interval between
      the death of the last affected member in generation IV and the time of onset of
      the disease in the first affected member of generation V was 10 years. Thus
      setting a minimum incubation period if case-to-case transmission were occurring.
      To evaluate the role of a genetically determined susceptibility to infection
      studies on the HLA antigens and other genetic markers are in progress.

PMID- 390101
TI  - Kuru plaques in the brain of two cases with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. A common
      origin for the two diseases?
AB  - We present two patients aged 66 and 69, with a rapidly progressive disease (10
      and 15 months' duration) in which the presenting symptom was instability of gait.
      Later dementia was also a prominent feature. One case had myoclonus. Repeated
      EEGs showed symmetrical slowing in one case and periodic generalised bursts of
      triphasic waves at 1 cps superimposed upon a slow (3-4 cps) background activity
      in the other. The pathological findings consisted of classical Creutzfeld-Jakob
      disease (CJD), Kuru plaques (KP) were disseminated in the brain, but were more
      numerous in the cerebellum, putamen and thalamus. Neurons with large vacuoles in
      the cytoplasm were numerous in the putamen, thalamus and anterior horns. Stress
      is laid upon the common findings in both CJD and Kuru (K) (clinical features,
      pathological data, lack of antibody response, transmissibility, change in pattern
      on transmission). The possibility of a common origin of the two diseases is
      discussed.

PMID- 390102
TI  - A search for antibodies against glial cells in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid
      of patients with multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barre syndrome.
AB  - We have used indirect immunofluorescence to examine the binding of immunoglobulin
      in sera from patients with multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, other
      neurological diseases, and normal subjects to marker-identified glial cells in
      dissociated primary cell cultures of neonatal rat corpus callosum and sciatic
      nerve. In corpus callosum cultures all the sera tested showed weak surface
      staining of oligodendrocytes and of a small percentage of astrocytes and bright
      staining of fibroblasts. The cerebrospinal fluid from one patient with multiple
      sclerosis showed the same pattern of staining while the cerebrospinal fluid from
      other patients with multiple sclerosis and pathological controls only showed weak
      staining of fibroblasts. None of the sera stained the cytoplasm of
      oligodendrocytes in frozen sections of adult rat optic nerve. In sciatic nerve
      cultures all sera showed weak staining of Schwann cells and fibroblasts. Thus we
      were unable to distinguish patients with demyelinating diseases from normal
      individuals or from patients with other neurological diseases in terms of serum
      or cerebrospinal fluid anti-glial cell antibodies.

PMID- 390103
TI  - Rate of regeneration of sensory axons in transected rat sciatic nerve repaired
      with epineurial sutures.
AB  - Rat sciatic nerves were cut and the ends were rejoined using epineurial sutures.
      The most rapidly regenerating sensory axons, as measured by the pinch test, grew
      at a rate of 3.2 +/- 0.2 (SE) mm/day after a delay of 4.0 +/- 0.3 (SE) days.
      Regenerating axons began to grow beyond the site of injury about 2 days later in
      sutured nerves than in crushed nerves; this difference provides an estimate of
      the scar delay in sutured nerves. The rate of axonal outgrowth was slower in
      sutured nerves than in crushed nerves throughout the distal stump.

PMID- 390104
TI  - An improved method for the concentration of cerebrospinal fluid cells by suction
      tip and sedimentation chamber.
AB  - To concentrate cells from cerebrospinal fluid, a new method was developed. The
      technique is a modification of the cell sedimentation method of Sayk. The fluid
      is absorbed after passing through a Nuclepore filter, pore size 0.4 micron. With
      the aid of simple utensils it is possible to obtain a cell preparation of high
      quality using only 0.3 ml of cerebrospinal fluid. The cytomorphology is as good
      as that achieved by Sayk's sedimentation technique. The cell yield was determined
      using an accurate and precise method to estimate the number of cells present in
      the cerebrospinal fluid. The average cell yield is 90%, and all staining methods
      are applicable. The system is easily modified, and can be suited to many other
      fluids and purposes.

PMID- 390105
TI  - Annotated film bibliography.

PMID- 390106
TI  - How school-age children perceive the intensive care unit environment.

PMID- 390107
TI  - Dr. Alexander Soberman November 15, 1920 - June 13, 1979.

PMID- 390108
TI  - Surface ultrastructure of the tegument of Clonorchis sinensis newly excysted
      juveniles and adult worms.
AB  - The tegumental structures of newly excysted juveniles and adult worms of
      Clonorchis sinensis were studied using scanning and transmission electron
      microscopy. After excystation the juvenile's tegumental surface is characterized
      by knoblike protuberances and is armed almost entirely with numerous rows of
      small spines encircling the body. These spines are double- or triple-pointed on
      the anterior portion of the body and become single-pointed posteriorly. Four
      types of presumed sensory structures were observed as follow: A) ciliated
      knoblike papillae and B) nonciliated platelike papillae, both of which are
      arranged in rougly a bilaterally symmetrical pattern dorsally, ventrally, and
      laterally; C) rounded swellings of nonciliated papillae on the lips of the
      ventral and oral suckers, which are characterized in the transmission electron
      microscope by a rounded dense body in the apical bulb; and D) a sensory receptor
      with a bulbous projection having the appearance of a modified cilium, which was
      not found with SEM likely owing to its being enclosed by an extension of the
      tegument. In full-grown adult worms, the tegumental surface is knobbed or
      lobulated in various forms without surface spines. The tegumental structures in
      the adults appear to be clearly differentiated from those in the juveniles.
      Upraised, buttonlike papillae, each topped by a short cilium, which are similar
      to the Type A papillae in the juveniles, are distributed thickly around the oral
      and ventral suckers, and are rather randomly scattered over the remainder of the
      body. Some nonciliated swollen papillae were found on the lip of the ventral
      sucker.

PMID- 390109
TI  - Use of immunologic techniques to detect chemotherapeutic success in infections
      with Fasciola hepatica. II. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in infected
      rats and rabbits.
AB  - An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed using microtiter
      plates for the immunodiagnosis of fascioliasis in rats and rabbits using extracts
      of adult worms partially purified by gel filtration chromatography using
      Sephacryl S-200. Partial purification was necessary to eliminate cross-reactivity
      with antisera having antibodies to schistosomes. Soft polyvinyl plates clearly
      gave superior results over hard polystyrine plates. Titers rose by 4 weeks of
      infection in rats with fascioliasis, by 6 weeks in the case of rabbits, and
      remained high through at least 12 and 28 weeks, respectively. Titers drop rapidly
      when animals are successfully treated with a fasciolicidal drug at 4--6 weeks of
      infection. The results show that the ELISA can be employed for the serodiagnosis
      of fascioliasis in rats and rabbits and is useful for the prediction of
      chemotherapeutic success.

PMID- 390110
TI  - Isolation of pure metacyclic trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi from triatomine
      bugs by use of a DEAE-cellulose column.

PMID- 390111
TI  - The use of fixed-tissue sections to determine antibodies to Onchocerca volvulus
      in a fluorescent antibody test.

PMID- 390113
TI  - History of the Canadian Association of Paediatric Surgeons.

PMID- 390112
TI  - Penetrating keratoplasty in children.
AB  - Sixteen penetrating keratoplasties were performed in 14 patients less than 16
      years old. Clear corneas were obtained in 62.5% of eyes with significantly
      improved vision in 56.2% of cases. The problems of postoperative treatments,
      complications, and amblyopia were found to be manageable. The visual benefits of
      corneal transplantation in selected cases in children appear to outweigh the
      difficulties and problems engendered by this procedure.

PMID- 390114
TI  - Renal homotransplantation in children.
AB  - Ninety-six renal transplants in 77 pediatric patients are reported with follow-up
      as long as 12 1/2 years. Thirteen of the first 14 patients are living with a
      functioning kidney after eight to 12 1/2 years. The patient survival for the
      entire group is 78%. Sixty-four percent are living with a functioning
      transplanted kidney. Splenectomy was initially performed at the time of
      transplant but has been discontinued because of concern that splenectomy in the
      immunosuppressed patient was related to an increased occurrence of septic
      complications. Anencephalic newborn infants have been found to be a satisfactory
      source of cadaver donor kidneys. Growth and development have been satisfactory
      when the transplant is performed prior to 12 years of age, if it functions well,
      and if an alternate-day regimen of steroid administration is followed. Both boys
      and girls have now passed through puberty with their transplanted kidneys, have
      married, become parents, and are leading essentially normal lives. A plea is made
      for earlier transplantation in small children with irreversible progressive renal
      failure before they develop severe stunting of growth and before the need for
      prolonged dialysis.

PMID- 390115
TI  - Desmethyldiazepam: a specific radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 390116
TI  - Disposition of valproic acid in the rat: dose-dependent metabolism, distribution,
      enterohepatic recirculation and choleretic effect.
AB  - A specific gas chromatographic assay has been developed for measurement of
      valproic acid (VPA) and its major conjugated metabolites. In rats given single
      intravenous doses, the decline in blood concentration of VPA was dose-dependent
      and followed first-order kinetics only at the lowest dose. The time required for
      the maximum concentration of VPA, after completion of the brief distribution
      phase, to decline by 50% was 11.7, 41 and 125 min at doses of 15, 150 and 600 mg
      of NaVPA per kg, respectively. A secondary increase in drug concentration,
      abolished by exteriorization of the bile, was observed in all intact rats with
      all doses. Some 45 to 55% of the dose appeared in the bile in 5 hr as VPA
      glucuronide. Urinary excretion of VPA glucuronide in intact animals accounted for
      23 and 51% of the 15 and 150 mg/kg doses, respectively. Tissue distribution
      studies in rats sacrificed 20 and 90 min after dosage with [14C] NaVPA (150
      mg/kg) showed that the drug concentration was highest in blood, moderate in
      liver, kidney, heart and lung and low in brain, fat, testis and skeletal muscle.
      During this interval the drug concentration declined in all tissues, whereas the
      total conjugated metabolites in the small intestine increased from 7 to 28% of
      the administered dose. The large intestine contained 30 times as much free drug
      as conjugate. Reabsorption of free VPA, released by hydrolysis of conjugate in
      the large bowel, accounted for the secondary rise in concentration of VPA
      observed in blood after single doses. The major urinary metabolites, VPA
      glucuronide and 2-n-propylgutaric acid, were identified by gas
      chromatography/chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Sodium VPA caused a dose
      dependent stimulation of bile flow, the magnitude and duration of which closely
      followed the blood concentration of VPA.

PMID- 390118
TI  - Peripheral electrosense physiology: a review of recent findings.
AB  - Advances, since 1974, in understanding the physiology of electroreceptors are
      reviewed. In brief: 1. In fish that produce a weak electric discharge with
      electric organs, the tuberous electroreceptors are generally most sensitive to
      stimulus frequencies near the species', individual's, and even local, waveform of
      the electric organ discharge; there is a good match between receptor sensitivity
      and the normal stimulus. 2. The ability of tuberous electroreceptors to detect
      field distortions produced by reasonably sized objects is limited; an object must
      be closer than a body-length to be detected, and the afferent response is a
      negative power function of object distance. 3. The second major electroreceptor
      class, the ampullary electroreceptors, is sensitive to low frequency, low
      intensity electric fields, and this acute sensitivity results in the ability of
      the receptors in marine species to detect magnetic fields on the order of the
      Earth's. 4. The calcium ion is essential for normal functioning of ampullary
      electroreceptors.

PMID- 390117
TI  - Review Lecture. La Chaleur Animale and the infant brain.

PMID- 390119
TI  - Central nervous system physiology of electroreception, a review.
AB  - There are several reasons why one can expect that the study of electric fish may
      prove instructive about general mechanisms of sensory processing and neuronal
      integration. These reasons include the following: the simplicity of the
      electrical signals which are the normal input and output; the availability of a
      variety of stereotyped behaviors to characterize the system as a whole; the case
      with which individual receptors or primary afferents can be activated; the
      demonstrated presence of corollary discharge and reafference mechanisms for motor
      control over sensory input; the presence of highly specialized CNS structures
      which have evolved to meet the unusual demands of the electrosensory system. Work
      relating to these and other aspects of the electrosensory systems is discussed
      with an emphasis on the potential which these systems offer.

PMID- 390120
TI  - Lingual plating for reciprocation.

PMID- 390121
TI  - The gingival response to well-finished composite resin restorations.
AB  - Within the limits of this study, the following conclusions are made: 1. Well
      finished and contoured composite resin restorations do not adversely affect the
      health of the gingiva. 2. The gingiva exhibits less inflammatory response to a
      well-finished and contoured composite resin restoration than to an open carious
      lesion. 3. The gingival inflammatory changes which do occur are independent of
      the presence of well-finished and contoured composite resin restorations. 4.
      Observation over an extended period of time is necessary to determine if
      composite resin restorations ultimately become gingival irritants.

PMID- 390122
TI  - Analysis of gold removal by acid etching and electrochemical stripping.

PMID- 390124
TI  - Stabilized occlusion rims for small interarch spaces.
AB  - This article describes three methods for fabricating stabilized occlusion rims
      for close interarch spaces. To utilize these methods, the dentist must anticipate
      the lack of space and request that the rims be fabricated by one of the methods
      outlined prior to the maxillomandibular relations appointment.

PMID- 390123
TI  - Post and core fabrication beneath an existing crown.
AB  - A technique has been described for constructing a post and core for a tooth
      fractured prior to insertion of a fixed partial denture. In selected patients,
      this method of repair offers an acceptable alternative to a more costly and time
      consuming refabrication of a fixed prosthesis.

PMID- 390126
TI  - American Board of Prosthodontics.

PMID- 390125
TI  - A method of correcting the posterior palatal seal area of a maxillary complete
      denture.
AB  - A processing technique for correcting the posterior palatal seal area of a
      maxillary denture has been described. The proper extension and displacement
      necessary for peripheral seal is reestablished without creating changes in
      occlusion or esthetics. Since the technique involves heat processing, the same
      acrylic resin present in the original base may be used, which makes the
      correction virtually impossible to detect.

PMID- 390127
TI  - Portal hypertension: a pilgrim's progress.

PMID- 390128
TI  - Introduction: establishing a conceptual framework for the critical analysis and
      planning of school dental programs.

PMID- 390129
TI  - Using effective strategies to implement a program administrator's goal.

PMID- 390131
TI  - Do school dental programs affect the dental status of children? -- a respondent's
      comments.

PMID- 390130
TI  - Reaction statement: overcoming obstacles to progress in school dental programs.

PMID- 390132
TI  - An historic parallel: 19th century education, 20th century dental care.

PMID- 390133
TI  - Mode of action of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on hypothalamo-pituitary function
      in adult female rats.
AB  - Administration of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC) to pro-oestrous rats
      (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, i.p. for 10 days) decreased the hypothalamic LH-RH
      content. Serum prolactin levels were reduced but serum LH and FSH and pituitary
      hormone content were similar to values in dioestrous rats. It is suggested that
      delta 9-THC acts primarily on the hypothalamus.

PMID- 390134
TI  - Plasma concentrations of FSH and LH in entire and castrated prepubertal bull
      calves treated with Gn-RH.
AB  - In bulls there was no increase in plasma FSH and only a small increase in LH over
      the first 14 weeks of age. In steers (castrated) plasma LH and FSH were unchanged
      for the first 3 weeks but increased significantly at 7 and 14 weeks. After 100
      micrograms Gn-RH, LH release in bulls was minimal until 7 and 14 weeks and there
      was no comparable rise for FSH. LH and FSH responded to Gn-RH throughout the
      trial in the steers. The neonatal calf testes selectively inhibited the release
      of FSH from the pituitary even when challenged with Gn-RH.

PMID- 390135
TI  - Pregnancy blockage and the memory of the stud male in the vole (Microtus
      agrestis).
AB  - When female voles were allowed contact with the stud male for only 1 h at the
      time of mating, 55% exhibited pregnancy failure when exposed to a strange male 48
      h later. When females were made psuedopregnant by hormone treatment and vaginal
      stimulation (i.e. no stud male involved), 87% exhibited luteal failure when
      exposed to a strange male. It is suggested that the characteristics of the stud
      male are rapidly imprinted upon the female at the time of mating and that this
      imprinting is important in preventing the female showing a blocking response to
      this male upon any subsequent exposure.

PMID- 390136
TI  - Evidence for a coitally induced 'mnemonic' involved in luteal function in the
      vole (Microtus agrestis).
AB  - The development of luteal function in the vole is dependent on a neuroendocrine
      reflex which is initially activated by mating. Bromocriptine was used to destroy
      the CL initially induced by mating and fresh CL were induced by hormone
      treatment. The fate of such newly formed CL suggested that the luteotrophic
      effect of mating continued for about 10 days after mating, despite the
      destruction of the original mating-induced CL. The luteotrophic effect of mating
      therefore seems to be 'remembered'. A study of the fate of hormonally induced CL
      in females in which pregnancy had been blocked by exposure to a strange male
      suggested that the strange male may cause pregnancy failure by inhibiting or
      suppressing the luteotrophic 'mnemonic' activated by the stud mating.

PMID- 390137
TI  - Effect of administration of antibody against GnRH on preovulatory LH and FSH
      surges in the ewe.

PMID- 390138
TI  - Pituitary uptake of 125I-D-Leu6, Des-Gly N2(10) LH-RH-ethylamide in
      ovariectomized rats pretreated with oestradiol-17 beta.
AB  - The objective of this study was to determine if pretreatment of ovariectomized
      rats with oestradiol-17 beta affects the anterior pituitary uptake of 125I-D
      Leu6, Des-Gly NH2(10)-LH-RH-ethylamide (125I-D-Leu6-LH-RH). Oestradiol-17 beta
      (0.5 microgram/0.5 ml oil) or oil was administered to ovariectomized rats at 2,
      4, 8, 12, 16, 20 or 24 h before death, and at 30 min before death, 5 ng 125I-D
      Leu6-LH-RH were injected intravenously. The serum LH response to analogue
      administration in oil-treated rats did not change over time, but that in
      oestradiol-treated rats was depressed for 4 h and restored 8-24 h after
      oestradiol treatment, with the greatest response being at 16 h. However, the
      pituitary (adrenal, CNS cortex and thyroid) uptake of 125I-D-Leu6-LH-RH in
      oestradiol-treated and control rats did not change over the 24-h time period.
      These data suggest that oestradiol-17 beta does not affect pituitary
      responsiveness to 125I-D-Leu6-LH-RH by inhibiting or facilitating the uptake of
      this analogue by the anterior pituitary.

PMID- 390139
TI  - A simple method for removing the luminal epithelium of the mouse uterus for
      biochemical studies.
AB  - The luminal epithelium of the mouse uterus was removed simply and rapidly by
      opening the uterine horns longitudinally and 'vortexing' them in buffer with
      glass balls. This procedure, which requires no specialized apparatus, was
      developed for use with uteri in different hormonal states, and 2 uterine
      horns/tube, 5 glass balls and vortexing for 2 min are suggested for routine use.
      Under these conditions, 79--100% of the cells were removed, yielding epithelial
      fractions of 65--90% purity. The suspension of cell constituents recovered
      contained intact nuclei which could be further purified. Extensive histological
      examination demonstrated that the other uterine tissues were minimally damaged.

PMID- 390140
TI  - Delayed implantation in lactating bank voles, Clethrionomys glareolus.
AB  - The time of blastocyst implantation in lactating and non-lactating female bank
      voles was studied. In primiparous females implantation started 4 days and 9-11 h
      after mating. A delayed implantation of at least 1 1/2 days was found in
      lactating, multiparous females when compared to non-lactating, multiparous and
      primiparous females.

PMID- 390142
TI  - Prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders.

PMID- 390141
TI  - Protein and steroid hormones in pregnancy.

PMID- 390143
TI  - Suppression of phytohemagglutinin and lipopolysaccharide responses in mouse
      spleen cells by Bacillus Calmette-Guerin.

PMID- 390144
TI  - Macrophage activation for tumor cytotoxicity: analysis of intermediary reactions.

PMID- 390145
TI  - Generation of colony-stimulating factor by purified macrophages and lymphocytes.

PMID- 390146
TI  - Multiplication of vaccina virus in the livers of mice after frog virus 3-induced
      damage to sinusoidal cells.

PMID- 390147
TI  - Preparation of protein-coated zymogen granules for use in studies of
      phagocytosis, vascular distribution and adherence techniques.

PMID- 390148
TI  - Macrophages of the mammalian small intestine: a review.

PMID- 390149
TI  - In vivo inhibitors of Escherichia coli phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase.
AB  - N-Benzyl-D-amphetamine is a potent in vitro and in vivo inhibitor of phenylalanyl
      tRNA synthetase of Escherichia coli. The concentration of this inhibitor
      necessary for the in vivo inhibition is approximately 100-fold greater than that
      necessary for inhibition of the purified enzyme. Treatment of rel+ strains of E.
      coli with the inhibitor results in a decreased percentage of tRNA Phe which is
      charged, guanosine tetraphosphate formation, cessation of RNA synthesis, and
      growth arrest. Evidence is presented which demonstrates that the primary and
      perhaps sole mode of action of N-benzyl-D-amphetamine is inhibition of
      phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase.

PMID- 390150
TI  - The sex ratio in spina bifida.
AB  - Published reports on the sex ratio of spina bifida have been reviewed. With one
      exception, there seems to be no evidence of variation in the sex ratio of spina
      bifida. In particular, unlike anencephaly, the sex ratio of spina bifida seems to
      be unrelated to the prevalence of the malformation: this (M/(M+F)) is of the
      order of 0.44 in respect of all spina bifida births (liveborn and stillborn). The
      sex ratio of spina bifida in Negroes does not seem to differ from that in whites
      (though the data on this point are not numerous). The exception noted above
      concerns spina bifida occurrring in twins: these cases are disproportionately
      often female. The point stands in need of explanation.

PMID- 390152
TI  - Spore antigens in the classification of some clostridia.
AB  - The spore antigens of Clostridium sporogenes, C. histolyticum, C. bifermentans
      and the butyric group were compared. By spore agglutination and fluorescent
      antibody technique (FAT) the 69 strains of C. histolyticum were divided into two
      types: serum raised against type I (66 strains) reacted with all strains of this
      species but showed no cross reaction with any of the three types of C.
      sporogenes; serum raised against type II (three strains) did not react with
      strains of C. histolyticum type I but showed cross reaction with all the 66
      strains of C. sporogenes type I. Thus, by antigenic analysis, spores of C.
      histolyticum type I were found to possess two components designated E and F; E
      was a type-specific component whilst F was shared by strains of type II. In
      addition, strains of C. histolyticum type II possessed a second component, G,
      which was shared by strains of C. sporogenes type I. There was no cross reaction
      between the precipitinogens of the spores of the two species. Five strains of C.
      bifermentans formed a homogeneous group as judged by spore agglutination, FAT and
      precipitation reactions. There was no cross reaction with any of the other
      proteolytic species studied. Five butyric strains also formed a homogeneous
      group. Two antigenic components were therefore assigned to the spore antigens of
      the two groups: J, for C. bifermentans and K, for the butyric strains.

PMID- 390151
TI  - Production of a bacteriocine-like substance by group-A streptococci of M-type 4
      and T-pattern 4.
AB  - A unique and characteristic bacteriocine-like inhibitor elaborated by M-type 4, T
      pattern 4, group-A streptococci was isolated and partially purified. This
      inhibitor was found to be produced optimally in Todd-Hewitt broth; after
      extraction and concentration, was shown to be protein in nature, and to have a
      m.w. of c. 8000. It was extremely heat stable and acid tolerant, but was quickly
      inactivated in alkaline conditions. It could be demonstrated in cell-bound form,
      but 99.5% was found in culture supernates. It was specifically adsorbed by viable
      sensitive cells, and its mode of action was bacteristatic.

PMID- 390153
TI  - Phagocytosis measured as inhibition of uridine uptake: a method that
      distinguishes between surface adherence and ingestion.
AB  - Polymorphonuclear leucocytes selectively inhibited the incorporation of 14C
      uridine by intracellular staphylococci. Within specified limits, the amount of
      radiolabel incorporated by extracellular staphylococci was related to bacterial
      concentration. The incorporation of labelled uridine can thus be exploited to
      assay the extent to which association between staphylococci and polymorphonuclear
      leucocytes reflects surface adherence as opposed to ingestion. A comparison of
      the new method with a conventional viable-count determination of leucocyte
      associated bacteria shows it to be comparable in efficiency when non-immune serum
      is used as opsonin and superior when specific opsonin is used.

PMID- 390155
TI  - The ability of cholestyramine resin and other adsorbents to bind Escherichia coli
      enterotoxins.
AB  - Several adsorbent materials were evaluated for their ability to bind Escherichia
      coli enterotoxins. Cholestyramine, a strong anion-exchange resin, bound the heat
      labile and the heat-stable types of enterotoxin and reduced significantly their
      effects in some animal models. However, its efficacy in the treatment of
      diarrhoeic piglets appeared to be adversely affected by the presence of milk in
      the alimentary tract.

PMID- 390154
TI  - Biotyping of Escherichia coli.
AB  - We examined the results of tests with 22 substrates for their ability to
      discriminate a series of 917 strains of Escherichia coli collected from different
      sources. The tests with three of the substrates were discarded because of
      difficulties in performance or interpretation, and another nine substrates
      because they provided little discrimination. The tests used to obtain biotype
      profiles for strains were those for the fermentation of dulcitol, D-raffinose or
      sucrose or both, L-rhamnose and L-sorbose, the decarboxylation of L-lysine and L
      ornithine, the hydrolysis of aesculin, motility, and prototrophy. Observations on
      several series of cultures from different sources showed that biotype characters
      were stable in vivo and after storage on non-selective medium. The biotype
      profiles obtained were as reliable as partial O serotyping for the routine
      subtyping of strains of E. coli isolated from the urine of patients with long
      term urinary-tract infections and those from other sources in different patients.
      Biotyping and O serotyping used in conjuction offered a very fine degree of
      strain discrimination.

PMID- 390156
TI  - Active immunisation of mice against muscle damage mediated by Candida albicans.
AB  - The effect of active immunisation on muscle damage after systemic infection with
      Candida albicans was examined in a murine model. Mice were successfully immunised
      against acute muscle damage by vaccines of viable, nonviable, or disrupted C.
      albicans. In addition, markedly enhanced survival of immunised mice was
      demonstrated over a 4-week interval. There was protection against muscle damage
      in immunised mice without a reduction in the number of organisms present in
      cardiac tissue. The data indirectly implicate the role of humoral immunity in the
      protection afforded by immunisation.

PMID- 390157
TI  - Experimental infection of calves, piglets and lambs with mixtures of invasive and
      enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Mixtures of mutant organisms of an invasive (IN) strain, a strain
      enteropathogenic (EP) for calves, lambs and piglets, and a non-pathogenic (NP)
      strain of Escherichia coli, that could be differentiated from each other by their
      antibiotic resistances, were given orally to an immunoglobulin-negative (IG-) and
      an immunoglobulin-positive (IG+) calf, lamb and piglet. By the use of appropriate
      antibiotic-containing culture media, the concentrations of organisms of each of
      the three strains in the contents of the alimentary tracts and tissues (liver,
      spleen, kidney, blood and mesenteric lymph glands) of the animals were estimated
      when they were killed. In the three IG- animals, the IN strain proliferated in
      the tissues and the EP strain proliferated in the small intestines; in general,
      the concentrations of the IN strain in the small intestines and the EP strain in
      the tissues, apart from the mesenteric lymph glands, were as low as those of the
      NP strain in these sites. The only strain that proliferated in the small
      intestine of the IG+ animals was the EP strain, which proliferated in the small
      intestine of the calf and piglet; no organisms of either strain were isolated
      from the tissues of these three animals, except from their mesenteric lymph
      glands.

PMID- 390159
TI  - Severe lactic acidosis in reticulum cell sarcoma.

PMID- 390158
TI  - Treatment of self-injurious behaviour with a GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)
      analogue.
AB  - Self-injurious behaviour (SIB) is not uncommon in the severely subnormal. Corbett
      (1975) found the incidence in several reported series to vary between 3.5 per
      cent and almost 40 per cent, and Van Velzen (1973), in a survey of ten
      institutions in the Netherlands, found it present in 584 patients out of almost
      2,000 (30.3 per cent). Treatment is notoriously difficult and many kinds have
      been tried including physical restraint, drug regimes, and electric shock
      aversion therapy. An account is given here of a drug trial using baclofen, a
      gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analogue that crosses the blood brain barrier.
      GABA, in addition to being a muscle relaxant, is also a major inhibitor in many
      areas of the brain, including the cortex and basal ganglia (Callingham, 1972)
      andit was presumed by the author that some severely subnormal defectives have
      damage in these areas and hence might be deficient in this inhibitor. The trial
      commenced with a preliminary period during which the reactions of patients to the
      drug at different dose levels were observed. This was followed by a double-blind
      cross-over trial in patients who had already shown improvement.

PMID- 390160
TI  - Three-dimensional image reconstruction of straight flagella from a mutant
      Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 390161
TI  - A small, unstable RNA molecule of Escherichia coli: spot 42 RNA. I. Nucleotide
      sequence analysis.

PMID- 390162
TI  - Identification of the Escherichia coli tonB gene product in minicells containing
      tonB hybrid plasmids.

PMID- 390163
TI  - The DNA sequence on bacteriophage G4 recognized by the Escherichia coli B
      restriction enzyme.

PMID- 390165
TI  - Immediate reconstruction of gunshot injuries to the face.
AB  - In the past, severe traumatic injuries to the face resulting from shotgun
      injuries have been managed by primary wound healing followed by little or late
      reconstruction. This would involve a long period of convalescence by the patient,
      followed by years of living with his deformity. With recent demands to minimize
      the patient's suffering and disabilities and to lessen hospitalization costs, a
      method of immediate reconstruction of such crippling facial injuries using a
      partially de-epithelialized skin flap has been devised and successfully applied
      to the patient presented here.

PMID- 390164
TI  - Evolutionary diversification of structure and function in the family of
      intracellular calcium-binding proteins.
AB  - The maximum parsimony method was used to reconstruct the genealogical history of
      the family of intracellular calcium-binding proteins represented by six major
      present-day lineages, three of which--calcium dependent modulator protein, heart
      and skeletal muscle troponin Cs, and alkali light chains of myosin--were found to
      share a closer kinship with one another than with the other lineages. Similarly,
      parvalbumins and regulatory light chains of myosin were depicted as more closely
      related, whereas the branch of intestinal calcium-binding protein proved to have
      the most distant separation. The computer-generated amino acid sequence for the
      common ancestor of these six lineages described a four domain protein in which
      each domain of approximately 40 amino acid residues had a mid-region. 12 residue
      segment that bound calcium and had properties most resembling those of the
      calcium dependent modulator protein. It could then be deduced that parvalbumins
      evolved by deletion of domain I, inactivation of calcium-binding properties in
      domain II, and acquisition of increased affinity for Ca++ and Mg++ in domains III
      and IV. Regulatory light chains of myosin lost the cation binding property from
      three domains, retaining it in I, whereas alkali light chains of myosin lost this
      ability from each of the four domains. In skeletal muscle troponin C all domains
      retained their calcium-binding activity; however, like parvalbumins, domains III
      and IV acquired high affinity properties. Cardiac troponin C lost its binding
      activity from domain I but otherwise resembled the skeletal muscle form. Finally,
      intestinal calcium-binding protein evolved by deletion of domains III and IV.
      Positive selection could be implicated in these evolutionary changes in that the
      rate of fixation of mutations substantially increased in the mid portions of
      those domains which were loosing calcium-binding activity. Likewise, when the
      cation binding sites were changing from low to high affinity, an accelerated rate
      of fixed mutations was observed. Once this new functional parameter was selected
      these regions showed a remarkable conservatism, as did those binding sites which
      were maintaining the lower affinity. Moreover even in sequence regions not
      directly involved in cation binding, the lineage of troponin C because very
      conservative over the past 300 million years, perhaps becuase of the necessity
      for maintaining specific interfaces in order for the molecule to interact with
      troponin I and T in a functional thin myofilament. A similar phenomenon was
      observed in domain II of the regulatory light chains of the myosin lineage
      suggesting a possible binding site with the heavy chain of myosin.

PMID- 390166
TI  - Host transcription in bacteriophage P22-infected  Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The kinetics of host RNA synthesis, as measured by pulse-label kinetics and RNA
      DNA hybridization, is inhibited 10-fold shortly after infection with
      bacteriophage P22. This early inhibition lasts through the first 6 min of
      infection and affects not only RNA synthesis but several other energy-requiring
      cellular functions. In lysogenic infections, the rate of bacterial transcription
      rapidly recovers to the value of uninfected controls. In lytic infections, the
      rate of host transcription increases only to about 20 to 25% of the original
      level, indicating a second mechanism for the inhibition of RNA synthesis in the
      lytic response. The early inhibition is multiplicity dependent, bhloramphenicol
      insensitive, and independent of phage gene 24. The lytic inhibition is dependent
      upon the expression of gene 24 but independent of gene 23.

PMID- 390168
TI  - Multiple-artery renal transplantation: emphasis on extracorporeal methods of
      donor arterial reconstruction.
AB  - The operative techniques to transplant kidneys with multiple renal arteries and
      our recent experience with them are reviewed. The preferred methods are
      anastomosis with a Carrel aortic patch and extracorporeal arterial repair before
      transplantation. These are simple and effective methods that avoid subjecting the
      kidney to prolonged ischemia. Revascularization of all renal arteries is
      important to obviate ischemic allograft complications.

PMID- 390167
TI  - Inhibition of initiation of bacteriophage T4 DNA replication by perturbation of
      Escherichia coli host membrane composition.
AB  - 3-Decynoyl-N-acetylcysteamine (3-decynoyl-NAC) is an analog which specifically
      causes the immediate cessation of the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in
      Escherichia coli, whereas the synthesis of saturated fatty acids is actually
      stimulated. As a result, the cell membrane accumulates saturated fatty acids in
      its phospholipid. Addition of the inhibitor at the time of infection of E. coli
      by T4 phage had no effect on normal phage replication and development, implying
      that the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids per se has little effect on T4 DNA
      replication. However, if the integrity and composition of the bacterial membrane
      was grossly perturbed by first treating the cells with the inhibitor for 60 min
      before infection, the proper initiation and the attainment of a rapid rate of T4
      DNA synthesis were not observed. Under these conditions, a full complement of T4
      early proteins was synthesized. The membrane associability of the known DNA delay
      proteins induced by wild-type T4 phage in the treated cells resembled that
      expected of a culture of untreated cells infected with a DNA delay mutant. When
      any one of three DNA delay mutants was used to infect 3-decynoyl-NAC-treated
      cells, T4 DNA replication was aborted. These findings suggest that some kind of
      specific interactions among the initiation proteins defined by the DNA delay
      mutants and the bacterial membrane may be necessary to facilitate the normal
      initiation and rapid rate of T4 DNA replication. A model for the involvement of
      the three different initiation proteins and the subsequent attainment of rapid
      DNA synthesis is discussed.

PMID- 390169
TI  - A critical review of the antibody-coated bacteria test.
AB  - Reports extolling the virtues of the antibody-coated bacteria immunofluorescent
      test continue to appear and therapeutic decisions are being made on the results
      of this test. In this review 2 unresolved issues are examined: 1) what
      constitutes a positive test and 2) how accurately does the antibody-coated
      bacteria test define the tissue source of infection. These issues should be
      resolved before all clinicians and researchers jump on the antibody-coated
      bacteria test bandwagon.

PMID- 390170
TI  - Simple cyst arising in a transplanted kidney: a case report.
AB  - A 17-year-old girl was hospitalized for evaluation of gradually decreasing
      function of a kidney transplanted 8 years earlier. A plain film of the abdomen
      showed a possible renal calculus. Excretory urography proved that this
      calcification was slightly anterior to the kidney but in the upper pole a well
      rounded mass was discovered. An echogram confirmed the diagnosis of benign renal
      cyst. Malignant cystic lesions obviously must be differentiated from those that
      are benign. Patients on immunosuppressive therapy are known to have a higher
      incidence of malignancy than the general population. A malignant tumor may
      require withdrawal of immunosuppressive therapy and removal of the transplanted
      organ, whereas a benign cyst would require no therapy unless it becomes infected
      or produces obstruction.

PMID- 390171
TI  - Blue plans and medical necessity.

PMID- 390172
TI  - Sir William Osler.

PMID- 390173
TI  - Early-onset cyclophosphamide-induced interstitial pneumonitis.
AB  - This article describes three cases of biopsy-proved interstitial pneumonitis
      secondary to cyclophosphamide therapy. The pulmonary reactions developed after
      one to three courses of combination chemotherapy in three patients with diffuse
      histiocytic lymphoma. Resolution of the pulmonary infiltrates and blood gas value
      abnormalities followed discontinuation of use of this drug without recurrence
      when chemotherapy regimens excluding cyclophosphamide were subsequently used.
      Prednisone was given to all patients after the diagnosis was made, but its role
      in the resolution of the toxic changes is uncertain. The potential for early
      onset of cyclophosphamide-induced interstitial pneumonitis has not been
      previously stressed, but should lead to vigorous investigation of pulmonary
      reactions occurring at any time after initiation of therapy with this drug.

PMID- 390174
TI  - Medallic tributes to Sir William Osler and their historical associations.
AB  - The life of William Osler, MD, spanned three nations and two continents and left
      an enduring and universal impact on medicine. Osler held professorships during
      his career in Montreal, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Oxford. His achievements
      great and small during these periods have been medallically commemorated both in
      his lifetime and posthumuously. The most famous of these portrayals is the Vernon
      plaque created in Paris at the turn of the century, of which many replicas and
      variants have been produced. The historical associations of these medallic
      tributes are relevant to better understanding of certain aspects of Osler's life
      and elucidating those unusual qualities of mind and character that made him
      unique.

PMID- 390175
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXXIV].

PMID- 390176
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CLVIII.

PMID- 390177
TI  - [Clinical results of cefuroxime (CXM) therapy in pediatric infections (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Cefuroxime, a new cephalosporin C antibiotic, was administered to 15 children
      with respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, or subcutaneous
      tumour. The following results were obtained. 1) CXM 30 approximately 100
      mg/kg/day were used in treatment of respiratory tract infection. Eight of the
      eleven patients treated responded to the therapy. 2) CXM 45 approximately 75
      mg/kg/day were given to 3 patients with urinary tract infection. Excellent
      results were obtained in all these cases. 3) One patient with subcutaneous tumour
      responded to CXM therapy. 4) Clinical isolates from the foci involved, i.e.,
      Staphylococcus aureus (4 strains), Group A Streptococcus hemolyticus (1 strain),
      Streptococcus pneumoniae (1 strain), Haemophilus influenzae (1 strain), and
      Escherichia coli (3 strains) were all eliminated by CXM therapy except 2
      unassessable strains. 5) No noteworthy side effect was noted.

PMID- 390180
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 390178
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXXV].

PMID- 390179
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CLIX.

PMID- 390182
TI  - [History of bacteriology in Japan (34)].

PMID- 390181
TI  - [Recurrence of rheumatic fever and valvular diseases--etiology of rheumatic
      fever, rheumatic carditis and recurrent rheumatic fever].

PMID- 390183
TI  - [Acetylcholine receptors and myasthenia gravis].

PMID- 390184
TI  - [Effector-receptors relationship: acetylcholine and myasthenia gravis].

PMID- 390186
TI  - [Fluorescence polalization: principle and applications (author's transl)].

PMID- 390185
TI  - [Platelet membrane and coagulation].

PMID- 390187
TI  - [Immunofluorescent band test and microtubular structure in SLE (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 390188
TI  - [Immunofluorescent studies in gastric mucosa--IgA and secretory component
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 390189
TI  - [Evaluation of the content of the teaching program related to nursing records
      (3): a study on trends seen in the literature].

PMID- 390190
TI  - [Activities of public health nurses in Santama (2). Ms. Mitsue Taniho and her 30
      years as a public health nurse].

PMID- 390191
TI  - [Structure of drug resistant bacilli (author's transl)].

PMID- 390193
TI  - Purification and some properties of hemolysin produced by Corynebacterium
      pyogenes.

PMID- 390192
TI  - [Effects of prostaglandins E1 and I2 on pulmonary thromboembolism- and hypoxia
      induced responses in canine airways and the pulmonary vascular bed (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 390194
TI  - Pulmonary embolism: 1979.

PMID- 390195
TI  - Advanced triage by a RN.

PMID- 390197
TI  - Why emergency nurses chose their specialty.

PMID- 390196
TI  - The 12-lead electrocardiogram.

PMID- 390198
TI  - Recentering of displaced contact lens.

PMID- 390199
TI  - Identifying street names of drugs.

PMID- 390200
TI  - A study of nursing triage.

PMID- 390201
TI  - Environmental carcinogenesis: misconceptions and limitations to cancer control.

PMID- 390202
TI  - [Creative legacy of N. S. Molchanov in the field of cardiology].

PMID- 390203
TI  - [In memoriam Aleksei Sergeevich Rovnov].

PMID- 390204
TI  - [Difficult problems of cardiac surgery].

PMID- 390205
TI  - [Maintenance of the circulation and the restoration of heart function in the
      donor body by means of direct mechanical heart massage for subsequent
      transplantation (an experimental study)].
AB  - The possibility of maintenance of circulation and subsequent restoration of the
      function of the heart in the organism of the donor, after 10-minute arrest of
      circulation, for transplantation of the heart was investigated. Study of the
      hemodynamic, biochemical, metabolic, and structural changes in the myocardium
      after 2-hour mechanical massage without and with pharmacological protection of
      the myocardium (glucose--insulin--potassium, hydrocortisone, dipyridamole),
      without and with restoration of cardiac activity in the organism of the donor and
      the recipient after transplantation of the second heart by the method suggested
      by Moory et al. in artificially created left ventricular insufficiency showed
      that direct mechanical massage of the heart may be used for its short-term
      preservation in the donor organism.

PMID- 390206
TI  - [Kidney in chronic arterial hypertension: "resetting" and the role of the renal
      medulla in its development].
AB  - In the system of long-term maintenance of the arterial pressure level by means of
      the renal excretion mechanism described by Guyton et al., the renal medulla with
      its counterflow-concentrating multiplier and powerful source of natural
      natriuretics, the prostaglandins, plays the role of a "control device", a
      regulator setting the level of arterial pressure required for fulfilling the
      complete volume of renal excretion of salts and water. Increase in systemic
      arterial pressure causes the development of a complex of structural-functional
      changes in the kidney, the common purpose of which consists in preventing the
      loss of salts and water by the organism by shifting parameters of the excretory
      renal function in such a manner that the normal (balanced with the supply of
      salts and water to the organism) volume of excretion may occur with higher values
      (kidney "resetting"). The central role in accomplishing this "resetting" is
      played by the medullary excretory mechanism which is closely connected, due to
      the absence of autoregulated blood flow in the medulla, with systemic arterial
      pressure. When the kidney reaches the "resetting" this mechanism provides for a
      sufficiently full volume of excretion only when the arterial pressure increases,
      maintaining its fixed (higher) level by means of the feedback mechanism. In
      hypertension caused by overdosage of corticosteroid hormones or excess of salt in
      the diet the increase of pressure develops as a compensation for the occurring
      deficiency of the medullary excretory mechanism.

PMID- 390207
TI  - [Aleksandr Leonidovich Miasnikov (on the 80th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 390208
TI  - [A. L. Miasnikov and his role in the formation of cardiology in the USSR].

PMID- 390209
TI  - Reactivity of gomerular afferent and efferent arterioles in renal hypertension.
AB  - Renal tissue from neonatal hamsters was grafted into the cheek pouch of adult
      hamsters. Renal hypertension was induced in 28 hamsters, and sham operation was
      performed in 27. When blood pressure became elevated in hypertensive hamsters (10
      to 12 days), the renal microcirculation of both groups was evaluated by direct
      microscopy. Wall and luminal diameter and vascular responses to norepinephrine
      (NE) and angiotensin II (AII) were determined on glomerular afferent and efferent
      arterioles and on the corresponding cheek pouch arterioles. In the hypertensive
      hamsters, the luminal diameter of the afferent arteriole increased, as did the
      wall/lumen ratio of the efferent arteriole. Although all vessels responded to
      direct application of NE and AII in both groups, the response of the afferent to
      AII and the response of the efferent to both NE and AII was greater in the
      hypertensive hamsters as compared to the sham-operated hamsters. These results
      indicate that during the development of renal hypertension structural alterations
      of glomerular vessels and the selective vascular responses to vasoactive agents
      would lead to an increased glomerular capillary pressure.

PMID- 390210
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in the treatment of renal infection: a therapeutic
      anomaly explained.

PMID- 390212
TI  - Effects of dopamine on canine intrarenal blood flow distribution during
      hemorrhage.
AB  - Renal blood flow distribution was measured in control dogs, dogs given dopamine,
      hemorrhaged dogs, and dogs hemorrhaged plus infused with dopamine with a
      modification of 85Kr washout. Kidneys injected with 85Kr through a renal arterial
      cannula were removed at several specific intervals after injection, rapidly
      frozen, and sectioned transversely so that pieces of tissue could be isolated and
      counted for radioactivity. In the normotensive animals, dopamine appeared to
      produce a mild vasodilatory effect in the subcortical outer medulla (flow
      increased 50%). Hemorrhage reduced renal regional flow throughout the kidneys.
      Subcortical outer medullary flow, however, appeared to be proportionately better
      maintained than were the more peripheral renal regions, so that all regions had
      similar flows. Hemorrhaged animals receiving dopamine infusion had statistically
      significantly higher cortical blood flows than did the animals simply
      hemorrhaged. From this study, it is impossible to determine if the cortical
      vasodilation during hemorrhage was a direct or indirect effect on the renal
      vasculature; however, improved perfusion of the renal cortex during hypotension
      may partially explain the improved renal function reportedly produced by dopamine
      infusion in patients in shock.

PMID- 390211
TI  - Crescentic glomerulonephritis without immune deposits: clinicopathologic
      features.
AB  - Of 46 patients with acute crescentic glomerulonephritis involving 20 to 90% of
      glomeruli, 16 had no definable systemic disease and no significant glomerular
      immune deposits by immunofluorescent or electron microscopy. Anti-GBM antibody
      and circulating immune complexes were further excluded by radioimmunoassay and
      Raji cell assay in all patients tested. Clinical features included a 10:6
      male:female ratio, mean age of 58 years (range, 13-77), disease duration of less
      than 3 months, rapidly deteriorating renal function, and frequent pulmonary
      manifestations. Nine patients had oliguria, serum creatinine concentrations over
      6 mg/100 ml, and required dialysis, but three of these patients subsequently
      recovered renal function. These three patients and seven patients with creatinine
      concentrations of less than 6 mg/100 ml have not progressed to chronic renal
      failure. In this series, idiopathic acute crescentic glomerulonephritis without
      immune deposits was more common than was immune complex or anti-GBM nephritis.
      The clinical, laboratory, and pathologic characteristics of these patients were
      similar to those reported in anti-GBM and immune-complex-induced
      glomerulonephritis. These observations expand the spectrum of rapidly progressive
      crescentic glomerulonephritis. They suggest that glomerular immune deposits may
      be less important than other factors in determining the extent of renal injury
      and subsequent clinical course in crescentic glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 390214
TI  - Binding of soluble immune complexes to human glomerular complement receptors.

PMID- 390213
TI  - Nonimmunoglobulin C3 activating factor in membranoproliferative
      glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 390215
TI  - Recurrence of dense deposits in transplanted kidneys: I. Sequential survey of the
      lesions.
AB  - Serial specimens from transplanted kidneys were obtained in 11 patients with
      dense deposit disease (DDD). The recurrence of DDD was obvious in 9 patients and
      appeared very early after grafting. Three different types of evolution of the
      lesions were observed. In 4 patients no modification of the lesions occurred with
      time, and in 2 of them the dense alteration alone persisted without any other
      glomerular changes. In 3 patients a progression of the lesions was observed,
      whereas a regression occurred in 1 other patient. From these observations the
      following sequence of the morphologic changes can be proposed: the dense
      alteration appears first and constitutes the specific marker of that disease; the
      C3 deposition in the kidney occurs later following the appearance of the dense
      lesion.

PMID- 390216
TI  - Recurrence of dense deposits in transplanted kidney: II. Serum complement and
      nephritic factor profiles.
AB  - Dense deposit disease of the kidney is a rare form of chronic glomerulonephritis
      frequently associated with serum complement abnormalities (low C3 levels) and a
      circulating C3 convertase activator of the alternative pathway, the C3 nephritic
      factor (NF). Eleven patients with end-stage dense deposit disease underwent
      kidney transplantation. Of the 11, 7 had pretransplant low C3 and NF. In the
      posttransplant period, persisting low C3 levels were associated with persisting
      NF, although not quantitatively so. The original glomerular lesion recurred in
      the graft within 6 months in 9 of 11. Of these 9, 2 had no complement
      abnormalities either prior to or after transplantation. Pretransplant complement
      abnormalities were rapidly corrected in 4 of 7 patients whether or not recurrence
      of the original lesion occurred. Thus, serum complement profiles before and after
      transplantation are neither predictive nor indicative of recurrence.

PMID- 390217
TI  - Experimental glomerulonephritis induced by in situ formation of immune complexes
      in glomerular capillary wall.
AB  - An experimental model of glomerulonephritis was produced by the in situ formation
      of immune complexes directly in the glomerular capillary wall. Perfusing the
      lectin concanavalin A (Con A) into the left renal arteries of rats led to its
      binding diffusely to the glycoproteins of the glomerular capillary wall of only
      that kidney in each animal. The subsequent reaction with anti-Con A antibody
      (either administered systemically or actively induced) resulted in an exudative
      and proliferative glomerulonephritis confined to the Con A perfused kidney.
      Immunofluorescence disclosed the diffuse deposition of immunoglobulin, Con A, and
      C3 in the perfused, but not the unperfused kidney. The quantitative relationship
      between antigen and antibody binding and histologic outcome was determined. Since
      lectins have been found in mammalian tissues, as well as in infectious agents
      that are pathogenic in man, a series of events conceptually similar to this in
      situ model may occur in some cases of glomerulonephritis in man.

PMID- 390218
TI  - Fractional excretion of sodium after renal transplantation.
AB  - After renal transplantation low urinary sodium concentration (UNa) has been used
      to diagnose acute rejection (AR), for the early phase of AR is often associated
      with reduced renal perfusion. Early postoperative graft failure without low UNa
      favors the diagnosis of ischemic tubular damage (ATN). As fractional excretion of
      filtered sodium (FENa) better reflects glomerulotubular balance in renal sodium
      handling, FENa was analyzed during the first 2 weeks in 118 renal allografts.
      From data on 41 transplants with good early renal function (GEF), a temporal
      profile of FENa was obtained and used to evaluate the behavior of FENa by means
      of standardized FENa (Z score). Individual subjects followed their own profile
      with a small deviation (delta Z less than 1.4 for 2 days). In 31 instances, acute
      rejection was diagnosed. In 14 with AR, the Z score deviated little; 2 responded
      to methylprednisolone given intravenously. In 17 with AR, the Z score fell
      significantly (delta Z greater than 1.5 for 2 days), an average of 2.6 days
      before the first rise in serum creatinine concentration; 15 responded to
      treatment. The difference between these two groups was significant (P less than
      0.001). This functional heterogeneity and different responses to treatment may
      indicate different immunologic mechanisms which damage different target cells in
      the graft in AR. In 46 patients with acute tubular necrosis after cadaver kidney
      transplantation FENa was significantly higher than it was in the GEF group as
      early as the first posttransplantation day and approached normal as the renal
      function recovered. This behavior of FENa was clearly different from that in AR.

PMID- 390219
TI  - Inulin: an inadequate marker of glomerular filtration rate in kidney donors and
      transplant recipients?

PMID- 390220
TI  - [Respiration control methods for continuing control and longtime registration in
      the intensive care of newborn infants].

PMID- 390221
TI  - [Antibacterial chemotherapy in pediatrics. I. Basis of therapy using
      antibacterial chemotherapeutics].

PMID- 390222
TI  - [Antibacterial chemotherapy in pediatrics. II. Antibacterial therapy of some
      diseases].

PMID- 390224
TI  - [Use of single-staple suturing apparatus in surgery on the bile ducts].

PMID- 390223
TI  - [Choice of the surgical treatment method in chronic pancreatitis].

PMID- 390225
TI  - [Development of surgery in cancer of the pancreatoduodenal area].

PMID- 390226
TI  - [History of congresses of surgeons in the Ukrainian SSR].

PMID- 390227
TI  - [Names of surgeons in the memory of the Soviet people].

PMID- 390228
TI  - [Proximal selective vagotomy in combination with simple suturing as a method for
      the definitive treatment of a perforated duodenal ulcer (a preliminary report)].

PMID- 390229
TI  - [100 years since the publication of N. I. Pirogov's work on the medical
      experience gained in the war for the liberation of Bulgaria during 1877-1878].

PMID- 390230
TI  - [Primary resection of the sigmoid with a preperitoneal located end-to-end
      anastomosis in acute obstruction of the sigmoid colon].

PMID- 390231
TI  - [Reticulosarcoma of the stomach (based on our own material)].

PMID- 390232
TI  - [Late results of the use of N. I. Kukudzhanov's method in the surgical treatment
      of inguinal hernias].

PMID- 390233
TI  - [Reconstructive operations on lower eyelids (author's transl)].

PMID- 390234
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Marian Malanek].

PMID- 390235
TI  - [A panorama of medical history of acute iron poisoning (author's transl)].
AB  - The paper describes briefly the fatal course taken by some of the 720 acute cases
      of poisoning with iron compounds as documented in literature between 1826 and the
      present time. The various concomitant conditions and the genesis, as well as the
      fatal disease pattern, are communicated. The various pathogenetic factors and
      nosological variants of acute iron poisoning, as well as the epidemiology of
      juvenile iron poisoning, are discussed. Finally, the paper points to numerous
      deficiencies in the exact diagnosis of acute cases of iron poisoning.

PMID- 390236
TI  - [The role of reserve triiodothyronine (rT3) in the fetus, neonate and older
      person (author's transl)].

PMID- 390238
TI  - Immunofluorescence of deparaffinized, trypsin-treated renal tissues. Preservation
      of antigens as an adjunct to diagnosis of disease.
AB  - The present study compares formalin-fixed, deparaffinized and trypsin-treated
      (DTT) renal tissue sections with frozen sections for detecting immune complex
      deposition. Both DTT and frozen sections from 52 renal biopsies were stained
      directly with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antihuman IgG, IgM, IgA,
      fibrinogen, and C3. DTT sections alone were stained indirectly for C3 using a
      double conjugate technique. Antigen presence or absence on DTT section was
      accurately detected in 90 per cent of biopsies for immunoglobulins and fibrinogen
      and in 75 per cent for C3 when compared to frozen section. Furthermore, antigen
      deposition was found in 21 per cent of biopsies only on DTT sections (usually
      because frozen tissue lacked glomeruli). Frozen sections alone were treated with
      reagents of the fixation-embedding process and directly stained for IgM and C3 to
      determine antigen stability. Alkaline or neutral formalin pH helped maximize
      antigen preservation. DTT sections are a valuable tissue source for adjunctive
      diagnosis of renal disease.

PMID- 390237
TI  - New aspects of amanita poisoning.

PMID- 390239
TI  - Hormonal requirements for basement membrane collagen deposition by cultured rat
      mammary epithelium.
AB  - Alveoli and ducts isolated from virgin rat mammary glands synthesize basement
      membrane collagen (typeIV) in primary culture. Using purified antibodies to type
      IV collagen, prominent intracellular and extracellular fluorescence is observed
      in the epithelium. No fluorescence is observed with antibodies to collagen type I
      and III. From quantitation of the incorporation of [14c]proline-labeled proteins,
      1.5 to 2.5 per cent of the newly synthesized proteins are collagen. Type IV
      collagen from these cultures was biochemically identified on the basis of (1) the
      high ratio of labeled 3-hydroxyproline to 4-hydroxyproline (1:10), (2) the gel
      electrophoretic pattern of the collagenase-sensitive proteins precipitated with
      1.7 M NaCl, (3)the failure of the collagen to bind to diethylaminoethyl
      cellulose, and(4)the immunologic cross-reactivity with mouse tumor type IV is
      identical with that of type IV collagen from other sources. When the supportive
      hormones, insulin, prolactin, hydrocortisone, progesterone, and estradiol are
      removed from the cultures, there is a 90 per cent reduction in the amount of 
      [3H]proline recovered in collagen synthesis coincides with only a 30 percentdrop
      in the growht rate and a 20 per cent drop in total protein synthesis of the sells
      over the 24-hour period without hormones. Pulse-chase experimout hormones. Pulse
      chase experiments revealed an enhanced turnover of collagen following hormone
      withdrawal. This system may be an in vitro model of collagen turnover in mammary
      gland in involution.

PMID- 390240
TI  - Behaviour of macrophages to Mycobacterium leprae. A tissue culture study.
AB  - Macrophage culture was performed on 45 healthy adults who were initially
      categorised on the basis of their Lepromin reactivity using Dharmendra antigen.
      There were 25 individuals in the Lepromin positive group and 20 in the Lepromin
      negative group. The cultures were challenged with M. leprae and the macrophages
      studied at varying time intervals of culture. No difference was evident in the
      behaviour of cultured macrophages to M. leprae in both the groups. The Lepra
      bacilli were phagocytosed by the macrophages and retained essentially intact till
      the termination of culture. The Lepromin reactivity of a healthy individual was
      not reflected on the macrophage function in vitro. The observations suggested
      against the possibility of an intrinsic genetically determined macrophage defect
      in dealing with M. leprae.

PMID- 390241
TI  - A study of scrotal biopsy in subsided cases of lepromatous leprosy.
AB  - Scrotal biopsies were obtained from 38 cases of lepromatous leprosy who were
      clinically subsided and had negative skin smears. Twenty six (68.4%) of these
      cases revealed bacilli in the dartos muscle. None except one showed a specific
      lesion in the dartos. Bacilli obtained from 2 out of 7 cases multiplied in the
      mouse foot-pad. Bacilli were found to be persisting in the dartos muscle despite
      prolonged treatment before as well as after clinical subsidence of the disease.
      The persisting bacilli in this situation could be a cause of relapses.

PMID- 390242
TI  - Canine giardiasis: a review.

PMID- 390243
TI  - Anaesthesia for Caesarean section in the dog and cat: a review.

PMID- 390244
TI  - Vinyl chloride: a review.

PMID- 390245
TI  - Echolalia: issues and clinical applications.
AB  - Echolalic behaviors have been reported within the context of various pathologies
      but have remained poorly defined. Consequently, it is not easy to determine
      whether and to what extent normal repetition can be separated from pathological
      echoing. Hence, it is unclear whether the occurrence of echolalic behavior may be
      useful for differential diagnostic purposes. Also, much room is left for
      controversies about the clinical management of echolalic behavior. This article
      reviews the various conditions associated with echolalia and the role of
      repetitions in normal language behavior. Suggestions are made in terms of the
      various dimensions along which echolalic behavior should be assessed, as well as
      of the desirability of particular intervention techniques.

PMID- 390246
TI  - The speech-language pathologist's role in understanding the genetics of Van der
      Woude syndrome.
AB  - A family report of three generations of Van der Woude syndrome (cleft lip or
      palate and lip pits) is presented to show that the speech-language pathologist
      may play an important role in identifying patients with this defect.
      Understanding the genetic basis of this syndrome and documentation of family
      history through pedigree analysis can be instrumental in identifying other family
      members potentially affected with speech disorders. Because the diagnosis of Van
      der Woude syndrome was made in one member of the family in the pedigree, three
      other family members who had never received previous diagnosis or treatment of
      their speech disorders were identified. Other family members were referred for
      genetic counseling. The concepts of autosomal dominant transmission, variable
      expression, incomplete penetrance, and the pedigree technique for recording
      family history are also presented.

PMID- 390247
TI  - Immunological studies in thromboangitis obliterans (Buerger's disease).

PMID- 390248
TI  - Memoirs of a venereologist.

PMID- 390249
TI  - Enzyme immunoassay of corticosterone.

PMID- 390250
TI  - Estrogen receptor in rat pancreatic islets.

PMID- 390251
TI  - Structure of functional A salina -- E coli hybrid ribosome by electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Small 40S Artemia salina and large 50S Escherichia coli ribosomal subunits can be
      assembled into 73S hybrid monosomes active in model assays for protein synthesis.
      The reciprocal combination -- small 30S E coli and large 60S A salina -- fails to
      form hybrids. The 73S hybrid particles strongly resemble homologous 70S E coli
      and 80S A salina monosomes. The morphologic differences between the corresponding
      eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomal particles, established by electron
      microscopy, do not significantly affect the assembly and mutual orientation of
      40S A slina and 50S E coli subunits in the heterologous monosome. The fact that
      the structure of the interface, the supposed site of protein synthesis, is
      preserved in the active hybrid implies that retention or loss of biologic
      activity of hybrid ribosomes is determined by the extent of conformational
      changes in the interface.

PMID- 390252
TI  - [Nursing theory by Henderson. 4. Virginia Henderson and the history of nursing
      theory].

PMID- 390253
TI  - [Henderson's theory of nursing--5. Henderson's theory and "Theories and Practice
      of Nursing"].

PMID- 390254
TI  - [Nursing study by Henderson. 1. Significance of the 6th edition of "Principles
      and Practice of Nursing"].

PMID- 390255
TI  - [Nursing study by Henderson. 2. Henderson's nursing theory in Japan].

PMID- 390256
TI  - [Nursing study by Henderson. 3. Nursing education in Japan and Henderson].

PMID- 390257
TI  - [Angiopathies of the lower extremities in Moroccan diabetics].

PMID- 390258
TI  - Seventy-five years since the awarding of the Nobel Prize to Ivan Petrovitch
      Pavlov.

PMID- 390259
TI  - The 125 anniversary of the birth of two famous German physicians Emil von Behring
      and Paul Ehrlich.

PMID- 390260
TI  - Public health education and the control of hypertension in the United States.
AB  - In recent years, national and regional health education programs have sought to
      increase public awareness concerning the risks of asymptomatic hypertensive
      disease. Such programs have fostered community screening and encouraged long-term
      care. As a result of these intensive educational efforts, larger numbers of
      persons with hypertension are now aware of blood pressure elevations and the pool
      of treated hypertensive patients has grown in number. Recently observed declines
      in mortality due to cardiovascular disorders in the United States may relate to
      efforts committed to the control of hypertension. Although a wide range of
      alternative explanations for these major declines are possible, changes in risk
      factors and, more pertinently, effective large-scale management of hypertension
      are plausible explanations for these salutary secular trends.

PMID- 390261
TI  - The brothers von Winiwarter, Alexander (1848-1917) and Felix (1852-1931), and
      thromboangiitis obliterans.

PMID- 390262
TI  - [Dr. Nedo Zec (1899-1972)].

PMID- 390263
TI  - [Medication of spasticity with a combination of glycine and folic acid - double
      blind study].

PMID- 390265
TI  - John Caius and the Linacre tradition.

PMID- 390264
TI  - Impact of alcohol, drug abuse and mental health treatment on medical care
      utilization. A review of the research literature.
AB  - This monograph reviews and assesses twenty-five studies that examined the
      question of whether treatment for mental illness, alcohol abuse or drug abuse
      reduces subsequent medical care utilization. In general, the studies found that
      such a reduction did take place. Twelve of thirteen studies found reductions of 5
      to 85 per cent in medical care utilization subsequent to a mental health
      intervention. The median reduction was 20 per cent. The thirteenth study found
      that mental health services provided in a new neighborhood health center in a
      medically underserved neighborhood were followed by a 72 per cent increase in
      medical care encounters. The remaining twelve studies found reductions of 26 to
      69 per cent in either medical care utilization or surrogate measures of such
      utilization subsequent to treatment for alcohol abuse. The median reduction was
      40 per cent. The drug abuse literature in this area is sparse and primarily
      indirect. Although many of the studies suggested that alcohol, drug abuse or
      mental health (ADM) treatment was a cause of the subsequent reduction in medical
      care utilization, such causality was not definitively established, due to
      frequent methodological limitations, such as inadequate comparison groups, short
      time spans, small samples and lack of trend analysis. In addition, the studies
      focused primarily on outpatient psychotherapy in organized health care settings,
      particularly health maintenance organizations (HMOs), and on alcoholism treatment
      provided through employee-based programs and HMOs. Only very limited policy
      implications on such topics as health insurance and the linkage of health and ADM
      services can be drawn from the current body of literature. There is a need for
      additional research that is broader and more rigorous. To encourage such
      research, methodological recommendations for future studies are presented.

PMID- 390266
TI  - Educating the blind in the age of enlightenment. Growing points of a social
      service.

PMID- 390267
TI  - Tarantism.

PMID- 390268
TI  - Nature's contraceptive. Wet-nursing and prolonged lactation: the case of Chesham,
      Buckinghamshire, 1578--1601.

PMID- 390269
TI  - Mortality and medical care in nineteenth-century Glasgow.

PMID- 390270
TI  - Physicians and surgeons in sixteenth-century Venice.

PMID- 390271
TI  - A note on the anatomical accessus of the Middle Ages.

PMID- 390272
TI  - A satire on the influenza of 1803.

PMID- 390273
TI  - Physiological apparatus in the Wellcome Museum. 3. Early sphygmomanometers.

PMID- 390274
TI  - Rabaut-Pommier, a neglected precursor of Jenner.

PMID- 390275
TI  - Looking back. Nursing in diseases of the kidneys; by Dr. F. W. Hall. August 1908.

PMID- 390276
TI  - Looking back. Taken from "Notes on Hospitals" by Florence Nightingale, 1863.

PMID- 390277
TI  - Medicolegal investigation into the death of the Symbionese Liberation Army
      members, Los Angeles.

PMID- 390278
TI  - Liability for vaccine-related injuries: public health considerations and some
      reflections on the swine flu experience.

PMID- 390279
TI  - [Some thoughts about the regular haemodialysis and kidney transplantation
      programme in our country (author's transl)].

PMID- 390280
TI  - [Therapeutic trial of cimetidine in erosive gastritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 390281
TI  - [Effect of cytosine arabinoside on varicella in children with acute lymphatic
      leukemia (author's transl)].

PMID- 390282
TI  - Hormonal secretion in male rats chronically treated with [D-Trp6, Pro9-NEt]-LRF.

PMID- 390283
TI  - Protein carboxyl-methylation: role in exocytosis and chemotaxis.

PMID- 390285
TI  - m-Octopamine as a substrate for monoamine oxidase.

PMID- 390284
TI  - Putative endogenous ligands for the benzodiazepine receptor.

PMID- 390286
TI  - SQ 14,225 attenuates the vascular response to norepinephrine in the rat
      mesenteric arteries.

PMID- 390287
TI  - Luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF)-like immunoreactivity in rat
      pancreatic islet cells.

PMID- 390288
TI  - A review of three resin processing techniques applicable to light microscopy.

PMID- 390289
TI  - A mercuric chloride resistant lid for Tissue Tek II cassettes.

PMID- 390290
TI  - [Use of hemopoietic reserves for intensifying the radiation therapy of
      lymphogranulomatosis. A radiobiological model of the clinical situation].

PMID- 390292
TI  - [Current biological methods of arresting bleeding].

PMID- 390291
TI  - [Physical culture in V.I. Lenin's life].

PMID- 390293
TI  - [Automated instrument for determining visual acuity].
AB  - The developed APZ instrument, due to a high degree of its automation, allows
      examination of visual acuity within minimum time spent by the physician. This
      procedure can be made in conditions of individual visit and mass-screening of
      patients. Measurement's limits age from 0.1 to 2.2. The visual acuity check-up
      can be performed automatically on a present program, or remotely by a physician.
      The APZ-I will find its application among instrumentation of ophthalmological
      cabinets in polyclinics, hospitals, medical centres, in special cabinets, etc.

PMID- 390294
TI  - [The history of health education in German schools)].

PMID- 390295
TI  - [Morphology of inflammatory colonic diseases].

PMID- 390296
TI  - [Repair of a posterior urethral defect by a thigh pedicle flap. Case report].

PMID- 390297
TI  - [Effect of antimycin A on the respiration and growth of Trypanosoma cruzi].

PMID- 390298
TI  - Immunostaining of carcinoembryonic antigen in colorectal adenocarcinomas and
      polyps.

PMID- 390299
TI  - [In defense of the syndrome of eunuchoidism with spermatogenesis].

PMID- 390300
TI  - Hypoparathyroidism.
AB  - Recent advances in our understanding of the physiologic actions of PTH and
      vitamin D have clarified certain aspects of the pathogenesis, classification, and
      management of hypoparathyroidism. Central to pathogenesis and categorization is
      the recognition that hypoparathyroidism may result from PTH deficiency,
      ineffectiveness, or resistance, with a resultant inability to stimulate adenylate
      cyclase in target tissues. This aberration in adenylate cyclase activity impairs
      certain physiologic responses such as renal phosphate excretion and renal calcium
      reabsorption that are required for proper calcium homeostasis. Also critical is
      the subnormal production of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-DHCC).
      Although the precise mechanism for the deficiency of 1,25-DHCC remains unclear,
      one may hypothesize that in hormone-deficient or hormone-ineffective
      hypoparathyroidism, decreased synthesis results from the absence of the two
      recognized stimuli for 1 alpha-hydroxylase--bioactive PTH and hypophosphatemia.
      Provision of either one of these stimuli would then be expected to restore 1,25
      DHCC to normal levels, which could explain the calcemic response to PTH in these
      patients. There is some evidence that the synthesis of 1,25-DHCC may be
      "primarily" affected in PTH-resistant hypoparathyroidism, and thus may be
      unresponsive to any of the known stimuli. It remains conceivable, however, that
      during normocalcemic phases, such patients may improve their renal cyclic AMP and
      phosphaturic responses to PTH, with associated improvement in 1,25-DHCC
      synthesis. Certain acquired forms of PTH resistance such as hypomagnesemia and
      end-stage renal disease may also be associated with defective 1-hydroxylation.
      Whether occurring primarily or as a secondary process, the subnormal production
      of 1,25-DHCC may influence calcium and skeletal metabolism directly or by
      modifying response to PTH. The availability of 1,25-DHCC provides an effective
      and physiologically meaningful mode of therapy for most cases of
      hypoparathyroidism.

PMID- 390301
TI  - Two isoaccepting seryl tRNAs coded by separate mitochondrial genes in yeast.
AB  - In S. cerevisiae four isoacceptor mitochondrial tRNAs for serine have been
      separated by reversed phase chromatography. At least two of these species are
      products of different genes. In this work the deletion mapping technique has been
      used to locate two genes for tRNAser. The gene for tRNAser previously localized
      in the oli I region of the mitochondrial genome has been found to code for
      tRNAser2, and another gene coding for tRNAser1 has been detected in the region
      where most of other tRNA genes are found. Results of fine mapping experiments
      allowed to localize this gene in the proximity of the gene for tRNAarg.

PMID- 390302
TI  - Low ribonuclease activity in cellular lysates of osmotic sensitive Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae mutants.
AB  - Cellular lysates with very low total ribonuclease activities are obtained by
      lysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae VY1160 osmotic sensitive mutant cells in 1%
      sorbitol solution. These lysates could be used for isolation of intact polysomes
      and messenger RNA molecules, or for studying of specific ribonucleases.

PMID- 390303
TI  - Radiation sensitivity of messenger RNA.
AB  - Messenger RNA function is inactivated by irradiation with ultraviolet light. A
      unit length mRNA (in bases) is 2-3 times more sensitive than a unit length of DNA
      (in base pairs) with respect to the inactivation of template function. These data
      stem from four experimental systems all of which do not repair DNA: the
      translation of E. coli mRNA in rifampicin-treated cells, of T7 mRNA in infected
      E. coli, of f2 phage RNA in vivo, and of stable mRNA in chromosomeless minicells.
      The comparison of relative sensitivities to UV is relevant to the technique of UV
      mapping of transcription units which enjoys increasing popularity in pro- and
      eukaryotic genetic research.

PMID- 390304
TI  - Regulation of dihydrofolate reductase synthesis in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Two clones from the Clarke-Carbon Escherichia coli colony bank were resistant to
      inhibition by trimethoprim, a potent inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase. Both
      clones had elevated levels of dihydrofolate reductase. Furthermore, trimethoprim
      resistance and elevated enzyme levels were associated with ColE1 plasmids that
      carried DNA from the trkC ksgA pdxA region of the E. coli chromosome. Plasmid
      pLC1437a was shown by two criteria to carry the structural gene for dihydrofolate
      reductase: 1) A partial diploid containing plasmid pLC1437a produced a
      kinetically-recognizable dihydrofolate reductase that was not present in the
      parent haploid strain. 2) Plasmid pLC1437a coded for dihydrofolate reductase in
      vitro. A 1,000 base pair fragment of plasmid pLC1437a containing fol was used as
      a probe to measure fol mRNA in a mutant strain isolated by Sheldon and Brenner
      (Molec. gen. Genet. 147, 91-97, 1976). The mutation in this strain, which results
      in constitutively-high levels of dihydrofolate reductase and in the inability of
      the strain to grow at 42 degrees C, is cis dominant (Sheldon and Brenner, 1976).
      The results of kinetic hybridization and pulse-labeling experiments indicated
      that the regulatory mutant produced elevated levels of dihydrofolate reductase in
      response to an increased rate of synthesis of fol mRNA.

PMID- 390306
TI  - Inheritance of multiple drug resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: linkage to
      leu1 and analyses of 2 micron DNA in partial revertants.
AB  - The inheritance and phenotype of multiple drug resistance in independent multiple
      drug resistant mutants, two isolated in this laboratory (GR359 and 2-20), and two
      (DRI 9/T7 and DRI 9/T8) reported by Guerineau et al. (Biochem. Biophys. Res.
      Commun. 61,462), was investigated. Comparison of resistance to 12 selected drugs
      showed that the resistance phenotypes of all mutants were similar, although some
      differences in levels of resistance of each mutant was observed with certain
      drugs. Mapping of the resistance loci in GR359 and 2-20 revealed tight linkage of
      both resistance genes to the centromere linked gene leul. 2 micron DNA was
      analysed by hybridization of 2 micron RNA to EcoRI fragments of a total DNA
      extract. Eight partial revertants of 2-20, which had been chosen as having a
      phenotype similar to the 2 micron DNA deficient [cir degrees] isolate DRI 9/T7,
      revealed the presence of 2 micron DNA. The lack of detectable 2 micron DNA in DRI
      9/T7 was confirmed.

PMID- 390307
TI  - IS2-43 and IS2-44: new alleles of the insertion sequence IS2 which have promoter
      activity.
AB  - The sequence of two new IS2 alleles with promoter activity (IS2-43 and IS2-44) is
      reported. The alleles are identical and are formed by a 17 bp tandem duplication
      in an AT-rich region of IS2. This created a new RNA polymerase binding site. A
      mutation was found that increased the frequency of formation of these 17 bp
      duplications but not of another class of duplications, the "mini-insertions".
      This suggested that the mechanisms of formation of the two classes of
      duplications are different.

PMID- 390305
TI  - Construction and expression of a hybrid plasmid containing the Escherichia coli
      thrA and thrB genes.
AB  - In vitro recombination techniques were used to clone the Escherichia coli thrA
      and thrB structural genes in the plasmid vector pBR322. The chimeric plasmid was
      analyzed and characterized genetically, by restriction mapping and DNA
      sequencing. The limited expression of the threonine biosynthetic enzymes in the
      strain carrying the recombinant plasmid is discussed.

PMID- 390308
TI  - Characterization of the mutator mutation mut5-1.
AB  - The mutator mutation mut5-1 has been characterized with respect to a range of
      parameters which have been used to describe DNA repair mutants of yeast. No
      marked effect of the mutation on UV-mutability at lower doses was apparent.
      Diploids homozygous for the mutation are deficient in UV-induced recombination
      between the alleles his1-1 and hist1-315, mutation being sufficient to account
      for all the UV-induced histidine prototrophs. Complementation and mapping studies
      indicate that mut5-1 is allelic to rad51-1, supporting the conclusion of Hastings
      et al. (1976) that a mutator may increase spontaneous mutation by modifying
      repair parameters. Both mut5-1 homozygous and heterozygous diploids give rise to
      spontaneous or UV-induced segregants which appear to be the products of
      nondisjunction events. The levels of parameiotic recombination (see Sherman and
      Roman, 1963; Esposito and Esposito, 1974), sporulation and spore viability
      observed in mut5-1/mut5-1 diploids indicate that the function encoded by RAD51 is
      required at 2 times during meiosis. An essential role of the function encoded by
      RAD51 in mitotic and meiotic recombination is indicated.

PMID- 390309
TI  - Methylamine/ammonia uptake systems in saocharomyces cerevisiae: multiplicity and
      regulation.

PMID- 390310
TI  - Temperature dependent release of beta-beta' subunits of DNA dependent RNA
      polymerase from the folded chromosome of a dnaAts mutant of Escherichia coli.
AB  - DNA-dependent RNA polymerase has been found to be preferentially released at 43
      degrees C from the folded nucleoids of an E. coli dnaAts mutant when compared
      with the same nucleoids at 30 degrees C or with nucleoids of a dnaA+ strain at
      either 30 degrees or 43 degrees C. The polypeptides released are identical in
      molecular weight with those of the beta and beta' constituent polypeptides of the
      core enzyme of a known E. coli RNA polymerase. In addition, these polypeptides
      are precipitated by specific anti-RNA polymerase rabbit IgG. The implications of
      the interactions of RNA polymerase with the dnaA gene product are discussed.

PMID- 390311
TI  - Constitutive mutation of cysJIH operon in a cysB deletion strain of Salmonella
      typhimurium.
AB  - In a cysB deletion strain a new mutation, denoted cys-2332 was isolated, which
      causes the constitutive expression of the cysJIH operon. cys-2332 is closely
      linked to cysJIH and presumably is located in the initiator region of this
      operon, rendering its expression independent of the cysB gene product and the
      internal inducer O-acetyl-L-serine. The presence of sulfite reductase (encoded by
      cysI and cysJ) activity in a cysB- cys-2332 double mutant indicates that cysG,
      which is not linked to cysJIH but is required for the synthesis of the sulfite
      reductase co-factor siroheme, is not controlled by cysB.

PMID- 390312
TI  - Location and characterisation of a new replication origin in the E. coli K12
      chromosome.
AB  - A segment of DNA located in the region of the E. coli K12 chromosome previously
      identified by the Rac phenotype can function as a self-replicating plasmid.
      Evidence is presented that this plasmid, the oriJ plasmid, contains the origin of
      replication of a defective prophage postulated to be located in this chromosomal
      region by Low (1973). The plasmid can only be maintained in strains in which this
      postulated prophage has been deleted. In strains which possess the prophage
      selection for plasmid maintenance permits the isolation of clones containing new
      deletions which we postulate are the result of prophage excision.

PMID- 390313
TI  - Physical characterisation of the "Rac prophage" in E. coli K12.
AB  - We confirm the hypothesis of Low (1973) that many E. coli K12 strains contain a
      prophage (the Rac prophage) located a few minutes clockwise of the trp operon on
      the genetic map. We have used restriction endonucleases and 32P-labelled probes
      to construct a physical map of this prophage. Some E. coli K12 strains, including
      AB1157, have lost the entire prophage, apparently by a specific deletion. This is
      consistent with prophage excision by site-specific recombination. lambda reverse
      (lambda rev) phages (Zissler et al., 1971) are recombination proficient
      derivatives of phage lambda in which the phage recombination functions have been
      replaced by analogous functions (RecE) derived from the host chromosome
      (Gottesman et al., 1974; Gillen et al., 1977). Our data support the origin of
      lambda rev plages by recombination between lambda and the Rac prophage following
      excision of the Rac prophage from the E. coli chromosome. Important experimental
      data are included in the Figure legends.

PMID- 390314
TI  - Evidence that the ribosomal DNA genes of yeast are not on chromosome I.
AB  - Several workers have reported that most of the ribosomal DNA genes (rDNA) of the
      yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are located on chromosome I. More recently, data
      indicating that the yeast rDNA genes are located on chromosome XII has been
      presented. In this report, we present additional evidence indicating that most of
      the yeast rDNA genes are not on chromosome I. Starting from a diploid yeast
      strain, we isolated ten strains which were monosomic (2n-1) for chromosome I. We
      found that each of these ten strains contained two copies of the rDNA-containing
      chromosome. In addition, we show that the earlier evidence indicating that the
      yeast rDNA genes were on chromosome I cannot be explained by a difference in the
      yeast strains which were used in the different experiments.

PMID- 390315
TI  - In vitro DNA synthesis in a concentrated yeast lysate.
AB  - A system is described in which DNA synthesis can be monitored in a yeast lysate.
      The observed synthesis has many of the properties of in vivo DNA replication. It
      is dependent upon replication growing points that were active in vivo. The in
      vitro synthesis proceeds via low molecular weight intermediates, but these do not
      mature into larger DNA. There is a specific requirement for rATP. Mitochondrial
      DNA is also synthesised in this system.

PMID- 390316
TI  - The structural genes of internal invertases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 390317
TI  - Plasmid pSC101 replication in integratively suppressed cells requires dnaA
      function.
AB  - Maintenance of plasmid pKC17, a derivative of plasmid pSC101, in E. coli requires
      a functional dnaA gene product. This was demonstrated by segregation experiments
      using an E. coli dnaA46 mutant, at various temperatures. Growth of this mutant at
      elevated temperature was allowed by the presence of a P2sig5 prophage. rpoB
      mutations, which suppress the temperature sensitivity of a dnaA46 mutant permit
      efficient maintenance of plasmid pKC17 at temperatures up to 40 degrees,
      conditions which normally inactivate the dnaA46 product.

PMID- 390318
TI  - The flagellar protein of Clostridium tetani.
AB  - Clostridium tetani ATCC 19406 was investigated with regard to the flagellar
      filaments produced by this anaerobic species. Flagellar filaments were removed
      from the cell bodies by hydrodynamic shear forces and purified by differential
      centrifugation. Exposure to acid was shown to result in disaggregation of the
      flagellar filaments into a preparation of flagellar protein containing 3.5%
      carbohydrate. The protein was judged homogeneous after examination by acrylamide
      gel electrophoresis in the presence of 4 M urea at several pH levels, and was
      shown to have a molecular weight of 35,000 daltons. Amino acid analyses indicated
      the absence of cysteine and tryptophan and a preponderance of acidic residues,
      epsilon-N-methyllysine was shown to be absent and the N-terminal amino acid was
      identified as alanine. Analysis of the C-terminal region indicated the sequence 
      Leu-Leu-Arg. These findings indicated that the obligate anaerobe C. tetani
      produced flagella filaments similar to previously studied filaments of aerobic
      and facultatively anaerobic bacteria.

PMID- 390319
TI  - Surface colony growth in a controlled nutrient environment. 3. Dependence of
      growth constant on nutrient concentration.
AB  - The growth rates of yeast surface colonies under constant nutrient conditions
      were studied as a function of nutrient concentration. This was complementary to
      the initial experiment to measure the rates under such conditions, and to the
      investigation of the effects of alcohol. The possibility of fitting an equation
      of the Michaelis-Menten type to the variation of growth rate with carbon source
      concentration is considered.

PMID- 390320
TI  - Phenols: a review of their history and development as antimicrobial agents.
AB  - Phenols were first isolated in crude form at the end of the eighteenth century.
      Pure phenol was isolated in 1834 and its structure proved in 1842. In 1860
      Kuchenmeister first used phenol as a wound dressing in Germany. Lister was to use
      it in his classical experiments in antiseptic surgery. Substituted phenols, and
      to some extent phenol itself, are still in use today as antiseptics,
      disinfectants and preservatives.

PMID- 390321
TI  - In vitro activity of cefamandole, cefoxitin, cefuroxime, and carbenicillin, alone
      and in combination with aminoglycosides against Serratia marcescens.
AB  - Synergistic antibiotic studies were undertaken to compare the effectiveness of
      two new beta-lactamase resistant cephalosporins, cefamandole, and carbenicillin,
      with four aminoglycosides against clinical strains of Serratia marcescens. The
      strains demonstrated various combinations of resistance and/or susceptibility to
      the antibiotics tested. Tobramycin was the most effective aminoglycoside when
      used in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics. Carbenicillin and cefamandole
      demonstrated similar activity with aminoglycosides in synergy experiments.
      Tobramycin-carbenicillin was found to be the superior pairs as indicated by the
      total number of strains inhibited. This combination was the only one effective
      against certain high drug resistant strains and the strain resistant to all four
      aminoglycosides. Carbenicillin or cefamandole with tobramycin exhibited
      comparable activity against multiple drug resistant organisms. However, mutants
      significantly more resistant to cefamandole developed during susceptibility
      testing. The findings of this study have clinical relevance for treating
      infections by this formidable pathogen.

PMID- 390322
TI  - Miss Brenda Dorothy Mee, OBE, General Secretary of the Royal College of Midwives:
      a tribute.

PMID- 390323
TI  - Episiotomy.

PMID- 390324
TI  - Service of Thanksgiving for Brenda Dorothy Mee, OBE.

PMID- 390325
TI  - Alfred Francois Donne.

PMID- 390326
TI  - A door of hope.

PMID- 390327
TI  - [Protein study of Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis deoxyribonucleoprotein].

PMID- 390328
TI  - [Preservation of phytopathogenic bacteria in test tubes under rubber stoppers].

PMID- 390329
TI  - Interferon and cell-mediated immunity.
AB  - The thesis is introduced that the phenomena of cell-mediated immunity proceed
      with the necessary involvement of interferon. In view of this thesis various
      examples of cell-mediated cytotoxicity both antibody-dependent, and antibody
      independent are analyzed. The role of interferon in transplantation, allergic
      diseases and the treatment of cancer is also discussed. Based on this analysis it
      is concluded that interferon provides for the cytotoxicity of immune and non
      immune leukocytes. It is suggested that interferon is responsible for the
      cytotoxic effect in itself, since it facilitates lethal hybridization.
      Recognition of the important role of interferon in the mechanism of cell-mediated
      immunity leads to some practical conclusions: a) The selective inhibition of the
      activity of type II interferon may be a sufficient measure in cases where now
      total immunosuppression is applied. b) Periodic treatment of healthy population
      by lymphokine stimulants may be a method of prevention of cancer. c)
      Transplantation, allergic diseases, immunotherapy of cancer should be considered
      in terms of the role of interferon in these processes.

PMID- 390330
TI  - Sudden-death ischemic heart disease and dietary magnesium intake: is the target
      site coronary vascular smooth muscle?
AB  - The etiology of sudden-death ischemic heart disease (SDIHD) remains an enigma.
      Data will be presented which suggest that SDIHD may be due to hypomagnesemia in
      and around the coronary arterial and arteriolar vessels. We have found that blood
      vessels (especially arteries and arterioles) deficient with respect to Mg can
      undergo constriction and spasm; the greater the reduction in Mg2+, the greater
      the magnitude of the spontaneous contractile responses. The higher the Ca2+:Mg2+
      ratio, the greater are the magnitudes of these contractile responses. A severe
      deficit in surface membrane Mg2+, in particular, results in intense vasospasm.
      Using direct in situ high resolution microscopy (3000 x), we have found that a
      lowering of Mg2+ around perfused arterioles (15--20 microns i.d.) will also
      result in spontaneous vasoconstriction and, in addition, increased arteriolar
      resistance, tissue ischemia and reduced venous outflow. We have also found that
      the constrictor actions of certain circulating vasoconstrictor hormones (i.e.,
      angiotensin, serotonin, acetylcholine) are enhanced when [Mg2+] is lowered below
      the levels normally found in plasma. Other direct studies, from our laboratory,
      indicate that [Mg2+]o regulates calcium exchange and content of vascular smooth
      muscle. In summary, the concept to be presented suggests that a deficiency in
      dietary Mg2+ is a key factor in the high incidence of mortality noted in SDIHD in
      nations of the Western world. The hypomagnesemia produces progressive
      vasoconstriction, vasospasm and ischemia, which, given time, will lead to SDIHD.

PMID- 390331
TI  - The regulation of prostaglandin E1 formation: a candidate for one of the
      fundamental mechanisms involved in the actions of vitamin C.
AB  - Vitamin C stimulates the formation of PGE1 in human platelets. The effect occurs
      over the physiologically relevant range of concentrations. PGE1 is required for T
      lymphocyte function and plays a major part in the regulation of immune responses.
      PGE1 is also important in the regulation of collagen and ground substance
      metabolism, in cholesterol metabolism and in regulation of responsiveness to
      insulin. It is proposed that defective formation of PGE1 could account for many
      of the features of scurvy and for many of the reported therapeutic effects of
      vitamin C. If correct, vitamin C will be of value only in conjunction with an
      adequate supply of dihomogammalinolenic acid, the precursor of PGE1. Essential
      fatty acids, pyridoxine and zinc are all required to achieve this.

PMID- 390332
TI  - Water relations of fetal development.
AB  - Normal pregnancy is accompanied by a remarkable increase in total body water, due
      partly to the growth and development of the conceptus and partly to water
      retention by the mother. An evaluation of the changes in body water during
      pregnancy suggests that they could very largely be brought about by the
      hydrostatic element of osmotic water regulation and are mainly under fetal,
      rather than maternal control. The results also suggest that pathological
      disorders of water in pregnancy are essentially secondary, and not primary
      manifestations of disease.

PMID- 390333
TI  - Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation across the ABO barrier.
AB  - Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in severe aplastic anaemia has been shown
      to be a worth-while procedure. A case in which a group O patient received a
      successful marrow transplant from a group B donor is reported. Major ABO
      incompatibility is not a contraindication to bone marrow transplantation.

PMID- 390334
TI  - Ear-acupuncture relaxation therapy in alcoholics. Report on a follow-up survey.
AB  - Ninety-five out of 190 alcoholics treated in 1977 by ear-acupuncture relaxation
      therapy were selected for a follow-up survey. Sixty-two replied to our letters
      and were interviewed (by C.F.). Sixteen (25.8%) said that they had maintained
      total sobriety for over 12 months, while 54 (87%) said that their life-style,
      drinking pattern and physical and mental health had improved. thus, a significant
      percentage had been helped to improved health and to a changed way of life.

PMID- 390335
TI  - The investigation of immunological infertility.
AB  - Immune reactions to spermatozoa may interfere with fertility in both males and
      females. These mechanisms may operate in a small, but significant, proportion of
      infertile couples, particularly when the duration of infertility is greater than
      three years. Antibodies to sperm may appear both in the blood and in genital
      tract secretions and their presence should be sought in both sites. The most
      suitable screening test for circulating anti-sperm antibodies in either partner
      is a method based on the complement-dependent antibody immobilization of sperm.
      This test may also be applied to cervical mucus as a routine in females. In males
      the detection of sperm immobilizing antibodies in blood serves as a reasonable
      guide to the existence of antibodies in seminal plasma where their presence may
      be confirmed using a gelatin agglutination test. Further information about the
      presence of locally secreted antibodies either in cervical mucus or in semen may
      be gained by using the sperm-cervical mucus contact (SCMC) test in which cross
      testing with donor mucus or sperm will identify the site of local antibody
      production. Results based on immunofluorescence and sperm microagglutination
      methods are unreliable and lacking in correlation with continuing infertility and
      the routine use of these tests is not recommended.

PMID- 390336
TI  - Comparison of enteric-coated levodopa with levodopa-carbidopa combination. A
      double-blind crossover trial.
AB  - Twenty-seven patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease completed a double
      blind crossover trial which compared enteric-coated levodopa (Prodopa) with
      levodopa-carbidopa combination (Sinemet). It was easy to stabilize the patients'
      condition with either drug, and the dose-sparing effect both of the enteric
      coated preparation, and of the levodopa-carbidopa combination was again noted. At
      the dosages used, the levodopa-carbidopa combination was objectively shown to be
      more effective in 71% of the patients investigated, although there was no clear
      personal preference for either preparation when patients compared the two parts
      of the trial. Both drugs play a valuable role in the treatment of Parkinson's
      disease.

PMID- 390337
TI  - Urinary MHPG: improved tricyclic antidepressant drug selection in clinical
      practice.

PMID- 390338
TI  - Campylobacter enteritis.

PMID- 390339
TI  - Comparison of effectiveness of timolol administered once a day and twice a day in
      the control of blood pressure in essential hypertension.
AB  - The effects of a single dose and of two equally divided doses of timolol were
      compared in a double-blind trial in 15 patients with essential hypertension. The
      amount of timolol per day remained constant for each patient, but individual
      patients received different amounts (from 10 mg to 30 mg/day). Timolol combined
      with a diuretic produced similar lowering of blood pressure in patients who
      required 10 mg, 20 mg or 30 mg of timolol per day when given either as one dose
      or in two equal doses. Plasma concentrations of timolol were high enough to be a
      major contributing factor to the long duration of the hypotensive response.

PMID- 390340
TI  - Imported parasitic infections in Tasmania.
AB  - A number of protozoan, trematode, and nematode infections have been imported into
      Tasmania over an 18-month period. Some of the cases are briefly discussed as they
      provide features of clinical interest. The increasing problem of imported
      infections in Australia is emphasized.

PMID- 390342
TI  - Obituary. Charles Marks.

PMID- 390343
TI  - Obituary. Paul Laurence Dorney.

PMID- 390341
TI  - Of course it couldn't happen here.

PMID- 390344
TI  - Twice daily methyldopa: home blood pressure recordings.

PMID- 390345
TI  - Sisomicin in the treatment of urinary tract infections.

PMID- 390346
TI  - Suppurative pyephlebitis and multiple hepatic abscesses with silent colonic
      diverticulitis.
AB  - This report records the first known case in the literature of suppurative
      pylephlebitis associated with multiple intrahepatic and extrahepatic abscesses
      and gross hypoalbuminaemia, as a consequence of colonic diverticulitis.

PMID- 390347
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of standard and sustained-release (Priadel) lithium carbonate
      preparations.

PMID- 390348
TI  - [Subspecies and strains of representatives of the genus Echinococcus rudolphi,
      1801].

PMID- 390349
TI  - [Effectiveness and tolerance of tabletted fenasal in intestinal cestodiases].

PMID- 390350
TI  - [Action of insect developmental inhibitors, dimilin, altoside and altozar, on the
      housefly, Musca domestica L. I. The action of developmental inhibitors on
      housefly eggs].

PMID- 390351
TI  - [In memoriam Liubova Il'inichna Prokopenko].

PMID- 390352
TI  - [In memoriam Inna Mikhailovna Grokhovskaia].

PMID- 390355
TI  - Tetanus toxin.

PMID- 390353
TI  - Biosynthesis of cell walls of fungi.

PMID- 390354
TI  - Shutoff of host macromolecular synthesis after T-even bacteriophage infection.

PMID- 390359
TI  - Infant at risk for early onset group B streptococcal infection.

PMID- 390358
TI  - Septicemia and pleural effusion from Eikenella corrodens, a normal mouth
      inhabitant.

PMID- 390360
TI  - Bovine diaphragmatic hernioplasty using autologous skin grafts.
AB  - A 2nd recurrence of diaphragmatic hernia in a buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), which
      twice previously had been subjected to herniorrhaphy, was successfully treated by
      hernioplasty, using a fresh autologous skin graft to compensate for the lost
      tissue.

PMID- 390361
TI  - Molecular requirements for recognition at glucoreceptor for insulin release.

PMID- 390357
TI  - Methanogens: reevaluation of a unique biological group.

PMID- 390362
TI  - The epoxide hydratase inducer trans-stilbene oxide shifts the metabolic
      epoxidation of benzo(a)pyrene from the bay- to the K-region and reduces its
      mutagenicity.

PMID- 390356
TI  - Temperature and host defense.

PMID- 390363
TI  - Human plasma angiotensinogen: a review of purification procedures.
AB  - The current status of the purification and characterization of human
      angiotensinogen is reviewed. One problem encountered in the past has been the
      copurification of a protein with similar porperties. This protein has tentatively
      been designated alanine-protein. An efficient separation of angiotensinogen and
      alanine-protein was obtained on a zinc chelate column. Alanine-protein has been
      purified and its amino acid and carbohydrate composition determined. The COOH
      terminal amino acid and the NH2-terminal amino acid were determined to be serine
      and alanine, respectively. Alanine-protein exhibited multiple forms on
      isoelectric focusing.

PMID- 390364
TI  - Energetic irrelevance of aerobiosis for S. cerevisiae growing on sugars.

PMID- 390365
TI  - Female sex steroids: receptors and function.

PMID- 390366
TI  - [Multiple lesions in burns. I. Significance of textile burns in burns of
      children].

PMID- 390367
TI  - [Significance of burn-induced inhalation intoxications].

PMID- 390368
TI  - [Complete heart block and pacemaker therapy in children (author's transl)].
AB  - The etiology of congenital and acquired complete heart block is discussed. The
      prognosis is much better in mostly congenital suprabifurcational blocks, than in
      the infrabifurcational blocks, which are acquired in most instances.
      Suprabifurcational blocks are characterized by normal QRS complexes, higher heart
      rates, and adequate frequency adaptation to exercise. Widened and deformed QRS
      complexes and fixed heart rates as low as 40--50 beats per minute are typical in
      infrabifurcational blocks. Whereas children with congenital heart blocks only
      eventually need pacemakers, the immediate implantation of a pacemaker is
      mandatory in children with acquired heart blocks after a decrease of the heart
      rate below 30--40 beats per minute and/or after an Adams-Stokes attack. With
      demand pacemakers being available, fixed rate systems are obsolete for children.
      Lithium batteries should be preferred for their smallness and their larger life
      span. A considerable body of surgical and technical problems due to infection,
      wire damage, and other complications still awaits solution.

PMID- 390369
TI  - [Middle ear problems associated with cleft palate (author's transl)].
AB  - The relation between cleft palate and middle ear disturbances is well known.
      Often the ENT specialist will see the patient only after the middle ear has been
      damaged so that it cannot be corrected any more satisfactorily. Therefore early
      otological diagnosis (including audiometry, impedance measurement, ERA,
      microscopic examination of the ear drum and essential myringotomy) and early
      treatment should be performed in the general plan of treatment in cleft patients.

PMID- 390370
TI  - [Group B streptococci: the most common cause of neonatal septicemia (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Between 1965--78 118 newborns with septicemia have been treated in the Children's
      Hospital of the Free University Berlin. Microorganisms identified were
      streptococci in 32 cases, 27 of which were group B streptococci (increasing
      number since 1973). In 1978 group B streptococci were responsible for 44% of all
      the septicemia cases as well as for 12% of all newborn deaths. The incidence of
      group B streptococcal septicemia in newborn babies is 1/1000 live births for the
      Berlin region. 2 patients presented the late-onset type of group B streptococcal
      neonatal sepsis; both survived having neurological sequelae. 25 newborns belonged
      to the early-onset group, the mortality rate in this group is 56%. The clinical
      features, bacteriological findings and risk factors are summarized in table form.
      There could be an influence related to the maternal blood type. Histological
      examinations in 5 placentae revealed signs of amniotic infection.

PMID- 390372
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Dr. Johannes Wenner].

PMID- 390371
TI  - [A specific IgM test for the diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus infections (author's
      transl)].
AB  - IgM antibodies specific for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were measured in 302
      patients with high IgG antibody titers to study whether EBV was the cause of
      disease in children having one or more symptoms of classical infectious
      mononucleosis. IgM antibodies specific for EBV were found in all patients with
      the defined clinical picture of infectious mononucleosis. In addition the
      majority of cases with clinical suspicion of the disease had also specific IgM
      titers. Besides infectious mononucleosis EBV can also be the cause of other
      diseases like hepatitis, and lymphadenitis: we found IgM antibodies specific for
      EBV in 48% of patients with nonbacterial lymphadenitis and in 64% of patients
      with hepatitis not due to hepatitis A or B virus. In contrast to observations by
      others we were able to show heterophile antibodies in cases with incomplete
      features of infectious mononucleosis. IgM antibodies to EBV were found in 4 out
      of 85 controls only. We conclude that untypical features of infectious
      mononucleosis can be caused by EBV also. Therefore the determination of specific
      IgM antibodies to EBV can be helpful in the diagnosis of uncharacteristic EBV
      infections.

PMID- 390373
TI  - [Advantages of breast feeding of the infant].

PMID- 390374
TI  - [On baby formular (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. During the first months of life adapted or partially adapted formula may very
      well be used to feed the newborn and the young infant if breastmilk is not
      available. By feeding adapted milk ad libitum, overweight is avoided. This is
      partially due to the carbohydrate, which exclusively consists of lactose. 2. Many
      infants are fed "Beikost", or solid food, much too early. The best possible age
      is during the fourth month of life. The first solid food to be introduced into
      the diet of an infant should consist of meat and added vegetable. 3. Too much
      intake of salt and or sucrose should be avoided. 4. Between the fourth to sixth
      month of life one bottle per day of adapted formula should be exchanged for a
      "follow-up" formula instead. As follow-up formulas we prefer those without or
      only with a small content of sucrose.

PMID- 390375
TI  - [Nutrition of the newborn infant (author's transl)].
AB  - Feeding problems concerning the newborn infant are of interest as long as
      pediatrics exist. Controversial opinions were expressed on the beginning, the
      quantity and the quality of feeding. Pediatricians are in agreement that
      nutrition has to warrant normal psychosomatic development of the infant.
      Disturbances of perinatal adaptation should be avoided as far as possible. Food
      has to contain protein, lactose and fat in a relation which both quantitatively
      and qualitatively is similar to human breast milk. In the first days of life and
      in the case of insufficient production of breast milk a formula adapted to breast
      milk or a 10% solution of glucose should be fed additionally to breast milk.
      Increased energy demands eventually require the feeding of higher concentrated
      solutions of oligosaccharides. At the present time it is impossible to comment on
      the value of the different kinds of feeding of the newborn infant in terms of
      psychosomatic parameters. Only prospective studies of a duration of more than two
      decades could given enough information to elucidate the discussed problems.

PMID- 390376
TI  - [In memoriam Hans-Dieter Pache].

PMID- 390377
TI  - Physiological and genetic effects of puromycin aminonucleoside on ultraviolet
      irradiated Escherichia coli strains.
AB  - Puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) increased significantly the mutation rate of
      Escherichia coli B/r strains when used in conjunction with certain ultraviolet
      dosages. PAN (2.5 mM) when added to the post-irradiation medium of hcr+ cells
      slowed down RNA synthesis to 65%, protein to 76% and DNA to 48% of the control
      rate. Purine ribosides such as adenosine decreased the inhibitory action of PAN
      on DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. Quantitatively quite different results were
      obtained with the hcr- strains. PAN did not increase killing of UV, but decreased
      the frequency of UV-induced mutations. Antimutagenic purine ribosides decreased
      the synergistic mutagenic activity of PAN. Increases in DNA synthesis in the
      presence of antimutagens correspond to reductions in the rate of mutation to
      streptomycin resistance. The excision of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers was
      investigated in the presence and absence of PAN. The pattern of repair-inhibition
      reversion of pre-mutagenic lesions by adenosine suggests that PAN behaves as a
      feedback inhibitor of purine biosynthesis in UV-irradiated cells. It is probable
      that this inhibition results in an impairment of repair which produces the
      increase in mutant numbers.

PMID- 390378
TI  - UV protection and mutagenesis in uvrD, uvrE and recL strains of Escherichia coli
      carrying the pKM101 plasmid.
AB  - The effect of the pKM101 plasmid on UV mutagenesis and survival was examined in
      DNA-repair-deficient strains of E. coli carrying the uvrD, uvrE and recL
      mutations. Although enhancement of UV mutagenesis by pKM101 was found in all 3
      strains, UV protection was only observed in the uvrD strain. We conclude that the
      plasmid not only requires lexA+ recA+ functions of the cell, but also those of
      uvrE+ recL+ for its UV-protective effect.

PMID- 390379
TI  - The intrasanguineous host-mediated assay procedure distribution and retention of
      yeast in the mouse.
AB  - A study of the factors that could affect a method to detect mutations in cells
      recovered from different organs after intravenous injection in mice, was
      performed by using the D4 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The recovery of the
      yeast cells 5 min to 3 days after injection in the host animal was investigated.
      The circulation, distribution and localization of the cells were determined, and
      histopathologic analysis was performed in order to detect possible interactions
      between the mice and the microorganisms. We found that the yeast cells were
      trapped primarily in the capillaries of the organs; 3 days after injection no
      cells were found outside of the tissue-blood vessels. The spontaneous gene
      conversion frequency of the yeast cells recovered at different times after
      injection was increased, but this increase was not time-dependent.

PMID- 390380
TI  - Significance of specific-locus germ-cell mutations in mice.
AB  - On the basis of a historical-control incidence of 39 mutants in 688 921 progeny
      (5.7 mutants/10(5) animals or 0.82 mutations/locus/10(5) gametes) proposals are
      made for the numbers of test progeny required when screening for possible
      mutagens using the specific-locus test in mice (7 loci). It is recommended that
      25,000 control progeny should be included in each test, to establish homogeneity
      with the historical controls. This would also be the number of progeny required
      from treated males, unless significantly positive results had been obtained with
      smaller numbers. It would appear that the greater sensitivity of post
      spermatogonial stages could more than compensate for practical difficulties in
      sampling these stages, rather than spermatogonia, in screening tests.

PMID- 390381
TI  - Micrococcus luteus UV-endonuclease-sensitive sites and sister-chromatid exchanges
      in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

PMID- 390382
TI  - Genetic effects of acridine compounds.
AB  - Acridines and a very large number of acridine derivatives are used in enormous
      quantities both in medicine and industry. The mutagenic action of these compounds
      has been demonstrated in a wide variety of organisms and is known to occur both
      in the dark as well as in the presence of light (photodynamic action). At the
      molecular level, acridines have been shown to cause frameshift mutations of both
      the addition and deletion types, a characteristic which has been of tremendous
      help in elucidating the nature of the genetic code. These and various other
      biological effects of acridines, such as inhibition of DNA repair, curing of
      plasmids and cell-growth inhibition, are examined in this review.

PMID- 390384
TI  - Mutagens in coffee and tea.
AB  - Coffee prepared in the usual way for drinking contains a substance(s) that is
      mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA100 without mammalian microsomal enzymes.
      One cup of coffee (200 ml) contains mutagen(s) inducing 1.4-4.6 X 10(5)
      revertants under standard conditions. Instant coffee too is mutagenic to TA100
      and one cup of instant coffee prepared from 1 g of coffee powder and 200 ml of
      water induced 5.6-5.8 X 10(4) revertants of TA100. Caffeine-free instant coffee
      also has similar mutagenicity. Addition of microsomal enzymes abolished the
      mutagenicity. Black tea, green tea and Japanese roasted tea were also mutagenic
      to TA100 without S9 mix and one cup of these teas prepared in the ordinary way
      produced 1.7-3.8 X 10(4) revertants of TA100. Black tea and green tea were also
      mutagenic to TA98 in the presence of S9 mix after treatment with a glycosidase
      from Aspergillus niger, hesperidinase. This type of mutagen in one cup of black
      tea induced 2.4 X 10(5) revertants of TA98.

PMID- 390383
TI  - In vivo covalent binding of organic chemicals to DNA as a quantitative indicator
      in the process of chemical carcinogenesis.
AB  - The covalent binding of chemical carcinogens to DNA of mammalian organs is
      expressed per unit dose, and a 'Covalent-Binding Index', CBI, is defined. CBI for
      various carcinogens span over 6 orders of magnitude. A similar range is observed
      for the carcinogenic potency in long-term bioassays on carcinogenicity. For the
      assessment of a risk from exposure to a carcinogen, the total DNA dmaage can be
      estimated if the actual dose is also accounted for. A detailed description is
      given for planning and performing a DNA-binding assay. A complete literature
      survey on DNA binding in vivo (83 compounds) is given with a calculation of CBI,
      where possible, 153 compounds are listed where a covalent binding to any
      biological macromolecule has been shown in vivo or in vitro. Recent, so far
      unpublished findings with aflatoxin M1, macromolecule-bound aflatoxin B1,
      diethylstilbestrol, and 1,2-epithiobutyronitrile are included. A comparison of
      CBI for rat-liver DNA with hepatocarcinogenic potency reveals a surprisingly good
      quantitative correlation. Refinements for a DNA-binding assay are proposed.
      Possibilites and limitations in the use of DNA binding in chemical carcinogenesis
      are discussed extensively.

PMID- 390385
TI  - Bacterial mutagenicity tests of phenazine methosulphate and three tetrazolium
      salts.

PMID- 390386
TI  - Mutagens in Japanese pickle identified as flavonoids.
AB  - A kind of Japanese pickel was mutagenic to TA100 and TA98 with S9 mix. Its
      activity was one sixth that of the Chinese pickle from Linhsien County (China),
      reported previously. Mutagens in this Japanese pickle were isolated; the main
      component was identified as kaempferol, and a minor component as isorhamnetin.
      Flavonoids are ubiquitous and the principles identified, kaempferol and
      isorhamnetin, do not seem to be specific to the pickle vegetable, implying that
      the mutagenic substances responsible for the high incidence of human cancer in
      China remain to be identified.

PMID- 390387
TI  - Genetic effect of 3-carbethoxypsoralen, angelicin, psoralen and 8-methoxypsoralen
      plus 365-nm irradiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: induction of reversions,
      mitotic crossing-over, gene conversion and cytoplasmic "petite" mutations.
AB  - The genetic effects of two mono-functional photosensitizing furocoumarins, 3
      carbethoxypsoralen (3-CPs) and angelicin, were compared with those of two bi
      functional furocoumarins, 8-methoxypsoralen and psoralen in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae. A drug concentration of 5 X 10(-5) M plus various doses of 365-nm
      irradiation at a dose rate of 1.2 kJ m-2 min-1 were used. Per dose of 365-nm
      irradiation, the frequency of induced nuclear events such as gene mutation and
      mitotic recombination (conversion and crossing-over) is higher for the bi
      functional than for the mono-functional compounds. The higher efficiency of the
      bi-functional furocoumarins is also evident when the frequency of mutants is
      expressed as a function of survival. However, the photo-addition of the 4
      furocoumarins studied leads to the same response for the induction of
      recombinational events per viable cell. Amongst genetically altered colonies
      induced in the diploid strains D5 and D7, the colonies corresponding to the
      induction of crossing-over are effectively produced by bi-functional
      furocoumarins, but are rare (D7) or even absent (D5) after treatment with
      monofunctional furocoumarins. This suggests a certain specificity of genetic
      alterations produced by the bi-functional agents. 3-CPs is the most effective
      inducer on the cytoplasmic "petite" mutation in stationary phase cells per unit
      irradiation dose or per viable cell.

PMID- 390388
TI  - Investigation into the mutagenic activity of azathioprine (Imuran) in different
      test systems.
AB  - The chromosome-damaging effect of azathioprine (Imuran) was investigated in the
      micronucleus test with mice and rats, in the pertussis-stimulated lymphocyte
      metaphase test with rabbits, and in children on azathioprine therapy. In the
      micronucleus test, there was a dose-dependent increase in the number of cells
      with micronuclei. The dose was given twice in 24 h, i.p., 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg
      body weight for mice, and 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg for rats. In the lymphocyte test,
      a dose of 5 and 20 mg azathioprine per kg body weight was given orally to rabbits
      on three successive days after pertussis injection. Compared with treatment in
      the control group these treatments induced a significantly increased number of
      cells with chromosomal abnormalities. These results were confirmed in lymphocyte
      cultures of children on long-term azathioprine therapy after kidney
      transplantation, where an increase in the number of structural chromosomal
      abnormalities was observed.

PMID- 390389
TI  - Interaction between amino-alpha-carboline and amino-gamma-carboline on
      mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 390390
TI  - An investigation into the cytogenetic damage induced by the coccidiostatic agents
      amprolium, carbadox, dimetridazole and ronidazole.

PMID- 390392
TI  - Mutagenicity of nitrosamines formed from nitrosation of spermidine.
AB  - 5 nitrosamines formed from the nitrosation of spermidine were investigated for
      mutagenicity using various strains of Salmonella typhimurium in the presence and
      absence of S9 mix. Using the plate incorporation method, 3-butenyl-(2-propenyl)-N
      nitrosamine, 3-hydroxybutyl (2-hydroxypropyl)-N-nitrosamine, 4-hyroxybutyl-(2
      hydroxypropyl)-N-nitrosamine, 4 hydroxybutyl-(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-nitrosamine, and
      in the liquid test 3-hydroxybutyl-(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-nitrosamine were mutagenic
      in the absence of S9 mix.

PMID- 390393
TI  - Mutagenic and colicine-inducing activity of two antioxidants: pyrogallol and
      purpurogallin.
AB  - The antioxidants pyrogallol and its oxidative derivative, purpurogallin, both
      induce colicine E2 as well as base substitution and frameshift mutations. Because
      of the bactericidal effect of purpurogallin, its mutagenicity could be best
      demonstrated by short-term exposure followed by dilution on the test plates. The
      colicine-inducing potential of purpurogallin was also observed when tested
      directly on the plates.

PMID- 390391
TI  - Mutational studies with diquat and paraquat in vitro.
AB  - Diquat and paraquat were assayed in the following tests. (1) Ames test in
      Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA1535, TA1537, TA1538, TA98 and TA100) with and
      without rat-liver microsomal fractions. (2) Resistance to 8-azaguanine in
      Salmonella typhimurium (strain hisG46, TA92 and TA1535. (3) Repair test in
      Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA1538 and TA1978). (4) Gene mutations in
      Aspergillus nidulans: 8-AG resistance and methionine suppression (meth A1 locus).
      (5) Lethal recessive damage in Aspergillus nidulans. (6) Unscheduled DNA
      synthesis (UDS) in human epithelial-like cells (EUE). Diquat and paraquat were
      positive in S. typhimurium (in the repair test and the 8-AG resistance system),
      in A. nidulans (for gene mutations and lethal recessive damage induction) and in
      EUE cells (UDS induction).

PMID- 390394
TI  - Mutagenicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome
      test.
AB  - The mutagenicities of 7 pyrrolizidine alkaloids to Salmonella typhimurium TA100
      were demonstrated by a modified Ames's method. The pyrrolizidine alkaloids found
      to be mutagenic were clivorine, fukinotoxin, heliotrine, lasiocarpine,
      ligularidine, LX201 and senkirkine. Pre-incubation of these alkaloids with S9 mix
      and bacteria in a liquid medium was essential for demonstration of their
      mutagenicities.

PMID- 390395
TI  - In vitro mutagenicity and cell-transformation screening of N-(2,3-epoxy-propyl)
      phthalimide.
AB  - N-(2,3-Epoxy-propyl)-phthalimide (EPP) was tested for genetic activity in the
      Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity test. Concentration-dependent mutagenicity was
      demonstrated in S. typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537 and TA100 with and without
      rat S9. It was inactive in strain TA1538, and active without rat S9 in TA98 at
      the high dose. EPP induced 6-thioguanine-resistant mutants of Chinese hamster
      ovary cells in the absence of an exogenous activating system. EPP produced dose
      dependent enhancement of SA7 virus transformation of primary hamster-embryo
      cells, and transformed secondary hamster-embryo cells in a non-dose-related
      fashion. At a dose of 5 g/kg p.o. or i.m., EPP was inactive in the host-mediated
      assay using C57Bl/6XC3H mice and S. typhimurium strain TA1535. Murine testicular
      DNA synthesis was not inhibited by oral administration of EPP at 1000 mg/kg.

PMID- 390396
TI  - Germ-cell testicular cancer in adults (second of two parts).

PMID- 390397
TI  - Citations from the recent literature.

PMID- 390398
TI  - Thrombosis and haemostasis.

PMID- 390399
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity in the liver of mice vaccinated against malaria.
AB  - Mice can be protected against several species of lethal malaria infection by
      vaccination, and their recovery correlates well with increased anti-malarial
      antibody levels, particularly IgG (ref.2). However, there is also a good
      correlation between protection by vaccines and priming for delayed-type
      hypersensitivity in the skin, although there is no obvious explanation for this
      effect. We now report an apparent relationship between protection and a cell
      mediated immune response involving the migration of various types of cell capable
      of killing malaria parasites in vitro to the liver. We suggest that the effect of
      vaccination is to bring together parasites, specific antibody and nonspecific
      cytotoxic cells, and that the liver may be a major site for their interaction.

PMID- 390400
TI  - Mutants in a mosaic gene reveal functions for introns.

PMID- 390401
TI  - Identification of the protein encoded by the transposable element Tn3 which is
      required for its transposition.
AB  - Protein products have now been identified which account for the entire coding
      capacity of the transposable element Tn3. Mutations in Tn3 have allowed us to map
      the genes encoding each of these peptides and to identify their role in
      transposition. We have found that only a single Tn3-encoded peptide is required
      for transposition. Expression of this peptide is repressed by the product of a
      second gene, which is itself autogenously regulated.

PMID- 390402
TI  - Transposition protein of Tn3: identification and characterisation of an essential
      repressor-controlled gene product.
AB  - Fusions that bring lac gene expression under the control of transcriptional and
      translational signals within the Tn3 element have been used to identify and
      characterise a Tn3-encoded 'transposase' (Tnp) peptide of MW 100,000 essential
      for transposition. The gene specifying this product is regulated by the Tn3
      repressor protein and is part of a bidirectional genetic unit that includes the
      repressor gene.

PMID- 390403
TI  - Nucleotide sequence analysis of the chloramphenicol resistance transposon Tn9.
AB  - The transposable genetic element Tn9 consists of two direct repeats of the
      insertion sequence IS1 flanking a region of 1,102 base pairs which determines
      chloramphenicol resistance. Transposition of Tn9 leads to the duplication of a 9
      base pair sequence which preexists at the site of insertion. One copy of this
      sequence is found at each end of the inserted element. The chloramphenicol
      resistance determined by Tn9, and by various other R plasmids, is due to the
      synthesis of the enzyme chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT). This enzyme
      catalyses the formation of acetylated derivatives of chloramphenicol which are
      inactive as inhibitors of protein synthesis. By using the chain termination
      technique of DNA sequencing, we have now determined the nucleotide sequence of
      the 1,102 base pair region between the directly repeated IS1 sequence in the
      bacterial transposon Tn9 (encoding chloramphenicol resistance). The amino acid
      sequence of CAT predicted from the nucleotide sequence is identical to that
      determined by Shaw and coworkers. An analysis of the sequence suggests that the
      internal 1,102 base pair region is not directly involved in transposition.

PMID- 390404
TI  - Primary structure of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase specified by R plasmids.
AB  - Naturally occurring isolates of chloramphenicol-resistant bacteria commonly
      synthesise chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.28; CAT) in amounts which
      are sufficient to account for the resistance phenotype and often harbour plasmids
      which carry the structural gene for CAT. The findings of CAT in such diverse
      prokaryotes as Proteus mirabilis, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Streptomyces sp.,
      and a soil Flavobacterium has led to speculation concerning the origin and
      evolution of the more commonly observed CAT variants specified by plasmids in
      clinically important bacteria. To provide a more solid basis for studying the
      evolution and spread of CAT within prokaryotes we chose to determine the complete
      amino acid sequence of a type I variant of CAT, the variant known to be
      associated with most F-like plasmids conferring chloramphenicol resistance. The
      sequence has been determined by combining the results obtained from manual and
      automated sequential degradation with those obtained by mass spectrometry of
      peptides generated by enzymatic digestion. The directly determined primary
      structure is identical with that predicted by the DNA sequence analysis of the
      chloramphenicol resistance transponson Tn9 known to specify a type I variant of
      chloramphenicol acetyltransferase.

PMID- 390405
TI  - E. coli ribosomal RNA contains sequences homologous to insertion sequences IS1
      and IS2.
AB  - The insertion sequence (IS) elements, IS1 and IS2, present in multiple copies in
      the Escherichia coli chromosome, are transposable genetic elements of known
      nucleotide sequence. These elements can modulate gene expression, but it is not
      known whether they normally function in genetic control. To determine whether IS
      elements could exert control through specific RNA transcripts, we hybridised
      lambda NNC1857 r14 (carrying IS1) and pBR322 (carrying a portion of IS2) to
      Northern blots of E. coli RNA. Regions of homology between the IS elements and
      ribosomal RNA were observed. Computer analysis of reported nucleotide sequences
      detected large segments of homology between the IS elements and both 23S and 16S
      rRNA. Additional homologous sequences in phi X174 and a leader region of a
      ribosomal protein gene cluster were also detected. The homologous sequence
      between IS2 and 16S rTNA is the same sequence in phi X174 DNA which codes for the
      ends of the E and D gene and the start of J. The partial IS sequences may
      represent silent evolutionary remnants or they could modulate the expression of
      genes carrying these sequences.

PMID- 390407
TI  - [Sailing under wrong colors; false-negative results of cervix cytology].

PMID- 390406
TI  - [Glucosidase inhibitors from Bacilli].

PMID- 390408
TI  - [In memoriam Dr. P.J. Waardenburg].

PMID- 390409
TI  - [Tropical malaria contracted the natural way in the Netherlands].

PMID- 390410
TI  - [In vitro cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum as a first step in the development
      of a malaria vaccine].

PMID- 390411
TI  - [Cytological examination of a uterine cervix smear].

PMID- 390412
TI  - [Aleksandr Fedorovich Makarchenko].

PMID- 390413
TI  - [The bases, cadres and neurosurgical interventions in Poland in 1978].

PMID- 390414
TI  - Late radiation damage to the central nervous system: a radiobiological
      interpretation.
AB  - The evidence in support of the two opposing views as to the pathogenesis of late
      radiation damage to the central nervous system after therapeutic doses of
      radiation are briefly reviewed. Analysis of the radiation dose levels used by
      various investigators holding opposing views as to pathogenesis of CNS lesions
      they reported, suggests that both groups of protagonists were in part correct.
      Both vascular and glial changes are important in the development of late
      radiation damage to the nervous system; the preponderance of one or the other
      type of cell damage depends upon the radiation dose. Vascular effects occur at
      lower dose levels but after a longer latent period than effects mediated through
      damage to neuroglia. Current radiobiological concepts and their possible
      importance in establishing the radiosensitivity of the central nervous system are
      discussed. The origins of both vascular and neuroglial cell mediated changes are
      discussed in terms of the reproductive loss of radiation damaged cells. This view
      is supported by some recent experimental findings. The radiobiological basis of
      some recently investigated treatment modalities aimed at improving the control of
      intracranial gliomata by radiotherapy are also considered.

PMID- 390415
TI  - Short-term effect of the lesion of the organum vasculosum of the lamina
      terminalis on hypothalamic LH-RH and serum LH, FSH and prolactin in adult female
      rats.
AB  - The short-term effect of the mechanical lesion of the organum vasculosum of the
      lamina terminalis (OVLT) was investigated in 4-day cycling female rats. The
      lesions were performed on the 2nd day of diestrus, and the animals were killed by
      decapitation 30 h after the lesion. Serum LH, FSH and prolactin and hypothalamic
      LH-RH content of 3 different parts of the hypothalamus were determined with
      radioimmunoassay. OVLT lesion caused a significant increase in the LH-RH content
      of the mid-basal hypothalamus and in serum prolactin levels and a decrease in LH
      and FSH serum levels. The results support the view that the OVLT may play a role
      in the control of pituitary gonadotrophic hormone secretion.

PMID- 390416
TI  - Occurrence of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-like immunoreactivity in
      certain cholinergic neurons of the cat: evidence from combined
      immunohistochemistry and acetylcholinesterase staining.

PMID- 390417
TI  - The neuronal origin of bombesin-like immunoreactivity in the rat gastrointestinal
      tract.

PMID- 390418
TI  - [Neuropathological changes in rat brain following ceresan intoxication].

PMID- 390419
TI  - [Opening Address of the European Academy of Anesthesiology. Nijmegen, Holland, 5
      September 1978].

PMID- 390420
TI  - [Morphogenesis of chronic hepatitis].

PMID- 390421
TI  - [Chronic hepatitis B. Relationships between hepatitis virus and immunological
      response].

PMID- 390422
TI  - [Medical treatment of peripheral occlusive arteriopathies. Possibilities,
      principles and basis].

PMID- 390424
TI  - [History of sanitary and hygienic legislation in the Piedmont from Amadeo VIII to
      the Union of Italy. Part I].

PMID- 390423
TI  - [Clinico-immunological study of 6 cases of Behcet's disease].
AB  - 6 cases of Behcet's disease are reported. Diagnosis was particularly arduous
      because the typical triad of symptoms (oral aphthae, genital ulcers, uveitis) was
      masked by secondary disturbances in other organs and systems. Immunology
      confirmed the presence in these patients of changes in various in vivo and in
      vitro tests and particularly interesting was the aspecific cutaneous
      hypersensitivity seen in 5 cases and enhanced lymphocyte blastic transformation.
      This was seen spontaneously and following PHA. On the basis of the outcome of the
      studies carried out and the literature data, the possibility that Behcet's
      disease may contain immunological changes and changes in the mechanisms that
      regulate quinine, complement and clotting activation is suggested.
      Therapeutically, confirmation was obtained of the effectiveness, at least
      temporarily, of corticosteroid treatment and antilymphocyte globulin was
      experimented for the first time in these patients. This might be used to replace
      the immune depressant antiblastic substances already successfully employed in
      patients with Behcet's disease.

PMID- 390425
TI  - Hypothalamic monoamine contents in endotoxin fever of new-born guinea pigs and
      kittens.
AB  - In new-born guinea pigs and kittens Escherichia coli endotoxin did not
      significantly modify the hypothalamic level of either norepinephrine (NE) or 5
      hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). The hypothalamic 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)
      content was significantly elevated in endotoxin-treated animals, but this
      elevation was confined to a period following the endotoxin injections by about 60
      min in guinea pigs and 75-90 min in kittens.

PMID- 390426
TI  - Simple gas-chromatographic measurement of valproic acid in psychiatric patients:
      effect on levels of other simultaneously administered anticonvulsants.
AB  - A simple, rapid and precise gas-chromatographic procedure which involves one-step
      extraction and on-column methylation for routine clinical monitoring of plasma
      valproic acid levels is described. Six other commonly, simultaneously
      administered anticonvulsants can also be determined by substituting methylene
      chloride for chloroform for extraction and changing the column temperature. Also,
      described is the effect of valproic acid on blood levels of other simultaneously
      administered anticonvulsants.

PMID- 390427
TI  - Nutrition classics: The Biochemical Journal, volume 22, 1928: "Hypervitaminosis"
      and "vitamin balance" by Leslie Julius Harris and Thomas Moore.

PMID- 390429
TI  - Where to go to get your BSN degree. 2.

PMID- 390428
TI  - "Say good-bye to Lefty".

PMID- 390430
TI  - Experimental bony defects. Comparative effect of particulate autogenous bone and
      reconstituted collagen gels on healing.

PMID- 390431
TI  - Burn-care facilities; Recommendations for New York.

PMID- 390433
TI  - Discovery of blood circulation; Some dependence factors in evolution of a
      discovery.

PMID- 390432
TI  - Early medical photography in America (1839--1883); IV. Early  wet-plate era.

PMID- 390434
TI  - Smallpox and American Indian; Depopulation in Colonial New York.

PMID- 390435
TI  - Yukio Mishima; Twentieth century samurai.

PMID- 390436
TI  - The history of intensive care.

PMID- 390437
TI  - Kidney donors need prompting.

PMID- 390438
TI  - Eighty-two years young (Virginia Henderson).

PMID- 390439
TI  - Nobel prizewinner and his inventions (Dr. Godfrey Hounsfield).

PMID- 390441
TI  - Obituary. Torquil Duncan Montgomerie McNeill.

PMID- 390440
TI  - Constipation.

PMID- 390442
TI  - Sulphinpyrazone (Anturan) after myocardial infarction.

PMID- 390443
TI  - Recent advances in reproductive endocrinology of the mare.

PMID- 390444
TI  - Obituary: John Francis Filmer.

PMID- 390445
TI  - Of Monday holidays and national health programs.

PMID- 390446
TI  - Manual of prepayment procedures. The Dental Society of the State of New York.
      December 1979. Glossary of dental prepayment terms. Council on Dental Care
      Programs.

PMID- 390447
TI  - A dental career in the Federal Government.

PMID- 390449
TI  - Monitoring the fetus.

PMID- 390448
TI  - Physiologic changes in binding and metabolism of estradiol and progesterone in
      human endometrium during the menstrual cycle.

PMID- 390450
TI  - Fetoscopy in the practice of perinatology and obstetrics.
AB  - The clinical indications for fetoscopy in perinatal medicine are encompassing an
      ever widening circle of inherited diseases and teratologically induced disorders
      that can now or potentially be diagnosed in utero. Fetoscopy, which has evolved
      over the past 20 years into a clinically accepted procedure, is not without risk
      to the pregnant mother and the fetus. When the decision is made to perform the
      procedure, its merits should outweigh its inherent risks and it should be
      performed by a perinatologist experienced in the technique. Fetoscopy is
      appropriate when the fetus is at risk for teratologically induced malformation,
      inherited blood dyscrasias, sex-linked or autosomal abnormalities with gross
      malformations, or neural tube disorders that cannot be diagnosed by
      amniocentesis. Technical improvements should result in increased refinement and
      wider applicability of the technique in the future.

PMID- 390451
TI  - Placental transmission of antibiotics.

PMID- 390452
TI  - Premature amniorrhexis.

PMID- 390453
TI  - Rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy.

PMID- 390454
TI  - Prevention of mental retardation.

PMID- 390455
TI  - Hyperbilirubinemia and the pathogenesis of kernicterus in the newborn.

PMID- 390456
TI  - Estrogen replacement in the menopause.

PMID- 390457
TI  - Obstetric and gynecologic tumor immunology.

PMID- 390458
TI  - Psychologic aspects of gynecology and obstetrics.
AB  - In the preceding pages, an attempt has been made to emphasize some of the more
      important psychologic aspects of gynecology and obstetrics. This review should be
      considered incomplete and the interested reader should refer to the many
      excellent papers and reviews on each of the topics mentioned and many more not
      mentioned. If there is any one guiding principle, it is that the obstetrician
      gynecologist, more than most specialists, must be able to listen to and to hear
      the fears and anxieties of his or her patients. The need to include the patient
      as a partner with a controlling interest in her care is paramount. The
      gynecologist-obstetrician can truly become the patient's primary physician in the
      finest sense of the word.

PMID- 390459
TI  - Genetic counseling in primary obstetric care.
AB  - Of all health professionals the obstetrician is by far the best-equipped to
      integrate genetic counseling into health care delivery. As with most aspects of
      the practice of medicine, genetic information increases daily. The practicing
      obstetrician, by learning the fundamentals of genetics, can at least delineate at
      risk situations. When a new situation arises he can either consult an up-to-date
      article or book 185--190 or refer the patient to the local genetic counseling
      clinic for further appraisal. By incorporating prospective counseling and in some
      cases retrospective counseling into his daily practice, the obstetrician can
      contribute greatly to the ideals of obstetrics, namely producing healthy children
      for his patients.

PMID- 390460
TI  - The genetics of intersexuality: clinical and theoretic perspectives.
AB  - Recent studies using newly devised serologic techniques have dramatically
      advanced our understanding of gonadal organogenesis and aberrant sexual
      differentiation. Thus XY gonadal dysgenesis, XX male syndrome, and XX true
      hermaphroditism, for example, may be seen as typifying specific errors of
      regulation, synthesis, or function of a phylogenetically conserved plasma
      membrane component heretofore recognized solely as the male-specific
      transplantation antigen of mice. This report seeks to convey the excitement of
      these recent studies, and to provide the clinician with new and useful insights
      into the fundamental mechanism of primary sex determination.

PMID- 390461
TI  - [Clinical aspects and the differential diagnosis of rare forms of ciliochoroidal
      detachments occurring after operations connected with dissection of the eyeball].

PMID- 390462
TI  - [Glaucoma and arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 390463
TI  - [Use of the Soviet suture material, polyethylene, in the microsurgery of
      cataract].

PMID- 390464
TI  - [Stephan Panteleimonovich Petrunia (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 390466
TI  - Eikenella corrodens: a pathogen in head and neck infections.
AB  - E. corrodens as a co-existent or primary causal agent in six cases of
      osteomyelitis or orofacial infections following trauma or elective dental
      extraction is presented. The importance of this facultative gram-negative
      bacillus as a head and neck pathogen is discussed.

PMID- 390465
TI  - [Cultivation of the isolated eye rudiments of birds and mammals].
AB  - The cultivated of isolated organs finds ever increasing use for studying urgent
      problems of normal development and causes of pathogenesis. The system of
      developing vertebrate eye is one of the models suitable for analysis of a wide
      range of problems. The organotypical development of isolated eye rudiments with
      typical morphogenesis and cytodifferentiation of their parts are to be considered
      as criteria of their complete development. The elaboration of methods of complete
      cultivation of the early eye rudiments in vitro is one of the urgent tasks of the
      future, whereas there are methods which allow to grow eye rudiments successfully
      in vivo.

PMID- 390467
TI  - In memoriam: Donald A. Kerr.

PMID- 390468
TI  - [Prolonged bencyclane (Halidor) therapy of symptomatic sinus bradycardia, sick
      sinus syndrome and atrioventricular block].

PMID- 390469
TI  - [Contributing data to the life of Prof. Politzer].

PMID- 390470
TI  - [Gaspar Lippay (1809-1895)].

PMID- 390471
TI  - [Tiradentes, the quartered dentist].

PMID- 390472
TI  - ["Margot of Det" (Margot Sattlecker)].

PMID- 390473
TI  - Dengue haemorrhagic fever.

PMID- 390474
TI  - [Pheromones of ixodid ticks (Ixodoidea)].

PMID- 390476
TI  - Nonrenal practical applications of immunofluorescence in diagnostic pathology.

PMID- 390475
TI  - Bone marrow manifestations of malignant lymphoma and lymphoma-like conditions.

PMID- 390478
TI  - Pathology of the gastrin cell.

PMID- 390477
TI  - The diagnosis and significance of gastritis.

PMID- 390479
TI  - Early gastric cancer.

PMID- 390480
TI  - The bone marrow in polycythemia vera.
AB  - The sequential biopsies and the careful clinical and laboratory studies in this
      large prospective study of PV patients offer a unique opportunity to properly
      evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic importance of the biopsy and to study the
      complications of this condition. The results of the study to date confirm and
      extend previous studies. Because of the long natural history of PV, the results
      of studies relating to leukemia, other myeloproliferative diseases,
      myelofibrosis, and effects of therapy are tentative at this time, even though the
      study is in its eleventh year. Hypercellularity of the marrow, together with
      hyperplasia and hypertrophy of megakaryocytes, is an almost constant finding in
      untreated PV. A very few cases (7 of 281) had relatively normal cellularities and
      normal megakaryocytic concentrations. Whether these findings were the result of
      sampling errors could not be determined, since only one site was biopsied. In any
      event, we found no unique clinical or laboratory features to distinguish these
      patients. At this time, the course of these patients appears to be the same as
      that of the other patients. Although increases in reticulin were regularly found
      during the spent phase of polycythemia, the relationship was not a precise one.
      For example, a moderate to marked increase in reticulin was found in 12 percent
      of the patients early in the course of the disease and was not predictive that
      the spent phase with myeloid metaplasia was imminent. In addition, in a given
      patient with serial biopsies taken over several years, some variability in
      reticulin was noted among the biopsies. Whether this represented variation in
      sampling or fluctuation in reticulin content could not be decided at this time.
      Using the standard criteria for examination of the marrows, we have found it
      impossible to predict which patients will develop leukemia, since the
      pretreatment and posttreatment biopsies almost up to the clinical onset cannot be
      separated from the remainder of the group.

PMID- 390481
TI  - Analysis of the value of electron microscopy study in the practice of nephrology.

PMID- 390482
TI  - Toxicity of wheat flour proteins and protein-derived peptides for in vitro
      developing intestine from rat fetus.
AB  - A peptic-tryptic-cotazym (PTC) digest of a crude wheat gliadin preparation was
      obtained under experimental conditions simulating in vivo protein digestion and
      then fractionated into 10 peaks by ion-exchange chromatography. PTC-gliadin
      digest and one of its subfractions (coded as fraction 9 according to its elution
      pattern) were very active in inhibiting in vitro development and morphogenesis of
      small intestine from 17- and 18-day-old rat fetuses, whereas they were harmless
      for the culture of jejunum from 21-day-old fetuses. PTC-digest also induced
      extensive tissue degeneration and necrosis of in vitro cultured small intestinal
      mucosa from patients with active celiac disease (gluten-induced entheropathy),
      but did not cause any detectable effect on histologically normal human small
      intestinal mucosa. Some wheat albumin and gliadin fractions were also tested on
      in vitro developing small intestine from 17-day-old rat fetus. Among all the
      tested protein fractions, only one gliadin fraction (coded as alpha 10-gliadin
      from its gel electrophoretic mobility) exhibited a toxic effect; morphologic
      alterations induced by alpha 10-gliadin were similar to those induced by PTC
      digest and fraction 9.

PMID- 390483
TI  - Presentation of the Howland Award: some observations in regard to Amos Christie,
      M. D.

PMID- 390484
TI  - Acceptance of the Howland Award.

PMID- 390485
TI  - [The 10th anniversary of Prof. Wladyslaw Bujak's death].

PMID- 390486
TI  - The working mother in contemporary perspective: a review of the literature.
AB  - The purpose of this article is to provide a perspective on the dilemmas working
      mothers face due to the contradictory messages that emanate from both popular
      child-rearing books and clinical studies. A review of the working mothers'
      sections of popular child-rearing books, and an interdisciplinary review of
      research in the area of maternal employment over the last decade was conducted in
      order to assess current knowledge in the field. Both popular child-rearing books
      and books for the working mother tend to reflect the cultural norms of
      appropriate maternal behavior, but rarely include evidence from empirical
      research. Findings from a review of literature in medicine, psychology,
      sociology, and education are discussed in relation to effects of maternal
      employment on children and families. An understanding of recent research
      regarding maternal employment will enable the pediatrician to better respond to
      the needs of the working mothers and their families.

PMID- 390487
TI  - Campylobacter fetus infections in children.
AB  - There has been a gradual accumulation of reported Campylobacter fetus human
      infections since the first description in 1947. The taxonomy of these fastidious
      and morphologically confusing organisms has been recently revised and, in the
      past few years, through the use of selective culture medium for stool isolation C
      fetus has been implicated as a frequent paghogen in children. There are three
      relatively distinct patterns of human C fetus infection. The first, most
      frequent, pattern of disease is enteritis which is usually uncomplicated and due
      to C fetus subsp jejuni. A second form of disease consists of focal infections,
      often associated with vasculitis and/or chronic bacteremia. These infections, due
      to C fetus subsp intestinalis, are seen most often in older, debilitated, or
      chronically ill men. The third pattern, perinatal infections causing abortion,
      prematurity, and neonatal meningitis, is the least frequent, but these infections
      are usually fetal to the fetus or infant and are also due to C fetus subsp
      intestinalis.

PMID- 390489
TI  - Isolated pulmonary leukemic relapse following successful bone marrow transplant
      in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Leukemic relapse and interstitial pneumonitis are common complications for
      leukemic patients following bone marrow transplantation. We present the case of a
      successful bone marrow transplantation patient who developed an interstitial
      infiltrate on chest roentgenogram 212 days post-transplant that was diagnosed by
      open lung biopsy and found to be a leukemic relapse of the lung parenchyma. No
      extrapulmonary sites were involved and the infiltrate cleared in three weeks with
      systemic chemotherapy. Pulmonary function tests continued to demonstrate
      restrictive disease. The patient remained in remission for nine months following 
      pulmonary relapse on systemic chemotherapy. This patient illustrates an unusual
      site of leukemic relapse and the importance of open lung biopsy in the diagnosis
      of the immunosuppressed patient with a pulmonary infiltrate.

PMID- 390488
TI  - Significance of quantitative salivary cultures for group A and non-group A and
      non-group A beta-hemolytic streptococci in patients with pharyngitis and in their
      family contacts.

PMID- 390490
TI  - Adolescents and motorcycle safety: the case for health advocacy.

PMID- 390491
TI  - Streptococcal antigenicity in mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome and hydropic
      gallbladders.

PMID- 390492
TI  - [The disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome].

PMID- 390494
TI  - Transplantation haemopoiesis. Morphological bone marrow studies after allogeneic
      marrow transplantation in man for severe aplastic anaemia and acute leukaemia.
AB  - Bone marrow (BM) morphology was studied in patients who underwent bone marrow
      transplantation (BMT) for severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) and acute myeloid
      leukaemia (AML). Four patients with SAA had marrow transplanted from HLA
      identical siblings after conditioning with cyclophosphamide (CY); three cases of
      AML were treated with allogeneic BMT. The medullary material was generally
      obtained by aspiration, but treated so as to preserve its architecture; fresh,
      postvital preparations were particularly useful for this purpose. In SAA, the
      bone marrow before transplantation showed dense infiltrates composed of
      macrophages and other inflammatory cells; after BMT, repopulation started at the
      periphery of the infiltrates, when they were not totally destroyed by CY.
      Granulocytic repopulation generally preceded erythropoiesis, which always
      occurred by way of typical erythroblastic reticulocytopoietic islands. Marked but
      transient dyserythropoiesis was found in two cases; in one of them, it was
      considered as drug-dependent. Both in SAA and in AML, but more so in the latter,
      a marked and sometimes imposing macrophagic hyperplasia was found after
      transplantation. Many macrophages were actively engulfing erythrocytes and
      nucleated cells. This last type appeared prominent in rejection episodes.

PMID- 390493
TI  - 45Ca2+ uptake by dispersed pancreatic islet cells: effect of D-glucose and the
      calcium probe, chlorotetracycline.
AB  - Uptake of 45Ca2+ was studied in dispersed pancreatic islet cells from non-inbred
      ob/ob-mice. Like whole islets the dispersed cells responded to 20 mM D-glucose
      with a markedly increased 45Ca2+-labeling of both the lanthanum-nondisplaceable
      and the lanthanum-displaceable calcium pools. The pronounced effect of D-glucose
      could not be reproduced with 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, L-glucose, D-mannose, L
      leucine, or D-leucine; however, 45Ca2+ uptake was greater in the presence of L
      leucine as compared with D-leucine. 45Ca2+ uptake by dispersed cells or whole
      islets was stimulated severalfold by 100 microM or more chlorotetracycline. At
      the concentration of only 10 microM, chlorotetracycline had no effect on whole
      islets and partially inhibited 45Ca2+ uptake by the dispersed cells. The ability
      of D-glucose to stimulate 45Ca2+ uptake by islets or dispersed cells remained in
      the presence of 10 microM chlorotetracycline. Islet cell suspensions apparently
      represent a valid model for studying how Ca2+ interacts with the cells. However,
      when using chlorotetracycline as fluorescent Ca2+ probe, attention must be paid
      to it potential ionophoric activity. At only 10 microM, the drug seems to monitor
      a peripheral pool of Ca2+, some of which may reside in normal transport channels.

PMID- 390495
TI  - [Thrombopoietin and the control of platelet production (author's transl)].
AB  - Under normal conditions the circulating platelet mass is remarkably constant,
      which suggested early on that a negative feedback mechanism was involved in the
      control of thrombocytopoiesis. Furthermore, plasma or serum from thrombocytopenic
      animals or humans has been reported to stimulate platelet production when
      injected into laboratory animals, thus suggesting that it contained a
      thrombopoietin(s). During the past decade, the biochemistry and physiology of
      thrombopoietin have been studied. However, it is not now well established that
      thrombopoietin is a glycoprotein produced, at least in part, by the kidney.
      Moreover, particular attention may be directed to its machanism of action.

PMID- 390496
TI  - Homology of the 3' terminal sequences of the 18S rRNA of Bombyx mori and the 16S
      rRNA of Escherchia coli.
AB  - The terminal 220 base pairs (bp) of the gene for 18S rRNA and 18 bp of the
      adjoining spacer rDNA of the silkworm Bombyx mori have been sequenced. Comparison
      with the sequence of the 16S rRNA gene of Escherichia coli has shown that a
      region including 45 bp of the B. mori sequence at the 3' end is remarkably
      homologous with the 3' terminal E. coli sequence. Other homologies occur in the
      terminal regions of the 18S and 16S rRNAs, including a perfectly conserved
      stretch of 13 bp within a longer homology located 150--200 bp from the 3'
      termini. These homologies are the most extensive so far reported between
      prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomic DNA.

PMID- 390497
TI  - Mapping of RNA by a modification of the Berk-Sharp procedure: the 5' termini of
      15 S beta-globin mRNA precursor and mature 10 s beta-globin mRNA have identical
      map coordinates.
AB  - We have used a modification of the Berk-Sharp technique to determine that the 5'
      termini of the mouse 15 S beta-globin precursor and the mature mRNA have
      identical map coordinates. The modification involves the use of 5' (or 3')
      terminally labeled probes; it allows the detection of the precursor in the
      presence of excess mature mRNA.

PMID- 390499
TI  - Studies on transfer ribonucleic acids and related compounds. XXXII. Synthesis of
      ribonucleotides corresponding to residues 1-5 and 6-10 of tRNAfMet from E. coli
      and their base conversion analogs.
AB  - E. Coli tRNAfMet fragments, C-G-C-G-Gp (bases 1-5), U-G-C-G-Gp (base 1
      transition, analog) pG-G-C-G-Gp (base 1 transversion analog) and pG-G-s4U-G-Gp
      (bases 6-10) were synthesized by triester methods using 2'-O-(o-nitrobenzyl)
      nucleotides including a 3',5'-bisphosphorylated guanosine derivative. The s4U
      containing pentanucleotide was derived from the pG-G-C-G-Gp by treatment with
      liquid hydrogen sulfide.

PMID- 390498
TI  - Nucleotide sequence determination of a strong promoter of the colicin E 1
      plasmid. Analysis of restriction sites protected by RNA polymerase interactions
      before and after limited transcription.
AB  - This paper presents the location and nucleotide sequence of a strong promoter of
      ColE 1. This promoter is of interest because of its greatly enhanced activity in
      the supercoiled state of the plasmid DNA (3) and its possible role in the
      maintenance of the plasmid replicon (4). This strong promoter is located at the
      restriction endonuclease Hae III f-h site 0.13 map units from the single EcoR 1
      site proximal to the origin of DNA replication. The nucleotide sequence of the
      Hpa II l fragment of ColE 1 which contains this promoter has been determined.
      Initiation of transcription at this promoter occurred at two positions. Limited
      transcription by omitting one of the four nucleotide triphosphates allowed
      transcription to proceed to the fourth (-UTP) and to the twelfth (-CTP)
      nucleotides respectively. This was used to probe the interaction between RNA
      polymerase and the ColE 10.13 promoter by means of restriction cutting at the Hae
      III site at =27 and the Hha I site at +17. RNA polymerase binding alone blocks
      restriction cutting at the HAE III site but not at the Hha I site. Limited
      transcrption to the fourth nucleotide resulted in blocking at both sites.
      Transcription to the twelfth nucleotide resulted in partial cutting at the Hae
      III site and blocking at the Hha I site.

PMID- 390501
TI  - [The Cracow Curie Institute--the 1st center of radium therapy in Poland].

PMID- 390500
TI  - Aspects of specific protein-DNA interaction; multi-mode binding of the
      oligopeptide antibiotic netropsin to (A.T)-rich DNA segments.
AB  - By means of titration viscometry a number of distinct modes could be resolved for
      the interaction between the antibiotic netropsin and DNA species of 50, 58, and
      69 mole + (A+T) below r = 0.04 netropsin molecules bound per DNA phosphate group.
      The number of corresponding binding sites increases with a high power of the
      (A+T) content. The apparent association constants are very high (greater than
      10(6) M-1, some perhaps greater than 10(6) M-1) and also rather different for
      most of the binding sites. It is suggested that some of these interaction modes
      differ in the number of hydrogen bonds formed between donors of the ligand and
      acceptors of the binding sites. The interaction modes were characterized
      quantitatively by their (species-independent) changes of DNA contour length and
      by the percentage of local DNA stiffening.

PMID- 390502
TI  - A nursing research methodology bibliography.

PMID- 390503
TI  - Psychotherapy. The therapeutic community: a history.

PMID- 390504
TI  - Transcendental meditation: stressing natural harmony.

PMID- 390505
TI  - Heart transplant. Keith Castle's verdict: 'A piece of cake!

PMID- 390506
TI  - Profile - Alun Giles: the Rcn picks a winner.

PMID- 390507
TI  - Down Memory Lane: when I earned 25p a week.

PMID- 390508
TI  - Fings ain't wot they used to be--and a good thing too.

PMID- 390509
TI  - The saintly yet so-human Sister Dora.

PMID- 390510
TI  - [Dr. Krystyna Stec-Kryszkiewicz (28 September 1925 - 18 March 1979)].

PMID- 390511
TI  - [Multicenter controlled trial of desensitization treatment of pollen-induced hay
      fever and asthma with pollinex vaccine].

PMID- 390512
TI  - [Acute poisoning in Wroclaw during the years 1972-1977].

PMID- 390513
TI  - [Periappendicular abscess].

PMID- 390514
TI  - [Ability of the peripheral blood granulocytes to phagocytize latex particles and
      reduce nitroblue tetrazolium in healthy persons depending on the presence of
      hemagglutinins against Candida albicans antigen in the blood serum].

PMID- 390515
TI  - [Unsuccessful heparin treatment of intravascular dissemination coagulation in
      infants with E. coli septicemia].

PMID- 390516
TI  - [Perfusion and hypothermia as a protection of the heart to be transplanted].

PMID- 390517
TI  - Diagnostic value of pancreatic biopsy.
AB  - This review emphasizes that the value of pancreatic biopsy is unquestionable for
      the preoperative and peroperative diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Improvement
      of biopsy methods will further increase the importance of the preoperative
      pancreatic biopsy. However, the considerable technical difficulties and the time
      expenditure associated with these methods do not allow the use of pancreatic
      biopsy or one of the other diagnostic procedures as a screening procedure for
      detecting pancreatic carcinoma before it has led to subjective symptoms such as
      biliary obstruction. We should concentrate on the development of an immunological
      test for identifying the asymptomatic patients. Some progress on this area has
      been initiated by an attempt to characterize a pancreas-specific oncofetal
      antigen (Hobbs, 1976). The early demonstration of such an antigen in serum and
      pancreatic fluid would substantially improve the otherwise unfavourable diagnosis
      of pancreatic carcinoma. Therefore, we hope that the pessimism regarding the
      diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer will be replaced by realistic
      optimism in the future.

PMID- 390519
TI  - [Diagnosis of postoperative thromboembolism by radioisotope methods].

PMID- 390518
TI  - Palmar fibromatosis-"Dupuytren's contracture". A comparison of light electron and
      immunofluorescence microscopic findings.
AB  - A comparison of light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopic findings in
      palmar fibromatosis (Dupuytren's disease) revealed that the three morphologic
      phase of Luck; I. proliferative, 2. involutional, and 3. residual, corresponded
      for the most part to I. fibroblastic, 2. myofibroblastic or 3. fibrocytic
      lesions, respectively. The spectrum between proliferative phase and residual
      phase appeared immunohistochemically as a decrease in collagen type III, and an
      increase of collagen type I. Myosin was found in substantial quantities only
      during the involutional phase, distinguished by myofibroblasts, presumably with
      contractile capabilities. Thus, the clinical presence of contractures with palmar
      fibromatosis might also be explained in the absence of distinct fiber formation.

PMID- 390520
TI  - [Prof. Walter C. Mackenzie (1909-1978)].

PMID- 390522
TI  - [Allo- and xenogenic biological skin dressings and their use in the treatment of
      burns].

PMID- 390521
TI  - [Injuries of the veins].

PMID- 390523
TI  - [Congenital diaphragmatic hernia in newborn infants].

PMID- 390524
TI  - [The natural antibodies].

PMID- 390525
TI  - [Chronobiology and the perspectives of its use in medicine].

PMID- 390526
TI  - [Current problems regarding the sensitivity of Yersinia enterocolitica to
      chemotherapeutic agents].

PMID- 390527
TI  - [Biochemical aspects of alcoholism. III. Effect of ethanol on the protein and
      steroid metabolism].

PMID- 390529
TI  - The treatment of urinary infection in women. A dip-slide comparative study.

PMID- 390530
TI  - Birmingham General Hospital and the Birmingham Music Festivals.

PMID- 390532
TI  - [Methylation of prokaryotic RNA by S-methyl methionine in in vivo experiments].
AB  - While cultivating the E. coli 113-3 strain on the mineral medium containing S
      methyl-(methyl-3H)-methionine, the incorporation of methyl groups into 4S, 16S
      and 23S RNA proved to be over 5 times more effective as compared with the
      control, when L-(methyl-3H)-methionine acted as a donor of methyl groups. The
      ratio of methylated components has much in common and significant differences.
      All the types of RNA of E. coli grown in the mineral medium containing S-methyl
      methionine showed an increased ratio of m2G as compared with the corresponding
      types of RNA of E. coli after its cultivation in the methionine containing
      mineral medium.

PMID- 390528
TI  - Dose response for blood pressure and degree of cardiac beta-blockade with
      atenolol.
AB  - The hypotensive effect of 25 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg, 100 mg and 0 mg of atenolol daily
      were compared in a double-blind within-patient study. The fall in blood pressure
      with 25 mg daily was not significantly different than with 100 mg. The dose
      response curve lies between 0 and 25 mg daily. Cardiac beta-blockade (measured by
      suppression of exercise tachycardia) was not maximal with 25 mg of atenolol
      daily. The dose response curves for beta-blockade and the hypotensive effect are
      not parallel.

PMID- 390533
TI  - [Application of lytic enzymes for disruption of microbial cell walls to isolate
      DNA].
AB  - The possibility of isolating DNA from yeast and actinomycete cells, previously
      exposed to enzymic disruption, was explored. The enzyme was produced from
      Actinomyces griseinus II. The highest yield of DNA from microbial cells was
      obtained as a result of detergent pretreatment of the yeast and actinomycetes and
      subsequent disruption of cell walls with the above enzyme.

PMID- 390531
TI  - [Comparison of different methods for measuring nucleic acids and protein in the
      biomass, half-products and preparations of E. coli and yeast].
AB  - In the E. coli biomass, half-products and RNA preparations a comparative
      measurement of nucleic acids and protein was carried out using different methods.
      As a result, the following methods can be recommended: to assay RNA in the
      biomass--spectrophotometry, to determine RNA in half-products and preparations-
      the phosphate method, to assess DNA--the diphenyl amine method, and to measure
      protein--according to Lowry. The same methods can be recommended to estimate RNA
      from baker's yeast.

PMID- 390534
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin I2 on ovine maternal and fetal adrenal blood flows.

PMID- 390535
TI  - Immunoenzyme assay for human prostatic acid phosphatase.

PMID- 390536
TI  - Altered erythropoiesis during the course of virulent murine malaria.

PMID- 390537
TI  - The effects of captopril, propranolol, and indomethacin on blood pressure and
      plasma renin activity in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats.

PMID- 390538
TI  - Rabbit cardiovascular responses during PEEP before and after vagotomy.

PMID- 390539
TI  - Comparison of prophage induction and mutagenicity in Ames tester strains by
      alkylating agents.

PMID- 390540
TI  - The composition, structure and function of lipids in the tissues of ruminant
      animals.

PMID- 390542
TI  - [Trituration: theoretical ideas].

PMID- 390541
TI  - Lipid exchange and transfer between biological lipid-protein structures.

PMID- 390544
TI  - [Physiological and medicinal chemistry between 1800 and 1850].

PMID- 390545
TI  - [Paracelsus and the Basel pharmacists].

PMID- 390543
TI  - [The history of pharmaceutical education in France by the honorary Dean Georges
      Dillemann].

PMID- 390547
TI  - [The influence of the pharmacist on public life in Hungary in the 19th century].

PMID- 390546
TI  - [The plan for socialization of pharmacy during the Second Spanish Republic].

PMID- 390548
TI  - The significance of the pre-Columbian pharmaceutical knowledge for European
      medicine in the XVIth century.

PMID- 390549
TI  - [The letters of Jacques Peschier of Geneva to Joh. Barth. Trommsdorff, Erfurt as
      an example of international pharmaceutical contact in the beginning of the 19th
      century].

PMID- 390551
TI  - [Nicholas of Kues (1401-1464) and his importance in natural science].

PMID- 390550
TI  - [Pharmacy in Dutch political caricature].

PMID- 390552
TI  - Angiotensin-induced release of prostacyclin (PGI2) into circulation of
      anaesthetized cats.

PMID- 390553
TI  - [New developments in the area of fluorinated tricyclic neuroleptics].

PMID- 390554
TI  - [The clinical effect of a selected sultone (tisocromide) (proceedings)].

PMID- 390555
TI  - [Clinical testing of drugs that act on learning and memory (proceedings)].

PMID- 390556
TI  - [Human pharmacologic studies on the resorption kinetics of meclofenoxatorotate
      (Jenapharm) (proceedings)].

PMID- 390558
TI  - Genetic influences on pharmacodynamic properties of psychotropic drugs.
AB  - Most of the well-known examples of pharmacogenetics are based on differences of
      biotransformation and elimination of drugs. Since a drug interacts with a
      genetically determined biological target, hereditary differences on the
      pharmacodynamic level are also probable. Especially psychotropics show
      interindividual variation in their pharmacological effects. The differential
      effects of psychotropic drugs on the EEG presumably reflect genetic differences
      of brain function. Lithium transport across the erythrocyte membrane exhibits
      large interindividual differences that have a genetic basis, and that possibly
      indicate a link between lithium transport and manic-depressive psychosis.

PMID- 390557
TI  - [The effect of turimycin on the ribosomal peptidyltransferase of Escherichia coli
      (proceedings)].

PMID- 390559
TI  - Ribavirin: an antiviral agent.

PMID- 390561
TI  - Characteristics and differences in the hepatic mixed function oxidases of
      different species.

PMID- 390563
TI  - Procedures for EMG biofeedback training in involved upper extremities of
      hemiplegic patients.
AB  - This article presents practical information about using electromyographic
      biofeedback to train specific muscle groups in the involved upper extermity of
      hemiplegic patients. Our approach is first to reduce hyperactivity in spastic
      musculature and then to increase activity levels in weak muscles. Electrode
      placements and a sequence of training procedures for muscles whose functions are
      most commonly impaired following stroke are described.

PMID- 390562
TI  - Isolation and purification of cytochrome P-450, and the existence of multiple
      forms.

PMID- 390560
TI  - Comparative toxicology of insecticides for vertebrate wildlife and fish.

PMID- 390564
TI  - Obituary: A. Douglas McLaren (1917-1979).

PMID- 390565
TI  - Inactivation of the lactose permease of Escherichia coli by monochromatic
      ultraviolet light.

PMID- 390566
TI  - Repair of psoralen plus near ultraviolet light damage in bacteriophage T4.

PMID- 390567
TI  - A retracting wire knife for cutting fiber bundles and making sheet lesions of
      brain tissue.
AB  - A retracting knife which has two cutting wires for the transection of fiber
      bundles is described. The knife holds the fiber bundles of the stria terminalis
      between the two cutting wires and transects them by a shearing movement as the
      wires close. In addition, the feasability of such a knife producing a sheet
      lesion around the n. caudatus is also described.

PMID- 390568
TI  - [History of electrostimulation].

PMID- 390569
TI  - [Planned and active parenthood--exercises and relaxation technics].

PMID- 390570
TI  - [The profession offers a satisfaction (Zofia Chrzanowska, Halina Gorska)].

PMID- 390571
TI  - [A self-portrait (A. Bakierowska)].

PMID- 390572
TI  - ["W" hour in Ochota].

PMID- 390573
TI  - [A nursing school named after Warsaw WW II nurses].

PMID- 390574
TI  - [September in Lublin].

PMID- 390575
TI  - Superiority of the deep circumflex iliac vessels as the supply for free groin
      flaps. Clinical work.
AB  - In this paper we present 16 cases of free transfer of compound flaps from the
      groin, 11 using the deep circumflex iliac vessels as a stem and 5 using the
      superficial circumflex iliac vessels as a stem. We found the deep vessels
      superior in many ways  to the superficial vessels for this purpose; they are
      larger, permitting greater ease in anastomoses and providing more reliable blood
      flow. We believe that larger osteocutaneous or myocutaneous flaps can be
      transferred on the deep vessels than on the superficial ones-and that the deep
      circumflex iliac flap may supplant the conventional free going flap in most
      situations. The method evolved in response to patient need, not for surgical
      eclat.

PMID- 390576
TI  - Successful replantation of lower leg and foot, with good sensibility and
      function.
AB  - The successful replantation of the lower part of a leg with the foot is reported
      in a 17-year-old boy. Adequate protective sensibility was obtained, and he walks
      well with a 3-inch lift on that shoe. He is also able to hike, climb, swim, dive,
      and engage in most normal activities. The pros and cons of leg replantation are
      considered.

PMID- 390577
TI  - The extended dorsalis pedis flap.
AB  - An extended dorsalis pedis island flap was used to cover the heel in two
      patients. The arterial predicles were extended by cutting and bridging with vein
      grafts to allow the flaps to reach the defects. By this method, excellent
      coverage is obtained and the protective sensation may be retained or restored by
      preservation or extension of the sensory nerves.

PMID- 390578
TI  - Replantation of amputated distal phalangeal parts of fingers without vascular
      anastomoses, using subcutaneous pockets.

PMID- 390579
TI  - Repair of large defect of frontal bone with free graft of outer table of parietal
      bones.
AB  - We present a case with a full-thickness bony defect in the frontal area. It was
      corrected successfully by a free bone graft to the outer table from the parieto
      occipital area, partly covered by a flap of periosteum from the same area.

PMID- 390580
TI  - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of psychotherapy of psychoses].

PMID- 390581
TI  - [Psychotherapy in preventive health services with special regard to family and
      school problems].

PMID- 390582
TI  - [Effectiveness of psychotherapy--methods and research].

PMID- 390583
TI  - [Self assessment and the importance of this factor in psychological adaptation].

PMID- 390584
TI  - [Dr. Zofia Szymanska (1888-1978)].

PMID- 390585
TI  - [The eightieth anniversary of Prof. Stanislaw Batawia].

PMID- 390586
TI  - [Prof. Stanislaw Batawia's activities in the field of forensic psychiatry].

PMID- 390587
TI  - [Activities of Prof. Stanislaw Batawia in the field of alcoholism and its
      prevention].

PMID- 390588
TI  - [Mitigation of the schizophrenic process in light of the differences in the
      mental state of the patients hospitalized for the 1st time at various periods. A
      hypothesis].

PMID- 390589
TI  - [Study of HL-A antigens in endogenous psychoses].

PMID- 390590
TI  - Schizophrenia and physical disease.

PMID- 390591
TI  - On the medical history of the doctrine of imagination.
AB  - In the early modern era the notion of imagination was made responsible for
      phenomena which were later explained in terms of embryology, genetics,
      psychology, bacteriology or other scientific disciplines. Images, often seated in
      the upper abdomen (hypochondriac region) or the womb (hysteria), were regarded as
      powerful influences on material reality. In the course of the seventeenth and
      eighteenth centuries the hypochondriac forms of imagination became mere whims and
      spleens, but they kept much of their original potency in respect of the uterus,
      accounting for monstrosities and the shaping of human offspring. The hysterical
      conversion of imagination into somatic phenomena has never been questioned. Since
      the two World Wars the realm of imagination has again expanded beyond the uterus
      and the older disease-concepts. In the last 10-20 years images seem to have
      regained some of their original creative force.

PMID- 390592
TI  - Body image disturbance in anorexia nervosa during the acute and recuperative
      phase.
AB  - Perception of body size, subjective experience of body image distortions and
      differentiation of body concept in the human figure drawing were assessed in
      adolescent anorexia nervosa patients and controls shortly after hospital
      admission, and again 6 months later during the recuperative phase. Size
      estimation was not found to be a distinguishing variable, as both groups
      exhibited overestimation tendencies of comparable magnitude at both time periods.
      By contrast, experiences denoting estrangement from the body, insensitivity to
      body sensations, and weakness of body boundaries were more prevalent in
      anorexics, and persisted at high levels after frank symptoms of weight and eating
      disorder had subsided. Anorexics were also shown to depict the human figure with
      less differentiation relative to controls. Within the anorexic sample the
      presence of vomiting was linked to greater subjective experience of body image
      distortion, and such phenomena appear to be a more enduring feature in this
      subgroup. Overall, the results were viewed as lending support to the argument
      that defects in body image formation render the anorexic vulnerable to their
      manifest pathology, which is itself activated by maturational conflicts unique to
      adolescence.

PMID- 390593
TI  - Mania a potu: a critical review of pathological intoxication.

PMID- 390595
TI  - Reports from WHO Collaborative Reference Centers for the Study of Psychotropic
      Drugs in Norway and Yugoslavia: current research in Yugoslavia.

PMID- 390594
TI  - The effect of corticosteroids on amino acid content of brain tissue preparations.

PMID- 390596
TI  - Methodological issues of hemodialysis in schizophrenia.

PMID- 390597
TI  - Reports from WHO Collaborative Reference Centers for the Study of Psychotropic
      Drugs in Norway and Yugoslavia: current research in Norway.

PMID- 390598
TI  - The history of a hospital and its diagnostic index.

PMID- 390599
TI  - The nurse practitioner as a physician substitute in a remote rural community: a
      case study.

PMID- 390600
TI  - The reproductive ecology of the house mouse.
AB  - This paper attempts to integrate the physiological and ecological perspectives of
      the reproductive biology of the house mouse (Mus musculus). The endeavor is made
      within a larger context to provide a prototype for mammalian reproductive ecology
      in general. Specifically, the environmental regulation of the reproduction of Mus
      musculus is examined in relation to its ecological opportunism and, in
      particular, in relation to its history of global colonization. House mice can
      live as commensals of man or under totally feral conditions. Stable, high
      density, commensal populations are characterized by an insular division of the
      living space into demeterritories, each dominated by a single male. Feral
      populations typically are characterized by temporal, spatial, and social
      instability. Territoriality is improbable under such conditions, particularly
      given the necessity for large home ranges in most feral habitats. In both feral
      and commensal populations, however, male aggressiveness promotes the large-scale
      dispersal of young, all of which are potential colonizers. Of the ten or so
      environmental factors known to influence reproduction in house mice, seven
      probably are of routine importance in natural populations: diurnal modulation by
      daily light:dark cycles; caloric intake; nutrition; extreme temperature;
      agaonistic stimuli; socio-tactile cues; and priming pheronomes. The last two
      factors named operate directly on the secretion of luteinizing hormone or
      prolactin; the others act at many points in the reproductive system. Reproduction
      in the house mouse seems divorced from photoperiodically induced seasonality;
      indeed, this species breeds well even in constant darkness. Seasonal breeding may
      or may not then occur, depending upon dietary considerations, with or without a
      secondary interaction with variation in ambient temperature. There is no evidence
      for a dependence upon secondary plant compounds. Some of the effects of priming
      pheromones that have been observed previously in laboratory mice probably play no
      meaningful role in wild populations. The remaining pheromonal phenomena can be
      conceptualized as a single cueing system that has three components: (a) urinary
      cues of socially dominant males can accelerate ovulation in females, adult or
      prepubertal; (b) female urinary cues may elevate pheromonal potency in adult
      males, thereby forming a feedback loop by which the females elicit their own
      ovulation; and (c) the male's action on prepubertal females can be blocked by
      urinary cues emanating from other females. When all of the above is viewed in
      toto, the reproductive biology of the house mouse seems uniquely suited to
      support ecological opportunism. The relatively few environmental inhibitors of
      reproduction in this species should enhance the ability of dispersing young to
      colonize an exceptionally wide variety of habitats and climates...

PMID- 390601
TI  - [Effect of temperature on the radiosensitizing effect of oxygen and N
      ethylmaleimide].

PMID- 390603
TI  - [Effect of the DNA and protein synthesis balance on the yield of gene mutations
      induced by gamma radiation of Escherichia coli cells].

PMID- 390604
TI  - [Ernst W. Dorffel on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 390602
TI  - [Possible use of a yeast model for assessing the antiradiation activity of
      thiazoline compounds].

PMID- 390605
TI  - [Experience with electronic data processing and a new transfer mode in nuclear
      medicine thyroid diagnosis].

PMID- 390606
TI  - The importance of axonal transport and endoplasmic reticulum in the function of
      cholinergic synapse in normal and pathological conditions.

PMID- 390608
TI  - Biochemical characterization of muscarinic receptors: multiplicity of binding
      components.

PMID- 390607
TI  - The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo electroplax.

PMID- 390609
TI  - The life history of acetylcholine receptors.

PMID- 390610
TI  - Morphogenesis of the cholinergic synapse in striated muscle.

PMID- 390611
TI  - Factors affecting the distribution of acetylcholine receptors in innervated and
      denervated skeletal muscle fibers.

PMID- 390612
TI  - Short review of progress in experimental myasthenia gravis, bearing on the
      pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 390613
TI  - Immunohistochemistry of choline acetyltransferase.

PMID- 390614
TI  - Relationship of choline uptake to acetylcholine synthesis and release.

PMID- 390615
TI  - Regulation of acetylcholine synthesis in cholinergic nerve terminals.

PMID- 390616
TI  - The present status of the vesicular hypothesis.

PMID- 390617
TI  - [Control of vitellogenin gene expression by estrogen (author's transl)].

PMID- 390618
TI  - [Terminal transferase and immunity (author's transl)].

PMID- 390619
TI  - [tRNA transglycosylase--biosynthesis of Q nucleoside present in tRNA as a minor
      nucleoside component (author's transl)].

PMID- 390620
TI  - [Histone phosphorylation and function of chromatin during cell cycle. (I)--The
      level of H 1 phosphorylation (author's transl)].

PMID- 390621
TI  - [Recent development on sequence analysis of RNA by post-labeling procedures
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 390622
TI  - [In vitro cultivation of insect cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 390623
TI  - [Metabolism characteristic of insect diapause (author's transl)].

PMID- 390624
TI  - [Biochemical aspects on fibroin (author's transl)].

PMID- 390625
TI  - [Pole cells, the potential primordial germ cells in Drosophila (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 390626
TI  - [Insect hormones (II) -- mainly on juvenile hormone (author's transl)].

PMID- 390628
TI  - [Introduction of a new method for the detection of antibodies against nuclear
      antigens. Comparison with radioimmunoassay and indirect immunofluorescence in the
      rat liver].

PMID- 390627
TI  - [Problems in the classification of psychopathological disorders following cardiac
      surgery with extracorporeal circulation].
AB  - Classifications of postoperative psychopathological disorders after heart surgery
      according to the literature are very different as the results are dependent upon
      the accuracy of the observation. The accuracy and choice of classification are
      important as the base for identifying causal factors. We studied 214 patients
      using three alternative methods of classification and discuss problems of
      classification of the postoperative psychopathological dysfunctions.

PMID- 390629
TI  - [Gonadotropic response to a gonadotropin releasing hormone in normal adult
      males].

PMID- 390630
TI  - [W. Harvey (1578-1657) and A. van den Speigel (1578-1625), humanism and
      odontology].

PMID- 390631
TI  - [Adhesion of restoration materials to hard tooth structures].
AB  - Adhesion occurs in dentistry in many situations. The demand for an adhesive
      restorative material becomes increasingly pressing. After a general treatment of
      the physico-chemical principles of adhesion the materials and technics for
      adhesion to dental enamel are reviewed. Only materials on a polymer basis are
      being developed for new indication areas and tried out in clinical
      investigations. Microretention to dental enamel obtained by etching with
      phosphoric acid, is the leading technic. As follows from a survey of clinical
      investigations on fissure sealants and adhesive restorations in front teeth, this
      technic yields the desired result only in the hands of well-trained researchers.
      Recently, Smith (1975) succeeded in developing a polymer system adhering
      chemically to dentine, but it is not yet available on the market. Whether this
      system is the answer to the demand of a truly adhesive restorative material, is
      doubtful due to the work of Hoppenbrouwers and Borggreven (1977).

PMID- 390632
TI  - [Adhesion mechanisms of adhesives and composites (or how do adhesive and
      composites adhere?)].

PMID- 390633
TI  - Pretreatments for adhesive dentistry.

PMID- 390634
TI  - [The dentistry of Adriaan van den Spiegel from Brussels (1578-1625-1978)].
AB  - Spigelius, born in Brussels in 1578 (as Harvey, his fellow, student in Italy) was
      the last great anatomist of the school of Padua. After his death in 1625 his
      disciple, Brucetius and his son-in-law, Liberalis Crema, published two years
      later his "Anatomy" and his "Embryology", illustrated with beautiful plates
      bought from the heirs of his master Casserio (1561-1619). The sinus maxillaris
      and the odontology of Eustachius are only mentioned in De humani corporis Fabrica
      libri X, not in De formato Foetu liber singularis. In order to appreciate the
      normality of the head he described four diameters of the skull and has been
      considered by Topinard as the father of craniometry. He also mentions the changes
      in the proportions of the body during growth and the effects of illness upon
      growth. His theory and practice of oral surgery are those of his master Fabrizio
      ab Aquapendente (1533-1619) and of his pupil Scultetus (1595-1648).

PMID- 390635
TI  - [Determinative factors of the equilibrium and instability of human microbiota].

PMID- 390636
TI  - [Degrees of inflammation of the human gingiva].

PMID- 390638
TI  - [Philosophy of radicular obturation].

PMID- 390637
TI  - [Major connectors for maxillary partial removable denture].

PMID- 390639
TI  - [Zone of compression in complete upper dentures].

PMID- 390640
TI  - [Gingival retraction. Behavior of gingival tissue when retracted with dry cotton
      thread, impregnated with racemic epinephrine crystals and soaked in racemic
      epinephrine solution].

PMID- 390642
TI  - [Occlusal sealings: evaluation of caries preventive potential and bacteriological
      aspects (author's transl)].

PMID- 390641
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the human dental cement surface after sub-gingival
      scaling (comparison of manual with ultrasonic instruments (author's transl)].

PMID- 390643
TI  - [Contribution to preclinic activities in oral surgery teaching (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 390644
TI  - Some repair effectiveness coefficients as indicators of E. coli UV-resistance.
AB  - Mathematical studies of E. coli survival curves to UV (254 nm) lead to the
      definition of a photoresistance parameter - the "mean survival dose" (MSD) - to
      compare radiation resistances of genetically related bacterial strains. Based on
      this MSD-parameter some repair coefficients were proposed as indicators of the
      relative effectiveness with which every repair system recovers radiation lesions
      in cells. The theoretical values calculated for the proposed coefficients are in
      agreement with those which were obtained from experimental data presented in the
      literature.

PMID- 390645
TI  - Liquid holding recovery in E. coli K12. I - Substances released during buffer
      holding.
AB  - It is known that the incubation, in a buffer, of UV-irradiated E. coli cells
      results in viability increase, this phenomenon had been called liquid holding
      recovery (LHR). We have studied the cellular constituents release during LHR and
      verified that releasing rate is dose-dependent. LHR was also observed after
      nitrogen-mustard treatment and it is not blocked by caffeine. So, we suggest that
      LHR expression is not always a rec-gene dependent function and, probably, the
      survival increase could be explained by (a) DNA-repair, (b) reversible membrane
      damage and (c) cellular multiplication.

PMID- 390647
TI  - [Autotransplantation of the kidney in treatment of arterial hypertension caused
      by renal artery stenosis].

PMID- 390646
TI  - [Fetal macrosomy in alloxanized rats (author's transl)].
AB  - The aim of this work was to observe the starting of fetal macrosomy during the
      gestation of the diabetic rat and whether the sex of the fetuses has any
      influence on it. Lesions were produced in the B cells of the pancreas by the
      administration of alloxan on the 4th gestation day. The length and weight of the
      fetuses were not altered by this treatment before the 14th day of pregnancy,
      suggesting that fetal macrosomy should occur after this day.

PMID- 390648
TI  - [Iron deficiency and iron-deficiency disease in children].

PMID- 390649
TI  - [Splenic suture in cases of traumatic rupture of the organ].

PMID- 390650
TI  - [Left brachial paralysis (a complication of CPAP)].

PMID- 390652
TI  - [Student nurses' use of the "play-interview" in assisting sick children].

PMID- 390651
TI  - [Pleural empyema caused by E coli, in a child. An immunodeficient subject?].

PMID- 390653
TI  - Circular dichroism of pituitary hormones.

PMID- 390654
TI  - Testis-organizing H-Y antigen and the primary sex-determining mechanism of
      mammals.

PMID- 390656
TI  - Steric hindrance enzyme immunoassay (SHEIA); a novel method in enzyme
      immunoassay.
AB  - We have developed a new method for separation of antibody bound and unbound
      enzyme conjugates. The technique as applied to the assay of choriomammotropin
      involves the use of beta-D-galactosylamine bound to agarose to separate the
      unbound choriomammotropin-beta-galactosidase conjugates for antibody bound
      conjugates. When beta-galactosidase was conjugated with choriomammotropin using
      the N-hydroxy-succinamide ester of m-maleimidobenzoic acid the affinity of the
      enzyme conjugate to beta-D-galactosylamine attached to agarose diminished
      markedly following incubation with antibody. In a typical enzyme immunoassay of
      choriomammotropin, 5 microliter of swelled affinity gel per tube was required to
      precipitate unbound enzyme following one hour gentle shaking at room temperature.
      Choriomammotropin antibody was used at titer of 1:1,000. The standard curve for
      the assay was adjusted to cover a range of 0-10 mg/l with maximum sensitivity
      between 1-4 mg/l.

PMID- 390655
TI  - Vitellogenesis: a versatile model for hormonal regulation of gene expression.

PMID- 390657
TI  - [The timing of ventilatory therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 390658
TI  - [Respiratory failure-new therapy and new way of thinking (author's transl)].

PMID- 390659
TI  - [Krapinske Toplice - from a spa to a hospital for rheumatic diseases and
      rehabilitation].

PMID- 390660
TI  - [The immunomodulating effect of levamisole in animal experiments].

PMID- 390661
TI  - [Effect of Prolixan 300 (Azapropazone) on the course of rheumatoid disease and
      degenerative joint disease. Comparison with indomethacin by means of a double
      blind test].

PMID- 390662
TI  - Paromomycin-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli K12 I. Cross-resistance to
      streptomycin and synergism of the mixture of both antibiotics.

PMID- 390663
TI  - [Investigation of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria in foodstuffs (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 390664
TI  - [The first Chilean medical fellows in Europe (1874) (author's transl)].

PMID- 390665
TI  - [Hernan Alessandri MD and the development of internal medicine at the Hospital
      del Salvador (Santiago) (author's transl)].

PMID- 390666
TI  - [In memoriam Marcel Florkin (Liege, 15 August 1900-3 May 1979). The fallen oaks].

PMID- 390667
TI  - [The centennary of the death of Claude Bernard].

PMID- 390668
TI  - [Epidemiology and natural history of coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 390669
TI  - [Upper respiratory and digestive cancer: the practitioner and medical specialist
      faced with the problem of early diagnosis].

PMID- 390670
TI  - [The petro-mastoid evidement cavity with chronic suppuration: surgical
      treatment].

PMID- 390671
TI  - [What is the place of orthopedics in society?].

PMID- 390673
TI  - Historical aspects of ankylosing spondylitis.

PMID- 390672
TI  - [Duodenojejunal neo-stomach in the restoration of transit after total and
      subtotal gastrectomy].

PMID- 390674
TI  - A controlled trial of tiaprofenic acid versus ibuprofen in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Tiaprofenic acid, 200 mg three times a day, was compared with ibuprofen, 400 mg
      three times a day, in 41 patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and already
      receiving nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in a double-blind controlled
      study. The degree of disability expressed as functional class was significantly
      improved on tiaprofenic acid. There were no other significant differences from
      initial values on either treatment in any other clinical measure of therapeutic
      efficacy. Side-effects were few and minor and there were no significant
      differences between the drugs in this respect.

PMID- 390675
TI  - Obituary: Philip J. R. Nichols.

PMID- 390676
TI  - [Preleukemic states].

PMID- 390677
TI  - The coronary atherosclerotic plaque: natural history, pathogenesis, relation to
      risk factors.

PMID- 390678
TI  - The comparative value of several tests in predicting the response to chemotherapy
      in patients with malignant hemophathies.

PMID- 390679
TI  - [Comparative study of the variable averages and bacilloscopic and morphologic
      indexes in Virchowian Hansen patients treated with rifampicin and
      diaminediphenylsulfone].

PMID- 390680
TI  - Instrument for measuring tooth mobility.

PMID- 390681
TI  - ["Disease" of the cellular energy system (author's transl)].

PMID- 390682
TI  - [Possible applications of the LAI test in the differential diagnosis of
      gynaecological tumours (author's transl)].

PMID- 390683
TI  - [Further experience with the test of inhibition of leucocyte adherence (LAI) in
      the diagnosis of melanoblastomas of the choroid (author's transl)].

PMID- 390684
TI  - [Immunobiological examination of women with spontaneous abortions (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 390685
TI  - [Preliminary experience with the investigation of cellular immunity by the test
      of inhibition of leucocyte adherence in psoriasis vulgaris (author's transl)].

PMID- 390686
TI  - [Investigation of the specific immunological reaction in the course of herpes
      zoster by means of the LAI test (author's transl)].

PMID- 390687
TI  - [Using cell-mediaed immunity for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and
      trichomoniasis (author's transl)].

PMID- 390688
TI  - [Radiologic and histologic findings after transplantation of massive allogenic
      bone and osteocartilaginous grafts].

PMID- 390689
TI  - [Long-term results of therapy using heterogenous grafts at the orthopedic clinic
      in Hradec Kralove].

PMID- 390690
TI  - [Short-term clinical results using lyophilized bone and cartilage grafts stored
      for a long period of time].

PMID- 390691
TI  - Radiosterilization of dermoepidermal grafts.

PMID- 390692
TI  - Steps towards long-term preservation of kidneys at subzero temperatures.

PMID- 390693
TI  - [Hepatitis virus B infection and hepatopathy after kidney transplantation].
AB  - Serological markers for hepatitis virus B (HBV) infection and the occurrence of
      hepatopathies were analyzed in 152 patients during the hemodialysis period and on
      average 3.8 years after receiving a renal allotransplant. At the beginning of
      hemodialysis, 25% of the patients showed signs of an ongoing or past infection
      with HBV (10% hepatitis virus B surface-antigen [HBsAG] positive and 15% anti
      HBsAG positive). At the time of transplantation, 20% of the patients were
      positive for HBsAG and 25% had detectable anti-HBs. At the end of the study, 31%
      of the patients were positive for HBsAG and 25% had detectable anti-HBs. In 21
      patients (14%) inflammatory liver disorders were observed: transitory hepatitis
      (7 patients), chronic persistent hepatitis (7 patients), chronic aggressive
      hepatitis (3 patients) and active cirrhosis (2 patients). Two patients had died
      in liver coma. All 21 patients with inflammatory hepatopathy had detectable HBsAG
      at the time of diagnosis, and all patients with chronic inflammatory liver
      disease were HBs carriers. In most of these patients the carrier state had been
      present for more than 3 years before diagnosis.

PMID- 390694
TI  - [Hyperglycemia and diabetic complications].
AB  - Are long-term complications secondary to diabetes or do they appear
      independently? This question has an important bearing, particularly for the
      physician and the patient who must achieve optimum control of hyperglycemia. Over
      the last 10 years, many epidemiological and biochemical studies have shown close
      links between hyperglycemia and the wide range of factors involved in the
      development of long-term complications.

PMID- 390695
TI  - [Demonstration of soluble parasite antigens, the corresponding antibodies and
      immune complexes in acute malaria].
AB  - Serum levels of malaria antigens, antimalaria antibodies, immune complexes and
      complement components have been followed up in 23 patients suffering from acute
      malaria infection and recovering under therapy. Malarial antigens in serum were
      detected by counterimmunoelectrophoresis: the peak was observed before therapy
      started and their levels rapidly decreased. Specific antimalarial antibodies
      became detectable 5--7 days after starting treatment in patients with a first
      infection. Immune complexes were detected in 21 of 23 sera with a peak level
      between days 5 and 9. A marked decrease of C4 and C3 was observed in the presence
      of normal levels of factor B.

PMID- 390696
TI  - [Prof. Ernst Wiesmann on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 390697
TI  - Effect of an antigenic preparation on the development of plaque and experimental
      gingivitis.

PMID- 390698
TI  - [Short chronicles of Swiss University Institutes of Dental Medicine, 1977].

PMID- 390699
TI  - [Inspection of 1 to 5-year-old amalgam, composite, and cast gold fillings].
AB  - On 103 randomly chosen patients composite-, amalgam-, and cast gold fillings were
      checked and examined after various criteria. Also, the gingival changes were
      noted and vitality tests made. As was to be expected, composites, particularly
      class 2-fillings, showed more loss of substance than amalgams. The latter,
      however, had a worsening marginal adaptation with increasing age. Secondary
      caries was generally more frequent in subgingival fillings. The quality of the
      material was of smaller importance than the marginal leakage. Inflammatory
      processes of the gingiva were more frequent with composites than with inlays.
      Gradually increasing discolorations were the rule. Very few teeth lost their
      vitality after treatment, irrespective of the bases (normal, direct and indirect
      capping).

PMID- 390701
TI  - [Therapeutic immediate denture, class II].
AB  - Without posterior support and because of dysfunction many people have very loose
      joints: their condyles are in a most retruded and downward situation. The
      occlusion cannot be stable in this relationship. The most retruded clinical
      position should not be used for prosthetic restoration. We must establish a
      therapeutic centric occlusion more anteriorly without increasing the vertical
      dimension. The amount of anterior condylar repositioning is determined by viewing
      the original TMJ tomographs. The position and the orientation of a normal
      occlusal plane can only be accurately determined by cephalometric analysis. This
      good occlusal scheme programmes the muscle coordination and maintains the
      anterior mandibular position.

PMID- 390702
TI  - [Maxillofacial surgery. Excerpts of the 1978 literature].

PMID- 390700
TI  - [Endodontics--a literature review. Continuation of part II].
AB  - A survey of physical and biological properties of well-known root canal filling
      materials are discussed and the following conclusions were drawn: --No root canal
      filling material fulfils all requirements of an ideal sealer. Those materials,
      which perfectly seal the root canal and also show minimal periradicular tissur
      reaction, are recommended in Endodontics. --During setting time, all sealers are
      more or less toxic to the periradicular tissue. Materials which contain
      paraformaldehyde and lead exhibit a strong and persistent toxicity. --The tissue
      reaction of root canal filling materials is only slight when the root canal is
      underfilled. Ideally, in vital cases, the root canal should be filled to the
      dentine-cemental junction (approx. 1 mm short of the apex), in necrotic cases to
      the apical foramen. --Neither a root canal cement nor a guttapercha cone will
      perfectly seal a root canal alone. The combination of the two materials is
      recommended. --Silver cones are indicated only in narrow, tortuous canals. -
      Success of root canal therapy depends on various factors, primarily however on
      thorough root canal debridement.

PMID- 390703
TI  - [Composite splinting of extracted teeth].

PMID- 390704
TI  - [Dr. Arnold Gaerny 1914-1979].

PMID- 390705
TI  - [Tissue induction and mucogingival surgery: a review of the literature].
AB  - Most of the investigations reviewed in the present paper show that the connective
      tissue has an inductive potential upon epithelial differentiation. As for the
      investigations showing an epithelial predetermination, one must admit that they
      have been limited to particular tissue systems (for instance feathers and hairs)
      and that they could imply errors of manipulation or interpretation. As stated by
      Gilette: "Mesenchyme as the determinant is the favorite today, but perhaps only
      because experiments to demonstrate the opposite would be harder to assess"
      (Gilette, 1971). On the clinical point of view, one could draw an important
      conclusion from these investigations: at the present time, only the free or
      pedicle mucosal grafts including epithelium and connective tissue, or only
      connective tissue, are indicated to obtain a satisfactory increase of the width
      of attached gingiva.

PMID- 390706
TI  - [Material found on the cleaned diamond turbine drilling heads after injury
      cases].
AB  - Grinding of the hard tissues of the teeth with diamond points and airotor led to
      bullet-like flying off of part of the instrument. The causes were investigated:
      Unsatisfactory fixation in the turbine head, deficient material in the rotating
      instrument, unnecessary notches in the shaft resulting in reduction of diameter,
      and finally the so far uncorrected radial vibration of the rotating instrument.
      All of these causes may result in plastic deformation or breakage of the points.

PMID- 390707
TI  - [Dental examination of skulls of the early Middle Ages in Bial-Mett].
AB  - A systematic dental examination was made on 43 skulls from the 6th/7th and
      8th/9th centuries which were excavated by the archeological service of the canton
      of Berne in the church of Biel-Mett. The examination consisted of the following
      parameters: Count, loss of teeth, caries (instrumental and radiological),
      calculus deposits, bone loss. The skulls were classified after age and compared
      with other findings. Generally speaking the results were comparable to findings
      of other excavations, but they are more detailed owing to more exact methods of
      examination. CONCLUSIONS: The examined population had lost about 23% of their
      teeth, had a relatively high caries incidence (30%) and a high caries morbidity.
      Most of the individuals had suffered from periodontal disease. High abrasion
      values point to the abrasive food then consumed.

PMID- 390709
TI  - [Check list for fitting gold castings].

PMID- 390708
TI  - [Crown and bridge prosthetics. Review of the literature in 1978].

PMID- 390711
TI  - Endocrine pancreas: three-dimensional reconstruction shows two types of islets of
      langerhans.
AB  - Three-dimensional reconstructions of islets of Langerhans, based on
      immunofluorescent staining of successive serial sections with antiserums to
      insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide reveal a marked
      difference in the number of cells containing glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide
      depending on the anatomical location of the islet in the pancreas. The two types
      of islets are situated in regions of exocrine tissue that are drained by
      different excretory ducts. This demonstration contradicts the assumption that all
      islets in the pancreas are similar in their endocrine cell content.

PMID- 390710
TI  - Microscopic and submicroscopic studies on the peripheral nerve and the skeletal
      muscle of the female. cadaver found in the Han Tomb No.1.
AB  - The present paper deals with the microscopic and submicroscopic structures of the
      peripheral nerve of the lumbar plexus and the skeletal muscle of the m. psoas
      major of the ancient female cadaver buried about 2100 years ago, which was
      excavated from the Han Tomb No. 1 at Mawangdui (Mawangtui) near Changsha, Hunan
      Province. The connective tissues in the peripheral nerve and the skeletal muscle
      of the ancient cadaver were found well preserved. Under the electron microscope
      were observed the characteristic periodic bands of the collagenous fibrils as
      well as some axons and degenerated myelin sheath in the lumbar plexus. And in
      some of the better preserved nerve fibers, their axons and myelin sheaths are
      readily discernible. In the m. psoas major, cross striations are clearly visible
      in some muscle fibers. The remains of a blood vessel with only their connective
      tissues left were observed in the nerve of the lumbar plexus. Bacterial spores
      appeared in the two tissues.

PMID- 390712
TI  - Factor VIII (antihemophilic globulin).

PMID- 390713
TI  - Factor IX complex.

PMID- 390714
TI  - [Parturition disorders].

PMID- 390715
TI  - Shelf reconstruction for hip dysplasia.
AB  - Shelf reconstruction of the hip has been successful in 12 patients, with an
      average of 14 years' follow-up. Revision has been done in two to again give
      relief of pain and continued stability. Average age at the time of oepration was
      20 years.

PMID- 390716
TI  - Bacteriologic considerations in perforated necrotizing enterocolitis.
AB  - During a ten-year period, 61 infants with perforated necrotizing enterocolitis
      were managed by bowel resection, enterostomy, and intravenous antibiotics.
      Aerobic and anaerobic cultures were taken of venous blood, from the peritoneal
      cavity at operation, and of any subsequent wound and/or intraperitoneal
      infection. No significant differences between fatal and nonfatal cases were noted
      with respect to presence of anaerobes in the peritoneal flora (six babies with
      two deaths) or culture-confirmed bacteremia (73% of the total). However,
      peritonitis participated in by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ten babies), or beta
      hemolytic streptococcus (five babies) was -niformly lethal, as were complicating
      bacteremias due to P aeruginosa, beta-hemolytic streptococcus, and Staphylococcus
      aureus (two each). Anaerobic peritoneal isolates (all gram-positive cocci) were
      never noted if performation occurred before the eighth day of life; they did not
      appear to adversely affect survival. Based upon these data, antibiotic therapy
      should include either gentamicin or tobramycin, with penicillin, until subsequent
      culture reports dictate otherwise.

PMID- 390717
TI  - Evaluation and treatment of urinary candidiasis.
AB  - The incidence of genitourinary fungal infections is increasing, and because of
      their lethal potential, early diagnosis and treatment is mandatory. Candida is
      the most common urinary fungus and is manifest as renal involvement from systemic
      candidiasis, primary renal candidiasis, bezoar formation, cystitis, and as
      asymptomatic candiduria. The clinical status of the patient, serial urine
      cultures, excretory urogram, and serum candidal titers help to differentiate
      between the various disease states. Treatment is specific and is based on the
      clinical manifestation of the disease. Systemic candidiasis is treated with
      intravenous amphotericin. Fungal bezoars are best treated with oral flucytosine,
      ureteral and renal irrigation with amphotericin and, occasionally, operation.
      Cystitis is treated with oral flucytosine or amphoteric bladder irrigations.
      Asymptomatic candiduria is left untreated. A systematized evaluation and
      treatment regimen is presented.

PMID- 390718
TI  - Polycystic kidney disease: diagnosis and management.

PMID- 390719
TI  - Blood transfusion in the South before the War Between the States.

PMID- 390721
TI  - Myocardial abscess and fatal sepsis caused by group B streptococcus (S
      agalactiae) in an adult.

PMID- 390720
TI  - Eponym: Theodor Billroth: success with sutures and strings.

PMID- 390722
TI  - Acute massive intravascular hemolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
AB  - Two cases of acute intravascular hemolysis complicating acute disseminated
      intravascular coagulation were presented, one after normal delivery and the other
      after group A beta hemolytic streptococcal septicemia complicating acute
      myelomonoblastic leukemia. Neither case received heparin therapy. The first one
      survived while the latter succumbed. Intravascular hemolysis may not be a bad
      prognostic sign in such a condition.

PMID- 390723
TI  - Exchange transfusion in cerebral malaria complicated by disseminated
      intravascular coagulation.
AB  - A patient with cerebral malaria complicated by full-blown DIC, after failing to
      respond to other forms of treatment, was successfully treated by exchange
      transfusion. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this may be first reported
      case of full-blown DIC in malaria successfully treated by exchange transfusion.

PMID- 390724
TI  - Bleeding diathesis in tropical diseases.

PMID- 390725
TI  - [Community participation in the organization of health protection for children in
      Bashkiria in the 1st decade of Soviet power].

PMID- 390726
TI  - [Dekabrists and public health medicine].

PMID- 390728
TI  - [N. A. Semashko memorial in Dnepropetrovski].

PMID- 390727
TI  - [Physician prisoners in Petropavlovsk Fortress].

PMID- 390729
TI  - [Aleksandr Abramovich Grando (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 390730
TI  - [Use of computers for the differential diagnosis of ulcer and certain forms of
      stomach cancer].

PMID- 390732
TI  - [Blood preservation].

PMID- 390731
TI  - [Clinical and x-ray signs of cancer of the large intestine (a statistical
      analysis by computer)].

PMID- 390733
TI  - [Chemotherapy of lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 390734
TI  - Diamond jubilee medicine. The medical world of 1897 and 1898 seen in the pages of
      the South African Medical Journal.

PMID- 390735
TI  - [The Medical Faculty of the University of Cape Town].

PMID- 390736
TI  - A brief history of the Medical Faculty, University of Cape Town.
AB  - Outstanding events in the history of the Medical School, University of Cape Town,
      include the establishment of a full faculty in 1920, the move of the teaching
      departments from the Gardens to Observatory in 1926/1928, the opening of the
      Groote Schuur Hospital in 1938, the signing of the joint agreement with the Cape
      Provincial Administration in 1951, and the tremendous growth and research
      activities since that time.

PMID- 390737
TI  - The pathology of human cardiac transplantation: an assessment after 11 years'
      experience at Groote Schuur Hospital.
AB  - Over a period of 11 years, commencing in December 1967, 31 cardiac transplants,
      10 orthotopic and 21 heterotopic, were performed at Groote Schuur Hospital. Two
      patients with orthotopic transplants have a long survival, 1 for 7 1/2 and 1 for
      9 1/2 years, and 1 with a heterotopic transplant for 4 years. Eighteen patients
      have died, and autopsy was performed from 13 to 623 days postoperatively.
      Rejection of the donor heart was found in 61,1% and was the cause of death in
      44,4% of cases. Infection, attributable to immunosuppression, was a common
      finding and consisted of extensive pneumonia, usually due to Klebsiella aerogenes
      and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (38,8%), herpesvirus infection (38,8%), cytomegalic
      virus infection (37,5%), aspergillosis and other opportunistic infections. A
      combination of cardiac rejection and infection accounted for most of the deaths.
      The cardinal microscopic features of acute rejection were interstitial
      lymphocytic infiltration and myocytolysis, while chronic rejection was typified
      by obliterative myo-intimal proliferation of coronary arteries, with concurrent
      lipid deposition in the major coronary arteries. These lesions resembled
      atherosclerosis and caused graft failure due to myocardial ischaemia.
      Ultrastructurally, severe myofibre damage was reflected in extensive loss of
      cytoplasmic myofilaments. The advantages of heterotopic over orthotopic
      transplantation are discussed.

PMID- 390738
TI  - The director of nursing service: a participant in top management.

PMID- 390740
TI  - Dissolution of gallstones--when and how?
AB  - Availability of bile acid therapy for gallstone dissolution adds another
      therapeutic choice for treatment of gallstone disease. Because dissolution is
      slow and eventual outcome uncertain, surgery remains the treatment of choice for
      most patients who have experienced symptoms clearly related to their gallstones.
      Patients with only dyspeptic or no gastrointestinal symptoms, especially if
      significant associated cardiac or pulmonary disease exists, may be candidates for
      bile acid therapy with chenodeoxycholic acid or its 7-beta epimer,
      ursodeoxycholic acid, when available. Fifty to 75 per cent of patients, depending
      on individual criteria, may anticipate complete dissolution. Radiolucent
      gallstones and gallbladder opacification are basic requirements for
      cholelitholytic therapy. Periodic assessment of laboratory parameters is
      necessary at routine visits and when unexpected symptoms occur. In a few
      patients, evidence of obstructive gallstone disease will develop during bile acid
      therapy and surgery will be required. The value of bild acid therapy for the
      relief of dyspeptic symptoms, the role of bile analysis, and optimal long-term
      therapy remain to be established.

PMID- 390739
TI  - Gastrointestinal fiberoptic endoscopy. Diagnostic and therapeutic aspects.

PMID- 390741
TI  - Angiography in chronic/recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding: a nine year study.
AB  - Undiagnosed chronic/recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding, as defined, is a severe
      problem to those afflicted, both physically and psychologically as well as
      socioeconomically. During the past nine years, 60 such patients received
      aortography and panvisceral arteriography (that is, celiac, superior mesenteric,
      and inferior mesenteric arteriography) in a search for the lesions that may be
      responsible for the bleeding. Results of angiography were "positive" in 26
      patients for a diagnostic yield of 43 per cent. Fifteen of the 26 patients with
      positive angiographic findings demonstrated arteriovenous malformations of the
      gastrointestinal tract. Two separate lesions were identified in three patients.
      This series is compared with other published series of angiography for chronic
      gastrointestinal bleeding. One difference from the other series is the
      demonstration of three patients with arteriovenous malformation of the gastric
      antrum. The diagnostic angiographic features of this condition are presented,
      along with the interestng finding of etat mammelonne in two of the three
      patients. Another difference from the other series is the demonstration of four
      arteriovenous malformations involving the left side of the colon, whereas other
      series report none in this location. One possible explanation for this
      descrepancy is our routine use of inferior mesenteric arteriography in all cases
      of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. Ten arteriovenous malformations of the
      colon are reported along with a review of the angiographic diagnostic features in
      this condition. The precise incidence of false-positive and false-negative
      diagnoses is unknown since surgery was not performed on all patients. However,
      each patient studied represented a total failure, by traditional diagnostic
      studies, to determine the cause of bleeding. The incidence of positive findings
      with angiography (43 per cent) in patients with undiagnosed chronic/recurrent
      gastrointestinal bleeding is sufficient to encourage the continued use of
      panvisceral arteriography in this condition.

PMID- 390742
TI  - The use of carcinoembryonic antigen in the clinical management of colorectal
      cancer.
AB  - Measurement of plasma levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, though not infrequently
      helpful in the mangement of patients with colorectal cancer, has serious
      limitations in terms of specificity and sensitivity. Many benign conditions may
      cause elevations of carcinoembryonic antigen, and even far advanced metastatic
      large bowel cancer may be associated with normal levels. Major treatment
      decisions should rarely, if ever, be based on plasma levels of carcinoembryonic
      antigen alone. Studies are currently underway to assess the value of serial
      levels of carcinoembryonic antigen in the early detection of recurrent disease
      with the hope of identifying patients who might be cured by secondary resections.

PMID- 390743
TI  - Surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux.
AB  - Most investigators agree that the most important goal in correcting
      gastroesophageal reflux is restoring or developing a competent lower esophageal
      sphincter. Although the sphincter can be incompetent in its normal intra
      abdominal position and rarely a patient may have a competent sphincter in the
      thorax, generally the sphincter is much more effective in the positive pressure
      abdominal position. The choice of operative technique will depend upon the
      abnormal conditions present and the general condition of the patient. The
      thoracic approach is elected if there is associated intrathoracic disease
      warranting surgical correction, such as diffuse spasm of the esophagus,
      achalasia, epiphrenic diverticulum, or a pulmonary lesion requiring biopsy and
      possible resection. Very obese patients, patients with recurrent hernias, and
      patients with shortened esophagus are better managed by the thoracic approach.
      Patients with an essentially normal esophagus are treated with a Mark IV Belsey
      procedure. If shortening of the esophagus is present, a combination Collis-Nissen
      technique with fixation below the diaphragm is preferable. The abdominal approach
      is indicated when there is another intraabdominal disease known or suspected
      warranting surgical correction. This approach is also useful for the thin or poor
      risk patient. Usually, through an abdominal incision, we elect to use a modified
      Nissen fundoplication, with fixation of the fundoplication to the median arcuate
      ligament or the right crus of the diaphragm. The crural sling is returned to
      normal dimensions with interrupted sutures. Reflux in the absence of an hiatal
      hernia initially is treated medically. If symptoms are significant and
      intractable, a competent lower esophageal sphincter is restored, or developed by
      the modified Nissen procedure just described. Most reflux strictures at the
      esophagogastric junction are reversible by dilatation and restoration of a
      competent sphincter. Firm, fixed, fibrous strictures occasionally cannot be
      safely dilated. These may be managed by a Thal procedure to correct the stricture
      and a Nissen fundoplication to prevent recurrent reflux.

PMID- 390744
TI  - Cimetidine in the management of peptic ulcer disease.

PMID- 390745
TI  - Gangrene of the bowel.

PMID- 390746
TI  - Gastrointestinal complications of vascular surgery.

PMID- 390747
TI  - Perioperative prophylactic antibiotics in abdominal surgery. A review of recent
      progress.

PMID- 390748
TI  - Parietal cell vagotomy. A gimmick or a dream come true?

PMID- 390749
TI  - William Beecher Scoville.

PMID- 390750
TI  - Murray Alexander Falconer.

PMID- 390751
TI  - Clinical evaluation of long-term epidural monitoring of intracranial pressure.
AB  - Forty-two epidural sensors for measuring intracranial pressure were implanted in
      38 patients over the last four years. The sensor is a passive device consisting
      of an inductance and a pressure sensitive capacitance resonant at about 50
      megahertz. The study involved 17 cases of hydrocephalus, nine of pseudotumor
      cerebri, and the remainder included cases of cranial trauma, brain tumors, and
      aneurysms. Four of the sensors failed in patients and were removed. Two of these
      had to be replaced to continue the pressure monitoring. The intracranial pressure
      is still being monitored in 22 patients, while 15 have been lost to follow-up for
      various reasons. Fourteen patients have been followed for about a year, and four
      for two years. The baseline drift rate in most sensors is between 1 and 2 mm H2O
      per day, with a few having greater rates of drift. Calibration errors were found
      in some of the sensors after implantation. These errors were corrected by direct
      measurement of the cerebral spinal fluid pressure via lumbar puncture. The
      sensors have proven to be a valuable adjunct in the management and diagnosis of
      neurosurgical patients by simplifying the intermittent and continuous recording
      of intracranial pressure. This was so despite the presence of calibration errors
      and a drift which necessitated an occasional lumbar puncture for making
      corrections.

PMID- 390752
TI  - Adverse external ocular effects of topical ophthalmic medications.
AB  - Medical and pharmacologic research of recent years has led to the development of
      many potent and efficacious topical ophthalmic medications. Unfortunately, many
      of these drugs are potentially toxic or allergenic, and their adverse effects
      have themselves become important external ocular diseases. This paper presents a
      classification of these adverse effects and provides a review of their etiology,
      pathogenesis, histopathology, diagnosis, and management. It is hoped that this
      information will be helpful to ophthalmologists in their efforts to anticipate,
      prevent, recognize, and treat drug-induced ocular problems and that it will serve
      to emphasize the importance of avoiding the ill-considered use of medications.

PMID- 390753
TI  - Subclavian and innominate artery trauma. A five-year experience with 17 patients.

PMID- 390754
TI  - Valentine Mott.

PMID- 390755
TI  - Renal artery stenosis after machine preservation and transplantation of cadaver
      kidneys.

PMID- 390756
TI  - [Children's ways of expression. 3. Children's drawings, a way of expression we
      can learn to understand].

PMID- 390757
TI  - Pierre Adolphe Piorry (1794-1879): pioneer of percussion and pleximetry.
AB  - Piorry was born in Poitiers on 31 December 1794. As a medical student he served
      in the Napoleonic war in Spain. His teachers in medicine included Corvisart,
      Bayle, Broussais, and Magendie; he qualified in 1816 with an MD thesis: "On the
      danger of reading medical text books by the laity"! Laennec's invention of the
      stethoscope (1816) and De l' Auscultation Mediate (1819) inspired Piorry to make
      an analogous contribution to the technique of percussion (which had been
      originally described by Auenbrugger in his Inventum Novum in 1761 and translated
      from the Latin into French by Corvisart in 1808). This led to Piorry's invention
      in 1826 of the pleximeter (le plessimetre) to help outline the internal organs
      (l'organographisme), which he described inDe la Percussion Mediate (1828). Piorry
      became renowned as a professor of medicine in many of the great Parisian
      hospitals (Charite, Pitie, and Hotel Dieux). In 1832 he was appointed to
      L'Hospice de la Salpetriere, where he held a famous course of clinical lectures.
      He wrote prolificly on many aspects of medicine and published more than twenty
      books. He was, in addition, a poet of some distinction, and wrote a remarkable
      long poem Dieu, L'Ame et la Nature (1853). Piorry held his neologisms-for
      example, toxin, toxaemia, septicaemia, etc.-are still in use. This, together with
      the mixed reception that his advocacy of pleximetry received from his medical
      contemporaries, made him a controversial figure. He died on 29 May 1879.

PMID- 390758
TI  - Subunit and macromolecular structure of circulating fibrin from obstetric
      patients with intravascular coagulation.

PMID- 390759
TI  - Ionophore A 23187 and thrombasthenic platelets : a model for dissociating
      serotonin release and thromboxane formation from true aggregation.

PMID- 390760
TI  - Familial deficiency of a plasma factor stimulating vascular prostacyclin
      activity.

PMID- 390761
TI  - Hemocoagulation disorders in kidney allotransplants, caused by preformed
      antirenal antibodies.

PMID- 390762
TI  - Uncontrolled PGI2 production by whole vessel wall segments due to thrombin
      generation in vivo and its prevention by heparin.

PMID- 390763
TI  - [Hereditary lysosomal storage diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - The literature on hereditary lysosomal storage diseases occurring in man and
      various domestic animals is reviewed. These forms of disease are usually
      recessively autosomally heritable and are reflected in partial or total
      deficiency of a lysosomal enzyme, resulting in accumulation of metabolites. The
      majority of these lysosomal storage diseases show a predilection for localization
      in the nervous system. As a rule, the main clinical features are neurological
      symptoms. The first symptoms are usually observed at an early age and the disease
      is marked by the fact that it is familial in character. Heterozygotes may be
      identified by controlled haematological studies in a number of these diseases. In
      domestic animals, these forms of disease may serve as models for human pathology
      and some may be of economic importance, such as mannosidosis of Angus cattle in
      New Zealand and GM1 gangliosidosis of Friesian cattle in Ireland.

PMID- 390764
TI  - [An 'outbreak' of Klebsiella mastitis].

PMID- 390765
TI  - [Reduction of the number of tetracycline-resistant strains of Salmonella in the
      Netherlands (author's transl)].
AB  - Since 1974, tetracycline resistance in salmonellae of human and porcine origin
      has decreased nation-wide in the Netherlands. This decrease had coincided with
      the ban on incorporation of tetracycline in animal feeds for growth-promotion.

PMID- 390766
TI  - Liver extract mediated mutagenicity of acrylonitrile.
AB  - The mutagenic activity of acrylonitrile vapours towards Salmonella typhimurium
      strains strictly depends upon the presence of a liver postmitochondrial fraction.
      The reversion rate varies according to the animal species from which the S9
      fraction is obtained as well as to the pretreatment of the animals. The
      comparatively weak activating effect of the microsomal fraction and the inability
      of both SKF525A and carbon monoxide to inhibit the S9 mediated mutagenicity of
      acrylonitrile (ACN) suggest that the cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases do
      not play a major role in the metabolic activation of ACN into a mutagenic
      intermediate (s).

PMID- 390769
TI  - Improved imprinting technique for study of plant tissues.
AB  - The exposed surface of plant tissues is coated with nail varnish. When peeled
      off, the transparent coating film bears a replica imprint of the tissue.
      Transparent adhesive tape is used for lifting the film imprint and mounting it on
      a microslide without curling. By a similar method, an opaque sealant replica with
      an aluminum foil support may be prepared which can serve as a mold for obtaining
      a transparent secondary imprint useful for light microscopic studies. The
      replicas can be stored like herbarium specimens for future use.

PMID- 390768
TI  - Polystyrene embedding: a new method for light and electron microscopy.
AB  - Polystyrene embedments of histological specimens can be obtained with a solution
      of 1:14 polystyrene-toluene, 5% benzyl alcohol and 1% dibutyl phthalate, allowing
      the solvent to evaporate in polyethylene containers for 2-3 days at 58 C. The
      resulting blocks are easily cut into truncated pyramids, each containing a piece
      of tissue, which are then glued to a Plexiglas support. Drying is completed at 80
      C for 20 hr. The pyramids can then be sectioned to produce thick sections with a
      steel knife or to produce semi- or ultrathin sections with a glass knife. A 10%
      paraldehyde solution is used to mount the light microscopy sections on a slide
      heated on a hot plate to 80 C; these can be treated with the same techniques used
      with paraffin sections. The results are of high quality. Semithin sections of
      tissues fixed for electron microscopy can be stained directly after mounting, or
      by a wider range of stains once the polystyrene has been removed by organic
      solvents. In electron microscopy, the ultrathin sections obtained with the usual
      techniques are highly electron beam-resistant and given acceptable results.

PMID- 390767
TI  - Pharmacology, toxicology and degradation of endosulfan A review.
AB  - This report presents a review of literature on organochlorine insecticide of the
      cyclodiene type endosulfan, which has been employed extensively for agricultural,
      domestic and public health purposes. It summarizes information on nomenclature
      and chemistry, metabolism and toxicity in mammals, birds, fishes and insects,
      degradation and metabolism in plants along with brief reference to the
      degradation in water and light. Unfortunately, because of lack of knowledge, a
      precise statement, in regard to the ecological implications and the quantitites
      of endosulfan now being used, is not possible at this time.

PMID- 390770
TI  - Graded differential photoreceptor orientation: ramifications for ultramicrotomy
      of retina.
AB  - When sectioning small blocks of tissue from the retina of the eye, it is
      sometimes difficult to obtain sections which simultaneously cut squarely across
      the inner retinal layers and are on the long axis of the photoreceptors. This
      difficulty is, at least partially, due to the fact that the receptors tilt
      progressively relative to the tangent to the retinal curve at progressively more
      peripheral loci. Consideration of the graded differential orientation of the
      receptors indicates that, in order for the section to be simultaneously coaxial
      with the receptors and the inner retinal layers, the plane of the section must be
      parallel to and include the anterior-posterior axis of the eye, as is the case
      when the whole eye is sectioned through its center. It is illustrated that this
      criterion can be met for small blocks of retina if the block is excised along a
      parallel of the eye and the plane of section is perpendicular to the tangent to
      the retinal curve and the parallel. An approach which accomplishes this is
      described. Theoretical analysis suggests that distortion of apparent size of
      structures in the retina can become significant within a few degrees of the
      posterior pole if this condition is not met.

PMID- 390771
TI  - A method for uniform polymerization of large blocks of chondro-osseous tissue
      embedded in glycol methacrylate.

PMID- 390772
TI  - Method for processing large thin specimens for paraffin embedding.

PMID- 390774
TI  - [Obituary for Prof. Dr. E. Zdansky].

PMID- 390773
TI  - Preventing distortion of tooth bud matrices in thawing cryostat sections.

PMID- 390775
TI  - [Investigations on combined injuries, 26th communication: investigations on the
      changes in the state of resistance following sublethal whole-body irradiation
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The risk of a bacterial invasion by pseudomonas, e. coli, proteus, citrobacter
      and gaffkya via an open skin wound was investigated in combined injured mice
      (infliction of a skin wound and irradiations). Suspensions of different bacterial
      strains were applied on the wound and then the lethality was determined. Besides
      of apathogenic (citrobacter, proteus, gaffkya) and high pathogenic bacteria (e.
      coli and pseudomonas) an e. coli strain of the 0-Group 81 was found that seems to
      induce a decrease of lethality even after sublethal whole body irradiation.

PMID- 390777
TI  - Serum hormone levels during a post-implantation LH-RH induced luteolysis in the
      rat.
AB  - Daily administration of LH-RH (100 micrograms sc at 0900 and 1500 h) to rats over
      day 7-12 (D7-12) of pregnancy induced reovulation by D9 and a sustained decrease
      in uterine:fetal weight and vaginal bleeding by 0600 h on D10 of pregnancy. Serum
      hormone levels determined at 0600, 1200, and 2000 h over D7-12 of pregnancy
      revealed that luteinizing hormone (LH) was significantly elevated after each
      administration of LH-RH, while prolactin (PRL) was not significantly altered in
      any systematic fashion. An acute decline in serum progesterone at 2000 h on D7-9
      following LH-RH administration was not sustained until after 0600 h on D10 when
      serum 20 alpha-dihydroprogesterone (20 alpha-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, 20 alpha
      DHP) in LH-RH treated animals rose significantly above control (2000 h, D10) and
      remained elevated throughout D11-12. Progesterone and 20 alpha-DHP values were
      reflected morphologically after D10 as the corpora lutea of LH-RH treated rats
      underwent luteolysis. A peak in serum estradiol levels in control animals was
      observed at 0600 h on D9. Serum estradiol-17 beta levels in LH-RH treated animals
      were similar to control except at 2000 h on D8 and D12 when LH-RH induced a
      significant increase. These observations suggest that subsequent to implantation
      in the rat, the temporal sequence of a decrease in progesterone secretion,
      luteolysis and pregnancy failure in response to LH-RH does not result from an
      increase in estradiol secretion attendant to reovulation.

PMID- 390776
TI  - [Functional and histological findings of the islets of Langerhans in mice after
      fractioned telecobalt irradiations with tumor doses (author's transl)].

PMID- 390778
TI  - Enzyme immunoassay of testosterone in plasma, with use of polyethylene glycol to
      separate antibody-bound and free hormone.
AB  - We describe an enzyme immunoassay for testosterone in which we use a testosterone
      3-(carboxymethyl)oxime horseradish peroxidase conjugate as the label and an
      antiserum, raised in rabbits, to testosterone-3-(carboxymethyl)oxime-bovine serum
      albumin conjugate. Polyethylene glycol (Carbowax 6000) is used to separate
      antibody-bound and free steroid. The assay has a sensitivity of 12 pg/assay tube
      and satisfies the usual criteria of specificity, precision and accuracy. The
      results agree well with those obtained with a comparable radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 390779
TI  - [Materials testing demonstration of the suitability of a viscous plastic silicone
      elastomer for long-term functional impressions].
AB  - Comparative laboratory tests with elastomers as well as clinical trials showed
      that the visco-elastic silicone elastomer "Stefanat zahplastisch" (manufacturer:
      VEB Arzneimittelwerk Dresden, Leipziger Arzneimittelwerk) is suited for long-term
      dynamic impression. It is necessary to use a special, exactly dosed cross-linking
      agent and to apply the reactive material carefully.

PMID- 390780
TI  - [Evaluation of Berlin jacket crowns compared with plastic or ceramic jacket
      crowns].
AB  - 34 jacket crowns of ceramic material, of plastic and of a combination plastic
      ceramic material (Berlin jacket crowns), respectively, were clinically re
      examined using a uniform scoring scale. The results obtained show that the Berlin
      jacket crowns can be ranked between the ceramic jacket crowns and the plastic
      jacket crowns.

PMID- 390781
TI  - [The model-cast immediate denture--a means for the treatment of patients with
      periodontal diseases].
AB  - The authors describe a method of immediate prosthetic care by means of a model
      cast denture. It is mainly indicated for periodontally diseased dentitions which
      will thus be treated immediately, optimally and rationally.

PMID- 390782
TI  - Bernard Berelson. 2 June 1912-25 September 1979. A personal appreciation.

PMID- 390783
TI  - Allograft viability determined by enzyme analysis.
AB  - Enzymatic analysis of the venous effluent of ischemically injured kidney failed
      to predict accurately the ability of an isochemically injured kidney to support
      life. Postoperative serum assay of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) is of value in the
      assessment of the functional status of the kidney and correlates with response of
      the rejection episode to immunosuppression. However, by itself it cannot be a
      sole guide to withholding of therapy. Successful treatment is associated with a
      decline in LDH level, and failure to return to base line serves as a guide to
      irreversibility of the rejection reaction.

PMID- 390784
TI  - Use of antithymocyte globulin for reversal of acute allograft rejection.

PMID- 390785
TI  - Role of perfusate protein concentration in the protection of acute post
      transplant renal failure during hypothermic pulsatile perfusion. Experimental
      observations.

PMID- 390786
TI  - Role of pancreatic duct ligation for segmental pancreas autotransplantation.
      Experimental studies.

PMID- 390787
TI  - Effect of blood transfusions on survival of cadaver and living related renal
      transplants.
AB  - The effect of blood transfusion was analyzed in 194 first cadaver renal
      transplants and 86 living related renal transplants. The association of blood
      transfusion with HLA genotyping and poor risk recipients was analyzed. Exclusion
      of poor risk recipients improved graft survival among the transfused group of
      patients but not in the small subgroup of nontransfused recipients. No effect of
      blood transfusion was observed in the living related group. Improved graft
      survival was observed in both the haplotype-matched and nonhaplotype-matched
      transfused cadaver recipients. The haplotype-transfused recipients had grafts
      survival rates of 69 and 66% at 1 and 2 years, respectively. The greatest
      beneficial effect was seen in the double haplotype-transfused cadaver recipients
      with graft survival rates of 80 and 71% for the same period. The lack of
      beneficial effect of transfusion in the living related patients is felt to be a
      result of the fact that the maximum effect had already been achieved by a far
      superior donor-recipient histocompatibility than is able to be achieved in a
      large group of cadaver recipients.

PMID- 390788
TI  - Intraperitoneal transplantation of immediately vascularized segmental pancreatic
      grafts without duct ligation. A clinical trial.

PMID- 390789
TI  - Selective lymphoid irradiation. II. Comparison with total-body irradiation on
      cardiac allograft survival in rats.

PMID- 390790
TI  - Are the native kidneys responsible for erythrocytosis in renal allorecipients?
AB  - The development of erythrocytosis following renal transplantation has been
      reported to be caused by a number of factors. These include acute and chronic
      rejection, hydronephrosis and renal artery stenosis. In this study, seven
      patients were noted to have erythrocytosis with hematocrits ranging between 53.5
      and 66%. Serum erythropoietin levels were elevated and ranged between 11 and 60
      mU/ml with a mean of 31.9 mU/ml in six of seven patients. Selective
      catheterization of veins of native and transplanted kidneys in three patients
      revealed mean serum levels of 40.9 and 13.0 mU/ml, respectively. This suggests
      that excess erythropoietin is being produced from the diseased native kidneys.
      Bilateral nephrectomy in one patient cured erythrocytosis and dropped systemic
      levels of erythropoietin (EP) to 6.1 mU/ml. In four of the remaining five
      patients, hematocrits came down spontaneously to within normal over a 1- to 3
      year period. Consequently, it appears that in a number of transplant patients the
      retained diseased kidneys, having lost all excretory and concentrating function,
      may remain capable of functioning as endocrine erythropoietin-producing organs.

PMID- 390791
TI  - Bacteriology of vaginal discharge in Sudanese women.

PMID- 390792
TI  - Hydramnios and filariasis.

PMID- 390793
TI  - [Metabolism of proliferating and resting cells].
AB  - This review concerns the modern trends and experimental approaches to the study
      of cell cycle (cell population kinetics, cell structure and functions at various
      steps of the cycle,, etc.) and their input into the current views of cell
      proliferation controls. The resting state of the cell is considered and metabolic
      features of proliferating and resting cells are compared. Evidence is presented
      that resting cells are metabolically active and less resistant to the damaging
      factors that it has been previously supposed. The importance of this finding for
      biology and medicine, especially for cancer chemotherapy, is discussed.

PMID- 390794
TI  - [Cytochemical and biochemical determination of  acid phosphatase activity in
      yeasts].
AB  - Optimal conditions of the cytochemical assay for acid phosphatase in protoplasts
      and whole cells of S. cerevisiae have been described. Dimethyl sulfoxide was used
      to increase the permeability of the yeast cell envelope. In the yeast cells,
      grown up to the end of the exponential phase, acid phosphatase is shown to be
      located mainly in the central vacuole and on the cell envelope surface. A
      considerable activity of acid phosphatase is demonstrable on the surface of the
      plasma membrane and within adjacent vesicles that represent, presumably, part of
      the endoplasmic reticulum. Acid phosphatase can be considered as a marker enzyme
      for yeast cell vacuoles.

PMID- 390795
TI  - [Polyploidizing mitoses and the biological meaning of polyploidy in liver cells].
AB  - The ontogenetic polyploidization of hepatocytes is regarded, within which normal
      mitoses are changed to polyploidizing mitoses, and diploid hepatocytes transform
      into polyploid mono- and binuclear cells. A new hypothesis is put forward of the
      biological significance of the liver cell polyploidy. The hypothesis takes into
      account a high level of spontaneous chromosomal aberrations in mitotic
      hepatocytes. The chromosome structural changes interfere with mitosis resulting
      in the chromosomal imbalance. Polyploidy bestows for hepatocytes a tolerance
      towards a chromosomal imbalance. Some implications of the hypothesis are
      discussed: unbalanced genome of hepatocytes after the treatment with mutagens and
      mitotic stimulators; the reasons of liver cell polyploidy differences in
      mammalian species; mechanisms of radioresistance of hepatocytes. Chromosomal
      imbalance of polyploid hepatocytes is assumed to be the basis for wome chronic
      liver diseases in man.

PMID- 390796
TI  - Bancroftian filariasis in Egypt.

PMID- 390797
TI  - Tuberculosis in renal transplant patients.

PMID- 390798
TI  - High-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) treatment in advanced breast cancer.
      A review.
AB  - Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) when employed at high doses (greater than or
      equal to 500 greater than or equal to 1000 mg/day i.m.) can produce objective
      remission with improved survival in about 30% of postmenopausal women with
      advanced breast cancer resistant to cytotoxic drugs and endocrine therapies. When
      administered to women not previously treated with chemotherapy, the objective
      remission response rate reached 40%. From available evidence, high dose MPA can
      be considered a useful agent in the treatment of advanced breast cancer in
      postmenopausal women with soft tissue, pulmonary, pleural or osseous involvement
      even when patients have become refractory to prior hormone and cytotoxic
      therapies. Early results suggest that the response rate can be increased in
      patients with estrogen and/or progesterone-positive receptors. It is note worthy
      that in a study conducted on postmenopausal women resistant to cytotoxic and/or
      hormonal drugs, the median duration of survival was 13.5 months, while CRs plus
      PRs did not reach the median at 24 months after starting MPA treatment. High dose
      MPA is essentially devoid of major side effects. Relief of pain, increase in
      appetite and body weight, and sense of well being are characteristic features of
      the improved quality of life under MPA treatment. However, a gluteal abscess
      (from 2% to 20% dose related) is the most frequent side effect. A promising area
      for future studies is combined therapy using hormonal and cytotoxic agents or
      alternating sequential combinations. Well-designed studies are needed to develop
      means for increasing the complete response rate and therefore survival. Recent
      studies of combined chemo- and hormonal (MPA) therapy have yielded objective
      tumor regressions of 53 to 80% with an increased rate of complete remissions and
      duration of response.

PMID- 390799
TI  - Adjuvant multiple drug chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the extremity: a 6 year
      report.
AB  - Fifty-five cases of osteosarcoma of the extremities were treated between 1972 and
      1976 with combination surgery and polychemotherapy (vincristine, adriamycin and
      methotrexate at medium doses) for 18 months. Their follow-up presently ranges
      between 30 and 80 months (mean = 48 months). Twenty-six patients remained free
      from disease signs, 2 showed local recurrence but no metastases, and 27 exhibited
      metastases (4 of these also had local recurrences). In 12 patients, the
      metastases appeared after the end of chemotherapy. Both metastases and local
      recurrences were more frequent in those patients submitted to segmental bone
      resection (7/8) than in those treated by more radical surgery (22/47). Comparison
      with a historical group (94 osteosarcoma patients treated with surgery alone at
      our Institute between 1960 and 1971) revealed that, during the follow-up period
      considered, the percentage of patients free from disease signs was higher in the
      group that also received chemotherapy. In addition, in this group metastatic
      appearance was delayed (mean = 15 months) as compared to historical controls
      (mean = 8 months). On the other hand, after the same kind of surgery, the rate of
      local recurrences and the time of their appearance was practically the same in
      both groups.

PMID- 390800
TI  - Comparison between rat mast cell degranulation test and allergic skin tests in
      children with atopic diseases.

PMID- 390801
TI  - Plasma volume determination with two different methods in children with nephrotic
      syndrome.

PMID- 390802
TI  - [New data on carbonic acid fixation in animals and man].
AB  - Recently a new enzymic carboxylation reaction has been discovered at the final
      step of prothrombin and other proteins synthesis. The presence of the unique
      amino acid, gamma-carboxyglutaminic acid, is established and its structure is
      determined. The role of the acid is shown in Ca2+ fixation in the known proteins,
      playing an important role in the blood coagulation processes, and in some new
      proteins participating in the tissue calcification. Data are systematized on the
      necessity of vitamin K in the new reaction of the carbonic acid fixation under
      conditions of its in vitro simulation.

PMID- 390803
TI  - [Phytoecdysones--biologically active polyhydroxylated sterols].
AB  - Methods are described for detection, isolation and identification of
      phytoecdysones--hormones of moult and metamorphosis of insects and crustaceans
      produced by some plants. Much attention is paid to problems of seeking plant
      sources of ecdysones and to studies in their biological activity on various
      animal species, the activity being of importance for human practice. Hypotheses
      available in literature on the mechanisms of the ecdysone effect on the protein
      synthesis processes are discussed.

PMID- 390804
TI  - Bibliography of diagnostic uses of ultrasound in medicine and biology.

PMID- 390805
TI  - [To the memory of Professor Pierre Masson, 20 years later].

PMID- 390806
TI  - [History of the pathology laboratory of Hotel-Dieu in Montreal: from its
      establishment in 1896 until the arrival of Professor Pierre Masson in 1928].

PMID- 390808
TI  - A guest's column.

PMID- 390807
TI  - [Biochemical evaluation of pancreatic exocrine function].

PMID- 390809
TI  - Hot water bag for diseased prostate.

PMID- 390810
TI  - Relationship of prior hormonal therapy to subsequent estramustine phosphate
      treatment in advanced prostatic cancer.
AB  - The relationship of prior hormonal therapy to subsequent response on estramustine
      phosphate (Estracyt) was examined in 107 patients with advanced prostatic cancer
      treated in two different Phase II chemotherapy trials. In both trials patients
      with the longest prior hormonal treatment were the least likely to respond to
      estramustine phosphate. Patients in the series from the National Prostatic Cancer
      Project with a response classification to prior hormonal therapy had only a 26
      per cent response to subsequent estramustine phosphate therapy, whereas 40 per
      cent of those with no prior response to hormonal therapy responded to
      estramustine phosphate. This latter group had the shortest average disease
      duration from diagnosis. The sample of prostate cancers studied appeared to
      include groups that were sensitive to both hormones and cytotoxic activity as
      well as to either of these two alone. These data support the contention that
      estramustine phosphate may act both as an estrogenic and a cytotoxic agent.

PMID- 390811
TI  - Adjuvant immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin in prostatic cancer.
AB  - Ninety-two patients with histologically proved prostatic cancer were studied.
      Forty-six patients were treated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) adjuvant
      immunotherapy, and 46 other patients, matched for stage and hormone therapy,
      served as controls. Survival from the time of histologic diagnosis was sixteen
      and one-half months longer (thirty-seven and one-half versus twenty-one months)
      in the BCG-treated patients. There was no mortality and only minimal morbidity.
      Changes in some immunologic parameters (white blood cell count, skin tests)
      suggest an immune response.

PMID- 390813
TI  - Protector for transplanted kidney.

PMID- 390812
TI  - Necrotizing infection of scrotum.
AB  - Necrotizing infection of the scrotum (Fournier gangrene) rapidly spreads to
      adjacent skin with fever and toxemia and is life-threatening. Subcutaneous gas
      and a foul-smelling wet discharge from the skin are usually present. The
      infection is not cured with antibiotic therapy alone and requires immediate
      extensive debridement of all necrotic tissue. Repeated debridement each several
      days under general anesthesia is necessary until healthy granulation is present
      in the wound. Reconstruction with skin flaps or skin grafts shortens
      hospitalization and prevents the dense scar tissue and immobility of the tests
      that can occur with spontaneous epithelization.

PMID- 390814
TI  - Case profile: donor graft lithiasis--unusual complication of renal
      transplantation.

PMID- 390815
TI  - Memorial. Ralph Gorman Hills.

PMID- 390816
TI  - Memorial. Keith John Roy Wightman, M.D.

PMID- 390817
TI  - Memorial. Douglas Gordon Carroll, Jr.

PMID- 390818
TI  - Memorial. Worth B. Daniels. 1899-1978.

PMID- 390819
TI  - Memorial. Kendall A. Elsom.

PMID- 390820
TI  - Memorial. Tinsley Randolph Harrison.

PMID- 390821
TI  - Presidential address: a history of malaria and its ironies.

PMID- 390822
TI  - Are we Socratic teachers?

PMID- 390823
TI  - The Jeremiah Metzger lecture: the nephrons in Bright's disease: their structure
      and function.

PMID- 390824
TI  - Frederick Law Olmstead and Vanderbilt's Biltmore estate: the contribution of
      private wealth to forestry, ecology and climatology.

PMID- 390825
TI  - The paradox of the paradoxical pulse.

PMID- 390826
TI  - Who discovered smallpox vaccination? Edward Jenner or Benjamin Jesty?

PMID- 390827
TI  - Role of cellular proteases in viral pathogenicity.

PMID- 390828
TI  - Maturation of stimulus recognition and insulin secretion during tissue culture of
      fetal pancreatic islets.

PMID- 390829
TI  - American Microscopical Society: the first one-hundred years. Part II.

PMID- 390830
TI  - Reminiscences of an honorary member of long standing.

PMID- 390831
TI  - Immunocytochemical diagnosis of brain tumor biopsies.

PMID- 390832
TI  - Brain pathology in chronic renal failure: treatment with hemodialysis versus
      cadaver renal transplant.

PMID- 390833
TI  - Alterations in cerebrospinal fluid outflow resistance in experimental bacterial
      meningitis.

PMID- 390834
TI  - Valproic acid: effect on GABA-mediated postsynaptic inhibition in cultured
      mammalian spinal cord neurons.

PMID- 390836
TI  - Edgar Douglas Adrian. 1890--1977.

PMID- 390835
TI  - Suggestive preliminary evidence from controlled 3-month clinical trials that
      prednisone improves chronic inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy.

PMID- 390837
TI  - Paul Michael Levin. 1906--1978.

PMID- 390838
TI  - John Edward Scarff. 1898--1978.

PMID- 390839
TI  - Sir Charles Putnam Symonds. 1890--1977.

PMID- 390840
TI  - American Neurological Association: List of Members.

PMID- 390841
TI  - [Prof. Iurii Borisovich Preobrazhenskii (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 390842
TI  - [Prof. Iurii Nikolaevich Volkov (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 390844
TI  - [Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Limberg].

PMID- 390843
TI  - [Bone alloplasty in the surgery of the locomotor apparatus].
AB  - The article is devoted to the treatment of diseases and damages of the locomotor
      system: intervertebral osteochondrosis (63 patients), scoliosis (34 patients
      subjected to 55 operations), fractures and false joints (270 patients), benign
      tumor of the bones (287 patients). The nearest and remote results were analyzed.
      The author recommends a wider use of allogenic bone tissues, sterilized in
      antiseptic solutions with the subsequent freezing.

PMID- 390845
TI  - [Pancreatoduodenal resection in duodenal reticulosarcoma].

PMID- 390846
TI  - [Late result of a 1-step cesarean section operation, resection of the splenic
      flexure of the colon and suturing of a traumatic diaphragmatic hernia].

PMID- 390847
TI  - Recurrent coliform mastitis in the dairy cow.
AB  - Daily monitoring of milk over a 120-day period for bacteria and neutrophil counts
      revealed that following experimental E coli mastitis, five out of 28 infections
      resulted in the development of a long continued and recurring condition.
      Intermittent periods of acute inflammation were observed in the gland, pyrexia
      was noted, and if bacteria were isolated they were always of the same serotype as
      the original infecting strain. Failure to isolate bacteria and the lack of overt
      inflammation during periods of remission suggested that the bacteria were not in
      the gland cistern but within gland tissue. In one animal antibiotic therapy with
      a drug which was active in vitro was ineffective in vivo. However another
      antibiotic proved effective.

PMID- 390849
TI  - Mycotic abortion in a cow.

PMID- 390848
TI  - Antibody coated bacteria in urine sediment from cattle infected with
      Corynebacterium renale.
AB  - Using the fluorescent antibody test, the presence of antibody-coated bacteria in
      10 out of 17 urine sediment samples from cattle infected with Corynebacterium
      renale is described. These antibodies were mainly of the immunoglobulin class
      IgG, and to a lesser extent IgA. This finding is characteristic for infections of
      the upper urinary tract (pyelonephritis). In seven samples no antibody coating of
      the bacterial surface was detected. In these cases an infection of the lower
      urinary tract (cystitis) is suggested.

PMID- 390850
TI  - A cystic jaw lesion in sheep.

PMID- 390851
TI  - International spread of multiresistent strains of Salmonella typhimurium phage
      types 204 and 193 from Britain to Europe.

PMID- 390852
TI  - The pathogenesis of enteric colibacillosis in neonatal unsuckled calves.
AB  - The development of pathological lesions in the small intestine of neonatal calves
      is described. Seven newborn calves were challenged orally with a known
      enteropathogenic strain of E coli 0101k?(A) and killed at varying times after
      inoculation. Adhesion of bacteria to the mucosa of the small intestine was
      observed in all calves. A few organisms were seen in the distal small intestine
      at three hours after inoculation and thereafter adhesion progressed anteriorly
      along the intestine in calves killed from six to 36 hours. In these calves
      pathological changes occurred between six and 12 hours after inoculation. Villi
      were stunted and thickened and the epithelial surface was irregular. A further
      calf, anaesthetised from five-and-a-half to 10 hours after inoculation and
      repeatedly sampled from the distal small intestine, developed similar lesions
      abruptly at nine hours after inoculation. Villus and crypt lengths in the
      challenged calves were compared with those in three normal uninoculated control
      calves.

PMID- 390854
TI  - Plants that kill and cure.

PMID- 390853
TI  - Detection of antibody against Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides in cattle by an
      enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
AB  - The results of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) For the detection of
      antibody against Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides are presented. Antibody was
      detected in the sera of cattle at least 19 months after recovery from an
      infection and at least 23 months after vaccination. Almost half the sera of some
      animals in an area of Nigera where contagious bovine pleuropneumonia is enzootic
      contained antibody. Antibody was rarely detected when the same sera were examined
      by other established serological tests, emphasising the sensitivity of the ELISA.

PMID- 390855
TI  - Bibliography on the hematological effects of triazines.

PMID- 390856
TI  - [Clinical x-ray characteristics and the determination of the histological forms
      of lung cancer using a computer].

PMID- 390857
TI  - [On the 80th birthday of Prof. Efim Lazarevich Kevesh].

PMID- 390858
TI  - [35 years of selfless labor].

PMID- 390859
TI  - [Sanitary and bacteriological characteristics of meat and bone meal].

PMID- 390860
TI  - [Immunological resistance of calves in the postnatal period].

PMID- 390861
TI  - [Determination of the bacterial contamination of meat and bone meal].

PMID- 390862
TI  - [New materials on the history of veterinary medicine in Bulgaria].
AB  - Several tens of ritual plates are preserved in Bulgaria on which elements of
      glorification are found of god Mithras who gained popularity particularly in the
      1st-IIIrd century in the regions of Thrace and today's North Bulgaria, then
      provinces of the Eastern Roman Empire. Mithras seemed to be respected by slaves,
      soldiers, and merchants alike, but was also an exemplar to the Roman emperors,
      being considered by them as Sol invictus or Deo invicto. The central scene in all
      plates is that of Mithras tauroctonus (Mithras, the killer of bulls). This scene
      is likewise of interest to veterinarians as it shows that in such early epoch the
      people that lived within the territory of Bulgaria of today used a method for the
      felling of large animals, the elements of which--fixing the head and bending it
      backwards, fastening the thorax with a belt or another loop, loading the animal's
      back--are still existing and are used in a number of modern methods of felling
      (that of Hess, the Caucasian way of felling, the Chinese one of Dou-Chan-Than,
      etc.) Besides, the people of ancient time knew that ruminants have an incomplete
      upper dentition. They skilfully employed this to bring animals that had to be
      felled into an unusual nonphysiologic posture. Not sooner than 16 centuries prior
      to the preformists (the spermists) they supported the concept that the testes
      were the source of life.

PMID- 390863
TI  - [Diagnosis of rejection of the transplanted kidney with respect to urine values
      of sodium, beta-glucuronidase, lysozyme and proteinuria].

PMID- 390864
TI  - [Renal excretion of urea in chronic kidney disease and in kidney
      transplantation].

PMID- 390865
TI  - [Immunologic markers of human leukemic cells].

PMID- 390866
TI  - [Dependence of the extent of the primary radiation reaction on the irradiation
      dosage (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 390867
TI  - [Pressing problems in the development of military field therapy].

PMID- 390868
TI  - [Bone marrow donor system].

PMID- 390869
TI  - [Angina and metatonsillar diseases].

PMID- 390870
TI  - [Medical service to the Red Army in the operation on the Khalkin Gol River].

PMID- 390871
TI  - [Blood transfusion service and wars].

PMID- 390872
TI  - [Remembrance of Ludwik Hirszfeld. On the 25th anniversary of his death].

PMID- 390873
TI  - [Contribution of R. E. Kavetskii to the development of oncology (on his 80th
      birthday)].

PMID- 390874
TI  - [Radioisotope topical diagnosis of malignant lymphomas using gallium-67 citrate].
AB  - The diagnostic value of Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy was estimated based on the
      comparison of clinical and roentgenological findings, including lymphography, in
      46 patients with lymphogranulomatosis and other malignant lymphomas. The results
      obtained indicated that scintigraphy with Ga-67 citrate is a valuable adjunct for
      diagnosing malignant lymphomas and lymphogranulomatosis in previously untreated
      patients and in the recurrences.

PMID- 390875
TI  - [Interferon-forming properties of the leukocytes in assessing the functional
      activity of the regional lymph nodes in cervical cancer].
AB  - In the present work the authors have employed their personal modification of the
      technic of interferon reaction of lymphocytes, which consists in using the
      lymphocytes isolated from regional lymph nodes but not from the peripheral blood
      as described in the literature. The titres of interferon produced in vitro by the
      lymphocytes of lymph nodes, removed during the operation in cervical cancer
      patients, were shown to correlate well with the clinico-morphological changes,
      indicating the rate of the regional lymphoid tissue response. The mentioned
      correlation speaks in favour of the prognostic value of the interferon reaction
      of regional lymph nodes lymphocytes in cervical cancer.

PMID- 390876
TI  - [Effect of 5-fluorouracil on the beta-cell function of the pancreatic insular
      apparatus].

PMID- 390877
TI  - [50th anniversary of the First 5-Year-Plan for the development of the domestic
      economy of the USSR and nutritional science in our country].

PMID- 390878
TI  - [Soybeans and human nutrition].

PMID- 390880
TI  - [Evaluation of the effectiveness of feeding infants with the new adapted
      products].
AB  - Feeding regimens involving the use of new foods, dry adapting additive and
      acidophilus mixtures of the "Malyutka" and "Malysh" types developed by the
      Institute of Nutrition, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, were assessed
      from the results of investigations carried out with 500 infants. Recommendations
      for improving the composition of the above foods are given with a purpose of
      reaching the optimal formula of breast milk substitutes.

PMID- 390879
TI  - [Physiological requirements in foodstuffs and energy of infants in the 1st year
      of life].
AB  - The authors report their own and literature data on requirements for infants of
      over 30 food factors. It is suggested that certain age periods should be
      differentiated and the parameters of weight and height considered while
      summarizing materials on recommended rates of the principal food and energy
      requirements for children of the first year of life.

PMID- 390881
TI  - [Vasilii Nikolaevich Bukin].

PMID- 390883
TI  - [Internal medicine in Bulgaria over the last century].

PMID- 390882
TI  - [Typing of postmortem bone marrow according to HLA system antigens].

PMID- 390884
TI  - [Somatotropic hormone, diabetes and diabetic angiopathy].

PMID- 390885
TI  - [Intercellular interactions in the immune response and their influencing].

PMID- 390887
TI  - The hoptel really works: a commentary.

PMID- 390889
TI  - [Labile hypertension].

PMID- 390888
TI  - Recent advances in antidepressant drug treatment.
AB  - Psychiatric research has made remarkable advances in understanding the
      pathophysiology of depressive illnesses. Biologic depressions are now understood
      as neurotransmitter deficiency diseases. Certain forms of depression are treated
      with tricyclic antidepressant drugs, which increase the amount of available
      neurotransmitters. Complicating the clinical picture, however, is the problem of
      wide variability of levels of tricyclic drugs in the plasma of persons receiving
      the same dosage. Another problem is the apparent linear dose-response
      relationship of imipramine hydrochloride and its sister compound desipramine
      hydrochloride while amitriptyline and nortriptyline follow an inverted U-shaped
      dose-response curve. However, with newer, more sophisticated diagnostic methods,
      combined with monitoring of tricyclic drug levels in plasma, therapeutic efficacy
      can approach 90 percent. Available neurotransmitters also can be increased using
      monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors. Although MAO inhibitors have been less
      popular than the tricyclic drugs, recent clinical research tends to support their
      efficacy. Distinct individual differences in the rate of metabolism of MAO
      inhibitors have been found. New methods are being devised to detect these
      differences and monitor directly the effects of these drugs. One of these
      methods, platelet MAO inhibition, shows some clinical promise. Tricyclic drugs
      and MAO inhibitors have recently been joined by lithium carbonate, which shows
      notable efficacy in removing acute manic-depressive symptoms as well as
      preventing their return during maintenance treatment. Its utility in treating
      cyclic depressions without mania is now being explored by researchers.

PMID- 390890
TI  - [Occupational aspects of chronic non-specific respiratory diseases].

PMID- 390886
TI  - Skeletal scintigraphy.
AB  - Skeletal scintigraphy, using phosphates or diphosphonates labeled with technetium
      99m, is a sensitive method of detecting bone abnormalities. The most important
      and most frequent role of bone scanning is evaluating the skeletal areas in
      patients who have a primary cancer, especially a malignant condition that has a
      tendency to spread to bone areas. The bone scan is superior to bone radiographs
      in diagnosing these abnormalities; 15 percent to 25 percent of patients with
      breast, prostate or lung cancer, who have normal roentgenograms, also have
      abnormal scintigrams due to metastases. The majority of bone metastases appear as
      hot spots on the scan and are easily recognized. The incidence of abnormal bone
      scans in patients with early stages (I and II) of breast cancer varies from 6
      percent to 26 percent, but almost invariably those patients with scan
      abnormalities have a poor prognosis and should be considered for additional
      therapies. Progression or regression of bony lesions can be defined through
      scanning, and abnormal areas can be identified for biopsy. The incidence of
      metastases in solitary scan lesions in patients with known primary tumors varies
      from 20 percent to 64 percent. Bone scintigraphy shows positive uptake in 95
      percent of cases with acute osteomyelitis. Stress fractures and trauma suspected
      in battered babies can be diagnosed by scanning before there is radiological
      evidence. The procedure is free from acute or long-term side effects and, except
      in cases of very young patients, sedation is seldom necessary. Although the test
      is sensitive, it is not specific and therefore it is difficult to overemphasize
      the importance of clinical, radiographic, biochemical and scanning correlation in
      each patient.

PMID- 390891
TI  - [The treatment of acute pancreatitis in Austria: results of a questionnaire].
AB  - The treatment of acute pancreatitis as currently practised in Austria was
      evaluated by means of a questionnaire mailed to all medical and surgical
      departments in Austrian hospitals. Fasting, analgesics and parenteral fluid
      therapy are applied routinely and proteinase inhibitors are used in nearly all
      hospitals. The efficacy of placing the pancreas at rest by withdrawal of oral
      fluids, nasogastric suction or antacids is variably assessed. Pharmacological
      inhibition of pancreatic secretion is achieved mainly by anticholinergics, whilst
      less often glucagon is prescribed. Antibiotic prophylaxis is widely applied. The
      main indications for surgery are complications and pre-existing biliary tract
      disease. These results are compared with the literature.

PMID- 390892
TI  - [Prostaglandin I2 (PG I2; prostacyclin) synthesis by human gastric mucosa
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The human gastric mucosa generates prostacyclin (22 +/- 6 ng PG I2/g). There is
      no age or sex difference in PG I2 formation by normal gastric mucosa. The
      properties of the substance are the same as reported in other tissues.

PMID- 390894
TI  - Prophylactic gastric operations in uremic patients prior to renal
      transplantation.

PMID- 390893
TI  - Neurohormonal interactions in the stomach and pancreas.

PMID- 390896
TI  - Allotransplantation of the lung in dogs with experimental lung damage.

PMID- 390897
TI  - Allotransplantation of the lung in dogs with experimental lung damage. Invited
      commentary.

PMID- 390895
TI  - Prophylactic gastric operations in uremic patients prior to renal
      transplantation. Invited commentary.

PMID- 390898
TI  - Hormonal control of gastrointestinal motility.

PMID- 390901
TI  - Determination of the biological parameters of bacterium-phage complexes.
AB  - The authors present a method of measurement and evaluation for continuous
      cultures of bacteria infected by virulent phages. By the comparison of the model
      describing the phage-bacterium interaction and their own experimental data they
      determined the following biological parameter values characterizing the
      interaction: the adsorption rate (mu), the expectation of the latency period (T)
      and its standard deviation ((sigma), the time required for lysis (d), the
      infection efficiency (eta) and the average burst size (C). The parameters were
      used for the determination of optimal cultivating conditions (maximum phage
      yield).

PMID- 390902
TI  - [Glucoamylase from Endomycopsis bispora. I. Production of the enzyme in shaken
      culture].

PMID- 390903
TI  - [30 years of the GDR--30 years of a successful fight for the health of our
      citizens].

PMID- 390900
TI  - Effect of vagotomy on gastrointestinal hormones.
AB  - Different types of vagotomy have been widely used in the treatment of peptic
      ulcer disease. A close relationship between the vagus nerve and the release or
      action of gastrointestinal hormones is necessary for the optimal activation of
      the gastrointestinal tract. The serum concentrations of the antral hormone
      gastrin are elevated after all types of vagotomy. The postvagotomy
      hypergastrinemia is due to the change in pH in the antral lumen or the gastric
      motility changes, both of which may lead to a proliferation of G cells. The
      reduction in pancreatic secretion after vagotomy is not due to changes in
      intestinal hormone release, but may be caused by the interruption of a postulated
      enteropancreatic reflex. Postprandial GIP release and serum insulin levels are
      not affected by vagotomy, but basal GIP levels are increased after vagotomy.
      Postprandial pancreatic polypeptide release is nearly abolished by vagotomy, but
      seems to normalize in the later postoperative course. These findings may be
      important for the interpretation of pathophysiologic changes after vagotomy.

PMID- 390899
TI  - Prostaglandins and serotonin: nonpeptide diarrheogenic hormones.
AB  - Prostaglandins and serotonin are vasoactive compounds with profound effects on
      the gastrointestinal tract. Both cause inhibition of gastric acid secretion
      (although serotonin stimulates gastric pepsin secretion), stimulation of
      intestinal motility, and conversion of small intestinal mucosa from absorption to
      secretion of water and electrolytes. Their effects on pancreatic and biliary
      function are still not clear. Although prostaglandins appear to elicit their
      effects primarily by a paracrine mode of action, and serotonin is primarily a
      neurotransmitter (neurocrine), it is clear that even under normal conditions both
      can function as humoral agents. For example, we have shown that serotonin plays a
      physiologic role as a humoral inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. However, the
      effects of these agents become more pronounced in patients with humorally
      mediated diarrheogenic syndromes. Serotonin (and related indoles, particularly 5
      hydroxytryptophan) has been firmly implicated as a cause of diarrhea in patients
      with carcinoid syndrome; our recent studies suggest that the diagnosis can be
      more effectively made by measuring circulating immunoreactive serotonin
      concentrations than urinary excretion of 5-HIAA; that some circulating serotonin
      escapes hepatic inactivation and, thus, large intestinal tumors can cause
      carcinoid syndrome in the absence of hepatic metastases; and that large amounts
      of serotonin are produced by some noncarcinoid diarrheogenic tumors, including
      medullary carcinomas of the thyroid and tumors associated with the WDHA syndrome.
      A large number of tumors of probable neural crest origin, including medullary
      thyroid carcinoma, carcinoids, and tumors associated with the WDHA syndrome,
      secrete large amounts of prostaglandins, particularly PGE2. The clinical response
      of at least some of the patients harboring these tumors to inhibitors of
      prostaglandin synthesis (particularly indomethacin) suggests that prostaglandins
      play a role in the etiology of these diarrheogenic syndromes.

PMID- 390904
TI  - [In memoriam Hans Heinrich, former district hygienist and Director of the
      Schwerin District Hygiene Institute, b. July 29, 1910-d. January 11, 1979].

PMID- 390905
TI  - [Isosorbide-dinitrate in myocardial perfusion (author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) (10 mg sublingually) on myocardial
      perfusion during ischemic conditions was analyzed in 14 patients with
      angiographically severe coronary artery disease and typical angina pectoris,
      using the 201-Thallium-myocardial scintigraphy. All patients underwent two
      identical scintigrams with the same work load during bicycle ergometry; a control
      scintigram leading to angina and ST-depressions of greater than 0.1 mV was
      followed 4--6 weeks later by a scintigram after ISDN; all drugs -- except
      sublingual nitroglycerin -- were withheld for an entire week. -- RESULTS: 25 of
      39 new or enlarged, exercise-induced defects (64%) were normalyzed after ISDN; 14
      new or enlarged defects remained unchanged (p less than 0.0005). In the 11
      patients, in whom ISDN led to complete abolishment of angina, 23 of 30 new
      defects (76%) were normalized against none in the 3 patients with persistent
      angina and ST-depressions. Quantitation of perfusion was attempted by calculating
      the average impulse rate (counts/min/matrix point): in those patients reacting
      favorably to ISDN average impulse rate decreased significantly especially in the
      normal area (p less than 0.001), resulting in a more homogeneous distribution of
      Thallium activity, indicating a marked reduction in local oxygen consumption.

PMID- 390906
TI  - [In memoriam Arnol'd Shabadash].

PMID- 390907
TI  - Correlative morphological and cytochemical observations on the nucleoli and
      nuclear bodies during avian oogenesis.
AB  - A correlative morphological and cytochemical study has been made of the nucleoli
      and nuclear bodies in the growing oocytes of the crow (Corvus splendens) and
      common myna (Acridotheres tristis). The nucleoli show morphological and
      cytochemical changes during oocyte growth, which are described in detail. In
      young oocytes at diplotene stage, two to six nucleoli, which are attached to
      condensed diplotene chromosomes, show RNA, lysine-rich histones and some non
      histones, the proteins contain S-S and SH groups. In subsequent stages of oocyte
      growth, the cortex of nucleolus also develops arginine-rich histones whereas the
      medulla shows lysine-rich histones. The significance of both morphological and
      cytochemical changes of nucleoli has been discussed in relation to oocyte growth.
      Seven types of nuclear bodies are described. They are composed of proteins and
      carbohydrates. Their shape, size and structure vary during different stages of
      oocyte growth. Finally, their material is transported into the ooplasm.

PMID- 390908
TI  - [Energy, metabolite, oxygen, and electron transport along biological membranes].

PMID- 390910
TI  - [Morphologic changes in the microcirculatory system as a manifestation of
      adaptation].

PMID- 390909
TI  - [Current concept of the penetration of macromolecular antigens and microorganisms
      through mucous membranes and into the cells of animals].

PMID- 390911
TI  - [Protrait (Lena Rosen)].

PMID- 390912
TI  - [Protrait (Lisa Bostrom)].

PMID- 390913
TI  - [Girl from Stode remains professor in Bergen (Ulla Qvarnstrom)].

PMID- 390914
TI  - [Juvenile diabetes mellitus: decreased prostacyclin (PGI2) synthesis in the
      vascular wall].

PMID- 390915
TI  - [Prediction of cerebral strokes].

PMID- 390916
TI  - [Nosebleeds].

PMID- 390917
TI  - [Aspergillosis of the nose and paranasal sinuses].

PMID- 390919
TI  - [Immobilized enzymes and the prospects for their use in otolaryngology (a
      review)].

PMID- 390918
TI  - [Local immunity mechanisms of the respiratory organs (a review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 390920
TI  - Studies on the occurrence of a strain of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium
      falciparum in Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 390921
TI  - [Indication and technic for suction-irrigation drainage in the treatment of
      chronic bone infections].

PMID- 390923
TI  - Characterization of anaerobic cecal bacteria of mice.

PMID- 390924
TI  - The role of the cecum in the gastro-intestinal colonization resistance in mice.

PMID- 390922
TI  - [Hemodynamic and hydrodynamic problems in kidney transplantation].
AB  - On the basis of general realisations and own experimental or clinical
      observations haemodynamic and hydrodynamic problems, respectively, of renal
      conditioning in the organism of the donor, the perfusion preservation and the
      phase of repeated blood supply are represented and discussed. It is shown that an
      improvement of the renal blood supply and of she flow of the urine in the donor
      with "dead brain" by alpha-adrenergic blockade or stimulation of beta-receptors
      is not sufficient for overcoming restrictions of the renal function. A pulsatile
      perfusion and the permanent opening of the vascular lumen when the medium changes
      between blood and perfusate are regarded as most favourable hydrodynamic
      prerequisites for the initial hypothermal lavation of blood. In continuous
      machine perfusion with oxygenated protein-containing solutions a dilation of the
      renal vessels takes place, so that the cortical perfusion is guaranteed also in
      low pressures. After the transplantation there exists a significant pathogenetic
      correlation between the total blood supply of the kidney and its early function.

PMID- 390925
TI  - [Ways to decrease lethality in gastric hemorrhages].

PMID- 390926
TI  - [The importance of cellular ultrastructure research for medicine--a review
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 390927
TI  - [Structure of the neurons in the midbrain auditory center in the frog, Rana
      ridibunda].
AB  - Using rapid Coldgi technique, studies have been made on the structure of the
      nervous cells in torus semicircularis of the frog Rana ridibunda. 277 cells
      observed in frontal and sagittal sections were classified into 3 groups. 198
      cells with an oval body had their basal dendrite spreading caudoventrally. The
      dendritic tree of these cells does not leave torus semicircularis. Nucleus
      laminaris and n. commisuralis usually contained simple cells of this type with
      one smooth basal dendrite. In the main nucleus of torus semicircularis, similar
      cells with additional horizontal or dorsal dendrites were found. Many cells of
      this type in the caudal part of the torus have spiny dendrites. 38 cells with
      large elongated bodies have one ventral dendrite which originates directly from
      the body and produces several ventro-lateral processes intersecting the efferent
      bundle in the tectum opticum. Long and thin dorsal dendrites pass through the
      laminar nucleus of the torus. These cells were found in the rostral part of the
      nucleus magnocellularis. In various parts of the torus, 17 multipolar cells were
      registered. It was not possible to classify 24 cells. Preliminary comparison of
      morphological and electrophysiological data showed that structural
      differentiation of the auditory center of amphibian midbrain reflects functional
      organization of this region.

PMID- 390928
TI  - [Preparation of an insulin-like substance from molluscs and its antiserum].
AB  - A substance with insulin-like activity was obtained from visceral organs
      (excluding foot, gills and mantle) of the freshwater bivalve molluscs Unio
      pictorum and Anodonta cygnea. Injecting this substance to guinea pigs, antiserum
      was also obtained. Using the obtained antiserum in immunostaining experiments,
      the cells which produce insulin-like substance were identified in the intestinal
      epithelium of the midgut in A. cygnea.

PMID- 390930
TI  - [S. V. Suvorov and his role in the organization of Soviet plague control].

PMID- 390929
TI  - [Properties of plague microbe revertants obtained from L forms].

PMID- 390931
TI  - [Vladimir Ivanovich Agafonov (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 390933
TI  - [Epidemiology of ornithosis and measures for preventing it].

PMID- 390932
TI  - [Capsular antigens of Staphylococcus aureus].

PMID- 390935
TI  - [Transforming activity of R- and Lac-plasmids of clinical strains of Gram
      negative bacteria].
AB  - The isolated plasmid DNA of clinical strains of Gram-negative bacteria were shown
      to have transforming activity when E. coli strain 0600 and S. typhimurium strain
      LT-2 were used as recipients. The frequency of transformation depended on the
      recipient strain and the character of the plasmids. The presence of deletion
      mutants was revealed among the transformants. Such mutants occurred with varying
      frequency, most often in S. typhimurium strain LT-20; the reason for this
      phenomenon is at present under discussion. The transformation of plasmids
      controlling lactose splitting and their conjugation transfer into recipient S.
      typhimurium strain LT-2 is possible only under condition of using recipient (R+).
      The possibility of the formation of the cointegrate (R and lac plasmids) in
      recipient S. typhimurium strain LT-2 is discussed.

PMID- 390934
TI  - [Preservation of cholerogenicity in cholera vibrios in the incomplete L-cycle
      stage].
AB  - The work presents the characteristics of the forms appearing as a result of the
      incomplete L cycle of Vibrio cholerae obtained in experimental conditions after
      the cultivation of typical V. eltor strain, serovar Ogawa, for 5 months at room
      temperature in sterile river water without subculturing. The culture formed
      shaprly changed L-similar colonies, had decreased agglutinability and was
      resistant to diagnostic cholera phages, but retained its cholerogenicity for
      suckling rabbits. A suggestion was made concerning the possible epidemiological
      significance of such forms and the necessity of their detection in the course of
      bacteriological analysis for cholera.

PMID- 390936
TI  - [A. N. Sysin as an epidemiologist].

PMID- 390937
TI  - [Cyclical nature and the prediction of the dynamics of the epidemic process in
      different types of dysentery].

PMID- 390938
TI  - [Trends in the development of modern immunology].

PMID- 390940
TI  - [Humoral and cellular immunity factors in peroral vaccination with an S.
      typhimurium antigenic complex].
AB  - The role of individual immunity factors in protection from S. typhimurium
      infection was studied on mice immunized orally in a single administration with an
      antigenic complex obtained by the treatment of bacterial cells with
      hydroxylamine. The oral administration of this preparation induced the systemic
      and local transformation of the organism, which was manifested by the
      accumulation of antibody-producing cells in the immunocompetent organs (spleen,
      mesenteric lymph nodes) and the increase of the phagocytic activity of
      macrophages in peritoneal fluid. Cellular immunity factors were found to be
      important for the development of resistance to salmonellosis caused by S.
      typhimurium after oral immunization with the antigenic complex.

PMID- 390939
TI  - [Antibodies to muscle fiber antigens in the cosmonauts after a space flight].
AB  - The study of serum samples, obtained from 15 cosmonauts before and after space
      flights, with the use of the indirect fluorescent method showed that in 7
      cosmonauts antibodies to different elements of the human heart muscle appeared
      after flights. Strong and very strong luminescence of the elements of heart
      muscle tissue was detected in the cosmonauts after the third space flight. When
      studying the sera on sections of bovine heart muscle tissue, the reactions of the
      sera taken before and after flights were found to have no essential differences.

PMID- 390941
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the functional activity of different immunoglobulin
      classes in cholera].
AB  - The immunological activity of specific immunoglobulins in different forms of
      cholera infection was studied with the use of the indirect immunofluorescent
      method. The forms of cholera infection were shown to be related to the physico
      chemical spectrum of antibodies: patients with the pronounced clinical symptoms
      of cholera produced serum IgM, including antigen -- antibody complex, more
      actively and in a greater amount; patients with faintly pronounced and
      asymptomatic infection produce highly active IgG. The competitive action of
      immunoglobulins of different classes in their simultaneous reaction with O
      antigen of Vibrio cholerae is shown. The mechanism of the competitive action of
      different immunoglobulin classes is supposed to play some role in the process of
      the sanation (with highly active IgM) or detoxication (with highly active IgG) of
      the organism.

PMID- 390942
TI  - [Use of the systems approach in modeling the growth dynamics of a microbial
      biomass taking into account the cell division process].
AB  - The possibility of using systemic approach in the construction of the
      mathematical model allowing for changes in the biomass and the number of cells is
      shown. Definite rules were followed in the process of construction, calculations
      were made with the use of a computer. The satisfactory coincidence of rated and
      experimental data was achieved (in this instance, E. coli M17 were used).

PMID- 390944
TI  - [Results and prospects of using thymosin for the purpose of regulating the immune
      system in different pathological processes and states].

PMID- 390943
TI  - [State of the nonspecific humoral factors of the body's natural resistance in
      patients with suppurative and septic infections having various ABO system blood
      groups].
AB  - The results of surveying 140 patients with severe purulent and septic infections
      of staphylococcal etiology, when compared with the distribution of the blood
      groups (as classified according to the ABO system) in 180 healthy donors,
      revealed that generalized purulent infections occurred most frequently in
      patients with blood groups A (II) and AB (IV), and more seldom in patients with
      blood groups O (I) and B (III). The average content of lysozyme, complement and
      normal antibodies to E. coli, as well as the average level of general
      bactericidal activity in the blood sera of the patients were considerably lower
      than in the blood sera of healthy donors; at the same time content of lysozyme,
      complement and normal antibodies in the blood sera of patients having different
      groups of blood did not reflect the degree of their predisposition or resistance
      to staphylococcal infections. The general bactericidal activity of the blood
      serum was found to correlate with the degree of predisposition or resistance to
      purulent septic infections of staphylococcal etiology to a greater extent than
      other characteristics.

PMID- 390946
TI  - [Dmitrii Evgen'evich Melekhov].

PMID- 390945
TI  - [Neuroleukemia in blast leukemization of hematosarcomas].

PMID- 390947
TI  - [Analysis of coordinate systems of intracerebral structures and optimization of
      sterotaxic computations for the posterior longitudinal approach to the
      hippocampus].
AB  - In studying the three-dimensional interrelationship of the thalamic and temporal
      systems of co-ordinates it was proved that one of them cannot be used in
      calculating the stereotaxic co-ordinates of structures associated with the other.
      In combined stereotaxic operations it is necessary to construct combined
      independent systems of co-ordinates. The possibility of exact construction of the
      co-ordinate systems of intracerebral structures depends to a great measure on the
      positive contrasting of the ventricular system.

PMID- 390948
TI  - [Efraim Isaakovich Zlotnik (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 390949
TI  - The molecular structure of the interfibrillar matrix in connective tissue.

PMID- 390950
TI  - Ontogenesis of the LH-RH-containing neuronal elements in the hypothalamus of the
      rat.
AB  - LH-RH-containing neuronal elements were detected earliest in the median eminence
      and in the vascular organ of the lamina terminalis of newborn rats. The
      peroxidase-labeled antibody method was used. Since the synthesis of the
      gonadotrophic hormones starts already on the 18th day of intrauterine life in the
      rat, this finding does not support the view that LH-RH could have inductive
      effect on the differentiation of the gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary
      gland.

PMID- 390951
TI  - Simultaneous localization of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) and
      somatostatin-containing nerve fibres in the brain of the rat.

PMID- 390952
TI  - [Small angle X-ray scattering studies on the structure and symmetry of yeast
      pyruvate decarboxylase in solution].
AB  - The holo-enzyme of the pyruvate decarboxylase EC 4.1.1.1 isolated from brewer's
      yeast was studied by small-angle X-ray scattering. The point-group symmetry 222
      deduced from electron microscopic investigations was confirmed for molecules in
      solution. The best approximation of the overall shape of the enzyme was reached
      by an homogeneous triaxial ellipsoid, with the half-axes of a = 2.47 nm, b = 5.08
      nm and c = 8.0 nm. The ellipsoid is halved vertical to the a-axis, and both
      halves are turned from each other by about 30 degrees. As an explanation of the
      existence of four binding sites for Mg2+ and thiamine pyrophosphate on the
      dimeric molecule the hypothesis of a gene duplication is discussed.

PMID- 390953
TI  - [Comparison between single-radial-hemolysis-test and indirect fluorescence
      antibody-test for the serological diagnosis of influenza].
AB  - Two serological methods for the diagnosis of influenza were tested with sera of
      guinea pigs and compared. Up to now, both methods have only rarely been used in
      the diagnosis of influenza. The methods proved to be well reproducible and
      suitable for routine investigations. Correlation between antibody titres measured
      by SRH and FAT give a correlation coefficient of v = 0.75. The possible IgG
      specificity of the SRH, indicated in the literature, is reported.

PMID- 390954
TI  - Polyunsaturated fatty acids as precursors of prostaglandins.

PMID- 390955
TI  - [The McVay technic for inguinal hernia cure. Results of treatment in a teaching
      center (author's transl)].
AB  - Over a 20 year period 390 adults underwent 454 operations for inguinal hernia
      using the technique of McVay. The recurrence rate after primary repair was 7.61%
      and 18.33% for secondary hernias. This was usually early in the postoperative
      period. These results must be interpreted taking into a ccount that the
      operations were performed at a teaching institution.

PMID- 390956
TI  - [Infantile cortical hyperostosis (case history) (author's transl)].

PMID- 390957
TI  - [Dr. Jan Gall - 60 years old].

PMID- 390958
TI  - Selective proximal vagotomy in duodenal ulcer. Anatomy of the vagal nerves.-
      Surgical technique. Clinical results.

PMID- 390959
TI  - Tinea versicolor and Pityrosporum orbiculare: mycological investigations,
      experimental infections and epidemiological surveys.
AB  - In patients with tinea versicolor, Pityrosporum orbiculare was cultured from
      tinea versicolor lesions in 100%, from normal-looking skin in 80%, and from
      apparently healed lesions in 69%. P. orbiculare was isolated from normal skin in
      85% of patients with seborrheic dermatitis and in 90% of volunteers. The best
      substrate for isolation of P. orbiculare was a peptone-glucose-yeast extract
      medium containing glycerol monostearate and Tween 80, overlaid with olive oil.
      Germ tubes were produced when P. orbiculare was incubated in an atmosphere
      containing air with 7% CO2. Cultures of P. orbiculare and P. ovale did not show
      any fluorescence in Wood's light. The in vitro activity of miconazole,
      clotrimazole, econazole, sodium omadine, and sodium thiosulphate against P.
      orbiculare was found to correlate to the good clinical effect of these drugs in
      tinea versicolor. In addition several substances used as solvents or in vehicles
      had an inhibitory activity against P. orbiculare in vitro. Inoculation with P.
      orbiculare under plastic occlusion on the glabrous follicle-rich inside of the
      rabbit ear resulted in a tinea versicolor-like lesion after I week in 3 of 4
      animals. One week after inoculation with P. orbiculare under plastic occlusion,
      experimental infections similar to those found clinically in tinea versicolor
      were seen in 10 of 12 patients with a history of tinea versicolor and in 3 of 6
      normal volunteers. It was not possible to produce experimental infections without
      occlusion. Spontaneous healing usually occurred. In a retrospective study of 232
      patients and prospective survey of 48 patients regarding susceptibility factors
      in tinea versicolor a higher (10.4%) than expected (3.8%) connection to
      seborrheic dermatitis was found.

PMID- 390961
TI  - [Studies on food poisoning caused by salmonellae (author's transl)].

PMID- 390960
TI  - [Endoscopic aspects of the gastroesophageal reflux (author's transl)].

PMID- 390962
TI  - [Documentation of arrhythmias - the value of long-term ECG monitoring].
AB  - Computer-supported long-term ECG-analysis, must be considered as complementary to
      other methods of documentation concerning arrhythmias. With the introduction of
      computers in the last several years, exact quantification and qualification of
      arrhythmias, over long monitoring periods, has become possible. With this method
      diverse forms of documentation and data presentation enhance its value of
      information and increase plausibility. Major indications for long-term ECG
      monitoring of ambulatory patients are detection of occult arrhythmias, evaluation
      of subjective symptoms such as dizziness or syncope, recognition of pacemaker
      dysfunctions, selection of patients with coronary heart disease at high risk and
      evaluation as well as control of the efficacy of antiarrhythmic therapy.

PMID- 390963
TI  - [2nd contribution to "theoretical and pratical trends of Italian psychiatry from
      1950 to 1970"].

PMID- 390964
TI  - [Latest contribution to "theoretical and practical trends of Italian psychiatry"
      from 1950 to 1976].

PMID- 390965
TI  - [Vito Maria Buscaino, 1 December 1887 - 29 April 1978].

PMID- 390966
TI  - Does the history of multiple sclerosis go back as far as the 14th century?
AB  - A number of documents written before or shortly after the death of St. Lidwina of
      Schiedam (1380-1433) surprised us by their very accurate description of symptoms
      which for the most part correspond to the clinical criteria prevailing nowadays
      for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. These could be the oldest known
      documents, describing a case of multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 390967
TI  - A case of vertebral aspergillosis.

PMID- 390968
TI  - [Our current attitude toward osteogenic sarcoma].

PMID- 390970
TI  - Cytostatic and phagocytic capacity of lymphokine-activated human monocytes.
AB  - Human monocytes were rendered cytostatic to the human cell line NHIK 3025 by
      exposure to lymphokine supernatants (LS) from BCG-stimulated lymphocytes.
      Exposure to LS for 1, 2 and 4 h induced a considerable cytostatic capacity in the
      monocytes. However, a stronger cytostatic effect was acquired by exposure to LS
      for 24 h and 72 h. The phagocytosis of 125I-labelled Candida albicans by LS
      activated monocytes was compared with phagocytosis by monocytes treated with
      control supernatants (CS). The ingestion was increased by short exposure to LS.
      However, a 72-h exposure to LS induced a decreased ingestion capacity. The
      capacity of the LS-activated monocytes to digest ingested C. albicans was
      suppressed. DNA synthesis was increased in the LS-activated monocytes, while
      protein synthesis was not significantly influenced. The cytostatic capacity of LS
      activated monocytes was abolished by culture for 24 h after removal of LS.
      Following removal of LS or CS with subsequent culture for 4 days, morphological
      and functional signs of differentiation were less marked in the LS-treated than
      in the CS-treated cells. The survival was also reduced in the former cells.
      However, these cells were strongly reactivated by re-exposure to LS.

PMID- 390969
TI  - [Evolutive potentialities of juxta-cortical osteogenic sarcoma].

PMID- 390971
TI  - Transcapillary solute exchange in skeletal muscle after injury and during shock.

PMID- 390973
TI  - [Study of microbial enzymes which lyse the cell wall of yeasts. I.
      Characterization of culture fluids with a lytic action against Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae and Candida tropicalis from newly isolated microorganisms].

PMID- 390972
TI  - A double-blind comparison of flupenthixol decanoate and fluphenazine decanoate in
      the treatment of chronic schizophrenia.
AB  - Sixty-four chronic stabilised schizophrenics were studied for 18 months in order
      to assess the possible difference in therapeutic effects and side effects between
      flupenthixol decanoate and fluphenazine decanoate. Although certain differences
      in the BPRS sub-scores in favour of flupenthixol were present at various stages
      in the study, there was no significant difference between the two drugs in the
      overall antipsychotic scores at the end of the assessment period; however, more
      patients on fluphenating required additional therpay for depression or anxiety
      during the trial period.

PMID- 390974
TI  - A hollow palatal drop maxillary denture and a mandibular obturation prosthesis. A
      case report.

PMID- 390975
TI  - The FES implant as a posterior abutment for a fixed prosthesis in the mandible.

PMID- 390976
TI  - Combined endodontic/surgical management of the sequela of a restorative error.

PMID- 390977
TI  - Bromocriptine blood-pressure lowering effect in migraine patients. A clinical
      investigation for a possible mechanism.

PMID- 390978
TI  - [Ceramo-metal resotrations. Why? When? How?].

PMID- 390979
TI  - [Review of ceramo-metal restorations. Single restorations and small bridges].

PMID- 390980
TI  - [Occlusal reconstruction and ceramo-metal procedures].

PMID- 390981
TI  - [Extensive ceramo-metal restorations].

PMID- 390982
TI  - [Ceramo-metal technics. Round table discussion].

PMID- 390983
TI  - Role of bovine high-molecular-weight (HMW) kininogen in contact-mediated
      activation of bovine Factor XII.

PMID- 390985
TI  - Studies on the biological function of glandular kallikrein.

PMID- 390984
TI  - Biological and physiological considerations arising from cellular localization
      and other recent observations on kallikreins.

PMID- 390986
TI  - A molecular basis of activation of the alternative pathway of human complement.
AB  - The fluid phase interaction of native C3, B, D and P continuously generates C3b;
      C3b complexes with B to permit cleavage-activation by D, thereby generating C3b,
      Bb, the amplification C3 convertase. C3b, Bb formed in the fluid phase or on a
      non-activating surface for the alternative pathway undergoes decay-dissociation
      through release of Bi, and the residual C3b undergoes cleavage inactivation by
      the C3b inactivator (C3bINA). The capacity of P to stabilize C3b, Bb and therby
      augment C3 cleavage is counterbalanced by beta 1H, which inactivates the
      convertase by displacing Bi and facilitates the inactivation of residual C3b by
      C3bINA. Transition to amplified C3 cleavage is achieved because the surface
      characteristics of an activating particle protect C3b from inactivation by C3bINA
      in the presence of beta 1H, and the stabilized alternative pathway convertase, P,
      C3b, Bb, from extrinsic decay-dissociation by beta 1H. Natural activating
      surfaces such as zymosan (Zy) and rabbit erythrocytes are relatively deficient in
      sialic acid residues as compared to non-activating surfaces such as sheep
      erythrocytes (Es). Sialic acid residues on C3b-bearing particles augment binding
      of beta 1H to favor competition with B, inactivation of C3b and decay
      dissociation of C3b, Bb. The absence of this carbohydrate on the membrane in the
      environment of C3b results in low affinity binding of beta 1H, a circumstance
      that permits uptake of B to form the amplification convertase and impairs
      extrinsic decay of the C3-cleaving enzyme. This natural humoral host resistance
      reaction based on the relative content of sialic acid on target particles has a
      cellular counterpart in the capacity of human monocytes to engage in antibody
      independent phagocytosis of sialic acid-deficient cells. Thus, the non-immune
      host may respond to such cells by dual humoral and cellular recognition
      mechanisms and this response may represent a primordial basis for protection
      against microbial invasion.

PMID- 390987
TI  - The effect of prophylactic proteinase inhibitor therapy on post-traumatic
      pulmonary insufficiency and platelet counts.
AB  - In a prospective double blind clinical study of 70 patients with bony trauma and
      shock, 35 patients were allocated into each group receiving either a placebo or
      Aprotinin. In both groups there was a high incidence of pulmonary insufficiency
      and thrombocytopaenia. In the placebo group there was a higher incidence of
      pulmonary insufficiency, but not its severity, with greater volumes of blood
      transufsion and the most severe form occurred only after decompensated shock.
      Thrombocytopaenia showed a similar pattern in all patients from both groups
      falling to a mean minimum on the 2nd day and rising thereafter. In the placebo
      group counts were lower in those with decompensated shock, and the fall was more
      profound, rapid and earlier in patients developing severe pulmonary
      insufficiency. Counts of less than 100,000 on the first day were associated with
      a high probability of severe pulmonary insufficiency subsequently occurring and
      this finding was not associated with greater volumes of blood transfusion. In
      those patients receiving Aprotinin, the subsequent incidence of severity of
      pulmonary insufficiency was less and not associated with increased volumes of
      blood transfusion. The platelet counts were not lower in decompensated shock and
      there was a more rapid rise from the minimum level.

PMID- 390988
TI  - Experimental studies on the effect of prophylactic proteinase inhibitor therapy
      on endotoxin shock.

PMID- 390989
TI  - Blood pressure regulation by angiotensin in the spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - Plasma renin activity (PRA) was subnormal or normal in the main strain of
      spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). PRA increased greatly in the stroke-prone
      substrain of SHR (SHRSP) at 20-30 weeks of age. Captopril (SQ 14,225) is an
      orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. The drug acutely decreased
      blood pressure moderately in SHR, and markedly in SHRSP. Participation of the
      renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of hypertension in SHR may be
      limited. Etiology of hypertension in connection with renal excretory function and
      the central and peripheral nervous system is discussed.

PMID- 390990
TI  - Responses of the renin-angiotensin system and kallikrein-kinin system to sodium
      and converting enzyme inhibitor (SQ 14,225).
AB  - Plasma renin activity, blood angiotensin I, urinary kallikrein and blood
      bradykinin levels have been measured concurrently in rats over a range of daily
      sodium intake. Plasma renin activity, blood angiotensin I levels and urinary
      kallikrein were significantly increased by the low sodium diet (0.02 mmole per
      day). Bradykinin levels did not change. Plasma renin and blood angiotensin I were
      closely linearly related over the range of sodium intakes. Both were associated
      positively with urinary kallikrein excretion. Converting enzyme inhibition caused
      prompt, significant changes in plasma renin activity, endogenous circulating
      angiotensin I, and bradykinin. The changes in circulating hormone levels were
      dose dependent. Blood angiotensin I levels showed a greater responsiveness than
      blood bradykinin levels. Plasma renin activity and blood angiotensin I levels are
      closely related after converting enzyme inhibition. Both increased plasma renin,
      and impaired clearance of angiotensin I may contribute to blood angiotensin I
      levels. Difference in responsiveness of blood angiotensin I and blood bradykinin
      levels after inhibition suggests that other independent controls of the
      circulating levels of these hormones exist.

PMID- 390991
TI  - The vasotoxicity of the lysosomal contents from the renal cortex.
AB  - The retained proteins (fraction B: rich in renin) and the not retained proteins
      (fraction A: no renin activity) were obtained from the concanavalin A affinity
      column chromatography of the lysosomal contents from the hog renal cortex.
      Intraperitoneal injection of fraction A, B and highly purified renin produced
      angionecrosis of fibrinoid type of the small arteries and arterioles in the
      bilaterally nephrectomized rats. The angionecrosis producing activity
      (vasotoxicity) as well as vasopressor activity of fraction B were prevented
      completely by the oral administration of SQ14225. Although fraction A
      demonstrated no renin activity, intraperitoneal injection of fraction A produced
      gradual and transient elevation of blood pressure and fibrinoid necrosis which
      was milder and less consistent as compared with fraction B. The vasotoxicity as
      well as the transient vasopressor activity of fraction A were completely
      abolished also by the previous administration of oral SQ14225.

PMID- 390992
TI  - The role of high molecular weight kininogen in contact activation of coagulation,
      fibrinolysis and kinin generation.

PMID- 390994
TI  - GABA receptor agonists: relationship between structure and biological activity in
      vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 390993
TI  - GABA transaminase inhibitors.
AB  - In summary, several branched-chain fatty acids appeared to be competitive
      inhibitors of GABA-T and non-competitive inhibitors of SSADH. These compounds
      produce an increase in brain GABA level, and for two of these it was shown that
      the increase differs among various brain areas. An increase of GABA cannot be
      obtained by inhibition of SSADH. The increase in brain GABA seems to correlate
      with the anticonvulsant activity of branched-chain fatty acids.

PMID- 390995
TI  - Involvement of central GABA-ergic systems in convulsions and aggressive behavior.

PMID- 390996
TI  - L-Glutamate decarboxylase.
AB  - Much progress has been made in recent years regarding enzymological aspects of
      mammalian brain GAD, such as its purification and characterization, but some
      uncertainty still remains concerning its molecular weight and forms, and its
      subunit structure. The availability of antibodies to this enzyme has allowed
      immunocytochemical studies which have provided important information on the
      intrinsic organization of GABA-ergic neurones in the CNS, particularly in the
      cerebellum and nigrostriatal pathway. With the increased understanding of the
      enzymology of GAD and the distribution of central GABA-ergic neurones, it is
      becoming feasible to study the regulatory biochemistry of GAD in terms of control
      and adaptive mechanisms at the cellular level. In our own laboratory, as well as
      in others, initial approaches have already begun. Obviously, cellular regulation
      of this phenotypic enzyme is an important issue for the understanding of GABA
      ergic neurones and their functions.

PMID- 390997
TI  - Influenza virus genetics.

PMID- 390999
TI  - Hereditary anemias of the mouse: a review for geneticists.

PMID- 390998
TI  - Mechanisms of genetic sex determination, gonadal sex differentiation, and germ
      cell development in animals.

PMID- 391000
TI  - Xylitol and oral health.

PMID- 391001
TI  - Metabolic and nutritional aspects of xylitol.

PMID- 391002
TI  - Prophylaxis of thromboembolism.

PMID- 391003
TI  - Colonoscopy updated.

PMID- 391004
TI  - Current burn therapy.

PMID- 391005
TI  - Blood and blood substitutes: current practice.
AB  - We have seen that the vast majority of previously healthy patients can tolerate a
      significant reduction in red cell mass without adverse effect on oxygen
      consumption. For these patients, volume replenishment with electrolyte solutions
      will adequately restore blood volume and cardiac output. Colloid solutions offer
      no advantage over electrolyte solutions, certainly are more expensive and may
      even be harmful. For patients who need restoration of oxygen-carrying capacity,
      washed, packed red cell administration is the therapy of choice, and frozen,
      thawed red cells represent optimal utilization of a scarce commodity. Other
      components, such as fresh frozen plasma, factor VIII or IX concentrates and
      platelets, are not indicated unless a specific deficiency exists. Autologous
      blood, using one of the techniques described above, is a safe and effective means
      of replacing lost red cells in special circumstances. The use of these
      techniques, combined with realistic ordering of homologous blood for elective
      surgical procedures, should act in concert to relieve shortages of blood.

PMID- 391007
TI  - Effects of BCG, levamisole and PS-K on the rejection of male skin grafts by
      female mice.
AB  - Rejection of male skin grafts by BALB/c female mice was accelerated by one s.c.
      injection of BCG (5 X 10(5) microorganisms/mouse) into recipients on the day of
      transplantation. Levamisole 20 mg/kg injected similarly was without any effect.
      Protein-bound polysaccharide Kureha (PS-K) injected 250 mg/kg s.c. or i.p. once
      every other day from the day of transplantation stimulated graft rejection. The
      s.c. route was more effective than the i.p. route. These results show that, in
      sex-linked graft rejection in mice, PS-K has an immunostimulant action similar to
      that of BCG. This property may be important to the antineoplastic activity of PS
      K.

PMID- 391006
TI  - On the action of combination bronchodilators.

PMID- 391011
TI  - Avian immune response to Mycobacterium avium strains of different virulence.

PMID- 391010
TI  - Regular dialysis treatment II.

PMID- 391008
TI  - Are phospholipases involved in platelet activation?

PMID- 391009
TI  - Organization and role of platelet membrane phospholipids as studied with purified
      phospholipases.

PMID- 391013
TI  - Use of behavior modification with hearing-impaired subjects.

PMID- 391012
TI  - Effect of heat-stable E. coli enterotoxin (ST) on infant rat model.

PMID- 391014
TI  - Locating a missing IUD by ultrasonography.

PMID- 391015
TI  - 'Orphaned' drugs to be tested under new FDA program.

PMID- 391016
TI  - Medicaid hasn't kept pace--treat pharmacy equitably.

PMID- 391017
TI  - Aspirin--more roles for America's most widely used drug.

PMID- 391018
TI  - Pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine--strange success story.

PMID- 391019
TI  - Epidermal growth factor-like material in rat submandibular gland.
AB  - By using an antiserum specific for mouse epidermal growth factor (EGF), only the
      granular convoluted tubule (GCT) cells revealed immunochemical staining in rat
      submandibular glands. There was no regular sexual difference in the frequency or
      size of immunoreactive cells. Extracts of gland contained an antigen which showed
      a complete cross-reactivity with mouse EGF in radioimmunoassays. The relative
      amounts of EGF, determined by a heterologous radioimmunoassay, were not
      significantly different in the glands of rats of the two sexes. Administration of
      testosterone caused an increase, in both sexes, in the number of GCT cells
      stained for EGF and in the amount of EGF in the gland. There was no significant
      sexual differeence in these two parameters after androgen treatment.

PMID- 391020
TI  - Laboratory prediction of the carrier state in hemophilia B: role of replication
      of assays.
AB  - The authors studied the effect of averaging replicated assays of Factor IX
      coagulation activity and Factor IX antigen on each plasma specimen in improving
      the ability to detect carriers of hemophilia B. The improvement resulting from
      this procedure is particularly marked in tests depending on the linear regression
      of one characteristic on another to diagnose the carrier state. The effects of
      averaging assays on the ratio of Factor IX coagulation activity to Factor IX
      antigen were also explored. The benefits of averaging replications were not
      greatly increased by use of more than four replications.

PMID- 391021
TI  - Hepatitis B-associated membranous glomerulonephritis in a child.
AB  - This appears to be the first reported case of membranous glomerulonephritis in a
      pediatric asymptomatic carrier of hepatitis B virus in North America. Routine
      immunofluorescent methods were used to identify the hepatitis B surface antigen
      in glomeruli. In addition, the glomerular immune deposits were searched for the
      known ultrastructural forms of the virus.

PMID- 391022
TI  - In memoriam: Frank Wilbur Hartman, M.D. 1890-1979.

PMID- 391023
TI  - William Boyd, M.D., L.L.D. (1885-1979).

PMID- 391024
TI  - Current status of marrow transplantation for aplastic anemia and acute leukemia:
      The Philip Levine Award Lecture.

PMID- 391025
TI  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase immunofluorescence of bone marrow smears:
      experience in 156 cases.
AB  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is a valuable marker for non-B-, non
      T-, and T-cell lymphoblastic disorders. Determination of TdT activity by
      enzymatic assay is laborious and requires fresh cells. The authors evaluated a
      new technic for TdT determination, using indirect immunofluorescence on air-dried
      bone marrow smears. Specimens from 156 consecutive patients with hematologic,
      oncologic, and other disease states were tested. The TdT visualization by
      indirect immunofluorescence gives results comparable to those previously reported
      for lymphoproliferative disorders. Several unusual cases with positive TdT were
      uncovered. TdT by indirect immunofluorescence is a convenient and rapid technic
      that enables easier access to TdT determinations than the enzymatic assay.

PMID- 391026
TI  - Extralobar pulmonary sequestration: analysis of 15 cases.
AB  - Extralobar pulmonary sequestrations occurring in 15 patients were studied. Twelve
      of the lesions were discovered during the first day of life; all of these
      patients died. The lesions occurred more often in male patients (11 cases).
      Polyhydramnios was present in four infants, and these four plus an additional
      infant had localized or generalized edema. Associated congenital anomalies were
      present in ten patients, including three examples each of diaphragmatic hernia
      and bronchogenic cyst. In one case the extralobar pulmonary sequestration was
      composed entirely of a congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. In one other
      case, congenital adenomatoid malformation was present in a nonsequestered portion
      of lung. Significant lymphatic dilatation was found in four cases, two of which
      resembled congenital lymphangiectasis. Hyaline membranes, present in the normal
      lungs of three preterm infants, were absent in extralobar pulmonary
      sequestrations.

PMID- 391027
TI  - Diagnostic cytology of cerebrospinal fluid by the cytocentrifuge method.
AB  - Seven hundred seventy-five cerebrospinal fluid samples from 748 patients with
      neurologic and non-neurologic disorders were studied by a modified cytocentrifuge
      technic for diagnostic evaluation. The technic proved to be simple, rapid, and
      inexpensive, and provided consistently good artifact-free morphologic detail
      suitable for differential and cytochemical analysis. Specimens from 525 patients
      (70%) had normal cytologic characteristics regardless of underlying condition.
      Examination of the cerebrospinal fluids of 40 patients (5%) revealed hemorrhage,
      confirming the presence of intracranial hemorrhage. Inflammatory reactions of
      various types (acute, chronic, and mixed) were encountered in 120 patients (16%).
      The appearance of neoplastic cells in cerebrospinal fluid was sometimes the first
      indication of malignancy. Twenty-six patients (4%) had tumor cells of various
      types in their cerebrospinal fluids on initial examination. Twenty patients (3%)
      had abnormal cells initially classified as suspect for malignancy; tumor cells
      subsequently were found in the spinal fluids of 11 of these, while five were
      proven to have neoplasms at autopsy without having had tumor cells found in their
      cerebrospinal fluids. There was no false-positive result. Samples of
      cerebrospinal fluid from 17 patients (2%) were classified as non-diagnostic,
      usually because of autolysis.

PMID- 391028
TI  - Comparison of three transport systems for recovery of aerobes and anaerobes from
      wounds.
AB  - A clinical evaluation of three commercially available transport systems
      (Anaerobic Specimen Collector, Becton-Dickenson; Anaswab, Scott Laboratories; and
      Trans-Cul, Wampole) was done, using as subjects 75 patients suspected of having
      infections. Holding times were purposely varied and ranged from 30 min to 48
      hours. Totals of 22 aerobic species and 15 anaerobic species were isolated. There
      was essentially no difference among the three systems in the recoveries of
      aerobic or anaerobic organisms. Discrepancies appeared to be related to the order
      of collection and amount of clinical material available for culture. Time delay
      from collection to plating did not affect the recovery of aerobes or anaerobes.
      The three systems performed equally in the recovery of clinically significant
      pathogens from purulent clinical material.

PMID- 391029
TI  - A semiquantitative culture technic for identifying infection due to steel needles
      used for intravenous therapy.
AB  - Using steel intravneous needles obtained from patients with hematologic
      malignancies, the authors evaluated the efficacy of a semiquantitative method for
      culturing vascular cannulas on solid medium, comparing it with conventional broth
      culture. Of 148 needles studied, 140 (95%) were negative on semiquantitative
      culture (less than 15 colonies on the plate) although 38 produced growth in broth
      or on the plate; none of these needles caused septicemia. Eight needles were
      positive on semiquantitative culture (greater than or equal to 15 colonies), and
      two of these caused septicemia (P = .002). Positive semiquantitative cultures
      were associated with local inflammation (P = .02). Semiquantitative culturing was
      equal to the broth method in sensitivity (100%) in the diagnosis of needle
      related septicemia; specificity (96% vs. 92%) and the predictive value of a
      positive needle culture (25% vs. 14%) were both enhanced with the
      semiquantitative method. The semiquantitative technic differentiates infection
      from contamination and offers other major advantages compared with the broth
      method, and is recommended for culturing steel needles as well as plastic
      catheters.

PMID- 391032
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: antimicrobial spectrum, pharmacology and therapeutic use of
      cefamandole and cefoxitin.

PMID- 391033
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: methenamine mandelate and methenamine hippurate.
AB  - The mechanism of action, spectrum of antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetics,
      adverse effects, therapeutic use, and dosage of methenamine hippurate and
      methenamine mandelate are reviewed. The antimicrobial activity of methenamine
      depends on its conversion in the urine to formaldehyde. Formaldehyde's spectrum
      of antibacterial activity encompasses all urinary tract pathogens. Urinary
      concentrations of formaldehyde vary with pH and urine volume; however, there is
      no documentation that acdification of the urine enhances methenamine's
      therapeutic activity. Adverse reactions to methenamine, including
      gastrointestinal intolerance and skin reactions, are mild and reversible and
      occur infrequently. Methenamine mandelate and hippurate are effective in the
      prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections except in patients with Foley
      catheters or who require intermittent catheterization.

PMID- 391034
TI  - Nutritional aspects of malabsorption. Short gut adaptation.
AB  - Adaptation of remaining small bowel after extensive intestinal resection plays an
      important part in maintaining adequate nutrition. The metabolic consequences of
      short bowel depend upon the anatomic extent of bowel removed, the functional
      condition of remaining digestive organs and the degree to which adaptive changes
      occur. The pathophysiology of short bowel results primarily from the abnormal
      absorption of nutrients and selective metabolites leading to malnutrition and
      other organ complications. Nutrients in the lumen of the small intestine are
      required to stimulate the process of intestinal adaptation (mucosal hyperplasia).
      This stimulation may be mediated via direct mucosal absorption or metabolism of
      nutrients, the presence of pancreaticobiliary secretions in the intestine,
      trophic effects of circulating enteric hormones, or neurovascular influences.
      Understanding the mechanisms by which mucosal growth may be stimulated could lead
      to important clinical applications.

PMID- 391035
TI  - Aspects of vitamin B12 and folate metabolism in malabsorption syndromes.

PMID- 391036
TI  - The contaminated small bowel syndrome.
AB  - Contamination of the small bowel with an abnormal microflora causes a variety of
      disturbances of intraluminal digestion and of mucosal function resulting in
      malabsorption of fat, protein, carbohydrate, electrolytes and vitamin B12.
      Indirect clinical tests for the presence of small bowel bacterial overgrowth must
      be supported by careful roentgenologic examination of the small intestine and
      intestinal aspiration studies to establish a firm pretreatment diagnosis.
      However, the reversal of absorptive defects by antibacterial therapy is valuable
      confirmatory evidence.

PMID- 391037
TI  - Parasites ana malabsorption.
AB  - Intestinal parasites not only cause diarrheal illnesses but may also cause
      significant malabsorption in man. Separation of true malabsorption caused by a
      particular parasite from other factors that may coexist with and even mimic
      malabsorption, such as malnutrition may be very difficult. Despite these
      problems, it appears that giardiasis, coccidiasis, strongyloidiasis and
      capillariasis cause malabsorption of many important nutrients. D. latum interfere
      with vitamin B12 absorption.

PMID- 391038
TI  - Update on gluten-sensitive enteropathy.

PMID- 391039
TI  - Clinical usefulness and reproducibility of histologic subclassification of
      advanced diffuse histiocytic lymphoma.
AB  - Thirty-one patients with stage III and IV diffuse histiocytic lymphoma (DHL) were
      treated uniformly with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisone
      (CHOP). The patients were subclassified independently by two hematopathologists
      into groups with predominantly large noncleaved cells (eight patients),
      predominantly large cleaved cells (seven patients), a mixture of large cleaved
      cells and large noncleaved cells (11 patients), tumors with the characteristics
      of immunoblastic sarcomas (two patients) and unclassified (three patients). The
      concurrence rate on applying the subclassification was 85 per cent. Survival in
      patients with large noncleaved cells was superior to that of the other patients
      as a group (p less than 0.001), and to that of those with large cleaved cells (p
      less than 0.05) and large cleaved and large noncleaved cells (p less than 0.025).
      All the patients with large noncleaved cells are alive and "off" therapy without
      evidence of progressive disease. This histologic subclassification seems to
      identify a subgroup of patients with advanced diffuse histiocytic lymphoma having
      large noncleaved cells who have an excellent prognosis when treated with CHOP.

PMID- 391040
TI  - Fat malabsorption--advances in our understanding.
AB  - The intestinal absorption of triglyceride constitutes a multistep process with
      active involvement of the pancreatobiliary system, the intestine and lymphatics.
      It is only through the integrated function of these organs that dietary
      triglyceride can be efficiently absorbed and delivered to the peripheral blood
      for subsequent metabolism. In this review we discuss each aspect of triglyceride
      absorption and chylomicron formation and illustrate how various diseases may
      interfere with the process resulting in fat malabsorption. In addition, the role
      of the intestine as a major synthetic source of lipoprotein constituents for
      circulating lipoproteins is discussed.

PMID- 391041
TI  - Workplace contamination when performing the slide catalase test.
AB  - This small study indicates that utilization of the slide catalase test
      potentially may contaminate the workplace and also the technologist performing
      the test. Suggested precautions when performing this test are made.

PMID- 391043
TI  - Brachydactyly C, short stature, and hip dysplasia.
AB  - Short stature may be a component of the brachydactyly C syndrome. A family is
      presented in which the propositus has brachydactyly C, short stature, and hip
      dysplasia.

PMID- 391042
TI  - Well differentiated thyroid carcinoma: epidemiology, etiology and treatment.
AB  - The well differentiated thyroid carcinomas are uncommon but are increasing in
      frequency. This increase may be related to the recognition that even low doses of
      irradiation to the thyroid may be carcinogenic with a latency period of 10, 20 or
      more years to clinical tumor expression. Although unproven for human cancers,
      elevated TSH levels will enhance irradiation-associated tumor development in
      animal models. Currently, a large portion of the population is at an increased
      risk of developing thyroid cancer because of head and neck irradiation received
      from 1920 to 1950 for various benign conditions or more recently for the
      treatment of lymphoma or carcinoma. Whether these individuals should receive
      thyroid hormone suppression of TSH is not known but careful yearly evaluation is
      essential followed by open surgical biopsy chould a nodule develop. Treatment of
      the well differentiated thyroid carcinoma is controversial due to a lack of
      adequate long-term, controlled trials. Based on current data, it is the author's
      opinion that surgery should in most cases be followed with radioactive iodine
      ablation of all remaining tissue which can concentrate iodine followed by
      lifelong thyroid hormone replacement sufficient to correct hypothyroidism and
      suppress thyroid stimulating hormone. All patients require close follow-up with
      examination and, possibly, imaging for 20 or more years.

PMID- 391044
TI  - Failure of penicillin to eradicate group B streptococcal colonization in the
      pregnant woman. A couple study.
AB  - Prophylactic treatment of couples with oral penicillin has been recommended as a
      means of eradicating GBS from the parturient female. In 1977 and 1978 this
      hypothesis was tested in an investigation of couples from a middle and upper
      socioeconomic group in Houston, Texas. A group of 40 women, known to be colonized
      with GBS during the third trimester of pregnancy, and their husbands were treated
      simultaneously with oral penicillin. Patients were recultured 3 weeks following
      completion of therapy and at the time of delivery. At the time of delivery 67% of
      the women remained colonized with GBS. This percentage does not differ
      substantially from that obtained in a series of untreated colonized women. This
      study demonstrates that oral penicillin treatment of couples is not an effective
      means of reducing maternal colonization at the time of delivery.

PMID- 391045
TI  - Cervical priming prior to first-trimester suction abortion with a single 15
      methyl-prostaglandin F2 alpha vaginal suppository.

PMID- 391046
TI  - Visual results after penetrating keratoplasty for aphakic bullous keratopathy and
      Fuchs' dystrophy.

PMID- 391047
TI  - Application of specific red blood cell adherence test to the human cornea and
      conjunctiva.
AB  - We modified the specific red blood cell adherence test used in the study of blood
      group antigens to apply to the human cornea and conjuctiva. For the first time
      this test was applied to these ocular tissues with considerably specificity and
      sensitivity. The test revealed a concentration of blood group antigens in the
      epithelium of cornea and conjunctiva and along the corneal endothelium, whereas
      it was absent in the stroma. The test is useful in studying ABO compatibility in
      corneal transplants.

PMID- 391048
TI  - Multiple cranial nerve palsies in late metastasis of midline malignant
      reticulosis.
AB  - A 12-year-old man had a sudden onset of multiple cranial nerve palsies after
      treatment for a necrotizing lesion of the soft palate two years previously. It
      was thought that neurologic signs were secondary to extension of the local
      disease and radiation therapy to the base of the brain was begun. The patient
      died shortly thereafter. A diffuse atypical histiocytic lymphoma involving
      multiple cranial nerves, lumbosacral nerves, orbital muscles, and other organs
      was found on autopsy. Initial nasopharyngeal biopsy and autopsy findings were
      compatible with midline malignant reticulosis, a malignant lesion of the upper
      airway sometimes associated with metastasis. Our case is the first reported
      autopsy-documented case, to the best of our knowledge, of metastatic involvement
      of the cranial nerves in midline malignant reticulosis.

PMID- 391049
TI  - Corneal transplantation in familial dysautonomia.
AB  - A 15-year-old girl with familial dysautonomia had acute corneal ulcerations while
      on a respiratory during a dysautonomic crisis. Within 18 days she developed
      irritating corneal ring calcifications. Subsequent corneal perforation in the
      left eye was treated successfully with a lamellar graft, followed later by a
      penetrating graft in the right eye under local anesthesia. Four days
      postoperatively, the patient died during a vomiting crisis. Neuropathologic
      studies showed marked cell reduction in the superior cervical and trigeminal
      ganglia, but slight in the ciliary. The foveas appeared immature and macular
      ganglion cells were mildly reduced. The corneal button and lamellar grafted
      cornea had severe thinning and superficial calcification.  Keratoplasty in
      familial dysautonomia is considered hazardous because of the continual threat of
      vomiting crises, but with sufficient care may be worthwhile for corneal
      perforation or advanced corneal scarring.

PMID- 391050
TI  - Corneal edema with several hard corneal contact lenses.
AB  - Five patients were each fitted with polymethylacrylate (PMMA), BP Flex, and
      Polycon corneal contact lenses of the same dimensions. Corneal edema was
      monitored with a slit-lamp biomicroscope and pachometer. Lenses were worn in a
      double-masked and random sequence for periods of 6 hr. Patients developed less
      corneal edema with Polycon lenses than with PMMA lenses. There was no significant
      difference in corneal edema with PMMA and BP Flex lenses. Those patients who
      developed little corneal edema with optimum-fitting PMMA lenses also developed
      little edema with the BP Flex and Polycon lenses. Steeper-fitting PMMA and BP
      Flex lenses produced more corneal edema than optimum-fitting lenses made of the
      same materials, while steeper-fitting Polycon lenses produced only slightly more
      edema than the optimum-fitting Polycon lenses.

PMID- 391052
TI  - An over-refraction program for the TI 59 card-programmable calculator.
AB  - Over-refraction provides a powerful method for the refractive examination of the
      aphakic or highly ametropic patient. Nevertheless, in the past, practical
      difficulties that attend mathematical or graphical combination of over-refraction
      and original spherocylinders have tended to limit the clinical use of over
      refraction methods. Programmable calculators, now available inexpensively, render
      over-refraction clinically practical. An over-refraction program for the Texas
      Instruments TI-59 Card-Programmable Calculator is presented. Program running
      time, exclusive of data entry and readout, is under 15 sec.

PMID- 391051
TI  - Obituary: John Collins Neill, 1902--1978.

PMID- 391053
TI  - Jaw muscle silent periods before and after rapid palatal expansion.
AB  - 1. The electromyographic silent period was observed in jaw-closing muscles during
      a maximal clench following a tap to the mandibular symphysis in eight subjects
      before and after rapid palatal expansion. 2. No differences in mean silent period
      duration were observed among the three jaw-closing muscles examined. 3. A large
      (r = 0.96) and statistically significant (p less than 0.01) correlation
      coefficient between two sets of silent period durations at one session indicates
      that these measurements are repeatable and reliable. 4. The mean silent period
      duration for the eight patients with malocclusions was 33.5 msec. prior to rapid
      palatal expansion and 51.2 msec. after the completion of palatal expansion. The
      difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01) and represents a 61
      percent increase. 5. Patients with symptoms of TMJ dysfunction are not the only
      group showing a prolonged silent period duration.

PMID- 391054
TI  - In memoriam. Sidney Licht, M.D., 1908--1979. Member editorial board, American
      Journal of Physical Medicine, 1952--1979.

PMID- 391055
TI  - Sidney Licht, M.D., a man of many seasons.

PMID- 391056
TI  - J. Lawrence Angel.

PMID- 391057
TI  - Morphometrics of compact bone: an example from Sudanese Nubia.

PMID- 391058
TI  - Disease and mortality in the Early Bronze Age people of Bab edh-Dhra, Jordan.
AB  - During the 1977 field season at the Early Bronze Age site of Bab edh-Dhra 92
      individuals were recovered from underground shaft tomb chambers. Morbid
      conditions found in these skeletons include trauma, possibly two cases of
      tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, post-menopausal osteoporosis and congenital
      anomalies. Of the 92 skeletons recovered 56 (61%) were 18 years of age or older,
      28 (30%) were between 1 and 18 years of age and 8 (9%) were less than one year of
      age.

PMID- 391059
TI  - Human treponematosis and tuberculosis: evidence from the New World.
AB  - The purpose of this study has been first, to critically review the evidence for
      the presence of human treponematosis and tuberculosis in the skeletal remains of
      prehistoric natives in the New World, and second, to report on nine new cases
      dated to before contact and suggesting the presence of these two disease
      conditions. A review of the medical history and findings by human
      paleopathologists leaves little doubt that both diseases originated in the Old
      World. The findings of this study lend further support to the fact that, although
      rare, human treponematosis and tuberculosis were indeed endemic in the pre
      Columbia New World before contact. There is no evidence that these two diseases
      could have arisen independently and de novo, especially during the relatively
      short time since man's arrival in the New World. Where a disease has been endemic
      for quite some time as appears to be the case with human treponematosis and
      tuberculosis, milder forms of the disease and improved host response could have
      developed in which only the most severe cases would be observable. This explains
      the rarity of skeletal lesions suggestive of these two human disease conditions
      in prehistoric human populations.

PMID- 391060
TI  - Log-linear analysis of dental caries occurrence in four skeletal series.
AB  - Four skeletal series (Corinth, Greece; Gran Quivira, New Mexico; Semna South,
      Sudanese Nubia, and a large group from scattered sites in England) were coded for
      sex, jaw, tooth group, dental attrition, dental caries, site and time period.
      Through thec concepts of a basal level of caries and a cariosity gradient, a
      single model was found which best described the occurrence of this disease in
      these samples. All factors were found to contribute significantly to the model.
      Within the possible subsamples the general characteristics are that the profiles
      of males, of the mandibulae and of those with light attrition are more likely to
      have lower overall dental caries levels  and to be relatively more carious in the
      back of the mouth than the front when compared to the pooled sample of all teeth
      and caries. The opposite is also found to be generally true; the teeth of
      females, maxillae and heavy attrition are associated with more caries, especially
      toward the front of the mouth. These results imply that samples appearing
      otherwise homogeneous display much variation. They also reveal distinct
      regularities in the reactions of diverse human groups to dental caries.

PMID- 391061
TI  - Health and differential survival in prehistoric populations: prenatal dental
      defects.
AB  - Linear hypoplasia of the deciduous teeth is rare in most human populations, but
      common where nutritional status is poor. Deciduous enamel hypoplasia,
      hypocalcification, and hypoplasia-related caries are described in Middle and Late
      Woodland skeletal series from the Lower Illinois Valley. Gross enamel defects
      that can be referred to pre-natal development are found in 83 of 170 children
      under six years of age at death. Circular caries secondary to hypoplasia is
      significantly more common in the Late Woodland series, reflecting the apparent
      higher cariogenicity of Late Woodland diets. There is a significant association
      between prenatal dental defects and bony evidence for anemia and infectious
      disease. Children with enamel defects show relatively higher weaning age
      mortality than those without. These relationships suggest that at least moderate
      levels of malnutrition existed in Illinois Woodland populations.

PMID- 391062
TI  - Skeletal evidence for kneeling in prehistoric Ecuador.
AB  - Bony changes on the superior distal surface of the metatarsals and the superior
      proximal surface of the first proximal foot phalanx are described in a
      prehistoric skeletal sample from Coastal Ecuador. The location and morphology of
      the alterations, as well as their association with femoral "squatting facets"
      strongly suggests they were produced by prolonged hyperdorsiflexion of the toes,
      probably resulting from habitual kneeling posture. Comparative data are presented
      from five other New World skeletal samples.

PMID- 391063
TI  - Chronic blockade of angiotensin II formation during sodium deprivation.
AB  - The present study was designed to investigate the mechanisms by which the renin
      angiotensin system (RAS) regulates arterial pressure (AP) and renal function
      during chronic sodium deprivation. Intravenous infusion of the converting enzyme
      inhibitor SQ 14225 (14 microgram.kg-1.mm-1) for 8 days in 12 sodium-deficient
      dogs caused a marked decrease in AP from 90 +/- 1 to 67 +/- 2 mmHg and a
      reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), filtration fraction (FF), and
      plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC). Despite the fall in AP and GFR, urinary
      Na excretion and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) increased above control
      levels. In four dogs, infusion of aldosterone (200 micrograms/day) for 8 days
      during continuous SQ 14225 infusion restored PAC to levels above control, but did
      not significantly change AP or renal function from the values observed during SQ
      14225 infusion alone. However, infusion of angiotensin II (AII) (10 or 20 ng.kg
      1.min-1) for 5--8 days during continuous SQ 14225 infusion almost completely
      restored AP and renal function to control levels. These data indicate that the
      RAS plays a major role in regulating AP, renal hemodynamics, and Na excretion
      during Na deprivation, probably through the direct effects of AII rather than
      through changes in PAC.

PMID- 391064
TI  - Paul Thomas Young: 1892-1978.

PMID- 391065
TI  - Alexei Nikolaevich Leont'ev: 1903-1979.

PMID- 391066
TI  - [Current treatment of the anovulatory cycle in women].

PMID- 391068
TI  - [Our experience in using the Bulgarian cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive in cesarean
      section (preliminary report)].

PMID- 391069
TI  - The effects of alcohol on anxiety in problem- and nonproblem-drinking women.
AB  - Nonclinical samples of female problem and nonproblem drinkers were compared for
      their reactions to experimentally manipulated anxiety under alcohol-free and
      alcohol-dose conditions. The problem drinkers showed more subjective anxiety
      reduction, were higher in trait anxiety, and experienced more physical and
      psychosocial life problems.

PMID- 391067
TI  - [Clinical trial of the combined contraceptive preparation, Ovidon].

PMID- 391070
TI  - Utilization of medical services by alcoholics participating in an outpatient
      treatment program.
AB  - Utilization of medical services by alcoholics participating in an outpatient
      alcoholism treatment program was examined, comparing these with alcoholics who
      chose not to participate.

PMID- 391071
TI  - Physicians treated for alcoholism: a follow-up study.
AB  - Studying alcoholism and chemical dependency among members of the medical
      profession, the authors discovered that, despite the special problems associated
      with alcoholic physicians, the number responding to treatment and showing
      improvement is high, and the overall results are encouraging.

PMID- 391072
TI  - Alcoholism and nutrition: a seminar.

PMID- 391073
TI  - Genetic factors in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
AB  - The authors study the role of thiamine-deficient diets in genetic variations
      contributing to Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

PMID- 391074
TI  - Alterations in zinc, vitamin A, and retinol-binding protein in chronic
      alcoholics: a possible mechanism for night blindness and hypogonadism.
AB  - Deficiencies in zinc and vitamin A may play a role in the night blindness and
      hypogonadism of some chronic alcoholics; abstinence and zinc and vitamin A
      therapy may be of some benefit in these processes.

PMID- 391075
TI  - Effects of ethanol on the determinants of intestinal transport.
AB  - The interplay between the stomach, liver, pancreas, and the small intestine and
      their influence on the effects of ethanol on the determinants of intestinal
      transport are examined.

PMID- 391076
TI  - On being the offspring of an alcoholic: an update.
AB  - Reporting on research advances in a previous review of the literature, this
      article discusses the relative lack of controlled and prospective studies, the
      need for more treatment resources, the vulnerability of children of alcoholic
      parents compared to those of parents with other psychiatric diagnoses, and
      speculates on the sources of strength of the competent child of alcoholic
      parents.

PMID- 391077
TI  - Ethanol, calcium, and naloxone in mice.
AB  - Alcohol has been reported to produce a significant reduction in the brain calcium
      content of rats, which could be blocked by administration of naloxone. Ethanol
      pretreatment failed to decrease brain cortex calcium and, in fact, increased the
      calcium content at higher doses. The effects of naloxone were also studied.

PMID- 391078
TI  - Treatment of alcoholism.

PMID- 391079
TI  - Alcohol research: quo vadis?

PMID- 391080
TI  - Human stomach alcohol dehydrogenase: isoenzyme composition and catalytic
      properties.
AB  - Two isoenzymes of alcohol dehydrogenase have been purified from human stomach and
      characterized with regard to electrophoretic mobility and kinetic properties with
      ethanol, hexanol, and acetaldehyde. Both undergo a time-dependent formation of
      multiple electrophoretic bands; the total amount of alcohol dehydrogenase
      activity in an average human stomach is only about 0.2% of that of the liver.

PMID- 391081
TI  - The effects of chronic and acute alcohol administration on fetal development in
      the rat.
AB  - The effects of chronic alcohol administration and acute maternal oral alcohol
      intake on fetal development in rats were investigated, both regimens causing
      substantial increase in fetal mortality. Decrease body, brain, heart, kidney, and
      liver weight did not appear to be due to zinc deficiency.

PMID- 391082
TI  - Cupro-zinc superoxide dismutase: a possible biologic marker for alcoholism
      (studies in black patients).
AB  - Cupro-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) was measured by competition radioimmune
      assay of erythrocyte lysates of alcoholic and control subjects. Normal amounts of
      SOD-1 were found in the extract from control subjects (815 ng/mg Hb) and from
      white alcoholics (874 ng/mg Hb). However, the level of SOD-1 in lysates from
      black alcoholics (1033 ng/mg Hb) was significantly increased (p = 0.0001, rank
      sum test) compared with black and white controls. This increase was not related
      to any other observed hematologic disorder or to any historical, demographic, or
      laboratory value examined.

PMID- 391083
TI  - Alcohol problems and the availability of alcohol.
AB  - This study assesses the statistical effects of the physical availability of
      alcohol as measured by the number of liquor store employees per 100,000 persons.
      Controlling for the effects of per capita income and urbanism, it is found that
      there are effects of physical availability on current tangible consequences but
      not on alcoholism rates or frequent heavy drinking.

PMID- 391084
TI  - Evaluation of treatment.

PMID- 391085
TI  - Critical evaluation of alcoholism treatment--a seminar presented at the Annual
      Medical-Scientific Conference, 1979.

PMID- 391086
TI  - Life-table analysis of treatment outcome following 185 consecutive alcoholism
      halfway house discharges.

PMID- 391087
TI  - Toward a rapprochement of empirical and clinical injury in evaluation of
      psychologically oriented alcoholism treatment.
AB  - The need to synthesize clinical and empirical considerations in naturalistic
      studies of psychologically oriented alcoholism treatment is discussed. Well done
      naturalistic studies are viewed as a necessary complement to more traditional
      controlled studies of treatment in order to maintain an interface of clinicall
      reality with scientific respectability. A general clinical framework and
      scientific model for naturalistic study are proposed by which scientific and
      clinical considerations may be reconciled.

PMID- 391088
TI  - Effect of modification of brain serotonin (5-HT) on ethanol tolerance.
AB  - The effects of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine and L-tryptophan treatment on ethanol
      tolerance in the rat, as measured by the moving-belt test of motor impairment and
      by hypothermia, were examined in separate studies. A 2 x 2 design was used for
      all experiments. 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine (200 microgram in 20 microliter CSF) or
      vehicle alone was administered once into both lateral ventricles of the rat.
      Desmethylimipramine was administered intraperitoneally prior to an
      intraventricular injection of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine to prevent the destruction
      of norepinephrine. L-Tryptophan (75 mg/kg p.o. twice daily) or water was
      administered chronically. Ethanol (4--5 g/kg p.o.) or sucrose was given daily,
      and the development of tolerance was monitored at 5--7-day intervals. Chronic
      ethanol treatment produced tolerance to both the motor impairment and hypothermia
      effects of ethanol. 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine and L-tryptophan treatment did not
      alter either the motor impairment or hypothermia produced by the initial dose of
      ethanol. 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine produced a 75% depletion of brain 5-HT and
      slowed the development of tolerance to ethanol in both measurements. In contrast,
      elevation of 5-HT by L-tryptophan (39% increase by a single dose) facilitated the
      development of tolerance to ethanol, as seen in both measures. These findings
      support our hypothesis that brain 5-HT has a modulating role in the development
      of tolerance to ethanol.

PMID- 391089
TI  - Interaction of salsolinol and tetrahydropapaveroline with catecholamines.
AB  - Formation of aberrant amine metabolites, tetrahydroisoquinolines (TIQs) has been
      hypothesized to account for some of the effects of ethanol. These compounds have
      been shown to interact with catecholamine neurons in a variety of ways by in
      vitro techniques. The most interesting facet of these alkaloids, however, is the
      fact that they cause an increase in preference for and voluntary consumption of
      ethanol when administered into the ventricle of the rat in exceedingly low
      amounts. Investigation of the neurochemical effects in vivo of two of the TIQs
      tetrahydropapaveroline (THP) and salsolinol, indicates that they influence
      several aspects of presynaptic catecholamine function when examined acutely. The
      mechanism of action responsible for the radical long-lasting behavioral effects
      of these substances has yet to be defined.

PMID- 391090
TI  - Presentation by Joseph A. Califano, former Secretary, Department of Health,
      Education, and Welfare, before the National Council on Alcoholism.

PMID- 391091
TI  - Cellular localization of prostaglandin E in the rabbit iris by indirect
      immunofluorescence method.
AB  - To demonstrate the cellular localization of prostaglandin E (PGE) in the normal
      and irritated rabbit iris, the indirect immunofluorescence method was employed.
      The amounts of PGE1 and PGF2 alpha in the aqueous humor were determined with
      radioimmunoassay. Immunofluorescence of PGE was observed in the cytoplasm of
      mesenchymal cells of the iris. PGE-positive cells in the normal iris were
      scattered in the fibrous stroma, and the shape of these cells was oval to spindle
      shaped. The numbers of these cells were remarkably increased in the iridectomized
      and inflamed iris. The amounts of PGE1 in the aqueous humor was 2.0 +/- 0.53
      ng/ml in the normal eyes and 7.92 +/- 2.93 ng/ml in the irritated eyes. The mean
      level of PGF2 alpha was 0.4 +/- 0.27 ng/ml in the normal eyes and 0.8 +/- 0.58
      ng/ml in the irritated eyes.

PMID- 391092
TI  - Clinical investigation of allergic rhinitis and allied conditions.

PMID- 391093
TI  - A new lancet for skin prick testing.
AB  - A new lancet with a point length of 1.0 mm suitable for skin prick testing is
      described. The weal reactions appearing after the use of histamine chloride 1
      mg/ml and an extract of Phleum pratense in a 1 HEP concentration (1 histamine
      equivalent prick) prove suitable as regards size and reproducibility compared
      with the reactions produced by a more conventional prick test method. The new
      lancet simplifies the prick test procedure and does not require as much
      experience as do needles and longer lancets.

PMID- 391094
TI  - A double blind controlled trial of N-(3',4'-dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranilic acid
      on children with bronchial asthma. N-5' Study Group in Children.
AB  - A double blind controlled trial of N-(3',4'-dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranilic acid
      (N-5') was carried out for treating children with bronchial asthma to determine
      its efficacy and safety. The results showed that the drug was significantly more
      effective in the N10 and N5 groups than in the N0 group. Adverse reactions
      appeared only in one patient in the N10 group who complained of slight anorexia
      while another patient in the N0 group reported moderate diarrhoea. Moreover there
      was no indication of abnormality in further laboratory investigations. It can be
      therefore concluded that this drug is useful for the treatment of children with
      bronchial asthma.

PMID- 391095
TI  - A simple procedure for the preparation of large amounts of 50 S ribosomal
      subunits from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 391096
TI  - Simultaneous measurement of charging levels of multiple aminoacyl-tRNAs.

PMID- 391097
TI  - Purification of eukaryotic cytoplasmic elongation factor 2 and organellar
      elongation factor G by an affinity binding procedure.

PMID- 391098
TI  - Extraction of polysomes from Escherichia coli without use of detergent.

PMID- 391099
TI  - Anatomy of the cecum of the vole, microtus agrestis.
AB  - The anatomy of the cecum of the vole, Microtus agrestis, was investigated using
      macroscopic dissections, "wet" and dried total specimens, and correlated light,
      scanning and electron microscopy. The cecum of the vole reveals a series of
      structural differentiations including a mural lip in the ampulla ceci and a
      spiral fold in the corpus ceci. The mucosa covering the cecal wall possesses
      short, wide-opened crypts and differs from the classical descriptions of the
      large intestinal mucosa. Fine structural observations suggest the cecal
      epithelium to be capable of active absorption. The morphological findings are
      correlated with the herbivorous habit of the vole and compared with observations
      in the rabbit and other rodents.

PMID- 391100
TI  - Treatment of male infertility with human gonadotrophins: selection of cases,
      management and results.
AB  - To obtain optimal results with gonadotrophic therapy (HMG/hCG) in infertile
      males, strict selection of patients is of paramount importance. The use of
      algorithmic schemes permits the exclusion of patients with primary testicular
      failure, genetic and non-endocrine causes of infertility. This paper describes a
      retrospective study on the results of gonadotrophic therapy in 25 severe
      oligozoospermic males, preselected according to the above scheme and in whom
      levels of FSH, LH and Testosterone before and during GnRH stimulation were
      assessed. This study indicates that low basal levels of FSH, concomitant with low
      or lack of FSH response to GnRH stimulation may be useful in selection of
      patients with a fair chance of success for gonadotrophic therapy.

PMID- 391102
TI  - The changing arterial oxygen tension--disease or physician?

PMID- 391101
TI  - How may neuromuscular blocking drugs affect the state of general anesthesia?

PMID- 391103
TI  - Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and regional and whole-lung PEEP in the dog.

PMID- 391104
TI  - [Vladimir Stepanovich Ershov on his 75th birthday].

PMID- 391105
TI  - [Immunological reactivity of the host as an environmental factor and its
      significance for the development of parasitism].
AB  - Concepts--mainly of SPRENT (1959, 1963), DINEEN (1963) and DAMIAN (1964)-
      concerning the immunological aspects of the phylogeny of host-parasite
      associations and the function of immune processes in the host-parasite
      relationship are discussed. In the light of some recent findings an integrating
      interpretation of the available body of evidence is attempted. The significance
      of the immuno-selection pressure during the course of host-parasite coevolution
      is stressed and some of the consequences of this pressure seen in the existing
      host-parasite systems are pointed out.

PMID- 391106
TI  - [Fritz Peus, 1904--1978].

PMID- 391107
TI  - The potential of the I region of the bovine major histocompatibility complex.

PMID- 391108
TI  - A comparative trial of pirbuterol and Tedral in patients with reversible airway
      obstruction.

PMID- 391109
TI  - Comparative serologic study of equine piroplasmosis, with card and complement
      fixation tests.
AB  - An agglutinating antigen and a rapid card test (CT) for equine piroplasmosis was
      developed. The antigen for the CT was prepared from lyophilized Babesia caballi
      complement-fixation (CF) antigen. Serum and plasma samples for testing were
      obtained from known B caballi-infected horses and clinically normal horses
      maintained at the laboratory. Serum samples also were obtained from horses
      outside the continental United States, in areas where piroplasmosis is endemic.
      Comparative CT and CF tests were done on all samples. The CT correctly identified
      85% of 192 plasma samples from known infected and normal horses and 92% of 188
      serum samples from these same horses. The CT results agreed closely with CF
      results. There was good agreement between CT and CF results. There was good
      agreement between CT and CF results on serum samples from horses outside the
      United States. Of 19 CF-positive samples, 90% were also CT-positive and 92% of
      177 CF-negative samples were also CT-negative.

PMID- 391110
TI  - Human lymphocyte cytotoxicity against target cells infected with influenza A
      viruses of both recent and old strains.
AB  - In vitro measurement of lymphocyte cytotoxicity (LC) reflects one aspect of human
      cell-mediated immunity against influenza. We studied peripheral blood LC against
      target cells infected with 1 of 3 strains of influenza A virus; these represent
      both recent and old strains. Positive LC responses were obtained in 94 % of
      subjects. Responses were significantly greater against the older strains, A/New
      Jersey/76 (Hsw1N1) and A/PR/8/34 (H0N1), than against A/England/42/72 (H3N2). LC
      reactivity occurred even in the absence of detectable HAI antibody titers. These
      results showed that positive LC responses to a variety of influenza A strains are
      common in normal adults and suggested that LC may be a more sensitive indicator
      of previous influenza exposure than conventionally measured HAI antibodies.

PMID- 391111
TI  - The value of Pneumocystis carinii antibody and antigen detection for diagnosis of
      Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after marrow transplantation.
AB  - Thirty-three marrow transplant patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were
      studied to determine the usefulness of antibody and antigen detection in the
      diagnosis of pneumocystis infection. Antibody against P. carinii was present in
      one half of all patients tested, and changes in antibody titer were not helpful
      diagnostically. P. carinii antigen was detected by counterimmunoelectrophoresis
      in the serum of 22 of 28 patients tested. Fifteen of 28 patients had antigen
      detected before or within 72 h after diagnosis. However, antigen was also present
      in 35 of 52 marrow transplant patients with viral or idiopathic pneumonia, in 11
      of 25 transplant patients with no pneumonia, and in 22 of 28 other patients with
      pulmonary infiltrates. Only 1 of 50 normal marrow donors had detectable
      antigenemia. Detection of this antigen does not appear to establish the diagnosis
      of P. carinii pneumonia in the absence of other clinical or histologic data. The
      data may suggest that subclinical infection with this agent is more common than
      was previously recognized.

PMID- 391113
TI  - Clinical trial of danazol for benign breast disease.
AB  - A clinical trial of danazol was undertaken in 30 patients with severe fibrocystic
      disease of the breasts. Twenty-three of the patients continued the drug for five
      or six months to allow adequate evaluation. Partial or complete relief of breast
      pain, tenderness, and nodularity occurred in all patients studied. One previously
      unsuspected carcinoma of the breast was discovered after three months of therapy.
      Side effects from the drug were generally mild. Recurrence of symptoms and
      physical findings occurred in most patients after the drug was discontinued but
      have not been as severe as prior to therapy.

PMID- 391114
TI  - Foreign body granuloma simulating a soft tissue neoplasm.

PMID- 391112
TI  - Deposition of aerosol in the respiratory tract.

PMID- 391115
TI  - A newly identified bacterium phenotypically resembling, but genetically distinct
      from, Legionella pneumophila: an isolate in a case of pneumonia.
AB  - A bacterium with growth characteristics similar to, but genetically distinct
      from, either Legionella pneumophila or WIGA (a "rickettsia-like agent") was
      obtained from a postmortem lung specimen of a patient with fatal atypical
      pneumonia at the M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute in Houston, Texas.
      This bacterium and WIGA have essentially the same cellular fatty acid
      composition, which is distinct from that of L. pneumophila. Deoxyribonucleic acid
      reletadness studies show that the isolate from Texas is only about 10% related to
      both L. pneumophila and WIGA and there fore may represent a new species. This new
      bacterium should be considered in selecting laboratory procedures in the
      diagnosis of atypical pneumonia.

PMID- 391116
TI  - Prolonged herpes-zoster infection associated with immunosuppressive therapy.
AB  - Unusually prolonged zoster was observed in four patients, two with cardiac
      transplants, one with acute lymphocytic leukemia, and one with diffuse
      histiocytic lymphoma. Lesions increased in number and persisted for 5 to 24 weeks
      before beginning to resolve. Specific cellular-immune responsiveness to varicella
      zoster virus was markedly depressed during these infections. Absolute numbers of
      T lymphocytes were also very low. Reducing immunosuppressive therapy to increase
      immune responses appeared to initiate resolution of zoster lesions and halt
      dissemination. In one patient treatment with adenine arabinoside was also needed
      for resolution of disseminated zoster. This syndrome appears to be counterpart of
      the prolonged mucocutaneous herpes-simplex infection previously reported in
      immunosuppressed cardiac and renal transplant patients.

PMID- 391117
TI  - Ibuprofen.
AB  - Ibuprofen was introduced in England in 1967 and in the United States in 1974 as
      an anti-inflammatory drug in humans. It has weak but definite anti-inflammatory
      properties similar to those of aspirin, milligram for milligram, but with
      considerably less adverse effect on the stomach. Ibuprofen is chemically related
      to fenoprofen and naproxen, but lack of effect for any one in this chemical class
      of propionic-acid derivatives does not necessarily mean lack of effect for any
      other in an individual patient. The drug has analgesic properties, probably
      related to its anti-inflammatory effect. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and
      has no effect on the adrenopituitary axis, making it a nonsteroidal agent.
      Ibuprofen has been shown to be effective in rheumatoid arthritis and
      osteoarthritis and is probably effective in ankylosing spondylitis, gout, and
      Bartter's syndrome.

PMID- 391118
TI  - Thalassemia major: molecular and clinical aspects. NIH Conference.
AB  - Thalassemia major is a severe and transfusion-dependent anemia that occurs in
      persons homozygous for a mutation that affects the capacity for synthesis of the
      beta-globin subunit of hemoglobin. Characterization of the molecular defects that
      cause beta-thalassemia is providing insight into the mechanism of globin gene
      regulation. Newer approaches to the management of thalassemia major include more
      effective chelation by use of subcutaneous desferrioxamine and attempts to obtain
      young erythrocytes with a longer potential for survival in recipient patients.
      Development of more effective chelators that may be given orally is an ongoing
      effort. Noninvasive evaluation of cardiac structure and function in patients with
      thalassemia major suggests that myocardial iron deposits begin at an early age,
      causing functional impairment long before the onset of clinical symptoms.
      Prevention or reversal of these cardiac abnormalities remains the goal of
      chelation therapy.

PMID- 391119
TI  - Worldwide control of rheumatic fever.

PMID- 391120
TI  - Controlled trials of hemoperfusion for intoxication.

PMID- 391121
TI  - Controlled trials of hemoperfusion for intoxication.

PMID- 391122
TI  - Rheumatology: an annotated bibliography of recent literature. References to
      journal articles and other papers. Rheumatology Committee, Medical Knowledge Self
      Assessment Program V, American College of Physicians; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

PMID- 391123
TI  - [Giuseppe Berruti and the Marine Piedmontese Hospice for tubercular poor boys,
      with a note on foundation of the Ospedale Maria Vittoria in Turin (1887)].

PMID- 391124
TI  - [Epileptology of Apuleius].
AB  - The AA. take into consideration the chapters of the "De magia" by Apuleius from
      Madaura, which bear the description of two clinical cases of morbus comitalis,
      and propose the theory of epilepsy, taken from the "Timaeus" by Plato. The AA.
      point to the exacitude in the observation of the phenomena and some interesting
      intuitions in the light of todays epileptology. It follows, amongst others, that
      epilepsy by intermittent photoic stimulation was already known in acient times
      and that the problem of the dominant hemisphere was already hunched at the
      clinical level.

PMID- 391125
TI  - [Sucruta Samhita: an original chapter of surgery or an interdependence of values
      in the history of medicine?].
AB  - Until the close of the eighteen century the western world remained ignorant of
      the ancient Hindu culture, in spite of early achievements found in the ancient
      Greek philosophy, in the Arabic translations and in the Italian Renassaince. The
      reason was that Hindu traditions were oraly transmitted and the records, written
      exclusively in Sanskrit, were incomplete. The European scholars and philogists
      evoked a late interest in Hindic studies, but for many years the dispute has been
      confined for scientific Medicine to a question of priority. By going through the
      Sucruta Samhita in the English translation of K. L. Bhishagratna one can afford
      to say that Sushruta has in many way not been a pupil of western culture but an
      original thinker.

PMID- 391126
TI  - Chevalier Jackson Lecture: pediatric laryngobronchoesophagology.
AB  - The Jackson heritage in Pediatric Laryngobronchoesophagology is briefly outlined.
      It has been precisely 25 years since the author completed his pediatric
      endoscopic residency. With the aid of references to the scientific papers
      presented at the meetings of the American Broncho-Esophagological Association,
      the evolution of a number of facets of present day Laryngobronchoesophagology
      have been delineated over the intervening quarter century.

PMID- 391127
TI  - Moses Hyman Lurie, Md; 1893-1979.

PMID- 391128
TI  - [The extrapericardial luxation of the heart during closed traumas of the thorax.
      A new case. Review of the literature (author's transl)].

PMID- 391129
TI  - Emeritus professor Sir Datuk Gordon Arthur Ransome (1910--1978)--The man i knew.

PMID- 391130
TI  - Diabetic retinopathy--a review.

PMID- 391132
TI  - Works of the man: extracts from research papers written or co-authored by Sir
      Gordon Arthur Ransome.

PMID- 391131
TI  - Sir Gordon Arthur Ransome--Obituary.

PMID- 391133
TI  - Sir Gordon Arthur Ransome--teacher, colleague and friend.

PMID- 391135
TI  - Gordon Arthur Ransome--an appreciation.

PMID- 391134
TI  - Sir Gordon Arthur Ransome--a profile of the man.

PMID- 391136
TI  - Cancer of endocrine glands and target organs: genetic considerations.
AB  - The pathogenesis of cancer in general is influenced by many factors, genetic and
      environmental. Epidemiological studies demonstrate familial aggregation of cancer
      in a significant proportion of cases. Many of these familial cancer syndromes
      contain endocrine hormone-related components. The etiology of endocrine-related
      cancers is complex, as is that of other cancers. Tumors of endocrine glands and
      target organs are subject to the same influences as other cancers; an additional
      variable is that of hormone-responsiveness.

PMID- 391137
TI  - [Max-Fernand Jayle. 1913-1978].

PMID- 391138
TI  - [Gonadotropic function in female Cushing syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - A study of 38 female Cushing syndromes showed decreased levels of FSH and LH,
      with normal LH-RH stimulation in most adrenal hyperplasia and benign adenoma, and
      absent stimulation in carcinoma. The levels were normalized by suppression of
      hypercorticism. This suggests a blunted gonadotropic function, in female Cushing
      syndrome, probably at the hypothalamic level. The predominant respective roles of
      hyperandrogeny in carcinoma and of hypercortisolism in adrenal hyperplasia and
      benign adenoma seem probable.

PMID- 391139
TI  - [Study of Leydig cells and gonadotropin activity in 14-18 days old fetal mouse
      (author's transl)].
AB  - An organ culture system has been developed for mouse embryo testes and
      pituitaries at 14-18 days of gestation. The testosterone (T) production by fetal
      testes has been measured by RIA in the culture medium: it increases from day 14
      to day 18 and may be specifically stimulated by ovine LH and hCG. Fetal
      pituitaries in culture release a gonadotropin activity at 16 and 18 days (not
      found at 14 days), which is detectable by an heterologous RIA of LH and by a
      significant increase in T production from age-matched testes in co-culture. The
      18-days old pituitaries respond to synthetic LH-RH by an enhanced production of
      immunologically and biologically active LH.

PMID- 391140
TI  - [Societe francaise d'Endocrinologie. List of members].

PMID- 391141
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in France: II. Clinical characteristics of 124
      consecutive verified cases during the decade 1968--1977.
AB  - One hundred twenty-four consecutive cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in
      France, verified by biopsy or autopsy between 1968 and 1977, were analyzed with
      respect to their clinical characteristics. The series comprised equal numbers of
      men and women, with the most frequent age at onset being 60 to 64 years and the
      most frequent duration, two to three months. A prodromal illness was observed in
      more than one-third of the patients. Clinical presentations and symptom
      frequencies are tabulated, and a multifactor analysis has been performed to
      obtain those combinations of symptoms and signs which occurred at least as often
      as the triad of dementia, myoclonus, and a positive electroencephalogram. Two
      groups of atypical cases are also emphasized: one with sudden, strokelike
      presentation and rapidly evolving illness of less than 2 months' duration, and
      the other with a long clinical course of between 2 and 10 years.

PMID- 391142
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in France: III. Epidemiological study of 170 patients
      dying during the decade 1968--1977.
AB  - Systematic search for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in France yielded a total
      of 170 patients dying between 1968 and 1977. The overall annual mortality rate
      from CJD for France was 0.32 case per million persons, with by far the highest
      rate (1.33 cases per million) in the most densely populated parts of Paris. A
      highly significant correlation between population density and the mortality rate
      of CJD in the Paris urban agglomeration was consistent with the hypothesis of
      human-to human disease transmission, although in the rest of France CJD occurred
      at equally low rates among rural and urban populations. Temporospatial case
      clustering was not observed, nor could occupation, surgery, or potential exposure
      to scrapie be associated with an increased risk of contracting CJD. Six to 9% of
      cases were familial, analysis of which discouraged the notion of a familial
      "common exposure" in favor of genetic transmission of susceptibility to the virus
      or of the virus itself. A prospective epidemiological study or newly occurring
      cases of CJD, especially familial and geographically isolated cases, is being
      undertaken in the hope of identifying the means by which CJD is naturally
      acquired.

PMID- 391143
TI  - CT-directed stereotactic surgery in the management of brain abscess.

PMID- 391144
TI  - [Methodological procedures for detecting antibiotic producers among cultures of
      the family Micromonosporaceae].
AB  - Data on intensification of the search for active cultures among Micromonospora
      are presented. It was shown that the frequency of detecting the antibiotic
      producing cultures among Micromonospora under conditions of fermentation on the
      corn-glucose medium inoculated with agar blocks amounted to 35 per cent. The use
      of nutrient media of different composition for growing submerged inoculum of
      Micromonospora demonstrated that the rate of its growth reached maximum on the
      peastarch medium. The use of this medium for growing submerged seed material for
      fermentation in the corn-glucose medium increased the frequency of detecting
      active cultures from 35 to 43.1 per cent. The assay of Micromonospora antibiotic
      activity twice, i.e. in 96 and 240 hours of the fermentation process increased
      the frequency of detecting active cultures up to 57.1 per cent and revealing
      greater variety of antibiotics. Fermentation of Micromonospora cultures
      simultaneously on 6 different nutrient media inoculated with submerged seed
      mycelium and assay of the activity for 2 times, i. e. in 96 and 240 hours allowed
      a detection of up to 76.2 per cent of active strains out of the total number of
      the isolates.

PMID- 391145
TI  - Hemiballismus complicating stereotactic thalamotomy.
AB  - The pathology of poststereotactic hyperkinesis has been rarely documented and the
      pathophysiology is still poorly understood. In a case of hemiballismus following
      thalamotomy for parkinsonism, detailed anatomical studies showed bilateral
      cortical pseudolaminar necrosis and no involvement of the subthalamic nuclei by
      the thalamic lesions. The structural and functional effects of surgical lesions
      upon the preexisting pharmacological abnormalities present in parkinsonism
      probably constitute the substrate necessary for occurrence of hemiballismus
      following stereotactic surgery.

PMID- 391147
TI  - Minimal effective lesion in the stereotactic treatment of tremor [proceedings].

PMID- 391146
TI  - Stereotactic surgery for spasmodic torticollis [proceedings].

PMID- 391148
TI  - Experimental studies of permeability and intracerebral diffusion of various
      neurotropic drugs through the silastic membrane [proceedings].

PMID- 391150
TI  - Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Serratia marcescens.
AB  - The in vitro susceptibilities of 242 isolates of Serratia marcescens to 17
      antibacterial drugs have been determined. Oxolinic acid, nalidixic acid,
      cefoxitin, and amikacin were the most active drugs. Ampicillin, kanamycin, and
      cephalothin were among the least active. A 4-year study showed that resistance of
      S. marcescens to dibekacin, tobramycin, sisomycin, and gentamicin has increased
      at least one order of magnitude in that period, whereas resistance to amikacin
      showed but a twofold increase.

PMID- 391149
TI  - Beta-lactam resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli caused by
      elevated production of the ampC-mediated chromosomal beta-lactamase.
AB  - Among cephalothin-resistant isolates from patients with urinary tract infections,
      six Escherichia coli strains were found to produce elevated amounts of a beta
      lactamase indistinguishable from that coded by the ampC gene of E. coli K-12. The
      resistance levels displayed by these isolates toward a number of beta-lactams
      were, for five of them, considerably higher as compared with E. coli K-12 with
      the same amount of beta-lactamase, implying the importance of intrinsic
      resistance in these isolates. Cefuroxime, and to a lesser extent cefamandole,
      were stable to hydrolysis by E. coli chromosomal beta-lactamase but acted as
      inhibitors of the enzyme. Nevertheless, increased beta-lactamase production
      mediated an increased resistance toward these drugs. No plasmids were found in
      the isolates, suggesting a chromosomal location for the respective ampC locus.

PMID- 391151
TI  - Bile acid inhibition of Clostridium botulinum.
AB  - Bile acids and their glycine and taurine conjugates were tested in vitro for
      inhibition of Clostridium botulinum types A and B. Cholic acid inhibited most
      strains at 2 mg/ml, whereas chenodeoxycholic acid inhibited all strains at 0.4
      mg/ml. Deoxycholic acid inhibited one strain at 0.08 mg/ml and other strains at
      0.4 and 2 mg/ml. Lithocholic acid inhibited all strains at 0.016 mg/ml. Glycine
      conjugates also showed considerable inhibition of some strains, whereas taurine
      conjugates were inactive.

PMID- 391152
TI  - Toxins of molds from decaying tomato fruit.
AB  - Among 27 mold isolates from decaying tomatoes, culture filtrates or ethyl acetate
      extracts of 8 isolates grown in yeast extract-sucrose medium were markedly toxic
      (mortality, greater than 50%) to brine shrimp larvae. The toxicity of six of
      these isolates could be attributed to the presence of citrinin, tenuazonic acid,
      or T-2 toxin. Ethyl acetate extracts of five Alternaria isolates and one Fusarium
      isolate were mutagenic for Salmonella typhimurium strains. In ripe tomatoes
      inoculated with toxin-producing isolates and incubated at 25 degrees C, one
      Alternaria alternata isolate produced tenuazonic acid in seven of seven tomatoes
      at levels of up to 106 micrograms/g and alternariol methyl ether in one of the
      seven tomatoes at 0.8 microgram/g. Another A. alternata isolate produced
      tenuazonic acid or alternariol methyl ether at much lower levels in only three of
      seven tomatoes. Patulin and citrinin were produced by a Penicillium expansum
      isolate at levels of up to 8.4 and 0.76 microgram/g, respectively. In tomatoes
      incubated at 15 degrees C, a Fusarium sulphureum isolate produced T-2 toxin, HT-2
      toxin, and neosolaniol at levels of up to 37.5, 37.8 and 5.6 micrograms/g,
      respectively. If these mycotoxins are thermostable, they may occur at detectable
      levels in tomato products whenever partially moldy tomatoes are used as raw
      material.

PMID- 391153
TI  - Noncorrelation between mouse toxicity and serologically assayed toxin in
      Clostridium botulinum type A culture fluids.
AB  - Toxicity in culture fluids of several Clostridium botulinum type A strains was
      assayed in mice and converted to weight equivalent. The toxin-related antigen in
      the samples was quantitated by a radioimmunoassay which used standards of known
      antigen concentration instead of the usually used toxicity. Freshly prepared
      samples had reasonably similar titers of toxin and antigen. When the samples were
      held at room temperature for several weeks, toxicity decreased more than
      antigenicity, but the relative decreases of the two varied with the samples. The
      results are discussed as evidence that serological assays of botulinum toxin
      cannot always be used for accurate determination of toxicity.

PMID- 391154
TI  - Evaluation of millipore coli-count samplers for monitoring fecal coliforms in the
      blue crab, Callinectes sapidus.
AB  - Analyses of crab meat homogenates with Coli-Count Samplers (Millipore Corp.)
      resulted in fecal coliform counts comparable to counts obtained from standard
      most-probable-number testing procedures.

PMID- 391155
TI  - [Free medicine and state-controlled medicine].

PMID- 391156
TI  - [Medico-legal anthropology].

PMID- 391157
TI  - [List of collected bibliographic references from 1 January to 30 June 1978. 4].

PMID- 391159
TI  - Reduction of the level of the glycine cleavage system in the rat liver resulting
      from administration of dipropylacetic acid: an experimental approach to
      hyperglycinemia.

PMID- 391158
TI  - Immobilization of glycoenzymes through carbohydrate side chains.

PMID- 391160
TI  - Discontinuation of continuous positive airways pressure in infants with
      respiratory distress syndrome.
AB  - Unexpected stability of arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions occurred in
      infants recovering from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) on the abrupt
      withdrawal of CPAP at 6 cmH2O pressure. 30 preterm infants (birthweights 880-
      3200 g gestational ages 29--38 weeks) were treated at a mean age of 10 hours and
      for a mean duration of 62 hours. CPAP was stopped when F1O2 requirement fell
      below 0.3, and stable PO2 was maintained for 4 hours. Discontinuation of CPAP at
      6 cmH2O resulted in a mean change in PO2 from 66 to 64 mmHg (8.8 to 8.5 kPa) and
      a mean change in PCO2 from 41 to 40 mmHg (5.4 to 5.3 kPa). We conclude that this
      population of infants suffering from moderate RDS tolerated the abrupt withdrawal
      of CPAP, and that gradual reduction of pressure was unnecessary.

PMID- 391161
TI  - Evaluation of immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase methods for antibody
      determination against Chikungunya, West Nile and yellow fever viruses.

PMID- 391162
TI  - [In memoriam A.J. Silberstein, 1940--1979].

PMID- 391163
TI  - [The infectivity of Plasmodium berghei sporozoites during laboratory
      manipulation].

PMID- 391164
TI  - Application of concanavalin A for the detection of enveloped viruses by
      electronmicroscopy (the lectin pseudoreplica technique).

PMID- 391165
TI  - Cryptococcus neoformans and the epidemiology of cryptococcosis.

PMID- 391166
TI  - Comparison of corticosteroids and prostaglandins in treatment of hemorrhagic
      shock.
AB  - The hemodynamic and microcirculatory effects of prostaglandin E1 and
      methylprednisolone sodium succinate were compared in a standard canine shock
      model. Prostaglandin significantly increased cardiac output and decreased total
      peripheral resistance when compared to control animals while steroids did not.
      There was no significant effect upon heart rate or arterial pressure by either
      drug. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate significantly increased arterial pH at
      the conclusion of the experiment and showed directional improvement in venous
      lactate and proteolytic activity. Prostaglandin significantly increased length of
      survival compared to both steroid and control infusion. It is concluded that
      prostaglandin and steroid have different hemodynamic effects in shock, that
      steroid protects microcirculatory flow more efficiently and that the prolongation
      of survival seen with prostaglandin infusion is not entirely due to its
      hemodynamic or lysosomal stabilizing effects.

PMID- 391167
TI  - Iliac artery ligation: the relative paucity of ischemic sequelae in renal
      transplant patients.
AB  - In order to assess the effect of iliac artery ligation on the distal extremity,
      the ten year experience of the Johns Hopkins renal transplantation program was
      reviewed. Among 467 transplant procedures in 390 patients there were six cases in
      which the common and/or external iliac artery had been ligated for control of
      untoward hemorrhage from an infected arteriotomy site. These six cases were
      studied in detail with particular attention to ischemic sequelae in the involved
      leg. There were no immediate or causally-related deaths. No patient lost a leg or
      required an immediate reconstructive procedure for limb salvage. Four of the six
      recovered ambulatory status, and only two of these required a later, elective
      reconstruction for claudication. The combination of these six with eight other
      similar patients previously reported provides a total of 14 cases of iliac artery
      ligation in renal transplant patients. No patient suffered actual limb loss, and
      only three underwent subsequent elective reconstruction for claudication. It is
      concluded that common and/or external iliac artery ligation without immediate
      revascularization may be performed for control of hemorrhage with little danger
      of limb loss in renal transplant patients.

PMID- 391168
TI  - Effect of pimozide on the response of LH-RH in intact adult male rats.
AB  - The effect of Pimozide on serum and pituitary concentration of LH was studied in
      adult male intact rats. Also the release of LH under stimulation of exogenous LH
      RH was measured. The treatment for 5 days with pimozide did not alter the serum
      LH levels, decreased the release of LH by exogenous LH-RH stimulation, and
      increased the pituitary LH concentration. These results would indicate that
      blocking the dopaminergic receptors alters pituitary LH release mechanism.

PMID- 391169
TI  - Purification and properties of neutral alpha-1,4 glucosidase from human seminal
      plasma.
AB  - Following a preliminary fractionation of neutral alpha-glucosidase (E.C.
      3.2.1.20) from human seminal plasma, we have shown by ion exchange
      chromatography, Sephadex G-200 filtration, and adsorption chromatography that
      this alpha-glucosidase activity corresponded to two isoenzymes having the same
      ability to hydrolyse p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. Both isoenzymes
      present a heat-stable fraction at 60 degrees C, require the presence of divalent
      cations in the incubation medium to demonstrate their glycolytic activity, and
      are inhibited by maltotriose and maltose. They have a molecular weight of
      approximately 200,000 daltons and different sedimentation profiles on sucrose
      density gradient. This basic knowledge appears to be the prerequisite for further
      studies dealing with the importance of such isoenzymes as markers of epididymal
      function in male fertility.

PMID- 391170
TI  - Anaerobes in biliary tract infection.

PMID- 391171
TI  - Clinical characteristics of anaerobic bactibilia.
AB  - During a two-year period, 1,892 patients underwent biliary tract surgery at the
      Mayo Clinic. Both aerobic and anaerobic bile cultures were performed in 371
      patients and 253 of these were positive. Anaerobes were isolated from 100
      patients, although only twice in pure culture. Only aerobes grew from cultures
      from 153 patients. One hundred cases of biliary tract infections involving
      anaerobes and an equal number involving aerobes only were reviewed in order to
      determine their clinical characteristics. Prominent features of anaerobic
      bactibilia included (1) a history of complex, multiple, biliary tract surgeries
      often involving biliary-intestinal anastomoses and common bile duct manipulation,
      (2) severe symptoms, (3) high incidence of postoperative infectious
      complications, especially wound infections. Further analysis of anaerobic biliary
      infections suggested that Bacteroides fragilis was more often associated with
      serious pathologic conditions of the biliary tract than was Clostridium.

PMID- 391172
TI  - Tuberculosis. A chemotherapeutic triumph but a persistent socioeconomic problem.
AB  - There is evidence that man has suffered from tuberculosis for more than 5,000
      years, and through crowded living conditions, debilitation, and malnutrition,
      tuberculosis became epidemic in Western civilization and was a major cause of
      mortality. Identification of the tubercle bacillus as the causative agent in 1882
      firmly established the infectious nature of the disease  and the development of
      sanatoriums soon followed. Before the advent of effective chemotherapeutic
      agents, treatment involved rest, diet, and various surgical procedures, which
      were of little or no benefit to the patient. The discovery of
      dihydrostreptomycin, aminosalicylic acid, and isoniazid in the late 1940s and
      early 1950s meant that tuberculosis was now entirely curable in virtually all
      patients. Despite these effective chemotherapeutic and preventive agents,
      tuberculosis has receded to socioeconomically disadvantaged urban and rural
      areas, where the incidence parallels that of developing countries. Conquest of
      the disease will require improved health care delivery to the indigent and
      dispossessed.

PMID- 391173
TI  - Drug-resistant and atypical mycobacterial disease. Bacteriology and treatment.
AB  - The treatment of drug-resistant mycobacterial disease requires excellent
      laboratory technology combined with an effective means of monitoring patients for
      drug toxicity and assuring patient compliance in treatment. Most tuberculosis is
      readily treated with easily administered, well-tolerated antituberculous
      combination medications such as isoniazid-ethambutol hydrochloride or isoniazid
      rifampin. Primary drug-resistant tuberculosis is prevalent in many developing
      countries; drug resistance in the United States is generally acquired through
      inadequate or irregular drug ingestion. Drug-resistant tuberculosis and many
      "atypical" mycobacterioses required carefully designed drug regimens based on
      accurate drug susceptibility studies. Occasionally, patients with certain types
      of infection will have isolated pulmonary involvement for which surgical
      extirpation is beneficial. Despite the continued decline in the incidence of
      tuberculosis, atypical mycobacterial disease has remained constant and may
      eventually become the most prevalent mycobacteriosis in the United States.

PMID- 391175
TI  - Antimitogenic activity of homogenates and culture filtrates of actinomycetes.
AB  - Filtrates of cells homogenates and culture supernatants of some strains of
      Nocardia inhibited phytohemagglutinin-induced transformation of horse blood
      lymphocytes. The most active preparation that inhibited transformation by over
      90% were obtained from strains of Nocardia asteroides N 668, N. asteroides N 1,
      N. amarae Se 6, N. amarae Se 97, and N. erythropolis N 11. Concentrations of the
      active factor were probably low since antimitogenic activity disappeared after 10
      fold dilution of the preparations.

PMID- 391174
TI  - Inhibitory effect of ethanol on growth and solute accumulation by Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae as affected by plasma-membrane lipid composition.
AB  - Incorporation of ethanol (1.0 or 1.25 M) into exponential-phase cultures of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 366 growing anaerobically in a medium supplemented
      with ergosterol and an unsaturated fatty acid caused a retardation in growth rat,
      which was greater when the medium contained oleic rather than linoleic acid.
      Ethanol incorporation led to an immediate drop in growth rate, and ethanol
      containing cultures grew at the slower rate for at least 10 h. Incorporation of
      ethanol (0.5 M) into buffered (pH 4.5) cell suspensions containing D-[6-3H]
      glucose, D-[1-14C] glucosamine, L-[U-14C] lysine or arginine, or KH232PO4 lowered
      the rate of solute accumulation by cells. Rates of accumulation of glucose,
      lysine and arginine were retarded to a greater extent when cells had been grown
      in the presence of oleic rather than linoleic acid. This difference was not
      observed with accumulation of phosphate. Ethanol was extracted from exponential
      phase cells by four different methods. Cells grown in the presence of linoleic
      acid contained a slightly, but consistently, lower concentration of ethanol than
      cells grown in oleic acid-containing medium. The ethanol concentration in cells
      was 5-7 times greater than that in the cell-free medium.

PMID- 391177
TI  - Psychosurgery on sex offenders and sexual "deviants" in West Germany.
AB  - About 70 men have undergone a stereotaxic hypothalamotomy in West Germany for
      sexual behaviors. In most cases the nucleus ventromedialis (Cajal) has been
      unilaterally destroyed. The question of whether this kind of psychosurgery shoudl
      be legally controlled is being discussed by both scientists and the public in
      West Germany. The justification for this psychosurgery is taken from a
      theoretical basis which is at least questionable and which stems from a
      biologically truncated and therefore limited perspective on human sexuality. An
      inspection of the published reports shows that the indication for surgery was
      based on questionable scientific and clinical grounds and practically excluded
      psychotherapeutic and sociotherapeutic aspects. In the authors' opinion
      stereotaxic hypothalamotomy can in no way be regarded as an unquestioned,
      applicable method of therapy. We consider it essential that this surgery be
      suspended at least as long as the possible therapeutic effectiveness and the
      possible adverse side effects remain unclear.

PMID- 391176
TI  - [Correction of hyperdyslipidemia using polyene-structure substances. Controlled
      clinical trial].
AB  - Mepartricin (SPA-S-160 enteric-coated tablets) fat-lowering effect was evaluated
      in 20 patients with lipids disorders of various type. The cross-over trial was
      carried out with clofibrate as reference drug. Posology consisted, in both
      treatments, of 3 tablets/die. All subjects received each drug for a 30-day
      period, with a drug-free interval of 30 days. The results proved positive for
      both drugs but mepartricin showed a better therapeutical index. Local and
      systemic tolerance was good for both drugs even though the transaminases values
      were found to be sensibly higher after the therapeutic cycle with clofibrate.

PMID- 391178
TI  - Mutagenicity studies of 4-(2-carboxyethyl) phenyl trans-4-aminomethylcyclohexane
      carboxylate hydrochloride (DV-1006). A new antiulcer drug.
AB  - An antiulcer drug, 4-(2-carboxyethyl) phenyl trans 4-aminomethylcyclohexane
      carboxylate hydrochloride (DV-1006), was studied for mutagenicity using bacterial
      systems, in vitro and in vivo cytogenetics, and dominant lethal tests. No
      mutagenicity of DV-1006 was observed either in the rec-assay on Bacillus subtilis
      or in the Salmonella/microsome test (Ames test). In in vitro cytogenetics, DV
      1006 had no effects on the chromosomes of chinese hamster cells at cytotoxic
      doses. Rats were treated singly or on 5 consecutive days orally with dose levels
      of 16, 160, or 1600 mg DV-1006/kg for detecting cytogenetic effects in vivo. As a
      result, no increase of the incidence of chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow
      cells was observed in any group of DV-1006. A single or 5 daily oral
      administration of DV-1006 (16 or 1600 mg/kg) to male mice and subsequent mating
      for 8 weeks produced no dominant lethal mutational effects. These results show
      that DV-1006 has no mutagenic potential.

PMID- 391179
TI  - Detection of the carcinogenic nitrofuran derivative VR-6 as a mutagen in the
      Salmonella/microsome test.
AB  - The carcinogenic nitrofuran, VR-6, was evaluated for mutagenicity in Salmonella
      typhimurium TA 100 using the plate assay (Ames test). The dose-response curve
      indicated that S. typhimurium TA 100 is a very sensitive genetic indicator for
      this chemical class and that basepair substitution appears to be the molecular
      mechanism with VR-6. The results reported here provide evidence, that VR-6 is a
      directly acting mutagen for S. typhimurium TA 100 and that the chemical is
      partially deactivated in the presence of rat liver homogenates. Comparison of the
      results obtained with this agent in the Ames test with data from a subacute
      animal study, showed a good agreement in predicting the carcinogenic risk.

PMID- 391180
TI  - Non-occluded particles of nuclear polyhedrosis virus infecting Galleria
      mellonella L.: titration in vivo and in vitro. Brief report.
AB  - Infectivity of non-occluded particles of nuclear polyhedrosis virus infecting
      Galleria mellonella L. was determined with bioassay technique in vivo and with
      plaque assay method in vitro using SCLd 135 (Quiot) established cell culture. A
      plaque-forming virus unit corresponds to about 50 ID50 for Galleria larvae
      injected into hemocoel for non-cloned and 0.1-1.0 ID50 for a virus isolate cloned
      from an infective plaque.

PMID- 391181
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Karlo Weber].

PMID- 391182
TI  - [Method of determining the quality of irrigation of the vessels of parenchymatous
      organs before injection].
AB  - The method suggested for qualitative estimation of the renal and hepatic vessels
      perfusion before an injection is based on measuring oscillations of the light
      beam diffused by the organ's surface (the source--a gas laser of continuous
      action of red spectrum). An absolute photometer protected by a red filter from
      external effects of light is used as a registrator. Successive injection of the
      renal and hepatic vessels with different masses and their investigation by means
      of roentgenography, preparation, carrosion demonstrate a satisfactory
      effectiveness of the method presented.

PMID- 391184
TI  - [Mariia Nikolaevna Ragozina (on her 70th birthday)].

PMID- 391183
TI  - [Contribution of Konstantin Monakov to the study of brain anatomy].

PMID- 391185
TI  - [Neuronal barrels and the problem of somatotopy].
AB  - Serial frontal, sagittal paraffin sections from the brain areas 4, 3, 1 of the
      human neocortex were treated after Nissl, Kluver-Barrer, Cajal, Peters. Changes
      in qualitative-quantitative parameters of the neuronal ensembles and their
      systems in functionally different parts of the above mentioned cerebral fields
      were studied. It was demonstrated that the ensembles having the form of a
      truncated overturned cone or cylinder in the cortical space and surrounded with a
      vascular-fibrillar capsule were distributed according to changes of their
      qualitative-quantitative indices. A hypothetic scheme (Fig. 2) on distribution of
      the neuronal ensembles and their systems along the pre- and postcentral gyri is
      presented, that demonstrates a direct relation between the distribution of the
      neuronal ensembles differing in their structures and functional architecture of
      the fields in question of the human brain.

PMID- 391187
TI  - [Method of embedding cultures in situ in epoxy resins for comprehensive light and
      electron microscopic analysis].
AB  - A simple method for making preparations for light and electron microscopy
      analysis both from tissue cultures and other biological objects is proposed. The
      techniques of in situ flat-parallel embedding in special forms between two layers
      of polyethylene phthalate (PEPh) film are described. The method makes the maximum
      use of all the properties of the PEPh film allowing to utilize it as a substrate
      support for growing cultures and as a substrate for forming optical properties of
      the preparations. The preparations so made are suitable for preliminary
      examinations by light microscopy, photography, and marking the selected areas for
      subsequent flat and sagital ultratomy.

PMID- 391186
TI  - [Role of the intramural arterial bed of the human heart in the pathogenesis of
      coronary arteriosclerosis and myocardial infarct (a stereometric study)].
AB  - Pathological and stereometric studies of the intramural arterial bed of 42 normal
      hearts and 39 hearts with myocardiac infarction were carried out by injection and
      non-injection methods. The stereometrical analysis has shown a wide variability
      of volumetric density of the intramyocardial arterial bed normally due to
      individual features of heart angioarchitectonics. Myocardial infarction developed
      more frequently in subjects with a small specific volume of the intramural bed.
      The low volumentrical density of the intramyocardial arterial bed appears to be
      conducive to rapid progress of atherosclerotic coronary sclerosis. It is
      suggested that the low volumentrical density of the intramyocardial arterial bed
      be considered as one of the risk factors in the development of ischemic heart
      disease.

PMID- 391188
TI  - [Life and activities of M. M. Rudnev (on the centenary of his death)].

PMID- 391189
TI  - [Vladimir Konstantinovich Vysokovich (on the 125th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 391190
TI  - Immuno-histochemistry of keratin in normal and diseased human oral epithelium.

PMID- 391191
TI  - In-vitro cultivation of human oral keratinocytes.

PMID- 391193
TI  - The deposition of oral bacteria at the solid/liquid and solid/liguid/air
      interfaces.

PMID- 391192
TI  - Immuno-electron microscopic study of antigenic surface components of Actinomyces
      naeslundii in human dental plaque.

PMID- 391194
TI  - [Acid etching and adhesives in dentistry. V. Adhesives].

PMID- 391196
TI  - [Auxiliary pins: retention auxiliaries in a fixed prothesis and contentions-
      modification of a technic].

PMID- 391195
TI  - [Clinical and microbiological findings related to the use of gauze tampons
      routinely indicated for marsupialization of cysts localized in the maxillo
      mandibular complex].

PMID- 391197
TI  - [Fixed prosthesis cementation. Clinical considerations].

PMID- 391199
TI  - [Free-end partial removable prosthesis: problems and solutions].

PMID- 391198
TI  - [Preparation of the patient and his mouth for receiving a partial removable
      denture].

PMID- 391200
TI  - [Performance of a tooth with amalgam for support of cast pins].

PMID- 391201
TI  - [Acid etching and adhesives in dentistry. IV. Acid etching].

PMID- 391202
TI  - Sore throats and antibiotics.

PMID- 391203
TI  - Lynne Dwight, nurse (honoris causa).

PMID- 391204
TI  - High distinction to celebrated nun (Sister Mary Philippa).

PMID- 391206
TI  - Sodium valproate ('Epilim').

PMID- 391205
TI  - Ibell on nursing (Bernadette Ibell).

PMID- 391207
TI  - Distribution and diagnosis of dirofilariasis and toxocariasis in Australia.

PMID- 391209
TI  - Diagnosis of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in bulls using two sampling methods
      and a transport medium.
AB  - Preputial exudates were collected from 3 bulls infected with Tritrichomonas
      foetus by scraping the mucosa with a specially designed instrument and by
      aspiration. For diagnostic purposes the scraping method was superior direct
      microscopic examination but both methods were equally good when the samples were
      cultured within 2 hours of collection. The organism remained viable in a
      transport medium for 24, 48 and 72 hours showing a lineal decrease in viability
      with time which was more than 3 times greater in samples aspirated than in
      samples scraped.

PMID- 391208
TI  - Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in a lion.

PMID- 391211
TI  - Matthew Baillie--a possible early description of amniotic fluid embolism.

PMID- 391210
TI  - Inhibition of puerperal lactation: evaluation of bromocriptine and placebo.
AB  - Bromocriptine and placebo were randomly allocated to 50 patients who wished to
      suppress lactation. Patients on bromocriptine suffered no subjective symptoms
      such as breast pain and engorgement, and lactation was significantly reduced
      compared with patients on the placebo with or without breast binding. No side
      effects were noted, and rebound lactation was seen in only 3 patients. In most
      patients contraceptives were commenced once the drug therapy ceased on the
      fourteenth day.

PMID- 391212
TI  - [Wolfgang Maresch on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 391214
TI  - [Morphological demonstration of the early local vital reaction by a combined
      study technic].

PMID- 391213
TI  - [Organ transplants in the Federal Republic of Germany, the GDR and Eastern
      Europe. A comparison of the legal foundations].

PMID- 391215
TI  - [Is there a topography of posttraumatic fat embolism? Histological studies on
      lung whole-organ sections].

PMID- 391217
TI  - [Forms of the vector loops in the atrial electrocardiogram of the horse].

PMID- 391216
TI  - [Kolletschka's death].

PMID- 391218
TI  - [Fluorescence and enzymatic serological studies to demonstrate latent canine
      babesiasis].

PMID- 391219
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. Michael Rolle, Dr. med. vet].

PMID- 391220
TI  - Localization by immunofluorescence and by light- and electron-microscopic
      immunoperoxidase techniques of Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein in adult hamster
      kidney.
AB  - 1. Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein was isolated from hamster urine and antiserum
      against it was produced in rabbits. Immunoglobulin G was isolated from the
      antiserum. 2. Indirect methods of immunofluorescence staining were applied to
      kidney sections previously fixed by both perfusion and immersion methods. Tamm
      Horsfall glycoprotein was identified associated with only the cells of the
      ascending limb of the loop of Henle and the distal convoluted tubule. Maculae
      densae were free of the glycoprotein. 3. Indirect immunoperoxidase procedures
      with light microscopy were applied to kidney sections. The results extended those
      found by immunofluorescence by showing that the glycoprotein is largely
      associated with the plasma membrane of the cells. Macula densa cells were shown
      to be free of the glycoprotein, although the luminal surface of the remaining
      cells in the transverse section of the nephron at that region was shown to
      contain it. 4. A variety of immuno-electron-microscopic techniques were applied
      to sections previously fixed in a number of ways. Providing
      periodate/lysine/paraformaldehyde was used as the fixative, the glycoprotein was
      often seen to be present not only on the luminal surface of the cells of the
      thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle and of the distal convoluted tubule,
      but also on the basal plasma membrane, including the infoldings. 5. It is
      generally accepted that the hyperosmolarity in the medulla of the kidney results
      from passage of Cl(-) ions with their accompanying Na(+) ions across the single
      cell layer of the lumen of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, a
      region of the nephron with relatively high impermeability to water. We suggest
      that Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein operates as a barrier to decrease the passage of
      water molecules by trapping the latter at the membrane of the cells. Our
      hypothesis requires the glycoprotein on the basal plasma membrane also.

PMID- 391221
TI  - The temperature-dependence of adenylate cyclase from baker's yeast.
AB  - The Michaelis constant of membrane-bound adenylate cyclase increased from 1.1 to
      1.8 mM between 7 and 38 degrees C (delta H = 13 kJ/mol). Over this temperature
      range, the maximum velocity increased 10-fold, and the Arrhenius plot was nearly
      linear, with an average delta H* of 51 kJ/mol. The temperature-dependence of the
      reaction rate at 2 mM-ATP was examined in more detail: for Lubrol-dispersed
      enzyme, Arrhenius plots were nearly linear with average delta H* values of 45 and
      68 kJ/mol, respectively, for untreated and gel-filtered enzymes; for membrane
      bound enzyme, delta H changed from 40 kJ/mol above about 21 degrees C to 62
      kJ/mol below 21 degrees C, but this behaviour does not necessarily indicate an
      abrupt, lipid-induced, transition in the reaction mechanism.

PMID- 391222
TI  - The catalytically active form of histidinol dehydrogenase from Salmonella
      typhimurium.
AB  - The active-enzyme-sedimentation procedure was used to identify the catalytically
      competent form of histidinol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.23) isolated from Salmonella
      typhimurium. At pH 9.4 the active species has a sedimentation coefficient S20,W
      of 5.4S, indicating that the dimer with a mol.wt. of approx. 83 000 is the
      enzymically active form.

PMID- 391223
TI  - The sensitivity of Mycoplasma mycoides var. capri cells to gamma-radiation after
      growth in a medium containing the thymine analogue 5-vinyluracil.
AB  - Cells of the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides var. capri grown in a medium
      containing the potential radiation-sensitive thymine analogue 5-vinyluracil show
      a 3-fold increase in sensitivity towards irradiation of a dose of 15 krads of
      gamma-rays.

PMID- 391224
TI  - Effects in vitro of alloxan on the glucose metabolism of mouse pancreatic B
      cells.
AB  - To facilitate detailed studies of the B-cytotoxic action of alloxan we developed
      a model using isolated pancreatic islets of normal mice. An essential feature of
      this model is the low temperature employed during exposure to alloxan, which
      minimizes the degradation of the drug. The islets were incubated with alloxan for
      30min at 4 degrees C and subsequently various aspects of their metabolism were
      studied. The O(2) consumption was measured by the Cartesian-diver technique.
      Islets exposed to 2mm-alloxan and control islets had the same endogenous
      respiration, whereas the O(2) uptake of the alloxan-treated islets was inhibited
      and that of the control islets stimulated when they were incubated with 28mm
      glucose as an exogenous substrate. The islet glucose oxidation was estimated by
      measurement of the formation of (14)CO(2) from [U-(14)C]glucose at 37 degrees C.
      Compared with the controls, alloxan-treated islets showed a decrease in the
      glucose-oxidation rate in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of the islets
      with 28mm-glucose for 30min at 37 degrees C completely protected against this
      effect, whereas preincubations at glucose concentrations below 16.7mm failed to
      exert any protective effect. The glucose utilization was estimated as the
      formation of (3)H(2)O from [5-(3)H]glucose. Alloxan (2mm) failed to affect islet
      glucoseutilization rate in the presence of either 2.8 or 28mm-glucose. In
      contrast, islets exposed to 5 or 10mm-alloxan exhibited lowered glucose
      utilization. It is concluded that in vitro alloxan has an acute inhibitory effect
      on the islet glucose metabolism, and that this action can be prevented by
      previous exposure to a high glucose concentration. The results are consistent
      with the idea that the B-cytotoxicity of alloxan reflects an interaction with
      intracellular sites involved in the oxidative metabolism of the B-cell.

PMID- 391225
TI  - Regulation of calcium fluxes in pancreatic islets quantification of calcium
      movements.

PMID- 391226
TI  - Interaction of potential metabolites of the carcinogen ethylene dibromide with
      protein and DNA in vitro.

PMID- 391227
TI  - Elongation factors EF-G from E. coli and mammalian mitochondria are not
      functionally interchangeable.

PMID- 391228
TI  - Asymmetry requirement for Ca2+ induced fusion of phosphatidylcholine-phosphatidic
      acid vesicles.

PMID- 391229
TI  - Regulatory features of tRNA Leu I expression in Escherichia coli K12.

PMID- 391230
TI  - Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes synthesize fibronectin.

PMID- 391232
TI  - Chromatographic detection of the acetohydroxy acid synthase isoenzymes of
      Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 391231
TI  - Secretagogues for lysosomal enzyme release as stimulants of arachidonyl
      phosphatidylinositol turnover in rabbit neutrophils.

PMID- 391233
TI  - Comparative studies on the increase by polyamines of fidelity of protein
      synthesis in Escherichia coli and wheat germ cell-free systems.

PMID- 391234
TI  - On the mechanism of conversion of dethiobiotin to biotin in Escherichia coli.
      Discussion of the occurrence of an intermediate hydroxylation.

PMID- 391235
TI  - An acidic protein associated to ribosomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae changes
      during cell cycle.

PMID- 391236
TI  - Origin and distribution of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol in body fluids.

PMID- 391238
TI  - Accelerated appearance of neoplasms in female NZB/NZW mice treated with high-dose
      cyclophosphamide.
AB  - Prolonged immunosuppressive therapy with cyclophosphamide increases the
      prevalence of neoplasms in NZB/NZW mice, an animal model of systemic lupus
      erythematosus. The current study was designed to compare the oncogenic properties
      of high dose cyclophosphamide with a low dose therapeutic regimen. Female NZB/NZW
      mice received life-long therapy with "high dose" cyclophosphamide, 16 mg/kg/day,
      or "low-dose" cyclophosphamide, 5.7 mg/kg/day; control mice received saline. High
      dose therapy clearly accelerated appearance of neoplasms. Seventeen of 19 mice
      treated with high-dose cyclophosphamide developed neoplasms at the mean age of 61
      weeks. Fifty-seven percent of these tumors were mammary carcinomas. Neoplasms
      appeared in all mice treated with low dose; mean longevity in this treatment
      group was 80 weeks (compared to high dose treated mice, P less than 0.001).
      Carcinomas, pulmonary adenomas, and lymphomas were the most common tumors in mice
      receiving low dose therapy. Positive tests for ANA were suppressed in high dose
      treated mice. AntiDNA antibody levels and glomerulonephritis were decreased
      significantly in both groups of cyclophosphamide-treated mice compared to
      controls. It was concluded that the high daily dose of immunosuppressive drug was
      related to early oncogenesis in autoimmune NZB/NZW mice.

PMID- 391237
TI  - Identification of a clinical subset of systemic lupus erythematosus by antibodies
      to the SM antigen.
AB  - The clinical and renal histologic attributes of 135 systemic lupus erythematosus
      (SLE) patients with DNA and/or Sm antibodies were compared to determine if the
      presence of the Sm antibodies served as a marker for a specific subset of SLE.
      Although Raynaud's phenomenon was more frequent in patients with Sm antibodies (P
      less than 0.005), serious central nervous system disease was over three times as
      common in patients with DNA antibodies (P less than 0.005). Only one of 23
      patients with Sm antibodies had diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis on renal
      biopsy, whereas 6 of 14 patients with only DNA antibodies had this histologic
      finding (P = 0.01). The Sm antibody system may therefore identify a subset of SLE
      patients with milder central nervous system and renal disease.

PMID- 391239
TI  - The American Rheumatism Association and the Arthritis Foundation: commentary on
      14 years of a happy union.

PMID- 391240
TI  - Effect of p-hydroxyphenyl-propionic ester of tranexamic acid hydrochloride
      (Cetraxate) on peptic ulcer. Multi-center clinical study.
AB  - The therapeutic effects of a new antiulcer drug, a p-hydroxyphenyl-propionic
      ester of tranexamic acid (cetraxate, CET) hydrochloride, were investigated in 234
      patients with gastric ulcer by double blind controlled study using trans-3,7
      dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl-5,9,13-trimethyltetradeca-4,8,12-trienoate (gefarnate) as
      the standard drug in 18 medical institutions. The cure rates confirmed by
      endoscopic examination in CET-treated patients were 28, 61 and 73% each after 4,
      8 and 12 weeks of medication, while those in gefarnate-treated patients were 23,
      47 and 55%, respectively, with statistical significance after 8 and 12 weeks.
      Global utility rate based on the judgement by the physician in charge also
      supported the results with cure rate. Stratified analysis again confirmed the
      superiority of CET hydrochloride against gefarnate in the hospitalized patients
      in terms of both cure rate and global utility rate. However, there was no
      significant difference between the two drugs as to the effects in the out
      patients. Among the symptoms, there was also a significant difference between the
      improvement rate of epigastralgia with the two drugs in favour of CET
      hydrochloride. No serious side effects were reported throughout the study.

PMID- 391241
TI  - [In memoriam, Dr. Ernst Boris Chain].

PMID- 391242
TI  - [Dr. Gunther Kroneberg on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 391243
TI  - [Electron microscopical studies on Candida albicans from vaginal smears during 3
      days' econazole therapy].

PMID- 391244
TI  - The code of ethics--one year later.

PMID- 391245
TI  - An interview with Bonne Smith.

PMID- 391246
TI  - Language training in speech-language pathology and audiology: a survey.

PMID- 391247
TI  - 1978 Survey of educational programs in speech-language pathology and audiology.

PMID- 391248
TI  - The teaching clinic: a supervisory alternative.

PMID- 391249
TI  - Lymphocytes and monocytes in the aortic intima--An electron-microscopic study in
      the rat.
AB  - In an electron-microscopic survey of the aorta in the adult rat, white blood
      cells were found adhering to the intima; these were invariably lymphocytes or
      monocytes. Similar cells were also found beneath the endothelium. Counts were not
      made, but published data indicate that mononuclear cells lying over or within the
      rat aortic intima are approximately 1 for every 9 endothelial cells. This
      infiltration by blood-borne cells is interpreted as a pathologic event, possibly
      in response to a chemical message (antigen?) originating from the underlying
      media.

PMID- 391250
TI  - Prostacyclin synthesis in human and experimental atherosclerosis.

PMID- 391251
TI  - Serratia strains colonising the gut of newborns.

PMID- 391252
TI  - ["In vitro" and "in vivo" antibacterial activity of a new synthetic antibiotic
      cinoxacin].
AB  - The Authors have conducted the experimental studies tending to valuate the
      antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo of cinoxacin versus that demonstrated
      by nalidixic acid. The obtained results demonstrate the cinoxacin presents a
      similar antibacterial activity to that of nalidixic acid.

PMID- 391253
TI  - Nefopam in postoperative pain.
AB  - Three comparable groups of surgical patients were given nefopam 0.2 mg kg-1 or
      0.4 mg kg-1 or morphine 0.15 mg kg-1 for pain relief after operation. Nefopam 0.4
      mg kg-1 was equi-analgesic with morphine 0.15 mg kg-1 and produced no obvious
      cardiovascular or respiratory side-effects.

PMID- 391254
TI  - Cardiovascular response to the i.v. administration of morphine in critically ill
      patients undergoing IPPV.
AB  - The haemodynamic changes following the administration of morphine 0.15 and 0.30
      mg kg-1 i.v. were studied in 11 patients, free from known cardiac disease. All
      patients were acutely ill and their lungs were being ventilated mechanically. In
      those patients receiving 0.15 mg kg-1, the only haemodynamic change was a slight
      and transitory decrease in the systolic arterial pressure. In contrast, several
      changes were observed in patients receiving 0.30 mg kg-1: an immediate and
      prolonged decrease in the cardiac index was noted along with transient decreases
      in heart rate, stroke volume index, arterial pressure and left stroke work index.
      These results suggest that the haemodynamic cost of morphine 10 mg is negligible
      but could be significant when 20 mg has been administered and must be weighed
      against its beneficial effects in the critically ill patient.

PMID- 391256
TI  - Decreased plasma protein binding of phenytoin in patients on valproic acid.
AB  - 1 Plasma protein binding of phenytoin and of valproic acid were measured in ten
      epileptic patients on this drug combination. Ten other epileptics not on valproic
      acid served as controls. All patients had normal kidney function. 2 The measured
      free fraction of phenytoin among the patients on valproic acid ranged from 12.5
      to 23.2% and after recalculation to a plasma albumin level of 45 g/l from 12.5 to
      20.0 (median 15.4%). This differed significantly (P = 0.002, Mann- Whitney U
      test) from the control patients where the normalized values ranged from 9.9 to
      13.9% with a median value of 11.8%. 3 The measured free fractions of phenytoin
      and of valproic acid showed a significant correlation which, however, was due to
      the quantitative relation between the degree of binding of both these drugs and
      the concentration of plasma albumin. There was no discernable relation in this
      material between the free concentration of valproic acid and the free fraction of
      phenytoin. 4 It is concluded that patients on combined treatment with phenytoin
      and valproic acid have an unpredictably raised free fraction of phenytoin. This
      drug interaction therefore can complicate the important plasma level monitoring
      of phenytoin in epileptic patients unless the free concentration of this drug can
      be analysed or estimated.

PMID- 391257
TI  - Modification of phenytoin clearance by valproic acid in normal subjects.
AB  - 1 The effect of valproic acid on the distribution and elimination kinetics of
      intravenously administered phenytoin has been investigated in eight normal
      volunteers. 2 In each of the subjects studied the volume of distribution of
      phenytoin increased significantly during treatment with sodium valproate (1200 mg
      daily for 7 days). 3 Phenytoin clearance was markedly increased in presence of
      valproic acid as compared to control values (0.52 +/- 0.17 v 0.38 +/- 0.11 ml min
      1 kg-1 respectively, P less than 0.02). 4 It is suggested that the increase of
      the volume of distribution and of the serum clearance are secondary to
      displacement of phenytoin from plasma protein binding sites by valproic acid.

PMID- 391255
TI  - Ventilation.

PMID- 391258
TI  - Comparison of propranolol and metoprolol in the management of hyperthyroidism.
AB  - 1 Propranolol and metoprolol were both effective in controlling the symptoms and
      signs of hyperthyroidism. 2 Propranolol caused a highly significant increase in
      serum reverse T3 concentrations with lesser changes in other serum thyroid
      hormone levels, whereas metoprolol did not have this effect. 3 Steady-state
      plasma propranolol and metoprolol levels showed marked inter-individual
      variation. Metoprolol concentrations showed relatively little intra-individual
      variability, and could be related to the clinical efficacy of the drug, whereas
      no such relationship was demonstrated for propranolol.

PMID- 391259
TI  - The measurement of lignocaine at low concentrations in plasma, a comparison of
      gas liquid chromatography with enzyme immunoassay.

PMID- 391260
TI  - Contact allergic sensitivity to chrysanthemum and the photosensitivity dermatitis
      and actinic reticuloid syndrome.
AB  - Of sixty-nine examples of the photosensitivity dermatitis and actinic reticuloid
      syndrome, nine were found to be allergically sensitive to chrysanthemum oleoresin
      extract. Although this extract showed evidence in vitro of a phototoxic action we
      were unable with in vivo studies to explain the connection between the contact
      allergic sensitivity and the photosensitivity. The fractions responsible for the
      in vitro phototoxicity appear to be different from those involved in the in vivo
      contact allergic sensitivity. This study provides further support for the view
      that in the photosensitivity dermatitis and actinic reticuloid syndrome contact
      allergic sensitivity is of importance.

PMID- 391261
TI  - The events leading to the death of patients with pemphigus and pemphigoid.
AB  - This paper is based upon a study of all available records of patients certified
      as having died in hospital from pemphigus and pemphigoid in England and Wales
      from 1962 to 1969. The results differ from most published series in that many of
      the 210 patients died still with extensive skin lesions and with biochemical
      abnormalities, such as low serum albumin, sodium and chloride, which were
      secondary to this. Side-effects of treatment, such as diabetes, peptic
      ulceration, and infections, were also important but the commonest immediate
      causes of death were respiratory tract infections and pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 391262
TI  - IgA linear dermatosis of childhood (chronic bullous disease of childhood).
AB  - Of twenty-seven cases of subepidermal blistering disease of children twelve
      corresponded clinically, histologically and immunologically to dermatitis
      herpetiforms of adults, six to bullous pemphigoid, and eight to chronic bullous
      disease of childhood (CBDC), i.e. IgA linear dermatosis. This latter disease
      seems to be a distinct entity, different from both dermatitis herpetiformis and
      bullous pemphigoid, and is characterized immunopathologically by linear IgA
      deposits at the basement membrane zone. These cases usually do not show
      intestinal involvement and respond well to combined treatment with sulphones and
      corticosteroids, whereas sulphones or sulphapyridine alone are, even in very high
      doses, not sufficient for full control of the disease. CBDC or IgA linear
      dermatosis of childhood may be regarded as a counterpart of IgA linear dermatosis
      of adults.

PMID- 391263
TI  - An appraisal of the methods used in the assessment of atrophy from topical
      corticosteroids.

PMID- 391264
TI  - A further case of coexisting bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus foliaceus.

PMID- 391265
TI  - p-(Bromoacetamido)phenyl uridyl pyrophosphate: an active-site-directed
      irreversible inhibitor for uridine diphosphate galactose 4-epimerase.
AB  - The synthesis of p-(bromoacetamido)phenyl uridyl pyrophosphate (BUP) is
      described. This compound is an active-site-directed irreversible inhibitor of
      Escherichia coli UDP-galactose 4-epimerase. The inactivation follows pseudo-first
      order kinetics at pH 8.5 in nonnucleophilic buffers, and a saturation effect is
      seen in the pseudo-first-order rate constant as the concentration of BUP is
      increased. The half-saturation parameter for BUP in the inactivation is 0.21 +/-
      0.02 mM, which compares favorably with the inhibition constant of 0.3 +/- 0.05 mM
      for BUP acting as a competitive reversible inhibitor of the enzyme. The
      inactivation rate is slow, however, with a minimum half-time of 12 h at pH 8.5
      and 27 degrees C. Both specific alkylation and nonspecific alkylation by BUP
      occur, but nonspecific alkylation is faster than the inactivation and the rate of
      inactivation correlates well with the rate of covalent incorporation of one
      molecule of [14C]BUP at the active site.

PMID- 391266
TI  - Partial purification and characterization of a protein lysine methyltransferase
      from plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum.
AB  - Plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum have an active protein lysine
      methyltransferase (S-adenosylmethionine:protein-lysine methyltransferase, EC
      2.1.1.43). This enzyme has been purified 40-fold with a 13% yield, and it
      catalyzes the transfer of methyl groups from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the
      epsilon-amino group of lysine residues with formation of N epsilon-mono-, N
      epsilon-di-, and N epsilon-trimethyllysines in a molar ratio of 4:1:1 based on
      [14C]methyl incorporation into the methylated lysines. The ratio remains
      unchanged at all stages of the partial purification, as well as after
      fractionation by sucrose density gradient centrifugation and gel electrophoresis.
      The rate of protein methylation is time dependent, enzyme concentration
      dependent, and requires the presence of a sulfhydryl reducing agent for optimal
      activity. The enzyme has optimal activity at pH 8 and is inhibited by S-adenosyl
      L-homocysteine and EDTA. Lysine-rich and arginine-rich histones serve as the most
      effective exogenous protein acceptors; P. polycephalum actomyosin is inactive,
      and chick skeletal myofibrillar proteins are 25% as effective as exogenous mixed
      histones as substrates. Lysine, polylysine, ribonuclease A, cytochrome c, and
      bovine serum albumin are not methylated.

PMID- 391267
TI  - Collagen synthesis by bovine aortic endothelial cells in culture.
AB  - Endothelial cells isolated from bovine aorta synthesize and secrete type III
      procollagen in culture. The procollagen, which represents the major collagenous
      protein in culture medium, was specifically precipitated by antibodies to bovine
      type III procollagen and was purified by diethyl-aminoethylcellulose
      chromatography. Unequivocal identification of the pepsin-treated collagen was
      made by direct comparison with type III collagen isolated by pepsin digestion of
      bovine skin, utilizing peptide cleavage patterns generated by vertebrate
      collagenase, CNBr, and mast cell protease. The type III collagen was hydroxylated
      to a high degree, having a hydroxyproline/proline ratio of 1.5:1.0. Pulse-chase
      studies indicated that the procollagen was not processed to procollagen
      intermediates or to collagen. Pepsin treatment of cell layers, followed by salt
      fractionation at acidic and neutral pH, produced several components which were
      sensitive to bacterial collagenase and which comigrated on sodium dodecyl sulfate
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with alpha A, alpha B, and type IV collagen
      chains purified from human placenta by similar techniques. Bovine aortic
      endothelial cells also secreted fibronectin and a bacterial collagenase
      insensitive glycoprotein which, after reduction, had a molecular weight of
      135,000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (using
      procollagen molecular weight standards) and which was not precipitable by
      antibodies to cold-insoluble globulin or to alpha 2-macroglobulin. Collagen
      biosynthesis by these cells provides an interesting model system for studying the
      polarity of protein secretion and the attachment of cells to an extracellular
      matrix. The presence of type III collagen in the subendothelium and the specific
      interaction of this protein with fibronectin and platelets suggest the
      involvement of this collagen in thrombus formation following endothelial cell
      injury.

PMID- 391268
TI  - Protein synthesis kinetics with ribosomes from temperature-sensitive mutants of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The kinetics of MS2 ribonucleic acid (RNA) directed protein synthesis have been
      investigated at seven temperatures between 30 and 47 degrees C by using ribosomes
      isolated from a wild type strain and seven temperature-sensitive mutants of
      Escherichia coli. The amount of MS2 coat protein formed at each temperature was
      determined by gel electrophoresis of the products formed with control ribosomes.
      With ribosomes from each of the mutant strains, the activation energy required to
      drive protein synthesis below the maximum temperature (up to 40 degrees C) was
      increased relative to the control (wild type) activity. Preincubation of the
      ribosomes at 44 degrees C revealed the kinetics of thermal inactivation, with
      ribosomes from each of the mutants having a half-life for inactivation less than
      that of the control ribosomes. A good correlation was observed between the
      relative activity of the different ribosomes at 44 degrees C and their relative
      rate of thermal inactivation. Mixing assays allowed the identification of a
      temperature-sensitive ribosomal subunit for each of the mutants. Defects in one
      or more of three specific steps in protein synthesis (messenger RNA binding,
      transfer RNA binding, transfer RNA binding, and subunit reassociation) were
      identified for the ribosomes from each mutant. The relationship between
      temperature sensitivity and protein synthesis in these strains is discussed.

PMID- 391269
TI  - Structural and mechanistic studies of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
      multienzyme complex from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 391270
TI  - Structure and enzymatic functions of thioredoxin refolded by complementation of
      two tryptic peptide fragments.
AB  - The physicochemical and catalytic properties of thioredoxin-T' are described.
      This complemented protein structure consists of a 1:1 complex between the
      inactive fragments thioredoxin-T-(1--73) and thioredoxin T-(74--108). These are
      generated by selective trypsin cleavage at Arg-73 in lysine-modified and
      denatured Escherichia coli thioredoxin. Thioredoxin-T' was a slowly formed but
      stable complex with an apparent KD below 10(-8) M. The tryptophan fluorescence
      spectrum and the CD spectrum were very similar to those of native thioredoxin;
      some conformational differences were detected by gel chromatography and
      radioimmunoassay. Thioredoxin-T'-S2 was a substrate for NADPH and thioredoxin
      reductase and had 1--2% of the activity of native thioredoxin. This low relative
      activity was the result of a major increase in the Km value. Thioredoxin-(SH)2
      was a hydrogen donor for E. coli ribonucleotide reductase with about 3% relative
      activity. These results for thioredoxin-T' are correlated with the known three
      dimensional structure of thioredoxin. The microenvironment around Arg-73 that is
      close to the active disulfide appears to be of critical importance for the
      interactions of thioredoxin with thioredoxin reductase and ribonucleotide
      reductase.

PMID- 391271
TI  - Thioredoxin-C': mechanism of noncovalent complementation and reactions of the
      refolded complex and the active site containing fragment with thioredoxin
      reductase.

PMID- 391273
TI  - Structure of Escherichia coli membranes. Phospholipid conformation in model
      membranes and cells as studied by deuterium magnetic resonance.

PMID- 391272
TI  - Effect of an induced conformational change on the physical properties of two
      chemotactic receptor molecules.
AB  - The physical properties and conformational dynamics of the Salmonella typhimurium
      ribose and galactose receptors have been examined. Studies involving circular
      dichroism, fluorescence, absorption spectroscopy, and sedimentation analysis show
      that the two receptor proteins have different morphologies and exhibit diverse
      responses to sugar binding. The ribose receptor lacks both tryptophan and
      disulfide residues, and the galactose receptor lacks disulfides and has only a
      single tryptophan residue. By virtue of these fortuitous properties, the
      conformational changes induced in these proteins by sugar binding can be
      dissected by utilizing a variety of physical probes. A ligand-induced
      conformational change in the ribose receptor is shown by circular dichroism and
      fluorescence spectroscopy, which reveal spectral changes assignable to tyrosine,
      phenylalanine, and methionine residues. A conformational change in the galactose
      receptor has been demonstrated by fluorescence spectroscopy involving the distant
      reporter group method, which shows changes assignable to tryptophan and
      methionine sites and which is corroborated by sedimentation analysis. It is clear
      that there are extensive conformational changes in the two receptor proteins and
      that the different physical methods provide complementary information on the
      nature of these changes.

PMID- 391274
TI  - Beta- and gamma-thio analogues of adenosine triphosphate as probes of the
      Escherichia coli valyl transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase reaction pathway. A
      novel stereospecific interchange of adenosine 5'-O-(2-thiotriphosphate) to
      adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate).

PMID- 391275
TI  - Selective repression of transcription by base sequence specific synthetic
      polymers.
AB  - We report the effect of novel synthetic polymers on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
      directed ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis in vitro. Polymers contained base
      selective monomers, including a GC-specific phenazine derivative and an AT
      specific triphenylmethane dye. Radical chain polymerization was carried out in
      aqueous solution by using monomers bound to a template DNA, which was obtained
      from either lambda or T7 bacteriophage. Polymers were isolated and reannealed
      with DNA samples, including competitive mixtures of T7 and lambda DNAs. We
      measured transcription from DNA-polymer complexes by using Escherichia coli RNA
      polymerase and determined not only the reduction in total transcription levels
      but also the relative inhibition of lambda- or T7-specific transcription by using
      a hybridization assay. The results show that micromolar concentrations of
      individual dyes are sufficient to cause substantial inhibition of transcription
      when the dyes are incorporated into polymers. More significantly, a number of the
      polymers inhibited more strongly transcription from the DNA which had served as
      template for polymer synthesis than from the DNA present as competitor in the
      annealing process. We conclude that template synthesis of DNA-binding polymers
      can lead to preferential inhibition of function of the original template. The
      apparent relative affinity of polymer for competing DNAs can be altered by at
      least an order of magnitude depending on which DNA was used as the synthesis
      template. The results offer a new approach to improving the specificity of DNA
      binding drugs.

PMID- 391276
TI  - Circular dichroism study of the solution conformation of luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone.
AB  - A systematic investigation has been made into the circular dichroic behavior of
      luteinizing hormone releasing hormone and its peptide fragments and deletion
      analogues. The results are interpreted to mean that the hormone exists in
      solution as an ensemble of conformers with different sensitivities to temperature
      and solvent composition. The far-ultraviolet circular dichroic spectra exhibited
      by the hormone under different experimental conditions can be simulated
      satisfactorily by the weighted addition of the spectra of its aliphatic- and
      aromatic-containing halves. However, the structure of the hormone is not simply
      the sum of its halves, since some conformational feature of the intact molecule
      perturbs the near-ultraviolet circular dichroism of its aromatic residues.

PMID- 391277
TI  - Isolation and characterization of twenty-three ribosomal proteins from large
      subunits of yeast.
AB  - The proteins of large ribosomal subunits from Saccharomyces cerevisiae were
      separated into 25 fractions by chromatography on columns of
      carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). Twenty-three proteins were then purified from the
      12 CMC fractions by filtration through Sephadex G-75, Sephadex G-100, and
      Sephacryl S-200, and/or by phosphocellulose column chromatography. The isolated
      proteins are YP 1, YP 2, YP 9, YP 11, YP 13', YP 16, YP 18, YP 26, YP 39, YP 41,
      YP 42, YP 42', YP 44, YP 45, YP 47', YP 52a, YP 53, YP 55, YP 59, YP 62, YP 68,
      YP A1, and YP A2. The molecular weight and amino acid composition of these
      proteins are presented.

PMID- 391278
TI  - The Escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system:
      observation of heterogeneity in the amino acid composition of HPr.
AB  - Resonances of the aromatic protons of tyrosine have been observed in the proton
      nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectrum of purified HPr from Escherichia
      coli. Analysis of the NMR spectrum of native HPr suggests that the tyrosine is
      located in a single position in the secondary structure and that this position is
      on the interior of the molecule inaccessible to solvent. Previous reports
      suggested that E. coli HPr contained no tyrosine [Anderson, B., Weigel, N.,
      Kundig, W., & Roseman, S. (1971) J. Biol. Chem. 246, 7023--7033]. In contrast, we
      find, by amino acid analysis and ultraviolet and NMR spectroscopy, that E. coli
      HPr does contain tyrosine but at a subintegral level of 0.5 +/- 0.1 mol of
      tyrosine per mol of HPr.

PMID- 391279
TI  - N-(5-Phosphoribosyl)anthranilate isomerase-indoleglycerol-phosphate synthase. 1.
      A substrate analogue binds to two different binding sites on the bifunctional
      enzyme from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 391280
TI  - N-(5-Phosphoribosyl)anthranilate isomerase-indoleglycerol-phosphate synthase. 2.
      Fast-reaction studies show that a fluorescent substrate analogue binds
      independently to two different sites.
AB  - The mechanism of binding of reduced 1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxyribulose 5
      phosphate (rCdRP) to two different binding sites on the bifunctional enzyme is
      determined by kinetic studies, using temperature-jump and stopped-flow equipment
      with fluorescence detection. Two rapid binding processes and a comparatively slow
      isomerization process are observed over a wide range of enzyme and rCdRP
      concentrations. Kinetic measurements with low concentrations of rCdRP show that
      the isomerization is coupled only to the more rapid of the two binding reactions
      that involves the active site of indoleglycerol-phosphate synthase. The slower of
      the two binding reactions represents rCdRP binding in one step to the active site
      of (phosphoribosyl)anthranilate isomerase. The simplest mechanism explaining
      quantitatively the dependence of the relaxation times on concentration consists
      of rCdRP binding to two sites on the enzyme that are intrinsically different and
      independent, even to the extent that a ligand-induced isomerization of one site
      is not transmitted to the other site. Simulation studies show that the
      concentration dependences of the amplitudes of the three relaxation processes are
      also consistent with the mechanism. The results are discussed in terms of two
      autonomous domains of folding of the polypeptide chain.

PMID- 391281
TI  - Rotational and lateral diffusion of membrane proteins.

PMID- 391282
TI  - Purification of cell membrane glycoproteins by lectin affinity chromatography.

PMID- 391283
TI  - Lipid polymorphism and the functional roles of lipids in biological membranes.

PMID- 391284
TI  - Metabolism of estrogens in breast cancer.

PMID- 391285
TI  - Physiological and pharmacological effects of estrogens in breast cancer.

PMID- 391286
TI  - Estrogen and progesterone receptor proteins in breast cancer.

PMID- 391287
TI  - Electrophoretic variation of aconitase and phosphoglucomutase detected in
      Microtus californicus.
AB  - Four electrophoretic variants of cytoplasmic aconitase (citrate (isocitrate)
      hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.3) were detected in a population of Microtus californicus
      when samples were screened by starch gel electrophoresis using Tris/citrate
      buffers at pH 7.0 and pH 8.7. Variation at what is presumed to be the
      phosphoglucomutase-3 locus (alpha-D-glucose-1,6-diphosphate:alpha-D-glucose-1
      phosphate phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.5.1) was also detected with liver samples
      but was not detected in kidney samples or red blood cells lysates. This
      nongenetic variation is due to oxidation of free sulfhydryl groups.

PMID- 391288
TI  - [Ribosomes of the lower eukaryotes].

PMID- 391289
TI  - Reactivity of anti nucleoside antibodies with metaphase chromosomes.
AB  - It is shown that the binding of anti-nucleoside antibodies to fixed human
      metaphase chromosomes can be revealed using the immunoperoxidase procedure while
      under the same conditions no antibody binding is revealed using the
      immunofluorescence procedure.

PMID- 391291
TI  - Blockade of episodic secretion of luteinizing hormone in the ram by the
      administration of antibodies to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone.

PMID- 391290
TI  - Effect of testosterone and estradiol-17 beta alone and in combination on LH and
      FSH concentrations in blood serum and pituitary of geldings and in serum after
      administration of GnRH.

PMID- 391292
TI  - Mechanical cardiopulmonary support and artificial hearts.
AB  - The literature pertaining to the field of mechanical support of the circulation
      has been selective reviewed. The principal restraints to its further progress
      have been highlighted, and the efforts of the writer and his coworkers in certain
      of these sensitive areas has been commented on. The future of the materials
      problem, a major one, lies in study at the molecular level.

PMID- 391293
TI  - Hb A1c: a review on its structure, biosynthesis, clinical significance and
      methods of assay.
AB  - Normal red blood cells contain, in addition to the major hemoglobin (Hb A) some
      minor fractions as Hb A2 and glycosylated hemoglobins: Hb A1a, Hb A1b, Hb A1c.
      The study of the glycosylated hemoglobins has been greatly stimulated by the
      observation that their proportion was increased in diabetes mellitus. This paper
      sums up the more recent knowledge on the structure of the minor fractions, and
      mainly on Hb A1c. Biosynthesis of these hemoglobins is also considered. Since the
      glycosylated hemoglobins has raised a great interest, different techniques were
      designed for its assay: chemical, chromatographic and immunological techniques
      and isoelectric focusing. In this paper, these different methods are reviewed and
      compared.

PMID- 391294
TI  - Culture of diploid and heteroploid cells on dextran "microbeads" in suspension:
      studies of growth kinetics.

PMID- 391295
TI  - [Immunoluminescent detection of antibodies to testicular antigens in experimental
      autoimmune orchitis].
AB  - Antibodies interacting with spermatid structures in the testis sections and with
      acrosome and caudal regions of spermatozoa in the smears of sperm were determined
      in the sera of guinea pigs and mice with experimental autoimmune orchitis by the
      indirect immunofluorescent method. The antibodies were found in mice from the
      14th to the 30th day and in guinea pigs from the 14th to the 60th day after
      immunization. Circulation time and the level of the fluorescent antibodies were
      significantly decreased in immunized female guinea pigs and mice. Fluorescent
      antibodies did not show cytotoxic effect and belonged to the IgG fraction. The
      fluorescent antibodies of guinea pigs did not react with the mouse testicular
      antigens in cross reaction. The analogous results were seen in the cross reaction
      of the mouse antibodies with the guinea pig antigens.

PMID- 391296
TI  - [Specifically reactive cells in experimental allergic pertussis
      encephalomyelitis].
AB  - Dynamics of emergence of specific reactive cell (SRC) with respect to the brain
      antigen in the draining regional lymph nodes and peripheral blood was studied in
      experimental whooping cough allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in guinea pigs. The
      greatest number of SRC in the regional lymph nodes, that markedly decreased by
      the 9th day of sensitization, was revealed in the middle of the EAE incubation
      period (the 6-7th day), whereas the peripheral blood showed the highest SRC
      number during this period. The SRC number rose in the regional lymph nodes and
      dropped in the peripheral blood at the height of EAE progress (the 20th day). It
      is concluded that SRC found may be attributed to T lymphocyte population.

PMID- 391297
TI  - [Cellular regulation of human lymphocyte mitogenic factor release in vitro].
AB  - Production of the mitogenic facotr by human lymphocytes stimulated with
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was investigated. Anti-PHA antibodies were used for
      studying the culture medium mitogenic activity. The mitogenic factor production
      markedly increased after lymphocyte irradiation. When macrophages were
      eliminated, using iron powder, mitogenic factor generation was also increased. It
      was demonstrated that lymphocyte irradiation and macrophage elimination
      stimulated the mitogenic factor production throgh different mechanisms.

PMID- 391298
TI  - [Localization of neurospecific protein-antigens on the surface membrane of
      neurons and glia of grape shails].
AB  - The existence of cross (common) proteins-antigens on the membrane of nervous and
      glial cells of Helix pomatia in vitro was proved by Coons' method of
      immunofluorescence. The presence of the neurospecific protein S-100 on the
      membrane of these cells and antigenous heterogeneity of the membranes of the
      neuronal cell population were established. The antigen concentration was shown to
      vary on the somatic and axonal membranes. The distribution pattern of specific
      luminescence indicates potential qualitative and/or quantitative differences in
      the content of neurospecific proteins in various portions of the neuronal
      membrane.

PMID- 391299
TI  - [Role of the thymus in regulation of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor
      production in mice of different genotypes].
AB  - The influence of the thymus on the production of the macrophage migration
      inhibitory factor (MIF) was studied in C57BL and CBA mice thymectomized at 4--6
      weeks of age. On the 1--21st day after the operation they were immunized
      intraperitoneally with complete Freund's adjuvant. MIF production stimulated by
      tuberculin was determined on the maximum of the immune response. MIF production
      was abolished in mice of both lines already during the first days. To elucidate a
      relationship between MIF production and the presence of the thymus the former was
      investigated in the thymectomized "nude" mice. The mice showed no MIF production.
      It was found as well that thymectomy can interrupt the immune response in early
      stages of its development and completely eliminates MIF production the first days
      after immunization. Moreover, thymectomy in adult mice also changes spontaneous
      migration of macrophages both in immunized and non-immunized mice. These changes
      were more pronounced in C57BL mice.

PMID- 391300
TI  - [Reconstruction of the tubular epithelium of allotransplanted kidneys of man in
      late periods following transplantation].
AB  - The structure of allotransplanted kidneys (AK) from human cadavers that remained
      in the recipient's body for a long time (4 months-6 years) has been studied. AK
      that preserved good function up to the patient's death not consequent on the
      transplant insufficiency showed a weak immunocellular connective tissue, with the
      epithelium of proximal canaliculi being cytologically reconstructed. The
      reconstruction lay in formation of numerous polykaryocytes having a hypertrophied
      brush-like outline. This phenomenon ("proximal polykaryocytosis") is assessed as
      a manifestation of regeneratory potencies of the epithelium of AK proximal
      tubules in late periods after transplantation. Chronic moderate hypoxia of AK was
      conducive to reconstruction of the epithelium of the nephron proximal part.
      Inadequate function of AK was related to the development of chronic rejection
      resistant to the treatment, and AK demonstrated an intensive immunocellular
      reaction and developed gross sclerosis that produced atrophy of most AK tubular.

PMID- 391301
TI  - Myeloid differentiation in cultures of human hemopoietic precursor cells.

PMID- 391303
TI  - Utilization of bacterial colony counters to count early instar water fleas
      (Daphnia magna).

PMID- 391302
TI  - Inherited glucosephosphate isomerase deficiency. A review of known variants and
      some aspects of the pathomechanism of the deficiency.
AB  - Since the first report of GPI deficiency in 1967 many patients from all over the
      world have been described. The patients suffer from a typical nonspherocytic
      hemolytic anemia with hemolytic crises during acute infections. The disease is
      inherited as an autosomal recessive, half of the patients are homozygotic, the
      others are double heterozygotes. The biochemical properties of the deficient
      enzymes vary widely. Thus, many well characterized enzymes have been designated
      as different variants. The modification of physicochemical properties surpasses
      kinetic aberrations. All defective variants are more or less unstable. The
      activity diminishes progressively, leading to a rise in G6P concentration and in
      red cells after aging in vitro to a dramatic impairment of glycolysis and
      concomittant hemolysis. The cause of the metabolic block is the diminished GPI
      activity itself and not an inhibition of hexokinase by the high G6P.

PMID- 391304
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor M. Florkin and Professor M. Millet].

PMID- 391305
TI  - Immunodiagnosis of malaria infections by the national malaria eradication service
      (SNEM) of Costa Rica.

PMID- 391306
TI  - Serological studies on the Shwartzman phenomenon-like reaction in germ free and
      conventional mice.

PMID- 391307
TI  - Allergic responses to dental products utilized in prosthetic treatments.

PMID- 391308
TI  - An immediate full upper denture service with a rationale for trimming the cast.

PMID- 391309
TI  - Causal relationship between service-connected amputation and subsequent
      cardiovascular disorder: a review of the literature and a statistical analysis of
      the relationship.

PMID- 391311
TI  - Veterans Administration Rehabilitative Engineering Research and Development
      Service programs.

PMID- 391310
TI  - Report to the Veterans' Administration Department of Medicine and Surgery on
      service-connected traumatic limb amputations and subsequent mortality from
      cardiovascular disease and other causes of death.
AB  - Men drafted into the Army, hospitalized during 1944 to 1945 for service-connected
      trauma to the extremities, and consequently separated for disability were
      followed for mortality from January 1946 to April 1977. Three groups were
      established consisting of those whose injury resulted in (a) limb amputation, (b)
      disfiguration without loss of body part, (c) loss of part of hand or part of
      foot. Group (a) had a mortality, standardized for age and calendar time, 1.4
      times that of Group (b), matched on age and length of service at admission, and
      1.3 times that of Group (c), similar on age and length of service to Group (a).
      The excess mortality of limb amputees was statistically significant (P less than
      .05) for ischemic heart disease, other diseases of the cardiovascular system,
      suicide by poisoning, alcholic cirrhosis, and cute pancreatitis. Possibly (P less
      than .1) there was also an increased risk of diabetes and cancer of the buccal
      cavity and pharynx.

PMID- 391312
TI  - Marguerite T. Hays receives honorary degree.

PMID- 391313
TI  - John D. Malamazian receives awards.

PMID- 391315
TI  - A new approach to rectal cancer.

PMID- 391316
TI  - The therapeutic community.

PMID- 391314
TI  - Disorders of collagen structure and metabolism.

PMID- 391318
TI  - Renal transplantation with multiple arteries.
AB  - Out of a total of 184 transplant operations there were 27 kidneys with 2 or more
      renal arteries. Five of these were in 23 related transplants. Ischaemic times
      were increased compared with those of kidneys with single arteries, but the
      incidence and duration of acute tubular necrosis and also the length of time
      spent in hospital were similar in both groups. Excessive bleeding and other
      complications were no more common than following single arterial anastomosis.
      Kidneys with multiple arteries can be used safely if careful interrupted suturing
      is performed, the kidneys are perfused before and kept cool during the procedure
      and polar arteries are not tied.

PMID- 391317
TI  - Intradural extramedullary aspergilloma complicating chronic lymphatic leukaemia.

PMID- 391319
TI  - Gastroenteritis associated with wild birds in a hospital kitchen.

PMID- 391320
TI  - Therapeutic applications of vitamin D analogues.

PMID- 391323
TI  - Bone and joint tuberculosis.

PMID- 391321
TI  - Comparison of buprenorphine and pethidine given intravenously on demand to
      relieve postoperative pain.
AB  - In a double-blind study of on-demand intravenous analgesia buprenorphine was
      found to be about 600 times as potent as pethidine. The incidence of side effects
      was similar with both drugs. The quality of analgesia, subjectively assessed, was
      good with both drugs using this method of administration. Provided that its low
      potential for abuse is substantiated, buprenorphine appears to be a powerful
      analgesic that may successfully be given intravenously on demand.

PMID- 391322
TI  - Immunological effect of co-trimoxazole on platelets.
AB  - Diminished survival of transfused platelets occurred in two patients given co
      trimoxazole, and a third patient taking this drug developed thrombocytopenia. By
      means of an indirect immunofluorescence assay antibodies against donor platelets
      coated with co-trimoxazole were found in the sera in all cases. These antibodies
      were directed against the trimethoprim component of co-trimoxazole and not
      against sulphamethoxazole. Co-trimoxazole is a potent antimicrobial agent and is
      advocated for treatment and prophylaxis in leukaemia. Hence its adverse effect on
      platelets is of great importance.

PMID- 391324
TI  - View from childhood.

PMID- 391325
TI  - Kidney transplants and long-term immunosuppression.

PMID- 391326
TI  - Choline chloride in the treatment of ataxia.

PMID- 391327
TI  - Systemic lupus erythematosus: treatment and prognosis.

PMID- 391328
TI  - Extrapyramidal syndrome with sodium valproate.

PMID- 391329
TI  - Lady of questions and answers (Isobel Barnett).

PMID- 391330
TI  - General practice.

PMID- 391331
TI  - Which prophylactic drugs for malaria?

PMID- 391332
TI  - Wanted: a new wound dressing.

PMID- 391333
TI  - Does captopril lower blood pressure in anephric patients?

PMID- 391334
TI  - Busman's holiday.

PMID- 391335
TI  - Reversible renal failure during treatment with captopril.

PMID- 391336
TI  - Recognisable patterns of male infertility.

PMID- 391337
TI  - Weight penalties.

PMID- 391338
TI  - Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from blood culture.

PMID- 391339
TI  - Anaesthesia.

PMID- 391340
TI  - ABC of blood pressure measurement. Reconciling the controversies: a comment on
      "the literature".

PMID- 391341
TI  - In and out of medicine. Man at the top.

PMID- 391342
TI  - Controlled trial of trimipramine, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and combined
      treatment in depressed outpatients.
AB  - A study was carried out in which 135 mildly or moderately depressed outpatients
      were randomly allocated to one of five groups receiving six weeks' treatment
      weith antidepressant drugs. The groups received a tricyclic antidepressant
      (trimipramine; mean dose 106 mg at night) or a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
      (phenelzine or isocarboxazid; mean doses 45 and 32 mg/day respectively), or a
      combination of the two (phenelzine plus trimipramine or isocarboxazid plus
      trimipramine). Various scales were used to measure depression before and at one,
      three, and six weeks of treatment, and results were assessed blindly. The
      tricyclic antidepressant was found to be consistently superior to the MAOIs and
      the combined treatments. Some differential indicators of response to the various
      antidepressants were found--for example, patients with initial complaints of
      dizziness, suicidal ideas, irritability, and insomnia and a longer duration of
      illness were more likely to respond to trimipramine--but these were of only
      modest significance. Side effects were not troublesome in any group. It is
      concluded that neither MAOIs nor MAOIs combined with tricyclic antidepressants
      are the treatment of first choice in unselected outpatients with mild or moderate
      depression.

PMID- 391343
TI  - Bacterial contamination of expressed breast milk.
AB  - In a study of breast milk collected into sterile bottles rinsed in 1%
      hypochlorite solution the hypochlorite solution adherent to the sides of the
      bottles apparently caused a large reduction in bacterial contamination of the
      milk after storage at 4 degrees C for up to four hours. Heating expressed breast
      milk at 62.5 degrees C for five minutes destroyed over 90% of the Escherichia
      coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and group B beta-haemolytic streptococci inoculated
      into the milk samples. Rinsing collecting bottles with hypochlorite solution may
      be valuable in collecting milk with a low bacterial content for human-milk banks.
      Furthermore, the currently accepted pasteurisation time of 30 minutes may be
      excessive.

PMID- 391345
TI  - S Orlowski.

PMID- 391344
TI  - J G Robertson.

PMID- 391346
TI  - J A Sadler.

PMID- 391347
TI  - John Yule.

PMID- 391348
TI  - S L Strange.

PMID- 391349
TI  - C S Hallpike.

PMID- 391350
TI  - C V Gledhill.

PMID- 391351
TI  - W S Haynes.

PMID- 391352
TI  - D A Geddes-Brown.

PMID- 391353
TI  - H S Tibbits.

PMID- 391354
TI  - M W Gedroyc.

PMID- 391355
TI  - Dendritic bundles: survey of anatomical experiments and physiological theories.
AB  - Dendritic bundles have been found throughout the mammalian brain. Unquestionably,
      these bundles must serve one or more important, fundamental roles in the brain's
      functioning. However, no physiological experiments to determine their function
      have been performed on these well-established anatomical units. We survey the
      numerous anatomical reports of bundling. In addition, we discuss several
      physiological possibilities for the functional significance of bundles.

PMID- 391356
TI  - [Immunofluorescence study of pulmonary biopsies in 18 patients with extensive
      severe acute pneumopathies].

PMID- 391358
TI  - [Limits of the removable partial prosthesis with metal body: tissue analysis and
      plate design].

PMID- 391357
TI  - [Histoimmunological methods in the diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis and chronic
      bronchitis].

PMID- 391359
TI  - [Precision of positioning impressions. Comparative and experimental study].

PMID- 391360
TI  - [Protocol for functional occlusion analysis with evaluation of anterior
      guidance].

PMID- 391361
TI  - [Examination of a ceramic-metallic bond].

PMID- 391362
TI  - [Telescopic crowns bonded by annular joints].

PMID- 391363
TI  - [Coping impression tray method].

PMID- 391364
TI  - [Value of direct occlusal support for Kennedy-Applegate Class I bases].

PMID- 391365
TI  - [Bonding of nickel-chromium super-alloy fixed prostheses: operatory protocol].

PMID- 391366
TI  - [Laboratory preparation of a personalized rubber dam intended for bonding of a
      fixed prosthesis].

PMID- 391367
TI  - [Clinical forms of the ceramico-aluminous jacket crown].

PMID- 391368
TI  - [Impression taking with the aid of R. collars].

PMID- 391369
TI  - [Drilled crowns: attachment support].

PMID- 391371
TI  - [The immediate prosthesis: the laboratory].

PMID- 391370
TI  - [The immediate prosthesis: presentation of a clinical case].

PMID- 391372
TI  - Prostaglandin actions and interactions on isolated perfused rat hearts.

PMID- 391373
TI  - Separate hypoglycaemic thresholds for gastric acid and pepsin secretion following
      insulin or posterior hypothalamic stimulation.
AB  - The level of hypoglycaemia required to elicit gastric secretion of acid and
      pepsin was studied in urethane-anaesthetized rats. Hypoglycaemia was induced by
      intravenous injection of insulin or by electrical stimulation of the posterior
      hypothalamus. In each case the blood glucose values below which gastric secretion
      was stimulated were significantly higher for pepsin than for acid secretion. This
      consistently resulted in the onset of pepsin secretion in advance of the onset of
      acid secretion. These observations suggest that the production of the different
      components of the gastric juice was under the influence of either separate
      hypothalamic glucoreceptors, or a single set of glucoreceptors able to respond
      selectively to different blood glucose levels.

PMID- 391374
TI  - Regulation of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue and heart.

PMID- 391375
TI  - Computer-assisted electrocardiographic interpretation.

PMID- 391376
TI  - Platelet transfusions.
AB  - Platelets play a pivotal role in hemostasis by forming the initial hemostatic
      plug and augmenting the formation of the more permanent fibrin thrombus.
      Thrombocytopenia may lead to bleeding, which can be treated with therapeutic
      platelet transfusions or prevented with prophylactic transfusions. While many
      advances have been made in platelet transfusion technology, problems remain.
      These include the short storage life of liquid-stored platelets and the frequent
      development of alloantibodies (the refractory state) in patients receiving a
      number of transfusions. Significant progress, however, is being made in both
      areas.

PMID- 391378
TI  - Immunofluorescence assay for antinuclear factor: a nonspecific test in
      hospitalized medical patients.
AB  - Serum from 149 randomly selected hospitalized medical patients was tested for the
      presence of antinuclear factor (ANF) by the conventional immunofluorescence
      technique. Patients with positive and negative results were then compared as to
      clinical history, particularly previous drug exposure, physical findings, and
      levels of C-reactive protein and immune complexes in the serum. The frequency of
      ANF positivity was found to be very high (23%). Although the presence of ANF was
      significantly correlated (P less than 0.02) with a higher age, it was not
      significantly related to any other clinical or laboratory feature assessed. It
      was concluded that ANF testing cannot serve as a blind diagnostic screening tool
      for connective tissue diseases because of its nonspecificity.

PMID- 391377
TI  - Obesity may be due to a malfunctioning of brown fat.
AB  - Recent basic research on the functioning of brown fat, a heat-producing tissue,
      has been fitted together with research on obesity to provide an exciting and
      challenging new approach to the study of the cause of obesity and could serve as
      a starting point for the development of new modes of treatment. Recent studies on
      brown adipose tissue have shown that a defect in this tissue is one probable
      cause of obesity.

PMID- 391379
TI  - David Crombie: is a nice guy big enough to handle a $14 billion portfolio?

PMID- 391381
TI  - [The new Dean at Sherbrooke: the integrator of a dynamic environment].

PMID- 391380
TI  - Antihypertensive efficacy of propranolol given twice daily.
AB  - The therapeutic efficacy of propranolol in four and two daily doses was compared
      in 63 treated hypertensive patients in a multicentre trial. After 3 months of a
      stable diastolic blood pressure while receiving propranolol four times a day the
      patients were switched to a twice-a-day regimen, the drug being given at 8 am and
      8 pm, with the same total daily dose, for 3 more months. Blood pressures and
      heart rates were measured at 8 am, 12 noon, 4 pm and 8 pm at 4-week intervals.
      There were no significant changes in mean blood pressure after the change to the
      twice-a-day regimen, although some patients reported new side effects. Compliance
      appeared to be unaffected.

PMID- 391382
TI  - Dr. C. Edwin Corrigan: courage and determination.

PMID- 391383
TI  - Gary Gurbin, MD, MP: to the nation's capital from a small-town general practice.

PMID- 391384
TI  - Depression and loss: a theme in Robert Burton's "Anatomy of melancholy" (1621).
AB  - Robert Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy (1621) can hardly be thought of as a modern
      study in psychiatry, but it contains more elements of modern theory than have
      been recognized. Attempts to recommend the book to modern readers have missed the
      point that Burton, more clearly than other seventeenth century writers on
      melancholy, sees traumatic loss of attachment figures, status symbols and
      personal health as predisposing to mood disorders. In this he strongly
      anticipates such work as that of John Bowlby in Attachment and Loss (1969),
      1973). Burton's theory is divided between the humoural physiological theory
      descending from Galen and the observation that loss is a frequent precursor of
      melancholy. He cannot reconcile the two, writing a book only poised on the verge
      of modernity. The Anatomy of Melancholy nevertheless very fully discusses
      etiological "hunches" which have found verification in recent studies of
      traumatic loss.

PMID- 391385
TI  - Dr. Michael E. DeBakey.

PMID- 391386
TI  - Dedication of the Alkek Tower, Houston, Texas: Opening and closing remarks at the
      scientific lectures.

PMID- 391387
TI  - Cardiovascular surgery: past, present, and future.

PMID- 391388
TI  - Venography in axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis.
AB  - Nineteen patients with 20 axillary-subclavian vein thromboses were examined by
      venography. In 70% the axillary and subclavian veins were involved in continuity.
      The innominate vein was seldom involved, although demonstration of this was
      difficult. In 50% of the patients the thrombosis was a secondary phenomenon
      associated with either breast carcinoma, central venous pressure lines, heroin
      addiction, or cervical rib.

PMID- 391389
TI  - [Scanning electron microscope study on the formation of protoplasts in different
      types of yeast (author's transl)].

PMID- 391390
TI  - Antitumor effect of allogeneic lymphocytes sensitized with tumor-specific immune
      RNA on human cancer cells.

PMID- 391391
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of alkaline phosphatase activity in rat pancreatic
      islets.

PMID- 391392
TI  - [Changes in rabbit lungs after exposure to grain and hay dust and in intravenous
      injections of Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans (author's transl)].

PMID- 391394
TI  - Developmental correlation between hypothalamic somatostatin and hypophysial
      growth hormone.
AB  - The objective of the present study was to determine, by means of
      immunocytochemistry, the age in fetal development at which GH is first detectable
      in the pituitary gland and somatostatin in the median eminence, and to correlate
      temporally the development of these two hormones throughout the remainder of
      pregnancy. Mice were studied at 15-19 days of gestation with the peroxidase
      antiperoxidase (PAP) technique of Sternberger. Somatotropes in the pars distalis
      were initially detected at 16 days of gestation and by 17 days they were a
      prominent component of the parenchymal cell population of the hypophysis. These
      cells were ovoid and distributed unformly throughout the pars distalis; many were
      located adjacent to sinusoidal capillaries. Their number and staining intensity
      increased by 19 days. Somatostatin was not consistently observed in the median
      eminence until 19 days of gestation. Reaction product indicative of the presence
      of somatostatin in presumptive nerve endings was located on the ventral surface
      of the median eminence and in the external lamina of the infundibulum in
      proximity to the superficial portal capillaries. Results of the present in
      investigation support the concept that the potential for neuroendocrine control
      of GH secretion exists in the mouse by the end of fetal development. Several
      hypotheses concerning the temporal relationship between the appearance of
      somatostatin in the hypothalamus and of GH in the anterior pituitary gland are
      discussed.

PMID- 391393
TI  - The localization of oxytocin, vasopressin, somatostatin and luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone in the rat neurohypophysis.
AB  - The hypothalamic hormones arginine-vasopressin (AVP), oxytocin (OXT),
      somatostatin (SOM), and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) were
      localized in the rat neurohypophysis by the use of semithin serial sections and
      the unlabeled antibody enzyme method. Clusters of AVP fibres are present within
      the central region of the neural lobe, clusters of OXT fibres mainly in the
      peripheral part. The AVP fibres enter bilaterally into the neural lobe. The
      results call into question previous reports on the presence of AVP on receptors
      in the pars intermedia cells, since incubation with anti-AVP resulted in similar
      staining in the pars intermedia of the Wistar and homozygous Brattleboro rat, a
      mutant strain deficient in AVP. The same intermediate lobe cells are stained
      after incubation of serial sections with anti-AVP and anti-alpha-melanocyte
      stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). This staining of anti-AVP could be removed by
      solid phase absorption to alpha-MSH and is thus most probably due to cross
      reaction with alpha-MSH. SOM fibres appear to be present in the peripheral parts
      of the proximal neurohypophysial stalk and mainly lateral in its more distal
      parts. In the neural lobe they rapidly decrease in number, although some fibres
      continue into the distal part of the neural lobe, running bilaterally and
      situated adjacent to the pars intermedia. The SOM staining within magnocellular
      elements, which has been reported in the literature, can most probably be
      explained by cross reaction of anti-SOM with neurophysins. LHRH fibres are very
      scarce in the neurohypophysial stalk and absent in the neural lobe.

PMID- 391395
TI  - Localization of somatostatin-, substance P- and calcitonin-like immunoreactivity
      in the neural ganglion of Ciona intestinalis L. (Ascidiaceae).
AB  - Indirect immunofluorescence studies using antisera to synthetic somatostatin,
      human calcitonin and substance P indicate, in the neural complex of the sea
      squirt, Ciona intestinalis L., that these polypeptides are present in large
      perikarya situated at the periphery of the cerebral ganglion as well as in some
      smaller perikarya in the medulla. In the medullary and transitional zone, there
      are nerve fibres that cross-react positively with anti-calcitonin and anti
      substance P.

PMID- 391397
TI  - CAPS jottings on malaria. 3. Malaria militants.

PMID- 391398
TI  - A socio-historical view of the struggle for health in Zimbabwe.

PMID- 391396
TI  - Calcitonin-like cells in the pharynx of the ascidian Styela clava.
AB  - A small group of granulated endocrine cells have been described in the endostylar
      region of the pharynx in Styela. These cells are argyrophilic and exhibit
      calcitonin-like immunofluorescence. Tests with antisera to other peptides all
      proved negative. Cells from animals exposed to elevated calcium levels showed a
      degree od degranulation. The possibility that these cells may represent ancestral
      ultimobranchial "C" cells is discussed.

PMID- 391399
TI  - CAPS jottings on malaria. 2. Peruvian bark.

PMID- 391400
TI  - Recovery of S. cerevisiae a cells from G1 arrest by alpha factor pheromone
      requires endopeptidase action.
AB  - Radioactive alpha factor is degraded to discrete biologically inactive fragments
      by the target a cells of S. cerevisiae, but not by alpha cells which make the
      pheromone. The pattern of cleavage products and sequence analysis of one fragment
      indicated that the first scission occurred between leucine 6 and lysine 7. The
      protease inhibitors tosyl-L-argininyl-methyl ester (TAME), tosyl-L-lysyl
      chloromethylketone (TLCK) and N-acetyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-argininal (leupeptin)
      markedly prolonged the period of G1 arrest in a cells exposed to alpha factor,
      while other standard protease inhibitors had little or no effect. The presence of
      TAME and leupeptin, or TLCK, reduced the rate of degradation of radioactively
      labeled alpha factor by a cells. Intact yeast cells have apparent esterase and
      amidase activities that are blocked by the same spectrum of inhibitors that
      potentiate alpha factor action. Purified alpha factor is a competitive inhibitor
      of these hydrolytic activities. The activities are present in yeast mutants which
      have greatly reduced levels of the three major vacuole-associated proteases (A, B
      and C) or which carry an ochre mutation in the major neutral protease (B). These
      observations indicate that the inactivation of alpha factor is due to
      endoproteolytic cleavage, the destruction of the pheromone is required to
      overcome its effects on growth and that degradation of the molecule may involve
      surface bound endopeptidase(s).

PMID- 391401
TI  - Isolation and characterization of stable hybrid mRNA molecules transcribed from
      ribosomal protein promoters in E. coli.
AB  - The promoters from the str and spc operons of ribosomal proteins from E. coli
      were inserted into the Hind II cleavage site of mini-Col E1 (pVH51) plasmid. For
      both promoters, strains with the hybrid plasmid accumulated a small RNA species
      not present in strains carrying the vector. These RNAs were analyzed by RNA
      sequencing techniques and compared to DNA sequences. In both cases, synthesis of
      the new RNA species is initiated by the cloned r protein promoter at the site
      predicted by previous in vitro experiments. The RNAs extend across the Hind II
      site used for cloning and terminate specifically in the vector sequences. The
      termination site was localized to six consecutive thymine nucleotides preceded by
      a sequence with dyad symmetry. We found that the RNA from the str promoter was
      205 (+/- 3) nucleotides long and that from the spc promoter was 177 (+/- 3)
      nucleotides long. These "hybrid mRNAs" are much more stable than ordinary mRNA.
      The str hybrid mRNA has a half-life of about 8 min, and the spc hybrid mRNA has a
      half-life of about 18 min at 37 degrees C. These hybrid mRNAs provide an in vivo
      system with which to examine directly the discrete transcription products from
      ribosomal protein promoters, and to study promoter function and mRNA metabolism
      in vivo.

PMID- 391402
TI  - Early degranulation of human neutrophils: immunocytochemical studies of surface
      and intracellular phagocytic events.

PMID- 391403
TI  - Desmin and vimentin coexist at the periphery of the myofibril Z disc.
AB  - Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis has revealed that vimentin, the predominant
      subunit of intermediate filaments in cells of mesenchymal origin, is a component
      of isolated skeletal myofibrils. It thus coexists in mature muscle fibers with
      desmin, the major subunit of muscle intermediate filaments. Antisera to desmin
      and vimentin, shown to be specific for their respective antigens by two
      dimensional immunoautoradiography, have been used in immunofluorescence to
      demonstrate that vimentin has the same distribution as desmin in skeletal muscle.
      Both desmin and vimentin surround each myofibril Z disc and form honeycomb-like
      networks within each Z plane of the muscle fiber. This distribution is
      complementary to that of alpha-actinin within a given Z plane. Desmin and
      vimentin may thus be involved in maintaining the lateral registration of
      sarcomeres by transversely linking adjacent myofibrils at their Z discs. This
      linkage would support and integrate the fiber as a whole, and provide a molecular
      basis for the cross-striated appearance of skeletal muscle.

PMID- 391404
TI  - DNA sequence of the gene for the outer membrane lipoprotein of E. coli: an
      extremely AT-rich promoter.
AB  - The outer membrane lipoprotein is the most abundant protein in an E. coli cell.
      Its structural gene (Ipp) was cloned into a lambda phage vector and the
      nucleotide sequence of a DNA fragment of 814 bp encompassing the Ipp gene was
      determined. The promoter region of the gene was found to have the following
      features. First, a segment of 261 bp preceding the transcription initiation site
      (-1 to -261) has a very high AT content of 70%, in contrast to 53% for the mRNA
      region of 322 bp, 44% for a segment of 127 bp after the transcription termination
      site and 49% for the average AT content of the E. coli chromosome. Second, in
      particular, of the first 45 bp upstream from the transcription initiation site (
      1 to -45), 36 bases (80%) are A or T. Third, there is a heptanucleotide sequence
      homologous to the "Pribnow box," eight bases apart from the transcription
      initiation site. Fourth, a sequence homologous to the "RNA polymerase recognition
      site" exists on both strands between positions -27 and -39. Finally, there is a
      long dyad symmetry centered at the transcription initiation site.

PMID- 391405
TI  - Normal tRNAs promote ribosomal frameshifting.
AB  - The addition of Ser AGC AGU tRNA to an E. coli cell-free protein synthesizing
      system which contains the endogenous tRNA levels results in up to 100% of the
      ribosomes translating the MS2 coat gene shifting into the -1 reading frame. An
      analogous phenomenon is seen at a much lower level without the tRNA addition,
      where a shift into the +1 frame can also be detected. Thus translation with the
      endogenous tRNA levels yields proteins which have the amino terminus of the coat
      protein but which are substantially larger than the coat protein and comprise
      about 5% of the coat translation. Since the lysis gene overlaps the 3' end of the
      coat gene in the +1 frame, we conclude that the reading frame shift into the +1
      frame yields a hybrid protein. Also, we present evidence that ribosomes
      translating the synthetase gene shift into the -1 frame near the distal end of
      the gene. This frameshifting is promoted by thrACU ACC tRNA. Specific competitor
      tRNAs for both Thr and Ser tRNA-promoted frameshifting have been characterized.
      The generality of this new mechanism for producing additional proteins is
      unclear, but it investigation should increase understanding of the coding
      mechanism and its origin.

PMID- 391406
TI  - DNA sequence analysis of the transposon Tn3: three genes and three sites involved
      in transposition of Tn3.
AB  - The complete nucleotide sequence of the transposon Tn3 and of 20 mutations which
      affect its transposition are reported. The mutations, generated in vitro by
      random insertion of synthetic restriction sites, proved to contain small
      duplications or deletions immediately adjacent to the new restriction site. By
      determining the phenotype and DNA sequence of these mutations we were able to
      generate an overlapping phenotypic and nucleotide map. This 4957 bp transposon
      encodes three polypeptides which account for all but 350 bp of its total coding
      capacity. These proteins are the transposase, a high molecular weight polypeptide
      (1015 amino acids) encoded by the tnpA gene; the Tn3-specific repressor, a low
      molecular weight polypeptide (185 amino acids) encoded by the tnpR gene; and the
      286 amino acid beta-lactamase. The 38 bp inverted repeats flanking Tn3 appear to
      be absolutely required in cis for Tn3 to transpose. Genetic data suggest that Tn3
      contains a third site (Gill et al., 1978), designated IRS (internal resolution
      site), whose absence results in the insertion of two complete copies of Tn3 as
      direct repeats into the recipient DNA. We suggest that these direct repeats of
      complete copies of Tn3 are intermediates in transposition, and that the IRS site
      is required for recombination and subsequent segregation of the direct repeats to
      leave a single copy of Tn3 (Gill et al.,  1978). A 23 nucleotide sequence within
      the amino terminus of the transposase which shares strong sequence homology with
      the inverted repeat may be the internal resolution site.

PMID- 391407
TI  - Transcription of cloned tRNA genes and the nuclear partitioning of a tRNA
      precursor.
AB  - The transcription of transfer RNA genes (tDNAs) and processing of the transcripts
      have been studied by injecting cloned tDNAs into Xenopus oocyte nuclei. Three
      main conclusions can be drawn. First, eucaryotic nuclear tRNA genes, but neither
      procaryotic nor mitochondrial tRNA genes, are expressed in injected oocytes.
      While both nematode and yeast tDNAS direct the synthesis of authentic tRNAs,
      neither E. coli tDNA nor human mitochondrial tDNAs support the synthesis of
      defined tRNAs when injected into oocytes. Second, competition experiments with co
      injected 5S genes and inhibition experiments with alpha-amanitin show that
      injected tDNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase III. Third, oocytes injected
      with a nematode tDNA synthesize a tRNA precursor which is processed post
      transcriptionally by removal of a 5' leader sequence. This precursor is found
      exclusively in the nucleus and is processed in the nucleus before the mature tRNA
      enters the cytoplasm.

PMID- 391408
TI  - Isolation of cloned DNA sequences containing ribosomal protein genes from
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Yeast mRNA enriched for ribosomal protein mRNA was obtained by isolating poly(A)+
      small mRNA from small polysomes. A comparison of cell-free translation of this
      small mRNA and total mRNA, and electrophoresis of the products on two-dimensional
      gels which resolve most yeast ribosomal proteins, demonstrated that a 5-10 fold
      enrichment for ribosomal protein mRNA was obtained. One hundred different
      recombinant DNA molecules possibly containing ribosomal protein genes were
      selected by differential colony hybridization of this enriched mRNA and
      unfractionated mRNA to a bank of yeast pMB9 hybrid plasmids. After screening
      twenty-five of these candidates, five different clones were found which contain
      yeast ribosomal protein gene sequences. The yeast mRNAs complementary to these
      five plasmids code for 35S-methionine-labeled polypeptides which co-migrate on
      two-dimensional gels with yeast ribosomal proteins. Consistent with previous
      studies on ribosomal protein mRNAs, the amounts of mRNA complementary to three of
      these cloned genes are controlled by the RNA2 locus. Although two of the five
      clones contain more than one yeast gene, none contain more than one identifiable
      ribosomal protein gene. Thus there is no evidence for "tight" linkage of yeast
      ribosomal protein genes. Two of the cloned ribosomal protein genes are single
      copy genes, whereas two other cloned sequences contain two different copies of
      the same ribosomal protein gene. The fifth plasmid contains sequences which are
      repeated in the yeast genome, but it is not known whether any or all of the
      ribosomal protein gene on this clone contains repetitive DNA.

PMID- 391410
TI  - [On the 70th birthday of Dr. Petr G. Hesse from Vymar].

PMID- 391409
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of dermatologic external preparations. II. External
      preparations with corticoids. 2. Triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of the
      acute and chronic phase of microbial eczema (author's transl)].

PMID- 391411
TI  - [Plasma lipoproteins].

PMID- 391412
TI  - [Melanosomes from the biochemical viewpoint].

PMID- 391413
TI  - [The absorptive capacity of anatomic parts of the ear for medications as a
      phenomena known in early medicine].

PMID- 391414
TI  - [The lectures of Vladimir Tomsa].

PMID- 391415
TI  - [The hematopoietic stem cell, its characteristics and changes during development
      of the organism].

PMID- 391416
TI  - [Transplantation of thawed bone marrow cells of mice (regeneration of
      hematopoiesis 30 and 60 days after transplantation)].

PMID- 391417
TI  - [Examined subject's identification in Rosenzweig's pictorial-frustration method
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 391418
TI  - [Goals and the role of psychotherapy in the work of Ernst Kretschmer].

PMID- 391419
TI  - Synthesis and antipepsin activities of peptides having a valine or valylvaline
      moiety at the N-terminus.

PMID- 391420
TI  - Effects of potassium ions on insulin release in the rat from the perifused islets
      of langerhans with slow-rise glucose stimulation.

PMID- 391421
TI  - [Optical results of perforating keratoplasty in keratoconus].

PMID- 391422
TI  - [Value and place of perforating autograft of the cornea in the surgical treatment
      of recurrent keratitis caused by viruses].

PMID- 391423
TI  - [Giant corneal perforation caused by abuse of local corticoids and its
      treatment].

PMID- 391424
TI  - Basic cancer chemotherapy: experimental models--strategy.

PMID- 391425
TI  - Editorial: clinical research and community involvement.

PMID- 391426
TI  - The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group: a progress report.
AB  - The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG), founded in 1971, comprises 35
      university hospitals which are participating in 21 active protocols, four
      registries and eight pilot studies, including Phase I/II studies. Case accession
      has grown to over 1000 in 1977 with 19,801 patients being entered in the RTOG
      initial registration. Goals of the RTOG include: advancing knowledge of the role
      of radiation therapy in disease management; improving control of primary and
      regional disease; reducing morbidity and complications from treatment; and
      collaborating with other oncology disciplines to obtain data on multimodality
      therapy.

PMID- 391428
TI  - Importance of controlling the regional draining lymph nodes in breast cancer.
AB  - A major issue in the treatment of breast cancer deals with local control of
      disease and the necessity for removing microscopically involved lymph nodes. Many
      radiation oncologists are looking to the parasternal lymphatics as possible
      renewed justification for postoperative radiation. It is concluded that
      prospectively designed studies are needed to assay the importance of the internal
      mammary nodes and their adequate control. Lymphoscintigraphy may offer a method
      of evaluating these nodes without radical surgery.

PMID- 391427
TI  - Evaluation of a fixed alternating treatment in patients with advanced breast
      cancer.
AB  - A total of 128 patients were randomly assigned to two induction treatment
      programs: Adriamycin and L-PAM versus Cytoxan, 5-Fluorouracil, and Prednisone in
      an effort to assess their primary capacity for objective response. The two
      regimens appeared quite comparable in this respect. The 100 patients who had
      achieved clinical benefit following initial treatment were subsequently randomly
      allocated to reveive either a fixed alternate treatment program involving the two
      drug regimens or were continued on the treatment program responsible for their
      initial improvement. Although those patients who received the fixed alternate
      treatment shcedule had a somewhat longer progression-free interval compared to
      the two single-treatment programs (median duration of 16 months versus 12 months,
      respectively), the three treatment programs including the fixed alternate
      treatment schedules had comparable median survivals of 21-24 months with little
      difference noted in survival curves at any point thus far in the analysis. There
      were no differences noted in survival for the fixed alternating treatment group
      of patients, with respect to which induction regimen had been utilized to achieve
      initial response. The toxicity for these treatment programs was tolerable and
      compatible with outpatient administration. Myelosuppression occurred in the vast
      majority of patients on either regimen but in both regimens was relatively
      platelet sparing.

PMID- 391429
TI  - Analysis of adjuvant therapy in large bowel cancer.
AB  - Since 1958 there has been intense efforts in adjuvant systemic therapy for
      colorectal cancer. Peri-operative chemotherapy with HN2, TSPA + FUDR produced no
      clear-cut prolongation of disease-free survival. Short-term (two courses) and
      long-term (18 months) therapy with 5-FU by the Veterans Administration surgical
      Adjuvant Group is reported to give marginal increases (7--9%) in survival at 5
      years. These findings are confirmed by the COG study of prolonged 5-FU which
      shows prolongation of disease-free survival of borderline statistical
      significance for Dukes' C colon (P = 0.051) + rectum (P = 0.016). Short-term
      benefit to 18 months was conferred by prolonged 5-FU in the VASAG + COG studies,
      for patients who have had a palliative resection. Combination chemotherapy might
      be more active, but no results are available from the controlled trials utilizing
      5-FU + MeCCNU or immunotherapy. Preoperative irradiation in the VASAG studies
      resulted in downstaging in terms of operative findings of lymph node involvement
      and was of survival benefit in those patients have an AP resection for cure or
      palliation of rectal cancer (P less than 0.02). More intensive preoperative
      radiation programs are ongoing, as well as postoperative radiation with and
      without chemotherapy. Further progress awaits the discovery of truly active
      chemotherapy programs, as well as better techniques of radiation enhancement.

PMID- 391430
TI  - Evaluation of combined therapy in carcinoma of the bladder.
AB  - A number of studies are considered in order to evaluate the benefits of combined
      treatment for patients with Stage B2C transitional carcinoma of the bladder. It
      is found that for a variety of reasons, such treatment is not shown to be
      beneficial; the conclusion is that routine combined preoperative therapy is
      investigative but cannot be recommended as a community standard.

PMID- 391432
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: introduction.

PMID- 391431
TI  - Evaluation of intensified chemotherapy in children with advanced rhabdomyosarcoma
      (clinical groups III and IV). The Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS)
      Committee of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B Children's Cancer Study Group,
      Southwest Oncology Group.
AB  - Twenty-seven previously untreated children with gross residual (20) or metastatic
      (seven) rhabdomyosarcoma were treated with pulse-VAC (vincristine weekly for 12
      doses plus dactinomycin and cyclophosphamide simultaneously given daily for 5
      days) and radiotherapy. Toxicity during the 12-week induction period included 23
      of 27 (85%) with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) under 500/mm3; 16/27 (59%)
      were given intravenous (I.V.) antibodies. Three patients developed Gram-negative
      sepsis and two of them died. In the first 12 weeks, eight children had a complete
      response (CR) and another 10 a good partial response (PR), a total of 18 of 27
      favorable responses (67%). At 12 weeks, 20 patients received either intermittent
      pulse-VAC (Regimen H) or a pulse of adriamycin plus vincristine and
      cyclophosphamide alternating with pulse-VAC (Regimen I) every 4--6 weeks. After
      this first "maintenance," only seven patients (35%) developed an ANC under
      500/mm3 and only three (15%) were given I.V. antibiotics. Severe toxicity
      disappeared with drug dose reduction in subsequent courses. The overall CR rate
      was 59% with a PR rate of 15%, a total of 74% favorable responses. This rate is
      not significantly better than that obtained by previous IRS chemotherapy and
      radiotherapy schedules for patients with gross residual and metastatic
      rhabdomyosarcoma. Future studies in these patients will concentrate on
      diminishing myelosuppression while shortening the rest period between pulses, in
      order to deliver more drug per unit time.

PMID- 391433
TI  - Measurement of cardiac output by carbon dioxide rebreathing.
AB  - Twenty patients were studied on a bicycle ergometer at rest and at varying
      workloads to compare methods of measuring cardiac output. In nine patients, a
      comparison of carbon dioxide rebreathing and dye dilution techniques for
      measuring cardiac output were made. In eleven patients, comparisons between
      carbon dioxide rebreathing, dye dilution, and direct oxygen Fick techniques were
      made. The cardiac output measured by carbon dioxide rebreathing was reproducible
      and compared well with both the dye dilution and direct oxygen Fick. The
      correlation coefficient for the relationship between carbon dioxide rebreathing
      and direct oxygen Fick cardiac outputs was 0.80 and between carbon dioxide
      rebreathing and dye dilution cardiac outputs was 0.75. The relationship between
      dye dilution and direct oxygen Fick cardiac output was 0.71. The carbon dioxide
      rebreathing technique is a safe, non-invasive and reproducible method to measure
      cardiac output. The results compare well with the cardiac output measured by
      either the direct oxygen Fick or dye dilution technique.

PMID- 391434
TI  - Games, goods and gods: an analysis of Iroquoian gambling.
AB  - This study questions the traditional, historical view of the Indian as a
      compulsive gambler. Eleven northern Iroquoian gambling games were examined in
      both their secular and sacred environments. The analysis demonstrated that social
      gambling served to establish economic parity within, and between, the ritualistic
      gambling associated with many ceremonies was quasi-religious in nature and
      necessary to ensure that the desired outcome of the rite was realized.

PMID- 391435
TI  - Response to bronchial provocation and exercise in children with cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Ten of fifteen cystic fibrosis children with positive skin prick tests to common
      antigens gave an immediate bronchial reaction to the antigen inhaled, five of
      them also gave a late reaction; however only one gave a history of asthma. The
      antigen most commonly eliciting a positive skin reaction in cystic fibrosis
      patients is Aspergillus fumigatus. In six children tested to this antigen the
      bronchial response varied, two were negative, one gave an immediate reaction and
      three gave a dual (immediate and late) reaction. None of the children showed the
      characteristic pattern of response to exercise seen in asthmatic patients, an
      initial rise in Peak Expiratory Flow Rate followed by a fall of greater than 14%
      below the resting level. Two patients showed an abnormal rise in Peak Expiratory
      Flow Rate during exercise, a pattern described previously in cystic fibrosis. The
      results suggest that bronchial allergy, immediate or late does completely explain
      susceptibility to asthma, and that other factors including perhaps the type of
      bronchial reactivity shown by bronchoconstriction after exercise may be required.
      However the majority of the children tested had bronchial allergy and anti
      allergy therapy such as inhaled sodium cromoglycate may have a place in the
      management of selected patients with cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 391436
TI  - Tolerance induction in immediate hypersensitivity.

PMID- 391437
TI  - Immunological mechanisms in pulmonary diseases.

PMID- 391438
TI  - Nutrition, immunity and cancer--a review. Part II: zinc, immune function and
      cancer.

PMID- 391439
TI  - Acadmic programs at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center - Part II.

PMID- 391440
TI  - Biostatistics laboratory: a review at five years.

PMID- 391441
TI  - Nutrition, immunity, and cancer--a review. Part III: Effect of diet on the
      diseases of aging.

PMID- 391442
TI  - Homogeneous enzymoimmunoassay for anticonvulsant drugs: effects of hapten-enzyme
      bridge length.
AB  - The effects of the enzyme-hapten chemical bridge on the quality of the enzymatic
      tracer in homogeneous enzymoimmunoassay were studied, using as a model the
      conjugates of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase with different phenobarbital and
      diphenylhydantoin carboxyalkyl derivatives. For both series of conjugates the
      maximal immunoinhibition level was found to depend critically on the bridge
      length, best results being obtained with carboxymethyl derivatives. A tendency to
      immuno re-activation with increasing degrees of hapten substitution in the enzyme
      structure, particularly evident for phenobarbital-carboxyethyl and carboxypropyl
      conjugates, was also observed. Effects of steric hindrance on the antibody
      interaction, in the case of short bridges, and ineffectiveness of antibody
      interaction towards the active enzyme site, in the case of long bridges, have
      been hypothesized to contribute in defining a critical bridge size for immuno
      inhibition processes. Instead the tendency to immunoactivation has been
      tentatively interpreted in terms of occurrence of "conformational" antibody
      interactions involving hapten residues in enzyme regions other than the catalytic
      site.

PMID- 391443
TI  - A simple automatic kinetic enzyme immunoassay for digoxin.

PMID- 391444
TI  - Evidence for thyroid antigen-reactive T lymphocytes infiltrating the thyroid
      gland in Graves' disease.
AB  - We have investigated the relative distribution and some in vitro functions of
      thyroid-infiltrating immunocompetent cells obtained at fine-needle aspiration
      biopsy in twelve patients with Graves' disease and thirteen patients with
      Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In both disorders the predominant (57--59%) thyroid
      infiltrating cell was a small lymphocyte. Significant numbers of plasma cells
      (10%) were seen only in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Mononuclear phagocytes
      (monocytes plus macrophages) were present in similar numbers (12--18%) in both
      disorders. In both Graves' and Hashimoto's disease there was a relative reduction
      of (thymus-dependent) lymphocytes in the thyroid gland as compared to the blood.
      Blood and thyroid-infiltrating T lymphocytes were tested for in vitro cell
      mediated immunity (CMI) to thyroid antigen in the leucocyte migration inhibition
      test (LMT). CMI was readily demonstrated in the blood of most patients with
      Graves' and Hashimoto's disease. When the thyroid-infiltrating lymphocytes were
      tested for CMI in the LMT, only the infiltrating cells from patients with Graves'
      disease displayed CMI, whereas the thyroid-infiltrating lymphocytes in
      Hashimoto's disease were negative. Fractionation of the immunocompetent cells
      demonstrated that the thyroid antigen-induced LMT response of blood and thyroid
      infiltrating lymphocytes in Graves' disease is a T lymphocyte-dependent
      phenomenon.

PMID- 391445
TI  - Failure of naloxone to alter growth hormone and prolactin levels in acromegalic
      and in hyperprolactinaemic patients.
AB  - We examined the effects of high-dose intravenous naloxone administration in four
      acromegalic patients (mean serum growth hormone level 72 ng/ml) and in seven
      hyperprolactinaemic women (mean serum prolactin level 59 ng/ml), in order to
      assess whether this opiate antagonist would be effective in lowering growth
      hormone and prolactin levels. No effect was observed. This lack of effect
      suggests that an opioid pathway is not involved in the maintenance of elevated
      growth hormone or prolactin secretion in these patients. However, conclusions
      regarding the possible role of endogenous opioids in regulation of pituitary
      function in normal individuals cannot be drawn from this study.

PMID- 391446
TI  - Testicular endocrine function in paraplegic men.
AB  - The responses of FSH and LH to the injection of LHRH were studied in fifteen
      paraplegic men and ten normal controls. The basal FSH levels in the paraplegic
      men were elevated in eight cases, basal LH being raised in nine cases. The
      responses of FSH were exaggerated in fourteen patients, and LH responses were
      exaggerated in nine patients. Only one patient was normal in respect of both
      hormones. Subnormal plasma testosterone was found in three patients. This
      depressed testicular function could not be explained as being due to spread of
      urinary tract infection and a direct neurological effect is the probable
      explanation.

PMID- 391447
TI  - The effects of prolonged administration of D-Ser (TBU)6-LH-RH-EA10 (HOE 766) in
      subjects with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.

PMID- 391448
TI  - Uncultured cells in amniotic fluid from normal and abnormal foetuses.
AB  - Direct smears of uncultured amniotic fluid cells were analysed in 41 pregnancies
      between 17 and 22 weeks of gestation. These included 27 normal pregnancies where
      a healthy child was born at term, six anencephalic and five spina bifida
      pregnancies, and three other abnormal pregnancies. In normal amniotic fluid,
      epithelioid cells predominated but small numbers of histiocyte-like cells,
      typical macrophages and elongated cells were also present. The proportion of
      macrophages and elongated cells was significantly increased in all anencephalic
      cases. Two of the spina bifida cases also showed abnormal cellular proportions.
      Haemosiderin and lipid material was demonstrated in some of the cellular
      proportions. Haemosiderin and lipid material was demonstrated in some of the
      macrophages. Tissue smears and histological preparations suggest that these cells
      may originate from both the amnion and the fibrovascular membrane covering the
      neural lesion. This direct method of observation of amniotic fluid cells, not
      involving culture techniques, could provide a rapid means of prenatal diagnosis
      of anencephaly, and may help in the diagnosis of spina bifida.

PMID- 391449
TI  - Human prolactin: clinical implications.

PMID- 391450
TI  - Origin, chemistry, physiological effects and clinical importance of dietary
      fibre.

PMID- 391452
TI  - Adipose tissue cellularity and obesity: new perspectives.

PMID- 391451
TI  - The biology of macrophages.

PMID- 391453
TI  - Comparison of efficacy and safety of pindolol and alpha-methyldopa in treatment
      of mild to moderate hypertension: results of a double-blind evaluative study.

PMID- 391454
TI  - The diagnosis and treatment of renovascular hypertension.

PMID- 391455
TI  - Acute and chronic therapy of hypertension with vasodilators.

PMID- 391456
TI  - Practical management of low compliance with antihypertensive therapy: a guide for
      the busy practitioner.

PMID- 391457
TI  - Cerebral consequences of acute and chronic hypertension: an overview.

PMID- 391459
TI  - A methodological perspective on process measures of the quality of medical care.

PMID- 391458
TI  - Platelet inhibitors in the treatment of thrombosis.

PMID- 391460
TI  - Cholelithiasis: a comparison of surgical and nonsurgical management strategies
      based on available evidence.

PMID- 391461
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of isoniazid.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in man are described. Pronounced
      interindividual variation in circulating isoniazid concentration and clearance
      which occur after dosing with the drug are associated with hereditary differences
      in the acetylator status. The variations in rate of isoniazid inactivation and
      elimination in different (rapid and slow) acetylator phenotypes are primarily due
      to differences in the rate of acetylation of isoniazid by a genetically
      controlled polymorphic N-acetyltransferase in liver and small intestine. An
      appreciable 'first-pass' effect is observed following oral isoniazid
      administration, particularly in the rapid acetylator phenotype. Liver disease can
      cause a significant prolongation in the clearance of isoniazid; in the acutely
      ill patient, the prolongation correlates most closely with serum bilirubin
      elevation, although the degree of prolongation is less important than the
      intrinsic genetic difference between acetylator phenotypes. The effect of renal
      impairment on isoniazid excretion is relatively unimportant, even in slow
      acetylators. Methods for monitoring blood and urine concentrations of isoniazid
      and for acetylator phenotype determination which are convenient for the patient
      and clinician are available. Implications of phenotype differences in acetylator
      status for the optimal management of tuberculosis with isoniazid are considered.
      Attempts to devise new isoniazid formulations for this purpose are being
      evaluated.

PMID- 391462
TI  - Hepatic first-pass metabolism in liver disease.

PMID- 391465
TI  - Prenatal diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism.

PMID- 391464
TI  - Critical periods of prenatal toxicity.

PMID- 391466
TI  - Prenatal diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies.

PMID- 391463
TI  - Drug kinetics and hepatic blood flow.

PMID- 391467
TI  - Diagnosis of structural abnormalities in the fetus.

PMID- 391468
TI  - Metabolic requirements for fetal growth.
AB  - Table 1 outlines a metabolic balance sheet for the sheep fetus. It is clear that
      maternal substrate concentrations as well as placental function are important in
      assuring the provision of adequate substrate to meet fetal metabolic and growth
      requirements. It is intriguing that the fetus appears to use substrates not
      usually regarded as important in extrauterine diets (lactate) and to use
      substrates for catabolic purposes normally thought to be primarily anabolic
      substrates (amino acids). This information emphasizes the hazards of
      extrapolating metabolic and nutritional patterns seen in extrauterine life in
      reaching conclusions concerning the fetus. It likewise emphasizes the importance
      of ongoing studies in maternal and fetal nutrition and metabolism.

PMID- 391469
TI  - Infection in the surgical patient: an imbalance in the normal equilibrium.
AB  - Infection in the surgical patient, like infection elsewhere in the body, is a
      manifestation of a disturbed host-bacteria equilibrium in favor of the bacteria.
      It results when bacteria indigenous to that patient achieve dominance over the
      factors of host resistance. This is reflected by a quantitative increase in the
      bacterial presence. To be able rationally to prevent and manage such infection
      requires understanding of how each prophylactic or therapeutic maneuver will work
      to reestablish the normal equilibrium in the specific situation in which the
      surgeon finds his patient.

PMID- 391470
TI  - Natural host defense mechanisms.
AB  - Severe injury, whether the result of a major accident, a large burn, or a
      complicated surgical operation, often results in sepsis. Under such conditions
      both specific and nonspecific host defense systems are affected. The individual
      facets of major concern are chemotaxis, phagocytosis, intracellular killing,
      complement depletion, and depression of humoral and cellular mediated immunity.
      The most profound changes occur in cell-mediated immunity. Within a few hours o
      injury, the number of circulating T cells becomes depleted, concomitantly
      thoracic duct lymphocytes are markedly reduced. This change is not only
      quantitative but functional. The clinical impact of these deficient host defense
      mechanisms lies in the fact that low virulent organisms may become a lethal
      threat to the injured patient. Currently, investigators are attempting to reverse
      thse deficiencies through the use of immunotherapy.

PMID- 391471
TI  - Plasma 25-hydroxy-vitamin D in normal subjects and patients with terminal renal
      failure, on maintenance haemodialysis and after transplantation.
AB  - 1. Plasma 25-hydroxy-vitamin D concentration was measured in 40 normal subjects,
      19 patients with terminal renal failure, 137 patients who had been on dialysis up
      to 11 years and in 17 renal transplant patients. 2. The mean plasma concentration
      of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D was below normal in patients with terminal renal failure
      and in patients who had been on maintenance haemodialysis for less than 1 year.
      The mean concentration in patients who had been on dialysis for more than 1 year
      and in renal transplant patients was normal. 3. The seasonal variation of plasma
      25-hydroxy-vitamin D concentration found in the 58 patients on maintenance
      haemodialysis for more than 2 years is similar to that reported in normal
      subjects.

PMID- 391472
TI  - Effects of alcohol on hepatic metabolism: selected aspects.

PMID- 391473
TI  - Gilbert's syndrome: analytical subcellular fractionation of liver biopsy
      specimens. Enzyme activities, organelle pathology and evidence for subpopulations
      of the syndrome.

PMID- 391474
TI  - Obesity: facts, fads, and fantasies.

PMID- 391475
TI  - Long term retention of sealants applied by inexperienced operators in
      Minneapolis.
AB  - A clinical trial of 4047 single applications of Nuva Seal placed on the occlusal
      surfaces of primary molars, permanent first and second molars and premolars by
      250 dental students showed that the sealants were not well retained. The sealant
      was fully retained on 86% of all permanent posterior teeth at 3 months, on 76% at
      6 months, 58% at 12 months, 52% at 24 months and 41% at 36 months. At 4 years,
      complete sealant coverage was shown by 14% of primary molars, 25% of permanent
      molars and 68% of premolars. Permanent mandibular molars and premolars were
      superior to permanent maxillary molars and premolars in fully retaining sealants.
      Following sealant failure, i.e. providing partial coverage or missing, permanent
      maxillary molars and premolars were more prone to occlusal caries than permanent
      mandibular molars and premolars. At 4 years, caries was diagnosed in 40% of
      applications to permanent molars and in 9% of applications to premolars. Twelve
      instances of caries under apparently intact sealants were seen.

PMID- 391476
TI  - Feline infectious peritonitis: present knowledge.

PMID- 391477
TI  - Toxoplasmosis in cats: diagnosis, treatment and prevention.

PMID- 391479
TI  - [On human pasteurellosis by inoculation (author's transl)].

PMID- 391478
TI  - Borna--a slow virus disease.

PMID- 391480
TI  - Immune mechanisms in Marek's disease.

PMID- 391481
TI  - [The involvement of cats in human rabies (author's transl)].

PMID- 391482
TI  - The Clinical Center: twenty-five years of research for people.

PMID- 391483
TI  - Polio, politics, publicity, and duplicity: ethical aspects in the development of
      the Salk vaccine.

PMID- 391484
TI  - Orvan W. Hess, M.D., receives AMA Scientific Achievement Award.

PMID- 391485
TI  - Computer-aided determination of haemodynamic properties of human heart from cine
      left ventriculography.
AB  - The silhouettes of the left ventricle seen on a cine ventriculogram were used as
      the graphic input to a pattern analysis programme. The programme measured the
      coordinates of points around silhouette. It selected the longest chord within the
      perimeter and determined its length, the area within the perimeter, and the
      volume of the resulting ellipsoid of revolution. The output from the programme
      was a global clinical report which included scaled reproductions of the
      silhouettes, maximum and minimum ventricular volumes, the stroke volume, and the
      ejection fraction. Local analysis consists in comparison of the contraction
      profile for the specific patient with the mean pattern obtained from a control
      group of 24 patients with no myocardial pathology. The graphical and numerical
      results help in following the progress of disease, in choosing candidates for
      coronary artery bypass, and in evaluating the results of medical or surgical
      treatment.

PMID- 391486
TI  - Mechanics and thermodynamics of biomembranes: part 2.

PMID- 391487
TI  - Radiology of basilar skull fractures.
AB  - Injury to the basal portion of the anterior, middle, and posterior fossae of the
      skull are rather easily overlooked unless the radiologist carefully searches for
      indirect or direct signs of such injury. Representative injuries of each area are
      reviewed and radiological signs are illustrated. Combination fractures
      transversing several areas are also considered and illustrated.

PMID- 391488
TI  - Sellar and juxtasellar hyperostoses.

PMID- 391489
TI  - Clobetasone butyrate and hydrocortisone butyrate in the treatment of eczema: a
      double-blind comparison.
AB  - Forty patients with symmetrical eczematous lesions on their extremities were
      treated in a double-blind fashion with 0.05% clobetasone butyrate and 0.1%
      hydrocortisone butyrate in cream bases. After 2 weeks of treatment, a preference
      for clobetasone butyrate was observed in 7 cases, for hydrocortisone butyrate in
      9 cases and in 24 cases both sides responded equally. The lesions on both sides
      improved steadily throughout the study in all cases. When completing the trial
      after 2-weeks' treatment, the clobetasone butyrate-treated lesions had healed in
      8 cases and the hydrocortisone butyrate-treated lesions in 10 cases. No local
      side-effects were observed.

PMID- 391490
TI  - A double-blind comparison of oral butorphanol and codeine.

PMID- 391491
TI  - Well-differentiated carcinomas of the thyroid.

PMID- 391492
TI  - Benign and malignant tumors of the small intestine.

PMID- 391493
TI  - Neoplastic obstruction of the small and large intestine.
AB  - Obstructive symptoms due to small bowel tumors are the most common indication of
      primary malignant disease in the small intestine. Primary obstructing tumors of
      the small bowel are treated best by resection and primary anastomosis. Malignant
      lesions of the duodenum sometimes will require pancreaticoduodenectomy and those
      of the distal ileum, right hemicolectomy. Obstruction due to localized metastatic
      disease can be treated by resection and primary anastomosis but, more frequently,
      one or more side-to-side enteroenterostomies will be needed, especially in
      abdominal carcinomatosis. The complication of LBO due to colorectal cancer is an
      ominous sign. The less favorable prognosis is a result of the higher operative
      mortality, advanced stage of disease and lower resectability rate. Obstructing
      neoplasms of the right side of the colon are treated best by immediate resection
      and primary anastomosis. Left-sided colon obstruction due to malignancy
      traditionally is treated by preliminary diversion followed later by definitive
      resection. Insufficient data are available to evaluate any benefit on operative
      mortality and long-term survival with a more aggressive approach involving
      decompression and resection of the obstructing carcinoma at the initial
      operation. It is doubtful that any marked improvement in current mortality and
      survival figures will result from wide deviations of the current principles of
      operative managment. Early diagnosis of the cancer before obstruction occurs
      remains the primary means of improving survival rates. This involves not only
      primary means of improving survival rates. This involves not only patient
      education regarding presenting symptoms, but improvement of physician recognition
      and response to these complaints so that the appropriate tests are ordered and
      treatment is initiated.

PMID- 391495
TI  - Epithelial polyps of the large bowel: a pathological and colonoscopic study.
AB  - Ninety patients who had epithelial polyps or carcinoma of the large bowel and
      underwent at least 2 colonscopic examinations were studied. The cases were
      divided into three groups: patients who ;ad only one polyp; those in whom more
      than one epithelial polyp were found and those who had adenocarcinoma of the
      large bowel and underwent follow-up colonoscopic examinations. The distribution
      of the polpys was plotted as to type and distribution in the colon. There seemed
      to be a trend for the polyp found in follow-up examinations to be located
      proximal to the splenic flexure. In this regard it was noted that the
      subsequently found polyps in group II were smaller than those removed on the
      initial colonoscopic examination. No relationship could be found between any
      histologic type of epithelial polyp and the presence of carcinoma.

PMID- 391494
TI  - Metastases of undetermined source.

PMID- 391496
TI  - Exercise and the coronary patient.

PMID- 391497
TI  - Surgical management of pancreatic trauma.

PMID- 391498
TI  - Reiter's disease: modern concepts.
AB  - Reiter's disease (RD) is a reactive arthritis syndrome in which arthritis,
      conjunctivitis, dermatitis, and urethritis are the main features. It may be an
      acute and self-limited disease or it may cause severe debilitation. It generally
      follows an infectious episode, such as Shigella dysentery or nonspecific
      urethritis. Recent evidence has shown that patients in whom RD develops have a
      genetic disposition since the presence of HLA-B27 correlates highly with RD.
      Therapy of RD involves supportive care.

PMID- 391499
TI  - North American blastomycosis: a review.
AB  - North American blastomycosis, first reported in 1894, and once thought to be a
      geographically localized disease, has now been reported worldwide. The greatest
      number of cases occur in the Mississippi, Missouri, and Ohio River basins. The
      organism enters the body via the lungs with subsequent dissemination to other
      organs, including the skin, eyes, bones, and genitourinary system. Patients most
      often present with cutaneous or pulmonary complaints. Demonstration of
      characteristic fungal morphology in microscopic smears or in histologic specimens
      is highly suggestive of Blastomyces dermatitidis. However, proof of the diagnosis
      is obtained only by mycologic culture. Some progress has been made using other
      laboratory methods to produce a rapid diagnosis. This paper reviews in detail the
      varied clinical presentations of blastomycosis, the laboratory diagnosis, and
      current treatment.

PMID- 391500
TI  - Management of eczematous dermatitis with amcinonide or betamethasone valerate. A
      double-blind comparative study.
AB  - A new topical corticosteroid formulation, 0.1 percent amcinonide cream, was
      compared with 0.1 percent betamethasone valerate cream in a double-blind,
      parallel study of the management of eczematous dermatitis. Both treatment groups
      showed statistically significant improvement in most symptoms and in overall
      disease status after one and two weeks of treatment. The amcinonide group had
      greater improvement in individual symptoms and significantly greater overall
      improvement than did the betamethasone valerate group. Side effects were few and
      minor in both groups. The amcinonide cream was found to be both safe and
      effective for the management of eczematous dermatitis.

PMID- 391501
TI  - Currents in alcoholism: overview of epidemiology.

PMID- 391502
TI  - Isolation and survival of the heart.

PMID- 391503
TI  - Strategy in clinical renography.

PMID- 391504
TI  - [Periodontal imparatives before construction of fixed prostheses].

PMID- 391505
TI  - [Attack on enamel by an acid. Control of the effects of applications preliminary
      to fluoride dentifrice].

PMID- 391506
TI  - [Prosthetic plan of Cooperman in complete removable prostheses].

PMID- 391507
TI  - [An impression technic for complete prostheses].

PMID- 391508
TI  - [Occlusal plane in complete prostheses].

PMID- 391509
TI  - [Studies on staphylococcal enterotoxin B. III. Purification with absorbents].
AB  - The biological and immunological activities of Staphylococcal enterotoxin B are
      stable in pH 2.0 approximately 11.0, and also resistant to proteolytic enzyme
      (trypsin, pepsin) digestion for 3 approximate 4 hours. Therefore, the toxin could
      be purified with trypsin digest and then absorbed on kaolin and Kieselgel,
      followed by eluting the different pH buffer solutions. Further purifications was
      chromatographied on CM-Sephadex column.

PMID- 391510
TI  - [Diagnosis of splenic diseases].

PMID- 391511
TI  - [Indications for splenectomy in children and adults].

PMID- 391512
TI  - [Staging of Hodgkin's disease by laparotomy: therapeutic consequences].

PMID- 391513
TI  - [Reaction of HCl secretion, total proteolytic activity and pepsin after a
      selective proximal vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients].
AB  - The gastric secretion of hydrochloric acid, total proteolytic activity, and
      especially pepsin were studied before and 6 months after selective proximal
      vagotomy in 15 patients suffering from recurrent duodenal ulcer, and compared
      with that of ten sound volunteers. The patients with duodenal ulcer showed a
      significantly increased secretion of acid and proteolytic enzymes. After
      vagotomy, the basal acid output was reduced by 70%, the secretion of the total
      proteolytic activity by 54%, and that of pepsin by 45%. The concentration of the
      total proteolytic activity and of pepsin in the gastric juice was increased after
      vagotomy. Although the total basal proteolytic activity after vagotomy was still
      increased by 15% as compared with that in the volunteers, due to the drastically
      reduced basal acid output the actual intragastric basal proteolytic activity was
      expected to be reduced after vagotomy.

PMID- 391514
TI  - Morphogenesis of the synapton during yeast meiosis.
AB  - The formation of the synapton (synaptonemal complex) was followed by an electron
      microscopic examination of large samples of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells at
      various stages of meiosis. Three temperature-sensitive mutants were used, cdc4,
      cdc5 and cdc7, which undergo a slow but normal meiosis at 25 degrees C. At the
      restrictive temperature of 34 degrees C, cdc4 and cdc5 arrest at an advanced
      enough stage of meiosis to allow the study of synapton morphogenesis. Based on
      the frequencies of nuclear structures, we describe the formation of the central
      region and central elements of the synapton in the dense body, which may be part
      of the nucleolus. This process occurs during early meiotic stages, concomittantly
      with recombination commitment and premeiotic DNA replication. Mature synaptons
      usually appear after premeiotic S, at the pachytene stage, and later disappear. A
      possible intermediate stage in this disappearance is found in arrested cdc5
      cells, which contain paired lateral elements without central elements. Following
      the frequencies of spindle plaque configurations, we conclude that the plaques in
      meiosis duplicate once at the beginning of the main DNA replication, as is also
      observed prior to mitosis. In contrast to mitotic cells, however, meiotic plaques
      remain duplicated for a long period, until the synaptons disappear, and only then
      separate from each other to form a spindle. During late stages of the first
      meiotic division, the outer plates of the spindle plaques thicken, to duplicate
      later and give the second division spindles. The characteristically thick outer
      plate may have a role in the formations of the ascopore wall.

PMID- 391516
TI  - It's coming of age. The use of hypnosis in the dental practice.

PMID- 391515
TI  - Localization of satellite DNAs in the chromosomes of the guinea pig.
AB  - The in situ hybridization method has been used to investigate the localization of
      each of the three satellite DNAs present in the genome of the guinea pig.
      Purified fractions of the satellite DNAs were utilized as templates for synthesis
      of 3H-labeled complementary RNA (cRNA) by E. coli RNA polymerase, then each cRNA
      was hybridized to metaphase spreads of embryonic guinea pig cells. The cRNAs of
      all three satellite DNAs hybridized predominantly to the centromeric region of
      the chromosomes. The cRNAs of satellite DNAs II and III hybridized to all
      chromosomes except the Y chromosome. The cRNA of satellite DNA I did not
      hybridize to the Y chromosome nor to two pairs of small acrocentric chromosomes.
      Satellite II cRNA hybridized to the telomeric region of chromosomes 3 and 4.

PMID- 391517
TI  - The vasodepressor action of prostacyclin (PGI2) and its effect on plasma
      angiotensin II and vasopressin in unanaesthetized normotensive and hypertensive
      rats.
AB  - The action of prostacyclin (PGI2) on arterial pressure, heart rate, plasma
      concentration of angiotensin II and vasopressin was studied in groups of normal,
      renal hypertensive and DOC hypertensive rats. PGI2 was given by continuous iv.
      infusion at successive doses of 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 microgram/kg x min, each rate
      for one hour. Arterial pressure was reduced to normal or below normal in the
      hypertensive rats, though the fall of blood pressure was greatest in the DOC
      hypertensive animals. Mean arterial pressure at the end of infusion was 89 mm Hg
      for normal rats, 87 mm Hg for renal hypertensive rats and 69 mm Hg for DOC
      hypertensive rats. Diastolic pressure fell more than systolic pressure suggesting
      a vasodilator mechanism. Heart rate was reduced significantly at the end of the
      infusion in the three groups of rats. Prostacyclin was also infused for 3 hours
      at a constant rate of 0.5 microgram/kg x min. The arterial pressure lowering
      effect was maintained throughout the infusion period.

PMID- 391519
TI  - Endocarditis updated.

PMID- 391518
TI  - The enteromammary immune system: an important new concept in breast milk host
      defense.

PMID- 391522
TI  - [Werner Forssmann 29.8.1904 - 1.6.1979].

PMID- 391521
TI  - [Muscular dystrophy: Duchenne and Becker-Kiener types].

PMID- 391523
TI  - [Early diagnosis of metabolic diseases in high-yield cattle].

PMID- 391524
TI  - [Electrocardiographic studies on heart rhythm disorders in cattle (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 391520
TI  - Controversies regarding giant cell (temporal, cranial) arteritis.
AB  - It is important to establish the diagnosis of temporal arteritis because the
      disease is treatable; treatment may prevent blindness and even death. Temporal
      arteritis usually occurs in people older than 51 years of age, although very
      rarely, histologically documented disease occurs in younger people. The onset may
      be occult, so that there are few findings. A multitude of signs and symptoms may
      occur such as fever, headaches, malaise, weight loss, anemia, stroke, cranial
      nerve palsies, polymyalgia rheumatica, aortitis and other large vessel
      involvement. The eye may suffer from ischemic optic neuropathy (anterior or
      posterior), central or cilio-retinal arterial occlusion, ophthalmic artery
      ischemia, or extraocular muscle palsies. An arterial biopsy showing giant cell
      arteritis establishes the diagnosis. However, a negative biopsy does not rule out
      the disease because of the occasional presence of skip areas. Arteriography has
      only rarely yielded a positive temporal artery biopsy when the initial biopsy
      done elsewhere was negative. As a diagnostic parameter, the erythrocyte
      sedimentation rate is nonspecific, being elevated in diseases other than temporal
      arteritis and sometimes being falsely lowered by technical factors. Furthermore,
      the temporal artery biopsy is occasionally positive despite a normal erythrocyte
      sedimentation rate. Treatment is aimed at relieving the patient's symptoms and
      normalizing the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Because of the wide spectrum of
      clinical and laboratory finding in temporal arteritis, no one specific treatment
      regimen with systemic corticosteroids works for all patients. Temporal arteritis
      is a well known disease of the elderly which ir rarely fatal but results in
      significant visual morbidity (Hinzpeter & Naumann, 1976; Spencer & Hoyt, 1960).
      Since Hutchinson's (1890) description, more than a thousand articles have been
      written on the subject (Cohen & Smith, 1974). Despite this, many unanswered
      questions and controversies remain concerning the diagnosis, prognosis and
      treatment of temporal arteritis. My goal is to review these questions and areas
      of controversy.

PMID- 391525
TI  - [A review of the functional anatomy and biomechanical adaption of autopodium
      extensors and flexors in horses (author's transl)].

PMID- 391526
TI  - [Feeding experiments on SPF-cats (author's transl)].

PMID- 391527
TI  - [Nipple fibroma in a heifer].

PMID- 391528
TI  - [Stunning of slaughter cattle. I. CO2 stunning].

PMID- 391531
TI  - Management of thromboembolism in pregnancy.

PMID- 391529
TI  - Flurbiprofen: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in
      rheumatic diseases.
AB  - Flurbiprofen, a phenylalkanoic acid derivative, is a non-steroidal anti
      inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic agent advocated for use in rheumatoid
      arthritis, degenerative joint disease, ankylosing spondylitis and allied
      conditions. Published data suggest that flurbiprofen 120 to 150 mg daily is
      comparable in effectiveness with therapeutic doses of aspirin (3 to 4 g) in
      rheumatoid arthritis, but generally causes fewer side effects. Flurbiprofen 150
      to 300 mg appears to be comparable with 75 to 150 mg of indomethacin in
      rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative joint disease, and comparable with
      phenylbutazone or indomethacin in ankylosing spondylitis. In comparison with
      other non-steroidal agents, flurbiprofen appears to be at least as effective as
      naproxen, ibuprofen or sulindac, but generally causes more side effects than
      these drugs. However, as no one of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents is
      the most suitable drug for all patients requiring such therapy, flurbiprofen
      should be considered along with other drugs of its type in the arthritic patient.

PMID- 391532
TI  - Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
AB  - Bone loss can be prevented by standard oestrogen replacement therapy and delayed
      by the administration of calcium supplements. The most suitable patients to treat
      are those with a raised urinary hydroxyproline or other evidence of rapid bone
      loss. Patients aged below 65 years with established osteoporosis, and in whom
      oestrogens are not contraindicated, will derive some benefit from oestrogen
      therapy. In those with malabsorption of calcium, vitamin D may be added to
      oestrogen therapy in a dose not exceeding 10,000 units daily or alternatively,
      small doses of one of the vitamin D metabolites, e.g. 1 alpha OHD3 (alfacalcidol)
      1 microgram daily, or 1,25(OH)2D3 (calcitriol) 0.5 microgram daily. In patients
      aged over 65 years, supplementary calcium (not less than 1000 mg daily) is
      recommended.

PMID- 391533
TI  - [Gestational herpes].

PMID- 391534
TI  - [Herpes gestationis].

PMID- 391536
TI  - A look back: Kenya and East Africa Medical Journal Vol. VI, 1929-30. Medical
      Etiquette.

PMID- 391535
TI  - [Clinico-pathological conference LVII. Complications of bone marrow grafting in
      aplastic anemia].

PMID- 391537
TI  - Anaesthesia in the anephric patient: case report.

PMID- 391538
TI  - Fifty years ago. Paper published in the December issue 1925. A review of a recent
      epidemic of bacillary dysentery with special reference to a new therapy: a paper
      read before the Uganda branch of the British Medical Association, March 1925.

PMID- 391539
TI  - Look back to 1927 published in East African Medical Journal Vol. iv, 114, 1927.
      An unusual case of lactation.

PMID- 391540
TI  - Brain death. some medical, ethical, legal, socio-economic and diagnostic
      considerations: a review.

PMID- 391541
TI  - Patterns of shigella species and serotypes in East Africa.

PMID- 391542
TI  - Streptococcus group B meningitis: a case report.

PMID- 391530
TI  - Antiplatelet drugs: clinical pharmacology and therapeutic use.
AB  - Because platelets are so important in thrombus formation, drugs which inhibit
      platelet function (the 'antiplatelet drugs') have considerable potential as
      antithrombotic agents. Among the antiplatelet drugs, only aspirin,
      sulphinpyrazone, dipyridamole, hydroxychloroquine, and clofibrate have had wide
      clinical trial. Their effects on platelet metabolism differ. Aspirin prevents
      platelet prostaglandin synthesis by acetylating and irreversibly inactivating
      platelet prostaglandin synthetase, while sulphinpyrazone is a reversible
      inhibitor of the same enzyme. Both aspirin and sulphinpyrazone impair the
      platelet release reaction and reduce platelet aggregation, but neither prevents
      platelet adhesion to the subendothelium or to foreign surfaces. On the other
      hand, dipyridamole reduces platelet adhesion as well as aggregation, probably by
      inhibiting phosphodiesterase and so raising platelet cyclic AMP levels. The
      effects of hydroxychloroquine and clofibrate have been less well defined. As the
      antiplatelet drugs form a diverse group of substances with differing effects on
      platelet function, it is hardly surprising that every potential clinical
      application of each antiplatelet drug or drug combination has had to be tested
      separately, and that these drugs have not proved to be equally effective. One or
      more antiplatelet drugs have now been evaluated in each of the following
      situations.

PMID- 391543
TI  - Obituary: T F Anderson.

PMID- 391544
TI  - Look back to 1928 published in East African Medical Journal Vol. vi, No. 1,
      April, 1929. A case of asthma: operation: recovery. James Dundas.

PMID- 391545
TI  - [Kidney renin-angiotensin system and water intake].
AB  - The authors make a review and critical evaluation of the accumulated experimental
      material for clarifying the question: whether drinking is physiological process
      due to exogenously administered angiotensin II (A-II) or to endogenous
      stimulation of the rena renin-angiotensin system (RAS). There is a parallel
      between water intake and plasma renin activity (PRA) in states like hypovolemia,
      hemorrhagia, hypotension, sodium loss, etc. They find sensitivity of some
      cerebral structures without blood-brain barrier to physiological concentations of
      A-II. Water intake is increased after venous administration of angiotensin-II
      within physiological concentrations. It is shown at the same time that central
      blockade of A-II does not inhibit drinking after water abstention. The authors
      discover that some effects, leading to an increased water intake, are not due to
      RAS. Nephrectomy does not alter circadian thythm of drinking of water. They
      discuss contradiction in experimental data and make an inference that renal RAS
      could not be considered as a single and sufficient factor for regulation of water
      intake.

PMID- 391546
TI  - [Degeneration and regeneration of sensory nerve fibers and their endings
      (receptors)].
AB  - After cutting a nerve, inervating a certain part of the body/its nerve fibers and
      their terminals (receptors) undergo degeneration, which continues several days
      and proceeds in some of them unevenly quickly. They recover (regenerate) to their
      normal state and structure several months after the occurred complete destruction
      of the nervous fibers and terminals. The author describes the results from
      studies on the inervation of skin transplants and scars in experimental animals
      and persons to clarify the question about the origin of the regeneration nerve
      fibers--whether by growth of the central part of the cut nerve or by formation of
      this part independently in an area. The finding of capsulated receptors--the
      bodies of Meissner and bulbs with dense vindingsin 2 to 16-years old scars is a
      sure proof that regenerated nerve fibers and their terminals originate by growth
      from those cut at the surface of the grafting of the transplant e.g. from the
      central.

PMID- 391547
TI  - [Brain catecholamines, mental diseases, aging and senile dementia: biochemical
      and pharmacological aspects].
AB  - Catecholamines (CA) are among the most well known neurotransmitters (NT) which
      act in a wide range of brain structures and are involved in many important
      functions, such as general arousal, autonomic, neuroendocrine and motor control
      and possible in emotion and mentation. The neuropharmacology of the brain CA
      synapses has played a crucial role in understanding the complex phenomena of the
      central neurotransmission and the feed-back mechanisms by which the central
      neurones adapt optimally to the functional needs at any time. The model of
      neurotransmission, as well as the mechanism by which various substances act at
      the synaptic level are briefly outlined. Due to the fact that the CA are
      implicated in many important functions of the brain, it has been suggested that
      certain mental diseases such as depression, as well as mental and behavioral
      manifestations of the ageing brain might have their origin in an impairment and
      particularly in a functional deficiency of the CA occurring at various
      structures. The available evidence in support to this view is outlined and the
      hypothesis that senile mental deterioration and the mental impairment encountered
      in various types of dementia (senile, presenile and multi-infarct) may be due to
      deficiency of the brain CA is discussed. Since the CA and particularly the
      dopamine deficiency seems to be a common denominator in depression and in senile
      mental deterioration, it is suggested that the dopaminergic drugs may serve as
      useful therapeutic means on one hand and important tools for testing the validity
      of the above hypotheses on the other.

PMID- 391548
TI  - Estimation of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone receptors in human breast tumors by the
      immobilized antibody method.
AB  - A simple method for estimation of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) receptors in
      the cytosol of human breast tumors is described. It is based on the competition
      of immobilized antibody with the receptors for the labeled hormone. Out of eleven
      patients with primary breast tumors, four had DHT-receptors, three were negative,
      and four patients were border line cases.

PMID- 391549
TI  - Escherichia coli tRNA (uracil-5-)-methyltransferase: Inhibition by analogues of
      adenosylhomocysteine.
AB  - Structural analogues of adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) have been tested as
      inhibitors of a tRNA(uracil-5-)-methyltransferase preparation obtained from
      Escherichia coli. All analogues tested gave linear competitive inhibition
      kinetics with adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) as the variable substrate. Comparison
      of the Ki values obtained leads to the following conclusions concerning the
      specificity of the AdoMet-AdoHcy binding site on the enzyme: (i) the terminal
      amino group of the amino acid moiety is necessary for activity; (ii) both a
      chiral change of the asymmetric carbon atom of homocysteine and the presence of
      the terminal carboxyl group contribute little towards inhibitory activity; (iii)
      analogues in which the amino function of the adenyl moiety is modified or
      substituted are still potent inhibitors; (iv) inhibitor specificity is
      considerably reduced when adenine is replaced by a pyrimidine base.

PMID- 391550
TI  - [The precursors of ergonomics].

PMID- 391552
TI  - Cell surface characteristics of human leukaemic cells.

PMID- 391553
TI  - Third-party payment and treatment of the dying patient.

PMID- 391551
TI  - Regulation of pyruvate metabolism in mammalian tissues.

PMID- 391554
TI  - Concepts of illness and care of the ill.

PMID- 391556
TI  - Identity of malonyl and palmitoyl transferase of fatty acid synthetase from
      yeast. Functional interrelationships between the acyl transferases.
AB  - Functional interrelationships between the acyl transferases of yeast fatty acid
      synthetase were investigated. In binding assays with synthetase modified by 5,5'
      dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), 4--5 malonyl transferase entities per multienzyme
      complex molecule could be titrated. In the presence of palmitoyl-CoA these
      malonyl transferases were found inaccessible to malonyl-CoA, whereas the acetyl
      transferases were reactive towards acetyl-CoA. Between four and five palmitoyl
      transferase entities per synthetase equivalent were found reactive towards
      palmitoyl-CoA, the palmitoyl binding being inhibited by malonyl-CoA. Following
      palmitoyl binding the acetyl transferases were found towards acetyl-CoA.
      Substrate model assays were consistent with these data. It is concluded that
      malonyl and palmitoyl transferases are closely coupled enzyme components of the
      multienzyme complex which are fairly independent of the acetyl transferase
      entities. The molecular basis for the observed coupling will be given in the
      following paper.

PMID- 391555
TI  - Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-sensitized photoinactivation of tryptophanase and evidence
      for essential histidyl residues in the active sites.

PMID- 391557
TI  - Identity of malonyl and palmitoyl transferase of fatty acid synthetase from
      yeast. 2. A comparison of active-site peptides.
AB  - Active-site peptides of malonyl and palmitoyl transferase from yeast fatty acid
      synthetase were isolated and sequenced to try to prove the hypothesis [J. Ayling,
      R. Pirson & F. Lynen (1979) Biochemistry 11, 526--533] that both enzymes are
      identical. For this purpose synthetase modified with 5,5'-dithiobis(2
      nitrobenzoic acid) was labelled with either [14C]malonyl or [14C]palmitoyl
      residues followed by proteolytic digestion of the labelled protein. [14C]Malonyl
      peptides were isolated by conventional purification procedures; their structures
      were determined by a combination of methods. [14C]Palmitoyl-peptide material was
      purified by high-performance liquid chromatography and the structure determined
      by solid-phase Edman degradation and other analytical methods. Serine was
      identified as the acyl acceptor group in both transferases. Comparison of the
      sequence data available shows that the sequence around the acyl acceptor group in
      both cases is identical. This proves the identity of malonyl and palmitoyl
      transferase.

PMID- 391558
TI  - Interaction of arginine with the ribosomal peptidyl transferase centre.
AB  - Arginine inhibits the formation of acetylleucyl-puromycin from C(U)-A-C-C-A-LeuAc
      and puromycin ('fragment reaction'), catalized by Escherichia coli and yeast
      ribosomes. From 18 different L-amino acids assayed, arginine was the most
      effective in producing inhibition (50% inhibition at 20 mM, with 1 mM puromycin).
      L-Argininamide and D-arginine gave about the same inhibition as L-arginine. The
      inhibition by L-arginine is competitive with respect to puromycin. The plot of
      the slopes obtained in a Lineweaver and Burk representation versus [Arg]2, and
      the plot of 1/v versus [Arg]2 at a fixed concentration of puromycin, are linear,
      which seems to indicate that two arginine molecules must interact at the
      puromycin binding site to produce inhibition. In addition to the 'fragment
      reaction', arginine inhibits the non-enzymatic binding of AcPhe-tRNA, C(U)-A-C-C
      A-Leu and C(U)-A-C-C-A-LeuAc to ribosomes. However, it does not inhibit poly(U)
      directed polyphenylalanine synthesis or the reaction of puromycin with AcPhe-tRNA
      previously bound to the peptidyl site. The results agree with arginine binding to
      the acceptor site, and with a sequential mechanism for the 'fragment reaction',
      puromycin binding first.

PMID- 391560
TI  - Architecture of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli K12. Phase transitions of
      the bacteriophage K3 receptor complex.

PMID- 391559
TI  - Enzymatic N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation of synthetic peptide acceptors by
      dolichol-linked sugar derivatives in yeast.

PMID- 391561
TI  - The identification of apocytochrome b as a mitochondrial gene product and
      immunological evidence for altered apocytochrome b in yeast strains having
      mutations in the COB region of mitochondrial DNA.
AB  - The yeast mitochondrial translation product of Mr 30 000 is identical with
      apocytochrome b. After labelling in vivo with [35S]sulphate in the presence of
      cycloheximide, the radioactivity in this product present in solubilized
      submitochondrial particles, was completely recovered in pure cytochrome bc1
      complex as a single polypeptide. We show that this translation product is
      identical with apocytochrome b using peptide mapping by limited proteolysis
      according to Cleveland et al. [J. Biol. Chem. 250 (1977) 8236-8242] and by
      immunoprecipitation with a specific antiserum against apocytochrome b. New
      mitochondrial translation products in 36 strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      having mutations in the COB region of the mitochondrial DNA, are precipitated by
      this antiserum. This is consistent with the assumption that many of the cob
      mutations are localized in the structural gene for apolcytochrome b on
      mitochondrial DNA.  Mutations in two intervening sequences can give rise to
      products related to apocytochrome b that are considerably longer than normal
      apocytochrome b. We discuss the hypothesis that in these mutants splicing of the
      messenger RNA does not occur correctly and that, as a consequence of this,
      ribosomes read through in an intervening sequence.

PMID- 391562
TI  - Tryptophan synthase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a dimer of two polypeptide
      chains of Mr 76000 each.

PMID- 391563
TI  - Purification of tryptophan synthase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and partial
      activity of its nicked subunits.

PMID- 391565
TI  - A novel ATP-driven glucose transport system in Escherichia coli.
AB  - In Escherichia coli wild-type cells and in ATPase-deficient cells (unc mutants),
      glucose was found to be transported mainly by an ATP-driven system. The evidence
      is based on experiments involving interference at different sites of energy
      metabolism with the use of uncouplers, arsenate, and starved cells. Furthermore,
      addition of succinate to starved cells increased glucose uptake only in the wild
      type cells, where ATP could be regenerated. Glucose transport was also ATP
      dependent in cells deficient in methyl-beta-galactoside transport (a system that
      carries glucose specificity). It was found to be shock-sensitive in all strains
      tested. The NOVEL ATP-driven glucose transport is a high-affinity (Km 3-10
      microM) and high-capacity (V 240-330 Mmol . min-1 . mg cell protein-1) uptake
      system.

PMID- 391564
TI  - Immunochemical characterization of the basement membrane glycoprotein laminin.
AB  - Laminin was recently characterized as being a major non-collageneous protein of
      the basement membrane matrix produced by a mouse tumor. It was extracted from the
      tumor matrix with neutral buffer and purified under non-denaturing conditions.
      Rabbit and guinea pig antisera raised against laminin or a large pepsin fragment
      P1 of laminin showed strong binding to both laminin and peptide P1 but only a
      weak reaction with reduced and alkylated laminin. The major antigenic
      determinants of laminin were located in a disulfide knot, comprising one third of
      the molecule, which resisted degradation by pepsin or cyanogen bromide. Minor
      antigenic determinants shared by the native and reduced protein could also be
      identified. The data were interpreted as showing that laminin consists of
      conformationally rigid as well as more flexible domains. Absorption studies with
      mouse kidney homogenate indicated that authenic basement membranes contain a
      protein immunologically identical to laminin. Tissues from other species contain
      a related protein which exhibits partial cross-reaction with mouse laminin.
      Together with immunofluorescence data the findings demonstrate that laminin, like
      type IV collagen, occurs in most basement membranes of the body.

PMID- 391566
TI  - Mutagenic DNA repair: insertion of nucleotides opposite non-coding template
      structures by a reversed 3'-5' exonuclease reaction? A hypothesis.
AB  - 1. The enzymatic mechanism of mutagenic DNA repair is unknown. None of the
      characterized DNA polymerases is capable of polymerization past non-coding
      template structures. 2. A hypothesis is proposed according to which
      polymerization opposite non-coding template structures is catalyzed by the DNA
      polymerase-associated 3'-5' exonuclease under conditions which shift the
      equilibrium of the 3'-5' exonuclease reaction DNAn + H2O in equilibrium DNAn-1 +
      dNMP to the left, i.e. to the incorporation of deoxynucleoside monophosphates. 3.
      Conditions which favor the incorporation of dNMP by the reversed 3'-5'
      exonuclease reaction include a high dNMP concentration, a coupled H2O-consuming
      reaction and a hydrophobic enzyme environment. 4. The statements of the
      hypothesis are supported by published work on the biochemistry of DNA polymerases
      and their associated 3'-5' exonucleases, the genetics of mutagenic DNA repair and
      the involvement of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III in this process. 5. The
      hypothesis offers an explanation of the mutator and antimutator properties of
      certain genes, in particular of DNA polymerase genes, and also explains how some
      drugs act mutagenically during DNA replication and antimutagenically against
      mutagenic DNA repair.

PMID- 391567
TI  - Production of a soluble form of fumarate reductase by multiple gene duplication
      in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - 1. Ampicillin-hyperresistant mutants of Escherichia coli K12 bearing multiple
      gene duplications in the ampC (beta-lactamase) gene region of the chromosome
      overproduced at least six proteins with molecular weights 97,000, 80,000, 72,000,
      49,000, 33,000 and 26,500 during anaerobic growth. All but two of the proteins
      (80,000-Mr and 49,000-Mr) were also overproduced during aerobic growth. The
      distribution of the proteins in soluble and particulate cell fractions was
      investigated. 2. The 33,000-Mr and 72,000-Mr components were identified as beta
      lactamase and the amp-linked frdA gene product, fumarate reductase, respectively.
      Co-sedimentation of the 26,500-Mr component with the fumarate reductase suggested
      that the smaller protein could be functionally related to the reductase. The lack
      of correspondence between the amplified proteins and the products of other amp
      linked genes, aspA and mop(groE), indicated that these genes are not included in
      the repetitive sequence. 3. Fumarate reductase activities were amplified up to 32
      fold by the multiple gene duplications. Two forms of fumarate reductase were
      produced: particulate (membrane-bound) and soluble (cytoplasmic). Production of
      the soluble form occurred when the binding capacity of the membrane was
      saturated. Both forms of fumarate reductase were enzymically active but the
      soluble form was readily inactivated under assay conditions.

PMID- 391568
TI  - Mechanism of action of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Binding studies of tobramycin
      and its 6'-N-acetyl derivative to the bacterial ribosome and its subunits.
AB  - 6'-N-[14C]Acetyl-tobramycin and [3H]tobramycin were synthesized and their binding
      to Escherichia coli ribosomes and ribosomal subunits studied using equilibrium
      dialysis. THE 70-S ribosome, as well as its 50-S and 30-S subunits, bound tightly
      to 6'-N-acetyl-tobramycin. The binding of [3H]tobramycin to ribosomes was quite
      different. The 70-S ribosome was observed to possess several classes of binding
      sites; of these, one was determined to be of higher affinity and lower capacity,
      the 6'-N-[14C]acetyl-tobramycin site. The isotopic dilution method was used to
      define the specificity of the interaction. The selective binding of 6'-N
      [14C]acetyl-tobramycin was highly reversible by tobramycin, kanamycins A, B, C
      and neomycin, but not by streptomycin or erythromycin. Gentamicin C1a was a poor
      inhibitor. This suggested that either the kanosamin or garosamin rings might be
      determinant in the binding of these molecules, as well as the 6'-amino group.

PMID- 391569
TI  - Nucleolar DNA organization in the interphase nuclei of mouse fibroblasts.
AB  - The organization of nucleolar DNA in interphase nuclei of somatic cells was
      studied at the ultrastructural level using oxidized DAB as a nucleic acid stain.
      Some finely filamentous networks of DNA-containing structures were observed
      within the nucleolar fibrillar component. They originated from the perinucleolar
      shell of condensed chromatin and from a chromatinic area with a honeycomb like
      structure. The latter was significantly associated with nucleoli and is believed
      to be a part of the nucleolar organizer region.

PMID- 391570
TI  - Microfilament-associated proteins in tissue culture cells viewed by stereo
      immunofluorescence microscopy.
AB  - Stereo immunofluorescence microscopy avoids the problem of juxtaposition of
      structures often encountered in normal fluorescence microscopy. The procedure has
      been used in conjunction with antibodies against microfilament associated
      proteins to reveal the arrangement of microfilaments in a rat mammary cell line
      both in the fully spread state and in cells during the process of spreading on
      the substratum. use of antibodies to myosin, tropomyosin, alpha-actinin and
      filamin emphasizes that at early times during the spreading process these
      proteins are abundantly present underneath the upper plasma membrane, suggesting
      that the cortical layer present underneath this membrane may be contractile. In
      addition the results emphasize that even in well spread cells microfilament
      bundles are expressed both above and below the nucleus, in agreement with the
      assumption that microfilaments may form a supporting layer underneath the plasma
      membrane.

PMID- 391571
TI  - Identification of multiple microtubule initiating sites in mouse neuroblastoma
      cells.
AB  - Mouse neuroblastoma N-18 cells can be induced by serum deprivation to sprout
      multiple neurite-like processes which contain many microtubules. Mitotic drugs
      such as colcemid and colchicine depolymerize these microtubules and the cells
      lose their processes. Reappearance of microtubules after removal of the drugs was
      followed by immunofluorescence microscopy using tubulin specific antibodies. At
      early recovery times multiple star-like structures which contained tubulin were
      detected in the perinuclear are and in the cytoplasm of individual cells. The
      mean number seen per cell as approximately 5. Their formation preceeded the
      organization of the complex microtubular networks typical of N-18 cells. The
      probable action of these structures as microtubular organization centers (MTOCs)
      is discussed. Multiple structures were detected during recovery from the
      influence of mitotic drugs both in previously induced and non-induced N-18 cells,
      suggesting that N-18 cells harbour the potential of formation of multiple
      organization centers even without previous induction. We discuss the possibility
      that differentiation of neuroblastoma N-18 cells may require microtubular
      organization centers.

PMID- 391572
TI  - Distribution of molecule numbers per secretion granule. A study of crystals in
      glucagon secreting cells.
AB  - The occurrence of a crystalline component in secretion granules of teleost A
      cells (islets of Langerhans) has been used to derive, in Xi-phophorus helleri,
      the size distribution of secretion granules in terms of (glucagon) molecule
      numbers. The distribution is asymmetric with the arithmetical mean = 7.1 x 10(5),
      the median Q0.5 = 4.7 x 10(5), and the range from 8.5 x 10(4) to 4.5 x 10(6)
      molecules, as determined in a sample of 203 crystals from 9 specimens. This
      result is based on the following assumptions: The crystals are rhombic
      dodecahedra with a greater than 4.2 nm and space group P213, thus much resembling
      cubic porcine glucagon; they are teleost glucagon and contain the whole glucagon
      content of the granule. If the latter assumptions are rejected, the above
      molecule numbers become minimum numbers of protein molecules. A change to other
      space groups also compatible with the diffraction patterns observed would only
      double the above values. The values are compared with corresponding ones from
      other species and also from other types of endocrine cells and errors are
      discussed.

PMID- 391573
TI  - Suspension culture of myocardial cells from newborn rats.
AB  - Myocardial cells from newborn rats were held in a spinner type culture for 2 days
      and then explanted into culture flasks. Three main cell types were observed:
      single multipolar cells of embryonic type, cell aggregates containing 10 to 50
      connected cells, and bipolar cells retaining some adult characteristics. Except
      for the latter, up to 95% of intact cells settled and were beating 6 hours after
      explantation. The percentage of fibroblast-like cells was drastically reduced
      when compared with conventional cultures. Cell debris could be removed 2 hours
      after explantation by changing the culture medium, or more effectively by a
      density step centrifugation using Lymphoprep or Lymphoprep-Ficoll mixtures.

PMID- 391574
TI  - Markers for membranous cell components. The 6th International Subcellular
      Methology Form, Guildford/United Kingdom, 25-28 July 1978.
AB  - Problems concerning the use of "markers" in cell fractionation experiments are
      currently in the forefront in many areas of cellular investigation. Points of
      view and standards of application vary widely. This report has emerged from a
      debate during the 6th International Subcellular Methodology Forum, Guildford,
      U.K., 25-28 July 1978. Marker criteria are discussed, first in a general sense
      and then in terms of specific cell components. Use of multiple marker criteria is
      stressed along with selective modulation, cytochemistry, and morphological
      analyses for fraction identification and evaluations of yield and purity.
      Finally, some specific recommendations are made toward documentation that journal
      editors might expect from authors.

PMID- 391576
TI  - Hypothalamic-pituitary function in the old irregularly cycling rat.
AB  - Older irregularly cycling and younger regularly cycling rats exhibited similar
      increases in LH levels 1, 2 and 3 wks after ovariectomy, but FSH reached higher
      levels in the older than in the younger rats after ovariectomy. Neither the
      ability of 5 microgram/kg estrogen to suppress gonadotropin levels nor the
      capability of larger doses of estrogen (250 micrograms/kg) and/or progesterone
      (10 mg/kg to trigger an LH release were altered with age. LH release from the
      pituitary in response to exogenous gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) was
      attenuated in ovariectomized older rats, but was partially restored after
      estrogen and/or progesterone priming. The FSH levels after GnRH treatment were
      greater in the estrogen primed aged that in estrogen-primed younger rats. The
      disruption of regular cycles in older rats may be due to a lack of a neural
      signal for gonadotropin release rather than a failure of the hypothalamus to
      respond to the positive feedback effect of estrogen or the failure of the
      pituitary to respond to GnRH.

PMID- 391575
TI  - Treatment of infantile E. coli gastroenteritis with specific bovine anti-E. coli
      milk immunoglobulins.
AB  - A milk immunoglobulin concentrate (MIC) containing antibodies to enteropathogenic
      E. coli strains was prepared by hyperimmunisation of pregnant cows and using the
      milk obtained during the first 6 to 8 days of lactation. The sterile concentrate
      contained 70 to 80% protein and 35 to 40% immunoglobulin. The antibacterial
      activity was measured by bacterial passive agglutination, bacteriostatic activity
      in vitro, phagocytic clearance in vivo, and a protection test in mice. Though
      differences in titers were observed, adequate immunologic activity was
      demonstrated by these tests. Clinical studies were performed with 60 patients
      (aged 10 days to 18 months) suffering from diarrhoea with isolation of
      enteropathogenic E. coli. They were treated for 10 days with MIC and stool
      cultures were done prior to, during, and 2, 3 and 4 days after termination of
      treatment. Among 51 patients infected with E. coli strains incorporated in the
      vaccine, stool cultures became negative in 43 (84.3%) after treatment with MIC
      and 8 remained positive. Nine patients infected with strains O 78:K80(B-) and O
      114:K--(B-)--which were not included in the vaccine used for immunisation--served
      as controls. Only one patient in this group became negative. If all patients
      receiving antibiotics for non intestinal infections during the treatment period
      are omitted the results remained unaltered: MIC was effective in 32 out of 38
      patients (84.2%). These differences were highly significant. These results
      provide evidence that treatment with specific MIC is effective in eliminating
      enteropathogenic E. coli from the intestine.

PMID- 391577
TI  - Individual factors influencing the response to a beta-adrenergic blocking agent
      given alone and in combination with a diuretic on arterial hypertension.
AB  - 103 patients with arterial hypertension were treated with timolol + placebo for 7
      weeks in a multicentre trial, and with timolol + hydrochlorothiazide and
      amiloride for a further 7-week period. The decrease in blood pressure (BP)
      produced by timolol alone was influenced neither by the dose of timolol, initial
      heart rate, magnitude of pretreatment BP nor by age. 64% of the patients less
      than 40 years of ages, and 48% of the older patients, were well regulated on beta
      blocker monotherapy. When the diuretic was given in addition, the BP response in
      the older age group improved, whereas younger patients showed no change. A
      significant correlation was found between age or magnitude of untreated BP and
      the decrease in BP caused by the diuretic. The cardiothoracic ratio increased
      significantly on timolol alone, whereas no change was found on the combined
      therapy. Weight changes in the two different treatment periods showed a
      significant correlation, but they were not related to the observed reduction in
      BP. The results suggest that in younger patients, beta-blocker therapy is just as
      effective as a combined treatment with a diuretic, whereas in older patients
      considerably better regulation is achieved by combined therapy.

PMID- 391578
TI  - Multicentre comparative trial of tienilic acid and hydrochlorothiazide in
      hypertensive patients.
AB  - To compare the clinical and metabolic effects of a new diuretic uricosuric agent,
      tienilic acid, with those of hydrochlorothiazide, a multicentre double-blind
      trial was performed in 56 hypertensive patients. Twenty-eight patients were
      randomly assigned to take tienilic acid and 28 to take hydrochlorothiazide. The
      diuretic and anti-hypertensive actions of the two compounds were similar. No
      significant differences were observed between tienilic acid and
      hydrochlorothiazide in their effects on urinary and serum electrolytes, hepatic
      and renal function tests, and fasting lipids. The patients who received tienilic
      acid showed a significant fall in serum uric acid, mediated by the uricosuric
      effect. The availability of an agent combining diuretic, antihypertensive and
      hypouricemic effects offers promise in the treatment of arterial hypertension.

PMID- 391579
TI  - H-2 restriction for lymphocyte homing into lymph nodes.
AB  - Migratory patterns into lymph nodes of labeled spleen lymphocytes, injected
      intravenously, showed considerable differences according to the genetic identity
      or disparity of donor and recipient mice. The use of mice carrying different H-2
      haplotypes in the same B 10 background, or, conversely, the same H-2b haplotype
      in different backgrounds, showed that no homing was observed in the case of
      complete disparity at the H-2 complex, contrasting with optimal homing in the
      case of H-2 identity. Homing was not influenced by disparity at the genetic
      background. Irradiation of recipient mice did not change the results and
      suggested that no immunological host-vs.-graft reaction was involved in the H-2
      restriction observed. The use of donor-recipient pairs carrying recombinant H-2
      haplotypes showed that a single H-2 K and/or H-2 D identity allowed almost
      optimal homing. The results indirectly suggested that an immunological graft-vs.
      host reaction was not involved in the phenomenon but rather a positive
      recognition of H-2 K or H-2 D identity between donor and recipient cells.

PMID- 391581
TI  - Human ocular mucus. Origins and preliminary characterisation.

PMID- 391580
TI  - Quantitative analysis of the collagens in the bovine cornea.

PMID- 391582
TI  - The halophilic properties of pyruvate kinase from Vibrio costicola, a moderate
      halophile.
AB  - Pyruvate kinase from Vibrio costicola, a moderate halophile, appears to be
      adapted to functioning in the presence of salt. Its stability depends on the
      ionic strength of the medium. The amino acid composition resembles that of other
      halophilic enzymes. It is proposed that the halophilic pyruvate kinase utilizes
      preferentially the Mn++ cofactor which forms more stable complexes in the
      presence of physiological concentrations of salt.

PMID- 391583
TI  - Protective effect of calcium against the verapamil-induced inhibition of
      ionophore-mediated calcium translocation.
AB  - The inhibitory effect of verapamil on A23187-mediated calcium translocation is
      antagonized in a competitive manner by increasing concentrations of calcium.

PMID- 391584
TI  - Mean cytoplasmic protein concentration of host erythrocytes and the reticulocyte
      response in Plasmodium berghei infected mice.
AB  - The decreasing mean cytoplasmic protein concentration (MPC) of P. berghei host
      cells is paralled by an increasing parasitemia and percent reticulocyte response.
      The reticulocyte response parallels the percent parasitemia except during a
      period of accelerated reticulocytosis noted during the midpoint of the infection
      at which time the percent reticulocytes increases at a rate more than double the
      rate of increase of percent parasitemia. Although the reticulocyte population and
      the host cell population are usually equivalent, the disparity noted suggests the
      existence of unique characteristics in the reticulocyte response of P. berghei
      infected mice.

PMID- 391585
TI  - The effect of acidic polysaccharides and prostaglandin-like substances isolated
      from Propionibacterium acnes on granulocyte chemotaxis.
AB  - Three acidic polysaccharide (AP) fractions and the prostaglandin-like substances
      (PLS) isolated from P. acnes were investigated regarding their chemotactic
      activities on polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Both AP's and PLS induced a
      significant chemotatic response, which suggests their involvement in inflammatory
      acne vulgaris.

PMID- 391586
TI  - Net ATP synthesis by running the red cell calcium pump backwards.
AB  - Ca2+ loaded inside-out vesicles from human red blood cells, yielding C2+ into a
      Ca2+ free medium with 4 mM EGTA, 2 mM ADP and 10 mM phosphate, produced an excess
      of 14.9 pmoles . min-1 . (mg protein)-1 of ATP compared to controls in which the
      transmembrane Ca2+ gradient was abolished by the ionophore A 23 187.

PMID- 391587
TI  - Teenagers and pregnancy: the law in 1979.

PMID- 391589
TI  - [Pharmacology of the adaptogens].

PMID- 391588
TI  - [Search for diuretic compounds among the sulfamides. II. Benzothiadiazine
      derivatives].

PMID- 391590
TI  - [Achievements of the Zaporozhe Province pharmaceutical service from the time of
      the adoption of the decree on pharmacy nationalization in the Ukraine].

PMID- 391591
TI  - Polyprenyl phosphate prevents inactivation of yeast glycosyl transferase by
      detergents.

PMID- 391592
TI  - Qualitative detection of penicillinase produced by yeast strains carrying
      chimeric yeast-coli plasmids.

PMID- 391593
TI  - Phospholipase A activity with integrated phospholipid vesicles in intact cells of
      an envelope mutant of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 391594
TI  - Primary structure of protein L23 from the Escherichia coli ribosome.

PMID- 391595
TI  - Primary structure of protein L24 from the Escherichia coli ribosome.

PMID- 391596
TI  - Putative origins of replication in the mitochondrial genome of yeast.

PMID- 391597
TI  - The rate of binding of intiation factor 3 to the 30 S ribosomal subunit of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 391599
TI  - [Rapid combined surgical-orthodontic expansion of the maxilla].

PMID- 391598
TI  - [Alginic acid in pharmacy and medicine].

PMID- 391600
TI  - Opsonizing and bactericidal effects of piglet complement and their alterations
      during the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

PMID- 391601
TI  - Lectin-induced specific tolerance in allograft system.

PMID- 391602
TI  - Wallace Aykroyd -- a personal tribute.

PMID- 391604
TI  - State of the industry. Part 1. Survey on materials.

PMID- 391603
TI  - From natural fertility to family limitation: the onset of fertility transition in
      a sample of German villages.
AB  - Utilizing data from a sample of German village genealogies, it is possible to
      document the changes in reproductive patterns on the family level that started to
      take place in Germany during the nineteenth century and formed the basis for the
      secular decline in fertility which eventually encompassed the entire country. One
      striking finding from this study was the substantial diversity among the small
      sample of villages in terms of the timing of the emergence of family limitation.
      While couples in all villages who married during the last half of the eighteenth
      century appeared to be characterized predominantly by natural fertility the
      emergence of family limitation began as early as the turn of the nineteenth
      century in some places and as late as the end of the nineteenth century in
      others. Occupational differentials with respect to family limitation were also
      examined. There is little evidence that changes in birth spacing played an
      important part in the initial phase of the fertility trnsition. Rather, the
      underlying process appears to involve a change from fertility patterns that were
      characterized by the absence of parity-dependent control to one in which attempts
      to terminate childbearing in response to the number of children already born
      becomes widespread.

PMID- 391605
TI  - 'Terms of service' can set and limit your responsibility.

PMID- 391606
TI  - The history of dentures, Part 1.

PMID- 391608
TI  - The history of dentures, Part III.

PMID- 391607
TI  - The history of dentures, Part II. The murder of Josiah Bacon.

PMID- 391609
TI  - Selective glossary of dental terms.

PMID- 391610
TI  - Schools offering courses in dental technology.

PMID- 391611
TI  - 3,000 years of dental gold.

PMID- 391612
TI  - [The ceramico-nickel prosthesis].

PMID- 391613
TI  - [Physical and histological comparative study of three restoration materials and
      enamel treated with an acid].

PMID- 391616
TI  - [Technic for indirect bracket application. Bumper to strap].

PMID- 391614
TI  - [The canine as an attachment support].

PMID- 391618
TI  - [Schreinemaker's impressions. III].

PMID- 391617
TI  - [Schreinemaker's impressions. II].

PMID- 391615
TI  - [An ingenious palatal splint].

PMID- 391620
TI  - [Harry Braun, 24 December 1908 to 12 January 1979].

PMID- 391619
TI  - [Schreinemaker's impression. IV].

PMID- 391621
TI  - Construction of the expansion W appliance.

PMID- 391623
TI  - An investigation of the effect on platelet function of acetylsalicylic acid,
      dipyridamole and the two drugs in combination in patients with transient attacks
      of ischaemia.
AB  - Twenty patients suffering from transient attacks of ischaemia were studied. Seven
      received acetylsalicylic acid, six dipyridamole and seven a combination of the
      two drugs. No significant difference in platelet aggregation was shown in the
      acute phase between the three treatment groups using an adenosine diphosphate
      test method. Using Thrombofax platelet substitute, however, a significant
      difference was seen in all measures. On the seventh day following the ischaemic
      attack the Thrombofax values returned to normal but, in contrast, Platelet Factor
      4 release was increased. Monthly testing of platelet activity during treatment
      shows that the combination of acetylsalicylic acid with dipyridamole was more
      effective in bringing about an early inhibition of Platelet Factor 4 release than
      either agent alone.

PMID- 391622
TI  - An experimentally controlled evaluation of the effect of inositol nicotinate upon
      the digital blood flow in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon.
AB  - The vaso-active effects of inositol nicotinate (Hexopal) were investigated in
      thirty patients with primary and secondary Raynaud's phenomenon using several non
      invasive experimental techniques under controlled conditions. The earlier formed
      impression that this drug requires a prolonged 'build-up' period was confirmed.
      Recording the time required to induce Raynaud's phenomenon as well as assessments
      of total and nutrient digital blood flow showed significant beneficial
      therapeutic effects upon the skin's microcirculation by inositol nicotinate. This
      study suggests that the therapeutic effect of this drug is not merely due to
      vasodilation but that other mechanisms such as enhanced fibrinolysis and lowering
      of serum lipids may play a significant part in its overall effect. Smokers
      responded slower than non-smokers, but even elderly patients with longstanding
      vasospastic disease showed measurably improved digital circulation. Unlike some
      other drugs in this field inositol nicotinate was found to be effective orally
      and to be devoid of unwanted side-effects. However, in the majority of patients
      it failed to abolish their increased vascular spasm although it diminished it
      significantly in most. It appears to be a safe and well tolerated drug, which,
      together with other symptomatic measures, merits to be used in the management of
      vasospastic disease of the extremities even in the presence of partial
      obliteration of the microcirculation.

PMID- 391624
TI  - A multicentre general practice study of cinnarizine in the treatment of
      peripheral vascular disease.
AB  - A multicentre, double-blind, crossover study monitoring walking distance and
      symptomatology was set up to compare the efficacy of cinnarizine with that of
      placebo in the treatment of patients with intermittent claudication. Walking
      distances were statistically significantly increased by cinnarizine treatment
      when it was given before placebo. This improvement was maintained without further
      significant deterioration when the patients were switched to placebo therapy. A
      smaller but statistically significant increase in walking distance was observed
      after the first 12 weeks of tarizine treatment an additional increase in mean
      walking distance, comparable to that seen during the first half of the study, was
      observed in these subjects. This improvement failed to reach a level of
      statistical significance because of the variation in response between individual
      patients.

PMID- 391625
TI  - Antihypertensive effect of oxprenolol and chlorthalidone in fixed combination,
      given once daily.
AB  - In a multicentre, single-blind, within-patient study, the effectiveness and
      tolerability of the fixed combination oxprenolol 80 mg + chlorthalidone 10 mg per
      tablet given once daily, compared to the well established b.i.d. schedule, has
      been investigated in forty out-patients with mild to moderate hypertension. After
      a two-weeks placebo wash-out, twenty patients were given 1 tablet b.i.d. of the
      fixed combination for 4 weeks and thereafter 2 tablets once-daily for a further 4
      weeks; the remaining twenty patients were given the fixed combination in the
      reverse order. There was no significant difference in clinical response between
      the two treatment regimes, which were equally effective and well tolerated.
      However, patient compliance might be considerably improved with the once-daily
      dosage schedule of the fixed combination.

PMID- 391626
TI  - Oxymetazoline in the treatment of allergic and non-infectious conjunctivitis.
AB  - In a double-blind study of 141 patients, 0.025% oxymetazoline ophthalmic solution
      was compared with its vehicle in the treatment of allergic and non-infectious
      conjunctivitis. There was a marked difference in response at the first
      evaluation. By the tenth day (second evaluation) the total improvement in
      hyperaemia was 95% for oxymetazoline compared to 54% for the placebo.
      Oxymetazoline's decongestant effect in the eye matches its effect as a nasal
      vasoconstrictor.

PMID- 391627
TI  - A general practice trial of an amoxycillin/flucloxacillin combination (Suprapen)
      in proven bacterial infections.
AB  - Ninety-three cases of proven bacterial infection occurring in general practice
      were treated with an amoxycillin/flucloxacillin combination. There was a
      satisfactory clinical response in 98% of patients and an overall bacteriological
      success rate of 95.7%. Eleven patients (9.1%) complained of side-effects but
      withdrawal of the combination was necessary in only one patient who developed a
      rash.

PMID- 391628
TI  - Recurrence of otitis media after antibiotic therapy: comparison of cephradine and
      amoxycillin.
AB  - The long-term effectiveness of cephradine and amoxycillin in the treatment of
      otitis media was evaluated in one hundred children ranging in age from 4 months
      to 14 years. The immediate clinical response was comparable in both treatment
      groups, but the recurrence rate during a 12-month follow-up period was
      considerably lower in the patients treated with cephradine. The incidence of side
      effects was similar in the two groups.

PMID- 391629
TI  - A single dose placebo-controlled study to assess the effectiveness of adding a
      muscle relaxant to a compound analgesic in the treatment of tension headache.
AB  - A patient-assessment of pain relief over 4 hours following a single dose of a
      compound analgesic has shown that 78% of patients achieve satisfactory relief of
      pain due to tension headache and that this response is enhanced by the addition
      of chlormezanone, an agent with reported anxiolytic and muscle relaxant actions.
      Side-effects were minor in nature.

PMID- 391630
TI  - Protective efficacy of live influenza vaccines. Its assessment in field and
      experimental conditions.
AB  - Cost benefit estimates of immunization programs are critically dependent on an
      accurate and reliable assessment of the protection offered by the vaccines.
      Consequently, the selection of appropriate parameters of protection becomes an
      issue of major importance. The protective efficacy of live influenza virus
      vaccines has been established for several vaccinal strains used in routine
      immunization. This was established under conditions of natural and artificial
      exposure to both homologous and heterologous influenza viruses. Reduction in the
      incidence of specific disease--respiratory illness, confirmed by influenza virus
      isolation and/or four-fold increase in serum HAI titer, was found to be
      significant. These data will be discussed in relation to available
      epidemiological models that have been developed for the evaluation of disease
      modifying properties of immunoprophylactic agents.

PMID- 391632
TI  - Problems in the investigation of adverse reactions.
AB  - All drugs and vaccines administered to man cause adverse reactions. In general
      the adverse reaction profile of a new vaccine should be defined in its clinical
      trial phase, but the incidence of adverse reactions occurring infrequently is
      likely to emerge only after extensive clinical use. Problems in the investigation
      and assessment of reports of adverse reactions which occur infrequently are
      reviewed. It is important that case reports be complete and include details of
      the batch number and manufacturer of the incriminated vaccine, and of its storage
      and administration. The assessment of reports of adverse reactions, which are
      similar in nature to those occurring in equivalent unvaccinated populations,
      presents special problems and may require case control studies. As new types of
      vaccines are developed it will be necessary to improve systems which monitor the
      occurrence of adverse reactions which occur infrequently and those which bear a
      distant time relationship to immunisation.

PMID- 391631
TI  - Differences in antibody response induced by formaldehyde inactivated and live
      mumps vaccines.

PMID- 391633
TI  - Obituary: Jack Tizard CBE, MA, PhD.

PMID- 391634
TI  - [Ignacio Chavez].

PMID- 391635
TI  - [Real time two dimensional echocardiography in cardiological diagnosis].

PMID- 391636
TI  - Effect of N-carboxymethyl-N-nitrosourea on viability and mutagenic response of
      repair-deficient strains of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Under simulated human gastric conditions, glycocyamine which exists in meat is
      known to be converted into N-carboxymethyl-N-nitrosourea (CMNU) by reaction with
      sodium nitrite. Because of its suspected hazards to man, CMNU was tested for its
      mutagenicity and lethal activity with a set of isogenic strains of Escherichia
      coli possessing the same auxotrophic marker but different DNA-repair capacities.
      Both strains NG30 (recA-) and R15 (polA-) were far more sensitive to lethality
      induced by CMNU than H/r30R (wild) and Hs30R (uvrA-) strains. The uvrA- strain
      was more sensitive to induction of mutations by CMNU than the wild and polA-
      strains, but the recA- strain was hardly mutable by CMNU. It can be concluded
      from these findings that the major cause of lethality of CMNU in E. coli is
      different from that of mutation induction.

PMID- 391637
TI  - [Ernst Navratil dead].

PMID- 391638
TI  - [The influence of radium therapie on the yeast contamination of the vagina
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Before the beginning of radium therapy a vaginal yeast contamination of 9,7% was
      found of 113 patients with different genital carcinomas. However, the incidence
      of vaginal yeast contamination increased suddenly to 30,9% under the contac
      irradiation therapy with radium. The radiation effect of radium is not sufficient
      for a "selfsterilisation" of the radium-carrier in the case of yeast
      contamination. Therefore, a chemic desinfection of the radium-carriers is
      principly necessary. The significance of radium therapy with respect to vaginal
      yeast contamination is discussed and the recommendation is made that routine
      mycological supervision be carried out on all patients with gynaecological
      carcinomas and appropriate antimycotic therapy initiated where necessary.

PMID- 391639
TI  - The immunocytochemical localization of gonadotropin, its subunits, and
      thyrotropin in the teleost, Xiphophorus maculatus.

PMID- 391640
TI  - Specificity of insertion by the translocatable tetracycline-resistance element
      Tn10.
AB  - Genetic analysis of 131 independent transpositions of the tetracycline-resistance
      element Tn10 from a single site in phage P22 into the histidine operon of
      Salmonella typhimurium reveals that Tn10 insertions are not randomly distributed
      along this chromosomal target. The insertions occur in 22 different "clusters";
      insertions within each cluster are very tightly linked in recombination tests.
      Tn10 insertions are not evenly distributed among the identified clusters. The
      existence of these clusters suggests that this chromosomal target contains
      particular genetic signals that guide Tn10 to particular preferred positions for
      insertion. Insertions within each cluster occur in both orientations with roughly
      equal frequency.--The relationship among different insertions within each cluster
      has been examined. The resolution of genetic mapping places an upper limit of
      about 50 basepairs on the distance between different insertions within a cluster.
      Different insertions within a cluster usually have the same reversion frequency;
      however, heterogeneity in reversion frequency has been detected in at least two
      clusters. For most clusters, the available data are consistent with the simple
      possibility that all insertions within a cluster are at identical positions;
      however, the data do not exclude other possibilities.

PMID- 391643
TI  - [Boris Nikolaevich Sidorov (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 391642
TI  - [Effect of ftorafur on the chromosomes of human normal and tumor cells in vitro].

PMID- 391641
TI  - Isolation and characterization of dnaX and dnaY temperature-sensitive mutants of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Escherichia coli mutants with temperature-sensitive (ts) mutations in dnaX and
      dnaY genes have been isolated. Based on transduction by phage P1, dnaX and Y have
      been mapped at minutes 10.4--10.5 and 12.1, respectively, in the sequence dnaX
      purE dnaY. Both dna Xts36 and Yts10 are recessive to wild-type alleles present on
      episomes. F13 carries both dnaX+ and Y+; the shorter F210 carries dnaY+, but not
      X+. Lambda tranducing phages that carry dnaX+ or Y+ have been isolated, and
      hybrid plasmids of Col E1 and E. coli DNA from the Clarke and Carbon (1976)
      collection also carry portions of the dnaX purE dnaY region. Results obtained
      with the lambda transducing phages and the hybrid plasmids suggest that dnaX is a
      different gene from the previously characterized dnaZ gene, which is also near
      minute 10.5--The dnaXts36 mutant, after a shift to 42 degrees, stopped DNA
      synthesis gradually, and the total amount of DNA increased two-fold. When this
      mutant was shifted to 44 degrees, the rate of DNA synthesis dropped immediately
      and the final increment of DNA was only 10% of the initial amount. Replicative
      DNA synthesis in toluene-treated cells was completely inhibited at 42 degrees and
      was partially inhibited even at 30 degrees.--When the dnaYts10 mutant was shifted
      to 42 degrees, DNA synthesis gradually stopped, and the amount of DNA increased
      3.6-fold. At 44 degrees, residual DNA synthesis amounted to a two-fold increase.
      Replicative DNA synthesis in vitro in toluene-treated cells was inactivated after
      20 minutes at 42 degrees or by "preincubation" of cells at 42 degrees before
      toluene treatment.--The dnaX and dnaY products probably function in
      polymerization of DNA, although participation also in initiation cannot be
      excluded.

PMID- 391644
TI  - [Asymmetry in the frequencies of reciprocal recombinants in crosses of T4 phage
      rIIB mutants].
AB  - The frequencies of reciprocal recombinants in crosses between rIIB mutants of T4
      phage were shown to differ from each other. In terms of the correction model,
      this asymmetry of genetic recombination was used to measure the comparative
      correctability of the mismatched regions to the wild type and to the mutant
      alleles. The data obtained are in quantitative agreement with the analogous
      values for the same mismatched regions determined by comparison of the markers
      located at the same site. This strongly suggests that the asymmetry of genetic
      recombination in T4 reflects the corresponding difference in rates of correction
      of the mismatched regions in heteroduplexes in opposite directions.

PMID- 391645
TI  - [Incorporation of the ampicillin resistance transposon into the Escherichia coli
      K-12 chromosome and into plasmids].
AB  - The mutant pEG1 of R-factor RP4 with temperature-sensitive defect in replication,
      carrying a transposable ampicillin resistance element Tn1 was used to define the
      frequency of insertion of this element into Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome and
      some other plasmids. Our results indicate that the frequency of colony forming by
      bacteria with pEG1-factor on ampicillin medium in non-permissive conditions
      corresponds to the frequency of Tn1 insertion into bacterial chromosome or some
      other plasmid (in case when the strains are carrying a second plasmid). The
      frequency of Tn1 insertion into the chromosome is about 4.10(-4). The defect in
      recA gene produce no serious change in the frequency of Tn1 insertion into the
      bacterial chromosome. The translocation of Tn1 element from pEG1-factor to R483,
      R6 and ColE1 plasmids occurs at 10 to 100-fold-higher frequency than from the
      plasmid to the chromosome. The insertion of Tn1 into the F'-factor KLF10 and R
      factor R64-11 occurs at far lower frequency than that to plasmids R6, R483, or
      ColE1.

PMID- 391646
TI  - [Plasmid transformation of frozen and thawed bacteria].
AB  - Plasmid DNA transformation efficiency depends on three essential factors: 1) the
      optimal regime of the recipients freezing-thawing; 2) the period of the
      recipients competence preservation; 3) individual sensitivity of microorganisms
      to freezing-thawing. It is demonstrated that plasmid DNA pMB9 activity indices
      are of maximal value during freezing at -70 degrees C or -196 degrees C and
      thawing at 42 degrees C. The short period of the competence, about 15 seconds,
      determines the rate of its infection. In this case it was achieved by mutual
      freezing-thawing of bacteria and DNA pMB9. The optimal yield of transformants is
      obtained in the following conditions: the concentration of bacteria - 1 - 5.10(9)
      cells/ml, the concentration of DNA pMB9 - 0.05--0.5 mcg/ml in the reaction
      mixture containing 0.5--1% of bactopeptone ("Spofa") and at pH 7.4--7.6.

PMID- 391649
TI  - [Problems of work and health protection for workers in the activities of the
      local Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party committees in southern Russia
      (1898-1917)].

PMID- 391647
TI  - [Iakov Lazarevich Glembotskii (on his 75th birthday)].

PMID- 391648
TI  - Host dependence of RP1-specified resistance to ampicillin: differential
      expression in Escherichia coli and Rhizobium leguminosarum.
AB  - Rhizobium leguminosarum L4 is able to serve as a host for the plasmid RP1.
      Properties of R. leguminosarum [RP1] plasmid carrier suggest that the expression
      of RP1-coded Apr gene(s) is inhibited in this host, although the determinants of
      transfer and resistance to kanamycin and tetracycline are expressed. This system
      exemplifies a differential expression of plasmid genes in a new host.

PMID- 391650
TI  - [Specific immunological tests for detecting sensitization to chemical compounds
      in a toxicological and allergological experiment].

PMID- 391651
TI  - [Criteria for the determination of fecal enterobacteria].

PMID- 391652
TI  - [Development of oncological diseases related to the action of chemical
      carcinogens].

PMID- 391653
TI  - [Treatment of posthysterectomy vaginal prolapse].

PMID- 391654
TI  - [Current status of the use of steroids as inductors of fetal pulmonary maturity].

PMID- 391655
TI  - [Examination of the skin by the immunofluorescent method in rheumatoid
      arthritis].

PMID- 391656
TI  - Cephalic phase of gastric secretion in healthy subjects and duodenal ulcer
      patients: role of vagal innervation.
AB  - In 10 healthy subjects and 25 duodenal ulcer patients, gastric acid and pepsin
      and serum gastrin responses to cephalic-vagal stimulation induced by modified
      sham-feeding (MSF) were studied before and after vagotomy and atropinisation and
      compared with those to maximal stimulation with pentagastrin. When the MSF
      induced peak acid output was normalised as a percentage of peak response to
      pentagastrin it was about 62% in healthy subjects and 66% in duodenal ulcer
      patients. Serum gastrin concentration was not changed significantly by modified
      sham-feeding either in normal subjects or in duodenal ulcer patients. Truncal
      vagotomy completely abolished gastric acid and pepsin responses to MSF in
      duodenal ulcer patients. Atropine almost completely suppressed gastric acid and
      pepsin responses to MSF in healthy subjects and reduced those in duodenal ulcer
      patients by about 62%. The combination of the modified sham-feeding and
      pentagastrin infusion resulted in augmentation of the acid output in duodenal
      ulcer patients but not in healthy subjects. This study shows that the cephalic
      phase results in a potent gastric acid and pepsin stimulation which is not
      accompanied by any change in serum gastrin concentration either in healthy
      subjects or duodenal ulcer patients and which is abolished by vagotomy and
      suppressed by atropine.

PMID- 391658
TI  - Collagen types and anticollagen-antibodies in Dupuytren's disease.
AB  - The relative proportion of collagen type I and type III in the aponeurosis of
      twenty-four patients with Dupuytren's disease was determined and compared with
      the aponeurosis of normal persons. The presence of considerable amounts of type
      III collagen was found in the Dupuytren's disease patients. The sera of the
      patients were screened for circulating anti-collagen antibodies using a sensitive
      radioimmunoassay. In seven out of the twenty-four patients low concentrations of
      these antibodies were found.

PMID- 391659
TI  - Free groin flap transfer to the upper extremity.
AB  - Seven patients underwent free groin flap transfer to the first web space, palm,
      wrist or elbow. Six of the seven were successful. The seventh developed acute
      venous occlusion and superficial necrosis of part of the flap, receiving split
      thickness skin grafts to salvage the dermal portion. Transfer is offered as an
      alternative to more conventional flaps for coverage of defects of the upper
      extremity.

PMID- 391657
TI  - Controlled trial of cimetidine in upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.
AB  - One hundred and one patients were studied in a double-blind controlled trial to
      assess the role of oral cimetidine in preventing the continuation or recurrence
      of acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage from various sources, chiefly peptic
      ulcer. The dose of cimetidine was 800 mg on entering the study followed by 400 mg
      six hourly. The source of bleeding was identified endoscopically in 96% of
      patients, peptic ulcer comprising 70%. Bleeding continued or recurred in 11 of 51
      (21.5%) of patients on cimetidine and in 12 of 50 (24%) of patients on placebo.
      Analysis of the effect of cimetidine according to age or severity of bleeding
      showed no significant advantage for the drug.

PMID- 391660
TI  - The pattern of hand injury sustained in the overturning motor vehicle.
AB  - This is a review of six patients presenting with severe injuries of the dorsum of
      the hand following motor vehicle accidents. In each case the injury was sustained
      by the hand being trapped between the road and the overturning vehicle. The
      injured hands were either outside the window or passed through the open window at
      the time of the accident. These injuries were all sustained during the summer
      months.

PMID- 391661
TI  - [Primary E. coli peritonitis in nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 391662
TI  - [Medical aspects of lacrimating agents].

PMID- 391663
TI  - [Thrombosis of the subclavian and innominate veins three years before the
      appearance of lung cancer].

PMID- 391664
TI  - [Psoriatic arthritis].

PMID- 391665
TI  - [Immunologic aspects of malnutrition].

PMID- 391666
TI  - [Meningeal carcinomatosis].

PMID- 391667
TI  - [Urological problems in kidney transplantation].

PMID- 391668
TI  - [Estriol values for monitoring pregnancy].

PMID- 391669
TI  - [Principles in the treatment of porphyria].

PMID- 391670
TI  - Studies on fish oogenesis. III. Cytochemical studies on developing oocytes of
      Merluccius.

PMID- 391671
TI  - The mutagenicity of soy bean sauce.

PMID- 391673
TI  - Mutagens in heat-processed meat, bakery and cereal products.

PMID- 391672
TI  - Monographs on fragrance raw materials.

PMID- 391674
TI  - Monographs on fragrance raw materials.

PMID- 391675
TI  - Mutagenicity testing of the urine of rats treated with amaranth.

PMID- 391676
TI  - [Health damage by means of forced smoking].
AB  - Forced smoking (= passive smoking) is not only a molestation but a real health
      risk for nonsmokers. The reasons for this are given in detail by a survey of
      results of the world literature. The main reasons are: In tobacco smoke are more
      than 40 cancerogenic substances which show a clear summative effect in contrast
      to other poisons. Avoidable cancerogens therefore must be eliminated from our
      environment wherever it is possible. There is no reason to make an exception with
      tobacco smoke. Special attention is to be paid to more than a dozen of
      cancerogenic nitrosamines in tobacco smoke. The content of nitrosamines in
      sidestream-smoke is up to fifty times higher than in the main stream of the
      tobacco smoke. Tobacco smoke therefore is the most important source of
      nitrosamines in our environment at all. The cancerogenic effect of passive
      smoking is secured in animal experiments unobjectionably. Passive smoking is the
      most important cause of bronchitis and pneumonia in early childhood and favours
      inflammations of the respiratory tract in older children and in animal
      experiments, etc.

PMID- 391677
TI  - [Bacterial vaginal fluor in intrauterine contraception].
AB  - Vaginal swabs obtained from 100 IUD-users were examined bacteriologically. Fifty
      one women had vaginal discharge and 49 women used as control group had no
      complaints originating either from the IUD or from the genital tract. In the
      group of IUD-users with vaginal discharge the number of bacterial isolates was
      higher and the cultures were more diversified. The nulliparous patients in this
      group exhibited more anaerobic cultures than the IUD-users without discharge. The
      significance of vaginal discharge in IUD-users is its function as a pool for
      pathogenic bacteria which may provoke and/or maintain inflammatory diseases of
      the female genital tract. IUD-users with vaginal discharge do therefore need not
      only bacteriologic diagnosis, but also consequent treatment of the discharge.

PMID- 391679
TI  - [Air microorganisms and the human impact].

PMID- 391680
TI  - [A simple method for the transfer of tomography scan layers to the X-ray film,
      especially in functional neurosurgery (author's transl)].
AB  - The article describes a new method enabling the transfer of CT scan layers to the
      X-ray film with simple means.

PMID- 391678
TI  - [Experiences in the use of Essaven capsules in the treatment of venous leg
      diseases. Results of a double-blind study].
AB  - The efficacy of Essaven-capsules in venous circulatory disorders of the leg was
      assessed under the conditions of everyday general practice in a double blind
      trial including 34 out-patients. During the 4 week-treatment Essaven proved to be
      significantly superior to a placebo of identical appearance as regards the
      parameter pain in the legs, skin lesions, circumference of the ankle, and
      diuretic performance. The dosage was 3 X 2 capsules per day.

PMID- 391681
TI  - [Limits of occlusal rehabilitation with prosthetic devices].

PMID- 391682
TI  - Clinical relevance of experimentally obtained electrophysiologic data on
      antiarrhythmic drugs.
AB  - An extrapolation of electrophysiological findings to a specific clinical
      situation is not always feasible since successful arrhythmia analysis frequently
      is not achieved and even in the presence of a known arrhythmic mechanism, the
      predominant effect of a given antiarrhythmic agent cannot be predicted with
      respect to therapeutic relevance. These assertions are additionally supported by
      the fact that the effects of antiarrhythmic agents, which have been primarily
      studied in healthy myocardium, may be entirely different in the presence of
      myocardial ischemia. Furthermore, in spite of a certain degree of agreement among
      data of experimentally-induced and clinical myocardial ischemia, the findings do
      not imply complete applicability. Theoretical considerations indicate that a
      reentry mechanism may not only be favourable influenced by an agent rendering
      improved conduction velocity and shortened refractory periods but also influenced
      by an agent effecting oppositely directed changes. Although an effective
      therapeutic regimen can generally be achieved with no exact knowledge of the
      arrhythmic mechanism or of the specific action of a given drug, future
      investigations hould augment existing information to yield a more rational means
      of treatment and prevention of arrhythmias as well as to aid in the development
      of new antiarrhythmic agents.

PMID- 391684
TI  - [Aortopulmonary window: external occlusion in the newborn (author's transl)].
AB  - Correction of aortopulmonary window in the newborn infant carries a high
      operative risk. Even later in life operative mortality with or without
      cardiopulmonary bypass may amount to 30% and more. To reduce the operative risk a
      new technique for closure of the aortopulmonary window was employed in 2 infants
      aged 3 and 4 weeks, respectively. With this method the communication is
      externally occluded by 4 or 5 mattress-sutures, buttressed with Dacron strips on
      each side. Both infants underwent emergency operation because of intractable
      heart failure. The postoperative course was uneventful and both were discharged
      from the hospital in good condition.

PMID- 391683
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics of some antiarrhythmic drugs.

PMID- 391685
TI  - Use of catecholamines in acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - We review the hemodynamic effects and clinical usefulness of five natural and
      synthetic catecholamines. Their actions are best understood by an appreciation of
      the relative ability of each catecholamine to activate alpha, beta 1 and beta 2
      adrenergic receptors in the myocardium and peripheral vasculature. Epinephrine,
      the first catecholamine isolated, is shown to have little useful role in the
      therapy of acute myocardial infarction. L-norepinephrine has powerful alpha and
      moderate beta 1 effects. It is the catecholamine of choice in the initial
      treatment of cardiogenic shock associated with acute myocardial infarction.
      Isproterenol markedly increases myocardial contractility and heart rate by beta 1
      stimulation, while simultaneously decreasing peripheral vascular resistance and,
      therefore, arterial pressure through its action on beta 2 receptors. It increases
      cardiac output, but its metabolic costs are high in the presence of ischemia. Its
      role in the therapy of acute myocardial infarction has largely been supplanted by
      more selective agents. Dopamine causes slightly less vasoconstriction than l
      norepinephrine and slightly less myocardial stimulation than isoproterenol. In
      low doses, it increases renal and mesenteric blood flow by activation of a non
      adrenergic receptor. Tachycardia and associated metabolic deterioration render it
      a second-line drug in the treatment of severe cardiogenic shock. Dobutamine, a
      new synthetic catecholamine, has primarily beta 1 activity. It increases
      myocardial contractility with little effect on heart rate or peripheral vascular
      resistance. It is ineffective in cardiogenic shock, but may eventually be shown
      to have a role in the treatment of left ventricular failure uncomplicated by
      severe hypotension.

PMID- 391686
TI  - [Platelet suppressant therapy and oral anticoagulants in the secondary prevention
      of acute myocardial infarction (authors transl)].
AB  - First positive results with platelet suppressant drugs in the secondary
      prevention of acute myocardial infarction have engendered optimism in the medical
      and lay community alike. A review of the subject therefore seems appropriate. In
      the same context a critical reappraisal of the value of long-term anticoagulant
      therapy after acute myocardial infarction appears also warranted. Results with
      platelet suppressant therapy reported so far are favorable; however, they fall
      short from establishing definite proof of the value of such therapy after
      myocardial infarction. Accordingly, limited clinical use of platelet suppressants
      may be justifiable by now; it should be borne in mind, however, that such use at
      the present time still has to be considered experimental. In contrast, there has
      been statistically well-founded evidence that long-term anticoagulant therapy
      lowers the mortality after myocardial infarction. It is true, however, that the
      profit is rather small and that it can be achieved only under rigid control of
      anticoagulant therapy. Therefore the pros and the cons have to be weighed very
      carefully for every individual patient, before long-term therapy with oral
      anticoagulants is started after an acute myocardial infarction. Several large
      clinical studies are close to completion. It is to be hoped that their outcome
      will decide, whether platelet suppressant drugs will entirely replace oral
      anticoagulants in the secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 391687
TI  - [Respiratory distress in the newborn (author's transl)].
AB  - Diseases which manifest with the respiratory distress in the newborn include 1)
      respiratory diseases-IRDS, type II RDS, neonatal asphyxia, and MAS etc. 2)
      anemia, CHD 3) CNS and 4) metabolic diseases. Among these, IRDS has high
      mortality rate because of the lack of the pulmonary surfactant and immaturity of
      respiratory center, and has many difficult problems in terms of its prevention
      and respiratory management. The points of its respiratory management are as
      follows: 1) Estimation of the level of arterial oxygen ation-this is the most
      important point. It has become possible, these days, to monitor continuous
      oxygenation using a transcutaneous oxygen electrode. 2) Knowledge of the
      physiology & management of apnea, and monitoring of heart rate and respiration.
      3) Correction of acidosis & anemia and the nutritional supply by the intraveonous
      fluid administration. 4) Airway maintenance. 5) Oxygen administration to main
      PaO2 or tc PO2 of 60--80 mmHg. 6) Artificial ventilation by CPAP or IMV and 7)
      The specific drug therapy includes indomethacin for PDA associated with IRDS,
      Tolazoline for the fetal circulation syndrome, and Xanthine derivatives for
      primary apnea. 8) However, improvement by exchange transfusion has been contro
      versial. On the other hand, in the type II RDS which has a relatively good
      prognosis, the intact survival can be expected by means of the proper management
      of general condition and respiration. In MAS, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and
      severe asphyxia, the proper resuscitation, oxygen administration should be given
      according to several conditions, especially the degree of hypoxia. The peritoneal
      dialysis can be lifesaving in case of severe renal impairment with RD. As the
      respiratory distress in the newborn is very frequent in its occurrence and death
      rate, its proper management is expected to result in the decrease in the newborn
      death rate in Hokkaido (8.1--6.6 per 1,000 live births) and the increase in the
      survival rate without any handicap, particularly if hospitals in each Hokkaido
      district give the newborn medical care more intensively than at present.

PMID- 391688
TI  - Prolactin: assessment of its role in the human female.

PMID- 391690
TI  - Pregnancy initiation in postpartum estrus in three species of muroid rodents.

PMID- 391689
TI  - Direct effect of corticosterone upon insulin secretion studied by three different
      techniques.
AB  - The immediate effect of corticosterone upon insulin secretion rates estimated by
      three different techniques (perfusior of isolated rat pancreas and perifusion or
      incubation of isolated islets of Langerhans) was studied for one hour. Three
      corticosterone concentrations were used: 0.02, 0.2 or 20 mg/l. With 4.2 mmol/l
      glucose, corticosterone did not affect insulin secretion, whereas, with a
      stimulating glucose concentration (16.7 mmol/l), insulin secretion was inhibited
      by the three corticosterone concentrations tested during incubation experiments,
      and by only the two physiological ones (0.02 and 0.2 mg/l) during islets
      perifusion and pancreas perfusion experiments. Moreover the inhibitory effect
      appeared more rapid with perifused islets than perfused pancreas, where only the
      second insulin secretory phase was disturbed.

PMID- 391691
TI  - A fast-reacting and versatile optokinetic stimulus pattern by computer graphics
      with application examples.

PMID- 391692
TI  - Partial denture design--labial arch bar.

PMID- 391693
TI  - Elucidation of an A and L system for amino acid transport in the human
      lymphoblast using a membrane filtration technique.
AB  - Optimum conditions have been established for the measurement of amino acid
      transport by human lymphoblastoid cell lines using a membrane-filtration
      technique. The parameters we found to be important for the reproducibility of the
      method are: the types and combination of filters, the strength of the vacuum
      applied to the filters and the density of the cultures at the time of harvesting
      and during uptake and filtration. We found that bovine serum albumin added to
      phosphate buffered saline (PBS) glucose in which the cells are washed,
      resuspended and assayed is essential for the maintenance of viability, the
      prevention of clumping and the retention of the accumulated amino acid. Using
      this procedure we have characterized two transport systems for the neutral amino
      acids; an A and an L system, which are similar but not identical to the A and L
      systems characterized in rodent cell lines. These A and L systems have
      characteristically lower Km's and Vm's for alanine and phenylalanine, when
      compared to rodent cell lines. In addition, we find alpha-AIB to be a poor
      competitor of alanine and phenylalanine uptake.

PMID- 391694
TI  - The location of tick salivary antigens, complement and immunoglobulin in the skin
      of guinea-pigs infested with Dermacentor andersoni larvae.
AB  - Using indirect immunoflorescence techniques, tick salivary gland antigens (SGA)
      were demonstrable in cement deposited on the skin by ticks and in all layers of
      the epidermis of infested guinea-pigs close to the sites where ticks attached.
      The antigen remained in these sites for several days after ticks had detached. In
      tick-resistant but not in normal guinea-pigs, SGA, complement and IgG were
      deposited at the dermo-epidermal junction even at some distance from the
      attachment site. Complement was also demonstrable in epidermal vesicles which
      developed beneath larvae attached to resistant guinea-pigs. It is suggested that
      antigen-antibody reaction and complement activation at these sites may play a
      role in the development of skin lesions and the attraction of basophils to these
      areas in challenged tick-resistant guinea-pigs. Tick antigens were also found to
      be associated with dendritic suprabasal cells in the epidermis of resistant
      guinea-pigs. It has previously been proposed that such SGA-trapping cells are
      Langerhans cells. These cells, in the presence of specific antibody and
      complement, could also initiate epidermal lesions in resistant guinea-pigs.

PMID- 391695
TI  - In situ formation of antigen-antibody complexes in the mouse glomerulus.
AB  - Intravenous administration of heat-aggregated bovine serum albumin (BSA) to mice
      resulted in localization of micro-particulate BSA in the mesangial region of the
      glomerulus. Subsequent intravenous administration of rabbit anti-BSA antibody at
      a time when no free antigen remained in the circulation produced localization of
      antibody and fixation of mouse complement within the glomerulus in a pattern
      corresponding to that of the heat-aggregated BSA. This apparent in situ formation
      of immune complexes in the glomerulus is similar to that of the classical Arthus
      phenomenon in the skin.

PMID- 391696
TI  - Suppressed or enhanced antibody responses in vitro after BCG treatment of mice:
      importance of BCG viability.
AB  - Mycobacterium bovis, BCG, is known to be capable of either enhancing or
      suppressing various immune responses. Using a standard technique and number of
      organisms, some of the parameters predetermining whether enhancement or
      supression will occur have been investigated. Dead BCG given intravenously into
      mice caused an enhancement of the antibody response in vitro to sheep
      erythrocytes. In contrast, the same number of viable organisms caused suppression
      if given intravenously but enhancement if given subcutaneously. The inclusion of
      25% or more killed organisms in an intravenous inoculum of fully viable organisms
      changed suppression to enhancement. Treatment of BCG infected mice with
      streptomycin lessened the suppression but did not change it to enhancement. The
      possible causes of suppression are discussed.

PMID- 391697
TI  - The immune response of mice to bacterial antigens given by mouth.
AB  - The secretory and systemic antibody responses to oral dead Escherichia coli were
      examined in A strain mice. The best responses were obtained in mice dosed with 1
      x 10(10) bacteria. Orally immunized animals showed an enhanced response to
      subsequent parenteral immunization with somatic antigens. This effect could be
      passively transferred with serum. In contrast, the response to the capsular
      antigen K88 was reduced in the same animals.

PMID- 391698
TI  - The binding of LPS to the lymphocyte surface.
AB  - Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli labelled with tritium
      has been used to follow the binding of LPS to lymphocytes. Binding to cells rose
      to a maximum 2-7 min after addition of [3H]-LPS, followed by loss of [3H]-LPS
      from cells, reducing to about 10% of the peak level at 20-30 min. Peripheral
      blood lymphocytes, mesenteric lymph node and thymus cells of the pig and CBA,
      C3H/He and C3H/HeJ mouse spleen cells all bound [3H]-LPS transiently at similar
      levels. It is concluded that this type of LPS binding cannot be solely
      responsible for the preferential stimulation of B cells by LPS.

PMID- 391699
TI  - Specific suppression of delayed hypersensitivity response to sheep erythrocytes
      by heterologous anti-lymphocyte serum.
AB  - The development of a heterologous anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS) capable of
      specifically suppressing the delayed hypersensitivity (DH) response is reported.
      This ALS, termed ALS(CMI), was prepared against lymph node cells from rats which
      had been immunized against sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) following treatment with
      cyclophosphamide which is known to enhance the DH response and suppress the
      humoral immune response. The effect of ALS(CMI) on the primary DH response to
      SRBC using the footpad swelling test was studied. Its effect on the primary
      humoral immune response to SRBC was also studied using the Jerne plaque assay
      technique. ALS(CMI) suppressed the humoral antibody response to SRBC and the DH
      response to a third party antigen only when administered before the antigen,
      having no effect when administered post-antigenically. On the other hand,
      ALS(CMI) significantly suppressed the primary DH response to SRBC when
      administered either before or after the antigen.

PMID- 391700
TI  - Studies on cell interactions using a micromethod for growing T-lymphocyte
      colonies in agar culture.

PMID- 391701
TI  - Anti-DNP antibody responses to DNP-histone H1 in mice.
AB  - Anti-DNP antibody responses to DNP-histone H1 in C3H/HeN mice were not suppressed
      by in vivo treatment with carrageenan in which many phagocytic macrophages were
      presumed to be impaired. Rather higher antibody responses to this antigen were
      observed in athymic nude mice than in heterozygous nude mice. Further, non
      adherent spleen-cell and T-cell depleted spleen cells induced in vitro anti-DNP
      antibody responses to DNP-histone H1 to the same extent as normal spleen cells.
      These results suggest that anti-DNP antibody responses to DNP-histone H1 are
      macrophage- and thymus-independent. It was also observed that IgG-type anti-DNP
      antibodies to DNP-histone H1 were produced although most thymus-independent
      antigens were shown to induce predominantly IgM type antibodies but little, if
      any, IgG type antibodies. Furthermore, histone H1 did not show any polyclonal B
      cell activator activities in contrast to many other thymus-independent antigens
      which act as polyclonal B-cell activators.

PMID- 391702
TI  - Acinetobacter and E. coli lipopolysaccharide preparations comparative
      mitogenicity and induction in vitro of immunoglobulin synthesis in adult and
      neonatal pig lymphocytes.
AB  - Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was prepared by phenol/water extraction of bacterial
      membranes prepared from Acinetobacter and Escherichia coli. The mitogenicity of
      laboratory-prepared LPS was significantly greater than that of commercial E. coli
      LPS for pig, sheep, calf and rat lymphocytes, assayed as [3H]-thymidine
      incorporation. Mouse lymphocytes responded well to commercial LPS and no greater
      response was obtained with other LPS preparations. A small proportion (14%) of
      the Acinetobacter LPS preparations was soluble in aqueous medium, the remainder
      comprising membraneous fragments of variable form and size. It is suggested that
      the insoluble presentation of LPS to cells may contribute to the improved
      mitogenicity compared with wholly soluble LPS. Acinetobacter LPS preparations
      were used to induce synthesis and secretion in vitro of immunoglobulin by adult
      blood lymphocytes and pre-suckled, neonatal spleen cells of the pig. IgM was the
      dominant class of immunoglobulin secreted. This work thus demonstrated that
      virgin, unprimed B cells could be induced into immunoglobulin secretion by
      mitogen stimulation.

PMID- 391703
TI  - Delayed hypersensitivity to Staphylococcus aureus in mice: in vitro responses to
      isolated Staphylococcal antigens.

PMID- 391704
TI  - Changes occurring on the surface of mouse T cells during concanavalin A-induced
      lymphoblastic transformation.

PMID- 391705
TI  - MHC restriction of murine T lymphocyte reactivity analysed by growth of bone
      marrow cells in vitro on thymus epithelial monolayers.
AB  - Mature mouse T lymphocytes, derived from long-term culture of bone marrow cells
      on thymus epithelial monolayers, were analysed with respect to their ability to
      co-operate with B cells (for antibody production) or T cells (in the generation
      of cytotoxic cells) when the bone marrow T precursor cells and the thymus
      epithelial cells differ at defined regions of the major histocompatibility
      complex. A pool of more mature bone marrow T-cell precursors gave rise to T cells
      interacting only with T/B lymphocytes sharing MHC determinants with the strain of
      origin of the bone marrow cells used. In contrast, a more immature bone marrow T
      cell precursor pool produced T lymphocytes which had acquired MHC restriction (in
      terms of co-operativity with T/B cells) as defined by the MHC determinants of the
      thymus epithelium, and not those MHC determinants of the cultured bone marrow
      population. In addition, some evidence was obtained for Ir gene control (mapping
      in the MHC region) in the development of the repertoire of T cells involved in
      production of cytotoxic responses in vitro to TNP-modified self antigens.

PMID- 391706
TI  - Effect of sex hormones on gastric acid, pepsin & mucus secretion in rabbits.

PMID- 391707
TI  - High titres of hepatitis B surface antigen in renal transplant recipients and
      patients on chronic haemodialysis.

PMID- 391708
TI  - Genetic characterization of the resistance plasmid of a prototype Salmonella
      newport.

PMID- 391709
TI  - Haemoglobin A2 in malaria.

PMID- 391710
TI  - Plasma specific gravity and haematocrit values as indices of the degree of
      dehydration in infantile diarrhoea.

PMID- 391711
TI  - Central vein thrombosis: a complication of internal jugular vein cannulation.
AB  - Clinical signs of central vein thrombosis as a complication of internal jugular
      vein cannulation are rarely seen. Two infants who developed thrombosis of the
      superior vena cava and one adult who developed thrombosis of the left
      brachiocephalic vein are presented.

PMID- 391712
TI  - ["Old new" problem of the lues risk in transfusion medicine: the effect of the
      serum and ACD stabilizer at different temperatures on the infectiosity of
      Treponema pallidium (Nichols strain)].
AB  - The portion of warm and fresh blood transfusions had increased obviously. This is
      accompanied by a decrease of the restrictive period of the former 72 and the
      presently 48 hours for blood units to be transfused. Therefore, the danger of a
      symphilis transmitted by transfusion is impending again. This is realized
      insufficiently and the syphilis may occur, if blood is drawn in the seronegative
      phase of the primary stage of syphilis and transfused within the restrictive
      period. Model trials on the infectivity of Treponema pallidum revealed that the
      syphilis cannot be transmitted by blood and its derivates drawn in the
      seronegative phase after storage at 4 degrees C for 24 hours. Therefore, the
      reduction of the restrictive period to 48 hours is justified.

PMID- 391713
TI  - Experience with 1000 potential cadaveric renal donors.

PMID- 391714
TI  - Kidney donation--where some of the problems lie.
AB  - If a viable kidney transplant programme is to be continued on a national basis,
      many of the problems at present surrounding organ transplantation must be tackled
      urgently. This paper discusses the psychological and emotional problems which are
      presently seen to hinder a successful renal transplantation policy, and considers
      the relative advantages and disadvantages of the kidney donor card scheme.

PMID- 391715
TI  - Aid, first and foremost: a brief outline history of the St John Ambulance
      Association and Brigade.

PMID- 391717
TI  - [Relapse problem after prognathic surgery].

PMID- 391716
TI  - Open fractures of the shaft of the tibia: analysis of wound and fracture
      treatment.
AB  - Cooperation between orthopaedic and plastic surgeons is an important factor in
      the treatment of open fractures. In this article a report is made on a
      retrospective study of a 5-year series of open fractures of the shaft of the
      tibia treated at the University Hospital in Uppsala between 1972 and 1976. The
      study proves that the change to external fixation of these fractures and 'open'
      treatment of the wounds has meant that to a large extent the previous use of
      pedicle flaps to cover skin defects has been replaced by split skin grafts. The
      results in the reported series were good, with adequate function in most cases.
      The final results may, however, be less good than they appeared at this early
      review time.

PMID- 391718
TI  - [Changes in the incisal area in relationship to the change of the lower lateral
      incisors].

PMID- 391719
TI  - Etiology and pathophysiology of malignant hyperthermia.
AB  - MH occurs in people who have a generalized membrane abnormality. Two clinical
      myopathies are known to be associated with this membrane defect. One is usually
      subclinical and is inherited as a mendelian dominant characteristic. The other
      occurs in boys who have a number of striking physical abnormalities, and is
      inherited as a recessive trait. When the abnormal muscle cell membrane is exposed
      to anesthetic agents such as halothane or succinylcholine there is a rapid,
      excessive release of calcium into the myoplasm. The raised myoplasmic calcium
      concentration leads to all the clinical features of the syndrome, predominant
      among which are: metabolic acidosis, a rise in body temperature, and rigidity-
      particularly in the muscles of the limbs. The exact site and nature of the lesion
      in the muscle cell membrane are still to be determined, but recent evidence
      suggests that it may lie in the E-C coupling mechanism. Understanding of the
      pathophysiology of MH has led to the development of an appropriate drug treatment
      for this syndrome, the aim of which is to restore the elevated myoplasmic calcium
      level to normal. Dantrolene sodium promises to be the most effective drug in
      achieving this result.

PMID- 391720
TI  - Epidemiology and inheritance of malignant hyperthermia.

PMID- 391721
TI  - Porcine malignant hyperthermia.

PMID- 391722
TI  - Preanesthetic diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia.

PMID- 391723
TI  - The problems of generations: and generational analysis.
AB  - The focus of this paper is two fold: 1. conceptual and methodological problems
      underlying the life-span sociology literature that heretofore have not been
      discussed; and 2. application of the generational analysis model to the question
      of life cycle change in personal values. Specifically, we address the issues of
      whether (1) value change over the life course is a result of period shifts or
      individual maturation and (2) differences in values among age strata are a
      function of cohort experience or individual maturation (aging). Utilizing data
      from the Detroit Area Studies, four measures of values were constructed. The
      analyses shows that on only one of the four dependent measures was aging directly
      implicated in the findings. However, cohort differences and period effects were
      found to have a significant effect on the distribution of several of the value
      indices. The data are consistent with Mannheim's observation that older cohorts
      are affected by social change although the relative degree of observed change is
      much greater among the young.

PMID- 391724
TI  - Charles Dickens' old people.
AB  - Charles Dickens, rare among authors of any period, presented a host of elderly
      and old characters in his novels and stories. More than 120 such characters were
      identified, distributed among four levels of involvement (protagonist to minor
      role) and six categories of behavior (warm and sympathetic to villainous and
      threatening). The two-thirds male, one-third female characters tended to be
      concentrated at the minor, rather than major, levels of involvement in plots, but
      they represented a great range of behavior. Dickens' old people were fully
      engaged in life and society and were not age-stereotyped.

PMID- 391725
TI  - The evolution of Western legal consciousness.

PMID- 391726
TI  - Politics, power and psychiatry: a review of L'Ordre psychiatrique: l'age d'or de
      l'alienisme by Robert Castel.

PMID- 391727
TI  - Minimal side-chain protection can be a successful strategy in solid-phase peptide
      synthesis.
AB  - The N-terminal tyrosine residue of Met-enkephalin could be readily incorporated
      without protection of its phenolic hydroxylgroup. Furthermore, the HF-cleaved
      product contained fewer impurities than that derived from hydroxyl-protected
      material. Despite the presence of Tyr in the center of the chain, an LH-RH
      antagonist, [D-Phe2, D-Trp3, D-Phe6]-LH-RH, could also be made in normal yield by
      incorporation of free Boc-Tyr. Syntheses of the same model peptide without
      protection of the Ser residue and protection of the Arg residue as the guanidine
      HCl salt also gave excellent yields of analog. Finally, the LH-RH inhibitor and a
      highly active agonist, [D-Leu6, desGly-NH2(10)]-LH-RH ethylamide, were
      synthesized without protection of Tyr, Ser and Arg, which enabled free peptides
      to be generated directly by ammonolysis and ethylaminolysis, respectively,
      without HF treatment. In all examples, no evidence emerged to suggest reaction of
      side-chains during synthesis.

PMID- 391728
TI  - A sketch of E.J.'s personality.

PMID- 391729
TI  - Ernest Jones: the bonny fighter.

PMID- 391730
TI  - The contributions of Ernest Jones to the British Psycho-Analytical Society.

PMID- 391731
TI  - Personal memories of Ernest Jones.

PMID- 391733
TI  - I.J.O. Personalities.

PMID- 391732
TI  - Ernest Jones: founder of the American Psychoanalytic Association.

PMID- 391734
TI  - Intraocular lenses and the Food and Drug Administration: regulation amid
      controversy.

PMID- 391735
TI  - Intraocular lens implantation from Ridley to the present: my 25 years'
      experience.

PMID- 391736
TI  - Retinal detachments and intraocular lenses.
AB  - 1. Increasingly more patients with PPRD are seen. A retinal detachment can occur
      after any type of implant or cataract extraction. 2. The pseudophakic patient is
      better equipped than the aphakic patient to recognize symptoms of a retinal
      detachment, and most PPRDs are seen soon after they occur. 3. Visual access to
      the retina is sometimes decreased. The IOL requires more precautions. Hazy media
      and lens remnants are a major handicap, and the examination is more difficult and
      time-consuming. 4. Characteristic pseudophakogenic retinal changes or breaks are
      not obvious. Retinal tears are small and located near the ora serrata retinae. 5.
      When the breaks are found, the lengthy examination can be followed by a simple
      scleral buckle with minimal insult to the eye. When the breaks are not found, the
      treatment is extensive. 6. The anatomical and visual results are comparable to
      results of other rhegmatogeneous retinal detachments.

PMID- 391737
TI  - Pseudophakia and keratoplasty: effect of the intraocular lens on the corneal
      graft.

PMID- 391738
TI  - Intracapsular versus extracapsular cataract methods.

PMID- 391739
TI  - Implant surgery in children.

PMID- 391740
TI  - Do diploid fibroblasts in culture age?

PMID- 391741
TI  - Urinary tract epithelial cells cultured from human urine.

PMID- 391742
TI  - Studies of aging in cultured nervous system tissue.

PMID- 391743
TI  - Thyroid cells in culture.

PMID- 391744
TI  - Nonreplicating cultures of frog gastric tubular cells.

PMID- 391745
TI  - The role of terminal differentiation in the finite culture lifetime of the human
      epidermal keratinocyte.

PMID- 391746
TI  - Long-term lymphoid cell cultures.

PMID- 391748
TI  - Cultured vascular endothelial cells as a model system for the study of cellular
      senescence.

PMID- 391747
TI  - Type II alveolar pneumonocytes in vitro.

PMID- 391750
TI  - Chondrocytes in aging research.

PMID- 391749
TI  - Vascular smooth muscle cells for studies of cellular aging in vitro; an
      examination of changes in structural cell lipids.

PMID- 391751
TI  - Therapy resistant depressions.

PMID- 391752
TI  - Historical development of somatic therapies in affective disorders.

PMID- 391753
TI  - The clinical and psychological effects of pemoline in depressed patients--a
      controlled study.
AB  - The clinical and psychological effects of pemoline were compared with placebo in
      a double-blind study of 20 depressed patients. Target symptoms were disturbances
      of concentration and memory, tension, depression, fatigue, decreased libido,
      anorexia and insomnia. The two groups were matched for their clinical picture,
      age, sex, and duration of illness. During the three-week study period the
      pemoline group received 50 mg daily. Significant differences in some clinical
      symptoms were found between the groups, but not in the performance of
      psychological tests, administered before and after the three-week study period.
      These differences proved the effectiveness of pemoline in combating symptoms of
      disturbances in concentration, memory, tension, depression and fatigue.

PMID- 391754
TI  - [Treatment of lithium tremor with the beta receptor blocker, pindolol].
AB  - In a cross-over study with Pindolol, 15 mg/day, against placebo, we studied
      during 4 weeks 22 patients aged between 20 and 65 years who where treated by
      means of lithium carbonate retard (Quilonum Retard). The tremor was measured
      twice a week by means of three apparative methods: an accelerometer, a 'hole
      plate' and an 'aimed tapping plate', both constructed by Janke, and was also
      studied by means of a self-evaluation rating-scale. We obtained a positive
      therapeutic effect of Pindolol on lithium-induced tremor, which was statistically
      significant by means of the 'hole-plate' and of self-evaluation. Differences in
      results are discussed.

PMID- 391755
TI  - Microtubule assembly and nucleation.

PMID- 391756
TI  - Cells and senescence.

PMID- 391757
TI  - Follicular atresia in the ovaries of nonmammalian vertebrates.

PMID- 391758
TI  - Hypothalamic neuroanatomy: steroid hormone binding and patterns of axonal
      projections.

PMID- 391759
TI  - An enzyme profile of the nuclear envelope.

PMID- 391760
TI  - Functional aspects of satellite DNA and heterochromatin.

PMID- 391761
TI  - Determination of subcellular elemental concentration through ultrahigh resolution
      electron microprobe analysis.

PMID- 391762
TI  - The chromaffin granule and possible mechanisms of exocytosis.

PMID- 391763
TI  - The Golgi apparatus, the plasma membrane, and functional integration.

PMID- 391764
TI  - The subfornical organ.

PMID- 391765
TI  - Survey of impression materials and techniques in Iowa.

PMID- 391766
TI  - Dental care for the elderly and Title XIX patients in Iowa.

PMID- 391767
TI  - The role of alpha-ketoaldehydes in biological systems.

PMID- 391768
TI  - [Importance of the plasma membrane for epidermal regulation processes].
AB  - In this review the general structure and the properties of the plasma membrane
      are described with respect to the recent findings on the membrane of the
      keratinocyte. A structural and functional model of the plasma membrane of the
      keratinocyte is proposed based on biochemical, electron microscopic and
      fluorescence microscopic findings. The plasma membrane is obviously involved in
      the control of intercellular adhesion, growth and differentiation of normal
      epidermal cells. Under pathological conditions an alteration of the plasma
      membrane of the keratinocyte may affect the intercellular communication and/or
      the cellular control by mediators.

PMID- 391769
TI  - [In memoriam Wolf-Dietrich Wittels, 1921--1979].

PMID- 391770
TI  - [Specificity of the TPHA test].

PMID- 391771
TI  - Investment decision making in the health care industry: the future.
AB  - The economic and political environment in which providers of health care will
      operate during the 1980s will continue to be increasingly restrictive. Any
      private-sector organization's long-run survival depends directly on the quality
      of its investment decisions, broadly defined. This decision making will require
      three major innovations if private sector health care providers are to survive:
      1) traditional biases about the economics of not-for-profit entities must be
      abandoned; 2) standard data, procedures, and personnel from the accounting
      discipline must be supplemented with information, methodologies, and people from
      the discipline of corporate finance; and 3) economic and fiscal risk must be
      measured and incorporated into both investment decisions and interactions with
      external regulators. Practitioners can begin to implement these innovations
      immediately. Although substantial literature exists developing all these concepts
      generally and applying them to for-profit settings, the literature purporting to
      treat investment decision making for private-sector health care providers is, on
      average, replete with conceptual error, simplistic thinking, erroneous
      applications, and out-of-date methodologies. The literature is, in a word,
      horrid. Authors, both practitioner and academic, should stop writing terrible
      books and booklike periodicals for easy royalty dollars, and, instead, pursue
      sound applied research and disseminate their results in classrooms and in
      refereed journals.

PMID- 391772
TI  - Transportation or CT scanners: a theory and method of health resources
      allocation.
AB  - Cost containment and access to appropriate care are the two most frequently
      discussed issues in contemporary health policy. Conceiving of the health services
      available in specific regions as "packages" of diverse items, the authors of this
      article consider the economic trade-offs among the various resources needed for
      appropriate care. In the discussion that follows, we examine the trade-offs
      between two divergent offering of the health care system: high technology
      medicine and support services. Specifically, we examine several strategies
      designed to achieve an optimal mix of investments in CT scanners and
      transportation resources in the South Chicago region. Using linear programming as
      a method for examining these options, the authors found that 1) the proper
      location of CT scanners is as important for cost containment as optimal number,
      and 2) excess capacity in the utilization of a single resource--CT scanners--need
      not imply inefficiency in the overall delivery of the service. These findings
      help demonstrate the importance of viewing health care as a package of
      interrelated services, both for achieving cost containment and for providing
      access to appropriate care.

PMID- 391773
TI  - Successful indomethacin treatment of two paediatric patients with severe
      tubulopathies. A boy with an unusual hypercalciuria and a girl with cystinosis.
AB  - Two children were followed for severe congenital tubulopathies: a boy presented
      an excessive sodium, calcium and water excretion; a girl had cystinosis and a De
      Toni-Debre-Fanconi syndrome. These renal defects were both associated with
      increased levels of plasma renin activity and aldosterone, and excessive urinary
      PGE1 production. They had been unresponsive to therapeutic attempts. Only
      indomethacin treatment was successful in reversing the biochemical abnormalities
      and improving the growth pattern.

PMID- 391774
TI  - Effects of metabolic inhibitors on insulin release and 45Ca uptake induced by the
      D-glucose anomers in the pancreatic islets.

PMID- 391775
TI  - In vivo diffusion chamber culture of blood mononuclear cells from the patient
      with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 391776
TI  - Fluorescent colloidal gold: a cytochemical marker for fluorescent and electron
      microscopy.
AB  - The gold method was further developed for fluorescent microscopy. Gold granules
      (12 nm in size) were labelled with rhodamine conjugates of Concanavalin A and
      avidin. The fluorescent markers were used to mark cell wall mannan on the yeast
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae either by the one-step, or by the two-step method via a
      biotinyl derivative of ConA. By fluorescence or transmission electron microscopy,
      the two-step method was found to achieve a higher density of marking.

PMID- 391777
TI  - The avian proventriculus is an abundant source of endocrine cells with bombesin
      like immunoreactivity.
AB  - Radioimmunoassays using specific bombesin antisera revealed high concentrations
      of immunoreactivity in the turkey proventriculus, and negligible amounts of
      activity elsewhere in the gut. In immunohistochemical studies the same antisera
      revealed abundant endocrine-like cells in proventriculus mucosa, and isolated
      cells in small intestinal mucosa. In contrast to the rat, immunoreactivity was
      not demonstrated in nerves.

PMID- 391778
TI  - Metastatic potential of malignant tumours.
AB  - The term 'metastatic potential' is examined, together with some of the factors
      that may contribute to it. The evidence is drawn from clinical and experimental
      sources. Morphological factors include the site of the tumour, its size,
      histological appearances and pattern of local spread. The scope and limitations
      of each are discussed and the potential application of newer morphological
      techniques is noted. Certain non-morphological factors are considered: these are
      (1) the functional heterogeneity of tumour cell populations with resepct to the
      metastatic capacity; (2) the elaboration of certain tumour-associated products
      which may potentiate tumour spread; and (3) immunological factors in the form of
      local host cell infiltrates in and around primary tumours. The tumour-associated
      products include collagenases, prostaglandins and angiogenesis factor; their
      likely origin from tumour and host cells is stressed, together with their
      implications in physiological and pathological processes other than neoplasia. It
      is concluded that the metastatic potential of tumours cannot be assessed in the
      terms of conventional tumour pathology alone. A more functional approach is
      needed before the term 'metastatic potential' acquires solid conceptual or
      practical value.

PMID- 391779
TI  - A review of histiocytosis X with particular reference to eosinophilic granuloma
      of the lung.
AB  - Electron microscopy confirms the unity of Histiocytosis X (HX) by identifying a
      common marker organelle in all three forms of the disease (acute disseminated HX
      or Letterer-Siwe disease; chronic disseminated HX or Hand-Schuller-Christian
      disease; localized HX or eosinophilic granuloma). The marker organelle of HX is
      also found in normal Langerhans' cells: these mononuclear cells are distinct from
      macrophages but are similarly concerned in antigen transport. HX may therefore be
      considered to represent a pathological proliferation of Langerhans' cells. The
      natural history and the clinical, radiological and pathological features of
      primary pulmonary HX (eosinophilic granuloma of the lungs) are described,
      together with the differential diagnoses which must be considered by the
      histopathologist.

PMID- 391780
TI  - Cancer cachexia in man: a review.
AB  - There are many factors which are responsible for the high incidence of cachexia
      in human neoplasia. In this review, those considered to be of major importance
      are discussed. Nutritional disturbances, such as anorexia and malabsorption, are
      common and nutritional repletion may be beneficial to certain patients. Raised
      metabolic rate and energy expenditure are also encountered. Tumour cells may act
      as a nitrogen trap or energy sink, but the significance of these mechanisms in
      man is questionable. Ectopic hormone production by tumours is well established
      and a number of tumour-derived substances have been described which interfere
      with the intermediary metabolism of the host. The significance of these various
      substances also remains uncertain. Most experimental studies of cancer cachexia
      have utilized transplantable animal tumour models which bear a poor resemblance
      to the clinical condition. Development of more suitable models with human tumour
      xenografts might allow a quicker and better understanding of the aetiologies of
      human cancer-induced cachexia.

PMID- 391781
TI  - Mucins in the human gastrointestinal epithelium: a review.

PMID- 391783
TI  - [Aetiology and management of vertigo (author's transl)].

PMID- 391782
TI  - Pregnancy proteins: a review.
AB  - Pregnancy proteins can be conveniently divided into three groups, the so-called
      trophoblast-specific, the pregnancy-associated and the foetal proteins. In this
      review we have attempted to outline the physicochemical properties and clinical
      value of the pregnancy-specific and pregnancy-associated proteins in the
      monitoring of feto-placental function and malignant disease. Where possible, we
      have tried to indicate areas of future development.

PMID- 391784
TI  - [The emperor Nero as an example of the actor and singer in ancient Rome (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The question of what importance the human voice had as a means of expression in
      the Roman Empire and how orators, actors and singers trained and developed their
      voices can be seen in the example of the Emperor Nero (37--68 AD). The historians
      of late antiquity (in particular, Sueton and Tacitus) reported a deeper insight
      into Nero's complex personality. As a result, a number of details are known about
      his training as an artist as these relate to his appearance in public as an actor
      and singer. These findings can also be regarded as characteristic for the epoch
      of the time.

PMID- 391785
TI  - Subcutaneous mastectomy.

PMID- 391786
TI  - A physiological and subjective evaluation of neutral and emotionally-charged
      words for meditation. Part III.

PMID- 391788
TI  - Psychic glossary--letter P.

PMID- 391787
TI  - The hypnotic induction of the void. Part III.

PMID- 391789
TI  - Nonacademic influences on education of the veterinarian in the United States,
      1887-1921.

PMID- 391790
TI  - Cryptococcosis in a male Beccari's crowned pigeon.

PMID- 391791
TI  - Analytical psychology in England.

PMID- 391792
TI  - Commonly used methods of analysis for tin in foods.

PMID- 391793
TI  - Double bonds, aliphatic chains, and hallucinogens, updated.

PMID- 391794
TI  - Contrasting illness and behavioral models for the treatment of autistic children:
      a historical perspective.

PMID- 391795
TI  - Resistance plasmids in Pseudomonas cepacia 4G9.
AB  - Pseudomonas cepacia 4G9 utilizes 2-tridecanone as its sole carbon source and has
      been shown to be resistant to a variety of antibiotics. To ascertain whether any
      of these characteristics were plasmid mediated, Escherichia coli HB101 was
      transformed with plasmid DNA isolated from Pseudomonas cepacia 4G9. No 2
      tridecanone-utilizing transformants were obtained. Tetracycline (Tc)- and
      ampicillin (Ap)- resistant transformants were obtained at a low frequency.
      Plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid from antibiotic-resistant E. coli HB101
      transformants had molecular weights of 2.9 x 10(6) for pJW2 Tcr and 5.4 x 10(6)
      for pJW3 Apr as determined by electron microscopy. Electron microscopy of plasmid
      deoxyribonucleic acid from P. cepacia 4G9 revealed a single plasmid species, pJW1
      of 1.78 x 10(6). Tetracycline resistance in both P. cepacia 4G9 and E. coli
      HB101(pJW2) was inducible, whereas ampicillin resistance in P. cepacia 4G9 was
      constitutive. The level of ampicillin resistance coded by pJW3 was lower in P.
      cepacia 4G9 than in the transformant E. coli HB101(pJW3).

PMID- 391796
TI  - Ploidy determination of Canadida albicans.
AB  - The dimorphic yeast Candida albicans, as a member of the fungi imperfecti, has
      been assumed to be in the haploid, or imperfect, state. The deoxyribonucleic acid
      content of this species has been measured by flow microfluorometry, a technique
      capable of analyzing single cells. These results were compared with flow
      microfluorometric deoxyribonucleic acid determinations on a series of strains of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae of known ploidy (haploid, diploid, triploid, and
      tetraploid). These ploidy levels were readily distinguished by the flow
      microfluorometry procedure. By this criterion, C. albicans was found to contain a
      diploid amount of deoxyribonucleic acid. Ultraviolet radiation survival and
      chemical mutagenesis experiments support the conclusion that both clinically
      isolated and laboratory strains of C. albicans are diploid.

PMID- 391798
TI  - Hyaluronic acid capsule: strategy for oxygen resistance in group A streptococci.
AB  - Unencapsulated variants of encapsulated, M-protein-positive group A streptococci
      are oxygen sensitive and secrete inhibitory concentrations of hydrogen peroxide
      when grown in aerated broth cultures. The organisms were equally sensitive to
      hydrogen peroxide, and neither exhibited catalase or peroxidase activity,
      suggesting that differences in oxygen sensitivity reflect dissimilarity in oxygen
      uptake. The encapsulated parental culture was found to grow in aggregates that
      take up oxygen more slowly than unencapsulated, oxygen-sensitive derivatives.
      Moreover, the latter grow in an unaggregated, homogenous suspension. The enzyme
      hyaluronidase was able to disrupt aggregates of the encapsulated strain increase
      the rate that these cells take up oxygen, and cause the accumulation of toxic
      concentrations of hydrogen peroxide earlier in their growth cycle. The evidence
      presented shows that the aggregation of streptococcal cells by their hyaluronic
      acid capsule provides this organism with a novel means to avoid self-destruction
      by oxygen metabolites--cells are shielded from oxygen. The reduced surface-to
      volume ratio and limited diffusion of oxygen into the interior of aggregates are
      proposed as the protective mechanism.

PMID- 391797
TI  - Interaction of bacteriophage T4 with reconstituted cell envelopes of Escherichia
      coli K-12.
AB  - The interaction with bacteriophage T4 of the cell surface of Escherichia coli K
      12 reconstituted from outer membrane protein O-8, lipopolysaccharide, and the
      lipoprotein-bearing peptidoglycan sacculus was studied. The reconstituted cell
      surface was active as a receptor for the phage, resulting in the contraction of
      the tail sheath, a morphological change in the base plate which was accompanied
      by the extension of short tail pins down to the cell surface and the penetration
      of the needle through the cell surface. However, the ejection of phage
      deoxyribonucleic acid did not take place. Both O-8 and lipopolysaccharide were
      essential for the interaction. In the reconstitution, the wild-type
      lipopolysaccharide could not be replaced by either heptoseless lipopolysaccharide
      or lipid A. The lipoprotein-bearing peptidoglycan sacculus was also found to be
      an active component for the phage adsorption. The sacculus most likely functioned
      as a basal framework on which O-8 and lipopolysaccharide assembled to form a flat
      sheet which is large enough to interact with individual distal ends of long tail
      fibers of a single phage particle.

PMID- 391799
TI  - Existence of the bound form of prolipoprotein in Escherichia coli B cells treated
      with globomycin.
AB  - A murein-bound form of prolipoprotein was found in the cell envelope fraction of
      globomycin-treated Escherichia coli B. We suggest therefore that proteolytic
      cleavage of prolipoprotein to mature lipoprotein is not essential for the
      transpeptidation of the lipoprotein to peptidoglycan.

PMID- 391800
TI  - Direction of deoxyribonucleic acid transfer and replication in a derivative of
      plasmid R100-1.
AB  - The site of integration and the molecular orientation of a prophage Mu integrated
      within the resistance transfer factor component of plasmid R100-1 have been
      determined on the physical map of the plasmid. This allowed us (i) to determine
      the direction of deoxyribonucleic acid transfer from oriT during conjugation and
      (ii) to demonstrate the unidirectionality of replication in conditions of
      exponential growth (by determining the strand preference of Mu-specific Okazaki
      fragments).

PMID- 391801
TI  - Hybrid tryptophan synthase beta 2 proteins: apparent conservation of the beta
      beta binding region of the beta monomer among enteric bacteria.
AB  - Purified borohydride-reduced tryptophan synthase beta 2 protein (EC 4.2.1.20)
      from Escherichia coli and purified native beta 2 protein from Serratia marcescens
      were mixed and dissociated in urea. Removal of the urea resulted in random
      reassociation of the reduced and native beta monomers, forming interspecies
      hybrid beta 2 molecules. Interspecies hybrid beta 2 protein molecules of the
      reciprocal composition were also formed. Interspecies hybrid reconstituted
      molecules were formed with approximately the same efficiency as intraspecies
      reconstituted molecules (reduced and native monomers from the same species)
      indicating no particular preference for reassembly. The data provide evidence
      that the structural region of interaction between the beta monomers necessary for
      dimerization is highly conserved in the enzymes from the two organisms examined.

PMID- 391802
TI  - Influence of molecular size and osmolarity of sugars and dextrans on the
      synthesis of outer membrane proteins O-8 and O-9 of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Supplementation of the growth medium with high concentrations of sugars or low
      molecular-weight dextrans results in a drastic change in the ratio of outer
      membrane proteins O-8 and O-9, due to induction of O-8 synthesis and suppression
      of O-9 synthesis. Sugars and dextrans of molecular weights greater than 600 to
      700 switched the synthesis of O-9 to that of O-8 more effectively than those of
      lower molecular weight, although the effect was almost the same within each of
      the two groups irrespective of the differences in molecular weight within the
      group. Proteins O-8 or O-9, or both, are responsible for the formation of pores
      that allow the passive diffusion of hydrophilic molecules whose molecular weights
      are smaller than about 600 (T. Nakae, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 71:877-884,
      1976). The results indicate that substances that cannot pass through the outer
      membrane switch the synthesis of O-9 to that of O-8 more effectively than those
      that can penetrate this membrane with the aid of O-8, O-9, or both. It is
      suggested that the osmotic pressure exerted on the outer membrane plays an
      important role in the regulation of synthesis of the two proteins.

PMID- 391803
TI  - Escherichia coli mutants incapable of supporting replication of F-like plasmids
      at high temperature: isolation and characterization of mafA and mafB mutants.
AB  - Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 defective in replication of F-like plasmids at a
      high temperature (42 degrees C) were found among threonine-independent (Thr+)
      revertants of a threonine-requiring F' stain after localized mutagenesis with N
      methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Transduction experiments with phage P1
      permitted us to divide these mutations into two classes with respect to man
      location; some mutations were located between thr and ara at about 0.8 min, very
      close to maf-1 reported previously (Wada et al., J. Mol. Biol. 108:25-41, 1976
      and the others probably were located between leu and azi at about 1.8 min. The
      former class of mutants designated mafA exhibited the same plasmid specificity as
      maf-1; replication of plasmids F and ColVB trp, but not R386 or R222, were
      affected at a high temperature. By contrast, the latter mutants designated mafB
      were defective in replication of nay of these plasmids at a high temperature.
      When a culture of mafA mutants carrying an F' plasmid was transferred from 30 to
      42 degrees C, the plasmid replication as determined by incorporation of
      [3H]thymidine into covalently closed circular F DNA was markedly inhibited. Under
      certain conditions, the temperature shift-up caused severe growth inhibition of
      the mutant cells. Examination of merodiploids (mafA/FmafA+) for plasmid
      maintenance suggested that the two mafA mutations tested (mafA23 and mafA36) were
      both dominant, at least partially, over the wild-type mafA+ allele. These
      properties of the mafA mutants, manifested at the restrictive temperature, are
      similar to those previously reported for the maf-1 mutant. Taken together with
      other evidence it is likely that these mutations affect either the same gene
      (mafA) or a set of closely linked genes, playing a specific role in autonomous
      plasmid replication in E. coli.

PMID- 391804
TI  - Regulation of activity and synthesis of N-acetylglutamate synthase from
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Feedback inhibition of N-acetylgutamate synthase in a particulate fraction from
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae by L-arginine was synergistically enhanced by N
      actylglutamate, whereas coenzyme A let to an additive enhancement of arginine
      inhibition. N-acetylglutamate synthase was not inhibited by polyamines, nor was
      the enzyme inactivated by incubation in the presence of coenzyme A and zinc ions.
      Evidence was obtained for the involvement of at least three different regulatory
      mechanisms in the expression of N-acetylglutamate synthase: arginine-specific
      repression, glucose repression and general amino acid control. The combined
      action of these control mechanisms led to a 90-fold variation in the specific
      activity of the enzyme.

PMID- 391805
TI  - Binding of yeast killer toxin to a cell wall receptor on sensitive Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - 35S-labeled killer toxin protein bound to cells of sensitive Saccharomyces 
      cerevisiae S14a. Strains that were resistant to toxin through mutation in the
      nuclear genes kre1 kre2 bound toxin only weakly. Non-radioactive toxin competed
      effectively with 35S-labeled toxin for binding to S14a, but did not compete
      significantly in the binding to mutant kre1-1. This implied that binding to kre1
      1 was nonspecific. A Scatchard analysis of the specific binding to S14a gave a
      linear plot, with an association constant of 2.9 x 10(6) M-1 and a receptor
      number of 1.1 x 10(7) per cell. Killer toxin receptors were solubilized from the
      cell wall by zymolyase digestion. Soluble, non-dialyzable cell wall digest from
      S14a competed with sensitive yeast cells for 35S-labeled toxin binding and
      reduced toxin-dependent killing of a sensitive strain. Wall digest from kre1-1
      competed only weakly for toxin binding with sensitive cells and caused little
      reduction of toxin-dependent killing. Although the abundant (1.1 x 10(7) per
      cell) receptor appeared necessary for toxin action, as few as 2.8 x 10(4) toxin
      molecules were necessary to kill a sensitive cell of S14a. The kinetics killing
      of S14a suggested that some component was saturated with toxin at a concentration
      50-fold lower than that needed to saturate the wall receptor.

PMID- 391808
TI  - AMP deaminase from baker's yeast. Kinetic and molecular properties.
AB  - The kinetic and molecular properties of AMP deaminase [AMP aminohydrolase, EC
      3.5.4.6] purified from baker's yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae) were
      investigated. The enzyme was activated by ATP and dATP, but inhibited by Pi and
      GTP in an allosteric manner. Alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions
      activated the enzyme to various extent. Kinetic negative cooperativity was
      observed in the binding of nucleoside triphosphates. Kinetic analysis showed that
      the number of interaction sites for AMP (substrate) and Pi (inhibitor) is two
      each per enzyme molecule. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was estimated
      to be 360,000 by sedimentation equilibrium studies. On polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, the enzyme gave a
      single polypeptide band with a molecular weight of 83,000, suggesting that the
      native enzyme has a tetrameric structure. Baker's yeast AMP deaminase was
      concluded to consist of two "promoter" units which each consist of two
      polypeptide chains with identical molecular weight.

PMID- 391809
TI  - Equilibrium and kinetics of the thermal unfolding of yeast 5S ribosomal RNA.
AB  - The equilibrium and kinetics of thermal unfolding of yeast 5S ribosomal RNA have
      been studied by optical methods, in a low ionic strength environment without
      Mg2+, to follow the disruption of the secondary structure base pairs in the
      molecule. The equilibrium results demonstrated that all of the helical regions
      melted simultaneously, and the kinetics of the thermal unfolding were first
      order. These findings suggest the validity of the two-state approximation for the
      unfolding reaction under the present conditions. The total number of secondary
      structure base pairs estimated from our experiment was consistent with that
      contained in the conformational model based on the Raman spectrum rather than
      that in the one derived by the enzymic digestion method. Taking our results on
      the kinetic behavior of the thermal unfolding overall, we propose that the 5S RNA
      has a partly melted secondary structure under the solvent conditions used.

PMID- 391807
TI  - Escherichia coli mutants tolerant to beta-lactam antibiotics.
AB  - Two types of Escherichia coli mutants tolerant to beta-lactam antibiotics were
      isolated. One is E. coli chi2452, which showed a tolerant response against beta
      lactam antibiotics when grown at 42 degrees C, and the others are the mutants C
      80 and C-254, selected from mutagenized E. coli chi1776 by cycles of exposure to
      ampicillin, cephaloridine, and starvation of the nutritionally required
      diaminopimelic acid. Beta-lactam antibiotics caused rapid loss of viability and
      lysis in cultures of chi1776 or in chi2452 grown at 32 degrees C. In contrast,
      the same antibiotics caused only a reversible inhibition of growth in mutants C
      80 and C-254 or in cultures of chi2452 grown at 42 degrees C. Beta-lactam
      antibiotics that show high affinity for penicillin-binding proteins 2 or 3
      (mecillinam and cephalexin, respectively) induced similar morphological effects
      (ovoid cell formation and filament formation) in both parent and mutant strains.
      In contrast, beta-lactam antibiotics which have a high affinity for penicillin
      binding protein 1 (e.g., cephaloridine or cefoxitin), which cause rapid lysis in
      the parental strains, caused cell elongation in the tolerant bacteria. In
      contrast to the parental cells, autolytic cell wall degradation was not triggered
      by beta-lactam treatment of chi2452 cells grown at 42 degrees C or in mutants C
      80 and C-254. The total autolytic activity of mutants C-80 and C-254 was less
      than 30% that of the parent strain. However, virtually identical autolytic
      activities were found in cells of chi2452 grown either at 42 or 32 degrees C.
      Possible mechanisms for the penicillin tolerance of E. coli are considered on the
      basis of these findings.

PMID- 391806
TI  - Spontaneous mutational specificity of drug resistance plasmid pKM101 in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Plasmid pKM101 enhances the frequency of spontaneous and ultraviolet light
      induced mutations in Escherichia coli and protects the cells against the lethal
      effects of ultraviolet irradiation. By analyzing reversion patterns of defined
      trpA alleles, we showed that pKM101 caused all types of spontaneous base-pair
      substitution mutations with the possible exception of guanine . cytosine leads to
      adenine. thymine transitions. Neither insertion nor deletion frameshift mutations
      were enhanced. Transversions were more strongly enhanced than transitions, and
      adenine . thymine base pairs appeared more susceptible to pKM101 mutator activity
      than guanine . cytosine base pairs. In addition, there were effects from
      neighboring base pairs and genetic background that influenced the mutator
      activity of pKM101.

PMID- 391811
TI  - Biochemical analysis of ligand-induced receptor patching and capping using a
      novel immunolactoperoxidase iodination technique.
AB  - A novel approach for the analysis of membrane proteins involved in ligand-induced
      surface receptor patching and capping is described. The technique is based on the
      use of immunolactoperoxidase (immuno-LPO) conjugates which catalyze the
      iodination of those surface proteins with available tyrosine groups that are
      located in the immediate vicinity of the patch or cap of a particular antigen. We
      have used the patching and capping of the H-2 (histocompatibility) antigen on
      mouse thymocytes to illustrate this method. However, this technique should be
      generally applicable to any cell surface proteins which can be induced to form
      patches or caps by a specific ligand. Cytochemical analysis indicates that the
      immuno-LPO conjugates induce the same patching and capping of the H-2 antigen as
      does the unconjugated antibody. Biochemical analysis of the 125I-labeled proteins
      by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicates that a large membrane protein
      (mol wt of approximately 200,000 daltons) is closely associated with H-2 patches
      and caps. Since a number of other prominent membrane proteins are not labeled by
      this procedure, selective redistribution of certain surface proteins must be
      occurring during H-2 antibody-induced patching and capping.

PMID- 391810
TI  - [Stimulating effect of partial cystectomy on regeneration of rat bladder
      urothelium and its significance for carcinogenesis (author's transl)].
AB  - Cell proliferation kinetics of the urinary bladder urothelium have been analyzed
      in a total of 218 female Wistar rats after partial cystectomy. After one-third
      resection of the bladder DNA synthesis started 15 h postoperatively in the
      bladder stump and reached its maximum at 25 h with a mean 3H-TdR index of 10.1%.
      In the area of resection the proliferative activity increased after 20 h and the
      highest 3H-TdR index was found to be 24.7% after 45 h. In the case of
      hemicystectomy the labeling index in the stump increased 15 h postoperatively and
      the highest 3H-T-dR index was determined at 20 h with 16.6%. The urothelial cells
      in the area of resection began to proliferate synchronously with those in the
      stump and the maximum of DNA synthesis was measured 35 h postoperatively with an
      3H-TdR index of 24.2%. After 2 weeks the proliferative activity within the stump
      and operative region corresponded to that of the control urothelium. The basal
      cells showed absolutely the highest proliferative activity, the suprabasal cells
      exhibited on the other side the highest regenerative potential compared with the
      control urothelium. Partial cystectomy might possibly serve as an experimental
      model for testing low potential carcinogens, in the case where carcinogenic
      effects would be initiated, potentiated and accelerated via stimulation of the
      DNA synthesis.

PMID- 391812
TI  - Granulocyte migration through endothelium in culture.
AB  - Using a model system with which we have previously investigated the adhesion of
      granulocytes to cultured endothelium, we have now shown that adherent
      granulocytes migrate through cultured endothelium in a manner closely resembling
      that found during the acute inflammatory response in vivo. The migration of
      granulocytes was markedly enhanced in the presence of erythrocytes, whereas blood
      platelets did not affect migration. Several test agents, including Paroven and
      some prostaglandins, had different effects upon migration and adhesion. We
      conclude that the adhesion of granulocytes to endothelium and their migration
      through it are responses that are, at least in part, separately controlled, and
      that migration does not depend exclusively upon extravascular stimuli.

PMID- 391813
TI  - Observation of cultured embryonic epithelial cells in side view.
AB  - Epithelial cells from the early chick embryo were explanted and grown on a strip
      of coverglass which was positioned in a culture chamber in such a way that the
      cells could be filmed in side view. Ruffling of the cells at the leading edge of
      the sheet (marginal cells) appeared similar to the ruffles at the leading lamella
      of fibroblasts. The ruffles of the sub-marginal cells showed different
      characteristics, being longer and not propagated successively as were the
      marginal ruffles. Superimposition of cells was always the result of the active
      movement of a non-yolky cytoplasmic process underneath a yolky process (i.e.
      underlapping). The non-yolky processes appeared to be strongly adherent to the
      substrate in comparison with the yolky processes, which were easily displaced.
      Active movement of cells or lamellae on the dorsal surface of the sheet was never
      observed. Preliminary ultrastructural evidence is presented which suggests that
      the strongly adherent non-yolky processes possess well-defined microfilament
      tracts associated with the ventral plasma membrane, while the poorly adherent
      processes do not possess such tracts.

PMID- 391814
TI  - Simplification of methods for the production and storage of specimens to be
      tested for heat-stable enterotoxin of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Experiments with the infant mouse test demonstrated that there is no need of
      shaking for heat-stable Escherichia coli enterotoxin production when low volume
      of medium per volume of flask ratios are used in stationary cultures.
      Centrifugation and filtration of the cultures to be tested are not necessary
      either, and Merthiolate (1:10,000) used as preservative has no deleterious effect
      on heat-stable enterotoxin activity. Based upon these findings, some
      modifications of the procedures for production and storage of heat-stable
      enterotoxin preparations are suggested. Standardized pieces of filter papers are
      wetted with Merthiolated stationary cultures which are to be assayed for heat
      stable enterotoxin activity by the infant mouse test. From dried filter papers,
      heat-stable enterotoxin can be eulted unaltered up to 2 months after specimen
      preparation. With the proposed modifications, even modestly equipped laboratories
      will be able to carry out the infant mouse test or at least to prepare specimens
      to be assayed by more specialized laboratories.

PMID- 391816
TI  - Serology of Legionnaires disease: comparison of indirect fluorescent antibody,
      immune adherence hemagglutination, and indirect hemagglutination tests.
AB  - An immune adherence hemagglutination (IAHA) test for the measurement of
      antibodies to Legionella pneumophila was developed and evaluated for the
      diagnosis of Legionnaires disease. Its sensitivity was compared to that of the
      indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test and a recently developed indirect
      hemagglutination (IHA) test. The sensitivity of the three tests appeared to be
      similar, with the IFA test giving slightly higher titers. Both the IHA and IAHA
      tests appear useful for the serodiagnosis of Legionnaires disease; the IAHA test
      has the advantage that it can be used with many other serological antigens.

PMID- 391815
TI  - Evaluation of a ganglioside immunosorbent assay for detection of Escherichia coli
      heat-labile enterotoxin.
AB  - The GM1  ganglioside enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (GM1-ELISA), an
      immunological method for detection of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin
      (LT), was quantitatively and qualitatively compared with the conventional adrenal
      cell test for the identification of LT-producing strains. A micromodification
      model of the assay was developed. Enterotoxin preparations from 120 E. coli
      isolates from individuals with diarrhea, which had been previously shown to be
      enterotoxigenic by the adrenal cell test, and from 44 control strains of E. coli
      were compared in parallel by the two methods. Quantitatively the covariation of
      the enterotoxin titers was highly significant (RS = 0.98, P less than 0.001), the
      GM1-ELISA being somewhat more sensitive than the adrenal cell test. The
      methodological error was less than 5% in both tests. Qualitatively the overall
      agreement for positive and negative reactions for the two methods was 89%. The
      GM1-ELISA is practical for routine use in the diagnosis of enterotoxigenic E.
      coli, especially in laboratories without facilities for cell culture.

PMID- 391817
TI  - Ureolytic Escherichia coli of human origin: serological, epidemiological, and
      genetic analysis.
AB  - Forty-five strains of ureolytic Escherichia coli of human origin, isolated in the
      United States between 1956 and 1977, were characterized by geographical
      distribution, site of infection, serotype, resistance to antibiotics, and
      biochemical reactions. All strains were studied for the ability to generate
      clones of nonureolytic E. coli (segregants), and a subset of these were selected
      for plasmid analysis and a variety of bacterial matings. There did not appear to
      be a common geographical distribution, serotype, antibiogram, or other aberrant
      biochemical reactions other than the hydrolysis of urea among these strains. The
      predominance of urinary tract isolates (46.7% total) may reflect a relationship
      between urea hydrolysis and pathogenesis at this site. Ten of the strains (22.2%)
      did segregate nonureolytic E. coli colonies, and all possessed at least one
      common plasmid species with a molecular weight of about 65 X 10(6). Only strain
      1138-77 serotype O16:H6 conjugally transfered the ability to hydrolyze urea,
      ferment sucrose, and resist inhibition by sulfadiazide simultaneously. The
      resulting, recombination-deficient E. coli K-12 tranconjugant was found to
      possess a plasmid with a molecular weight of about 80 X 10(6) to 90 X 10(6).

PMID- 391818
TI  - Detection of oral anaerobic spirochetes in dental plaque by the indirect
      fluorescent-antibody technique.
AB  - The indirect fluorescent-antibody technique was found to be a rapid and sensitive
      tool for the detection of oral anaerobic spirochetes in dental plaque.

PMID- 391819
TI  - Testicular cultivation of Treponema pallidum (Nichols strains) facilitated by
      sustained-release steroid administration.
AB  - Treponema pallidum cultivation is facilitated by substitution of
      methylprednisolone acetate suspension for hydrocortisone administration during
      rabbit testicular infection. Methylprednisolone suspension reduces testicular
      mononuclear cell infiltration and should benefit future studies of virulent T.
      pallidum.

PMID- 391820
TI  - Aerobically incubated medium for decarboxylase testing of Enterobacteriaceae by
      replica-plating methods.
AB  - An aerobically incubated, agar-based medium was developed for amino acid
      decarboxylase testing of Enterobacteriaceae family members by replica-plating
      methods. Results with the new medium agreed 97 to 99% with the reference broth
      method of Moeller, and no false-positive reactions were encountered.

PMID- 391821
TI  - Evaluation of bacteriological swabs and transport media in the recovery of group
      B streptococci on laboratory media.
AB  - The survival of group B streptococci on a variety of swabs, held either in their
      containers or in transport media for periods of up to 48 hours, at room
      temperature and at 4 degrees C, has been assessed. Results indicated that holding
      swabs in transport media did not favour prolonged survival of the streptococci
      and that the yield of organisms was much greater from swabs held in their
      ordinary plastic tubes. A holding temperature of 4 degrees C rather than room
      temperature is recommended if any delay in plating out swabs is anticipated.

PMID- 391822
TI  - Use of Intralactam for the early detection of staphylococcal beta-lactamase.

PMID- 391823
TI  - Maturation of the immune system and immunodeficiency.

PMID- 391824
TI  - Mechanisms in secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia.

PMID- 391825
TI  - Diagnosis of defects of antibody production.

PMID- 391826
TI  - Lymphocytes. 2. Differentiation. Differentiation of lymphoid precursor cells.

PMID- 391828
TI  - Distribution of malignant lymphoid cells.

PMID- 391827
TI  - Lymphocytes. 3. Distribution. Distribution of lymphocytes in health.

PMID- 391829
TI  - Roy Cameron lecture. Control of antibody formation: certain uncertainties.

PMID- 391830
TI  - Antibody-mediated tissue damage. Hyperviscosity and other complications of
      paraproteinaemia.

PMID- 391831
TI  - Tissue-specific autoantibodies in haemolytic anaemia.

PMID- 391833
TI  - Understanding death, dying, and the critically ill: a concern for speech-language
      pathologists.
AB  - The purpose of this article is to familiarize the speech-language pathologist
      with the behaviors that critically and terminally ill persons demonstrate. To
      work effectively with these groups of individuals, it appears essential that the
      clinician know the dynamics of the psychological stages associated with physical
      crisis, disability, death, and dying. This information is becoming more relevant
      to the speech-language pathologist, particularly as his/her role as a member of a
      rehabilitation team providing direct services to the aged expands.

PMID- 391832
TI  - Tissue-specific antibodies in myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 391834
TI  - Motivational factors in aphasia therapy: research suggestions.
AB  - Following Wepman (1953), the process of recovery from aphasia is seen as
      involving stimulation, motivation, and facilitation. The most adequate studies of
      aphasia therapy outcome focus on facilitation to the virtual exclusion of
      stimulation and motivation, although clinical experience suggests their
      importance. Motivation includes both the subjective and experiential aspects of
      the patient's response to aphasic disablement (anxiety, feelings of inadequacy)
      and the quality of the speech-therapist/patient alliance during the treatment.
      Retrospective studies utilizing sufficiently improved aphasics and ratings of the
      patient-therapist alliance are suggested as preliminary means of defining
      "motivation" in this context more accurately. Research approaches are also
      outlined which would assess the importance of and interaction between the three
      factors implicated in recovery for therapeutic outcome.

PMID- 391835
TI  - Projections of lamprey spinal neurons determined by the retrograde axonal
      transport of horseradish peroxidase.
AB  - The spinal cords of larval sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) and adult river
      lampreys (Ichthyomyzon unicuspis) were injected with horseradish peroxidase
      through a transection 1 cm caudal to the last gill. Some animals also had a
      spinal hemisection 1 cm caudal to the injection. After recovery periods of 1 to
      52 days, the spinal cords were treated with diaminobenzidene and hydrogen
      peroxide, and the projections of various cell types determined in wholemount
      slides. From these observations the following conclusions were drawn. Most dorsal
      cells (primary sensory cells) are bipolar with a long rostral projection and a
      short caudal projection of no more than 5-10 mm. Both processes travel in the
      ipsilateral dorsal column. Their peripheral processes enter the dorsal roots as
      branches of their central axons. Some dorsal cells send processes out three or
      more dorsal roots both rostral and caudal to the cell body. Myotomal motoneurons
      have characteristic locations in the medial gray column and send prominent
      transversely oriented dendrites into the lateral columns. A few motoneurons are
      unusually large. In addition to giant interneurons the majority of smaller
      rostrally projecting interneurons also have decussating axons. A recently
      described cell type, the oblique bipolar cell, appears to have an exclusively
      crossed rostral projection. Although most edge cells project rostrally, as many
      as 20% may have a caudal projection or both rostral and caudal projections. Edge
      cells project equally to the ipsilateral and contralateral spinal hemicord, but
      their processes do not extend more than about 18 mm in sea lamprey larvae and 37
      mm in adult river lampreys. Lateral cells project exclusively to the ipsilateral
      caudal hemicord. A few cells which resemble lateral cells in location and in
      possessing large lateral dendrites, project rostrally. However, these have
      atypical morphologic features which probably distinguish them from true lateral
      cells. Thus far, regardless of cell type, all decussating axons seem to pass
      ventral to the central canal, while decussating medial dendrites pass dorsally.

PMID- 391836
TI  - Congenital nevocytic nevi and malignant melanomas.
AB  - The subject of the relationship between congenital nevocytic nevi and malignant
      melanomas has many controversial aspects. Data are insufficient to come to firm
      conclusions concerning how often melanomas supervene in such nevi and to
      determine the prognosis of those melanomas. What data are available indicate that
      malignant melanomas develop in a substantial percentage of large (giant)
      nevocytic nevi. This lends support to those who recommend surgical excision of
      such large lesions, when feasible. On the other hand, the information currently
      available concerning the association of malignant melanomas with medium- and
      small-sized congenital nevocytic nevi (i.e., those less than 20 cm in larges
      diameter) is scanty. Because of this lack of data on congenital nevocytic nevi,
      our current approach is to take into consideration the probability of cosmetic
      improvement by surgical removal in conjunction with education of the patient
      and/or family that malignant melanomas have been known to occur in congenital
      nevocytic nevi but are probably rare except in nevi of large size. Such
      information provided to the patient and/or family will often help in making the
      decision for removal or continued observation. A Congenital Nevocytic Nevus
      Registry has been established in the Oncology Section of the Skin and Cancer Unit
      at New York University Medical Center in the attempt to begin a long-term
      prospective study which might eventually provide some meaningful information
      concerning the natural history of such lesions, including the incidence of
      malignant melanomas.

PMID- 391837
TI  - Use and abuse of systemic corticosteroid therapy.
AB  - Steroid-responsive acute dermatoses should be treated with a single morning dose
      of prednisone for approximately 2 weeks. It is necessary to "taper" a short
      course of oral prednisone given by this method. Chronic dermatoses should be
      treated whenever possible with prednisone used in the morning and on alternate
      days. This method is effective, is free of most side effects, and suppresses the
      HPA axis minimally. There are few real advantages in using intramuscular
      corticosteroids. TAC is an unusually strong suppressor of the HPA axis. For
      chronic dermatoses, a less suppressive preparation might best be chosen if the
      physician feels that the intramuscular route is the most reasonable one. In any
      event TAC should never be used more often than every two months. Finally, the
      time-course of HPA recovery following short courses of steroids is presently
      unknown. Nonetheless, some astute critics of steroid metabolism have felt obliged
      to advise us that individuals who have received from 1 to 4 weeks of suppressive
      steroid treatment should be suspect as to the integrity of their HPA axis in
      stressful situations for up to one year. The withdrawal from, as well as the use
      of, systemic corticosteroids requires a creative and critical physician.

PMID- 391838
TI  - Cementum involved in periodontal disease: a review of its features and clinical
      management.

PMID- 391839
TI  - How caustics were used to treat skin cancer.

PMID- 391840
TI  - The treatment of ulcers on legs with split-thickness skin grafts: report of a
      simple technique.
AB  - The placing of split-thickness skin grafts on chronic ulcers on legs in the usual
      way is tedious and time consuming. An effective technique that is simply and
      quickly done is described and illustrated herein. At least two weeks of
      hospitalization is required to insure complete healing.

PMID- 391841
TI  - Treatment of ulcers on legs from venous hypertension by split-thickness skin
      grafts.
AB  - Chronic ulcers on legs resulting from venous hypertension can be successfully
      managed by split-thickness skin grafts. Special attention must be paid to
      preliminary preparation of ulcers and to the period after grafting. Technical
      details of grafting are described and the results in 12 patients are recounted.

PMID- 391842
TI  - Computer analysis of 3531 basal-cell carcinomas of the skin.

PMID- 391843
TI  - Epidermodysplasia verruciformis.--Report of a case and genetic consideration on
      the Japanese cases.

PMID- 391844
TI  - A case of malignant lymphoma of the nodular, poorly differentiated lymphocytic
      type.

PMID- 391845
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic study of the human axillary apocrine glands.

PMID- 391846
TI  - A case of epithelioid sarcoma.

PMID- 391847
TI  - Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis caused by accidental inoculation.

PMID- 391848
TI  - A case of cryptococcal subcutaneous abscess caused by primary osseous
      cryptococcosis.

PMID- 391849
TI  - Plaque type syringoma.

PMID- 391850
TI  - Differential ventilation in unilateral lung disease: effects on respiratory
      mechanics and gas exchange.
AB  - Conventional PEEP ventilation has been recently reported to be deleterious in
      some cases of ARF with unilateral pneumonia. In such respect, two cases of
      unilateral bacterial pneumonia were intubated with a Carlens tracheal tube.
      Measurement of tidal volume, static compliance, and functional residual capacity
      of each lung showed marked inequality. Subsequently, both patients were
      ventilated with a selective distribution circuit, allowing the introduction of a
      PEEP valve in the expiratory line of the diseased lung. Evident improvement in
      blood gases was obtained within 24 hours, as tidal volume, static compliance, and
      FRC of the diseased lung were markedly improved. In one case equalisation of V/Q
      ratio was documented using the 81m Kr method. Final recovery was obtained in one
      case.

PMID- 391851
TI  - Management of the low myopia pediatric patient.
AB  - A review of the literature on myopia etiology indicates that environmental
      factors, particularly those related to nearpoint use of the eyes, appear to play
      a significant role. A regimen is described for control of environmental factors
      producing myopic progression, including use of bifocal lenses to reduce
      accomodative demand, visual hygiene to foster accommodative relaxation, and
      vision training to develop adequate accommodative skills and freedom of action
      between accommodative and convergence systems.

PMID- 391852
TI  - An optometric detective: in search of antique eyewear.

PMID- 391853
TI  - Lenses and visual performance.

PMID- 391854
TI  - Report of the task force on podiatry.

PMID- 391855
TI  - The contributions of Edith Jacobson: and overview.

PMID- 391856
TI  - Collection of psychoanalytic classics.

PMID- 391857
TI  - Public choice in health: problems, politics and perspectives on formulating
      national health policy.
AB  - Development of health policy goals necessitates a choice among normative premises
      -an accommodation of conflicting values. Any debate that does not identify
      underlying assumptions or link policy prescriptions to a theoretical perspective
      is destined to degenerate into uncommunicative and unproductive rhetorical
      posturing. A sensible approach toward formulating national health policy requires
      that competing values be identified and discussed explicitly. This article will
      examine the effect that selection of different theoretical perspectives can have
      on the identification of problems and on the formulation of prescriptive policies
      in the health field. It will also focus on the different values that are promoted
      by different policy perspectives and consider alternative models for implementing
      value choices.

PMID- 391858
TI  - The design of failure: health policy and the structure of federalism.
AB  - This paper explores the impact of the federal structure of American government on
      health policy through the examination of three case studies of unsatisfactory
      policy: Medicaid cutbacks; provider licensure; and health planning under P.L. 93
      641. Problems arise in three areas because of a disjunction between
      administrative or regulatory responsibilities and financial accountability. How
      the division of responsibilities among different levels of government might be
      managed better is examined briefly, in the context of possible state roles under
      a system of national health insurance.

PMID- 391994
TI  - Effect of colchicine on the immunohistochemical localization of somatostatin in
      the rat brain: light and electron microscopic studies.
AB  - Somatostatin (SRIF), the hypothalmic hormone which inhibits the secretion of
      growth hormone by the pituitary, has been localized immunohistochemically in the
      rat hypothalamus after intracerebral injection of colchicine. The number of cell
      bodies staining for SRIF was increased in the periventricular nucleus while the
      number of nerve fibers was decreased in the median eminence after treatment. The
      number of secretory granules containing SRIF in the nerve cell bodies was
      increased in the treated animals, suggesting a correlation between the number of
      specific secretory granules and intensity of the immunohistochemical reaction.
      These observations are in agreement with the hypothesis that SRIF cell bodies in
      the periventricular nucleus send their axons into the median eminence.

PMID- 391993
TI  - Kallikrein localization in rodent salivary glands and kidney with the
      immunoglobulin-enzyme bridge technique.
AB  - Kallikrein has been localized in rodent kidney and salivary glands by means of an
      immunoglobulin-enzyme bridge technique. In sections of kidney, anti-kallikrein
      antibodies bound to the apical region of certain distal tubule segments in the
      cortex, to reabsorption droplets of proximal convoluted tubules, and to certain
      duct segments in the papilla. In salivary glands of both male and female rats and
      mice, and apical rim of most striated duct cells of submandibular, parotid and
      sublingual glands and granular tubules of submandibular glands exhibited
      immunoreactivity. Granular intercalated duct cells in female submandibular glands
      also displayed immunostaining for kallikrein. Phenylephrine administration
      resulted in loss of immunoreactive granules from the granular convoluted tubule
      cells of male mouse submandibular gland. This response was paralleled by a
      biochemically demonstrable decrease in kallikrein-like tosylarginine methyl ester
      (TAME) esterase activity.

PMID- 391996
TI  - Comparison between peroxidase-conjugated antigen or antibody and peroxidase-anti
      peroxidase complex in a postembedding procedure.
AB  - The staining efficiency of peroxidase labeled immunoglobulin conjugate, used
      either as antigen or as antibody, has been compared with that of peroxidase-anti
      peroxidase complex (PAP) on ultrathin sections of araldite embedded material. The
      conjugate gave positive results in a two layer method as well as in a three layer
      method when used as antibody. No staining was observed when it was used as
      antigen. The conjugation seemed to impair the antigenic reactivity of
      immunoglobulin. The conjugate when used as antibody in the three layer method
      gave approximately the same staining efficiency as PAP.

PMID- 391995
TI  - Skeletin immunoreactivity in heart Purkinje fibers from several species.
AB  - Ever since its discovery, the identification of the specialized conducting system
      of the heart has been a matter of debate. In some species, a main distinguishing
      feature under the electron microscope, as compared with ordinary myocytes, is the
      presence of large pools of juxtanuclear filaments, so called intermediate or
      skeletin filaments. In the present study, we have adopted the indirect
      immunofluorescence method and anti-skeletin antisera for the identification of
      the ventricular conducting system in several species. It was found that anti
      skeletin reactivity generally exceeded that of ordinary myocytes. The degree of
      immunofluorescence could be related to a previous classification model of the
      differentiation of the conducting cells. It is suggested that skeletin is highly
      conserved throughout phylogeny and that anti-skeletin may serve as an additional
      tool for the identification of conducting cells at the light microscopic level.

PMID- 391997
TI  - Update on flow cytometry, introduction.

PMID- 391999
TI  - Fluorescent DNA probes for flow cytometry. Considerations and prospects.
AB  - Techniques employing base specific deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-binding
      fluorochromes and flow cytometry (FCM) are potentially useful for obtaining
      information of the compositional features of chromatin or chromosomes of
      mammalian cells. Fluorescent compounds which form complexes preferentially at the
      A-T rich regions (i.e., DNA-reactive Hoechst dyes) or the G-C rich regions (i.e.,
      mithramycin, chromomycin, olivomycin) in DNA are available and compatible with
      current FCM technology as are other compounds (i.e., ethidium bromide, propidium
      iodide) which show little or no base specificity and bind by intercalation in the
      double stranded regions of helical DNA. Energy transfer between appropriate DNA
      bound dyes is a reflection of the quantity and proximity of regions containing
      the respective base pair segments. Since extrinsic fluorescent probes provide
      only a measure of available binding sites or regions unobstructed by chromatin
      associated or chromosomal-associated proteins, interpretations of fluorescence
      measurements need to be substantiated by adequate control measures.

PMID- 391998
TI  - Future directions for flow cytometry.

PMID- 392000
TI  - Laser flow cytometry and cancer chemotherapy: detection of intracellular
      anthracyclines by flow cytometry.
AB  - The intracellular distribution of important chemotherapeutic antibiotics
      belonging to the anthracycline group (e.g. adriamycin) can be detected by laser
      flow cytometry. The indirect method is based on the interference of these
      compounds with the binding of propidium iodide to the nuclear DNA. While in the
      direct method, the intracellular fluorescence of these antibiotics is excited and
      detected with a laser beam in a flow system. The present report demonstrates the
      use of these two methods for intracellular detection and quantitation of a number
      of important anthracyclines.

PMID- 392001
TI  - The unlabeled antibody (PAP) method, introduction.

PMID- 392002
TI  - Histochemical titles from current literature: journals received December, 1978
      February, 1979.

PMID- 392003
TI  - A relaxation technique in the management of hypercholesterolemia.
AB  - Chronic sympathetic nervous system overactivity has been implicated as a factor
      capable of elevating and maintaining high serum cholesterol levels independent of
      dietary measures. We conducted a controlled trial to determine the effect of a
      relaxation technique. Transcendental Meditation, on serum cholesterol levels in
      hypercholesterolemic subjects. Serum cholesterol levels were measured at
      beginning and end of an 11-month period in 12 hypercholesterolemic subjects who
      regularly practiced meditation. Eleven hypercholesterolemic controls who did not
      practice the technique were similarly followed up for 13 months. Paired
      comparisons showed a significant (p less than 0.005) reduction in fasting serum
      cholesterol levels of those subjects who practiced meditation. These results
      suggest that the regular practice of a relaxation technique may contribute, most
      likely through a reduction in adrenergic activity, to the amelioration of
      hypercholesterolemia in certain subjects.

PMID- 392004
TI  - Radiocarbon (14C) migration and metabolism kinetics (a review).
AB  - Radiocarbon (14C) introduced into the biosphere as a result of nuclear explosions
      and operation of nuclear power stations has upset the equilibrium existing in
      nature. The increase in 14C concentration in the biosphere is a problem of
      considerable hygienic and social importance, since 14C affects all living
      organism in the world. This paper presents data on 14C migration and metabolism
      kinetics. Radiocarbon metabolism kinetics depends on the form of the chemical
      compound metabolized. Inorganic 14C compounds are metabolized relatively fast.
      Organic 14C compounds (carbohydrates, fats and proteins) are retained longer in
      the body. Differences in the metabolism kinetics of differents 14C compounds lead
      to the formation of unequal irradiation doses in various organs and tissues. In
      establishing standards for admissible 14C intake, one should take into
      consideration the kind of chemical compound in which the element is incorporated.

PMID- 392005
TI  - Studies on prophylactic efficacy of N-2-hydroxyethyl palmitamide (Impulsin) in
      acute respiratory infections. Serologically controlled field trials.
AB  - The results of three serologically controlled double blind field trials in army
      units are presented. The evaluation of results according to morbidity, regardless
      of aetiology, showed a significant reduction in acute respiratory diseases (ARD)
      after administration of Impulsin. In the 1973 trial (901 volunteers), 22.7% of
      ARD cases were found in the Impulsin group contrary to 34.4% in the placebo group
      (P less than 0.0002). The relevant values in the 1974 trial (610 volunteers) were
      19.7% and 40.7% (P less than 0.002) and in the 1975 trial (353 volunteers) 10.6%
      and 28.8% (P less than 0.004). The study of the immunological background in
      representative sets of volunteers allowed determination of the aetiology, the
      proportion of asymptomatic infections and possible deformation of results due to
      preexisting protective antibodies. Manifestation rate (MR) expressing the
      proportion of sick persons out of all sensitive subjects with serologically
      proved infection was found useful. This indicator is relatively independent of
      randomization and is more sensitive as compared to the incidence rate. In the
      1973 trial, influenza A 2 England was prevalent, the MR of infection being 15.4%
      in the Impulsin group and 44.9% in the placebo group (P less than 0.0002). After
      elimination of persons with preinfection antibodies greater than or equal to
      1:256 the corresponding values of MR were 17.6% and 46.6% (P less than 0.005),
      reflecting the "relatively clean effect" of Impulsin. In the 1974 trial, where
      influenza B Hong-Kong was prevalent, MR was 14.3% and 57.1%, respectively (P less
      than 0.001). Preinfection antibodies were negligible. The preliminary
      prophylactic index of the drug seemed to be 4.3 for combined adenoviral
      infections (trials 1973 and 1974 taken together). In the 1975 trial, the results
      of serological examination were unsatisfactory. Antibodies vs. influenza A Port
      Chalmers were found in 24.5% of ARD only. The differnce is aetiologically
      unclarified ARD was statistically significant. Although displaying a significant
      limitation of clinical infections, the administration of Impulsin did not seem to
      have any influence on the formation of antibodies.

PMID- 392006
TI  - Indication of antigens and antibodies using the reaction of compound immune
      adsorption and reactivation of the phage.
AB  - A method of determining antibodies by their adsorption on large-pore or surface
      immunosorbents with subsequent treatment of the carrier with anti-immunoglobulin
      serum and antiphage serum isologous to the antibodies and then with the
      bacteriophage has been presented. The adsorbed virions are split off by means of
      papain-induced hydrolysis of the antibody complex. The antigens are determined by
      the reaction of phage fixing inhibition. The method permits to determine small
      amounts of antibodies to proteins, haptenes and cells with objective calculation
      of results.

PMID- 392008
TI  - Edna Langley.

PMID- 392007
TI  - Role of bacteria in human carcinogenesis.
AB  - The bacterial hydrolysis of conjugated carcinogens, production of potential
      carcinogens from amino acid metabolism, formation of N-nitroso-compounds, and
      production of carcinogens from bile salt metabolism are discussed. The limited
      evidence implicating these compounds in the causation of bowel, gastric, bladder,
      biliary tract and cervical cancer is presented. Although there is no example of a
      proven role for bacteria in the causation of any human cancer, there are many
      leads currently under investigation. They have exciting implications for
      prevention.

PMID- 392009
TI  - Thermal characteristics of microtitre plates used in immunological assays.
AB  - Thermal studies of various types of microtitre plate have shown that wells at the
      edges of a plate have different thermal characteristics from those in the centre.
      This may contribute to the 'edge effect' observed when such plates are used as
      solid supports for protein immunobilisation in immunoassays.

PMID- 392010
TI  - Automation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
AB  - A prototype of automatized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in tubes is
      described, using a commercially available basic material, easily modified. Nine
      hundred samples could be completely studied in a day by only one person. The
      different steps of the automatized ELISA were systematically studied to obtain
      the best performance. Its application is described in toxoplasmosis
      serodiagnosis.

PMID- 392012
TI  - A technical improvement for crossed immunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - A simple antibody overlay technique for crossed immunoelectrophoresis is
      described. After the initial electrophoresis of antigens, the gel is overlaid
      with antibody-impregnated filter paper. This makes it necessary to pour only one
      gel, simplifying technique as compared with the conventional method.

PMID- 392011
TI  - A rapid, semi-automated procedure for the evaluation of leukocyte locomotion in
      the micropore filter assay.
AB  - A commerically available bacterial colony counter has been modified to allow
      rapid, accurate, semi-automated evaluation of cell numbers in the micropore
      filter assay for chemotaxis. The method is valuable for objective, rapid
      evaluation of cell counts at various levels through the filter, as well as counts
      on the distal surface of the filter. Coupled with a programmable calculator, this
      instrument had made feasible a new method of assessing random migration by the
      regression line analysis, which discriminates between migration rate and mass
      migration of cells. This combination of equipment may thus serve as a
      considerable time saving accessory to laboratories engaged in cell locomotion
      research, but also will allow more rigorous assessment of differences among
      specific populations of cells.

PMID- 392013
TI  - In memoriam. Dr. P. R. Trivedi.

PMID- 392015
TI  - Role of the H-2 complex in the homing affinity of injected lymphoid cells to the
      host's lymph nodes.
AB  - The role of H-2 and non-H-2 gene products was studied in a model of non-immune
      cell-cell interactions which underlie the homing affinity to lymph nodes of
      injected 51Cr-labelled lymph node cells. The effect of various donor-recipient
      combinations was tested by comparing the allogeneic/syngeneic ratio of
      radioactivity recovered from the lymph nodes. The homing affinity was reduced to
      about 50% when the donor-recipient incompatibility extended over the whole H-2
      chromosome. When confined to a single region (H-2K, I or D) H-2 incompatibility
      caused no significant allogeneic inhibition of the homing affinity. The
      cumulative effect of two partial incompatibilities (K + I or D + I) was, however,
      reflected in a significant allogeneic inhibition. Non-H-2 incompatibilities had,
      as a rule, a weak effect; the non-H-2 gene products may not be directly involved
      in the cell interactions under test.

PMID- 392014
TI  - Malnutrition, fertility and family planning.

PMID- 392016
TI  - The etiology of gingival recession. Review of literature.

PMID- 392017
TI  - [Yeast peroxisomes (microbodies): structure, function and application (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 392018
TI  - [Profile of Professor Suzuki (author's transl)].

PMID- 392019
TI  - [Some studies on the ability appreciation of dental handpieces (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Dental handpieces are usually used for cutting teeth instruments of dental
      treatments. But as ability appreciation of cutting instruments are widely
      influenced with cutting tools and then these studies have scarcely been reported
      until now. This paper shows the one method of the ability appreciation of
      handpieces which are used for test bur as the cutting tools. Test apparatus used
      for ability appreciation are manufactured for trial as the same way as the dental
      treatments and experiments of handpiece are carried out. Handpiece test specimens
      are standard type (air bearing type) made by own country as basic characteristics
      and then compering with the ability of the type differences, standard, miniature,
      supertorque and air bearing type made by foreign country are experimented. These
      results of tests are examined the influence of service air pressure and load
      speed to be bases on the relation between push load revolution of test burs. And
      then equivalent efficiency of the works of handpieces are discussed for the
      experimental results of these characteristics.

PMID- 392020
TI  - [Studies on the cutting ability of dental diamond points--the trial manufacture
      of the cutting test apparatus (author's transl)].
AB  - Diamond points and tungstencarbite burs are used as the dental cutting tools for
      many appliance accordingly with the many purpose of used positions.
      Notwithstanding that the dental cutting tools have been usually applied for many
      purpose of dental treatment, the paper on these studies have scarcely been
      reported. In this studies the test of dental cutting tools curried out using the
      diamond points and examined these characteristics. As the problems on the cutting
      tests are the push load of cutting tools and the cutting quantities. This studies
      tried to make the test apparatus for the cutting test of dental diamond points
      considering to dental treatments. The glass plates used for photograph are used
      for cutting materials supposing to the enamel properties of teeth and the cutting
      tests put into practice for the types of diamond points with different diameter.
      The cutting characteristics of the diamond points are examined with the using of
      the test results and are appreciated with the considering to the test apparatus.

PMID- 392021
TI  - [Investigation of Pd-Ag alloy for porcelain fusing. (Part 2) Thermal expansion
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Thermal expansion coefficient and thermal expansion hysteresis (residual
      expansion after thermal cycles) were measured using nine Pd-Ag alloys (In and/or
      Sn added) prepared in Part 1. The following results were obtained. (1) The
      thermal expansion coefficients were ranged 13 approximately 15 x 10(-6)/ degrees
      C in the temperature range of 400 to 200 degrees C. (2) The effects of the
      addition of indium and tin to the thermal expansion coefficient depended on the
      concentration of palladium and silver. (3) The thermal expansion hysteresis was
      ranged from 0.21 to -0.02% third thermal cycle. It was very small in comparison
      with that of precious alloys. (4) The thermal expansion hysteresis decreased with
      increase of addition of indium and tin. (5) The thermal expansion coefficient had
      no correlation with the bonding strength.

PMID- 392023
TI  - [Bibliography on dental engineering].

PMID- 392022
TI  - [Flow of molten metal in denture base in horizontal centrifugal casting
      procedure. (Part 2) Flow, inflow volume and casting time of molten metal passing
      through several sprues into model denture plate mold (author's transl)].
AB  - Two types of spruing methods were used in the casting of the denture type model
      pattern (thickness, 0.43 mm). Flow of molten metal in the mold was filmed by the
      improved system of Part 1. When three sprues were attached to the pattern
      vertically, molten metal passed through each sprue gate flowed being affected by
      the direction of gravity and revolution of casting machine, and gathered at the
      lower part of the mold. Next molten metal filled the mold from the lower part to
      the upper part. In this spruing type, molten metal turned its direction of flow
      several times. At the middle stage of casting, the inflow volume per unit time
      (inflow rate), v (mm3/10-2)s)was evaluated as v = 12.36 + 5.16A-0.16 A2 (A: total
      cross-sectional areas of sprues). The inflow rate increased with increase of the
      area of the sprues, but it saturated. When the main sprue and the subsprues were
      attached at the posterior border, the molten metal filled the mold from the lower
      part to the upper part quietly. In this spruing type, the casting mold was set
      facing its sprue gates downwards. The inflow rate at the middle stage of casting
      was evaluated as v = 21.05 + 1.79 C (C: the cross-sectional area of the main
      sprue). The inflow rate increased linearly with increase of the area of the main
      sprue.

PMID- 392024
TI  - [Studies on the porcelain fusing to Cr-Co-Ni system alloys using ceramics coating
      method (author's transl)].

PMID- 392025
TI  - [Studies on the performance of the dental air turbine handpieces. (Part 1). Air
      pressure and bur length to be influenced over the rotational performance of the
      air bearing type handpieces (author's transl)].
AB  - Air turbine handpieces are used as the dental cutting instruments for the
      clinical use and many appliances. But, there are no studies on the performance of
      air turbine handpieces. So, this paper shows the rotational performance of air
      turbine handpieces which are influenced over the supplying air pressure and
      cutting bur length. Experimentally used air turbine handpieces is air bearing
      type and it's set up air pressure to be supplied is 3.5 kg/cm2. So, in this
      experiments, the range of air pressure is 1.8 approximately 3.5 kg/cm2, which is
      established five stages. And the bur length of the rotational parts is 5
      approximately 9 mm with five steps. As the results, the rotational performance of
      air handpieces are influenced over these factors of the air pressure and the bur
      length. And air pressure to be supplied are influenced to be not only over the
      rotational speed but the load for the putting a stop to the revolutions.

PMID- 392027
TI  - [Non-metalic metal materials in dentistry].

PMID- 392026
TI  - [Application of flow cytometry (FC) in cytology].

PMID- 392028
TI  - Slow-virus diseases: a concise review.

PMID- 392030
TI  - Harper wax denture technique.

PMID- 392029
TI  - Adriamycin extravasation: case reports and review.

PMID- 392031
TI  - 1979-1980 Macomb District Dental Society membership roster.

PMID- 392032
TI  - Albert ludwig sigesmund neisser: 1855-1916. Tribute to a venerable physician.

PMID- 392033
TI  - Intraosseus ganglion.

PMID- 392034
TI  - Development of a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for ursodeoxycholic acid:
      application to plasma disappearance of injected ursodeoxycholic acid in the
      rabbit.
AB  - A bile acid disappearance test using an enzyme immunoassay for ursodeoxycholic
      acid (UDCA) is presented. The immunoassay employs an antiserum produced in
      rabbits with UDCA coupled by amide linkage to egg albumin. An antigen (UDCA)
      enzyme (beta-D-galactosidase) complex was prepared by adding the N-hydroxy
      succinimide ester of UDCA to beta-D-galactosidase in a molar ratio of 5000:1. The
      anti-UDCA serum was coupled to glass beads and a competitive reaction between
      bile acids and UDCA coupled to the enzyme on the glass beads was measured by
      determining enzyme activity. One bead was used for each test tube. Thus it was
      convenient to wash and transfer the bead to a fresh test tube after incubation.
      The procedure requires 2.5 hr at 30 degrees C for the competitive reaction and
      enzyme assay. Using a 1:100 dilution of anti-serum, the intensity of fluorescence
      of 4-methylumbelliferone produced from 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactoside by
      the enzyme decreased linearly with a logarithmic increase of UDCA concentration
      over a range of from 0.1 to 10 pmnd taurine conjugates, and good recovery data
      were obtained. The development of the enzyme immunoassay using glass beads
      shortens analysis time; furthermore, the method makes it possible to detect
      obstructive jaundice in rabbits before the serum bilirubin level is elevated.

PMID- 392036
TI  - Massachusetts Dental Society 1978-1979.

PMID- 392035
TI  - Using computers to search dental literature.

PMID- 392037
TI  - The Dale Medallists 1979.

PMID- 392038
TI  - Medal of the Society for Endocrinology.

PMID- 392039
TI  - A sensitive fluorometric enzyme immunoassay for testosterone in plasma and saliva
      [proceedings].

PMID- 392040
TI  - Variation in size of the 'readily releasable pool' of luteinizing hormone during
      the oestrous cycle of the rat.
AB  - The size of the 'readily releasable pool' of luteinizing hormone at various times
      of the oestrous cycle has been determined by injecting a supramaximal dose of
      luteinizing hormone releasing factor (LH-RF) i.v. into rats anaesthetized with
      sodium pentobarbitone. In an attempt to block replenishment of the 'pool' during
      release, cycloheximide was administered 30 min before LH-RF. A 20-fold increase
      in pool size occurred between the morning of dioestrus and the evening of pro
      oestrus in the absence of any significant change in total pituitary content of
      LH. This suggests that increased responsiveness may be brought about by a change
      in the receptor-release apparatus and/or a transfer of LH from a 'storage pool'
      which leads to an apparent increase in the proportion of LH available for
      release.

PMID- 392041
TI  - Use of a pulsed infusion of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone to mimic
      seasonally induced endocrine changes in the ram.
AB  - Adult Soay rams were housed indoors under natural lighting during the spring non
      mating season when gonadotrophin secretion was low. Four animals received small
      doses (100 ng or 500 ng) of synthetic LH releasing hormone (LH-RH) infused into
      the jugular vein by a mechanical device for 60 s every 2 h for 33-57 days: two
      other rams acted as controls. The prolonged treatment with LH-RH resulted in
      growth of the testes and the development of the sexual skin flush; these effects
      were lost when treatment stopped. The plasma concentrations of LH, FSH and
      testosterone were low at the beginning; each short infusion of LH-RH resulted in
      a transitory increase in the level of LH and testosterone while the concentration
      of FSH was only marginally affected. After prolonged treatment with 500 ng pulses
      of LH-RH the plasma concentrations of all three hormones were permanently raised.
      The response to the individual injections of LH-RH was also modified, the peak in
      LH being reduced in amplitude but more prolonged while the FSH and testosterone
      responses were both enhanced. When the pulsed infusion was stopped the
      concentration of LH and testosterone declined rapidly while the decline in FSH
      levels took many days. These endocrine changes induced by the pulsed infusion are
      comparable to those that occur naturally in the ram during testicular
      redevelopment before the mating season.

PMID- 392042
TI  - Cellular localization of a prolactin-like antigen in the rat brain.
AB  - The distribution of immunoreactive neurones and fibres was studied in rat brain
      using an antiserum to rat prolactin. Neurones containing the immunoreactive
      material were localized in the arcuate, ventromedial, premamillary, supraoptic
      and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. Immunoreactive nerve fibres were
      widely distributed within the brain. No differences were observed in labelling
      between male and female rats, or as a consequence of hypophysectomy.

PMID- 392043
TI  - Self-treatment practices in North Florida.

PMID- 392045
TI  - The social and medical history of crib death.

PMID- 392044
TI  - One Cuban physician's odyssey.

PMID- 392046
TI  - Florida's medical historian--J. Webster Merritt.

PMID- 392047
TI  - U.S. philately in medicine.

PMID- 392048
TI  - Application of agarose gel electrophoresis to the characterization of plasmid DNA
      in drug-resistant enterobacteria.
AB  - A simple gel electrophoresis method has been described for the detection of
      plasmid DNA in bacteria (Meyers et al., 1976). We investigated further the
      problems encountered in using this method for the analysis of plasmids in wild
      enterobacterial strains. The migration of open circular and linear plasmid DNA
      was examined, since these forms sometimes caused difficulty in the interpretation
      of the plasmid content of uncharacterized strains. Electrophoresis at different
      agarose concentrations was employed to resolve clearly plasmid DNA from the
      chromosomal DNA fragments in the crude preparations. Dissociation of some
      plasmids occurs in Salmonella typhimurium, and this was detected by
      electrophoresis. The technique was applied to the study of drug-resistant strains
      of S. typhimurium phage type 208 from several Middle Eastern countries. The
      cultures carry a drug resistance plasmid of the FIme compatibility group, and at
      least two other plasmids which were detected and identified by gel
      electrophoresis. The studies supported and extended the genetic findings and
      provided information on the distribution of particular plasmids.

PMID- 392049
TI  - Peptide transport in Candida albicans.
AB  - The tripeptide L-methionyl-L-methionyl-L-[METHYL-14C]methionine was taken up into
      Candida albicans by a saturable system with a pH optimum of 3.5, a temperature
      optimum of 37 degrees C and an apparent Km of 3.3 x 10(-5) M. Metabolic
      inhibitors such as sodium azide and dinitrophenol completely prevented uptake.
      Neither methionine nor dimethionine effectively competed with trimethionine
      uptake. (Leu)3, Gly-Met-Gly, acetyl-(Met)3, D-Met-L-Met-L-Met and Met-Met-Ile
      effectively competed with (Met)3 uptake, whereas (Lys)3, L-Met-L-Met-D-Met, D-Met
      D-Met-D-Met, (Met)3 methyl ester and (Ala)3 did not. Trimethionine was rapidly
      hydrolysed by a peptidase after entry into the cell.

PMID- 392050
TI  - A solid-phase immunosorbent technique for the rapid detection of rubella IgM by
      haemagglutination inhibition.
AB  - The rubella haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) test has been modified for the
      detection of rubella-specific IgM. The rubella HAI test is performed in
      microtitre plate wells in which IgM from patients' sera has been selectively
      retained by anti-human IgM bound to the polystyrene surface. The test requires
      only anti-human IgM-coated microtitre plates, in addition to the standard rubella
      HAI reagents. The results obtained in this test, a solid-phase immunosorbent
      technique (SPIT), are in good agreement with results obtained by the sucrose
      density gradient centrifugation technique (DGCT). Advantages include the
      essentially unrestricted number of sera which can be tested daily, the
      availability of results within 24 h and the lack of interference by rheumatoid
      factor and by rubella-specific IgG.

PMID- 392051
TI  - The sensitivity of measles virus haemolysin to acetone and the preparation of
      mono-specific human anti-haemolysin by absorption.
AB  - The haemolysin of measles virus, either in the virion or in infected cells, is
      functionally and antigenically sensitive to acetone. Absorption of human sera
      with acetone-treated, measles virus-infected cells removes antibodies to all
      measles virus structural antigens except haemolysin. The antibody titres of
      absorbed sera give good correlation in HLI, neutralization and fluorescent
      antibody staining on unfixed infected cells.

PMID- 392052
TI  - The replication of picornaviruses.

PMID- 392053
TI  - The case for Victor A. Reko--an unrecognized pioneer writer on New World
      hallucinogens.
AB  - Victor A. Reko's book Magische Gifte, in which he recorded a number of original
      observations on New-World psychotropic drugs including the first modern
      recognition that teonanacatl was a mushroom and not a cactus, was well received
      when it first appeared in 1936. However, his contributions to the literature of
      this and other obscure plant hallucinogens such as ololiuqui and sinicuichi, have
      not received the recognition they deserve. His writings, evaluated objectively on
      the bases of modern scientific knowledge and historical evidence, establish Reko
      as an important pioneer in this field and show his accomplishments worthy of
      acclaim.

PMID- 392054
TI  - An overview of cyclotron treatment, Bragg peak proton hypophysectomy and Bragg
      peak radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformation of the brain.

PMID- 392055
TI  - Formation of DNA-damaging and mutagenic activity in the reaction systems
      containing nitrite and butylated hydroxyanisole, tryptophan, or cysteine.
AB  - It was confirmed by the procedure of rec-assay that DNA-damaging activities were
      formed in the reaction systems containing nitrite and phenol derivatives
      including BHA, tryptophan or cysteine under gastric pH conditions. The mutagenic
      action of the nitrite-BHA, nitrite-tryptophan and nitrite-cysteine systems was
      also tested according to Ames' method using Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535 and TA
      98. The mutagenic activity was observed in the nitrite-tryptophan and nitrite
      cysteine systems, though the nitrite-BHA system did not show the activity. The
      DNA-damaging products were generally labile, i.e., the activity decreased
      significantly after 1.5 to 2 hours of the reaction, except in the case of the
      nitrite-BHA system. The DNA-damaging activity in the nitrite-BHA system did not
      decrease even after 48 hours of the reaction. Nitrosophenol derivatives
      themselves showed the DNA-damaging activity at pH 1. The active product in the
      nitrite-BHA system was isolated and the structure was determined to be 2-tert
      butyl-quinone. This compound gave a positive rec-assay test, and showed no
      mutagenesis by Ames' method. The active product from the nitrite-cysteine system
      was infered to be nitrosocysteine, and the product showed both DNA-damaging and
      mutagenic activity.

PMID- 392056
TI  - Web of causation of dental caries: targets of prevention.

PMID- 392057
TI  - Survey of impression materials and techniques in Oklahoma.

PMID- 392058
TI  - Ernest Lachman 1901-1979.

PMID- 392059
TI  - Large fibro-osseous lesion necessitating mandibular resection and reconstruction.

PMID- 392060
TI  - Charles V. Caldarone, DMD, FAOM.

PMID- 392061
TI  - Allergic stomatitides.

PMID- 392062
TI  - Survey of impression materials and techniques in Oregon.

PMID- 392063
TI  - An ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study on the delta antigen associated
      with the hepatitis B virus.
AB  - Thirteen liver biopsies in which the delta antigen was detected by
      immunofluorescence were studied by electron microscopy and immune electron
      microscopy with peroxidase labelled IgG and F(ab1)2 fraction obtained from a
      human antiserum containing high-titre anti-delta antibodies. The findings were
      compared with those obtained in 11 HBcAg positive and in two HBsAg negative
      controls. Neither unique particulate morphology nor any HB virus ultrastructural
      component were visualised in the delta positive specimens; 20-23 nm naked core
      particles were observed in 10 of 11 biopsies displaying the HBcAg in
      immunofluorescence. Delta positive nuclei frequently contained dense round
      structures of diameter varying between 20 and 30 nm with a soft indistinct edge.
      These granules did not exhibit characteristic ultrastructural features which
      enabled them to be distinguished from other granular material observed
      occasionally in nuclei of normal and diseased livers. However, their association
      with the delta antigen has been proved by the deposition on identical structures
      of peroxidase labelled anti-delta antibody. These results suggest that the delta
      antigen is unrelated to the Dane particle, the putative HB virus. The granules
      observed in the delta positive nuclei are composed of an amorphous matrix,
      possibly insoluble aggregates of the delta antigen.

PMID- 392064
TI  - Some aspects of pulmonary defence.

PMID- 392065
TI  - Action of gold thioglucose on pericapillary structures in the ventromedial
      hypothalamus.
AB  - The administration of GTG to mice leads to death of all structures in a
      circumscribed area of the VMH as a result of loss of blood circulation. The loss
      of circulation is due to damage by GTG of neural processes adjacent to some of
      the capillaries in this area; damage to these processes leads to abnormal
      capillary permeability. Pericapillary damage occurs under conditions where
      capillary damage and consequent necrosis are prevented. Abnormal capillary
      permeability appears to follow release of a vasoactive substance from the damaged
      neural processes. Damage to the pericapillary neural processes by GTG is insulin
      dependent and is counteracted by glucocorticoids.

PMID- 392066
TI  - Mediation by serotonin of gold thioglucose-induced necrosis of the ventromedial
      hypothalamus.
AB  - Agents that lower serotonin levels or inhibit serotonin action prevent GTG
      indurea and that such damage leads to abnormally increased capillary
      permeability. Since the VMH is rich in serotonin and since serotonin is a potent
      oedema-producing agent mice, these findings indicate that the production of
      necrosis by GTG is mediated by release of serotonin from the damaged
      pericapillary processes.

PMID- 392067
TI  - The detection of a contractile apparatus in murine multinucleate giant cells.
AB  - Cinemicrographic investigations have shown multinucleate giant cells to be motile
      and contractile while immunofluorescent and biochemical studies have demonstrated
      the presence of actin-like proteins. These contractile proteins are concentrated
      in the centrospheric and perinuclear regions, while a more streaky distribution
      is present in the more peripheral parts of the polykaryon. This distribution
      corresponds with that of cytoplasmic filaments measuring 6-7 nm as seen by
      electron microscopy. The presence of similar proteins in macrophages, the
      precursor cells of multinucleate giant cells, indicates that these contractile
      proteins continue to be produced after macrophage fusion and that they are
      reorganised within the structural arrangements of the syncytium.

PMID- 392069
TI  - Ontogenetic development of the immune system and effects of fetal growth
      retardation.

PMID- 392068
TI  - Pediatric keratoplasty: problems in management.
AB  - A summary of experience in pediatric keratoplasty is given by adding ten recent
      cases to a previous report. A review of keratoplasty in infants and children from
      the literature generally recommends the procedure as safe and effective. Recent
      reports, however, cast some doubt on the effectiveness of the procedure for
      certain conditions. An update of experience is given as a focal point for a
      discussion of problems in clinical management of children who undergo
      keratoplasty. These problems are arbitrarily separated by pre-, intra-, and
      postoperative time frames.

PMID- 392070
TI  - Relationships between Hand Test variables and mental retardation: a confirmation
      and extension.
AB  - Eighty-one mentally retarded individuals, including a range of deficiencies
      (severe, moderate, and mild), were given the Hand Test in order to investigate
      the relationship between IQ and personality. There were significant correlations
      between Hand Test personality variables and IQ and different subgroup
      configurations were noted. Implications of the results are discussed.

PMID- 392071
TI  - [Toxicity of fluorocarbons--aerosol propellants (author's transl)].

PMID- 392072
TI  - Radioimmunoassay and enzyme-immunoassay compared for determination of
      theophylline in human plasma.

PMID- 392073
TI  - [New trends in medicinal chemistry (author's transl)].

PMID- 392075
TI  - Bi-axial stereotaxic head holder [proceedings].

PMID- 392074
TI  - Immunocytochemical identification of gastrin cells in the alimentary tract of the
      sheep [proceedings].

PMID- 392076
TI  - Morphological characteristics of lateral rectus motoneurones shown by
      intracellular injection of HRP.
AB  - The morphology of identified lateral rectus motoneurones is described after
      staining by intracellular iontophoresis of horseradish peroxidase. Soma vary in
      shape and size according to the number and orientation of primary dendrites. The
      basic pattern of arborisation shows short primary dendrites which branch close to
      the soma, forming a distal ramification extending over 600 to 1,200 micrometer
      from the soma. Distal dendrites extend into the ipsilateral medial vestibular
      nucleus, the reticular formation and amongst the fibres of the medial
      longitudinal fasciculus. This extension is greater than that previously seen in
      procion yellow and Golgi stained lateral rectus motoneurones. The axon originates
      from the perikarya or from the base of a primary dendrite. No axon collaterals
      have been observed.

PMID- 392077
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Genichi Kato].

PMID- 392078
TI  - Why not give Wakley credit?

PMID- 392079
TI  - A randomized controlled trial of aspirin in the prevention of early mortality in
      myocardial infarction.
AB  - A randomized controlled trial is reported in which a single dose of aspirin (300
      mg) was given to patients with myocardial infarction on first contact with a
      general practitioner. A total of 1,705 patients with confirmed infarction were
      studied, and survival ascertained. There was no evidence of benefit from the
      aspirin.

PMID- 392080
TI  - G. I. Watson.

PMID- 392081
TI  - The evidence that inhibin must exist.
AB  - The historical development of the 'inhibin' hypothesis is restated and the recent
      evidence reviewed. The circumstantial evidence for inhibin now seems very strong,
      and it probably acts in both sexes. Active materials have been isolated from
      several sources but it is not clear which is the circulating form of inhibin and
      a reciprocal relationship between circulating inhibin and FSH levels has not yet
      been demonstrated. Nevertheless, it appears that we may be optimistic about the
      existence of inhibin though the importance of its role as a physiological
      feedback inhibitor is still controversial.

PMID- 392082
TI  - Inhibin production by Sertoli cells in culture.
AB  - Studies on the secretion of inhibin and its mode of action were carried out in
      vitro, utilizing cell cultures. Isolated rat Sertoli cells secreted an inhibin
      like heat-labile, non-dialysable substance, Sertoli Cell Factor (SCF), which
      could selectively suppress FSH secretion by rat anterior pituitary cells. SCF
      selectively suppressed the basal and GnRH-stimulated FSH release as well as the
      de-novo synthesis of FSH by acting directly on the pituitary cells. In 1 out of 5
      experiments, SCF also suppressed the synthesis of LH, possibly by affecting the
      overall protein synthesis. Under similar culture conditions, Sertoli cells
      isolated from animals between 18 and 90 days of age secreted comparable amounts
      of SCF. In contrast, anterior pituitary cells from adult rats (60-90 days old)
      were considerably more sensitive to SCF than pituitary cells obtained from
      younger (18-33 days old) animals, suggesting that decline in circulating FSH
      level, occurring at approximately 35 days of age, may result from increased
      pituitary sensitivity to inhibin. Besides identifying the Sertoli cells as the
      site of inhibin production in the testis, these studies demonstrated direct
      action of inhibin at the pituitary cell level, resulting in suppression of FSH
      synthesis and release.

PMID- 392084
TI  - Induction of abortion by intramuscular administration of (15S)-15-methyl PGF2
      alpha. An overview of 815 cases.
AB  - The use of intramuscular (15S)-15-methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha (Prostin/15 M
      [The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan] sterile solution; carboprost
      tromethamine) for termination of pregnancy between six and 24 weeks' gestation
      was studied by 20 investigators. Of 815 women treated according to the dosage
      regimen described here, 78.4% had complete abortions and 18.0% incomplete
      abortions, for an overall success rate of 96.4%. The majority of patients had
      vomiting and diarrhea but usually tolerated these side effects well enough that
      treatment did not have to be discontinued. There were no serious adverse
      reactions directly attributable to the prostaglandin therapy.

PMID- 392085
TI  - T lymphocyte subpopulations responsive to alloantigens.

PMID- 392086
TI  - Mode of action of immunological adjuvants.

PMID- 392087
TI  - Recent developments concerning muramyl dipeptide, a synthetic immunoregulating
      molecule.

PMID- 392083
TI  - Immunologic factors in infertility. Antibodies against spermatozoa.

PMID- 392088
TI  - A multifunctional receptor on the neutrophil for synthetic chemotactic
      oligopeptides.

PMID- 392089
TI  - Membrane and cytoplasmic correlates of initial lymphocyte activation.

PMID- 392090
TI  - Glucocorticoid effects on circulating human mononuclear cells.

PMID- 392091
TI  - Effects of intravenous carrageenan on immune responses and on the
      reticulonendothelial system.

PMID- 392092
TI  - Immunologic reconstitution of patients with immune deficiency.

PMID- 392093
TI  - Complement fixing antibodies to DS-DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus: a study
      using the immunofluorescent Crithidia luciliae method.
AB  - Crithidia luciliae, a hemoflagellate, was used in an immunofluorescent procedure
      to assay for antibodies to ds-DNA and their capacity to fix complement. Positive
      reactions with this method were limited to systemic lupus erythematosus patients,
      and sensitivity was comparable to the DNA binding assay. Complement fixing
      activity of antibodies to ds-DNA in 45 sera was determined using kinetoplast ds
      DNA of Crithidia luciliae and an antiserum to C3. Complement fixing antibodies to
      ds-DNA were found in nearly all patients with documented active renal involvement
      and absent in nearly all patients with no, or inactive renal involvement.

PMID- 392094
TI  - Increasing dose of naproxen in rheumatoid arthritis: use with and without
      corticosteroids.
AB  - A group of 50 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (half of whom received
      prednisone for 12 weeks before and then during the study) participated in a
      double-blind trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of 3 dosages of naproxen
      (125, 250, and 500 mg b.i.d.). Increasing dosages of naproxen were associated
      with increasing levels of therapeutic response and increasing serum levels of
      naproxen with no evidence of toxicity. Corticosteroid patients did not exhibit
      the same pattern of increasing levels of efficacy. The study demonstrates a
      dosage-related increasing pattern of efficacy for naproxen up to 1,000 mg/day, a
      pattern not yet demonstrated for the other non-steroidal antinflammatory drugs.

PMID- 392096
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus:
      too little or too much.

PMID- 392095
TI  - Results of combined amphotericin B-5-fluorcytosine therapy for prosthetic knee
      joint infected with Candida parapsilosis.
AB  - A prosthetic knee joint became infected with Candida parapsilosis, apparently
      introduced by arthrocentesis. The infection was quite indolent, present for
      several months before treatment. Although the joint fluid contained antibiotic
      concentrations in excess of the organism's minimum inhibitory concentration,
      medical therapy failed, and cure required removing the prosthesis and fusion of
      the knee.

PMID- 392097
TI  - Search for Reiter's syndrome after an outbreak of Shigella sonnei dysentery.
AB  - Forty-seven % of 4,205 individuals living in a Puerto Rican community developed
      Shigella sonnei dysentery. Questionnaire and, where relevant, clinical evaluation
      of 1,970 patients and the remaining 2,235 unaffected residents disclosed no cases
      of Reiter's syndrome (RS). Among the possible explanations for failure to observe
      any cases is the important suggestion that S. sonnei is not arthritogenic.

PMID- 392098
TI  - Synthesis and mutagenicity of 5,11-dimethylchrysene and some methyl-oxidized
      derivatives of 5-methylchrysene.
AB  - A series of compounds structurally related to the carcinogen and mutagen 5
      methylchrysene (1) was synthesized and tested for mutagenicity toward S.
      typhimurium TA 100. The compounds prepared were 5,11-dimethylchrysene (2), 5
      (hydroxymethyl)chrysene (3), 5-(acetoxymethyl)chrysene (4), 5
      carbomethoxychrysene (5), 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochrysene (6), 5
      carbomethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrochrysene (7), and 5H-chryseno[4,5-bcd]pyran-5-one
      (31). When tested in the presence of rat liver homogenate, 1 and 2 were active
      while 3--7 were less mutagenic than 1; 31 was highly mutagenic. The mutagenicity
      of 1 and 2 contrasts with the low activity of 5,12-dimethylchrysene, which
      supports the generalization that the structural requirements favoring activity
      are a bay-region methyl group and a free peri position, both adjacent to an
      unsubstituted angular ring. The low activity of 3--7 indicates that methyl
      oxidation is not an important activation process for 1. This agrees with previous
      studies in which the major proximate mutagen and carcinogen of 1 was identified
      as 1,2-dihydro-1,2-dihydroxy-5-methylchrysene.

PMID- 392100
TI  - Cephalosporin derivatives with 2- and 4-pyridone groups at carbon-3.
AB  - Two compounds, analogues of cephalexin with 2- and 4-pyridone groups at C-3, were
      prepared. Biological evaluation found the compounds to exhibit activity against
      Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms in vitro and in vivo. The compounds
      were only active in vivo on subcutaneous administration.

PMID- 392099
TI  - 2-Acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones. 2. N4,N4-Disubstituted derivatives as
      potential antimalarial agents.
AB  - The most effective antimalarial agents among the N4-monosubstituted 2
      acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones recently described by us have a cyclohexyl or a
      phenyl substituent and produce cures in Plasmodium berghei infected mice at a
      dose of 160 and 320 mg/kg, respectively. We report here on a related series of
      N4,N4-disubstituted 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones. Several members of this
      group bearing alkyl or cycloalkyl substituents at N4 show activity superior to
      the most active monosubstituted 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazones. However, the
      greatest improvement in potency was seen when the N4-nitrogen atom was
      incorporated into a six- or seven-membered ring, such as the piperidine,
      piperazine, or azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane systems, to give compounds with curative
      properties at a dose level as low as 20 mg/kg.

PMID- 392102
TI  - The 1979 Michigan dental directory.

PMID- 392101
TI  - Envenomation by Loxosceles reclusa.

PMID- 392103
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a new composite resin with and without acid etching of
      enamel cavity walls--2 year results.

PMID- 392104
TI  - Estimation of tubule or cylinder LV, SV and VV on thick sections.
AB  - The estimators of tubule or cylinder LV = 2NA, SV = 2IL, and VV = PP are
      considered in terms of bias due to section thickness, diameter, overlap, and
      grazing or fuzzy profiles. The superiority in a number of cases of the indirect
      estimation of SV and VV as functions of LV and profile diameter is discussed.
      Statistical aspects are dealt with in a practical example.

PMID- 392105
TI  - Evaluation of IgG molecules, Fab' fragments and IgG-horseradish peroxidase
      conjugates as surface labels for freeze-etched membranes.
AB  - Sheep red blood cell (SRBC) ghosts were incubated with preparations of anti-SRBC
      IgG, antigen-binding fragments of IgG (Fab') or IgG coupled to horseradish
      peroxidase (HRPO). Frozen samples of the labelled ghosts were deep-etched and
      replicated with platinum-carbon to visualize their surface features in the
      transmission electron microscope. The surfaces of control ghosts contain a very
      low number of 'background' particles (42 +/- 8 particles/micron 2) that vary in
      size from 4.5 to 25 nm. After labelling with whole IgG the density of surface
      particles (average diameter 12.3 nm) increases dramatically to 480 +/- 54 per
      micron 2. Fab'-labelled ghosts exhibited both significantly fewer (87 +/- 14
      particles/micron 2) and smaller (average diameter 9.8 nm) surface particles.
      Ghosts labelled with IgG-HRPO conjugates possessed 590 +/- 45 particles/micron 2
      with an average diameter of 15.3 nm. When these ghosts were incubated with
      diaminobenzidine and hydrogen peroxide the average size but not the density of
      the particles increased. Based on these and other observations we conclude that
      an organic surface marker for freeze-etched membranes has to have a diameter of
      greater than 15 nm if it is to be consistently seen over extended areas and
      against the background granularity of the surface of a red blood cell ghost.
      Somewhat better resolution may be expected if markers consisting of inorganic
      crystals with a distinct shape and coupled to Fab' fragments can be made.

PMID- 392106
TI  - On defining the thermal history of cells during the freezing of biological
      materials.
AB  - An explicit numerical finite difference scheme for defining the thermal history
      of a cell or group of cells contained within a biological sample of prescribed
      shape is described. Solutions are presented for three different cases of freezing
      of biological materials prior to microscopic examination. It is concluded that a
      surface boundary condition must be specified in any experiment before cell
      ultrastructure or viability can be related to thermal history or cooling rate.

PMID- 392107
TI  - A new light microscopic method for the synchronous bidirectional illumination and
      viewing of living cells in different contrast modes, and/or at different focal
      levels or magnifications.
AB  - A new method of light microscopy for the analysis of the behaviour of living
      cells in vitro exploits two objects for simultaneous image formation, each
      serving the other as a condenser. Simultaneous viewing from opposite sides allows
      the specimen to be examined at: (a) two different magnifications, permitting the
      locomotion of whole cell (groups) to be studied at a low magnification and
      details of interaction of colliding surfaces at a high magnification; (b) two
      different focal levels, permitting, for example, details near the substrate
      surface to be recorded at the same time as information concerning the behaviour
      of the free, dorsal surface; and (c) two different contrast modes, such as
      negative and positive phase contrast, and dark and bright field illuminations.
      These possibilities can be combined, for example, to contrast a high
      magnification view in negative phase contrast at one focal level with a low
      magnification image in ordinary brightfield at another focal level in the same
      living cells.

PMID- 392108
TI  - Centrically related casts. Part 1: a two-step method for recording centric
      relation.

PMID- 392109
TI  - Molecular cloning of the DNA ligase gene from bacteriophage T4. II. Amplification
      and preparation of the gene product.

PMID- 392110
TI  - Yeast UAA suppressors effective in psi+ strains: leucine-inserting suppressors.

PMID- 392111
TI  - Incomplete detachment of parental coliphage T4 DNA from the host cell membrane.

PMID- 392112
TI  - Myocardial metabolism and the impact of Richard Bing.

PMID- 392113
TI  - Evolution of the identification of the major South American narcotic plants.

PMID- 392114
TI  - Hallucinogenic plants: their earliest botanical descriptions.

PMID- 392115
TI  - Traditional use in North America of Amanita muscaria for divinatory purposes.

PMID- 392116
TI  - The legend of Miskwedo.

PMID- 392117
TI  - Peyotl and mescaline.

PMID- 392118
TI  - How LSD originated.

PMID- 392119
TI  - Psilocin, bufotenine and serotonin: historical and biosynthetic observations.

PMID- 392120
TI  - Shamanic origins of religion and medicine.

PMID- 392121
TI  - Ethnopharmacology and taxonomy of Mexican psychodysleptic plants.

PMID- 392122
TI  - Metabolic inhibitors and subcellular distribution of GABA.
AB  - Experimental procedures are described which are believed to yield results that
      reflect, within certain limits, the in vivo changes of the size of the GABA pool
      in nerve endings in comparison with those of all other GABA pools. Two
      irreversible GABA-T inhibitors, vinyl GABA and acetylenic GABA, two GAD
      inhibitors, 3-mercaptopropionic acid and pyridoxal phosphate glutamyl-gamma
      hydrazone, and di-n propylacetate, a clinically useful anticonvulsant, have been
      studied to determine their effects on GABA compartmentalization in mouse brain
      cortex. The changes elicited by these drugs in subcellular fractions of brain
      cortex homogenates support the notion that measurement of amino acid
      concentrations in crude synaptosomal fractions and in supernatant fractions under
      controlled conditions allow one to draw conclusions about relative changes of
      pool sizes in vivo. In particular this work showed that a specific increase in
      the concentration of GABA within the nerve endings is more important than a large
      increase of total brain GABA as a means of decreasing susceptibility to a variety
      of chemically or physically induced seizures.

PMID- 392123
TI  - Isolation of pathogens other than Yersinia pestis during plague investigations.
AB  - From 1975 to 1978, 37 isolates of Pasteurella multocida, 1 of Salmonella
      enteriditis, and 5 of Francisella tularensis were recovered from 42 mammalian
      specimens and 1 flea pool submitted for examination for evidence of infection
      with Yersinia pestis. Most of the specimens were collected during investigations
      of either a human plague infection or a reported epizootic among rodent
      populations. All specimens were of species regularly or occasionally involved in
      plague or tularemia cycles in nature and most were collected in areas of known
      plague or tularemia activity.

PMID- 392124
TI  - A missed vertical root fracture.

PMID- 392125
TI  - [Recent development of beta-lactam drugs (author's transl)].

PMID- 392126
TI  - [Intestinal flora and bile acids metabolism -- influence of bile acids on
      rejection of Shigella flexneri 2a from the intestine (author's transl)].

PMID- 392127
TI  - [Hemodynamic aberrations in hypertension--from the physiological standpoint].

PMID- 392128
TI  - [Essential hypertension and the autonomic nervous system].

PMID- 392129
TI  - [Prostaglandin and kallikrein-kinin system in essential hypertension].

PMID- 392130
TI  - [Glucocorticoid- and sex-steroid system in the etiological mechanism of essential
      hypertension].

PMID- 392131
TI  - [Essential hypertension and dopamine beta-hydroxylase].

PMID- 392133
TI  - [Guyton's model of hypertension].

PMID- 392132
TI  - [Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR): Recent development from the etiological
      studies to prognostic and preventive medicine].

PMID- 392135
TI  - [Big renin (inactive renin) and renin substrate].

PMID- 392134
TI  - [Low-renin essential hypertension--as an independent disease entity].

PMID- 392136
TI  - [Angiotensin converting enzyme--captopril].

PMID- 392137
TI  - [Angiotensin II analogue and essential hypertension].

PMID- 392138
TI  - [Renal hypertension].

PMID- 392140
TI  - [Hypertension caused by oral contraceptives].

PMID- 392139
TI  - [Adrenal cortex diseases and hypertension].

PMID- 392141
TI  - [History of bacteriology in Japan (36)].

PMID- 392142
TI  - [Aging and amyloid].

PMID- 392143
TI  - [Etiological studies of amyloidosis--introduction of disease models and
      immunogenetic analysis].

PMID- 392145
TI  - [History of bacteriology in Japan (35)].

PMID- 392144
TI  - [Management of autonomic disorders in amyloidosis].

PMID- 392147
TI  - [State-of-the-art of biomedical image processing (author's transl)].

PMID- 392146
TI  - [Immunohistochemical analysis of the affected skin in patients with lupus
      erythematosus and its significance (author's transl)].

PMID- 392148
TI  - [Immunohistological examination of glomerulonephritis. I. Complement system in
      chronic glomerulonephritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 392149
TI  - Control mechanisms of intrasinusoidal flow pattern of blood.

PMID- 392150
TI  - Status of emergency medicine residency programs.

PMID- 392151
TI  - An immunohistochemical study of lysozyme in the human nasal mucosa.

PMID- 392153
TI  - [Pharmacodynamics of rifampicin--bacteriological and pharmacological action of
      rifampicin].

PMID- 392152
TI  - Hormonal studies before and after wedge resection in Japanese patients with
      polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO).

PMID- 392154
TI  - [Methods for registration of vital parameters and longtime control in
      neonatologic intensive care].
AB  - The authors report about their experiences in the bed-side monitoring and
      registration of different vital parameters by means of apparatuses produced in
      GDR. The following parameters were recorded: electroencephalogram, myogram,
      electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram, electrocardiotachogram, respirogram, tidal
      volume, flow-volue and esophageal pressure. Special attention was payed to the
      problems of electrodes and the practical construction of the systems for the
      discontinuing and the continuing registration in order to realize an automatical
      trend-analysis and data-documentation in a neonatal ICU.

PMID- 392155
TI  - [Embryonal alcohol syndrome ].
AB  - The permanent alcohol abuse of a pregnant woman is of high risk for the embryo
      especially during the first weeks of pregnancy. It is prerequisite to the
      embryonic alcohol syndrome that the ethylalcohol passes the placenta.
      Subsequently hypotrophic infants with multiple malformations of minor and major
      quality are born. Part of the malformations are characteristic, part of them are
      unspecific for the disease. They altogether represent the entity of the embryonic
      alcohol syndrome. Occurrence and intensity of the disease depend on the daily
      quantity of pure alcohol, especially during the first month of pregnancy, on the
      level of non-metabolized ethylalcohol in the mother's blood, and on the stage of
      the maternal alcohol disease according to Jellinek. To prevent the embryonic
      alcohol syndrome means to prevent the maternal chronic alcohol abuse.

PMID- 392156
TI  - [Prof. Kurt Lorenz on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 392157
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of methods of perfusion-less
      hypothermic preservation of cadaveric donor kidneys].

PMID- 392159
TI  - [Free graft of a skin-subcutaneous fascial flap with the application of
      microvascular anastomoses for covering a tissue defect].

PMID- 392160
TI  - [Aneurysms of the left ventricle].

PMID- 392158
TI  - [Variants in siting the kidney autograft in vasorenal hypertension].

PMID- 392161
TI  - [Transintestinal method of creating cervical esophagoenterostomy].

PMID- 392162
TI  - [In memory of Boris Sergeevich Rozanov].

PMID- 392163
TI  - [Problems of organ preservation].

PMID- 392164
TI  - [Liver transplantation (experimental study)].

PMID- 392166
TI  - [Surgical treatment of sacral dermoids].

PMID- 392165
TI  - [Surgical treatment of external intestinal fistulas].

PMID- 392167
TI  - [Treatment of fissure in ano].

PMID- 392168
TI  - [Presentation of the award of the Theodor Axenfeld Prize to Prof. Akira
      Nakajima].

PMID- 392169
TI  - [Operative treatment of spastic entropion with the A. M. Vodovozov procedure
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Vodovozov's operation was performed in 37 cases of spastic entropion. The
      functional effect was always lasting and the cosmetic outcome good. Not one
      relapse was seen. The operation can be used in acquired and in congenital forms
      of entropion.

PMID- 392171
TI  - [Fatal complications following the implantation of artificial lense (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The number of cataract operations with implantation of artificial lenses has been
      increasing in recent years. However, there is hardly any information available
      concerning possible serious consequences. While there are detailed reports on
      histopathological findings following conventional cataract operations, fatal
      complications of this technically complex intervention are only mentioned
      occasionally. There were 9 cases with serious complications in our polyclinic in
      1976, and this report deals with the histopathological findings in 6 enucleated
      eyes. The authors warn against ill-considered decisions to perform a lens
      implantation.

PMID- 392170
TI  - [Development of the retrocorneal membrane following penetrating keratoplasty
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of 57 cases with retrocorneal membrane following penetrating
      keratoplasty are reported and discussed with regard to their clinical and
      histopathological pictures and pathogenesis.

PMID- 392173
TI  - [Optical properties and clinical performance of the Topcon retinal camera TRC-FET
      3 (author's transl)].
AB  - A Topcon Retinal Camera TRC-FET 3 was tested for several weeks under laboratory
      and clinical routine conditions. The optical properties turned out as good and
      meet the requirements for retinal cameras in all details. Remarkable is the high
      speed of the imaging system, which allows working with low flash energies and
      with high flash frequency. The resolving power is high (8 microns at the center)
      and decreases slowly to the periphery. The illumination of the fundus is fairly
      homogeneous. Many filters of good performance are provided. There was no problem
      in handling the camera, and the test photographs as well as the clinical routine
      photographs were of high quality.

PMID- 392172
TI  - [Efficacy and safety of long-term maintenance treatment with timolol ophthalmic
      solution in chronic open-angle glaucoma (author's transl)].
AB  - Timoptol Ophthalmic Solution (timolol maleate, MSD) is a topical beta-adrenergic
      receptor blokking agent which lowers elevated intraocular pressure when applied
      once or twice daily. It represents a major advance in topical therapy for
      glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure. It is more effective in reducing
      elevated intraocular pressure and produces fewer side effects than pilocarpine
      and epinephrine. It does not alter pupil size or affect visual acuity. Timoptol
      maintained satisfactory reductions in intraocular pressure in long-term
      maintenance studies treating over 100 patients for up to 16 months. The drug was
      well tolerated and without serious adverse effects. In general, reductions in
      intraocular pressure for non-white patients (predominantly Blacks) were similar
      to the Whites.

PMID- 392174
TI  - Renal tubular control of potassium transport.

PMID- 392176
TI  - [Role of erythropoietin deficiency in the pathogenesis of renal anemia].
AB  - A review is given of clinical studies performed by use of a highly sensitive in
      vitro erythropoietin assay (fetal mouse livercell culture) in large patients'
      populations to clarify the controversial role of erythropoietin deficiency in the
      pathogenesis of renal anemia. Studies involved a.) patients with chronic renal
      disease and varying degree of renal insufficiency in the predialysis phase b.)
      non-nephrectomized and anephric patients on regular hemodialysis treatment. The
      data available demonstrate that the initial phase of renal anemia is accompanied
      by a compensatory increase of serumerythropoietin concentration and therefore
      erythropoietin deficiency has to be excluded as a primary cause of the anemia of
      renal failure; merely a relative lack of erythropoietin seems to exist. In the
      terminal phase of renal failure, erythropoietin deficiency becomes absolute, such
      in 50% of the investigated non-nephrectomized hemodialysis patients and in all
      anephric patients. However in individual patients even in terminal renal failure
      a sustained regulatory feedback mechanism between serumerythropoietin
      concentration and hematocrit, probably working at lower hematocrit level, could
      be demonstrated.

PMID- 392175
TI  - Renal transport of amino acids.
AB  - According to recent experimental data the renal transport of amino acids (AA) is
      characterized as follows. 1. Kinetics: Several reabsorption systems remove AA
      from the tubular fluid by active transport with Michaelis-Menten type kinetics.
      Passive diffusion does play only a relatively small role in reabsorption, but
      determines the pump leak steady state concentration at the end of the tubule. 2.
      Stereospecificity: Except for aspartate the naturally occurring L-analogs show a
      much larger affinity to the transport "carriers" than the D-isomers do. 3.
      Specificity: Separate transport mechanisms exist for a) the "acidic" AA (Glu and
      Asp); b) the "dibasic" AA (Arg, Lys, Orn); c) cystine/cystine; d) the "imino"
      acids (Pro, OH-Pro and other N-substituted AA); e) the beta- and gamma-AA (beta
      Ala, GABA, Taurine); f) all other "neutral" AA. For the group (d) and maybe also
      for (b) and glycine additional low capacity/high affinity systems exist. 4.
      Localization: Except for glycine and taurine under normal conditions more than
      80% of the filtered load are reabsorbed within the first third of the proximal
      tubule. At an elevated load the rest of the proximal tubule (including pars
      recta) but not the distal nephron is included into the reabsorptive process. AA
      are also taken up from the peritubular blood. 5. Energy sources: At least the
      main part of AA uptake at the brushborder membrane is dependent from a
      transmembranal Na+-gradient which in turn is established by the ATP driven Na+
      pumps at the basolateral side of the cell (Secondary active transport or co
      transport of AA). 6. Biochemistry: The biochemical nature of the AA-"carriers" is
      unknown. The recent hypothesis than a "gamma-glutamyl cycle" plays a major role
      in this context has been disproved to great extent. 7. Peptides: Oligopeptides
      (Angiotensin, Gluthathion) filtered at the glomerulum are hydrolyzed by
      brushborder peptidases within the tubule lumen. The splitting products, the free
      constituent amino acids, are reabsorbed subsequently by their respective
      transport systems.

PMID- 392177
TI  - [Renal kallikrein-kinin system and control of blood pressure (author's transl)].
AB  - Kallikrein excreted with the urine appears to be formed in the kidney. The
      kallikrein-kinin system in the kidney is localized in the distal nephron from the
      juxtaglomerular apparatus to the collecting duct. It has been shown that
      intrarenal infusion of kinins produces an increase in renal blood flow as well as
      diuresis and natriuresis. Part of the effect of kinins appears to be mediated by
      the release of prostaglandins. However, the precise role of the renal kallikrein
      kinin system in sodium and volume homeostasis and in blood pressure regulation
      still remains to be determined. Mineralocorticoids as well as the diuretics
      furosemide, bumetanide and bendroflumethiazide increase, spironolactone decreases
      kallikrein excretion. Urinary kallikrein has been shown to increase acid-as well
      as cryoactivation of prorenin in vitro. It is unclear as yet, however, whether
      the renal kallikrein-kinin system takes part in converting inactive prorenin into
      active renin in vivo. There are reports on subnormal, normal as well as increased
      kallikrein excretion in spontaneously hypertensive rats. In rats susceptible to
      the hypertensive effect of salt a substantially decreased excretion of kallikrein
      has been observed. Kallikrein excretion has been described to be increased in
      primary aldosteronism and to be reduced in a proportion of patients with
      established essential hypertension. In patients with labile hypertension,
      however, kallikrein excretion appears to be normal suggesting that decreased
      urinary kallikrein in essential hypertension is a consequence rather than a cause
      of hypertension. The renal kallikrein-kinin system does not appear to play a
      primary role in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

PMID- 392178
TI  - Salivary kallikrein excretion in hypertension.
AB  - According to immunohistochemical investigations kallikrein in the majors salivary
      glands is located predominantly at the apical border of the striated duct cells
      and as a luminal rim in the main excretory ducts. Comparatively the highest
      concentrations are observed in the submandibular gland of rats and cats in the
      cytoplasmic granules of the granular tubules. In normal humans and rats the
      kallikrein activity of parotid saliva is inversely related to flow rate and
      sodium concentration. An increased salivary kallikrein concentration is found in
      human essential hypertension and renoparenchymal hypertension associated with
      impaired kidney function. Furthermore in rats with various forms of hypertension
      (genetic hypertension, DOCTMA salt and renovascular hypertension) the salivary
      kallikrein secretion - as determined by the BAEE-esterase activity - is enhanced.
      In contrast to the kallikrein secretion the flow dependent sodium concentration
      of parotid saliva is reduced in human essential and renoparenchymal hypertension
      as well as in rats with various forms of experimental and genetic hypertension,
      which indicates an enhanced sodium reabsorption in the glandular duct system.
      Furthermore in most forms of hypertension, there is a tendency of higher
      potassium levels in the saliva. The pathogenesis of the enhanced glandular
      kallikrein secretion in hypertension is discussed with regard to a
      counterregulatory mechanism in hypertension as well as to a sympathicoadrenergic
      activation. The enhanced sodium reabsorption in the duct system in the various
      forms of hypertension could be the cause as well as a consequence of the enhanced
      kallikrein secretion.

PMID- 392179
TI  - [Vitamin D metabolism in kidney insufficiency: disorders of an endocrine
      regulatory zone].
AB  - The vitamin metabolite 25(OH)D is transformed into the active secosterole
      1.25(OH)2D3 in the proximal tubular epithelium of the kidney. This transformation
      is disturbed in patients with renal insufficiency. However, this review shows
      that presumably not all vitamin D dependent disturbances in patients with renal
      insufficiency are explicable merely as the consequence of reduced renal synthesis
      of 1.25(OH)2D3 secondary to nephronal loss. In incipient renal failure, vitamin D
      dependent functions (calcemic action of PTH, intestinal absorption of Ca) are
      disturbed. Yet, circulating 1.25(OH)2D3 levels are slightly elevated. This
      finding is compatible with an inadequate response of the renal 1-alpha
      hydroxylase system to activating stimuli (hyperparathyroidism, hypocalcemia,
      fasting hypophosphatemia) and/or end-organ resistance to the action of
      1.25(OH)2D3. Osteomalacia in renal insufficiency cannot entirely be explained as
      the consequence of a reduction of the serum-concentration of any of the known
      vitamin D metabolites [25(OH)D3; 1.25(OH)2D3; 24.25(OH)2D3]. The relatively poor
      response of osteomalacia of uremic patients to the administration of 1.25(OH)2D3
      leads to the question of whether other vitamin D metabolites or non-vitamin D
      related factors are important in its genesis. Critical information is lacking
      with respect to 1.25(OH)2D3 receptors, post receptor events and interaction
      between vitamin D metabolites and PTH in bone cells of such patients. A specific
      action of 1.25(OH)2D3 on longitudinal growth of uremic children has been
      described. However, several clinical and experimental studies failed to provide
      evidence of normalization of growth by 1.25(OH)2D3 and failed to show differences
      in this respect between vitamin D and 1.25(OH)2D3. Currently, it remains
      undecided whether vitamin D metabolites affect PTH secretion, and if so which
      vitamin D metabolite is involved. Clarification of this problem is of paramount
      importance for the therapeutic suppression of the parathyroids of uremic
      patients. Vitamin D metabolites play an important role in some organ functions
      unrelated to homeostasis of Ca-Pi-metabolism (e.g. muscle, testis, pancreas,
      etc). The loss of such function is of potential importance in the genesis of the
      uremic syndrome and its imcomplete reversal by hemodialysis.

PMID- 392180
TI  - [Hemofiltration: differential indication for hemodialysis with reference to the
      hemodynamic and metabolic aspects].

PMID- 392181
TI  - [Experimental and clinical studies on the differential diagnosis of proteinuria].

PMID- 392182
TI  - [Clinical aspects of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome].

PMID- 392183
TI  - Role of parathyroid hormone in the pathogenesis of the uremic manifestations.
AB  - A multitude of clinical and experimental data points toward the role of the
      elevated blood levels of parathyroid in the pathogenesis of the uremic syndrome.
      The possible pathways through which parathyroid hormone may exert its deleterious
      effects and evidence for its toxicity are discussed.

PMID- 392184
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of transport epithelia].

PMID- 392186
TI  - [Experience in treating Far Eastern scarlitiniform fever (pseudotuberculosis)
      with streptomycin].

PMID- 392187
TI  - [Cases of pseudotuberculosis in Chelyabinsk Province].

PMID- 392185
TI  - [Principles of epithelial transport in the kidney and intestines].
AB  - Epithelia of kidney and small intestine consist of one layer of cells which, at
      their luminal edge, are linked together by terminal bars. Solute transport
      proceeds either across the cells, which is true of all active transports, or it
      proceeds paracellularly through the basolateral spaces and terminal bars and is
      then passive. The driving force for the active transport of a substance is
      derived either directly from metabolism (primary active transport), or from the
      gradient of another solute, usually Na+, which in turn is created by primary
      active transport. In the latter case the transport is referred to as secondary
      active. The driving forces of passive transport are the electrochemical gradient
      of the respective substance and solvent drag. The proximal parts of the kidney as
      well as of the intestine are leaky so that a considerable part of net
      reabsorption proceeds passively. Their distal parts, however, where the transport
      is regulated, are tight so that large concentration differences can be created
      and maintained. Transcellular active transport is only possible if the cells are
      polar, i.e., the transport characteristics of the luminal cell membrane differ
      from those of the contraluminal cell membrane. By measuring the cellular
      electrical potential difference or by measuring transport into isolated plasma
      membrane vesicles from either cell side the driving forces for the two transport
      steps, the luminal and contraluminal, have been elucidated. Schemes for the
      transport steps in the proximal tubule and in the small intestine are given. They
      show the principal similarity of the transport of many substances in both
      epithelia.

PMID- 392189
TI  - [Public health programs of the Decembrists (from the "Green Book" to "Russian
      Truth")].

PMID- 392188
TI  - [Diagnosis in the system of medical views of Ibn Sina].

PMID- 392190
TI  - The significance of the presence of M. leprae in tuberculoid cases.

PMID- 392191
TI  - Systemic involvement in tuberculoid leprosy--pathogenesis of leprosy.
AB  - Occurrence of leprous pathology/bacilli in the internal organs in cases of polar
      tuberculoid leprosy, support the systemic nature and haematagenous transmission
      and spread of the disease process. Pathogenesis of leprosy has been postulated.

PMID- 392193
TI  - Groundnut carbohydrates--a review.

PMID- 392192
TI  - 'Pulsed' rifampicin therapy in leprosy. A clinical study.
AB  - A trial of monthly administration of Rifampicin in 2 doses of 900 mg each on
      successive days for 3 months along with DDS 100 mg daily has been undertaken. The
      results have been compared with 2 groups of controls, one, which was administered
      300 mg Rifampicin daily for 3 months followed by DDS, and the other which
      received 100 mg DDS alone. The findings show that the efficacy of this pulsed
      regimen is almost similar to continuous rifampicin administration and better than
      DDS alone. No significant adverse effects were encountered in the trial. The
      regimen thus merits large scale trials in the field.

PMID- 392194
TI  - Immunofluorimetric assay of oestradiol-17 beta.

PMID- 392195
TI  - Androgen receptor in breast tissues--I. A new approach for the estimation of
      androgen receptors in the normal and cancerous mammary gland of women.

PMID- 392196
TI  - The keratoacanthoma: a review.
AB  - The keratoacanthoma (KA) is a relatively common tumor which most often occurs on
      the sun-exposed areas of light skinned individuals of middle age and older. It
      may be viewed as an aborted squamous cell carcinoma that only in rare instances
      evolves into a progressively growing squamous cell carcinoma. As such, the
      recognition of the true nature and the proper management of this tumor is of
      considerable practical importance. The rapid evolution of a KA may be divided
      into a proliferative stage, a fully developed tumor, and an involuting stage.
      Within weeks it develops from a rapidly growing, firm, smooth nodule into a
      mature bud or dome-shaped tumor with a central keratotic core that finally
      degenerates into an involuting keratinous mass. Although the KA usually appears
      as a solitary lesion, multiple tumors may be found, as may a number of
      morphologic and syndromic variants, including the appearance of the KA in the
      Torre syndrome. The KA is likely to be derived from cells of the hair follicle.
      Its etiology is unclear, although ultraviolet light, viruses, oncogenic
      chemicals, and epidermal growth factor have been considered. The histologic
      features of the KA are often very similar to those of a cutaneous squamous cell
      carcinoma; however, the tumor architecture usually provides a basis for their
      distinction.

PMID- 392197
TI  - Chemoimmunotherapy with or without oophorectomy in premenopausal patients with
      advanced breast cancer.
AB  - Ninety-eight premenopausal patients with stage IV breast cancer were treated with
      chemoimmunotherapy alone, or with combination oophorectomy-chemoimmunotherapy
      either simultaneously (chemoimmunotherapy within four weeks of oophorectomy) or
      sequentially (delayed chemoimmunotherapy until evidence of progressive disease or
      no response to oophorectomy). The chemoimmunotherapy consisted of a three-drug
      combination of Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and 5-fluorouracil or Ftorafur;
      immunotherapy consisted of either oral levamisole, BCG by scarification, or a
      combination of both. Forty patients underwent simultaneous oophorectomy
      chemoimmunotherapy, with a response rate of 85% and a median duration of response
      of 25 months. Response rate of 69% and a median duration of response of 16.6
      months was observed with the 29 patients who received sequential oophorectomy
      chemoimmunotherapy. Another 29 patients were treated with chemoimmunotherapy
      alone and achieved a response rate of 87% and a median duration of response of
      11.8 months. Though there were no significant differences in the response rate,
      patients treated with chemoimmunotherapy alone had a significantly shorter median
      duration of response (P less than 0.05). This would suggest that oophorectomy in
      combination with chemoimmunotherapy is the most favorable treatment modality for
      premenopausal patients with advanced metastatic breast cancer.

PMID- 392198
TI  - Para-aortic node biopsy in staging women with cervical, ovarian and endometrial
      carcinoma: a review.
AB  - In women with gynecologic malignancies the para-aortic lymph nodes are not
      routinely treated. However, pretherapy surgical staging has now disclosed an
      incidence of para-aortic node metastasis of 10.3% for presumed stage I and II
      ovarian cancer, 8.0% for stage I endometrial carcinoma, and 23.5% for stage II,
      III, and IV cervical cancer. Prospective trials to evaluate therapy directed to
      the para-aortic nodes in women with early ovarian and endometrial carcinoma have
      not been carried out. Moreover, the results of high dose irradiation to biopsy
      proven metastasis to the aortic lymph nodes from cervical cancer has resulted in
      only 11.9% survival without recurrence at two years.

PMID- 392199
TI  - A quantitative model of diffusion bioassays.

PMID- 392200
TI  - Immunohistochemical demonstration of cell surface antigens on tissue sections of
      lymphomas.

PMID- 392201
TI  - [The earliest cesarean section in Slovenia (1694)].

PMID- 392202
TI  - A synopsis of dental care programs in Louisiana: E.S.P.D.T.

PMID- 392203
TI  - Health in history. Britain's Admiral Lord Horatio Nelson.

PMID- 392204
TI  - Physiological defence against xenobiotics at their portals of entry to the
      organism.
AB  - The size and relatively high enzyme activity of the liver means that it has the
      major role in the biotransformation of xenobiotics in mammals. The tissues
      through which xenobiotics enter the body, lungs, skin, and gastrointestinal
      tract, have, however, quite a significant capacity for biotransformation, too.
      Major fractions of small doses of xenobiotics are therefore already metabolized
      and inactivated before the compounds have penetrated into the body. Most
      xenobiotics appear in the food and fluid ingested. This emphasises the importance
      of the gastrointestinal mucous membrane as the first line of defence of body
      against foreign chemicals. The biotransformation capacity varies with age and
      environmental chemical exposure, and depends on species and strain.

PMID- 392205
TI  - Ligandin: review and update of a multifunctional protein.
AB  - Ligandin is an abundant soluble protein of relatively short half life which is
      induced by many drugs and chemicals and stabilized in the absence of thyroid
      hormone. The protein is strategically concentrated in cells associated with
      transport and detoxification of a large variety of potential endogenous ligands
      such as bilirubin and perhaps heme, and exogenous, such as a multitude of drugs
      and chemicals. The protein is a dimer in rat liver. Whether it is a primary gene
      product or whether at least two genes are involved is not known. The protein has
      broad, low affinity catalytic activity for ligands having electrophilic groups
      and hydrophobic domains. It either catalyzes formation of GSH conjugates (e.g.
      bromosulphophthalein), noncovalently binds prior to biotransformation or
      excretion in bile (e.g. bilirubin), or covalently binds (e.g. activated
      carcinogens) potential ligands. Recent studies expand the scope of ligandinology
      to include its possible role in chemical carcinogenesis, diagnosis of
      inflammatory and neoplastic disease of the liver and kidney, and participation in
      intracellular transport. Although some of the roles that have been outlined are
      speculative, any single function is important. These are primitive enzymes and
      nonspecific binding proteins but "it is precisely their simplistic design that
      allows such protein serviceability".

PMID- 392206
TI  - [Pigmented calculi: current findings].

PMID- 392207
TI  - [Preparing scientific manuscripts for publication--recommendations, rules and
      standards].

PMID- 392209
TI  - [Replacement  of the tympanic membrane by corneal transplantation
      (keratomyringoplasty)].
AB  - The authors present a new method of the substitution of the ear-drum with cornea
      transplantation, applied with success in 28 cases. They have established that the
      various tissues (skin, veins fascia, etc.) applied up to now for myringoplastic
      are not so suitable as the cornea, because the latter is similar to the ear-drum,
      according to its histological construction and physical properties. The execution
      of the operation, the technique of the removal of the cornea from a corpse, as
      well as the preparation of the auditory meatus and the inserting of the cornea
      are discussed in detail. The removal of the cornea can be carried out in its
      whole or lamellated. In contrast to ceratoplastic, the cornea need not remain
      transparent in ceratomyringoplastic, because, in the latter case, only its
      tectorial and sound-conduction effect is needed.

PMID- 392208
TI  - [Late results of frontal bone reconstructions using Paladon].
AB  - Report about 12 cases of defect of the frontal bone: state after radical
      operation of the frontal sinus (Riedel's operation) or after removal of bone
      splinters after injury. 6--12 months later a paladon-inlay (acrylate prosthesis)
      can be implanted to fill the defect and to restore the profile. Description of
      the production, forming, sterilization and operative implantation of the
      prosthesis. The patients have been observed up to 18 years. In one case the
      implanted material was removed after 10 years because of recurrent local
      suppurations. All the other patients showed an uncomplicated course until today;
      the cosmetic and functional result was permanently good.

PMID- 392210
TI  - [Beginnings of endoscopy].
AB  - At the beginning of the 19. century emphasis was put on the research for
      possibilities to get a look into the interior of the abdominal cavity. The "body
      cavity" which seemed to be most easily to access was the bladder and thus the
      development of the endoscopy is practically identical with the elaboration of the
      cytoscopy. This survey shows the starting phases as well as the further
      developement of the endoscopy as oesophagus-, gastro- and proctoscopy, the
      application on the gynaecological sector and the beginning of the laryngoscopy by
      Czermak and Turck in 1885, although already before their experiments in London in
      1829 an instrument being similar to the laryngoscope was described by Babington.

PMID- 392211
TI  - [Hereditary storage diseases of the liver (author's transl)].
AB  - Storage diseases of the liver are reviewed, classified according to the clinical
      symptoms. Glycogen storage diseases go along with enlargement of the liver, - the
      size of the spleen being normal in the beginning; presenting symptoms in many
      cases are metabolic disturbances as for instance hypoglycemia. Acute symptoms due
      to derangement of liver function occur in galactosemia and in hereditary fructose
      intolerance when uptake of the hexoses is not tolerated. Splenomegaly and
      hepatomegaly are typical in certain lipid storage diseases; these diseases may as
      well exhibit hematologic symptoms. Bone dysplasias are discussed finally, which
      use to go along with enlargement of the liver due to storage of compounds not
      metabolized.

PMID- 392213
TI  - Palatal involvement in lepromatous leprosy.

PMID- 392212
TI  - Dapsone-resistant leprosy in Ethiopia.

PMID- 392216
TI  - Recording of hard tissue morphology by electrostatic (Xerox) copying.

PMID- 392214
TI  - Cell hybrids: an important new source of antibody production.

PMID- 392215
TI  - The crystalline nature of histology waxes: the effects of microtomy on the micro
      structure of paraffin wax sections.

PMID- 392217
TI  - George McKee, F.I.M.L.S.

PMID- 392218
TI  - [Outstanding theoretician and Soviet public health organizer (on the 50th
      anniversary of the death of Z. P. Solov'ev)].

PMID- 392220
TI  - [History of Soviet phthisiology].

PMID- 392219
TI  - [I. M. Sechenov, the father of Russian physiology (on the 150th anniversary of
      his birth)].

PMID- 392221
TI  - [Emil von Bering and the development of German immunology].

PMID- 392223
TI  - The making of an RNA phage bibliography with personal information retrieval by
      microcomputer.

PMID- 392222
TI  - [Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in metastasizing appendiceal carcinoma].

PMID- 392224
TI  - [Data display and methodological problems of a system for early diagnosis. Report
      of the 6th spring meeting of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Medizinische
      Dokumentation, Information und Statistik (GMDS) in Heidelberg].

PMID- 392226
TI  - Altered chemical properties in three mutants of E. coli RNA polymerase sigma
      subunit.
AB  - We have analyzed some chemical properties of the sigma subunit of RNA polymerase
      from the sigma mutants: rpoD1 (Gross et al., 1978), rpoD2 (formerly known as alt
      1) (Silverstone et al., 1972; Travers et al., 1978), and rpoD800 (Gross et al.,
      1979). Each of the three mutants is located at about 66 min on the E. coli
      genetic map and exhibits an alteration in the enzymatic properties of its sigma
      subunit. The tryptic peptides and isoelectric focusing behavior were analyzed for
      mutant and wild type sigma. A single, but different altered lysine tryptic
      peptide was observed for each mutant. No altered arginine tryptic peptides were
      observed. The rpoD800 mutant sigma showed an altered isoelectric point. These
      studies provide chemical evidence that the sigma polypeptide in all three mutants
      is altered and strongly support the conclusion that the mutations are in the
      structural gene for sigma.

PMID- 392225
TI  - The nature of the genetic determinant for the SHV-1 beta-lactamase.
AB  - In two unrelated plasmids of incompatibility groups FII and N the gene for the
      SHV-1 beta-lactamase exists as part of a transposable element of molecular weight
      9.5 megadaltons. This transposon has moved onto plasmids of at least three
      incompatibility groups; PI, Ialpha and J. This confirms the suggestion that the
      recent spread of the SHV-1 beta-lactamase has been associated with the
      transposition of the genetic determinant of this enzyme between unrelated
      plasmids.

PMID- 392227
TI  - Abolition of the cyclic variations in radiosensitivity during meiosis in a
      sporulation mutant blocked in premeiotic DNA synthesis.
AB  - The response to ultraviolet light (254 nm) of two sporulation mutants during the
      meiotic process was compared to that of a wild type diploid strain of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The cyclic pattern for cell killing and rho- induction
      characteristic of diploid wild type cells persists in a strain able to perform
      the premeiotic DNA synthesis but which is blocked in the further steps of meiosis
      (spo8 DMS1). On the contrary, these fluctations are abolished in a derived mutant
      (spo8 dsm1) which is blocked in the premeiotic DNA synthesis. Under these
      conditions, the response to cell killing can be dissociated from the observed for
      rho- induction.

PMID- 392228
TI  - Dissection of the transposition process: a transposon-encoded site-specific
      recombination system.

PMID- 392229
TI  - A novel priming system for conjugal synthesis of an IncI alpha plasmid in
      recipients.
AB  - Synthesis of DNA complementary to the transferred strand of an IncI alpha plasmid
      has been shown previously to require DNA polymerase III. The possible involvement
      of the two defined priming proteins of Escherichia coli K12, RNA polymerase and
      primase, in initiating this conjugal DNA synthesis had been examined. Primase was
      inactivated using temperature-sensitive dnaG3 mutants and RNA polymerase was
      inhibited using rifampicin. When these two proteins were simultaneously
      inactivated in both parental strains, the average recipient synthesised at least
      one single-stranded equivalent of R144drd-3 before the rifampicin-treated donors
      lost the ability to transmit DNA. It is proposed that the product of a plasmid
      transfer gene is responsible for initiating this DNA synthesis in recipients. The
      results imply that this protein is supplied by the donors.

PMID- 392231
TI  - A cold-sensitive mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae defective in ribosome
      processing.
AB  - Cold-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated by tritium suicide
      were screened for defects in ribosome biosynthesis. The biochemical defects of
      mutant dip-1 (defective in processing) were characterized; it is defective in
      ribosome biosynthesis at the level of production of the primary 35S transcript.
      At restrictive conditions mutant dip-1 accumulates abnormal rRNA in addition to
      wild-type rRNA. In the mutant the first observable transcription product was a
      14SRNA species which had sequence homologies to 18S rDNA and was the major rRNA
      component of the 40S ribosomal subunit. In addition, the ribonucleoprotein
      particles of dip-1 harbored RNA molecules with homologies to yeast rDNA which
      comprises the spacer region between 18S and 25S rDNA cistrons. Possible causes
      for the defective production of rRNA and its assembly into subunits are
      discussed.

PMID- 392230
TI  - Natural premature protein synthesis termination can be reduced in Escherichia
      coli by decreased translation rates.
AB  - Peptidyl tRNA hydrolase is an essential enzyme for normal growth inasmuch as a
      mutant strain of Escherichia coli with a temperature-sensitive hydrolase cannot
      continue protein synthesis at the non-permissive temperature. In the absence of
      hydrolase peptidyl tRNA rapidly accumulates. Why peptidyl tRNA should be formed
      is the subject of this report. The rapid rate of protein synthesis is likely one
      mechanism of formation of peptidyl tRNA. A strA mutant of the hydrolase (pth-1)
      mutant strain that has a 40% reduction in amino acid polymerization rate can grow
      at 42 degrees C. StrA mutants with normal polymerization rates, however, cannot
      grow at 42 degrees C when pth-1 is present. Furthermore, addition of low levels
      of chloramphenicol (2--4 micrograms/ml) but not several other tested drugs,
      phenotypically suppressed pth-1 at 42 degrees C. Chloramphenicol, at these
      concentrations, was found to reduce the amino acid polymerization rate 30--40%.
      On the other hand, no evidence could be found that amino acyl tRNA selection
      errors are incorporated into pseudo revertants of the pth-1 strain.

PMID- 392232
TI  - Outer membrane protein a and other polypeptides regulate capsular polysaccharide
      synthesis in E. coli K-12.
AB  - capR (lon) mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 are mucoid on minimal agar because
      they produce large quantities of capsular polysaccharide. When such mutants are
      transformed to tetracycline resistance by plasmid pMC44, a hybrid plasmid that
      contains a 2 megadalton (Mdal) endonuclease EcoR1 fragment of E. coli K-12 DNA
      joined to the cloning vehicle-pSC101, capsular polysaccharide synthesis is
      inhibited and the transformed colonies exhibit a non-mucoid phenotype. Re-cloning
      of the 2 Mdal EcoR1 fragment onto plasmid pHA105, a min-colE1 plasmid, yielded
      plasmid pFM100 which also inhibited capsular polysaccharide synthesis in the capR
      mutants. A comparison of the polypeptides specified by both plasmids pFM100 and
      pMC44 in minicells demonstrated that seven polypeptide bands were specified by
      the 2 MDal DNA, one of which was previously demonstrated to be outer membrane
      protein a; also known as 3b or M2 (40 kilodaltons, Kdal). Plasmid mutants no
      longer repressing capsular polysaccharide synthesis were either unable to specify
      the 40 Kdal outer membrane protein a or were deficient in synthesis of 25 Kdal
      and 14.5 Kdal polypeptides specified by the 2 Mdal DNA fragments. Studies with a
      minicell-producing strain that also contained a capR mutation indicated that the
      capR gene product regulated processing of at least one normal protein, the
      precursor of outer membrane protein a.

PMID- 392233
TI  - Localization of the dihydrofolate reductase gene on the physical map of
      bacteriophage T5.

PMID- 392234
TI  - Plasmid cistrons controlling synthesis and excretion of the exotoxin alpha
      haemolysin of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The synthesis and secretion of the toxic exoprotein alpha-haemolysin of E. coli
      PM152 is coded by the transmissible plasmid pHly152 (41 x 10(6) dalton) as shown
      by the transformation of the plasmid DNA and the isolation of mutants that are
      specifically altered in the synthesis and transport of haemolysin. These mutants
      were obtained by chemical mutagenesis and insertion of the ampicillin transposon
      (Tn3) into pHly152. Tn3 transposition was also used for the identification and
      the location of the cistrons on pHly152 essential for haemolysis. The EcoRI and
      HindIII fragments of the haemolytic plasmid pHly152 were cloned and used for the
      complementation of the haemolysis negative Tn3 insertion mutants. A DNA segment
      of 3.2 x 10(6) dalton could be thus identified which consists of at least three
      clustered cistrons necessary for haemolysis. Two of these cistrons are required
      for the formation of active haemolysin. At least one other cistron seems to be
      involved in the secretion of active haemolysin through the outer membrane of E.
      coli. The gene products determined by these cistrons were identified in minicells
      of E. coli. Their molecular properties were determined and their possible
      function in the formation and secretion of haemolysin will be discussed.

PMID- 392236
TI  - The gene for ribosomal protein L25 (rplY) maps at 47.3 min near nalA in
      Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A temperature sensitive mutant, termed JE1306, derived from Escherichia coli
      strain PA3092 was found to have an alteration in the ribosomal protein L25.
      Crosses with various Hfr strains and transductions with P1 kc phage have revealed
      that the mutation maps at 47.3 min between nalA and fpk, in a region where no
      ribosomal protein gene has so far been located. The gene affected by this
      mutation is most probably the structural gene for protein L25 (rplY), because a
      strain heteromerozygous for the region shows both wild type and mutant forms of
      protein L25.

PMID- 392235
TI  - IS4 is found between eleven or twelve base pair duplications.
AB  - Three mutations caused by the integration of IS4 in galT in both possible
      orientations were shown by DNA sequence analysis to be integrated between a
      duplication of eleven base pairs of gene galT. IS4 has been cloned from its
      single position on the E. coli K12 chromosome. Here, 12 base pairs are duplicated
      adjacent to IS4. This sequence is unrelated to the duplicated sequence in galT.

PMID- 392237
TI  - Stable yeast transformation with chimeric plasmids using a 2 micron-circular DNA
      less strain as a recipient.
AB  - By using two chimeric plasmids containing yeast URA3 gene as a selection marker
      and 2 micron yeast DNA linked to the bacterial plasmid pCR1, a yeast strain
      devoid of any 2 micron DNA sequence was transformed. Recovery in E. coli of
      plasmids from yeast transformants showed that the 2 micron-less strain was able
      to maintain the chimeric plasmids as autonomous replicons, with very infrequent
      plasmid recombination. Hybridization experiments gave no evidence for integration
      of the URA3 DNA sequence in the chromosomal DNA. The transformed clones showed a
      high stability of the ura+ character during vegetative multiplication, even in
      the absence of selective pressure. The specific activity of orotidine 5'
      monophosphate decarboxylase (coded by the URA3 gene) was 5 to 10 fold higher than
      in the wild type. These features should offer new possibilities for cloning with
      yeast.

PMID- 392238
TI  - Three additional genes involved in pyrimidine dimer removal in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae: RAD7, RAD14 and MMS19.
AB  - The ability to remove ultraviolet (UV)-induced pyrimidine dimers from the nuclear
      DNA of yeast was examined in two radiation-sensitive (rad) mutants and one methyl
      methanesulfonate-sensitive (mms) mutant of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
      The susceptibility of DNA from irradiated cells to nicking by an endonuclease
      activity prepared from crude extracts of Micrococcus luteus was used to measure
      the presence of dimers in DNA. The rad7, rad14 and mms19 mutants were found to be
      defective in their ability to remove UV-induced dimers from nuclear DNA. All
      three mutants belong to the same epistatic group as the other mutants involved in
      excision-repair. All three mutants show enhanced UV-induced mutations. The rad14
      mutant also shows epistatic interactions with genes in the other two UV repair
      pathways.

PMID- 392239
TI  - Decay rates of Escherichia coli trp messenger RNA molecules lacking the normal 5'
      terminal sequences.

PMID- 392240
TI  - Ozone response in wild type and radiation-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - The effect of ozone exposure on Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied. Factors
      such as ozone concentration, treatment time, media, initial cell concentration
      and growth phase were shown to influence ozone response in this organism.
      Logarithmic phase cells were much more sensitive than stationary phase cells to
      the lethal effect of ozone. The radiation-sensitive mutants rad3, rad6, rad51 and
      rad52 of S. cerevisiae were exposed, in water, to 50 ppm of ozone for 30 min. On
      comparing their survival curves, the rad51 and the rad52 mutants showed a greater
      sensitivity to ozone exposure than the wild type.

PMID- 392241
TI  - Sporulation of mitochondrial respiratory deficient mit- mutants of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - The role of mitochondrial protein synthesis, electron transport, and four
      specific mitochondrial gene products on sporulation were studied in respiratory
      deficient mit- mutants. These mutants were isolated in an op 1 strain and
      localized on the mitochondrial genome by petite deletion mapping. All 153
      mutations studied could be assigned to the four mitochondrial regions OXI1, OXI2,
      OXI3 and COB, known to affect cytochrome c oxidase and cytochrome b. The specific
      loss of one mitochondrially translated polypeptide was found in some mutants of
      each locus: OXI1--cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2, OXI2--subunit 3, OXI3--subunit
      1, and COB--cytochrome b. The ability of diploid mit- mutants to sporulate was
      systematically investigated. About one third of the mutants, representing three
      loci, were incapable of forming spores. All other cultures produced either
      respiratory competent mit+ tetrads, both mit+ and mit- tetrads, or only mit-
      tetrads. Mutants forming mit- tetrads mapped in all four loci. These results
      demonstrate that in contrast to petite mutants some mit- mutants have retained
      the ability to perform meiosis and sporulation.

PMID- 392242
TI  - Isolation and characterization of further cis- and trans-acting regulatory
      elements involved in the synthesis of glucose-repressible alcohol dehydrogenase
      (ADHII) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Starting with yeast cells lacking the constitutive alcohol dehydrogenase activity
      (ADHI), mutants with partially glucose-insensitive formation of ADHII were
      isolated. Genetic analysis showed that four mutants (designated ADR3c) were
      linked to the ADHII-structural gene, ADR2, and were cis-dominant. On
      derepression, two of them produced elevated ADHII-levels, indicating a promotor
      function of the altered controlling site. The other ADR3c-mutant alleles affected
      the ADHII-subunit association in diploids carrying two electrophoretically
      distinct alleles of the structural gene ADR2. Twelve semidominant constitutive
      mutants could be attributed to gene ADR1 (ADR1c-alleles) previously identified by
      recessive mutants with blocked derepression. This suggested a positive regulatory
      role of the ADR1 gene product on the expression of the ADHII-structural gene. A
      pleiotropic mutation ccr1 (Ciriacy, 1977) was epistatic over glucose-resistant
      ADHII-formation caused by ADR1c-alleles. From this it was concluded that CCR1
      specifies for a product co-activating the structural gene or modifying the ADR1
      gene product. A further regulatory element (gene designation ADR4) not linked to
      the structural gene could be identified upon isolation of recessive constitutive
      mutants adr4 from a ccr1 ADR1c-double mutant.

PMID- 392244
TI  - Metaphase location and chromosome identification by means of the Quantimet 720D.
      A semi-automatic approach.

PMID- 392243
TI  - Cloning of bacteriophage PM2 DNA in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - DNA fragments of phage PM2 restricted with Hin dIII endonuclease was cloned in
      the vector pBR 322 in an Escherichia coli K12 host. The attempt to clone full
      length PM2 DNA restricted with PstI endonuclease has been unsuccesful. From six
      randomly chosen recombinant clones DNA was purified and analysed with EcoRI, PstI
      and Hin dIII endonucleases. The physical map of three chimeric plasmids was
      unequivocally established. It was shown, that the whole PM2 genome was cloned,
      although in separate fragments. However, most of the recombinant clones were
      instable in the absence of selective pressure.

PMID- 392246
TI  - Image analytical measurements in clinical routinework.

PMID- 392245
TI  - [Morphometry of breast tissue (author's transl)].
AB  - In conventional tissue slides it is possible to describe quantitatively the
      dysplasia of the breast with the aid of the Quantimet 720 and the image editor
      equipment. From several slides of each breast the areas of epithelium, lumina and
      connective tissue were measured out of 5 to 20 lobuli. The data were transformed
      into a descriptive index according to the formula: (epithelium--lumen):
      connective tissue. In normal mammae the indices are clustered and lower than 100.
      In the cases of increasing dysplasia the indices are scattered and elevated. In
      glands with carcinoma the normal values disappear, but the scattering and rising
      of indices increase. With these findings it seems possible to identify dysplasia
      in a precancerous state by morphometrical analysis.

PMID- 392247
TI  - [Quantitative fluorometry at the ocular fundus (author's transl)].
AB  - Description of a videodensitometric method for the quantitative evaluation of
      fluorescence angiography photographs using the Quantimet 720 image analysis
      computer system. The clinical value of the new method is demonstrated in a case
      of central serous retinopathy. With the aid of these measurements the activity of
      leakage points can be assessed more exactly than by mere subjective inspection of
      the gained pictures, thus allowing a better control of the effects of a chosen
      therapy.

PMID- 392249
TI  - The stereology and the basis of its application.

PMID- 392248
TI  - [Selective contrast enhancement of microscopical specimen by optical procedures
      for automatized quantitative image analysis (author's transl)].
AB  - One of the most important problems in automatic image analysis is the
      discrimination of features by, a certain range of grey levels. To obtain as many
      as possible different grey levels sufficient contrast is achieved mainly by
      specific staining. Alternative and supplementary methods are some micrscopical
      methods, not routinely used. Interference microscopy, interference reflexion
      microscopy and microfluorimetry are discussed in detail. These optical procedures
      enhance the contrast of specimen specifically without the necessity for the
      application of specimen specifically without the necessity for the application of
      sophisticated staining methods. In interference contrast, tissues can be
      separately detected by grey level discrimination due to varying concentration of
      dry mass; this is shown for a cornifying part of fish skin (breeding tubercle of
      Rutilus rutilus L.). Furthermore, very small amounts of dry matter can be
      determined with high precision, as demonstrated for a single tissue culture cell
      (XTH-cell). Automatisation of image analysis provides a unique opportunity for
      routine application of interferometric measurements. The principles of the
      procedures are outlined. By interference reflexion microscopy cellular attachment
      areas to a glass surface are visualized, providing a powerful tool in cellular
      diagnosis based on grey level discrimination (darkest parts correspond to zones
      of closest contact to the substratum). A fast migrating lymphocyte and stationary
      endothelial cells have been chosen for demonstration. Various histochemical
      problems can be solved elegantly by fluorescence methods, e.g. mitochondria in
      living cells are specifically stained by a fluorochrome (DASPMI) and the
      distribution of fluorescence intensity can be followed within the mitochondrial
      population of a cell. Fluorescence was recorded from fotographic negatives taken
      with a fluorescence microscope. Additionally a short comment is given on the
      application of polarisation microscopy for feature detection.

PMID- 392251
TI  - Statistical problems in estimating volume proportions by the point counting
      method.

PMID- 392250
TI  - Quantification of chromatin structure and DNA contents in nuclei of cultured
      cells by texture-analysis-system.

PMID- 392253
TI  - Procedure of sampling in the layered cortex.

PMID- 392252
TI  - Multipurpose sampling procedures for stereological analysis in heterogeneous
      structures, e.g. central nervous tissue.

PMID- 392254
TI  - Comparison of systematic and randomized sampling procedures for selecting
      sections from the human inferior olive.

PMID- 392255
TI  - Caveat on the estimation of surface density (SD) of biomembranes (BM): indication
      for a systematic error.

PMID- 392256
TI  - Problems in the morphometry of rat liver mitochondria.

PMID- 392257
TI  - Reconstruction of (types of) lymphocytes from serial sections.

PMID- 392259
TI  - Computerized reconstruction of tissue samples from tissue slices.

PMID- 392258
TI  - To the problem of a dynamic morphometry.

PMID- 392260
TI  - [Machine based chromosomes investigations with the Quantimet 720 (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A system is described, looking in a short time and automatically for metaphases
      qualified for further usings. Scanning time for 1 cm2 is about 8 minutes. The
      accepted metaphases are relocatable immediately. Chromosomes are classified in a
      further routine using chromosome area and area ratio of the chromosome arms. The
      characters are displayed on the screen near the single chromosomes. Furthermore
      there is the possibility to measure the banding of whole chromosomes or of single
      chromatides and display it in form of histograms on the screen.

PMID- 392261
TI  - Application of electron probe x-ray microanalysis to hard tissue dormation
      "dedicated to Professor Pfefferkorn's 65th birthday".

PMID- 392263
TI  - Evolution of anaesthesia circuits.

PMID- 392262
TI  - Ion microanalysis in metal toxicology : experimental data and biopsies analysis.

PMID- 392264
TI  - Dr. Khattar Kanaan.

PMID- 392265
TI  - How one FMG has adjusted to life and medical practice in the U.S.

PMID- 392266
TI  - In memoriam: Jacques Gottlieb, MD.

PMID- 392267
TI  - Computer assisted instruction for retraining family doctors in hypertension and
      hyperlipoproteinemia.
AB  - In an attempt to retrain family doctors in hypertension and hyperlipoproteinemia,
      computer assisted instruction (CAI) was assessed in fourteen doctors (Group 1)
      and its efficiency was compared to that of traditional lectures given to twenty
      one doctors (Group 2). The same objectives, contents and illustrations were used
      in both teaching approaches. There was no significant difference for age, year of
      graduation and type of practice in the two groups. Comparison between pre-test
      and immediate post-test revealed a significant gain of knowledge for
      hyperlipoproteinemia (group 1, 33% and group 2, 22%) and hypertension (group 1,
      16% and Group 2, 19%). A year later a similar post-test was done in both groups,
      and no significant difference was found between this late post-test and the pre
      test. CAI applied to family doctors is as efficient for learning as traditional
      lectures, and both approaches failed to show retention of knowledge after one
      year. This is perhaps the result of having selected instructional objectives of
      theoretical more than practical value.

PMID- 392268
TI  - Cultivation requirements for Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium leprae and other
      microbial and mammalian microaerophilic cells.
AB  - Atmospheric and biological evolution progressed simultaneously and today certain
      cell types flourish only at oxygen tensions which were ambient 600 million years
      ago, i.e., at 5 to 10 mm Hg. In man, a continuous oxygen flow at these pressures
      is supplied in the skin where Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium leprae and
      members of the genus Rickettsia grow best. In vitro studies support the
      microaerophilic status of these organisms and of certain other microbial and
      mammalian cells. Vigorous growth in pure culture will await the development of
      techniques which can maintain these low oxygen tensions at the cell walls of the
      microbes as they replicate and consume increasing amounts of oxygen. Continuing
      failure to consistently isolate microbes from active lesions in patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus may reflect the universal
      absence of suitable methods for isolation of microaerophilic microbes.

PMID- 392269
TI  - On the cover: Rene Laennec listening to the chest of a tubercular patient.

PMID- 392270
TI  - A less invasive approach to monitoring acute respiratory failure.
AB  - In a general ICU with a predominant surgical census, patients with acute
      respiratory failure can usually be treated on a clinical assessment and a minimum
      of invasive monitoring. An algorithm was used to manage the ventilatory support
      and weaning. When it failed (15% of the time), the patients' functional diagnoses
      were questioned and more advanced monitoring was used. The algorithm led to
      expeditious weaning of patients who did not need mechanical support and to a
      reduction of invasive monitoring.

PMID- 392272
TI  - Cimetidine for chronic duodenal ulceration: short term clinical trial.

PMID- 392271
TI  - Bugs and blasphemy: Andrew Crosse and the Acarus electricus.

PMID- 392274
TI  - The Flinders curriculum Flinders University of South Australia.

PMID- 392273
TI  - Response to radioactive phosphorus treatment of polycythaemia rubra vera in
      Malaysians: analysis of 8 cases.

PMID- 392275
TI  - Diet and coronary heart disease: a review of the committee of diet and heart
      disease of the National Heart Foundation of Australia.

PMID- 392276
TI  - Gout and its sufferers.

PMID- 392277
TI  - Evaluation of automated multiphasic health testing in the survey of the north
      west region of Melbourne.
AB  - The results of automated multiphasic health testing (AMHT) in a randomly selected
      population of 664 subjects are reported. AMHT revealed a number of conditions
      that had not been diagnosed previously. A total of 535 newly diagnosed conditions
      in 301 patients could be attributed to the survey. The yield of new diagnoses by
      AMHT was not affected by previous surgery attendance or by attendance intervals.
      Follow-up over one year revealed that treatment was recommended for 342 of the
      535 newly diagnosed conditions and that the response was satisfactory in 189
      (55%), but the "uncertain" response of 124 (36%) should be investigated by more
      thorough follow-up in future projects. It is concluded that AMHT is beneficial
      because of the amount of information that is revealed, because of the financial
      value and because of the benefit to patients.

PMID- 392278
TI  - John Loewenthal.

PMID- 392279
TI  - George Alexander Birnie.

PMID- 392280
TI  - Legionnaires' disease.

PMID- 392281
TI  - [The functional diseases of the esophagus].

PMID- 392282
TI  - [Genetic foundations of influenz virus epidemics].

PMID- 392283
TI  - [Current rabies immunoprophylaxis].

PMID- 392285
TI  - [Progressive systemic sclerosis].

PMID- 392286
TI  - [Psychosomatic aspects in breast neoplasms].

PMID- 392284
TI  - [Acute meningo-encephalitis in adolescents and adults: II. Germs, signs, symptoms
      and sequels (author's transl)].
AB  - This survey on diverse types of meningo-encephalitis in adolescents and adults is
      based upon 1244 observations at the Neurologic Clinic of the University at
      Cologne during the years from 1950 til 1975. Important factors concerning
      differential diagnosis such as various psychopathological and neurologic signs
      and electroencephalographic findings are discussed at extent. The influence of
      precursing and concomitant illnesses on the acute signs and sequels of the
      meningo-encephalitis is stressed upon.

PMID- 392287
TI  - [Surgical procedure in exploratory incision of the mamma (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparison was made between two groups, each consisting of 50 women who had
      undergone an exploratory incision of the mamma because of suspected cancer at
      least one year and not more than two years previously. The women in group A
      underwent an operation in clinic A in which a radial incision was performed in
      the skin immediately above the tumor (GB: tumour). In contrast to this group B in
      clinic B had the tumor removed via parariola incision independent of the location
      of the tumor. In clinic A the incision was closed by subcuticular suture using
      individual button stitches on the surface. In clinic B subcutaneous stitching was
      not used; after thorough blood-staunching procedures the skin was closed with
      intracutaneous atraumatic techniques. Both groups were subsequently examined and
      post-operative complications and the complaints of the patients were registered.
      In addition the cosmetic result of the operation was taken into consideration.
      The examinations show that the parariola incision is the ideal technique for
      almost all exploratory operations of the breast. Although the post-operative
      phase is accompanied by a slightly higher incidence of haematomas these rarely
      require further corrective surgical procedures if blood-staunching is efficient
      and Redon drainage techniques are used. Between 1 and 2 years after surgery the
      parariola approach shows definite advantages when compared with radial incision
      directly over the tumor. The scars are almost invisible, definitely cause fewer
      problems for the patient, and rarely spoil the appearance of the breast.

PMID- 392289
TI  - [Planning and execution of a clinico-oncologic collective study].

PMID- 392288
TI  - [Carcinoid and carcinoid syndrome].

PMID- 392290
TI  - [The sympathetic nervous system and essential hypertension].

PMID- 392292
TI  - [Transcendental meditation in psychology, psychiatry and psychotherapy].

PMID- 392291
TI  - [Pathogenesis of secondary forms of hypertension].

PMID- 392293
TI  - [Heart valve prostheses in children].

PMID- 392294
TI  - [Vigilance of patients with chronic renal insufficiency (author's transl)].
AB  - Psychological achievement tests were applied to 56 patients with chronic renal
      insufficiency for measuring the vigilance. The comparison of test parameters
      showed a significant impairment with progression of renal insufficiency, an
      improvement under chronic dialysis treatment depending on complications by
      medical problems and normal values after successfull transplantation. The
      vigilance was not influenced by dialysis per se. We conclude that the behaviour
      of reaction speed, attention performances, and mental concentration reflect the
      autointoxication of central nervous system in chronic renal insufficiency.

PMID- 392295
TI  - [Therapy of kidney failure in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 392296
TI  - [Prophylaxis of gastroduodenal complications after renal transplantation
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Gastroduodenal bleeding or perforation following renal transplantation constitute
      a serious complication with a high lethality. 82 patients with terminal renal
      insufficiency were grouped in 4 categories with increasing gastroduodenal risk
      factors. Parameters for judging gastroduodenal risk consisted of gastric acid
      secretion, history and endoscopic demonstration of acute or chronic ulcer
      disease. 33 transplant candidates of groups I (hypochlorhydria, no ulcer) and II
      (normochlorhydria, no ulcer) were treated by medical prophylaxis alone. 23/33
      were transplanted without prophylactic surgery, 1 patient in group II with
      erosive duodenitis before transplantation died from bleeding duodenal ulcer.
      Patients of group III (hyperchlorhydria up to 40 mval/h, MAO, no ulcer) received
      selective proximal vagomty, patients of group IV (hyperchlorhydria, 40 mval/h MAO
      and/or ulcer) underwent selective gastric vagotomy and 50% gastric resection. In
      25 of 49 patients of group III and IV prophylactic operations were performed
      without serious complications. In 16 later on transplantated patients no
      gastrointestinal bleeding occurred. 2 patients of group III without gastric
      operation had minor bleedings out of erosive lesions in the gastric antrum and
      duodenal bulb, that could be managed by medical treatment. The positive
      experience with prophylactic gastric surgery in this limited number of patients
      seems to advocate a broader application of such a protocol. A considerable rise
      in gastric secretion was demonstrated in 19/21 patients during the first 3 years
      following the commencement of dialysis, BAO rose by an average of 72,2%, MAO by
      41%. Thus, gastric analysis should be repeated once a year. Erosive gastritis and
      duodenitis seem to predispose for bleeding episodes after renal transplantation,
      this diagnosis should prompt prophylactic SPV.

PMID- 392297
TI  - Electrochemical determination of glucose concentration in saline solutions.
AB  - Reproducible and reliable quantitative glucose determinations in physiological
      solutions of saline can be obtained by using platinum powder incorporated in a
      thin plastic layer on a platinum wire as the test microelectrode, while applying
      analytic and regenerative pulses of alternating voltage of +/- 1 V (sce). The
      results are the beginning of further investigations leading to continuous
      determinations of glucose concentration in body fluids.

PMID- 392298
TI  - Histological reaction to percutaneous epidural neurostimulation: initial and long
      term results.
AB  - Percutaneously inserted spinal epidural neurostimulation has been derived as a
      simplified safe alternative to surgically implanted, dorsal column stimulation
      that is used in the effective treatment and control of spasticity and intractable
      pain. Twenty-seven tissue specimens from fifteen patients having had percutaneous
      epidural neurostimulation systems implanted were studied with the aid of light
      microscopy. The biopsies from tissues around the cables, around the receivers,
      and at the actual site of epidural stimulation (at the metallic contact), were
      studied at time intervals varying from one week to two years postimplantation.
      Long-term results, which only show dense fibrous encapsulation of the cables and
      the receiver, substantiate clinical belief regarding the "histological safety" of
      this electronic modality.

PMID- 392299
TI  - 1,000 renal transplants at the University of Minnesota 1963-1977.

PMID- 392300
TI  - Surgery's reawakening.

PMID- 392302
TI  - 1979 roster. The Minneapolis District Dental Society.

PMID- 392301
TI  - Thomas E. Keys ... Medical librarian, historian, scholar, and author-
      extraordinarius.

PMID- 392303
TI  - Reaction of marginal gingiva to crown & bridge procedures. A literature review.
      Part I.

PMID- 392304
TI  - [Supernumerary teeth and orthodontic problems].

PMID- 392305
TI  - Mutagenicity of fluorene derivatives: a proposed mechanism.
AB  - Several derivatives of fluorene, a tricyclic, organic molecule, have been found
      to induce both frameshift mutations and base-pair substitutions in Salmonella
      typhimurium strains developed by Ames. Comparisons of the mutagenic potency of
      these derivatives for several strains of Salmonella suggest the importance of a
      carbonyl group substituted at the carbon-9 position of mutagenic derivatives,
      with respect to mutagenic potency. In this study, we present a feasible mechanism
      for the interaction of mutagenic fluorene derivatives with deoxyribonucleic acid.
      This mechanism requires the interaction of the mutagenic molecule with carbon-8
      of guanine and a second concurrent interaction with the C-4 amino group of an
      adjacent cytosine residue.

PMID- 392307
TI  - Ethidium bromide enhancement of frameshift mutagenesis caused by photoactivatable
      ethidium analogs.
AB  - Ethidium azide analogs (3-amino-8-azido-ethidium monoazide and ethidium diazide)
      have been developed as photosensitive probes in order to analyze directly the
      reversible in vivo interactions of ethidium bromide. Our preliminary observations
      [11], relating the mutagenic potential of the monoazide analog of ethidium, have
      been extended and refined, using the highly purified ethidium azide analogs [5].
      A number of physical-chemical studies indicate that the monoazide analog
      interaction with nucleic acids, prior to photolysis, resembles remarkably the
      interaction of the parent ethidium (unpublished). It was anticipated, therefore,
      that competition by ethidium for the ethidium monoazide mutagenic sites in
      Salmonella TA1538 would be observed when these drugs were used in combination.
      Previous results in fact showed a decreased production of frameshift mutants when
      ethidium bromide was added to the ethidium monoazide in the Ames assay [1].
      However, more extensive investigations, reported here, have shown that this
      apparent competition was the result of neglecting the toxic effects of ethidium
      monoazide and its enhanced toxocity in the presence of ethidium bromide.
      Conversely, an enhancement of the azide mutagenesis and toxicity for both the
      mono- and diazide analogs was seen when ethidium bromide was used in combination
      with these analogs.

PMID- 392306
TI  - Effects of spermine on the detection of induced forward mutation at the Can1
      locus in yeast: evidence for selection against canavanine-resistant mutants.
AB  - The effect of exogenous spermine tetrahydrochloride (0.5 mg/ml) on hydrazine- and
      nitrous acid-induced forward mutation to canavanine resistance (CAN1 leads to
      can1, normal to defective arginine permease) was examined in stationary-phase
      haploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Post-treatment cell division (specifically DNA
      replication) is required for hydrazine mutagenesis at this locus, whereas nitrous
      acid mutagenesis exhibits, in addition, a significant post-treatment-independent
      component. Spermine addition only during mutagenic treatments in buffer did not
      affect mutagen cytotoxicity, but did result in a slight yet consistent decrease
      in induced mutation frequencies. Addition of spermine to the yeast extract-
      peptone--dextrose (YEPD) post-treatment growth medium resulted in dramatic
      reductions of induced mutation frequencies, which could be alleviated by
      pregrowth in spermine-containing YEPD. Such a medium was found to cause an
      apparent temporary growth inhibition for almost 40 h, after which the growth rate
      of the culture increased rapidly. Cultures "recovering" from spermine inhibition
      were no longer inhibitable by spermine in fresh medium, suggesting an outgrowth
      of spontaneous and/or induced spermine-resistant derivatives. Genetic analysis of
      one isolate revealed a single dominant nuclear gene conferring resistance by some
      means other than defective spermine uptake. Growth of this mutant was only
      slightly inhibited by spermine (20% increase in doubling time), while mutation
      expression remained high. Results of competitive growth experiments indicated
      that spermine-containing YEPD exerted a selection pressure against canavanine
      resistant cells, while YEPD by itself did not. The mechanism for this selection
      is not presently understood. With respect to replication-dependent induced
      mutation at CAN1, our initial observation of a strong apparent antimutagenic
      action of spermine was found to be best explained by this specific selection
      against can1 mutants. This underscores the need for caution in the interpretation
      of experiments designed to study physiological modification of mutagenic
      potential.

PMID- 392308
TI  - Some factors determining the concentration of liver proteins for optimal
      mutagenicity of chemicals in the Salmonella/microsome assay.
AB  - In plate assays in the presence of S. typhimurium TA100 and various amounts of
      liver 9000 X g supernatant (S9) from either untreated, phenobarbitone- (PB) or
      Aroclor-treated rats, the S9 concentration required for optimal mutagenicity of
      aflatoxin B1 (AFB) depended both on the source of S9 and on the concentration of
      the test compound. In these assays, the water-soluble procarcinogen,
      dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) was mutagenic in S. typhimurium TA1530 only in the
      presence of a 35-fold higher concentration of liver S9 from PB-treated rats than
      that required for AFB, a lipophilic compound. In liquid assays, a biphasic
      relationship was observed in the mutagenicities in S. typhimurium TA100 of
      benzo[a]pyrene (BP) and AFB and the concentration of liver S9. For optimal
      mutagenesis of BP, the concentration of liver S9 from rats treated with
      methylcholanthrene (MC) was 4.4% (v/v); for AFB it was 2.2% (v/v) liver S9 from
      either Aroclor-treated or untreated rats. At higher concentrations of S9 the
      mutagenicity of BP and of AFB was related inversely to the amount of S9 per
      assay. The effect of Aroclor treatment on the microsomemediated mutagenicity of
      AFB was assay-dependent: in the liquid assay, AFB mutagenicity was decreased,
      whereas in the plate assay it did not change or was increased. As virtually no
      bacteria-bound microsomes were detected by electron microscopy, after the
      bacteria had been incubated in a medium containing 1-34% (v/v) MC-treated rat
      liver S9, it is concluded that, in mutagenicity assays, mutagenic metabolites
      generated by microsomal enzymes from certain pro-carcinogens have to diffuse
      through the assay medium before reaching the bacteria. Thus the mutagenicity of
      BP was dependent on both the concentration of rat-liver microsomes and that of
      total cytosolic proteins and other soluble nucleophiles such as glutathione. At a
      concentration of 4.4% (v/v) liver S9, the mutagenicity of BP was about 3.6 times
      higher than in assays containing a 4-fold higher concentration of cytosolic
      fraction. Studies on the glutathione-dependent reduction of BP mutagenicity in
      plate assays has shown that, in the presence of liver S9 concentrations greater
      than that required for optimal mutagenicity, the reduction in mutagenicity was
      related directly to the concentration of liver S9. Thus, in the
      Salmonella/microsome assay, when the concentration of rat-liver S9 was increased
      over and above the amount required for the optimal mutagenicity of BP, the
      mutagenic metabolites of BP were inactivated (by being trapped with cytosolic
      nucleophiles and/or by enzymic conjugation with glutathione); this effect
      increased more rapidly than their rate of formation. The concentration of liver
      S9 for optimal mutagenicity of test compounds requiring activation catalyzed by
      mono-oxygenases seems, therefore, to be related to the departure from linearity
      of the relationship between the rate of formation of mutagenic metabolites and
      the concentration of liver S9.

PMID- 392309
TI  - Critical importance of microsome concentration in mutagenesis assay with V79
      Chinese hamster cells.
AB  - For optimum mutagensis in V79 Chinese hamster cells, the amount of liver
      postmitochondrial fraction in the assay was found to be of critical importance,
      depending on the chemicals being tested. Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) required lower (1
      5%) concentrations of the liver 15 000 X g supernatant (S15) from
      methylcholanthrene pretreated rats for a maximum induction of cytotoxicity and
      mutagenicity, as determined by 8-azaguanine- and ouabain-resistance. A sharp peak
      of mutagenicity and cytotoxicity was induced by 7,8-dihydroxy-7,8
      dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene (7,8-diol BP) at a concentration of 1% of the S15 fraction.
      Little or no response was induced by these compounds with the S15 concentrations
      of more than 10%. Similarly, aflatoxin B1 induced a sharp peak of mutagenicity
      and cytotoxicity at a concentration of 2% of the liver S15 fraction from Aroclor
      pretreated rats. Under the same condition, non-carcinogenic aflatoxin G2 did not
      induce cytotoxicity and mutagenicity. Analysis of BP metabolites by high-pressure
      liquid chromatography indicates that with the 30% S15 fraction, more than 80% of
      BP was metabolized during the first 15 min, while with the 2% S15 fraction, 7,8
      diol BP increased continuously throughout the 120-min incubation period,
      suggesting a strong metabolic competition to rapidly remove BP and 7,8-diol BP
      with a high concentration of the S15. In contrast with these compounds, N
      nitrosodimethylamine induced mutagenicity and cytotoxicity which increased
      linearly in proportion to the increasing amount of the S15 fraction from
      phenobarbitone- and Aroclor-pretreated rats. Various nitrosamines with different
      lipophilicity were examined at a high (30%) and low (2%) concentration of the S15
      fraction from Aroclor-pretreated rats, in which ratios of mutation frequencies at
      30% and 2% correlated inversely with lipophilicity of the compound. This result
      suggests that the lipid solubility of test compounds may be one factor which
      determines the concentration of post-mitochondrial supernatant for optimum
      mutagenesis.

PMID- 392310
TI  - Biological and chemical effects of mustard gas in yeast.
AB  - Mustard gas induces inactivation and mutation in yeast. Both effects are dose
      proportional, indicating single-hit events. Induction of both effects is
      influenced by the cell's capacity for DNA dark-repair, whereby the probability of
      reversion is highest in repair-proficient cells. Binding of mustard gas to cells
      and probably to DNA is independent of DNA-repair systems. The number of inter
      strand cross-links, as determined by assaying for renaturability of
      alkalidenatured DNA, increases in a dose-proportional manner. At 37% survival an
      excision-deficient strain contains 55 inter-strand cross-links. Chromatographic
      analysis yields several alkylation products of DNA. Their relative frequencies
      resemble the values reported for E. coli and bacteriophage T7.

PMID- 392312
TI  - Studies of DNA-strand induced in human fibroblasts by chemical
      mutagens/carcinogens.
AB  - A method for the study of DNA-strand breaks using alkaline denaturation followed
      by hydroxylapatite chromatography has been modified and used for the detection of
      chemically induced DNA-strand breaks. A new procedure for the incubation of human
      fibroblasts with a metabolizing system and the detection of DNA-strans breaks is
      presented. With this method the induction and repair of DNA-strand breaks have
      been studied in human fibroblasts exposed to methyl methanesulphonate, melphalan,
      benzo[a]pyrene and cyclophosphamide. These agents all give rise to DNA-strand
      breaks. In cells exposed to methyl methanesulphonate, melphalan or benzo[a]pyrene
      these breaks disappeared within 21 h after re moval of the drug. In cells exposed
      to the bifunctional alkylating agent cyclophosphamide, studies of DNA-strand
      breaks suggest the presence of inter-strand cross links.

PMID- 392311
TI  - Mitochondrial mutagenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. III. Nitrous acid.
AB  - Nitrous acid (NA) induced mutations efficiently in mitDNA, conferring resistance
      to erythromycin and weakly induces mit- mutations. In some strains of yeast it
      also enhanced rho- mutations. The frequencies of nuclear and mitochondrial
      mutations induced with NA are compared.

PMID- 392313
TI  - Point mutations at the thymidine kinase locus in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells. I.
      Application to genetic toxicological testing.
AB  - We have systematically evaluated the mouse lymphoma TK+/- leads to TK-/-
      mutagenesis assay to determine if this somatic-cell test system would be a useful
      addition to the routine screening battery already used in our laboratory for the
      detection of chemical mutagens. During these investigations we observed that,
      with certain modifications of the basic assay, mutagenicity data could be
      obtained in as little as 9 days once the relative cytotoxic properties of the
      test substance were known. By improving the culturing conditions, we were able to
      reduce the serum requirements by as much as 50--75% without appreciably altering
      either cell viability or the recovery of chemically-induced mutants. Phenotypic
      stability of test-derived trifluorothymidine resistant (TFTR) mutants was
      confirmed by demonstrating cross-resistance to bromodeoxyuridine and concomitant
      sensitivity to methotrexate (THMG) in TFTR cells grown for 20 generations under
      non-selective conditions. While reduced growth rates resulting from temporary
      cell-division delay in treated cells is probably not a contributing factor to the
      observed mutation frequencies, only TFTR colonies which formed large distinct
      colonies in the presence of trifluorothymidine were clearly phenotypically stable
      mutants when spontaneous mutants were isolated and verified. When a non-mutagen,
      a weak mutagen, and a well-established mutagen were compared at equitoxic doses
      under these modified conditions, clear quantitative differences were seen in the
      respective mutation frequencies induced by these 3 types of agents. With these
      technical modifications, we feel this assay is both reliable and amenable to the
      screening of diverse chemical compounds for point-mutational activity in a
      mammalian cell.

PMID- 392314
TI  - Intrahepatic mutagenesis assay: a sensitive method for detecting N
      nitrosomorpholine and in vivo nitrosation of morpholine.
AB  - An intrahepatic host-mediated mutagenicity assay capable of detecting low levels
      of N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) is described. The indicator organism was Salmonella
      typhimurium TA1530 which had been injected intravenously 10 min prior to the
      administration of the test compound. The bacteria were subsequently recovered
      from the liver and scored for revertants by standard methods. The lower limit of
      detectibility of this system for intubated NMOR was 0.2 microgram/g body weight.
      This assay was then used to study the formation of NMOR in vivo from morpholine
      and nitrite which had been sequentially gavaged to mice. Under acidic conditions
      (pH 3.4) 12--19% of the administered morpholine was converted to NMOR in the
      presence of excess nitrite. This nitrosation, and the subsequent uptake and
      activation of the NMOR, took place so rapidly that most of the total mutagenic
      response was complete within 15 min. This response was inhibited by prior
      intubation of ascorbic acid, a known inhibitor of nitrosation, and enhanced by
      sodium thiocyanate, a nitrosation catalyst.

PMID- 392315
TI  - Measurement of DNA-excision repair in suspensions of freshly isolated rat
      hepatocytes after exposure to some carcinogenic compounds: its possible use in
      carcinogenicity screening.
AB  - When suspensions of freshly isolated rat hepatocytes were exposed to a number of
      carcinogenic compounds, it was possible to measure an increased UDS by a rapid
      procedure via liquid-scintillation counting. For a number of carcinogenic
      compounds and some of their non-carcinogenic structural analogues a good
      correlation between the carcinogenic property and the ability to induce UDS was
      demonstrable. Out of 12 carcinogenic compounds, belonging to several different
      chemical classes, 10 gave rise to an increased UDS, whereas only 2 compounds, the
      polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons benzo[alpha]pyrene and benz[alpha]anthracene,
      did not. All 4 noncarcinogenic compounds tested were negative. Possibly this
      method can be of value as a routine screening test, in combination with other
      short-term test systems, thus improving the predictive value of screening in
      vitro with respect to carcinogenicity.

PMID- 392316
TI  - Quantitative mammalian cell mutagenesis and mutagen screening: a report on
      Banbury conference II.

PMID- 392317
TI  - The mutagenicity of natural products from marine algae.
AB  - 5 polyhalogenated hydrocarbon natural products isolated from the marine red alga
      Plocamium spp. were tested for mutagenicity in the Ames reversion assay. All 5 of
      the compounds induced revertants in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and
      TA1535, indicating the mutational events involved base substitutions. One of the
      compounds, designated cross-conjugated ketone, was shown to be almost 200 times
      more effective as a mutagen than was ethyl methanesulfonate.

PMID- 392318
TI  - Mutagenicity of anthraquinone and azo dyes in Ames' Salmonella typhimurium test.
AB  - 23 dyes belonging to different chemical classes--anthraquinones, mono- and bis
      azo compounds--were tested for their mutagenic activity on Ames strains of
      Salmonella typhimurium. 5 dyes induced frameshift mutations.

PMID- 392320
TI  - [Treatment of oral candidosis in the newborn (author's transl)].

PMID- 392319
TI  - Mutagenicity and metabolism studies on 12 thiuram and dithiocarbamate compounds
      used as accelerators in the Swedish rubber industry.
AB  - 12 thiuram and dithiocarbamate compounds used in the rubber industry as
      accelerators, and to some extent as sources of sulfur, were tested, as well as
      carbon disulfide, a metabolite found in vivo after dithiocarbamate treatment, for
      mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium. A mutagenic effect on the base
      substitution-sensitive strains TA1535 and TA100 was found for 7 compounds. The
      most potent directly acting mutagens were: tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD),
      zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (ziram), cadmium diethyldithiocarbamate and zinc
      diethyldithiocarbamate. Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), also known as
      Antabus, and carbon disulfide were non-mutagenic. The relatively low direct
      mutagenic effect of tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) was enhanced in the
      presence of a metabolizing system (S9 mix). A hypothesis is given regarding the
      activation process of the monosulfide TMTM.

PMID- 392322
TI  - Primary chancriform syndrome caused by Nocardia asteroides.

PMID- 392321
TI  - [A fungistatic effect of some aliphatic amines (author's transl)].

PMID- 392323
TI  - Electron microscopic observations on natamycin effect in Candida albicans cell
      wall.

PMID- 392324
TI  - Effect of thymectomy on tumor development and on T and B lymphocytes in tumor
      bearing rats.
AB  - Tumor growth and changes in T and B lymphocyte ratio in spleen, draining lymph
      node and peripheral blood of thymectomized, irradiated rats, reconstituted with
      syngeneic bone marrow transplanted at various time intervals with MC-1
      fibrosarcoma cells were followed. Control nonthymectomized or "sham" operated
      rats were transplanted an equal dose of tumor cells. Thymectomy and irradiation
      reduced the numbers of T lymphocytes in all lymphoid organs, while the enhanced
      numbers of B cells are probably related to reconstitution with cells of syngeneic
      bone marrow. The time interval between thymectomy, irradiation and
      transplantation of tumor cells proved to be a limiting factor for tumor growth
      and changes in T and B cell ratio. Early transplantation of tumor cells (7 days
      after irradiation) resulted in an enhanced resistance to tumor development, a
      reduced tumor growth rate and a progressing decline in the number of T cells. If
      the interval between thymectomy and tumor cell transplantation lasted 4 weeks,
      the T cell population became partially regenerated, and tumors grew progressively
      in correlation with a continuing T lymphocyte depletion. The results are
      discussed in terms of the role of various T cell subpopulations and the
      significance of residual, thymectomy- and irradiation-resistant T lymphocyte
      population, vital for a preservation of T cell immunological functions.

PMID- 392325
TI  - T and B lymphocytes of the regional lymph nodes in patients with carcinoma of
      uterine cervix.
AB  - A comparative study of the peripheral blood and the regional lymph nodes
      lymphocyte subpopulations at 25 patients with carcinoma of uterine cervix was
      carried out by non-immune rosettes and immunofluorescence methods. The lymph
      nodes of ten women not affected with any disease, but operated on the occasion of
      the traumas were investigated as a control. The patients had a significant
      reduction of the relative amount of T cells and increase of number of B cells in
      their lymph nodes as compared with the control group. A significant variability
      of immune indices of the regional lymph nodes as compared to those of peripheral
      blood was shown. It was pointed out that the presence of the metastases in the
      regional lymph nodes is one of the possible reasons of this phenomena. The
      possible significance of the results is discussed.

PMID- 392326
TI  - Cell-mediated immune reactions directed against syngeneic methylcholanthrene
      induced mouse sarcomas: low reproducibility of the results obtained with the tube
      modification of leukocyte adherence inhibition assay.
AB  - The value of the tube modification of leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay
      for assessment of cell-mediated reactions directed against tumor-associated
      antigens of transplantable MC-induced murine sarcomas was examined. It was
      established that the adherence of leukocytes isolated from spleens of tumor
      bearing mice is specifically inhibited with 3 M KCl extracts of corresponding
      tumor cells. However, the reproducibility of the results obtained with the tube
      modification of LAI assay was found to be rather low. Using the same experimental
      protocol and the same 3 M KCl extracts of the sarcoma and control tissues,
      significant differences between adherence in tumor specific and control samples
      were only found in approximately 50% of the experiments.

PMID- 392327
TI  - [Occurrence and clinical significance of excessive elongation and tortuosity of
      the internal carotid artery].

PMID- 392329
TI  - [A case of successful removal of a deep-seated bullet in the brain by stereotaxic
      approach (author's transl)].

PMID- 392328
TI  - [Autosensitization of neurosurgical cases by normal brain tissue antigens
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The leukocyte reactions of 106 neurosurgical cases, including 63 brain tumors, 10
      intracerebral hematomas, 10 cerebral infarctions, 10 subarachnoidal hemorrhages,
      8 cerebral injuries and 5 chronic subdural hematomas, against the extracts of
      gliomas and normal brain tissues were tested by capillary migration (LMI) and
      adherence inhibition (LAI) assays. Both tests showed specific responses with
      autochthonous and allogeneic glioma extracts in glioma patients. The sensitivity
      of LAI was superior to that of LMI, although LAI also showed adherence
      enhancement in the presence of weakly sensitized leukocytes or weak antigenic
      stimuli. Leukocytes from glioma patients showed positive inhibition with normal
      brain tissues from patients with glioma and intracerebral hematoma. Positive
      leukocyte reactions with normal brain tissues were also confirmed in patients
      with intracerebral hematomas, cerebral infarctions and severe cerebral
      lacerations, but not in those with subarachnoidal hemorrhages, minor cerebral
      contusions and chronic subdural hematomas. These results suggest that the
      leukocytes of patients with destructive brain lesions were autosensitized by
      normal brain antigens. The autosensitization has some advantages in that
      destroyed brain tissues are eliminated, but the hyperimmune state might cause
      postictal brain edema and should be properly controlled by steroids.

PMID- 392330
TI  - Perspectives in international neurosurgery: neurosurgery in Taiwan.

PMID- 392331
TI  - Mechanisms of hyperventilation in head injury: case report and review.
AB  - We report the case of a head-injured patient with spontaneous hyperventilation
      who had recurrent episodes of relative hypoventilation associated with increases
      in intracranial pressure. Detailed ventilatory studies were performed during the
      2nd week after injury. Our findings in this patient prompted us to review the
      possible mechanisms underlying the observed changes. We suggest that spontaneous
      hyperventilation in head injury is secondary to a decrease in cortical inhibitory
      influences on respiratory control mechanisms and that the transient episodes of
      relative hypoventilation observed in our patient may reflect modified ventilatory
      responses dependent on the altered state of consciousness. (Neurosurgery, 5: 701-
      707, 1979).

PMID- 392332
TI  - Spinal metastasis: current status and recommended guidelines for management.
AB  - An overview of the current status of various aspects of spinal metastasis,
      including pathology, diagnosis, and management is presented. The cell type of the
      tumor, particularly with reference to its radiosensitivity, seems to be
      positively correlated with treatment outcome, regardless of the treatment
      modality. Because pretreatment neurological status also seems to influence
      prognosis, early identification of spinal involvement in patients at risk is
      important; therefore, a high index of suspicion in patients known to have cancer
      is necessary. The most useful warning of impending spinal cord or nerve root
      compression is spinal or radicular pain, which usually precedes neurological
      deficit by days to years. An aggressive diagnostic evaluation of pain symptoms is
      therefore warranted; this should include plain spine films and, in questionable
      cases, radioisotope bone scan. Myelography should also be considered in any
      cancer patient with persistent spinal or radicular pain, even in the absence of
      neurological deficit and certainly if there is any neurological impairment.
      Therapeutically, radiation and surgery continue as the mainstays of management,
      whereas steroids and chemotherapy serve as adjuvants. The guidelines for
      management recommended in this paper are to be viewed as tentative because the
      ideal treatment for spinal metastasis has not been established. The proposed
      guidelines are based on an analysis of retrospective studies that suggest that
      radiotherapy should be the primary mode of treatment and that surgery should be
      reserved for situations in which radiotherapy fails or where there is bony
      compression or spinal instability. Cases are presented to illustrate the
      application of these guidelines. (Neurosurgery, 5: 726--746, 1979).

PMID- 392333
TI  - Myopathies.
AB  - This paper reviews the recent advances in our knowledge of muscle disease. The
      use of muscle biopsy for diagnosis is discussed. The etiology, pathogenesis, and
      treatment of polymyositis/dermatomyositis are considered. The author discusses
      the clinical patterns, inheritance, and pathogenesis of progressive muscular
      dystrophies, especially Duchenne muscular dystrophy; myotonic disorders; glycogen
      storage diseases; disorders of lipid metabolism; mitochondrial diseases; and
      congenital muscle diseases. (Neurosurgery, 5: 747--758, 1979).

PMID- 392334
TI  - Perspectives in international neurosurgery: neurosurgery in Syria.

PMID- 392335
TI  - Is it really better to have your brain lesion early? A revision of the "Kennard
      principle".

PMID- 392337
TI  - [History of medical and hygienic legislation in Piedmont from Amadeo VIII to the
      unification of Italy. II].

PMID- 392336
TI  - [Various types of reducing diets].
AB  - It must be readily understood that the only possibility of fighting obesity is by
      bringing about a reversal in the energy balance so that inputs are smaller than
      outputs. At least theoretically, then, obesity's special quality is that it does
      not present any therapeutic problem. Restriction in food intake is currently the
      treatment of choice; to be effective, food intake must be cut so that the energy
      provided is below the obese person's daily consumption, on average below 1200
      calories per day, while at the same time holding a comparatively high intake of
      indispensable elements (proteins, vitamins, certain minerals and oligo-elements).
      The physician has a choice of various possibilities represented by fasting, a
      variety of free or controlled diets, protein diets or diets with low carbohydrate
      content and with a variable fat content; dissociated, zig-zag, one food diets
      etc. Substantially all these tend to limit the total quantity of glycides and
      boost the feeling of satiety by increasing the total volume of good while keeping
      total calories unvaried. It is clear that each of them has specific indications
      and clear-cut contraindications. The aim is to produce a calory shortfall, not
      cause denutrition. The diet must therefore be suited to the individual directed
      during subsequent stages of weight loss in relation to the patient's specific
      requirements (number of meals, etc.).

PMID- 392338
TI  - [Exudates, transudates and the Rivalta reaction (1895). Current status and
      historical premises].

PMID- 392339
TI  - [Analysis of the rheological and hemocoagulative changes in the pathogenesis of
      diabetic angiopathy].

PMID- 392340
TI  - [History of medical and hygienic legislation in Piedmont from Amedeo VIII to the
      unification of Italy. III].

PMID- 392341
TI  - Renal transplantation; therapeutic effectiveness at State University of New York
      Upstate Medical Center.

PMID- 392342
TI  - The "Great Good Medicine".

PMID- 392343
TI  - Medical botany; note on Constantine Samuel Refinesque (1784-1841).

PMID- 392345
TI  - The epic of Gilgamesh; resolution of concepts of evil and death in ancient
      Babylonia.

PMID- 392344
TI  - From poorhouse to medical facility: genesis of onondaga County Infirmary.

PMID- 392346
TI  - Charles Darwin's vision of organic nature; "A force like a hundred thousand
      wedges".

PMID- 392348
TI  - Towards a higher standard of crown and bridgework. III. Bridge design.

PMID- 392349
TI  - Dr. T. G. Ludwig.

PMID- 392350
TI  - Dementia: a brief review.

PMID- 392347
TI  - Medicaid on-site program: first year in New York State.

PMID- 392351
TI  - Antibiotics and streptococcal infections.

PMID- 392352
TI  - Sulphinpyrazone (Anturan) after myocardial infarct.

PMID- 392353
TI  - Obituary. Gerald Morgan Brown.

PMID- 392355
TI  - Percy Toumaine Phillips, D.D.S., 1898-1979.

PMID- 392354
TI  - Anti-N in patients undergoing regular haemodialysis: a possible association with
      renal transplant failure.
AB  - Six patients on regular haemodialysis in the Auckland renal dialysis unit
      developed the antibody anti-N. All utilised formaldehyde resterilisation dialyser
      procedures. Four patients with anti-N underwent renal transplantation
      unsuccessfully. Histological changes were difficult to interpret and could not be
      closely correlated with serological findings, although vessel thrombi and renal
      tissue infarcts were seen in some kidneys. It is recommended that renal patients
      should be screened at 4 degrees C and room temperature for anti-N and that
      resterilisation of dialysers be carefully controlled. Where transplantation is to
      be performed in a patient with anti-N, the organ should be warmed and perfused
      with warm saline prior to grafting.

PMID- 392356
TI  - Percy Toumaine Phillips 1898-1979.

PMID- 392357
TI  - Odontophilately (Abul Kasim).

PMID- 392358
TI  - Alfred J. Asgis, 1893-1979, devoted life to dental profession.

PMID- 392360
TI  - Basil G. Bibby receives honorary doctorate degree.

PMID- 392359
TI  - The treatment of bruxism--a review and analysis.

PMID- 392361
TI  - The life of Hans Hinselmann.

PMID- 392362
TI  - Survey of impression materials and techniques in Ohio.

PMID- 392363
TI  - [Results of the radiation therapy of malignant epipharyngeal tumors in 1953
      1977].
AB  - 134 patients having carcinomas of nasopharynx were treated with megavoltage
      radiotherapy. Treatment results in relation to histology, stage and tumor dose
      are reported. Patients with squamous cell carcinomas showed a shorter survival in
      comparison with tumors of higher sensibility. Patients with smaller tumors
      survived longer than others in advanced stages and patients who received more
      than 5000 rads had a better prognosis both in squamous cell carcinomas and tumors
      of higher sensibility. The value of a combined treatment of radiotherapy with
      hyperthermia and/or chemotherapy is discussed.

PMID- 392364
TI  - [Double urologic tumors: reduced immunocompetence?].
AB  - 55 patients with primary multiple neoplasias underwent immunostaging with
      determination of the immunoglobulins, B- and T-lymphocyte counting, H3-lymphocyte
      stimulation (ConA, PWM, PHA) and DNCB-epidermal test. There were no significant
      differences between the PMN-group and a group of patients with solitary tumors,
      whereas both cancer patient groups revealed a diminished immunocompetence
      compared with a non-malignant control group of patients.

PMID- 392365
TI  - [Fine needle puncture of mesenchymal malignant growths of the mammary gland].
AB  - From 1967 to 1978 the author made 612 fine needle biopsies of the mamma (415
      benignant, 197 malignant cases). Among malignant cases there were 11 primary (2
      fusocellular, 1 rotundocellular sarcomas, 1 chondromyxosarcoma, 1 leiomyosarcoma,
      1 melanoblastoma, 1 angiosarcoma, 4 malignant cystosarcomas phylloides) and 4
      metastatic (1 rotundocellular, 1 reticulocellular, 2 melanoblastomas) sarcomas.
      The author gives a detailed report on cytomorphology, histology and diagnostical
      problems of mesenchymal malignomas. He thinks the practical value of fine needle
      biopsy important in the preoperative diagnostics of sarcomas in the mamma. On the
      basis of his experiences obtained during years,  he considers it undangerous and
      recommends its daily use in practice.

PMID- 392366
TI  - [Characterization and comparison of the clinical and morphological changes in
      adriamycin cardiomyopathy].
AB  - Through comparative clinical and pathological findings a dose-response
      relationship for the cardiotoxic effect of adriamycine could be proved. A
      myocardial damage without clinical relation could already be seen at a dose of
      125 mg/m2 body surface by patho-histological examination. Therefore, all patients
      being treated with adriamycine should be regularly and carefully cardiologically
      supervised in order to avoid an irreversible cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 392369
TI  - [Changes in lung perfusion after therapeutic x-ray irradiation of breast cancer].

PMID- 392367
TI  - [What prospects of success does Iscador therapy offer in advanced ovarian
      cancer?].
AB  - Having established the hypothesis that the carcinostatic effect of Iscador
      described in the literature and ascertained by own observations should also show
      in the treatment of carcinoma of the ovary, we compiled all respective cases
      treated since November 1969 in the Gynecological Ward of the Gemeinnutziges
      Gemeinschaftskrankenhaus Herdecke. The collective consisted of 25 patients with
      primary neoplasms of the ovary who received post-operative treatment with
      Iscador. The average age was 50.96 years. 20 women were in the advanced stages
      III and IV according to FIGO. Five-year survival rates were 100% in stages I and
      II, 23% in stage III and 0% in stage IV. After establishing best possible
      congruence, our group of patients was compared with a collective of 22 women with
      neoplasms of the ovary who had received post-operative treatment with Cytoval.
      Inspite of less favorable prognostic indicators for the Iscador patients, the
      latter reached an average survival rate of 16.2 months as compared to 5.2 months
      in the group treated with Cytoval (ratio 3.1:1). The survival period of Iscador
      patients in stage III was 4.2 times longer, in stage IV 1.6 times longer than
      that of the Cytoval patients. The difference is statistically significant (alpha
      less than 0.018). A comparison of the results of the two collectives shows that
      Iscador a special preparation of viscum album, is a useful and effective
      treatment of carcinoma of the ovary, particularly since it usually does not cause
      serious and undesired side effects. Thus the original working hypothesis was
      confirmed.

PMID- 392368
TI  - [Carcinogenic effect of the 3-di-(hydroxymethyl-)amino-6-(5-nitro-2-furylethenyl
      )1,2,4-triazines in Panfuran-S on mice].
AB  - The carcinogenic activity of Panfuran-S containing 3-di-(hydroxymethyl-)amino-6
      (5-nitro-2-furylethenyl-)1,2,4-triazine (DHNT) orally administered to mice for 35
      weeks was studied. DHNT produced malignant tumors of the forestomach in the
      highest incidence and also, in decreasing order of frequency, of the duodenum
      and/or jejunum, esophagus and urinary bladder. Forestomach squamous cell
      carcinomas were produced dose-dependently in mice receiving more than 350 ppm
      DHNT and rose to 100% in mice receiving 3,500 ppm. The incidence of duodenal
      and/or jejunal adenocarcinomas were 8 of 28 mice (29%) receiving 1,750 ppm and 10
      of 17 mice (59%) receiving 3,500 ppm. The incidence of esophageal squamous cell
      carcinoma was 3 of 11 mice (11%) receiving 1,750 ppm and that of urinary bladder
      transitional cell carcinoma was 2 of 28 mice (7%) receiving 1,750 ppm and 1 of 17
      mice (6%) receiving 3,500 ppm DHNT.

PMID- 392370
TI  - [Attempt at objectifying the effect of obligatory lymphonodectomy in the context
      of radical abdominal surgery for cervical cancer].
AB  - An attempt is made to calculate both the primary and secondary effect of
      obligatory lymphonodectomy in the course of an abdominal radical hysterectomy for
      cervical uterine carcinoma, attributed to the histological stages Ib, IIa and
      IIb. Within the period from 1951 to 1972 both effects were intensified by
      increasing radicalization of lymph node dissection; the quotes of 13.96% and
      10.81%, respectively, are as high as the best results reported by CHIEN-TIEN HSU
      and I. SEN LIU in 1966.

PMID- 392371
TI  - [High-dosage gestagen treatment in the therapy of advanced breast cancer].
AB  - The results obtained with a new hormonal treatment schedule involving the
      administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate in single and total doses never
      before used in the treatment of advanced breast cancer are reported. The results
      concern 100 patients, 13 of which in premenopause and 87 in postmenopause stage.
      79 patients were treated with a single daily dose of 1500 mg i.m. for 30 days,
      subdivided into 2 equal doses administered at intervals of 12 hours, while 21
      patients were treated with a dose of 2000 mg/day using the same modalities. In
      the 13 premenopausal patients, complete or partial objective remission was
      observed in 12/13 (92%) of cases, while the disease advanced in one of the
      patients (8%). Of the 87 postmenopausal patients, complete or partial objective
      remission was observed in 40/87 (46%) of cases, minimal remission in 9/87 (10%),
      while 18/87 (21%) remained stationary. The disease advanced in 20/87 (23%) of
      patients. In patients where metastasis mainly affected the bones and soft tissues
      complete or partial remission occurred in 41/52 (79%) of cases. Those where
      visceral metastasis was prevalent showed remission in 3/33 (9%) of cases. Median
      duration of remission was 6 months (range: 3--27). A significant reduction of
      pain was noticed in 68/74 (92%) of cases, of dyspnea in 20/25 (80%), of anorexia
      in 45/53 (85%), of asthenia in 49/70 (70%) and of restriction of movement in
      24/39 (62%). On the basis of the present results, treatment with massive doses of
      medroxyprogesterone acetate should be considered: a) as first therapeutic measure
      in the treatment of postmenopausal patients with prevalent lesions in soft
      tissues and bones; b) as a subject of a particular study in premenopausal
      patients with breast cancer in an advanced stage, and c) as a possible
      alternative to polychemotherapy in the treatment of micrometastasis following
      mastectomy.

PMID- 392372
TI  - [Blood histamine level in chronic myeloproliferative diseases; a review].
AB  - Since the discovery of a very high blood histamine level in chronic myelocytic
      leukemia (CML) 1936, the author could ascertain that this parameter is very
      useful in the differential diagnosis between CML and various "leukemoid"
      reactions; in the early diagnosis of CML and in the differential diagnosis
      between CML and other myeloproliferative disorders. Recent researches proved that
      no correlation exists between blood histamine level and basophil count in the
      peripheral blood. Further investigations in this field have to clear up the
      questions whether it is possible by means of repeated controls of the blood
      histamine level to predict the development of a polycythemia vera into CML or to
      establish in a case of osteomyelosclerosis that this disease has been Preceeded
      by A CML.

PMID- 392373
TI  - [Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in cervical cancer].
AB  - Sera of 120 patients, suffering from cervical cancer (CCa) of different clinical
      stages (stage 0: n = 27; stage I: n = 29; stage II--IV: n = 64) as well as the
      sera of 116 healthy individuals as control group were examined for lymphocytoxic
      antibodies by microlymphocytotoxicity tests, variated in incubation temperatures
      (15 degress -- 22 degrees -- 37 degrees C) and incubation times (30--180
      minutes). At an incubation temperature of 15 degrees C cold reacting
      lymphocytotoxic antibodies were detected in 26 patients' sera (21.7%) and in 13
      control sera (11.2%). At an incubation temperature of 22 degrees C 36 CCa-sera
      (30%) were positive in comparison to 11 sera of the control group (9.5%). At an
      incubation 37 degrees C 40 CCa-sera (33.3%) and 7 control sera (6%) were
      positive. Relating these results to the clinical stages of the carcinoma, the
      highest percentage of lymphocytotoxicity was found in the sera of patients with
      an early stage of the disease. Increased evidence of lymphocytotoxic antibodies
      in the sera of patients with cervical carcinoma supports the assumption, that
      various immune reactions may be involved in this disease.

PMID- 392374
TI  - [Therapy results in hairy cell leukemia].
AB  - 20 patients with hairy cell leukemia were treated between 1966 and 1978. All
      modalities of treatment for lymphoproliferative disorders have been used in at
      least some patients. Besides prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide and their
      combinations as well as irradiation of enlarged spleens, cell depletion was
      achieved by splenectomy and leukapheresis. Cytostatics had no beneficial effect.
      Cytostatic therapy exposed some patients to the hazards of severe infections. On
      the contrary splenectomy lead to the improvement of some blood parameters.
      Leukapheresis seemed to work nearly identically. The survival of the
      splenectomized patients was longer than of controls. Because of the variability
      of the duration of the disease no definite statement could be made concerning the
      survival of both groups. 12 patients died during the observation period.
      Splenectomy was followed by one death, 11 patients died of septicemia.

PMID- 392375
TI  - [Effectiveness of gnotobiotic measures in the treatment of acute leukemia: the
      results of a prospective randomized clinical study].
AB  - 60 adult patients with acute leukemia (AL) previously untreated or in relapse
      received induction chemotherapy with different types of supportive care. Group A
      was decontaminated by nonabsorbable antibiotics in strict reverse isolation,
      group B was isolated only and group C was treated under routine hospital
      conditions. There were less infections in group A and B compared with group C.
      76% of patients in group A achieved remission, in contrast to 57% in group B and
      59% in group C. Late evaluation three years after termination of the study showed
      that all patients were dead except four patients being in first remission after
      discontinuation of maintenance treatment. Three patients were treated in group A,
      one patient in group C. However, the differences of survival and remission rates
      were not significant. Failure to demonstrate significant advantage of isolation
      and decontamination in treatment of AL was caused by insufficient suppression of
      microbes by the applied antimicrobial measures. Thus, it is suggested to
      investigate better antimicrobial treatment before gnotobiotic care is accepted as
      routine supportive treatment in AL.

PMID- 392376
TI  - [Perioperative behavior of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2
      alpha (DHK-PGF2 alpha) in the serum in bronchial cancer].
AB  - The perioperative behaviour of PGE2 and DHK-PGF2 alpha was studied in peripheral
      blood of patients undergoing lung surgery. The measurement of prostaglandins was
      performed by RIA after an extraction procedure. Common control criteria were
      observed. In 39 patients blood sampling was performed preoperatively and 2 weeks
      postoperatively. PGE2 and DHK-PGF2 alpha were significantly elevated in 8
      patients with lung cancer before the operation. Postoperatively the
      concentrations decreased; 2 weeks later, DHK-PGF2 alpha was still slightly
      increased, PGE2 had normalized. 9 patients suffering from tuberculosis had normal
      serum concentrations of PGE2 and DHK-PGF2 alpha before and after resection
      procedures. In 8 cases the resection of benign lung diseases did not cause any
      abnormal reactions. In 2 special groups blood sampling was performed the
      following way: in 4 cancer patients and 3 tuberculosis patients blood was
      collected preoperatively, 5 times in the first hour after lung resection and 1
      day and 2 weeks after operation. It could be demonstrated that PGE2 and DHK-PGF2
      alpha almost completely normalized within the first postoperative hour in cancer
      patients, whereas no significant alterations could be found in tuberculosis.
      After discussion of technical problems in the measurement of prostaglandins the
      alterations of PG concentrations after lung cancer resection are emphasized.

PMID- 392378
TI  - [Structure and goals of the German Cancer Assistance].

PMID- 392377
TI  - [Monochemotherapeutic treatment of advanced stage III and IV ovarian cancer].
AB  - 45 patients with ovarian cancer stage III and IV were treated with melphalan,
      which was injected intravenously over a time period of six hours. None of the
      patients had been treated previously with chemotherapeutic drugs. 30 of the
      patients suffered from ovarian cancer stage III, and 17 of this group went into
      remission which in three cases lasted longer than twelve months. Six of 15
      patients suffering from stage IV ovarian cancer went into remission as well. In
      comparing monochemotherapy with polychemotherapy, which is applied intravenously
      as well over a much longer time interval we found approximately the same
      remission rate. Because of the lower toxicity in the treatment with melphalan and
      the short period of application, there is a significant advantage to using
      monochemotherapy rather than polychemotherapy for stage III and IV ovarian
      cancer.

PMID- 392379
TI  - [Epidemiology of ovarian cancer].
AB  - At the Gynecological University Hospital in Marburg/Lahn, 190 women with cancer
      of the ovary who had been under clinical treatment from 1962--July 1976 were
      studied epidemiologically. Special risk factors which seem to predispose to the
      development of cancer of the ovary were determined. Higher social standing,
      having no children or having born more than four children, a shortened menarche
      menopause interval, having had radiation of the pelvis, as well as having had an
      appendectomy seem to be factors overrepresented among cancer patients in Marburg.
      More patients had blood group A and fewer had blood group O than would be
      expected from the distribution in the population as a whole. Polyps of the corpus
      uteri were often seen to precede cancer of the ovary. Diabetes mellitus,
      adiposity, hypertension and varicosis were frequent accompanying diseases. Many
      patients had a fmily history of cancer.

PMID- 392380
TI  - [Social class and bronchial cancer: the social structure in comparison to the
      total population].
AB  - 400 male lung cancer patients were analysed according to their social class
      distribution and compared with the relevant age group of the Austrian population.
      There are significantly more lower class people among lung cancer patients than
      in the general population. The higher lung cancer risk in lower social classes,
      therefore, may be associated with social factors. These may influence smoking
      habits, the main cause of lung cancer: lower class people are more often
      cigarette smokers, less exsmokers and prefere high tar cigarettes.

PMID- 392381
TI  - [Epidemiology of cervical cancer in Austria].
AB  - In cooperation with the Austrian National Institute for Statistics the incidence
      rates of cancer of the cervix uteri in Austria in the period of 1971--1975 were
      investigated. Not only the different federal countries but also the political
      districts were concerned by this study. The main findings were a relative high
      rate of women less than 40 years of age and severe regional differences. Problems
      in the registration of incidence rates of cancer are pointed out.

PMID- 392382
TI  - [Papillomatous changes in the cervix uteri].
AB  - A case of condyloma acuminatum of the uterine cervix and a case of papilloma on
      the cervix with concomitant adenocarcinoma of the cervix are described. The
      diagnostic biopsy revealed only the papillomatous lesion, whereas the
      adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in the surgical specimen after hysterectomy.
      Referring to the studies of Meisels et al. on condylomatous lesions of the
      cervix, the possible frequent incidence of this cervical lesion and its role as
      one possible first step in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer are discussed. The
      in toto excision is recommended because of diagnostic and therapeutic reasons.
      Clinical, colposcopic and cytologic check-up has to be done carefully for years
      after primary treatment.

PMID- 392383
TI  - [Treatment procrastination time in breast cancer and personality structure].
AB  - Sixty patients with mammary cancer were studied in order to determine whether a
      connection between the tendency to delay medical treatment and a neurotic
      personality structure exists. The results are based on different personality
      factors that were investigated by means of the 16-PF test by Cattell. It could be
      shown that for patients who had delayed treatment (D2) the personality traits
      "limited inner tension" and "slightly inhibited" were present. On the other hand
      patients who had not delayed treatment (K1) displayed the personality traits
      "higher inner tension" and "free of inhibitions".

PMID- 392384
TI  - [Colorectal cancer].
AB  - Incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing during the last years. 5% of the
      population get affected. From these a group of patients with a higher carcinoma
      risk must be separated: that with adenomas, familial polyposis and ulcerative
      colitis. Nourishment seems to be one of the main factors for the development of
      cancer. Although all important principles of radical surgery are realized, this 5
      year survival rate for colorectal cancer is less than 40%. Prophylaxis, early
      diagnosis and the effect of irradiation and drug therapy must improve the
      relatively poor prognosis of colorectal cancer, which has reached in Germany the
      highest mortality and even -- with the exception of skin cancer -- the highest
      morbidity of all malignant neoplastic diseases.

PMID- 392385
TI  - [Neuroblastoma sympathicum problem: our own experiences with 10 neuroblastoma
      patients].
AB  - Special problems of neuroblastoma sympathicum are being demonstrated by means of
      10 cases. Although in the past 20 years therapy ahs been improved considerably,
      the 2-year survival rate in 35--40% was hardly increased. Three children are
      specially presented: case I with myoclonus encephalopathy, case II with
      spontaneous regression and case III, where therapy was carried through by radical
      surgery. Various possible causes of myoclonus encephalopathy are being discussed
      and, regarding prognosis, assessed favourably. Several samples of excision should
      be required, since the tumor substance varies histologically. It is further
      reported about immunological phenomena. We point out especially that, if a tumor
      is manifested in a child under one year of age, the prospect is very good. The
      tumor should be excised by radical surgery, and, if vital structures are
      included, a resection en bloc might be necessary, with re-implantation of
      important blood vessels. Favourable factors with regard to prognosis are being
      counted up. Therapy should be carried out individually, depending on a low risk
      or high risk case.

PMID- 392386
TI  - [Has the calculation of the rate of tumor growth clinical significance?].
AB  - In 142 circular lung foci of 78 patients we determined the tumor doubling times
      (13 bronchial carcinomas, 7 benign pulmonary tumors, and 122 pulmonary
      metastases). They fluctuated between + 12 and + 8,863 days of tumor growth and a
      diminuation of -1,810 days of half-life. 44% of all pulmonary metastases doubled
      their volumes within 60 to 250 days. During the observation period the times of
      tumor growth varied not only in different pulmonary metastases of the same
      patient, but also in solitary circular lung foci of the same person considerably.
      There is no connexion between tumor doubling time and histological tumor type as
      well as the interval between surgery of the primary tumor and occurrence of
      pulmonary metastases. Though we found in patients of 10 to 30 years of age only
      quickly growing pulmonary metastases with a tumor doubling time of less than 60
      days a corrlation between time of tumor growth and age could not be proved. By
      the determination of the tumor doubling time neither binding statements on the
      nature of a circular lung focus can be made nor clinical consequences for
      diagnostics or therapy be drawn.

PMID- 392387
TI  - A review of one thousand cases of intracapsular cataract extraction: I.
      Complications.
AB  - A comprehensive review of 1,000 cases of intracapsular cataract extraction in the
      hands of a single surgeon was undertaken. Eyes with identifiable pathology in
      addition to cataract noted prior to surgery have an increased incidence of
      complications. Eyes operated at a younger age have an increased incidence of
      inadvertent extracapsular extraction, vitreous loss, flat anterior chamber,
      conjunctival bleb formation, and retinal detachment. Adoption of cryosurgery for
      lens removal reduced the incidence of inadvertent extracapsular extraction in
      eyes predisposed to complication. The use of monofilament nylon suture in a
      continuous closure reduced the incidence of bleb formation and eliminated the
      necessity for re-operation for complications of wound closure.

PMID- 392388
TI  - A review of one thousand cases of intracapsular cataract extraction: II. Visual
      results and astigmatic analysis.
AB  - A review of 1,000 cases of intracapsular cataract extraction revealed that in
      eyes in which no factor predisposed to complication, the early visual results
      were equal to or better than 20/40 in 97% of the cases. Complications of surgery
      in this group accounted for decreased visual acuity in only 1.7% of the eyes. In
      the group of patients with high myopia, previous surgery, known corneal disease,
      or some other factor thought to predispose to a complication, the visual acuity
      was equal to or better than 20/40 in only 74% of the cases, most of the decrease
      being due to preexisting factors within the eye rather than complications
      themselves. In the first group, the total amount of astigmatism produced by all
      the suturing techniques reviewed was similar. With interrupted suturing
      techniques, the axis of the correcting cylinder was more often against the rule
      while continuous closures with monofilament nylon more frequently produced with
      the rule astigmatism.

PMID- 392389
TI  - A modified double track-suture technique.

PMID- 392390
TI  - [Mineralized bone allografts].

PMID- 392391
TI  - [Late results of the plastic repair of the skull bones with bone chips].

PMID- 392392
TI  - [Problems of traumatology in the works of Ibn-Sina (Avicenna)].

PMID- 392393
TI  - [Physicians and the 1st issues of the journal "Nyugat"].

PMID- 392394
TI  - [The teaching of history of medicine at the University of Cracow].

PMID- 392395
TI  - [The disability of Imre Thokoly, Prince Regent of Transylvania].

PMID- 392396
TI  - [Successful treatment of Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome with transfer factor].

PMID- 392398
TI  - [Photochemotherapy, a new method for the treatment of psoriasis].

PMID- 392397
TI  - [Gyorgy Gabor (1913-1979)].

PMID- 392399
TI  - [The origin of teaching internal medicine in the Hungarian language].

PMID- 392400
TI  - [Orlay Janos].

PMID- 392401
TI  - [Dr. Istvan Jozsa (1756-1839) on the 140th anniversary of his death].

PMID- 392402
TI  - Evaluation of infants and children for kidney disease.
AB  - An attempt is being made to provide a logical framework for the differential
      diagnosis of kidney disease in children. The process is facilitated by the fact
      that the starting points heralding renal disease are rather limited, the great
      majority of the conditions presenting themselves as one of five signs or five
      syndromes. Within each of these categories a sequential approach permits passage
      from the most common diseases and innocuous methods of clinical investigation to
      more esoteric entities and invasive techniques.

PMID- 392403
TI  - Hematuria in children.
AB  - Hematuria is the most common sign of renal lesions in childhood. Most common
      renal causes are glomerulonephritis, Alport's syndrome and IgA mesangiopathy.
      Urological and systemic causes are less frequently seen. Diagnostic approach
      focuses on the clinical presentation of hematuria: gross or microscopic, and
      accompanying signs or symptoms. Monosymptomatic hematuria causes are variable in
      each age group. Prognosis of cases with hematuria depends upon the cause.

PMID- 392404
TI  - Hypertension in children.
AB  - This article is a review of current concepts on hypertension in children and
      adolescents. It discusses the importance of recording blood pressure in
      childhood, the epidemiologic and etiologic aspects of hypertension, the
      diagnostic procedures, and finally the approach to therapy.

PMID- 392405
TI  - Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. A review of recent developments.
AB  - This revision is concerned with controversial aspects of the etiopathogenesis of
      acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) and with recently published
      clinical, serologic, immunohistologic and prognostic data. The putative
      nephritogenic antigens in group A streptococcus are discussed and the
      pathogenetic alternatives of exogenous (streptococcal) versus autologous
      (streptococcal-induced) immune complex (IC) disease are analyzed. The possible
      role of antiglobulins is reviewed in the light of the work that shows high titers
      of rheumatoid factor activity in the serum, as early as the first day of clinical
      APSGN, and glomerular-fixed anti-IgG in the biopsies of these patients.
      Circulating IC have been documented to be more frequent in the first week of the
      disease (2/3 of patients) that at a later date. Cryoglobulins are present in most
      cases tested in the first week, and elevation of serum IgG and IgM levels is
      found in over 90% of the patients. From the immunohistologic viewpoint, emphasis
      is made in recent work indicating IgG localization in the dermal papillae of
      uninvolved skin, which may be of potential diagnostic significance. Review of the
      published data on the prognosis of APSGN suggest that this issue is far from
      settled. Attention is called to the fact that the conflicting opinions may
      reflect different interpretations of possibly not too different data.

PMID- 392406
TI  - Clinicopathologic correlations in the nephrotic syndrome.
AB  - The wide utilization of renal biopsy and the introduction of electron microscopic
      and immunohistologic methods has allowed better definition of the clinico
      pathological conditions associated with the nephrotic syndrome (NS). Two major
      categories of facts can be differentiated. In the first one, diffuse lesions of
      glomeruli, either secondary to specific diseases, or apparently primary diseases
      such as membranous or membrano-proliferative glomerulonephropathy (GN) are
      responsible for the increased permeability of the glomerular capillaries. In most
      of these, there is evidence that immunological mechanisms play a role in the
      injury of the glomerular capillary. Any of the following clinical symptoms are
      suggestive of this category of NS: an acute nephritic onset, a moderate NS,
      macroscopic hematuria, marked hypertension and/or renal insufficiency, poorly
      selective proteinuria and decreased plasma C3 levels. Patients affected with any
      of these glomerulopathies usually do not respond to steroids. In the second one,
      usually referred to as the idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) the mechanism of
      glomerular capillary alteration is unknown and the nephrotic syndrome is more
      marked. Minimal change NS (MCNS) accounts for the great majority of INS and is
      characterized in most cases by a selective proteinuria, the absence of hematuria,
      a good response to steroids and a good prognosis. However, in some instances,
      renal biopsy reveals either diffuse mesangial proliferation (DMP) or focal
      glomerular sclerosis (which may be superimposed on MCNS or on DMP). In both
      instances, hematuria may be present and 50--75% of patients do not respond to
      steroids and have a poor prognosis. There is still considerable controversy about
      the exact relationship between these 3 patterns. We believe that they are not
      distinct entities but represent variants of the same disease. In addition to
      these 2 major categories of NS, there are, in infancy, 2 conditions associated
      with a NS of poor prognosis: congenital NS of Finnish type and infantile
      mesangial sclerosis. Since steroid-sensitive nephrosis is by far the commonest
      cause of NS especially in young children up to 8 years, a renal biopsy should be
      performed only in 2 instances: (a) when the clinical symptoms suggest diffuse
      glomerular lesions, and (b) when steroid resistance has been demonstrated.

PMID- 392407
TI  - The complement system in pediatric renal disease.
AB  - A brief review of the classical and the alternative pathways of complement
      activation is presented. Clinically, according to the complement system, we can
      divide the children with glomerulonephritis into two groups, normocomplementemic
      and hypocomplementemic. In addition, inherited complement deficiencies can be
      identified associated with renal diseases. We discuss the three possible sources
      of complement in urine, although more control studies are necessary in patients
      with different causes of proteinuria in order to define the clinical significance
      of complementuria. The immunohistological results of glomerular nephritic biopsy
      material by the fluorescence antibody technique is analyzed with respect to
      clinical diagnosis and evaluation of the treatment. The nature of C3NeF as an
      antibody to factor B-C3 complex is demonstrated by different groups and in
      different diseases. Finally, the presence of a receptor for complement in the
      glomerulus, is explained in human disease by the deposition of immune complexes
      into the renal glomeruli.

PMID- 392408
TI  - Immunosuppressive agents in the treatment of the nephrotic syndrome and
      glomerulonephritis in children.
AB  - There is good, controlled evidence which suggests that cyclophosphamide, and
      perhaps related drugs, have a definite role in the treatment of nephrotic
      children with the minimal change lesion. This role is one of secondary treatment,
      and the drugs should not be used as a first line of attack; they should be
      employed only when corticosteroid resistance or toxicity is a problem. In a few
      patients, azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine may have a role in minimising
      corticosteroid toxicity, but the remission induced in relapsing children is no
      more durable than that after corticosteroids. Chlorambucil must be given in
      doses, and for periods long enough to run the risk of neoplasia, particularly
      leukaemia; there does not appear to be a place for its use in nephrotic children
      unless the duration of remission can be shown to be longer than that obtainable
      with cyclophosphamide. There is no evidence that any immunosuppressive agent has
      a place in the management of children with idiopathic glomerular disease showing
      structural alterations in the glomeruli. Children with systemic lupus
      erythematosus and nephritis may benefit from the addition of cytotoxic agents to
      their corticosteroid regime, although the indications for this are not clear, and
      controlled evidence is lacking.

PMID- 392409
TI  - Haemolytic uraemic syndrome.
AB  - The haemolytic uraemic syndrome is an acute illness characterised by the
      occurrence of renal injury, haemolytic anaemia with red cell fragmentation and
      thrombocytopenia. Haemorrhagic diathesis, arterial hypertension and neurological
      manifestations often complicate the acute phase of the disease. In this article,
      we shall discuss in more detail the aspects of this phase. Data obtained in 72
      patients treated at the Wilhelmina Children's Hospital in Utrecht, from 1964 to
      1977, are used to illustrate the characteristics of the disease.

PMID- 392411
TI  - A portable electronic 'calling device' as an aid to 'weaning' ventilator
      dependent tetraplegic patients from intermittent positive pressure ventilation.
AB  - An electronic calling device has been developed. It is easily portable and can be
      operated by the severely paralysed tetraplegic patient in order to attract
      attention. The patient can operate the sensor either during artificial
      ventilation or when breathing spontaneously via the tracheostomy tube at a stage
      prior to the insertion of a speaking tube.

PMID- 392410
TI  - Phantom urinary bladder pain--case report.
AB  - Phantom urinary phenomena are a relatively rare disease entity. Literature search
      has revealed only one case following cystectomy, seven cases following spinal
      cord injury and several other cases in hemodialysis patients. This report
      presents a case of painful phantom bladder following cystectomy for chronic
      kidney and urinary tract infection. Treatment was directed toward sensory
      hyperstimulation for suppression of the subjective experience of the painful
      phantom. Lumbar sympathetic blocks and transcutaneous electrical stimulation were
      used. Competent coping mechanisms were increased through relaxation training and
      assertiveness training to deal with a medical problem which has no standard
      solution. The patient's response to the Comprehensive Pain Control Program was
      excellent with an estimated 75% reduction in painful phantom perceptions. A brief
      discussion of the medical literature on the subject is presented.

PMID- 392412
TI  - A new pressure measuring system for cushins and beds--with a review of the
      literature.
AB  - An interface pressure measuring device for the assessment of subject-cushion
      interface pressures at ten points has been described. Preliminary trials using 12
      healthy subjects on four cushions and three spinal injury patients on six
      cushings, has been carried out. It was also found that the water and foam cushion
      distributed the pressure over a large area than the foam cushions.

PMID- 392413
TI  - Recent topics in papovavirus mediated cellular transformation.

PMID- 392414
TI  - Differences in virulence of Naegleria fowleri.
AB  - All pathogenic Naegleria fowleri isolated from the environment were highly
      virulent to mice when instilled intranasally. Axenic cultivation gradually
      decreased virulence of highly virulent strains. This decrease was most pronounced
      in environmental isolates and of minor importance in N. fowleri isolated from
      human cerebrospinal fluid. The low virulent strains obtained by continuous axenic
      cultivation appeared after clonation to consist of individuals with different
      virulence. Virulence could be enhanced in low virulent strains by brain passage
      and passages in Vero cell cultures, but could not be induced by these methods in
      nonvirulent strains isolated from the environment. Different mice strains showed
      different sensitivities to infection with pathogenic Naegleria. In addition,
      older mice were less sensitive than younger animals to low virulent strains.

PMID- 392415
TI  - [Incidences of resistance capacity (RC) and of electrode-interval enlargement on
      the gastro-intestinal electrical activity of the awake dog (author's transl)].
AB  - By the use of differents resistance capacity (RC) values (0,3, 0,7, 1, 3, 6 and 7
      s.) during bipolar recordings of digestive electromyogramme in chronically
      implanted dogs, it has been shown that the RC incidences were:--an increase of
      the slow wave potential amplitude, the optimale value of the RC was 3 sec;--the
      detection with long RC (1, 3, 6 and 7 S.) of a slow post-potential at the antral
      level. But there is no effect of the RC on the slow wave duration and on the
      spikes potentials caracteristics (amplitude-duration number). When the interval
      between the two active electrodes is increased (0,5 to 63 cm) the slow wave
      amplitude is enlarged; the best results on the slow wave amplitude are obtained
      with an electrode-interval of 7 to 8 cm. In cases of an important interval
      between two active electrodes (8, 16, 32, 63, 190 cm), the slow wave frequency at
      an intestinal level is dependent of the upward electrode. The spikes potentials
      are affected by electrode interval enlargement, and are dependent of the
      contractil events which can appear under each separated electrode.

PMID- 392416
TI  - [Plasma cell beta-glucuronidase and monoclonal gammapathies (author's transl)].
AB  - beta-glucuronidase activity, estimated cytochemically, is, in more than half
      cases of myeloma, very increased or decreased, compared to that found in benign
      dysglobulinemias, where this activity is normal. A very high or very low score
      makes sure the diagnostic of myeloma. The relations between the beta
      glucuronidase activity and the myeloma clinical stade according to Durie and
      Salmon and the bone lysis are discussed.

PMID- 392417
TI  - [Thrombopenia and radial aplasia: 2 cases with platelet function and
      ultrastructural studies of megakaryocytes and platelets (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report on two cases of congenital thrombopenia with radial aplasia.
      Both children display several formative abnormalities and a mild thrombopenia;
      hemorragic manifestations occurred in the first case only. Megacryoblastic to
      platelets series, as studied with electronic microscopy, show small-sized,
      "microcytic" and hypogranular megacaryocytes, displaying a maturative disorder
      (dysmegacaryocytopoiesis). In functional studies, platelets of the first patient
      show an imperfect nucleotidic release and do not agregate normally with
      ristocetin. The second case exhibits mostly a PF3 reduction. The variety of
      expression of the megacaryocytic-platelets disorders appears likewise in the
      squelettal and visceral malformations. The whole disorder could be ascribed to a
      pleiotropic abnormal gene with a variable expressivity.

PMID- 392418
TI  - [Enzymatic induction during isoniazid therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - Enzyme induction by isoniazid was studied by urinary D-glucaric acid estimation
      in slow and fast acetylators. Isoniazid administration increases significantively
      the D-glucaric acid elimination in the two classes of patients. In fast
      acetylators, the glucaricaciduria increases regularly up to 1.8 fold the
      physiological level in 30 days. In slow acetylators, after a progressive
      elevation during 20 days, the glucaricaciduria reaches quickly a 3 fold increase
      after 30 days. When a classic inducer such as phenobarbital is administrated in
      association with isoniazid, induction is stimulated in the two groups of
      patients. The estimation of plasmatic free isoniazid seems to indicate that the
      acetylation rate of isoniazid is not on the dependance of the induction process
      when the drug is administrated alone. In contrast, this rate increases when the
      association isoniazid-phenobarbital is administrated to slow acetylators.
      Possible consequences on the hepatic toxicity of isoniazid are discussed.

PMID- 392420
TI  - [Detection of blood group P1 activity in F. hepatica and F. gigantica (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Four lyophilizated liver fluke antigens and one of hydatid fluid were examined
      for the presence of blood group like antigens P1, A, B, M and N by an
      hemagglutination inhibition test with hyperimmune and natural hemagglutinating
      sera. P1 or P1-like substance was found in the extracts of "Fasciola hepatica"
      and "F. gigantica" in a lower concentration than in echinoccocal fluid. This
      presence may explain the occurrence of anti-P1 antibodies in patients infected
      with liver fluke and belonging to the P2 blood group. However biochemical studies
      will be necessary to determine if the P1 activity is due to the blood group P1
      substance of the red cell itself or due to a P1 like substance.

PMID- 392419
TI  - [Use of serum s-IgA detection in liver pathology (author's transl)].
AB  - Secretory IgA (sIgA) were searched in 60 sera of healthy blood donors and in 1
      590 sera of subjects having various diseases. 20 percent of these subjects showed
      an increased amount of sIgA in their sera. The only subjects presenting a
      constant increase (sometimes more than 20 fold the normal amount) were people
      with liver diseases. Quantitation of sIgA, in relation with the determination of
      the IgA/transferrin ratio (IgA/T) in sera, showed an important difference between
      Laennec's cirrhosis on one hand and virus hepatitis or post-hepatitic cirrhosis
      on the other. In Laennec's cirrhosis a moderate increase in sIgA went with a
      strong elevation of the IgA/T ratio, the latter being proportional to the degree
      of evolution of the disease. In virus hepatitis, the sIgA amount was largely
      increased while the IgA/T ratio remained at a normal value.

PMID- 392421
TI  - [Influence of reintervention by the bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG) on the
      nonspecific resistance of the mouse to Schistosoma mansoni (author's transl)].
AB  - Significant resistance to Schistosoma mansoni appears in mice two weeks after
      treatment with BCG. The state of nonspecific resistance is considerably increased
      if the injection of BCG two weeks prior to the infestation test is carried out
      using mice who have already received BCG. Thus, BCG innoculation in an organism
      presentized to the bacillus antigens increases immunostimulation. According to
      these results, during primoinnoculation with BCG, immunostimulation is not
      significant before this second week, that is, the time necessary for a state of
      hypersensitivity to appear. Nevertheless, it should be noted that weak yet
      detectable immunostimulation can be observed before the 14th day following a BCG
      primoinfection. Thus, the possible role of other mechanisms should be considered.

PMID- 392422
TI  - The survival of cryopreserved human bone marrow stem cells.
AB  - Two methods for cryopreservation of bone marrow stem cells were compared using
      bone marrow obtained from 36 patients. Included in this group were 21 persons
      with the diagnosis of leukaemia including 14 either with acute myeloid or
      lymphoblastic leukaemia in remission following intensive remission induction
      chemotherapy. After freeze-preservation and reconstitution, all marrow samples
      were tested for nucleated cell (NC) recovery and grown on agar to assess colony
      forming units (CFUC) and cluster forming units in culture (CluFUc). A slow
      dilution reconstitution method using freezing media containing AB negative plasma
      resulted in recovery of 85% of the CFUc activity of fresh marrow. This result was
      significantly better than the 47% CFUc recovery obtained when freezing media
      without plasma and a rapid dilution reconstitution technique were used. NC
      recoveries following slow dilution (51%) and rapid dilution (44%) were not
      significantly different. CluFUc were disproportionately reduced compared with
      CFUc although yielding similar results with both methods (26% and 32%). No
      correlation was found for either method between CFUc and NC recovery or between
      CFUc and CluFUc recovery in cryopreserved bone marrow.

PMID- 392423
TI  - A solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of antibody
      to rubella virus.
AB  - An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was established for detection of antibodies
      to rubella virus. In this system commercially available rubella antigen was
      attached to the wells of polystyrene microtitre plates after which sera were
      added and incubated to allow the formation of antigen-antibody complexes. The
      presence of bound antibody was detected by adding anti-human globulin coupled to
      horseradish peroxidase and visually observing the colour change produced after
      addition of an appropriate substrate. The test was reproducible and simple to
      perform and had a similar sensitivity to the widely used haemagglutination
      inhibition system.

PMID- 392424
TI  - Surface marker studies in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma.
AB  - Immunological surface marker techniques were applied in a study of 29 cases of
      chronic lymphocytic leumaemia and 22 of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Surface marker
      characteristics distinguished 2 subtypes of B lymphocytes. Chronic lymphocytic
      leukaemia was a monoclonal proliferation of B lymphocytes which produced
      spontaneous rosettes with mouse erythrocytes and had faintly immunofluorescent
      surface immunoglobulin. The majority of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas also had their
      origin from B lymphocytes but in contrast, this subtype did not show receptors
      for mouse erythrocytes and their surface immunoglobulin was brightly staining and
      demonstrated "capping". The clonal origin of nodular lymphomas could also be
      demonstrated on frozen sections stained for surface immunoglobulin. Two cases of
      true histiocytic lymphoma were identified. The current information available on
      surface marker characteristics of the leukaemias and lymphomas is reviewed.

PMID- 392425
TI  - [Characteristics of the clinical course of intestinal Salmonella infection in
      ifants in the 1st year of life].

PMID- 392426
TI  - [Obstetrical care in Rovno Province].

PMID- 392427
TI  - [Ivan Pavlovich Lazarevich (on the 150th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 392428
TI  - [Effect of intercurrent pathology on the immune response of the child's body in
      dysentery].

PMID- 392429
TI  - Transplacental passage of islet cell antibody in infants of diabetic mothers.
AB  - The incidence of pancreatic islet cell antibody (ICAb) was assessed in the cord
      blood and sera of infants of diabetic mothers (IDM). ICAb activity was detected
      in the cord blood of 10 of 36 (27.8%) consecutive IDM studied and in 0 of 111
      (0%) cord bloods of normal control infants. In all instances, ICAb activity in
      the cord sera was of the immunoglobulin (IgG) class and was associated with ICAb
      in maternal sera at the time of delivery. No correlation was observed between the
      incidence of ICAb in IDM and alterations in fetal growth parameters, congenital
      malformation rates, cord blood insulin levels, or the incidence of neonatal
      complications. The evidence would support transplacental passage of ICAb from
      diabetic mothers to their offspring, but would not support a primary pathogenetic
      role for ICAb in the clinical or metabolic alterations observed in these infants.

PMID- 392430
TI  - Deficient alternative complement pathway activity in newborn sera.
AB  - Neonatal susceptibility to overwhelming bacterial infection is commonly
      attributed to a relative deficiency in serum opsonic activity. However, few
      studies have compared the functional capacity of the classical complement pathway
      with that of the alternative complement pathway in the neonate. The opsonic
      activity of nine maternal infant serum pairs were studied by determining percent
      uptake of radiolabeled Escherichia coli. Seven mother-infant paired sera were
      studied using E. coli strains known to be opsonized via the alternative
      complement pathway: the mean percent uptake of E. coli opsonized in neonatal sera
      was 16.8%; of those opsonized in maternal sera, 54%; and of those opsonized in
      control sera, 45% (P less than 0.005). Two E. coli strains requiring the
      classical complement pathway for opsonization were phagocytized equally well in
      maternal and infant sera of seven mother-infant pairs. Determination of anti-O
      hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers in six maternal sera for one
      classical complement pathway activating and one alternative complement pathway
      strain showed no correlation between percent phagocytosis and HI antibody titer.
      These data would suggest that serum levels of classical pathway components are
      probably adequate for opsonization of E. coli via the classical pathway, but that
      low alternative complement pathway activity in neonatal sera may contribute to
      the newborn's increased susceptibility to bacterial sepsis.

PMID- 392431
TI  - [Heart auscultation--from the stethoscope to ultrasonics].

PMID- 392432
TI  - [Epidemiological, familial and immunogenetic studies in status dysraphicus of the
      central nervous system in children].

PMID- 392433
TI  - [Echocardiography and its practical use].

PMID- 392434
TI  - [Difficulties of differential diagnosis of proliferative diseases and
      inflammatory systemic connective tissue diseases].

PMID- 392435
TI  - [Aleksandra Ivanovna Kobrokhotova (on the 95th anniversary of her birth)].

PMID- 392436
TI  - [V. M. Velichkina (Bonch-Bruevich) - organizer of maternal and child health
      care].

PMID- 392437
TI  - [E.M. Lepskii (on the centennial of his birth)].

PMID- 392438
TI  - [Effect of antibacterial therapy on the clinical manifestations and
      epidemiological process in intestinal coli infections in children].

PMID- 392440
TI  - [Mikhail Pavlovich Matveev (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 392439
TI  - [Recurrent hematuria in childhood].

PMID- 392441
TI  - [Darmous].

PMID- 392443
TI  - The oldest optical society in the world.

PMID- 392442
TI  - [From toothbrush to mouthbrush: 2 centuries of history (1780-1977)].

PMID- 392444
TI  - Roads to Oz. II. A personal account of some U.S.-USSR medical exchanges and
      contacts. 1942--1962.

PMID- 392445
TI  - Endocrinology evolution and evolutionary endocrinology.

PMID- 392446
TI  - Truants from medicine.

PMID- 392447
TI  - Obituary: Hasan Hosni.

PMID- 392448
TI  - [CT pattern analysis of primary brain tumors and its use in automated diagnosis
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 392449
TI  - [Medical education in Copenhagen 1479-1979].

PMID- 392451
TI  - The ulcus-syndrome in cod (Gadus morhua). III. A preliminary virological report.
AB  - A bullet shaped virus presumably belonging to the Rhabdoviridae was isolated from
      a pool of 7 cods (Gadus morhua) with the ulcus-syndrome. This virus measured 55 x
      175 nm. The virus caused CPE in PS (pike sarcoma) cells, but not in a number of
      other cell lines. From the same pool another virus was isolated in EPC (epithelia
      carp) cells. This virus was an icosahedron of 145 nm and most likely to be placed
      in the family Iridoviridae. Electronmicroscopic examination of papules from
      another 13 cods with the ulcus-syndrome failed to reveal any virus. Attempts to
      isolate virus from 33 individual cases of the ulcus-syndrome were successful in
      one single case only. The two viruses have not consistently been isolated from
      cods with the ulcus symdrome, but on the other hand they have never been isolated
      from cods without the ulcus-syndrome.

PMID- 392450
TI  - Haemophilus parahaemolyticus serotypes. Pathogenicity and cross immunity.
AB  - Pigs inoculated intranasally with Haemophilus parahaemolyticus, serotype 2,
      resisted challenge 3 weeks later with serotypes 2, 4 and 5 without showing
      clinical symptoms. The pigs were sacrificed 2 days after challenge, and post
      mortem examination showed a chronic pleuropneumonia from which only serotype 2
      was re-isolated. Pigs inoculated intranasally with H. parahaemolyticus, serotype
      2, showed no clinical symptoms when challenged 3 weeks later with serotype 1.
      Post mortem examination revealed a chronic pleuropneumonia with areas of necrosis
      from which H. parahaemolyticus, serotype 2, was re-isolated, but also small areas
      of a more acute fibrinous pneumonia from which serotype 1 was re-isolated. The
      control pig inoculated with only serotype 1 showed a severe acute fibrinous
      pleuropneumonia. The results indicate that a considerable cross immunity exists
      between the various serotypes of H. parahaemolyticus.

PMID- 392452
TI  - Influence of storage and preservation of milk samples on microscopic and
      Fossomatic somatic cell counts.
AB  - Milk somatic cell counting was carried out by Fossomatic and microscopically. In
      unpreserved milk samples Fossomatic counts increased by up to 100% during the
      first 24 hours after milking. During the next 24 hours the counts increased by 5%
      whereafter they remained stable until at least 80 hours after milking, when the
      samples were stored at 5 degress C. On microscopical counting using methylene
      blue for staining, the results were stable from shortly after milking. In
      counting, attention had to be paid to the fact that within the first 24 hours a
      certain part of the cells would stain but faintly. After preservation with
      potassium bichromate the Fossomatic counts increased more rapidly. Stable results
      were found 5--8 hours after preservation. The final level of the Fossomatic
      counts was found to be app. 10% higher in preserved than in unpreserved samples.
      A smaller increase was found by microscopic counting. The rise of the cell counts
      during the first 24 hours after milking is probably due to inadequate
      stainability of living cells with ethidium bromide, resulting in a certain part
      of them being recorded by the Fossomatic. During the first day the vitality of
      the cells diminishes whereby they become stainable and countable. This process in
      hastened by potassium bichromate treatment.

PMID- 392453
TI  - A safe and efficient cast dowel and core procedure.

PMID- 392454
TI  - [The limitations of psychiatry].

PMID- 392455
TI  - [The surgical treatment of large incisional hernias by lacing of autogenous full
      thickness skin. 36 cases (author's transl)].
AB  - Strips of skin taken from the excess skin adjoining the scar, prepared carefully
      and used as a loose continuous suture, represent an elastic material which is
      easy to use and of great strength. Results studied in a group of 36 patients with
      a follow-up varying from 12 month to 16 years were excellent in 70% of cases and
      moderate in 25%. The quality of the results obtained, from both a mechanical
      standpoint as well as in terms of tolerance, together with the simplicity of the
      technique, have led us to consider it as a method of choice in the repair of
      large incisional hernias, in particular recurrent.

PMID- 392456
TI  - [Listeriosis in the kidney transplant recipients. Ten cases (author's transl)].
AB  - Three clinical pictures were found in ten cases of listeriosis after renal
      transplantation: septicemia (six cases), meningo-encephalitis (three cases) and
      asymtomatic but recurrent bacteriuria (one case). Several features demonstrate
      profound immunologic disturbances in the recipient: close relationship in 9 cases
      out of 10 between infection and high doses of immunosuppressive drugs,
      unfavorable outcome of graft (accelerated rejection in 4 cases out of 10) and
      association in one case with lethal pulmonary infection due to opportunistic
      agents (cytomegalovirus and Pneumocystis carinii).

PMID- 392458
TI  - [Computer assisted education. Application to electrocardiography].

PMID- 392457
TI  - [Initiation in vivo of blood coagulation. The role of white blood cells and
      tissue factor (author's transl)].
AB  - Tissue factor is an ubiquitous phospholipid-protein complex, which triggers blood
      coagulation through the so-called extrinsic pathway. Reactions initiated by
      tissue factor bypass many of the early stages of coagulation (contact phase) and
      involve factors VII, X, V, II and fibrinogen but also factor IX (and VIII) as it
      was recently demonstrated. So, it appears that tissue factor has a key-role in
      the haemostasic process as it has been suggested by the mildness or the absence
      of haemorrhagic syndrome in contact factors deficiencies. Tissue factor activity
      has been found in many types of cells, especially in white bloods cells.
      Experimental studies have demonstrated the presence of tissue factor activity in
      polymorphonuclears, lymphocytes, monocytes (or macrophages). This activity is
      enhanced by gram-negative endotoxin stimulation, inflammation, cell mediated
      immunologic phenomena or malignancy. These data are in good agreement with a wild
      range of features observed in human pathology: fibrin deposits in inflammatory
      lesions, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) during the course of gram
      negative septicemias or acute promyelocytic leukemias, local thrombi at the early
      phase of graft rejection. The protective effect of a phospholipase C against DIC
      induced in rats by tissue factor infusion suggests in the future, a specific
      therapy would be possible in man that, in the frequent clinical conditions
      involving clotting activation through tissue factor pathway.

PMID- 392459
TI  - [Ligation of the hypogastric arteries for hemostasis during cesarean section. 1
      case].

PMID- 392460
TI  - [Artificial ventilation to separate lungs].

PMID- 392461
TI  - [Prolonged pulmonary ventilation to separate lungs].

PMID- 392462
TI  - [Cortico-resistant bullous pemphigoid. Favorable results with plasmapheresis].

PMID- 392463
TI  - [Transanal excision of villous tumours. Value of the GIA automatic suture clamp
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The GIA (gastro-intestinal anastomosis) suture clamp facilitates hemostasis
      during transanal excision of villous tumours, notably when they are situated 8 to
      10 cm from the anal opening.

PMID- 392464
TI  - [Toward a new generation of hemostatic methods].

PMID- 392465
TI  - [Genetics and pharmacology].

PMID- 392466
TI  - [Rotation flaps of the leg in osteitis (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors describe a technique of rotation of a leg flap which is divided into
      several phases : the flap is prepared and left in place, then two or three weeks
      later is applied to the area of loss of substance. Finally, the donor site is
      grafted. This unusual technique gives excellent results when used to cover loss
      of substance secondary to cutaneo-osseous sepsis of the leg. This was the case in
      5 of our patients treated in this way.

PMID- 392467
TI  - [Disseminated sclerosis: diagnostic value of neurophysiological investigations
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Demyelinisation lesions of disseminated sclerosis actually present within the
      white matter are much more numerous than clinical manifestations would suggest
      that the majority of these lesions are clinically latent. Ophtalmologists were
      the first to seek a functional deficit reflecting the demyelinisation which so
      often affects the optic pathways. In practice, the recording of evoked visual
      potentials has proved to be the most reliable method. The brain stem is another
      region where demyelinisation lesions are frequent and quite often latent.
      Electronystagmography offers a highly sensitive means for the investigation of
      internuclear connections, whilst other authors use evoked auditory potentials.
      Similarly, evoked somaesthesic potentials make it possible to reveal lesions of
      the lemniscal tract.

PMID- 392468
TI  - Structure of the promoter region for the rrnB gene in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of the promoter region for the rrnB gene of E. coli had
      been determined by the Maxam-Gilbert technique. The 700 bp long sequence had been
      compared with the published sequences of four other rRNA promoter regions. The
      rrnB sequence was found to be homologous with the rrnA promoter sequence till the
      370th base upstream from the coding region of mature 16S rRNA. The significance
      of this homology is discussed and a tentative model is proposed to account for
      the unusual properties of the rRNA promoters.

PMID- 392469
TI  - The nucleotide sequence preceding and including the beginning of the ilvE gene of
      the ilvGEDA operon of Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - The DNA sequence of the 570 base pairs that precedes and includes the beginning
      of the ilvE gene shows no evidence of a leader-attenuator region. Instead, the
      sequence shows that the ilvE gene is preceded by another structural gene,
      presumably the normally cryptic ilvG gene. In vitro transcription of the two
      plasmids (pLC26-3 and pRL5) containing the regulatory region of the ilvEDA operon
      results in the formation of two "leader" RNAs. These results are consistent with
      the suggestion that the ilvEDA operon is regulated by an attenuator mechanism and
      that the attenuator region lies before the ilvG gene.

PMID- 392470
TI  - The effects of mercury-substitution on the hybridisation characteristics of
      nucleic acids.
AB  - The effect of different levels of mercury substitution on the rate and extent of
      hybridisation of globin mRNA with a complementary DNA (cDNA) copy has been
      investigated. It was found that mercuration significantly reduces both the rate
      of hybridisation and the extent of the reaction, but that these effects are
      abolished when at least stoichiometric amounts of 2-mercaptoethanol are included
      in the hybridisation medium. As a preliminary to using this technique to isolate
      specific groups of sequences after long-term hybridisations, we have investigated
      both the rate of demercuration of RNA and its retention on thiol-sepharose
      columns after extended incubation under commonly employed hybridisation
      conditions at 43 degrees or 60 degrees. Retention was essentially quantitative
      even after incubation times of 300 hours at 43 degrees, but decreased
      significantly after 48 hours at 60 degrees. It is concluded that thiol-sepharose
      chromatography offers considerable advantages over hydroxyapatite chromatography
      for the recovery of hybridised sequences, particularly with regard to the lower
      levels of non-specific binding obtained and its ability to distinguish directly
      between DNA-DNA and DNA-Hg RNA hybrids.

PMID- 392471
TI  - The 3' terminus of 16S rRNA: secondary structure and interaction with ribosomal
      protein S1.
AB  - We report studies of the secondary structure and S1 ribosomal protein binding
      properties of the colicin fragment, containing 49 residues from the 3' terminus
      of E. coli 16S rRNA. Temperature jump relaxation kinetic measurements reveal two
      helices in the structure. One of these, melting at 81 degrees C in 5 mM Mg2+, is
      associated with the 9-base pair hairpin helix predicted by the nucleotide
      sequence. The other melting transition, at 21 degrees C in 5 mM Mg2+, is assigned
      to a 4-base pair helix which constrains the pyrimidine tract of the colicin
      fragment into a bulge loop. S1 protein forms a strong 1:1 complex with the
      colicin fragment, with an association constant of 5 x 10(6) M-1 in 5 mM Mg2+.
      More protein molecules are bound, but with weaker affinity, when the S1
      concentration is increased. S1 binding causes melting of the colicin fragment
      secondary structure, as inferred from the observed absorbance increase. The S1
      binding site on the colicin fragment has been localized in the region of the
      bulge loop, since the melting transition corresponding to the 4-base pair helix
      is lost in the complex. We discuss current models for the role of S1 protein in
      polypeptide chain initiation in light of these and previous results.

PMID- 392474
TI  - Age at marriage and fertility.

PMID- 392473
TI  - Changes in conditioned performance and general behavior produced by imipramine
      treatment in dogs.
AB  - Dogs with electrolytic damage of dorsomedial amygdala and lateral hypothalamus
      manifested the syndrome of depression. They were used as models for studying the
      effects of a tricyclic antidepressant. Imipramine treatment produced increase in
      general arousal, motility and reactivity as tested by various tests, changes in
      social behavior and only slight improvement of instrumental conditioned
      performance. In normal dogs the imipramine administration in most subjects
      resulted in either no effect or deterioration of various learned tasks. Strong
      individual differences in the reactivity to drug treatment were observed in both
      normal and lesioned (depressed) dogs.

PMID- 392472
TI  - An improved rapid enzymatic method of RNA sequencing using chemical modification.
AB  - A version of rapid gel sequencing procedure based on the analysis of partial
      endonuclease hydrolizates of chemically modified 5'-32P-labelled RNA is
      suggested. Complete and selective modification of cytidilic residues by a
      methoxyamine-bisulfite mixture leads to the unfolding of the RNA secondary
      structure and, due to this effect, to the generation of a more uniform set of
      fragments after partial RNAase hydrolysis. The position of cytidines in an RNA
      sequence can be determined by restricting the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds
      between the modified CMP residues and their 3'-neighbours with T2 and A RNAases.
      The method was verified with tRNATrp (yeast) and 5S RNA (rat liver and yeast).

PMID- 392475
TI  - Antifungal therapy, 1978.
AB  - The past 40 years have brought great advances in the knowledge of morphology,
      immunology and epidemiology of fungal infections in man. Each general advance in
      the science of medicine has had its counterpart in man's improved facility to
      deal with these infections therapeutically. Although satisfactory control of
      fungal infections of man is still lacking, productive paths of investigation seem
      to have been found and the continued application of rigorous discipline to
      research efforts should provide even more efficient treatment in the future.

PMID- 392476
TI  - Dermatophyte infections.
AB  - The newer antifungal agents, clotrimazole, miconazole and haloprogin are
      considered for their efficacy and acceptability, and are compared with other
      topical agents used for the treatment of dermatophyte infections of the skin.

PMID- 392477
TI  - Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis.
AB  - The pathogenesis of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is surveyed. Treatment
      comprises topical antifungal treatment which is insufficient, systemic antifungal
      treatment which is often followed by a rapid relapse, and specific immunotherapy
      with live tissue or transfer factor. Combination of systemic antifungal therapy
      and immunotherapy seems to be the most promising approach. However, no permanent
      cure has so far been achieved.

PMID- 392479
TI  - Aspergillus fumigatus and lung disease.
AB  - The range of clinical presentations of lung diseases associated with Aspergillus
      spp. is great. The conditions are very frequently misdiagnosed but errors should
      be avoided if the possibility of a fungal cause is considered and simple
      immunological tests undertaken. Often no more than skin-prick tests and serum
      precipitins need to be done. In many cases, fungus is not isolated from the
      sputum and negative results do not exclude the possibility of A. fumigatus as the
      causal agent. Treatment often results in marked clinical improvement and there is
      evidence that suppression of recurrent episodes of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
      prevents progressive lung damage.

PMID- 392481
TI  - The polyene macrolide antibiotics.
AB  - The mode of action of the polyene antibiotics is reviewed together with the
      effect of genetic and environmental factors on sensitive organisms. The future
      prospects of polyenes in the treatment of systemic mycoses are considered.

PMID- 392480
TI  - Evaluation of vaginal antifungal formulations in vivo.
AB  - Relatively simple and rapid procedures have been developed for evaluating the
      local efficacy of vaginal antifungal agents in vivo in a vaginal candidiasis
      model in ovariectomized rats. The results of this investigation indicate that the
      model and methods described are quite suitable for screening potential antifungal
      substances and for assessing the chemotherapeutic effectiveness of new antifungal
      agents and formulations before carrying out clinical studies.

PMID- 392478
TI  - Fungal endocarditis: patients at risk and their treatment.

PMID- 392482
TI  - The effect of flucytosine on the germination of Candida albicans.
AB  - The effect of flucytosine on the germination of 3 strains of Candida albicans in
      serum was tested. No inhibition of germination was observed and it was concluded
      that germination did not require the synthesis of DNA.

PMID- 392483
TI  - Problems in the laboratory assessment of antifungal activity.
AB  - The end points of tube dilution tests for minimal inhibitory concentrations of
      miconazole and flucytosine against Candida albicans were difficult to evaluate
      because partial inhibition was noted over a wide range of antifungal
      concentrations. This problem was not encountered with amphotericin B. Partial
      inhibition of Candida arose because of reductions in yeast growth rate and of
      cell yield. Different sizes of yeast inocula were differentially inhibited by the
      same concentration of antifungal agent. An in vitro apparatus was described in
      which miconazole formulated as commercial creams, pessaries and medicated tampons
      for intravaginal application could be assessed for its inhibitory action in
      vitro.

PMID- 392484
TI  - Modern aspects of testing azole antifungals.
AB  - Difficulties in the in vitro testing of azole antimycotics are described. The
      value of minimal inhibitory concentration results are discussed and contrasted to
      those obtained with polyene antimycotics.

PMID- 392485
TI  - Promotion of pseudomycelium formation of Candida albicans in culture: a
      morphological study of the effects of miconazole and ketoconazole.
AB  - The effects of miconazole and its new derivative ketoconazole on Candida albicans
      have been evaluated by light and electron microscopy. The growth characteristics
      and morphology of C. albicans in culture for various periods of time in a
      solution consisting of Eagle's minimum essential medium supplemented with amino
      acids and fetal calf serum are emphasized. This medium, normally used for
      culturing mammalian cells, promotes a rather fast growth of C. albicans and
      favours the development of pseudomycelium. The obvious interest in using such
      culture conditions for drug evaluation is the prevalence of pseudomycelium, which
      in vivo is the predominant pathological form of C. albicans. Suppression of
      pseudomycelium formation is found in the 10-9 to 10-7 M concentration range of
      the imidazoles. Growth retardation and the destruction of both yeast and
      pseudomycelial forms brought about by incubating the cells with 10-9 to 10-4 M of
      the drugs are reported. At low doses these changes include the alteration of cell
      division, an increase in cell volume and a progressive deterioration of
      subcellular organelles at the cell periphery. At higher doses the involvement of
      all other organelles is observed finally leading to complete cell necrosis.

PMID- 392487
TI  - Sensitivity of strains of Candida albicans to jaritin, haloprogin, clotrimazole
      and miconazole.
AB  - The antifungal activity of jaritin and haloprogin against Candida albicans is
      similar. In vitro they had less activity than clotrimazole and miconazole, but
      the activity was independent of inoculum size.

PMID- 392486
TI  - Sensitivity of Candida albicans from patients with chronic oral candidiasis.
AB  - Many patients with oral candidiasis respond very slowly or not at all to therapy
      with amphotericin. Strains of Candida albicans were collected from 17 patients
      clinically resistant and from 15 who responded to a normal course of amphotericin
      treatment. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) determined on diagnostic
      sensitivity test agar plates gave values of: amphotericin 0-5 mg/l; nystatin 50
      i.u./ml; chlorhexidine 12.5 mg/l. No clear MIC could be determined with plates
      containing miconazole. No difference was noted in MIC values between the 2 groups
      of patients. Tube-dilution tests in Sabouraud's broth gave MIC values of:
      amphotericin 0.25 mg/l; nystatin 12.5 i.u./ml; chlorhexidine 1.5 mg/l; miconazole
      8-32 mg/l; ketonazole 64 mg/l. Persistence of oral candidiasis is not an
      indication of infection with resistant organisms. Despite difficulties in in
      vitro sensitivity testing of miconazole a clinical trial of the drug for treating
      oral candidiasis is indicated.

PMID- 392488
TI  - Aetiological factors in infection following open retrograde intramedullary
      nailing of the femur.

PMID- 392489
TI  - Treatment and chemoprophylaxis of malaria.

PMID- 392491
TI  - Stonewall Jackson--the soldier eccentric.

PMID- 392490
TI  - 'Travellers' diarrhoea'.

PMID- 392492
TI  - [Effect of a single daily dose of atenolol (tenormin) on arterial hypertension].

PMID- 392493
TI  - [A new aminoglucoside in infections of the urogenital system. Clinical study of
      sisomicin sulfate].

PMID- 392494
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus and infection. Impairement of granulocyte function (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 392495
TI  - [Diagnostic errors due to unilateral psychiatric or unilateral somatic
      appreciation (author's transl)].

PMID- 392497
TI  - [Vitalii Romanovich Kliachko (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 392496
TI  - [Dermatoloical entomology. The practical-medical importance of mites and insects
      in Switzerland and surrounding regions. 3. Heteroptera/bugs].

PMID- 392500
TI  - Carcinoma of the uterine cervix and utilization of the Papanicolaou smear
      technique.

PMID- 392499
TI  - [Problems of tuberculosis control in the activities of the progressive medical
      community in prerevolutionary Russia].

PMID- 392498
TI  - [1st Soviet dispensaries for the control of tuberculosis in children (on the
      International Year of the Child)].

PMID- 392501
TI  - Daniel Hale Williams--pioneer surgeon and hospital administrator.

PMID- 392502
TI  - RNA ligase reaction products in plasmolyzed Escherichia coli cells infected by T4
      bacteriophage.
AB  - Searching for a physiological role of T4 RNA ligase [polyribonucleotide
      synthetase (ATP); poly(ribonucleotide):poly(ribonucleotide) ligase (AMP-forming),
      EC 6.5.1.3] activity, we developed an acellular system of plasmolyzed Escherichia
      coli cells infected by T4 bacteriophage. Upon incubation of this system with
      [gamma-32P]ATP, 32P was transferred into a large number of polyribonucleotides,
      mostly up to 300-400 residues long. The bulk of 32P in the product
      polyribonucleotides was found in 5'-terminal phosphate groups, suggesting that
      they originated by a phosphorylation reaction catalyzed by the endogenous
      polynucleotide kinase (EC 2.7.1.78). Indeed, these products were not seen in an
      acellular system from uninfected cells, and their amount and complexity increased
      with the progress of infection. Analysis of the 32P-labeled polyribonucleotide
      products by gel electrophoresis, either before or after digestion with alkaline
      phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1), revealed that a small fraction of the 32P resided in
      phosphodiester bonds of several tRNA-sized chains. This specific 32P transfer
      from [gamma-32P]ATP into phosphodiester bonds was apparently catalyzed by
      successive polynucleotide kinase and RNA ligase reactions. The possible
      relationship of the 32P transfer to RNA ligase was investigated next by using a
      system from cells infected with T4 am M69 (an amber mutant deficient in RNA
      ligase). Transfer of 32P from [gamma-32P]ATP into phosphodiester bonds was not
      detected in the am M69 system. However, addition of purified RNA ligase to the am
      M69 system restored the specific 32P transfer. A system from cells infected with
      T4 psu-b delta 33 (a deletion mutant lacking the entire tRNA region) sustained
      the specific 32P transfer into tRNA-sized products, indicating that they were not
      derived from transcripts of T4 tRNA genes. These data may reflect a role of RNA
      ligase in posttranscriptional conversion of presumably host polyribonucleotides
      into novel tRNA species during T4 infection.

PMID- 392503
TI  - Initiation of Escherichia coli ribosomal RNA synthesis in vivo.
AB  - The 5'-terminal sequences of Escherichia coli ribosomal RNA precursors (pre
      rRNAs) synthesized in vivo were characterized by RNA oligonucleotide sequence
      analysis. The 60- to 170-nucleotide-long 5'-end-specific fragments were produced
      by RNase III treatment of 30S and 18S pre-rRNAs. Comparison of the RNA
      oligonucleotides of these fragments with known DNA sequences of the promoter
      regions of several ribosomal RNA operons allows us to determine the start points
      of transcription of each operon. We conclude that transcription of most (and
      perhaps all) rRNA operons is initiated in vivo at two tandem promoters, called P1
      and P2, which have recently been identified by in vitro transcription studies of
      several groups. Depending on the transcription unit, the initiating nucleotide at
      P1 promoters is either ATP or GTP, whereas at P2 promoters it is either CTP or
      GTP.

PMID- 392504
TI  - Control of phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase-mediated sugar
      transport in Escherichia coli by energization of the cell membrane.
AB  - The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase-mediated sugar transport in
      Escherichia coli is inhibited by the energized of the membrane. This was shown in
      intact cells as well as in membrane vesicles. Relaxation of the proton gradient
      by uncouplers stimulated the uptake of sugars via the phosphotransferase system
      in aerobically cultured cells. No such effect was seen in anaerobic cells,
      apparently because the cell membrane of these cells is poorly energized.
      Energization by respiration of D-lactate or ascorbate inhibited the
      phosphotransferase uptake system in membrane vesicles. This inhibition was
      reversed by the addition of cyanide. Oxamate, a specific inhibitor of lactate
      dehydrogenase, prevented the inhibitory effect of D-lactate. Membrane vesicles
      prepared from a cytochrome-less mutant were not energized by D-lactate oxidation
      and the phosphotransferase uptake system was not inhibited.

PMID- 392505
TI  - Attractants and repellents control demethylation of methylated chemotaxis
      proteins in Escherichia coli.
AB  - A group of methylated proteins, the methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCP),
      has been shown to play a central role in bacterial chemotaxis. Both methylation
      and demethylation of MCP occur continuously in the absence of added stimuli;
      these two processes are in balance such that a basal level of methylation is
      maintained. Attractants cause the methylation level to increase to a new value,
      whereas repellents bring about a decrease in level. Therefore, attractants and
      repellents must somehow perturb the balance between methylation and demethylation
      of MCP. In this report the effect of attractants on demethylation of MCP was
      monitored in two ways: (i) by following the disappearance of [methyl-3H]MCP and
      (ii) by measuring formation of [3H]methanol, the product of MCP demethylation.
      Both methods showed that addition of attractants causes a transient inhibition of
      MCP demethylation. Repellent addition has previously been shown to stimulate MCP
      demethylation. It is therefore concluded that control of demethylation plays a
      crucial role in changing the level of methylation of MCP in response to
      attractants and repellents.

PMID- 392507
TI  - Biotinyl 5'-adenylate: corepressor role in the regulation of the biotin genes of
      Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A DNA filter-binding technique was used to study the interaction of the biotin
      repressor and operator site. From a biotin saturation curve, the concentration
      for half-maximal binding (K0.5) was calculated to be 1 microM. However, in a
      similar study with the in vitro coupled transcription-translation system in which
      biotin served as the corepressor, the K0.5 for repression was 7.1 nM. This marked
      difference of over 2 orders of magnitude was attributed to the activation of
      biotin by the partially purified repressor preparation in the in vitro system.
      The activated product formed from biotin, ATP, and repressor preparation was
      identified as biotinyl 5'-adenylate by paper chromatography and hydroxamic acid
      formation. Synthetic biotinyl 5'-adenylate was as effective as biotin in the in
      vitro system (K0.5, 10 nM) and much more effective than biotin in the DNA-binding
      assay (K0.5 1.1 nM versus 1 microM). These studies indicate that biotinyl 5'
      adenylate has a more direct role in the regulation of the biotin genes than does
      biotin per se.

PMID- 392506
TI  - Replication at restrictive temperatures in Escherichia coli containing a polCts
      mutation.
AB  - Escherichia coli cells with a polCts mutation contain a temperature-sensitive DNA
      polymerase II and fall to replicate DNA at the restrictive temperature (43
      degreees C). Mutants deficient in polymerizing activity of the other two
      recognized DNA polymerases in E. coli can replicate DNA. We have isolated
      temperature-resistant revertants from a strain containing polA-, polB-, and
      polCts mutations. These revertants grow at 43 degrees C, but analysis of
      partially purified DNA polymerase III from several such revertants shows a
      temperature-sensitive DNA polymerase III activity. Genetic analysis by P1
      transduction confirms that such revertants can contain a polCts mutation and also
      a polA- mutation. We find that such revertants behave phenotypically as PolI+
      cells (DNA polymerase I-containing), and extracts of such cells show a DNA
      polymerase I-like activity. Revertants of polA-, dnaAts and polA-, dnaBts strains
      do not show such a DNA polymerase activity.

PMID- 392508
TI  - Detection of proteins like human gamma and beta globins in Escherichia coli
      carrying recombinant DNA plasmids.
AB  - Escherichia coli strain chi 1776 carrying recombinant DNA plasmids containing
      cDNA copies of human beta or gamma globin mRNAs has been shown by
      radioimmunoassay to synthesize polypeptides antigenically related to the beta and
      gamma chains of human hemoglobin. The gamma and beta polypeptides have been
      enriched from lysates on immunoabsorbent columns containing hemoglobin antibodies
      and shown to specifically inhibit the antigen-antibody binding between 125I
      labeled hemoglobin and the homologous antibody but not other hemoglobin
      antihemoglobin reactions. Clone JW151, which is known to contain a complete copy
      of the coding portion of the gamma globin mRNA, has been shown to produce a
      protein that reacts specifically with antibody to the chain of fetal hemoglobin,
      hemoglobin Kenya, and hemoglobin Bart's.

PMID- 392509
TI  - Isolation and characterization of transducing phage coding for sigma subunit of
      Escherichia coli RNA polymerase.
AB  - A transducing phage has been isolated with codes for the sigma subunit of
      Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. Transducing phage were selected from E. coli
      shotgun collections of HindIII or Sac I fragments cloned into Charon 25, a new
      bacteriophage lambda vector that is capble of forming lyosogens at high
      temperature. Transduction of an E. coli strain carrying a temperature-sensitive
      mutation in the sigma gene was used for the selection. The positions of
      restriction sites for Sac I, HindIII, Xho I, Bgl II, and Kpn I in the cloned
      bacterial DNA segments were determined. Phage containing the HindIII fragment
      complement both primase (dnaG) and sigma (rpoD) whereas those containing the Sac
      I fragment complement only sigma. Results of analyses of the proteins made both
      in vivo after infection of UV-irradiated cells and in vitro in a coupled
      transcription/translation system suggest that a Sac I site separates the promoter
      for sigma from the sigma structural gene. The direction of transcription of sigma
      was determined to be clockwise with respect to the E. coli genetic map.

PMID- 392510
TI  - Distribution of active and inactive forms of endorphins in rat pituitary and
      brain.
AB  - The recent isolation and identification of alpha-N-acetyl forms of the C-Fragment
      of lipotropin (beta-endorphin, residues 61-91) and the C'-Fragment (residues 61
      87) [Smyth, D.G., Massey, D.E., Zakarian, S. & Finnie, M. (1979) Nature (London)
      279, 252-254] has led to a study of their distribution in the pituitary and brain
      of the rat. Regions were mapped by the method of immunofluorescent staining and
      the reactive peptides were determined by immunoassay after extraction, gel
      filtration, and ion exchange chromatography. The major immunoreactive peptides in
      both lobes of the pituitary were found to be C'-Fragment and N-acetyl C'
      Fragment, which are weakly active or inactive as opiates; the C-Fragment and its
      N-acetyl derivative represented minor components. This indicates that in the rat
      the circulating "endorphins" released from pituitary would have little
      morphinomimetic activity. The same four immunoreactive peptides were observed in
      rat brain. In the hippocampus the C'-Fragment was the principal component in the
      midbrain there was more C-Fragment but C'-Fragment predominated; in the
      hypothalamus the C-Fragment was the major peptide, almost to the exclusion of the
      other peptides. The results demonstrate that the processing of lipotropin is
      under differential control in anatomically distinct regions of the central
      nervous system. The processing of lipotropin in the hypothalamus is directed
      specifically to the production of lipotropin C-Fragment.

PMID- 392511
TI  - Widespread distribution of protein I in the central and peripheral nervous
      systems.
AB  - Protein I, a naturally occurring substrate for cyclic AMP-dependent and calcium
      dependent protein kinases, previously has been found only in mammalian brain,
      where it has been demonstrated to be located in neurons. Various tissues and
      organs outside the brain have now been examined for the possible occurrence of
      protein I, by using both an immunohistochemical approach and a chemical procedure
      involving radioimmunolabeling of polyacrylamide gels. Protein I has been found in
      the inner plexiform layer of the retina, in the posterior pituitary, and in the
      autonomic nervous system. In tissue composed predominantly of cells other than
      nerve cells, immunoreactivity was present only where innervation was present.
      Protein I appeared to be localized in some, but not all, nerve terminals and
      synapses.

PMID- 392512
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization, in synapses, of protein I, an endogenous
      substrate for protein kinases in mammalian brain.
AB  - Protein I is a principal endogenous substrate for cyclic AMP- and Ca2+-dependent
      protein kinases of mammalian brain. Antibodies raised against purified protein I
      have been used to localize this protein in the rat central nervous system. At the
      light microscope level, immunoreactivity was detected in punctate deposits in
      selected zones of synaptic termination. These deposits varied in density among
      brain regions. At the electron microscope level, immunoreactivity was observed at
      some but not all synaptic regions and was restricted to the perimeter of synaptic
      vesicles and to submembranous material in the postsynaptic neuron.

PMID- 392514
TI  - Alternative secondary structures of leader RNAs and the regulation of the trp,
      phe, his, thr, and leu operons.
AB  - The trp, phe, his, thr, and leu operons of enteric bacteria are regulated by a
      transcriptional attenuation mechanism. Under conditions of amino acid
      sufficiency, transcription terminates at an attenuator site after a leader of
      about 150 nucleotides has been synthesized. Under conditions of limitation of a
      controlling amino acid, transcription continues past the attenuator into adjacent
      structural genes. As demonstrated by others, each of the five leader RNAs
      contains two regions of potential secondary structure which are partially
      overlapping. One of these regions occurs at the 3' terminus of the leader and is
      named the "terminator." The other region, which potentially can preclude the
      formation of the terminator, is named the "preemptor." Conditions that allow the
      preemptor to form result in derepression. We report here that the five published
      leader RNA sequences contain an additional potential region of secondary
      structure, which we call the "protector." The protector partially overlaps the
      preemptor in such a way that pairing of the former precludes pairing of the
      latter. For derepression to occur, a ribosome that is translating the leader must
      block the protector without blocking the preemptor, a condition that is met when
      the ribosome is arrested at the 3' end of a set of control codons. Including the
      protector in the model for attenuation explains why derepression of the operon
      does not result from the arrest of a ribosome at a codon preceding the control
      set. It also explains why termination is the outcome when transcription occurs in
      the absence of ribosomes. Finally, termination is the predicted outcome when
      unfettered translation of the leader RNA occurs, resulting in release of the
      ribosome at the translational stop signal.

PMID- 392513
TI  - Localization of neurophysin within organelles associated with protein synthesis
      and packaging in the hypothalamoneurohypophysial system: an immunocytochemical
      study.
AB  - Electron microscopic immunocytochemical localization of neurophysin in the
      hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of mice has been studied by using the pre
      embedding staining approach to the unlabeled antibody-enzyme technique of
      Sternberger. In supraoptic cell bodies, peroxidase-antiperoxidase reaction
      product was localized within cisternae of the nuclear envelope, rough endoplasmic
      reticulum, and Golgi saccules but not in GERL (Golgi-associated smooth
      endoplasmic reticulum from which lysosomes arise). Reaction product was also
      present in secondary lysosomes. Secretory granules in supraoptic perikarya and
      posterior pituitary Herring bodies were likewise immunoreactive. These findings
      with the unlabeled antibody-enzyme technique provide conclusive evidence for the
      localization of an antigen within cellular organelles associated with protein
      synthesis and packaging.

PMID- 392515
TI  - Effect of diethylpyrocarbonate on lactose/proton symport in Escherichia coli
      membrane vesicles.
AB  - Exposure of Escherichia coli ML 308-225 membrane vesicles to the histidine
      specific reagent diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) led to concentration- and time
      dependent inactivation of active lactose transport, and the sensitivity of the
      system to inactivation was enhanced when an electrochemical proton gradient
      (delta- muH+, interior negative and alkaline) was generated across the vesicle
      membrane. Although beta-D-galactopyranosyl 1-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside
      blocked DEPC inactivation, binding of p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-galactopyranoside was
      not significantly altered, indicating that DEPC does not react at the binding
      sites of the lac carrier protein. Strikingly, vesicles treated with DEPC
      exhibited an increased apparent Km for delta- muH+-driven lactose transport and
      counterflow but no change in the Vmax of these reactions and no change in the
      apparent Km or Vmax of facilitated diffusion. Moreover, DEPC treatment increased
      the apparent Km observed for delta- muH+-driven proline and D-lactate transport
      with no change in Vmax. Finally, the lactose counterflow activity of DEPC-treated
      vesicles was regenerated by subsequent exposure to hydroxylamine. It is suggested
      that a histidyl residue(s) in the lac carrier or another protein in the
      translocation complex is involved either in the binding and translocation of
      protons or in a conformational change that may occur upon protonation of the lac
      carrier protein.

PMID- 392516
TI  - Cloning and expression of the Escherichia coli replication origin in a single
      stranded DNA phage.
AB  - The Escherichia coli DNA replication origin (oriC) and the adjacent asparagine
      synthetase gene (asnA) have been inserted into the duplex replicative form DNA of
      the single-stranded phage vector M13Goril. By in vitro recombination, the entire
      oriC asnA-containing plasmid pJS5 was inserted into M13Gori1 in both possible
      orientations. Both phage types transduce the asnA gene and confer upon the M13
      vector the ability to replicate as a plasmid in the E. coli mutant rep3. In rep+
      hosts, these phages undergo single-stranded DNA synthesis and viral
      morphogenesis.

PMID- 392517
TI  - Attractants and repellents influence methylation and demethylation of methyl
      accepting chemotaxis proteins in an extract of Escherichia coli.
AB  - During bacterial chemotaxis, attractants and repellents alter the methylation
      levels of the methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs). These methylation
      levels represent a balance between two enzymatic processes: methylation and
      demethylation. In vivo experiments previously have shown that chemoeffectors
      influence the demethylation process; effects on the methylation system have not
      been reported. Here we show that in a cell-free extract of Escherichia coli both
      methylation and demethylation of the MCPs are affected by attractants and
      repellents. Attractants enhance methylation and inhibit demethylation. Repellents
      inhibit methylation and stimulate demethylation. The cell-free system provides an
      opportunity for further study of the mechanisms by which attractants and
      repellents influence the levels of methylation of the MCPs.

PMID- 392518
TI  - Molecular cloning of Moloney murine sarcoma virus: arrangement of virus-related
      sequences within the normal mouse genome.
AB  - The unintegrated circular DNA form of Moloney murine sarcoma virus (MSV) has been
      cloned in bacteriophage lambda. Discrete deletions in the viral genome were shown
      to occur during propagation of recombinant phage in Escherichia coli.
      Heteroduplex and restriction enzyme analyses indicated the deletion of tandemly
      repeated sequences within certain of the cloned MSV DNA inserts. Cloned MSV DNA
      was used to prepare a probe composed of its acquired cellular (src) sequences,
      shown previously to be necessary for MSV transformation. Analysis of EcoRI
      digests of normal mouse cellular DNA revealed the presence of a single 14
      kilobase-pair fragment containing these sequences which lacked contiguity with
      endogenous type C helper viral information of the same cells. Thus, the sarcoma
      virus-specific sequences of MSV are represented within the normal mouse genome in
      a manner analogous to that of a cellular gene.

PMID- 392519
TI  - Organization of spacer DNA in chromatin.
AB  - Detailed analysis of the DNA fragment patterns produced by DNase I digestion of
      yeast, HeLa, and chicken erythrocyte nuclei reveals surprising features of
      nucleosome phasing. First, the spacer regions in phased yeast chromatin must be
      of lengths (10m + 5) base pairs, where m = 0, 1, 2,.... This feature is not seen
      in parallel studies of chicken erythrocyte chromatin. The 5-base pair increment
      in the yeast spacer imposes interesting restraints on the higher order structure
      of yeast chromatin. Second, we have been able to simulate the DNase I cutting
      patterns and get good agreement with the observed yeast patterns. Third, three
      different chromatins show a long range periodicity in the DNase I digest pattern,
      with a period half that of the staphylococcal nuclease repeat. These results
      suggest that the amount of chromatin observed in discrete extended-ladder bands
      is a minimum estimate of phasing and in fact phasing may be a more general
      feature.

PMID- 392520
TI  - Nucleosome organization of the yeast 2-micrometer DNA plasmid: a eukaryotic
      minichromosome.
AB  - The eukaryotic microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains 50-100 copies per
      cell of a circular plasmid called 2-micrometer DNA. The intracellular structure
      of these molecules, which represent about 4% of the total DNA, was examined by
      digestion of total cellular chromatin with micrococcal nuclease (nucleate 3'
      oligonucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.31.1). Nuclease-resistant DNA fragments were
      fractionated by gel electrophoresis and 2-micrometer DNA sequences were detected
      by hybridization. The 2-micrometer and chromosomal DNA digestion patterns were
      very similar indicating that both types of DNA are condensed into nucleosomes. An
      analysis of these digestion patterns showed that the kinetics of digestion of 2
      micrometer chromatin and total chromatin are similar and that both have the same
      nucleosome repeat length of about 165 base pairs. Native 2-micrometer plasmids
      were examined by zone sedimentation in sucrose gradients containing 0.15 M NaCl
      and were found to have a sedimentation constant of 75 S, about 3 times the
      sedimentation constant of protein-free 2-micrometer DNA. This sedimentation
      property is what would be expected for a 2-micrometer DNA minichromosome. We
      conclude that within the cell 2-micrometer DNA molecules are organized in a
      chromatin structure very similar to that of the yeast chromosomes.

PMID- 392521
TI  - Genetic control of enhanced mutability of mitochondrial DNA and gamma-ray
      sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Five nuclear mutants enhancing the spontaneous mutation rate of mtDNA have been
      isolated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These mutators fall into five
      complementation groups and are located at five genetic loci different from rad50
      to rad57 loci. Three mutants (gam1, gam2, and gam4), insensitive or weakly
      sensitive to gamma-rays, exhibit increased frequency of spontaneous production of
      mutants with large deletions of the mtDNA (p-) and of all tested mitochondrial
      drug-resistant mutants. Two other mutants (gam3 and gam5), highly sensitive to
      gamma-rays, increase only the mutation rate of particular alleles of the mtDNA.
      The mutant gam5 enhances only the production of p- and erythromycin-resistant
      clones. The mutant gam3 exhibits an enhanced rate of oligomycin-resistant clones
      as well as a collateral increase of nuclear mutability. The existence of gam3 and
      gam5 mutants indicates that at least two common steps control both nuclear DNA
      repair and the mutability of particular alleles of the mtDNA. However, the
      general spontaneous mutability of the mtDNA includes at least three steps not
      involved in the repair of nuclear DNA, as revealed by the gam1, gam2, and gam4
      mutations.

PMID- 392522
TI  - Analysis of HLA-D region-associated molecules with monoclonal antibody.
AB  - A group of monoclonal antibodies directed against nonpolymorphic HLA-D antigens
      (human Ia antigens) was produced by somatic cell hybridization. One of these
      antibodies was used to analyze the two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoretic pattern of the HLA-D alloantigens from different HLA-D homozygous
      B-cell lines. Two-dimensional gels of [35S]methionine-labeled cell extracts
      immunoprecipitated by a monoclonal antibody directed against HLA-D antigens
      showed a complex set of spots whose electrophoretic pattern varied according to
      the HLA-D type. The major HLA-D-related electrophoretic polymorphism was found in
      the basic and smaller (26,000-28,000 daltons) HLA-D polypeptides. These patterns
      represent allele-specific "fingerprints" of different HLA-D genotypes. There are
      striking similarities with respect to number, size, and charge spectrum among HLA
      D polypeptides and the murine I-A and I-E subregion polypeptides, suggesting a
      similar genetic organization and molecular complexity in both species.

PMID- 392524
TI  - Current concepts of diabetic complications with emphasis on hereditary factors: a
      brief review.

PMID- 392523
TI  - Rich ependymal investment of luliberin (LHRH) fibers revealed
      immunocytochemically in an image like that from Golgi stain.
AB  - Immunospecific staining in 100-micron-thick Vibratome section by the unlabeled
      antibody method resembles Golgi staining and reveals an abundance of luliberin-
      (luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, LHRH) positive cells and fibers in close
      contact with the surface of the third ventricle. The polarity of LHRH cells can
      be seen and processes can be traced for several millimeters. In the medial
      preoptic and suprachiasmatic areas bipolar LHRH neurons send short stout
      processes to the ventricular surface and long processes toward the organum
      vasculosum laminae terminalis. These cells resemble the receptor cells contacting
      the cerebrospinal fluid that have been described by Vigh and Vigh-Teichmann
      [Vigh, B. & Vigh-Teichmann, I. (1973) Int. Rev. Cytol. 35, 189-251]. In the
      septal region some bipolar neurons send both of their processes towards the
      ventricular surface. LHRH neurons in the nucleus of the anterior commissure and
      the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis project over the anterior commissure to
      form a dense plexus of fibers in the subfornical organ. The proximity of LHRH
      perikarya and fibers to the ventricular surface supports the hypothesis [Knigge,
      K.M., Joseph, S.A., Scott, D.E. & Jacobs, J.J. (1971) in The Neuroendocrinology
      of Human Reproduction, eds. Mack, H.C. & Sherman, A.J., (Thomas, Springfield,
      IL), pp. 6-22.] that the cerebrospinal fluid functions in neuroendocrine control
      mechanisms.

PMID- 392525
TI  - Genetic heterogeneity within diabetes mellitus: a review.

PMID- 392526
TI  - Hypertension, a biomedical genetic approach.

PMID- 392527
TI  - Salt, hypertension, and genetic-environmental interactions.
AB  - Observations relating to hypertension in humans and rat experiments have been
      reviewed from several viewpoints including clinical medicine, pathophysiology,
      epidemiology, and genetics. It seems likely that much of essential hypertension
      results from excessive salt intake by individuals with an inherited inability to
      excrete sodium efficiently which is compensated by blood pressure elevation. A
      few major genes are likely responsible for a few basic mechanisms involving renal
      membranes and hormones controlling sodium transport. Excess hypertension in
      blacks, diabetics, the elderly, and oral contraceptive users can be explained by
      this theory. If hypertension and other genetically predisposed CHD risk factors
      are to be fully understood, future studies are needed with detailed data on both
      genetic and environmental factors, and analytic tools that allow an adequate
      examination of their interactions.

PMID- 392528
TI  - Sampling strategies for the analysis of quantitative traits.

PMID- 392529
TI  - Fixed cluster designs in human genetic studies: interpretations and usefulness.

PMID- 392530
TI  - Comments on statistical methodology in medical genetics.

PMID- 392531
TI  - HLA markers and disease.

PMID- 392532
TI  - The progressive movement and its impact on pharmacy.

PMID- 392533
TI  - An easily constructed durable chronic intracerebral cannula system.
AB  - A simple, inexpensive, and rugged intracerebral cannula system is described and
      construction details are provided for both guide and injection cannula
      assemblies. The guide cannula assembly is easily and quickly molded from dental
      acrylic cement and has a protective acrylic collar surrounding the end of the
      actual guide cannula. This system is believed to offer some advantage over
      current methodologies in terms of expense, durability and ease of construction
      and is well suited to use in rodents.

PMID- 392534
TI  - Toxicology: has a new era dawned?

PMID- 392535
TI  - Functional components of surface membranes: potential targets for pharmacological
      manipulation.
AB  - This short survey of three major developments in membrane studies should serve to
      convince pharmacologists that biochemical approaches to the study of cell
      membranes have finally borne fruit. A reasonable model of cell membrane
      architecture is now in hand, and it should be possible to use these findings to
      design and interpret new pharmacological approaches to the manipulation of cells
      via their surface membranes.

PMID- 392536
TI  - Gap junction dynamics and intercellular communication.

PMID- 392538
TI  - Morphometric analysis of the assessment of the response of the liver to drugs.

PMID- 392537
TI  - Accumulation of acetylcholine receptors and acetylcholinesterase at newly formed
      nerve-muscle synapses.
AB  - Nerve-muscle synapses form and the postsynaptic membrane begins to differentiate
      rapidly in vitro. New clusters of AChRs have been located at transmitting
      synapses within 3 hours after a competent neurite contacted a receptive myotube.
      Receptors within new subneural clusters are not identical with receptors at adult
      end-plates: they are metabolized rapidly and their mean channel open time is
      prolonged. In this sense synapse formation must be considered a drawn out affair.
      AChE also accumulates at synapses soon after functional contacts are established.
      The cleft enzyme is apparently regulated differently than receptors in the
      postsynaptic membrane. Muscle activity is necessary for the early accumulation of
      AChE, but not for the clustering of receptors. Further studies in vitro should be
      useful for analysis of the role of muscle activity, of the local neural influence
      on the postsynaptic membrane, and of the mechanism of the muscle response.

PMID- 392539
TI  - Age-related changes in drug disposition.

PMID- 392541
TI  - Levels of organization of the DNA in eucaryotic chromosomes.

PMID- 392540
TI  - Toxicological implications of drug metabolism.

PMID- 392542
TI  - Interaction of steroid hormones with the nucleus.

PMID- 392543
TI  - DNA fragmentation and DNA repair of mammalian cells as an indicator for the
      complex interactions between carcinogens and modulating factors.

PMID- 392544
TI  - In vitro and in vivo analysis of sister chromatid exchange.

PMID- 392545
TI  - Application of microbial and mammalian cells to the assessment of mutagenicity.

PMID- 392546
TI  - Protection from mutagenic effects of antischistosomal and other drugs.

PMID- 392547
TI  - Drug-induced lysosomal lipidosis: biochemical interpretations.

PMID- 392548
TI  - Application of basic concepts to research in toxicology.

PMID- 392549
TI  - Hepatic clearance measurements and pharmacokinetics.
AB  - This review emphasizes the need for well-defined models for hepatic
      pharmacokinetics and discusses the interpretation of hepatic clearance
      measurements. Such recent approaches are subjected to theoretical and
      experimental comparisons. The pharmacokinetic consequences, including a
      classification of drugs according to hepatic clearance, are outlined.

PMID- 392550
TI  - Antiviral iodinated pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides: 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine; 5
      iodo-2'-deoxycytidine; 5-iodo-5'-amino-2',5'-dideoxyuridine.

PMID- 392551
TI  - Diagnosis of viral disease and the advent of antiviral drugs.

PMID- 392552
TI  - Combination chemotherapy of acute leukemia and lymphoma.

PMID- 392554
TI  - Mechanisms of cross-species activity of mammalian interferons.

PMID- 392553
TI  - Classes of hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase inducers.

PMID- 392555
TI  - Methods of study of airway smooth muscle and its physiology.

PMID- 392556
TI  - Surface pharmacology: drug binding equilibria and ion transport in membrane
      structures.

PMID- 392557
TI  - Inhibitors of the adenine nucleotide translocase.

PMID- 392558
TI  - Inhibitors of mitochondrial enzymes.

PMID- 392559
TI  - Mammalian cell studies with diamide.

PMID- 392560
TI  - A review of hypoxic cell radiosensitization in experimental tumors.

PMID- 392561
TI  - Effects of trypanocides on the fine structure of target organisms.

PMID- 392562
TI  - Isolation and comparison of endoplasmic reticulum membranes and their mixed
      function oxidase activities from mammalian extrahepatic tissues.

PMID- 392563
TI  - The role of cell kinetics in the chemotherapy of hyperproliferative skin
      diseases.

PMID- 392564
TI  - Interactions between oral contraceptives and other drugs.

PMID- 392565
TI  - Inhibitors of mitochondrial phosphate transport.

PMID- 392566
TI  - Growing up in the American Physiological Society.

PMID- 392567
TI  - A.C. Ivy -- reminiscences.

PMID- 392568
TI  - Genichi Kato, 1890-1979.

PMID- 392569
TI  - PHYSEU: a computerized instructional and self-evaluation program for learning
      medical physiology.

PMID- 392570
TI  - Response of the collecting duct to the demands of homeostasis.

PMID- 392571
TI  - Blood-gas equilibration of CO2 in pulmonary gas exchange of mammals and birds.

PMID- 392572
TI  - Respiration and control of breathing in birds.

PMID- 392573
TI  - The organisation of chartered physiotherapists in private practice.

PMID- 392574
TI  - Update on non hospital-acquired pneumonias.

PMID- 392575
TI  - Genital herpes simplex virus infections.
AB  - In recent years, a great increase in interest in genital herpes has been
      stimulated partly by the rising prevalence of this disease and partly by
      observations suggesting that genital herpes is a cause of cervical cancer. The
      clinical pictures produced by genital herpes simplex virus infections are similar
      in men and women. In contrast to recurrent attacks, initial episodes of infection
      are generally more extensive, last longer, and are more often associated with
      regional lymphadenopathy and systemic symptoms. Genital herpes in pregnancy may
      pose a serious threat to the newborn infant. Although the data suggesting genital
      herpes simplex virus infection is a cause of cervical cancer are quite extensive,
      the evidence is largely circumstantial. In spite of these more serious aspects of
      genital herpes simplex virus infection, episodes of genital herpes are almost
      always self-limited and benign. Frequent recurrences pose the major therapeutic
      and management problem. At present, there is no satisfactory treatment for
      recurrent genital herpes simplex virus in fection. Many of the suggested
      therapies, although some sound very promising, are potentially dangerous and
      should be used only under carefully controlled conditions.

PMID- 392576
TI  - Recognition and treatment of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

PMID- 392577
TI  - Nephrotic syndrome.
AB  - The nephrotic syndrome appears to be an expression of a number of complex disease
      processes. The supportive, as well as the definitive, management of the nephrotic
      syndrome patient requires considerable knowledge of disease pathophysiology,
      drugs, and drug interactions. Therapy of any degree cannot be undertaken lightly
      for fear of further compromising the nephrotic syndrome patient.

PMID- 392578
TI  - A primer of conjunctivitis.

PMID- 392579
TI  - Stinging insect allergy.
AB  - One to two million Americans have a history of systemic allergic reactions to
      stinging insects and must live with the knowledge that future stings could be
      catastrophic. Recent advances have been made in diagnosis and treatment of this
      problem. Pure venoms have been recognized to be superior to the whole body
      extract as diagnostic and treatment antigens. Use of pure venoms for
      immunotherapy gives far better protection than whole body extract for the
      allergic patient and represents a major advance in the field of allergy. The
      imported fire ant is very different from the other common stinging insects in its
      venom components, the type of local reactions caused by its sting, and the fact
      that whole body extract from this insect seems to be as good an antigen for
      diagnosis and treatment as pure venom. Although important discoveries about
      insect allergy have been made recently, some very important questions are yet to
      be answered. Among these are: (1) Can suppliers of venom provide us with enough
      venom to treat all patients with insect allergy? (2) How long should
      immunotherapy be continued? and (3) Would treatment with specific antigens from
      venom be superior to using whole venom? We all await the answer to these and
      other questions with hopeful anticipation.

PMID- 392580
TI  - Evaluation of anemia.

PMID- 392581
TI  - Sleep apnea.

PMID- 392583
TI  - Benjamin Rush and his friends on human nature.
AB  - The 18th century writers explored the nature of man and decided mankind was
      divided into six subdivisions. Studying man from a naturalistic viewpoint raised
      doubts about God's primary role, a questioning totally unacceptable to Benjamin
      Rush. Rush considered all of mankind as originating from God's original pair, but
      bearing a deficiency and vulnerability from their original sin. He viewed man as
      a physiologist, as a materialist, and as a monist. Modifying the Scottish
      philosophers extensive faculty psychology, he accepted nine mental faculties and
      of these considered the moral sense essential. Rush and his friend, Thomas
      Jefferson, shared this belief which enabled them to be more optimistic than their
      friend John Adams who thought man to be driven by a need for distinction and
      thereby requiring control from a strong central government.

PMID- 392584
TI  - [Joachim Arndt on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 392582
TI  - Social forces, ideology, and the domain of mental health services.
AB  - Public attitudes toward the mentally ill affect practices relating to treatment
      of mentally impaired persons. This has been true historically. The human rights
      movement and the community mental health movement have had a major impact on the
      care and treatment practices of the twentieth century. In the United States these
      movements have influenced Federal policy, which in turn has provided resources
      and a redirection that heralded a major expansion of public mental health
      services.

PMID- 392585
TI  - [A histological method for quantitative evaluationof the extentof radiationdamage
      of a tumour (author's transl)].

PMID- 392586
TI  - Naturally occurring tumors of the Syrian hamster.

PMID- 392587
TI  - Chemical carcinogenesis in Syrian hamsters: a review (through 1976).

PMID- 392588
TI  - Tumor-associated viruses of the Syrian hamster: relation to neoplasia.

PMID- 392589
TI  - Radiation carcinogenesis in the Syrian hamster.

PMID- 392590
TI  - Factor VIII physiology and pathology in man.

PMID- 392591
TI  - Cell-cell interaction in erythropoiesis.

PMID- 392592
TI  - Serum ferritin and isoferritins in clinical medicine.

PMID- 392593
TI  - Advances in the use of iron-chelating agents for the treatment of iron overload.

PMID- 392594
TI  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase: biochemical properties, cellular
      distribution, and hematologic significance.

PMID- 392595
TI  - The role of eosinophils in inflammatory reactions.

PMID- 392596
TI  - Chromosome-banding techniques and their implication in hematology.

PMID- 392597
TI  - Genetic forms of hypogonadism in the male.

PMID- 392598
TI  - Approaches to human linkage.

PMID- 392599
TI  - The role of twin studies in human quantitative genetics.

PMID- 392600
TI  - The -C-C-A end of tRNA and its role in protein biosynthesis.

PMID- 392601
TI  - DNA glycosylases, endonucleases for apurinic/apyrimidinic sites, and base
      excision-repair.

PMID- 392602
TI  - The mechanism of action of antitumor platinum compounds.

PMID- 392603
TI  - [Prosthetic therapy trials by means of interosseous implants of Linkow and
      Juillet].

PMID- 392604
TI  - [Some discussable solutions for prosthetic classes in a teaching scheme].

PMID- 392605
TI  - [Acoustic signs in temporomandibular joints in the light of personal clinical
      observations].

PMID- 392606
TI  - [Mouth microbiology in patients with denture stomatitis].

PMID- 392607
TI  - [Reference points in the oral cavity for tooth setting in a complete upper
      denture].

PMID- 392608
TI  - [Airtight retention of a denture in the edentulous mouth].

PMID- 392609
TI  - Relation between the occurrence of Candida albicans and usage of the fixed
      prostheses regarding prosthetic stomatopathy.

PMID- 392610
TI  - [Modern view on etiology and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection with
      regard to their place in dentistry].

PMID- 392611
TI  - [Dental prosthesis made and repaired by patients].

PMID- 392612
TI  - [Evaluation of health and preliminary preparation of patients for prosthetic
      therapy in integrated therapy. I].

PMID- 392613
TI  - [Dental prosthesis adaptation: psychoneurological aspects].

PMID- 392614
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the application of adhesive preparations for improvement
      of complete denture retention].

PMID- 392615
TI  - [Composite materials and their use in dental therapy].

PMID- 392617
TI  - [Evaluation of prosthetic therapy conducted within the limits of integrated
      therapy. II].

PMID- 392616
TI  - [A personal method of early prosthetic management after partial maxillectomy
      (preliminary report)].

PMID- 392618
TI  - [Some aspects of therapy methods for the edentulous mouth as well as personal
      suggestions].

PMID- 392619
TI  - [Dimensional changes occurring during impression taking with silicones].

PMID- 392620
TI  - Prospective study of different methods and routes of administration of
      prostaglandin E2 to improve the unripe cervix.
AB  - Methods of vaginal and extra-amniotic prostaglandin administration to achieve
      ripening of the cervix as a preliminary to induction of labour are described.
      Three groups of twenty patients with unfavourable induction features were
      studied, each receiving prostaglandin E2 the evening prior to planned induction.
      One group received PGE2 500 micrograms suspended in a viscous medium extra
      amniotically. One group received PGE2 3 mg suspended in a viscous medium into the
      vaginal vault. A third group received a 3 mg PGE2 vaginal pessary to the
      posterior fornix. Improvement in cervical status at time of induction occurred in
      all groups but no single group had a significant advantage when regarding mean
      improvement, the induction-delivery interval or the number of patients in whom
      labour began before formal induction. However, with regard to relative cost, ease
      of preparation and storage, as well as patient and medical staff convenience,
      Prostaglandin E2 in pessary form is a superior form of administration.

PMID- 392621
TI  - Effect of ibuprofen on menstrual blood prostaglandin levels in dysmenorrheic
      women.
AB  - In a randomized crossover study 15 dysmenorrheic women were treated during two
      consecutive menstrual period, once with the potent prostaglandin-synthesis
      inhibitor: ibuprofen and once with an identical looking placebo. Each patient was
      medicated for 12 hours during the first day of her menstrual flow and was
      subsequently fitted with a cervical cup for the collection of menstrual blood
      during three hours. In these samples the concentrations of prostaglandin (PG)F
      and PGE were measured by radioimmunoassay. The patients receiving placebo had
      high PGF levels 135 +/- 27 ng/ml (Mean +/- S.E.) which were significnatly reduced
      by Ibuprofen to 24 +/- 5 ng/ml (P less than 0.001). The PGE concentrations
      decreased from 5 +/- 1 ng/ml to 2 +/- 1 ng/ml (P less than 0.05). Ibuprofen also
      reduced the menstrual pain significantly (P less than 0.001). These results
      substantiate the earlier conclusion that a causal relationship exists between
      effective treatment with PG-synthesis inhibitors and decrease in menstrual blood
      PG levels, intrauterine pressure and dysmenorrheic pain.

PMID- 392622
TI  - The effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on third stage labor.
AB  - The effects of intramyometrially injected PGF2 alpha intravenous Ergometrin and
      no treatment were compared during 3rd stage labor in 140 patients. In comparison
      with Ergometrin or no treatment, PGF2 alpha significantly reduced the duration of
      3rd stage labor, blood loss, incidence of subinvolution and subfebrility.

PMID- 392623
TI  - Controlled trial of induction of labor by vaginal suppositories containing
      prostaglandin E2.
AB  - A group of 84 women at 39-43 weeks of pregnancy were randomly allocated to a
      blind trial of induction of labor with vaginal suppositories containing inert
      material or either 0.2 mg or 0.4 mg of prostaglandin E2. The suppositories were
      self-administered every two hours during waking hours on two successive days
      until labor started or 15 had been used. Side-effects were absent. Labor was
      established within 48 hr of insertion of the first suppository in 9.3% of control
      patients, 65.4% of those treated with 0.2 mg PGE2 and 85.7% of those treated with
      0.4 mg PGE2. The mean Apgar scores in the three groups were the same. The mean
      total dose of PGE2 were 2.0 mg (0.2 mg group) and 2.3 mg (0.4 mg group). It is
      concluded that vaginal PGE2 is an effective and acceptable method of inducing
      labor at term.

PMID- 392624
TI  - The central nervous effect of prostaglandins I2, E2 and F2 alpha on aconitine
      induced cardiac arrhythmia in rats.
AB  - Intracerebroventricular administration of PGI2 or PGE2 reduced aconitine-induced
      cardiac arrhythmia in rats. PGF2 alpha had no antiarrhythmic effect under the
      same conditions. The ED50 values of PGI2 and E2 were 0.25 microgram/kg and 1.1
      microgram/kg, respectively. Central mechanisms may participate in the
      antiarrhythmic effect of these PGs.

PMID- 392625
TI  - [Diagnostic value of immunopathological studies in porphyria cutanea tarda].

PMID- 392626
TI  - [Further studies on the usefulness of the TPHA and FTA-ABS reactions for routine
      verification of positive results of screening tests].

PMID- 392627
TI  - [Incidence of syphilis and gonorrhea in Poland during the years 1948-1978].

PMID- 392629
TI  - [Post-war population growth and the incidence of syphilis and gonorrhea in
      Poland].

PMID- 392628
TI  - [Dr. Peter G. Hesse].

PMID- 392630
TI  - [Vulvovaginal moniliasis with and without symptoms].

PMID- 392631
TI  - [Bacteriological and mycological condition of the skin of the feet in young men].

PMID- 392632
TI  - [Cartesianism and Henricus Regius' dentistry (1598--1679--1979) (Henricus de Roy,
      Rene Descartes].
AB  - Henricues Regius (1598--1679), professor at the University of Utrecht was the
      first physician who accepted the physiology of the philosopher Descartes (1596-
      1750) that he exposed in Fundamenta physices (1646) and in Fundamenta Medicinae
      (1647) but in Praxis Medica (1657) his therapy of the "odontalgia" is still
      mediaeval according to the principles of Galen.

PMID- 392633
TI  - [Odontology and the beginning of cartesianism (1673--1650) (Rene Descartes)].
AB  - In the seventeenth century the universities of the Netherlands underwent the
      influence of Descartes in all the faculties. In medicine three periods can be
      distinguished: in the first, pathology and therapy are still galenic; the second,
      by the application of the cartesian method, triumphs in physiology; and the
      third, corrected by the views of Newton is integrated in a moderate biomechanism.

PMID- 392634
TI  - [Clinical, radiographic and microscopic study of cavity depth in teeth with
      carious lesions].

PMID- 392635
TI  - [Intra-alveolar implants. Consideration of experimental studies].

PMID- 392636
TI  - [Anti-fluoride campaigns. Myth and reality].

PMID- 392637
TI  - [Dimensional alteration behavior of different types of periodontal surgical
      cements].

PMID- 392638
TI  - [Osmosis, dental metabolism and dental caries].

PMID- 392639
TI  - [Control of pressure over the free end alveolar mucosa during impression taking].

PMID- 392641
TI  - [Mercury hazards in the dental office].

PMID- 392642
TI  - [Experimental study of corticosteroid-antibiotic medication].

PMID- 392640
TI  - [Evaluation of the effect of a calcium fluoride additive on compression strength
      of dental amalgams. (Conventional and disperson)].

PMID- 392643
TI  - [Actualization of bacteriological tests in dentistry].

PMID- 392644
TI  - [Centric relation--some considerations. I. Edentulous patients].

PMID- 392646
TI  - [Evoked potentials and vigilance states induced during the course of choice
      reaction time tests].
AB  - Characteristics of Visual Evoked Potentials (N120, P200, P300) were investigated
      during choice reaction time situations in a group of 10 subjects practising
      meditation (E.S.) versus a matched control group (C.S.) During a series of visual
      stimuli occuring at fixed intervals, with 10% random omissions, the subjects were
      asked : 1) to respond by a finger displacement to each visual stimulus; 2) to
      hold on the response to the stimulus and to respond to omission. Both tasks were
      recorded before and after the practice of meditation or rest for the controls.
      The intergroup comparison showed that the experimental subjects had faster RT's
      with less mistakes, and N120 and P200 of larger amplitude and shorter latency.
      These differencies were significant before and after meditation. The transient
      effects of meditation or rest, were opposite for the two groups : whereas after
      meditation the RT's became longer with less mistakes, and the amplitude of P300
      larger, after rest there was a decrease of the P300 amplitude and no change in
      the RT's of the controls. These results are interpreted in terms of selective
      attention capacity and information processing strategies, A.S.C. being used as a
      model for the study of these processes.

PMID- 392645
TI  - [Acid base equilibrium in blood and CSF, and lactate in CSF in metabolic and
      toxic encephalopathies].

PMID- 392647
TI  - [Short term study of comparing indoprofen with a placebo and with indomethacin in
      rheumatic polyarthritis].

PMID- 392648
TI  - [Oral epithelium histogenesis in the rat (Rattus norcegicus albinus). II.
      Histochemistry].

PMID- 392651
TI  - [Color selection through comparisons between natural teeth, shade guide teeth and
      samples of an acrylic resin, done by observers in different illumination and by
      colorimetric methods].

PMID- 392649
TI  - [Influence of thermic treatment temperatures and of cooling speed on the Brinell
      hardness of metallo-ceramic alloys].

PMID- 392650
TI  - [Influence of heating during pickling on hardness of gold alloys used in fixed
      prosthesis].

PMID- 392652
TI  - [Bacterial plaque removal ability of toothbrushing with fluoridated dentifrices
      and toothbrushing guidance, in children].

PMID- 392653
TI  - [Human oral microbiota. I. Occurrence of enteric bacteria in saliva, tongue and
      dental plaque].

PMID- 392654
TI  - [Effects of androgenic and/or anabolic steroids on structure and histometry of
      the submandibular gland of castrated male mice].

PMID- 392655
TI  - [Prescription in general practice. Critical review].

PMID- 392656
TI  - [Treatment with antiplatelet drugs. Current status of knowledge].

PMID- 392657
TI  - [Physiopathology of trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 392658
TI  - [Laser surgery and analysis of its uses in various specialties].

PMID- 392659
TI  - [Early gastric cancer. Current status of the problem and case reports].

PMID- 392660
TI  - [The Wilson-Mikity syndrome].

PMID- 392662
TI  - The effect of dietary disulfiram upon the tissue distribution and excretion of
      14C-1,2-dibromoethane in the rat.
AB  - Dietary disulfiram enhances the toxicity of inhaled 1,2-dibromoethane in rats.
      This study was undertaken to determine whether the differential toxicity noted
      was associated with alterations in the levels of the compound and/or its
      metabolites in the target organs. A comparison of the levels of 14C in selected
      tissues of male rats, with and without dietary disulfiram, following the oral
      administration of 14C-1,2-dibromoethane was made. The results indicated that
      levels of radioactivity in the target organs of animals in  the disulfiram group
      were significantly elevated both at 24 and 48 hours following compound
      administration. The data indicate a direct correlation between tissue levels and
      the enhancement of toxicity noted in the disulfiram-treated rats in the
      inhalation study. A significant elevation in the levels of radioactivity in
      washed liver nuclei obtained from animals receiving dietary disulfiram was also
      noted, suggesting a relationship between nuclear uptake and the increased
      incidence of liver tumors appearing in the disulfiran group in the inhalation
      study.

PMID- 392661
TI  - Bismuth toxicity in man II. Review of bismuth blood and urine levels in patients
      after administration of therapeutic bismuth formulations in relation to the
      problem of bismuth toxicity in man.
AB  - A survey of the leterature on bismuth toxicity in man in relation to blood level
      data, has revealed the necessity of distinguishing between lipid soluble and
      water soluble organic complexes of bismuth on the one hand and the simple
      inorganic salts of bismuth on the other hand. A characteristic feature of the
      former, illustrated by the water soluble bismuth complex triglycollamate, is the
      high bismuth levels (due to absorption of the complex as such) and the
      nephrotoxic properties of the compound in man. Bismuth absorption after
      administration of the simple inorganic salts of bismuth is postulated to occur in
      the form of ionic bismuth as such, low bismuth levels being characteristic
      features of such compounds. Bismuth blood and urine levels obtained from patients
      after administration of a new anti-ulcer drug (Bicitropeptide) in a well
      controlled clinical trial are discussed and suggest that that this bismuth
      containing drug behaves pharmacologically in a manner similar to the inorganic
      bismuth salts in man, low bismuth blood levels and the absence of toxic side
      effects being conspicuous features of the drug. Based on these considerations, it
      is proposed that the pharmacologically active bismuth compounds be divided into
      four different groups depending on structure, stability and solubility. The
      question as to what constitutes a "toxic bismuth blood level" can only be
      discussed in relation to the new proposed sub-division of bismuth compounds and
      is only meaningful if the term is defined to relate only to ionic bismuth
      (presumably bound to a large extent to blood proteins). Based on information
      gleaned from the literature and blood level values reported in the clinical trial
      referred to, it is suggested that bismuth blood level values below 50
      micrograms/ml are highly unlikely to be associated with meaningful toxicity in
      man. Finally, attention is drawn to the reversibility of bismuth toxicity in man
      as reported by many authors irrespective of the type of bismuth compound
      concerned.

PMID- 392663
TI  - Effects of some naturally occurring prostaglandins of the D-, E-, and I-type and
      synthetic analogues on adenylate cyclase of human fat cell ghosts.
AB  - The effects of various prostaglandins originating from arachidonic acid
      (prostaglandin E2, D2, I2) as well as of methylated analogues of prostaglandin E2
      (16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 and 15-S-methyl prostaglandin E2) on the human
      fat cell adenylate cyclase were studied. In addition, the stable breakdown
      product of prostaglandin I2, prostaglandin 6-keto-F1-alpha, was tested for
      activity. Prostaglandin E2 and its methylated analogues as well as prostaglandin
      D2 and I2 were active stimulators of the human fat cell enzyme. The stable
      breakdown product of prostaglandin I2 (prostaglandin 6-keto-F1-alpha) which is
      biologically inactive had no stimulatory effects, suggesting that stimulation of
      the human fat cell function. The stimulatory action of prostaglandin D2 is
      consistent with the elevation of cAMP-levels induced by this compound in intact
      fat cells. It is concluded that the stimulatory effects of prostaglandins on the
      human fat cell adenylate cyclase are related to their stimulatory effects upon
      lipolysis.

PMID- 392664
TI  - [Canine kidney preservation by intermittent perfusion with hypothermic Collins-
      or Sacks-solution (author's transl)].
AB  - 37 canine kidneys were intermittently perfused with Collins- or Sacks-solution
      every 2--6 h. 32 of these kidneys were transplanted after 12--24 h storage time.
      Additionally, 24 kidneys were stored under hypothermia for 12--24 h and then
      transplanted (control group). During perfusion the oxygen consumption of the
      kidneys and the enzyme and lactate release were measured. It was impossible to
      improve the results of hypothermic storage preservation by intermittent perfusion
      of the kidneys, on the contrary kidney function deteriorated by the number of
      perfusion processes. The failure of intermittent perfusion is caused by the
      increase of renal vascular resistance during perfusion. From the oxygen
      consumption and lactate release measurement it was concluded, that the washout
      solutions for kidney preservation should contain more substrate which can be
      utilized under anaerobic conditions to improve the results of hypothermic storage
      preservation.

PMID- 392665
TI  - Ultrastructure of skeletal muscle after CO2-laser incision.
AB  - The immediate effect of CO2-laser incision to the dorsal skin and underlying
      muscular tissue of rats was studied by light and electron microscopical methods.
      In the subcutaneous layer of skeletal muscle cells an increased susceptibility
      was found, resulting in distinct zones of cellular changes which are attributed
      mainly to thermal effects of the laser beam. The importance of these findings for
      the surgical application of lasers is discussed.

PMID- 392666
TI  - [Adenosine deaminase activity in blood cells; influence of cytostatic therapy in
      patients with acute leukemia and with renal transplants (author's transl)].
AB  - A causal relation between the enzyme, adenosine deaminase (ADA), and immune
      dysfunction is well known: patients with congenital inactivity of ADA invariably
      suffer of severe combined immunodeficiency. In contrast, we found in patients
      treated with immunosuppressive drugs increased ADA enzyme activity. Previous
      findings on ADA activity in acute leukemias are until now controversial. We found
      normal to increased ADA activity in children with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL)
      and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in remission as long as they were treated with
      cytostatic drugs. In the group of cured leukemics (in continuous remission after
      suspension of the therapeutic regimen) the ADA activities were normal. These
      findings do not exclude a heterogeneity within the leukemia group. They do not
      explain the signs of cellular immunodeficiencies well known in patients with
      acute leukemias.

PMID- 392667
TI  - Preliminary studies on cholinergic control of pituitary gonadotrophin secretion
      in the ewe.
AB  - Administration of neostigmine, a cholinomimetic, to anoestrous ewes diminished
      the increase in jugular plasma luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating
      hormone induced by oestradiol. Intravenous injection of atropine had no effect on
      the gonadotrophin surge.

PMID- 392668
TI  - Increase in resistance to acute experimental coli-septicaemia in chicks given
      high levels of ferrous sulphate in the diet.
AB  - The resistance of chicks to coli-septicaemia following injection of approximately
      10(8) cells of Escherichia coli O78 was found to be appreciably increased in
      terms of mortality by the supplementation of their diet with 360 mg/kg or more of
      iron in the form of commercial hydrated ferrous sulphate. This was related to an
      increase in the plasma iron levels. The results suggest that increased resistance
      to infection could be partly achieved by correcting the hypoferraemia which has
      previously been shown to be produced in chickens by injections of E coli
      endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results also showed that haematological
      disturbances in survivors of coli-septicaemia can persist for up to at least 30
      days after infection.

PMID- 392669
TI  - [Examination using fluorescence in clinical practice].

PMID- 392670
TI  - [Myiasis of the oral cavity (author's transl)].

PMID- 392671
TI  - ["Instituto Polytechnico"--the first institution of higher education teaching in
      the State of Santa Catarina (author's transl)].

PMID- 392673
TI  - [Salmonella in slaughtered cattle].

PMID- 392672
TI  - [The dentistry course of the Instituto Polytechnico (author's transl)].

PMID- 392674
TI  - [Prevalence of fluorescent antibodies against Trypanosoma in patients of various
      hospitals in Bogota, Colombia].

PMID- 392675
TI  - [In vitro recombination of nucleic acids: molecular genetic engineering].

PMID- 392676
TI  - [New technic for breast reconstruction following adenomastectomy, using
      dermolipid grafts].

PMID- 392677
TI  - [Repeated kidney transplantation: analysis of 41 cases].

PMID- 392678
TI  - [Serologic evaluation of the efficiency of meningococcal capsular polysaccharide
      vaccines of serogroups A and C: correlation with age, dosage, previous immune
      status and serological assays].

PMID- 392679
TI  - Membership directory. Rhode Island Dental Association.

PMID- 392680
TI  - Clinical applications of immunoperoxidase technique.

PMID- 392681
TI  - Rhode Island's health: yesterday, today, tomorrow.

PMID- 392682
TI  - Charles V. Chapin: his influence on concepts of public health.

PMID- 392683
TI  - Obituary. Professor Sven Ingelstedt.

PMID- 392684
TI  - [Results of the treatment of T.M.J. luxation by means of modeling with a dermo
      epidermal flap, according to Kole].

PMID- 392685
TI  - [Anti-infectious chemotherapy (antibiotics and antitubercular agents excluded).
      Introduction].

PMID- 392686
TI  - [Artificial ventilation. Glossary].

PMID- 392688
TI  - [Positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)].

PMID- 392687
TI  - [Mechanical ventilation for chronic respiratory insufficiencies].

PMID- 392689
TI  - [Monitoring patients on artificial ventilation].

PMID- 392690
TI  - [Heart transplantation after 12 years].

PMID- 392691
TI  - [Cardiology. In practice...one should remember...].

PMID- 392692
TI  - [In memory of Ion Negoescu].

PMID- 392693
TI  - An electron-microscopic study of human thyroid cancer.
AB  - Authors studied the ultrastructural characteristics of the following thyroid
      cancer: papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma and
      medullary carcinoma. Some specific ultrastructural-functional correlations for
      each type of thyroid cancer could be established. Papillary and follicular
      carcinoma had some common features: larger nuclei than in benign lesions, a
      highly increased number of mitochondria, a reduced endoplasmic reticulum, cell
      junctions between the cells and an intact basal lamina. In addition, papillary
      carcinoma presented stage I and stage II nuclear inclusions, and nuclear
      invaginations that contained cytoplasm. The higher malignancy of follicular
      carcinoma compared with that of papillary carcinoma was assigned to less
      differentiated areas corresponding to the compact fields. Undifferentiated
      carcinoma consisted of large pleomorphic cells (spindle and giant cells) with
      abundant mitochondria, a flat rough endoplasmic reticulum, scanty secretory
      granules and lysosomes, cell junctions, all suggesting their common epithelial
      origin. Ultrastructure of medullary carcinoma contributed to the explanation of
      the amyloid origin and of granule types in correlation with hormone storage in
      cells.

PMID- 392694
TI  - Radioimmunoassays of human myoglobin in serum and urine.
AB  - Two solid-phase radioimmunoassays have been developed for the detection of
      myoglobin in serum and urine. The sensitivity of the methods is 0.1 and 0.5
      microgram/l, respectively, with a coefficient of variation of the respective
      method of 7-8%. The mean serum concentration of myoglobin in ninety-nine healthy
      blood donors was 44.3 microgram/l +/- 18.0 microgram/l (SD) with a significant
      difference (P less than 0.001) between men (50.6 +/- 19.8) and women (35.7 +/-
      10.4). Serum myoglobin was positively correlated to age (P less than 0.05), body
      weight (P less than 0.02), serum creatine kinase (P less than 0.001), and serum
      creatinine (P less than 0.001) to galactose elimination rate. Serum myoglobin
      levels were not influenced by exhaustive short time dynamic exercise. The mean
      urinary excretion of myoglobin in twenty-four healthy students was 1.2
      microgram/24 h (range 0.1-4 microgram/24 h). Myoglobin excretion was correlated
      to excretion of beta 2-microglobulin (P less than 0.02) but not to serum levels
      of myoglobin. No indications of circulating antibodies to myoglobin were obtained
      when assaying sixty-seven rheumatoid arthritis and thirteen myastenia gravis
      sera. Presence of other myoglobin binding substances in serum, which would
      interfere with the assays also seemed unlikely. Determination of myoglobin in
      serum by sensitive and specific method might be of clinical value in the
      diagnosis of diseases involving muscle tissues.

PMID- 392695
TI  - Simple immunofixation modification: a practical way to identify monoclonal
      protein fractions.
AB  - A simple immunofixation modification for identification of monoclonal protein
      fractions has been adapted on gelatinized cellulose acetate membranes. This
      modification offers excellent sensitivity, simplification of interpretation and
      low costs. The analysis result is available in less than 3 h.

PMID- 392696
TI  - Prostaglandins and cardiovascular function: some biochemical and physiological
      aspects.

PMID- 392697
TI  - Comparison of different measurements of development of plaque and gingivitis in
      man.
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to compare efficiency of measurements
      commonly used to study the development of plaque and gingivitis in short-term
      clinical trials. Data from a recent experiment on the effect of mutanase on
      accumulation of plaque and development of gingivitis were used. Efficiency was
      compared using 1) level of significance and 2) minimum number of individuals
      necessary to obtain a statistically significant result at a given level of
      significance and with a given power of the test. Of all the measurements used,
      the gingival exudate measurement was the most efficient. Among the nonparametric
      indices, Plaque Index was the most efficient, especially on proximal surfaces in
      the mandible. Reduction of the scales for the nonparametric indices from a four
      point scale to a two-point (dichotomous) scale slightly reduced experimental
      efficiency.

PMID- 392698
TI  - Arrangement of actin filaments in in vitro migrating human gingival epithelial
      cells.
AB  - Using immunofluorescent techniques and anti-actin antibodies the presence of
      actin filaments has been demonstrated in epithelial cells cultivated in vitro.
      Organized bundles of filaments are restricted to the marginal cells in epithelial
      sheets. These marginal cells are not contact-inhibited and show structures like
      membrane ruffles which are common for migrating cells. In contrast, internal
      cells in the epithelial sheets are diffusely stained by anti-actin antibodies.
      The actin in all cells is redistributed after incubation in media containing
      cytochalasin B (CB). The importance of organized actin-filaments in migrating
      epithelial cells is discussed.

PMID- 392699
TI  - Effect of caries in mentally handicapped children of addition of fluoride and
      bicarbonate-phosphate to dietary sugar products.
AB  - Mentally handicapped children, aged 5--15 years and living in institutions,
      received fluoride supplement in several sugar products of their diet; in candies,
      marmalades, jams, fruit juices and in sweet desserts corresponding to 10 mg F as
      NaF per kg of the sugar (sucrose or glucose) of each product. To two of the four
      daily candies was also added a NaHCO3 + KH2PO4 mixture (mole ratio 9.8/l, resp.)
      to substitute for 2.5% of the sugar of the candy. The control children received
      the respective products without the additives. After stepwise exclusions of
      subjects for various reasons, e.g. for the absence of permanent teeth, low
      initial caries activity, strong medication, Down's syndrome, etc., the mean DMFS
      increment in the remaining 43 control subjects was 4.5 and in the 41 test
      subjects 2.6 lesions/100 surfaces at risk, i.e. 42% reduction. Caries arrestment
      had occurred in these test subjects after the first year, while in the respective
      controls it was continuously increasing. Among numerous oral and body parameters
      studied, only surface enamel fluoride in primary teeth was increased by the
      fluoride supplements and urinary phosphate and calcium excretion decreased.

PMID- 392701
TI  - Applications of the cathodoluminescence method in biology and medicine.

PMID- 392700
TI  - Age differences in cortical width of mandibles determined by histoquantitation.
AB  - A study was carried out to develop a histomorphometric method for indication of
      individual level of cortical width (MCW) and absolute cortical bone mass (MCW X %
      bone mass in mm3/mm2 bone surface) in the mandibular body and to demonstrate
      possible differences as to site, side, state of dentition, sex and age. The
      material consisted of autopsy specimens of mandibles. Microradiograms of 100
      microns-thick buccolingual ground sections were used. An electronic point
      counting system (Leitz-Classimat) was used for determination of MCW. The values
      for percentage of cortical bone mass have been given in previous studies. The
      analysis indicates that: 1) a reproducible measure for MCW in micron and absolute
      bone mass in a standard site can be obtained; 2) MCW in other sites of mandibular
      cortex deviates from that of standard site, which is why the same site has to be
      used in interindividual analysis; 3) MCW and absolute bone mass in the standard
      site are independent of side, state of dentition and sex, but show age-related
      decreases, while 4) the lingual cortex is unsuitable for interindividual analysis
      of MCW.

PMID- 392702
TI  - An in vitro method for platelet morphological studies employing a reconstituted
      collagen substrate.

PMID- 392703
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy at macromolecular resolution in low energy mode on
      biological specimens coated with ultra thin metal films.
AB  - In this report, conditions for attaining high resolution in scanning electron
      microscopy with soft biological specimens are described using the currently
      available high resolution scanning electron microscopes in emission mode of low
      energy electrons (secondary and charging electrons). Retinal rod outer segments,
      red blood cells, intestinal mucosa, and ferritin molecules were all used as
      biological test specimens. From uncoated specimens a new source of signal,
      referred to as a discharge signal, can provide a high yield of low energy
      electrons from an excitation area approximately the size of the beam's cross
      section. Additionally, under these conditions sufficient topographic contrast can
      be achieved by applying ultra thin metal coatins. A 0.5 nm thick gold film is
      found sufficient for generating the total signal, whereas increased coating
      thickness causes additional topographic background signal. However, a 2.0 nm film
      is needed for imaging surface details with the present instrument. Ultra thin,
      even, and grainless tantalum films have been found effective in eliminating the
      charging artifacts caused by external fields, and the decoration artifacts caused
      by crystal growth as seen in gold films. To improve, in high magnification work
      on ultra thin coated specimen, signal-to-noise ratio, methods for obtaining
      saturation of the signal with discharge electrons are shown. The necessity of
      confirming the information obtained in SEM by independent techniques (TEM of
      stereo-replicas or ultra thin sections) is discussed.

PMID- 392704
TI  - A technique for exposing internal surfaces of ocular tissue for SEM.

PMID- 392705
TI  - Correlation by scanning electron microscopy of in vitro and in vivo effects of
      amoxicillin and ampicillin on the morphology of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The effect of in vitro incubation with subinhibitory and inhibitory doses of
      amoxicillin or ampicillin on the morphology of E. coli 257 was evaluated by
      scanning electron microscopy (SEM). No effect, with either penicillin was seen at
      1/16 X MIC (0.39 microgram/ml). Filament formation was the major effect seen with
      both agents at 1/8, 1/4 and 1/2 X MIC but only with ampicillin at the MIC (6.25
      microgram/ml). Cells incubated with amoxicillin at the MIC were primarily short
      rods with bulbous swellings. This morphological difference between the two
      antibiotics was dose-related since ampicillin, at 2 X MIC, also caused the
      formation of short rods with bulbous swellings. SEM examination of omentum from
      amoxicillin and ampicillin treated mice 2 h after infection with E. coli 257
      indicated a correlation of morphological effects seen in vitro and in vivo with
      the respective antibiotics. For example, following a single subcutaneous
      treatment with amoxicillin and ampicillin at 250 mg/kg, the plasma concentrations
      2 h later (the time of infection) were 8.2 and 7.7 microgram/ml respectively but
      short rods with bulbous swellings were seen in amoxicillin-treated mice whereas
      filaments were found in the ampicillin-treated mice.

PMID- 392706
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of spinal nerve exits of normal and BCG-infected
      dogs.

PMID- 392707
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of biological specimens surface-etched by an oxygen
      plasma.

PMID- 392708
TI  - An electron microscopic and light microscopic study of the effects of surfactants
      on stratum corneum of mammalian skin.

PMID- 392709
TI  - Preparation and observation by SEM of hemopoietic cells cloned in soft agar.
AB  - A method is described to prepare clones of hemopoietic cells grown in soft agar
      for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A critical modification of the otherwise
      quite standard SEM processing procedure for biological samples involved the use
      of silver micropore disks as an adherent substrate to support the highly labile,
      deformable agar slabs. This support allows maintenance of the normal flat pancake
      shape of the specimen through the thiocarbohydrazide osmium ligand binding steps,
      dehydration, and critical point drying. With this support and careful dissection
      of the surface agar with a fine steel needle using a stereomicroscope, selected
      areas and depths within the colony can be exposed and examined by SEM. Surface
      topography of cloned cells can be correlated with intracellular cytological
      features by excising areas of interest and directly embedding them in plastic for
      thin-section preparation and viewing by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
      The dried-specimen-teasing method appears useful, because of the ease of
      preparation of the specimens, its reproducibility, and the degree of visibility
      and preservation of cell surface structures and intraclonal relationships. Our
      initial observations, using combined EM techniques, indicate that clonal cell
      topography is highly variable and that this variability appears to be related
      both to the relative age and proliferative status of the colony. Based on work to
      date, we suggest that topographical and spatial analysis, in vitro of cloned,
      agar-embedded hemopoietic stem cells is possible with simple modifications of
      conventional SEM preparative techniques.

PMID- 392710
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the human spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia.

PMID- 392711
TI  - The effects of fixation, dehydration and critical point drying on the size of
      cultured smooth muscle cells.

PMID- 392712
TI  - The architecture of metaphyseal bone healing.

PMID- 392713
TI  - Use of SEM for the study of the surface receptors of osteoclasts in situ.

PMID- 392714
TI  - Qualitative and quantitative aspects of labeling cell surface carbohydrates using
      lectins as probes.
AB  - Lectins are proteins which bind mono- and oligosaccharides with great
      specificity. Many polysaccharides, glycoproteins and glycolipids which are
      important constituents of cell walls and surface membranes of prokaryotic and
      eukaryotic cells, contain sugar moieties with which lectins can interact. As a
      result lectins have been extensively used for the study of cell surface and
      membrane structure of their labeling. This paper reviews and evaluates the
      available methods for the preparation of fluorescent, electron-dense and
      radioactive lectin derivatives. The procedures involved in the visualization of
      lectin binding under light and electron microscopy are described. In addition,
      the methods for quantitative evaluation of the fluorescence on labeled cells and
      for analysis of the number of cell surface lectin binding sites using
      radioactively-labeled lectins are outlined. Examples are given for the
      application of fluorescent lectin derivatives for the detection of specific
      saccharide-containing molecules on the surfaces of living or fixed microbial
      cells and various normal and neoplastic cells. The use of lectins to demonstrate
      the dynamic nature of cell membranes and to detect changes in membrane structure
      or organization which occur or organization which occur during differentiation,
      development or after neoplastic transformation is discussed.

PMID- 392716
TI  - Replication techniques with new dental impression materials in combination with
      different negative impression materials.
AB  - New materials and new techniques have enabled the fabrication of more reliable
      and more accurate replicas. Not only is the reproduction of detail of importance,
      but the expertise required from the operator and the time involved to produce a
      replica are considered key factors. For various reasons a reliable and
      reproducible replication technique for scanning electron microscopy offers many
      advantages. Recently a new dental precision impression material has been
      introduced, which in combination with low viscosity resins has produced superior
      results over other techniques. This combination processed by means of a
      centrifugal casting machine has produced replicas which could easily be compared
      to a standard test die at magnifications up to 3000 X. More in depth testing will
      have to be performed to establish whether these materials can be universally
      applied to a broad spectrum of replication problems. The combination
      Reprosil/Spurr low viscosity imbedding medium yielded replicas of high quality
      which can be made with simple equipment and without possessing special skills.
      Centrifugation of the positive replication material into the negative impression
      virtually eliminated the entrapment of airbubbles.

PMID- 392715
TI  - Hapten-antibody conjugates as probes of the lymphocyte surface.
AB  - Various forms and applications of the hapten-sandwich method for labeling cell
      surface antigens are reviewed. This is a two-layer antibody technique: the first
      antibody that binds antigen has been chemically modified so that a number of
      hapten groups are attached; the second antibody is directed against the hapten
      and has been coupled to a marker for amplified detection. This methodology is
      particularly suited to circumstances where high sensitivity and specificity are
      required for labeling alloantigens or for discriminating between antigens in
      double-labeling procedures. It is applicable to fluorescence visualization,
      electron microscopy, and radioisotopic labeling. It lends itself also to
      procedures for specific separation of differing lymphoid cell populations, and
      has been adapted to studies of cell activation in the immune response.

PMID- 392718
TI  - Inlayed teeth of ancient Mayans: a tribological study using the SEM.
AB  - A study has begun of inlayed teeth of Meso-American Indian skulls using scanning
      electron microscopy and modelling techniques. Round cavity preparations 2-3 mm in
      diameter and 1-2 mm deep had been cut through the enamel and just into the
      underlying dentin of the teeth. The vertical walls of the preparation met the
      floor in either a square, rounded or undercut form. Towards its center, the floor
      was occasionally elevated, sometimes depressed and commonly rounded. Closer
      examination showed abrasion anomalies as concentric, shallow grooves cut into the
      tooth tissue. A modification of the Semenovian principle was employed to
      determine the tool: 1) from the marks registered the the cavity and 2) the
      outline form of the preparation itself. Preparing cavities experimentally in
      teeth using wood and stone drills and sand as an abrasive produced certain
      characteristics consistent with those in the Meso-American teeth in which wooden
      drills created a variety of cutting patterns which included flat, elevated and
      depressed floors in the preparations. We have tentatively concluded that
      suggestions for the use of a tubular drill does not adequately explain the
      variety of forms encountered and that the cutting patterns were more consistent
      with the use of a wooden drill and sand.

PMID- 392717
TI  - IgG molecules, Fab' fragments and IgG-peroxidase conjugates as markers in
      replicas of deep-etched, labeled cell surfaces.
AB  - Sheep red blood cell (SRBC) ghosts were incubated with preparations of anti-SRBC
      IgG, antigen-binding fragments (Fab') or IgG coupled to horseradish peroxidase
      (HRPO). Frozen samples of the labeled ghosts were deep-etched and replicated with
      platinum-carbon to visualize their surface features in the transmission electron
      microscope. An analysis of both size and density of surface "particles" observed
      on labeled ghosts was performed to evaluate which markers could be practically
      used to label these membranes. It was concluded that in this system a marker must
      exhibit a diameter of greater than 150 A (the apparent size of IgG-HRPO
      conjugates) to be consistently seen over extensive surface areas and to be
      distinguished from the background granularity of the SRBC ghost surface. This
      rules out the use of Fab' or IgG as markers in this system.

PMID- 392719
TI  - Immunologic techniques for the identification of virion and cell surface antigens
      by correlative fluorescence, transmission electron and scanning electron
      microscopy.
AB  - The present resolution (75-100 A) of the conventional scanning electron
      microscope (SEM) and its ability to image the surfaces of large numbers of whole
      cells in situ permits the approach of problems such as viral and cell surface
      antigen localization by immunological labeling with visual markers.
      Identification of virus and cell surface antigens in situ has been accomplished
      in indirect reactions by conjugated and unconjugated markers. Hemocyanin (Hcy)
      from whelk, Busycon canniculatum, has been developed as an immunospecific marker
      for virion and cell surface labeling in the electron microscope. Its size
      (approximately 30 x 50 nm) and distinct cylindrical shape permit easy
      visualization in the SEM and TEM. The Hcy method involves the preparation of
      antisera to Hcy in appropriate hosts for use in an unlabeled antibody
      macromolecular procedure based exclusively on antigen-antibody affinity to couple
      the macromolecule to the antigen site. Further correlative data from fluorescence
      microscopy can be obtained from similarly labeled samples by binding fluorescein
      to the bridging antibodies used in the Hcy technique. The usefulness of the Hcy
      marker system was demonstrated using antisera to the major envelope and cell
      surface glycoprotein (gp70) of Rauscher murine leukemia virus (R-MuLV), a type C
      retrovirus. The antiserum was shown to bind to the virion and cell surfaces of
      virus-infected cells in the homologous virus-infected cell system. It also
      demonstrated the expression of R-MuLV gp70-related antigens on a murine cell line
      Mm5mt/c1 which produces mouse mammary tumor virus (MuMTV), A type B retrovirus.
      Furthermore, when used in the Hcy marker system this antiserum was able to
      distinguish type B from type C budding virus on the same cell. Examples of other
      marker systems (ferritin, peroxidase, colloidal gold, and latex) used to show
      anti-gp70 serum reactivity will be presented to demonstrate their applicability
      to cell surface labeling studies. Methods for the preparation of immunoreagents
      and labeling of cells are discussed.

PMID- 392720
TI  - Principles of X-ray microanalysis in biology.
AB  - Progress in biological X-ray microanalysis has been limited in recent years by
      specimen preparation procedures. Instrumentation and high levels of sensitivity
      for low concentrations are well developed for a large number of biological
      applications but reliable preparation of samples in the thick or thin form has
      yet to be establisehd. In addition the possible damage of specimens by the
      electron probe has been incompletely studied in the majority of applications. In
      this review the basic principles of X-ray production, design and operation of X
      ray detectors, quantitative procedures for thick and thin samples, analytical
      operation of the microscope, and current specimen preparation techniques are
      briefly described with the aim of highlighting weaknesses and discussing recent
      developments in each field.

PMID- 392721
TI  - General considerations of X-ray microanalysis of frozen hydrated tissue sections.
AB  - X-ray microanalysis of frozen hydrated sections can be applied for analysis of
      diffusible or highly mobile elements which might be displaced or lost when
      conventional preparatory techniques are used. Once frozen the specimen must be
      handled in such a way that it becomes vacuum compatible for subsequent analysis.
      Analysis cannot be accomplished without compartment recognition. Initial freezing
      can be considered successful if ice crystal damage does not exceed the dimension
      of the compartment to be analyzed. As compartment size decreases ice crystal
      artifacts become a significant problem. The application of special freezing
      methods including use of non-penetrating cryoprotectants is an important advance
      in freezing methodology for X-ray analysis. Cryosectioning is a fracturing
      process at low temperatures which can affect morphology and may affect analysis.
      An understanding of this process can aid in optimizing cryosectioning for use in
      preparing frozen hydrated and frozen dried section for X-ray microanalysis.
      Special equipment is necessary for both freeze dried as well as frozen hydrated
      specimen; while special transfer devices are necessary for frozen hydrated
      specimen transfer. Because of the design of cold stages special consideration for
      reducing extraneous background radiation is an intrinsic part of their
      application to biological X-ray analysis.

PMID- 392722
TI  - Origin of artifactual quantitation of electrolytes in microprobe analysis of
      frozen sections of erythrocytes.
AB  - Frozen sections of erythrocytes have been used to validate microprobe X-ray
      analysis of diffusible elements in biological samples. At this meeting last year
      we reported that intracellular Na concentrations measured by microprobe were much
      higher than those measured by bulk chemical methods. It was suggested that this
      might be due to the movement of extracellular material over the cells by
      microtomy. We now present evidence that such results are better explained by
      electron scattering within the sample during analysis. This evidence includes
      observations that the excess measured Na varies directly with section thickness
      and inversely with accelerating voltage. At 80 kV accelerating voltage there is
      excellent agreement between microprobe and chemical analysis. It may be concluded
      that specimen preparation techniques such as used in our laboratory are
      satisfactory for reliably localizing diffusible elements in small volumes, but
      that instrumental factors can seriously affect their quantitation.

PMID- 392724
TI  - Non-freezing techniques of preparing biological specimens for electron microprobe
      X-ray microanalysis.
AB  - In this paper a review is presented of the many ways the fluids involved in
      conventional wet chemical E.M. preparative techniques (including precipitation
      procedures) disturb the in vivo chemical integrity of biological tissues. The
      artifacts discussed are: (i) bulk element loss, (ii) phase transformations in
      mineralized tissues, (iii) redistribution of endogenous tissue elements; (iv)
      introduction of extraneous elements. Finally, the range of biological
      applications to which wet chemical methods have been successfully applied by
      various authors is briefly discussed to provide a realistic working perspective.
      It is stressed that in most of these applications the authors restrict themselves
      to a comparison of the chemistry of cells or their constituent organelle systems
      and do not attempt to define the in vivo chemical composition of cells. The
      author concludes that since all preparative procedures available to the
      microprobe analyst suffer from some form of restrictive compromise, it may not be
      advisable to think of a general microprobe preparative technique but,
      alternatively to apply different preparative techniques according to the specific
      biological answers sought.

PMID- 392723
TI  - Scanning immunoelectron microscopy for the identification and mapping of two or
      more antigens on cell surfaces.
AB  - This study demonstrates the feasibility of using scanning electron microscopy for
      the identification and mapping of two or more antigens on cell surfaces. Three
      types of cells: human type B red cells, tumor cells and their associated virus,
      and guinea pig hepatocarcinoma cells were immunolabeled with ferritin or gold
      conjugated to IgG fractions of antigen-specific antisera. Gold particles, 300-500
      A in diameter, were conjugated to an IgG fraction either directly or indirectly
      using Staphylococcal protein A. Gold particles of this size can be distinguished
      from ferritin label using a high resolution scanning microscope. Correlative
      light, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy
      studies, as well as x-ray diffraction analysis and the study of stereo
      micrographs, were performed to visualize the simultaneous immunolabeling by
      ferritin and gold of two antigens on the guinea pig hepatocarcinoma cell.

PMID- 392725
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of macrophages: a bibliography.
AB  - In this bibliography an attempt has been made to gather together as much as
      possible of the widely spread literature on the scanning electron microscopic
      appearances of macrophages. The primary source for these references was a medline
      search, supplemented by any secondary references obtained. The listed references
      have all been examined in detail by the compilers. In the subject index, an
      attempt has been made to draw the reference together into broad categories of
      biologic interest, as well as indexing for specific anatomic sites, pathologic
      conditions, toxic agents and so on. We hope that this compilation may be of some
      help to those seeking information on the surface morphology of the mononuclear
      phagocytes.

PMID- 392726
TI  - Analytical electron microscopic studies of ischemic and hypoxic myocardial
      injury.

PMID- 392727
TI  - Morphometric classification of enteric bacteria by computer-controlled SEM.

PMID- 392728
TI  - Visualization of the coronary microvascular bed by light and scanning electron
      microscopy and x-ray in the mammalian heart.

PMID- 392729
TI  - An improved plastic mixture for corrosion casting of the gastrointestinal
      microvascular system.

PMID- 392730
TI  - Documentation of environmental particulate exposures in humans using SEM and
      EDXA.
AB  - There is increasing awareness of health hazards from environmental and
      occupational exposures to particulates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and
      energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA) can document these exposures by analysis
      of small portions of cells, tissues and environmental samples. Previous work is
      briefly reviewed and special attention is given to discussion, with examples, of
      the various types of particulates which may be found in tissues (exogenous,
      endogenous, inhaled, injected, ingested, inorganic, organic), the different
      tissues in which they may be found (lung, heart, liver, skin, brain, kidney,
      lymph nodes, etc.), methods of tissue sampling (e.g. pulmonary lavage,
      transbronchial biopsy, open biopsy, percutaneous biopsy, autopsy), specimen
      preparation (fixation, embedding, sectioning, choice of substrate), SEM and EDXA
      data collection (backscattered electron imaging, etc.) data interpretation
      (artefacts, limitations of SEM and EDXA) and other new techniques (ion
      microprobe, laser Raman microprobe).

PMID- 392731
TI  - An ultrastructural study of lymph nodes in antilymphocyte serum-treated mice.
AB  - The cytoarchitecture of regional axillary lymph nodes of C57BL/6 mice with DBA/1
      skin allografts were examined by light microscopy (LM), scanning electron
      microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Lymph nodes from
      skin-grafted mice injected with rabbit anti-mouse lymphocyte serum (ALS) or
      normal rabbit serum (NRS) were examined ultrastructurally for the pattern of
      distribution, density and surface topography of their cellular constituents. The
      lymph node cortex consisted of smooth surface polyhedral-shaped cells tightly
      packed in the reticulum. A homogeneric population of lymphocytes more spherical
      in shape and more loosely distributed occupied the follicular region of the
      cortex. These cells exhibited surface microvilli and were similar in appearance
      to the free lymphocytes observed in the sinusoidal spaces. Post-capillary venules
      containing highly villous lymphocytes were observed in the deep cortex.
      Degradation of cellular organization and cell damage was observed in lymph nodes
      from ALS-treated mice. These alterations were believed to be a direct effect of
      ALS. This conclusion was based on the character of the cell damage observed in
      isolated lymphocytes, in suspension exposed to ALS with and without complement.

PMID- 392732
TI  - X-ray microanalysis of pyroantimonate-precipitable cations.
AB  - Modifications of the Komnick potassium (pyro)antimonate precipitation method have
      been widely used for the subcellular localization of a variety of cations. The
      identity of cations precipitated with this method has often been controversial,
      and it is therefore important to establish definitive criteria for identifying
      precipitated cations in situ. In the present study, we have precipitated
      antimonate salts in vitro and examined the salts both in crystalline powder form
      and after embedment in Epon, using energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, in an
      attempt to identify biologically important antimonate-precipitable cations. We
      have found that the cations sodium, magnesium, and calcium, if present in
      physiological concentrations, will precipitate antimonate under "standard"
      conditions (2.5% antimonate, pH 7.2 - 7.4, in the presence of 1% OsO4).
      Characteristic X-ray emissions were observed for sodium and magnesium, as well as
      for lead similarly precipitated, but Lalpha and Lbeta emission peaks from
      antimony interfered with calcium identification and necessitated complex
      computerized deconvolution or peak stripping to determine the presence of a
      calcium peak. Precipitates of sodium did not contain appreciable potassium,
      whereas variable amounts of potassium were present in precipitates of calcium and
      lead, depending upon the extent of washing prior to dehydration. Sizeable
      potassium peaks were consistently present in even well washed magnesium
      precipitates. X-ray spectra of standardized precipitates were found useful as an
      aid in interpreting the more complicated spectra obtained from tissue samples.

PMID- 392733
TI  - Cupula-receptor cell relationships with evidence provided by SEM microdissection.
AB  - Ampullae from the inner ear of the skate, Raja ocellata, were examined by SEM to
      further elucidate the relationships of the sensory hairs of the receptor cells to
      the overlying cupula. Specimens were prepared by a variety of methods and were
      fractured to visualize these relationships. Critical point drying resulted in
      good cellular and sensory hair preservation, but the cupulae were grossly
      shrunken. Freeze-dried cupulae, in contrast, more closely approximated the in
      vivo condition. Although tissues suffered freezing damage, sensory hair bundles
      were readily discerned. In both critical point dried and freeze-dried ampullae,
      the peripheral hair cell bundles and the kinocilia of most of the central hair
      cells, extended across the subcupular space and contacted the cupular material.
      Some of the specimens were further investigated by dissection in the SEM, the
      process being viewed in real time stereo. Microdissection confirmed that most
      kinocilia were attached to the cupula. When the cupula was displaced, sensory
      hair bundles remained attached to it and broke preferentially at their base from
      the receptor cells.

PMID- 392734
TI  - Preparative techniques for freezing and freeze-sectioning macrophages for energy
      dispersive x-ray microanalysis.
AB  - In order to study the subcellular distribution of normal intracellular
      electrolytes and of metal pollutants, rabbit alveolar macrophages and mouse
      peritoneal macrophages were maintained in standard tissue culture medium with or
      without various concentrations of cadmium chloride or ammonium vanadate. A
      variety of preparative techniques were employed to study both monolayers and cell
      pellets by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron
      microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis. Pellets of macrophages
      centrifuged in narrow bore centrifuge tubes were successfully snap-frozen in
      liquid-nitrogen-cooled liquid propane and either sectioned on a
      cryoultramicrotome or freeze-substituted with 1% osmium tetroxide in acetone and
      embedded in Epon. Spot probes of freeze-dried, frozen thin sections for normal
      intracellular electrolytes such as potassium, phosphorus and sulfur showed good
      localization to the cells and differences between organelles. Monolayers were
      freeze-dried and directly embedded in Epon. When Epon thin sections of these
      cells and of the freeze-substituted, Epon embedded pellets were obtained with a
      dry knife, intracellular electrolytes such as potassium, phosphorus and cadmium
      could still be detected by energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis. It is concluded
      that in studies using snap-freezing for element localization, maximum information
      is obtained with the simultaneous application of a combination of preparatory
      techniques.

PMID- 392735
TI  - Some aspects of structural organization in the cochlea of the bat, Pteronotus
      parnellii.
AB  - The scanning electron microscope was used to study some specific features of the
      organ of Corti in the bat, Pteronotus parnellii parnellii. The region of the
      outer tunnel and the external sulcus were analyzed in detail. Good visualization
      of the geometric arrangement of the external sulcus cells and the deep channels
      for their root processes was obtained by digestion of fixed material with 1%
      trypsin. Processes of the cellular elements forming the roof of the outer tunnel
      are very thin and appear to be weakly attached to the heads of the phalangeal
      processes of the third row of Deiters' cells. In much of the overstimulated and
      trypsin digested material the weak junction was broken and the outer tunnel
      elements exposed. Two distinct cellular elements occur along the outer wall of
      the tunnel. One type has a surface with numerous projections on tis outer tunnel
      surface. The other has a smooth surface and an expanded fanshaped extremity which
      forms at least part of the roof of the tunnel. With trypsin digestion some of the
      more deeply situated cells were exposed.

PMID- 392736
TI  - Suppressed development of experimental glomerulonephritis in lactating rats.
AB  - Five of six lactating rats did not develop proteinuria after an injection of
      nephrotoxic serum, whereas four out of five non-lactating, non-pregnant rats
      showed the usual proteinuric response (P = 0.06). The amount of heterologous IgG
      deposits was similar in both groups, but the lactating rats had significantly
      less autologous IgG (P = 0.004) in the glomerular basal membrane. It is suggested
      that hormonal factors influence the development of experimental
      glomerulonephritis in lactating rats.

PMID- 392737
TI  - Characterization of IgD. II. Molecular forms of IgD in human B cells.
AB  - Endogenous and surface labeling techniques were used on human lymphoid cells to
      characterize intracytoplasmic, membrane and secreted IgD, IgD synthesized by
      lymphocytes and inserted into the cell membrane displayed a single molecular form
      with the same mobility in sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) as the previously described slow migrating serum IgDl.
      Plasma cells produced and secreted IgDl and another IgD corresponding to the
      faster-moving serum IgD2. Conversion of one molecular form into the other was
      never observed, thus indicating that neither molecule is a precursor or a
      degradation product of the other.

PMID- 392738
TI  - In vitro enhancement of natural cytotoxicity by tumour necrosis serum.
AB  - Cells cytotoxic for syngeneic, allogeneic and xenogeneic cultured target cells
      are shown to be induced spontaneously in cultures of murine lymphoid cells. Serum
      containing bacillus Calmette-Guerin and endotoxin-induced tumour necrosis factor
      accelerates the appearance of observed natural cytotoxic cells.

PMID- 392739
TI  - Double blind comparison of short and medium term sulfonamides, sulfamethizole and
      sulfamethoxazole, in uncomplicated acute urinary tract infections.
AB  - Sulfamethizole and sulfamethoxazole were compared in a prospective, randomized,
      double blind study on uncomplicated, acute urinary tract infections. 59 patients
      were evaluable for therapeutic effect of sulfamethizole and 53 for
      sulfamethoxazole. The cure rates were 91.5 and 92.5% respectively for
      sulfamethizole and sulfamethoxazole. The rates of side effects were the same in
      the two groups, 5.4% and 4.2%. Also instances where the infecting bacteria were
      sulfonamide-resistant were cured.

PMID- 392740
TI  - Concentration of dicloxacillin and benzylpenicillin in fracture haematoma.
AB  - Prophylaxis with loading doses of dicloxacillin (3 patients) and benzylpenicillin
      (5 patients) has been used preoperatively for malleolar fractures treated in a
      standardized manner. Postoperatively, the same dose was given every 6 h for a
      total period of 48 h. The concentration of antibiotics was measured in serum
      before and after operation and 6 h after the first infusion. Samples from the
      haematoma were taken during operation and from the drainage collected during 24
      h. Satisfactory concentrations were found in serum pre- and postoperatively and
      in the haematoma.

PMID- 392741
TI  - Estimations of the incidences of toxoplasma infections among pregnant women from
      different areas in Norway.
AB  - 2342 male military recruits from different parts of Norway were selected for
      serological screening with the dye test or the IgG-indirect fluorescent antibody
      test. The highest frequency of toxoplasma antibodies was observed in the south
      western areas (27%), whereas the prevalence was found to be as low as 2% in the
      northermost areas of the country. On the basis of the prevalence values obtained
      in the different counties, the incidence rates for acquired infections in the
      pregnant population have been calculated. The annual incidence in Norway was
      estimated to be 4 0/00 and the incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis would be
      maximally 2 0/00 (or about 110 cases/year).

PMID- 392742
TI  - The maxillary denture labial flange.

PMID- 392743
TI  - The efficacy of intra-articularly administered MYC 2095, triamcinolone
      hexacetonide and placebo in gonarthritis. A combined double-blind clinical trial.
AB  - We report the results of a double-blind three-centre study, employing a cross
      over design, set up to compare the efficacy of intra-articular injections of Myc
      2095 (20 mg), triamcinolone hexacetonide (Lederspan) (20 mg) and placebo in 40
      patients with synovitis of the knee joint. Each patient included in the study
      contributed data on 2 of the 3 treatment variables being compared. Seven clinical
      parameters were assessed every 6 weeks, while the doctor's and the patient's
      assessments were scored. Intra articular treatment both with Myc 2095 and
      triamcinolone hexacetonide proved to be effective. Placebo response was also very
      high. After the first Myc 2095 injection, improvement in "tenderness", "pain
      under load" and "swelling and hydrops" was significantly superior to that
      following placebo treatment. The evaluation of the second injections indicated a
      marked carry-over effect from the first course. This was also evident from the
      doctor's and patient's assessments. The importance of including a placebo in the
      evaluation of anti-phlogistic drugs in clinical trials, emerged from this study.

PMID- 392744
TI  - Gastrointestinal blood loss caused by controlled-release and conventional
      acetylsalicylic acid tablets.
AB  - Gastrointestinal blood loss has been studied following oral administration of the
      novel controlled-release acetylsalicylic acid tablet preparation Acetard and the
      instant-release acetylsalicylic acid tablet Magnecyl (Ph. Nord. 63). Acetard
      contains micro-encapsulated acetylsalicylic acid crystals having an in vitro
      release time of approximately 4 hours. The investigation was carried out as a two
      part, randomized cross-over trial, and with a test dosage of either 1 g X 4 or 2
      g X 2 per day, given to 10 and 14 male students, respectively, during two 5-day
      periods separated by a one week interval. The dosage of the plain formulation was
      maintained at 1 g X 4 daily in both parts of the investigation. Faeces were
      collected every 24 hours throughout the trial, covering a total of 4 weeks. Blood
      loss was measured using the 51Cr labelling technique. Acetard was found to cause
      statistically significantly less gastrointestinal blood loss as compared with the
      plain formulation, irrespective of whether Acetard was given twice or four times
      a day.

PMID- 392745
TI  - Systemic lupus erythematosus--a zoonosis?
AB  - The medical history was obtained and a physical examination carried out--in
      addition to an immunological investigation of the blood and skin--on 11 dogs in
      the ownership of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The results
      were compared with those obtained from a control group and it was found that they
      do not support the hypothesis that SLE is a zoonosis.

PMID- 392746
TI  - Immunofluorescence study of renal biopsies in chronic rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Renal biopsy specimens from 20 patients, 14 women and 6 men, with rheumatoid
      arthritis (RA) of at least 6 months' duration were studied by direct
      immunofluorescence microscopy for the presence of immune deposits. Pathological
      changes were most prominent in patients with longstanding or malignant disease
      and in patients previously on gold salt therapy. Staining for IgG and C3 was
      negative in 4 patients with an arthritis of 2 year's duration or less. Fifteen
      patients had glomerular deposits containing IgG or C3, or both. In 6 of these
      patients staining was also positive for IgM and in 3 for IgA. In 8 patients C3
      was distributed in irregular deposits along the tubular basement membrane. These
      results suggest that in patients with RA, immunological processes have an
      untoward effect on the kidneys. The long-term effects of these processes might
      contribute, moreover, to the development of late renal complications. There is no
      evidence, however, that the renal immune deposits documented so frequently in
      this study derive from the rheumatoid disease itself.

PMID- 392747
TI  - Recruiting collapsed lung through collateral channels with positive end
      expiratory pressure.
AB  - We studied reinflation of collapsed parts in excised normal human lungs through
      both the ordinary bronchial route and through collateral channels. A model of
      atelectasis was made either by simple collapse or by applying a positive pressure
      to the pleura and a negative to the airway. Five different ventilatory patterns
      were used for reinflation: simulated normal breathing with and without continuous
      positive airway pressure (CPAP), simulated deep breathing and mechanical
      ventilation with and without positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). All
      methods, except normal breathing without CPAP, reinflated the collapsed part with
      pressures well within the range used clinically. The most effective way of re
      expanding collapsed lung was the application of CPAP during simulated normal
      breathing or PEEP during mechanical ventilation, which required smaller
      transpulmonary pressure swings than the other methods. A comparison between CPAP
      and PEEP showed CPAP to be preferable. Collateral reinflation occurred just as
      readily as normal reinflation and the results suggest that collateral reinflation
      is the primary choice. This route of reexpansion also has a potential secretion
      clearing effect in that pressure is built up distal to an obstruction.

PMID- 392748
TI  - [Classification of tubular testicular atrophies in the diagnosis of sterility.
      Significance of the so-called "bunte Atrophie"].
AB  - In the course of testicular biopsies from 2317 patients in the years 1969--1978
      at the Institute of Pathology of Zurich University, 1165 cases with tubular
      atrophy were retrospectively examined and classified on the basis of distribution
      of atrophy on the one hand and degree of atrophy (progressive depopulation) on
      the other. In virtue of this histological classification, an attempt was made to
      provide an absolutely or relatively reliable statement respecting the fertility
      situation, which was possible in 25% of the cases. In the group of the so-called
      "bunte Atrophie" an alteration could be described which is of interest not only
      because it accounts for a quarter of all testicular atrophies but also because
      there is a difference between the slight histological alterations and the
      obviously serious clinical consequences. It was possible to prove that an
      increase in the atrophy grade characterized by loss of spermatids is already
      responsible for rapid shrinkage of tubulus diameter in this group.

PMID- 392749
TI  - [High hemoglobin concentration and high hematocrit values in patients with
      homologous kidney grafts].
AB  - 9% of kidney allograft recipients were found to develop high hemoglobin
      concentrations and high hematocrit levels. This abnormality was found only in
      patients carrying their own diseased kidneys. The majority of graft recipients
      exhibit low normal erythrocyte counts, whereas the patient group described shows
      high normal values for red cells. It is suggested that erythropoietin secreted
      from ischemic regions of the patients' own kidneys may be responsible for the
      observed difference in erythrocyte counts. No adverse effects were noted
      clinically.

PMID- 392750
TI  - [Acute respiratory insufficiency in internal medicine].
AB  - The definition, causes and some pathophysiological aspects of acute respiratory
      failure are discussed and a systematic clinical workup for these patients is
      proposed. The clinical and functional parameters for intubation and artifical
      ventilation are described. Finally, some special problems of therapy in some
      diseases leading to acute respiratory failure are mentioned. The basic disease
      not only indicates the criteria for intubation but also determines modifications
      in ventilatory support.

PMID- 392751
TI  - [Possibilities of respiratory rehabilitation in the hospital].
AB  - Among the forms of respiratory insufficiency, those of acute decompensation have
      the best chance of cure and require all the facilities of clinical and emergency
      treatment. The therapeutic bases are antibiotics, IPPB, inhalation of
      broncholytic and secretolytic aerosols, physiotherapy and in some cases steroids.
      The home care program must be established and practised in the hospital, and its
      performance controlled and adapted in cooperation between family doctor and lung
      function laboratory in the clinic.

PMID- 392752
TI  - [Mechanical ventilation: modern technics and respirators].
AB  - The techniques of ventilatory support have been improved during the last few
      years by two series of modifications: first, the introduction of the trigger and
      the IMV allows and stimulates greater participation of the patient in the
      regulation and work of respiration; second, higher levels of PEEP and CPAP
      produce an improvement in pulmonary gas exchange. The development and perfecting
      of these techniques has not increased the cost of modern ventilators. This
      article considers some of the advantages and shortcomings of a number of recent
      models.

PMID- 392753
TI  - [Professor Guido Fanconi, 1 January 1892-11 October 1979].

PMID- 392754
TI  - [Dr Francis Bossard, Paris (1895-1979)].

PMID- 392755
TI  - [SSO congratulates Prof. Walter Hess on his 94th birthday (born 9 November
      1885)].

PMID- 392756
TI  - [Alternative application of autologous cancellous osteoplasty and dynamic
      compression implant (DCI) for total alveolar process atrophy].

PMID- 392757
TI  - [Dental reconstruction with non-precious metal screws and posts].
AB  - A short review of the current methods for restoring destroyed dental crowns by
      mechanical retentive elements. The causes leading to failure in such restorations
      are mentioned in a short review of literature. Main causes are corrosive changes
      in posts and screws anchored in root canals. This is why a special chapter deals
      with the problem of corrosion. A systematic enumeration of various corrosions in
      posts and screws is illustrated by a choice of clinical and radiological
      illustrations. The author's own metallurgical analytic investigations of the
      posts and screws available commercially allow to divide them into 4 typical
      nonprecious metal groups: Inox steel, cromium nickel steel, cromium nickel
      molybdene steel and brass alloys. The reasons for resistance to corrosion lie in
      the different metallographic structures and processing methods. Further
      investigations are finished and will be published later in this journal.

PMID- 392758
TI  - [Repair of broken VMK-bridge pontics in the front teeth].

PMID- 392759
TI  - [Removable partial denture. Excerpts from the literature 1977--1979].
AB  - In partial denture prosthesis research and advances were made principally on: --
      the fundamental biomechanical properties of the demodont and the fibromucosa. In
      the light of these findings, the justification of stressbreaking as a principle
      is questioned -- the mechanical properties of chromium-cobalt alloys -- checking
      of castings by radiography -- simplification of the designs for removable partial
      denture frameworks -- impression materials and techniques (fluid-wax functional
      impression and altered cast-procedure) -- the combination of restauration and
      plaque control for successful dentistry.

PMID- 392761
TI  - [A loosened post base].

PMID- 392760
TI  - [Intra-alveolar stabilizer tenons for removable complete or partial dentures].

PMID- 392762
TI  - [Growth].

PMID- 392763
TI  - Is sarcoidosis an autoimmune disease?: Report of four cases and review of the
      literature.

PMID- 392764
TI  - Psoriatic arthritis: a clinical, immunologic and HLA study of 100 patients.

PMID- 392765
TI  - The associations and relationships of congenital immune deficiency states and
      autoimmune phenomena.

PMID- 392766
TI  - The composition of human milk.
AB  - Mature human milk contains 3%--5% fat, 0.8%--0.9% protein, 6.9%--7.2%
      carbohydrate calculated as lactose, and 0.2% mineral constituents expressed as
      ash. Its energy content is 60--75 kcal/100 ml. Protein content is markedly higher
      and carbohydrate content lower in colostrum than in mature milk. Fat content does
      not vary consistently during lactation but exhibits large diurnal variations and
      increases during the course of each nursing. Race, age, parity, or diet do not
      greatly affect milk composition and there is no consistent compositional
      difference between milks from the two breasts unless one is infected. The
      principal proteins of human milk are a casein homologous to bovine beta-casein,
      alpha-lactalbumin, lactoferrin, immunoglobulin IgA, lysozyme, and serum albumin.
      Many enzymes and several "minor" proteins also occur. The essential amino acid
      pattern of human milk closely resembles that found to be optimal for human
      infants. Possible special functions of milk proteins and enzymes other than as a
      source of amino acids, are as yet largely speculative. The principal sugar of
      human milk is lactose but 30 or more oligosaccharides, all containing terminal
      Gal-(beta 1,4)-Glc and ranging from 3--14 saccharide units per molecule are also
      present. These may amount in the aggregate to as much as 1 g/100 ml in mature
      milk and 2.5 g/100 ml in colostrum. Some of them may function to control
      intestinal flora because of their ability to promote growth of certain strains of
      lactobacilli. Human milk fat is characterized by high contents of palmitic and
      oleic acids. the former heavily concentrated in the 2-position and the latter in
      the 1- and 3-positions of the triglycerides. Fatty acid composition of milk fat
      varies somewhat with the composition of diet, particularly the fatty acids which
      it supplies. Phospholipids, amounting in the aggregate to about 75 mg/100 ml,
      include phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl serine,
      phosphatidyl inositol, and sphingomyelin. The principal mineral constituents of
      human milk are Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, and Cl. Calcium concentrations reported in
      various studies vary from 25--35 mg/100 ml. Phosphorus at 13--16 mg/100 ml is
      much more constant but is lower in proportion to casein and calcium than in milks
      of most other species. Iron, copper, and zinc contents of human milk vary
      considerably. A long list of other trace elements has been reported. About 25% of
      the total nitrogen of human milk represents nonprotein compounds including urea,
      uric acid, creatine, creatinine, and a large number of amino acids. Of the
      latter, glutamic acid and taurine are prominent. All of the vitamins, except K,
      are found in human milk in nutritionally significant concentrations.

PMID- 392767
TI  - Nursing the newborn.
AB  - Factors affecting successful breast-feeding that have been discussed include good
      prenatal and postnatal patient education, supportive routines in the hospital,
      and prevention and/or treatment of common early problems. Suggestions have been
      made of ways in which the breast-feeding experience can be enhanced. As these
      measures become more widespread, along with knowledge of the benefits and
      advantages of human milk and breast-feeding, we should be able to continue to
      reverse the trend away from breastfeeding.

PMID- 392768
TI  - Immunologic aspects of breast feeding, antiinfectious activity of breast milk.
AB  - The most apparent immunologic role of the mammary gland is supply to antibodies
      to the neonate. In cattle the gland must be able to secrete large quantities of
      IgG antibodies over a short time period to supply the offspring with protection
      against systemic pathogens. This is accomplished by selective transfer of IgG
      from serum to the gland followed by eventual absorption by the neonate gut. In
      all mammals, the mammary glands provide IgA antibodies specific for pathogens or
      antigens which enter or invade the neonatal gut. An entero-mammary cell
      circulation provides the mechanism for conveying such specificity to the lacteal
      IgA antibodies. Some IgA antibodies may also be derived from the circulation so
      that the quantitative significance of serum derived versus locally produced IgA
      in different species requires clarifications. IgG and IgG lacteal antibodies
      ingested by the neonate, provide short-term systemic and long-term enteric
      humoral immunity to the neonate. In addition to providing passive immunity, at
      least swine IgG appears to have a regulatory role in the development of the
      systemic humoral immune system of the neonate. Such a phenomenon may be general
      for IgG antibodies transferred in colostrum or in utero. While passive antibodies
      and immunoglobulins may be most important for the neonate, the many other
      potentially anti-infectious elements transferred in colostrum and milk may also
      play important roles. 'Bifidus' factor particularly, but also lysozyme and
      lactoferrin are probably all important although more convincing experimental data
      will be needed to support this assumption. Studies of cells of the lymphoid and
      reticuloendothelial systems in milk are more recent and their role in the neonate
      remains to be convincingly demonstrated. In summary, the immunologic and anti
      infectious roles of the mammary glands are (1) Supply of IgA antibodies against
      enteric antigens to the neonate on a 'long-term' basis throughout lactation; (2)
      Short-term supply of IgG (and IgA) in Group II and III mammals for eventual
      absorption into neonatal serum; (3) The supply of numerous nonspecific factors
      such as 'bifidus factor,' lactoferrin, and lysozyme throughout lactation; (4)
      Regulation of the development of humoral immunity by an apparent feedback
      mechanism involving maternal IgG; (5) Self-protection of the gland by sensitized
      T-lymphocytes acting directly or using lymphokines on macrophages; and (6) Self
      protection of the gland by secreted antibodies that may act in complement
      independent cytolysis, as opsoins for polymorphonuclear-leukocytes or directly as
      agents preventing colonization.

PMID- 392769
TI  - Drugs affecting lactation.

PMID- 392770
TI  - Suppression of lactation.

PMID- 392771
TI  - Pregnancy and lactation in relation to breast cancer risk.
AB  - In the past, numerous efforts have been made to define risk and protective
      factors of breast cancer. Among these, pregnancy and lactation have been
      extensively discussed in connection with breast cancer. Unfortunately, many of
      the reports on the protective effects of pregnancy and lactation are equivocal;
      caution needs to be exercised when interpreting the results of a single
      publication. Development of breast cancer is often preceded by the occurrence of
      preneoplastic mammary lesions, which may be the result of long-term exposure to
      estrogens and prolactin. Since endogenous estrogen levels regulate pituitary
      prolactin secretion to some extent, it has been postulated that a hormonal
      imbalance exists in early mammary carcinogenesis. Exogenous estrogens directly
      increase pituitary prolactin secretion. During gestation, greatly increased
      levels of endogenous sex steroids efficiently stimulate pituitary prolactin
      secretion; during lactation, the stimulus of suckling is responsible for
      hyperprolactinemia. However, most studies did not reveal a cause-effect
      relationship between prolactin levels and enhanced risk of breast cancer. At
      present, the role of pregnancy and lactation in the development and prognosis of
      breast cancer is not determined.

PMID- 392773
TI  - Professional deviants and the history of medicine: medical mesmerists in
      Victorian Britain.

PMID- 392774
TI  - A study in the legitimisation of knowledge: the 'success' of medicine and the
      'failure' of astrology.

PMID- 392772
TI  - Health insurance policy development in Denmark and Sweden 1860--1950.

PMID- 392775
TI  - The role of the dentist in the comprehensive management of hemophilia.
AB  - Routine dental procedures do not generally involve bleeding; consequently, there
      is no contraindication to routine dental treatment for hemophiliacs. Preventive
      dentistry is vital to the younger hemophiliac patient world-wide; older
      hemophiliacs may require extensive treatment to restore mouths that have been
      neglected. Surgical dental procedures may be performed for hemophiliacs, but they
      must be judiciously coordinated by the dental and medical team. The facilities
      and treatment available will determine the feasibility of treating such patients
      in the hospital or on an outpatient basis.

PMID- 392776
TI  - [I. P. Semmelweis: his life and cause of death].

PMID- 392777
TI  - [Anatolii Innokent'evich Nesterov].

PMID- 392778
TI  - [Peritoneal dialysis (review of the literature)].

PMID- 392779
TI  - [Automated system in the diagnosis of craniocerebral injuries].

PMID- 392780
TI  - [Treatment and prevention of suture failures in esophageal anastomoses].

PMID- 392781
TI  - [Detection of immune complex in the cytoplasma of peripheral blood leucocytes by
      the immunofluorescence technique (author's transl)].

PMID- 392782
TI  - [Localization of immunoglobulins and gold in rheumatoid synovial membrane
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 392784
TI  - Death of Dr Franz A. Bauhofer. European office pays tribute.

PMID- 392783
TI  - [Vertebral lesions in rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 392785
TI  - The present situation and the experiment of the primary medical assistance
      development in the Mongolain People's Republic.

PMID- 392786
TI  - [The effect of some antiinflammatory drugs on the neutrophil's function (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 392788
TI  - Hajime Handa.

PMID- 392787
TI  - [Polymorphonuclear leucocyte migration "in vitro". Description of a method for
      its assessment (author's transl)].

PMID- 392789
TI  - Antony Chipault 1866--1920.

PMID- 392790
TI  - Membrane retrieval in secretory cells. Morphological evidence for participation
      of Golgi cisternae in internalization of plasma membrane following stimulated
      exocytosis.

PMID- 392791
TI  - Membrane interactions in secretory cell systems.

PMID- 392792
TI  - Microtubules, microfilaments and the regulation of membrane functions.

PMID- 392793
TI  - Some events at the islet cell plasma membrane that may be associated with
      exocytotic insulin release.

PMID- 392794
TI  - Regulation of intracellular transport of exportable proteins in the rat exocrine
      pancreas.

PMID- 392796
TI  - [Important and anniversary dates in the history of internal medicine in 1980].

PMID- 392795
TI  - [New African hemorrhagic fevers].

PMID- 392797
TI  - [Therapeutic embolization of the blood vessels].

PMID- 392798
TI  - [Radioisotope study of pulmonary ventilation during influenza vaccine reaction].

PMID- 392799
TI  - [Diagnosis of drug allergy].

PMID- 392800
TI  - The history of the A family of inbred mice and the biology of its congenital
      malformations.
AB  - The A family of inbred mice which originated in 1921, came during its early
      development to have incorporated into its genome the tendency to several
      congenital malformations, among them cleft lip and palate. These sporadic
      abnormalities are of interest because they closely resemble their human
      counterparts in morphology and development, and because they share with them a
      multifactorial basis. The origins and development of the A family are traced, and
      the abnormalities are described and the forces affecting them detailed.

PMID- 392801
TI  - Neural tube closure defects caused by papaverine in explanted early chick
      embryos.
AB  - Papaverine (50 micrograms/ml) preferentially inhibited uplifting of neural folds
      in explanted stage 8 chick embryos. Affected neuroepithelial cells often lost
      their wedge-shaped and elongated appearance. Also, luminal surfaces of most
      affected cells were smoother than usual as evidenced by the marked decrease in
      the number of cytoplasmic extensions, but the integrity of other structures
      (including cytoskeletal components) was not noticeably affected. The observed
      changes in cell surface topography were due, at least in part, to the imparied
      ability of apical microfilaments to contract and their eventual relaxation. The
      "relaxing" effect of papaverine on neural folds could be reversed by subsequent
      treatment with ionophore A23187. Since papaverine and ionophore A23187 are known
      to alter the normal distribution of intracellular Ca2+ and changes in cell
      surface topography are correlated with contractile activities of apical
      microfilaments, papaverine elicits neural tube closure defects by lowering
      intracellular free Ca2+ levels, thereby relaxing contracted apical microfilaments
      in neuroepithelial cells.

PMID- 392802
TI  - [Psychiatric disorders induced by anorectics].

PMID- 392803
TI  - [Treatment of sleep disorders with zopiclone. Clinical trials using a double
      blind method versus placebo].

PMID- 392804
TI  - A new simple assay for factor VIII related antigen.

PMID- 392805
TI  - Heparin and dextran sulfate antagonize PGI2 inhibition of platelet aggregation.

PMID- 392806
TI  - The paradoxical thrombogenic effect of aspirin in experimental thrombosis.

PMID- 392807
TI  - Lobectomy with sleeve resection of the bronchus for malignant disease of the lung
      and the influence of the suture material used for the bronchial repair.
AB  - A series of 100 consecutive cases of lobectomy combined with sleeve resection of
      the bronchus for malignant disease of the lung is presented. In 13 of these cases
      a sleeve resection of the appropriate pulmonary artery was also carried out. An
      operative mortality of 8% was encountered and a crude 5-year survival of 40% was
      achieved. A comparison of absorbable and non-absorbable suture materials for the
      bronchial anastomosis indicated that the absorbable suture, Polyglycolic Acid
      (Dexon), minimized the morbidity from complications at the bronchial anastomosis.

PMID- 392808
TI  - Time-dose-response studies on cellular immunity.
AB  - The time-dose responses to several murine histocompatibility antigens were
      studied using lymphocytes as an antigen source for immunization and the speed of
      rejection of skin grafts as an assay of the level of immune responsiveness. It
      was observed that the weaker the first set response to an antigen the higher the
      minimal immunizing dose and the lower the tolerizing dose; thus, there was a
      small "immunizing window." The speed of onset of immune responsiveness and the
      magnitude of change in it following first antigen contact depended on the
      "strength" of the antigen. When the antigen was "strong" the level of response
      increased rapidly following first antigen contact. When the antigen was "weak" a
      period of tolerance appeared following first antigen contact, which then gave way
      to a state of immunity; the "weaker" the antigen the longer the interval and the
      greater the magnitude of tolerance. Increasing the antigen dose tended to magnify
      and prolong the tolerance. The "weaker" the antigen the longer the interval
      between first antigen contact and the appearance of immunity. Once established,
      the level of immunity was not constant. Undulations in the levels of all
      responses were noted; the "weaker" the antigen the larger the undulations.
      Possible explanations for the undulations and implications of the time-dose
      response curves in immunotherapy are discussed.

PMID- 392809
TI  - Immune adherence of platelets to sensitized leukocytes: a model of hyperacute
      rejection.
AB  - Specifically hypersensitized recipients of canine renal allotransplants
      demonstrate an accumulation of host platelets in the transplanted kidney within
      minutes following implantation. Transplant function is ra,idly lost. The present
      work describes an in vitro model of this hyperacute rejection mechanism. Renal
      donor leukocytes sensitized with host serum are incubated with donor platelets.
      Within a few minutes the platelets adhere to the sensitized leukocytes to form
      rosettes. Serum complement is required for platelet rosette formation. Platelets
      act as indicators in this reaction and they may be obtained from any dog. Donor
      platelets were used to avoid the transfer of specific antibody to the test
      mixture. The in vitro model supports the view that hyperacute rejection in the
      dog is a specific example of the immune adherence reaction in which platelets
      bind to antigen-antibody-complement complexes.

PMID- 392810
TI  - HMM-decorated filaments in leukocyte nucleus.
AB  - HMM-decorated filaments could be observed in the leukocyte nucleus under an
      electron microscope. The filaments were distributed in parallel or randomly among
      chromatin granules and showed "arrowhead" structures similar to those of
      cytoplasmic filaments. These observations suggest that the leukocyte nucleus may
      possess contractile filaments containing actins which probably function in the
      structural transformation of the nucleus.

PMID- 392811
TI  - Effects of eight amino acids on the exocrine and endocrine pancreatic function.
AB  - Eight amino acids were intravenously administered in a dose of 2 mmoles/kg/hr to
      dogs with chronic pancreatic fistula, and the effect of each amino acid on
      endocrine and exocrine pancreatic secretions was investigated. Asparagine,
      arginine, isoleucine and phenylalanine administered under the stimulation of
      secretin-pancreozymin significantly inhibited the secretion of pancreatic juice
      by 23%, 15%, 13% and 13%, and the output of amylase by 53%, 37%, 27% and 18%,
      respectively. Threonine, glycine or methionine brought about no significant
      changes in pancreatic secretion, but valine significantly increased pancreatic
      juice secretion by 13% and amylase output by 15%. Any of the eight amino acids
      caused no noticeable change in the concentration of bicarbonate.

PMID- 392812
TI  - Differential volumetry of A, B and D cells in the pancreatic islets of diabetic
      and nondiabetic subjects.
AB  - The percentile volumes vA, vB and vD of A, B and D cells in the islets of
      Langerhans were histometrically estimated in the pancreases from 59 autopsy cases
      including maturity- and growth-onset diabetics and nondiabetics. Volumetry was
      performed microscopically by point counting method using a square-lattice
      eyepiece, then the total A, B and D cell volumes VA, VB, and VD were calculated
      from the total islet volume Vi of the pancreas in VB between the three groups.
      Namely, it was only 0.156 and 0.388 cm3 in the growth- and maturity-onset
      diabetics, much smaller values than 0.636 cm3 in nondiabetics. The simultaneous
      investigation on clinical records revealed a negative correlation between VB and
      the maximum blood sugar of the individual. The smaller VB in diabetes was
      attributed to the diminution of Vi because vA, vB and vD were almost the same
      regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes. These results strongly
      suggested a failure of insulin production in diabetes due to quantitative
      deficiency of B cells.

PMID- 392813
TI  - A biological study on hot-water extract from delipidated Mycobacterium bovis
      strain BCG.
AB  - The biological activity of a hot-water extract from delipidated BCG, designated
      as HSA (Hot-water Soluble Adjuvant), was investigated. The HSA did not induce
      hyperreactivity to bacterial endotoxin. The hot-water extract from which nucleic
      acids had been removed by streptomycin (SM-HSA) was found to enhance the delayed
      type hypersensitivity as evidenced by the results of footpad reaction of mice.
      The HSA and SM-HSA could be injected to mice by an intraperitoneal route for 20
      consecutive days without undesirable side effects. A comparative study was made
      on the effects of HSA in relation to the duration and doses of treatment with HSA
      using the ddI mice inoculated with Sarcoma-180. The most remarkable effect was
      observed when 0.25 mg of HSA had been injected for 20 consecutive days. Also SM
      HSA was found to exert antitumor activity when applied in the same manner as
      above. These results suggest that the presence of nucleic acids is not related to
      the biological and antitumor activities of the hot-water extract.

PMID- 392815
TI  - Preparing delicate alcohol-preserved insect parts for scanning electron
      microscopy.

PMID- 392814
TI  - Hemodynamic effects of the glycoprotein isolated from cell wall of Candida
      albicans.

PMID- 392816
TI  - [Reaction of oral tissues to oral implants].

PMID- 392817
TI  - [30 years of GDR--30 years of cooperation of the stomatologic-scientific
      societies in the formation of the socialist health services of the GDR].

PMID- 392818
TI  - [Prosthetic abutment preparation related to tooth shape and pulp extension].
AB  - Using a radiographic measuring technique, the authors determined the pulp-hard
      tissue ratio in 759 extracted, cariesfree, maxillary and mandibular teeth of
      exactly indicated ages. On the basis of the results obtained, recommendations are
      given for the depth of preparation of the various surfaces of the teeth as
      related to their ages. The suitability of various types of preparation for
      prosthetic abutments is discussed. For the preparation of the vestibular surface,
      the authors describe a modification of the grooving technique as yet recommended.

PMID- 392819
TI  - [Studies on the proper processing of silver-palladium casting alloys].
AB  - The internal structure and the hardness of three silver-palladium alloys (Sipal
      306, Spall WT 52, Bego Gold-EWL G) were investigated in the as-cast condition,
      after homogenization and after salt-bath hardening. From the results obtained it
      is concluded that the optimal processing conditions for Sipal 306 and Spall WT 52
      are: homogenization at 850 degrees C for more than 2 hours, and hardening at 430-
      450 degrees C for 15 minutes. The hardness values thus obtained meet the
      requirements of the type IV indication of the FDI specification no. 7; however,
      the inhomogenous structure causes a lower resistance to tarnish.

PMID- 392820
TI  - [Reconstruction of continuity after resection of the mandible].
AB  - By way of introduction, the authors deal briefly with problems resulting from a
      continuity resection of the lower jaw with regard to the patient's physiological
      functions, psychological reactions and social position. They give a short
      historical survey of the development in this field and, utilizing the pertinent
      literature, they outline the present state. In the light of their own experience,
      the authors discuss the immediate reconstruction of the lower jaw by means of
      modern osteosynthesis techniques. The reconstruction is achieved by the use of
      autoplastic and xenoplastic material, among other things, also by boiling-out and
      replanting the resected bone. In addition, results from clinical, radiographical
      and histological re-examinations are presented.

PMID- 392821
TI  - Prostaglandin I2 and indomethacin prevent impairment of post-ischemic brain
      reperfusion in the dog.
AB  - Twenty-seven heparinized dogs were exposed to 35 min of cerebrospinal fluid
      compression ischemia followed by 30 min of recirculation. The degree and
      distribution of post-ischemic reperfusion was then assessed by means of a 14C
      antipyrine autoradiographic blood flow study. The animals were assigned to 5
      groups by the administration of drugs as follows: 1) no additional drugs; 2)
      indomethacin 1.5 or 4 mg/kg prior to ischemia; 3) indomethacin 4 mg/kg 5 min
      after ischemia; 4) prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) infusion 30--180 ng/kg/min beginning 5
      min after ischemia; and 5) indomethacin 4 mg/kg 5 min after ischemia plus PGI2
      infusion 30--130 ng/kg/min beginning 5 min after ischemia. Animals receiving no
      additional drugs had relatively low post-ischemic blood flows with focal zones of
      greatly impaired reperfusion. Animals receiving either indomethacin or PGI2 after
      ischemia did not differ significantly from the no additional drug group. A
      significant enhancement of post-ischemic reperfusion occurred in animals
      receiving indomethacin prior to ischemia and those receiving the combination of
      indomethacin and PGI2 after ischemia. These observations implicate an imbalance
      in prostaglandin pathways at the blood-endothelial interface in the genesis of
      post-ischemic reflow impairment and suggest novel drug therapy for enhancing
      nutrient flow after ischemia.

PMID- 392822
TI  - [Rubber for abrasion in dentistry].

PMID- 392823
TI  - [Alleviation of natural anomalies, esthetic considerations when setting teeth in
      complete prosthesis].

PMID- 392824
TI  - [Iatrogenic factors in periodontal diseases due to inadequate removable
      construction].

PMID- 392825
TI  - [Xantopren function and its application in the fabrication of immediate total and
      partial removable prostheses].

PMID- 392826
TI  - [Dentist infection during work and his protection].

PMID- 392828
TI  - [Our first dentist--1493].

PMID- 392827
TI  - [Some errors in fabrication of Class II inlays with double impressions of Optosil
      Xantopren].

PMID- 392829
TI  - Vascular anomalies causing upper airway obstruction.

PMID- 392830
TI  - Transplantation tolerance across major histocompatibility barriers after total
      lymphoid irradiation.

PMID- 392831
TI  - Gaseous oxygen perfusion of the renal vessels as an adjunct in kidney
      preservation.
AB  - Gaseous oxygen perfusion of the stored kidney provides life-supporting renal
      function in canine kidneys damaged by 30 min of warm ischaemia followed by cold
      storage for a total of 24 hr. Other simple methods of renal preservation,
      including simple flushing and cold storage and oxygenation of the flush solution
      and the fluid surrounding the kidney during storage, did not result in consistent
      life-supporting renal function under these experimental conditions. Low pressure
      venous oxygen perfusion of the kidney produced significantly better renal
      function than arterial oxygen perfusion as measured by post-transplant creatinine
      values. This preservation technique uses apparatus readily available in hospitals
      and once instituted does not require supervision. It may have clinical
      application in cadaveric renal transplantation, particularly if the donor kidney
      has been subjected to warm ischaemia.

PMID- 392832
TI  - Extended treatment with antithymocyte globulin (ATGAM) in renal allograft
      recipients.
AB  - Twenty renal allograft recipients were treated with antithymocyte globulin
      (ATGAM; ATG) for up to 16 weeks in addition to azathioprine and prednisone, while
      20 controls received no ATG. The ATG group showed a lower incidence of first
      rejection episodes during the first month after transplantation, and also a
      better functional graft survival rate up to 2 years after transplantation. The
      results in this early ATG trial were better than those in subsequent trials which
      used 14-day treatment regimens. Longer treatment deserves another look.

PMID- 392833
TI  - Leucocyte migration inhibition test in cadaveric renal transplantation.
AB  - The leucocyte migration inhibition test has been studied in a series of 192 renal
      allograft recipients. Seventy-seven patients showed no evidence of inhibition in
      the early post-transplant course, but 31 of these demonstrated clinical evidence
      of rejection, a false-negative rate of 16%. The remaining 115 recipients all
      demonstrated inhibition, with 13 of these showing no clinical evidence of
      rejection, a false-positive rate of 6.7%. Early antirejection therapy on the
      basis of inhibition did not result in improved kidney survival when compared with
      those recipients who did not receive specific therapy until there was clinical
      evidence of rejection. The leucocyte migration inhibition test did not detect
      changes attributable to humoral factors, which probably accounts for the high
      false-negative rate, and has not proved to be sufficiently reliable to be of
      value clinically as a single test. A combination of tests designed to detect both
      humoral and cellular factors responsible for rejection deserves further study.

PMID- 392834
TI  - Retrospective and prospective studies on the effect of blood transfusions in
      renal transplantation in The Netherlands.

PMID- 392835
TI  - A rapid method for preimmunisation and grafting of mice with ear skin.
AB  - A schedule for a histocompatibility test among mice involving preimmunisation
      with ear skin is described and has been tested with the weak transplantation
      antigen H-Y in C57BL responder and C3H nonresponder strains. The transplantation
      technique was tested by autografting, and more than 99% of the operations were
      successful. The priming method reduces the survival of ear skin grafts in every
      combination tested.

PMID- 392836
TI  - Enhancement of heart allograft survival across H-2D differences.
AB  - The use of split heart allografts in the study of immunological enhancement was
      evaluated. The study revealed that, in contrast to the results with skin grafts,
      it is possible to obtain exceptional increases in the survival of heart grafts
      across differences at the H-2D end of the H-2 complex. The factors affecting
      graft survival were the age of the heart tissue used in grafting, the haplotype
      of the donor and host, the regimen of injections of antibody, and the immune
      reagent used. The data suggest that a difference exists in the mechanism by which
      anti-Ia and anti-H-2D antibodies mediate their enhancing effect.

PMID- 392838
TI  - Symptomatic coproporphyrinuria after renal transplantation.

PMID- 392837
TI  - Rejected human renal allografts: recovery and characteristics of infiltrating
      cells and antibody.
AB  - Viable infiltrating host leukocytes have been isolated from 10 rejected human
      renal allografts, removed 1 to 67 months after transplantation. The cell
      populations have been identified by surface characteristics and their cytotoxic
      capacities were assessed. A heterogenous population of cells of host origin
      accumulated in the grafts, including T and B lymphocytes, Fc+ cells, and
      macrophages. Using a 51Cr release assay, specific cytotoxicity against donor
      alloantigens was determined. Cytotoxicity of the infiltrating cells was almost
      invariably greater than cytotoxicity mounted by recipient peripheral blood
      lymphocytes. Deletion studies confirmed previous work and suggested that T cells
      were primarily responsible for cytolysis in early acute rejection; non-T cells
      more often in late chronic rejection. Antibodies eluted from the grafts
      demonstrated both specific antidonor and nonspecific activity as well as cross
      reacting anti-HLA activity. Allograft morphology was examined and cellular and
      humoral host responses were assessed. These studies emphasize the complexities of
      immune responses produced by the host against transplanted tissues.

PMID- 392839
TI  - Prolongation of male skin graft survival by female mice treated with cimetidine.

PMID- 392840
TI  - Nature of the unresponsiveness induced by cyclosporin A in rats bearing renal
      allografts.

PMID- 392841
TI  - [Hepatocyte dynamic reserve: the mechanism for the assurance of specialized
      functions in the regenerating liver].
AB  - A short review is presented of the experimental data on the interrelation between
      specialized functions and proliferative activity of cells in regenerating
      mammalian liver. Using the results of the kinetic analysis of induced cell
      proliferation makes it possible to elicit an existence of the dynamic
      redistribution of hepatocytes between "the reserve" of quiscent cells (in respect
      to the mitotic cycle) and the population of actively proliferating cells. This
      fenomen referred to as "the dynamic reserving of cells" is considered in this
      work as a possible mechanism of maintenance of the specialized functions of the
      liver during its regeneration after a partial hepatectomy.

PMID- 392842
TI  - [New measurement standard for cytofluorimetry].
AB  - New phosphor crystals, on the basis of zeolit, activated by tin (Sn), appeared to
      be a very suitable permanent fluorescent test-object for setting up microscopes,
      intructing new users and for calibrating microfluorimeters. Their properties
      provide the control of conditions of various fluorescent experiments in both
      visible and ultraviolet regions. The crystal size may vary from 1 to 100 micron
      along the facet. Spectral, polarization and fading fluorescence characteristics
      of the new crystals are described.

PMID- 392843
TI  - [Method of cell cultivation in microdishes].
AB  - A method is proposed of cell cultivation on the microscopic glass. Glass rings
      with inner diameter of 6 mm are fixed on prepared glasses. A simple of 0.2 ml
      cell suspension is poured into so-formed microcups. The cultivation is carried
      out in hermetic Petri dishes under conditions of the 5% CO2 atmospheric
      saturation at 37 degrees C.

PMID- 392844
TI  - [Severe combined immunodeficiency. Successful bone marrow transplantation from
      father to child].

PMID- 392845
TI  - [Early bone marrow transplantations in Denmark].

PMID- 392846
TI  - [Aplastic anemia treated with allogenic bone marrow transplantation. Report of 3
      cases in Denmark].

PMID- 392847
TI  - [Human bone marrow transplantation].

PMID- 392849
TI  - [In vitro methods for diagnosis and monitoring of cellular immunologic defects].

PMID- 392848
TI  - [Severe combined immunodeficiency].

PMID- 392850
TI  - [Transfusion therapy of patients with bone marrow transplants].

PMID- 392851
TI  - [Bone marrow transplantation: editorial].

PMID- 392852
TI  - [Resection of cancer of the middle segment of rectum using a new autosuture
      apparatus].

PMID- 392853
TI  - [Lysine therapy of recurrent herpes simplex labialis].

PMID- 392854
TI  - [Effect of elemental diet on chronic abdominal pain occurring after abdominal
      surgery. A controlled clinical study].

PMID- 392855
TI  - [Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, an infectious form of presenile dementia].

PMID- 392856
TI  - [Effect of alprenolol on the extent myocardial infarction assessed by serial
      determination of serum creatine kinase].

PMID- 392857
TI  - [Subcutaneous steroid hormone capsules. The future contraception?].

PMID- 392858
TI  - [Contraception with implanted gestagens].

PMID- 392859
TI  - [Tissue glue in minor skin lesions. A prospective controlled comparison between
      tissue glue and the suturing of skin minor lesions].

PMID- 392861
TI  - [A new assessment of the concept of alcoholism?].

PMID- 392860
TI  - [GM2-gangliodosis. A review of the biochemical genetic behavior].

PMID- 392862
TI  - [Bacteriological section. Value of the histologic demonstration of
      microorganisms].

PMID- 392863
TI  - [Occurrence of autoantibodies in normal subjects].

PMID- 392864
TI  - [Propranolol in treatment of hypertension in pregnancy].

PMID- 392865
TI  - [Evolution of research at the Montreal Heart Institute].

PMID- 392866
TI  - [Valve replacement: past, present and future].

PMID- 392867
TI  - [Anesthesia and cardiopathy: evolution of concepts and perspectives].

PMID- 392868
TI  - [Clinical prevention of thrombosis by antiplatelet agents].

PMID- 392869
TI  - [Cardiovascular effects of exercise and physical training in coronary disease].

PMID- 392870
TI  - [Current use of two-dimensional echocardiography in adult cardiopathies].

PMID- 392871
TI  - [Philosophy or physics. Spirit or molecules].

PMID- 392872
TI  - [Physical examinations: are they really worthwhile?].

PMID- 392873
TI  - [Oral contraceptives in women over 40].

PMID- 392874
TI  - [Controversy over subjective side effects of drugs].

PMID- 392875
TI  - [Folic acid, pregancy and the nervous system (general review)].

PMID- 392876
TI  - Intraperitoneal insulin with CAPD - an artificial pancreas.

PMID- 392877
TI  - Cardiac transplantation following mechanical circulatory support.

PMID- 392878
TI  - Clinical trials of an abdominal left ventricular assist device (ALVAD): progress
      report.

PMID- 392879
TI  - Comparative survival of 673 patients with chronic uremia treated with renal
      transplantation (RT) and maintenance hemodialysis (MD).
AB  - We performed a retrospective analysis of 673 patients with chronic uremia treated
      from 1973 through 1978. While MD had a high mortality during the first year,
      overall mortality was less than 50% in 5 yrs. Diabetics treated by MD have lower
      survival than do nondiabetics, though 14% may live for 4 yrs. Our local
      experience with RT has not been good with only 17% of 69 patients living through
      their third post-transplant year. Until the reasons(s) for our unsatisfactory
      transplant experience is discerned and remedies introduced, it can be expected
      that patient preference will be biased toward MD.

PMID- 392880
TI  - Clinical trial of maintenance sequential ultrafiltration and dialysis (UFD).
AB  - Because of its better tolerance, sequential ultrafiltration and dialysis may be
      useful for intermittent fluid removal in dialysis patients. It offers no major
      clinical benefits as a chronic form of therapy and may be deleterious for some
      parameters.

PMID- 392881
TI  - Somatomedin activity and growth hormone concentration in pediatric renal
      allograft recipients.

PMID- 392882
TI  - A surgical approach to the implantation of an artificial lung.

PMID- 392883
TI  - Procurement of hepatocytes for a hybrid artificial liver.

PMID- 392884
TI  - Panel conference: hybrid artificial organs.

PMID- 392885
TI  - The evolution of the society (presidential address).

PMID- 392886
TI  - Hydrogels for encapsulation of pancreatic islet cells.

PMID- 392887
TI  - [Thermomechanical hand injuries].

PMID- 392888
TI  - [Primary reconstructive operations in open injuries of the hand and fingers].
AB  - The experience with 1613 plastic operations is described. The use of skin plastic
      reconstruction resulted in the healing of the wound by first intention in 80,7%
      of cases.

PMID- 392889
TI  - [Treatment of animal bites].
AB  - Bite wounds made by animals make up 2% of all the injuries. The authors show
      advantages of the treatment by surgery and by putting primary and secondary
      sutures. The surgical treatment and putting the primary and secondary sutures
      added by the use of antibiotics contribute to healing the wounds by first
      intention in 84,6% of cases.

PMID- 392890
TI  - [Current problems of surgical, combined and complex treatment of malignant soft
      tissue tumors (review of the literature)].

PMID- 392892
TI  - [Soviet surgery on the 62d anniversary of the Great October Socialist
      Revolution].

PMID- 392891
TI  - [Current methods x-ray diagnosis of common bile duct calculi (review of foreign
      literature)].

PMID- 392893
TI  - [Preparation of autodermal transplants for plastic surgery].
AB  - The bacteriological examination of skin grafts prepared by V. N. Yanov's method,
      has confirmed a sufficient efficiency of such treatment of transplants for
      burried plasty.

PMID- 392894
TI  - [Thrombosis of the vena cava inferior and the right half of the heart caused by
      liver injury].

PMID- 392896
TI  - [Treatment of injuries of the heart and pericardium in a regional hospital].
AB  - Wounds of the heart and pericardium were observed in 19 patients. Four patients
      died. The main causes of death were acute blood loss, shock, tamponade of the
      heart. Urgent operations are indicated to all the patients with wounds in the
      cardiac area. The outcome of the surgery is dependent on the rapid and efficient
      operation and adequate blood supply.

PMID- 392895
TI  - [Peace-time heart injuries].
AB  - Basing on the experience of treatment of 23 patients the authors emphasize the
      importance of rendering the correct urgent aid to patients with such injuries.
      Cases of injuries of "dangerous zones" of the heart are analyzed. Postoperative
      complications in such patients are described. The conclusion is made that the
      time is a decisive factor in decreasing the mortality rate of patients with heart
      injuries.

PMID- 392897
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. B.M. Khromov].

PMID- 392898
TI  - [Naum Vladimirovich Shvarts].

PMID- 392899
TI  - [Kidney functional dynamics in eliminating vasorenal hypertension by a kidney
      autograft].
AB  - In acute and chronic experiments on 45 dogs the authors obtained vasorenal
      hypertension, the elimination of which was fulfilled by means of
      autotransplantation of the kidney without transection of the ureter. The
      dynamical study of renal function was carried out through an analysis of arterial
      blood pressure, erythropoietic activity, blood serum, reticulocytic count,
      creatinine, residual nitrogen, diuresis, radioisotopic investigation,
      chromocystoscopy at open bladder, excretory urography, aortograhy, phlebography
      and morphometric studies of the renal glomeruli.

PMID- 392900
TI  - [On the 80th birthday of Prof. Aleksandr Abramovich Lemberg].

PMID- 392901
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the methods for detecting T- and B-lymphocytes in
      swine].

PMID- 392902
TI  - [Radioimmunological determination method in virological research].

PMID- 392903
TI  - [All-Union Center of Agricultural Science (on the 50th anniversary of the V. I.
      Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences)].

PMID- 392904
TI  - [I. M. Sechenov (on the 50th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 392905
TI  - [60 special work shifts].

PMID- 392906
TI  - [Ultracytological studies of the morphogenesis and structure of the nuclear
      polyhedrosis virus in the silkworm moth, Bombyx mori L].
AB  - An electron-microscopic investigation was made on hypodermal tissues of silkworms
      spontaneously infested by nuclear polyhedral disease, due to low temperature
      stress. It was established that the polyhedral virus is formed in the viroplasma
      produced after viral cell infection, is included in the intimate and developing
      membrane singly or in fascicles containing several (up to 9) and is finally
      incapsulated in polyhedral protein. Besides viral rods, various polymorphic forms
      were observed in the nucleus and around the polyhedras in the process of
      formation, which are considered as viral substructures (or nucleocapsidless
      viruses), membrane structures and surplus synthetized polyhedral protein. It can
      be presumed that virus replication in single cell nucleus is a continuous process
      which goes on until complete nuclear structure depletion.

PMID- 392908
TI  - The "Stefan S. Nicolau" Institute of Virology on its 30th anniversary.

PMID- 392907
TI  - [Changes in the drug resistance of coliform bacteria in the digestive tract of
      poultry under the influence of antibiotics at different dosages].
AB  - Changes in drug-sensitivity of hen intestinal flora following various
      chloramphenicol, kanamycin and gentamycin dose applications to the fodder rations
      were studied under experimental conditions. Selection of resistant strains was
      observed following chloramphenicol application of "nutrient", prophylaxis and
      medicative doses as well as selection of strains resistant to 6 antibiotics
      following chloramphenical, kanamycin and gentamycin application in medicative
      doses. It was proven that some of these strains are carriers of conjugative
      plasmides possessing markers of tetracycline-, chrloamphenical-, kanamycin-,
      spectinomycin-, ampicylin- and gentamycin-resistance.

PMID- 392910
TI  - Contributions to the field of radiovirology brought in the "Stefan S. Nicolau"
      Institute of Virology.

PMID- 392909
TI  - Research on viral hepatitis performed in the "Stefan S. Nicolau" Institute of
      Virology.
AB  - The first phase of research on viral hepatitis (VH) performed in the Institute of
      Virology (1949--1967) consisted of etiopathogenic, clinico-epidemiological and
      histopathological investigations which outlined the concepts of VH plurietiology,
      of infravirus, as well as the characteristic symptomatic triad, the "age group"
      phenomenon, the clinico-morphological characteristics of sclerogenous hepatitis.
      The 2nd research phase was mainly devoted to the study of the distribution,
      properties and clinico-epidemiological correlations of HBsAg. The application of
      a modern methodology confirmed many of the previously obtained results.

PMID- 392911
TI  - Results obtained in the "Stefan S. Nicolau" Institute of Virology on the role of
      some viral and rickettsial infections in perinatal pathology.

PMID- 392912
TI  - Study of arboviruses in Romania (1958--1978). Results obtained in the "Stefan S.
      Nicolau" Institute of Virology.
AB  - The results obtained in the Institute of Virology by the study of arboviruses in
      Romania are reviewed. Isolation of tick-borne encephalitis virus and detection of
      specific serum antibodies in humans, animals and migratory birds demonstrate its
      presence on the territory of Romania. Serum antibodies could also be detected to
      other three flaviviruses (West Nile, Ntaya, dengue types 1, 2, 3), though none of
      them could be isolated in our country. However, isolation of Kemerovo and Tahyna
      viruses and detection of antibodies to these viruses as well as to Calovo virus
      draw attention to the possibility of human infections with arboviruses belonging
      to Kemerovo, California and Bunyavirus groups.

PMID- 392913
TI  - Research on respiratory virus diseases performed in the "Stefan S. Nicolau"
      Institute of Virology.
AB  - The studies on respiratory virus diseases performed for 30 years in the "Stefan
      S. Nicolau" Institute of Virology approached various aspects of the ecology of
      inlfuenza and parainfluenza viruses, adenoviruses and other respiratory viruses,
      including numerous experimental, fundamental, clinical and morphopathological
      investigations. Special attention was paid to specific influenza prophylaxis and
      to the preparation of an inactivated influenza vaccine applicable by nasal and
      oral route.

PMID- 392915
TI  - Thirty years of research on animal virus diseases performed in the "Stefan S.
      Nicolau" Institute of Virology.
AB  - The results of a 30-year research activity in the field of animal virus diseases
      performed in the "Stefan S. Nicolau" Institute of Virology are briefly reviewed.
      Investigations referred to swine pest, fowl pest, Newcastle disease, fowl pox,
      sheep pox, Aujeszky's disease, Rubarth virus, foot-and-mouth disease, chlamydial
      infections, etc. Mention is made of the preparations obtained for the specific
      prophylaxis of most of these diseases.

PMID- 392914
TI  - Studies on the infectivity of viral nucleic acids performed in the "Stefan S.
      Nicolau" Institute of Virology.
AB  - The investigations on viral nucleic acids (NA) performed in the Institute of
      Virology since 1957 refer to the infectivity of NA (RNA or DNA) from large,
      complex viruses, from RNA viruses (ECHO, MM Coxsackie, etc.), from modified
      viruses, as well as to the biological activity (oncogenicity and infectivity) of
      NA from tumors and leukemic tissues of human, murine, bovine and avian origin.
      Studies are reviewed as regards the action of physical and chemical agents on the
      behaviour of viral and cellular NA and the implications of the use of such agents
      in viral vaccine preparation are discussed.

PMID- 392916
TI  - Nicolae Cajal--60th anniversary.

PMID- 392917
TI  - [60 years of internal medicine on the anniversary of the Medical School of
      Comenius University in Bratislava].

PMID- 392918
TI  - [In memory of Dr. Ladislav Polak].

PMID- 392919
TI  - [A page from the history of health care in northern Moravia].

PMID- 392920
TI  - [Contusion lesions].

PMID- 392921
TI  - [Microsurgical technic in operations on the vessels].

PMID- 392923
TI  - [Adaptation and prepathology].

PMID- 392922
TI  - [Relationship of the degree of severity of acute radiation sickness to the
      radiation dosage in nonuniform human irradiation].

PMID- 392924
TI  - [35 years of service in medical supply to the Polish People's Forces].

PMID- 392926
TI  - [Late hemorrhages after gunshot wounds of the hip].

PMID- 392925
TI  - [Organization of rehabilitation of the wounded and sick during World War II in
      military hospitals].

PMID- 392927
TI  - [Rehabilitation of the victims of frostbite].

PMID- 392929
TI  - [Role of the scientists of the S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy in the
      development of aviation medicine].

PMID- 392928
TI  - [Use of ideomotor training against a background of relaxation in the process of
      the flight instruction of cadets].

PMID- 392930
TI  - [Soviet legislation on work protection for women].

PMID- 392931
TI  - [V. I. Lenin's concern for the health of the soldiers].

PMID- 392932
TI  - [In memoriam Sergei Romanovich Tatevosov].

PMID- 392933
TI  - [Immunity indices in rheumatism and nonrheumatic infectious allergic myocarditis
      in children].

PMID- 392934
TI  - [Further comment on the new theoretical aspects of the study of the pathogenesis
      of rheumocarditis (a reply to critics)].

PMID- 392936
TI  - [Development of public health in Rovno Province during the years of Soviet
      power].

PMID- 392935
TI  - [Generalized summary of the discussion on the data in A. M. Monaenkov's article,
      "New Theoretical Aspects of the Study of the Pathogenesis of Rheumocarditis"
      (Vopr. revmat. 1974, No. 1)].

PMID- 392937
TI  - [Analysis of a von Magnus' influenza virus population].

PMID- 392938
TI  - [Mikhail Petrovich Chumakov].

PMID- 392940
TI  - [Academician Prof. Aleksi Romanov Pukhlev].

PMID- 392939
TI  - [Genetic heterogeneity in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 392941
TI  - [Senior research worker, Petur Osmanliev, Doctor of Medical Sciences].

PMID- 392943
TI  - [Uremic poisoning, the causes and puzzles].

PMID- 392942
TI  - [Docent Borislav Tsanev, Candidate of Medical Sciences].

PMID- 392944
TI  - [Diagnostic value of the discovery of antibody-coated bacteria in chronic urinary
      infections].

PMID- 392946
TI  - Reaching "target zero." The story of smallpox eradication in India.

PMID- 392945
TI  - [Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: the present status and problems].

PMID- 392947
TI  - [Value of the direct agglutination test in serological diagnosis of
      toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 392948
TI  - [Prof. Kurt Polzer on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 392950
TI  - [Prof. E. H. Majer on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 392949
TI  - [Radionuclide cardangiography as non-invasive assessment in coronary heart
      disease (author's transl)].
AB  - The method of radionuclide cardangiography (RNCA) has become a well-established
      method amongst non-invasive assessments in coronary heart disease (CHD). By means
      of RNCA the most important parameters of left ventricular function, viz. ejection
      fraction (EF) and wall motion (WM), can be determined very exactly. The first
      bolus pass method (FBP), which allows satisfactory separation between right and
      left heart, enables the additional determination of EF distribution, stroke
      volume (SV) and SV distribution. This method requires the technical necessity of
      a multicrystal gamma camera. Special nuclear medicine characteristics have been
      worked out for different groups of CHD. EF and WM show typical signs of angina
      pectoris, caused by exercise correlating with reduced perfusion in the referring
      section of WM. While these changes may be reversible after nitrate
      administration, pathological myocardial function caused by acute myocardial
      infarction (AMI) or manifest heart failure is not reversed by nitroglycerine.
      Typical findings were seen in the course of AMI: initial decrease in global EF
      and diffuse (multilocated) asynergies in the left ventricular wall; in the second
      week possible start of recovery, including regression of dyskinesia to akinesia
      at the end of hospitalization. Especially in the early phase of AMI it was
      demonstrated that FBP--as a non-invasive technique--gives high information
      quality which is unequalled by other comparable methods. Therefore, the described
      method of FBP should be classified as very useful and effective in clinical
      cardiology.

PMID- 392951
TI  - [Acupuncture--basis, indications and limitations].

PMID- 392952
TI  - Nutrition during adolescence.

PMID- 392953
TI  - Chronic marginal vitamin C deficiency: biochemistry and pathophysiology.

PMID- 392954
TI  - Carbohydrate sweeteners: structural requirements for taste.

PMID- 392955
TI  - Milk from semi-domesticated ruminants.

PMID- 392957
TI  - Some aspects of the role of cyanogenic glycosides in nutrition.

PMID- 392956
TI  - Current knowledge on zinc, copper and chromium in aging.

PMID- 392958
TI  - An evaluation of the effect of one-day blind subculture in the initial detection
      of Salmonella typhi positive blood cultures.

PMID- 392959
TI  - Comparison of human and bovine protoporphyria.
AB  - Protoporphyria (PP) is an inherited disorder of porphyrin metabolism in man in
      which there is excessive accumulation and excretion of protoporphyrin. Recently,
      a similar disorder has been described in cattle. In this report, the clinical,
      biochemical, and genetic features of bovine and human PP are compared. Human and
      bovine PP are characterized by photosensitivity and elevation of erythrocyte and
      fecal protoporphyrin levels. In both disorders, a deficiency of heme synthase
      activity is present in all tissues which have been examined. The diseases differ
      clinically in that hepatobiliary disease has been found thus far only in human
      PP. They also have different inheritance patterns. Human PP is an autosomal
      dominant disease, while initial studies strongly suggest that there is an
      autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance in bovine PP.

PMID- 392961
TI  - Two doctors Harvey: William (1578-1657); Samuel Clark (1886-1953).

PMID- 392962
TI  - [Localization of the degradation of injected maltose].
AB  - The major maltase activity was found in the kidneys, followed by liver, muscle
      and blood. Only low maltase activity has been found in adipose tissue, muscle,
      and brain. The pH-optimum of kidney maltase was at pH = 6.0, the Michaelis-Menten
      Constant was measured to be 15.6 X 10(-3) mol/l. Even with a dose of 200 mg
      maltose/100 g body weight saturation of the hydrolysing system could not be
      attained in living rats. In nephrectomized rats the maltose oxidation was reduced
      to 55%. Only 0.2% of the applied maltose is excreted into the bile. According to
      our results the following main pathway of metabolism of maltose is suggested:
      glomerular filtration of maltose, hydrolysis of maltose to glucose by maltases
      which are localized in the membrane of the kidney brush borders, absorption of
      glucose, oxidation of glucose to CO2. In addition an extrarenal maltase activity
      is considered in the liver. The metabolism of injected trehalose was only 10%
      when compared with the metabolism of maltose.

PMID- 392963
TI  - [Basic medical study in the early 18th century. On the 300th anniversary of the
      birthday of Georg Daniel Coschwitz (1679-1729)].
AB  - The 300th anniversary of Georg Daniel Coschwitz's birthday gives rise to remember
      his engagement in the service of the Medical Faculty of Halle University. Under
      his personal initiative with the construction of an anatomical theatre an
      important institutional gap of the educational programme in Halle is closed. The
      basic study of medicine of the early 18th century is described with the help of
      the example of Halle university. In this phase the educational practices are
      vastly determined by individual activities which form the basis for later
      regulations by the state.

PMID- 392960
TI  - Risk-benefit stratification as a guide to lidocaine prophylaxis of primary
      ventricular fibrillation in acute myocardial infarction: an analytic review.
AB  - Early investigators suggested that ventricular fibrillation without heart failure
      in acute myocardial infarction was reliably preceded by warning arrhythmias, and
      that suppression of such arrhythmias with intravenous lidocaine could avoid the
      need for resuscitation. While the efficacy and safety of lidocaine have been
      substantiated, the reliability of warning arrhythmias as predictors for primary
      ventricular fibrillation has not. We present data showing that the risk of
      primary ventricular fibrillation is most dependent on the patient's age and the
      interval since the onset of his symptoms, rather than on the presence of warning
      arrhythmias. We have estimated that lidocaine prophylaxis would have to be given
      to about 12 patients in the highest risk group (patients under age 50 and within
      six hours of the onset of symptoms), compared to about 400 patients in the lowest
      risk group (patients above age 70 and more than 24 hours since the onset of
      symptoms), to prevent one episode of primary ventricular fibrillation in each
      group. We propose that these risk stratifications, as adapted to the conditions
      in specific hospitals, provide the most rational approach to lidocaine
      prophylaxis of primary ventricular fibrillation.

PMID- 392964
TI  - [Dr. Heinz Walther on his 60th birthday, 29 August 1979].

PMID- 392965
TI  - [Clinical experiences with clotrimazole in treating vaginal candidiasis].
AB  - The results of a clinical trial using Clotrimazole (Canesten) vaginal pessaries
      in the treatment of mycologically confirmed cases of vaginal candidiasis are
      presented. Treatment schedule consisted in the application of vaginal pessaries
      each containing 100 mg Clotramizole at bedtime on 6 successive days. In 68
      patients who adhered to the treatment schedule and completed the observation and
      follow-up periods an overall cure-rate of 78.4% was recorded. There were no
      adverse reactions. Treatment schedules would vary from case to case and in
      instances of reinfection a repeated course of treatment is recommended.

PMID- 392966
TI  - [Eosinophilic granulocytes in the inflammatory infiltrate in basaliomas and
      spinaliomas].
AB  - In this study the proportion of eosinophilic leukocytes was examined in fifty
      sections of basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas. With the aid of the specific
      technique of Schaefer and Fischer it was easy to identify eosinophilic
      leukocytes. The proportion of eosinophilic leukocytes was found to be smaller
      than the supposed number seen in H. E. sections. There is no significant
      difference of the number of eosinophilic leukocytes between the middle and the
      periphery of the tumor.

PMID- 392967
TI  - [Clinical experiences with a lecithin-containing oil for re-lubrication of the
      skin].

PMID- 392968
TI  - [Controlled clinical studies of a new wart medication based on fluorouracil].

PMID- 392969
TI  - [Systemic treatment of oral lichen planus with an aromatic retinoid (Ro 10
      9359)].
AB  - Experiences in the treatment of lichen planus mucosae (including the erosive
      type) are reported. Good therapeutical results could be obtained in all patients.
      Leukoplakic patches showed a partial involution and in some cases erosive
      alterations healed completely. After interruption of medication a relapse was
      observed in most cases. Concerning side effects, some patients complained in
      particular of minor dryness of both labial and nasal mucosa and of diffuse hair
      effluvium.

PMID- 392970
TI  - [Comparative study of clobetasol 17-propionate and traimcinolone acetonide].

PMID- 392971
TI  - [Testicular torsion (etiology, clinical aspects, differential diagnosis and
      therapy)].

PMID- 392972
TI  - [Treatment of psoriasis vulgaris with external sulfur mustard gas with particular
      reference to its potential carcinogenic risk. III. Clinical and experimental
      studies on the extent of percutaneous and inhalational uptake of sulfur mustard
      gas].
AB  - Concerning the often discussed carcinogenic risk of psoriasis treatment with
      0.005% S-mustard-vaseline (so-called Russian Ointment) -- especially by
      inhalation -- 19 patients were treated with a radioactive labeled S-mustard
      ointment and examined. The patients' whole bodies were inuncted for 1--2 days
      with about 50 g of radioactive S-mustard vaseline (U14C, 3 muCi/g). Afterwards
      the radioactivity was determined in the patients' expired air, blood, urine, and
      in their surrounding air. In three patients punch biopsy material from normal and
      psoriatic skin was assayed for radioactivity after combustion. In the skin,
      radioactivity distinctly decreased from the epidermis (13.1 pCi/mg) to the
      subcutis (0.77 pCi/mg) without significant differences between normal skin and
      psoriatic lesions as confirmed by autoradiography. In all samples of air, body
      fluids and tissue, definitive amounts of radioactivity were found, which,
      however, were far below the US-American MAK-values. Between skin surface and
      shirt, the values varied from 1.5 to 13.7 nCi/20 l air, at a distance of 2 meters
      by 0.3 nCi/100 l air, in the breath by 0.5 nCi/20 l. The radioactivity decreased
      to 1/10 of the maximum values after 1--2 hours. In blood the activity was at the
      limit of detection and was parallelled by the activity of the urine. Generally, 1
      -7% of the radioactivity applied to the skin was eliminated with the urine within
      one week. Thus, the carcinogenic risk may be very low in the external S-mustard
      therapy of psoriasis and other skin diseases.

PMID- 392973
TI  - [Lymphomatoid papulosis; a contribution to "rhythmic paradoxical eruptions"].

PMID- 392974
TI  - [Experience with deep-frozen fresh pig skin in the treatment of 100 burn injury
      patients].
AB  - Our report is based on the treatment of 100 extensive burns with the employment
      of fresh frozen porcine skin used as biological dressings. Our experience shows
      that fresh frozen porcine skin equals in most respects non-typed homografts. Its
      utilization is economical and it is also recommended in cases where the number of
      human donors is limited.

PMID- 392975
TI  - [New bone formation in an autologous spongy graft: an experimental morphological
      study].
AB  - Up to 5 days after an transplantation of autogenous cancellous bone in a defect
      of the ulna of dog which was stabilized by osteosynthesis no remarkable
      osteoblastic cell activity can be made out by light microscopy using the semithin
      sectioning technique. On the other hand, there is an obvious increase of
      osteogenic cells which normally only occur in small numbers in adult dog's
      cancellous bone of the iliac crest. Only after 7 days, numerous typical
      osteoblasts can be detected in association with transplanted cancellous chips,
      osteoblasts which seem to originate from the osteogenic cells by mitotic
      divisions. One week after the test's commencement, an extensive revascularisation
      of the transplant can be noticed as well. The osteoblastic cell activity and the
      forming of new bone are obviously dependent on a sufficient vascular supply in
      autogenous cancellous graft. The high osteogenic power of an autogenous
      cancellous graft is based on the ability of survival of the osteogenic cells,
      which proliferate and differentiate into osteoblasts in the course of one week,
      wherever its are close enough to functioning capillaries.

PMID- 392976
TI  - [Surgical treatment of decubitus ulcer in paraplegics].
AB  - In spite of prophylactic treatment pressure sores in para- and tetraplegics often
      occur. The pressure ulcers are mostly found in certain places. Surgical
      intervention will be eventually necessary in most cases. Surgery should include
      the radical excision of the ulcer, the removal of prominent bone areas and the
      closure of the defect. In order to avoid large scars the surgical procedure
      should not exceed a certain extent. We feel that the slide and swing method after
      Schrudde is the most efficacious because by means of this technique large scars
      and free transplants which are very sensitive postoperatively can be avoided. We
      report on a total of 128 patients with 169 pressure sores.

PMID- 392977
TI  - [Appendicitis and invagination in infants and preschool children].

PMID- 392978
TI  - "Jessee Bennett decided to operate on his wife at once".

PMID- 392979
TI  - George M. Nipe: "enthusiasm, dedication and integrity".

PMID- 392980
TI  - Byrd S. Leavell, MD.

PMID- 392981
TI  - Memoir of Edwin M. Rucker, 1907-1979.

PMID- 392982
TI  - Memoir of E. Cato Drash, 1901-1979.

PMID- 392983
TI  - [Toxic epidermal necrolysis].

PMID- 392985
TI  - [Reflections on the treatment planning and performance for patients with
      extremely severe overbite, demonstrated on a special case].

PMID- 392984
TI  - [Indirect hemagglutination reaction with Treponema antigen for the serodiagnosis
      of syphilis].

PMID- 392986
TI  - [Prof. Christian Schulze on his 65th birthday].

PMID- 392987
TI  - [Experimental study on erysipeloid arthritis in the rabbit after blockage of
      lymph drainage].
AB  - The lymph drainage was radically blocked in 29 rabbits. One to three days after
      the operation Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was inoculated subcutaneously into the
      animals. Some control animals were injected with agents of erysipelas and some
      only with the sterile solution without additional blockade of the lymph drainage.
      Light and electron microscopy as well as immuno-histological tests showed that
      the erysipelas arthritis developing in rabbits closely resembles human rheumatoid
      arthritis with exsudative-necrotising changes of the synovial membrane,
      proliferation of synovial cells and subsynovial, perivascular plasmacell, and
      lymphocyte infiltration. The changes were not intensified by the additional
      blockade of the lymph drainage, when comparing the side with lymph drainage
      blockade and the non-operated side. The results may be explained by a marked
      pathogenetic importance of the erysipelas infection in comparison to the
      relatively mild, lymphostate dependent alterations as well as by mobilisation of
      macrophages on the operated side.

PMID- 392988
TI  - [Use of the dura in the surgical treatment of bladder cancer].
AB  - It is reported on 9 patients in whom a dura graft was performed on account of a
      carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Apart from one patient who before underwent
      radiotherapy the dura healed. As to complications three times formations of
      calculi and twice rejection of larger parts of the dura were found. Indications
      to dura graft as well as its advantages and disadvantages are discussed and it is
      referred to immunological problems which are still to be clarified.

PMID- 392989
TI  - [Cystoscopy and its importance in urology].
AB  - From the enumeration of modern endoscopic methods for diagnosis and treatment of
      urological disease, the characteristics of their value and their importance for
      modern urology becomes evident that by means of these methods, the basis of which
      was created 100 years ago with the introduction of the cystoscopy, examination
      and treatment became possible in all regions of the urinary tracts. Based on
      cystoscopy a subspeciality in urology developed, which might be called endoscopic
      surgery in urology. The endoscopic treatment methods are relatively atraumatic
      and loaded with a more insignificant complication rate than the open operative
      interventions. However, they demand an exact knowledge of the indications and
      contraindications. By the great possibilities which nowadays open the modern
      methods of endoscopic diagnostics and therapy we are indebted to their inventors
      still 100 years after the detection of the cystoscope, among the inventors German
      researchers and masters play an important role.

PMID- 392990
TI  - [Ureterosigmoidostomy in 1979--the renaissance of a surgical method].

PMID- 392991
TI  - [History of methacrylates in stomatology].

PMID- 392992
TI  - [Identification of unknown persons - possibilities with stomatology and other
      considerations of dental technology].

PMID- 392993
TI  - [Special principles of ceramic bridge prostheses].

PMID- 392994
TI  - [Plastics for cast prostheses].

PMID- 392995
TI  - [Ceramic bridges].

PMID- 392996
TI  - [Materials for cast prostheses].

PMID- 392997
TI  - [Dental technology. 4. Technology of the design of partial protheses].

PMID- 392998
TI  - [Rationalization of trimming of plastic prostheses].

PMID- 392999
TI  - [Baking ceramic].

PMID- 393000
TI  - [Further improvements of scalding technic].

PMID- 393001
TI  - [Principles and possibilities of impressions for crowns and bridges. 3.
      Impressions without rings and their evaluation].

PMID- 393002
TI  - [Device for the fabrication of LAW baseplates with the deep-drawing apparatus].

PMID- 393004
TI  - [Baking ceramic].

PMID- 393003
TI  - [Hydraulic pneumatic heat polymerization of tooth-colored plastics].

PMID- 393005
TI  - [Injuries of the urinary-bladder and the urethra caused by blunt abdominal trauma
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 393006
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. 100 years ago (9)].

PMID- 393007
TI  - [Surgical treatment of cancer in the middle 3d of the esophagus].
AB  - 19 cases with carcinoma of the middle third of the oesophagus were treated by
      resection in one session by laparotomy and right thoracotomy: in two cases with
      instrumental perforation substitution of the oesophagus by stomach via the
      retrosternal route--in 15 cases resection and high intrathoracal
      oesophagogastrostomy--in 2 cases resection and colon interposition because of
      previous gastric resection. 2 patients died postoperatively. 2 patients survived
      more than 5 years. There is an indication for resection in all functionally and
      technically operable cases.

PMID- 393008
TI  - [Surgical therapy of peptic ulcer of the stomach (author's transl)].
AB  - Initially recent opinions about the etiology of the peptic ulceration of the
      stomach, diagnostical possibilities and the indication for surgical treatment are
      discussed. In view of the malignant degeneration and the increasing incidence of
      "early cancer", the 2/3 resection-method is prefered now again.

PMID- 393009
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. Louis Stromeyer].

PMID- 393010
TI  - [100 years ago (7)].

PMID- 393011
TI  - Diagnostic availability of the hemolytically active exosubstance of
      Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis for isolation and identification of
      Streptococcus agalactiae and its comparison with the beta-toxin of Staphylococcus
      aureus.

PMID- 393012
TI  - [Prognosis of the intrauterine fetal state and the probability of the occurrence
      of congenital development defects using a computer and the possibilities of their
      prevention].

PMID- 393013
TI  - [Phase transitions in model membranes under the action of PGE1 and prostacyclin].

PMID- 393014
TI  - [Reactive changes in the hypothalamus after implantation of bipolar insulated
      electrodes and electrostimulation of the adenohypophyseotropic zone].
AB  - Histological changes were studied in the hypothalamus of cats in a stereotaxic
      implantation into the middle zone of bipolar electrodes both by
      electrostimulation and without it. A wider zone of pathology is localized near
      the active surface of electrodes, around which a layer capsule is formed and
      which is surrounded externally by a zone of reactive gliosis. In conditions of
      electrostimulation quite frequently figures of mitosis of hypertrophied
      astrocytes are encountered. There is a definite increase of the neuroglial index.
      Different signs of neuron pathology of the conductive and secretory types, neuron
      fibres and synapses were found. The described changes were more intense in
      experiments of 7--15 day electrostimulation. On the 60th day the reactive
      destructive process drops, however, the morphological changes in the tissue
      elements of the hypothalamic area may be marked in all the parts. The extensive
      pathology in the midbrain develops not only due to a trauma of the hypothalamus
      during electrode implantation and electrostimulation, but most likely under the
      influence of the growing capsule as an "alien body". Owing to this factor the
      changes in the midbrain persist even during the late periods of experiments
      without electrostimulation.

PMID- 393016
TI  - [Tikhon Ivanovich Iudin (on the 100th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 393015
TI  - [Clinical significance of "empty symbolism" in pictograms].
AB  - A study of the pictogramms in 500 normals, 150 schizophrenic, 50 neurotic and 70
      patients with late sequelae of brain trauma allowed the following conclusion:
      "futile symbology" as some other disorders of thinking described in schizophrenia
      is not pathognomic for this disease. Not being symbology in the general sense of
      this word, "futile symbology" reflects a drop in motivation when accomplishing
      the tests, and a formal approach of the examinee to such testing.

PMID- 393017
TI  - [Nikolai Aleksandrovich Khromov].

PMID- 393019
TI  - [Evaluation of the results of neurorrhaphy using microsurgical and ordinary
      technics (experimental study)].
AB  - For comparative assessment of an ordinary epineural suture and neurorrhaphy with
      the use of neurosurgical techniques operations were conducted on rabbits with a
      subsequent histological examination. It was established that the granulation
      tissue containing fine collagen fibers formed more rapidly when microsurgical
      techniques were used than in the controls. Besides, the rate of growth of the
      nerve elements in the region of the anastomosis was higher and by the end of the
      study the newly formed myelin axons acquired a clear linear direction.

PMID- 393018
TI  - [Stereotaxic combined dentate-thalamotomy in the treatment of spastic
      hyperkinetic forms of subcortical dyskinesias].
AB  - The work is based on the results of operations on the cerebellar dentate nuclei
      in 92 patients. In 42 of them, combined manipulations were carried out on the
      cerebellar dentate nuclei and the diencephalic structures (relay nuclei, median
      centre, pulvinar and subthalamus). Analysis of the results showed that
      stereotaxic destruction of the ventrooral parts of the cerebellar dentate nucleus
      is a very effective surgical manipulation in various forms of spastic dyskinesia.
      A natural decrease in the spastic component of the muscular hypertonia is the
      principal clinical effect of dentatotomy. Its effect on the rigid component of
      muscular hypertension is negligible. Combined manipulations on the cerebellar
      dentate nuclei and diencephalic structures are indicated in cases with combined
      spastic conditions and hyperkinesia which cannot be corrected by dentatotomy. The
      analysis of the results of combined interventions on the nuclear structures of
      the thalamus shows that pulvinarotomy is most effective, it reduces or corrects
      hyperkinesia in infantile cerebral paralysis and, in addition, causes diminution
      of the general hypertonia, of the upper extremities before all else. Proper
      rehabilitation treatment is the decisive factor in the final outcomes of
      stereotaxic intervention on the cerebellar motor systems and on those of the
      diencephalon in spastic forms of hyperkinesia.

PMID- 393020
TI  - [Analysis of hippocampal sensory EP-changes in dependence on activation level].
AB  - Photically evoked potentials were recorded from the visual cortex (VC) as well as
      CA 1/2- and CA 4/Fascia dentata-region of the dorsal hippocampus in alert resting
      rabbits. Analysing the whole time-course of the individual hippocampal EP
      attention was focused on components corresponding in time to the late negative
      complex of the cortical EP. Enhancement of such components was seen following
      habituation to repeated flashes. These changes occurred concerning components in
      the CA 4/FD-record with shorter latency. The duration and peak latency, however,
      was longer in CA 4/FD than in the other records. During stimulation of the medial
      septal nucleus a diminution of late EP-components was seen in the visual cortex
      and less pronounced in the hippocampus. The time-course of the changes was almost
      the same in VC and CA 4/FD, whereas in CA 1/2 later components were affected. RF
      stimulation caused very similar changes, while those in hippocampal EP's were
      extended up to later components. Whereas the time range of changes in the
      hippocampal EP's to all influences under investigation was almost the same, in
      the VC by RF-stimulation in contrast to habituation components with shorter
      latencies were affected. In this way it is supposed that for the VC different
      processes are affected by the three influences, while this could not be
      established for the hippocampus.

PMID- 393021
TI  - Twenty years after discovery of interferon: the progress and the persistent
      problems.

PMID- 393022
TI  - Translation of messenger-RNA for interferon by bacterial cells and properties of
      interferon obtained.

PMID- 393023
TI  - Modification of immune response by influenza virus.

PMID- 393025
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the rectum. Introduction].

PMID- 393024
TI  - [Repeated perforations of the small intestine in muscular agenesis in a newborn
      infant. Apropos of a case. Review of literature].
AB  - A rare case of intestinal muscular layers agenesis is described. Ten other cases
      were founded in the literature and are briefly reported. Association of ischemia
      and congenital abnormality of the muscular layers is probably the cause of the
      perforation. Prognosis is very bad: all the children with clinical symptoms
      (occlusion or perforation) died.

PMID- 393026
TI  - [Mechanical suture during resection of the rectum through the abdomen (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A mechanical suture using the URSS PKZ 28 or SPTU stapler was used in 30 low colo
      rectal anastomoses. There were two deaths related to anastomotic complications.
      It is safe to establish a colostomy when the colon is not well prepared. Fistulae
      are frequent after palliative operations: this is a poor indication. Local
      recurrences are no more frequent with stapling than with manual suture.

PMID- 393027
TI  - Effect of preoperative administration of oxytetracycline and neomycin on the
      development of local tumour recurrences in cases of cancer coli-recti.
AB  - In the available literature some evidence has been shown, implying that
      antibiotic prophylaxis in connection with colorectal surgery might increase the
      frequency of local recurrences of the carcinoma. 134 patients undergoing elective
      curative surgery of the large bowel have been followed for 20-52 months. 66
      patients had been pretreated with Enterobiotic; 68 patients were controls. In our
      study, we found no difference between the pretreated and non-pretreated group
      concerning the frequency of anastomotic suture line recurrences or other types of
      local recurrences in the operation field.

PMID- 393029
TI  - A review of ten years hypertension research.

PMID- 393028
TI  - Controversies in the treatment of hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 393030
TI  - [The artificial pancreas: balance of its first years of clinical use].

PMID- 393031
TI  - Percutaneous transperitoneal aspiration of pancreas guided by ultrasound:
      morphologic and cytochemical appearance of normal and malignant cells.
AB  - A pancreatic aspirate was obtained by fine needle biopsy guided by ultrasound in
      a patient clinically suspected of having a pancreatic malignancy. The
      cytomorphologic features of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma are described and
      illustrated. Comparison is made between the carcinoma and normal pancreatic
      cells. PAS-Trichrome stain is described as a useful cytochemical technique to
      properly identify normal acinar and islet cells.

PMID- 393032
TI  - A simple apparatus and a novel method of cell collection for combined light
      microscopic and scanning electron microscopic exfoliative cytology.

PMID- 393033
TI  - Striae cutis atrophicae. Morphokinetic examinations in vitro.
AB  - The in vitro behaviour of fibroblasts and epidermis cells taken from recently
      developed striae distensae was studied in morphokinetic examinations in the cell
      culture and the results were discussed. The findings give rise to the assumption
      that the antianabolous effects of the adrenocorticotrophic hormones do not only
      indirectly cause the atrophia of the epidermis by decrease of the elasticity of
      the connective tissue, but it appears that primarily epidermis and corium are
      simultaneously involved in the pathomechanisms of these alterations by
      irreversible cellular damage.

PMID- 393034
TI  - Pagetoid reticulosis. A further case report with a review of the literature.
AB  - A further case of pagetoid reticulosis (PR) was studied, and the findings were
      compared with 18 previous case reports in the literature. There seem to be two
      variants: The generalized type (Ketron-Goodman) with disseminated lesions and a
      poor prognosis, and the localized type (Woringer-Kolopp), with a single lesion
      usually located on the extremities with a good prognosis (if the lesion can be
      totally cleared by excision or highdose-radiation). The basic criterion of
      diagnosis is a very strong cellular infiltrate within the epidermis, but usually
      weak in the upper dermis. The etiology of PR remains unclear: In some cases a T
      cell lymphoma seems a likely interpretation. In others, epidermal infiltrating
      cells are not typically lymphoid, but remain morphologically unclassifiable.

PMID- 393035
TI  - Oral retinoid for psoriasis. A report of a double blind study.
AB  - Oral administration of an aromatic retinoid has a marked beneficial effect on
      psoriasis and does not produce significant changes in liver function or the blood
      count when given at a dose of 25 mgm three times a day for six weeks. This effect
      does not occur unless the drug has produced dermatological side-effects and this
      may inhibit its future acceptance but the present findings indicate that, at
      least in the less developed parts of the world where many Western treatments are
      unacceptable for various reasons, oral retinoids are a useful and relatively safe
      addition to the present range of medications available for psoriasis.

PMID- 393037
TI  - Pre-pin-point papules. Changes preceding pin-point lesions of psoriasis.
AB  - Skin areas of 10X10 cm were marked out and closely observed during 14 days in 22
      patients with active and 18 cases with less active psoriasis. The first changes -
      minute papules, slightly erythematous, almost flush with the skin (pre-pin-point
      papules) appeared within this period and transformed after several days into pin
      point lesions. Histological examinations performed in 25 pre-pin-point and 10 pin
      point papules, as well as cytochemical studies have shown significant
      differences. In the pre-pin-point papules inflammatory infiltrates were in a
      great part polymorphonuclear, and the epidermis had no features characteristic of
      psoriasis. The performed studies have shown that the earliest changes preceding
      the appearance of spontaneous psoriatic papules are very much like those of
      provoked Koebner phenomenon.

PMID- 393036
TI  - Topical methoxsalen photochemotherapy in the treatment of palmoplantar pustulosis
      and psoriasis.
AB  - Topical methoxsalen photochemotherapy has been assessed in 22 patients suffering
      from recalcitrant palmoplantar pustulosis or psoriasis predominantly involving
      the hands and feet. Although 20 out of 22 patients improved and good results were
      obtained in exactly half of those treated, only 4 patients were classified as
      being "clear" or "minimally involved" at the end of 12 weeks. Two patients have
      shown no improvement at all. Minor local side effects were relatively common and
      included symptomatic erythema, blistering and local pigmentation. The
      histological findings in post PUVA treated skin are discussed and the pros and
      cons of topical photochemotherapy in this group of diseases is reviewed.

PMID- 393038
TI  - Curriculum vitae and writings: Niels Hjorth.

PMID- 393039
TI  - Lichen planus and bullous pemphigoid.
AB  - A patient is described who had clinical and histopathological features of lichen
      planus and bullous pemphigoid; deposits of in vivo bound C3 at the basement
      membrane zone, which, at the electron microscopy level, were deposited in the
      lamina lucida; and with circulating IgG antibasement membrane zone antibodies
      which exhibited a pronounced C3 binding capacity. The similarity of our case to
      others described in the literature suggests that bullous lichen planus in fact
      represents the coexistence of two distinct diseases, namely lichen planus and
      bullous pemphigoid.

PMID- 393040
TI  - Binding sites for endotoxic lipopolysaccharide on the plasma membrane of isolated
      rabbit hepatocytes.
AB  - The in vitro fixation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the plasma
      membrane of mechanically or enzymatically isolated hepatocytes from rabbits was
      studied by immunofluorescence technique. Antisera against LPS from E. coli 026:B6
      and 0111:B4 were induced in rabbits. Antibody titers up to 1:1024 were determined
      by the passive hemagglutination test. There was no immunologic cross reactivity
      between the two antisera. IgG and IgM were prepared from anti-LPS as well as from
      normal rabbit serum and conjugated with fluorescein-isothiocyanate. The antibody
      activity against LPS was localized in the IgM fraction. Hepatocytes were isolated
      by a perfusion technique without enzymes and with collagenase. LPS binding to the
      hepatocellular plasma membrane increased proportionally with the LPS
      concentration in a range between 0.01 and 1.0 mg per ml. The fluorescence pattern
      of the membrane fixed IgM anti-LPS-antibody at the surface of LPS coated
      hepatocytes was coarse granular. The in vitro reaction of LPS with hepatocytes
      was not influenced by the presence of complement. The demonstration of binding
      sites for LPS on the hepatocellular plasma membrane supports the hypothesis that
      not only Kupffer cells but also parenchymal liver cells are involved in the
      hepatic clearance activity for endotoxin.

PMID- 393041
TI  - The effect of salbutamol and propranolol on pentagastrin, histamine and meal
      stimulated acid and pepsin secretion in the dog.
AB  - The beta 2 adrenergic agonist Salbutamol was infused intravenously in doses of
      0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 microgram/kg-min in conscious dogs with gastric fistulae.
      Salbutamol inhibited meal-stimulated acid (measured with intragastric titration)
      by up to 82%. Salbutamol produced dose-related inhibition of acid stimulated by
      pentagastrin (up to 88%) and by histamine (up to 52%). Pepsin secretion in
      response to histamine (but not pentagastrin) was also inhibited by salbutamol.
      The salbutamol infusion caused a marked tachycardia, an increase in pulse
      pressure, slight hyperkalaemia and hyperglycaemia. The beta-adrenergic antagonist
      propranolol augmented pentagastrin-stimulated acid and inhibited meal-stimulated
      secretion. Propranolol abolished salbutamol - induced tachycardia, and blocked
      the inhibition by salbutamol of pentagastrin-stimulated acid. Salbutamol
      inhibition of acid in the dog provides further support for the hypothesis that
      there are beta 2-adrenergic receptors in the stomach.

PMID- 393043
TI  - Council on Accreditation of Educational Programs of Nurse Anesthesia: list of
      recognized educational programs/w/revisions (current status as of October, 1979).

PMID- 393042
TI  - Nepresol in the treatment of hypertension of major severity.
AB  - Fifty patients with arterial hypertension of various causes were treated with a
      combination consisting of Nepresol, a beta-adrenergic receptor-blocking agent and
      a diuretic. Duration of treatment ranged between 3 months and 5 years. A
      significant reduction of blood pressure was attained in all of the cases, with a
      return of the values to the normal range in a high proportion of the patients.
      The renal function did not deteriorate during therapy, but owing to potassium
      loss regular potassium replacement was required in the majority of the cases.
      Allergic reactions appeared in two cases. Neither SLE nor rheumatoid arthritis
      was encountered. Positive ANF reaction and a significant elevation of the Rose
      Waaler titre were demonstrated in a number of cases. The benefits as well as the
      hazards of the therapeutic use of hydrazine derivatives are pointed out.

PMID- 393044
TI  - Problems of body structure and size of the hypophysis.
AB  - The size of the hypophysis, especially of the anterior lobe, is related to body
      size while the nervous lobe is related to the brain weight. The anterior lobe of
      the hypophysis in domestic animals is smaller than that of their ancestors in the
      wild. The proportions of the body, the distribution of bulk, as they appear in
      different races--whippets and bulldogs--are related to the size of the anterior
      lobe. Same body weight implies that the anterior lobe is nearly twice as large in
      animals with a compact body structure. These intraspecific results can also be
      shown interspecificly by comparing the species of African Bovidae. Independent of
      the influence of body size, the subfamilies Alcelaphinae and Hippotraginae
      possess a larger anterior lobe. A tendency can be shown for a relation to body
      structure as short-legged species living on marshy grounds (Kobus) or soft sands
      (Addax) have larger anterior lobes.

PMID- 393045
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Kozo Takagi (1892-1979)].

PMID- 393046
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Ozuna Takeya (1890-1978)].

PMID- 393047
TI  - Clonidine in prophylaxis of migraine.
AB  - Various drugs have been used in migraine to bring down the frequency of attacks.
      Recently clonidine hydrochloride, an antihypertensive agent, has been reported to
      be effective. The mechanism of action of this drug is not clear, but it is
      thought to act through its effect on tyramine metabolism. A double-blind cross
      over trial using clonidine and identical-looking placebo tablets was carried out
      in 20 patients of migraine. There was no statistically significant difference
      between clonidine and the placebo in reducing the frequency of attacks, as
      evaluated by the non-parameteric test of Wilcoxon. No side effects of clonidine
      were observed.

PMID- 393048
TI  - Pituitary responsiveness to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone during
      treatment with subdermal D-norgestrel implants in women.
AB  - It has previously been reported that subdermal implants containing d-norgestrel
      inhibit ovulation through blockage of the positive feedback action of estrogen on
      luteinizing hormone (LH) release. In this study 100 micrograms of LH-releasing
      hormone (LRH) were injected intravenously to test the pituitary reserve capacity
      for gonadotrophin secretion in three women with three 40 mg d-norgestrel rods
      implanted subdermally for more than one year. The gonadotrophin release to LRH
      varied and seemed related to the ovarian steroid concentrations at the time of
      the LRH infusion in a manner similar to that seen during the normal menstrual
      cycle. It is concluded that low plasma levels of d-norgestreol do not inhibit the
      pituitary responsiveness to LRH. The results indicate that the blocking action of
      the gestagen on the positive feedback of estradiol on LH release occurs at the
      hypothalamus or higher CNS centers.

PMID- 393049
TI  - Fertility regulation using "triphasic" administration of ethinyl estradiol and
      levonorgestrel in comparison with the 30 plus 150 micrograms fixed dose regime.

PMID- 393050
TI  - Ovulation inhibition with different doses of levonorgestrel and other
      progestogens: clinical and experimental investigations.

PMID- 393051
TI  - Bacteria beneath composite restorations--a culturing and histobacteriological
      study.
AB  - The occurrence, viability and identification of the microbial flora under
      composite fillings using an anaerobic technique were studied. Class V cavities
      were prepared on clinically healthy buccal surfaces of 7 contralateral pairs of
      premolars in children 11--15 years of age. After preparation, rubber dam was
      applied and one cavity in each pair of teeth was washed with water blasted dry
      with air and filled with Adaptic. The other cavity was washed with a cavity
      cleaner (Tubulicid) and a cavity liner (Tubulitec) was applicated prior to
      filling with Adaptic. The teeth were extracted after 4--6 weeks. Under anerobic
      conditions the tooth crown was split. From one half samples were taken from the
      pulpal wall under the filling and cultured on blood agar and in broth medium. The
      other half was examined with histobacteriological technique. No growth occurred
      in cultures from lined cavities but in 6 of the 7 unlined cavities. Full
      agreement was observed between the findings from the culturing and
      histobacteriological examinations concerning presence or absence of
      microorganisms at the pulpal wall in all 14 teeth. The flora was mixed. Gram
      positive bacteria, mainly Streptococcus and Actinomyces, dominated over gram
      negative bacteria including Veillonella, Fusobacterium, Campylobacter and
      Selenomonas. The composition of the flora was more similar to that observed in
      dental plaque than that found in carious dentin or in saliva in other studies.

PMID- 393052
TI  - The protrusions from the cervical canal at the scar of a previous cesarean
      section.
AB  - By comparing the condition of the cervix at the time of a cesarean section with
      the findings at subsequent hysterography in 68 patients, it is considered likely
      that the thickness of the scar depends primarily on the thickness of the lower
      uterine segment at the time of the section and on the site of the incision. The
      prognostic significance of these findings is discussed on the basis of a
      theoretical approach to the development at or near the scar of previous cesarean
      section.

PMID- 393053
TI  - Bromocriptine treatment of the premenstrual syndrome.
AB  - Bromocriptine, 2.5 mg twice a day was tested for its effect on premenstrual
      tension in a random double-blind cross-over trial. 1. The compound tended to
      lessen the symptoms, especially mastodynia. 2. Serum prolactin levels around the
      upper limit of the normal range were significantly lowered. Patients with the
      highest starting prolaction levels had the most severe symptoms and in these
      patients the fall in the levels was greatest. 3. Serum FSH and LH levels were
      significantly reciprocally influenced compared with serum prolactin. Serum
      estradiol-17-beta and progesterone did not change during treatment. 4. The
      bromocriptine-treated cycles were all ovulatory according to basal temperature
      levels. The luteal phase was prolonged when serum FSH was raised.

PMID- 393054
TI  - Mixed wife-husband leukocyte migration inhibition test after normal pregnancy.
AB  - The leukocyte migration inhibition test was performed in mixed wife-husband
      leukocyte suspensions in 11 cases of normal pregancy. Migration of leukocytes was
      significantly inhibited in the presence of paternal, as compared to maternal
      serum.

PMID- 393055
TI  - Etidocaine and lidocaine in ophthalmic surgery. Short communication.

PMID- 393056
TI  - Corneal transplantation and HLA histocompatibility. A preliminary communication.
AB  - A series of 222 cases of 7 mm penetrating corneal grafts were analysed with
      respect to the influence of HLA compatibility. The degree of compatibility was
      random as no matching was done (HLA types unknown at time of operation).
      Consequently, most of the cases showed 3 or 4 incompatibilities. The series was
      divided into seven diagnostic groups (keratoconus, herpetic keratitis, non
      herpetic keratitis, stromal dystrophy, endothelial dystrophy, mechanical lesion
      and corrosion). In all groups there was a tendency towards better results among
      the compatible transplantation, but only when considering the entire series could
      statistical significance be demonstrated. The groups of 0--2 incompatibilities
      showed fewer rejection episodes or opaque grafts than the groups of 3 or 4
      incompatibilities (chi 2 = 9.20, P less than 0.005). Comparing only the frequency
      of opaque grafts among the two groups the correlation was less significant (chi 2
      = 3.66, P similar to 0.05).

PMID- 393057
TI  - Anterior segment fluorescein angiography in inflammatory diseases of the cornea.
AB  - To study the vascular changes in inflammatory diseases of the cornea 22 patients
      with various corneal inflammations were examined by means of anterior segment
      fluorescein angiography. Simple avascular central and marginal corneal ulcers
      stained with fluorescein in the late phase of angiography. An inflamed limbus and
      an early microscopic pannus adjacent to the ulcer were seeen in simple corneal
      ulcers. Progressive pannus with pronounced fluorescein leakage was observed in
      chronic corneal ulcer, disciform keratitis, Mooren's ulcer, and complicated acute
      keratoconus. In sclerokeratouveitis and in gutter associated with rheumatoid
      arthritis the corneal vessels showed less leakage. The iris vessels showed
      fluorescein leakage as a sign of irritative iritis during the active stage of
      simple and chronic corneal ulcers, in disciform keratitis, Mooren's ulcer, and in
      graft rejection. It is concluded that anterior segment fluorescein angiography
      gives valuable information of the vascular architecture, flow and leakage in
      inflammatory diseases of the cornea.

PMID- 393058
TI  - Effects of corneal preservation, donor age, cadaver time and postoperative period
      on the graft endothelium. A specular microscopic study.
AB  - The endothelia of 102 clear human corneal grafts in 95 patients were photographed
      in vivo with a specular microscope. The endothelial cell densities of the grafts
      were counted from a area of 0.01 mm2. The follow-up period averaged three years.
      The patients' ages ranged from 16 to 77 years and that of the donors from 8 to 89
      years. The average endothelial cell density for all 102 transplants was 1169 +/-
      478 cells/mm2. Corneal transplants stored in MK medium (N = 19) have more cells
      than cryopreserved grafts (N = 42) or grafts stored in the moist chamber (N =
      41); this last group was used as control material. The differences in cell
      densities were statistically significant. The cell density of cryopreserved
      grafts was significantly higher than in grafts stored in moist chamber. Only in
      those grafts in which moist chamber storage had been used was endothelial cell
      density dependent on time of storage. With an increase in cadaver time (time from
      death to enucleation), the endothelial cell density of the graft decreased. An
      inverse correlation was found between the cell density of the graft and donor
      age. Good results were still found with healthy donors over 60 years. The
      endothelial cell density of the grafts showed a steady decrease during the long
      term post-operative period, the rate of cell loss being much higher in graft
      endothelium than in normal endothelium during ageing.

PMID- 393059
TI  - The specular microscopic appearance of corneal graft endothelium during an acute
      rejection episode. A case report.
AB  - The specular microscopic appearance of a graft endothelium during a successfully
      treated acute endothelial rejection episode is reported. Coinciding with the
      increased thickness of the graft great disturbance in cellular morphology was
      observed. Individual cells were seen to appear swollen or to show bright
      intracellular areas. Also abnormalities with respect to cellular intersections
      were seen with the occurrence of junctional complexes at which more than three
      cells met. The significance of these abnormalities is discussed. The
      morphological changes subsided gradually as the graft cleared and the thickness
      decreased. This study examplifies the value of the non-contact specular
      microscopic technique which enables a thorough study of the diseased corneal
      endothelium without traumatizing the cornea and interfering with subsequent
      specular microscopic examinations.

PMID- 393060
TI  - The osteogenic capacity of free periosteal and osteoperiosteal grafts. A
      comparative study in growing rabbits.
AB  - The behaviour of free periosteal and 200 micron thick osteoperiosteal grafts was
      studied histologically in 40 six-week-old rabbits. The grafts were taken from the
      tibia and fixed on either side of the same lumbar vertebra between the spinous
      and mamillary processes. The free stripped periosteum had better osteogenic
      activity than the 200 micron thick osteoperiosteum. The new bone was formed by
      the osteogenic cells of the cambium layer in both types of graft.

PMID- 393061
TI  - Ketotic hypoglycemia of childhood--a clinical trial of several unifying
      etiological hypotheses.
AB  - We have studied 15 children referred to St. Goran's Children's Hospital because
      of suspected ketotic hypoglycemia. The patients were investigated according to a
      program designed to test several hypotheses--old and new--postulated to explain
      the etiology of ketotic hypoglycemia. We have used the classical ketogenic
      provocation with a low calorie, high fat diet and measured the blood levels of
      several substrates and hormones as well as the urinary excretion of certain
      metabolites and hormones. Out of the 15 children, 6 will fill the criteria of
      ketotic hypoglycemia at the time of study. The most remarkable finding in these 6
      children in contrast to the other children studied was that they did not decrease
      their peripheral glucose utilization (measured as Kg) during starvation. These 6
      children seemed to be more "advanced" in their adaptation to ketogenic diet in
      all other parameters studied. The children with ketotic hypoglycemia did not
      differ from the other children in plasma level of cortisol or urinary excretion
      of nitrogen, urea, 3-methylstidine and catecholamines. We favour the concept that
      the children with ketotic hypoglycemia represent the tail of the gaussian curve
      in the normal age-dependent development of the adaptation to starvation.

PMID- 393063
TI  - Umbilical artery catheterization in newborns. II. Infections in relation to
      catheterization.
AB  - Infections, as a complication of umbilical artery catheterization, were studied
      in 65 sick newborn infants. Every second day during the catheterization period
      peripheral blood cultures as well as blood samples for white cell count and
      platelets were taken. Cultures were taken from the catheter tips and from the
      umbilicus at the time of withdrawal of the catheter. Local or systemic
      antibiotics were not used prophylactically, but on rather broad clinical
      indications. No case of septicemia was found, but 8 infants had positive blood
      cultures and 16 had positive catheter tip cultures. Positive catheter tip culture
      occurred more often in infants who were born before 32 weeks of gestational age.
      Neither the duration of the catheterization nor the treatment with antibiotics
      influenced significantly the frequency of positive cultures.

PMID- 393062
TI  - A prospective study of urinary proteins in early infancy.
AB  - Urinary concentrations of protein, albumin, beta 2-microglobulin, alpha-amino
      nitrogen, and creatinine were determined in forty-one full-term infants on seven
      occasions up to six months of age. Except for beta 2-microglobulin the
      concentrations were highest on the first day, followed by a rapid decrease to a
      constant level within two weeks. Protein diminished approximately seven-fold,
      albumin twenty-fold, alpha-amino nitrogen three-fold and creatinine five-fold. By
      contrast, beta 2-microglobulin, a low molecular weight protein, first increased
      three-fold between day 1 and day 5, thereafter decreasing slowly 17-fold during
      the first three months of age. The data indicate that different kidney functions
      mature asynchronously.

PMID- 393064
TI  - Gastric emptying in preterm infants.
AB  - The gastric emptying of meals of human milk and infant formula was studied in 11
      healthy preterm (AGA) infants at a postnatal age of 1-9 weeks corresponding to 33
      38 weeks of gestational age. A total of 30 studies were performing using a marker
      dilution technique. Gastric emptying of meals of human milk followed a biphasic
      emptying pattern with an initial fast phase. In about 25 min half of the meal had
      left the stomach. The emptying of meals of adapted infant formula usually
      followed a linear pattern and half the meal had left the stomach after 51 min.
      After one hour an average of 24.8 ml of human milk and 19.2 ml of infant formula
      had left the stomach.

PMID- 393065
TI  - [The temporary and the permanent in child and adolescent psychiatry].

PMID- 393066
TI  - [Death of the mother? Mothers not sufficiently good? Fathers? Some reflections on
      three families of two children who are in treatment at the Hopital de Jour (first
      part)].

PMID- 393067
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations of behavior therapy in child psychiatry].

PMID- 393068
TI  - The teaching of child mental health.

PMID- 393069
TI  - Persistence of childhood behavior characteristics: reliability of the findings.

PMID- 393070
TI  - Glomerular immune deposits in kidneys from patients with no clinical or light
      microscopic evidence of glomerulonephritis. Assessment of the influence of
      autolysis on identification of immunoglobulins and complement.
AB  - Using a direct fluorescent staining technique, immunofluorescent microscopy (IFM)
      demonstrated glomerular deposits of IgG and IgM and/or fractions of complement in
      kidney tissue from 24% of 33 patients examined post mortem and in 39% of kidney
      biopsies obtained from 23 patients on lithium treatment. All the patients
      investigated had a normal blood pressure. There was no evidence of
      glomerulonephritis (GN) neither clinically, at light microscopy, nor on
      laboratory investigation. These "spontaneously" deposited immunoglobulins and
      complement fractions in glomeruli will obviously by demonstrated in kidney
      biopsies from patients with GN, even though they bear no relation to the disease.
      This will therefore preclude an immunopathological classification which relates
      to histological and clinical findings. A control study of the IFM findings in
      glomeruli on 13 surgically removed kidneys showed optimal identification and no
      further glomerular deposition of immunoglobulins during the 72 hours following
      nephrectomy, at temperatures below 10 degrees C. Clq and C3 were less stable and
      were only demonstrated with certainty up to 24 hours after nephrectomy.

PMID- 393071
TI  - Immune deposits in human glomerulopathy. Fluorescent microscopy findings in 366
      kidney biopsies correlated to symptoms, clinical course and immunosuppressive
      therapy.
AB  - 366 kidney biopsies from 339 patients, 290 of which were classified on combined
      light microscopy (LM) and clinical criteria as glomerulonephritis (GN) and 49 as
      non-glomerulonephritis nephropathy, were examined by immunofluorescent microscopy
      (IFM) without knowledge of the clinical or LM findings at the time of
      examination. The IFM findings in the glomeruli were correlated to (l) the LM
      diagnosis, (2) the clinical symptoms, (3) the clinical course, and (4) the effect
      of immunosuppressive treatment. A few IFM results were found to correlate
      significantly with the LM diagnosis and clinical symptoms, but not to the effect
      of immunosuppressive treatment. It was impossible using IFM alone to group
      patients into any specific categories with uniform symptomatology and prognosis.
      Defined by IFM "immune complex nephritis" was demonstrated in 72%, and linear
      nephritis was found in 2% of the patients with GN. IgA occurred more frequently
      in GN secondary to systemic disease, particularly in SLE (60%) and HSP (88%). IgA
      was demonstrated in only 10% of patients with nonglomerulonephritic nephropathy.
      Demonstration of IgA is therefore a good indicator for corroborating the LM
      diagnoses of GN. Demonstration of IgG and/or IgM in GN was not found to be
      sufficient evidence for GN because these deposits also appeared in 40% of
      patients with non-glomerulonephritic nephropathy. An immunopathological
      classification based solely on glomerular deposits of immunoglobulin/C3 appears
      to have no practical importance. The demonstration of glomerular deposits of
      immunoglobulin/C3, however, showed to be a necessary supplement to clinical and
      morphological findings in some instances, in order to attain practical diagnostic
      boundaries within the very ill-defined concept which today constitutes GN.

PMID- 393072
TI  - Hepatic changes in late canine endotoxin shock. A light and electron microscopic
      investigation.
AB  - The patho-morphological lesions in the liver in late stages of canine endotoxin
      shock were studied by light and electron microscopy. Light microscopic lesions
      included sinusoidal dilatations, with accumulation of red cells and leucocytes,
      varying damage of the sinusoidal lining, microthrombi and widening of the space
      of Disse. Necrotic foci were in some cases recognized within a varying number of
      lobuli, at times in the centrilobular areas. Electron microscopy revealed severe
      hepatocytic damage. These lesions included formation of blebs and other surface
      protrusions corresponding to cytoplasmic ecdysis. The resulting cytoplasmic
      fragments seemed frequently to enter the sinusoids. It is suggested that the
      severe disturbances observed in the proteolytic enzyme systems of plasma during
      endotoxin shock are influenced by the hepatic parenchymal changes observed.

PMID- 393073
TI  - Mitotic activity and delay in fixation of tumour tissue. The influence of delay
      in fixation on mitotic activity of a human osteogenic sarcoma grown in athymic
      nude mice.
AB  - The purpose of the present investigation was to study the effect of delay in
      fixation on the mitotic activity in tumour tissue. A human osteogenic sarcoma,
      especially suitable for counting of mitoses, grown in athymic nude mice, was
      fixed with varying delay and the mitotic, prophase, metaphase and ana-telophase
      indices were determined. An almost exponential decline of the mitotic index was
      observed with a reduction to 49.4% and 15.0% after respectively 60 and 180
      minutes. The proportional incidence of prophases, metaphases and ana-telophases
      changed so that a relative accummulation of advanced phases occured during the
      180 minutes of observation. It is concluded that delay in fixation of a
      magnitude, which is not uncommon in routine surgical pathology, may allow the
      majority of mitoses to terminate, resulting in unreliable assessments of mitotic
      activity.

PMID- 393074
TI  - Rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae. II. Use of a beta-glucuronidase
      detecting agar medium (PGUA agar) for the identification of E. coli in primary
      cultures of urine samples.
AB  - beta-glucuronidase activity is an exclusive characteristic of E. Coli and some
      shigellae among Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. An agar medium (PGUA agar)
      which permits the detection of bacteria with beta-glucuronidase activity in mixed
      cultures was evaluated as a primary culture medium for clinical samples of urine.
      The medium was selective for enterobacteria and yielded significantly higher
      recoveries than MacConkey agar. Based on the examination of 3,460 urine samples,
      it was found that the use of the PGUA agar has several advantages over
      conventional methods: 1) 94% of all E. coli cultures could be identified on the
      basis of their appearance on the primary plates; 2) The use of the PGUA method
      did not result in any misidentidications as compared to 1% of cultured
      misidentified by the conventional procedure; 3) Approximately one-half of the
      urine samples which contained E. coli as the sole organism could be reported
      following the reading of primary culture plates; 4) The application of the PGUA
      medium resulted in a 46% reduction in the cost of media employed and a 67%
      reduction in the time required for the processing of urine samples.

PMID- 393075
TI  - Group L streptococci as the cause of bacteraemia and endocarditis. A case report.
AB  - A beta-haemolytic streptococcus was isolated from multiple blood cultures in a 56
      year-old woman suffering from thrombophlebitis in a leg and from a 42-year-old
      man with endocarditis. Both strains were identified as group L streptococci by
      precipitation testing. Initially they were identified as group A streptococci on
      the basis of cultural characteristics, bacitracin sensitivity and fluorescent
      staining with an anti-group A conjugate. The two cases are an addition to the few
      existing reports on proved infection in humans by group L streptococci.

PMID- 393076
TI  - Acute and subacute effects of diazepam on psychomotor skills: interaction with
      alcohol.
AB  - Effects of diazepam and alcohol on psychomotor skills were measured in two
      trials. In the first one, 200 healthy students volunteered for a double-blind
      single-dose study. Three doses of diazepam (5, 10 and 20 mg) and alcohol (0.5,
      0.8 and 1.2 g/kg) were used alone and combined to construct dose-response graphs.
      All doses of alcohol impaired divided attention while co-ordinative skills were
      impaired by the 1.2 g/kg dose. Diazepam alone did not impair reactive or co
      ordinative skills whereas the combinations of diazepam and alcohol did so. To
      further elucidate the subactue effects, a double-blind randomized study was
      conducted administering 2 and 10 mg of diazepam t.i.d. for two weeks to 18
      healthy volunteers. The psychomotor tests were performed on the 7th and 14th days
      of drug administration, and 0.5 g/kg of alcohol was given on either day. Diazepam
      2 mg, alone or with alcohol, did not differ from placebo. 10 mg of diazepam
      slightly increased reaction times but not reaction mistakes, and impaired both co
      ordination and attention. Alcohol did not enhance diazepam effects. We suggest
      that a development of tolerance to diazepam may compensate the deleterious
      interaction of the agents found in acute studies.

PMID- 393077
TI  - On the VIP-ergic innervation of the feline pylorus.

PMID- 393078
TI  - Postoperative deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb and prophylactic value of
      heparin evaluated by phlebography.
AB  - The incidence of postoperative thrombosis of the leg at phlebography, and the
      prophylactic effect of low-dose heparin, was assessed in a double-blind
      investigation comprising 50 patients. Thrombosis occurred in 17 per cent in the
      heparin group and in 23 per cent in the placebo group. This difference is not
      significant. No prophylactic effect of low-dose heparin was demonstrated.

PMID- 393080
TI  - Simple phase-contrast microscopy test for human lymphocyte transformation induced
      by mitogens or antigens.

PMID- 393079
TI  - Early effects in kidney enzyme activities after irradiation.
AB  - Brush border enzymes of proximal tubules, lysosomal activities and protein
      content of rat kidney were analysed after whole-body irradiation using two
      different experimental schedules. Maltase, alkaline phosphatase and beta
      glucuronidase activities increased moderately during the first days after
      irradiation, whereas LAP, cathespsin D activities and protein content were not
      modified. No evident morphologic alterations were observed.

PMID- 393081
TI  - Effect of plasma free fatty acid lowering on exercise tolerance and ST segment
      depression in patients with angina pectoris.
AB  - The effect of a single oral dose of a plasma FFA-lowering drug (5-(3-pyridyl)
      tetrazole), which does not act by conversion into nicotinic acid, on exercise
      tolerance and ECG reaction was studied on a double-blind basis in 15 men with
      stable angina pectoris. Exercise was performed on a bicycle ergometer in the
      sitting position with a load increase of 10 W/min. In addition to ECG, time to
      onset of chest pains and to termination of exercise because of strong chest pains
      was recorded. 5-(3-pyridyl) tetrazole decreased plasma FFA during exercise from
      523 to 299 mumol/l. It reduced significantly the ST depression at corresponding
      work loads and permitted the patients to exercise 0.6 min longer, corresponding
      to a 7% higher work load, before the onset of chest pain. However, absolute
      exercise time was not significantly increased. The most probable explanation of
      the improved performance is a decreased lipid and increased carbohydrate
      oxidation by the ischemic heart, although a contribution may have come from
      hemodynamic effects of the drug, unrelated to effects on myocardial metabolism
      but perhaps involving heart rate and BP. The lack of a significant effect on
      performance time may have been due to general fatigue.

PMID- 393082
TI  - Miliary tuberculosis.
AB  - Twenty-six cases of miliary tuberculosis were studied in retrospect. The mean age
      of the patients was 62 years. Eighteen patients suffered from another underlying
      chronic disease. Nine had been treated with corticosteroids or cytotoxic agents.
      A limited manifestation of tuberculosis had been previously verified or suspected
      in ten cases. Fever was present in 85% of the patients, frequently combined with
      fatigue or abdominal pain. Serum alkaline phosphatase was elevated in 81% of the
      cases. Minor haematological abnormalities (anaemia, etc.) were found in 16 cases
      and pancytopenia, stimulated lymphocytes or chronic myeloid leucaemia in six.
      Miliary mottling was found in the chest radiographs of 13 patients. Other
      findings were pleural effusion, mediastinal node enlargement, opacities
      suggesting pneumonia or old, possibly tuberculous lesions. Antituberculosis
      therapy was initiated in 12 patients, two of whom died within a few days. There
      was a high frequency of liver or system involvements. It is concluded that
      laparoscopy or liver needle biopsy are valuable diagnostic procedures in patients
      with fever and elevated alkaline phosphatases of unknown aetiology. A therapeutic
      test with antituberculous drugs should be undertaken in suspected cases.

PMID- 393083
TI  - [Comparative studies of the action of a bacterial enzymatic preparation with milk
      curdling activity on a casein substrate].

PMID- 393084
TI  - [Treatment of skin ulcers with insular grafts].

PMID- 393085
TI  - [Joaquin Albarran (Barcelona-Madrid) (1872-1878)].

PMID- 393086
TI  - [Betel chewing and its action upon the bacterial flora].

PMID- 393087
TI  - [Polygenic transmissions].

PMID- 393088
TI  - Multienzyme complexes in DNA precursor biosynthesis.

PMID- 393089
TI  - The relationship of the nuclear matrix to cellular structure and function.

PMID- 393090
TI  - Biochemical studies on the mechanisms by which dietary antioxidants suppress
      mutagenic activity.

PMID- 393091
TI  - Towards selectivity in cancer chemotherapy: a biochemical overview.

PMID- 393092
TI  - Chromosomes and neoplasia.

PMID- 393093
TI  - Genetic mechanisms contributing to the expression of the human hemoglogin loci.

PMID- 393094
TI  - Genetic aspects of folate metabolism.

PMID- 393095
TI  - Translation of plant virus messenger RNAs.

PMID- 393096
TI  - Host passage effects with plant viruses.

PMID- 393097
TI  - Vector cell monolayers and plant viruses.

PMID- 393098
TI  - The structural properties and identification of insect viruses.

PMID- 393099
TI  - Adenovirus proteins and their messenger RNAs.

PMID- 393100
TI  - The closteroviruses: a distinct group of elongated plant viruses.

PMID- 393101
TI  - To assess the effect of slow-acting anti-rheumatic drugs in man.

PMID- 393102
TI  - Penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Perhaps the most important conclusion is that much remains to be learnt about how
      to use penicillamine in clinical practice. The results described have been
      obtained by observing groups of patients on various fixed schedules of dosage.
      There may be a case for using a more flexible system but this makes comparisons
      difficult and at this stage predetermined fixed schedules have been preferred. A
      total daily dose of 1500 mg is clearly excessive and probably unnecessary. There
      is some suggestion that administration between meals produces better and perhaps
      more predictable absorption. If used in this way the total daily dose should be
      lower than the one found most suitable when the drug is given with food.
      Experience to date favours a daily total of 375 mg given between meals. The late
      onset of some adverse reactions in patients on low doses suggest that the total
      cumulative dose may be relevant and that some toxic reactions are liable to occur
      when a certain total intake has been reached. No mention has been made in this
      survey of comparisons with other drugs. The main task has been seen to be the
      exploration of various dosage schedules in the hope of finding an effective dose
      which does not produce a high incidence of adverse effect. Only when this
      information has been obtained will it once again become relevant to test the drug
      under control conditions either against an inactive placebo or some other anti
      rheumatoid drug.

PMID- 393103
TI  - Prostaglandins as mediators of inflammation--vascular aspects.

PMID- 393105
TI  - [Immunohistochemical studies of retinol-binding protein (RBP) in ocular tissues
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 393104
TI  - [Studies on lymphocyte subpopulation in the regional lymphnode after corneal
      grafting (author's transl)].

PMID- 393106
TI  - [Mathematical analysis for rotating keratoplasty (author's transl)].

PMID- 393107
TI  - The application of the sepharose bead immunofluorescence test for the detection
      of allergen-specific IgE and IgG antibodies in pollinosis.
AB  - A new application of the Sepharose bead immunofluorescence test for detection of
      allergen-specific IgE and IgG antibodies is described. Allergen extracts of four
      different grass pollens were coupled to CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B. Twenty
      normal and allergic sera were incubated with the allergen-coupled beads, washed
      and incubated with fluorescence-conjugated anti-gamma E and G globulins. After
      washing and staining with 0.5% trypan blue, the percentage of fluorescent beads
      was detected by fluorescence microscopy. In the IgG/anti IgG system, the smallest
      amount of IgG demonstrated was 20ng/ml; in the IgE/anti-IgE system it was
      40ng/ml. Independent examination of tests gave a mean difference between
      observations of 4.1%. Reproducibility was also very good (var. coeff = 18%). The
      number of beads stained with IgE correlated well with intensity of skin reactions
      to the same extracts (r = 0.64; p = 5 x 10-7), the percentage of IgG stained
      beads being independent of skin reactivity. The Sepharose-IgE test allowed clear
      distinction between allergic and normal sera (p = 4 x 10-7), while the Sepharose
      IgG test did not distinguish between them at the time of diagnosis. However, the
      number of beads stained with IgG significantly increased in patients undergoing
      immunotherapy (p = 3.8 x 10-3). The Sepharose bead immunofluorescence test
      requires a very small amount of materials, is highly sensitive and easy to
      handle. It may be valuable in the "in vitro" diagnosis of grass pollen allergy
      and useful in evaluating immunotherapy.

PMID- 393108
TI  - Outline for the organization of a unit for the diagnosis of drug allergies.

PMID- 393109
TI  - Drug therapy reviews: evaluation of butorphanol tartrate.
AB  - The chemistry, pharmacology, uses, side effects, pharmacokinetics and dosage of
      butorphanol tartrate, a narcotic analgesic with antagonist properties, are
      reviewed. When administered intramuscularly or intravenously, butorphanol
      tartrate appears to be as effective for relieving moderate to severe pain as are
      pentazocine, meperidine and morphine. Butorphanol produces sedation more commonly
      and, at therapeutic dosages, depresses respiration as much as these other
      narcotic analgesics. A limited number of long-term clinical studies suggest a
      lower physical dependence liability with butorphanol than with other narcotic
      analgesics. Butorphanol is more expensive than morphine and, for most patients,
      offers no significant advantages over morphine for short-term use. Because
      butorphanol's cardiovascular effects are not completely understood, morphine also
      remains the drug of choice for pain associated with myocardial infarction.

PMID- 393110
TI  - Multiple-baseline design in instructional research: pitfalls of measurement and
      procedural advantages.
AB  - The multiple-baseline design has utility for evaluating the instructional
      programs used with mentally retarded persons; however, there are several pitfalls
      of measurement that may be encountered in using this design. Subjects'
      performance may be inadvertently altered by (a) repeated testing during baseline,
      (b) a procedural contrast between training and testing, and (c) inaccurate
      generalization during testing. Procedures to mitigate the effects of these
      problems were recommended. The pitfalls may arise in part because of the direct
      interpersonal nature of measuring the dependent variable in instructional
      research. Also, the pitfalls are not inherent in the multiple-baseline design per
      se but are issues of measurement that may occur in other designs as well.
      Finally, the advantage of using the multiple-baseline design to study covariation
      of responding was highlighted.

PMID- 393111
TI  - Additional comments on multiple-baseline designs in instructional research.
AB  - A number of measurement and design issues that are critical to the use of
      multiple-baseline procedures in evaluating instructional interventions were
      highlighted. First, issues related to the interaction between length of baseline
      assessment and the following outcomes were presented: (a) deceleration in
      behavior across baseline, (b) prediction of behavior change, (c) error analyses
      performance on instructional stimuli, and (d) reactivity of observation. Finally,
      an attempt was made to match the variety of multiple-baseline designs to specific
      questions often asked by instructional researchers.

PMID- 393112
TI  - Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment Program.
AB  - Preventive health care for children can have a significant impact on detecting
      and treating potential health problems. The Early and periodic screening,
      diagnosis, and Treatment Program (EPSDT) is a preventive health program under
      Medicaid designed to improve the health of indigent children. Since this program
      is the only federal Medicaid program which requires vision screening and
      treatment services, the opportunity exists for enormous benefits for detecting
      and treating an indigent child's vision problems, as well as general health
      problems. Even though the program has been slow in evolving, it is taking an
      expanding role in all phases of indigent child health care, including vision
      care.

PMID- 393113
TI  - On the movements of the iris, and, incidentally, on the essential portion of the
      organ of vision.

PMID- 393114
TI  - Premalignant tumors and conditions of bone.
AB  - Most bone sarcomas arise in apparently normal bone. However, some sarcomas arise
      in preexisting benign bone tumors or in nonneoplastic conditions. Some of the
      lesions, such as multiple exostoses and Ollier's disease, have a propensity to
      develop chondrosarcoma. Rarely does a benign giant cell tumor become malignant
      without prior irradiation, malignant transformation of other benign tumors, such
      as osteoblastoma and chondroblastoma, is a medical curiosity. Among nonneoplastic
      conditions, radiation changes, long-standing chronic osteomyelitis, and Paget's
      disease have definite premalignant connotations. However, the risk of developing
      cancer in these conditions is still low.

PMID- 393115
TI  - Laryngeal paraganglioma. Case report with ultrastructural analysis and literature
      review.
AB  - Laryngeal paraganglioma is an infrequently reported tumor; only 16 examples have
      been recorded in the English literature. All but one laryngeal paraganglioma
      originated superiorly in the larynx; involvement of the ipsilateral aryepiglottic
      fold is common. Male patients predominate (11:5). The average age of patients at
      the time of diagnosis was 47 years, and symptoms had been present for an average
      duration of 5.8 years (range 6 months to 27 years). Attempted biopsy has resulted
      in significant hemorrhage in three cases. As illustrated by the present case, the
      Grimelius argyrophil stain is a useful diagnostic procedure. Electron microscopy
      confirmed the presence of neurosecretory granules with core diameters ranging
      from 110 to 140 nm. Surgical resection is the preferred treatment and has been
      possible in 14 cases; nine patients are alive and free of tumor for an average of
      3 years. Compared to other head and neck paragangliomas, these have a more
      malignant course with a 25% mortality; tender subcutaneous metastases are
      commonly observed in these patients.

PMID- 393116
TI  - Syphilitic lymphadenitis: immunofluorescent identification of spirochetes from
      imprints.
AB  - We are reporting two cases of early syphilis with inguinal buboes which were
      surgically excised. Th clinical impression was lymphoma in one case and inguinal
      hernia in the other. The correct and specific diagnosis was quickly established
      by the application of fluorescent antibody technique to imprints of the enlarged
      lymph node.

PMID- 393117
TI  - Some notes on Sir Jonathan Hutchinson (1828-1913).

PMID- 393118
TI  - [Principles of treatment of postpartum mastitis].

PMID- 393120
TI  - [New diagnostic tests for so-called bacteriological self-help for the clinician].

PMID- 393119
TI  - [Prevention of puerperal mastitis with Sandopart preparation (desaminooxytocin)].

PMID- 393121
TI  - [Indications of partial technics of laryngectomy].

PMID- 393122
TI  - The Oxford Training Scheme in Anaesthesia and other matters.
AB  - The Faculty of Anaesthetists of the Royal College of Surgeons of England has made
      proposals on the training of anaesthetists. These proposals have been implemented
      by the Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics of the University of Oxford. The
      General Professional Training scheme was established in 1972 and is briefly
      described. Some of the results and the fate of those who joined as trainees are
      presented. Some conclusions are drawn.

PMID- 393123
TI  - A blueprint for day surgery.

PMID- 393124
TI  - [Perfluorochemical-emulsion (fluorocarbon-43) as blood gas carrier--fate of the
      substance after intravenous injection in rat (author's transl)].
AB  - The present paper concerns light and electron microscopic studies on cellular
      uptake and deposition of the oxygen and carbondioxide carrying substance
      "Fluorocarbon-43" after intravenous injection in rats. Phagocytosis of
      "Fluorocarbon-43" by blood monocytes, histiocytes, endothelial macrophages
      (i.e.v. Kupffersche cells) and hepatocytes as well, could be demonstrated. In our
      experiments cellular storage of the substance was detectable even six month after
      injection. In the lumina and walls of alveoli migrating macrophages with storage
      vacuoles were found indicating pulmonary excretion of the substance. Maximum
      storage of "Fluorocarbon-43" caused cellular alterations and may induce
      interstitial fibrosis. The question whether long term incorporation of
      "Fluorocarbon-43" causes irreversible alteration of organs is still a matter of
      conjecture because of the prolonged half-live value of storage of this substance.

PMID- 393125
TI  - [Plasma catecholamines in open heart surgery and abdominal operations using a
      combined electrical stimulation analgesia (author's transl)].
AB  - Changes of plasma catecholamines during surgery performed in the presence of a
      combined electrical stimulation analgesia were studied in 11 patients undergoing
      open heart surgery and in 5 patients undergoing abdominal operations. Stimulation
      was applied through 2 needles attached subcutaneously to each ear. In 8 of the 11
      patients undergoing open heart surgery an up to 20 fold increase in the level of
      adrenaline in plasma was observed intraoperatively indicating a massive
      activation of the adrenal medulla. Adrenaline remained elevated also in the
      postoperative period. The level of noradrenaline did not increase either during
      the intra- or during the postoperative period. In contrast no changes in
      adrenaline or noradrenaline could be demonstrated in the remaining 3 patients in
      whom the concentration of the catecholamines was in the lower normal range. In 5
      patients with abdominal surgery noradrenaline was elevated additionally to the
      increase of adrenaline in the intra- and postoperative period. The increase in
      the activity of the sympathetic nervous system was associated in these patients
      with an increase in heart rate and systolic as well as diastolic blood pressure.
      On the basis of these results the use of a combined electrical stimulation
      analgesia for abdominal surgery in patients at risk and for open heart surgery is
      questioned.

PMID- 393126
TI  - The pioneering anaesthetists of Australia. Ernest Sandford Jackson lecture, 1977.

PMID- 393127
TI  - Neonatal tetanus.
AB  - Forty-eight babies were treated for neonatal tetanus and there were ten deaths.
      Twenty-seven patients were treated with neuromuscular blockade, nasotracheal
      intubation and intermittent positive pressure ventilation. In this group there
      were five deaths and three of these were the direct or indirect result of
      respiratory complications. A management regime for neonatal tetanus is outlined
      and the complications are discussed.

PMID- 393128
TI  - Review of the Folin phenol protein quantitation method of Lowry, Rosebrough, Farr
      and Randall.

PMID- 393129
TI  - A microfuge tube technique for disrupting microquantities of fungal spores.

PMID- 393130
TI  - Quantitative gas-liquid chromatographic determination of ftorafur and 5
      fluorouracil in biological specimens.

PMID- 393131
TI  - Chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay of cortisol using peroxidase as label.

PMID- 393132
TI  - A rapid DEAE disk assay for photoreactivation of pyrimidine dimers in [3H]DNA.

PMID- 393133
TI  - Hormones and the lung. II. Immunohistochemical localization of thyroid hormone
      binding in type II pulmonary epithelial cells clonally-derived from adult rat
      lung.
AB  - The type II pulmonary epithelial cell is the recognized state of surfactant
      synthesis and storage. Results of recent studies indicate that the thyroid
      hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), may be important regulators
      of surfactant production and/or release. Direct and indirect immunofluorescence
      techniques were used in an attempt to demonstrate binding of T3 and T4 in
      monolayer cultures of isolated type II cells. These cultured epithelial cells are
      clonally-derived from adult rat lung, retain a diploid karyotype through 35
      population doublings in vitro, contain granular inclusions (lamellar bodies) in
      the perinuclear cytoplasm, and synthesize phosphatidylcholine via the CDP-choline
      pathway. In isolated type II cells, either of two fluorescent patterns was
      observed: (a) nuclear fluorescence accompanied by a reticular perinuclear
      network; or (b) diffuse cytoplasmic accumulations with concentrations around
      perinculear cytoplasmic inclusions. Ultrastructurally these inclusions had the
      typical appearance of lamellar bodies. Histochemical studies demonstrated that
      these inclusions contained surfactant-associated nonspecific esterases and
      stained with Nile blized markers for pulmonary surfactant indicate that these
      inclusions are indeed lamellar bodies, the putative sites of surfactant synthesis
      and/or storage. These findings suggest that the type II pulmonary epithelial cell
      contains specific binding sites for thyroid hormones, and support the hypothesis
      that thyroid hormones are regulators of surfactant metabolism.

PMID- 393134
TI  - Morphology of the atrioventricular node, bundle and proximal bundle branches: a
      study employing computerized reconstruction.
AB  - The morphology of the human atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle and
      bundle branches is described. A block of tissue bounded by the ostium of the
      coronary sinus, the pars membranacea, the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve
      and the atrial and ventricular septa is removed. The block is then sectioned
      serially from the right endocardial surface in the frontal plane of the heart.
      Sectioning in this way produces fewer sections than from techniques previously
      described. Outlines of the atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle and
      proximal bundle branches are digitally registered and stored in a computer. Three
      dimensional reconstructions of the structures are then generated by computer and
      displayed on an oscilloscope so that the entire three dimensional image can be
      rotated in any plane. Stereoscopic image pairs are produced to assist perception
      of the shape of the atrioventricular node, bundle and branching patterns of the
      bundles. This technique is unique in that it describes a method from which a
      relatively small number of histologic sections are generated permitting not only
      a complete histologic examination, but also a study of the morphology of the
      area.

PMID- 393135
TI  - [Leukocyte migration. Clinical study (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors present a new method to study leukocyte migration with a skin window.
      The method uses a new leukocyte migration P. L. chamber. The technical is applied
      on witness population to release a reference scale of values.

PMID- 393136
TI  - [Hemostatic effects of the argon laser on the gastric wall of the dog. II.
      Effects of the laser on 53 hemorrhagic ulcers of the gastric mucosa].
AB  - The authors made a histopathological study of 53 haemorrhagic ulcers of the
      gastric mucosa of the dog, photocoagulated using an Argon laser apparatus
      (delivering a power of 6 watts at the tip of the fibre). Haemostasis was obtained
      in less than 10 sec. in all cases where photocoagulation was performed by small
      applications of 1.5 sec. to the edges of the ulcer. There were no cases of
      perforation or muscularis damage. Healing of the lesions was complete or well
      under way at 15 days.

PMID- 393138
TI  - [Interest of stimultaneous determination of antistreptolysins and
      antideoxyribonuclease B in streptococcal infections (author's transl)].
AB  - The determination of antistreptolysin O (ASLO) and antideoxyribonuclease B
      (ADNase B) was carried out on a sample of 199 sera from normal subjects and on a
      sample of 4019 sera from patients admitted to the Strasbourg University Hospital
      Center. The sera of hospital origin were divided into two groups. The first group
      (n = 3889) consisted of sera taken at random, the second group (n = 130)
      corresponded to patients in whom we isolated a streptococcus of group A. The
      results obtained show that the distribution of ADNase B and ASLO of normal
      subjects follow a logarithmic distribution. The geometric averages of the titres
      DNAase B and ASLO of normal sera and of the first group of hospital origin are
      scarcely different, whereas the geometrical means of the titres of the second
      group of sera of hospital origin are quite different and two or three dilutions
      higher. We noted that the titres of DNAase B and ASLO were in agreement in 84% of
      cases in the whole group of hospital sera. Among the cases of discrepancy, the
      negative ASLO and the positive DNAase B corresponded mainly to streptococcal
      infections.

PMID- 393137
TI  - [Practical immunocytochemistry of the endocrine pancreas].
AB  - Complementing cytochemical and ultrastructural studies, immunocytochemistry may
      be used to define, in terms of immunoreactivity, the nature of the polypeptide(s)
      made and stored in the cells of the endocrine pancreas, islet or otherwise.
      Immunoserums are applied to histological sections after fixation of the material
      in Bouin's fluid, and in accordance with four protocols: indirect
      immunofluorescence, immuno-enzymatic technique, variants in prolonged primary
      incubation and the method of soluble peroxidase-antiperoxidase complexes. Certain
      precautions are essential for correct interpretation. In the adult, four
      essential immunoreactions, corresponding to hormones or "local hormones" are
      regularly detected:insulin, pancreatic glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic
      polypeptide. The cytochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of the cells
      involved are known (B, A and D cells for the first three specificities). C
      peptide immunoreactivity is easily identified, but other immunoreactivities are
      more irregular or contested: gastrin, cholecystokinin, vasoactive intestinal
      peptide, ACTH, met-enkephalin.

PMID- 393139
TI  - [Determination of plasma digoxin: comparison of three analytical methods].

PMID- 393140
TI  - [Principles and applications of the EMIT system].

PMID- 393141
TI  - Enterotoxigenic colibacillosis in colostrum-fed calves: pathologic changes.
AB  - Enterotoxigenic colibacillosis was experimentally produced in 8 of 9 colostrum
      fed calves orally given 10(11) Escherichia coli. The eight calves developed
      profuse diarrhea accompanied by dehydration and depression. At 12 hours after
      exposure, all calves were euthanatized for necropsy and for collection of tissues
      for microscopic examination. Histopathologic changes included stunted villi in
      the jejunum and ileum, focal degeneration and exfoliation of absorptive
      epithelial cells at the tips of jejunal and ileal villi, and focal emigration of
      neutrophils which was especially prominent above the dome area of aggregated
      lymphatic follicles (Peyer's patches). A layer of E coli adhered to the
      epithelial surface of the jejunum and ileum. In the duodenum, lesions were
      minimal or absent and bacteria were not adhering to the mucosa. Histopathologic
      changes were not observed in other tissues. In two calves examined 24 hours after
      they were inoculated and in two calves euthanatized 24 to 36 hours after
      spontaneously developing enteric colibacillosis, lesions were similar to those
      observed in the calves at 12 hours after exposure.

PMID- 393143
TI  - Effect of long-term tetracycline exposure (drinking water additive) on antibiotic
      resistance of aerobic gram-negative intestinal flora of rats.
AB  - A study was undertaken to determine the effect of 2 years of intermittent
      administration of tetracycline in drinking water on antibiotic resistance in the
      aerobic gram-negative enterobacteria of rats in a closed colony. The bacterial
      isolates examined were resistant to tetracycline and streptomycin. Minimal
      inhibitory concentrations of tetracycline and streptomycin for intestinal
      organisms were similar in all of the animals, regardless of whether the animals
      were sampled while they were given drinking water with added tetracycline or at
      intervals of 3, 8, and 9 months after the antibiotic was no longer added to the
      drinking water. Biochemical examination of the isolates from each principal
      showed that Escherichia coli was the predominant enteric organism. In conjugation
      experiments, all E coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated transferred
      tetracycline and streptomycin resistance to an E coli K-12 recipient. Four
      different strains of rats that had not been treated with tetracycline (controls)
      were examined for tetracycline resistance. Tetracycline-resistant Proteus
      mirabilis was isolated from the intestines of these animals. Plasmid-mediated
      resistance could not be demonstrated. The E coli and P vulgaris isolates from
      these control animals were susceptible to tetracycline.

PMID- 393142
TI  - Exposure of rabbits to spores of Aspergillus fumigatus or Penicillium sp:
      survival of fungi and microscopic changes in the respiratory and gastrointestinal
      tracts.
AB  - Rabbits were exposed to spores of Aspergillus fumigatus by 1 of 2 routes:
      exposure to aerosols of dry spores or introduction of liquid suspensions of
      spores directly into the stomach. Rabbits also were exposed to aerosols
      containing spores of a Penicillium sp. Cultural and microscopic examinations of
      tissues from the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts indicated fungi were
      distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract of the rabbits within 1 hour
      after exposure to aerosols of A fumigatus or Penicillum spores. Viable A
      fumigatus and Penicillium were detected in lung tissues of rabbits for 2 or 3
      weeks after inhalation of spores. Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from the
      gastrointestinal tract no more than 1 week after aerosol exposure, and
      Penicillium, not beyond 48 hours. However, when large numbers of A fumigatus
      spores were introduced directly into the stomach, fungi were isolated from
      tissues for as long as 16 days after exposure even though the intestinal contents
      were negative 4 to 7 days after introduction of spores. Tests for precipitating
      antibody were negative, with one exception, among 26 rabbits surviving for 2
      weeks or more. Microscopic changes were more pronounced in rabbits exposed to
      spores of A fumigatus than in rabbits exposed to Penicillium spores.

PMID- 393144
TI  - Bovine salmonellosis: experimental production and characterization of the disease
      in calves, using oral challenge with Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - A highly virulent strain of Salmonella tyhimurium was given orally to produce
      disease experimentally in 21 normal colostrum-fed calves 3 to 9 weeks old. The
      challenge inoculum varied from 10(4) to 10(11) organisms. The disease was
      characterized by fever, depressed attitude, and decreased appetite. Many calves
      given larger challenge dose levels also had diarrheic feces containing mucus,
      fibrin, and blood. Fecal cultures were positive for salmonella. Septicemia
      occurred in some calves (9 of 15 calves cultured were positive). Eleven calves
      died and 10 calves survived challenge exposure. Survival was inversely related to
      the size of the challenge inoculum and directly related (although to a lesser
      degree) to age of the calf. White blood cell total and differential counts were
      variable. Both neutropenia and neutrophilia were observed. Plasma proteins
      decreased markedly in calves with diarrhea, probably indicating fecal protein
      loss. Fibrinogen increased during the acute stages of diarrhea.

PMID- 393145
TI  - A study of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in the uterus of the mare.
AB  - Two experiments incorporating 13 mares were conducted for the purpose of
      producing and monitoring intrauterine infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae. In
      the pilot study, the infection was produced with strains of K pneumoniae type 68
      and type 10 isolated from the genital tract of stallions with a history of
      breeding problems. In the principal study, K pneumoniae type 68 was used to
      produce the infection. Tampons and guarded culture swabs were used to obtain
      uterine samples in the pilot study. In comparing the efficacies of isolation of K
      pneumoniae with the tampons and isolation with standard guarded culture swab, the
      tampon proved to be a more reliable means with which to isolate K pneumoniae and
      was used in the principal study. In both studies, inoculated mares became
      infected and remained infected at least until the postinoculation estrous cycle
      was initiated or was completed. Some of the inoculated mares remained infected
      through more than one estrous cycle. The numbers of K pneumoniae decreased in the
      uterus of mares after completing the estrous cycle after inoculation. Klebsiella
      pneumoniae was not demonstrable in frozen tissue sections of uterine biopsy
      specimens stained by fluorescent antibody technique. Postinoculation sera
      antibody titers to K pneumoniae, as determined, using the capsule swelling
      technique, were no higher than 1:8.

PMID- 393146
TI  - In vivo and in vitro responses of cats sensitized with viable Mycobacterium bovis
      (BCG).
AB  - Cats were injected subcutaneously with viable Mycobacterium bovis (BCG), and
      immune responses were evaluated at various times after injection. The BCG
      injection produced fever, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, and lymphadenopathy of
      regional lymph nodes. Intradermal tuberculin injection produced responses
      consistent with delayed type hypersensitivity reaction in the treated cats at
      postinoculation day 21. Skin responses to tuberculin were not significant at
      postinoculation day 49. The cellular infiltrate at the tuberculin injection site
      at 48 hours after injection was an admixture of polymorphonuclear cells and
      mononuclear cells. The BCG produces strong intradermal skin responses in the cat,
      but the response was not long-lived as in cattle and guinea pigs. The BCG
      injection did not produce significant changes in the absolute total lymphocyte
      and absolute T-lymphocyte numbers in peripheral blood. The percentage of T
      lymphocytes was significantly higher in the BCG-treated group. Differences were
      not observed in lymphocyte blastogenesis with tuberculin and non-specific
      mitogens between BCG-treated and control cats.

PMID- 393147
TI  - Equine salmonellosis: experimental production of four syndromes.

PMID- 393148
TI  - Studies on the pathogenesis of Escherichia coli in the bursa of Fabricius
      (cloacal bursa) of the turkey.
AB  - Turkey poults were inoculated with avirulent or virulent strains of Escherichia
      coli by direct application to anal lips and were killed at postinoculation hours
      (PIH) 0.1, 2, 5, 10, 24, 48, 72, and 96. Bursae of Fabricius (cloacal bursae)
      were collected, cultured, and examined by light, fluorescent, and electron
      microscopy. The virulent strain of E coli was not recovered from the bursae after
      PIH 24, although the avirulent strain was recovered up to PIH 96. The E coli
      strains neither localized at nor associated with the bursal fold epithelium,
      passed through the follicular pad epithelium, nor caused cytopathologic changes
      in the lymphoid follicle. A mild catarrhal bursitis was observed at PIH 48 with
      the avirulent strain of E coli.

PMID- 393149
TI  - Vaccination of the dam by the intramuscular or deep subcutaneous route to prevent
      neonatal calf enteric colibacillosis.
AB  - Comparison of colostrum-induced immunities in calves was made by challenge
      exposure with Escherichia coli. These calves were delivered of cows which were
      vaccinated intramuscularly or deep subcutaneously (in the region of the mammary
      lymph nodes) with strain B44 E coli bacterin during the last trimester of
      pregnancy. The calf of each cow was allowed to nurse colostrum naturally after
      birth. Cows vaccinated by either route of administration were capable of
      providing increased resistance to their calves, via the colostrum, when compared
      with nonvaccinated cows.

PMID- 393150
TI  - Dental caries.

PMID- 393151
TI  - [Violence and justice].

PMID- 393152
TI  - [Violence of antisemitism].

PMID- 393153
TI  - [Iconoclasm and Islam].

PMID- 393154
TI  - [Argument for violence].

PMID- 393155
TI  - [Aberrant course of the intrapetrous internal carotid in the eardrum. Analysis of
      a personal case. Review of the literature (author's transl)].
AB  - A new case of aberrant course of the internal carotid artery in the eardrum
      described, with the particular features of being associated with progressive
      chronic otitis and a picture of multiple malformations. Diagnosis of the
      abnormality of the course and its topographical limits, using tomography and
      angiography, led to a successful antroatticotomy. On the basis of a review of the
      literature, the authors describe the main criteria of the clinical and
      radiological diagnosis and present the current pathogenic theories of the
      mechanism of this congenital abnormality.

PMID- 393156
TI  - [Repair after circular pharyngo-laryngectomy with deltopectoral flap (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Eleven patients with advanced tumors of eso-pharyngeal area were treated by
      circular eso-pharyngo-laryngectomy with repair of pharyngo-esophageal continuity
      by deltopectoral flap (V. Y. Bakamjian). Surgical procedures are described and
      results presented. Advantages and failures, compared with others techniques, have
      allowed us to recommend the use of deltopectoral flap, especially when the tumor
      remains located in hypopharyngeal region and doesn't exceed one cm below the eso
      pharyngeal ring.

PMID- 393157
TI  - Determination of nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of exfoliated buccal mucosal cells.

PMID- 393158
TI  - The New York Academy of Dentistry. Fellowship list 1979 - 80.

PMID- 393159
TI  - The influence of BCG vaccination on murine leprosy in C57BL/6 and C3H mice.
AB  - Cross-reactivity between Mycobacterium lepraemurium (MLM) and BCG vaccine was
      found and evaluated in vivo, in C57BL/6 mice, in terms of delayed-type
      hypersensitivity, local granulomatous response at the injected site and
      limitation of growth of the challenge inoculum in the draining node. Cross
      reactive specific protection and local reactivities were transferred in syngeneic
      normal recipients by means of non-adherent lymphoid cells from immune donors.
      When BCG vaccine was injected either intravenously or subcutaneously in C57BL/6
      and in C3H mice, it was able to induce resistance to local infection with living
      MLM in both strains, but no alteration of the local granulomatous reaction
      (equivalent to local specific immune response) was observed in C3H mice, as
      compared to the control. When mice were immunized with one or two injections of
      heat-killed MLM after the immunomodulating effect of BCG vaccination, better
      immunization was not achieved. In order to test the presence of strain-related
      immunosuppressive mechanisms, mice were cyclophosphamide-treated during the
      immunization process. As expected, higher specific DTH reactions were obtained in
      both strains, but with only a slight increase of the protective mechanism.
      Protection was always higher in C57BL/6 than in C3H mice. The specific and non
      specific immune responses to BCG vaccine were then evaluated in both strains with
      different parameters: in vivo lymphoproliferative response in the draining node,
      delayed local granulomatous reaction at the injected site after a subcutaneous
      injection, increase in spleen index, kinetics of the immunopotentiation to a
      thymus-dependent antigen (sheep red blood cells) after a single intravenous
      injection of BCG. A striking interstrain difference was observed; C57BL/6 mice
      were able to mount a more rapid and marked immune response as compared to C3H
      mice (which only developed a delayed and slight response). Moreover, these
      differences were associated with the fact that BCG did not seem to multiply
      properly in C3H mice during the first two weeks after inoculation. Thus, it was
      concluded that higher natural resistance to pathogens and cross-reactive
      preimmunization with related microorganisms can interfere with the artificial
      immunization when living microorganisms are used. Implication for vaccination to
      mycobacterial infection (tuberculosis and leprosy) are discussed.

PMID- 393161
TI  - [Inflammation and host resistance against bacteria. I.--Increased resistance
      against Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella typhimurium in mice, following
      their treatment with bradykinin, kallidin and methionyl-lysyl-bradykinin
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Mice pretreated with kinins are more resistant to a lethal challenge of Listeria
      monocytogenes. The multiplication of Listeria is decreased in the liver and
      spleen and the blood clearance of Salmonella typhi-murium is increased.

PMID- 393160
TI  - Role of macrophage activation in allograft immunity: in vivo studies.
AB  - Macrophage-rich adherent peritoneal cells from mice sensitized by two i.p.
      injections of allogeneic cells at days -- 12 and --2, were found non-specifically
      cytotoxic against (a) tumoral target cells, as evaluated by the chromium release
      test, and (b) normal target cells, as evaluated by a functional test based on the
      insulin secretion response to glucose stimulation of isolated pancreatic islet
      cells. This non-specific cytotoxicity was identical to that of macrophages
      "activated" by an in vitro incubation with supernatants of MLC between allograft
      donor and recipient as reported elsewhere. Moreover this cytotoxicity was not
      abolished by anti-theta serum treatment of adherent peritoneal cells before
      contact with target cells. It is concluded that an in vivo macrophage activation
      was obtained in our experiment. Using this same model, we found that the survival
      time of skin grafts from male C57BL/6 to female C57BL/6 mice was shortened if the
      graft was performed at the time when the recipient macrophages were found non
      specifically cytotoxic (two days after the second allogeneic cell injection). The
      role  of macrophage cytotoxicity in this accelerated allograft rejection is
      suggested by (a) the lack of any detectable cross-histocompatibility antigens
      between the immunizing cells and the skin graft, and (b) the absence of any
      alteration of the graft survival if the second immunizing injection two days
      prior to grafting is omitted (in that case only lymphocytes are found
      specifically cytotoxic against the strain of injected cells, while the non
      specific cytotoxicity of macrophages is lacking).

PMID- 393162
TI  - Treatment of accidental sodium valproate overdose with an opiate antagonist.

PMID- 393163
TI  - Classification of polyene antibiotics according to chemical structure and
      biological effects.
AB  - Fourteen polyene antibiotics and six of their semisynthetic derivatives were
      compared for their effects on potassium (K(+)) leakage and lethality or hemolysis
      of either Saccharomyces cerevisiae or mouse erythrocytes. These polyene
      antibiotics fell into two groups. Group I antibiotics caused K(+) leakage and
      cell death or hemolysis at the same concentrations of added polyene. In this
      group fungistatic and fungicidal levels were indistinguishable. Group I drugs
      included one triene (trienin); tetraenes (pimaricin and etruscomycin); pentaenes
      (filipin and chainin); one hexaene (dermostatin); and one polyene antibiotic with
      unknown chemical structure (lymphosarcin). Group II antibiotics caused
      considerable K(+) leakage at low concentrations and cell death or hemolysis at
      high concentrations. The fungistatic levels were clearly separable from
      fungicidal. This group included the heptaenes (amphotericin B, candicidin,
      aureofungin A and B, hamycin A and B), and five of their semisynthetic
      derivatives (amphotericin B methyl ester, N-acetyl-amphotericin B, hamycin A and
      B methyl esters, and N-acetyl-candicidin). Nystatin, classified as a tetraene,
      and its derivative, N-acetyl nystatin, also were in this group.

PMID- 393164
TI  - Affinities of penicillins and cephalosporins for the penicillin-binding proteins
      of Escherichia coli K-12 and their antibacterial activity.
AB  - The affinities of a range of penicillins and cephalosporins for ther penicillin
      binding proteins of Escherichia coli K-12 have been studied, and the results were
      compared with the antibacterial activity of the compounds against E. coli K-12
      and an isogenic permeability mutant. Different penicillins and cephalosporins
      exhibited different affinities for the "essential" penicillin-binding proteins of
      E. coli K-12, in a manner which directly correlated with their observed effects
      upon bacterial morphology. Furthermore, the affinities of the compounds for their
      "primary" lethal penicillin-binding protein targets showed close agreement with
      their antibacterial activities against the permeability mutant.

PMID- 393165
TI  - Amikacin resistance associated with a plasmid-borne aminoglycoside
      phosphotransferase in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Enzymatic phosphorylation of amikacin has not been reported previously in gram
      negative bacteria. We found that extracts of MP1, a mutant of Escherichia coli
      JR66/W677 that is resistant to amikacin, were able to phosphorylate this
      aminoglycoside more rapidly than were extracts of the parental strain. Conjugal
      transfer of resistance from MP1 to a recipient strain was accompanied by
      acquisition in the transconjugants of amikacin phosphotransferase activity and of
      a 57-megadalton plasmid present in the donor. Partial purification of the
      phosphotransferase activity on amikacin-Sepharose 4B yielded an enzyme with a
      substrate spectrum similar to that of the 3'-neomycin-kanamycin
      phosphotransferase II found E. coli, except that it was also active against
      amikacin. A mutant of MP1, MP5, had increased susceptibility to amikacin and
      reduced phosphotransferase activity. MP9, a mutant MP5, was more resistant to
      amikacin and had increased phosphotransferase activity. The mutations leading to
      these alterations of amikacin susceptibility and amikacin phosphotransferase
      activity were transferable with the same plasmid that was associated with
      amikacin resistance and phosphotransferase activity in MP1. These studies
      demonstrate that resistance to amikacin in a laboratory strain of E. coli is due
      to an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase coded by a transferable plasmid-borne
      gene.

PMID- 393166
TI  - Effect of free fatty acids on liposome susceptibility to imidazole antifungals.
AB  - The presence of free fatty acids in liposome model membranes sensitizes these
      membranes to the action of the imidazole antifungals, clotrimazole, micronazole,
      and sulconazole. Unsaturation of the fatty acids is an important variable; the
      effect of linoleic and oleic acids is much greater than that of stearic acid. The
      imidazoles differ somewhat in action, with clotrimazole potency greatest both on
      membranes with and without fatty acids. Sulconazole has very little activity on
      membranes without fatty acids even at the highest concentrations tested. The data
      are discussed with reference to the susceptibility of various cells to the
      imidazoles and the specificity of imidazole action. A modification of the
      enzymatic method generally used for assay of marker glucose with liposome systems
      is also presented.

PMID- 393167
TI  - Transductional construction of a threonine-producing strain of Serratia
      marcescens.
AB  - A threonine-producing strain of Serratia marcescens Sr41 was constructed
      according to the following process. Thr- strain E-60 was derived from strain
      HNr59 having constitutive levels of threonine-sensitive aspartokinase and
      homoserine dehydrogenase. Thr+ transductant T-570 was constructed from strain E
      60 and phage grown on strain HNr21 having feedback-resistant threonine-sensitive
      aspartokinase and homoserine dehydrogenase. This transductant lacked both
      feedback inhibition and repression for the two enzymes. Thr- strain N-11 was
      derived from strain AECr174 lacking feedback inhibition and repression of lysine
      sensitive aspartokinase. Subsequently, the threonine region of strain T-570 was
      transduced into strain N-11. One of the THR+ transductants, strain T-693,
      produced markedly high levels of the two aspartokinases and homoserine
      dehydrogenase, which were insensitive to feedback inhibition. This strain
      produced about 25 mg of threonine per ml in the medium containing sucrose and
      urea.

PMID- 393168
TI  - Separation of botulinum-positive and -negative fish samples by means of a pattern
      recognition method applied to headspace gas chromatograms.
AB  - A gas chromatographic headspace technique was used to analyze the gas produced
      during putrefaction of pond-raised, degutted trout, incubated in evacuated
      plastic pouches. The following samples were analyzed; 10 samples which, due to
      natural contamination with Clostridium botulinum, were toxic when injected into
      mice, 10 samples which were nontoxic when injected, and 9 samples inoculated with
      one strain of C. botulinum type E. The gas chromatograms showed the presence of
      118 compounds in most samples. Quantitative differences among most chromatograms
      could be observed, but no compound was unique to any of the three groups. By
      means of a specific pattern recognition method, all negative samples were shown
      to fall into one group and were distinctly separated from the toxic samples. No
      differences could be observed between the two groups of inoculated and naturally
      contaminated trout samples. The results suggest that headspace analysis combined
      with pattern recognition analysis might prove to be a valuable method for
      screening studies of foods containing living cells of C. botulinum.

PMID- 393169
TI  - Differentiation of selected Enterobacteriaceae by pyrolysis-gas-liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - Pyrolysis-gas-liquid chromatography was used to differentiate selected species of
      Enterobacteriaceae. Individual cultures of Salmonella typhi, Hafnia alvei, and
      Proteus vulgaris, and 12 strains of Yersinia enterocolitica were grown in
      nutrient broth. After harvest and lyophilization, the bacterial samples were
      pyrolyzed at 900 degrees C, and their volatile fractions were separated on a 50-m
      capillary column coated with Carbowax 20M. The resulting pyrolysis elution
      patterns (pyrograms) of the four species were monitored on an integrating
      console, which was coupled with the chromatographic detector. The pyrograms were
      divided into 312 30-s time interval areas, and each interval area was normalized
      in relation to the area of the entire curve. The normalized areas were evaluated
      by stepwise linear discriminant analysis, and the discriminating component
      coordinates were used to generate a plot of the canonical variables. Distinct
      clustering patterns allowed discrimination among the four genera of
      Enterobacteriaceae studied. The tight clustering of the 12 Y. enterocolitica
      strains suggests the advantage of pyrolysis-gas-liquid chromatography over
      traditional approaches for species identification.

PMID- 393170
TI  - Plate diffusion assay as a rapid method for dosimetry of mutagens.
AB  - This paper presents a method for determining mutagenic concentrations of
      chemicals by using an agar diffusion assay. The method is based on the linear
      relationship between the amount of chemical placed at the center of the dish and
      the radius of the mutagenic zone. A brief theoretical discussion and experimental
      data confirming this relationship are given. Alkylating agents and mycotoxins
      were used to test the system. This method can be used to follow up decreased
      mutagenic potencies of solutions of unstable mutagens and to follow the
      production of mutagenic substances throughout fermentation.

PMID- 393171
TI  - Adherence of bacteria, yeast, blood cells, and latex spheres to large-porosity
      membrane filters.
AB  - Strong adherence of bacteria, yeast, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, spores,
      and polystyrene spheres to membrane filter materials was noted during filtration
      through membranes with pore size diameters much larger than the particles
      themselves. Quantitative recovery on the membrane filters of these particles from
      low-concentration suspensions was achieved during gravity- or vacuum-assisted
      filtration through membranes with pore diameters as much as 30 times that of the
      filtered particles. Mechanical sieving was not responsible. The phenomenon was
      judged to be electrostatic. It could be partially blocked by pretreating the
      filter with a nonionic surfactant (Tween 20), and elution of adherent particles
      was achieved with 0.05% Tween 20. Gram-positive cocci were removed from
      suspension more efficiently than gram-negative rods. The commonly used cellulose
      membranes adsorbed more bacteria, blood cells, and other particles than did
      polycarbonate filters. Of lesser adsorptive capacity were vinyl acetate, nylon,
      acrylic, and Teflon membranes. Backwashing with saline, serum, 6% NaCl, dextran
      solutions, or phosphate buffers of varying molality and pH removed only a
      fraction of adherent particles. Tween 20 (0.05%) eluted up to 45% of adherent
      particles in a single back-filtration. Selected filters quantitatively removed
      the particles tested, which then could be washed and subjected to reagents for a
      variety of purposes. It is important to anticipate the removal of particles
      during membrane filtration, since it is not a simple mechanical event.

PMID- 393172
TI  - Early Dutch contributions on Peyronie's disease.
AB  - Long before De la Peyronie's description of three cases of plastic induration and
      curvature of the penis (1743) the disorder was already known. The Ephemerides
      (1687) and the rather scabrous booklet, Venus minzieke gasthuis (Venus Hospital
      for the lovesick)(1688), contain short remarks on this condition. Two extensive
      Dutch contributions -- not mentioned in the literature on this subject -- were
      written by Nicolaas Tulp (1593--1674) and Fredrik Ruysch (1638--1731). The first
      one is a case history, the second one is more general discussion with a fine
      engraving added. Treatment varied according to the various early authors. The
      therapeutic successes claimed must be seen in the light of the natural history of
      this disease: spontaneous improvement occurs not infrequently. To change the
      eponym 'Peyronie's disease', however, seems unjustified. It is an homage to
      Francois Gigot de la Peyronie (1678-1747) surgeon to King Louis XV and founder of
      the French Academie de Chirurgie.

PMID- 393173
TI  - Facial paralysis - 100 years of treatment.
AB  - After surveying the literature on the treatment of unilateral facial paralysis, a
      classification of the various measures is offered. Several methods and their
      values are discussed, and the treatments we prefer indicated.

PMID- 393174
TI  - In memoriam: Professor Dr. J. F. Nuboer 6th February 1900-26th June 1979.

PMID- 393175
TI  - On the early history of antisepsis.

PMID- 393176
TI  - Urinary-tract infections due to inflammation around nonabsorbable suture material
      in the bladder.
AB  - Three patients are reported with urinary-tract infections around wire granulomas
      caused by nonabsorbable suture material in the bladder. On the basis of reports
      in the literature and of personal findings use of this material in operations in
      and around the urinary tract should be considered inadvisable. Use of absorbable
      material, such as catgut, chromic catgut, Dexon or Vicryl is to be preferred.

PMID- 393177
TI  - Douglas Gairdner, editor of the Archives 1964-79.

PMID- 393178
TI  - Douglas as editor.

PMID- 393179
TI  - Douglas as editor.

PMID- 393180
TI  - Douglas in retrospect.

PMID- 393181
TI  - Ethnic differences in the Goodenough-Harris draw-a-man and draw-a-woman tests.
AB  - The draw-a-man (DAM) and draw-a-woman (DAW) tests were given to 307
      schoolchildren in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. The children were ethnically Malay,
      Chinese, or Indian (Tamil), and all came from lower socioeconomic groups. The
      standard scores of the Chinese children averaged 118 in the DAM and 112 in the
      DAW tests. These scores were significantly better than the American standards.
      Malay children scored significantly lower than Chinese, and Tamil children scored
      lower again. The nutritional status of the children had no influence on the
      scores. Chinese and Tamil children scored better in the DAM than the DAW, while
      in Malay boys the reverse was true. Malay children tended to emphasise clothing
      in the DAM, but Chinese and Tamil children scored better on items relating to
      facial features and body proportions. The Goodenough-Harris draw-a-person tests
      are obviously not culture-free, but the causes of ethnic differences have not
      been elucidated.

PMID- 393182
TI  - The efficacy of histamine antagonists as antipruritics in experimentally induced
      pruritus.
AB  - 1. The antipruritic ability of histamine (H1 and H2) antagonists alone and in
      combination in experimentally induced pruritus has been investigated in 12 normal
      human volunteers. 2. A combination of cimetidine (H2 anatagonist) and
      chlorpheniramine (H1 antagonist) proved effective in suppressing itch that was
      artificially induced by the application of papain and histamine. 3. The
      combination was more effective than chlorpheniramine or cimetidine alone or
      placebo. 4. The results suggest that both H1 and H2 receptors are involved in the
      mediation of pruritus.

PMID- 393183
TI  - Immunoelectron-microscopical localization of in vivo-bound complement C3 in
      bullous pemphigoid with the use of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase multistep
      technique.
AB  - In vivo-bound complement C3 in bullous pemphigoid was precisely localized by
      means of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase multistep technique. In the nonbullous
      lesions peroxidase deposits filled the lamina lucida completely, i.e., the space
      between lamina densa and the cell membranes of the basal cells. In developed
      bullae, the reaction product was located both on the lamina densa and on the
      surface of separated keratinocytes. These findings may indicate that antigen
      components in bullous pemphigoid are localized almost exclusively within the
      ground substance which fills the lamina lucida and covers the surface of the
      basal cells.

PMID- 393185
TI  - In vitro bullous pemphigoid antigen deposited on a millipore filter.

PMID- 393186
TI  - [Malpighian cells in the urinary sediment of newborn infants (author's transl)].

PMID- 393184
TI  - Fibronectin distribution in epithelial and associated tissues of the rat.
AB  - Specific antiserum was used to investigate the distribution of the extracellular
      glycoprotein, fibronectin, in rat skin and tongue tissue by light and electron
      microscopy with immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques. We conclude
      that fibronectin is absent from stable, differentiated parts of tissues, such as
      the sebaceous glands or the matrix, medulla, cortex, and cuticles of the hair and
      the inner and outer root sheaths, or even in tissues in which there is some cell
      movement, such as the epidermis. It is, however, characteristic of sites at which
      cell division is occurring in contact with an extracellular scaffolding, such as
      basement membrane or loose connective tissue. Conspicuous examples were in the
      glassy membrane and connective tissue sheath associated with the follicular
      epithelium, the basement membrane underlying vascular endothelial cells, the
      connective tissues surrounding and investing nerve and muscle fibre bundles, and
      the dermal connective tissue where fibronectin was often associated closely with
      collagen fibres. At the basement membrane of the dermal/epidermal junction,
      fibronectin occurred at the plasma membrane of the basal cells and in the lamina
      lucida area. There was no correlation with specific areas of cell-substrate
      adhesion, such as the hemidesmosomes. The endoplasmic reticulum of fibroblasts
      stained strongly suggesting that these cells represent a major site of synthesis.

PMID- 393187
TI  - [Cytological study of broncho-alveolar washing fluids in a case of alveolar
      pulmonary microlithiasis: electron microscopic (transmission; scanning) and cyto
      enzymological studies (author's transl)].

PMID- 393188
TI  - The concentration of chloroquine in serum during short and long term malaria
      prophylaxis with standard and 'double' dosage in non-immunes: clinical
      implications.
AB  - The concentration of chloroquine in serum was analysed after one week, six weeks
      and one year on standard dose prophylaxis (300 mg chloroquine base once a week)
      and after six months on the double dose. After six weeks, the standard dose gave
      adequate protection against malaria. During the first weeks of prophylaxis
      insufficient protection might be achieved by the customary standard dose. In a
      double-dose group many values reached the point above which a higher incidence of
      side-reactions have been observed.

PMID- 393189
TI  - Schistosomiasis: assessment of the sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility
      of serological methods for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis in Nigeria.
AB  - Three groups of sera were tested by indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA),
      complement fixation (CF) and counter-current immunoelectrophoresis (CCIE)
      techniques; 56 (10.1%) of 554 sera from Nigerians were anticomplementary and so
      could not be tested by the CF. Crude antigen extract of adult Schistosoma mansoni
      was used in the CF and CCIE tests and cercarial antigen in the IFA test. IFA was
      the most sensitive test and CF the most specific. The reproducibility of both
      these tests was good. The CCIE was the least sensitive and specific, and its
      reproducibility was poor. The IFA test was the most suitable for Nigerian
      conditions. Cross-reactions to S. haematobium antibodies were consistently
      present in all three tests and it was not possible to differentiate serologically
      S. mansoni from S. haemotobium. The interpretations of the results presented some
      difficulties because of the frequency of cross-reactions and false-positives, but
      the data fell within the infection prevalence rate of 50% reported earlier from
      south-western Nigeria. The IFA test was more specific and is considered ideal for
      serodiagnosis.

PMID- 393190
TI  - Bancroftian filariasis: a comparison of microfilariae counting techniques using
      counting chamber, standard slide and membrane (nuclepore) filtration.
AB  - Three techniques were compared for counting microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti
      in blood specimens--a standard slide method, the counting chamber technique (CCT)
      and a membrane filtration technique (MFCT). The CCT was much more sensitive than
      the slide method, the difference in sensitivity between these two methods
      probably being due mainly to the loss of microfilariae during the
      dehaemoglobinizing process prior to staining in the standard slide method. There
      was good correlation between the techniques when 0.1 ml of finger-prick blood was
      examined by the CCT and 1 ml of venous blood by the MFCT. The number of
      additional positives revealed by the MFCT was ten of 275 (3.6%) subjects
      examined. The use of venepuncture for MFCT is impractical for field surveys in
      East Africa whereas a microfilarial count on 0.1 ml of finger-prick blood meets
      most of the criteria required of a field technique. The method is simple,
      quantitative and acceptable to the population. The results are reproducible, can
      be readily checked, the technique provides a useful and practical method for
      obtaining prevalence information following control schemes. The finding of a
      relatively low prevalence of microfilariae seen by both MFCT and CCT in children
      aged five to nine years from a highly endemic filariasis area agrees with the
      results of previous East African surveys carried out by blood smear and CCT.

PMID- 393191
TI  - Preliminary screening of antifilarial activity of levamisole and amodiaquine on
      Wuchereria bancrofti.
AB  - A single dose of levamisole of 3 mg/kg had a marked microfilaricidal effect in
      some persons harbouring Wuchereria bancrofti, but there was considerable
      variation in the response. In some cases blood examinations for microfilariae
      remained negative or at a low level for several months. Persons with high
      pretreatment microfilaraemias responded less to therapy than did those with low
      counts. The main side-reaction to levamisole was fever, which began six to eight
      hours after treatment. Combined DEC-levamisole therapy appears to have no
      advantage over the use of DEC alone. Amodiaquine in a total dose of 40 mg/kg
      appears to be macrofilaricidal, but because of the slight possibility of blood
      dyscrasias, mass chemotherapy with this dosage could not be recommended. Some
      amodiaquine congeners shown to be effective in experimental infections against
      adult filarial worms may prove to have a higher chemotherapeutic index than
      amodiaquine against W. bancrofti in man.

PMID- 393192
TI  - Changes in serum lipoproteins during malariatherapy with Plasmodium vivax.

PMID- 393193
TI  - Cardiovascular actions of prostacyclin (PGI2) in the cat.
AB  - The cardiovascular actions of the newly discovered bicyclic prostaglandin,
      prostacyclin, or PGI2, were compared with those of PGE1 in the anesthetized cat.
      PGI2 decreased systemic arterial pressure, increased cardiac output and decreased
      systemic vascular resistance. The decreases in systemic vascular resistance were
      similar when PGI2 was injected into the left or right atrium, suggesting that
      prostacyclin is not inactivated in the feline pulmonary vascular bed. PGE1 also
      decreased systemic arterial pressure and increased cardiac output; however, left
      atrial administration of this substance produced greater reductions in systemic
      vascular resistance than right atrial injections, suggesting that PGE1 is
      inactivated in the feline lung. PGI2 also caused dose-related decreases in
      perfusion pressure in the renal, hindquarters and mesenteric vascular beds and
      had the greatest vasodilator activity in the mesenteric vascular bed. PGE1
      decreased perfusion pressure in the 3 regional beds, and the overall dilator
      effects of PGI2 and PGE1 in the peripheral circulation were quite smiliar. The
      present data show that PGI2 is a potent peripheral vasodilator in the cat and
      since this substance is not inactivated in the lung, it could serve as a
      circulating hormone in this species.

PMID- 393195
TI  - [Histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of the "tuft cell" in the
      gastrointestinal mucosa of hibernating animals (bats and marmots) and of humans].

PMID- 393194
TI  - Inhibition of vasoconstrictor responses by prostacyclin (PGI2) in the feline
      mesenteric vascular bed.
AB  - The effects of infusion of prostacyclin, PGI2, on vasoconstrictor responses to
      sympathetic nerve stimulation, norepinephrine and angiotensin II were
      investigated in the mesenteric vascular bed of the cat. Stimulation of the
      sympathetic nerves and intra-arterial injections of norepinephrine and
      angiotensin increased mesenteric perfusion pressure in a frequency and dose
      dependent manner. Responses to nerve stimulation and pressor hormones were
      reproducible and not altered by infusions of the Tris vehicle for PGI2 or the
      PGI2 breakdown product, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha. Infusions of PGI2, 1 and 0.3
      micrograms/min, decreased mesenteric arterial perfusion pressure and, at the
      higher infusion rate, markedly reduced responses to nerve stimulation,
      norepinephrine and angiotensin. At the lower infusion rate PGI2 caused small but
      significant reductions in responses to norepinephrine and nerve stimulation but
      did not alter responses to angiotensin. Results of these studies demonstrate that
      PGI2 possesses the ability to inhibit vasoconstrictor responses in the feline
      intestinal vascular bed and suggest that this effect is postjunctional.

PMID- 393196
TI  - Studies on lysozyme in articular cartilage.

PMID- 393197
TI  - [Clinical application of a fat emulsion "Intralipos"].

PMID- 393198
TI  - [Cytochemical and ultrastructural studies of the cell wall of Candida albicans
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The ultrastructural localization of polysaccharides in the cell wall of Candida
      albicans was carried out by means of Concanavalin A on glycol methacrylate
      ultrathin sections. The sections were incubated successively with horseradish
      peroxydase, 3-3' diaminobenzidine and H2O2, for revealing the binding sites of
      the lectin. This method allowed us to localize mannan, since Concanavalin A does
      not react with other polysaccharides of the C. albicans cell wall. In these
      conditions mannan was found to be located in two continuous reactive layers at
      the periphery of blastospores cell wall. The results are discussed in relation
      with those obtained by another method using the polysaccharide detection
      technique described by Thiery (PATAg).

PMID- 393199
TI  - Temperature control of nitrogen fixation in Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AB  - At growth temperatures above 37 degrees C, Klebsiella pneumoniae does not grow in
      a medium containing N2 or NO3- as nitrogen sources. However, both the growth in
      the presence of other nitrogen sources as well as the in vitro nitrogenase
      activity are not affected at this temperature. The inability to fix N2 at high
      temperature is due to the failure of the cells to synthesize nitrogenase and
      other nitrogen fixation (nif) gene encoded proteins. When cells grown under
      nitrogen fixing conditions at 30 degrees C were shifted to 39 degrees C, there
      was a rapid decrease of the rate of de novo biosynthesis of nitrogenase
      (component 1), nitrogenase reductase (component 2), and the nifJ gene product.
      There was no degradation of nitrogenase at the elevated temperature since
      preformed enzyme remained stable over a period of at least 3 h at 39 degrees C.
      Thus, temperature seems to represent a third control system, besides NH4+ and O2,
      governing the expression of nif genes of K. pneumoniae.

PMID- 393200
TI  - [Reticulo-histiocytosis in children. Nosology and classification].

PMID- 393201
TI  - Spontaneous fascial necrosis of the upper thigh by beta-hemolytic streptococci.
AB  - This is a case-report of a gangrene involving muscle and fascia of the left femur
      due to group A of beta-hemolytic streptococci without visible injury of the skin.
      The diagnosis was derived from germ-evidence and by course of anti
      desoxyribonuclease-B titer.

PMID- 393202
TI  - The stability of osteosyntheses bridging defects.
AB  - Segmental defects of 2 cm in the femoral midshaft of dogs were bridged with
      either single, double or a single plate and cortical bone graft. The massive bone
      transplant was fixed with screws opposite the plate in order to diminish harmful
      bending loads. The biomechanical behavior was tested under continuous increasing
      axial stress. The combined osteosynthesis of internal plate and contralateral
      cortical bone graft fixation increased the stability in the defect region
      significantly (see Figs. 3 and 4). The results of our tests are discussed with
      respect to the basic problem that the biological behavior of transplanted
      cortical bone depends mainly on absolute stability in the transplanted area. We
      think--although the transplantation of autologous cancellous bone should be
      favoured--the transplantation of massive bone grafts still has its indications
      under well defined conditions particularly when good mechanical stability is
      present.

PMID- 393203
TI  - Basic principles of treatment in pseudarthroses and malunion of fractures of the
      leg.

PMID- 393204
TI  - [Symptoms and therapy of spontaneous osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle
      in elder patients (author's transl)].
AB  - The author reports on symptoms, therapy and results of a follow-up of 17 patients
      with the rare disease of osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle. The therapy
      depends on the extend of the necrosis, the axis of the leg and the results of
      scintigraphy or scintimetry and arthrography or arthroscopy. Small necroses can
      be treated conservatively, but in case of a genu varum a valgus-osteotomie should
      be performed. Bigger necroses are bored or bolted combined with a valgus
      osteotomie, if necessary. Extensive osteonecroses can only be treated by partial
      endoprosthesis or autologue bone-cartilage-transplantation.

PMID- 393205
TI  - Mass lesion of the breast after augmentation mammoplasty.
AB  - Examination of the breast after augmentation mammoplasty may be relatively easy,
      but the evaluation of a mass lesion presents particular possibilities and
      problems. Closed compression capsulotomy occasionally results in rupture of the
      gel prosthesis, and when silicone contacts the surrounding breast tissue, a firm
      granuloma can result. A patient after augmentation mammoplasty had a mass lesion
      of the breast following trauma. At operation, the gel prosthesis was found to
      have ruptured and resulted in a silicone granuloma. A history of closed
      compression capsulotomy or trauma is important in the preoperative evaluation of
      such patients, and both the surgeon and the patient should be prepared to procede
      with replacement of the implant at the time of biopsy.

PMID- 393206
TI  - Inferior vena cava suture instrument.

PMID- 393208
TI  - Arizona State Dental Association directory/1978-1979.

PMID- 393209
TI  - Animal models of atherosclerosis, their contributions and pitfalls.

PMID- 393207
TI  - The edentulous atrophic maxilla: a surgical approach to enhance denture
      stability.

PMID- 393210
TI  - Vascular substances that modulate blood-to-vessel interactions.
AB  - The vessel wall contains powerful inhibitors of thrombogenesis. One substance, a
      proteoglycan, is a strong anticoagulant but has only a limited effect on platelet
      aggregation. It prolongs the thrombin clotting time and partial thromboplastin
      time, but only blocks platelet aggregation induced by thrombin. Another vessel
      wall constituent, a prostaglandin derivative (prostacyclin), is a potent
      inhibitor of platelet aggregation. It antagonizes platelet aggregation induced by
      a variety of agents including adenosine diphosphate, collagen, arachidonic acid
      and thrombin; however, its only effect on coagulation is through the inhibition
      of platelet factor-3 release. Proteoglycans and prostacyclin comlement each
      other's antithrombotic activities, and together serve to limit the hemostatic
      response of blood to vessel wall injury. Vessels devoid of the intima continue to
      produce prostacyclin. Prostacyclin produced by these vessels is probably more
      important than that produced by vessels with the intima in the prevention of
      thrombus deposition.

PMID- 393211
TI  - [Galina Semenovna Satiukova (on her 60th birthday)].

PMID- 393212
TI  - [Morphofunctional characteristics of the pancreas in the progeny from females
      with experimental hypothyroidism].
AB  - Histophysiological pancreatic indices were studied in 1-, 21- and 30-day-old
      offsprings of white non-lineal female rats that were given antithyreoid drug
      mercasolil in the dose 3 mg/kg of body weight during pregnancy and lactation.
      Chemical inhibition of maternal thyreoid function results in decreasing weight
      index of the offspring's pancreas, in decreasing section area of the terminal
      secretory parts, in narrowing the homogenous zone of exocrine pancreocytes, in
      decreasing the portion occupied by the endocrine part on the section area, as
      well as in decreasing the index of B/A cells ratio of pancreatic islands and of
      nuclear volume of basophilic insulocytes. It is possible to conclude from the
      data obtained that maternal hypothyreosis produced by mercasolil unfavourably
      affects the process of structural and functional setting and the status of the
      pancreas in the offspring.

PMID- 393213
TI  - [Structural organization of the juxtaglomerular complex of the kidney and its
      changes in the modelling of renovascular hypertension].
AB  - While studying a normal juxtaglomerular complex (JGC) under light optic and
      electron microscope, histotopographic dependence in distribution of its
      components in the renal cortical substance was stated. In normal periglomerular
      cells, processes of synthesis and excretion of renine granules are taking place
      that is demonstrated by the presence of young maturing, mature forms and
      subsequent excretion of their contents. In 157 rats during the development of
      experimental renovascular hypertension, correlation of the JGC of various classes
      of granularity was increasing towards the latter. Hyperfunction of the
      periglomerular cells is dynamically performed transferring from the accumulative
      type into the secretory one; this is proved by both changing in granularity index
      and correlation in stages of granule formation and excretion of their contents.
      Juxtavascular cells (Goormaghtigh's cells) and mesangiocytes are the reserve for
      renine production. Cellular reaction of macula densa is manifested in metaplasia
      of epitheliocytes of the distal part of the nephron, in increasing index of
      macula densa and in ultrastructural changes.

PMID- 393214
TI  - [Anatolii Anatol'evich Voitkevich].

PMID- 393215
TI  - Heart transplantation: human experimentation or therapeutic intervention?

PMID- 393216
TI  - Current concepts in bile secretion and cholestasis.

PMID- 393217
TI  - [Present status of heart transplants].

PMID- 393218
TI  - Distribution of fluoride in gingival fluid and dental plaque of dogs.

PMID- 393219
TI  - External septorhinoplasty.
AB  - One of the disadvantages of the usual endonasal technique of rhinoplasty is the
      poor surveyability of the surgical field. By joining the left and right marginal
      incision via a transverse columellar incision and elevating the skin of the
      columella and the dorsum nasi, the infrastructure of the nose can be exposed. The
      good exposition results in a meticulous surgery of the nasal dorsum, precise
      correction of the triangular cartilages, good access to the septum and more a
      curate augmentation procedures of the prespinal area, columella or nasal dorsum.
      This "external" approach is more or less a synthesis of the subcutaneous
      endonasal method and surgery under visual control, with the only sacrifice of a
      small scar which has marked advantages on the other hand. The results of the
      external approach to septorhinoplasty in 30 patients with cosmetic and functional
      complaints are discussed. No complications attributable to the method were seen.
      Especially for difficult cases as revisional operations, congenital nasal
      deformities and multiple traumatic damaged noses the external approach appears to
      be very useful.

PMID- 393220
TI  - [Nystagmometry and biocybernetics (author's transl)].
AB  - Nystagmus can be predicted or simulated by means of mathematical models. If the
      simulation seems to be successful the parameters of the model may be used for an
      adequate description of the nystagmic response. Considering the biocybernetics of
      the vestibulo-oculomotor system a minimal extent of computer-nystagmometry is
      determined. The efficient application of this method requires the knowledge of
      standard values for the involved parameters. These values have been determined
      for tests with sinusoidal rotatory stimulation. Age dependent nominal values can
      be computed and are compared with actual results. The differences are divided by
      the standard deviation; values less than 2 are supposed to be normal. Thus a
      first step of automatic assessment of the vestibular system's function becomes
      possible.

PMID- 393221
TI  - The vascular mantles of labyrinthine bone; a comparative anatomical study.
AB  - The vascular mantles of the endochondral layer of labyrinthine bone in dog (Canis
      f. intermedius Woldrich) and monkey (Pithecus fascicularis Raffl.) were examined
      by means of light and transmission electron microscopy and compared to those in
      man. A three-dimensional reconstruction of vessels and their vascular mantles is
      demonstrated. It is shown that these mantles only cover parts of the vessel.
      Using polarized light one can find vascular mantles containing lamellar
      fragments. By means of transmission electron microscopy a canalization of
      perivascular mantle matrix can be demonstrated. The ultrastructure of cells in
      mantle zones shows that these cells are osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts.
      Signs of osteocytolysis are found. The importance of oxygenation via canalization
      of the vascular mantle matrix is discussed as well as the importance of lacking
      biomechanical stress in endochondral layer as to their influence on formation of
      vascular mantles. According to the "embryologic character" of endochondral layer
      an analogy between incomplete osteons which are to be found in developing woven
      bone and vascular mantles is considered.

PMID- 393222
TI  - The orthodontic management of the teenage cleft palate patient. Case reports.

PMID- 393224
TI  - Progress in renal transplantation.

PMID- 393223
TI  - Labetalol in the treatment of hypertension in general practice.

PMID- 393225
TI  - The complications of renal transplantation.

PMID- 393226
TI  - The contributions of Sir John Loewenthal to surgical science.

PMID- 393227
TI  - Living related renal transplantation: experience in 22 cases.
AB  - Twenty-two living related renal transplant operations have been performed at
      Prince Henry's Hospital over the last seven years. Donors have been accepted for
      nephrectomy only after exhaustive examination of their health and serach for
      renal disease. The one and three year graft survival rates have been 85% and 64%
      respectively. Only two recipients have died, and recipient morbidity has been
      low. Donors have not suffered any serious complication from nephrectomy. It is
      concluded that living related renal transplantation has many advantages over
      cadaveric renal transplantation and is a relatively safe procedure for the donor,
      provided that rigid criteria are used in donor selection.

PMID- 393228
TI  - Transplant renal artery stenosis.
AB  - Renal artery stenosis occurred in 13.5% of 229 consecutive cadaver renal
      transplants performed at the Royal Melbourne Hospital over an eight and a half
      year period. Clinical and laboratory indices which suggested the diagnosis were
      examined. The presence and severity of hypertension were of little predictive
      value, while deterioration of renal function for which other causes had been
      excluded and the histological appearance of renal biopsy speciments were valuable
      in suggesting the diagnosis. A selective approach in both investigation and
      attempted surgical repair is recommended.

PMID- 393229
TI  - Cancer following renal transplantation.
AB  - Ninety-nine (21%) of 471 patients who survived with functioning grafts for at
      least six months following renal transplantation developed cancer. Of these 76
      (77%) had skin malignancy, 29 (29%) had malignancy affecting other organs, and
      six had cancer of both skin and other organs. In patients with skin cancer
      squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was three times as frequent as basal cell carcinoma
      (BCC). SCC tended to be multiple, recurrent and aggressive. Seven (12%) patients
      with SCC developed metastases of whom five died. Cancers other than skin included
      reticulum cell sarcoma (9), acute leukaemia (2) and cancers involving the
      gastrointestinal (5), genitourinary (11) and respiratory (2) systems. Incidence
      of cancer in patients surviving beyond one, five and nine years after operation
      was 98/428 (23%), 70/179 (39%) and 20/45 (44%) respectively. In 31 patients who
      died more than five years after transplantation cancer was the major cause in
      eight (26%). For the types of cancers recorded estimates show allograft
      recipients to be at increased risk when compared with the age-matched Australian
      population by factors which varied from 300 times for reticulum cell sarcoma to
      1.8 times for invasive carcinoma of the cervix. The full extent of the threat of
      cancer in immune suppressed transplant recipients remains to be determined.

PMID- 393231
TI  - Lymphocele after renal transplantation.
AB  - Lymphoceles occurred in 25 of 115 patients after renal transplantation in the
      Oxford Unit. Signs of obstruction or pressure were produced in 16 of these 25
      patients (15%), while nine were detected on a routine ultrasound scan. The 16
      symptomatic lymphoceles were treated successfully by aspiration or surgical
      fenestration into the peritoneal cavity . Of the possible causes examined,
      diathermy and division of iliac lymphatics seemed to be the most likely reason
      for this high incidence. Since a technique of ligating or clipping the iliac
      lymphatics has been adopted, no lymphoceles have occurred in the subsequent 70
      transplants.

PMID- 393230
TI  - Gastrointestinal complications following renal transplantation.
AB  - Gastrointestinal complications occurred in 19 of 290 recipients (6.6%) of the 325
      cadaveric renal allografts undertaken between September 1969 and December 1978.
      The mortality was 42.1%. Upper gastrointestinal complications, principally
      haemorrhage, occurred in 12 patients (4.1%), 11 of whom were males, usually
      within four months of transplantation, and often associated with acute rejection
      and its treatment. Surgery was required in five patients. The overall mortality
      was 16.7%. Colonic complications occurred in five patients (1.7%), four of whom
      died, the absence of specific signs having led to a significant delay in
      diagnosis. One patient died from abdominal vascular disease, and one from
      carcinoma of the gallbladder. To decrease the high morbidity and mortality, both
      medical and appropriate surgical prophylaxis for peptic ulceration and
      diverticular disease are necessary, as is an awareness of the transplant
      recipient's propensity to develop a gastrointestinal complication at any time, up
      to years after transplantation. Early recognition and treatment of such
      complications are essential.

PMID- 393232
TI  - Further experience with an external ureterovesical anastomosis in renal
      transplantation.
AB  - Review of the results of the use of an external ureterovesical anastomosis in 266
      renal transplantations showed that urinary fistulae occurred in 34 patients
      (12.8%), and ureteric obstruction in six (2.3%). The fistulae were due to
      technical failure of the anastomosis in 13 patients, to distal ureteric necrosis
      in 13, to total ureteric necrosis in six, and to other causes in two. Fistula
      management was successful in 26 cases (76.5%), but multiple operations were often
      necessary and wound complications frequent (41.2%). The continuing high incidence
      of urological complications following ureterovesical anastomosis has resulted in
      increasing use of ureteroneocystostomy as the primary form of urinary
      reconstruction after transplantation in this unit.

PMID- 393233
TI  - A vascular surgeon's approach to renal transplantation.
AB  - The blood vessels and blood supply are of first importance in organ
      transplantation, and the use of established vascular surgical principles and
      techniques can simplify renal grafting and reduce its risks and complications.
      This paper describes a vascular surgeon's approach to the problems of donor
      nephrectomy, kidney insertion, and the avoidance and management of complications,
      based on the surgical experience in the Royal Melbourne Hospital of some 350
      transplants.

PMID- 393234
TI  - Purse string placement for staple anastomosis using the end-to-end anastomosis
      stapling instrument.
AB  - There may be technical difficulties in the use of recommended clamp for the
      insertion of the purse-string suture during the construction of an end-to-end
      staple anastomosis. Hand sewing the purse string eliminates some of the problems,
      but unless the suture is positioned within a few millimetres of the cut edge of
      the bowel, ischaemic tissue may be included in the staple line. In dogs, this
      leads to anastomotic dehiscence. The anastomosis may, however, be protected by
      excising the ischaemic tissue and reinforcing the staple line with sutures. An
      "over and over" purse-string technique is now preferred to minimize the risk of
      this occurring.

PMID- 393235
TI  - A comparison of flushing fluids for initial perfusion of kidneys for
      transplantation.
AB  - Four solutions for initial flushing of kidneys prior to transplantation were
      tested under conditions designed to resemble those of clinical cadaveric donor
      renal transplantation. The experimental model was the dog subjected to bilateral
      nephrectomy with renal autograft. Kidney grafts were subjected to 15 minutes'
      anoxia in vivo, 30 minutes' warm ischaemia at 37 degrees C ex vivo, and two
      hours' cold ischaemia before reimplantation. The four solutions used were Collins
      (C3), Perfudex (P), hyperosmolar citrate (HC), and a solution of bovine albumin
      containing dog red blood cells (BBA). Effects of the flushing fluids were
      compared by parameters relating to dog survival, renal function, and serum enzyme
      levels. With all parameters studied the best results occurred in HC perfused
      kidneys. Results with BBA perfusion were marginally worse, while C3 perfused
      kidneys were again inferior. P perfused kidneys clearly did least well. The
      results support the use of HC for clinical application.

PMID- 393237
TI  - The archives of the Royal Australasian College of Radiologists. Guide to the
      history collection. Sundry accessions H657 - H680.

PMID- 393236
TI  - Obituary. Peter Quinlan Goy.

PMID- 393238
TI  - Infantile cortical hyperostosis in Indonesian infants in Jakarta. (report of 23
      cases).

PMID- 393239
TI  - Characterization of a picornavirus isolated from broiler chicks.
AB  - The rectal content of an apparently normal 1-week-old broiler chick yielded an
      unclassified cytopathogenic virus with cytopathic effects of the round type. It
      was identified as a picornavirus from the following: ribonucleic acid in the
      viral core; virus growth in the cytoplasm; a particle about 30 nm in diameter;
      resistance to ethyl ether, chloroform, trypsin, and acid; relative heat-lability;
      and partial stabilization to molar magnesium chloride. The virus was stable under
      freezing and thawing, and sonication. It was distinguished from avian
      encephalomyelitis virus by the neutralization test.

PMID- 393240
TI  - Prophylactic and therapeutic activity of Rofenaid-40A in an experimental
      Escherichia coli airsac infection in chickens.
AB  - Rofenaid at a 0.02% dose level in feed was effective prophylactically and
      therapeutically against an experimentally induced Escherichia coli airsac
      infection in chickens. The activity of Rofenaid compared very favorably with that
      of the approved dose level of NF-180. Furthermore, the prophylactic use of
      Rofenaid did not interfere with the therapeutic efficacy of NF-180.

PMID- 393241
TI  - Candidiasis in cockatiel nestlings and mucormycosis in a pigeon.
AB  - Deaths of cockatiel nestlings caused by Candida albicans, and of a pigeon caused
      by air-sac infection with Absidia corymbifera, are described. Lesions in the
      cockatiels were pseudomembranes and ulcers in the mouth, esophagus, and crop. In
      the pigeon the air sacs were thickened and contained a grayish gelatinous
      exudate.

PMID- 393242
TI  - Effect of transdermally administered scopolamine in preventing motion sickness.
AB  - The efficacy of transdermally administered scopolamine was compared with the
      efficacy of oral dimenhydrinate and placebo therapy in the prevention of motion
      induced mausea in a vertical oscillator; medications were administered on a
      double-blind cross-over basis, with the order of treatments counterbalanced.
      Thirty-five subjects known to be susceptible to the stimulus were utilized. A
      placebo effect reduced the motion sickness incidence (MSI) from 100% to 59%.
      Administration of dimenhydrinate reduced the MSI to 32%, and use of the
      transdermal therapeutic system scopolamine (TTS-scopolamine) further reduced the
      MSI TO 16%. TTS-scopolamine afforded 73% protection against motion-induced
      nausea, compared to 46% protection with dimenhydrinate. The TTS-scopolamine is
      designed to remain in the body for 72 hours, providing advantages over
      intramuscular or oral administration of scopolamine, which include reduced daily
      dosage, and an effective alternate to the gastrointestinal tract for
      administrating medication at times of gastrointestinal distress.

PMID- 393243
TI  - The Louis H. Bauer lecture: medical education: historical perspectives and future
      directions.

PMID- 393244
TI  - In-vitro identification of labile toxin (LT)-producing Escherichia coli by
      passive hemagglutination inhibition.

PMID- 393245
TI  - The effectiveness of various treatment techniques on different degrees and
      durations of sleep-onset insomnia.

PMID- 393246
TI  - Temperature self-regulation and relaxation with migraine patients and normals.

PMID- 393247
TI  - Purification of the membrane-bound hydrogenase of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The membrane-bound hydrogenase (EC class 1.12) of aerobically grown Escherichia
      coli cells was solubilized by treatment with deoxycholate and pancreatin. The
      enzyme was further purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by chromoatographic
      methods, including hydrophobic-interaction chromatography, with a yield of 10% as
      judged by activity and an overall purification of 2140-fold. The hydrogenase was
      a dimer of identical subunits with a mol.wt. of 113,000 and contained 12 iron and
      12 acid-labile sulphur atoms per molecule. The epsilon 400 was 49,000M-1 . cm-1.
      The hydrogenase catalysed both H2 evolution and H2 uptake with a variety of
      artificial electron carriers, but would not interact with flavodoxin, ferredoxin
      or nicotinamide and flavin nucleotides. We were unable to identify any
      physiological electron carrier for the hydrogenase. With Methyl Viologen as the
      electron carrier, the pH optimum for H2 evolution and H2 uptake was 6.5 and 8.5
      respectively. The enzyme was stable for long periods at neutral pH, low
      temperatures and under anaerobic conditions. The half-life of the hydrogenase
      under air at room temperature was about 12 h, but it could be stabilized by
      Methyl Viologen and Benzyl Viologen, both of which are electron carriers for the
      enzyme, and by bovine serum albumin. The hydrogenase was strongly inhibited by
      carbon monoxide (Ki = 1870Pa), heavy-metal salts and high concentrations of
      buffers, but was resistant to inhibition by thiol-blocking and metal-complexing
      reagents. These aerobically grown E. coli cells lacked formate hydrogenlyase
      activity and cytochrome c552.

PMID- 393248
TI  - The exchange of histidine C-2 protons in superoxide dismutases. A novel method
      for assigning histidine-metal ligands in proteins.
AB  - The rates of exchange of the C-2 protons of histidine residues in copper-zinc
      superoxide dismutase are substantially decreased by metal ion binding. This
      observation was used to distinguish between ligand and non ligand histidine
      residues in bovine and yeast copper-zinc superoxide dismutases; the effect was
      shown to depend only on metal ion co-ordination and not as a consequence of
      concomitant changes in protein structure. Selective deuteration of the zinc-only
      proteins at pH (uncorrected pH-meter reading) 8.2 and 50 degrees C resulted in
      the distinction between copper and zinc ligand resonances in the 1H n.m.r.
      spectrum of the enzymes. This method is proposed as a generally applicable
      technique for identifying histidine residues as ligands in metalloproteins.

PMID- 393249
TI  - Comparison of glyoxalase I purified from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with
      the enzyme from mammalian sources.
AB  - Glyoxalase I from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) purified by affinity
      chromatography on S-hexylglutathione-Sepharose 6B was characterized and compared
      with the enzyme from rat liver, pig erythrocytes and human erythrocytes. The
      molecular weight of glyoxalase I from yeast was, like the enzyme from
      Rhodospirillum rubrum and Escherichia coli, significantly less (approx. 32000)
      than that of the enzyme from mammals (approx. 46000). The yeast enzyme is a
      monomer, whereas the mammalian enzymes are composed of two very similar or
      identical subunits. The enzymes contain 1Zn atom per subunit. The isoelectric
      points (at 4 degrees C) for the yeast and mammalian enzymes are at pH7.0 and 4.8
      respectively; tryptic-peptide ;maps' display corresponding dissimilarities in
      structure. These and some additional data indicate that the microbial and the
      mammalian enzymes may have separate evolutionary origins. The similarities
      demonstrated in mechanistic and kinetic properties, on the other hand, indicate
      convergent evolution. The k(cat.) and K(m) values for the yeast enzyme were both
      higher than those for the enzyme from the mammalian sources with the
      hemimercaptal adduct of methylglyoxal or phenylglyoxal as the varied substrate
      and free glutathione at a constant and physiological concentration (2mm).
      Glyoxalase I from all sources investigated had a k(cat.)/K(m) value near 10(7)s(
      1).m(-1), which is close to the theoretical diffusion-controlled rate of enzyme
      substrate association. The initial-velocity data show non-Michaelian rate
      saturation and apparent non-linear inhibition by free glutathione for both yeast
      and mammalian enzyme. This rate behaviour may have physiological importance,
      since it counteracts the effects of fluctuations in total glutathione
      concentrations on the glyoxalase I-dependent metabolism of 2-oxoaldehydes.

PMID- 393250
TI  - Purification and properties of Klebsiella aerogenes D-arabitol dehydrogenase.
AB  - An Escherichia coli K12 strain was constructed that synthesized elevated
      quantities of Klebsiella aerogenes D-arabitol dehydrogenase; the enzyme accounted
      for about 5% of the soluble protein in this strain. Some 280 mg of enzyme was
      purified from 180 g of cell paste. The purified enzyme was active as a monomer of
      46,000 mol.wt. The amino acid composition and kinetic constants of the enzyme for
      D-arabitol and D-mannitol are reported. The apparent Km for D-mannitol was more
      than 3-fold that for D-arabitol, whereas the maximum velocities with both
      substrates were indistinguishable. The enzyme purified from the E. coli K12
      construct was indistinguishable by the criteria of molecular weight,
      electrophoretic mobility in native polyacrylamide gel and D-mannitol/D-arabitol
      activity ratio from D-arabitol dehydrogenase synthesized in wild-type K.
      aerogenes. Purified D-arabitol dehydrogenase showed no immunological cross
      reaction with K. aerogenes ribitol dehydrogenase. During electrophoresis in
      native polyacrylamide gels, oxidation by persulphate catalysed the formation of
      inactive polymeric forms of the enzyme. Dithiothreitol and pre-electrophoresis
      protected against this polymerization.

PMID- 393251
TI  - Impairment of the catalytic activity of Escherichia coli ribonucleic acid
      polymerase by a unique reaction of 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan.
AB  - Escherichia coli RNA polymerase loses 55-65% of its catalytic activity on
      reaction with Nbf-Cl (4-choro-7-nitrobenzofurazan). This partial inactivation was
      shown to be the result of specific impairment of RNA-chain elongation, since
      initiation of RNA chains was not altered after treatment with Nbf-Cl. The site of
      reaction was shown to be a unique thiol on the beta-subunit. This thiol is not
      accessible to reaction with 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid). No protection
      of the enzyme against reaction with Nbf-Cl could be obtained with the inhibitor
      rifamycin nor with calf thymus DNA, GTP or 1,10-phenanthroline, indicating that
      the unique thiol is probably not within the active site. The specific impairment
      of RNA-chain elongation thus appears to be the result of a local conformational
      change which leaves chain initiation unimpaired. Changes observed in the
      tryptophan fluorescence spectrum of the enzyme or reaction with Nbf-Cl are
      consistent with formation of a Meisenheimer complex of the reagent with a
      nucleophilic group on the enzyme near the reactive thiol. It is proposed that
      formation of such a complex and a subsequent conformational change renders this
      thiol unusually susceptible to reaction with Nbf-Cl.

PMID- 393252
TI  - The anion-transport protein of the human erythrocyte membrane. Studies on
      fragments produced by pepsin digestion.
AB  - We have studied the fragmentation by pepsin in 1 M-acetic acid of the erythrocyte
      anion-transport protein in erythrocyte membranes. The location of the fragments
      obtained was determined by radioiodinating the protein with the use of
      lactoperoxidase, and identifying the labelled peptides obtained in peptide "maps"
      of thermolysin digests of the fragments. Three of the fragments were found to be
      related overlapping products, and shared a common C-terminus. The major site of
      pepsin cleavage leading to the C-termini of these fragments was shown to be close
      to the major site of extracellular cleavage of the protein by proteinases active
      at a neutral pH. Another two fragments were isolated and shown to be derived from
      the C-terminal portion of the protein. No well-defined large radioactive
      fragments of the protein were solubilized from the membrane by pepsin in 1 M
      acetic acid, the bulk of the radioactivity attributable to the anion transport
      protein being recovered in very small fragments that could not be resolved by
      sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Our results suggest
      that the polypeptide chain of the anion-transport protein emerges at the
      extracellular face of the membrane 8000-13000 daltons on the N-terminal side of
      the major site of extracellular cleavage of the protein by proteinases that are
      active at a neutral pH.

PMID- 393253
TI  - Synthesis of cytoplasmic membrane during growth and division of Escherichia coli.
      Dispersive behaviour of respiratory nitrate reductase.
AB  - We have used the penicillin selection method of Autissier & Kepes [(1972)
      Biochimie 54, 93--101] to study the segregation of membrane-bound respiratory
      nitrate reductase (EC 1.9.6.1) in Escherichia coli for the three generations
      after cessation of nitrate reductase synthesis caused by withdrawal of nitrate
      from the growth medium. We also included a physical separation procedure that
      permitted direct assay for nitrate reductase activity among all fractions
      produced by the penicillin selection method. We conclude that the segregation of
      nitrate reductase after cell division is dispersive, and not semi-conservative as
      proposed by Autissier & Kepes (1972).

PMID- 393254
TI  - Tissue and subcellular distribution of the lectin from Datura stramonium (thorn
      apple).
AB  - Plants of Datura stramonium (thorn-apple) were dissected into their component
      tissues and examined for the presence of the Datura lectin. This lectin was
      easily detected in seeds and in various parts of the flowers of adult plants.
      Traces were also found in green (emerged) cotyledons and roots of seedlings. The
      specific lectin activity in seeds contained within the fruits increased as the
      seeds matured. Mature seeds were homogenized in sucrose and separated by
      differential centrifugation into four fractions, three of which were clearly of
      distinct composition. Most of the lectin activity sedimented with the low-speed
      (cell-wall/protein-body) pellet, but a similar specific activity was recovered
      from the other fractions. However, if EDTA was included in the homogenization
      medium, three or four times more lectin activity was recovered in the soluble
      fraction. Immunofluorescent staining of formaldehyde-fixed sections showed that
      the lectin was localized in the cytoplasm, with little associated with cell
      walls. The possible relevance of these results to the function of the lectin in
      plant cells is discussed.

PMID- 393255
TI  - The reaction of cytochrome omicron in Escherichia coli with oxygen. Low
      temperature kinetic and spectral studies.
AB  - 1. The reactions of cytochrome omicron in intact cells of aerobically grown
      Escherichia coli with O2 and CO have been studied at low temperature. 2. Flash
      photolysis of CO-liganded cells in the presence of O2 and at temperatures between
      -79 and -102 degrees C results in the oxidation of kinetically heterogeneous beta
      type cytochromes (including cytochrome omicron), but not of cytochrome d. 3. The
      reaction of reduced cytochrome omicron with O2 involves O2 binding to give
      intermediate(s) with spectral characteristics similar to that of the reduced
      oxidase-CO complex. Observation in the alpha-region suggests that unexplained
      ligand dissociation accompanies the initial O2 binding. 4. At temperatures below 
      98 degrees C, an 'end point' in the reaction is reached; further reaction and
      oxidation of cytochrome omicron occurs on raising the temperature. 5. There is a
      linear relationship between the rate of formation of the oxygen compound and the
      O2 concentration up to 0.5 mM. The second-order constant for its formation (k+1)
      is 0.91 M-1.S-1 at -101 degrees C. The reaction is not readily reversible, the
      value of k-1 being 1.4 X 10(-5) S-1 and the kd 1.5 X 10(-5) M. 6. The energy of
      activation for this reaction at low temperatures is 29.9kJ (7.1 kcal)/mol. 7. The
      reaction with O2 is distinguished from that with CO by the markedly lower
      velocity and high photolytic reversibility of the latter. 8. Comparisons are
      drawn between the intermediate(s) in the O2 reaction of cytochrome omicron in E.
      coli and those identified in other bacteria and in the reaction of cytochrome aa3
      with O2.

PMID- 393258
TI  - Specific interaction of initiation factor IF2 of E. coli with formylmethionyl
      tRNA f Met.

PMID- 393256
TI  - Two forms of 'malic' enzyme with different regulatory properties in Trypanosoma
      cruzi.
AB  - 1. Cell-free extracts from culture epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi contained
      two forms of NADP+-linked 'malic' enzyme (EC 1.1.1.40), I and II, with the same
      molecular weight but different electrophoretic mobilities and kinetic and
      regulatory properties. 2. The apparent Km for L-malate was lower for 'malic'
      enzyme I, with hyperbolic kinetics, whereas the kinetic pattern for 'malic'
      enzyme II was slightly sigmoidal (h 1.4). The kinetics for NADPH were hyperbolic
      for 'malic' enzyme I, and very complex for 'malic' enzyme II, suggesting both
      positive and negative co-operativity. 3. 'Malic' enzyme II was markedly inhibited
      by adenine nucleotides; AMP was the the most effective, at least in the presence
      of an excess of MnCl2. 'Malic' enzyme I was much less affected by the
      nucleotides. Both enzyme forms were inhibited by oxaloacetate, competitively
      towards L-malate, but the apparent Ki for 'malic' enzyme I (9 microM) was 10-fold
      lower than the value for 'malic' enzyme II. 'Malic' enzyme II, but not 'malic'
      enzyme I, was activated by L-aspartate and succinate (apparent Ka of 0.12 and 0.5
      mM respectively); the activators caused a decrease in the apparent Km for L
      malate and, to a lesser extent, in the apparent Km for NADP+. L-Aspartate, but
      not succinate, increased the apparent Vmax. 4. The inhibition by AMP suggests
      regulation by energy charge, with the L-malate-decarboxylation reaction catalysed
      by 'malic' enzyme II fulfilling a biosynthetic role. The inhibition by
      oxaloacetate and the activation by succinate are probably involved in the
      regulation of the 'partial aerobic fermentation' of glucose which yields
      succinate as final product. The activation by L-aspartate would facilitate the
      catabolism of this amino acid, when present in excess in the growth medium.

PMID- 393257
TI  - Benzene from bacterial cleavage of the carbon-phosphorus bond of
      phenylphosphonates.
AB  - An organism, identified as a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, was proved by
      direct assay to utilize ionic methyl phenylphosphonate as sole phosphorus source.
      One product from C-P-bond cleavage was identified as benzene by combined g.l.c.
      mass spectrometry. The molar yield of benzene from the phosphonate was 89%.

PMID- 393259
TI  - Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase in the fungus Aspergillus nidulans.

PMID- 393260
TI  - Immunochemical localization of epoxide hydratase in rat liver: effects of 2
      acetylaminofluorene.

PMID- 393261
TI  - Analysis of the protein-kinase activity of Escherichia coli cells.

PMID- 393262
TI  - Induction of sexual cell agglutinability of A mating type cells by alpha-factor
      in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 393263
TI  - Reconstitution of LAC carrier function in cholate-extracted membranes from
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 393264
TI  - Isolation of a soluble enzyme complex comprising the ubiquinone-8 synthesis
      apparatus from the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 393265
TI  - Amino acid sequence of yeast proteinase B inhibitor 1 comparison with inhibitor
      2.

PMID- 393266
TI  - Mutation induction and mutation suppression by natural sunlight.

PMID- 393267
TI  - Prostacyclin as a circulatory hormone.

PMID- 393268
TI  - Sir Rudolph Peters--ninety years.

PMID- 393270
TI  - Progress and peril. A report on the status of state licensure.

PMID- 393269
TI  - Intravascular factors affecting diazepam binding to human serum albumin.

PMID- 393271
TI  - The role of the speech-language pathologist and audiologist in learning
      disabilities.

PMID- 393272
TI  - Glen Kennedy: an interview. Interview by Russell L. Malone.

PMID- 393273
TI  - Presidential report.

PMID- 393274
TI  - Breaking out of the centrifuge.

PMID- 393275
TI  - New opportunities for speech-language pathologists and audiologists.

PMID- 393276
TI  - [Scandalous plagiarisms in Spanish dentistry of the 19th century, or contribution
      to knowledge of nineteenth century epistemology].

PMID- 393277
TI  - [Working models, their preparation and treatment].

PMID- 393278
TI  - [Fortunes and misfortunes of the "St. Apollonia" by Francisco de Zurbaran (1598
      1664)].

PMID- 393279
TI  - Blockade of acute opiate-withdrawal symptoms by trazodone treatment.

PMID- 393280
TI  - [Mutagenicity tests of 2-iodomethyl-4-oxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane (cis-trans)
      Domiodol MG 13608].

PMID- 393281
TI  - [Indications for coronary arteriography].

PMID- 393282
TI  - [Abnormal eye movements as neurological manifestations (author's transl)].

PMID- 393283
TI  - Oral candidal populations in health and disease.

PMID- 393284
TI  - New cements for lining and pulp capping.

PMID- 393285
TI  - A visible light-cured composite restorative. A clinical trial.

PMID- 393286
TI  - A comparative study of methyldopa and labetalol in the treatment of hypertension.
AB  - 1 Twenty patients with essential hypertension completed a double-blind, dose
      tritrated, cross-over comparison of methyldopa and labetalol. 2 Average lying BPs
      (systolic/diastolic) were reduced by 28/15 mmHg with methyldopa and by 23/15 mmHg
      with labetalol. 3 Average standing BPs (systolic/diastolic) were reduced by 29/14
      mmHg with methyldopa and by 29/15 mmHg with labetalol. 4 Both lying and standing
      heart rates were reduced with labetalol. 5 It is concluded that the
      antihypertensive properties of labetalol and methyldopa are similar but that
      larger patient populations are needed to study the relative incidence of
      subjective adverse effects.

PMID- 393287
TI  - A multicentre open trial of labetalol in New Zealand.
AB  - 1 In a multicentre open trial, labetalol was given to 128 patients in ten
      centres. Forty-three patients had not previously received antihypertensive
      therapy; the remainder (85 patients) had been on antihypertensive therapy with
      either unsatisfactory BP control or troublesome side-effects. 2 Thirty-two
      patients were withdrawn from the trial in the first 6 months of therapy, 24 (19%
      of the total) because of side-effects. 3 Control of BP was generally satisfactory
      or considerably improved. Other drugs (usually a diuretic) had to be added in 23
      patients. 4 There was an abnormality of liver function in one patient; otherwise
      there were no biochemical or haematological problems.

PMID- 393288
TI  - Treatment of severe hypertension by repeated bolus injections of labetalol.

PMID- 393289
TI  - The reduction of forceps in primigravidae with epidural analgesia--a controlled
      trial.

PMID- 393290
TI  - Recurrent appendix abscess in the groin.

PMID- 393291
TI  - Treatment of hypertension with a beta-adrenoceptor blocker. A multicentre trial
      with pindolol.

PMID- 393292
TI  - Carcinoembryonic antigen in endoscopic brush specimens from benign and malignant
      gastric lesions.
AB  - The measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum and endoscopic brush
      specimens was evaluated for the differential diagnosis of malignant and
      nonmalignant gastric disease. Brush specimens were studied from 33 patients with
      gastric cancer and 36 patients with benign gastric lesions or apparently normal
      gastric mucosa. Demonstrable CEA immunoreactivity was found by radioimmunoassay
      in brush specimens from 24/33 cancer patients (73%) and from 23/36 patients with
      benign lesions (64%). Patients with CEA+ tissue in the immunoperoxidase test had
      somewhat higher CEA concentrations in the brush specimens than cases with CEA-
      biopsy tissue, although overlap was considerable. Thirty-five per cent of cancer
      patients had both a positive tissue CEA reaction and a CEA/DNA ratio greater than
      10 ng/micrograms, whilst patients with benign lesions had only 15% of positives
      by these criteria (0.01 greater than P greater than 0.001). The serum CEA
      concentration was above the upper normal level of 5 ng/ml in 2/39 patients, both
      of whom had gastric cancer. The CEA immunoreactive material from benign and
      malignant lesions eluted in gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 in the same volume
      as CEA purified from liver metastases of cancer of the colon, showing that a
      glycoprotein sharing immunological and physicochemical properties with CEA is
      present both in malignant and nonmalignant lesions of the gastric mucosa, and
      that there is considerable overlapping in the amount of CEA. The estimation of
      CEA in gastric-brush specimens is therefore of limited value in the differential
      diagnosis of benign and malignant gastric lesions.

PMID- 393293
TI  - Failure of leucocyte-adherence-inhibition assays to discriminate between benign
      and malignant breast diseases.

PMID- 393294
TI  - The "cocktail party syndrome" in children with hydrocephalus and spina bifida.

PMID- 393295
TI  - Non-excretory multiple myeloma.
AB  - The clinical and laboratory features in five patients with non-excretory myeloma
      are described including plasma cell immunofluorescence and, in two cases,
      ultrastructure. Findings are compared with those in similar patients previously
      reported, and those in excretory disease. Clinical, haematological and
      biochemical features were similar to those found in excretory myeloma, showing
      differences only in relation to the absence of serum or urinary monoclonal
      immunoglobin. Cellular cytological and ultrastructural features allowed no
      differentiation from excretory cells. Within this non-excretory group distinction
      between secretory and non-secretory myeloma cells is possible on the basis of
      immunofluorescence. Differing patterns of intermittent excretion occurred in
      three of these patients.

PMID- 393297
TI  - Kinetics of CFU-c population after autologous bone marrow graft.

PMID- 393296
TI  - Prostaglandins as inhibitors of human platelet aggregation.
AB  - The potencies of prostaglandins (PG) I2, PGD2 and PGE1 as inhibitors of human
      platelet aggregation induced by threshold concentrations of four aggregating
      agents were determined in platelet-rich plasma from normal individuals who had
      not ingested aspirin. The order of activity against ADP, adrenaline and collagen
      was always PGI2 greater than PGD2 greater than PGE1. However, PGD2 and PGE1 were
      almost equipotent with PGI2 when tested against arachidonic acid (AA). The
      threshold inhibitory effects of PGD2, PGE1 and PGI2 could be over come by
      increasing the concentrations of the aggregating agents AA, collagen or ADP.
      Adrenaline was found to be different from the other aggregating agents. It could
      overcome inhibition of platelet aggregation by PGD2 but could not overcome
      inhibition by PGI2 or PGE1. These facts support the hypothesis that platelet
      receptors for PGI2 and PGE1 are similar to each other and different from the
      receptor(s) for PGD2. PRP obtained from normal subjects after the ingestion of
      aspirin exhibited only one wave of aggregation in response to ADP, adrenaline or
      collagen, PGI2, PGD2 and PGE1 were all powerful inhibitors of this single wave of
      aggregation. The inhibitory activity of all three prostaglandins at threshold
      concentrations was overcome by increasing the concentration of ADP or collagen
      but not by increasing the concentration of adrenaline.

PMID- 393298
TI  - Circulating levels of pregnancy specific beta 1 glycoprotein in pregnancies
      complicated by diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Circulating levels of SP1 were measured in 20 insulin dependent diabetic women
      during the third trimester of pregnancy. With one exception, SP1 levels were
      between the 80 per cent confidence limits of the normal range. The exception was
      a patient who was delivered of a normal infant at 37 weeks but had consistently
      low levels of SP1 from 32 weeks until delivery, suggesting a specific defect in
      SP1 synthesis.

PMID- 393299
TI  - A prospective, controlled trial of six forms of hormone replacement therapy given
      to postmenopausal women.
AB  - This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of various forms of hormone
      replacement therapy (HRT) upon postmenopausal women while controlling as many
      variables as possible. It was felt that the age, duration of amenorrhoea and the
      general health of the patients should be as comparable as possible and that each
      patient should provide her own pretherapy and post-therapy control data. In
      addition, it was felt that any placebo effect should be investigated and the
      patients were therefore randomly allocated to placebo tablets or one of six
      available forms of HRT. The age/sex registers of two large general practices were
      scrutinized and all women between 49 and 54 years of age were asked to cooperate;
      for a variety of reasons only 56 women were suitable and willing to take part in
      the project, yielding 8 women for each of the seven possible therapy groups.
      Blood samples were taken at 7-day intervals three times before therapy was given
      and the mean of the three values was used as the control value. The women
      returned on day 21 of each subsequent therapy cycle for six consecutive months
      and finally three months after discontinuing therapy. From the data the following
      broad conclusions can be drawn: (i) some women have classic symptoms of hot
      flushes and sweating despite high endogenous oestrogen concentrations; (ii)
      vaginal cytology is a relatively poor indicator of endogenous oestrogen status;
      (iii) while follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)
      concentrations are reduced on HRT neither is decreased to anywhere near
      premenopausal values while prolactin is unaffected; (iv) plasma cholesterol
      levels are reduced on HRT, the pulse rate is slower and both systolic and
      diastolic blood pressure are reduced to a small but significant extent; (v) there
      is no adverse effect upon blood clotting; and (vi) most women experience
      significant or complete relief of symptoms on all forms of HRT as do some women
      taking a placebo. The combined preparations containing an oestrogen and
      progestogen produced vaginal bleeding in only 80 per cent of the women. Thus
      protection by regular endometrical shedding may not be afforded to all women. As
      vaginal bleeding is unacceptable to most women if they can achieve the same
      symptomatic relief without inducing menstruation, it is suggested that women have
      a low dose oestrogen preparation prescribed cyclically for 6 to 12 months. If
      therapy is to be maintained for a longer time, uterine curretage should be
      undertaken at regular intervals to exclude the possibility of endometrial
      carcinoma developing.

PMID- 393301
TI  - Electrophoretic behavior of polysomes isolated from amino acid starved
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 393300
TI  - Control of glaucoma by reduced dosage guanethidine-adrenaline formulation.
AB  - The effect of formulations of guanethidine and adrenaline of different
      composition has been tested in rabbits and in patients with glaucoma. The
      concentrations of guanethidine and adrenaline used for the rabbits were 5.0% and
      1.0%; 2.5% and 0.5%; 1.0% and 0.2%; 0.5% and 0.1%. All except the lowest
      combination were equally effective in the magnitude of the decrease in
      intraocular pressure brought about and in their duration of activity. Two
      formulations containing guanethidine and adrenaline at concentrations of 3.0% and
      0.5% and 1.0% and 0.2% respectively (formulated as Ganda drops by Smith and
      Nephew Pharmaceuticals Ltd) were tested in a blind, cross-over, short-term
      clinical trial on 20 patients. The drops containing the lower concentration of
      drugs were as effective as those of higher concentration. These results lead us
      to believe that most patients who respond to this treatment could be put on a
      reduced dosage regimen, which should result in a decreased incidence and severity
      of side effects.

PMID- 393302
TI  - Further characterization of the Penicillium roqueforti acid protease.

PMID- 393303
TI  - The effect of transcendental meditation on iconic memory.
AB  - Three experiments investigated the effects of transcendental meditation (TM) on
      iconic memory. The task involved reporting of digits shown tachistoscopically,
      using Sperling's partial-report technique. Experiment 1 was a pilot study
      involving a meditation group and a nonmeditation gropu. All subjects were run in
      a pretest/treatment/posttest design. During the treatment phase the meditation
      group practiced TM for a 20-minute period and the nonmeditation group relaxed
      with eyes closed. The results showed that the treatment increased performance in
      meditators, but not in nonmeditators. In this experiment important controls such
      as individual administration of the task, extrinsic rewards, subject pacing, and
      adequate practice were lacking. Experiment 2 was a replication of the first, with
      these controls added. The results no longer showed a superiority for the
      meditation treatment. In fact, the meditation group performed worse on each day
      of running. Experiment 3 was a replication of Experiment 1, to assess whether the
      meditation effect of Experiment 1 was due to (a) differential increased attention
      of the meditators (minimized in subject-paced Experiment 2), (b) a gain early in
      learning for the meditators that was eliminated due to practice in Experiment 2,
      or (c) a lack of proper control procedures in Experiment 1. The performance of
      the meditators was, again, significantly lower. This research illustrates the
      importance of careful control when investigating the effects of meditation on
      behavior. It also suggests that the effects of meditation may depend on which
      hemisphere is dominant in performing the task.

PMID- 393304
TI  - Frontal electromyographic feedback. Stress attenuation and generalization.
AB  - This study evaluated the effects of one session of frontal electromyographic
      (EMG) feedback on (1) frontal EMG, (2) frontal EMG response to stress, (3)
      cardiovascular variables, and (4) cardiovascular responses to stress. Eighteen
      male and female undergraduate volunteers received either frontal EMG feedback or
      a relaxation instructions control procedure and were then exposed to a fear
      stimulus (visualization of a feared situation) and a post-stress adaptation
      period while several cardiovascular measures were monitored. In comparison to the
      control group, frontal EMG feedback significantly reduced resting levels of
      frontal EMG and frontal EMG response to stress but had no significant effect on
      cardiovascular measures. The results of this study suggest that one session of
      frontal EMG feedback may attenuate response to stress but, within the paradigm
      utilized, may be confined to the specific muscle groups monitored. Additional
      areas of needed research were noted including individual differences in
      generalization, the effects of EMG feedback from multiple sites sequentially and
      concomitantly, and the generalized effects from symptom-specific sites.

PMID- 393305
TI  - Response of anginal pain to hand warming. A clinical note.

PMID- 393306
TI  - Temperature biofeedback and relaxation training in the treatment of migraine
      headaches. One-year follow-up.
AB  - In a previous controlled group outcome study, a comparison of temperature
      biofeedback with progressive relaxation indicated that relaxation training was
      more effective in reducing migraine headache activity at the end of treatment.
      However, follow-up data obtained at 1, 2, and 3 months after the completion of
      treatment showed no difference between the two groups on any dependent measure.
      In the current study, 18 of 26 subjects who completed treatment in the original
      investigation collected headache data and completed a headache questionnaire 1
      year subsequent to the conclusion of treatment in order to evaluate the long-term
      effectiveness of the two treatments. The results indicated that gains achieved in
      the reduction of headaches during both treatments were maintained at a 1-year
      follow-up. With the exception of medication consumption (for which relaxation
      training led to better long-term results) the 1-year follow-up data reveal no
      differential efficacy for temperature biofeedback or progressive relaxation in
      treating migraine headaches.

PMID- 393307
TI  - Effect of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone on plasma testosterone in
      immature and adult male rabbits.
AB  - 1 microgram/100 g body weight of synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      (LHRH) was administered to immature (25, 35 and 55 days of age) and adult (180
      days) male rabbits. Testosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay in plasma
      samples taken just before and 30 min after LHRH injection. At all stages studied,
      LHRH significantly increased plasma testosterone. Expressed as a percent of over
      basal levels, the plasma testosterone was increased by 2,695% at 25 days, 3,955%
      at 35 days, 6,032% at 55 days and 3,766% at 180 days. Expressed in absolute
      amounts, the plasma testosterone levels showed an increase of 520 pg/ml at 25
      days, 604 pg/ml at 35 days, 1,189 pg/ml at 55 days and 7,596 pg/ml at 180 days.
      The exact interpretation of the data was difficult since it is dependent on the
      mode of expression used. Nevertheless, the results support the observation that
      the hypophyso-testicular axis is functional in immature rabbits.

PMID- 393308
TI  - Dose dependent effects of progesterone on the facilitation and inhibition of
      spontaneous gonadotropin surges in estrogen treated ovariectomized rats.

PMID- 393309
TI  - Responses of photosensitive and photorefractory male white-crowned sparrows
      (Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii) to synthetic mammalian luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (syn-LHRH).

PMID- 393310
TI  - A critical appraisal of computer assisted ECG interpretation.

PMID- 393311
TI  - The evolution of the mammalian middle and outer ears: a personal review.

PMID- 393312
TI  - A qualitative discrepancy between censored data rank tests.
AB  - Two popular censored data rank tests were used to compare cancer incidence rates
      between dogs receiving bone marrow transplantation and control dogs. The logrank
      test gave a significance level of 0.01. In contrast, Gehan's generalized Wilcoxon
      test gave a significance level of 0.76. The statistics are displayed in a manner
      that shows how such contrasting significance levels can arise. The Gehan
      statistic is shown to be subject to a serious criticism that does not apply to
      other Wilcoxon generalizations. Further insight into the data is obtained using a
      time-dependent logrank test and the proportional hazards regression model.

PMID- 393313
TI  - The cachexia of cancer.
AB  - This review examines the contributions made by anorexia, loss of taste,
      malabsorption and disturbances of intermediary metabolism to the cachexia of
      cancer. Methods of nutritional assessment are outlined and mention is made of the
      usefulness of nutritional support as an adjunct to anti-cancer therapies.

PMID- 393315
TI  - Colony-stimulating factor production and secretion following renal
      transplantation.
AB  - Colony-Stimulating Factor (CSF) production by peripheral blood leukocytes of
      renal transplant recipients was assayed using semisolid agar culture. Patients
      with stable graft function had a normal ability to produce CSF and they reacted
      with an increase of CSF release following bacterial infection, while active viral
      infections impaired the process. A marked decrease of CSF production was
      detectable in kidney graft recipients undergoing acute rejection, a phenomenon
      sometimes reversible by bolus prednisolone administration. Less characteristic
      patterns of CSF secretion in urine were found in these patients.

PMID- 393314
TI  - Prolongation of murine skin allografts across a major histocompatibility locus
      using supernatants from con-A activated spleen cells.
AB  - Supernatants from Concanavalin A-activated mouse spleen cell cultures have been
      found to prolong skin graft survival across the H-2 locus in the mouse. There
      exist in these supernatants non-specific factors synthesized by suppressor T
      cells which have been activated by sub-optimal concentrations of Concanavalin A
      in vitro. The possible nature of these factors is discussed.

PMID- 393316
TI  - Composite predictions of secondary structures of lac repressor.

PMID- 393317
TI  - A selected bibliography of biomedical and environmental applications of stable
      isotopes. V-2H, 13C, 15N, 18O and 34 S, 1977-1978.
AB  - The first biennial updated compilation, for the period 1977-1978, of selected
      references to the use of 2H, 13C, 15N, 18 O and 34S in biochemical,
      pharmacological, clinical and environmental applications is presented. Author and
      subject indices for this information are compiled to enable the reader to make
      further use of these references.

PMID- 393318
TI  - Clinical variability in osteogenesis imperfecta-variable expressivity or genetic
      heterogeneity.

PMID- 393319
TI  - Craniosynostosis and syndromes with craniosynostosis: incidence, genetics,
      penetrance, variability, and new syndrome updating.

PMID- 393320
TI  - Penetrance and variability in anterior chamber malformations.

PMID- 393321
TI  - Penetrance and variability of major malformation syndromes associated with
      deafness.

PMID- 393322
TI  - Biology of penetrance and variable expressivity.

PMID- 393323
TI  - Family studies on congenital esophageal atresia with or without tracheoesophageal
      fistula.

PMID- 393324
TI  - Genetic counseling in sex linkage.

PMID- 393325
TI  - External ear malformations: epidemiology, genetics, and natural history.

PMID- 393326
TI  - [Microtubules and mitosis].
AB  - The mitotic chromosome movements are discussed in relation with recent studies on
      tubulins, their assembly and disassembly, and the associated proteins. The role
      of contractile proteins in the mitotic spindle is considered, and also that of
      the calcium regulating protein (CDR) which has been demonstrated recently in the
      mitotic spindle. The study of more "primitive" mitoses underlines the differences
      between polar and chromosomal MT. The linear growth of the first, and the sliding
      movements of MT from opposing poles, explain the growth in length of the mitotic
      figure and the separation of chromosomes. The complex relations between various
      types of MT and the possibility of biochemical varieties of tubulins, are
      discussed.

PMID- 393327
TI  - [The action of antimitotics and the cell cycle].
AB  - Cell kinetics, which for a long time could only be worked out at the level of
      mitosis, has now at its disposal a set of technics which make it possible to
      label cells which replicate their DNA, to appraise the DNA content of individual
      cells and to synchronise cell populations. First of all, the meaning and the
      scope of results obtained by cell kinetics technics in the study of the action
      mechanism of antimitotic substances are discussed. The main results obtained are
      exposed, pointing to the complexity of the mechanisms concerned. A more detailed
      discussion of some personal results concerning the action of anti-inflammatory
      substances, of protein inhibitors and of hydroyure allows to underline the
      difficulties met with and the importance of the choice of an adequate
      methodology.

PMID- 393328
TI  - [Jeanne Lattes (1888-1979)].

PMID- 393330
TI  - [Evolution of the dentition and neolamarckism].

PMID- 393331
TI  - [Tuberculosis and renal transplantation].

PMID- 393329
TI  - [The plasma membrane glycoconjugates of normal and transformed cells (author's
      transl)].
AB  - After having reviewed the importance of glycoconjugates in the organisation of
      the cell membrane and the multiple roles played by these membrane constituants,
      the disorders characteristics of malignant transformation are described : First,
      the changes affecting cellular properties (diminution of cellular adhesivity,
      abolition of the control of cell growth, disturbance of membrane permeability...)
      and second, the modifications concerning the glycoconjugates of the cell surface
      in the course of malignant transformation : alterations affecting membrane
      glycolipids and glycoproteins. It appears that certain modifications of glycannic
      structures of membrane glycoproteins, for whatever cell type and transforming
      agent, seem at the moment to constitute the only abnormality permanently
      associated with the tumorigenicity of malignant cells.

PMID- 393332
TI  - [Commission on Bacteriology and Immunology. Current Mycobacterium nomenclature-
      1978].

PMID- 393333
TI  - Electrical engineering 100 years ago.

PMID- 393334
TI  - Hughes' audiometer.

PMID- 393335
TI  - Hughes' place in the history of radio.

PMID- 393336
TI  - Audiometers from Hughes to modern times.

PMID- 393337
TI  - David Edward Hughes F.R.S.

PMID- 393338
TI  - [Surgery in severe chronic renal insufficiency (hemodialysis and renal
      transplantation)].

PMID- 393339
TI  - Benjamin Rush on revolutionary war hygiene.

PMID- 393340
TI  - Weighing the heart against the feather of truth.

PMID- 393341
TI  - The "forgotten man" of the Civil War: the Southern experience.

PMID- 393342
TI  - Paracoccidioidomycosis in a Northern Chilean mummy.

PMID- 393343
TI  - Early botanists and the introduction of drug specifics.

PMID- 393344
TI  - University rivalry in Hispaniola.

PMID- 393345
TI  - On the likelihood that Mallin and Rathbun mistook an enlarged parietal foramen
      for a trephination.

PMID- 393346
TI  - A probable trephination: not an enlarged parietal foramen!

PMID- 393348
TI  - Application of the ELISA technique to problems in the serologic diagnosis of
      plague.

PMID- 393347
TI  - A previously unrecorded late restrike of the Ratzer map.

PMID- 393350
TI  - [Opening of the anterior chamber and its suture technic at the time of cataract
      surgery].

PMID- 393349
TI  - Sir Stewart Duke-Elder.

PMID- 393352
TI  - Tadini, the man who invented the artificial lens.

PMID- 393351
TI  - Penetrating rekeratoplasty and pseudophakos.

PMID- 393353
TI  - Do schizophrenics use linguistic rules in speech recall?
AB  - Varying degrees of organization of verbal material were presented to determine
      their use in sentence reproduction by acute and chronic schizophrenic subjects, a
      psychiatric (alcoholic) control group, and a healthy control group. The material
      consisted of six-word sentences presented over earphones, with background noise
      of differing intensity. The main result was that schizophrenics use verbal
      organization as effectively as healthy and psychiatric controls when reproducing
      the sentences. The noise distraction influenced performance of all groups
      similarly. Results suggest that performance of schizophrenics is facilitated by
      structured material (semantic and syntactic organization). The results do not
      suggest that either the linguistic repertoire or the application of linguistic
      rules is specifically affected in schizophrenia. The flatter performance slope of
      schizophrenics with increasing contexual constraints, found by some researchers,
      is explained by the unspecific effect of task difficulty.

PMID- 393354
TI  - Surgery in outpatients.

PMID- 393355
TI  - Collaborative United Kingdom-Australasian study of cancer in patients treated
      with immunosuppressive drugs.
AB  - A collaborative study including centres in the United Kingdom, Australia, and New
      Zealand was instituted in 1970 to determine the incidence of cancer in patients
      treated for at least three months with azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, or
      chlorambucil. Follow-up of 3823 renal transplant recipients showed an almost 60
      fold increase of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma together with an excess of squamous-cell
      skin cancer and mesenchymal tumours. A series of 1349 patients without
      transplants showed an excess of the same tumours, though to a less extent. These
      preliminary findings provide no clear evidence that immunosuppressive drugs
      produce the increased risk of most of the common cancers that might be expected
      from the simplest interpretation of impaired "immunosurveillance."

PMID- 393356
TI  - Effects of indomethacin on postural hypotension in Parkinsonism.
AB  - A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of indomethacin on orthostatic
      hypotension in Parkinsonism. Twelve elderly patients participated and the drug
      was given in two-ways--as an intravenous infusion of 50 mg over 30 minutes and by
      mouth 50 mg thrice daily for six days. Results were assessed by measuring the
      degree of hypotension on standing, response to the cold pressor test, and forearm
      blood flow (by strain-gauge plethysmography). Indomethacin significantly reduced
      the fall in blood pressure on standing (P less than 0:001) and lessened or
      reversed orthostatic symptoms. Furthermore, there was an enhanced response to the
      cold pressor test and a reduction in forearm blood flow. These findings suggest
      that indomethacin has a positive effect on systemic vascular resistance.

PMID- 393357
TI  - Breathing difficulties in the newborn.

PMID- 393358
TI  - Peer from the West Indies (David Pitt).

PMID- 393359
TI  - The case-control study and retrospective controls.

PMID- 393360
TI  - Optimum concentration of dissolved oxygen for the survival of virulent Treponema
      pallidum under conditions of low oxidation-reduction potential.
AB  - A maintenance medium with a low oxidation-reduction (redox) potential, when
      gently bubbled with 5% oxygen in nitrogen or with air for various periods of
      time, gave a range of dissolved oxygen concentrations between 1.6 and 5.8
      micrograms/l. Virulent Treponema pallidum (Nichols strain) inoculated into these
      media were assayed 24 and 48 hours later for motility and virulence and were
      compared with samples taken at zero time. Virulent T. pallidum survived best in
      the presence of 2.4 micrograms/l dissolved oxygen over a 48-hour period, which
      corresponded to a gaseous mixture of 3% oxygen in nitrogen. Higher concentrations
      of oxygen did not give significantly different results from anaerobic conditions
      over this period. Thus, until it can be grown in vitro, T. pallidum would appear
      to be a microaerophilic bacterium.

PMID- 393361
TI  - Susceptibility of rabbits to Treponema pallidum after infection with
      Mycobacterium bovis.
AB  - Rabbits stimulated with Mycobacterium bovis (strain BCG) one month before
      challenge with Treponema pallidum (Nichols) did not show any modification in
      their development of syphilitic lesions. A second infection with BCG given at the
      same time and at the same intradermal site as the T. pallidum challenge also
      failed to protect the rabbits against syphilis. Thus the non-specific activation
      of cell-mediated immunity by BCG does not appear to protect rabbits against T.
      pallidum infection even when both activation and challenge take place in the
      dermis. The role of the macrophage in syphilis remains obscure.

PMID- 393362
TI  - Limited protection of rabbits against infection with Treponema pallidum by immune
      rabbit sera.
AB  - After intradermal infection of rabbits with 3 x 10(6) Treponema pallidum
      (Melbourne 1 strain) samples of serum were taken at one, two, three, four, and
      six months after infection. Normal rabbits were passively immunised with these
      sera, challenged with intradermal doses (10(4), 10(3), 10(2), 10) of T. pallidum,
      and the latent periods of infection, lesion diameters, and the number of
      inoculation sites developing into lesions were observed. The sera taken at three,
      four, and six months reduced the number of intradermal inoculation sites that
      developed into syphilitic lesions after challenge with 10 T. pallidum. These same
      three sera also increased the latent period of infection after challenge with
      10(4) T. pallidum. The transfer of 50 ml of immune serum per rabbit over a nine
      day period before challenge had very little effect on the course of the challenge
      infection. Only a low level of immunity in rabbits to this strain of T. pallidum
      appears to be mediated by immune serum but this small degree of protection did
      increase with time after infection. Enhanced growth of T. pallidum in the serum
      recipient rabbits did not occur, thus suggesting that none of the sera was
      immunosuppressive.

PMID- 393363
TI  - Comparison of minocycline and ampicillin in gonococcal urethritis.
AB  - A prospective, randomised, single-blind trial was carried out to compare the
      efficacy and tolerability of minocycline and ampicillin in the treatment of
      gonorrhoea in men. One hundred and twenty men were treated with minocycline 300
      mg and 121 men with ampicillin 2 g and probenecid 1 g. Cure rates were similar in
      both groups of patients. There were few side effects. Of 135 strains of Neisseria
      gonorrhoeae tested to different concentrations of minocycline and penicillin, two
      were resistant to penicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) greater than
      or equal to 0.1 microgram/ml) and seven to minocycline (MIC greater than 1.0
      microgram/ml). The incidence of PGU was 31% in those patients treated with
      minocycline and 34% in those treated with ampicillin plus probenecid, the
      difference not being statistically significant. PGU occurred more often after
      treatment with minocycline than in previous studies.

PMID- 393364
TI  - Topography of cerebellar corticonuclear fibers of the albino rat. Vermis of
      anterior and posterior lobes.
AB  - The distribution of cerebellar corticonuclear fibers of the vermis of anterior
      and posterior lobes was determined for the albino rat using the Fink and Heimer
      method. Efferent fibers from vermal cortex terminate in the ipsilateral medial
      cerebellar nucleus (NM) in an organized circumferential manner. Rostral lobules
      (I--III) project to rostroventral and rostrocentral NM, more central lobules (IV,
      V, VI) project to rostrodorsal, dorsocentral and caudodorsal areas of the nucleus
      respectively, while caudal lobules (VII, VIII, IX) send fibers into caudal and
      ventrocaudal NM. No evidence was seen to corroborate the contention that
      individual lobules of the vermis may project essentially throughout the
      rostrocaudal extent of the nucleus. Although species differences are apparent the
      arrangement of terminal fields in the NM for vermal cortex of rats is similar to
      that reported for other mammals. Degenerated fibers from medial aspects of each
      lesion primarily enter the NM while those coursing into the juxtarestiform body
      originate from more lateral portions of the cortical injury. This suggests that
      the arrangement of cortical zones in rat is fundamentally similar to that
      described in other mammals.

PMID- 393365
TI  - Effects of suprachiasmatic nucleus lesions on hypothalamic LH-releasing hormone
      (LHRH) content and gonadotropin secretion in the ovariectomized (OVX) female rat.
AB  - Suprachiasmatic nucleus lesions in OVX rats blocked progesterone-induced
      gonadotropin surges without affecting tonic levels of these hormones or the
      expression of estrogen negative feedback. In addition, these lesions resulted in
      a decrease in LHRH content of tissue rostral and caudal to the lesion. These
      results suggest that the effect of suprachiasmatic nucleus lesions on phasic
      gonadotropin secretion may be due to the interruption of LHRH input to the median
      eminence from rostral centers known to be important in this event.

PMID- 393366
TI  - Noradrenergic innervation patterns in three regions of medial cortex: an
      immunofluorescence characterization.
AB  - A homologous antiserum directed against rat dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH was
      used for the immunohistofluorescent visualization of the noradrenergic (NA)
      innervation of medial cortex in the albino rat. Three cytoarchitectonic divisions
      of the medial cortex were studied: prelimbic (PL), anterior cingulate (AC), and
      granular retrosplenial (RSg). Each division of medial cortex possesses a
      characteristic and distinct pattern and density of NA fibers. The branching
      patterns and density of the fibers in PL cortex are similar to those of lateral
      cortex. AC cortex has the lowest density of NA innervation found in the
      neocortex; there is minimal arborization in layer I, and a very low density of
      fibers in layers II and III. In contrast RSg is the most densely innervated
      region, and NA fibers arborize extensively throughout all layers. The
      dopaminergic (DA) fibers in medial cortex were studied with glyoxylic acid
      induced histofluorescence following midbrain lesions of the dorsal noradrenergic
      bundle (DNB). A laminar complementarity exists in AC cortex such that the DA
      fibers terminate in layers I-III, while the NA fibers are largely confined to the
      deep layers. The distinctive patterns of termination of coeruleocortical fibers
      indicate that in different cortical areas NA axons contact different elements of
      neuronal circuitry and that there is some degree of specificity in the
      distribution of NA terminals within the cortex.

PMID- 393368
TI  - The President--William John Farley.

PMID- 393367
TI  - Anaesthesia and the respiratory system.
AB  - Pulmonary gas exchange is disturbed during general anaesthesia; both oxygenation
      and elimination of carbon dioxide are impaired. The shape of the chest wall
      alters after induction of anaesthesia-paralysis in recumbent subjects, and its
      motion during inspiration is also altered. The mechanical properties of lung and
      chest wall are also affected and FRC may be reduced. Inspired gas distribution
      changes after induction of anaesthesia-paralysis with mechanical ventilation of
      the lungs. Distribution of pulmonary blood flow is altered in subjects in the
      sitting and right lateral decubitus positions, but the distribution is not
      adjusted to the altered distribution of inspired gas. This results in an
      increased mismatching of ventilation to perfusion, with development of lung
      regions that have low and high ventilation-to-perfusion ratios. Some lung regions
      with low ventilation-to-perfusion ratios develop into right-to-left shunt on
      breathing 100 per cent oxygen. The following sequence of events probably occurs
      after induction of anaesthesia-paralysis. The initial effect of anaesthesia seems
      to be on the shape and motion of the chest wall. This may alter the mechanical
      properties of both the chest wall and the lung. Intrapulmonary gas distribution
      is altered secondarily. Pulmonary bloodflow distribution, which is primarily
      determined by gravity, does not seem to adjust to the altered distribution of
      inspired gas. Hence, an increased mismatching of ventilation to perfusion
      develops. This includes the development of lung regions with low ventilation-to
      perfusion ratios. These regions may progress into right-to-left shung during 100
      per cent oxygen breathing. The low ventilation-to-perfusion regions and the shunt
      may both impair oxygenation. The development of lung regions with high
      ventilation-to-perfusion ratios after induction of anaesthesia-paralysis
      contributes to the inefficient elimination of carbon dioxide.

PMID- 393369
TI  - The mutagenic activity of 61 agents as determined by the micronucleus,
      Salmonella, and sperm abnormality assays.
AB  - A comparison of two rapid and inexpensive in vivo mammalian assays and the Ames
      Salmonella assay is presented for 61 agents; Acetylsalicylic acid; Acriflavine;
      Actinomycin D; 2(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (AF-2); Aflatoxin B1; 2
      aminofluorene; Aminopterin; Aroclor 1254; Ascorbic acid; Azathioprine;
      Benzo(a)pyrene; 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine; Busulphan, Butylated hydroxytoluene;
      Cadmium chloride; Caffeine; Calcium cyclamate; Chloral hydrate; Chloromycetin
      succinate; Codeine phosphate, Colchicine; Cycloheximide; Cyclophosphamide; DDT;
      2,4-Diaminoanisole; Dibutylnitrosamine; 9, 10 Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; 1,1
      Dimethylhydrazine; Dimethylnitrosamine; Epinephrine; Ethyl methane sulphonate
      (EMS); 2-formylamino-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole (FANFT); 2-(2-formylhydrazino)-4
      (5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole (FNT); Glucose, Griseofulvin; Hycanthone methane
      sulphonate; Hydroxyurea; 5-Iodo-2'-deoxyuridine; Lead acetate; Mechlorethamine; 3
      Methylcholanthrene; Methyl mercury acetate; Methyl methane sulfonate (MMS); N
      methyl-N-nitro-N'-nitrosoguanidine; Mitomycin C; Monosodium glutamate; 1
      Naphthalamine; 2-Naphthalamine; Nitrofurazone; 4-Nitro-O-phenylene diamine; 4
      Nitro-quinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO); Phenobarbitone; Procarbazine; Quinacrine
      dihydrochloride; Radiation (gamma-rays); Sodium chloride; Triethylene
      thiophosphoramide; Trimethyl phosphate; Tris(2-methyl-1-arizidinyl) phosphine
      oxide; Urethan; Vinblastine. The results support the concept of multiple assays
      for mutagenicity and show that some combinations of assays are superior to
      others.

PMID- 393370
TI  - The influence of the PO1A1 mutation upon recombination in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - Genetic recombination in Escherichia coli is a highly regulated process involving
      multiple gene products. We have investigated the role of DNA polymerase I in this
      process by studying the effect of the po1A1 mutation upon DNA transfer and
      conjugation in otherwise isogenic suppressor-free strains of E. coli K-12. It was
      found that the po1A1 mutation greatly reduces recombination in Hfr crosses (a
      factor of 20 in Pol+ x Po1A1 crosses and more than a factor of 100 in Po1A1 X
      Po1A1 crosses). However, since the po1A1 mutation reduces the strains capacity to
      act as a recipient for an F-prime and the analysis of recombination transfer
      gradients revealed no differences between Po1+ and Po1- strains, it is concluded
      that DNA polymerase I probably affects the transfer and/or stability of donor DNA
      rather than the recombinational process itself.

PMID- 393371
TI  - Mixed bacteriophage infection of Escherichia coli: exclusion of superinfecting T4
      by T7.
AB  - Escherichia coli was infected with T7, then with T4. When the time between the
      addition of the tow phages was 5 or more minutes, T4 was excluded and most of the
      infective centres yielded T7 progeny. The DNA of excluded T4 was injected, but it
      did not replicate nor was it degraded extensively. Transcription of this T4 DNA
      was largely inhibited, and the transcripts produced were not translated. A
      variety of T7 amber mutants was examined for the capacity to exclude T4. Amongst
      the early T7 genes, only the product of gene 1, the T7 RNA polymerase, was
      essential for T4 exclusion. None of the late genes examined was essential for
      exclusion.

PMID- 393372
TI  - Changes in electrophoretic mobility and lytic enzyme activity associated with
      development of flocculating ability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Cells from stationary-phase cultures of two strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      (3 and 20) failed to flocculate when grown in a complex or a chemically defined
      medium, while those of two other strains (11 and 13) flocculated when grown in
      either medium. Strain 30 flocculated when grown in complex but not defined medium
      and harvested from stationary-phase cultures. pH-electrophoretic mobility
      measurements on all five strains showed that mobility attributable to carboxyl
      groups usually increased as cultures progressed from the exponential to the
      stationary phase, while that caused by phosphate groups tended to decline.
      Acquisition of flocculating ability was accompanied in strains 11 and 30 by a
      slight increase in amidase activity, and greater increases compared with
      nonflocculent populations in activities of leucine aminopeptidase. alpha
      mannosidase, and proteinase C. Activities of proteinases A and B showed no
      correlation with acquisition of flocculating ability.

PMID- 393373
TI  - Adherence of bacteria to leaves.
AB  - Members of seven genra of bacteria, pathogens and nonpathogens of plants, adhered
      to young leaves when leaves were suspended in cell suspensions for 10 min. With
      Pseudomonas lachrymans, the adherence rate (cells applied vs. cells adhering) to
      host (cucumber) and nonhost (chrysanthemum) leaves was a straight-line, log-log
      function, as was the adherence of Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens to
      cucumber leaves. Adhering cells of these three bacteria were washed with water
      from cucumber leaves at a straight-line, log-log rate. Adhered cells of P.
      lachrymans were most commonly found near veins on cucumber leaves. There appeared
      to be a polymeric surface layer on this bacterium on the cucumber leaf when
      leaves bearing bacteria were stained with ruthenium red and viewed in thin
      section.

PMID- 393374
TI  - A new gene involved in expression of fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase activity
      in Escherichia coli.
AB  - A new gene, fdaB, has been mapped by transduction and partial diploid analyses
      and located adjacent to argA at 59.9 min on the Escherichia coli recalibrated
      linkage map. This gene is involved in expression of fructose-1,6-diphosphate
      aldolase activity and indirectly in ribosomal RNA synthesis. The temperature
      sensitive mutant strain AA-157, containing the defective gene product of of fdaB,
      accumulates high concentrations of fructose 1,6-diphosphate at the nonpermissive
      temperature.

PMID- 393375
TI  - Cutaneous immunofluorescent microscopy: a practical diagnostic technique.
AB  - Cutaneous immunofluorescent microscopy is a relatively new technique for the
      diagnosis of cutaneous disorders. Its application has been well established in
      vesiculobullous and connective tissue disorders. With the development of a
      transport medium for skin biopsy specimens it has become a practical diagnostic
      technique. In 1974 a laboratory for immunofluorescent microscopy was established
      in Vancouver and, on the basis of its experience, the indications for, and
      results of, immunofluorescent studies are reviewed.

PMID- 393376
TI  - Malformations and the Manx syndrome in cats.
AB  - Breeding experiments were conducted on cats with congenital taillessness, to test
      the dissemination pattern of taillessness in their offspring. Clinical
      evaluation, radiographic analysis of the vertebral column and histological
      studies of the digestive tract and central nervous tissue were conducted to
      determine the association of malformations of these systems in cats born with
      different degrees of taillessness noted in the rumpy and stumpy cats. The mode of
      transmission of the tailless (Manx) condition assumed to be through an autosomal
      dominant factor (M) was confirmed by this investigation. It is hypothesized that
      the problems associated with the tailless condition such as spina bifida, urinary
      and faecal incontinence and locomotor disturbances of the pelvic limbs may all be
      related to a disturbance affecting the development of the central nervous system
      in the early embryonic life.

PMID- 393377
TI  - Chemoimmunotherapy (DTIC and Corynebacterium parvum) as adjuvant treatment in
      malignant melanoma.
AB  - Sixty-one patients with stage I or II (lymph node involvement) malignant melanoma
      were prospectively randomized into a control group receiving surgical treatment
      only (consisting of wide excision of primary and regional node dissection) and a
      group receiving the same surgical treatment plus adjuvant therapy with DTIC and
      Corynebacterium parvum. Followup times ranged from 1 1/2 to 4 years. Among the 29
      patients in the surgical control group, there were five hematogenous recurrences
      and one regional recurrence and four patients have died. Among the 32 patients in
      the treatment group, there were 13 hematogenous recurrences and two regional
      recurrences and ten patients have died. However, the control group had six
      patients with involved lymph nodes while the treatment group had 15 patients in
      this category. It appears that although the combination of DTIC and C. parvum was
      well-tolerated, it did not reduce the recurrence and mortality rates.

PMID- 393378
TI  - Advanced ovarian carcinoma: a pilot study of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in
      combination with adriamycin and cyclophosphamide in previously untreated patients
      and as a single agent in previously treated patients.

PMID- 393379
TI  - Phase I toxicity study of methanol-extracted residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin
      by the iv route.

PMID- 393380
TI  - Polyestradiol phosphate: a preliminary evaluation of its effect on breast
      carcinoma.
AB  - The effect of polyestradiol phosphate (Estradurin), a long-acting estrogen
      preparation given im, was assessed in 24 elderly postmenopausal patients with
      stage II or III primary or recurrent breast carcinoma. Although the drug has been
      available for many years, there has been no report in the literature of its use
      in treating breast carcinoma. The results of this study show that a total of 17
      of 24 (70.8%) patients had evidence of tumor regression lasting a minimum of 3
      months, while in 14 (58.3%) patients regression was maintained for greater than
      or equal to 6 months. Seven patients had complete (100%) tumor regression. Side
      effects were almost nonexistent and the agent has been shown to be effective,
      with good patient acceptability and guaranteed administration. It could be
      considered as an alternative to oral estrogen therapy where patient compliance is
      poor and gastrointestinal side effects are severe enough that patients often
      request a change of treatment.

PMID- 393381
TI  - Phase II-III chemotherapy studies in advanced gastric cancer. Eastern Cooperative
      Oncology Group.
AB  - In this study, 139 eligible and evaluable patients with advanced gastric cancer,
      measurable disease, and no prior chemotherapy were randomized between treatment
      with Adriamycin alone, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus mitomycin C, and 5-FU plus
      methyl-CCNU. Objective responses were seen in eight of 37 patients (22%)
      receiving Adriamycin, in 17 of 53 (32%) receiving 5-FU plus mitomycin C, and in
      12 of 49 (24%) receiving 5-FU plus methyl-CCNU. Median durations of response were
      4, 3 1/2, and 8 1/2 months, respectively. Sixty-one patients were treated after
      previous failure to other chemotherapy regimens. Response rates were seen in
      seven of 47 patients (15%) receiving Adriamycin, in two of nine receiving 5-FU
      plus mitomycin C, and in one of five receiving 5-FU plus methyl-CCNU. Complete
      responses were observed more frequently with Adriamycin and with 5-FU plus methyl
      CCNU than with 5-FU plus mitomycin C. Although 5-FU plus methyl-CCNU had a slight
      advantage in interval to disease progression, this was not statistically
      significant. Median survival for all previously untreated patients was slightly
      greater than 17 weeks, and there was no meaningful or significant survival
      difference between the three treatment groups.

PMID- 393382
TI  - Phase II-III chemotherapy studies in advanced gastric cancer. The
      Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group.
AB  - In this multi-institutional study of advanced gastric cancer, 141 eligible and
      evaluable patients were treated with either (a) Adriamycin alone, (b) a
      combination of 5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and methyl-CCNU (FAMe), or (c) a
      combination of 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and cytosine arabinoside (FMC). In
      patients with measurable disease and no prior chemotherapy, objective responses
      were seen in four of 17 patients (24%) receiving Adriamycin alone, in seven of 15
      (47%) receiving FAMe, and in three of 18 (17%) receiving FMC. In previously
      treated patients with measurable disease, objective responses were seen in three
      of 17 patients (18%) receiving Adriamycin alone and in one of 11 (9%) receiving
      FMC. In previously untreated patients with both measurable and nonmeasurable
      disease, FAMe showed a significant advantage over both Adriamycin alone and FMC
      with regard to interval to disease progression and survival. In comparing
      Adriamycin alone with FMC in previously treated patients, intervals to disease
      progression and survival were essentially identical.

PMID- 393383
TI  - Treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma with 5-fluorouracil: a randomized
      comparison of two routes of delivery.
AB  - Fifty-seven patients with advanced gastric carcinoma were randomized to receive
      15 mg/kg/week of 5-fluorouracil by either the iv or oral route. Toxic effects of
      treatment included nausea and vomiting (40% with the oral route versus 35% with
      the iv route) and myelosuppression, with a wbc count of less than 4000/mm3 (28%
      with the oral route versus 32% with the iv route). The frequency of partial
      response was 12% (three of 25 patients) for the oral route and 16% (five of 32
      patients) for the iv route. Only two of 36 patients with liver metastases
      responded. No advantage was seen for the oral versus the iv route of 5
      fluorouracil in the treatment of advanced gastric carcinoma.

PMID- 393384
TI  - DTIC and combination therapy for melanoma. II. Escalating schedules of DTIC with
      BCNU, CCNU, and vincristine.

PMID- 393385
TI  - Cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) alone and combined with DTIC for treatment of
      disseminated malignant melanoma.
AB  - Twenty-one patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were treated with cis
      dichlorodiammine-platinum(II) (cis-DDP): ten with cis-DDP alone at a dose of 20
      mg/m2 iv x 4 days every 4 weeks and 11 with cis-DDP at a dose of 15 mg/m2 iv x 4
      days combined with DTIC at a dose of 200 mg/m2 iv x 5 days every 4 weeks. Two of
      21 patients (10%) showed a partial response to therapy. There were no complete
      responses and no apparent increases in length of survival for responders compared
      to nonresponders. One drug-related death occurred. Otherwise, drug toxicity was
      acceptable and appeared to be diminished by iv hydration and prolonged
      administration. In this study, cis-DDP was not effective for treatment of
      disseminated malignant melanoma.

PMID- 393386
TI  - cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) and DTIC in malignant melanoma.
AB  - Twenty-nine patients with advanced malignant melanoma were randomized to receive
      DTIC at a dose of 200 mg/m2 iv on Days 1-5 and cis-dichlorodiammine-platinum(II)
      at a dose of 40 mg/m2 iv on Days 1 and 4, repeated every 4 weeks (group A), or
      the same drugs plus procarbazine at a dose of 75 mg/m2 orally daily on Days 1-8
      and vincristine at a dose of 1.4 mg/m2 iv on Day 1 (group B). These drugs were
      generally well-tolerated, but five of 16 patients in group A and six of 13
      patients in group B required dose modification for either hematologic or renal
      toxicity. There were six objective responses among 16 patients in group A
      including one complete regression, while there were two objective responses among
      13 patients in group B.

PMID- 393387
TI  - Phase I study of iv administration of methanol extraction residue of Bacillus
      Calmette-Guerin.
AB  - Four weekly iv doses, ranging from 10 to 640 microgram/m2, of the methanol
      extraction residue of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (MER) were given to 22 patients
      with advanced cancer in an effort to determine a maximum tolerated dose. Fever
      and chills for 24-48 hours were common at doses greater than 80 microgram/m2 but
      were prolonged for 3 days to 9 weeks at 640 microgram/m2. While moderate
      decreases in pulmonary vital capacity were seen at all dose levels, diffusing
      capacity decreased consistently only at higher doses. However, no
      roentgenographic changes suggestive of multiple lung granulomas were observed,
      such as were produced in dogs and mice by iv administration of MER. Autopsy
      failed to reveal granulomas in three patients. There were no objective tumor
      responses, nor were consistent changes observed in blood counts or skin tests to
      recall antigens. MER can be given iv with acceptable acute toxicity in doses up
      to 640 microgram/m2, at which point fever may be unduly prolonged. Patients given
      MER iv must be followed carefully for the development of interstitial
      pneumonitis.

PMID- 393389
TI  - Cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in metastatic soft tissue sarcomas.
AB  - cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) was given to 13 patients with metastatic
      sarcomas following failure in two previous chemotherapy protocols. Two of these
      patients had complete regression which lasted 6 months in one patient and is
      still present after 8 months in the other. One patient had a greater than 50%
      regression which lasted 5 months. Three patients had disease stabilization for 2
      months each. cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II), as a single agent, was well
      tolerated with no significant renal or auditory toxicity.

PMID- 393390
TI  - Preliminary report on the clinical use of human leukocyte interferon in
      neuroblastoma.
AB  - The effectiveness of human leukocyte interferon (IF) injections on a female
      patient, 21 years old, with stage IV neuroblastoma was observed. IF (30 X 10(4)
      units) injected every second day intratumorally or around the tumor tissue
      rapidly reduced the tumor size. However, systemic administration of 300 x 10(4)
      units of IF by im injection showed no beneficial effects. Our results suggest
      that a high IF level in tumor tissue may be necessary to bring about tumor
      reduction.

PMID- 393388
TI  - Treatment of metastatic pancreatic and gastric adenocarcinomas with 5
      fluorouracil, adriamycin, and mitomycin C (FAM).
AB  - Twenty-six patients with metastatic pancreatic or gastric adenocarcinoma were
      treated with 5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and mitomycin C. One complete and five
      partial responses were observed among 15 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma
      (40% response rate) and six partial responses were observed among 11 patients
      with gastric adenocarcinoma (55% response rate). Responders had a significantly
      longer survival than nonresponders in both groups.

PMID- 393391
TI  - The substrate specificity of yeast hexokinase: reaction with D-arabinose oxime.
AB  - By chromatography, electrophoresis, n.m.r. spectroscopy, and spectrophotometric
      assay, it has been shown that D-arabinose oxime acts as a weak substrate for
      yeast hexokinase. The enzyme-catalysed phosphorylation of the oxime, which exists
      as a mixture of E (80%) and Z (20%) acyclic forms in solution at equilibrium, is
      proposed to proceed via the transient formation of a furanoid species. Weak
      substrate-activity was also observed with 4-deoxy-D-xylo-hexose, but not with 5
      deoxy-D-xylohexose. The relation of these and previous results concerning the
      carbohydrate-substrate specificity of yeast hexokinase in solution to X-ray
      crystallographic studies is discussed.

PMID- 393392
TI  - 35S-Labeled dermatan sulfate. Preparation of a substrate for enzymic degradation
      studies.

PMID- 393393
TI  - Ultrastructure of the ischemic myocardium.

PMID- 393394
TI  - Localization of galactosylceramide and sulfatide at the surface of the myelin
      sheath: an immunofluorescence study in liquid medium.

PMID- 393396
TI  - [Dr. Eduard Wondrak - 60 years old].

PMID- 393395
TI  - [Dr. Zdenka Kuncova].

PMID- 393397
TI  - [Radioimmunological investigation (HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb) and its significance for
      reducing the risk of hepatitis B transmission through blood (author's transl)].

PMID- 393398
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Jan Kabelik].

PMID- 393399
TI  - Gonadotroph-rich cell lines derived from pituitary clonal cells (2A8) grafted
      under the kidney capsule.
AB  - Gonadotroph-rich cell lines were established from multipotential pituitary clonal
      cells (2A8) which were implanted under kidney capsule of hypophysectomized female
      rats. These cell lines secrete gonadotrophins (FSH and LH) continuously over two
      months after establishment; LHRH stimulated the secretion of hormones into the
      culture medium. Many of the cells reacted immunohistochemically to antiserum to
      FSH or LH, while a small number reacted to antiserum to prolactin or TSH. They
      did not contain normal secretory granules such as those of gonadotrophs in vivo.

PMID- 393400
TI  - Demonstration of a somatostatin-like activity in retinal cells of the rat.
AB  - A somatostatin-like substance is demonstrated by light microscopic
      immunohistochemistry (PAP-method) in perikarya and cell processes of the retina
      of adult and infant rats. These perikarya are identified according to their size,
      arrangement and distribution. Each of the first two neuronal orders (receptors,
      bipolar cells, ganglionic cells) of the visual pathway can be associated with
      retinal cells reacting positively with anti-somatostatin. In the adult rat,
      perikarya and processes of (i) horizontal cells, (ii) amacrine cells and (iii)
      large neurons in the ganglionic layer are specifically labeled. The staining of
      middle-sized and small ganglion cells is probably caused by the close attachment
      of labeled fibers to non-reacting cells. Postnatally, the immunoreactive elements
      develop in parallel to the differentiation of the corresponding retinal layers.
      It is discussed whether the three types of retinal cells containing a
      somatostatin-like substance provide an inhibitory system to each of the two
      orders of retinal neurons.

PMID- 393401
TI  - Synaptic ring images after silver impregnation.
AB  - In view of the contradictory results obtained from a number of studies on the
      nature of ring images found after neurofibrillar silver impregnation, this
      question was reinvestigated at the ultrastructural level in the lateral
      geniculate nucleus of the monkey. The ring images found here are produced by
      silver deposits on ring-shaped accumulations of neurofilaments in the afferent
      synapses of retinal origin. Tubular impregnation of axons was not found to be a
      factor in the genesis of ring images.

PMID- 393402
TI  - Immunocytochemical identification of hyperglycemic hormone-producing cells in the
      eyestalk of Carcinus maenas.
AB  - Antiserum raised in rabbits against extracts of sinus glands from Carcinus annd
      shown by several criteria to contain antibodies directed against the
      neurosecretory hyperglycemic hormone was used to locate the hormone-producing
      perikarya in the optic ganglia. By means of the double antibody fluorescence
      technique, selective staining of the large neurosecretory perikarya of the
      medulla terminalis ganglionic X-organ (MTGXO) and their axons is obtained. The
      axon endings of the sinus gland are also stained. None of the other groups of
      neurosecretory cells in the eyestalk shows fluorescence. Preabsorption of the
      antiserum with pure hyperglycemic hormone abolishes the fluorescence.

PMID- 393403
TI  - [Isolation of a pure culture of Streptococcus from human dental plaque].

PMID- 393404
TI  - [Dental practice in Latin America; from the Federacion Odontologica Latino
      Americana to the Asociacion Latino Americana de Facultades de Odontologia].

PMID- 393405
TI  - [Simplification and demonopolization in dentistry; its social significance].

PMID- 393406
TI  - [Activities of the Czechoslovak pharmaceutical society in 1978].

PMID- 393407
TI  - [60th birthday of Dr. Miroslav Salava, President of the Czechoslovak
      Pharmaceutical Society].

PMID- 393408
TI  - [Portraits of Antonin Tryb (author's transl)].

PMID- 393410
TI  - [Comments on the origin of syphilis--findings in Florida (author's transl)].

PMID- 393409
TI  - [On the birthday of Dr. Anna Fadrhoncova].

PMID- 393412
TI  - [On the 80th anniversary of the birthday of Dr. Jiri Franta, head of the
      ophthalmology department in the hospital in Hradec Kralove from 1939 to 1941].

PMID- 393411
TI  - [Syphilis--from where, when and how? (author's transl)].

PMID- 393413
TI  - [50 years since the founding of the ophthalmology department in Hradci Kralove].

PMID- 393414
TI  - [On the 60th birthday of Dr. Vladimir Vlach].

PMID- 393415
TI  - [Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease].

PMID- 393416
TI  - [Results of the clinical trial with viloxazine (Vivalan ICI). A part of the
      multicentre study (author's transl)].

PMID- 393417
TI  - [A retrospective review of psychopharmacologic themes at the first Jesenik
      conference].

PMID- 393418
TI  - [25 years of psychiatric therapy in Bila Voda].

PMID- 393419
TI  - [History of hemostasis after surgery in the oral cavity in hemophilia].

PMID- 393421
TI  - Sensitive immunoassays for the measurement of human lysozyme.

PMID- 393420
TI  - Fluorescence enzyme immunoassay for insulin using peroxidase-tyramine-hydrogen
      peroxide.

PMID- 393422
TI  - [Interaction between Salmonella and Schistosomes. Scanning electron microscopy
      study].
AB  - In our attempts to elucidate the pathogenesis of prolonged Salmonella bacteremia
      in patients with Schistosoma mansoni or Schistosoma haematobium infection, we
      have utilised MEB. Our results are significant. They show an association exists
      between Bilharziasis and Salmonellosis.

PMID- 393423
TI  - [Ecology of a cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in the Thies region (Senegal, western
      Africa). I. Recall of the cutaneous leishmaniasis status in Senegal and
      presentation of the studied area].
AB  - Opening an epidemiological survey of a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the
      Thies region (Senegal), the authors present a short historical report on the
      disease situation in the country. They then describe the ecological characters of
      the studied area.

PMID- 393424
TI  - [25 maxillomalar fractures : value of the use of lyophilized dura mater in the
      reconstruction of the orbital floor].

PMID- 393425
TI  - [Address delivered at the donation of the Chris Zweng Prize].

PMID- 393426
TI  - In vitro response of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum to mefloquine.
AB  - The present study was conducted to evaluate the application of the in vitro
      microtechnique system in determining the response of chloroquine-resistant
      Plasmodium falciparum to mefloquine.Using isolates of P. falciparum from Boa
      Vista, Brazil, and Villavicencio, Colombia, mefloquine was more than 7.7, 7.1,
      7.1, and 6.4 times more effective than chloroquine in vitro at the ED(90),
      ED(95), ED(99), and ED(99.9) levels, respectively.

PMID- 393427
TI  - m-AMSA and PALA: two new agents in cancer chemotherapy.
AB  - 4'-(9-Acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA) and N-(phosphonacetyl)-L
      aspartate (PALA) are two new anticancer agents that have been recently introduced
      into clinical investigation. This review summarizes the preclinical information
      that has accumulated with these compounds as well as the very preliminary data
      presently available from early clinical trials. This information indicates the
      promising potential of m-AMSA and PALA in the treatment of cancer.

PMID- 393429
TI  - Sequential chemotherapy and circadian rhythm in human solid tumours. A randomised
      trial.
AB  - Sixty-three patients were randomised into two groups each receiving the same 40-h
      sequential chemotherapy regimen (methotrexate or 5-FU, followed by vinblastine
      and cyclophosphamide). In the group receiving infusions of chemotherapeutic
      agents at times taking into account the circadian rhythm of tumoral
      proliferation, the antitumoral effectiveness appeared significantly better with
      respect to both tumoral regressions (85% contrasting with 58% in the other group)
      and the duration of response and survival.

PMID- 393430
TI  - Immunochemical determination of human apolipoprotein B by laser nephelometry.
AB  - The Hyland laser nephelometer PDQ system for the assay of apolipoprotein B (apo
      B) in human serum is described. Within and between-batch precision, accuracy and
      reliability are discussed. This instrument represents an important development in
      the immunochemical assay of apo-B, and the speed, precision, and convenience of
      the methodology make such a system attractive. Quantitation of apo-B was assessed
      in normal and hyperlipaemic subjects. Comparisons were made with two other
      specific and sensitive immunological methods for quantifying apo-B:
      enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) and rocket immunoelectrophoresis (RIE). Results obtained
      by the three methods correlated very well.

PMID- 393431
TI  - [Measurement of serum insulin by enzyme immunoassay. Effect of serum
      concentration on EIA (author's transl)].

PMID- 393432
TI  - Carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: incidence and presentation
      of different histological types.

PMID- 393434
TI  - Confirmation of an influence of the inherited Lp(a) variation on serum insulin
      and glucose levels.
AB  - Previously reported analyses on three different series of people suggested that
      fasting serum insulin levels are lower in males with (high levels of) serum Lp(a)
      lipoprotein (Lp(a+)) than in males without detectable Lp(a) lipoprotein (Lp(a-)).
      The same was observed during an oral glucose tolerance test. Also, blood glucose
      concentrations tended to be lower in males with high levels of Lp(a) lipoprotein
      than in those in whose serum no Lp(a) lipoprotein could be detected. In this
      paper, we present data which appear to confirm the previously reported results. A
      significant correlation was found between the fasting triglyceride level and the
      sum of insulin values determined during the oral glucose tolerance test in
      healthy Lp(a-) but not in Lp(a+) individuals. The present data, together with
      those previously reported on an effect of the Lp(a) locus on serum lipid levels
      and on propensity to contract coronary heart disease, indicate that the
      genetically determined Lp(a) lipoprotein may be of considerable clinical
      importance.

PMID- 393435
TI  - Antenatal diagnosis in three pregnancies at risk for mannosidosis.
AB  - Three pregnancies were monitored in two families at risk for mannosidosis, alpha
      mannosidase and alpha fucosidase were determined on extracts from white blood
      cells of several members of these families, on fibroblast cell lines from the
      index cases and on uncultured and cultured amniotic cells of the foetuses. Two
      foetuses were diagnosed as affected and one as being free from the disease. The
      conclusions were confirmed on the affected foetuses after interruption of the
      pregnancy. The noticeable residual activity of alpha mannosidase found in some
      fibroblasts and cultured amniotic cells required complementary investigations
      (heat lability and dependency of substrate concentration) to reach a reliable
      diagnosis. Invesitgation of uncultured amniotic cells may give useful additional
      information.

PMID- 393433
TI  - Tumours of the parotid gland.

PMID- 393436
TI  - A rapid and simple sandwich-method used for chromosome analysis from small fetal
      and adult biopsy specimens.
AB  - A new Sandwich-Method is described which uses aborted material and yields a high
      frequency of metaphases. Chromosome studies may be performed after 7--8 days
      without subculturing. It is possible to freeze the original tissue for later cell
      culture.

PMID- 393428
TI  - Mutagenic effects of some anticancer antibiotics.

PMID- 393438
TI  - Lymphocyte cytotoxicity to autologous hepatocytes in HBsAg-negative chronic
      active hepatitis.
AB  - In a micrototoxicity assay, lymphocytes from ten out of sixteen patients with
      HBsAg-negative chronic active hepatitis have been shown to be cytotoxic to
      autologous hepatocytes isolated from percutaneous liver biopsies. This cytoxicity
      was demonstrable in all six untreated patients but in only four out of ten
      receiving immunosuppressive treatment, the presence of cytotoxicity showing a
      significant association with the activity of the disease assessed histologically.
      The addition of excess purified lipoprotein (LSP), derrived from the hepatocyte
      plasma membrane, blocked the reaction in all cytotoxic cases, indicating that LSP
      was the major target antigen. Enriched fractions of T cells were cytotoxic in
      only one case, whereas non-T cell fractions were cytotoxic in the other ten cases
      investigated in this way. For optimum T cell cytotoxicity, effector and target
      cells must share histocompatibility determinants and the results of this study
      using an autologous system show conclusively that the lymphocyte cytotoxicity
      found in HBsAg-negative chronic active hepatitis is mediated by a non-T cell
      population.

PMID- 393439
TI  - A simple, rapid micro-latex fixation test.
AB  - A micro-latex fixation test (LFT) for the determination of rheumatoid factor (RF)
      is presented. Its advantages compared to similar tests are greater precision,
      simplicity, increased sensitivity, lower cost, reproducibility and adaptibility
      to large-scale testing. Micro-LFT titres are presented from a wide range of
      sample populations. The majority of normal samples show measureable titres
      whereas rheumatoid patients show high titres. A large sampling of pre- and post
      transplant sera from kidney patients was studied and the micro-LFT titres were in
      the range of normal persons. The transplant sera were tested for lymphocytotoxic
      antibodies and no correlation was observed with the micro-LFT titres.

PMID- 393437
TI  - Studies of migration inhibition tests in penicillin hypersensitivity.
AB  - The release of the migration inhibition factors, leucocyte inhibitory factor
      (LIF) and macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) from stimulated peripheral
      blood lymphocytes has been compared in patients with immediate (IgE-mediated)
      penicillin allergy and in patients with delayed hypersensitivity to tuberculin
      PPD. It has been shown that in these two groups of subjects, a comparable
      specific proliferative response can occur following stimulation with the
      appropriate drug (benzylpenicillin) or antigen (PPD). By cell fractionation
      studies, the proliferation was found to occur in the isolated T cell population
      in both subject groups. However, the lymphocyte response to benzylpenicillin was
      rarely associated with the release of LIF or MIF, in contrast to the situation in
      tuberculin sensitivity where a concomitant release of LIF and MIF was found. In
      about one third of penicillin allergic subjects, culture supernatants from
      specifically stimulated lymphocyte cultures induced migration inhibition in the
      indirect leucocyte migration test, but the inhibitory activity apparently
      resulted from the presence of penicillin-specific antibody and not from LIF.

PMID- 393441
TI  - Serum associated leucocyte locomotion inhibition and leucocyte motility in
      malignant melanoma: effect of BCG treatment.

PMID- 393440
TI  - Sperm autoantibodies as a consequence of vasectomy. II. Long-term follow-up
      studies.
AB  - Thirty-four out of fifty-two vasectomized men studied previously were studied
      again about 5 years after vasectomy for sperm-agglutinating and sperm-immoblizing
      antibodies, and for antibodies to human protamine. Only one man lost his already
      weak antibody activity, whilst one out of eight men, negative at 1 year, appeared
      to be positive at 5 years. Slightly higher titres in one of the three sperm
      antibody tests were found in the sera of about 30% of the men. Only in three (9%)
      was there a rise of two or more steps in more than one technique. Agglutinins and
      immobilizins were shown to be strongly correlated, as was the case with
      antibodies to human protamine and head-to-head agglutinins. Seminal plasma sperm
      agglutinins were detected in the samples of only four (out of thirty) men, in low
      titres. Circulating immune complexes tested with various techniques were only
      found in a few sera and not consistently. This prolonged study shows that sperm
      autoantibodies formed within 1 year after vasectomy are persistent. Their role in
      remaining infertility after reanastomosis requires further study.

PMID- 393442
TI  - Antibodies directed against renal collecting ducts in sera of human renal
      allograft recipients.
AB  - Anatibodies directed against the plasma membrane of renal collecting ducts were
      found in the sera of two out of 101 renal allograft recipients. The sera also
      reacted with the epithelium of the renal pelvis, the ureter, the ductus deferens,
      the skin, the oesophagus, the trachea and the bile ducts of random individuals,
      indicating that the antibodies were directed against a widespread epithelial
      antigen. The antibody activity against these structures was removed by absorption
      of the sera with homogenized renal medullary tissue; absorption with plasma
      proteins, erythrocytes, spleen leucocytes or platelets did not influence the
      antibody titers. In the two patients with circulating antibodies, the graft
      function was unremarkable eight and fifteen months after transplantation,
      respectively. From this study we conclude that circulating epithelial antibodies
      directed against the collecting ducts of the graft are of little or no clinical
      importance.

PMID- 393443
TI  - Antibodies in guinea-pigs immunized with kidney and lung basement membranes.

PMID- 393445
TI  - Malignant melanoma with renal dense deposits containing tumor antigens.
AB  - A patient with disseminated malignant melanoma developed mild renal failure with
      proteinuria four months following the diagnosis of his neoplasm. Renal biopsy
      showed a membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Electron microscopy revealed
      intramembranous dense deposits in the glomeruli as well as in tubular basement
      membranes and Bowman's capsule. Immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated
      granular staining for C3 in these same locations and granular deposits of
      immunoglobulins in the glomerular capillary loops. Light and electron microscopy
      of the autopsy kidney obtained 5 months later revealed progression of the number,
      size and density of the deposits. Eluates from both autopsy and biopsy kidney
      contained melanoma antigen and anti-melanoma antibodies. This case illustrates
      the association between the dense deposits and neoplasia with the dense deposits
      representing immune complexes with the tumor as antigen.

PMID- 393446
TI  - Erythrocytes associated with idiopathic membranous glomerulopathy.
AB  - Erythrocytosis has been observed in association with a number of renal diseases.
      We report for the first time the occurrence of true erythrocytosis in a patient
      with nephrotic syndrome due to idiopathic membranous glomerulopathy. Serum
      erythropoietin activity was found to be normal. The mechanism responsible for the
      erythrocytosis of renal parenchymal disease remains to be elucidated.

PMID- 393444
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity to soluble and particulate inhaled antigens.

PMID- 393448
TI  - Infarction of renal allografts demonstrated by imaging with Tc-99m-DTPA.
AB  - The diagnosis of renal infarction on serial scintimages in renal allograft
      recipients is a relatively easy diagnosis. When the infarction is total or
      occupies a major portion of the kidney, the infarcted area will appear as
      photonpenic. Smaller infarctions will produce characteristic wedge shaped or oval
      defects along the kidney periphery. A possible source of error in interpretation
      is a recent biopsy procedure on the transplanted kidney.

PMID- 393447
TI  - Treatment of the hemolytic uremic syndrome with plasma.
AB  - Two patients with the hemolytic uremic syndrome were treated with plasma exchange
      an infusion: in both cases, the reduced platelet count reverted to normal values
      and the microangiopathic anemia ceased within a few days. Systemic blood pressure
      and requirement for antihypertensive drug therapy were also markedly reduced
      following treatment with plasma. Venousprostacyclin (antiplatelet aggregating)
      activity was undetectable in both patients before but was restored after
      treatment with plasma. The plasma samples collected before, but not those
      collected at various intervals after replacement therapy, had decreased capacity
      to stimulate prostacyclin activity in rat aortic rings. It is suggested that in
      patients with the hemolytic uremic syndrome or with other clinical conditions
      which can be included under this rubric (such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic
      purpura) a plasma factor is lacking which stimulates prostacyclin activity.
      Plasma would supply such a missing factor, thus representing a rational treatment
      for some of the life-threatening manifestations (thrombocytopenia, hemolytic
      anemia, hypertension) of this severe syndrome.

PMID- 393449
TI  - [Clinical research with promolate (morphethylbutyne) as antitussive agent in some
      respiratory diseases].

PMID- 393450
TI  - Medical memorandum. Criteria for planning a research project.

PMID- 393451
TI  - Multi-user system for analysis of data from flow cytometry.
AB  - A new program is described for the analysis of DNA histograms from flow
      cytometry. The fundamental model representing the cell population is similar to
      one described previously. It assumes the population is grouped into compartments,
      each consisting of cells having approximately the same DNA content. After
      staining the cells with an appropriate fluorochrome, the fluorescence
      distribution of cells within each compartment is assumed to be Gaussian. In the
      present algorithm, the parameters of the model can either be computed directly by
      the program from the data, or can be specified as input by the user. When
      synchronous cell populations lacking distinct G1 and G2/M phases are analyzed,
      the parameter values must first be obtained using an appropriate control.
      Percentages of cells in the various compartments are computed using a gradient
      search method described by Bevington.

PMID- 393452
TI  - A general purpose computerized display and analysis system for image processing
      in nuclear medicine.
AB  - In this work a general purpose image processor is described, which takes into
      account the special features and the various requirements for analysing images in
      nuclear medicine. A new approach for system structure involving encoding and
      representing medical images is given. This encoder, which is part of the image
      processor, is efficient especially for long-term storage and for certain pattern
      recognition in medical imaging. In this processor a statistical package is
      incorporated for collecting medical statistics using the acquired patient data.
      This information is used together with the encoder for an automated diagnostic
      system.

PMID- 393453
TI  - A computer program for the analysis of dental models.
AB  - This paper presents the details and logic of a Fortran computer program which
      carries out routine clinical analysis of dental models resulting from impressions
      of the teeth and related structures, which are subsequently cast in plaster of
      Paris. The program is primarily intended for use by the orthodontist who is
      engaged in research or clinical practice, and is useful in studies related to
      changes in the dentition as a result of orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 393454
TI  - [The original form of nursing observed in Nightingale's ward--a simple form of
      nursing].

PMID- 393455
TI  - [Re-discovery of Nightingale's wards--from the viewpoint of a hospital
      architect].

PMID- 393456
TI  - Pituitary and ovarian function in women receiving hormonal contraception.
AB  - A study was performed to further evaluate pituitary-ovarian function in women
      receiving an oral contraceptive preparation. Basal hormone levels (follicle
      stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol and prolactin) and
      gonadotropic response to gonadotropic releasing hormone were studied in 12
      healthy, regularly ovulating women in the early follicular and mid-luteal phases
      of their menstrual cycle (non-treatment control period). These same women were
      then given NORDETTE (ethinyl estradiol 30 microgram +d-Norgestrel 150 microgram)
      cyclically for 3 months. In the third month of treatment, the tests were repeated
      on day 21, i.e. after 21 active pills, and on day 28, i.e. after 21 active and 7
      inactive tablets. On active preparation, basal luteinizing hormone, follicle
      stimulating hormone and estradiol and gonadotropin response to gonadotropin
      releasing hormone were significantly suppressed. However, by day 28 (after
      completion of the inactive tablets), basal gonadotropin and estradiol
      concentrations and the gonadotropic response to gonadotropic releasing hormone
      were not significantly different to their pretreatment levels. No consistent
      change in prolactin concentration occurred as a result of oral contraceptive
      therapy. These results indicate that the 'active' component of even a relatively
      low-dose pill causes considerable suppression of pituitary-ovarian function but
      that after 7 days of placebo, pituitary function and basal estradiol secretion
      have virtually returned to normal.

PMID- 393457
TI  - Long-term multicentre trial with TA-RO CAP, a new spermicidal product.
AB  - 326 healthy couples were selected to enter the trial of a new intravaginal
      contraceptive called the TA-RO CAP. The trial lasted three years. Clinical and
      laboratory examinations were performed periodically to determine the long-term
      effectiveness, tolerability and acceptance. Statistical evaluation of results was
      performed by life-table analysis.

PMID- 393458
TI  - Cadmium and the food chain.

PMID- 393459
TI  - Renal clearance, insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in spontaneous diabetes
      mellitus of dogs.
AB  - A standard intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and the insulin response to
      the glucose loads were studied in 14 cases of diabetes mellitus in dogs. In
      addition, urinary glucose excretion, and clearances of urea, creatinine and
      phosphate were also determined in these dogs. All diabetic dogs were
      characterized by glucose intolerance as expressed by an abnormal half-time (T
      1/2) or fractional clearance rate (k-value) and were further classified as Types
      I, II or III diabetes on the basis of their insulin responses. Renal functional
      impairment was observed in about 60 percent of the cases and was generally mild.
      There appeared to be no apparent relationship between advanced chronic renal
      disease and severity of diabetes in dogs.

PMID- 393460
TI  - Mechanics and thermodynamics of biomembranes: part 1.

PMID- 393461
TI  - The application of computer simulation to the design and management of hospital
      clinical laboratories.

PMID- 393462
TI  - Technology transfer in medicine.

PMID- 393463
TI  - Auditory-evoked response methodology in animals.

PMID- 393464
TI  - A comparative study of fenbufen and indomethacin in patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - A short-term, double-blind crossover study was completed in 29 patients with
      definite rheumatoid arthritis to compare the antirheumatic activity of
      indomethacin (100 mg/day) with that of fenbufen (800 mg/day). The patients were
      randomly allocated to two groups and treated for a period of 6 weeks with each of
      the drugs. Subjective and objective assessment of rheumatic activity showed that
      indomethacin produced significant improvement only in morning stiffness and
      walking time; however, following fenbufen a significant improvement in walking
      time, grip strength and joint swelling resulted. Both the observed and the
      patients assessed the fenbufen period as significantly better than the baseline
      and that following indomethacin.

PMID- 393465
TI  - Double-blind clinical evaluation of a new anti-inflammatory drug, protacine,
      versus indomethacin.
AB  - A double-blind clinical trial was carried out in 69 rheumatic in-patients to
      compare the efficacy and tolerance of a new, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
      agent, protacine, with that of indomethacin. Patients received either 150 mg
      protacine or 50 mg indomethacin 3-times daily for 21 days. The time course of
      symptoms was recorded by semiquantitative scoring, as were side-effects.
      Uropepsinogen excretion, occult blood in faeces and standard physiological
      parameters were also monitored. Protacine globally decreased symptom scores by
      58.5% and indomethacin by 24.3% (p less than 0.001). The computed time to reduce
      symptom scores by 50% was 17.2 days with protacine as compared to 39.2 days with
      indomethacin (p less than 0.001). Physiological parameters did not change, except
      white blood cells which decreased after protacine (each subject however,
      remaining well within the physiological range) and erythrocyte sedimentation
      rate, which decreased in both groups. Uropepsinogen excretion increased by 70%
      after protacine, and threefold after indomethacin (p less than 0.001). Occult
      blood search was positive in 1 patient receiving protacine, while 2 who were
      already positive before receiving protacine became negative during the treatment.
      Four patients taking indomethacin were found to be positive, 1 showing melaena.
      The one who was already positive before treatment showed increasing severity of
      occult bleeding during indomethacin administration. Frequency and severity of
      side-effects were significantly less with protacine (p = 0.004). In conclusion,
      protacine showed analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions significantly more
      potent and rapid than those of indomethacin, with significantly fewer and less
      severe side-effects.

PMID- 393467
TI  - Genetic obesity in man and rodents.

PMID- 393466
TI  - Dietary management of the pregnant diabetic.
AB  - The tendency of the pregnant diabetic to fasting ketosis limits the extent to
      which calorie restriction (particularly negative calorie balance) can be used in
      the treatment of the obese, adult-onset, pregnant diabetic. In addition, the
      vagaries of measuring excess weight gain and detecting extraneous sources of
      weight gain in diabetic pregnancy, and the difficulty of accurately enforcing a
      caloric prescription without forcing the subject to weigh her food, make the
      determination of an accurate degree of caloric limitation difficult at best. A
      greater reliance on the mother's appetite center may be more accurate and
      rewarding in most instances than any devices available to the clinician.
      Important considerations in the diet of the pregnant diabetic are adequate
      protein, minerals, and vitamins, an amount of carbohydrate that is constant from
      day to day but not necessarily restricted, carbohydrate intake in an unrefined
      form that maximizes the intake of associated fiber, and a reproducible meal and
      snack schedule which complements in insulin regimen. Insulin must remain the
      primary therapeutic tool if the effects of maternal diabetes on fetal morbidity
      and mortality are to be minimized.

PMID- 393468
TI  - Nutrition management of hyperlipidemias.

PMID- 393469
TI  - Lipids in cystic fibrosis.

PMID- 393470
TI  - The regulation and function of ornithine decarboxylase and of the polyamines.

PMID- 393471
TI  - Biochemistry of phagocyte chemotaxis.

PMID- 393472
TI  - Neoplastic tissue: the so-called cancer cell.

PMID- 393473
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. Mieczyslaw Jankowski].

PMID- 393474
TI  - [Anastomosis prolapse of the gastric mucosa].
AB  - X-rays of 91 patients who underwent gastric surgery between 1973 and 1977 were
      retrospectively evaluated. We found 16 large mucosal prolapses through the
      gastroduodenal anastomosis and another six with a so-called anastomosis bulge. Of
      these patients, 77% presented complaints in relation to delayed gastric emptying.
      When analyzing the prolapse frequency, patient age at the time of surgery, type
      of surgery, and suture technique, we found that mucosal prolapse occurred mostly
      in older patients with an extensive gastric resection after oralis-partialis
      anastomosis and after employing the two-layered suture technique.

PMID- 393475
TI  - [Boeck's disease with spinal involvement and retroperitoneal fibrosis].
AB  - Sarcoidosis (Morbus Boeck) is a frequently found disease of the
      reticulohistiocytic system. Etiology and pathogenesis were mostly unknown until
      today. Histologic study of sarcoidosis shown granuloma with epitheloid cells
      similar to tuberculosis, often with hyalinization but without cheesy necrosis.
      The disease mostly starts with a mediastinal and cervical lymphadenopathy.
      Radiographically, the disease shows three typical stages when spreading to the
      lungs. Bone involvement in lymphomas, especially vertebral involvement, is found
      to be rare. A case with an additional retroperitoneal fibrosis is reported from
      our own hospital.

PMID- 393476
TI  - Four appointment office procedures for full dentures.

PMID- 393477
TI  - The bactericidal activity of sera of healthy neonates and newborns with
      hyperbilirubinaemia to E. coli.
AB  - Cord and newborn sera were found to possess a significantly decreased in vitro
      bactericidal activity to E. coli as compared to sera of adults.
      Hyperbilirubinaemia in neonataes suffering from both Rh and ABO incompatibility
      results in a further significant impairment of bactericidal activity of their
      sera in comparison to healthy newborn infants. Exchange transfusion considerably
      improved this serum antibacterial activity. The possible mechanism of toxic
      action of unconjugated bilirubin on the cells of the immune system is discussed.

PMID- 393478
TI  - Cartilage and osteoarthrosis: changes of collagen and proteoglycans.
AB  - The authors discuss changes of proteoglycans and collagen in osteoarthrotic
      cartilage, based on their own results. During osteoarthrosis the proteoglycan
      molecule diminishes in size, mainly due to a diminution of the carbohydrate
      portion. The diminution of binding glycoprotein leads to changes in the
      interaction with hyaluronic acid. Collagen is more soluble and has a reduced
      resistance to proteolytic enzymes. In the osteoarthrotic cartilage also collagen
      type I and III is present.

PMID- 393479
TI  - [CFU-S in syngeneic extramedullary bone marrow transplants].

PMID- 393480
TI  - The application of clearance concepts to propranolol disposition in man.

PMID- 393481
TI  - The role of metabolism in the hepatotoxicity of isoniazid and iproniazid.

PMID- 393482
TI  - Ecological significance of mixed-function oxidations.

PMID- 393483
TI  - [A quarter century of pediatric heart surgery].

PMID- 393484
TI  - [Management of split skin grafts].

PMID- 393485
TI  - [Myositis].

PMID- 393486
TI  - [Metabolic myopathies].

PMID- 393487
TI  - [Endocrine myopathies].

PMID- 393488
TI  - [Aanalysis of nursing in Latin America].
AB  - The article presents a comprehensive analysis of health and nursing practices and
      their relationship to the economic structure and dominant means of production in
      Latin America. The analysis stems from a division of economic history into the
      following periods: 1900 to 1930, 1930 to 1960, and from the end of 1960 to
      present. The writer examines the characteristics of economic and social
      development in each of those periods and correlates them with health and nursing
      practices. She delves particularly into the predominant forms of nursing practice
      and the various approaches to training for auxiliary, technical, and professional
      staff. She seeks to show that both practice and knowledge in the field of health
      and nursing are related to the process of economic production. She suggests that
      recognition of this fact would contribute to a better understanding of the
      problems confronting the health and education sectors and would permit a search
      for more realistic solutions to the problems.

PMID- 393489
TI  - [Social security nursing in Costa RICA].
AB  - This article reviews the development of social security in Costa Rica throughout
      the various stages of its growth starting in 1941, with special reference to the
      scope of the health and maternity insurance system and to disability, old-age,
      and life insurance. After describing the institutional setting of the social
      security system, the authors analyze the changes that have taken place in the
      training and performance of duties of nursing staff in the health services, all
      of which are now part of the Costa Rican Social Security Fund. Lastly, they
      present the two-year curriculum for training the graduate nurse, and refer to the
      practice of nursing in the social security system and to the duties performed by
      the nurse in health education, the actual care of the well and the sick,
      administration, and research.

PMID- 393490
TI  - [Development of nursing education in Boliva].
AB  - The authors analyze the various stages in the evolution of nursing education in
      Bolivia. The article begins with 1938, when the first Nursing School was
      established in the country, and ends at the present time. It emphasizes the
      series of national and institutional events leading up to the current curricula
      for the professional nursing and nursing auxiliary programs, which give special
      attention to the training of personnel to serve under programs of primary health
      care with community participation.

PMID- 393491
TI  - [Community health as a determinant of the nursing curriculum].
AB  - This paper summarizes the experience acquired under the first university-level
      program for the basic training of nurses in Peru. It describes the gradual
      refining of the academic curriculum, which was designed not only to train people
      as competent professionals, but also to acquaint them with the country's basic
      social problems. Four levels of teaching-learning were defined in wide-ranging
      discussions in which various academic and professional sectors connected with the
      health field participated. Establishing a process of steps of increasing
      complexity has considerably facilitated the integration of community health, the
      scientific method, and mental health into the structure of the curriculum. The
      practice of community nursing was heavily emphasized, and it was endeavored to
      strike a balance between hospital experience and work in communities themselves.
      The program includes specific studies community groups spanning such aspects as
      control of the more common disease, epidemiologic surveillance, and accident and
      disaster prevention. Practical work in community health care earns the same
      credit as hospital internship. The paper closes with a description of the
      experience of a specific program conducted in the self-managed city of Villa El
      Salvador under an agreement between the community and the university. The writer
      also notes that the intense campaign to publicize the program is having an effect
      because most nurse-training institutions in Peru are tending to add community
      nursing to their curricula.

PMID- 393492
TI  - [The value of the acid etching technic for the bonding of composite materials to
      the hard substances of the teeth].

PMID- 393493
TI  - [Liability claims for prosthetic treatment].
AB  - Liability claims of 153 patients receiving prosthetic treatment were organized
      according to damage and were discussed on the basis of the known decisions and
      judgements of the courts.

PMID- 393494
TI  - [Does traumatic occlusion change the jaw relations?].
AB  - Jaw relations were established via squashbites, and the deviations from habitual
      intercuspidation were measured. The evaluation of 252 squashbites indicated that
      1. The mandible deviated as a result of the squashbite. The deviations are not
      related to the side and almost always lead to an increase in vertical jaw
      relations. 2. Primarily lateral deviations of the mandible are observed with
      unilateral squashbites. 3. Simultaneous bilateral squashbites, on the other hand,
      lead to left as well as right lateral deviation of the mandible. 4. The absolute
      values of the deviations in the sagittal direction are lowest in the middle;
      those directed ventrally are slightly more predominant. 5. Compared with
      materials containing siloxane, squashbites with plaster casts revealed no
      significant alterations in the qualitative deviations. 6. In terms of direction
      and extent, deviations of the mandible (primarily sagittal) depend on occlusal
      factors.

PMID- 393495
TI  - [Shape of the bridge body in suspended bridgework and dental hygiene].

PMID- 393496
TI  - [Compressibility of the tegumentum of the frontal maxillary crest with reference
      to the extent of model etchings].
AB  - Using a measuring technique developed by the authors, the compressibility of the
      tegmental ridge in the region of the center incisors was acertained. The
      indentation depth was determined at which blood circulation was disturbed and
      total anemia and/or pain was produced. Based on the measurements obtained,
      recommendations were made for the admissible and/or inadmissible extent of model
      etchings for the reception of bridge components.

PMID- 393497
TI  - [Comparative measurements of standard drills and turbines].
AB  - Standard electric micromotors as well as accessory handpieces and right-angle
      handpieces were subjected to technical tests. Turbines with and without traction
      power (bearing power) were also studied. The rotational speed could be regulated
      on one turbine. Normal to high rotational speeds were obtained with electric
      micromotors when used in conjunction with the transferance attachment. The motors
      functioned well in terms of the linearity of rotational speed. The study of the
      rotational speed, regulation of rotational speed, and traction power of the
      turbines showed that the rotational speed and the possibility of so-called
      contact grinding of the turbine is equal to that of micromotors. In terms of
      grinding trauma to the pulp and gingiva, the indications shifted in favor of the
      turbine.

PMID- 393498
TI  - [Plastic bonding material as the origin of mucosal disorders].
AB  - A case reported in which the patient complained of sensations in the musoca over
      a period of one year. Various other specialists were consulted, but the cause of
      these sensations could not be established. When the plastic facing on the upper
      anterior crowns was removed, the sensations disappeared. A metal-ceramic bridge
      was inserted, and the patient was fitted with a removable dental prosthesis
      containing teeth made of mineral substance and a base of injection moulding
      (Copodon). The patient is still free of complaints.

PMID- 393500
TI  - [Laser studies on partial dentures and crowns connected to the teeth (in vitro)].

PMID- 393499
TI  - [Denture stomatitis: results of a follow-up study].
AB  - Elimination of mechanical and traumatic factors, consistent oral hygiene, and
      local antimycotic therapy led to rapid healing of the inflammatory alterations in
      most cases of stomatitis prothetica. Long-time observations showed a high
      frequency of recurrence; the way in which the prosthesis was worn was apparently
      a major contributing factor. These alterations often appeared as spotty or flat
      inflammatory red patches (i.e. denture stomatitis) and were sometimes combined
      with inflammatory granular or papillary hyperplasia and angular cheilitis. The
      associated subjective symptoms were slight or entirely absent.

PMID- 393501
TI  - Changes of serum insulin level in lethally irradiated rats.
AB  - The levels of serum immunoreactive insulin and blood glucose were measured at 1,
      6, 24, 48 and 72 h after the exposure to irradiation (387 mC kg-1 (1500 R) x-rays
      in male Wistar rats weighing about 200 g and fasted overnight before the
      irradiation. At 6 h a significant decrease of serum insulin was found which was
      parallel in both irradiated animals and sham-irradiated controls. This was
      presumably due to the handling during the irradiation procedure. At later time
      intervals, the level of insulin in irradiated animals appeared to be relatively
      stable, while that in controls was significantly increased at 24 h and later
      showed a steep decline resulting in a significantly decreased level at 72 h. The
      level of blood glucose was significantly increased in irradiated animals at 6, 24
      and 48 h, the average increase at 72 h being about 300 per cent of the level in
      controls.

PMID- 393502
TI  - Technique for study of hypothalamus (-) pituitary (-) testis function in vitro.
AB  - An in vitro system consisting of the rat hypothalamic tissue, the collagenase
      digested isolated anterior pituitary cells and the Leydig cells, has been
      employed, where the testosterone production of the incubated Leydig cells was
      measured as the end point. The method appeared to be highly sensitive and
      specific in studying the functional interrelations of hypothalamus-pituitary
      testis system. The sensitivity of the Leydig cells to hCG was 0.1--1.0 mU per
      10(6) cells, and that of the anterior pituitary cells to LHRH responding with LH
      release was in the range of 0.1--1.0 ng per 10(6) cells. Two hypothalamic blocks
      can release a sufficient amount of LHRH to produce LH secretion in the pituitary
      cell preparation. The described technique seems to be a suitable in vitro
      approach for measuring the functional activity of the system studied and for
      evaluation of the sites of response to various external agents.

PMID- 393503
TI  - Prolonged pseudoaldosteronism induced by glycyrrhizin.
AB  - We describe the natural recovery from the aggravated hypertension, hypokalemia
      and suppression of the renin-aldosterone axis after the glycyrrhizin
      discontinuation in two mild hypertensive women aged 71 and 68 years, who had been
      administered 273 to 546 mg glycyrrhizin daily for 1.5 and 6 months, respectively,
      for the treatment of liver disease. About one month after the glycyrrhizin
      discontinuation, acceleration of hypertension, hypokalemia and suppression of the
      renin-aldosterone system still continued in both patients. At this stage, sodium
      restriction resulted in the normalization of blood pressure with weight loss and
      the subsequent sodium repletion produced a rapid increase in blood pressure to
      hypertensive levels observed before sodium restriction, with weight gain. Plasma
      renin activity and plasma aldosterone were low and did not respond to sodium
      restriction. Inappropriately excessive amounts of potassium were also excreted in
      the presence of hypokalemia. About one and a half months later, the improvements
      of aggravated hypertension, hypokalemia and suppressed renin-aldosterone system
      gradually occurred in both patients. Sodium restriction performed about three
      months later in case 2 no longer produced the changes in blood pressure and body
      weight. Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone responded subnormally to
      sodium restriction. These results demonstrate that both patients had a
      prolongation of the syndrome resembling primary aldosteronism except the low
      plasma aldosterone level about one month after the glycyrrhizin discontinuation.
      The possible mechanisms by which this prolongation was caused are discussed.

PMID- 393504
TI  - Effect of somatostatin on glucose-induced 45Ca uptake in the pancreatic islets.
AB  - This study was designed in an attempt to elucidate a mechanism of somatostatin
      inhibition of glucose-induced Ca+ uptake by rat pancreatic islets. Rat pancreatic
      islets were perifused with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate (KRB) buffer containing 16.7
      mM of glucose with somatostatin (2 micrograms/ml) or/and diltiazem HCl (2 x 10(
      5) M). Somatostatin inhibited preferentially the early phase of glucose-induced
      insulin release, whereas diltiazem HCl inhibited the late one. And the
      concomitant presence of the submaximal concentration of somatostatin (2
      micrograms/ml) and diltiazem HCl (2 x 10(-5 M) provided the completely additive
      inhibition of glucose-induced insulin release. Rat pancreatic islets were
      incubated with KRB buffer supplemented with 16.7 mM of glucose and 45CaCl2 (10
      muCi/ml) for 5--60 min and the biphasic 45Ca uptake by pancreatic islets was
      obtained. Somatostatin (500 ng/ml-4 micrograms/ml) gave the suppressive effect on
      the early phase of glucose-induced 45Ca uptake, but the higher concentration (2
      micrograms/ml) of somatostatin did not impair the late phase of 45Ca uptake by
      pancreatic islets. On the other hand, diltiazem HCl did suppress the late phase
      of glucose-induced 45Ca uptake dose-dependently, but did not suppress the early
      phase (2 x 10(-5) M). These data indicate that somatostatin suppresses the early
      phase of glucose-induced Ca2+ uptake preferentially to the late one and has a
      different action mechanism from Ca antagonist on glucose-induced insulin release.

PMID- 393505
TI  - Effects of an angiotensin II antagonist; [sarcosine 1, isoleucine 8] angiotensin
      II, on blood pressure, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration
      in hypertensive and normotensive subjects taking oral contraceptives.
AB  - To examine the involvement of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the
      etiology of oral contraceptive induced hypertension, normal women (Group I),
      normotensive (Group II) and hypertensive (Group III) women taking Ovulen (R) were
      infused with a competitive angiotensin II (AII) antagonist, [1-sarcosine, 8
      isoleucine] angiotensin II. The angiotensin II antagonist was infused at a rate
      of 600 ng/kg/min for 30 min 1.5 hrs after intravenous injection of 40 mg of
      furosemide. Blood pressure was monitored and pre-infusion and post-infusion
      plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) were
      determined. Pre-infusion PRA and PAC showed no significant differences among
      these three groups. In response to the AII antagonist infusion blood pressure
      rose in Groups I and II, but blood pressure responses in Group III were variable.
      Four out of the total 6 subjects had pressor responses and only one subject had a
      significant blood pressure reduction. In both Groups I and II, PRA decreased and
      PAC rose after infusion of the antagonist. In Group III, PRA decreased to a
      lesser degree and PAC showed no consistent change. These data suggest that the
      renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertensive women or oral contraceptives
      is different from that of the normotensive users. However, the pathophysiology of
      oral contraceptive induced hypertension is not homogenous and angiotensinogenic
      hypertension is uncommon.

PMID- 393507
TI  - Uncoupling action of amytal in membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli.
AB  - The barbiturate amytal (5-ethyl-5-isopentylbarbituric acid) has been shown to
      inhibit amino acid transport in membrane vesicles from anaerobically grown
      Escherichia coli. Amytal has no effect on the activity of the enzymes of the
      nitrate respiration system, nor on electron transfer in this system. However,
      addition of amytal to the membrane vesicles results in a decrease of the membrane
      potential from -90 mV to -72 mV, and to a decrease of the pH-gradient of -61 mV
      to undetectable values. Furthermore, amytal causes an increase in the rate of
      ferricyanide reduction in liposomes, indicating that amytal increases the proton
      permeability of phospholipid membranes. These results demonstrate that amytal
      acts as an uncoupler in membrane vesicles from anaerobically grown E. coli.

PMID- 393506
TI  - Antimicrosomal antibodies, gastric parietal cell antibodies and antinuclear
      factors in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Thyroid antimicrosomal antibodies, gastric parietal cell antibodies (PCA) and
      antinuclear factors were studied in 208 insulin dependent diabetic (IDD)
      according to the duration of diabetes and patient's age at the time of testing.
      Antimicrosomal antibodies were found in 11 out of 47 (23.4%) IDD with the
      duration of less than one year, however this value declined to 13.1% at 1 to 3
      years, 15.3% at 4 to 5 years, 10.8% at 6 to 10 years and 5.8% at more than 10
      years. Of the 47 IDD, 7 (14.8%) were positive for gastric parietal cell
      antibodies. The prevalence of PCA declined with increasing duration of diabetes.
      However, this decrease in the prevalence of antimicrosomal antibodies and PCA was
      not so extreme as that of pancreatic islet cell antibodies. Antinuclear factors
      did not reveal a significant correlation with the duration of diabetes. In normal
      controls, the prevalence of antimicrosomal antibodies, PCA and the antinuclear
      factors increased progressively with age. In IDD, the prevalence of the
      antinuclear factors was also progressively greater with age. However, the
      prevalence of antimicrosomal antibodies in IDD decreased with age and those of
      PCA showed the lowest percent in the 40-69 year-age group.

PMID- 393508
TI  - Isolation and characterisation of peptide hydrolases from the maize root.
AB  - The maize root has two main proteinase and carboxypeptidase components.
      Proteinase I and carboxypeptidase I, which predominate in older plants, appear to
      have a serine group at their active sites and have been estimated to have
      molecular weights of approximately 54000 and 77000 respectively. Proteinase I,
      which has been purified up to 500-fold, degrades haemoglobin and azocasein with
      maximum activity at pH 4 and 9--10 respectively, while on maize root protein it
      gives most hydrolysis in the neutral pH range. The main portion of the nitrate
      reductase-inactivating activity in the maize root extract is due to proteinase I.
      Carboxypeptidase I, like several other plant carboxypeptidases such as
      carboxypeptidase C which have now (IUB Recommendations 1978) been classified as
      serine carboxypeptidases (EC 3.4.16.1), has maximum activity around pH 5 and has
      esterase activity. A second group of proteases, proteinase II and
      carboxypeptidase II, separated from the above on carboxymethyl-cellulose, were
      shown to have different molecular weight properties and be equally sensitive to
      serine and thiol group inhibitors. Proteinase II degrades haemoglobin, but not
      azocasein and does not mediate nitrate reductase inactivation. Associated with
      this second group of proteases was a macromolecular component which inactivated
      nitrate reductase but, unlike the action of proteinase I, was not inhibited by
      phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride or casein. It was inhibited by metal chelating
      agents which were without effect on nitrate reductase inactivation due to
      proteinase I.

PMID- 393509
TI  - On the structure of the teichoic acid from the cell wall of Streptomyces
      antibioticus 39. Localization of the phosphodiester linkages and elucidation of
      the monomeric units structure by means of 13C-nuclear-magnetic-resonance
      spectroscopy.
AB  - The cell walls of Streptomyces antibioticus 39 contain a glycosylated
      poly(glycerol phosphate), in which the repeating monomeric unit is O-alpha-D
      galactopyranosyl-(1--3)-O-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1--1)
      glycerol monophosphate. The localization of the phosphodiester linkages between
      hydroxyl groups at positions 2 and 3 of the adjacent glycerol residues and the
      structure of the glycoside were established by 13C nuclear-magnetic-resonance
      spectroscopy. The spectral data are also in accordance with the results of the
      methylation analysis and enzyme degradation of the glycoside.

PMID- 393510
TI  - A method for the estimation of esterase synthesis and degradation and its
      application to evaluate the influence of insulin and glucagon.
AB  - The irreversible reaction between liver esterases and the active-site-directed
      inhibitor bis(4-nitrophenyl)phosphate can be used in vivo both for the estimation
      of the esterase contents and for the measurement of the esterase degradation
      rates. A method based on this reaction is described which allows the simultaneous
      estimation of the rate constants of degradation and synthesis of esterases during
      a period of change in protein concentration. Rat liver was found to contain about
      1 mg of organophosphate-binding esterases per g of fresh tissue while the
      microsomal fraction contains about 30 mg of esterases per g of microsomal
      protein. Esterase degradation and de novo synthesis were shown to remain in
      equilibrium for a period of at least five days following the injection of 10 mg
      bis(4-nitro-[14C]phenyl)phosphate per kg. The decrease of the relative amount of
      labeled esterases with time was found to follow first-order kinetics yielding an
      average esterase degrading constant of 0.0165 h-1 which corresponds to a half
      life of 42 h. These data were confirmed by an independent experiment using one of
      the standard procedures for the estimation of degradation rates: [14C]leucine was
      incorporated and one of the esterases was subsequently isolated by immuno
      precipitation. Using isoelectric focussing and dodecyl sulfate electrophoretic
      methods, the various esterase isoenzymes appeared to have very similar, if not
      identical turnover rates. This method for the estimation of the turnover
      characteristics was applied to evaluate hormone effects on liver esterases. The
      time course of the contents and the turnover of liver esterases was measured
      under the influence of glucagon treatment in diabetic rats and under the
      influence of high doses of insulin. The esterase content decreased faster than
      the average content of microsomal protein under the influence of glucagon. The
      reverse effect was observed with insulin-treated rats. Both insulin and glucagon
      apparently reduced the intracellular esterase turnover in rat liver. Kinetic
      analysis of the results revealed that insulin mainly lowered the esterase
      degradation rate, though the rate of esterase synthesis might also have been
      restricted. In the glucagon-treated rats the de novo synthesis of esterases was
      strongly reduced.

PMID- 393512
TI  - Crystallization of bacteriophage MS2.
AB  - Crystals of bacteriophage MS2 have been obtained by slowly cooling a 1% virus
      solution from 23 degrees C to 0 degrees C in the presence of poly(ethylene
      glycol) 6000. The crystals were colorless, needle-like, anisotropic and very
      fragile. Electron microscopic observation of the crystals revealed a two
      dimensional lattice of particles with RNA phage morphology and dimensions.
      Preliminary X-ray examination of the crystals confirmed their viral nature.

PMID- 393511
TI  - The 5-S RNA binding protein from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ribosomes.
      Evolution of the eukaryotic 5-S RNA binding protein.
AB  - The ribonucleoprotein complex between 5-S RNA and its binding protein (5-S RNA .
      protein complex) of yeast ribosomes was released from 60-S subunits with 25 mM
      EDTA and the protein component was purified by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose.
      This protein, designated YL3 (Mr = 36000 on dodecylsulfate gels), was relatively
      insoluble in neutral solutions (pH 4--9) and migrated as one of four acidic 60-S
      subunit proteins when analyzed by the Kaltschmidt and Wittman two-dimensional gel
      system. Amino acid analyses indicated lower amounts of lysine and arginine than
      most ribosomal proteins. Sequence homology was observed in the N terminus of YL3,
      and two prokaryotic 5-S RNA binding proteins, EL18 from Escherichia coli and HL13
      from Halobacterium cutirubrum: Ala1-Phe2-Gln3-Lys4-Asp5-Ala6-Lys7-Ser8-Ser9-Ala10
      Tyr11-Ser12-Ser13-Arg14-Phe15-Gln16-Tyr17-Pro18-Phe19-Arg20-Arg21-Arg22-Arg23
      Glu24-Gly25-Lys26-Thr27-Asp28-Tyr29-Tyr35; of particular interest was homology in
      the cluster of basic residues (18--23). Since the protein contained one
      methionine residue it could be split into two fragments, CN1 (Mr = 24700) and CN2
      (Mr = 11300) by CNBr treatment; the larger fragment originated from the N
      terminus. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of CN2 shared a limited sequence
      homology with an internal portion of a second 5-S RNA binding protein from E.
      coli, EL5, and, based also on the molecular weights of the proteins and studies
      on the protein binding sites in 5-S RNAs, a model for the evolution of the
      eukaryotic 5-S RNA binding protein is suggested in which a fusion of the
      prokaryotic sequences may have occurred. Unlike the native 5-S RNA . protein
      complex, a variety of RNAs interacted with the smaller CN2 fragment to form
      homogeneous ribonucleoprotein complexes; the results suggest that the CN1
      fragment may confer specificity on the natural 5-S RNA-protein interaction.

PMID- 393513
TI  - Methodological aspects of the evaluation of the binding of drugs to plasma and
      tissue proteins.
AB  - This paper describes the methodological aspects of the evaluation of the binding
      of drugs to plasma and tissue proteins. The relevance of the procedures employed
      to certain problems in clinical-pharmacology as well as the role of plasma
      binding in drug distribution and pharmacokinetics are discussed. The possibly
      important role of plasma protein binding of some drugs is emphasized. The
      incidence of plasma binding on drug distribution and pharmacokinetics are
      developed and the possible incidence of pathological states on drug plasma
      binding are considered.

PMID- 393514
TI  - In vitro evidence of cellular and humoral immune responses following lung
      allotransplantation in canine recipients with and without immunosuppressive
      treatment.
AB  - Using donor lung antigens as targets, two test methods, a rosette-forming cell
      test (RFC) and indirect immunofluorescence test (indir. IF), were applied to
      focus on the first set lung allograft rejection in canine recipients with and
      without immunosuppressive treatment. In both groups the first sign of humoral or
      cellular sensitization became evident on the 4th postoperative day, which might
      answer some unsolved problems in early lung graft damage, recently discussed as a
      manifestation of certain immunologic reactions. The tests used, indir. IF and
      RFC, revealed a steadily climbing tendency of immunization in untreated
      recipients and more variable and reversible positive results in the
      immunosuppressively treated group. No correlation between cellular and humoral
      immunity could be proven by our tests. The fact that we found no incorrect
      positive results in RFC suggests that this test provides important hints for the
      diagnosis of lung allograft rejection.

PMID- 393515
TI  - Combined effects of BCG or Candida albicans (CA) with antitumor agents against a
      virus-induced lymphoma in mice.

PMID- 393516
TI  - Abrogation of the phenomenon of leukocyte adherence inhibition by excess
      circulating tumour antigen.

PMID- 393517
TI  - High dose combination chemotherapy (TACC) with and without autologous bone marrow
      transplantation for the treatment of acute leukaemia and other malignant
      diseases: kinetics of recovery of haemopoiesis. A preliminary study of 12 cases.

PMID- 393519
TI  - Hypotensive action and side-effects of flutonidin in normal subjects. A double
      blind controlled trial.
AB  - In a double blind study, planned as a 7 x 7 latin square, three oral doses of
      flutonidin (0.5, 1, 2 mg), of clonidine (0.0075, 0.150, 0.300 mg) and of a
      placebo were administered to 7 normal volunteers on 7 different treatment days,
      with an interval of 3 days. On each treatment day sitting blood pressure, heart
      rate and reaction time were measured, and sedation and dry mouth evaluated before
      the 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 h after administration. The placebo did not modify the
      basal value of any variable. Flutonidin and clonidine produced dose-related
      effects on blood pressure, heart rate, sedation and dry mouth, but did not
      influence reaction time. Analysis of the dose-response curves demonstrated that
      the effect of flutonidin was one-fifth to one-twelfth that of clonidine,
      depending on which variable was considered.

PMID- 393518
TI  - Double-blind comparison of metoprolol, alprenolol, and oxprenolol in
      hypertension.
AB  - A double-blind comparison of the beta-blockers metoprolol, alprenolol and
      oxprenolol was carried out to evaluate their antihypertensive effect and
      tolerability. 105 patients with previously untreated hypertension entered the
      trial and 72 completed it. Side-effects were infrequent and were never the reason
      for drop-out. All three drugs caused a statistically significant reduction in
      blood-pressure at the lower of the two doses used during a dose-finding period.
      At the higher dose employed in this period, metoprolol caused a significantly
      greater reduction in diastolic blood-pressure than did alprenolol or oxprenolol.
      All three drugs caused a significant reduction in heart rate. During the
      following period, the beta-blockers were supplemented if necessary with
      hydrochlorothiazide. This was required less frequently in the metoprolol group
      than in the other two groups.

PMID- 393520
TI  - Once daily administration of sustained release propranolol capsules in the
      treatment of angina pectoris.

PMID- 393521
TI  - Production and characterization of cytotoxic Thy-1 antibody-secreting hybrid cell
      lines. Detection of T cell subsets.

PMID- 393522
TI  - Selective reduction of adrenal medulla response to angiotensin induced by
      suppression of renin-angiotensin.
AB  - Angiotensin II (AII) induced an increase of adrenaline (A) release from rat
      adrenal glands in vitro. The response of the adrenal glands was completely
      abolished 22--24 h after bilateral nephrectomy. Adrenal glands from DOCA-salt
      treated rats did not respond to AII as well, whereas adrenal glands from rats
      treated with furosemide and a low salt diet retained this response. High
      potassium in the medium increased significantly the release of A from in vitro
      incubated adrenal glands of nephrectomized rats from 0.43 +/- 0.04 to 0.63 +/-
      0.06 microgram/gland and salbutamol (in calcium-free medium) increased the
      release from 0.34 +/- 0.03 to 0.43 +/- 0.03 microgram/gland. These results
      indicate that the adrenal medulla develops subsensitivity to AII in vitro,
      following a reduction in levels of this agonist in vivo.

PMID- 393523
TI  - Structural specificity of nucleotides for insulin secretory action from the
      isolated perfused rat pancreas.
AB  - The study concerned the effects of variuos nucleotides on the insulin secretion
      from the isolated perfused rat pancreas. ATP, the first nucleotide studied,
      increased the insulin release induced by glucose 1.5 g/l. There was a first
      immediate peak followed by a second significant and durable increase. The log
      dose-response curve was linear for concentrations ranging from 0.825 microM to
      330 microM. The effects of natural adenine derivatives (ATP, ADP, 5' AMP, cAMP
      and adenosine) were compared. ATP was the most active compound; ADP had nearly
      the same activity as ATP (relative potency ATP/ADP = 3.2); 5' AMP, cAMP and
      adenosine displayed a very weak activity (about 100 fold less active).
      Adenylimido-diphosphate (AMP-PNP), a non-phosphorylating structural analogue of
      ATP, clearly stimulated insulin secretion and its effect was concentration
      related. It was about 10 fold less active than ATP. The comparison of
      triphosphorylated derivatives from various purine nucleosides (ATP, GTP, ITP) or
      pyrimidine nucleosides (CTP and UTP) showed that only the purine derivatives had
      a strong insulin secretory effect with, in order of decreasing activity: ATP
      greater than GTP greater than ITP. These results show that certain structural
      features (purine basis and di- or triphosphate groups) are essential to elicit an
      insulin secretory effect.

PMID- 393524
TI  - Prevention of the development of spontaneous hypertension in rats by captopril
      (SQ 14,225).
AB  - Indirect systolic blood pressure (SBP) was monitored in male, weanling,
      spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) maintained on water for 16 weeks (group A)
      or on captopril therapy (100 mg/kg/day in drinking water) for 4 (group B), 8
      (group C), 12 (group D), 16 (group E) weeks. Weanling SHR of group A developed
      typical, time-related hypertension over a 16-week observation period. In marked
      contrast, SHR receiving captopril did not develop hypertension. Discontinuation
      of captopril after 4, 8, 12 or 16 weeks resulted in the usual development of
      hypertension. There was a transient increase in water consumption of drug treated
      rats which returned to normal by 8 weeks of dosing. Conversely, when captopril
      therapy was discontinued after 4, 8 or 12 weeks, there was a transient decrease
      in water intake, the magnitude of which was inversely related to the duration of
      drug therapy. These results demonstrate that daily captopril therapy was able to
      completely prevent the development of spontaneous hypertension. Explanations for
      the mechanism(s) underlying the influence of captopril on blood pressure and
      water intake remain speculative.

PMID- 393525
TI  - Characterization of furosemide-induced activation of the renal prostaglandin
      system.
AB  - A detailed time course of changes in plasma renin activity (PRA), urinary
      prostaglandin (PG) E2, PGF2 alpha, thromboxane (TX) B2 and sodium excretion rates
      following furosemide was obtained in 7 women. PRA increased within the first 15
      min and remained elevated all through the experiment. PGE2, PGF2 alpha, TXB2 and
      sodium increased simultaneously, reached a peak between 15 and 45 min after
      furosemide and declined thereafter. It is concluded that furosemide induces a
      generalized activation of the renal PG system temporally related to the increase
      of renin release and natriuresis.

PMID- 393526
TI  - 6-Keto-prostaglandin E1 inhibits the aggregation of human platelets.
AB  - 6-Keto-prostaglandin E1 (6-keto-PGE1) was found to have a similar potency to
      prostacyclin (PGI2) as an inhibitor of platelet aggregation. It caused a time and
      concentration dependent inhibition of ADP, collagen and epinephrine induced
      platelet aggregation, the dose ratios for 70% inhibition by 6-keto-PGE1, PGI2 and
      PGE1 being approximately 1 : 1 : 13. In doses similar to those of PGI2, 6-keto
      PGE1 partially inhibited the release of [3H]-serotonin from platelet-rich plasma
      induced by collagen.

PMID- 393527
TI  - [Problems with spinal dysraphism as a disease related to spina bifida].

PMID- 393528
TI  - The identification and localization of fibronectin in cultured corneal
      endothelial cells: cell surface polarity and physiological implications.

PMID- 393529
TI  - Partial purification and characterization of keratokinase, the fibrinolytic
      activator of the cornea.

PMID- 393530
TI  - Proliferation kinetics of early hemopoietic precursor cells with self sustaining
      capacity in the mouse, studied with 125-I-labeled iodo-deoxyuridine.
AB  - With a new labeling technique in radiation chimeras, an attempt was made to
      determine the duration of the phases of the stem cell cycle including shortest
      and mean generation time and to estimate the number of hemopoietic stem cells per
      unit of bone marrow cellularity. The DNA of bone marrow cells in DNA synthesis
      was labeled with 5-125I-2'-deoxyuridine. The labeled cells were followed after
      being transfused into fatally irradiated mice. The stem cells were found to have
      a half-time of about 4.3 days in the donor mice. The average time in the
      population, i.e. the turnover time of the stem cells, was 6.2 days. The half-time
      did not change significantly even after transfusion of bone marrow into lethally
      irradiated recipient mice. Tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR) suicide technique
      revealed that bone marrow stem cells seeding to the spleens and to the femurs of
      lethally irradiated recipients behaved differently--S-phase in cells seeding to
      femurs being shorter. The radiosensitivity of stem cells in S-phase had a D0 of
      80 rad whereas stem cells distributed throughout the whole cell cycle had a D0 of
      185 rad. The respective extrapolation numbers were 1.23 and 1.14. It is
      calculated that 2--7% of all nucleated bone marrow cells belong to self renewing
      stem cell populations. The method described provides a new approach for the study
      of hematological stem cells.

PMID- 393531
TI  - Is human arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation regulated by prostacyclin?
AB  - Activated smooth muscle cells exhibit a statistically significant (p less than
      0.025) higher prostacyclin production than the contractiles. It is concluded,
      that the proliferation of the metabolically activated cells, which is an early
      event in atherogenesis, could be due to prostacyclin regulation.

PMID- 393532
TI  - [I. M. Sechenov, founder of Soviet physiology].

PMID- 393534
TI  - [Aleksandr Fedorovich Makarchenko].

PMID- 393533
TI  - [Catecholamines and chemical thermoregulation during acclimatization to cold].

PMID- 393535
TI  - [Construction of occlusal surfaces based on functional requirements of fixed
      prostheses].

PMID- 393536
TI  - [Epithelial barrier in implantation (preliminary note)].

PMID- 393537
TI  - [Implants and less traumatized natural teeth with false external roots for a
      subcrestal clasp].

PMID- 393538
TI  - [Erythromycin in dental practice. Clinical investigation].

PMID- 393540
TI  - [Mounting errors in total prostheses].

PMID- 393539
TI  - [Suture technic for periosteum in periodontal surgery].

PMID- 393541
TI  - [Root development and apical closure of immature nonvital teeth].

PMID- 393542
TI  - [Precision fusion of precious metals (quality and expansion of the investments)].

PMID- 393543
TI  - Restoration of endodontically treated teeth.

PMID- 393544
TI  - [On the 30th anniversary of the founding of the German Democratic Republic].

PMID- 393545
TI  - [Immunological diagnosis of lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 393546
TI  - [Present status of the melanoma problem].

PMID- 393547
TI  - [Quo vadis andrologia?].

PMID- 393548
TI  - [Peter Gustav Hesse, 70 years old on 16 July 1979].

PMID- 393550
TI  - [Flexible Fungicidin, medication for candidosis, prophylaxis after liver
      transplant].

PMID- 393549
TI  - [Fundamentals and prospects of syphilis serology].

PMID- 393551
TI  - [Portrait busts of important dermatologists].

PMID- 393552
TI  - [Prostaglandins in skin blisters of bullous erysipelas, dermatitis herpetiformis
      and herpes gestationis (author's transl)].
AB  - The PGE2 and PGF2 alpha content of bullae developing spontaneously on the skin
      was investigated by radioimmunoassay in 12 patients with different skin diseases.
      The PGF2 alpha level was also established in the plasma and urine. In herpes
      gestationis, dermatitis herpetiformis and bullous erysipelas the PGE2 and PGF2
      alpha content of the bullae considerably exceeded the plasma and urinary PG
      levels. The findings were thought to be in relation with the acute inflammation
      of the skin, the mechanism of bulla formation as well as with pruritus.

PMID- 393553
TI  - [Psoriasis vulgaris: immunologlobulin binding to human epidermis after limited
      proteolysis].
AB  - Immune complexes isolated from sera of psoriatic patients and healthy controls
      show an identical pattern in sodiumdodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. And so it seems to be unlikely that the increased provable serum
      immune complexes by psoriatics contain specific protein antigens.--Following to
      limited proteolysis of normal human epidermis, antibodies which solely are
      provable in sera of psoriatic patients could bind to proteolytic altered
      structures. For achieving a similar process in vivo, the following conditions are
      to be discussed: (1) an elevated concentration of certain autoantibodies in the
      sera of psoriatic patients and a temporary increased vessels permeability for
      antibodies, (2) the availability of structures in the epidermis of psoriatics
      with increased affintiy to certain antibodies. These structures may be produced
      by limited proteolysis or as a result of the disturbed differentiation of
      epidermal cells.

PMID- 393554
TI  - [Cutaneous foreign body granulomas caused by aluminium-hydroxid after
      desensitization with h Mischpollen-Depotallergen (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on a 16 years old female patient suffering from pollinosis and asthma.
      After desensitization with Mischpollen-Depotallergen foreign body granulomas
      developed in the injection areas. By fluorescence histochemical examination
      aluminiumhydroxid was found as cause. The increasing possibility of this side
      effect by more frequent employment of aluminium-hydroxid, for example in the
      production of vaccine, is directed on.

PMID- 393555
TI  - Partial denture design. Part 1. Diagnosis and treatment planning.

PMID- 393557
TI  - Development of cellular and humoral responses to teichoic acid.

PMID- 393556
TI  - Plants and immunity.

PMID- 393558
TI  - Kinetics of the primary immune response in rainbow trout after flush exposure to
      Yersinia ruckeri O-antigen.

PMID- 393559
TI  - The relationship of the estrogen receptor to the induction of vitellogenin in
      chicken and Xenopus liver.

PMID- 393560
TI  - Intracellular events in interferon-treated cells.

PMID- 393561
TI  - [Intestinal malabsorption after jejuno-ileal by-pass for obesity (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 393562
TI  - [Hormonal and metabolic investigations of glucose tolerance in viral hepatitis
      and in alcoholic liver cirrhosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 393563
TI  - [Digestibility, metabolism and biological effects of dietary fiber in man].

PMID- 393564
TI  - [Extra-hepatic manifestations of acute viral hepatitis].

PMID- 393566
TI  - Heritability of cranium bifidum and spina bifida in the golden hamster.

PMID- 393565
TI  - Studies on circulating soluble immune complexes of the liver disease. 1.
      Inhibition assay of polyclonal rheumatoid factor binding to IgG-sepharose.
AB  - Polyclonal rheumatoid factor (pRF) was isolated from sera seropositive for RF and
      it was radioiodinated with lactoperoxidase method. Using the 125I-pRF and IgG-p
      azobenzamidoethyl Sepharose 6B, a competitive inhibition radioassay for detecting
      immune complexes is described. The assay can be performed in 90 min utilizing 10
      microliter of serum with good reproducibility and endogenous RF in test serum did
      not interfere the reaction. The test can detect complexes nearly to 8s and as low
      as 0.1 microgram/ml of aggregated human IgG. Decomplementation by heating test
      sera is unnecessary. The assay was performed at 4 degrees C but less inhibition
      activity was obtained when it was carried out at 24 degrees C.

PMID- 393567
TI  - [Prediction of microbial self-purification of underground water].

PMID- 393568
TI  - [I.M. Sechenov and his influence on the growth of the health sciences (on the
      150th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 393569
TI  - [Lev Solomonovich Gurvich].

PMID- 393570
TI  - [Use of bromocryptin in the sterile female].

PMID- 393572
TI  - Zymogram studies of human intestinal brush border and cytoplasmic peptidases.
AB  - Zymogram studies of peptide hydrolases from the human intestinal brush border and
      cytoplasmic fractions produced multiple bands--that is, up to seven--while the
      brush border membrane produced only a single band of enzyme activity. With all of
      the substrates tested except L-leucyl-L-leucyl-L-leucine, a band having anodic
      mobility identical with that produced by the brush border enzymes was produced by
      the cytoplasmic enzymes. With L-trileucine as a substrate, no overlapping band
      was produced. This band in the cytoplasmic fraction was heat sensitive, while
      that in the brush border fraction was not. Thus it would appear that there is a
      single human intestinal brush border peptide hydrolase capable of hydrolysing a
      variety of di- and tri-peptides. This peptide hydrolases of the brush border and
      the cytoplasmic fraction of human intestine are distinct.

PMID- 393571
TI  - Effect of proximal gastric vagotomy and anticholinergics on the acid and gastrin
      responses to sham feeding in duodenal ulcer patients.
AB  - Plasma gastrin concentrations and gastric acid output after modified sham feeding
      were determined in 20 duodenal ulcer patients. Sham feeding produced an acid
      response corresponding to 40-68% of the maximal acid output after pentagastrin
      stimulation, with no significant increase of plasma gastrin concentrations. In
      eight patients proximal gastric vagotomy almost abolished the acid responses to
      both insulin hypoglycaemia and sham feeding. Sham feeding in the vagotomised
      patients did not change the gastrin concentrations in plasma. After pretreatment
      with benzilonium, an anticholinergic with minimal central nervous effects, plasma
      gastrin concentrations increased after sham feeding. The study confirms that sham
      feeding is a poor stimulus for gastrin release in duodenal ulcer patients and
      supports a cholinergic inhibition of gastrin release. Intravenous injection of
      benzilonium bromide in a dose close to 70 micrograms/kg, and atropine in the low
      dose of 30 micrograms/kg inhibited the acid response to sham feeding by about
      65%. Atropine in a dose of 50 micrograms/kg virtually abolished the acid sham
      feeding response, possibly owing to ganglionic or central nervous blockade. Vagal
      activation of the acid secretory glands does not seem to involve a purely
      cholinergic neurotransmission.

PMID- 393574
TI  - Salt, diuretics and pregnancy.
AB  - This article reviews the homeostasis of water and salt in normal and pre
      eclamptic pregnancy. During pre-eclampsia there is a decrease in circulating
      plasma volume, which the administration of diuretics reduces still further. There
      is no proof that diuretics have a beneficial effect on prevention or treatment of
      toxemia of pregnancy. They should thus be regarded as contraindicated, except in
      cases of cardiac insufficiency and certain renal diseases.

PMID- 393575
TI  - Gossypol--a new antifertility agent for males.
AB  - Gossypol is capable of inhibiting the fertility of male rats. On administration
      of gossypol the spermatids are damaged first. With the increase in dosage and
      duration of treatment the spermatocytes are also damaged. In the epidymis there
      are exfoliated spermatids and spermatocytes with numerous dead spermatozoa many
      of which had their heads and fails separated. The sperm count gradually decreases
      until azoospermia. Electron microscopic examinations reveal changes in the
      acrosomes and mitochondrial spiral sheath. Interstitial cells of the testis
      seemed to be unaffected. Over 4,000 healthy men have been on gossypol for more
      than 6 months. The antifertility efficacy evaluated by semen examination is
      99.89%. Side effects are mild and of low incidence. A few of the subjects are
      found to be hypokalemic. However, it remains to be elucidated if gossypol is
      related to the development of hypokalemia.

PMID- 393573
TI  - Corticosteroids in liver disease: possible mechanisms of action, pharmacology,
      and rational use.

PMID- 393577
TI  - [Nerve regeneration by means of the effect of an intermittent electromagnetic
      field. Experimental study on a rabbit].
AB  - An experiment on healing of transected nerves of rabbits was carried out. Under
      microsurgical techniques continuity of the nerve was reestablished by end-to-end
      coaptation without creating a defect, so only the elasticity of the nerve tissue
      had to be overcome, and by nerve grafting. In both cases treatment with
      intermittent high frequency magnetic field was applied continuously. Histologic
      studies revealed that the scar at the suture site matured more quickly than
      usually and that distal to the site of transection the normal calibre of
      regenerated axons was reached within a shorter time than previously.

PMID- 393576
TI  - [Synthetic resorbable and synthetic non-resorbable suture materials in
      microvascular surgery. Animal experimental study].
AB  - In a series of experiments on the aorta of the rat, the behaviour of an
      absorbable monofilament suture VICRYL (Polyglactin 910) was compared to that of a
      non-absorbable suture ETHILON (Polyamide 6/6). A total of 86 rats was operated
      upon and examined over a period of 70 days. The report includes a complete
      description of experimental procedures and techniques used during the operations.
      The evaluation of the experiments took place after completion of the mechanical,
      histological and scanning electron microscopical tests. It has been proven that
      under similar conditions, the 0,2 metric suture VICRYL has adequate tensile
      strength to withstand the intravascular pressure in a vessel with an outer
      diameter of approx. 1,5 mm. Aneurysm, stenosis and dehiscence of the anastomosis
      did not occur. The VICRYL suture showed no reactive processes after a period of
      42 days. With the suture ETHILON the inflammation of the media and the
      hyperplasia of the intima persisted even after 70 days, at the end of the
      experiment. It is therefore shown in microsurgery, the monofilament absorbable
      suture VICRYL and the non-absorbable monofilament suture ETHILON are equal in
      their mechanical qualities, but that the suture VICRYL has by far the better
      tissue compatibility.

PMID- 393579
TI  - [Surgical treatment of the ruptured ulnar collateral ligament of the
      metacarpophlangeal joint of the thumb].
AB  - The diagnosis of ruptured ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpo-phalangeal
      joint of the thumb is made from characteristic findings and special radiograms.
      Without treatment, impairment of hand function will result. Only in a few cases
      will conservative treatment be successful; the reasons are explained. 26 cases of
      total rupture of the collateral ligament and their surgical treatment are
      reported. 16 fresh ligamentous injuries were treated by suturing directly (n =
      2), by pull-out wire technique (n = 10), and by screw osteosynthesis (n = 4). The
      ligament was reconstructed with a free tendon graft in 8 cases of old ligamentous
      injuries, while the remaining 2 cases were repaired using a pull-out wire. After
      treatment, all metacarpo-phalangeal joints showed full stability and all patients
      without discomfort. Restriction of mobility results much more from secondary than
      from primary treatment. Therefore, we recommend primary surgical treatment of the
      ruptured ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpo-phalangeal joint of the
      thumb.

PMID- 393580
TI  - [Subcutaneous fat necrosis of newborn infants (light and electron microscopic
      studies)].

PMID- 393578
TI  - [Direct flexor tendon suture in the digital sheath].
AB  - From 1976 to 1976 in 44 fingers (41 patients) flexor tendons within the digital
      sheath (zone I and II) were repaired by direct suture. A modification of
      KESSLER's "grasping" suture was employed. In 21 fingers only the deep flexor and
      in 23 fingers both flexor tendons were divided; in these cases a repair of both
      tendons was carried out whenever possible. In cases of delayed repair, however,
      secondary changes of the gliding apparatus often prevented a repair of the
      superficialis tendon. Tenolysis was proposed in one half of the cases. It was
      done not earlier than 3 months after tendon suture. After division of both flexor
      tendons we obtained in cases with good preoperative conditions (21 fingers) 66%
      of good and excellent results, according to BOYES' classification, and 75%
      according to BUCK-GRAMCKO's classification.

PMID- 393582
TI  - [Heart sounds and murmurs after closing the interatrial septal defect of the
      ostium secundum type].

PMID- 393581
TI  - [Trends in the development of echocardiography].

PMID- 393583
TI  - [Antipyrine elimination in acute toxic hepatitis in rats].

PMID- 393584
TI  - [Variability of iron and copper blood serum concentrations and the values of
      hematologic indicators of the bone marrow and blood in children with acute
      leukemia].

PMID- 393586
TI  - [Personal observations of the course of myocardial infarct in elderly persons].

PMID- 393585
TI  - [Effect of the variability of various meteorological phenomena on the number of
      patients at an outpatient clinic].

PMID- 393587
TI  - [Effect of glucocorticoids (GCS) on the enzyme activity in viral hepatitis (VH).
      II. Isoenzymatic profile of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and glycyl
      aminopeptidase (GAP) of blood serum].

PMID- 393589
TI  - Fifty years of Folia Morphologica quarterly.

PMID- 393588
TI  - [Types of kidney pelves in fetuses in the 2d half of pregnancy and in children
      during the 1st decade of life].

PMID- 393590
TI  - Palaeopathological studies of bone remnants of early mediaeval domestic animals
      from Wielkopolska and Kujawy.

PMID- 393591
TI  - Honorary members of the Polish Anatomical and Zoological Society and of the
      Polish Anatomical Society.

PMID- 393592
TI  - Propagation of Toxoplasma gondii in suspension cultures of HeLa cells.
AB  - A novel method of Toxoplasma gondii cultivation in suspension cultures has been
      introduced using silicone-coated glass vessels (working volume 100 ml). The cells
      were kept in suspension by a magnetic impeller at 75 rpm at a temperature of 37
      degrees C. HeLa cells grown on MEM with calf serum were used as host substrate.
      The HeLa cells were infected with zoites of Toxoplasma gondii virulent P strain.
      After seven days the host cells were destroyed by the toxoplasmas and the number
      of zoites was up to 24 x 10(6)/ml.

PMID- 393593
TI  - An antigen from Eimeria tenella merozoites for the indirect fluorescence antibody
      test.
AB  - The suitability of the antigen prepared from second generation merozoites of
      Eimeria tenella for the IFAT was confirmed. In comparison with other two antigens
      used until now in routine work, i. e., that prepared from histological sections
      of infected organs or that from in vitro released sporozoites, the merozoite
      antigen has the advantage of easy preparation in large quantities.

PMID- 393594
TI  - Physiological characteristic and energy balance of Klebsiella aerogenes in a
      multistage tower fermentor.
AB  - Biomass growth, consumption of carbon and energy source, specific rates of
      formation of metabolic byproducts, biomass yield referred to the C-source and to
      oxygen, respiration rate and the value of RQ were studied in Klebsiella aerogenes
      CCM 2318 (on a synthetic glucose medium) at different specific growth rates.
      Maintenance coefficients and the total energy balance of the cultivation process
      were evaluated for a multistage tower fermentor with a defined interstage mixing.
      The results pointed to changes in both glucose metabolism and the physiological
      state of the population, brought about by changes in specific growth rate. As
      compared with a chemostat, the culture was found to exhibit a different
      physiological character is stages 1 and 4 despite a considerable interstage
      mixing.

PMID- 393595
TI  - The effect of ultrasound on genetic instability in diploids of Aspergillus
      nidulans.
AB  - Ultrasonication at 20 kHz and intensity of 59 W/cm2 of a diploid strain of
      Aspergillus nidulans was ound to lead to a significant increase in haploidization
      of germinating conidiospores. In a preliminary study ultrasound was found not to
      have an effect on the rate of reverse mutation in conidiospore suspensions of
      auxotrophic mutants.

PMID- 393596
TI  - Skin-window study on the migration of leukocytes of newborns and infants.
AB  - Migration of leukocytes of newborns and of infants up to the age of 6 months was
      studied using the in vivo skin-window technique according to Rebuck. Using the
      non-specific stimulation (abrasion of the skin only) a slight age-dependent
      physiological increase of migration of cells was observed within the observation
      period; after a strong local irritation with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine
      (Alditepera) there was a vigorous migratory response of cells in the skin lesion.
      Both quantitatively and qualitatively, the migration pattern (i.e. shift from PMN
      leukocyte to mononuclear cells in the exudate within a 1 d period after abrasion)
      was not influenced by immunization of infants with Alditepera, suggesting thus
      the nonspecific nature of this cellular response. The "normal" values of the
      chemotactic response of leukocytes of newborns and infants are given as a basis
      for evaluation of defects of this functional activity of leukocytes.

PMID- 393597
TI  - Effect of scarlet fever toxin on the phagocytic activity of the
      reticuloendothelial system.
AB  - In normal rabbits and mice, one i.v. injection of scarlet fever toxin (ET) (30
      000 STD per kg of rabbit weight or 20-g mouse) elicited a similar biphasic change
      in carbon clearance rate - early depression followed by a stimulating phase - as
      has been described for Gram-negative endotoxins. Prolonged depression without a
      subsequent stimulation phase was obtained in mice by raising the ET dose. The
      reasons of the discrepancy between these findings and those of Hanna and Watson
      (1965b) are discussed. Pyrogenic tolerance to ET is not accompanied by
      accelerated carbon clearance and is not impaired by RES blockade. A possible
      mechanism of ET tolerance is suggested.

PMID- 393598
TI  - Influence of antilymphocyte and antipolymorphonuclear sera on the pyrogenic
      effect of scarlet fever toxin.
AB  - The role played by lymphocytes in the pyretic response to scarlet fever toxin
      (ET) was studied in vivo using antilymphocyte serum (ALS). Two i.v. injections of
      ALS inhibited the pyretic response to a subsequent ET injection in rabbits. The
      course of endotoxin fever remained uninfluenced by ALS. Antipolymorphonuclear
      serum had no effect on the pyretic response to either of the toxins. Pretreatment
      with ALS also inhibited the skin reaction after i.d. injection of ET. These
      findings are further evidence a mediating role of lymphocytes in the biological
      effects of ET, among other things in the release of endogenous pyrogen.

PMID- 393599
TI  - New discoveries of fossil primates from the type Torrejonian (Middle Paleocene of
      New Mexico).
AB  - For the first time in almost 30 years, new Middle Paleocene primate specimens
      have been discovered in the San Juan Basin, New Mexico. They are from the
      'Pantolambda zone' in the type area, Arroyo Torrejon, and are referable to
      Palaechthon woodi and Torrejonia wilsoni. The only other known association of
      these two species is in the Shotgun Local Fauna from Wyoming.

PMID- 393600
TI  - [Application of laser beam to gastroenterology (author's transl)].

PMID- 393601
TI  - [Thirty years of Radiology Department in Hokkaido University Hospital (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Thirty year's history of the Radiology Department of the Medical School of
      Hokkaido University, the first department of its kind in Hokkaido, is shortly
      reviewed. Statistics include the number of staff, equipment and patients
      diagnosed or/and treated in the department. Sections have been formed in the
      department since several years ago and are functioning to a certain extent
      independently in order to keep pace with the development of modern medicine and
      to meet the needs of our hospital. These sections are mainly radiation therapy,
      nuclear medicine, neuroradiology, X-ray diagnosis in angiology and for the
      digestive tract. Diagnosis based upon ultrasonography and CT are also becoming
      recognized sections in the department recently. Further more data processing and
      statistics seem to grow to become a section in the near future. In conclusion the
      number of staff, equipment and patients has been and perhaps will be growing
      increasingly fast. The increasing number of sections which resulted from the
      establishment of new specialities makes us to anticipate the new and independent
      departments in addition to the existing one.

PMID- 393603
TI  - [Preparation of N,N-bis(methylsulphonylethoxycarbonyl)insulins (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The preparation of N,N-bis(methylsulfonylethoxycarbonyl)insulins is described. In
      an aequeous buffer at pH 5.8 selectivity of the reaction of insulin with 20
      equivalents of N-(methysulfonylethoxycarbonyloxy)succinimide (Msc-ONSu) leads
      very specifically to N alpha A 1,-N alpha B 1-(Msc)2 - insulin. The product can
      be isolated in a yield of 60%. Using N alpha A 1-citraconylinsulin the N alpha B
      1, NEB29-(Msc)2 -insulin can be prepared in a yield of 40% based on insulin.

PMID- 393602
TI  - Kinetic properties and regulation by L-ornithine of chicken liver arginase
      induced by insulin.
AB  - After injection of insulin into chickens, a new form of arginase with a 16-fold
      increase of activity appears in the liver. The new form has a different
      chromatographic behaviour on DEAE-cellulose. The low activity enzyme has a very
      high Km value (60mM), and is poorly inhibited by L-ornithine. The induced form of
      arginase is strongly inhibited by L-ornithine and has an allosteric behaviour
      which can be described by a Monod-Wyman-Changeux model. 1,4-Diaminobutane,
      spermine have practically no effect on either form of arginase.

PMID- 393605
TI  - Isolation of acidic acrosin isoinhibitors (BUSI I A, BUSI IB1 and BUSI I B2) from
      bull seminal plasma.
AB  - Three natural proteinase isoinhibitors with low isoelectric points BUSI I A (pI =
      3.9), BUSI I B1 (pI = 3.4 and BUSI I B2 (pI = 3.7) were isolated from bull
      seminal plasma by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50 and ion exchange chromatography
      on DEAE-Sephadex and SE-Sephadex. Isoinhibitors Bl and B2 have identical amino
      acid composition. Isoinhibitor A contains six amino acid residues less than
      isoinhibitors B1 and B2. Since sugars have been detected in the isoinhibitors,
      heterogeneity may also be due to the sugar component. The isoinhibitors show the
      same inhibitory properties; all of them inhibit acrosin, trypsin and
      chymotrypsin. Glandular kallikrein is also inhibited, but to a very low extent
      only. The molecular weight (Mr approximately 8 900) was determined by gel
      filtration.

PMID- 393604
TI  - Isolation of basic acrosin inhibitor from bull seminal plasma (BUSI II).
AB  - An acrosin inhibitor was isolated from bull seminal plasma by gel filtration on
      Sephadex G-50 fine and ion-exchange chromatography on CM-Sephadex. The inhibitor
      is a basic polypeptide (pl greater than or equal to 10.5) of molecular weight 6
      200 (calculated from amino acid composition). Its N-terminal amino group is
      blocked. The inhibitor is not strictly specific in its effect since it also
      inhibits trypsin and to a lesser degree chymotrypsin, in addition to bull and
      boar acrosin.

PMID- 393606
TI  - Synthesis of the C-terminal decapeptide of bovine insulin B-chain.
AB  - The liquid-phase synthesis of a decapeptide corresponding to the last 10 amino
      acid residues of bovine insulin B-chain is described. Modified monofunctional
      polyethylene glycol containing benzyl bromide functional group was used as the
      soluble polymeric support. Cleavage of the fully-protected peptide from the
      polymer was achieved with 1N NaOH in dioxane. The protected peptide was purified
      by chromatography on Sephadex LH-20. The protecting groups of a sample were
      removed with anhydrous HF, and the unprotected crude decapeptide was purified by
      ion-exchange chromatography on carboxymethyl-cellulose. Both peptides were tested
      for the racemization of individual amino acids by the gas chromatographic method.
      The results showed that no residue had been significantly racemized.

PMID- 393608
TI  - N-Terminal amino acid sequence of human urinary kallikrein homology with other
      serine proteases.

PMID- 393607
TI  - [Rule of antibody structure. Primary structure of a human monoclonal IgA
      immunoglobulin (myeloma protein Tro). VII. Purification and characterization of
      the disulfide bridges].
AB  - Myeloma Protein Tro has been isolated from the plasma of a myeloma patient.
      Monomeric IgA was separated from its polymer (by chromatography on Sephadex G
      200). Both the forms were split with pepsin or cyanogen bromide and, if
      necessary, with thermolysin and subtilisin. The cystin-containing peptides were
      isolated from the hydrolysates by chromatography on Sephadex, ion-exchange
      columns, preparative paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography,
      electrophoresis or by a combination of these methods. They were characterized by
      amino acid analyses and by determination of the N-terminal amino acids using the
      Dansyl-Edman procedure. Thus all the disulfide bridges of an IgA1 immunoglobulin
      could be established. The monomer has all together 48 cysteins, seven in each L-
      and seventeen in each H-chain; all these are covalently bonded by SS-bridges.
      Free SH-groups were not detected. The J-chain could only be identified
      serologically in the polymeric form of the protein. It is shown that the subunits
      of the polymers are covalently attached through either Cysl3, Cysl7 or both these
      residues of the H-chain.

PMID- 393610
TI  - In memoriam: Edward A. Gall, M.D. June 10, 1906--January 31, 1979.

PMID- 393609
TI  - Acid phosphatase: new developments.
AB  - Acid phosphatase was the first "tumor marker" to be measured in the blood, and
      over 40 years have passed since an elevation of the serum acid phosphatase level
      was observed in patients with prostatic carcinoma. However, significant
      elevations in the level of this enzyme have been observed in other diseases, as
      well as elevations of other tissue phosphatases. Many improvements in the
      colorimetric technique have been introduced, but none has been used successfully
      to detect the tissue origin of this ubiquitous enzyme. The finding that prostatic
      acid phosphatase is antigenically distinct from acid phosphatase of other tissues
      opened a new horizon in the measurement of acid phosphatase in prostatic cancer.
      On the basis of this immunochemical specificity, several immunoassays have been
      employed for determining the prostatic acid phosphatase level.

PMID- 393611
TI  - Cutaneous immunopathology. The diagnostic use of direct and indirect
      immunofluorescence techniques in dermatologic disease.

PMID- 393612
TI  - Chronic hereditary nephritis. A clinicopathologic study of 23 new kindreds and
      review of the literature.
AB  - Thirty-three patients with chronic hereditary nephritis, obtained from 23
      unrelated families, were evaluated with respect to clinicopathologic features.
      Renal tissue was examined by light microscopy in 25 cases, immunofluorescence in
      19 cases, and electron microscopy in 16 cases. The light microscopic findings
      varied, and foam cells were present in only four cases. Immunofluorescence was
      negative in all but four cases, and in these the immunomicroscopic pattern was
      compatible with the findings of end stage glomeruli and hyaline arteriolar
      sclerosis. Although electron microscopy uniformly showed marked thinning or
      splitting of the glomerular basement membrane, parallel splitting of the
      glomerular basement membrane with interposition of electron dense granular
      particles was seen in only eight cases. Association of glomerular basement
      membrane splitting with granular particles was observed in four of six patients
      with IgA nephropathy, in two patients with benign familial hematuria, and in a
      normal kidney donor. Eleven patients, seven men and four women, had chronic renal
      failure requiring dialysis. Of five patients who received renal allografts, three
      are alive, with post-transplant survival ranging from 24 to 70 months. The other
      two died of septicemia.

PMID- 393613
TI  - Pathways of urinary backflow in obstructive uropathy. Demonstration by pigmented
      gelatin injection and Tamm-Horsfall uromucoprotein markers.
AB  - The exact pathways of urinary reflux into the renal veins were studied in four
      cases of clinical obstructive uropathy and in 50 normal human cadaver kidneys. In
      the four clinical cases Tamm-Horsfall uromucoprotein was used as a marker for
      location of urine. Routine light microscopy and indirect immunofluorescence for
      Tamm-Horsfall uromucoprotein using rabbit antiserum showed tubular backflow up to
      the glomerulus. Dilated tubules filled with Tamm-Horsfall uromucoprotein ruptured
      into thin walled veins, forming tubulovenous anastomoses with extrusion of their
      contents into veins. The uromucoprotein was present in interlobar and arcuate
      veins with superimposed thrombosis and thrombophlebitis. Injection studies using
      pigmented gelatin in 45 normal cadaver kidneys and pigmented vinylite with
      corrosion casts in five additional kidneys complemented the clinical studies. Two
      types of urovascular communication were produced: the less frequent direct
      pyelovenous communication between a rupturing fornix and an adjacent small vein,
      and the more common indirect pyelovenous communication in which a ruptured fornix
      produced a sinus extravasate, which extended along the perivenous spaces of
      interlobar and arcuate veins. This extravasate gained access into the veins at
      points of rupture where venous tributaries joined the major veins in the renal
      medulla. The clinical implications of these tubulovenous and pyelovenous pathways
      of urinary reflux include backflow of whole urine and continued nephronic
      function in obstructive uropathy, "reverse backflow" of blood and hematuria, and
      a direct access for infectious agents into the circulation. These channels
      provide anatomic correlates for radiologic findings of extravasates and some
      backflow patterns of contrast material in pyelograms of clinical obstructive
      uropathy. The possible immunologic consequences of refluxing Tamm-Horsfall
      uromucoprotein gaining access to tissues and circulation are speculative.

PMID- 393616
TI  - Physiological measures of aircrew mental workload.

PMID- 393615
TI  - A highly sensitive peroxidase-antiperoxidase method for detection of H-Y antigen
      on cultivated human fibroblasts.
AB  - A peroxidase-anti-perioxidase method for the detection of H-Y antigen at the
      single cell level is described. The efficiency of the test was examined in
      cultivated fibroblasts derived from control subjects and from XX males and a true
      hermaphrodite. For comparison, H-Y antigen was determined in blood cells of the
      same probands using the cytotoxic test. The finding of H-Y positive fibroblasts
      in the intersex patients has implications for the origin of these disorders.

PMID- 393617
TI  - Sex differences in human thermoregulatory response to heat and cold stress.

PMID- 393619
TI  - The cultivation of the exoerythrocytic stages of Plasmodium berghei from
      sporozoites.

PMID- 393614
TI  - Genetics of retinoblastoma.
AB  - The genetic basis of retinoblastoma is reviewed and the following conclusions are
      drawn: 1) The mode of inheritance of the hereditary variety of retinoblastoma (R)
      is autosomal dominant with about 90% penetrance. 2) About 68% of inherited cases
      are bilateral, and about 32%, unilateral. There is an intrafamilial correlation
      between penetrance as measured by segregation ratio and expressivity as measured
      by the fraction of bilaterally affected patients. 3) The vast majority of all R
      patients are sporadic cases, i.e., they are the only affected members of
      otherwise unaffected families. The porportion of bilateral cases is much lower
      among sporadic than among hereditary cases. 4) All bilaterally affected patients
      with sporadic R and patients with unilateral sporadic R with more than one
      primary tumor have to be regarded as germ cell mutants; they will transmit the
      gene to 50% of their offspring. Only 10%-12% of unilateral sporadic cases are
      germ cell mutants; 88%-90% are nonhereditary; in these cases the tumor is
      probably caused by a somatic mutation. 5) In a minority of cases, deletion of the
      chromosome segment 13q14(=intersitital deletion of the long arm of chromosome 13)
      has been observed. In addition to R, the patients show a variable degree of
      general or mental retardation; often there are few external indications of a
      chromosome aberration. Other chromosome studies suggest anomalies of chromosome
      13 in tumor tissue even in cases not showing an anomaly of this chromosome in
      blood cultures, and possibly a slightly increased chromosome instability. 6)
      Patients with bilateral, and possibly in general with hereditary, R run an
      increased risk of becoming affected with other tumor diseases, such as osseous
      sarcomas, in later life. 7) Knudson's hypothesis of two mutational steps leading
      to both the hereditary and the nonhereditary variants of R is discussed
      critically, and the alternative possibility is suggested that in the
      nonhereditary variant a single mutational step--possibly a small chromosome
      aberration--could be enough to produce a tumor. 8) Evidence indicating a possible
      viral origin of R is cited, and animal experiments are mentioned in which R-like
      tumors have successfully been produced by local DNA virus inoculation. 9) As a
      consequence of improved survival and reproduction of R patients, an increased in
      the incidence of R and in the proportion of bilateral cases among all R patients
      must be anticipated. 10) Detailed rules for genetic counseling in families
      affected by R are given.

PMID- 393620
TI  - Our experience in the management of neonatal jaundice: review of 200 cases.

PMID- 393621
TI  - [Structure, origin and role of the matrix vesicles in bone and cartilage].

PMID- 393622
TI  - [Different techniques for vestibular extensions in periodontal surgery].

PMID- 393618
TI  - Endocrine pancreatic cells of postnatal "diabetes" (db) mice in cell culture.
AB  - Ultrastructural characteristics as well as secretory and biosynthetic behavior of
      monolayer pancreatic cell cultures established from 4-day-old C57BL/KsJ misty
      diabetic (m db/m db) mice have been studied in comparison to normal littermate
      controls. Hypersecretion of glucagon by alpha-cells from BL/Ks misty diabetic
      mice after 2 days in vitro was found to precede any hyperfunction of the insulin
      secreting beta-cells. The increased level of glucagon-release in BL/Ks cell
      cultures from diabetic mice was accompanied by a greatly enhanced level of
      incorporation of [3H]tryptophan into glucagon-like molecules whose specific
      radioactivity was up to 15-fold higher than that observed in cultures from
      genetic controls. The finding of an alpha-cell dysfunction in cultures
      established from preweaning diabetic BL/Ks mice suggests that glucagon could play
      an early role in shaping the events that culminate in the expression of frank
      diabetes in this inbred strain.

PMID- 393623
TI  - [What to do with a complete maxillary prosthesis with insufficient retention].

PMID- 393624
TI  - [Levels of secretory IgA].

PMID- 393625
TI  - Effect of chlorpromazine on the secretory activity of Escherichia coli heat
      stable enterotoxin.
AB  - The effect of chlorpromazine on the net intestinal accumulation of fluid induced
      by Escherichia coli heat-stable (ST) enterotoxin in an infant mouse model was
      examined. Chlorpromazine, when administered with ST enterotoxin, caused a highly
      significant decrease in net intestinal fluid accumulation. The inhibition of ST
      activity was dose dependent with various concentrations of chlorpromazine (P less
      than 0.001). A significant inhibition of toxic activity was also observed when
      chlorpromazine was administered before (P less than 0.02) or after (P less than
      0.05) ST enterotoxin challenge. No significant differences in fluid accumulation
      were observed between control mice treated with buffer alone and those treated
      with only chlorpromazine. These data indicate that chlorpromazine markedly
      decreases the net intestinal fluid accumulation induced by E. coli ST
      enterotoxin. Further studies on the potential use of chlorpromazine in both the
      prophylaxis and the treatment of diarrheal diseases appear warranted.

PMID- 393626
TI  - Neutrophil chemotaxis in patients with Staphylococcus aureus furunculosis.
AB  - Neutrophil chemotaxis was evaluated in patients with staphylococcal furunculosis
      using a modified Boyden chamber assay. Neutrophil chemotactic response to
      Staphylococcus aureus-derived chemotactic factor was compared with response to
      Escherichia coli-derived chemotactic factor and zymosan-activated serum. Twenty
      one patients with active furunculosis were compared with 29 patients with a
      history of furunculosis but no recent infection and with 29 healthy control
      subjects. Chemotactic response to the staphylococcal chemotactic factor was
      significantly higher in patients with active furunculosis (mean 61.6) than in
      patients with a history of furunculosis (mean 36.4) or controls (mean 31.4), P
      less than 0.001. Neutrophils from patients with active staphylococcal infections
      also had higher chemotactic activity toward E. coli chemotactic factor, but not
      significantly so (P = 0.09). Chemotactic response to zymosan-activated serum and
      background neutrophil motility was comparable among the three groups. The
      increased neutrophil chemotactic response of patients with active infection to
      bacterial factors, but not zymosan-activated serum, may represent a specific
      neutrophil response to products of infecting organisms. The differential response
      of the patients' neutrophils to these attractants supports evidence for the
      presence of separate categories of chemotaxin receptor on the surface of
      neutrophils.

PMID- 393627
TI  - Physiological and metabolic alterations accompanying systemic candidiasis in
      mice.
AB  - Mice challenged intravenously with 10(6) viable Candida albicans died between 1
      and 16 days after infection. Near the time of death, over 98% of the recoverable
      fungi came from the kidneys. Physiologically, animals were in renal failure near
      the time of death as evidenced by elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood
      creatinine levels and a creatinine clearance rate which was about one-half
      normal. No abnormalities in liver glucogen and blood glucose levels were
      detectable. When mice were challenged with 4.5 X 10(6) viable C. albicans, they
      all died within 12 h. Near the time of death they had normal BUN values and were
      hyperglycemic. In mice receiving 4.5 X 10(6) heat-killed C. albicans, no deaths
      occurred and liver glycogen, blood glucose, and BUN levels all remained within a
      normal range and were different from responses to bacterial endotoxin.
      Cumulatively, the results demonstrate two distinct syndromes for the pathogenesis
      of experimental C. albicans infections. At the lower dose, mice were in renal
      failure associated with progressive renal infection. At the higher dose, renal
      failure was not observed. If a toxin was associated with death from the latter
      dose, it was not similar to bacterial endotoxin.

PMID- 393628
TI  - Characterization of colonization of the rabbit gastrointestinal tract by
      Escherichia coli RDEC-1.
AB  - We have reported previously the isolation of an Escherichia coli strain (RDEC-1)
      that in rabbits is able to colonize the gut, adhere to mucosal epithelial cells
      of the ileum, cecum, and colon, and cause diarrhea by a novel mechanism. The
      purpose of the present study was to characterize more fully the colonization of
      the rabbit gut by strain RDEC-1. Colonization reached a maximum 3 to 4 days post
      inoculation with strain RDEC-1 and did not decrease until 15 days post
      inoculation. Diarrhea occurred 3 to 4 days after colonization reached its maximum
      intensity. Semiquantitative rectal swab cultures were found to be correlated with
      counts of colony-forming units of strain RDEC-1 per gram of ileum, cecum, and
      colon and their contents and were used to chart the course of colonization of the
      rabbit gut. The actual number of colony-forming units per gram was dependent on
      the stage of colonization and ranged from 4.0 X 10(3) to 2.4 X 20(6) in the ileum
      to 3.1 X 10(5) to 3.6 X 10(7) in the cecum. The number of colony-forming units
      per gram was not affected by the presence of diarrhea. E. coli RDEC-1 colonizes
      the ileum, cecum, and colon of rabbits heavily for a relatively long period of
      time.

PMID- 393629
TI  - Comparison of peritoneal macrophages from germfree and conventional mice.
AB  - Morphology, lysosomal enzyme activities, and phagocytosis via immunological
      receptors were tested in peritoneal macrophages from germfree and conventional
      mice. Nonstimulated macrophages from germfree mice showed less spreading and were
      more easily detached when seeded on glass than conventional macrophages. The
      activities of the lysosomal acid phosphatase and cathepsin D were similar in the
      two cell groups, whereas beta-glucuronidase showed higher activity in macrophages
      from germfree mice. F(c) receptor-mediated phagocytosis of opsonized sheep
      erythrocytes was equally effective in germfree and conventional macrophages, and
      both cell types attached but did not internalize erythrocytes via the C(3)b
      receptor. Intraperitoneal injections of mineral oil caused a significantly higher
      influx of macrophages in conventional mice than in germfree mice, whereas the
      influx of polymorphonuclear cells was enhanced in both animals. Stimulation in
      vivo with oil or Escherichia coli endotoxin increased cell size, spreading
      ability, membrane ruffling, and lysosomal enzyme activities in macrophages from
      both conventional and germfree mice. The Fc-mediated phagocytosis was not
      influenced by stimulation, whereas the capacity to internalize via C(3)b receptor
      was triggered in macrophages from conventional mice, but not in corresponding
      cells from germfree mice. Similar results were obtained after stimulation with
      endotoxin in vitro. Culture in fetal calf serum for 72 h caused intracellular
      rises in all three enzyme activities tested in macrophages from conventional
      mice, whereas only the activity of acid phosphatase was increased in macrophages
      from germfree mice. Stimulation with zymosan in vitro caused selective release of
      lysosomal enzyme activity in macrophages from both animal groups. We conclude
      that peritoneal macrophages from germfree mice share several properties with
      cells from conventional mice, however, unstimulated beta-glucuronidase activity
      was increased, whereas spreading on glass, chemotactic response, in vitro
      induction of lysosomal enzymes, and the capacity to internalize via the C(3)b
      receptor after stimulation were reduced or absent.

PMID- 393630
TI  - Localization of the third component of complement on the cell wall of
      encapsulated Staphylococcus aureus M: implications for the mechanism of
      resistance to phagocytosis.
AB  - Encapsulated Staphylococcus aureus strains are more virulent than unencapsulated
      staphylococci, and this phenomenon has been associated with decreased
      opsonization of encapsulated bacteria by normal human serum. Peptidoglycan, a
      major cell wall component of S. aureus, has been shown to promote opsonization of
      this bacterial species by certain components of the serum complement system.
      However, when the processes of complement activation and opsonization of
      encapsulated staphylococci have been studied, it has been found that encapsulated
      bacteria activate complement efficiently and C3 is bacteria associated, yet these
      organisms are not efficiently phagocytized by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
      In this study, the hypothesis was tested that opsonically active molecules are
      not on the true external surface of encapsulated organisms but rather are cell
      wall associated and thus "hidden" from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. By
      using immunoelectronmicroscopy, C3 was found to be localized on the cell wall of
      an encapsulated S. aureus strain after incubation of the organism in normal human
      serum. When shrinkage of the capsule was prevented by treatment with anticapsular
      antibody, the C3 was again shown to be cell wall associated and located beneath
      the bacterial capsule. These results suggest that encapsulated S. aureus may
      resist phagocytosis because opsonically active C3 molecules are not exposed at
      the true external surface of the bacterium.

PMID- 393631
TI  - Bactericidal effect of oleic acid on group A streptococci: mechanism of action.
AB  - In contrast to Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci, group
      A streptococci are infrequently present on normal human skin, except in certain
      populations with endemic impetigo. This has been attributed to differences in
      susceptibility to the bactericidal effect of skin surface lipids, particularly
      unsaturated fatty acids. When an M type 6 strain group A streptococcus was
      exposed to 500 mug of oleic acid per ml, viable counts decreased by 4 logs in 5
      min. The rank order of killing was 35 > 20 > 4 degrees C. Oleic acid did not kill
      a strain of S. aureus, a strain of coagulase-negative staphylococcus, or a strain
      of Escherichia coli, but bound rapidly to these bacteria as well as to the group
      A streptococcus. The loss of [(3)H]uridine from labeled oleic acid-treated group
      A streptococcal cells was greater than 100 times that of controls. There was no
      loss of [(3)H]-thymidine from group A streptococci or of [(3)H]uridine or
      [(3)H]thymidine from identically exposed coagulase-negative staphylococci. When
      [(3)H]uridine was added to group A streptococci during mid-log-phase growth,
      cessation of uptake occurred within 5 min of addition of 50 mug of oleic acid per
      ml. Electron microscopic changes seen within 5 min included condensation of the
      nucleoid and distortion of the streptococcal surface by numerous clumps and
      blebs. Coagulase-negative staphylococci, S. aureus, and E. coli similarly exposed
      showed no comparable electron microscopic changes. We propose that oleic acid
      kills group A streptococci by altering the integrity of the cell membrane with
      resulting loss of ribonucleic acid but not deoxyribonucleic acid.

PMID- 393632
TI  - Antibody-induced capping of the intracellular stage of Trypanosoma cruzi.
AB  - Intracellular-stage Trypanosoma cruzi were isolated from infected mice. The
      effect of specific human antibodies on the membrane surface antigens was studied
      in vitro, using the immunofluorescent technique. The immune serum induced the
      aggregation of surface antigens, forming polar caps on the amastigotes.

PMID- 393633
TI  - Quantitation of the third component of human complement attached to the surface
      of opsonized bacteria: opsonin-deficient sera and phagocytosis-resistant strains.
AB  - The role of the third component of human complement (C3) in the opsonization of
      bacteria in nonimmune human sera was evaluated. The amount of C3 that becomes
      attached to the surface of bacteria upon incubation in serum was measured in a
      quantitative fluorescent immunoassay using fluorescein-conjugated monospecific
      antiserum to human C3. The intensity of the fluorescence from opsonized bacteria
      was found to be directly proportional to the absolute amount of C3 fixed, and
      this enabled the detection of as few as 300 molecules of bound C3 per bacterium.
      In normal serum the rate of C3 fixation was closely correlated with an increase
      in opsonization of the bacteria for human PMNs. Both C3 fixation and opsonization
      were maximal after 15 min of incubation. C3 fixation was also observed, albeit at
      a significantly slower rate, in human serum with a nonfunctional classical
      pathway but an intact alternative complement pathway and in serum deficient in
      immunoglobulins. Again, the kinetics of C3 fixation correlated with bacterial
      opsonization. Using a total of 21 strains of several bacterial species, including
      Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, encapsulation of bacteria was found
      to interfere with the process of C3 fixation in normal human serum, rendering
      these organisms resistant to subsequent phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes.

PMID- 393634
TI  - Attachment of Escherichia coli to urinary sediment epithelial cells from urinary
      tract infection-prone and healthy children.
AB  - Escherichia coli isolated from patients with recurrent urinary tract infections
      were tested for ability to attach to human urinary sediment epithelial cells in
      vitro. Higher mean capacity to bind bacteria was found for epithelial cells of
      the patient from whom the E. coli strain had been isolated than for epithelial
      cells from subjects without a history of urinary tract infection. The two
      populations were age matched. No relation was found between the age of the cell
      donor (0 to 15 years) and the capacity for E. coli attachement.

PMID- 393635
TI  - Evaluation of the immune response directed against the Salmonella antigenic
      factors O4,5 and O9.
AB  - A pair of O4,5,12 and O9,12 his(+) sister transductants derived from a virulent
      Salmonella typhimurium parent were used as intraperitoneal and oral challenge
      strains to determine whether immunity directed against the O9 and O4,5 antigenic
      components could be detected after immunization with heat-killed vaccines
      containing one or the other of these antigenic components. Challenge with a
      mixture (ca. 1:1) of the two strains and culturing of livers and spleens at
      intervals indicated that the O4,5,12 strain multiplied to a greater extent than
      the O9,12 strain after both oral and intraperitoneal challenge of CF1 and
      C57BL/6J control mice. Immunization with O4,5,12 or O9,12 vaccine resulted in
      diminished bacterial counts from the livers and spleens for the homologous strain
      but had little effect on the heterologous strain. The diminution of the
      homologous strain was more evident after intraperitoneal challenge but was
      clearly demonstrable after oral challenge, particularly in the C57BL/6J mice. Of
      several live vaccines tested, an FOR S. typhimurium (O4,5,12) strain
      phenotypically smooth but avirulent seemed the most promising, suppressing the
      multiplication of both members of the challenge pair. After oral challenge
      suppression of the O4,5,12 strain was greater. These results indicate that the
      specific immune response directed against either the O4,5 (O-acetyl abequose) or
      the O9 (tyvelose) antigen is a measurable component of the overall response after
      both intraperitoneal and oral challenge.

PMID- 393637
TI  - Binding of anti-tumor immunoglobulins and their daunomycin conjugates to the
      tumor and its metastase. In vitro and in vivo studies with Lewis lung carcinoma.
AB  - The present study was undertaken in order to evaluate the possibility of using
      anti-tumor antibodies as specific carriers of chemotherapeutic drugs to tumor
      metastases. Xenogeneic and syngeneic antisera were prepared against a
      metastasizing C57BL tumor, the Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). The binding of
      absorbed xenogeneic and syngeneic anti-3LL sera or their Ig fractions to 3LL
      tumor cells was assayed by direct and indirect methods. Antisera prepared against
      tumor cells from a local growth reacted to a similar extent with those obtained
      from the lung metastases. Radioiodinated immunoglobulins from syngeneic antisera
      injected into mice bearing metastases localized preferentially in metastasis
      bearing lungs as compared to several other organs tested. No such preferential
      uptake was observed either in mice bearing metastases injected with iodinated
      normal Ig or in normal mice injected with iodinated anti-3LL Ig. This relative
      accumulation in the metastasis-bearing lungs was observed 3-4 days after the
      inoculation, when the whole Ig fraction was used, whereas a specific antibody
      enriched preparation localized as early as 24 h after injection. Daunomycin--anti
      3LL-Ig conjugates were effective inhibitors of tumor cells from both local and
      the metastatic growths. They were more active than either the free drug or drug
      conjugates of normal Ig, in in vitro assays.

PMID- 393636
TI  - Taxonomic relationship of vole agent to Rochalimaea quintana.
AB  - We investigated the recent claim that the vole agent, a rickettsia-like
      microorganism isolated from wild voles by Baker in 1946, is actually a strain of
      Rochalimaea quintana, the etiological agent of trench fever. The two organisms
      were compared on the basis of percent guanine-plus-cytosine content, genome size,
      deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization, polypeptide
      composition, and serological relationships. Although the two organisms do have
      identical or nearly identical deoxyribonucleic acid base ratios and show some
      serological cross-reactions, they differ substantially by all of the other
      criteria employed. They are clearly different, although possibly related,
      organisms. It remains to be determined whether they can be regarded as two
      species of the same genus. On the other hand, an Old World strain and a New World
      strain of R. quintana were indistinguishable from one another by the same
      criteria.

PMID- 393638
TI  - Malignant behaviour of three adenovirus-2-transformed brain cell lines and their
      methyl cellulose-selected sub-clones.
AB  - Three adenovirus-2-transformed rat embryo brain cell lines and their
      methylcellulose-selected sub-clones were examined for fibronectin expression,
      anchorage-independent growth, saturation density, T antigen expression and
      morphology. Tumorigenicity studies were carried out on newborn and ATS
      immunosuppressed syngeneic rats and congenitally athymic nude mice. With one
      exception the methylcellulose sub-clones contained significantly fewer
      fibronectin-positive cells than the parent lines; a number of sub-clones
      contained no fibronectin-positive cells. Methylcellulose selection did not always
      alter cell morphology, saturation density or anchorage-independent growth as
      compared with parent lines. However, the methylcellulose sub-clones were
      considerably more malignant than the parent cell lines as measured by invasion
      and metastasis in nude mice. No in vitro characteristic correlated with malignant
      behaviour.

PMID- 393640
TI  - Reminiscences of San Francisco dermatologists: an irreverent but affectionate
      account.

PMID- 393639
TI  - [Chronic osteomyelitis: open excision and grafting after saucerization (author's
      transl)].
AB  - From January 1960 to January 1974, 180 cases of chronic osteomyelitis were
      treated by the same surgeon in the infection unit of Notre-Dame Hospital in
      Montreal. Of these cases, 71.4% were treated by saucerization, followed by
      secondary closure or by skin grafting. In ten cases (5.4%) the limb was
      amputated. However, in 39 cases two similar techniques of open excision and
      grafting were used. The infection was mostly traumatic in origin and a
      staphylococcus was cultured in 75% of cases. The organism was sensitive to
      cloxacillin and dicloxacillin in the majority of cases. Since 50% of these 39
      cases were referred for amputation, the results were much betts. Two late
      recurrences were recently seen and treated, one 17 years and one 4 years after
      the initial treatment.

PMID- 393641
TI  - Porphyria cutanea tarda.

PMID- 393642
TI  - Nosology of Brazilian pemphigus foliaceus.

PMID- 393643
TI  - Antibiotic treatment of the venereal diseases--update 1979.

PMID- 393644
TI  - Dietary prevention of coronary heart disease: the Finnish Mental Hospital Study.
AB  - A controlled intervention trial, with the purpose of testing the hypothesis that
      the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) could be decreased by the use of
      serum-cholesterol-lowering (SCL) diet, was carried out in 2 mental hospitals near
      Helsinki in 1959--71. The subjects were hospitalized middle-aged men. One of the
      hospitals received the SCL diet, i.e. a diet low in saturated fats and
      cholesterol and relatively high in polyunsaturated fats, while the other served
      as the control with a normal hospital diet. Six years later the diets were
      reversed, and the trial was continued another 6 years. The use of the SCL diet
      was associated with markedly lowered serum-cholesterol values. The incidence of
      CHD, as measured by the appearance of certain electrocardiographic patterns and
      by the occurrence of coronary deaths, was in both hospitals during the SCL-diet
      periods about half that during the normal-diet periods. An examination of a
      number of potential confounding variables indicated that the changes in them were
      small and failed to account for the considerable reduction in the incidence of
      CHD. It is concluded that the use of the serum-cholesterol-lowering diet exerted
      a substantial preventive effect on CHD.

PMID- 393645
TI  - Clinical aspects of the treatment of obesity by drugs: a review.
AB  - The safety, short-term and long-term efficacy of appetite-suppressant drugs are
      reviewed. Seven drugs widely available on prescription under the UK national
      health service are discussed.

PMID- 393646
TI  - Effects of acetylenedicarboxylate: relationship between decreased carcass lipid
      and increased liver size and lean body weight.
AB  - Potassium acetylenedicarboxylate, when administered in the diet, reduced the body
      lipid content of normal mice, genetically obese (ob/ob) mice, and their lean
      (+/?) littermates, and mice made obese by treatment with goldthioglucose. Food
      intake was unchanged in the lean mice but decreased in the obese mice. Carcass
      lipid was decreased in genetically obese mice compared to pair-fed controls.
      Oxygen consumption per mouse was increased in normal mice. The reduction in
      carcass lipid was not produced in normal mice that were dosed orally or were fed
      on a diet containing 55 per cent sucrose. Nor was it produced in male castrated
      mice or streptozotocin-treated mice that were given daily injections of insulin.
      The reduction in body lipid weight in lean mice was correlated with an increase
      in liver weight. Liver weight was not increased in genetically obese mice, but
      there was an increase in lipid-free dry weight. Weight gain was increased in lean
      mice and decreased in the obese mice compared to ad lib-fed controls. A red
      colouration of the skin developed in situations where body lipid content was
      decreased; plasma histamine was increased in lean mice. It is proposed that
      increased histamine synthesis leads to increased protein turnover and decreased
      body lipid content.

PMID- 393647
TI  - Insulin resistance in obesity: a critical analysis at enzyme level. A review.
AB  - Based on the consideration that insulin does not act directly on metabolic
      processes but affects membrane carriers and key-enzymes that regulate metabolic
      pathways, determination of insulin responsiveness of the various key-enzymes is
      suggested as a very appropriate method for studying insulin resistance. Insulin
      resistance, as it occurs in obese or obese-diabetic humans and animals, is most
      often associated with hyperinsulinemia, and is characterized not only by
      increased activity of key-enzymes of pathways known to be stimulated by insulin
      (glycolysis, lipogenesis), with the possible exception of glycogen synthesis, but
      also by a trend towards increased activity of key-enzymes of 'catabolic
      pathways', normally depressed by insulin. In the adipose tissue there is a normal
      to-enhanced basal lipolysis, which in man would result from the prevalence of the
      active over the inactive form of triacylglycerol lipase. In muscle, the increased
      amino-acid release that can be inferred from the elevated blood level of both
      alanine and branched-chain amino acids suggests an enhanced proteolysis. In
      liver, there is an elevation in the activity of the key gluconeogenic enzymes,
      which forms the basis of the augmented gluconeogenesis. In both muscle and liver,
      phosphorylase is also elevated with no change in glycogen synthase. Therefore,
      insulin resistance seems to consist of the failure of insulin to depress the key
      enzymes of catabolic pathways. Possible resistance of glycogen synthetase, which
      might account for decreased glucose utilization in muscle, may be due to the
      opposing effects of the phosphorylation process on glycogen synthetase and
      phosphorylase, implying that activation of phosphorylase (which occurs in
      obesity) entails inhibition of the synthetase. The fact that insulin
      insensitivity concerns only the 'catabolic' but not most 'anabolic' pathways
      makes it unlikely that the unresponsiveness is due to a reduction in insulin
      receptors or increase in insulin degradation. Since resistance to insulin is
      shown by enzymes regulated by such different mechanisms as induction-repression
      (gluconeogenic enzymes), covalent modifications (lipase, phosphorylase), and
      changes in lysosome stability (lysosomal proteases responsible for proteolysis, a
      single basic mechanism for explaining insulin insensitivity cannot be envisaged
      at present.

PMID- 393648
TI  - Insulin secretion and peripheral insulin sensitivity in obese children. Evidence
      of deficient glucose-stimulated early insulin release despite hyperinsulinemia.
AB  - Insulin secretion and peripheral insulin sensitivity were studied in 19 grossly
      obese girls and 17 age-matched non-obese girls by means of the intravenous
      glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and the simulated early insulin response test
      (SERT) respectively. SERT measures the fall in fasting blood glucose after a
      short infusion of insulin, performed so as to simulate the early phase of insulin
      release to the acute stimulus of an intravenous glucose load (ERex). In the
      IVGTT, the obese girls showed significantly increased early insulin response
      (ERend) in comparison with the non-obese girls. The glucose disappearance rate
      (KG) was similar in the two groups, although four obese girls had borderline low
      values. In the SERT, the rise in plasma insulin caused a much smaller decrease in
      blood glucose in the obese girls, than in the reference girls over the whole
      range of insulin levels studied. The relationship between insulin sensitivity and
      insulin secretion of each subject was evaluated from the plot of the ERex/ERend
      ratio vs blood glucose decrement. This showed that the hyperinsulinemia of the
      obese girls did not match the degree of peripheral resistance.

PMID- 393649
TI  - Parasitological societies of the world.

PMID- 393650
TI  - Intestinal peptide transport and hydrolysis in health and disease.

PMID- 393651
TI  - The immunogenic properties of a highly purified insulin preparation.

PMID- 393653
TI  - Vital forces: regulative principles or constitutive agents? A strategy in German
      physiology, 1786-1802.

PMID- 393652
TI  - Mianserin in the treatment of depressive illness: a comparison with
      amitriptyline.

PMID- 393654
TI  - Anglo-Saxon plant remedies and the Anglo-Saxons.

PMID- 393655
TI  - Prolonged fever and anemia as the sole manifestations of a false aneurysm in a
      transplant patient.
AB  - A patient with a false aneurysm of the iliac artery following removal of a right
      allograft developed a prolonged fever and anemia of unknown origin. The patient's
      condition was initially misinterpreted largely because these symptoms were
      attributed to dialysis treatment. This case emphasizes fever and anemia as the
      sole manifestations of a false aneurysm appearing as a late complication of
      kidney transplantation.

PMID- 393656
TI  - Insulin-dependent casein-induced amyloidosis in experimental animals.

PMID- 393657
TI  - The teaching of ethics in the American undergraduate curriculum, 1876-1976.

PMID- 393658
TI  - Changes in average length of stay and average charges generated following
      institution of PSRO review.
AB  - A five-year review of accounting data at a university hospital shows that
      immediately following institution of concurrent PSRO admission and length of stay
      review of Medicare-Medicaid patients, there was a significant decrease in length
      of stay and a fall in average charges generated per patient against the
      inflationary trend. Similar changes did not occur for the non-Medicare-Medicaid
      patients who were not reviewed. The observed changes occurred even though the
      review procedure rarely resulted in the denial of services to patients,
      suggesting an indirect effect of review.

PMID- 393659
TI  - Physician participation in Medicaid: evidence from California.
AB  - The objective of this paper is to investigate physician participation in the
      Medicaid program. In particular, how sensitive is the physician's involvement
      with Medicaid to variations in Medicaid reimbursements? How important are fee
      levels in the private market? What is the impact of inflation on the costs of
      physicians' inputs, particularly if the Medicaid fee remains relatively constant?
      These questions are explored through an empirical analysis fo data from the
      California Medicaid program. Two aspects of physician participation form the
      focus of the study: 1) the percentage of physicians participating in Medicaid in
      a given county and 2) the average number of nonaged, Medicaid patients treated by
      each participating physician. Information on these variables and on Medicaid fees
      and private charges come from Medicare and Medicaid claims records for more than
      3,000 physicians. The most significant result of the study is the reaffirmation
      of the importance of the amounts of both private charges and Medicaid payments in
      determining participation rates and average Medicaid case loads per participating
      physician. Both dependent variables are, as expected, inversely related to
      physicians' average billed revenue per patient and are positively related to
      average Medicaid payments per patient. In addition, it appears that the long-run
      impact of a change in billed revenue is significantly larger in absolute value
      than a corresponding change in the amount that Medicaid is willing to pay.

PMID- 393661
TI  - [In memoriam Guido Fanconi (1. 1. 1892--10, 10. 1979)].

PMID- 393660
TI  - Developing criteria for quality of assessment: effect of the Delphi technique.
AB  - We examined the effect of the Delphi iteration procedure in developing explicit
      criteria for ambulatory care assessment. Practicing internists chose items they
      believed to be essential with regard to the care of certain specified conditions.
      The initial responses were tabulated and "fed-back" to the participants. The
      second round of criteria selection, with the first-round summary available,
      produced few and relatively minor changes in the items chosen by group consensus.

PMID- 393662
TI  - [The crying infant].
AB  - The different types of crying which can be observed in the healthy and in the
      sick infant are described. Recent findings on behavioral and electrophysiological
      research are reviewed which led to a better understanding of the characteristics
      and possible causes of the different crying behaviors as well as of the
      effectiveness of therapeutical interventions.

PMID- 393664
TI  - [Notes on the history of facial nerve surgery].

PMID- 393663
TI  - Immunohistochemical localization of pyruvate kinase isoenzymes in chicken
      tissues.
AB  - A method for the localization of pyruvate kinase isoenzymes type L, M2 and M1 in
      tissue sections is described. Mono-specific antibodies directed against
      isoenzymes of pyruvate kinase from chicken and the peroxidase antiperoxidase
      method were used. The following preferential localizations of the isoenzymes in
      chicken tissues were observed: Pyruvate kinase M1 was found in skeletal muscle.
      The white muscle fibers were more intensely stained than the red. Some dark
      muscles (e.g., anterior latissimus dorsi) and the heart muscle showed no reaction
      with antiserum against pyruvate kinase M1. Pyruvate kinase type L was found in
      the hepatocytes and in kidney cortex. Pyruvate kinase type M2 was seen in the
      distal tubules of kidney, in hepatocytes and sinusoidal cells in liver, in lung,
      adipose tissue, and in the spleen mainly in the bursa dependent areas. Pyruvate
      kinase type M2 was detected in high concentrations in the granulation tissue of
      regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy. Liver sections of a hen bearing a
      pancreatic tumor showed an unusually high content of pyruvate kinase type M2 in
      some hepatocytes, which were each clustered to spots in the liver parenchyma.
      Thus, contrary to previous reports, the tissue distribution of isoenzymes in
      chicken is similar to that of other vertebrates.

PMID- 393665
TI  - [Midline granuloma. A review of the literature with particular reference to
      diagnostic and therapeutic problems supplemented by 3 personal case reports].
AB  - The term midline granuloma and various synonyms have been used to describe a rare
      lesion that ultimately forms a necrotizing ulcerating destruction of the midface.
      The aetiology has been variously and repeatedly discussed, and a review of the
      literature shows that at least three entities, which are difficult to
      differentiate, should be considered. Wegener's granulomatosis, malignant lymphoma
      and atypical histiocytic lymphoma, a disease with a pleomorphic histology, may
      all have an extensive necrosis and an intense inflammatory reaction. Upon the
      diagnosis, which is confirmed by biopsy, depends the appropriate treatment of
      these fatal diseases. The collective term midline granuloma should be avoided
      since it may delay the correct management.

PMID- 393666
TI  - Human models of human diseases; breast cancer and the lymphomas.

PMID- 393667
TI  - William Lyman Caldwell, M.D., F.A.C.R., 1929-1979.

PMID- 393669
TI  - Experimental tumor systems: standardization of endpoints.

PMID- 393668
TI  - Drug or radiation changes to the host which could affect the outcome of combined
      modality therapy.

PMID- 393670
TI  - Endpoints for damage to normal tissues.

PMID- 393671
TI  - Cellular recovery kinetic studies relevant to combined-modality research and
      therapy.

PMID- 393672
TI  - Improved survival with combined modality treatment for stage IV breast cancer.

PMID- 393673
TI  - Studies on radiosensitization of Escherichia coli cells by cis-platinum
      complexes.

PMID- 393674
TI  - Summary of investigations on platinum compounds and radiation interactions.

PMID- 393675
TI  - Abomasal impaction and related obstructions of the forestomachs in cattle.

PMID- 393676
TI  - Osteochondritis dissecans in the dog: diagnosis and therapy.
AB  - Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a manifestation of osteochondrosis. It is
      thought to be a metabolic disease of cartilage maturation and endochondral
      ossification. Therefore, any disturbance affecting the differentiation of growth
      cartilage constitutes osteochondrosis. When this disturbance affects the
      articular cartilage so that a piece detaches, it is called OCD. Osteochondritis
      dissecans is well recognized but poorly understood. The etiology remains
      controversial. Osteochondritis dissecans is most commonly recognized in the
      shoulder but can occur in other areas which makes it difficult to differentiate
      from other disease entities. Diagnosis of OCD is based on signalment (age, breed,
      and sex), history, and physical and radiographic evidence. Therapy must be
      individualized and based on the patient's clinical signs and not on the severity
      of the radiographic lesion. Therapy can be effective only when applied correctly.

PMID- 393677
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of equine uveitis.

PMID- 393678
TI  - Calf pneumonia associated with Mycoplasma dispar infection.

PMID- 393680
TI  - Stereo-specific synthesis of 3-trifluoromethylcephalosporin derivative by
      microbial acylase.
AB  - Cephalosporin acylase (EC 3.5.1.11) obtained from Kluyvera citrophila ATCC 21285
      was found to catalyze synthesis of 7-[2-(2-thienyl)acetamido]-3-trifluoromethyl-3
      cephem-4-carboxylic acid from methyl thienylacetate and dl-7-amino-3
      trifluoromethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid. The enzymatically-synthesized
      compound showed [alpha]25 D + 42.7 degrees (c 0.058, MeOH) and its biological
      activity was about twice as much as that of racemic 7-[2-(2-thienyl)acetamidol]-3
      trifluoromethyl-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid chemicall synthesized. As a result, N
      acylation by this enzyme was demonstrated to be asymmetric synthesis.

PMID- 393679
TI  - Characterization of methanol extraction residue (MER) from Bacillus Calmette
      Guerin (BCG).
AB  - Analysis of methanol extraction residue (MER) from Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)
      was carried out to determine some specific chemical compositional
      characteristics. Samples of MER were found to contain approximately 40% protein
      and/or peptide, 3% soluble lipids, 17% bound lipids, 8% elemental nitrogen, and
      less than 2% mycolic acids. Amino acid analysis showed the presence of alanine,
      glycine and glutamic acid as the major amino acids. The data are reported in
      terms of the range found for each constituent over the samples analyzed. Somewhat
      consistent results were obtained between different MER preparations, but notable
      compositional variations were observed in samples of MER suspensions.

PMID- 393681
TI  - Methyl esters of trimethylammonium derivatives of polyene macrolide antibiotics.

PMID- 393682
TI  - Obituary: Sir Ernst Boris Chain.

PMID- 393684
TI  - Synthesis of a tight-binding, multisubstrate analog inhibitor of gentamicin
      acetyltransferase I.
AB  - Gentamicin acetyltransferase I will catalyze acyl transfer from
      chloroacetylcoenzyme A to form 3-N-chloroacetylgentamicin. This product can be
      linked to coenzyme A to form a multisubstrate analog by nucleophilic displacement
      of the chlorine by the sulfur of coenzyme A. The analog can be purified by
      selective binding to cationic and anionic ion exchange resins. Kinetic analysis
      of a time-dependent onset and reversal of inhibition of gentamicin
      acetyltransferase I by the purified multisubstrate analog yields an inhibition
      constant of 5 approximately 20 x 10(-10) M. The inhibitor does not potentiate
      antibiotic activity against resistant Escherichia coli. Nevertheless, the
      effectiveness of the tight-binding between the enzyme and the multisubstrate
      analog demonstrates that inhibitors of resistance can be designed and prepared by
      specific enzymatic synthesis.

PMID- 393683
TI  - 2-Amino-5-methyl-5-hexenoic acid, a methionine analog produced by Streptomyces
      sp. MF374-C4.
AB  - 2-Amino-5-methyl-5-hexenoic acid (AMHA), a new methionine analog, was isolated
      from a fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. MF374-C4 based on its reversal of
      the effect of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in a test system that
      determines the size of growth zones of revertants (His+) of Salmonella
      typhimurium TA1535. AMHA also inhibited growth of the tester strain in a
      synthetic medium. These AMHA activities were abolished by methionine. The
      incidence of spontaneous streptomycin-resistant mutations of Escherichia coli K12
      was not decreased by AMHA at concentrations where cell growth was partially
      inhibited. AMHA inhibited protein synthesis but not DNA or RNA synthesis in S.
      typhimurium TA1535 and E. coli K-12. The analog inhibited formation of methionyl
      tRNA but not of valyl-tRNA in a cell-free system of E. coli, and supported ATP
      PPi exchange in the cell-free system. At concentrations where it inhibited cell
      growth, AMHA decreased the number of foci, induced by ROUS sarcoma virus, on
      cultured sheets of chick-embryo fibroblasts. The effects of AMHA on focus
      formation and on the cell growth were overcome by methionine.

PMID- 393685
TI  - Inhibition of ribosomal and RNA polymerase functions by rubradirin and its
      aglycone.
AB  - The antibiotic rubradirin is structurally related to the ansamycin family of
      antibiotics. Most members of this group act as specific inhibitors of bacterial
      RNAP. Rubradirin and its aglycone possess diverging modes of action. Rubradirin
      inhibits ribosomal functions related to the peptide chain initiation process. It
      does not inhibit RNAP. By contrast the aglycone of rubradirin retains moderate
      inhibitory activity towards ribosomal functions but acts essentially as an
      extremely potent inhibitor of RNAP.

PMID- 393686
TI  - Inhibition of the respiratory-linked membrane potential in E. coli membrane
      vesicles by octapeptin.
AB  - Octapeptin is a peptide antibiotic which affects bacterial membrane structure and
      selective membrane permeability for protons and potassium. The influence of
      octapeptin on the formation of a membrane potential generated across bacterial
      vesicles was monitored using the Rb+-valinomycin transport system. Octapeptin
      inhibited the respiratory-linked generation of membrane potentials formed in the
      presence of succinate or Asc/PMS. In addition, the antibiotic inhibited [3H]
      leucine transport driven either by succinate or Asc/PMS. These studies support
      the proposal that the antimicrobial activity of octapeptin is due to inhibition
      of the formation of a membrane potential generated in the presence of appropriate
      respiratory substrates.

PMID- 393687
TI  - Microscopic evaluation of forage digestion by rumen microorganisms--a review.

PMID- 393688
TI  - Feed intake patterns and associated blood glucose, free fatty acid and insulin
      changes in ponies.

PMID- 393689
TI  - The host and its microflora: an ecological unit.

PMID- 393690
TI  - Changes in the intestinal flora of young pigs with postweaning diarrhea or edema
      disease.

PMID- 393691
TI  - Comparison of four levels of protein supplementation with and without oral
      diethylstilbestrol on blood plasma concentrations of testosterone, growth hormone
      and insulin in young bulls.

PMID- 393692
TI  - Serum glucocorticoids, growth hormone and insulin and plasma glucose in bulls
      given prostaglandin E2 or F2 alpha 1.
AB  - Plasma glucose and serum insulin, growth hormone and glucocorticoid
      concentrations were determined in five yearling bulls given (im) 5, 15 or 30 mg
      prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 30 mg prostaglandin F2 alpha(PGF2 alpha) or saline.
      Jugular blood was collected at frequent intervals around the time of injection
      and at .5--hr intervals from 1 to 9 hr after injections. Thirty milligrams PGE2
      and 30 mg PGF2 alpha each caused 15- to 20-fold increases in serum
      glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids increased with increasing doses of PGE2.
      Although PGE2 and PGF2 alpha each increased blood growth hormone, this effect was
      about twofold larger after PGE2. By contrast, PGE2 depressed serum insulin about
      50% for 1 hr, then insulin increased about sixfold until 3 to 4 hours. Blood
      serum insulin increased after PGF2 alpha, but this effect only approached
      significance (P less than .10). Plasma glucose increased about 10 mg/100 ml after
      PGE2, but was not affected significantly by PGF2 alpha. Thus, the effects of PGE2
      and PGF2 alpha on hormones which control glucose metabolism differ markedly. We
      speculate that PGE2 caused a twofold increase in growth hormone secretion within
      10 to 20 min, that increased growth hormone induced increased blood glucose
      within 1 to 2 hr and that increased glucose caused increased insulin secretion at
      2 to 4 hr, but we cannot rule out a transitory (1 hr) suppressive effect of PGE2
      directly on the pancreas.

PMID- 393693
TI  - Free amino acids in blood of ruminants--physiological and nutritional regulation.
AB  - Tissue free amino acid pools account for only a small fraction of the total amino
      acid content in the body. Blood of plasma free amino acid pools represent only a
      very small proportion of tissue free amino pools. Plasma free amino acid profiles
      have been used as a tool to study nutritional and metabolic aspects of protein
      status. Static measurements of plasma amino acid levels have limited value as
      sensitive indicators of protein status because such measurements do not reflect
      the magnitude of amino acid fluxes in and out free amino acid pools. Use of
      plasma amino acid profiles, under well defined experimental conditions, in
      assessing limiting amino acids and essential amino acid requirements in ruminants
      is discussed.

PMID- 393695
TI  - Microcomputer controlled titration for determination of protein nitrogen in feeds
      and wheat.
AB  - The determination of protein nitrogen in feeds and wheat by microcomputer
      controlled titration is described. The method involves direct titration of
      ammonia with standard hypochlorite titrant in the presence of bromide. The
      titrant is delivered by an automatic buret, and the microcomputer controlled,
      automatically computed potentiometric end points are precise to 0.1% over a 5
      fold concentration range of nitrogen. Digestions performed with both mercury and
      copper catalysts show comparable results. Samples are weighed before digestion by
      an electronic balance interfaced to the computer which records sample number and
      weight. An automatic pipet aliquots, dilutes, and buffers samples directly from
      the digestion tubes; the samples can be immediately titrated with the automatic
      titrator. The results for protein in NBS standards and check feed samples from an
      offical testing program compare closely with average values reported for these
      standards. Results show that feed and wheat samples contained 10-100% protein.
      Precision for successive aliquots of the same digests is 0.1-0.4%relative
      standard deviation; precision for multiple digestions of the same sample is 0.1
      0.8%.

PMID- 393694
TI  - Efficiency of rumen microbial growth: influence of some theoretical and
      experimental factors of YATP.

PMID- 393696
TI  - A correlative study of fat-cell size, immunoreactive insulin levels and serum
      lipids in obesity and diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 393697
TI  - Gonadotropins response to GnRH in health and hypothalamic-pituitary disorders.

PMID- 393698
TI  - [Radiological diagnosis of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. Report of three
      cases and review of the literature (author's transl)].

PMID- 393699
TI  - Purification and some properties of inducible tertiary amine N-oxide reductase
      from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 393701
TI  - Studies on 30S ribosomal protein S1 from E. coli. II. Functional properties.

PMID- 393700
TI  - Studies on 30S ribosomal protein S1 from E. coli. I. Purification and
      physicochemical properties.
AB  - 1. The distribution of ribosomal protein S1 in subcellular fractions of E. coli
      was determined by radioimmunoassay. It was found that about 70%, 20% and 10% of
      protein S1 were present in the high salt (1.0 M NH4Cl)-washed ribosomes, the
      ribosomal wash and the S100 fraction, respectively. 2. Protein S1 was purified
      from unwashed ribosomes by an improved procedure which included: (i) extraction
      of protein S1 from unwashed ribosomes with 1.2 M LiCl and 1.0 M NH4Cl, (ii)
      ammonium sulfate fractionation, (iii) two successive column chromatographies on
      DEAE-Sephadex, and (iv) hydroxylapatite column chromatography. Purified protein
      S1 was homogeneous in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under native and
      denatured conditions. 3. The molecular weights determined by sedimentation
      equilibrium and by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were 83,000 and 70,000
      respectively. The sedimentation coefficient was estimated as 3.0S by glycerol
      gradient centrifugation. The stokes radius determined by Sephadex G-200 gel
      filtration was 45 A. From these data, the frictional ratio of protein S1 was
      calculated to be 1.65, assuming the molecular weight and partial specific volume
      to be 70,000 and 0.736, respectively. Protein S1 had an elongated shape with an
      axial ratio of approximately 8.5. 4. Protein S1 contained 2 residues of half
      cystine and about 10 residues of tryptophan. From CD measurements, the contents
      of alpha-helix and beta-structure were estimated to be 32 and 27%, respectively.
      5. As reported by Kolb et al. (1977) (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 74, 2379-2383),
      and Draper et al. (1977) (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S. 74, 4786-4790), the
      intrinsic fluorescence of protein S1 was markedly quenched on interaction with
      poly(U). The maximal quenching was observed when 30 mol of poly(U) (as UMP
      residues) was added to one mol of the protein.

PMID- 393702
TI  - About the author: H. Lou Gibson.

PMID- 393703
TI  - The Biological Photographic Association, its half century.

PMID- 393704
TI  - Population structure in the Western Pyrenees: I. Population density, social class
      composition, and migration, 1850--1915.

PMID- 393705
TI  - 200 years of dentistry.

PMID- 393706
TI  - Tumor dormancy: a review.

PMID- 393709
TI  - Combined microspectrophotometry and automated quantitative autoradiography
      applied to the analysis of the plant cell cycle.
AB  - Two methods, which relate grain number to cell cycle phase in Feulgen-stained
      autoradiographic preparations, have been developed and compared. Both methods
      automate grain number estimations, one by taking integrated absorbance
      measurements at different wavelengths, the other by measuring absorption at a
      single wavelength before and after chemical removal of silver grains. With
      tritium-labelled tobacco mosaic virus as a probe, a quantitative analysis has
      been made of the binding of virus particles to plant protoplasts in different
      compartments of the DNA replication and partition cycle. The preliminary results
      indicate that the quantity of virus bound by protoplasts is related to their cell
      cycle phase. Whilst in this case, the methods have been used with plant cells,
      both techniques are equally applicable to animal cells.

PMID- 393707
TI  - Early sequential lesions during development of experimental gastric cancer with
      special reference to dysplasias.
AB  - The early sequential development of gastric cancer was studied with experimental
      animals and examined with respect to what conclusions can be drawn for
      understanding carcinogenesis in man. After limited oral administration of N
      methyl-N'nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine to 174 rats carcinomas developed in most cases
      directly from the otherwise unchanged mucosa through various successive stages of
      transformation, without passing through a benign-appearing proliferative or
      neoplastic epithelial lesion. Focal dysplasia grade I was the first recognizable
      change observed by light microscopy, followed by dysplasia grade II, and
      subsequently dysplasia grade III. In spite of very similar morphological
      characteristics, the experimentally induced dysplasias cannot be simply equated
      in their etiology and biological behavior with the dysplasias of the human
      stomach. Dysplasias of grade I and II commonly found in man are usually
      associated with a chronic gastritis; they are located in the upper third of the
      mucosa and are for the most part reversible. The experimental dysplasias occuring
      in the proliferative zone of an otherwise undisturbed mucosa must be considered
      potentially premalignant, as they are irreversible and develop progressively.
      This finding points out that in man dysplasias grade III within the regenerative
      zone of non-inflammatory mucosa should be considered particularly as possible
      precursors of gastric carcinomas.

PMID- 393708
TI  - Regulation of the G1 leads to S phase transition in chick embryo fibroblasts with
      alpha-keto acids and L-alanine.
AB  - Temporal inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide prevents subsequent
      insulin, but not serum-stimulated DNA synthesis in G1-arrested chick embryo
      fibroblasts (CEF). The inhibition is measured by the incorporation of 3H
      thymidine into acid insoluble material and confirmed by chemical estimate of the
      DNA content of inhibited and uninhibited cells. Cycloheximide treatment is
      without effect if the cell cultures are maintained at 4 degrees C while exposed
      to the drug. Several alpha-keto acids (pyruvate, oxaloacetate, alpha
      ketobutyrate) at 0.5-1 mM concentrations restore DNA synthesis in previously
      inhibited cells when combined with insulin. L-alanine (D-alanine is inert) is
      even more effective than the keto acids in stimulating DNA synthesis after
      cycloheximide treatment. Glucose transport was unaffected by cycloheximide
      treatment while lactate levels in medium from inhibited, insulin-stimulated CEF
      were reduced 70% compared to uninhibited counterparts. We speculate that
      cycloheximide treatment may lead to the decay of a glycolytic enzyme which
      compromises the ability of inhibited cells to synthesize pyruvate from glucose,
      and thus induces an exogenous requirement for alpha-keto acid or L-alanine. A
      serum component(s) with a molecular weight of about 100 permitted insulin
      stimulated DNA synthesis in inhibited cells.

PMID- 393710
TI  - Insulin-induced receptor loss in the cultured human lymphocyte: quantitative
      morphological perturbations in the cell and plasma membrane.
AB  - When cultured human lymphocytes (IM-9) are exposed to 10(-6) M procine insulin
      for 6 h, washed, and incubated with 125I-insulin, the ability of the cell to bind
      the labelled hormone is reduced by a mean of 78%. Under these experimental
      conditions that induce insulin-receptor loss in this cell there is a mean 95%
      increase in microinvaginations in the plasma membrane revealed by electron
      microscopy on freez-fractured replicas of the cell. At the same time, horseradish
      peroxidase uptake, a marker of endocytosis, is increased in the cells incubated
      with insulin. Coupled with our recent EM autoradiographic evidence that labelled
      insulin is acutely internalized by this cell, these studies are consistent with
      the possibility that endocytosis represents a mechanism by which receptor is
      removed from the cell surface.

PMID- 393711
TI  - Rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae by using noncommercial micro-tests in
      conjunction with API 20E profile data.
AB  - A total of 371 (97%) of 382 strains of Enterobacteriaceae representing 26 species
      were identified cheaply, accurately, and rapidly by using a test system based
      upon standard 96-well microdilution plates and the API 20E profile data.

PMID- 393712
TI  - Compatible results obtained from biotyping and serotyping in Serratia marcescens.
AB  - The correspondence between complete serotype and biotype (P.A.D. Grimont and F.
      Grimont, J. Clin. Microbiol. 8:73-83, 1978) of 474 Serratia marcescens strains
      was studied. Of 127 serotypes, 70 were represented by two or more strains of the
      same serotype belonged to one biotype. However, for 91% of serotypes, strains of
      the same serotype belonged to one biogroup--i.e., a group of closely related
      biotypes. Biogroups are A1 (A1a, A1b); A2/6 (A2a, A2b, A6a, A6b); A3 (A3a, A3b,
      A3c, A3d); A4 (A4a, A4b); A5/8 (A5, A8a, A8b, A8c); and TCT (TCT, TT). Only two
      serotypes were composed of a mixture of pigmented and nonpigmented biogroups.
      Pigmented biogroups (A1 and A2/6) were otherwise differentiated from nonpigmented
      biogroups (A3, A4, A5/8, and TCT) by serotyping. Some biogroups preferentially
      occurred in some O serogroups: A4 in 01; A2/6 in O6, O8, and O14; and A3 in O9,
      O12, and O15. Three H serogroups were found to be biochemically homogeneous: H1,
      H7, and H20 were respectively and uniquely composed of biogroups A4, TCT, and A3.
      A square matrix of O versus H serogroups, with the corresponding biogroup for
      each O X H combination, was used for comparisons between O groups and between H
      groups. Identical patterns of biogroups were shown by serogroups O6, O8, and O14.
      Taxonomical, ecological, and practical consequences of these findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 393713
TI  - Charcoal-yeast extract agar: primary isolation medium for Legionella pneumophila.
AB  - Charcoal-yeast extract agar is a new bacteriological medium that supports
      excellent growth of the Legionella pneumophila. It results from modifications
      made in an existing L. pneumophila medium, F-G agar. Yeast extract, instead of an
      acid hydrolysate of casein, serves as the protein source. Beef extractives and
      starch are not added. Activated charcoal (Norit A or Norit SG) is included at
      0.20% (wt/vol). Comparison of charcoal-yeast extract and F-G agars showed that a
      greater number of colony-forming units of L. pneumophila was recovered from a
      standardized tissue inoculum on charcoal-yeast extract agar (4.35 x 10(6) colony
      forming units) than on F-G agar (4.85 x 10(4) colony-forming units). Macroscopic
      colonies of L. pneumophila were visible on the new medium within 3 days, whereas
      4 days of growth was required on F-G agar.

PMID- 393715
TI  - Evaluation of the modified Micro-ID system for identification of
      Enterobacteriaceae.
AB  - Micro-ID is a system designed to identify the Enterobacteriaceae by utilizing
      reagent-impregnated disks for 15 biochemical tests. Since its initial
      evaluations, the system has undergone modification in formulation and in its
      computer data base. In a dual-center evaluation, 306 isolates of
      Enterobacteriaceae were tested: 145 common and typical isolates at the Mayo
      Clinic and 161 unusual or atypical isolates at the Center for Disease Control.
      Each laboratory also exchanged 50 cultures to test the system's reproducibility.
      Micro-ID correctly identified 142 (98%) of the common clinical isolates and 123
      (76%) of the unusual or atypical organisms. However, in this latter group, three
      species tested were not in the system's data base. When these organisms were
      deleted from the analysis, 138 of 146 (95%) of the unusual or atypical isolates
      were correctly identified. Analysis of the 100 isolates identified in duplicate
      revealed 93% reproducibility of genus and species identification and 62%
      reproducibility of octal code numbers. Of the 31 strains with the same
      identification but different code numbers, 74% differed in only one biochemical
      test.

PMID- 393714
TI  - Indirect sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for rapid detection of
      Haemophilus influenzae type b infection.
AB  - We report the development and testing of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
      with excellent sensitivity for the detection of Haemophilus influenzae type b
      (HI(b)) antigen in clinical specimens from patients with HI(b) meningitis. The
      assay, an indirect sandwich technique, uses polystyrene balls as a solid phase
      and an alkaline phosphatase-labeled goat anti-rabbit globulin conjugate.
      Specimens are incubated with polystyrene balls armed with burro anti-HI(b)
      antiserum, and recognition antibody is visualized by addition of alkaline
      phosphatase-labeled anti-globulin, together with the enzyme substrate p
      nitrophenyl phosphate. Concentrations of antigen are determined from standard
      curves prepared by using purified HI(b) capsular antigen polyribophosphate. The
      assay reproducibly detects polyribophosphate at concentrations between 1 and 5
      ng/ml. Cross-reactions have not as yet been encountered in simulated and
      authentic clinical specimens containing other species including Escherichia coli,
      Klebsiella pneumoniae, group B Streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
      Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Neisseria meningitidis, and
      Listeria monocytogenes. In preliminary tests with 11 spinal fluid specimens, 2
      serum specimens, and 5 urine specimens from patients with culture-proved HI(b)
      meningitis, antigen was detected in all specimens in concentrations ranging from
      1 to 7,000 ng/ml. Antigen was not detected in any of 62 clinical specimens which
      were culture negative for HI(b), including 11 spinal fluid specimens from
      patients with bacterial meningitis caused by microorganisms other than HI(b). The
      enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique described here is considerably
      simpler than radioimmunoassay and, based on concurrent tests with 14 positive
      clinical specimens, may be more sensitive than counterimmunoelectrophoresis. It
      seems, therefore, to hold considerable promise for clinical use in rapid
      detection of systemic HI(b) infections.

PMID- 393716
TI  - Hemagglutination by Escherichia coli in septicemia and urinary tract infections.
AB  - The agglutination of erythrocytes from various animal species by Escherichia coli
      was studied. The 405 strains of E. coli were isolated from urine in patients with
      urinary tract infections, from blood in septicemic patients, or from feces in
      persons without intestinal or urinary disorders. In urinary tract infections, d
      mannose-resistant agglutination (MRHA) of human erythrocytes was the most common
      finding (23% of the strains). The highest frequency of mannose-sensitive
      hemagglutination (MSHA) attributed to type I (common type) pili occurred with
      guinea pig erythrocytes (11.5%). Of the 78 E. coli strains isolated from blood
      cultures, 11 (14%) produced MRHA of human erythrocytes and only one gave MSHA. In
      the stool cultures, only 1 of 170 E. coli strains was MSHA reacting, whereas 28
      strains (16.5%) showed MRHA of human erythrocytes. No MRHA strain reacted with
      antiserum against colonization factor antigen (CFA)/I of pilus nature in
      enterotoxigenic human E. coli strains (O78:H12). MRHA of bovine erythrocytes,
      reputedly typical of enterotoxigenic E. coli of serogroups O6 and O8, was shown
      by only two strains, neither of which agglutinated with CFA/II antiserum. The
      most common hemagglutinating pattern of E. coli from urine and blood thus was
      MRHA for human erythrocytes. This agglutination may have been caused by pili or
      other surface properties of one or more serotypes. These may represent a new
      class of colonization-promoting antigens (adhesins).

PMID- 393717
TI  - Identification of Enterobacteriaceae in frozen microdilution trays prepared by
      Micro-Media Systems.
AB  - Frozen microdilution trays, with 20 different biochemical test media for
      identification of Enterobactericeae, were evaluated. The test panels were those
      provided by Micro-Media Systems (MMS), who also provided a code book for
      interpretation of the test results. The interpretations of the MMS test system
      and of the Analytab API 20E test system were compared with those obtained from
      tests with conventional media. Tests with 468 Enterobacteriaceae demonstrated
      nearly comparable results with the two commercial systems. About 6% (API) and 7%
      (MMS) of the isolates could not be identified without additional tests, and
      another 3% (MMS) to 4% (API) of the isolates gave test patterns that were not
      found in the code books. One to three percent of the isolates were misidentified.
      It was concluded that the MMS Enteric Quad Panels provide an efficient,
      relatively inexpensive, and reasonably accurate method for identification of the
      Enterobacteriaceae.

PMID- 393718
TI  - Evaluation of Micro-Media Quad Panels for identification of the
      Enterobacteriaceae.
AB  - The Micro-Media Quad Enteric Panel and coding system were evaluated by comparing
      the identifications of 193 stock and 216 clinical isolates, representing 31
      species of Enterobacteriaceae, with those provided by conventional methods. The
      results corresponded for 91% of the organisms if only the single or most probable
      identification was accepted and for 93% if the correct identification was listed
      as one of several possible, but not the most probable, identification by the
      coding system. With 73% of the isolates, the single identification provided by
      the coding system was correct, and in 20% of instances the correct identification
      was listed as the first of several choices in descending order of probability but
      requiring additional tests for differentiation. In most of the latter instances,
      these additional tests consisted of serological confirmation of salmonellae or
      shigellae. Discrepancies consisted of incorrect identifications (4%) and
      organisms with code numbers not appearing in the coding system (3%).

PMID- 393719
TI  - Semiquantitative catalase test as an aid in identification of oxidative and
      nonsaccharolytic gram-negative bacteria.
AB  - A simple and rapid semiquantitative slide catalase test useful for the
      identification of oxidative and nonsaccharolytic gram-negative bacteria, i.e.,
      "nonfermenters," is described. Using the interpretative criterion of time of
      appearance of oxygen bubbles in 3% hydrogen peroxide, three categories of
      nonfermenters were established. The rapid catalase producers included
      Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Achromobacter species; Acinetobacter anitratus and
      Acinetobacter lwoffii; Bordetella bronchiseptica; CDC group IVE; Pseudomonas
      aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, P. putida, P. diminuta, and P. acidovorans; and
      Moraxella urethralis and M-6. The delayed catalase producers included Bordetella
      parapertussis, CDC group VA-1, P. alcaligenes, P. cepacia, P. mendocina, P.
      pickettii (VA-2), P. pseudoalcaligenes, P. putrefaciens, P. stutzeri, P.
      testosteroni, and P. vesicularis. The third group consisted of an additional 17
      taxa of nonfermenters which were classified as moderate catalase producers.

PMID- 393720
TI  - Adhesion to a human cell line by Escherichia coli strains isolated during urinary
      tract infections.
AB  - It has been shown that some, but not all, Escherichia coli strains isolated from
      urine adhere, in vitro, to the surface of uroepithelial or vaginal cells. In the
      present study, 212 strains, isolated from urine of 212 infected patients, were
      tested for adhesion by using an in vitro human cell line assay. A variable degree
      of attachment to the cell monolayer was detected in these strains. From patients
      with cystitis, only 19 (9.7%) of the 195 strains examined were adherent, whereas
      5 (29.4%) of the 17 pyelonephritis strains had similar properties (P less than
      0.05). To investigate the incidence of adhesion in the clinical manifestations of
      urinary tract infection, a sample of patients was picked at random from those
      with cystitis. During cystitis caused by adhesive bacteria, patients suffer more
      often from macroscopic hematuria than from dysuria, frequency, or recurrency (P
      less than 0.05). This study shows that E. coli strains isolated from urine
      samples possess a strikingly difference in capacity to adhere to a human cell
      line surface as demonstrated previously with uroepithelial or vaginal cells.
      Moreover, according to these data, the adhesion of E. coli may be considered as a
      virulent factor and would play a part in the infection of the urinary tract in
      humans.

PMID- 393721
TI  - Acceptability and cost savings of selective sputum microbiology in a community
      teaching hospital.
AB  - Our experience in introducing selective sputum microbiology into a clinical
      laboratory was recorded prospectively and analyzed. Based on low-power microscopy
      with determination of ratios of polymorphonuclear to squamous cells, 32% of
      specimens were discarded as unfit for culture. Speedy processing and prompt
      telephone calls afforded opportunities to replace these with better specimens,
      but only 29% of rejected specimens were resubmitted. Interpretive readings of
      smears for microorganisms yielded meaningful yielded meaningful information to
      clinicians and correctly predicted culture results in 73.8% of acceptable
      specimens. Technological time was similar to that required to process the same
      number of specimens in the usual way, but rejection of unsatisfactory specimens
      led to a 22% saving in supplies. Clinicians readily accepted the new system.
      Where nurses are responsible for specimen collection, they must be informed of
      the rationale for selective culture and the unreliability of gross visual
      inspection in evaluating sputum.

PMID- 393722
TI  - Rapid identification of Prototheca species by the API 20C system.
AB  - The conventional auxanographic method of testing for the assimilation of
      carbohydrates and alcohols by the various species of Prototheca requires at least
      2 weeks of incubation at 25 to 30 degrees C before definitive results are
      obtained. Even though Prototheca spp., in culture as well as in fixed tissues,
      can be identified more rapidly by fluorescent-antibody techniques in which
      species-specific reagents are used, such diagnostic facilities and reagents are
      not available in most diagnostic laboratories. The API 20C clinical yeast
      identification system, a commercially available ready-to-use micromethod, was
      found to permit the definitive identification of P. stagnora, P. wickerhamii, and
      P. zopfii within 4 days.

PMID- 393723
TI  - Detection of antibodies to alphaviruses by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
AB  - Cell culture-derived antigens detected antibodies to alphaviruses in human sera
      with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results correlated with
      those from hemagglutination inhibition and neutralization tests.

PMID- 393724
TI  - Stability of anti-Candida precipitating antibody in stored sera as determined by
      counterimmunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - Prolonged storage of sera at -20 degrees C did not significantly affect anti
      Candida precipitin titers measured by counterimmunoelectrophoresis when compared
      with the original determinations.

PMID- 393725
TI  - The effect of tetracycline and/or scaling on human periodontal disease.
AB  - The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of scaling and root planing
      with or without adjunctive tetracycline therapy in the treatment of periodonitis
      in humans. The presence of plaque, gingival inflammation, probing depths and
      attachment levels was assessed for all teeth in 12 patients with chronic,
      advanced periodontitis. After an initial examination all patients were given
      detailed oral hygiene instructions. The teeth in one-half of each arch were then
      scaled and root planed. The teeth in the contralateral half were not treated. Six
      patients were given tetracycline (1 gm/day) during the first and second weeks and
      the seventh and eighth weeks of the trial. The study thus included four different
      treatment groups: 1) no treatment, 2) scaling and root planing alone, 3)
      tetracycline administration alone, and 4) scaling and root planing combined with
      tetracycline administration. All patients were reexamined at 8 and 25 weeks
      subsequent to the initiation of therapy. Both PlI and GI scores decreased
      significantly in all groups. The GI scores were significantly lower in the scaled
      and root planed areas as compared to the contralateral sides at both the 8- and
      25-week examinations. The PlI score was lower in the scaled and root planed areas
      only at the 25-week interval. The gingival probing depths were reduced in all
      groups. A significantly greater decrease in probing depth, however, was noted in
      scaled and root planed areas. There was a trend to gain of attachment in the
      treated areas but the magnitude of the gain was very small. The findings of the
      trail also revealed that the administration of tetracycline had only a minor
      effect on the parameters examined.

PMID- 393726
TI  - Periodontal self-examination. A motivational tool in periodontics.
AB  - The institution of proper oral hygiene procedures and habits is a learning
      process. This paper describes a self-instructing periodontal self-examination
      program to be used in the initial phase of periodontal treatment. The program was
      designed in an effort to facilitate learning by taking the teaching conditions
      into consideration. The program tries to utilize the patient's curiosity and need
      for activity and to involve the patient himself in an effort to make the patient
      apprehend the relevance of subject matter. The program also allows for an
      individualized learning speed of the patient. The self-examination program was
      tested on 108 periodontal patients (19-75 years of age) and the patients'
      findings were compared to those made by a dentist. Questionnaires before and
      after the self-examination were used in the evaluation of opinions of the
      patient. The present study showed that the patients were able to perform the self
      examination without individual professional guidance. A rather close correlation
      was noted between findings made by the patient and the dentist. Furthermore, the
      program was well accepted and appreciated by the patients according to their
      answers on the questionnaires.

PMID- 393727
TI  - Conversion of a stable T-cell lesion to a progressive B-cell lesion in the
      pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease: an hypothesis.
AB  - Changes in the host's immunological response or, alternatively, changes in the
      oral microflora have been implicated as possible mechanisms by which a stable
      lesion of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease may become a progressive
      lesion leading to tissue destruction and tooth loss. It has recently been
      established that the progressive lesion in humans can be unequivocally considered
      as a B-cell response. Circumstantial evidence exists which suggests that the
      stable lesion is in fact a T-cell-mediated mechanism. An hypothesis is presented
      to explain the change from a stable to a progressive state in terms of a shift
      from a predominantly T-cell lesion to one involving large numbers of B-cells.
      Mechanisms of this shift in cell populations are considered together with a
      discussion of possible means of preventing such a shift.

PMID- 393728
TI  - Clinical evaluation of spiramycin and erythromycin in control of periodontal
      disease.
AB  - Two studies are reported. Each was double-blind in which Spiramycin was compared
      to Erythromycin and a placebo, to determine the value of Spiramycin as a
      therapeutic agent in the control of periodontal disease. In Study 1, 48 adults
      with varying degrees of periodontal disease were randomly assigned to treatment
      and control groups. Assessments of gingival index, plaque height, pocket depth,
      crevicular fluid volume and wet plaque weight were made. During this 4-week
      clinical trial, the patients maintained their usual oral hygiene. The medication
      was administered systemically for 5 days, starting at the conclusion of week 2.
      Spiramycin significantly reduced the scores for the five parameters recorded.
      When comparison were made, the greatest recorded effect with Spiramycin treatment
      was found in patients with advanced periodontal disease. The indication of this
      trend favouring Spiramycin led to an extension of this clinical trial involving
      only patients with advanced periodontal lesions. This second study comprised 54
      adults. The same parameters were measured over the same time period as in Study
      1. Spiramycin again was responsible for the greatest reduction in the recorded
      scores. For example, average pocket depth was decreased by approximately 30%,
      whereas Erythromycin produced a reduction of 15%. It would appear that Spiramycin
      is of definite benefit in the management of periodontal disease, especially in
      the more advanced cases.

PMID- 393729
TI  - Subgingival microflora and periodontal disease.

PMID- 393730
TI  - Acute phase responses to experimental salmonellosis in calves and colibacillosis
      in chickens: serum iron and caeruloplasmin.

PMID- 393731
TI  - Nickel feeding in nickel-sensitive patients with hand eczema.
AB  - Ten women with vesicular hand eczema and delayed hypersensitivity to nickel were
      given 0.5 mg nickel supplements to their diets. The double-blind controlled
      supplements were given on Monday and Tuesday of each week for at least 1 month.
      The nickel supplement was lower than that used in previous studies, and only one
      subject had reproducible flaring of her vesicular dermatitis. We conclude that
      dietary restriction of nickel is not warranted based on nickel supplement
      studies, but nickel's role in hand eczema could be clarified by depleting nickel
      from body stores with chelating agents.

PMID- 393732
TI  - Efficacy of mycophenolic acid for the treatment of psoriasis.
AB  - The efficacy of orally administered mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inhibitor of
      guanosine monophosphate (GMP) synthesis, for the treatment of psoriasis, was
      studied in a double-blind fashion. Of twenty-one patients completing the study
      period, ten of eleven patients treated with MPA had a greater than 25% decrease
      in severity score compared with only two of ten patients treated with placebo.
      The placebo group had a slight increase in severity score compared to almost 50%
      reduction in the average severity score of the MPA-treated group. After
      termination of the double-blind portion of the study, the placebo group was
      treated with MPA and showed a 60% decrease in severity score. Adverse effects
      encountered included anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. One patient had an
      uncomplicated episode of herpes zoster. Other than a mild decrease hemoglobin, no
      hematologic toxicity was noted.

PMID- 393733
TI  - American Indian adolescent socialization: a review of the literature.

PMID- 393734
TI  - Controlled comparison of progressive relaxation, stimulus control, and
      paradoxical intention therapies for insomnia.

PMID- 393736
TI  - Effects of meditation on psychological and physiological measures of anxiety.

PMID- 393737
TI  - Psychological considerations in dentistry: a survey of the literature.

PMID- 393735
TI  - Effects of Zen meditation on anxiety reduction and perceptual functioning.

PMID- 393738
TI  - [Orthodontics--review of the 1976 professional literature].

PMID- 393739
TI  - A functional impression technique for the unsuccessful mandibular denture.

PMID- 393740
TI  - [Objectives and principles of parallelism].

PMID- 393741
TI  - [Perhaps a simpler removable partial denture will render better service].

PMID- 393742
TI  - A review of the classification of malignant melanoma.

PMID- 393743
TI  - Behavior of pigment cells on lesions of the pigmented venus with vitiligo.

PMID- 393744
TI  - Plasma membrane ultrastructure of the human skin keratinocyte as observed by
      freeze-fracture electron microscopy.

PMID- 393745
TI  - A case of lichen amyloidosus with Riehl's melanosis-like lesion on the face: a
      histological and electron microscopic study of Civatte body and amyloid.

PMID- 393746
TI  - The morphology and time course of immune complexes injected into the skin of
      rabbits.

PMID- 393747
TI  - Multiple subcutaneous lipogranulomas associated with systemic lupus erythematosus
      like symptoms: an adjuvant disease of man?

PMID- 393748
TI  - Two sisters with guttate psoriasis responsive to tonsillectomy: case reports with
      HLA studies.

PMID- 393749
TI  - Dermal glycosaminoglycan concentration throughout hair growth cycle of rats.

PMID- 393750
TI  - In tribute to Addie L. Klotz, M.D., M.P.H.

PMID- 393751
TI  - Too many throat cultures?

PMID- 393773
TI  - Thallium as an industrial poison (review of literature).
AB  - The presented reports on cases of occupational thallium poisoning clearly
      demonstrate that the possibility of their occurrence in industrial plants is very
      real. The number of such intoxications is much higher than that of non-industrial
      poisonings, but this is predominantly due to the less pronounced clinical picture
      and to the fact that specific tests for thallium are not performed. As a result,
      these cases partly escape registration altogether and partly are wrongly
      diagnosed. Thallium and its compounds belong to the first class of poisons, their
      dangerousness being enhanced by their easy permeability through the skin.
      Industrial thallium poisoning can be either acute or chronic, but in all cases,
      it is characterized by a long duration and severity of its course. Strict
      hygienic demands on the organization of the technological process and the
      measures of protection of persons working with thallium are indispensable.
      Compulsory examination of the urine of those working with thallium for the
      presence of this substance should also be introduced.

PMID- 393753
TI  - Heterogeneous pituitary secretion in familial hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
AB  - Dynamic testing of the hypothalamic pituitary system in familial hypogonadotropic
      hypogonadism has suggested the possibility of a central nervous disorder
      associated with variable pituitary secretory secretion. In order to investigate
      this issue further 7 patients of two families were studied. Male patients
      exhibited two types of FSH responses to LHRH administration. Two patients had a
      small response, and the other exhibited a normal response. The LH response was
      absent or small in both male and female patients. One month therapy with daily
      injections of LHRH did not improve pituitary responsiveness to a second LHRH
      test. Estrogen treatment given to females during one month had no improvement
      effect on another LHRH test. Estradiol benzoate produced a surge in both LH and
      FSH in half of patients tested which is surprising in the presence of a previous
      clomiphene negative response. Two of four women had elevated prolactin levels
      which increased defectuously after metoclopramide administration which could
      suggest an abnormal hypothalamic status. On the basis of these results it seems
      that familial hypogonadotropism is originated by an abnormality at two levels,
      the anterior pituitary and the hypothalamus as well.

PMID- 393752
TI  - Immunoreactive alpha and beta subunits of follicle stimulating and luteinizing
      hormones in peripheral blood throughout the menstrual cycle and following
      stimulation with synthetic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH).
AB  - The concentration of immunoreactive alpha and beta subunits of human LH (hLH) and
      human FSH (hFSH) were measured in unfractionated serum throughout normal
      menstrual cycles, and when GnRH was administered at about midcycle. The RIA
      subunit systems employed were sufficiently sensitive and specific to measure
      basal levels of free alpha-hLH, beta-hLH, and alpha-hFSH. The beta-hFSH system
      lacked sufficient sensitivity to measure beta-hFSH in unfractionated serum. In
      normal cycles, alpha-hLH, beta-hLH and alpha-hFSH were shown to circulate in the
      free form with highest concentrations occurring at the time of midcycle peak of
      LH and FSH. The concentration of subunits during the follicular phase were not
      significantly different from those observed during the luteal phase of the cycle.
      In response to GnRH administration during the periovulatory phase of the cycle,
      the increases in circulating free alpha-hLH, beta-hLH, and of alpha-hFSH subunits
      were directly related to the increases in LH and FSH. Other investigators have
      shown that increases in circulating levels of free subunits are due to secretion
      from the pituitary gland rather than from peripheral dissociation of intact
      hormone. Therefore, it can be assumed that the increase in immunoreactive alpha
      hLH, beta-hLH, and of alpha-hFSH subunits observed in this study at midcycle
      represent release of free subunits in response to endogenous or exogenous GnRH
      administration.

PMID- 393774
TI  - Taxonomic position of Klebsiella atlantae and Klebsiella edwardsii.
AB  - The taxonomic position of two species of the genus Klebsiella (K. atlantae and K.
      edwardsii) is being introduced. 211 strains of different origin were studied: 80
      strains of K. pneumoniae, 46 strains of K. oxytoca, 50 strains of K. atlantae and
      35 strains of K. edwardsii. Sixty biochemical characteristics were determined 40
      of these pertaining to carbohydrate metabolism. It was discussed whether both are
      to be considered species or biotypes of another Klebsiella species, however, by
      determining citrate as carbon source, by MR test and by tests on malonate,
      gluconate, methyl-xyloside, 1 (--) sorbose, inulin, amylose, methyl-d-mannoside,
      glycogen, melezitose, VP test, amygdalin, d-tartrate and gas from glucose, we
      arrived at the conclusion that both could be considered species of the genus.
      These conclusions were confirmed by the determination of biotypes of both
      (according to C. Richard). Later, we expect to study their participation in human
      infective processes and their sensitivity by antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 393775
TI  - Experimental study of vaccines against Salmonella typhimurium infection.
AB  - Serological and protective activities of vaccines from S. typhimurium and S.
      minnesota were studied. It has been demonstrated that active protection against
      infection in experimental salmonellosis in mice can only be obtained by
      immunization of the animals using vaccines from complete antigenic complexes
      isolated from S-strains. It has been found that expressed anti-infection immunity
      (unlike anti-endotoxic immunity) is induced to the same extent by either high
      molecular components (2,000,000 daltons and more), showing great serological
      activity, or components with relatively low molecular weight (15,000--20,000
      daltons) and minimum serological activity. Vaccines from Ra- and Re-strains of S.
      minnesota do not induce resistance to S. typhimurium infection in mice in either
      active protection tests or passive protection tests.

PMID- 393776
TI  - Production of pyrogenic exotoxin by groups of streptococci: association with
      group A.
AB  - Several groups of streptococci were tested for production of pyrogenic exotoxins
      (SPE) with Ouchterlony immunodiffusion, a newly developed passive
      hemagglutination inhibition assay, and an assay for pyrogenicity and capacity to
      enhance lethal endotoxin shock. With use of these assays, 68 (91%) of 75 group A
      streptococcal strains were positive for one or more of SPE types A, B, and C;
      seven were negative for both the known SPE types and antigenically unrelated
      pyrogenic exotoxins. Group A strains producing both SPE B and C were the most
      common, and strains producing A alone or AB and AC together were the least
      common. All of 11 rheumatogenic group A streptococci elaborated SPE C either
      alone or together with one or both of SPE types A and B. The 10 nephritogenic
      strains tested were positive for SPE B; five were positive for B alone. In
      contrast to group A streptococci, non-group A strains (41 tested) did not produce
      the known SPE types, and 19 of 19 tested were negative for antigenically
      unrelated pyrogenic exotoxins. Group A strains from Holland, India, and Japan
      also elaborated SPE. Several group A streptococci used widely in laboratory
      experiments were tested for SPE types produced.

PMID- 393777
TI  - Human immunity to group B streptococci measured by indirect immunofluorescence:
      correlation with protection in chick embryos.
AB  - An indirect immunofluorescence (IF) assay has been developed as a useful
      semiquantitative method for determination of type-specific IgG antibody in human
      sera to the five serotypes of group B Streptococcus. Antibody titers measured by
      IF correlated with passive protection in chick embryos, and antibody titers
      associated with chick embryo protection were delineated. Except for types Ia and
      Ic, IF antibody to each of the streptococcal types was completely absorbed by
      homologous strains, and antibody titers were unchanged by incubation with
      heterologous bacteria. For types Ia and Ic, IF antibody was absorbed by either
      the Ia or the Ic strain and by native Ia carbohydrate antigen. Antibody titers
      measured by IF and chick embryo protection against types Ia and Ic were similar,
      but were divergent for Ib and Ic, a finding suggesting that antibody is
      predominantly directed to the major carbohydrate determinants. In addition, 29 of
      31 sera that had been tested in chick embryos yielded comparable results in mice
      against challenge with type Ia group B Streptococcus, a finding further
      validating the chick embryo assay. Sera from all of 43 mothers of infants
      infected with group B streptococci had antibody titers by IF that were less than
      titers associated with protection in chick embryos.

PMID- 393778
TI  - Prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women in Oregon.
AB  - Sera from 95,929 pregnant women were screened for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii
      with the indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) at a 1:64 dilution of the sera. An
      indirect fluorescent antibody-IgM specific test (IFA-IgM) was used on all sera
      found to have an IHA titer of greater than or equal to 1:256. From August 1973 to
      December 1976, 8.1% of pregnant women had IHA titers of greater than or equal to
      1:64. In addition, 129 (18.4%) of 700 pregnant women with IHA titers of greater
      than or equal to 1:256 had IFA-IgM titers of greater than or equal to 1:4. The
      IHA test was an acceptable test for mass screening of sera from pregnant women.
      In Oregon, one in every 200 women contracts toxoplasmosis during her pregnancy.

PMID- 393779
TI  - Prevalence of antibody to Legionella pneumophila in middle-aged and elderly
      Americans.
AB  - An indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test was used to establish the background
      prevalence of antibody to Legionella pneumophila in single serum specimens from
      1,143 persons. The serum specimens had been obtained from volunteers 46 years of
      age and older who were not acutely ill and who resided in the areas of Atlanta,
      Georgia; Washington, D.C.; Houston, Texas; and Rochester, New York. The overall
      prevalence of seropositivity (reciprocal titer, greater than or equal to 64) was
      1.7%. The prevalence of seropositivity did not vary with age, sex, or geographic
      location. Groups of persons in which the prevalence of reciprocal titers of
      greater than or equal to 64 is significantly higher than 1.7% may have unusually
      great exposure to L. pneumophila. In the population tested, a reciprocal IFA
      titer of greater than or equal to 64 would have a specificity of 98.3% in the
      diagnosis of an acute illness as Legonnnaires' disease.

PMID- 393780
TI  - Subtraction serum bactericidal assay: a method for estimating in vivo effects of
      antibiotic combinations.
AB  - The subtraction serum bactericidal assay has been developed to assess the effects
      of the individual components of antibiotic combinations in serum specimens from
      patients with serious bacterial infection. The technique can be performed easily
      with conventional microtiter technology, and the results compare favorably with
      those obtained by conventional in vitro determinations of the additive and
      synergistic activity of fixed antibiotic combinations against various
      Enterobacteriaceae. Three combinations of gentamicin and ampicillin were used,
      and synergistic or additive activity was demonstrated against each of the 11
      clinical isolates tested, but only with one or two of the antibiotic
      combinations. This finding suggests the clinical importance of a test that can
      determine the effects of the actual concentrations of individual antibiotics that
      are achieved in patients with serious infections that are being treated with
      antibiotic combinations.

PMID- 393781
TI  - [Design of "inverse substrates": a new approach for the chemical studies of
      hydrolytic enzymes (author's transl)].

PMID- 393782
TI  - [Clasp designing].

PMID- 393783
TI  - [An experimental study on the regeneration of the peripheral nerve--adaptation of
      the funiculus at the sutured site (author's transl)].
AB  - We consider it necessary to investigate the passage of axon through the sutured
      site, besides problems of misdirection, in order to understand the factors which
      affect the regeneration of the peripheral nerve. We performed the following
      experiments assuming that different situations occurring at sutured site is to be
      considered as mono-funiculus situation, and studied them mainly from the
      histological point of view. METHOD: Twenty-five adult hybrid dogs were used. We
      performed several different experiments, mentioned below, on the sciatic nerve,
      at about 3 cm below the greater trochanter with 9-0 monofilament nylon by
      microsurgical technique. The sciatic nerve was separated 4 cm away from the
      surrounding tissue, and only the peroneal nerve funiculus was isolated 2 cm away
      from the other funiculus and was cut at the center. Models of experiment. 1.
      Proper suture of both cut end...Optimum. 2. Suture by tension after excision of 1
      cm in length...Tension, 3. Suture by compression...Compression, 4. Suture by
      shifting both cut ends about 1/2 of their surface...Offset, 5. Suture by
      buckling...Buckling, 6. Suture with gap of 5 mm after excision of 5 mm in
      length...Gap. Five weeks and ten weeks after the operation, the nerves were
      examined electrophysiologically and histologically. The nerve was stimulated at
      about 1 cm proximal to the sutured site directly using needle electrode, and the
      most distal part was searched for, where the nerve action potential was recorded.
      For the histological study, the nerve was sectioned longitudinally and
      transversely. These specimens were stained by H. E., Holmes' (for the axon), and
      L. F. B. method (for the myelin sheath). The regeneration of the nerve was
      classified into four grades, according to the number and the size of the axon
      passing through the sutured site, namely poor, fair, good, excellent. RESULTS: 1)
      The offset of the funiculus at the sutured site is the most important factor
      which disturbs the regeneration of the axon. 2) The influence of about 5 mm gap
      is not so big for the regeneration of the axon, compared to the severe offset. 3)
      The moderate tension which can be produced by the ordinary microsurgical suture
      does not much influence the regeneration of the axon, and the compression at the
      sutured site has not much influence to the nerve regeneration as long as the
      adaptation is good.

PMID- 393784
TI  - [Experimental study on an artificial hip joint made of Al2O3 ceramics (author's
      transl)].
AB  - For the purpose of developing the ceramic artificial hip joint, we carried out
      biological and mechanical experiments. Tiny blocks of polycrystalline ceramic
      were inserted into the femurs of rabbits. Also, ceramic powder was injected into
      the knee joints of rabbits. Biological reaction were examined after varying
      intervals. It was proved, as a result, that ceramics have good affinity with
      living tissue. As a next step, wedge-shaped test pieces were inserted into the
      distal end of the femurs of dogs and tensile tests were carried out to
      investigate the degree of fixation of ceramic with bone. The result was that
      ceramic test pieces showed firmer fixation than those of metal. In the hip joints
      of five dogs, ceramic total hip prostheses for dogs were implanted. The dogs were
      autopsied after varying intervals and investigated histopathologically and
      scanning electron microscopically. Fixation of the socket and the prosthesis with
      the bone was superior to those made of metal and, moreover, virtually no wearing
      had taken place. However, the socket or prosthetic stems in four dogs were
      observed damaged in some parts. From the above mentioned, it is evident that when
      making ceramic total hip prostheses, we have to select ceramics of good quality
      and thicken their weightconcentrated parts by a device of its own design or use
      partly metal components coated with ceramic.

PMID- 393785
TI  - Xeromammography: historical and technical review.

PMID- 393787
TI  - Unstable diabetes. A review of the causes and some suggestions for management.

PMID- 393786
TI  - A clinical approach to the choice of antimicrobial usage, case number eight:
      Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia.

PMID- 393788
TI  - Butorphanol/acetaminophen double-blind study in postoperative pain.
AB  - An oral butorphanol/acetaminophen (4 mg/650 mg) combination product was evaluated
      for analgesic activity in 120 postoperative patients employing a double-blind
      experimental design. The combination product was significantly (p less than 0.05)
      superior to either butorphanol (4 mg) or acetaminophen (650 mg) as well as
      placebo. Except for acetaminophen which was only significantly different (p less
      than 0.05) from placebo at 2 hours according to pain relief, all other treatments
      were superior to placebo over the entire 4 hour observation period. The data
      demonstrate that butorphanol and acetaminophen have at least additive analgesic
      activity with a suggestion of synergism. A single tablet dose of the combination
      product (butorphanol 2 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg) was evaluated in a second study
      involving 60 patients and was significantly (p less than 0.05) superior to
      placebo. Both studies demonstrate that the butorphanol/acetaminophen combination
      product has potent analgesic activity with a minimal side effect profile.

PMID- 393790
TI  - Cerebrovascular circulatory disorders: new aspects of pathophysiology and
      therapy.
AB  - After reviewing new aspects in the pathophysiology of the poststenotic cerebral
      ischemia as the cause of the various syndromes of cerebrovascular disorders,
      therapeutic approaches are discussed. The fatal vicious cycle of the disturbances
      of the nutritive blood flow within the cerebral microcirculation can be
      interrupted by means of pentoxifylline. By amelioration of the disturbed flow
      properties of blood in the microcirculation due to improvement of red cell
      deformability and inhibition of platelet aggregation, oxygen supply is enhanced
      and more glucose offered. Membrane permeability and functions of the cells are
      normalized by the inhibitory action on edematous changes in the brain tissue and
      by removal of the mechanical obstacles of microcirculation. The disturbed
      cerebral metabolism is stimulated by enhancement of the energy-rich phosphates in
      the brain cells. The combined rheological, antiedematous and metabolic effects of
      pentoxifylline offer a complex therapy of cerebrovascular insufficiency.

PMID- 393789
TI  - Pentoxifylline -- a biomedical profile.
AB  - The therapeutical benefit of pentoxifylline (Trental) in vascular disorders and
      chronic diseases which provoke disturbances in nutritive microcirculation is
      reviewed. With its hemorheological activity, pentoxifylline offers a new approach
      to ameliorate impaired blood flow in affected microvasculature. This statement is
      given evidence by numerous experimental and clinical data which demonstrate
      efficacy in various indications, wuch as cerebrovascular insufficiency, senile
      organic brain syndrome, transient ischemic attacks, cerebral infarctus, ocular
      and otological circulatory disorders, peripheral angiopathies of
      arteriosclerotic, diabetic, or inflammatory origin with intermittent
      claudication, leg ulcers and other disturbances. In vitro and in vivo findings
      disclose that the efficacy is based on hemorheological effects, such as improving
      local hyperviscosity, hyperaggregability of red cells or platelets, erythrocyte
      fluidity and hypercoagulability resulting in a better oxygenation of affected
      tissues.

PMID- 393791
TI  - Clinical considerations and treatment of diabetic angiopathy.

PMID- 393792
TI  - Group adbeta hemolytic streptoccal in varicella.

PMID- 393794
TI  - Michael Abercrombie 14 August 1912 to 28 May 1979.

PMID- 393793
TI  - Mutational consequences of exposure to ethylene oxide.
AB  - Additional restrictions on exposure to ethylene oxide, an effective and widely
      used sterilant, have recently been proposed (EPA, 1978). Substantial amounts of
      evidence indicate that ethylene oxide is mutagenic. The data from sub-mammalian
      systems, including demonstrations of point and chromosomal mutations in bacterial
      and eukaryotic systems, and from a limited number of studies in mammalian systems
      are reviewed. The accumulated information, and its context of current guidelines
      for mutagen testing, are considered in terms of extrapolation to evaluation of
      potential risk to exposed humans. The available evidence does not appear
      sufficient to condemn ethylene oxide as a human mutagen at currently acceptable
      exposure levels.

PMID- 393795
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies on deoxyribonuclease from mouse teratocarcinoma cells
      during cell differentiation.
AB  - Specific anti-DNase-I IgG have been used to detect deoxyribonuclease in
      teratocarcinoma cells by an indirect immunofluorescence method. All the cells
      studied show fluorescence staining. However, the patterns are quite different in
      embryonal carcinoma cells (amorphous cytoplasmic fluorescence and absence of
      nuclear staining) as compared to differentiated cell lines (diffuse, bright
      granular nuclear and fibrillar cytoplasmic fluorescence). It is possible by this
      method to distinguish different cell types derived from the same origin.
      Deoxyribonuclease from teratocarcinoma cells can therefore be considered as a
      marker of cell differentiation in this system.

PMID- 393796
TI  - Mercury-induced loss of K+ from yeast cells investigated by electron probe x-ray
      microanalysis.
AB  - According to Passow & Rothstein (1960), the mercury-induced loss of K+ from yeast
      cells is an all-or-none effect. This hypothesis was tested by analysing
      individual yeast cells by means of energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. A dual
      effect of mercury was observed. The cell population was split into two parts: one
      part consisted of cells that had suffered a (nearly) complete loss of K+- the
      number of these cells increased with increasing concentrations of HgCl2; the
      other consisted of cells that had only lost part of their K+ content--these cells
      showed a normal distribution around a central value that decreased with
      increasing concentrations of HgCl2. Our analysis shows that the effect of mercury
      is more complex than originally suggested and that, in addition to an all-or-none
      effect, a gradual loss of K+ occurs.

PMID- 393797
TI  - Thermophilic and thermotolerant fungi in poultry droppings in Nigeria.
AB  - Ten species of fungi were obtained from poultry droppings in Nigeria. Six of
      these are true thermophiles while the other four are thermotolerant. Aspergillus
      fumigatus Fresenius, Mucor pusillus Lindt and Thermoascus aurantiacus Stolk are
      known human pathogens. Except for M. pusillus, all the thermotolerant species had
      a higher occurrence at 45 degrees C while the thermophilic varieties were readily
      obtained at 50 degrees C.

PMID- 393798
TI  - Generation time statistics of Escherichia coli B measured by synchronous culture
      techniques.
AB  - Synchronous cultures of Escherichia coli B were produced under various
      environmental conditions. Analysis of the cell number data permitted the
      characterization of the generation time distribution for these organisms and the
      estimation of the mother-daughter generation time correlation coefficients. For
      all growth conditions, the distribution of generation times was found to be
      symmetrical with a coefficienoefficient was significantly negative at doubling
      times between 40 and 64 min. However, the results for a culture growing in
      succinate medium at 37 degrees C, which had a significantly greater generation
      time, yielded a correlation coefficient close to zero. Within the range of
      temperatures studied (26 to 37 degrees C), no significant effect on the
      correlation coefficient was observed.

PMID- 393799
TI  - Interrelation of DNA replication, specific growth rate and growth temperature in
      the sensitivity of Escherichia coli to cold shock.
AB  - Escherichia coli W3110 was grown in a chemostat under conditions of carbon
      limitation at various temperatures and specific growth rates (mu). Exponential
      survivor-time curves following cold osmotic shock were biphasic. These could be
      described by the sum of two exponential functions representing the survival of
      sensitive and resistant fractions of the population where the size of the
      sensitive fraction was directly proportional to mu. Decimal reduction times for
      the more resistant fraction were unaffected by mu yet decreased with increasing
      growth temperature. Sensitivity to cold shock was evaluated for an E. coli CR34
      mutant, temperature-sensitive in initiation of DNA replication. When grown in the
      chemostat at the non-restrictive temperature (30 degrees C) sensitivity was
      directly proportional to mu. Following a rise in the incubation temperature to 42
      degrees C, sensitivity decreased markedly and reached a minimum 45 to 60 min
      after the temperature increase. Sensitivity of the E. coli mutant grown at 30
      degrees C and raised to 42 degrees C for 1 h was low and relatively unaffected by
      growth rate.

PMID- 393800
TI  - Anaerobic growth of Escherichia coli K12 with fumarate as terminal electron
      acceptor. Genetic studies with menaquinone and fluoroacetate-resistant mutants.
AB  - Fifteen independent menaquinone biosynthesis mutants (men) of Escherichia coli
      K12, selected for their inability to use fumarate as terminal electron acceptor,
      were investigated. Two nutritionally distinct groups were detected. The major
      group (13 mutants) responded to 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate (DHN), 2
      succinylbenzoate (SB) and its dilactone, whereas the minor group (2 mutants) only
      responded to DHN. DHN was at least five times more effective than SB  but it
      inhibited growth at concentrations greater than 10 microM. For anaerobic growth
      on glucose minimal medium the auxotrophs responded to much lower concentrations
      of DHN and SB and these intermediates could be replaced by uracil. Anaerobic
      growth tests showed that glycerol, formate and H2 are good substrates for E. coli
      when fumarate is the ultimate electron acceptor but growth with lactate or with
      fumarate alone is poor. All 15 men mutations were located between glpT and purF
      at approximately 49 min in the E. coli linkage map. Cotransduction frequencies
      with relevant markers were: nalA (21%), glpT (35%) and purF (15%). The presence
      of at least three genetically distinct classes (menC and menD, SB-requirers;
      menB, DHN-requirers) was indicated using abortive transduction as a
      complementation test and three-factor genetic analysis. The relative orientation
      nalA...menC-(D,B)...purF was indicated. Fluoroacetate-resistant mutants were
      isolated and four different classes were identified: ack, lacking acetate kinase;
      pta, lacking phosphotransacetylase; facA, lacking both of these activities; and
      facB, which retained both of these enzyme activities. Some of the pta mutants and
      all of the facA mutants failed to grow on media containing fumarate as terminal
      electron acceptor or anaerobically on glucose minimal medium. All four types had
      genetic lesions clustered between the men and purF sites. Average cotransduction
      frequencies with relevant markers were: nalA (4%), men (27 to 35%) and purF (71
      to 80%).

PMID- 393802
TI  - Allele specific and locus non-specific suppressors in Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - Using N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, ultraviolet irradiation, ethyl
      methanesulphonate or 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide mutagenesis and an enrichment
      method for the isolation of auxotrophs, 25 mutants with defects in the adA locus
      were obtained after screening 41,376 colonies. One of these, adA24, did not
      complement with any of the other adA mutants, had a very high reversion rate and
      had some other properties which usually characterize strains carrying nonsense
      mutations. All revertants of adA24 carried dominant suppressor mutations. A group
      of adA24 suppressors was tested for allele and locus specificity. They were found
      to suppress only some adA alleles, and at the same time, some mutations in the
      methG, methH, argB and proA loci. It is proposed that the allele specific and
      locus non-specific adenine suppressors are suppressors of nonsense mutations.

PMID- 393801
TI  - Effect of R plasmid RPI on the nutritional requirements of Escherichia coli in
      batch culture.
AB  - The minimal nutritional requirements of Escherichia coli have been quantitatively
      determined in batch culture for cells with (R+) and without (R-) the R plasmid
      RP1. In these conditions R+ cells have a greater requirement than R- for several
      nutrients, particularly Mg2+, K+, Fe2+ and PO43-. The maximum growth rate in a
      simple salts medium was the same for R+ and R- cells. At low concentrations of
      phosphate, the specific growth rate of R+ cells differed from that found for R-
      cells. The R plasmid was stable in simple salts medium, irrespective of the
      nutrient ultimately depleted by growth, but, on storage, R+ cells survived for a
      shorter time than R- cells.

PMID- 393803
TI  - Cysteine auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium which grow without cysteine in a
      hydrogen/carbon dioxide atmosphere.
AB  - Cysteine auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium mutated in cysB, cysI or cysJ grew
      with sulphate as a sulphur source when incubated under a hydrogen/carbon dioxide
      atmosphere. Yields obtained under these conditions were equivalent to those
      characteristic of wild-type S. typhimurium. The same mutants failed to grow with
      sulphate as a sulphur source when incubated aerobically. Auxotrophs mutated in
      cysA, cysC, cysD, cysE, cysG and cysH required cysteine for growth under both
      incubation conditions. The results suggest that mutations in cysB (regulation of
      the several cys operons) and also cysI and cysJ (sulphite reductase activity) can
      be circumvented during anaerobic growth under hydrogen.

PMID- 393804
TI  - Is the DNA of virus T7 methylated?
AB  - DNA modification of T7 wild type and of T7 M-mutants was studied by determining
      the percentage of 5-methylcytosine (5MC)/cytosine (C) and N6-aminopurine
      (6MA)/adenine (A) and by evaluating the plating efficiencies of restriction
      sensitive T7 M-mutants on modifying and non-modifying host strains. Only 0.03%
      adenine and 0.02% cytosine were methylated in the DNA of T7 wild type as well as
      in T7 M-mutants, which was independent of the host DNA methylation (30- to 50
      fold higher). The restriction of T7 M-mutants, determined from the plating
      efficiencies, was not altered on modifying or non-modifying hosts. These results
      indicate that host-specific modification is blocked during T7 development and
      that this is not due to the M-protein.

PMID- 393805
TI  - Nominations for the All-American Medical Hall of Fame.

PMID- 393806
TI  - Comparison of tricalcium phosphate and frozen allogenic bone implants in man.
AB  - As part of their treatment, eight patients with 47 infrabony pockets and
      horizontal bone defects had 29 tricalcium phosphate and 18 frozen allogenic bone
      implants placed. One year after surgery the sites were reentered. At the
      tricalcium phosphate implant sites the average amount of bone apposition was 1.2
      mm and pocket depth induction 1.8 mm; 38% of the pockets remained deeper than 3.0
      mm. At the allogenic bone sites the average amount of bone apposition was 1.5 mm
      and pocket depth reduction was 2.0 mm; 22% of the pockets remained deeper than
      3.0 mm. The implant materials were well tolerated and there were no complications
      during the period of the study. Though storage and handling of tricalcium
      phosphate was simpler, use of allogenic bone led to greater bone apposition and
      reduction in pocket depth.

PMID- 393807
TI  - A cementum-bound antigen: its reaction with serum antibody and localization, in
      situ.
AB  - The results which have been presented give clear evidence to the presence of an
      antigen(s) on the cementum of teeth exposed to a periodontal pocket, which is
      capable of reacting with human serum antibody. It was not possible to demonstrate
      human antibody reactivity against any components derived from the cementum of
      completely unexposed bony impacted teeth. Regardless of any speculations dealing
      with the character or origin of such antigens, their very presence would suggest
      they may have profound implications in the etiology and progression of the
      periodontal disease process.

PMID- 393808
TI  - The influence of extracellular calcium and sodium on calcium efflux from rat
      pancreatic islets [proceedings].

PMID- 393809
TI  - Did Helmont's 'latex' play a part in the development of our understanding of body
      fluids? [proceedings].

PMID- 393810
TI  - Regulation of adenylate cyclase by prostacyclin in a neuronal hybrid cell line
      [proceedings].

PMID- 393811
TI  - Localization of kallikrein in duct cells of submandibular gland in cat, dog,
      guinea-pig and man using immunocytochemical techniques [proceedings].

PMID- 393813
TI  - Late DR. R. G. Dhayagude, M.D. (1903-1954).

PMID- 393815
TI  - The fourth cervical vertebra of Charles I.

PMID- 393814
TI  - Baldwin Hamey Junior--ninth Registrar.

PMID- 393812
TI  - Myometrial prostacyclin synthesis--a new factor in pregnancy in the rat?
      [proceedings].

PMID- 393816
TI  - Sir James Kay-Shuttleworth and the Bronte interlude.

PMID- 393817
TI  - Publish and perish: a fatal medical controversy.

PMID- 393818
TI  - The dangerous voyage of Captain Thomas James, 1631-32.

PMID- 393819
TI  - [Electric current and high frequency wave heating processes (author's transl)].

PMID- 393820
TI  - [Methods available for measuring temperature (author's transl)].
AB  - Numerous techniques are in use in medicine for temperature determination either
      from thermal conduction phenomena, or from hot body radiations. These are
      essentially thermometry, radiometry and thermography. During attempts to treat
      cancer by hyperthermia, temperature knowledge, at the level of the target volume
      and the adjoining parts, is essential. These deep temperature measurements are
      yet a problem and certainly need new sensor technologies.

PMID- 393821
TI  - Balint, the doctor, and the fear of being unscientific.
AB  - The current debate on the contribution of Michael Balint's work to general
      practice has been initiated by Sowerby's (1977) lengthy critique.Sowerby's
      arguments, however, depend on one particular definition of science, simplify some
      complex issues, and have rigid and restrictive qualities. I give some examples to
      illustrate this.Secondly, Sowerby's definition of the science of psychology leads
      to an intellectual separatism which Balint sought to reduce. The alternative
      diagnosis of ;depressive illness' is neither more helpful nor precise.Finally,
      criticisms of Balint seminars which Sowerby perceives as dangerous are
      challenged. I argue that Balint's approach in verifying and refuting hypotheses
      in the face of prospective observations and evidence was truly scientific.

PMID- 393822
TI  - The leukocyte adherence inhibition assay in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
      and from control subjects were exposed to rheumatoid and osteoarthritic synovial
      membrane extracts. The number of nonadherent PBL in the presence of each extract
      was monitored in a test tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay. Six of 7
      rheumatoid synovial extracts produced significantly greater nonadherence values
      when RA leukocytes were used as the test cell (36 +/- 5) compared with values
      obtained when control leukocytes were used (-5 +/- 3). Preincubation of LAI
      reactive leukocytes from RA patients with the RA synovial extracts abrogated the
      positive response, whereas preincubation with the OA extract had no effect. These
      studies indicate that leukocytes from RA subjects respond to a greater degree to
      extracts derived from rheumatoid synovium than to extracts derived from
      osteoarthritic synovium and add further support to the concept that unique
      substances (putative neoantigens?) are present in RA synovium.

PMID- 393823
TI  - A comparative study of the knowledge, exposure, and attitude of speech
      pathologists, rehabilitation counselors, and social workers toward
      laryngectomized persons.

PMID- 393825
TI  - Fluorescence studies of the binding of a yeast tRNAPhe derivative to Escherichia
      coli ribosomes.

PMID- 393826
TI  - The distance between the anticodon loops of two tRNAs bound to the 70 S
      Escherichia coli ribosome.

PMID- 393824
TI  - Spectrin: present status of a putative cyto-skeletal protein of the red cell
      membrane.

PMID- 393827
TI  - An energy transfer equilibrium between two identical copies of a ribosome-bound
      fluorescent transfer RNA analogue: implications for the possible structure of
      codon-anticodon complexes.

PMID- 393829
TI  - Structures of complexes of 5S RNA with ribosomal proteins L5, L18 and L25 from
      Escherichia coli: identification of kethoxal-reactive sites on the 5S RNA.

PMID- 393828
TI  - Structure of 5 S ribosomal RNA from Escherichia coli: identification of kethoxal
      reactive sites in the A and B conformations.

PMID- 393830
TI  - Studied on gene control regions IX. The effect of hypoxanthine-substituted lac
      operators on the lac operator--lac repressor interaction.

PMID- 393831
TI  - Preliminary crystallographic data of receptors for transport and chemotaxis in
      Escherichia coli: D-galactose and maltose-binding proteins.

PMID- 393832
TI  - A mutation distal to the messenger RNA endpoint reduces transcription termination
      in the tryptophan operon in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 393833
TI  - The subunit interface of the Escherichia coli ribosome. Crosslinking of 30 S
      protein S9 to proteins of the 50 S subunit.

PMID- 393834
TI  - A study in evolution: the histidine utilization genes of enteric bacteria.

PMID- 393835
TI  - Miller appointed Howard's medical dean.

PMID- 393836
TI  - Mutagenicity of halogenated and oxygenated three-carbon compounds.
AB  - Four structurally related three-carbon compounds, known for their antifertility
      activity in the male, and the brominated derivatives of two of these compounds
      were tested for mutagenic activity by the Salmonella typhimurium test of Ames et
      al. In the presence of strain TA-100, a base-pair substituion detector strain,
      1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), was the most active compound tested but
      required enzymatic conversion by 59 microsomal preparation to an active mutagen.
      Three of these compounds containing an epoxide group-epichlorohydrin,
      epibromohydrin, and glycidol-were highly active direct mutagens, not requiring 59
      for activation, alpha-Chlorohydrin was the least active compound tested; alpha
      bromohydrin was 40 times more active than its chlorinated analog. Epibromohydrin
      was only slightly more active than epichlorohydrin, but both were highly active.
      With both of the halogenated epoxides, 59 preparation caused a substantial
      decrease in mutagenic activity at every concentration tested. All six compounds
      showed dose-related responsiveness for the base-pair substitution detector
      strains used. However, they were relatively inactive against the frameshift
      detector strain of S. typhimurium, TA-98. Glycerol, propylene glycol, and n
      propanol, which are also three-carbon compounds containing one or more hydroxy
      groups, were inactive when trested at high concentrations with strain TA-100.

PMID- 393838
TI  - Smallpox vaccination.

PMID- 393839
TI  - Lymphomatoid granulomatosis of the larynx in a renal transplant recipient.
AB  - This is a case of lymphomatoid granulomatosis in a renal transplant patient,
      which presented as an ulcerating pharyngeal lesion and caused death by
      exsanguination from carotid artery erosion. The diagnosis was established at
      limited necropsy on the basis of a characteristic vaso-infiltrative and atypical
      lymphoreticular infiltration as defined by Liebow, et al, in 1972. As far as can
      be ascertained, this is the second reported case of lymphomatoid granulomatosis
      in an immunosuppressed patient and also is a presumed localized extrapulmonary
      form of this disorder which has recently been reported. The striking histologic
      similarities to midline malignant reticulosis are discussed.

PMID- 393837
TI  - Serum immunoglobulin concentrations, malarial and schistosomal antibodies in
      patients with massive splenomegaly in Malawi.
AB  - Serum immunoglobulin concentrations, malarial antibodies and schistosomal
      antibodies were measured in 33 patients with a provisional diagnosis of
      schistosomal splenomegaly, 16 with TSS of presumed malarial aetiology and in 52
      controls. IgG and IgM were higher in both splenomegaly groups than in the
      controls and IgG was significantly higher in patients with schistosomal
      splenomegaly than in TSS. Although a very high IgM was found more often in the
      TSS group, there was no significant difference between the mean IgM levels in the
      two splenomegaly groups. The mean antischistosomal antibody titres were
      significantly higher in the schistosomal group than in those with TSS but there
      was no difference in the antimalarial antibody titres. These results emphasise
      the problems of diagnosis of gross splenomegaly in areas where schistosomiasis
      and malaria coexist.

PMID- 393840
TI  - Influence of light on coliform mortality rates in fresh water and sea water.

PMID- 393841
TI  - Synergistic effects for irradiation of fecal coliforms.

PMID- 393843
TI  - [Plasma glucose and insulin levels during epidural anesthesia (author's transl)].

PMID- 393842
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Wasaburo Maeda].

PMID- 393844
TI  - [Pancreatic alpha- and beta-cell function during simple deep hypothermia
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 393845
TI  - [Laboratory and clinical studies on cefuroxime (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors have carried out the laboratory and clinical studies of cefuroxime
      (CXM). The results were as follows: The sensitivity was measured by plate
      dilution method on 26 strains of S. aureus, 22 strains of E. coli and 24 strains
      of K. pneumoniae isolated from patients. The distribution of sensitivity of S.
      aureus was 0.78 approximately 3.13 micrograms/ml and the peak of distribution was
      1.56 micrograms/ml. The distribution of sensitivity of E. coli was 1.56
      approximately 50 micrograms/ml and the peak was 6.25 micrograms/ml. The growth of
      79.2% K. pneumoniae was inhibited in concentration of less than 3.13
      micrograms/ml. CXM was given intravenously for 30 minutes at a single dose of 20
      mg/kg to 3 children. The serum mean levels of CXM were 99.0 +/- 10.6
      micrograms/ml at 30 minutes, 18.0 +/- 10.7 micrograms/ml at 1 hour, 7.0 +/- 2.0,
      2.2 +/- 0.6, 0.79 +/- 0.2 microgram/ml at 2, 4 and 6 hours after drip infusion
      for 30 minutes, respectively. Mean half life was 48 minutes. The mean urinary
      recovery rate was 96.2% up to 8 hours after administration. CXM was effective in
      9 of 10 cases of bacterial infections. No side effect was observed except for 1
      case with elevation of serum transaminase.

PMID- 393846
TI  - [Fundamental and clinical studies on cefuroxime in children (author's transl)].

PMID- 393848
TI  - [Japanese literature on antibiotics. CLXXXVI].

PMID- 393847
TI  - [Clinical experience of cefadroxil (BL-S 578) (author's transl)].

PMID- 393849
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CLX.

PMID- 393850
TI  - [Antimycotic activity of econazole nitrate and its related compounds (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 393851
TI  - [Intracardiac induction electrocardiogram. Atrioventricular conduction].

PMID- 393852
TI  - [Intracardiac induction electrocardiogram. Transmyocardial impulse transmission
      by specific myocardial systems].

PMID- 393853
TI  - [Approaches as to the so-called inverse problems].

PMID- 393854
TI  - [Long-term electrocardiographic recorder and its performance].

PMID- 393855
TI  - [Ultrastructural studies of the cell membrane].

PMID- 393856
TI  - [Basic structure of biomembranes and functional proteins].

PMID- 393857
TI  - [Synthesis and metabolism of the cell membrane in kidney tubules].

PMID- 393858
TI  - [Substance bound to the cell membrane--lectins].

PMID- 393859
TI  - [Membrane excitation and the structure of ion channel specific to sub-synaptic
      membranes].

PMID- 393860
TI  - [Contact inhibition and neoplastic transformation].

PMID- 393861
TI  - [Complement and biological membrane].

PMID- 393862
TI  - [Mechanism of hemolysis].

PMID- 393863
TI  - [Immune complex and nephritis].

PMID- 393864
TI  - [Antibiotics which destroy membrane structures].

PMID- 393865
TI  - [Stoichiometry of cholinergic synaptic vesicles].

PMID- 393866
TI  - [Effects of prostaglandins and blockaders].

PMID- 393868
TI  - [Idiopathic edema--etiology, management, and diuretic effects of SQ 14225
      (Captopril)].

PMID- 393869
TI  - [History of bacteriology in Japan (33)].

PMID- 393867
TI  - [Heparin, coagulation and modification of immunologic reactions].

PMID- 393870
TI  - [The clinical experience and results of total body irradiation for the cases of
      refractory leukemia (author's transl)].

PMID- 393871
TI  - [The immunofluorescence study of gastrin producing cell in the intermediate zone
      of gastric mucosa. I. Its relationship to the atrophic border of atrophic
      gastritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 393872
TI  - [Negative feedback effect of insulin on the secretion of gastric inhibitory
      polypeptide (GIP) (author's transl)].

PMID- 393873
TI  - [Basic evaluation of the method for stimulation of renin secretion in the aged
      patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 393874
TI  - [Epidemiological approach to glucose intolerance (author's transl)].

PMID- 393875
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Iwao Ogawa].

PMID- 393876
TI  - [Progress of the industry and occupational health: Ceramic industry].

PMID- 393877
TI  - Deletion of mitochondrial genetic markers in yeast by ethidium and the
      photoaffinity probe, ethidium azide.
AB  - Induction of petite (cytoplasmic-respiration-deficient, rho-,rho-) mutations in
      yeast and deletion of mitochondrial drug-resistance genetic markers were compared
      after after treatment with ethidium and the corresponding photoaffinity probe,
      ethidium azide. Deletion of mitochondrial drug-resistance markers for
      chloramphenicol, erythromycin and oligomycin in these petite mutants was observed
      during prolonged treatment times with ethidium and with ethidium azide in the
      dark. A similar loss of drug-resistance markers was also observed in petites
      produced by photolytic treatment with the azide analogue, although the rate of
      loss appeared to be somewhat less. These results confirmed the usefulness of
      photoaffinity labeling with ethidium monoazide for studies of mitochondrial
      mutations.

PMID- 393878
TI  - [Glomerular complement components deposition on various renal diseases (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 393879
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Chigashi Suzuki].

PMID- 393880
TI  - [Inhalation therapy--a comparison of therapeutic effects of IPPB, air compressor
      and ultrasonic nebulizer (author's transl)].

PMID- 393881
TI  - [Effect of prostaglandins E1, E2, D2, F2 alpha and I2 on the canine airways and
      pulmonary vascular bed (author's transl)].

PMID- 393882
TI  - [Effects of phenoxybenzamine during the positive end-expiratory pressure
      breathing-hemodynamic and blood gas analysis (author's transl)].

PMID- 393883
TI  - [In Memoriam: Prof. Shigeru Sakakibara].

PMID- 393884
TI  - [Effects of graded increments in positive end-expiratory pressure ventilation on
      hemodynamics and blood gas changes following open heart surgery (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 393885
TI  - [Clinical study of total plasma volume, total body exchangeable sodium and plasma
      renin activity in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (author's transl)].

PMID- 393886
TI  - [A study on the identification of clinically significant mycobacteria (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 393887
TI  - [Claude Bernard's concept of the stability and regulation of the internal
      environment of the body - history and current views].

PMID- 393888
TI  - [Numerical method of calculation of the ventricular gradient].

PMID- 393889
TI  - [Evaluation of the hypotensive effect of atenolol].

PMID- 393890
TI  - Quartan malarial nephrotic syndrome in children.
AB  - Quartan malarial infection causes an immune complex nephritis in some
      individuals, which, once established, is sustained by mechanisms not yet fully
      explained, but which probably involve autoimmune processes. The presenting
      clinical and biochemical findings of the quartan malarial nephrotic syndrome are
      similar to those classically described for the nephrotic syndrome in childhood,
      but the renal pathology seen on light, electron, and immunofluorescent microscopy
      show striking differences and distinctive features. The disease tends to pursue a
      chronic course and in most patients is nonresponsive to treatment with
      antimalarial drugs, prednisolone, and immunosuppresive drugs. The overall
      prognosis is poor, with most patients developing hypertension and evidence of
      renal failure within 3 to 5 years of onset.

PMID- 393891
TI  - Renal filtration, transport, and metabolism of low-molecular-weight proteins: a
      review.

PMID- 393892
TI  - Pathophysiology of Tamm-Horsfall protein.
AB  - Tamm-Horsfall protein, a renal glycoprotein present in normal urine, is the
      primary constituent of urinary casts. Immunoelectron microscopy has shown that
      this protein is localized selectively along surface membranes of the thick
      ascending loop of Henle. In this surface membrane site, the unique aggregation
      and gel formation of Tamm-Horsfall protein in response to increasing
      concentrations of electrolytes within physiologic ranges may influence the
      permeability characteristics of this nephron segment. These aggregation
      characteristics also play a role in pathologic conditions and lead to the
      prolonged persistence of interstitial Tamm-Horsfall protein deposits in several
      tubulointerstitial diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated immunologic
      responses to this protein, including an immune complex tubulointerstitial
      nephritis in rats mediated by autoantibodies to Tamm-Horsfall protein.

PMID- 393894
TI  - Renal reabsorption and excretion of horseradish peroxidase.

PMID- 393893
TI  - Rapid and focal loss of negative charge associated with mononuclear cell
      infiltration early in nephrotoxic serum nephritis.

PMID- 393895
TI  - [Significance of echocardiography].

PMID- 393896
TI  - [Oral mucosolvin therapy of pulmonary symptoms of mucoviscidosis].

PMID- 393897
TI  - [Stanislav Iakovlevich Doletskii (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 393898
TI  - [Septic peritonitis in infants during the first 3 months of life].

PMID- 393899
TI  - [Homo- and brephoplasty in complex treatment of chronic hematogenic osteomyelitis
      in children].

PMID- 393900
TI  - [Alfred Bangerter on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 393901
TI  - [Keratoplasty and reconstruction of the anterior segment of the eye after severe
      ocular trauma (author's transl)].
AB  - Severe ocular trauma is frequently not limited to the cornea, but affects the
      entire anterior segment of the eye. This requires "reconstruction" of the
      anterior segment. The procedure is long and complicated, but it is definitely
      justified to attempt to restore and save some vision, espeically in one-eyed
      patients or when both eyes have been affected by the accident.

PMID- 393902
TI  - [G. B. Morgagni and his ophthalmology].

PMID- 393903
TI  - [On the technic of dacryocystorhinostomy (author's transl)].
AB  - A new simplified operative technique for dacryocystorhinostomy is presented. The
      modifications are compared with the methods of Toti, Ohm, Dupuy-Dutemps, Kaleff
      and Hollwich.

PMID- 393904
TI  - [Bertha Anna Klien].

PMID- 393905
TI  - Pulmonary capillary permeability to sodium in unilateral transplanted canine
      lungs.

PMID- 393906
TI  - The effectiveness of bacterial filtration in vented wound drains.

PMID- 393907
TI  - A kinetic model for interaction of regulatory proteins and RNA polymerase with
      the control region of the lac operon of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 393908
TI  - Arend Bouhuys.

PMID- 393910
TI  - Ghost story.

PMID- 393909
TI  - Biochemical evidence for internal proteolytic damage during isolation of type II
      alveolar epithelial cells.

PMID- 393911
TI  - Peter Mark Roget, M.D., F.R.S.

PMID- 393912
TI  - Developmental patterns of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenases in
      homogenates and subcellular fractions of rat liver.
AB  - Both alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and the two isoenzymes of aldehyde dehydrogenase
      (ALDH-I-NAD+ and ALDH-II-NAD+) were first detected in foetal rat liver about 5
      days before birth. All enzymes developed gradually and showed no abrupt increases
      in activity. The specific activities of ALDH-I-NAD+ and ALDH-II-NAD+ in the
      mitochondrial fractions, ALDH-II-NAD+ in the microsomal fractions and ADH in
      liver homogenates all produced a major percentage of the adult activity within a
      month, whereas the total activities increased over a longer part of the
      developmental period.

PMID- 393913
TI  - [Homage to Jacques Caroli. Physician of St-Antoine Hospital, Paris].

PMID- 393914
TI  - [Aphorisms of medico-surgical diagnosis of obstructive jaundice].

PMID- 393915
TI  - [Intrahepatic cholestasis].

PMID- 393916
TI  - [Severe icterus].

PMID- 393917
TI  - [Chronic icterus].

PMID- 393918
TI  - [The disorder of BSP plasma clearance during Dubin-Johnson icterus].

PMID- 393919
TI  - [Development of the treatment of cirrhotic ascites].

PMID- 393920
TI  - [Budd-Chiari syndrome. 30 years of diagnostic and therapeutic progress].

PMID- 393921
TI  - [Malabsorption of vitamin B12. Clinical study of 75 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 393922
TI  - Prophylaxis of thromboembolic disease.

PMID- 393923
TI  - [Natural family planning in the past and present].

PMID- 393924
TI  - [Ocular side-effects in peroral treatment with anticholinergic agents].

PMID- 393925
TI  - [Notes from the homeland of geriatrics: basic training and curriculum for the
      gerontologist, close cooperation with the general practitioner].

PMID- 393926
TI  - [Organization and development of ambulance service in Sweden].

PMID- 393927
TI  - [Medico-surgical chronicle of Lille during the Revolution and the Empire].

PMID- 393928
TI  - Failure of beta-endorphin antiserum, naloxone, and naltrexone to alter
      physiologic growth hormone and insulin secretion.

PMID- 393929
TI  - The effects of the hypocholesteremic compound 3 beta-(beta-dimethylaminoethoxy)
      androst-5-en-17-one on the sterol and steryl ester composition of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - When yeast was grown in the presence of 10(-4) M 3 beta-(beta
      dimethylaminoethoxy)-androst-5-en-17-one (DMAE-DHA), the compound 2,3;22,23
      dioxidosqualene (DOS) accumulated. Total free sterol was reduced by about 30%,
      whereas almost no steryl esters were found. The same drug at lower concentration
      (3 x 10(-6) M) caused a slight increase in steryl ester production, and a 24%
      reduction in free sterol content. The marked accumulation of ergostra
      5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3 beta-ol with 3 x 10(-6) M DMAE-DHA indicated that the C24
      28 reductase is especially sensitive to the action of the drug.

PMID- 393930
TI  - The effect of training: physiological responses.

PMID- 393931
TI  - Current status and prospects for post coronary exercise multicentre studies.

PMID- 393932
TI  - [Eugene Jamot: the man (1879-1937)].

PMID- 393934
TI  - [Chronological list of Eugene Jamot's publications].

PMID- 393933
TI  - [Eugene Jamot: his work].

PMID- 393935
TI  - [References to Eugene Jamot and his work].

PMID- 393936
TI  - [Epidemiological study of onchocerciasis and malaria in Bamendjin dam area
      (Cameroon). Malacologic fauna and risks of schistosomian introduction (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Report of survey in Bamendjin dam area indicates that 25 p. 100 of the population
      have a blood smear positive for malaria (P. falciparum) and 80 p. 100 have a
      positive indirect immunofluorescent test for malaria. The vector is A. funestus.
      In male inhabitants 23,2 p. 100 of the snip-biopsies are positive for O. volvulus
      and 40 p. 100 of the indirect immunofluorescent test are positive. In female
      inhabitants the respective ratios are 14,4 p. 100 and 48,8 p. 100. There is no
      urinary or intestinal schistosomiasis in this area but specimens of potential
      vectors have been detected.

PMID- 393938
TI  - [Evaluation of two methods for detecting HBS antigen in serum (author's transl)].
AB  - Two methods of third generation are described: the inverse passive agglutination
      test and the immunoenzymologic method of the ELISA test. From 500 serum tests, it
      is suggested that ELISA test has a sensibility of 5,2 p. 100 superior to that of
      the inverse passive agglutination test which, in addition gives 1 p. 100 of false
      positive results. It must be noted that the ELISA test requires a very careful
      technical skill.

PMID- 393937
TI  - [Immunoenzymatic diagnosis (ELISA) of human African trypanosomiasis. (A
      comparative study of several antigens) (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparative study, by ELISA, of purified exoantigen and of five crude antigenic
      extracts from several strains of T.b. gambiense and T.b. brucei has shown a wide
      range of results. The best sensitivity is obtained with virulent strains from
      human origin. For more accuracy, an association of such antigens would be
      preferable.

PMID- 393939
TI  - [Parenteral Rohypnol, the benzodiazepine for anesthesiology].

PMID- 393940
TI  - [Alival in general practice. Report on a field study].

PMID- 393941
TI  - [Early diagnosis of breast neoplasms].

PMID- 393942
TI  - [The importance of the placenta for the fetal oxygen supply].

PMID- 393943
TI  - [Sleep disorders in internal diseases and their treatment].

PMID- 393944
TI  - [Central nervous system involvement in parasitic tropical diseases].

PMID- 393945
TI  - [In memoriam--Ernst Derra].

PMID- 393946
TI  - [Antibiotics combination cefradin-tobramycin for the treatment of severe
      infections in trauma surgery].

PMID- 393947
TI  - [Dr. Raul M. E. Carrea 1917-1978].

PMID- 393948
TI  - [Heredity in the prevalence of arterial hypertension. Its relation to plasma
      renin activity and noradrenaline excretion].

PMID- 393949
TI  - [Nephrotic syndrome of preeclampsia].

PMID- 393950
TI  - [Lectin receptors on the surface of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes].

PMID- 393951
TI  - [Abscessed myocardial infarct].

PMID- 393952
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of the region required for maintenance of colicin E1 plasmid.
AB  - Plasmids carrying various portions of colicin E1 plasmid (ColE1) DNA have been
      isolated in an attempt to determine the regions of ColE1 DNA which are required
      for maintenance of the plasmid in bacteria. To construct the plasmids, the DNA of
      a ColE1 derivative that contains a gene which controls ampicillin resistance was
      cleaved by the restriction endonuclease HaeII. The digestion products were joined
      by T4 DNA ligase and then used to transform bacteria to ampicillin resistance.
      The plasmid derivatives obtained in this way were always composed of certain
      HaeII segments. These contain approximately 10% of the ColE1 genome and include
      the origin of replication of ColE1. We presume that the region of ColE1 which is
      common to all these derivatives is required for maintenance of the plasmid. After
      a description of these results, the nucleotide sequence of this region is
      presented, and possible roles of the region in plasmid replication and
      maintenance are discussed.

PMID- 393954
TI  - Some properties of the chloramphenicol resistance transposon Tn9.
AB  - We have isolated variants of the plasmid RTF which have received the transposon
      Tn9 from bacteriophage P1Cm. We have shown by the formation of heteroduplex
      molecules between one RTF:Tn9 derivative and R100.1 that Tn9 is homologous to the
      r-determinant region of R100.1 which carries the determinants for chloramphenicol
      resistance. This suggests that Tn9 was derived from an r-det like structure by
      deletion, possibly mediated by one of the flanking IS1 elements. In spite of the
      similarity in structure between Tn9 and r-det however, we have demonstrated two
      distinct differences in the behavior of these two elements: 1) Tn9 but not r-det,
      is able to amplify, by a recA dependent mechanism, when cells harboring RTF::Tn9
      are grown in the presence of chloramphenicol, and 2) Tn9, unlike r-det, does not
      form extrachromosomal circular molecules when RTF::Tn9 is tegrated into the
      bacterial chromosome.

PMID- 393953
TI  - The DNA-protein relaxation complex of the plasmid RK2: location of the site
      specific nick in the region of the proposed origin of transfer.
AB  - The broad jost range plasmid, RK2, has been isolated as a DNA-protein relaxation
      complex. Nicking of the plasmid DNA in the relaxation complex occurs at a single
      specific site (rlx) located approximately 20 kb away from the origin of DNA
      replication. A cis-acting function required for plasmid transfer, the presumptive
      origin of transfer, maps in the same region as rlx. The region of RK2
      encompassing rlx has been cloned onto pBR322 and shown to promote mobilization of
      the hybrid plasmid by an RK2 derivative. These results indicate that the RK2
      relaxation complex nicks at or near the origin of transfer of the RK2 plasmid.

PMID- 393955
TI  - IS2-61 and IS2-611 arise by illegitimate recombination from IS2-6.
AB  - A more stable derivative of IS2-6 has been isolated, which had lost 54 bp of the
      108 bp long insert characteristic of IS2-6. This new allele of IS2, IS2-61,
      segregates the remaining 54 bp to yield allele IS2-611. DNA sequence analysis
      shows that the segregation products of IS2-6 arise by recA-independent,
      illegitimate recombination at 9 bp long direct sequence repetitions.

PMID- 393957
TI  - Lipid composition and polyene antibiotic sensitivity in isolates of Candida
      albicans.
AB  - When Candida albicans cells were grown on hydroquinone (Hy cells) or ascorbic
      acid (As cells) supplemented media, they exhibited a 26% rise and 16% drop in
      ergosterol content, respectively. C. albicans cells manifested a gradual increase
      in total lipid levels, when they were grown on n-alkanes of different chain
      lengths. The magnitude of the nystatin effect (in terms of proline uptake and K+
      efflux) was more pronounced in cells having more ergosterol (Hy cells) compared
      with the cells having low levels of ergosterol (As cells), suggesting a
      correlation between nystatin sensitivity and ergosterol content of the C.
      albicans cells. However, such correlation could not be demonstrated in alkane
      grown cells where levels of different lipids were variable. Results demonstrated
      that several other lipids besides sterol may also influence the polyene
      antibiotic sensitivity in C. albicans cells.

PMID- 393956
TI  - DNA repair in Proteus mirabilis. VI. Plasmid (R46-) mediated recovery and UV
      mutagenesis.
AB  - The expression of plasmid R46-mediated recovery and mutagenic function (s) was
      studied in P. mirabilis, which is normally either weakly or non-mutable after UV
      exposure. The plasmid was found to confer on P. mirabilis enhanced UV resistance
      as well as UV-induced mutability for various types of forward mutations and
      reversion of the thr273 mutation. The plasmid enhanced survival of UV-irradiated
      phages in P. mirabilis both in unirradiated host cells and with increased
      efficiency after UV-exposure of host cells, as is characteristic of UV-inducible
      phage reactivation. Spontaneous mutability of P. mirabilis harboring R46 was
      about 2 to 7 times higher than that of cells without plasmid, depending on the
      marker, repair type, and plating density of the cells used. All of these R46
      mediated rescue and mutagenic functions require the rec672 + gene function. It is
      assumed that the plasmid R46 adds functions to P. mirabilis comparable to those
      deficient in umuC and uvm mutants of E. coli (Kato and Shinoura, 1977; Steinborn,
      1978) and that P. mirabilis possesses functions homologous to those controlled in
      E. coli by the recA + and lexA + genes. The significance of plasmid-mediated
      rescue and mutagenic functions for bacteria which lack the misrepair branch of
      mutagenesis, is discussed.

PMID- 393958
TI  - Environmental factors influencing nitrate respiration in Escherichia coli K12 and
      Rhizobium trifolii.
AB  - The nitrate respiratory systems of both the facultative anaerobe Escherichia coli
      K12 strain W3350 and the aerobe Rhizobium trifolii strain T1 are regulated in a
      similar manner by a complex set of interactions involving H2, N2, CO2, glucose
      and nitrate. In addition, the nitrate respiratory system of strain T1 can be
      regulated by chlorate. A possible mechanism is presented to illustrate how these
      complex interactions might take place.

PMID- 393959
TI  - A modification of the polyethylene glycol technique for the purification of small
      quantities of tobacco mosaic virus.
AB  - An adaptation of the polyethylene glycol method for the purification of tobacco
      mosaic virus (sunnhemp strain) from small (2 g) samples of French bean lamina is
      described. The virus can be precipitated from 1-2 ml of clarified sap by the
      addition of an equal volume of 8% polyethylene glycol 6000 (w/v) (PEG), and
      pelleted by centrifugation for 10 min at 1,8000 x g. Details are given of tests
      which establish that the purity and quality of the virus obtained by the small
      scale method are as good as those achieved by the established large-scale method.
      Even with very low virus titres, the small-scale method effectively precipitates
      total tobacco mosaic virus nucleoprotein without substantial loss of infectivity.
      The results are reproducible and in a relatively short time it is possible to
      purify the virus from large numbers of replicate samples.

PMID- 393960
TI  - Growth and survival studies of psychrophilic and mesophilic yeasts.
AB  - The effect of temperature on the growth of members of five genera of yeasts was
      studied in one glucose-containing and two glucose-free media. The maximum growth
      rate was seen in the glucose-containing medium, and the minimum growth was in
      either of the two glucose-free media depending upon the organism. Data obtained
      by optical density measurements was supported by total cell counts. The highest
      survival at the restrictive temperatures was within 5 degrees C of the optimum
      temperature for a particular organism. Among the temperatures other than the
      optimum, the highest growth rate and cell yield was obtained at a temperature 5
      degrees C below or above the optimum.

PMID- 393961
TI  - Purification and properties of a protein surface antigen of Streptococcus
      mutants.
AB  - A protein, designated antigen III, was extracted from cells and culture
      supernatant of Streptococcus mutans serotype c, and purified by ammonium sulphate
      precipitation followed by chromatography on anion-exchanged and gel filtration
      columns. Monospecific antisera were raised by injecting purified antigen III in
      rabbits. Antigen III prepared from cells and supernatants appeared identical by
      reaction with antisera and were of similar chemical composition and physico
      chemical properties. Antigen III was resistant to most proteolytic enzymes, but
      pepsin digestion decreased its molecular weight from 44,000 to 24,000 without
      destroying antigenic activity. Immunofluorescence showed that antigen III was
      located at or near the cell surface of S. mutans serotypes b, c, e and f.

PMID- 393962
TI  - [A modification of microglia impregnation (author's transl)].
AB  - A modification of the Weil and Davenport (1933) silver carbonate method for
      microglia impregnation is described. Formalin-dextran-CaCl2 solution was used as
      a fixation solution. The technique is simple, reproducible and improved. The
      staining method includes the demonstration of as well resting as progressive
      microglia.

PMID- 393963
TI  - Identification of beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from hospitalized children
      in Baghdad.
AB  - Two hundred and twenty four hospitalized children in Baghdad aged between 1 month
      and 10 years were examined for Streptococcal infections. Thirty-four percent of
      the throat and saliva specimens were positive for beta-hemolytic streptococci.
      Males were more susceptible to infection with group A streptococci than females.
      Streptococcus of group A was isolated from 39.5% of the positive cases while
      group G was 47.4%. The etiological significance of the latter group in
      tonsillitis and otitis media is to be further investigated. Ninety six percent of
      the isolated streptococci were T typable and 13.3% of the strains were M typable.
      A high frequency of type T-11 was found in streptococcal infections. T type 3875
      was found to be a new provisional type. All isolates were M untypable, and
      antiopacity factor negative except for two isolates of T type 4 which were
      positive in both typings.

PMID- 393964
TI  - "Pseudolysogenization" by RNA phage Q beta.
AB  - We isolated fairly stable lysogenic-like bacteria from a lysogenic state
      established between an amber mutant for the maturation protein gene of RNA phage
      Q beta (Q beta am 205) and its nonpermissive host BE110. These bacteria contained
      few mature phages intracellularly (less than 10(-3) plaque forming unit per
      cell), continued to grow with a potentiality to produce Q beta am 205
      spontaneously, and showed an immunity-like response against homologous phage
      infection. These characteristics were maintained by growth in liquid medium
      containing anti-Q beta serum. We designated these cells as pseudolysogenic
      bacteria. The relative amounts of RNA genomes in these pseudolysogenic cells
      (about 10(2) infectious RNA strands per cell) indicated that the RNA genomes
      could replicate in nonpermissive cells and be distributed in daughter cells
      synchronizing well with cell division.

PMID- 393965
TI  - Immunological properties of heat-killed thermophilic bacteria.

PMID- 393966
TI  - [Biological properties of the O-antigens of Escherichia coli serogroup 020].

PMID- 393967
TI  - [Enzymolysis of the acidic hydrolysates of plant residues].

PMID- 393968
TI  - [Effect of norsulfazole on the fatty acid makeup of enterobacteria].

PMID- 393969
TI  - [Interaction of the influenza virus and Streptococcus in chick embryos].

PMID- 393970
TI  - [Fine structure of the fungal cell].

PMID- 393971
TI  - [Method of preserving bacterial cultures under laboratory conditions].

PMID- 393972
TI  - [Search for life on Mars].
AB  - The paper presents the data about the catalytic activity of several minerals from
      the Martian ground and of some laboratory analogues of the planet ground. It has
      been shown that it is possible to obtain unambigious data about life on Mars by
      using such methodological approaches which are based on biological principles of
      the determination of living matter. Microbiological methods for detection of
      extraterrestrial life should be preferred in future over biogeochemical methods
      which were used by the Viking stations.

PMID- 393973
TI  - [D. R. Porter (1909-1979)].

PMID- 393974
TI  - [Isolation of the intracellular lipase of Serratia marcescens].
AB  - Various methods have been tested in order to isolate endolipase from the cells of
      Serratia marcescens 345: cell disintegration by ultrasound and French press as
      well as incubation of the cellular suspension with sodium salts of bile acids.
      The combined effect of ultrasound and these salts on the cellular suspension of
      S. marcescens 345 was also studied. The highest lipolytic activity was found in
      the supernatant obtained upon incubation of the cells with sodium cholate at a
      concentration of 0.8% for 30 min.

PMID- 393976
TI  - Regression of cancer of the rectum after intensive meditation.

PMID- 393975
TI  - Local production of antisperm antibodies in infertile women.
AB  - The presence and significance of locally produced antisperm antibody in 20 well
      documented infertile patients has been investigated. Sera and vaginal washings
      both from patients and from fertile controls were examined for antisperm antibody
      by means of four methods. Antisperm antibody was detected in 25% of the washings
      taken from infertile patients, but in none of those from fertile women. Detection
      of antibody by the microimmobilization technique discriminated best between
      infertile and fertile women both in serum (P=0.0166) and in washings (P=0.0166).
      The results of this study support the concept that locally produced antisperm
      antibody contributes to conception failure in a subgroup of infertile women, and
      that the routine study both of sera and of vaginal washings of infertile patients
      has practical value.

PMID- 393977
TI  - Controlled clinical trial of oral hexoprenaline in bronchial asthma.

PMID- 393978
TI  - The sesquicentenary of the biologist Lamarck: the first of the modern
      evolutionists.

PMID- 393979
TI  - James Bruce Johnston.

PMID- 393980
TI  - Stuart Allen.

PMID- 393982
TI  - Charles Daubeny Bateman.

PMID- 393981
TI  - Donald Augustus Dowling.

PMID- 393983
TI  - Robin Brett Charlton.

PMID- 393984
TI  - Evaluation of three serological tests for the diagnosis of hydatid disease.
AB  - A number of techniques is used for the serological diagnosis of hydatid disease;
      however previous investigations suggest variable degrees or reliability for each
      test. This study reports an evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of
      three commonly used serological tests for hydatid disease; complement fixation
      (CF), haemagglutination (HA) and the fluorescent antibody (FA) techniques. The
      results of these serological tests are compared in a series of specimens from 116
      hospital patients, 21 of whom were confirmed surgically as having hydatid
      disease. A similar high degree of sensitivity was found for each of the three
      serological tests examined. The CF and HA tests gave negative results in two
      patients with confirmed hydatid disease, and the result of the FA test was
      negative in only one patient. The HA test was the most specific with no false
      positive reactions, but only two false positive reactions occurred with the FA
      test. The CF test was the least specific as the reaction was positive in nine
      patients without hydatid disease. When the results of both FA and HA tests were
      considered together, all 21 cases of hydatid disease were detected and false
      positive reactions occurred in only two patients.

PMID- 393985
TI  - Guido Fanconi.

PMID- 393986
TI  - Diet and coronary heart disease: NHF review.

PMID- 393987
TI  - Corneal transplants and rabies.

PMID- 393988
TI  - Hyperthermia. A modality of cancer therapy.

PMID- 393989
TI  - Dr. Ellis Fischel.

PMID- 393990
TI  - Ellis Fischel State Cancer Hospital after 40 years.

PMID- 393991
TI  - Radiation oncology at Ellis Fischel State Cancer Hospital.

PMID- 393992
TI  - The biochemistry and in vitro activity of soluble factors of activated
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Activated lymphocytes release numerous products which are either synthesized de
      novo or in increased amounts; some of these products play a role in the
      regulation of the immune response and are designated as mediators of cellular
      immune reactions or lymphokines. The first lymphokine described was the
      macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) which has been studied most
      extensively with regard to its chemical and biological properties. Using
      sensitive radiolabelling techniques and an antiserum against highly purified
      fractions of MIF we were able to identify several products of activated guinea
      pig lymphocytes with different molecular weights of 15.000, 30.000, 45.000,
      60.000 which all had an isoelectric point of 5.2 and were all inhibitory to
      macrophage migration. It is suggested, that these molecules are oligomers of a
      common subunit of molecular weight 15.000. It was further shown, that molecules
      of the same physical-chemical and serological characteristics are produced by
      activated B-cells, L2C leukemia cells and growing fibroblasts, thus further
      substantiating earlier reports on the production of MIF by lymphoid and non
      lymphoid cells. The described molecules were also shown not to contain
      determinants of the major histocompatibility complex and to be distinct from
      lymphotoxin, another lymphocyte activation product. It is concluded, that MIF is
      not a single molecule but rather a system of structurally related molecules.
      Their interaction with macrophages and possible relationships to macrophage
      activating factor is discussed.

PMID- 393993
TI  - Fatty acid alpha-hydroxylation and its relation to myelination.
AB  - alpha-Hydroxylation is an enzymatic reaction by which long-chain fatty acids are
      converted to their alpha-hydroxy derivatives. This reaction, in animals, can be
      detected only in developing brain and is the rate-determining step in the
      synthesis of hydroxycerebroside, which is an indispensable and abundant myelin
      lipid. In addition to a particulate fraction from brain, two cytoplasmic factors,
      one heat-stable and the other heat-labile, are required for alpha-hydroxylation.
      During the past eight years we have been investigating alpha-hydroxylation. Our
      progress is summarized and discussed here.

PMID- 393995
TI  - Antigenic structure of AMP-deaminase: immunoinhibition by goat and rabbit
      antibodies and univalent fragments: quantitative precipitation of chicken and
      rabbit muscle enzymes by rabbit antibodies. Binding of avian and mammalian
      enzymes to antibody-sepharose.

PMID- 393996
TI  - [Nuclear antigens in tumorous and non-tumorous tissues].
AB  - The observations suggest that the cells of the human malignomas contain such
      protein or proteins which keep their specific antigenic characteristics even
      under isolation techniques. These characteristics have been directly due to the
      nucleus of the malignant cell, and had remained also under the cell-culture
      process. The nuclear antigen and specific antibody technique described in this
      paper seem to be suitable as an immunofluorescent method in the immunodiagnostics
      of the human tumors, furthermore provide valuable data in the clarification of
      the problem of human tumors.

PMID- 393994
TI  - Post-synthetic fate of the translation products of messenger RNA microinjected
      into Xenopus oocytes.

PMID- 393997
TI  - Clinicopathologic notes. Rapidly progressive dementia with focal neurologic
      deficits in a fifty-seven year old woman.

PMID- 393998
TI  - Indirect immunofluorescence test against lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus
      in Parkinson's disease.

PMID- 393999
TI  - Lee Bonar (1891-1977).

PMID- 394000
TI  - Effect of light on growth and metabolite synthesis in Candida albicans.

PMID- 394001
TI  - Immunization of mice with an avirulent pseudohyphal form of Cryptococcus
      neoformans.
AB  - Mice were immunized with a viable, avirulent strain of Cryptococcus neoformans.
      Lymphocyte blastogenic assays showed a 10-fold increase in reactivity of
      sensitized spleen cells, and histopathologic examination revealed marked splenic
      hyperplasia. Thirty-two days after intravenous inoculation with a virulent strain
      of C. neoformans, none of the control animals survived whereas 60 percent of the
      immunized mice were alive with no clinical evidence of disease. This animal model
      shows that protective immunity can be established, and once developed, provide a
      better model for the study of important aspects of immunity in fungal disease.

PMID- 394002
TI  - Cytochemical and biochemical identification of lysosomes in Cryptococcus
      neoformans.
AB  - Normaski optics, fluorescence and electron microscopy were employed to
      demonstrate the occurrence of lysosomes in capsulated, enztmatically
      decapsulated, and dewalled cells of a human isolate of Cryptococcus neoformans.
      Fluorescent studies, using acridine orange as a lysosomal indicator, revealed the
      presence of variously sized, spherical, reddish-orange fluorescing bodies.
      Electron microscopy studies demonstrated the presence of acid phosphatase (AP), a
      lysosome marker enzyme, in single-membrane bound organelles. Lysosomes were
      removed from dewalled cells and separated by differential centrifugation on
      ficoll gradients. That fraction indicating the highest assay for AP was
      centrifuged at high speed, and the resulting pellet was fixed for electron
      microscopy and stained by the Gomori procedure for AP. Sections of the pellets
      revealed AP stained vesicles of the same size range as those within intact cells.

PMID- 394004
TI  - The medical student of the late nineteenth century.

PMID- 394003
TI  - [Daily and weekly variations in the yeast-digestive flora of a female of giant
      panda (author's transl)].
AB  - Since its arrival at the Paris's zoological Park, the yeasts of the flora
      digestive tract of a young female of Giant Panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, was
      daily, then weekly studied. Were noted: the diet in captivity, the number of
      isolates in primary-cultures, the morpho-physiological differences between
      strains of a same species and the maximal temperature for growth of all the
      fungi. Were also approached, for the analysis, some data on the yeast-flora of
      other captive mammals and on the yeast species of the habitat. Short time
      colonization recorded seems the result of a difficulty of adaptation, even for C.
      albicans, to the digestive tract of that animal. The majority of the yeasts
      identified are transient microorganisms of alimentary, aquatic or aerial origin.

PMID- 394006
TI  - [J.H. Pannekoek's 50th anniversary as physician].

PMID- 394005
TI  - [Hepatitis A in an institute for mentally retarded].

PMID- 394007
TI  - My specialty: radiology.

PMID- 394008
TI  - Correlation of extracts obtained by high efficiency gel chromatography of lactic
      dehydrogenase virus infected mouse serum and cytosol from human tumors using
      leukocyte adherence inhibition assay.
AB  - Immunochemically active fractions were obtained using Separon Hema-300-glc(R)
      from serum of lactic dehydrogenase virus (LDV) infected mice and from homogenates
      of human tumors. The mixture of proteins of tumorous origin from the cytosol
      giving a positive reaction in the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test was
      found in the same fractions showing maximum of absorbance at 340 nm in the
      spectrophotometer and a corresponding peak in the refractometer. Analogous peaks
      were not proved in material obtained from healthy controls, but they were found
      in some human placentas and fetal organs. The LDV fraction obtained from mouse
      serum served as a "control" antigen in LAI test for human tumor testing, and
      results corresponded with those obtained using cytosol specific for the tumor
      under study.

PMID- 394010
TI  - Detection of specific immunoreactivity by LAI assay in patients with malignant
      melanoma of uveal tissue.
AB  - To monitor the specific antitumor immunity to patients with malignant melanoma of
      the uveal tissue, use was made of the 20-hr modification of the leukocyte
      adherence inhibition (LAI) test. Simultaneously, changes in the proportionally of
      T (total and active) and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood were followed in the
      same patients by the E and EAC rosette formation test. Peripheral blood
      leukocytes from patients with malignant melanoma of the uvea, cultured in vitro
      for 20 hr with syngeneic and allogeneic tumor extract showed a significantly
      lower adhering capacity than the same cell population cultured without the
      specific tumor extract (21/22). A retest 3 months after tumor removal showed the
      percentage of positive cases to have declined (11/19). Leukocyte adherence of
      control donors, cultured with and without the tumor extract remained unchanged. A
      follow-up of immunocompetence in patients with malignant melanoma of the uvea,
      based on proportionally changes of total T, "active" T and B lymphocytes yielded
      information of an orienting value only. The results of investigation of the
      various cases proved to be considerably divergent and failed to present a
      reliable picture of the patient's immunological status.

PMID- 394009
TI  - Peripheral blood lymphocyte nucleoi of rats with Yoshida ascitic sarcoma and the
      effect of endotoxin.
AB  - Nucleoli of lymphocytes were studied in the peripheral blood of male Wistar rats
      bearing Yoshida ascitic tumor untreated and treated with Escherichia coli
      endotoxin. Both the neoplastic process and the endotoxin produced an increase of
      peripheral lymphocytes with "active" nucleoli in number. The treatment of
      experimental animals bearing the tumor with the endotoxin decreased their
      mortality and enhanced the increase of the lymphocytes with "active" nucleoli in
      their peripheral blood.

PMID- 394011
TI  - T and B lymphocytes in lymph nodes and spleen of patients with Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Lymphocyte surface markers of 100 tissue specimens (67 lymph nodes and 33
      spleens) of 40 patients with Hodgkin's disease were studied by means of
      spontaneous E-rosette formation and direct immunofluorescence method. The
      occurrence of active and total T cells was signigicantly higher (p less than
      0.001) in the tumor-involved lymph nodes and spleens, while the frequency of B
      cells was practically the same in the histologically negative lymph nodes and
      spleens. In the tumorous spleen of 6 untreated patients the frequency of active
      and total T cells was higher in the tumorous tissue specimens than in the
      surrounding histologically negative tissue specimens. No correlation has been
      found between the simultaneously investigated peripheral T and B cell counts,
      clinical stage and the histological type of the tumor.

PMID- 394012
TI  - Tumor dormancy (a review).

PMID- 394013
TI  - [Combined pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 394014
TI  - [The combination of psychiatric pharmacotherapy with sociotherapy (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 394015
TI  - [Double-blind comparison of 2 depot neuroleptics (perphenazine enanthate and
      flupentixol decanoate) in chronic schizophrenia (author's transl)].

PMID- 394016
TI  - Renal biopsy studies of lithium and prelithium patients and comparison with
      cadaver transplant kidneys.

PMID- 394017
TI  - A double-blind controlled study of pimozide vs chlorpromazine in mania.

PMID- 394018
TI  - Aversive stimulus properties of drugs.

PMID- 394019
TI  - [Exceptionally-gifted children. Bibliography].

PMID- 394020
TI  - [The frustation test picture of Rosenzweig carried out by the method of
      preferences-identifications (author's transl)].

PMID- 394021
TI  - [The draw-a-family test by only children (author's transl)].

PMID- 394022
TI  - [The results obtained by a logopedic service in a pediatric clinic (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 394023
TI  - Distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the rat and mouse brain.

PMID- 394024
TI  - [Essential cryoglobulinemias. Recent acquisitions].

PMID- 394025
TI  - [Some American songs related to medicine and pharmacy].

PMID- 394027
TI  - Hypotensive response in spontaneously hypertensive rats following microinjection
      of alpha-methylnoradrenaline in the caudal brain-stem.
AB  - Local microinjection of 1.25 nmol (-)-alpha-methylnoradrenaline in the A2-region
      of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) caused a decrease of blood pressure and
      heart rate in both spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (W/K)
      rats. Although the maximal responses in both strains did not differ, the decrease
      in blood pressure lasted longer in the SHR. These results do not support the
      concept of a diminished sensitivity of catecholaminergic receptors in the NTS of
      SHR to alpha-methylnoradrenaline.

PMID- 394026
TI  - Mitotic activity in adult rat brain induced by implantation of pieces of fetal
      rat brain and liver.
AB  - By implantation of pieces of fetal CNS into adult host brains it was found that
      the fetal brain tissue induced a very high mitotic activity in the adult brain at
      2-4 days after implantation. The dividing cells were found within a 3-mm zone
      from the transplant in occipital cortex, hippocampus and brain-stem. Sham
      operated control animals exhibited only very few mitotic figures close to the
      lesion. Neither local injection of amniotic fluid nor implantation of other fetal
      tissues induced mitotic activity with the exception of fetal liver. Possibly, the
      mitogenic factor(s) released from the transplanted fetal brain is hepatic in
      origin.

PMID- 394029
TI  - Degradation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) by brain prolyl
      endopeptidase with release of des-glycinamide LHRH and glycinamide.
AB  - A highly purified preparation of rabbit brain prolyl endopeptidase cleaved the
      decapeptide luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) at the ProGly . NH2 bond
      leading to the release within 1-3 h incubation at 37 degrees C of des-glycinamide
      LHRH and glycinamide. Evidence for this site of cleavage was obtained by the
      detection of glycinamide or glycine and groups by a microdanyslation procedure,
      and by separation of the breakdown products by high performance liquid
      chromatography (HPLC) on a revers phase C-18 column. Incubation led to the
      appearance of two new peaks as detected by HPLC one of which was collected and
      shown to have the composition consistent with des-glycinamide LHRH. The other
      peak ran in the position identical to that of authentic glycinamide. Results
      suggest that prolyl endopeptidase could play a role in the inactivation of LHRH
      in vivo.

PMID- 394028
TI  - Evidence for enkephalin immunoreactive neurons in the medulla oblongata
      projecting to the spinal cord.

PMID- 394030
TI  - Quantitative analysis of dendritic branching. I. Simple formulae for the
      quantitative analysis of dendritic branching.
AB  - Dendritic branching of neurons may be quantitatively studied using applications
      of graph theory. Dendritic ramifications may be considered as 'forests' of
      planted, stemmed, binary 'trees' with simple mathematical properties. Two
      fundamental numbers, that of dendritic tips and that of dendritic stems, usually
      suffice to quantify the dendritic branching of one neuron as, in most cases, they
      allow the computation of all other numbers of dendritic points and segments.

PMID- 394031
TI  - Relationships between the catecholaminergic and enkephalinergic systems
      demonstrated by a combined technique of formaldehyde-induced fluorescence and
      immunocytochemistry.
AB  - A technique for the localization of catecholamines and enkephalin in the same
      tissue section is described. Sections from rat brains prepared according to the
      Falck-Hillarp technique were examined by dark field fluorescence microscopy and
      then processed for immunocytochemistry for leucine-enkephalin (leu-enk) using the
      unlabeled antibody technique. In the medial hypothalamus the distribution of the
      catecholamines and enkephalin is complementary, while in the lateral hypothalamus
      the patterns are similar but not identical. Enkephalin terminals are also
      observed in and around the locus coeruleus, while enkephalin cell bodies are
      adjacent to the nucleus.

PMID- 394032
TI  - Met-enkephaline-like immunoreactivity in a cephalopod neurohemal organ.
AB  - Using a highly specific antibody we found Met-enkephalin-like immunoreactivity in
      large granules of numerous distinct cells that are embedded in a layer of
      secretory terminals inside the octopus vena cava. Application of antibodies
      against fragments of the mammalian pro-opiocortin precursor -- alpha-MSH, ACTH,
      beta-endorphin and 16k-fragment -- and against growth hormone did not produce
      immunostaining in the octopus enkephalin cells. The vena cava neuropil may
      represent a favourable system for the examination of the physiological role of
      the opioid peptide enkephalin.

PMID- 394033
TI  - Brain extracellular space fixed for electron microscopy.
AB  - Adult mammalian brain contains 17--20% extracellular space, but fixatives cause
      the cellular elements to ingest the extracellular fluid so that the space is
      reduced to less than 5% with all conventional methods of fixation. This can be
      prevented by washing out the extracellular fluid with isotonic sucrose, which
      does not penetrate cells. Subsequent fixation with aldehydes and osmium and
      conventional processing leads to the preservation of extracellular space in
      electron micrographs. Extracellular space was found to be unevenly distributed,
      widely separating some cellular processes while leaving other groups of processes
      contiguous.

PMID- 394034
TI  - Nutrition and cataract.

PMID- 394035
TI  - The vitamin B6 requirement in oral contraceptive users.

PMID- 394037
TI  - Hypomineralization and increased porosity in dental fluorosis.

PMID- 394036
TI  - The effect of oral contraceptives on blood vitamin A levels and the role of sex
      hormones.

PMID- 394038
TI  - Nutrition Classics. The Journal of Nutrition 9:37-49, 1935. Cataract in rats fed
      high lactose rations. Helen S. Mitchell and Warren M. Dodge.

PMID- 394039
TI  - Calcium absorption by way of the vacuolar apparatus.

PMID- 394040
TI  - Plasma vitamin A homeostasis: the relative dose response as a measure of liver
      vitamin A reserves.

PMID- 394041
TI  - Phytate and zinc bioavailability.

PMID- 394042
TI  - Defined media and the determination of nutritional and hormonal requirements of
      mammalian cells in culture.

PMID- 394043
TI  - Ammonia metabolism, urea cycle capacity and their biochemical assessment.

PMID- 394044
TI  - Ineffectiveness of zinc in treating ordinary taste and smell dysfunctions.

PMID- 394046
TI  - Multiple biotin-dependent carboxylase deficiencies associated with defects in
      immunity.

PMID- 394045
TI  - Effects of feeding dihomo- gamma-linolenic acid (20:3 omega 6) in man.

PMID- 394047
TI  - Nutrition Classics. The Journal of Biological chemistry, 39:3808-17, 1964. The
      importance of both synthesis and degradation in the control of arginase levels in
      rat liver. Robert T. Schimke.

PMID- 394048
TI  - Absorption of linoleic and arachidonic acids by rat jejunum.

PMID- 394049
TI  - Satisfactory growth and reproduction in trout fed alpha-linolenic acid as the
      only dietary unsaturated fatty acid.

PMID- 394051
TI  - Amos Robinson McKegg.

PMID- 394050
TI  - The role of growth hormone in the action of vitamin B6 on cellular transfer of
      amino acids.

PMID- 394053
TI  - Stephen John Hindmarsh Cox.

PMID- 394052
TI  - Malaria in Tonga: an imported case.
AB  - A case of falciparum malaria in Tonga occurring in a tourist is reported and
      discussed with the emphasis on awareness of imported diseases to the Pacific.

PMID- 394054
TI  - Observations of cat leprosy.

PMID- 394055
TI  - A lingual gingival graft on a bicuspid.

PMID- 394056
TI  - An interview with I. Lawrence Kerr. New Yorker sworn in as ADA president; By
      David W. Schultz.

PMID- 394057
TI  - Mercury contamination in the dental office.

PMID- 394058
TI  - Patient eye protection in the dental office.

PMID- 394059
TI  - Comparison of noise generated by air venturi and central suction evacuation
      systems.

PMID- 394060
TI  - Noncorticosteroidal anti-inflammatory agents in Ophthalmology.
AB  - Efforts have been made to develop noncorticosteroidal anti-inflammatory therapy.
      The goals of such therapy have been to eradicate the primary cause, prevent the
      initial tissue injury, moderate inflammatory response, and enhance tissue repair
      while minimizing and eliminating the undesirable aspects of the therapy.

PMID- 394061
TI  - Timolol therapy in secondary angle-closure glaucoma post penetrating
      keratoplasty.
AB  - Timolol maleate (o.25% or 0.5% twice a day) was used in 13 eyes of 13 patients
      with secondary angle-closure glaucoma post penetrating keratoplasty uncontrolled
      on miotics, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, or both. When added to each patient's
      current regimen, tomolol controlled 9 of the 13 eyes that no longer required
      cyclocryotherapy, and it was well tolerated locally and systemically. Its ocular
      hypotensive effect appears to supplement miotics and carbonic anhydrase
      inhibitors.

PMID- 394062
TI  - Interaction of topical and oral timolol in glaucoma.
AB  - The interaction of oral and topical timolol maleate was studied in patients with
      open-angle glaucoma. The oral and topical preparations given separately produced
      a significant and comparable reduction of the intraocular pressure, but no
      additive effect was observed when both preparations were given together. Pulse-
      and blood pressure-lowering effects of oral timolol were not enhanced by the
      application of topical timolol. These systemic effects were not found in those
      patients using topical timolol alone.

PMID- 394064
TI  - Keratoplasty and intraocular lenses: current status.
AB  - Present methods of treating combined corneal disease and cataracts in elderly
      patients are unsatisfactory, and multiple operative procedures may be required.
      From 1975 through 1978, 60 attempts were made to restore relatively normal optics
      and achieve rapid visual recovery with a single operative procedure consisting of
      keratoplasty, cataract extraction, and intraocular lens insertion in various
      combinations. As of this writing, there have been few complications, and 82% of
      the grafts are clear.

PMID- 394063
TI  - Dislocation of Binkhorst four-loop lens implant.
AB  - A consecutive series of 1,093 Binkhorst four-loop lens implantations was used to
      examine the problem of dislocation of implants used in intracapsular cataract
      extractions; emphasis of the study was on the need for suture fixation.
      Transiridectomy suture fixation was used in 497 procedures, no suture was used in
      403 procedures, and a simple iris suture technique was used in 193 procedures.
      Although the transiridectomy suture fixation procedure had the lowest percentage
      of dislocations, the iris suture technique is considered safer. Suture fixation
      is recommended for Binkhorst four-loop implants used in intracapsular cataract
      extractions.

PMID- 394065
TI  - Hard contact lens corrections in aphakia.
AB  - Hard contact lens correction of aphakia is best performed with a single cut lens
      by a trial lens fitting. Lenticular design may be necessary. Continuous wear over
      age 70 may be necessary to achieve success and acceptance in more than 30% of
      aphakic wearers. Soft lenses are usually not practical in the author's
      experience. The increased use of intraocular lenses is decreasing the need for
      aphakic contact lenses. Merits of the hard contact lens in aphakia are discussed
      as a practical approach to the correction of vision by the ophthalmologist, and
      indications for single cut lenses and lenticular design are outlined.

PMID- 394066
TI  - Oversize corneal donor grafts in penetrating keratoplasty.

PMID- 394067
TI  - [Diagnosis in orthodontics (author's transl)].

PMID- 394068
TI  - [Forward traction in Class III malocclusions. Design of the impression tray and a
      standard mask (author's transl)].

PMID- 394069
TI  - [Development of pediatric traumatology and orthopedics in USSR].

PMID- 394070
TI  - [Elizabeta Petrovna Mezhenina].

PMID- 394071
TI  - [Georgii Stepanovich Iumashev].

PMID- 394072
TI  - [Method of saturation of bone transplants with drugs].

PMID- 394073
TI  - [Mikhail Vasil'evich Gromov].

PMID- 394074
TI  - [Use of ceramics in orthopedics and traumatology].

PMID- 394075
TI  - [Results of the restorative surgical treatment of the sequelae of fractures of
      the long tubular bones].

PMID- 394076
TI  - [Effect of insulin on aspects of liver energy metabolism in experimental
      fracture].

PMID- 394077
TI  - [Method for the replacement of a defect in the proximal end of the tibia with its
      simultaneous lengthening].

PMID- 394079
TI  - [Mikhail Karpovich Panchenko].

PMID- 394078
TI  - [Aleksandr Vasil'evich Vorontsov].

PMID- 394080
TI  - Nursing and mental retardation: an Oregon perspective 1900-1979.

PMID- 394082
TI  - [Dr. Lorand Kesztyus (1915-1979)].

PMID- 394081
TI  - "Nursing as it was".

PMID- 394083
TI  - [Centenary of the birth of Rene Leriche, outstanding pioneer of pathological
      interpretation of surgery and of peripheral vascular surgery].

PMID- 394084
TI  - [Ferenc Flor (1809-1871)].

PMID- 394085
TI  - [Felix Kanitz (1829-1904), explorer of the history of public health in Serbia and
      Bulgaria in the 19th century].

PMID- 394086
TI  - [Karoly Pius Koller (1904-1979)].

PMID- 394088
TI  - [Imre Hermann 90 years old].

PMID- 394087
TI  - [Interaction of phenylbutazone and tolbutamide in man].

PMID- 394089
TI  - [Dr. Jozsef Balo (1895-1979)].

PMID- 394090
TI  - [Cleidocranial dysostosis].

PMID- 394091
TI  - [Blood pressure lowering effect of prazosin in severe hypertension].

PMID- 394092
TI  - [Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)].

PMID- 394093
TI  - [The Kohn-Kaposi and Ullmann families of Kaposvar].

PMID- 394094
TI  - [Gyula Suranyi, pediatrician, researcher, administrator].

PMID- 394095
TI  - [Experience with the fibrin adhesive system in the care of extraction wounds in
      hemophiliacs].

PMID- 394096
TI  - [Dental surgical interventions for improved prosthetic stability].

PMID- 394097
TI  - [Surgical root filling--problems of technic and use of the tooth as an abutment].

PMID- 394098
TI  - [Local hemostasis in the maxillofacial region with aid of fibrin adhesive
      system].

PMID- 394099
TI  - [Angle Class II/1 in the adult: an orthodontic-prosthetic problem].

PMID- 394100
TI  - [Metallic or ceramic implants--a technological comparison].

PMID- 394101
TI  - [Infiltrative and peripheral surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. II].

PMID- 394102
TI  - [50th anniversary of the scientific and professional activity of Prof. Jan
      Danielewicz].

PMID- 394103
TI  - [Invagination of the auricles].

PMID- 394104
TI  - The pyridine scale for clinical measurement of olfactory threshold: a
      quantitative reevaluation.
AB  - Serial dilutions of pyridine in water are employed for measuring the olfactory
      detection thresholds of patients. Experimental precautions are described that
      improve the precision and accuracy of the method. Existing data on the
      sensitivities of hyposmic patients are confirmed, but the sensitivities of normal
      subjects and of hyperosmic patients are believed to have been substantially
      overestimated in some earlier publications. Routine clinical applications of the
      revised pyridine odor threshold test are discussed. In the author's experience,
      the average cystic fibrosis patient is slightly hyposmic, and some cases of
      pituitary tumor are accompanied by a 100,000-fold hyperosmia.

PMID- 394105
TI  - Further observations on the fate of pedicle osteocutaneous grafts.
AB  - Recent work has shown that pedicle osteocutaneous grafts retain their viability
      and participate actively in the restructuring of transferred bone. The present
      study investigates two aspects of this process: (1) whether or not healthy
      recipient bone is needed for the survival of these grafts and (2) the degree of
      periosteal involvement in osteogenesis. Six adult dogs were used. Pedicle
      osteocutaneous grafts were constructed using the anterior table of the frontal
      sinus. Rotation of these flaps allowed implantation of the bone transplant into
      the ipsilateral parietal muscle. Free bone grafts were used as controls and were
      implanted in the contralateral muscle. Specimens were removed at variable
      intervals between 8 and 40 weeks after operation. All free grafts were
      reabsorbed. Pedicle-assisted bone grafts retained their volume and exhibited
      marked periosteal osteogenesis that eventually produced enough new bone to
      replace the graft. These experiments provide strong evidence that bone
      restructuring in osteocutaneous grafts may be independent of recipient bone and
      that it depends almost exclusively on periosteal activity.

PMID- 394106
TI  - The computer in private medical practice.

PMID- 394107
TI  - [Tracheal compression by the innominate artery (author's transl)].
AB  - A five week old male infant is treated under suspicion of whooping cough because
      of pertussis like cough, cyanosis, and attacks of reflex apnea. These attacks are
      seen up to 40 times per day. After exclusion of a cerebral genesis there was
      found a ventral indentation of the trachea. It was also seen by tracheoscopy, but
      this part of the trachea was not pulsating. In the angiography the compriming
      structure was identified as the innominate artery. The genesis of this anatomic
      variant, the often threatening symptoms in this case without inspiratoric
      stridor, and the diagnostic and therapeutic steps are discussed.

PMID- 394108
TI  - Biofeedback therapy for headache and other pain: an evaluative review.
AB  - A survey of the literature is presented in two areas of biofeedback treatment for
      headache--muscle contraction and migraine--and a variety of miscellaneous pain
      syndromes. The studies done to date are characterized largely by lack of proper
      no-treatment or placebo control groups, by confounding biofeedback with a variety
      of other strategies, or by sample sizes too small to afford any reasonable
      conclusions about efficacy. There is some evidence that biofeedback works better
      for muscle contraction headache than false feedback, but it also appears that
      biofeedback is no more effective than relaxation training. The application of
      biofeedback to migraine or other pain syndromes remains of unproven value.
      Investigators seldom attempt to relate empirically their interventions to
      hypothetical models of pain mechanisms. The potential influence of extraneous
      factors linked to the therapeutic situation is pervasive in these studies, but
      examination of their specific roles in symptom reduction is largely missing. Some
      variables are listed which need to be examined and which may contribute to the
      alleviation of pain with much less expenditure of clinical resources than that
      demanded by biofeedback. Perhaps the main contribution of biofeedback has been to
      highlight such extraneous variables in the pain treatment setting.

PMID- 394109
TI  - The lateralisation of pain.
AB  - Pain is more often lateralised on the left, except in the case of trigeminal
      neuralgia. The factors which promote lateralisation of pain are reviewed and it
      is noted that hysterical conversion symptoms are also more common on the left.
      Experimental evidence implies that the right hemisphere is less efficient than
      the left in processing cutaneous sensory input. Neurological and psychiatric data
      support the view that the right hemisphere is dominant for emotional experience
      and this may help to determine the left-sided preponderance of pain.

PMID- 394111
TI  - [Clinical pharmacokinetics and drug therapy in pediatrics].

PMID- 394110
TI  - An enzyme-immunoassay for myoglobin in human serum and urine. Method development,
      normal values and application to acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - An enzyme-immunoassay has been developed for the detection of myoglobin in human
      serum and urine which is specific, accurate, precise, and has a sensitivity of 3
      ng/ml. When compared with radioimmunoassay, the enzyme-immunoassay gives markedly
      similar results. Sera from normal adults had a myoglobin concentration in the
      range 3-65 ng/ml, and 64% of the same group had detectable myoglobinuria (range 3
      11.5 ng/ml). All of 8 patients with definite acute myocardial infarction had
      raised serum myoglobin levels (range 200-1125 ng/ml) either at admission or 4 h
      later. Myoglobin concentration returned to normal in 6 patients, and in the
      remaining 2 patients there was evidence of infarct extension. Urinary myoglobin
      excretion was variable. One patient with possible acute myocardial infarction had
      elevated serum myoglobin (413 ng/ml 4 h post admission) and 5 patients with no
      evidence of infarction had normal levels (15-53 ng/ml). The results suggest that
      detection of serum myoglobin by enzyme-immunoassay may be a valuable test in the
      early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 394113
TI  - [Acrocephalosyndactylia syndromes].

PMID- 394112
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics and drug metabolism in children].

PMID- 394114
TI  - Behavioral science in medical education: a bibliography.
AB  - Since 1956, there have appeared 125 studies which focus on the issue of
      integrating behavioral science into undergraduate and graduate medical education.

PMID- 394116
TI  - Locus of control and biofeedback: a review of the literature.
AB  - This paper first reviews studies which have investigated the efficacy of using
      locus of control orientation to predict performance in various modes of
      biofeedback. However, contradictory evidence and methodological problems make it
      impossible to draw any conclusions regarding the connection between internality
      externality and biofeedback performance. Second, various attempts to modify
      externality through biofeedback treatment are reviewed. Although EMG feedback can
      apparently be used to shift locus of control in an internal direction, there are
      some major issues that need to be resolved. Of primary importance is the fact
      that the rationale for modifying externality is based on an unproven assumption
      that externality has a role in the causation of various undesirable behaviors.
      Also, as no follow-up testing has been done, there is no evidence that the EMG
      biofeedback causes relatively permanent, stable locus of control changes. If the
      shifts are only temporary, then its use as a modifier of externality is
      questionable.

PMID- 394115
TI  - Effects of active and passive EMG biofeedback training on performance of motor
      and cognitive tasks.
AB  - The goal of this study was to compare the effects of general relaxation (passive
      group) and neuromuscular tension control (active group), both using EMG
      biofeedback techniques, on the performance of memorization, simple reaction time,
      and rotary pursuit. 18 subjects were given five consecutive daily sessions of
      training or were placed under control conditions, after which their performance
      on these various tasks was evaluated. Results indicate that control of
      neuromuscular tension seemed to facilitate performance on all tasks over that of
      the control group. Except for simple reaction time, there was no difference
      between the "active" and "passive" groups. The results are interpreted in terms
      of factors in selection of subjects and experimental conditions.

PMID- 394117
TI  - [Eosinophilic fasciitis (Shulman syndrome) associated with insulin-dependent
      diabete. 1 case (author's transl)].
AB  - A patient with eosinophilic fasciitis and insulin-dependent diabete mellitus is
      recorded. Diabete and blood hypereosinophilia occurred four months before acute
      onset of severe proximal sclerodermic features. The deep seated level of
      fibrosis, mainly localized in subcutaneous fat and fascia was documented by
      histologic examination. Prednisone therapy (0,75 mg/kg/day) resulted in cutaneous
      improvement and disparition of eosinophilia. Survey of pertinent literature lead
      us to consider Shulman's syndrome as a distinct entity amid the broad scleroderma
      spectrum. Features of esosinophilic fasciitis are very close to, and sometimes
      undistinguable from generalized morphea. Simultaneous occurence of diabete
      mellitus in this case is not fortuitous. The same association has already been
      recoreded with various sclerodermic syndromes.

PMID- 394118
TI  - [Prof. C. Winkler on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 394119
TI  - [History of Polish oncology and an Anticancer Week in Poland].

PMID- 394120
TI  - [Evaluation of the Kuruczu method for determination of morphological changes in
      resected lung tissue].

PMID- 394121
TI  - [In vivo migration of leukocytes from healthy persons depending on the presence
      of hemagglutinins to Candida albicans antigens in their serum].

PMID- 394122
TI  - [Diagnosis of renovascular hypertension].

PMID- 394123
TI  - [Biochemical diagnosis of hypertension in adrenal gland diseases].

PMID- 394124
TI  - [Prostacyclins and arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 394125
TI  - [Effect of tissue transplantation on the hematopoietic system].

PMID- 394126
TI  - [State of thrombosis risk: diagnostic and preventive possibilities].

PMID- 394127
TI  - [From the history of hospital health care in Sandomierz].

PMID- 394128
TI  - [Clinical value of computer assisted diagnosis and classification of liver
      diseases].

PMID- 394129
TI  - [Life and activities of Franciszek Chlapowski (1846-1923)].

PMID- 394130
TI  - Pathophysiology of shock.

PMID- 394131
TI  - Shock kidney.

PMID- 394132
TI  - Blood coagulation and shock.
AB  - This report describes how a finding at the autopsy table led to the observation
      of a clinical syndrome. A synthesis of autopsy experience, clinical
      investigations, and experimental and biochemical studies were able to shed light
      on one factor in the pathogenesis of this syndrome, namely blood coagulation with
      pulmonary microemboli and release and delayed elimination of peptides from fibrin
      degradation extravascularly in the lungs. These peptides may both induce
      increased permeability in the microcirculation and stimulate fibroblast
      proliferation. Knowledge about the pathogenesis has led to improved prophylaxis
      and therapy and a reduction of the number of deaths.

PMID- 394133
TI  - Shock in pregnancy: pathophysiology and morphologic findings.
AB  - Sepsis and non-septic shock in pregnancy show characteristic modifications which
      are caused a) by physiologic changes in hemostasis primarily in the third
      trimester of pregnancy, b) by etiologic distinctions of shock regarded as
      pregnancy-specific, c) by hemodynamic changes in the circulation during
      pregnancy, d) by the ability of the healthy, young organism to compensate
      adequately. In the dead fetus syndrome and in non-septic shock, i.e., in amnionic
      fluid embolism and in abruptio placentae, the clinical picture is often governed
      by marked secundary fibrinolysis. Retroplacental hematoma, the characteristic
      feature of premature placental separation, remains controversial as either the
      cause or sequela of the hemostatic disorder. Etiologic, pathogenetic, and
      morphologic similarities exist between septic abortion, chorioamnionitis, and
      puerperal sepsis, but the varying response of the maternal organism during the
      course of pregnancy leads to different clinical and morphologic pictures. Due to
      a decrease in fibrinolytic activity as a consequence of pregnancy, the
      hypercoagulability state in a septic endotoxic shock predisposes the kidneys to
      bilateral renal cortical necrosis, principally in the amnion infection syndrome.

PMID- 394134
TI  - Morphologic development of human shock lung.
AB  - In the initial phase of shock, edema spreads throughout the alveolar interstitium
      even before injury occurs in the alveolar epithelium and endothelium. The
      endothelium and the epithelium are damaged only subsequently, causing reduction
      in the average barrier thickness of the epithelium and the endothelium. A point
      of irreversibility is reached by the end of the first week. While early cell
      regeneration may be observed within the alveolar endothelium and epithelium,
      proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrosis of the alveolar wall occur in addition
      to edema which spreads within the interstitium. This widening of the gas exchange
      barrier may be considered as the anatomic substrate of respiratory insufficiency
      induced by shock. This enlargement continues up to the moment when thickening of
      the alveoli impedes satisfactory functioning of the lung, and, as consequence,
      threatens the life of the patient.

PMID- 394135
TI  - Rare manifestations of shock in man.

PMID- 394137
TI  - Postmortem inflation and fixation of the lung.

PMID- 394136
TI  - The local immune response in ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 394138
TI  - Does aspirin prevent stroke?

PMID- 394139
TI  - The treatment of sports injuries: a comparison between naproxen and indomethacin.
      A Royal Army Medical Corps multicentre study.

PMID- 394140
TI  - Treatment of atopic dermatitis.

PMID- 394141
TI  - Wingate: a diagnostic problem.

PMID- 394142
TI  - [Treatment of loosening of total hip prothesis].

PMID- 394143
TI  - [Oral contraceptives: cardiovascular complications and additional risk factors
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 394144
TI  - [The effects of acebutolol on endocrine and metabolic reactions induced by acute
      hypoglycaemia. Study in normal subjects and in insulin-dependent diabetics
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Six normal subjects and six normotensive insulin-dependent diabetics underwent
      two insulin hypoglycaemia tests after administration for three days of either a
      placebo or of acebutolol--a cardioselective beta-blocker--at a dose of 400 mg per
      day. The order in which the tests were performed was decided by random selection.
      Acebutolol suppressed the tachycardia which occurred as a reaction to
      hypoglycaemia but did not interfere with other warning symptoms and signs. In
      both normal subjects and diabetics, acebutolol neither worsened the initial
      hypoglycaemia nor did it delay a return to normal values. The increase in lactate
      levels following hypoglycaemia was not reduced by acebutolol but free fatty acid
      rebound was suppressed. Hormonal responses (glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone)
      were unaffected by the beta-blocker. If they are confirmed by long term studies,
      these results would suggest that acebutolol is safer to use than non
      cardioselective beta-blockers in the treatment of coronary insufficiency and of
      hypertension in diabetics exposed to the risk of hypoglycaemia.

PMID- 394145
TI  - [The role of dietary glucides in the formation of plaque and in oro-dental
      pathology].

PMID- 394146
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries and motivation in pedodontics].

PMID- 394147
TI  - [Linoleic acid in the diet].

PMID- 394148
TI  - A Fort Dearborn trio.

PMID- 394149
TI  - Heinrich Necheles: 1897--1979.

PMID- 394150
TI  - Paul L. Schroeder: 1894--1979.

PMID- 394151
TI  - Whole-body protein synthesis and oxidation rates in streptozotocin diabetic rats.

PMID- 394153
TI  - Physicians who abandoned medicine for literature: John Keats, Arthur Conan Doyle,
      Arthur Schnitzler and Somerset Maugham.

PMID- 394152
TI  - The dietary management of diabetes in adults.
AB  - The ultimate object of all types of dietary management before the introduction of
      insulin was to prevent emaciation and death: the consequences of metabolic
      derangements due to lack of insulin. Now, while dietary therapy continues to be
      important in minimizing the requirement for endogenous insulin or in balancing
      administered insulin, the major objects are changing to prevention of large
      vessel and microvascular disease. The next decade will probably see a more
      widespread introduction of diets containing a lower proportion of energy derived
      from fat. The increased carbohydrate intake will almost inevitably result in
      increased dietary fibre intake. Whether David Jenkins' Lente carbohydrate foods
      (those containing viscous unabsorbable polysaccharides) will prove to be of
      lasting value is not yet known. Since galactomannans occur in legumes perhaps we
      should consider the possibility of diets containing large proportions of legumes:
      a twentieth century 'Legume cure'? If this should prove of value it would not
      have excited ancient Indian physicians who wrote (in the Caraka-Samita) of their
      use of legumes in the treatment of glycosuria, at least as early as the first
      century AD, before Aretaeus had applied the term diabetes.

PMID- 394154
TI  - Address to the Virchow-Pirquet Medical Society.

PMID- 394155
TI  - Radioimmunoassay: past and potential role in clinical medicine.

PMID- 394156
TI  - The historical impact of famous otolaryngology patients.

PMID- 394157
TI  - Proteolytic fragmentation of spectrin:effect of removal of terminal
      phosphopeptides on spectrin binding to human erythrocyte membranes.
AB  - The involvement of phosphorylated regions of spectrin, from human erythrocytes,
      in membrane binding has been investigated. Spectrin is phosphorylated at several
      sites, all near a terminal of the band 2 polypeptide. This region can be removed
      from the bulk of the molecule by brief trypsinization. Membrane binding of the
      bulk of the protein is unaffected by brief proteolysis, whereas phosphofragments
      generated by this treatment exhibit no membrane binding.

PMID- 394158
TI  - Inborn errors of membrane transport: mechanisms and implications for treatment.

PMID- 394159
TI  - Medical management of hereditary renal diseases.

PMID- 394160
TI  - Genetic counseling in limb malformations.

PMID- 394161
TI  - Robert Domenjoz for his 70th birthday.

PMID- 394162
TI  - Transfer function analysis of radiographic imaging systems.

PMID- 394163
TI  - Some furocoumarins and analogs: comparison of triplet properties in solution with
      photobiological activities in yeast.

PMID- 394164
TI  - Ultraviolet action spectrum (238-405 nm) for inhibition of glycine uptake in E.
      coli.

PMID- 394166
TI  - Some further considerations on the use of repair-defective organisms as
      biological dosimeters for broad-band ultraviolet radiation sources.

PMID- 394165
TI  - Genetic control of near-UV (300-400 NM) sensitivity independent of the recA gene
      in strains of Escherichia coli K12.

PMID- 394167
TI  - Yearly review: new forms of diseases with DNA repair defects.

PMID- 394168
TI  - Yearly review: induction of oncogenic viruses by light.

PMID- 394170
TI  - [Mentally disordered patients and their attitude to art].

PMID- 394169
TI  - Growth hormone control of glucose oxidation pathways in hypophysectomized rats.
AB  - An in vivo response of glucose oxidation to growth hormone has been demonstrated.
      Hypophysectomized rats were found to oxidize glucose at rates significantly
      higher than normal rats. Treatment with growth hormone 1 h before injection of
      14C-U-glucose, 14C-6-glucose, or 14C-1-glucose caused a return to a normal
      oxidation pattern. This acute response was independent of insulin action but
      clearly time-dependent since no change from untreated hypophysectomized rats
      appeared when growth hormone was given at various times prior to administration
      of labeled glucose. The response observed for 14C-6-glucose was comparable to
      that observed for 14C-1-glucose with regard to dynamics but differed with respect
      to total 14C recovered as 14CO2. The cumulative percent 14CO2 recovered from
      oxidation of 14C-6-glucose 1 h after growth hormone injection exceeded that
      recovered from oxidation of 14C-1-glucose. These results suggest a change in
      glucose oxidation by a route that cannot be explained solely by changes in either
      the hexose monophosphate or Embden-Meyerhof pathways.

PMID- 394171
TI  - [Nursing and the humanities (Heleny Radlinska)].

PMID- 394172
TI  - [Anniversary of the Rudki sanatorium].

PMID- 394174
TI  - Plasmid R1 in Salmonella typhimurium: molecular instability and gene dosage
      effects.

PMID- 394173
TI  - Insertion of a genetic marker into the ribosomal DNA of yeast.

PMID- 394175
TI  - Deletion mutants of F, F deletion (8.5--17.6) and the mechanism of their
      formation.

PMID- 394178
TI  - Liaison psychiatry: a historical perspective.

PMID- 394176
TI  - [Strategies of long term and combination therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 394179
TI  - Energy policy and the public health. Environmental implications of fossil-fueled
      power stations.

PMID- 394180
TI  - [Effect of the sequence of heat exposure on yeast radiosensitivity].

PMID- 394177
TI  - [Treatment of depressive states and its role in prevention of drug dependence in
      adolescents].

PMID- 394181
TI  - Interventional techniques in neuroradiology.

PMID- 394182
TI  - [Clinical radiologic signs of malignant tumors of the small intestine].

PMID- 394183
TI  - [Prof. Leonid Semenovich Rosenshtraukh on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 394184
TI  - [Obituary for Prof. Konrad Hennig, 1915-1978].

PMID- 394185
TI  - Energy requirements of organs.

PMID- 394186
TI  - Metabolic requirements, regulation and failure as observed in isolated mammalian
      heart: a brief review.

PMID- 394187
TI  - Release of function in the spinal cord.

PMID- 394188
TI  - Supranuclear pathways of swallowing.

PMID- 394189
TI  - [Vitamin K-dependent blood coagulation factors--structure, function and
      biosynthesis (author's transl)].

PMID- 394190
TI  - [Mechanism of methemoglobin reduction (author's transl)].

PMID- 394191
TI  - [Intervening sequences in eukaryotes and RNA-RNA splicing (author's transl)].

PMID- 394192
TI  - [Molecular mechanisms for replication and repair of DNA (author's transl)].

PMID- 394193
TI  - [Cell adhesiveness and glycolipids (author's transl)].

PMID- 394194
TI  - [Tumor promotion in chemical carcinogenesis-inhibition of cell differentiation by
      phorbol esters (author's transl)].

PMID- 394195
TI  - Prostacyclin and human foetal circulation.
AB  - Tissues from human umbilical cord arteries and placental veins generated much
      greater prostacyclin activity than vessels from normal adults. High prostacyclin
      generation could contribute to maintaining the low peripheral vascular resistance
      typical of foetal circulation in which blood pressure is low despite very high
      cardiac output.

PMID- 394196
TI  - Interaction of prostaglandins with diuretics.

PMID- 394197
TI  - Prostacyclin (PGI2) effects on anterior pituitary hormones in the rat in vivo.
AB  - Intravenous injection of 600 microgram PGE2 or PGI2 significantly increased serum
      LH and prolactin levels in estradiol treated ovariectomized rats. There was no
      effect on serum FSH concentration. PGE2 and PGI2 stimulated LH release in a non
      dose dependent manner, while prolactin levels were positively correlated with the
      dose administered following PGI2 treatment. 6-keto-PGF1 alpha at a comparable
      dose had no effect on pituitary hormone levels. Subcutaneous administration of 1
      mg/kg or 60 mg/kg PGI2 for seven days significantly depressed serum LH level both
      in male and female rats. These doses had no effect on serum FSH or prolactin
      levels.

PMID- 394198
TI  - Prostaglandin formation in bacteria.
AB  - We report here that intact Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, in the
      presence of exogenous arachidonic acid, produce and release PGE2 and PGF2 alpha
      into the medium as measured by radioimmunoassay. The seven bacterial strains so
      far studied release 6.5-50.9 ng PGE2 and less than 0.02-0.51 ng PGF2 alpha per mg
      bacterial protein during a 1 hour incubation, quantities of the same order of
      magnitude as those observed in mammalian systems. PGE2 and PGF2 alpha formation
      in bacteria are inhibited by indomethacin.

PMID- 394199
TI  - Differential effects of prostacyclin and prostaglandin E1 on bronchoconstriction
      and thrombocytopenia during collagen and arachidonate infusions and anaphylactic
      shock in the guinea-pig.
AB  - The antagonism by prostacyclin (PG12) and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) of
      bronchoconstriction  induced by serotonin (5HT), collagen, arachidonic acid (AA)
      and anaphylaxis, as well as of thrombocytopenia was studied in the guinea-pig.
      Under conditions where PGE1 prevented bronchoconstriction by 5HT, by collagen or
      by AA better than the accompanying thrombocytopenia, PG12 was a selective
      antagonist of bronchoconstriction due to collagen, but failed to interfere with
      that due to 5HT or to AA. Collagen-induced bronchoconstriction in the guinea-pig
      is platelet-dependent. PG12 blocks bronchoconstriction by collagen, because it
      prevents the platelet activation, and fails to interfere with bronchoconstriction
      by AA, even though it reduces the accompanying thrombocytopenia, because the
      role of platelets is negligible. PGE1 and PG12 failed to interfere with
      thrombocytopenia or with bronchoconstriction of anaphylactic shock, and were
      inactive even when the acute bronchial effect was suppressed by anti-histamine
      treatment. Anaphylactic thrombocytopenia is beyond the control of agents which
      stimulate the cyclic AMP system, and involves specific mechanism which are not
      stimulated in platelet-rich plasma.

PMID- 394202
TI  - Bibliography on nuclear physics and technology.

PMID- 394201
TI  - [Production and medical application of ultra short life radioisotopes (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 394200
TI  - Effects of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors on human insulin secretion and
      carbohydrates tolerance.
AB  - Prostaglandin E (PGE) has been hypothesized to be an endogenous regulator of
      carbohydrate metabolism because it decreases human insulin secretion and
      carbohydrate tolerance. This report compares the effects of four inhibitors of
      PGE synthesis on the acute insulin response to glucose and subsequent glucose
      disappearance rates. Ibuprofen, acetylsalicylic acid and sodium salicylate
      treatments in normal volunteers were associated with augmented insulin secretion
      and improved glucose tolerance while indomethacin had the opposite effects. In
      view of these findings and the known effects of PGE on carbohydrate metabolism,
      we suggest that the effects of indomethacin may have been due to an action of the
      drug other than inhibiting PGE synthesis.

PMID- 394203
TI  - [Foreign literature on nuclear physics and technology].

PMID- 394204
TI  - [Kinetics of L-leucine transport in yeasts].

PMID- 394206
TI  - [Therapy of multiple infraosseous defects with autologous bone implants].

PMID- 394207
TI  - [Silver anniversary of the Endodontic Society of Argentina].

PMID- 394205
TI  - [Intestinal bacterial flora of Triatoma infestans].

PMID- 394208
TI  - [Comparative analysis of fixed prostheses retainers, executed by students
      supervised by teachers and non-specialist professionals].

PMID- 394209
TI  - [Behavior of pulp stump and periapical tissue of dog teeth, obturated with normal
      Alfacanal paste and with its "aged" liquid].

PMID- 394210
TI  - [Effect of fluoridated water ingestion on caries prevalence and loss of first
      permanent molars].

PMID- 394211
TI  - [Biocompatibility of amalgam with calcium fluoride].

PMID- 394212
TI  - [Slice-cut angulations (Gillett mode cavity): study of axial traction forces].

PMID- 394213
TI  - [Mercury--an occupational health problem in dentistry].

PMID- 394214
TI  - [Resistance factors in the oral cavity].

PMID- 394215
TI  - [Reaction of rat subcutaneous connective tissue to periodontal surgical cement
      implants. Influence of refrigerator storage].

PMID- 394217
TI  - [Endo-perio lesions: a synthesis].

PMID- 394216
TI  - [Enzymatic inhibitors and dental caries].

PMID- 394218
TI  - [Effects of an association of yttrium-fluoride in the prevention of dental caries
      in rats].

PMID- 394219
TI  - [Prevention of cancer and other osteomucous diseases in dentistry].

PMID- 394220
TI  - [Prevalence of coronal fractures of anterior teeth in school children].

PMID- 394221
TI  - [Dental fluids and dental caries].

PMID- 394222
TI  - [Construction of simple devices for intraoral registration of mandibular
      movements of dentulous patients and application in articulators. (Individual
      anatomo-physiologic articulator)].

PMID- 394223
TI  - [Evaluation of the bacteriostatic and bactericide power of calcium hydroxide, as
      a dressing in root canals. "In vitro" and "in vivo" studies (author's transl)].

PMID- 394224
TI  - [Internal resorption and its clinical implications endodontics (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 394225
TI  - [Analysis of combustion residues of waxes used in dental casting process].

PMID- 394226
TI  - [Silicone as a tin foil substitute in polymerization of acrylic denture bases].

PMID- 394227
TI  - Comparative immunogenicity of BCG substrains for mice.
AB  - Immunogenicity of four substrains of BCG was studied in mice vaccinated by the
      intravenous route and evaluated through pulmonary density and through splenic,
      hepatic and pulmonary indexes (weight of the organ/weight of the animalx100). In
      addition, tuberculin sensitivity was determined by measuring the thickness of the
      inoculated leg. All four strains (BCG Brazil, BCG Prague, BCG Russia and BCG
      Glaxo) showed intermediary virulence (0.78 -- 0.85) between pathogenic
      mycobacteria, i.e., M. tuberculosis and non-pathogenic mycobacteria, such as M.
      fortuitum, without however revealing differences among themselves in regard to
      pulmonary density. Reinoculation of vaccinated animals by the intravenous route,
      contrary to the subcutaneous route, resulted in significant increase (P less than
      0.05) in the organs, except for the spleen. The tuberculin hypersensitivity
      induced by the four strains was significant and it was possible to distinguish
      BCG Brazil from BCG Glaxo. The substrain BCG Brazil proved to be the most
      immunogenic, followed by BCG Prague, whereas BCG-Glaxo proved to be the weakest
      vaccine.

PMID- 394228
TI  - [Utilization of the Kato-Katz-method (thick-smear technique) the diagnosis of
      Isospora (author's transl)].
AB  - Performing 10475 stool examination using the KATO-KATZ, HOFFMAN-PONS-JANER and
      direct examination (after agitation) methods, the author showed the best results
      with KATO-KATZ method for the diagnosis of Isospora hominis and Isospora belli.
      Among the 10475 stools examined 392 (3.74%) were positive for I. hominis and 55
      (0.52%) for I. belli with the KATO-KATZ method; with the use of the others
      methods only 28 (0.26%) were positive for I. hominis and 6 (0.06% for I. belli.

PMID- 394229
TI  - [Ocular vascular manifestations in atherosclerosis].

PMID- 394231
TI  - [Kidney transplantation in a patient with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 394230
TI  - [Nicolae Svet (1915-1979)].

PMID- 394232
TI  - [Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, with acute renal failure].

PMID- 394233
TI  - [Sepsis caused by Serratia marcescens. Report of 19 cases].

PMID- 394234
TI  - [Bucconasosinusal obturator: a case report].

PMID- 394235
TI  - [Cleft palate prosthesis: hard palate obturator].

PMID- 394236
TI  - [Telescopic denture for cleft palate].

PMID- 394237
TI  - [Oral cavity histoplasmosis. Report of three cases].

PMID- 394238
TI  - [Cleft palate prosthesis: meatus-obturator].

PMID- 394240
TI  - [New design in chrome-cobalt].

PMID- 394239
TI  - [Calcification of the pericoronal sac].

PMID- 394241
TI  - [Dentistry as an esthetic function].

PMID- 394242
TI  - [Succinct description of acid etching].

PMID- 394243
TI  - [Introduction to repair and rehabilitation of partial removable and complete
      dentures with acrylic or combined bases. I].

PMID- 394244
TI  - [Post and core--direct method].

PMID- 394245
TI  - [A technique for impressions in juxtabony implants (author's transl)].

PMID- 394246
TI  - [Odontogenic tumors].

PMID- 394247
TI  - [Pull-out cytology as diagnostic method of oral lesions suspicious of malignancy
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 394248
TI  - [Aspects of pulmonary circulation in pneumocardiopathies].

PMID- 394249
TI  - [Infections of the biliary tract].

PMID- 394250
TI  - [Results of treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with diclofenac].

PMID- 394251
TI  - [Family psychotherapy from the viewpoint of the child psychiatrist].

PMID- 394252
TI  - [Behavior disorders at the infantile-juvenile age. Clinico-etiopathogenic
      aspects].

PMID- 394253
TI  - [Etiopathogenetic considerations in infantile autism].

PMID- 394254
TI  - [Depressive states in children and adolescents].

PMID- 394255
TI  - [Characteristics of the intracranial hypertension syndrome in infants and young
      children].

PMID- 394256
TI  - [The scholar Gheorghe Marinescu, a man of unusual kindness].

PMID- 394258
TI  - [The concept of psychiatric emergency].

PMID- 394257
TI  - [Professor Aurel Mares].

PMID- 394259
TI  - [Correlations between plasmatic concentrations and clinical effects of
      psychotropic drugs].

PMID- 394260
TI  - [Dr. Elena Derevici-Preda (1899-1979)].

PMID- 394261
TI  - [Myasthenia gravis: pathogenesis].

PMID- 394263
TI  - [Evaluation of the functional therapy of H.P. Bimler: study of 10 cases treated
      by Ricketts' superpositions].

PMID- 394262
TI  - [Myasthenia and pernicious anemia or Biermer's (author's transl)].
AB  - The association of myasthenia and Biermer's anemia is very rarely reported. In a
      series of 138 cases of myasthenia, this association was found in only one
      patient, in whom the anemia developed 19 years after the discovery of a calcified
      thymoma and 13 years after the appearance of the first signs of myasthenia. This
      led the authors to conduct a prospective study for the presence of intrinsic
      antifactor antibodies. A total of 81 patients (20 men and 61 women) with
      myasthenia were studied. The myasthenia had appeared after 35 years of age in 40
      patients and 19 had a thymoma. The results of the study for the antibodies was
      positive in 3 women, as was the test of inhibition of leucocyte migration, but
      none of them had anemia, vitamin B12 malabsorption, achlorhydria, or gastric
      atrophy. The discovery of these immunological disorders raises the problem of
      their significance ; two hypotheses can be discussed : pre-Biermer state or
      immunological disturbance without pathogenetic significance. The problem can
      probably only be resolved by studying these antibody levels in a very much larger
      number of patients with myasthenia.

PMID- 394264
TI  - [Mandibular propulsion in the treatment of Class II division I by activators:
      comparison with growth predictions].

PMID- 394265
TI  - [Application methods for bonded inferior lingual arches].

PMID- 394266
TI  - [Emphysematous cholecystitis (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of emphysematous cholecystitis is reported. The gallblader size in this
      case was 25 x 12 cms. The patient underwent successful cholecystectomy and
      responded adequately to cloramphenicol, peniciline and metronidazol. The late
      antibiotics are usually recommended due to the prevalence of Clostridia and
      Escherinchia bacterial infections in the gallbladder of patients with this
      illness.

PMID- 394267
TI  - [Evaluation of the use of caerulein (ceruletide) in the postoperative of
      abdominal surgery].
AB  - In order to evaluate the efficacy of Caerulein in the postoperative stage of
      abdominal surgery, 25 patients received 0.3 mcg/kg intravenously every 4 hours.
      Bowel Movements, passage of gases, first evacuation and general improvement were
      compared to 25 patients in similar conditions who didn't receive the drug. The
      study group showed an earlier appearance of intestinal motility as compared to
      the control group. This contributed in a relevant matter to an earlier discharge
      from the hospital. The differences with the control group were statistically
      significative. The benefits of the drug in the management of the postoperative
      stage of abdominal surgery are discussed.

PMID- 394268
TI  - [Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of WHR-1142A in the treatment of non
      specific acute diarrhea].
AB  - A randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial of the safety and efficacy of
      lidamidine hydrochloride (WHR-1142A) in thirty patients with acute nonspecific
      diarrhea was conducted. During their 29-hour hospital treatment period, the
      average number of bowel movements for each ten patient treatment group was:
      placebo, 5.1: lidamidine hydrochloride (10 mg), 2.4; lidamidine hydrochloride (18
      mg), 2.5. The average weight of the feces of the patients in each treatment group
      was: placebo, 576 grams; lidamidine hydrochloride (10 mg), 364 grams; lidamidine
      hydrochloride (18 mg), 435 grams. Time intervals between each of the first two
      doses were greater for those patients in the active treatment groups (lidamidine
      hydrochloride) when compared to the placebo group. Overall evaluation of therapy
      was rated by physician and patient at end of study: placebo, 10 of 10, not
      effective; lidamidine hydrochloride (10 mg), 10 of 10 (100%) effective;
      lidamidine hydrochloride (18 mg), 10 of 10 (100%) effective. Vital signs and
      laboratory values remained within normal ranges throughout the duration of study,
      and no clinically significant adverse effects were reported.

PMID- 394270
TI  - [Characteristics of the outbreak and control of an epidemic of bacillary
      dysentery of hydric origin].
AB  - In December 1978, an unexpected outbreak of acute gastroenteritis occurred in a
      shoe factory. The clinical, epidemiological and laboratory investigations
      established the hydric origin of the dysentery due to Shigella flexneri 3 a,
      caused by the illicit communication of the drinking water and industrial water
      mains. The antiepidemic measures promptly taken arrested the outbreak in three
      days ; there were no secondary, contact cases.

PMID- 394269
TI  - [Gastric secretion after vagotomy at different levels].
AB  - It is well known that all the different procedures of vagotomy have a great
      variability in the clinical results and a high incidence of positivity in the
      Hollander's tests, this probably due to the arrangement of the vagus nerves in
      the low third of the esophagus and its connection with the mienteric plexus. In a
      group of ten dogs with a gastric fistula we obtained first a sufficient number of
      assays with vagal stimulation, later on vagotomy was done at the level of the
      esophago-gastric union (EGU), getting a decrease in the gastric secretion of
      hydrochloric acid of 64%, afterwards a second section of the vagus nerves was
      practiced, five centimeters above the EGU having an inhibition of 90% and finally
      95% was attained when the vagotomy was done 15 centimeters above the EGU. It is
      concluded that it is needed a long vagal resection of the last ten centimeters,
      instead of the classic section of the nerve at the gastroesophagic union; it is
      the same case with a parietal cell mass vagotomy.

PMID- 394271
TI  - [Studies concerning dysenteric infections in a closed children's community before
      and after antidysenteric vaccination. I. Epidemiological considerations on acute
      intestinal infections].
AB  - In the closed children's community studied between 1 Jan. 1976 and 13 June 1977,
      a high proportion (54%) of the total number of acute intestinal infections was of
      dysenteric etiology, i.e. 46,9% in the 0--1 year age-group and 21,1% in the 1--3
      years age-group, the dominant Shigella subtype being represented by Shigella
      flexneri 2a (25.1%). As only 37.2% of the total number of dysentery cases were
      manifested by enterocolitis and a high proportion (33.3%) ran a chronic course,
      the disease was not immediately diagnosed, an inadequate treatment was applied
      and a great number of carriers appeared. This, together with the high receptivity
      of such communities, accounts for the endemoepidemic character of the infection.
      Antidysenteric vaccination with the VADIZEN Dr. Istrati live bacillus vaccine,
      followed by a period of postvaccinal protection, with diminution in the number of
      dysentery, carriage and enteritis cases, both among the vaccinated and the non
      vaccinated children, proves the utility of this vaccine in closed children's
      communities.

PMID- 394272
TI  - [Professor Nicolae Nestorescu, continuator of the Romanian School of Microbiology
      (13 September 1901-14 November 1969)].

PMID- 394273
TI  - [History of smallpox vaccination in Romania and source of the IC strains of
      vaccinia virus].
AB  - Smallpox existed in Romania since the 17th century, when both variolation and
      vaccinia were used for preventing the disease. Jenner's vaccination was performed
      in 1801 in Cluj and Tirgu Mures and extended to the entire country during the
      following 31 years. The vaccinia virus strain used for preparing the smallpox
      vaccine was received in 1893 from the Vaccine Institute of Berlin by Prof.
      Riegler of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest. In 1949, it was taken
      over by the Cantacuzino Institute and has been carried through at most 27
      passages in buffalo calves ; it is now designated as strain ICn+m27.

PMID- 394274
TI  - The value and results of long-term studies with diclofenac sodium (Voltarol).
AB  - The results of 940 patients treated with diclofenac for 3 to 24 months in
      comparative and non-comparative trials are presented. Maximal improvement tended
      to occur in the first 3 to 6 months of treatment and was generally maintained.
      Diclofenac was at least as effective as equivalent doses of indomethacin and
      naproxen and, when treatment lasts more than 3 months, may be more effective. The
      majority of patients reporting unwanted effects or discontinuing treatment did so
      in the first 6 months. Unwanted effects (similar to those in short-term trials)
      were mainly gastrointestinal. Central nervous system, cardiovascular and
      dermatological side-effects were reported in 1% or less of patients. The long
      term laboratory tolerability of diclofenac was good, with no changes in the
      nature, frequency or severity of abnormal tests with increasing duration of
      treatment. During the development of diclofenac sodium (Voltarol) various types
      of long-term investigation were conducted (Table I). This paper presents the
      results, covering a total of 940 patients treated for 3-24 months, and discusses
      their significance.

PMID- 394275
TI  - Diclofenac sodium (Voltarol) and indomethacin: a multicentre comparative study in
      rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
AB  - A five-centre double-blind crossover trial of two two-week periods using
      diclofenac and indomethacin showed that both drug groups (51 patients) with
      rheumatoid arthritis responded similarly in relation to pain scores and morning
      stiffness. It was noted that the response was better in inpatients than in
      outpatients, despite differences in disease severity. In the osteoarthritis trial
      (58 patients) it was shown that neither drug significantly reduced resting pain,
      although both drugs were significantly better in reducing pain on movement;
      however, patient preference was for diclofenac. Three patients treated with
      indomethacin withdrew owing to side-effects, compared with one on diclofenac. A
      slight but significant decrease in haemoglobin levels was observed in both
      treatment groups with osteoarthritis, but this did not appear to be symptom
      related.

PMID- 394277
TI  - Comparative clinical trials with diclofenac sodium (Voltarol) and naproxen in
      rheumatic conditions: investigation of possible changes in diclofenac dose and
      dose interval.
AB  - In an open, comparative multicentre trial, 96 patients with arthritis of the
      large joints were treated with 75 mg diclofenac in one single dose in the
      morning, 50 mg diclofenac given twice daily, or 250 mg naproxen administered
      twice a day. It was noted that the length of history of pain was significantly
      longer in this naproxen group. Duration of the study was 14 days. Clinical
      parameters showed that the best degree of improvement was obtained with the
      diclofenac 50 mg twice-daily dosage regime. Diclofenac, in this study, showed
      better tolerability than naproxen.

PMID- 394276
TI  - Diclofenac sodium (Voltarol): drug interactions and special studies.
AB  - Diclofenac (Voltarol) has no effect on carbohydrate metabolism, insulin levels or
      tolbutamide metabolism, nor does it enhance the effect of tolbutamide, biguanide
      or glibenclamide. Although it produces minimal increases in prothrombin and
      partial thromboplastin times in healthy volunteers, it does not significantly
      affect the individual clotting factors, nor does it, in patients, enhance the
      effect of acenocoumarol or phenprocoumon. Like many other other non-steroidal
      anti-inflammatory drugs, it increases platelet aggregation time. There is a
      pharmacokinetic interaction between aspirin and diclofenac. Two independent
      studies have shown that aspirin markedly reduces the bioavailability of
      diclofenac, as measured by "area under the curve". Furthermore, patients
      exhibiting aspirin sensitivity as bronchospasm are likely to react to diclofenac
      in the same manner. Finally, diclofenac, as tested using excretion of 51Cr
      labelled red cells, induces minimal gastrointestinal blood loss, significantly
      less so than aspirin or naproxen.

PMID- 394278
TI  - Analysis of the Brazilian literature on diclofenac sodium (Voltarol).

PMID- 394280
TI  - Diclofenac (Voltarol) in rheumatoid arthritis: a report of a double-blind trial.
AB  - A double-blind trial compared diclofenac with placebo in 44 outpatients. On from
      each group dropped out with dyspepsia, and one (placebo group) with ineffective
      treatment. Twenty completers received diclofenac. Dosage was one tablet (25 mg
      diclofenac) three times daily during the first week. In the second (final) week,
      most patients had four or six tablets. Diclofenac had significantly greater
      effect on pain, grip, morning stiffness, joint tenderness and swelling, and in
      comparison to previous treatments, even though the placebo group required
      significantly more rescue anaglesic. A few patients in each group had slight
      dyspepsia. One in the active and six in the placebo group complained of minor
      central nervous system symptoms. There were no serious side-effects.
      Haematological, biochemical and urinary analyses showed no clinically important
      changes. It is concluded that, in the short term, diclofenac (Voltarol) is
      effective in relieving the symptoms of inflammatory polyarthritis. It is well
      tolerated as placebo medication, and had no detrimental haematological or
      biochemical effects.

PMID- 394279
TI  - A double-blind comparison of diclofenac sodium (Voltarol) and placebo in
      inpatients with rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - This preliminary study compared placebo with diclofenac (50 mg, rising to 150 mg
      per day) in a crossover study for seven days in thirteen inpatients. Regardless
      of the marked overall effect of hospitalization, an additional effect of
      diclofenac on grip strength and p.i.p. joint swelling was demonstrated, as well
      as a significant reduction in pain and in analgesic requirements. In addition, an
      improved technique for assessing the effect of NSAI drugs on p.i.p. joint
      swelling is described.

PMID- 394281
TI  - An open assessment of the efficacy and tolerability of diclofenac sodium
      (Voltarol) in patients with rheumatic disease and a comparative study of
      diclofenac sodium (Voltarol) with indomethacin in patients with osteoarthritis
      and rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The efficacy and tolerability of diclofenac was studied in an initial two-week
      assessment study in 24 patients with rheumatic disease. During the first week
      patients received 1 x 25 mg diclofenac t.d.s., with subsequent dosage adjustments
      according to response. Most completers showed improvement in joint pain and
      functional grade, and patients' rating of their condition indicated a significant
      improvement. Nine patients were withdrawn because of poor symptom control or side
      effects, and there were a number of other minor side-effects not necessitating
      withdrawal. However, there were no persistent or lasting side-effects, and
      laboratory tests revealed no significant abnormalities. In a two-week double
      blind study, diclofenac was compared with indomethacin in 43 outpatients with
      osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. Dosage in the first week was 1 x 25 mg
      tablet of either diclofenac or indomethacin (random allocation) t.d.s., with
      further adjustments as necessary. There were no significant differences in the
      effectiveness of the two drugs, and no differences in dosage requirements. Three
      patients were withdrawn from each treatment group. Gastrointestinal side-effects
      predominated in the diclofenac-treated group, with central nervous system
      unwanted effects more frequent in the indomethacin group.

PMID- 394282
TI  - Diclofenac sodium (Voltarol): a double-blind comparative study with ibuprofen in
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A double-blind comparative trial in 60 patients, using diclofenac (Voltarol) and
      ibuprofen (Brufen), showed a considerable improvement in morning stiffness
      amongst females in the diclofenac group. However, no significant differences was
      noted between these two drugs in relation to pain score, articular index or
      proximal interphalangeal joint size. Analysis of withdrawals and side-effects
      suggests that while ibuprofen may be slightly better tolerated, it is also
      associated with significantly more withdrawals due to lack of effect. No
      significant change in laboratory studies was noted, except for a slight decrease
      in mean haemoglobin levels. The trialist noted that all of the drop-outs and side
      effects reported came from one hospital out of the four participating; this was
      possibly due to differences in pre-trial drug therapy and to the hospital being
      in an urban, rather a rural, situation.

PMID- 394283
TI  - [Prosthetic difficulties in patients receiving radiation therapy for non
      neoplastic pathology in the orofacial region].

PMID- 394284
TI  - [Physiological and biological aspects of the adrenal cortex].

PMID- 394286
TI  - [Clinical aspects and diagnostic problems in metabolic adrenocortical
      hyperfunction].

PMID- 394285
TI  - [Etiopathology of Cushing's syndrome].

PMID- 394287
TI  - [Treatment of metabolic adrenocortical hyperfunction].

PMID- 394288
TI  - [Acquired androgenic adrenocortical hyperfunction].

PMID- 394289
TI  - [Congenital androgenic adrenocortical hyperfunction].

PMID- 394290
TI  - [Primary hyperaldosteronism - Conn's syndrome].

PMID- 394291
TI  - [Essential arterial hypertension: a presumed culprit, the kidney].

PMID- 394292
TI  - [Jacques Forestier].

PMID- 394293
TI  - [Demonstration of a parotid salivary immunity reaction during chronic oral
      candidiasis (author's transl)].
AB  - The study of specific salivary anti-candida immunoglobulins during chronic
      candidiasis of the oral mucosa demonstrates the existence of a local parotid
      immunity reaction, the total IgA level is not altered.

PMID- 394294
TI  - [Treatment of Binder's maxillonasal dysostosis (author's transl)].
AB  - The treatment of Binder's maxillonasal dysostosis raises many problems and
      difficulties of both orthodontic and surgical natures. Orthodontic therapy should
      be conducted as early as possible and include, principally, an advancement of the
      maxilla by heavy extra-oral postero-anterior traction on an orthodontic mask. If
      good occlusion is obtained the patient can then be treated to improve the
      anatomical conditions of the muscles of the nose and upper lip. Maxillary, and
      more rarely mandibular osteotomies are indicated in cases with poor occlusion.
      When occlusion is reasonably good the hypoplasia has to be compensated for by
      using large portions of ilac bone to reconstruct the ridge and point of the nose.
      A preseptal graft on the ridge and secondarily, revisions of the point of the
      nose are often essential to ensure the best results.

PMID- 394295
TI  - A comparison between the transthoracic electrical impedance method and the direct
      Fick and the dye dilution methods for cardiac output measurements in man.
AB  - In fourteen patients referred for preoperative evaluation of heart disease we
      compared the transthoracic electrical impedance method to the direct Fick (four
      patients) and dye dilution methods (ten patients) for estimation of cardiac
      output. On statistical analysis of paired differences we found no reliable
      agreement between the absolute impedance values and the reference methods. The
      reproducibility was, however, acceptable, and the coefficient of variation for
      impedance cardiac output was 7.8%, and for impedance stroke volume 7.6%. Our
      conclusion is that in patients with advanced heart disease cardiac output cannot
      be determined with accuracy with the impedance cardiographic method. In clinical
      practice this must be considered so important, that we hesitate to use the method
      for monitoring cardiac output in critically ill patients even if the
      reproducibility for individual changes is acceptable.

PMID- 394296
TI  - Acetate production and substrate availability in the dog.
AB  - Arterial plasma acetate, glucose and NEFA concentrations were measured during
      loading with glucose/insulin and fat emulsion/heparin, and during epinephrine and
      norepinephrine stimulation in dogs. The expected alterations in glucose and NEFA
      concentrations were found. Acetate concentrations were not influenced, and
      remained constant in all experiments. Since acetate removal from the body pool is
      mainly concentration dependent, it may be concluded that acetate production was
      constant under the conditions described. "Overflow disposal" of AcSCoA to yield
      free acetate in cases of high rates of AcSoA-production does not occur as long as
      the Krebs cycle is intact.

PMID- 394297
TI  - A modified [125I]fibrinogen technique for thrombus detection in the whole leg.
AB  - The [125I]fibrinogen uptake test was modified to give a quick result, and improve
      sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). At
      least 800 counts were recorded at each measuring point. The leg veins were
      emptied more effectively. Thus the proximal thigh could be evaluated and the
      influence of varicose veins reduced. The feet and the leg points were measured in
      a zig-zag order (from side to side) to avoid systematic errors in early
      diagnosis. The modified test detected 62% of the thrombi 1 h after injection, 82%
      after 1 day and 95% after 2 days. The method still lacks in specificity; this is
      unavoidable since fibrin accumulates in various other conditions than DVT. The
      combination of high sensitivity and low specificity makes the modified test
      reliable as a screening procedure, but not as an independent method.

PMID- 394298
TI  - Effect of aggregates on albumin standardization.
AB  - In order to investigate the consequences of presence of aggregates in human
      albumin standards, pools of monomer, dimer and polymer albumin were prepared and
      quantitated by three total-protein methods (biuret, Folin-Lowry and
      spectrophotometry at 279 nm) and by four different albumin methods (dye-binding
      by bromcresol green, electroimmunoassay, radial immunodiffusion and automated
      immunoprecipitation). Biuret was chosen as the reference method and the monomer
      was used as the standard in all methods. Both the total-protein and albumin
      methods gave values for aggregated albumin different from the biuret values. The
      maximal bias occurred in radial immunodiffusion where quantitation of the dimer
      and polymer pools gave only 67% and 48% of the biuret values, respectively. In
      five commercial albumin preparations investigated, the content of di- and polymer
      varied from 3 to 34%. Uncritical use of albumin preparations in standardization
      may thus introduce bias in the measurements.

PMID- 394299
TI  - Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase deficiency in Fanconi's anaemia established by
      two independent methods of assay.
AB  - Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD; E.C.1.15.1.1) levels were quantitated in
      human haemolysates, both by an immunological technique and by an activity assay.
      The erythrocyte SOD activity level in a group of seven Fanconi's anaemia patients
      was significantly decreased (27%, on the average) compared to a control group of
      nineteen healthy individuals. The fact that both the activity per antigenic unit
      and the electrophoretic mobility of the erythrocyte SOD was normal indicates that
      the deficiency in these Fanconi's anaemia patients is most probably not due to a
      mutation in the structural gene for the enzyme but more likely due to a disturbed
      mechanism regulating the SOD level in the erythrocyte.

PMID- 394300
TI  - Pre-endoscopic medication. A randomized double-blind trial of atropine and
      meperidine as a supplement to diazepam.
AB  - The effects of an intramuscular injection of atropine (0.6 mg) and meperidine (1
      mg/kg body weight) 30 min before topical benzocaine and intravenous diazepam
      administration were compared with those of a control group that received only
      benzocaine and intravenous diazepam in a randomized double-blind controlled trial
      of premedication for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in 100 consecutive
      patients. Atropine and meperidine decreased the amount of salivation and gastric
      secretion (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.001, respectively) and increased
      the period of sedation (p less than 0.001). The patients' and examiners'
      evaluation of the procedure was the same with either premedication regimen.
      Neither regimen affected the success rate of the endoscopy. Regardless of the
      regimen used, every patient who underwent endoscopy stated that they would
      consent to another examination, if necessary. Patients judged before endoscopy to
      be most apprehensive tolerated the procedure least, and those judged to be least
      apprehensive tolerated the procedure best, irrespective of premedication. The
      addition of meperidine and atropine to a premedication regimen of diazepam and
      topical benzocaine does not appear to be beneficial.

PMID- 394301
TI  - The release of enterokinase following secretin and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin
      in man.
AB  - The release of enterokinase into human duodenal fluid was studied after
      intravenous injections of secretin and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ). In
      five control subjects there was a significant release of the enzyme after
      stimulation with either hormone. A similar release of enterokinase was observed
      after hormonal stimulation in three patients with total biliary obstruction and
      in four patients with pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. These results suggest
      that the hormone-mediated release of enterokinase is independent of bile salts
      and trypsin in man. This release of enterokinase into duodenal fluid may be
      physiologically important in protein digestion.

PMID- 394302
TI  - Gastric ulcer therapy with a pepsin-inactivating peptide, pepstatin: a double
      blind randomized clinical trial.
AB  - Sixty consecutive patients with gastric ulcer were studied at random after
      treatment with 100 mg pepstatin or 100 mg placebo seven times a day at fixed
      hours and controlled 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after initial diagnosis. Examinations
      comprised clinical symptoms and endoscopic evaluation of ulcer healing. Eight
      patients were withdrawn from the study. Ulcer healing and symptoms were better
      with placebo than with pepstatin, but a type-2 error of a 10% effect in favour of
      pepstatin may be overlooked. In gastric ulcer treatment, pepstatin seems to be of
      only fringe benefit, if of any benefit at all.

PMID- 394303
TI  - Premedication for gastroscopy. A comparative study of diazepam, dixyrazine, and
      placebo.
AB  - In a study of 52 consecutive out-patients the effects of diazepam and dixyrazine
      were compared with each other and with placebo as premedication for elective
      gastroscopy. All patients also received topical lidocaine and intravenous
      administration of propantheline bromide immediately before the examination. No
      difference was found between diazepam and dixyrazine, but they were both
      significantly superior to placebo in relieving anxiety, retching, and
      eructations.

PMID- 394304
TI  - Protective immunity to chronic bacterial infection.

PMID- 394305
TI  - Plaque assay with protein A-coated erythrocytes for the evaluation of human
      immunoglobulin-secreting cells induced by pokeweed mitogen.
AB  - Cells secreting IgM, IgG and IgA were evaluated in cultures of human peripheral
      blood lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with pokeweed mitogen by a haemolytic
      plaque assay using protein A-coated erythrocytes in the presence of class
      specific antisera. Kinetic study revealed that immunoglobulin-secreting cells
      appeared after 3 days of culture and peaked between days 5 and 7. IgM-secreting
      cells predominated throughout the culture period. This plaque assay is a useful
      and sensitive in vitro test for the evaluation of polyclonal B-cell activation in
      humans and may provide a good approach to the study of disturbances in the
      synthesis of the various classes of immunoglobulins.

PMID- 394306
TI  - Phytohaemagglutinin responsiveness of non-adherent nude spleen cells.
AB  - Non-adherent spleen cells from athymic nude mice showed incorporation of
      tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR) at a level comparable to that of non-adherent cells
      of normal mice when stimulated with the T-cell mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA).
      The optimal dose of PHA was 50 microliter/ml for nude cells, a concentration that
      does not stimulate normal cells. In comparison, 2.5 microliter/ml PHA was optimal
      for cells of normal mice. Anti-theta serum plus complement treatment of the non
      adherent nude spleen cells reduced 3H-TdR incorporation by approximately 50%,
      suggesting that some of the responding cells carried the theta antigen. Direct
      immunofluorescence showed that the non-adherent nude spleen cells contained 6-9%
      theta-positive cells. In comparison, more than 80% of the PHA-induced nude blast
      cells were theta-positive. PHA-induced DNA synthesis of normal mouse spleen cells
      was inhibited by adherent nude spleen cells. No theta-antigen or surface
      immunoglobulin could be demonstrated on these inhibitory cells, suggesting that
      they belong to the macrophage system of the nude mouse spleen.

PMID- 394307
TI  - Diagnostic specificity of immunoglobulin M (IgM) response in differentiation
      Legionnaires' disease from psittacosis.
AB  - Specific IgM and IgG antibody responses to Legionella pneumophila (LDB) and
      Chlamydia psittaci (PSI) in serum specimens from 22 cases of Legionnaires'
      Disease (LD) were examined by micro-immunofluorescence (IF) tests to explore the
      diagnostic significance of the IgM antibody response. Serial samples from 5
      patients with LD showed greater than or equal to 4-fold changes in IgG antibody
      against LDB and PSI. All 5 patients possessed IgM antibodies against LDB but not
      against PSI. In single convalescent serum samples from 17 additional cases, 16
      exhibited IgG and 15 showed IgM antibodies against LDB; all 17 exhibited IgG but
      not IgM antibodies against PSI. The IgM antibody response appears more specific
      than the corresponding IgG response in the serodiagnosis of LD, and may be
      valuable in differentiating LDB infections from those due to PSI.

PMID- 394308
TI  - Urography and isotope renography following renal transplantation.
AB  - The clinical yield from routine urography following renal transplantation was
      compared with that from isotope renography. In 50 recipients of renal
      transplants, 59 urograms and 55 renograms were studied. The most common
      pathologic finding at urography was renal papillary necrosis (in 6 patients).
      This condition had no obvious correlation with the further fate of the
      transplant. There were no other significant pathologic changes. It is concluded
      that isotope renography can be regarded as sufficient for routine follow-up. One
      baseline urogram is useful, but additional urographies should be carried out only
      when clinically indicated.

PMID- 394309
TI  - Renovascular hypertension after kidney transplantation.
AB  - The development of hypertension after kidney transplantation was examined in a
      consecutive series of 83 transplantations (79 patients) with a graft survival of
      more than 30 days. After transplantation, 50% of the normotensive recipients
      developed mild or severe hypertension, while 74% of the hypertensive recipients
      remained hypertensive. Stenosis of the graft artery with a narrowing of the
      diameter of more than 50% was found in 13 patients and in 3 patients a minor or
      peripheral stenosis was found. Significantly more stenoses were seen in the
      presence of two donor arteries, whereas no other etiological factors could be
      shown. In arterial stenosis, severe hypertension was established within a few
      months after transplantation, but in spite of satisfactory controlled blood
      pressure and good graft function, hypertensive crises could arise. It is
      therefore concluded that arteriography and renin analysis should be considered in
      all cases of severe hypertension, and surgical correction should be considered
      when arterial stenosis is present.

PMID- 394310
TI  - Comparison of a new parallel-flow, plate dialyser and a hollow fibre dialyser.
AB  - A new, low-price, parallel-flow, plate dialyser--the LPP dialyser--has been
      compared with a hollow fibre dialyser--the C-DAK dialyser. At dialysate flows of
      510-680 ml/min and blood flows 140-200 ml/min the clearances of urea, creatinine
      and uric acid were 30-40 ml/min greater in the C-DAK dialyser. In the patients
      the mean creatinine at end of dialysis increased 1.7 mg% during treatment with
      the LPP dialyser. The ultrafiltration rate was found to be greater in the LPP
      dialyser than in the C-DAK dialyser. No membrane ruptures were observed in 200
      LPP dialysers compared to 2 of 1200 C-DAK dialysers. The mean residual blood
      volume was 6.4 ml in the LPP dialyser + blood lines and 5.3 ml in the C-DAK
      dialyser + blood lines. The difference is insignificant. The LPP dialyser may be
      useful when dialysis is carried out frequency and when overhydration is a major
      problem.

PMID- 394311
TI  - Continuous blood glucose monitoring and characteristics of diabetes in patients
      on maintenance haemodialysis treatment.
AB  - The glucose metabolism of diabetes mellitus during maintenance haemodialysis
      treatment was studied in four patients with endstage renal failure. There was a
      large day-to-day variation in the predialysis blood glucose levels, which it was
      difficult to control by adjusting the insulin dose. In spite of very high blood
      glucose levels, blood lactate and beta-hydroxybutyrate were not elevated.
      Triglycerides were markedly and constantly elevated, in no apparent association
      with the predialysis blood glucose level. The patients were shown to release
      moderate amounts of glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate and lactate into the dialysate
      during the dialysis period. A technique of continuous blood glucose monitoring
      during the haemodialysis period was applied. With this technique blood sugar
      levels were accurately determined during the whole dialysis period. A rapid drop
      in the blood glucose level was found in apparent association with an aggravation
      of symptoms. A very marked tendency to hypoglycaemia was also revealed. It is
      concluded that the technique is a valuable aid in the proper management of
      diabetes in these cases.

PMID- 394312
TI  - The placebo effect.
AB  - The most important factors influencing the effects drugs and other therapeutic
      measures are discussed. i.e. 1) variations between different patients-
      "individual factors", 2) variations in the environment--"occupational factors",
      3) variations in compliance, 4) variations in the spontaneous course of the
      disease, and 5) variations in the effect of placebo. It is pointed out that "the
      placebo effect" must always be allowed for when evaluating different methods of
      treatment.

PMID- 394313
TI  - Immunoprofile studies in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. I. Correlation of
      pretherapy cellular tests with characteristics of the disease.
AB  - Cell immunity profiles were determined in 46 patients with previously untreated
      pulmonary tuberculosis, confirmed bacteriologically, and in 21 blood donors.
      Evaluations were made of T-lymphocytes, blastic transformation of lymphocytes
      after stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin or tuberculoprotein, and migration
      inhibition of blood leukocytes stimulated by tuberculo-protein. The average
      proportion of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood was significantly diminished
      in the group of tuberculous patients, and the intensity of the decline correlated
      both with age and extent of the disease. Similarly, migration of leukocytes in
      tuberculous patients was, in the presence of tuberculoprotein, markedly
      inhibited. The inhibition was correlated to the extent of the disease, expressed
      as the number of bacilli excreted. It can be concluded that, despite the
      depression of immunocompetent cells, active daughter clones under the influence
      of a specific antigen are capable of producing a factor conditioning migration
      inhibition.

PMID- 394314
TI  - Lung compliance and lung morphology following artificial ventilation in the
      premature and full-term rabbit neonate.
AB  - Rabbit neonates delivered on day 27--30 of gestation were subjected to
      intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) for 60 min. Tidal volume was
      standardized to  10 ml/kg, and the insufflation pressure required to maintain
      this tidal volume was recorded. The quasistatic compliance of the lung-thorax
      system, corrected for variations in body weight, was significantly lower in
      animals delivered on day 27--28 than in those delivered on day 29--30. Immature
      animals with low lung-thorax compliance (less than 0.40 ml/cm H2O.kg) regularly
      developed widespread necrosis of bronchiolar epithelium following IPPV, whereas
      no such lesions were observed in mature animals. It seems probable that these
      lesions are secondary to overdistension of bronchioles during IPPV and that this
      abnormal expansion pattern is related to a deficiency of surfactant in the lungs
      of immature newborn animals.

PMID- 394315
TI  - [Absorption and hematologic effect of streptokinase-streptodornase (varidase)
      after intracavital or oral administration].
AB  - A series of patients who received intracavitary streptokinase/streptodornase
      after thoracotomy or laparotomy were compared with a control group. They showed a
      highly significant increase in plasma streptokinase tolerance, indicating
      absorption of the streptokinase from the cavity. Changes in blood coagulation,
      plasma cell count and immunoglobulins were not observed. In a series of patients
      with leg ulcers treated with streptokinase/streptodornase by mouth, no increase
      in plasma streptokinase tolerance was observed, indicating that orally
      administered streptokinase is not absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract.

PMID- 394317
TI  - [Nuclear medical methods for the detection of coronary disease].
AB  - Three developments in recent years have speeded the advance of nuclear
      cardiology: gamma cameras have become available, computers have been introduced
      into nuclear medicine, and radionuclides such as Tc99m and Tl201 have become
      easily obtainable for imaging purposes. The imaging of the myocard with Tl201 has
      its established place in cardiology. Sensitivities of about 90% and specificities
      of about 80-90% make Tl201 exercise tests a powerful tool for detection of
      coronary artery disease (CAD) in a preselected population. Ejection fraction can
      be measured at rest and during exercise where an absent increase during physical
      stress is clearly abnormal (and also not necessarily specific for CAD).
      Sensitivities of 80-90% and specificities around 90% for detection of CAD seem
      possible. Wall motion abnormalities again can be brought out during exercise and
      serve to localize impaired ventricle function. Tc99m-pyrophosphate studies seem
      to have some implications to prognosis if myocardial accumulation persists. Only
      preliminary reports are thus far available for these two studies.

PMID- 394316
TI  - [The 100th anniversary of Prof. Alfred Vogt, 31 October 1879-10 December 1943].

PMID- 394318
TI  - [Myasthenia gravis and visceral lupus erythematosus].
AB  - The patient described in this clinical demonstration suffered from severe
      myasthenia gravis shortly before the detection and for 3 years after surgical
      removal of a cystic thymoma. At the end of this period, when the myasthenia
      subsided, she developed systemic lupus erythematosus simultaneously with pleural
      implantation metastases of the thymoma. After local radiation therapy and under
      systemic immunosuppression she has remained asymptomatic since the spring of
      1978. The pathogenetic and immunogenetic basis of myasthenia gravis and
      autoimmune diseases associated with thymoma and thymus hyperplasia is reviewed,
      and a plea is entered for more comprehensive and integrative internal medicine.

PMID- 394319
TI  - [Hypertension in unilateral (non-vascular) nephrosclerosis: renin activity in the
      venous kidney blood and effect of nephrectomy].
AB  - 13 patients (9 females, 4 males) with hypertension and unilateral (non-vascular)
      small kidney underwent nephrectomy. Before surgery, renin activity (PRA) was
      measured in renal vein blood before and/or 15 and 30 minutes after intravenous
      stimulation with 40 mg furosemide. From these PRA values renin rations (PRA
      affected side/PRA unaffected side) were calculated. A ratio of greater than or
      equal to 1.5 was considered to be significant. After a mean postoperative
      observation period of 3.9 +/- 1.3 years 6 patients (46%) were cured and 6 were
      improved. In only 1 patient (8%) did hypertension remain unchanged. No
      differences could be observed between the renin ratios of cured and improved
      cases. Furthermore, in no patient was a correlation found between preoperative
      renin ratios and the degree of postoperative blood pressure reduction. Finally,
      both patients with renin ratios less than or equal to 1.4 were cured by surgery.
      Marked differences between cured and improved patients were seen in preoperative
      blood pressure values, age, duration of hypertension and renal function. Cured
      patients were younger and had much lower mean systolic and diastolic blood
      pressure values, shorter duration of hypertension and better renal function than
      improved patients. These results show that the diagnostic and prognostic validity
      of renal venous renin ratios is very limited in patients with a unilateral (non
      vascular) small kidney. In these patients the effect of nephrectomy can already
      be predicted by analyzing simple anamnestic, clinical and chemical data.

PMID- 394320
TI  - [Discontinuation of chronic hemodialysis due to improved kidney function caused
      by the control of arterial hypertension].
AB  - Following effective long-term antihypertensive therapy, hemodialysis could be
      discontinued in 4 patients with malignant hypertension in view of improved renal
      function. Diagnoses included nephroangiosclerosis (2 cases), scleroderma and
      chronic glomerulonephritis. All patients had symptoms of hypertension or renal
      disease for at least one year prior to initiation of hemodialysis treatment. At
      the outset, blood pressure averaged 249 +/- 43/150 +/- 22 mm Hg (mean +/- SD) and
      all patients had grade IV hypertensive retinopathy. After 1 to 20 months strict
      blood pressure control, renal function had improved to such a degree that
      hemodialysis could be discontinued. One year later, blood pressure averaged 138
      +/- 20/89 +/- 6 mm Hg and serum creatinine 3,2 +/- 1,2 mg/100 ml. These data
      suggest that in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure, strict control
      of blood pressure is of the utmost importance whatever the severity and nature of
      the underlying renal disease.

PMID- 394321
TI  - [Granulocyte defence against bacterial infection in diabetes mellitus with
      special reference to bactericidal activity].
AB  - Granulocytic defence against bacterial infection has been studied in a group of
      diabetic patients. With the skin chamber method markedly reduced leukocyte
      mobilization in vivo which was independent of metabolic compensation was found in
      all diabetic patients. Investigation of phagocytic function of Latex particles
      and bacterial killing of E. coli revealed firm dependence on metabolic
      regulation: in decompensated diabetes mellitus the two function tests were
      clearly pathological, whereas in the compensated metabolism there was no
      difference between normal individuals and diabetics. Thus, on granulocytic
      defence pathway analysis, this appears to confirm that reduction of infection
      depends on how diabetes is controlled.

PMID- 394322
TI  - [Heinrich Hunziker, M.D. on his 100th birthday].

PMID- 394323
TI  - South Dakota State Medical Association roster--1979: membership by districts.

PMID- 394324
TI  - Historic milestones in cancer research.

PMID- 394325
TI  - A conceptual history of cancer.

PMID- 394326
TI  - Historic milestones in cancer surgery.

PMID- 394327
TI  - Historic milestones in cancer pathology.

PMID- 394328
TI  - Historic milestones in cancer epidemiology.

PMID- 394329
TI  - Milestones in chemical carcinogenesis.

PMID- 394330
TI  - Historic milestones in cancer virology.

PMID- 394331
TI  - Historic milestones in curative chemotherapy.

PMID- 394332
TI  - Historic milestones in cancer biology: a few that are important in cancer
      treatment (revisited).

PMID- 394333
TI  - Milestones in tumor immunology.

PMID- 394334
TI  - Cancer quackery--the past in the present.

PMID- 394336
TI  - [Glucagon secretion in obesity].

PMID- 394335
TI  - Sprengel's deformity. Radiology of the pathologic deformation.
AB  - A unique specimen of unilateral Sprengel's deformity, and contralateral normal
      pectoral girdle, were studied morphologically and roentgenographically. The
      cervical spine exhibited multiple abnormalities involving both the vertebral
      centra as well as the posterior elements (Klippel-Feil abnormality). A small
      spina bifida involving C5 and C6 was present. Abnormalities of the spinous
      processes included an articulation with a well-formed omovertebral bone that also
      articulated with the vertebral (infraspinatus) margin of the scapula. Secondary
      (presumed epiphyseal) ossification was present in the omovertebral bone at the
      distal end. The scapula was deformed, especially in the supraspinatus portion.
      The clavicle was shorter and had a different contour.

PMID- 394337
TI  - [Brief hemodialysis].

PMID- 394338
TI  - [Treatment of allergy to insulin products in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 394339
TI  - [Erysipeloid (epizootiology, epidemiology, clinical picture and prevention)].

PMID- 394340
TI  - [Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov--preeminent scientist and physiologist (on the 150th
      anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 394341
TI  - [Document research of the 1st epidemic of rabies register in the Mexican Republic
      in 1709].

PMID- 394342
TI  - [Therapeutic efficacy of mebendazole in massive trichocephaliasis].

PMID- 394343
TI  - [Risk of acquiring enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and its relation with
      diarrhea of the newborn].

PMID- 394344
TI  - [Selection and value of immunologic tests in digestive tract diseases].

PMID- 394345
TI  - [Health conditions in Pirot in the 9th decade of the 19th century].

PMID- 394346
TI  - [Dr. Milan Curcic (24 August 1919-31 May 1978)].

PMID- 394347
TI  - [50 years since the discovery of penicillin].

PMID- 394348
TI  - [Dr. Mirjana Stanojevic (April 8, 1939 - January 1, 1979)].

PMID- 394349
TI  - [Founding of the 1st Red Cross Society in Yugoslavia].

PMID- 394350
TI  - [A review of new literature in geriatric medicine].

PMID- 394351
TI  - [Dr. Stanko Spirov Matanovic (1875-1932) and his doctoral dissertation].

PMID- 394352
TI  - [Psychological and philosophic aspects of time phenomena in the works of Njegos].

PMID- 394353
TI  - [Primary radiotherapy of breast cancer].

PMID- 394354
TI  - [Double contrast visualization of individual small intestine sections without
      duodenal intubation: a clinical and experimental study].

PMID- 394355
TI  - [Risk, radiation dosage and quality of image in mammography].

PMID- 394356
TI  - [Efficiency and technic of radiologic fine needle punctures and biopsies in tumor
      diagnosis. Report on experiences during the last 12 years].

PMID- 394358
TI  - [Adaptation of the Chirolog 3 ventilator breathing system to intermittent
      artificial pulmonary respiration and its variants of spontaneous breathing with
      continuous pressure].

PMID- 394357
TI  - [Hypnomidate, a new intravenous non-barbiturate anesthetic (clinical trials)].

PMID- 394359
TI  - [Semi-quantitative culture method for the diagnosis of "catheter" sepsis].

PMID- 394360
TI  - Rapid identification of yeasts by serological methods: a combined serological and
      biological method.
AB  - A total of 387 yeasts from the contents of the digestive tracts of domestic
      animals and poultry were identified by slide agglutination tests using factor
      antisera and urease tests. The results of this serological test were very
      satisfactory with respect to accuracy and rapidity, particularly when performed
      in combination with concomitant physiological tests only for assimilation of
      inositol and potassium nitrate. It may be concluded that such a combination of
      serological and biological tests is very useful for identifying yeast strains
      from various sources.

PMID- 394361
TI  - The isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum, Cryptococcus neoformans and Blastomyces
      dermatitidis from the same natural site.

PMID- 394362
TI  - Role of strain difference and tetracycline on production of subcutaneous lesions
      by Candida albicans in experimental rats.

PMID- 394363
TI  - Overwhelming opportunistic histoplasmosis.
AB  - A patient with chronic granulocytic leukemia developed overwhelming
      histoplasmosis. During massive fungemia, 59% of peripheral blood neutrophils
      contained yeast forms. Disseminated intravascular coagulation occurred.
      Histoplasma capsulatum was isolated not only from the patient's tissues and
      urine, but also from a serum sample submitted to a reference laboratory for
      serological testing. The microorganism was demonstrated by specific
      immunofluorescent staining of peripheral blood films. We suggest that
      histoplasmosis deserves a definite place on the roster of "opportunistic fungi".

PMID- 394364
TI  - Opportunistic fungal infection by Fusarium oxysporum in a renal transplant
      patient.
AB  - A white female with chronic glomerular nephritis received a renal transplant in
      1971. After 1 year, Livido Reticularis (LR) developed and in 1976 erythematous,
      painful nodules formed on the LR and ulcerated. The patient also suffered diffuse
      calcification of the major blood vessels and small arterioles of the extremities
      with progressive necrosis and gangrene of the fingers. Hyperparathyroidism was
      evident. The necrotic ulcers yielded Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporum;
      both organisms were seen in histological preparations. The ulcers were excised
      and grafted; no specific antifungal therapy was given.

PMID- 394365
TI  - Cryptococcus neoformans: gastronomic delight of a soil ameba.
AB  - During 7 days of incubation in vitro the trophozoite stage of the free-living
      soil amoeba, Acanthamoeba polyphaga, phagocytized and killed 78-97% of the cells
      of three strains of Cryptococcus neoformans. With one strain, incubation time was
      increased to nine days and 99% of the yeast cells were killed. It was calculated
      that during 4-9 days of incubation a single trophozoite phagocytized and killed a
      daily average of 84 yeast cells. The lethal effect of A. polyphaga on C.
      neoformans may represent a biological control mechanism in nature. Some of the
      surviving cells of C. neoformans developed into colonies containing pseudohyphae;
      these pseudolhyphal forms may be a biological 'escape hatch'.

PMID- 394366
TI  - Gastrointestinal inoculation of Cryptococcus neoformans in mice.

PMID- 394367
TI  - Requirement of heat-labile opsonins for maximal phagocytosis of Candida albicans.
AB  - The requirement for heat-labile opsonins for phagocytosis of 2 serologically
      distinct strains and a number of clinical isolates of Candida albicans was
      examined by a previously described radiometric technique. The results indicated
      that both strains and all 10 isolates of C. albicans examined required heat
      labile opsonins for maximal phagocytosis. The data suggest that heat-labile
      opsonins play an important role in immunity to C. albicans. However, the
      possibility that some strains of C. albicans may not utilize heat-labile opsonins
      cannot be excluded.

PMID- 394369
TI  - Comparative study of the effect of thiabendazole and fungizone on Histoplasma
      capsulatum in macrophages.
AB  - The antifungal properties of Fungizone (amphotericin B intravenous solution) and
      thiabendazole on Histoplasma capsulatum within guinea pig macrophages were
      compared using the staining method and a newly developed plating method to
      determine the viability of intracellular H. capsulatum. The two methods were
      compared to determine the effectiveness of Fungizone and thiabendazole on H.
      capsulatum within macrophages. Fungizone was fungicidal for intracellular H.
      capsulatum, killing 99.9% of the yeasts at a concentration of 0.5 microgram/ml.
      There was some indication that non-viable intracellular yeasts were stained which
      could result in misinterpretation of the effectiveness of Fungizone using the
      staining method unless the yeasts are very closely examined for staining
      abnormalities. There was a good correlation between the two methods to
      demonstrate suppression of the multiplication of intracellular H. capsulatum in
      macrophages treated with 50 microgram/ml of thiabendazole. Thiabendazole was
      lethal for some intracellular H. capsulatum.

PMID- 394368
TI  - Effect of two imidazole antimycotics, clotrimazole and miconazole on amino acid
      transport in Candida albicans.

PMID- 394370
TI  - Walter John Nickerson, Professor of Microbiology at the Waksman Institute of
      Microbiology.

PMID- 394371
TI  - Syphilis as a cause of aneurysm.

PMID- 394372
TI  - Romanian hygiene and public health schools.

PMID- 394373
TI  - Workshop on "mutation and gene transfer in somatic cells".

PMID- 394374
TI  - Jjunoileal bypass for morbid obesity. A bibliographic study and a randomized
      clinical trial.

PMID- 394375
TI  - Vagotomy as a treatment for morbid obesity.
AB  - Based on animal experiments, on the original clinical observations of Dragstedt,
      and on similarities with appetitive behavior after jejunoileostomy, truncal
      vagotomy has been attempted as a treatment for morbid obesity in 13 patients with
      a mean weight of 123 kg. Weight decreases of 20 to 30 kg (range, 2 to 64 kg) have
      been observed so far. Impaired gastric emptying alone does not seem to account
      for the decreases. Possibly, improved glucose tolerance with reduction of
      hyperinsulinemia and other hormonal and/or neural effects are responsible for
      weight loss and lack of "hunger." The period of observation is short, yet 2 of
      the 13 patients seem to be failures, of whom one had gastric hyposecretion before
      operation. It is too early to consider the procedure for general clinical use,
      which must await further research efforts.

PMID- 394376
TI  - Adipose tissue morphology and morbid obesity.

PMID- 394377
TI  - Joseph Henry Reuss: founding chairman, Texas Surgical Society.

PMID- 394378
TI  - Cystic fibrosis: review of investigations of the mucociliary inhibitor.

PMID- 394379
TI  - Advances in cancer management--an essay on the application of basic science
      principles.

PMID- 394380
TI  - [Clinical significance of prolactin (author's transl)].

PMID- 394381
TI  - [Somatostatin. Hormone of the nervous system and of the gastrointestinal tract
      with multiple effects].

PMID- 394382
TI  - [Alternation of thyroidal function by overeating and starvation (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 394383
TI  - [Derivatives of vitamin d: basic considerations and therapeutic applications
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 394384
TI  - [Treatment of the newly discovered maturity-onset diabetes (author's transl)].

PMID- 394387
TI  - [Coronary insufficiency actual treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 394386
TI  - [The placebo (author's transl)].

PMID- 394385
TI  - Leo Liebermann (1852--1926): chemist, social hygienist and immunologist.

PMID- 394389
TI  - [Child health care in Norway in the past 60 years].

PMID- 394390
TI  - [In memorium Hesther Lubberts].

PMID- 394391
TI  - [Dr. P. Hoekstra, zootechnician/veterinarian].

PMID- 394388
TI  - [Long-term treatment of recurrent duodenal ulcer with cimetidine. A controlled
      trial of the effects of 1 year's medication].

PMID- 394392
TI  - [Enterotoxigenicity of salmonellae].

PMID- 394393
TI  - [Biological characteristics of 2 Shigella sonnei biotypes].

PMID- 394394
TI  - [Causative agents of category-II escherichiasis and the results of studies
      testifying to their circulation in the USSR].

PMID- 394395
TI  - [Characteristics of 2 biologically nonuniform varieties of enterotoxigenic
      Escherichia coli].

PMID- 394396
TI  - [E. M. Novgorodskaia, creator of an original school in the theory of acute
      intestinal infections].

PMID- 394397
TI  - [Results of the identification of enteropathogenic and enterotoxigenic
      Escherichia coli of category II not earlier isolated in the USSR (0112ac, 0152,
      06:H16, 015:H11, 078:H12)].

PMID- 394398
TI  - [Identification of cultures of toxigenic Escherichia coli of the standard 232
      serological group].

PMID- 394399
TI  - [Characteristics of the enterotoxin detectable in the supernatant fluids and cell
      lysates of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli].

PMID- 394400
TI  - [Method of determining the enterotoxigenicity of Escherichia coli on suckling
      mice].

PMID- 394401
TI  - [Comparative study of 2 methods of determining the ability of Escherichia coli to
      produce thermostable enterotoxin in suckling mice].

PMID- 394402
TI  - [Interaction of the intestinal epithelium with the causative agents of
      colienteritis in young infants].

PMID- 394403
TI  - [Biological characteristics of Salmonella typhimurium cultures isolated from
      children with nosocomially spread infection].

PMID- 394404
TI  - [Characteristics of microflora in patients with acute odontogenic infections
      treated at the dental polyclinic of Haskovo district during 1975-1976].

PMID- 394405
TI  - [Material and method for individual trays and denture bases].

PMID- 394406
TI  - [Complete denture accuracy changes related to packing method and polymerization].

PMID- 394407
TI  - [Dental acid etching methods--theoretical premises and practical application].

PMID- 394408
TI  - Chromosomal differentiation and adaptation to human environments in the Anopheles
      gambiae complex.
AB  - Speciation in the Anopheles gambiae complex is reviewed and discussed with
      emphasis on the patterns of chromosomal differentiation, particularly at the
      intraspecific level. The significance of inversion polymorphism in gambiae and
      arabiensis (the two species of greatest medical importance) is evaluated with
      reference to recent field investigations carried out in Nigeria. In both sibling
      species some of the inversions show clinical geographical changes in frequencies,
      with evident correlations with climatic conditions and vegetation zones.
      Microgeographical variations in species distribution and in intraspecific
      inversion frequencies are also present, which appear mostly related to man-made
      environmental contrasts. Parallel indoor-/outdoor collections of samples from
      polymorphic populations of arabiensis and gambiae show that adult mosquitoes
      carrying certain inversion karyotypes do not distribute at random in relation to
      the human environment, being significantly more frequent in outdoor than in
      indoor samples, or vice-versa. Optimal habitat choice appears to be involved in
      such variations of indoor resting behaviour, since the chromosomal types carried
      by less endophilic individuals are those more adapted to humid climates, i.e.
      those which tend to avoid the higher nocturnal saturation deficit of the indoor
      environment. This phenomenon, producing non-uniform exposure of the vector
      population to residual insecticides sprayed in houses, might explain the
      mediocrity of the results of malaria control projects based on house-spraying
      against endophilic vectors in the African savannas.

PMID- 394409
TI  - Folate malnutrition in tropical diarrhoeas.

PMID- 394410
TI  - Antigenic activity in adult Dipetalonema viteae in the indirect immunofluorescent
      test against sera from filariasis patients--the immunofluorescent histological
      search for "pure" antigen.
AB  - Using IFAT, it has been shown that isolated egg-shells and uterine fluid of
      Dipetalonema viteae are the most potent antigens in heterologous systems using
      human sera from patients infected with Wuchereria bancrofti, Onchocerca volvulus
      and Loa loa, as well as in homologous systems using sera from animals infected
      with D. viteae. It is suggested that these antigens are unlikely to be highly
      species-specific, and that anatomical isolation of antigens is a necessary
      prerequisite to immunochemical analysis aimed at the preparation of a "pure"
      antigen.

PMID- 394411
TI  - A simple laboratory method for the diagnosis of V. cholerae.
AB  - In many developing countries where cholera occurs, bacteriological facilities at
      the local level are lacking and either cholera may be unreported or other
      diarrhoeal diseases may be mistakenly reported as cholera. A simple and practical
      method, suitable for use in small hospitals and health centres and by field teams
      of health workers is described. Swab samples are streaked on to various media
      (TTGA and TCBS were found to be the most satisfactory), incubated overnight at 35
      degrees C and read. The characteristics which distinguish Vibrio cholerae
      colonies from others developing are described. In tests on 309 cholera patients,
      culture on TTGA gave 100% and on TCBS 96.7% positives.

PMID- 394412
TI  - Antisporozoite antibodies in mice immunized with irradiation-attenuated
      Plasmodium berghei sporozoites.
AB  - Sera from NMRI/NIH mice were tested for the presence of IgM and IgG anti
      sporozoite antibodies using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Both
      IgM and IgG antibody titres were related to the number of immunizations with
      irradition-attenuated Plasmodium berghei sporozoites, and protection from
      challenge with subsequent non-attenuated sporozoites correlated with the pre
      challenge antibody titre. Sera taken five days following challenge showed marked
      reductions in antibody titres, except for the group receiving the maximum (four)
      immunizations. Groups immunized with frozen sporozoites or mosquito tissue
      antigen developed neither antibodies to sporozoites nor protective immunity; nor
      did animals infected with parasitized blood. However, sera from mice immunized
      four times with attenuated sporozoites demonstrated IFA titres to blood-stage
      antigens. The results show that both IgM and IgG antisporozoite antibodies could
      be detected in mice immunized with attenuated-sporozoites by IFAT, and that the
      antibody titres correlated with protective immunity. Cross reaction with blood
      stage antigens occurred, but the test should still prove useful.

PMID- 394413
TI  - In vitro observations on hereditary spherocytosis and malaria.

PMID- 394414
TI  - Dr. Ernest A. H. Friedheim. A tribute on his eightieth birthday.

PMID- 394415
TI  - ABO blood groups and falciparum malaria.

PMID- 394416
TI  - Two hundred years of children.

PMID- 394417
TI  - Remarks on the Kate Hurd Mead lectures.

PMID- 394418
TI  - William Williams Keen, M.D. (1837-1932), surgeon and author.

PMID- 394419
TI  - Roots and ramifications of medicinal herbs in eighteenth-century North America.

PMID- 394420
TI  - A cloud of witnesses.

PMID- 394421
TI  - A medicine for "sickness of the spirit".

PMID- 394423
TI  - Memoir of John Harold Harris (1896-1975).

PMID- 394422
TI  - Memoir of Lemuel C. McGee.

PMID- 394424
TI  - Memoir of Winston Kinney Shorey (1919-76).

PMID- 394425
TI  - Memoir of Maurice Saltzman (1894-1976).

PMID- 394426
TI  - Memoir of Edward Louis Bauer (1890-1976).

PMID- 394427
TI  - Genetic linkage studies in man.

PMID- 394428
TI  - The HLA genetic linkage group.

PMID- 394429
TI  - Somatic cell hybrids, surface antigens, and monoclonal antibodies.

PMID- 394431
TI  - B-cell alloantigens on T lymphocytes.

PMID- 394430
TI  - HLA typing of amniotic cells: the prenatal diagnosis of congenital adrenal
      hyperplasia (21-OH-deficiency type).

PMID- 394432
TI  - Association of HLA in immune response to influenza-A immunization.

PMID- 394433
TI  - Blood transfusions and renal transplantation.

PMID- 394434
TI  - B-lymphocyte and kidney cell cross-reactive antibodies eluted from rejected human
      renal allografts.

PMID- 394435
TI  - Enhancing antibody in human renal transplantation.

PMID- 394436
TI  - DRw antigen matching and B-cell antibody crossmatching: their effect on clinical
      outcome of renal transplants.
AB  - In a series of 36 cadaver transplants, we have found that matching the DR
      antigens had greater value in predicting good transplant outcome than did
      matching the A and B antigens. A much larger series of transplants utilizing DR
      antigen matching will be necessary to confirm these promising results; however,
      it would appear that performed donor-specific BLC detected at room temperature
      have no relationship to subsequent transplant outcome. It is, however, important
      to differentiate them from weak HLA-A,B,C antibodies which have been proven to
      lead to accelerated rejection. We recommend that the clinical crossmatch include
      simultaneous B-cell-depleted and B-cell-enriched tests to avoid this problem.

PMID- 394437
TI  - Prospective estimates of probability of success of kidney transplants: a basis
      for recipient selection.

PMID- 394438
TI  - Sucessful renal allograft in the presence of York (Yka) and autologous B-cell
      antibodies.

PMID- 394439
TI  - ABH and Lewis antigens on lymphocytes: screening of pregnant women's sera with
      the B-cell cytotoxicity test.
AB  - Five phenotypes related to the ABH-Lewis substances were defined by the B-cell
      lymphocytotoxic test. These five antigens are built up in a stepwise fashion by
      the action of the glycosyl transferases specified by the Le, H, and the A, B
      genes onto the same ABO percursor molecules. The comparison of their chemical
      structures with the cluster analysis obtained by cytotoxicity suggests that
      antibodies reacting with large antigenic structures (pentasaccharides) have a
      more restricted specificity than antibodies reacting only with smaller antigenic
      determinants (trisaccharides).

PMID- 394440
TI  - Positive crossmatches due to autoantibodies in living-related transplantation.

PMID- 394441
TI  - The peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) method as a sensitive technique for
      demonstration of human cell surface antigens.

PMID- 394442
TI  - [Treatment of obesity with fenfluramine (Ponderal) in general practice].

PMID- 394444
TI  - [Meningitis caused by Gram-negative bacteria in newborn infants. Diagnosis and
      treatment plan].

PMID- 394443
TI  - [Thrombophlebitis after intravenous injection of diazepam. A prospective,
      randomized clinical trial].

PMID- 394445
TI  - [Cimetidine (Tagamet) in the treatment of duodenal ulcer. A controlled study].

PMID- 394448
TI  - Bibliography of diagnostic uses of ultrasound in medicine and biology from 1
      January 1971. No. 19.

PMID- 394446
TI  - [A controlled trial of cimetidine (Tagamet) in the treatment of stomach ulcer].

PMID- 394447
TI  - [Cimetidine treatment of bleeding ulcer. A controlled randomized study].

PMID- 394449
TI  - [Analysis of the stability of internally fixed pseudarthroses treated by
      autologous grafting with various bone transplants (author's transl)].

PMID- 394450
TI  - [Surgical treatment of hydrofluoric acid burns (author's transl)].

PMID- 394451
TI  - [Central hemodynamics and organ blood circulation in the kidney remaining after
      nephrectomy].

PMID- 394452
TI  - [Renin activity and the angiotensin content in the blood from the renal veins in
      arterial hypertension].

PMID- 394453
TI  - [Development of urology in the German Democratic Republic (on the 30th
      anniversary of the GDR)].

PMID- 394455
TI  - [Life and activities of Leopold Kasper (1859-1959)].

PMID- 394454
TI  - [Characteristics of calcium and phosphorus tubular transport in a transplanted
      kidney].

PMID- 394456
TI  - [New books on urology and nephrology].

PMID- 394457
TI  - [On the 70th birthday of K. E. Alken].

PMID- 394459
TI  - [In memoriam Petr Zinov'evich Presaizen].

PMID- 394460
TI  - [Use of polypropylene in ophthalmological microsurgery].

PMID- 394458
TI  - [In memoriam Natan Semenovich Puterman].

PMID- 394461
TI  - [Thermokeratoplasty with trusslike corneal fixation in surgical treatment of
      keratoconus].

PMID- 394462
TI  - [Memorable Russian ophthalmologists].

PMID- 394463
TI  - [In memory of Aleksandr Iakovlevich Samoilov].

PMID- 394465
TI  - Methods of suturing skin incisions in cattle: special considerations.

PMID- 394464
TI  - [Medical computer programming for active diagnosis of glaucoma].

PMID- 394466
TI  - Sow vaccination by combined oral and intramuscular antigen: a field study of
      maternal protection against neonatal Escherichia coli enteritis.
AB  - A field trial was conducted to test the efficacy of a vaccination programme which
      combines oral and parenteral antigen administration to produce IgM antibody in
      the colostrum of the sow. The trial involved 11 herds, each selected because of
      their history of neonatal Escherichia coli enteritis. Following more than 2300
      farrowings, the progeny from vaccinated sows required 75 per cent less medication
      to maintain a good standard of health. The average neonatal mortality decreased
      from 13.8 to 7.0 per cent and the number of pigs weaned increased by 0.6 per
      litter.

PMID- 394467
TI  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of African swine fever.

PMID- 394469
TI  - Cause of ill health and natural death in badgers in Gloucestershire.
AB  - During the period 1973 to 1976 inclusive, 1206 badger carcases were examined for
      evidence of tuberculosis and other diseases. Tuberculosis was the major cause of
      natural death, killing 39 per cent of the natural death cases, followed by bite
      wounding and starvation. Road traffic accidents were the greatest single cause of
      death.

PMID- 394468
TI  - The possible involvement of seagulls (Larus sp) in the transmission of salmonella
      in dairy cattle.
AB  - A series of infections in a herd of dairy cows by different salmonella serotypes
      over a seven year period is described. The source of infection appeared to be the
      private water supply contaminated by seagulls.

PMID- 394470
TI  - Immunological castration in male cattle.

PMID- 394471
TI  - Swabbing mares and stallions for CEM.

PMID- 394473
TI  - Potential use of bacteria in toxicology.

PMID- 394472
TI  - Sodium monofluoroacetate (SMFA, compound 1080): a literature review.

PMID- 394475
TI  - Occupational asthma bibliography.

PMID- 394474
TI  - Bibliography on toxicology of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX).

PMID- 394476
TI  - [Control of mycoplasmosis via poultry eggs and sperm by using tylosin].
AB  - A review is made on the existing references concerning the utilization of tilosin
      and some other antibiotics for limiting the distribution of or complitely
      eliminating mycoplasmosis in poultry and turkeys. Opportunities are discussed for
      preventing the emission of mycoplasmae with the eggs and spermal liquid of the
      diseased birds (treatment of the egg layer or of the sperm), as well as methods
      for elimination of the infection on the eggs (pre-incubation heating, dipping in
      antibiotic solutions or injection of various antibiotics). Most effective proved
      to be the methods of tilosin injection in the air camera of the eggs (1--3 mg/egg
      between the 7th and the 11th day from the beginning of incubation) and pre
      incubation dipping of the eggs in tilosin solutions of 1000--3000 ppm
      concentrations. Cheaper and more suitable for practical use is the first method.
      Precise recommendations are given for obtaining PPLO-free bird flocks.

PMID- 394478
TI  - Tercentenary of a Jamaican medical book.

PMID- 394477
TI  - Doctor Van Liere, associate journal editor, dies.

PMID- 394479
TI  - Adriamycin (doxorubicin) cardiotoxicity: a review.
AB  - Adriamycin (doxorubicin hydrochloride) is an antineoplastic agent effective
      against a wide range of malignant conditions, although cardiac toxicity,
      especially dose-dependent cardiomyopathy, limits its long-term use. Previous
      mediastinal radiation therapy or left ventricular dysfunction and advanced age
      increase the risk of this complication developing. Unfortunately, there is no
      readily available, noninvasive method that can predict Adriamycin-induced
      congestive heart failure (CHF). However, both endomyocardial biopsy and
      radionuclide ejection-fraction measurement are promising techniques which may
      soon permit selection of patients who can safely receive this drug. At present,
      Adriamycin-induced CHF can best be prevented by limiting the total dose as
      follows: 400 to 450 mg per sq meter following mediastinal radiation and 500 to
      550 mg per sq meter for patients without other significant risk factors.
      Consideration of dose-response data and use of a weekly schedule may soon permit
      the administration of Adriamycin for long-term antineoplasm therapy.

PMID- 394481
TI  - Symposium on Adolescent Gynecology and Endocrinology. Part I: Physiology of
      sexual maturation and primary amenorrhea. Primary amenorrhea.

PMID- 394482
TI  - Changing attitudes toward abortion.

PMID- 394484
TI  - [Effect of somatostatin on the gastrointestinal system activity].

PMID- 394483
TI  - [Vaginal microflora in vaginitis in randomly selected group of women].

PMID- 394485
TI  - [Drugs and the kidney].

PMID- 394486
TI  - [Bile acids in the diagnosis of liver diseases].

PMID- 394480
TI  - The clinical physiology of water metabolism. Part I: The physiologic regulation
      of arginine vasopressin secretion and thirst.
AB  - Water balance is tightly regulated within a tolerance of less than 1 percent by a
      physiologic control system located in the hypothalamus. Body water homeostasis is
      achieved by balancing renal and nonrenal water losses with appropriate water
      intake. The major stimulus to thirst is increased osmolality of body fluids as
      perceived by osmoreceptors in the anteroventral hypothalamus. Hypovolemia also
      has an important effect on thirst which is mediated by arterial baroreceptors and
      by the renin-angiotensin system. Renal water loss is determined by the
      circulating level of the antidiuretic hormone, arginine vasopressin (AVP). AVP is
      synthesized in specialized neurosecretory cells located in the supraoptic and
      paraventricular nuclei in the hypothalamus and is transported in neurosecretory
      granules down elongated axons to the posterior pituitary. Depolarization of the
      neurosecretory neurons results in the exocytosis of the granules and the release
      of AVP and its carrier protein (neurophysin) into the circulation. AVP is
      secreted in response to a wide variety of stimuli. Change in body fluid
      osmolality is the most potent factor affecting AVP secretion, but hypovolemia,
      the renin-angiotensin system, hypoxia, hypercapnia, hyperthermia and pain also
      have important effects. Many drugs have been shown to stimulate the release of
      AVP as well. Small changes in plasma AVP concentration of from 0.5 to 4 muU per
      ml have major effects on urine osmolality and renal water handling.

PMID- 394487
TI  - [Death of Henri de Valois III, King of France and Poland].

PMID- 394488
TI  - [Experiments of Dr. Jan Benedykt Solfa (1483-1564) in Italian caves].

PMID- 394489
TI  - [Hypertension and nutrition].

PMID- 394490
TI  - Cimetidine and the gastric surgeon.

PMID- 394491
TI  - [The microbiological cancer test--further studies with experimental mouse tumor
      tetanus and wound tetanus].
AB  - A re-evaluation of the specificity of the tumour-tetanus assay of the mouse was
      performed by analysing the wound-tetanus assay under comparable test conditions.
      This was achieved by injecting 1 X 10(6) viable Ehrlich carcinoma cells admixed
      with 1 X 10(2) tetanus spores subcutaneously, in a 0.1 ml dose volume or, 1 X
      10(2) tetanus spores suspended in 5% CaCl2 solution, respectively. By comparison,
      these two groups of mice developed about the same tetanus mortality rates,
      however, following tetanus antitoxin therapy with 3 doses of 100 IU each day on
      days 0, 4 and 7 after infection, clinical signs of late tetanus exclusively
      belonged to tumour bearing animals. This typical tetanus behaviour may be
      explained by a spatial-temporal association between growing tetanus rods and
      proliferating cells of warm-blooded animals. In this manner tumour tissue can be
      differed from wound granulomatous tissue by way of permanently cloning stem
      cells.

PMID- 394492
TI  - [Innervation of the autotransplanted lung. Experimental study].
AB  - The authors investigated the changes of the nerve-structures after
      autotransplantation of a lung or the lobe of a lung as well as the moment and the
      kind of recovery of the innervation after the operation. 186 autotransplantations
      of the left lung or of one lobe of a lung was done by experiments on healthy
      mixed breed dogs. The longest time of observation was 9 years. The authors found
      out that there developed changes in the nervetracts in the wall of the main
      bronchus and the lung artery after autotransplantation. The majority of the nerve
      cells in the ganglions of the bronchuswall in the autotransplanted lung succumbs
      an abundant destruction at several times after the operation. However the
      structure of a part of the nerve fibres, distal of the bronchus- and the lung
      artery anastomoses, will remain simultaneously. The regeneration of the nerve
      structures in the wall of the bronchus and of the lung artery, distal of the
      anastomoses, already begins in the first weeks after the autotransplantation and
      continues for 4 to 6 months. The authors could not find any convincing
      morphologic findings for the utter regeneration of the peripheric nerve
      structures in the lung parenchyma. This circumstance can be the cause for the
      absence of the Hering-Breuer reflex for a long time after the
      autotransplantation.

PMID- 394493
TI  - [Review of the development of air humidifiers working on the principle of
      evaporation with reference to their experimentally assured efficacy].
AB  - Basing on own measurements of the efficiency of customary water-bath humidifiers
      (humidifier of the ventilator RO-5 R, humidifier of the ventilator Engstrom ER
      200, Bennett Cascade Humidifier, Hydrotrop 200 and Nicholas Humidifier) a
      critical review is given. As the results show only 3 of the humidifiers (Bennett
      Cascade Humidifier, Hydrotrop 200 and Nicholas Humidifer) make sure a really
      breathing air "conditioning" (moistening and rewarming). The humidifers of the
      ventilators RO-5 R and Engstrom ER 200 have only a very low efficiency, therefore
      they are not suitable for long term ventilation. Finally, the safety for the
      patient (the dangers of watercondensation, watertransport into the lungs,
      overheating, hypothermia and superhumidication) and the different expenditure of
      the clinical use of the humidifiers should be mentioned.

PMID- 394494
TI  - [Secretion of acid, proteolytic activity and gastric juice at normal subjects and
      duodenal ulcer patients (author's transl)].
AB  - The basic and with pentagastrin stimulated (dose response) secretion of acid and
      proteolytic activity of the stomach were estimated at five healthy volunteers
      before and after a six-week-antacid-therapy as well as at ten patients with
      duodenal ulcer disease. After a six-week-antacid-therapy the BAO and the basic
      proteolytic activity were reduced for 50% as compared to the healthy volunteers
      without it while the maximal stimulated secretion of acid and proteolytic enzymes
      was not altered. After a three-day-antacid-therapy these changes did not occur.
      The basic acid output (BAO) was increased for 60% and the basic secretion of
      proteolytic enzymes was increased for 50% at duodenal ulcer patients. The changes
      of the gastric juice volumes at the different steps of stimulation and within the
      three groups of patients do not seem to be correlated constantly to the changes
      of secretion of acid and proteolytic activity. After a three-day-antacid-therapy,
      however, the volume of the basic and stimulated gastric juice turned out to be
      identically reduced as after a longtime antacid therapy. These results suggest
      that the secretion of acid, proteolytic activity and gastric juice occur
      independently.

PMID- 394495
TI  - [Hermann Hoepke: on the occasion of his 90th birthday].

PMID- 394496
TI  - The cranial base and calvaria index methods applied to prehistoric skulls.

PMID- 394497
TI  - The ultrastructural characterization of the tegument of Clonorchis sinensis
      (Cobbold, 1875) cercaria.
AB  - The tegumental ultrastructure of the cercaria of the liver fluke, Clonorchis
      sinensis (Cobbold, 1875), was studied by scanning and transmission electron
      microscopy. The body surface is almost encircled by many rows of regularly
      arranged spines. The tegumental syncytium of the body contains many rod-shaped
      dense granules and central electron-lucent bodies, neither of which are present
      in the tail tegument. There are four rows of hooked teeth and modified spines on
      the oral cone. These teeth are differentiated morphologically and probably
      functionally from the other body spines. Disc-shaped papillae with long or short
      cilia are distributed on the body in a bilaterally symmetrical pattern dorsally
      and ventrally. There are 30 to 37 papillae with much longer cilia laterally. Four
      pairs of papillae were found on the tail. From their structure and location these
      papillae appear to have a mainly tango- or rheoreceptive function. Another type
      of sheathed papillae is situated around the oral sucker. The cuticular tegument
      is expanded laterally at the base of the tail, forming a characteristic sac-like
      structure.

PMID- 394498
TI  - [Liver cirrhosis. Surgical treatment and complications].

PMID- 394499
TI  - [Tissue typing. Clinical value].

PMID- 394500
TI  - [Berotec solvens in chronic bronchitis. Multicentric therapeutic study].

PMID- 394501
TI  - [Female hormonal disorders. Diagnostic possibilities].

PMID- 394502
TI  - [Use of the skin window method and its modification in diagnosing dermatoses].

PMID- 394503
TI  - [Surgical treatment of excessive sweating of the axillary space].

PMID- 394504
TI  - [New method of transecting the optic chiasm of cats].

PMID- 394505
TI  - [Physiologic views of A. N. Radishchev].
AB  - The analysis of A. N. Radischev's treatise "On man, his mortality and
      immortality" reveals a number of ideas which show that the author had a
      materialist approach to the problems, which in modern terms are the problems of
      the higher nervous activity. A great Russian materialist thinker, he naturally
      had a considerable influence on the formation of the materialist school in the
      national science, in particular in physiology. Hence considerable attention in
      the history of this field of knowledge should be given to Radischev and his
      works.

PMID- 394506
TI  - [Enamel etching before composite application].

PMID- 394507
TI  - [Twenty years of experience with Celesnik's vestibuloplasty].

PMID- 394508
TI  - [Tissue changes in the dental pulp in early caries].

PMID- 394509
TI  - [Factors influencing the development of renal insufficiency in women abusers of
      analgesics. Results of a longitudinal study 1968-1978].

PMID- 394511
TI  - [Performance of health systems and public satisfaction].

PMID- 394510
TI  - Vaccination against virus diseases.
AB  - One of the most important and most lasting benefits of medicine to human health
      and health expenditure is the controlled immunological interruption of the
      vicious cycle of infectious disease such as smallpox, poliomyelitis, yellow
      fever, measles. Smallpox, with globally more than 2.5 million cases ten years
      ago, is gone. The incidence of infectious diseases with available
      immunoprophylaxis has been reduced by 90 % over the past two decades, while the
      incidence of diseases without vaccine has nearly tripled. By contrast, influenza,
      a disease against which there have been vaccines in existence for many years,
      demands more deaths than any other infectious disease. Reasons for this failure
      of influenza immunoprophylaxis are discussed and suggested to include:
      indiscriminate use of available vaccines of which some types are much less
      antigenic than others, the disappointment that influenza virus vaccines will not
      protect against influenza-like illnesses caused by noninfluenza virus pathogens
      and the concomitant indiscriminate rejection of all influenza vaccines as being
      of doubtful value; superficial vaccination policies which aim at narrow
      populations, leaving those most likely to spread the virus the full potential to
      do so; the unjustified fear of side reactions following vaccination which are
      considerably less severe than the disease this vaccination is attempting to
      prevent.

PMID- 394512
TI  - Heat, cold and inflammation.
AB  - Although therapeutic heat and cold measures are widely used in rheumatic
      diseases, their application in joint inflammations is still broadly empirical.
      Animal experiments concerning the effects of systemic hyperthermia and of local
      heat and cold applications upon experimentally induced inflammations (dextran
      edema, formol edema, kaolin edema, carrageenan edema, adjuvant arthritis) show
      that some inflammations are significantly depressed, i.e. they are effected by a
      useful therapeutic influence, but that cold and heat can also act as enhancing
      inflammatory stimulus. Under certain conditions, whole-body hyperthermia has
      immuno-suppressive effects. Although the exact points of intervention of heat and
      cold investigations, acute exsudative inflammations seem to be better influenced
      by cold; on the contrary, chronic torpid and proliferous inflammations are better
      influenced by heat. Prostaglandin mediated inflammations can be aggravated by
      cold, because it stimulates the prostaglandin synthesis; acute exsudative
      inflammatory processes are most often aggravated by heat. These results show that
      both therapeutic agents should be applied within a well-defined range and with
      care.

PMID- 394513
TI  - [Zinc deficiency and insulin metabolism].

PMID- 394515
TI  - [Experimental studies on cryoepilation of the skin and their applicability to
      urethral surgery].

PMID- 394514
TI  - [Quantitative angiographic studies for the differential diagnosis of early acute
      kidney failure of ischemic and rejection-damaged grafts].
AB  - On 22 auto- or homotransplanted kidneys of dogs a quantitative angiographic
      evaluation of the corticalis perfusion was carried out. For this purpose four
      special parameters were evaluated. With the help of the linear discriminance
      analysis we succeed in a sufficient secure separation between autografts impaired
      by ischaemia or shock on the one hand and homografts impaired by rejection on the
      other. It is referred to the prognostic significance of angiography in human
      graft kidneys with disturbed function.

PMID- 394516
TI  - [Myorenal (crush) syndrome from the nephrologic and urologic viewpoint].
AB  - The following measures contribute to the decrease of lethality in the crush
      syndrome: 1. possibly rapid rescue measures with simultaneous infusion therapy,
      if technical difficulties delay them, 2. beginning of the infusions on the spot,
      particularly solutions of sodium bicarbonate, concentrated glucose solutions,
      remedies of blood substitute, but no blood transfusions, 3. transport into a
      hospital with possibilities of dialysis, 4. early fasciotomy or amputation, 5.
      early haemodialysis, 6. adequate antibiotics, 7. sufficient supply of calories
      and protein, perhaps infusions of amino acids.

PMID- 394517
TI  - Effect of repetitive blood sampling on red cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin
      values in the common vole (Microtus arvalis Pallas).

PMID- 394518
TI  - [Sugar and oral health: epidemiology in the human].

PMID- 394519
TI  - [Removable plastic bridges as simple and inexpensive constructions].

PMID- 394520
TI  - [Case report on the rare possibility of a removable Degudent telescopic bridge in
      the framework of total mouth rehabilitation].

PMID- 394521
TI  - [Use of deep-drawing apparatus in preparation of imitation crowns].

PMID- 394523
TI  - [Problems and sources of error in cast prostheses. 2].

PMID- 394522
TI  - [Technology of dental technical work. Technology of bridges].

PMID- 394524
TI  - [Plastic pour technic and functional tray preparation].

PMID- 394525
TI  - [Materials for cast prostheses].

PMID- 394526
TI  - [Use of an investment material softening apparatus in the Middle Rostock Medical
      Center].

PMID- 394527
TI  - [Discovery of a rational application for precious metal alloys].

PMID- 394528
TI  - [Cobalt-chromium alloys--properties and handling].

PMID- 394529
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. 100 years ago (11)].

PMID- 394530
TI  - [Report on 3 successful myocardial sutures in a district hospital].

PMID- 394531
TI  - [Clinical experience obtained from attention to and delivery of pregnant women
      with diabetes mellitus with insulin treatment required (author's transl)].
AB  - Perinatal mortality recorded from 87 patients with diabetes mellitus requiring
      administration of insulin was 6.66 per cent between 1975 and 1977. The authors'
      results are compared with those obtained at different obstetric centres and
      discussed. Optimum regulation of metabolism and full utilisation of all
      diagnostic facilities available during pregnancy were found to be essential to
      individual delivery in the closest possible vicinity of the calculated term.

PMID- 394532
TI  - [Blastomyces infestation of vagina, oral cavity, and rectum of young women, with
      particular reference to promiscuity (author's transl)].
AB  - Venereological patients (Group I, n = 210), intact women without any
      gynaecological disease (Group II, n = 125), pregnant women close to full term
      (Group III, n = 200), and women with vaginal fluor (Group IV, n = 380) were
      examined and compared for the occurrence of blastomyces, particularly Candida
      albicans (C. albicans), in the vagina, oral cavity, and rectum. The presence of
      C. albicans in vaginal secretion was established from 15.7 per cent of all
      probands in Group I, 12.0 per cent in Group II, 24.0 per cent in Group III, and
      31.6 per cent in Group IV. The difference between Groups I and II was not
      significant. Promiscuity, consequently, did not seem to have major impact upon
      vaginal blastomyces infestation of young women. Probands with rectal infestation
      of C. albicans accounted for figures between 20.0 and 27.5 per cent in all four
      groups. Group I took first position in oral infestation of C. albicans, the
      figure being 64.8 per cent which was significantly above those recorded from all
      other groups, between 33.9 and 37.5 per cent. The correlations between rectal and
      vaginal occurrence of C. albicans are discussed.

PMID- 394533
TI  - Nasal system for application of CPAP in treatment of newborn infants with
      moderate respiratory insufficiency.
AB  - The authors describe their own modified apparatus for nasal application of CPAP
      to newborns. Plastic cannulas are used. Their lengths and diameters depending on
      the sizes of nasal passages of the infants concerned. The whole system is based
      on a distributor-holder to direct gas flows, as required. - The system so far has
      been used on 30 newborns of all gestation ages with moderate respiratory
      insufficiency.

PMID- 394534
TI  - [To the historical development of the abdominal radical operation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The most important stages in the development of the abdominal radical operation
      of the carcinoma of the cervix are discussed. These different stages are
      associated with the following names: Freund and collaboratores; Ries, Rumpf,
      Clark, Latzko; Wertheim; Bumm; Latzko and Schiffmann; Okabayashi and Meigs. After
      having reached the limits of the radicality with respect the extirpation of
      parametrial tissue samples the main emphasis should be the complete
      lymphonodectomy in the future.

PMID- 394535
TI  - [Immunology of pregnancy -- more recent aspects of immunological mother-child
      relations (author's transl)].
AB  - An account is given of some topical aspects relating to immunology of pregnancy,
      with reference being made to more recent literature. Included are hypothetical
      considerations on undisturbed embryonic development, the barrier function of the
      placenta, the ontogenesis of the immune system, immunosuppressive factors of
      pregnancy serum, the macrophage function of placental cells, pregnancy proteins,
      and immunological peculiarities of EPH gestosis.

PMID- 394536
TI  - [Use of phase-contrast and interference-contrast microscopy for immediate
      cytological tests in gynaecological practice (author's transl)].
AB  - Vital cytological tests of cervical smears obtained from 1,083 patients in a
      gynaecological practice are reported. The smears had been taken in search for
      malignant changes, in addition to the need for appraisals of ovarian function and
      vaginal flora. Smears which produced suspicious colposcopic and vital cytological
      findings were restained by means of Papanicolaou stain. The diagnoses based on
      both methods were compared. The results have confirmed the vital cytological
      technique to be extremely suitable for functional and flora diagnosis, while the
      Papanicolaou method was found to be superior to vital cytology in cancer
      screening.

PMID- 394537
TI  - Isolation of parvovirus from kidney cell cultures of gnotobiotic piglets.

PMID- 394538
TI  - An economic and simplified migration inhibition test in chickens.

PMID- 394539
TI  - [Comparative biochemical and serological studies of staphylococci from swine and
      cattle with special reference to Staphylococcus hyicus as well as Staphylococcus
      epidermidis biotype 2].

PMID- 394540
TI  - Circulating B and T lymphocytes in foals during first five months of life.

PMID- 394541
TI  - [Pathogenesis of Aleutian mink disease. IX. The presence of autoantibodies].

PMID- 394542
TI  - [Complications of immunosuppressive therapy after kidney transplantation].
AB  - The complications of immunosuppresive therapy that occurred in a series of renal
      transplant patients presented were many. Of the total 28 renal transplants
      performed in Sarajevo, 25 were observed. These complications were diagnosed in 19
      cases (6 of which exited), Death in each case was due to virual and not bacterial
      infection which occurred most often in the lungs. No urinary infections occured
      in any of these cases. The actual cause of death in most of the patients was most
      frequently due to pneumocystis and alveo-capillary block of the lungs which is
      very difficult to diagnose. When this complication presented itself the method of
      choice was rapid manipulation of the immunosuppressive therapy together with the
      administration of concentrated granulocytes which did not significantly impair
      the function of the grafted kidney in any of the cases save those with cortizone
      diabetes. High body temperature was also of diagnostic importance. The authors
      feel that quick action and accumulated clinical experience prevent the fatal
      outcome of many renal transplant patients with complications from
      immunosuppressive therapy.

PMID- 394543
TI  - The use of 2-molar urea as a hemolyzing solution for cytologic smears.
AB  - A technique for using 2-M urea as a hemolyzing agent not only for fresh smears
      but also for previously stained smears is described. It is simple, inexpensive,
      rapid acting and easily prepared.

PMID- 394544
TI  - A simple method of preparation and identification of cells for scanning electron
      microscopy.
AB  - A simple and inexpensive method of cell preparation for scanning electron
      microscopy (SEM) is described. This method allows for rapid identification of the
      same cells under the light microscope and by SEM. The method does not perceptibly
      alter the ultrastructural surface features of target cells. It is applicable to
      all cells in suspension, and its performance has been tested on human urinary
      sediment and effusions.

PMID- 394545
TI  - Immunological studies on synovial joint membranes in psoriatic arthritis.
AB  - Psoriatic arthritis (PA) is included in the seronegative arthritis group, though
      it is now generally considered to represent a clinical entity. In PA, in contrast
      to psoriasis vulgaris and to other types of rheumatoid arthritis, only a few
      immunological studies have been reported. In the present report synovial joint
      membranes from patients with PA and control groups have been studied for the
      presence of (a) vascular changes, (b) fibrin, (c) immunoglobulins and complement
      factor C3.

PMID- 394546
TI  - Immunohistochemical study of dermal cell popoulation in psoriatic skin.
AB  - As demonstrated by means of an immunoperoxidase technique, the great majority of
      the infiltrating mononuclear cells located in the superficial and middle dermis
      of psoriatic skin consisted of T-lymphocytes. On the contrary, immunoglobulin
      bearing cells, investigated by means of both immunoperoxidase and
      immunofluorescence methods, were scarce; IgA and IgG cells were predominant,
      whilst IgM cells were scarcely represented. Macrophages and monocytic cells were
      observed in the superficial dermis by means of the alpha-naphtyl-acetate-esterase
      method, in frozen sections. The role of the above mentioned cells and the
      significance of their reciprocal relationships still remains in discussion.

PMID- 394547
TI  - Insulin receptors in psoriasis.
AB  - We have demonstrated how in psoriasis, irrespective of any diabetic family
      history, there exists a state of hyperinsulinism with a decreased resistance to
      insulin, which is aggravated by obesity. Since reviewing the latest studies
      concerning diabetes at the receptor level, we have carried out a comparative
      study dealing with insulin receptors in lymphocytes in homogeneous groups of
      normal, obese, and psoriatics of normal weight and overweight. We have also made
      a comparison regarding the behaviour of the receptors in these various metabolic
      states.

PMID- 394548
TI  - Insulinogenic indexes in psoriasis.
AB  - We have earlier demonstrated that in psoriasis there exists a reduced tolerance
      to carbohydrates in association with hyperinsulinism. To pursue this problem
      further, we felt it worthwhile to deal with the results of the oral glucose
      tolerance test performed on 78 subjects (divided into homogenous groups of
      normal, obese and psoriatic groups, both with and without diabetic genetic
      history and obesity) with determinations of both blood glucose and blood insulin
      levels. We have calculated the insulinogenic indexes by using the techniques
      elaborated by various authors (I/G, delta I/delta G, AI/AG) and we have then
      carried out a statistical evaluation both of these indexes and of the ratio
      between the various indexes employing not only the usual techniques but also that
      of correlation and simple and multiple regression. We have done this in order to
      evaluate which of these indexes is better suited to demonstrate the
      physiopathological mechanism concerning the relationship between insulin
      hypersecretion and reduced carbohydrate tolerance in the various pathological
      conditions which we have dealt with.

PMID- 394550
TI  - Psoriasis and pemphigoid positive correlation.

PMID- 394549
TI  - Cellular and humoral immunity in psoriatic patients.
AB  - The degree of cellular immunity was found to be reduced in about 23% of 56
      psoriatics, especially so in those with flexural and arthropathic lesions.
      Humoral immunity was only slightly reduced. Lysozyme activity levels in serum
      were normal, while those of healthy skin were depressed in 6 patients.

PMID- 394551
TI  - Influence of the purity of the iodinated tracer on the specificity of the
      radioimmunoassay of human follicle-stimulating hormone.
AB  - The objective of this study was to establish whether [125I]hFSH subunits are
      formed during iodination of hFsh by a mild (lactoperoxidase) technique, and if so
      which fractionation procedure provides the best separation of [125I]hFSH from its
      subunits. In addition, the effect of the 125I subunits on the specificity of the
      hFSH radioimmunoassay technique was examined. The products of iodination of hFSH
      were fractionated by a number of techniques consisting of low and high resolution
      gel filtration procedures and adsorption on either cellulose of Concanavalin A
      coupled to Sepharose. The efficacy of the adsorption methods was assessed by a
      subsequent high resolution gel filtration procedure (Ultrogel AcA 54).
      Radioreceptor and radioimmunoassay methods were used to monitor the profiles of
      hFSH, hFSH alpha and hFSH beta subunits and to assess the recoveries of
      radioreceptor-active hFSH obtained by the different procedures. Iodination of a
      highly purified hFSH preparation invariably resulted in the formation of both
      [125I]hFSH subunits. The proportion of radioactivity associated with the 125I
      subunit peak to that of the [125I]hFSH peak was 10% when the iodination products
      after low resolution gel filtration were fractionated by a high resolution gel
      filtration procedure. The corresponding amount of subunits obtained by adsorption
      on cellulose and Concanavalin A was 71% and 6%, respectively. Thus in comparison
      with low resolution gel filtration there was a partial separation of [125I]hFSH
      from [125I]hFSH subunits on Concanavalin A while no separation was effected on
      cellulose. In fact, the results suggest that 125I subunits were formed during
      fractionation on cellulose. The recoveries of hFSH activity following
      fractionation on cellulose and Concanavalin A were significantly lower (27% and
      65%) than those obtained by either low or high resolution gel filtration
      techniques. A marked reduction ;n the specificity of the RIA of hFSH was found
      when [125I]hFSH subunits rather than [125I]hFSH were used as tracer in the assay.
      It is concluded that the presence of 125I subunits in [125I]hFSH preparations
      used as tracer in the RIA of hFSH can diminish the specificity of the assay. The
      routine employment of a high resolution gel filtration procedure which provides a
      complete separation of 125I subunits from the intact hormone, is suitable for the
      elimination of this source of assay invalidity while the other fractionation
      procedures tested (cellulose adsorption or Concanavalin A) are not.

PMID- 394553
TI  - Studies on a protein synthesis dependent step in LH release by LH-RH.
AB  - The hypothesis that LH-RH induces LH release partly through a protein synthesis
      dependent step (protein factor) was further investigated using two different
      experimental designs. First, during incubation of pituitary glands of intact
      dioestrous female rats with a maximally active concentration of LH-RH, the
      inhibitor of protein synthesis cycloheximide was added at various times after the
      beginning of the incubation. The results show that it takes a relatively long
      time, i.e. more than 1 h of exposure to LH-RH before the amount of the protein
      factor has increased sufficiently to allow a maximal LH secretion. Secondly, LH
      RH was injected iv after which the protein factor was assayed by incubating the
      pituitary glands with a maximally active concentration of LH-RH in the presence
      of cycloheximide and measuring LH release in vitro. It was found that 1 h after
      the injection sufficient protein factor was present to permit an elevated
      response to LH-RH. This response could be suppressed by injecting cycloheximide
      prior to LH-RH. When the interval between injection of LH-RH and beginning of the
      incubation was increased to 2 h, LH release in vitro decreased again. However,
      ovariectomy immediately before LH-RH injection resulted in maintenance of the
      elevated response toLH-RH in vitro, indicating a role of the ovaries in this
      phenomenon.

PMID- 394552
TI  - Prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma in a man with gigantism: a case report.
AB  - A prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma was removed trans-sphenoidally from a 37
      years old man with gigantism (218 cm). Serum levels of prolactin (PRL) were
      elevated pre-operatively and decreased after administration of L-Dopa with no
      increase after TRH as is usually observed in PRL-secreting adenomas. Growth
      hormone (GH) and somatomedin serum levels were normal with no modification of GH
      after insulin hypoglycemia, oral glucose loading or L-Dopa. Morphological
      examination of the tumour demonstrated the presence of lactotrophs by light and
      electron microscopy and by immunofluorescense staining. No somatotrophs were
      found. In this unique case, the relationship between a PRL-secreting adenoma and
      gigantism is discussed.

PMID- 394554
TI  - The effect of ritodrine on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in normal and
      diabetic pregnant women.

PMID- 394555
TI  - Clinical significance of specific gravity of spinal anaesthetic agents. Two
      double-blind studies with hyperbaric 5% lidocaine.
AB  - In two double-blind studies two hyperbaric 5% lidocaine solutions containing
      glucose in concentrations of 75 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml, respectively, were compared.
      The onset and total onset time, spread, intensity, duration of analgesia and
      motor block were studied. The spinal anaesthesia was given with the patient
      either sitting or in the lateral recumbent position. A tendency to a longer
      duration of anaesthesia near dermatomes Th X-L II and L IV-L V was noted in the
      group of patients in the sitting position and receiving lidocaine with a lower
      glucose concentration. Otherwise there were no differences between the two
      lidocaine solutions. The result shows that the glucose concentration can be
      reduced from 75 to 50 mg/ml in "heavy" lidocaine without any clinical
      disadvantage. This means a more isotonic solution in relation to the
      cerebrospinal fluid, resulting in milder osmotic effects on interspinal
      structures.

PMID- 394557
TI  - [Sixto Obrador Alcalde 1911-1978].

PMID- 394558
TI  - [Myoclonus in Alzheimer's disease. 2 anatomoclinical cases].
AB  - A few autopsy proved cases of Alzheimer's disease with myoclonus have been
      hitherto reported. We think that myoclonus is a frequent clinical feature in
      advanced cases of Alzheimer's disease. Our second case is such an example with a
      chronic evolution. In cases like our first one, with a short history, myoclonus,
      and atypical, diphasic, periodic complexes in the EEG, clinical differential
      diagnosis with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease can be very difficult. Alzheimer disease
      has been considered an unitary clinico-pathological entity.  However,
      transmission to the non human primates has been successfully achieved only in
      familiar cases but no in the sporadic ones. On the other hand some of his
      neuropathological features have been found in two cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob
      disease, one of them successfully transmitted to the chimpanzee. All these points
      could eventually modify our present unitary concept on Alzheimer's disease.

PMID- 394556
TI  - Enflurane in renal transplantation: report of 375 cases.
AB  - Our experience to date covers 675 kidney grafts performed in the Transplantation
      Department of the University of Louvain. The evolution of our anaesthesia methods
      has led us since the end of 1973 to conduct 375 transplantations with enflurane.
      The patients, aged between 18 months and 50 years, receive a conventional
      premedication, do not receive corticoids preoperatively nor undergo dialysis
      immediately prior to operation, but systematically receive a 5-unit transfusion
      beforehand. Having successively abandoned gallamine, succinylcholine, thiopentone
      and finally halothane, our present anaesthetic protocol is as follows: induction
      under benzodiazepines, fentanyl and enflurane, intubation under laryngeal
      anaesthesia. Maintenance: enflurane (2--3 MAC hours) in open circuit, pancuronium
      (0.02 mg/kg/h) and occasionally fentanyl. Details and comparative advantages are
      discussed. This anaesthesia technique combined with the systematic administration
      of antilymphocytic and antithymocytic serum in the postoperative period, and
      particularly the preliminary transfusion (producing blocking antibodies), has
      provided us, using cadaver kidney, with a survival rate of 96% at 6 months, 86%
      at 1 year and 80% at 2 years, the longest presently being 15 years.

PMID- 394560
TI  - [Single layer surgery of the uterus in cesarean section. Practical note].

PMID- 394559
TI  - [Endometriosis: a frequent disease].

PMID- 394561
TI  - [Suturing of the skin with a delayed reabsorption material. Practical note].

PMID- 394562
TI  - Effect of long-term salbutamol treatment on renin-aldosterone system in twin
      pregnancy.

PMID- 394564
TI  - Nordisk Ortopedisk Forening, Nordic Orthopaedic Association: 60th anniversary.

PMID- 394563
TI  - Puerperal lactation suppression and prolactin.
AB  - Five methods for puerperal lactation inhibition were assessed in a randomized
      fashion. The 90 women were divided into five groups. Four of these received a
      pharmacologic treatment: oral stilbestrol (15 mg dd for 5 days), a diuretic
      compound (bendroflumethazide 15 mg dd for 5 days) by mouth, oral bromocriptine (5
      mg dd for 14 days), or an intramuscular injection containing estradiol (10 mg and
      testosterone (200 mg) esters administered immediately after delivery. To the
      women in the remaining group only physical methods were applied (breast support
      and local infra-red waves) and they served as controls. Prolactin plasma
      concentrations were determined daily for five consecutive days and showed a
      correlation with the clinical effectiveness of the various treatment schedules.
      While bromocriptine reduced and stilbestrol augmented prolactin levels, both
      types of treatment were equally effective in preventing lactation during the
      observation period. Treatment with a diuretic compound or with an injection of
      steroids, though less effective than the first two regimens, was nevertheless
      significantly more efficacious than physical treatment.

PMID- 394565
TI  - Methodological aspects of some inner ear vascular techniques.
AB  - Modifications of preparation technique assessing cochlear vasculature together
      with suggestions regarding their applicability to various types of research
      projects are presented. Detailed information is given regarding the 'soft
      surface' dissection and preparation technique along with selected parameters for
      evaluating the cochlear vasculature. Some basic requirements for any histological
      technique studying the inner ear blood supply are suggested.

PMID- 394566
TI  - [Measurement of nasal permeability].

PMID- 394567
TI  - [Measurement of the permeability of the sinus ostia].

PMID- 394568
TI  - [Measurement of ciliary activity].

PMID- 394569
TI  - [Measurement of the secretory activity of the nasal mucosa].

PMID- 394570
TI  - [Endoscopy of the nasal fossae and the facial sinuses].

PMID- 394571
TI  - [Drawing and magnetotest studies in juveniles with early brain damage].

PMID- 394572
TI  - [Seasonal cumulation of anencephaly and spina bifida aperta].

PMID- 394573
TI  - [Studies on the submerged cultivation of Ganoderma capense (author's transl)].

PMID- 394574
TI  - [Synthesis of M6407, a new anti-malarial agent (author's transl)].

PMID- 394575
TI  - [The brain and the visual recognition of human faces (author's transl)].
AB  - The first part presents some studies in normal subjects. We observe that faces
      recognition is a very primitive behavior in human child, that the symmetry and
      some parts of a face may play a specific role, and that the right cerebral cortex
      is dominant for this function. Problems of specificity are also examined. Studies
      in pathological subjects are then presented. We examine some publications
      concerning child's psychiatry and neurology. Prosopagnosia, his associated
      symptoms, and the anatomical questions are then considered. Finally we examine
      researches concerning the relationships between brain lesions and the recognition
      of human faces, with a special attention to the mnesic processes and to the
      questions of specificity.

PMID- 394577
TI  - Plasma renin activity (P.R.A.) in patients with diabetes and arterial
      hypertension.

PMID- 394576
TI  - Combination chemotherapy in advanced postmenopausal mammary carcinoma. A
      comparison between VAC and VACM therapy.
AB  - A randomized trial comparing Vincristine, Adriamycin, Cyclophosphamide (VAC) with
      or without Methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue (VACM) was performed in 64
      patients with metastatic postmenopausal mammary carcinoma. Previous treatment of
      metastases, dominant site of metastases and performance condition were similar in
      the patients. No significant difference was found in the response rates (complete
      remission + partial remission; VAC 21/31, VACM 25/33), in the duration of the
      remissions or in the survivals. The duration of remission in CR was significantly
      longer than in PR. No serious side effects were observed. The VAC regimen is
      preferable, particularly with respect to the costs and the simple procedure of
      administration.

PMID- 394578
TI  - Effect of 24-hour somatostatin infusion on glucose homeostasis and on the levels
      of somatomedin A and pancreatic and thyroid hormones in man.
AB  - In order to investigate whether somatostatin plays a role in the regulation of
      thyroid hormone secretion we have compared the effects of a prolonged
      somatostatin infusion on insulin and glucagon levels, on the one hand, with its
      effect on T4, T3, rT3 and TSH, on the other. Furthermore, the serum levels of
      somatomedin A were determined. Saline was infused in control experiments. Cyclic
      somatostatin was given as an i.v. bolus of 200 micrograms followed by a constant
      rate infusion of 50 micrograms/h during 24 hours. Somatostatin suppressed basal
      insulin and glucagon levels as well as insulin responses to meals but did not
      influence somatomedin A levels. T4 and T3 decreased during the first hour,
      whether somatostatin was given or not. Thereafter, T4 and T3 remained stable in
      the control experiments, while they continued to decrease slowly when
      somatostatin was added. The suppressive effect of somatostatin was significant 11
      hours (p less than 0.05) and 24 hours (p less than 0.005) after the onset of the
      infusion. In contrast, rT3 and TSH were not suppressed by somatostatin. The fact
      that basal TSH did not decrease, favors the idea that the suppression of T4 and
      T3 was mainly due to a direct inhibitory effect of somatostatin on the thyroid
      gland. Our observation that a low dose of somatostatin decreases peripheral T4
      and T3 levels supports the idea that somatostatin plays a role in the regulation
      of thyroid hormone secretion.

PMID- 394579
TI  - Non-invasive methods of the evaluation of obliterative disease of the subclavian
      or innominate artery.
AB  - The preoperative investigation of 25 patients referred for evaluation of
      subclavian artery obliteration is reported. Non-invasive methods were used prior
      to angiography to assess arm circulation and the direction of blood flow in the
      vertebral artery. A retrograde flow in one vertebral artery was found in 18
      patients, but only 7 had symptoms judged to be caused by the reversal of flow. In
      only one patient was the arm circulation so impaired as to justify the diagnosis
      of arm claudication. A high frequency of carotid lesions was found on the
      angiograms. The report demonstrates that in cases of suspected subclavian steal
      and/or arm claudication due to a subclavian artery obliteration, non-invasive
      methods should be used to screen the patients before angiography. In many cases
      it will be found that symptoms cannot be attributed to steal or impairment of the
      arm circulation and therefore angiography is not indicated. However, in some
      cases signs of a coexistent carotid lesion may still necessitate angiography.

PMID- 394580
TI  - Incidence and significance of heartmuscle antibodies in patients with acute
      myocardial infarction and unstable angina.
AB  - The incidence of heartmuscle antibodies was studied prospectively in 136 patients
      consecutively admitted for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and in 95 patients
      with unstable angina. Heartmuscle antibodies were determined with the indirect
      immunofluorescence technique on days 1, 10, 20 and 30 in patients with AMI and on
      days 1 and 10 in patients with unstable angina. Heartmuscle antibodies were found
      in 16/136 AMI patients (12%) and in 3/95 (3%) with unstable angina. None of the
      AMI patients developed post-myocardial-infarction syndrome in the 2--4 weeks
      after infarction or during the one-year follow-up. The AMI patients with and
      without heartmuscle antibodies were comparable with respect to age, sex, site and
      size of infarction, incidence of early pericarditis and previous infarction.

PMID- 394581
TI  - Central and renal circulation, renin and aldosterone in plasma during prazosin
      treatment in essential hypertension.

PMID- 394582
TI  - Histochemical differentiation of endocrine gastrointestinal cells in test
      animals, with special reference to chicken embryos.
AB  - Based upon the characteristics of argent-affinity and argyrophilia and the
      application of specific immune histochemical methods, endocrine cells can be
      differentiated in the most prominent species of test animals. These methods are
      demonstrated in chicken embryos, because embryological studies made in order to
      reveal the still unknown endodermal or neuroectodermal origin of these cells are
      highly important.

PMID- 394584
TI  - [Chromium steel crowns for primary molars (evaluation of two types)].

PMID- 394583
TI  - Prevention of subarachnoid fibrosis after subarachnoid haemorrhage with
      urokinase. Scanning electron microscopic study in the dog.
AB  - The author used the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to study the influence of
      urokinase on subarachnoid fibrosis after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage
      (SAH). In the subchronic group of dogs, which were sacrificed three weeks after
      SAH, an average of 45--50 IU/kg of intrathecal urokinase diminished the fibrosis.
      In the chronic group, which was sacrificed three months after SAH, an average of
      250 IU/kg of intrathecal urokinase also had considerable reducing effect. The
      author supposes that fibrinolytic therapy, with lysis of blood clot, contributes
      to clearance of the blood. We contrast this mechanism with the mechanism and
      effect of antifibrinolytic therapy. This experiment is the first successful
      attempt to influence subarachnoid fibrosis, and also the first experiment in
      which subarachnoid fibrosis could to some extent be prevented.

PMID- 394585
TI  - [The 15 congresses of the A.D.M.: an honorable history. Asociacion Dental
      Mexicana].

PMID- 394586
TI  - [Periodontic-orthodontic relations].

PMID- 394587
TI  - [Gingival retraction].

PMID- 394588
TI  - [The prosthesis as part of an integral dentistry].

PMID- 394589
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of lesions in furcations].

PMID- 394590
TI  - [Ectopic eruption].

PMID- 394591
TI  - The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.

PMID- 394592
TI  - Costenbader Memorial Lecture: Genesis and genetics of retinoblastoma.
AB  - (1) The incidence of retinoblastoma is 1/20,000. (2) About 94% of all
      retinoblastoma cases are sporadic, while 6% are familial. (3) The hereditary
      retinoblastomas, whether sporadic or familial, represent 40% of all cases. (4) A
      new dominant germinal mutation is responsible for 100% of the bilateral sporadic
      cases and for 10-15% of the unilateral sporadic cases. (5) Knudson's multistage
      mutation is the best explanation of retinoblastoma's behaviour. (6) A deletion of
      the long arm of a D-chromosome (13q14) may be the cause of some, if not of all
      retinoblastomas. (7) The main difficulty in genetic counseling is the lack of
      means for identifying which sporadic unilateral retinoblastomas are due to a new
      germinal mutation.

PMID- 394593
TI  - [The 32P test in ophthalmology].
AB  - Rapidly proliferating tissue incorporates more phosphorus than normal. Thus,
      following administration of radioactive phosphorus (32P), tumors emit increased
      amounts of radiation which can be detected. With the proper test technique, a
      correct diagnosis rate of 96-100% is quoted in the literature. By comparison,
      between 4 and 20% of all eyes enucleated for suspected malignant melanoma without
      prior 32P testing contained no neoplasm histologically. The radiation exposure is
      minimal due to the short half-life of 32P and the low penetration of beta
      particles. However, the test usually involves a small operation (conjunctiva and
      Tenon incision). Testing with gamma rays, however, is not yet wholly satisfactory
      due to the lack of a suitable gamma-ray detector.

PMID- 394594
TI  - [Home remedies and prescriptions for children and juveniles, based on individual
      data from the 17th through the 19th century].
AB  - In personal recollections, letters a.s.o. written by 23 authors in the sixteenth
      to the nineteenth century are to be found 52 remarks on home remedies or
      prescriptions for children or juveniles. It seems that they belong more to
      dietetics than to pharmacotherapy.

PMID- 394595
TI  - Sidney Licht--1907-1979.

PMID- 394596
TI  - Maury Massler: 1978 Achievement medalist.

PMID- 394598
TI  - Silver Jubilee Dental School at Hebrew University.

PMID- 394599
TI  - A dental school is born.

PMID- 394597
TI  - Morton Rosenbluth, international president-elect.

PMID- 394600
TI  - William Salter Johnson 1911--1979.

PMID- 394601
TI  - External ophthalmic photography.

PMID- 394602
TI  - Diet and status at Chalcatzingo: some empirical and technical aspects of
      strontium analysis.
AB  - Determination of the levels of particular trace elements preserved in bone
      provides a potential pathway for reconstructing the diet of extinct primate
      species and archaic human groups. Strontium is one of the most useful trace
      elements for dietary reconstruction but several empirical properties of strontium
      must be considered during the interpretation of results. (1) Strontium is
      distributed unevenly throughout the physical environment. (2) Plants, in general,
      do not discriminate against strontium. (3) During ionic transfer across
      biological membranes, strontium is discriminated against by terrestrial
      vertebrates. (4) It is unlikely that strontium would be selectively removed from
      bone mineral during diagenesis. A particular difficulty in trace element analysis
      is caused by interaction between analytical technique and sample matrix. To
      assess this problem the skeletal population from Chalcatzingo was analyzed by two
      techniques: atomic absorption spectrometry and neutron activation analysis. The
      results from the two techniques compared favorably indicating that the pattern of
      bone strontium levels could be accepted as an accurate reflection of the
      distribution of bone strontium within the population. After demonstrating the
      internal accuracy of the results, the bone strontium level and position of social
      rank within Chalcatzingo were compared. Ethnographic and archaeological evidence
      on chiefdoms and states indicate that dietary differences in the amount of meat
      consumed occur between social ranks. The relative social ranks were reconstructed
      by using a "pattern analysis" of the burial goods accompanying each individual.
      The individuals accompanied by jade had the lowest mean bone strontium level (X =
      532). Those individuals buried with a shallow dish had a slightly higher level (X
      = 635). A third group, which had no grave goods, had the highest mean bone
      strontium level (X = 700) which suggests that their diet contained less meat than
      was available to the rest of the community.

PMID- 394604
TI  - The American Association of Physical Anthropologists: members 1979.

PMID- 394603
TI  - The assessment and meaning of intraobserver error in population studies based on
      discontinuous cranial traits.
AB  - Intraobserver scoring precision of 50 discontinuous (discrete) cranial traits was
      assessed on a sample of 125 intact Iroquois crania using the square of the phi
      coefficient. Scoring consistency was high for most traits although several were
      subject to low precision (phi 2 less than 0.7). Most errors were random rather
      than systematic. Taken collectively the problematic traits exceeded their
      expected contribution to MMD coefficients among four Woodland samples from
      southern Ontario. A traitlist with the problematic variants excluded produced
      more meaningful biological relationships among the samples. Further, the %
      contribution of the problematic traits increased with the time interval between
      the scoring of the individual samples. It was suggested that intraobserver error
      could effectively distort the interpretation of biological relationships and that
      it must in part be responsible for the poor performance reported for
      discontinuous traits in some studies. Therefore, it was argued that the results
      support rather than compromise the use of discontinuous skeletal traits in
      population studies and that the assessment of intraobserver error should be a
      standard procedure of the research design.

PMID- 394605
TI  - In memoriam. Andrew Keogh Ruotolo, M.D. 1926-1979.

PMID- 394606
TI  - Rhabdomyosarcoma of infancy and childhood. Problems of morphologic
      classification.
AB  - The classification of the histologic types of rhabdomyosarcoma is based on poorly
      defined criteria. This has resulted in marked disparities in studies reported
      from different institutions, as well as difficulties in assessment of the
      clinical behavior of the different histologic types. A retrospective morphologic
      analysis of 36 consecutive cases of rhabdomyosarcoma of childhood was undertaken
      according to predefined and strict guidelines for diagnosis. Undeflecting
      adherence to such criteria identified the embryonal type as the most common form,
      and the alveolar variant as a distinct clinicopathologic entity with a much more
      aggressive course; it also resulted in a large proportion (approximately one
      fourth) of sarcomas of undertermined histogenesis. In spite of either prolonged
      follow-up observation with repeated biopsies, autopsy study, or electron
      microscopic study of tumor tissue, no evidence could be obtained to substantiate
      the rhabdomyogenic derivation of the latter group of neoplasms. Precise
      systematization of the morphology of these cases may be contingent upon careful
      inventory of their fine structural features; current classifications appear to
      have disregarded the morphologic heterogeneity of this group of tumors.

PMID- 394607
TI  - Lymphadenopathy as the initial manifestation of histiocytosis X.
AB  - Seventeen cases of histiocytosis X presenting as lymphadenopathy, in which the
      initial diagnosis was based on lymph node biopsy, are reviewed, the
      characteristic histopathologic findings described, and the differential diagnosis
      discussed. Clinical evaluation reveals a broad spectrum of associated
      manifestations varying from solitary eosinophilic granuloma of lymph node to a
      disseminated Letterer-Siwe-like syndrome. Follow-up confirms the essentially
      benign nature of this disorder when defined by strict histologic criteria. The
      implications of these findings on the continuing controversy surrounding
      histiocytosis X are discussed.

PMID- 394608
TI  - [Search for the risk factors in endometrial precancer].

PMID- 394609
TI  - [In memoriam Igor' Viktorovich Il'in].

PMID- 394610
TI  - [Treatment of malignant ovarian tumors].

PMID- 394612
TI  - Are we afraid of Virginia Woolf?

PMID- 394611
TI  - George Thomas Smith, M.D., M.S.

PMID- 394613
TI  - Benjamin B. Wells, M.D., Ph.D., a memorable scholar, physician, and federal
      executive.

PMID- 394614
TI  - The Southern University Medical College.

PMID- 394615
TI  - Ben Wells--a man and a student.

PMID- 394616
TI  - Vitamin C and the metabolism of analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory
      drugs: a review.

PMID- 394617
TI  - Chronic otitis media in Alaskan natives: 1954 - 1979. An historical perspective.

PMID- 394618
TI  - Group A streptococcal meningitis in an infant: report of a case associated with a
      community outbreak due to M-type 4 organisms.

PMID- 394620
TI  - [Historical development of the cerebellar participation in the oculomotor system
      (OMS)].

PMID- 394619
TI  - [Computerized axial tomography in rhinosinusal tumors].

PMID- 394621
TI  - [The anthropological clinical pharmacology test].

PMID- 394623
TI  - Directory, October 1979. Council of Specialists in Psychiatric and Mental Health
      Nursing.

PMID- 394622
TI  - Directory of accredited organizations approved programs/offerings and accredited
      non-degree granting expanded role programs in nursing.

PMID- 394624
TI  - Sedation for outpatient conservative dentistry. A trial of pentazocine
      supplementation to diazepam and local analgesia techniques.
AB  - Pentazocine 30 mg. or 15 mg or a placebo, was administered randomly to forty-nine
      patients undergoing conservative dental treatment in combination with a local
      analgesic block and intravenous diazepam. Simple cardiorespiratory measurements
      were made throughout the treatment period. Patients in the 30 mg pentazocine
      group required some 6 mg diazepam less than the placebo (control) group (P less
      than 0.05). Patients receiving 15 mg pentazocine also required less diazepam
      compared to the control group, but this difference was not statistically
      significant. There were no significant differences between the three groups
      either in recovery times or the cardiorespiratory measurements.

PMID- 394625
TI  - Arthur Edward James Barker 1850-1916. British pioneer of regional analgesia.

PMID- 394626
TI  - Sensitive substrates for human leukocyte and porcine pancreatic elastase: a study
      of the merits of various chromophoric and fluorogenic leaving groups in assays
      for serine proteases.

PMID- 394627
TI  - [Release of LH and FSH following administration of an LHRH analog in patients
      with with congenital adrenal hyperplasia].
AB  - D-Ser(TBU)6-EA10-LH-RH, an analogue of LH-RH with prolonged and increased effect
      upon the release of LH and FSH, induces in normal male subjects a secretory
      response of LH and FSH, which is qualitatively different from that seen in normal
      females. Female patients with increased plasma-concentration of testosterone due
      to congenital adrenal hyperplasia or adrenal neoplasm present upon the LH-RH
      analogue with a secretory response of LH and FSH which is similar to that
      observed in normal female subjects. It is concluded that elevated plasma-adrogens
      fail to induce a masculine pattern of gonadotropin-secretion in patients with a
      genetically female determination of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal system.

PMID- 394628
TI  - Alternative futures for biomedical research. The ALZA distinguished lecture.

PMID- 394630
TI  - The use of bactericidal concentrations of antibiotics in hypothermic pulsatile
      perfusion and the effects on canine renal autograft function.
AB  - Although cadaver allograft contamination occurs frequently, the potential danger
      to the transplant recipient varies. Usually the results of culture from the donor
      and kidney perfusates are not available at the time of transplantation. A
      positive culture result often necessitates the use of prophylactic antibiotics.
      The antibiotic may be potentially nephrotoxic, and in the setting of minimal or
      changing renal function this effect may be potentiated. If significant
      contamination with virulent organisms is found prior to transplantation, clinical
      judgment often dictates that the graft be discarded. Perfusion and storage with
      solutions containing broad-spectrum antibiotics would substantially reduce the
      incidence of contamination in perfused kidneys. This would in turn reduce the
      requirement for potentially nephrotoxic antimicrobial therapy in the transplant
      recipient. Since the antibiotics tested are effective against a wide range of
      contaminants and apparently cause no detrimental effects, it would seem
      reasonable to add them routinely to the perfusate solution.

PMID- 394629
TI  - Modeling and parameter estimation of yeast size distribution dynamics.

PMID- 394631
TI  - Fourier analysis of airflow and transpulmonary pressure signals filtered on-line.
AB  - Airflow and transpulmonary pressure curves obtained from a normal man and a dog,
      during hyperventilation or when breathing spontaneously, were analysed on a
      digital computer by means of the fast Fourier transform. The same curves were
      also analysed after passing through an on-line RC filtering algorithm having
      cutoff frequencies extending from 10 down to 0.1562 Hz. Results show that
      respiratory parameters can contain a large amount of biological background noise
      mainly related to cardiovascular motion. The only instance in which the magnitude
      of fundamental harmonic was not the largest was for the airflow of the dog
      measured during spontaneous breathing. It was concluded that the cutoff frequency
      should be adjusted to a value 3-4 times that of the fundamental frequency. More
      pronounced filtering would cause important distortions of the physiologic
      signals.

PMID- 394632
TI  - Studies on streptococcal phage hyaluronidases: assay, physical, chemical and
      immunological properties [proceedings].

PMID- 394633
TI  - Restoration of DNA synthesis at non-permissive temperature and of UV resistance
      induced by bacteriophage Mu in Escherichia coli lig ts7 strain.
AB  - Infected by Mu, a mutant of E. coli, carrying the mutation lig ts7 shows a UV
      sensitivity intermediate between that of the uninfected lig-strain and that of
      the parental lig+ strain. At non-permissive temperature bacterial DNA replication
      is restored upon infection. These results suggest that DNA-ligase activity is
      coded for by the phage Mu genome.

PMID- 394634
TI  - ["Beta-lactamase enzymogram": an agar adaptation of the iodometric method
      (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper deals with an agar-gel adaptation of the Perret-Novick iodometric
      titration of degradation products from beta-lactam antibiotics when they are
      submitted to a beta-lactamase action. Petri dishes containing an agar-gel make up
      from the classical iodine-iodide-starch system, initially present a dark blue
      colour. When beta-lactam compounds are opened by beta-lactamases from crude
      extracts or whole bacteria, the gel is locally destained. Two experimental
      variants of this procedure are proposed. This semi-quantitative, inexpensive,
      accurate and simple method is very convenient for routine experiments. Thus with
      crude extracts or even whole cells, information can be obtained about beta
      lactamase specific activities, substrate profils or activity of inhibitors such
      as cloxacillin or clavulanic acid.

PMID- 394635
TI  - Clinical trials with thymosin.

PMID- 394636
TI  - Current status of thymosin research: evidence for the existence of a family of
      thymic factors that control T-cell maturation.
AB  - Thymosin fraction 5 contains several distinct hormonal-like factors which are
      effective in partially or fully inducing and maintaining immune function. Several
      of the peptide components of fraction 5 have been purified, sequenced and studied
      in assay systems designed to measure T-cell differentiation and function. These
      studied indicate that a number of the purified peptides act on different
      subpopulations of T-cells (see Figure 1). Thymosin beta 3 and beta 4 peptides act
      on terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) negative precursor T-cells to
      induce TdT positive cells. Thymosin alpha 1 induces the formation of functional
      helper cells and conversion of Lyt- cells to Lyt 1+, 2+, 3+ cells. Thymosin alpha
      7 induces the formation of functional suppressor T-cells and also converts Lyt-
      cells to Lyt 1+, 2+, 3+ cells. These studies have provided further evidence that
      the thymus secretes a family of distinct peptides which act at various sites of
      the maturation sequence of T-cells to induce and maintain immune function. Phase
      I and Phase II clinical studied with thymosin in the treatment of primary
      immunodeficiency diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer point to a major role
      of the endocrine thymus in the maintenance of immune balance and in the treatment
      of diseases characterized by thymic malfunction. It is becoming increasingly
      clear that immunological maturation is a process involving a complex number of
      steps and that a single factor initiating a single cellular event might not be
      reflected in any meaningful immune reconstitution unless it is the only peptide
      lacking. Given the complexity of the maturation sequence of T-cells and the
      increasing numbers of T-cell subpopulations that are being identified, it would
      be surprising if a single thymic factor could control all of the steps and
      populations involved. Rather, it would appear that the control of T-cell
      maturation and function involves a complex number of thymic-specific factors and
      other molecules that rigidly control the intermediary steps in the
      differentiation process.

PMID- 394637
TI  - Regulation of lymphokine function.
AB  - Although we have focused on desensitization as an experimental model, the
      findings obtained suggest mechanisms by which physiological control of cell
      mediated immunity is attained. Thus, such regulation may occur either at the
      stage of expression of lymphokine activity or at the level of lymphokine
      production itself. The former may involve unique suppressor molecules, but as
      indicated above may be due to the inflammatory lymphokines themselves. The latter
      appears to involve suppressor systems similar to those operative in antibody
      formation. Over and above any specific model for regulation, the findings
      presented here suggest that local fluctuations in lymphokine distribution can
      modulate immunologically induced inflammatory responses, either through
      alterations in chemotactic gradients, or by other mechanisms as yet unknown.

PMID- 394638
TI  - Biological effects and characteristics of antilymphokines.

PMID- 394639
TI  - A T-cell factor that measures intermediate steps in in vivo immune responses.

PMID- 394640
TI  - Macrophage-lymphocyte interactions mediated by soluble factors.
AB  - Adherent-cell-depleted primed rabbit splenocytes were capable of mounting an in
      vitro response to SRBC. The addition of alveolar macrophages (AM) to adherent
      cell-depleted or unseparated lymphoid cell populations resulted in significant
      suppression of the PFC response. Suppressive activity was limited to AM and
      dependent on the presence of a ratio of 1 AM:20 lymphocytes. The cell-mediating
      suppression was found to be resistant to irradiation and antithymus globulin but
      sensitive to heat, freeze-thawing, and treatment with iodoacetamide. Suppression
      was mediated by a soluble factor (MW greater than 10,000 daltons) that required
      an AM-lymphocyte interaction for its production. Suppression appeared to be
      achieved through the inhibition of proliferation of antigen sensitive cells
      although the effect of AM could possibly be exerted on an early event in the
      immune response. AM were capable of enhancing the proliferative responses of
      rabbit lymphoid cells to PHA and Con A. Enhancing and suppressing activities of
      AM were abolished by inhibition of RNA synthesis but unaffected by inhibitors of
      DNA and protein synthesis.

PMID- 394642
TI  - Factors from lymphoid cell tumor affecting immune responses.
AB  - Friend leukemia virus induces erythroblastic leukemia in genetically susceptible
      BALB/c mice. FLV-containing leukemic cells markedly depressed the humoral immune
      response to SRBC in the appropriate mouse strain. Both immunosuppression and
      leukemogenesis were readily transmitted by cell-free virus-containing homogenates
      of the FLV leukemic splenocytes into normal BALB/c mice. In the present study it
      was found that both Friend leukemic splenocytes as well as virus containing
      extracts from the leukemic cells were neutralized by heating and by specific
      antisera. Suppressive activity passed through a 0.45 mu filter but not a 300,000
      MW filter and could be pelleted at 100,000 x g. They were also highly resistant
      to inactivation by irradiation. Mice given leukemic splenocytes after irradiation
      with up to 32.000 rads still developed leukemia. Addition of either normal or
      irradiated FLV-leukemic cells to normal spleen cell cultures in vitro markedly
      suppressed antibody formation. At least 32,000 rads were required to
      significantly impair the immuno-suppressive activity of the FLV-leukemic cells.
      Thus, virus per se appears to be directly responsible for suppression of antibody
      formation to FLV.

PMID- 394641
TI  - Synthesis and secretion of complement proteins by macrophages.

PMID- 394643
TI  - Control of B-cell differentiation by macrophages.

PMID- 394644
TI  - Macrophage factors that enhance the antibody response.
AB  - The immunological mechanism of the primary in vitro antibody responses to sheep
      erythrocyte antigens involves soluble immunomodulatory factors. These studies
      have demonstrated that the stimulation of immunocytes with lipopolysaccharide
      (LPS) induced the release of a helper factor which appeared to be a monokine.
      This helper factor was released by stimulated adherent splenocyte cultures but
      not by nonadherent cell populations. The P388D-transformed macrophage cell line
      also produced the factor in response to LPS. LPS-induced helper factors were
      absorbed from solution by bone marrow cells but not by thymocytes, thereby
      indicating that the factor may selectively bind to B-cells or to undifferentiated
      stem cells. Mature T-cells did not appear to be involved in the immunostimulatory
      effects of this macrophage-derived factor as evidenced by the results of several
      studies. These included observations that splenocytes from athymic BALB/c nu nu
      mice both produced the factor and responded to it.

PMID- 394645
TI  - [Limited-time feeding ("meal-feeding") and avitaminosis A : respiratory exchange
      and metabolic adaptation in rats].
AB  - Weanling male rats were fed ad libitum for 6 weeks with a normal or vitamin-A
      deficient diet and then meal-fed 1 1/2 hours per 24 hours a 65 p. 100 glucose
      diet for not less than 3 weeks. The stomach of meal-fed rats develop and food
      intake is sufficient to ensure a normal rate of growth until deficients reached a
      plateau of weight. After the single daily meal the respiratory quotients are
      remaining high (QR greater than 1) all throught the day and decreases during the
      night (0,8) with all the animals. Fasting glycemia, insulinemia and liver
      glycogen of meal-feds are higher than ad libitum rats ones, but lower in
      deficients than in controls. Activities of NADPH2-linked enzymes (G6PDH, 6PGDH
      and NADP malate DH) are increased in meal-feeding, but avitaminosis A reduces by
      half this increase.

PMID- 394646
TI  - [Compressive brachio-cephalic arterial trunk and gastro-oesophageal reflux
      following surgery for oesophageal atresia (author's transl)].
AB  - 6 cases of cardiorespiratory complications occurring after surgical treatment of
      oesophageal atresia are reported by virtue of the association of tracheal
      compression by the brachio-cephalic arterial trunk and of gastro-oesophageal
      reflux. In all cases, medical (2 cases) or surgical (4 cases) treatment of gastro
      oesophageal reflux led to the disappearance of all respiratory symptoms and
      signs. Emphasis is placed upon the need for a routine and thorough search,
      radiological and endoscopic, of such associated oesophageal pathology, before
      proceeding to surgery on the compressive brachio-cephalic arterial trunk.

PMID- 394647
TI  - [Familial facial paralysis. Generalised cortical hyperostosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Generalised cortical hyperostosis is a rare disease. In our own field it involves
      the lower jaw and the skull. Certain nerves, including the facial, may be
      compressed as a result. This condition behaves genetically in a recessive or
      dominant manner.

PMID- 394648
TI  - [Guttate scleroderma, pigmented from the first, with striated IgM deposits at the
      dermo-epidermal junction].

PMID- 394649
TI  - [Familial bullous pemphigoid].

PMID- 394650
TI  - Gastric intrinsic factor in the sheep.

PMID- 394651
TI  - Endocrine cells in the alimentary tract of the sheep.

PMID- 394653
TI  - Some effects of insulin on eating and rumination.

PMID- 394652
TI  - Fever and ruminal stasis. Role of humoral mediators.

PMID- 394654
TI  - Effects of glucose, insulin and FFA in food intake in the sheep.

PMID- 394655
TI  - Regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion in goats.

PMID- 394656
TI  - Reduced insulin response in sheep exposed to cold.

PMID- 394657
TI  - Changes of hormones and metabolites during reduced and compensatory growth of
      steers.

PMID- 394658
TI  - Lipogenesis in ovine adipose tissue in tissue culture.

PMID- 394659
TI  - Pyogenic spondylitis. Analysis of three surgically treated cases.
AB  - During a period of 10 years (1964--1973) three patients developing pyogenic
      spondylitis were operated on. The patients suffered from severe localized back
      pain and showed sings of infection, as elevation of temperature and raised ESR.
      The earliest radiological changes were diagnosed on the average after 3 months.
      As treatment with antibiotics could not cure the infection, the patients were
      operated on by evacuation of a vertebral focus, and this measure was complemented
      with bone transplantation. All patients were cured from the fulminant
      spondylitis, and two of them returned to regular work. No recurrence was noted
      during an observation period averaging 8 years. Surgery seems to be indicated in
      some cases of nonspecific spondylitis, especially when a paravertebral spread of
      the infection is recorded and antibiotic treatment does not primarily show
      sufficient effect.

PMID- 394660
TI  - An absorbable purse-string suture around the prostatic capsule. A method to
      control the bleeding during transvesical prostatectomy.
AB  - 8 patients with profuse bleeding from within the prostatic cavity during
      transvesical prostatectomy were treated with an absorbable purse-string suture
      around the prostatic capsule. The method, which is described, has been shown to
      be effective in control of operative and postoperative bleeding.

PMID- 394661
TI  - A biochemical and clinical comparison of two commercially available creatine
      kinase iso-enzyme MB assay kits suitable for use in the routine medical
      laboratory.
AB  - Two methods for the measurement of plasma creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) activity
      were compared for analytical performance, cost, practicality, and diagnostic
      correlation with clinical and electrocardiographic findings in patients admitted
      to the coronary care unit of a district general hospital. The methods were column
      chromatography and immunoinhibition. Both methods were found acceptable, and the
      method to be adopted would depend on the staff arrangements and resources
      available in the laboratory.

PMID- 394662
TI  - Accuracy of serum anticonvulsant measurements. A comparison of enzyme multiplied
      immunoassay technique and gas-liquid chromatography.
AB  - An enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique is compared with a gas-liquid
      chromatographic technique for the measurement in blood serum of the
      anticonvulsants phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbitone, primidone, and
      ethosuximide. The correlation between results obtained by each method was
      excellent, and both systematic and random errors were well within acceptable
      limits.

PMID- 394663
TI  - Inhibition of bacterial growth by granulocytes measured by an automated
      technique.
AB  - Granulocytes, collected by several methods, were assayed for antibacterial
      activity utilizing a technique originally developed for automated antibiotic
      susceptibility testing. The granulocytes were incubated with either Escherichia
      coli or Staphylococcus for one hour at 37 degrees C and were then separated from
      the suspension by gentle centrifugation at 170 g. The bacteria remaining in the
      supernatant broth were incubated in culture medium (eugonic broth) and their
      growth density was compared with diluted controls (without granulocytes) by
      measurement in an Autobac I (an automated nephelometer). Measurements of the
      density of growth at 30 minute intervals showed a marked delay in the development
      of density suggesting only small numbers of organisms remained after incubation
      with granulocytes. Once density was measurable, the rate of growth appeared
      similar to controls. After 2.5 hours in the Atuobac I, the density of growth was
      used to determine the inhibitory effect of granulocytes. The density of growth
      was inversely related to the concentration of granulocytes present during the
      preincubation phase. Filtered granulocytes showed significantly lower inhibitory
      effect than centrifuged granulocytes. This rapid, inexpensive method of
      determining microbial growth appears to be adaptable as a measure of granulocyte
      function.

PMID- 394665
TI  - Man, the unknown. Sunderman Award Address.

PMID- 394664
TI  - Effects of lysozyme on Trypanosoma lewisi.
AB  - Daily lysozyme (hen egg) injections, beginning on day 6 of Trypanosoma lewisi
      infections in rats, significantly reduced the number of circulating trypanosomes.
      The effect was dose dependent. Maximum reduction (50%) occurred 24 hours after
      one treatment of 80 mg was given intraperitoneally (I.P.). The same dose of
      lysozyme was more effective when divided equally into two injections per day.
      Controls consisting of appropriate buffers as well as human serum albumin had no
      effect on trypanosome populations. Animals receiving lysozyme exhibited a weight
      loss of 5% 24 hours following the first injection, but not other ill effects of
      the treatment were observed. In vitro experiments indicated that lysozyme did not
      cause lysis or immobilization alone or in combination with fibrinogen or rat
      antitrypanosomal serum. These results suggest that the cellular immune response
      of the host and lysozyme's cationic properties may be important in mediating the
      anti-trypanosomal response. Lysozyme may thus be an effective trypanocide against
      trypanosomes whose membranes resemble T. lewisi, such as T. cruzi, or as an
      adjunct to chemotherapy.

PMID- 394666
TI  - Gonzalo E. Aponte, M.D. 1929-1979.

PMID- 394668
TI  - Menarcheal age in Oslo during the last 140 years.
AB  - Data from maternity clinics have been used to study the trend in menarcheal age
      among girls born in Oslo after 1840. The investigation was based on recordings
      from approximately 50 women from each year. The women were divided into social
      categories according to their own or their husband's occupation. The results show
      a trend toward earlier maturation within the working class, which is
      characterized by two periods of rapid fall in menarcheal age. The first period
      covers women born between 1860 and 1880, and shows a fall in menarcheal age from
      about 15.6 to about 14.6 years. During the second period of rapid fall, which
      covers women born between 1905 and 1940, the menarcheal age was further reduced
      from about 14.6 to 13.3 years. The age at menarche has been stable at about 13.3
      years for women born after 1940. These results contrast with those of some
      earlier studies of the menarcheal age in Norway. However, it is shown that the
      discrepancies between these investigations and our own disappear when the same
      computational methods and the same interpretation of the age recordings are used.

PMID- 394667
TI  - Genetic susceptibility to cholera.
AB  - In the course of studies of immunity to experimental cholera in man, 10(5) or
      10(6) Vibrio cholerae were given to 66 college students and other community
      volunteers under quarantine in an isolation ward. HLA antigen and blood group
      determinations were carried out to test the hypothesis that severity of clinical
      cholera is dependent in part upon genetically-determined host susceptibility.
      Fifty-five volunteers developed diarrhoea; 38 had mild illness and 17 had severe
      cholera (stool volume greater than or equal to 5.0 litres). HLA antigens were
      found in similar frequency in volunteers with severe, mild or no diarrhoea;
      antigen A1, A2, A3 and B7 were most common. Blood group O, however, was found in
      64% of persons with severe cholera versus 36-38% of volunteers with mild or
      absent illness. Thus, while no correlation was found between HLA type and
      severity of cholera, these results do support the claims of other investigators
      that blood group O is found more frequently in patients with severe cholera than
      in the normal population.

PMID- 394669
TI  - Failure of electroencephalography to diagnose brain death in comatose children.
AB  - Two isoelectric electroencephalograms obtained 24 hours apart support a clinical
      diagnosis of brain death in prolonged coma. Without documentation of
      electrocerebral silence, physicians are reluctant to discontinue vital support
      systems. A radionuclide bolus technique has been developed that documents the
      absence of cerebral blood flow in suspected brain death and supplements the flat
      EEG. In a recent review of this technique, all 27 adults who had EEG activity
      maintained the integrity of their cerebral blood flow. This contrasts to our
      studies of 5 children, all of whom demonstrated persistent EEG activity but had
      no evidence of cerebral blood flow by either the isotope bolus technique (5
      patients) or cerebral angiography (4 patients). These children (mean age, 7
      months) lacked cephalic reflexes and were maintained on assisted ventilation for
      an average of 15 days. Multiple electroencephalographic tracings persistently
      demonstrated low-voltage cortical activity over this time. Despite the lack of
      cerebral blood flow, all patients were continued on respiratory support. At
      autopsy, extensive brain liquefaction necrosis was noted. In comatose children,
      EEG monitoring may be of limited value while cerebral blood flow measurements can
      provide more practical and prognostic information.

PMID- 394671
TI  - Skin fibroblast microtubular network in Alzheimer disease.
AB  - A preliminary observation from another laboratory recently suggested that a
      systemic microtubular defect may exist in Alzheimer disease. To investigate this
      hypothesis, we obtained skin biopsies from 4 patients with Alzheimer disease and
      2 age-matched controls. Fibroblast cultures were established and the tubulin
      networks examined using immunoadsorbent purified antitubulin antibody and the
      indirect immunoperoxidase technique as well as electron microscopy. The cells
      were also examined after treatment with vinblastine and at senescence. The
      microtubular network appeared as delicate fibers radiating from the perinuclear
      region toward the cytoplasmic margins. No differences were recognized between the
      controls and the fibroblast cultures from patients with Alzheimer disease.
      Microtubules were not visualized following incubation with vinblastine, but
      positively staining intracytoplasmic paracrystalline inclusions were noted. No
      abnormalities of microtubules were recognized in the electron microscopic
      examinations. These findings suggest that the neurofibrillary neuronal
      degeneration of Alzheimer disease is not a manifestation of a systemic disorder
      of the microtubular network.

PMID- 394670
TI  - Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles: antiserum and immunohistological staining.
AB  - A 50,000-dalton polypeptide has been purified from fractions enriched with
      neurofibrillary tangles of paired helical filaments from human autopsy specimens
      of Alzheimer disease and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. An antiserum to
      this polypeptide was raised in a rabbit. This antiserum formed an
      immunoprecipitation line with the purified antigen and with human neurotubules in
      ouchterlony double-diffusion plates. The reactivity of the anti-paired helical
      filament protein serum with neurofibrillary tangles was studied by
      immunofluorescence on cryostat sections of hippocampus from Alzheimer autopsy
      tissue and by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique on paraffin sections of an
      Alzheimer brain biopsy. The tangles were stained with the antiserum in both
      systems. Preimmune rabbit serum and unrelated hyperimmune sera, used as controls,
      did not stain the tangles. These results show that the 50,000-dalton polypeptide
      purified from the neurofibrillary tangle-enriched fractions is a constituent of
      Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles and, perhaps, of the paired helical filaments
      of which the tangles are composed.

PMID- 394672
TI  - Enhancement of leukocyte activity against Escherichia coli after brief exposure
      to chloramphenicol.
AB  - The effect of brief exposure of Escherichia coli to chloramphenicol on the
      antibacterial activity of normal human leukocytes was studied by following
      changes in viability of the bacteria in the presence of leukocytes and serum.
      Growth was suppressed, and the extent of suppression was directly related to the
      period of exposure and the concentration of chloramphenicol. When exposed to
      clinically achievable levels of the drug for 10 min, E. coli failed to resume
      normal growth for 1 to 4 h in the presence of leukocytes and serum after removal
      of the drug. The post-antibiotic leukocyte enhancement effect required the
      presence of antibody and complement. This effect demonstrates the importance of
      early events in the encounter between antibiotic and microorganism in determining
      the subsequent activity of host defense components.

PMID- 394673
TI  - Incidence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli associated with frozen chicken
      carcasses and characterization of conjugative R plasmids derived from such
      strains.
AB  - Escherichia coli were isolated at concentrations of about 10(2)/ml from the fluid
      obtained after thawing each of five frozen chicken carcasses. Between 13 and 89%
      of the E. coli were resistant to mercury(II) or to at least one of eight
      antibiotics tested. Multiple resistance was more common than single resistance,
      and resistances to tetracycline, streptomycin, sulfathiazole, or chloramphenicol
      were more frequently encountered than was resistance to ampicillin or
      mercury(II). Resistance to kanamycin, gentamicin, or trimethoprim occurred
      rarely. Upwards of 30% of the E. coli apparently carried conjugative plasmids and
      could transfer at least one of their resistance determinants to E. coli K-12.
      Twenty-five conjugative R plasmids obtained in this way were characterized within
      strain K-12 by a variety of phenotypic criteria. Twenty could be assigned to the
      incompatibility groups Inc X, Inc N, Inc FI, or Inc I alpha.

PMID- 394674
TI  - Quantitative assessment of antimalarial activity in vitro by a semiautomated
      microdilution technique.
AB  - A rapid, semiautomated microdilution method was developed for measuring the
      activity of potential antimalarial drugs against cultured intraerythrocytic
      asexual forms of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Microtitration
      plates were used to prepare serial dilutions of the compounds to be tested.
      Parasites, obtained from continuous stock cultures, were subcultured in these
      plates for 42 h. Inhibition of uptake of a radiolabeled nucleic acid precursor by
      the parasites served as the indicator of antimalarial activity. Results of
      repeated measurements of activity with chloroquine, quinine, and the
      investigational new drug mefloquine demonstrated that the method is sensitive and
      precise. Several additional antimalarial drugs and compounds of interest were
      tested in vitro, and the results were consistent with available in vivo data. The
      use of P. falciparum isolates with known susceptibility to antimalarial drugs
      also permitted evaluation of the cross-resistance potential of each compound
      tested. The applications and expectations of this new test system within a drug
      development program are discussed.

PMID- 394675
TI  - Compounds affecting membranes that inhibit protein synthesis in yeast.
AB  - The regulation of translation has been investigated in yeast cells by means of
      ionophores and other compounds affecting the ionic concentration inside the cell.
      Treatment of a variety of cells with these compounds produces a drastic
      inhibition in the protein-synthesizing activity of the cell. Protein synthesis in
      yeast is strongly inhibited by amphotericin B and nystatin. Mammalian cells are
      blocked in their translation capacity by gramicidin D, nigericin, monensin,
      nystatin, A23187, and bromolasalocid. The effects of these compounds on protein
      synthesis in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were also investigated.
      Amphotericin B is a powerful inhibitor of both protein and ribonucleic acid
      syntheses in yeast cells at concentrations that do not affect the transport of
      the labeled amino acid or nucleoside precursor. The analysis of the polysomal
      profiles in yeast spheroplasts could indicate that initiation is the target of
      amphotericin B action on translation. Studies on the reversion of the protein
      synthesis blockade by amphotericin B by increasing the potassium concentration in
      the medium suggest that changes in the potassium concentration in cellular
      cytoplasm might be responsible, at least in part, for the inhibition of protein
      synthesis.

PMID- 394676
TI  - Increased production of beta-lactamase under anaerobic conditions in some strains
      of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A simple biological assay to detect beta-lactamase activity exhibited by selected
      cultures of Escherichia coli was used to test enzyme production in cells
      incubated aerobically and anerobically. Anaerobic incubation resulted in
      increased size of zones of drug inactivation by some beta-lactamase-producing
      strains. The beta-lactamase activity of cell lysates was determined
      iodometrically for aerobically and anaerobically grown cells. The specific beta
      lactamase activity for anaerobically grown cells was three to five times greater
      than for aerobically grown cells. Beta-lactamase production was determined to be
      constitutive in all strains and to be plasmid mediated, as demonstrated by
      transfer to E. coli K-12 by conjugation.

PMID- 394677
TI  - Crown posts--a tutorial essay.

PMID- 394678
TI  - Comparison of m-Endo LES, MacConkey, and Teepol media for membrane filtration
      counting of total coliform bacteria in water.
AB  - Total coliform counts obtained by means of standard membrane filtration
      techniques, using MacConkey agar, m-Endo LES agar, Teepol agar, and pads
      saturated with Teepol broth as growth media, were compared. Various combinations
      of these media were used in tests on 490 samples of river water and city
      wastewater after different stages of conventional purification and reclamation
      processes including lime treatment, and filtration, active carbon treatment,
      ozonation, and chlorination. Endo agar yielded the highest average counts for all
      these samples. Teepol agar generally had higher counts then Teepol broth, whereas
      MacConkey agar had the lowest average counts. Identification of 871 positive
      isolates showed that Aeromonas hydrophila was the species most commonly detected.
      Species of Escherichia, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter represented 55%
      of isolates which conformed to the definition of total coliforms on Endo agar,
      54% on Teepol agar, and 45% on MacConkey agar. Selection for species on the media
      differed considerably. Evaluation of these data and literature on alternative
      tests, including most probable number methods, indicated that the technique of
      choice for routine analysis of total coliform bacteria in drinking water is
      membrane filtration using m-Endo LES agar as growth medium without enrichment
      procedures or a cytochrome oxidase restriction.

PMID- 394679
TI  - Improved detection of coliforms and Escherichia coli in foods by a membrane
      filter method.
AB  - Analytical procedures based on filtration of homogenates through membrane
      filters, and particularly hydrophobic grid-membrane filters (HGMF), offer
      definite improvements in the enumeration of Escherichia coli and coliforms in
      foods. Whereas the counted specimen in pour plates may not usually be greater
      than 0.1 g, up to 1.0 g of ground beef, green beans, potato, cod, strawberries,
      or grapes could be filtered and counted on HGMF. Greatly improved limit of
      detection, reduced interference by noncoliforms, and complete removal of growth
      inhibitors such as polyphenols were demonstrated for HGMF, using violet red bile
      and mFC agars. In addition, counting on HGMF eliminated a false-positive reaction
      caused by sucrose in ice cream.

PMID- 394680
TI  - Isolation of radiation-resistant bacteria without exposure to irradiation.
AB  - Resistance to desiccation was utilized in the selection of highly radiation
      resistant asporogenous bacteria from non-irradiated sources. A bacterial
      suspension in phosphate buffer was dried in a thin film at 25 degrees C and 33%
      relative humidity. Storage under these conditions for 15 days or more reduced the
      number of radiation-sensitive bacteria. Further selection for radiation-resistant
      bacteria was obtained by irradiation of bacteria on velveteen in the replication
      process, thereby avoiding the toxic effect of irradiated media. The similarity of
      radiation resistance and identifying characteristics in irradiated and non
      irradiated isolates should allay some concerns that highly radiation-resistant
      bacteria have been permanently altered by radiation selection.

PMID- 394681
TI  - Respiration and viability of thermally injured Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Resting cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y25 were heated at 56 degrees C for 0
      to 2 min. Respiratory activity of the cells reflected the severity of the heat
      stress. The endogenous respiration was approximately 50 microliter of O2/mg per h
      for cells heated for 2 min at 56 degrees C as compared with 2 microliter of O2/mg
      per h for nonheated cells. There was a distinct decrease in respiration after 1
      to 3 h, and after 20 h the respiration rate of heated cells was less than that of
      nonheated cells. Along with increased rates of endogenous respiration,
      respiratory quotients of cells were altered after heat stress. Addition of 2,4
      dinitrophenol stimulated O2 (uptake) in nonheated cells but decreased O2 (uptake)
      of heated cells. Due to the high rate of endogenous respiration, addition of
      glucose resulted in no substantial change in the rate of respiration of heated
      cells. However, addition of glucose prolonged the presence of the high rates of
      respiration observed in heated cells.

PMID- 394682
TI  - Wipe-rinse technique for quantitating microbial contamination on large surfaces.
AB  - The evaluation of an improved wipe-rinse technique for the bioassay of large
      areas was undertaken due to inherent inadequacies in the cotton swab-rinse
      technique to which assay of spacecraft is currently restricted. Four types of
      contamination control cloths were initially tested. A polyester-bonded cloth
      (PBC) was selected for further evaluation because of its superior efficiency and
      handling characteristics. Results from comparative tests with PBC and cotton
      swabs on simulated spacecraft surfaces indicated a significantly higher recovery
      efficiency for the PBC than for the cotton (90.4 versus 75.2%). Of the sampling
      areas sites studied, PBC was found to be most effective on surface areas not
      exceeding 0.74 m2 (8.0 feet 2).

PMID- 394683
TI  - Effect of waterfowl (Anas platyrhynchos) on indicator bacteria populations in a
      recreational lake Madison, Wisconsin.
AB  - A public swimming beach in Madison, wis., experienced intermittent high fecal
      coliform counts during the late summer and early fall of 1978. Public health
      officials closed the beach on a number of occasions. A public health survey
      identified a combination of waterfowl wastes and meteorological events as the
      explanation for the high bacteria counts. Fecal coliform bacteria were deposited
      by mallard ducks and multiplied in the beach sands. The bacteria were
      subsequently transported into the lake and resulted in high fecal coliform counts
      in the swimming area.

PMID- 394685
TI  - The antiquity of poisonous plants.

PMID- 394684
TI  - MICRID: a computer-assisted microbial identification system.
AB  - An extensive computer-assisted identification system for bacteria and yeasts (117
      genera and 1,430 species) was developed, and applications proved very useful in
      teaching situations.

PMID- 394686
TI  - Comparison of IV salbutamol with IV aminophylline in severe acute asthma.

PMID- 394687
TI  - Infantile cortical hyperostosis with raised immunoglobulins.

PMID- 394688
TI  - Are Langhans giant cells precursors of foreign-body giant cells?
AB  - Granulomas were induced in rats by subcutaneous implantation of pieces of Melinex
      plastic into the dorsum. The pieces of Melinex were removed at intervals varying
      from 16 h to 14 days, and the adherent cells were studied morphologically and
      quantitatively. Giant cell formation started about 32 h after implantation. The
      first giant cells to appear were of the Langhans type. Two days after
      implantation, most of the giant cells are still Langhans-type cells. A few giant
      cells of the foreign-body type and transition forms between the Langhans and
      foreign-body types are also present. From the third day on, the foreign-body type
      gradually becomes predominant. Independent of the duration of implantation, giant
      cells with 3, 4, or 5 nuclei are virtually without exception of the Langhans
      type. The higher the number of nuclei between 6 and 30, the more cells are of the
      foreign-body type. Giant cells with 30 or more nuclei are all foreign-body type.
      The findings are discussed in the light of current knowledge concerning giant
      cell formation. It is concluded that under the present experimental conditions,
      Langhans-type giant cells are the precursors of foreign-body-type giant cells.

PMID- 394689
TI  - Effects of 8-methoxypsoralen plus 365 nm UVA light on Candida albicans cells. An
      electron microscopic study.
AB  - Candida (C.) albicans cells were exposed to 8-Methoxypsoralen (8-MOP)
      concentrations of 1.0 microgram/ml and 10.0 micrograms/ml medium and irradiated
      with 365 nm light. The amount of energy emitted was 4.8 J/cm2. Two divergent
      types of cell damage occured concerning yeast cell cytoplasm and cell wall. Two
      hours after exposure cytoplasmic changes involving mitochondria, which showed
      irregularities in shape, blurred appearance or loss of mitochondrial cristae and
      outer membrane were seen. The number of vacuoles was increased. The cytoplasm
      showed large electron transparent areas, the cytoplasmic membrane disappeared in
      some areas completely. Nucleus and nuclear envelope usually remained intact in
      early stages. 24 h after exposure conspicuous cell wall alterations were observed
      in addition to cytoplasmic changes. Newly produced cell wall material formed ball
      like protrusions or was adherent sickle-shaped to the cell wall. The
      investigations strongly suggest that the results found after 8-MOP-UVA treatment
      of C. albicans cells can not be interpreted in the sense of a general cytotoxic
      effect. Apparently it takes the form of a combination of events involving
      regressive and progressive alterations.

PMID- 394690
TI  - In vitro studies on microphage functions in chronic pyoderma vegetans.
AB  - The function of microphages has been studied in two patients with chronic
      pyoderma vegetans by in vitro determination of phagocytosis as well as
      chemotaxis. The results showed a striking decrease in the chemotactic activity of
      the neutrophil granulocytes, a reduced phagocytosis of Candida albicans and
      Staphylococcus aureus, and a weakness of the intracellular killing of these
      microorganisms. However, the NADH-dependent oxidase activity appeared to be
      intact. No defect was found in the specific cellular or humoral immune system in
      either patient.

PMID- 394692
TI  - Fate of 14C dieldrin in a simulated terrestrial ecosystem.

PMID- 394693
TI  - Size of rat spermatozoa during maturation along the epididymis.
AB  - An electrical sizing apparatus based on the Coulter Counter was used to measure
      rat spermatozoa from the proximal (caput) and distal (caudal) ends of the
      epididymis and from the ejaculate. The typical size distribution is unimodal with
      a positive skew, the crescent shape of the cells precluding absolute volume
      determination. During their passage through the epididymis, spermatozoa decrease
      in size as part of maturation. Saponin causes cell lysis and chymotrypsin cell
      shrinkage, both effects being more pronounced in the proximal region. It would
      seem that, during the maturation process within the epididymis, changes occur in
      the spermatozoon membrane that make the cells more stable.

PMID- 394694
TI  - [Nutritional optimization of thermal processing of canned food].
AB  - The model developed by Barreiro, Salas and Herrera (7) for the prediction of
      nutrient losses during the thermal processing of conduction heated foods was used
      in this work to optimize the thermal processing, maximizing nutrient retention in
      processes with equivalent sterilization values. The processes were stimulated in
      a digital computer (taking pea puree canned in cans 307 x 409 as the product
      analyzed). Aall of the processes had equivalent sterilization values with respect
      to Clostridium botulinum. The thiamine retention associated with each process was
      calculated by the model of Barreiro, Salas and Herrera (7). The maximum fraction
      of thiamine retained was of 0.688 for a process at 114.2 degrees C (237.5 degrees
      F) for 95 minutes. Also, the possibility of the existence of a can with optimum
      dimensions for maximum thiamine retention, with the same sterilization values,
      was studied. It was found that this optimum, with the same does not exist; on the
      contrary, the retention was at a minimum when the diameter approaches infinite
      and the height zero, and viceversa. For this reason, from the nutrient retention
      point of view, it is better to process the product in flat or slender cans for a
      given sterilization value.

PMID- 394695
TI  - [Studies of bovine mycoplasma mastitis. 1. Review of literature on the occurrence
      of bovine mastitis with Mycoplasma involvement].
AB  - The clinical pattern as well as the pathologico-anatomic or histological changes
      due to mycoplasma mastitis are neither specific nor pathognomic. Mastitis
      pathogens so far described included M. bovis, M. bovigenitalium, A. laidlawii, A.
      axanthum, M. alkalescens, M. canadense, M. dispar, M. bovirhinis, strains of
      Group 7 according to Leach, strain ST 6, and ureaplasma strains. In the GDR,
      enzootic mastitis has been confined to A. laidlawii and A. axanthum.

PMID- 394696
TI  - [Studies of bovine Mycoplasma mastitis. 2. Testing of various culture media and
      culture methods for the isolation of Mycoplasma from milk samples].
AB  - The recipes Medium-I broth, Medium-B broth, and Weissenseemycoplasma broth as
      well as Medium-I agar, Medium-B agar, and MRL agar were tested for their
      applicability to culturing mycoplasma from milk samples, using the direct and
      indirect techniques. No dependable information on the occurrence of mycoplasma
      was obtainable from tested material unless several nutritive media and techniques
      were combined. Medium I, for which almost no imported substances were needed, was
      in no way inferior to common international nutritive substrates. Its use in
      conjunction with the indirect culturing technique is recommended for routine
      diagnosis.

PMID- 394697
TI  - [Hyperammonemia in pediatric diseases].

PMID- 394699
TI  - [Joseph A. Trueta 1900-1977].

PMID- 394698
TI  - [Radioisotopes in rheumatology].

PMID- 394700
TI  - [Jose Valls, 20 June 1896-1 May 1977].

PMID- 394701
TI  - [Jose Luis Bado, 8 July 1903-19 December 1977].

PMID- 394702
TI  - [Germano Mancini, 22 February 1906-25 October 1978].

PMID- 394703
TI  - [A remembrance of Pasquale del Torto, 8 November 1891-25 January 1979].

PMID- 394705
TI  - [Aphthous stomatitis and Behcet's syndrome. (Literature review)].

PMID- 394704
TI  - [Clinical contribution to knowing leukoplakia, lichen ruber planus and papilloma
      as expressions of potentially cancerous lesions].

PMID- 394706
TI  - [Non-hereditary ectodermal dysplasia. (Clinical contribution)].

PMID- 394708
TI  - [Mandibular endoprosthesis].

PMID- 394707
TI  - [Paget's disease and maxillary myeloplastic tumor. (Clinical contribution)].

PMID- 394710
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of canal obturation according to Schilder's vertical
      condensation technic].

PMID- 394709
TI  - [A particular technic of dental reimplantation and transplantation. Experimental
      and clinical study].

PMID- 394711
TI  - [Preliminary research on the scanning electron microscope. Note 2. Tooth-filling
      interface study].

PMID- 394712
TI  - [Carotid body tumor: morphologic description of a case and nosographic
      considerations].

PMID- 394714
TI  - [Oral cavity pemphigus: clinical review, immunology, cytohistology and therapy].

PMID- 394713
TI  - [Oral mucosa pathology excluding periodontal diseases and tumors. Round table of
      the 15th National Congress of the Italian Society of Dentistry and Maxillo-Facial
      Surgery].

PMID- 394715
TI  - [Precision attachments in partial removable dentures].

PMID- 394716
TI  - Lack of enhancement of chemical mutagenesis by saccharin in the Salmonella assay.
AB  - A purified batch of the artificial sweetener saccharin (S-1022) was assayed for
      mutagenicity and comutagenicity by the Ames Salmonella assay system. Saccharin
      was not mutagenic and failed to enhance the mutagenic activity induced by a wide
      variety of known mutagens. These results do not argue against the tumor-promotor
      like activity of saccharin but only indicate that the Ames Salmonella assay is
      not capable of detecting saccharin as a promoter of mutagenesis.

PMID- 394717
TI  - [Evaluation of the danger to public health from vinyl chloride in the
      environment].

PMID- 394718
TI  - [Checking the dimensional stability and accuracy from casting material copies
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 394719
TI  - [Considerations on marginal extension of preparations (author's transl)].

PMID- 394720
TI  - [Immunoglobulins of the normal cerebrospinal fluid].
AB  - The most important methods and results found in literature on immunoglobulins of
      the normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are reviewed. A study was made of
      immunoglobulins in the CSF of 50 individuals who suffered from chronic migraine
      but showed normal results for the physical and neurological examinations;
      electroencephalograph, CSF tests (sub-occipital puncture) and proteinogram of the
      serum also fell within the limits of normalcy in all of the 50 cases. The study
      of immunoglobulins was conducted through the radial immunodifusion method.
      Results obtained as to immunoglobulins of the CSF varied between 1,55 and 3,97
      mg/100 ml, or 0,17 and 0,44 for IGG; values lay between 0 and 0,62 mg/100 ml, or
      0,37 UI for IGA. Presence of IGM was not detected in any of the cases studied.
      Analysis of the results showed that, for the CSF of the cisterna magna in normal
      individuals, IGG is always found at an average concentration of 2,37 mg/100 ml
      and a standard deviation of 0,59. IGA is mostly found at an average concentration
      of 0,34 mg/100 ml and a standard deviation of 0,17. IGM is not demonstrable,
      under normal conditions, by the method chosen by the author.

PMID- 394721
TI  - [The personality of the alcohol. Socio-cultural, psychopathological and
      psychodynamic variables].
AB  - 86 chronic alcoholics hospitalized in three psychiatric clinics, were studied
      through a questionnaire and the Szondi Projective Test. Dividing the sample into
      two groups, "social" and psychotic alcoholics brought several significant
      differences to light. The mean age of the psychotic patients was lower than of
      the "social" alcoholics, suggesting that the pathology of the former had begun
      sooner. Furthermore, the projective test revealed that the pathology of the
      psychotic patients was qualitatively different in that they use negation and
      selfblocking defense mechanisms at a self-destructive level. This hinders
      individualization and fixates the patient, without internal consistency, at a
      level of pre-genital regression which is manifested in their social marginality.

PMID- 394722
TI  - The anterior cerebral artery. II. A computer model of its cortical branches
      estereotaxically obtained from anatomical specimens.
AB  - This article is a corrollary of a previously published anatomical study of the
      anterior cerebral artery. The authors propose a method to obtain a computer model
      of the anterior cerebral artery, based on a combined system of stereotaxic
      coordinates and a specially developed computer program. The graphic analysis,
      thus obtained, is projected on a model atlas brain and an ideal diagram of this
      anatomical structure is obtained. Forty anatomical specimens were used for this
      study.

PMID- 394723
TI  - The old and the new in ultrafiltration techniques.

PMID- 394724
TI  - Prediction of solute transport during peritoneal dialysis.
AB  - Solute transport, predominantly diffusion, across the peritoneum correlates
      inversely with molecular weight. Provided that the solute is water soluble, not
      protein bound, not of unusual density, not ionized, does not have a large
      hydration shell, and is transported from plasma to dialysate, the peritoneal
      clearance is predictable over the molecular weight range from 60 to 11,000
      daltons. Transport reates that deviate from the predicted can be explained by
      known physical properties of particular solutes.

PMID- 394725
TI  - Counterregulatory system in an artificial endocrine pancreas. Glucose infusion
      algorithm.
AB  - An artificial endocrine pancreas has been developed by adding a glucose infusion
      system to the artificial beta cell system. In this computer algorithm, glucose is
      infused on the basis of proportional and derivative actions to blood glucose
      concentration with the time delay constant between blood withdrawal and
      initiation of glucose infusion. When glucose was infused on the basis of
      proportional action with a 20-minute time delay, the prompt restoration to
      normoglycemia from the hypoglycemic state with a smaller amount of glucose was
      shown in depancreatized dogs. These results indicate that the artificial
      endocrine pancreas thus prepared is not only a useful device to safely control
      blood glucose, but also is an efficient research tool for the analysis of the
      blood glucose regulatory mechanism.

PMID- 394726
TI  - A tribute to Dr. Werner Bandel: his contributions to the development of Cuprophan
      membranes. From packaging films to hemodialysis and hemofiltration.

PMID- 394727
TI  - Current status of an implantable cochlear prosthesis.

PMID- 394728
TI  - [Rubeosis iridis and neovascular glaucoma].

PMID- 394729
TI  - [Choroid tumors].

PMID- 394730
TI  - A protease-antiprotease system in antrochoanal polyp. I. Evidence for the
      existence of proactivator.
AB  - Tissue extract of antrochoanal polyps showed a faint lysis area on standard
      fibrin plates, but streptokinase (SK)-added tissue extract showed a large lysis
      area. No fibrinolytic activity was observed on plasminogen-free fibrin plates. It
      is concluded, therefore, that the fibrinolytic activity observed after SK
      addition is indicative of the existence of SK-responsive protein proactivator.
      The tissue extract did not contain plasminogen or antiprotease against trypsin or
      papain. It was stable at neutral pH at 37 degrees C and stable at acid pH at 70
      degrees C. The role of proactivator is discussed in relation to the growth or
      enlargement of antrochoanal polyps.

PMID- 394731
TI  - Clifford Jungfer.

PMID- 394732
TI  - The treatment of symptomatic urinary tract infection.
AB  - 779 patients suffering from symptoms of urinary tract infection have been
      studied. Fifty-two per cent were found to have true bacterial infection of the
      urine. Several treatment regimes were assessed, and of these it appeared that
      sulphamethizole 1g three times a day was most effective, both in terms of a lower
      rate of relapse of infection and also a low incidence of side effects.

PMID- 394734
TI  - Antibody responses to influenza vaccines containing A/USSR/90/77.
AB  - Studies were undertaken in adult groups aged 17-24 years, 25-64 years and 66-100
      years to determine the haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody responses to sub
      unit influenza containing A/USSR/90/77 (H1N1). Antibody responses to A/USSR/90/77
      were low in all groups. The young adult group (17-24 years) produced a primary
      response to A/USSR/90/77 and showed a significant response to a second dose of
      vaccine, whereas their responses to the A/Texas/1/77 (H3N2) and B/Hong Kong/8/73
      components were of the anamnestic type and showed no significant increase to a
      second dose. The adult (25-64 years) and aged (66-100 years) groups responded
      anamnestically to all three vaccine components. There was no impairment of the
      antibody response in the aged group in comparison with the response in the adult
      group. A comparative assay in microtitre trays and WHO plates showed two- to four
      fold differences in antibody titre to A/USSR/90/77 in these systems.

PMID- 394733
TI  - Local immune response in mice to Vibrio cholerae.
AB  - Cholera immunization schedules were investigated in mice, with emphasis placed on
      obtaining an immune response in the intestine. The most effective schedule for
      producing a good local response was found to be several orally-given priming
      doses of the organism followed after 14 days by an intravenous boosting dose.
      Major differences between the immune responses in the spleen and the intestine
      were noted.

PMID- 394735
TI  - HLA patterns in Australian patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
      (IDDM).
AB  - HLA antigens were determined in 169 Australian patients with insulin dependent
      diabetes mellitus (IDDM). HLA-B8 (47.9% v. 23.8%) and B15 (18.9% v. 8.2%) were
      significantly more frequent in the IDDM patients than in 1460 controls. The
      relative risks for developing IDDM in people carrying these antigens were 2.94
      and 2.59 respectively. Carriers of the B8/B15 genotype had a relative risk of
      5.48. These HLA associations in Australian IDDM patients are similar to those
      reported in other predominantly Caucasian populations.

PMID- 394736
TI  - Exchange of cadaveric kidneys for transplantation in Australia and New Zealand.
AB  - In the period from March 1970 to April 1978, 176 kidneys from 137 cadaver donors
      were exchanged, on the basis of HLA matching, between transplant centres
      throughout Australia and New Zealand. The kidneys were preserved by simple ice
      storage or machine perfusion, and transported by air in chipped ice. Total
      ischaemia times ranged from 3.5 to 28.6 hours and immediate function occurred in
      52% of cases. Graft survival was 62% at one year, 51% at three years and 47% at
      five years, the corresponding patient survival rates being 86%, 74% and 71%. An
      average of 1.4 antigens mismatched was achieved, and 59% of recipients received
      kidneys with zero or one antigen mismatched. These kidneys survived better than
      those with two or more antigens mismatched, the difference being 12% at one year,
      and rising to more than 20% at five years. The results confirm the practicability
      and potential value of the Organ Sharing Scheme, and indicate that effective
      sharing of kidneys on the basis of zero HLA mismatches could substantially
      improve the current success rate of clinical cadaveric renal transplantation.

PMID- 394737
TI  - High-dose methotrexate therapy--an area of uncertainty.

PMID- 394738
TI  - Glucagon--new concepts about and "old" hormone.

PMID- 394739
TI  - Skin diseases associated with renal transplantation.

PMID- 394740
TI  - Bullous discoid lupus erythematosus: a case report.

PMID- 394741
TI  - Arthur Joseph Day.

PMID- 394742
TI  - Anthony N. Domonkos.

PMID- 394743
TI  - Directory of members.

PMID- 394744
TI  - Cytochemistry of normal and leukaemic lymphocytes: a review.
AB  - Findings with six cytochemical reactions demonstrable in normal and leukaemic
      lymphocytes were reviewed. The two methods which are presently of greater
      diagnostic value are the acid phosphatase (AP) and alpha-naphthyl acetate
      esterase (ANAE) reactions. AP has a definitive role in the diagnosis of acute and
      chronic T-cell leukaemias, where a strong positive reaction helps to distinguish
      them from most B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. New findings concerning the
      ultrastructural localization of this enzyme are presented. ANAE is of value in
      distinguishing T-lymphocytes (positive localized reaction) from B lymphocytes
      (negative reaction) and the T micron from the T gamma subpopulation of T
      lymphocytes, a positive reaction demonstrable only in the T micron cells. Other
      reactions reviewed were PAS, beta-glucoronidase, hexosaminidase and alkaline
      phosphatase.

PMID- 394745
TI  - Juntaro Kamahora, 1911-1977.

PMID- 394746
TI  - Phenethylbiguanide effect on mitochondrial Ca+ and Mg2+ content.

PMID- 394747
TI  - Angiotensin-II-stimulated release of thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin (PGI2) in
      isolated, perfused kidneys of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

PMID- 394748
TI  - Quality assurance: a professional quest for speech-language pathologists and
      audiologists.

PMID- 394749
TI  - The Senatorial campaign.

PMID- 394750
TI  - [Outline of a history... nursing education in the Catholic University of Puerto
      Rico].

PMID- 394751
TI  - Current management of cardiac transplant recipients.
AB  - Changes in the management of cardiac transplant recipients over the past 10 years
      have resulted in a substantial improvement in the outlook for survival. Imuran
      and prednisone remain the primary immunosuppressive agents, but rabbit antihuman
      thymocyte globulin is used initially and reinstituted during rejection.
      Endomyocardial biopsy has allowed more precise diagnosis and management of
      rejection, and more recently immunological monitoring has been introduced to
      provide more frequent assessment of the host immune response. Infection is the
      major cause of death, and its diagnosis and treatment is managed aggressively.
      Current survival figures justify the use of cardiac transplantation, by an
      experienced team, when other measures have been exhausted.

PMID- 394752
TI  - Double-blind trial comparing two dosage schedules of beclomethasone dipropionate
      aerosol with a placebo in chronic bronchial asthma. Second report of the Brompton
      Hospital/Medical Research Council Collaborative Trial.
AB  - A follow-up study to 52 weeks is reported on 95 corticosteroid-dependent
      asthmatics who took part in a double-blind, controlled trial of beclomethasone
      dipropionate for 28 weeks. During the 28 weeks two dosage schedules (800
      microgram and 400 microgram daily) were compared with a placebo. If the
      corticosteroid tablet dosage had been at least halved and the clinical condition
      was satisfactory, the allocated regimen was continued 'blind' for the second
      period (29-52 weeks); 51 patients continued for this period, 46 on beclomethasone
      dipropionate. If progress was unsatisfactory, known beclomethasone dipropionate
      800 microgram daily was substituted, the supervision remaining unchanged, the
      clinical supervisors remaining unaware which schedule had been received during
      the first 28 weeks. Nearly all the patients who at least halved their
      corticosteroid tablet dosage by 28 weeks continued to do well up to 52 weeks on
      the allocated regimen. When the placebo patients with unsatisfactory progress at
      28 weeks were changed to 800 microgram beclomethasone dipropionate they showed a
      substantial improvement. Patients changed from 400 to 800 microgram showed little
      improvement on average. Approximately 30% of the whole group of patients failed
      to have their dosage of corticosteroid tablets, despite receiving 800 microgram
      beclomethasone dipropionate daily for six or more months. The cumulative
      incidence of 'oral candidiasis' (as defined for this report) in placebo patients
      changed at 28 weeks to 800 microgram beclomethasone dipropionate daily was 30% at
      36 weeks and 43% at 52 weeks. Of eight patients increased from 400 microgram to
      800 microgram daily, one had 'candidiasis' by 36 weeks and three by 52 weeks.
      Oral candidiasis was often asymptomatic and never led to the discontinuation of
      the corticosteroid aerosol, although the dosage was reduced in nine of the 30 who
      received 800 microgram beclomethasone dipropionate during the first 28 weeks. The
      incidence of bacterial infections in patients on beclomethasone dipropionate was
      similar to that of the placebo group and systematic laboratory investigations
      revealed no increase in the rate of isolation of potential pathogens.

PMID- 394753
TI  - Tuberculosis in renal transplant recipients.
AB  - Of more than 400 patients who received renal transplants in Cambridge, five
      subsequently developed tuberculosis. All had pulmonary involvement. Radiological
      abnormalities included miliary opacities, bilateral lower zone shadowing or
      typical upper zone shadowing with cavitation. Lung biopsy was required for
      diagnosis in two cases. Three patients recovered after treatment with
      antituberculosis drugs and none has relapsed. One died during chemotherapy
      despite drug-susceptible organisms. The problems encountered during chemotherapy
      are discussed.

PMID- 394754
TI  - A comparison of oral choline theophyllinate and beclomethasone in severe
      perennial asthma in children.
AB  - Fourteen children with perennial asthma previously treated with beclomethasone
      dipropionate were studied for four months in a crossover trial to compare the
      efficacy of choline theophyllinate and beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol in the
      control of their symptoms. Assessments were made using twice daily peak flow
      measurements, together with daily records of symptom scores and use of extra
      salbutamol. Beclomethasone and oral choline theophyllinate together improved
      control of asthma in comparison with beclomethasone alone. Reduction of the dose
      of beclomethasone from 400 microgram/day caused worsening of asthma. Oral choline
      theophyllinate did not prevent this deterioration and therefore cannot replace
      beclomethasone for the long-term treatment of such asthmatic patients.

PMID- 394755
TI  - Two aminophylline preparations in nocturnal asthma.
AB  - In a double-blind trial the effects of aminophylline suppositories and slow
      release aminophylline tablets were compared with similar placebo preparations in
      nine patients whose complaint was asthma which woke them from sleep at night.
      Forced expired volume in one second (FEV1) was measured in each patient at three
      hourly intervals from 1900 hours to 0700 hours on four separate nights, the
      preparation being administered immediately after the 2200 hour measurement. On
      the nights when a placebo was administered the FEV1 showed a statistically
      significant fall between 1900 and 0400 hours. Aminophylline had a statistically
      highly significant effect in reducing or preventing this fall, suppositories and
      tablets being equally effective in this single-dose study.

PMID- 394756
TI  - Haemoptysis in eosinophilic granuloma.
AB  - Eosinophilic granuloma of bone may involve the lung in about 20% of cases (Lewis
      1964); and may present in the lung without other organ involvement. Haemoptysis
      occurs in about 10% of cases for unknown reasons. I document here a case with
      typical presentation and course, but which was complicated by haemoptysis of
      increasing severity leading to death. The cause of haemoptysis was diagnosed at
      fibreoptic bronchoscopy.

PMID- 394757
TI  - Unusual course of beryllium lung disease.
AB  - The cases of two patients with beryllium disease of the lung are reported in
      which acute exposure produced immediate symptoms and progressed to chronic
      disease with no latent period.

PMID- 394758
TI  - Immune response to human keratoacanthoma.
AB  - Immune reactivity to human keratoacanthoma was investigated by microcytotoxicity
      tests and immunofluorescence. IgM and complement were consistently present in
      lesions; IgG and fibrin were infrequent. No evidence of in vivo bound
      immunoglobulin was found on the surface of keratoacanthoma cells by membrane
      immunofluorescence. Neither patients' sera nor peripheral blood leukocytes showed
      significant cytotoxicity against autochthonous tumour cells in microtitre assays.
      This study fails to support the view that regression of human keratoacanthoma is
      mediated by immunological mechanisms.

PMID- 394759
TI  - Architecture of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli K12. IV. Relationship
      between outer membrane particles and aqueous pores.
AB  - The hypothesis that intramembraneous particles, observed in the outer membrane of
      Escherichia coli by freeze-fracture electron microscopy, are the morphological
      representation of aqueous pores, was tested. A mutant which is deficient in five
      major outer membrane proteins, b, c, d, e and the phage lambda receptor protein,
      contains a largely decreased number of intramembraneous particles and also shows
      a greatly decreased rate of uptake of several solutes. In derivatives of this
      strain which contain only one of these proteins in large amounts a strong
      decrease of the number of intramembraneous particles is observed, which is
      accompanied by a complete restoration of the rate of uptake of those solutes
      which use pores in which the protein in question is involved. The results provide
      strong evidence for the notion that an individual pore contains only one protein
      species, a property which has been found earlier for individual particles. The
      observed correlation between particles and equeous pores strongly supports the
      hypothesis that the particles are the morphological representation of pores.
      Implications of this hypothesis for the structure of the particles are discussed.

PMID- 394760
TI  - Proteinases as probes of the structure of rat liver ribonucleoprotein particles
      carrying heterogeneous nuclear RNA.
AB  - Three proteolytic enzymes with different specificities produced essentially the
      same degradation pattern of the proteins of ribonucleoprotein particles. Proteins
      with apparent molecular weights of 144 000, 133 000 and 115 000 were hydrolyzed
      most readily which may indicate an exterior location in the ribonucleoprotein
      complex. The major particle proteins in the range of 30 000-42 000 daltons were
      much less susceptible to proteinases than the high molecular weight species.
      Proteins of 31 000, 33 000 and 42 000 daltons were resistant to proteolysis. The
      degradation rates of the proteins in intact ribonucleoprotein particles were
      considerably lower than rates obtained with the same proteins separated from the
      RNA. Incubation with trypsin and recentrifugation of polyparticles led to a shift
      in the sedimentation constant from 90 S to 0-20 S, corresponding to a decrease in
      the protein to RNA ratio from 4 to 1.3. No significant change in the small
      molecular weight RNA pattern was detected after trypsin digestion.

PMID- 394761
TI  - Subunit localizations of zinc(II) in DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from
      Escherichia coli B.
AB  - RNA Polymerase holoenzyme and core enzyme from Escherichia coli B have been shown
      to contain two zinc ions. Flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy of the
      isolated core subunits indicated that one zinc ion is localized on the beta
      subunit and the other is bound on the beta' subunit. Atomic fluorescence
      spectroscopy showed that prolonged dialysis of the metalloenzyme against 0.01 M o
      phenanthroline resulted in the removal of both zinc(II) ions with accompanying
      loss of enzymatic activity. The activity of the apoenzyme was observed to be
      completely restored by readdition of zinc(II) and partially restored by
      cobalt(II).

PMID- 394762
TI  - Amino acid sequences of soluble tryptic peptides of chorismate mutase/prephenate
      dehydratase from Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - The amino acid sequences of 28 soluble tryptic peptides from chorismate
      mutase/prephenate dehydratase from Escherichia coli K12 have been determined.
      Together with the four unique cysteine-containing peptides sequenced by Gething
      and Davidson ((1976) Eur. J. Biochem. 71, 327-336) this accounts for
      approximately 75% of the total sequence expected for this protein. A high
      frequency of identify between some of the peptides suggests the possibility of
      gene duplication during the evolution of the structural gene for the enzyme.

PMID- 394763
TI  - [New data on poxviruses].

PMID- 394764
TI  - Prediction of pairing schemes in RNA molecules-loop contributions and energy of
      wobble and non-wobble pairs.
AB  - Previously published models for predicting pairing schemes in RNA molecules, when
      applied to tRNA, give the clover leaf structure in only half the cases. We made a
      systematic investigation of the predictability of the clover leaf structure under
      various assumptions concerning the energetic contributions of single and double
      stranded regions. We tested 21 different models and variants on a set of 100 tRNA
      sequences and many other variants on a smaller set of sequences. In our models we
      allowed not only G.C, A.U and G.U pairing, but also every other pair. Under
      conditions which are much less restrictive than those of previous attempts, we
      can nevertheless reach 90 per cent predictability for the clover leaf structure
      of tRNA. A most surprising and far-reaching result is that we can assign to C.G
      and C.C pairs binding energies quite close to the energies of G.U pairs, and
      still predict the clover leaf. The following ranking for non-complementary pairs
      was obtained : G.U, G.G and C.C, U.U, C.A, A.A and G.A, U.C. The main practical
      innovation which made possible the improvements in predictability are: i) not
      counting the stacking of base pairs separated by a bulge loop; ii) making the
      terminal C.C's in stems more stable than the terminal A.U's by merely -- 0.7
      kcal; iii) replacing the distinction between G.C and A.U-closed loops by a
      distinction based on the presence of loop-favoring residues; iv) carefully
      adjusting the energetic balance between the various kinds of loops; v) narrowing
      the gap between the GC/GC and the GC/AU contributions; vi) using observations on
      nearest-neighbours in tRNA sequences to refine the contributions of G.U pairs.

PMID- 394765
TI  - Analysis of large specific T1 oligonucleotides of 17S and 25S ribosomal RNAs from
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The primary structure of 17S and 25S ribosomal RNAs from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      has been analysed by two-dimensional fractionation of T1 oligonucleotides. This
      method consists of an electrophoresis at pH 3.5 followed by a homochromatography
      on DEAE-cellulose plates. After the second dimension, the large T1
      oligonucleotides were hydrolyzed by pancreatic RNAse, followed by alkaline
      hydrolysis of the pancreatic products. By fractionating a mixture of tritiated
      HeLa cell ribosomal RNAs and 32 P yeast cell ribosomal RNAs, two autoradiographs
      were obtained; one corresponding to the 32P labelled material and the other to
      the tritiated labelled material. By superposition of the two autoradiographs, the
      mobility of the various T1 oligonucleotides can be accurately compared and it is
      shown that yeast 17S rRNA and human 18S rRNA have in common 5 large
      oligonucleotides and that yeast 25S rRNA and human 28S rRNA have 4 identical
      oligonucleotides.

PMID- 394766
TI  - Genetic and physical characterization of a segment of yeast mitochondrial DNA
      involved in the control of genetic recombination.
AB  - Genetic recombination between the 3 RIB (ribosomal) loci of yeast mitochondrial
      DNA is under the control of a mitochondrial locus named omega (with alleles
      omega+ and omega-) which is tightly linked to the RIBI locus. We have attempted
      to elucidate the molecular mechanisms(s) involved by using rho- mutants with
      similar (RIBI+ RIB2+ RIB3(0) genotype but different recombination properties in
      rho- x rho+ crosses. These were obtained through pedigree analysis and their
      mitochondrial DNAs were mapped on a high resolution physical map of the RIB
      section that had been built by analysis of thermal denaturation profiles and
      electron microscopy of partially denatured molecules. By comparison of physical
      and genetic data it can be shown that possession of the omega+ allele by the rho-
      cell is not sufficient for its expression in crosses, some additional DNA
      segments(s) in the ribosomal region being needed. This result and several
      features of the rho+ x rho- crosses are discussed in the light of current
      concepts in mitochondrial genetics of yeast and the recently discovered fact that
      omega+ and omega- strains differ by the presence of a 1000 base pairs insertion
      in the former.

PMID- 394767
TI  - Enhancement and suppression in production of IgM-antibody in mice treated with
      purified saponins.
AB  - Effects of purified saponins on antibody production against SRBC antigen were
      investigated in adult mice by using the direct hemolytic plaque technique of
      Cunningham and Szenberg. Intravenous injection of ginsenoside-Rb1, -Rc, senegin
      III, -IV or platycodin-D caused increase in antibody-producing cells. However,
      the same treatment with ophiopogonin-D, ginsenoside-Rd or glycoside-H2 suppressed
      antibody production. Immuno-suppression due to the latter three substances seemed
      not to be associated with cytocidal effect. Ophiopogonin-B and platycodin-C had
      no effects.

PMID- 394768
TI  - Characterization of normal human cells by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass
      spectrometry.
AB  - Differentiation of normal human cells has been accomplished by pyrolysis gas
      chromatography mass spectrometry. Normal cells from human kidney, spleen, liver
      and brain tissues have been pyrolyzed and the products chromatographically
      separated and characterized by mass spectrometry. Molecular pyrolysis products
      giving rise to the characteristic pyro-mass chromatograms include, but are not
      limited to, alkenes, alkanes, nitriles and various ring compounds. Single ion
      mass chromatograms as well as multiple ion mass chromatograms have been used to
      explore the characteristic differences between various tissue materials. A
      dynamic computer methodology for comparing pyro-mass chromatograms has been
      developed for use in automatic identification and classification of the human
      cellular material.

PMID- 394769
TI  - Famous physicians and scientists in the history of the Medical School of Marburg.

PMID- 394770
TI  - Continuous transcutaneous PO2 monitoring in vital distress of children.

PMID- 394771
TI  - Effect of intermittant bag ventilation on tcPO2 of preterm infants on continuous
      positive airway pressure.

PMID- 394772
TI  - Continuous determination of oxygen partial pressure in the field of neonatology.

PMID- 394773
TI  - Transcutaneous PO2 measurement on skin transplants.
AB  - Trnascutaneous PO2 measurements are suitable for an objective control of free
      skin transplants and pedicle flaps if used with standardized and controlled
      hyperemia. They are also suitable for monitoring the rejection of skin allografts
      and to investigate the influence of drugs on skin transplants in general.

PMID- 394774
TI  - Transcutaneous PO2 monitoring of flap circulation following surgery.
AB  - In a series of rabbit experiments, tcPO2 was found to be a very sensitive
      indicator of flap viability, reflecting minute-to-minute changes in physiology.
      It is safe, reproducible, and easily verified by comparing flap tcPO2 to a
      control site and by measuring response to increased FIO2. Transcutaneous PO2
      measurements should prove a valuable tool in flap research and in monitoring
      pedicle flaps and microvascular tissue transfers.

PMID- 394775
TI  - Transcutaneous PO2 measurements on rats and rabbits.

PMID- 394776
TI  - Archibald Garrod and the development of the concept of inborn errors of
      metabolism.

PMID- 394777
TI  - The Chinese reception of Indian medicine in the first millennium A.D.

PMID- 394778
TI  - Inward vision & outward glance: the shaping of the American hospital, 1880-1914.

PMID- 394779
TI  - The Fielding H. Garrison Lecture. "This greasy counterfeit": butter versus
      oleomargarine in the United States congress, 1886.

PMID- 394780
TI  - Nineteenth-century craniology: the study of the female skull.

PMID- 394781
TI  - On the evolution of women's medical societies.

PMID- 394782
TI  - Medical use of sixteenth-century herbal: Gervase Markham and the Banckes herbal.

PMID- 394783
TI  - Extensive trepanation of the skull in ancient Latvia.

PMID- 394784
TI  - Assistant professor Barbara Skierska, Ph.D (1928-1978). Obituary.

PMID- 394785
TI  - [Role of arachidonic acid binding to plasma proteins in the regulation of the
      synthesis of its derivatives].

PMID- 394786
TI  - [The release of proteinases from neutrophil leukocytes and macrophages].
AB  - The main source of proteinases that degrade tissue components in the course of
      inflammation are neutrophil leukocytes and macrophages. Both cells contain and/or
      produce a large variety of acid and neutral hydrolases including representatives
      of all four classes of tissue proteinases. Neutrophils are short-lived end cells
      with large enzyme stores (i.e. azurophil and specific granules) which they
      normally discharge in the course of phagocytosis. Macrophages are long-lived
      cells with a great potential for functional differentiation. In macrophages,
      proteinases and other lytic enzymes are released both by phagocytosis and by
      secretion (the latter particularly in activated macrophages) and replaced
      continuously by de novo synthesis. The acid and neutral proteinases of
      neutrophils and macrophages, their subcellular localization, their properties in
      relation to tissue damage and the mechanisms of their release are described.

PMID- 394787
TI  - [Regulatory effects of proteases in articular inflammation].
AB  - The role of proteases in the stimulation of cells participating in a chronic
      inflammatory reaction is reviewed. Several neutral proteases stimulate B
      lymphocytes to produce both specific and unspecific antibodies and such enzymes
      can replace, at least in vitro, T-helper cells. Proteases might influence
      macrophages as well, by a MIF-like activity, by increasing spreading in vitro or
      by liberating from C3 the C3b component which has an activating effect on these
      cells. Endocytosis of protease - alpha-2 macroglobulin complexes by macrophages
      induces production of neutral proteases as well. A stimulation of fibroblasts by
      proteases is possible but not yet clearly proven.

PMID- 394788
TI  - [Physiopathology of arthroses].

PMID- 394789
TI  - [Experimental arthroses].

PMID- 394790
TI  - [Generalized periarthritis calcarea (generalized hydroxyapatite disease)].
AB  - The condition of generalized periarthritis calcarea (hydroxyapatite deposition
      disease) is characterised by multiple periarticular calcification which can be
      localised around practically any joint and also in proximity to the spine. This
      calcification consists of hydroxyapatite crystals which are responsible for the
      episodes of acute, subacute or chronic periarticular or articular inflammation so
      typical of the condition. Because of this one can classify periarthritis calcarea
      along with gout and chondrocalcinosis in the group of crystal deposition
      diseases. The actual cause of the calcification remains unknown but it is
      probable that, along with hereditary factors, disturbances in metabolism play an
      important role. The diagnosis of generalised periarthritis is made from the
      characteristic X-ray picture in conjunction with the clinical findings and, on
      occasion, the demonstration of hydroxyapatite crystals in the affected tissues.
      In the differential diagnosis gout, chondrocalcinosis, various inflammatory
      rheumatic conditions and septic arthritis must be excluded and various
      calcification processes, particularly interstitial calcinosis and lipocal
      cinogranulomatosis, must also be considered. Since the etiology of the
      calcification remains unknown to specific treatment is available. Symptomatic
      treatment with colchicine is mostly inadequate which is why one often has
      recourse to the use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids.

PMID- 394791
TI  - A refined approach to ear reconstruction with silastic frames in major degrees of
      microtia.

PMID- 394792
TI  - Experimental evaluation of two-layer anastomosis in microarterial surgery.

PMID- 394793
TI  - Areolar reconstruction using skin from the perineum.

PMID- 394794
TI  - Depressive and extrapyramidal symptoms and clinical effects: a trial of
      fluphenazine versus flupenthixol in maintenance of schizophrenic out-patients.
AB  - Fifty-seven patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were started on either
      fluphenazine decanoate or flupenthixol decanoate injections in a double-blind
      trial just prior to discharge into the community. During the six month follow-up
      30 per cent dropped out of the treatment. Of those observed for six months, 7 per
      cent relapsed, 54 per cent experienced depressive symptoms and 88 per cent
      extrapyramidial side-effects. Analysis of both clinical data and the ratings
      failed to discriminate between the two drugs.

PMID- 394795
TI  - A double-blind crossover trial of baclofen--a new treatment for the unstable
      bladder syndrome.
AB  - Forty patients with the unstable bladder syndrome have been treated in a double
      blind crossover trial of baclofen 5 mg qds versus placebo. Baclofen significantly
      improved diurnal and nocturnal frequency of micturition and the severity of
      incontinence. Considerable improvement was also obtained with placebo.

PMID- 394796
TI  - Vesicoplication in the management of chronic urinary retention.
AB  - Eighteen patients have been treated by vesicoplication for low tension chronic
      urinary retention. The clinical presentation, operative technique and results in
      these 18 patients are discussed. Vesicoplication is shown to be a simple, safe
      and effective method of relieving symptoms in this group of patients.

PMID- 394797
TI  - Endourethral urethroplasty.
AB  - Following internal urethrotomy for treatment of strictures of the bulbous
      urethra, 11 patients had primary split skin grafts inlaid over the urethrotomy
      site. There were no operative complications and the results in 5 patients with a
      9-month follow-up are good.

PMID- 394798
TI  - Impaired response of pancreatic polypeptide to hypoglycaemia: an early sign of
      autonomic neuropathy in diabetics.
AB  - The pancreatic polypeptide (PP) response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia was
      studied in 18 juvenile diabetics and was calculated as the difference between the
      prestimulatory PP concentration and the maximal concentration measured. The
      response was severely impaired in patients with autonomic neuropathy (mean +/- SE
      of mean 22 +/- 12 pmol/l) as compared with patients without neuropathy (252 +/-
      51 pmol/l). Patients whose diabetes was of only a few years' duration showed a
      normal PP response to hypoglycaemia, and the response diminished significantly
      with increasing duration of diabetes. The decreased PP response to hypoglycaemia
      was significantly correlated with an increased threshold of the sense of
      vibration, (rs = 0.86). These results suggest that impaired, secretion of PP may
      serve as an early sign of autonomic neuropathy in diabetes.

PMID- 394800
TI  - Psychoanalysis, psychotherapy, and health services.

PMID- 394799
TI  - Taste loss associated with captopril treatment.

PMID- 394801
TI  - Management of haemorrhoids.

PMID- 394803
TI  - Resuscitation of the newborn.

PMID- 394802
TI  - Advertising chenodeoxycholic acid.

PMID- 394804
TI  - The spirit of occupational medicine.

PMID- 394805
TI  - Choledochitis: a lesson in applied physiology.

PMID- 394806
TI  - Gonorrhoea--a question of tactics.

PMID- 394807
TI  - Pandemic influenza 1918.

PMID- 394808
TI  - Edward Gibbon's health.

PMID- 394810
TI  - Transmissible gastroenteritis and epidemic diarrhoea of pigs.

PMID- 394809
TI  - Referee's ruderies: LPG and the BMJ.

PMID- 394812
TI  - British Veterinary Journal--1929. Contribution to the study of the etiology of
      milk fever, by Dr E. Ame.

PMID- 394811
TI  - Cervinus annos vivere: an account of opinion about the length of life of the
      deer.

PMID- 394813
TI  - British Veterinary Journal - 1929. The Doppler process in veterinary practice by
      Professor Dr. A. Antonini, Milan.

PMID- 394815
TI  - Thalamocortical synaptic relations: a review with emphasis on the projections of
      specific thalamic nuclei to the primary sensory areas of the neocortex.

PMID- 394814
TI  - A veterinary pioneer.

PMID- 394816
TI  - High affinity choline transport and acetylCoA production in brain and their roles
      in the regulation of acetylcholine synthesis.
AB  - This review describes recent advances made in the understanding of the regulation
      of acetylcholine synthesis in brain with regard to the availability of its two
      precursors, choline and acetylCoA. Choline availability appears to be regulated
      by the high affinity choline transport system. Investigations of the localization
      and inhibition of this system are reviewed. Procedures for measuring high
      affinity choline transport and their shortcomings are described. The kinetics and
      effects of previous in vivo and in vitro treatments on high affinity choline
      transport are reviewed. Kinetic and direct coupling of the transport and
      acetylation of choline are discussed. Recent investigations of the source of
      acetylCoA used for the synthesis of acetylcholine are reviewed. Three sources of
      acetylCoA have recently received support: citrate conversion catalyzed by citrate
      lyase, direct release of acetylCoA from mitochondria following its synthesis from
      pyruvate catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase, and production of acetylCoA by
      cytoplasmic pyruvate dehydrogenase. Investigations indicating that acetylCoA
      availability may limit acetylcholine synthesis are reviewed. A model for the
      regulation of acetylcholine synthesis which incorporates most of the reviewed
      material is presented.

PMID- 394817
TI  - The effect of pantothenate on sulfate metabolism and sulfur isotope fractionation
      by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in minimal salts-glucose-SO4(2-) medium with
      varying concentrations of pantothenate (0-1000 microgram/L) produced changes in
      the cellular lipid content and in the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty
      acids. Substantial differences in SO4(2-) diffusion were also observed with
      changes in pantothenate concentration. During sulfate reduction, the delta 34S
      value of the evolved sulfide varied with the pantothenate concentration ranging
      from -31% in the absence of pantothenate to 0% at 400-1000 microgram/L
      pantothenate. The isotope selectivity is related to the effect of pantothenate
      concentration on cellular metabolism.

PMID- 394818
TI  - A modified method for testing inositol assimilation by Cryptococcus species.
AB  - The proposed method for rapid testing of inositol assimilation incorporates shake
      cultures in an indicator-based broth containing inositol (1%), yeast nitrogen
      base (0.067%), bromocresol purple, and a heavy inoculum. Of 153 yeast isolates
      investigated, inositol assimilation was shown with the modified method, as also
      by the Adams-Cooper procedure, in all the 123 isolates, representing 11 species
      of Cryptococcus. The results were negative by both the methods in the remaining
      30 isolates belonging to Candida, Rhodotorula, Torulopsis, Pichia, Saccharomyces,
      and Sporobolomyces. The modified method was found to be significantly more
      effective than the Adams-Cooper procedure; the results could be read within 36 h
      by the former as against 336 h by the latter method. The superiority of the
      modified method to the Adams-Cooper procedure is attributed to increased aeration
      in shake cultures, a heavier inoculum, and reduced concentration of yeast
      nitrogen base.

PMID- 394819
TI  - Nitrogen fixation associated with 'Park' Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.).
AB  - Associative nitrogen fixation in Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) turfs
      inoculated with five nitrogen-fixing bacterial isolates was evaluated using the
      acetylene reduction assay and nitrogen accumulation as indicators of fixation.
      'Park' and 'Nugget' Kentucky bluegrass turfs were grown in controlled environment
      chambers and inoculated with Klebsiella pneumoniae (W-2, W-6, and W-14), Erwinia
      herbicola (W-8), and Enterobacter cloacae (W-11). 'Park' inoculated with K.
      pneumoniae (W-6) had significant acetylene reduction activity using undisturbed
      turfs. Other treatments including turfs treated with heat-killed cells had no
      significant difference in acetylene reduction. In a second study, "Park' and
      'South Dakota Certified' turfs were grown in a greenhouse and inoculated with K.
      pneumoniae (W-6) and E. herbicola (W-8). 'Park' inoculated with K. pneumoniae (W
      6) had increased acetylene reduction activity rates and also a greater nitrogen
      accumulation in aerial tissues when compared to controls. Acetylene reduction
      activity was correlated (r = 0.92) to nitrogen accumulation. Other treatments did
      not effectively increase acetylene reduction activity or nitrogen accumulation.

PMID- 394820
TI  - Regulation of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in relA+ and relA- strains of
      Escherichia coli during diauxic growth on glucose and lactose.
AB  - In both relA+ and relA- derivatives, the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan, lipid
      intermediates, and nucleotide precursors abruptly halted at the onset of diauxic
      lag from glucose to lactose with a concomitant accumulation of guanosine 5'
      diphosphate 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp). These results are consistent with the
      proposal that ppGpp is involved in inhibiting the incorporation of disaccharide
      pentapeptide into peptidoglycan and in regulating nucleotide precursor synthesis.

PMID- 394821
TI  - Indigenous bacteria influence the number of Salmonella typhimurium in the ileum
      of gnotobiotic mice.
AB  - Gnotobiotic BALB/c mice associated with indigenous Lactobacillus, Bacteroides,
      and two fusiform-shaped Clostridium strains had fewer S. typhimurium present in
      the ileum 3 days after intragastric challenge with the pathogen than did
      similarly challenged germfree mice. Acetic and butyric acids were detected in the
      caecal contents of the gnotobiotic mice, but in smaller concentration than was
      present in conventionalized mice. No difference in the motility of the small
      intestine was detected between germfree, gnotobiotic, and conventionalized mice.

PMID- 394822
TI  - A method for establishing stable concentration gradients in agar suitable for
      studying chemotaxis on a solid surface.
AB  - A simple technique has been developed for establishing stable gradients of a
      substance in agar. The technique involves the creation of a spherically symmetric
      concentration profile in which concentration varies inversely with the distance
      from the source and is independent of the diffusion coefficient of the substance.
      It has been shown that the gradients established with this technique are stable
      for at least 190 h. and, on a theoretical basis, they can be kept stable for more
      than 1000 h. Time-variant gradients can also be established, if desired, using
      the same system and limiting either the source or the agar sink. It must be
      emphasized that a stable gradient cannot be obtained by using a shallow agar
      layer as a sink. The use of such conditions (e.g. the agar in a standard petri
      dish) can result only in time-variant gradients. The solution to the diffusion
      equation in a spherically symmetric system establishes the expected concentration
      profile, the basis for adjusting it, and the parameters that control the behavior
      of the system. Some useful applications for examining chemotaxis on a solid
      surface as well as possible further developments are discussed.

PMID- 394823
TI  - A temperature-gradient technique for the elimination of antibiotic resistance.
AB  - A technique was developed which facilitates the application of elevated
      temperatures to strains of unknown heat sensitivity during attempts to eliminate
      antibiotic resistance. Cultures were subjected to a temperature gradient and the
      lowest temperatures which inhibited growth were found to be highly efficient in
      the elimination of gentamicin resistance in several strains of Staphylococcus
      aureus and S. epidermidis.

PMID- 394824
TI  - [Methods to predict the percentage of degradation of fluorescence induced by
      laser impulses in the immunofluorescence FTA-ABS technic].
AB  - The force, diameter, and pulse time of laser rays in the FTA-ABS
      immunofluorescence technique permit us to calculate and to predict what the
      percentage of degradation of the emitted fluorescence will be for the operating
      conditions in which this degradation is produced.

PMID- 394825
TI  - Mycelial lipids as an aid in identifying rust fungi in culture-Cronartium
      fusiforme.
AB  - The sterol and fatty acid content of mycelium from germinating basidiospores of
      Cronartium fusiforme was determined. The mycelium contained stigmast-7-enol,
      fungisterol, and possibly stigmasta-5,7-dienol. No ergosterol was detected. The
      mycelium contained the expected fatty acids and low relative proportions of 9,10
      epoxyoctadecanoic acid. The absence of ergosterol, and presence of the epoxy C18
      acid and sterols typical of certain rust spores may be used for a relatively
      rapid confirmation of rust fungi in culture. Based on these chemical criteria,
      yeast-like cells isolated from the cultures of germinating basidiospores appear
      not to be C. fusiforme.

PMID- 394826
TI  - A semicentennial: the NRCC research journals 1929--1979.

PMID- 394827
TI  - Malaria in rural Quebec: the impossible infection.

PMID- 394828
TI  - A foundling hospital anthem for the International Year of the Child.

PMID- 394829
TI  - Purified viral neuraminidase vaccine to control influenza.
AB  - The control of influenza by immunoprophylaxis is difficult because of the
      antigenic mutability of the influenza virus and the unpredictability of its
      epidemiologic behaviour. The inactivated whole-virus vaccine currently used is
      not ideal. Vaccination with pure neuraminidase is suggested. The induced
      antineuraminidase antibody will restrict viral invasion. Mild illness may or may
      not occur. On subsequent exposure to influenza virus the individual will produce
      antihemagglutinin and antineuraminidase antibodies and will be resistant to both
      infection and illness. Since antigenic changes are less frequent in the viral
      neuraminidase than in the viral hemagglutinin, the vaccine would be usable for
      longer periods than the presently used inactivated whole-virus vaccine.

PMID- 394830
TI  - Unexplained falciparum malaria in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 394831
TI  - Investigation of a Salmonella outbreak in 176 men across Canada after a trip to
      the United States.

PMID- 394832
TI  - Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in a cat.
AB  - A diagnosis of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in a cat was established by
      microbiological and histological means. Clinical signs were general malaise,
      anorexia and vomition. Significant laboratory findings included a serum
      glutamicpyruvic transaminase elevation and the presence of urine bilirubin and
      urobilinogen. Histological examination of liver biopsies revealed numerous
      varying-sized foci of caseation necrosis containing large numbers of Gram
      negative coccobacilli. Bacteriological techniques, treatment and control measures
      are discussed.

PMID- 394833
TI  - Effects of cancer, radiotherapy and cytotoxic drugs on intestinal structure and
      function.

PMID- 394835
TI  - Treatment of endometrial cancer.

PMID- 394834
TI  - Pediatric cancer chemotherapy:  an updated review.  I. Cis-Diammine-
      dichloroplatinum II (cisplatin), VM-26 (teniposide), VP-16 (etoposide), mitomycin
      C.

PMID- 394836
TI  - Immunotherapy of lung cancer. I. Review of clinical trials in non-small cell
      histologic types.

PMID- 394837
TI  - Dibromodulcitol.

PMID- 394838
TI  - Transfer factor.

PMID- 394839
TI  - Interferon: an anti-cancer agent?

PMID- 394840
TI  - Role of glycolytic flux in effect of glucose in decreasing fatty-acid-induced
      release of lactate dehydrogenase from isolated coronary ligated rat heart.
AB  - The mechanisms whereby glucose reduces fatty acid-induced release of enzyme from
      the coronary-ligated isolated perfused working rat heart are investigated. 
      Alterations in the tissue contents of ATP, phosphocreatine, or glycogen could be
      excluded as possible mechanisms for the beneficial effect of glucose in this
      system.  Provision of glycolytic ATP from increased glycolytic flux may be one
      important factor.

PMID- 394841
TI  - Genetic and metabolic control of trehalose and glycogen synthesis. New
      relationships between energy reserves, catabolite repression and maltose
      utilization.

PMID- 394842
TI  - Biological and clinical significance of macrophage electrophoretic mobility (MEM)
      test in tumor immunity.

PMID- 394843
TI  - [Insulin secretion and glycide metabolism after myocardial infarction (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 394844
TI  - [50 years of the Czechoslovak Cardiologic Society].

PMID- 394845
TI  - [On the 60th birthday of Dr. Vladimir Dufka].

PMID- 394846
TI  - [The conditions of foundation of the I. orthopedic clinic in Prague (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 394847
TI  - Quinacrine affinity of endocrine cell systems containing dense core vesicles as
      visualized by fluorescence microscopy.

PMID- 394849
TI  - [Birthday of Dr. Jaroslav Kysely].

PMID- 394848
TI  - Critique of "carcinogen-induced repair DNA synthesis".

PMID- 394850
TI  - [50th birthday of Dr. Ivo Janku].

PMID- 394851
TI  - [Iododerma tuberosum in treatment by Solutan and iododerma bullosum after
      ingestion of iodized salt (author's transl)].

PMID- 394852
TI  - [Reticuloses in dermatology (author's transl)].

PMID- 394853
TI  - [On the birthday of Dr. Milos Melichar].

PMID- 394854
TI  - [Dr. Jan Iserle, 60 years of age].

PMID- 394855
TI  - [Timolol - a new antiglaucoma agent].

PMID- 394856
TI  - [Dr. Jan Dobias - 65 years old].

PMID- 394857
TI  - [Therapeutical effect of mianserin and imipramine in endogenous depressions
      (controlled comparison) (author's transl)].

PMID- 394858
TI  - [Lithium in 1978].

PMID- 394859
TI  - [From the beginnings of Soviet child psychiatry].

PMID- 394860
TI  - [The effect of the Great October Socialist Revolution on child care in the USSR].

PMID- 394861
TI  - [150 years from the birth and 80 years from the death of Dr. Bohdan Neureutter].

PMID- 394862
TI  - [Writing a computer program for the radioisotope exploration of cerebral blood
      flow (author's transl)].
AB  - After a brief review of the steps that lead to the first results in the
      radioisotope exploration of cerebral blood flow, the authors describe their own
      method utilizing a gamma ray camera and a computer. They outline the processes by
      which the data are acquired and elaborated. Last, they illustrate their own
      computer program in flow-chart form.

PMID- 394863
TI  - [The reaction of hyperbasophilic mononucleated cells during P. falciparum
      malaria; its role in the immune response].
AB  - In 34 patients with a primary attack of P. falciparum malaria, hyperbasophilic
      mononucleated cells (atypical lymphocytes) were found 22 times. These cells
      appeared around the 3rd or 4th day of fever and represented 4 to 10% of all white
      blood cells in 14 cases, 10 to 15% in 6 cases, and 15 to 21% in 2 cases. Their
      transitory appearance seems to reflect the involvement of cell-mediated immunity,
      and more specifically of K cell-related cytotoxicity.

PMID- 394864
TI  - Preliminary 3-year results of 12 versus 6 cycles of surgical adjuvant CMF in
      premenopausal breast cancer.
AB  - In hope of reducing the duration of adjuvant treatment in premenopausal patients
      with operable breast cancer and histologically positive axillary lymph nodes, a
      prospective controlled study was started in September 1975. A total of 160
      patients were randomized to receive 12 cycles of adjuvant CMF, while 165 were
      allocated to receive 6 cycles. At 3 years from radical mastectomy, the relapse
      free survival was 85.4% in the 12-cycle group compared to 82.6% for the 6-cycle
      subset (P = 0.29). In both treatment groups, the incidence of treatment failure
      was directly proportional to the number of involved axillary nodes and to the
      clinical tumor size. Drug-induced amenorrhea as well as estrogen receptor status
      failed to significantly affect the results obtained. Treatment failures were more
      often documented in distant sites, while only 4--5% relapse was observed in local
      regional areas. Overall survival was also similar for both treatment arms (86.2%
      vs. 85.1%, P = 0.49). Toxicity was moderate and reversible and no drug-induced
      neoplasms were so far observed. Present results achieved with 6 cycles of
      adjuvant CMF appear encouraging. However, they are still too preliminary to
      recommend the routine use of 6 cycles instead of the classical 12 cycles.

PMID- 394865
TI  - Use of VM-26 as a single agent in the treatment of renal carcinoma.
AB  - VM-26 was administered to 13 patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the
      kidney. Twelve of the 13 patients were assessable. The remaining patient was
      nonevaluable due to early death as defined in the protocol. No responses were
      observed in any of the 12 patients. Nonhematological toxicity was mild except for
      one instance of life-threatening hypotension, occurring during the infusion of VM
      26. Significant leukopenia (less than 3000/mm3) occurred in 29% of courses and
      significant thrombocytopenia (less than 100,000/mm3) occurred in 14% of courses.
      Further studies using VM-26 in renal cell carcinoma do not seem warranted.

PMID- 394866
TI  - Nitrosoureas: a reappraisal of clinical trials.
AB  - The nitrosoureas (BCNU, CCNU, methyl CCNU) represent a new class of
      antineoplastic agents with a broad spectrum of antitumor activity. They are cell
      cycle nonspecific cytotoxic agents. Postulated modes of action and pharmacology
      of these nitrosoureas are reviewed. Their therapeutic effectiveness as single
      agents and in combinations have been recognized in malignant lymphomas, multiple
      myeloma, melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, gastric and colorectal carcionma, and
      small-cell carcinoma of the lung. The nitrosoureas are administered on an
      intermittent 6--8-week schedule because of delayed and frequently severe bone
      marrow toxicity which may be cumulative in nature.

PMID- 394867
TI  - Adriamycin, mitomycin C, and 5-fluorouracil in combination for advanced
      colorectal adenocarcinoma previously treated with 5-fluorouracil.
AB  - Twenty-one patients with progressing colorectal carcinoma previously treated with
      5-FU were given a combination of 5-FU, adriamycin, and mitomycin C in an attempt
      to produce an objective response. No response was observed; 24% of patients had
      an arrest of their disease for a median of 18 weeks. 5-FU, adriamycin, and
      mitomycin C in combination failed to produce a response in patients with
      colorectal carcinoma previously treated with 5-FU.

PMID- 394868
TI  - "CAMP" combination chemotherapy for unresectable non-oat cell bronchogenic
      carcinoma.
AB  - Experience with camp chemotherapy of 84 unresectable non-oat cell lung cancer
      patients is described. Fourteen (27%) of 51 patients with measurable lesions
      responded (3 CR, 11 PR) for a median response duration of 5 months with a range
      of 1 to 19+ months. Median survival of responders was 370 days, but response was
      not independent of performance status. Survival of patients without measurable
      lesions was less favorable than that of even nonresponders, suggesting prediction
      of response to CAMP by site of metastasis. Preliminary results of a randomized
      prospective trial of the CAMP combination versus CCNU as a single agent for
      patients with good performance status fail to show a difference in survival.

PMID- 394869
TI  - cis-Platinum combination chemotherapy of bladder cancer: an update.
AB  - The combination of cis-platinum (DDP), adriamycin, and 5-fluorouracil was
      evaluated in 44 patients with advanced urothelial cancer, 39 of whom were
      evaluable for response. There were 18 partial remissions (46.2%) and no complete
      responses. Remissions were clinically meaningful, but of short duration. Four
      patients had bulky pelvic disease that was made resectable by chemotherapy, but
      none of these patients remained disease-free. These results are not superior to
      that expected from DDP as a single agent. In addition, there appears to be little
      or no survival benefit associated with chemotherapy. DDP represents an advance in
      the treatment of bladder cancer, but additional active agents and innovative
      approaches are needed.

PMID- 394870
TI  - Treatment of advanced breast cancer with cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, and
      prednisone with and without methanol-extracted residue of BCG.
AB  - The value of immunotherapy as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for advanced breast
      cancer is an unsettled question. To clarify this issue, 71 women with measurable
      or evaluable metastatic breast cancer were randomized to receive
      cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, and prednisone (CFP) with or without methanol
      extracted residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (MER). The total regression rates
      were 52% (CFP) and 39% (CFP + MER), including complete regression rates of 13%
      (CFP) and 65% (CFP + MER). The median duration of regressions for CFP-treated
      patients was 257-261 days and for CFP + MER-treated patients was 385 days. The
      median time to progression was 248-261 days in the CFP group and 159 days in the
      CFP-MER group. Projected median survival for both treatment groups is 20 months.
      Immunotherapy (MER) as used in this study does not appear to augment regression
      rates or vurvival for patients with advanced breast cancer receiving CFP.

PMID- 394871
TI  - Whole abdominal irradiation for carcinoma of the ovary.
AB  - A selected group of 39 patients with ovarian carcinoma were treated by whole
      abdominal radiation therapy with a pelvic boost. No statement as to the efficacy
      of this treatment program can be made for patients with Stage I, II, and IV
      disease because of the small number of patients with those stages who were
      treated by this method. A surprising 30% 5-year survival was obtained, however,
      in patients with Stage III disease. The challenge of ovarian carcinoma lies in
      the advanced stage of disease in most patients at the time of diagnosis.

PMID- 394872
TI  - Detection of antigens and IgM antibodies for rapid diagnosis of viral infections:
      a WHO Memorandum.
AB  - This Memorandum describes recent progress in the development of simplified and
      rapid laboratory technology and reviews currently available methods for the
      direct detection of viral antigens in clinical material and/or quantification of
      specific IgM antibody in acute serum specimens. Particular emphasis is given to
      such infections as viral hepatitis, rotavirus gastroenteritis, viral infections
      of the skin, genital, and respiratory tracts, and rabies. In addition, the
      standardization and quality control of reagents are discussed and recommendations
      are made.

PMID- 394873
TI  - Prednimustine in adult acute myeloid leukaemia.
AB  - In 23 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and over the age of 64, four
      remissions (17%) were obtained with Prednimustine as a single drug. The daily
      dose was 24--60 mg orally. In 14 patients aged between 35 and 64 years who were
      treated with Prednimustine 60--80 mg daily and vincristine 2.25 mg i.v. every 7-
      10 days, six remissions were obtained (43%). Upon remission, patients were given
      ,0--40 mg of Prednimustine daily as maintenance therapy. Drug-induced
      pancytopenia preceding remission was not recorded in any patient. There were no
      side effects of major importance during maintenance therapy, and the median
      duration of remission was 8 months. It is concluded that the low toxicity of
      Prednimustine in normal bone marrow cells is of value, especially in elderly
      patients with AML.

PMID- 394874
TI  - 5-Fluorouracil as adjuvant chemotherapy for large bowel cancer. Is it appropriate
      for routine community use?

PMID- 394875
TI  - Antibodies as specific carriers for chemotherapeutic agents.

PMID- 394877
TI  - Role of the prostaglandin-thromboxane system in vascular homeostasis during
      shock.

PMID- 394878
TI  - Residual cardiac function in patients after acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 394876
TI  - Retinoids and cancer.
AB  - The early and recent investigations in the field of retinoids and cancer are
      reviewed. The retinoids, including natural vitamin A compounds and their
      synthetic analogs, present a new class of substances exerting a prophylactic and
      a therapeutic effect both in certain experimental tumor models and in certain
      clinical conditions of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions. Because of a
      particular physiological mechanism of action, the retinoids offer a new approach
      to the cancer problem, which is different from those of surgery, X-ray therapy,
      conventional chemotherapy, and immunotherapy.

PMID- 394879
TI  - Resistance of essential fatty acid-deficient rats to endotoxic shock.
AB  - The role of lipids in the altered energy metabolism of shock remains to be
      delineated fully. During the course of our studies of endotoxic shock, the
      susceptibility of essential fatty acid (EFA)-deficient rats to endotoxin was
      evaluated. Intravenous administration of S. Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin (1
      mg/100 gm) in normal male Long-Evans rats (7--8 weeks old) produced severe shock
      with an 88% mortality. In marked contrast, injection of this dose of endotoxin in
      EFA-deficient rats of the same age resulted in only an 18% mortality. The
      deficient state afforded significant protection to even supralethal doses of
      endotoxin (2 mg/100 gm). Evaluation of reticuloendothelial (RE) phagocytic
      activity with colloidal carbon did not reveal significant differences in RE
      clearance rates. Within five hours after induction of shock, however, plasma acid
      hydrolase activity of shocked control rats was approximately double that of the
      EFA-deficient group. Likewise, the endotoxin induced hypoglycemic response was
      milder in the EFA-deficient rats. The lower plasma glutamic-oxaloacetic
      transaminase activity and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity of the EFA
      deficient group also indicated a maintenance of hepatic integrity. These
      observations suggest that essential fatty acids of their products (ie,
      prostaglandins) contribute to the pathogenesis of endotoxic shock.

PMID- 394881
TI  - Immobilized enzymes.

PMID- 394880
TI  - Cardiovascular manifestations of acute antibiotic toxicity during E coli
      endotoxin shock in anesthetized dogs.
AB  - Surgically instrumented, pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs were used to examine the
      acute cardiovascular activities of gentamicin, tobramycin, sodium penicillin-G,
      and sodium cephalothin during a control state and during experimental circulatory
      shock induced by E coli endotoxin. Intravenous administration of 2.5, 5, 10, and
      20 mg/kg gentamicin or tobramycin resulted in a transient (5--20-minute) state of
      cardiovascular depression, as reflected by dose-related decreases of systemic
      blood pressure, cardiac output, left ventricular pressure, dP/dt max, left
      ventricular contractile force, and dF/dt max; heart rate was affected little.
      Endotoxin produced a persistent state of circulatory depression characterized by
      hypotension, decreased cardiac output, arterial acidemia, and reduced indices of
      cardiac function. During endotoxin shock, the cardiovascular effects of
      gentamicin and tobramycin were relatively more pronounced (sometimes more than
      doubled) than effects observed during the control state. Equally large doses of
      penicillin or cephalothin, however, had no discernible circulatory effects in
      either control dogs or dogs subjected to endotoxin shock. Present data indicate
      that the cardiovascular toxicities of the aminoglycoside antibiotics gentamicin
      and tobramycin were augmented during experimental circulatory shock, and suggest
      the need for specific hemodynamic surveillance when intravenous administration of
      cardioactive antibiotics is required in patients with pre-existing circulatory
      dysfunction.

PMID- 394882
TI  - Plasma renin activities and the detection of angiotensin dependent hypertension.

PMID- 394883
TI  - Molecular diseases of limited proteolysis.

PMID- 394884
TI  - Chronic urticaria secondary to insulin allergy; report of a case treated with a
      portable subcutaneous insulin infusion pump.

PMID- 394885
TI  - An 'artificial beta cell' for control of diabetes mellitus: effect on plasma
      glucagon levels.
AB  - We have investigated the use of a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system, or
      artificial beta cell. On the feedback day, mean plasma glucose was significantly
      effect of improved control on plasma glucagon levels. Five insulin-requiring
      diabetic subjects in stable control were hospitalized for two 24 h periods.
      During one, they were given their usual dose(s) of subcutaneous insulin. In the
      other, the 'feedback' day, insulin administration was under feedback control by
      the artificial beta cell. One the feedback day, mean plasma glucose was
      significantly-lower in all subjects. Variability in plasma glucose throughout the
      day was also significantly less on the feedback day. All five subjects showed a
      significant fall in serum immunoreactive glucagon levels on the feedback day,
      suggesting that the glucagon abnormalities of diabetes may be secondary to the
      insulin deficiency, rather than a second primary defect of diabetes.

PMID- 394886
TI  - Retinol-binding protein in serum and epidermis of patients with ichthyosis
      vulgaris.

PMID- 394887
TI  - Anti-androgen therapy in dermatology: a review.

PMID- 394888
TI  - The current status of pyoderma gangrenosum.

PMID- 394889
TI  - Systemic amyloidosis and the skin: a review with special emphasis on clinical
      features and therapy.

PMID- 394891
TI  - Local immune response to Mycobacterium lepraemurium in C3H and C57Bl/6 mice.
AB  - Subcutaneous footpad inoculation of living M. lepraemurium (L.MLM) induced, in
      high responder C57Bl/6 mice, a local granulomatous reaction associated with the
      production of effector cells which stopped the multiplication of bacilli in the
      draining popliteal node with the concurrent development of 24--48 hr delayed type
      hypersensitivity (DTH). The thymus-dependent local reaction did not occur after
      the injection of heat-killed M. lepraemurium (HK.MLM) or after the inoculation of
      L.MLM in nude mice. However, HK.MLM injection interfered with the onset of the
      local reaction and enhanced acid-fast bacteria (AFB) counts in the draining node.
      In low responder C3H mice, L.MLM produced a local and delayed footpad swelling
      but no restriction of bacilli multiplication in the draining lymph node was
      observed. This unresponsiveness was not due to an overloading of the inoculum
      dose since doses ranging from 3 x 10(4) to 3 x 10(7) MLM did not produce any
      granulomatous local reaction as in C57Bl/6 mice. The injection of dead bacilli in
      the contralateral footpad of subcutaneously (s.c.) infected C3H mice revealed
      Arthus-like and 18--24 hr delayed reactions. When 10(6) L.MLM per mouse were
      injected intravenously (i.v.), systemic infection, measured in the spleen, was
      found to be less restricted in C57Bl/6 than in C3H mice. Moreover, in C57Bl/6
      mice low doses of L.MLM injected i.v. delayed the local reaction at first, then
      enhanced footpad swelling and AFB counts in the draining nodes, indicating some
      acquired defect of peripheral immunity. When a high dose of L.MLM (2 x
      10(8)/mouse) was injected i.v., C57Bl/6 mice died sooner than C3H mice,
      indicating certain discrepancies between local resistance and systemic
      susceptibility.

PMID- 394892
TI  - Intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB).

PMID- 394893
TI  - Case reports: Klebsiella pneumonia.

PMID- 394890
TI  - In vivo anti-nuclear antibodies in epithelial biopsies in SLE and other
      connective tissue diseases.
AB  - In vivo anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) was observed by direct immunofluorescence
      microscopy in epithelial cell nuclei in forty-four biopsies from thirty-three
      patients. The tissue containing the ANA was macroscopically normal in twenty
      seven patients. The thirty-three patients with in vivo biopsy ANA included twenty
      three with SLE, three with mixed connective tissue disease, two each with multi
      system Sjogren's syndrome, dermatomyositis, and progressive systemic sclerosis,
      and one with rheumatoid arthritis. Features of sicca syndrome were noted in
      seventeen patients. The patterns of the in vivo biopsy ANA in the thirty-three
      patients were speckled (21), homogeneous (6), nodular (2), and both speckled and
      homogeneous (4). Complement was not detected in the epithelial cell nuclei.
      Immunoglobulin(s) and/or complement were deposited along the dermoepidermal
      junction in thirty-two of the forty-four biopsies, and in dermal blood vessels in
      twenty-two biopsies. Each patient had serum ANA against rat liver substrate;
      twenty-seven had high titre ANA (1 in 1000 or greater). Elevated levels of DNA
      binding were found in twenty patients (61%), but the level of DNA-binding did not
      correlate with the intensity of in vitro biopsy ANA staining. Serum antibody to
      ribonucleoprotein (RNP) was present in eight of the twenty-three patients tested
      (35%), all eight patients having clinical features of sicca syndrome.
      Hypocomplementaemia was found in thirteen patients (40%), all of whom had active
      SLE. In vivo biopsy ANA appears to be a real phenomenon of unknown aetiology, and
      not an artifact, which is found in some patients with active multisystem
      autoimmune disease, especially SLE.

PMID- 394894
TI  - Hyperbaric oxygen and chronic osteomyelitis.
AB  - Forty patients with chronic osteomyelitis were treated with hyperbaric oxygen as
      an adjunct to surgical therapy and antibiotics and followed for an average of 2
      years with a recurrence rate of 15%. The mechanism of action of hyperbaric oxygen
      in osteomyelitis is probably an indirect one of improving local vascularity and
      potentiating phagocytosis. Many of these patients represent a refractory group
      with poor prognosis due to the etiology of the infection, site of involvement,
      and duration of infection prior to treatment. The recurrence rate following this
      mode of treatment seems to be primarily related to inadequate surgical
      management. There was no definite correlation between the site of the infection
      of pathologic organism and recurrence. Although this is a preliminary report, the
      results are encouraging. Hyperbaric oxygen may be indicated as an adjunct to good
      surgical and medical management, particularly in patients with refractory chronic
      osteomyelitis and in whom ablative surgery is under consideration as the only
      other means of controlling the infection.

PMID- 394895
TI  - Results of Harrington instrumentation in the treatment for severe scoliosis.
AB  - Between July 1963 and December 1974, we surgically treated 207 patients who had
      severe scoliosis (curves greater than 90 degrees), 196 of whom were eligible for
      inclusion in this study. No patient was treated preoperatively with a cast or
      traction. Upon statistical analysis, age and preoperative curve magnitude proved
      to be significant variables relative to the amount of surgical correction
      obtained and the maintenance of that correction; sex and etiology of the
      scoliosis were not shown to affect either surgical outcome or maintenance of
      correction. A comparative analysis showed our results to be as good as those
      reported by others using various preoperative regimens of casting or traction or
      both. Therefore, we find that the preoperative application of traction to
      patients with severe scoliosis yields no better correction than the use of
      Harrington instrumentation and fusion alone.

PMID- 394896
TI  - Leg lengthening in achondroplastic children.
AB  - Bilateral simultaneous elongation of the lower limbs was performed in 3
      achondroplastic children. A total of 10 bones were elongated with Wagner's
      distraction apparatus, mainly by a modified Wagner technique. Maximal elongation
      of 34 to 44% of the original bone length resulted in relatively minor
      complications. Elongation of the lower limbs in achondroplastic children improves
      trunk-to-lower-limb proportions.

PMID- 394897
TI  - Infantile cortical hyperostosis with unusual clinical manifestations.
AB  - Infantile cortical hyperostosis may mimic a variety of serious conditions in
      early infancy, such as trauma, vitamin deficiencies, infection, or tumors, In a
      patient in good general condition there are typical roentgenological features
      often with involvement of the mandible that are diagnostic of the condition. In 3
      cases of infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey's disease), one had the clinical
      picture of Erb's palsy and subsequently developed hyperostosis of the scapula.
      The second, had a "pulled elbow" and radial nerve palsy and later developed
      hyperostotic changes in the humerus and radius on the same side. The third was
      referred for treatment of congenital torticollis and found to develop
      hyperostosis of the clavicle on the same side. The recognition of this condition
      obviates unnecessary prolonged investigation and treatment.

PMID- 394898
TI  - The classic. Recurrent dislocation of the patella: operative treatment.

PMID- 394899
TI  - Zigzag incisions for improved exposure and scarring.
AB  - Incisions for elective orthopedic procedures frequently result in scars that are
      unesthetic (wide and hypertrophied) and impeded function (are inelastic). The
      best cicatrix is obtained when the operation can be performed through an incision
      that follows the lines of skin tension (transverse exposure). If longitudinal
      exposure is required to gain access to the deeper structures, the best esthetic
      and functional result is obtained by the zigzag incision. Moreover, the zigzag
      incision affords a wider exposure than a long straight incision, thus greatly
      facilitating the operative procedure.

PMID- 394900
TI  - The origin of the osteoclast.
AB  - The origin of the osteoclast has long been controversial. Various approaches such
      as traditional light microscopy, electron microscopy, microcinephotography,
      autoradiography, parabiosis, quail-chick nuclear marker, etc, have been used in
      attempts to resolve the problem. There are 2 major concepts: the view of skeletal
      (local) origin vs, that of extraskeletal origin (from blood-borne cells), and
      recently the latter view appears to have prevailed. Electron micrographic studies
      revealed that osteocytes and preosteoblasts can merge with pre-existing
      osteoclasts. Several studies by autoradiography and by quail-chick nuclear marker
      strongly supported the concept of extraskeletal origin. Although an alternative
      interpretation of the experimental results of Crelin and Koch supports the
      concept of skeletal origin, the majority of various experimental results by other
      authors would be in accordance with the following supposition: the osteoclast
      originates from a hematopoietic cell line (mononuclear phagocyte system) of the
      bone marrow which is essentially of extrinsic origin, but in the process of
      increasing the number of nuclei of the osteoclast, osteoblastic cells as well as
      osteoclastic cells can merge with the preosteoclasts or osteoclast. However,
      several problems regarding the origin of the osteoclast including the relation
      between the osteoclast and other giant cells, still remain unsolved.

PMID- 394902
TI  - Clinical implications of automation in cell counting systems.

PMID- 394901
TI  - The classic. Postural activity of muscle and nerve: C. S. Sherrington.

PMID- 394904
TI  - Minicomputer systems in clinical laboratories.

PMID- 394903
TI  - Automated coagulation detection systems.

PMID- 394905
TI  - Auto-anti-Leb in the serum of a renal dialysis patient.

PMID- 394906
TI  - [Autoimmunity and ocular pathology: critical review].

PMID- 394907
TI  - [Symptomatology and treatment of the most common intoxications and poisonings.
      I].

PMID- 394908
TI  - [Prostaglandins and arteriosclerosis. Action of PGI 2 (PGX) on platelet
      aggregation].

PMID- 394909
TI  - [Complications of neuropathy of the autonomic nervous system in diabetes
      mellitus].

PMID- 394910
TI  - An analysis of topic areas and topic trends in the Community Mental Health
      Journal from 1965 through 1977.
AB  - A content analysis of all (N = 604) published articles in the Community Mental
      Health Journal from 1965 through 1977 was performed (a) to provide a cross
      sectional view of the community mental health field, and (b) to identify topic
      trends over time. Sixty-one content categories were used to classify topic areas.
      Results revealed major and growing emphases on organizing for the delivery and
      measuring of the effects of mental health service systems. Topics found to be
      increasing in relative frequency over time included training, measurement and
      research methodology, and intervention; those decreasing included planning and
      needs assessment, therapy, and suicide. Topic areas were compared with key
      characteristics of the field. Topic trends were interpreted in terms of open
      systems theory.

PMID- 394911
TI  - The nature of needs assessment in community mental health.
AB  - Confusion in defining needs assessment is discussed. A tripartite model of needs
      assessment is proposed: an identification of a problem; a statement about
      priorities; and a chosen solution. The parts can be used independently or linked
      together to plan new or altered services. Various needs assessment techniques are
      examined for their usefulness in each area. Two examples of needs assessment
      processes are given.

PMID- 394912
TI  - Dannie N. Heineman.

PMID- 394913
TI  - Paradoxes of psychotherapy. In honor and memory of Ludwig Binswanger.
AB  - Existential analysis has made us face the paradoxes, if not antinomies, in
      psychotherapy that we did not seem to be aware of. Existential philosophy is a
      highly elaborate, technical and linguisticly difficult field. In psychiatry,
      existential analysis of turned out to be just a set of hallowed commonplaces. As
      philosophy, its intent is the discovery of the grounds for our existence and in
      this way it seems to approach theology. In some instances it may turn into
      atheistic arrogance. With the stern zeal of philosophy and the pessimistic
      theology of existentialism, one hardly knows where to begin with psychotherapy.
      Often it fascinates the mediators, the writers who seem to offer us patterns
      helpful in our daily work. The effort, to take a radical stand to try to rewrite
      psychiatry, seems to be justified. And, if existential analysis hardly succeeds
      in bringing back into 'existence' (Dasein) some of our disturbed patients, it has
      aroused a review of our stale and abused terms and concepts. Psychiatry cannot
      exist, disciplined and sensible, without the enlightenment which philosophy
      offers. Some new departures could be attempted again. But if philosophy is not a
      way of talking and teaching but a way of living, is the psys goal. If he failed,
      his work remains a lighthouse in our time, warning us on our voyage.

PMID- 394914
TI  - Self-portraits and selected indices of psychopathology of a group of heroin
      addicted patients.
AB  - This paper describes a self-portrait scoring system and compares the self
      portraits of two groups of adults. The scoring system effectively differentiated
      between the two groups of subjects which were known to differ on several
      observable behavioral characteristics. It correlated well with the ratings
      obtained from counselors but not with a self-report inventory of anxiety. A self
      portrait is a single manifestation of an individual's self-concept. It presents
      only a fraction of the hypothetical universe of one's behavioral manifestations.
      In addition, every single observation is affected by the place, time, and the
      presence of the observer. However, if these isolated observations can be studied
      systematically, they can contribute to a reliable and a valid index of the self
      concept. This paper presents one means of achieving that end.

PMID- 394915
TI  - Local antifertility effect of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH).
AB  - Injection of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) into the right uterine
      horn of the rat on D5 produced a dose related inhibition of pregnancy in the
      treated horn. The number of viable fetuses as well as the uterine weight was
      reduced while the number of placental sites was increased. The contralateral
      uninjected horn was unaffected. These data demonstrate that LRH can inhibit
      pregnancy in the rat through an extrapituitary effect.

PMID- 394916
TI  - Enrichment methods for recovery of Yersinia enterocolitica from foods and raw
      milk.
AB  - Modified Rappaport broth used directly and in a two-step procedure with
      preliminary cold enrichment was evaluated for recovery of Yersinia enterocolitica
      from laboratory-inoculated samples of ground meat, and naturally-occurring
      strains from raw milk. The use of modified Rappaport broth generally improved
      recovery from both inoculated meats and raw milk, but results were not consistent
      between serotypes used for inoculation and between meat samples. The overall
      isolation rate for naturally-occurring strains of Y. enterocolitica in producer
      samples of raw milk was 18.3%. The majority of 98 isolates from milk were indole
      positive (98%), lecithinase-positive (87%), hydrolyzed esculin (98%), and
      fermented salicin (100%) and rhamnose (53%). Thirty-two isolates (33%) were
      serotypable, representing eleven different serotypes with 0:4 occurring most
      frequently followed by 0:5 and 0:6,30.

PMID- 394917
TI  - Testing for the recovery of Yersinia enterocolitica in foods and their ability to
      invade HeLa cells.
AB  - Tests have demonstrated that current enrichment methods may fail to detect low
      levels of some clinical strains of Yersinia enterocolitica inoculated into meats
      and oysters and need improvement. The results of cold enrichment with phosphate
      and tripolyphosphate buffers were very poor and the sensitive clinical strain
      failed to grow in Wauters' MgCl2 broth. Twenty typical clinical strains of Y.
      enterocolitica belonging to Nilehn's biotypes 2, 3, and 4 had the ability to
      invade HeLa cells tissue culture but none of the 52 atypical clinical and food
      strains belonging to Nilehn's biotype 1 or rhamnose-positive were invasive.
      Although temperature sensitive, this test is reproducible and useful for
      screening noninvasive isolates.

PMID- 394918
TI  - Human gastrointestinal infections by Yersinia enterocolitica.
AB  - In an average-sized peripheral hospital in Belgium, Y. enterocolitica has been
      isolated from 1.1% of stool cultures, using an unmodified routine technique. In a
      group of unselected patients undergoing appendicectomy, 1.3% of patients had a
      positive culture, either from the mesenteric lymph nodes or the appendix, or from
      both sources. In the same group of patients, 1.7% of cultures grew a Salmonella.
      In more than half of the patients, the diagnosis of mesenteric adenitis was made
      during the surgical intervention. The clinical picture of Yersinia infection was
      greatly influenced by the age of the patients. Bacteriological (serotypes,
      antibiotic sensitivity, associated enteric pathogens), epidemiological (sex
      distribution, seasonal influence and secondary infection among family contacts)
      and clinical data confirm previous experience with human yersiniosis in this
      country.

PMID- 394919
TI  - The pathogenesis of Yersinia enterocolitica gastroenteritis.
AB  - Of nine Y. enterocolitica serotypes examined by us, only type 3 was shown to be
      enteropathogenic. 3 of 16 strains recovered from clinical material, produced a
      heat-stable toxin similar to that reported in E. coli. A fourth isolate produced
      histological changes resembling those associated with salmonellae. The mechanism
      whereby the majority of Y. enterocolitica strains produce diarrhoea is uncertain.
      Our isolates may have lost a plasmid essential for enteropathogenicity, or they
      may resemble the 'classical' enteropathogenic strains of E. coli for which no
      satisfactory experimental model exists. Further studies on freshly isolated
      strains are in progress in order to determine the prevalence of enterotoxigenic
      Y. enterocolitica.

PMID- 394920
TI  - Detection of enterotoxigenic and invasive strains of Yersinia enterocolitica.
AB  - Membrane filtrates and heavy cell suspensions of 11 strains of Yersinia
      enterocolitica isolated from a recent epidemic were examined respectively for
      enterotoxin activity and tissue invasiveness. Although no heat-labile
      enterotoxins were detected, some strains were found to possess heat-stable
      enterotoxins and to have the ability to penetrate the conjunctival epithelia of
      guinea pig eyes. These activites were detected only in cultures grown at 25
      degrees C and not at 36 degrees C.

PMID- 394921
TI  - Brush border membrane antibodies in Yersinia infection and other diseases.

PMID- 394922
TI  - Biochemical, pathogenicity and toxicity studies of type III strains of Yersinia
      pseudotuberculosis isolated from the cecal contents of pigs.
AB  - Recent investigations have shown that the pig is a symptomless intestinal carrier
      of Y. pseudotuberculosis, the great majority of the strains isolated belonging to
      type III. Although these type III strains have a world-wide distribution there is
      little evidence to suggest that they are transferred readily to other animals and
      man. For that reason we examined the biochemical, pathogenic, immunogenic and
      exotoxin-producing properties of 24 type III strains isolated from the cecal
      contents of apparently healthy pigs. For comparison, we also examined type III
      strains from other sources, type I strains from normal pigs and isolates
      belonging to the other serotypes of Y. pseudotuberculosis. Biochemical reactions
      of type III strains were in accordance with data in the literature except for
      maltose and melibiose. Type III porcine strains were uniformly avirulent and
      atoxic but possessed a considerable degree of immunogenicity. On the other hand,
      type III strains isolated from aborted lambs and calves, although atoxic, were
      virulent for the guinea pig, as were also type I strains from healthy pigs. The
      pathogenic mechanism of Y.pseudotuberculosis, which is not unlike that found in
      E. coli, is discussed.

PMID- 394923
TI  - The molecular taxonomy of Yersinia enterocolitica.
AB  - The stretches of Yersinia enterocolitica strain Ye 62 DNA which show base
      sequence homology with Escherichia coli strain B DNA were removed from a
      preparation of tritiated Y. enterocolitica DNA by DNA reassociation techniques.
      This DNA preparation was then used in reassociation reactions with DNA from
      various selected strains of Yersinia and coliform bacteria. The results suggest
      that the bulk of the genes, which are in common between Y. enterocolitica and E.
      coli, are different from those shared by Y. enterocolitica and other species of
      Yersinia.

PMID- 394924
TI  - Structure and function of plasmid ColE1 and related plasmids.
AB  - Analysis of plasmid ColE1, its naturally occurring relatives ColK and CloDF13,
      and a wide range of ColE1 derivatives containing either insertions or deletions
      of genetic material has allowed localization on the ColE1 genome of DNA sequences
      responsible for colicin E1 synthesis, immunity to colicin killing, conjugal
      mobility and incompatibility. We have examined incompatibility between pairs of
      ColE1 derivatives ranging in size from 2.6 to 13.8 Md. Though all the plasmids
      tested exerted ColE1 incompatibility, a definite pattern was observed regarding
      the dominant plasmid in any pair tested (i.e. the plasmid that displaces the
      other from a heterozygote). Usually the larger plasmid is displaced. We conclude
      that loci for incompatibility reside within 0.7 kb of the ColE1 replication
      region. A model is presented to explain both the incompatibility data and the
      observation that the fraction of total DNA occurring as ColE1-like plasmid in a
      cell is approximately constant. Transposons Tn1 and Tn3 (3.2 Md; Apr and
      approximately 85% homologous), Tn501 (5.5 Md; Hgr), and Tn7 (9.3 Md; Tpr Smr) can
      all be transposed into ColE1. Though all have closely related. Tn501 and Tn7 do
      not complement transposition of Tn3 transposition defective deletions. A Tn3
      specified 19,000 dalton protein is absent in one particular class of
      transposition-defective deletion.

PMID- 394925
TI  - Replication and gene functions of the bacteriocinogenic plasmid CloDF13.
AB  - The replication and genetic constitution of plasmid CloDF13 was studied using
      mutants of CloDF13 obtained by NTG mutagenesis, insertion of the ampicillin
      transposon Tn901, or deletion of particular CloDF13 DNA regions. Analysis of the
      polypeptides encoded by these mutant plasmids enabled us to locate six genes on
      the CloDF13 physical map. These genes cover about 60% of the coding capacity of
      CloDF13. A large part of the CloDF13 genome (about 30%) is involved in the
      conjugal transfer of this plasmid. This transfer region codes for at least two
      polypeptides, polypeptide B (61,000 daltons) and C (24,000 daltons). Those
      CloDF13 DNA regions responsible for the synthesis of the cloacin protein and
      immunity protein were also mapped on the plasmid genome. In addition we were
      able, using a copy mutant of CloDF13, CloDF13-cop3, to locate those DNA sequences
      involved in interaction with male-specific RNA phages and bacteriophage P1. For
      replication of CloDF13, two regions are essential. One region, from 43% to 64%,
      affects the stability of CloDF13-cop3 plasmids. In the case of the CloDF13-cop3
      mutant, deletion of this region results in the generation of multimeric plasmid
      molecules accompanied by an impaired segregation of plasmid DNA molecules to
      daughter cells. The second region, from about 1.8% to 11.5%, contains an origin
      of replication as well as well as DNA sequences involved in the control of
      CloDF13 replication. The replication of CloDF13 starts at about 3% on the CloDF13
      physical map and proceeds unidirectionally counter-clockwise.

PMID- 394926
TI  - Deletions, rearrangements and tandem duplications of recombinant plasmids
      containing yeast ribosomal DNA.
AB  - Recombinant DNA plasmids, formed by the insertion of yeast ribosomal DNA into
      Escherichia coli plasmids pSC101 or pMB9, underwent deletions, rearrangements and
      tandem duplications. Independently derived deletion products of plasmids,
      constructed using pMB9 as a vector, are indistinguishable from each other. These
      deletion products from multimers composed of tandem repeats. In at least one case
      a plasmid, constructed by inserting an SmaI fragment of yeast ribosomal DNA into
      pSC101, underwent deletion and rearrangement to form a product in which a
      segment, consisting of part of the pSC101 sequence and part of the yeast
      ribosomal DNA sequence, was duplicated to form a tandem repeat. Deletion and
      rearrangement take place in Rec+, recA- and recB- recC- cells. The rate of
      deletion in Rec+ cells is higher than in recA- cells. The rate of deletion in
      minicell-producing, X-ray resistant strains is much higher than in other Rec+
      strains.

PMID- 394927
TI  - Genetics of toxinogenesis in Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli.

PMID- 394928
TI  - The persistence of R-plasmid-carrying E. coli in a married couple, one of whom
      was receiving antibiotics.
AB  - The aerobic Gram-negative intestinal flora of two individuals, husband and wife,
      has been followed for about 20 months. The wife was receiving prolonged
      tetracycline treatment for acne during the first year of the study and was found
      to carry a large proportion of tetracycline resistant E. coli in her faecal flora
      even after the tetracycline treatment had ended. A brief therapeutic course of
      ampicillin during the period when no tetracycline was being taken resulted in the
      temporary disappearance of the tetracycline resistant flora, but this returned,
      even though no tetracycline was being taken, as soon as the ampicillin ended. The
      husband took no antibiotics during the period under study but was frequently
      found to excrete the same resistant E. coli as his wife. Moreover, the plasmids
      carried by the tetracycline resistant strains in the wife and the husband were
      often indistinguishable. This suggests that R-plasmids may spread from people
      under treatment to close relatives who have not been treated.

PMID- 394929
TI  - Studies on plasmid-borne resistance to tetracycline.

PMID- 394930
TI  - Resistance transfer factor in E. coli strains isolated from human and water
      sources.
AB  - Conjugation experiments with a recipient E. coli strain F-lac-NaR were performed
      in order to determine the extent to which transferable drug resistance is
      prevalent among Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the following sources:
      healthy infants both treated and untreated with antibiotic drugs; healthy adults
      previously exposed to antibiotics; water sources; and nosocomial infections.
      Transferable drug resistance was demonstrated in 56.6% of E. coli isolates from
      the antibiotic-treated infant group, in 53.2% of isolates from untreated infants,
      and in 43% of isolates from the adult group. R factor was carried by only 8.3% of
      the strains isolated from water sources, and by 26.7% of the nosocomial strains.
      A positive correlation between transferable antibiotic drug resistance and
      resistance to mercury ions was found in donor and conjugate strains. Acridine and
      several of its derivatives were found to be active in preventing transfer of R
      factor.

PMID- 394931
TI  - Properties of mini-plasmids of the antibiotic resistance factor R1 carrying
      deleted and enlarged ampicillin transposons (Tn3).

PMID- 394932
TI  - Tetracycline resistance expressed by pSC101 hybrids.

PMID- 394933
TI  - Recombination between the plasmid prophages P1 and P7 and the E. coli chromosome.
AB  - The prophages of the related temperate phages P1 and P7, which normally exist as
      plasmid DNA, suppress E. coli dnaA(Ts) by integrating into the host chromosome.
      Integratively suppressed strains may either be capable of producing phage or may
      have prophage deletions. In strains containing non-defective prophages, the
      location of the site on the prophage used for integrative recombination was
      identified by use of restriction analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization techniques.
      At least seven different integration sites were found on the prophage; the site
      used most often may be at the 'end' of the genetic map generated by vegetative
      phage crosses. For suppression of P1 and P7, the sites on the host chromosome
      utilized for prophage integration are not distributed randomly.

PMID- 394934
TI  - The prognosis of pulmonary embolism. A review.

PMID- 394935
TI  - Correlations of the fibrinogen level with the blood pressure and with the plasma
      renin activity in hypertensive patients. Preliminary communication.
AB  - The blood pressure, the plasma renin activity and the fibrinogen level were
      examined in 44 hypertensive patients. It was found that the fibrinogen level was
      significantly elevated compared to the control group, but even so remained below
      the upper limit of the normal value. The increase was even more pronounced in
      hypertension associated with renal parenchymatous disease, and most marked in
      malignant hypertension. A significant linear correlation was found between plasma
      renin activity and the fibrinogen level, between the systolic pressure and the
      fibrinogen level, and between the diastolic pressure and the fibrinogen level.
      Questions connected with these correlations and relating to the pathogenesis are
      discussed.

PMID- 394936
TI  - Metabolic changes in hunger disease.

PMID- 394937
TI  - [Results of treatment of compression fractures of the cervical vertebrae by means
      of removal of the cervical body and the use of autologous bone transplant].

PMID- 394938
TI  - [Reinterventions on the thyroid gland: goiter recurrence].

PMID- 394939
TI  - [Reinterventions in hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 394940
TI  - [Reinterventions on the endocrine pancreas].

PMID- 394941
TI  - [Reinterventions on the adrenals].

PMID- 394943
TI  - [Death of M. Maurice Vanlande, honorary associate member (1884-1979)].

PMID- 394942
TI  - [Isolated traumatic rupture of the appendix (author's transl)].

PMID- 394944
TI  - [Death of M. Andre Morice, French associate member (1890-1979)].

PMID- 394945
TI  - Serum levels of IgM, IgD, IgA and IgG before and during rejection of renal
      allotransplants.
AB  - In recipients of renal allotransplants the relationship of IgM, IgA and IgG serum
      levels to 26 rejections was investigated, as well as the relationship of IgD and
      22 rejection. For IgM and IgG a significant decline was found in the whole group
      (p less than 0.05) and in the sub-group of rejections after a period longer than
      one month following transplantation (p less than 0.05 in IgM and p less than 0.02
      in IgD). As compared with values before rejection, a decline of IgM occurred in
      11 rejections which amounted to more than 20% and a decline of IgD in 10
      rejections by more than 50%. Changes of the serum levels of IgA and IgG were not
      statistically significant (p greater than 0.05). In recipients of renal
      allotransplants serum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels of the main classes were
      investigated for two reasons: (1) as part of a check-up of the condition of the
      graft and screening of rejection and (2) to detect possible deficiencies of
      humoral immunity with increased liability to infections. As regards monitoring of
      the risk of the rejection crisis, hitherto assembled experience did not provide
      an unequivocal answer in which class of Ig the greatest change may be expected,
      whether a rise or fall, and it is not even clear whether investigations of serum
      Ig levels will be a positive contribution. There is only agreement on the point
      that IgA levels are not related to rejection; according to some authors this
      applies also to IgM and IgG (8, 11). Other authors (1, 15, 17) appreciate in
      conjunction with rejections the importance of high IgM and IgG levels, while
      other workers observed a significant decline of IgM (13, 16, 19). IgD levels were
      investigated in our previous work on the relationship of renal functions and
      serum Ig levels in recipients of renal allotransplants (7); we found no reports
      on the relationship between IgD and rejection.

PMID- 394946
TI  - Cellular sources of thymic hormone (thymosin) in human thymus.
AB  - Antiserum against partially purified calf thymosin (5) was used for the
      localisation of this complex material in human thymus for comparison with calf
      thymi. Antithymosine IgG produced with human thymosin 5 by comparative
      immunoelectrophoresis one line identical with one of the lines of calf thymosin
      5. Immunofluorescent evidence suggests the presence of the material in question,
      which also contains a biologically active principle, mainly in the epithelial
      cells of the thymus cortex. The contents of the traced material, however,
      fluctuates substantially between individual thymic lobules.

PMID- 394947
TI  - Application of computer programme for evaluation of results of functional thyroid
      examination. I. Programme based on Bayes probability distribution for evaluation
      of laboratory data.

PMID- 394948
TI  - [Drug induction of labor in cattle].

PMID- 394949
TI  - [Psittacosis therapy and prophylaxis in lovebirds, cockatiels and other problem
      birds].

PMID- 394950
TI  - [Rationalization and automatization of the serological blood examination for
      leucosis in cattle at the Institute for Animal Health, Chamber of Agriculture
      Hannover (author's transl)].

PMID- 394951
TI  - [Diagnosis of latent rabies infection with the aid of an infection trial on
      suckling rats].

PMID- 394952
TI  - [Stunning of slaughter animals. I. CO2 stunning].

PMID- 394953
TI  - NGF and anti-NGF: evidence against effects on fiber growth in locus coeruleus
      from cultures of perinatal CNS tissues.
AB  - The present study examines whether the developing noradrenergic neurons of locus
      coeruleus depend on endogenous nerve growth factor (NGF) for nerve fiber
      production and if exogenous NGF stimulates fiber growth in this nucleus, using a
      collagen gel tissue culture technique. Lucus coeruleus from perinatal rat brain
      was used in three culture experiments: (1) lucus coeruleus, parietal cerebral
      cortex, and the superior cervical ganglion, prepared from newborn rats and
      cultured in different sectors of the same dishes; (2) locus coeruleus and
      parietal cerebral cortex from 17-day-old rat fetuses cultured in the same manner,
      and (3) locus coeruleus from 17-day-old rat fetuses co-cultured with spinal,
      sympathetic and ciliary ganglia from 8-day chick embryos. Experiments 1 and 2
      were run with and without addition of NGF and anti-NGF, experiment 3 with and
      without anti-NGF. Total fiber production in all cultured tissues was evaluated
      daily by dark field and phase contrast microscopy during 4 days. Adrenergic nerve
      fiber production was then studied in the same locus coeruleus and superior
      cervical ganglia  from the rats by Falck-Hillarp fluorescence histochemistry.
      Locus coeruleus and cortex cerebri from fetal rats produced dense fiber halos in
      culture. Locus coeruleus from newborn rats produced considerably less fibers,
      newborn cortex only few fibers. Superior cervical ganglia from the same newborn
      animals produced no or almost no fibers. Addition of NGF was not able to
      stimulate fiber growth in locus coeruleus nor in cortex cerebri as observed both
      in the living cultures and by fluorescence microscopy. Likewise, addition of anti
      NGF did not affect fiber production in the CNS areas. The negative results with
      NGF on newborn locus coeruleus and cortex cerebri were in sharp contrast to the
      strong, highly significant fiber growth response demonstrated by the superior
      cervical ganglion from the same animals cultured in the same dishes. The third
      experiment tested whether locus coeruleus in tissue culture contained or produced
      nerve growth factor or any one of the three chick embryo ganglia. No response
      whatsoever in these three ganglia was observed. It is concluded that the
      developing locus coeruleus area does not contain or produce NGF, does not depend
      on NGF for fiber production, and is not stimulated by exogenous NGF.

PMID- 394954
TI  - Determinants of hepatic drug metabolism.

PMID- 394955
TI  - Experience with a radioimmunoassay of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH
      RH) in biological material of man.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay of LH-RH with a sensitivity of 7.8 pg/ml is described.
      Labelling and purification techniques, methods for extraction of LH-RH and
      separation techniques of bound and free labelled hormone are compared.
      Determination of LH-RH levels in serum after administration of synthetic LH-RH by
      different routes and measurements of endogenous LH-RH levels in serum of normal
      subjects and patients with different endocrine diseases as well as in
      cerebrospinal fluid of normal men are performed. The measurement of exogenously
      administered LH-RH in serum reflects the disappearance of synthetic LH-RH from
      peripheral circulation in dependence upon the kind of administration route. The
      level of endogenous LH-RH was found to be under the limit of the assay in all
      samples of cerebrospinal fluid and of serum of normal male subjects. The results
      obtained in the patient groups show that the radioimmunological estimation of
      endogenous LH-RH in peripheral body fluids does not reflect the hypophysiotrophic
      role of this hypothalamic peptide.

PMID- 394957
TI  - [Excretion of catecholamines in juvenile diabetes mellitus].
AB  - Twenty four hours' urinary excretion of catecholamines was examined in 30
      children suffering from diabetes and in 30 healthy children. The results showed
      that in children suffering from diabetes, excretion of adrenaline was increased
      and that of noradrenaline decreased when compared with healthy children. Taking
      into consideration changes in the sympatho-adrenergic system activity in cases
      with different degrees of compensation of metabolic processes during
      insulinization, it should be stressed that in children with ketoacidosis,
      excretion of catecholamines was still different in comparison with control group.
      On the other hand in children with compensate diabetes after insulin therapy,
      that differences were little. Marked increase in free adrenaline excretion
      observed in children with ketoacidosis and its normalization by effective
      insulinization seems to support the diabetogenic and ketogenic role of this
      neurohormone. Decrease in free noradrenaline excretion in children suffering from
      juvenile diabetes appears to suggest that there is a diminished sensitivity of
      the sympathetic system resulting probably from specific autonomic neuropathy
      accompanying this disease.

PMID- 394956
TI  - [Effect of the thyroid gland on the development and function of the central
      nervous system].

PMID- 394958
TI  - [Prof. Tadeusz Pawlikowski (on his 75th birthday)].

PMID- 394959
TI  - [Alcoholic embryopathology: facts and hypotheses].

PMID- 394960
TI  - Blood pressure and hypertension in childhood and adolescence.

PMID- 394961
TI  - Pulmonary sequestration.

PMID- 394963
TI  - The open universe and the free society.

PMID- 394962
TI  - [Antiepileptic embryopathies].

PMID- 394964
TI  - Reduced aldosterone and sodium excretion in endurance-trained athletes before and
      during immersion.
AB  - Aldosterone excretion (AE) and plasma renin activity (PRA) were measured in eight
      untrained (UT) and eight endurance-trained (TR) male subjects before and during 4
      h head-out immersion to study the mechanism of reduced renal sodium excretion in
      athletes. AE was significantly lower before immersion, and decreased less during
      immersion, in TR than in UT. Fractional sodium excretion, too, was lower and
      increased less during immersion in TR than in UT. PRA decreased in the water bath
      in all subjects (p less than 0.001) with no significant difference between the
      groups. During immersion, plasma sodium concentration oscillated whereas
      potassium concentration showed a temporary rise in TR (p less than 0.001). The
      attenuated response of AE in TR may be due partly to this increase of plasma
      potassium concentration. The generally reduced aldosterone release in TR might be
      caused by a training induced adaptation of the adrenals to corticotropin. The
      lowered renal sodium excretion of TR in spite of the decreased AE suggests an
      intensified aldosterone effect in these subjects, diminishing the salt loss
      during exercise.

PMID- 394965
TI  - Exercise and aging.

PMID- 394966
TI  - The electrocardiographic response to dynamic exercise.

PMID- 394967
TI  - Biomechanics of ligaments and tendons.

PMID- 394968
TI  - Calculation and interpretation of mechanical energy of movement.

PMID- 394969
TI  - Secular changes in growth, maturation, and physical performance.

PMID- 394970
TI  - Relative centrality of playing position and leadership recruitment in team
      sports.

PMID- 394971
TI  - Race/ethnicity and relative centrality of playing positions in team sports.

PMID- 394972
TI  - Exercise testing: methods and uses.

PMID- 394973
TI  - Viability counts on BCG vaccines for tumour immunotherapy: divergent effects on
      different growth media.

PMID- 394974
TI  - Effects of insulin on hepatic lipid synthesis in alloxan diabetic rats.
AB  - In vitro hepatic synthesis of lipids starting from 1-(14)C-acetate was studied in
      rats made diabetic by subcutaneous alloxan administration (175 mg/kg b.w.). A
      second group of diabetic rats was treated with lente insulin. In the alloxan
      treated rats, a decrese was observed in hepatic incorporation of 1-(14)C-acetate
      into phospholipids, triglycerides and esterified cholesterol; there was an
      increased incorporation into nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and free
      cholesterol. Insulin administration restored lipid synthesis values to normal. On
      histologic examination, an intranuclear glycogenesis was observed in the
      hepatocytes of the alloxan-treated rats, along with severe hepatic necrosis; the
      latter however, only in rats sacrified on the 3rd day. Hepatic steatosis with
      small, medium and large droplets was present in the insulin-treated rats; signs
      of cellular degeneration were less evident.

PMID- 394975
TI  - [Soliders of the revolution (F. P. Doronin and his family)].

PMID- 394977
TI  - [Selection of material for bacteriological study].

PMID- 394976
TI  - [Pavel Efimovich Zabludovskii (on his 85th birthday)].

PMID- 394978
TI  - Alena Lengerova. 12 November 1924 - 30 June 1979.

PMID- 394981
TI  - Some methodological aspects of the haemolytic plaque forming cell assay in the
      chicken system [proceedings].

PMID- 394980
TI  - A new recombinant allele in the B complex of the chicken [proceedings].

PMID- 394982
TI  - [Acid treatment of porcelain bonded crowns].

PMID- 394979
TI  - Xenogeneic bone marrow stimulating effect in vitro on antibody-producing cells.
AB  - It was described earlier that in the tissue cultures of immune mouse LN cells the
      number of antibody producing cells was increased 2-3-fold when syngeneic of
      allogeneic nonimmune BM cells were included in the cultures. In these
      experiments, parallel mixed cultures were set up of mouse immune LN cells with
      non-immune BM cells of either syngeneic or xenogeneic origin (rat, pig and
      chicken). Xenogeneic BM also increased the number of PFC in the mixed cultures.
      The intensity of the stimulation effected by xenogeneic BM of all three species
      tested was comparable to that induced by syngeneic BM. The number of PFC in all
      types of the mixed cultures was significantly higher (P less than 0.005) than in
      the LN cell cultures alone. The differences between the effect of syngeneic and
      xenogeneic BM and between the xenogeneic BM cells of different origin were not
      statistically significant (P less than 0.05).

PMID- 394983
TI  - [Methods of application and precision of fluid resins].

PMID- 394984
TI  - [Ownership of dentures--in relation to the billing of dental fees].

PMID- 394985
TI  - [Ottofy's Standard Dental Dictionary].

PMID- 394986
TI  - [Thomas and his achievement].

PMID- 394988
TI  - [Management of cleft lip and cleft palate in Japan: problems with dental
      prosthesis].

PMID- 394987
TI  - [Plating of plastic bases--its application to clinical prosthodontia].

PMID- 394989
TI  - [Cervical cast band type mental-bonded porcelain crown].

PMID- 394990
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the ultrasonic scaler].

PMID- 394992
TI  - [Hideyo Noguchi and oral spirochaete].

PMID- 394991
TI  - [Etiological studies of periodontal diseases--with special reference to leukocyte
      migration factor].

PMID- 394993
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Yukichi Sakakibara].

PMID- 394994
TI  - [Observation of pin restoration process, with special reference to the molar
      bridge with pin onlays].

PMID- 394995
TI  - [Morphology of occlusal plane--contact of occlusal plane].

PMID- 394996
TI  - [My 50 years as a clinical dentist (2)].

PMID- 394997
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of Butylon by multi-institutional, double-blind method-
      clinical examination of effective drug combination].

PMID- 394998
TI  - Recent developments in ketone-body metabolism.

PMID- 394999
TI  - Allyl alcohol-induced changes in the rat exocrine pancreas.
AB  - A histologic, histochemical and electron microscopic study was carried out on the
      rat exocrine pancreas 6-96 h after a single allyl alcohol intake. Histologically,
      acidophilia, necrosis and vacuolation of the pancreatic acinar cells were
      observed. Histochemically, a low but evident alcohol dehydrogenase activity could
      focally be demonstrated in the pancreatic acinar cell cytoplasm of the
      experimental and control rats. By electron microscopy, cytoplasmic lipid
      droplets, mitochondrial degeneration and necrosis were found in the acinar cells.
      Focal cytoplasmic degradation and vacuolation were seen in acinar, centroacinar
      and ductular cells of the pancreas. The findings are regarded as the consequence
      of the toxic action or acrolein that originates after allyl alcohol oxidation by
      alcohol dehydrogenase. Analogies between the liver and the pancreas in their
      response to acute allyl alcohol and chronic ethanol intake are discussed.

PMID- 395000
TI  - Diabetes: the genetic connections.
AB  - Insulin dependent (IDD) and non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDD) are separate
      disorders. Twin studies show that IDD cannot be entirely due to genetic causes as
      concordance is no more than about 50%, but there is some inherited predisposition
      to it as shown by HLA patterns. NIDD, on the other hand, is predominantly due to
      genetic causes since identical twins are nearly always concordant. Many cases of
      NIDD show chlorpropamide alcohol flushing (CPAF), a dominantly inherited feature
      which may precede the appearance of diabetes and thus act as a genetic marker for
      this type of diabetes. Diabetics who show chlorpropamide acohol flushing are less
      likely to develop retinopathy than those who do not. Genetic factors must
      therefore affect the incidence and severity of diabetic retinopathy.
      Chlorpropamide alcohol flushing is due to sensitivity to enkephalin. Enkephalin
      and other opioids affect carbohydrate metabolism and insulin release. It is
      possible therefore that they act as neurotransmitters and cause NIDD by a
      sympathetically mediated effect on the liver and pancreas--in other words, that
      as far as NIDD is concerned Claude Bernard's views on the cause of diabetes may
      have been right.

PMID- 395001
TI  - Age at diagnosis and seasonal variation in the onset of insulin-dependent
      diabetes in Chile (Southern hemisphere).
AB  - The age at diagnosis, sex, and the date of both the diagnosis (month--year) and
      the onset of symptoms of 525 insulin-depdendent diabetic patients, under 30 years
      of age at the time of diagnosis, were collected retrospectively from hospital
      records. The patients came from Chilean cities located in the Central Zone:
      Santiago (87%) and Temuco--Concepcion (13%). The age at diagnosis showed a
      bimodal distribution up to 19 years of age, with the main peak at 12 years and
      another at 6 years. The female peak preceded the male peak by 1 to 2 years. The
      onset of symptoms showed a seasonal variation, with the highest frequency in
      winter and the lowest in spring (P less than 0.01). There was also a significant
      variation in the time of diagnosis, especially in the 0--19 age group: most cases
      were diagnosed in winter (June, July) with the lowest number in summer
      (December).

PMID- 395002
TI  - Identification of a lobe in the adult human pancreas rich in pancreatic
      polypeptide.
AB  - Systematic sampling of human necropsy pancreases has revealed that pancreatic
      polypeptide (PP) cells are not distributed equally in the gland. PP-cells are the
      most abundant cell type in the posterior part of the pancreatic head while they
      are scarce or absent in the remainder of the gland. The PP-rich part of the head
      can be separated by blunt dissection from the pancreas as a discrete lobe. This
      lobe probably originates from the ventral pancreatic bud during embryogenesis. A
      quantitative study of the immunofluorescent endocrine cell types (insulin,
      glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide cells) in PP-rich and PP-poor
      regions of pancreases in 8 subjects with ages ranging from 33 fetal weeks to 80
      years, showed that the proportions of the cell types were different in youngs and
      adults.

PMID- 395003
TI  - Apparent discrepancy between the insulin secretory responses in vivo and in vitro
      in carbohydrate-intolerant Sand rats.
AB  - A subpopulation (n = 27) of normoglycaemic Sand rats was characterized as
      carbohydrate-intolerant by intraperitoneal glucose loading. Five of these animals
      did not show any rise in peripheral insulin concentrations when injected with
      glucose. However, when isolated by collagenase digestion their islets still
      exhibited a significant enhancement of insulin secretion in response to glucose,
      glyceraldehyde, mannose and theophylline. The in vitro secretory responses were
      comparable to those of islets from carbohydrate-tolerant Sand rats. The results
      underline the importance of the natural environment for the B-cell response in
      vivo.

PMID- 395004
TI  - Chemical diabetes in the adult rat as the spontaneous evolution of neonatal
      diabetes.
AB  - Injection of streptozotocin in newborn rats induced a severe diabetic syndrome on
      day 4 after birth, with acute hyperglycaemia and glycosuria. Over the next 3
      weeks spontaneous recovery occurred as attested by normal basal blood glucose and
      plasma insulin levels. Recovery was, however, incomplete in the adult since a
      definite impairment in insulin release and glucose disposal was observed. This
      state was characterized by the following features: 1) a 72% decrease in
      pancreatic insulin stores without change in pancreatic glucagon stores; 2) a
      slight but consistent elevation of blood glucose in the fasted and fed basal
      states and especially of blood glucose 90 min after an IV glucose load (2 g/kg)
      performed under pentobarbitone anaesthesia; 3) a considerable decline in the
      glucose-induced insulin release with a decrease in the maximal response. Both
      early and late phases of insulin release were impaired, as indicated by in vivo
      glucose infusion experiments. Basal plasma glucagon levels were normal. Over a
      period of 12 months with a normal laboratory diet no aggravation of the chemical
      diabetic state was observed. This new experimental syndrome is a potentially
      interesting model for the study of the influence of environmental factors on the
      development of overt diabetes.

PMID- 395005
TI  - Relationship of binding to internatlization of 125I-insulin in isolated rat
      hepatocytes.
AB  - By quantitative electron microscopic autoradiographic technique, we have
      previously shown that 125I-insulin initially localizes to the plasma membrane of
      isolated rat hepatocytes and is subsequently internalized in a limited region of
      the peripheral cytoplasm. In the present study, we have shown that when cells are
      incubated at 20 degrees C, steady state binding is reached by 60 minutes and
      maintained up until 120 minutes of incubation while at 37 degrees C steady state
      binding is reached by 10 minutes and maintained for 30 minutes. Under both of
      these conditions, internalization of the labelled material occurs as a constant
      function of the binding. These data suggest that under normal conditions the
      binding of the ligand is an important rate limiting determinant of the
      internalization process.

PMID- 395006
TI  - Streptozotocin diabetes: a glucoreceptor dysfunction affecting D cells as well as
      B and A cells.
AB  - Somatostatin release from the isolated pancreas of 3 normal and 6 streptozotocin
      diabetic dogs has been measured in response to various stimuli to determine
      whether abnormalities in somatostatin release are present in the diabetic
      pancreas. Simultaneous measurement of glucagon secretion was also made. In the
      pancreas from normal dogs increases in perfusate glucose from 25 to 200 mg/100 ml
      induced a 2--3 fold increase in somatostatin release and a two thirds decrease in
      glucagon secretion. In contrast, in the diabetic pancreas glucose caused no
      change in the secretion of the two hormones. In the diabetic pancreas addition of
      insulin to the perfusate (25,000 microU/ml) for periods from 10 to 75 minutes
      aimed at restoring normal extracellular insulin levels in the islets failed to
      restore either somatostatin or glucagon secretion to normal. In contradistinction
      to the lack of effect of glucose, the somatostatin and glucagon responses to
      arginine (5 mmol/l), isoproterenol (2 ng/ml) and calcium (5 mmol/l) were normal
      in the diabetic pancreas. The data suggests the presence of a selective
      glucoreceptor abnormality of the D as well as of B and A cells in the
      streptozotocin diabetic dog.

PMID- 395007
TI  - HLA-antigens in long standing insulin dependent diabetics with terminal
      nephropathy and retinopathy with and without loss of vision.

PMID- 395008
TI  - Antitumor activity of cell-wall skeleton of Propionibacterium acnes C7 in mice
      and guinea pigs.
AB  - The antitumor activity of the cell-wall skeleton (CWS) of Propionibacterium acnes
      C7 was examined by using transplantable tumors in syngeneic mice and in guinea
      pigs, and autochthonous tumors in mice. P. acnes-CWS was shown to suppress the
      growth of fibrosarcomas, EL4 leukemia, and MH134 hepatoma in syngeneic mice, and
      to regress the established tumors of a fibrosarcoma (MC104) in C57BL/6J mice, and
      a hepatoma (line-10) in strain-2 guinea pigs. The oil-attached P. acnes-CWS mixed
      with fructose mycolate was effective for suppression of the autograft of
      fibrosarcoma in mice. The repeated intralesional injections of suspension of P.
      acnes-CWS in phosphate-buffered saline was effective for prolongation of survival
      period of mice bearing 3-methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma. The test
      results on the cell fractions of P. acnes indicated that the CWS, but not the
      cytoplasmic or glucan fraction, of P. acnes had anti-tumor activity. The
      activation of peritoneal macrophages of mice was observed when P. acnes-CWS, but
      not the cytoplasmic fraction, was injected intraperitoneally 4 days before. The
      relationship between the cytolytic activity of peritoneal macrophages and
      antitumor activities of P. acnes-CWS was also discussed.

PMID- 395009
TI  - Carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide derivatives.
AB  - Carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide (4-NPO) and 7 kinds
      of its alkyl derivatives were tested on mice and on Salmonella typhimurium
      strains and Escherichia coli strains. 3-Methyl-4-NPO is the most potent
      carcinogen, followed by 3-ethyl-4-NPO and then 4-NPO. Mutagenicity was most
      potent in 3-methyl, 2,3-dimethyl, and 2,5-dimethyl derivatives, moderate in 4-NPO
      and 2-methyl and 2,6-dimethyl derivatives, and to a least extent in 3,5-dimethyl
      4-NPO. Structure-mutagenicity relationship was discussed on the basis of
      molecular mechanism of the carcinogenesis of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide.
      Quantitative relationship between mutagenicity and carcinogenicity was not
      strictly found among the compounds examined.

PMID- 395011
TI  - [Physiopathology of water-electrolyte diarrheas. 2].

PMID- 395010
TI  - [New data on carriers and cell receptors of vitamin B 12].

PMID- 395013
TI  - [Homage to Roger Viguie (1913-1979)].

PMID- 395012
TI  - [Adenoma of the liver and focal nodular hyperplasia. Relationship with oral
      contraceptives (author's transl)].

PMID- 395014
TI  - [List of members of the French National Society of Gastroenterology].

PMID- 395015
TI  - [Surgical treatment of Crohn's disease].

PMID- 395016
TI  - Regional specificity of illegitimate recombination by the translocatable
      ampicillin-resistance element Tn1 in the genome of phage P22.
AB  - Insertions of the translocatable ampicillin-resistance element Tn1 were selected
      in the genome of the temperate Salmonella phage P22 by growing the phage on hosts
      carrying the resistance plasmid RP4. Insertions of Tn1 into phage P22 are rare
      (10(-10) per phage) and nonrandomly distributed in the P22 genome. They are found
      mainly in the vicinity of the P22 ant gene. Insertions within the ant gene are
      found at many (at least 15) genetically separable sites, are found equally
      frequently in both orientations and cause irreversible loss of gene function.
      Some insertions in ant appear to be associated with an adjecent deletion.
      Prophage deletions were derived from P22::Tn1 phages by two methods. Low
      multiplicity transductants have nonrandomly distributed endpoints. One end is at
      or very near the site of the Tn1 insertion, and the other is in the vicinity of
      gene 12; however, there are many genetically distinguishable endpoints within
      gene 12. Prophage deletions selected as survivors of induction of a P22Ap mnt-ts
      lysogen have similarly nonrandom endpoints, with the Tn1-distal end frequently
      near the ant gene, as well as gene 12. Physical analysis of several prophage
      deletions suggests that the Tn1 is intact to the resolution of DNA electron
      microscopy and that the deletions begin at the end of the Tn1 insertion. These
      results suggest that illegitimate recombination associated with Tn1 shows
      regional specificity (i.e., preference for some large areas of the P22 genome
      over other areas), but that within these regions is quite nonspecific.

PMID- 395017
TI  - Realignment of the genetic map of the terminus of the rIIB cistron of
      bacteriophage T4.
AB  - Duplication end-point mapping in the rIIB cistron indicates that the order of the
      BS-B10b segments is the inverse of that presented in Benzer's (1961) genetic
      maps. This findings is supported by two- and three-factor crosses and the
      phenotypes of rII deletions extending into the D region.

PMID- 395018
TI  - Escherichia coli K-12 auxotrophs induced by insertion of the transposable element
      Tn5.
AB  - The sites of insertion of the transposable kanamycin-neomycin resistance
      determining element, Tn5, in the E. coli K-12 chromosome were assessed in a
      collection of over 300 auxotrophs. Although mutations in at least 45 different
      cistrons were obtained, the distribution of insertion sites was not completely
      random: proA or proB; cysG; and cysH, cysD or cysC mutants were found in excess.

PMID- 395019
TI  - Mating-type effect on cis mutations leading to constitutivity of ornithine
      transaminase in diploid cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Cis-acting regulatory mutations have been isolated that affect L-ornithine
      transaminase (OTAse), an enzyme catalyzing the second step of arginine breakdown
      in yeast. These mutations lead to constitutive synthesis of OTAse at various
      levels. Two different types of mutations have been recovered, both of which are
      tightly linked to the structural gene (cargB) for this enzyme. One type behaves
      as a classical operator-constitutive mutation similar to the cargB+O---1 mutation
      previously described (DUBOIS et al. 1978). The second type is peculiar in two
      respects: the higher level of constitutive OTAse synthesis and the expression of
      constitutivity in diploid cells. These mutations are designated cargB+Oh. They
      behave as usual operator-constitutive mutations in diploid strains homozygous for
      mating type (a/a or alpha/alpha), but the constitutivity is strongly reduced in
      a/alpha diploid cells.

PMID- 395020
TI  - Switching of a mating-type a mutant allele in budding yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Aimed at investigating the recovery of a specific mutant allele of the mating
      type locus (MAT) by switching a defective MAT allele, these experiments provide
      information bearing on several models proposed for MAT interconversion in bakers
      yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Hybrids between heterothallic (ho) cells
      carrying a mutant MAT a allele, designated mata-2, and MAT alpha ho strains show
      a high capacity for mating with MATa strains. The MAT alpha/mata-2 diploids do
      not sporulate. However, zygotic clones obtained by mating MAT alpha homothallic
      (HO) cells with mata-2 ho cells are unable to mate and can sporulate. Tetrad
      analysis of such clones revealed two diploid (MAT alpha/MATa):two haploid
      segregants. Therefore, MAT switches occur in MAT alpha/mata-2 HO/ho cells to
      produce MAT alpha/Mata cells capable of sporulation. In heterothallic strains,
      the mata-2 allele can be switched to a functional MAT alpha and subsequently to a
      functional MATa. Among 32 MAT alpha to MATa switches tested, where the MAT alpha
      was previously derived from the mata-2 mutant, only one mata-2 like isolate was
      observed. However, the recovered allele, unlike the parental allele, complements
      the matalpha ste1-5 mutant, suggesting that these alleles are not identical and
      that the recovered allele presumably arose as a mutation of the Mat alpha locus.
      No mata-2 was recovered by HO-mediated switching of MAT alpha (previously
      obtained from mata-2 by HO) in 217 switches analyzed. We conclude that in
      homothallic and heterothallic strains, the mata-2 allele can be readily switched
      to a functional MAT alpha and subsequently to a functional MATa locus. Overall,
      the results are in accord with the cassette model (HICKS, STRATHERN and
      HERSKOWITZ )977b) proposed to explain MAT interconversions.

PMID- 395021
TI  - Gene conversion of the mating-type locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Tetrad analysis of MATa/MAT alpha diploids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae generally
      yields 2 MATa:2MAT alpha meiotic products. About 1 to 1.8% of the tetrads yield
      aberrant segregations for this marker. Described here are experiments that
      determine whether the aberrant meiotic segregations at the mating-type locus are
      ascribable to gene conversions or to MAT switches, that is, to mating-type
      interconversions. Diploid strains incapable of switching MATa to MAT alpha, or
      the converse, nevertheless display changes of MATa to MAT alpha, or the reverse.
      These events must be attributed to gene conversion. Further, we suggest that MATa
      and MAT alpha alleles may represent nonhomologous sequences of DNA since they
      fail to display postmeiotic segregations.

PMID- 395022
TI  - Mapping chromosomal genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae using an improved genetic
      mapping method.
AB  - A triploid (3n) strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was constructed carrying a
      standard marker on each of chromosomes 1 through XVII in the -/+/+ configuration.
      This is called a "supertriploid." Meiotic spores from this strain (n +
      approximately n/2) were mated with a haploid (n) carrying an unmapped mutation.
      Meiotic analysis of each zygote clone (2n + approximately n/2) produced in this
      way resulted in elimination of an average of 4.2 chromosomes as the possible
      location of the unmapped marker. The distribution of extra chromosomes in the 2n
      + approximately n/2) strains was nearly random. Meiotic segregrants of these
      crosses carrying the unmapped mutation in the -/+ configuration were then crossed
      with multiply marked haploid strains to further narrow the possible location of
      the unmapped mutation to a single chromosome. Scoring of markers by complemention
      tests was simplified by mating spore clones with mixtures of a and alpha strains,
      each pair carrying the same set of markers. Using this new, more rapid method
      ("supertriploid mapping"), eight genes required for the maintenance of the killer
      plasmid were located on the genetic map of S. cerevisiae.

PMID- 395023
TI  - Physiological characterization of polar Tn5-induced isoleucine-valine auxotrophs
      in Escherichia coli K.12: evidence for an internal promoter in the ilvOGEDA
      operon.
AB  - The properties of 22 isoleucine-valine auxotrophs induced in Escherichia coli K
      12 by the transposable element, Tn5, were characterized on the basis of growth
      requirements, cross-feeding behavior, and enzyme activity. Mutants defective in
      ilvA, ilvC, ilvD and ilvE were found. Mutation in ilvE were not completely polar
      on ilvD and ilvA enzyme activities (that is, ilvE mutants possessed a low
      constitutive level of expression of the enzymes coded by ilvD and ilvA), while
      mutations in ilvD were completely polar on ilvA enzyme activity. The data suggest
      that there is an internal promoter between the sites of Tn5 insertion in ilvE and
      ilvD.

PMID- 395024
TI  - Deletions generated by the transposon Tn10 in the srl recA region of the
      Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome.
AB  - A negative regulatory gene for the srl operon (srlR) was recognized by the
      characteristics of an insertion mutation generated by the transposon Tn10
      determining tetracycline resistance. This finding is discussed in light of
      previous hypotheses on the regulation of the srl genes, which mediate metabolism
      of glucitol (i.e., sorbitol). Mapping showed that the order of genes in this
      region is: srlR srlD srlC recA alaS. Using two different methods, five mutations
      of both srl and recA were detected. The phenotype conferred by these mutations,
      UV sensitivity and extreme recombination deficiency, is characteristic of
      standard recA point mutants. Three of the mutations were deletions that also
      removed the genes for tetracycline resistance of the nearby transposon. A fourth
      mutation ended at a distance from Tn10 sufficient to allow separation of the two
      by recombination following P1 transduction; our tests did not allow us to
      conclude whether this mutation was an inversion or a deletion. The fifth mutation
      was a deletion that seemed to end immediately adjacent to the boundary of Tn10,
      proximal to recA. Mechanisms for the generation of these srl recA mutations are
      discussed.

PMID- 395025
TI  - Suppression of the formation of polygenotypic recombinant colonies by a maf
      mutation in mating with HfrH.
AB  - W3011, a Cavalli-type Hfr (HfrC), was mated with F-KY9474, maf-1, which cannot
      maintain F or F-like plasmids, and with F-OU9474, Maf+, a spontaneous revertant
      of KY9474. The recombinant colonies obtained were 100% monogenotypic from KY9474
      and 90% monogenotypic from OU9474. On the other hand, in matings with OU11, a
      Hayes-type Hfr (HfrH), and these two F- strains, recombinant colonies derived
      from KY9474 showed only 22% polygenotypic recombinant colonies; whereas, those
      derived from OU9474 showed a high production rate (57%) of polygenotypic
      recombinant colonies. Among the polygenotypic recombinant colonies derived from
      KY9474 maf-1, 50% contained three or more recombinant types. These were probably
      derived from a small fraction of Maf+ revertants in the KY9474 population, as
      suggested by the results of mating this strain with M80, an F' strain that
      contains an amber mutation in traH. These results support the hypothesis that the
      donor DNA fragments derived from an HfrH can undergo a limited replication in the
      recipient to produce polygenotypic recombinant colonies, whereas those derived
      from HfrC cannot.

PMID- 395026
TI  - Rho and ribosome mutation interaction: lethality of rho-15 in rpsL or rpsE
      strains, and rho-15 methionine auxotrophy in rps+ strains of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The phenotype of Escherichia coli K-12 carrying rho-15 in the genetic background
      DW319 ilv lacZ::IS1 is described. Seventy-eight percent (70/90) of Ilv+
      transductants acquired the following phenotype: temperature-sensitive growth on
      minimal salts medium, Ts+ growth on complex medium and suppression of the lac
      polar mutation. At 42 degrees on minimal medium, the rho-15 transductants were
      cross-fed by a substance diffusing from Rho+ transductants or controls. The
      requirement for this substance was satisfied by methionine or cystathionine, but
      not by any other single amino acid or combination of amino acids, by spermidine,
      or by mono- or divalent cationic salts.--Transduction of rho-15 into four other
      Ilv- recipients revealed two phenotypic patterns. Recipients with rpsL or rpsE
      ribosomes yielded rho-15 transductants that were Ts on all media, or Ts on
      minimal medium whether or not methionine was present. The effect of the ribosome
      on expression of rho-15 was confirmed by transduction of appropriate rps alleles
      into DW319, followed by co-transduction of rho-15 with Ilv+. The growth rate of
      double rho-15 rpsL or rho-15 rpsE strains was severely reduced at 42 degrees in
      comparison with strains carrying any of these single mutations. Models for rho
      and ribosome interaction are presented.

PMID- 395027
TI  - Genetic analysis of gamma-ray mutagenesis in yeast. I. Reversion in radiation
      sensitive strains.
AB  - The frequency of revertants induced by 60Co gamma rays of the ochre allele, cyc1
      9, has been measured in radiation-sensitive strains carrying one of 19 nonallelic
      mutations and in wild-type strains. The results indicate that ionizing radiation
      mutagenesis depends on the activity of the RAD6 group of genes and that the gene
      functions employed are very similar, but probably not identical, to those that
      mediate UV mutagenesis. Repair activities dependent on the functions of the RAD50
      through RAD57 loci, the major pathway for the repair of damage caused by ionizing
      radiation, do not appear to play any part in mutagenesis. A comparison between
      the gamma-ray data and those obtained previously with UV (LAWRENCE and
      CHRISTENSEN 1976) and chemical mutagens (PRAKASH 1976) suggests that the RAD6
      "mutagenic pathway" is in fact composed of a set of processes, some of which are
      concerned with error-prone, and some with error-free, recovery activities.

PMID- 395028
TI  - Genetic analysis of gamma-ray mutagenesis in yeast. II. Allele-specific control
      of mutagenesis.
AB  - We find that partially different sets of gene functions are required for the
      production of different kinds of mutations induced by 60Co gamma rays in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This observation is very similar to others made
      previously with respect to UV mutagenesis (LAWRENCE and CHRISTENSEN 1978a,b,
      1979) and confirms the conclusion that such distinctive patterns of genetic
      control reflect properties of the test alleles and their genetic locations,
      rather than the kinds of lesions required to revert them. The data also support
      the model of mutagenic repair outlined in the first paper of this series (McKee
      and LAWRENCE 1979), in which partially different sets of gene functions are
      required for the production of different kinds of mutations, the formation of
      mutations at different genetic sites and the induction of mutations by different
      mutagens.

PMID- 395029
TI  - Transformation in yeast: development of a hybrid cloning vector and isolation of
      the CAN1 gene.
AB  - We have constructed a plasmid, YEp13, which when used in conjunction with
      transformation in yeast is a suitable vector for isolating specific yeast genes.
      The plasmid consists of pBR322, the LEU2 gene of yeast, and a DNA fragment
      containing a yeast origin of replication from 2 mu circule. We have demonstrated
      the utility of this cloning system by isolating the yeast gene encoding the
      arginine permease, CAN1, from a pool of random yeast DNA fragments inserted into
      YEp13.

PMID- 395030
TI  - Sterile host yeasts (SHY): a eukaryotic system of biological containment for
      recombinant DNA experiments.
AB  - A system of biological containment for recombinant DNA experiments in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's/Baker's yeast) is described. The principle of
      containment is sterility: the haploid host strains all contain a mating-type-non
      specific sterile mutation. The hosts also contain four auxotrophic mutations
      suitable for selection for the various kinds of vectors used. All vectors are
      derivatives of pBR322 which can be selected and maintained in both yeast and
      Escherichia coli. The system has recently been certified at the HV2 level by the
      National Institutes of Health.

PMID- 395031
TI  - [On the 90th anniversary of the birth of Academician of the Academy of Medical
      Sciences of the USSR, L. K. Khotsianov].

PMID- 395032
TI  - [Colonization of the microflora in female genital tract].

PMID- 395033
TI  - Grey scale ultrasound in obstetric diagnosis.

PMID- 395035
TI  - [Gottlieb Zrubecky, 1922-1978].

PMID- 395034
TI  - Active and inactive renin in pregnancy and in women on estrogen-containing oral
      contraceptives.
AB  - Total and active renin concentrations (TRC and ARC) were determined in pregnant
      women and in women on estrogen-containing oral contraceptives to study the
      variation of plasma renin forms in pregnancy. TRC was already elevated in the
      first trimester. After that TRC increased consistently reaching the maximum in
      the third trimester. The ratio of inactive renin concentrations (IRC) to TRC was
      between 20 and 30% throughout gestation. Therefore, it was supposed that the
      development of the placenta or the enlargement of the uterus do not affect the
      ratio of IRC to TRC too much. In women on oral contraceptives in whom plasma
      renin activity was increased due to elevation of renin substrate, the ratio of
      IRC to TRC was almost the same as that in normal controls. From these results, it
      was suggested that the development of the placenta and the enlargement of the
      uterus do not play an important role in the variation of plasma renin forms,
      although remarkable changes are observed in the renin substrate and total amounts
      of renin in pregnancy.

PMID- 395036
TI  - [Isolated burn of the palm, a typical injury of the young child].

PMID- 395037
TI  - [Complications caused by the plastic material used in a 2-stage flexor tendon
      grafting operation].
AB  - After the use of the silicone-rod method for the two-stage flexor tendon grafting
      without complications in more than 120 cases, there were found -- although an
      identical technique was used -- some cases of inflammatory reaction compelling
      the earlier removal of the rods and leading to poorer results. Tests showed that
      there are silicone-rubber rods on the market which differ widely in their
      physical qualities and, therefore, also show differences in their compatibility
      with tissue.

PMID- 395038
TI  - Natural killer and tumor recognizing lymphocyte activity in tumor patients.
AB  - Several mechanisms can lead to the killing of a target cell by lymphocytes. In
      order to study immunologically specific phenomena it has to be ensured that the
      natural killer (NK) effect does not operate in the system. Using targets which
      are sensitive to NK, the effector populations have to be depleted of lymphocytes
      with such potential. The blood lymphocytes of tumor carrying patients often have
      reduced NK activity. In two assay systems anti-tumor autoimmune reactivity has
      been demonstrated (the majority of tested patients had lung carcinomas or
      osteosarcomas). The tests were: 1. Induction of blastogenesis in blood
      lymphocytes by in vitro confrontation with autologous biopsy cells. 2. Lymphocyte
      mediated killing of autologous biopsy cells in short term in vitro assay. Cross
      reactivity between patients was rare which indicates either that the putative
      tumor antigens are individual specific or their recognition is restricted by
      histocompatibility.

PMID- 395039
TI  - Calculation of disease susceptibility gene frequency in insulin-dependent
      diabetes mellitus.
AB  - An analysis of HLA-linked genetical factors conferring susceptibility to IDDM is
      reported. On the basis of population and family studies a recessive mode of
      inheritance of disease susceptibility provided by an assumption of HLA-B8-linked
      DS gene was observed. The characteristic component of the immunogenetical
      background was the high frequency of HLA-B8 (0.208) and the HLA-A1, B8 haplotype
      (0.134) (linkage disequilibrium D = 0.1031), reminiscent of that found also in
      other disorders with autoimmune features, such as Graves disease, SLE, etc.
      Considering the HLA-B8 and IDDM association, the DS gene frequency (pD = 0.25)
      was estimated and the gametic association between HLA-B8 andu DS gene was
      calculated. The low value of penetrancy (4.8%) revealed the important role of non
      HLA-linked genetical and environmental factors. The HLA-linked genetic factors in
      question might be responsible for an inclination to several kinds of autoimmune
      disorders.

PMID- 395040
TI  - Role of the kidney in the inactivation rate constant of urokinase activity.
AB  - The role of the kidney in the inactivation rate constant of UK activity (ke) was
      examined experimentally. The results obtained were as follows. There was a
      remarkable divergence in FA between the abdominal aorta and renal vein. When the
      bilateral renal arteries and veins were ligated, ke was 0.38, in contrast to 0.79
      in the normal state. When UK was infused into rabbits with ligated renal vessels,
      the FA lasted for an increased period after the termination of UK infusion. These
      findings suggest that the kidney functions as an inactivator of UK.

PMID- 395041
TI  - In memoriam. Jacques Roskam 1890--1977.

PMID- 395042
TI  - Immune complexes and triggering of cellular mechanisms.

PMID- 395043
TI  - In memoriam: Imre Barta 1899--1978.

PMID- 395044
TI  - Clinical significance of circulating immune complexes. Effect of plasmapheresis.

PMID- 395045
TI  - New ideas about self-tolerance and auto-immunity.
AB  - Recent advances in our understanding of B cell ontogeny strengthen the theory
      that self-tolerance is generated principally by clonal deletion. B cells pass
      through a stage: the "baby B cell", during which they are particularly
      susceptible to receptor cross-linking. Further evidence of clonal deletion comes
      from studies on the maintenance of the liver differentiation alloantigen F. In
      spite of this accumulating evidence room can still be found for the concept of
      immunological silence: it is a prediction of the dual recognition theory of T
      cell receptors that differentiation macromolecules which occur only on the
      surface of Ia negative cells cannot be seen by T helper cells.

PMID- 395047
TI  - [Asystole following lidocaine].

PMID- 395046
TI  - The biological role of the complement system and the clinical importance of
      complement measurements.
AB  - Properties of serum proteins belonging to the complement system, two pathways of
      the complement activation (classical and alternative pathway) as well as the
      physiological role of the complement system are discussed. Complement has
      essential importance in some physiological processes: In the induction of the
      humoral immune response, in the elimination of immune complexes and in the
      protection against bacterial and viral infections. After a short discussion of
      the genetics of the complement system, the principle and possibilities of
      clinical applications of the complement measurements are described. Finally,
      different approaches to the therapeutic manipulation of the complement system are
      discussed.

PMID- 395048
TI  - [The renin-angiotensin system: developmental aspects].

PMID- 395049
TI  - [Pharmacological studies of 4-ethoxy-2-methyl-5-morpholino-3(2H)-pyridazinone
      (M73101). (2). Anti-inflammatory activity (author's transl)].
AB  - The anti-inflammatory activity and the mode of action of M73101, a new non
      steroid analgesic anti-inflammatory agent, were investigated in experimental
      animals and compared with those of reference drugs. M73101 inhibited the increase
      in vascular permeability induced by acetic acid and its activity was more potent
      than that of phenylbutazone. M73101 showed a marked inhibitory effect against rat
      paw edema induced by various phlogistic agents (carrageenin, dextran, histamine,
      serotonin and bradykinin) and the activities were equal to or more potent than
      those of aminopyrine, mepirizole and tiaramide HCl. M73101 also inhibited the
      edema induced by mustard, scalding and anti-rat rabbit serum in rats. In
      addition, the anti-edematous effect of M73101 on carrageenin-induced rat paw
      edema was not influenced by spinalectomy or adrenalectomy, indicating that the
      anti-inflammatory action of M73101 was not mediated by the central nervous system
      and the adrenals. Local and oral administration of M73101 inhibited significantly
      the leucocyte migration into the fluid of CMC pouch in rats and the activity was
      more potent than phenylbutazone, suggesting that the anti-inflammatory effect of
      M73101 was due to the direct action at the inflamed site. On the other hand,
      M73101 did not show any marked activities on the experimental chronic
      inflammatory models. From these results, it is suggested that M73101 may be
      useful for clinical application as a basic analgesic, anti-inflammatory drug with
      remarkable anti-inflammatory activity in acute and subacute cases. The mechanism
      of the anti-inflammatory action of M73101 probably involves inhibition of an
      increase in vascular permeability and leucocyte migration.

PMID- 395050
TI  - [Hypotensive effects of diltiazem in DOCA/saline hypertensive rats (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 395051
TI  - [Anti-inflammatory actions of proteases, bromelain, trypsin and their mixed
      preparation (author's transl)].
AB  - Anti-inflammatory actions of proteases, bromelain (BR), trypsin (TR) and their
      mixed preparation (KT) were studied mainly in rabbits using various experimental
      test methods. Inhibitory action of edema formation induced by carrageenin was
      observed to be dose dependent with oral administrations of KT. This inhibitory
      action of KT was more remarkable than actions of BR and TR, suggesting a possible
      synergism between the latter two. Such action was also observed with non
      steroidal anti-rheumatic drugs, phenylbutazone (PB), indomethacin and
      acetylsalicylic acid. Oral administration of KT exerted definite inhibition or a
      tendency toward inhibition against paw edema induced by dextran, histamine or egg
      albumin or skin edema induced by anti-rabbit serum and thermal stimulation.
      Furthermore, inhibition of vascular permeability increase induced by histamine
      and bradykinin as well as a tendency toward inhibition against protein exudation
      in CMC-pouch method were observed. On the other hand, contrary to PB, potent
      inhibitory action was not manifested in the persistent proliferative inflammation
      models, the granuloma formation induced formalin soaked filter paper and cotton
      pellet and the mustard edema. Therefore, it can be deduced that the inhibitory
      action of KT against edema formation may be dependent mainly on the inhibitory
      action of vascular permeability increase and the anti-inflammatory action may be
      specific for acute exudative inflammation.

PMID- 395052
TI  - [Prof. Alfred Hollander on his 80th birthday].

PMID- 395053
TI  - [Disorders of hemostasis in intrauterine fetal death. Pathogenetic and
      therapeutic considerations].
AB  - When a dead fetus has remained in utero, an abnormality in haemostasis can be
      observed depending on the duration of retention. The most significant symptom is
      hypofibrinogenemia. Publications on the subject show in addition to a variety of
      symptoms a non-uniform pathogenetic pathway of the haemostatic disorder: Both an
      isolated hyperfibrinolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with
      subsequent secondary activation of fibrinolysis have to be taken into
      consideration of the pathomechanism of the haemostasis defect. The triggering of
      DIC is possibly connected to the presence of the dead fetus and placenta, a
      primary hyperfibrinolysis seems to be induced by the mechanical factor of labors
      or curettage. The management of the haemostatic failure should be directed at the
      pathogenetic considerations; the appropriate treatment may be life-saving, when
      the haemostatic conditions become precarious inducing a bleeding tendency.

PMID- 395054
TI  - [In memoriam Feodor Lynen].

PMID- 395055
TI  - Effects of salmon calcitonin on insulin-induced growth hormone release in man.

PMID- 395056
TI  - Somatostatin does not cause sustained fasting hyperglycemia in man.

PMID- 395057
TI  - Effect of adrenalectomy on obese 'fatty' rats.

PMID- 395058
TI  - Metabolic and behavioral differences between dieting and intestinal bypass.
AB  - The present studies were designed to compare physiological and behavioral changes
      produced by weight loss induced with dieting and the weight loss which follows
      intestinal bypass. A group of 7 grossly obese individuals were hospitalized in a
      metabolic unit and studied at their initial weight after 4 weeks on a hypocaloric
      diet and again following a comparable weight loss after intestinal bypass
      surgery. The score indicating depression increased after dieting, but returned to
      initial levels after bypass. A number of other behavioral changes were recorded
      including a reduction in the time spent thinking about food, the time when the
      individual felt hungry and a greater percentage of time when they felt "full".
      After bypass, the patients also selected and ate smaller quantities of food.
      There were no metabolic differences following the period of dieting. Among the
      metabolic changes after bypass were an increase in glycerol and a decrease in
      insulin. The possible relationships between the metabolic and behavioral changes
      have been reviewed.

PMID- 395060
TI  - Perfused liver carnitine palmitoyl-transferase activity and ketogenesis in
      streptozotocin treated and genetic hyperinsulinemic rats. Effect of glucagon.
AB  - Perfused liver carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT) activity and ketone body
      output were determined in streptozotocin -- treated and untreated Sprague-Dawley
      and Zucker rats. Streptozotocin enhanced liver ketogenic capacity and CPT
      activity in both these strains. No difference was observed in CPT activity or in
      ketone body production between the fatty and lean Zucker strains. Glucagon, added
      directly to the perfusate, had no influence on ketone body output and only in the
      livers of obese Zucker rats increased CPT activity.

PMID- 395059
TI  - Effect of somatostatin on bile-induced acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis in the dog.
AB  - In 21 female Beagle dogs an experimental pancreatitis was induced by injection of
      bile into the pancreatic duct system. Beside controls, dogs received 62.5
      micrograms/h cyclic somatostatin (SRIF) a continuous i.v. infusion starting with
      a bolus of 250 micrograms 15 minutes before or 2 hours after bile injection.
      Following blood parameters were determined: lipase, amylase, blood count,
      minerals, glucose, insulin, gastrin, secretin and CCK. Two controls died within
      24 hours, the others were sacrificed after 48 hours. All pancreata were examined
      morephologically. The controls developed all clinical signs of acute hemorrhagic
      pancreatitis, whereas all SRIF-treated dogs were in much better general
      condition. Lipase and amylase increased in all groups. In the controls insulin,
      gastrin and secretin remained unchanged and CCK rose slightly. SRIF-treatment
      diminished insulin, CCK and the test meal-induced increase of secretin. At
      autopsy the pancreata of the controls were nearly entirely apoplectic. The SRIF
      treated dogs showed less damage of the pancreas and no severe hemorrhagic
      necrosis was noted. The beneficial effect of SRIF cannot only be due to an
      interaction with intestinal hormones. An additional direct protective effect on
      the exocrine parenchyma is proposed to exist.

PMID- 395061
TI  - Growth hormone reserve capacity in Turner's syndrome.
AB  - In 11 untreated and 6 oestrogen-treated Turner's syndrome patients, the changes
      in the serum growth hormone level were studied following the induction of
      hypoglycaemia with insulin. The growth hormone was measured with a radioimmune
      assay technique. The growth hormone peak value measured in healthy females was
      54.32 +/- 17.17, in untreated Turner's syndrome was 14.90 +/- 3.71, and in
      oestrogen-treated Turner patients was 33.38 +/- 9.22 microU/ml (average +/-
      standard error). On the basis of the results, a role is attributed to the
      decreased growth hormone reserve in the low growth of Tuner's syndrome patients.

PMID- 395062
TI  - Testicular function in patients with spinal cord damage.
AB  - Vaying degrees of testicular dysfunction are found in men with traumatic spinal
      cord damage. Eighteen paraplegic men have been studied and the gonadotropin
      response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) measured. Basal serum
      testosterone estimations were made and in eight of the patients testicular
      testosterone reserve was assessed by the testosterone response to human chorionic
      gonadotropin (HCG). Testicular biopsies were performed in seven cases. In three
      of these patients, the testicular biopsies were abnormal. Five of the patients
      had elevated Follicle stimulating hormone levels and abnormalities of Luteinizing
      hormone kinetics were found in the same five patients. There was no significant
      difference between the plasma testosterone levels of the paraplegic patients when
      compared to the control group. In all the patients tested, there was an adequate
      testosterone reserve, and this included the three patients with the abnormal
      testicular biopsies. No relationship was found between the level of cord lesion
      and any of the hormonal parameters measured. This study confirms the primary
      nature of the seminiferous tubular damage which occurs in some patients with
      paraplegia.

PMID- 395063
TI  - Influence of therapeutic doses of vincristine on the arginine-induced insulin and
      growth hormone secretions in man.

PMID- 395064
TI  - Dynamic study of the blood viscosity of insulin-dependent diabetics by means of
      an artificial pancreas.
AB  - The blood viscosity of 15 insulin-dependent, poorly controlled, diabetic subjects
      was determined by using a microviscosimeter at low shear rates, with cylindrical
      cuvettes of the Couette type. It was found that the blood viscosity of these
      diabetics was more elevated than that of control patients (p less than 0.001). In
      ten diabetics, the return to a strict metabolic control over a period of more
      than 24 h by means of an artificial pancreas resulted in a significant systematic
      lowering of blood viscosity. These results suggest that the metabolic control of
      diabetes influences blood viscosity, and they underline the importance of an
      artificial pancreas for the dynamic study of the factors affecting blood
      viscosity during the course of diabetes.

PMID- 395065
TI  - Influence of cortisol circadian variations on insulin need and delivery in
      insulin-dependent diabetics. Assessment by the artificial beta cell.

PMID- 395066
TI  - D-Trp8-D-Cys14-somatostatin--demonstration of its differential suppressive
      activity in juvenile diabetics.
AB  - In 8 insulin-dependent diabetics, the effect of D-Trp8-D-Cys14-somatostatin on
      blood glucose, growth hormone, and glucagon levels as well as on insulin
      requirements from an artificial endocrine pancreas was studied during a balanced
      meal. The somatostatin analogue was infused at a rate of 25 microgram/h preceeded
      by a bolus injection of 25 microgram 30 minutes before ingestion of the meal. At
      this dose the analogue had no effect on glucagon levels and insulin requirements
      from the artificial pancreas. On the other hand, there was a significant lowering
      effect on fasting blood glucose levels, possibly indicating a direct inhibition
      of hepatic glucose production. Furthermore, there might be a slight effect on
      growth hormone levels, as was demonstrated by a rebound increase after
      termination of analogue infusion.

PMID- 395067
TI  - Assessment of daily insulin requirements in diabetics with an artificial
      endocrine pancreas.

PMID- 395068
TI  - The artificial beta cell (Biostator) in the adjustment of instable diabetics-
      results after 20 months.
AB  - In 55 poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetics, we tried to discover
      criteria for an improvement of metabolism by means of the "artificial beta-cell"
      (Biostator). To this end, during the first 24 h of hospitalization, blood glucose
      was monitored continuously under conventional insulin therapy (monitoring
      period). Insulin requirement was determined during the next 24 h by the
      artificial beta-cell (feedback period). Corrections of diabetes regimen were made
      with reference to the insulin consumption during the feedback period and to the
      extent of the postprandial blood sugar increases and decreases during the
      monitoring period. The resulting new diabetes regimen led to a significant
      improvement of the daily blood sugar profiles.

PMID- 395069
TI  - Insulin treatment and state of control before, during, and after connection to a
      glucose controlled insulin infusion system (Biostator).
AB  - Nine insulin-dependent, juvenile-onset diabetics were treated for more than
      twenty four hours with an artificial beta cell (Biostator). Using the amounts and
      profile of the insulin delivered by the machine as a guide for subsequent
      subcutaneous therapy, a better state of control was obtained. However, with the
      algorithm constants used, we found the Biostator to deliver more insulin (average
      36%) than needed for subcutaneous therapy. Repeated oral glucose tolerance tests
      show that constants used in the algorithms might be optimized.

PMID- 395070
TI  - Use of glucose-controlled insulin infusion system for improvement of subcutaneous
      insulin regimen.
AB  - The use of an artificial pancreas for blood glucose monitoring and feedback
      correction for evaluation and improvement of subcutaneous insulin therapy
      facilitates the process of finding an optimal therapy regime for the individual
      patient. The frequency of hypoglycemic episodes can be reduced while maintaining
      good control, and hospital stays can be considerably shortened. This procedure is
      particularly useful in achieving tight control in pregnant diabetics.

PMID- 395071
TI  - The external artificial pancreas: an instrument to induce remissions in severe
      recent juvenile diabetes. Comparison with a preprogrammed insulin infusion
      system.
AB  - Remission of juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes is a rare, temporary, and
      partial phenomenon which seems to be related to an improvement of the residual
      insulin secretion supported by prompt and rigorous insulin therapy. Thus,
      remissions allowing the replacement of insulin by oral drugs were attempted in 23
      insulin dependent ketotic juvenile diabetics (age 10 +/- 2 years) of recent onset
      (apparent duration of diabetes 71 +/- 5 days) treated by an external artificial
      pancreas during 5 +/- 1 days and compared with 10 control diabetics treated by a
      less effective technique (preprogrammed insulin pump without feedback control)
      during 6 +/- 1 days. 18 (78%) remissions of long duration (1-26 months) occurred
      after artificial pancreas compared with 3 (30%) in the control group. Measurement
      of daily urinary C-peptide excretion confirmed the improvement of the residual
      insulin secretion in patients with insulin-induced remissions. Thus, the
      excellent blood glucose control given by an artificial pancreas seems necessary
      to lead to much more frequent remissions of diabetes than usually reported.

PMID- 395072
TI  - Use of an artificial beta cell in surgery.
AB  - Using a Biostator glucose-controlled insulin infusion system to monitor blood
      glucose during surgery, we have shown that both nondiabetic and diabetic patients
      have a tendency towards hyperglycemia during surgery. This appears to be due to
      suppression of endogenous insulin secretion as measured by serum C-peptide
      levels. Some diabetic patients maintained relatively normal glucose values during
      surgery when infused with saline alone and not given glucose or insulin, but 2 of
      5 were not well controlled by this means. Hyperglycemia in both diabetic and non
      diabetic patients was related to the rate of infusion of exogenous glucose. The
      biostator glucose-controlled insulin infusion system could be used in feedback
      mode as an apparently safe and effective means of controlling blood glucose
      during surgery on diabetic patients.

PMID- 395073
TI  - Application of an artificial endocrine pancreas in the management of the diabetic
      surgical patient.
AB  - Application of the artificial endocrine pancreas in 12 patients undergoing total
      duodenopancreatectomy and 3 diabetics in whom different operations were performed
      proved to be safe for the patients with respect to blood glucose control and
      prevention of ketosis. In the postoperative period, essentially normal blood
      glucose values were obtained despite high caloric parenteral nutrition.

PMID- 395074
TI  - Therapeutical application of artificial beta-cell in surgery and obstetrics.
AB  - An artificial beta-cell (Biostator) was used to control blood glucose
      concentration in six insulin-dependent diabetics who underwent surgical
      procedures and in five diabetic women during both vaginal childbirth and
      Caesarian section. In all cases, an optimal glycometabolic control was achieved
      before, during, and after surgery and delivery.

PMID- 395075
TI  - Use of an artificial endocrine pancreas in diabetic pregnancy.
AB  - Insulin demand of 12 pregnant diabetics has been investigated with an artificial
      endocrine pancreas. A rise in insulin requirement during pregnancy which can be
      attributed to the effort of reaching normoglycemia and to the effect of
      contrainsular hormones has also been observed by this objective method.
      Assessment of basal insulin demand during the night might be helpful in
      optimizing conventional therapy by using long-acting insulins for supplementing
      basal insulin need. According to our results, pregnancy complicated by diabetes
      can be foreseen as one of the main applications of a glucose-controlled insulin
      infusion system.

PMID- 395076
TI  - The use of the artificial pancreas in uremic diabetic patients.
AB  - Maintenance hemodialysis and renal transplantation are increasingly used for
      treating diabetic patients with end-stage renal failure. The use of the
      artificial pancreas is able to prevent large blood glucose fluctuations in these
      patients with atherosclerosis, advanced retinopathy or neuropathy in which hyper-
      and hypoglycemia are potentially deleterious. For this purpose, we have developed
      and are utilizing an artificial pancreas easily utilizable without special
      training by the staff of a dialysis unit. This artificial pancreas uses a
      polarographic glucose electrode with a fast response time (45 to 90 seconds), a
      terminal display for operator communication, and a continuous digital and
      analogyl display for control of the running operation. There is also a printer to
      display in tabular and graphical form the values at any time during the
      operation. In this preliminary study, 7 patients have been studied: five under
      repetitive hemodialysis for four hours, 3 times a week; one treated by peritoneal
      dialysis for 12 hours, twice a week and one controlled during, and 48 hours
      after, renal transplantation. The macroscopic pancreas normalizes blood glucose
      under these circumstances, helps in a better understanding of blood glucose
      homeostasis in uremic patients under dialysis, leads to a more precise evaluation
      of insulin needs, may help to improve the nutritional status of the patients, and
      has an educational value for the patient and the medical staff.

PMID- 395077
TI  - Continuous intravenous insulin therapy with a miniaturized open-loop system.
AB  - For the continuous intravenous application of insulin, a portable open-loop
      system was developed consisting of a delivery unit with a miniaturized pump and
      an insulin reservoir which is connected with an electronic control unit. The
      infusion rates were either preprogrammed or patient-controlled. Blood glucose
      control with both systems was tested in eight juvenile-type diabetics, among them
      two of the brittle type. Diabetic control during a 1-2-day pre-infusion period
      was compared with 2-3 days of continuous insulin infusion; as judged by the mean
      blood glucose value (MBG), the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), and
      glucosuria, all patients were significantly better controlled by the open-loop
      systems than by conventional therapy with subcutaneous insulin. The use of
      portable open-loop systems offers a promising approach to an improvement of
      metabolic control in insulin-requiring diabetics.

PMID- 395078
TI  - A portable, pre-programmable insulin infusion system in diabetes mellitus.
AB  - A miniaturized portable pump has been developed in order to study the effects of
      pre-programmed insulin infusion patterns on the blood glucose levels in juvenile
      onset, insulin-requiring diabetics. Six diabetics undergoing 7 insulin infusion
      periods of up to 4 days were studied. The mean blood glucose was 7.0 +/- 2.3 (SD)
      mmol/l and the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions was 5.0 +/- 1.4 mmol/l.
      Success in achieving normoglycemia will depend on choosing the correct dose of
      insulin for infusion.

PMID- 395079
TI  - Optimal blood sugar control in labile diabetics using a portable open-loop
      insulin infusion system with a flexible program.
AB  - 11 labile diabetics were well controlled after 2 days of an i.v., open-loop
      insulin infusion program consisting of constant, empirically determined, basal
      infusion rates (mean: 1.1 U/h) and superimposed rectangular one-hour insulin
      infusions between 2 and 8 U/h during the main meals. The steering unit switches
      automatically back to the basal infusion rate after one hour. An almost optimal
      blood sugar profile was already obtained on the third day of the infusion
      program. We believe that such a flexible, open-loop insulin infusion program
      would render long-term optimal blood sugar control in "labile" diabetics possible
      if the technological development ever allows implantation of the infusion pumps.

PMID- 395080
TI  - Significance of renormalization of blood glucose concentration in diabetes
      mellitus.

PMID- 395081
TI  - Clinical application of pre-programmed insulin infusion: continuous subcutaneous
      insulin therapy with a portable infusion system.
AB  - Strict control of blood glucose was achieved by continuous subcutaneous insulin
      infusion with a specially adapted Mill Hill Infuser for 3-4 days. This led to
      normalisation of some of the intermediary metabolites. In a few patients,
      subcutaneous infusions have been carried out for periods up to 3 months with home
      monitoring of blood glucose, without infection or lipodystrophy. Short-term
      improvement of metabolic control was associated with recovery of abnormal renal
      glomerular permeability to albumin.

PMID- 395082
TI  - Closed-loop system in evaluation of insulin infusion rates for an open-loop
      system.
AB  - The daily insulin requirements as calculated with a closed-loop system
      (Biostator), were used for insulin infusion with a portable, miniaturized pump in
      6 juvenile-onset, insulin-requiring diabetics. Three diabetics were given insulin
      in a manner like that of the Biostator, e.g., maximal insulin infusion about 1
      hour after start of meals. The MBG was 8.7 +/- 3.9 (SD) mmol/l. Three other
      diabetics had insulin in a fixed profile with peaks beginning simultaneously with
      meals. MBG of these patients was 4.4 +/- 1.9 mmol/l. Knowing the daily insulin
      dosage as calculated from the Biostator, normal blood glucose levels can be
      achieved with a fixed profile of insulin given by a portable pump.

PMID- 395083
TI  - Comparison of a perfusion syringe (Mill Hill Infusor) and a glucose-controlled
      insulin infusion system in the regulation of diabetes mellitus.
AB  - In a preliminary study, three unstable, juvenile diabetics were first connected
      to a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system (Biostator), and subsequently to
      a portable infusor (Mill Hill Infuser) for continuous subcutaneous insulin
      application. The levels of glucose and several other metabolites as well as the
      insulin requirement were compared. As a tentative conclusion, continuous
      subcutaneous application is recommended (1) for long-term therapy when several
      daily doses are required and (2) after metabolic compensation with a Biostator,
      but before conventional therapy.

PMID- 395084
TI  - The development of an implantable electrochemical glucose sensor: response to
      glucose in bovine serum ultrafiltrate.
AB  - A glucose sensor based on organic oxidation reactions at a platinum electrode is
      being developed as the key component for an implantable artificial beta cell for
      diabetic patients. Sensitivity of a membrane-covered platinum electrode to
      changing glucose concentration in bovine serum ultrafiltrate has been
      demonstrated, with current response as high as 60 microamperes per 100 mg/dl
      change in glucose concentration. Reproducibility of measurements probably will
      depend on satisfactory mechanical assembly of the membrane-electrode combination.
      An approach to selectivity based on multiple current measurements is suggested.

PMID- 395085
TI  - Development of an electrocatalytic glucose sensor.
AB  - For the determination of glucose in body fluids, the electrocatalytic sensor,
      besides the enzyme sensor, is quite suitable, particularly for long-term
      intracorporeal operation. The measuring response is disturbed by the fluctuating
      concentrations of the interfering substances that are simultaneously present in
      body fluids. However, the disturbance can essentially be controlled, as is shown
      in the case of amino acids. Their marked influence on glucose oxidation is
      suppressed at a membrane-covered sensor electrode by the use of a potential step
      method.

PMID- 395086
TI  - Control algorithms for artificial beta cell.
AB  - The evolution of control algorithms for closed-loop regulation of blood glucose
      levels is described. Because of the rapid response time of the BIOSTATOR Glucose
      Analyzer, a derivative algorithm can be applied to replace the previous
      generation of "predictor" algorithms for the calculation of dynamic insulin
      infusion rates.

PMID- 395087
TI  - Development of a closed-loop artificial pancreas.
AB  - A closed-loop glucose controlled insulin infusion system was developed,
      consisting of elements for continuous blood glucose analysis, a computer control
      system, and infusion systems. Improvements include decreased size, cost reduction
      and better performance. The algorithm used was a piecewise linear representation
      of the sigmoidal curve commonly employed. The apparatus has been applied to
      simulation of the healthy beta cell and glucose clamp studies.

PMID- 395088
TI  - Blood glucose monitoring and computer regulation by means of an artificial
      endocrine pancreas.
AB  - Extracorporeal blood glucose regulation has been implemented by a closed-loop
      system (artificial endocrine pancreas, "aep") of our own construct. Simple,
      highly flexible algorithms have been developed that allow smooth repair of a
      deranged glucose imbalance up to a period of 125 hours.

PMID- 395089
TI  - Technology of pre-programmable insulin delivery systems: continuous subcutaneous
      insulin infusion.
AB  - Dual-rate continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion was performed with a specially
      adapted Mill Hill Infuser. The infuser delivers 2 rates, a slow rate of ca. 50
      microliter/h and an eightfold higher rate, designed to cover the increased
      requirement during meals. The high rate is engaged by pressing a button on the
      side of the pump, and returns automatically to the basal level after 17 min.
      Insulin is delivered to the subcutaneous side by a nylon cannula.

PMID- 395090
TI  - An open-loop insulin delivery device for the control of experimental diabetes.
AB  - A new insulin delivery device has been developed and tested. It includes a
      reservoir, a pump, and a power pack. The reservoir holds 75 ml and is coupled to
      a precision peristaltic pump whose delivery can be set to any one of 128
      different flow rates from 0 to 80 microliter/min (+/- 1.6% over 10 months) using
      the flow rate controller included in the battery power pack. The system weighs
      525 g, consuming 50 mW at the maximum pumping rate, proportionately less at lower
      rates. Ten pumps have undergone bench tests for 30 days. One has been subjected
      to an extended life test of 16 months without change of tubing while seven
      complete systems have been used on dogs to demonstrate their capability for
      precise long-term (up to 16 months) intravenous insulin therapy. With this
      system, experimental diabetes has been controlled in 7 dogs for periods now
      extending beyond 16 months. This device now qualifies for-long term studies on
      hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 395092
TI  - A portable, Preprogrammable insulin infusion system with 16 rates.
AB  - An external, portable, programmable pump has been developed for long-term
      therapeutic i.v. insusion of drugs. The impulse-controlled system consists of a
      250 g CMOS-electronic unit and an electromechanical infusor (200 g) containing a
      10 ml disposable syringe. The infusion pattern during the 24-h cycle is manually
      programmed in 16 steps from 24 to 384 microliter per 0.5 h. The coefficient of
      variation of the infusate is less than 2% per 0.5 h. An alarm circuit monitors
      the pump speed and the reservoir volume. The infusion system can operate
      continuously for 7 days with a 1 Ah, 5.4 volt battery.

PMID- 395091
TI  - Technological problems of miniaturized insulin dosing devices and some approaches
      to clinical trials.
AB  - With the long-term goal of developing implantable insulin dosing devices, we have
      since 1971 developed various types of programme-controlled units for clinical
      research. In the initial stage, a 24-hour, fixed-programme bed-side device has
      been in clinical use since 1973. The good results with even labile diabetics has
      supplied the basis for the further development of sensorless units. Via
      intermediate stages, two types of miniaturized portable devices were constructed:
      fixed-programme and demand-programme devices. The essential equipment components
      have been optimized with a view to later implantability: hermetically sealed
      capsule for the dosing device, refilling membrane for the insulin reservoir,
      bubble-free drawing off of the insulin via a wick from a collapsible silicone
      reservoir, the stepping motor-driven roller pump of approx. 9 cm3 volume, an
      energy consumption of about 50 mu W, and electronic safety and alarm circuits.
      Because of stability problems of the insulin, the neutral insulin U-1000 used
      initially was changed to acid insulin U-100 (both from Hoechst).

PMID- 395093
TI  - Insulin responses to mixed meals: comparison of an artificial beta cell and
      normal beta cells.
AB  - The peripheral glucose and free insulin levels seen following a mixed meal in six
      insulin-dependent diabetic patients whose insulin was administered by a glucose
      controlled insulin infusion system (GCIIS) were compared to those of normal
      subjects who received the same mixed meal or who were given separately
      carbohydrate, protein, or fat in amounts equivalent to those contained in the
      mixed meal. Patients treated with the GCIIS achieved nearly normal glucose levels
      immediately after the mixed meal, but this was accompanied by marked
      hyperinsulinemia. In the period from 120 to 240 minutes after the start of the
      mixed meal, the GCIIS duplicates the insulin levels produced by the normal
      pancreas after a glucose meal and, with appropriate algorithm constants, closely
      approximates those seen after a mixed meal.

PMID- 395094
TI  - Influence of insulin infusion kinetics of an artificial beta cell on blood
      glucose control in insulin-dependent diabetics.
AB  - The influence of different control modes for insulin infusion with an artificial
      beta cell was examined in 41 insulin-dependent diabetics. In 21 Patients, oral
      glucose tolerance tests were performed with control modes characterized either by
      low dynamic and high static gain (type I, 10 patients) or high dynamic and low
      static gain (type III, 11 patients). The change from type I to type III control
      mode effected an increase of initial insulin infusion rates (91 +/- 59 to 313 +/-
      81 mU/min 10-20 min after glucose ingestion) and a decrease of infusion rates
      during the following phase of the 3-hour observation period (28.2 +/- 4.2 to 18.1
      +/- 2.8 U) in patients whose blood glucose curves were completely normalized.
      Suppression of plasma glucagon levels, observed in 5 healthy control subjects,
      was not fully restored to normal in these patients. In another 20 insulin
      dependent diabetics, daily insulin requirements form the artificial beta cell
      were determined by employing two control modes (types II and III) comparable in
      static control but different in dynamic control. Gain of dynamic control,
      especially in the range of falling glucose levels, was higher in type III control
      mode (15 patients) than in type II mode (5 patients). These insulin requirements
      were compared to the insulin doses necessary for subcutaneous treatment. While
      intravenous insulin requirements were much higher when type II control mode was
      employed (78.2 +/- 10.2%), during application of type III mode, intravenous
      insulin requirements were only 10.8 +/- 5.5% higher than subcutaneous doses. We
      conclude from these data that early increases in insulin infusion rates followed
      by a rapid decrease seem to reduce insulin requirements after glucose ingestion.
      A high-gain dynamic control is the basis for this insulin infusion profile.

PMID- 395095
TI  - Variation induced by a three-days application of the artificial beta-cell on
      glucagon, growth hormone and catecholamine secretion, glycosylated hemoglobin,
      and erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration.
AB  - Five insulin-dependent diabetics with poor metabolic control were examined at the
      beginning and after a three-day application of artificial endocrine pancreas
      (AEP). Pancreatic alpha cell function evaluated by arginine infusion (0.5 g/Kg
      b.w. over 30 minutes) showed no significant differences between the beginning and
      during artificial beta cell aplication, but the increment in plasma glucagon
      level over basal values observed in both tests appeared significantly higher at
      30 and 60 min in comparison with a control group. Growth hormone response to
      arginine infusion was clearly reduced in the second test. C-peptide concentration
      appeared very low in basal conditions and during arginine infusion; no
      improvement was observed after three days of AEP application. Urinary excretion
      of norepinephrine markedly increased at the beginning of the study, reversed
      almost to normal during AEP treatment, while minor changes were observed in
      urinary excretion of epinephrine. The Concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin,
      markedly higher than normally before the connection with AEP, showed a slight but
      significant decrease during glucose-controlled insulin infusion. Finally, 2,3
      diphosphoglycerate was normal and no modifications were observed in the course of
      the study.

PMID- 395096
TI  - Metabolic studies during normoglycaemic clamping of insulin-dependent diabetics
      using a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system.
AB  - Metabolic rhythms have been studied in six insulin-dependent diabetics during
      subcutaneous insulin therapy, and during control of blood glucose concentration
      by a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system (GCIIS). In none of the subjects
      was blood glucose concentration consistently within the normal range during
      subcutaneous insulin therapy. In contrast, blood glucose concentration was within
      the normal range after 3.5 h of insulin delivery by the glucose-controlled
      insulin infusion system and remained in the normal range for the following 8 h
      through lunch and dinner. Mean blood glucose concentration during this time
      ranged from 5.31 to 7.90 mM. Following normalisation of blood glucose
      concentration, blood lactate and pyruvate were similar with both the GCIIS and
      subcutaneous insulin therapy. Post-prandial lactate peaks were delayed with the
      GCIIS. Alanine levels were consistently higher during control with the GCIIS
      compared with subcutaneous therapy, while blood ketone body and plasma NEFA
      levels were lower, and the premeal peaks in the lipid metabolites were delayed.
      It is not possible to conclude that attainment of normoglycaemia with the present
      generation of glucose-controlled insulin infusion systems in insulin-dependent
      diabetics is accompanied by total normalisation of intermediary metabolism.

PMID- 395097
TI  - The effect of three days of blood glucose normalization by means of an
      "artificial endocrine pancreas" on the concentrations of growth hormone,
      glucagon, and cortisol in juvenile diabetics.
AB  - Glucagon, growth hormone, and cortisol secretion was studied in seven male
      insulin-dependent diabetics under conventional subcutaneous insulin therapy and
      after three days of blood glucose normalization attained by the artificial
      endocrine pancreas (Biostator-GCIIS). The diurnal hormonal profiles under the two
      types of therapy were compared. Six healthy male students served as control
      group. A three-day period of blood glucose normalization in insulin-dependent
      diabetic can restore glucagon secretion to normal. Growth hormone secretion is
      decreased but not completely normalised. Cortisol secretion is slightly
      decreased. It is concluded that prolonged normoglycemia achieved by means of an
      artificial endocrine pancreas may completely control endocrine abnormalities in
      insulin-dependent diabetics.

PMID- 395098
TI  - Feedback inhibition of insulin in healthy and overweight subjects studied by use
      of an artificial endocrine pancreas.
AB  - Insulin self-inhibition is still a controversial subject. The majority of data is
      in favour of an inhibition; however, whether this mechanism is of physiologic
      relevance in the regulation of insulin secretion is open to discussion. We
      examined the effect of exogenous insulin on beta cell secretion in 16 volunteers,
      including 3 who were overweight. Blood glucose (BG) was clamped by means of the
      dextrose infusion unit of the artificial beta cell, and the secretion of the
      pancreatic beta cell was monitored by immunomeasureable C-peptide (IMCP) before,
      during, and after infusion of insulin. The subjects were divided into 3
      experimental groups. The inhibition of the basal insulin secretion was examined
      in group I by clamping BG at the fasting level. The inhibition of the glucose
      stimulated insulin secretion was examined in group II by clamping BG at a raised
      level. The stimulation of insulin secretion by glucose during insulin infusion
      was examined in group III by stepwise BG rises from the fasting level. An
      inhibition of the basal insulin secretion was observed in all volunteers examined
      according to the protocol for group I (n = 9, including 3 overweight volunteers).
      The lowest insulin infusion rate applied was 1.75 U/h. An inhibition occurred at
      this low infusion rate corresponding to 44 mu U immunomeasurable insulin (IMI)
      per ml of serum. However the inhibition was impaired in the overweight
      participants, who, in addition, were the only ones showing a rebound rise of IMCP
      after stopping the insulin infusion. An inhibiting effect of exogenous insulin
      appeared as likely in only 1 of 5 participants examined according to the protocol
      for group II. Sudden rises of BG abolished the inhibition, while a total or
      partial inhibition was found at a constantly raised BG level in both participants
      examined according to protocol III. We conclude that exogenous insulin inhibits
      beta cell secretion, depending on the BG level, the mode of glucose stimulation,
      and the time relation between glucose and insulin application. Physiologically
      occuring IMI levels in peripheral serum were sufficient to cause an inhibition. A
      disturbance of the negative feedback inhibition of insulin should be discussed as
      a pathogenetic factor of adipositas.

PMID- 395100
TI  - Thalamocortical projections and genesis of synchronous spindle activity in the
      EEG.

PMID- 395099
TI  - Human alcohol dehydrogenase ADH2 and ADH3 polymorphisms in ethnic Chinese and
      Indians of West Malaysia.
AB  - Human alcohol dehydrogenase ADH2 and ADH3 were investigated in liver and stomach
      specimens of Chinese and Indians from West Malaysia. Eight-nine percent of the
      Chinese carry the atypical ADH2 type, a proportion very similar to that reported
      in Japanese. However, among 43 Indian specimens there was not a single case of
      atypical ADH2. In Indians, the gene frequency of ADH13 is 0.64 and of ADH23 0.36,
      similar to the frequencies in Caucasians, whereas in Chinese, the gene frequency
      for ADH13 and ADH23 is 0.91 and 0.09, respectively. We also report some unusual
      enzymatic characteristics in the course of our study.

PMID- 395101
TI  - Use of logarithmic transformation of parameters to assess activity of a self
      regulating system (with special reference to the glucose-insulin system).

PMID- 395102
TI  - Characteristics of subpopulations of T- and B-lymphocytes in healthy human
      peripheral blood.

PMID- 395104
TI  - Electron microscopy of colicinogenic plasmid E1 (Col E1) DNA.

PMID- 395103
TI  - Tapping culture--an improved method for cell suspension culture.
AB  - A new culture vessel was designed for cell suspension culture. A silicone-covered
      magnet bar fixed by one end to the side wall of the bottle was held horizontally
      a short distance from the bottom. A standard type magnetic stirrer was used. In
      contrast to the conventional horizontal movement of "stirring" in cultures the
      bar moves vertically with a "tapping" motion. This improvement resulted in less
      cell injury, higher rate of cell proliferation and formation of fewer bubbles
      than in the conventional type. Nine cell types were simultaneously cultivated in
      tapping, stirring and stationary culture. All cell types proliferated more
      luxuriously in tapping cultures then in stirring cultures. Serial cultivation of
      cells in tapping cultures was also successful.

PMID- 395105
TI  - Effect of cell division inhibitors on polyclonal activation can vary according to
      the target cell used.
AB  - The effects of inhibitors of cell division on polyclonal stimulation induced
      either by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or by a synthetic adjuvant, MDP,
      were compared, using different target cells. Doses of colchicine that prevented
      3H-thymidine incorporation also prevented the induction of antibodies against TNP
      and against an altered self antigen: bromelain-treated mouse red blood cells (br
      MRBC). Under identical conditions, incubation with cytosine arabinoside (CA)
      strongly prevented the induction of anti-TNP PFC and to a lesser degree anti-SRBC
      PFC. However, the number of anti br-MRBC PFC was unchanged even when a dose of CA
      which inhibits totally the incorporation of 3H-thymidine was used. Our findings
      indicate that the general term "polyclonal stimulation" may concern at least two
      different types of cell populations and therefore we strongly stress the
      importance of choosing similar targets in comparative experiments.

PMID- 395107
TI  - The application of antibody coated polyacrylamide gel (immunobead) in the NBT
      test for the detection of ingestion and killing functions of human neutrophils.
AB  - An improved assay for the simultaneous assessment of phagocytic uptake (via
      immunobeads) and metabolic integrity (via NBT dye reduction) in neutrophils is
      described. Normal human neutrophils exhibited ingestion and dye reduction,
      whereas neutrophils from newborn cord blood showed ingestion with slight
      reduction and neutrophils from patients with chronic granulomatous disease
      displayed hyper-ingestion and no subsequent dye reduction.

PMID- 395106
TI  - Separation of mouse T cell subsets by a fluorescent activated cell sorter using
      fluorescence-labeled peanut agglutinin.
AB  - Nylon non-adherent spleen T cells obtained from concanavalin A-injected mice were
      labeled with fluorescein-labeled peanut agglutinin and separated into peanut
      agglutinin-positive (PNA+) cells and peanut agglutinin-negative (PNA-) cells by a
      fluorescent activated cell sorter. PNA+ cells were found to exert marked
      suppressive effect on primary anti-sheep red blood cells antibody response, but
      PNA- cells did not affect the antibody response. From these results and from the
      sugar-binding specificity of PNA, suppressor T cells are supposed to possess
      abundant galactosyl residues exposed on the cell surface, which are not masked by
      sialyl residues.

PMID- 395108
TI  - Partial suppression of malaria parasites in Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi
      doubly infected with Nosema algerae and Plasmodium.

PMID- 395109
TI  - An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of anti-sperm antibodies.

PMID- 395110
TI  - R-plasmid linked lactose fermentation in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PMID- 395111
TI  - Renal microvascular thrombosis with cortical necrosis in haemolytic uraemic
      syndrome in association with acute infectious colitis.

PMID- 395113
TI  - Journal articles on rehabilitation research.

PMID- 395112
TI  - Some observations of chronic diarrhoea--laboratory, radiological and histological
      study (Part II).

PMID- 395114
TI  - Epidemiology in health care planning.

PMID- 395115
TI  - Dietetic treatment of obesity with low and high-carbohydrate diets: comparative
      studies and clinical results.
AB  - In spite of numerous studies in the literature, it is still questionable as to
      whether the isocaloric exchange of carbohydrate and fat, in the form of a diet,
      leads to different degrees of weight loss. In comparative studies, obese patients
      given a low-carbohydrate (4.14 MJ [1000 kcal]) formula diet (diet Ia) lost 14.0
      +/- 1.4 kg and those given an iso-energetic high-carbohydrate diet (diet Ib) 9.8
      +/- 0.9 kg. The degree of weight loss was significantly different. Daily weight
      losses were 362 g and 298 g respectively. Comparative studies of high and low
      carbohydrate (7.83 MJ [1900 kcal]) formula diets (diets IIa and b) with a greater
      number of calories did not show any significant difference. However, there was a
      greater mean weight loss with the low-carbohydrate diet (351 g/day) compared with
      that under the high-carbohydrate diet (296 g/day). Evaluation of 117 patients
      treated with formula diets resulted in a weight loss of over 9 kg in 102 obese
      patients and over 18 kg in 52 patients. The good response to the low-carbohydrate
      diet was partly responsible for the successful therapy.

PMID- 395116
TI  - Outpatient treatments of obesity: a comparison of methodology and clinical
      results.
AB  - To provide a quantitative comparison of outpatient treatments for obesity, an
      analysis was made of all such research published between 1966 and 1977. All
      articles which presented  data for five or more healthy outpatients were
      included. Conclusions were: (1) there has been little improvement in the clinical
      effectiveness of weight reduction therapy since Stunkard & McLaren-Hume's (1959)
      review; (2) weight losses produced by different methods, from behavior therapy to
      anorectic medication, are very much the same; (3) the in-treatment results of
      diet therapies are the largest of those reviewed and deserve further attention;
      (4) behavior therapy produces the best maintenance of weight losses, although
      data from other types of therapy are very scanty; and (5) techniques for
      motivating clients to adhere to treatment recommendations are needed for
      improvement in the future. Recommendations for improving the methodology of
      weight-control research are also presented.

PMID- 395117
TI  - Rapid separation of proteins and their higher-molecular fragments by means of
      Spheron ion-exchanges.
AB  - Ion-exchange derivatives are described. of a hydrophilic rigid macroporous
      glycolmethacrylate gel called Spheron, suitable for rapid high-performance liquid
      chromatography (HPLC) of proteins and their fragments. Their flow parameters are
      compared with those of ion exchange derivatives of cellulose and polydextran. The
      conditions for work with them are described (regeneration, cycling,
      equilibration, column packing) as well as the construction of a simple apparatus
      for medium-pressure ion exchange chromatography of proteins. The efficiency of
      these ion exchangers for the separation of proteins is illustrated with examples
      of chromatography of an artificial mixture of serum albumin, chymotrypsinogen and
      lysozyme. Chromatography of cyanogen bromide fragments of serum albumin and the A
      and B chains of oxidized insulin showed that the method can be applied in
      chromatography on higher molecular protein fragments. A review of all proteins,
      including technical enzymes, which have already been chromatographed on Spheron
      ion exchangers is also given. The prospects of Spheron ion exchangers for HPLC of
      proteins and their fragments are briefly discussed.

PMID- 395118
TI  - Chemical synthesis of [des(tetrapeptide B27--30), Tyr(NH2)26-B] and
      [des(pentapeptide B26--30), Phe(NH2)25-B] bovine insulins.
AB  - Two analogs of bovine insulin, [des(tetrapeptide B27--30), Tyr(NH2)26-B] and
      [des(pentapeptide B26--30), Phe(NH2)25-B] insulin, which differ from the parent
      molecule in that the C-terminal tetrapeptide and pentapeptide sequences,
      respectively, from the B chain have been eliminated and the newly exposed
      residues are amidated, have been synthesized. The [des(tetrapeptide B27--30),
      Tyr(NH2)26-B] insulin shows potencies of 16.8 IU/mg by the mouse convulsion assay
      method and 10.8 IU/mg by the radioimmunoassay method. The [des(pentapeptide B26-
      30), Phe(NH2)25-B] insulin possesses a potency of 10.5 IU/mg when assayed by the
      mouse convulsion method and 14 IU/mg by the radioimmunoassay technique. The
      potencies of these analogs are higher than the potencies of the respective non
      amidated derivatives (Katsoyannis et al., 1973, 1974). It is speculated that the
      gradual decline of biological activity observed as amino acid residues are
      eliminated from the C-terminal region of the B chain of insulin is due to the
      proximity of a hydrophilic carboxyl group to the hydrophobic core of the protein
      molecule.

PMID- 395119
TI  - Short in vitro half-life of thymopoietin32--36 pentapeptide in human plasma.
AB  - Thymopoietin32--36 (TP5) is a synthetic pentapeptide that has the biological
      activity of its parent molecule, the 49 amino acid thymic hormone thymopoietin.
      Tritiated thymopoietin32--36 (3 /-TP5) was prepared by reductive tritiation of
      dibromotyrosyl-TP5. The stability of 3 H-TP5 in human plasma was studied by
      analyzing samples by thin-layer chromatography at different time points and
      quantitating the radioactivity associated with TP5 (Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr) and its
      tyrosyl-containing breakdown products (Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr, Asp-Val-Tyr, Val-Tyr,
      Tyr). In plasma (but not in saline) the pentapeptide was rapidly degraded
      (apparent t1/2 approximately 30 seconds) with the corresponding appearance of
      radioactivity associated with the other tyrosyl-containing reference compounds.
      These data imply that the pentapeptide, which is active in vivo, may rapidly
      trigger changes in responsive cells; sustained circulating levels may not be
      required for activity.

PMID- 395120
TI  - Standardized echography: basic principles, clinical applications, and results.

PMID- 395121
TI  - Practical physics and electronics of ultrasound.

PMID- 395122
TI  - Development and orientation of ophthalmic ultrasonography.

PMID- 395123
TI  - Use of hepatic cell cultures to detect and evaluate the mechanisms of action of
      toxic chemicals.

PMID- 395124
TI  - Soviet literature on the nervous system and psychobiology of Cetacea.

PMID- 395125
TI  - John B. Murphy - early American orthopaedic surgeon.

PMID- 395128
TI  - Double-blind study of prochlorperazine, chlordiazepoxide and placebo in
      psychoneurotic outpatients with dominant symptoms of anxiety.
AB  - This was a double-blind study designed to compare 'Compazine', Librium and
      placebo in a psychoneurotic outpatient population with dominant symptoms of
      anxiety. The patient participants were accepted for the study when their pre
      treatment symptoms of anxiety met a minimum or greater score on the Hamilton
      Anxiety Rating Scale. The study interval was 4 weeks. Patient psychopathology was
      rated by the treating physician on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, the New
      Physician Rating List and Global Evaluation. Patients completed the Self-Rating
      Symptom Scale and the Profile of Mood States. All efficacy criteria ranked the
      study medications in the same order. Prochloroperazine was most effective,
      chlordiazepoxide was also active and placebo was least effective. There are
      statistically significant active medication versus placebo comparisons supporting
      desirable drug action. Chlordiazepoxide versus placebo comparisons approached
      statistical significance for all efficacy criteria.

PMID- 395126
TI  - Description and interpretation of morphological changes in canine kidneys after
      preservation with hypothermic solutions and subsequent reperfusion.
AB  - The morphological appearance of canine kidneys preserved with hypothermic
      solutions of three different types (Rheomacrodex, Collins 3 and Sacks-II) was
      studied in acute autologous reperfusion models. While at the end of preservation
      the renal structure still seemed intact (with the exception of the Rheomacrodex
      model), reperfusion was associated with the manifestation of hitherto latent
      structural lesions. This is confirmed by light-microscopic features (hydropic
      swelling and destruction of the tubular epithelium), enzyme histochemical studies
      (positive alkaline phosphatase reaction of the Bowman space) and topo-optical
      reactions (loss of anisotropy of the cytomembranes in the presence of fairly well
      preserved birefringence of the basement membranes).

PMID- 395127
TI  - Herpes zoster and acute rejection crisis of renal homograft.
AB  - The case of a patient developing acute rejection crisis 8 months after
      transplantation in the prodromal stage of a herpes zoster infection is reported.
      The joint therapeutic measures resulted in suppression of rejection and control
      of the infection. Complications did not occur. The case suggests a definite
      association between the viral infection and acute homograft rejection. The case
      report is followed by a critical review of the pertinent literature.

PMID- 395129
TI  - A double-blind trial with amitriptyline and lofepramine in the treatment of
      endogenous depression.
AB  - A double-blind trial was undertaken to compare the antidepressant efficacy and
      the side effects of Lofepramine with those of Amitriptyline in the treatment of
      endogenous depression. The study involves 22 acutely ill endogenously depressive
      patients. 11 patients were treated with Lofepramine and the remaining 11 with
      Amitriptyline. The results demonstrate that both substances are effective in the
      treatment of depression. However, the therapeutical efficacy of Lofepramine is
      significantly greater than that of Amitriptyline. Furthermore, the tolerance of
      Lofepramine is better than that of Amitriptyline, and the side effects of
      Amitriptyline, especially in blood pressure dysregulation, are greater than those
      of Lofepramine.

PMID- 395131
TI  - Development of the vertebrate cornea.

PMID- 395130
TI  - The cytology of salivary glands.

PMID- 395132
TI  - Cortical granules of mammalian eggs.

PMID- 395133
TI  - Microtubules in cultured cells; indirect immunofluorescent staining with tubulin
      antibody.

PMID- 395134
TI  - [Biochemistry of elastin].
AB  - The recent findings on the composition and synthesis of elastin are presented.
      Particular attention is paid to the various specific cross-links and to their
      formation from lysine residues in the polypeptide chains.

PMID- 395135
TI  - [Surgical therapy of Brocq's pseudopelade].

PMID- 395136
TI  - [Gunter W. Korting on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 395137
TI  - [ENT considerations of head and facial pain (author's transl)].
AB  - To the otolaryngologist, there are multiple causes for head or facial pain:
      headaches due to ear diseases; idiopathic neuralgias; "referred otalgia"
      involving cranial nerves V, IX, X; temporomandibular joint dysfunction;
      rhinological pathologies, including post-traumatic trigeminal neuralgia; "facial
      sympathalgias"; the styloid process syndrome; and cervical spine problems. Less
      known causes of head and neck pain are stressed, and emphasis placed on their
      diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 395138
TI  - Cyclophosphamide/X-ray: combined mode preparation for transplantation therapy.

PMID- 395140
TI  - A long lasting proliferative defect in the hematopoietic stem cell compartment
      following cytotoxic agents.

PMID- 395141
TI  - Comparative therapeutic trial of radiation with or without chemotherapy in
      pancreatic carcinoma. Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group.

PMID- 395139
TI  - The effect of BCNU combined with total body irradiation or cyclophosphamide on
      survival of dogs after autologous marrow grafts.

PMID- 395142
TI  - Sublobar atelectasis and regional pulmonary blood flow.
AB  - We studied the effects of sublobar atelectasis on regional blood flow in
      anesthetized paralyzed pigs. Following the washout of nitrogen from the lung with
      oxygen, a sublobar airway was obstructed and a peripheral segment of lung allowed
      to collapse. Blood flow to the atelectatic region fell from a control of 140.0 +/
      20.5 to 16.6 +/- 2.9 ml/(min . g). Basilar regions that became atelectatic
      spontaneously during the course of the studies had similar decreases in blood
      flow. Inflation of the surrounding lung by the application of positive end
      expiratory pressure failed to increase blood flow and vascular conductance within
      the atelectatic regions. These results indicate that mechanical and hypoxic
      effects on vessels perfusing sublobar atelectatic regions limit the effects of
      interdependence from the surrounding lung. Furthermore, with inflation of the
      surrounding lung, increases in pulmonary shunting of blood are small.

PMID- 395143
TI  - Lack of intracellular bubble formation in microorganisms at very high gas
      supersaturations.
AB  - Eucaryotic unicellular (a yeast, a cellular slime mold, and various protozoans)
      and two multicellular (aschelminths) microorganisms were saturated with gas at
      high pressures and rapidly decompressed. No effect was observed with pressures of
      argon up to 125 atm, nitrogen up to 175 atm, and helium up to 350 atm, showing
      that the induced gas supersaturations did not cause intracellular bubbles to
      form. With 25--50 atm higher gas pressures, the decompression usually produced
      killing and cell rupture, although differences in tolerances existed among the
      various organisms. Substantial fractions of the populations survived gas
      supersaturations well above the threshold values for massive spontaneous
      nucleation of bubbles in the water. When killing occurred, external rather than
      internal bubbles appeared to be the cause. Even with the 300 atm argon or
      nitrogen pressures, yeast cells were unaffected, apparently because of the
      external protection provided by their cell wall. It is concluded that the gas
      supersaturations required for intracellular formation of bubbles generally are at
      least equal to and probably higher than the bubble nucleation thresholds for
      water or aqueous solutions.

PMID- 395144
TI  - Fine structure of gonadotrophs and prolactin producing cells in the rat pars
      distalis in organ culture.
AB  - A technique is described which permits the maintenance for up to 8 days in organ
      culture of explanted rat pituitary glands. Electron microscope studies showed
      that the cultured glands (whether treated with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone
      (GnRH) or not) were almost identical to controls in appearance, although the
      stellate (follicular) cells seemingly were eliminated in vitro. Gonadotrophs and
      prolactin-secreting cells in male and female pituitary glands were similar in
      appearance both in vivo and in vitro to comparable cells described by other
      authors. There was some evidence for an increase in the secretory activity of
      these cell types (particularly gonadotrophs) when the explants were treated with
      GnRH. The present technique thus provides a suitable and valid 'model' with which
      to study the effects of GnRH and steroid hormones on the release and synthesis of
      FSH and LH in vitro.

PMID- 395145
TI  - [Experimental transmission of M. leprae in mice treated with anti-lymphocyte
      serum (author's transl)].

PMID- 395146
TI  - [Expermental transmission of M. leprae into the testes of mice born from 60Co
      irradiated pregnant mice].

PMID- 395148
TI  - A comparative clinical trial of tetroxoprim/sulphadiazine and ampicillin in the
      treatment of purulent bronchial infections.

PMID- 395147
TI  - Open and comparative treatment studies with tetroxoprim/sulphadiazine
      combinations in urinary infections (1975--1979).

PMID- 395149
TI  - Co-trimoxazole for the treatment of serious infections.

PMID- 395150
TI  - A short-term study of tetroxoprim/sulphadiazine in the treatment of acute
      bronchitis and urinary tract infections.

PMID- 395151
TI  - Advances in therapy with antibacterial folate inhibitors: summary.

PMID- 395152
TI  - The development of the diaminopyrimidines.

PMID- 395153
TI  - Relevance of in vitro synergy to therapy: does synergy between diaminopyrimidines
      and sulphonamides operate at concentrations achievable in urine?

PMID- 395154
TI  - Immunoassays for antibiotics.

PMID- 395155
TI  - Comparison of cefotiam and cefazolin activity against Gram-negative bacilli.

PMID- 395156
TI  - Effect of clavulanic acid and amoxycillin formulation against beta-lactamase
      producing Gram-negative bacteria in urinary tract infections.

PMID- 395157
TI  - Klebsiella pneumoniae: in vitro antibacterial activity of cefoxitin and amikacin,
      alone and in combination.

PMID- 395158
TI  - Genotypic characterization and clinical evaluation of an influenza A/Texas/1/77
      (H3N2)-like recombinant: RIT 4199.
AB  - The RIT 4199 (H3N2) strain was obtained by recombination of PR/8/34 (H0N1) and
      A/Alaska/5/77 (H3N2) isolates. Its genetic composition was determined by RNA-RNA
      hybridization and by identification by gel electrophoresis of the double-standard
      RNA formed. The RIT 4199 was inoculated intranasally to 27 seronegative
      volunteers at a dose of 10(7.3)EID50. The results show that it is suitable for
      live vaccine strain.

PMID- 395159
TI  - Stability of influenza A/New Jersey/8/76 (HSW1N1) vaccines.

PMID- 395160
TI  - Contraception in adolescence--a review of the literature.

PMID- 395161
TI  - Injected histone antibodies interfere with transcription of lampbrush chromosome
      loops in oocytes of Pleurodeles.
AB  - Antibodies to calf thymus histone H2B were purified by chromatography on DEAE
      cellulose and injected into oocyte nuclei of Pleurodeles waltlii. As shown by
      indirect immunofluorescence these antibodies cross-reacted strongly with
      corresponding histones associated with lampbrush chromosomes. Shortly after
      injection the lateral loops of the chromosomes retracted into the chromomeres and
      by 3 h postinjection the 'lampbrush' appearance was completely lost and the
      chromosomes appeared in light-microscopic preparations as rod-like structures
      consisting of longitudinally coalesced chromomeres. In control oocytes injected
      with non-immune immunoglobulins or antibodies against a ubiquitous transcript
      associated protein no morphological alterations of the lampbrush chromosomes
      could be observed. Electron microscopic spreads of chromosomes prepared at
      various times after injection of anti-H2B revealed a progressive loss of
      transcriptional complexes from the loop axes.  Finally, higher-order chromatin
      configurations, like supranucleosomal globules ('superbeads') or cable-like
      chromatin strands 50-60 nm thick predominated, indicating complete
      transcriptional inactivation of all chromosomal regions. The results indicate
      that H2B antibodies react specifically with histones associated with the
      transcribed DNA of lateral loops in their native state. The resulting antigen
      antibody complexes seem to inhibit progression of the RNA polymerases along the
      template, thus causing the premature release of transcripts, a process analogous
      to the stripping effect of actinomycin D. The demonstration of histones
      associated with heavily transcribed regions, which are not compacted into
      nucleosomes but largely extended, supports the current concept that unfolding of
      nucleosomes to allow transcription of the DNA does not involve dissociation of
      histones. In contrast, amplified ribosomal RNA genes are unaffected by injected
      H2B antibodies. This does not necessarily indicate absence of histones from
      nucleolar chromatin, since we do not know whether it is accessible in vivo to
      antibodies or whether the histone antigenic determinants are masked by the
      presence of other proteins. The technique of injecting specific antibodies should
      be widely applicable when analysing the in vivo distribution of chromosomal
      components at the electron-microscopic level and when studying complex metabolic
      processes, like the cleavage and modification of RNA, by selective inhibition of
      defined enzymic steps.

PMID- 395162
TI  - Induction of G1- cells at high frequency.
AB  - Experimental conditions are reported on the induction of G1- cells at high
      frequency by ultraviolet irradiation of temperature-sensitive cells arrested in
      G1 phase at the restricted temperature. Neither the wild type cells of Balb/C-3T3
      nor the temperature-sensitive derivative of tsA83 grown at the permissive
      temperature could be 'mutated' under similar conditions. One such 'mutant' (RI8)
      was 'inducible' from a G1+ phenotype at 33 degrees C to G1- state at 38 degrees C
      within one cell generation time. The 'inducible' property of RI8 from G1+ to G1-
      lends support to the theory that the duration of the G1+ phenotype is determined
      by the level of precursors for DNA synthesis. Since the G1- variants were
      isolated from revertants, the frequency of 'mutagenesis' appeared to be
      artifically high.

PMID- 395163
TI  - High-pressure liquid chromatography of steroids.
AB  - After a brief discussion of the merits and limitations of high-pressure liquid
      chromatography (HPLC) relative to other chromatographic methods, special problems
      in the application to steroids are discussed. Publications on HPLC of steroids
      are then discussed under the headings of individual classes, arranged generally
      in the order of increasing polarity.

PMID- 395165
TI  - Applications of chromatography in the standardization and control of biological
      products.
AB  - The problems posed in the standardization of medicinal biological products and in
      the development of official specifications for such products, e.g., in
      pharmacopoeias, are outlined. Information derived from bioassay can be extended
      and complemented by that from physico-chemical studies. The role of
      chromatography, including gas--liquid, thin-layer and column methods, is assessed
      and illustrated with examples from the literature and from the author's studies
      on antibiotics and polypeptide hormones.

PMID- 395164
TI  - Protein purification using immobilised triazine dyes.
AB  - This review attempts to identify proteins which selectively interact with
      immobilised triazine dyes such as Cibacron blue F3GA and Procion red HE 3B.
      Different support matrices are compared by examining the capacities of these dyes
      for proteins. Various approaches to the immobilisation of triazine dyes are
      considered together with the use of spacers. Some theories of the mechanism of
      protein retardation by immobilised dyes are discussed. A number of methods are
      suggested for the measurement of dye concentrations and for the modification of
      the binding of proteins to dye columns. The variety of elution methods is
      compared with a view to optimizing purifications. The scope of applications is
      reviewed as well as the choice of dye. Some advantages of triazine dyes over
      other affinity ligands are given. It is concluded that although no satisfactory
      mechanism for the binding of triazine dyes to proteins has yet been proposed,
      these dyes possess considerable potential for protein purification, particularly
      when applied on the large scale.

PMID- 395166
TI  - Detection of 5-amino-4-imidazole-N-succinocarboxamide ribotide and hypoxanthine
      accumulation. A simple method for identification of some purine auxotrophs.

PMID- 395167
TI  - Detection of anaerobic wound infection by analysis of pus swabs for volatile
      fatty acids by gas-liquid chromatography.
AB  - Swabs were able to absorb enough extractable volatile fatty acids from broth
      cultures of anaerobic organisms for detection and analysis by gas-liquid
      chromatography (GLC). Similarly, volatile fatty acids were often detected in
      swabs dipped into liquid pus. Fifty-three liquid pus specimens were then
      investigated fully to determine if GLC analysis of swab samples gave the same
      result as microbial culture of the specimens and GLC analysis of the liquid pus.
      Anaerobic bacteria failed to grow from 36 and volatile fatty acids were not
      extracted from swabs of 31 of these pus samples but were extracted from swabs of
      five. Anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 17 of the specimens, and in 15,
      volatile fatty acids were also detected in the swab samples; in two, volatile
      fatty acids were absent from both swab samples and liquid pus. In this study,
      results by culture and GLC analysis of swabs were similar in 87% of specimens.

PMID- 395168
TI  - Significance of urinary immunoglobulins in tests for antibody-coated bacteria.
AB  - The relationship between urinary immunoglobulin levels and coating of a panel of
      bacteria by these immunoglobulins has been investigated. The results indicate
      that elevated urinary immunoglobulin levels are a distinct hazard in interpreting
      tests for antibody-coated bacteria as indicating upper or lower urinary tract
      infections.

PMID- 395170
TI  - Use of human embryo lung fibroblasts to detect a heat labile toxin of Escherichia
      coli from children.
AB  - In order to detect the heat labile toxin of Escherichia coli human embryo lung
      fibroblast cells were seeded with whole cell lysate preparations of the organism
      to be tested. Positive results consisted of growth inhibition and cytopathic
      change which were easily seen. Heat-labile toxin was produced by strains
      belonging to the conventional epidemic serotypes of E. coli (EEC) and by non-EEC
      strains. Toxin-producing organisms were detected in 20% of healthy children
      examined. The method is suitable for use in the diagnostic laboratory and is
      easily adapted to a microtitre plate system suitable for screening purposes.

PMID- 395169
TI  - Serodiagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection by the indirect fluorescent
      antibody test.
AB  - The indirect fluorescent antibody test was used to detect antibodies to
      Trichomonas vaginalis in 200 antenatal patients. A total of 104 (52%) gave a
      positive reaction with antigen prepared from cultures of trichomonas isolated
      from seven of the patients. Antitrichomonal antibody was detected at a 1/4
      dilution in 90% of patients with proven trichomoniasis, while the highest
      dilution at which antibody was detected was 1/32. IgG rather than IgM appeared to
      be the antibody class involved. Of those patients with no demonstrable
      trichomonal infection, 17% gave positive reactions at 1/4 dilution, while 64% had
      no demonstrable antibody. One of 30 children under 11 years of age gave a
      positive reaction.

PMID- 395171
TI  - Detection of human antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by an enzyme
      immunoassay for HBsAg.
AB  - We studied the feasibility of detecting antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen
      (anti-HBs) by an inhibition assay using the reagents of an enzyme-immunoassay for
      HBsAg (Hepanostika). Several modifications of the basic assay were investigated.
      Sensitivity was greatest when the test sample was incubated with a predetermined
      amount of HBsAg before the usual procedure of HBsAg detection. The presence of
      anti-HBs in the test sample was shown by a reduction of the solid-phase bound
      enzyme label. Results were obtained with a dilution series of serum samples
      containing anti-HBs, the anti-HBs Reference Panel of the American Bureau of
      Biologics, sera of hepatitis B patients, and sera of two individuals passively
      immunised with anti-HBs. The enzyme-immunoassay method showed at least the same
      sensitivity as passive haemagglutination. It was less sensitive than a
      commercially available radioimmunoassay (Ausab). There are no indications that
      non-specific reactions occur frequently. This study also revealed that the
      antigenaemia of acute hepatitis-B patients can be interrupted by a transient
      seroconversion.

PMID- 395172
TI  - A method of highlighting the macroscopic patterns of congenital cystic kidneys.

PMID- 395173
TI  - Donald E. Francke. Pharmaceutical editor, writer, educator and hospital
      pharmacist.

PMID- 395174
TI  - Digitalis therapy in heart failure: a rational approach.

PMID- 395176
TI  - Appropriateness of milk use in international supplementary feeding programs.
AB  - Recognition of lactose intolerance, debate over the limitedness of dietary energy
      and protein in specific settings, and the appreciation for the uniqueness and
      appropriateness of human milk during the 1st yr of life have prompted
      reexamination of the use of milk in international feeding programs. Substantial
      proportions of preschool and school-age children from expected populations are
      lactose intolerant. However, studies in this county indicate that lactose
      intolerant preschool and early school-age children can tolerate amounts of milk
      usually consumed. Older individuals with symptomatic responses to milk also will
      often have similarly mild symptomatic responses to hydrolyzed lactose milk.
      Appropriately controlled studies in developing countries are planned or are
      underway to assess milk tolerance. In feeding programs designed to provide a
      protein supplement, milk continues to be a very attractive option. The question
      of how much milk protein must be given and how often it should be provided to
      make a significant impact on a population's well-being depends on an evaluation
      of the data base describing protein intakes and needs for specific populations.
      These types of data for most populations are inadequate.

PMID- 395175
TI  - Fixed-dose combination diuretics in congestive heart failure: an evaluation.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with congestive heart failure were studied for their clinical
      and biochemical responses to the administration of two combination diuretic
      products (hydrochlorothiazide/spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide/triamterene)
      and the single entity diuretic furosemide. Data from these studies revealed the
      following: 1. Comparison of the patients on furosemide with those receiving the
      combination products showed no difference in serum potassium or 24-hour potassium
      excretion. 2. Significant changes in blood urea nitrogen, plasma renin activity,
      and urinary aldosterone excretion were noted with both fixed-combination
      medications but not with furosemide. 3. The combination diuretics offered no
      clinical benefits over the single agent furosemide. 4. Therapy is best served by
      the use of a single effective diuretic agent for the treatment of most patients
      with congestive heart failure.

PMID- 395178
TI  - The manageable approach to college health services planning. Part I.

PMID- 395177
TI  - Testosterone concentrations in plasma of dairy cows with ovarian cysts.
AB  - Testosterone in plasma was measured by radioimmunoassay in cows with ovarian
      cysts and in cows during the estrous cycle. Concentrations of testosterone in
      plasma (60.8 +/- 2.7 pg/ml; mean +/- standard error) in cows with ovarian cysts
      were variable but within the range in cows during the estrous cycle. Mean
      concentrations of testosterone in plasma increased from 46.3 pg/ml at estrus to
      85.1 pg/ml on day 13 of the estrous cycle. In cows with ovarian cysts,
      concentrations of testosterone in plasma declined within 24 h following
      prostaglandin F2 alpha and tended to increase by 9 days following gonadotropin
      releasing hormone. The role of testosterone in estrual behavior and inhibiting
      resumption of ovarian cycles is likely minimal.

PMID- 395179
TI  - Soybean protein in human nutrition: an overview.

PMID- 395181
TI  - The United States labeling regulations for vegetable proteins: an historical
      perspective.

PMID- 395182
TI  - Sesame protein: a review and prospectus.

PMID- 395180
TI  - Vegetable protein and atherosclerosis.

PMID- 395183
TI  - [Photochemistry of visual pigments (author's transl)].
AB  - Recent studies of the photochemistry of visual pigments are reported. Results
      obtained on rhodopsine and model compounds, by means of techniques based upon
      continous or pulsed excitation are compared. The mechanique of the primary
      photochemical step of the bleaching of rhodopsine is discussed. The process is
      occuring on a time scale of picosecond and a new concept of proton transfer
      followed by a conformation charge is opposed to the classical cis-trans photo
      isomerisation of the retinal moiety. The origin of the electrical response of the
      photoreceptor cells is still controversial.

PMID- 395184
TI  - Sleep-wake behavior and integrated values of LH, FSH, PRL, FH and TSH in
      Klinefelter's syndrome.

PMID- 395185
TI  - Glucose-induced paradoxical hyperkalemia in patients with suppression of the
      renin-aldosterone system: prevention by sodium depletion.
AB  - A paradoxical transitory elevation of serum potassium concentration after
      intravenous infusion of hypertonic glucose has been found in 6 renal and/or
      hypertensive patients with suppression of the renin-aldosterone system (RAS)
      while on high sodium intake. Sodium restriction induced a dramatic increase in
      plasma renin activity (PRA) and/or plasma aldosterone (PA) in every patient, a
      substantial fall in the elevated serum potassium levels in 4 out of the 6
      patients and a marked increase in fractional potassium excretion. During sodium
      restriction the glucose-induced paradoxical transitory hyperkalemia was
      abolished. The study confirmed the important extrarenal influence of aldosterone
      in the maintenance of normal potassium level in the hyperosmolal extracellular
      fluid and showed that: i) high sodium intake may predispose to hazardous
      hyperkalemia after massive glucose loading in certain nondiabetic patients with
      liability to suppression of aldosterone; ii) sodium restriction abolishes the
      glucose-induced abnormal serum potassium response.

PMID- 395186
TI  - Serum LH increase after estradiol and progesterone administration in
      hyperprolactinemic women.

PMID- 395187
TI  - p-Hydroxymercuribenzoate-induced hyperglycemia: influence of pre- and post
      treatment with L-leucine, tolbutamide, D-mannoheptulose, insulin and alloxan.
AB  - The aims were to see whether p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (PMB) administration
      affects the serum insulin concentration in mice in vivo, whether the transitory
      hyperglycemia induced in fed mice by treatment with PMB is affected by L-leucine,
      tolbutamide, D-mannoheptulose or insulin, and whether PMB affects the B-cell
      toxicity of alloxan. A significant decrease in the serum insulin concentration
      was found 1 and 2 h following PMB injection in fed and starved mice. PMB-induced
      hyperglycemia was abolished by pre-treatment with L-leucine and tolbutamide, but
      not by pre-treatment with D-mannoheptulose, or by post-treatment with insulin.
      Pre-treatment of fed mice with PMB caused potentiation of the initial
      hyperglycemia following alloxan, but inhibited the second hyperglycemic phase.
      These findings indicate that PMB treatment of mice has a transient inhibitory
      influence upon insulin secretion, and protects against the development of alloxan
      diabetes.

PMID- 395189
TI  - Darwin sees the insane.
AB  - Charles Darwin's work on human and animal expression introduced this age-old
      problem into psychological study. Darwin's interest in the expression of the
      mentally ill led him to correspond with J. Crichton Browne, a young psychiatrist,
      who supplied him with detailed materials concerning the insane as well as
      photographs of them.

PMID- 395253
TI  - [Hartwig Kuhlenbeck--60 years of research in comparative neuroanatomy].

PMID- 395254
TI  - [Fluorescence histochemical identification of axons using the GOLGI method].
AB  - Using fluorescence histochemical and GOLGI-methods afferent fibers in the albino
      rat's dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (d LGN) have been investigated. We
      considered the following parameters: diameters of the axons, diameters of
      boutons, number of the boutons by 100 micrometers axon length. From comparison of
      the data from histochemical material with the data of the GOLGI-material follows
      that the noradrenergic terminals are identical with the type-4- and 5-axons. The
      terminal branching and synaptic contacts of the type-4- and 5-axons are discussed
      in connection with the aminergic innervation of this nucleus.

PMID- 395255
TI  - Effectiveness of peroral and intranasal immunization of school children with live
      allantoic influenza vaccine- and comparative study.
AB  - A comparative study of two preparations of allantoic live influenza vaccine, one
      for intranasal and the other for peroral immunization of children of school age,
      was peformed under conditions of a blind epidemiological trial. Previously
      obtained data on the safety and high immunogenicity of the intranasal vaccine
      variant, prepared from extremely attenuated cold-adapted strains, were confirmed.
      The peroral administration of the live influenza vaccine, in use in the USSR for
      active immunization of the adult population, also stimulated influenza immunity
      without producing postvaccinal reactions. Peroral and intranasal immunization
      with the above variants of live allantoic influenza vaccine markedly lowered in
      the frequency of influenza disease during an influenza epidemic, the mean index
      of effectiveness being equal to a factor of 2. Evidence of prospectiveness of
      influenza prophylaxis among school children was obtained.

PMID- 395256
TI  - Hemolymph volume of noninfected and Plasmodium berghei-infected Anopheles
      stephensi.

PMID- 395257
TI  - In vitro phagocytosis by Limulus blood cells.

PMID- 395188
TI  - Recent advances in studies on estrogen biosynthesis.

PMID- 395258
TI  - [Experimental studies on positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in pulmonary
      edema (author's transl)].

PMID- 395259
TI  - [Mechanism of heme catabolism (author's transl)].

PMID- 395261
TI  - [Literature on dental engineering, 1978. (XX)].

PMID- 395260
TI  - [Application of 4-META on adhesive opaque resin. (Part 2) Improvement of adhesive
      stability (author's transl)].
AB  - We had reported 4-META adhesive opaque resin for a metal casting etched with HC1.
      The bonding strength was as excellent as 260 kg/cm2 after 300 times thermal
      cycles between 4 degrees C and 60 degrees C but it decreased to 70 kg/cm2 when
      immersed in water at 37 degrees C for 30 weeks. It was required to improve the
      stability of bonding against water penetration into the adhesive junction before
      the clinical application. Preparation of the passive state on the metal casting
      adhesive stability between this film and the opaque resin were studied in this
      paper. When the metal casting was dipped in conc. HNO3 for fifteen minutes,
      adhesive strength was 260 kg/cm2 even after a 30 weeks immersion in water at 37
      degrees C or the 10 weeks at 80 degrees C. It could be concluded that the
      adhesive opaque resin possesses enough adhesive strength and the stability for
      oral application.

PMID- 395262
TI  - Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the nasopharynx. Report of a case and review of the
      literature.

PMID- 395263
TI  - Electron microscopic images of ribosomal small subunits from E. coli can possibly
      be grouped into forms of the active and the inactive.

PMID- 395264
TI  - Oestrogen receptors in cell nuclei of the hypothalamus-preoptic area-amygdala
      following an injection of oestradiol or the antioestrogen CI-628.
AB  - Oestrogen receptors were measured by an exchange assay in cell nuclei of the
      hypothalamus-preoptic area-amygdala (HPA) of ovariectomized-adrenalectomized (OVX
      ADX) rats following an intravenous injection of oestradiol or an antioestrogen,
      CI-628. Receptors were translocated to the nucleus by both compounds. Receptors
      translocated by the antioestrogen were specific for oestrogens; testosterone,
      corticosterone and progesterone were not bound by these receptors. Several
      properties of antioestrogen- and oestradiol-receptor complexes were compared. The
      time-course in cell nuclei in vivo showed that receptors were still present in
      HPA nuclei 24 h after administration of CI-628 but not 24 h after oestradiol.
      This prolonged increase of nuclear receptors after the antioestrogen treatment
      was attributed to the continued presence of CI-628 and its metabolites in plasma.
      The maximum level of receptors produced in the HPA cell nuclei following CI-628
      treatment was lower than the peak level of nuclear receptors following
      oestradiol. The dissociation rate in vitro of nuclear antioestrogen-receptor
      complexes formed in vivo was more rapid at 0 degrees C than that of nuclear
      oestradiol-receptor complexes. This property may be related to the lower peak
      level of binding after CI-628 treatment and to the inhibitory actions of
      antioestrogens.

PMID- 395265
TI  - Varying response to luteinizing hormone of two luteal cell types isolated from
      bovine corpus luteum.
AB  - Luteal cell suspensions obtained by enzymatic digestion of pregnant cow corpus
      luteum were found to be heterogenous and mainly made up of two types of cells of
      different sizes. The large cells (37 micrometers, average diameter) could be
      separated from the small ones (18 micrometers, average diameter) by sedimentation
      at unit gravity in a gradient of Ficoll-bovine serum albumin. A comparative in
      vitro study of the synthesis of progesterone by the two types of cells indicated
      striking differences between them. The average content and the synthesis of
      progesterone in the absence and presence of a saturating dose of bovine LH after
      incubation for 2 h were 0.07, 0.12 and 6.9 pg/cell for the small cells and 0.65,
      2 and 10 pg/cell for the large ones. Moreover, the sensitivity to low
      concentrations of LH was 100 to 1000 times higher for the small cells than for
      the large ones. Oestradiol-17 beta at concentrations ranging from 5 X 10(-10) to
      5 X 10(-4) mol/l exerted a dose-dependent inhibition on the stimulation of LH in
      both cell types. These results suggest a possible involvement of both cell types
      in the synthesis of progesterone in vivo with a greater contribution by the small
      cells to stimulation induced by LH. Moreover, it appears that small cell
      suspensions could be a useful model system for in-vitro studies of the control of
      the synthesis of progesterone in cow corpus luteum.

PMID- 395266
TI  - Effect of prior gonadotrophin injection on the rising phases of simulated
      preovulatory surges of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone in
      the plasma of phenobarbitone-blocked, pro-oestrous rats.

PMID- 395267
TI  - Mechanism of the first spontaneous gonadotrophin surge and that induced by
      pregnant mare serum and effects of neonatal androgen in rats.
AB  - The mechanism of the first (pubertal) preovulatory gonadotrophin surge was
      investigated in Wistar rats by measuring (1) LH releasing factor (LH-RF) in
      pituitary stalk plasma and in extracts of hypothalamic and preoptic tissue, (2)
      LH and FSH in peripheral plasma and extracts of anterior pituitary tissue and (3)
      the LH and FSH response to LH-RF. The mechanism of the first surge appeared
      broadly to resemble that in the adult. That is, the gonadotrophin surge which
      occurs on the afternoon of the day before vaginal opening was found to coincide
      with a surge of immunoreactive LH-RF in pituitary stalk plasma and a significant
      increase in pituitary responsiveness to LH-RF. The magnitude of the change in
      pituitary responsiveness was, however, less at puberty than in the adult while
      the peak of the LH-RF surge was higher at puberty. The surges of LH-RF in stalk
      plasma and gonadotrophin in peripheral plasma corresponded relatively precisely
      with a fall in the preoptic and hypothalamic content of LH-RF and in the
      pituitary content of LH and FSH, suggesting that, in contrast with the adult, the
      synthesis of LH-RF and gonadotrophin at puberty cannot keep up with their
      release. A significant increase in stalk plasma LH-RF concentration occurring
      concomitantly with a surge of LH could be induced on the afternoon of Day 32 of
      life by administering pregnant mare serum (PMS) ON Day 30 (about 10 days before
      vaginal opening). This, together with other evidence, suggests that the timing of
      the first gonadotrophin surge depends upon the capacity of the ovary to secrete
      oestradiol in the form of a surge. The fact that no significant increase in the
      pituitary responsiveness to LH-RF occurred in PMS-treated rats could account for
      the fact that the height of the gonadotrophin surge in these animals is only a
      third that of the spontaneous surge. No significant change in peripheral plasma
      LH or stalk plasma LH-RF concentrations was found around the time of vaginal
      opening or cornification in female rats given 1.25 mg testosterone propionate on
      Day 4 (androgenized female rats). Studies on the effect of ovariectomy and/or
      adrenalectomy suggested that the ovary and adrenal are involved in the timing of
      vaginal opening in normal but not in androgenized female animals.

PMID- 395268
TI  - Effects of photoperiod on hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in
      the male hamster.
AB  - Male hamsters were maintained on long (14 h light : 10 h darkness; 14L : 10D) or
      short (6L : 18D) photoperiods. Animals on short-days had reduced levels of LH in
      the serum and anterior pituitary gland, decreased androgen in the circulation and
      regressed testes and accessory sex organs. These same hamsters had significantly
      raised concentrations of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH
      RH). There was no significant difference in the response to exogenous LH-RH
      between groups maintained on long- and short-days. Castration significantly
      reduced levels of LH-RH in the hypothalamus in the long-day animals but had
      little effect on this parameter in short-day animals which had already undergone
      testicular regression. The increased levels of LH-RH in the hyothalami of both
      intact and castrated hamsters on non-stimulatory photoperiods is interpreted as a
      decreased release of the neurohormone which subsequently results in a decreased
      release of LH.

PMID- 395269
TI  - Anencephaly and spina bifida (ASB) and retroversion.
AB  - Despite the wealth of epidemiological material of the last decade, birth defects
      are still the chief cause of perinatal mortality and no significant breakthrough
      in understanding or reduction has yet been seen. Many proposed aetiological
      factors are still being evaluated. This report suggests a possible, simple,
      remediable factor in the aetiology of defects of the central nervous system.

PMID- 395270
TI  - Identification of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in the brain and
      pituitary gland of a fish by immunocytochemistry.
AB  - For the first time immunoreactive luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH)
      is demonstrated in both the brain and pituitary gland of a teleost (Xiphophorus
      maculatus) using an immunoperoxidase procedure. It is specifically localized in
      the perikarya and their axons of the ventral telencephalon and nucleus lateralis
      tuberis and within and between the gonadotrops and within some cells of the pars
      intermedia. These immunoreactions are extinguished when antiserum to LH-RH is
      preincubated with LH-RH antigen but not with neurohypophysial hormones.

PMID- 395272
TI  - Philip W. Allen--obituary.

PMID- 395273
TI  - Ronald Sinar--obituary.

PMID- 395271
TI  - The extraction and analysis of benzodiazepine drugs in bloodstains.

PMID- 395274
TI  - [Segregation of HLA haplotypes in a family with infants having spina bifida].
AB  - The search for HLA association in spina bifida is particularly interesting since
      this condition can be associated with the effect of the T locus in mice. Gene and
      haplotype frequencies in 32 unrelated patients suffering from spina bifida were
      studied. Patients and families were examined clinically and radiologically. A
      high frequency of spina bifida occulta and other vertebral abnormalities was
      found suggesting genetic determinism but no evidence of linkage with HLA genes or
      haplotypes was found.

PMID- 395275
TI  - Selective detection of IgM-antibody against core antigen of the hepatitis B virus
      by a modified enzyme immune assay.
AB  - IgM antibody against core antigen of the hepatitis B virus (anti-HBc IgM) was
      selectively determined by a new enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Microtiter plates were
      coated with anti-human micro chain immunoglobulin. On addition of serum IgM is
      bound by a factor of about 4,000 more than IgG. After removing the sample, HBcAg
      is added to the IgM-coated surface. Binding takes place if the IgM contained anti
      HBc and was demonstrated by the aid of a conjugate made from anti-HBc IgG and
      horse radish peroxidase. Quantitation may be achieved without testing a dilution
      series. The assay was not disturbed by a large excess of anti-HBc IgG in the
      sample and rheumatoid factor did not produce false-positive results, provided the
      sample was diluted in an excess of aggregated IgG. The diagnostic relevance of
      the assay was demonstrated in selected cases of acute hepatitis B. Rapid
      diagnosis of acute hepatitis B infection is therefore now possible in those cases
      whihc are HBsAg-negative but anti-HBc-positive.

PMID- 395276
TI  - Francesco Castellano (1916-1978).

PMID- 395277
TI  - James L. Poppen (1903-1978).

PMID- 395278
TI  - Renal graft evaluation with pertechnetate and I-131 Hippuran. A comparative
      clinical study.
AB  - This retrospective study compared standard clinical and biochemical data from 50
      graft recipients against 533 I-131 Hippuran sequential scintigrams and 515
      [99mTc]pertechnetate serial scintigrams. All grafts included in this study are
      cadaver kidneys. The majority of the studies were made during the early
      posttransplantation period. Anuria or oliguria of at least 4 days duration was
      seen in 18 patients. The study spans 574 days of oliguria during which 136 dual
      tracer studies were made. I-131 Hippuran renography of functioning grafts was
      carried out 397 times, and the Tc-99m sequential scintigraphy 379 times. In all,
      47 espisodes of actue rejection were registered clinically in functioning gfafrs,
      36 of which were recognized during Hippuran renography and 38 with the
      pertechnetate study. False-positive errors were seen 12 times during renography.
      The study also demonstrated that furosemide will significantly and predictably
      influence renography and the pertechnetate study. This seems noteworthy since
      furosemide is extensively used in posttransplant management.

PMID- 395279
TI  - Demonstration by radionuclide imaging of possible vascular steal from a renal
      transplant.
AB  - Radionuclide studies in a renal-transplant patient with congestive heart failure
      suggested vascular steal from the renal allograft by a contralateral femoral
      arteriovenous fistula. These reliable, noninvasive diagnostic procedures have
      potential use in similar settings to evaluate allograft perfusion and function.
      Correction by removal of the fistula was demonstrated.

PMID- 395280
TI  - Radionuclide evaluation of renal transplants.

PMID- 395281
TI  - The paradox image: a noninvasive index of regional left-ventricular dyskinesis.
AB  - The paradox image, a functional image of regional dyskinesis derived from the
      equilibrium (gated) radionuclide ventriculogram, was constructed by subtracting
      the background-corrected end-diastolic frame from the background-corrected end
      systolic frame. In 11 patients showing dyskinesis by contract ventriculography,
      the percentage of left-ventricular picture elements containing paradox ranged
      from 3.6 to 55.6% (21.44% +/- 4.45 s.e.m.). In 11 patients with normokinesis and
      in eight patients with hypokinesis by contract ventriculography, the left
      ventricular picture elements demonstrating paradox were less than 1.1% in all
      cases. In nine patients with akinesis, the percentage of left-ventricular picture
      elements containing paradox was 2.05% +/- 0.96 s.e.m. and was less tha 2% in
      seven patients. There was also an excellent agreement between the location of
      dyskinesis on the paradox image and that by contrast ventriculography. The
      paradox image is a sensitive indicator of left-ventricular dyskinesis and should
      be useful in the evaluation of patients with suspected left-ventricular asynergy.

PMID- 395282
TI  - Myocardial perfusion imaging using thallium-201: a new algorithm for calculation
      of background activity.
AB  - A method is presented for calculating a background image to be subtracted from TI
      201 myocardial perfusion images. The method was derived from experimental
      measurements of background components in which hearts of animals injected with TI
      201 were replaced with hearts from nonradioactive animals. The algorithm
      generates a background image that accounts for TI-201 activity in surrounding
      tissues and within the cardiac chamber. Comparison of the computer-generated
      background images with background images of the experimental models showed a mean
      difference of about 3% (range 1-6%). Clinical images using this method of
      background generation and subtraction are presented.

PMID- 395283
TI  - Automated computer program for radionuclide cardiac output determination.
AB  - Radionuclides have provided a safe, reliable, and minimally invasive method for
      repeated determinations of cardiac output. A completely automated computer
      program for data analysis is described. Cardiac output values obtained by this
      technique correlated closely with values obtained by manual determination of the
      region of interest (r = 0.90 for right-ventricular and 0.98 for left-ventricular
      outputs, p less than 0.001 for both). Further, cardiac output determined by
      computer selection of either left-ventricular area of interest or of the "whole
      heart region" correlated significantly with that simultaneously determined by dye
      dilution technique (indocyanine green; r = 0.86, p less than 0.001 for both). The
      automated approach allows greater objectivity in the selection of the regions of
      interest, faster turnaround of calculated results, and use of a smaller dose of
      radionuclide.

PMID- 395284
TI  - Comparison of Tc-99m diethyl-iminodiacetic acid and I-131 rose bengal for
      hepatobiliary studies in liver-transplant patients: Concise communication.

PMID- 395285
TI  - Radionuclide hepatobiliary procedures: when can HIDA help?

PMID- 395286
TI  - Historian's note: early experiences in nuclear medicine by John H. Lawrence,
      1956.

PMID- 395287
TI  - The Anger scintillation camera becomes of age.

PMID- 395289
TI  - Georg Charles de Hevesy: the father of nuclear medicine.

PMID- 395288
TI  - Asa E. Seeds, M.D. 1905--1978.

PMID- 395290
TI  - Carey P. McCord, M.D. 1886-1979.

PMID- 395291
TI  - Carcinoma of the pancreas.

PMID- 395292
TI  - American Society of Parasitologists. Membership list as of 1 October 1979.

PMID- 395293
TI  - Permeability of the fenestrated capillaries in the cat submandibular gland to
      lipid-insoluble molecules.
AB  - 1. Permeability-surface area products for the fenestrated capillaries in the
      perfused cat submandibular gland have been measured for graded lipid-insoluble
      molecules using the single-passage, multiple-tracer dilution technique. 2. The
      permeability-surface area for [57Co]cyanocobalamin (mol. wt. 1353) increased as
      the perfusion flow was increased, but reached a constant value of 4.11 +/- 0.25
      ml.min-1.g-1 (mean +/- S.E., n = 9) at flows above 8 ml. min-1.g-1. For
      [125I]insulin (approximate mol. wt. 6000) it was 1.80 +/- 0.13 ml.min-1.g-1 (mean
      +/- S.E., n = 9) and apparently diffusion-limited at all the high flow rates
      studied. A similar permeability-surface area product was measured for [14C]inulin
      (mol. wt. 5500): 1.76 +/- 0.10 (mean +/- S.E., n = 4). 3. Permeability-surface
      area values for cyanocobalamin and insulin in the salivary gland are respectively
      about 20 and 200 times larger than the estimates reported for the continuous
      capillaries of cardiac and skeletal muscle. 4. The permeability-surface area (PS)
      ratio [57Co]cyanocobalamin/[125I]insulin (2.33 +/- 0.15, mean +/- S.E., n = 9)
      was significantly greater than the apparent ratio of their free diffusion
      coefficients (1.76), suggesting restricted diffusion of insulin relative to
      cyanocobalamin across the capillary endothelium. 5. Permeability-surface area
      products for the smaller molecular weight tracers (22Na, 86Rb and 51Cr-EDTA (mol.
      wt. 357)) increased continuously with perfusion rate, indicating flow-limited
      solute exchange. The PS ratio of Rb/EDTA was close to unity whereas the
      corresponding free diffusion ratio is 3.85. 6. The high permeability-surface area
      values measured were thought to be associated with the fenestrae which appeared
      to act as high concentrations of 'small pores' rather than as 'large pores'.

PMID- 395294
TI  - Exoerythrocytic merozoites of Plasmodium berghei in rat hepatic Kupffer cells.
AB  - Liver biopsies of white rates infected by Plasmodium berghei sporozoites were
      examined by electron microscopy. Intrahepatocytic schizont development was
      confirmed. In addition, at 60 and 70 h after sporozoite inoculation,
      exoerythrocytic merozoites were noted in Kupffer cells of liver sinusoids.
      Although it is theoretically possible that this observation may be of merozoite
      development in Kupffer cells, the authors suspect that this example of
      phagocytosis would be one of the host's natural defenses against sporozoite
      transmitted malaria.

PMID- 395295
TI  - Purine metabolism in trypanosomatids.
AB  - Purine nucleotide biosynthesis was studied in culture forms of Trypanosoma cruzi
      strain Y, Crithidia deanei (a reduviid trypanosomatid with an endosymbiote) and
      an aposymbiotic strain of C. deanei (obtained by curing C. deanei with
      chloramphenicol). Trypanosoma cruzi was found to synthesize purine nucleotides
      only fring incorporated into both adenine and guanine nucleotides. Similar
      results were obtained with guanine, indicating that this flagellate has a system
      for the interconversion of purine nucleotides. Crithidia deanei was able to
      synthesize purine and pyrimidine nucleotides from glycine ("de novo" pathway) and
      purine nucleotides from adenine and guanine ("salvage" pathway). Adenine was
      incorporated into both adenine and guanine nucleotides, while guanine was
      incorporated into guanine nucleotides only, indicating the presence of a
      metabolic block at the level of GMP reductase. The aposymbiotic C. deanei strain
      was unable to utilize glycine for the synthesis of purine nucleotides, although
      glycine was utilized for synthesizing pyrimidine nucleotides. These results
      suggest that the endosymbiote is implicated in the de novo purine nucleotide
      pathway of the C. deanei-endosymbiote complex. The incorporation of adenine and
      guanine by aposymbiotic C. deanei strain followed a pattern similar to that
      observed for C. deanei.

PMID- 395296
TI  - Acid hydrolases and their release in food vacuole-less mutants of Tetrahymena
      thermophila.
AB  - Mutants (NP1 and PSJ5) of Tetrahymena thermophila strains B and D 1968 exist that
      are unable to construct a functional oral apparatus and form food vacuoles at 37
      C but which do so normally at 30 C. Food vacuole-less cells starved in dilute
      salt solution released similar amounts of acid phosphatase, beta-N-acetyl
      glucosaminidase and alpha-glucosidase activity into the medium as wildtype cells
      during an 8-h period. Actively growing, food vacuole-less cells had approximately
      50% less total protein, acid phosphatase, beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, and
      alpha-glucosidase per cell than wildtype cells after 72-h growth. During this
      time food vacuole-less cells released significant amounts of the 3 acid
      hydrolases into the growth medium. For each hydrolase, the total activity
      released from growing, food vacuole-less cells was less, on a per cell basis,
      tahn the amount released from food vacuole formers. The proportion of the total
      activity secreted by the mutant and the wildtype cells was the same for acid
      phosphatase and beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase and somewhat lower for alpha
      glucosidase. It is concluded that the release of a significant amount of acid
      hydrolase activity from Tetrahymena is independent of food vacuole formation and
      may be analogous to the secretory activity of other nonphagocytic eukaryotic
      cells.

PMID- 395297
TI  - Admiral Sir Eliab Harvey of the Temeraire: a distinguished kinsman of William
      Harvey.

PMID- 395298
TI  - Struck by lightning -- the effects upon the men and the ships of HM Navy.

PMID- 395299
TI  - Surgeon Vice Admiral Sir Edward Greeson, KBE, CB, MD.

PMID- 395300
TI  - Sir Cecil Wakeley, KBE, CB, DSc, LLD, FRCS, FRCS Ed, FACS, FRACS, FRS Ed.

PMID- 395301
TI  - [Directory of the Societe Francaise de Radiologie Medicale, May 1979].

PMID- 395302
TI  - James Herbert Grove-White, MD, FRCGP.

PMID- 395303
TI  - Design of species- or isozyme-specific enzyme inhibitors. 2. Differences between
      a bacterial and a mammalian thymidine kinase in the effect of thymidine
      substituents on affinity for the thymidine site.

PMID- 395304
TI  - A general simulation model for genetic control of mosquito species that fluctuate
      markedly in population size.

PMID- 395306
TI  - Rejection and immunosuppression in kidney transplantation.
AB  - Seventeen out of 85 renal allograft patients suffered 23 episodes of rejection.
      Of these 22 (96%) were associated with a significant increase in DNA synthesis in
      the peripheral blood and in 12 instances (55%) the DNA increase occurred before
      biochemical or clinical evidence. The prognostic value depends on the frequency
      of sampling and in all patients measured daily the DNA increase was predictive
      with a mean value of 7 days before other signs. Nine patients experienced 12
      rejection episodes that resulted in the loss of their graft. All these cases of
      irreversible rejection were characterized by a significant elevation in DNA
      synthesis within 36 days of transplant. In 57 patients with good function 46
      suffered 120 episodes of infection. DNA synthesis was increased in 12.5% of
      these. Thus an increase in DNA synthesis is 8 x more likely to be due to
      rejection than infection. The level of DNA and RNA synthesis may prove a useful
      guide for monitoring the level of immunosuppression in these patients.

PMID- 395307
TI  - Antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement dependent
      cytotoxicity (CDC) in 229 sera from human renal allograft recipients.
AB  - Comparison between CDC and ADCC in a human allogeneic model using the same
      cytotoxicity marker, i.e. 51Cr release from labelled target cells, provided a
      better definition of the optimal technical conditions for revealing ADCC. Testing
      229 sera from human renal allograft recipients after transplantation, we found
      that CDC is detected only during rejection (43% of cases) whereas ADCC can be
      found both in those recipients tolerating their grafts and in those undergoing
      rejection, more frequently in the former than in the latter (39% vs. 21%, p less
      than 0.05). These in vivo results and other in vitro experiments support the
      assumption that two distinct varieties of antibody can mediate the in vitro ADCC
      phenomenon, some directed against the A, B and C HLA loci and having a
      deleterious effect on the graft, and others capable of exerting a protective
      effect and which could be directed against D related HLA determinants.

PMID- 395308
TI  - Osmotic water flow in leaky epithelia.
AB  - I review three currently unsolved and controversial problems in understanding
      solute-linked water transport in epithelia. 1. Values of osmotic water
      permeability (Posm) calculated from steady-state osmotic flow in response to a
      gradient of a probe molecule tend to be underestimates, because of three
      unstirred-layer (USL) effects. These are: dissipation of the probe's gradient by
      diffusion in USL's; reduction of the probe's gradient, due to the sweeping-away
      effect of water flow generated by the probe itself; and solute polarization
      (creation of an opposing gradient of an initially symmetrically distributed
      solute by the sweeping-away effect). These errors increase with probe
      permeability, USL thickness, Posm, and concentration ratio of symmetrically
      distributed solute to probe, and vary inversely as the fractional area available
      for water flow (e.g., lateral intercellular space width). The form of an osmotic
      transient, and the possibility of extracting a true Posm value from the
      transient, depend on the relative values of three time constants: those for
      solute diffusion in USL's, for solute polarization by water flow in USL's and for
      measuring water flow. Sweeping-away effects cause major underestimates (by one or
      more orders of magnitude) in epithelial Posm determinations, as shown by apparent
      streaming potentials during osmotic flow and by transiently reversed flows after
      removal of the proble. True Posm values for leaky epithelia probably exceed 10(
      3) or 10(-2) cm/sec.osm. The necessary conditions for resolving osmotic
      transients are set out. 2. I illustrate the difficulties in deciding what
      fraction of transepithelial water flow is via the cells, and what fraction via
      the junctions. There is no existing method for answering this question. 3.
      Controversies about the validity, or need for modification, of the standing
      gradient theory are discussed. Progress in this field requires new methods: to
      resolve osmotic transients; to separate transcellular and transjunctional water
      flows; and to measure solute concentrations in lateral intercellular spaces
      directly.

PMID- 395309
TI  - A comment on Silver and Blanchard's (1978) review of the treatment of tension
      headaches via EMG feedback and relaxation training.
AB  - In response to an earlier review by Silver and Blanchard, caution is urged in
      reaching "premature" conclusions about the relative efficacy of biofeedback vs.
      relaxation training in the treatment of tension headaches. Additional points are
      raised concerning subject and procedural variables, data interpretation, and
      choice of dependent measures in assessing treatment outcome. The need for
      continued study of this question is emphasized.

PMID- 395310
TI  - Instructed heart rate control in a high heart rate population.
AB  - Forty college students were selected from a large number of introductory
      psychology students on the basis of high heart rate during an initial screening
      session. Subjects were then contacted and participated in two additional sessions
      during which heart rate, respiration rate, and skin conductance measures were
      obtained. Each session consisted of a baseline period followed by five trial
      periods during which subjects attempted to control their heart rate or performed
      a visual tracking task. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of four groups.
      One group served as a control and monitored a visual feedback display driven by
      their own heart rate but received no instructions to decrease their heart rate.
      In contrast, the three heart rate control groups were instructed to decrease
      heart rate during the trial periods by utilizing a relaxation procedure,
      proportional biofeedback, or proportional biofeedback plus criterion information.
      No group differences were present during the baseline periods. During feedback
      trials, however, all the training groups differed from the control in heart rate
      but did not differ from each other. It is suggested that feedback displays may
      not facilitate heart rate reduction beyond the level achieved by instructing
      subjects to use a general relaxation procedure.

PMID- 395305
TI  - Factors predisposing to adjacent 2 and 3:1 disjunctions: study of 161 human
      reciprocal translocations.
AB  - Reciprocal translocations produce imbalances by three types of disjunction which
      are, in decreasing frequency, adjacent 1, 3:1, and adjacent 2. Adjacent 1
      disjunction produces duplication deficiencies of inverse topography to those of
      adjacent 2. The imbalanced chromosome segments in one of these types are balanced
      in the other. The disjunction 3:1 produces pure trisomies and monosomies. The
      following situations predispose to adjacent 2 disjunction: translocations between
      the long arms of two acrocentric chromosomes or between one of these and that of
      a No 9 chromosome; centric segments, either short or carrying a heterochromatic
      zone (9qh); a balanced translocation in the mother. The factors predisposing to
      the disjunction adjacent 2 operate by selection, or directly on the meiotic
      configuration. Some of them (shortness of the interstitial segment, shortness of
      the short arms of translocation chromosomes) act in both these ways. Their
      influence is probably responsible for the repetitive and exclusive character of
      this disjunction. The conditions for the occurrence of the 3:1 disjunctions seem
      less strict than those for adjacent 2, although they should be of the same nature
      (involvement of acrocentrics or a chromosome 9 in the translocation, maternal
      origin).

PMID- 395311
TI  - Polyphenylalanine synthesis by crystallized trypsin-modified EF-Tu.GDP.

PMID- 395312
TI  - Suppression of Co1E1 replication properties by the Inc P-1 plasmid RK2 in hybrid
      plasmids constructed in vitro.

PMID- 395313
TI  - Localization of the 3' end of Escherichia coli 16 S RNA by electron microscopy of
      antibody-labelled subunits.

PMID- 395314
TI  - Changes in the x-ray solution scattering of aspartate transcarbamylase following
      the allosteric transition.

PMID- 395315
TI  - Cross-linking of actin filaments by heavy meromyosin.

PMID- 395317
TI  - Transfer RNA selection at the ribosomal A and P sites.

PMID- 395316
TI  - Crosslinking of chemically reactive A-U-G analogs to ribosomal proteins within
      initiation complexes.

PMID- 395320
TI  - Dinucleotide fold proteins. Interaction of arabinose binding protein with
      Cibacron Blue 3G-A.

PMID- 395318
TI  - Positions of proteins S10, S11 and S12 in the 30 S ribosomal subunit of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 395319
TI  - Tests of the ribosomal editing hypothesis: amino acid starvation differentially
      enhances the dissociation of peptidyl-tRNA from the ribosome.

PMID- 395321
TI  - Helical arrays of Escherichia coli small ribosomal subunits produced in vitro.

PMID- 395322
TI  - Host--virus interactions in the control of T4 prereplicative transcription. I.
      tabC (rho) mutants.

PMID- 395323
TI  - Host--virus interactions in the control of T4 prereplicative transcription. II.
      Interaction between tabC (rho) mutants and T4 mot mutants.

PMID- 395324
TI  - Controller node complexity: a measure of the degree of gene coordination.

PMID- 395326
TI  - Frantz Fanon's contribution to psychiatry: the psychology of racism and
      colonialism.
AB  - Frantz Fanon was born in Martinique, educated in France, and, after psychiatric
      training, administered a psychiatric hospital in Algeria. He made numerous
      contributions to psychiatry which are described in this paper. He is best
      remembered, however, for his four books: Black Skin, White Masks; Toward the
      African Revolution; A Dying Colonialism; and The Wretched of the Earth. Fanon
      became a spokesman for third-world denizens of all nations by describing in
      sensitive, clinically astute terms the psychology of racism and its untoward
      effects upon oppressor and oppressed. He also described the dehumanization and
      psychological treatment inherent in colonialist exploitation. With Dr. Fanon's
      premature death at the age of 37 in 1961, the world was deprived of one of the
      most eloquent and skilled spokesmen for those who are oppressed by the pro-white,
      anti-black paranoia which is racism. This paper describes in detail the nature of
      his singular contributions.

PMID- 395327
TI  - Intrauterine infection, fetal growth and mental development.

PMID- 395325
TI  - Shigella vulvovaginitis in childhood: a case report.
AB  - Vulvovaginitis due to Shigella sonnei is reported in a four-year-old
      child.Shigella sonnei as a rare primary pathogen causing vulvovaginitis, the
      prolonged nature of the clinical course, and the therapeutic implications of
      increasing resistance to ampicillin by the organism are discussed.

PMID- 395329
TI  - [In memoriam: Late Prof. Hikozaemon Hazato].

PMID- 395328
TI  - [Emphysematous pyelonephritis in a diabetic. Review of the literature on the
      basis of one new case (author's transl)].

PMID- 395330
TI  - [Tetanus toxin (author's transl)].

PMID- 395331
TI  - [Pure red cell aplasia--report of a case and review of 158 cases in Japan
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 395333
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 395332
TI  - [A case of posthepatitic severe aplastic anemia treated with allogeneic bone
      marrow transplantation (author's transl)].

PMID- 395334
TI  - [Late Dr. Satoru Inagaki, a member of the Council of the Japan Society of
      Clinical Hematology: his life and contributions].

PMID- 395336
TI  - [Osmotic resistance of erythrocytes and membrane fluidity].

PMID- 395335
TI  - [Injuries of the erythrocyte membrane and hemolysis--accelerated permeability of
      cations and macromolecular substances].

PMID- 395338
TI  - [Membrane structure abnormality and complement sensitivity of PNH erythrocytes].

PMID- 395337
TI  - [Erythrocyte membrane protein abnormalities and membrane disease].

PMID- 395339
TI  - [Cold agglutinin disease (CAD), paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH) and
      intravascular hemolysis].

PMID- 395340
TI  - [Erythrocyte rheology and red cell fragmentation].

PMID- 395341
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy of abnormal erythrocytes and spleen functions].

PMID- 395342
TI  - [Erythrokinetics in hemolytic anemia, with special reference to effective
      destruction and effective production].

PMID- 395343
TI  - [Immunohistological study of alopecia areata (author's transl)].

PMID- 395344
TI  - [In memoriam: Late Prof. Hikozaemon Hazato].

PMID- 395345
TI  - [History of breast feeding in Japan].

PMID- 395346
TI  - [Measurement of serum bile salts concentration by radioimmunoassay--evaluation of
      assay kits and clinical application (author's transl)].

PMID- 395347
TI  - Intrarenal role of renin-angiotensin system in the regulation of renal
      hemodynamics.
AB  - A reduction of renal arterial pressure in mongrel dogs to 70 mmHg resulted in
      marked increases in plasma renin activity and plasma levels of angiotensin I (AI)
      and angiotensin II (AII). Production of renin and AI but not AII in the kidney
      was observed. A reduction of renal arterial pressure also resulted in a
      redistribution of blood flow from the outer to inner cortex. An arterial infusion
      of AII (200 ng/min), however, failed to affect the intrarenal distribution of the
      blood flow. An intrarenal infusion of AII rather restored the normal pattern of
      the distribution of intrarenal blood flow altered by the pressure reduction.
      These results indicate that the renin-angiotensin system is probably not involved
      in the control of renal hemodynamics through the intrarenal formation of AII, and
      that the intrarenal hemodynamic changes caused by pressure reduction is due to
      the intrinsic differences in myogenic force in different cortical zones.

PMID- 395348
TI  - Effect of diltiazem on insulin secretion. II. Experiments on perfused rat
      pancreas, anesthetized dogs and conscious rats.
AB  - Effect of diltiazem on insulin secretion was investigated in the perfused rat
      pancreas. Experiments were also carried out in anesthetized dogs and conscious
      rats with and without glucose loading. In the perfused rat pancreas, diltiazem
      reduced both glucose- and tolbutamide-induced insulin secretion and these effects
      of diltiazem were reversed with removal of the compound. Inhibition of the
      glucose-induced insulin secretion caused by diltiazem was counteracted by
      increasing the concentration of calcium ion. In experiments on intact animals,
      diltiazem at vasoactive doses produced no significant influence on the basal
      level of plasma insulin or glucose-induced insulin secretion. These data taken
      together with findings in previously reported work suggest that diltiazem reduces
      insulin secretion from pancreatic B-cells in vitro possibly by the calcium
      antagonistic property, while the compound exhibits practically no inhibitory
      action on the insulin secretion in vivo.

PMID- 395349
TI  - Effect of 6,9-thia prostaglandin I2 (a stable PGI2 analogue) on passive cutaneous
      anaphylaxis (PCA) in rats.

PMID- 395350
TI  - [Diffuse lung abnormalities in malignant lymphomas--roentgenological and
      pathological correlations (author's transl)].

PMID- 395352
TI  - [Life of Seki Hora, mother of public health nursing in our country: in the
      natural figure. 6].

PMID- 395351
TI  - [A midwife's activities among the Laplanders].

PMID- 395353
TI  - [Profile: Reiko Ryder who has recently come home as lecturer for the
      International Assembly on Nursing Arts and Science after having been active on
      the first line of clinical nursing in the United States for 15 years].

PMID- 395354
TI  - [A life of Seki Hora, mother of public health nursing in our country: in the
      natural figure (7)].

PMID- 395356
TI  - [Individually adapted access to different methods of artificial respiration in
      the treatment of acute respiratory failure].

PMID- 395357
TI  - [Effect of respiratory pattern on gas exchange and pulmonary mechanics].

PMID- 395355
TI  - [Theses for the degree of m.d. presented by Polish physicians at the Wroclaw
      University Department of Ophthalmology before 1918 (author's transl)].

PMID- 395358
TI  - [Requirements of respirators from the clinical point of view].

PMID- 395359
TI  - [Structural features of different respirator systems].

PMID- 395360
TI  - [Adaptation to and weaning from mechanical ventilation].

PMID- 395361
TI  - [Monitoring of patients on mechanical ventilation--critical analysis].

PMID- 395362
TI  - [Bacteriological aspects of acute respiratory failure].

PMID- 395364
TI  - [The Drager Universal-Ventilator 1--a clinical and functional analysis of its
      potential applications].

PMID- 395363
TI  - [Causes and treatment possibilities of acute respiratory insufficiency in
      premature infants].

PMID- 395365
TI  - Feline cryptococcosis: a review and seven case reports.

PMID- 395367
TI  - A body-worn delayed auditory feedback fluency aid for stammerers.
AB  - Body-worn fluency aiming to relieve the disability of stammering during periods
      of use (just as spectacles correct defective vision only while worn, and make no
      claim to treat or cure the disability) have been envisaged for a quarter of a
      century. Most have been based on Auditory feedback Masking, but the Aid described
      here is probably the first body-worn version to be based on the principle of
      Delayed Auditory Feedback, recognised for 20 years as an aid to fluency, but
      hitherto available only in desk-top equipment. The embodiment described here fits
      easily into a breast pocket and is wired to a tie-pin microphone and two standard
      hearing aid earpieces. Voice actuated switching enables other speakers to be
      heard clearly and undelayed. Results of early clinical trials are indicated.

PMID- 395366
TI  - Biofeedback instruments for the management of anxiety and for relaxation
      training.
AB  - An EEG alpha biofeedback system and a portable GSR monitor/feedback box are
      described. The rationale for the use of these instruments in the management of
      anxiety and for relaxation training, respectively, is also described, as well as
      the training techniques presently in use at St. Bartholomew's Hospital.

PMID- 395368
TI  - Application of pattern recognition methodology to the design of an electronic aid
      for coordination therapy.
AB  - Automated aids for developing coordination skills in the handicapped are not
      common, with the result that therapy of such a nature tends to be highly teacher
      intensive. This paper describes an electronic aid, based on pattern recognition
      techniques, for the teaching of writing and drawing skills which, while retaining
      the flexibility to allow tailoring of its operation to the needs of individual
      patients and applicability to a variety of tasks, is sufficiently cheap and
      convenient in implementation to be an effective tool of general acceptability.

PMID- 395369
TI  - Load measurement in orthopaedics using strain gauges.
AB  - This paper describes the practical aspects of the design, construction and use of
      strain gauged transducers in clinical orthopaedics. The role of force measurement
      as a procedure for diagnosis and evaluation in orthopaedics is reviewed and the
      type of useful data this technique can yield is indicated. The procedure for
      setting up a load measuring programme is then covered in detail. This includes
      the formulation of a clinically viable procedure which yields meaningful data,
      design and construction of the transducers, choice of gauges, their associated
      instrumentation and analysis of data. The strain gauge itself is dealt with in
      sufficient detail to cover all the measurement situations which may be
      encountered in the orthopaedic clinic. Practical aspects, such as the source of
      supply of components, are fully described.

PMID- 395370
TI  - Effects of leukocyte random motility and chemotaxis in tissue inflammatory
      response.

PMID- 395371
TI  - [30th anniversary of the Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Varazdin].

PMID- 395373
TI  - [Comparative clinical study of the efficacy of PF 76 in proctology].

PMID- 395372
TI  - Fetal lung development.

PMID- 395374
TI  - The French medical profession's perception of its social function between 1776
      and 1830.

PMID- 395376
TI  - Europe's discovery of the Ethiopian taenicide--kosso.

PMID- 395375
TI  - Alexis Carrel and the mysticism of tissue culture.

PMID- 395377
TI  - The Southern Retreat, Thomas Hodgkin, and Achille-Louis Foville.

PMID- 395379
TI  - Charles Collingnon (1725-1785): Cambridge physician, anatomist, and moralist.

PMID- 395378
TI  - Sanitation, intestinal infections, and infant mortality in late Victorian Sydney.

PMID- 395380
TI  - Sir Francis Crane Kt. and Dr. William Davison; patient and doctor in Paris in
      1636.

PMID- 395381
TI  - Frederick Noel Lawrence Poynter, B.A., Ph.D., F.L.A., F.R.S.L., Hon. D. Litt.
      (California), Hon. M.D. (Kiel). 24 December 1908-11 March 1979.

PMID- 395383
TI  - [The historical significance of the 1st Congress of the Partisan Physicians of
      the National Liberation Front of Croatia].

PMID- 395382
TI  - [Origin of malignant tumors of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts and the
      ear. 4. Malignant rumors caused by irradiation. B. Special part (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The problem of radiation-induced tumors is explained in detail in the following
      chapters: 1. Malignant tumors in dial painters using luminous paint, 2. Malignant
      tumors after injection of Thorotrast, 3. Bronchial tumors in Uran-mineworkers, 4.
      Malignant tumors caused by radium-compresses and radium-moulages, 5. Thyroid
      cancer caused by irradiation, 6. Leukemia and malignant tumors following the
      atomic bomb detonation in Hiroshima and Nakasaki, 7. Malignant tumors in Lupus
      vulgaris, 8. Development of malignant tumors following the irradiation of
      praecancerous alterations, of benign tumors and other benign changes in head and
      neck, 9. Radiation induced soft-tissue and bone sarcoma in the skull, 10.
      Radiation-induced cancers in hypopharynx diverticula, 11. Radiation-induced
      cancers in the antethoracic skin graft esophagus, 12. Radiation-induced second
      tumors, 13. Cancer caused by ultraviolet rays, 14. Increase of hematogenic
      metastases by irradiation. 15. Malignant tumors caused by irradiation of the
      fetus in utero.

PMID- 395384
TI  - [Preventive aspects of the health service in the National Liberation War].

PMID- 395385
TI  - [Aspects of the status and development of surgery and the surgical service in the
      National Liberation War in Croatia from 1941 to 1944].

PMID- 395386
TI  - [The work and significance of the 1st congress of physicians of the National
      Liberation Front in Croatia on Feb. 24-27, 1944].

PMID- 395387
TI  - [Our health service during the war and its significance in the tasks of national
      defense. (Questions of supplementation of the medical corp and advantages of
      improvisation)].

PMID- 395388
TI  - [The work of the civilian health service in the region of the District of
      Korenica and Udbina during the National Liberation War].

PMID- 395389
TI  - [The 1st congress of physicians of the National Liberation Front of Croatia.
      Glina, Topusko, Slunj, February 24-27, 1944].

PMID- 395390
TI  - [Comments on the shortcomings on the previous work of our medical corps].

PMID- 395391
TI  - [Comments on the past work of the civilian health services in the National
      Liberation movement].

PMID- 395392
TI  - [Selected chapters from military surgery in the 8th British Army].

PMID- 395393
TI  - [Soft tissue war injuries].

PMID- 395394
TI  - [Fractures and joint injuries].

PMID- 395395
TI  - [Mobile surgical teams].

PMID- 395396
TI  - [Report on 4 months of work by the surgical team].

PMID- 395397
TI  - [Frostbite and preventive measures].

PMID- 395398
TI  - [Epidemiology and prevention of contagious diseases in partisan warfare].

PMID- 395399
TI  - [Depediculation in partisan war conditions].

PMID- 395400
TI  - [Organization of the fight against skin and venereal diseases and previous
      failures].

PMID- 395401
TI  - [Avitaminosis and similar diseases].

PMID- 395402
TI  - [The pathogenic and pathophysiologic aspects of the Vibrio cholerae infection and
      of some other enterotoxicogenic acute diarrheal diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 395403
TI  - [Glucagon and diabetes].

PMID- 395404
TI  - ["Complaint sheet" of the gynecologic patient at the end of the 19th century].

PMID- 395405
TI  - [Travelers' diarrhea (author's transl)].
AB  - "Travelers' diarrhea" is an acute diarrhea sometimes associated with vomiting and
      afflicting travelers recently arrived in tropical or subtropical countries. Its
      incidence ranges from 20 to 50 p. 100. It may cause severe deshydratation which
      is dangerous for third age tourists with humoral or visceral impairments.
      Recovery must not be expected before 3 to 10 days. Viruses do not seem frequently
      responsible and, among other causes (salmonellae, shigellae, staphylococci),
      colibacilli have a main role. They give cholera-like syndromes due to two
      enterotoxines. Treatment is symptomatic. Prophylaxis is important and chemical
      drugs as methyl-5-oxine must be prescribed rather than antibiotics which may
      induce resistances.

PMID- 395406
TI  - [Current aspects of human salmonellosis in Upper Volta. Study carried out at
      Centre Muraz (Bobo-Dioulasso) from 1966 to 1977: isolation of 1,013 Salmonella
      strains].
AB  - In a long term research programme of Centre Muraz a study on salmonellosis in
      Upper Volta has been carried out, at Bobo-Dioulasso, from 1966 to 1977.
      Investigations have been executed at Centre Muraz, at Bobo-Dioulasso hospital and
      at Ouagadougou hospital. All the strains of Salmonella were collected at Centre
      Muraz by biology laboratory, which is a reference service for Upper Volta. This
      country is include; among the 32 countries which collaborate with W.H.O. and are
      involved in the world epidemiological surveillance of salmonellosis. For twelve
      years, 1.013 Samonella strains have been isolated : 1.002 from man and only 11
      from animals. The study, which is presented, deals with human salmonellosis.
      These diseases have been considered from several points of view : bacteriology,
      clinic, treatment and epidemiology. The various origins of these strains have
      been specified. The different technics used for diagnosis are discussed briefly :
      hemoculture (for typhoid fever and few other types of salmonellosis),
      coproculture (for "minor" salmonellosis) are the most common and useful methods.
      Among the 1.013 which have been found, S. typhi is highly predominant (67 p.
      100). In the other hand, S. dublin and S. typhi murium play an important role in
      the various serotypes which occured. A total of 76 serotypes, already known
      elsewhere, but found for the first time in Upper Volta, have been observed. Three
      new serotypes have been described : S. bobo, S. kua and S. farakan. As far as
      clinical problem is concerned, two main aspects are frequent : either typhoid
      fever syndrome (caused by S. typhi and, scarcely, by other germs, like S. dublin)
      or gastrointestinal infections, which present different forms and are more or
      less severe. Up to now, one single strain of S. typhi murium, suspected to be
      resistant to chloramphenicol has been isolated in 1977. Such a problem would need
      more complete research in a reference centre. Otherwise, no epidemic
      multiresistance has been observed. Checking strictly all the strains by
      systematic antibiograms is now absolutly essential in the plan of a steady
      epidemiological surveillance.

PMID- 395407
TI  - [Shigellosis in Tananarive (Madagascar). II : Bacteriologic and therapeutic
      features (author's transl)].
AB  - In acute dysenteries or diarrhoeas shigellae are the bacterial organisms which
      are the most frequently isolated from coprocultures. The most frequent sub-group
      is sub-group B (S. flexniri). In vitro, shigellae are sensible to all antibiotics
      but often resistant to sulfamids. Treatment is not difficult.

PMID- 395408
TI  - Genetic organization of the Salmonella typhimurium ilv gene cluster.
AB  - A number of Salmonella typhimurium ilv::Tn10 insertion strains were used to
      analyze the Salmonella ilv gene cluster. Tn10 generated ilv deletion mutants were
      employed in mapping experiments to conclusively define the gene order as ilvG-E-D
      A-C. Examination of ilv enzyme levels confirms that the direction of
      transcription of ilvGEDA is from ilvG to ilvA. The major control locus,
      designated ilvO, is located before ilvG forming an ilvOGEDA transcriptional unit
      that is multivalently repressed by isoleucine, valine and leucine. Two internal
      promoters, one before ilvE and anonother before ilvD, are identified and are
      shown to provide repressed levels of the ilvE, D and A gene products. Possible
      regulation of transcription from these promoters in response to isoleucine
      limitation is discussed in terms of attenuation.

PMID- 395409
TI  - Indirect and intragenic suppression of the lexA102 mutation in E. coli B/r.
AB  - In Escherichia coli B/r the expression of UV inducible (SOS) functions is under
      the control of the recA and lexA genes. In this study we have characterized
      mutants which are altered in their ability to express SOS functions. These
      mutants were isolated as UV resistant UV nonmutable (Rnm) derivatives of the
      lexA102 uvrA155 mutant strain WP51. The UV resistance of these Rnm strains is a
      result of the suppression of lexA102 mediated UV sensitivity. Genetic mapping of
      rnm mutations shows that the two predominant classes, rnmA and rnmB, map in or
      very near the lexA and recA genes respectively. rnmA mutations differ from rnmB
      with regard to recA protein synthesis, rnmA mutations do not restore the ability
      to express high levels of recA protein after UV treatment whereas rnmB mutations
      result in constitutive expression of high levels of recA protein. However, both
      rnmA and rnmB mutant strains inhibit postirradiation DNA degradation. This shows
      that in rnmA strains, high levels of recA protein are not needed to inhibit
      postirradiation DNA degradation. The genetic map location and constitutive
      expression of recA protein synthesis resulting from rnmB mutations suggests that
      they are operator constitutive mutations of the recA gene. The result that the
      lexA+ gene is required for the expression of UV mutagenesis in rnmB mutants shows
      that high levels of recA protein do not circumvent the need for the lexA+ gene
      product in this process. Thus, while the lexA gene product is required for the
      induction of recA protein synthesis, lexA must have an additional role in UV
      induced mutagenesis.

PMID- 395410
TI  - Construction and characterization of a plasmid coding for a fragment of the
      Escherichia coli recA protein.
AB  - The E. coli recA gene was cloned from the phage lambda precA into the vector
      pBR313. A plasmid, pJL3, was also isolated by cloning a portion of the recA gene
      into the vector pBR322. pJL3 coded for a fragment of the recA protein 34 Kd
      (kilodaltons) in size (compared to 40 Kd for the intact protein). This fragment
      was antigenically related to the recA protein and its synthesis was subject to
      the same controls as that of the recA protein. The fragment did not express any
      detectable recA function. When wild-type cells with pJL3 were treated with
      nalidixic acid, the 34 Kd fragment and the beta-lactamase, made from a gene
      located downstream from the recA segment, were expressed at very high levels.
      Moreover, in these cells the rate of synthesis of intact recA protein from the
      chromosome was inhibited about 2-fold, relative to other chromosomal proteins,
      when compared to wild-type cells with the pBR322 vector. High level expression of
      the recA protein fragment and/or the beta-lactamase appeared to be lethal. The
      size of the 34 Kd fragment, taken together with the location of chain-termination
      codons in pJL3, localizes the regulatory region of the recA gene within 100 base
      pairs.

PMID- 395411
TI  - Nuclear inheritance of resistance to antimycin A in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A group of 30 independent mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, resistant to the
      respiratory inhibitor antimycin A, was investigated from a genetical and
      biochemical point of view. All the mutants can be grouped into two nuclear loci:
      AMY1 maps on the VII chromosome, between leu 1 and trp 5; AMY2 is close to its
      centromere on either chromosome XVIII or XIX. Both genes do not affect
      mitochondrial structures or functions.

PMID- 395412
TI  - Expression of incompatibility by derivatives of the broad host-range inc P-1
      plasmid RK2.
AB  - A segment of DNA encoding incompatibility on the inc P-1 plasmid pRK248 was
      identified by the analysis of deletions generated in vitro, and then cloned into
      several unrelated and mutually compatible plasmids. These derivatives were tested
      for expression of P-1 incompatibility. It was demonstrated by transformation
      experiments that P-1 plasmids were efficiently eliminated from an E. coli host
      following introduction of any one of the derivatives. However, all the
      derivatives were compatible with each other. The cloned segment of pRK248 DNA is
      itself capable of autonomous replication, without being cloned into any plasmid,
      if plasmid-specified gene products are provided in trans. This satellite plasmid
      is eliminated from the cell by the inc P-1 plasmid pRK286. The results argue
      against a partitioning mechanism as the basis for P-1 incompatibility but are
      consistent with incompatibility being the consequence of negative regulation of
      copy number. For the inc P-1 system, susceptibility of the plasmid to
      elimination, but not its ability to eliminate, requires that the P-1 replication
      system is active.

PMID- 395413
TI  - Genetic determination of the donor properties in Escherichia coli K-12. Phenomena
      of chromosome mobilization and integrative suppression.

PMID- 395414
TI  - Mitochondrial and nuclear mutations that affect the biogenesis of the
      mitochondrial ribosomes of yeast. I. Genetics.
AB  - We have isolated about five hundred temperature-sensitive mutants specific for
      the mitochondrial functions. Their growth on glycerol is defective at 36 degrees
      C and/or 20 degrees C. While most of the mutations were nuclearly inherited,
      about thirty were found to be of mitochondrial origin. 1) Four mitochondrial
      mutations (three cryosensitive, one thermosensitive) were localized close to
      chloramphenicol and erythromycin resistance loci of the mitochondrial DNA, that
      is in the region coding for the 23 S ribosomal RNA. One of the mutation
      interfered with the expression of the chloramphenicol resistance gene. 2) A dozen
      nuclear mutations were isolated from a strain which is labelled with
      mitochondrial drug resistance markers (chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and
      paromomycin). Among the temperature sensitive respiratory deficient mutants, we
      have selected the mutations that supress the resistant phenotypes. We describe
      two non allelic such mutations, one being cryosensitive, the other
      thermosensitive. Both supress the expression of the mitochondrial chloramphenicol
      resistance gene. The temperature sensitive growth on glycerol and the modified
      antibiotic phenotype segregated together as a single recessive mutation. A
      biochemical study of these mutants is presented in a joint paper, confirming
      their presumed ribosomal nature.

PMID- 395415
TI  - Mitochondrial and nuclear mutations that affect the biogenesis of the
      mitochondrial ribosomes of yeast. II. Biochemistry.
AB  - 1. Several nuclear mutants have been isolated which showed thermo- or cryo
      sensitive growth on non-fermentable media. Although the original strain carried
      mitochondrial drug resistance mutations (CR, ER, OR and PR), the resistance to
      one or several drugs was suppressed in these mutants. Two of them showed a much
      reduced amount of the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit (37S) and of the
      corresponding 16S ribosomal RNA. Two dimensional electrophoretic analysis did not
      reveal any change in the position of any of the mitochondrial ribosomal proteins.
      However one of the mitochondrial ribosomal proteins. However one of the mutants
      showed a striking decrease in the amounts of three ribosomal proteins S3, S4 and
      S15. 2. Four temperature-sensitive mitochondrial mutations have been localized in
      the region of the gene coding for the large mitochondrial ribosomal RNA (23S).
      These mutants all showed a marked anomaly in the mitochondrial large ribosomal
      subunit (50S) and/or the corresponding 23S ribosomal RNA.

PMID- 395416
TI  - Allele specific, gene unspecific suppressors in Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - Seven suppressor mutations have been isolated in Aspergillus nidulans by
      coreversion of alleles in physiologically unrelated genes namely, alX, sB, alcA,
      putative structural genes for allantoinase, sulphate permease and alcohol
      dehydrogenase respectively. The suppressors are allele specific, gene unspecific.
      Those described map in four loci, suaA, B, C, D. suaA and suaB are on linkage
      group III, suaC and suaD on VII. suaB111, suaD103 and suaD108 are semi-dominant
      in their suppression of alX4 and sB43, suaA101, suaA105 and suaC10. are recessive
      and have a pleiotropic effect on morphology. SuaC109 is cold sensitive for growth
      as is sua115, an unmapped mutation on linkage group III which is similar in
      morphology to suaC109. The two mutations, suaA101 and suaA105 have different
      spectra of suppression and morphologies. suaA105 weakly suppresses alX4 and sB43
      whereas suaA101 strongly suppresses these and alcA125. suaD103 and suaD108 have
      the same spectrum of suppression. The properties of these suppressors are
      consistent with their being informational suppressors are consistent with their
      being informational suppressors of the nonsense type.

PMID- 395417
TI  - Integration of IS3 into IS2 generates a short sequence duplication.
AB  - The Gal+ allele IS2-43 is known to segregate Gal- clones. Among 11 Gal-
      segregants, one was shown to be due to the integration of IS3 into IS2-43.
      Precise excision of the integrated IS3 element occurred at a rate of 5 x 10(
      9)/cell/generation. DNA sequence analysis revealed that the termini of the IS3
      element have the relation of imperfect inverted repeats and it is now flanked by
      a 3bp or 4bp duplication, a size which has not been seen before with other
      elements.

PMID- 395418
TI  - Formate dehydrogenase mutants of Salmonella typhimurium: a new medium for their
      isolation and new mutant classes.
AB  - We have designed a new medium for the differentiation of mutants of Salmonella
      typhimurium defective in the ability to reduce nitrate with formate, and have
      characterized 24 formate dehydrogenase (FDH) mutants isolated on this medium. The
      mutants were assayed for the ability to use formate to reduce benzyl viologen and
      phenazine methosulfate, and were mapped by means of conjugation and P22-mediated
      transduction. Mutants lacking the ability to reduce either dye were found to map
      at three distinct sites: at a site co-transducible with xyl (presumably fdhA), at
      a site or sites between 13U and 33U, but not co-transducible with aroA, bio,
      purB, pyrC, or pyrD (near, but not identical with fdhB), and at asite 10-20% co
      transducible with pyrE, for which we suggest the designation fdhC. Six mutant
      isolates reduced benzyl viologen, but not phenazine methosulfate. They retained
      the ability to produce nitrite during growth with nitrate. They mapped between
      83U and 89U, but no co-transduction was found with metE, glnA, metB, or argH. The
      combined biochemical and genetic data suggest the existence of a gene in this
      area which is essential for the reduction of nitrate with formate, but not for
      formate hydrogenlyase activity or for nitrate reductase activity.

PMID- 395419
TI  - Immune interferon produced in vitro as a quantitative indicator of cell-mediated
      immunity.
AB  - The present study was constructed to provide some information on the possibility
      of utilizing immune interferon as a quantitative indicator of cell-mediated
      immunity and to clarify some of the nature of immune interferon-producing cells
      (IIPC). When spleen cells derived from L cell-sensitized mice were co-cultivated
      with L cells, interferon appeared in the culture fluid. It was shown by
      additional experiments that the cells responsible for immune interferon
      production in this system were T-lymphocytes assisted by macrophages. The pattern
      of kinetics of immune interferon production in vitro was similar to that of
      migration inhibitory factor or T cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

PMID- 395420
TI  - Experimental candida-induced arteritis in mice. Relation to arteritis in the
      mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome.
AB  - An extract of Candida albicans isolated from a patient with typical mucocutaneous
      lymph node syndrome (MCLS) can produce coronary arteritis in a mouse when
      injected intraperitoneally. An unusual feature of this arteritis is that it is
      granulomatous, shows no fibrinoid change and is confined to the coronary
      arteries. These characteristics are quite similar to those found in patients with
      MCLS.

PMID- 395421
TI  - Core-like and microtubular structures in a stable L-form of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 395422
TI  - The reversal immune surveillance hypothesis.
AB  - The proposed reveral immune surveillance hypothesis is based on the
      identification primarily of self and secondarily of foreignness, unlike the
      original hypothesis that is based on the identification of foreignness per se.
      The proposed system is considered to have evolved from the invertebrates through
      to the vertebrates to become more complex in the mammals, and involves the
      identification of cell types by lymphocytes through the cell type surface pattern
      and major histocompatibility antigens. The identification of self and associated
      foreignness by the immune system is required for the regulation of cell
      differentiation and replication, and because of this design, the ability of the
      immune system to destroy foreignness can be regarded as a natural consequence.
      The reversal immune surveillance hypothesis explains why spontaneously occurring
      tumours may not be antigenic, in the sense of eliciting their own destruction,
      and is consistent with the destruction of tumour cells that display significant
      amounts of viral antigens or gross antigenic changes induced by carcinogenic
      agents. It is also able to explain the stimulation and inhibition of tumour
      development.

PMID- 395424
TI  - Diabetes and cancer: a postulated relationship.
AB  - Diabetes leads to periodic fluctuations in levels of nutrients and cyclic
      nucleotides in plasma and various tissues. Variations in cyclic nucleotide
      levels, periods of nutrient elevation and surges of insulin combine to stimulate
      growth. Growth stimulation may be associated with the promotional phase of
      carcinogenesis. Diabetes should therefore predispose the individual to
      carcinogenesis and limited epidemiological data available suggest that it does.

PMID- 395423
TI  - Role of prostaglandins in bronchial asthma.
AB  - It is proposed that the levels of prostaglandin E and F are balanced to the lungs
      and that this balance is upset on exposure to bronchospastic stimuli. The
      beneficial affects of steroids and adrenergic drugs in asthma, thus, could be
      because of their actions on the prostaglandin system. This hypothesis derives
      support from the fact that prostaglandins modify bronchial tone, have anti
      allergic properties, and influence the sympathetic nervous system and immune
      response.

PMID- 395425
TI  - Direct blood transfusion. Its history, with special reference to the Alfred
      Hospital, Melbourne.

PMID- 395426
TI  - Cabbages.

PMID- 395427
TI  - Robert Marshall Allan.

PMID- 395428
TI  - Three great ophthalmologists (E. C. Temple-Smith, Norman Gregg, Arthur
      D'Ombrain).

PMID- 395430
TI  - A would-be Sydney paediatrician of the 1920s.

PMID- 395429
TI  - My four teachers.

PMID- 395431
TI  - Whooping cough immunization.

PMID- 395432
TI  - Florey and after.

PMID- 395433
TI  - [Information for the physician on drugs].

PMID- 395434
TI  - [Liver function under anesthesia and intensive care conditions].

PMID- 395435
TI  - [Comparison of bio-availability, antianaemic efficacy, tolerance and drug costs
      in oral iron(II) and iron(III) preparations (author's transl)].
AB  - In addition to a clinical study which investigated the bio-availability of three
      oral iron preparations S, L and X by using postabsorption serum iron
      concentration curves, the same drugs were compared in order to study their
      antianaemic efficacy, tolerance and drug costs arising during and iron therapy.
      Moreover, these iron drugs were related to other current clinical reports. Within
      all three iron preparations a very good correlation was found between bio
      availability and haematopoietic efficacy: The very good absorbability of the
      bivalent quick release stick capsule preparation S (= 100%) corresponded with a
      very good capacity of haemoglobin regeneration (2,6 +/- 0,4 g Hb/1/day) whereas
      due to a very low absorbability (10% to 16%) the antianaemic efficacy of both
      iron(III) preparations L and X had to be rated as moderate to predominantly poor.
      In normal therapeutic dosis all three iron preparations showed no differences in
      tolerance. The ratio of side effects was similar to that after ingestion of
      placebo. In comparing the drug costs during a therapy leading to a real
      absorption of 1 g of iron the most effective iron(II)sulfate preparation S is 3.6
      to 12.6 times cheaper than the compared trivalent preparations L and X.
      Therefore, there is no justification for the further production or introduction
      on the market of trivalent iron preparations.

PMID- 395436
TI  - [Malariologist, Horace Gillette (H. P. S. Gillette)].

PMID- 395437
TI  - [A case of Louis-Bar syndrome. Diagnostic problems and therapeutic prospects].

PMID- 395438
TI  - Cholinomimetic treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders: a review of recent
      developments.

PMID- 395439
TI  - Polyhydramnios: the value of diagnostic amniocentesis in third trimester
      pregnancies.

PMID- 395440
TI  - Hyperkalemia in chronic stable renal disease.

PMID- 395441
TI  - Spontaneous migration of an intracranial bullet fragment.

PMID- 395442
TI  - Cancer of the urinary bladder in the Pacific Basin.
AB  - The incidence of urinary bladder cancer differs markedly among the different
      ethnic and national groups in the Pacific Basin. Because of these differences,
      the following colaborative studies can be done to identify and characterize
      factors associated with bladder cancer: 1) study population groups with different
      levels of bladder cancer risk who reside in the same geographic setting; 2) study
      ethnically similar groups who differ in risk and reside in different locations;
      and 3) study population groups who differ in risks and reside in different
      geographical regions. Factors possibly related to bladder cancer that have been
      identified and studied by others include occupational exposure to certain
      chemicals, cigarette smoking, coffee drinking, artificial sweeteners, certain
      viruses, radiation exposure, phenacetin, bracken fern, Schistosoma haematobium,
      tryptophan metabolites, nitrosamines, estrogens, hair dyes, vitamin A, and
      ascorbic acid. In collaborative studies, the pathologic interpretation of
      histologic material and the content of the questionnaire should be well
      standardized, and the laboratory tests should be done at one laboratory. Among
      the population groups in the Pacific Basin, the Japanese in Hawaii and in Japan
      provide a unique resource for further investigation with respect to bladder
      cancer.

PMID- 395444
TI  - Encephalomyelitis in mice experimentally infected with Akabane virus.
AB  - Lesions in the central nervous system of mice, induced by intracerebral injection
      of Akabane virus, were observed by the fluorescent antibody technique and
      histological method. Fluorescent antigens were recognized in the cytoplasm of
      nerve cells, but were not detected exactly in any other part. Fluoresced nerve
      cells were distributed almost all over the central nervous system, especially in
      medulla oblongata and spinal cord. The appearance of fluorescent antigens was
      followed by histological changes. So-called Nissl's acute severe degeneration was
      observed in nerve cells in the area where the fluorescent antigens were
      distributed. Spongy foci were seen in medulla oblongata and spinal cord. Virus
      was recovered from brain and spinal cord, but not from any other visceral organ
      or blood. Akabane virus showed an affinity to nerve cells and caused primary
      nonpurulent encephalomyelitis when inoculated intracerebrally to mice.

PMID- 395443
TI  - Immunoperoxidase technique for identification of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M.
      synoviae.
AB  - The direct immunoperoxidase technique was applied to the identification of
      Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M. synoviae by staining colonies on the agar plate.
      The results of this technique applied to 50 isolates of M. gallisepticum and M.
      synoviae correlated with those of the agar gel precipitation test to the same
      isolates. The immunoperoxidase technique was proved to be a specific and reliable
      method for the identification of M. gallisepticum and M. synoviae.

PMID- 395445
TI  - [Recent developments in multiple sclerosis research (author's transl)].

PMID- 395446
TI  - [Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease: a subacute pre-senile and an acute senile case
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 395447
TI  - [Psychiatric, psychological, sociological and ethical implications of
      psychosurgery, with special reference to hypothalamotomy in sexual deviation
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 395448
TI  - [Role theoretical aspects in depressive psychosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 395449
TI  - Help for the patient whose transplant fails.

PMID- 395450
TI  - Conservative management--nursing considerations.

PMID- 395451
TI  - Requirements for ESRD; network organization and functions.

PMID- 395452
TI  - Insulin regulation for the diabetic patient on peritoneal dialysis.

PMID- 395453
TI  - Transplant: a gift of life.

PMID- 395454
TI  - Immunofluorescence demonstrates the distribution of actin, myosin and
      intermediate filaments in cultured neuroblastoma cells.
AB  - Monolayers of cultured neuroblastoma cells were examined for immunofluorescent
      reactivity with antibodies directed against actin, myosin or intermediate
      filaments. In well spread cells, antibody to intermediate filaments stained an
      intricate cytoplasmic network which extended as filament bundles into cell
      processes; in poorly spread or rounded cells, the antibody stained thick
      juxtanuclear filament bundles. By contrast, antibodies to actin or myosin reacted
      with microspikes and with axonal growth cones. The different topographical
      distribution of actin, myosin and intermediate filaments suggests that while
      actin and myosin may have roles in axon elongation, intermediate filaments may
      function as an internal cytoskeleton as well as in axoplasmic transport. The
      different distribution of intermediate filaments in well spread compared with
      rounded cells suggests that the cell makes its filaments prior to axon
      development and that the filaments subsequently unwind and migrate into the cell
      processes to form the axon skeleton.

PMID- 395455
TI  - [Alfred Pischinger--80 years old].

PMID- 395456
TI  - The galloylglucose mordanting effect as postfixative for tissue culture cells
      during SEM studies.

PMID- 395457
TI  - Reserpine induced changes in the islet cytology of the himalayan toad, Bufo
      himalayanus.

PMID- 395458
TI  - [An improved method for the electronmicroscopical target preparation in the inner
      ear (author's transl)].

PMID- 395459
TI  - [Heterotopic allotransplant of the heart and lungs in the rat. Technical note].
AB  - The modalities for the heterotopic transplant of heart-lungs in the rat are
      described in detail. As in the case of all other rat transplants, this type is
      fairly easily performed using the techniques and instruments of microsurgery.
      Special attention is required at the moment of isolating the heart-lung
      preparation, at perfusion of the coronary circulation and with respect to the
      exact positioning of the heart-lung block in the abdomen of the recipient. The
      experimental model may be used for strictly immunological researches or for
      physiology, pharmacology and haemodynamics research.

PMID- 395460
TI  - [Arterial stenosis after renal transplantation].
AB  - Attention is drawn to the fact that renal transplants are quite commonly
      complicated by stenosis of the arterial pedicle. The symptomatology
      (hypertension, oliguria, fever and gradual loss of renal function) points to the
      need for angiography. In about 70% of cases, surgical management in the light of
      the nature of the lesion thus visualised will give good results. Stress is laid
      on the importance of prophylaxis with platelet anti-clumping agents. Pyramidol
      appears to offer encouraging results in this connection.

PMID- 395461
TI  - [Modern views on pathogenesis of gastroduodenal peptic ulcer].

PMID- 395462
TI  - [Intrauterine contraception with bioactive devices. Clinico-statistical
      experience with a copper-potentiated IUD (Gravigard)].

PMID- 395463
TI  - David: a case for ventilation.

PMID- 395464
TI  - Breathing equipment--part 2.

PMID- 395466
TI  - Obituaries: Mrs Annie Isabella Anslow, Eileen Georgina Sherrard.

PMID- 395465
TI  - Consciousness and diabetes.

PMID- 395467
TI  - A rapid method for the detection of leptospiraemia.

PMID- 395468
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of silk, sclera and femoral fascia in the cerclage
      operation].

PMID- 395469
TI  - [Color discrimination thresholds as an index of the functional state of the
      visual analyzer].

PMID- 395470
TI  - [Retrocanal sclerectomy with intralamellar resection of the sclera].

PMID- 395471
TI  - [Clinical and morphological characteristics of the wound process in the eye in
      the presence of a wood splinter in the anterior chamber].

PMID- 395472
TI  - [Current status of the problem of magnetotherapy and the use of magnetic fields
      in ophthalmology].

PMID- 395473
TI  - [Monitoring the immune status of breast cancer patients under adjuvant
      chemotherapy and polychemotherapy].
AB  - The effects of various combinations of chemotherapy on the immunological status
      of breast cancer patients were investigated. The proportion of T cells and B
      cells in the peripheral blood of the patients were followed and the reactivity of
      lymphocytes to the mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was determined. During
      observation periods of 6 months it was found that patients under adjuvant
      chemotherapy developed only a transitory depression of B cells and T cells as
      well as of PHA-induced lymphocyte stimulation. However, patients under
      polychemotherapy showed a marked depression of these immunological markers and
      functions during the whole observation period. The possibility of an improved
      monitoring of chemotherapy in cancer patients by observation of these
      immunological parameters is discussed.

PMID- 395474
TI  - [Effect of therapy on the lymphoid cell distribution in the venous blood of
      breast cancer patients].
AB  - Rosetting properties (E, EAh, EAox, EAC rosettes) and presence of surface
      immunoglobulins (SIg) were examined on peripheral blood lymphocytes from 30
      breast cancer patients immediately prior to therapy and 4 weeks thereafter.
      Therapy consisted of limited radical surgery followed by combined X-ray and
      telecobalt radiotherapy. The results were compared to patients who had received
      the same treatment 1 year ago (n = 13), 2 years ago (n = 13) and 3 to 10 years
      ago (n = 20). All irradiated patients exhibited a considerable leuko- and
      lymphopenia with a particular decrease of E and EAh rosettes, and a concommittant
      relative increase of EAox and EAC rosettes. SIg positive cells showed no
      significantly different percentages before and after therapy although in absolute
      counts they were similarly reduced as the other subpopulations after
      radiotherapy. The possible prognostic influence of radiation induced lymphopenia
      is discussed without coming to clear conclusions.

PMID- 395475
TI  - [ROC-analysis in x-ray study of the breast; a comparative study between film and
      xeromammography].
AB  - A comparative radiographic and histological study was carried out in 126 patients
      with malignant and benign breast lesions. Prior to biopsy an additional film- and
      xeromammogram, both at oblique projection, were taken of each patient. The X-ray
      film was Definix Medical (Kodak), processed 5.5 minutes. The xerograms were taken
      with 1.5 mm aluminium total filtration, and developed by negative mode. The X-ray
      equipment consisted of a Senograph (CGR). The image evaluation was carried out
      independently by seven observers of varying experience in mammography by means of
      ROC-analysis. There is no loss of diagnostic information content in negative mode
      xeromammography, on the contrary, it seems to be slightly superior to film
      mammography.

PMID- 395476
TI  - [Primary spindle cell sarcoma of the pulmonary artery].
AB  - It is reported on a patient with a primary, mainly spindle-cell sarcoma of the
      left pulmonary artery. It is a case of a centrally located tumor, which caused a
      subtotal occlusion of the truncus pulmonalis and a complete occlusion of the left
      pulmonary artery. The diagnostical and therapeutical methods with their results
      and possible complications are discussed. The indication for an operation is
      demonstrated. In the pertinent literature hitherto 35 cases of this disease are
      reported.

PMID- 395478
TI  - Endogenous fungus endophthalmitis (probably Aspergillus).
AB  - A 53-year-old organic chemist developed severe asthma and bronchitis a few weeks
      after professional exposure to plant dust. 15 days later an acute severe
      endophthalmitis occurred. Both the systemic and eye conditions were treated with
      corticosteroids and antibiotics. The atrophic eye which was enucleated 6 months
      later histologically revealed abscesses in the iris, ciliary body, lens and
      vitreous harbouring numerous islands of septate, dichotomously branching hyphae,
      orientated in the same direction and conidiospores, which is considered
      compatible with an aspergillus species.

PMID- 395477
TI  - Effect of hydrocortisone on the development of embryonic chick duodenum--scanning
      electron microscopic and enzymatic studies.

PMID- 395479
TI  - Leber's congenital amaurosis as conceived by Leber.
AB  - Not being satisfied with the present-day diagnosis of Leber's congenital
      amaurosis, the original papers written by Leber were studied. It gradually became
      clear that what Leber had in mind with congenital amaurosis is roughly the same
      as what we know as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. The present diagnosis of
      Leber's congenital amaurosis is not a clinical syndrome but an aspecific symptom
      complex.

PMID- 395480
TI  - [Timofei Sergeevich Zatsepin].

PMID- 395481
TI  - [Epidemics of trauma at the factories and plants in Petersburg during the period
      of capitalism].

PMID- 395482
TI  - [Remembering Janos Angyan].

PMID- 395483
TI  - [Hungarian contributions to the research on Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 395484
TI  - [Erno Jendrassik (1858-1921)].

PMID- 395485
TI  - [Remembering Bela Orovecz, founder of the National Ambulance Service in Hungary
      (1909-1967)].

PMID- 395486
TI  - Gametocytogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro: the cell-cycle.
AB  - Reproducible growth of gametocytes of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro was obtained
      from ring-stages taken directly from naturally infected patients and from the
      same material following storage in liquid nitrogen. Progressive sexual
      differentiation in vitro was examined for a finite period of 9 days in
      microcultures and was, for convenience, divided into 5 stages using established
      morphological criteria (Hawking, Wilson & Gammage, 1971). This microculture
      system was adapted as a bioassay for various anti-metabolites. Drug activity was
      measured by observing the inhibition of the established pattern of sequential
      development in experimental as compared to control cultures. Inhibitors used were
      directed against DNA, RNA and protein metabolism and microtubule assembly. As a
      result of these studies it is proposed that the sexual cell-cycle of P.
      falciparum is characterized by 4 phases. (1) A G1 period which lasts only a few
      hours. (2) The S phase, where DNA synthesis occurs, occupies the remainder of the
      first 2 days of development - both G1 and S are confined to stage I and II
      gametocytes. (3) G2, which is subdivided into 2 sections: G2A, characterized by
      stage II and III gametocytes, in which significant RNA and protein synthesis
      continue to occur; and G2B, where there is a progressive increase in
      transcription control resulting in the depression of both RNA and protein
      synthesis. Nonetheless, continued morphological differentiation occurs in the
      latter section transforming the parasites to stage IV and the morphologically and
      functionally mature stage V. The final M phase is marked by the brief and
      exposive events of gametogenesis, during which further protein synthesis occurs
      de novo. The proposed cell-cycle is examined as a model for studies on the
      activity of gametocytocidal compounds.

PMID- 395487
TI  - [The mitochondrial compartment and its role in cell metabolism].

PMID- 395488
TI  - [Antifungal activity of aromatic essential oils (author's transl)].
AB  - "Paragerm" is commonly used in hospitals where its bactericide action is well
      known. Preliminary tests have been carried out in the laboratory in order to
      study the antifungal power of this product. Variation of the different
      concentrations in the culture medium, variation of the time of contact between
      "Paragerm" and the fungus and both the mechanical and chemical effects of the
      product have shown that, among the species selected, certain were more sensitive
      and others more resistant to this solution and that, in our experimentation,
      "Paragerm" had a fungistatic effect.

PMID- 395489
TI  - [A study of the frequency of protozoa and yeasts isolated from the parodontium of
      509 subjects (author's transl)].
AB  - The protozoa Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax together with yeasts of
      the genus Candida were investigated in the mouth (gums or neck of tooth) of 509
      healthy or diabetic subjects. A study of the possible correlation between
      presence of these parasites and various local or general factors, showed that
      neither the sex, maxillo-facial anomalies nor smoking had any influence on
      parasite incidence. Entamoeba gingivalis was encountered in 85 per cent of
      subjects free from parodontopathy. Numerous factors influenced the presence of
      Trichomonas tenax: age, social status, alcohol consumption, dental condition and
      gingival pathology. Presence of Candida was associated with diabetes, poor buccal
      hygiene and dental condition.

PMID- 395490
TI  - [Localization of urinary infection by immunofluorescence of bacteria (author's
      transl)].
AB  - After having presented a method to detect antibody coated bacteria, the authors
      give reports about the first result they obtained with this technic. Among 41
      patients they got a positive immunofluorescence in 18 of them, corresponding with
      a rate of 80% to the clinical and biological explorations. This research about
      antibody coated bacteria permits to state whether the kidney tissue is affected
      or not.

PMID- 395491
TI  - [Carcinoembryonic antigen in carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Correlations with
      clinical stage, histopathology, and survival about 115 cases (author's transl)].
AB  - Carcinoembryonic antigen is elevated in the serum of approximately 35% (35/98) of
      patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The incidence of elevated serum
      CEA is not related to stage of disease, histopathology, lymphangiogram and
      survival rate. Carcinoembryonic antigen levels return to normal after curative
      radiation therapy (25/32). Persistently high values after irradiation are
      indicative of residual disease (3/32). Reappearance of CEA, with a progressive
      rise evoke a recurrence, and may precede the clinical diagnosis.

PMID- 395492
TI  - [Biological and pharmacological effects of carrageenan (author's transl)].
AB  - Carrageenan is sulfated polysaccharide which has been extensively used as
      emulsifier and thickening agent in the food industry, for its ability to induce
      acute inflammation in pharmacology and for its selectively toxic effect for
      macrophages in immunology. Carrageenan is a complex substance which displays
      various biological properties. The authors have shown the extent of these actions
      and reviewed the latest investigations on this subject.

PMID- 395493
TI  - [Hypophosphatemia (author's transl)].
AB  - Too often neglected, dosage of phosphatemia should yet be kept on mind. The role
      of phosphorus in bone mineralisation and regulation of acid-base balance is well
      known. Phosphorus is also an energy purveyor during numerous biologic reactions,
      and depp deprivation may lead to a lot of pathologic situations, sometimes
      severe. Mild hypophosphatemia is not rare and occurs in various clinical or
      therapeutic circumstances; deep hypophosphatemia is rather uncommon, occuring
      chiefly during hyperalimentation or realimentation of starving patients,
      especially alcoolics. Deep hypophosphatemia (by depletion or transfert) mainly
      induces clinical and pathological manifestations; they are subsequent to
      alterations of glucose metabolism, leading to a failure in ATP and 2,3 DPG
      synthesis. these metabolic events particularly explain muscular and hematological
      manifestations of hypophosphatemia. Phosphorus loading per os, or in severe cases
      intravenously corrects the biological abnormalities and improves clinical
      manifestations.

PMID- 395494
TI  - Determination of blood urea by gas-liquid chromatography. A comparison with two
      other methods.
AB  - An original method for the quantitative determination of plasmatic urea by gas
      liquid chromatography (GLC) is described. It is based upon the transformation of
      urea into urethane by alcoholic deamination in a warm and strictly anhydrous
      medium. Compared with the two other usual methods (enzymatic and colorimetric),
      the GLC technique is extremely reliable and specific, and can easily be adapted
      to biological fluids.

PMID- 395495
TI  - [Technics and applications of transfer factor (author's transl)].
AB  - Transfer factor is produced by dialysis of repeatedly frozen and thawed pooled
      buffy coats of healthy blood donors. However, "specific Transfer Factor" of
      bacteriological or mycological type, prepared from hyperimmunized donors would be
      more effective for restoring cellular immunity.

PMID- 395497
TI  - E. Cowles Andrus (1896--1978) eighth president of the Pavlovian Society.

PMID- 395496
TI  - ["In vitro" activity of cefamandole, cefalotin, cefoxitin and cefuroxim against
      enterobacteria and Staphylococcus aureus isolated in hospital (author's transl)].
AB  - The in vitro activity of cefamandole was compared with that of cephalotin,
      cefoxitin, and cefuroxime against 612 bacterial strains isolated in hospital.
      Cephalotin was more active than cefamandole and the other two cephalosporins
      against oxacillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus strains. In contrast, the
      activity of cefamandole was superior to that of the other cephalosporins against
      oxacillin-resistant strains of S. aureus. This improved activity was confirmed by
      study in media with a high salt content and by population analysis. The activity
      of cefamandole against cephalotin-sensitive enterobacteria was superior to that
      of the other cephalosporins. Its activity was comparable to that of cefoxitin and
      cefuroxime against cephalotin-resistant strains. However, there were marked
      variations in this activity in relation to the different species. The therapeutic
      use of these new cephalosporins, and of cefamandole in particular, should thus be
      selective and based on the results of bacteriologic studies.

PMID- 395498
TI  - Extrahepatic biliary atresia: concepts of cause, diagnosis, and management.

PMID- 395500
TI  - Speech on Mother Theresa of Calcutta, awarded Nobel Prize for peace.

PMID- 395499
TI  - Substrate utilization during prolonged exercise preceded by ingestion of 13C
      glucose in glycogen depleted and control subjects.

PMID- 395501
TI  - This issue's personality: Mrs. Soledad R. Narciso.

PMID- 395502
TI  - [Effects of minoxidil on blood pressure and plasma volume in refractory
      hypertension (author's transl)].
AB  - We substituted minoxidil for dihydralazine in the treatment of 10 patients with
      refractory hypertension. Supine diastolic blood pressure decreased from 114 +/-
      15 mmHg ou dihydralazine to 90 +/- 10 mmHg after one week on minoxidil (mean +/-
      ISD, p less than 0.01), the concomitant therapy being unchanged (sodium depletion
      and betablockade in all patients, methyl dopa or clonidine in seven).
      Simultaneously themean plasma volume increased by 395 ml (p less than 0.02) with
      no correlation to the decrease in blood pressure, and with no change in plasma
      renin activity and plasma aldosterone. Further expansion of plasma volume was
      prevented by furosemide, individual dosage requirement ranging from 40 to 500
      mg/day, irrespective of the renal function. fter three to six months of
      ambulatory treatment a satisfactory blood pressure control was maintained.
      Hirsuties appeared in all our patients, but no subjective side effects was
      reported.

PMID- 395503
TI  - [Demonstration of HBs antigens in the dermal blood vessels using
      immunofluorescence. Preliminary results].

PMID- 395504
TI  - [Bactericidal activity of aminosides in a static system and in a dynamic model].

PMID- 395506
TI  - [Estimation of lung water with 131I-antipyrine and 99mTc-HSA (author's transl)].
AB  - Extravascular lung water is estimated in vivo from indicator dilution curves of
      diffusible and non-diffusible tracers utilizing their different transit times as
      they pass the lung microvessels. 131I-antipyrine as the diffusible and 99mTc-HSA
      as the non-diffusible tracer were injected simultaneously, using a pneumatic
      injector. Indices for rELW/V and rELW/F were calculated using programs previously
      published, and gave numerical values for the presence and intensity of pulmonary
      interstitial oedema. Inaccuracies due to sequential inputs are avoided. 131I
      antipyrine has a more convenient pulmonary interstitial oedema. Inaccuracies due
      to sequential inputs are avoided. 131I-antipyrine has a more convenient shelflife
      and can therefore serve for emergency and follow-up examinations. The results do
      not differ significantly form those with 123I-antipyrine, and the higher
      radiation burden is tolerable. A mobile set-up for bed-side measurements is
      described.

PMID- 395505
TI  - Thermal perturbation differential spectra of ribonucleic acids. II. Nearest
      neighbour interactions.
AB  - Dinucleoside monophosphates are used here as models for studying sequence
      dependence of the hypochromic effect correlated with base stacking. It was shown
      that once the contribution due to the temperature dependent hydration change of
      the bases is substracted from the thermal perturbation difference spectra of
      dinucleoside monophosphates, the absorbance change of the dimer only due to
      unstacking of the bases could be obtained. In order to be able to use these
      corrected thermal perturbation difference spectra as models for studying nearest
      neighbour interactions in nucleic acids, it was necessary to normalize them to
      100% unstacking of the bases. To perform this normalization, apparent
      thermodynamic parameters were extracted from the corrected transition curves by
      means of the two-state model.

PMID- 395507
TI  - [Autoantibodies in patients with malignant tumors].

PMID- 395508
TI  - [Results of ledakrin treatment of patients with neoplastic effusions].

PMID- 395510
TI  - Life that gave light to student nurses in India (Indira Dorabji).

PMID- 395509
TI  - [Participation of Polish physicians in Polish and international oncological
      conferences during 1918-1938].

PMID- 395511
TI  - [Results of local treatment of pleural aspergillosis].

PMID- 395512
TI  - [Cytogenetic studies for diagnosis of neoplastic exudates].

PMID- 395513
TI  - [Bronchial hypersensitivity--methodological problems and research perspectives].

PMID- 395514
TI  - [Therapeutic value of terbutaline].

PMID- 395515
TI  - [Epidemiology of lung cancer in Poland during the years 1963-1977].

PMID- 395516
TI  - [Lung cancer in patients treated in a respiratory tract disease department of the
      Cracow Special Hospital in the years 1956-1977].

PMID- 395517
TI  - [Comparison of the anorectic effect of mazindol and placebo in obesity].

PMID- 395518
TI  - [Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy].

PMID- 395519
TI  - Medical treatment of endometriosis: a comparative trial.
AB  - In a comparison of danazol, and mestranol with norethynodrel (Enavid, Searle) in
      the treatment of endometriosis danazol was shown to be superior. Danazol is
      however relatively ineffective when large tumours or extensive adhesions are
      present and such patients will usually need a surgical operation. Women who have
      completed their families and who have severe symptoms will be better treated by
      hysterectomy. Treatment with danazol is indicated for young women with mild or
      moderate endometriosis. Danazol treatment may also be given postoperatively after
      conservative operations.

PMID- 395521
TI  - Danazol treatment of benign breast disease: a survey of U.S.A. multi-centre
      studies.
AB  - 514 patients with benign breast disease provided records from multicentre studies
      in the U.S.A. Results showed that a high proportion responded with either
      decrease or elimination of symptoms, response usually being apparent 15 to 45
      days after commencing treatment. Dosage schedules varied between 50 and 400 mg
      danazol daily and length of treatment between 15 and 196 days. There was a
      tendency for patients with more severe symptoms to respond better to the higher
      dosages, and for the elimination rate for all grades of severity to improve with
      time. Side effects were not severe, and of the expected type including weight
      gain, oiliness of skin and hair, and acne.

PMID- 395520
TI  - Aspects of fibrocystic disease of the breast. Treatment with danazol.
AB  - The differing aspects of fibrocystic disease are presented. The various
      histological components making up the breast account for the variegated
      presentation of symptoms and findings. Pain, tenderness and nodularity represent
      the greatest problem with the former two prompting the patient to seek relief.
      The latter symptom, nodularity, causes concern for patient and physician as such
      changes must be distinguished from those of carcinoma of the breast. Guidelines
      for and consideration of premalignant benign changes are briefly presented. Data
      from a clinical trial of danazol for the patients with fibrocystic disease are
      presented. The drug was highly effective in affording relief from pain and
      tenderness. Some diminution in nodularity was also seen. The impact of this drug
      on the problems associated with fibrocystic disease of the breast is discussed.

PMID- 395522
TI  - The use of danazol in the treatment of painful benign breast disease: preliminary
      results.
AB  - The preliminary results of a double-blind randomized cross-over trial of danazol
      versus placebo in patients with severe cyclical breast pain are reported. Though
      numbers are small at present, the results are encouraging.

PMID- 395523
TI  - Danazol treatment of chronic cystic mastopathy: a clinical and hormonal
      evaluation.
AB  - Danazol, a new synthetic steroid, was administered at a dose of 400 mg daily for
      two months to 16 premenopausal women with chronic cystic mastopathy. The clinical
      and hormonal effects (serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating
      hormone (FSH), prolactin, progesterone, testosterone and urinary oestrogens,
      pregnanediol, pregnanetriol, androsterone and etiocholanolone) were evaluated
      after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. Using the same dosage and duration of
      treatment, danazol (13 patients) was compared with placebo (12 patients) in a
      double blind randomized clinical trial. Danazol proved to be significantly more
      effective than placebo in relieving symptoms. Combining the open and double blind
      study (27 patients), danazol treatment resulted in complete relief in 14 patients
      and improvement in 11. The main endocrine changes during danazol treatment were
      related to the drug's ovulation inhibiting effect. Amenorrhoea, irregular
      bleeding and weight gain (mean 2.1 kg) were significant side effects.

PMID- 395524
TI  - Dosage aspects of danazol therapy in the treatment of endometriosis.
AB  - Danazol is effective in the treatment of endometriosis. Individual patient
      response is very variable as is dosage requirement. The appropriate dose for
      maintenance therapy for any particular patient is best determined by a trial and
      error method, starting with a recommended initial dosage. Side effects are
      slight.

PMID- 395525
TI  - Treatment of unexplained infertility with danazol.
AB  - In order to investigate the possible stimulatory effect of danazol on fertility,
      a randomized clinical trial was performed on 40 women with unexplained
      infertility. Twenty-one women received 200 mg danazol daily for 100 days and 19
      women received a placebo for the same period. No pregnancies occurred in the
      placebo group during a 6 month follow-up period. In the danazol group, 5
      pregnancies occurred of which 1 were ectopic and 3 went to term.

PMID- 395526
TI  - Danazol and the premenstrual syndrome.
AB  - Danazol as a powerful antigonadotrophin is a logical mode of treatment for
      patients with premenstrual symptoms. Its preliminary use in a dose 200-800 mg
      daily is reported. Two groups of patients were treated and of 12 patients with
      severe symptoms (Group I) six benefited from treatment. The second group (Group
      II) presenting as fresh cases were given 400 mg daily as the first or second
      choice of treatment. This group had a high drop out rate and any benefit from
      treatment was marred by the side effects. Danazol will continue to be used where
      the symptoms are resistant to other treatment, especially when breast tenderness
      is predominant. The dose should be the minimum required for relief of symptoms.

PMID- 395527
TI  - Preliminary results on clinical and endocrine studies in the treatment of
      menorrhagia with danazol.
AB  - Preliminary results are presented on the effect of 400, 200 and 100 mg of daily
      danazol on measured menstrual blood loss, in women with menorrhagia. Both 400 and
      200 mg daily effectively suppressed menstrual blood loss, 400 mg reducing
      menstrual blood loss from a pretreatment mean of 456 +/- 48 ml to 45  +/- 26 ml
      and 6 +/- 5 ml during the second and third months of treatment. Menstrual blood
      loss on 100 mg danazol was only minimally reduced. After two to three months on
      danazol, the pituitary showed ability to respond to gonadotrophin releasing
      hormone and to oestradiol benzoate. A lack of effect of danazol on most
      coagulation and fibrinolytic factors was demonstrated.

PMID- 395528
TI  - [Outline of the structural biology of the alveolo-capillary barrier].

PMID- 395529
TI  - The hypothalmaus and reproduction in the female.

PMID- 395530
TI  - [Obstructive diseases of the respiratory tract due to chemically irritative or
      toxic substances (author's transl)].

PMID- 395531
TI  - [Ambrosius was not a dinosaur--on the anniversary of the Hansa Youth
      Organization. Attempt at an interpretation].

PMID- 395532
TI  - [Social aspects of leprosy].

PMID- 395533
TI  - [Some views of the actual possibilities in the treatment of facial palsy
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 395534
TI  - [Dehydration effect on the fatty acid composition of lipids in baker's yeast
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae 14].
AB  - The effect of dehydration on the fatty acid composition of lipids in baker's
      yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 14 cultivated on the ethanol (1.5%) containing
      medium in the presence or absence of glutamic acid and biotin or on molasses (2%)
      was studied. In spite of a relatively low drying temperature (35 degrees C), the
      correlation between saturated and non-saturated fatty acids may vary within 40-
      60 min.

PMID- 395535
TI  - [Effect of fungal cellulases on enzymic activity of malt].
AB  - In order to increase malt enzymic activity, cellulases from the fungus Geotrichum
      candidum were used. Malt milk was processed for 1--3 hr at 40 degrees C and pH
      6.0--6.5 by the fungal preparation or culture fluid filtrate used in such
      quantities in which there were 0.5 to 9.0 units of cellulase activity per g malt.
      During the process enzymic activities of malt increased significantly:
      dextrinating activity--by 73%, amylolytic activity--by 60--100%, saccharifying
      activity--by 3.4 times, and proteolytic activity--by 2 times.

PMID- 395536
TI  - Insulin and the phosphorylation of intracellular proteins.
AB  - Protein phosphorylation is a ubiquitous form of posttranslational protein
      modification in mammalian cells which often serves to regulate protein function.
      Insulin alters the activity of a number of enzymes known to be regulated via
      phosphorylation. With the premise that altered protein phosphorylation might be
      an obligatory intermediate step in insulin action, we have examined the effects
      of insulin on the phosphorylation of the major phosphopeptides in adipocytes and
      hepatocytes. Insulin affects overall protein phosphorylation in two ways: 1)
      Insulin selectively stimulates the phosphorylation of a major peptide in adipose
      tissue (MW 123,000) and liver (MW 46,000) through a mechanism independent of cAMP
      and the cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Net dephosphorylation is not observed with
      insulin as the sole hormone. 2) Insulin antagonizes cAMP-directed protein
      phosphorylation. The mechanism of insulin-stimulated phosphorylation and the
      possible role of this phenomenon in overall insulin action is discussed.

PMID- 395537
TI  - Receptor-bound insulin as a substrate for insulin degradation in adipocytes.
AB  - Isolated rat adipocytes were incubated with 125I-labeled insulin (about 100
      pmoles/liter) at 37 degrees C, pH 7.4, and the label associated with the cells
      was measured by a modified oil-flotation method. The binding of tracer alone was
      at least 10 times higher than the binding in the presence of insulin (1
      mumole/liter.) Under conditions with low rates of insulin degradation (4% per
      hour or less) the amount of label associated with the cells was constant from 40-
      180 min and about 80% of the label was extracted (acetic acid 3 moles/liter, urea
      6 moles/liter) as iodoinsulin as judged by gel filtration followed by titration
      with antiinsulin antibody. The remaining 20% coeluted with iodotyrosine. At
      steady state about half of the label dissociated from the cells as iodoinsulin
      and about half as iodotyrosine, as judged by gel filtration and paper
      chromatography in two solvent systems. The degradation of receptor-bound insulin
      was independent of the receptor occupancy. "Nonspecifically" bound labeled
      insulin (ie, in the presence of unlabeled insulin 1 mumole/liter) was not
      degraded. It is concluded that receptor-bound insulin is a substrate for
      degradation in adipocytes and about half of the molecules are degraded at 37
      degrees, pH 7.4. The only identified labeled degradation product is iodotyrosine
      and the pool size within the cell seems to be about 20%.

PMID- 395538
TI  - Relaxin: an insulin-related growth factor.
AB  - Relaxin is an ovarian peptide that is released just prior to parturition to
      effect changes in the tissues of the birth canal that aid in the delivery of the
      fetus. Structural studies established that the two constituent polypeptide
      chains, composed of 22 and 30 amino acids, are joined by two interchain disulfide
      bonds with an additional third intrachain bridge. As well as the identical
      pattern of disulfide bonds, relaxin shows an overall 25% identity with insulin.
      Furthermore, the sequence of relaxin can be incorporated into the known three
      dimensional structure of insulin without significant distortion of the main
      polypeptide chain backbone. The discovery of the insulin-relatedness of relaxin
      brings to three the number of growth factors that share a common structural gene
      precursor with insulin. Nerve growth factor and insulin-like growth factor have
      already been so identified. Inclusion in this hormone family suggests that the
      mechanism of action may involve internalization as well as complexation with cell
      surface receptors of target cells.

PMID- 395539
TI  - Aminoglycoside renal cortical kinetics: a clue to mechanisms of nephrotoxicity.
AB  - In the presence of healthy renal tissues, aminoglycosides demonstrate important
      differences in quantitative renal cortical accumulation. These phenomena may
      correlate with clinical toxicity. Proximal tubular reabsorptive pathways appear
      to be of key significance in the production of high renal cortical drug
      concentrations. It appears that such drug transport can be blocked competitively.
      The presence of severe disease in renal tissues significantly influences the
      intrarenal distribution characteristics of antibiotics and is associated with
      reduced parenchymal concentration of all drugs, with the exception of
      doxycycline. Studies defining the intrarenal gradient characteristics of drugs
      provide us with a better understanding of factors of importance in appropriate
      antibiotic selection for the treatment of renal infections. The investigations
      also contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of antibiotic-induced
      nephrotoxicity and the potential clinical management by which such nephrotoxicity
      can be avoided. Study of the multiple physiologic and pathophysiologic factors
      that influence drug concentrations within the kidney should continue to provide
      us with information of both therapeutic and toxicologic value.

PMID- 395540
TI  - [Efficacy trial of the antimicrobial preservation of pharmaceutical preparations.
      3d joint report of the Committee for Laboratories and Official Services for the
      Control of Drugs and the Section of Industrial Pharmacists--International
      Pharmacy Federation, June 1979].

PMID- 395541
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of inhibitors of platelet aggregation.

PMID- 395542
TI  - [Anti-arrhythmia agents].

PMID- 395543
TI  - In honour of Bernard B. Brodie.

PMID- 395544
TI  - Multiple pathways of DNA repair in bacteria and their roles in mutagenesis.

PMID- 395545
TI  - DNA repair and mutagenesis in mammalian cells.

PMID- 395546
TI  - Relationship between mutagenesis and carcinogenesis.

PMID- 395547
TI  - Models relating ultraviolet light and non-melanoma skin cancer incidence.

PMID- 395548
TI  - Measurement of DNA crosslinks by S1 nuclease: induction and repair in psoralen
      plus-360 nm light treated Escherichia coli.

PMID- 395549
TI  - Photobiological activity in yeast of derivatives of psoralen substituted at the
      3,4 and/or the 4',5' reaction site.

PMID- 395551
TI  - Lacunar strokes.
AB  - Arterial hypertension causes the formation of small lacunes, or ischemic brain
      infarcts, which may result in transient ischemic attacks, hemiparesis, sensory
      loss, ataxic hemiparesis, or dysarthria. Usually these effects are reversible
      with physical therapy, but multiple lesions may lead to dementia. Prevention of
      lacunar disease is possible with vigorous control of hypertension.

PMID- 395550
TI  - Light effects in yeast: persisting oscillations in cell division activity and
      amino acid transport in cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae entrained by light
      dark cycles.

PMID- 395552
TI  - Acute behavioral derangements without hemiplegia in cerebrovascular accidents.
AB  - In addition to regulating sensory and motor function, the human brain is also
      involved in the coordination of complex mental processes. In some cerebrovascular
      accidents, hemiplegia may be completely absent and deficits of language,
      behavior, and memory may dominate the clinical picture.

PMID- 395553
TI  - Does the frequency of definitions for a particular drug in slang dictionaries
      predict quantity of knowledge of the slang?

PMID- 395554
TI  - Relaxation as principal treatment for excessive cigarette use and caffeine
      ingestion by a college female.

PMID- 395555
TI  - The aquarium as a therapeutic aid.

PMID- 395556
TI  - Deterring effect of executions on murder as a function of number and proportion
      of executions.

PMID- 395557
TI  - Conditions which occasion depression: a review of three behavioral models.

PMID- 395558
TI  - Bereavement as an antecedent factor in thyrotoxicosis of childhood: four case
      studies with survey of possible metabolic pathways.
AB  - Various organic and psychosomatic factors have been postulated over the years as
      etiologic events antedating the onset of Graves' disease. In some patients
      psychological events have appeared to be important in the evocation of symptoms.
      Although examples of the latter have been described in adults for many years,
      there is little published on this phenomenon in children. The present study
      delineates findings in two boys and two girls with an age range of 8 to 14 years.
      Separating experiences appeared to be related to the onset or relapse of Graves'
      disease in these particular cases. In three of the patients the trigger event was
      represented by bereavement after death of a close relative; in the fourth case
      the boy's loss was enforced and traumatic separation from his mother figure. In
      all these children depression was the common response to loss. The observed
      relationship between the affective disturbance and Graves' disease is compatible
      with one or more hypothetical models. One such pathway, via depletion of brain
      monoamines associated with the state of depression, could cause an activation of
      the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis with resultant suppression of immune
      surveillance. This could permit the formation of thyroid-stimulating
      immunoglobulins (TSI) and hence Graves' disease in genetically susceptible (HLA B
      8) persons.

PMID- 395559
TI  - Hyperlipidaemia following renal transplantation. A study of the prevalence,
      'natural history' and dietary treatment.
AB  - In a study of 70 renal transplant patients, the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia
      eight to 28 months following transplantation was found to be 59 per cent. High
      density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were normal but low-density
      lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were significantly elevated compared with
      controls. Lipid levels, measured before and sequentially after transplantation
      for 22 months in 10 patients were elevated over the first six to 10 months.
      Thereafter the lipid values returned to normal in most patients. This change
      coincided with the attainment of maintenance steroid dosage (usually prednisolone
      10 mg. daily; mean 12.5 mg). A diet designed to decrease cholesterol and increase
      polyunsaturated fat intake, resulted in a significant reduction of serum
      cholesterol levels but not of triglyceride values over a four week period. The
      results suggest that the hyperlipidaemia in the initial months after
      transplantation may well be related to the high dose steroid therapy during this
      period, and the levels of lipid return to normal once low dose maintenance
      therapy is attained. Lipid profiles and levels in the first eight to 12 months
      are variable and should not form the basis for therapy or assessment. Dietary
      modification alone is unlikely to be an effective form of treatment of severe
      hyperlipidaemia in these patients.

PMID- 395560
TI  - Acute renal failure due to bacterial pyelonephritis.
AB  - Five patients who presented with acute renal failure in association with urinary
      tract infection are reported. Renal function improved rapidly on antibacterial
      therapy and no alternative cause for acute renal failure could be identified.
      None had previously been known to have renal disease but three of the five had
      taken considerable amounts of analgesics. The unusual severity of renal
      functional impairment resulting from urinary tract infection in these patients is
      unexplained but may relate to previous analgesic abuse and/or delay in treatment.
      Since acute non-obstructive pyelonephritis may result in severe reversible renal
      failure, this diagnosis must be considered in patients presenting with acute
      uraemia.

PMID- 395561
TI  - Chronic renal failure.

PMID- 395562
TI  - [A rapid method for the isolation of Salmonellae from faeces (author's transl)].
AB  - A rapid and simple method for detecting Salmonellae in faeces was developed. It
      was based on the motility of Salmonellae through a semi-solid medium in a U-tube.
      The migration of other intestinal bacteria was retarded by means of a magnesium
      salt concentration. 474 stool specimens were examined for Salmonellae in parallel
      with the usual isolation method. A total of 39 Salmonella strains were isolated,
      37 (94.9%) by means of the selective migration procedure, 26 (66.7%) when the
      routine method was applied. Two strains of patients in chemo-therapy were missed
      by the rapid method, which was moreover inefficient in detecting S. typhi, due to
      its slow motility. However, the rapid method is recommended in addition to
      conventional mediums in screening of carriers for its higher frequency of
      positive isolations compared with multistep procedure (+27.3%).

PMID- 395564
TI  - [Pathogenicity of E. coli: biological aspects and problems related to laboratory
      diagnosis (author's transl)].
AB  - The biological properties which may contribute to the pathogenicity of E. coli
      are reviewed in this article. Specifically the following topics are discussed in
      detail: 1) adhesion to the intestinal epithelial cells, 2) production of
      enterotoxins, 3) invasiveness of and ability to multiply within the epithelial
      cells, 4) insensitivity to complement lysis or inability to activate the
      alternative pathway of complement, 5) resistance to phagocytic killing. The
      various techniques which might be of potential usefulness in the clinical
      laboratory to test the parameters of the pathogenicity of E. coli are briefly
      outlined. The dissociation between the definition of pathogenicity, as
      established on the basis of the results of E. coli serotyping, and the criteria
      of pathogenicity listed above is brought to the attention of the reader. As
      specificity regards the toxinogenicity, what emerged from a survey of the
      literature, was that only one of the so called "enteropathogenic" strains of E.
      coli, according to the serotype classification, was found to produce an
      enterotoxin.

PMID- 395563
TI  - [Recent acquisitions concerning pathogenic enterobacteria].
AB  - A subdivision of enterobacteria is made into classic pathogens and saprophytic
      species which become opportunistic agents of various syndromes. After a review of
      the epidemiological situation in Central Italy regarding salmonellosis and
      shigellosis, an analysis of the E. coli types involved in the enteritis syndromes
      is carried out. Other topics discussed in the article are the sistemic infections
      by Serratia, Kelbsiella, Enterobacter and Proteus strains; moreover the causative
      agents of urinary tract infections are reviewed. The role played in human
      pathology by all the enterobacteria allows to conclude that the work of the
      laboratorist would be closely cooperative with one of clinician in order to
      evaluate correctly the etio-epidemiological significance of the microbiological
      findings.

PMID- 395565
TI  - Mary Vaughan--an appreciation.

PMID- 395566
TI  - Nutrition of the Syrian golden hamster.

PMID- 395567
TI  - Recent advances in hamster genetics.

PMID- 395568
TI  - Cytogenetics of Syrian hamster and its relationships to in vitro neoplastic
      transformation.

PMID- 395569
TI  - Susceptibility and resistance to chemical carcinogens in inbred Syrian hamsters.

PMID- 395570
TI  - The use of the Syrian hamster in toxicology studies, with emphasis on
      carcinogenesis bioassay.

PMID- 395571
TI  - Model studies in tobacco carcinogenesis with the Syrian golden hamster.

PMID- 395572
TI  - [The subcomponent C1q of the first component of human complement--its structure
      and similarities to the collagen molecules (author's transl)].

PMID- 395573
TI  - [Terminal transferase in hematopoietic and leukemic cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 395574
TI  - [Histone phosphorylation and function of chromatin during cell cycle. (II)--The
      sites of H1 phosphorlation (author's transl)].

PMID- 395575
TI  - [Laser raman spectroscopy of protein molecules (author's transl)].

PMID- 395576
TI  - [A study of candidiasis in newborn infants].

PMID- 395577
TI  - [A nursing problem - insulin-induced lipodystrophy].

PMID- 395578
TI  - [Contribution of agglutination reactions to the diagnosis of typhoid fever].

PMID- 395579
TI  - [Etiology of neonatal bacterial infections].

PMID- 395580
TI  - [Blood exchange transfusion in severe infections in the newborn infant].

PMID- 395581
TI  - [Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic situations in an intensive care unit].

PMID- 395582
TI  - [Effect of physico-chemical factors of the soil on the Oribatid population].
AB  - Orbatid populations present in the ground of four randomly selected patches of
      land for calf farming underwent ecology during four months. The statistical
      analysis of results disclosed a highly significative decrease of the population
      in one out of such patches of land. The physicochemical analysis of earth samples
      from each patch of land permitted the explanation for the phenomenon on the basis
      of an increased calcium concentration in the least populated patch of land.

PMID- 395583
TI  - [In vitro effectiveness of salicylic, benzoic and boric acid and diiodine thymol
      solutions on various strains of dermatophytes].
AB  - In order to study the in vitro behavior of the drug used according to our formula
      cultures of Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton
      verrucosum, Trichophyton tonsurans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gallinae,
      Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum were
      prepared in order to prove its efficacy. It was found no growth in cultures to
      which the drug was added in different concentrations thus proving its efficacy as
      a fungistatic element. The inocula obtained were re-cultured in the same medium
      having no drug and no growth was evidenced; this would suggest its efficacy as a
      fungicide. This efficacy was proved for the different concentrations, that is,
      from the minimal coinentration (0.1 ml) up to the 1 ml concentration the drug
      disclosed fungicide power. The untreated controls which were recultured from the
      original strains grew according to their common development rhythm.

PMID- 395585
TI  - [Toxoplasmosis: historical summary and bibliographic review].
AB  - A chronologic description of the principal events and discoveries related to
      toxoplasmosis from 1908 when the causal agent was discovered up to date is
      performed. The main data with a parasitic interest are summarized, and the
      endodiogenic multiplication is explained. The cat is the definitive host for this
      protozoan. Its evolutive cycle in the intestinal epithelium of this domestic
      animal is commented. The oocyst is recognized as the main infecting form of this
      microorganism. The classical concepts of congenital and acquired histoplasmosis
      are briefly exposed. A brief comment of the ophthalmic and gyneco-obstetric
      complications from the disease is made. Possible relationships between
      toxoplasmic adenopathies and neurotic states in psychiatry are emphasized.

PMID- 395584
TI  - [Toxoplasmosis and mental diseases].
AB  - One hundred mentally handicapped patients admitted to the 10 de octubre clinical
      surgical teaching hospital in the Havana city, 100 patients admitted to the day
      hospital of such institution and 100 normal subjects were studied. The first two
      groups had different psychiatric diseases. They underwent toxoplasmin tests. The
      percentage of reactors increased from 30% among healthy subjects to 45,9% among
      the those attending the day hospital and to 60% among those admitted to wards;
      this is statistically significative. It is concluded that the higher the severity
      of the psychiatric disease, the poorer the hygienic habits and the higher the
      contact with the parasite phocuses.

PMID- 395586
TI  - [Mycobacterium cubense. A new pigmented species of slow growth].
AB  - The isolation of an acid-fast microorganism of the genus Mycobacterium is
      reported. Its most relevant characteristics are the intense red color and the
      initial spheric shape of colonies which furtherly evolve to a peculiar division.
      The biochemical products from test bacteria as niacin, nitrase, lipase,
      phosphatase, TCH, catalase, peroxidase and a series of 11 amides as well as the
      tests for susceptibility against antibacillary drugs and biological tests are
      described. The patterns obtained permit the characterization of this species as
      one non previously described. The name Mycobacterium cubense, n. sp. is
      suggested.

PMID- 395588
TI  - Microwave radiation: an epidemiologic assessment.
AB  - Microwave radiation is coming into increasing use in many countries; it is in use
      in communications, in industry, for ovens in the home and in commercial
      establishments and for diathermy. The power output is increasing steadily and
      community exposure is already a fact. East European countries claim that adverse
      effects can result from exposure substantially lower than levels permitted in
      Western countries. Also some of the effects claimed are frequent and disabling.
      Prolonged and cumulative exposure is especially suspect. While studies in animals
      are necessary, studies in man cannot be dispensed with. Extrapolation from on
      species of animal to another, and even more, to man, is hazardous. Moreover,
      epidemiologic studies are needed to uncover the potentially wide variety of
      subtle effects, especially mental. Fortunately, there are indices of exposure
      which can be used in field studies and dosimetry is reaching the point where it
      can be applied to field studies.

PMID- 395587
TI  - [Subpolar lepromatous leprosy. A histological and ultrastructural study of a
      case].
AB  - Leproma material from a female patient with a previous diagnosis of lepromatous
      leprosy underwent clinical, histopathological and electrone microscope studies.
      Following a year under rifampicin treatment it was found that the histic lesions
      corresponded to those described by Ridley (1974) within the clinical picture of
      regressive subpolar lepromatous leprosy. Electrone microscope studies of the
      cells composing the lesions were conducted; their ultrastructural appearance does
      not markedly differ from that reported for the polar form, but regarding the lack
      of acid phosphatase reaction for the giant multinucleated and vacuolated cells.

PMID- 395589
TI  - Chromosome changes and benzene exposure. A review.
AB  - Benzene exposure can induce chromosome aberrations in somatic cells (lymphocytes
      and bone marrow cells) of man and of experimental animals in vivo, as well as in
      some in vitro systems. Numerical and structural chromosome changes in bone marrow
      cells have been described in subjects with benzene haemopathy. Increased rates of
      structural chromosomal aberrations both of the "unstable" and of the "stable"
      type in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes have been observed not only in
      subjects with chronic benzene poisoning, but also in individuals with past
      benzene haemopathy and in subjects with past benzene exposure without signs of
      poisoning; these findings persisted for years or decades after cessation of
      exposure. In some cases of benzene-induced leukaemias the cytogenetic pattern was
      variable, as it is true also for the "spontaneous" acute leukaemias. The possible
      implications of the finding of chromosome damage from benzene to bone marrow
      cells for the occurence of leukaemias are discussed. The possibilities and
      limitations of cytogenetic studies in the biological monitoring of subjects
      exposed to benzene are commented on.

PMID- 395590
TI  - [Indicators of health and "sanometrie": conceptual aspects of recent research on
      measuring the state of health of a population. 2].

PMID- 395591
TI  - [Morbidity, mortality and social class. Bibliographical review covering
      differents aspects of pathology, and discussion (author's transl)].
AB  - A bibliographical review of social differences in morbidity and mortality is
      presented. The data concerns France, Great Britain and U.S.A., only for recent
      years, and come from large surveys, health examinations, or morbidity or
      mortality registers. The social class variable may be the educational level, or a
      professional classification. Different aspects of mortality and morbidity are
      examined: cancer, cardio-vascular diseases, respiratory diseases, musculo
      skeletal diseases, digestive diseases, obesity and diabetes, accidents, mental
      illnesses; acute and minor illnesses, and unusual illnesses, are no studied. For
      almost all the diseases in this review, the risk is greater in the lowest
      socioeconomic class.

PMID- 395592
TI  - [Physostigmine in neuroleptoanalgesia. Double blind study].

PMID- 395593
TI  - [Historical evolution of tracheal intubation. Apropos of Franz Kuhn in the
      anniversary of his death].

PMID- 395594
TI  - [Current status of heart transplantation].

PMID- 395595
TI  - [Therapeutic indications in left ventricular insufficiency in acute myocardial
      infarct].

PMID- 395596
TI  - [Influence of flask lining with plastic foam on relative position alteration of
      the teeth of a denture base].

PMID- 395597
TI  - [Influence of isolation, resin type and flask opening temperature after
      polymerization on denture base adaptation].

PMID- 395598
TI  - Root canal treatment of pulpless teeth with Hexocalex. Histological study in dog.

PMID- 395600
TI  - [Dehydrogenases in enamel organ structures during postnatal development of the
      rat molar].

PMID- 395599
TI  - Healing process of the pulp stump and periapical tissue in dog teeth. III.
      Histopathological findings following root filling with calcium hydroxide.

PMID- 395601
TI  - Behaviour of the subcutaneous connective tissue to the implantation of some
      materials employed in retrograde filling.

PMID- 395602
TI  - [Fluoride concentration and human dental enamel solubility after topical
      application of neutral or acidulated sodium fluoride solutions].

PMID- 395603
TI  - [Injury of permanent teeth with incomplete root development. Radiographic and
      histologic evaluation in dogs].

PMID- 395605
TI  - [Alterations of the erythrocyte membrane in progressive muscular dystrophy].

PMID- 395604
TI  - [The role of blood platelets in consumption coagulopathy].

PMID- 395606
TI  - [The Sezary syndrome].

PMID- 395607
TI  - [Some considerations on chronopathology].

PMID- 395608
TI  - [Aspergillus endocariditis on a cardiac valve prosthesis. A problem to be
      solved].

PMID- 395609
TI  - [Evaluation of prosthetic valve function (author's transl)].

PMID- 395610
TI  - [Practical value of tests in the etiological search of uveitis].

PMID- 395611
TI  - [Activation of supplementary motor areas during voluntary movements in man
      studied by measurement of focal cerebral blood flow (author's transl)].
AB  - Focal activation in the cerebral cortex during different motility and language
      tests in 52 patients examined by arteriography was studied by measuring focal
      cerebral blood flow (fCBF) by means of an apparatus of high resolution. A
      sterotactic or functional approach demonstrated that the upper premotor
      activation previously noted in certain types of movement, corresponds to
      supplementary motor area (SMA). A retrospective study of 157 maps of fCBF
      recorded during motor or verbal behaviour, compared to 90 recordings in subjects
      at rest, showed that SMA is involved in most voluntary movements, either verbal
      or non-verbal. An analysis of the results suggests that SMA acts during the
      establishment of new motor programs, and in the control of pre-established
      automatic activities, in response to internal and external stimuli.

PMID- 395612
TI  - [Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease in continental France. Retrospective study from 1968
      to 1977].
AB  - During the decade 1968-1977, 170 cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease were found in
      France. The clinical features of 124 neuropathologically-verified cases are
      summarized and a multi-factor analysis performed to obtain the most frequent
      combinations of signs and symptoms. Certain exceptional features are discussed.
      The annual mortality rate during this period was 0.32 cases per million for the
      whole of France, and 0.69 cases per million for the Paris metropolitan area.
      Preliminary totals for 1978 suggest that these figures may possibly be doubled,
      with 30-40 new cases occurring annually. No temporal-spatial clustering of cases
      was observed, and no contact between patients could be established, except for
      familial cases (9% of the total). No risk factors were identified; in particular,
      iatrogenic surgical or neurosurgical transmission did not occur, nor was any
      relationship apparent between CJD in man, and scrapie in sheep or goats. These
      data furnish a base of comparison for prospective studies in France, with a view
      towards discovering the natural mode of transmission of the virus of CJD.

PMID- 395613
TI  - [Disassembling the elements of a partial denture].

PMID- 395614
TI  - [Management of an unilateral distal edentulous area].

PMID- 395615
TI  - [Preparation and cutting of a holder for an anatomo-functional impression by a
      personal technic].

PMID- 395616
TI  - [Tetanus in question].

PMID- 395617
TI  - [Physiopathology and treatment of acute renal insufficiency due to incompatible
      blood transfusion].

PMID- 395618
TI  - [Microbiological aspects of the clinical features of puerperal infections and
      post-septic abortion with special reference to anaerobic bacteria].

PMID- 395619
TI  - [Fetal pulmonary maturation. I. Physiopathology].

PMID- 395620
TI  - [Factor XIII deficiency due to lack of both the S and A subunits. (Classification
      of factor XIII deficiency in 2 groups)].

PMID- 395621
TI  - [Coagulation factors and blood platelets. (Presence and location of factor VIII
      and of fibrinogen in normal human platelets and in patients with coagulation
      disorders, using an immunofluorescence technic)].

PMID- 395622
TI  - [Immunoperoxidase and indirect immunofluorescence tests in the diagnosis of
      amebiasis].

PMID- 395623
TI  - [Mental confabulation in schizoid thinking and in error in flight].

PMID- 395624
TI  - [Jules Michez (1897-1979)].

PMID- 395625
TI  - [Value of disk puncture in the diagnosis of infectious spondylodiskitis. Apropos
      of 48 punctures].
AB  - The authors report on their experience with discal puncture in the
      bacteriological diagnosis of 48 infectious spondylodiscites. This technique makes
      it possible to obtain a bacteriological certitude in 31 cases (65 per cent):
      Pott's disease (40 per cent) and 12 pyogene spondylodiscites (25 per cent), with
      17 punctures remaining negative, including 5 technical failures, the needle not
      penetrating into the pinched disc. No incident was noted, demonstrating the
      harmless nature of this method. The authors insist upon the necessity of washing
      the disc in order to decrease the percentage of failures.

PMID- 395626
TI  - Effect of acupuncture on headache measured by reduction in number of attacks and
      use of drugs.
AB  - The experiment was performed in order to study the effect of acupuncture on
      headache by comparing the number of attacks during a 2-month period after
      acupuncture with the number of attacks during a similar period before treatment.
      Twenty-nine students (age: 19-24 years) all suffering from headache filled out
      questionnaires noting the days with attacks of headache and the amount and type
      of drugs used for 60 consecutive days. After acupuncture this observation
      procedure was repeated. One group of 10 students, however, received a placebo
      treatment instead of acupuncture but followed the identical questionnaire
      procedure. After 120 days acupuncture was given to this second group without
      revealing that the first treatment was a placebo. This treatment was again
      followed by a 60-day observation period. Comparison of the questionnaires before
      and after acupuncture showed a significant reduction in the number of days with
      headache. The placebo treatment resulted in a nonsignificant reduction in attacks
      of headache. A reduction in the amount of drugs used, especially the
      acetylsalicylate type, was noted following the acupuncture treatment. It is
      concluded that acupuncture is a relevant therapy for headache with a definite
      symptomatic effect.

PMID- 395627
TI  - Effect of orally administered 15(R)-15-methyl prostaglandin E2 and/or an
      anticholinergic drug on meal-induced gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin
      level in patients with duodenal ulcers.
AB  - The purpose of the present series of tests was to measure and compare the effects
      of ingestion of gelatin capsules containing 15(R)-15-methyl PGE2 (PG) and/or an
      anticholinergic drug (methscopolamine bromide, Pamine) on meal-induced gastric
      acid secretion and serum gastrin level. Eleven duodenal ulcer patients were
      stimulated by a 5% peptone meal. Acid secretion was determined by the
      intragastric titration technique, and serum gastrin was measured by
      radioimmunoassay. The tests were randomized and double-blind. PG alone given 30
      min before a test meal at a dose of 50 micrograms or 100 micrograms produced no
      side effects and inhibited meal-stimulated acid secretion by about 43% and 55%,
      respectively. Gastric acid inhibition after a single dose of PG was most
      pronounced in the first hour of a test meal and was accompanied by almost
      complete suppression of the meal-induced serum gastrin level. Pamine alone in a
      dose of 2.5 mg reduced gastric acid response to a meal by about 29% but caused a
      further rise of postprandial serum gastrin level over control values. The
      combination of PG, 50 micrograms, and Pamine, 2.5 mg, did not result in
      significantly greater acid inhibition (about 48%) than when either compound was
      given alone. When the higher dose of PG (100 micrograms) was given together with
      Pamine (2.5 mg), the degree of inhibition produced by PG alone was not changed.
      It is concluded that PG given orally in capsules is a potent inhibitor of gastric
      acid and serum gastrin response to a meal and that this effect may be of
      potential value in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease.

PMID- 395629
TI  - Maintenance treatment of duodenal ulcer patients with a single bedtime dose of
      cimetidine.
AB  - Fifty-eight patients with endoscopically verified duodenal ulcers were treated
      with cimetidine, 1 g/day, for 6--10 weeks. The ulcers healed in 52 out of the 54
      patients completing the treatment (96.3%). Forty-seven of the patients with
      healed ulcer were randomly allocated to 1 year of maintenance treatment, 23
      patients with cimetidine, 400 mg at night, and 24 patients with placebo tablets.
      In the cimetidine-treated group 2 out of the 20 patients (10%) completing the
      trial had recurrence of ulceration, whereas 16 out of the 23 patients (70%)
      completing the placebo treatment had ulcer recurrence (p less than 0.001). The
      drug was well tolerated and, except for a marked increase in serum transaminases
      in three patients, no serious side effects were seen.

PMID- 395628
TI  - Transit time in constipated geriatric patients during treatment with a bulk
      laxative and bran: a comparison.
AB  - Transit time, as estimated from the passage through the gut of an isotope (131I)
      containing capsule, was studied in 10 constipated, geriatric in-patients on a
      bulk laxative regimen and during treatment with wheat bran. The patients received
      a conventional bulk laxative (Vi-Siblin, 6 g twice daily) during a period of 8
      weeks. The bulk laxative was then replaced by bran (10 g twice daily) during the
      following 8-week period. Measurements of transit time were taken after 4 and 6
      weeks on each regimen. The mean transit time was 126 h for the bulk laxative
      regimen and 89 h for the bran treatment, the difference being statistically
      significant. The decrease in transit time for the bran treatment was essentially
      due to a faster passage through the rectosigmoid part of the bowel. Less
      additional laxative therapy was needed during bran treatment than during the bulk
      laxative treatment. The favourable properties of bran may tentatively be
      explained by the effects remaining in the distal part of the colon. A slight but
      significant lowering of the serum calcium level and a significant increase of the
      total iron-binding capacity of the serum were found after 7 weeks of bran
      administration, whereas no change was observed after 42 weeks. No significant
      change was demonstrated in serum iron during bran treatment.

PMID- 395630
TI  - Tranexamic acid in massive haemorrhage from the upper gastrointestinal tract: a
      double-blind study.
AB  - In a double-blind trial of tranexamic acid in massive upper gastrointestinal
      haemorrhage, 76 patients were treated with the active drug and 73 patients with
      placebo. The doses were 1 g intravenously six times daily for a maximum of 3
      days, followed by 1.5 g orally four times daily for a maximum of 4 days. The
      treatment group and the placebo group were comparable with respect to mean age,
      diagnoses and laboratory tests but differed slightly with respect to sex and
      alcohol consumption. The transfusion requirement in the treatment group was less
      than in the placebo group during the first days after admission, the difference
      being significant on the second day after admission. Ten patients in the
      treatment group and 18 patients in the placebo group were operated on. Eleven
      patients in the treatment group and 12 patients in the placebo group died. In the
      tranexamic-acid-treated group fewer operations were performed and significantly
      less blood was needed. It therefore seems highly likely that tranexamic acid has
      a beneficial effect, although small.

PMID- 395632
TI  - The effects of phthalylsulphathiazole on the bacteria of the colonic mucosa and
      intestinal contents as revealed by the examination of surgical samples.
AB  - The isolation of a bacterial flora specifically associated with the colonic
      mucosa of patients undergoing large-bowel surgery is described. This flora
      differed from that of faeces in both the numbers and the types of bacteria
      isolated. The most striking difference was the reduction in the number of
      anaerobic bacteria isolated from the colonic mucosa. The ratio of anaerobic to
      aerobic was approximately 1:1 for mucosa compared with 100:1 for faeces.

PMID- 395631
TI  - Total plasma cholesterol in obesity after jejunoileal bypass with 3:1 or 1:3
      jejunoileal ratio. A randomized trial.
AB  - Total plasma cholesterol (TPC) was measured repeatedly in 95 morbidly obese
      patients who had been randomized to non-operative management or jejunoileostomy
      with either a 3:1 or a 1:3 jejunoileal ratio. Initially, TPC was on average 6.4
      mmol/l. and it remained stable in those not operated on. Within 1 month of
      surgery TPC decreased to a mean of 3.9 mmol/l, at which level it remained for the
      following 3 years. There was no difference in TPC between patients who had a 3:1
      and those who had a 1:3 jejunoileal ratio of the functioning segment. Previous
      studies indicated that the increase in degradation of cholesterol to bile acids
      is much less in 1:3 than in 3:1 bypass. This study suggests that the changes in
      cholesterol metabolism after jejunoileostomy are dependent on the length of
      functioning jejunum and ileum in such a way that the effects of the two segments
      counterbalance each other.

PMID- 395633
TI  - Pharmacological and clinical aspects of some drugs used in peptic ulcer
      treatment.
AB  - A healing effect of carbenoxolone and colloidal bismuth on gastric and duodenal
      ulcer has been demonstrated in several studies. The use of carbenoxolone is
      limited by the high frequency of side effects. Information on the ability of
      these drugs to prevent ulcer recurrences is sparse. Further studies are needed to
      determine the ulcer-healing effect of deglycyrrhizinised liquorice. Sulpiride, a
      dopamine-blocking agent, seems to have interesting inhibitory effects on gastric
      secretion but its anti-ulcer activity is not yet clear.

PMID- 395634
TI  - Experience with trimipramine in the treatment of peptic ulcer.

PMID- 395635
TI  - Treatment of peptic ulcer disease apart from drug therapy.

PMID- 395636
TI  - Short- and long-term treatment with cimetidine in peptic ulcer disease and the
      pharmacokinetics of cimetidine.

PMID- 395637
TI  - Acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity and DNA synthesis of lymph
      nodes cells in Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Lymph node and peripheral blood lymphocytes in a case of Hodgkin's disease (mixed
      cellularity) were studied using May-Grunwald-Giemsa (MGG), acid naphthyl acetate
      esterase (ANAE), immunoperoxidase staining and lymphocyte surface markers,
      autoradiographic, and lymphocyte stimulation techniques. According to MGG
      staining and autoradiographic studies of lymph, node cells, small lymphocytes,
      intermediate lymphoid cells, and large mononuclear cells resembling in-vitro
      stimulated immunoblasts, Hodgkin's cells and Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells formed a
      morphologically continuous DNA synthetizing series. A large majority of small
      lymphocytes from a lymph node were ANAE positive, thus being T-lymphocytes, and
      formed rosetts around large mononuclear cells and RS cells. Most RS and large
      mononuclear cells had ANAE positive spots in the cytoplasm, thus resembling T
      lymphocytes more than diffusely staining monocytes. These cells did not contain
      cytoplasmic immunoglobulin and were muramidase negative. Both lymph node and
      peripheral blood lymphocytes responded strongly to PHA. The role of T-lymphocytes
      in Hodgkin's disease and the origin of RS cells are are discussed on the basis of
      the findings.

PMID- 395638
TI  - Growth of the Reh cell line in diffusion chambers. Evidence for differentiation
      along the T- and B-cell pathway.
AB  - Cells of the Reh line, originally derived from an ALL of the 'Non-T, Non-B' type
      were cultured in diffusion chambers implanted intraperitoneally into
      perirradiated CBA mice. At different intervals over a period of 20 d changes in
      surface characteristics were examined by labelling the cells with AcALLG, ATCG as
      well as with polyvalent AIg. The evaluation was performed by using direct
      immunofluorescence. In addition, the ability to form rosetts with SRBC, AET
      treated sheep erythrocytes, mouse red blood cells and EoxAC was tested. On day 0
      of the diffusion chamber culture the cells only carried cALLA, and no rosette
      formation was observed. In the course of the diffusion chamber culture the cells
      unequivocally developed T-cell antigen, and in 1 of 2 experiments they further
      acquired a receptor for forming AET- and E-rosettes. Conversely, in the other
      experiment a receptor for mouse red blood cells was detected in a considerable
      portion of the cells. Our data show that the rather undifferentiated Reh line
      cells in vitro are able to develop features of mature T-cells and attributes of
      early B-cells during the diffusion chamber culture. In vitro they apparently
      retain a bivalent potentiality of lymphatic maturation. The diffusion chamber
      system proves to be a suitable tool for promoting differentiation in these cells.

PMID- 395640
TI  - [Prof. Hugo Stunzi on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 395639
TI  - Genetic risks caused by occupational chemicals. Use of experimental methods and
      occupational risk group monitoring in the detection of environmental chemicals
      causing mutations, cancer and malformations.

PMID- 395641
TI  - [Pathology and pathogenesis of neonatal diarrhea in the calf. I. Presentation of
      the problem and a discussion of its etiology and pathogenesis based on the latest
      literature].

PMID- 395642
TI  - Ion channels in membranes: the physical basis for excitability in nerve and
      muscle.

PMID- 395643
TI  - Protein and infant formulas.

PMID- 395644
TI  - The role of hepatic control of glucose homeostasis in the etiology of neonatal
      hypo- and hyperglycemia.
AB  - Precise control of glucose homeostasis is well recognized in the adult. Going
      from a period of complete dependence on the maternal organism for delivery of
      substrate, the fetus is born not only with a need to furnish himself with glucose
      for energy and rapid growth but also with the need to maintain a balance between
      glucose deficiency and excess. This is especially difficult because of the
      intermittent nature of exogenous oral intake in the neonatal period. Development
      of glucose homeostasis requires a balance between substrate availability (both
      absolute and relative) and coordination of hormonal, neural and enzymatic
      systems. The large number of conditions producing or associated with both hypo-
      and hyperglycemia in the newborn, especially the low birth weight or sick
      neonate, emphasizes this vulnerability. Newer techniques including stable isotope
      methodology, now being employed with increasing frequency, will help define
      maturation of neonatal carbohydrate homeostasis and further clarify nutritional
      requirements in this transitional period.

PMID- 395645
TI  - Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the low-birth-weight infant.
AB  - The essentiality of certain PUFAs is related to their capability to be
      incorporated into lipids and to act as precursor in the formation of
      prostaglandins. Via phospholipids the EFA's influence the physico-chemical
      characteristics of biomembranes. EFAs are metabolized differently from
      nonessential PUFAs. While the nonessential fatty acids are metabolized rapidly,
      the organism tends to conserve the stores of EFAs. Inhibitions and competitions
      among the EFAs of the three series (oleic, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic) have
      been demonstrated. Apparently, for any given chain length the more unsaturated
      fatty acid has a greater affinity for the enzyme system responsible for further
      elongation and desaturation. EFAs are also necessary for the proper utilization
      of the saturated fatty acids. Vitamin E and pyridoxine seem to be involved in EFA
      metabolism. Normal growth of infants is dependent upon an adequate supply of EFA.
      The human fetus, like the adult, is unable to synthesize the EFAs, which must
      therefore be derived from the maternal circulation and pass through the placenta.
      In the fetus, increased concentration of the polyenoic fatty acids with advanced
      gestational age may result from increased activity of the fetomaternal unit by
      preferential transfer of these FAs. Enzymatic activity in the placenta or the
      fetus may also be responsible for desaturation and elongation of these EFAs.
      Several clinical manifestations have been ascribed in the human infant to
      prolonged EFA deficiency; however, none of these findings was noted in a group of
      sick newborn infants with very rapid onset of deficiency. Platelet dysfunction,
      decreased prostaglandin biosynthesis and turnover and altered pulmonary
      surfactant are among the effects of EFA deficiency on infants. Supplementation of
      the EFAs by the diet, parenterally or by the inunction of oil rich in linoleic
      acid, were reported to alleviate the symptoms of EFA deficiency. The minimal
      estimated requirement of linoleic acid is 1% of calories and 4% is an optimal
      intake. Most diets, including human breast milk, infant formulas and parenteral
      fat emulsions, far exceed the optimal intake of linoleic acid. Relatively little
      is known about the possible effects of high levels of linoleate in the diet;
      however, early studies suggest an adverse effect on platelet function,
      prostaglandin biosynthesis, pulmonary gas exchange and immune function.

PMID- 395646
TI  - Sodium homeostasis in the newborn and low-birth-weight infant.
AB  - Sodium homeostatic mechanisms and clinical disturbances in the VLBW infant have
      been reviewed. Attention has been given to the unique natriuresis experienced to
      the greatest degree by the smallest and most ill infants reflecting unique
      differences in renal and neuroendocrine mechanisms. The precise requirement for
      sodium in relation to protein feeding practices may not yet be fully elucidated
      and will require further clinical evaluation.

PMID- 395647
TI  - Trace minerals.

PMID- 395649
TI  - Breast milk for term and premature infants--optimal nutrition?

PMID- 395648
TI  - Nutritional anemias.
AB  - The role of the metals, iron and copper, and the vitamins E, folic acid, and B12
      in the genesis of nutritional anemias in infancy have been reviewed. All are
      preventable. The precise requirements for each of these trace elements and
      vitamins in the small premature infant remain to be defined. The nonhematologic
      consequences of these nutritional deficiencies require further study. Anemia may
      prove to be the least important manifestation of the deficiency states.

PMID- 395650
TI  - Maintaining the birthright of sight.

PMID- 395651
TI  - The political economy of primary care and "health by the people": an historical
      exploration.

PMID- 395652
TI  - II. Disease and social change. Smallpox in Kenya, 1880-1920.

PMID- 395653
TI  - Health in urban Ghana: the case of Accra 1900-1940 [1].

PMID- 395654
TI  - Ideas which have influenced attempts to solve the problems of African
      trypanosomiasis.

PMID- 395655
TI  - III. History of pluralistic medical systems. Change in African Therapeutic
      systems.

PMID- 395656
TI  - Disease at the crossroads: towards a history of therapeutics in Bulozi since 1876
      [1].

PMID- 395657
TI  - Ideologies and institutions in the precolonial history of equatorial African
      therapeutic systems.

PMID- 395658
TI  - Medical pluralism in Arab and Egyptian history: an overview of class structures
      and philosophies of the main phases.

PMID- 395659
TI  - A social history of the Ghanaian pluralistic medical system.

PMID- 395660
TI  - Exporting medical education: professionalism, modernization and imperialism.

PMID- 395661
TI  - The short term effects of psychological preparation for surgery.

PMID- 395662
TI  - Facts or artifacts? Changing public attitudes toward the mentally ill.

PMID- 395663
TI  - Microfilaraemia survey in Vientiane, Laos.
AB  - During the period June 1977-January 1978 a microfilariaemia survey was conducted
      for the first time in 27 villages (population: 9,300) of Vientiane province of
      Laos. A total of 2,339 persons, 1,372 males, 967 females, mostly adults, were
      blood tested between 2000--2400 hours; one thick smear, approximately 20 c.mm,
      was collected from each one and stained with 10% Giemsa for 30 minutes; only one
      positive was detected with microfilaria of W. bancrofti in a 22-year-old male;
      unusually the sheath was well stained. Two cases of elephantiasis of the left leg
      in two middle-aged women were also diagnosed during the clinical survey. All the
      three cases were probably infected in the north-eastern province of Houa Phanh.

PMID- 395664
TI  - Studies on human filariasis in Malaysia: immunodiagnosis using indirect
      immunofluorescence.
AB  - The indirect immunofluorescence test using sonicated microfilariae of Brugia
      malayi has been evaluated on 173 sera from patients and persons exposed to
      Wuchereria bancrofti and B. malayi in endemic areas of Peninsular Malaysia. In
      the microfilaria-negative group, without signs and symptoms of filariasis 55/62
      sera (89%) had titers of 1:16 and less. In the microfilaremic groups and in the
      amicrofilaremic cases with clinical filariasis, all the sera tested were
      positive, with the antibody titers ranging generally from 1:16 - 1:256. Cross
      reaction tests were done on 16 samples of onchocerciasis sera from West Africa
      using sonicated antigen as well as antigen-coated CNB1-activated sepharose.
      Antibody titers were detected in all the sera. The usefulness of the sonicated
      microfilarial antigen in serodiagnosis of filariasis is discussed.

PMID- 395665
TI  - [I. M. Sechenov and the development of science in Russia (on the 150th
      anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 395666
TI  - [History of Meditsina Publishing House].

PMID- 395667
TI  - [Role of the Central Institute for Postgraduate Medical Studies in the training
      of personnel as medical historians].

PMID- 395668
TI  - [History of health education in Simbirsk Guberniya and Ulyanovsk Province].

PMID- 395669
TI  - [Dr. Robert Debre (1882-1978)].

PMID- 395670
TI  - [Robert Debre (1882--1978) (author's transl)].

PMID- 395671
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of indomethacin ointment on osteoarthritis--evaluation by a
      multicenter double-blind trial (author's transl)].

PMID- 395673
TI  - Fraser Newman Gurd, MD, FACS, FRCS(C).

PMID- 395672
TI  - [Report from Drug Evaluation Committee: Clinical evaluation of pranoprofen in
      rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 395674
TI  - Carcinoembryonic antigen and calcitonin as markers of malignancy in medullary
      thyroid carcinoma.

PMID- 395675
TI  - Splenic influence on beta-hemolytic streptococci immunotherapy of a chemically
      induced murine fibrosarcoma.

PMID- 395676
TI  - Prostaglandin-mediated decreases in contractility during PEEP.

PMID- 395677
TI  - Effect of PEEP on pulmonary alveolar macrophage function.

PMID- 395678
TI  - Hemodynamic effect of prostacyclin (PGI2) in acute hypoxic respiratory failure.

PMID- 395679
TI  - Effects of different resuscitation regimens on immunoglobulins.

PMID- 395680
TI  - Angiotensin blockade in postoperative paradoxical hypertension of coarctation of
      the aorta.

PMID- 395681
TI  - Local graft irradiation: effect on cytotoxic cell infiltration.

PMID- 395682
TI  - Graft rejection in donor-recipient pairs with differing of H-2 loci.

PMID- 395683
TI  - Hepatocellular transplantation for experimental acute liver failure in dogs.

PMID- 395684
TI  - Survival of cardiac allografts in rats treated with cyclosporin A.

PMID- 395685
TI  - Patterns of thymocyte migration in unmodified and enhanced recipients of cardiac
      allografts.

PMID- 395686
TI  - Urinary excretion of dextran: diagnostic test of renal allograft rejection.

PMID- 395687
TI  - Long-term effect of transplantation of whole pancreas on the nephropathy of
      alloxan diabetes.

PMID- 395688
TI  - New approaches to separation of islet cells.

PMID- 395689
TI  - Stimulation of pancreatic islet hypertrophy and beta-cell hyperplasia in Syrian
      hamsters.

PMID- 395690
TI  - Importance of edema and changing compliance during long-term preservation of the
      heart.

PMID- 395691
TI  - Influence of epidermal growth factor on liver regeneration in a double liver rat
      bioassay model.

PMID- 395692
TI  - Selective release of gastric inhibitory polypeptide by some actively transported,
      structurally similar carbohydrates.

PMID- 395693
TI  - Selective delivery of antibiotics to experimental infection by autologous white
      blood cells.

PMID- 395694
TI  - Inhibition of hepatic regeneration by somatostatin in adult rats receiving
      insulin and glucagon replacement.

PMID- 395695
TI  - Insulin and glucagon choleresis during normoglycemia.

PMID- 395696
TI  - Cerebral carbon dioxide reactivity and autoregulation in patients undergoing
      microanastomosis.

PMID- 395697
TI  - PGE2 in treatment of "irreversible" hemorrhagic shock.

PMID- 395698
TI  - Effect of endotoxin on bursting strength and collagen deposition in clean wounds.

PMID- 395699
TI  - Chemical debridement of burns with N-acetylcysteine.

PMID- 395700
TI  - Effect of intraperitoneal fluid on mortality of Escherichia coli peritonitis.

PMID- 395701
TI  - Increased femoral head vascularity after an iliopsoas muscle pedicle bone graft.

PMID- 395703
TI  - Noninvasive determination of labeling index for DNA synthesis in epidermoid
      carcinomas of head and neck.

PMID- 395702
TI  - Dorsal skin flaps in rats as an experimental model.

PMID- 395704
TI  - Repair of experimental mandibular bony defects in rats.

PMID- 395706
TI  - Delay phenomenon--a new technique.

PMID- 395705
TI  - Alterations in the glucose-mediated regulation of growth hormone associated with
      sepsis.

PMID- 395707
TI  - New capillary bed formation with a surgically constructed arteriovenous fistula.

PMID- 395708
TI  - New adherence tensiometer for evaluation of biologic and synthetic skin
      substitutes.

PMID- 395709
TI  - Flow cytometric monitoring of prostatic carcinoma.

PMID- 395710
TI  - A new fluorescent immunoassay for human prostatic acid phosphatase in prostate
      cancer (SPIF).

PMID- 395711
TI  - [Current aspects of pathogenesis of hyperuricemia and podagra].

PMID- 395713
TI  - [Study of tissue cellular reactions in rheumatic heart disease].

PMID- 395712
TI  - [Characteristics of proteolytic activity of the duodenal contents in peptic
      ulcer].

PMID- 395714
TI  - [Anesthesia for outpatients].

PMID- 395715
TI  - [The pill and thromboembolism. 2. Pathogenesis and additional risk factors.
      Review of the literature].

PMID- 395716
TI  - [Abdominal ultrasonics and computer tomography--indications and value].

PMID- 395717
TI  - [Ultrasonically guided fine needle biopsy in circumscribed affections of the
      liver parenchyma (author's transl)].

PMID- 395718
TI  - In memoriam. Prof. G. Fritz (1895-1978).

PMID- 395720
TI  - N. J. Jacquin, the first medical doctor-chemist in Hungary.

PMID- 395722
TI  - Society of Toxicology awards presented at the Eighteenth Annual Meeting held in
      New Orleans, Louisiana. Merit Award--1979.

PMID- 395719
TI  - A placebo-controlled clinical trial with tofizopam in the treament of anxiety
      neurosis.

PMID- 395721
TI  - The mouse liver tumor as an endpoint in carcinogenesis tests.

PMID- 395723
TI  - Society of Toxicology awards presented at the Eighteenth Annual Meeting held in
      New Orleans, Louisiana. Achievement Award--1979.

PMID- 395724
TI  - Society of Toxicology awards presented at the eighteenth annual meeting held in
      New Orleans, Louisiana. Education Award--1979.

PMID- 395725
TI  - Obituary. Arnold J. Lehman, September 2, 1900--July 10, 1979.

PMID- 395726
TI  - From research to policy: rural women in India.
AB  - The following article describes the new awareness of rural women's role in
      development in India that has resulted from studying rural women directly. It
      indicates the possibility of moving from research on rural women to the formation
      of policy and the design of programs that take into account the reality of rural
      women's lives.

PMID- 395727
TI  - Sub-populations of peripheral lymphocytes from patients with shigella bacillary
      dysentery with associated leucocytosis.
AB  - In this study we ascertained the proportion and absolute number of T, B and nul
      cell peripheral lymphocytes from Shigella dysenteriae type I patients and
      compared these results with those from age matched controls. Single blood samples
      were collected from 13 Bangladeshi children who complained of symptoms for one or
      more weeks. Patients were divided into two categories, with and without a
      leukaemoid response. The leukaemoid response was primarily granulocytic in
      nature, but there was a substantial increase in the mean number of lymphocytes.
      Over one third of the lymphocytes were nul cells. These cells rose proportionally
      to the decrease of T-cells, as the proportion of B-cells remained within normal
      range. One leukaemoid patient died. The absolute number of lymphocytes was normal
      and the B-cells were normal in respect of both proportions and absolute numbers.
      T-cell percentage and numbers were well below normal values.

PMID- 395728
TI  - Juvenile diabetes mellitus in Ethiopians.
AB  - The clinical features seen in 27 Ethiopian juvenile diabetics, which were similar
      to those of juvenile diabetics elsewhere, are summarized in this first published
      report from an African country of childhood diabetes. Control was difficult and
      admission to hospital frequent because of poverty, uncontrolled diets and
      irregular supplies of insulin. This group of childhood diabetics represents 9.8%
      of patients attending a diabetic clinic in Addis Ababa. Survey of the published
      information on diabetes mellitus in African populations reveals that most series
      do contain several children and a significant number of teenagers. It is
      concluded that juvenile diabetes mellitus is not rare in African countries.

PMID- 395729
TI  - The sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes in the placenta.

PMID- 395730
TI  - Eradication of Wuchereria bancrofti infection through vector control.

PMID- 395731
TI  - The history of the drug treatment of mental diseases.

PMID- 395732
TI  - The history of the Brompton Hospital.

PMID- 395733
TI  - Galen on tremor, palpitation, spasm, and rigor.

PMID- 395734
TI  - The legacy of Carl Jung.

PMID- 395736
TI  - Memoir of Gonzalo Enrique Aponte 1929-1979.

PMID- 395735
TI  - Studies on Hippocrates and Galen in modern Spain.

PMID- 395737
TI  - Memoir of Charles C. Chapple 1903-1979.

PMID- 395738
TI  - Memoir of John Vernon Ellson 1898-1979.

PMID- 395739
TI  - Memoir of Robert Henry Ivy 1881-1974.

PMID- 395740
TI  - Memoir of Herndon Briggs Lehr 1923-1979.

PMID- 395741
TI  - Memoir of Francis D. W. Lukens 1899-1978.

PMID- 395742
TI  - Memoir of Michael Scott 1906-1979.

PMID- 395744
TI  - Attempts to infect Meriones unguiculatus and Mastomys natalensis with Wuchereria
      bancrofti from West Africa.
AB  - 44 male and female Meriones unguiculatus and 13 male Mastomys natalensis were
      inoculated with infective stage larvae of Wuchereria bancrofti from West Africa
      and dissected between 16 and 360 days after inoculation. Fourth stage larvae of
      W. bancrofti were recovered in Meriones until the 90th day p.i. and in Mastomys
      until the 175th day p.i. The longest larva obtained from Meriones measured 9.5 mm
      and from Mastomys 6.5 mm.

PMID- 395743
TI  - Indirect immunoperoxidase tests in the diagnosis of schistosomiasis.
AB  - An enzymatic technique, immunoperoxidase histochemistry, was applied in the
      diagnosis of human schistosomiasis. Sera of patients with S. haematobium, S.
      mansoni and mixed infection, together with control sera, were studied. The test
      proved easily applicable and gave reliable results particularly with S. mansoni
      and double infection. The depth of the colour reaction, was then compared with
      ELISA readings, but there was no relation in the results of the individual cases.

PMID- 395745
TI  - The histochemical pattern of acid phosphatase activity in Mansonella ozzardi
      microfilariae from Trinidad, West Indies.

PMID- 395746
TI  - [Calmuril-hydrocortisone and carbamide-hydrocortisone DAK. A comparison in the
      treatment of atopic dermatitis].

PMID- 395747
TI  - Some legacies of nutrition pioneer E. V. McCollum.

PMID- 395748
TI  - On the 125th anniversary of Victor Babes's birth.

PMID- 395749
TI  - Data on the involvement of some viruses in the etiopathogeny of human tumors.
AB  - Literature data concerning the relationship between some viruses (adenoviruses,
      herpes viruses, C-type oncornaviruses, papova viruses) and human cancer are
      briefly reviewed. Mention is made of the contribution to this domain of the
      Romanian school of virology and some of the author's viewpoints on the role of
      viruses in carcinogenesis are presented.

PMID- 395750
TI  - Some less well-known priorities of Victor Babes.

PMID- 395752
TI  - [Rapid diagnosis in microbiology].

PMID- 395751
TI  - Constantin Levaditi, a forerunner of the modern research and interpretation of
      virus multiplication.

PMID- 395753
TI  - [20th anniversary Society of Physiotherapists and Health Resort Specialists of
      the Ukrainian Republic].

PMID- 395754
TI  - [Endel' Iur'evich Veinpalu (on his 50th birthday)].

PMID- 395755
TI  - Sixty years of progress. Nursing and the times--in Vermont 1919:
      past/prospective.

PMID- 395756
TI  - Sixty years of progress: nursing and the times in U.S.A.---and Vermont, 1919. An
      overview of nursing's accomplishment in World War I-under its chief--Jane A.
      Delano.

PMID- 395757
TI  - [Agarose test of leukocyte migration inhibition].

PMID- 395758
TI  - [Edward Korczynski (1844-1905), the author of the 1st clinical description of
      myocardial infarct in Polish medicine].

PMID- 395759
TI  - [History of Krzeszowice as a health report].

PMID- 395760
TI  - [In memory of Prof. W.L. Wisniewski (November 1, 1904 - September 26, 1958)].

PMID- 395761
TI  - [The value of postoperative irradiation in the curative management of breast
      cancer (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is presented of the value of post-operative irradiation in patients with
      operable breast cancer. A combination of conservative surgery followed by
      irradiation provides optimal loco-regional results. Improved 10-year survival
      rates have already been reported with adequate irradiation of the peripheral
      lymphatics. The location and size of the primary tumour, as well as exact
      quantitative statements about histologically positive axillary lymph nodes are
      parameters of utmost importance.

PMID- 395762
TI  - [Cerebrospinal fluid pressure studies after the intravenous administration of the
      steroid narcotic, alphaxolone + alphadolone acetate (Althesin)].
AB  - The effect of alphaxalon + alphadolon-acetate on cerebrospinal fluid pressure
      (CSFP), mean arterial blood pressure (MPA), heart rate (BMP) and blood gases was
      investigated in 18 patients. Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) was calculated
      from the difference MAP minus CSFP. Alphaxalon + alphadolon-acetate lowered the
      normal CSFP and normalized ketamin induced increase of CSFP. Premedication with
      alphaxalon + alphadolon-acetate delayed the ketamin induced increase of CSFP,
      which returned to norm after a second dose of alphaxalon + alphadolon-acetate.
      This effect was seen despite elevation of pCO2 in all patients breathing
      spontaneously.

PMID- 395763
TI  - [Treatment of diabetes in the aged].

PMID- 395764
TI  - Amino acids and cell regulation.
AB  - Free amino play an important role in regulating cell volume in fishes. Four
      tissues/cells (skeletal muscle, RBC, brain, and myocardium) of the little skate,
      Raja erinacea, were selected for detailed study because of their special
      importance or unique advantage as experimental models. Three particular amino
      acids, beta-alanine, taurine, and sarcosine play a predominant role in all four
      tissues. As in higher vertebrates, amino acid uptake in skate brain, heart, and
      RBC is mediated via a Na+-dependent process. Amino acids leave the skate brain
      rapidly in response to a sudden decrease in plasma osmolality and/or to a
      simultaneous drop in extracellular Na+ concentration. However, although amino
      acids are important for volume regulation in normal brain cells, they do not
      appear to be likely candidates for the unidentified "idiogenic" osmolytes in
      mammalian brain cells. The high concentration of taurine in skate myocardium is
      of special interest because of the special role of this amino acid in myocardial
      contractility. Thus, unlike beta-alanine and sarcosine, taurine may play a dual
      role in regulating both cell volume and contractility of myocardial cells. The
      isolated skate atrium is well suited for in vitro studies of these two processes.

PMID- 395766
TI  - Science at the bedside: the footprints of Yale and Johns Hopkins.

PMID- 395767
TI  - Biofeedback and the behavioral treatment of disorders of disregulation.
AB  - This paper reviews biofeedback research from the perspective of
      cybernetic/feedback theory and applies the theory to the behavioral treatment of
      psychosomatic disorders. The concept of disregulation is used to elucidate how
      environmental factors can modulate the central nervous system and effect
      homeostatic, self-regulatory control of peripheral organs. When feedback from
      peripheral organs is disrupted, it is hypothesized that disregulation occurs,
      leading to physiological instability and functional disease. Within this
      framework, biofeedback provides a new feedback loop that can help individuals
      regain physiological self-control. Basic research using biofeedback to enhance
      self-regulation of cardiovascular responses is reviewed. The use of biofeedback
      in the behavioral treatment of disorders such as tension and migraine headache,
      hypertension, and epilepsy are selectively reviewed and critically evaluated. The
      need to consider feedback mechanisms in behavioral and biomedical approaches to
      treatment is highlighted. Predictions regarding the potential inadvertent
      perpetuation of disregulation and disease through inappropriate biomedical
      intervention is also considered.

PMID- 395765
TI  - Comparative physiology of renal tubular transport mechanisms.
AB  - This manuscript discusses current concepts of glomerular filtration and tubular
      transport of sodium, water, potassium, and urinary acidification by vertebrate
      kidneys in a comparative context. Work in mammalian and amphibian nephrons
      receives major emphasis due to our interest in application of new techniques for
      investigation of cellular mechanisms; when available, data from other vertebrate
      classes are discussed.

PMID- 395768
TI  - [Effect of alternating milieu changes on specific substrate consumption in
      microorganisms].
AB  - In technical microbiology microorganisms often undergo alternating milieu
      changes. For instance, this is the case in recirculation reactors. The organisms
      react on these changes with an increase of entropy production and in connection
      with this with increasing substrate consumption. This increasing substrate
      consumption contradicts the aim of an optimum yield from a given substrate. Thus,
      studies of the reaction of microbial growth to alternating milieu changes are of
      great importance. A simple model of the influence of alternating milieu changes
      on specific substrate consumption is given. In it the biological conversion of
      substances is built up by an irreversible consecutive reaction. After preliminary
      examinations on the analogue computer the reaction of the model to alternating
      perturbations is simulated on the digital computer. The results of the
      stimulations are compared with experimental data. The good agreement of
      experiment and model justifies the use of the simple formulation in the
      preparation of technical processes.

PMID- 395769
TI  - Thermal association and dissociation in thermosensitive mutants of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.

PMID- 395770
TI  - [The molecular biology of aging -- 15: Structure and function of the genetic
      apparatus in aging. II. Synthesis and metabolism of RNA].
AB  - With aging in different organs there are similar or tissue specific changes of
      the ribonucleic acids in respect of the quantity, the spectrum of different RNA
      species and the metabolism of RNA. Among these processes the template function of
      the chromatin and the behaviour of the RNA polymerases are important influencing
      factors. In aging the sensitivity of the RNA synthesis against hormonal
      stimulation is decreased in the most cases. A survey about the results of many in
      vivo and in vitro experiments of the literature is given. The opinion is
      advocated that the problems of the gene regulation and gene expression are a
      important field of work in the experimental gerontology.

PMID- 395772
TI  - [Medical first aid in the GDR].

PMID- 395771
TI  - Comparative study of the effects of chondroitin sulfate isomers on
      atherosclerotic subjects.
AB  - Effects of isomers of chondroitin sulfate on atherosclerosis were clinically
      compared, based on sulfate linkage and the amount of sulfate, by using
      chondroitin 4-sulfate, chondroitin 6-sulfate and chondroitin polysulfate. Fourty
      eight age-matched atherosclerotic subjects were selected from a home for the
      elderly in order to the treatment with the agents. The isomers of chondroitin
      sulfate were given a daily dose of 4.5 g perorally. During the experimental
      period for 64 months, mortality, serum cholesterol, thrombus-formation time and
      thrombus weight were examined. The result obtained was as follows: mortality in
      the groups treated with the isomers of chondroitin sulfate was less than the age
      matched untreated control group. Serum cholesterol value in the group treated by
      the isomers of chondroitin sulfate, chondroitin polysulfate group in particular,
      fell lower than the pre-treatment value. Thrombus formation time prolonged 150%
      in the group treated with chondroitin polysulfate over the untreated control
      group and the resultant thrombus weight was reduced in the treated group. Thus,
      these data indicated that the isomers of chondroitin sulfate are clinically
      effective on the treatment of atherosclerosis in the order of chondroitin
      polysulfate, chondroitin 4-sulfate and/or chondroitin 6-sulfate.

PMID- 395773
TI  - [Relationship between social policy and maternal and child health protection: a
      look back over 80 years].

PMID- 395774
TI  - [Prof. Wolfgang Presber--60 years old].

PMID- 395775
TI  - [25 years of the Zeitschrift fur die gesamte Hygiene].

PMID- 395776
TI  - [Differential diagnosis and therapy of nephrogenic hemorrhagic diathesis].
AB  - For the development of nephrogenic haemorrhagic diatheses in the first place a
      decreased function of the thrombocytes and a thrombocytopenia are responsible. An
      inhibition in the intrinsic system may be referred to a lesion of the
      thrombocytic factor 3. Up to now defects in the extrinsic system do not allow a
      systematic classification. The best causal therapy are an effective haemodialysis
      and a renal transplantation. The detection of defects in the coagulation system
      is of importance for the dosed heparinisation and the control of the treatment
      with cytostatics for the immune suppression. Among 33 patients undergoing
      dialysis only 3 patients the Quick-value was reduced to 50% in 9 patients the
      thrombocyte values were below 150,000 mm3 and in 2 patients below 100,000 mm3.
      Among 28 carriers with renal graft only in 1 case the Quick-value was reduced to
      about 50%. In 12 patients the thrombocyte values were decreased below 150,000 mm3
      and in 4 patients below 100,000 mm3. A correlation between the two global tests
      was not to be proved.

PMID- 395777
TI  - [Johann Reinhold Forster (1729-1798) and Johann Georg Forster (1754-1794) in
      Halle. On the 250th anniversary of Johann Reinhold Forster's birthday].
AB  - The 250th anniversary of the birthday of Johann Reinhold Forster as well as the
      225th anniversary of Johann Georg Forster gave rise to the memory of the life
      work of these two famous scientists, whose life-work is in various forms
      connected with the University of Halle. The most important stages of these
      connections which include also the medicine of their epoch are demonstrated with
      the help of preserved documents.

PMID- 395778
TI  - [Detection of the ischemic reaction of the myocardium by means of the polar
      coordinates of the ST segment in the corrected orthogonal ECG].
AB  - In the case of coronary heart disease the behaviour of the ST segment proved to
      be of major diagnostic importance for the recognition of hypoxidotic processes in
      the myocardium. Isolated consideration of the T-wave does not provide any
      characteristic information. The so-called ischaemic reaction is characterized by
      a typical jump of polar vectors from the left to the right side, which are moved
      rearwards without usually leaving the right-hand quadrant at the front. The
      angles of elevation are in a horizontal position or directed slightly upwards.
      This change of the direction can but need not include an increased magnitude. It
      is possible to observe the development of ischaemia as exercise is increased,
      with the polar vectors increasing or unchanging in magnitude and being moved
      rightwards, rearwards, and upwards. This characteristic movement invariably
      starts at the J point, involving additional portions of the ST segment as
      ischaemia is developed during increasing exercise. The J point depression should
      be considered to be only a "normal" response to exercise, provided the variations
      relate to the J point or 20 ms away from the latter.

PMID- 395779
TI  - [Bone diseases due to long-term administration of anticonvulsants during the age
      of growth].
AB  - On the basis of literature and 2 own observations a survey is given concerning
      the modern knowledge of bone changes as concomitant effect by long-term treatment
      with anticonvulsive drugs (diphenyl hydantoin and primidon) at the age of growth
      (osteopathia antiepileptica). The discussion of arising actual questions is
      demonstrated on instructive cases with consequences important for practice.

PMID- 395780
TI  - [Dietrich Geotg Kieser (1779-1862)--merely a romantic physician?].
AB  - As an adherent of Schelling Dietrich Georg Kieser (1779-1862) was an outstanding
      representative of the German medical romanticism. From 1812 to his death he was
      professor of medicine in Jena. Despite natural philosophical-speculative theories
      his general pathology contains dynamic views of the disease including
      psychosomatic opinions. The basis for this is the holism of man under the aspect
      of developmental history. Kieser did an eminent good work in the field of medical
      practice and organisation. He was the head of several clinics and from 1847 he
      was the first professor in Jena who only worked in the field of psychiatry. 1858
      he was elected president of the Imperial Leopoldino-Carolinic German Academy of
      Scientists.

PMID- 395781
TI  - [New aspects of the pathophysiology of gestosis/pre-eclampsia (author's transl)].
AB  - An increased pressor responsiveness is consistently found in nulliparous patients
      with gestosis. The following mechanisms may be able to influence arterial
      reactivity: sodium balance, factors of the kallikrein-bradykinin and the renin
      angiotensin systems, an imbalance between vasoconstrictive and vasodilatatory
      prostaglandins, the sympathetic nervous system, and possibly prolactin, too. A
      mechanism which is involved in the regulation of uteroplacental blood flow seems
      to be important in the etiology of gestosis. The immunological changes found in
      patients with gestosis are insufficient to support the concept of a primary
      immunopathogenesis. The usefulness of the supine pressor ("roll-over") test, of
      the angiotensin sensitivity test and serum uric acid determination in predicting
      hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is evaluated. The supine pressor test is
      recommended as an appropriate and practical method for routine screening in
      nulliparous pregnant women.

PMID- 395782
TI  - [Lichen ruber ulcerosus (dystrophicans)].
AB  - Report on two women suffering from chronic painful ulceration of the feet
      combined with interdigital synechia, loss of nails, alopecia and oral lesions of
      lichen planus. Hint at certain clinical parallels of dystrophic skin symptoms
      with epidermolysis bullosa hereditaria dystrophica yet demonstrating different
      mode of blister formation.

PMID- 395783
TI  - [Adult day care in the USA].
AB  - This travel report describes the supply of the USA with adult day care centers
      and it wants to enable a comparison with the situation in other countries. The US
      situation is characterized by a great number of centers, most of which are not
      day hospitals but day care centers. The spectrum of services offered is rather
      big with a great diversification. Financing and organising of transport service
      is a great problem in many an institution. A great part of the American
      population has no health insurance. For patients of 65 and over, medicare, a
      federal program will take over the cost for treatment. Regulations of medicare
      are similar to the right of German health insurance: health insurance will pay
      for people in need of treatment, patients who are just in need of maintenance
      therapy or care will have to pay for themselves. Medicaid, a federal welfare
      program, will only pay for them, if they cannot afford the money. If medicare
      would pay for day treatment in general, a rise in the number of day care centers
      and day hospitals could be expected. There are only rudiments for cost-benefit
      analysis in day care in existence. Four centers in different states were
      described in detail.

PMID- 395784
TI  - Evaluation of lung recovery assay for schistosomula in mice immunized with x
      irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni.
AB  - The lung recovery assay for schistosomula has recently been used as a rapid
      method for measuring the state of immunity of a challenged animal. Its merit
      rests on the fact that the peak day of schistosomular recovery in the lungs of
      both normal and immune hosts falls on the same day and the degree of immunity can
      be measured by the percent of schistosomular recovery on this particular day. An
      evaluation of this method for mice immunized with highly X-irradiated cercariae
      of Schistosoma mansoni was made. The results indicate that in the immunized mice
      the peak day for the schistosomular recovery was delayed and the number of
      schistosomula recovered on the peak day was decreased. The delay of the peak day
      was increased by the degree of host immunity, so its identification for a host of
      an unknown immunologic status was not a simple matter. In addition, this method
      measured only the immune effect which took place in the skin and on prepeak days
      in the lungs. It was not as competent as the conventional liver perfusion method
      which measures the total result of the immune effect of the skin, lungs, and
      liver. Our conclusion is that for measuring the immunizing effect of irradiated
      cercariae, the lung recovery method is not suitable for the determination of the
      state of immunity induced.

PMID- 395785
TI  - Humoral response to sheep red blood cells in C57L/J mice during early and chronic
      stages of infection with Echinococcus multilocularis cysts.
AB  - C57L/J male mice infected with Echinococcus multilocularis cysts were challenged
      intraperitoneally at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postinfection (p.i.) with 3 x 10(9) sheep
      erythrocytes. The direct plaque forming cells, 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) sensitive
      (4-day sera) and 2-ME-resistant (8-day sera) haemagglutinin responses were
      significantly elevated at eight and 12 weeks p.i. as compared to controls or the
      fourweeks postinfected mice. Possible mechanisms of immunopotentiation in the
      chronically infected mice is discussed in relation to the larval cyst mass,
      splenomegaly, and B cell hyperplasia in the lymphoid tissues during the course of
      infection.

PMID- 395786
TI  - [Low-molecular weight nuclear RNA's].

PMID- 395788
TI  - [Current aspects of research on hepatic Kupffer cells].

PMID- 395789
TI  - [Histogenesis and classification of parenchymal elements of the mammalian thyroid
      gland].

PMID- 395787
TI  - [Biochemical aspects of folate transport].

PMID- 395791
TI  - [Modern approaches to the study of immunity in schizophrenia].

PMID- 395790
TI  - [Biological role and the clinical significance of the HLA histocompatibility
      system].

PMID- 395792
TI  - Tubo-ovarian abscess: a review of 46 cases.
AB  - Forty-six patients with tubo-ovarian ascess are analysed. The abscess developed
      mostly in young multiparous women soon after menstruation. Coliforms were the
      main causative organism. The abscess resolved with conservative management in 21
      cases and surgical intervention was necessary in 25. The mortality (4.4%) due to
      conservative medical and surgical management was nearly half that of radical
      surgery.

PMID- 395793
TI  - Advances in dermatology: 1--Leprosy immunology.

PMID- 395795
TI  - [Hessian Trade Inspection Board mourns Dr. Gliwitzky].

PMID- 395794
TI  - Sickle cell trait and bacteriuria during pregnancy.

PMID- 395796
TI  - [Cimetidine--a new principle in treating peptic lesions (author's transl)].
AB  - A survey is given on the present state of experience with Cimetidine. Cimetidine
      significantly promotes healing of duodenal and gastric ulcers; this effect is
      especially significant in countries with low spontaneous ulcer healing.
      Prophylactically administered Cimetidine is the only drug capable of decisively
      lowering the recurrence rate of duodenal ulcers. In certain cases, Cimetidine
      long-term treatment therefore seems to compete with elective gastric operations.
      However apart from the operative risk surgery of the stomach (especially
      selective gastric vagotomy) still provides certain advantages. Controlled long
      term trials are still required in order to come to a clear-cut delimitation
      between the indications for Cimetidine prophylaxis and elective operation.
      Furthermore prophylaxis with Cimetidine prevents gastric bleeding from erosions
      in stress-patients. Even in Zollinger-Ellison-syndrome Cimetidine enables ulcers
      to heal and patients to reach operability. In patients with operable gastrinomas
      the long-term treatment with Cimetidine seems to replace palliative total
      gastrectomy by curative resection of the tumour.

PMID- 395798
TI  - [Wilfried Mobius--on his 65th birthday, 30 November 1979].

PMID- 395797
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. 100 years ago (10)].

PMID- 395799
TI  - [Changes in resistance by stress and feeding. II. Effect of isoenergetic fat
      diets on resistance of rats against Ascaris suum infections].

PMID- 395800
TI  - Mother Patrick Cosgrave, O.S.D. 1863 - 1900.

PMID- 395801
TI  - Surgical treatment of local recurrences of breast carcinoma in the skin and
      subcutaneous tissues.
AB  - Twenty-six cases of local recurrence of breast carcinoma in the skin and
      subcutaneous tissues after treatment with radical excision and large skin grafts
      or reconstruction are presented. Seventy-seven per cent of the patients were
      alive 2 years after the treatment. As a chest wall recurrence of breast cancer in
      the absence of distant metastases does not always indicate a generalization of
      the disease, radical reconstructive surgery is recommended as the therapy of
      choice.

PMID- 395803
TI  - Plasmid mediated variation within the Bethesda-ballerup group.

PMID- 395802
TI  - The insulin test after vagotomy and antral resection or drainage. Stability and
      reversal of test response in repeated tests.
AB  - Repeated insulin tests were carried out on 118 patients after vagotomy and antral
      resection or vagotomy and drainage. The main indication for operation was gastro
      duodenal ulcer. The test was performed in both the early (average 13.7 days after
      the operation) and late (average 3.3 years) postoperative phase. After vagotomy
      and antral resection, the proportion of Hollander-positive responses decreased
      from 21.1% in the early phase to 11.1% in the late phase, but after vagotomy and
      drainage, it increased from 32.1% to 57.1% (p greater than 0.05 in both). Changes
      of the test response from negative to positive and vice versa were seen after
      both types of operations. After vagotomy and antral resection, in tests with a
      change of the response from positive to negative (14.4%) there was a significant
      decrease in insulin-stimulated acid secretion. After vagotomy and drainage, there
      were more changes from negative to positive (28.6%), but no significant
      differences were seen in acid secretion values. Some tests showed a change from
      early positive to late positive (Ross & Kay). The significance and possible
      explanations for the changes are discussed in the light of acid secretion values.

PMID- 395804
TI  - Ultrastructure of normal epithelial cells in Papanicolaou-stained cervical
      smears. An application of a modified open-face embedding technique for
      transmission electron microscopy.
AB  - The results of an open-face embedding technique applied to Papanicolaou-stained
      uterine cervical smears are presented. By this technique, cells are smeared on a
      plastic sheet, fixed in 1.5% buffered glutaraldehyde and stained by the
      Papanicolaou method; areas of special interest are then selected by light
      microscopy for electron microscopic observations. Thus,  a comparison is possible
      between the light  microscopic characteristics of cells in smear preparations and
      their ultrastructural counterparts. The good ultrastructural preservation allowed
      detailed study of nuclei and cytoplasm. The endocervical cells had intact nuclei
      with nuclear envelope, Golgi apparatus, well-preserved mitochondria and two types
      of secretory material. The superficial and intermediate squamous cells showed
      loss of desmosomes; dense, fine cytoplasmic fibrils; small, fatty droplets; and
      degenerated nuclei with loss of the nuclear envelope. Compared with
      ultrastructural studies on cervical tissues, the intermediate cells in cervical
      smears were more degenerated, presumably because predominantly degenerated
      intermediate cells exfoliate. This study indicates that the light microscopic
      impression of the nuclear appearance is misleading: in the routine smear the
      nuclei of superficial and intermediate cells may look "intact" and "well
      preserved" whereas ultrastructurally the nuclei are degenerated.

PMID- 395805
TI  - [Pericecal abscess and infiltration as a complication in the early phase of acute
      non-differentiated cell leukemia].
AB  - Acute abdomen syndrome was the presenting sign of leukaemia in the reported case.
      The authors discuss indications to surgical treatment in patients with leukaemia.

PMID- 395806
TI  - [Case of heterozygotic SC hemoglobinopathy with high titre of indirect
      immunofluorescence reaction with Plasmodium falciparum antigen].
AB  - The authors report the first in the Polish literature case of combined
      heterozygotic SC haemoglobinopathy in a Nigerian aged 20 years. The diagnosis was
      based on the results of haemoglobin electrophoresis and clinical signs. The titre
      of IFP with Plasmodium falciparum was very high and malarial pigment was found in
      lymph nodes.

PMID- 395807
TI  - [Radiologic diagnosis of the hemodynamic situation in the pulmonary circulation
      in chronic obstructive ventilatory disorders].
AB  - Hemodynamic consequences, especially in view of a developing pulmonary
      hypertension are essential factors regarding the course and prognosis of an
      obstructive airflow disturbance. The characteristic roentgen symptoms of
      pulmonary vascular changes in a group of patients are collected and statistically
      evaluated to find those symptoms correlating best with the results of cardiac
      catheterisation. The importance of using not a single symptom but characteristic
      groups of symptoms for the radiological diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension is
      stressed. Radiological signs of increased pulmonary pressure do not directly
      correlate to the degree of measurements, false positive radiological reports need
      not be expected. Positive radiological symptoms indicate irreversible anatomical
      changes in pulmonary circulation. For the individual patient the pulmonary
      arterial pressure by cardiac catheterisation alone is not sufficient for the
      diagnosis and prognosis of this case as in obstructive air-way disturbance two
      definitely different types of diseases, namely type A (emphysema) and type B
      (bronchitis) with divergent hemodynamic consequences must be distinguished. For
      this differentiation the radiological evaluation of the anatomical situation is
      essential.

PMID- 395808
TI  - Anesthetic management of conray toxicity.
AB  - Conray (meglumine iothalamate), the contrast media frequently used in shuntograms
      for diagnosing malfunctioning ventriculo-peritoneal shunts, will occasionally
      cause severe muscular spasms and seizures. In this article, the authors describe
      anesthetic and critical care management of a case with this complication.

PMID- 395809
TI  - Council on Accreditation of Educational Programs of Nurse Anesthesia list of
      recognized educational programs December, 1978.

PMID- 395810
TI  - Effects of estrogen on the lymphoid regeneration and immune response in
      irradiated and marrow-reconstituted mice.
AB  - Various doses of estriol (E3) were given to mice intraperitoneally, immediately
      after lethal irradiation and marrow reconstitution. The assessment of the plaque
      forming cell (PFC) response to sheep erythrocytes in the spleen and the
      histological assessment of lymphoid tissues were carried out 30 days later. The
      effects appeared to be dose-dependent and resulted in a marked suppression of the
      PFC response. The depletion of lymphocytes was dramatic and dose-dependent in the
      thymus, and in the thymus-dependent and in the thymus independent areas of the
      peripheral lymphoid tissues. These results suggest that E3 acts on the
      differentiation of stem or precursor cells toweard both the populations of T and
      B lymphocytes. Although E3, given on day 7 after irradiation and marrow
      reconstitution, suppressed the lymphoid regeneration and PFC response markedly,
      E3 given on day 14 had no effect. On day 7 the majority of regenerating lymphoid
      tissues were large pyroninophilic cells and on day 14, small lymphocytes. These
      results suggest that the precursor or immature lymphocytes are sensitive to E3,
      while mature lymphocytes are resistant. Lymphoid regeneration and PFC response
      were retarded in mice irradiated and reconstituted with bone marrow cells from
      donors pretreated with E3. These results suggest that E3 acts on the stem or
      precursor cells capable to differentiate in the direction of lymphoid populations
      and reduce their number in the bone marrow.

PMID- 395811
TI  - [Treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation].

PMID- 395812
TI  - Clinical evaluation of desensitization therapy in hay fever.

PMID- 395813
TI  - Light- and scanning electron-microscopy of the nasal mucosa.
AB  - The article is a short review of some aspects of the surface structure of the
      human nose. It deals with the morphology of the surface epithelium in nasal
      allergy, viral and bacterial infection. Kartagener's triad and in rhinitis
      patients continuously treated with topically active steroids.

PMID- 395814
TI  - Group B streptococcal colonization of pregnant women and their neonates.
      Epidemiological study and controlled trial of prophylactic treatment of the
      newborn.
AB  - Colonization with group B streptococci of the genital tract was studied in 1 115
      women during the last trimester of pregnancy. 76 or 6.82% were found to harbour
      this bacterium. The incidence of contamination was significantly higher among
      Belgian women than among parturients of Mediterranean origin (p less than 0.001).
      It was also more frequent in primigravidae (p less than 0.05) and in the poorer
      (0.10 less than p greater than 0.05). At the time of admission in the delivery
      room, it was noticed that rupture of the amniotic membranes for more than 24
      hours was more often associated with group B streptococcal carriage by the mother
      (p less than 0.001). 29 out of 68 (42.6%) infants born to group B streptococci
      positive mothers were colonized at birth. 67 of them were submitted to a
      controlled trial of immediate versus delayed penicillin therapy. 44.8% and 42.1%
      of the neonates were contaminated at birth in each group of treatment
      respectively. No instance of group B streptococcal infection developed in either
      group. This suggests that immediate therapy with penicillin of infants of group B
      streptococci positive mothers has no definite advantage upon delayed treatment.

PMID- 395815
TI  - C-reactive protein (CRP) in early diagnosis of neonatal septicemia.
AB  - The usefulness of CRP in early detection of neonatal septicemia/meningitis and
      urinary tract infection was studied in a neonatal unit using a semiquantitative
      latex-agglutination as a rapid screening method, and electroimmuno assay as
      reference method for CRP determination. In 94% of non-infected infants CRP was
      less than or equal to 15 mg/l and 82% had CRP less than 10 mg/l up to 3 days of
      age. After 3 days of age 96% had CRP less than 10 mg/l. The initial CRP level was
      increased in 16 out of 18 patients (89%) with bacterial septicemia. Low CRP was
      seen in one patient with total agranulocytosis and septicemia from Streptococcus
      type B and in one patient with Staphylococcus albus sepsis. A rise in CRP was
      also seen in very pre-term infants with septicemia. Increased initial CRP was
      uncommon in neonatal urinary tract infection (2 of 9), but a rise was seen in 3
      additional patients. A comparison between CRP, total neutrophil blood cell count
      and band neutrophil count as diagnostic parameters was in favour of CRP at this
      early stage of infection. CRP is of definite value as an aid in early diagnosis
      of neonatal septicemia and bacterial meningitis.

PMID- 395816
TI  - Psychotherapy in child psychiatry.

PMID- 395817
TI  - Knowledge in child psychiatry.

PMID- 395818
TI  - The role of a neuropsychiatric unit in a pediatric inpatient teaching service.

PMID- 395820
TI  - Editorial: is a youth psychiatrist needed?

PMID- 395819
TI  - Differences and similarities in international child psychiatric training
      programs.

PMID- 395821
TI  - [Clinical work in child psychiatry].

PMID- 395822
TI  - [The child and adolescent psychiatrist in a multidisciplinary team].

PMID- 395823
TI  - Surface properties of Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis
      as studied by adherence tests and two-polymer, aqueous phase systems.
AB  - S. saprophyticus is an established pathogen in man, devoided of characteristics
      associated with pathogenicity in Staphylococcus aureus. The ability of this
      species to attach to cells from regions, viz. the urinary tract, where it acts as
      an invador and to cells from areas where it is known as a commensal, was compared
      to its behaviour in this respect with another staphylococcal species, viz. S.
      epidermidis. S. saprophyticus showed a preferenital adherence to human exfoliated
      urogenital cells, when compared with its ability to attach to skin and buccal
      cells from man and also when compared with procine cells from these regions. The
      profound ability to adhere to human exfoliated urogenital epithelial cells by far
      exceeded that of S. epidermidis, while no such species difference was found when
      testing porcine cells (S. saprophyticus is unknown as a urogenital tract pathogen
      in pigs). When studied in a two-polymer, aqueous phase system, S. saprophyticus
      and S. epidermidis were found to have a negative surface charge at pH 7.2, but
      the former carried a considerably higher surface charge density. Both
      staphylococcal species exhibited a poor hydrophobic interaction liability. These
      physico-chemical surface characteristics are briefly discussed with regard to the
      differential bacteria-cell interactions of these species.

PMID- 395824
TI  - Phagocytosis of 32P-labelled Escherichia coli by human polymorphonuclear cells
      (PMN). Effect of different sera and PMN with reference to the ABO blood group
      system.
AB  - A study on the interaction of different sera and polymorphonuclear cells (PMN)
      with reference to the ABO blood group system on the phagocytosis of a
      radiolabelled strain of E. coli is reported. Using untreated sera, O cells were
      found to be the least sensitive and AB cells the most sensitive to reduction in
      phagocytic activity. No reduced phagocytic capability relative to the different
      sera used was observed when heat-inactivated sera were applied. Aspects of these
      results are discussed.

PMID- 395825
TI  - Aggression-provoked renin release from extrarenal and extrasubmaxillary sources
      in mice.
AB  - In submaxillary sialoadenectomized and nephrectomized mice aggressive behaviour
      provoked 5 to 40-fold increases in plasma renin concentration. The changes in
      renin concentration with time were different in different groups of confronted
      mice with only partial correlation between the pattern and the observable degree
      of fight. The changes were similar in sialoadenectomized mice with untouched
      kidneys as in sialoadenectomized and nephrectomized, indicating that aggression
      causes no measurable, if any, renal renin release. Repeated aggression with 2
      hourly intervals provoked repeated renin release from extrarenal and
      extrasubmaxillary sources. The renin concentrations of different organs showed
      the same mutual relationship as in other mammals, but were about 10-fold higher.
      Splenectomy was without effect on the aggression-provoked renin release.
      Antibodies against pure mouse renin neutralized the renin in plasma and organs,
      which contained only insignificant, if any, pepsin activatable inactive renin.
      Adrenaline, apomorphine, carbachol and dihydralazine were as isoprenaline and
      noradrenaline without effect on renin release in sialoadenectomized and
      nephrectomized mice.

PMID- 395826
TI  - Nonspecific factors and side effect complaints. Factors affecting the incidence
      of drowsiness in drug and placebo treated anxious and depressed outpatients.
AB  - Discriminant function analyses were applied to data obtained from anxious
      psychiatric outpatients treated with either chlordiazepoxide (n = 353) or placebo
      (n = 259) and depressed outpatients treated with either amitriptyline (n = 310)
      or placebo (n = 328), who had participated in controlled drug trials of 4 weeks'
      duration, in an attempt to identify factors associated with complaints of
      drowsiness made by these patients. Although the magnitude of the relationships
      between individual predictors and drowsiness was small, several factors emerged
      which had consistent impact across treatment groups. Predictors of complaints of
      drowsiness attributed to active drugs arose primarily from demographic attributes
      probably reflective of life style, and from illness and treatment history. In
      contrast, predictors of drowsiness attributed to placebo were almost exclusively
      confined to indices of the severity of several aspects of presenting
      symptomatology. In particular, more frequent complaints of drug-induced
      drowsiness were found among better educated individuals with an illness of long
      duration. Complaints of placebo-induced drowsiness were more common among
      patients with more severe emotional (phobic-obsessive) symptomatology and more
      frequent headaches and among those individuals in whom hypochondriasis was less
      severe.

PMID- 395827
TI  - Psychobiology of mental disorders associated with childbearing. An overview.
AB  - The diagnostic issues, classification, incidence, genetic factors, and theories
      of etiology of psychiatric illness associated with childbirth are reviewed.
      Psychologic influences, psychosocial factors and the concept of biologic
      maladaptation associated with prospective motherhood are discussed. Postpartum
      mental distress is not a unitary phenomenon. The physiology of the puerperium is
      thus not a cause in itself of any of the symptoms, but rather must be regarded as
      a contributing or triggering factor acting upon an underlying predisposition.
      Clinical research of postpartum psychiatric syndromes (PPS) and animal behavior
      studies are inconclusive. It is suggested that major neuroendocrine research
      strategies currently used in studying affective disorders and schizophrenia
      should be applied in studying PPS.

PMID- 395828
TI  - Endotoxin tolerance in rats treated with antilymphocyte serum.
AB  - Rats were treated with rabbit anti-rat lymphocyte serum (ALS). The subsequent
      selective immunosuppressive effect on the immune response of thymus dependent
      antigen was shown by immunization with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Endotoxin
      tolerance could be evoked in ALS treated animals. This suggests that the
      establishment of endotoxin tolerance is independent of thymus function and makes
      it possible to enhance the nonspecific resistance of immunosuppressed patients
      with a transplanted organ.

PMID- 395829
TI  - Intracranial germinomas:  two cases with review of the literature.

PMID- 395830
TI  - A review of the applications of biofeedback to migraine and tension headaches.

PMID- 395831
TI  - [Predicting growth].

PMID- 395832
TI  - [Homage to Dr. Raymond Leibowitch].

PMID- 395833
TI  - Giardia and giardiasis.

PMID- 395834
TI  - The epidemiology of babesial infections.

PMID- 395835
TI  - Hookworm infection in man.

PMID- 395836
TI  - Babesiosis: non-specific resistance, immunological factors and pathogenesis.

PMID- 395837
TI  - [Prof. H. Patzer, M.D., 60 years old].

PMID- 395838
TI  - [Three years of CPAP-breathing therapy in immature and mature newborns (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 162 immature and mature asphyctic newborns were treated by CPAP breathing. The
      overall survival was 42%. Taking babies without primary asphyxia not into
      account, 55% per cent survived. On children born before the 34. week of
      gestation, the therapeutic effectivity decreased markedly.

PMID- 395839
TI  - [Homage to Dr. Pol Defosse: Royal Belgian Society of Dentistry and Maxillofacial
      Surgery, Louvain-la-Neuve, 5 May 1979].

PMID- 395840
TI  - Ventral interbody implantation for fusion of the lumbar spine using
      polytetrafluoroethylene-carbonfiber and porous high density polyethylene. An
      experimental study in growing pigs.

PMID- 395841
TI  - Immunohistological localization of prostatic acid phosphatase.
AB  - Antisera demonstrated by precipitation and passive haemagglutination to posses
      antibodies specific for prostatic tissue-specific acid phosphatase have been
      employed to localize this isoenzyme in the prostate by indirect
      immunofluorescence. Antisera specific for prostatic acid phosphatase may permit
      the immunohistologic identification of this enzyme, thereby serving as a
      biological marker for metastatic prostatic cancer, where histological and/or
      clinical staging of the primary tumour remains questionable.

PMID- 395842
TI  - The scientist as troubled American.

PMID- 395843
TI  - The cult of Asklipios.

PMID- 395844
TI  - The sphincter of Oddi, sphincterotomy and biliopancreatic disease.
AB  - The physiology and pathophysiology of the sphincter of Oddi are poorly
      understood. The relationships of functional disorders of the sphincter to biliary
      and pancreatic disease and of organic lesions of the papilla to pancreatic
      inflammatory disease are subjudice to say the least. The efficacy of sphincter
      section in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis is unproved. Section of the
      sphincter may be necessary to treat biliary tract pathology but its use should
      not be routine or indiscriminative since, there is morbidity as well as
      mortality. Finally, the price of sphincterotomy is: 1. hemorrhage; 2. duodenal
      perforation; 3. pancreatic duct damage--a. acute pancreatitis; b. chronic
      pancreatitis; 4. sphincter incompetence--a. common duct regurgitation-
      cholangitis; b. pancreatic duct regurgitation--pancreatitis; 5. sphincter
      stenosis--obstructive jaundice; 6. stasis cholecystitis; 7. diarrhea; 8.
      morbidity 10%; 9. mortality 1.9%.

PMID- 395845
TI  - Results of therapy in systemic nocardiosis.
AB  - The effect of therapy on the clinical course of pleuropulmonary and systemic
      Nocardia asteroides disease in 78 reported cases was analyzed. All patients were
      treated with drugs. In 72 cases sulfonamides alone or in combination with other
      antibiotics was given; 45 patients underwent surgical procedures. The extent of
      disease had a bearing on survival as only 3 of 39 patients (7.6%) with isolated
      pleuropulmonary involvement died. These fatalities occurred among the 16 patients
      of this group who received immunosuppressive drugs. One of 12 patients (8.3%)
      with suppurative foci other than brain abscess and pleuropulmonary nocardiosis
      died, whereas the fatality rate of cases with nocardial brain abscess was 47.8%.
      Thirty-one patients relapsed or had progression of disease while receiving drugs
      for nocardiosis, 30 of them within the first three months. Prolonged post
      treatment observation is essential in the management of nocardiosis as four
      patients relapsed after drug therapy was discountinued, three of them between six
      and eight months. Although there was no significant difference in the survival of
      patients treated with only drugs when compared to those who also had surgery, no
      fatalities occurred among those medically treated for six months or longer (p =
      .0091).

PMID- 395846
TI  - Brief historical note: the concept of "gonadal dysgenesis".
AB  - The history of gonadal by dysgenesis cautions against overinterpretation of data:
      The streak gonads are neither the result of dysgenesis nor of embryonic origin
      but represent late fetal/neonatal degeneration; the X-chromatin-negative
      character of the buccal smear and the frequency of color vision defects did not
      indicate male sex in the Ullrich-Turner syndrome but rather an XO constitution;
      severity of dysgenesis did not correlate with risk of gonadal neoplasia but with
      genotype; the gonadal lesion in the Ullrich-Turner syndrome was not due to a
      pituitary defect but a primary ovarian lesion; patients with the Noonan syndrome
      do not have the Turner phenotype. The concept of gonadal dysgenesis, introduced
      to Kermauner in 1912, has outlived its usefulness. Improved methods of phenotype
      analysis, family studies, and endocrine and cytogenetic methods have showen it to
      be causally and pathogenetically heterogeneous and have contributed to a better
      identification and delineation of the several different genetic entities which it
      formerly comprised.

PMID- 395848
TI  - William Boyd: a biographical sketch.

PMID- 395847
TI  - Pulmonary metastases (with admixed epithelial elements) from smooth muscle
      neoplasms. Report of nine cases, including three males.
AB  - This study pertains to an entity characterized by the presence of multiple
      intrapulmonary nodules, which consist of an admixture of bundles of well
      differentiated smooth muscle cells and epithelial-lined spaces. These lesions
      have been frequently interpreted as a variant of hamartomas. However, in this
      review of the literature, and careful analysis of nine cases of this entity, we
      concluded that they should be considered metastases from smooth muscle tumors
      which incorporate some structures of mature lung parenchyma as they slowly
      expand. We affirm that the designation "fibroeliomyomatous hamartoma" should be
      discarded. Our cases occurred in six female and three male patients. In all but
      one female the primary source for lung metastases was uterus, while the male
      patients had primary lesions in the saphenous vein, diaphragm, and soft tissues.
      These lung lesions increase in size and number and are potentially fatal, though
      this may take many years. Even though the smooth muscle cells of the lung nodules
      appear bland on light microscopy, we were always able to demonstrate mitotic
      activity; electron microscopy indicated immaturity of the cells. For these
      reasons, we believe the tumors to represent metastatic leiomyosarcomas.

PMID- 395849
TI  - [Modification of intrafascial total hysterectomy after Aldridge: the possibility
      of preventing descent of the vaginal stump].

PMID- 395851
TI  - [The so-called Habsburg disease: historical data, its current treatment and
      results].

PMID- 395850
TI  - Lamellar keratoplasty in keratoconus.
AB  - The authors present the results of 11 keratoplasties in cases of keratoconus,
      comparing the visual acuity and the ocular refraction before and after the
      operation (ophtalmometry, objective and subjective refractometry). The
      statistical data indicate a meaningful flattening of the corneal curvature (12.84
      dpt average) and a mean reduction of the myopia for 8.227 dpt. In fact, the basic
      regular astigmatism of the cornea had not been altered. The mean visual acuity
      was 0.68 (with an improvement of 0.495). No further damage of acuity had been
      observed. After 10 to 69 months a medical checkup revealed transparent grafts in
      five cases; four presented small maculae; one, thin folds of Descemet's membrane.
      Based on the authors' experience and on the literature, the paper recommends
      lamellar keratoplasty in cases of keratoconus, the surgeon must choose the
      appropriate moment in the course of the development of this disease.

PMID- 395852
TI  - Nasal continuous positive airway pressure in the treatment of whooping cough.
AB  - A 3-week-old baby, suffering from whooping cough with severe attacks of apnoea
      and hypoxia, was treated by nasal CPAP with a positive airway pressure of about 5
      cm H2O. The respiration improved rapidly and the transcutaneous oxygen tension
      increased to a normal level. The treatment was carried on for 7 days and
      discontinued gradually in the course of 3 days. The child was also treated with
      pertussis immunoglobulin and erythromycin. The CPAP system employed is easily and
      rapidly applied and allows normal nursing of the child during the treatment and
      manual lung physiotherapy in upright position. The treatment probably proved
      lifesaving.

PMID- 395853
TI  - Pulmonary lavage in a case of alveolar proteinosis. The value of continuous
      display oxygen--haemoglobin saturation using ear-oximetry.
AB  - A case of alveolar proteinosis is reported which was treated by lung lavage. The
      technique requires a Robertshaw double-lumen tube to isolate each lung. Initial
      ventilation with 100% oxygen removes lung nitrogen and the first 500 ml of saline
      occupies part of the functional reserve capacity and is not recovered. Lavage is
      then continued with 500-ml aliquots until the washings become clear. Monitoring
      the oxygen--haemoglobin saturation by ear-oximetry showed changes of between 15
      and 20%, falling during suction and rising during infusion of lavage fluid. At
      the end of lavage, gas exchange is severely impaired by retained saline and a
      variable period of controlled ventilation may be required.

PMID- 395854
TI  - Neonatal respiration, feeding and neurobehavioural state. Effects of intrapartum
      bupivacaine, pethidine and pethidine reversed by naloxone.
AB  - The effects on mature newborn have been compared at 0.5, 4, 8 12 24 and 48 hr
      after birth, of maternally administered epidural bupivacaine (11 babies) or
      pethidine (18 babies) or pethidine reversed by naloxone administered
      intramuscularly to the newborn (15 babies). Bupivacaine (mean dose 130 mg) had
      less effect that pethidine (mean dose 183.3 mg) on alveolar carbon dioxide
      tension (PACO2) at 0.5 hr after birth, but had a similar effect to pethidine on
      feeding, elicited reflexes and produced more depression of muscle tone up to 48
      hr. Bupivacaine had more effect on PACO2 feeding measures, elicited reflexes and
      muscle tone at almost all examination periods than pethidine (mean dose 157.0 mg)
      reversed by naloxone (200 micrograms intramuscularly). Except at delivery, the
      effects of bupivacaine or pethidine on respiration and feeding up to 48 hr after
      birth were similar. There were more signs of depression with both drugs than when
      pethidine had been reversed by naloxone.

PMID- 395855
TI  - [General problems of postresuscitation brain pathology].

PMID- 395856
TI  - [Changes in thrombocyte function during artificial circulation].

PMID- 395857
TI  - [Boris Stepanovich Uvarov (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 395858
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics of interaction of N-acetyl-P-aminophenol with the drugs
      affecting the secretory and motor activity of the alimentary tract].

PMID- 395859
TI  - [Effect of Sadophos on tissue respiration and metabolism in rats].

PMID- 395860
TI  - [Blood plasma level of iron, copper, zinc, magnesium and calcium in chronic
      experimental manganese poisoning].

PMID- 395861
TI  - [Biochemical and histochemical studies on the protective effect of elementary
      sulfur in experimental carbon tetrachloride poisoning].

PMID- 395862
TI  - [Metallization of the skin under the effect of electric current and its
      significance for medico-legal diagnosis].

PMID- 395863
TI  - [Studies on the possibility of using the NiCr18Mo15 alloy of Polish production in
      dental prosthesis].

PMID- 395864
TI  - [Composite resin Nuva-Seal for prevention of caries of the first permanent molars
      in children].

PMID- 395865
TI  - [Endoscopic picture of the lower esophageal segment mucosa in hiatal hernia].

PMID- 395866
TI  - [Activity of B- and T-lymphocytes in selected skin diseases determined by the
      rosette formation and blast transformation tests].

PMID- 395867
TI  - [Evaluation of the thyroid gland function in obesity treated by fasting].

PMID- 395868
TI  - [Inflammatory changes in the myometrium after labor].

PMID- 395869
TI  - [Histological and histoenzymatic evaluation of the ovary implanted into the
      uterus of rabbits].

PMID- 395870
TI  - [Attempt to demonstrate beta-HCG in germinal testicular tumors of the adult by an
      indirect immunoperoxidase method].
AB  - In 25 cases of germinal testicular tumours of the adult, a technique of indirect
      immunoperoxydase was applied to histological sections with the aim of
      demonstrating a substance reacting with an anti-beta HCG antibody (sub-unit of
      chorionic gonadotrophin hormone). If the experimental conditions were
      appropriate, the substance should actually be beta HCG.

PMID- 395871
TI  - [Immunocytochemistry of pancreatic and pancreatico-duodenal apudomas].
AB  - Immunocytochemical techniques, applied to material fixed with Bouin's fluid and
      using immune sera specific to various hormonal polypeptide(s), give a
      classification of pancreatic and pancreatico-duodenal apudomas based upon
      cellular functional activity. With a rane containing a minimum of five antibodies
      (gastrin, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide), 15 tumours
      could be identified amongst the 22 tested. They were either "monohormonal"
      tumours (10 cases) or "bi- or polyhormonal" tumours (5 cases). In the remaining 7
      cases, only rare cells were immunoreactive. A large number of immunoreactivities
      thus revealed in histological sections are clinically silent or are present in a
      "forme fruste".

PMID- 395872
TI  - [Imported malaria in a tropical unit in Paris. About 100 cases (author's
      transl)].
AB  - From a hundred cases of imported malaria observed in Paris, the authors emphasize
      the following points: annual increase of cases, lack or inadequacy of
      prophylaxis, frequent reinfestations among black africans living in France, and
      comming back in endemic area for a brief journey, high risks for pregnant women.

PMID- 395873
TI  - [IgA linear dermatosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Besides the typical forms of dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and bullous pemphigoid
      (BP) of adults and children, there are cases combining clinical, histological and
      electronmicroscopic features of both. Linear continuous IgA deposits along
      basement membrane zone (BMZ) are a most characteristic finding. They differ from
      the granular IgA deposits in DH, even if these are also distributed along the BMZ
      (however, preserving as a rule their granular pattern). IgG circulating anti-BMZ
      antibodies are absent, whereas in some cases IgA anti-BMZ antibodies may be
      found. In contrast to DH, there is no gluten-sensitive enteropathy, and the
      gluten-free diet is ineffective. The recognition of this bullous disease as a
      distinct entity is of practical significance because these cases respond well to
      combined treatment with sulfones and corticosteroids, all in small doses. Because
      of diagnostic importance of linear IgA deposits at BMZ we have proposed the name
      IgA linear dermatosis. In children a counterpart of IgA linear dermatosis of
      adults is chronic bullous disease of childhood (CBDC), which we propose to call
      IgA linear dermatosis of childhood.

PMID- 395874
TI  - [Mycological comparative study of Candida stellatoidea and C. albicans (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The taxonomical value of the specific distinction of C. albicans and C.
      stellatoidea was in mind, in the mycological study of: one homogenous group of
      292 isolates of C. albicans and an other of 11 C. stellatoidae, of collection in
      majority. The growth in a liquid medium, the production: of chlamydospores,
      mycelium, pseudomycelium, germ-tubes, the fermentation and assimilation of
      carbohydrates, the tetrazolium-test, the actidione resistance and the maximal
      temperature for growth were the morpho-physiological characteristics studied.
      Were also reported some variations observed on two C. stellatoidea from which the
      type-strain of that species, cultured in two different laboratories.

PMID- 395876
TI  - Our experience with pharyngoesophageal reconstruction.
AB  - Our experience with 11 cases of cervical esophageal reconstruction following
      excision of the hypopharynx and conservative neck dissection is reported. For the
      reconstructive procedure, we utilized a full-thickness skin graft from the penis
      according to Kaplan and Markowicz in 2 cases and a deltopectoral flap according
      to Bakamjian in 9. Critical evaluation of the clinical follow-up has led us to
      prefer the second method. It seems, in fact, to be the solution of choice in this
      kind of surgery, for the deltopectoral flap offers a generous source of viable
      skin due to its good blood supply.

PMID- 395875
TI  - [Myelin-like forms of erythrocytes, monocytes (macrophages) and neutrophilic
      granulocytes in mice infested with Plasmodium berghei (author's transl)].

PMID- 395877
TI  - The role of the plastic surgeon in a cancer hospital.
AB  - This paper discusses and illustrates the complicated problems faced by the
      plastic surgeon in a cancer hospital. His patients are often weakened, both
      physically and psychologically, not only by the cancer itself, but also by
      extensive ablative surgery. The goal of the plastic surgeon is rehabilitation of
      the patient after he is cured of cancer. Good planning with the cancer surgeon
      before the ablative operation is very important, as is immediate repair, whenever
      possible. The simplest procedure with the fewest stages that can accomplish
      satisfactory repair in the shortest time should be chosen, as we can never, even
      after the most extensive cancer operation, be sure that no recurrence will
      appear. Partial surgical repair and the use of a prosthesis should be considered
      for complicated defects in old and weak patients. Postoperative radiation
      therapy, if indicated, can be given after the flap has healed into the defect but
      before the pedicle is separated. The plastic surgeon should always be aware that
      his most important goal is speedy and satisfactory rehabilitation of the patient.

PMID- 395878
TI  - More on Robert Abbe's contributions to the field of plastic surgery.

PMID- 395879
TI  - George Morris Dorrance.

PMID- 395880
TI  - [Evolution of bacterial antibioresistance in poultry breeding flocks (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 395881
TI  - The metamorphosis of a psychobiologist.

PMID- 395882
TI  - The development of behavior in human infants, premature and newborn.

PMID- 395884
TI  - Ion channels in development.

PMID- 395883
TI  - A pharmacological approach to the structure of sodium channels in myelinated
      axons.
AB  - Figure 6 summarizes the present state of our knowledge on the sodium channel in
      myelinated nerve fibers. Two sites have been discussed in detail: a metal cation
      binding site accessible by tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin from the outside surface
      only; and a second site accessible from the inside surface with which local
      anesthetics combine. Hydrogen ions gain access to this region of the sodium
      channel (and hence determine the relative local concentration of protonated drug)
      more readily from the extracellular fluid than from the axoplasm (Schwarz et al
      1977). In addition, a variety of other sites have been mentioned, binding of
      drugs to which alters selectively the kinetics of opening and closing of the h
      and m gates. In myelinated nerve fibers these channels are packed tightly on the
      nodal membrane. The highest estimate for the sodium channel density in the
      mammalian node is 10,000 micron2. A re-evaluation of the effective nodal area,
      however, might reduce this value to 3000-5000/micron 2. This would still leave
      the nodal membrane rather crowded with sodium channels. Furthermore, the channel
      density would still be greater than the density of particles, sometimes believed
      to be sodium channels seen in freeze fracture studies (Rosenbluth 1976). One
      possibility for resolving this problem is that the units detected by X-ray
      inactivation (Levinson & Ellory 1973), and those seen in freeze-fracture studies
      (Rosenbluth 1976) represent not single sodium channels but groups of three.
      Catterall & Morrow (1978) in a comparison of the binding of saxitoxin and Leiurus
      sculpturatus scorpion toxin venom have concluded that there are three saxitoxin
      binding sites for each scorpion toxin binding site. On this basis, three
      saxitoxin molecules might act to block independently each of the three openings
      of the channels; while the the conformational change produced by the scorpion
      venom molecule would affect the inactivation process of all three channels.

PMID- 395885
TI  - The brain as a target for steroid hormone action.

PMID- 395886
TI  - [The jejuno-gastric invaginations after partial gastrectomy. General survey of
      literature concerning a personal observation (author's transl)].

PMID- 395887
TI  - Early diagnosis and prevention of genetic disease.

PMID- 395888
TI  - Aspects on measurements of prostaglandins and thromboxanes.

PMID- 395889
TI  - Clinical monitoring of therapeutic drugs.

PMID- 395890
TI  - Are idiopathic hyperaldosteronism and low-renin hypertension variants of
      essential hypertension?

PMID- 395891
TI  - Free vascularised bone graft using microvascular technique.
AB  - The authors investigated 212 dried human fibulae to find out the length, the
      circumference and the entry points of nutrient artery to the fibula. Angiography
      of six freshly amputated limbs was studied to show the relationship of the
      posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery. Seven clinical cases of free
      vascularised fibula graft are reported. The length of the fibula graft varies
      from 10 cm to 20 cm. A postoperative 113M-In EDTMP examination revealed the blood
      supply to the grafted fibula was adequate. The bony healing and functional
      restoration of the extremities proved to be satisfactory.

PMID- 395892
TI  - Edward Lawrie Tatum.

PMID- 395893
TI  - Genetic analysis of Drosophila neurobiology.

PMID- 395894
TI  - Ataxia telangiectasia: an inherited human disorder involving hypersensitivity to
      ionizing radiation and related DNA-damaging chemicals.

PMID- 395895
TI  - Regulation of initiation of DNA replication.

PMID- 395896
TI  - Special sites in generalized recombination.

PMID- 395897
TI  - Conjugal transmission of plasmids.

PMID- 395898
TI  - Evidence for more than one division of bacteria within airborne particles.
AB  - When the protocol that we had used to demonstrate a single division of bacterial
      cells in airborne particles was changed to one that increased the glycerol
      content of the atomizer fluid from 1 to 5% (vol/vol), thus producing larger
      particles, more than two (and nearly three) divisions of bacteria occurred within
      6 h of aerosol time.

PMID- 395899
TI  - Phosphate uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen wild type and phenotypes
      exposed to space flight irradiation.
AB  - Rates of phosphate uptake were approximately twice as great for Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae single-cell phenotypic isolates exposed to space parameters as for the
      wild-type ground control. Quantitative determination of 32P was performed by
      liquid scintillation spectrometry utilizing Cerenkov radiation counting
      techniques.

PMID- 395901
TI  - [Quantitative and qualitative analysis of cell lesions from the pancreas after 4
      weeks of B1-avitaminosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Light- and electronmicroscopical observations are made on the pancreas of 18 rats
      after 4 weeks of B1-avitaminosis. The B1-avitaminotic animals show a definite
      decrease in bodyweight and in the weight of their pancreas. The mitochondria of
      the acinar cells are swollen and invaded by numerous vacuoles. Single cells die
      by eosinoplilic necrosis. The islets of Langerhans demonstrate a definite
      hyperplasia (polynesis) and hypertrophy (macronesis). The mitochondria are
      swollen and also transformed into vacuoles. There is a lysosomial granulolysis.
      Only occasional lesions are observed in the A1 and A2 cells of the islets.

PMID- 395900
TI  - Expansion of the host range of coliphage P1 and gene transfer from enteric
      bacteria to other gram-negative bacteria.
AB  - The bacterial host range of coliphage P1 was extented by using the heat-inducible
      phage P1clr100KM. A gene for kanamycin resistance was transferred from
      Escherichia coli to members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and some other
      genera of gram-negative bacteria. P1 phage was produced by thermal induction from
      the lysogens of all these kanamycin-resistant bacteria except some strains.

PMID- 395902
TI  - [Teratogenic effect of hyperbaric oxygen in rat and mouse (author's transl)].
AB  - The teratogenic effect of hyperbaric oxygen is studied in Rat and in Mouse.
      Oxygen under high pressure causes some wastage in cardiogenesis and brain
      differentiation in Rat only. But fetal suffering is observed in both species.

PMID- 395903
TI  - [Arterial collateral ways of the limb arteries (author's transl)].
AB  - Arterial collateral ways are reviewed correlatively with five differents levels
      of obliteration : aortic, iliac, ilio-femoral, femoro-popliteal, dista. A double
      visceral and parietal supply system caracterize each obliterated level; the
      importance of this double system varies considerably with the site of
      obliteration.

PMID- 395904
TI  - [Ultrastructural study of the normal development of the oocytes and of the
      follicle cells in Locusta migratoria (L.) (Orthoptera) (author's transl)].
AB  - Vitellogenesis in Locusta migratoria is studied by electron microscopy, and may
      be divided into two major periods: a. the first stage of growth (oocyte length
      from 0,8 mm to 1,8 mm) is characterized by protein synthesis and storage in the
      rER, by transfer of material of nucleolar origin into the oocyte perinuclear
      cytoplasm as well as by pinocytotic activity giving rise to granulo-membranous
      structures. At this stage the apical part of the follicle cells differenciates as
      attested by mitochondrial accumulation and microvilli development; b. the second
      period of vitellogenesis (oocyte length from 1,8 to 6,8 mm) is characterized by
      accumulation of hemolymphatic material which partly separates the follicle cells
      and progressively detaches the follicular epithelium from the oocyte. The intense
      uptake of this material by oocyte leads to the formation of typical yolk
      globules. The material of nucleolus origin disappears from the cytoplasm at the
      beginning of this stage. The secretory activity of the follicular epithelium
      starts by the end of this second period (oocyte length 4 mm), leading vitelline
      membrane formation, and intensifies when the chorion is formed. The secretory
      material is excreted in soluble form. In the vicinity of the oocyte, this
      material is submitted to a series of complex modifications: it precipitates again
      in granular form, progressively unites and finally leads to the "scale-like"
      structures which are characteristic of the chorion.

PMID- 395905
TI  - [A study of the early stages of biliary extrahepatic ducts organogenesis in the
      rat (Rattus norvegicus albinos) (author's transl)].
AB  - In the early stages of morphogenesis, the hepatic diverticulum of the rat
      develops as in other mammals. Its anterior part gives rise to epithelial cell
      cords bound by an epithelial primary plate to a single hepatic duct which joins
      the liver to the midgut. The interlobular bile-ducts develop from secondary
      epithelial plates which derivate from the primary one. The posterior part of
      diverticulum gives rise to a duct which may be assimilated by its position,
      structure and evolution, to the initial cystic duct of other mammals. This duct
      never participates to the formation of biliary extrahepatic ducts, but builds the
      ventral pancreas. Cellular necrosis is observed in relation with the development
      of the anterior part of diverticulum during the three first days of the hepatic
      morphogenesis.

PMID- 395906
TI  - [The reaction of the insect excretory tissue to a heavy metal: uranyl nitrate
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The present paper describes the modifications induced in Malpighian tubules of
      Locusta migratoria by uranyl nitrate. These modifications are observed only if
      doses injected are approximately a hundred times higher than those which affect
      the renal epithelium of Vertebrates. The elimination of the uranyl salts seem to
      occur by apical excretion of dense metallo-proteic granules. When strong doses
      are used, metallic particles are seen on the basal membrane and in the
      extracellular spaces. Such intracytoplasmic particles are rarely observed.

PMID- 395907
TI  - [Role of the condylar cartilage in mandibular growth (author's transl)].
AB  - Our purpose is to bring a contribution to a better understanding of the role
      played by the condylar cartilage in children's mandibular growth. In the newborn,
      microradiographical analysis of frontal (fig. 1, 2 and 3 A) or sagittal sections
      (fig. 4 A) has been used to locate trabecular bone of endochondrial origin. This
      trabecular bone contains islets of calcified cartilage easy to identify in the
      microradiograph (fig. 3 B) or in the section itself after methylen blue staining
      (fig. 4 B) and resulting from the activity of the condylar cartilage (fig. 4 C).
      At four month of age, the condylar cartilage is still in activity (fig. 5 A and 5
      B). From both morphological and physiological points of vue, this work leads to
      suggest that the condylar cartilage must be compared to a growing epiphyseal
      nucleus or to a so-called infertile extremity of a small long bone rather than
      with a true growing cartilage.

PMID- 395908
TI  - [Coliforms in water: definition and discussion of analytical methods].

PMID- 395909
TI  - Viruses and lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. II. Examination of lymphocytes
      and sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis for evidence of retrovirus
      infection.
AB  - The possible involvement of retroviruses in the aetiology of rheumatoid arthritis
      (RA) was investigated. Retrovirus antigens were not expressed on rheumatoid
      synovial and peripheral blood lymphocytes as judged by membrane
      immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay, and complement-mediated cytotoxicity. The
      specific antiretroviral (anti-RD-144 and anti-SSAV) sera used in this study were
      produced in rabbits immunised with viral antigens grown in a homologous system
      (rabbit cells and medium supplemented with normal rabbit serum), avoiding non
      specific immunofluorescence previously detected with donated antiretroviral sera.
      Immune complexes lodged in the rheumatoid synovial membranes did not contain, and
      other cells within the membranes did not express, retroviral antigens. Antibodies
      cross-reacting with primate retrovirus antigens were sought in sera from patients
      with 'autoimmune' diseases by means of solid phase radioimmunoassay. There were
      no retrovirus antibodies in the 3 groups of patients studied, that is, those with
      rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and with non-RA conditions.
      Absorption of rheumatoid factor did not alter this conclusion. These results give
      little support to the hypothesis that activation of endogenous human retroviruses
      or an infection with horizontally transmitted retroviruses is associated with the
      rheumatoid process.

PMID- 395910
TI  - Short course two months treatment of paucibacillary leprosy with rifampicin.
      Preliminary results.

PMID- 395911
TI  - Measurement of antibodies to Ebola virus in human sera from N. W.-Zaire.

PMID- 395912
TI  - The Noguchi-Adler phenomenon: an ultrastructural study of the effects of
      homologous antiserum on the growth of promastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis
      braziliensis and Leishmania hertigi hertigi.
AB  - A light and electron microscope study was made of the agglutinated bodies formed
      on growing promastigotes of a Leishmania b braziliensis and a L. h. hertigi
      strain in their homologous antisera to determine the role of leishmanial excreted
      factor (EF) in the Noguchi-Adler phenomenon, since the L. b. braziliensis strain
      produced a demonstrable EF, whereas the L. h. hertigi strain did not.
      Promastigotes of L. b. braziliensis, when grown in high concentrations of
      homologous antiserum, formed Noguchi-Adler (N-A) bodies, in which the cells were
      embedded in an extensive amorphous matrix. The cells of L. b. braziliensis in the
      embedding matrix often appeared unhealthy or dead, with swollen flagellar pockets
      and distorted flagella, with which small visicles were associated. Even though
      promastigotes of L. h. hertigi do not produce an EF that precipitates with
      homologous antibody, N-A bodies containing agglutinated cells separated by a thin
      structured layer of precipitate were formed during growth in homologous
      antiserum. In high concentrations of antiserum, some of the agglutinated cells of
      L. h. hertigi were enlarged and showed syncytial characters that included up to
      five nuclei, two dividing nuclei and five basal bodies associated with a single
      kinetoplast. Small vesicles and membranous folds were also observed between
      cells. The complexity of the Noguchi-Adler phenomenon and significance of the
      morphological changes seen are discussed.

PMID- 395913
TI  - Bancroftian filariasis and other parasitic infections in the Middle Fly River
      region of Western Papua New Guinea I. Clinical, parasitooogical and serological
      studies.

PMID- 395914
TI  - Renal renin release in patients with essential arterial hypertension and with
      unilateral renal artery stenosis.

PMID- 395915
TI  - Energy requirement for maintenance of the transmembrane potassium gradient in
      Klebsiella aerogenes NCTC 418: a continuous culture study.
AB  - With a glucose-limited culture of Klebsiella aerogenes, growing at a fixed
      dilution rate (0.4 h-1), the specific respiration rate varied progressively as a
      function of the transmembrane K+ gradient. The latter was varied by changing the
      input K+ concentration and, under these conditions, the specific respiration rate
      was linearly related to the electrochemical potential of the K+ gradient.
      Increasing or decreasing the transmembrane K+ gradient in putatively potassium
      limited cultures elicited marked changes in respiration rate consistent with the
      conclusion that the exceptionally high respiration rates expressed by fully
      glucose-sufficient potassium-limited cultures (i.e., values in excess of 25 mmol
      O2/g dry weight organisms . h, at D = 0.4 h-1) are necessary to scavenge traces
      of K+ from the environment and hence maintain an exceptionally high transmembrane
      K+ gradient.

PMID- 395916
TI  - Influence of the glucose input concentration on the kinetics of metabolic
      production by Klebsiella aerogenes NCTC 418: growing in chemostat culture in
      potassium- or ammonia-limited environments.
AB  - With chemostat cultures of Klebsiella aerogenes growing at a fixed dilution rate,
      initially under conditions of glucose-limitation, transition to either potassium
      limitation or ammonia-limitation was found not to be a steep step function. A
      wide range of intermediate steady states could be established in which neither
      substrate was present in excess of the growth requirement. As the molar ratio of
      glucose: K+ in the feed medium was progressively increased, the additional
      glucose carbon was first converted solely to CO2. Thereafter, when the molar
      ratio exceeded 45, acetate, and then pyruvate and 2-ketogluconate were excreted
      at increasing rates. In contrast, transition to ammonia-limitation provoked an
      early excretion of 2-oxoglutarate and 2-ketogluconate, followed (at higher
      glucose input concentrations) by acetate and pyruvate. These patterns of product
      excretion are considered in relation to the specific nature of the growth
      limitation, to probable changes in the energy charge and redox balance within the
      growing cells, and to the accompanying modulation of tricarboxylic acid-cycle
      activity.

PMID- 395917
TI  - [Renal diabetes. Apropos of 103 cases in children].
AB  - A longitudinal study of 103 cases of renal glycosuria (94 families) led to the
      following conclusions. 1. When the condition is genetically determined, it is
      probably inherited as an autosomal recessive. 2. There is no relationship with
      diabetes mellitus. 3. The renal glycosuria is persistent but does not get worse.

PMID- 395918
TI  - [Neuroblastoma].

PMID- 395919
TI  - [Duodenal stimulation of insulin secretion. Role of intestinal villi].
AB  - Insulin secretion is partially regulated by hormonal and nervous signals arising
      from the duodenum. To ascertain the role of absorption through the villi on
      insulin secretion, the blood levels of immunoreactive insulin (IRI) in 13 normal
      children (T) were compared with those in 13 with flat jejunal mucosae (MJP). The
      bowel was stimulated by the infusion of Nutramigen direct into the duodenum at 4
      ml/mn m2. In the control group (T) IRI increased from the 10th minute of the
      perfusion to reach a plateau after the first hour (256 +/- 107 pmol/l). In the
      MJP group the rise of IRI was delayed and the plateau lower (169 +/- 25 pmol/1)
      but the difference in the two groups was not statistically significant. During
      the first 10 minutes when there is no significant change in blood glucose levels
      IRI levels increased in the T group (p less than 0.01) but there was no
      significant change in the MJP group. These results suggest that when villi are
      intact stimulation of the duodenum causes insulin secretion; but when there are
      no villi, there is a delay in the secretion.

PMID- 395920
TI  - In memoriam Wolfgang Bargmann (1906--1978).

PMID- 395921
TI  - Distribution of LHRH-like substance in the vertebrate brain as revealed by
      immunohistochemistry.

PMID- 395922
TI  - LH-RH neuron system of the newt by immunohistochemical study.
AB  - The location of LH-RH producing neurons, the pathways and terminal distributions
      of their fibers in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster were studied
      immunohistochemically. The LH-RH positive perikarya are located in the nucleus of
      the diagonal band of Broca and the medial septal nucleus. No LH-RH immunoreactive
      neuronal perikarya could be detected in the diencephalon. The pathways of fibers
      originating from the LH-RH reactive neurons were classified into three groups:
      the first project to the median eminence, the second to the olfactory bulb and
      the third to the habenular nucleus. The latter two pathways are
      extrahypothalamic, similar to those in mammals. These observations are briefly
      discussed and compared with those in other amphibian and mammalian species.

PMID- 395923
TI  - Proposal of a a neurosecretory system in the pancreas. An electron microscope
      study in the dog.
AB  - The nerve fibers supplying the islets of the dog pancreas were examined by
      electron microscopy. Axons with swollen portions containing various types of
      synaptic vesicles, including a cholinergic type, two varieties of presumable
      aminergic type and a possible peptidergic type, rush to the pericapillary space
      to end there, whereas only a small part of them seem to terminate on the
      endocrine cells of the islet. Schwann cell cytoplasm invests the axons and often
      separates these from the endocrine cells. The terminal portions filled with
      vesicles usually become free of the Schwann sheath on the side facing the blood
      capillary. Here the neuronal secretions are believed to be released into the
      blood stream through the pored endothelium of the capillary. The neurosecretions,
      together with the islet hormones are distributed to the exocrine pancreas in high
      concentrations via the insulo-acinar portal system. It seems thus sufficient for
      the nerves to supply the islet in order to control the exocrine function of the
      pancreas.

PMID- 395924
TI  - Neuro-insular complex type I in the mouse. Re-evaluation of the pancreatic islet
      as a modified ganglion.
AB  - Autonomic ganglia in the pancreas may include islet cells; while islets sometimes
      contain a group of ganglion cells. Electron microscope observation in adult mice
      confirms occurrence of a structure called neuro-insular complex type I by Fujita
      (1959), in which islet cells are juxtaposed to nerve cells either directly or by
      intercalation of a thin glial cell cytoplasm. Islet cells are equivalent to
      neurons in their attitude towards neurons and towards glial elements in the neuro
      insular complex. There seems to be every gradation between pure ganglia, mixed
      forms representing the neuro-insular complexes, and pure islets. Pancreatic
      islets may thus be regarded as modified ganglia.

PMID- 395926
TI  - Study on streptococcal bacteriophages--provisional lysotyping scheme.

PMID- 395925
TI  - Recent studies on Leptospira and leptospirosis in the Cantacuzino Institute (1968
      -1977).

PMID- 395927
TI  - The cellular and humoral immune response after administration to the guinea pig
      of Shigella flexneri 2a T32--Istrati vaccinal strain by different routes.

PMID- 395928
TI  - Immunochemical studies on enterobacterial common antigen.

PMID- 395929
TI  - Exoenzymatic characteristics and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics of Serratia
      marcescens. Their importance in epidemiological investigation.

PMID- 395930
TI  - Studies concerning the assessment of the incidence of human toxoplasmosis.

PMID- 395931
TI  - The new Editor-in-Chief of Artery, Henry F. Hoff, Ph.D.

PMID- 395932
TI  - Effect of group A streptococcal peptidoglycan and group A streptococcal cell wall
      on bone in tissue culture.

PMID- 395933
TI  - Microradiography of the mineralization pattern in developing teeth of the frog,
      Rana pipiens.

PMID- 395935
TI  - Classification schemes for dental school libraries.
AB  - The provision of an efficient and acceptable library system for the dental
      literature is examined. It is suggested that an index to the dental literature is
      best provided by a combination of Index Medicus and Medical Subject Headings. The
      Library of Congress scheme would be best for an autonomous dental school and,
      where a dental school library is provided by a large medical library, the
      National Library of Medicine Classification would be suitable for dental student
      use.

PMID- 395934
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a restorative resin with organic filler. Preliminary
      report and discussion.
AB  - Assessment of 192 Class III and V Isopast restorations was made up to 18 months
      after insertion. Within this time, there was no evidence to suggest early, marked
      marginal failure. Continued evaluation is required to assess marginal adaptation
      and discolouration over a longer period.

PMID- 395936
TI  - Lieutenant Colonel George Douglass.

PMID- 395937
TI  - Evaluation of an indirect fluorescent antibody test to diagnose Babesia equi
      infection in horses.
AB  - An indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test for the diagnosis of Babesia equi
      infections was evaluated. Antigen prepared by conventional methods was of high
      quality in one instance and of lesser quality in a second when possible
      autofluorescence of the horse blood caused inconvenience in reading tests. Tests
      on 14 horses shown by parasitological means to be either infected (9) or
      uninfected (5) produced reactions at dilutions of 1/270 to 1/7290 for infected
      and at 1/10 to 1/90 for uninfected animals. The accuracy of the test was further
      demonstrated during investigations of 701 horses in 3 states of Australia. The 30
      horses reacting at 1/270 to 1/2430 were from 33 imported to 3 different farms in
      Australia from a common source. Investigations of crossreactivity between B. equi
      and B. bovis of cattle suggested that B. bovis would not interfere with the test
      for B. equi, but that the reverse was possible.

PMID- 395938
TI  - Bacteriological aspects of the disposal of manure from beef cattle.
AB  - Manure, collected from cattle housed in yards, was spread on experimental plots
      at the rate of 120 tonnes per hectare per annum. The manure was applied to 2
      plots at 6-monthly intervals while a further 2 plots received monthly
      applications. Samples of manure soil, run-off and ground waters were examined for
      their counts of total aerobic bacteria, coliforms, faecal coliforms and for the
      presence of salmonellae. Comparison of the bacterial counts from samples from the
      test plots to those of the control plots showed that no change occurred in the
      levels of coliforms or faecal coliforms over the 3 years of manure application.
      One hundred and fifty-seven isolations of salmonella were made from the soil and
      water samples, but only 51 could be attributed to the manure. No difference was
      observed in the effects of different application frequencies.

PMID- 395939
TI  - A double blind comparative trial of viloxazine and amitriptyline in patients
      suffering from endogenous depression.

PMID- 395940
TI  - [Special aspects of fluid therapy in burns].

PMID- 395941
TI  - [On the 30th anniversary of the foundation of the German Democratic Republic].

PMID- 395942
TI  - [Current state and prospectives of ultrasonic osteosynthesis surgery of
      accidental injuries].

PMID- 395943
TI  - [Reconstruction and resensitization of the amputated thumb].

PMID- 395944
TI  - [Late plastic repair of the skin of the hand after burns and injuries in
      children].

PMID- 395945
TI  - [1st orthopedic textbook of the world for the use of the physician. On the 200th
      anniversary of the birth of Johann Christian Gottfried Jorg].

PMID- 395946
TI  - [Biochemistry, serology, pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance of an
      Escherichia coli strain from healthy sows and from animals with mastitis-metritis
      agalactia syndrome].

PMID- 395947
TI  - [Identification of sub-lethally damaged Salmonella after heat treatment].

PMID- 395948
TI  - Mutational study of the alcohol dehydrogenase-1 FCm duplication in maize.
AB  - The alcohol dehydrogenase-1 FCm (Adh-FCm) duplication in maize was subjected to
      ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis. Of the mutants recovered, eight
      produced ADH polypeptides with altered electrophoretic mobility. Four produced
      new mobilities of the progenitor F with no change of the Cm molecule; the
      remainder altered only the Cm enzyme. No cases were found in which the
      electrophoretic mobilities of the two types of subunits were simultaneously
      altered, and no complete nulls lacking both F and Cm were recovered. These
      observations confirm the duplicate nature of the FCm complex.

PMID- 395949
TI  - Equine peptidases: correspondence with human peptidases and polymorphism for
      erythrocyte peptidase A.
AB  - Equine erythrocyte peptidases were compared to the six human erythrocyte
      peptidases, A, B, C, D, E, and F, regarding substrate specificity, relative
      activity, and electrophoretic mobility. Five equine erythrocyte peptidases
      appeared homologous to human peptidases A, B, D, E, and F. In contrast to human,
      equine peptidase C was absent in red cells, although it was weakly active in
      white cells. On the other hand, an equine peptidase, probably homologous to human
      peptidase S, was weakly active in red cells as well as present in white cells.
      Polymorphism for equine erythrocyte peptidase A is reported.

PMID- 395950
TI  - Kinetic and spectroscopic evidence of cation-induced conformation changes in
      yeast K+ -activated aldehyde dehydrogenase.
AB  - The activity, stability and spectroscopic properties of yeast K+ -activated
      aldehyde dehydrogenase were measured at various times after removal from, and
      after returning to a solution containing K+. Enzyme activity is rapidly lost on
      removal of most of the K+ and rapidly regained if K+ is replaced immediately.
      These activity changes are slower than likely rates of K+ dissociation and
      association. These rapid changes in concentration result in altered enzyme
      stability with enzyme in K+ the more stable. U.v. difference spectra are produced
      whenever enzyme in an activating environment (K+ or Tl+) is compared with enzyme
      in a non-activating environment (Tris+ or Li+). These spectral changes occur
      within 10s. The saturation characteristics with K+ are hyperbolic for all three
      phenomena of activation, stabilization and spectral change, with estimated
      apparent dissociation constants (Ks) for K+ of 7.5 mM, 5.5 mM and 6 mM
      respectively. Continued incubation of enzyme in the absence of K+ results in the
      accumulation of an enzyme form that re-activates only slowly on replacing K+.
      Stability characteristics in various concentrations of K+ over equivalent time
      scales are consistent with the existence of additional conformations.
      Spectroscopic evidence also indicates such additional slow conformation changes.
      Results have been interpreted in terms of two separate conformation transitions
      induced or stabilized by K+.

PMID- 395952
TI  - Inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation by antibodies to distinct
      types of collagens.
AB  - Aggregation of platelets by fibrils formed from collagens type I, II and III
      could be inhibited by coating the fibrils with anti-collagen antibodies or Fab
      fragments. Similar results were obtained in a clot-retraction assay. Inhibition
      was achieved with stoichiometric amounts of antibodies and was specific for each
      type of collagen. Aggregation caused by a mixture of type-I and -III collagens
      could only be inhibited by a mixture of antibodies against both collagens. The
      data show that each interstitial collagen is capable of interacting with
      platelets and do not support the concept of an outstanding activity of type-III
      collagen.

PMID- 395951
TI  - Identification of a defence mechanism in vivo against the leakage of enterokinase
      into the blood.
AB  - 1. The serum proteinase inhibitors alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 2-macroglobulin,
      inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor and C1-esterase inhibitor were found not to affect
      the catalytic activity of human enterokinase, whereas bovine trypsin activity was
      modified essentially as expected. Enterokinase was also not inhibited by Trasylol
      (trypsin inhibitor from bovine lung) or bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor. No
      other component in human or mouse serum complexing with enterokinase was
      identified. 2. Human enterokinase administered intravenously into mice was
      rapidly cleared from the circulation with a half-life of 2.5 min. This removal
      was not the result of the difference in species, since partially purified mouse
      enterokinase was cleared at the same rate as the human enzyme. Clearance was
      mediated by recognition of the carbohydrate portion of enterokinase and not
      through specific recognition of its catalytic site. Immunofluorescent staining
      showed that the enzyme accumulated in the liver. Attempts to block the clearance
      by the simultaneous infusion of competing glycoproteins suggested that
      enterokinase was taken up by hepatocytes. Of the glycoproteins tested only two,
      human lactoferrin (terminal fucosyl alpha 1 leads to 3 N-acetylglucosamine) and
      bovine asialo-fetuin (terminal galactosyl beta 1 leads to 4 N-acetylglucosamine)
      were weakly competitive. Two inhibitors of endocytosis, Intralipid and Triton
      WR1339, failed to delay the removal of enterokinase. It is proposed that
      enterokinase is cleared from the circulation by an as yet uncharacterized
      hepatocyte receptor.

PMID- 395953
TI  - [Metabolic and neurochemical effects of nicergoline on the central nervous
      system. A review of the experimental studies (author's transl)].
AB  - The effects of 10-methoxy-1,6-dimethyl-ergoline-8 beta-methanol(5
      bromonicotinate) (nicergoline, Sermion) on the energy metabolism in the animal
      CNS during and after cerebral hypoxia and ischemia have been studied by various
      authors by different methodological approaches. For this purpose both
      electrophysiological (EEG and cortically evoked potentials) and neurochemical
      parameters (adenylates, creatinphosphate and some intermediates of glycolysis and
      Krebs cycle) were analysed in dogs and cats. These studies concordantly show that
      nicergoline exerts a favourable activity during the post-hypoxic and post
      ischemic period. In fact the recovery of the electrophysiological and
      neurochemical parameters is always more rapid in nicergoline-treated animals than
      in controls. The effects of nicergoline on the EEG pattern, on the energy
      potential and citrate concentration are particularly interesting.

PMID- 395954
TI  - [Interaction between anti-aggregating and anticoagulant agents. A double blind
      study on the concomitant administration of nicergoline and acenocoumarols].
AB  - A double blind study was carried out comparing 10-methoxy-1,6-dimethyl-ergoline-8
      beta-methanol-(5-bromonicotinate) (nicergoline, Sermion) and placebo in 60
      thromboembolic patients on long-term controlled acenocoumarol treatment. Aim of
      the trial was to assess the hypothesis of an interaction on both the coagulatory
      parameters and the clinical findings. No significant variations of the
      acenocoumarol daily dose were required in nicergoline treated group and no
      interaction was demonstrated in coagulatory parameters. Prothrombin activity and
      thrombo-test evaluated fortnightly were not statistically different in
      nicergoline and placebo groups while the platelet antiaggregating activity of
      nicergoline was confirmed after a three months' treatment. Bleeding time was
      unaffected. Minor differences in clinical findings were observed in the two
      groups.

PMID- 395955
TI  - [Psychopathometric double blind study with nicergoline versus placebo in
      geriatric patients with slight transit syndromes].
AB  - A double-blind study was carried out on 56 geronto-psychiatric in-patients who
      suffered from cerebral metabolic and nutritional disturbances to prove the
      effectiveness of 10-methoxy-1,6-dimethyl-ergoline-8 beta-methanol-(5
      bromonicotinate (nicergoline, Sermion). After a washout-phase of eight days the
      patients in the verum group received 3 x 1 dragee at 10 mg for a period of 12
      weeks. For methodical reasons only patients with slight transit syndromes and, of
      these, only the first four weeks of examination were included in the present
      analysis. Thus 8 verum and 9 placebo patients remain whose findings during the
      trial are recorded in three procedures of capacity and two procedures of self
      assessment (syndrome short test, repeating figures and letters, reading letters;
      scale for general somatic discomfort, scale for vegetative functional
      disturbances). In the measuring procedures there is a tendency towards
      improvement under the treatment with nicergline compared with placebo during the
      first three weeks. But the present results are not sufficient to come to a clear
      decision on the effectiveness of nicergoline in patients with cerebrovascular
      insufficiency.

PMID- 395956
TI  - [The role of nicergoline in the symptomatic treatment of arterial hypertension
      and chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency. A study on 359 observations (author's
      transl)].
AB  - An examination was carried out on the efficacy of 10-methoxy-1,6-diemethyl
      ergoline-8 beta-methanol-(5-bromonicotinate) (nicergoline, Sermion) on the
      symptoms of functional side effects of arterial hypertension and chronic
      circulatory insufficiency as regards the psychomotoric activity and the
      relational activity; 359 patients suffering from crebrovascular insufficiency
      were included in the study. The compound was applied in a daily dose of 10 mg i.
      m. for 5 days and then in a daily dose of 15 mg orally for 1 month. In the entire
      symptom complex of cerebro-vascular insufficiency a positive effect of
      nicergoline could be observed; the results of all clinical criteria and their
      therapeutic relevance are discussed.

PMID- 395957
TI  - Pharmacological and toxicological properties of creatinol O-phosphate. A review.
AB  - N-Methyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl)guanidine O-phosphate (creatinol O-phosphate, COP)
      has proved to possess anti-ischemic and anti-arrhythmic activities associated
      with improved ionic balance and heart performance. These activities, which have
      also been shown in clinical studies, are more evident in pharmacological and
      clinical conditions involving a hypoxic damage of the heart muscle.
      Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that absorption of COP administered i.m. is
      complete. COP is distributed in all organs, and in particular, in the kidney,
      liver and myocardium. After being dephosphorylated, this drug is eliminated with
      urine. Dephosphorylation of COP occurs in the kidney and liver. COP crosses the
      membrane of the myocardial cell, concentrating in the cytosoluble fraction. The
      results of the toxicological studies confirm that COP has no side effects, is
      excellently tolerated and has a favourable therapeutic index.

PMID- 395958
TI  - Creatinol O-phosphate therapy in patients with inadequate coronary circulation.
      Double-blind clinical trial.
AB  - N-Methyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl) guanidine O-phosphate (creatinol O-phosphate, COP)
      was checked on patients suffering from inadequate coronary circulation (12
      patients had a recent myocardial infarction and 13 were suffering from angina
      pectoris) versus a reference substance (solvent of COP) in a double blind study.
      COP improved rhythm disturbances, chest pains and symptoms of contractility
      failure to a statistically significant degree.

PMID- 395959
TI  - Activity of creatinol O-phosphate on persistent ventricular premature beats in
      ischemic heart disease. Double blind clinical trial.
AB  - In a double-blind investigation N-methyl-N-(beta-hydroxyethyl) guanidine O
      phosphate (creatinol O-phosphate, COP) was checked versus a reference substance
      (solvent of COP) on volunteers affected by ischemic heart disease with persistent
      ventricular premature beats (VPB). COP was able to reduce VPB by 50--100% in 85%
      of the volunteers treated with this drug. This fact and the virtual absence of
      side-effects of COP lead the authors to the conclusion that COP merits more
      extensive investigations in this field in view of its clinical employment alone
      or in association with specific antiarrhythmic agents.

PMID- 395961
TI  - [Calcium antagonists in the therapy of angina pectoris of effort].

PMID- 395962
TI  - [Treatment of unstable angina with oral verapamil. Cross-over double-blind
      study].

PMID- 395960
TI  - [A comparative study of the yield of three methods for detecting the presence of
      Triatoma infestans in infested dwellings (author's transl)].

PMID- 395964
TI  - DHE and DMF.

PMID- 395963
TI  - [Electrophysiological effects of calcium-antagonists and their use in
      arrhythmia].

PMID- 395965
TI  - Effect of etching on the strength of aluminous porcelain jacket crowns.

PMID- 395966
TI  - Professor E. A. Marsland appointed vice-principal of Birmingham University.

PMID- 395967
TI  - Partial denture technique. 1.--Introduction.

PMID- 395968
TI  - The librarian.

PMID- 395969
TI  - Neuropsychological processes in adult aphasia: rationale for treatment.

PMID- 395970
TI  - A review of success and failure in oesophageal speech development.

PMID- 395971
TI  - [Biochemical transformation of animal cells in culture].

PMID- 395972
TI  - [The unity and simplicity of nature as a leitmotif for research].

PMID- 395973
TI  - [Mutagenic and carcinogenic actions of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons].
AB  - The carcinogenic and mutagenic actions of benz(a)pyrene (BP) and its derivatives
      6-methyl-, 6-formyl-, 6-chloro-, 6-hydroxy-, 6-acetoxy-, 6-methoxy- and 4(5)
      methoxy-BP were studied in mice and bacteria Salmonella typhimurium TA-98 and TA
      100, respectively. The potent carcinogenic agents BP, 6-methyl-, 6-formyl-BP
      proved also mutagenic in bacteria of both strains. Weak carcinogenic compounds (6
      chloro-, 6-methoxy-, 4(5)-methoxy-BP) and noncarcinogenic ones (6-acetoxy-, 6
      hydroxy-BP) either turned out nonmutagenic or mutagenic in one of two bacterial
      strains tested. The differences in carcinogenic and mutagenic actions of the
      substances under study are not relative to the rate of their oxidation in the
      enzymatic system.

PMID- 395974
TI  - [Functional relationship between submaxillary gland and basal parts of intestinal
      cryptae and endocrine function of the pancreas].
AB  - The effect of fasting, glucose load and administration of the diabetogenic agent
      dithison on the cells of pancreatic islets, submaxillary glands and basal parts
      of intestinal cryptae was studied in rabbits by means of the histochemical
      dithison test. A potential relationship between these cells in realization of
      endocrine regulation of carbohydrate metabolism is suggested.

PMID- 395975
TI  - [Morphometric studies of pancreas islets of rats after subphrenic vagotomy].
AB  - Analysis of the morphometric data showed that 7 days after vagotomy significant
      changes ocurred in the pancreatic islets, mainly as a result of variation in B
      cells. At later periods (45 and 90 days after surgery) normalization of some
      morphofunctional parameters is noted, however, absolute restoration is not
      achieved.

PMID- 395976
TI  - [List of the members of the International Group for Scientific Research in
      Stomatology and Odontology].

PMID- 395977
TI  - A new implant design: a tripod with optimalisation of stress distribution on
      bone. I. Theoretical considerations.

PMID- 395978
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Silvio Palazzi].

PMID- 395979
TI  - A new implant design: a tripod with optimalisation of stress distribution on
      bone. II. Practical usage.

PMID- 395980
TI  - The "story" of nonionizing radiation research.

PMID- 395981
TI  - [Eyelid surgery: role of the ophthalmologist].

PMID- 395982
TI  - Physiological functions of the liver.

PMID- 395983
TI  - Liver surgery.
AB  - Surgery on the liver is a major undertaking and probably should only be attempted
      by surgeons suitably trained and with adequate experience. Lack of such
      experience perhaps accounts in part for the high mortality rate still associated
      with major liver surgery following trauma since the operation must be carried out
      by the surgeon on the spot under difficult conditions. Modern sophisticated
      diagnosis techniques now allow accurate localization and assessment of liver
      lesions and the short-term technical results of elective surgery are improving.
      Despite this, the long-term effects of liver surgery for malignancy are poor but
      it is often justified to relieve symptoms. Transplantation is still in its
      infancy and although the results look disappointing the occasional reports of
      long-term survivors should encourage further work in this field.

PMID- 395984
TI  - Tinnitus.

PMID- 395985
TI  - Battered wives.

PMID- 395986
TI  - The fetal EEG (detection of oxygen deprivation).

PMID- 395987
TI  - Tissue therapy.

PMID- 395988
TI  - Meditation.

PMID- 395989
TI  - Robert Victor Cooke, M.D., Ch.M., F.R.C.S.

PMID- 395990
TI  - Admission procedures - an assessment.

PMID- 395991
TI  - Experience is regrettable.

PMID- 395992
TI  - Bill 84 and its implications.

PMID- 395993
TI  - First discovered in 1895, the Canadian media rediscover x-rays in 1979.

PMID- 395994
TI  - X rays...x rays...x rays... They can be used safely.

PMID- 395995
TI  - The history of the Dental Aptitude Test program in Canada.

PMID- 395996
TI  - The content and use of the Dental Aptitude Test program.

PMID- 395997
TI  - Personality testing for dental admissions.

PMID- 395999
TI  - Admission procedure survey. Canadian Dental Schools 1977-1978.

PMID- 395998
TI  - Evaluation of the Dental Aptitude Test components as predictors of dental school
      performance.

PMID- 396000
TI  - The Dental Aptitude Test--its application in admissions.

PMID- 396001
TI  - National Council of Women in Canada. Pro fluoridation stand altered in 133-118
      vote.

PMID- 396002
TI  - $7 million clinic facility classed "first rate" by dean.

PMID- 396004
TI  - Small computers carry a big work load.

PMID- 396003
TI  - Lloyd Bowen is CDA honorary member.

PMID- 396005
TI  - Computerized oral fluoride program.

PMID- 396006
TI  - X-ray diffraction investigation of dental amalgam containing indium.

PMID- 396007
TI  - [Fluorides and the human environment].

PMID- 396008
TI  - Characterization of an inducible porter required for L-proline catabolism by
      Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - L-Proline can serve as sole source of carbon and nitrogen for the growth of
      Escherichia coli K12 and other Enterobacteria. L-Proline uptake and L-proline
      oxidase are subject both to catabolite repression and to specific induction by L
      proline or glycyl-L-proline, although their regulation is not strictly
      coordinate. A strain defective for L-proline uptake due to a lesion at the locus
      putP does not show elevated uptake activity either on relief of catabolite
      repression or when grown on glycyl-L-proline as nitrogen source. The apparent Km
      for L-proline uptake decreases up to 14-fold as uptake Vm increases when cells
      are induced for both L-proline uptake and L-proline oxidase; cells with increased
      uptake activity, alone, do not show an altered Km. Although L-proline is
      metabolized during the uptake measurements, uptake is always active. The observed
      variations in uptake Km are unlikely to result from the escape of radioactive L
      proline metabolites or from reversal of the transport reaction during the uptake
      measurements. We conclude that the L-proline porter encoded in putP is
      responsible for 80 to 90% of the constitutive and for the inducible L-proline
      uptake activity of wild-type bacteria. Although this porter is amplified in cells
      induced for L-proline catabolism, the observed values for uptake Vm may not be
      taken as a direct indicator of porter concentration.

PMID- 396009
TI  - Hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase response to litter size in
      suckling rats.
AB  - Rats were raised in litters of 3 or 14 from the 3rd postnatal day. Already, 2
      days later on day 5, those raised in groups of three had elevated blood
      cholesterol and insulin levels and a very much lower hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methyl
      glutaryl-CoA (HMG) CoA) reductase activity, than the other group. When aged 40
      days, hepatic HMG CoA reductase activity was higher in the group raised three
      rats per litter than in the large litter group.

PMID- 396010
TI  - Structure of ribosomes.

PMID- 396011
TI  - Phosphorescence evidence for the role of solvent--protein interactions in the
      energetics of conformational flexibility of liver alcohol dehydrogenase.
AB  - When tryptophyl side chains are hidden within relatively inflexible domains of
      globular proteins, the lifetime of the phosphorescence from these residues
      provides a measure of the local conformational flexibility. The phosphorescence
      decay from the tryptophan buried at the base of the nucleotide-binding domain in
      liver alcohol dehydrogenase (alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.1) was
      monitored between 1 and 40 degrees C to determine the energetics associated with
      the rate of local unfolding. The slow rate at which this process takes place is
      found to result from a high entropic barrier rather than from the disruption of
      strong intramolecular interactions. This observation along with the response of
      the system to solvent perturbations points to the significance of solvent-protein
      interactions in determining conformational flexibility.

PMID- 396012
TI  - Hybrid plasmids complement a putP mutation in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - Clarke and Carbon have prepared a colony bank of 2000 Escherichia coli strains
      each containing a random segment of the Escherichia coli chromosome inserted into
      the EcoR1 restriction site of the plasmid ColE1. We have screened the colony bank
      by conjugation and have identified three strains bearing hybrid plasmids that
      complement a defective putP gene. Each of these strains shows increased L-proline
      uptake activity in comparison with the unmodified host or with the host bearing
      noncomplementing hybrid plasmids. However, CS520, the DNA source strain employed
      in constructing the hybrid plasmids, is a putP mutant. Since Escherichia coli
      possesses two L-proline porters, a variety of possible complementation mechanisms
      are discussed.

PMID- 396013
TI  - The effect of protein modification reagents on the chemotactic response in
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Several classes of reagents that covalently modify proteins have been shown to
      inhibit the ability of Salmonella typhimurium to reverse the direction of its
      flagellar rotation. Such reversal normally allows the bacterium to tumble and
      reorient its movement in a more favorable direction. These reagents include those
      that react with amino, guanidino, sulfhydryl, and disulfide groups on proteins.
      At high concentrations, most of these compounds also cause the paralysis of
      flagellar rotation. Tumbling in bacterial chemotaxis has been shown to be
      dependent on the methylation of a class of membrane proteins. The effects of
      these reagents in an in vitro methylation system have been studied. The results
      obtained suggest that most of these compounds are probably not acting on intact
      cells by inhibiting the activities of the cheR methyltransferase or the methyl
      accepting proteins.

PMID- 396014
TI  - The interaction of polymeric viologens with hydrogenases from Desulfovibrio
      desulfuricans and Clostridium pasteurianum.
AB  - The interaction between hydrogenases from either Desulfovibrio desulfuricans or
      Clostridium pasteurianum and electron donors methyl viologen or polymeric
      viologens was examined. Extracts from each organism contained a single gel
      electophoretic band of active hydrogenase. The hydrogenase of D. desulfuricans
      was much more stable than that of Cl. pasteurianum. With methyl viologen apparent
      Km and Vm values were 0.5 mM and 0.62 mumole H2/min per milligram protein for the
      Cl. pasteurianum and 0.7 and 6.2 mumole H2/min per milligram protein,
      respectively, for the D. desulfuricans enzyme. The hydrogenases bound the
      polymeric viologens more tightly than methyl viologen, more so for the enzyme of
      D. desulfuricans than for Cl. pasteurianum. Maximal rate of hydrogen production
      was less with the polymeric than with methyl viologen. The results suggest that
      the D. desulfuricans enzyme in conjunction wiion than that from Cl. pasteurianum.

PMID- 396015
TI  - ICMSF methods studies. XIII. An international comparative study of the MPN
      procedure and the Anderson-Baird-Parker direct plating method for the enumeration
      of Escherichia coli biotype I in raw meats.

PMID- 396016
TI  - [Development of bacterial populations of telluric, enteric, and marine origin in
      planktonic systems exposed to urban pollution; mathematical data analysis].
AB  - A study of the comparative distribution of different types of bacterial
      populations in the sea area where the city of Marseille rejects its waste water
      shows that, when in contact with the marine environment, a great part of the
      allochthonic bacterial population undergoes physiological stress expressed by an
      abrupt reduction of the effectives and by weak values of the energetic charge.
      The presence of coliforms and streptococci in waste water lens, at important
      distances from discharging conduits, shows the possibility of a large diffusion
      for a fraction of the bacterial populations that withstand the initial stress.
      From mathematical analyses, an inverse correlation is revealed between detergents
      and the bacterial population as a whole, and between phenols and various
      allochthonic bacterial populations. The above results were evidenced through a
      sampling strategy based upon a 24-h-cycle study and a search for mathematical
      correlations between several biological, chemical, and physical parameters.

PMID- 396017
TI  - A simple device for uniform inoculation of nutrient surfaces.
AB  - A simple and inexpensive device for uniform surface inoculation is described.
      Efficiency and uniformity of inoculation were estimated with agar plates exposed
      to a bacterial suspension, containing 10 different strains, atomized with a spray
      gun. The fine mist settled, after a fall of 106 cm, upon the agar surfaces at the
      bottom of a cylindrical chamber. No significant differences were observed with
      regard to uniformity of inoculation between nine plates.

PMID- 396018
TI  - Further simplification of the Guizotia abyssinica seed medium for identification
      of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus bacillispora.
AB  - A simplified Guizotia abyssinica seed-based medium for presumptive diagnosis of
      Cryptococcus neoformans and C. bacillispora (Paliwal and Randhawa 1978) was
      further simplified by replacing seed extract with pulverized seeds. This medium
      gives unambiguous results, avoids false-positive reactions with 13 other
      yeastlike organisms, and is simple and relatively inexpensive to prepare.

PMID- 396019
TI  - Chemotactic responses of Vibrio alginolyticus to algal extracellular products.
AB  - A capillary assay was used to evaluate the chemotactic responses of Vibrio
      alginolyticus to three common algal extracellular products. Acrylate and
      glycolate attracted the motile marine bacterium. The peak response occurred with
      10(-2) M of each chemical. Acrylic and glycolic acid also attracted V.
      alginolyticus, with the peak response occurring at 5 x 10(-4) M of each chemical.
      Higher concentrations of the organic acids resulted in a decreased response. The
      bacteria also displayed positive chemotaxis to dimethyl sulfide.

PMID- 396020
TI  - A modified tube method for the cultivation and enumeration of anaerobic bacteria.
AB  - A new type of tube (the Lee tube) has been developed for use in the cultivation
      and enumeration of obligate anaerobes. The Lee tube is a double-walled, screw
      capped tube which allows the formation of a thin cylinder of agar medium between
      the two walls. Anaerobiosis is achieved through deoxygenation of the deep
      cylinder of agar during sterilization, a minimum of head space, and use of a
      reducing agent to absorb oxygen introduced during the inoculation procedure. For
      several species of Clostridium, Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium necrophorum,
      Veillonella alcalescens, and Pectinatus cerevisiiphilus, colony counts of
      cultures in the Lee tubes were comparable with those obtained in pour plates
      incubated in a BBL GasPak system and in anaerobic roll tubes.

PMID- 396021
TI  - Comparative studies of Giardia spp. in small mammals in southern Ontario. III.
      Duration and cyst production in natural and experimental infections.

PMID- 396022
TI  - The blood leukocytes of Bufo alvarius: a light, phase-contrast, and histochemical
      study.

PMID- 396023
TI  - [Dr. Josef Sajner, 70 years old].

PMID- 396025
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Vladislav Vlcek (July 7, 1912-October 18, 1979)].

PMID- 396024
TI  - [Czech scientific contribution to programmes of Polish medical and natural
      science congresses; 110th anniversary of the First Congress of Polish Physicians
      and Natural Scientists (author's transl)].

PMID- 396026
TI  - [In remembrance of Dr. O Kutvirta, founder of the Czechoslovak otolaryngologic
      society (1867-1929)].

PMID- 396027
TI  - [On the birthday of Dr. Vlasta Kucerova].

PMID- 396028
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Dr. Frantisek Macku, dean of the medical faculty at Charles
      University in Plzen].

PMID- 396029
TI  - [30 years of the J.E. Purkyne Czechoslovak Medical Society].

PMID- 396030
TI  - [10 years of the Slovak Medical Society and 30 years of the J.E. Purkyne
      Czechoslovak Medical Society].

PMID- 396031
TI  - [J.B. Lamarck - man, scientist, philosopher - 1744-1829].

PMID- 396032
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Libor Hejhal].

PMID- 396033
TI  - [On the death of Dr. Blazej Raska. Nov. 14, 1923 - Nov. 20, 1979].

PMID- 396034
TI  - [6 decades of the Komensky University in Bratislava].

PMID- 396035
TI  - [The development and further perspectives of theoretical medicine departments at
      the Komensky University Medical School in Bratislava].

PMID- 396036
TI  - [The development and perspectives of pre-clinical departments at the Komensky
      University Medical School in Bratislava].

PMID- 396038
TI  - [Development and further perspectives of development of the pediatrics department
      at the Komensky University Medical School in Bratislava].

PMID- 396037
TI  - [60 years of internal medicine at the Komensky University Medical School in
      Bratislava].

PMID- 396039
TI  - [Development and further perspectives of development of surgical disciplines at
      the Komensky University Medical School in Bratislava].

PMID- 396040
TI  - [Development of the stomatology branch at the Komensky University Medical School
      at Bratislava].

PMID- 396041
TI  - [Preventive disciplines at the Komensky University Medical School in Bratislava
      from 1919-1979].

PMID- 396042
TI  - [On the dealth of Jaroslav Vavrda (July 24, 1898-December 13,1979)].

PMID- 396043
TI  - [In memory of the unattained 80th birthday of Vratislav Jonas (December 23,
      1899)].

PMID- 396044
TI  - [Immunofluorescence investigation of formol-paraffin material].
AB  - Immunohistochemical methods were employed for the investigation of bioptic and
      necroptic material fixed in formol and embedded in paraffin after it had produced
      very little or no fluorescence at all in the use of routine immunofluorescence
      techniques. Partial digestion with pepsin or trypsin or both enzymes in
      succession mostly facilitated positive immunohistological reaction. This
      particular procedure gives more scope to the methodological possibilities of
      histological material examination in that it offers an opportunity for the
      immunohistological investigation of even old material not specially preserved for
      immunohistological purposes but routinely fixed in ordinary formol. The
      simplification adds general availability to the method.

PMID- 396045
TI  - Insulin-like activity of proteases. II. A protease possessing insulin-like
      activity in pronase.

PMID- 396046
TI  - Isolation of some new tryptoquivaline-related metabolites from Aspergillus
      fumigatus.

PMID- 396047
TI  - Synthesis and biological activity of LH-RH analogs substituted by
      alkyltryptophans at position 3.

PMID- 396048
TI  - [Nuclear insulin assay after a starch and maltose load in chronic diseases of the
      pancreas: a preliminary note (author's transl)].
AB  - In a group of 48 patients with chronic pancreatitis the authors investigated the
      variations of blood insulin content after stimulation with starch and maltose,
      and compared these changes with the correspondind glycemia values. The two
      curves, practically matching in normal subjects, tend to diverge considerably in
      patients with chronic pancreatitis. According to the authors, since the
      assessment of exocrine pancreas function by common laboratory methods is none too
      satisfactory, this method may yield better appreciation of extant damage to the
      pancreas.

PMID- 396049
TI  - [Graduated and constant compression of the lower extremities in the prevention of
      postoperative deep venous thrombosis and of pulmonary thromboembolism. Clinical
      trial].
AB  - The authors report their experience with graded-pressure elastic hose (TED
      Stockings) for the prevention of deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs and
      pulmonary embolism in high-risk, bedridden postoperative patients. The trial was
      designed according to a closed sequential program and gave positive,
      statistically significant results in terms of preventing pathology with this type
      of hose.

PMID- 396050
TI  - Inflammatory reactions in onchocerciasis: a report on current knowledge and
      recommendations for further study.
AB  - This report concerns the host's reactions to the presence of the parasite both in
      the course of the natural disease and during drug treatment. The various stages
      of Onchocerca volvulus are discussed in terms of the type of tissue reaction
      seen. The discussion then turns to basic hypotheses concerning the etiology of
      these reactions, emphasis being placed on the fact that while pathological
      changes are considerable in some locations there is a remarkable lack of reaction
      in others. Some of the mechanisms possibly involved in this apparent absence of
      host response are discussed, including anti-complement factors, poor
      antigenicity, acquisition of host antigen, immune tolerance, and blocking
      antibodies. In any study of the inflammatory response it is recommended that
      critical evaluations be made of histological material, haematological studies,
      the definition of the antigenic nature of O. volvulus, characterization of
      immunological reactivity of patients, and the definition of the migratory
      pathways of the parasite.The marked host reactions seen following chemotherapy,
      especially those related to the interaction of the drug diethylcarbamazine with
      microfilariae, are discussed at some length. The etiology of these reactions is
      considered and recommendations are made for the experimental elucidation of the
      mechanisms involved. Emphasis is placed on the necessity for detailed sequential
      histopathological and immunopathological studies in the definition of the tissue
      lesions found in onchocerciasis. Characterization of these lesions will assist
      greatly the approach to control of the adverse reactions seen during
      treatment.The use of anti-inflammatory agents in clinical trials is discussed and
      comments are made concerning the most suitable clinical situations for testing
      drugs and the types of drug that should be tested.

PMID- 396051
TI  - Intestinal immunity and vaccine development: a WHO memorandum.
AB  - As part of the research component of the WHO Diarrhoeal Diseases Control
      Programme, a Scientific Working Group met in August 1978 to review recent
      advances in knowledge of intestinal immunity, the application of genetic
      techniques in enteric vaccine development, the status of currently available
      immunizing agents against cholera, typhoid fever, and Shigella dysentery, and the
      prospects for the development of new or improved vaccines against the well known
      and newly recognized agents such as rotavirus and enterotoxigenic Escherichia
      coli. In each of these areas, the Group made specific recommendations for further
      research that should be considered for support under the WHO research programme
      in the field of diarrhoeal diseases.

PMID- 396052
TI  - Tanzania Filariasis Project: a provocative day test with diethylcarbamazine for
      the detection of microfilariae of nocturnally periodic Wuchereria bancrofti in
      the blood.
AB  - In coastal Tanzania, an area where the microfilariae (mf) of Wuchereria bancrofti
      exhibit nocturnal periodicity, the administration of 2 mg diethylcarbamazine
      (DEC) per kg body weight in the daytime provoked mf to enter the peripheral
      blood. In persons on normal daily activities the daytime DEC provocative method
      proved to be as sensitive in detecting microfilaraemia as was the examination of
      night blood. Its use in routine surveys is therefore justified. Although mf
      densities by day and night were highly correlated (r = 0.83) they tended to be
      lower after provocative daytime DEC than in the corresponding night blood, except
      in very light infections. This method was also useful in assessing the
      parasitological response to mass chemotherapy with DEC, but, in comparison with
      the results of the night blood examinations, the sensitivity and magnitude of the
      counts in persons remaining positive progressively decreased as the period of DEC
      administration increased. A correction factor has to be calculated to take
      account of this, and/or additional night blood samples must be taken.The dose of
      2 mg of DEC per kg body weight used was readily acceptable to the people in
      coastal East Africa, whose cooperation is difficult to obtain for night blood
      surveys. Apart from W. bancrofti, the only human filarial infection occasionally
      encountered in this area was Dipetalonema perstans. Because of the risk of a
      severe Mazzotti reaction the test is contraindicated in onchocerciasis endemic
      regions. Severe reactions may also occur in subjects with loaiasis.

PMID- 396053
TI  - Initial experiences with praziquantel in the treatment of human infections due to
      Schistosoma haematobium.
AB  - Initial studies of the tolerance and efficacy of praziquantel in the treatment of
      human infections due to Schistosoma haematobium were conducted at the WHO
      Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Ndola, Zambia. The first stage of the trial
      was a double-blind assessment against placebo of the tolerance and efficacy of
      oral doses of 1x20, 2x20, or 3x20 mg/kg in patients with a minimum schistosome
      egg excretion of 50 per random 10-ml sample of urine. Later a single-blind trial
      was carried out of the efficacy of three oral doses, each of 20 mg/kg, given at 4
      hour intervals, or of a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg.In 79 young Zambians with S.
      haematobium infections (and often other parasitic infections), patient tolerance
      to the drug was very good, only minor post-treatment symptoms of intermittent
      epigastric pain, anorexia, and headache being noted, all of short duration.No
      changes of clinical relevance were detected in the results of a battery of
      haematological and biochemical tests. Post-treatment eosinophilia occurred in 42%
      of drug-treated patients but also in 30% of those given placebo. Serial
      electrocardiograms revealed no changes of significance.At six months after
      treatment, of 73 patients followed up, only 1 case of parasitological failure was
      detected. At one year, 66 (83.5%) of 79 patients with S. haematobium infection
      were followed up and 2 (2.5%) parasitological failures were detected.Two years
      after treatment, 45 (57%) of 79 patients with S. haematobium showed negative
      urines, 7 (9%) had positive hatching tests, and 27 (34%) were absent.

PMID- 396054
TI  - Preliminary trials with praziquantel in human infections due to Schistosoma
      mansoni.
AB  - As part of a programme of multicentre trials of the tolerance and therapeutic
      effect of praziquantel, clinical trials were carried out in Brazil in patients
      with active Schistosoma mansoni infections, each of whom had a minimum geometric
      mean egg output of 100 eggs per gram of faeces calculated from multiple
      pretreatment stool examinations.The first stage was a double-blind assessment of
      tolerance and efficacy of oral doses of 1 x 20, 2 x 20, or 3 x 20 mg of
      praziquantel per kg of body weight. Subsequently, single-blind trials explored
      the effects of 3 x 20 mg/kg at 4-hourly intervals, and a single dose of 50
      mg/kg.Side effects increased in frequency as dosage increased. Nausea, epigastric
      pain, headache, dizziness, and drowsiness were all noted but their severity was
      mild or moderate and they disappeared in 48 hours. In general, monitoring
      laboratory tests showed little change.Following a stringent parasitological
      follow-up, 96% of 28 patients followed at 1 year after treatment with either 3 x
      20 mg/kg or 1 x 50 mg/kg were cured. Praziquantel seems to be a very promising
      drug against S. mansoni and further clinical trials should be strongly
      encouraged.

PMID- 396055
TI  - Double-blind studies of tolerance to praziquantel in Japanese patients with
      Schistosoma japonicum infections.
AB  - The first clinical trials of praziquantel against Schistosoma japonicum
      infections in Japan were planned to assess tolerance only. Three double-blind
      studies against placebo involving a total of 51 patients were conducted with
      dosages of praziquantel of 1 x 20 mg/kg body weight, 2 x 20 mg/kg, 3 x 20 mg/kg
      given on one day.The frequency of unwanted side effects was higher in the group
      of patients given praziquantel at a dose of 3 x 20 mg/kg than in all other drug-
      or placebo-treated patients. In general, the side effects, which included
      drowsiness, headache, lumbago, abdominal fullness, or epigastric discomfort,
      lasted for several hours but disappeared spontaneously. The results of laboratory
      tests showed no significant changes caused by treatment.The overall assessment
      showed excellent or good tolerance in all patients treated with praziquantel at
      the lower dose levels. In those given 3 x 20 mg/kg, tolerance was excellent in 1
      of 12 patients, good in 9, and fair in 2, whereas the respective placebo-treated
      group showed excellent tolerance in 3 of 12, good in 7, and fair in 2.

PMID- 396056
TI  - Preliminary clinical trials with praziquantel in Schistosoma japonicum infections
      in the Philippines.
AB  - Praziquantel, a new antischistosomal compound, was tested for tolerance and
      efficacy against placebo in two double-blind clinical trials in Philippine
      patients infected with Schistosoma japonicum.The compound was given orally at a
      dose of 3 x 20 mg/kg at intervals of 4 hours to a total of 82 patients-some
      without advanced disease and some with hepatosplenic involvement. A total of 43
      patients received placebo. In a single-blind trial, 42 patients were given a
      single oral dose of 50 mg/kg. Monitoring of vital organ functions included
      comprehensive laboratory tests and serial electrocardiograms. In 38 patients with
      hepatosplenic involvement due to advanced stages of infection, serial
      electroencephalograms were additionally recorded. No toxic effects were observed
      in any of these examinations.Undesirable side effects occurred in 53% of the
      patients given 3 x 20 mg/kg and in 70% after a dose of 1 x 50 mg/kg. They
      consisted mainly of abdominal discomfort, fever, sweating, and occasionally
      giddiness, but in general were transient and mild. At 6 months post-treatment, 60
      of 75 patients treated with 3 x 20 mg/kg and 29 of 41 treated with 1 x 50 mg/kg
      were completely negative for eggs. At 12 months post-treatment, 25 of 33 and 14
      of 26 patients in the two treatment groups were cured. Thus the divided dosage
      gave a superior therapeutic result. Praziquantel proved to be free of major
      toxicity, and was well tolerated, highly effective, and easy to administer.
      Confirmation of results in extended trials may soon permit large-scale treatment.

PMID- 396057
TI  - Trial of BCG vaccines in south India for tuberculosis prevention: first report-
      Tuberculosis Prevention Trial.
AB  - The protective effect of BCG vaccination is being evaluated in a controlled
      community trial near Madras in south India. After tuberculin and sensitin testing
      and radiographic and bacteriological examinations, BCG vaccines and placebo were
      allocated randomly to about 260 000 individuals, of whom 115 000 were definitely
      tuberculin negative at the time of vaccination. Intensive efforts are being made,
      by means of regular follow-up surveys, to identify all new cases of tuberculosis
      occurring in the community. This report presents the findings of the first 7(1/2)
      years of follow-up. Incidence of infection was high in the study population.
      However, incidence of bacillary disease was more frequent among initial
      tuberculin reactors, especially among the older persons, than among non-reactors
      of whom the majority were in the younger age groups. The distribution of new
      cases of bacillary tuberculosis among those not infected at intake did not show
      any evidence of a protective effect of the BCG vaccines.

PMID- 396059
TI  - Release of active and inactive renin by the human kidney.
AB  - 1. Active and inactive renin were assayed in plasma of the renal veins and the
      inferior vena cava below the kidney in eight patients with hypertension and
      unilateral renal abnormalities, 20 min after the patients had resumed the upright
      position. 2. The concentration of active renin on the affected side was
      significantly higher than that on the non-affected side. The concentration of
      inactive renin on the affected side was significantly lower than that on the non
      affected side and in the inferior vena cava. 3. These findings suggest either
      that the affected kidney mainly secretes active renin, which is then converted
      into inactive renin in the extrarenal circulation, or that the affected kidney
      activates inactive renin.

PMID- 396060
TI  - Direct radioimmunoassay and immunocytochemical localization of renin in human
      kidneys.
AB  - 1. Highly specific antibodies to human renin were prepared in rabbits and used
      for the preparation of a renin-free substrate, the direct radioimmunoassay of
      renin in plasma and kidneys, and the localization of renin with fluoresceinated
      antibodies. 2. In a patient with a partially infarcted kidney, plasma renin
      activity was increased, and could be activated by acid. The direct measurement of
      plasma renin by radioimmunoassay gave identical values before and after
      acidification. 3. In the ischaemic part of the kidney, renin content was high,
      both by the enzymatic and the direct method of measurement. It was low in the non
      ischaemic part of the kidney. 4. All afferent and some interlobular arteries of
      the obsolescent glomeruli were stained with fluoresceinated anti-renin
      antibodies. In the non-ischaemic area, the juxtaglomerular appratus did not
      stain. 5. Renin can now be measured in human plasma and kidney as an entity, by a
      specific radioimmunoassay. A direct investigation of this intrarenal hormone is
      now possible at the renal tissue level.

PMID- 396061
TI  - Renin precursor synthesis and renin-binding proteins in the mouse.
AB  - 1. The precursor synthesis of renin, the storage form in the kidney and the
      submaxillary gland, and the molecular nature of the forms in plasma were studied
      in the mouse. 2. Renin is synthesized as a precursor (pre-prorenin) with a
      molecular weight of 50,000. 3. Renin is stored in the submaxillary gland and the
      kidneys as fully active renin with a molecular weight of 40,000. 4. The
      predominant form of renin in plasma is the active mol. wt. 40,000 form. High
      molecular-weight forms of renin (800,000 and 70,000) are also present in plasma.
      5. Pure 125I-labelled mol. wt. 40,000 renin binds after a change in the tertiary
      structure, to the plasma protease inhibitors alpha 2-macroglobulin, inter-alpha
      trypsin inhibitor and alpha2-antithrombin. It binds also to lipoprotein and an
      unidentified plasma protein. No binding was seen to more than 50 other studied
      plasma proteins. 6. The high-molecular-weight forms of renin in plasma may be
      complexes of renin with plasma protease inhibitors and lipoprotein.

PMID- 396058
TI  - The immunology of human and animal cysticercosis: a review.
AB  - In this review of the literature concerning the immunology of animal and human
      cysticercosis, emphasis is placed on whether previous exposure to the antigen
      confers protection to the host. Statistical analysis of the published data
      indicates that immunized animals have a lower risk than non-immunized animals of
      contracting cysticercosis, there being large variations within and between
      different host-cysticercus relationships. There is no indication as to which
      antigen is best for immunization but, although live parasites in all stages of
      development, or extracts, appear to give protection, embryos, eggs, and
      excretions are most frequently used. Antibodies appear to be the principal
      mediators of resistance, but the action seems to be only upon very young larvae,
      while fully grown cysticerci are unharmed. Several immunological methods are
      valuable in the diagnosis of cysticercosis, the choice depending more on the
      purpose of the study than on differences in their ability to discriminate between
      healthy and sick. The presence of anticysticercus antibodies in the serum of up
      to 50% of human patients indicates that human vaccination may be possible in high
      risk areas; the remaining patients pose an interesting problem open to
      speculation and research on immunological evasion, immunodepression, and the
      existence of serotypes.

PMID- 396062
TI  - Acute and chronic effects of nifedipine on plasma renin activity and plasma
      adrenaline and noradrenaline in controls and hypertensive patients.
AB  - 1. Nifedipine, a calcium antagonist drug, was given sublingually (10 mg) to seven
      normal subjects and 19 patients with essential hypertension. In addition, 12 of
      the hypertensive subjects then received nifedipine (10 mg thrice daily) for 3
      weeks. 2. Sublingual administration of nifedipine in hypertensive patients
      induced a prompt and sustained reduction of blood pressure, without a significant
      increase of heart rate; in normotensive subjects blood pressure did not change,
      and heart rate was significantly increased. After chronic treatment, blood
      pressure remained reduced and heart rate did not rise. 3. Plasma catecholamines
      and plasma renin activity increased significantly in normotensive subjects after
      acute administration. 4. After both acute and chronic administration, only plasma
      noradrenaline was significantly increased in hypertensive patients; in long-term
      treatment, it was increased in both the lying and standing positions. 5.
      Nifedipine is an active antihypertensive drug, which may induce some degree of
      sympathetic activation.

PMID- 396063
TI  - Haemodynamic profile of angiotensin II antagonism in essential hypertensive
      patients.
AB  - 1. The haemodynamic response to antagonistic (10 microgram min-1 kg-1) and
      agonistic (40 microgram min-1 kg-1) doses of saralasin was studied in young
      essential hypertensive patients. Blood pressure behaviour alone was thought to be
      inadequate to describe the response pattern. 2. Pre-saralasin setting of the
      renin-angiotensin axis was varied with salt intake (15 and 290 mmol of Na+/day)
      each for 10 days. This failed to influence blood pressure or plasma volume. 3.
      Antagonist blockade after low salt lowered blood pressure in three patients with
      the highest plasma renin values. Cardiac output rose in two of these, but it
      dropped in all others. 4. Decreases in cardiac output occurred with both doses of
      saralasin and even with suppression of the renin-angiotensin axis. This response
      is therefore unlikely to be due to removal of myocardial or venous angiotensin
      effects. 5. The renin-angiotensin system played a part in maintenance of blood
      pressure only with severe salt restriction and in a small proportion of cases. 6.
      No heart rate effect was seen with sarcalasin. 7. Blood pressure and total
      peripheral resistance responses were dependent on pre-(antagonist/agonist)
      setting, but heart rate and cardiac output were not influenced by this factor.

PMID- 396065
TI  - Contribution of the kidneys but not adrenal glands to the acute antihypertensive
      effects of captopril in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - 1. Captopril (100 mg/kg, orally) decreased blood pressure in spontaneously
      hypertensive (SH) rats. 2. Bilateral adrenalectomy either before or after
      captopril administration did not alter the antihypertensive effect of captopril.
      3. Bilateral nephrectomy reversed the established antihypertensive effect of
      captopril and prevented any change in blood pressure to a subsequent dose of
      captopril. 4. It is concluded that kidneys but not adrenal glands are essential
      to the antihypertensive actions of captopril in SH rats.

PMID- 396064
TI  - Angiotensin II blockade during combined thiazide-beta-adrenoreceptor-blocker
      treatment.
AB  - 1. Sixteen patients (11 male, five female), median age 41 years, with essential
      hypertension insufficiently controlled by hydrochlorothiazide (75 mg/day;
      diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 100 mmHg), were studied. 2.
      Plasma renin concentration [renin], plasma angiotensin II concentration ([ANG
      II]), plasma volume and exchangeable sodium (NaE) were determined, and a
      saralasin infusion (5.4 nmol min-1 kg-1) was carried out while the patients were
      on thiazide alone and, in 14 cases, 3 months after addition of a beta
      adrenoreceptor blocker (propranolol, six, metoprolol, six, and atenolol, two
      patients). 3. On thiazide alone, saralasin caused a significant decrease in mean
      arterial blood pressure in 12 out of 16 patients. The saralasin response was
      closely related to pre-saralasin plasma [ANG II] (r = 0.73, P less than 0.01).
      Plasma [renin] and [ANG II] were higher than normal in the group as a whole. 4.
      After addition of a beta-adrenoreceptor blocker systolic and diastolic blood
      pressure decreased from 164/109 mmHg to 136/94 mmHg. Plasma [renin] and [ANG II]
      decreased by 40 and 58% respectively. At this point, saralasin caused no
      significant change in mean arterial pressure. No close correlation was found
      between plasma [renin] or [ANG II] or saralasin response on thiazide treatment
      and changes in blood pressure during subsequent thiazide/beta-adrenoreceptor
      blocker treatment. Plasma volume and NaE did not change significantly. 5. In
      patients with thiazide-induced stimulation of the renin-angiotensin system,
      addition of a beta-adrenoreceptor blocker leads to suppression of the system and,
      at the same time, ANG II-dependence of blood pressure disappears. This
      contributes to the antihypertensive effect of beta-adrenoreceptor blockers in
      this particular situation.

PMID- 396067
TI  - Captopril in hypertension with renal artery stenosis and in intractable
      hypertension; acute and chronic changes in circulating concentrations of renin,
      angiotensins I and II and aldosterone, and in body composition.

PMID- 396066
TI  - Haemodynamic effects of captopril in hypertensive patients: comparison with
      saralasin.
AB  - 1. Captopril (25 mg) reduced plasma angiotensin II (ANG II) by 53% (P less than
      0.001) and mean brachial artery pressure (MBAP) by 18.7 mmHg (P less than 0.001)
      within 75 min in 26 hypertensive patients. After 2 months (on 150-600 mg/day)
      MBAP had decreased by 27.1 mmHg (n = 18) with no further change of plasma ANG II.
      delta MBAP was significantly related to control log plasm renin (PRA)  and log
      ANG II in both conditions. 2. The acute depressor response to captopril was 11.2
      mmHg greater (P less than 0.001) than delta MBAP during saralasin infusion (n =
      12). 3. Heart rate slightly increased after acute administration of captopril
      (+3.3 beats/min; P less than 0.005), but cardiac output was not significantly
      affected; systemic vascular resistance decreased by 10% (P less than 0.01) with
      unchanged pulmonary vascular resistance. 4. During chronic administration, oxygen
      consumption, cardiac output and stroke volume increased by 15% (P less than
      0.01), with unchanged heart rate; systemic vascular resistance had dropped by 30%
      (P less than 0.001). 5. Plasma ANG II and plasma aldosterone decreased, and PRA
      and ANG I increased acutely, with no further changes during chronic treatment.

PMID- 396068
TI  - Does the renin-angiotensin system maintain blood pressure in both hypertensive
      and normotensive subjects? A comparison of propranolol, saralasin and captopril.

PMID- 396069
TI  - Alpha-adrenergic suppression of renin secretion in the rat independent of renal
      vasoconstriction.
AB  - 1. The effect of alpha-adrenergic stimulation, with phenylephrine, on
      isoprenaline-provoked renin secretion was studied in the isolated perfused rat
      kidney. 2. Infusion of phenylephrine increased renal perfusion pressure and
      prevented renin secretion in response to isoprenaline. 3. Renal vasoconstriction
      was abolished and the response in renin secretion to isoprenaline was restored by
      alpha-adrenoreceptor blockade with phenoxybenzamine. 4. In contrast, when renal
      vasoconstriction was prevented by dihydrallazine, suppression of renin release by
      phenylephrine still occurred. 5. These observations support an inhibitory effect
      of a non-vascular alpha-adrenergic mechanism on renin release. It is suggested
      that the alpha-receptor mediating this effect is directly related to the renin
      producing juxtaglomerular cell.

PMID- 396070
TI  - Plasma noradrenaline concentration in hypertensive and normotensive 40-year-old
      individuals: relationship to plasma renin concentration.
AB  - 1. Forty-year-old individuals with mild essential hypertension, identified during
      a survey of a population born in 1936, were investigated. Forty-year-old
      normotensive subjects, drawn from the same population, served as a control group.
      2. Plasma noradrenaline concentration and plasma renin concentration at rest
      supine and after acute stimulation, as induced by frusemide intravenously and
      ambulation, did not differ from reference values in the 40-year-old normotensive
      controls. In the hypertensive group a close correlation (r = 0.77, P less than
      0.001) was found between plasma noradrenaline and plasma renin concentration
      after acute stimulation. 3. Sympathetic nerve activity, as defined by
      measurements of plasma noradrenaline, is normal in mild essential hypertension.
      Discrepancies described in the literature are probably related to a lack of
      comparability between hypertensive and normotensive study populations.

PMID- 396071
TI  - The effect of mental stress on catecholamines, their metabolites and plasma renin
      activity in patients with essential hypertension and in healthy subjects.
AB  - 1. Ten patients with essential hypertension and ten healthy men were submitted to
      mental stress consisting of Kraepelin's arithmetic test combined with noise.
      Concentrations of plasma and urine catecholamines and of their metabolites as
      well as plasma renin activity before and after the test were studied. 2. In both
      groups a significant increase of noradrenaline and adrenaline in blood and
      noradrenaline in urine was observed. The urinary excretion of dopamine fell
      significantly in both groups after stress. 3. After mental stress a significant
      increase in urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol was observed in
      both groups. The excretion of vanillylmandelic acid decreased significantly only
      in healthy subjects. 4. The plasma renin activity rose significantly in both
      groups but the increase was more pronounced in healthy subjects.

PMID- 396072
TI  - Origin of kallikrein in rat and human exocrine glands and kidney.
AB  - 1. The cellular localization of kallikrein was investigated in rat and human
      exocrine glands and kidney by a direct immunofluorescence technique. 2.
      Kallikrein was found in the duct system of the rat and human major salivary
      glands. 3. Kallikrein was found in the distal tubular cells of the rat kidney.
      Attempts to localize kallikrein in the human kidney were unsuccessful. 4. In the
      rat and human pancreas, kallikrein was found as a pro-enzyme in the acinar cells.

PMID- 396073
TI  - Inhibition of urinary kallikrein excretion by semi-purified renin in the rat.
AB  - 1. Rat kidney extracts obtained at successive stages of a purification procedure,
      which allows the separation of renin and kallikrein, were used in order to
      investigate their effect upon urinary excretion of kallikrein, sodium, potassium
      and water in hyperhydrated rats. 2. Only the purified fraction containing renin
      reduced kallikrein excretion. The decrease of kallikrein coincided with a
      considerable increase in sodium, potassium and water excretion. 3. The
      natriuretic effect of renin extract did not depend on the presence of kallikrein.
      The injection of a mixture of renin and kallikrein attenuated the effect of renin
      alone, indicating that both enzymes exert antagonistic actions on the excretion
      of electrolytes and water by the kidneys. 4. A purified fraction of kidney
      extract containing no kallikrein and only traces of renin activity, had a
      stimulatory effect on kallikrein, water and electrolyte excretion.

PMID- 396074
TI  - Urinary kallikrein in normotensive subjects and in patients with essential
      hypertension.
AB  - 1. Excretion of urinary kallikrein was normal in 13 out of 15 patients with
      uncomplicated essential hypertension. 2. Frusemide increased urinary kallikrein
      excretion in normotensive subjects and in patients with essential hypertension.
      The stimulating effect of frusemide on urinary kallikrein was significantly
      diminished in patients with essential hypertension. 3. No correlations of urinary
      kallikrein with sodium, potassium, and aldosterone excretion were found. 4. The
      results do not support the idea that urinary kallikrein plays a primary role in
      the pathogenesis of essential hypertension.

PMID- 396076
TI  - Sodium balance, urinary prostaglandin E2 and renin in normal man.
AB  - 1. Urinary prostaglandin (PG) E2 excretion and plasma renin were measured in five
      healthy volunteer subjects for 2 h after intravenous injection of frusemid
      (protocol A) and during salt restriction for 7 days with frusemide added on the 2
      last days (protocol B). 2 In protocol A, peak values in PGE2 and urine flow were
      reached in 10-20 min, after which the values rapidly subsided. Plasma renin
      increased twofold in 60 min. 3. In protocol B, even during severe antinatriuresis
      (day 5) and during maximal negative sodium balance (day 7), no change in urinary
      PGE2 excretion was observed. Plasma renin increased twofold on day 5 and
      increased tenfold on day 7. 4. The result of protocol B does not suggest any
      essential role of renal PGE2 for sodium excretion or sodium homeostasis in man.
      The result of protocol A may point to a role of renal prostaglandins for the
      diuretic action of frusemide.

PMID- 396075
TI  - Urinary prostaglandins and kallikrein in essential hypertension.
AB  - 1. Urinary prostaglandins (PG), kallikrein and plasma renin activity (PRA) were
      measured in 35 patients with essential hypertension and 22 normotensive controls
      before and 15 min after frusemide (40 mg intravenously). 2. PGE2 and kallikrein
      excretion rates were lower in hypertensive subjects, and failed to rise to the
      same extent after frusemide. PGF2 alpha excretion was not significantly different
      in the two groups of patients either before or after frusemide. PRA rose less in
      the hypertensive subjects after frusemide. 3. These findings support the view
      that there is an abnormality of renal vasodilator systems (PGE2 and kallikrein)
      in essential hypertension.

PMID- 396077
TI  - Blood pressure effects of endogenous brain angiotensin in rats are increased by
      inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis.

PMID- 396078
TI  - Factors determining the variability of arterial pressure in hypertension.
AB  - 1. Intra-arterial pressure was recorded continuously in 26 patients with
      uncomplicated essential hypertension under standardized conditions. Pressure was
      analysed beat by beat by computer and variability measured as the standard
      deviation of the normally distributed frequency histogram. 2. Variability was
      strongly influenced by physical activity, being least during sleep and increasing
      progressively with bed rest and ambulation. Variability during daytime was not
      related to time. 3. Systolic variability correlated directly with systolic
      pressure. An independent inverse relationship with baroreflex sensitivity was
      observed. Systolic variability tended to increase with obesity. 4. None of the
      following were related independently with variability: age; race; sex; plasma
      renin activity; plasma angiotensin II; plasma noradrenaline; plasma adrenaline.

PMID- 396079
TI  - Sodium excretion and blood pressure in essential hypertensive patients during the
      early phase of hospital admission.

PMID- 396080
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of mineralocorticoid-induced blood pressure increase in
      man.
AB  - 1. To gain insight into the mechanism of mineralocorticoid-induced blood pressure
      rise in man we performed haemodynamic studies in six normotensive volunteer
      subjects before and during administration of the synthetic steroid 9 alpha
      fluorocortisol (0.8 mg daily) for a period of 6 weeks. In a further study,
      performed in seven subjects, plasma noradrenaline concentration and reactivity to
      exogenous noradrenaline were determined before and during administration of the
      mineralocorticoid. 2. Within the first week of steroid administration an increase
      in mean arterial blood pressure could be demonstrated, which was due to an
      increase in cardiac output. After the sixth week the elevated blood pressure was
      the consequence of an increased total peripheral resistance. 3. Plasma
      noradrenaline concentration decreased and reactivity to exogenous noradrenaline
      increased during steroid administration. 4. The mechanism underlying the increase
      in total peripheral resistance during long-term mineralocorticoid administration
      remains unclear. Increased sympathetic tone does not seem to be a factor since
      plasma noradrenaline decreased considerably. Pressor response to noradrenaline
      increased probably due to decreased sympathetic tone.

PMID- 396081
TI  - Haemodynamics during long-term thiazide treatment in essential hypertension:
      differences between responders and non-responders.
AB  - 1. Blood pressure, systemic haemodynamics, plasma volume, renin and aldosterone
      were measured during placebo treatment and after 1, 4 and 12 weeks of
      hydrochlorothiazide in 13 patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension.
      Nine of these patients were also studied after 24 and 36 weeks of treatment. 2.
      Mean arterial pressure was lowered significantly during hydrochlorothiazide
      treatment. In seven patients the fall in mean arterial pressure was lowered
      significantly during hydrochlorothiazide treatment. In seven patients the fall in
      mean arterial pressure was greater than 10% (responders); four of these were
      studied for 36 weeks. The remainder were considered non-responders. 3.
      Hydrochlorothiazide lowered cardiac output. The maximal decrease was observed
      after 12 weeks of treatment (P less than 0.01). In responders this was followed
      by a return to pretreatment values and a significant decrease in total peripheral
      resistance, whereas in non-responders cardiac output remained reduced and total
      peripheral resistance was permanently elevated. 4. Changes in plasma volume,
      renin and aldosterone were not significantly different in responders and non
      responders although non-responders tended to show a greater degree of plasma
      volume depletion and a more pronounced increase in plasma aldosterone. 5. Thus it
      is unlikely that the initial decrease in cardiac output is an important
      determinant of the long-term haemodynamic effect of thiazide diuretics.

PMID- 396082
TI  - Mechanism of the haemodynamic interaction between atenolol, a cardioselective
      beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking agent, and chlorthalidone in hypertensive patients.

PMID- 396083
TI  - An evaluation of tienilic acid, a new diuretic uricosuric agent, in the therapy
      of arterial hypertension.
AB  - 1. Tienilic acid and hydrochlorothiazide were evaluated in a double-blind trial
      in order to investigate their antihypertensive and metabolic effects. 2. After 5
      weeks, the decreases in blood pressure and the changes in plasma or serum
      electrolytes, urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides, and in
      creatinine clearance, did not differ in the two groups of patients. 3. In
      patients taking tienilic acid a significant decrease in serum uric acid and an
      increase in urate clearance was observed, whereas in patients receiving
      hydrochlorothiazide a slight increase in serum uric acid, with no modification of
      urate clearance, occurred. 4. The diuretic and antihypertensive actions of
      tienilic acid and hydrochlorothiazide are very similar. The
      uricosuric/hypouricaemic effect of tienilic acid could assume clinical relevance
      in long-term therapy of hypertensive patients.

PMID- 396084
TI  - Response of arterial blood pressure, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone
      concentration to long-term administration of captopril in patients with severe,
      treatment-resistant malignant hypertension.
AB  - 1. The response of arterial blood pressure, plasma renin activity and plasma
      aldosterone concentration to inhibition of angiotensin I converting enzyme
      (kininase II) with captopril has been studied in patients with severe, treatment
      resistant, malignant hypertension. 2. Nine patients with a past history of severe
      hypertension, supine diastolic blood pressure greater than 120 mmHg before
      conventional antihypertensive therapy and resistant to conventional
      antihypertensive therapy were studied. 3. Captopril administration resulted in a
      marked decrease in arterial blood pressure and plasma aldosterone concentration
      and an increase in plasma renin activity. 4. Although arterial blood pressure
      remained significantly below the values observed during the control period,
      pressure did tend to increase again after 3 days. Addition of hydrochlorothiazide
      kept arterial pressure significantly below pretreatment control values.

PMID- 396086
TI  - Effect of increasing doses of labetalol on blood pressure, plasma renin activity
      and aldosterone in hypertensive patients.
AB  - 1. Four different doses of labetalol (150, 300, 600 and 900 mg/day) were given
      for 1 week to each of four groups of patients with essential hypertension (six
      patients for each group). 2. Labetalol decreased mean blood pressure and heart
      rate to the same extent on the first and the seventh days of treatment. Only
      standing blood pressure showed a dose-dependent inhibition both in the supine and
      upright position. 3. Labetalol exerted a net inhibitory effect on plasma renin
      activity, which was related to basal renin values and was already maximal at the
      lowest doses. This effect was well maintained in the supine position. This effect
      was well maintained in the supine position, although during standing it tended to
      be less evident with increasing doses. 4. Urinary aldosterone was decreased in a
      dose-dependent fashion and its changes were largely independent fashion and its
      changes were largely independent of plasma renin activity. 5. Neither basal
      values nor changes of renin and aldosterone were related to the hypotensive
      effect of labetalol. 6. During labetalol treatment urinary sodium excretion fell
      for 2-3 days and then returned to basal values. The retentive effect of labetalol
      on sodium was directly related to the decrease of blood pressure, and the
      successive sodium escape might be explained either by the observed increase of
      plasma volume (indirectly measured by packed cell volume) or by aldosterone
      inhibition.

PMID- 396087
TI  - Systemic haemodynamic effects of biofeedback in borderline hypertension.
AB  - 1. Six patients with borderline hypertension underwent training in exteroceptive
      biofeedback (BFB) in order to increase or decrease arterial pressure. 2. Systemic
      haemodynamics, intravascular volume and peripheral renin activity were determined
      before, during and after training sessions. 3. BFB training resulted in a
      significant reduction in mean arterial pressure (from 116 +/- 4.6 to 101 +/- 2.5
      mmHg) mediated through a fall in total peripheral resistance; cardiac output,
      heart rate, intravascular volume and plasma renin activity remained unchanged. 4.
      In contrast, the increase or decrease of arterial pressure that occurred during
      BFB training was produced predominantly through changes in cardiac output and
      heart rate respectively, whereas total peripheral resistance under these
      circumstances remained unaffected. 5. The haemodynamic effects of BFB seem
      remarkably similar to the immediate or chronic effects of beta-adrenoreceptor
      blockade, initially producing a fall in cardiac output followed by a reduced
      arterial pressure associated with a decreased total peripheral resistance.

PMID- 396085
TI  - One year follow-up of hyperuricaemic hypertensive patients treated with tienilic
      acid or a diuretic with or without uric acid-lowering drugs.

PMID- 396088
TI  - Initial results of the Australian Therapeutic Trial in mild hypertension: Report
      by the Management Committee.

PMID- 396089
TI  - The evidence that salt is an important aetiological agent, if not the cause, of
      hypertension.
AB  - 1. Salt intake and the incidence of hypertension correlate between populations.
      2. Salt intake within a population may correlate with the incidence of
      hypertension. 3. Disorders that lead to retention of salt cause hypertension. 4.
      Modest salt restriction reduces blood pressure in many patients. 5. Reducing salt
      balance and preventing the compensatory rise in angiotensin II controls blood
      pressure in most patients. 6. Salt is the probable cause of the epidemic of
      hypertension in the Western world; this could be prevented by salt restriction.

PMID- 396090
TI  - Salt and hypertension: a sceptical review of the evidence.

PMID- 396091
TI  - Pressor responsiveness to angiotensin in renovascular and steroid hypertension.
AB  - 1. The pressor response to angiotensin II was reduced in rats with early (less
      than 6 weeks) and chronic (greater than 4 months) Goldblatt two-kidney, one-clip
      hypertension and enhanced in DOCA-salt hypertension. 2. Converting enzyme
      inhibition with captopril brought the angiotensin pressor response curves into
      closer proximity although the DOCA hypertensive rats were minimally hyper
      responsive and rats with early and chronic renovascular hypertension showed
      slightly reduced responsiveness. 3. After bilateral nephrectomy the pressor
      responses to angiotensin were similar. 4. The pressor response to angiotensin II
      in these animals was inversely related to plasma renin concentration and
      therefore largely dependent upon receptor occupancy by endogenous angiotensin II.
      There is no evidence for enhanced pressor responsiveness to angiotensin in either
      renovascular or DOCA hypertension.

PMID- 396092
TI  - Address on the occasion of the presentation of the Astra Award for the Clinical
      Pharmacology and Therapeutics of Hypertension to Dr Brian N.C. Prichard and the
      Smith Kline and French Award for a Young Investigator in Hypertension to Dr
      Suzanne Oparil.

PMID- 396093
TI  - Relationship between exchangeable sodium and blood pressure in different forms of
      hypertension in man.
AB  - 1. Arterial pressure and exchangeable sodium (NaE) were measured in patients with
      Conn's syndrome, essential hypertension, renal artery stenosis and chronic renal
      failure. Comparison was made with a control group. Urine sodium excretion was
      measured separately from the two kidneys in patients with renal artery stenosis.
      2. Compared with control, mean NaE was significantly increased in Conn's
      syndrome, and was normal in essential hypertension, renal artery stenosis and
      chronic renal failure. 3. The correlation of arterial pressure with NaE was
      positive and significant in Conn's syndrome, essential hypertension and chronic
      renal failure. 4. In contrast the correlation was significantly negative in
      unilateral renal artery stenosis. Patients with lowest NaE had hyponatraemia,
      hypokalaemia and secondary hyperaldosteronism. 5. Urinary sodium excretion from
      the unaffected kidney in unilateral renal artery stenosis correlated positively
      with arterial pressure, possibly reflecting the phenomenon of pressure
      natriuresis. Patients subsequently responding least well to surgery excreted
      least sodium from the untouched kidney for a given arterial pressure. 6. The
      findings suggest important roles for arterial pressure in the regulation of
      sodium balance (predominant in renal artery stenosis), and for sodium balance in
      the regulation of arterial pressure (predominant in Conn's syndrome). The
      observations in essential hypertension are compatible either with an exact
      balance between these mechanisms or with the existence of some other mechanism
      raising blood pressure.

PMID- 396094
TI  - Role of cardiac output, volume and resistance factors in the pathogenesis of
      hypertension.

PMID- 396095
TI  - Activators of inactive renin ("prorenin') in human plasma: their connection with
      kinin formation, coagulation and fibrinolysis.

PMID- 396096
TI  - Isolation of a renal thiol protease that activates inactive plasma renin.
AB  - 1. A thiol protease with properties similar to those of cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1)
      has been isolated and purified from human renal cortex. 2. This enzyme can
      generate renin activity from renin-suppressed and anephric human plasma at pH
      5.5. 3. The renin activity thus generated is inhibited completely by antibody to
      purified human renal renin. This activation therefore represents the release of
      inactive renin.

PMID- 396098
TI  - [Prophylactic value of platelet anti-aggregants in coronary disease].

PMID- 396097
TI  - [Problem of intrahepatic cholestasis: current findings on ultrastructure,
      physiopathology, clinical features and treatment].

PMID- 396099
TI  - [A new anti-rheumatic drug in orthopedics].

PMID- 396100
TI  - [Controlled clinical study of the use of creatinol-O-phosphate in subjects with
      deficient myocardial circulation].

PMID- 396102
TI  - Toxline.

PMID- 396101
TI  - Phthalate esters: the question of safety--an update.

PMID- 396103
TI  - Some observations on the evolution of current aortic aneurysm management.

PMID- 396104
TI  - Complement receptors.

PMID- 396105
TI  - Isolation and structure of human histocompatibility (HLA) antigens.

PMID- 396106
TI  - Obituary: Karl Gloning.

PMID- 396107
TI  - Volatile substances from actinomycetes: their role in the odor pollution of
      water.

PMID- 396108
TI  - Kinin system in clinical and experimental rheumatoid inflammation: a short
      review.
AB  - The kallikrein, kininogen, kinin and kininase system along with other
      inflammatory chemical mediators are important components for the initiation and
      maintenance of clinical and experimental rheumatoid-like inflammatory conditions.
      Numerous studies carried out in the last few years, however, strongly suggest
      that the kinin-forming system intervenes in a far wider range of physio
      pathological processes than has been considered previously. The authors summarize
      present knowledge concerning the system and review some of the latest
      experimental findings and opinions.

PMID- 396109
TI  - Plasma levels of glucose and lactate after intravenous glipizide administration
      in some insulin-dependent diabetics. Therapeutic effects of an associated
      glipizide-insulin treatment.
AB  - A study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of glipizide in insulin
      dependent diabetic patients. An intravenous glipizide (2 mg) test was carried out
      in 7 patients before and after a period of associated insulin-glipizide treatment
      (mean daily dose of 80.7 i.v. lente insulin and 14.3 mg glipizide for 9.1 months)
      to assess the capacity of the sulphonylurea to reduce acutely the plasma glucose
      and lactate levels. Glipizide did not produce glucose variations in either test
      but did result in a significant decrease, in the first test only, in mean plasma
      baseline levels of lactate, which were higher than normal in these patients.
      There was no reduction in daily insulin requirements after the period of
      associated glipizide-insulin treatment. It is concluded that, in the dosage used,
      intravenous glipizide probably has no hypoglycaemic effects in insulin-dependent
      diabetics. Moreover, it did not prove useful in combination with insulin.
      However, the reduction in plasma lactate may be related to an acute enhancement
      of the exogenously administered insulin. This improvement in the insulin effect
      may be an acute one among the so called "extra-pancreatic" actions which have
      been demonstrated for glipizide and other sulphonylureas.

PMID- 396110
TI  - A multi-centre general practice trial of a pindolol/clopamide combination
      ('Viskaldix') in essential hypertension.
AB  - A large, open, multi-centre study was carried out in general practice to evaluate
      the effectiveness and tolerance of a combination of 10 mg pindolol plus 5 mg
      clopamide, in single tablet form, in the treatment of patients with essential
      hypertension. Computer analysis of the records of 8989 patients who completed the
      8-weeks' study period showed that treatment with the combination product, in a
      dosage of 1 tablet daily in 83% of the patients, resulted in excellent blood
      pressure control in the majority (75%) of cases, irrespective of age or previous
      antihypertensive treatment, and was particularly effective in those with mild to
      moderate hypertension who had previously not received any therapy. Side-effects
      were generally not troublesome and only 8.3% of patients stopped treatment for
      this reason. The most commonly reported side-effects were dizziness, nausea,
      tiredness and headache.

PMID- 396111
TI  - Placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial of alprenolol in African
      hypertensive patients.
AB  - A placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial of alprenolol was carried out
      in 20 hypertensive Africans. The active drug and placebo were each administered
      for 8 weeks using a crossover design. Alprenolol was given in the form of a slow
      release tablet preparation at a dosage of 200 mg twice daily. Four patients were
      withdrawn from the study either because of side-effects (2 patients) or non
      compliance (2 patients). The mean reduction in blood pressure obtained in the 16
      patients who completed the trial was less than that usually reported in
      Caucasians.

PMID- 396112
TI  - Problems of development: immunology as master and servant.

PMID- 396113
TI  - Immunological approaches to embryonic development and differentiation Part I.

PMID- 396114
TI  - Cell surface and early stages of mouse embryogenesis.

PMID- 396115
TI  - Developmental stage-specific antigens during mouse embryogenesis.

PMID- 396116
TI  - Early embryonic cell surface antigens as developmental probes.

PMID- 396117
TI  - Cell surface antigens of cultured neuronal cells.

PMID- 396118
TI  - Cell surface antigens of the nervous system.

PMID- 396119
TI  - Antibody effects on membrane antigen expression.

PMID- 396120
TI  - Topographic display of cell surface components and their role in transmembrane
      signaling.

PMID- 396121
TI  - Cell surface differentiations during early embryonic development.

PMID- 396122
TI  - Immunofluorescent analysis of chromatin structure in relation to gene activity: a
      speculative essay.

PMID- 396123
TI  - Cytophilic antibodies.

PMID- 396124
TI  - Mobility of epidermal growth factor surface receptors and modulation by
      cytoplasmic actin.
AB  - Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors were demonstrated in cultured bovine
      odontogenic epithelial and ectomesenchymal cells and in rat embryonic and foetal
      lung fibroblasts by immunofluorescent reactivity with EGF and anti-EGF traced
      with a fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labelled goat anti-rabbit globulin. Mobility of
      EGF receptors, either alone or cross linked by anti-EGF, was manifest as
      sequential changes in staining patterns progressing from a random pattern to
      clusters, supranuclear caps and large perinuclear globules. Double fluorochrome
      studies showed that supranuclear caps of EGF receptors occurred in sites closely
      related to those occupied by cytoplasmic actin; the latter was demonstrated by
      anti-actin antibody traced with a rhodamine-labelled goat anti-human globulin.
      Prior treatment of cells with 2 x 10-5 M cytochalasin B for 10-120 min promoted
      capping of EGF receptors, while its presence throughout the staining procedure
      inhibited capping. The dual opposing effects of cytochalasin B on capping suggest
      that actin may have roles in the opposing functions of EGF receptor anchorage and
      mobility.

PMID- 396125
TI  - Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosomes 2, 3, 4, and
      5.

PMID- 396126
TI  - Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosome 6.

PMID- 396127
TI  - Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosomes 7, 8, and 9.

PMID- 396128
TI  - Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosomes 10, 11, 12, X,
      and Y.

PMID- 396129
TI  - Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosomes 13, 14, 15,
      16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22.

PMID- 396130
TI  - Report of the committee on molecular cytogenetics.

PMID- 396131
TI  - Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosome 1.

PMID- 396132
TI  - Sucrase and cellular development.
AB  - The cellular changes that take place as the intestinal cell migrates from crypt
      to villus are morphologically and biochemically remarkable. It is fortunate that
      many of these phenomena can be delineated by following enzymic activities.
      Sucrase-isomaltase is a particularly fascinating enzyme complex because it is a
      marker of the differentiated cell. Sucrase is inducible with steroids and
      protected by the substrate sucrose. Purified enzyme can be used to stimulate
      production of specific antibodies in goats; these antibodies have been used as
      probes to locate enzymically active and inactive antigen in the cells of the
      crypt and villus respectively. Further examination of the enzyme has indicated a
      molecular weight of 200 000--350 000. These higher molecular weight components
      are located in the brush border of the enterocytes. Lower molecular weight
      subunits are antigenically active and are in the cytosol. It is assumed that
      these smaller components are enzymically inactive pre-combination subunits of the
      sucrase-isomaltase complex and that the sucrase-isomaltase of the brush border is
      an aggregate of these subunits. The California sea lion, which is deficient in
      intestinal sucrase activity, does have isomaltase activity. This finding supports
      the concept that there are different gene complexes for sucrase and for
      isomaltase.

PMID- 396133
TI  - The role of enteropeptidase in the digestion of protein and its development in
      human fetal small intestine.
AB  - Enteropeptidase converts trypsinogen into active trypsin, which not only
      hydrolyses some peptide bonds of food proteins but also activates a number of
      pancreatic zymogens. For this reason enteropeptidase is a key enzyme in the
      digestion of dietary proteins and its absence may result in gross protein
      malabsorption.

PMID- 396134
TI  - Membrane digestion and nutrient assimilation in early development.
AB  - Advances in the study of membrane digestion are described which relate to
      techniques for the separation of the apical glycocalyx and the study of the
      distribution of enzymes between the latter and the cell membrane. The regulatory
      properties of brush border enzymes have been demonstrated. Membrane digestion by
      pancreatic enzymes adsorbed on the mucosal surface and by enteric enzymes
      predominates in early development, whereas intraluminal digestion develops during
      the transition to definitive (adult) nutrition. Substrate and other, non
      substrate factors are involved in the regulation of intraluminal and membrane
      digestion in ontogeny. The importance of lipid components of the diet for the
      maintenance of proximal-distal gradients of enzyme activity in the small
      intestine during the transition from milk to adult nutrition is discussed. At
      this period of development hydrocortisone affects both the synthesis of enzymes
      and their incorporation into the enterocyte membrane. The inducibility of
      different enzymes is not identical. The hypothesis has been proposed that stress
      is one of the factors inducing or repressing the synthesis of brush border
      enzymes. These effects are mediated through the hypothalamus, adrenals,
      hypophysis and thyroid. The experimental findings demonstrate that various
      stressors are responsible for the induction of sucrase, maltases, gamma-amylase,
      peptidases and alkaline phosphatase, and for the repression of lactase in
      suckling rats.

PMID- 396135
TI  - The differentiation and redifferentiation of the intestinal epithelium and its
      brush border membrane.
AB  - This paper briefly reviews the progress of investigations during the past 30
      years into the development of the intestinal epithelium, and surveys the
      directions in which research in this field is now advancing. Early studies showed
      that the differentiation of the epithelium is a discontinuous process, and also
      focused attention on the enzyme specialization of the brush border. The phases of
      differentiation were found to be under the control of the pituitary--adrenal
      system, with the outflow of glucocorticoids influencing both structural and
      biochemical aspects of enterocyte development in fetal and postnatal stages. More
      recent evidence has shown that thyroid hormones can also regulate epithelial
      differentiation, even in the absence of adrenocortical function. Organ culture is
      now becoming an important means of probing into the processes underlying overt
      differentiation, and methods for culturing pure populations of enterocytes are
      being perfected. Studies of developmental alterations in the constituents of the
      brush border membrane, and of synthesis and glycosylation of membrane
      constituents, are contributing to the development of an integrated account of the
      differentiation of this membrane, through which all nutrients must pass.

PMID- 396136
TI  - The role of lingual lipase in neonatal fat digestion.
AB  - Lingual serous glands (von Ebner) contain a potent lipase that hydrolyses
      triglycerides to a mixture of partial glycerides (di- and monoglycerides),
      glycerol and free fatty acids. Studies in man and in rat have shown that similar
      lipolytic activity is present in oesophageal and gastric aspirates and suggest
      that the intragastric digestion of dietary fat is initiated by lingual lipase. In
      the rat the lingual serous glands are initiated in 19- to 20-day fetuses; lipase
      activity is first detected in 20-day-old fetuses and increases 14-fold by birth.
      The data suggest that in the fetus lipase activity originates predominantly in
      the serous demilune cells of mucous glands whereas after birth the enzyme is
      synthesized and stored in the rapidly differentiating serous glands. In man
      lipolytic activity is present in gastric aspirates as early as 26 weeks of
      gestational age. Our studies suggest that the lipolytic activity has
      characteristics similar to those of adult human and rat lingual lipase; the
      enzyme is present in the oesophageal pouch of infants with oesophageal atresia
      indicating that in infants, as in adults, it probably originates in the lingual
      serous glands. Since the enzyme is active in the absence of bile salts and has a
      low pH optimum it is ideally suited to act in the stomach and probably
      compensates in the premature for low pancreatic lipase activity. The lipolytic
      activity could be important, not only in the digestion of dietary fat, but in
      helping to overcome the temporary bile salt deficiency and to solubilize dietary
      fat through the formation of amphiphilic reaction products.

PMID- 396138
TI  - [60th birthday of Ministerial Director Prof. Werner Eckerskorn].

PMID- 396137
TI  - [Foodstuff additive-induced intolerance reactions].
AB  - Additional materials in food and consumers' goods can produce different allergic
      reactions. The more important additional materials and reactions produced by them
      are discussed. They introduce to us the phenomenon of the intolerance and the
      different cross reactions during treatment of the pathomechanism. The causal
      clearing up of the intolerance reactions is made by provocation tests, with the
      help of which pathological reactions may be prevented.

PMID- 396139
TI  - [Mixed feed, an indispensable management agent in animal production].

PMID- 396140
TI  - [Feed additives in animal nutrition (author's transl)].

PMID- 396141
TI  - [Digestibility and tolerance of different feed stuffs: investigations on
      typhiektomized ponies (author's transl)].

PMID- 396142
TI  - [Salinomycin as a growth promoting feed additive in piglet rearing (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 396143
TI  - [Iodine allowance of fattening pigs].

PMID- 396144
TI  - [Pelletizing of mixed fodder. Technical process and effect on components and
      additional supplements (author's transl)].

PMID- 396145
TI  - [Thermal effects on the feed additive, zinc bacitracin].

PMID- 396146
TI  - [Anaesthesiological investigations on young pigs (author's transl)].

PMID- 396147
TI  - Update on the toxicity of inhaled methyl methacrylate vapor.
AB  - The current threshold limit value (TLV) of 100 ppm for methyl methacrylate vapor
      was originally set because it was considered to be a value sufficiently low to
      preclude either systemic toxicological effects or discomfort from irritation in
      workers chronically exposed to the vapor. Shortly after this limit was proposed
      we became interested in evaluating the toxicological properties of methyl
      methacrylate vapor and, subsequently, of providing experimental data which would
      be useful in evaluating the adequacy of this TLV. The purpose of this article is
      to review some of the more relevant literature prior to 1976 which pertains to
      inhalation exposure and to summarize our more recent data which resulted from
      statistically designed studies employing acute and subchronic exposures to known
      concentrations of the vapor including the near-TLV value of 116 ppm.

PMID- 396148
TI  - DNA binding and mutagenicity of 7-substituted derivatives of benz[A]anthracene.
AB  - The binding of carcinogenic 7-hydroxymethylbenz[a]anthracene (7-HOCH2-B[a]A) and
      7-acetoxymethylbenz[a]anthracene (7-AcOCH2-B[a]A) to calf thymus DNA was studied
      in the presence or absence of microsomal enzymes or nucleoside phosphates. In the
      absence of microsomes or ATP little or no binding was detected for either
      hydrocarbon (HC). Microsomal enzymes significantly enhanced the binding of both
      HC's to DNA when compared to control as measured by radioactivity bound to DNA.
      When 7-HOCH2-B[a]A was incubated at 37 degrees with ATP there was a linear
      increase in binding over a six hr period. Of the nucleoside phosphates tested,
      ATP, and to a lesser extent ADP and CTP, mediated binding of 7-HOCH2-B[a]A
      suggesting formation of a reactive phosphate ester. Mutagenicity studies with 7
      acetoxymethyl, 7-hydroxymethyl, 7-formyl-, 7-methyl-, and 7-methoxymethyl-B[a]A
      were conducted using the Salmonella reverse mutation assay. All compounds
      exhibited mutagenic activity in the presence of S-9; only 7-AcOCH2-B[a]A was
      active without S-9 indicating this compound to be an ultimate mutagen.

PMID- 396149
TI  - Binding forms of toxic heavy metals, mechanisms of entrance of heavy metals into
      the food chain, and possible measures to reduce levels in foodstuff.

PMID- 396150
TI  - An enzyme-immunoassay for estriol.
AB  - A practical method was developed for enzyme-immunoassay of serum estriol, with
      alkaline-phosphatase as a marker enzyme. Alkaline-phosphatase was conjugated with
      estriol-6-(O-carboxymethyl) oxime using water soluble carbodiimide. The estriol
      alkaline-phosphatase complex, which has both enzyme activity and capacity to bind
      anti-estriol serum, was obtained by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. This complex,
      which was stable for at least 3 months at 4 degrees C, was used as enzyme
      labelled estriol. Anti-estriol serum raised against estriol-6-(O-carboxymethyl)
      oxime bovine serum albumin was employed. "Bound and free" estriol were separated
      by the double antibody method. A linear relation was obtained between estriol
      concentration and antibody-bound alkaline-phosphatase activity in the range of
      0.2-100 ng estriol/ml. In this assay system, cross-reactivity with other steroids
      was negligible under physiological conditions, and endogenous alkaline
      phosphatase, which increases during the late pregnancy, caused no interference.
      The coefficients of variation were 3.3-14.2% (within assays), and less than 22%
      (between assays), and the mean recovery rate was 77.5%. Serum estriol values
      determined by the present method correlated well with those determined by
      radioimmunoassay (r=0.90 for total estriol; r=0.98 for free estriol). The present
      method of enzyme-immunoassay is suitable for measurement of serum estriol during
      pregnancy.

PMID- 396151
TI  - Features of ginseng saponin-induced corticosterone secretion.
AB  - Ginseng saponin administered intraperitoneally to rats induced a significant rise
      in plasma corticosterone, while it tended to increase plasma glucose and to
      decrease plasma immunoreactive insulin. Oral or intraperitoneal administration of
      ginseng saponin increased plasma corticosterone in unanesthetized, pentobarbital
      anesthetized or alloxan-diabetes rats. The histamine-induced rise in plasma
      corticosterone was suppressed by pretreatment with diphenhydramine, whereas the
      ginseng-induced rise was not. Ginseng saponin decreased rectal temperature while
      it increased plasma corticosterone. Ginseng-induced corticosterone secretion was
      superimposed on the basal levels of plasma corticosterone due to fasting and
      circadian rhythm. Thus ginseng saponin would be a kind of stressful agent and
      have different features associated with the stimulation of the pituitary
      adrenocortical system from several other chemical agents.

PMID- 396152
TI  - Statistical methods for censored survival data.
AB  - Methods of statistical analysis of censored survival times are briefly reviewed
      and illustrated by application to clinical trials data. These include estimation
      of the survival curce, nonparametric tests to compare several survival curves,
      tests for trend, and regression analysis. Extensions of the methodology are made
      for application to epidemiologic case-control studies. These are used to estimate
      relative risks for leukemia associated with radiation exposures. A final section
      provides some annotated references to the recent literature.

PMID- 396153
TI  - Statistical computing in the United States.
AB  - Recent history and developments related to the increase in statistical computing
      activities in the United States and by U.S. participants in international efforts
      are reviewed, with emphasis on important events, organizations, references, and
      products which contribute to informed selection and use of statistical programs.
      Three features matrices for major statistical packages are included as potential
      aids to Japanese statisticians in assessing the utility of these packages in
      biostatistical applications.

PMID- 396155
TI  - Some concepts in toxicology.
AB  - Toxicology seeks to understand and quantify injurious chemico-biological
      interactions. The application of this understanding is prediction of the
      likelihood of occurrence of injury to human health or to undesirable alteration
      of ecological balance. The key to understanding chemical induced biological
      injury is development of improved methods of measuring changes in cellular
      function and structure and the application of these methods to elucidate the
      mechanisms and factors that modulate chemical injuries. The key to application of
      this understanding is appropriately designed dose-response and time-response
      studies which will, with appropriate consideration of biological mechanisms,
      allow prediction of conditions of exposure (and their confidence limits) that
      represent finite levels of risk of injury. The underlying data base required is
      extensive and will be drawn from traditional studies as well as new methods of
      testing and risk assessment.

PMID- 396154
TI  - Statistics in Japanese universities.
AB  - The teaching of statistics in the U.S. and Japanese universities is briefly
      reviewed. It is found that H. Hotelling's articles and subsequent relevant
      publications on the teaching of statistics have contributed to a considerable
      extent to the establishment of excellent departments of statistics in U.S.
      universities and colleges. Today the U.S. may be proud of many well-staffed and
      well-organized departments of theoretical and applied statistics with excellent
      undergraduate and graduate programs. On the contrary, no Japanese universities
      have an independent department of statistics at present, and the teaching of
      statistics has been spread among a heterogeneous group of departments of
      application. This was mainly due to the Japanese government regulation concerning
      the establishment of a university. However, it has recently been revised so that
      an independent department of statistics may be started in a Japanese university
      with undergraduate and graduate programs. It is hoped that discussions will be
      started among those concerned on the question of organization of the teaching of
      statistics in Japanese universities as soon as possible.

PMID- 396156
TI  - Wisdom, technology, and the good life.
AB  - Wisdom lies in extraction of good from new and old. Wisdom alone produces a
      society of wise men unable to leave their caves. Technology alone produces a
      society ruled by cold, despotic facts. A proper combination of wisdom and
      technology can produce the good life. That requires recognition of our
      ambivalence toward technology, a move away from our superspecialization of
      technologists and nontechnologists and toward a clearer understanding of
      technology as a most important servant of man.

PMID- 396157
TI  - Biostatistics in the United States and Japan.

PMID- 396159
TI  - Assessment of myocardial function in the horse. 1. Theoretical and technical
      considerations.
AB  - The paper discusses the various parameters which are currently used in attempts
      to assess the contractile efficiency of the myocardium in various species. These
      procedures depend upon accurate recording of intracavity pressure. The response
      of a catheter-mounted microtransducer compared with a fluid-filled catheter
      manometer system is illustrated to show the advantage of the former in providing
      a true representation of pressure changes.

PMID- 396158
TI  - Intestinal barriers to water-soluble macromolecules.
AB  - Neonates of some species of mammals absorb water-soluble macromolecules from the
      lumen of the gut to the circulation. This is a means for providing the neonate
      with passive immunological protection. The accepted model for absorption of
      macromolecules, particularly immunoglobulin G (IgG), has at least three phases:
      adherence of the macromolecule to the brush border on enterocytes;
      internalization of the macromolecule within the enterocytes; and egress of the
      macromolecule into the lamina propria. With regard to the absorption of IgG,
      adherence is thought to be a specific reaction of ligand (IgG) with a plasmalemma
      binding site. Pinocytosis is activated and internalization follows. Egress into
      the lamina propria occurs at the basal-lateral membrane by a process of reverse
      pinocytosis. Unbound (unprotected) macromolecules that are internalized in the
      pinocytosic fluid are shunted off to lysosomes and either digested or stored
      therein. Neonatal rodents fit this model for macromolecular absorption. However,
      in another group of neonates (e.g., pig, cow, horse), nonselected absorption
      takes place, in that IgG and other macromolecules are transported from the gut
      lumen to the blood. In a third group of neonates, (e.g., human, guinea pig)
      absorption of IgG is either of low order or nonexistent. Since neonatal mammals
      possess a mechanism for absorbing macromolecules, there is the potential for
      internalizing toxic macromolecules if the toxin is presented to the neonate's
      enterocytes in competitive amounts. Adults retain remnants of the neonatal
      absorptive mechanism.

PMID- 396160
TI  - Biohazards in dentistry. Part I. Splatter and aerosols.

PMID- 396161
TI  - [Current status of hairy cell leukemia].

PMID- 396162
TI  - [Continuity and innovation].

PMID- 396163
TI  - [Prospects of antiaggregant therapy in prevention of atherosclerosis].

PMID- 396165
TI  - [Possibilities of optimization of analyzers for dynamic electrocardiography. The
      computer as a development prospect].

PMID- 396164
TI  - [General methods for the study of antihypertensive drugs].

PMID- 396166
TI  - A controlled trial of phenoperidine and diazepam in gastrointestinal endoscopy.

PMID- 396167
TI  - [The postnatal growth of the skull in the house mouse Mus musculus Linne, 1758,
      and in 2 different large subspecies of the field mouse Microtus arvalis Pallas,
      1779. I. Introduction, materials and methods].
AB  - In order to describe postnatal skull growth in Mus musculus, Microtus arvalis
      arvalis and M. a. asturianus, a total of 408 animals were raised and measured.
      The growth rate of single bones was followed by means of a maximum-likelihood
      estimator for the parameters A, B and C of the growth function Y(t) = A-B exp(
      Ct). Supplementary techniques used to estimate the morphological divergence of
      the different taxa included methods of allometry research and multivariate
      statistical methods such as discriminate analysis and MANOVA. Drawings of
      selected stages of skull-bone ossification are provided to assist researchers in
      determining the age of undated specimens.

PMID- 396168
TI  - [Medroxyprogesterone in the postpartum. Single dose administration].

PMID- 396169
TI  - [Uretrocystopexy to the internal obturator muscle as treatment of stress urinary
      incontinence].

PMID- 396170
TI  - Insight into the pathophysiology of aplastic anemia provided through the results
      of marrow transplantation.

PMID- 396171
TI  - Pathogenesis of severe aplastic anemia: inferences from therapeutic trials.

PMID- 396172
TI  - Infusion of fetal liver cells in aplastic anemia.

PMID- 396173
TI  - Antilymphocyte globulin treatment in severe aplastic anemia--comparison with bone
      marrow transplantation. Report of 60 cases.

PMID- 396174
TI  - The role of haplo-identical bone marrow transfusion in ALG treated patients with
      severe aplastic anemia (SAA).

PMID- 396175
TI  - Recovery from aplastic anemia following therapy with antithymocyte globulin.

PMID- 396176
TI  - Some possible mechanisms leading to autoimmune destruction of bone marrow cells.

PMID- 396177
TI  - Serum inhibitors of granulocyte CFU-C in aplastic anaemia.

PMID- 396178
TI  - Serum inhibitors in aplastic anaemia.

PMID- 396179
TI  - Aplastic anemia after bone marrow transplantation for severe combined
      immunodeficiency.

PMID- 396180
TI  - The contribution of in vitro cultures to the elucidation of the pathogenesis of
      aplastic anaemia.

PMID- 396181
TI  - [Laboratory diagnosis of varicella-zoster virus infections].

PMID- 396183
TI  - [The physiological aspects of physical hypo-activity].

PMID- 396182
TI  - [Listeria meningitis following renal transplantation].

PMID- 396184
TI  - [Pre-mature labor--mechanisms and inhibition].

PMID- 396185
TI  - [Immunological aspects of bone transplantation].

PMID- 396186
TI  - [Haptoglobin system in lung cancer].

PMID- 396187
TI  - [Scientific achievements of the Department of Applied Pharmacy of the Cracow
      Medical Academy].

PMID- 396188
TI  - [Biological availability and solubility of phenylbutazone].

PMID- 396190
TI  - [Distribution of infusion fluids in the south-east macroregion].

PMID- 396189
TI  - [Effect of method of preparation on pharmaceutical availability of aminophylline
      suppositories].

PMID- 396191
TI  - [Bovine serum albumin binding of various anti-inflammatory agents].

PMID- 396192
TI  - [Effect of methylmercury chloride on selected components of lipid metabolism in
      rat myocardium].

PMID- 396194
TI  - [Quantitative evaluation of colpocytograms in uncomplicated pregnancy].

PMID- 396193
TI  - [Cell mediated immunity in lung cancer].

PMID- 396195
TI  - [Effect of various Mannich bases, isatin beta-thiosemicarbazone derivatives, on
      vaccinia virus replication in vitro and in vivo].

PMID- 396196
TI  - [Neurohormonal regulation of intestinal blood circulation and oxygen
      consumption].

PMID- 396197
TI  - [Characteristics of the incidence of leukemia in the Cracow district during 1961
      1968 on the basis of probability evaluation by Poisson distribution. I. Analysis
      of the incidence of leukemia in 18 administrative units according to Poisson
      distribution in the Cracow region].

PMID- 396198
TI  - [Effect of hyperthyroxinemia and physical exertion on the content of various
      lipids in the rat myocardium].

PMID- 396199
TI  - [Potassium magnesium aspartate (K-Mg-aspartate) in the treatment of digitalis
      glycoside poisoning].

PMID- 396201
TI  - [Effect of gastrointestinal hormones on gastric mucosa with special regard to the
      regulation of its electric potential. III. Studies of electric potential of
      gastric mucosa in rats. Hormonal regulation of gastric electric potential.
      Relationship between gastric electric potential changes after pentagastrin and
      gastric juice secretion and ultrastructure of parietal cells].

PMID- 396200
TI  - [Studies on the prevention and treatment of hypertension in the light of current
      needs and possibilities].

PMID- 396202
TI  - [Cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins in children].

PMID- 396203
TI  - [Effect of methylmercury chloride on the lipid metabolism of rat liver].

PMID- 396204
TI  - [Comparative studies on systolic pressure of the right ventricle and
      electrocardiographic image in selected congenital heart defects in children].

PMID- 396205
TI  - [Correlations between sub-periods of right-ventricular contraction, heart rate
      and selected hemodynamic indicators of pulmonary circulation and the right
      ventricular activity].

PMID- 396206
TI  - Centenary of the birth of academician K. I. Skryabin.

PMID- 396207
TI  - 50th birthday of Associate Professor MUDr., RNDr. Hynek Lysek C.Sc.

PMID- 396208
TI  - Significant anniversary of Czechoslovak parasitology - Academician J. Hovorka is
      65.

PMID- 396210
TI  - 50th birthday of Associate Professor Dr. Jaroslav Bejsovec, C.Sc.

PMID- 396209
TI  - Investigation on the transfer of fleas among small mammals using radioactive
      phosphorus.
AB  - The transfer of fleas Megabothris turbidus, Ctenophthalmus agyrtes, Nosopsyllus
      fasciatus etc. was investigated by labelling the bank vole (Clethrionomys
      glareolus Schreb.) with radioactive phosphorus. On the one hand, the process of
      flea transfer was traced among different individuals of the same host species,
      and on the other, among different host species (C. glareolus, Apodemus
      flavicollis Melch.). The investigations revealed that the flea transfer in a
      rodent nest visited by another host depended partly on the number of fleas
      present in the nest, partly on the period spent by the new-comer in it.
      Conversely, the number of fleas transferred in the nest by the newly arrived host
      depended on the temperature of nest bedding and on the initial nest occupation by
      other host.

PMID- 396211
TI  - A topical guide to 'Folia Primatologica' Volumes 1-30 (1963-1978).

PMID- 396212
TI  - Insect pheromones: a critical review of recent advances in their chemistry,
      biology, and application.

PMID- 396213
TI  - Dehydroamino acids, alpha-hydroxy-alpha-amino acids and alpha-mercapto-alpha
      amino acids.

PMID- 396214
TI  - [Current aspects of rheumatoid arthritis].
AB  - According to recent investigations two factors might play an essential role in
      the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.). Besides genetic components, i.e.
      the HLA-system and familial aggregation, the immune processes, mediating tissue
      inflammation and injury, are acknowledged as having established roles in the
      pathogenesis of R.A. The present report reemphasizes recent data concerning the
      autoimmunity and the immunologic network with trends of therapy in R.A. In view
      of the effectiveness of new nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, a double-blind
      study of suxibuzon vs. indomethacin in 30 patients with active R.A. is described
      in detail. Both drugs were active and similar in their efficacy at 4 weeks as
      judged by clinical and laboratory measurements. No serious toxic side-effects
      were observed in both treatment regimens.

PMID- 396215
TI  - [Anatomical structures, physiology and pathophysiology of cerebrospinal fluid
      metabolism; a review for an understanding of cerebrospinal fluid findings].
AB  - The very different macroscopic and microscopic details of the structures involved
      in production and reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid in the different parts of
      the central nervous system are causing confusing laboratory findings in
      cerebrospinal fluids, the ingredients of which change even under normal condition
      in these different parts. Moreover the chemical ingredients of cerebrospinal
      fluid differ especially from the normal situation during some diseases of the
      central nervous system. Although we can be sure that there is much more
      diagnostic information in cerebrospinal fluid, we mainly prefer certain standard
      methods today, as there are cell counts and measuring of the protein
      concentration, as diagnostic parameters. Their unspecific changes during several
      pathologic states do not yet allow to point out the exact localization of the
      disease, nor can they contribute in every case in finding the cause of the
      disease. Therefore other and more specific diagnostic laboratory methods are to
      be developed, which will make possible more precise statements about the nature
      and the localization of central nervous system diseases.

PMID- 396216
TI  - [Effect on carbohydrate metabolism of a new saluretic, etozolin].
AB  - The influence of Etozolin (Elkapin) on the carbohydrate metabolism was studied in
      10 healthy volunteers, 6 patients with chemical diabetes and 10 with overt
      diabetes by blood glucose measurements and oral glucose tolerance tests with
      determinations of serum insulin levels. The healthy volunteers received 800 mg
      Etozolin per day during the treatment period of 3 days, the two groups of
      patients 400 mg Etozolin for 8 days. The laboratory parameters of the treatment
      period were compared with the corresponding values of the pre- and posttreatment
      periods and evaluated statistically. There was no statistically significant
      difference in the carbohydrate metabolism between the 3 test periods in all
      groups studied. As a result of the induced diuresis body weight, serum
      electrolytes and urine volume changed significantly during the Etozolin treatment
      as compared with the pre- and posttreatment values. Other changes of laboratory
      parameters could not be seen. In diabetic hypertensive patients a significant
      reduction of blood pressure was observed.

PMID- 396217
TI  - HCFA staff offices: regional offices.

PMID- 396218
TI  - Magnetocardiography: an overview.

PMID- 396219
TI  - Mitochondriogenesis in synchronous cultures of yeast: Part III-Merits of the
      system.

PMID- 396220
TI  - Leukaemia associated cell mediated immunity in household and hospital contents of
      chronic myeloid leukemia patients.

PMID- 396221
TI  - Hospice care.

PMID- 396222
TI  - [Mechanisms of virus-induced and "allergic" demyelinations and their importance
      for the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. 2. The hosts reaction to virus
      induced changes in the CNS].

PMID- 396223
TI  - A simple immunolatex procedure for light and fluorescence microscopy.

PMID- 396224
TI  - Establishment of a human lymphoblastoid cell line with specific antibody
      production against group A streptococcal carbohydrate.
AB  - A human lymphoblastoid cell line, secreting specific antibody against Group A
      carbohydrate (A-CHO) was established by pre-selection of antigen binding normal
      human lymphocytes, followed by Epsetin Barr virus (EBV) induced immortalization.
      Culture supernatants were assayed for anti A-CHO antibodies by radioimmunoassay,
      N-acetyl-glucosamine-coupled T4-phage plaque inhibition tests and passive
      hemagglutination. As a rule, the supernatants contained about 10 micrograms/ml
      anti-A-CHO antibodies of the IgM-kappa type. The antibody was fractionated and
      partially purified on an N-acetyl glucosamine Sepharose 4B column with a recovery
      of about 3 micrograms/ml of supernatant.

PMID- 396225
TI  - Isolation of type-specific antibody to streptococcus pyogenes by affinity
      chromatography.
AB  - Rabbit type-specific opsonic antibodies to type 1 and type 12 streptococci were
      isolated by affinity chromatography on immobilized phage-enzyme extract. They
      were tested by precipitation in gel, bactericidal test and radioimmunoassay. Only
      type-specific activities were demonstrated. These activities were distributed
      homogeneously according to avidity. No suggestion of opsonizing and precipitating
      activities being separable from each other was found. These highly purified
      rabbit antibodies were marked by radioiodination and used to titrate human anti-M
      antibodies by competition. These marked antibodies were also used for the study
      of type-specific antigenic determinants on streptococcal antigens.

PMID- 396226
TI  - Interaction of wheat-germ agglutinin with streptococci and streptococcal cell
      wall polymers.
AB  - Wheat-germ agglutinin agglutinates all strains of group A and group C
      streptococci, a part of the strains tested of groups B and E and some strains of
      other streptococcal groups. It also agglutinates peptidoglycan of several
      streptococcal groups and precipitates some group-specific carbohydrates of
      streptococcal cell walls as well as some teichoic acid extracts. The basis for
      agglutination and precipitation of streptococci and streptococcal cell wall
      polymers appears to be the interaction of the combining sites of the agglutinin
      with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues present in the cell wall polymers, either in
      terminal or in internal positions respectively.

PMID- 396227
TI  - [Malaria hypothesis--the significance of the hereditary red cell traits Hb S and
      glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in malaria (author's transl)].
AB  - The high frequencies of the Hb S and G6PD-deficiency genes in the tropics are
      explained by their relative resistance against malarial infection. They may
      confer advantage through lower infection rates or through lower parasitaemia.
      There is evidence that heterozygote carriers of these genes are partially
      protected. The mechanism of resistance is known for Hb S but not completely
      understood for the G6PD-deficiency gene. Other red cell factors are discussed
      with respect to innate resistance against malaria.

PMID- 396228
TI  - [Conditions influencing the activity of fosfomycin in vitro (author's transl)].
AB  - The determination of the antibacterial activity of fosfomycin in vitro is most
      suitably carried out in serial dilution tests on Mueller-Hinton agar. In this,
      the reproducibility of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) is the best
      and is the least dependent on the size of the inoculum. In addition, there is no
      "skip-tube" effect with this method of determination. The reproducibility of the
      MIC values increases for several bacterial species on addition of glucose-6
      phosphate and at the same time the inhibitory values are lower. If human urine is
      used as the nutrient medium, the inhibitory values of fosfomycin increase for
      many species. The action of the antibiotic is not reduced on addition of human
      blood to the Mueller-Hinton agar.

PMID- 396229
TI  - [Bacteremia associated with subfebril urinary tract infections (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Blood samples of 115 patients of both sexes admitted to the hospital with urinary
      tract infections were examined for bacteremia. Out of 115 patients 12 (10%) had
      positive blood cultures associated with significant urinary counts (greater than
      or equal to 10(5) organisms/ml). Although 10% of the patients showed positive
      blood cultures indicating bacteremia none of them had shaking chills, fever or
      any other clinical signs of septicaemia. None of the patients from whom blood
      samples were taken had yet received antimicrobial therapy. Bacterial isolates
      from urine and blood were identical. Microorganisms most frequently isolated were
      found in the following order: E. coli, Proteus species, K. pneumoniae and
      coagulase negative staphylococci. Neoplasms, obstruction of the urinary tract and
      age were found to be high risk factors.

PMID- 396230
TI  - [Diagnosis of trichinellosis and special aspects of a modified immunofluorescence
      test (author's transl)].
AB  - Trichinella spiralis was detected in 1835 by Paget, an English student. Since the
      introduction of the meat investigation law for trichinosis in 1937 the infection
      with this parasites became a rare condition. The last endemies in Germany
      occurred in 1967 and 1977. They restimulated the discussion regarding the
      efficiency and sensitivity of the routinely used methods for the detection of Tr.
      spiralis. 69 patients, suffering from infection with Tr. spiralis were
      investigated using a modified IFT. This method was compared with other
      serological techniques for the determination of Tr. spiralis and was found very
      sensitive and specific. Further immunological investigations showed an increased
      lymphocyte stimulation with Trich. antigen in most patients suffering from
      trichinellosis. When added autologous serum however the proliferation of
      lymphocytes was inhibited. The reason for this phenomenon might be a factor with
      immunosuppressive property produced by the adult worms.

PMID- 396231
TI  - Shanta S. Rao (1923 to 1979).

PMID- 396232
TI  - Dr. N.G.S. Raghavan.

PMID- 396233
TI  - Antibiotic resistance and transfer factor (R+) in E. coli isolated from raw
      sewage.

PMID- 396234
TI  - Immunological response in Indian kala-azar.

PMID- 396235
TI  - Antibiotic resistance pattern of enteropathogenic E. coli isolated from
      diarrhoeal disease in children in Delhi.

PMID- 396236
TI  - Septicaemic manifestations of shigellosis.

PMID- 396237
TI  - Effect of gum guggulu on fibrinolysis and platelet adhesiveness in coronary heart
      disease.

PMID- 396238
TI  - Serial renin-angiotensin studies in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto
      normotensive rats. Transition from normal- to high-renin status during the
      established phase of spontaneous hypertension.
AB  - To characterize the renin-angiotensin system in the Aoki-Okamoto spontaneously
      hypertensive rat (SHR) more fully, serial measurements of plasma renin activity
      (PRA), plasma renin concentration (PRC), renin reactivity (as relative index of
      circulating modifiers of the renin reaction) and renin substrate concentration
      were made in 6- to 64-week-old SHR and in age-matched Wistar-Kyoto normotensive
      rats (WKY). In the evolving phase of SHR hypertension (6 and 13 weeks of age),
      PRA was comparable to WKY control values, whereas mature SHR with established
      hypertension developed, between 13 and 35 weeks of age, a high-PRA state
      persisting through 64 weeks of age. In 64-week-old SHR, increased plasma volume
      (3.54 +/- 0.91 in SHR vs. 3.18 +/- 0.90 ml/100 g body weight in WKY, p less than
      0.025), together with increased PRA (24.9 +/- 3.8 in SHR vs. 13.1 2.2 ng AI/ml
      plasma/hr in WKY, p less than 0.025), suggest that volume decrease cannot explain
      increased PRA. In 42-week-old SHR, PRA was incompletely suppressed by
      deoxycorticosterone acetate plus 1% saline orally for 4 days: 4.9 +/- 1.2 in SHR
      vs. 0.6 +/- 0.8 ng angiotensin I/ml plasma/hr in WKY, p less than 0.001. Modestly
      increased renin reactivity of plasma was observed in SHR at all ages studied,
      supporting the ubiquity of increased circulating accelerators (or decreased
      inhibitors) of the renin reaction in hypertensive states. However, elevated renin
      reactivity did not account for the transition from normal to high PRA observed in
      mature SHR, nor did renin substrate concentration, which was consistently lower
      in SHR than in age-matched WKY. Temporal patterns of, and strain differences in
      PRA were closely paralleled by variations in PRC but not by other reaction
      components. Significant elevation of serum creatinine in old SHR support the
      presence of renal injury. We conclude that PRA and PRC are normal in evolving SHR
      hypertension and progress to abnormally elevated levels after hypertension is
      established. We postulate that "high-renin" hypertension may develop as a
      consequence of the hypertensive state per se, perhaps due to nephrosclerotic
      vascular disease.

PMID- 396239
TI  - Plasma renin activity, reactivity, concentration and substrate following
      hypertension during pregnancy. Effect of oral contraceptive agents.
AB  - Plasma renin activity is suppressed in approximately 25% of patients with
      essential hypertension, and the rate of in vitro angiotensin I production after
      addition of exogenous renin (renin reactivity) is increased in plasma of
      hypertensive patients. We have recently observed that blood pressure (116 +/-
      1.5/68 +/- 1.7 mm Hg) of young women who had hypertension during a first
      pregnancy 3--6 years earlier (n = 63) was higher (p less than 0.005) than blood
      pressure (109 +/- 1.4/61 +/- 1.7 mm Hg) of women who remained normotensive during
      pregnancy (n = 52). To determine if alterations of the renin-angiotensin axis
      observed in patients with established hypertension also occur in young adults
      with relatively high blood pressure, plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma renin
      concentration (PRC), plasma renin substrate (PRS) and plasma renin reactivity
      (PRR) were compared in these two groups of subjects. Overall, PRA and PRC were
      inversely related to systolic blood pressure (p less than 0.02). Excluding women
      on oral contraceptive agents, the PRA response to standardized treadmill exercise
      was suppressed (less than 1.0 ng/ml/hr) in 19% of women with a history of
      hypertension during pregnancy and in no women who remained normotensive
      throughout a previous pregnancy; PRR did not differ (p greater than 0.8) in the
      two groups of young mothers (27.1 ng/ml/30 min +/- 1.2 SE VS 26.2 ng/ml/30 min +/
      0.9 SE). Thus, renin suppression, but not increased PRR, precedes the onset of
      hypertension. Oral contraceptive usage was associated with higher systolic blood
      pressures, increased PRS, and low PRC. Highest blood pressures and lowest PRA
      occurred in women with a history of hypertension during pregnancy who were taking
      oral contraceptive agents at the time of study.

PMID- 396240
TI  - Glomerular and renal hemodynamics during converting enzyme inhibition (SQ20,881)
      in the dog.
AB  - It has been suggested that intrarenal levels of angiotensin II may preferentially
      control efferent arteriolar resistance or may influence the glomerular filtration
      coefficient (Kf). To examine these possibilities, micropuncture and clearance
      experiments were performed on nine anesthetized dogs evaluating renal and
      glomerular hemodynamics before and during the administration of an angiotensin
      converting enzyme inhibitor (SQ20,881). During the micropuncture measurements,
      renal arterial pressure was reduced to range of 85 to 90 mm Hg in order to
      maximize renin secretion and intrarenal formation of angiotensin II. Also, this
      procedure minimizes potential errors in the determination of single nephron
      glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) and of glomerular pressure when estimated by
      techniques that require complete blockade of proximal tubule fluid flow. During
      the administration of SQ20,881, a converting enzyme inhibitor (CEI), renal blood
      flow increased significantly by 13%, but GFR was not altered. There were no
      significant alterations in SNGFR, proximal tubule pressure, peritubular capillary
      pressure or estimated glomerular pressure. By using the micropressure
      measurements in combination with the whole kidney hemodynamic data, it was
      estimated that afferent resistance was reduced 23%. Although significant
      decreases in efferent resistance could not be documented, there was a tendency
      for this variable to decrease also. Neither Kf nor effective filtration pressure
      were altered significantly by CEI. These results do not support the contention
      that intrarenal effects of angiotensin II are exerted predominantly on the
      efferent arteriolar resistance segments; rather, they suggest that angiotensin
      may exert a modest tonic effect on both pre- and postglomerular resistance
      elements in the anesthetized hydropenic dog.

PMID- 396241
TI  - Tigerstedt and the discovery of renin. An historical note.

PMID- 396242
TI  - Factors controlling plasma renin and aldosterone during pregnancy.
AB  - The response of plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone (PA) to change
      in sodium intake was evaluated in pregnant women during the third trimester.
      After 7 days on a 10 mEq sodium diet, PRA rose from 20.6 +/- 6.2 to 59.6 +/- 11.6
      ng/ml/hr and PA from 47 +/- 11 to 127 +/- 27 ng% in pregnant women compared to
      PRA from 5 +/- 1.2 to 18.9 +/- 5.2 ng/ml/hr and PA from 7.7 +/- 1 to 42 +/- 3 ng%
      in nonpregnant controls. Pregnant women conserved sodium normally with urinary
      sodium excretion and weight loss similar to nonpregnant women. After 6 days on a
      300 mEq sodium intake, PRA and PA in pregnant women were significantly higher,
      10.2 +/- 1.4 ng/ml/hr and 22 +/- 3 ng%, respectively, compared to 1.5 +/- 0.3
      ng/ml/hr and 7.3 +/- 1 ng% in controls. On both low- and high sodium intake there
      was a positive correlation between PRA and PA in pregnant women. Plasma
      prostaglandin E (PGE) was 0.45 +/- 0.06 ng/ml in pregnant women compared to 0.1
      +/- 0.01 ng/ml in control women (p less than 0.01) and urinary PGE excretion was
      2780 +/- 357 ng/24 hr in 28 pregnant women compared to 1191 +/- 142 ng/24 hrs (p
      less than 0.01) in 14 nonpregnant controls. These findings indicate that although
      renin and aldosterone secretion respond to change in sodium intake in pregnancy,
      the cause of the increased renin secretion of pregnancy may be secondary to the
      increase that occurs in prostaglandin synthesis.

PMID- 396243
TI  - Some theories of hypertension: fact and fancy.
AB  - 1. Various theories on the origin and development of hypertension offered over
      the years have been assessed critically. 2. It is concluded that no one theory is
      adequate at the present time to encompass all the known facts. 3. Continuously
      expanded understanding of hypertensive mechanisms, however, help in the
      individualization and therefore the improvement of various modalities of therapy,
      including treatment with presently available agents, as well as with those which
      may be developed in the future.

PMID- 396244
TI  - The Goldblatt memorial lecture. Part I: Experimental renovascular hyptertension.

PMID- 396245
TI  - The Goldblatt memorial lecture. Part II: the role of the kidney in hypertension.

PMID- 396246
TI  - The effect of SQ14,225 on systolic blood pressure and urinary excretion of
      vasopressin in the developing spontaneously hypertensive rat.

PMID- 396247
TI  - Responses to volume expansion and contraction in categorized hypertensive and
      normotensive man.

PMID- 396248
TI  - Changes in renal vascular sensitivity and arterial pressure associated with
      sodium intake during long-term intrarenal norepinephrine infusion in dogs.
AB  - Experiments were performed on conscious uninephrectomized dogs to determine the
      comparative effects of chronic intrarenal and intravenous norephrine (NE)
      infusion (0.27 microgram/kg/min) on the steady-state values for arterial
      pressure, plasma renin activity (PRA), and renal function at four levels of
      sodium intake (5, 40, 120 and 240 mEq/day). Arterial pressure was monitored
      continuously 24 hr/day with on-line computer techniques. Glomerular filtration
      rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), and plasma renin activity (PRA)
      were determined after sodium and water balance was achieved. During intrarenal NE
      infusion, ERPF and GFR decreased progressively from 15% to 30% and from 24% to
      46% respectively, while renal vascular resistance increased progressively from
      40% to 140% as sodium intake was increased from 10 to 240 mEq/day. Both ERPF and
      renal resistance, but not GFR, returned to control levels during intravenous NE
      infusion at each level of sodium intake and after terminating NE infusion. During
      intrarenal NE infusion the steady-state value for mean arterial pressure
      increased from a control of 105 to 118 mm Hg when the sodium intake was 10
      mEq/day. Pressure then increased progressively from 118 to 135 mm Hg as the
      sodium intake was elevated from 10 to 240 mEq/day. Increases in arterial pressure
      associated with intravenous NE infusion were significantly smaller at each sodium
      level than those achieved with intrarenal NE infusion. At each level of sodium
      intake, PRA was elevated during intrarenal NE infusion and returned to control
      after NE infusion. Intravenous NE infusion did not increase PRA above control
      levels. The data are compatible with the concept that enhanced renal adrenergic
      activity could initiate and sustain hypertension chronically by basic alterations
      in renal function.

PMID- 396250
TI  - Nomenclature of the renin-angiotensin system. Report of the nomenclature
      Committee of the International Society of Hypertension.

PMID- 396251
TI  - Bacteriological mycological and parasitological study in childhood diarrhoeas in
      Bikaner (Western Rajasthan).

PMID- 396249
TI  - Genetic influences on renin, aldosterone, and the renal excretion of sodium and
      potassium following volume expansion and contraction in normal man.
AB  - To investigate the influence of hereditary on plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma
      aldosterone concentrations (PAC), blood pressure, and the renal excretion of
      sodium and potassium following volume expansion and contraction in normal man, we
      studied 37 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) and 18 pairs of dizygotic (DZ) twins. Volume
      expansion was achieved by the intravenous infusion of 2L normal saline; volume
      contraction was accomplished by a low-sodium diet and 120 mg oral furosemide. The
      presence of genetic variance was tested by calculating the within pair and among
      component estimates of genetic variance. Outpatient 24-hour-urine collections
      suggested that MZ and DZ twins ingested diets similar in sodium and potassium
      content, and failed to reveal genetic influences on the dietary preferences for
      these electrolytes. The PRA values suggested heritable influences during both the
      volume expanded and contracted state with the added stimulus of upright posture.
      Heritable influences were observed on PAC and were most apparent in the basal
      state on the day of volume expansion. An influence of heredity on blood pressure
      was most apparent during volume contraction. Urinary sodium excretion (UNaV),
      urinary potassium excretion (UKV), fractional excretion of sodium (FENa), and
      fractional excretion of potassium (FEK) revealed evidence of significant genetic
      variance under the condition of volume expansion. in that state, systolic blood
      pressure was directly correlated with PRA, PAC, and inversely with FENa. The data
      suggest that the renal regulation of sodium and potassium excretion is in part
      influenced by heritable factors that may in turn contribute to the development of
      hypertension in some individuals.

PMID- 396252
TI  - Repair of the tendon by modified Bunnell-Mayer technique in buffalo calves.

PMID- 396253
TI  - [Therapeutic problems after massive blood transfusions].
AB  - The term of massive blood transfusion is still today not clearly defined. Through
      the introduction of microfilters, however, the clinical problems were decisively
      reduced. Nevertheless, a persistent shock may also today lead to acute
      respiratory disease. Further difficulties present the buffering, the slow
      activation of erythrocyte function in stored blood, the sufficient fluid and
      electrolyte substitution as well as the observation of renal function and
      coagulation disturbance. The problems of rewarming the patient and warming the
      stored blood before transfusion are discussed. Special regard must be paid to
      early and long enough ventilation during and after massive blood transfusion.

PMID- 396254
TI  - Hypnosis in group therapy.

PMID- 396255
TI  - Variables of hypnosis which are related to success in a smoking withdrawal
      program.

PMID- 396256
TI  - Transcendental meditation and heterohypnosis as altered states of consciousness.

PMID- 396257
TI  - Journal articles on rehabilitation research.

PMID- 396258
TI  - Selected book publications on rehabilitation and related fields.

PMID- 396259
TI  - Contribution of the International Journal of Social Psychiatry.

PMID- 396260
TI  - Bierer and social psychiatry.

PMID- 396261
TI  - [Introduction to the theme: Extracranial vascular occlusions].

PMID- 396262
TI  - [Experimental studies on occlusive diseases of extracranial blood vessels].

PMID- 396263
TI  - [Epidemiology, symptomatology and therapeutic possibilities in extracranial
      stenoses and occlusions of cerebral arteries].

PMID- 396264
TI  - [Atraumatic diagnosis of extracranial vascular stenoses and occlusions].

PMID- 396265
TI  - [Therapy with anticoagulants and platelet aggregation inhibitors in extracranial
      vascular stenoses and occlusions].

PMID- 396266
TI  - [Surgical treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency].

PMID- 396267
TI  - [Cerebral microsurgical bypass anastomoses in extra and intracranial vascular
      occlusions].

PMID- 396269
TI  - Organophosphorus poisoning--a case report.

PMID- 396270
TI  - The purpose of Isis.

PMID- 396268
TI  - Hypophosphatasia: a case report and literature review.

PMID- 396271
TI  - De Juvamentis Membrorum and the reception of Galenic physiological anatomy.

PMID- 396272
TI  - The Harvey Society of New York.

PMID- 396273
TI  - Familial hypercholesterolemia: model for genetic receptor disease.

PMID- 396274
TI  - Cellular insights into behavior and learning.

PMID- 396275
TI  - Bacteriophage T4 assembly and the morphogenesis of subcellular structure.

PMID- 396276
TI  - Molecular epidemiology--influenza as archetype.

PMID- 396277
TI  - Humors and hormones.

PMID- 396279
TI  - Medicine in social development.

PMID- 396278
TI  - Biologic implications of the structural and functional characteristics of the
      chemical mediators of immediate-type hypersensitivity.

PMID- 396280
TI  - Evolution of an antibiotic screening programme. A tribute to Justo Martinez Mata.

PMID- 396281
TI  - Choosing the right equipment for fermentation development.

PMID- 396282
TI  - A comparative study of canine and human breast cancer.
AB  - The incidence of mammary tumours in the bitch is probably three times as great as
      in women. While many of these tumours are mixed mammary tumours about one-third
      are carcinomas which resemble human breast carcinomas. Allowing for differences
      in life span, the age at onset is similar in both species. The World Health
      Organization classification of tumours and dysplasias of the canine mammary gland
      follows as far as possible the WHO classification for human breast tumours.
      Clinical staging of canine mammary tumours has now been completed. Some
      prognostic factors are similar in both species but regional lymph node metastasis
      does not seem to be of major importance in the bitch; mitotic activity may also
      not be as important as in women. Metastatic spread is broadly similar in both
      species except that involvement of the liver and skeleton is not as common in the
      bitch as in women. In older normal Beagles hyperplastic and neoplastic nodules
      commonly appear in the mammary gland, and they occur earlier in animals receiving
      large doses of progestogens. This has produced problems for the drug industry
      when conducting long-term carcinogenicity tests on progestogens present in the
      human contraceptive pill. Despite considerable endocrinological differences
      between the two species, oophorectomy is sparing for breast cancer in both. As in
      women, oestrogen and progesterone receptors have been detected in mammary
      carcinomas in bitches. Canine tumours can be grown in tissue culture but cloned
      cell lines have not yet been obtained. Transplantation can be made into nude mice
      and immunosuppressed neonatal dogs. The prognosis following mastectomy for
      invasive tubular adenocarcinoma and invasive solid carcinoma in the bitch is poor
      and these histological types make the best models for breast cancer in women.
      International trials are planned using chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy
      following mastectomy and, as results can be obtained within 3 years of
      commencement, it is expected that canine mammary tumours will play an
      increasingly important role in research which may lead to improved methods of
      treatment in human breast cancer.

PMID- 396283
TI  - Acute phase reactant proteins as aids to monitoring disease.
AB  - The plasma acute phase reactant proteins are a group consisting mainly of
      glycosialated proteins, whose levels rise in response to a wide variety of
      injuries. This review discusses how by considering several APRPs coincidentally
      the pattern of change can have a discriminant function which can be used alone or
      to enhance other biochemical tests, especially in the monitoring of disease.

PMID- 396285
TI  - [Motion sickness (author's transl)].
AB  - A short introduction to motion sickness is followed by a historical survey of the
      various theories, with special reference to those concerning the inner ear. The
      symptomatology and the consequences of the disease are discussed. Prevention and
      therapy are considered.

PMID- 396284
TI  - The role of radiosensitizing drugs in the management of cancer.
AB  - This paper discusses the role of radiosensitizers not only as adjuncts in the
      radiotherapy of local neoplastic disease but also in the potential management of
      metastases by virtue of their direct cytotoxic effects upon hypoxic cells.

PMID- 396286
TI  - [Bullous dermatoses in otorhinolaryngology (author's transl)].
AB  - The early clinical and histological diagnosis of acquired bullous dermatoses
      (pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid and the cicatricical pemphigoid of mucous
      membranes) may prove to be difficult when the disease is confined to the upper
      air and food passages. Histological differentiation between these diseases can
      also be difficult. In a number of cases it could be shown that the first signs of
      the disease were frequently mistaken for inflammatory conditions and that routine
      histological examination rarely confirmed the diagnosis. Only after
      immunohistological and immunoserological examination could the diagnosis be
      confirmed. In pemphigus, the treatment can be individually adapted to the titre
      of antibodies. The typical otorhinolaryngological findings in each of the three
      diseases are described.

PMID- 396288
TI  - In Memoriam - John Joseph Pritchard.

PMID- 396289
TI  - Early intermediates in the biosynthesis of ansamycins. II. Isolation and
      identification of proansamycin B-M1 and protorifamycin i-M1.
AB  - Proansamycin B-M1 and protorifamycin I-M1 were isolated as minor compounds from
      fermentations of the protorifamycin I producing strain Nocardia mediterranei F
      1/24, identified by means of chemical and spectroscopic methods and shown to be
      degradation products of the hypothetical proansamycin B postulated in part I of
      this series of papers and of protorifamycin I, respectively.

PMID- 396290
TI  - Binding of tobramycin to Escherichia coli ribosomes: characteristics and
      equilibrium of the reaction.
AB  - A sample of [3H] tobramycin (5,000 Ci/Mole) has been synthetized and incubated
      with the bacterial ribosome and its subunits. The results obtained show that this
      antibiotic has two types of binding sites. The primary one is probably
      responsible for the inhibition of protein synthesis whereas the secondary one is
      probably related to the misreading and reading through of the messenger RNA.

PMID- 396287
TI  - A stereological study of the trophic effects of the renin-angiotensin system on
      the rat adrenal zona glomerulosa.
AB  - Left renal artery stenosis increased and timolol maleate chronic administration
      decreased systolic blood pressure, plasma renin activity, and plasma aldosterone
      concentration, in adult male rats. In the hypertensive animals the volume of the
      zona glomerulosa, the volume and number of zona glomerulosa cells, as well as the
      volume of the mitochondrial compartment and the surface area of SER and
      mitochondrial cristae, were significantly increased. The volume of the lipid
      compartment was reduced, and several clumps of electron-dense granules appeared
      at the juxta-sinusoidal pole of the cells. Opposite results were found in the
      zona glomerulosa of the hypotensive rats, with the exception that the volume of
      the lipid compartment showed no significant change. These findings suggest that
      the renin-angiotensin system is involved in the maintenance and stimulation of
      the growth in the zona glomerulosa. Since in the hypertensive rats the increase
      in the volume density of electron-dense granules fits well with that in the
      intracellular concentration of aldosterone, the working hypothesis is that these
      granules are aldosterone-containing secretory organelles.

PMID- 396291
TI  - Obituary. Professor Robert Burns Woodward.

PMID- 396292
TI  - Comparative bactericidal effect of ceforanide (BL-S 786) and five other
      cephalosporins in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model.
AB  - The bactericidal activity of ceforanide was compared, in an in vitro kinetic
      model, with that of five other cephalosproins: cephalothin, cefazolin,
      cefamandole, cefuroxime, and cefoxitin. Cultures of various pathogens in 95%
      human serum were incubated for 12 hours in the presence of the cephalosporins
      whose concentrations were modified periodically-by addition of a concentrated
      solution of drug or dilution with unmedicated serum-in order to simulate the
      variation of antibiotic concentration in human blood after one-gram intramuscular
      dose. One Gram-positive strain and six Gram-negative strains were used.
      Bactericidal activity was assessed by monitoring changes in the number of colony
      forming units. Tests showed that against Klebsiella pneumoniae, ceforanide was
      the most active of the six cephalosporins. Proteus mirabilis was more susceptible
      to ceforanide and cefuroxime than to the other compounds; Enterobacter cloacae to
      ceforanide, cefuroxime, and cefamandole; Escherichia coli to ceforanide,
      cefuroxime, cefamandole, and cefazolin. The number of viable cells of
      Staphylococcus aureus was reduced below detectable levels by all cephalosporins
      except cefoxitin. On the other hand, Providencia stuartii was virtually
      unaffected by all of the cephalosporins except cefoxitin.

PMID- 396293
TI  - Secretion of insulin by the nonruminant herbivore (pony) pancreas perfused in
      vitro.

PMID- 396294
TI  - A review of the behavioral and physiological responses to elfazepam, a chemical
      feed intake stimulant.

PMID- 396295
TI  - Dissolved oxygen utilization as an indicator of total microbial activity on non
      metallic materials in contact with potable water.

PMID- 396296
TI  - Evaluation of culture media for the isolation of salmonellas from sewage sludge.

PMID- 396297
TI  - A taxonomic study of the Micrococcaceae.

PMID- 396298
TI  - A review: intrinsic bacteria in meat.

PMID- 396300
TI  - Plasma immuno reactive insulin (IRI) and glucose tolerance test (GTT) in adult
      undernutrition, a two year follow up.

PMID- 396299
TI  - Flow microcalorimetric studies of yeast growth: fundamental aspects.

PMID- 396301
TI  - Platelet aggregation abnormalities in angina pectoris. A study before and after
      propranolol therapy.

PMID- 396302
TI  - Insulin stimulation of glucose entry in cultured human fibroblasts.
AB  - The effect of insulin on glucose entry has been studied in monolayer cultures of
      human diploid fibroblastic cells. Influence of insulin on total cell glucose
      incorporation was evaluated using [14C] glucose. Glucose incorporation was
      increased up to two-fold in the presence of insulin. Insulin action occurred
      within 30 minutes and could be observed with insulin concentrations as low as 10(
      10) M (10 microU)ml). The action of insulin was enhanced by preincubation in
      glucose-free medium. After glucose starvation the cells converted glucose
      primarily to glycogen and nucleotides, and the stimulation by insulin was
      observed equally in both fractions. Influence of insulin on the kinetics of
      hexose transport was studied using 2-deoxyglucose and 3-0-methyl glucose. A large
      diffusion component was corrected using rho-chloromercuribenzoic acid or
      phloridzin. Km for facilitated diffusion averaged 1.9 mM for 2-deoxyglucose and
      5.3 mM for 3-O-methyl glucose, and Vmax ranged from 10-24 nmoles/min/mg cell
      protein. Insulin resulted in a 150% increase in Vmax with no significant change
      in Km. The data suggest that human diploid fibroblasts can be a useful system for
      the study of insulin's glucoregulatory action.

PMID- 396303
TI  - [Angiographic exploration of endocrine tumours of the pancreas. Arteriography and
      phlebography (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report their procedure of angiographic localization of endocrine
      tumors of the pancreas: arteriography and subselective pancreatic phlebography
      (by transcutaneous transhepatic route) with intrapancreatic venous hormonal
      assays. This technic is the only one able to localize microscopic secreting
      tumors (under 2mm diameter in 3 cases on 20 examinations). Interpretation of
      hormonal data is discussed.

PMID- 396304
TI  - Repair or regeneration following periodontal therapy?

PMID- 396305
TI  - Plaque growth while chewing sorbitol and xylitol simultaneously with sucrose
      flavored gum.
AB  - In a recent study, sorbitol flavored chewing gum was found neither to increase
      nor decrease the normal rate of plaque formation, whereas high plaque scores were
      obtained with sucrose gum during 4 days of no mechanical tooth cleaning. The aim
      of the present study was to see if chewing sorbitol or xylitol flavored gum
      together with sucrose gum would affect the growth rate of plaque and whether
      chewing of xylitol flavored gum could reduce the amount of already formed plaque.
      Twenty-seven dental students refrained from mechanical oral hygiene measures from
      Monday to Friday morning for 3 weeks. The students were randomly divided into
      three groups. A three time crossed-over double-blind approach was used. During
      each test period one group chewed a combination of one piece sorbitol and one
      piece sucrose flavored gum five times per day, the second group correspondingly
      chewed xylitol and sucrose flavored gum, while the third group served as a no
      hygiene control group. After each test period the students in the control group
      chewed one piece of xylitol gum every 15 minutes for 2.5 hours. The participants
      started out each week with clean teeth and were at the end of each test period
      scored for visible plaque on the facial, mesial and lingual surfaces of their
      teeth. There was somewhat more plaque after 4 days of chewing sucrose-sorbitol
      and sucrose-xylitol gum combinations than after no oral hygiene alone. There was
      no difference between the two test treatments. The 2.5-hour chewing of xylitol
      flavored gum after the no oral hygiene period did not result in a reduction of
      the 4-day-old plaque.

PMID- 396307
TI  - Minor tooth movement using direct-bonded attachments.

PMID- 396306
TI  - [Prosthodontics: the endosteal implant--1976 literature review].

PMID- 396308
TI  - A preliminary report of biochemical and immunological studies on amyloid from
      Lichen amyloidosus.

PMID- 396309
TI  - A study of the buffy coat leucocyte aggregation test.

PMID- 396310
TI  - Clinical significance and correlation of anti-native DNA antibodies and immune
      complex level in systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 396311
TI  - Effects of cytochalasin B on human malignant melanoma cells and squamous cell
      carcinoma cells in vitro.

PMID- 396312
TI  - Treatment of pemphigus with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide.

PMID- 396313
TI  - Traumatic anserine folliculosis.

PMID- 396314
TI  - Ocular dermoid.

PMID- 396315
TI  - Urticaria pigmentosa in two pairs of monozygotic twins.

PMID- 396316
TI  - Systemic effects of topical application of beclomethasone 17,21-dipropionate:
      comparative studies with betamethasone 17-valerate ointment and fluocinonide
      cream.

PMID- 396317
TI  - Exporting professionalism: a case study of medical education.

PMID- 396318
TI  - Immuno-enzymatic assay for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni antigens in serum
      of mice harbouring bisexual or unisexual light worm infections.
AB  - Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) double antibody technique was
      standardized for detecting S. mansoni polysaccharide and protein antigens in
      serum of infected mice. Anti-sera specific for either worm components were
      obtained in sheep and peroxidase conjugates prepared from each serum. The
      immunoenzimatic test for protein could detect as little as 6 micrograms/ml
      antigens, and the test for polysaccharides 3 micrograms/ml. Both bisexual and
      unisexual male worm low infections were produced, and studied for as long as 27
      weeks post-exposure. Worm components were found in serum from both types of
      infections and in progressively higher percentages of animals until the end of
      the 27 weeks observation period. For unisexual male infections this percentage
      reached from about 50% to 60% of mice, and 100% for bisexual infections.
      Significantly higher antigen concentrations in serum were found at 27 weeks for
      bisexual infections, no antigen increase being detected in relation to starting
      egg secretion, which occurred at 5 week infections.

PMID- 396319
TI  - The serodiagnosis of human hydatid disease: 2. Additional studies on selected
      sera using indirect haemagglutination (IHA), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
      (ELISA) and defined antigen substrate spheres (DASS).
AB  - Sixty-one serum samples selected on the basis of reactivity in the complement
      fixation (CF) and latex agglutination (LA) test, were further examined for
      sensitivity and specificity by indirect haemagglutination (IHA), enzyme linked
      immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and defined antigen substrate spheres (DASS). Twenty
      sera from healthy Europeans and 48 samples from patients with either
      schistosomiasis or trichinosis were also tested. Comparable levels of sensitivity
      were found between the CF and LA positive sera and IHA, ELISA and DASS. Of the CF
      positive LA negative group of sera, many were positive by DASS but only a few
      reacted in IHA and ELISA. Some cross reactivity was also observed in the
      schistosomiasis sera tested by IHA and ELISA.

PMID- 396320
TI  - [Transfer and metabolism of nitrate, with special reference to recent problems on
      human body and the oral flora (author's transl)].

PMID- 396321
TI  - [Six cases of partial dentures retained by I-C attachments (author's transl)].

PMID- 396322
TI  - [Statistical analysis of correlation between masticatory performance and factors
      influencing it (author's transl)].

PMID- 396323
TI  - [Fundamental studies on deproteinated bone. I. Effects of deproteinization on
      bone strength (author's transl)].

PMID- 396324
TI  - [Fundamental studies on deproteinated bone. 2. Effects of deproteinization on
      bone minerals (author's transl)].

PMID- 396325
TI  - [Fundamental studies on deproteinated bone. 3. Biological characteristics
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 396326
TI  - [Experimental study on the decrease of retentive force of several attachments
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 396327
TI  - [Studies on the accuracy of elastomeric impression materials. Part 2. Comparison
      of dimensional accuracy of casts made by both single polyether rubber impression
      and the combined reversible and irreversible hydrocolloid impression technique
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 396328
TI  - [Present status of cryosurgery and its problems (author's transl)].

PMID- 396329
TI  - [Studies on the masticatory force and the masticatory muscle activity in the
      natural dentition--the onset and the duration (author's transl)].

PMID- 396330
TI  - [The influence of experimental premature contact on masticatory system (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 396331
TI  - [Studies on the finishing procedures and the abrasion by tooth brush of new
      restorative materials (author's transl)].

PMID- 396332
TI  - [An application of mandibular kinesiograph to bite raising (author's transl)].

PMID- 396333
TI  - Veneering teeth with adhesives: a technique for correcting discolorations and
      other defects.

PMID- 396334
TI  - Enteropathogenic serotypes of Escherichia coli isolated from children.

PMID- 396335
TI  - Opsonic specificity of human antibody to the type III polysaccharide of group B
      Streptococcus.
AB  - The functional significance of vaccine-induced or naturally acquired antibody to
      the capsular polysaccharide of type III group B Streptococcus was determined in
      human sera by means of an opsonophagocytic assay. Sera containing a sufficient
      concentration of type-specific antibody and endogenous serum complement caused a
      significant reduction (greater than 1 log10) in colony-forming units for each of
      22 type III clinical isolates after incubation for 40 min. In contrast, serum
      with a very low concentration of antibody (0.4 micrograms/ml) killed only one
      isolate. Absorption of serum containing vaccine-induced antibody with purified
      native type III polysaccharide decreased opsonophagocytosis by a mean of 1.2
      log10 for 11 selected type III strains. These results indicate a lack of major
      antigenic differences among a wide spectrum of type III strains, since
      bactericidal activity of human serum is uniformly observed in the presence of
      complement and sufficient concentrations of antibody to the type III
      polysaccharide.

PMID- 396336
TI  - Evaluation of a neuraminidase-specific influenza A virus vaccine in children:
      antibody responses and effects on two successive outbreaks of natural infection.
AB  - Three groups of children were immunized with an inactivated Port Chalmers
      (H3ChN2Ch) influenza vaccine (group A), a neuraminidase-specific (Heq1N2Ch)
      influenza vaccine (group B), or a placebo. Immunization induced seroconversion
      for H3Ch and N2Ch-specific antibody in group A and for N2Ch antibody in group B.
      The protective efficacies observed against naturally acquired illness with the
      Port Chalmers strain of influneza A virus were 68.7% and 37.4% in groups A and B,
      respectively, in comparison to the placebo group, and those against illness
      produced by the subsequent outbreak of the Victoria strain were 80.0% and 72.7%.
      These data support the role of neuraminidase-specific immunization in protection
      against influenza. Although the degree of protection after vaccination with the
      Heq1N2Ch vaccine was less than that provided by the biphasic H3ChN2Ch vaccine
      against the Port Chalmers strain, it appeared to be similar in the two vaccine
      study groups against the Victoria strain.

PMID- 396337
TI  - Diagnosis of Salmonella infections: specificity of indirect immunofluorescence
      for rapid identification of Salmonella enteritidis and usefulness of enzyme
      linked immunosorbent assay.
AB  - An indirect immunofluorescence (IFL) method was used for diagnosis of infections
      caused by Salmonella enteritdis during an epidemic. Antiserum prepared against
      the synthetic disaccharide tyvelose 1 leads to alpha 3 D-mannose, representative
      of salmonella O antigen 9, covalently linked to bovine serum albumin, was used.
      Of 43 decal samples examined, 28 were positive for S. enteritidis by culture. IFL
      was applied (1) directly on fecal smears, (2) on enrichment broth cultures after
      incubation for 18-24 hr, and (3) on agar-grown colonies after incubation for 18
      48 hr. The percentage of correctly identified Salmonella and the approximate gain
      of time for IFL as compared with conventional culture were 75% and 72 hr for (1),
      89% and 48 hr for (2), and 100% and 24 hr for (3). Serum samples from 26 of the
      Salmonella-infected patients were examined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent
      assay (ELISA). Twenty-four (92%) of the 26 patients acquired elevated ELISA
      titers of antibody to lipopolysaccharide, representative of Salmonella serogroup
      D.

PMID- 396338
TI  - Single-radial-hemolysis test for the assay of rubella antibody in antenatal,
      vaccinated, and rubella virus-infected patients.
AB  - The single-radial-hemolysis test (SRHT) is a simple, convenient, and sensitive
      method that provides accurate measurement of IgG antibody to rubella virus.
      Lipoprotein inhibitors of rubella hemagglutination do not interfere with the
      SRHT; thus the assay of low levels of antibody is more reliable by SRHT than by
      the rubella hemagglutination-inhibition test (RHIT). The technique for the SRHT
      in a form suitable for large numbers of tests is detailed and compared with that
      of the RHIT, and the reproducibility of the SRHT in routine operation is
      assessed. Results obtained by testing various populations in Western Australia
      are used to show the application of the SRHT in the diagnosis of rubella and in
      the monitoring of rubella vaccination programs.

PMID- 396339
TI  - Identification of species of Candida, Cryptococcus, and Torulopsis by gas-liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - Gas-liquid chromatography was used to identify species of Candida, Cryptococcus,
      and Torulopsis by fatty-acid analysis of the whole-cell hydrolysate. Candida
      albicans characteristically revealed 2-OH C14:0 and C19:0 (chain length:number of
      double bonds); these were absent in other organisms. Candida curvata was
      characterized by a ratio of C16:1 to C16:0 of greater than 1.0. Candida
      guilliermondii contained C10:0, and Candida tropicalis had no C12:0, these
      features were used for their identification. Cryptococcus was characterized by
      the absence of C16:1. Torulopsis was characterized by a C16:1 to C16:0 ratio of
      greater than 10 accompanied by the presence of one unidentified fatty acid. These
      data suggested that certain Candida, Cryptococcus, and Torulopsis (the clinically
      important yeast-like organisms) may be identified by gas-liquid chromatography.

PMID- 396340
TI  - Detection of specific IgG antibody in sera from patients infected with
      Bacteroides fragilis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
AB  - During a period of 13 months, 28 serious infections caused by Bacteroides were
      seen in 27 patients. Sixteen patients yielded Bacteroides fragilis; sera from 13
      (81%) of these 16 had increased levels of IgG specific for B. fragilis
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
      Sera from 20 normal controls did not have increased specific IgG. Sera from 22 of
      23 patients with bacteremia caused by other gram-negative rods also failed to
      yield increased levels of specific antibody (P less than 0.0012). Analysis of
      sera from patients with B. fragilis infections disclosed a significant
      correlation between the levels of specific IgG to B. fragilis LPS measured by
      ELISA and the IgG antibody to the infecting B. fragilis by indirect
      immunofluorescence (r = 0.84, P less than 0.012). Two of the remaining 12
      infections caused by Bacteroides not apparently due to B. fragilis organisms were
      also associated with increased levels of specific IgG to B. fragilis LPS
      antigens. Specific IgG antibody response may be an important adjunct in diagnosis
      of common B. fragilis infections and may allow better management of antimicrobial
      agents.

PMID- 396341
TI  - The effect of some protease substrates and inhibitors on chemotaxis and protease
      activity of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
AB  - Both low- and high-molecular-weight inhibitors of serine proteases were found to
      inhibit chemotaxis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes totally at widely
      varying concentrations. Synthetic low-molecular-weight substrates with trypsin
      like or chymotrypsin-like specificity were also shown to be potent inhibitors of
      chemotaxis. Chemotactic inhibition was reversible except with a titrant for the
      active site of a serine protease. N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethyl ester was found to be
      a suitable substrate for measuring protease activity of polymorphonuclear
      leukocyte. Concentrations of the various protease inhibitors that caused 100%
      chemotactic inhibition caused 80%-100% inhibition of protease activity of
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

PMID- 396342
TI  - [Hydrogen exchange studies of proteins (author's transl)].

PMID- 396344
TI  - [Accuracy of the laminated reversible and irreversible hydrocolloid impression
      technique (author's transl)].

PMID- 396343
TI  - [Recent advance in human blood group P system (author's transl)].

PMID- 396345
TI  - [Movement of the mouth floor and the lingual edge of the lower complete denture].

PMID- 396346
TI  - Reversion to bacillary form of proteus mirabilis spheroplasts induced by
      ampicillin: scanning electron microscopic study.

PMID- 396347
TI  - Intracellular localization of human plasma proteins revealed by peroxidase
      labeled antibody method in human tumors transplanted in nude mice.

PMID- 396348
TI  - Epidemiological studies on Salmonellosis in Egypt.

PMID- 396349
TI  - Mutagenicity of saccharin and ammoidin in Drosophila and bacteria.

PMID- 396350
TI  - A tribute to the French forensic anthropologist Georges Fully (1926-1973).

PMID- 396351
TI  - Surgically correctable "pseudorejection" in renal allograft transplantation
      recipients.

PMID- 396352
TI  - Methionine transport in Salmonella typhimurium: evidence for at least one low
      affinity transport system.
AB  - The systems which transport methionine in Salmonella typhimurium LT2 have been
      studied. Fourteen mutants, isolated by three different selection procedures, had
      similar growth characteristics and defects in the specific transport process
      showing a Km of 0.3 microM for L-methionine, and therefore lack the high
      affinity, metP transport system. The sites of mutation in four of the mutants
      were shown by P1-mediated transduction to be linked (0.3 to 1.1%) with a proline
      marker located at unit 7 on the S. typhimurium chromosome. The high-affinity
      system was subject to both repression and transinhibition by methionine, and it
      may also be regulated by the metJ and metK genes. There appeared to be at least
      two additional transport systems with relatively low affinities for methionine in
      the metP763 mutant strain, with apparent Km values for methionine of 24 microM
      and approximately 1.8 mM. The latter system, with a very low affinity for
      methionine, was inhibited by leucine. In addition, methionine inhibited leucine
      transport, suggesting that one of the low-affinity methionine transport systems
      may actually be a leucine transport system.

PMID- 396353
TI  - Phenotypes of double conidiation mutants of Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - A series of strains, doubly mutant at conidiation loci, have been made. The
      phenotypes of these strains reflected the epistasy of earlier blocking mutants
      over later ones and confirmed the order of gene sequence predicted from the
      phenotypes of single mutants. Oligosporogenous mutants gave complex interactions,
      especially between brl and med mutants. These results indicated that (i) gene
      action overlapped in time, (ii) several parts of the conidial apparatus were
      interchangeable and (iii) nuclei leaving the vesicle were not irreversibly
      programmed. Structures produced by mutants were reminiscent of the conidial
      apparatus of other Aspergillus species and of related genera.

PMID- 396354
TI  - The effect of reducing and other agents on the motility of Treponema pallidum in
      an acellular culture medium.
AB  - The maintenance of Treponema pallidum motility was investigated in an acellular
      medium based on T. pallidum immobilization test medium. The acellular medium
      contained cysteine, glutathione, thioglycollate and dithiothreitol as reducing
      agents and had a redox potential of -275 +/- 25 mV at pH 7.3. In an atomosphere
      containing 3% O2, motile treponemes survived four times longer when calf serum
      and bovine serum albumin were added to the medium. The selective omission of
      glutathione and, particularly, thioglycollate prolonged the survival of motile
      treponemes almost fivefold. In addition, stored medium, in which thioglycollate
      had become inactive, sustained motile treponemes for longer than did freshly
      prepared medium. Thus, thioglycollate is toxic for the organisms. It may be
      omitted from the medium because low redox potentials can be achieved without it.

PMID- 396355
TI  - Evidence that p-fluorophenylalanine has a direct effect on tubulin in Aspergillus
      nidulans.
AB  - Three temperature-sensitive alleles of benA (benA11, 17 and 21) confer resistance
      to growth inhibition by p-fluorophenylalanine (FPA). FPA resistance cosegregates
      with the benA gene. Two back-mutations in benA which cause loss of temperature
      sensitivity cause loss of FPA resistance, and two indirect suppressors of benA
      temperature sensitivity also cause FPA resistance to be lost. These results
      indicate that FPA resistance is an intrinsic property of the benA mutations. The
      intracellular phenylalanine concentrations of these strains are normal as is
      their ability to take up phenylalanine from the medium. We conclude that FPA must
      inhibit growth and cause non-disjunction by a direct effect on the polymerization
      of tubulin.

PMID- 396356
TI  - Recombinant plasmids formed in vivo carrying and expressing two incompatibility
      regions.
AB  - The formation in vivo of recombinants between a plasmid of incompatibility group
      N (R1010-10) and plasmids of groups P (R751) and W (R388) is described. From
      examination of the molecular weights of these recombinant plasmids, they appear
      to be cointegrates. These cointegrates have the incompatibility properties of
      both 'parent' plasmids.

PMID- 396357
TI  - The spread of a pathogenic and an apathogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus
      in the chick embryo as depending on the protease sensitivity of the virus
      glycoproteins.
AB  - The pathogenic strain Italien and the apathogenic strain Ulster of Newcastle
      disease virus have been compared with respect to organ tropism and spread of
      infection in 11-day-old chick embryos. After infection of the endodermal layer of
      the chorioallantoic membrane by intra-allantoic inoculation with strain Italien,
      high virus titres are found in all extra-embryonic membranes and fluids and in
      the embryo itself. Infection results in early death of the embryo. In contrast,
      after infection with strain Ulster by the same route of inoculation, high virus
      titres are found only in the allantoic sac and embryos are not killed.
      Inoculations with strain Italien on to the ectodermal layer through an artificial
      air sac results in rapid spread of infection in the chorioallantoic membrane and
      the embryo dies before the virus invades other tissues including the embryo.
      Under the same conditions of infection, strain Ulster neither spreads within
      chorioallantoic membrane nor does it kill the embryo. Virus spread in each
      germinal layer of the chorioallantoic membrane was analysed by immune
      fluorescence. These studies showed that endoderm as well as mesoderm and ectoderm
      allowed the spread of strain Italien, whereas only the endoderm is permissive for
      strain Ulster. These differences in host range are based upon differential
      activation of the virus glycoproteins by proteolytic cleavage. The glycoproteins
      of strain Italien are cleaved in each germinal layer, whereas those of strain
      Ulster are cleaved only in endoderm. These studies demonstrate that, in the
      system analysed here, spread of infection and organ tropism are important factors
      for pathogenicity and both of these factors are determined by the susceptibility
      of the virus glycoproteins to proteolytic cleavage.

PMID- 396359
TI  - In vitro packaging of exogenous DNA by Salmonella phage P22.
AB  - We describe in vitro conditions for packaging of exogenous DNA of Salmonella
      phage P22 which has terminally redundant, circularly permuted DNA. The method is
      a modification of the Kaiser-Masuda procedure. The most important aspect is to
      prepare all components (proheads, enzymes and concatemeric DNA) in end- cells.
      The influence of several factors such as DNA- and Mg2+ concentration and kinetics
      has been investigated.

PMID- 396358
TI  - Ligands for antibody to M-protein are exposed at the surface of influenza
      virions: effect of proteolytic treatment on their activity.
AB  - Antiserum to pure M-protein extracted from PR8 virions neutralized the
      infectivity and inhibited the haemagglutinating activity of various influenza A
      virions. It agglutinated concentrated suspensions of these virions and fixed
      complement in their presence. Antibodies to M-protein were readily absorbed by
      intact virions or by spikeless particles obtained after proteolytic treatment,
      giving clear evidence that M-protein is exposed at the surface of the virus
      envelope. The data suggest that when antibodies to M-protein occupy specific
      ligands exposed at the surface of the virion they interfere with sites critical
      for infectivity and haemagglutinating activity.

PMID- 396360
TI  - Proteus mirabilis phage 5006M: a physical characterization.
AB  - This report deals with physical characterization of the generalized transducing
      Proteus mirabilis phage 5006M. The morphology of the phage is presented, the
      buoyant density was determined (1.491 g/ml) and the G + C content of the phage
      DNA was found to be 44%. The phage genome has a length of 14.8 micrometers and
      mol. wt. of 30.7 x 10(6). Denaturation mapping revealed non-random circular
      permutation of the phage DNA. The genome exhibits 3.6% terminal redundancy as
      shown by homoduplex analysis. The existence of concatemeric precursors of phage
      5006M DNA is inferred and the results are interpreted in terms of a sequential
      headful packaging mechanism.

PMID- 396361
TI  - Growth phase related loss of measles virus surface-associated antigens and
      cytotoxic susceptibility in persistently infected cells.
AB  - Fluctuations in the expression of measles virus surface-associated antigens in
      persistently infected human Lu 106 cells were analysed by the use of human sera
      which preferentially reacted with the haemolysin or haemagglutinin component. The
      variations observed correlated with the proportion of cells expressing surface
      antigen, as examined in population analysis by indirect immunofluorescence, a
      radio-labelled antiglobulin technique and a cytotoxicity assay. Microfluorometric
      analysis revealed no changes in antigen expression at the single-cell level. The
      number of cells that were positive by immunofluorescence among exponentially
      growing, low density cells remained relatively constant. These cells were more
      susceptible to cytotoxicity mediated by both antisera and complement than cells
      seeded at high density and kept in the stationary phase. The percentage of
      fluorescent cells among the latter cells gradually decreased. Thus cytotoxic
      susceptibility was related to the proportion of the total cell population that
      was antigen-bearing, rather than to variations in the expression of antigen at
      the single-cell level. In mitotic cells, polarization of antigen, as measured by
      indirect immunofluorescence of pre-fixed cells, was frequently seen. Often only
      one of the daughter cells expressed surface antigen. The results imply that cells
      in stationary phase may lose antigen from their surface, possibly by shedding,
      and furthermore that re-expression would demand a new cell cycle.

PMID- 396362
TI  - [Heterozygote detection in phenylketonuria by means of an oral load of
      phenylalanine].
AB  - The testing of heterozygosity for PKU by mean of an oral load of phenylalanine is
      a widely used method. In this paper, the need of a genetic counselling for two
      adults, with family story of PKU, lead us to reinvestigate criteria of
      heterozygote recognition. With all variables of the phenylalanine tolerance test,
      overlapping and mis classification occured. Probability density functions
      plotting, as proposed by GOLD, illustrated well the genetic risk of a patient.
      However, in practice, the heterozygote likelihood ratio determination seemed to
      be the best way to avoid possibly erroneous categoric statement by correcting the
      ratio for the a priori probability of heterozygosity.

PMID- 396363
TI  - [The status of chromosome mapping in man. II. Results and applications].
AB  - In the first part, the authors review the different methods used in gene mapping
      studies. In the second part, human chromosomes map is studied in details. The
      scientific usefulness of the map is summed up and the first applications in the
      field of genetic counselling are mentioned. Finally the forthcoming therapeutic
      applications are being planned at the time.

PMID- 396365
TI  - Genetics of antibiotic production by actinomycetes.

PMID- 396364
TI  - Antibiotics from marine microorganisms with reference to plasmid involvement.

PMID- 396366
TI  - Aggregations of synaptic vesicles on the exposed inner membrane of presynaptic
      mitochondria in brain.
AB  - Fragments of rat cerebral cortex have been incubated under various conditions.
      When divalent cations are present, patches of the external membrane of some
      mitochondria are disassembled leaving the inner mitochondrial membrane exposed to
      the cytoplasm. Sometimes the entire external membrane is missing. In presynaptic
      bulbs the synaptic vesicles are attracted and adhere to the exposed outer face of
      the inner mitochondrial membrane. The mode of attraction and adhesion of the
      vesicles is discussed. Possibly this could serve as a model for further
      investigation of the attraction of vesicles to the active zone of the presynaptic
      membrane.

PMID- 396367
TI  - Demonstration of lactoferrin in tumor tissue from two patients with positive
      gallium scans.
AB  - We have detected lactoferrin in tumor tissue from a patient with Hodgkin's
      disease and a patient with Burkitt's lymphoma. Both patients had radiogallium
      scans demonstrating increased uptake in the tumor tissue subsequently found to
      contain lactoferrin. Tissue assay for lactoferrin was performed by the indirect
      immunofluorescence method. Control splenic tissue showed either slight
      lactoferrin content or none.

PMID- 396368
TI  - The role of radioiodine treatment in childhood hyperthyroidism.

PMID- 396369
TI  - Biochemical and histological studies on thiamine-deficient and ethanol-fed rats.
AB  - Rats were separated into four groups and four different liquid diets were given
      to each group. Group 1: thiamine-sufficient diet with no ethanol, group 2:
      thiamine-sufficient diet with ethanol, group 3: thiamine-deficient diet with no
      ethanol, group 4: thiamine-deficient diet with ethanol. After four weeks, all
      rats were fasted for 24 hr and then ethanol was given orally to every rat. After
      one hour, every rat was sacrificed and biochemical and histological analyses were
      carried out. Transketolase activity in brain and liver decreased in groups 2, 3
      and 4. There was significant decrease in transketolase activity in ethanol-fed
      groups (groups 2 and 4) as compared to control groups (groups 1 and 3). Ethanol
      concentrations in blood, liver and heart of rats in groups 2 and 4 were higher
      than in groups 1 and 3. When comparison was made between the thiamine-deficient
      groups and the corresponding thiamine-sufficient groups, ethanol concentrations
      in liver and heart were higher in the thiamine-deficient groups. Alcohol
      dehydrogenase activity in liver decreased significantly in groups 2 and 4. By
      histological analyses, fatty degeneration was observed in the livers of groups 2
      and 4. The degeneration was more prominent in group 4 than group 2. These
      findings suggest that chronic ethanol administration may impair the ability to
      metabolize ethanol and the impairment may increase when rats are in the condition
      of thiamine deficiency.

PMID- 396370
TI  - Cerebral hypoxia: effects of barbiturates and varying degrees of ischemia on
      neurologic and metabolic function.

PMID- 396371
TI  - In memoriam: Ernest Carroll Faust (1890--1978).

PMID- 396372
TI  - Fluorescent antibody studies on the development of dengue-2 virus in Aedes
      albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae).

PMID- 396373
TI  - An improved method for cleaning and preparing ticks for examination with the
      scanning electron microscope.

PMID- 396374
TI  - Larval competition between Telenomus costalimai (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) and
      Ooencyrtus trinidadensis venatorius (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) after simultaneous
      oviposition in Rhodnius prolixus eggs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae).

PMID- 396375
TI  - Let's not opt out: kidney donation and transplantation.

PMID- 396376
TI  - The trials of Dr Waddill.

PMID- 396377
TI  - We are seventy-five.

PMID- 396378
TI  - East Jersey Olde Towne.

PMID- 396379
TI  - Moshe ben Maimon Ha-Sepharti (Maimonides)

PMID- 396380
TI  - The public stake in health policy.

PMID- 396381
TI  - Regulation of late functions in Salmonella bacteriophages P22 and L studied by
      assaying endolysin synthesis.
AB  - The rate of endolysin synthesis in Salmonella typhimurium cells infected by
      bacteriophage P22 or L was taken as a measure for the activity of 23 gene product
      (the positive regulator for the "late" genes of P22 and L). Endolysin in coded
      for by gene 19. The amber mutations in gene 23 of P22 and L, used in this study,
      reduced the rate of endolysin synthesis by a factor of ca. 90 for P22 and of ca.
      20 for L. In mixed infections with 19- and 23- mutants the 23 gene products of
      P22 and L ACT As positive regulators for the respective gene 19 in cis and in
      trans. Cross-specificity of the 23 gene products, i.e., turning on expression of
      gene 19 on a chromosome of the other species, could not be demonstrated.

PMID- 396382
TI  - Is the injection of DNA enough to cause bacteriophage P22-induced changes in the
      cellular transport process of Salmonella typhimurium?
AB  - It was demonstrated earlier in this laboratory that phage P22 induces a transient
      depression in the cellular transport processes of the host Salmonella typhimurium
      immediately after infection and that an effective injection process is enough to
      cause the depression. By using defective phage particles that contain host DNA
      instead of phage DNA for infection, it has been demonstrated that the injection
      of phage-specific DNA is essential for this. The defective particles adsorbed to
      the host and injected their DNA, but the cellular transport processes of the host
      were not altered. Thus, the injection of host DNA by the phage fails to affect
      the transport process. Insensitivity of the phage DNA-induced depression in
      transport to chloramphenicol rules out the involvement of newly synthesized
      protein in this change and indirectly suggests the possible role of phage DNA
      associated internal proteins of P22.

PMID- 396383
TI  - Pathophysiological studies on hypertension induced in rats by kidney extract and
      salt.
AB  - The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, electrolyte and water balance, body
      fluid, and neurogenic tone and reactivity of the vasculature were studied in
      hypertension induced in uninephrectomized rats by repeated injection of renin
      rich kidney extract and 1% saline drinking. The control rats were injected with
      physiological saline. Various measurements were made in conscious rats on the
      10th day of the treatment. As compared with the control, plasma renin
      concentration and serum sodium increased significantly, while plasma aldosterone
      and renal excretory function did not differ. Blood volume (BV) expressed as per
      body weight increased significantly, but absolute BV, absolute or body weight
      related plasma volume and hematocrit were not significantly different. The
      hypotensive effect of 1-Sar-8-Ile-angiotensin II was negligible 12 hours after
      the preceding injection of kidney extract. It was small but significant 1 hour
      after the injection. Increase in water turn-over and fractional sodium excretion
      occurred during the development of hypertension. Spironolactone did not
      significantly modify the developmental course. We observed increased depressor
      response to hexamethonium and increased reactivities to noradrenaline and
      angiotensin II (A II); these response curves relatively resembled those of
      spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertensive vascular changes were seen in the
      kidney and heart by histology. Thus, it was suggested that a direct vascular
      action of A II played a partial role in this hypertensive process while
      aldosterone played little role. The significance of BV increase and possible
      contribution of A II's other actions were discussed.

PMID- 396384
TI  - Relationship between renin activity and aldosterone release in the patients with
      low cardiac output syndrome after open cardiac surgery.
AB  - Plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration were measured by
      radioimmunoassay technique in seven patients with low cardiac output syndrome
      after open cardiac surgery. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration
      markedly increased, and plasma renin activity was well correlated with plasma
      aldosterone concentration. Plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration,
      however, had no direct correlation with plasma sodium and potassium concentration
      or administered doses of inotropic agent, potassium and diuretic. Sodium and
      potassium balance was closely correlated with plasma aldosterone concentration.
      In the present study, it was suggested that the secondary hyperaldosteronism
      following low cardiac output syndrome after open cardiac surgery was mainly
      induced by the increased release of renin and that it influenced on the balance
      of sodium and potassium metabolism under such disturbed circulatory
      circumstances.

PMID- 396385
TI  - The role of renal prostaglandin E and kallikrein in pathogenesis of essential
      hypertension.

PMID- 396386
TI  - [Cytomorphology of hemopoietic dysplasia--with special reference to electron and
      phase contrast microscopy].

PMID- 396387
TI  - [Revaluation of the two step DCMP chemotherapy for acute leukemias (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 396388
TI  - [The pathophysiology of granuloid precursor cells in patients with chronic
      myelogenous leukemia (author's transl)].

PMID- 396389
TI  - [Neutrophil kinetics in health and disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 396390
TI  - [Photocontact dermatitis due to halogenated phenolic compounds and their related
      substances (author's transl)].

PMID- 396392
TI  - Investigation of the hemolytic site of Asp-hemolysin.

PMID- 396391
TI  - Chemotherapy of falciparum malaria: regional differences in responsiveness to
      treatment.
AB  - A review of chloroquine and sulfa-antifol combination treated falciparum malaria
      patients revealed a high incidence of chloroquine-resistance, wither R1 or R2, in
      patients infected in Southeast Asia or Oceania. In addition, more than one tenth
      of the patients infected in Laos or Thailand were resistant to sulfa-antifol
      combinations. Chloroquine-resistant cases were sensitive to sulfa-antifol
      combinations. On the other hand, while all patients treated in Tokyo who had been
      infected in Africa or Sri Lanka were sensitive to chloroquine, a field study
      suggested the presence of chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum in the area near
      Kaduna, Nigeria. One patient infected in Nigeria showed partial resistance to the
      MP (sulfamonomethoxine-pyrimethamine) combination, and another patient infected
      in the Central African Empire showed resistance to the MP combination, increasing
      from R1 to R3 within a short period. The incidence of resistance to sulfa-antifol
      combination therapy was high in the West African tropical region. The continent,
      county and area of infection should be taken in consideration when selecting
      antimalarial drug(s) for the treatment and suppression of falciparum malaria.

PMID- 396393
TI  - Adsorption of Clostridium botulinum cultures of phage controlling type C
      botulinum toxin production.

PMID- 396394
TI  - Electron microscopic studies of Clostridium botulinum type E.

PMID- 396395
TI  - C2 toxin production by Clostridium botulinum type C strains producing no C1
      toxin.

PMID- 396396
TI  - Pathogenisis of chicken botulism.

PMID- 396397
TI  - Divergency of nicking of the toxin from the proteolytic activity of Clostridium
      botulinum of different types.

PMID- 396398
TI  - Effect of platinum compounds on murine lymphocyte mitogenesis.
AB  - Polyclonal activation of T and B lymphocytes by concanavalin A and
      lipopolysaccharide mitogens, respectively, was used to study the effect of iv
      injection of the following platinum compounds: cis-dichlorodiammine platinum,
      dichloro 1,2 benzenediamine N,N' platinum, cis-dichlorobis(cyclohexylamine)
      platinum, and cis-dichlorobis(cyclopentylamine) platinum, on murine T and B
      splenic lymphocytes. The results indicated that platinum compounds were more
      toxic to T-lymphocyte function than to B-lymphocyte function. These results were
      from both single-dose-time-course analysis and dose-response studies.

PMID- 396399
TI  - Antibacterial and cytotoxic aspects of long-chain fatty acids as cell surface
      events: selected topics.

PMID- 396400
TI  - Laboratory assessment of the molluscicidal activity of B-2, a new chemical
      against Oncomelania nosophora.
AB  - Laboratory trials of sodium 2.5 dichloro-4-bromophenol named B-2 for the
      molluscicidal effect against Oncomelania nasophora were carried out by Komiya's
      immersion technique. The values of LC50 of B-2 varied from 0.38 ppm to 0.54 ppm
      depending on the collection time of the snail. They were almost equal to those of
      NaPCP, but lower than those of Niclosamide. In the tests of toxicity to carp,
      rainbow trout and killifish, B-2 showed lower toxicity than NaPCP. Some aspects
      of mollusciciding application of the chemical were discussed.

PMID- 396401
TI  - [Clinical effects of dipyridamole (Persantin) on nephrotic syndrome--multiclinic
      double blind test (author's transl)].

PMID- 396402
TI  - [Effects of a single dose of captopril on blood pressure and the renin
      angiotensin-aldosterone system in normal subjects and hypertensive patients with
      various etiologies (author's transl)].

PMID- 396403
TI  - [A study on an electron-immunoperoxidase method (author's transl].

PMID- 396404
TI  - [Effect of angiotensin II antagonist to blood pressure, plasma renin activity and
      plasma aldosterone concentration in chronic renal failure (author's transl)].

PMID- 396405
TI  - [Effects of angiotensin II analogue on rabbits with acute and chronic two-kidney,
      one clip hypertension (author's transl)].

PMID- 396406
TI  - [Factors regulating pulmonary blood flow-vasoactive substances (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 396407
TI  - [Role of PG endoperoxides in endotoxin-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction].

PMID- 396408
TI  - [A clinical observation of renal medullary function in renal allotransplantation
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 396409
TI  - [Classification of surgical treatment methods in echinococcosis].

PMID- 396410
TI  - [Use of proteolytic enzymes in the overall treatment of suppurative
      mediastinitis].

PMID- 396411
TI  - [Multiple reticulosarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 396412
TI  - [Problems in obtaining viable donor kidneys for transplantation (review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 396413
TI  - Use of exercise as a relaxation technique.

PMID- 396414
TI  - Injectable anaesthetic agents in the cat: a review.

PMID- 396415
TI  - A bug and a bonfire.

PMID- 396416
TI  - The obstetrical use in ancient and early modern times of Convolvulus scammonia or
      Scammony: another non-fungal source of ergot alkaloids?

PMID- 396417
TI  - Evolution of the identification of the myristicaceous hallucinogens of South
      America.

PMID- 396418
TI  - On concepts of disease among Amerindian tribal groups.

PMID- 396419
TI  - Cecil K. Drinker: pioneer lymphologist.

PMID- 396420
TI  - Lung vascular permeability: inferences from measurements of plasma to lung lymph
      protein transport.
AB  - In chronically instrumented unanesthetized sheep, we measured steady-state
      hemodynamic and lung lymph responses to mechanically increased pressure and to
      intravenous infusions of histamine, Pseudomonas bacteria and E. coli endotoxin.
      Histamine, Pseudomonas bacteria and E. coli endotoxin caused exchanging vessel
      permeability to increase, as evidenced by high flows of protein rich lung lymph.
      This contrasts to the effects of increased pressure where lymph protein
      concentration falls as lymph flow increases. Microvascular sieving of proteins
      less than 100 Angstrom radius persisted in all increased permeability states, but
      with endotoxin, lymph clearance of larger proteins increased much more than with
      histamine or Pseudomonas. We compared several approaches to quantitative
      interpretations of lymph data and found that direct methods for calculating
      permeability-surface area products and reflection coefficients for proteins
      produced values which were difficult to interpret, probably because fundamental
      assumptions of the methods were violated in our experiments. A mathematical model
      based on multiple pore theory produced more plausible coefficients.

PMID- 396421
TI  - Exclusive profile/interview of new Med-Chi President William A. Pillsbury, MD.

PMID- 396422
TI  - [Treatment of cystic craniopharyngioma in children by the stereotaxic method].

PMID- 396423
TI  - [In memoriam Theodor Hunermann].

PMID- 396424
TI  - [Origin of malignant tumors of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts and the
      ear. 3. Malignant tumors caused by irradiation. general part (author's transl)].
AB  - In this part the biophysical and biochemical elements or radiation energy and the
      effects on tissue are discussed: 1. physical problems, 2. the cell nucleus and
      other cell organells as primary object of irradiation, 3. varying stages of tumor
      development caused by irradiation, 4. summation of radiation effects and
      syncarcinogenesis, 5. the stage of latency in relation to radiation-dosis and
      other factors, 6. immune depression caused by irradiation.

PMID- 396425
TI  - [Multiple malignant tumours in patients with laryngeal cancers (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Of 496 patients with laryngeal cancer, 45 developed second primary cancers in
      other organs. In 7 patients triple primary tumours were detected. Multiple
      malignant tumours in the region of the upper respiratory and alimentary tracts
      were frequent; especially noticeable was the combination of larynx- and lung
      tumours. The prognosis of the second cancers is bad, since these tumours are
      diagnosed late and the patients are usually very old. Of patients, who were cured
      of the first cancers, one in five developed a new cancer after the five year
      limit. The follow up examinations must therefore be continued beyond the five
      year limit.

PMID- 396426
TI  - [The earwig (author's transl)].
AB  - It is still a common belief that the earwig likes to penetrate into the external
      auditory canal. This paper is concerned with the question, whether the name of
      the animal is justified and what was written about it in former centuries.

PMID- 396427
TI  - Antibody activity against Mycobacterium leprae antigen 7 in leprosy: studies on
      variation in antibody content throughout the spectrum and on the effect of DDS
      treatment and relapse in BT leprosy.

PMID- 396428
TI  - Lamprene (clofazimine) in leprosy. Basic information.

PMID- 396429
TI  - [A historical review of the protection of the eyesight of school children and
      young people in Croatia (author's transl)].

PMID- 396430
TI  - [The life of Doctor Werner Forssmann (1904--1979) (author's transl)].

PMID- 396431
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Vjekoslav Smolcic (1912-1979)].

PMID- 396432
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Sergije Dogan 1916-1979].

PMID- 396434
TI  - Liability of the anesthesiologist in the hospital environment.

PMID- 396433
TI  - Current concepts. I. Anxiety: the locus coeruleus disconnection.

PMID- 396435
TI  - [James Marion Sims (1813-1883)].

PMID- 396436
TI  - Chemical synthesis and cloning of a tyrosine tRNA gene.

PMID- 396437
TI  - Transformation and preservation of competent bacterial cells by freezing.

PMID- 396438
TI  - A sensitive and rapid method for recombinant phage screening.

PMID- 396439
TI  - Selection of specific clones from colony banks by suppression or complementation
      tests.

PMID- 396440
TI  - Cloning of yeast genes coding for glycolytic enzymes.

PMID- 396441
TI  - Selection of specific clones from colony banks by screening with radioactive
      antibody.

PMID- 396442
TI  - R-looping and structural gene indentification of recombinant DNA.

PMID- 396443
TI  - Induction of UV-resistant DNA replication in Escherichia coli: induced stable DNA
      replication as an SOS function.
AB  - The striking similarity between the treatments that induce SOS functions and
      those that result in stable DNA replication (continuous DNA replication in the
      absence of protein synthesis) prompted us to examine the possibility of stable
      DNA replication being a recA+ lexA+-dependent SOS function. In addition to the
      treatments previously reported, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation or treatment with
      mitomycin C was also found to induce stable DNA replication. The thermal
      treatment of tif-1 strains did not result in detectable levels of stable DNA
      replication, but nalidixic acid readily induced the activity in these strains.
      The induction of stable DNA replication with malidixic acid was severely
      suppressed in tif-1 lexA mutant strains. The inhibitory activity of lexA3 was
      negated by the presence of the spr-51 mutation, an intragenic suppressor of
      lexA3. Induced stable DNA replication was found to be considerably more resistant
      to UV irradiation than normal replication both in a uvrA6 strain and a uvr+
      strain. The UV-resistant replication occurred mostly in the semiconservative
      manner. The possible roles of stable DNA replication in repair of damaged DNA are
      discussed.

PMID- 396444
TI  - A cold-sensitive beta subunit mutant RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli with
      defects in promoter opening in vitro.
AB  - A cold-sensitive mutation in the rpoB gene for the RNA polymerase beta subunit
      increasing the temperature of promoter opening on T2 phage DNA was obtained in
      Escherichia coli. The mutation also affects the stages preceding promoter opening
      by increasing the dissociation rate of RNA polymerase--DNA closed complexes. The
      affinity of RNA polymerase to T2 and lambda DNA is differentially changed by the
      mutation. The relative efficiency of transcription of these two templates is also
      changed. These results suggest a participation of the RNA polymerase beta subunit
      in the interaction with promoters.

PMID- 396445
TI  - ColE1 DNA sequences interacting in cis, essential for mitomycin-C induced
      lethality.
AB  - Protein synthesis and survival of colicinogenic bacteria carrying different ColE1
      deletion and insertion mutants, were followed in presence or absence of the
      inducing agent mitomycin-C. It is concluded that active colicin is not involved
      in the process leading to death of the induced colicinogenic cell. The region of
      ColE1, essential for cell induced lethality, is carried on the DNA between map
      positions 0.74 to 0.27. In this region the DNA sequences carried between 0.74 to
      0.79 and 0.0 to 0.27 are essential, while those located between 0.79 to 0.0 are
      nonessential for commitment to death. A cis interaction of the ColE1 DNA
      sequences in the essential regions is probably necessary for cell induced
      lethality. Some possibilities for such a cis interaction are suggested and
      discussed.

PMID- 396446
TI  - Identification of a mutation affecting an alanine-alpha-ketoisovalerate
      transaminase activity in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A mutation affecting alanine-alpha-ketoisovalerate transaminase activity has been
      shown to be cotransducible with ilv gene cluster. The transaminase deficiency
      results in conditional isoleucine auxotrophy in the presence of alanine.

PMID- 396447
TI  - Specific effects of nalidixic acid on mitochondrial gene expression in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 396448
TI  - Nalidixic acid causes a transient G1 arrest in the yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - The addition of nalidixic acid to growing cells of the yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae resulted in a transient depression in the rate of ribosomal precursor
      RNA production and a transient arrest of cells in G1. Protein synthesis rates
      were less affected. Lower concentrations of nalidixic acid also affected RNA
      synthesis and progression through G1 but had no effect on protein synthesis
      rates. We suggest that nalidixic acid has a primary effect on RNA synthesis
      leading to a G1 arrest.

PMID- 396450
TI  - Temperature-sensitive mutants in cysteinyl-tRNA ligase of E. coli K-12.
AB  - Two mutants with a defective cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase have been found in a
      collection of spontaneous temperature sensitive mutants. The mutated gene, which
      is designated cysS, is closely cotransduced with purE.

PMID- 396449
TI  - Formation and fate of cross-links induced by polyfunctional anticancer drugs in
      yeast.
AB  - A method to detect low levels of interstrand cross-links in DNA of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae is described. Isopycnic ultracentrifugation of alkali-treated,
      unpurified Eaton press homogenates allows the detection of less than one cross
      link per yeast chromosome. Efficient separation of single- and double-stranded
      DNA requires low cell density and addition of glycerol during homogenization.
      Using a yeast strain defective in excision repair, a dose dependent formation of
      interstrand cross-links after treatment of cells with biological doses of
      nitrogen mustard, Triaziquone and Chloramubil could be demonstrated. The most
      powerful of these alkylating agents is Triziquone: half of the DNA molecules are
      shown to be cross-linked after a 12 min exposure to 9 X 10(-9) g/ml of the drug.
      The cross-linking reaction continues after excessive alkylating agent is removed.
      After having reached a maximum the fraction of renaturable DNA decreases upon
      further incubation. The speed of this "after-reaction" depends on temperature: 48
      h after the end of treatment renaturability of DNA has almost completely
      disappeared when cells are kept at 36 degrees C.

PMID- 396451
TI  - The effect of beta-glucuronidase and chitinase on the cell wall of Aspergillus
      niger and Aspergillus fumigatus.
AB  - The effects of beta-glucuronidase and chitinase have been tested on the
      hydrolysis of the cell walls of the economically important fungi, Aspergillus
      niger and Aspergillus fumigatus. The extent of wall hydrolysis was measured by
      assaying for total reducing sugars, N-acetyl sugars and protoplast production.
      Maximum reducing sugar release was attained after 40 min incubation, both with
      beta-glucuronidase supplemented with chitinase and beta-glucuronidase alone,
      whereas N-acetyl sugar release reached a maximum at 80 min incubation. beta
      Glucuronidase was effective in releasing protoplasts from both species of
      Aspergillus. This release was enhanced by adding chitinase to the incubation
      medium at 0 and 20 min, but with addition at 60, 80 and 100 min increase in
      protoplast yield was much reduced. The results of re-incubation experiments with
      chitinase suggest that this enzyme may in some way be inhibited during the later
      stages of incubation. Pronase used in combination with beta-glucuronidase
      slightly enhanced protoplast release.

PMID- 396452
TI  - Release of alkaline phosphatase activity by aqueous-ether treatment of whole
      cells of Serratia marcescens.
AB  - The effect of aqueous-ether treatment according to the method of Ribi et al.
      (1961) on the release of alkaline phosphatase from cells of two strains of
      Serratia marcescens was studied. By this method, lipopolysaccharide-protein
      (endotoxin) complexes associated with alkaline phosphatase activities were
      released from both strain 08 and strain Bizio. SDS-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis followed by enzymatic assay showed the presence of two active
      components in each strain. Fractions released from strain 08 contained alkaline
      phosphatase A (140,000 dalton) and alkaline phosphatase B (110,000) daltons)
      while those from strain Bizio contained alkaline phosphatase A' (190,000 daltons)
      and alkaline phosphatase B (110,000 daltons). Although it is known that saline
      plays a role in the release of alkaline phosphatase activities from cell envelope
      of Gram-negative bacteria the presence of saline in the extracting medium affects
      only slightly the chemical composition and not at all on the enzymatic nature of
      the released components. By comparing the enzymatic profiles of the materials
      released by other techniques, such as polymyxin B treatment and osmotic shock, it
      appears that alkaline phosphatase activities released by aqueous-ether treatment
      of whole cells of S. marcescens originate from the periplasmic space.

PMID- 396453
TI  - The induction of germ tubes in Candida albicans by an intrinsic factor.
AB  - The formation of germ tubes in Candida albicans can be initiated by variations in
      the growth medium and in other environmental factors. Cell-to-cell interaction
      can also be an essential factor in cell morphogenesis. The crowding together of
      blastopores of some strains of C. albicans stimulates the development of germ
      tubes without the addition of extrinsic factors.

PMID- 396454
TI  - [Sampling techniques in quantitative morphology (author's transl)].
AB  - Adequate methods of sampling are by far the most neglected procedures in
      stereological work. This is true of both theory and practice. Indeed, it is often
      forgotten that Delesse not only introduced the stereological method, but also
      specified the necessary conditions for its use. To help make good this deficiency
      methods of stereological sampling are reviewed. In particular, the ratio estimate
      is discussed and examples are given. Estimation of the percentages of each cell
      class in populations of blood cells and cells from vaginal smears have problems
      in common. In most cases the bias of the ratio estimate is trivial. The formula
      for approximate calculation of the standard error of the ratio estimate requires
      more sampling units than most people realize. In addition, in artifical smears, a
      more even distribution of the cells is recommended.

PMID- 396455
TI  - A system for automatic metaphase finding and semi-automatic chromosome analysis.

PMID- 396456
TI  - [Recent developments of instrument assisted chromosome analysis with Quantimet
      720 (author's transl)].
AB  - The system looks in a short time automatically for good metaphase spreadings. Two
      routines are described which evaluate the relocated metaphases in a semi
      automatic way. One routine classifies human chromosomes, using the chromosome
      area and area ratio of the chromosome arms. The other routine classifies the
      chromosomes of the chinese hamster. In this routine statistical inputs for
      chromosome aberrations are possible.

PMID- 396457
TI  - [Problems of object recognition].
AB  - Various methods for automatic thresholding and their performance in routine work
      are discussed with lung and bone sections serving as examples. This includes the
      special cases of interference by small particles of intensities comparable to the
      phase of interest and the detection of a phase with small area density.

PMID- 396458
TI  - Anesthesia and the development of surgery (1846-1896).
AB  - The hypothesis that the introduction of anesthesia in 1846 accelerated the
      development of surgery was tested by compiling statistics on the types of
      operations performed in this country and abroad in the absence of anesthesia
      (prior to 1846) and over the 50-year period after 1846. Prior to 1846, surgery
      involved the extremities and superficial parts of the body almost exclusively.
      The same was generally true for 50 years following 1846. The introduction of
      anesthesia was necessary before surgery could advance, but control of infection,
      establishment of the sciences of pathology and physiology, and development of
      professionalism in clinical medicine and surgery based on research and teaching
      were also required. Almost a half-century lapsed after the introduction of
      anesthesia before surgery advanced significantly beyond the stage it was at prior
      to the introduction of anesthesia in 1846.

PMID- 396459
TI  - Malignant hyperthermia.
AB  - A short review of the history, incidence, and present-day concept of the etiology
      of malignant hyperthermia is presented. Protocols for diagnosis, treatment of the
      unexpected occurrence, and management of known malignant hyperthermic patients is
      presented. The exact etiology of the syndrome is still unknown.

PMID- 396460
TI  - Endotoxemia.

PMID- 396461
TI  - Deletion mutants from R plasmids with increased copy number.
AB  - Rms 201-12 and Rms 201-46  are R mutants with increased copy number, and are
      derived from a conjugative plasmid Rms 201 that encodes resistance to five drugs,
      ampicillin (Apc), tetracycline (Tc), chloramphenicol (Cm), streptomycin (Sm), and
      sulfonamides (Sa). The mutants expressed increased levels of resistance to Apc,
      Sm, and Cm, and a decreased level of resistance to Tc than those of the parent
      Rms 201 plasmid. When the Rms 201-12+ or Rms 201-46+ cells were inoculated onto
      plates containing a high concentration of Tc, colonies developed on the plate at
      a frequency of 10-3 to 10-4 after overnight incubation. The cells grown on the Tc
      plate carried a tet (Tc gene)-deleted R mutant besides tet-possessing Rms 201-12
      or Rms 201-46, and we isolated the tet-deleted R mutant by purifying the R+ cells
      on drug-free plates. On the other hand, various deletion mutants possessing tet
      were isolated by prolonged culture of the cells. We have presented a circular
      gene order of Rms 201 by comparing the genetic markers of all deletion mutants
      derived from Rms 201, Rms 201-46, and Rms 201-12. The gene(s) regulating the copy
      number was closely linked to the rep gene. The gene(s) specifying entry exclusion
      was jointly lost with the tra region.

PMID- 396463
TI  - Group B streptococcal infection in the newborn.

PMID- 396462
TI  - Adjuvant action of capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae on antibody
      response. VII. Further purification of the active substance.

PMID- 396464
TI  - [Enforced smoking and cancer].

PMID- 396465
TI  - Escape from the condemned cell on the eve of execution.

PMID- 396466
TI  - Histiocytosis X: clinical trial of chlorambucil: a report from Childrens Cancer
      Study Group.
AB  - A prospective study for histiocytosis X was designed to determine whether "good
      risk" patients, ie, those without evidence of dysfunction of liver, lung, or
      hemopoietic system, would respond to single agent therapy; in this case
      chlorambucil (CMB) used in a dose of 5 mgm/m2/day. If there was no response after
      an adequate trial period, treatment was initiated with four drugs using a
      combination of prednisone, vinblastine, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate. There
      were 26 evaluable patients, 57% of whom were less than two years of age at onset
      of therapy. There were three complete and four partial responses to CMB for a
      response rate of 26.9%. Sixteen patients received an adequate trial of four-drug
      therapy with three complete and two partial responses for a response rate of 33%.
      These responses were inferior to those previously reported for either single
      agents or combined therapy in histiocytosis X.

PMID- 396468
TI  - [France de Gironcoli (Gorizia, 19 March 1892 - Vienna, 29 May 1979)].

PMID- 396467
TI  - Bacterial bioluminescence: its control and ecological significance.

PMID- 396470
TI  - Repertoire of the anti-MOPC 173 anti-idiotypic antibodies: genetical and
      structural features.

PMID- 396469
TI  - Functional diploidy for the secretion of the a allotypes by the lymphoid cell of
      heterozygous rabbits.

PMID- 396471
TI  - Direct and indirect suppression induced by anti-idiotype antibody in the inulin
      bacterial levan antigenic system.

PMID- 396472
TI  - [Preface].

PMID- 396473
TI  - [The mode of action of imidazole antimycotics: implications for sensitivity
      testing (author's transl)].

PMID- 396474
TI  - [Danger of secondary mycoses in compromised patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 396475
TI  - [The fungal flora by patients with infections of the respiratory system (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 396476
TI  - [Yeasts in waste water from sewage treatment plants].
AB  - The authors have studied the influence of sewage treatment plants over the yeast
      population in the waste waters coming from towns. Quantitatively, the number of
      microorganisms shows a 90% decrease in the process of the treatment. 49 different
      species have been identified. Evidence of pollution coming from human being has
      been particularly looked for. The authors point out the different ways of
      detecting the Candida albicans.

PMID- 396479
TI  - Anti-tumor antibodies in lung cancer patients. Immunofluorescence study using
      various indicator cells.
AB  - By means of indirect immunofluorescence a number of primary lung cancer patient
      sera and control sera were tested for anti-tumor antibody activity on living
      tumor cells as a substrate. Antibodies against surface antigens were the most
      frequently detected in autologous system (in 65%) on cells derived from fresh
      surgical material of lung cancer. They were also found in 50% of cases using
      tumor cells from primary short-term culture. When established cell line of lung
      cancer was used (E-14) in allogeneic system, the antibodies were detected in only
      22% of examined lung cancer sera. Absorption of positive sera with homogenates of
      normal tissues did not abolish their specific activity. Positive reactions were
      confined to squamous cell type of bronchogenic carcinoma.

PMID- 396478
TI  - Immunological studies in breast cancer lymphoid populations.

PMID- 396480
TI  - [A colorful method for restorative treatment of fractured anterior teeth].

PMID- 396481
TI  - [Diabetes and its oral aspects].

PMID- 396482
TI  - [Arnoldus Serguerdius (1610-1668) and his philosophical dissertation "De
      Dentibus"].

PMID- 396477
TI  - A guide to the recent literature on aspergillosis as caused by Aspergillus
      fumigatus, a fungus frequently found in self-heating organic matter.
AB  - Spores of Aspergillus fumigatus have been found to be abundantly present in the
      outdoor air at a site where large scale experimental composting of sewage sludge
      is in progress at Beltsville, Maryland. The health significance of this finding,
      for that site and for others in the future, is still only incompletely
      understood. Further studies are in progress to characterize absolute
      concentrations of the spores of the fungus in air at the site, spore dispersal by
      air from composting operations, and background environmental spore levels in air.
      The present paper contains a list of references to papers on health effects of A.
      fumigatus, many published in the past ten years, along with a review of the same
      designed to assist the reader in finding information on particular aspects of the
      subject in the literature. It is intended primarily as an aid to individuals
      interested in sludge composting and wishing to attain an insight into the A.
      fumigatus-composting situation, but it may also interest others concerned with
      other substrates which become moldy at 40--50 C. A. fumigatus has been found in
      great numbers in naturally and artificially heated environments such as decaying
      leaves, compost heaps, solar heated sloughs, cooling canals for nuclear power
      generators, silos, grain storage bins, boiler rooms, detritus around steam
      turbines and sauna baths. The evident practical merits of sludge composting have
      been described elsewhere; the information presented here has its main
      significance in respect to requirements for choice of locations for composting
      sites and to process and design criteria.

PMID- 396483
TI  - [Plea against lengthening a shortened dental arch].

PMID- 396484
TI  - [Gingivitis and periodontitis. III. Resistance of the periodontium].

PMID- 396485
TI  - [Josef Kisser--80 years].

PMID- 396486
TI  - [20 years of Italian nephrology].

PMID- 396487
TI  - [Current prospects in nephrology].

PMID- 396488
TI  - [Glomerulonephritis caused by prevalent mesangial deposits of IgA (IgA GN) and
      arterial hypertension].

PMID- 396489
TI  - [Idiopathic edema (IE). Relationship between renin, aldosterone, catecholamines
      and prolactin].

PMID- 396490
TI  - [The contribution of renal photoscintigraphy performed with a scintillation
      camera and computer in the study of hypertensive patients].

PMID- 396491
TI  - [The Saralasin test in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension. Personal
      experience].

PMID- 396492
TI  - Neurobehavioral evidence for the involvement of the vomeronasal system in
      mammalian reproduction.
AB  - Jacobson's organ of the vomeronasal system is found in every order of mammals
      with the possible exception of Cetacea. The equivocal evidence claiming a
      vestigial or absent organ in humans is reviewed. Based upon anatomical
      considerations, the sensory epithelium of Jacobson's organ is one of five
      possible sensory components within the nasal cavity. Many methods designed to
      test the role of olfaction (sensu strictu) in physiology and behavior do not
      discriminate among the possible systems. Therefore, erroneous conclusions may
      have been drawn from the results of intervention experiments. The central
      neuroanatomical projections of the vomeronasal and olfactory systems are
      different and relatively independent of each other. The vomeronasal system
      reciprocally communicates with central areas concerned with reproductive events.
      On the other hand, the olfactory system may subserve individual maintenance tasks
      (e.g., feeding). As a periscope from the diencephalon, the vomeronasal system may
      monitor exogenous hormones, "pheromones".

PMID- 396493
TI  - Endosteal blade implants: an overview of current literature.

PMID- 396494
TI  - The "slipped" muscle.

PMID- 396495
TI  - Clinical applications of a computer-assisted eye model.
AB  - A computer-assisted mathematical model of ocular movement has been developed. The
      model is binocular in operation and allows variation of multiple parameters
      including: muscle insertions, innervations, length and contractures as well as
      passive tissue forces. The model can be used in interpretation of clinical
      findings, such as fourth nerve palsies with contracture of the antagonist
      inferior oblique.

PMID- 396496
TI  - Corneal edema in essential iris atrophy.
AB  - In a clinical study of the essential iris atrophies, corneal edema occurred in 49
      of 90 patients, and a characteristic hammered-silver appearance of the posterior
      cornea was visible in 54 cases. Intraocular pressure in the eyes with corneal
      edema ranged from normal to extreme elevation with glaucomatous damage, and
      lowering the pressure relieved the corneal edema in many cases with penetrating
      keratoplasty being effective when other measures failed. Electron microscopy of
      two keratoplasty specimens revealed extremely few, distinctly abnormal cells
      lining a collagenous layer posterior to Descemet's membrane.

PMID- 396497
TI  - [Regulation of the blood sugar level by the artificial endocrine pancreas
      (Biostator GCIIS) during dialysis of a diabetic patient].

PMID- 396498
TI  - [Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729-1799)].

PMID- 396499
TI  - [The Madarasz Street Pediatric Hospital is 50 years old].

PMID- 396500
TI  - [Ethics of medical publications--70 years ago].

PMID- 396501
TI  - [Meditations during the reading of articles on history of medicine].

PMID- 396502
TI  - Subglottic stenosis.

PMID- 396503
TI  - Hyoid arch transposition.
AB  - The historical aspects of the use of hyoid bone autografts are reviewed. The
      technique of hyoid bone transposition is described. The graft has proved to be an
      excellent adjunct in the repair of glottic and subglottic stenosis and for the
      reconstruction of small anterior tracheal defects.

PMID- 396504
TI  - Autogenous graft reconstruction of the larynx and upper trachea.

PMID- 396505
TI  - [Etiology of congenital transitory hyperglycemia].

PMID- 396506
TI  - [Therapeutic sauna in the realm of child neuropsychiatry].

PMID- 396507
TI  - [Pride of russian science (on the 150th anniversary of the birth of I. M.
      Sechenov)].

PMID- 396508
TI  - [Intensification of spontaneous plaque formation by BCG-sensitized mouse spleen
      cells under the influence of tuberculin in vitro].

PMID- 396509
TI  - [Faina Mikhailovna Suponitskaia].

PMID- 396510
TI  - [Leonid Moisevich Gol'ber].

PMID- 396511
TI  - [Ultrastructural changes in the deltoid muscle (m. deltoideus) in congestive
      cardiomyopathy].

PMID- 396512
TI  - [Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in developmental age (morphological analysis and prognostic
      factors based on the Kiel classification)].

PMID- 396513
TI  - [Hyperplasia of the phagocytic-mononuclear system in children. I. Histiocytosis
      maligna in the growing child. Histoclinical analysis of 17 cases].

PMID- 396514
TI  - [The X-ray manifestations of the intrathoracic reticulum cell sarcoma (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 396515
TI  - [Osteosarcoma according to clinical material of the Institute of Oncology in
      Warsaw].

PMID- 396516
TI  - [Primary osteogenic sarcoma treated in the Institute of Oncology during the years
      1947-1970].

PMID- 396518
TI  - [Results of chemotherapy of osteosarcoma].

PMID- 396517
TI  - [Incidence of osteosarcoma in comparison with other types of malignant bone
      neoplasms in Warsaw during 1963-1974].

PMID- 396520
TI  - Infant mortality and economic stability. An analysis of the last century.

PMID- 396519
TI  - [Osteogenic sarcoma according to the materials of the Department of Pathology of
      the Warsaw Oncological Institute for the years 1948-1977].

PMID- 396521
TI  - [Results of treatment of stress urinary incontinence by the Marshall-Marchetti
      method].

PMID- 396522
TI  - [Drug allergy according to clinical material during 1970-1976].

PMID- 396523
TI  - [Prof. Andrzej Krotkiewski (1927-1979)].

PMID- 396524
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of Ildamen].

PMID- 396525
TI  - [Contribution of Polish scholars to the study of branchiogenic malformations of
      the neck at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries].

PMID- 396526
TI  - Long-acting or conventional propanolol in hypertension?

PMID- 396528
TI  - Salbutamol in the treatment of asthma.

PMID- 396527
TI  - Paroven in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency.

PMID- 396529
TI  - George Harley (1829-1896).

PMID- 396530
TI  - Sugar and dental caries: myth and fact. Fifth in a series of articles.

PMID- 396531
TI  - Public health aspects of optimal serum lipid-lipoprotein levels.

PMID- 396532
TI  - Lipid metabolism in liver and selected tissues and in the whole body of ruminant
      animals.

PMID- 396533
TI  - [Progress in the area of drug development. 12].

PMID- 396534
TI  - Problems involved in the specification and interpretation of quantitative
      structure-activity relationships. Part 1: A modified type of structure-activity
      equations.
AB  - It has been demonstrated that ordinary regression coefficients of a quantitative
      structure-activity equation depend strongly on the scaling both of the biological
      parameter and the explanatory variables (regressors). Even in the case of only
      two regressors this fact may lead to challengable interpretations regarding the
      relative performances of the explanatory variables, say physicochemical
      parameters. The use of standardized variables and, consequently, of standardized
      regression coefficients is proposed in order to get a better insight into the
      mechanistic features of the mode of action of the congeneric series under
      investigation. The procedure has been illustrated with examples adapted from the
      literature.

PMID- 396535
TI  - Studies in potential organo-fluorine antibacterial agents. Part 3: Synthesis and
      antibacterial activity of some new fluorine containing 2,4,5-trisubstituted
      isoxazoles.

PMID- 396536
TI  - [Antibacterial effect of an ammonium salt of 11-aminoundecanoic acid. 5. Organic
      ammonium salts].

PMID- 396537
TI  - [The salicylates].

PMID- 396538
TI  - Effect of insulin in rats with lesions of the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus.

PMID- 396539
TI  - [Operative castration in sexual delinquency--a survey of topical literature and
      an attempt at forming an opinion].
AB  - An attempt is made to form an opinion regarding the indication of operative
      castration for sexual delinquents, from a survey of recent literature dealing
      with methods of treatment for cases of sexual deviation/sexual delinquency
      (operative/medicinal castration, combined psychotherapy and medicinal castration,
      stereotactic operation on the hypothalamus).

PMID- 396540
TI  - [The Rodewisch theses of 1963--the legacy and duty, the acknowledgment and
      realization].
AB  - Address to mark the 15th anniversary of the "Rodewisch theses" adopted during the
      1st International Symposium on Psychiatric Rehabilitation of the European
      socialist countries in 1963. The author deals with the events leading up to the
      Symposium and its importance. An analysis is made of how the essential theses of
      development are being put into practice. Challenges facing psychiatry in future
      are outlined.

PMID- 396541
TI  - [Psychogymnastics in group psychotherapy for in-patients].
AB  - The author describes specific problems arising in the use of psychogymnastics as
      a part of group psychotherapy for in-patients. She also discusses sociometric,
      diagnostic and therapeutic aims, and the potential and limitations of the method.

PMID- 396542
TI  - Composite model for human performance in continuous noise.

PMID- 396543
TI  - Rational emotive education and relaxation training in large group treatment of
      test anxiety.

PMID- 396544
TI  - A study of the caeruloplasmin concentrations found in 75 patients with Wilson's
      disease, their kinships and various control groups.

PMID- 396545
TI  - A simple and rational twice daily insulin regime. Distinction between basal and
      meal insulin requirements.

PMID- 396546
TI  - Vitiligo.

PMID- 396547
TI  - The life and research of Boris L. Astaurov.

PMID- 396548
TI  - [Evaluation of two miniaturized systems widely used in the laboratories for the
      identification of the "Enterobacteriaceae" (author's transl)].
AB  - We have attended to a comparative research between two commercial microsystems:
      Enterotube and Minitek in order identify the Enterobacteriaceae and a reference
      system given by the combination of the usual macromethods already used in our
      laboratory. We have examined 401 bacterial cultures of Gram bacillus which we
      trought to belong to Enterobacteriums, coming from clinical material (excrements,
      urine, pharyngeal swabs, vaginal swabs, urethral swabs and espectoration) we have
      received for the bacteriological diagnosis. 390 of 401 cultures have shown to be
      Enterobacteriums. The biochemical reactions they have given show that the
      Enterotube and the Minitek have, with the usual system a good accordance for the
      following tests: dextrose (acid and gaz) lysin and ornithine decarboxylase,
      production of H2S and indole, phenylalanine deaminase and urease; while we have
      some statistically significant discordances for the fermenting of lactose and the
      use of citrate. We have also significant discordances E/C for the fermenting of
      dulcitole while the ones of Minitek are acceptables. The notes recommend the use,
      in the specialized bacteriological laboratories, of the conventional tests.

PMID- 396549
TI  - Oxygen isotope fractionation during respiration for different temperatures of T.
      utilis and E. coli K12.
AB  - The temperature dependence of the oxygen isotope fractionation factor during
      respiration has been examined for two different microorganisms, namely Torulopsis
      utilis and Escherichia coli K12 representing a yeast and a bacterium,
      respectively. The investigation covered a temperature range of 18 degrees C, that
      is from 16 degrees C to 34 degrees C for T. utilis and from 19 degrees C to 37
      degrees C for E. coli K12. Within this temperature range the fractionation factor
      of T. utilis increases by 0.18% an insignificant change (delta delta 10 degrees C
      = 0.063%; r = 0.067), whereas with E. coli K12 an increase of 1.12% has been
      observed (delta delta  10 degrees C = 0.6%; r = 0.55).

PMID- 396550
TI  - Morphology and functional properties of isolated and cultured hepatocytes.

PMID- 396551
TI  - Cytoskeleton of the hepatocyte.

PMID- 396552
TI  - Regulation of growth of hepatocytes by sodium ions.

PMID- 396553
TI  - Hepatotrophic substances.

PMID- 396554
TI  - The investigation of sinusoidal cells: a new approach to the study of liver
      function.

PMID- 396555
TI  - Current concepts of bilirubin metabolism and hereditary hyperbilirubinemia.

PMID- 396556
TI  - The multiple roles of the glutathione transferases (ligandins).

PMID- 396557
TI  - Bile acid metabolism in health and disease.

PMID- 396558
TI  - Morphologic aspects of hepatic synthesis and secretion of plasma proteins.

PMID- 396561
TI  - Clotting abnormalities in liver disease.

PMID- 396560
TI  - HL-A system and liver disease.

PMID- 396559
TI  - Hepatic microsomal enzymes and their alterations in pathologic conditions.

PMID- 396562
TI  - Endotoxins in liver disease.

PMID- 396563
TI  - Hepatic encephalopathy: summary of present knowledge with an elaboration on
      recent developments.

PMID- 396564
TI  - Immunopathology of hepatitis B.

PMID- 396565
TI  - Immunologic liver injury: the role of hepatitis B viral antigens and liver
      membrane antigens as targets.

PMID- 396566
TI  - Cell surface receptors in the liver.

PMID- 396567
TI  - Cholestasis in the first three months of life.

PMID- 396568
TI  - Primary biliary cirrhosis.

PMID- 396569
TI  - Visualization of the bile ducts.

PMID- 396570
TI  - Ultrasonography and computed tomography of the liver.

PMID- 396571
TI  - Vitamin D in chronic liver disease.

PMID- 396573
TI  - Drug-induced chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis.

PMID- 396572
TI  - Hepatic morphologic changes after jejunoileal bypass.

PMID- 396574
TI  - Environmental hepatic injury in man.

PMID- 396575
TI  - Electron microscopy of mitochondria and peroxisomes of human hepatocytes.

PMID- 396576
TI  - A review of the hippocampal place cells.

PMID- 396577
TI  - The actions of prostaglandins I2 and E2 on arrhythmias produced by coronary
      occlusion in the rat and dog.
AB  - Prostaglandins E2 and I2 were compared with known antiarrhythmics for their
      actions against arrhythmias produced by occlusion of the left anterior descending
      coronary artery in the anaesthetised rat while PGI2 was also examined in the dog.
      PGI2 in the dog suppressed early arrhythmias produced during occlusion but did
      not influence those produced by occlusion-release or those occurring 24 hours
      after a permanent occlusion; none of the A,B,C or D series prostaglandins tested
      markedly reduced 24 hour arrhythmias. In the rat PGE2 was antiarrhythmic against
      early occlusion arrhythmias (30 minutes occlusion) in a dose related manner
      (infusions of 1-4 microgram/kg/min) whereas PGI2 infusions potentiated the
      arrhythmogenic effect of occlusion. PGE2 was as effective an antiarrhythmic as
      10mg/kg Org. 6001 which was more effective in this test situtation than dl
      propranolol. No obvious mechanisms for the actions of PGE2 or PGI2 were apparent
      although both agents lowered blood pressure and reduced the size of the occluded
      zone produced by ligation.

PMID- 396578
TI  - Measurement of 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha in human plasma using gas chromatography-mass
      spectrometry.
AB  - The plasma concentration of the prostacyclin (PGI2) hydration product 6-oxo-PGF1
      alpha has been assayed by stable isotope dilution GC-MS in six normal volunteers
      infused with increasing doses of PGI2 intravenously. The predosing levels of 6
      oxo-PGF1 alpha ranged between 114 and 266 pg/ml. Infusion of PGI2 increased 6-oxo
      PGF1 alpha concentration in plasma but the increments were lower than expected
      suggesting less conversion of the PGI2 to 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha at high infusion
      rates.

PMID- 396579
TI  - [Zoonotic Salmonella infections according to the data of the Infectious Disease
      Clinic in Lublin for the years 1973-1977].

PMID- 396580
TI  - [Clostridium botulinum-like bacilli].

PMID- 396581
TI  - [Employment of persons with rheumatoid arthritis registered in the rheumatologic
      outpatient clinics in Poland in 1973].

PMID- 396582
TI  - [Leptospirosis according to the data of the infectious disease department of the
      municipal hospital in Raciborz in the years 1966-1977].

PMID- 396583
TI  - [Isolation of Escherichia coli from children with diarrhea in the Lodz province
      during 1976-1977].

PMID- 396584
TI  - [Feliks Sawicki (1929-1979)].

PMID- 396585
TI  - [Bozena Szyszko (1926-1978)].

PMID- 396586
TI  - [Electron spin resonance spectrometry applied for the research on mineralization
      processes occurring in physiological and pathological conditions (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 396587
TI  - [Measurements and evaluation methods of environmental gamma radiation dose less
      than 5 mrem/y due to nuclear facilities (author's transl)].

PMID- 396588
TI  - [Recent progress in radiation chemistry (author's transl)].

PMID- 396589
TI  - [When a limited budget exists, which will it be: hemodialysis or renal
      transplant?].

PMID- 396590
TI  - [Influence of mechanical respiration with positive expiratory pressure on the
      development of pulmonary embolism induced by oleic acid. Experimental study in
      dogs].

PMID- 396591
TI  - Reproducibility of cement mixing and improved casting cementation.

PMID- 396592
TI  - [Cementation of fixed prostheses: sealing cements].

PMID- 396593
TI  - [Dental impression materials--discriminating characteristics of elastomers and
      alginates].

PMID- 396594
TI  - [Helmontianism and odontology. I].

PMID- 396595
TI  - [Cartesian implication of the bucco-dental nosology of Pierre Fauchard (1678-1761
      1978)].
AB  - Fauchard's 103 dental diseases can be reduced to 20. The other are clinical
      variations of the same disease, or deductions from erroneous ideas of ancient or
      cartesian physio-pathology. In 1778 Plenk describes more than 200 diseases but
      the same year J. Hunter sets up the foundations of modern classification: dental
      caries and its complications, diseases of the parodontium, dental anomalies and
      malocclusions.

PMID- 396596
TI  - [Sealing capacity of silver amalgam for diminishing marginal permeability of
      remnant fillings of pulp cavities in teeth prepared for intracanal retainers].

PMID- 396597
TI  - [Periodontal disease as focus of infectious bacterial endocarditis].

PMID- 396598
TI  - [Adaptation and retention of cemented inlays. (Influence of chemical etching and
      of occlusal perforation)].

PMID- 396599
TI  - [ANUG: acute ulcerative necrotizing gingivitis. Introduction and diagnosis].

PMID- 396600
TI  - [Physical properties of 5 root canal filling cements].

PMID- 396601
TI  - [Traumatic or amputation neuroma].

PMID- 396602
TI  - [Fluoride influence on reduction of oral Streptococcus in children].

PMID- 396603
TI  - [Metabolic activity of dental pulp of the first permanent molar under the action
      of calcium hydroxide. In vitro study].

PMID- 396604
TI  - [Studies on the persistence of the infectivity of Trypanosoma cruzi. II.
      Persistence of infectivity of T. cruzi in dead bugs (author's transl)].
AB  - Investigations into the viability time of T. cruzi in dead bugs experimentally
      infected with "Peru" strain showed a maximum of 9 days for Dipetalogaster maximus
      and 8 for Triatoma infestans maintained at ambient temperature (26 degrees C). On
      refrigeration survival was increased to 60 days. In routine xenodiagnosis in the
      refrigerator 90 day survival was noted of both T. cruzi and the vector bug.

PMID- 396605
TI  - Liquid holding recovery in E. coli K12. II. Role of cellular multiplication.
AB  - When UV-irradiated, wild-type E. coli cells are incubated in buffer before
      plating, consequent survival increases cannot be explained by repair mechanisms
      alone. Regardless of UV-dose, survival after 48-hours incubation reaches a
      "plateau" at 10(-1) survival level. An important fraction of the irradiated cells
      is capable of multiplying during buffer incubation, and the same phenomenon is
      observed with unirradiated E. coli whenever culture concentration is lower than
      10(7) cells/ml. Protein contents per viable cell decreases significantly during
      buffer incubation. A similar phenomenon was observed in an excision deficient
      strain. Macromolecule biosynthesis was also observed during buffer incubation. We
      conclude that, under most experimental conditions, cellular multiplication plays
      a very important role in liquid holding recovery experiments.

PMID- 396607
TI  - [Blood exchange in Klebsiella pneumoniae septicemia. Apropos of a case in an
      infant].

PMID- 396606
TI  - [Glomerular immunopathology: comparative study with immunofluorescence and
      immunoperoxidase (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to evaluate the reliability of immunoperoxidase technic (IP) for immuno
      deposits in frozen renal tissue, a single blind study was done comparing it with
      immunofluorescent technic (IF). Fifty renal biopsies were studied. Ten there were
      no deposits by IF or IP. In 40 of them the results showed the same specificity
      and greater intensity for IP. There were 25 cases with IgG, 22 with IgM, 9 with
      IgA, 3 with Clq, 27 with C3 and 3 with HbsAg. We concluded that IP can be used in
      place of IF for detection of the immune deposits in renal biopsies and that it
      offers an easier observation than the later.

PMID- 396608
TI  - [Sensitivity of genital Mycoplasmas to various antibiotics. Comparative study of
      2 quantitative technics].

PMID- 396609
TI  - [Study of vaginal colonization by group B Streptococcus. Importance of the
      transportation of samples and means of isolation].

PMID- 396610
TI  - [Total correction of complete transposition of the great vessels by the Senning-I
      technic].

PMID- 396611
TI  - [Left ventricle-right atrium communication. Surgical considerations apropos of 3
      cases].

PMID- 396612
TI  - [Promises and facts about cimetidine].

PMID- 396613
TI  - Effect of sodium and osmolarity on renin secretion.
AB  - The effect of changes in sodium and osmolarity on renin secretion has been
      studied in the isolated perfused rat kidney. Perfusion with low sodium buffer
      (110 mM/l) produced a significant increase in renin secretion compared with
      control experiments (Na+:135 mM/l). Since the presence of tubules seems necessary
      for such an effect to take place, it suggests that the high renin secretion
      stimulated by a low sodium buffer centers in the Macula densa. Perfusion with
      high sodium buffer (170 mM/l; osmolarity 350 mOs/l) induces a stimulation on
      renin release. However, a greater rise in renin is achieved in control
      experiments if choline chloride increases the osmolarity from 300 to 350 mOs/l.
      All this suggests that high sodium buffer, independently of its osmotic effect,
      has an inhibitory role on renin release.

PMID- 396614
TI  - [The adrenergic system in essential arterial hypertension].

PMID- 396615
TI  - [Current non-pharmacological treatment of headaches: "biofeedback"].

PMID- 396616
TI  - [Immunity in sarcoidosis].

PMID- 396617
TI  - The distribution of immunoglobulin-containing cells in canine small intestine.
AB  - Peroxidase conjugated antisera to canine immunoglobulins G and A and to human
      immunoglobulin M, have been used to study the distribution of immunoglobulin
      containing cells in the small intestine of the young and adult dog. At all levels
      of the small bowel of the adult dog, IgA:IgM:IgG cells have a 2:1:1 ratio while
      the greatest number of immunocytes is found in the duodenum and decreases towards
      the distal portion of the small intestine. The young puppy shows a predominance
      of IgM-containing cells in the small intestinal lamina propria during early life
      but the adult pattern of immunocyte distribution has been achieved by weaning.

PMID- 396618
TI  - Duration of anti-adhesive and bactericidal activities of milk from vaccinated
      sows on Escherichia coli O149 in the digestive tract of piglets during the
      nursing period.
AB  - Piglets were exposed orogastrically to Escherichia coli to enable study of the
      duration of anti-adhesive and bactericidal activities of milk of sows vaccinated
      with a K88 enriched E coli vaccine. There was a marked increase in the number of
      the challenge strain in the digestive tract of weaned piglets of all ages
      (between 888 and 2144 per cent). In contrast, there was a decrease in their
      number (75 per cent) in the day-old colostrum-fed piglets. When the piglets were
      two weeks old milk was still capable of reducing the rate of proliferation of the
      pathogen but at five weeks it proliferated at equal rates in the digestive tract
      of both suckling and weaned litter-mates. The rate of adhesion of the K88
      positive E coli to the small intestine of colostrum deprived piglets was high (5
      x 108/g). Rate of adhesion fell gradually in weaned piglets from 5.4 x 107/g at
      two weeks to 2.0 x 106/g at four to five weeks of age. In contrast, resistance of
      the small intestine of suckling pigs to adhesion by K88-positive E coli remained
      relatively stable through the five week period of nursing bacterial counts
      ranging from 5 x 104/g to 3 x 104/g of tissue.

PMID- 396619
TI  - Non-specific resistance of mice to Pasteurella haemolytica.
AB  - A technique for challenge infection of mice with Pasteurella haemolytica is
      described. Mice were challenged intraperitoneally with P haemolytica in gastric
      mucin, and viable counts were performed 6 h later on liver suspensions. Viable
      counts of P haemolytica in the livers of unvaccinated control mice had increased
      6 h after infection. Mice were injected subcutaneously with a commercial
      pasteurella vaccine at various time intervals before challenge. In those given
      vaccine two weeks, one week, 48 h and 1 h before challenge, viable counts of P
      haemolytica in the liver increased as for control mice. However, if the time
      interval between administration of vaccine and challenge was 12 or 24h, viable
      counts of P haemolytica in the liver decreased after challenge. Subcutaneous
      inoculation with the nonbacterial components of the vaccine 24 h before challenge
      did not cause such an effect. Inobulation with the vaccine 24h before challenge
      with Escherichia coli resulted in an increase in the LD50 for that organism,
      indicating that the effect is probably non-specific.

PMID- 396620
TI  - A method for the measurement of the gingival sulcus of sheep.
AB  - A method for measuring and comparing the depths of the gingival sulcus of sheep
      in the incisor region at necropsy is described. The method was devised to assess
      and compare dental health in groups of sheep with and without premature loss of
      incisor teeth (broken mouth). The technique involves the use of paper spills in
      combination with dental plaster models.

PMID- 396621
TI  - Chemical methods for the analysis of veterinary drug residues in foods. Part I.

PMID- 396622
TI  - Impact of biological and chemical mosquito control agents on nontarget biota in
      aquatic ecosystems.

PMID- 396623
TI  - [In memoriam Henrique Moutinho (1907-1978)].

PMID- 396624
TI  - [Whatman-41 filter paper and sample of the secretions of the conjunctival cul-de
      sac].

PMID- 396625
TI  - [Trachoma and armies].

PMID- 396626
TI  - [Professor Franz Conde Jahn 1901-1977].

PMID- 396627
TI  - [Effect of nicergoline on the intellectual performance (author's transl)].

PMID- 396628
TI  - [Bacteriuria, urinary infection and pyelonephritis. Critical analysis of the
      results obtained between the years 1958 and 1978. Part I].

PMID- 396629
TI  - [Ninetieth anniversary of the first Chilean Medical Congress (author's transl)].

PMID- 396630
TI  - [The first Chilean medical fellows in Europe (1874) (author's transl)].

PMID- 396631
TI  - [Neurophysins].

PMID- 396632
TI  - Epidemiology of Klebsiella and hospital-associated infections.

PMID- 396633
TI  - The effects and significance of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of
      antibiotics.
AB  - Subminimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics cause structural alterations
      in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and, in certain instances, reduce
      growth of bacteria, enhance phagocytosis, increase the bactericidal activity of
      human serum, and induce production of beta-lactamase from gram-negative bacilli.
      Extrapolation of these in vitro effects to infection in humans is difficult but
      appears to be most appropriate in patients who receive synergistic combinations
      of antibiotics.

PMID- 396634
TI  - Interactions between antibacterial drugs below the minimal inhibitory
      concentration.
AB  - Interaction between antibacterial agents is often assessed in chessboard
      titrations, in which bacteriostatic synergy is detected as a mutual reduction in
      the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the agents being tested. If MIC
      titrations are continually monitored turbidimetrically, the conventionally
      determined "end point" is seen to reflect the final outcome of a series of events
      that have occurred during the incubation period. One factor that influences the
      end point is the emergence, during overnight incubation, of a bacterial
      population with slightly increased drug resistance. A frequent component of the
      synergy recorded in chessboard titrations is the mutual suppression of such
      adaptive resistance. Synergy can also be expressed in terms of the minimal
      antibiotic concentration (MAC), i.e., the lowest concentration needed to produce
      an observable antibacterial effect. Antibacterial agents that exhibit true
      biochemical synergy interact to cause a mutual reduction in the MAC, but the
      degree of synergy recorded in this way is substantially lower than that
      determined by conventional chessboard titration. The benefits of antibacterial
      synergy in therapy cannot be predicted based on chessboard titrations alone.
      Dramatic synergy of the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole type may be of limited
      clinical use, whereas other drug combinations may be more useful than the results
      of cross-titration suggest.

PMID- 396635
TI  - Range of antibacterial activity of antibiotics at subminimal inhibitory
      concentrations: the ratio of minimal inhibitory concentration to minimal
      antibiotic concentration.
AB  - The range of activity of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of some beta-lactam
      and aminoglycoside antibiotics against both gram-negative and gram-positive
      bacteria was determined and expressed as the ratio of the minimal inhibitory
      concentration (MIC) to the minimal antibiotic concentration (MAC). Ten strains of
      Staphylococcus aureus were tested with ampicillin, cefamandole, and cefoxitin.
      The mean MIC/MAC ratios were 9.4, 14.0, and 2.9, respectively. The mean MIC/MAC
      ratios for 10 strains of Escherichia coli that were tested with the same three
      antibiotics were 20.6, 25.2, and 15.1, respectively. The same strains of E. coli
      and S. aureus were tested with amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. The
      respective mean MIC/MAC ratios were 13.1, 6.2, and 7.4 for E. coli and 3.7, 5.1,
      and 3.1 for S. aureus. Ten strains of Serratia marcescens were tested with
      amikacin, chloramphenicol, and these two drugs combined. The mean MIC/MAC ratios
      for amikacin and chloramphenicol were 6.8 and 2.1, respectively. For the
      combination, the mean MIC/MAC ratio was 9.2, a finding that indicates synergism.
      Determinations of MIC/MAC ratios could provide valuable information for the
      monitoring of antibacterial therapy, especially when drugs of significant
      toxicity are used.

PMID- 396636
TI  - Recovery period and the exposure of bacteria to subminimal inhibitory
      concentrations of antibiotics.
AB  - The minimal antbiotic concentration (MAC) refers to the lowest concentration of
      drug that results in a detectable effect on bacteria (e.g., inhibition of growth,
      change in morphology, and delay in recovery to normal growth in drug-free
      medium). Strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were subjected to
      a range of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of four drugs-ampicillin,
      gentamicin, rosaramicin, and tetracycline. Inhibition curves (percentage of
      normal growth vs. concentration of drug) were related to the period of recovery
      before resumption of normal growth, which was chosen to express MAC value. In
      both E. coli and S. aureus, the longest delay in recovery of normal growth was
      observed with rosaramicin. Ampicillin resulted in a delay in recovery only with
      S. aureus.

PMID- 396637
TI  - Suppression of bacterial adherence by subminimal inhibitory concentrations of
      beta-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics.
AB  - Nonseptate filaments of Escherichia coli obtained by growth of a temperature
      sensitive mutant of the organism at its restrictive temperature in the absence of
      antibiotics or at its permissive temperature in the presence of approximately one
      half the MIC of penicillin (27 micrograms/ml; MIC of penicillin, 50
      micrograms/ml) lacked the ability both to bind to mannose and to adhere to host
      tissues. Addition of low concentrations (0.5-10 micrograms/ml) of streptomycin to
      cultures of E. coli resulted in marked suppression of the mannose-binding and
      adhering ability of streptomycin-sensitive E. coli (MIC, 30 micrograms/ml). In
      contrast, up to 5,000 microgram of streptomycin/ml had no effect on an isogenic
      streptomycin-resistant mutant of E. coli (MIC, 20,000 micrograms/ml). No
      concentration of penicillin or streptomycin that was tested was able to suppress
      either the mannose-binding or the adhering ability of E. coli once those
      activities had been acquired by the organism. These results suggest that
      subminimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics suppress the ability of
      bacteria to adhere to cells.

PMID- 396638
TI  - Effects of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on adhesiveness of
      Escherichia coli in vitro.
AB  - The adhesion of radiolabeled Escherichia coli (strain SS142) to monolayers of
      Intestine 407, a human epithelioid tissue culture cell line, was investigated. In
      this assay the adhesion of bacteria grown in the presence of subminimal
      inhibitory concentrations of tetracycline, clindamycin,, or trimethoprim
      sulfametrole was reduced in a manner that was dose dependent. In contrast, at
      such concentrations nalidixic acid enhanced the adhesion of this bacterial
      strain, and other antibiotics-e.g., penicillin G, ampicillin, mecillinam,
      cephacetrile, cephalexin, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, and streptomycin-did not
      affect its adhesiveness.

PMID- 396640
TI  - Billroth and Penicillium.
AB  - Between 1868 and 1873, a surgeon, Theodor Billroth, performed experiments with
      cultures of bacteria and molds (which he believed to be two aspects of a single
      form of life) to investigate their role in "accidental wound diseases." Some of
      the cultures teemed with rounded microorganisms arranged in chains; Billroth
      chose to call them streptococci. He also noticed that occasionally, when
      Penicillium appeared in a culture, bacteria failed to grow; he suggested that
      Penicillum could have "modified the medium" so as to render it unsuitable for
      bacterial growth. This may well have been the first observation of the
      antibacterial effect of Penicillium. Similar experiments were performed by Joseph
      Lister, who noticed in 1871 that bacteria tended to kill the Penicillium, and by
      John Tyndall, who described in 1876 a "battle" that could be won by either party.

PMID- 396641
TI  - [Management of furcation involvement--periodontal management].

PMID- 396639
TI  - Effects of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics in experimental
      infections.
AB  - The antibacterial effects of subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of
      antibiotics were studied in two animal models. In mice, the oral cephalosporin
      CGP 9000 was effective in 11 of 20 different gram-negative infections and
      cephalexin was effective in one of these infections, both at 50% effective doses
      (ED(50)) that produced peak concentrations of drug in plasms equal to one-half to
      one-sixteenth the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the infecting
      organism. In gram-positive infections, both antibiotics were effective only at
      concentrations above the MIC. In rabbits, sub-MICs of cephaloridine, ampicillin,
      and gantamicin were maintained for 6-10 hr by intravenous infusion. At steady
      state concentrations equal to one half to one-eighth the MIC, the beta-lactam
      antibiotics caused elongation and filamentation, and gentamicin caused
      enlargement, of Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium
      in peritoneal exudate; the number of viable cells of each of these bacteria was
      temporarily reduced. In infections with E. coli and P. mirabilis, sub-MIC's of
      beta-lactam antibiotics and of gentamicin prolonged the survival rates for
      infected animals beyond those for control animals. Rabbits infected with S.
      typhimurium and treated with ampicillin at a concentration of one-third the MIC
      Tended to die sooner than did control animals.

PMID- 396642
TI  - [Management of furcation involvement--crowns and dentures].

PMID- 396643
TI  - [Feliks Sawicki (1929-1979)].

PMID- 396644
TI  - [Physical, chemical and nutritional value changes in heated fats. I. The problem
      in the light of world literature and the directions of our studies].

PMID- 396645
TI  - [Prof. Rodolfo dos Santos Mascarenhas 1909-1979].

PMID- 396646
TI  - [The use of auxiliary health personnel in developing areas: a brief historical
      approach].

PMID- 396647
TI  - Dental discolorations and side effects with iron and placebo tablets.
AB  - In a randomized double-blind cross-over study, 19 young women received iron
      tablets (Neo-Fer) containing 0.20 g ferrous fumarate (60 mg Fe++), and placebo
      tablets, twice daily during two periods of 8 weeks each. Development of
      discolorations on fillings and tooth surfaces was studied by careful clinical
      examination, and by paired comparison of color transparencies taken before and
      after each period of treatment. Any tendency of this oral iron preparation to
      cause dental discolorations could not be detected in the present group of women
      with good oral hygiene. Seven participants reported gastrointestinal discomfort,
      two of them only when receiving placebo tablets.

PMID- 396648
TI  - The anal canal epithelium. A review.

PMID- 396649
TI  - G cell distribution in normal duodenal mucosa.
AB  - G cell presence in the fundus, antrum and duodenum (bulbar, descending and
      horizontal parts) was investigated by an indirect immunofluorescenc technique in
      six asymptomatic male subjects. All subjects had normal endoscopic and
      histological patterns normal gastric acid secretion and normal serum gastrin
      levels. The results confirm the presence of G cells in the antral mucosa and the
      three studied duodenal portions. The G cell number of each duodenal portion was
      significantly lower than the antral one (P less than 0.0005). No difference could
      be seen between the second and third duodenal portions while each of them had a
      significantly lower G cell number, when compared with the bulb.

PMID- 396650
TI  - Healing of duodenal ulcer during treatment with an anticholinergic and an
      antacid.
AB  - Twenty-nine patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcers were treated with
      either placebo or benzilonium bromide (Ulcoban prolongatum) for 4 weeks. Antacid
      consumption was low in both groups. Healing after 4 weeks was verified
      endoscopically and was about equal for both treatments. Frequency of pain and
      other "dyspeptic" symptoms appeared to be less in patients treated with
      benzilonium. Lack of symptoms was not always associated with healing of the
      ulcers.

PMID- 396651
TI  - Pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer. A multicentre double-blind controlled clinical
      trial, First of two parts.
AB  - Eighty-four patients with endoscopically-proved active duodenal ulcer were
      admitted to a multicentre double-blind trial with either pirenzepine tablets (25
      mg three times per day for 1 week followed by 25 mg two times per day for 3
      weeks) or placebo. Seventy-nine patients completed the trial, 44 treated with
      pirenzepine and 35 with placebo. After 4 weeks, complete healing had been
      achieved in 52% of the pirenzepine-treated patients and in 34% of the placebo
      treated ones. Symptomatic responses were signigicantly better in those receiving
      pirenzepine than in those receiving placebo. In addition, the supplementary
      antacid consumption was significantly lesser in the pirenzepine group than in the
      placebo group. No important side-effects were observed in the two groups.

PMID- 396652
TI  - Pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer. A multicentre double-blind controlled clinical
      trial. Second of two parts.
AB  - Ninety-six patients with endoscopically proved active duodenal ulcers were
      admitted to a multicentre double-blind trial with either pirenzepine (100 mg/day,
      25 mg in the morning and midday and 50 mg at bed time) or placebo for 4 weeks.
      Ninety-two patients (46 in each group) completed the trial. After 4 weeks,
      complete healing had been achieved in 70% of the pirenzepine-treated patients and
      in 32% of the placebo-treated ones (P less than 0.01). No important side-effects
      and no abnormal changes in blood values or urinalysis were observed during
      treatment. The difference in the ulcer healing rates observed in the two parts of
      this multicentre trial is briefly discussed.

PMID- 396653
TI  - Pirenzepine and carbenozolone in gastric ulcer. Preliminary results of a
      multicentre double-blind controlled clinical trial.
AB  - Pirenzepine (PRZ) 75 mg/day for 1 week followed by 50 mg/day for 3 weeks did not
      show a good activity in gastric ulcer healing in comparison to carbenoxolone (CB)
      (300 mg/day for 1 week followed by 200 mg/day for 3 weeks). The tolerability of
      PRZ seemed to be better than that of CB. The increase in the daily dose of PRZ to
      100 mg/day for 4 weeks led to better results in the patients who have completed
      satisfactorily the treatment up to now. PRZ's tolerability was greater than CB's.
      The results of this study are preliminary to further trial.

PMID- 396654
TI  - Pirenzepine in the treatment of benign gastroduodenal diseases. A double-blind
      controlled clinical trial.
AB  - Pirenzepine (PRZ, 75 mg/day for 10 days followed by 50 mg/day for 20 days) was
      compared with placebo (PL) in the treatment of endoscopically confirmed active
      gastroduodenitis or duodenal ulcer and with carbenoxolone (CB, 300 mg/day
      followed by 200 mg/day) in the treatment of gastric ulcer in a 30-day double
      blind clinical trial. Ninety-seven of 112 outpatients completed the trial. The
      results can be summarized as follows: a) Gastroduodenitis. Complete normalization
      of the endoscopic picture was observed in 61% of the 28 patients on PRZ and in
      30% of the 27 on PL. b) Duodenal ulcer. Complete endoscopic healing was observed
      in 75% of the 12 patients on PRZ and in 44% of the 9 on PL. In both studied PRZ
      induced improvement in clinical symptoms in more patients than PL. c) Gastric
      ulcer. PRZ and CB induced complete healing in a similar percentage of patients
      (64% of 11 and 70% of 10 patients). Better results in dyspepsia were observed in
      the PRZ group than the CB group. No major side-effects and no pathological
      changes in blood and urine analyses were observed in PRZ-treated patients.

PMID- 396655
TI  - Pirenzepine (LS 519) in severe duodenal ulcer and in gastric ulcer. A double
      blind clinical trial.
AB  - Duodenal ulcer. Forty-five of 49 adult outpatients with active, severe,
      endoscopically proven duodenal ulcers completed a 4-week double-blind trial
      comparing two doses of LS 519 (75 and 150 mg/day) with placebo. After 2 weeks, 1
      of 15 patients given LS 75 mg and 4 of 15 given LS 150 mg/day had healed (P =
      0.09). No patient given placebo had healed. After 4 weeks, 6 of 15 (40%) on
      placebo, 9 of 15 (60%) on LS 75 mg and 13 of 15 (86.7%) on LS 153 mg had healed
      (P less than 0.01). Patients given the highest dose of LS had significantly more
      pain-free days and nights and took fewer antacid tablets than those receiving the
      lowest dose of LS or placebo. Gastric ulcer. 19 of 20 adult outpatients with
      endoscopically proven active benign gastric ulcers completed a double-blind 4
      week trial with either LS 519 (75 mg/day) or carbenoxolone (300 mg/day). Six of
      10 (60%) given LS and 6 of 9 (66.7%) given carbenoxolone had healed after 4 weeks
      (N.S.). Symptomatic improvement was significantly faster in the LS group than in
      the carbenoxolone group. Hypokaliemia, increases in alkaline phosphatase and SGOT
      were observed in the carbenoxolone group.

PMID- 396657
TI  - A double-blind, short-term clinical trial of pirenzepine in duodenal ulcer.
AB  - The effectiveness of pirenzepine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer was assessed
      in a double-blind clinical trial in comparison with placebo. Twenty-nine of 30
      patients satisfactorily completed the trial. There was endoscopic ulcer healing
      in 4 of 14 pirenzepine treated patients (29%) after 2 weeks of treatment and in
      11 of 14 (79%) after 6 weeks. There was no healing in 15 patients treated with
      placebo after 2 weeks and there were two ulcers healed after 6 weeks. The
      difference between pirenzepine and placebo was significant in both 2nd and 6th
      week. Duodenitis (evaluated by endoscopy) markedly improved in the pirenzepine
      grouu after 2 (4 of 9 patients) and after 6 weeks of treatment (8 of 9), while
      no, or only slight, improvement was observed in 8 of 8 patients in the placebo
      group. When evaluated by ulcer symptom relief and antacid tablet comsumption,
      pirenzepine proved to be considerable more efficacious than the placebo. The
      results of this study demonstrate that pirenzepine promoted duodenal ulcer
      healing, that it markedly improved peptic duodenitis and promoted rapid
      regression of symptomatology in parallel with endoscopic findings.

PMID- 396656
TI  - Pirenzepine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer.
AB  - The effectiveness and safety of pirenzepine (PRZ) at 150 mg daily in the
      treatment of active duodenal ulcer was studied in an open pilot clinical trial
      followed by a double-blind trial against placebo. The open pilot study showed
      that pirenzepine was well tolerated and promoted ulcer healing in the 45% of
      patients within 2 weeks of treatment and in 90% within 4 weeks. The double-blind
      trial against placebo (PL) Confirmed these results: 60% of the patients in PRZ
      group and 10% of the patients in PL group showed endoscopic ulcer healing after 2
      weeks. This difference was significant. Ninety per cent of the PRZ patients and
      50% of the PL patients were completely healed after 4 weeks. In the PRZ group,
      gastric secretory tests showed a significant decrease in B.A.O. (69%), M.A.O.
      (33%) and P.A.O. (34%) after 2 weeks. In the PL group, the same parameters had
      only a small decrease, without statistical significance. There were no
      pathological changes in laboratory findings in either the open or the double
      blind studies. Mild and transient side-effects were observed in 7 of 30 patinets
      receiving pirenzepine (diplopia and dryness of the mouth).

PMID- 396658
TI  - Pirenzepine in the treatment of gastric ulcer. A double-blind short-term clinical
      trial.
AB  - The effectiveness of pirenzepine in the treatment of gastric ulcer was assessed
      in a double-blind 6 weeks' clinical trial in comparison with placebo. After 2
      weeks of treatment 1 patient in each group showed a complete healing of gastric
      ulcer. After 6 weeks of treatment 9 out of 10 patients in the pirenzepine group
      (90%) and 4 out of 10 patients in the placebo group (40%) healed (P less than
      0.05). The relief of ulcer symptoms was significantly better in the pirenzepine
      group than in the placebo group. From the second week on, the pirenzepine-treated
      patients stopped taking antacid while placebo-treated patients went on taking it
      (P less than 0.02). The results of this study demonstrated that pirenzepine
      promotes gastric ulcer healing and induces a rapid regression of ulcer symptoms.

PMID- 396659
TI  - Pirenzepine versus cimetidine in the treatment of duodenal ulcer.
AB  - Fifty-five patients with active duodenal ulcer have completed, up to today, a one
      month double-blind trial to compare the effects of pirenzepine (150 mg daily),
      cimetidine (1 g daily) and placebo on the healing of duodenal ulcer. Fifteen
      (71%) of the 21 patients treated with pirenzepine had healed ulcers compared with
      14 (82%) receiving cimetidine (P less than 0.05. In the placebo group there were
      7 (41%) healed ulcers. Symptomatic improvement in patients given pirenzepine was
      as substantial as in cimetidine-treated patients. No adverse effects were noted.

PMID- 396660
TI  - Inhibition of pentagastrin and insulin-stimulated gastric secretion by
      pirenzepine in healthy and duodenal ulcer subjects.
AB  - The effect of i.v. pirenzepine infusion both on basal and pentagastrin and
      insulin-stimulated secretion was studied in 19 healthy and duodenal ulcer
      subjects. Following an overnight fast, gastric juice was collected for 30 minutes
      prior to the i.v. administration of pirenzepine (16 mg plus 2 mg/h for 2 hours)
      and the subsequent stimulation of gastric secretion by means of i.v. pentagastrin
      infusion (6 microgram/kg/h) or i.v. insulin injection (0.2 U/kg). Mean acid
      output was reduced--in comparison to placebo--by 22% after pentagastrin
      stimulation and by 34% after insulin stimulation.

PMID- 396661
TI  - Pirenzepine in peptic ulcer. Introduction to clinical trials reports.
AB  - The main pharmacodynamic characteristics of pirenzepine are briefly reported and
      the experimental plan of the clinical trial on pirenzepine in peptic ulcer is
      discussed.

PMID- 396662
TI  - Inflammatory bowel disease--an O.M.G.E. survey.

PMID- 396663
TI  - Acute abdominal pain--an O.M.G.E. survey.

PMID- 396664
TI  - Phase II trial of Prednimustine. Leo-1031 (NSC-134087) in acute non-lymphocytic
      leukemia.
AB  - 18 patients with acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia were treated with Prednimustine,
      a chlorambucil ester of prednisolone, as a single drug. 5 patients responded with
      falling blast counts in peripheral blood, but only 1 obtained a complete
      remission of 3 months' duration. Since the activity of Prednimustine is lower
      than that of other commonly used drugs in acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia, future
      studies should concentrate on other aspects, such as treatment of patients with
      steroid receptor-positive blast cells or other types of leukaemia.

PMID- 396665
TI  - Humoral and cellular immunity to intrinsic factor in myasthenia gravis.
AB  - Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease often associated with other
      autoimmune disorders. A case history of MG with a coexisting atypical
      megaloblastic anaemia with vitamin B12 deficiency and anti Intrinsic Factor (IF)
      antibodies, led to a study of humoral and cellular immunity to IF in 81 MG
      patients. Within this series, 3 other patients had a disturbed humoral and
      cellular immunity to IF. These 3 patients presented no other features of
      pernicious anaemia. The possible origins and significance of the anti IF
      antibodies in MG patients are discussed.

PMID- 396666
TI  - Bacterial lipopolysaccharides bind selectively to lymphocytes from
      lipopolysaccharide high-responder mouse strains.
AB  - Three different concentrations of horseradish peroxidase-labelled
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS-HRP) were added in vitro to spleen cells from the LPS
      high-responder strain C3H/Tif and to cells from the low-responder strain C3H/HeJ.
      After being washed and fixed the cells were exposed to the substrate and prepared
      for electron microscopy. After addition of 7 and 0.7 microgram/ml of labelled LPS
      only lymphocytes from the high-responder strain were labelled. About 5-10% of the
      cells from C3H/Tif bound LPS, which is in accordance with the known frequency of
      B cells possessing the genetically determined LPS receptor. At the highest dose
      of labelled LPS (70 microgram/ml) a large proportion of lymphocytes from the low
      responder strain also bound LPS. Erythrocytes from both strains bound LPS at all
      concentrations. It is concluded that LPS-HRP allows the detection at the cellular
      level of LPS binding to the genetically controlled membrane receptor for LPS.

PMID- 396667
TI  - Human monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity to K-562 cells: activation by lymphokines.
AB  - Human monocytes purified by adherence and prolonged in vitro monolayer culture
      were activated by supernatants of autologous lymphocytes stimulated with live
      bacillus Calmette-Guerin or killed Corynebacterium parvum. Activated monocytes
      expressed increased ability to lyse K-562 cells prelabelled with methyl-3H
      thymidine in a 48 h assay. Activation could be detected at a 1:64 dilution of
      lymphokine supernatants. Target cell killing by activated monocytes was strongly
      influenced by the density of the monocyte monolayer. Monocytes at an intermediate
      stage of in vitro differentiation seemed to be most response to lymphokine
      activation. Morphological studies indicated that a considerable number of K-562
      cells attach firmly to monocytes. The monocyte-mediated lysis of K-562 seems to
      be extracellular, as phagocytosis was not observed. Freshly isolated adherent
      blood mononuclear cells (greater than 90% monocytes) were strongly cytostatic to
      K-562 cells, as determined by inhibition of methyl-3H-thymidine uptake.
      Considerable cytolytic activity was also found with freshly isolated adherent
      cells, strong enhancement being produced by performing the assay in the presence
      of newborn calf serum, as opposed to human AB serum.

PMID- 396668
TI  - Hyporesponsiveness to virus antigens in rheumatoid synovial and blood lymphocytes
      using the indirect leucocyte migration inhibition test.
AB  - Mononuclear cells (MNC) from rheumatoid synovial tissue and peripheral blood were
      tested plasma pneumonia by the indirect leucocyte migration inhibition test. MNC
      from the eleven rheumatoid synovial tissues tested had deficient leucocyte
      inhibitory factor production against all antigens tested for, and this was also
      the case in the peripheral blood of seven juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patients
      (JRA). In the peripheral blood of eight rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients there
      was also generally low reactivity. However, significant differences in migration
      indexes were found with rubella viral antigen and with PPD at 5 micrigram/ml when
      zero-hour  and overnight incubations of the culture were compared. In contrast,
      MNC of peripheral blood of control donors had significant responses to PPD
      (19/19), mumps virus (7/11), rubella virus (10/19), cytomegalovirus (4/11), and
      herpes simplex type 1 virus (4/11) antigen after zero-hour culture, and no
      differences was seen after overnight incubation.

PMID- 396669
TI  - The effect of pulsed electromagnetic energy (Diapulse) on the survival of
      experimental skin flaps. A study on rats.
AB  - Experimental skin flaps in rats were treated with an active/non-active Diapulse
      unit in a double-blind trial to clarify whether or not pulsed electromagnetic
      energy had any effect on the surviving length of flaps. The observed differences
      in surviving flap areas between the Diapulse treated group and the untreated
      group as compared to the predicted survival by fluoresceine and/or vital
      capillary television microscopy were not statistically significant (p less than
      0.10) in a set up, that on a significance level of 5%, would have detected an
      enhancement of flap survival of greater than or equal to 10% in 98% of trials.

PMID- 396670
TI  - The free abdominoplasty flap and its use in breast reconstruction. An
      experimental study and clinical case report.
AB  - In search for a free microvascular flap which would give abundant reconstructive
      material as well as a satisfactory donor site the free abdominoplasty flap was
      developed. The flap is designed on the area between the umbilicus, the pubic
      region and the anterior superior iliac spines and is based on the inferior
      epigastric vessels on one side only. In eight regular abdominoplasty procedures
      elevation of this flap and keeping the blood flow intact through the isolated
      vessels did not jeoparding the viability of the flap. Angiography of the
      specimens showed a good perfusion. The free abdominoplasty flap has been used for
      breast reconstruction in 2 cases of radical mastectomy. The first was failure
      because of venous thrombosis. In the second case 3 veins were anastomosed, 2
      venae comitantes to the inferior epigastric vein and the contralateral
      superficial epigastric vein and the result was favourable.

PMID- 396671
TI  - The iron content of split skin grafts after general infiltration and percutaneous
      anaesthesia.
AB  - The iron content of split skin grafts from guinea pigs has been studied by
      flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry from the time the grafts were cut
      until the transplants had been in contact with a standardized recipient area for
      7 days. The iron content was taken as a measure of the blood content of the
      grafts. In order to relieve pain, general anaesthesia with ether, local
      anaesthesia by infiltration and local percutaneous anaesthesia with a solution of
      ketocaine. A2358, were used. At the time of cutting the grafts the iron content
      was highest when percutaneous anaesthesia had been used. After a decrease in the
      iron content in all grafts during the two first postoperative days there was an
      increasing level from the third day as a sign of revascularization. A
      stabilization of the values when general and percutaneous anaesthesia had
      preceded the operation was noted from the fifth postoperative day. The level was
      highest in the grafts cut after percutaneous anaesthesia.

PMID- 396672
TI  - Intrathoracic approach for subclavian and innominate artery reconstruction.
AB  - A subclavian or innominate artery obliteration may cause a retrograde flow in the
      vertebral artery, a subclavian steal. The steal has been associated with cerebral
      symptoms indicating vertebrobasilar ischaemia, the subclavian steal syndrome. As
      there still are no objective means of measuring the effect of the steal on the
      brain circulation, the syndrome can only be proved by experience from the results
      of surgical attempts to correct the steal. The steal was at first eliminated by
      direct reconstruction of the subclavian and innominate arteries through a
      thoracic approach. As the mortality was high, many surgeons have used cervical
      bypass procedures with considerably lower mortality. The present report is based
      on 15 years' experience with 85 patients operated on with direct artery
      reconstruction through a thoracotomy. A low mortality (1.3%) for the last ten
      years, a high patency of the reconstruction (80%) 8 years postoperatively and
      rather high rate of improvement (72%) in patients with subclavian steal syndrome
      were found. The study shows that the mortality rate with the thoracic approach
      need not necessarily be higher than with the cervical one. The high patency and
      the haemodynamically correct type of the reconstructions favour the thoracic
      approach. However, the direct reconstruction demands a technically advanced
      surgeon, who is well aquainted with the method. The results also showed that
      surgery still may be an alternative in patients with symptomatic subclavian
      steal.

PMID- 396673
TI  - Relief of chronic arterial obstruction using intravenous brinase. A control
      study.
AB  - A therapeutic trial using placebo or the thrombolytic enzyme brinase was carried
      out in a group of patients with chronic arterial obstruction. The patients were
      observed for 3 months before receiving six intravenous infusions of either saline
      or brinase over a period of 2 weeks. Ankle blood pressure, Doppler ultrasound
      scanning, and arteriography were used to establish diagnosis in the patients. No
      changes were observed during the 3-month pre-observation period. After six
      brinase infusions, recanalization of 17 out of 27 obstructed arterial segments
      was recorded and the number of patent segments increased from 11 to 27. No
      improvement was observed in the placebo-treated patients. The differences between
      brinase and placebo treatment was statistically significant.

PMID- 396675
TI  - [The development of forensic medicine at Charles University].

PMID- 396674
TI  - [Postendodontic care].

PMID- 396676
TI  - [Primary peritonitis in children].

PMID- 396677
TI  - [25 years of the Scientific Institute of Traumatology in Brno].

PMID- 396678
TI  - Superficial mycoses in a southern New Zealand district.
AB  - A total of 2,709 pathogenic fungi were isolated from 8,762 patients suspected as
      having mycotic disease, over an 8 year period in Christchurch, New Zealand. The
      district is climatically designated as temperate with average mean temperatures
      of 17 degrees C in summer and 8 degrees C in winter. The predominant species of
      fungi were relatively small in number with Trichophyton mentagrophytes var.
      interdigitals as the major pathogen. Fungi other than true dermatophytes,
      particularly Candida spp. and Malassezia furfur, were included to demonstrate the
      full spectrum of superficial mycoses presenting for diagnosis at the mycology
      clinic.

PMID- 396679
TI  - [Trial organization of the bacteriological investigation of tuberculosis in the
      inter-regional laboratory units].

PMID- 396680
TI  - Recent advances in sympathetic ophthalmia.
AB  - Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of sympathetic ophthalmia are
      helping to remove the pigmented cloud which has obstructed the view of
      researchers on this disease for many years. Clinical features, diagnostic
      testing, histopathologic variations and principles of treatment are evaluated in
      the context of our increasing understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease.
      The relationship of sympathetic ophthalmia to Harada's disease and phacoantigenic
      uveitis are reviewed.

PMID- 396682
TI  - Cineradiography in odontology.
AB  - Using cineradiographic equipment with 35 mm film, the application of
      cineradiographic technique in odontology has been investigated with special
      reference to observation of bolus-position, the mandibular movement pattern,
      chewing velocity and the stability of full dentures. The study is divided in two
      parts. In the first part an assessment is made of the theoretical and practical
      error of the method and the radiation dose is determined. In the second part
      limited studies are performed on test-subjects before and after different types
      of oral rehabilitation. The mathematically estimated geometrical errors almost
      coincided with the results of the clinical test of the distortion and, together
      with the tracing error, were of such magnitude that high precision measurements
      were not possible. By using metal indicators the error could be reduced and
      movements or differences in the X-ray film greater than 1 mm could be observed
      with good accuracy. The absorbed dose was determined using the method of
      thermoluminescent dosimetry and was found to be approximately 5 rad for a
      cineradiographic investigation of the cranium. The studies of bolus position,
      mandibular movements etc. revealed, that after oral rehabilitation the patient's
      oral behaviour may change dramatically. New occlusal surfaces were in most cases
      used for mastication after a short period of adaptation after rehabilitation. The
      mandibular movement pattern was also markedly influenced. It is concluded that
      cineradiography is very suitable for observations of intra-oral behaviour, such
      as bolus position, and for functional movement analyses. For high-precision
      measurements other methods should be used.

PMID- 396681
TI  - Vitamin metabolism and therapy in ophthalmology.
AB  - Vitamin deficiency states are important in the genesis of many ocular disorders.
      Deficiencies may be due to poor dietary intake, or to alterations in metabolism
      produced by some commonly prescribed medications or by certain diseases.
      Furthermore, some vitamins may exert important pharmacologic effects on the
      normal eye. The ocular effects of deficiencies and excesses of specific vitamins,
      and the therapeutic uses of each vitamin, are reviewed.

PMID- 396683
TI  - A simplified overdenture technique.

PMID- 396684
TI  - Bernard A. Becker.

PMID- 396685
TI  - Fetal tissues from various strains of induced mice metabolize benzo(a)pyrene to
      mutagenic metabolites.

PMID- 396686
TI  - Methyl prednisolone and lung function after cardiopulmonary bypass.
AB  - Thirty-one patients who were undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass for elective
      aortic valve replacement were studied. The effects on some aspects of lung
      function of intravenous methyl prednisolone, administered immediately before
      bypass, were assessed by measuring alveolar-arterial oxygen differences and shunt
      fractions. No significant differences in pulmonary function were found between
      the treated and control groups. The use of methyl prednisolone in this context is
      not justified.

PMID- 396687
TI  - Effect of an inhaled antihistamine (clemastine) as a bronchodilator and as a
      maintenance treatment in asthma.
AB  - Although intravenous chlorpheniramine can cause bronchodilatation, oral and
      parenteral antihistamines have not proved useful in treating asthma. Inhaled
      antihistamines may cause throat irritation, but a recent study of the
      antihistamine, clemastine, showed it to be an effective bronchodilator without
      irritant effects. We have extended these studies to determine the site of action
      of inhaled clemastine and to assess its potential usefulness both as a
      bronchodilator and as a maintenance treatment. Eleven stable asthmatic patients
      received inhaled clemastine and placebo and the effect was assessed by serial
      maximum expiratory flow volume (MEFV) curves breathing air and a helium/oxygen
      (He/O2) mixture. There was no significant improvement in peak flow rates during
      air breathing after clemastine and no significant difference between the
      responses to drug and placebo. Minor but significant changes were seen in some
      flow measurements on the downslope of the MEFV curve during air and He/O2
      breathing, and these are tentatively ascribed to a dilating effect of clemastine
      on peripheral airways where flow is laminar. Subsequent administration of inhaled
      isoprenaline showed the patients to be still capable of significant
      bronchodilatation. The addition of clemastine, from a pressurised aerosol, to the
      patients' therapeutic regimen for two weeks was no more effective than placebo in
      controlling airflow obstruction, and did not reduce the need for standard
      bronchodilators. In our patients clemastine was not a clinically useful
      bronchodilator either acutely or as a maintenance treatment for asthma.

PMID- 396688
TI  - Use of BCG as an immunostimulant after resection of carcinoma of the lung: a two
      year assessment of a trial of 500 patients.
AB  - BCG (Glaxo) (0.5 ml = 5 X 10(6) organisms) was given subdermally to 250 patients
      ten days after resection of a lung carcinoma to stimulate the immune system.
      Increased activity of lymphocytes and macrophages could possibly result in the
      destruction of small extrapulmonary tumour deposits that were previously
      unidentified. The two-year survival of this group of patients was compared with
      250 controls not receiving BCG after operation. A comparative analysis of the
      sex, histological types, and lymph node involvement in relation to the survivals
      occurring in these two groups showed that the administration of BCG by the method
      described produced a numerically greater survival rate, which was particularly
      noticeable in the women. None of these figures, however, is statistically
      significant. It would be unwise to draw any final conclusion until a five-year
      survey has been completed.

PMID- 396690
TI  - A comparison of ampicillin and amoxycillin in acute on chronic bronchitis.
AB  - Twenty-five patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis completed a
      double-blind trial of amoxycillin 1.5 g v ampicillin 4 g daily. After treatment
      for one week there was no difference between the treatments in the rates of
      achieving mucoid sputum, reduction in sputum volume, improvement in peak
      expiratory flow rate, or duration of hospital stay. In the doses studied
      ampicillin and amoxycillin are effective drugs of about equal cost.

PMID- 396689
TI  - First pass uptake of 14C-propranolol by the lung.
AB  - Uptake of 14C-propranolol by the lungs during a single passage through the
      pulmonary circulation was measured in ten patients at cardiac catheterisation.
      Mean lung uptake of propranolol was 75% in seven patients who were not previously
      taking the drug and 33% in three patients who were taking it as regular oral
      treatment. Lung uptake of propranolol in man is therefore considerable and is
      partly saturable by normal oral doses. This may alter the dose response relation
      for propranolol and a wide range of other drugs when given intravenously. The
      method used to study lung uptake is simple and might be suitable for studies of
      endothelial cell function in disease.

PMID- 396691
TI  - The optimal therapeutic range in oral anticoagulation. History and proposal.
AB  - For patients on oral anticoagulation controlled with Quick's prothrombin time
      test using rabbit brain thromboplastin American clinicians proposed in the early
      1940s that the lower limit of prolongation be taken at 1.5 and the upper limit at
      3, corresponding to 10-30% prothrombin activity on a saline dilution curve.
      Thromboplastins derived from other tissues and species were later introduced,
      methods were modified, and adsorbed plasma was used instead of saline in the
      construction of the dilution curve to obtain percentage prothrombin activity;
      ratios and percentages lost their initial significance, but too often without the
      clinicians' awareness. With the detection of PIVKAs, finally, it became clear
      that transformation of prothrombin times into percentage activity, as obtained
      from dilution curves, could never be a valid means of standardization. It also
      became evident that only direct comparison of thromboplastins with (fresh) plasma
      from patients on stabilized oral anticoagulants could be used to determine
      equivalent therapeutic ranges for different types of thromboplastins. Reference
      thromboplastins were established and calibration procedures developed. A series
      of well-controlled clinical trials has provided sufficient information to define,
      in terms of these reference thromboplastins, therapeutic ranges for the
      prophylaxis and treatment of venous as well as arterial thrombosis. Definition of
      the ranges in terms of the biochemical defect induced by coumarin congeners
      remains, however, to be established.

PMID- 396692
TI  - In memoriam Ernst Derra (1901-1979).

PMID- 396693
TI  - Recurring pulmonary embolism after migration of a retained transvenous pacemaker
      electrode.

PMID- 396694
TI  - Effect of weak-, non-, and co-carcinogenic chemicals on 2-acetylaminofluorene
      induced mutation in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The effects of various weak, non-, and co-carcinogenic chemicals on 2
      acetylaminofluorene-induced mutation in Salmonella typhimurium were studied. We
      found that a single co-mutagen could provide for either enhanced or decreased
      mutagenesis. A differential effect on mutagenic expression was dependent upon:
      (1) the type of inducer of S-9 (supernatant from liver homogenate centrifuged at
      9000 x g) liver enzymes; (2) the amount of S-9 enzyme preparation employed; and
      (3) the combined dose of mutagen plus co-mutagen studied. No effect was observed
      in the absence of S-9. Our data suggest that in S. typhimurium a primary factor
      in the alteration of mutagenesis by a combination of chemicals is changes in
      metabolism of the principal mutagen.

PMID- 396695
TI  - Biological activity of nitrosated cimetidine.

PMID- 396696
TI  - The neurohypophyseal peptides: biosynthesis, biological role and prospects of use
      in neuropsychiatric therapy.

PMID- 396697
TI  - Prostaglandins in circulatory disorders.

PMID- 396698
TI  - The pattern of parasitic infection in villages of Lagos state, Nigeria.

PMID- 396699
TI  - Electron microscopic studies on Blastocrithidia triatomae Cerisola et al. 1971
      (Trypanosomatidae).
AB  - In the bug Triatoma infestans developmental stages of Blastocrithidia tritomae,
      which can be mistaken for T. cruzi during xenodiagnosis, were studied by means of
      electron microscopy. It turned out that three different forms appeared during the
      progressive divisions: "micro-", "pro-" and epimastigotes. The morphological
      study revealed significant criteria for a distinction from T. cruzi stages.
      Furthermore cyst-like bodies were observed often attached to the flagella of the
      different stages. As revealed by the presence of labyrinthine structures found in
      flagellated stages and in the cyst stages the latter were suggested as being
      specific cysts to be excreted with the feces and thus to establish new infections
      in other bugs. Apart from the cyst-like structures a comparison with the
      organelles known from other Trypanosomatidae showed only slight variations. A
      tubular cytopharynx-like structure, which was lined by microtubules, and the way
      of attachment of the flagellum to the surface of the host cell has not been
      described in Blastocrithidia before.

PMID- 396700
TI  - Antimalarial activity of the optical isomers of chloroquine diphosphate.
AB  - Optically pure d- and l-Chloroquine Diphosphate were examined for their efficacy
      against Plasmodium berghei in mice. The d-enantiomer is significantly more
      effective than the corresponding l-enantiomer, and in subcurative doses the d
      enantiomer is also signficantly more active than the racemate. This increased
      activity  has however no influence upon Chloroquine-resistant strains of P.
      berghei. The LD50 in non-infected mice is higher for the d-enantiomer than for
      either the racemate or the l-enantiomer when mice were treated orally one and 4
      times. These differences in efficacy and toxicity between the d- and l-enantiomer
      of Chloroquine are however not as pronounced as those found for the enantiomers
      of many other drugs and furthermore these differences are limited to subcurative
      doses.

PMID- 396702
TI  - Research in tuberculosis. A report of a committee set up by the Medical Research
      Council to study future prospects.

PMID- 396701
TI  - Controlled trial of 6-month and 8-month regimens in the treatment of pulmonary
      tuberculosis: the results up to 24 months.

PMID- 396703
TI  - [Brain peptide-hydrolase activity in hypothermia].
AB  - The cooling of rats to the body temperature of 30 and 25 degrees C does not
      change acidic peptide-hydrolase activity in tissue homogenates of cerebral
      cortex, hypothalamus, thalamus, hippocampus, midbrain, cerebellum and medulla
      oblongata. In deep hypothermia (to 20 degrees C) there occurs a significant
      increase in the peptide-hydrolase activity in tissue of the studied brain areas
      both in an incubation sample at 37 degrees C, and at temperature corresponding to
      the body temperature of cooled animals (20 degrees C). But the enzyme activity
      remains unchanged in homogenates of medulla oblongata incubation at 37 degrees C.

PMID- 396705
TI  - [Pulmonary atelectasis caused by bronchocentric aspergillosis: an other farmer's
      pneumoconiosis].

PMID- 396706
TI  - Comparison of glucose tolerance, serum insulin, serum lipids and skinfold
      thickness between 50- and 60-year-old men.
AB  - Two apparently healthy male groups, one 60 (n = 67) and one 50 (n = 367) years of
      age were compared with respect to blood glucose, serum lipid and serum insulin
      concentration and intravenous glucose tolerance. These groups were recruited from
      two health surveys performed on male populations of these ages in the
      municipality of Uppsala. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the two health
      survey populations were 4.5% and 0.9%, respectively. No significant differences
      in serum triglycerides, serum cholestrol and fasting serum insulin concentrations
      were found between the two age groups. Significantly higher k-values and higher
      early serum insulin response to i.v. glucose were found in the younger than in
      the older age group. The older age group was more obese, than the younger group.
      It is concluded that the prevalence of diabetes increases considerably in males
      between 50 and 60 years of age. In parallel, the prevalence of decreased glucose
      tolerance is increasing, which might partly be explained by increased body weight
      and partly by an impaired pancreatic beta-cell function.

PMID- 396704
TI  - [Epidemiology of coronary disease].

PMID- 396707
TI  - The effects of endogenous hypergastrinemia and hypogastrinemia on the exocrine
      and endocrine rat pancreas.
AB  - The effects of endogenous hypergastrinemia and hypogastrinemia on the exocrine
      and endocrine pancreas were studied in the rat. Hypergastrinemia was induced by
      antral exclusion, and hypogastrinemia by antral resection. The studies were made
      14 weeks after surgery. The total weight of the pancreas was increased both in
      hypergastrinemic and hypogastrinemic animals, due to hypertrophy of the exocrine
      cells. In contrast, the volume and total weight of the pancreatic islets were
      decreased. There was no numerical difference in the A-, D-, PP-cells between the
      hyper- and hypogastrinemic animals, respectively, and the controls. The number of
      insulin-producing (B-) cells was certainly reduced after the induction of
      hypogastrinemia. There was, however, signs of increased B-cell activity, which
      might contribute to an underestimation of the number of B-cells with the
      technique used. These findings do not support the hypothesis that antral gastrin
      has trophic influence on either exocrine or endocrine pancreas.

PMID- 396708
TI  - [Immunofluorescence of urinary bacteria in children with nonspecific bacterial
      diseases of the urinary organs].

PMID- 396710
TI  - [T-, B- and O-lymphocytes in the early periods after a kidney allograft].

PMID- 396709
TI  - [Protective action of pharmacological preparations on kidney metabolism and
      structure in experimental thermal ischemia].

PMID- 396711
TI  - [Plastic repair of the urinary channel in epispadias].

PMID- 396712
TI  - [Stanislav Iakovlevich Doletskii (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 396713
TI  - [On the 60th birthday of I. F. Iunda].

PMID- 396715
TI  - [Immunoenzymatic detection of Newcastle diseases virus antigen].

PMID- 396717
TI  - [35 years of socialist Bulgaria].

PMID- 396716
TI  - [Antagonistic activity of colibacterin].

PMID- 396714
TI  - [In memoriam Prof. F. de Gironcoli].

PMID- 396718
TI  - [Immunobiological activity of various blood serum fractions from cattle and
      swine. The dynamics of Ig in specific serum against colibacillosis in pigs].
AB  - The level of the IgM and IgG agglutinating antibody specific hyperimmune serum
      against coli-bacteriosis and its fractions were studied. The serum was obtained
      at various stages of the preparation, hyperimmunization and exploitation of serum
      producing swine by using the 2-mercapto-ethanol test. It was established that
      serum of the total globulin, alpha-beta-globulin and gamma-globulin fractions
      contains IgM and IgG agglutinating antibodies against E. coli. These
      immunoglobulin classes are synthetized at all stages of serum producing swine
      preparation, hyperimmunization and exploitation. The quantitative IgM:IgG ratios
      at the individual stages vary. At the initial stages and until the 10th cycle of
      exsanguination (phlebotomy) IgM antibodies predominate. After that, at the
      following stages IgG antibodies begin gradually to predominate. Up to the 20th
      cycle of exsanguination both globulins are synthetized, but the 2-mercapto
      ethanol non-sensitive IgG antibodies are in greater quantity.

PMID- 396720
TI  - [Serological diagnosis of trichinosis using the indirect immunofluorescence
      technic (IIT), bentonite flocculation test (BFT) and latex agglutination test
      (LAT)].

PMID- 396719
TI  - An example of 'naturally occurring' anti-Jsa (K6) in a Japanese female.
AB  - Anti-Jsa was found in a Japanese female who had never received a transfusion and
      had borne 3 Jsa-negative children. The antibody agglutinated Jsa cells suspended
      in saline and treated with proteolytic enzymes as well as reacting with those
      cells by the indirect antiglobulin test. This example is the first reported
      'naturally occurring' anti-Jsa.

PMID- 396721
TI  - Report on Trichinella spiralis in Federal Republic of Germany 1977-1978. 1.
      Serological examination in humans for trichinellosis.

PMID- 396722
TI  - [Hormonal and functional parameters in hyperprolactinaemia (author's transl)].
AB  - 58 women with raised serum prolactin levels and normal hypophyseal X-ray
      parameters were subdivided into three groups according to the serum prolactin
      level (16 to 40, 41 to 80, greater than 80 ng/ml). In addition to the
      determination of LH, FSH, oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone in the serum
      and thyroid diagnostic procedures the following hormonal tests were performed: 1.
      response to gestagen; 2. response to clomiphene; 3. Gn-RH-test for hypophyseal
      function; 4. ovarian response to administered gonadotropins (only in cases with
      prolactin levels administered gonadotropins (only in cases with prolactin levels
      greater than 80 ng/ml). The grade of menstrual cycle disorders depends on the
      severity of the observed hyperprolactinaemia. Slight disorders like luteal phase
      insufficiency, anovulatory cycle and oligomenorrhoea are associated with low- or
      medium-grade hyperprolactinaemia. Mainly secondary, but also primary amenorrhoea
      is found in cases with higher serum prolactin levels (greater than 80 ng/ml). In
      these cases the hypophyseal response to Gn-RH is frequently found (61%) to be
      negative and, moreover, the ovarian response to administered gonadotropins seems
      to be diminished. Increasing HPRL levels often appear to be associated with a
      negative response to the other above-mentioned tests.

PMID- 396723
TI  - Chitin structures of the cell walls of synchronously grown virgin cells of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The ability of a lytic beta-glucanase of Arthrobacter GJM-1 to dissolve cell
      walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with exception of the chitin-containing
      fraction was employed for the isolation of chitin-rich residues of the cell walls
      of synchronously growing populations of virgin cells. Electron microscopical
      examination of such wall residues isolated from cells at various stages of the
      budding cycle showed that the first phase of chitin deposition in the wall
      corresponds to the formation of an annular structure found as a part of the bud
      scar after cell division. The annular chitin-rich structure could not be isolated
      at cell cycle stages preceding the bud emergence and at earliest stages of bud
      development. The observations confirmed that the annular structure (chitin ring)
      formed during bud growth represents a major part of total chitin present in the
      bud scar after septum closure.

PMID- 396725
TI  - Dynamics of anaerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the chemostat.
AB  - A kinetic Monod model has been used to describe the dynamic response of a
      continuous stirred tank fermentor (CSTF) to changes in dilution rate. A general
      analytical solution of a linearized model was obtained. Experimental results
      (Vairo et al. 1977) of continuous anaerobic culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      have verified the model quantitatively. For step disturbances on the dilution
      rate the responses of biomass concentration and the outlet substrate
      concentration were calculated on a digital computer and compared with the
      experimental data.

PMID- 396724
TI  - [Different composition of the cell wall polysaccharides in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae S288 and in an osmosis sensitive mutant].
AB  - Determination of the polysaccharide contents and structural studies on the mannan
      by acetolysis and permethylation analysis shows an altered polysaccharide
      biosynthesis of the osmotic-sensitive mutant VY 1160 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      S 288. The mutant contains more glucan, less mannan, and less alkali-soluble
      glycogen. Its mannan is characterized by more short side chains and less long
      side chains. Its main chain is 1 leads to 6-linked, but its side chains consist
      of more 1 leads to 3- than 1 leads to 2-linked mannose units.

PMID- 396726
TI  - [Methods for the characterization of glucose turnover and the peripheral insulin
      resistance in human prediabetic conditions].

PMID- 396728
TI  - Behavioral parasitology and perspectives on miracidial host-finding.
AB  - This paper proposes and outlines a new interdiscipline, 'behavioral
      parasitology,' and presents some interpretations in one of the leading themes of
      this field, miracidial chemosensitivity to snails. Controversies over miracidial
      attraction and species-specificity are considered from the standpoints of the
      distinction between taxis and kinesis, the need for a stimulus gradient, and the
      possibility of an early phase in a miracidium's behavior adapted for dispersal
      rather than host-finding. Some of the many possible organic stimulants are
      discussed with regard to quantitative production by snails, sensory thresholds of
      the parasites, and possible interaction with inorganic ions. Organic and
      inorganic stimulants are considered to possibly form qualitative as well as
      quantitative gradients. A thermodynamic interpretation of miracidial klinokinesis
      as a function of stimulant concentration suggests the existence of two or more
      separate types of receptors for the same stimulant, one with a higher affinity
      for the stimulant and mediating a weaker klinokinesis (possibly a long-range
      receptor as compared to the other.

PMID- 396727
TI  - [Hormone analyses and ultrasound examinations in high-risk early weeks of
      pregnancy (author's transl)].
AB  - The serum concentrations of HCG, HPL, progesterone and oestriol and ultrasonic
      findings were compared with one another in 42 women with normal pregnancy course,
      51 women with haemorrhages and abortion and 27 women with haemorrhages and
      delivery on time. Correct diagnosis was most frequently possible with the help of
      ultrasound examination. However, it was possible to improve the accuracy of the
      diagnosis before the twelfth week of pregnancy by means of hormone analysis. If
      the hormone concentrations were normal, whereas ultrasound findings were either
      negative or not clear, intact pregnancy could be assumed. HCG and progesterone
      determination possessed the advantage of being reliably measurable even before
      cessation of menstrual bleeding. From the eighth to ninth weeks of pregnancy,
      determinations of HPL were also suitable for assessing endocrinal functions.
      After the twelfth week of pregnancy, the pregnancy conditions could be judged
      most safely by the ultrasound method.

PMID- 396729
TI  - Pathology of Anopheles stephensi after infection with Plasmodium berghei berghei.
      I. Mortality rate.
AB  - The mortality of P. berghei-infected Anopheles stephensi females can be about 30%
      higher during the first three days than in normal blood-fed mosquitoes. As
      expected the mortality is higher after feeding on highly infected mice but also
      depends on the date of feeding and the temperature. Infected mosquitoes kept at
      25 degrees C die more often than those kept at 21 degrees C. On the other hand
      sporozoite production needs the low temperature of 21 degrees C. So the
      sporozoite production rate falls with increasing temperature, and the mortality
      rate increases.

PMID- 396730
TI  - Pathology of Anopheles stephensi after infection with Plasmodium berghei berghei.
      II. Changes in amino acid contents.
AB  - Infection with Plasmodium berghei results in the disease of a relatively high
      percentage of mosquitoes depending on the experimental conditions. The damage
      caused by the parasites may be so severe that the host dies. It can also become
      manifest for instance in a change in the amino acid content of the mosquito
      homogenate. The amino acid content of mosquitoes fed on a glucose solution,
      normal mouse blood, or the blood of infected mice was analysed qualitatively and
      quantitatively over a period of 14 days. The amino acids lysine, phenylalanine,
      proline, threonine, and tyrosine are always found in higher concentrations in
      infected mosquitoes. The content of leucine (and/or isoleucine) increased from
      the 6th day and glutamic acid from the 9th day compared to the controls. Lower
      concentrations were found for alanine, aspartic acid, glycine, and serine as
      compared to uninfected mosquitoes. Further investigations on this subject might
      help to find the causes for the susceptibility or resistance of individual
      mosquitoes to plasmodia.

PMID- 396731
TI  - Soy-based formula for infantile diarrhoea: a controlled trial.

PMID- 396732
TI  - Nutritional studies of the south east peasant diet: studies on the effect of
      malarial infection (Plasmodium berghei) on serum protein and trace element
      concentrations in rats offered a peasants' diet.

PMID- 396733
TI  - Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder. Case reports and review of
      literature.

PMID- 396734
TI  - Use of palm oil on the treatment of wounds.

PMID- 396736
TI  - [Filling materials for the region of the front teeth; a review].

PMID- 396735
TI  - [In memory of Fritz Riemann].

PMID- 396737
TI  - Differential survival of Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter
      aerogenes on lettuce in the field.
AB  - Artificial contamination of young lettuce plants with Salmonella typhi (ST),
      Escherichia coli (EC), and Enterobacter aerogenes (EA) in the field in winter and
      summer resulted in presence of the pathogen and increased density of the two
      indicator bacteria (IB) in harvested produce. Viable counts of the three
      bacteria/g fresh weight declined at a decreasing rate with increasing time after
      contamination. The overall pattern of variation of the ST/IB ratio was correlated
      more closely with changes in the ST/EA than in the ST/EC ratio values. When
      viable counts were expressed as a proportion of the contaminating dose at
      different times after contamination, however, a closer similarity existed between
      ST and EC than between ST and EA values throughout winter and through the early
      part of summer experiments.

PMID- 396738
TI  - Some biological characteristics of Escherichia coli strains isolated from acute
      diarrhoeal diseases of infants.
AB  - The aim of this study was to evaluate the methods of biological characterization
      of Escherichia coli strains, in order to use them as screening tests in clinical
      microbiological laboratories. In two thirds of the 45 E. coli, isolated from
      acute intestinal infection of infants, different factors of virulence were found.
      The strains showed prevalently an enterotoxigenic character (66,6%), which was in
      correlation with the increased permeability (62,2%). Adhesive properties were
      present in 20% of E. coli independent of their enterotoxigenicity; only 11,1% of
      the strains had penetrating abilities. The rabbit skin model seems to be accurate
      and quick for ETEC screening purposes, as is the guinea-pig eye for the EIEC. The
      mouse intestinal loop has been found sensitive but time-consuming. The infant
      mouse model is simple and quick, but in this study it has not given optimal
      results. The Vero cell culture system is simple and easy to perform, but at least
      for some strains the preparations should be concentrated. The investigation of
      adhesiveness by haemagglutination is possible to conduct in every small clinical
      laboratory. Our opinion is, however, that after the isolation of E. coli from
      different pathological materials, the determination of the antigenic structure of
      the strains is necessary and later on the additional biological characterization
      should be performed.

PMID- 396739
TI  - [Influence of glucose-6-phosphate and inorganic phosphate on the resistance of
      Klebsiella species and E. coli towards fosfomycin (author's transl)].

PMID- 396740
TI  - [Differentiation of Klebsiella pneumoniae variatio "oxytoca" (author's transl)].
AB  - Altogether 268 strains of Klebsiella were investigated with respect to their
      ability to ferment dulcitol and to produce indole, gelatinase, and brown pigment
      on a medium containing gluconate and ferric citrate. In addition the capacity of
      the strains to use m-hydroxybenzoic acid as sole source of carbon and energy was
      tested. Of the 83 indole-positive Klebsiella strains 72 (87%) were able to grow
      on the m-hydroxybenzoic acid medium, whereas only 2 (1%) of the indole-negative
      strains did so. Late liquefaction of gelatin occurred in 66 (80%) of the indole
      positive strains. The ability of the indole-positive Klebsiella strains to use m
      hydroxybenzoic acid as sole carbon source supports the view that these strains
      should be grouped in a separate taxon, which may be named Klebsiella oxytoca; it
      also provides a simple additional test for the identification of these strains.

PMID- 396742
TI  - A finding of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in well water.
AB  - From a sample of non-treated, non chlorinated well water a Yersinia
      pseudotuberculosis II strain was isolated. The water had been apparently
      massively contaminated because the strain was isolated from 1 ml of the sample.
      The serotype II of Y. pseudotuberculosis occurs very rarely as aetiological agent
      of human and animal infections.

PMID- 396741
TI  - Serotyping of Serratia marcescens: simplified tube O-agglutination test and
      comparison with other serological procedures.
AB  - A simplified tube O-agglutination test was developed and evaluated for the
      determination of somatic serogroup (O) antigens of Serratia marcescens. Use was
      made of Tryptic Soy broth (TSB)-grown O-cells that had been boiled for 1 hour;
      0.145 M NaCl proved a satisfactory diluent. Various technical parameters of this
      test were examined as well. Rabbit anti-O immune sera, that had been elicited
      with 5 x concentrated, TSB-grown, 1 hour-boiled O-cells of all 15 currently
      employed O-antigen reference strains of S. marcescens yielded satisfactory O
      agglutinin titers. The tube O-agglutination test compared favorably with the
      indirect hemagglutination technic, although the latter technic yielded
      significantly higher O-agglutinin titers with merely 7 of the 15 O-antigens of S.
      marcescens. The tube O-agglutination test permitted detection of higher O
      agglutinin titers than a microtiter O-agglutination test utilizing O-cells that
      had been stained with safranin O. Conversely, titers obtained with TTC-stained O
      cells in a microtiter agglutination procedure approximated those yielded by the
      tube O-agglutination test, but O-cells of the various S. marcescens strains were
      stained nonuniformly by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). As before, there
      existed marked serologic cross-reactivity between O-antigens O6 and O14. A new O6
      candidate strain, S. marcescens isolate S 1i, serotype O6:H20, was proposed.
      Contrary to O-agglutinins of human control serum, the O-agglutinins of rabbit
      anti-O immune sera proved refractory to treatment with 0.1 M of 2-mercaptoethanol
      (2-ME) and 0.01 M dithiothreitol (DTT) respectively. Dual absorptions of rabbit
      anti-O immune sera with killed cells of Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (protein
      A), failed to significantly reduce O-agglutinin titers, although human IgG and
      IgM was bound by protein A. It was tentatively concluded that the 2-ME- and DTT
      refractory rabbit anti-S. marcescens O-agglutinins resided in the IgM
      immunoglobulin class.

PMID- 396743
TI  - [Influence of DC-field containing residual waves and the Faraday cage on the
      formation of immunobiological reactions under changing duration of exposure
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 396744
TI  - [High voltage power station to study the influence of the DC-field with
      superimposed AC-field on humans (author's transl)].
AB  - Due to the great progress in electrical engineering man is exposed to electric
      fields in a high degree. However, the effect of the electric field has not been
      definitely cleared up till now. The following parameters are of decisive
      importance: Field intensity- Frequency-Shape of curve-Boundary conditions. As
      scientific investigations can only be reproduced and accepted when the
      experimental conditions are clearly defined, a station meeting these requirements
      has been developed. It consists of Testing room: Electric screen damping higher
      than 80 dB-Magnetic screen damping higher than 45 dB-large, cased ceiling
      electrode. Control room: Same as testing room, but no screening. High voltage
      generator: a) DC-Voltage 0-20 kV ripple & noise less than 0.01%; b) Alternating
      voltage 0-300 Vss frequency 5 Hz-50 kHz; c) combination of a) and b).

PMID- 396746
TI  - [In memoriam. Prof. Ignacio Chavez (1898-1979)].

PMID- 396745
TI  - [Experimental infections of dogs with streptococci, pasteurella and mycoplasma.
      II. Immunopathological renal findings].

PMID- 396748
TI  - Chromosomes of Triatominae I: Haploid karyotypes of three species in the genus
      Rhodnius (hemiptera: Reduviidae).

PMID- 396747
TI  - Antagonism studies: effects of penicillamine enantiomorphs on mercury chloride
      and its bis-dl-penicillamine chelate.

PMID- 396750
TI  - Chromosomes of Triatominae III: Karyotypes studies of triatona Pallidipennis stal
      (hemiptera: reduviidae).

PMID- 396749
TI  - Chromosomes of Triatominae II: Karyotypes studies of five species in the genus
      Rhodnius (Hemiptera: reduviidae).

PMID- 396753
TI  - [Studies on a plasminogen activating system in human milk: IV. Difference in the
      binding to fibrin between human milk plasminogen activator (mild activator) and
      urokinase (author's transl)].

PMID- 396752
TI  - [The gluconate metabolism in E. coli study of a mutant deleted in the bioH-asd
      region of the chromosomic map (author's transl)].

PMID- 396751
TI  - [Effects of quinidine on ventricular function: a clinical and
      phonomecanocardiographic study (author's transl)].

PMID- 396754
TI  - [Socialized medicine].

PMID- 396755
TI  - [Hypertension in chronic renal insufficiency. Therapeutic problems].

PMID- 396756
TI  - Henning Andersen in memoriam. A collection of papers on paediatric endocrinology.

PMID- 396757
TI  - Combined test of hypothalamic-pituitary function in growth retarded children
      treated with growth hormone. I. Secretion of growth hormone and somatomedin
      before and after treatment.
AB  - In 23 growth retarded children two consecutive insulin tolerance tests (ITT) were
      performed to establish a diagnosis of growth hormone (GH) deficiency. Nine
      children did not respond (GH peak value less than 8 mU/1), whereas 14 were
      classified as having partial GH deficiency (GH peak value less than 20 mU/1). All
      were treated for an average period of 40 months with human growth hormone (HGH).
      In a combined stimulation test at the end of the treatment period 9 children
      demonstrated a persistent GH deficiency, whereas a normal response was found in
      14 of the previous partial GH deficient children. During treatment the monthly
      growth rate rose from 0.21 cm 0.58 cm in the GH deficient children and from 0.31
      cm to 0.70 cm in the partial deficient children, in most of whom spontaneous
      pubertal development occurred during treatment. Somatomedin (SM) values were
      decreased in the GH deficient children before and after treatment but increased
      to normal levels during treatment. Growth velocity in these children during
      treatment was correlated to SM values before treatment. In the partial GH
      deficient children SM values were subnormal before but normal after treatment.
      This supports the assumption that in some children with constitutional delay in
      puberty a reversible functional hypopituitarism exists, which is normalized after
      the onset of puberty, due to androgens sensitizing growth hormone releasing
      mechanisms. Treatment with HGH may induce increased growth velocity in some of
      these patients.

PMID- 396759
TI  - Nutritional state and endotoxin fever of newborn rabbits.
AB  - At thermoneutral environments 6-10 day-old well-fed rabbits responded to 20
      microgram/kg I.V. E. coli endotoxin with biphasic fever: temperature peaks at 60
      and 120-150, and a transient fall between 60 and 90 min after endotoxin
      injection. In rabbits starved for 24 hours, and in runt rabbits body temperature
      did not rise, but a decline started 60 min after endotoxin administration,
      corresponding to the transient fall observed in well-fed animals and continuing
      until about the 100-120th min; thereafter body temperature tended to stabilize at
      the low level.

PMID- 396758
TI  - Endotoxin fever in the rat.
AB  - In rats intravenous injections of E. coli endotoxin at thermoneutral or slightly
      warmer environmental temperatures resulted in biphasic febrile response: two
      rises of temperature being separated by a transient fall. At an ambient
      temperature of 20 degrees C the change in body temperature still had a biphasic
      pattern, however, the fall was the dominant change. Each part of the response was
      the result of a coordinated reaction which involved heat production mechanisms
      (including interscapular and periaortic brown fat thermogenesis) and heat loss
      effectors (tail vasomotor changes) separately or in combination. Beside ambient
      temperature, the initial body temperature at the start of endotoxin action
      exerted an important role in determining which of the effector functions would be
      involved in the response.

PMID- 396760
TI  - Species differences in the effect of isoproterenol and pindolol on renin release
      in vitro.
AB  - The effects of selective beta adrenergic receptor stimulation with isoproterenol
      (3 X 10(-8) M) and of beta adrenergic blockade with pindolol (3 X 10(-5) M) on
      the renin release in vitro were investigated in incubated canine and rat kidney
      slices. Bioassay was used to measure the renin content of the tissue samples and
      incubation media; renin content in the canine incubation medium was measured also
      by radioimmunoassay. Isoproterenol in a concentration of 3 X 10(-8) M brought
      about a significant increase in the renin content of the incubation media as well
      as the tissue slices obtained from canine kidney, however, there was no change in
      these parameters under similar conditions if rat kidneys were incubated.
      Pindolol, on the other hand, in a concentration of 3 X 10(-5) M caused a
      significant decrease in the renin release from as well as in the renin content of
      the rat kidney slices, while canine kidney slices failed to respond to the same
      dose of the drug. The differences between the two species is suggested to be due
      to the differences in basal renin levels.

PMID- 396761
TI  - Changes of plasma renin and renal renin concentration in HgCl2 induced acute
      renal failure in rats.
AB  - Acute renal failure (ARF) was produced by the single intraperitoneal injection of
      3 mg/kg mercuric chloride (HgCl2) in male Wistar rats. Immediately after, and in
      the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 24th and 48th hour after HgCl2 administration the following
      variables were monitored: plasma renin concentration (PRC), renal renin
      concentration (RRC) blood-urea nitrogen (BUN), plasma sodium (PNa), plasma
      creatinine (PCr) concentrations and haematocrit (Ht). Haematocrit and PNa
      increased during the first hour and returned to the control value in the 3rd
      hour. Thereafter, their level remained unchanged. Plasma renin concentration
      increased threefold during the first six hours after the HgCl2 injection,
      however, by the 48th hour it returned to the control value. In the first 24 hours
      of ARF, RRC remained unchanged. However, by the 48th hour its level increased
      four times the control value. After mercury injection BUN and PCr increased
      progressively. We were not able to establish any significant correlation between
      the changes of PRC and BUN. A gradual increase of RRC was observed in the course
      of ARF.

PMID- 396762
TI  - Diurnal rhythm of secretory activity of certain endocrine glands in rats exposed
      to high-altitude hypoxia.

PMID- 396764
TI  - Evidence for a dopaminergic pathway in the rat descending from the A11 cell group
      to the spinal cord.

PMID- 396763
TI  - Neurohormonal control of thirst.

PMID- 396765
TI  - Shigella dysenteriae 1-like cytotoxic enterotoxins produced by Salmonella
      strains.
AB  - A Salmonella enteritidis strain produced a cytotoxin in addition to heat-labile
      (LT) and heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins. Two strains of serotypes Salmonella
      kapemba and Salmonella thompson were LT and ST negative, but exhibited a
      cytotoxic effect. After Sephadex G-100 fractionation of the crude S. enteritidis
      material, some high and low molecular fractions had both cytotonic and cytotoxic
      activities. Of the two other salmonellae, only some high molecular fractions
      contained the cytotoxic substance. Neutralization experiments revealed an
      antigenic relationship between the cytotoxins studied and Shigella dysenteriae 1
      enterotoxin. On the basis of cross neutralization and other data, it seems that
      cytotoxic and LT-like characters are carried by the same molecule. In S. thompson
      and S. kapemba the LT fails to exert a biological effect, although it is
      antigenically related to the LT of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 396766
TI  - Antitoxic immunity against the so-called lung toxin produced by Escherichia coli.
AB  - Cross neutralization test with antisera to crude haemolysins produced by some
      Escherichia coli strains indicated that there were no antigenic differences among
      the haemolysins tested. These crude preparates showed definite cytotoxicity which
      could also be cross neutralized by "antihaemolysin" sera. Neutralization
      experiments were performed in mouse lung test with homologous and heterologous
      anti-haemolysin sera, and with O and OK sera to the wild type strain and its
      toxic R mutant. The results showed that the immunity in the mouse lung model is
      antitoxic and antibacterial.

PMID- 396767
TI  - The effect of continuous human lymphokine treatment on skin graft rejection in
      mice.
AB  - Continuous intraperitoneal treatment with human lymphokines produced by Con-A
      stimulated peripheral human lymphocytes caused the acceleration of skin graft
      rejection in mice.

PMID- 396768
TI  - An altered heart-labile enterotoxin (LT') produced by Escherichia coli serogroup
      O55 strain.
AB  - An Escherichia coli serogroup O55 strain produced heat-labile enterotoxin only,
      which exerted unusual effects on cell cultures; it caused elongation of CHO and
      HeLa cells but no changes in Y-1 cells. Injection of this substance, designated
      LT', into mouse foot pad and rabbit skin caused a well-expressed necrotic effect
      beside the LT-like activity. LT' showed no cytotoxic effect and failed to produce
      mouse lung oedema. The strain was not haemolytic. According to Sephadex G-100
      fractionation, the LT' had a high molecular weight. The LT' and the necrotic
      activities could not be separated by fractionation. Neutralization experiments
      suggested an antigenic relationship between LT and LT'. The antigenic deficiency
      of LT' was closely related to the common antigenic component of LT and
      choleragen. The necrotic effect caused by crude LT' was neutralized only by the
      homologous serum.

PMID- 396769
TI  - In memoriam Lorand Kesztyus.

PMID- 396770
TI  - Bacterial endotoxins and host immune responses.

PMID- 396771
TI  - Responses to infection with metazoan and protozoan parasites in mice.

PMID- 396772
TI  - Hypercholesterolemia in childhood.

PMID- 396773
TI  - Adolescent sexuality.

PMID- 396774
TI  - Lactation.

PMID- 396775
TI  - Evaluation of acute and insidious gait disturbance in children less than five
      years of age.

PMID- 396776
TI  - Meconium in health and in disease.

PMID- 396777
TI  - Chronic obstructive lung disease.

PMID- 396778
TI  - The thyroid: recent advances in normal and abnormal physiology.

PMID- 396779
TI  - HLA, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and other disease associations.

PMID- 396780
TI  - Activation of the complement system by antibody-antigen complexes: the classical
      pathway.

PMID- 396781
TI  - Motions in proteins.

PMID- 396782
TI  - [Carl Heinrich Stratz (1858 to 1924), one of the first researchers in growth and
      development--chronological tables of his life and work (author's transl)].
AB  - Review of education, life and work of C.H. Stratz. First a clinical gynecologist
      and always earning his living from this profession, he was interested in the
      problems of somatic and regional anthropology. After 1900 he became more and more
      engaged in observations of the child's development from the new-born to the
      adolescent. His publications, especially his graphs and pictures of morphological
      changes in the childs body and the signs of puberty, have the following years
      deeply influenced our knowledge on "orthology" within the medical problems of
      youth.

PMID- 396783
TI  - Interrelationships of Escherichia coli and Salmonella contamination in sausages
      processed by salting, smoking and dehydration.

PMID- 396784
TI  - Sigmund Freud in high school.

PMID- 396785
TI  - The development of early Chinese Communist health policy: health care in the
      Border Region, 1936-1949.
AB  - This paper examines the health care policy and program of the Chinese Communists
      in their earliest stages of development. An assessment of 1) political policy, 2)
      public health campaigns, 3) medical services, 4) public health education, and 5)
      medical education, indicates that the role of the health delivery scheme was
      primarily to mobilize mass support for the government, and to change popular
      health behavior, thereby improving the health of the people and lessening demand
      on scarce medical facilities. An analysis of the Border Region's health program
      from 1936 to 1949 gives us an insight into the strategy of a revolutionary
      government to win popular support and to effect social change.

PMID- 396787
TI  - [A basic and clinical study on application of HAuC14 to endodontic therapy by
      means of iontophoresis (author's transl)].

PMID- 396786
TI  - [Birth, life, death and survival of cocaine].

PMID- 396788
TI  - [Study on emotional changes in children under dental treatment. 2. Changes in
      internal behavior triggered by a variety of dental stimuli (author's transl)].

PMID- 396789
TI  - [The dimensional change of dental stone inside impression material (part 2)
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 396790
TI  - Histopathology of CNS leukemia and complications of therapy.
AB  - An understanding of the pathology of central nervous system (CNS) leukemia has
      evolved slowly. Observations in the 19th century clearly established CNS leukemia
      as a disease involving the leptomeninges. Although infiltration of the
      leptomeninges by leukemic cells remains the principal CNS lesion in patients with
      this disease, other histopathologic changes have become evident with the
      development of antileukemic therapy. During the early years of chemotherapy, as
      patient survival increased, the effects of chronic meningeal leukemia, e.g.,
      increased intracranial pressure, became prominent. Only recently, following
      effective control of CNS leukemia with chemotherapy and irradiation, did it
      become clear that current methods of treatment can produce neurotoxic effects.
      Two specific examples are leukoencephalopathy and mineralizing microangiopathy,
      both apparently induced by the effects of radiation on the microvasculature. Only
      through careful prospective studies can the consequences and actual incidence of
      these two lesions be determined. These results will permit sounder judgments of
      whether the risks of CNS radiotherapy outweigh the known benefits.

PMID- 396791
TI  - Treatment of overt CNS leukemia.
AB  - At this time, methotrexate and CNS radiotherapy used together offer the best
      chance for prolonged remissions in children who develop overt CNS leukemia.
      Toxicity is a major problem. Unless a lower dose of radiation is used, the
      contribution of radiotherapy to neurotoxicity cannot be reduced. However, the
      toxicity of intrathecal methotrexate can be reduced by using Elliot's B as a
      diluent, combining methotrexate with hydrocortisone, and using a standard dose
      after the age of 3 years rather than a dose based on body surface area.
      Fortunately, the incidence of CNS leukemia has decreased over the years due to
      prophylactic CNS therapy. However, when a CNS relapse does occur, it carries a
      grave prognosis and is therefore still a significant problem necessitating
      continued research.

PMID- 396793
TI  - Hematological aspects of vitamin E.

PMID- 396792
TI  - Radiation in the treatment of meningeal leukemia.
AB  - At the present time, a successful regimen for the eradication of occult meningeal
      leukemia, following induction of a first complete remission in acute lymphoid and
      undifferentiated childhood leukemia, is the combination of cranial radiotherapy
      in a dose of 1800 rads in 10 fractions in 12--14 days with six doses of
      intrathecal methotrexate. This regimen, when given with prednisone and
      vincristine with or without L-asparaginase for induction and daily oral 6
      mercaptopurine and weekly methotrexate for maintenance, can be expected to give a
      relapse rate for isolated meningeal leukemia of approximately 5% during the first
      2 years of follow-up. A modification of this regimen utilizing craniospinal
      radiation with prior and concurrent intrathecal methotrexate is given for the
      treatment of overt meningeal leukemia at diagnosis or for an isolated first
      relapse with meningeal leukemia. Radiation technique and morbidity are discussed.

PMID- 396794
TI  - Role of membrane vitamin E and cytoplasmic glutathione in the regulation of
      phagocytic functions of neutrophils and monocytes.
AB  - Neutrophils and monocytes are the prime defenders of the body against suppurative
      bacterial and fungal infections. To accomplish their role in inflammation, they
      must respond appropriately to chemotactic signals elaborated from complement and
      bacteria. This response predictably results in the adherence and subsequent
      directed movement of the phagocytes toward the infected area where they recognize
      opsonized microbes. Attachment of the microbes to the membrane of the cell leads
      to their ingestion and subsequent demise, principally by the reduced oxygen by
      product H2O2, which is generated by the neutrophils and monocytes during
      phagocytosis. Optimal killing requires the translocation of granule
      myeloperoxidase into the phagocytic vacuole containing the bacteria and a
      suitable halide ion. Degranulation is controlled, in part, by assembled
      microtubules whereas ingestion requires assembly of submembrane microfilaments.
      Deficiency states resulting from vitamin E results in diminished membrane-related
      chemotaxis and ingestion, whereas depletion of cellular GSH results in defective
      microtubule assembly preventing the normal increase in adherence, chemotaxis,
      degranulation, and microbicidal activity of the phagocytic cells. Deficiency
      states resulting in dysfunction of the microtubule system include neutrophil
      glutathione synthetase deficiency, rodent glutathione peroxidase deficiency, and
      the Chediak-Higashi syndrome.

PMID- 396795
TI  - Vitamin E and platelet function.
AB  - In both animals and humans, vitamin E deficiency is associated with platelet
      hyperaggregability. In six E-deficient children, thrombocytosis was associated
      with marked hyperaggregability of their platelets to ADP, epinephrine, and
      collagen. Platelet malonyldialdehyde (MDA) formation was used as an indicator of
      prostaglandin formation, and was found to be increased during the E deficiency
      state. Following E repletion, both platelet aggregation and platelet MDA
      formation returned to normal. The addition of vitamin E to platelets in vitro has
      been associated with inhibition of platelet release, aggregation, and MDA
      formation. Extending these in vitro observations further, six normal controls
      were given 1600 units of vitamin E orally daily for 2 weeks to elevate their
      plasma E levels and the E content of their platelets in vivo. Concomitant with
      the elevation in their plasma E levels, there was an inhibitory effect of 12--20%
      on platelet MDA formation following E ingestion. These studies suggest that E
      deficiency increases the in vivo synthesis of platelet endoperoxides and
      prostaglandins, and that E excess has the opposite effect, i.e., inhibition of
      the endoperoxide intermediates of prostaglandin synthesis.

PMID- 396796
TI  - Prophylactic CNS therapy in childhood acute leukemia: review of methods used.
AB  - By use of prophylactic CNS therapy in children with ALL, the incidence of central
      nervous system relapse was dramatically reduced and the length of the initial
      bone marrow remission was significantly prolonged. Following thin's Research
      Hospital. Ten additional CNS therapy regimens were found which gave results
      equivalent to, but not better than, the St. Jude results. Our knowledge of CNS
      leukemia in general has greatly increased, but the last 8 years have brought us
      no further significant progress as to an improved regimen for prophylactic CNS
      therapy. Thus, 5--10% still show CNS relapse and one-third of children with ALL
      still have hematological relapse within the first 5 years following initiation of
      therapy.

PMID- 396797
TI  - Neurotoxicities of current leukemia therapy.
AB  - While major advances have been made in the treatment of acute leukemia,
      complications of therapy are significant. One of the most worisome complications
      is the neurotoxicity which is related to both central nervous system prophylaxis
      (cranial irradiatif neurotoxicity may be acute or delayed, and may range in
      severity from mild headaches ann of treatment-related neurotoxicity is important
      since this may permit amelioration of otherwise irreversible neurological
      sequelae in some patients. We review the clinical, phyh irradiation and
      chemotherapy, and offer recommendations for monitoring, evaluating and treating
      patients with potential or proven neurotoxicity.

PMID- 396798
TI  - Vitamin E and platelets: cooperative interactions with nitroblue tetrazolium on
      inhibition of adhesion, aggregation and secretion.
AB  - We have evaluated the influence of NBT, vitamin E, and the combination of NBT and
      vitamin E on the fine structure and biochemistry of platelets during incubation,
      and the effects of these compounds on the aggregation and secretion of platelets
      stimulated by collagen, thrombin, epinephrine, and ADP. Results demonstrate that
      NBT and vitamin E, rather than injuring platelets, appear to protect them during
      incubation. Togheter NBT and vitamin E blockedaggregation by epinephrine,
      collagen, and thrombin, but permitted a small first wave stimulated by ADP. This
      pattern of response to aggregating agents was similar to reactions observed in
      platelets pretreated with aspirin and indomethacin, both potent inhibitors of
      platelet prostaglandin synthesis. The findings support the concept that
      conversion of arachidonic acid to an activated state is an important step in
      prostaglandin synthesis and that electron transfer or oxidation--reduction
      reactions are intimately involved in the development of platelet stickiness.
      Although vitamin E alone does not block prot to regulate formation of
      endoperoxides and thromboxanes.

PMID- 396799
TI  - Neonatal thrombosis.
AB  - Abnormalities in blood flow, in blood vessel walls, in procoagulants, in
      circulating anticoagulants, and in the reticuloendothelial system may contribute
      to the thrombotic tendency of newborns. However, the importance of the role of
      each of these factors or other unmeasured factors is largely unknown. Most
      infants may be protected by their physiologic platelet dysfunction, increased
      fibrinolysis, and deficiencies in coagulation factors.

PMID- 396800
TI  - Cycochemical profiles in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Lymphoblasts from 61 untreated patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL),
      classified according to the French-American-British (FAB) morphologic
      classification, were studied for cytochemical characteristics and membrane
      surface markers. Seventy-three % (eight of 11) of patients with E-rosette
      positive lymphoblasts (T ALL) had strong focal  paranuclear acid phosphatase
      (AcP) activity in more than 75% of their lymphoblasts; lymphoblasts from only 6%
      (three of 48) (p = 0.005) of patients with E-rosette negative, surface
      immunoglobulin negative lymphoblasts (non-T, non-B ALL) exhibited this
      characteristic AcP activity. The non-T, non-B ALL cases that manifested focal
      paranuclear AcP activity had clinical features more characteristic of the T ALL
      cases. The distribution of beta-glucuronidase activity in the lymphoblast
      cytoplasm was similar to that of AcP for T ALL and non-T, non-B ALL but the stain
      was generally more difficult to interpret THan the AcP and was a less reliable
      indicator of immunologic type of ALL. The periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and
      nonspecific esterase stains were not useful in distinguishing between T ALL and
      non-T, non-B ALL but PAS negativity was associated with certain clinical features
      within the non-T, non-B ALL group. Cytochemical evaluation of the lymphoblasts at
      diagnosis in patients with ALL may be useful in identifying subsets of ALL that
      have distinct immunologic and clinical characteristics and important therapeutic
      and prognostic implications.

PMID- 396801
TI  - Gustav Simon. The father of dermatopathology.

PMID- 396802
TI  - The tale of the psorosperm.

PMID- 396803
TI  - My half century in dermatopathology (1928--1978).

PMID- 396804
TI  - Jean Paul Marat. His life, cutaneous disease, death, and depiction by Jacques
      Louis David.

PMID- 396805
TI  - Jean-Paul Marat. The differential diagnosis of his skin disease.

PMID- 396806
TI  - Subtle clues to diagnosis by immunopathology. Relapsing polychondritis.

PMID- 396807
TI  - Skin diseases elucidated by anatomic investigation. An excerpt.

PMID- 396808
TI  - Oscar Gans on Paul Gerson Unna.

PMID- 396809
TI  - Reminiscences about dermatopathology.

PMID- 396810
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies in transient acantholytic dermatosis (Grover's
      disease).
AB  - Abnormalities were found by immunofluorescence in five of 11 (45%) patients with
      transient acantholytic dermatosis. There was no consistent pattern to the
      abnormalities; for example, they were circulating antibodies to intercellular and
      basal cell antigens in a third. Deposits of Ig and/or C3 were present in lesions
      of three patients and C3 was present in the intercellular substance in the
      lesions of a fourth patient. These findings suggest that different immune
      mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of transient acantholytic
      dermatosis.

PMID- 396811
TI  - Fibrous papule of the face.

PMID- 396812
TI  - Method for quantitative analysis of 16, 16-dimethyl-prostaglandin E2 from plasma
      using deuterated carrier and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

PMID- 396813
TI  - Purification of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I and dihydrofolate
      reductase on a dihydrofolate-Sepharose affinity column.

PMID- 396814
TI  - New procedure of high-voltage electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel and its
      application to the sequencing of nucleic acids.

PMID- 396815
TI  - A rapid assay for Escherichia coli 4-thiouridine-tRNA sulfurtransferase.

PMID- 396816
TI  - Immobilized anhydrotrypsin as a biospecific affinity adsorbent for the peptides
      produced by trypsin-like proteases.

PMID- 396818
TI  - [In memoriam Wolfgang Eargmann].

PMID- 396817
TI  - Quantitation of peroxidase-antibody binding to membrane fragments using column
      chromatography.

PMID- 396820
TI  - Problems of lower airways protection in vocal shunts: roentgenocinematographic
      studies.

PMID- 396819
TI  - Defensive cellular reactions in carcinoma of larynx.

PMID- 396821
TI  - Intubated vocal shunt.

PMID- 396822
TI  - Evaluation of physical parameters of shunt phonation in the laryngectomees.

PMID- 396823
TI  - Phonetic analysis of shunt speech.

PMID- 396824
TI  - Mechanism of swallowing following horizontal laryngectomy: a radiological study.

PMID- 396825
TI  - Social problems of the patient with laryngeal cancer.

PMID- 396826
TI  - Mucosal vocal shunt.

PMID- 396827
TI  - Psychic disorders in patients with laryngeal cancer treated surgically.

PMID- 396828
TI  - Distinguished Scientific Contribution Awards for 1978 (Julian Hochberg, Philip
      Teitelbaum, Robert B. Zajonc).

PMID- 396829
TI  - Distinguished Contribution for Applications in Psychology Award for 1978
      (Alphonse Chapanis).

PMID- 396830
TI  - Distinguished Professional Contribution Award for 1978 (Arthur L. Benton).

PMID- 396831
TI  - Distinguished Contribution to Psychology in the Public Interest Award for 1978
      (Kenneth B. Clark).

PMID- 396832
TI  - Early Career Awards for 1978 (John Robert Anderson, Philip M. Groves, Gary E.
      Schwartz).

PMID- 396833
TI  - American Psychological Foundation Awards for 1978. Gold Medal, Distinguished
      Contribution to Education in Psychology, Unique Contribution in the Teaching of
      Psychology, and the National Media (Ernest R. Hilgard, Douglas K. Candland,
      Robert S. Daniel).

PMID- 396834
TI  - Obituary. Albert Theodore Poffenberger (1885--1977).

PMID- 396835
TI  - Error measures for objective assessment of scene segmentation algorithms.
AB  - Scene segmentation is an important element in pattern recognition problems.
      Previous efforts to evaluate and compare scene segmentation procedures have been
      largely subjective. Quantitative error measures would facilitate objective
      comparison of scene segmentation algorithms. A theoretical discussion leading to
      a new generalized quantitative error measure, G2, based on comparison of both
      pixel class proportions and spatial distributions of "true" and test
      segmentations, is presented. This error measure was tested on 14 manual
      segmentations and 40 gynecologic cytology specimens segmented with five different
      scene segmentation techniques. Results indicate that G2 seems to have the
      desirable properties of correlation with human observation, categorization of
      error allowing for weighting, invariance with picture size and ease of
      computation necessary for a useful scene segmentation error measure.

PMID- 396836
TI  - Structure analysis and classification of cervical cells using a processing system
      based on TV.
AB  - This paper presents preliminary results of a cell classification experiment using
      a new approach for feature extraction. The algorithm takes into account the
      special requirements of a fast parallel processing system (processor-oriented
      algorithms). A cell image is described by several hundred features derived from
      the nucleus only. The most significant features with respect to classification
      are determined by statistical analysis. Applying principal axis transform, a new
      feature set is computed, reduced considerably in dimensions. The data base (1,925
      cell images of Papanicolaou-stained cervical specimens) was divided into a
      training set (963 images) and a test set (962 images). The classification results
      of the test set show that the recognition rate for the two-class problem (normal,
      suspicious) is better than 91%, using only ten morphologic features.

PMID- 396837
TI  - Numerical evaluation of cytologic data: II. Comparison of profiles.
AB  - Results of cytologic studies are often presented as profiles of some type. The
      numerical characterization of these profiles may be statistically compared using
      methods of multivariate analysis. This article describes the determination of the
      statistically significant differences between portions of profiles, the
      computation of the Mahalanobis distance measure between profiles and the use of
      the chi-square statistic as a measure of the typicality of a profile. Fully
      worked numerical examples suitable for execution on a pocket calculator are
      given.

PMID- 396838
TI  - A simple method of producing a monolayer of cervical cells for digital image
      processing.
AB  - A manual method of producing a monolayer of isolated and evenly distributed
      cervical epithelial cells has been developed for use in an automated digital
      image analysis system. The cervical scrape specimen is vortexed from the spatula
      into a solution of Mucosol. The suspension is filtered through a 10 micro nylon
      mesh to remove polys and debris and then syringed to disaggregate epithelial
      clumps. The cells are plated out on a Nuclepore filter. The filter is touched
      directly onto a glass microscopic slide to transfer cells, which are then fixed
      and stained in a routine manner. Cell counts reveal elimination of 92% polys,
      with only 2% loss of squamous cells.

PMID- 396839
TI  - Numerical evaluation of cytologic data. III. Selection of features for
      discrimination.
AB  - The proper selection of variables is important in assembling a profile to best
      describe a given group, whether of patients or cells, vis-a-vis other groups. The
      need often arises to determine which variables in comparable profiles best
      discriminate between the profiles. Three techniques for the evaluation and
      selection of variables on the basis of their potentiality for discrimination are
      discussed in this article. The Kruskal Wallis test is useful in determining if a
      certain feature (variable) has any statistical significance between groups. The
      ambiguity function after Genchi and Mori and the measure of detectability (d')
      are discussed as direct measurements of a feature's ability to discriminate
      between groups. Fully worked numerical example suitable for execution on a pocket
      calculator are given.

PMID- 396840
TI  - Urinary cytology: the subjective diagnostic clues and their evaluation by
      computer.
AB  - Subjective diagnostic clues of cells contained in the urinary sediment are
      summarized and correlated with the clinical data. The rationale, techniques and
      strategy of the automation process for cells in the urinary sediment are
      discussed. The encouraging preliminary results of the application of a high
      resolution approach to automation by the TICAS system are briefly presented.

PMID- 396841
TI  - The use of percent volume analysis in Coulter sizing of cells in gynecologic
      cytopathologic cell suspensions.
AB  - The Coulter Counter model TA II was evaluated as a gynecologic cytodiagnostic
      tool. The instrument produces particle size histograms as plots of percent volume
      versus particle volume in 16 channels with each channel corresponding to twice
      the volume of the next lower channel. Cell volume distributions were obtained
      using cell suspensions from patients with cervicitis, inflammation, dysplasia or
      carcinoma and were compared with those from normal subjects. Although this method
      is superior to other methods of volume distribution analysis, it does not satisfy
      the stringent requirements of a cervical cancer mass screening method.

PMID- 396842
TI  - [The anti-edematous effect of an association of proteolytic enzymes, flavonoids,
      sterolic heteroside of Ruscus aculeatus and ascorbic acid (author's transl)].

PMID- 396843
TI  - [Influence of some alcohols on Candida albicans filamentation in culture
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 396844
TI  - Free groin flap for the reconstruction of the scalp following tumor resection.
AB  - A free inguinal flap was transferred to correct a skull and scalp defect
      following resection of squamous cell carcinoma.

PMID- 396845
TI  - The theoretically ideal donor site dressing.
AB  - Many of the choices for managing split-thickness skin graft donor sites are
      satisfactory, but none is ideal. Epidermal regeneration in a donor site is
      readily available for clinical study. We have reviewed experimental studies of
      epidermal regeneration and applied those results to the clinical study of a new
      donor site dressing. This dressing is a vapor-permeable, transparent,
      polyurethane film with a polyvinyl ether adhesive. Used on 100 patients, it was
      found to be safe and effective in allowing rapid and painless healing. Although
      the dressing is occlusive and theoretically could promote infection in a
      contaminated wound, no infections were encountered. Comparison was made with 15
      patients managed by other methods. No marked difference in healing time was noted
      clinically. The striking advantage of the new dressing was painless healing.

PMID- 396846
TI  - Clinical study of a new antikeloid agent.
AB  - An old healing drug has been assessed and found to be of clinical value in
      stopping the inflammatory phase of hypertrophic scars and keloids. So far, this
      drug has no known side effects other than occasional mild gastric intolerance and
      allergic reaction. Our findings are well supported in the literature. The effect
      of the drug on other forms of connective tissue anomalies that present an
      inflammatory phase is similar to that on keloids, gradually brining scars to the
      maturation phase. Our results on this will be published later. Madecassol has
      also been shown to have a preventive effect on burn and postoperative
      hypertrophic scars. It compares favorably in effectiveness with compression
      bandaging, and gives more lasting results than intralesional cortisone or
      radiation therapy. Finally, Madecassol has a placebo effect of 29%-well within
      acceptable limits.

PMID- 396847
TI  - Rhytidectomy: a better way to suture the earlobe.
AB  - We propose suturing the earlobe in facelifts into a deepithelialized area of the
      facial skin flap in order to achieve a less noticeable scar, fewer lobe
      deformities, and better blood supply to the postauricular flap.

PMID- 396848
TI  - Pressure sores-a reappraisal.
AB  - Pressure sores are a common problem. They are casually accepted, their etiology
      is well defined, and treatment is standardized. How, therefore, can the subject
      justify reappraisal? On detailed review, evidence is presented showing that
      pressure sores can be minimized, that their pathophysiology is far from certain,
      and that their management is changing dramatically. During the past decade, new
      preventive measures have been adopted consisting of multidisciplinary tissue
      trauma clinics for paraplegic patients, based in rehabilitation hospitals, as
      well as early identification of the "at-risk" subgroup of geriatric patients who
      will require aggressive nursing care. Although pressure is the most widely
      accepted etiological factor, no sophisticated experimental studies have
      corroborated this hypothesis, and in fact, the majority of research conflicts
      with clinical observations. Recently, new surgical proceudres-myocutaneous and
      sensory skin flaps-have been devised to solve complex coverage problems which
      will possibly reduce the recurrence rate. An in-depth review of pressure sores is
      therefore warranted and will, we hope, stimulate renewed interest in this all-too
      frequent clinical affliction.

PMID- 396849
TI  - Thread augmentation for facial rhytides.
AB  - Thread augmentation, a subsurface technique for correcting facial rhytides, is
      especially applicable to perioral wrinkles, melolabial furrows, and frown lines
      about the forehead. It is basically an augmentation technique which places a
      volume of well-tolerated, slowly absorbable or nonabsorbable sutures underneath
      the wrinkle. These threads produce augmentation by their volume and the mild
      local reaction of edema, lymphocytic infiltration, and fibrosis. This process
      gradually progresses to internal scar formation as the suture material is
      dissolved by slow hydrolysis in the presence of tissue fluid over a period of
      months; the nonabsorbable suture remains as a permanent implant. A high level of
      patient satisfaction with minimal complications has proved the value of this
      technique in over 100 cases.

PMID- 396850
TI  - The history of the artificial eye.
AB  - The history of the artificial eye, from antiquity to the present, is described.
      Around the beginning of the nineteenth century, glass eyes replaced the earlier
      metal ones--not always well tolerated. In 1835, cryolite glass was used instead
      of lead glass; to this day it remains the lightest and most desirable substance
      for making artificial eyes.

PMID- 396851
TI  - Lymphaticolymphatic anastomosis.
AB  - Lymphaticovenous anastomosis has proved valuable in the treatment of obstructive
      lymphedema. Histological studies of this anastomosis have shown the lymphatic
      component to be almost inactive in anastomotic healing. In order to clarify the
      role of the lymphatics, experimental lymphaticolymphatic anastomoses were
      performed in canine femoral lymphatics. The technique developed calls for eight
      to ten 19 mu sutures to prevent vessel wall collapse, and preservation of the
      vasa vasorum. Vessels were harvested from one hour to six weeks after
      anastomosis. Scanning electron microscopy and conventional light histology
      revealed the lymphatics to have active healing of the intima with complete
      reendothelialization by two weeks. The techniques developed in this study are
      directly applicable to human lymphaticovenous anastomosis.

PMID- 396852
TI  - Subcutaneous mastectomy in the treatment of the high-risk female--is emotionalism
      obscuring the facts?

PMID- 396853
TI  - Corrective cosmetic otoplasty: a simple and accurate technique.
AB  - The authors present a technique for cosmetic correction of protruding ears used
      in over 100 cases during the last ten years with good cosmetic results and no
      significant complications.

PMID- 396854
TI  - An update on wound healing.
AB  - The events of wound healing are defined as collagen metabolism,
      epithelialization, and contraction. Recent findings that further our
      understanding of these pheneomena are presented and correlated with the important
      clinical problems confronting plastic surgeons. The future direction of wound
      healing investigation and its application to practical surgical care are
      predicted.

PMID- 396855
TI  - Dr. Truman William Brophy.

PMID- 396856
TI  - A method of producing improved scars following excision of small lesions of the
      back.
AB  - Twelve benign lesions were excised from the back using the accepted elliptical
      excisions with suturing. At follow-up, all scars had stretched to become much
      larger than the original lesion. By contrast, 12 lesions of similar size were
      excised with minimal margin and the resultant defect allowed to heal by
      contraction and epithelialization. This method was quicker and less painful, and
      produced significantly smaller scars than the conventional method.

PMID- 396857
TI  - The dynamic Abbe flap.
AB  - A modification of the Abbe flap procedure is presented in which muscle-to-muscle
      union of the orbicularis muscle is obtained prior to inset of the flap. The
      technique consists in splitting the lip at the midline followed by dissection of
      the orbicularis muscle on each side from its abnormal position. The muscle is
      then rotated downward and sutured, restoring the oral sphincter. The flap is
      outlined on the lower lip and elevated. Following closure of the donor site, the
      Abbe flap is split in the coronal plane at the level of the muscle; this division
      is carried up to the mucocutaneous border, and the flap placed like a sandwich
      around the repaired muscle and sutured. The flap is usually divided in 14 to 16
      days. The results have been good, with improved lip movement in 12 patients
      during animation.

PMID- 396859
TI  - Sir Harold Gillies.

PMID- 396860
TI  - Sir Harold Gillies.

PMID- 396858
TI  - Digital replantation.

PMID- 396861
TI  - Sir Harold Gillies.

PMID- 396862
TI  - [Current status of burn care in France].

PMID- 396863
TI  - Burn wound care.

PMID- 396864
TI  - [Early excisional grafts in the treatment of burns].

PMID- 396865
TI  - [Extensive facial burns. Naso-labial reconstruction].

PMID- 396866
TI  - [Operation smile. Musculocutaneous flaps of the buccal commissure for the repair
      of facial burn sequelae].

PMID- 396868
TI  - [List of French burn centers. List of European burn centers].

PMID- 396867
TI  - [Free flaps or surgery for the repair of severe burns of the scalp and the
      cranial vault].

PMID- 396869
TI  - Roger Mouly re-elected Secretary General of the International Confederation of
      Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

PMID- 396870
TI  - [Bone graft in the repair of mandibular loss of substance. Thoughts apropos of 14
      cases].

PMID- 396871
TI  - [Function of polynuclear neutrophils in the burn patient. Development during
      hospitalization].

PMID- 396872
TI  - [Thermal effusiveness of transplanted skin].

PMID- 396873
TI  - [Treatment of sequelae of popliteal fossa burns].

PMID- 396874
TI  - [Classical conditioning in man and cognitive factors. I. Vegetative
      conditioning].

PMID- 396875
TI  - [Keratoplasty: indications].

PMID- 396876
TI  - [Keratoplasty: technics].

PMID- 396877
TI  - [Induced astigmatism in keratoplasties].

PMID- 396878
TI  - [Ocular microsurgery. Sutures].

PMID- 396879
TI  - [Microsurgery of pterygium].

PMID- 396881
TI  - [Ocular microsurgery. Congenital glaucoma].

PMID- 396880
TI  - [Microsurgery of "senile" cataract].

PMID- 396882
TI  - Mutagenicity of 5,6-dimethoxysterigmatocystin, a metabolite from Aspergillus
      multicolor, in the Salmonella/microsome system.
AB  - The natural sterigmatocystin derivative, 5,6-dimethoxysterigmatocystin, was found
      to be a mutagen for Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 after metabolic
      activation in a mammalian microsome system.

PMID- 396883
TI  - Antibacterial action of lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen peroxide on
      Streptococcus agalactiae.
AB  - Antibacterial activity of lactoperoxidase (LP)-thiocyanate (SCN)-hydrogen
      peroxide (H2O2) on Streptococcus agalactiae requires that the three reactants
      must be in contact with the cells simultaneously. Small but assayable amounts of
      LP adsorb to the cell surface and are not removed by washing. A diffusible
      antibacterial product of LP-SCN-H2O2 reaction was not found under our
      experimental conditions. Incubation of S. agalactiae cells with LP-H2O2 and 14C
      labeled sodium SCN resulted in the incorporation of SCN into the bacterial
      protein. Most of the LP-catalyzed, incorporated SCN was released from the
      bacterial protein. Most of the LP-catalyzed, incorporated SCN was released from
      the bacterial protein with dithiothreitol. Cells that had their membrane
      permeability changed by treatment with Cetab or 80% ethanol incorporated more SCN
      than did untreated cells, i.e., approximately 1 mol of SCN for each mol of
      sulfhydryl group present in the reaction mixture. Alteration of membrane
      permeability caused protein sulfhydryls, normally protected by the cytoplasmic
      membrane, to become exposed to oxidation. The results suggest the LP-H2O2
      catalyzed incorporation of SCN into the proteins of S. agalactiae by a mechanism
      similar to that reported for bovine serum albumin. Removal of reactive protein
      sulfhydryls from a functional role in membrane transport and in glucolysis in a
      likely cause of the antibacterial effect for S. agalactiae.

PMID- 396884
TI  - Influence of fulvic acid on bacteriophage adsorption and complexation in soil.
AB  - The effect of fulvic acid, the major fraction of natural soluble organic matter,
      on the adsorption of MS2 bacteriophage to soil was investigated in controlled
      laboratory experiments. Batch experiments together with scanning electron
      microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray analysis showed that fulvic acid complexed
      phage, which prevented its adsorption to soil. Phage strongly adsorbed to soil in
      the absence of fulvic acid. Phage which was complexed with fulvic acid was not
      irreversibly inactivated and could become viable under proper conditions,
      illustrating the importance of assay and elution procedures in the recovery of
      virus from aqueous solutions.

PMID- 396885
TI  - Comparison of homogenizing, shaking, and blending on the recovery of
      microorganisms and endotoxins from fresh and frozen ground beef as assessed by
      plate counts and the Limulus amoebocyte lysate test.
AB  - Of three methods studied, brisk shaking of samples in dilution blanks by hand and
      homogenization by a stomacher were compared relative to their capacity to recover
      the endotoxins and viable bacteria; blending with a Waring blender was compared
      with these two methods only on the recovery of viable cells. Aerobic plate counts
      were essentially the same by the three methods for fresh meats, with the
      stomacher producing slightly higher aerobic plate counts and significantly higher
      gram-negative counts determined by violet red bile agar. The stomacher produced
      significantly higher aerobic plate counts and violet red bile agar results on
      frozen meats than did shaking. Endotoxins were determined by the Limulus
      amoebocyte lysate test; results by shaking and stomacher on 15 single samples of
      frozen meat were identical. Of Limulus amoebocyte lysate-negative beef which was
      spiked with known endotoxin, a higher percentage of recovery was obtained with
      the stomacher. Although both aerobic plate counts and violet red bile agar counts
      were found by shaking and stomacher to decrease significantly in frozen meats,
      endotoxin content was not significantly affected. The stomacher was found to be
      the better method overall, especially when meats are to be examined for their
      content of viable gram-negative bacteria, endotoxins, or both.

PMID- 396886
TI  - Determining endotoxin content of ground beef by the Limulus amoebocyte lysate
      test as a rapid indicator of microbial quality.
AB  - Eighty-four samples of ground beef were placed into five half-log cycle groups
      based upon aerobic plate count (APC) results. Endotoxins were determined by the
      Limulus amoebocyte lysate test (LAL), and gram-negative viable counts were
      determined by a violet red bile agar overlay method. Ten samples with a log of
      APC of less than 5.50 had an APC mean of less than 5.24 and mean endotoxin
      content by the LAL of 51 ng/g. The 15 samples with APCs between a log of 5.50 and
      5.99 had an APC mean of 5.79/g and an endotoxin mean of 103.8 ng/g. Twenty-eight
      samples had APCs between a log of 6.00 and 6.49 with a mean of 5.28/g and an
      endotoxin mean of 1106.4 ng/g. The 20 samples with APCs between a log of 6.50 and
      7.00 had a mean of 6.77/g and an endotoxin mean of 5067.6 ng/g, while 11 samples
      had a log of APCs of greater than 7.00 with a mean of 7.53 and an endotoxin mean
      of 7,472 ng/g. Correlation of half-log cycle mean APC and violet red bile agar
      counts with mean endotoxin content were both highly significant, indicating that
      LAL-determined endotoxin content can be used to make a rapid approximation of
      viable plate counts. Because results can be obtained by LAL in 1 h, the finding
      of low levels of endotoxins can be taken to indicate low-count meat. The use of
      additional tests of microbial quality may be necessary when high endotoxin levels
      are found because the LAL detects both viable and nonviable cells.

PMID- 396887
TI  - Sampling culturable heterotrophs from microcosms: a statistical analysis.
AB  - The contributions of different sources of error in sampling mixed and unmixed
      bacterial microcosms were evaluated by using analysis of variance. Culturable
      heterotrophic bacteria from a turbid freshwater impoundment were sampled from 9
      liter tanks that were unagitated or mixed with magnetic stirrers or pumps and
      from dilution bottles that were unagitated or agitated with a mechanical shaker.
      Axenic cultures of Enterobacter aerogenes were also sampled from manually shaken
      test tubes. In both agitated and unagitated tanks and in unagitated dilution
      bottles, dilutions made from the same sampling pipette were significantly
      different, showing a clumping of bacteria on the scale of millimeters. Also,
      microcosms within a single experiment differed from one another by a large
      margin. Dilution mean squares and tank or bottle mean squares were homogeneous
      for all types of tanks and unagitated bottles, indicating that the gentle mixing
      provided by pumps and stir bars did not reduce either millimeter scale or
      intermicrocosm variability over what prevailed in unagitated microcosms. By
      contrast, the vigorously shaken bottles and test tubes showed no millimeter scale
      variability. Intermicrocosm variability was undetectable in test tubes and two
      orders of magnitude less in shaken bottles than in unshaken bottles. When these
      facts are coupled with the inherent statistical advantage of replicating large
      rather than small experimental units, it is concluded that sampling error in the
      enumeration of aquatic bacteria in microcosms will be reduced by using numerous,
      small, violently agitated microcosms with a minimum of subsampling per microcosm.

PMID- 396888
TI  - Statistical procedure for evaluating the sensitivity of Limulus amoebocyte lysate
      by using a reference lysate.
AB  - A study was designed to estimate variability of the Limulus amoebocyte lysate
      test by comparing a reference lysate against itself. Three technicians performed
      parallel tests, i.e., titrated side by side, the contents of two vials of
      reference lysate on 4 different days using 24 vials of the United States
      reference lysate and 12 vials of the United States reference endotoxin. Each
      parallel test was replicated three times. From the sensitivity endpoints, ratios
      were calculated for each parallel test. These ratios were converted to the
      logarithm for estimating variability among technicians and among vials of
      endotoxin. By using the overall variability of log ratios, a statistical
      procedure was developed to evaluate the sensitivity of each lot of licensed
      lysate submitted to the Bureau of Biologics for release.

PMID- 396890
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Maurice Millet].

PMID- 396889
TI  - Plasmids in Escherichia coli controlling citrate-utilizing ability.
AB  - The citrate-utilizing ability of 19 out of 22 citrate-positive Escherichia coli
      strains isolated from pig sewage was transferred via conjugation to E. coli K-12.
      The conjugal transfer of citrate-utilizing (Cit) abilities was thermosensitive
      and concurrent with transfer of drug resistance. Weakly citrate-positive colonies
      were readily obtained in conjugation experiments. Their Cit characters could be
      transmitted to the other E. coli strains at a similar frequency in the retransfer
      experiments, and the transconjugants obtained still showed same characteristic
      growth on Simmons citrate agar plates. The 19 thermosensitive plasmids conferring
      citrate utilization and drug resistance were Fi-, and 16 of these plasmids
      belonged to incompatibility group H1. However, occasionally two conjugative
      plasmids (pOH3122-1 and pOH3124-1) carrying only the citrate utilization were
      also obtained in the conjugation experiments, and they were Fi+ and compatible
      with 19 reference R plasmids. In the two citrate-positive E. coli strains, it was
      suggested that the conjugative Cit plasmid showing Fi+ character and the more
      thermosensitive H1 plasmid conferring both the Cit character and drug resistance
      coexisted in the strain. The characterization of citrate utilization plasmids
      derived from pig farm sewage is discussed.

PMID- 396891
TI  - Rehabilitation nursing and related readings: a bibliography.

PMID- 396892
TI  - Rehabilitation nursing and related readings: a bibliography.

PMID- 396893
TI  - Clinical applications of biofeedback training.

PMID- 396894
TI  - Rehabilitation nursing and related readings: a bibliography.

PMID- 396895
TI  - [Observations on the virulence and the antigenic characters of cloned and
      uncloned lines of the Anka isolate of Plasmodium berghei. 1. Production of
      recrudescent parasitaemias in immunized mice].

PMID- 396896
TI  - [Observations on the virulence and the antigenic characters of cloned and
      uncloned lines of the Anka isolate of Plasmodium berghei. 2. Cross-protection
      assay with successive recrudescent populations].

PMID- 396897
TI  - [Analytical bibliography of the work at the Pasteur Institute of Madagascar, 1898
      1978].

PMID- 396898
TI  - Effects of endotoxin on biosynthesis of prostacyclin by isolated rabbit
      peritoneum.

PMID- 396899
TI  - [Molecular aspects of carcinogenesis (author's transl)].
AB  - The mechanism of carcinogenesis is not yet understood. There is increasing
      evidence justifying the assumption that an unifying concept of carcinogenesis
      should be possible at the molecular level. New insights into the molecular
      mechanism of carcinogenesis were mainly obtained in studies on both chemical and
      viral carcinogenesis. In the present paper, selected results of these studies are
      reviewed. It is concluded that the interaction of different carcinogenic agents
      with the cellular DNA results in alterations of DNA. Only some of these
      alterations, however, seem to be relevant to carcinogenesis. Alterations of DNA
      can be caused by reaction of electrophilic agents with DNA constituents, by
      increased infidelity of DNA replication, by integration of viral genomes or by
      recombination events involving integrated proviruses.

PMID- 396900
TI  - [The significance of the enzyme histochemistry in the diagnosis of malignant non
      Hodgkin's lymphomas (author's transl)].
AB  - The significance of histo- and cytochemical enzyme investigations in the
      diagnosis of malignant Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) is evaluated. Histochemical
      enzyme methods complete the morphological diagnosis if some general principles of
      diagnostic histochemistry are observed. This is particularly true for the
      diagnosis of the hairy cell leukemia, the T-lymphoblastoma and the histiocytic
      reticulosarcoma.

PMID- 396901
TI  - [Significance of clinical and paraclinical findings for diagnosis of non-Hodgkin
      lymphomas (author's transl)].

PMID- 396902
TI  - [Claude Bernard (1813-1878), the founder of experimental physiology].

PMID- 396903
TI  - [Claude Bernard's "Discours on the Method"].

PMID- 396904
TI  - [Nurses and nurses' aides in the Wola district of Warsaw in August 1944].

PMID- 396905
TI  - [Ludwik Bierkowski (1801-1860) the first Polish physician-mountaineer in Tatra
      mountains].

PMID- 396906
TI  - [Jan Ursinus from Lwow, author of the 1st anatomical dissertation "De Ossibus
      Humanis" with Polish nomenclature published in Zamosc in 1610].

PMID- 396907
TI  - [Variability of tooth diseases among the population of Polish territories in the
      past].

PMID- 396908
TI  - Development of pancreatic endocrine cells in the rat fetus.
AB  - Prenatal development of rat pancreatic endocrine cells was investigated by the
      immunoperoxidase technique and the following results were obtained: 1) Glucagon
      immunoreactive cells are first endocrine element of the pancreas appearing
      already on day 11 of gestation, when the dorsal pancreatic bud is still quite
      small and the ventral pancreatic primordium is hardly swollen out. Most of the
      glucagon reactive cells are located in the epithelium of the foregut and the
      dorsal pancreatic bud but a few of them are attached to the base of the
      epithelium from the outside. 2) Insulin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP)
      immunoreactive cells are first demonstrable in small cell clusters budding from
      the exocrine tubules on day 14, whereas somatostatin and gastrin reactive cells
      on day 17 and 18, respectively. These findings support the hypothesis that the
      majority of pancreatic endocrine cells is derived from the epithelium of the
      foregut. 3) PP reactive cells, appearing first on day 14, assume gradually a
      peripheral position in the growing islet of Langerhans. Immediately before birth
      they attain the population and flattened cell shape comparable to those in adult
      pancreas. Their counterpart in the duodenum is found as open type basal
      granulated cells in the rat fetus. 4) Noteworthily, glucagon-like
      immunoreactivity is found in some neuron-like cells of the Auerbach's plexus
      between the muscle layers of the duodenum on day 19.

PMID- 396909
TI  - [Synthesis of quinolines with heterocyclic substituents at position 3 (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 396910
TI  - Influenza A viruses: combinations of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase subtypes
      isolated from animals and other sources. Brief review.

PMID- 396911
TI  - [Therapeutic orientation in the hyperlipidemias].

PMID- 396913
TI  - Insulin and hydrocortisone influences on cultured rat tongue epithelium.

PMID- 396912
TI  - [Cycloergometric evaluation of fendiline in chronic coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 396914
TI  - Chlamydia trachomatis--recent knowledge of genital tract-to-eye infections.

PMID- 396915
TI  - In vitro drug resistance of salmonellae in Singapore.
AB  - Strains of Salmonella typhi isolated in Singapore were susceptible to
      chloramphenicol (except from two imported cases) and most of them also generally
      susceptible to ampicillin and septrin. Drug-resistant strains of Salmonella
      typhimurium appeared in 1971 and caused out-breaks among young children. However,
      decreasing drug-resistance of S. typhimurium was recorded in recent years
      following a drop in the number of cases. Other Salmonella serovers were found
      relatively susceptible to the antibiotics tested.

PMID- 396916
TI  - [Oral manifestations of endocrine diseases].

PMID- 396917
TI  - Concanavalin A surface receptors and cytoplasmic actin in cell adhesion.
AB  - A double immunofluorescence staining technique to locate concanavalin A (Con A)
      surface receptors and cytoplasmic actin in the same cell was applied to monolayer
      cultures of rat foetal fibroblasts during cell detachment induced by trypsin and
      during cell attachment to glass substratum. Con A receptors were demonstrated by
      fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labelled Con A (FITC-Con A) and actin by specific anti
      actin antibody (AAA) traced with rhodamine-labelled goat anti-human globulin (R
      AHG). Untreated, control cells had an elongated shape, Con A receptors restricted
      to cell margins and prominent actin filaments. After 2 min treatment with 0.001%
      trypsin the cells became angular with Con A receptors in clusters and actin in a
      diffuse or aggreagate staining pattern. Progressive cell rounding followed and
      this was accompanied by the development of long, thin, arborized cell processes,
      studded with Con A receptors and containing fine actin filaments. Complete cell
      rounding preceded cell detachment. The sites of detached cells were marked by
      fine aggregates containing Con A receptors and actin. In cells attaching to a
      glass substratum, actin was present in a diffusely stained or aggregate pattern
      in round cells, in filaments restricted to cell margins in partially spread cells
      and in numerous filaments in fully spread cells. Con A receptors were present in
      clusters in round cells, in clusters or caps in partially spread cells and in
      cell margins in fully spread cells. Binding of FITC-Con A to partially spread
      cells resulted in dissolution of the few, newly formed, actin filaments. We
      believe our observations are consistent with the idea that actin filaments,
      formed during cell attachment, contribute towards the maintenance of cell
      adhesion by helping in the preservation of cell shape and by anchorage of Con A
      receptors at points of cell attachment to the substratum.

PMID- 396918
TI  - Laboratory diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis.
AB  - Lesions of suspected bovine tuberculosis were examined by culture, histopathology
      and auramine-O (AO) stained smears and the findings correlated with field aspects
      of the disease. Of 642 lesions considered to be tuberculous, 62.0% yielded M.
      bovis and 4.5% other mycobacteria (OM). M. bovis and OM were recovered also from
      0.6% and 3.6% respectively of 165 cattle which gave tuberculin reactions but had
      no visible lesions at slaughter. Of 262 lesions in which a histopathological
      diagnosis other than tuberculosis was made, 1.5% and 3.0% yielded M. bovis and OM
      respectively. All OM isolates tested belonged to the Mycobacterium-avium
      intracellulare-scrofulaceum (MAIS) complex with a predominance of serotype 2. A
      good relationship was found between the recovery of mycobacteria and
      histopathology but examination of smears revealed 22.0% apparent false negatives.
      Apparent false negative culture results were also reported for 35.8% of lesions
      positive on histopathology and smear examination. The majority of herds yielding
      M. bovis contained reactors to the tuberculin test and many of these had lesions
      of tuberculosis. In contrast, herds yielding OM seldom contained reactors to the
      tuberculin test and rarely reactors with tuberculous lesions. The thoracic cavity
      was the main site of lesions from infections by M. bovis and OM.

PMID- 396919
TI  - Effect of environmental temperature on susceptibility of young chickens to
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Day-old chickens kept in a cold environment (18 degrees to 22 degrees C) were
      more susceptible to a low and moderate challenge of Salmonella typhimurium than
      chickens similarly challenged and kept in a warm environment (32 degrees to 36
      degrees C). Cold stress at 10 degrees C for 24 h when applied to 12-day-old
      chickens effectively increased the number of birds shedding organisms. However a
      similar cold stress on 20-day-old chickens resulted in a less dramatic increase
      in the number of birds shedding organisms. Of the 60 birds previously challenged
      with S. typhimurium and then subjected to cold stress, 16 birds recommenced
      shedding and 7 birds with no previous history of shedding began to shed
      organisms.

PMID- 396920
TI  - Vaccination of piglets against Escherichia coli enteritis.
AB  - An immunisation procedure involving intraperitoneal followed by oral
      administration of a killed Escherichia coli vaccine was used to reduce losses
      associated with colibacillosis in young pigs reared under commercial conditions.
      Mortality was reduced in both the preweaning and postweaning period. The
      mortality rate among vaccinated piglets was half that of unvaccinated controls
      and by 3 weeks after weaning the total weight of pigs produced was 33% higher in
      the vaccinated group than in the control group.

PMID- 396921
TI  - A simple technique for establishing cell lines from porcine blood.

PMID- 396922
TI  - Behavioral studies using genetically defined mice--a bibliography (July 1976
      August 1978).

PMID- 396923
TI  - [Neural dysraphias from the orthopedic-genetic point of view].

PMID- 396924
TI  - [Prof Hanns-Rudolf Mattner -- 60 years old].

PMID- 396925
TI  - [Early stages of orthopedic theory and methods in the 1st 120 years of the Halle
      (Saale) University (III)--Heinrich Bass (1690-1754), also called "Bandage-Bass"].

PMID- 396927
TI  - Author's abstracts of the 17th Dortmund Workshop, March 2--3, 1979.
      Cryotechniques for microanalysis of biological objects.

PMID- 396926
TI  - Long-term study of oxdralazine in hypertensive patients.
AB  - 56 moderate and severe hypertensive patients entered an open long-term trial
      aimed at evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of a combined treatment
      consisting of 3-hydrazino-6-[N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]pyridazine
      (oxdralazine, L 6150), propranolol and chlorthalidone. The mean basal blood
      pressure was 186.9/111.8 mmHg: after one month of treatment, the mean value was
      149.7/95.5 mmHg (p less than 0.01). The heart rate was practically unaffected by
      treatment, the mean value changing from 75.4 b.p.m. (basal) to 73.3 b.p.m. (one
      month). The significant reduction in the blood pressure observed at the end of
      the first month remained unchanged in the following months of therapy, and only
      minor variations occurred. The combined treatment was well tolerated. Five
      patients were withdrawn from the trial during the first month; three of them
      because of side-effects and two of them for personal reasons.

PMID- 396928
TI  - [Electron microscopic and microbiological studies on the activity of mezlocillin
      against Escherichia coli (author's transl)].
AB  - Investigations by electron microscopy on thin sections and negative-stained
      preparations were carried out to show the effect of 6-[(R)-2-[3-methylsulfonyl-2
      oxo-imidazolidine-1-carboxamido]-2-phenyl-acetamido]-penicillanic acid sodium
      salt (mezlocillin, Baypen) on the ultrastructures of gramnegative bacteria
      (Escherichia coli C 165). Distinct alterations of the bacteria were to be seen
      depending on concentration and cultivation time. The outer wall of the bacterial
      cell became irregular. Locally it detached from the plasma membrane. The normal
      density of the cytoplasmic structures decreased quickly. Owing to their inability
      to form septa the bacteria grew as extended filaments. These mezlocillin-treated
      cells could form filaments of up to 100 times the length of normal untreated
      bacteria. Those bacterial filaments, however, were unable to form colonies as was
      shown by survival curves carried out in parallel. The filaments, therefore, were
      irreversibly damaged bacterial forms.

PMID- 396929
TI  - [Clinical results with azlocillin (author's transl)].

PMID- 396930
TI  - [Results of a multicentric clinical study of mezlocillin in Japan (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In a clinical trial including 701 patients 6-((R)-2-[3-methylsulfonyl-2-oxo
      imidazolidine-1-carboxamido]-2-phenyl-acetamido)-penicillanic acid sodium salt
      (mezlocillin, Baypen) proved effective in the treatment of severe infections. It
      showed a particularly high efficacy in septicaemia and endocarditis and in
      purulent meningitis. In cases unresponsive to previous treatment with other
      antibiotics mezlocillin was effective in about two-thirds of the cases. Side
      effects were slight and of the same nature as those accompanying other
      penicillins.

PMID- 396931
TI  - [Therapy with an antibiotic combination mezlocillin/oxacillin and clinical
      experience/First communication: Adults (author's transl)].

PMID- 396932
TI  - Germination of non-irradiated and gamma-irradiated fungal spores on water agar
      and natural soil.
AB  - Germination and germ-tube lengths of non-irradiated and gamma-irradiated spores
      of eight soil fungi were studied on water agar and on natural soil. Non
      irradiated spores showed variable degrees of sensitivity to the fungistatic
      factor in natural soil. Lower doses of gamma-irradiation (5 K rad) produced
      stimulus to germination and germ-tube lengths without losing the fungistatic
      properties of the fungi concerned. Germination at the rest of treatments (100 and
      500 K rad) showed significant inhibition, the magnitude of which is a function of
      the dose used. Germ-tube lengths did not follow the same pattern. The results are
      discussed in view of the nutritional theory of fungistasis.

PMID- 396933
TI  - On the transformation of coliform types, proper and irregular forms.
AB  - Physiological changes have been induced in strains of E. coli I and its irregular
      forms, using a basal synthetic medium and addition of sodium pyruvate, or
      glucose, or yeast extract, or peptone. Changes in biochemical patterns, using the
      IMViC reactions plus growth at 44.5 degrees C, were induced, thus brining
      transformations between the regular types and irregular forms. Ultra-violet
      irradiation of E. coli I for 90 seconds may turn it into a methyl-red negative
      strain, while education of E. coli III for producing acid and gas at 44.5 degrees
      C was possible. Thus, E. coli I could be transformed to give the same reactions
      as the untyped form 1 of Geldreich (1966) through U.V. irradiation, while E. coli
      III may give the biochemical reactions of E. coli I via heat-resistance and
      training in MacConkey broth. The relationship between regular and irregular
      coliforms was also verified by phage typing. The results obtained were discussed
      both qualitatively, using "lytic activity", and quantitatively in terms of
      "efficiency of plating", especially with sewage-derived phages and irregular
      coliforms.

PMID- 396934
TI  - New advances in the immunodiagnosis of parasitic infections. I. The enzyme-linked
      immunosorbent assay.

PMID- 396935
TI  - [Experimental and clinical use of polytetrafluoroethylene vascular inplants].

PMID- 396936
TI  - The influence of blood transfusions on kidney transplant survival.

PMID- 396937
TI  - [Sorapan de Rieros and dentistry].

PMID- 396938
TI  - Opium rampant: medical use, misuse and abuse in Britain and the West in the 17th
      and 18th centuries.

PMID- 396940
TI  - The current status of facial growth prediction: a review.

PMID- 396939
TI  - The special problems and treatment of a group of elderly Chinese opiate addicts
      in New York City.

PMID- 396941
TI  - The skeletal and dental effects of rapid maxillary expansion.

PMID- 396942
TI  - The expansion 'W' and its modification in orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 396943
TI  - The transplantation of canines using direct bonded orthodontic bracket fixation:
      an improved technique.

PMID- 396944
TI  - Orthodontic treatment of malocclusion associated with repaired complete clefts of
      the lip and palate.

PMID- 396945
TI  - Primary lymphomas of bone (so-called ("Parker and Jackson's reticulum cell
      sarcoma") : histological review of 75 cases according to the new classifications
      of non Hodgkin's lymphomas.
AB  - 75 cases of primary lymphomas of bone ("reticulum cell sarcoma" described by
      Parker and Jackson) were reviewed. Biopsy specimens were classified according to
      several histological classifications, including Lukes' classification for nodal
      lymphomas. Among 24 tumors described as "histiocytic lymphomas" in Rappaport's
      classification of 1966, only one case remains as "true histiocytic sarcoma". The
      others were reclassified as follows : 6 tumors with a predominance of large
      cleaved cells, 13 tumors with large non-cleaved cells, 2 as immunoblastic tumors
      and 2 as unclassifiable. In non Hodgkin's lymphomas, the histological diagnosis
      and the results of the initial staging have been shown to be greater aids in the
      prediction of survival than the primary site of the disease. Therefore, the
      clinical and therapeutical approach to the patients with lymphomas of bone must
      be modified to be similar to that of patients with nodal localisations of the
      disease.

PMID- 396946
TI  - The structure and phylogenetic significance of the flagellar transition region in
      the chlorophyll c-containing algae.

PMID- 396947
TI  - Past and present practices of hemostasis in dentistry and oral surgery.

PMID- 396948
TI  - Contrasting philosophies of two dental leaders: Charles E. Bentley and David A.
      Ferguson.

PMID- 396949
TI  - A description of a dentist's laboratory in a 19th century popular magazine.

PMID- 396950
TI  - Presentation of the Academy Plaque to Saul Jarcho, M.D.

PMID- 396951
TI  - Presentation of the Academy Medal to Maclyn McCarty, M.D.

PMID- 396952
TI  - Henri Dunant and the Red Cross.

PMID- 396953
TI  - The relationship between reproductive activity and blood calcium in the calcium
      deficient hen.
AB  - 1. The dependence of reproductive activity in the laying hen upon adequate
      calcium intake has been investigated. 2. The response of plasma luteinising
      hormone concentration in calcium-deficient, as compared with calcium-replete
      hens, to injections of luteinising hormone releasing hormone and progesterone
      suggested that the primary site of reproductive dysfunction is the hypothalamus
      rather than the pituitary gland. 3. Laying hens, when presented with a calcium
      deficient diet, ceased to lay as the plasma ionised calcium concentration
      decreased to less than 1.0 mM, supporting the view that there is a threshold of
      blood calcium activity below which reproductive activity ceases. 4.
      Supplementation of the diet with calcium produced an immediate restoration of
      plasma ionised calcium concentration to normal, despite an interval of a few days
      before the plasma total calcium returned to normal and egg laying resumed.

PMID- 396954
TI  - The adverse effects of nicarbazin on reproductive activity in the hen.
AB  - The effects of the anticoccidial agent nicarbazin on reproductive activity in the
      female fowl have been studied. 2. The drug had no effect on the plasma
      concentration of luteinising hormone, but treated hens showed a reduced
      hypothalamic sensitivity to exogenous progesterone, whilst the capacity of the
      pituitary to respond to luteinising hormone releasing hormone was unimpaired. 3.
      It is suggested that nicarbazin not only prevents yolk deposition within the
      ovary but also adversely affects the stimulatory function of the hypothalamus,
      possibly through an unsuitable hormonal environment.

PMID- 396956
TI  - [Current problems of protection and legislation for mental patients].

PMID- 396955
TI  - [Tribute to Maurice-Marie Janot, 1903--1978].

PMID- 396957
TI  - [Photography and tomodensitometry of the 2 brains on which Broca based his
      anatomoclinical concept of "aphemia"].

PMID- 396958
TI  - [3000 interviews before elective interruption of pregnancy].

PMID- 396960
TI  - [Bronchial fibroscopy and its development].

PMID- 396959
TI  - [Policy on long-term hospitalization].

PMID- 396961
TI  - [Pathogenesis of arthrosis. Current concepts].

PMID- 396962
TI  - [Agnosia for faces: evidence of functional disorganization of a certain type of
      recognition of objects in the physical world].

PMID- 396963
TI  - [Hypercalcemias at an internal medicine service. Clinical, etiological and
      therapeutic study of 55 cases].

PMID- 396965
TI  - [General concept of total-body scanning].

PMID- 396964
TI  - [Renal biopsy in acute uremia. Therapeutic significance and implications for
      hospitals].

PMID- 396966
TI  - [Problems posed by tetanus prevention].

PMID- 396967
TI  - [Comments on a series of 224 interventions for icterogenic cancer of the
      pancreas. Legitimacy of excision?].

PMID- 396968
TI  - [Importance of health education for prevention in geriatrics].

PMID- 396969
TI  - [Comments and proposals on medical education in France].

PMID- 396970
TI  - [Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis. Epidemiology and nosography].

PMID- 396972
TI  - Make Yellow Page ads count!

PMID- 396971
TI  - The philosophy & technic of the overdenture. The tenth of a series.

PMID- 396973
TI  - Curious dental practices of the Middle Ages.

PMID- 396975
TI  - Medical aspects of the preoperative management of aneurysms: a review.
AB  - The aim of medical management of a patient with a recently ruptured intracranial
      aneurysm is to preserve residual brain function and prevent systemic
      complications. Surgery should be performed as soon as the patient is in good
      neurological condition. Most fatalities result from the destructive effects of
      the initial hemorrhage, but delayed ischemic neurologic deficit can result from
      vasospasm and rebleeding. Systemic complications of the brain damaged state
      result in a smaller proportion of deaths. Common medical problems are reviewed as
      well as their medical management. In particular, some special problems related to
      subarachnoid hemorrhage such as cerebral edema and herniations, rebleeding, and
      vasospasm are also considered. Major recent advances have been the introduction
      of antifibrinolytic therapy, the realization of the importance of maintaining
      blood volume and pressure, as well as general advances in respiratory care.

PMID- 396976
TI  - Group B streptococcal infection in the newborn.

PMID- 396974
TI  - Sensations from surgically transferred glabrous skin; central versus peripheral
      factors.
AB  - In reinnervated skin transferred from the foot to the hand, sensory thresholds
      approach normal values--an observation not predicted by the theoretical
      relationship between innervation density and tactile acuity. Therefore, we
      suggest that innervation density is not the major factor determining tactile
      acuity. Rather, the hand region of the central somesthetic map may be specialized
      to provide a calibre of function unavailable to other regions.

PMID- 396977
TI  - Effect of insulin-induced hypoglycemia on the serum concentrations of thyroxine,
      triiodothyronine and reverse triiodothyronine.
AB  - The effect of insulin-induced hypoglycemia on serum thyroid hormone
      concentrations was studied in nine healthy individuals. Before, during and after
      the hypoglycemia blood samples were taken for measurement of the concentrations
      of glucose, thyroxine (T(4)), triiodothyronine (T(3)), reverse triiodothyronine
      (rT(3)), catecholamines and pituitary hormones.There was no change in the mean
      serum T(4) level (+/- the standard error of the mean) of 67 +/- 2 mug/l. However,
      the T(3) concentrations rose from a mean basal level of 1.86 +/- 0.06 mug/l to a
      mean peak of 2.51 +/- 0.21 mug/l (P < 0.01) at 45 minutes after the insulin
      injection, and the rT(3) concentrations fell from a mean basal level of 0.184 +/-
      0.008 mug/l to a mean nadir of 0.171 +/- 0.022 mug/l (not a significant change).
      The mean peak epinephrine level was 545 +/- 103 ng/l and it occurred between 30
      and 45 minutes after the insulin injection; the mean peak norepinephrine level
      was 584 +/- 114 ng/l and it occurred between 30 and 90 minutes after the
      injection. The growth hormone levels reached a mean peak of 26.1 +/- 4.8 mug/l
      and the plasma cortisol levels rose to 215 +/- 9 mug/l. The mean basal prolactin
      level was 8.5 +/- 0.9 mug/l; in five subjects there was a rise to a mean peak of
      50.6 +/- 14.6 mug/l, whereas in the remaining four no significant increase
      occurred. No correlation was found between the changes in the serum T(3)
      concentration and any of the other factors studied.It was concluded that acute
      hypoglycemia is associated with a rapid increase in the serum T(3) concentration.

PMID- 396978
TI  - Proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy in swine: an outbreak and review of the
      literature.
AB  - An account is given of an acute outbreak of hemorrhagic enteric disease in 34
      young adult boars of primarily Yorkshire breeding at a performance testing
      station in Western Canada. Two of the boars died. A diagnosis of proliferative
      hemorrhagic enteropathy was made on the basis of clinical signs, gross necropsy
      and histopathological lesions. Campylobacter-like bacteria were seen in the
      apical cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the ileal mucosa by Warthin-Faulkner
      stain on histological sections, but were not isolated on culture. Treatment with
      several drugs simultaneously was associated with termination of the outbreak, but
      the therapeutic effect was not controlled by leaving some animals untreated.
      Reported sequelae, such as porcine intestinal adenomatosis, were not present at
      necropsy or slaughter of pigs surviving the outbreak, but all were killed no
      longer than two months after the first case was observed. This outbreak is
      discussed in the context of previously reported hemorrhagic enteric conditions of
      pigs.

PMID- 396979
TI  - Differential effect of a microsomal deacetylase inhibition on the mutagenicity in
      Salmonella typhimurium of 2-acetylaminofluorene by liver homogenates of guinea
      pigs, mice and rats.
AB  - The effect of paraoxon, a microsomal deacetylase inhibitor, on the mutant
      genicity of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) by liver homogenates was compared between
      the AAF carcinogenesis-resistant guinea pigs and the susceptible mice and rats.
      The mutagenicity of AAF was mostly abolished by paraoxon, not only in the 3 kinds
      of untreated animals but also in guinea pigs treated with a combination of
      phenobarbital and 5,6-benzoflavone, whereas about 50% of the mutagenicity was
      resistant to paraoxon in treated mice and rats. We suggest that microsomal
      deacetylase activity is crucially involved in the mutagenic activation of AAF by
      guinea pig liver homogenates, while the enzyme activity other than the
      deacetylase activity is also important in the activation by liver homogenates
      from treated mice or rats.

PMID- 396980
TI  - A cytofluorometric assay for alpha-glucosidase in granulocytes.

PMID- 396981
TI  - Paleobiophysical studies on tooth tissues by microfluorometry and Raman
      spectrometry.

PMID- 396982
TI  - [Casopis Lekaru Ceskych 50 years ago].

PMID- 396983
TI  - [Ischaemic heart disease risk factor correlation in patients after myocardial
      infarction (author's transl)].

PMID- 396984
TI  - [Dr. Blazena Jirsova--first editor of the division of medical publications (June
      6, 1901--September 3, 1979)].

PMID- 396985
TI  - The role of the doctor and medical assistant. Part I.

PMID- 396987
TI  - CAPS jottings on malaria 5. Antibiotic cocktails.

PMID- 396986
TI  - CAPS jottings on malaria. 4. Ronald Ross.

PMID- 396988
TI  - [Epidemiology: historical development of its concept].

PMID- 396989
TI  - [Precancerous lesions and conditions].

PMID- 396990
TI  - [Biochemical trials for human Streptococcus mutans cultures].

PMID- 396991
TI  - [Chemotherapy for dental plaque bacteria; review of the literature].

PMID- 396992
TI  - [Ludwig von Beethoven: hypothesis about his deafness].

PMID- 396993
TI  - [Karyotype, toxoplasma investigation, and the LAI test in women with spontaneous
      abortions].

PMID- 396995
TI  - [Modern methods of treating fractures of the lower jaw (review)].

PMID- 396994
TI  - [The use of high effectiveness gel chromatography in the preparation of antigen
      for the LAI test in gynecological neoplasms].

PMID- 396996
TI  - [Pigmentary glaucoma].

PMID- 396998
TI  - [Keratoplasty in aphakic corneal dystrophy].

PMID- 397000
TI  - [Perlon sutures with a new overcast technic in cataract surgery].

PMID- 396997
TI  - [From the Grave Hospital to the great army. Dominique Larrey's ophthalmology].

PMID- 396999
TI  - [Incontinentia pigmentia: apropos of a pseudogliomatous form].

PMID- 397001
TI  - [Stimucoeur--5 years' experience of a journal with a double impact].

PMID- 397002
TI  - [The Reading Committee of a regional journal. Functions and results].

PMID- 397003
TI  - [Medical bilingualism: 20 years' experience].

PMID- 397004
TI  - Proteins and glycoproteins from human erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium
      falciparum.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine whether metabolites of parasite origin
      are incorporated into the "knob-like" protrusions of membranes of erythrocytes
      infected with Plasmodium falciparum. Intraerythrocytic parasites were grown in
      culture and labelled metabolically with ((35)S)-methionine. Fractions enriched in
      membranes with knobs and fractions poor in knobs were prepared and analysed by
      sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Labelled components
      were visualized by autoradiography. Fractions enriched in membranes with knobs
      showed a consistent relative increase in a labelled band with an apparent
      relative molecular mass around 70-80 thousand. Membrane-enriched fractions were
      also tested for glycoprotein components using lectin-binding. No differences were
      observed between wheat germ agglutinin-binding components in membranes from
      normal and parasitized erythrocytes. On the other hand, membranes from
      parasitized erythrocytes showed distinct concanavalin A-binding components around
      70-80 thousand relative molecular mass range. Further experiments are required to
      conclude whether the metabolically labelled protein component observed within the
      same relative molecular mass range is a membrane-associated glycoprotein
      identical to the concanavalin A-binding component.

PMID- 397005
TI  - Fractionation and characterization of Plasmodium falciparum antigens.
AB  - In human malarial infections, the immunological importance of modified host cell
      components and of parasite antigens that may be released on spontaneous rupture
      of infected erythrocytes in vivo is not known. It is difficult, however, to
      analyse antigens extracted from entire parasitized red cells because of
      contamination with normal red cell constituents, notably haemoglobin. To overcome
      this problem, a simple chromatographic procedure has been developed that
      concentrates antigens and radiolabelled parasite products in a separate fraction
      from haemoglobin. Details are also given of investigations of two different kinds
      of antigen associated with Plasmodium falciparum. One antigen known to be
      immunogenic in man is shown to be associated with membranes. The other antigen is
      poorly immunogenic in man and other animals and is shown to be a soluble, rather
      stable, acidic protein.

PMID- 397006
TI  - Some aspects of serum requirements for continuous cultivation of Plasmodium
      falciparum.
AB  - As possible substitutes or supplements for the human serum requirements for
      continuous cultures of Plasmodium falciparum several different animal sera have
      been tried, including: fresh fetal bovine, sheep, horse, adult bovine, newborn
      calf, swine, commercially supplied fresh-frozen or lyophilized human sera, fatty
      acid-free bovine or human serum albumin, red cell extract, Physiogel, and a serum
      substitute composed of Bacto-peptone, Yeastolate, Lactalbumin hydrolysate,
      polyvinylpyrrolidone, and bovine insulin. None were comparable to the human
      serum, nor did they exhibit any serum-sparing effect. Plasma containing citrate
      phosphate-dextrose (CPD) was nearly as good as serum, but dialysed plasma or
      serum would not support cultures of P. falciparum. Fresh human serum varied from
      lot to lot in its culture supporting properties especially if the concentration
      of serum in the medium was reduced below 10%. At 10% concentrations, however,
      most sera supported the cultures very well.

PMID- 397007
TI  - In vitro propagation of Plasmodium falciparum for merozoite antigens.
AB  - A system with continuous flow of medium that uses disposable tissue culture
      flasks for the in vitro cultivation of P. falciparum is described. This scaled-up
      modification of the Trager and Jensen method gives merozoite yields sufficient
      for experimental vaccine studies in animals. A method of increasing the yield of
      merozoites by decreasing the pH of the medium is presented.

PMID- 397008
TI  - Evidence for environmental modulation of gametocytogenesis in Plasmodium
      falciparum in continuous culture.
AB  - With the introduction of continuous culture of Plasmodium falciparum it has
      become possible to study the factors involved in gametocyte production in vitro
      and thus eliminate the uncontrollable in vivo variables of the host. The authors
      have developed a method for measuring quantitatively the rate of production of
      gametocytes at any time in such cultures. The method is based on an estimation of
      the percentage of ring forms that develop into stage II gametocytes.Using this
      approach, it was found that dilution of cultures with fresh red blood cells so as
      to lower the parasitaemia led to rapid fall in the rate of conversion to
      gametocytes. The conversion rates subsequently rose again to levels typically in
      the order of 10% after several days of growth in the new culture. In the parental
      cultures from which the dilutions were made, conversion rates remained high at
      all times. This pattern was consistently observed in three different isolates of
      P. falciparum from Africa and the results indicate that the reduction of
      parasitaemia by addition of fresh cells was responsible for reducing production
      of gametocytes and that conditions associated with a period of growth in culture
      induced renewed gametocytogenesis. The authors conclude, therefore, that
      environmental conditions directly modulate the rate of gametocyte production by
      P. falciparum in culture.After 1(1/2) years in culture, parasites have retained
      their ability to produce gametocytes and the gametocytes to undergo
      exflagellation.

PMID- 397009
TI  - Harvest of Plasmodium falciparum merozoites from continuous culture.
AB  - Spontaneously released merozoites were harvested from cultures in which 42-90% of
      the erythrocytes had been infected with mature forms of Plasmodium falciparum at
      the start of incubation. The mature forms had been extracted from asynchronous
      cultures by the use of Ficoll and Plasmagel gradients. As the mature forms
      consisted of both trophozoites and schizonts, merozoites were released into the
      culture medium over a long period of time. The synchrony of merozoite release did
      not appear to be improved by prior exposure of parasites to sorbitol. Over this
      prolonged period of incubation, the yield of merozoites was disappointingly low
      in cultures containing 2.5% of erythrocytes. At erythrocyte concentrations of
      0.01-0.25%, 3-10 times more merozoites were released into the medium; 0.4-2.3
      merozoites per initial mature form were harvested over a 15-19-hour period. In
      addition to merozoites, contents of the culture medium included intact
      erythrocytes, ghost cells, and other cellular fragments. Only intact erythrocytes
      were effectively removed from the medium by simple or Ficoll gradient
      centrifugation. Merozoite preparations that are free from host cellular material
      are important in the development of a human malaria vaccine.

PMID- 397010
TI  - In vitro production and partial purification of Plasmodium falciparum antigen.
AB  - A simple technique for achieving high yields of Plasmodium falciparum parasites
      on a continuous basis is described. The technique is applicable in any
      laboratory. The culture apparatus is also simple and inexpensive and allows
      multiple cultures to be run simultaneously. A total of approximately 1-2 x 10(9)
      parasites can be harvested per culture flask per week requiring the use of only
      40.0 ml of culture medium (RPMI 1640), 5.0 ml of human sera, and 2.0 ml of
      outdated human whole blood. P. falciparum parasites (segmenters containing
      individual merozoites) are cultured in vitro and concentrated 10-15 fold through
      the use of discontinuous bovine serum albumin gradient centrifugation.Commercial
      saponin is purified on a Sephadex G-25 column. The haemolytic effect of purified
      saponin related to human red blood cell concentration is studied. Preliminary
      observations on the action of some synthetic detergents and enzymes on human
      erythrocytes are also reported. Purified saponin is used to lyse red blood cells
      infected with in vitro cultured P. falciparum for the preparation of merozoite
      antigen. Further purification of parasite material is carried out by sucrose
      density gradient centrifugation.

PMID- 397011
TI  - Soluble antigens released in vitro from erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium
      berghei.
AB  - Rat erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium berghei were found to release
      soluble antigenic products in vitro. The supernatants obtained by centrifugation
      of the disrupted cells induced specific transformation of non-adherent spleen
      lymphocytes of convalescent rats and produced precipitation lines with
      antiplasmodial antibodies. In a preliminary experiment they also immunized young
      rats against a viable challenge of P. berghei. It is suggested that the soluble
      material could serve for the purification of an effective protective antigen.

PMID- 397012
TI  - Recent developments in enlarging the scale of production of Plasmodium falciparum
      in vitro.
AB  - Several methods are described for the cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum. They
      include cultivation in (a) flow vessels that contain 12 ml of RBC suspension and
      are harvested three times a week, (b) a "tipper" that provides a similar yield,
      and (c) more recently, a large flat-bottomed vessel that holds 75 ml of
      suspension. Attempts are being made to develop techniques for synchronizing the
      cultures.

PMID- 397013
TI  - [Gastrointestinal hormones--chemistry and biochemistry (author's transl)].

PMID- 397014
TI  - [Regulation of gastrointestinal motility by gastrointestinal hormones (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397015
TI  - [Effect of secretin intramuscularly injected on pancreatic polypeptide, insulin
      and glucagon in diabetic patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 397016
TI  - Lidoflazine in the management of angina pectoris.
AB  - The effect of lidoflazine administration (120 mg t.i.d. for 9 weeks) on work
      tolerance (bicycle ergometer), frequency of anginal attacks, and nitroglycerin
      consumption was investigated in 28 male patients with stable angina pectoris in a
      combined single-blind/double-bline study. Lidoflazine increased work tolerance
      and reduced the frequency of anginal attacks and nitroglycerin consumption. The
      higher work tolerance level was reached at maximal heart rate and heart rate-
      systolic blood pressure product values similar to those before treatment. The
      values of these variables after 3 min of exercise at 60 W, however, were
      significantly lower after treatment with lidoflazine. These findings indicate
      that the heart is performing more economically during lidoflazine treatment. The
      improved work tolerance can probably be ascribed to lidoflazine and not to a
      training effect because of the significant reduction of this variable in the
      patients allocated to placebo as compared to those remaining on lidoflazine
      treatment. The side effects were generally slight. In one patient the
      prolongation of the QT interval due to lidoflazine resulted in rhythm
      disturbances.

PMID- 397017
TI  - Lidoflazine and physical training in the treatment of stable angina pectoris.
AB  - An additive effect in the treatment of angina pectoris by combining lidoflazine
      and physical training was postulated. Twenty-four patients were randomly divided
      into placebo and drug groups and subsequently underwent a 6-month physical
      training program. The drug group had a significantly greater reduction in
      submaximal heart rate than the placebo group. Similar improvements in symptom
      limited exercise capacity were observed in both groups. Resting and maximal
      exercise coronary sinus blood flow and left ventricular oxygen consumption were
      not significantly changed with training in either group. Physical training and
      lidoflazine appear to influence exercise tolerance in the same manner.

PMID- 397018
TI  - Charles G. Drake, M.D.: a biographical sketch.

PMID- 397019
TI  - Microsurgical approach to the anterior cervical spine and spinal cord.
AB  - When the cervical spine is affected by disease that is predominantly anterior, we
      prefer to take an anterior operative approach. Whether or not fusion is indicated
      depends largely upon the case. In general, we do not fuse the spine unless it is
      unstable. Widening of the spinal canal and the neural foramina can be done
      effectively by the anterior route, with or without anterior fusion. When the
      spine is unstable from disease affecting the vertebral bodies, we routinely fuse
      with bone graft or provide mechanical stability with a vertebral body prosthesis
      if life expectancy is short.

PMID- 397020
TI  - The history of microsurgery in neurosurgery.

PMID- 397021
TI  - Vasospasm: an update.

PMID- 397022
TI  - Bibliography of Charles G. Drake, M.D.

PMID- 397024
TI  - Longitudinal studies: what has been learned about the prevention and treatment of
      periodontal disease.

PMID- 397023
TI  - Sucrose taste thresholds and dental caries: implications for dietary counseling.

PMID- 397026
TI  - Prospects for automated differential leucocyte counting in the routine
      laboratory.

PMID- 397025
TI  - The effect of iron compounds on dental caries: a review.

PMID- 397027
TI  - [Diphenpiramide in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: short-time double-blind
      study of its comparison with indomethacin].

PMID- 397028
TI  - [The treatment of herpes zoster with hemocoagulase (Bothrops Jararaca venom)].

PMID- 397030
TI  - [Symptomatology and treatment of the most common intoxications and poisonings.
      II].

PMID- 397029
TI  - [Controlled evaluation of a new synthetic spasmolytic (DA 3177) in/pathology of
      the digestive system].

PMID- 397031
TI  - [Presence of group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus in a group of patients
      hospitalized in a department of general practice].

PMID- 397032
TI  - [Medical therapy of tumors. II].

PMID- 397033
TI  - [Facts and prejudice in the therapy of acute hepatitis].

PMID- 397034
TI  - [Double-blind controlled study of the effects of vincamine hydrochloride on some
      parameters of cardiovascular function in aged bronchopneumopathic patients].

PMID- 397035
TI  - [Neuron damage in diabetes mellitus: study of the possible factors involved and
      the therapeutic problem].

PMID- 397037
TI  - [Contribution to an epidemiological study and the pathogenesis of caseous
      lymphadenitis of sheep (author's transl)].

PMID- 397036
TI  - [Therapy of diabetic retinopathy].

PMID- 397038
TI  - The in situ cellular immune response in BALB/c mice Peyer's patches after
      stimulations with E. coli endotoxin (ECE).

PMID- 397039
TI  - Immunosurveillance and tumorigenesis in BALB/c mice--1. Early reactive state in
      Peyer's patches.

PMID- 397040
TI  - Metabolic disorders in myocardial infarction. Changes in blood serum zinc, growth
      hormone, insulin and glucose concentration in patients with acute myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - The authors examined the concentrations of zinc, HGH, insulin and glucose in
      blood serum of 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Zinc and HGH
      concentrations in blood serum correlated well with changes in the clinical state
      in these patients. The more severe the condition of the patient, the greater zinc
      concentration fall and HGH concentration rise in blood serum were noted. All the
      changes were statistically significant (P less than 0.001) in cases of severe
      clinical course and most distinct in cardiogenic shock. On the other hand, in MI
      of mild course, zinc concentration fall in blood serum was not accompanied by HGH
      rise. A positive correlation between the concentrations of zinc and HGH found in
      normal subjects became negative in patients with acute MI of severe course. The
      changes of zinc and HGH concentrations seem to be due to the non-specific effect
      of acute myocardial stress, particularly enhanced in MI with severe course and
      cardiogenic shock, Observation of the intensity of changes may have prognostic
      significance due to the fact that they were most distinctive in MI of most severe
      course.

PMID- 397041
TI  - Chemonucleolysis by chymopapain.

PMID- 397042
TI  - Problems and controversies in the management of adult respiratory distress
      syndrome.

PMID- 397043
TI  - [Indications, limitations, and procedures in Papineau's operation for chronic
      osteitis of the lower limbs. A report on 68 grafts (author's transl)].

PMID- 397044
TI  - Coptin (sulphadiazine + trimethoprim).

PMID- 397045
TI  - [Blood culture].

PMID- 397046
TI  - [1979 Nobel laureates of physiology and medicine].

PMID- 397047
TI  - [Mitral valve prolapse syndrome].

PMID- 397048
TI  - A short review of pancreatic diabetes in Uganda.

PMID- 397049
TI  - Obituary. Dr. Guy Johnson, m.b., b.s.

PMID- 397050
TI  - Clinical behaviour of certain disinfectants versus a specific antibiotic as
      intracanal medicament.

PMID- 397051
TI  - Surface configuration of the cast gold restoration.

PMID- 397052
TI  - The effect of time of topical application of fluorides on the hardness of etched
      and un-etched enamel surfaces.

PMID- 397053
TI  - The effect of denture adhesives on the palatal mucosa under complete dentures. A
      clinical and histological investigation.

PMID- 397054
TI  - Spectrographic study on the effect of remelting on the ingredients of some dental
      alloys.

PMID- 397056
TI  - The reaction of rat subcutaneous tissue to fluoride enriched zinc phosphate
      cement.

PMID- 397055
TI  - Effect of acid etching on base cement.

PMID- 397057
TI  - Simulated models: a mode for instruction in root planing procedures.

PMID- 397058
TI  - Reconstitution of the solubilized insulin receptor in phospholipid vesicles.
AB  - The insulin receptor was solubilized from turkey erythrocyte membranes by
      extraction with 1% beta-octylglucopyranoside. Insulin binding was enhanced when
      the solubilized material was reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles. The affinity
      of the reconstituted vesicles for various insulins was similar to that of the
      intact membranes: porcine insulin greater than proinsulin greater than
      desoctapeptide insulin. A curvilinear Scatchard plot was obtained for insulin
      binding to the reconstituted system at 15 degrees C. A high affinity association
      constant of 1.4 x 10(9) M-1 was obtained from the Scatchard plot. This is a four
      fold increase over the value for the turkey erythrocyte membrane, which contains
      more highly saturated phospholipids. This suggests that the insulin receptor may
      be sensitive to the lipid composition of the membranes in which it is embedded.

PMID- 397059
TI  - Granulocyte transfusions as a therapy and a prophylaxis of infections in
      neutropenic patients.

PMID- 397060
TI  - A comparative trial of tobramycin vs gentamicin in combination with vancomycin
      and nystatin for alimentary tract suppression in leukemic patients.

PMID- 397061
TI  - Empirical therapy in febrile granulocytopenic patients.

PMID- 397062
TI  - A comparative study of methods for the detection of antibodies to core
      glycolipids.

PMID- 397064
TI  - Treatment of gram-negative bacteremia with antiserum to core glycolipid II. A
      controlled trial of antiserum in patients with bacteremia.

PMID- 397063
TI  - Treatment of gram-negative bacteremia with antiserum to core glycolipid. I. The
      experimental basis of immunity to endotoxin.

PMID- 397065
TI  - Stress breaker design for a mandibular maxillofacial prosthesis.

PMID- 397066
TI  - Dental biomaterials: status of the art, 1975-1978. Part I.

PMID- 397067
TI  - [The effects of electric stress on pancreatic B cell function in rats fed a high
      fat diet (I). Glucose tolerance and glucose-induced insulin release from the
      perfused pancreas (author's transl)].
AB  - The synergistic effects of dietary obesity produced by the feeding of a high fat
      diet and stress induced by electric shocks on glucose tolerance and glucose
      induced insulin release from the perfused pancreas were investigated. Male Wistar
      rats weighing 90 approximately 100 g were fed ad libitum for 12 weeks either a
      control (50% Starch; C) or a high fat diet (40% Butter; F). Some of the rats on
      both diets received 100 electric shocks of 1 sec. duration in the stress session
      for 1 hour per day for the last 3 weeks of the experimental period. Low stress
      (LS) groups were shocked at a fixed time (Inter Shock Interval: 36 sec.). High
      stress (HS) groups were shocked at random (ISI: mean = 36 sec, 9 approximately
      108 sec. variable). Non-stress (NS) groups were not given any shocks. Rats were
      killed at 24 hours after the final stress session. Under NS conditions, rats in
      the F-NS group gained a significant amount of weight and had normal levels of
      fasting plasma glucose and insulin but an impaired glucose tolerance (k = 3.49).
      Insulin release from the perfused pancreas in the F-NS group showed a delay in
      the initiation of release by the stimulation of glucose (16.7 mM), but the total
      amounts of insulin released did not differ from that in the C-NS group. On the
      other hand, the levels of plasma 11-OHCS in the fed state were much more highly
      elevated in the HS group than in the LS group, which was not influenced by the
      high fat diet. The fasting levels of plasma glucose in the F-HS group (121 +/- 7
      mg/100 microliter) were significantly higher than those in the C-HS group (101 +/
      7 mg/100 microliter) in spite of a normal insulin concentration in plasma. In
      contrast to the normal glucose tolerance in the C-HS group (k = 5.14), glucose
      tolerance in the F-HS group (k = 3.04) was impaired. Insulin release from the
      perfused pancreas in response to glucose in both diet group was not significantly
      altered under LS conditions. In the C-HS group, however, the total amount of
      insulin released in the second phase was enhanced to 165% of that in the C-NC
      group. Conversely, in the F-HS group the total amount of insulin released in the
      first phase was significantly decreased to 40% of that in the F-NS group. These
      findings indicate that the elevation of plasma 11-OHCS levels provoked by shocks
      at random rather than in a fixed time schedule is caused by the difficulty in
      predicting shocks, and a chronic stress induced by electric shocks at random
      further impairs glucose tolerance and suppresses glucose-induced insulin release
      in rats fed a high fat diet.

PMID- 397068
TI  - [The effects of electric stress on pancreatic B cell function in rats fed a high
      fat diet (II). Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and glucose metabolism in
      isolated pancreatic islets (author's transl)].

PMID- 397069
TI  - [Study on enzyme immunoassays for the measurement of thyroglobulin and anti
      thyroglobulin autoantibody in human serum (author's transl)].
AB  - Enzyme-linked sandwich immunoassays for the measurement of thyroglobulin and anti
      thyroglobulin autoantibody in human serum using silicone rod and beta-D
      galactosidase were studied. These methods showed excellent results in
      specificity, sensitivity, precision and clinical application. 1) A method using
      silicone rod coated with rabbit (anti-human thyroglobulin) immunoglobulin G and
      rabbit (anti-human thyroglobulin) monovalent fragment of immunoglobulin G (Fab')
      conjugated with beta-D-galactosidase was developed for the measurement of
      circulating thyroglobulin. The sensitivity of the assay with as little as 2
      microliter of serum was 10.7 amoles/tube corresponding to 3.5 ng/ml of serum,
      which was equal to or rather higher than that of radioimmunoassay. The
      correlation coefficient between values determined by the present assay and a
      double-antibody radioimmunoassay was 0.99 (n = 63, p less than 0.001).
      Circulating thyroglobulin was detectable in 90% of 146 normal subjects, the
      concentration being 13.3 +/- 10.3 ng/ml (mean +/- S.D.). Interference of anti
      thyroglobulin autoantibody with the assay for thyroglobulin was smaller than that
      in radioimmunoassay. 2) Another method using human thyroglobulin conjugated with
      beta-D-galactosidase and silicone rod coated with human thyroglobulin was
      developed for the measurement of circulating (anti-human thyroglobulin)
      autoantibody. The sensitivity of the assay with as little as 5 microliter of
      serum was 7 fmoles/tube corresponding to 220 ng/ml of serum, which was equal to
      or rather higher than that of radioimmunoassay. The highly significant
      correlation was observed between the concentrations of anti-thyroglobulin
      autoantibody determined by the present assay and a radioimmunoassay (r = 0.80, n
      = 74, p less than 0.001) and also between those by the present assay and those by
      tanned red cell hemagglutination (r = 0.78, n = 199, p less than 0.001). No
      effect of thyroglobulin on the present assay was observed unless the ratio of the
      amount of thyroglobulin to that of (anti-human thyroglobulin) immunoglobulin G
      was higher than a tenth.

PMID- 397070
TI  - [Cavity impression method utilizing the properties of elastomer impression
      material].

PMID- 397071
TI  - [FGP technic--a technic for simulation of correct dental occlusion].

PMID- 397072
TI  - [Electric discharge-explosion processing for dental use--formation of metal bases
      and metal bonding of porcelain crowns].

PMID- 397073
TI  - [Logical and efficient methods of dental impression taking for a complete
      denture].

PMID- 397075
TI  - [Partial denture base harmless to the teeth and periodontal tissue].

PMID- 397074
TI  - [Clinical problems related to metal bond porcelain].

PMID- 397076
TI  - [Surgical approach to denture stabilization].

PMID- 397077
TI  - [Direct bonding system].

PMID- 397078
TI  - [Television microscopy for plaque control].

PMID- 397079
TI  - ["Better" and "faster" dental care--high power and high speed technics].

PMID- 397081
TI  - [Anterior teeth restoration with crown forms].

PMID- 397080
TI  - [Trends and problems in dental casting].

PMID- 397082
TI  - [Progress in precision casting].

PMID- 397083
TI  - ["Channel tray", a new removable, devisible dental model].

PMID- 397084
TI  - [Use of thread system in clinical practice, with special reference to the Kurer
      anchor system].

PMID- 397085
TI  - [Application of magnets for dental prosthesis and newly developed magnetic
      amalgam for dental casting].

PMID- 397086
TI  - [Metal bonded crown, with special reference to the problems around the tooth neck
      area].

PMID- 397087
TI  - [Precision casting methods].

PMID- 397089
TI  - [Occlusal problems with a denture with a denture base and their management].

PMID- 397088
TI  - [Management of periodontal pockets].

PMID- 397090
TI  - [Teeth and toothache in the history of dentistry].

PMID- 397091
TI  - [Rebasing of the complete denture base, with special reference to cases with
      mandibular difficulties].

PMID- 397092
TI  - [Rebasing of the complete denture base--studies of functional dynamics of the
      mouth mucosa].

PMID- 397093
TI  - [Maurice William, dentist and socialist].

PMID- 397094
TI  - [Periodontal diseases and complement].

PMID- 397095
TI  - [Department of Dentistry at Singapore University during the War].

PMID- 397096
TI  - [Weakening of cast metal].

PMID- 397097
TI  - [Cautions and innovations in the application of Bioceram post implant].

PMID- 397098
TI  - [Stress distribution on the metal bonded porcelain crown--molars].

PMID- 397099
TI  - [Management of dentin sensitivity following surgical treatment of periodontal
      diseases].

PMID- 397100
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Hajime Hayashi].

PMID- 397101
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Mitsuta Manabe].

PMID- 397102
TI  - [Preservation of remaining teeth with a partial denture base--dental care plan].

PMID- 397103
TI  - [Sequential observation of composite resin restoration--use of a replica method].

PMID- 397105
TI  - [Clinical observation of the protective effects of silver ammonia fluoride on the
      dental pulp of the abutment teeth].

PMID- 397104
TI  - [Clinical studies of metal bonded porcelain crowns with nickel chromium alloys-
      with special reference to plasma spray coating].

PMID- 397106
TI  - [Etiology of cleft palate].

PMID- 397107
TI  - [Prosthetic management of a patient who lost the substantial part of his face
      when attacked by a grizzly bear].

PMID- 397108
TI  - [Prosthesis for the deciduous tooth].

PMID- 397109
TI  - [Early days of antibiotics].

PMID- 397110
TI  - [Treatment of the margin in etching--bevel formation and clinical examples].

PMID- 397111
TI  - [Fully baked bonded porcelain crowns, with special reference for molars].

PMID- 397112
TI  - [Effects of glazing on composite resin filling].

PMID- 397113
TI  - [Retentive strength of abutments].

PMID- 397115
TI  - [Problems associated with abutment building and periodontal tissue-
      classification and management of cases].

PMID- 397114
TI  - [Problems associated with abutment building].

PMID- 397116
TI  - [Problems associated with abutment building and periodontal tissue--clinical
      cases].

PMID- 397117
TI  - [Abutment building with a new Kurer anchor (fin lock)].

PMID- 397118
TI  - [Post core kit].

PMID- 397119
TI  - [Cracks in enamel structure caused by high speed cutting instruments].

PMID- 397120
TI  - [Kiyoshi Horiuchi and Yumeji Takehisa].

PMID- 397122
TI  - [Difficult cases involving a complete denture--in relation to FB-30, an
      artificial molar].

PMID- 397121
TI  - [Effects of mouthwash (containing chlorhexidine) on periodontal diseases].

PMID- 397124
TI  - [Main reason for the difficulties associated with the complete denture is its
      supportive system--application of the philosophy of bladed metal teeth].

PMID- 397123
TI  - [Use of cuspless teeth in problem cases].

PMID- 397125
TI  - [Functional molding impression technic].

PMID- 397127
TI  - Effectiveness of dental floss in oral hygiene practice.

PMID- 397126
TI  - [Clinical trial of a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic, 31252-S, for
      postoperative pain following tooth extraction and minor ambulatory surgery].

PMID- 397128
TI  - Preventive dentistry in the Veterans Administration.

PMID- 397129
TI  - Immune reactions and periodontal disease.

PMID- 397130
TI  - Motivating people to oral health.

PMID- 397131
TI  - Contradictions in endodontics.

PMID- 397132
TI  - The surveyed cast crown--key to more successful partials.

PMID- 397133
TI  - Fabrication of inlays--the assistant's role.

PMID- 397134
TI  - Saving a bridge.

PMID- 397135
TI  - Vocal presedation--relaxes before conscious sedation.

PMID- 397136
TI  - Termination of the root canal filling.

PMID- 397138
TI  - Vacuum molding of custom trays--training the assistant.

PMID- 397137
TI  - Case report--repair of a 7-year-old blade implant.

PMID- 397139
TI  - Office casting on the way out?

PMID- 397140
TI  - Maintaining the air turbine handpiece.

PMID- 397141
TI  - Temporomandibular joint relations as revealed by conventional radiographic
      techniques. A comparison with the morphology and tomographic images.

PMID- 397142
TI  - Partial denture design. Part 2. Basic principles of design.

PMID- 397143
TI  - Solid phase immunosorbent technique (SPIT) for the demonstration of specific IGM
      antibodies by hemagglutination inhibition and passive hemagglutination.
AB  - The adsorption of protein to glass and plastic has been well documented. It has
      also been demonstrated that the absorbed antigen or antibodies retain their
      activity in as much as they are able to react with a specific antibody respective
      specific antigen(1). Furthermore the adsorbed antignene or antibody complex may
      also react with a later added antigen. Anti IgM is adsorbed to the solid phase
      and will retain IgM from the patient's serum. If the patient's serum contains
      specific IgM this will react with the specific antignene. If the antigen is a
      hemagglutinin it will combine with the specific IgM and therefore added
      erythrocytes will not hemagglutinate. If the antigen is coated on erythrocytes
      the coated erythrocytes will combine with the specific IgM and hemagglutination
      will take place. The reaction is schematically demonstrated in Fig. 1.

PMID- 397144
TI  - Staphylococci--incidence and shedding.

PMID- 397145
TI  - The etiology and treatment of denture stomatitis.

PMID- 397147
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Salvador Aceves].

PMID- 397146
TI  - [Medicine as a science in Claude Bernard. Commemoration of the centenary of his
      death].

PMID- 397148
TI  - Occlusal rests and stress equalizers incorporated into Swing-Lock partial denture
      design.

PMID- 397149
TI  - Biofeedback: the emergence of a new dental and medical perspective.

PMID- 397150
TI  - Seasonal variation in the frequencies of the alcohol dehydrogenase isoalleles of
      Drosophila: correlation with environmental factors.

PMID- 397151
TI  - [Pancreatic function in workers of the petroleum industry].

PMID- 397153
TI  - [Study of antibodies against parietal cells of the stomach by the indirect
      immunofluorescence method].

PMID- 397152
TI  - [Leukocyte migration inhibition test in contact allergic stomatitis].

PMID- 397154
TI  - [Congenital malformations in the Starachowice medical region during the years
      1973-1977].

PMID- 397155
TI  - Progress in acute leukemia 1975-1978.

PMID- 397156
TI  - Memorial tribute to Dr. Frederick Stohlman.

PMID- 397157
TI  - Tumor cell mediated degradation in vitro of antitumor antibodies.

PMID- 397158
TI  - [Extensive avulsion injuries of the lower extremities].

PMID- 397159
TI  - [Early tangential excision and skin grafting of deep burns].

PMID- 397160
TI  - The mitomycin antibiotics.

PMID- 397161
TI  - [A new derivative of ibuprofen and its use in long-term treatment of progressive
      polyarthritis].

PMID- 397162
TI  - [Anti-diabetic drugs].

PMID- 397163
TI  - A prospect on cancer immunology.
AB  - There are several factors involved in studying cancer immunology. For
      convenience, those factors can be consolidated into two. Firstly, no definite
      tumor-specific or -associated antigen has been ascertained as yet, except for
      certain types of tumor. Secondly, there is no definite pattern of immune response
      of the host against weak antigenic tumor cells. Nobody knows as to what is the
      nature of the tumor-specific antigen even if it exists, and nobody knows the
      escape mechanism of tumor cells from the immune defence of the host. There have
      been a number of approaches for cancer immunotherapy, but so far there has been
      no definite answer as to whether immunotherapy is a promising approach for cancer
      treatment. In this review, cancer immunology is divided into three separate
      subjects. The first of these is tumor antigen; the second, the immune response
      against tumor antigen; and the third, methods of attacking tumor cells by
      immunological means including how to increase the antigenicity of tumor cells
      (xenogenization), and how to increase the immune response of the host
      (immunotherapy).

PMID- 397165
TI  - Hexachlorobenzene.

PMID- 397164
TI  - Heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide.

PMID- 397166
TI  - Hexachlorophene.

PMID- 397167
TI  - Methoxychlor.

PMID- 397168
TI  - Mirex.

PMID- 397169
TI  - Toxaphene (polychlorinated camphenes).

PMID- 397170
TI  - Carbon tetrachloride.

PMID- 397171
TI  - Chloroform.

PMID- 397172
TI  - 1,2-Dichloroethane.

PMID- 397173
TI  - Dichloromethane.

PMID- 397174
TI  - Chlordane.

PMID- 397175
TI  - 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane.

PMID- 397176
TI  - Tetrachloroethylene.

PMID- 397177
TI  - 1,1,1-Trichloroethane.

PMID- 397178
TI  - Trichloroethylene.

PMID- 397179
TI  - Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate.

PMID- 397180
TI  - Dichlorvos.

PMID- 397181
TI  - Diethylstilboestrol and diethylstilboestrol dipropionate.

PMID- 397182
TI  - General remarks on sex hormones.

PMID- 397184
TI  - Age disturbance of glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 397183
TI  - Oestrogens and progestins in relation to human cancer.

PMID- 397185
TI  - Some mechanisms of changes in external respiration during the menstrual cycle and
      pregnancy.

PMID- 397186
TI  - Physiological analysis of physical development with special reference to the
      newborn infant.

PMID- 397188
TI  - Endosseous endodontic dental implants: a basic review.

PMID- 397187
TI  - Evaluation of 564 implant patients (1540 implants).

PMID- 397189
TI  - The Weiss/Bartoli universal perio-prosthetic oral implantology healing system
      (OIHS).

PMID- 397190
TI  - Effect of cold stress on the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal axis in male albino
      rat.

PMID- 397191
TI  - Leydig cell function in relation to circulating testosterone & LH in rats during
      postnatal development.

PMID- 397192
TI  - Obituary. Vasant Ramji Khanolkar born 13th April 1895. Founder president of
      Indian Association of Pathologists.

PMID- 397193
TI  - Post-tetracycline candidiasis in albino rats.

PMID- 397195
TI  - Prolongation of the saralasin responsive state of two-kidney, one clip Goldblatt
      hypertension in the rat by the orally administered converting enzyme inhibitor
      captopril (SQ14,225).
AB  - Two-kidney, one clip Goldblatt rats were treated with oral converting enzyme
      inhibitor captopril (SQ14,225) 6 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks after they had developed
      hypertension. Before treatment, systolic blood pressure rose from 143 to 202 mm
      Hg (p less than 0.05). Tail vein infusions of saralasin 10 microgram/kg/min in
      conscious rats reduced systolic blood pressure from 202 to 121 mm Hg (p less than
      0.05) at 8 weeks after clipping the renal artery and before treatment with
      captopril. Chronic treatment with captopril for 3 additional weeks lowered blood
      pressure to 173 mm Hg (p less than 0.05). When saralasin infusion was repeated
      during treatment with captopril, blood pressure fell from 173 to 159 mm Hg (p
      less than 0.05). Blood pressure rose to 197 mm Hg within 4 days after captopril
      was discontinued and saralasin infusion 3 weeks after captopril (15 weeks after
      clipping the renal artery) again resulted in a dramatic fall in blood pressure
      from 197 to 142 mm Hg (p less than 0.05). Goldblatt rats who had not received
      captopril showed no blood pressure response to saralasin infusion at 12 weeks
      after renal artery clipping. The present study demonstrates that partial
      inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system with captopril results in a delay in
      the natural evolution of clip hypertension retarding the appearance of
      hypertension that is resistant to acute saralasin infusion.

PMID- 397194
TI  - Separation of dog brain renin-like activity from acid protease activity.
AB  - A renin-like enzyme and acid protease (cathepsin) from whole and saline-pefused
      dog brains were separated by CM-cellulose chromatography with a linear NaCl
      gradient. Plasma renin and cathepsin were also separated using the same system.
      During the separation steps (in all the above cases) the specific activity of the
      brain renin-like enzyme was increased, while the specific activity of the brain
      cathepsin was decreased. Approximately a 70-fold increase in the specific
      activity of brain renin-like enzyme and a sixfold decrease in brain cathepsin
      specific activity was obtained from saline-perfused brain. The separation made it
      possible to study the pH optimum of the brain renin-like enzyme and acid
      protease. The brain renin-like enzyme showed optimal activity in the range of pH
      6-7. Immunologically, the renin-like enzyme was distinctly different from dog
      kidney renin.

PMID- 397196
TI  - Glycophorin A as a cell surface marker of early erythroid differentiation in
      acute leukemia.
AB  - We show here that the leukemic blast cells from three patients of a total of 15
      subsequently diagnosed as having acute leukemia express on their surface the
      major red cell sialoglycoprotein, glycophorin A (GP-A). This was demonstrated (1)
      by indirect immunofluorescence using rabbit anti GP-A anti-serum and (2) by
      immune precipitation of GP-A from surface radiolabelled leukemic cells. Since GP
      A is exclusively present on erythroid cells and their precursors, these findings
      indicate that a higher proportion of the blast leukemias than previously
      recognized show features of early erythroid differentiation.

PMID- 397197
TI  - An assay for estradiol preceptors using a staphylococcal protein-A--estradiol
      antibody adsorbent.
AB  - Antiestradiol antisera were raised in rabbits by immunization with a steroid
      protein conjugate Whole antisera and purified antiestradiol antibodies were
      reacted with heat-killed and formalin-fixed bacteria from the protein-A-bearing
      strain of Staphilococcus aureus (Cowan I, NCTC 8530). The bacterial
      immunoadsorbent was used to estimate the estrogen-receptor proteins contained in
      several specimens from human breast carcinoma. Since the affinity constant for
      estradiol of antiestradiol antibodies is about 10(8) M-1 while those for breast
      estrogen-receptor complexes are about 10(9) to 10(10) M-1, it is possible to
      remove the free steroid from a reaction mixture containing tissue cytosol, radio
      labelled estradiol, and the antiestradiol bacterial adsorbent by pelleting the
      bacteria at low-speed centrifugation. The radiolabelled estradiol molecules bound
      to their receptors remain in the supernatant and can be easily counted by liquid
      scintillation counting. The results obtained by this technique on specimens of
      human breast carcinomas compared more than satisfactorily with those obtained, on
      separated aliquots from the same specmens, by the dextran-coated charcoal method,
      according to the EORTC group (1973). The versatility, specificity and stability
      of the antiestradiol bacterial immunoadsorbent recommend its use, rather than
      that of charcoal-coated dextran and other non-specific steroid adsorbents, in the
      mass screening of patients with breast carcinoma which could be amenable to
      hormonal therapy.

PMID- 397198
TI  - Comparative tumor-inhibitory and anti-bacterial activity of soluble and
      particulate glucan.
AB  - A soluble fraction of particulate glucan was prepared and evaluated for its anti
      tumor and anti-bacterial activity. Thin-layer chromatographic analysis indicated
      that the soluble preparation was composed of a variety of polyglucoses.
      Intravenous administration of soluble or particulate glucan resulted in
      significant reductions in the growth of a syngeneic anaplastic mammary carcinoma
      and melanoma B16. Survival data demonstrated that intravenous administration of
      soluble or particulate glucan prolonged survival of A/J and C57BL/6J mice with
      subcutaneous tumor implants. As regards to bacterial infections, soluble and
      particulate glucan decreased renal necrosis in S. aureus challenged mice as
      compared to control mice. Although the exact nature of the active soluble
      fraction(s) of glucan remains to be delineated, these studies demonstrate that a
      soluble glucan preparation exhibits significant anti-tumor and anti
      staphylococcal activity. The active soluble fraction of particulate glucan may be
      preferable to particulate glucan in view of the inherent ease of parenteral
      administration.

PMID- 397199
TI  - Effect of salt solutions on the radiosensitivity of mammalian cells as a function
      of the state of adhesion and the water structure.
AB  - The radiation isodose survival curve of attached Chinese hamster (V79) cells,
      subjected to a wide concentration range of salt or sucrose solutions, is
      characterized by two maxima separated by a minimum. Cells are radioprotected at
      the maxima (high and low hypertonic salt concentrations) while they are
      radiosensitized at the minimum (intermediate hypertonic salt concentrations).
      Both cations and anions can alter the cellular radiosensitivity above and beyond
      the (osmotic) effect observed for cells treated with sucrose solutions. However,
      the basic curve shape, except in the case of sulphate salts, remains the same.
      When these experiments are repeated with single cells in suspension, the isodose
      survival curve is quite different in that high salt concentrations (greater than
      0.9 M) do not protect cells in suspension unlike the case with attached cells.
      The curve shape is also altered in that the second maximum is absent with many
      salt solutions. If multicellular spheroids are used for these experiments, the
      data resemble those for single cell suspensions rather than for attached cells.
      The radiation survival data for cells in suspension in salt solutions correlate
      with water proton spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) and, in hypo- and iso-tonic
      solutions, with cell volume.

PMID- 397201
TI  - Post-irradiation degradation and strand breaks in DNA; the sequence of events in
      E. coli.

PMID- 397200
TI  - Modification of high LET radiation-induced damage and its repair in yeast by
      hypoxia.
AB  - The lethal response of a diploid yeast strain BZ34 to densely ionizing radiations
      from the reaction 10B(n, alpha)7 Li was studied. The values for relative
      biological effectiveness (r.b.e.) and oxygen enhancement ratio (o.e.r.) for this
      radiation compare favourably with the data obtained with charged particles on the
      same strain of yeast. Recovery from potentially lethal damage was also studied by
      post-irradiation holding under non-nutrient conditions. In order to understand
      the role of oxygen in the recovery process, the investigation covered the
      following treatment regimens: (a) aerobic irradiation and aerobic holding (A-A),
      (b) aerobic irradiation and hypoxic holding (A-H), (c) hypoxic irradiation and
      hypoxic holding (H-H) and (d) hypoxic irradiation and aerobic holding (H-A). It
      has been found that the presence of oxygen is essential for recovery from the
      damage induced by both gamma rays and high linear energy transfer (LET)
      radiations. The extent of recovery was larger for gamma-induced damage than for
      damage induced by high LET radiation (alpha + 7Li) for the A-A condition. In the
      H-H condition, while only a slight recovery was seen for gamma-induced damage, it
      was totally absent for high LET damage. For the modality A-H, it was found that
      there is not recovery from the sparsely ionising gamma radiation-induced damage.
      The implications of these results for the treatment of malignant tumours by
      radiotherapy are briefly discussed.

PMID- 397202
TI  - Modification of radiation effects on E. coli B/r and a radiosensitive mutant Bs-1
      by membrane-binding drugs.

PMID- 397203
TI  - Experimental neuropathology and clinical neurology of chloroquine side effects.

PMID- 397204
TI  - Dax's law.

PMID- 397205
TI  - Presensitization patterns in renal allograft recipients--a correlation with graft
      outcome.

PMID- 397206
TI  - Neurogenic aspects of essential hypertension in man.

PMID- 397207
TI  - Laboratory contamination in the early period of radiation research.

PMID- 397209
TI  - Biomedical potential of the sea.

PMID- 397210
TI  - Adriamycin cardiotoxicity in stage IV breast cancer: possible enhancement with
      prior left chest radiation therapy.

PMID- 397211
TI  - Max Planck.

PMID- 397213
TI  - The teaching of endodontics abroad.

PMID- 397212
TI  - Current concepts in cancer: updated cervix cancer III. Stages III and IV.
      Combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

PMID- 397214
TI  - Anatomy, access and canal length measurement.

PMID- 397215
TI  - The proceedings of the first Workshop on Endodontics for teachers of conservative
      dentistry. Instrumentation.

PMID- 397216
TI  - Irrigation and medication of the root canal.

PMID- 397217
TI  - Root filling techniques.

PMID- 397218
TI  - Surgical endodontics.

PMID- 397219
TI  - Biochemical characterization of unidentified microaerophilic cocci isolated from
      heifer and dry-cow mastitis.
AB  - Thirty-nine strains of gram-positive microaerophilic cocci isolated from cases of
      heifer and dry-cow mastitis were biochemically characterized with the API 50E and
      API-ZYM test kit systems, gas-liquid chromatography for analysis of end products
      of glucose metabolism, and anaerobic biochemical tests (L. V. Holdeman, E. P.
      Cato, and W. E. C. Moore, Anaerobe Laboratory Manual, Virginia Polytechnic
      Institute, Blacksburg, 1977). Strains were screened for production of a variety
      of extracellular enzymes on substrate-containing agar plates and for hemolysin
      and coagulase production. Antibiotic susceptibility and sensitivity tests were
      also performed. The microaerophilic cocci displayed homogeneity with respect to
      the majority of the biochemical tests used; i.e., greater than or equal to 90% of
      the strains were consistently positive or negative in any one test and probably
      represent one species. All produced deoxyribonuclease, ribonuclease, and
      hyaluronidase, and 92% were positive for chondroitin sulfatase. Catalase and
      coagulase tests were negative. Greening was observed on bovine blood agar. Acetic
      and succinic acids were produced by all strains as the only detectable products
      of glucose metabolism. The strains were susceptible to penicillin G, cefoxitin,
      doxycycline, and chloramphenicol and were resistant to clindamycin, novobiocin,
      and metronidazole. Their taxonomic position remains unclear.

PMID- 397220
TI  - Failure of serology in diagnosing chlamydial infections of the female genital
      tract.
AB  - Chlamydia trachomatis was recoved from 20% (36/180) of women attending a venereal
      disease clinic. All infected women had chlamydial antibodies in their serum and
      cervical secretions. However, the background rates of chlamydial antibody in
      chlamydia-negative women were very high. Measurement of antibodies in serum
      (complement fixation or immunoglobulin G [IgG] and IgM by
      microimmunofluorescence) or cervical secretion (IgG, IgM, IgA or secretory IgA
      classes) did not result in predictive values of greater than 32%. It is concluded
      that the detection of chlamydial antibodies in serum or cervical secretions
      cannot be substituted for agent isolation in diagnosing these infections.

PMID- 397221
TI  - Vibrio alginolyticus infections in humans.
AB  - Two clinical isolates of Vibrio alginolyticus from New Jersey are reported, one
      from a mixed stump infection and the other grown in pure culture from the
      conjunctival discharge of a man with conjunctivitis. The biochemical
      characteristics and antibiotic susceptibilities of these two isolates are
      presented. Human infections caused by V. alginolyticus are reviewed.

PMID- 397222
TI  - Evaluation of a biphasic medium for blood cultures.
AB  - A study comparing the recovery of microorganisms from a transiently vented
      biphasic brain heart infusion medium bottle and a vacuum bottle containing
      tryptic soy broth demonstrated that growth was initially detected on the slant of
      the biphasic bottle or on a routine subculture of either broth in nearly 50% of
      instances. All organisms were isolated equally well in both bottles, with the
      exception of Staphylococcus aureus, which was isolated significantly more
      frequently from the biphasic bottle, and anaerobic bacteria, which were isolated
      significantly more frequently from the tryptic soy broth bottle.

PMID- 397224
TI  - Rapid identification of Enterobacteriaceae from blood cultures with the Micro-ID
      system.
AB  - Micro-ID is a new test system designed to identify members of the family
      Enterobacteriaceae in 4 h. It consists of 15 biochemical tests on reagent
      impregnated paper disks; each test is in its own compartment in a molded plastic
      tray. Based on the pattern of positive and negative biochemical reactions, a five
      digit octal code number is calculated. A computer-generated identification manual
      accompanies the product, and for each octal code listed there is a numerical
      value that represents the unknown isolate's degree of fit to a typical organism
      (LFR), a second numerical value that represents its separation from other
      organisms (PNOR), and a verbal description of the quality of identification. Only
      one reagent is added to the system. Manufacturer's directions were modified in
      this laboratory to allow identification from a turbid blood culture bottle within
      4 h. Based on 330 routine clinical cultures tested, there was a 96.1% agreement
      with conventional identification to the genus and species level: 1.2% yielded
      first two choices possible, with one being the correct choice; 1.2% provided a
      correct genus, but no species identification; and 1.5% produced an incorrect
      identification. The Micro-ID is an accurate, facile system for the rapid
      identification of Enterobacteriaceae from blood cultures.

PMID- 397223
TI  - Measure of immunoglobulin G-, M-, and A-specific titers against Legionella
      pneumophila and inhibition of titers against nonspecific, gram-negative bacterial
      antigens in the indirect immunofluorescence test for legionellosis.
AB  - A crude extract of Escherichia coli O13:K92:H4 inhibited 97% of positive indirect
      immunofluorescence titers against a variety of gram-negative bacterial antigens
      while lowering Legionella pneumophila titers in only 6% of sera from patients
      with suspected legionellosis. Legionella-specific titers were the result of
      immunoglobulins G, M, and A, singly or in combination.

PMID- 397225
TI  - Evaluation and comparison of two assays for detection of immunity to rubella
      infection.
AB  - Two commercially available rapid screening tests, Rubacell (Abbott Laboratories;
      passive hemagglutination) and FIAX (International Diagnostic Technology; indirect
      immunofluorescence) were compared with a standard hemagglutination inhibition
      assay for detection of immunity to rubella infection. In tests of approximately
      300 sera, both rapid assays were specific and sensitive and showed a high
      predictive value of a positive result. Within-run reproducibility studies were
      excellent for both tests; however, Rubacell was superior to FIAX with respect to
      time-cost analysis.

PMID- 397226
TI  - Comparison of a semiautomated fluorescent immunoassay system and indirect
      immunofluorescence for detection of antinuclear antibodies in human serum.
AB  - A semiautomated fluorescent immunoassay system (FIAX) for detecting anti-nuclear
      antibodies (ANAs) in human serum was compared with conventional indirect
      immunofluorescence using microscope slides (Meloy Laboratories) coated with mouse
      fibroblasts. The FIAX system uses quantitative indirect immunofluorescence to
      measure the specific binding of ANA to a sampler coated with human epithelial
      cells. A total of 101 serum samples were examined for the presence of ANAs by
      employing both methods. At an initial 1:10 screening dilution, 23 samples were
      negative for ANAs by the slide method, whereas 21 samples were negative with the
      FIAX system. Using 2+, 3+, and 4+ subjective brightness, 68 (100%) samples were
      positive by the slide method, whereas 67 (98.5%) were positive with the FIAX
      system. ANA-positive samples were diluted twofold from 1:10 to 1:640, and
      positive titers were determined by both methods. Sixty (77%) of 78 positive
      samples titrated by FIAX came within +/-1 dilution of the titers determined by
      the slide method, and 75 (96%) of the samples fell within +/-2 dilutions. Results
      indicate good correlation between the FIAX system and indirect immunofluorescence
      for the detection of ANAs in human serum. The FIAX system has the advantage of
      speed, reproducibility, and the elimination of subjective microscopic assessment
      of ANA titers.

PMID- 397228
TI  - Bonding/the state of the art. A national survey.

PMID- 397227
TI  - Occurrence of protein A in Staphylococcus aureus and closely related
      Staphylococcus species.
AB  - All but 1 of 143 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were positive for protein A,
      whereas all 34 strains of Staphylococcus hyicus and 123 of 127 strains of
      Staphylococcus intermedius were devoid of this cell wall component.

PMID- 397230
TI  - A new debonding procedure.

PMID- 397229
TI  - The role of acid etching in rebonding.

PMID- 397231
TI  - A simplified diagnostic setup technique.

PMID- 397232
TI  - Indirect bonding: simplicity in action.

PMID- 397233
TI  - Direct bonding update.

PMID- 397234
TI  - Bonded space maintainers.

PMID- 397236
TI  - A simplified bonding procedure for metal and plastic brackets.

PMID- 397238
TI  - The bonded lingual retainer.

PMID- 397237
TI  - Can a case with a 9mm arch discrepancy be treated nonextraction?

PMID- 397235
TI  - Dr. Elliott Silverman, Dr. Morton Cohen, Dr. A.J. Gwinnett on bonding.

PMID- 397239
TI  - Osseous grafting in periodontal therapy.

PMID- 397240
TI  - Perio-ortho: minor tooth movement.

PMID- 397241
TI  - The microbial flora in periodontal lesions and its relation to the etiology of
      periodontal disease in man.

PMID- 397242
TI  - Fate of selected fungicides in a terrestrial laboratory ecosystem.

PMID- 397243
TI  - Relation of temperature to ethylene dibromide desorption from fumigated wheat.

PMID- 397244
TI  - Toxicity and mutagenicity of molds of the Aspergillus glaucus group.
      Identification of physcion and three related anthraquinones as main toxic
      constituents from Aspergillus chevalieri.

PMID- 397279
TI  - Polyether rubber impression technique for infants with clefts of the palate.

PMID- 397280
TI  - Soft plastic mouth guards for use in prevention of self-inflicted oral trauma.

PMID- 397281
TI  - A dose-finding trial with pirprofen in postoperative pain after oral surgery.

PMID- 397282
TI  - Bilateral vascular lesion of tongue, hemangioma and lymphangioma.

PMID- 397283
TI  - The hormonal control of mitosis and meiosis during oogenesis in a blood-sucking
      bug Panstrongylus megistus.

PMID- 397284
TI  - [The fractionation of protein matrix from human dental plaque (author's transl)].

PMID- 397285
TI  - [The extracellular polysaccharides responsible for the adherence of Streptococcus
      mutans to glass surface (author's transl)].

PMID- 397286
TI  - [A study on the change in the intragingival temperature in man (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397287
TI  - [The study of tooth mobility. (1) A new instrument of measuring molar tooth
      mobility by foil strain-gage (author's transl)].

PMID- 397288
TI  - [A study on periodontal dressing materials. Part 9. A supplemental study on the
      tissue reaction of periodontal dressing materials (author's transl)].

PMID- 397289
TI  - [Autoradiographic study of collagen biosynthesis in human gingival explants
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 397290
TI  - [Relationship between periodontal disease and citric acid. II. The effect of
      scaling and brushing on the citric acid contents in pocket exudate and whole
      saliva (author's transl)].

PMID- 397291
TI  - [Relationship between periodontal disease and citric acid. III. Citric acid
      contents in the alveolar bone of the periodontal patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 397292
TI  - [Histopathological study of the food impaction in rats (author's transl)].

PMID- 397293
TI  - [Reduction of bad breath from the periodontal patients by dilute hydrogen
      peroxide solution (author's transl)].

PMID- 397294
TI  - [Clinical effect of "Dencure" tooth paste agent on chronic marginal periodontitis
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 397295
TI  - [A colorimetric study of gingival color in periodontal patients (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397296
TI  - [A roentgeno-cephalometric study on the dentocraniofacial morphology of the
      individuals with the complete unilateral cleft lip and palate--three dimensional
      analysis of growth pattern (author's transl)].

PMID- 397297
TI  - [Study on maxillary rapid expansion method. I. Effect of lateral expansion
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 397298
TI  - [The improved frontal pull apparatus to the maxilla and results of its use
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 397299
TI  - [Experimental study on the effect of the mechanical retention of the tooth in
      dogs (author's transl)].

PMID- 397300
TI  - [Cleft lip and palate--with reference to craniofacial growth (author's transl)].

PMID- 397301
TI  - [Roentgeno-cephalometric study on the dentocraniofacial growth of the individuals
      with reversed occlusion (author's transl)].

PMID- 397303
TI  - [Study on maxillary rapid expansion method. III. Retention and overcorrection to
      relapse (author's transl)].

PMID- 397302
TI  - [Clinical consideration of "dual bite" (author's transl)].

PMID- 397304
TI  - [Case report: dento-facial changes after interruption of orthodontic treatment in
      mixed dentition (author's transl)].

PMID- 397305
TI  - [Study on maxillary rapid expansion method. II. Changes of eight cases (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397306
TI  - [The cephalometric analyses with a function correcting the reference plane-
      review and improvement based on the six-years clinical application (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397307
TI  - [Longitudinal growth study of the sphenoid bone using factor analysis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397308
TI  - [Study on nocturnal teeth grinding with all night sleep polygraph (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397309
TI  - [Study on remodelling of bone grafts--an application of nuclear medicine
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The remodelling of bone grafts depends to a large extent upon the type of graft
      and the condition of the recipient site. We applied 99mTc-phosphate scintigraphy
      in a follow-up study on cases treated by bone grafting, and quantitative analysis
      of the scintigram by computer to make clear the difference of remodelling time or
      the process of acceptance between a cancellous and a cortical bone grafting or
      due to various graft and conditions. The result revealed that the grafted bones
      which were smoothly adapted for subsequent growths or functions could restore
      normal accumulation ratios by 36 months after the grafting. When the cancellous
      bone was grafted to grafting beds with good conditions such as osteotomy site in
      the cases with coxarthrosis deformans or congenital dislocation of the hip, it
      could attain the quickest recovery of the normal accumulation ratio. The next
      quickest recovery of accumulation ratio was attained by grafting the cancellous
      bone to the grafting beds with poor conditions such as osteomyelitis,
      pseudoarthrosis, and bone tumor. The third best accumulation ratio could be
      attained when the cortical bone was grafted to grafting beds with good
      conditions, while the slowest recovery to normal accumulation ratio was noted
      when the cortical bone was grafted to grafting beds with poor conditions.

PMID- 397310
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Wasaburo Maeda].

PMID- 397311
TI  - Learning disabilities and reading disorders: a brief review of the secondary
      level literature.

PMID- 397312
TI  - Comparative dental material cytotoxicity measured by depression of rat incisor
      pulp respiration.

PMID- 397313
TI  - A study of mandibular and maxillary root widths to determine dowel size.

PMID- 397315
TI  - Inverse relationship between angiotensin II blood clearance rate and PRA levels
      in hypertensive patients.

PMID- 397314
TI  - Validity and limitations of the echocardiographic method for measuring left
      ventricular volumes: comparison with the angiocardiographic method and with the
      ventricular wash-out curves.

PMID- 397316
TI  - X-ray diffraction study on the mineral phase of specific gravity-fractionated rat
      tibiae.

PMID- 397318
TI  - Nomograms for evaluating deflection of palatal bars.

PMID- 397317
TI  - Electron microscopy of human inner enamel using chromium sulphate in
      decalcification.

PMID- 397319
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of cementoenamel junction.

PMID- 397320
TI  - Purification and some properties of alpha-L-fucosidase isolated from human
      parotid saliva.

PMID- 397321
TI  - The effects of paracervical block on myometrial activity and fetal hemodynamics
      during first stage of labor.

PMID- 397322
TI  - [Purification and some properties of alpha-L-fucosidase isolated from
      Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10557: role of the enzyme in degradation of salivary
      glycoprotein].

PMID- 397324
TI  - [Immunoadjuvant activities of bacterial cell wall components--with special
      reference to the effects of administration with various vehicles].

PMID- 397323
TI  - [Polyamine metabolism during experimental periodontitis in dogs].

PMID- 397325
TI  - [Comparison of central actions between enflurane and halothane].

PMID- 397326
TI  - [Vertical facial growth in anterior open-bite and deep-bite by means of lateral
      cephalometric roentgenograms].

PMID- 397327
TI  - [Histochemical and enzyme histochemical studies of congenital fibromyxoma].

PMID- 397328
TI  - [An approach to caries prevention by a zinc acetate-strontium acetate-tannic acid
      mixture: biological and physicochemical actions of the mixture on enamel, oral
      streptococci and dental plaque].

PMID- 397329
TI  - [Biological activities of a human dental plaque specimen, and cell walls from
      Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii].

PMID- 397330
TI  - [An experimental study on the influence of impression pressure upon the tooth].

PMID- 397332
TI  - Repairability of composite resin systems.

PMID- 397331
TI  - Determination of plaque control.

PMID- 397333
TI  - Effectiveness of toothbrushing.

PMID- 397334
TI  - Pedodontic crowns--resistance to removal and hardness.

PMID- 397335
TI  - A brief review of maxillary expansion.

PMID- 397336
TI  - Retention methods for pedodontic prostheses.

PMID- 397337
TI  - Dental care for children who have received head and neck therapeutic radiation.

PMID- 397338
TI  - [Enzymochemical studies on snake venoms. V. Purification of lethal protein Ac3
      proteinase in the venom of Agkistrodon acutus (author's transl)].

PMID- 397339
TI  - The use of ultraviolet photography and crevicular fluid flow rate in the
      evaluation of an amine fluoride dentifrice.

PMID- 397340
TI  - Theodore Louis Jahn. 1905-1979. In memoriam.

PMID- 397341
TI  - Eimeria clethrionomysis sp. n., Eimeria gallatii sp. n., Eimeria pileata sp. n.
      and Eimeria marconii sp. n. from the red-backed vole Clethrionomys gapperi
      Vigors, from Pennsylvania.
AB  - Four new eimerian species are described from red-backed voles, Clethrionomys
      gapperi in Pennsylvania. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria clethrionomyis sp. n. are
      ellipsoidal, 18.8 (16.5-21.5) x 14.9 (14.0-16.5) with elongate, ovoid sporocysts,
      10.6 (9.5-12.0) x6.1 (5.5-7.0). The oocyst wall is smooth, with 2 layers, and
      thins, with terminal cap at one or both ends. Polar granules, dark Stieda body
      and  sporocyst residuum are present. The oocyst residuum is absent. Sporulated
      oocysts of Eimeria gallatii sp. n. are ellipsoidal, 27.7 (21-32) x 19.3 (17-24)
      with ovoid sporocysts, 13.5 (12-15) x 8.8 (8-10). The oocyst wall is smooth, 2
      layered, with a micropyle and thin wall at the end opposite the micropyle. Polar
      granules, Stieda body and sporocyst residuum are present. The oocyst residuum is
      atypical, of cobwebby material. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria pileata sp. n. are
      subspherical to spherical, 25.2 (20.5-29.5) x 22.5 (19.5-25.5) with ellipsoidal
      sporocysts, 13.4(10.5-15.0) x 8.4 (7.5-9.5). The oocyst wall is rough, pitted,
      striated, 2-layered, with no micropyle. Polar granules, oocyst and sporocyst
      residuum, Stieda body and stiedal cap are present. Sporulated oocysts of Eimeria
      marconii sp. n. are ellipsoidal, 13.0 (10.5-15-0) x 10.6 (9.5-12.0) with
      elongate, ovoid sporocysts, 7.7 (7.0-8.5) x 4.2 (3.0-4.5). The oocyst wall is
      smooth, single-layered, with no micropyle. Polar granules, dark Stiedal body and
      sporocyst residuum are present. There is no oocyst residuum.

PMID- 397342
TI  - Trypanosoma cruzi: interaction with vertebrate cells. DNA synthesis and growth of
      intracellular amastigotes and their relationship to host cell DNA synthesis and
      growth.
AB  - DNA synthesis of intracellular Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes, following the
      infection of bovine embryo skeletal muscle (BESM) cells, was studied by
      autoradiography. After penetration, there was a prereplicative lag period
      (similar to or approximately 12 h) followed by a synchronous round of DNA
      synthesis which was found to be independent of parasite number/BESM cell cand the
      host cell DNA synthesis cycle. Parasite reproduction occurred, for the first
      time, at approximately 21 h postinfection. It was concluded that T. cruzi
      trypomastigotes are in the G1/G0 phase of their cell division cycle and that
      after penetration parasite reproduction occurs independent of events controlling
      host cell DNA synthesis and growth. The early synchronous growth of intracellular
      amastigotes should facilitate further studies on the biochemical events
      controlling trypomastigote-to-amastigote transformation and amastigote
      reproduction. A further application is envisaged for studies on the mode of
      action of drugs with trypanocidal activity.

PMID- 397344
TI  - Nonspecific immunofluorescent staining of mosquito salivary gland.

PMID- 397343
TI  - Ten years' experience in general practice of dip-slide urine culture in children
      under five years old.
AB  - Of 567 children under five registered with an industrial general practice over a
      10-year period, 559 presented with symptoms of ill health in the first five years
      of life, and of these, 158 (27.9 per cent of those registered) had urine cultured
      using the dip-slide method. Thirty-four (12.3 per cent) girls and 23 (7.9 per
      cent) boys had at least one episode of significant bacteriuria. Two boys and
      three girls were found to have radiological abnormalities of the genito-urinary
      tract, of which two were obstructive lesions requiring surgery.Symptoms usually
      ascribed to the urinary tract in older children and adults did not discriminate
      for infection in this age group and were not a reliable indicator of the
      presence, or of the absence, of significant bacteriuria.The incidence of
      significant bacteriuria was considerably above that recorded by surveys on
      asymptomatic children. Proteus infections were four times more common among boys
      than girls, and under the age of three the proportion of boys with bacteriuria
      exceeded that of girls.Dip-slide culture is a valuable tool in the diagnosis,
      management, and follow-up of urinary tract infection.

PMID- 397345
TI  - Skeletal and dental changes in rapid maxillary expansion.

PMID- 397346
TI  - Lack of microbial genetic response to 2.45-GHz CW and 8.5- to 9.6-GHz pulsed
      microwaves.
AB  - Strain D4 of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and strains TA-1535, TA-100 and
      TA-98 of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium, were exposed to 2.45-GHz
      continuous wave or 8.5- to 9.6-GHz pulsed electromagnetic radiation (EMR) at
      various power densities from 1 to 45 mW/cm2. The temperature during radiation was
      maintained at 30 degrees C for yeast cultures and at 37 degrees C for bacterial
      cultures. The studies revealed no increase in mutations or of mitotic gene
      conversions when cells were radiated for two hours or less. Decreased viability
      of cells was noted in all cultures tested after radiation at power densities of
      30 mW/cm2 or more; however, no reliable changes in genetic events occurred.

PMID- 397347
TI  - Current status of microwave effects on the blood-brain barrier.

PMID- 397348
TI  - Determination of a thermal equivalent of millimeter microwaves in living cells.
AB  - Recent microwave experiments have shown frequency dependent influences on the
      growth rate of bacteria. To determine whether microwaves are able to affect
      growth (or to induce lesions in cellular DNA of yeast cells), experiments were
      performed with millimeter microwaves at frequencies between 70 and 75 GHz.
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were irradiated on millipore filter discs placed
      on agar plates in open petri dishes. A diploid strain of yeast (D5, Zimmerman),
      that is sensitive to genetic insult was used to study the effects of temperature
      and of microwave irradiation on cell survival, induction of mitotic
      recombination, and induction of cytoplasmic "petite" mutations. No evidence of
      altered survival, impaired function, or structural injury was seen at either
      frequency, even at power densities as high as 60 mW/cm2. Conventional heating had
      no deleterious effects until temperatures of specimens exceeded 50 degrees C. In
      addition, two haploid strains of yeast of opposite mating type were compared with
      respect to temperature and microwave treatment for formation of zygotes. The
      elevation of temperature due to the microwave treatment at 60 mW/cm2 and 2 mm
      distance was estimated to correspond to 3 degrees C.

PMID- 397350
TI  - A subperiosteal impression matrix and surgical-impression technique.

PMID- 397349
TI  - A review of selected biological effects and dosimetric data useful for
      development of radiofrequency safety standards for human exposure.
AB  - This report examines the bases for developing radiofrequency exposure standards
      which can be related to the thermogenic properties of electromagnetic fields. A
      review of selected biological effects, including dosimetric data and simulation
      of human thermodyanmic characteristics that are pertinent to standards
      development, is presented. Based on the analogy of thermal-stress standards that
      have been developed for hot industrial environments, limits on increases of body
      temperature are proposed as criteria for limiting exposure to radiofrequency
      fields, i.e., occupational exposures involving deep heating of the whole body
      should not increase core temperature in excess of 1 degree C. Since energy
      deposition from exposure to some RF fields is likely to be non-uniform and may be
      high in tissues that are not adapted to high rates of absorption or dissipation
      of thermalizing energy, means are needed to adjust focal thermal loading against
      the whole-body averages. A limit on core temperature is inadequate when focal
      elevations of temperature are close to the limits for protein denaturation, as
      may well occur even though the core temperature may rise less than 1 degree C.
      Safety limits for the general population are also discussed and here the
      permissible thermal load should be low enough to cause no more than an
      insignificant increase in core temperature. Areas needing further research to
      reduce the uncertainties in developing safe exposure limits for man are
      delineated. Even in highly adverse environmental conditions the gross thermal
      load and consequential heat stress from exposure to radiofrequency fields at the
      10 mW/cm2 level will be small compared with that generated by any physical
      effort. On the basis of available data, it is concluded that the safe value for
      continuous exposure to 10 mW/cm2, widely used in Western countries, appears to
      provide an adequate margin of safety for both occupational and environmental
      exposure for frequencies above about 1 GHz. This limit may well be too high
      (perhaps by an order of magnitude) for some frequencies below 1 GHz where body
      resonances cause a significant increase in energy deposition and where local
      temperature rises occur. At the same time the present averaging period of 0.1 h
      seems unjustifiably short.

PMID- 397351
TI  - Macroporous endosteal implant. A progress report.

PMID- 397352
TI  - Telescopic crowns and fixed restorations for implants.

PMID- 397353
TI  - Literature review.

PMID- 397354
TI  - [Directory of the Japan Society of Medical Electronics and Biological
      Engineering. 1979].

PMID- 397355
TI  - [Biomedical measurements and transducers (author's transl)].

PMID- 397356
TI  - [Continuous in vivo measurement by mass spectrometry (author's transl)].

PMID- 397357
TI  - [Laser doppler blood velocimetry (author's transl)].

PMID- 397358
TI  - [Noninvasive measurement of human blood pressure (author's transl)].

PMID- 397360
TI  - Ultrastructural changes in the alveolar epithelium in response to mycobacterial
      infection.
AB  - Electron microscopic examination of the lung of mice infected with a virulent
      strain of M. bovis (Ravenel) revealed marked alterations in the alveolar
      epithelial cells, particularly Type 2 cells (granular pneumocytes), in addition
      to the development of interstitial and intra-alveolar granuloma. Unlike the
      feature in uninfected mice, more than one Type 2 epithelial cells were often
      found adjacent to one another within a single alveolus. Some of these cells
      showed mitotic figures. Their characteristic lamellar inclusions were
      morphologically altered.

PMID- 397359
TI  - A nation-wide epidemic of rubella in Japan during the three year period 1975-
      1977.

PMID- 397361
TI  - Ultrastructural study of mycobacteria in experimentally produced lung lesions of
      mice.
AB  - Mice were infected by iv injection with a virulent strain of Mycobacterium bovis,
      Ravenel strain, to prepare specimens for electron microscopical observation of
      their intracellular morphology. Observation was made with ultra-thin sections of
      the granulomatous lungs at an advanced stage of infection. Many apparently intact
      bacterial cells were found intracellulary, and the majority of them had lipoidal
      inclusions enclosed by a membranous structure. Several layers of mycobacterial
      cell wall were discernible, including a fairly wide space of the electron
      transparent zone just beneath the electrondense outmost layer. Mesosomes, nuclear
      material, small dense granules and cross wall were found in almost the same
      appearance as those reported of mycobacteria grown in vitro. The bacilli were
      located mainly within intact or damaged phagosomes which were often filled with
      amorphous material of various electron densities.

PMID- 397362
TI  - Mechanical suture methods in esophago-gastrointestinal anastomosis.
AB  - Mechanical suturing procedures have been performed in 10 patients for total
      gastrectomy, 6 for proximal partial gastrectomy and 7 for esophageal transection.
      The instrument (SPTU all-round type made in Russia) proved simple to use and
      produced reliable good quality closures without any other inforcement. There was
      one minor suture leak in 10 patients with intramediastinal esophagojejunostomy
      and in 6 with proximal partial gastrectomy respectively, but neither leak nor
      other problem has been arisen in esophageal transection for varices. It is
      believed that this staple suturing methods used SPTU all-round type apparatus are
      safe from anastomotic failure and useful for secure intramediastinal anastomosis
      in high level, and they represent a significant advance in the technique of
      thoraco-abdominal surgery.

PMID- 397363
TI  - An alternative one layer inverting suture technique for intestinal anastomosis.
AB  - An alternative method of anastomosis using a suture one layer inverting was
      proposed in which the sutures are placed the serosa, proper muscle layer,
      submucosal layer and muscularis mucosae, but not mucosa. An experimental study
      using canine intestine revealed that tensile strength as well as bursting
      pressure at the anastomotic site is significantly superior in our method to the
      end-on method.

PMID- 397365
TI  - Professor Genichi Kato (1890-1979).

PMID- 397364
TI  - Retroperitoneal hemangiopericytoma associated with hypoglycemia: report of a
      case.
AB  - A 34-year-old woman had episodes of hypoglycemic attack 8 years after a surgical
      resection of a retroperitoneal hemangiopericytoma. In spite of normal levels of
      serum IRI, insulin radioreceptor assay demonstrated high level of plasma ILA
      (insulin like activity). The patient underwent resection of a recurrent
      retroperitoneal tumor with metastatic lesions of the liver. Postoperatively, ILA
      level in plasma by insulin radioreceptor assay decreased, and hypoglycemic
      attacks disappeared. Therefore, this associated hypoglycemia was presumed to be
      not caused by excess glucose consumption by the tumor, not by excess secretion of
      IRI by the tumor, but caused by the presence of high level of ILA related to the
      tumor.

PMID- 397366
TI  - [N.A. Belogolovyi].

PMID- 397367
TI  - Growth control of normal and transformed cells.
AB  - Both serum factors and protein synthesis are required for normal cell growth.
      Swiss 3T3 cells require the serum growth factors insulin and EGF (epidermal
      growth factor) during the initial part of the G1 period, until they pass a
      restriction point about 2 h before the initiation of DNA synthesis.
      Concentrations of cycloheximide that inhibit protein synthesis by as much as 70%
      dramatically lengthen the cell cycle before the restriction point, while the cell
      cycle after the restriction point remains nearly constant. These results are
      consistent with a model in which labile proteins are required for transit of
      cells past the serum-sensitive restriction point. The relation of these findings
      to the growth control of transformed cells is discussed.

PMID- 397368
TI  - Possible role of fibronectin in malignancy.
AB  - Frozen sections of tumors induced by injecting virally transformed cells into
      animals were stained for fibronectin by immunofluorescence. Many tumor cell lines
      do not express fibronectin in tumors in situ even though some of them express
      fibronectin in culture. Cell shape and hormones appear to influence the
      expression of fibronectin in culture; however, it is unclear how fibronectin
      expression is regulated in vivo.

PMID- 397369
TI  - Evidence of microfilament-associated mitochondrial movement.
AB  - The mitochondria in the lower Malpighian tubule of the insect Rhodnius prolixus
      can be stimulated by feeding in vivo and by 5-hydroxytryptamine in vitro, to move
      from a position below the cell cortex to one inside the apical microvilli. During
      and following their movement into the microvilli, the mitochondria are intimately
      associated with the microfilaments of the cell cortex and microvillar core
      bundle. Bridges approximately 14 nm in length and 4 nm in diameter are observed
      connecting the microvillar microfilaments to the outer mitochondrial membrane and
      microvillar plasma membrane. Depolymerization of all visible microtubules with
      colchicine does not inhibit 5-HT-stimulated mitochondrial movement. On the other
      hand, treatment with cytochalasin B does block mitochondrial movement, suggesting
      that microfilaments play a role in the mitochondrial motility. We have labeled
      the microvillar microfilaments, which are 6 nm in diameter, with heavy
      meromyosin, which supports the contention that they contain actin. A model of the
      mechanism of mitochondrial movement is presented in which mitochondria slide into
      position in the microvilli along actin-containing microfilaments in a manner
      analogous to the sliding actin-myosin model of skeletal muscle.

PMID- 397371
TI  - Jaborandi: an interdisciplinary appraisal.
AB  - In spite of many references to Pilocarpus Jaborandi Holmes in ethnological and
      botanical sources and suggestions of its employment for a variety of diseases, it
      has not been possible to pin down the use of its leaves to any particular purpose
      amongst South American Indians. While the medically important jaborandis are
      species of Pilocarpus, it is true that this vernacular name is commonly applied
      to other rutaceous and numerous piperaceous plants as well. The introduction of
      jaborandi leaves to western medicine goes back to 1873, when Symphronio Coutinho
      went to Europe, taking with him samples of the leaves. The copious sweating and
      salivation brought about by the leaves attracted the attention of French
      physicians. Soon jaborandi leaves were being employed in the treatment of many
      diseases. In 1875, Hardy and Gerrard independently discovered the alkaloid
      pilocarpine. Most therapeutic applications of jaborandi leaves and pilocarpine
      fell into disuse and were discontinued. What remained was the use of the latter
      in ophthalmology, where it had been introduced as a miotic by Weber in 1876. The
      mixture of pilocarpine and another natural product, physostigmine, remains to
      this day one of the mainstays in ophthalmology.

PMID- 397370
TI  - Action of phorbol esters in cell culture: mimicry of transformation, altered
      differentiation, and effects on cell membranes.
AB  - The carcinogenic process is usually multifactor in its causation and multistep in
      its evolution. It is likely that entirely different molecular mechanisms underlie
      the many steps in this process. In contrast to initiating carcinogens, the action
      of the tumor-promoting phorbol esters does not appear to involve covalent binding
      to cellular DNA and they are not mutagenic. Recent studies in cell culture have
      revealed two interesting biologic effects of the phorbol esters and related
      macrocyclic plant diterpenes. The first is that at nanomolar concentrations they
      induce several changes that resemble those seen in cells transformed by chemical
      carcinogens or tumor viruses. These include altered morphology and increased
      saturation density, altered cell surface fucose-glycopeptides, decrease in the
      LETS protein, increased transport of deoxyglucose, and increased levels of
      plasminogen activator and ornithine decarboxylase. In transformed cells exposed
      to phorbol esters the expression of these features is further accentuated.
      Phorbol esters do not induce normal cells to grow in agar but they do enhance the
      growth in agar of certain transformed cells. The second effect of the phorbol
      esters is inhibition of terminal differentiation. This effect extends to a
      variety of programs of differentiation and is reversible when the agent is
      removed. With certain cell culture systems induction of differentiation, rather
      than inhibition, is observed. Both the transformation mimetic and the
      differentiation effects are exerted by plant diterpenes that have tumor-promoting
      activity but not by congeners that lack such activity. The primary target of
      phorbol esters appears to be the cell membrane. Early membrane-related effects
      include enhanced uptake of 2-deoxyglucose and other nutrients, altered cell
      adhesion, induction of arachidonic acid release and prostaglandin synthesis,
      inhibition of the binding of epidermal growth factor to cell surface receptors,
      altered lipid metabolism, and modifications in the activities of other cell
      surface receptors. A model of "two stage" carcinogenesis encompassing the known
      molecular and cellular effects of initiating carcinogens and tumor promoters is
      presented. According to this model, initiating carcinogens induce stable
      alterations in the cellular genome but these are not manifested until tumor
      promoters modulate programs of gene expression and induce the clonal outgrowth of
      the initiated cell.

PMID- 397372
TI  - Chemical studies on medicinal Myristicaceae from Amazonia.
AB  - Drugs from Myristicaceae species are used in the Amazon region as hallucinogens
      and arrow poisons, as well as for the healing of infected wounds. The former
      effects were attributed by Schultes and Holmstedt to tryptamines and carbolines.
      The latter activity is now tentatively ascribed to pterocarpans and neolignans.
      This, and a proposal that the red colour of the bark resins may be due to
      oxidative dimers of flavans, are based on a review of the chemistry of Amazonian
      Myristicaceae.

PMID- 397373
TI  - Arrow poisons in China. Part I.
AB  - Arrow poisons have been used for at least 2500 years in various parts of China by
      the Han and other peoples. The preparation and use of these poisons is discussed
      on the basis of accounts in Chinese and Western sources. Mostly, the principal
      ingredient has been an extract derived from the tubers of Aconitum species,
      especially A. carmichaelii Debx. (wu t'ou, fu tzu, ts'ao wu). Certain peoples of
      the south-west and south, besides using Aconitum, have also obtained an essential
      ingredient from the juice (latex) of Antiaris toxicaria Lesch. (tu mu, hu, chien
      hsueh feng hou, nu chien tzu, ka tuk). The chemistry and pharmacology of the
      active principles found in certain of the plants incorporated into the poisons
      are dealt with briefly (but this does not include Aconitum, which will be treated
      in some detail in Part II).

PMID- 397374
TI  - Jaborandi: a note on the contribution of E. M. Holmes to the identification of
      commercially available Pilocarpus and species.

PMID- 397375
TI  - Stereotaxic electrode placement in the neonatal rat.
AB  - A head holder for stereotaxic electrode placement in the neonatal rat is
      described. The neonatal head is held in a fixed and reproducible position by
      means of a mouth bar and a recurved needle hooked into the foramen magnum. With
      the aid of this instrument, a stereotaxic atlas for the 3-day-old rat has been
      prepared. The head holder has been used for rats up to 10 days of age and permits
      electrode placement in the neonatal rat in a manner essentially analogous in ease
      and precision to that of stereotaxic methods for the adult animal.

PMID- 397376
TI  - A double constriction micropipette for the quantitative injection of tracer
      substance.
AB  - A glass, double constriction injector micropipette ('micropet') has been designed
      to overcome problems associated with commercial microliter syringes. These
      problems include: inconsistent volume delivery, inability to view tracer during
      filling or injection, and the relatively large size of the needle supplied.
      'Micropets' of different volumes are easily made from inexpensive, commercially
      available Drummond 100 microliter glass tubes (bores) fitted with teflon
      plungers. Tracer substances may be viewed in the bores during filling and
      injection and the needle tip can be pulled as small as 50 micrometers. For deep
      stereotactic injection, a long triple constriction 'micropet' has also been
      devised. The 'micropet' is based in principle on the commercial Lang-Levy double
      constriction micropipettes and these are used for radiometric calibration of the
      'micropets'. Thus the 'micropet' accuracy is a reflection of these commercial
      micropipettes, and is approximately +/- 0.5%. Precision is also on the order of
      +/- 0.5% as determined by radioassay. When combined with an oil-filled, variable
      speed microdrive the injector 'micropet' provides a highly controlled and precise
      system for the accurate delivery of tracer substance important for quantitative
      neuroanatomical investigations.

PMID- 397377
TI  - A method for recording single unit activity from the brains of foetal pigs in
      utero.
AB  - A technique is described for recording single unit activity from foetal miniature
      pigs in utero. The method involved anaesthetizing the sows with halothane and
      exteriorizing a sufficient length of the uterus to contain a single foetus. Both
      foetus and uterus were placed in a stereotaxic frame which was held independent
      of the mothers' support. Preliminary analysis of recordings obtained from
      spontaneously firing single nerve cells in the post-central cerebral cortex
      indicate that the patterns of spike activity in prenatal pigs are very similar to
      those observed in prepubertal animals.

PMID- 397378
TI  - A simple and rapid section embedding technique for sequential light and electron
      microscopic examination of individually stained central neurons.
AB  - A method for section embedding of central nervous tissue, and its application to
      light and electron microscopic examination of neurons stained by intracellular
      injection of horseradish peroxidase, is described. After primary fixation in
      aldehydes, thick (10--80 micrometer) sections are cut on a Vibratome. They are
      then treated for the histochemical demonstration of peroxidase, postfixed in
      osmium tetroxide, dehydrated and infiltrated with Spurr's low viscosity resin.
      Infiltrated sections are embedded between glass slides and coverslips coated with
      a transparent layer of teflon and polymerized. The resulting mount allows
      protracted storage and high resolution light microscopic examination of sections.
      When desired, the glass components can be removed and the specimen cemented to a
      blank block for thin sectioning and electron microscopic examination.

PMID- 397380
TI  - [Play therapy--treatment of children's fear of injections].

PMID- 397379
TI  - [Actinomycosis--an underdiagnosed lung disease?].

PMID- 397381
TI  - [The 1880's: the parathyroid glands discovered and bacteria made their entrance].

PMID- 397382
TI  - [Pehr Dubb--a great medical celebrity of West Sweden medical care in the 1700's].

PMID- 397383
TI  - [A current comment on an account of a severe epidemic in Uppsala in 1742-1743].

PMID- 397385
TI  - The saga of the skin smear.

PMID- 397384
TI  - [Porphyria--biochemical background, clinical aspects and diagnosis].

PMID- 397387
TI  - Selection of sites for slit-skin smears.

PMID- 397386
TI  - ELISA inhibition technique for the demonstration of sulphones in body fluids. I.
      Sulphones specific antibody-enzyme conjugate.

PMID- 397388
TI  - The fingers as sites of Leprosy bacilli in pre-relapse patients.

PMID- 397389
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Mijo Zambeli (1901-1979)].

PMID- 397390
TI  - [Development and tasks of pediatric cardiology (author's transl)].

PMID- 397391
TI  - [The development of neonatology (author's transl)].

PMID- 397392
TI  - [Complement: mechanisms of activation, functions, analysis].

PMID- 397393
TI  - A conversation with Dr. and Mrs. Maxwell Wintrobe. Interview by Dr. W. Proctor
      Harvey.

PMID- 397394
TI  - A brief biography of Maxwell M. Wintrobe, M.D.

PMID- 397395
TI  - Mrs. Wintrobe writes about her husband.

PMID- 397396
TI  - [Dye dilution technic with intravenous injection as a method for the diagnosis of
      shunt defects].

PMID- 397397
TI  - [Theodor Billroth (1829-1894) on the 150th anniversary of his birth].

PMID- 397399
TI  - [The centenary of Index Medicus].

PMID- 397398
TI  - [Bartter's syndrome. Failure of aspirin and success of indomethacin].

PMID- 397401
TI  - Variations in the cell cycle of slow-growing Escherichia coli 15T-.
AB  - DNA synthesis was measured via 3H-thymidine pulses, and patterns of incorporation
      were compared to cell number increases during synchronous division of Escherichia
      coli 15T- (555-7) in M9.01% aspartate. The timing of chromosome initiation,
      duration of chromosome synthesis, and the D period were found to vary over the
      three cycles of division analysed. In addition, the D period measured by
      comparing 3H-thymidine incorporation and concomitant division, differed from D
      period measurements made by timing division cessation in DNA synthesis
      inhibitors.

PMID- 397400
TI  - [Plasma renin activity and noradrenaline excretion].

PMID- 397402
TI  - Microcalorimetry studies of energy changes during the growth of Klebsiella
      aerogenes in simple salts/glucose media. 1 Establishment of standard conditions.
AB  - The shape of the thermogram and the total heat output of aerobically growing
      cultures of Klebsiella aerogenes depend on the nature and state of the inoculum,
      the composition of the growth medium, aeration in the fermentor and in the
      calorimeter, and the pump rate of the culture through the microcalorimeter cell.
      Standard conditions of growth and heat measurement have been established which
      give reproducible thermograms and total heat output. Experimental results using
      different glucose concentrations are reported and the enthalpy changes for the
      consumption of glucose and the production of cells have been calculated.

PMID- 397404
TI  - [Clinical significance of hepatic mesenchymal and granulomatous reactions].

PMID- 397403
TI  - [Prophylactic treatment of pancreatitis with antibiotics? (author's transl)].
AB  - In acute pancreatitis the standard treatment is with antibiotics given
      prophylactically. Available studies indicate that the usefulness of such
      chemotherapy in the milder form of the disease (degree of severity I) has not yet
      been fully established. In the absence of contradictory results, prophylactic
      antibiotic treatment can, however, be recommended in severe pancreatitis (degrees
      II and III) and in those conditions induced by ethyl or of idiopathic origin. In
      all forms showing underlying biliary tract disease and in pancreatitis
      complicated by infection, antibiotic treatment should invariably be administered.
      Administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics which can be excreted via the bile
      duct, e.g. ampicillin or tetracycline, is preferable.

PMID- 397405
TI  - [Updating on biological monitoring of subjects occupationally exposed to
      chromium].

PMID- 397406
TI  - Legal implications of the use of vaccines.

PMID- 397407
TI  - Nephropathy in the rabbit associated with immunization to a group A stretococcal
      lipoteichoic acid.

PMID- 397408
TI  - Complement activation in pneumonia.
AB  - Complement analyses performed on serially collected plasma samples from 10
      patients during acute infectious pneumonia or bronchopneumonia showed normal or
      increased values for hemolytic activity and Clq, C4, C3, and factor B levels.
      However, the levels of C3 breakdown products (C3d) were significantly (greater
      than 2 SD) increased in six patients during the first three days of observation,
      suggesting that hypercatabolism of complement components may occur during the
      acute phase of infectious pneumonia concomitant with a hypersynthesis of some
      complement components. Evidence of circulating immune complexes was obtained only
      in two patients with the 125I-Clq Binding Test.

PMID- 397409
TI  - [Incidence of Streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women in the 3d trimester of
      pregnancy].

PMID- 397410
TI  - Dorothy I. Fennell.

PMID- 397411
TI  - Lack of benefit of allopurinol in Duchenne dystrophy.
AB  - A double-bline, controlled study was conducted to assess the effects of
      allopurinol on Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Six patients--three treated with
      allopurinol and three given a placebo--were followed up for one year and were
      evaluated by functional and manual muscle testing as well as by determination of
      serum creatine kinase (CK) levels. Patients in both the allopurinol-treated group
      and the placebo group deteriorated at varying rates without evidence of
      therapeutic benefit. To exclude the possibility of error attributable to small
      sample size, all six patients were treated with allopurinol for an additional
      eight-week period. Muscle strength continued to deteriorate during this phase of
      the study.

PMID- 397412
TI  - The autosomal recessive (Becker) form of myotonia congenita.
AB  - In the last two decades, two genetically distinct forms of myotonia congenita
      have been identified--an autosomal dominant and an autosomal recessive form. The
      purpose of this review is to describe the features that enable us to distinguish
      between these two forms in the absence of sufficient genetic data. Thus far, it
      can be concluded that the only probable difference between the two forms is in
      the fatty-acid pattern of muscle phospholipids. Clinical, histologic,
      ultrastructural, and electromyographic investigation may prove helpful, but they
      alone cannot provide a reliable means of identifying the genotype in an
      individual patient.

PMID- 397415
TI  - [Nobel Prize for medicine and physiology 1979 for A.M. Cormack and G.N.
      Hounsfield].

PMID- 397413
TI  - Congenital hypotonia revisited.
AB  - The definition of neuromuscular diseases affecting infants has depended on
      factors as various as the rate of progression of the illness, the clinical
      picture, and, recently, the morphologic peculiarities in the muscle biopsy. A
      review of the literature suggests that there are discrepancies in the
      classification of such illnesses, no matter what system is used. In some
      instances, a single diagnosis seems to include patients with quite separate
      illnesses, whereas other patients with seemingly identical diseases have been
      given different diagnoses.

PMID- 397414
TI  - [A patient with a high fever and a large skull defect].

PMID- 397417
TI  - Cryofixation of biological material without pretreatment--a review.

PMID- 397418
TI  - Freeze drying and vacuum embedding of spray-frozen unicellular organisms.

PMID- 397419
TI  - [Essential arterial hypertension: a social problem. Epidemiological aspects,
      etiopathogenetic considerations and prevention].

PMID- 397416
TI  - Cellular mechanisms in the selection and modulation of behavior.

PMID- 397420
TI  - [The effects of masticatory muscle activity with tongue space infringement
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 397421
TI  - [The studies on changes of the periodontal tissues under the occlusal abnormality
      of experiment--traumatic occlusion and occlusion with the loss of antagonistic
      tooth (author's transl)].

PMID- 397422
TI  - [Experimental study on the combined therapy of antibiotics and bromelain
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 397423
TI  - [Basic studies of Ag(NH3) 2F as a root canal disinfectant (author's transl)].

PMID- 397424
TI  - [A study on the quantitative analysis of roentgenograph on the healing process of
      experimental bone fracture on mandibula (author's transl)].

PMID- 397425
TI  - [An anatomical and histological study of the Gekko tongue (author's transl)].

PMID- 397426
TI  - [Studies on dimensional accuracy of indirect working model in fixed partial
      dentures--laminated reversible and irreversible hydrocolloid impression method
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 397427
TI  - [Serological studies by means of precipitation test of type strains on genus
      Actinomyces and isolated strains from patients of actinomycosis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397428
TI  - [Comparison of the effect of antibiotics on experimentally prepared pyoderma
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 397429
TI  - [Amines and its relation to metabolisms of microorganisms (author's transl)].

PMID- 397431
TI  - [Growth and cell structure of oral spirochetes and effect of benzyl penicillin
      potassium (author's transl)].

PMID- 397430
TI  - [Application of biological materials for exterpative wound of cyst (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397432
TI  - [Biological characterisitcs of Actinomyces isolated from foci of marginal
      periodontitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 397433
TI  - [Study on short mass-cultivation in Actinomyces (author's transl)].

PMID- 397434
TI  - [New Nippon Dental University semi-adjustable articulator (author's transl)].

PMID- 397435
TI  - [Observation of dentifrice by means of scanning electron microscopy (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397436
TI  - [A case of macrodontia (author's transl)].

PMID- 397437
TI  - [Inhibitory effect of phosphates on the lactate production of Streptococcus
      mutans JC 2 (author's transl)].

PMID- 397438
TI  - [Studies on morphology of deciduous dentition with fused teeth (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397440
TI  - [Studies for dental application of gallium alloy. Part 1, No. 1. Some physical
      properties of gallium alloy by use of pure metals and selection of additional
      metals for descent of melting point of gallium (author's transl)].

PMID- 397439
TI  - [Studies on the marginal leakage around various restorative materials in
      deciduous teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 397441
TI  - [Application of lyophilized porcine skin to the oral region (author's transl)].

PMID- 397442
TI  - [Progressive mineralization pattern of developing deciduous enamel of dog
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 397443
TI  - [Dynamic studies on porcelain fused to gold crown of upper canine with three
      dimensional photoelastic experiments (author's transl)].

PMID- 397445
TI  - Diagnostic aids in periodontal disease.

PMID- 397444
TI  - [Roentgenographic observation on development and formation of the teeth
      irradiated by 60Co-gamma ray (author's transl)].

PMID- 397446
TI  - Retention of free-end partial dentures.

PMID- 397447
TI  - Behavioral modification techniques for phobias.

PMID- 397448
TI  - Physiologic vs pathologic myopia: genetics vs environment.
AB  - Physiologic myopia occurs as the result of a correlation failure of refraction
      components in the normal eye. Pathologic myopia is caused by excessive axial
      elongation that primarily involves the ora-equatorial area and the posterior
      pole. Peripheral fundus changes and posterior staphyloma formation are
      ophthalmoscopic evidences of this process. Heredity is the basic determinant of
      ocular refraction, but numerous agents produce both temporary and permanent
      myopias.

PMID- 397450
TI  - A half hook for the handling of fine ophthalmic sutures.

PMID- 397449
TI  - ELISA for diagnosis of ocular toxocariasis.
AB  - The enzyme-linked immunosorbed assay test was positive in 37 of 41 patients (90%)
      suspected of having clinical Toxocara infections. The antigen used in this test
      is prepared from the Toxocara egg and is felt to be extremely specific in making
      the diagnosis. The prevalence of Toxocara infection is much greater than
      previously believed. It is hoped that this test will help the surgeon fell more
      secure in not enucleating eyes containing masses suggestive of Toxocara
      infection.

PMID- 397452
TI  - Indications and surgical techniques for orbital exenteration.
AB  - Indications for the mutilating operation of exenteration are enumerated. They
      usually involve a malignant neoplasm of the orbital contents, primary, direct
      extension, or adnexal tissue that cannot be controlled by simple excision or
      irradiation. Surgically, subtotal exenteration with partial preservation of lids
      and even conjunctiva may be achieved occasionally. However, total exenteration
      may be lifesaving. Techniques and precautions are discussed. Advantages and
      disadvantages of skin grafting that influence the postoperative care are noted.

PMID- 397451
TI  - A pigtail suture guide.

PMID- 397453
TI  - Malignant hyperthermia--an overview.

PMID- 397454
TI  - Prophylaxis of postoperative deep venous thrombosis. Studies on low-dose heparin,
      blood coagulation, infection as a risk factor and the half-life of fibrinogen in
      patients after gastrointestinal surgery.

PMID- 397455
TI  - [Evaluation of growth prediction methods (author's transl)].

PMID- 397456
TI  - [Mastication (author's transl)].

PMID- 397457
TI  - [Facial profile. Study accomplished upon individuals with normal occlusion and
      Angle's class I malocclusion (author's transl)].

PMID- 397458
TI  - [The cervical headgear action in the mixed dentition on maxilla, mandible and
      teeth in class II, division 1, malocclusions--a cephalometric study (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397460
TI  - [Remembering Emil Weil on the 25th anniversary of his death].

PMID- 397459
TI  - The response of plasma renin activity by oral calcium loading in normal subjects
      and hypertensive and diabetic patients.

PMID- 397461
TI  - [Development of modern anesthesia, current trends and prospectives].

PMID- 397462
TI  - [Changing trends in the surgery of flexor tendon injuries of the hand].

PMID- 397463
TI  - [Eduard Friedrich Wilhelm Pfluger (1829-1910)].

PMID- 397464
TI  - [Mathias Jacob Schleiden, born 175 years ago].

PMID- 397465
TI  - [Ivan Mikhailovich Sechenov, 1829-1905].

PMID- 397466
TI  - [The great reformer of pharmacology: Hans Horst Meyer].

PMID- 397467
TI  - [Bela Issekutz (1886-1979)].

PMID- 397468
TI  - [Robert Tarjan, M.D. (1913-1979)].

PMID- 397470
TI  - [Centenary of a commentary to the 1st Hungarian pharmacopoeia. Gleaning our
      century old pharmacologic treasurehouse].

PMID- 397471
TI  - [Excerpts for the history of the Szombathely Hospital I].

PMID- 397469
TI  - [Rupture of the transplanted kidney].

PMID- 397472
TI  - [Centenary of the birth of Kornel Korosy].

PMID- 397473
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol].

PMID- 397474
TI  - [Results of treatment of hay fever with "Kenalog 40"].

PMID- 397476
TI  - [Contribution to the article "Laryngological clinic on the 30th anniversary of
      the Silesian Medical Academy"].

PMID- 397475
TI  - [50 years of professional, pedagogical and scientific work of Prof. Jan
      Szymanski].

PMID- 397477
TI  - [In memoriam: Cyprian Szczurkowski, M.D. (1911-1978)].

PMID- 397478
TI  - [Immune functions of maternal milk].

PMID- 397479
TI  - [Carcinomas of the digestive tract. Chemotherapy as a complement to surgery
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Chemotherapy as a complement to surgery or adjuvent chemotherapy has been
      presented as one of the possible means of improving 5 years survival rates
      following the excision of a digestive tract carcinoma. Started early after
      excision, and given in adequate doses for a period of one to two years, it is
      aimed at treatment of residual sub-clinical disease. Its effectiveness may be
      assessed only by study of the reduction in the number of recurrences or
      metastases in a large number of patients treated. At the present time, published
      series have not made it possible to define whether there is a definite reduction
      in the percentage of recurrence and metastases or merely a prolongation of the
      clear period which precedes their clinical manifestation. The practical
      difficulties of treatment, together with its possible early or late toxicity, are
      such that it should be reserved for forms in which there is some doubt as to the
      prognosis. The addition of immunotherapy has to be defined.

PMID- 397480
TI  - [Hyperselective blood sampling from the renal veins (author's transl)].
AB  - A method by substitution of venous catheters within the renal venous tree was
      used in 28 adult hypertensive patients suffering from focal parenchymatous
      lesions or stenosis of one branch of the renal artery with the aim of detecting a
      specific source of renin hypersecretion.

PMID- 397481
TI  - Reline technic for mercaptan rubber impressions.

PMID- 397482
TI  - Evaluation of casting machines for ability to cast sharp margins.

PMID- 397484
TI  - [Our modification of intestinal plication].

PMID- 397483
TI  - [80th anniversary of the Polish Society of Hygiene].

PMID- 397485
TI  - [Dr. Seweryn Stefan Wilk-Wilczynski (26 June 1896--16 September 1978)].

PMID- 397486
TI  - Dental epidemiological studies in Africa--a review.

PMID- 397487
TI  - [Tribute to Dr. George Constam on his 80th birthday].

PMID- 397488
TI  - [Insulin therapy by subcutaneous infusion using a portable pump. A simple method
      to stabilize brittle diabetics (author's transl)].

PMID- 397490
TI  - [On the mode of action of bradykinin on smooth muscle (author's transl)].
AB  - At extremely low concentrations, in the picomole and the nanomole range,
      bradykinin produces contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the
      gastrointestinal and the urogenital tract. At the target organ, bradykinin
      interacts with discriminator proteins of the plasma membranes and triggers, via
      changes in certain membrane functions, its biological response:--The binding to
      the discriminator makes specific conformative and constitutional demands on the
      nonapeptide. The binding results from an angular conformation which exists in the
      solution. The complete sequence is responsible for this specific conformation.
      Consequently, the biological activity of partial sequences is low. The
      conformational analysis of analogues used in studies on the mechanism of action
      showed but slight differences from bradykinin. The interaction of these analogues
      with the discriminator protein is disturbed to a varying extent by modifications
      at positions 1, 5, 8 and 9 in the side chains. The affinity for the discriminator
      is affected, dependently on the respective configuration, by substitution on the
      beta-C atom in the two phenylalanine residues.--Bradykinin is not only bound to,
      but also degraded at, the plasma membranes of the rat uterus and duodenum. The
      bradykinin-degrading enzyme has been characterized as a kininase II with the aid
      of various inhibitors. The conformative and configurative prerequisites decisive
      for enzymatic degradation are others than those decisive for binding to the
      discriminator.--The changes in the activities of the membrane-bound adenylate and
      guanylate cyclases (produced by the bradykinin-discriminator complex) that take
      place at the rat duodenum and uterus in the presence of extracellular calcium
      ions contrast with each other: At the duodenum, the ratio between these two
      cyclic nucleotides is changed in favour of adenylate cyclase; and at the uterus,
      in favour of guanylate cyclase; Substances which increase or decrease the cAMP
      level may also potentiate or inhibit the relaxation of the duodenum. These
      bradykinin-induced changes in enzyme activity must be considered in connection
      with other effectors, e.g. prostaglandins and calcium ions.--The calcium-ion
      dependence of the effect of bradykinin on the guinea-pig ileum and the rat uterus
      indicates the importance of these ions as additional second messengers.
      Bradykinin stimulates the influx of calcium ions into the ileum; it is
      ineffective if no extracellular calcium ions into the ileum; it is ineffective if
      no extracellular calcium ions are available. It seems that intracellular and
      membranal calcium is mobilized in the uterus, which is evidenced by results from
      experiments with EGTA on the isolated organ and by the release of calcium from
      plasma membranes after application of bradykinin. It is assumed that the observed
      changes in membrane functions are induced by the peptide-discriminator complex
      simultaneously and not in the form of a causal chain.

PMID- 397489
TI  - [Metabolic control and angiopathy in diabetes: vascular changes in animals with
      induced hyperglycemia, its relationship on human diabetes (author's transl)].

PMID- 397491
TI  - Synthesis and antimicrobial action of some bis-thiazolidines.
AB  - alpha, delta-Bis(thiazolidinidione-2,4-hydrazone-4-yl-3)butane (1) was reacted
      with heterocyclic and aromatic aldehydes in boiling glacial acetic acid, where
      the corresponding analogs of alpha, delta-bis (thiazolidindione-2,4-N
      arylidenehydrazone-4-yl-3)butane (2) were separated. While with some other
      heterocyclic and aromatic aldehydes, and under the same conditions, the
      corresponding analogs of alpha, delta-bis(thiazolidinidione-2,4-N
      arylidenehydrazone-4-arylidene-5-yl-3) butane (3) were obtained. The synthesized
      compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity.

PMID- 397492
TI  - [On the pharmaceutical technology of film coating (author's transl)].

PMID- 397493
TI  - [The use of spray drying in pharmacy (author's transl)].
AB  - Owing to the favourable physical conditions of the evaporation process, the
      technique of spray drying has been used for some time to obtain dried products
      from solutions, suspensions, emulsions and fluid extracts. In the pharmaceutical
      industry, it may be utilized as a -drying technique, -micronizing procedure, 
      procedure for the manufacture of polymorphic or amorphic forms of active
      substances, -technique for producing microcapsules and spray embeddings, -method
      for manufacturing direct-tablettable active substances. The technical development
      which ranges from spray dryers for laboratory experiments to industrial plants,
      and the continuous operation are favourable prerequisites for research and use on
      an ever greater scale.

PMID- 397494
TI  - Synthesis and antimicrobial testing of 2-substituted styryl-6-nitro-4
      quinazolones.
AB  - Condensation of 2-methyl-6-nitro-4-quinazolone with different aldehydes was
      achieved by fusing the reactants in the presence of zinc chloride, affording 2
      substituted styryl-6-nitro-4-quinazolones. 2-(3-substituted aminomethyl)-4
      hydroxystyryl-6-nitro-4-quinazolones were also prepared through the Mannich
      reaction. The antimicrobial testing of five of the compounds prepared showed that
      some of them produce promising effects.

PMID- 397495
TI  - [Animal experiments on the pharmacokinetics of ocrase (author's transl)].
AB  - The blood level, distribution and elimination of ocrase, a protease from
      Aspergillus ochraceus, were determined in rabbits after application of the 131I
      labelled enzyme in therapeutic doses.

PMID- 397496
TI  - Echoes of the past. Reflections on the early history of the concept of "active
      transport".

PMID- 397497
TI  - Long-term effect of relaxation on blood pressure and anxiety levels of essential
      hypertensive males: a controlled study.
AB  - The long-term effect of relaxation in lowering blood pressure and anxiety was
      evaluated in this study. Eighteen male Caucasian essential hypertensives with
      moderate elevations in blood pressure were studied. Relaxation significantly
      reduced both blood pressure and anxiety. Control procedures had no significant
      effect. The reductions lasted for 12 months after training. However, there was no
      statistical relationship between reduction in blood pressure and anxiety.

PMID- 397498
TI  - The stress response: a new perspective.
AB  - A theory of the response to chronic intermittent stress, intergating many diverse
      studies, is presented. Chronic intermittent stress is presumed to be the type of
      stress most frequently encountered and most likely to cause physiological changes
      which predispose an organism to tissue damage. The theory states that all
      organisms are genetically predisposed to adapt to stress and that the
      physiological pattern of adaptation is similar across species. This pattern
      consists of a conditioned endocrine response before the stressor is presented
      accompanied by a decrease in arousal during the stress. These changes occur
      because the organism is predisposed to learn cues predictive of stress and to
      assess the threat potential of the stressor. This pattern is adaptive because it
      conserves resources and promotes homeostasis. Maladaptation is discussed in terms
      of failure to learn situational expectancies and appropriate responses.
      Implications of this theoretical perspective are examined.

PMID- 397499
TI  - [Dentifrice with strontium chloride. Efficiency related to time of application].

PMID- 397500
TI  - [Maxillary chondroma].

PMID- 397501
TI  - [Angular bar and resilient cylindrical retainers as removable prosthesis
      anchorage].

PMID- 397502
TI  - ["In vitro" study of permeability of root canal filling cements].

PMID- 397503
TI  - [Use of natural teeth in a partial removable denture].

PMID- 397504
TI  - [Aspects of bone regeneration, applied to fractures, extractions, and periapical
      and periodontal lesions].

PMID- 397505
TI  - [Oligodontia: case presentations and etiological considerations].

PMID- 397506
TI  - [Cephalometrical diagnostic elements in cases of open bite (author's transl)].

PMID- 397508
TI  - [Partial removable denture with cylindrical friction and socket anchorage].

PMID- 397507
TI  - Diarrhoeal disorders in childhood.

PMID- 397509
TI  - [Dental prosthesis identification system. Description of method, purpose,
      practice and advantages].

PMID- 397510
TI  - [Mortise in overlay dentures].

PMID- 397511
TI  - The molecular structure of adrenergic and dopaminergic substances.

PMID- 397512
TI  - Sense and nonsense about impression materilas (I).

PMID- 397513
TI  - Full mouth reconstruction.

PMID- 397514
TI  - Roentgenologic and clinical evaluation of endodontically treated teeth, with or
      without negative culture.

PMID- 397515
TI  - Sense and nonsense about impression materials (II). The impression techniques
      (combined bite and patient bite).

PMID- 397516
TI  - Periodontics in the general practice (II).

PMID- 397517
TI  - Principles and treatment planning considerations for successful endosteal blade
      implantology (I).

PMID- 397518
TI  - Alternative procedures for impressioning the endentulous mouth (II).

PMID- 397520
TI  - The periodontal cleft.

PMID- 397519
TI  - Direct bonding or orthodontic brackets (III).

PMID- 397521
TI  - Creating dentine in non-vital teeth.

PMID- 397523
TI  - The problem of maxillary complete dentures opposed by retained mandibular incisor
      and canine teeth (II).

PMID- 397522
TI  - Replication technique for monitoring intra-oral processes with the SEM.

PMID- 397524
TI  - Adverse reactions of sugar polymers in animals and man.

PMID- 397525
TI  - Some unsolved problems with vaccines.

PMID- 397526
TI  - Lipophilicity and drug activity.

PMID- 397527
TI  - [Structure and function of elastin (author's transl)].

PMID- 397528
TI  - [Adhesion and aggregation of platelets; two states of platelets, stabilization of
      platelets by serum albumin, and isolation and characterization of plasma proteins
      to aggregate platelets (author's transl)].

PMID- 397529
TI  - [Mechanisms of the development of experimental obesity (author's transl)].

PMID- 397530
TI  - [The chemist in a biomedical environment: personal reflections on a quarter
      century of research at NIH (author's transl)].

PMID- 397531
TI  - [A short historical outline of the development of extracorporeal circulation and
      some apparatus artificial "lung-heart" (author's transl)].

PMID- 397532
TI  - [Course entitled "Laboratory diagnosis of diseases of the circulatory system.
      Effect of the presence of bacteria in the blood"].

PMID- 397533
TI  - [Pulp protection in preparation of dental abutments].

PMID- 397534
TI  - [Formocresol technic in young permanent teeth. Biological restoration of the root
      canal].

PMID- 397536
TI  - [G.F.T. technic applied to partial dentures].

PMID- 397535
TI  - [Verification of antimicrobial activity of mouthwashes on oral cavity
      microorganisms].

PMID- 397537
TI  - [Complete denture naturalness].

PMID- 397538
TI  - [Cyanoacrylates in periodontics].

PMID- 397539
TI  - [Oral health in two native communities in Neuquen, Argentina].

PMID- 397540
TI  - [Philosophy and objectives of root canal obturation].

PMID- 397542
TI  - [Comparative study of the unstrained guided method and Gysi's extraoral method
      for determination of central relation in totally edentulous patients. 1. Antero
      posterior variations].

PMID- 397543
TI  - [Electromyographic study of pterygoid medialis muscle action in mandibular
      movements].

PMID- 397541
TI  - [Vertical dimension. Rest interval in totally and partially edentulous patients].

PMID- 397544
TI  - [Insects and Protozoa capable of inhibiting the breeding of Triatomidae and the
      detection  of Trypanosoma cruzi in fecal material from Triatomidae].

PMID- 397546
TI  - [Absolute isolation of anterior teeth with total crown mutilation at the
      infraosseous level].

PMID- 397545
TI  - [Clinical and radiographic verification for individual determination of the third
      point (infra-orbital) in rehabilitation. II. Use of a square ruler as reference].

PMID- 397547
TI  - [Influence of loading applied to the flask on the separation between its parts,
      during setting of plaster].

PMID- 397548
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic aspects of the "sicca syndrome"].

PMID- 397549
TI  - [Determination of the sensitivity of 55 strains of Salmonella typhimurium to 13
      antibiotics using the minimal inhibitory concentration and plaque diffusion
      methods].

PMID- 397550
TI  - [Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome with an asphyxiating chest deformity].

PMID- 397551
TI  - [Prosthetic therapy by stages. Occlusion].

PMID- 397552
TI  - [Contribution of endosseous endodontic pins to buccomaxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 397553
TI  - [Cefoxitin in different clinical infections].

PMID- 397554
TI  - [Role of bromocriptine in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy].

PMID- 397556
TI  - [Clinical--bacteriological study of dibekacine in urinary infections].

PMID- 397555
TI  - [Prolactin and kidney].

PMID- 397557
TI  - [80 years of dental education at the Autonomous University of Santo Domingo. 1].

PMID- 397558
TI  - [Catalan dentists from the end of the 19th century. Their influence on the
      development of dentistry in Spain].

PMID- 397559
TI  - [Biophysical principles of partial removable denture function].

PMID- 397560
TI  - [Fixed prostheses].

PMID- 397562
TI  - [Partial removable prosthodontics--2].

PMID- 397561
TI  - [Dental School of the University of Cartagena].

PMID- 397563
TI  - [Protection from X-rays produced by medical and dental radiographic equipment in
      health institutions dependent on the Sectional Health Service of Antioquia and
      the municipality of Medellin in the valley of Aburra, 1978].

PMID- 397564
TI  - Action research and development: utilizing sociometric analysis in physical
      education and athletic departments.

PMID- 397565
TI  - [Foundation of the dentistry and pharmacy school of Santa Catarina foregoing and
      operation (author's transl)].

PMID- 397566
TI  - [Renal involvement in Schoenlein-Henoch purpura (author's transl)].

PMID- 397567
TI  - [Population and family planning].

PMID- 397568
TI  - [The Panamerican Health Organization in its 75th anniversary. Homage to Dr
      Abraham Horwitz B].

PMID- 397569
TI  - [Present and future of internal medicine in Chile (author's transl)].

PMID- 397570
TI  - [Epigenetic role of stress of environmental origin on the etiology of diabetes
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 397571
TI  - [Genetical heterogeneity of alcohol dependence (author's transl)].

PMID- 397572
TI  - [Fifty years of penicillin (author's transl)].

PMID- 397574
TI  - [The first case of Addison's disease in Chile (1878) (author's transl)].

PMID- 397573
TI  - [The origins of the Chilean Medical Society and the Chilean medical journal
      (Revista Medica de Chile) (author's transl)].

PMID- 397575
TI  - [Centennial of "Index Medicus" (author's transl)].

PMID- 397576
TI  - [Consanguinity (author's transl)].

PMID- 397577
TI  - [Emphysematous pyelonephritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 397578
TI  - [Breast feeding in Chile, past and present (author's transl)].

PMID- 397579
TI  - [On the ninetieth anniversary of the inauguration of the new building for the
      Medical School of Santiago, Chile (author's transl)].

PMID- 397581
TI  - [Clinical trial of Encephabol ampules in neurological and neurosurgical coma].

PMID- 397580
TI  - [Possibilities of mineral-water therapy of some forms of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 397582
TI  - [Demonstration of immunoglobulin secretion and the idiotypical specificity of
      lymphocytes, using the Jerne technic of local hemolysis in gel].

PMID- 397583
TI  - [ELISA, a new immunodiagnostic test].

PMID- 397584
TI  - [Contribution of some physicians to the foundation of the Romanian unitary
      national state].

PMID- 397586
TI  - [The E.B. Condillac method of analysis].

PMID- 397585
TI  - [Social-political concepts of Professor E. I. Mironescu. II].

PMID- 397587
TI  - [Professor Octavian Fodor (1913-1976)].

PMID- 397588
TI  - [Serratia marcescens, a microbial species with potential pathogenicity and
      increasing clinical importance].

PMID- 397589
TI  - [Encephalo-tomodensitometry; indications and limitations].

PMID- 397590
TI  - [Notes on the clinical, epidemiological and laboratory supervision of post
      streptococcal late non-suppurative complications in young adults].

PMID- 397592
TI  - [Possibilities and difficulties in supervision of streptococcal infections and
      prevention of their late complications].

PMID- 397591
TI  - [Our experience in the treatment of closed thoracic injuries. Considerations on
      237 cases].

PMID- 397593
TI  - [Value of the radial immunohemolysis test in the serological diagnosis of
      arbovirus infections].

PMID- 397595
TI  - [Post-infection glomerulonephritis in children].

PMID- 397596
TI  - [Effect of renal insufficiency on diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 397594
TI  - [Contributions of some Jassy physicians to the promotion of progressive and
      democratic ideas in the period between the World Wars].

PMID- 397598
TI  - [Dental terminology. Letter D].

PMID- 397597
TI  - [The treatment of diabetic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 397600
TI  - 250 years ago: tribute to a new discipline (1729--1979).

PMID- 397599
TI  - [Dental terminology. Letter F].

PMID- 397601
TI  - [Toxoplasmosis in medical students].

PMID- 397602
TI  - Activation of human B lymphocytes (the in vitro polyclonal B cell activator
      induced plaque-forming cell system).
AB  - The characteristics of human B lymphocyte triggering, differentiation, and
      regulation are described using the polyclonally induced anti-sheep red blood cell
      hemolytic plaque-forming cell assay system. Technical and methodologic
      considerations, cellular requirements and mechanisms of regulation including
      suppressor and helper influences are discussed. Also considered are theoretical
      concepts regarding normal immune response versus pathologic immune states and the
      potential biologic role of polyclonal activation in these human immune
      mechanisms.

PMID- 397603
TI  - Left-to-right shunts. (Quantification, mathematical methods and their statistical
      comparison).
AB  - This work describes a non-traumatic technique for quantitative determination of
      left-to-right shunts. Various mathematical methods to evaluate the radioisotope
      concentration lung curve are considered. Data were collected with a gamma camera
      system connected to a computer. The first results were obtained from 18 patients
      at the Ospedali Riuniti in Parma, Italy. All the mathematical processes are
      described. The three methods used were based on: 1. the count ratio (C2/C1)
      between two pulmonary activity concentrations, 2. the gamma function fitting, 3.
      decreasing exponential. A comparison of the three methods shows that the gamma
      function method is the most reliable. In this kind of investigation the patient's
      radiation dose is low enough for it to be repeated so that the course of the
      disease can be followed.

PMID- 397605
TI  - The role of renin in the control of the circulation and in hypertensive disease.
AB  - Renin is a hormone secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney; it
      interacts with a plasma protein substrate to produce a decapeptide prohormone
      angiotensin I. Converting hormone located on vascular endothelium converts the
      decapeptide to an octapeptide, angiotensin II, which effects vasoconstriction,
      the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal cortex, and retention of sodium by
      the kidney. The biosynthesis and control of renin secretion are not well
      understood, and the question as to whether renin is synthesized and stored in a
      larger precursor form is as yet unresolved. Whether or not higher molecular
      weight or inactive forms of renin in plasma have a role in controlling renin
      activity or whether they simply represent a degradative pathway for renin is as
      yet uncertain. The availability of several inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin
      system has served to define the role of renin both in normal cardiovascular
      homeostasis and in renovascular hypertension. It appears that renin plays an
      important role in maintaining blood pressure in the salt- or volume-depleted
      state and that it is responsible for the initial phases of renovascular
      hypertension in any model of this disease process. Renin's part in chronic
      renovascular hypertension depends on whether or not sodium is permitted to
      accumulate. If sodium intake is restricted or if sodium excretion is unimpaired
      (such as in two-kidney renovascular hypertension models), renin continues to play
      a significant role during the chronic phase.

PMID- 397607
TI  - [French Society of Rheumatology].

PMID- 397606
TI  - [Root planing in the initial preparation in the management of periodontal
      diseases].

PMID- 397604
TI  - Von Willebrand's disease in pigs and atherosclerosis.
AB  - There is experimental evidence that platelets, by interacting with the arterial
      wall may be important in the initiation of atherosclerosis. This paper describes
      the results of consecutive experiments indicating that pigs with impaired
      platelet-blood vessel interaction in the form of von Willebrand's disease are
      resistant to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Ongoing experiments in
      these pigs are providing significant insight into the relationship of the
      circulating platelets, the endothelial cell and circulating von Willebrand
      factor, and the reactivity of the arterial wall in the process of
      atherosclerosis.

PMID- 397608
TI  - [Guide for the use of ultraviolet rays in dentistry].

PMID- 397610
TI  - Clinical quality of amalgam restorations.
AB  - The clinical quality of 203 mesio-occlusal Class II and 127 buccal Class V
      restorations of 246 persons aged 25 years were studied. One third of the amalgam
      restorations were considered to be unacceptable. Marginal overhang was the
      prevailing type of failure (17%), recurrent caries occurred at 12% of the
      restorations, unacceptable proximal contact at 10%, unacceptable marginal
      adaptation at 8% and isthmus fractures at 2%.

PMID- 397609
TI  - [Pilot study on occupational diseases of dentists].

PMID- 397611
TI  - The early circulation in free split skin grafts after general infiltration and
      percutaneous anaesthesia.

PMID- 397612
TI  - Effect of different types of anaesthesia including percutaneous local anaesthesia
      on survival of experimental skin flaps.
AB  - Local anaesthesia by epicutaneous application of the ketocaine solution A2358
      gave survival of experimental skin flaps in the guinea pig which corresponded on
      average to 71% of the total flap. The survival after pentobarbitone anaesthesia,
      general anaesthesia with ether, and infiltration of prilocaine without and with
      adrenalin varied between 41 and 53%. The difference in effect between
      percutaneous anaesthesia with A2358 and the other procedures was statistically
      significant (p less than 0.001). Epicutaneous application of A2358 followed by
      one of the other forms of anaesthesia gave a flap survival that did not differ
      from that following local anaesthesia with A2358 alone, except when followed by
      injection of prilocaine with adrenalin. The improved survival after
      epicutaneously applied A2358 is probably attributable to an effect on the
      peripheral vascular bed resulting in increasing blood supply and nutrition. It
      may be possible that A2358, for example, could be used in man as a complement to
      other forms of anaesthesia to provide enhanced tissue survival in skin flaps.

PMID- 397613
TI  - The effect of zinc tape upon wound healing. A biochemical, histochemical and
      histological study in rats.
AB  - The healing of excisional wounds in rats, which were treated with zinc tape,
      gauze sponge or porcine skin, was studied. Wound closure was completed earlier in
      zinc-tape-treated wounds than in wounds treated with a gauze sponge or porcine
      skin. Wound contraction was more pronounced in gauze- and porcine skin-treated
      wounds than in zinc-tape-treated wounds. More foreign body giant cells were seen
      14 days after operation in gauze-treated contra zinc tape-treated wounds, whereas
      hydroxyproline concentration was higher in tape-treated wounds. Histochemically
      the acid phosphatase activity was pronounced in macrophages, foreign body giant
      cells and fibroblasts. The alkaline phosphatase activity was pronounced in
      granulocytes and fibroblasts. Quantitatively a reduction in alkaline phosphatase
      activity was seen in gauze-treated wounds from 7 to 14 days. A decrease was seen
      in albumin concentration in gauze- as well as zinc-tape-treated animals which was
      most pronounced after 7 days in the gauze-treated animals.

PMID- 397614
TI  - Treatment of pilonidal sinus by radical excision and reconstruction by rotation
      flap surgery of Z-plasty technique.
AB  - Defects after excision of large pilonidal sinuses were reconstructed by either
      rotation skin flaps or a Z-plasty technique. Altogether, 16 patients were
      operated on, 10 with a rotation flap and 6 with a Z-plasty technique. All the
      patients except one underwent a radical operation. The patient not having a
      radical operation had a recurrence. Two cases in the Z-plasty groups acquired an
      infection in the distal part of the wound necessitating reoperation on the
      resultant sinus. The disability after this more extensive surgery was not more
      pronounced than after ordinary surgical procedures. For large recurrent pilonidal
      sinuses, radical excision and primary suturing of the wound using a rotation flap
      is recommended as the method of choice.

PMID- 397615
TI  - Peritendinitis and tenosynovitis. A review.

PMID- 397616
TI  - Epidemiologic screening of occupational neck and upper limb disorders. Methods
      and criteria.

PMID- 397617
TI  - Occupational cervicobrachial syndromes. A review.

PMID- 397618
TI  - [Echocardiography and sports medicine].

PMID- 397619
TI  - Freeze-fracture studies of the plasmalemma of Candida albicans after treatment
      with econazole-nitrate.
AB  - In electron microscopic studies the interior of the plasmalemma of Candida
      albicans was revealed by means of the freeze-fracture technique. The superficial
      structures of the extracellular (E) and protoplasmic (P) fracture faces differed
      negligibly from structures on the corresponding fracture faces of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae. Following treatment with 2.2 x 10(-5) M econazole nitrate a layer,
      present on the P face in the form of a tight matrix of globular proteins,
      dissolved into isolated groups of particles whose globular elements sometimes
      formed hexagonal patterns. As the damage progressed, fissure-shaped membrane
      invaginations on the P face disappeared. Parts of the outer lipid layer of the
      plasmalemma were torn off the cell wall and adhered in fragments to the P face.
      The ultrastructural changes in the plasmalemma induced by econazole nitrate
      temporally correlate with an increase in the permeability of the cell envelope
      found in physiological studies performed by other authors.

PMID- 397620
TI  - Survey of Cryptococcus neoformans in the respiratory tract of patients with
      bronchopulmonary disorders and in the air.
AB  - Cryptococcus neoformans was cultured from 9 (1%) of 835 clinical specimens
      examined from the respiratory tract of patients. These isolations came from 3
      (0.4%) of the760 patients; 8 isolates were from sputum and one from urine. The
      fungus was not demonstrable in the air at a selected site during a 2-year study
      although other species of Cryptococcus, namely, C. albidus, C. ater, C. flavus,
      C. laurentii, C. magnus, C. terreus and C. uniguttulatus were isolated. The three
      C. neoformans positive patients were males, with pulmonary tuberculosis as the
      primary disease and history of repeated exposure to pigeon excreta in two. None
      of these patients manifested any overt signs and symptoms specificially
      attributable to cryptococcosis, nor did they receive any antifungal therapy.
      Repeated isolations of C. neoformans from sputum, a positive urine culture and
      demonstration of cryptococcal antibodies in a serum specimen, followed by
      negative cultures and serology, suggested that patient 1 had spontaneously
      recovered from an episode of benign, minimal pulmonary cryptococcosis. Patients 2
      and 3 probably carried the fungus as a transient resident of the respiratory
      tract. The results suggest that C. neoformans is of uncommon occurrence in the
      respiratory tract of patients with bronchopulmonary disorders and that the
      isolation of the fungus from this site may not necessarily imply an etiologic
      relationship.

PMID- 397621
TI  - A great forerunner of the modern sanitary organization, Prof. Dr Alexandru
      Obregia (1860-1937).

PMID- 397622
TI  - Transformation of the gene for hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase.
AB  - Purified DNA from wild-type Chinese ovary (CHO) cells has been used to transform
      three hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficient murine cell mutants
      to the enzyme positive state. Transformants appeared at an overall frequency of 5
      x 10(-8) colonies/treated cell and expressed CHO HPRT activity as determined by
      electrophoresis. One gene recipient, B21, was a newly isolated mutant of LMTK-
      deficient in both HPRT and thymidine kinase (TK) activities. Transformation of
      B21 to HPRT+ occurred at 1/5 the frequency of transformation to TK+; the latter
      was, in turn, an order of magnitude lower than that found in the parental LMTK-
      cells, 3 x 10(-6). Thus both clonal and marker-specific factors play a role in
      determining transformability. The specific activity of HPRT in transformant
      extracts ranged from 0.5 to 5 times the CHO level. The rate of loss of the
      transformant HPRT+ phenotype, as measured by fluctuation analysis, was 10(
      4)/cell/generation. While this value indicates stability compared to many gene
      transferents, it is much greater than the spontaneous mutation rate at the
      indigenous locus. The ability to transfer the gene for HPRT into cultured
      mammalian cells may prove useful for mutational and genetic mapping studies in
      this well-studied system.

PMID- 397623
TI  - Recollections of Boris Ephrussi.

PMID- 397624
TI  - [Management of risk factors in atherosclerosis].

PMID- 397625
TI  - Human bones from three burial mounds in Tokushima.

PMID- 397627
TI  - Cariostatic action of fluoride.

PMID- 397626
TI  - [Temporary resin restorations in crown and bridgework].

PMID- 397628
TI  - Fluoridation: a review of the 1976/1977 literature.

PMID- 397629
TI  - Metabolism of fluorides.

PMID- 397630
TI  - Fixed prosthodontics--a review of the 1977 literature.

PMID- 397631
TI  - [Periodontics--survey of the 1977 professional literature].

PMID- 397632
TI  - [Radiographic cephalometry: an historical literature survey].

PMID- 397633
TI  - [Comparative analysis of fixed and removable prosthetic rehabilitation in
      periodontal diseases].

PMID- 397634
TI  - [Mastocytes in healthy and diseases pulp].

PMID- 397635
TI  - [Cytologic study of herpes simplex infections of the oro-facial region].

PMID- 397636
TI  - [Extracorporeal test to prove oral allergies].

PMID- 397638
TI  - [Significance of speech in oral rehabilitation].

PMID- 397637
TI  - [Experimental and clinical investigation of contemporary materials for functional
      impressions].

PMID- 397639
TI  - [Photo-apparatus and technique in dentistry. II].

PMID- 397641
TI  - [Two cases of angiomyoma of the palatal region].

PMID- 397640
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint dysfunction with severe periodontal disease treated by
      prosthodontic procedure, a case report].

PMID- 397642
TI  - [A case report of Hallermann-Streiff syndrome].

PMID- 397643
TI  - [Histological and biochemical studies on recent and fossil shark teeth].

PMID- 397644
TI  - [Transcendental meditation].

PMID- 397645
TI  - Oral submucous fibrosis.

PMID- 397646
TI  - Role of oral cancer detection clinic.

PMID- 397647
TI  - American Association of Genito-Urinary Surgeons. Members.

PMID- 397648
TI  - Hermon Carey Bumpus, Jr. 1888-1977.

PMID- 397649
TI  - Transvesical Harris-Hryntschak prostatectomy with primary bladder closure and
      local vasoconstriction.
AB  - The simple, rapid and satisfactory method of the transvesical Harris-Hryntschak
      open prostatectomy is described. When this technique is used bleeding is reduced
      to an average of 85 ml. and visibility is improved by the local injection of a
      synthetic vasoconstrictor, ornithine-8 vasopressin, before enucleation.
      Hermostasis is obtained by tamponade with fine sutures occluding the bladder
      neck. Bladder closure is with heavy watertight, purse-string sutures. A "time and
      motion" study has reduced the usual operating time to 15 to 20 minutes with an
      intraoperative transfusion rate of 2.3%.

PMID- 397651
TI  - Presentation of Keyes medal to Dr. William W. Scott.

PMID- 397650
TI  - Richard Chute 1900-1978.

PMID- 397652
TI  - Renal autotransplantation for recurrent renal colic.
AB  - Renal autotransplantation as an alternative to ileal interposition has been done
      successfully in patients with repetitive episodes of renal colic. Urinary tract
      continuity has been re-established by anastomosis of a Boari tube directly to the
      renal pelvis. This has resulted in easy egress of recurrent calculi without pain.
      Furthermore, the musculature of the Boari tube seems to be adequate for
      prevention of vesicorenal reflux. The procedure has been devoid of electrolyte
      and mucous urinary retention problems associated with ileal interposition and it
      is advocated as an alternative in the management of such patients when medical
      therapy fails.

PMID- 397653
TI  - Evaluation of patients for secondary hypertension.
AB  - The recognition of secondary causes of hypertension, such as renovascular disease
      and aldosteronism, can be enhanced by stimulation and suppression of the 2 limbs
      of the renin angiotensin system. Normal values have been established in
      unstimulated and stimulated conditions. Saline infusion suppresses plasma
      aldosterone normally. Patients with proved adenomas do no suppress renin and are
      outside the well established ranges of normal suppression. Likewise, furosemide
      will stimulate renin release. Patients with proved aldosteronism are outside the
      normal ranges of plasma renin activity. These maneuvers also are useful in
      discriminating renovascular hypertension, particularly when achieving
      differential renal venous collections under stimulated conditions (after
      furosemide and tilting). By stressing this system (with furosemide stimulation or
      saline suppression) one can discriminate better secondary hypertension by the
      failure to respond normally.

PMID- 397655
TI  - Frank Burton Walsh, MD.

PMID- 397654
TI  - The American ophthalmological society. Directory of members.

PMID- 397656
TI  - Maynard C. Wheller, MD.

PMID- 397658
TI  - Harold Whaley Brown, MD.

PMID- 397659
TI  - Long term followup of cataracts in children after renal transplantation.
AB  - In reviewing the course of 218 renal transplantation recipients 55% have
      developed PSC of which eleven patients have had surgery on one or both eyes; The
      operations in general have been uncomplicated, and the visual results have been
      excellent with the exception of one case that had a detached retina. The
      cataracts were probably induced by heavy corticosteroid therapy as the larger the
      dosage and the younger the recipient, the more prone were they to the development
      of lens changes. Phacoemulsification was preferred in this series as the more
      expeditious technique, leading to a clearer anterior chamber with less chance of
      developing a secondary cataract.

PMID- 397657
TI  - The eighth Frederick H. Verhoeff Lecture. presented by saiichi mishima, MD
      Behcet's disease in Japan: ophthalmologic aspects.
AB  - The problems of Behcet's disease in Japan have been reviewed with particular
      emphasis on the ophthalmologic aspects: the historical background for the
      Japanese works, diagnostic critieria, epidemiology, some statistics, ocular
      symptomatology, ocular histopathology, etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment.
      Behcet's disease is the most frequent entity in endogenous uveitis in Japan.
      Patients are found throughout the country, and the prevalence rate averages seven
      to eight per 100,000 population: the rate is higher in the northern than in the
      southern districts. The diagnosis is made on the basis of a combination of
      clinical symptoms that are divided into the major and minor criteria symptoms.
      The major criteria comprise the ocular involvement, aphthous ulcers of the oral
      mucous membrane, genital ulcers, and skin lesions. These symptoms recur often as
      attacks and the disease follows a chronic course. The ocular involvement is found
      in 83% to 95% in males and 67% to 73% in females; the male  to female ratio in
      the number of patients is 1.78. Both into the anterior segment type and the
      fundus and panophthalmic types. The anterior segment type shows serous
      iridocyclitis with the classic type of hypopyon appearing in about 12% of the
      attacks. This type is found in about 20%, more often in females than in males,
      and the visual prognosis is more favorable than in the fundus and panophthalmic
      types. In the latter two types, attacks of retinal angitis resulting in intensive
      retinal edema, yellowish-white exudate, and hemorrhages recur particularly in the
      macular region, and the visual prognosis is poor. More than 50% of male patients
      lose visual acuity to less than 0.1 in five years, but this is the case in only
      10% of female patients. Consequently, Behcet's disease is the cause of blindness
      in about 12% of acquired blindness in adults. The ocular histopathology during
      the attack is characterized by severe angitis with intensive infiltration of
      neutrophil leucocytes largely in the uveal tract and the retina; the latter is
      severely affected and loss of visual cells and other neural elements results. The
      etiology of this disease still remains unknown but genetic predisposition is
      suggested since this disease is strongly linked with HL-A-B5. Environmental
      factors are also considered. Various abnormalities are found in the blood
      chemistry, blood cells (particularly in neutrophil leucocytes), immunologic
      mechanism, fibrinolytic and blood clotting system, and hormonal system.
      Chemotractic factors are found in the aqueous humor. These changes are
      particulary enhanced just before and during the ocular attacks. Systemic
      corticosteroids are deleterious to the visual prognosis, but cyclophosphamide and
      colchicine appear to suppress attacks and help patients maintain the visual
      acuity. However, these drugs are toxic, particulary to the reproductive organs,
      and the patients must be informed of this side effect and be allowed to make a
      decision before they are used.

PMID- 397660
TI  - The fole of the iris in the healing of corneal wounds.

PMID- 397661
TI  - Determination of 8-methoxypsoralen in serum, aqueous, and lens: relation to long
      wave ultraviolet phototoxicity in experimental and clinical photochemotherapy.

PMID- 397662
TI  - The natural course of active choroidal lesions in the presumed ocular
      histoplasmosis syndrome.
AB  - Eighty-two patients and 106 eyes with the POHS have been followed for one year or
      longer. Untreated active choroidal lesions were divided into groupings based on
      the distance from the center of the CFZ and the reltionship to the border of the
      CFZ. Twenty-three percent of untreated active choroidal lesions that were located
      inside the CFZ achieved 20/20 to 20/40 vision. Sixty-three percent of untreated
      active choroidal lesions that were located outside of the CFZ achieved a vision
      of 20/20 to 20/40. The active choroidal lesions with the best visual prognosis
      were 0.25 to 0.5 disc diamterers, demonstrated no growth, and had little or no
      associated choroidal bleeding. Activation of choroidal lesions in the fellow eye
      at the site of preexisting atrophic scars was documented in 21% of the eyes. One
      fellow eye developed a de novo active choroidal lesion. Eighteen percent of the
      cases had structurally congested nerve heads characterized by slight elevation of
      the disc and no physiologic depression; 3% of the eyes had drusen of the optic
      nerve. A relationship may exist between peripapillary scarring in the POHS and
      these nerve head changes.

PMID- 397663
TI  - Frank Duncan Costenbader, MD.

PMID- 397664
TI  - Changes in the visual fields in glaucoma: static and kinetic perimetry in 2,000
      patients.

PMID- 397666
TI  - Jerome T. Pearlman, MD.

PMID- 397665
TI  - Keratoplasty in aphakic eyes with corneal edema. Results in 100 cases with 10
      year followup.

PMID- 397667
TI  - [Finding of the staphyloccoi and streptococci of mastitis on the udder after
      various ways and means of cleaning].
AB  - The presence of mastitis staphylococci and streptococci on the udder's surface of
      400 cows was studied following application of various ways and means of cleaning.
      The presence of agents causing mastitis was determined before and after cleaning
      the udder. On uncleaned udder surfaces presence of mastitis staphylococci was
      observed in 52.5% and of mastitis streptococci--39.5% of udders studied. After
      washing with water mastitis staphylococci--on 12-20% of the udders. Following
      udder cleaning with solutions of antigerm 50 (0.04%) or yozan CCT (4%), mastitis
      staphylococci were found on 4% and 6% of the udders, respectively, while mastitis
      staphylococci--on 2% and 6%, respectively. Udder surface staphylococci belong in
      2.2% to II phagous group, in 46.6%--to the III group, and in 37.7% -- to mixed
      groups. The most frequently encountered phagous types were 6 and 42D.

PMID- 397668
TI  - [Use of the pyruvate test for determining the bacterial activity in milk].
AB  - Comparative studies were carried out on the pyruvate and reductase tests applied
      in milk of varying hygienic properties. It was established that: just after
      milking the pyruvate and reductase tests have a low correlation with bacterial
      infestation of milk; in milk cooled at 3--5 degrees C for a longer period (72 h)
      the pyruvate test has a good correlation with bacterial infestation of milk;
      following storage of milk at temperature above 10 degrees C the reductase test
      with methylene blue is better correlated with bacterial infestation of milk; the
      pyruvate-test is appropriate for evaluation of bacterial activity in milk cooled
      at low temperature and transported every second day; the reductase test is
      appropriate evaluation of bacterial activity in not well cooled milk which is
      transported one a day.

PMID- 397669
TI  - [Comparative studies between different methods for demonstrating blocking
      antibodies in experimental Br. melitensis infection in sheep and goats].
AB  - In the course of 4 years 4624 serums of 34 sheep and 4 goats experimentally
      infected with Br. melitensis biotype 1 and biotype 3 in a chronic phase of the
      Brucella infection process and 2792 serums obtained from part of the same sheep
      in acute and subacute phase of Brusella infection were investigated. In was
      established that Coomb's test and the cysteine test show greater constancy in
      proving the existence of blocking antibodies. They are followed by the Brucella
      blocking test after Renoux and the mercaptoethanol test. In the complement
      binding reaction participate mainly mercaptoethanol-sensitive antibodies, while
      in the presence of blocking (mercaptoethanol resistant) antibodies the complement
      binding reaction is characterized by binding a smaller amount of the complement.
      Cold complement binding leads to increased titers of complement binding
      antibodies mainly in respect to blocking antibodies. Positive hemocultures are
      established more often in case of mercaptoethanol-sensitive agglutinins in high
      titers, while positive urocultures--in case of high titer reaction of complement
      binding, in case of higher titers of blocking antibodies or in case of positive
      complement binding reaction and higher content of blocking (mercaptoethanol
      resistant) antibodies.

PMID- 397671
TI  - [Enterococci and coliforms in yellow sheep's milk cheese].
AB  - Ninety-two samples of sheep milk yellow cheese were investigated 30 and 180 days
      after its production. The content of enterococci varied within a wide range--from
      100 to 1,9 million per g. In 14.28% of the samples more than 10 000 enterococci
      per g were found. No correlation between salt content, acidity and pH and number
      of enterococci in the yellow cheese samples studied as well as between quantity
      of enterococci, period of cheese ripening and storage and the organoleptic
      evaluation of the product's ripeness was established. In 100% of the samples
      studied coli titer was above 0.1. Of the 137 differentiated enterococci strains
      67.1% belonged to the species Str. durans, while 32.8%--to Str. faecium.

PMID- 397670
TI  - [Influenza in man and animals].
AB  - A review of references found in World literature concerning the present day
      problem of grippe virus participation in man's and animals' pathology is made.
      New aspects of the relations between grippe viruses in man and in the animals,
      strain circulation, changes in their antigenic structures and the arisal of
      spontaneous mutations as well as the possibility for preserving human grippe
      strains in animals during interepidemical periods are revealed. Various
      hypotheses confirming this possibility are discussed. Results obtained in this
      field are summed up and an attempt to compare and analyse them is made in view to
      construct all-round conceptions and elaborate a strategy related with the study
      of grippe viruses also in animals and birds as their eventual biological
      reservoir. Data presented are of interest not only for etiology and epidemiology
      but also for the ecology of viral infections. Conclusions concerning the need to
      study grippe virus interrelations in man and animals in an all-round aspect,
      including the participation of various specialists, are made.

PMID- 397672
TI  - [Hemagglutinating activity of enterotoxic strains of E. coli isolated from
      calves].
AB  - The manose-resistant hemagglutination activity of 272 E. coli strains isolated
      from calves sick or dead of colibacteriosis, 43 of which were enteropathogenic,
      was assessed. Strain enteropathogeneity was determined after the method of Smith
      and Halls (1967). It was established that 38 (88.3%) of the 43 enteropathogenic
      strains cause full or partial hemagglutination of horse or pig erythrocytes.
      Manose-resistant hemagglutination was not observed in the non-enteropathogenic E.
      coli strains. Manose-resistant hemagglutination of enterotoxic E. coli strains is
      in relation with their enteropathogeneity.

PMID- 397673
TI  - [Growth characteristics of mutant strains of Escherichia coli isolated from
      poultry in the presence of streptomycin].
AB  - Three Escherichia coli strains--302(O111), 311(O78), and 331(O2) as well as
      streptomycin sensitive and streptomycin resistant mutants obtained from them by
      mutagenesis were studied. The sensitivity of all strains to streptomycin was
      tested in dilution series on hard and fluid medium. Growth curves were worked out
      by the biophotometer of Bonet, Maury and Jonan, adding various streptomycin
      concentrations to the medium at the very beginning of the experiment and 90 min
      after that. It was established that streptomycin concentrations above 15
      microgram/cm3 added to bacteria sensitive to it at the beginning of their log
      phase, shortens its duration by about 40%.

PMID- 397674
TI  - Holism and reductionism as perspectives in medicine and patient care.

PMID- 397676
TI  - [History of founding of the infectious disease hospital in Sandomierz].

PMID- 397675
TI  - [Role of the World Health Organization in the life of the states and nations].

PMID- 397678
TI  - [On the 30th anniversary of death of Waclaw Lilpop and the foundation of the
      Polish Urological Society].

PMID- 397679
TI  - [Analysis of the development of medical manpower in Europe during the years 1961
      1975].

PMID- 397677
TI  - [Glycemia and insulinemia in obesity treated with scleronorm].

PMID- 397680
TI  - [Remarks on the Frey's textbook of histochemistry published in 1870 in the light
      of histochemical achievements in the middle of the 19th century].

PMID- 397682
TI  - Factors influencing the copy number of F-like plasmids in Escherichia coli and
      Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The copy numbers of Flac, four F-like plasmids and pLT2 were estimated in two
      strains of Salmonella typhimurium and (for all except pLT2) one strain of
      Escherichia coli. For organisms grown in casamino acids minimal medium, the
      plasmids spanned a 7--8 fold range of copy number with ColB-K98 having the
      highest copy number in each strain and R124 the lowest. The copy number of ColB
      K98 was substantially greater than 1 in each of the strains tested. There was no
      clear relation between the plasmid size and copy number, although the plasmids
      studied spanned only a narrow size range. The copy number of individual plasmids
      was slightly reduced or not affected at all by the presence of a second plasmid
      in the same strain. Derivatives harbouring each of the plasmids were grown in
      three different media to ascertain how plasmid copy number responds to changes in
      growth rate. For each plasmid, the copy number increased with decreasing growth
      rate. Extracts from each of the three strains harbouring ColB-K98 contained two
      distinct plasmid species. One appeared to be about twice as large as the other
      and both were absent from Col- segregants.

PMID- 397681
TI  - Studies of colicin action on wall-less stable L-forms of Escherichia coli. I.
      Degree of attachment and of killing effect on rods and stable L-form cells.
AB  - Escherichia coli strains B and K12 W 1655 F+ are able to bind more lethal units
      of colicins E2, E3, G, H, Ia, and K+ X per one stable L-form cell (of the
      protoplast type) than per one rod cell; colicin D is bound in a higher amount on
      E. coli B rods. This pattern remains unchanged, if the same colicins are attached
      on chloroform-killed cells of both forms. Rods of both E. coli strains are more
      sensitive to colicins D, E2, E3, K + X (as--in the strain B--to colicin Ia) than
      cells of the respective L-forms. In the strain W 1655 F+ both cell forms are
      equally highly sensitive to colicin Ia. The stable L-forms of both strains are
      much more sensitive to colicins G and H than the rods. Thus the Gram-negative
      cell wall decreases the probability of a colicin molecule to get attached to its
      receptor in the cytoplasmic membrane. On the other hand, in E. coli cells the
      attachment of most colicin molecules to the wall receptors increases the
      probability of their biological effect. There is no such effect of the wall
      attachment on the action of colicins G or H. The strain B is tolerant to colicin
      E2, while being resistant to E3; thus the cytoplasmic membrane receptor sites for
      them are not identical.

PMID- 397683
TI  - [Dielectrophoresis as basis for a new preparative cell separation method].

PMID- 397684
TI  - [Effect of oils and fatty acids on growth and enzyme production of
      Thermoactinomyces vulgaris. I. Effect of oils and fatty acids on the metabolism
      of microorganisms (review of literature)].

PMID- 397685
TI  - [Study of a Pseudomonas mutant altered in methanol metabolism].
AB  - A glycine-resistant mutant was isolated from a methylotrophic strain of
      Pseudomonas species possessing serine pathway. This mutant presents some
      improvements in regard to growth parameters, and is able to excrete a fluorescent
      pigment under certain culture conditions. This pigment is capable of accelerating
      the reduction rate of formaldehyde to formate coupled with NAD. The same cannot
      be said for the wild type.

PMID- 397687
TI  - [The influence of perception training and the facilitation of cognition on the
      relaxation learning using EMG feedback].

PMID- 397686
TI  - [Effect of clays on the behavior of acidophilic Thiobacillus strains in
      suspensions].

PMID- 397688
TI  - [Immunologic coagulation and fibrinolysis diagnostics with regard to intermediate
      products].

PMID- 397689
TI  - [Laboratory information system with the use of the Videoton EC 1010 computer].

PMID- 397690
TI  - [Dedicated on the occasion of the 66th birthday of Roger Coujard on the 4th of
      November, 1978].

PMID- 397691
TI  - [Modes of entry of Toxoplasma gondii trophozoites into normal mouse peritoneal
      macrophage and HeLa cell monolayers. A phase-contrast microcinematographic study
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The mode of entry of living trophozoites of Toxoplasma gondii (RH strain) into
      normal mouse peritoneal macrophage and HeLa cell monolayers was studied by phase
      contrast microcinematography. The results have shown that Toxoplasma can enter
      into macrophages either by phagocytosis (Figs. 1 and 2) and/or by active
      penetration (Fig. 3). Only the latter process was observed with normally non
      phagocytic HeLa cells (Fig. 4). During this process the parasites actively moved
      towards the host-cells by flexion and penetrated them always through their
      sharpest end. Active penetration was a rapid phenomenon (about 20 s at 37 degrees
      C) and was accompanied by a series of morphological changes, i.e., elongation of
      the anterior end, contraction and swelling of the parasite body. Contrasting with
      phagocytosis, toxoplasmas which had penetrated into the cell were not immediately
      isolated from the host-cytoplasm by a microscopically discernable vacuole. The
      nature of the process of penetration (pressure and/or perforation of the plasma
      membrane) is discussed.

PMID- 397692
TI  - [Current findings on the morphology of the endocrine pancreas].

PMID- 397693
TI  - Ovarian cancer.

PMID- 397694
TI  - [Analysis of the gap in planning fixed constructions and their temporary care].

PMID- 397695
TI  - [Periodontal support of a complete prosthesis].

PMID- 397696
TI  - [Direct rebasing of complete prosthesis].

PMID- 397697
TI  - [Partial extraction and prosthetic care].

PMID- 397698
TI  - [Anchoring an upper complete denture with an obturator].

PMID- 397699
TI  - [Monoamine oxidase in isolated rat odontoblasts in normal and pathological
      conditions].

PMID- 397700
TI  - Course of antibiotic sensitivities in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
      from animals.
AB  - In order to establish the evolution of resistance against the common antibiotics
      from the beginning of their use up to the present time, the sensitivity of
      Escherichia coli isolated from the cecum of wild boars was determined. The MIC's
      of E. coli from these animals in a zoological garden was examined for comparison.
      The samples from the wild boars were collected in five forests in the Belgian
      Ardennes. The MIC's obtained (Table 1) are comparable to the mean values given in
      the early literature concerning strains of human origin (Table 7). E. coli from
      wild boars in a zoological garden has less sensitivity than from domesticated
      animals. However, the MIC's of staphylococci from fecal matter of the animals in
      captivity were not markedly enhanced except for streptomycin (Table 3). It was
      striking to find that staphylococci were absent in all the fecal samples from the
      wild boars living in their natural environment. The specific habitat of
      staphylococci is in man. Wild boars are the ancestors of domestic pigs. The MIC's
      of E. coli from the latter were determined for evaluation of altered resistance.
      All isolated strains were fairly resistant to the six substances tested (Table
      2). Chloramphenicol was still the most active antibiotic. Staphylococci from some
      domestic animals (pigs, cattle, chicken) were sensitive to all the substances
      tested except the aminoglucosides and ampicillin (Table 3). E. coli from pigs
      bred on large farms in Spain (Toledo and Badajoz Provinces) were also highly
      resistant (Table 4) to five compounds and sensitive to cephalotin, polymyxin B,
      furoxone, and Carbadox. The samples obtained from family farms also contained
      unsensitive strains (Avila Province). These animals had never been given
      antibacterial feed additives as was confirmed by examination of feed samples
      (Table 6). Staphylococci when present in the Spanish samples can be considered to
      be antibiotic sensitive with the same exceptions as in the Belgian samples and
      also unsensitive to chloramphenicol. The use of antibiotics in animal feed was
      very common in Spain as was shown by feed analysis (Table 6). The risk of
      transferable resistance by plasmids between animal species must not be very high.
      In some cases where resistance formation could be mediated by R-factors,
      sensitive E. coli or staphylococci were isolated. Resistance was not generalized
      among animals from the same farm or in adjacent sties. No explanation for this
      discrepancy was found.

PMID- 397701
TI  - [The occurrence of salmonellae in drinking water (author's transl)].
AB  - A total of 7187 samples of drinking water from different areas of the Lower
      Saxonian District of Braunschweig was investigated according to regulations of
      the Trinkwasser-Verordnung during June 1977 and May 1979. The bacteriological
      results are given in Tab. 1 and 2. Salmonellae were isolated in three samples of
      drinking water and in one sample of sludge from a municipal pipe of drinking
      water (see also Tab. 2). Additional experiments confirm that growth of
      salmonellae and other enterobacteria is possible in that sludge (Fig. 1 and 2).
      These findings implicate some considerations: E. coli and coliforms are the most
      important microbial water quality indicators of the Trinkwasser-Verordnung. It is
      presupposed that, when the indicator density is low (less than 1 per 100 ml) the
      probability that pathogen are present also will be very low. But the question is
      how low. The risk factor may be estimated on the base of the E. coli-Salmonella
      ratio in raw sewage of about 10(6). But this relation lessens already in
      effluents of sewage treatment plants to 10(3) and it seems to be often 10(2) in
      inadequately disinfected drinking water. For example, we have found four
      Salmonella serotypes and 408 E. coli during two years. Therefore, the judgement
      of the presence of E. coli or coliforms in samples of drinking water must impact
      highly on the improvement of the water quality by disinfection in future.

PMID- 397702
TI  - Partial purification and characterization of the oxytocin-inactivating enzymes
      from chicken liver.
AB  - 1. Two enzymes acting on the linear portion of oxytocin: carboxamidopeptidase
      (releasing Gly . NH2) and prolyl peptidase (releasing Leu-Gly . NH2) were
      identified in the cytoplasmic fraction of chicken liver. 2. Carboxamidopeptidase
      was purified 134-fold with a 23% yield, and prolyl peptiase 71-fold with a 20%
      yield. The specific activity of the final preparations was 181 and 96 microU/mg
      protein, respectively. 3. The optimum pH for carboxamidopeptidase was 6.0--6.5
      and for prolyl peptidase, 7.5. Carboxamidopeptidase activity was inhibited by
      Mn2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, Co2+, and stimulated by EDTA; the activity of prolyl peptidase
      was inhibited by Zn2+ and Mn2+. The Km value of both enzymes for oxytocin was 1.5
      -2.4 microM.

PMID- 397703
TI  - [The gluconate metabolism system in Escherichia coli. Selection, physiological
      and genetic studies of new mutations affecting the system (author's transl)].

PMID- 397704
TI  - The development of an active vaccine against leprosy.

PMID- 397705
TI  - [Inbreeding effect of several generations of full-sib mating in Aedes aegypti
      (L.) (author's transl)].

PMID- 397706
TI  - Significance of the immunological factor in the sterility of cervical origin.
      Clinical data and terapeutic trends.
AB  - In 40 couples with negative penetration test in vivo and in vitro we have looked
      for abSA, abSI and abIF. We discuss the usefulness of the condom protected
      intercourse and the artificial insemination with husband's sperm as therapeutic
      approaches.

PMID- 397707
TI  - In vivo and in vitro sperm penetration in cervical mucus.

PMID- 397708
TI  - Testing twin means and estimating genetic variance: basic methodology for the
      analysis of quantitative twin data.
AB  - Twin methodology for the analysis of continuously distributed traits is presented
      as a guideline for initial steps in the analysis of twin data. Tests for
      heterogeneity of twin means and variances are reviewed along with estimates of
      genetic variance. Analysis of twin data appears on the surface to be a rather
      simple task, but investigators may well be confused by the wealth of choices
      available for hypothesis testing. This paper is designed to help the less
      experienced investigator, with perhaps a modest amount of data, begin analysis
      with maximum attention to testing all testable assumptions of the twin model, and
      using recent examples of applications of the methods.

PMID- 397709
TI  - James Shields, 1918-1978.

PMID- 397710
TI  - Blood coagulation abnormalities in the Schonlein-Henoch syndrome in adults.
AB  - 23 adult patients with Schonlein-Henoch's syndrome were observed between 1965 and
      1976. Nephropathy was noted in 18, gastrointestinal bleedings in 13, thrombosis
      of legs in 4, cases. Haemostasis was studied in the successive phases of the
      process on 185 occasions altogether. The studies included four different
      capillary tests, thromboelastography, the Gerendas coagulogram, determination of
      partial thromboplastin time and two platelet-function tests. Additional renal
      biopsy was performed in 10 cases, mesocolon and skin biopsy in one case each. The
      results of at least one of the capillary tests were found positive in each of the
      patients in some stage of the process. The coagulation status was marked by
      hyperocagulability either in itself or combined with laboratory signs of
      hypocoagulability. Immunohistological study of the biopsy specimens revealed
      glomerular fibrin deposits in 7 cases. On the evidence of the follow-up studies
      the laboratory tests may be used for the assessment of the activity of the
      process. The alternatives of local intravascular coagulation (LIC) or of
      compensated diffuse intravascular coagulation (DIC) are offered for the
      interpretation of hypercoagulability.

PMID- 397711
TI  - Comparison of the analgesic dose-effect relationships of nefopam and oxycodone in
      postoperative pain.
AB  - The analgesic dose-effect relationship of nefopam was compared in a double-blind
      randomised trial with that of oxycodone in immediate postoperative pain. Nefopam
      15 mg or oxycodone 4 mg was given every 10 min i.v. (maximum six times) to
      patients in pain after upper abdominal surgery until their wound pain (scored 0
      3) disappeared. The mean pain intensity (PI), initially 2.2 in both groups,
      descreased by approximately the same extent for up to two doses in both groups
      (to 1.5 after nefopam 30 mg and to 1.1 after oxycodone 8 mg). Thereafter PI was
      significantly less in the oxycodone group and diminished almost linearily to 0.1
      after the sixth dose (24 mg). In the nefopam group, the PI score fell to 1.1
      after the fourth dose (60 mg). This seemed to be the "ceiling" effect since
      additional doses up to 90 mg did not result in greater pain relief. In the
      oxycodone group, only two patients (12%) needed maximal dosage (6 x 4 mg), one of
      them requiring 32 mg of oxycodone. In the nefopam group, 12 patients (75%) needed
      further pain relief after the maximal dosage (6 x 15 mg). In these patients,
      oxycodone (maximally 16 mg) gave satisfactory analgesia. Drowsiness and a
      decrease in the respiratory rate were the principal side-effects of oxycodone,
      whereas tachycardia, restlessness, sweating and nausea were more frequent after
      nefopam.

PMID- 397712
TI  - Histocompatibility and corneal graft endothelium.

PMID- 397713
TI  - [E. coli serum antibodies in pyelonephritis: their detection with monovalent O
      antigens of known blood groups, with polyvalent antigens, isolated from patients'
      urine].

PMID- 397714
TI  - Plasma renin activity and mineralocorticoid replacement therapy in congenital
      adrenal hyperplasia.
AB  - Plasma renin activity and serum concentrations of sodium and potassium were
      repeatedly measured in seven children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to
      steroid-21-hydroxylase deficiency, to monitor the sodium balance during
      treatment. Infants with the salt-losing form had high plasma renin activity
      levels 5--11 months after subcutaneous implantation of a pellet containing 100 mg
      deoxycorticosterone acetate. These elevated plasma renin activity levels were
      suppressed to the normal range by repeated implantation of DOCA pellet.
      Moderately elevated values of plasma renin activity in older salt-losers
      normalized after increasing the dietary sodium intake. Plasma renin activity
      level has superiority over serum electrolyte concentrations as an index of
      mineralocorticoid deficiency.

PMID- 397715
TI  - Hormonal interactions and glucose homeostasis.

PMID- 397716
TI  - Donor-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity in renal allograft recipients.
AB  - The immunological in vitro responses of cadaver kidney transplanted patients
      against donor specific target cells were investigated with the test systems for
      antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and direct cell-mediated
      cytotoxicity (DCMC). The test systems were used in 58 recipients just before the
      transplantation. Nine recipients (17%) had positive donor directed ADCC
      reactivity and of these seven had early rejection episodes, but this outcome was
      not significantly different from the outcome in the ADCC negative group. Only one
      recipient showed positive donor directed DCMC reactivity and had early loss of
      the graft in rejection. The test systems were further used to monitor the donor
      specific responces after the transplantation in 32 recipients. Positive DCMC
      reactivities were significantly correlated with clinical rejections but most
      often positive reactions occurred too late to be of predictive value. The donor
      specific ADCC reactivity after transplantation was not clearly correlated with
      rejections. It is concluded that the predictive and diagnostic values of the two
      test systems were too weak to justify their use as routine methods in the
      clinical management of the kidney transplanted patient.

PMID- 397718
TI  - In vitro influence of endotoxin on human mononuclear phagocyte structure and
      function. 2. Enhancement of the expression of cytoststic and cytolytic activity
      of normal and lymphokine-activated monocytes.
AB  - The presence of non-toxic concentrations of E. coli endotoxin (LPS) during the in
      vitro interaction of normal human monocytes and a human tumour cell line (NHIK
      3025) enhanced monocyte-mediated target cell cytostasis and cytolysis. Monocyte
      responsiveness to LPS was greatest at an intermediate stage of in vitro
      differentiation. The expression of cytostatic and cytolytic activity by human
      monocytes activated with mediators from Corynebacterium parvum-stimulated human
      lymphocytes was also enhanced by LPS. Lymphokine activation did not induce
      additional LPS responsiveness in the monocytes. Monocytes activated with
      lymphokines and subsequently deactivated by in vitro culture did not show any
      increase in LPS responsiveness. A soluble cytostatic factor, which is probably
      not cold thymidine, was released from monocytes exposed first to lymphokines and
      then to LPS. While LPS is ineffective as an induction signal of monocyte
      cytotoxicity to tumour cells in this system, it enhances the expression of
      cytotoxicity induced by prolonged in vitro culture or lymphokine activation.

PMID- 397717
TI  - In vitro influence of endotoxin on human mononuclear phagocyte structure and
      function. 1. Depression of protein synthesis, phagocytosis of Candida albicans
      and induction of cytostatic activity.
AB  - The effect of E. coli endotoxin (LPS) on human monocytes and peritoneal
      macrophages (PEC) during in vitro differentiation was studied. Short-term (less
      than 24 hours) exposure to LPS in concentrations up to 50 microgram/ml did not
      affect monocyte survival or 51Cr-release, but concentrations of 10 microgram/ml
      or more reduced monocyte survival when LPS exposure was prolonged to 72 h.
      Undifferentiated monocytes seemed to be sensitive to this effect. Monocyte and
      PEC protein synthesis was reduced by nontoxic LPS concentrations in both
      undifferentiated and differentiated cells. LPS exposure reduced monocyte
      ingestion and degradation of 125I-labelled Candida albicans, dependent on time
      and dosage. The induction of monocyte- and PEC-mediated cytoststic activity to
      tumour cells induced by prolonged in vitro culture was also impaired by LPS. The
      morphological alterations induced in mononuclear phagocytes by LPS included a
      changes distribution of cells in the monolayer, changes in membrane structure and
      apparent reduction of lysosomes. LPS thus interferes adversely with several
      aspects of human mononuclear phagocyte in vitro differentiation.

PMID- 397719
TI  - Endotoxin fever in capsaicin treated rats.
AB  - The fever elicited by 10 micrograms/kg intravenous E. coli endotoxin was
      significantly higher in capsaicin desensitized rats than in controls, but there
      was an upper limit to the rise in body temperature in both groups. Capsaicin
      desensitization permitted the participation of various heat producing mechanisms
      even if the initial body temperature was high. The fever course was
      characteristically biphasic, similar as in control rats, thus desensitization did
      not alter the factors mediating the various phases of the endotoxin response.

PMID- 397720
TI  - Possibility of long-lasting amplification of insulin receptors by a single
      treatment at newborn age.
AB  - Administration of insulin to newborn rats was shown to amplify the hormone
      receptors. Blood sugar values in animals thus treated were lower in the adult
      age, which could be explained by increased sensitivity to endogenous insulin; the
      decrease of blood sugar in response to exogenous insulin was similar in
      magnitude, however, it occurred at a lower level compared to the controls. These
      changes were more marked in female than in male rats.

PMID- 397721
TI  - Comparison of the effector mechanisms during endotoxin fever in the adult rabbit.
AB  - In unanaesthetized adult rabbits an intravenous dose of E. coli endotoxin evoked
      a febrile rise in colonic temperature at ambient temperatures of 9 to 31 degrees
      C. The rise in colonic temperature and oxygen consumption did not depend on the
      ambient temperature, while, among the heat loss effectors, in warmer environments
      only the depression of respiratory heat loss and in cooler environments only ear
      skin vasoconstriction contributed to the febrile rise in colonic temperature. In
      moderately warm environments the endotoxin first induced a maximum inhibition of
      respiratory frequency and this was followed by vasoconstriction. Later, a
      transient rise in oxygen consumption occurred. During defervescence the timing of
      the effectors was reversed. The results showed that a febrile response is not
      necessarily characterized by simultaneous changes in the thermoregulatory
      effector mechanisms.

PMID- 397722
TI  - [In memoriam Telma Reca].

PMID- 397723
TI  - [Psychopathologic and psychodynamic aspects of juvenile delinquency].

PMID- 397724
TI  - [The 1st psychiatric episode of the Spanish conquest. Contribution to the history
      of psychiatry in Latin America].

PMID- 397725
TI  - [Rapid control of the acute patient by haloperidol administration].

PMID- 397726
TI  - [Suicide and adolescence. I. Incidence, historical and suicidal factors].

PMID- 397727
TI  - The ultrastructure of mouse metaphase chromosomes.

PMID- 397728
TI  - Antigenic similarity of morphologic type CIII1 bacteriophages.

PMID- 397729
TI  - The ultrastructure of neuropil of the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular
      nuclei and of the neurohypophysis of dehydrated rats: ZIO-impregnation.

PMID- 397730
TI  - Electron-microscopic investigations of isolated islets of Langerhans in
      hyperinsulinemic rats by means of transmission and freeze-etching techniques.

PMID- 397732
TI  - Cross-protection against Salmonella enteritidis infection in mice.
AB  - Mice were immunized subcutaneously with live vaccines and live vaccines with
      complete adjuvant incorporating Salmonella enteritidis Se 795, Salmonella typhi
      murium M206, Salmonella gallinarum 9R or Salmonella pullorum Sp223. They were
      challenged along with unvaccinated controls with 100 LD50 of virulent S.
      enteritidis 5694 SMR subcutaneously on the 21st day post-vaccination. The humoral
      immune response was studied by assessing the sequential level of agglutinins,
      complete and incomplete somatic antibodies, opsonophagocytic antibodies,
      cytophilic antibodies and bactericidal antibodies before and after challenge. The
      level of these antibodies and the protection afforded by the particular vaccine
      is correlated and the possible involvement of a humoral mechanism is discussed.

PMID- 397731
TI  - Cross-protection aginst Salmonella enteritidis infection in mice. I. Immunization
      trials.
AB  - Mice were immunized subcutaneously with live and killed vaccines, with and
      without complete adjuvant incorporating Salmonella typhi-murium M206, Salmonella
      gallinarum 9R, Salmonella pullorum Sp223 as well as homologous Salmonella
      enteritidis Se795. The animals were challenged 21 days post-vaccination with 100
      LD50 of virulent S. enteritidis 5694 SMR subcutaneously along with unvaccinated
      control mice. To assess the immunity against acute and chronic infections, the
      percentage of absolute survivors i.e. survivors without lesions and without the
      challenge organism, was taken as the criterion. Live vaccines proved better than
      killed vaccines. Live vaccines with complete adjuvant induced a good protection.
      Cross-protection could be induced with the live vaccine with complete adjuvant
      against S. enteritidis infection in mice.

PMID- 397734
TI  - Differentiation of rapidly growing scotochromogenic mycobacteria employing the
      ZYM API system as substratum.
AB  - Nineteen enzyme activities were investigated in 15 species of rapidly growing
      scotochromogenic mycobacteria, employing the ZIM API system is substrate. With
      this system, the time of identificaiion is reduced from two weeks to four hours.

PMID- 397733
TI  - Cross-protection against Salmonella enteritidis infection in mice. III. Delayed
      hypersensitivity reaction and clearance of the challenge organism.
AB  - Mice were immunized with live vaccines and with live vaccines with complete
      adjuvant incorporating Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhi-murium,
      Salmonella gallinarum or Salmonella pullorum. On the 21st day after vacination,
      the hypersensitivity reactions elicited by the mice to extracts of the challenge
      organism (S. enteritidis 5694 SMR) were assessed. The degree of delayed
      hypersensitivity reaction was compared with the level of protection induced by
      the vaccine. The role in protection of delayed hypersensitivity is discussed.
      Clearance of the challenge organism from the liver of previously vaccinated and
      unvaccinated mice was assessed quantitatively.

PMID- 397735
TI  - Elimination of F'lac plasmid by different psychotropic drugs and some related
      compounds.
AB  - Desipramine, trimipramine, protriptyline, noxiptyline, promazine, trimeprazine,
      triflupromazine and chlorprothixene methoiodide eliminated the F'lac plasmid of
      Escherichia coli, while thiazinanum, toluidine blue, lidocaine and procaine were
      ineffective in this respect. The plasmid eliminating action of the drug ceased in
      the presence of 0.05 M magnesium sulphate. Methylene blue did not inhibit plasmid
      elimination by the psychotropic drugs, and in presence of the dye even lidocaine
      and procaine became effective. Based on plasmid elimination in the presence of
      methylene blue and on the selective effects of the lon- mutant, the plasmid
      eliminating mechanism of psychotropic drugs seems to differ from that of acridine
      orange.

PMID- 397736
TI  - Microbial models for drug metabolism.

PMID- 397737
TI  - Plant cell cultures, a potential source of pharmaceuticals.

PMID- 397738
TI  - Bacteriophages of the genus Clostridium.

PMID- 397739
TI  - Increasing yields of extracellular enzymes.

PMID- 397741
TI  - Structure-activity relationships in fusidic acid-type antibiotics.

PMID- 397740
TI  - Applications of microbial enzymes in food systems and in biotechnology.

PMID- 397742
TI  - [Reconstruction of pulpless teeth].

PMID- 397744
TI  - [A new economical dermatome].

PMID- 397743
TI  - [Chemotherapeutic agents in the control of bacterial plaque].

PMID- 397745
TI  - Lymphocytes and macrophages in the lymphomyleoid complex.

PMID- 397746
TI  - Ultrastructural studies on bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and
      lymphoepithelium in pulmonary cell-mediated reactions in the rabbit.

PMID- 397747
TI  - BCG-activated macrophages: comparison as effectors in direct tumor-cell
      cytotoxicity and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

PMID- 397748
TI  - Correlation of B cell acquisition of differentiation antigens with capacity to
      interact with allogeneic effect factor (AEF).

PMID- 397749
TI  - Effect of immune sera upon enhanced in vitro antibody responses.
AB  - Immunization of rabbits with S marcescens bacteria in Freund's incomplete
      adjuvant resulted in development of anti-Serratia sera with bacterial
      agglutinating properties as well as LPS modulating properties. The antisera
      reacted with the LPS in counterimmunoelectrophoretic assays. Such antisera also
      stimulated the LPS induced enhancement of specific anti-SRBC responses from
      normal spleen cell cultures but did not further enhance the stimulated responses
      of similar cultures incubated with the smaller molecular weight PS-rich
      derivative. The antisera had no effect on LPS or PS enhanced nonspecific
      background anti-SRBC response as compared to normal rabbit serum-treated
      controls. These results point to a possible role for immune complexes as an
      enhancer of the immunostimulating activities of LPS antibody-treated cultures and
      also indicate a difference between LPS and PS as immunomodulators.

PMID- 397750
TI  - Immunosuppression as a homeostatic mechanism in disease and aging.

PMID- 397752
TI  - Stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system and autoimmunity.

PMID- 397751
TI  - Genetic modification of macrophage functions in relation to antibody
      responsiveness and resistance to infection.

PMID- 397753
TI  - Phagocyte functions in familial Mediterranean fever.
AB  - Monocytes derived from peripheral blood of patients with familial Mediterranean
      fever (F.M.F.) demonstrated lower phagocytic capacity for Shigella flexneri and
      depressed bactericidal activity against S. albus when compared to monocytes from
      healthy individuals. Treatment of patients with colchicine did not alter these
      functions. On the other hand, chemokinesis of PMN of F.M.F. patients was enhanced
      especially during attacks. Colchicine treatment decreased significantly the PMN
      chemotactic migration.

PMID- 397754
TI  - Macrophage activation for tumor cytotoxicity: mechanisms of macrophage activation
      by lymphokines.

PMID- 397755
TI  - Relationship between protective immunity, mitogenicity, and B cell activiation by
      Salmonella vaccines.

PMID- 397756
TI  - The treatment of established micrometastases with syngeneic macrophages.
AB  - We demonstrated that macrophages injected systemically can profoundly inhibit the
      incidence of experimentally induced metasis. In our system mice bearing
      established micro-metastases were treated with one, two, or three i.v. injections
      of activated macrophages. Specificially activated (immune) macrophages were most
      efficient in reducing the number of metastases, but non-specifically activated
      macrophages were also effective in reducing the metastatic incidence. Macrophage
      play a major role in host defense against neoplasia (9,22) and have been shown to
      influence the outcome of spontaneous metastasis (9). Rat sarcomas whose
      macrophage content was found to be high were also shown to be non-metastatic.
      Conversly, rat sarcomas with low macrophage content were found to be metastatic
      (9). Our current data demonstrate that the systemic injection of syngeneic
      activated (exogenous) macrophages can bring about a significant reduction of
      lethal cancer metastases. Apparently, treatment with activated macrophages can
      increase the rate of tumor cell destruction as compared to the rate of tumor cell
      proliferation which ultimately leads to inhibition of clinical metastasis.

PMID- 397757
TI  - Influence of tumor burden, tumor removal, immune stimulation, plasmapheresis on
      monocyte mobilization in cancer patients.

PMID- 397758
TI  - Studies on the endotoxin induced tumor resistance.
AB  - In summary, this report has discussed the immunologic mechanisms involved in the
      enhancement of nonspecific resistance to tumor by endotoxin. The optimal
      conditions for tumor protection involved pretreatment with approximately 25 mug
      LPS administered at the siteof subsequent tumor challenge. In an attempt to
      relate endotoxin structural components to the ability to enhance TUR, a variety
      of whole LPS's, endotoxic glycolipids and PS preparations were compared. While
      all of the intact LPS's and several of the glycolipids were effective in
      enhancing TUR, some endotoxic glycolipids were totally inactive although they
      were equally toxic. Some lipid-free PS preparations were also active although
      less than whole LPS. Evidence was presented to suggest that mechanism for
      enhancement of TUR involves B cells and macrophages but not T cells. The
      mechanism also involves the production of soluble factors which are released into
      the serum of mice in response to LPS or PS. These factors can transfer and
      mediate the antitumor effects of LPS. The preinfection of mice with BCG enhanced
      the activity of LPS and PS in the production of antitumor activity.

PMID- 397759
TI  - A macrophage chemotaxis inhibitors produced by neoplasms: characterization of its
      biological activity.

PMID- 397760
TI  - Effects of bacterial products on granulopoiesis.
AB  - Methylated endotoxin and Freeman-type polysaccharide each stimulate
      granulopoiesis and the production of CSF in mice. These same preparations also
      protect pretreated mice from lethal X-irradiation. The role of CSF in stimulating
      granulopoiesis in vivo was shown by the ability of anti-CSF to reduce the number
      of CFUc in endotoxin-treated mice. C3H/HeJ low responder mice cannot be protected
      against lethal X-irradiation by pretreatment with endotoxin and they fail to
      produce CSF in response to phenol water extracted endotoxin and the Freeman-type
      polysaccharide, but do respond to trichloroacetic acid endotoxin with elevated
      serum CF levels.

PMID- 397761
TI  - Opsonization of antitumor reactive lymphocyte in SJL/J mice bearing spontaneous
      or transplanted reticulum cell sarcomas (RCS).
AB  - Radiolabelled antitumor reactive T lymphocytes (ARC) were prepared in vivo by
      immunization of SJL/J mice with mitomycin C inactivated syngeneic LA-6 tumor
      cells followed by injection of 125IUdR to label dividing cells. These ARC were
      specifically diverted to the liver when injected in LA-6 tumor-bearer serum and
      injected i.v. into normal SJL/J mice. Likewise, SJL/J anti-Balb/c ARC were
      diverted to the liver of SJL/J mice bearing spontaneous reticulum cell sarcomas
      (RCS) carrying Balb/c cross-reactive antigens but not in mice with Balb/c
      negative neoplasms. Mice with Balb/c positive tumors also had circulating ARC
      opsonizing factors. These results suggest a mechanism for the survival of
      antigenic tumors involving macrophages and ARC opsonizing (ARCO) factors. A novel
      approach to immunotherapy is discussed.

PMID- 397763
TI  - Automated retrieval of purine literature.
AB  - The scientific papers of the revised literature are not a unit when considered
      terminologically for automated retrieval. A 60-80% of the total valid references
      obtained through each data base was stored in the computer memory in virtually
      closed compartments although they belonged to the same material complex. The
      retrieval of these papers requires independent profiles series which although
      they give rise 14-28% duplicate references, the final yield can be increased by
      100-200% of the yield obtained through the basic profile of the central subject
      considered.

PMID- 397762
TI  - In vitro and in vivo effect of deoxycoformycin in human T cell leukemia.

PMID- 397764
TI  - Regulation of purine savage enzymes in E. coli.

PMID- 397765
TI  - Thromboxane A2 biosynthesis during endotoxin-induced aggregation of platelets
      from normal and sensitized guinea-pigs.
AB  - Endotoxin lipopolysaccharides Escherichia coli O26:B6 and E. coli O127:B8 were
      weak inducers of aggregation in normal guinea-pig platelet-rich plasma (PRP),
      even in the presence of Ca2+. Indomethacin hardly inhibited endotoxin-induced
      aggregation, indicating that biosynthesis of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) was of little
      importance. In accordance with this conclusion TXA2 was not detectable by means
      of bioassay during endotoxin-induced aggregation in normal guinea-pig PRP.
      Pretreatment of the guinea-pigs with endotoxin sensitized their PRP to endotoxin.
      This was due to a humoral factor with a selectively directed towards the
      polysaccharide moiety of endotoxin. The combination of this factor with endotoxin
      indued a marked biosynthesis of TXA2 and concomitant platelet aggregation.

PMID- 397766
TI  - [Mooren's ulcer treated by lamellar keratoplasty (author's transl)].

PMID- 397768
TI  - Bacteriological quality of raw materials used in Finnish mink feed.

PMID- 397767
TI  - A modified method for the detection of antibiotic residues in slaughter animals.

PMID- 397769
TI  - A simple washing unit for micro-ELISA.

PMID- 397770
TI  - Selective isolation of slowly growing acidifying mycoplasmas from swine and
      cattle.

PMID- 397772
TI  - A tribute to Margaret Klapper.

PMID- 397771
TI  - Acute promyelocytic leukemia.
AB  - Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by proliferation of
      morphologically abnormal promyelocytes and a severe bleeding diathesis. The
      abnormal promyelocyte is characterized by abundant, large granules, many of which
      are spindle-shaped. Electron microscopic appearance of the granules closely
      resembles that of Auer rods. The granules appear to possess tissue thromboplastin
      activity by both immunologic and clotting assays. Coagulation studies in APL are
      generally consistent with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Prolongation of
      the prothrombin time and elevation of fibrinogen degradation products are the
      tests that are most commonly abnormal. Although occasional reports indicate a
      favorable response of the coagulopathy to drugs that inhibit fibrinolysis, the
      use of prophylactic heparin appears to be the treatment of choice. The response
      rate of APL to chemotherapy regimens that contain an anthracycline is comparable
      to that of acute myelogenous leukemia. The recent description of the 15;17
      chromosomal translocation which may be pathognomonic for APL is only the second
      example of a chromosomal marker of human neoplasia. Marked elevation of serum
      vitamin B12 and B12 binding proteins appears to be another characteristic feature
      of APL. An in vitro cell line of APL cells has been demonstrated to have the
      capacity to differentiate to functional polymorphonuclear leukocytes, but the
      cause for the maturation arrest is unknown.

PMID- 397775
TI  - Graefenberg Medical Institute.

PMID- 397773
TI  - Depigmentations of the general and oral tissues and their genetic foundations.

PMID- 397774
TI  - A memorial lecture for Dr. Ben Wells.

PMID- 397776
TI  - Clap your hands.

PMID- 397777
TI  - Some thoughts on a quiet pioneer.

PMID- 397778
TI  - Structural physiology of the human spleen.
AB  - The structural physiology of the human spleen is discussed in depth here, with
      particular emphasis on the interrelationships between blood cells and the spleen.
      The unique microvasculature and structural relationships of the spleen form the
      basis for a number of functions important in both health and disease. Utilizing
      scanning electron microscopy one can visualize the interactions between blood
      elements and the spleen---the passage of deformable erythrocytes through narrow
      slits in the endothelium separating cord and sinus, the trapping of less
      deformable cells in the cords, the culling and pitting of abnormal or inclusion
      bearing erythrocytes by splenic macrophages, as well as the sites of interaction
      between antigenic stimuli such as pneumococcal organisms and the T and B cells of
      the spleen.

PMID- 397779
TI  - The spleen in sickle cell disease and thalassemia.

PMID- 397780
TI  - Functions of the spleen in host defense against infection.
AB  - In humans the spleen functions in host defense as a filter and site for
      phagocytic clearance of the bloodstream. The spleen serves an essential role in
      this phagocytic clearance if the host has deficient concentrations of opsonizing
      antibodies. The spleen also produces antibody, and splenic function is required
      for the host to mount an early IgM response. There is evidence from experiments
      using animals that the spleen is important in regulating secondary antibody
      response and in certain aspects of cell-mediated immunity. However, the role of
      the spleen in these events in the human remains to be defined.

PMID- 397781
TI  - Portrait of an Eskimo tribal health doctor.

PMID- 397782
TI  - A lab-clinical study of reinforced acrylic composite. I.

PMID- 397783
TI  - Activity of volatile oils against oral lactobacilli.

PMID- 397784
TI  - Evaluation of the use of proteolytic enzymes on healing process of jaw fractures.
      (Experimental study on albino rats).

PMID- 397785
TI  - The human gingiva in disease. (Histopathologic examination of the specimens).

PMID- 397786
TI  - Comparative evaluation of the retentive force in complete dentures as regards
      different impression materials and different separating media.

PMID- 397788
TI  - [In memoriam Renato Lochi].

PMID- 397787
TI  - [Pathological components of pulmonary sarcoidosis].

PMID- 397789
TI  - Numerical evaluation of cytologic data. I. Description of profiles.
AB  - Results of cytologic studies are often presented as graphs, distribution curves
      or profiles. Further analysis of such data requires description of the profiles
      in numerical form. This article describes the use of moments about the mean,
      decomposition into Gaussian components and calculation of Fourier coefficients
      for the characterization of cytologic data profiles. Fully worked numerical
      examples suitable for execution on a pocket calculator are given.

PMID- 397790
TI  - A pattern classification system for automated cervical cytologic screening based
      on flow microfluorometric analysis.
AB  - A data analytic technique is described for use in automated cervical cytology.
      The method entails the application of a two-dimensional Fourier transform to
      histogram data obtained by flow microfluorometry and the subsequent use of the
      Fourier coefficients as parameters for pattern classification. Analyses were
      performed on 186 samples including material from 62 positive and 124 negative
      cases. Cell suspensions were stained with propidium iodide and fluorescein
      isothiocyanate, and red and green cytofluoresence were measured simultaneously.
      The two-dimensional histogram data were normalized, the Fourier transform was
      applied, and a multivariate classifier based on 30 coefficients was assembled
      using a training set of half the original series. Performance was then assessed
      on the remaining cases. Overall accuracy was 79.6%, with a false-positive rate of
      14.8% and a false-negative rate of 31.2%. The potential applicability of this
      approach as the basis of a practical screening system is discussed.

PMID- 397791
TI  - [Evolution of Brazilian policy in regard to psychiatric care and mental health].

PMID- 397792
TI  - [Comparison between seven methods of sampling of cutaneous flora. I. Normal flora
      study (author's transl)].

PMID- 397794
TI  - Platysma muscle in rhytidoplasty.
AB  - Surgical alteration of the platysma muscle improves the results of cervicofacial
      rhytidoplasty. The operative technique indicated for an individual patient is
      determined, in part, by the anatomy of the platysma deformity. Many questions
      regarding the late results of platysma muscle surgery can only be answered by
      long-term follow-up. This paper presents the results in 75 patients who had
      platysma muscle flap cervicofacial rhytidoplasty. The 8 most common platysma
      deformities are discussed. Undesirable results and pitfalls in technique are
      noted.

PMID- 397793
TI  - Scrotal reconstruction in Fournier syndrome.
AB  - The extent of the scrotal defect following debridement of Fournier gangrene
      ranges from relatively small areas of scrotal loss to complete denudation of the
      testes and cords. In our experience, denudation of the testis alone is best
      treated by split-thickness mesh grafts and total denudation of the testis and
      cord by burial of the testicle in a subcutaneous medial thigh pocket. Three cases
      are presented illustrating the spectrum of methods that can be used either singly
      or in combination to repair scrotal defects in Fournier gangrene.

PMID- 397795
TI  - Experience with the Fasanella-Servat operation for ptosis of the upper eyelid.
AB  - A quick, simple, and reliable operation for the correction of mild to moderate
      ptosis in the presence of fair to good levator function was described by
      Fasanella and Servat nearly two decades ago. This operation consists of resection
      of the conjunctiva, tarsus, and muller's muscle using a conjunctival approach. We
      have performed this operation in 39 patients with good to excellent results in
      38. Our criteria and experience are described.

PMID- 397796
TI  - Treatment of small external cancers of the nose.
AB  - There are various ways to remove and repair defects on the nose. When dealing
      with small basal cell or squamous cell carcinomas, the authors have been
      utilizing either skin grafts alone or composite skin-cartilage grafts from the
      ear. We believe that these procedures are simpler for the doctor and easier on
      the patient, with aesthetically pleasing results.

PMID- 397797
TI  - Use of a craniotome for obtaining cancellous bone and marrow from the ilium.
AB  - The ilium is a rich source of cancellous bone and marrow for grafting. Grafts can
      be harvested very rapidly with a standard craniotome. The clutch mechanism
      prevents inadvertent soft tissue injury if both cortical plates are perforated.
      The surgical approach is similar to that used in other techniques. No
      complications have been encountered.

PMID- 397799
TI  - Insulin test after selective gastric and truncal vagotomy. Test response and acid
      secretion in the early and late postoperative phase.
AB  - Altogether 540 succesful insulin tests were performed on 377 patients after
      vagotomy, on 316 patients less than three months after the operation (early
      phase) and on 182 patients between three months and nine years after (late
      phase). The proportion of positive insulin test responses after vagotomy and
      antral resection was similar in the selective gastric (SV) and truncal vagotomy
      (TV) groups (10.7% and 11.8% respectively in the early phase) and remained the
      same during follow-up (12.5% and 9.3% in the late phase). In the vagotomy and
      drainage group there were significantly fewer positive test responses in the
      early phase after SV (15.6%) than after TV (36.4%), but in the late phase the
      incidence was similar (56.7% and 55.6%). There was a significant rise in the
      number of positive responses after SV and drainage during follow-up (from 15.6%
      to 56.7%). Insulin-stimulated peak acid output (I-PAO) was about the same in the
      vagotomy and drainage group after SV and TV (3.52 and 5.03 mmol/h in the early
      phase and 4.20 and 4.93 mmol/h in the late phase). Although the number of
      Hollander positive insulin tests after vagotomy and drainage increased during
      follow-up, no corresponding changes were seen in I-PAO. There was no evidence of
      vagal reinnervation.

PMID- 397798
TI  - [Plastic correction of retraction of the web of the thumb].

PMID- 397800
TI  - Erythromycin levels in serum during treatment with erythromycin stearate and
      base.
AB  - The serum concentrations of erythromycin during treatment with erythromycin
      stearate and erythromycin base were compared in a randomised cross-over study
      with 21 hospital patients. No statistically significant differences between the
      brands were found in the serum erythromycin levels at any time or in the areas
      under the serum level-time curve.

PMID- 397801
TI  - Current status of retrolental fibroplasia. The retinopathy of prematurity.

PMID- 397802
TI  - The use of ultrasound in obstetrics.

PMID- 397803
TI  - [Low molecular weight heparin and high and low molecular weight urokinase in
      fibrinolysis in vivo].

PMID- 397804
TI  - [Heparin and urokinase interactions in the fibrinolytic system].

PMID- 397805
TI  - [Various aspects of the platelets-urokinase interaction].

PMID- 397806
TI  - [Fasciola hepatica distomatosis in Maghreb. 2 new Algerian cases].
AB  - A bibliographic survey is made of the cases of fasciolasis in Maghreb, and it can
      be concluded that: The notion of "epidemy", or better, of simultaneous cases,
      brought to the diagnosis evocation, to explorations by I.D.R. and to early
      treatment, before the excretion of eggs. Due to drug-efficiency, the coprological
      proof of the disease was generally missing in the old "epidemies" of the Maghreb.
      Isolated cases, in contrast, where the fasciolasic etiology was not evocated,
      could follow natural evolution and the proof by egg or adult discovery was
      possible in more than half the cases. Progress in immunology of fasciolasis made
      possible the diagnosis of less than 10 nw cases in Tunisia and Marocco. The
      authors report 2 new cases from the Constantine region (Algeria). The repartition
      of the ascertained cases and the possible ones is shown on a map.

PMID- 397807
TI  - Detection of antibody responses to natural influenza infection or vaccination by
      single radial haemolysis test.

PMID- 397809
TI  - [Extrahepatic cholestasis, with choledochal obstruction due to histiocytic
      lymphoma].

PMID- 397808
TI  - Lysogeny of group A streptococci isolated from patients and carriers.

PMID- 397810
TI  - [Hygroscopic and thermal setting expansion of 3 phosphate bonded investments. I.
      Free expansion of investments (hygroscopic and thermal setting)].

PMID- 397811
TI  - [Evaluation of eventual influence of benzydamine (hydrochloride of 1-benzyl-3-[3
      dimethylaminopropoxy]1-H-indazole) on hematologic values and autohemostatic
      factors in dentistry. II].

PMID- 397812
TI  - [Factors which regulate indications and contra-indications of fixed prostheses.
      IV].

PMID- 397814
TI  - [Hygroscopic and thermal setting expansion of 3 phosphate bonded investments. II.
      Evaluation of investment expansion through casting].

PMID- 397813
TI  - [Marginal microinfiltration in Class II amalgam and composite resin restorations,
      with or without pins, submitted to thermal cycles].

PMID- 397815
TI  - [New technics in biomechanical preparation: scaled and incremental biomechanical
      preparation-II].

PMID- 397816
TI  - [Repair process of periodontal tissue after surgery, with the wound protected or
      not protected by surgical cement. Histological study dogs].

PMID- 397817
TI  - [Painful dysfunction of temporomandibular joint. Technic of conservative meniscus
      athroplasty. Comparative study with the meniscectomy].

PMID- 397818
TI  - [Foundation of autohemostasis].

PMID- 397819
TI  - [Morphological and comparative study of the rat's subcutaneous connective tissue
      upon implanting of the powder and liquid components of some surgical cements].

PMID- 397821
TI  - [Pathological potential of bacterial plaque. Review].

PMID- 397822
TI  - [Effects of biomechanics and of dressings with calcium hydroxide, 1%
      paramonochlorophenol or a combination of both on reduction of microbial flora of
      infected root canals].

PMID- 397823
TI  - [Participation of the complement system in periodontal disease. (Literature
      review)].

PMID- 397820
TI  - [Roughness of the dentin surface subjected to the action of different endodontic
      files used dry and with the help of chemical substances].

PMID- 397824
TI  - [The use of the chemical agents Chlorohex emulsion and Chlorohex alcohol solution
      for disinfection of dental rubber dams, as an integral part of the absolute
      isolation of the surgical field, tested in the presence of diverse
      microorganisms].

PMID- 397825
TI  - [Histocytologic correlation of oral cavity lesions].

PMID- 397826
TI  - [White sponge nevus of the mouth mucosa].

PMID- 397827
TI  - Anterior crowns and gingival health.
AB  - Clinical examination was made of 101 aluminous porcelain jacket crowns and 88
      porcelain bonded to metal crowns. Overcontouring of the crowns appeared to be
      less important in causing gingivitis than the location of margins, marginal
      defects, and unglazed surfaces. Laboratory studies showed a marginal gap of 154
      +/- 90 micron in the fit of porcelain jacket crowns on brass dies. Retention of
      plaque on well-glazed surfaces could not be detected and polished gold showed no
      plaque formation except along some marginal defects.

PMID- 397828
TI  - Cicatricial pemphigoid: a review of eleven cases.
AB  - Eleven cases of cicatricial pemphigoid are presented. The clinical,
      histopathological and immunopathological features of the disease as well as
      present methods of treatment and dental management are also discussed.

PMID- 397829
TI  - A supplemental test system to measure competitive exclusion of Salmonellae by
      native microflora in the chicken gut.
AB  - An improved individual challenge test system is described for evaluation of
      competititve exclusion of salmonellae in day-old chicks by native gut microflora.
      Evaluation of salmonella protection is based on culture of cloacal and fecal
      samples by enrichment methods plus enumeration of salmonellae in fresh droppings
      collected from test groups. The use of a nalidixic-acid-resistant strain of
      salmonella allowed for ease of measurement. Comparative data are included that
      were developed by parallel tests by the seeder bird and this individual challenge
      test system on salmonella protection provided by microflora from a specific
      pathogen-free population and from intestinal microflora propagated anaerobically
      in several media. The individual-bird challenge test system appeared to yield a
      more precise measurement of protection than the seeder-bird system and indicated
      that trypticase soy broth is as effective as VL broth for anaerobic culture of
      the protective microflora. Fresh fecal suspensions were somewhat more dependable
      than anaerobic cultures in providing a high level of protection against
      subsequent salmonella infection.

PMID- 397830
TI  - [Dr. Wolf-Helmut Wagner on his 65th birthday].

PMID- 397831
TI  - [Plasma renin activity (PRA) after exertion and after exercise in hyperthermia].

PMID- 397833
TI  - [Multifactorial analysis of some "risk factors" of hypertensive cardiopathy
      (preliminary results)].

PMID- 397832
TI  - [Further study of the behavior of plasma renin activity (PRA) after stimulation
      of the carotid sinus].

PMID- 397834
TI  - [Action of increasing doses of DL-propranolol on behavior of arterial pressure
      and plasma renin activity (PRA)].

PMID- 397835
TI  - Estimation of state and amount of phenylalanine residues in proteins by second
      derivative spectrophotometry.
AB  - The second derivative absorption spectra of serum albumin, insulin, ribonuclease
      and lysozyme were measured under various conditions to determine the state and
      amount of their phenylalanine residues. The second derivative spectra of these
      proteins were very similar to that of phenylalanine in the region between 245 and
      270 nm where tryptophan and tyrosine residues caused no appreciable interference.
      Denaturation of proteins with urea or guanidine hydrochloride caused decrease in
      the intensity of the second derivative spectra, but scarcely affected the
      positions of peaks and troughs. The amounts of phenylalanine residues in proteins
      calculated from a second derivative spectra of denatured proteins coincided well
      with those reported in the literature. The states of the phenylalanine residues
      in the proteins could be deduced from the change in optical intensity on
      denaturation.

PMID- 397837
TI  - [Synthesis of globin mRNA in cultured murine erythroleukemic cells, transformed
      by Rauscher leukemia virus].
AB  - In contrast to cultured erythroleukemic cells transformed by Friend leukemia
      virus, in the cultured erythroleukemic murine cells transformed by Rauscher
      leukemia virus, the synthesis of haemoglobin cannot be induced after treatment
      with 1--2% dimethylsulfoxide, actinomycin D and proteolytic enzymes. Study of
      disturbances in the haemoglobin synthesis in this cell culture revealed that
      globin 9S-mRNA is either absent or present in negligible amounts in the culture.
      The data obtained suggest that the disturbances in haemoglobin synthesis occur at
      the level of transcription or processing of globin mRNA, rather than at the level
      of translation.

PMID- 397836
TI  - [Mechanisms of aliphatic alcohols oxidation by enzymatic systems of the liver].
AB  - The main pathways of aliphatic alcohols oxidation in human and mammalian liver,
      i.e. dehydration of alcohols by cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenases and oxidation in
      the presence of microsomal enzymatic system, catalase and hydrogen peroxide are
      described. A special emphasis is laid upon the interaction of alcohols with
      terminal oxidase of the microsomal hydroxylating system, i.e. cytochrome P-450.
      The relative role of these three oxidative pathways in alcohol conversions is
      evaluated.

PMID- 397838
TI  - Heart rate and finger pulse amplitude during muscular relaxation with frontalis
      versus forearm EMG feedback.
AB  - Twenty-nine volunteers participated in a one-session experiment consisting of 10
      min rest followed by a 30 min treatment period. Brief relaxation instructions
      were given at the beginning of the rest period. The treatment was either
      frontalis EMG feedback, forearm EMG feedback, or non-contingent stimulation. The
      two feedback groups showed EMG decreases in their respective target muscles
      during the no-feedback rest period, with no further decrease during feedback
      training, indicating that feedback was no more effective than relaxation
      instructions. Heart rate decreased significantly in both feedback groups. Finger
      pulse amplitude decreased significantly in the forearm feedback group. It is
      pointed out that the latter change does not necessarily indicate peripheral
      vasoconstriction, but may be due to a fall in pulse pressure as a consequence of
      increased blood flow to the relaxing muscles. The results are unsupportive of the
      assumption that frontalis relaxation is particularly effective in inducing a
      generalized relaxation.

PMID- 397839
TI  - Americanism versus sovietism: a study of the reaction to the committee on the
      costs of medical care.

PMID- 397840
TI  - Epidemics and medicine: the influence of disease on medical thought and practice.

PMID- 397841
TI  - History of trichinosis: Paget, Owends and the discovery of Trichinella spiralis.

PMID- 397842
TI  - "Build! build!" the controversy over the care of the chronically insane in
      England, 1855-1870.

PMID- 397843
TI  - Francesco Redi and the fly experiments.

PMID- 397844
TI  - Ophthalmologic research in pre-world war I Russia.

PMID- 397845
TI  - A note on the history of medicine, and a debate on Parnassus.

PMID- 397846
TI  - [The death of Prof. A. Weiss, honorary foreign member].

PMID- 397847
TI  - [Academic eulogy for Prof. G. Mayer, honorary foreign member].

PMID- 397848
TI  - Pathophysiological and behavioural effects of the transplacental transfer of
      narcotic drugs to the foetuses and neonates of narcotic-dependent mothers.

PMID- 397849
TI  - [Effect of cold and orthostatism on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in
      children (author's transl)].

PMID- 397850
TI  - [Dr. Jozef Pec--60 years old].

PMID- 397851
TI  - [Electromyographic study of walking and automatic function of the musculature in
      orthopedics].

PMID- 397852
TI  - Better occlusion and adaptation of dentures--a simple technique.

PMID- 397854
TI  - Mandibular all-metal distal extension removable partial denture.

PMID- 397853
TI  - Some practical ideas on occlusal rests for partial dentures.

PMID- 397855
TI  - Successful prosthodontics for the general dentist. Part 1. Diagnosis, prognosis,
      case presentation, tissue management and preliminary impressions.

PMID- 397856
TI  - Successful prosthodontics for the general dentist. Part 2. Final impressions.

PMID- 397857
TI  - Successful prosthodontics for the general dentist. Third of a series. Boxing the
      impressions.

PMID- 397858
TI  - An alternative to conventional topical fluoride vehicles.

PMID- 397859
TI  - An alternative method for isolating homozygotes of autosomal translocations in
      the mosquito Culex tarsalis.
AB  - An alternative pseudolinkage procedure for isolating homozygotes of autosomal
      translocations has been developed with the mosquito Culex tarsalis (Coquillet).
      The first step was to induce a translocation heterozygote in a population that
      was marked with recessive mutants. Interbred translocation heterozygotes produced
      translocation homozygotes that were phenotypically different from their
      translocation heterozygote and normal siblings. Thus, a translocation homozygote
      line of this species was selected and established in shorter time and with less
      effort than by prior pseudolinkage procedure.

PMID- 397860
TI  - The hypertensive patient: is treatment beneficial?

PMID- 397862
TI  - A Canadian asbestos counting trial.

PMID- 397861
TI  - The health care crisis in historical perspective.

PMID- 397863
TI  - [70th birthday of Dr. Milos Melichar].

PMID- 397864
TI  - [Franz Kostl and his epidemiologically-oriented work (author's transl)].

PMID- 397866
TI  - [Guiding device for anterior segment surgery using sights adapted to the
      microscope].

PMID- 397865
TI  - [Postoperative hypergastrinemia].
AB  - After reviewing the more recent acquisitions on the physiology and
      pathophysiology of gastrin, the authors concentrate on situations of
      hypergastrinemia, which they divide into a hyperhydrochloric and a
      hypohydrochloric variety. Among the former, which they subdivide into
      preoperative and postoperative, the authors discuss problems of differential
      diagnosis versus peptic ulcers in patients so afflicted. To that end they propose
      diagnostic policies comprising among other instrumental and laboratory tests the
      study of gastric secretion, blood gastrin levels in basal conditions and after
      stimulation by a protein meal, BBS, secretin, and calcium. From analysis of the
      results of such tests they were able to find a precise nosographic placement for
      postoperative hypergastrinemia, and from there they arrived at surgical programs
      aiming to correct postoperative peptic ulcers on the basis of their etiology and
      pathogenesis.

PMID- 397867
TI  - [Effect of pregnancy on diabetic retinopathy. Apropos of 23 cases].

PMID- 397868
TI  - [Intraocular lens implants].

PMID- 397869
TI  - [Reactive hypoglycemia in chemical diabetes: continuous monitoring of blood
      sugar, insulinemia and growth hormone].

PMID- 397870
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the use of a chronopluricorticoid in the therapy of
      active chronic hepatitis].

PMID- 397872
TI  - [Aggravating symptoms and side-effects caused by cortisone and its derivatives].

PMID- 397871
TI  - [Interference of clofibrate in metabolic compensation in dyslipidemic diabetics].

PMID- 397873
TI  - [Diabetic gastroenteropathy. Aspects and therapeutic notes].

PMID- 397874
TI  - Standard procedures for sampling--a pathologist's prospective view.

PMID- 397876
TI  - The fiftieth anniversary of the Czechoslovak Society of Cardiology.

PMID- 397877
TI  - [Chemotaxis of blood monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from patients
      with diabetes mellitus].
AB  - The chemotaxis of blood monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes was measured
      in 20 adult patients with diabetes mellitus and 11 normal control subjects. In
      experiments dealing with monocytes, the diabetics had a chemotaxis value (125+/
      10) significantly lower than that of controls (368+/-22); the polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes chemotaxis value of diabetics (468+/-31) was also lower than normal
      (1256+/-62). Adding insulin (10 unit/1000 cc) to the diabetes leukocytes
      suspension significantly increased the value of chemotaxis.

PMID- 397875
TI  - Cholesterol, clofibrate and ischaemic heart disease. Facts and emotions around.

PMID- 397878
TI  - Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among inhabitants of Tan-nan
      village, Nantou County, Taiwan.
AB  - The pork infected with cysticerci was sent to our laboratory in June 1971.
      Microscopic examination revealed the infection of Cysticercus cellulosae.
      Subsequently, the source of the pork was traced, and the survey of intestinal
      parasitism was carried out among inhabitants at Tan-nan village, Hsin-I District,
      Nantou County, Taiwan, in August 1973. Results obtained only indicated the
      presence rather than endemic of taeniasis solium in this village. The parasites
      and infection rates found in the present study from 417 individuals by means of
      direct smear and formalin-ether sedimentation technic of stool specimens are as
      follows: Ascaris lumbricoides (81.3%), hookworm (30.9%), Trichuris trichiura
      (73.6%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.5%), Clonorchis sinensis (2.9%),
      Hymenolepis diminuta (0.7%), Taenia solium (0.2%), Taenia saginata (0.2%),
      Entamoeba histolytica (3.1%), Entamoeba coli (8.4%), Endolimax nana (2.6%), and
      Giardia lamblia (4.3%).

PMID- 397879
TI  - [Enzyme-linked assay for detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397881
TI  - [Treatment with natamycin a fungicidal antimycotic in enzootic trichophyton
      infections of cattle (author's transl)].

PMID- 397882
TI  - [Negative influences of endogenous and exogenous factors on the early puerperium
      in cattle (author's transl)].

PMID- 397883
TI  - [Blood urea concentration and hematocrit in calf diarrhea--diagnostic and
      prognostic value (author's transl)].

PMID- 397880
TI  - [Results of a systematic study of hemolytic streptococci (alpha and beta) in
      pregnant women and newborn infants in Dakar].

PMID- 397884
TI  - [The twin capacity of the uterus in heifers and cows (author's transl)].

PMID- 397885
TI  - [Double blind study on the effectiveness of an additional therapy with Tomanol in
      acute mastitis of cattle (author's transl)].

PMID- 397886
TI  - [Experimental studies on fertilization of extracorporal matured oocytes of cattle
      in heterologous recipients (author's transl)].

PMID- 397887
TI  - [Forensic reflections on the manual removal of the corpus luteum in cows with
      regard to the alternative of medicating prostaglandins (author's transl)].

PMID- 397888
TI  - [A contribution to the knowledge of pathologic tumors at the larynx and their
      operational removal in cattle (author's transl)].

PMID- 397889
TI  - [Left abomasal displacement. Occurrence in Denmark (author's transl)].

PMID- 397890
TI  - [Clinical picture of the bovine cutaneous papillomatosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 397891
TI  - [Treatment of psoroptic mange in cattle and sheep with the phosphoric acid ester
      Phoxim (author's transl)].

PMID- 397892
TI  - [Embryotransfer in cattle at the animal clinic "San Francesco" (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397893
TI  - Mutagenicity studies on urine concentrates from female users of dark hair color
      products.
AB  - Urines from women, collected before and after hair dyeing, were evaluated for
      mutagenic activity in the Ames Salmonella-Microsome Test. Thirty (30) sets of
      samples were tested as concentrates following removal of histidine on an XAD-2
      resin column. None of the samples taken following the use of various Clairol
      products containing high levels of dyes gave any indication of increased
      mutagenic activity when compared to samples taken before hair dyeing. These
      results indicate that the use of hair dyes does not result in exposure of the
      urinary system to mutagens detectable in a sensitive microbial system, and thus
      suggest the absence of significant biological effects among users of hair dyes
      and persons occupationally exposed.

PMID- 397894
TI  - [Endocrine and exocrine functional disorders in pancreatic diabetes].
AB  - In diabetic diseases of pancreatic origin we find three typical patterns of
      insulin secretion. The different insulin secretion allows a clear distinction of
      a diabetes of the maturity onset type and of the juvenile onset type type on the
      one hand and of a diabetes caused by a pancreatitis on the other hand. In a
      pancreatitis we see the expected reduction of the exocrine function. In the so
      called maturity onset diabetes a slight reduction of excretory functions could be
      seen. These results suggest that in maturity onset diabetes only a selective
      defect of the beta-cells exists, while in juvenile onset diabetes a destruction
      or reduction of beta-cells but an intact excretory function may be assumed.

PMID- 397895
TI  - [Changes in the metallic phase at the metal-ceramic margin of baked alloys of
      nonprecious metals].
AB  - Five base metal alloys were investigated to determine if phase changes in the
      alloy microstructure occurred as a result of the porcelain baking procedure. It
      was found that during the oxidation treatments concentration changes in the alloy
      surface led to a depletion of certain elements in four of the alloys
      investigated. It was also found that phase changes could occur in a region 20
      micrometers wide next to the alloy surface. Phase changes and alloying element
      depletion occurs as a result of the oxidation treatments prior to the fusion of
      porcelain and not as a result of or during porcelain fusion.

PMID- 397896
TI  - [What you do not want to be done to yourself... a dentist's experience as a
      patient].

PMID- 397897
TI  - Effect of paraquat on plasma enzymes, insulin, glucose, and liver glycogen in the
      rat.

PMID- 397898
TI  - Unresponsiveness to hypoglycemia of centers controlling epinephrine release in
      cerebral infarct patients.
AB  - Urinary excretion of catecholamines under insulin hypoglycemia was studied in
      cerebral infarct patients as well as in patients with Parkinson's disease and
      subjects with lumbar discopathy (control group). While in the last two categories
      of subjects a normal response to hypoglycemia, i.e., an increase in urinary
      excretion of epinephrine was noticed, no such increase was found in patients with
      cerebral infarction. The disorder is attributed to the unresponsiveness to
      hypoglycemia of the brain stem centers controlling epinephrine secretion.

PMID- 397899
TI  - [Caloric studies of bacterial growth].

PMID- 397900
TI  - [Common oral bacteria as the causative agent in periodontal diseases-
      immunological studies].

PMID- 397901
TI  - [Adhesion of the tooth to restoration materials].

PMID- 397902
TI  - [Characteristics of enamel etching technic and the care in its application].

PMID- 397903
TI  - [Satisfactory adhesion to the tooth--use of bonding materials].

PMID- 397904
TI  - [Characteristics of direct bonding technic and care in its application].

PMID- 397905
TI  - [Bonding with EBA cement and resin cement].

PMID- 397906
TI  - [Application of a partial denture base using the mandibular incisor as the anchor
      tooth in a partially edentulous case].

PMID- 397907
TI  - [Heparin in diffuse scleroderma (author's transl)].

PMID- 397908
TI  - [Basophilic granulocytes in allergic contact dermatitis].

PMID- 397909
TI  - [Changes of the lipid pattern and the insulin/glucagon ratio after a high-protein
      meal in normal and diabetic subjects].

PMID- 397910
TI  - [Goethe's personal testimony on his work with "organic creatures". II. Letters
      (1776-1817)].
AB  - Once more following the Sophien-Ausgabe of Weimar, Author gives an extract from
      GOETHE's Letters to literati, scientists, and princes of his time, concerning
      notices on his employment about sciences without botany. The GOETHE's own words
      reflect his engagement better than any description from a second hand. Anatomists
      may take an especial interest in the letters No 1903 to HERDER and No 1904 to
      CHARLOTTE v. STEIN (both dated the March 27, 1784) which demonstrate the
      discoverer's mirth in finding out the human os intermaxillare.

PMID- 397911
TI  - [The structure of the gastric mucosa of the llamas (Lama guanocoe and Lama
      lamae). I. Forestomach].
AB  - The mucous membrane of the first and second compartments (ventral regions) as
      well as of the third compartment of Lama guanacoe and Lama lamae stomach shows
      tubular glands opening into pits. Below the surface epithelium blood capillaries
      of the fenestrated type form a regular network, each mesh of which surrounds a
      gastric pit. From a morphological point of view (thin section and freeze-fracture
      replicas) the columnar cells of the surface epithelium and those of the pits
      closest to the capillaries are largely similar to the epithelial cells of the
      rabbit gallbladder. This similarity suggests that at the level of the columnar
      cells sodium-dependent water reabsorption occurs. This reabsorption has already
      been demonstrated in the abovementioned compartments by physiological methods.
      The surface and foveolae epithelial cells as well as some cells of the tubular
      glands have a secretory function. Their secretory granules contain
      mucosubstances, as indicated by light-(PAS- and Alcian blue reactions) and
      electron microscopic (PA-TCH-Ag-reaction) histochemistry. The secretory granules
      originate from the Golgi complex which shows a positive histochemical reaction in
      its innermost sacculi at the electron microscope level. Endocrine cells (s.
      second part of this investigation) are rare. The mucosal membrane of each
      muscular lip separating the glandular sacs in the first compartment shows a
      stratified, not keratinized, squamous epithelium.

PMID- 397912
TI  - [Postnatal skull growth in the domestic mouse (Mus musculus) Linne 1758 and in 2
      large subspecies of the fieldmouse (Microtus arvalis) Pallas 1779. III. Results
      (II), discussion, summary and bibliography].

PMID- 397913
TI  - A suppressor of mating-type locus mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: evidence
      for and identification of cryptic mating-type loci.
AB  - A mutation has been identified that suppresses the mating and sporulation defects
      of all mutations in the mating-type loci of S. cerevisiae. This suppressor, sir1
      1, restores mating ability to mat alpha 1 and mat alpha 2 mutants and restores
      sporulation ability to mat alpha 2 and mata1 mutants. MATa sir1-1 strains exhibit
      a polar budding pattern and have reduced sensitivity to alpha-factor, both
      properties of a/alpha diploids. Furthermore, sir1-1 allows MATa/MATa, mat alpha
      1/mat alpha/, and MAT alpha/MAT alpha strains to sporulate efficiently. All
      actions of sir1-1 are recessive to SIR1. The ability of sir1-1 to supply all
      functions necessary for mating and sporulation and its effects in a cells are
      explained by proposing that sir1-1 allows expression of mating type loci which
      are ordinarily not expressed. The ability of sir1-1 to suppress the mat alpha 1-5
      mutation is dependent on the HMa gene, previously identified as required for
      switching of mating types from a to alpha. Thus, as predicted by the cassette
      model, HMa is functionally equivalent to MAT alpha since it supplies functions of
      MAT alpha. We propose that sir1-1 is defective in a function. Sir ("Silent
      information regulator"), whose role may be to regulate expression of HMa and HM
      alpha.

PMID- 397914
TI  - In memoriam Boris Theodore Sokoloff 1889-1979.

PMID- 397915
TI  - Mutagenicity of Chinese alcoholic spirits.

PMID- 397916
TI  - Vinyl chloride--Part 3: Macromolecular binding.

PMID- 397917
TI  - The incidence, significance and prognosis of arrhythmias in acute myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - Concepts of the incidence, significance and prognosis of almost all cardiac
      arrhythmias during acute myocardial infarction have changed greatly in the last
      15 years. In some cities facilities are available to reach patients in the very
      earliest phases of ischaemia or infarction. As previously suspected but now
      confirmed, ventricular fibrillation occurs commonly at this time and depending on
      whether ischaemia or infarction is the basis of its occurrence, has a variable
      long-term prognosis. In the coronary care unit ventricular arrhythmias are more
      frequent than was originally believed and current research suggests that they
      have little if any predictive value in defining individuals who would develop
      ventricular fibrillation. Such events, however, appear related to the severity of
      myocardial or coronary artery disease. Similarly, asystole and heart block in
      acute myocardial infarction are important causes of mortality through their
      association with severe underlying disease. Other cardiac arrhythmias are not
      infrequent in acute myocardial infarction. They may carry an immediate prognostic
      implication for the patient but rarely have long-term implications. Autonomic
      nervous system disturbances may underlie many arrhythmias occurring particularly
      in the earliest phases of infarction.

PMID- 397918
TI  - The effect of the antiestrogen CI-628 on androgen-induced aggressive behavior in
      castrated male mice.

PMID- 397919
TI  - Antigen and T lymphocyte mediated suppression of myeloma cells: model systems for
      regulation of lymphocyte function.

PMID- 397920
TI  - Transformation of immature lymphoid cells by Abelson murine leukemia virus.

PMID- 397921
TI  - Proinsulin and insulin profile in acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 397922
TI  - Detection of circulating filarial antigen in bancroftian filariasis.

PMID- 397923
TI  - Chronic suppurative otitis media in children.

PMID- 397924
TI  - Immunological basis in the aetiology of rheumatic fever (a review).

PMID- 397925
TI  - Serum haptoglobins in childhood malaria.

PMID- 397926
TI  - Prostaglandin regulation of colony-stimulating factor production by
      lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine leukocytes.
AB  - The production of colony-stimulating factor by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated
      murine peritoneal leukocytes and their adherent subpopulations (greater than 80%
      macrophages) was markedly enhanced by indomethacin at concentrations sufficient
      to block prostaglandin E synthesis. Addition of physiological concentrations of E
      series prostaglandins reversed this enhancing effect of indomethacin in a dose
      dependent manner. These results indicate that colony-stimulating factor
      production by stimulated leukocytes is regulated by E-series prostaglandins and
      suggest that prostaglandins function to limit myelopoiesis by inhibiting colony
      stimulating factor production and concomitantly the induction of cell
      proliferation.

PMID- 397927
TI  - Chemotaxigenesis and activation of the alternative complement pathway by
      encapsulated and non-encapsulated Cryptococcus neoformans.
AB  - In the presence of serum, whole cells of encapsulated and non-encapsulated
      Cryptococcus neoformans generated a chemotactic response by neutrophils. Heat
      inactivation of serum ablated all chemotactic activity. Cryptococcal
      polysaccharide was not chemotaxigenic. Assays for alternative complement pathway
      activation such as depletion of alternative complement pathway factor B or
      electrophoretic conversion of factor B closely paralleled chemotaxis assays.
      Cells of encapsulated and non-encapsulated C. neoformans activated the
      alternative complement pathway, whereas cryptococcal polysaccharide was inactive.
      Failure of the capsular material to activate the alternative pathway was not due
      to serotype specificity because polysaccharide of several serotypes failed to
      achieve activation. The results suggest that chemotaxigenesis and alternative
      complement pathway activation are functions of the yeast cell wall. The results
      support our proposal that the cryptococcal capsul does not prevent potential
      opsonins from reaching binding and activation sites at the yeast cell wall or the
      release of biologically active soluble cleavage products into the surrounding
      medium; however, cell wall-bound cleavage products remain bound to the cell wall
      beneath the capsule. Therefore, they are unable to participate as opsonins in
      phagocytosis.

PMID- 397928
TI  - Immune response modulation by colonization of germfree rats with
      Propionibacterium acnes.
AB  - Propionibacterium acnes (oral and/or parenteral administration) had a modulating
      effect on antibody-and cell-mediated immune responses of germfree (GF) and
      monoassociated (MA) rats. In conventionally reared rodents, parenteral injection
      of killed P. acnes stimulated the splenic plaque-forming cell response to sheep
      erythrocytes. However, in GF rats and in rats monoassociated with viable P.
      acnes, parenteral injection of killed P. acnes antigen inhibited the plaque
      forming cell response to sheep erythrocytes. When compared with the responses of
      GF control rats, splenocytes from GF rats parenterally injected with P. acnes
      antigen had a decreased in vitro blastogenic response to phytohemagglutinin and
      concanavalin A and  an increased blastogenic response to homologous bacterial
      antigens. Conversely, a parenteral injection of P. acnes antigen into P. acnes MA
      rats resulted in an increased splenocyte blastogenic response to
      phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A but not to homologous (P. acnes) antigens.
      Thus the presence or absence of intestinal antigenic stimuli (in MA and GF rats)
      had a modulating effect on the immune response to a parenteral injection of P.
      acnes antigen.

PMID- 397929
TI  - Longitudinal investigation of the role of Streptococcus mutans in human fissure
      decay.
AB  - A prospective study was initiated in order to detect changes in the levels and
      proportions of Streptococcus mutans, S. sanguis, and lactobacilli before and at
      the time of caries development on occlusal fissures. The bacteriological analysis
      was performed on 195 teeth that received four examinations at approximately 6
      month intervals. The data obtained from 42 carious fissures and 153 caries-free
      fissures strongly indicated an etiological role for S. mutans in most of the
      diagnosed fissure lesions. This was demonstrated by the longitudinal analysis,
      which showed the proportions of S. mutans to increase significantly at the time
      of caries diagnosis, and by cross-sectional comparisons, which showed that the
      proportions of S. mutans in the carious fissures were significantly higher than
      in caries-free fissures. Three subjects who had a low caries expereince developed
      five new carious lesions. Lactobacilli were prominent members of the caries
      associated flora in these subjects greatly outnumbering S. mutans. The levels and
      proportions of S. sanguis tended to be higher in the caries-free fissures.
      Altho1gh the results are striking in that they implicate S. mutans in fissure
      decay, they show that clinical decay can occur in a few instances in the absence
      of detectable S. mutans, as was observed in the fissures high in lactobacilli.

PMID- 397930
TI  - Comparison of techniques for primary isolation of respiratory Mycoplasma pulmonis
      from rats.
AB  - Studies were performed to determine the optimal sites for primary isolation of
      Mycoplasma pulmonis from the respiratory system of laboratory rats. In a
      preliminary study, a group of 42 rats was cultured for respiratory M. pulmonis at
      several sites. Tracheal washes yielded the highest number of positive cultures
      (61.9%) and ground lung tissue yielded the lowest (19.0%), with the
      nasopharyngeal culture in the middle (52.38%). In a subsequent study, the
      tracheal wash was again the optimal method since 76.7% of 103 rats were positive
      for M. pulmonis, whereas culture of the nasopharyngeal area resulted in 53.9%
      positive cultures. In a third study, all 45 rats were positive for M. pulmonis
      when the tracheal wash method was used, whereas only 51% were positive when the
      nasopharyngeal area was cultured, indicating that the tracheal wash was the most
      reliable of the commonly used procedures. Other aspects of these experiments
      demonstrated the tympanic cavity of animals with otitis media to be an excellent
      source for obtaining material to culture for M. pulmonis.

PMID- 397932
TI  - Pathogenesis of K virus infection in newborn mice.
AB  - Newborn mice were inoculated with a murine papovavirus, K virus, by intracranial,
      intraperitoneal, oral, and intranasal routes, and the pathogenesis of infection
      was studied with immunofluorescence, virus assay, and histopathology. Inoculation
      by each route produced a fatal interstitial pneumonia. Pulmonary vascular
      endothelium and, to a lesser extent, cells lining hepatic sinusoids were the
      major sites of viral replication, but intranuclear antigen or inclusions or both
      were also found in extrapulmonary vascular endothelia, spleens, lymph nodes, and
      brains. Although K virus produced a predominantly respiratory illness, the virus
      was less infectious by intranasal than by oral inoculation and did not replicate
      in respiratory epithelial tissues. The earliest site of K virus replication was
      the jejunal submucosa, suggesting that in nature K virus may be transmitted by
      the oral route. Viral antigen was present in brains of animals inoculated by each
      route and correlated with the duration of viremia. Despite the presence of
      abundant viral antigen, however, the nervous system remained morphologically
      normal. The present study indicates that a member of the papovavirus group may
      produce clinically silent, noninflammatory involvement of the central nervous
      system during the initial infection of its natural host.

PMID- 397931
TI  - Experimental vaginal colonization and mother-infant transmission of group B
      streptococci in rats.
AB  - An animal model for group B streptococcal vaginal colonization and neonatal
      acquisition was developed with albino rats. Intravaginal inoculation of genital
      isolates of group B streptococci of serotypes Ia, II, and III either once or on 3
      successive days resulted in carriage of the organisms for 7 days or longer in 26%
      of the virgin animals and 43% of the pregnant animals. Throat and perianal
      cultures of the offspring of pregnant rats revealed that 51% of the rat pups
      acquired the organisms at some time. Litter exchange studies were done to explore
      the contributions of environmental and intralitter spread. Significantly more
      infants born to mothers with positive vaginal cultures acquired the organisms
      than infants of culture-negative mothers who were suckled by positive adoptive
      mothers. However, 13% of the offsprinital cultures acquired group B streptococci.
      This model may be valuable in understanding the dynamics of vaginal carriage and
      mother-infant transmission of group B streptococci.

PMID- 397933
TI  - Experimental chlamydial salpingitis in immunosuppressed guinea pigs infected in
      the genital tract with the agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis.
AB  - At necropsy indication of spread of infection to fallopian tubes was found in 25
      of 41 (60%) female guinea pigs infected in the genital tract with the chlamydial
      agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis and immunosuppressed with
      cyclophosphamide. Eighteen were examined histologically, and the diagnosis of
      acute salpingitis was confirmed in 10, based on inflammatory reaction, detection
      of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis in tissue, and formation of cysts
      (pyosalpinx and hydrosalpinx). Infection of fallopian tube tissue was confirmed
      by indirect immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Infection of endometrial
      tissue and peritoneum was also recognized. Data suggested that the
      immunosuppression mediated by cyclophosphamide resulted in a prolonged genital
      tract infection and concomitant ascending infection leading to salpingitis.

PMID- 397934
TI  - Macrophages in immunity to syphilis: suppressive effect of concurrent infection
      with Mycobacterium bovis BCG on the development of syphilitic lesions and growth
      of Treponema pallidum in tuberculin-positive rabbits.
AB  - Paired groups of male rabbits were challenged with Treponema pallidum and
      Mycobacterium bovis BCG. One group had been sensitized to BCG by inoculation 3
      weeks before challenge. All animals were challenged intradermally at multiple
      sites with T. pallidum alone, BCG alone, and both organisms into the same sites.
      The resulting lesions were followed clinically and histologically. BCG lesions
      enlarged more rapidly in sensitized rabbits, but they were otherwise no different
      from those in the controls. T. pallidum lesions enlarged and regressed
      simultaneously in both groups, but in the BCG-sensitized animals they became
      twice as large as those in the unsensitized rabbits. Mixed BCG-T. pallidum
      lesions showed the greatest differences in the two groups of animals. Like the
      pure BCG lesions, they enlarged more rapidly in the sensitized rabbits but began
      to recede after 1 week. The corresponding lesions in the controls enlarged more
      slowly and reached their maximum size after 3 weeks when the receding lesions in
      the sensitized animals were much smaller. The most marked histological
      histochemical difference between the two groups of animals was in the number and
      activation of macrophages. These cells were more numerous in the mixed lesions of
      BCG-sensitized animals than in similar lesions of the controls and more activated
      as determined by beta-galactosidase staining. Although sparsely distributed,
      activated macrophages were more numerous in the pur T. pallidum lesions of
      sensitized animals than in those of control animals. Silver-stained sections
      revealed fewer treponemes in mixed lesions of sensitized animals than in the
      mixed lesions of control animals. Quantitation of treponemes in pure T. pallidum
      versus mixed lesions was determined in two groups of rabbits challenged
      intratesticularly. The total number of treponemes per testis in the mixed lesions
      of BCG-sensitized rabbits was significantly less than the number in the mixed
      lesions of control animals, and also less than the number in pure T. pallidum
      lesions of both groups of animals.

PMID- 397935
TI  - Combined effect of intercalating agents and antibiotics on R-factor carrying
      bacteria in broth culture.
AB  - Growth of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 and Escherichia coli K12 bearing any of four
      R-factors of the fi+ and fi- group in repressed and derepressed form was not
      inhibited by a combination of ethidium bromide with ampicillin and kanamycin.

PMID- 397938
TI  - [Wild-type and acquired resistance patterns of clinical isolates of Escherichia
      coli (author's transl)].
AB  - Stored data on the inhibition zone diameters of 2274 strains of Escherichia coli
      that had been determined during the first five investigation periods (1975 to
      1977) of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft "Resistenz" using the standard disc
      susceptibility test on Mueller-Hinton agar, were evaluated for: (1) frequency of
      secondary resistance to ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol,
      kanamycin, nitrofurantoin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and
      trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole on the basis of statistically defined break points;
      (2) number, frequency, and qualitative characteristics of multiple resistance
      patterns; (3) regional distribution of the more common resistance patterns; (4)
      more detailed characterization of resistance patterns using the mean diameters of
      inhibition zones; and (5) occurrence of additional resistance determinants. The
      significance of such data in the epidemiological control of resistance to
      chemotherapeutics in gram-negative bacteria is discussed.

PMID- 397937
TI  - [Fifty years of penicillins. A review of structure-effect relationships of beta
      lactamase antibiotics and their microbiological and clinical relevance (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 397939
TI  - Reparable and irreparable damage in yeast cells induced by sparsely ionizing
      radiation.
AB  - It is shown that in diploid yeast there are significant differences in the extent
      of irreparable damage after irradiation with X-rays, 60Co-gamma-rays and 30 MeV
      electrons. At extremely low dose rates, 60Co-gamma-rays were found to produce
      almost no irreparable damage at least up to 1200 Gy. X-rays, however, at the same
      low dose rate caused irreparable damage in the same dose range yielding a
      surviving fraction of 0.25 at 1200 Gy. For irradiations at high dose rate
      followed by liquid holding recovery the relative biological effectiveness of X
      rays amounted to at least 4 for absorbed doses of up to 1000 Gy. With 30 MeV
      electrons at high dose rates an accumulation of sublethal and potentially lethal
      damage resulting in irreparable damage occurred above 1000 Gy. It is suggested
      that irreparable damage in yeast is due to a cooperative effect of neighbouring
      track ends.

PMID- 397936
TI  - [Tobramycin concentrations in human renal tissue (author's transl)].
AB  - Investigation of kidneys from 20 patients revealed relatively low tobramycin
      concentrations in cortex and medulla after one day of treatment. After
      administration for several days a significant accumulation was observed in only
      one of three patients. Attention is drawn to the higher tobramycin concentrations
      found in renal parenchyma which has undergone chronic inflammatory changes
      compared to the "normal" values in kidneys infiltrated by tumours. A higher
      accumulation thus occurs in renal tissue which has already undergone structural
      damage as a result of bacterial inflammation.

PMID- 397940
TI  - Excision of uracil from bromodeoxyuridine-substituted and U.V.-irradiated DNA in
      cultured mouse lymphoma cells.
AB  - A uracil-DNA glycosylase activity was detected in cell-free extracts from
      cultured mouse lymphoma L5178 cells. We investigated whether or not this enzyme
      plays a role in the removal of uracil from chromosomal DNA. U.V. light (254nm)
      irradiation of the cells with BUdR-substituted DNA produced not only single
      strand breaks but also 'internal' uracil residues that were recognized as
      substrate sites by uracil-DNA glycosylase. These 'internal' uracil residues were
      lost from the DNA upon reincubation of the irradiated cells. The product released
      from the DNA was identified as uracil. Thus, the intracellular action of the
      uracil-DNA glycosylase was demonstrated and the subsequent reconstitution of the
      DNA strand was inferred in cultured mammalian cells.

PMID- 397941
TI  - Mechanism of action of nitroimidazole antimicrobial and antitumour
      radiosensitizing drugs. Effects of reduced misonidazole on DNA.
AB  - Electrolytic reduction of the hypoxic tumour cell radiosensitizing drug
      misonidazole was carried out at a controlled potential under anaerobic conditions
      in the presence of Escherichia coli DNA. During the reduction process the DNA was
      examined by viscometry, thermal hyperchromicity, melting and renaturation
      profiles, hydroxyapatite chromatography, agarose gel electrophoresis and alkaline
      sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The reduced drug decreases the
      viscosity, hyperchromicity and renaturation of DNA. These effects are consistent
      with strand breakage of the molecule which was corroborated by finding an
      increase in the single-strand content of DNA, increased migration and loss of
      fluorescence intensity on agarose gels and sedimentation to a less dense region
      in alkaline sucrose density gradients. The results are discussed in relation to
      postulated mechanisms of the selective toxicity of the drug towards anaerobes and
      cytotoxicity of electron affinic radiosensitizers of hypoxic tumour cells.

PMID- 397942
TI  - [Prof. A. N. Witt, M.D].

PMID- 397943
TI  - [Intravenous urography in the investigation of arterial hypertension. Current
      situation (author's transl)].

PMID- 397944
TI  - Investigation of phospholipid changes in actively metabolizing by high
      performance liquid chromatography of 32P-labelled phospholipids.
AB  - A high-performance liquid chromatographic system was employed to study turnover
      rates of phospholipids in various types of cells, such as leukocytes,
      erythrocytes and yeast cells. In the extracts obtained from 32P-labelled cells
      ten to twelve different phospholipids could be identified. Phosphatidyl glycerol
      and other minor phospholipids show a high specific activity, so that the lipids
      may be readily detected. The reproducibility and sensitivity of the method
      permits the determination of lipid changes during nutrient uptake, phagocytosis,
      or other cellular activities.

PMID- 397945
TI  - Rapid assay for tryptophanase using reversed-phase high-performance liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - A rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid-chromatographic assay for
      tryptophanase based upon the fluorometric measurement of the enzymatically
      liberated indole was developed. The total incubation time is 20 min, and the
      reversed-phase separation is fast (elution time of indole in 8 min) and
      reproducible. The sensitivity of the method is in the nanomole range. This method
      was tested in the assay of tryptophanase activity in E. coli, giving an average
      activity of 6589.6 U/g of cells. Because of its speed, high sensitivity and
      minimal sample preparation, this method circumvents several problems commonly
      encountered in standard spectrophotometric methods of analysis.

PMID- 397946
TI  - High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of prostacyclin.
AB  - A high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of prostacyclin
      using a laboratory prepared reversed-phase column packing is described. A
      relative standard deviation of less than 1% was obtained for ten replicate
      injections. The system resolves prostacyclin from its hydrolysis product, 6-oxo
      prostaglandin F1 alpha and from other prostaglandins present as impurities. These
      can be estimated to levels of approximately 0.5%. The separation of other
      unrelated prostaglandins by this method is briefly reported.

PMID- 397947
TI  - High-performance liquid chromatographic assay for prostacyclin.

PMID- 397948
TI  - Leukemia and its dental implications.

PMID- 397949
TI  - A backward glance -- 2.

PMID- 397950
TI  - "A few lines to let you know ...".

PMID- 397951
TI  - [Rolf Hassler on his 65th birthday].

PMID- 397952
TI  - [In memory of Arnold Leonowitsch Schabadasch].

PMID- 397953
TI  - [Quantitative and qualitative aspects of Feulgen's reaction in neurons of
      Gasser's ganglion of the rat fetus].
AB  - This quantitative and qualitative photometric study of the Feulgen reaction,
      shows in trigeminal ganglion neurones of rat foetuses, a differential effect of
      the tested fixatives upon chromatin stability in response to different types of
      acid hydrolysis. The technic conditions the most adapted to foetal ganglion
      neurones are: fixation with formalin (Regaud or salted formalin), hydrolysis with
      chlorhydric acid (HCl 5N) at room temperature which gives a Feulgen reaction of
      great intensity and stability for hydrolysis lasting from 30--40 to 60 minutes.
      Furthermore the fact that the maximal reaction intensity is reached with
      relatively short hydrolysis points out the weakness of chromatin stability in
      foetal ganglion neurones. Histophotometric study of the Feulgen reaction
      conditions in rat foetal trigeminel ganglion neurones.

PMID- 397954
TI  - Nalidixic acid against urinary tract pathogens.

PMID- 397955
TI  - Induced abortion followed by pelvic osteomyelitis.

PMID- 397956
TI  - Evaluation of procedures suggested for reducing the pathology workload in a
      carcinogenesis testing program.
AB  - A sampling procedure for reducing the pathology workload in evaluating a
      carcinogenicity bioassay was utilized for a rodent bioassay. The use of the
      procedure resulted in 50 percent fewer tissues being examined histologically, in
      the control groups and 12 percent fewer tissues in the treatment groups. The
      obvious saving in pathologist's time was negated by an increase in technician
      time, interference with quality control procedures and loss of nontumor pathology
      information.

PMID- 397957
TI  - Long-term effects of perinatal exposure to hormones on normal and neoplastic
      mammary growth in rodents: a review.
AB  - Exposure of mammals to hormones and drugs during pregnancy sometimes results in
      profound consequences in the offspring. In this review, the long-term effects of
      perinatal exposure to hormones on the mammary gland in female rodents at advanced
      ages are discussed as a model for possible human consequences of antenatal
      exposure to sex hormones. In general, antenatal hormone treatments may influence
      the development and growth of the mammary gland. Perinatal treatment with
      estrogen, androgen, progesterone, or even prolactin in some cases induces not
      only irreversible abnormality of mammary growth but also influences spontaneous
      and carcinogen-induced mammary tumorigenesis. Effects of neonatal hormone
      treatment on mammary tumorigenesis, which appear to be mainly due to the
      endogenous hormone imbalance produced, vary according to the time and period of
      the treatment and to the species and/or strain employed.

PMID- 397958
TI  - Carcinogenic potential of petroleum hydrocarbons: a critical review of the
      literature.

PMID- 397959
TI  - In memory of Dr. Gabor Szasz, 1933-1979.

PMID- 397961
TI  - Non-water soluble contrast intravasation and pulmonary embolization in
      myelography.

PMID- 397960
TI  - [Survey of 967 cases of genetic counseling given from 1948 to 1974].

PMID- 397962
TI  - Orthodontic treatment of an Ellis Class VIII fracture.

PMID- 397963
TI  - Factor VIII deficiency and pedodontics.

PMID- 397964
TI  - Comparative photoelastic stress analysis of four blade-type endosteal implants.

PMID- 397965
TI  - Proposed modification of the subperiosteal implant.

PMID- 397966
TI  - [Keratoplasty after severe corneal injuries (author's transl)].

PMID- 397968
TI  - [Pars plana vitrectomy--results and complication of 100 consecutive cases
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Indications, results and complications of 100 consecutive cases of pars plana
      vitrectomy are reported. In 83% of patients with anterior segment and/or vitreous
      opacities a clear view to the fundus could be obtained; visual acuity improved
      significantly in 73%. Complicated retinal detachments, not managable with
      conventional retinal surgery, could be reattached in 26% of the cases. In
      carefully selected patients vitrectomy was indicated to stabilize the anatomic
      situation and to prevent further visual deterioration.

PMID- 397967
TI  - [Rhinobasal deompression of the optic nerve following trauma (author's transl)].
AB  - Six cases of indirect trauma of the optic nerve caused by head injuries are
      reported. After rhinobasal decompression of the optic nerve an improvement in
      visual acuity and visual field was achieved in 4 cases. The indication for optic
      nerve decompression is discussed, comparing the neurosurgical transfrontal
      procedure with rhinobasal decompression. The authors advise an early operation,
      because an improvement may be accomplished even if blindness has occurred
      immediately after the accident.

PMID- 397969
TI  - [Long-term follow-ups of iris sutures (author's transl].
AB  - Previous reports from the Freiburg Eye Clinic concerning surgical techniques and
      experiences with iris sutures are complemented by this description of long-term
      follow-ups (up to 8 years, 6 1/2 years on average) of a random selection of 65
      eye which underwent surgery. There were no harmful reactions to the suture of the
      suture material (nylon, 30 micrometers). Three-fourths of the eyes examined
      presented with tissue bridges, indicating fibroblastic unification of the sutured
      tissues. Even where there was preoperative atrophy of the connected iris parts
      (following glaucoma attacks with iris infarction) the connection remained stable
      over the years. These long-term follow-up findings support earlier
      recommendations concerning indication and surgical technique.

PMID- 397970
TI  - [Timolol: long-term results, tolerance test and early-morning measurements
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In a study lasting 16 months, Timolol was tested on 57 eyes of a group of
      selected patients with open-angle glaucoma. Patients whose IOP could not be
      stabilized with the 0.25% solution were treated with 0.5% drops twice a day. In
      five separate cases, where regulation was inadequate, pilocarpine 2% twice a day
      was prescribed in addition. At the end of 16 months' treatment pressure had been
      lowered to a statistically highly significant degree in 66% of the patients.
      While the degree of regulation in the remainder was not statistically
      sifnificant, most of them were adequately stabilized. Further, following
      stabilization with Timolol, 42% of the patients were subjected to tolerance tests
      under constant conditions (darkness test, water test, coffee and tea tolerance)
      and their 6.00 a.m.values were measured. While good pressure levels were recorded
      in the tolerance tests, the early-morning IOP rose to critical threshold levels
      in some patients. However, during the entire period of observation visual fields
      and optic disk findings remained unaltered in all cases. Only a few cases were
      subjective and/or objective side-effects seen. Ten percent of those patients who
      had been treated previously required new glasses (+0,5 to +1 D over the previous
      correction).

PMID- 397971
TI  - [Central serous retinitis or chorioretinitis (retinopathy or chorioretinopathy)
      and central hemorrhagic chorioretinitis (juvenile disciform macular detachment;
      focal hemorrhagic chorioiditis, presumed histoplasmosis) (author's transl)].
AB  - There are no clinical or etiological connections between central serous and
      central hemorrhagic chorioretinitis, Serous chorioretinitis is seen mostly in
      men; full visual acuity is regained in approx. 80% of all cases. It mainly
      affects subjects aged between 36 and 45. Hemorrhagic chorioretinitis affects both
      sexes to about the same extent and causes severe impairment of visual acuity.
      Both forms should be regarded as genuine inflammations (chorioretinitis centralis
      serosa, chorioretinitis centralis hemorrhagica), not as "pathies". Whereas the
      hemorrhagica disease is generally thought to be caused by inflammation, the
      serous form also often shows signs of inflammation such as varying leakages with
      inflammatory depigmentation and more frequently inflammatory protein increase
      (exudate) with precipitation on the posterior surface of the retina/anterior
      surface of the pigment epithelium.

PMID- 397973
TI  - Stimulating effect of soluble starch on the growth of Mycobacterium lepraemurium
      in cell-free liquid medium; preliminary report.

PMID- 397972
TI  - Interrelationships between sodium clearance, plasma aldosterone, plasma renin
      activity, renal hemodynamics and blood pressure in renal disease.
AB  - This study was designed to evaluate the role of aldosterone, glomerular
      filtration and blood pressure on sodium excretion in renal disease. Sodium
      clearance (CNa), plasma aldosterone (PA), plasma renin activity (PRA), glomerular
      filtration rate (GF), paraaminohippurate clearance (CPAH) and blood pressure were
      measured simultaneously in 19 normal subjects, 38 patients with benign essential
      hypertension, 3 with renal artery stenosis, 48 with chronic glomerulonephritis,
      20 with the nephrotic syndrome, 24 with tubulo-interstitial disease and 21 with a
      renal homograft. CNa was significantly depressed in patients with the nephrotic
      syndrome. Mean PA and PRA were increased in renal artery stenosis but within the
      normal range in other groups. CNa correlated inversely with PA in all groups but
      one (tubulo-interstitial disease). CNa correlated directly with GF in the
      nephrotic syndrome and with the mean blood pressure (mBP) in chronic
      glomerulonephritis and tubulo-interstitial disease. PA correlated directly with
      PRA and inversely with GF or CPAH in most groups. It is concluded that PA is an
      important determinant of the basal natriuresis in renal disease with the
      exception of tubulo-interstitial nephropathies. In the nephrotic syndrome sodium
      retention is largely determined by the interaction of PA and GF. In chronic
      nephropathies, but not in benign essential hypertension, the fractional sodium
      excretion is partly blood pressure-dependent. Impairment of renal function is
      often accompanied by a rise in PA.

PMID- 397974
TI  - Protein-RNA interactions during TMV assembly.
AB  - A review of the structural studies of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is given. TMV is
      essentially a flat helical microcrystal with 16 1/3 subunits per turn. A single
      strand of RNA runs along the helix and is deeply embedded in the protein. The
      virus particles form oriented gels from which high-resolution X-ray fiber
      diffraction data can be obtained. This may be interpreted by the use of six heavy
      chain derivatives to give an electron density map at 0.4 nm resolution from which
      the RNA configuration and the form of the inner part of the protein subunit may
      be determined. In addition, the protein subunits form a stable 17-fold two
      layered disk which is involved in virus assembly and which crystallizes. By the
      use of noncrystallographic symmetry and a single heavy-atom derivative, it has
      been possible to solve the structure of the double disk to 0.28 nm resolution. In
      this structure one sees that an important structural role is played by four alpha
      helices, one of which (the LR helix) appears to form the main binding site for
      the RNA. The main components of the binding site appear to be hydrophobic
      interactions with the bases, hydrogen bonds between aspartate groups and the
      sugars, and arginine salt bridges to the phosphate groups. The binding site is
      between two turns of the virus helix or between the turns of the double disk. In
      the disk, the region proximal to the RNA binding site is in a random coil until
      the RNA binds, whereupon the 24 residues involved build a well-defined structure,
      thereby encapsulating the RNA.

PMID- 397975
TI  - The regional association of actin and myosin with sites of particle phagocytosis.
AB  - Contractile proteins are thought to play a causative role in motile processes
      such as phagocytosis. In order to investigate their role in phagocytosis further,
      simultaneous immunofluorescence localization of F-actin and myosin was carried
      out in resident mouse peritoneal macrophages after phagocytosis of opsonized
      zymosan particles. Both actin and myosin appeared to concentrate rapidly at sites
      of particle phagocytosis. The observed concentration of both proteins at such
      sites preceded ultimate particle engulfment. Cytochalasin B, a drug which was
      shown to block pseudopod extensions around the particle, did not prevent the
      concentration of the two congth effects as an explanation for the observed
      concentration of actin and myosin at phagocytic sites. Kinetic analysis showed
      that actin rapidly concentrates at particle-cell binding sites within minutes (or
      less) of contact with cell surface. The two proteins are present throughout the
      engulfment phase until and after ingestion is complete. Finally, at later times
      the particles become clustered over the cell nucleus and the particle-associated
      actin-myosin seen earlier is no longer evident.

PMID- 397976
TI  - Neuropeptide hormones in cerebrospinal fluid. Experimental and clinical aspects.
AB  - Neuroendocrinologists are now realising that the brain-pituitary relationships in
      man are more complex than they had previously thought. It seems that the brain is
      also a gland, whereas the pituitary produces neuropeptide hormones which work in
      the brain. Since most substances which carry information between those two
      neuroendocrine partners are present in cerebrospinal fluid, it is natural to
      assume that cerebrospinal fluid has an important role as a carrier of molecular
      signals between the brain and pituitary. Whether or not the analysis of
      cerebrospinal fluid neuropeptide hormones will give more information about the
      brain activity in neurological and psychiatric patients is not yet known exactly
      despite some promising new findings.

PMID- 397977
TI  - Hypothalamo-pituitary regulation of liver function.
AB  - Sex differences exist in the metabolism of histidine, drugs and steroids by the
      liver. These differences are controlled, at least in the rat, by the hypothalamo
      pituitary axis. Histidase is controlled by growth hormone, giving an increase in
      the male to the female level. Drug and steroid metabolism are controlled directly
      from the pituitary in the female rat by means of an unidientified hormone
      designated "feminizing factor". In the male rat, androgens derived from the
      testes and adrenals  are involved in the regulation of liver function, probably
      by a feedback action on the pituitary secretion of feminizing factor. The thyroid
      glands are involved in the control of liver function in both males and females.
      Regulation of lactogenic receptors in rat liver is very similar to that of drug
      and steroid metabolism. The secretion of feminizing factor is regulated by the
      hypothalamus and probably involves higher centres, notably the amygdala.

PMID- 397978
TI  - An autoradiographic study on the fate of 65Zn in zinc-rich tissues in some
      rodents.
AB  - Whole-body autoradiography of 65Zn, administered as 65ZnCl2, in mice showed a
      high initial radioactivity in several parenchymatous organs. Some other tissues
      showed a rather slow accumulation and a pronounced retention of 65Zn. This
      applied to the pancreatic islets, which showed the highest soft-tissue
      radioactivity at most survival intervals and in which 65Zn was detected still 60
      days after a single dose. 65Zn was also retained in the hippocampus of the brain,
      the dorsolateral prostate, Paneth cells in the intestine, the bone and the hair.
      A few guinea-pigs and rabbits were studied. In the guinea-pigs, there was no
      specific labelling of the pancreatic islets. The rabbits showed the highest soft
      tissue radioactivity in the mandibular salivary gland. Most tissues which
      retained a high level of 65 Zn have previously been reported as containing high
      levels of endogenous zinc. The results of the present study indicate that there
      is a slow zinc-turnover in these tissues.

PMID- 397979
TI  - Paradoxical effect of ethanol on plasma renin activity levels in hyperreninemic
      essential hypertension.

PMID- 397980
TI  - [Cancer and renal transplantation].

PMID- 397981
TI  - [Politics of allience between the working class and its Marxist-Leninist party
      with the medical intelligentsia].

PMID- 397983
TI  - ["On the Significance of fighting Materialism"--Lenin's philosophical legacy].

PMID- 397982
TI  - [Lenin's "On the Problem of Dialectics" and the importance of dialectic thinking
      in medicine].

PMID- 397984
TI  - [Marx' "Theses on Feuerbach" and the development of the materialistic
      interpretation of history].

PMID- 397985
TI  - [Problems of the dialectic and historical materialism in Engel's "Anti-Duhring"].

PMID- 397986
TI  - [Engels' "Dialectics of Nature" and philosophical problems in the natural
      sciences].

PMID- 397987
TI  - [Engels' "Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of classical German Philosophy", the
      fundamental directions of philosophical thought and medicine].

PMID- 397988
TI  - [Lenin's "Materialism and Empiriocriticism"--defense and further development of
      marxist philosophy].

PMID- 397989
TI  - [The development of public health services in the CSSR].

PMID- 397990
TI  - [The cooperation of the USSR with other socialist countries in the fields of
      medical science and public health].

PMID- 397992
TI  - [The development of public health services in the Hungarian Peoples Republic].

PMID- 397991
TI  - [The development of public health services in the Bulgarian Peoples Republic].

PMID- 397993
TI  - [The development of public health services in the German Democratic Republic].

PMID- 397995
TI  - [The development of public health services in the Peoples Republic of Poland].

PMID- 397994
TI  - [The development of public health services in the Cuban Republic (1959-1973)].

PMID- 397996
TI  - Bone marrow chromosomes in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a long-term study.
AB  - The bone marrow chromosomes of 25 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
      (ALL) were examined at diagnosis before treatment, during remission, and in 12
      cases, also during relapse. Follow-up was for at least six years. At diagnosis,
      17 patients had a major population of chromosomally abnormal cells and of these
      11 had identifiable clones. The commonest abnormality was hyperdiploidy. Eight
      patients had predominantly normal cells, but four of these had a minor abnormal
      clone. In remission, some samples were completely normal but, when pooled,
      remission samples had a minor population of chromosomally aberrant cells which
      were rarely clonal. The incidence of structural abnormalities was the same in
      patients who ultimately relapsed and those who remained in first remission at the
      end of the study, but the presence of hyperdiploid cells and/or clones in
      remission was more frequently associated with subsequent relapse. Relapse
      patterns were of two kinds: in three patients there was a return of the
      chromosomal abnormalities seen at diagnosis; in six others, chromosomal features
      in relapse were distinct from those at diagnosis. It is suggested that relapse
      associated with distinct chromosomal features may represent malignant
      transformation of a previously unaffected cell line. While chromosomal
      abnormalities seen prior to treatment can be related to the leukaemic event
      alone, abnormalities seen in remission and in relapse may result partly from drug
      and X-ray treatment. The relative importance of treatment and other factors to
      chromosomal change in ALL is discussed.

PMID- 397998
TI  - [Clinical uses of radiosaturation analysis. I. Methodology and organizational
      aspects].

PMID- 397997
TI  - [Clinical study in the treatment of duodenal ulcer using cimetidine].

PMID- 397999
TI  - [Regulatory role of proteolytic enzymes].
AB  - The article reviews various aspects of the regulatory function of proteolytic
      enzymes: their role in the biogenesis of some physiologically active proteins and
      peptides, in triggering and mediation of a variety of biological processes, in
      intracellular interactions and in metabolic refolding during adaptation. The data
      on localization and functions of some intracellular proteolytic enzymes, as well
      as data on regulation of their activity are presented. The limited proteolysis as
      an especial form of biological control is considered.

PMID- 398000
TI  - [Repair of recombinant plasmids].
AB  - Comparative analysis of UV-sensitivity was carried out on plasmids of various
      molecular weight. Recombinant plasmids containing fragments of prokaryotic DNA
      (E. coli, phage lambda) are repaired in E. coli cells more effectively than those
      containing eukaryotic DNA fragments. It was also shown that UV-sensitivity of
      recombinant plasmids is independent of their molecular weight provided that the
      active repair process in fact occurs. UV-sensitivity was strongly proporational
      to DNA size only when E. coli double mutant strain was used as host. The survival
      of plasmids strongly increased after M. luteus UV-endonuclease treatment when E.
      coli mutant strain uvr- was used as host, but remained practically constant in
      case of wild type strain. Agarose gel electrophoresis data provide evidence that
      DNA double-stranded breaks appear un UV-irradiated as well as in UV-endonuclease
      treated plasmids. One can suggest that UV-inactivation of plasmids results from
      DNA breaking as a consequence of repair gaps overlap when wild type strain is
      used as host. Mathematical analysis was carried out assuming this possibility.
      Experimental data are shown to fit theoretical values calculated assuming that
      the repair gap size in one DNA strand is equal to 2000-3000 bases.

PMID- 398001
TI  - [Cold-sensitive mutation in the beta-subunit of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase
      affecting the opening of promoters].
AB  - A cold-sensitive mutation in Escherichia coli, affecting the beta-subunit of RNA
      polymerase and causing an increase in the temperature of promoter opening on T2
      phage DNA, was obtained. The mutation also affects the stages preceding promoter
      opening by increasing the dissociation rate of RNA polymerase--DNA closed
      complexes. The affinity of RNA polymerase to T2- and lambda-DNA is differently
      changed by the mutation. The relative efficiency of transcription of these two
      templates is also changed. These results suggest a participation of the beta
      subunit of RNA polymerase in the interaction with promoters.

PMID- 398002
TI  - [Effect of rifampicin and RNA polymerase changing mutation on the spectrum of
      proteins synthesized in Escherichia coli cells].
AB  - Rifampicin (30 mkg/ml) drastically changes the spectra of proteins synthesized by
      E. coli cells. The formation of some polypeptides is stimulated while that of
      others is inhibited. Thus, the earlier reported rifampicin stimulation of the
      synthesis of RNA polymerase beta and beta'-polypeptides is not an exception, the
      formation of some other proteins is being also enhanced by the antibiotic. After
      infection of UV-irradiated cells by lambda rifd47 transducing phage the viral
      proteins are less inhibited than the bacterial ones encoded by the phage. The
      spectra of proteins synthesized are also affected by rpoC1 mutation at non
      permissive temperature. The obtained data suggest that rifampicin and rpoC1
      mutation change the interaction of RNA polymerase with different promoters and/or
      regulatory factors.

PMID- 398003
TI  - [Quaternary structure of the ribosomal 30S subparticle: the model and its
      experimental verification].
AB  - In considering the structure of the ribosomal 30S subparticle from Escherichia
      coli we have assumed that : 1) all or almost all the proteins in the 30S
      subparticle are compact and globular as has been shown for isolated proteins S4,
      S7, S8, S15 and S16 in solution [Serdyuk I. N., Zaccai G. and Spirin A. S. (1978)
      FEBS Letters, 94, 349-352]; 2) RNA within the 30S subparticle has the same
      specific V-like or Y-like shape demonstrated for the isolated 16S RNA in a
      compact conformation [Vasiliev V. D., Selivanova O. M. and Koteliansky V. E.
      (1978) FEBS Letters, 95, 273-276]. On the basis of this assumption and numerous
      data published on the mutual localization of ribosomal proteins, we have
      constructed a model of the quaternary structure of the ribosomal 30S subparticle.
      We have tested the model by comparing the theoretically calculated curves of
      neutron and X-ray scattering at different contrasts with the corresponding
      experimental scattering curves of the E. coli 30S subparticles and have found
      that they coincide. The calculated scattering curves of several previously
      published three-dimensional diagrams of protein topography in the 30S subparticle
      do not agree with experiment.

PMID- 398005
TI  - Prosthetic management of neurogenic velopharyngeal incompetency.

PMID- 398006
TI  - [Unusual collateral blood supply to the brainstem in multiple extracranial
      arterial occlusion (author's transl)].

PMID- 398004
TI  - The management of muscular dystrophy: a clinical review.
AB  - The optimal management of muscular dystrophy is multidisciplinary and aggressive
      in nature. Serial assessment aids in determining the functional stage of the
      disease and in indicating specific therapies. Physical therapy can augment
      strength through exercise and relieve contracture through passive stretching.
      Occupational therapy is employed to help the patient manage his activities of
      daily living within the restrictions imposed on him by his disease. Progressive
      disability can be delayed through a variety of physiatric and orthopedic
      techniques, including surgical release of lower-extremity contracture, repair of
      foot and ankle deformity, and correction of scoliosis. Appropriate orthoses are
      available, as are a variety of special devices to facilitate ongoing care for
      postambulatory patients. Physicians treating the muscular dystrophies should be
      aware of the complications of these diseases, particularly cardiomyopathy,
      pulmonary failure, and psychological and social problems.

PMID- 398007
TI  - [Arguments in favor of the genetic origin of malformed syringohydromyelic
      pictures].
AB  - After a critical analysis of the criteria usually used for arguing in favor of
      the hydrodynamic determinism of the syringohydromyelic malformations, the authors
      report convincing data according to which such dysmorphic status would be the
      result of abnormalities in the genetic programs of the morphogenesis of the
      central canal.

PMID- 398009
TI  - Endomysial boundary scanning as a method of counting skeletal muscle fibres.

PMID- 398008
TI  - [Experimental models of vascular microsurgery on small-calibre arteries].
AB  - The authors, after studying the various types of microvascular sutures performed
      by participants at the Microsurgical Course (Dr Ph. Ploncard) from the Brussel
      University during a chosen period of over one year, draw several conclusions
      concerning the results in order to explain the main failures that may be found-
      aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis--after surgery. The indications of this type of
      training are pointed out-extra-intracranial by pass, coronary by pass, flap
      revascularisation, etc... A good technique gained after an intense training
      together with an obvious individual predisposition are according to the authors
      the two main reasons of success in this meticulous surgery.

PMID- 398010
TI  - [(Informed consent in clinical trials and its impact on methods of randomization
      and statistical evaluation)].
AB  - If patients eligible for a clinical trial are fully informed on alternative
      therapies, randomization, risks, benefits and right to refuse some of them will
      disagree with randomization. Random procedures which pay regard to that fact are
      described. The effect on statistical evaluation and sample sizes is investigated.

PMID- 398011
TI  - [(General rehabilitation in oncology)].
AB  - Rehabilitation has become a modern expression. For many years optimal
      rehabilitation has been carried out in many different sectors of illness. Too few
      activities, however, have been developed for the rehabilitation and control of
      cancer patients. No other group requires rehabilitation as foremost as that of
      cancer patients who need a complete and complex program which besides pure
      medical treatment affords psychosomatic care primarily. By developing a program
      under the title "Wiener Modell" (Vienna Model), our department was able to put
      into practice a suitable program for the control of cancer patients. The success
      was possible due to the excellent teamwork of doctors, nurses and therapeuts as
      well as the inter-disciplinary cooperation of all specialists available in a
      municipal modern hospital.

PMID- 398012
TI  - [Anemia in malignant tumors. Loss of circulating transferrin due to lysosomal
      storage in human and rat malignant tumors].
AB  - The cellular uptake of 67Ga-labelled transferrin was studied in the carcinoma of
      the human respiratory tract and in the Morris hepatoma 5123 C of the rat. In both
      types of tumors a positive tumor imaging by 67Ga-transferrin scintigraphy was
      evident. The intracellular distribution pattern of the radioactivity showed that
      the incorporated 67Ga-transferrin is accumulated within the lysosomes of the
      tumors. The uptake of 67Ga-transferrin by the tumor cells resulted in a faster
      disappearance of the tracer from the blood. The accelerated disappearance of 67Ga
      transferrin from the blood showed a direct correlation to the mass of tumor
      cells. The loss of circulating 67Ga-transferrin from the blood showed a close
      parallelism to the grade of the anemia observed in the tumor bearing rats. We
      conclude from these findings that the uptake of transferrin into the tumor cells
      is one of the factors which are responsible for the anemia observed in malignant
      diseases.

PMID- 398013
TI  - [(Management of acute toxicity after high dose methotrexate therapy)].
AB  - A 13-year-old girl with osteosarcoma and pulmonary metastases developed life
      threatening renal toxicity, encephalopathy, and bone marrow failure following
      high dose methotrexate therapy. After successful treatment, high dose
      methotrexate therapy was continued without further problems. Recommendations for
      the prevention and the current management of methotrexate toxicity are discussed.

PMID- 398014
TI  - [(Meningeal carcinomatosis in patients with breast cancer)].
AB  - Four cases of breast cancer with meningeal involvement are presented and a review
      of the literature is given. Post mortem examination of patients with malignant
      epithelial tumors shows meningeal carcinomatosis in less than 1%. In these solid
      tumors breast cancer is the most common primary site. The mode of tumor spread to
      the leptomeninges is not yet decisively known. Clinical symptoms and findings can
      be divided concerning three anatomic areas: cerebral, cranial nerve and spinal
      root. Slow onset of clinical symptoms and findings as well as their mixed pattern
      is generally noticed. Characteristic findings in cerebrospinal fluid are
      increased protein content, hypoglycorrhachia and identification of malignant
      cells. Other laboratory tests are generally of no diagnostic value. In some cases
      myelogram shows typical alterations. The value of computerized tomography in
      meningeal carcinomatosis remains to be solved. The following treatment for
      meningeal carcinomatosis by breast cancer can be recommended: Intrathecal
      methotrexate 0.2 mg/kg every 3 or 4 days until improvement of symptoms and
      laboratory findings in cerebrospinal fluid, followed by radiation of the
      clinically most involved areas and maintenance therapy with intrathecal
      methotrexate or systemic BCNU.

PMID- 398015
TI  - [(Diagnosis of pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma by means of intraoperative
      fine needle aspiration biopsy)].
AB  - Intraoperative fine needle aspiration biopsies were performed in 69 patients with
      clinical suspicion of pancreatic carcinoma. The biopsies were positive in 20 to
      25 patients with proven pancreatic carcinoma. The cytologic appearances and the
      cellular components of pancreatic carcinoma and pancreatitis are presented and
      illustrated.

PMID- 398016
TI  - [(Electrophoretic mobility test and rosette formation test in malignant melanoma
      and in psoriasis vulgaris)].

PMID- 398017
TI  - Residual corneal astigmatism after perforating keratoplasty.
AB  - A statistical analysis was made of post-operative astigmatism after perforating
      keratoplasty in subjects with various corneal diseases. A total of 100 cases were
      analyzed on discharge (25th day) and 6 months after surgery. The degree of
      astigmatism and its time course was assessed, and its effect on post-operative
      visual acuity was investigated, including any changes resulting from removal of
      the continuous suture. Mean astigmatism values were 4 dioptres on discharge and
      4.2 dioptres after 6 months. No statistically significant relation was found
      between degree of astimatism and recovery of visual acuity.

PMID- 398018
TI  - [Newer aspects of the pathogenesis of enteric E. coli infections].

PMID- 398019
TI  - [Pneumococcal infection: a public health problem].

PMID- 398020
TI  - Clinical aspects and importance of pneumococcal infections.
AB  - Annualy in the USA, the estimated occurence of pneumococcal disease exceeds 500
      000 cases of pneumonia (50 000 deaths), 1 200 000 cases of otitis media and 5 000
      cases of meningitis. The pneumococcus remains the single most important pathogen
      which can cause pneumonia. When bacteremia accompanied pneumococcal pneumonia
      (one-fifth of these), the case fatality rate is approximately of 25% and exceeds
      50% in individuals over 50 years of age. Most of the deaths (60%) occur within
      the first five days of illnesses, despite prompt antibiotic treatment of these
      patients. Emergence of pneumococcal strains with diminished sensitivity for
      penicillin, or resistant to tetracycline and other antibiotics is also a factor
      which lend increasing support to the concept that high risk patients should be
      protected from pneumococcal infection by immunoprophylaxis. A change of capsular
      types associated with bacteriemic disease has occured, in the USA, during the
      past three decades. The types 1 and 3 are less common than in the pre-antibiotic
      era, and the types 4, 8, 12, and 14 have become more prevalent. Infections with
      type 2, an epidemic type, have occured infrequently in the past 20 years. In the
      USA, at the present time, nearly four-fifths of bacteremic cases are associated
      with only 14 of the 84 pneumococcal capsular type ; in descending frequency : 8,
      4, 1, 14, 3, 51, 12, 6, 56, 9, 19, 23, 5 and 20 (American system of
      nomenclature). The predominant capsular types of otitis media are : 1, 3, 6, 7,
      14, 18 and 23. The polyvalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine newly developed
      in the USA, is safe, antigenic and effective. Its widespread use can be expected
      to reduce the number of deaths attribuable to pneumococcal bacteremia.

PMID- 398021
TI  - [The pneumococcal infection in a general hospital of a parisian suburb: a
      prospective study in Villeneuve-Saint-Georges hospital (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors have carried during one year, in the hospital of Villeneuve-Saint
      Georges, a prospective study on 229 cases of pneumococcal infections with
      bacteriological findings. They emphazise the frequency, the high-exposed groups
      and the gravity of these infections despite of the antibiotherapy. The emergence
      of multiply resistant pneumococcus makes out another argument for proposing a
      preventive vaccination taking notice of the most frequent serotypes found in
      France.

PMID- 398022
TI  - [Pneumococcal infections and pediatric intensive care (author's transl)].
AB  - During the period 1965 to 1978, 62 cases of severe pneumococcal infection were
      admitted in Saint-Vincent de Paul pediatric intensive care unit. Recovery without
      sequelae was observed in only 17 of 49 meningitis. 5 fulminant pneumococcal
      infections after splenectomy or other disorders were observed. This late
      condition may be preventable by vaccination.

PMID- 398023
TI  - [Contribution of the counter-immunoelectrophoresis for the diagnosis of
      pneumococcal infections (author's transl)].
AB  - Using counter-immunoelectrophoresis (CIE), the authors have looked for
      pneumococcal antigens in biological fluids in 141 pneumococcal infections cases
      (70 meningitis, 25 empyema, 40 pneumonia, 5 peritonitis, 1 pericarditis). The
      best results (superior to bacteriological results) were obtained with CSF and
      pleural fluid. Testing sputum by CIE seems to have a real interest in pneumonia.
      CIE associated with bacteriology, gives more than 20% increase in aetiological
      diagnosis in pneumococcal infections and permits to set accurate aetiological
      diagnosis in less than two hours.

PMID- 398024
TI  - Quantitative cytology: new dimensions in automation and diagnosis.

PMID- 398025
TI  - History of the Brenner tumor of the ovary.

PMID- 398027
TI  - Liver transplantation: the pathologist's perspective.
AB  - In the years 1963--1977, the pathology department of the University of Colorado
      Medical School did 93 autopsies of patients with liver transplants. Fifteen of
      these patients had received a second graft. Sepsis was the greatest single cause
      of death or failure, and fungi and other organisms often considered opportunistic
      were frequent pathogens. Problems relating to removal of the liver from the
      donor, emplacement of the graft in the new host, and maintenance of the graft
      during the prolonged procedures together offer a monstrous challenge to the
      transplantation surgeon. All of these problems, classed as technical, include as
      complications infarction of the graft as the result of prolonged ischemia and
      blood loss or shock due to various causes, and all may produce alteration in
      structure of the liver; such changes may be misinterpreted as rejection.
      Rejection was a major cause of failure in only 5 patients, although the
      immunosuppression employed to control it contributed to the sepsis that so often
      was lethal. Hyperacute rejection was not observed in any of these transplanted
      livers, although 15 of these patients received a second transplant. Two of the
      patients whose grafts failed due to rejection had changes that indicated
      progression to an early stage of cirrhosis. We conclude that despite the
      persistent problems the liver is an organ peculiarly favorable for
      transplantation.

PMID- 398028
TI  - Crohn's disease: electron microscopic studies.

PMID- 398026
TI  - Pathology of small intramural coronary arteries.

PMID- 398029
TI  - Legionnaires' disease: a review for pathologists.

PMID- 398030
TI  - Pathologic changes associated with the common arthritides and their treatment.

PMID- 398031
TI  - A reasonable alternative to full-crown coverage on bicuspids.

PMID- 398032
TI  - The primary structure of E. coli tRNA Ile minor recognizing AUA codon.

PMID- 398033
TI  - Synthesis of the nascent strand of tRNAfMet from E coli.
AB  - Oligonucleotides corresponding to the total tRNAfMET FROM E. coli have been
      synthesized. These fragments were joined by using RNA ligase to yield quarter
      molecules. The 5'-quarter molecule showed 84% amino acid acceptor activity when
      it was combined with the natural three quarter molecule.

PMID- 398034
TI  - Amalgam--yesterday, today, and tomorrow.

PMID- 398035
TI  - Adhesion and dentin.

PMID- 398036
TI  - Porcelain repairs: retention after one year.

PMID- 398037
TI  - [Nobel Prize winners, Allan Cormack and Godfrey Hounsfield].

PMID- 398039
TI  - [On the 50th anniversary of the Polish radiological periodical publications
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 398038
TI  - [In honour of professor Witold Zawadowski, M.D. on his 90th birthday (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398040
TI  - [Neoplastic-lymphocytic hybrid cell lines].

PMID- 398041
TI  - [Physico-chemical and biological characteristics of fibronectin].

PMID- 398042
TI  - [Drug metabolism in the developing body].

PMID- 398044
TI  - [Children in history - psychological problems].

PMID- 398043
TI  - [Physiopathology of intestinal transport of phosphoranes].

PMID- 398045
TI  - [Juvenile diabetes, a difficult malady for living and thinking. A psychiatric
      study of diabetic children].

PMID- 398048
TI  - Class 4, division 1 fractures.

PMID- 398049
TI  - [In memoriam Dr. W. A. Dalicho, 1915-1979].

PMID- 398050
TI  - Spontaneous contractile activity of isolated ovarian human vein. A dual influence
      of prostacyclin (PGI2).
AB  - The profile of spontaneous contractions as well as the influences of prostacyclin
      (PGI2) on the motility of human ovarian veins obtained during the estrogenic
      phase of the sex cycle were explored. The preparations exhibited a distinct
      phasic activity, which progressively decreased as isolation time progresses,
      dissapearing almost completely following more than two hours. PGI2 produced a
      biphasic influence on quiescent preparations. After the threshold is attained
      lower concentrations caused depression of tone whereas higher ones enhanced the
      basal tone and induced phasic contractile cycles. Phentolamine reduced markedly
      the stimulating influence of PGI2 but had no action on the inhibitory effects,
      whereas propranolol failed to alter either the excitatory of the depressive
      action. The results suggest a participation of alpha-adrenoceptive-mediated
      mechanisms in the stimulatory effect of PGI2. On the other hand, PGI2 may be of
      importance in the regulation of venous flow and the spontaneous or PGI2-induced
      contractions could play a role in the counter current mechanism between veins and
      arteries in the ovarian pedicle.

PMID- 398051
TI  - Pulmonary vascular response to prostacyclin in fetal lambs.
AB  - Eighteen prostacyclin injections (19.4 +/- 1.5 micrograms/kg) were performed in
      five chronically instrumented, intact fetal lambs in order to study the effects
      on pulmonary blood flow. These resulted in a brief period of bradycardia followed
      by a more prolonged period of increased pulmonary blood flow. In this latter
      phase, pulmonary blood flow increased from a baseline value of 49 +/- 4 ml/(kg
      min) to 122 +/- 10 ml/(kg min). Systolic/diastolic pulmonary arterial pressure
      simultaneously fell from 73 +/- 2/48 +/- 1 to 68 +/- 2/42 +/- 1 mm Hg. Flow
      through the ductus arteriosus was unchanged and right ventricular output
      increased to account for the increased pulmonary blood flow. Thus, prostacyclin
      causes pulmonary vasodilation in intact fetal lambs and may participate in the
      control of fetal pulmonary blood flow and the circulatory adjustments to extra
      uterine life.

PMID- 398052
TI  - [The fundamental studies on porcelain powders fused to metal and the bonding
      mechanism of porcelain powders fused to metal (author's transl)].

PMID- 398053
TI  - [The origin of the Chilean National Health Service (author's transl)].

PMID- 398054
TI  - [Initial organization of the National Health Service (NHS) (author's transl)].

PMID- 398055
TI  - [The national health insurance system for employees and the National Drug
      Formulary (N.D.F.) (author's transl)].

PMID- 398056
TI  - [Contributions of the National Health Service to medical education in Chile
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 398058
TI  - [Maternal child care in Chile, 1952-1957 (author's transl)].

PMID- 398057
TI  - [International health organizations in their relation to Chile (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398059
TI  - [Campaign against child undernutrition in Chile, 1952-1977 (author's transl)].

PMID- 398061
TI  - [Medical care in Chile, 1952-1977 (author's transl)].

PMID- 398060
TI  - [Control of infectious diseases in Chile, 1952-1977 (author's transl)].

PMID- 398062
TI  - [Medical rehabilitation in Chile, 1952 to 1977 (author's transl)].

PMID- 398063
TI  - [Actions of the National Health Service on environmental health, 1952-1975
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 398064
TI  - [Family planning in Chile (author's transl)].

PMID- 398065
TI  - [Human and physical resources for medical care in Chile, 1952-1957 (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398066
TI  - [Public health in chile in the last 25 years (author's transl)].

PMID- 398067
TI  - [Comparative study of insulins Novo Monotard and Lente MC].

PMID- 398070
TI  - [2 anniversaries: Hermilio Valdizan and Honorio Delgado].

PMID- 398068
TI  - [Prevention of cephalalgia in migraine].

PMID- 398069
TI  - [The problem of leadership in psychoanalysis].

PMID- 398071
TI  - [Dynamic background of traditional psychotherapy].

PMID- 398072
TI  - [The development of the concept of perversion].

PMID- 398073
TI  - Human red blood cells with normal or improved oxygen transport function prepared
      and frozen in the primary polyvinyl chloride plastic blood collection container.
AB  - This is a report a a new system for freezing human red blood cells in the same
      polyvinyl chloride plastic container in which the blood is collected and
      separated into components. This polyvinyl chloride plastic collection bag with
      integrally attached transfer packs for blood collection, component separation,
      red blood cell biochemical modification, freezing, storage, and post-thaw
      dilution before washing, represents a major advancement in the freeze
      preservation process. The label with the donor's blood type and identification
      number affixed to the bag at the time of collection remains in place throughout
      the freezing and thawing process. The transfused red blood cells are of superior
      quality, and the processing cost is less than with other methods of freeze
      preservation. There is a lower risk of contamination with these red blood cells
      because manipulation of the product is kept at a minimum. "Rejuvenation", a
      bioengineering process by which outdated red blood cells can be salvaged, can be
      incorporated into the preservation process using one of the attached transfer
      packs of the primary collection bag. This process has been introduced as a
      possible means of alleviating the dramatic blood shortages which occur
      periodically. Red blood cells may also be "rejuvenated" after storage in the
      liquid state to increase their 2,3 DPG and ATP levels to 150 to 200% of normal,
      and these red blood cells with improved oxygen transport function have been
      administered to anemic patients with and without cardiopulmonary insufficiency,
      patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and treatment with hypothermia during
      cardiac surgery, and in instances where nonhemolytic transfusion reactions might
      be expected.

PMID- 398074
TI  - Quantitation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-C) in
      plateletpheresis and leukapheresis concentrates.

PMID- 398076
TI  - [Temperature measurements in the pulp chamber during onlay and inlay
      preparation].
AB  - The effect of fast turning burrs and diamond points upon teeth during cavity
      preparation was tested in a model experiment under laboratory conditions, in
      order to establish possible damaging effects upon the pulp through an increase in
      temperature. The most effective protection comes from water cooling. Also
      successful was the technique of intermittent instead of continuous preparation.
      Only methods currently used in practice were tested thus making the test
      particularly valuable to daily practice. Thus it could be proved that the use of
      super-torque airotors as well as of the micromotor cannot cause thermic damage to
      the pulp if used circumspectively.

PMID- 398077
TI  - [Etching-bleaching of fluorotic enamel discoloration. A case report].

PMID- 398075
TI  - Genetic polymorphism of human complement proteins.

PMID- 398078
TI  - [Prof. Gottfried Schonholzer].

PMID- 398079
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy of hemophilia. Introduction].

PMID- 398080
TI  - Acid-etch technique in temporary bridgework using composite pontics in the
      juvenile dentition. A four-year follow-up study.

PMID- 398081
TI  - A survey of dental prosthetic technology in some commercial laboratories in
      Sweden.

PMID- 398082
TI  - [Current problems in the oral therapy of diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 398084
TI  - [Study of tri and tetra cyclic antidepressants and of their metabolic products in
      biological fluids (author's transl)].

PMID- 398083
TI  - [Effects of arginine aspartate administration on somatotrophin, insulin and
      glucagon secretion in rat (author's transl)].

PMID- 398085
TI  - A pictorial history of dentistry. Part 1--prehistoric, Egyptian, Assyrian.

PMID- 398086
TI  - A pictorial history of dentistry. Part II. Etruscan, Roman, and Greek.

PMID- 398087
TI  - Preservation of ultrastructure after extended perfusion of mouse salivary glands
      with autonomic stimulating drugs.
AB  - Using suitable procedures for tissue flushing and perfusion, it has been shown
      that perfusion stimulation of mouse salivary glands with autonomic drugs for at
      least 60 minutes still permits excellent preservation of tissues when perfusion
      fixation is used.

PMID- 398088
TI  - [Statistics of cores].

PMID- 398089
TI  - [Surgical treatment of bone tumors (author's transl)].

PMID- 398090
TI  - Hormonal control of calcium metabolism in lactation.

PMID- 398092
TI  - [Josef Tappeiner on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 398091
TI  - Epidermal growth factor-urogastrone, a polypeptide acquiring hormonal status.

PMID- 398093
TI  - [Animal experiments on the persorption of Candida albicans and a possible
      resultant immune response (author's transl)].
AB  - The aim of this study was to find out whether the saprophytic presence of
      abnormally high quantities of C. albicans in the digestive tract leads to the
      development of a) positive serological reactions to this fungus and/or b)
      fungaemia via persorption. The following experiments were performed with rabbits:
      Administration of suspensions of living or inactivated yeast cells or of starch
      flour by gastric tube; intradermal immunization and administration of certain
      antibiotics in a separate comparative series; serological, histological and/or
      mycological investigations in blood, urine and tissue samples. The results gave a
      positive answer to both questions in that the ingestion of the yeast produced a
      titre of up to 1 : 320 to C. albicans and moreover showed persorption of fungal
      cells leading to fungaemia and, in some cases, to septicaemia. Persorption was
      observed histologically and found to be a completely passive procedure. The
      administration of doxycycline and gentamycin caused an additional increase in
      serological titres and in the percentage of cases of septicaemia.

PMID- 398095
TI  - [Antenatal assessment of fetal maturity--a comparison of ultrasound-cephalometry
      and radiology (author's transl)].
AB  - 334 ultrasound-cephalometries and 231 X-ray fetographies were performed for
      antenatal assessment of fetal maturity as well as for exact estimation of
      gestational age in women with unknown date of donfinement. The accurance of the
      predictions was compared. Ultrasound-cephalometry gave best results when
      performed until the 20th week of gestation. A correct prediction was obtained in
      80.4% of cases. After the 20th week of gestation, the accuracy of prediction
      decreased. Radiology on the contrary gave optimal results at the end of
      pregnancy. A correct prediction of the date of confinement was obtained in 73.8%
      of cases, when the X-ray fetography was performed between the 37th and 40th week
      of gestation. At the end of gestation radiography should be performed, if there
      is a discrepancy between ultrasound and clinical estimation or if ultrasound
      cephalometry was not carried out in early pregnancy--especially if induction of
      labour is necessary.

PMID- 398094
TI  - [Mycosis fungoides bullosa--a case report (author's transl)].
AB  - An extremely rare variant of mycosis fungoides, presenting with bullous lesions,
      is reported. Histopathological examination of the skin revealed subepidermal
      blister formation, a diffuse mononuclear infiltrate in the uppermost parts of the
      dermis and the characteristic intraepithelial Pautrier microabscesses. Lutzner
      cells were found at the ultrastructural level. The mechanism of blister formation
      in mycosis fungoides is outlined.

PMID- 398096
TI  - [Reduction of L-carnitine to gamma-butyrobetaine by Escherichia coli].

PMID- 398097
TI  - [Continuous citric acid synthesis by Candida lipolytica cells immobilized in
      polyacrylamide gel].

PMID- 398099
TI  - [Prolonged function time of xenogenic kidney transplants caused by the combined
      use of azathioprin and prednisolone].
AB  - The present publication reports about the delay of the rejection by unspecific
      medicamentous immuno suppression. This is the continuation of our earlier
      publication about the unaffected primary rejection of xenogenic kidney
      transplants in the closely related system fox - dog. The combined application of
      azathioprine and prednisolone leads to elongated function times of the kidney
      transplants and to the duplication of survival times of the recipients.
      Lymphocytotoxins, which are immuno-electrophoretic Ig G antibodies, appear two
      days later than in untreated recipients by hindrance of immunological reactivity.
      These obtain however then in consequence of the injured formation of antigen
      antibody complexes a concentration increase which widely exceeds the increase of
      the control groups. The influence of azathioprin and prednisolone on the humoral
      respectively cellular immunity is talked about in the discussion. Morphological
      differences in the transplants are not observed in comparison with untreated
      recipients.

PMID- 398098
TI  - [Frequency of fungal infection in chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Among 1 161 patients with chronic bronchitis and 172 patients with bronchiectasis
      treated for a longer time with antibiotics or with antibiotics and
      corticosteroids and examined all for fungi in bronchial secretion, 34 = 0.9%
      showed a secondary infection with fungi (32 Candida, 2 Aspergillus fumigatus).

PMID- 398100
TI  - [The behavior of serum ammonia and urea under conditions of experimental liver
      transplantation in swine].
AB  - The investigation of the ammonia and urea metabolism beside a many of other
      parameters is used to demonstrate the biochemical relations under conditions of
      experimental liver transplantation and also during the postoperative course.

PMID- 398101
TI  - [Flow volume-velocity relationship in the circulation of acutely failing kidney
      transplants (experimental study)].
AB  - The volume velocity-relation of renal blood flow was examined in transplanted dog
      kidneys during the oliguanuric phase of the acute renal failure (ARF). Under
      these circumstances it is possible to separate the ARF in consequence of ischemia
      or hypoxia of the transplant or in consequence of rejection. A significant
      relation between the total blood flow and the mean flow correlation exists in the
      acute functional failure of ischemically injured autotransplants as in the case
      of autochthonous kidneys. This velocity is also kept in the acute insufficiency
      of autotransplants induced by shock although there exists a stronger
      redistribution of cortex circulation than after the ischemic insultus. Extreme
      low or high circulatory velocities without a relation to the blood flow originate
      from the deficiency of extensive vascular regions and the formation of
      arteriovenous shunts in acutely failing rejected homotransplants.

PMID- 398102
TI  - [Experimental microsurgery of blood vessels and nerves in laboratory animals and
      their importance for plastic surgery].
AB  - The authors give a survey of the suitability and use of different laboratory
      animals in the transplantation with microvascular and microneurovascular
      anastomoses of island flaps, muscles and composite grafts as musculo-cutaneous
      and osteo-musculo-cutaneous ones. This report includes the rat, rabbit, dog and
      pig. Preferable for learning and training suture techniques of microvessels and
      nerves are rats. Quite suitable in experimental research is the "epigastric" flap
      of rats and rabbits. Transplantations of muscles and composite grafts as musculo
      cutaneous and osteo-musculo-cutaneous ones, with microvascular and
      microneurovascular anastomoses have been performed mostly in dogs. In order to
      find out suitable donor sites for microvascular and microneurovascular free flap
      transplantation the pig is used, showing a pattern of skin vessels most similar
      to that of man. But only few laboratories might be able to carry out experiments
      in pigs.

PMID- 398103
TI  - [Current problems of BCG innoculation of newborns and children].

PMID- 398104
TI  - Serum gastrin level in rats treated with endotoxin.

PMID- 398107
TI  - Membership directory. Virginia Dental Association.

PMID- 398105
TI  - [Aleksander Nikolajewitsch Studitsky on his 70th birthday].

PMID- 398108
TI  - Effects of topically applied fluorides on cavity preparations.

PMID- 398109
TI  - A critical look at margin placement in restorative dentistry.

PMID- 398110
TI  - Spot the diagnosis. A dermatological case.

PMID- 398106
TI  - Evidence of three cell types in the islets of Langerhans in sand rats (Psammomys
      obesus).
AB  - The islets of Langerhans of sand rats were examined light- and electron
      microscopically with respect to the presence of various cell types. Apart from A-
      and B-cells, already known in sand rats, the presence of the third type of cells
      was established in the islet organ. According to their topography, argyrophilia
      (Hellman and Hellerstrom technique) and electron microscopical appearance of
      their granules they should be considered as D-cells.

PMID- 398111
TI  - [Ischemia, hypothermia, length of death-perfusion and temperature related factors
      for preservation of organs].
AB  - In order to guarantee the comparability of the results of the various working
      teams and experimental conditions within the preservation of organs, above all of
      the preservation of kidneys, it is referred to the importance which belongs to
      the clear establishment of the used notions, such as time of hyperthermy
      (duration), time of ischaemia and dead time (warm and cold). For the practice of
      kidney taking simple time determinations between two steps of taking have made
      their way. The warm dead time is the duration between clamping of the renal
      vessels and the beginning of the flow with cold preservation solution.  This
      establishment is justified by the standardised conditions of taking. For reserach
      these pauschal temporary data are not sufficient and the exact establishment of
      the notion used is necessary.

PMID- 398112
TI  - [Kidney transplant center in Halle: report on the current status, the
      organization of cadaveric kidneys and the results of transplants].
AB  - After the historical description of transplantations in Europe since 1966 the
      essential new facts and constant data in donnor conditioning, transplantation and
      after-treatment are discussed on the basis of special literature. 63 own courses
      are evaluated with complications.

PMID- 398113
TI  - [Angiographic diagnosis in renal injuries].
AB  - Blunt abdominal traumas are frequently connected with renal injuries. Adequate
      clinical symptoms and changes demonstrated by secretion urography refer to a
      renal trauma. An exact statement concerning kind, localisation and size of the
      injury may preoperatively be got only by renovasography. In 37 patients in 17
      cases unconspicuous angiographic findings were made. Here superficial ruptures of
      the parenchyma once escaped demonstration. 6 times up to now unknown preexisting
      renal diseases without proof of a sequel of traumas were the result. In 2 cases
      moderately severe and in 3 patients severe renal traumas appeared.

PMID- 398114
TI  - [Martin Kirschner on the occasion of his 100th birthday (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper is dedicated to Martin Kirschner one of the outstanding German
      surgeons of the first half of this century. Many of the inventions and
      improvements Kirschner made have stood the test of time till today. It was
      Kirschner who recommended to stretch the stomach for replacing the oesophagus. He
      practiced for the first time successfully an embolectomy out of the pulmonary
      artery (1924!). Kirschner improved the wire traction procedure decisevely. Of the
      same importance is his literary work.

PMID- 398115
TI  - [Perforated gastric and duodenal ulcer (635 cases) (author's transl)].
AB  - Perforation could be observed in 10.14% of all patients with gastroduodenal ulcer
      admitted to our clinic from 1946 to 1976. 23.16% of these patients were older
      than 61 years, whereas 15.9% were younger than 30 years. 91.18% had typical
      symptoms of perforation, symptomless were 6.93%. 1.81% arrived moribund in the
      hospital. During the last 30 years as a rule the perforation was only sutured,
      primary resection was being performed only in rare cases. Nowadays, in cases of
      perforated duodenal ulcer we add vagotomy plus pyloroplasty to the suture. The
      total mortality rate came up to 22%, with a significant decrease from 1946 to
      1975.

PMID- 398116
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. 100 years ago (13)].

PMID- 398117
TI  - [Reproduction following kidney transplantation (author's transl)].
AB  - Reported in this paper are the first two pregnancies and childbirths in the GDR
      following kidney transplantations. The point is made that pregnancy following
      kidney transplantation should remain to be a rare exception, though the courses
      were favourable in both cases described. Reference is made to most suitable forms
      of anticonception.

PMID- 398119
TI  - [Bacteriaemia during parturition (author's transl)].
AB  - Bacteriological tests were made of 606 blood cultures which had been obtained
      from 64 women in labour. Positive findings were recorded from 8.1 per cent,
      whereas another positive percentage established before delivery amounted to 4.7
      only. The percentage of bacteriaemia findings was not substantively increased
      following electronic monitoring of childbirth. Beta-haemolysing streptococci were
      found to grow in 7.8 per cent of vaginal smear cultures taken from women in
      labour and in six per cent of cultures taken from newborns. Amniotic fluid was
      also bacteriologically tested during labour.

PMID- 398118
TI  - [Hormonal situation on parturition, early puerperium, and lactation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Variations of the 17-beta oestradiol, progesterone, and prolactin levels in the
      serum were studied in the context of ten spontaneous parturitions. All cases were
      investigated within the first five puerperal days, but in five cases additional
      checks were undertaken over the first four weeks of the puerperium. Milk
      secretion was measured, as well. The oestradiol and progesterone titres were
      found to remain below the level common toward the end of pregnancy. They dropped
      rapidly after parturition and remained low throughout the puerperium. Prolactin
      underwent slight variation on parturition, but it actually stayed at the high
      level measurable at full term. Parturition was followed by brief temporary rise
      and, again, by decline, but values remained above those of non-pregnant women
      throughout puerperium. Milk production increased gradually over the first five
      days and remained similarly high throughout several weeks, accompanied by
      accordingly high prolactin levels. No absolute correlation was found to exist
      between the extent of lactation and the prolactin level. The presence of a
      relationship between oestradiol and progesterone levels, on the one hand, and
      lactation, on the other, cannot be assumed with probability.

PMID- 398120
TI  - Surgery of venous leg ulcers.
AB  - Numerical data are presented to prove the endemic nature and importance of the
      varicose and postthrombotic syndrome. The fact that even in the most fortunate
      cases conservative therapy can bring about only temporary improvement, has
      directed attention to surgical methods. The surgical methods of treatment of
      varicos (VS) and postthrombotic (PS) syndrome are reviewed. The surgical
      procedure considered adequate is described. It consists of the following steps.
      After phlebography, in the case of satisfactorily functioning deep veins, the
      superficial venous system is extirpated according to Trendelenburg, Madelung and
      Babcock, the insufficient perforants are exposed and ligated, the ulcer is
      excised deeply and broadly into the intact tissue. The effect is covered at a
      later date with a semi-thick skin graft. The importance of supplemental
      conservative methods (preparation and postoperative treatment) is stressed. This
      complex therapy was applied in 112 severe cases of venous failure; in 96% the
      result was excellent, in 3% adequate and in 1% poor. The guiding principles for
      the successful solution of chronic venous failure are a correct diagnosis and a
      correctly performed operation. Only proper care can guarantee good results.

PMID- 398121
TI  - [Role of bacterial endotoxins in the tourniquet shock in rats].
AB  - By means of the lead acetate endotoxin sensitising method it was possible to
      demonstrate the development of endotoxaemia in tourniquet ischaemia of rats. The
      lethality of shock was greatly reduced by retreatment with radio-detoxified
      endotoxin (Tolerin). Prelinary liquidation of the Gram-negative enceroflora
      caused a similar reduction of lethality. On the basis of the results endotoxaemia
      of intestinal origin triggered by the vasoactive substances liberated during
      ischaemia and reaching the circulation are considered of importance in the
      pathogenesis of tourniquet shock.

PMID- 398122
TI  - Multiple forms of renin in embryonic chick kidneys.

PMID- 398123
TI  - Metabolic adaptations in white rat foetuses.

PMID- 398125
TI  - American Association of Dental Editors.

PMID- 398124
TI  - [Indices of fetal risk].

PMID- 398126
TI  - Anesthesia's debt to science and its contribution to medicine.

PMID- 398127
TI  - Analgesic properties of dezocine for relief of postoperative pain.
AB  - In a population of 61 surgical patients, 10 and 15 mg dezocine were compared with
      meperidine 100 mg for relief of postoperative pain. Pain relief experienced by
      the patient and pain intensity evaluated by a nurse and a physician displayed
      similar characteristics: dezocine 10 mg was less effective than meperidine but
      dezocine 15 mg showed a rapid onset of analgesic effect with a longlasting
      analgesia superior to meperidine. Vital signs remained stable within satisfactory
      limits with no respiratory depression occurring. Blood-gas analysis showed a
      significant but comparable increase in PaCO2 with slight decrease of PaO2 in all
      patients treated with dezocine or meperidine. Side effects observed included an
      overt sedative effect of both analgesics, which for dezocine appeared to be dose
      related.

PMID- 398128
TI  - Anesthesia and the leucocyte.
AB  - Effective inhibition of cell division by anesthetics occurs only when cells are
      exposed to concentrations more than twice those required for anesthesia.
      Neutropenia following prolonged inhalation of nitrous oxide seems to be caused by
      a different mechanism, in which the cobalt in B12 is oxidised to the trivalent
      form by chemical reaction with nitrous oxide. B12 is thereby inactivated and this
      interferes with folate metabolism and thymidine synthesis: the effect may be
      detected after only a few hours in vivo exposure of mammals to 50% nitrous oxide.
      Unlike lymphocytes, the random motility of human neutrophils is not decreased by
      in vitro exposure to concentrations of halothane required for anesthesia.
      Similarly there is no effect on chemotaxis to casein and phagocytosis with
      exposure up to 2% halothane.

PMID- 398130
TI  - Practical immunoevaluation in anesthesia.
AB  - Postoperative infection and cancer metastasis suppose weakened immunological
      resistance. Immunoevaluation is difficult for technical reasons and for
      individual variability. Proposed tests are hematology, cytochemistry,
      immunoglobulin and complement assays, membrane and cytoplasmic fluorescence,
      rosettes, lymphocyte transformation tests, skin tests, tests for granulocyte and
      monocyte function. Material and methods should be well standardized. Frozen serum
      and lymphocytes are peremptory for cellular and humoral evaluation during the
      different phases of anesthesia.

PMID- 398129
TI  - Double blind study of nefopam, tilidine or placebo, on postoperative pain relief.

PMID- 398131
TI  - Simple method for the purification of bacterial plasmids on hydroxyapatite.

PMID- 398132
TI  - [Ligament injuries of the ankle. Clinical review].

PMID- 398133
TI  - [Adamantinoma of the tibia. Ultrastructural, arteriographic and isotopic
      aspects].

PMID- 398134
TI  - [Psychopathology of thought: the hyperideation].

PMID- 398135
TI  - [The intervention of psychoanalytic concepts in the epistemologic thought of
      Gaston Bachelard].

PMID- 398136
TI  - [Secondary effects of lithium on thyroid function. Mechanisms, diagnostic and
      treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors reviewed the literature concerning the side effects of lithium on
      thyroid function. Two kinds of side effects are reported: the first ones are
      minor, temporary, without important modification of thyroid function and must not
      be treated; the second ones are major and followed by hypothyroidism. This
      situation is mostly in relation with the preexistence of an autoimmune
      thyroiditis or another thyroid abnormality. The authors describe the mechanisms
      responsible for lithium side effects, suggest different thyroid examinations that
      should be done in patients before and during lithium therapy and discuss the
      indications of thyroxine administration.

PMID- 398138
TI  - Opening Address. Professor J. M. Konorski.

PMID- 398137
TI  - [Effect of D,L-ureidosuccinic dihydrazide on the biological properties of
      Pseudomonas pseudomallei and Salmonella typhimurium].

PMID- 398139
TI  - Involvement of the partial reinforcement procedure in reward training: open
      address.
AB  - The analysis of the course of reward training presented in early Konorski and
      Miller?s papers (1933, 1936) indicates that the appearance of active instrumental
      responses is related with the introduction of the partially reinforced,
      excitatory classically conditioned procedure. It is postulated that the mechanism
      underlying the effects of this procedure on the shaping of instrumental responses
      is similar to that proposed by Konorski (1967) for the effects of inhibitory
      classically conditioned stimuli on the performance of the instrumental response.

PMID- 398140
TI  - [Current meaning of the work of K. Kleist and the repercussions in the Ibero
      American countries].

PMID- 398141
TI  - Biological and biochemical characteristics of the tetrapeptide tuftsin, Thr-Lys
      Pro-Arg.

PMID- 398142
TI  - Effect of proteinases on EA (IgG)-binding receptors of rat macrophages.
AB  - Pronase, trypsin and delta-chymotrypsin deplete rat alveolar peritoneal
      macrophages of EA (IgG)-binding activity. Trypsin and delta-chymotrypsin show an
      initially--under certain conditions and lasting--enhancement of receptor
      activity. Cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein biosynthesis, accelerated the
      loss of Fc-receptors and inhibited their reappearance. There are differences
      between alveolar and peritoneal macrophages in the rate of loss as well as of
      regeneration of Fc-receptors.

PMID- 398143
TI  - Endotoxin-induced SAA elevation in the mouse--lack of a role for complement or
      acid proteases.

PMID- 398144
TI  - Role of the RES in lead salt sensitization to endotoxin shock.

PMID- 398145
TI  - Association of some metabolic activities of leukocytes with the immune response.

PMID- 398146
TI  - Restoration of depressed antibody responses of leukemic splenocytes treated with
      LPS-induced factors.
AB  - Lipopolysaccharide and a nontoxic derivative, PS, from Serratia marcescens were
      studied in terms of their effects on normal and Friend leukemia virus depressed
      splenocytes. These materials caused a marked increase in the number of antibody
      producing cells by both groups of splenocytes. MDP, a synthetic analogue of
      myobacterial cell walls, produced a similar adjuvant response by normal and
      leukemic splenocytes. Combinations of PS or LPS and BCG or MDP resulted in
      synergistic immunostimulatory responses. A soluble factor associated with these
      materials appeared to mediate the response, since cell-free supernatants from LPS
      stimulated splenocytes or serum from LPS treated mice resulted in similar
      immunostimulation.

PMID- 398147
TI  - RES function and glucose homeostasis.

PMID- 398149
TI  - Alveolar macrophage--induced suppression of the immune response.
AB  - Alveolar macrophages were shown to suppress the in vitro immune response of
      rabbit lymphoid cells stimulated with heterologous erythrocytes. Suppression was
      associated with an adherent, phagocytic cell that was resistant to the effects of
      irradiation and treatment with anti-thymus serum. Suppression was mediated by a
      soluble factor whose production was independent of antigen and required an
      interaction of viable alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes. Suppression was
      associated with an early event in the induction of the PFC response and appeared
      to affect lymphocyte proliferation. Suppression could not attributed to
      cytotoxicity, sequestration of antigen, depletion of nutrients or release of
      prostaglandins, arginase or thymidine. These results, taken together, provide
      additional information regarding immunological function of alveolar macrophages
      and suggest that they play a regulatory role in the immune response.

PMID- 398148
TI  - Role of res and leukocytic endogenous mediator in iron, zinc and copper
      metabolism.

PMID- 398150
TI  - Effects of UV radiation on the immune system: consequences for UV carcinogenesis.

PMID- 398151
TI  - Homage to Dr. A. Dozin.

PMID- 398152
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Andre Verstraeten, 1894--1978].

PMID- 398153
TI  - Mucolytic treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Double-blind
      comparative clinical trial with N-acetylcysteine, bromhexine and placebo.

PMID- 398154
TI  - A century of dental education in Indiana. 1879-1979.

PMID- 398155
TI  - Idealization and aggression in Beethoven's creativity.

PMID- 398156
TI  - Hemopoietic precursor cells in human peripheral blood.
AB  - Human peripheral blood contains two types of stem cells that differentiate along
      the granulocytic pathway. They are separable by their ability to form colonies in
      agar in vitro (CFU-C) and in plasma clots in diffusion chambers in vivo (CFU-DG).
      Kinetic studies suggest that CFU-DG represents an intermediate between the still
      hypothetical human pluripotent stem cell and CFU-C.

PMID- 398157
TI  - [History of otorhinolaryngology in Spain].

PMID- 398158
TI  - [Development of parasitology in the GDR].
AB  - The development of parasitology in the GDR is described. In the GDR there are
      only 2 chairs of Parasitology in the Faculties of Animal Production and
      Veterinary Medicine at Humboldt University Berlin and Karl Marx University
      Leipzig. Parasitology as a teaching field in its own was not become realized in
      medicine. In the training of zoology parasitology had been recognized only
      temporarily. For the parasitological practice particular parasitological
      departments or laboratories developed in each district institute, which are
      leaded and coordinated by reference laboratories--a state that is an important
      improvement compared with the situation before the war. The publishing efforts of
      GDR's authors and publishing houses as well as the mobilizing role of the
      Parasitological Society of the GDR are especially stressed.

PMID- 398160
TI  - The post crown, success or failure.

PMID- 398159
TI  - [Remarks on the pathogenicity of Eimeria species exemplified by cattle
      coccidiosis].
AB  - Development and pathogenicity of the coccidia of cattle are known up to this day
      only for some species. The criteria responsible for pathogenicity of the species
      of Eimeria, which are arranged in the complexes "Biological qualities of the
      species of coccidia", "Factors of environment and stress" and "Situation of
      reaction of the host" are discussed. Thereby it is emphasized that in coccidiosis
      of calves and young cattles, especially conditions of environment are important
      for the outbreak or not of this disease.

PMID- 398161
TI  - [Max-Fernand Jayle. 1913-1978].

PMID- 398162
TI  - [Study of macrophages infiltrating rat cardiac allografts. 1.--Description of the
      technique of heterotopic cardiac transplantation in the rat and morphological
      analysis of the cells infiltrating the graft (author's transl)].
AB  - The technique of heterotopic cardiac transplantation in the rat is described in
      detail. A simple, nontraumatic method of obtaining cellular prints from the heart
      is proposed for the study of cells infiltrating the allograft. Analysis of the
      morphological aspect of the cellular infiltrate present at the time of rejection
      in a series of allografts revealed a very high proportion of cells belonging to
      the monocyte-macrophage series, thus suggesting an important role for these cells
      in the rejection process.

PMID- 398163
TI  - [Study of macrophages infiltrating rat cardiac allografts. II.--Cytoenzymatic
      analysis of cells infiltrating the grafts and of peritoneal macrophages in
      isograft and allograft recipients (author's transl)].
AB  - Cytoenzymatic analysis of cells infiltrating heart transplants in the rat
      confirms the high participation of monocytes and macrophages. However, when
      comparing iso and allografts, only slight differences are observed in the
      lysosomal enzyme specific colorations, whereas a striking difference in these
      colorations is found between heart infiltrates and peritoneal exsudates from
      these recipients. This could favour the hypothesis of a local macrophage
      activating process within the graft but seems more probably due to differences in
      cell maturation stages.

PMID- 398164
TI  - [Bacteriocinotyping of Klebsiella. A new scheme (author's transl)].
AB  - A new typing scheme of the genus Klebsiella for studying the production and
      different sensitivities towards some standard strains is here proposed. Owing to
      it, 120 Klebsiellae could be classified. The most frequently bacteriocinotypes
      found were 778 and 768. The overall amount obtained was of 57 different models of
      activity. As six clinical experiences have confirmed its efficacy, the practical
      use may now be faced.

PMID- 398165
TI  - [Anti-HBs antibody. A new immunoenzymatic detection. Preliminary results
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The detection of anti-HBs antibody has been carried out using a new technique
      where a system for the detection of HBs antigen in the solid phase is adopted to
      demonstrate the presence of anti HBs antibody by inhibition of the
      immunoenzymatic reaction. The sensitivity of the method has been compared: with
      that of passive haemagglutination and with that of radioimmunoassay in liquid
      phase, for human serum obtained from 10 chronic antibody carriers and also serum
      from 1 rabbit, with that of solid phase radioimmunoassay for 91 positives serums.
      The method appears: in the range of sensitivity of passive haemagglutination and
      radioimmunoassay in the liquid phase, less sensitive than that of solid phase
      radioimmunoassay, far superior to that of electrosyneresis.

PMID- 398166
TI  - [Utilization of a micromethod for the differentiation of Haemophilus biotypes.
      Relations with serotypes and antibiotypes (author's transl)].
AB  - A micromethod utilizing paper discs impregnated with different substrates
      (Minitek-system) permits differentiation of Haemophilus and their biotypes.
      Differentiation of biotypes presents an assured advantage: it is the only technic
      for an exact study of non typable H. influenzae strains and NAD-dependent
      Haemophilus strains. It is also a complement for study of capsulated H.
      influenzae. In an epidemiological aspect, this differentiation shows a evident
      predominance of biotypes I and II for H. influenzae and H. para-influenzae.
      Except that biotype I includes the larger number of serotypable strains,
      different serotypes are distributed in the five biotypes of H. influenzae.
      Likewise none relation has been found between biotypes and antibiotypes.

PMID- 398167
TI  - Effects of time-varying flow and volume on cardiac output estimation from isotope
      dilution and residue detection.

PMID- 398169
TI  - [Problems of total demolishing surgery of the pancreas (indications and
      prospects)].

PMID- 398168
TI  - Controlled release micropump for insulin administration.

PMID- 398170
TI  - [Cancer of the colon: significance of multiple lesions].

PMID- 398171
TI  - [Obituary address in memory of Dr. Georges Daumezon].

PMID- 398172
TI  - [A case of peduncular hallucinosis following development of an earlier tumor
      process].

PMID- 398174
TI  - Insecticides, past, present and future: practice and the understanding of
      mechanisms.

PMID- 398173
TI  - [Psychiatric manifestations induced by dopamine precursors or antagonists].

PMID- 398175
TI  - [Xanthomatosis and monoclonal myelomatous gammapathy. About a case also
      associated with systemic amyloidosis. Review of 42 cases of literature (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A case of diffuse plane xanthomatosis assoicated with systemic amyloidosis and
      multiple myeloma at its outset is reported. Plane xanthomatosis is certainly an
      autonomous entity in comparison with systemic amyloidosis, for there are no
      amyloid deposits in xanthoma. The patient had lambda type IgG paraproteinemia,
      with Bence-Jones proteinuria. Lipid tests were considered as normolipemic though
      some levels recall a type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia. A review of literature about
      the association "xanthomatosis-multiple myeloma" was made, after the important
      work of Bazex, Dupre and Mrs. Christol-Jalby. It allows us to distinguish two
      differnet descriptions: 1. When there is hyperlipoproteinemia, all clinical types
      of xanthomas may exist; multiple myeloma is generally typical (but sometimes not
      very progressive). 2. When there is normolipidemia, the main clinical type is
      diffuse plane xanthomatosis; multiple myeloma is atypical and often only a
      monoclonal gammapathy is found. 3. However in both cases, the outstanding
      clinical type is diffuse plane xanthomatosis: whether normo- or hyperlipemic,
      this therefore indicates a possible underlying disease, and above all a multiple
      myeloma.

PMID- 398176
TI  - [Localized papular pempihigoid].

PMID- 398177
TI  - [Immunofluorescence and immunoperoxydase].

PMID- 398178
TI  - [Proposition of a cycle suggested by the morphological incidences of malaria
      induced by Plasmodium berghei in the mouse (author's transl)].

PMID- 398179
TI  - [The prevention of sudden death caused by cardiac rhythm problems (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398180
TI  - [Reduction mammoplasties. Risks and defects of inverted T-scar technic].

PMID- 398181
TI  - [Omentoplasty and reparative surgery of the hand].

PMID- 398182
TI  - [New procedure for culturing human epidermal cells on allogenic or xenogenic
      skin: preparation of recombined grafts].

PMID- 398183
TI  - The effect of gemfibrozil on serum lipids in diabetic patients.
AB  - The effect of gemfibrozil, a new hypolipidaemic compound, on serum lipids,
      lipoproteins and ophthalmic signs was studied in 20 diabetics during a 28 week
      trial. Ten of the patients were taking oral hypoglycaemic agents and another ten
      insulin. Genfibrozil elevated the proportion of alpha-lipoproteins (HDL) (P less
      than 0.005) in patients on oral agents to the same level as in those using
      insulin, who experienced no change in HDL. The pre-beta-lipoprotein proportion
      (VLDL) decreased (P less than 0.001) along with the serum triglyceride level in
      patients on oral agents only. The proportion of beta-lipoproteins (LDL) remained
      unchanged in both groups. The serum cholesterol and total lipid levels decreased
      significantly whether the patients were on oral treatment or insulin. The
      gemfibrozil was well tolerated. A minor increase in diabetic therapy was made in
      9 patients in order to control the blood sugar levels. The ophthalmic signs were
      generally unchanged.

PMID- 398184
TI  - Labetalol and pindolol in the treatment of hypertension: a comparative study.
AB  - Labetalol, a new hypotensive drug with both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor
      antagonist properties, was compared with pindolol in a double blind cross-over
      study lasting 15 weeks. Both drugs caused a significant drop on blood pressure in
      both the standing and the supine position. The effect was seen after only two
      weeks treatment. The effect on the pulse rate was moderate. Three patients on
      pindolol (but none on labetalol) had to withdraw from the trial for medical
      reasons. In general the side effects recorded for labetalol and pindolol were
      mild. No postural hypotension was noticed with the moderate doses used in the
      study. Labetalol seems to be at least as effective as pindolol in mild to
      moderate hypertension.

PMID- 398185
TI  - Evaluation of the Microstix-Candida system for the isolation of Candida.
AB  - A study was carried out to compare the efficiency of the Microstix-Candida system
      with the standard method of isolating candida using Sabouraud medium. It was
      found that the Microstix-Candida system gave a 96.8% correlation with the
      standard method for vaginal specimens, and 91.8% correlation for other specimens.
      The Microstix-Candida system may be a useful laboratory procedure, in addition to
      direct microscopy, for the diagnosis and management of vaginal candidiasis in
      clinics with limited access to laboratory facilities.

PMID- 398186
TI  - Clinical evaluation of intravenous hexoprenaline in bronchial asthma.
AB  - 5 ug of hexoprenaline given intravenously resulted in a significant relief of
      airway obstruction in 12 out of 16 patients with acute attack of bronchial
      asthma. It produced a 40% increase in peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) with a
      peak at 5 minutes and a 12% increase was still present at 2 hours. It produced
      only minimal cardiovascular side effects. As a bronchodilator, it was as
      effective as 0.5 mg of addrenaline given subcutaneously though the latter
      suffered from considerable cardiovascular side effects as shown by a 12%
      elevation of systolic blood pressure and a 16% reduction in the diastolic blood
      pressure.

PMID- 398187
TI  - Language, cognition and autism.

PMID- 398189
TI  - Eastman Dental Hospital/Institute of Dental Surgery.

PMID- 398188
TI  - Depression in childhood: a survey of the literature.
AB  - Unlike adult depression, childhood depression is still a controversial concept in
      psychiatry. This paper explores and discusses the various issues involved in the
      controversy. Empirical evidence from epidemiological surveys and clinical studies
      is examined systematically. A brief survey of the literature over the last fifty
      years is given. The latest clinical study by Pearce (1974) is highlighted as it
      demonstrates how the condition can be systematically investigated. Despite
      conflicting findings, the available evidence, on balance, suggests that childhood
      depression does exist; it is rare in middle childhood, rarer still in the pre
      school period of life but more common in adolescence. Although research findings
      have begun to give support to the diagnosis of childhood depression, its validity
      is far from being proven. Obviously, further research is needed.

PMID- 398190
TI  - [Life well lived].

PMID- 398191
TI  - [Doctor Wladyslaw Bieganski--a living page of Polish medical history (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398192
TI  - [Wladyslaw Bieganski (1857-1917). Bibliography in chronological order (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398193
TI  - [The products of the reduction of the tetanus toxoid protein (author's transl)].

PMID- 398194
TI  - [Dr. Janusz Korczak--physician, writer and author of pedagogical ideas of
      upbringing (author's transl)].

PMID- 398195
TI  - [Five centuries of hospital management in Jaroslaw (1462-1977) (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398196
TI  - [A historical sketch of medical societies in Jaroslaw (author's transl)].

PMID- 398197
TI  - [The life and work of Wladyslaw Bieganski in Russia (author's transl)].

PMID- 398198
TI  - [Summary of the Curriculum Vitae of Ignacio Chavez 31 January 1897 to 12 July
      1979].

PMID- 398199
TI  - [Effects of a new positive inotropic agent on heart failure of a cardiopulmonary
      preparation].

PMID- 398200
TI  - [Development and current status of heart surgery].
AB  - The history of development of Cardiac Surgery is made, analizing the factors
      influencing this evolution, such as the anatomic and physiological factors of
      cardiopathies as the fundamental factor of the fast development of this
      discipline. Reference is made over the influences exerted by Cardiac Surgery on
      the development on other medical disciplines such as the Intensive Care Units,
      Pacemakers, the Fundamentals of Congenital Heart Diseases and the studies over
      shock etc., etc., etc. The present status of Cardiac Surgery is exposed first by
      analysis of the global Surgical Results of the Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia
      since 1945 up to date and finally the present results since 1971 to 1979 are
      shown.

PMID- 398201
TI  - [Immunofluorescence tests for the detection of antibodies against Corynebacterium
      pyogenes and streptococci in blood serum and vaginal mucus of cattle].
AB  - Bacteriological tests were applied to cattle with endometritis and vaginitis.
      Included were cervical mucus samples and immunofluorescence tests to detect in
      that mucus as well as in blood serum antibody to Corynebacterium pyogenes and
      Streptococcus haemolyticus. The results pointed at intensive contact of the
      animals with the above pathogens and to their frequent occurrence in cervical
      mucus of cattle afflicted with endometritis and vaginitis. They also supported
      the assumption of localised antibody formation in the sexual organs or female
      cattle.

PMID- 398202
TI  - [Guido Fanconi or the triumph of clinical investigation in pediatrics].

PMID- 398203
TI  - [Restoration of mixed and severe immunologic deficiency, by fetal liver and
      thymus graft].
AB  - A male infant with severe combined immunodeficiency but normal adenosine
      deaminase activity for whom no suitable bone marrow donor was available was given
      two separate grafts of both hepatic and thymic cells, the cells for each graft
      being taken from the same fetus aged 13 and 10 weeks respectively. Cell mediated
      and partial humoral immunity was restored 330 and 400 days respectively after the
      second transplant. No graft-versus-host reaction was observed and both red blood
      cell and lymphoid chimaerism could be demonstrated. The child was kept in strict
      bacterial isolation from the 3rd to the 537th day of life. Thirty months after
      the graft, the infant is in good health but has a defect of neutrophil chemotaxis
      and phagocytosis which requires prophylactic benzathine penicillin in addition to
      gammaglobulins. Fetal tissue transplantation may provide an alternative treatment
      for patients with severe combined immunodeficiency who do not have a
      histocompatible donor.

PMID- 398204
TI  - [Therapy of kidney diseases and school attendance].

PMID- 398205
TI  - Antibodies to native DNA in connective tissue disease. A comparison of
      radioimmunoassay, counterimmunoelectrophoresis and indirect immunofluorescence on
      Crithidia luciliae substrate.
AB  - Sera of patients with symptoms of connective tissue diseases were investigated
      for the presence of antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence on rat
      liver substrate. In positive cases antibodies to native DNA were determined by
      radioimmunoassay and by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. Twenty seven selected sera
      were also tested by indirect immunofluorescence on Crithidia luciliae substrate
      to test the sensitivity and specificity of this method. Immunofluorescent
      antinuclear antibodies could be found in all groups of connective tissue diseases
      while anti-native DNA antibody was demonstrated in higher amount only in the
      cases of systemic lupus erythematosus and therefore determination of anti-native
      DNA antibody may be helpful in the diagnosis of oligosymptomatic SLE.
      Counterimmunoelectrophoresis and immunofluorescence on Crithidia smears may serve
      as screening methods for anti-native DNA while radioimmunoassay provides a
      quantitative determination, although there are minor differences in the
      sensitivity and the specificity of these three methods.

PMID- 398206
TI  - Comparison of some Shigella flexneri (Escherichia coli) hybrids in cross
      agglutination and agglutinin absorption tests.
AB  - Antigenic structure of Lac+ hybrids selected from Escherichia coli x Shigella
      flexneri crosses was compared in the cross agglutination and absorption tests.
      Identity of the hybrids from the recipients of serotype 2a and variant Y was
      proved, as well as from serotypes 1b and 4b. The latter hybrids were coupled with
      Shigella flexneri strains 3a, 3b and 3c. The hybrids appeared almost identical
      with serotype 3c.

PMID- 398207
TI  - Study on the immunological heterogeneity of Clostridium botulinum B type toxin.
AB  - The toxins prepared by dialysis-culture method from proteolytic (P) and
      nonproteolytic (NP) strains of C. botulinum were different. NP toxins from 3
      strains (American, Japanese and Polish) showed a higher activation ratio, lower
      protein nitrogen content, and lower neutralization rate compared with P toxins.
      Antitoxic titers of rabbit anti-P and especially anti-NP sera were always higher
      when titrated with NP than with P toxins. The values of the regression
      coefficients in neutralization experiments were not dependent on the sera
      preparations, but only on the toxins. The difference between the common slope b
      for several sera tested against P and NP toxins was statistically significant. A
      difference between the passive protection of mice against P and NP toxins was
      observed only at very low levels of unitage. These results suggested
      immunological heterogeneity of B type botulinum toxin. However, for practical
      purposes, it is not necessary to supplement therapeutic antitoxin with a factor
      which neutralizes NP toxin.

PMID- 398208
TI  - Chondrosarcoma of the first metatarsal--primary or secondary to enchondroma?
AB  - Enchondromas are said to be extremely rare precursors of secondary
      chondrosarcomas. Peripheral enchondromas of the hand and foot may be considered
      as benign, even when the histomorphological study reveals pleomorphic features
      with atypical nuclei. Our case deals with a 56 year old woman who had an
      enchondroma of the first metatarsal. Its distinct histopathological signs of
      focal malignant transformation were only seen in later review. Nine months after
      curettage and autologous bone-grafting a chondrosarcoma was diagnosed. The enbloc
      resection of the medial foot provided adequate surgical treatment of the
      chondrosarcoma.

PMID- 398209
TI  - Hemodialysis in schizophrenia. Results in three chronic cases.
AB  - Therapeutic trials with hemodialysis have been performed in three cases of
      chronic schizophrenia. The severely ill patients had been hospitalized for more
      than ten years and had not responded to different types of conventional somatic
      treatment. Psychopathology was evaluated by use of the IMPS, BPRS, and NOSIE
      scales. No improvement could be observed as a consequence of 12 (11 in one case)
      hemodialysis treatments. Rather, some deterioration occurred in two of the
      patients. This result is not in accord with the markedly positive findings of
      Wagemaker and Cade (1977). However, further studies appear necessary to render
      final conclusions.

PMID- 398210
TI  - Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health in Yugoslavia.
      Introduction.

PMID- 398211
TI  - Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health (1948-1978), Zagreb. List
      of publications 1968-1978.

PMID- 398213
TI  - [Transplantation of the kidney in the rat. I. Problems of surgical technic].
AB  - Is described a technique for transplanting rat kidneys. The technique involves
      suture of vessels of less than 1 mm in diameter with microsurgical techniques.
      Were used adult male rats of wistar strain. The kidney is perfused with 250 cc of
      ringer lactate, heparin 10.000 U.I., solumedrol 1 g novocain 150 mg. The results
      were very good.

PMID- 398212
TI  - [Comparative trial of combined oxprenolol-chlorthalidone and a beta-blockader and
      diuretic separately in primary arterial hypertension].

PMID- 398214
TI  - [Orthotopic transplantation of the liver in the rat. I. Problems of surgical
      technic].

PMID- 398215
TI  - [Respiratory effects of PGI-2 in the pig].
AB  - In anaesthetised pig the intravenous perfusion of 2 micrograms/Kg/min/4 min of
      PGI2 induces within 30'' respiratory changes that spontaneously disappear after
      perfusion. The PGI2 induces a decrease of respiratory frequency while total
      pulmonary resistance increases significantly. This changes of pattern of
      breathing are correlated to tonus of vagus nerve and after vagosimpathectomy are
      not present. The relationship of tidal volume/frequency has been evaluated
      according to the blood pressure variation.

PMID- 398216
TI  - Histoautoradiographic investigation of the invasive dissemination of Ehrlich
      ascites tumor cells through the organs of the mouse.
AB  - In this paper the attempt has been pursued to quantify by a well planned
      experimental technique the ability of the neoplastic cells to spread around in
      vivo through various organs of laboratory animals. By making use of the
      histoautoradiographic techniques the incorporation of 3H thymidine either by the
      normal and by the neoplastic cells has been investigated at many different
      anatomical sites in Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice. The method has been shown
      to be well suited also for the quantitative characterization of the spreading
      dynamics of the cancer cell population.

PMID- 398217
TI  - [Histochemical localization of alcohol dehydrogenase during the aging of seeds].
AB  - Alcohol dehydrogenase activity has been demonstrated in section of fresh and aged
      pea seeds, both air-dried and during germination. The activity in the various
      tissues has been observed using nitro-blue tetrazolium. From the comparison a
      general decrease appear in aged pea seeds and a tendency to a shift in the peaks
      of alcohol deydrogenase activity in the considered tissues (epidermis upper and
      lower, hypodermis, storage parenchyma and vascular system). The procambial zone
      forms the tracheary elements during germination, but in aged seeds this occur
      only rarely. The experiments here reported confirm the hypothesis that seed
      ageing includes changes in enzyme activity and in morphogenetic pathways.

PMID- 398218
TI  - On alcohol dehydrogenase activity in aged pea seeds.
AB  - Inhibitory substances (or substance) of alcohol: NAD oxidoreductase activity are
      present in petroleumbenzin extracts of both less than 1-year-old and 8-year-old
      pea seeds. The inhibitory effect is very strong when petroleumbenzin extracts of
      "old" pea seeds are used, only mild in the case of "young" pea seeds. These
      results suggest a relatioship between the inhibitory substances and ageing of the
      seeds.

PMID- 398219
TI  - [Influence of maleate of ethyl cinepazate on the curve of the glucose tolerance
      test in normal subjects and subjects with altered carbohydrate metabolism].

PMID- 398220
TI  - [Influence of nifedipine on the curve of the glucose tolerance test in normal
      subjects and in subjects with altered carbohydrate metabolism].

PMID- 398221
TI  - Process modeling based on biochemical mechanisms of microbial growth.

PMID- 398222
TI  - Analysis and control of mixed cultures.

PMID- 398224
TI  - Experimental models of osteoarthritis.

PMID- 398225
TI  - [Elegy for Charles Debray, 1907-79].

PMID- 398226
TI  - [Endoscopic polypectomy of the intact or operated colon. Comparative long term
      results].

PMID- 398227
TI  - [Surgery of the pterygo palatin fossa].

PMID- 398228
TI  - [Hashish or marihuana... soft drug].

PMID- 398229
TI  - [Gangrene of the limbs in thrombocytopenia induced by heparin].

PMID- 398230
TI  - [Animal experimentation].

PMID- 398223
TI  - Occurrence of occupational diseases among Polish seaman and fishermen in the
      years 1969-1977.

PMID- 398231
TI  - [Surgery of the sympathetic nerves for pain from R. Leriche to now].

PMID- 398232
TI  - Dr. Charles A. Mitchell.

PMID- 398233
TI  - Limitations of the infant mouse test for Escherichia coli heat stable
      enterotoxin.
AB  - A study was undertaken to evaluate the response of different test systems to
      preparations of heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) derived from Eschericihia coli
      strains recovered from diarrheal disease of humans, pigs and calves. Sterile
      broth culture supernatants of enterotoxigenic strains of E. coli were heated at
      65 degrees C for 30 minutes and tested for the presence of heat-stable
      enterotoxin. Three test systems, namely, ligated intestine of weaned pigs,
      ligated intestine of rabbits and the infant mouse test were used in attempts to
      detect ST in the culture supernatants. Two patterns of reaction were observed in
      response to ST-containing preparations: either the preparation elicited a
      response in the three tests or the preparation elicited a reaction only in the
      ligated pig intestine. A response in all three tests were observed for 5/5 human
      ST-producing E. coli, 5/5 bovine enterotoxigenic E. coli, 5/5 "atypical" porcine
      enterotoxigenic E. coli, 3/3 St(+)LT(-) porcine E. coli of serogroup O138:K81 and
      4/24 LT(+)ST(+) porcine E. coli. A response only in the ligated pig intestine was
      obtained with 5/5 ST(+)LT(-) porcine E. coli belonging to serogroups other than
      O138:K81 and to 20/24 ST(+)LT(+)E. coli from pigs. The results are consistent
      with the view that there are two kinds of ST, one of which (ST1) reacts in all
      three tests and the other (ST2) which reacts only in the ligated pig intestine.
      The findings underscore the limitations of the infant mouse test as a means of
      detecting ST in porcine isolates of E. coli, since the test fails to detect ST
      produced by a large number of these E. coli strains. There appeared to be a
      relationship between kind(s) of ST produced and the animal species from which the
      producing organism was recovered.

PMID- 398235
TI  - 1979 roster of the California Dental Association.

PMID- 398234
TI  - The incidence of Mycoplasma dispar, Ureaplasma and conventional Mycoplasma in the
      pneumonic calf lung.
AB  - This report describes the incidence of Mycoplasma dispar, ureaplasma and
      conventional (large colony) mycoplasma isolated from the pneumonic lungs of
      groups of young calves and the identification to species level of mycoplasmas in
      mixed populations with the aid of the indirect fluorescent antibody test.
      Pneumonic lung tissue yielded one or more mycoplasma species from 88% of the 153
      calves cultured. The mycoplasmas identified and percent of the calves with lungs
      positive for each species were: M. dispar (56%), ureaplasma (44%), Mycoplasma
      bovis (37%), Mycoplasma arginini (33%) and Mycoplasma bovirhinis (23%).
      Conventional mycoplasmas isolated from two calves (1%) could not be identified
      using the antisera available.

PMID- 398236
TI  - [Congenital cystic dilatation of the common bile duct and acute pancreatitis in
      children (author's transl)].
AB  - Two cases of cystic dilatation of the common bile duct associated which acute
      pancreatitis are presented. The correct diagnosis is not made often, because the
      triad of symptoms is incomplete or the recurrent abdominal pain is not attributed
      to pancreas, in absence of determination of serum amylase. Frequently, has been
      noted an anomalous formation of the pancreaticobilary ducts and always a reflux
      in the duct of Wirsung. Also, it is suggested, whatever the procedure of
      anastomosis may be, to close the inferior part of common bile duct.

PMID- 398237
TI  - [Congenital anorectal stenosis (8 cases) (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors present a series of 8 cases of congenital anorectal stenosis treated
      recently, with a follow up of 1 to 7 years. The finding of 3 poor results from
      the standpoint of anal continence leads to a discussion of the general prognosis
      of this malformation classically considered as being benign.

PMID- 398238
TI  - [Polyp of the posterior urethra in boys (author's transl)].
AB  - A rare case of posterior urethral polyp associated with acute urinary retention
      in a boy 22 mo. old is presented. The symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment are
      discussed and the literature is reviewed. Micturating cystogram is considered to
      be of definitive aid in the diagnosis as endoscopy alone may be misleading.

PMID- 398239
TI  - [One case of complete reduplication of the bladder (author's transl)].
AB  - We report one case of complete reduplication of lower urinary tract associated
      with bilateral vesico-urethral reflux, hip dislocation, incomplete sacral
      agenesis and neck malformation. The two bladders are physiologically functional
      and we only operated the bilateral reflux by Leadbetter-Politano procedure. A
      review is presented of the twenty-two published cases, with the classification.

PMID- 398240
TI  - [History of the Japanese Society of Neurology for 20 years (author's transl)].

PMID- 398241
TI  - Dermatophilosis (streptothricosis) in animals and man.

PMID- 398242
TI  - Isolation of mycoplasmas from milk, lungs, and prepuce of cattle.

PMID- 398243
TI  - Response of pigs to recent isolates of coxsackievirus B5.

PMID- 398244
TI  - [Vaccines against infectious rhinotracheitis of the cat adjuvant BCG aluminium
      hydroxide (preparation, control, immunity (author's transl)].

PMID- 398245
TI  - I. Immunosurveillance and tumorigenesis in Balb/c mice--1. Early reactive state
      in mesenteric granulomas.

PMID- 398246
TI  - The recovery of Bordetella bronchiseptica strains by means of smears from the
      nasal cavities of pigs.

PMID- 398247
TI  - The diagnosis and management of acute left-sided valvular regurgitation.

PMID- 398248
TI  - [A mini-history of the dental press].

PMID- 398249
TI  - [Suture of the submucosa in large intestine anastomosis].
AB  - A comparison of three different suture techniques on the large bowel of the same
      experimental animal demonstrated that careful suture alone is adequate to produce
      a sufficient anastomosis. The advantages of this suture technique are to provide
      strength to the intestinal anastomosis, less scar tissue, and fewer peritoneal
      adhesions. The experimental results suggest that suturing of the submucosa can be
      used on other intestinal areas, too.

PMID- 398250
TI  - [Primary common bile duct closure or T-drainage following papilla grafts?].

PMID- 398251
TI  - Challenges from the philosophers to the neuroscientists.
AB  - A practical science of the brain scarcely existed before the 17th century except
      in terms of gross anatomy. In all countries vitalistic concepts held sway,
      yielding only slowly to more materialistic views. These developed at a different
      pace in different countries, due, in each case, to the dominant philosophies of
      the time: the English empiricists; the French Enlightenment; the Italian and
      German schools of experimental neurophysiology. The last to accept the
      materialists' viewpoints was Russia, whose scientists imported them from their
      training in Western Europe in the 19th century. A brief outline is given of how
      the history of brain science parallels the history of ideas in the 17th, 18th and
      19th centuries.

PMID- 398252
TI  - Effect of hexachlorobenzene on the immune system of rats following combined pre-
      and postnatal exposure.

PMID- 398254
TI  - Piperonyl butoxide, alpha[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]-4,5-methylenedioxy-2
      propyltoluene: a review of the literature.

PMID- 398253
TI  - Some immunological effects of lead, cadmium and methylmercury.
AB  - Environmental contaminants may alter one specific or several segments of the
      immune response. It is often necessary to examine each parameter (humoral, cell
      mediated and macrophage) to assess the extent that each is involved. Lead and
      cadmium exposure results in suppression of many aspects of the immune response of
      animals. This suppression often occurs at very low subclinical dosages and
      therefore is detrimental to the health of animals and perhaps man by methods
      other than the typical well-documented toxicity which results at larger dosages.
      Methylmercury has been shown to inhibit the primary, secondary and memory immune
      response but few studies have described possible effects on T lymphocytes and
      macrophages. The effect that methylmercury imposes on the immune system needs
      further investigation.

PMID- 398255
TI  - [Relationship between clasp force and retention].
AB  - The relationship between the effect of retention, the clasp force, and the
      intersecting angle were studied experimentally under ideal conditions on phantom
      prostheses. The measured retention values are distinctly higher than the computed
      values. The reason for this discrepancy was explained. Clasp retention can be
      optimized if the functional formation of constructed crowns for clasp teeth is
      adequate.

PMID- 398256
TI  - [Movement pattern of the orofacial soft tissues during mastication].
AB  - On the basis of video tapes and the subsequent evaluation of each recording, it
      was determined that the orofacial soft tissue of each subject has a
      characteristic movement pattern. Four different basic patterns of masticatory
      movements were established. The average vertical movement of the lips was 7.6 mm;
      the width was reduced by the opening movements at the beginning of the
      masticatory cycle approximately 13% and only 8.5% at the end of the cycle.

PMID- 398257
TI  - [Correction of the inclination of the condylar guidance by changing the Bennett
      angle on the Dentatus articulator].
AB  - Since there is an interrelationship between construction-related inclination of
      condylar guidance and the Bennett angle with the Dentatus articulator, Lauritzen
      suggested that the inclination of condylar guidance be adjusted 1 degree in the
      opposing direction for every 5 degrees alteration in the Bennett angle. This
      method was rejected because calculations of the interdependence of condylar
      guidance and Bennett angle showed the results, in some cases, to be worse than
      when the angle was not adjusted. An exact correction procedure was described.

PMID- 398258
TI  - [Comparative studies on the axial point of the prosthesis].
AB  - After marking, the axial point of the temporomandibular joint was arbitrarily
      determined with a teleradiographic cephalostat according to the Gerber, Ramfjord,
      Posselt, and Hobo procedure as well as the Whip-Mix-Quick-Mount external arch.
      The results were compared with the position of the true hinge axis. The distance
      which this axial point deviated from the axis was measured. Occlusal errors
      occurring in conjunction with prosthetic and restorative work may be reduced to a
      minimum if the thinest possible centric tracing is made.

PMID- 398259
TI  - [Surface and wetting properties of etched and fluoridated dental enamel].

PMID- 398260
TI  - [Bar-prosthetic management of the edentulous mandible by means of plasma-coated
      implantation with titanium screws].
AB  - A plasma-coated titanium screw was specially constructed to receive a bar. Since
      the clinical results were good, we felt justified in presenting our preliminary
      findings. Given the fact that this implant is relatively new (2 years), our
      method seems promising because the bar prosthesis can be applied immediately with
      the standardized instrumentarium, thereby making it possible to exert function a
      stress on the implant immediately. The implantation method and the preparation
      technique for the superstructure is discussed in another publication.

PMID- 398261
TI  - Multibracket bonding: a personal clinical resume.

PMID- 398262
TI  - Epidemiologic aspects of legionellosis.

PMID- 398263
TI  - The effects of exogenous female hormones on the fetus.

PMID- 398264
TI  - Epidemiology of chronic mucus hypersecretion and obstructive airways disease.

PMID- 398265
TI  - Epidemiologic patterns of blood pressure in children.

PMID- 398266
TI  - Postneonatal Mortality.

PMID- 398267
TI  - Reflections on the work of the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission in Japan.

PMID- 398268
TI  - Epidemiology and health policy.

PMID- 398269
TI  - St. Louis encephalitis.

PMID- 398271
TI  - Concepts of initial periodontal disease control: a review of the literature (1976
      1979).

PMID- 398272
TI  - Current views on the etiology of periodontal disease: a review of literature
      (1976-1979).

PMID- 398270
TI  - A review of the epidemiology of human breast cancer.

PMID- 398274
TI  - [Color and form fashioning in metalloceramics].

PMID- 398273
TI  - Partial denture prosthodontics.

PMID- 398276
TI  - [Is the quality asked in baked ceramic onlays to be realized?].

PMID- 398275
TI  - [Cobalt-chromium casting equipment and materials].

PMID- 398277
TI  - [Dental prosthesis and dental pulp preservation].

PMID- 398278
TI  - [Prosthesis for the mid portion of the anterior teeth].

PMID- 398279
TI  - [Management of a wide edentulous area in the mid section--use of a bridge].

PMID- 398280
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Yasuhiko Kamijo].

PMID- 398281
TI  - [Analgesic effects of Y-9213 on postextraction pain--comparison with indomethacin
      by a double-blind controlled study].

PMID- 398283
TI  - And up.

PMID- 398282
TI  - Prosthetic memoirs, part I.

PMID- 398284
TI  - Why is porcelain so hot?

PMID- 398285
TI  - Hollow pontic technique for less porous castings.

PMID- 398286
TI  - Prosthetic memoirs, part II.

PMID- 398287
TI  - Fabricating dentures with electronic instrumentation.

PMID- 398288
TI  - Prosthetic memoirs, part III.

PMID- 398289
TI  - Should you guarantee your work?

PMID- 398291
TI  - Inpatient preventive dentistry within a Veterans Administration Medical Center.

PMID- 398290
TI  - The evolution of dental castings.

PMID- 398292
TI  - Mechanisms of alveolar bond resorption.

PMID- 398293
TI  - The status of dental assistants: a review of the literature from 1972--1978.

PMID- 398294
TI  - Five principles of patient education.

PMID- 398295
TI  - [Sterilization of handpieces and turbines].

PMID- 398296
TI  - Experimental sectional denture.

PMID- 398297
TI  - Insulin sensitivity of non-obese asymptomatic diabetics in vivo in relation to
      insulin responsiveness of their adipose tissue in vitro.
AB  - In twenty-four non-obese male subjects a 2-hour glucose infusion test (12
      mg/kg/min) with initial bolus injection (0.33 g/kg) was performed as a test of
      carbohydrate tolerance. Sixteen individuals had a normal and eight a pathological
      carbohydrate tolerance (asymptomatic diabetes). All subjects received a one-hour
      insulin infusion (two 30-minutes periods of 8 or 16 mU/kg MC-Actrapid). After two
      days subcutaneous adipose tissue was removed from the abdominal wall by needle
      biopsy for characterization of insulin-stimulated (1-14C) glucose incorporation
      into triglycerides. Under in vivo conditions insulin provoked a decrease of blood
      glucose concentrations by 31 +/- 3.9% and 11.6 +/- 2.2% as well as of plasma free
      fatty acids levels by 60 +/- 4.6% and 37 +/- 6.8% in normal persons and
      asymptomatic diabetics, respectively (p less than 0.01). In vitro the insulin
      stimulated incorporation of labeled glucose into triglycerides of adipose tissue
      was diminished in asymptomatic diabetics. Thus, the results indicate that both
      the in vivo insulin responsiveness and the in vitro insulin sensitivity of
      adipose tissue are reduced in early stages of diabetes. The findings suggest that
      changes in insulin target tissues are equally important in the development of
      carbohydrate intolerance in non-obese subjects.

PMID- 398298
TI  - Gastric carcinoma associated with severe hypoglycemia sensitive to diazoxide.
AB  - A case of carcinoma of the stomach associated with severe hypoglycemia is
      reported. Diagnosis of insulinoma was excluded on the basis of history as well as
      laboratory tests. Postmortem examination revealed widespread small metastases to
      various organs; no metastasis was found in the pancreas; the histology of this
      gland did not show any pathological finding. No impairment in pituitary, thyroid,
      adrenal and liver function was detected. Fasting blood sugar ranged from 18 to 56
      mg/100 ml. An oral glucose tolerance test showed a diabetic pattern with low
      insulin. Tolbutamide, glucagon and glucose injected i.v. gave only a moderate
      rise in plasma insulin levels; plasma glucagon response to arginine was
      subnormal. The determination of NSILA-s and gastrin in the serum of this patient
      gave normal values. Diazoxide infusion induced an increase in blood glucose and
      subsequent treatment with diazoxide relieved hypoglycemia for some months. The
      occasional detection of an islet cell antibody by immunofluorescence in this case
      is not easily understandable, but it might partly account for the carbohydrate
      intolerance. An impairment in gluconeogenesis dependent upon some substrate
      deficiency might account for the hypoglycemia in this patient.

PMID- 398299
TI  - [Treatment of ambulatory unstable diabetic patients by continuous subcutaneous
      infusion of insulin: preliminary results (author's transl)].
AB  - The aim of the present work was to examine the possibility of improving the
      metabolic control of ambulatory unstable diabetic patients by continuous
      subcutaneous infusion of insulin. For this purpose, a simple portable pump
      infusing insulin at a constant rate of 0.8 or 1.1 U/h was utilized. Pulses of a
      more concentrated insulin solution were superimposed 30-60 min. before meals.
      Blood glucose control during conventional insulin therapy and during continuous
      infusion was compared by measuring the mean blood glucose and the M-value of
      Schlichtkrull. Blood glucose fluctuations were estimated by the MAGE index of
      Service and Molnar. Three patients were submitted to continuous subcutaneous
      infusion of insulin during periods of 1, 5 and 6 weeks. In two cases, the
      application of this technic considerably improved the metabolic control as
      evidenced by a remarkable decrease of the three measured parameters. In one
      patient, continuous infusion of insulin was stopped after one week since it did
      not lead to an improvement of diabetic equilibrium. This failure was apparently
      due to emotional intolerance of the new technic. On two occasions, infection at
      the site of infusion was noted. These results should encourage longer-term
      studies involving a larger number of patients.

PMID- 398301
TI  - The porphyrias.
AB  - The heterogeneous group of diseases called the porphyrias may all be
      characterised by derangement of specific stages in the haem biosynthetic pathway.
      In the acute porphyrias; acute intermittent porphyria, urophorphyrinogen 1
      synthase, hereditary coproporphyria, coproporphyrinogen oxidase and variegate
      porphyria, ferrochelatase or protoporphyrinogen oxidase, are the enzymes
      affected, whilst in the non acute porphyrias, cutaneous hepatic porphyria,
      uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase, congenital porphyria, uroporphyrinogen
      cosynthase; and erythropoietic protoporphyria; ferrochelatase are the enzymes
      affected. In each of the porphyrias, the activity of the initial and rate
      controlling enzyme of the pathway, delta-aminolaevulinic acid synthase is raised
      which constitutes the principal control point of the pathway. Secondary control
      in each of these diseases lies at the leve of uroporphyrinogen 1 synthase. As a
      consequence of this secondary control, there is excessive excretion of the
      porphyrin precursors delta-aminolaevulinic acid and porphobilinogen in the acute
      porphyrias and excessive excretion of porphyrins leading to solar
      photosensitivity in the non-acute porphyrias and in variegate and hereditary
      coproporphyria. There are a number of secondary metabolic aspects in the
      porphyrias, such as the role of steroid metabolism; the influence of drugs in the
      potentiation of attacks; and the potential for the pathway to branch at stages
      prior to porphyrin formation which result in the synthesis of various
      monopyrroles. The therapy of the two groups of porphyrias are quite different.
      Prophylaxis is important in both types but is particularly important in the
      avoidance of various drugs in the acute porphyrias. The acute attack may be
      specifically treated with carbohydrates, beta-blockers and haematin. Cutaneous
      hepatic porphyria may be treated by venesection, erythropoietic protoporphyria
      with beta caratene whilst congenital porphyria may be improved by splenectomy and
      chloroquine therapy.

PMID- 398300
TI  - Insulin-dependent diabetes and HLA.
AB  - The study of a hundred and fifteen unrelated insulin-dependent diabetes and eight
      families with at least two insulin-dependent diabetes members made it possible to
      confirm the higher frequency of HLA-B8 and B18 (p less than 0.001) among
      patients, producing a RR of 2.24 and 2.47 respectively. The increased B15
      frequency did not achieve statistical significance. B18 whose gametic association
      (delta = 0.0438) was significant only in diabetic patients was often related to
      Aw19-2 (Aw30 + Aw31). The B8/B18 genotype gave a relative risk (RR = 4.98) which
      was significantly higher than that of B8, B18 and B15 heterozygotes (1.50, 1.24
      and 1.39 respectively). Pairs of diabetic siblings were more frequently HLA
      identical than would be expected by chance, and distribution of the pairs of
      affected sibs into the three categories, identical, semi-identical and different,
      was closer to the recessive model than to the dominant one. The fact that the
      B8/B18 individuals had a RR slightly higher than the B8 and B18 homozygotes and
      distinctly higher than the heterozygotes for only one of these genes, favours the
      hypothesis of two dominant genes, giving the appearance of recessivity. The gene
      associated with B18 in Southern Europe seems to play the same part as that of the
      gene associated with B15 in Northern Europe.

PMID- 398302
TI  - [Some immunological aspects of old age: behavior of serum immunoglobulins and of
      circulating T lymphocytes (E rosettes)].

PMID- 398303
TI  - [Influence of obesity and maturity-onset diabetes on the kinetics of NEFA during
      oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT)].

PMID- 398304
TI  - [Complications of intestinal bypass operations in the treatment of massive
      obesity. Critical review of the literature].

PMID- 398305
TI  - [Comparison of the antihypertensive affectiveness of atenolol and methyldopa].

PMID- 398306
TI  - [Comparison of exercise tolerance in hypertensive patients treated with atenolol
      and methyldopa].

PMID- 398307
TI  - [In memoriam of Ignacio Chaves].

PMID- 398309
TI  - [Leukocyte agglutination reaction with Candida albicans antigen in vulvovaginal
      moniliasis].

PMID- 398308
TI  - The fate of mitochondrial loci in rho minus mutants induced by ultraviolet
      irradiation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: effects of different post-irradiation
      treatments.
AB  - Three main features regarding the loss of mitochondrial genetic markers among rho
      mutants induced by ultraviolet irradiation are reported: (a) the frequency of
      loss of six loci examined increases with UV dose; (b) preferential loss of one
      region of the mitochondrial genome observed in spontaneous rho- mutants is
      enhanced by UV; and (c) the loss of each marker results from large deletions.
      Marker loss in rho- mutants was also investigated under conditions that modulate
      rho- induction. Liquid holding of irradiated exponential or stationary phase
      cells, as well as a split-dose regime applied to stationary phase cells, results
      in rho- mutants in which the loss of markers is correlated with rho- induction:
      the more sensitive the cells are to rho- induction, the more frequent are the
      marker losses among rho- clones derived from these cells. This correlation is not
      found in exponential-phase cells submitted to a split-dose treatment, suggesting
      that a different mechanism is involved in the latter case. It is known that UV
      induced pyrimidine dimers are not excised in a controlled manner in mitochondrial
      DNA. However, our studies indicate that an accurate repair mechanism (of the
      recombinational type ?) can lead to the restoration of mitochondrial genetic
      information in growing cells.

PMID- 398311
TI  - [Treatment of newborn infants with respiratory distress syndrome by means of
      positive pressure respiration].

PMID- 398310
TI  - [Health status of newborn infants in pregnancies complicated by cervix
      incompetence].

PMID- 398312
TI  - [Simplified hysterectomy by abdominal route].

PMID- 398313
TI  - [Our modification of the vaginal stump management during total hysterectomy].

PMID- 398314
TI  - [Use of pedicled flaps from the levator ani for closing urinary fistulas located
      in the bladder neck area].

PMID- 398315
TI  - [Results of surgical creation of the vagina].

PMID- 398316
TI  - [Statics of the bladder after transvaginal hysterectomy].

PMID- 398317
TI  - [Early results of complex surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence with
      the use of Polish surgical glue].

PMID- 398318
TI  - [Speculations and demonstrated facts of prenatal psychology].

PMID- 398319
TI  - Stress and behavior in the aged.

PMID- 398320
TI  - [Principles and statements on prosthetic restorations].

PMID- 398321
TI  - On the 150th anniversary of I.M. Sechenov's birth.

PMID- 398322
TI  - I.M. Sechenov's ideas in modern physiology.

PMID- 398323
TI  - Splatter, aerosols, and the dental assistant.

PMID- 398324
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies to Ia antigens from rat thymus: cross reactions with mouse
      and human and use in purification of rat Ia glycoproteins.

PMID- 398325
TI  - Monoclonal antibodies as tools to analyze the serological and genetic
      complexities of major transplantation antigens.

PMID- 398326
TI  - Fine specificity analysis with monoclonal antibodies of antigens controlled by
      the major histocompatibility complex and by the Qa/TL region in mice.

PMID- 398327
TI  - Xenogeneic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens.

PMID- 398328
TI  - Properties of rat anti-MHC antibodies produced by cloned rat-mouse hybridomas.

PMID- 398329
TI  - Purification & properties of goat milk protease.

PMID- 398330
TI  - Some aspects of P. falciparum containment programme.

PMID- 398331
TI  - Chloroquine resistance in P. falciparum in Assam State.

PMID- 398332
TI  - In vivo chloroquine sensitivity tests of Plasmodium falciparum in some parts of
      Uttar Pradesh and Haryana States.

PMID- 398333
TI  - Results of chloroquine sensitivity tests in P. falciparum in some districts of
      Gujarat and Maharashtra States.

PMID- 398334
TI  - Results of in vivo chloroquine sensitivity tests in Plasmodium falciparum in some
      parts of Karnataka State.

PMID- 398336
TI  - Response of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in the Meghalaya State.

PMID- 398335
TI  - A note on chloroquine resistance tests on P. falciparum in Nagaland.

PMID- 398337
TI  - Results of chloroquine sensitivity tests in Plasmodium falciparum in Orissa
      State.

PMID- 398338
TI  - Response to chloroquine with and without pyrimethamine in Plasmodium falciparum
      in West Bengal, Tripura, Mizoram, Manipur and Arunachal Pradesh.

PMID- 398339
TI  - Results of presumptive treatment of malaria in Orissa State.

PMID- 398341
TI  - Presumptive treatment of P. vivax infection with 600 mg chloroquine base in the
      Malaria Eradication Programme in Madhya Pradesh.

PMID- 398340
TI  - Presumptive treatment of P. vivax malaria in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana,
      Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir.

PMID- 398342
TI  - A preliminary report on serological studies on malaria in the rural population of
      Karnataka State.

PMID- 398344
TI  - Simultaneous propagation of P. malariae and P. falciparum in a continuous
      culture.

PMID- 398343
TI  - Studies on malaria transmission in two selected villages in Alwar, Rajasthan.

PMID- 398345
TI  - Selection of a primaquine resistant strain of Plasmodium berghei.

PMID- 398346
TI  - Selection of a chloroquine resistant strain of Plasmodium berghei.

PMID- 398347
TI  - Bacteriological pattern and their sensitivity to antibiotics in wound infections.

PMID- 398348
TI  - Focal outbreak of Plasmodium malariae infection in Rohtak District (Haryana).

PMID- 398349
TI  - [Neurophysiology of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 398350
TI  - [Comparison of the effects of lofepramin and mianserin in depressed patients in a
      double blind trial].
AB  - The therapeutic efficacy of two newly developed anti-depressants lofepramine and
      mianserin was compared in a double-blind clinical trial in 30 depressed
      inpatients. During the treatment period of 4 weeks the depressive symptoms
      assessed by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression decreased in both groups. In
      this trial a stronger influence of lofepramine on the factor 'retarded
      depression' could be demonstrated (p = 0.08). In addition lofepramine showed a
      significantly better reduction of anxious reactions than mianserin (p less than
      0.01). Concerning tolerance, no difference between the two drugs was observed.

PMID- 398351
TI  - Imparied glucose tolerance in long-term lithium-treated patients.
AB  - The oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) was performed twice in patients under long
      term lithium treatment. Blood glucose and plasma insulin were determined. The
      oGTT results were evaluated by three criteria (Kobberling-Creutzfeldt, WHO, and
      Epidemiological Study Group of the European Diabetes Association) and were
      compared to two representative reference studies from normal populations. The
      frequency of impaired glucose tolerance in the patients was three times higher
      than expected on the basis of the studies on normal populations. The variability
      of the oGTT curves between the first and second tests as well as the steepness of
      the time-course of the 'insulinogenic index' suggested mild disturbances of
      carbohydrate metabolism (mild diabetes) in some of the patients. It is considered
      unlikely that the impairment of glucose tolerance in the patients was a direct
      pharmacological effect of lithium salts. The possible role of age, sex, manic
      depressive disease, additional medication, and particularly obesity in the
      effects of long-term lithium treatment on glucose tolerance is discussed. The
      authors suggest that the oGTT should be carried out periodically in long-term,
      lithium-treated patients over the age of 40 years in order to detect
      abnormalities in their carbohydrate metabolism.

PMID- 398352
TI  - [Randomized clinical trials in hepatology].

PMID- 398354
TI  - [What has been achieved in therapy with platelet aggregation inhibitors?].

PMID- 398353
TI  - [How great is the risk of malignancy from immunosuppressives?].

PMID- 398355
TI  - [What has been achieved in the therapy of calcium nephrolithiasis?].

PMID- 398356
TI  - [What has been achieved in the therapy of malignant testicular tumors?].

PMID- 398357
TI  - The significance of Erich Neumann in Jungian psychology.

PMID- 398358
TI  - [Immunologic examination methods in dermatology diagnosis].
AB  - A survey is made of current usage of immunological test systems with regard to
      dermatology in general, and the practical importance of these techniques for the
      practizing dermatologist. Humoral and cellular immune systems are outlined;
      immunofluorescence, and determinations of cellular immune parameters are covered
      in more detail.

PMID- 398359
TI  - [Circulating immune complexes and necrotizing vasculitis].
AB  - 55 patients with necrotizing and with various forms of lymphocytic vasculitis
      were investigated for the presence of vascular deposits of immunoglobulins (Ig)
      and C3 by immunofluorescence testing of skin biopsies and with a 125I-Clq-binding
      assay for the presence of circulating immune complexes. Vascular deposits of Ig
      and C3 were found frequently both in patients with necrotizing and with
      lymphocytic vasculitis. In contrast, C1q binding activity was found almost
      exclusively in sera of patients with systemic necrotizing vasculitis. With one
      exception, all sera with C1q binding activity were from patients with vascular
      deposits of Ig and C3. The implications of these findings for our understanding
      of the development of system involvement in necrotizing vasculitis are discussed.

PMID- 398360
TI  - [Is psoriasis an autoimmunologic disease?].
AB  - DThe defective function of T-lymphocytes, which is a finding in active psoriasis,
      is transitional and reversible, whereas the immunological mechanism is mainly
      related to the formation of immune complexes consisting of stratum corneum
      antibodies and stratum corneum antigen, which through binding of complement and
      activation of chemotactic complement components is responsible for the phenomenon
      of "squirting papillae". The earliest lesions preceding pin point papules, called
      pre-pin-point papules, were induced by stripping or developed spontaneously in a
      marked field closely observed for several days. In the changes preceding earliest
      psoriatic lesions. Abundant polymorphonuclear infiltrates are present, and
      polymorphs seem to play an important role in a selfperpetuating of disease
      process. The therapeutic implications of the immunologic studies in psoriasis
      are: either depletion of activated polymorphs (eg. continuous peritoneal
      dialysis) and/or removal of the factors responsible for their activation (eg.
      treatment of focal infections) or external use of the drugs affecting the
      antigenicity of stratum corneum (tars), or inhibition of exocytosis (a probable
      mechanism of puva).

PMID- 398361
TI  - [A new method for serologic detection of Treponema pallidum reinfection].
AB  - Sources of error in the detection of specific IgM-antibodies against Treponema
      pallidum could be overcome by the introduction of a new method for precise
      separation of immunoglobulins. The 19-S-IgM-FTA-ABS-test apparently permits a
      correct diagnosis of syphilitic reinfection. This method is not only specific but
      also earlier reactive than the VDRL-test. The short-time persistence of 19 S-IgM
      production after treatment and its renewed appearance enables for the first time
      a differentiation between treatment failure and reinfection.

PMID- 398362
TI  - Avoiding pulp pathology in teeth restored with acid etched composites.

PMID- 398363
TI  - Improved method for the cyanogen bromide activation of agarose beads.
AB  - The significant new feature of the procedure is the reaction control of the BrCN
      activation merely by the slow transit of BrCN from a dispersed organic phase to
      the aqueous phase containing agarose beads in concentrated buffer. The product
      thus obtained was applied in a model immunoaffinity chromatographic separation.
      Experimental conditions are given for the control of the degree of activation and
      of the multiplicity of attachment of the protein ligand, for optimizing the
      immunological reactivity of the immunosorbent and for minimizing leakage of
      covalently bound protein from the resin.

PMID- 398364
TI  - Gas chromatographic study of the histochemical reaction for isopropanol
      dehydrogenase.

PMID- 398365
TI  - [Obturator for a palatal perforation from a rubber suction disc].

PMID- 398366
TI  - [Addition technic for making lower complete denture (case report)].

PMID- 398367
TI  - [Streptococcus mutans].

PMID- 398369
TI  - [Cantilever bridge].

PMID- 398368
TI  - Topical fluoride in caries prevention.

PMID- 398371
TI  - [Basic studies on human tooth enamel biopsy: II. Selection of the acid agent].

PMID- 398370
TI  - [A review of the physicochemical reactions of fluoride ion and enamel minerals in
      caries prevention].

PMID- 398372
TI  - Oral implants: status and indications.

PMID- 398373
TI  - Extension removable partial denture design.

PMID- 398374
TI  - [Sequential test with clomiphene and LH-RH in cases of anovulatory sterility
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In sterile menstruating women with anovulatory cycle, the response of plasmatic
      gonadotropins and urinary total Estrogens and Pregnandiol to the administration
      of Clomifene and LH-RH in a sequential test is studied. Five different types of
      response, similar to those detected in previous studies using the LH-RH test, are
      identified; in them, uniformity in the response of gonadotropins exists to both
      LH-RH and Clomifene. The results obtained seem to confirm the existence of
      diverse etiopathogenic mechanisms in the alterations of the Hypothalamus
      Pituitary-Ovarian axis resulting in anovulatory cycle.

PMID- 398375
TI  - [Tuberculosis of the breast. A revue of the literature in connection with a
      personal case (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors, having had a personal case that they report, have carried out a
      general review of tuberculosis of the breast. It is a rare affection which
      usually attacks women during reproductive life, mainly because of the influence
      of hormones on the condition. Clinically it is difficult to differentiate it from
      cancer and it can present in two forms, a superficial and a deep one, a diffuse
      one and a circumscribed one. All the same, there is a definite feature which is
      fistula formation. The diagnosis depends on the biopsy, which shows specific
      histological lesions, and on the bacteriological examination, which shows the
      Koch's bacillus. Mammography is not very characteristic and thermography is of
      too recent appearance. Treatment consists in anti-tuberculous chemotherapy at
      first, surgery being reserved for residual lesions.

PMID- 398376
TI  - [Prosthetic treatment for patients of artificial larynx (author's transl)].

PMID- 398377
TI  - Planning the improvement of a hospital dental service.

PMID- 398378
TI  - Acid etched resin restorations: an update for the clinician.

PMID- 398379
TI  - The relationship between retention and convergence of full crowns when used as
      fixed partial denture retainers.

PMID- 398381
TI  - Electrosurgery in fixed prosthodontics.

PMID- 398380
TI  - Tetracycline stained vital teeth-review of literature.

PMID- 398382
TI  - A proper posterior palatal seal...worth five minutes of clinical time.

PMID- 398383
TI  - [Experimental occlusal trauma in germfree mice (author's transl)].

PMID- 398385
TI  - [The variation of kinin contents and kininase activities in the saliva, plaque
      and gingival fluid of the healthy people without oral hygiene (author's transl)].

PMID- 398384
TI  - [Roughness of the tooth surface after root planing (Part 1) (author's transl)].

PMID- 398386
TI  - [The variation of bradykininase activity in the pocket exudate of the patients
      with periodontal disease after scaling and brushing (author's transl)].

PMID- 398387
TI  - [Some observations to the plaque accumulation on metal crowns (author's transl)].

PMID- 398388
TI  - [A study on the tri-glyceride in serum, gingiva and gingival fluid of patients
      with chronic marginal periodontitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 398389
TI  - [Possible role of lysosomal enzymes in process of periodontal destruction. (An
      experimental study in rabbit) (author's transl)].

PMID- 398390
TI  - [The relationship between periodontal disease and protease activity in gingival
      fluid and in saliva (author's transl)].

PMID- 398391
TI  - [Roughness of the tooth surface after root planing (Part II) (author's transl)].

PMID- 398392
TI  - [A training model for subgingival scaling and planing (author's transl)].

PMID- 398393
TI  - [Effects on the root formation with orthodontic tooth movement (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398395
TI  - Kentucky Dental Association membership roster.

PMID- 398394
TI  - [Study of the direct bonding method. Clinical application of maleic acid as an
      etching agent (author's transl)].

PMID- 398396
TI  - Current issues in the Maryland Dental Medicaid Program.

PMID- 398397
TI  - A description of the DAVID interactive instructional television system and its
      application to post-high school education of the deaf.
AB  - This describes the unique DAVID instructional system, which merges motion, color,
      and audio capacities from instructional television with individualized student
      interaction, answer analysis, immediate reinforcement, individualized lesson
      content, branching, and data gathering from computer-assisted instruction. DAVID
      (Digital And Video Interactive Device) instruction includes drill and practice,
      tutorial, and dialogue strategies based on existing and new TV lessons. The
      system was created for the National Technical Institute for the Deaf by Dr.
      vonFeldt and was operational in November 1977. This paper includes (1) a
      description of deaf student needs, which were the basis for system development;
      (2) description of the completed prototype (DAVID); and (3) results of
      preliminary testing of the system with deaf students.

PMID- 398398
TI  - Medical applications in the TANDEM-16 multiple computer system environment.
AB  - This paper addresses the question of reliability and the TANDEM-16 approach to
      facilitate reliable computers. Specifically, the use of the TANDEM-16 within the
      medical environment is described. Three current applications within the Medical
      Computing Resources Center at The University of Texas Health Science Center at
      Dallas are developed, each characterized by different reliability considerations.

PMID- 398399
TI  - The effect of salivary contamination on the retention of acid-etched retained
      composite resin.

PMID- 398400
TI  - Roster of members. 1980. Nebraska Dental Association.

PMID- 398401
TI  - Gingival involvement in the oral and general disorders.

PMID- 398402
TI  - Cranial defects repair by replacing bone flaps.
AB  - The Authors, after few historical remarks, discuss the indications and the contra
      indications for cranioplasty. Although, in the last 30 years, various materials
      and techniques have been investigated and proposed, the Authors suggest, as
      method of choice, the reimplantation to each patient of his own volet, when
      possible, to repair skulls defects. This technique in fact permits to restore an
      almost normal physiological condition of the cranial vault functions. In the
      light of the recent researches on the "bone induction principle" and on the
      possibility of storing at a temperature of -30 degrees C in a freezer the bone
      flap in ideal condition before the reimplantation, this method is proposed again.
      The Authors report their experience on 15 patients, 13 of whom have been
      successful; a perfect aseptic storage, a rational choice of the patients who
      should be treated and a correct surgical approach are underlined as mandatory for
      the successful use of the technique. The mean follow up for the 13 successful
      patients is 15 months. In the paper the 2 unfavourable cases are discussed too:
      the hypothetical causes which lead to reject of the reimplants are suggested and
      debated.

PMID- 398403
TI  - Hepatitis B: update on prevention.

PMID- 398404
TI  - Oregon Dental Association. Roster of member. 1979-1980.

PMID- 398405
TI  - [Carious-reductive effects of zinc-oxide eugenol cement containing tannin
      fluoride preparation filled in removable partial denture on proximal areas of
      abutment teeth].

PMID- 398406
TI  - A revdew of the composition and properties of endodontic filling materials.

PMID- 398407
TI  - A method of accurately recording the limits of the border structures by the use
      of a customized impression tray.

PMID- 398409
TI  - The dental relaxation method.

PMID- 398410
TI  - Mississippi Dental Association roster.

PMID- 398411
TI  - Periodontosis: past and present thinking.

PMID- 398408
TI  - Behavioral medicine approaches to hypertension: an integrative analysis of theory
      and research.
AB  - This article compares behavioral and biological approaches to hypertension,
      highlights some of the practical, semantic, and theoretical issues involved, and
      attempts a constructive, behavioral medicine integration of these approaches. The
      major behavioral approaches to hypertension are described, with a focus on their
      conceptual limitations as stimulants to research into psychobiological
      mechanisms. A biobehavioral systems analysis of hypertension is outlined,
      emphasizing the role of the central nervous system as a common pathway relating
      environmental and behavioral factors to cardiovascular regulatory dynamics and
      disease. Schwartz's concept of blood pressure disregulation is discussed, by
      which behavioral "feedback loops" may be included in the pathogenesis of
      homeostatic disorders. A detailed discussion of concepts underlying the clinical
      pharmacological approach to hypertension is provided; parallels are drawn between
      the conceptual framework and the theoretical and practical questions facing
      behavioral researchers concerned with hypertension. Synergistic interactive
      effects of drug and behavioral treatments are proposed. A biobehavioral overview,
      which links pressor and depressor stimulus patterns to both pathogenesis and
      therapy, can serve to integrate the previous biobehavioral systems analysis, the
      conceptual framework of clinical pharmacology, and the notion of biobehavioral
      disregulation of blood pressure. Implications for future behavioral medicine
      research in hypertension are provided.

PMID- 398412
TI  - Developments in the microbiology of periodontal disease--a review.

PMID- 398413
TI  - [Fourier model of the visual system and the mechanism of feature detection:
      progress in the last 15 years].

PMID- 398414
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Yukiyoshi Koga].

PMID- 398415
TI  - Effect of prolonged uremia on insulin metabolism by isolated liver and muscle.
AB  - As the prolonged metabolic clearance rate of insulin in chronic uremia cannot be
      entirely explained by impaired removal and degradation of insulin by the kidney,
      we set out to determine whether prolonged uremia depresses other major sites of
      insulin degradation. The study was conducted with livers and skeletal muscle
      obtained from normal control rats and uremic rats 4 weeks after 80% nephrectomy.
      Despite a significant difference between renal function in the control and uremic
      rats (BUN, 18 vs. 46 mg/dl), there was no significant difference in the clearance
      of insulin by isolated uremic or control livers perfused with a bloodless medium.
      Similarly, the 125I-insulin degrading activity of liver homogenates was not
      depressed by uremia. In contrast, binding and degradation by uremic liver cell
      membranes was significantly reduced to 58% and 85% of the controls, respectively.
      Degradation by homogenates of skeletal muscle and by intact epitrochlaris muscle
      was significantly less in uremics than in controls. These results indicate that
      chronic uremia depresses skeletal muscle insulin degradation but not hepatic
      insulin removal or degradation despite a decrease in insulin binding and
      degradation by liver plasma membranes. It thus appears that depression of insulin
      degradation by muscle may contribute to the prolonged insulin metabolic clearance
      rate seen in chronic uremia. Furthermore, it is possible that the impaired
      binding of insulin to liver membranes may play a role in the insulin resistance
      of uremia.

PMID- 398416
TI  - Sodium-chloride-induced protection in nephrotoxic acute renal failure:
      independence from renin.
AB  - It has been shown that the severity of experimentally induced acute renal failure
      (ARF) is inversely related to dietary sodium chloride intake, and the effects
      have been attributed to the concurrent changes in renal renin. In the current
      study, renal renin of rats was increased by chronic sodium deprivation and
      decreased by chronic sodium loading and DOCA administration. In two nephrotoxic
      models (mercuric chloride, uranyl nitrate), giving previously sodium-deprived
      rats 1% sodium chloride to drink for 48 hours prior to ARF induction greatly
      attenuated the severity without any reduction in their high renal renin.
      Conversely, giving previously sodium-loaded rats tap water to drink for 4 to 5
      days prior to AFR induction greatly enhanced the severity without any increase in
      their subnormal renal renin. Therefore, the changes in severity of ARF resulting
      from changes in dietary sodium are not mediated by changes in renal renin.
      Significant inverse correlations were found between mean peak BUN values during
      the follow-up period (5 to 7 days) and the 24-hour urinary sodium excretions
      prior to ARF induction in both models, suggesting that sodium intake and/or
      excretion at the time of induction is a good predictor of the severity. The
      effects of sodium chloride in both models were predominantly expressed during the
      maintenance phase, and consisted of attenuation of the severity (both models) and
      hastening of the recovery (mercuric chloride model). Possible mechanisms by which
      dietary sodium produced its effects, independently of its effects on the renin
      angiotensin system, are discussed.

PMID- 398417
TI  - Glomerular deposition of complement-control proteins in acute and chronic
      glomerulonephritis.
AB  - Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (AGN) differed from
      membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) and lupus nephritis (SLE) in that
      two of the proteins that control the C3b-dependent convertase, beta 1H and the
      C3bC4b-inactivator cofactor (C3bC4bICo), were frequently absent from the
      glomerular deposits. In addition, factor B was distributed with C3 in the
      capillary walls in hypocomplementemic AGN patients. From this, it can be assumed
      that C3bBb is in the deposits, uninhibited by control proteins as would be
      predicted for alternative pathway activation. Factor B could not be found in
      normocomplementemic AGN, was rarely present in MPGN, but was usually present in
      SLE, most often in the mesangium. In MPGN and SLE, the control proteins were
      nearly always present in the glomeruli in a distribution like that of C3; IN MPGN
      they were particularly abundant. Complement profiles indicated an occasional
      transient reduction in serum C4 level early in AGN. Thus, although there is
      occasional evidence of early classical activation in AGN, more characteristic is
      a long period of alternative activation. Serum levels of control proteins did not
      deviate greatly from normal except for reduced serum beta 1H levels in MPGN type
      I.

PMID- 398418
TI  - An improved method for renal allograft biopsy.

PMID- 398420
TI  - Demonstration of extracellular immunoproteins in formalin-fixed renal biopsy
      specimens.

PMID- 398419
TI  - Editorial review. Recent formulations of the urinary concentrating mechanism: a
      status report.
AB  - The status of the purely passive mode of solute concentration as of 1979 appears
      to be similar to that of the original countercurrent hypothesis 10 years ago. The
      passive mode concept has advanced our understanding of the concentrating process
      by qualitatively incorporating the permeability characteristics of tubule
      segments and the lack of an active transport process in the thin loop of Henle
      into a mechanism which has attractive economy and explanatory value. But in the
      final analysis some assumptions are not borne out by experimental findings (for
      example, the high urea concentration of fluid in the rat and hamster end
      descending limb; the likelihood of net transepithelial addition of sodium
      chloride to the Psammomys descending limb; the removal of sodium chloride from
      the hamster ascending limb against an apparent electrochemical gradient under
      certain circumstances; and the osmotic lag between vasa recta blood and
      interstitium in the rat). Furthermore, when the known permeability and transport
      characteristics of the renal tubule are incorporated into a mathematic model of
      the passive operating mode, numerical simulations fail to establish a
      progressively hyperosmotic inner medulla. This does not rule out the
      applicability of the more general model (Eq. 1), particularly if evidence for
      some form of active transport in the inner medulla, heretofore lacking, is
      forthcoming.

PMID- 398421
TI  - [For the 100th birthday of Alfred Vogt--an attempt at honoring his scientific
      works].

PMID- 398422
TI  - [For the 100th birthday of Professor Alfred Vogt (b. 31 October 1879--d. 10
      December 1943)].

PMID- 398423
TI  - [Concise review of progress in the management of perforating injury (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Improvement in the management of perforating injuries has become possible since
      the successful control of infection. However, the decisive step ahead was
      accurate suturing. The use of finer needles and of thinner, standardised suture
      material enabled accurate adaption of the margins and closer suturing. The
      anterior chamber could now be filled with air, thus preventing contact between
      iris and cornea. Development of new instruments enabled simultaneous management
      of haemorrhages and of injuries of the lens and vitreous body. Prolapse of iris
      without essential damage to the iris could be reduced either by limbal puncture
      or by intensive rinsing with fluid, proceeding from the edges of the wound.
      Parallel to the successful management of lens injuries a more radical form of
      vitreous surgery developed without significantly increasing surgical trauma. In
      Birmingham, during 1950--1958 45% of the patients with perforating injury of the
      anterior segment--including injury of the lens or iris--achieved a visual acuity
      of 6/12 or better. During 1971--1974 the corresponding percentage was 62% at the
      same clinic.

PMID- 398424
TI  - [Vitrectomy under optical observation (author's transl)].
AB  - Slit lamp biomicroscopy without contact lens is achieved by upright Gullstrand
      fundus microscopy. The controlled angulation of the slit beam makes it possible
      to measure the position of objects in the vitreous cavity by correction of object
      and image points. This form of stereotaxis is used for guiding the laser beam in
      the fundus.

PMID- 398426
TI  - Tennessee Dental Association directory and membership roster. 1979-80.

PMID- 398425
TI  - Prognosis, trend and prediction in patient management.
AB  - A survey was conducted to get to know the 'state of the art' in trend prediction
      as a basis for optimal therapy, with emphasis on research being done in the
      countries of the European Community. Special areas of interest are quantitative
      prognosis (prognostic indices), the detection and use of trends in the patient's
      state, the use of models in prediction and their possible use for deciding which
      therapy is optimal for a specific patient. An extensive list of centres working
      in these fields as well as an extensive reference list is included.

PMID- 398427
TI  - Properties of epithelial cells cultured from human carcinomas and nonmalignant
      tissues.
AB  - Human epithelial cell cultures were examined for expression of plasminogen
      activator and fibronectin matrix. All of the cells examined showed
      ultrastructural evidence suggesting their epithelial origin, including microvilli
      and specialized junctions. The nonmalignant cells were also negative for
      endothelial cell markers (ie. they lacked factor VIII antigen, a nonthrombogenic
      surface and Weibel-Palade bodies). The nonmalignant lines all produced large
      amounts of plasminogen activator, whereas the tumor-derived lines showed a
      gradation of activities, ranging from lines having as much activity as the
      nonmalignant lines to lines having little or no activity above background. For
      both normal and malignant cells, addition of dexamethesone only slightly
      decreased the levels of plasminogen activator. By immunofluorescence microscopy,
      normal bladder and fetal intestine epithelial cells showed fibronectin in a
      globular and fibrillar matrix. In contrast, normal mammary epithelial cells had a
      much diminished amount of fibronectin with a punctate distribution.

PMID- 398428
TI  - The detection, immunofluorescent localization, and thrombin induced release of
      human platelet-associated fibronectin antigen.
AB  - Platelets are cells which develop adhesive properties following stimulation.
      Since fibronectin (fn) mediates adhesive properties of several cells, we sought
      evidence for platelet associated fn. Lysates of suspensions of washed human
      platelets containing less than or equal to 50 ng soluble fn/10(9) cells contained
      2.85 micrograms fn antigen per 10(9) cells. The platelet fn antigen competition
      curve showed a similar slope to the curve for purified plasma fn suggesting
      antigenic identity. Immunofluorescent staining for fn was minimal in intact cells
      suggesting that the majority of fn antigen is intracellular. In permeable
      platelets, fluorescent staining for fn was seen in a punctate distribution
      suggesting a granule localization. Stimulation of platelet secretion by thrombin
      released platelet fn antigen. Suramin, a drug which inhibits platelet secretion,
      inhibited fn release. The apparent secretion of platelet fn, taken with the
      immunofluorescent data, support the localization of a portion of platelet fn
      antigen in a storage granule.

PMID- 398429
TI  - Growth control by cell to cell contact.
AB  - Control of cell growth by cell to cell contact is reviewed with particular
      emphasis on two systems--contact inhibition of growth observed with Swiss 3T3
      cells and the mitogenic stimulation of Schwann cells by dorsal root ganglia
      neurites. In both cases the biological effect can be reproduced by the addition
      of surface membranes to the corresponding cells. In the case of contact
      inhibition of 3T3 cells, biological activity appears to correlate with membrane
      binding to the cells. An octylglucoside extract of 3T3 plasma membranes retains
      the biological activity (growth inhibition) of the original membranes.

PMID- 398430
TI  - Selected myths that impede the attack on health care costs.

PMID- 398431
TI  - Williams Obstetrics on abortion.

PMID- 398434
TI  - [In memoriam. Dr. Dragutin Psorn (1927-1979)].

PMID- 398433
TI  - Volume of interatrial shunt; studies with selective dilution curves (left-to
      right shunts).

PMID- 398432
TI  - Treatment of intractable angina by diminishing thyreo-adrenergic overstrain; a
      double blind study.

PMID- 398435
TI  - [ATP-ase of K 12 Escherichia coli membrane. Kinetic study of the soluble enzyme
      associated enzyme].

PMID- 398436
TI  - [Cancer of the oral cavity. Surgical aspects].

PMID- 398437
TI  - Hybridomas--medical diagnosis of the future.

PMID- 398438
TI  - Inhibitory effect of maltose on insulin release by glucose from isolated
      pancreatic islets.

PMID- 398439
TI  - Reaction of marginal gingiva to crown & bridge procedures. A literature review,
      Part II.

PMID- 398440
TI  - Midline fracture of complete dentures.

PMID- 398441
TI  - List of addresses of Club Jules Gonin's members.

PMID- 398442
TI  - [Homage to Hermenegildo Arruga].

PMID- 398444
TI  - Stereotaxis in foreign body extraction.

PMID- 398443
TI  - Retinal surgery in Lausanne (homage to Rene Dufour).

PMID- 398446
TI  - [Dr. Heinz Walther on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 398445
TI  - Direct versus indirect photocoagulation treatment of idiopathic central serous
      choroidopathy. A controlled clinical study.

PMID- 398448
TI  - Effect of different media on the synthesis of capsular material in Cryptococcus
      neoformans.

PMID- 398449
TI  - North Carolina Dental Society directory. 1979-1980.

PMID- 398447
TI  - [The reaction of the physiological vaginal flora to topical antimycotics
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 398450
TI  - [Influence of administration of glucose and/or insulin on the mechanical and
      metabolic activity of the isolated heart in newborn lambs].

PMID- 398451
TI  - [The saralasin test. Use in diagnosis of nephrovascular hypertension].

PMID- 398452
TI  - [Prospects of the use of dynamic electrocardiography during work activities of
      persons exposed to environmental noise].

PMID- 398454
TI  - [Endoscopic control of esophago-gastric sutures after superior polar resection.
      Advantages of the Lortat-Jacob reconstruction technic].
AB  - The results of superior polar resection carried out for benign and malignant
      lesions of the lower 3rd of the oesophagus and cardias were controlled
      endoscopically. Cure time, elasticity, suture function and the onset of
      complications were assessed in relation to the technique employed. It is known
      that the most important late complications in this surgery are, apart from
      recurrences, cicatricial stenosis, perianastomotic granulomas and, particularly,
      serious oesophagitis secondary to reflux. It is concluded that Lortat-Jacob
      valvular anastomosis gives the best immediate and long-term results because of
      its good elasticity and anastomosis function; there are almost never any problems
      connected with the presence of reflux, which is so important and invalidating for
      patients operated on with other techniques.

PMID- 398455
TI  - [Diverticulosis and diverticular disease. Current aspects of pathogenesis,
      physiopathology, radiology and surgical treatment].

PMID- 398453
TI  - [Biohumoral aspects of shock. Physiopathological and pathogenetic
      classification].

PMID- 398456
TI  - [Cystic lymphangioma. Review of the literature and clinical cases with unusual
      localizations].

PMID- 398457
TI  - [Biliary ileus. Considerations on 7 cases].
AB  - A review of the recent literature is accompanied by the presentation of 7 cases
      of biliary ileus. Enterolithectomy, repair of the fistula, and cholecystectomy
      were carried out during the same operation in 2 cases, and it is felt that this
      form of management should be used more often in selected and suitably prepared
      patients.

PMID- 398458
TI  - Screening for rubella antibodies by a single radial haemolysis test.
AB  - A commercially produced single radial haemolysis (SRH) test for rubella
      antibodies was compared to the standard haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) test.
      There was a generally good correlation between haemolysis zone and HAI titres
      except for a few small and intermediate zones of haemolysis which were not
      dependable. The haemolysis was determined by the presence of rubella antigen. The
      SRH test is technically simple and can be recommended for screening programmes.
      IgM antibodies could not be detected by SRH.

PMID- 398459
TI  - The National Institute of Public Health - fifty years of activity and development
      in retrospect.

PMID- 398460
TI  - A comparison of the in vitro activity of a new cephalosporin, cefuroxime, and
      cephalothin against 810 clinical isolates.
AB  - 810 strains of eight species: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis,
      Streptococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp, Enterobacter sp, Proteus
      mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris, were tested by the disc diffusion method against
      cephalothin and cefuroxime. The activity of the two drugs was comparable to S
      aureus and S epidermidis, and a little in favour of cefuroxime regarding S
      faecalis. Cefuroxime turned out to be superior to cephalothin against the gram
      negative rods investigated. This pattern was most pronounced when Enterobacter
      was investigated.

PMID- 398461
TI  - [Overdentures (author's transl)].

PMID- 398462
TI  - [The nature of enamel spindles in human teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 398463
TI  - [An anatomical and histological study of the teeth of Gerrhonotus multicarinatus
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 398465
TI  - [Studies on the bone changes induced by lateral rapid maxillary expansion by
      labeling method and microradiography (author's transl)].

PMID- 398464
TI  - [Basic studies on the evaluation of antifungal agents (author's transl)].

PMID- 398466
TI  - [A study of muscle pressure in making functional impression--horizontal tongue
      forces on natural dentition mandible (author's transl)].

PMID- 398467
TI  - [Porcelain attachment for the one-piece casting].

PMID- 398468
TI  - [Fabrication of a two-part obturator following resection].

PMID- 398469
TI  - The edentulous patient--reconstructed?

PMID- 398471
TI  - [Tests for evaluation of GH secretion: possibilities of false negative results].

PMID- 398470
TI  - [Ultrastructural studies in the differential diagnosis of some non-Hodgkin's
      lymphatic neoplasms].

PMID- 398472
TI  - [Recent views on the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in childhood].

PMID- 398473
TI  - [A case of distal tubular acidosis with hyperreninemia and hyperaldosteronism].

PMID- 398474
TI  - [Surgical optimization of dental prosthesis stability].

PMID- 398475
TI  - [Legal aspects of the remuneration of doctors].

PMID- 398476
TI  - [Parallelism of the microbiological methods used for mineral water and drinking
      water].

PMID- 398478
TI  - Experimental dermatoplasty of skin defects with an absorbable bioplastic
      preparation.
AB  - Experimental dermatoplasty was performed with fibrin sponge preparation in the
      rabbit, during the course of which the whole skin thickness was substituted. The
      fibrin sponge was fixed to the skin-edges with surgical adhesive. The gradually
      absorbed fibrin was replaced by the migrating epithelium such that epithelization
      developed gradually. In special cases this method can be recommended for clinical
      purposes.

PMID- 398477
TI  - [Liquid silicones in reconstructive surgery of the tendons. Experimental
      studies].
AB  - The results of reconstruction of flexor tendons of the hand are not satisfactory
      despite many operative methods. Since 70 years different surgical methods were
      described from which only some found application and some are tested up to day.
      The classical surgical methods do not prevent adhesions of tendons to the
      surrounding tissues. Therefore studies were undertaken to proof the usefullnes
      and the specific properties of silicone fluids in the reconstructive tendon
      surgery. Examinations were done on 48 mongrel rabbits of both sexes on surgically
      exposed tendon of the gastrocnemius muscle. The animals were divided into two
      groups. In group I the tendon of the right extremity was covered with Medical
      Fluid 360, and in group II - with Silol F 350. Each group was divided into two
      subgroups. In subgroups IA and IIA the tendinous sheath was removed whereas in
      subgroups IB and IIB the tendon was also cut and sutured. The silicone fluids
      were spread in amount up to 1 ccm, and uniform coat on tendon surface resulted.
      On the left tendons 0.9% natrium chloride solution was spread for control. In
      both groups the dissections were performed 14, 30, 90, 180 days after the
      operation. The following criteria were applied to evaluate the results: - the
      appearance of extremities, the range of motility in knee and ankle joint, wound
      healing, - the macroscopic appearance of isolated tendons, - the degree of
      excursion measured in millimeters, - the appearance and degree of adhesion
      between the tendon and surrounding tissues. 800 histological preparations were
      made. They were evaluated in biological microscope with special attention to the
      dimension of tissue reaction. In histological examinations the differences in
      tissue reaction were stated between subgroups A and B of both groups. However, no
      differences were found dependent from the applied silicone in groups I and II. In
      the early period, around the siliconized tendon poorly cellular, not significant
      exudative reaction was found. This reaction changed afterwards into proliferative
      one, which led to the development of a new tendon sheath. These changes did not
      discriminate distinctly the flexibility of the examined tendon. After applying
      0.9% natrium chloride solution to uncovered tendon (control), adhesions of the
      tendon to surroundings were observed, which resulted in discrimination of
      tendon's flexibility. It was proved that silicone fluids applied to the sutured
      tendon (groups IB and IIB) did not handicap the healing process. The
      peritendinous adhesions were more intensive around the tendon's anastomosis than
      in the remaining tendon part. These adhesions were significantly smaller in
      comparison with the control extremities whose tendons were covered by0.9% natrium
      chloride solution. The application of small quantity of silicone fluids according
      to both up to day and own investigations do not cause local or general
      pathological changes...

PMID- 398479
TI  - Summary of laboratory studies on the antibacterial activity of cefaclor.
AB  - Laboratory aspects of cefaclor, a new orally-effective cephalosporin antibiotic,
      are summarized. On the basis of data from a variety of studies, the useful
      antibacterial spectrum of cefaclor is shown to include all classes of bacteria
      that are generally susceptible to cephalothin and cephalexin. Against many
      Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus sp. and Streptococcus pneumoniae, cefaclor has a
      significant potency advantage over cephalexin. Bacteria that are susceptible to
      cefaclor are killed by concentrations at or near the inhibitory concentration. In
      vitro enzymatic hydrolysis experiments have shown that cefaclor is a relatively
      good substrate for several beta-lactamases. Orally administered cefaclor is
      effective in protection of mice from the lethal effects of intraperitoneal
      challenges with cefaclor-susceptible bacteria. The chemical instability of
      cefaclor, test medium composition and inoculum density influence the results of
      in vitro susceptibility tests with cefaclor. Methods for routine susceptibility
      testing are described.

PMID- 398480
TI  - Cefaclor compared with amoxycillin acute otitis media with effusion: a
      preliminary report.
AB  - A double-blind, randomized clinical trial comparing cefaclor with amoxycillin in
      the treatment of acute otitis media with effusion (OME) in infants and children
      is being conducted at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. Although the
      randomization code has not yet been broken, the results of treating the first 55
      children are reported, since they appear to be of interest. Of the 62 ears with
      acute OME on which an initial tympanocentesis was performed, 41 positive cultures
      were isolated from the middle ear aspirates. Of the 10 ears from which
      Haemophilus influenzae was isolated, one had a type b strain, and of the
      remaining unencapsulated strains, one was resistant to both penicillin G and
      ampicillin. In the one ear from which Staphylococcus aureus was isolated, the
      organism was found to be resistant to ampicillin. However, all of the organisms
      were sensitive in vitro to cefaclor. In 88% of all subjects observed for the
      first 2 weeks, the initial symptomatic response was excellent. Six children had
      persistent signs and symptoms of acute OME and received a second tympanocentesis;
      however, none of the effusions from the repeat aspiration revealed an organism.
      An effusion was still present in 97% of the ears after 3 days, in 69% after 2
      weeks, and in 48% 6 weeks after initiation of the study. Tympanocentesis did not
      appear to affect either the initial clinical response or the persistence of
      effusion. There were no adverse reactions to either drug in this study. Because
      an apparent increase in the incidence of ampicillin-resistant strains of H.
      influenzae is being reported, and because of the presence of ampicillin-resistant
      S. aureus in some ears with acute OME, a new antimicrobial effective against all
      the common pathogens causing acute middle ear disease would be desirable. In this
      respect, the preliminary findings of treatment with cefaclor from this study
      appear promising.

PMID- 398481
TI  - The use of cefaclor in the treatment of beta-haemolytic streptococcal throat
      infections in children.
AB  - Cefaclor was used as a therapeutic agent in beta-haemolytic streptococcal throat
      infections in children in 3 separate studies. Although the numbers of patients in
      these ongoing studies are too small for valid statistical analysis, cefaclor was
      found to be (1) an effective agent in a dose of 20 mg/kg/day, (2) as effective as
      phenoxymethyl penicillin at identical dosages, and (3) equally effective at doses
      administered twice daily or thrice daily. It was well accepted by the patients,
      had minimal side effects, and produced no adverse effects in the peripheral
      blood.

PMID- 398482
TI  - Treatment of acute bronchitis and pneumonia with cefaclor.
AB  - An open, non-comparative clinical trial of cefaclor in adults with acute
      exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (54 patients) or pneumonia (24 patients) is
      reported. The dosage of cefaclor used was either 250 mg or 500 mg taken orally
      three times daily. Clinical cure was obtained in 39 of 42 (93%) of patients on
      the lower dose and 32 of 33 (97%) on the higher dose. Side effects were minimal
      and the antibiotic was very well tolerated. Microbiological evaluation was
      possible in 32 of 75 (43%) of patients in whom potential pathogens were
      identified before treatment. Microbiological 'cure' was achieved in 17 of 32
      (53%), the majority of whom had received the higher dose. The lack of correlation
      between the clinical and microbiological results cast further doubts on the value
      of the standard sputum culture methods in the diagnosis and management of lower
      respiratory tract infection. Cefaclor is useful in the management of acute lower
      respiratory tract infections by virtue of its excellent clinical efficacy and
      safety.

PMID- 398483
TI  - Comparison of cefaclor and amoxycillin in the treatment of urinary infections in
      a chronic disease hospital.
AB  - The clinical efficacy and safety of cefaclor, a new oral cephalosporin, was
      compared with that of amoxycillin in the treatment of lower urinary tract
      infections in 61 patients with chronic non-urinary tract disease. Thirty-six
      patients received cefaclor and 25 received amoxycillin doses of 250 mg every 8
      hours for 7 to 10 days. The therapeutic effectiveness of cefaclor was
      significantly better than that of amoxycillin, and it appeared to be well
      tolerated and free of adverse side effects. It produced no allergic reactions in
      4 patients with a history of penicillin allergy and was effective against
      Klebsiella strains resistant to the ampicillins. There was no evidence of any
      haematological, renal or hepatic toxicity from either drug at the dosage used.

PMID- 398484
TI  - Therapy with cefaclor: analysis of infections in 189 French patients.

PMID- 398485
TI  - Comparison of cefaclor and ampicillin in the treatment of shigellosis.
AB  - Fifty-four children with acute diarrhoea were treated orally with 50 mg/kg/day of
      either ampicillin in 4 divided doses, or with cefaclor in 3 divided doses for 5
      days. Shigella was isolated from the stool of 28 patients, 6 of whom were
      hospitalized. All isolates, including ampicillin-resistant strains, were
      susceptible in vitro to cefaclor. For ampicillin-sensitive infections, the
      clinical response and clearing of Shigella from stools appeared to occur more
      rapidly in patients treated with ampicillin than in those treated with cefaclor.
      In areas where ampicillin resistance is a problem, cefaclor appears not to be a
      drug of choice for the treatment of Shigella.

PMID- 398486
TI  - Laboratory and clinical studies of cefaclor in Japan.

PMID- 398487
TI  - Acute eosinophilic glomerulonephritis with Bancroftian filariasis.
AB  - A case is reported of Bancroftian filariasis and acute immune complex
      glomerulonephritis in a 44-year-old man. Renal biopsy showed microfilariae and
      large numbers of eosinophils in the glomeruli (eosinophilic glomerulonephritis).
      The absence of other aetiological factors suggests that the glomerulonephritis
      may have been of filarial origin.

PMID- 398488
TI  - [The 1st Novohispanic medical books].

PMID- 398489
TI  - [Comparison of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of diclofenac,
      sulindac and naproxen. Multicentric double blind study].

PMID- 398490
TI  - [Immunological aspects of insulin-dependent diabetes (author's transl)].

PMID- 398491
TI  - [Can health be damaged by consuming cannabis? (author's transl)].

PMID- 398492
TI  - Prostacyclin eliminates the bioincompatibility of charcoal haemoperfusion.
AB  - During charcoal haemoperfusion (CHP) in dogs, use of prostacyclin (PGI2) in
      addition to heparin reduced the loss of platelets (25 +/- 6 vs 83 +/- 2%), the
      formation of platelet aggregates as judged by screen filtration pressure (65 +/-
      6 vs 249 +/- 25mm Hg) and fibrinogen consumption (20 +/- 5 vs 46 +/- 6%).
      Prostacyclin also delayed neutralisation of heparin during CHP. This improvement
      of biocompatibility may now allow a proper assessment of CHP in liver failure.

PMID- 398493
TI  - Vasopressin response in haemodialysis patients.
AB  - Ten patients underwent repeated haemodialysis under circumstances of manipulated
      change in plasma osmolaity and blood volume. Basal plasma arginine vasopressin
      (AVP) levels were significantly higher than in normal controls, but no linear
      correlation between basal plasma osmolality and AVP levels was found. In 38 of 44
      studies there was an appropriate response of AVP to change in plasma osmolality
      or blood volume. We conclude that the quantitative response of AVP in dialysis
      patients is not linear and differs markedly as compared to normals. Changes in
      blood volume may play a more dominant role in the control of AVP release.

PMID- 398494
TI  - Hormonal response to volume depletion in non-nephrectomised patients on regular
      haemodialysis.
AB  - The hormonal response to volume depletion by isolated ultrafiltration has been
      studied in seven non-nephrectomised haemodialysis patients. The mean reduction in
      blood volume was 14%, and pulmonary artery wedge pressure reduction averaged 77%.
      No increments in heart rate were observed in any of the patients. Cardiac output
      decreased while systemic vascular resistance increased. Mean arterial blood
      pressure remained stable in all but two patients. Significant increments in
      plasma vasopressin concentration were only found during hypotensive episodes,
      while in the whole group no significant increase was found. Both plasma renin
      activity, plasma aldosterone and plasma cortisol increased significantly during
      isolated ultrafiltration. The moderate increase in systemic vascular resistance
      indicates that the peripheral sympathetic nervous system - at least partly - was
      functioning. It was, however, not correlated with changes in any of the measured
      hormones. Furthermore the adrenal and cardiac response appeared to be absent.

PMID- 398495
TI  - The effect of haemodialysis and transplantation on autonomic neuropathy.
AB  - Autonomic nerve function as measured by the Valsalva ratio and the blood pressure
      response to sustained hand grip, is impaired in chronic renal failure. Treatment
      with haemodialysis results in insignificant improvement in the Valsalva ratio and
      a trend towards improvement in the hand grip tests. Transplantation improves but
      does not return to normal the Valsalva ratio, whereas the hand grip test is
      rapidly restored to normal.

PMID- 398496
TI  - Peritoneal dialysis: physiology, current applications and future directions.
AB  - The peritoneal dialysis system is a sophisticated dialyser. It probably
      represents a capillary kidney regulating the number of capillaries perfused, the
      nature of capillaries perfused, and the overall permeability of its membranes.
      Its sophistication far exceeds that available with extracorporeal man-made
      haemodialysis systems. However, because of limited pore area and inaccessible
      fluid film resistances, it will never be an efficient dialyser for small solute
      removal. One way to overcome this intrinsic inefficiency is to utilise CAPD which
      trades efficiency for time. Our first two years of experience with CAPD have
      answered many initial questions, at least in a preliminary fashion. The future of
      CAPD has exciting potential, but many questions remain.

PMID- 398497
TI  - Membranes and haemodialysis.

PMID- 398498
TI  - How can HLA matching improve kidney graft survival?

PMID- 398499
TI  - Cyclosporin A in clinical kidney grafting from cadaver donors.

PMID- 398500
TI  - Specific suppression of rejection in renal transplantation.

PMID- 398501
TI  - The use of linear models to investigate the "centre effect" on graft survival.
AB  - First cadaver graft survival at 90 days in six UK centres was analysed, and found
      to differ widely between the centres (p less than 0.0005). Linear models were
      used to test whether these differences could be explained by other factors known
      to influence graft survival, such as age of recipients, tissue typing, blood
      group matching or year of graft. Adjusting for these factors singly and in
      various combinations did not reduce the significance of the "centre effect".
      These results held good both when deaths with a functioning graft within 90 days
      were treated as exclusions and also when they were treated as graft failures.

PMID- 398502
TI  - A study of paired necro kidney grafts.
AB  - The comparison of the fate of kidney pairs originating from the same donor offers
      an opportunity to control variability in primary kidney graft survival due to
      characteristics of the donor. The present study on 1,303 pairs was made possible
      by combining the information in the Scandiatransplant registry and the EDTA
      follow-up file. The analysis showed that, contrary to expectation, the main
      variability in kidney graft survival is not donor dependent but rather due to
      post-nephrectomy factors. By the present approach it was possible to demonstrate
      a significant effect of presensitisation, HLA-A,B matching and recipient age. In
      contrast, transportation, and differences in sex and ABO blood group combinations
      seem to be of no importance for kidney graft survival.

PMID- 398503
TI  - Orthopaedic complications of renal transplantation.
AB  - One hundred and eighty-one patients who underwent renal transplantation between
      1973 and 1979 have been reviewed. Thirty of these developed one or more
      orthopaedic complications. The commonest and most serious was avascular necrosis
      of bone and the treatment of 14 patients with this condition is described.
      Transplant recipients who developed this complication received twice the total
      dose of steroids in the six months after transplantation than a control group
      with no avascular necrosis. The management and pathology of patients with
      avascular necrosis is discussed.

PMID- 398504
TI  - The evolution of hyperlipidaemia late after renal transplantation.
AB  - We have evaluated the incidence, long term evolution and pathogenesis of
      posttransplant hyperlipidaemia (HL) in 88 transplanted patients without nephrotic
      syndrome followed for 2 to 13 years by the same staff. Incidence of HL decreased
      strikingly over the years from 51% at 2 years to 25% at 10 years. This fall was
      due solely to the return to normal of the lipid profile in 13 patients between 2
      and 8 years after transplantation. This progressive decrease should be taken into
      account when the frequency of posttransplantation dyslipaemia is assessed. The
      incidence of hyperlipidaemia increases with age. Above 40 years, hyperlipidaemia
      is more frequent in females than in males. Obesity and reduced renal function are
      both associated with a higher incidence of dyslipaemia. No relationship was found
      between lipid disorders and either steroid dosage or fasting blood glucose
      levels. Dyslipaemia appears thus to be due to the interplay of several factors.
      Normalisation of the lipid profile occurred in 13 patients without significant
      decrease in bodyweight, serum creatinine or prednisone dosage. At 8 years
      atheromatous lesions were not more frequent in dyslipaemic than in normolipaemic
      subjects.

PMID- 398505
TI  - Cadaveric kidney retransplantation, is it justified?
AB  - Results of 44 second cadaveric kidney transplantations are reported and compared
      with the results of 149 primary cadaveric transplantations. No difference in
      patient survival is observed. Patients with a non-immunological first graft
      failure (NIF) had a better two year second graft survival (60%) when compared
      with patients with an immunological first graft failure (IF) (20%). This
      difference was not due to a higher degree of presensitisation in the IF group.
      The use of scarce cadaveric kidneys for retransplantation in patients whose first
      graft was rejected is considered questionable.

PMID- 398506
TI  - Is it really worth re-transplanting patients?
AB  - Increasingly patients whose first renal transplant fails are being re
      transplanted. A study of patients in one unit was undertaken to assess whether
      second kidney grafts were as successful as first allografts and whether certain
      factors determined the outcome of secondary transplants. Second and subsequent
      grafting can be performed with confidence of a successful outcome provided a
      careful selection of patients is made. The outcome of subsequent grafts should
      show no significant difference from the overall results of first renal
      allografts.

PMID- 398507
TI  - Cadaveric graft survival, clinical course, blood transfusion, HLA (A and B)
      match, and DR match in adult patients transplanted in one centre.
AB  - The influence of blood transfusions, HLA, A and B, DR matching was studied in
      adult patients transplanted in one centre. The conclusions were: 1. Pre
      transplant blood transfusion(s) are a prerequisite for graft acceptance. 2. In
      transfused patients with no HLA A and B mismatch, there is only 8% graft loss due
      to irreversible rejection. 3. In transfused patients with a functioning graft
      after six months, a decrease in the number of reversible rejection crises is
      observed in patients with no HLA A and B mismatch or with identity for HLA B7 or
      HLA B8. 4. Identity for HLA B7 or B8 also gives a higher chance of a late onset
      of the first rejection crisis.

PMID- 398508
TI  - Prolongation of renal allograft survival in DLA-tissue typed beagles after third
      party leucocyte and erythrocyte transfusion.
AB  - In a dog model, both transfusion of leucocytes and of erythrocytes induced
      lymphocytotoxic antibodies. The results, obtained in DLA identical littermate and
      DLA nonidentical nonrelated beagle recipient pairs, suggest a correlation between
      DLA-type and lymphocytotoxic immune response. Two weeks after the last of three
      transfusions from different blood donors, kidneys from unrelated DLA-mismatched
      donrs were transplanted to the beagle recipients. A standard postoperative
      immunosuppressive regimen was given. No correlation between erythrocyte or
      leucocyte induced immune response was observed, but both erythrocyte as well as
      leucocyte transfusions significantly prolonged renal allograft survival as
      compared with nontransfused controls.

PMID- 398509
TI  - Anti-HLA immunisation in 130 haemodialysed patients.
AB  - Anti-HLA immunisation has been studied in 130 patients treated by haemodialysis
      between 1969 and 1978. Until 1977 blood transfusions were restricted (number of
      transfusions per patient averaged 3.42 units). However 50% of the patients were
      found to be immunised. The frequency of immunisation was higher in women patients
      (63%) than in men (39.7%). This difference shows a good correlation with the
      frequency of pregnancies (r = 0.849). The percentage of immunisation increases in
      parallel with the number of months of dialysis (r = 0.95). The capacity to
      eliminate HBS Ag seems to be related to the capacity for anti-HLA immunisation:
      64% of the patients transiently positive for HBS antigen develop anti-HLA
      antibodies and only 26.7% when antigenaemia is persistent. Since 1977, 24
      patients have been transfused with two units of whole blood once a week for three
      weeks, every six months. Antibodies appeared in only seven of them who had been
      transfused some years ago. The GLA system and transplantation play a small part.
      The age and the type of nephropathy seem to have no effect. A few patients
      developed antibodies for no apparent reason. Possibly bacterial or viral
      infections, or venous allografts were responsible.

PMID- 398510
TI  - Influence of the Lewis blood group system on clinical kidney transplantation.
AB  - The different Lewis phenotypes were determined retrospectively in 201 kidney
      transplant recipients. Transplant survival rates in Lewis compatible recipients
      were significantly higher (p less than 0.0005) than in Lewis incompatible
      recipients. The improvement of transplant prognosis by matching for Lewis
      antigens was confirmed by a prospective study comprising 55 donor/recipient
      combinations. HLA matching had little benefit on transplant survival whereas
      survival rates are strikingly increased by Lewis compatibility. In the Lewis
      compatible but HLA mismatched group, graft survival was definitely higher than in
      the HLA matched but Lewis mismatched group. Our data indicate that Lewis antigens
      play an important role in transplant prognosis. Compatibility in the Lewis system
      should therefore be considered when recipients are selected.

PMID- 398511
TI  - Use of thermography in kidney transplantation: two year follow up study in 75
      cases.
AB  - During a period of 24 months 75 renal transplant recipients were examined by
      thermography according to Tricoire. Thermography is a non-invasive, quickly
      available and reproducible method. Because of the 92% incidence of exact
      diagnosis this investigation is a helpful additional test in kidney
      transplantation for evaluation of graft function as well as for diagnosis of
      pathological intrarenal or perirenal disorders. Thermography is especially
      recommended for patients if postoperative haemodialysis is necessary. In these
      cases information can easily be achieved whether postoperative oligo-anuria is
      caused by acute tubular necrosis or by primary vascular insufficiency of the
      transplant.

PMID- 398512
TI  - Cadaveric renal graft acceptance without azathioprine.
AB  - After azathioprine withdrawal serum creatinine concentrations at the end of an
      observation period of up to 26 months were not significantly different from the
      previous values in five out of seven patients with good transplant function.
      Patients with chronic rejection showed a constant rate of loss of transplant
      function, assessed by a straight line relationship between the logarithm of serum
      creatinine and time. After stopping azathioprine, however, there was no break in
      the slope of the curve in five out of six patients. Azathioprine withdrawal may
      be compatible with good long-term graft acceptance. Azathioprine seems to be of
      little value in the management of chronic renal rejection.

PMID- 398513
TI  - Low dose steroid from the day following renal transplantation.
AB  - Azathioprine combined with a low dose of steroid (20mg of prednisolone)
      commencing the day following transplantation has been used for immunosuppression
      for 151 consecutive renal transplants in 141 patients (146 cadaver grafts, 5
      living related donor grafts). Immunosuppression was satisfactory as 109 grafts
      function from 6 months to 10 years, 17 of 42 grafts lost failed from rejection.
      No patient died from infection before 90 days, 4 died later from infection, 2
      associated with anti-rejection therapy. Seven patients developed gastrointestinal
      complications, 1 died; 4 developed diabetes, all survived; only 1 patient
      developed avascular necrosis of bone.

PMID- 398514
TI  - Factors responsible for the functional pattern of cadaveric kidneys stored up to
      25 hours before transplantation.
AB  - The functional outcome after the transplantation of 97 cadaveric kidneys stored
      up to 25 hours with simple hypothermia was analysed in relation to age of donor,
      extent of pre-agonal kidney damage, the length of warm, cold and standardised
      ischaemic times and the presence of multiple renal arteries. Analysis of various
      factors showed that the most important for function after transplantation were
      pre-agonal anoxic damage and the ratio of the cold/warm ischaemia time. Based on
      that observation, a diagram has been proposed which allows calculation of the
      safe cold storage time after retrieval of the kidney.

PMID- 398515
TI  - Pretransplant cytotoxic antibodies do not segregate kidney transplant recipients
      into responder and non-responder groups.
AB  - In a study of 687 primary cadaver transplants, we found no correlation between
      the degree of presensitisation and graft survival. Graft survival was adversely
      affected in non-transfused recipients and was significantly improved in
      trnasfused recipients, independent of the level of presensitisation (63%, 61%,
      67% at one year for patients with 0-10%, 11-50%, and 51-100% preformed cytotoxic
      antibodies, respectively). Humoral presensitisation to HLA antigens does not
      reflect the immunoresponsiveness of the host to the renal allograft, but it may
      prolong the wait for a compatible donor kidney.

PMID- 398517
TI  - Pretransplant T cell levels and renal allograft survival.
AB  - Total rosette forming cell (TRFC) levels were measured in 50 paediatric patients
      awaiting cadaveric renal transplantation. Preliminary data show a statistically
      significant difference in allograft survival in patients with low TRFC levels
      pretransplant as compared with patients with medium or high TRFC levels.
      Pretransplant TRFC levels may be predictive of a non-responder status and portend
      a favourable renal allograft outcome.

PMID- 398516
TI  - Endothelial antibodies in renal transplantation.
AB  - Sera of 97 consecutive transplant recipients were studied for the presence of
      antibodies directed against their renal allografts. A highly significant
      correlation (p less than 0.001) was found between irreversible rejection and
      donor-specific endothelial antibodies (EAb). EAb reacted not only with the
      endothelium of peritubular capillaries and venules, but also with glomeruli.
      Absorption of EAb to platelets, B- or T-lymphocytes did not remove its EAb
      activity or its cytotoxicity for monocytes. Furthermore, it was shown with a
      panel of randomly chosen donor kidneys, that EAb are directed against a
      polymorphic system of endothelial-monocyte antigens, which is unrelated to HLA-A,
      -B, -C or -D.

PMID- 398518
TI  - Prospects for prevention of chronic renal failure.

PMID- 398519
TI  - Prevention of renal disease.

PMID- 398521
TI  - Peptide hormones: renal handling and dialysis therapy.
AB  - For uraemic diabetics the loss of insulin by dialysis with highly permeable
      membranes has clinical relevance. We investigated renal handling (in isolated
      perfused rat kidneys) of insulin and c-peptide and their dialytic clearances and
      sieving coefficients using cuprophan and polyacrylonitrile membranes. Rat kidney
      catabolic clearances were five times (insulin) and 12 times (c-peptide) greater
      than urinary clearances and twice inulin clearance. Cuprophan membrane was found
      to be virtually impermeable for both hormones. Polyacrylonitrile sieving
      coefficients were 0.3 (insulin) and 0.4 (c-peptide). Both hormones are filtered
      as well as tubularly and peritubularly catabolised in the kidney. Insulin removal
      during dialysis and haemofiltration with polyacrylonitrile membranes has to be
      considered in treating uraemic diabetics.

PMID- 398520
TI  - Urinary tract stone disease.
AB  - Patients suffering from urinary stone are traditionally referred to a surgeon.
      Most are investigated only as far as establishing the site of the stone and its
      effect on renal function. Although a number of patients may require surgery, the
      majority pass the stone spontaneously and are discharged within a few days. If
      the patient has a recurrence, as most eventually have, it is not routine practice
      to establish the type of stone, screen for underlying disease, identify the
      urinary abnormalities or to institute preventive medical treatment. Although it
      was considered that surgery itself had something to offer in reducing the
      recurrence rate this is no longer generally held except in infected stone
      disease. Nevertheless it is still uncommon to involve a physician, and in
      particular a nephrologist, in the investigation and management of urinary stone
      formers. Urinary stone disease still remains, to a large extent, outside the
      field of nephrology.

PMID- 398522
TI  - Pathogenesis of hypophosphataemia in kidney necrograft recipients: a controlled
      trial.

PMID- 398523
TI  - Handling of phosphate by the transplanted kidney.
AB  - Maximal tubular phosphate reabsorption capacity corrected for changes in
      glomerular filtration rate (TmP/GFR) was taken as a measure of renal phosphate
      handling in patients with good and stable functioning kidney allografts. TmP/GFR
      values were within the normal range in only one-fifth of the patients. Eighty per
      cent had an abnormally low renal phosphate threshold concentration. Persistent
      hyperparathyroidism was the causative factor of this diminished tubular
      reabsorption in less than half of these patients, the majority of them showing an
      iPTH independent phosphate leak. Although glucocorticoids, azathioprine and
      tubular damage of the graft in the perioperative phase may contribute to this
      iPTH independent phosphate wasting, no single causative factor could be
      identified. Cases with hypophosphataemia should be treated in order to avoid
      symptoms of phosphate depletion. Active Vitamin D metabolites would be the
      therapy of choice by suppressing the parathyroid glands ("chemical PTX") and by
      directly enhancing tubular phosphate reabsorption. In persistent
      hyperpathyroidism with hypercalcaemia, surgical parathyroidectomy must be
      considered. Therapy with phosphate salts is only symptomatic and should be used
      only as an adjunct.

PMID- 398525
TI  - Post-transplant hyperparathyroidism: retained control by serum Ca++.

PMID- 398524
TI  - The relationship between disturbed metabolism of vitamin D and bone disease in
      chronic renal failure.
AB  - Following the discovery that the kidney is involved in the metabolism of vitamin
      D, a causal relationship has been sought between defective production of 1,25
      dihydroxy vitamin D3 and bone disease in chronic renal failure. This paper
      reviews some of the clinical evidence for and against such a relationship, and
      considers the possible role of other vitamin D metabolites in the pathophysiology
      of renal bone disease.

PMID- 398526
TI  - Vasodepressive effect of parathyroid hormone in post-transplant blood pressure
      regulation.

PMID- 398527
TI  - Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) blood flow in chronic haemodialysis patients (CHP):
      comparison of results obtained by the dye-dilution method (OAVF) and by
      variations in cardiac output during temporary occlusion of the AVF (delta QC).

PMID- 398528
TI  - Glucose tolerance in patients on haemodialysis, sequential ultrafiltration and
      dialysis and haemofiltration.

PMID- 398529
TI  - [On the 30th anniversary of the founding of the German Democratic Republic: the
      impact of Fritz Gietzelt on radiology and the campaign against cancer].

PMID- 398530
TI  - Evaluation of mutagenicity of metronidazole and mizonidazole on the base of
      lambda prophage induction and Ames test.

PMID- 398531
TI  - Secretory processes in the mammalian pinealocyte under natural and experimental
      conditions.

PMID- 398532
TI  - Comparative morphology of the vertebrate pineal complex.

PMID- 398533
TI  - Short history of pineal discovery and research.

PMID- 398534
TI  - Pineal-brain relationship.

PMID- 398535
TI  - Modification of the electrical activity of hypothalamic neurones by pineal
      indoles.

PMID- 398536
TI  - Innervation of the vertebrate pineal.

PMID- 398537
TI  - Comparative immunohistochemical, radioimmunological and biological attempt to
      identify arginine-vasotocin (AVT) in the pineal gland of reptiles and fishes.

PMID- 398538
TI  - Participation of modified nucleosides in translation and transcription.

PMID- 398539
TI  - [Dental porcelain].

PMID- 398540
TI  - [Methodology of a waxing technic, revestment, draught and thermic treatment for
      ceramometallic restorations].

PMID- 398541
TI  - [Anatomy of papilla and intra-renal reflux: microradiographic and histologic
      investigations (author's transl)].
AB  - After a group of autoptic kidneys, taken from new-born babies, had been injected
      via the ureter with micronised barium at various pressures, they were examined
      micro-radiographically and histologically in order to observe the appearance of
      intra-renal reflux and the anatomical structures involved. The radiological
      patterns, clinically observed during cysto-uretrography, were also considered.
      The intra-renal reflux is tubular, when injection is carried out at a low
      pressure, whereas at higher pressures one can observe the erosion of the fornices
      of the calyces and the following sino-lymphatic and/or venous drainage.

PMID- 398542
TI  - [Complications in kidney transplant donors].

PMID- 398543
TI  - [Pregnancy after renal transplant].

PMID- 398544
TI  - [Influence of uremic serum on cell migration "in vitro"].

PMID- 398545
TI  - [In memoriam Oswaldo Cruz].

PMID- 398546
TI  - [New technic for the taking of intrauterine bacteriological specimens].

PMID- 398547
TI  - [Ovum transport in women treated with ritodrine and ergonovine].

PMID- 398548
TI  - [I.P.P.B. therapy at home in chronic respiratory insufficiency in France. I.
      Survey method. Description of the prescribers. 1960-1977 prescription evolution
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to assess the usage of IPPB therapy at home in chronic respiratory
      insufficiency in France, a mail survey has been conducted among 2,062 chest
      physicians and physicians involved in intensive care. The response rate was 57%.
      Among those caring for chronic respiratory insufficient patients, 296, i.e. 38%,
      have prescribed IPPB to 3,778 patients from 1960 till 1977. A study among a
      sample of the non-spontaneous-responders allows the estimation of about 400
      physicians who prescribed IPPB on the whole for France at this time. Those who
      prescribed, worked more often in hospital though 4% had only a private practice.
      Those involved in intensive care prescribed more often than the chest physicians
      (47% versus 37%). The development of this therapy was different according to the
      different regions in France. But, in a general way, the prescription of IPPB at
      home particularly spread out since 1975, 65% of all the prescriptions have been
      done in 1975, 76, 77.

PMID- 398550
TI  - [Assisted ventilation at home for chronic respiratory insufficient patients in
      the Languedoc-Roussillon area (357 observations) (author's transl)].
AB  - Up to May 31, 1978, 357 patients with restrictive (77 cases), obstructive (138
      cases) or mixed (142 cases) respiratory insufficiency were given assisted
      ventilation at home. Only those patients whose PaCO2 could not be stabilized by
      drug therapy, physical therapy and/or oxygenotherapy, were selected. Seventy-five
      tracheostomized patients were ventilated endotracheally using a volume generator
      with fixed frequency in an 8-hour session during sleep. Two hundred and eighty
      two subjects were ventilated through a mouth-piece using either a volume
      generator with synchronizable frequency or a pressure relaxator (self-regulated
      ventilation) distributed in several day-time session for a total of 4 hours
      daily. Six months after the onset of home ventilation, a marked decrease of PaCO2
      is observed in all the groups regardless of the ventilation method. This
      improvement is maintained after wards. Furthermore, a decrease in the average
      length of hospitalization is noted. After 2 years the survival percentage is
      77.7%; after 5 years it is 52.3%. The patients who benefit most from assisted
      ventilation are those suffering from restrictive respiratory insufficiency
      submitted to endotracheal ventilation (more than 70% of survivals after 9 years).
      Long-term results are not so good for the obstructive or mixed respiratory
      insufficiencies, especially when an important bronchospasm and/or a large
      bronchorrhea is present.

PMID- 398549
TI  - [Preliminary report and indications of assisted ventilation at home (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Two uses of intermittent positive pressure can be distinguished: one supports
      inhalotherapy and the other longterm assisted ventilation. The apparatus can be
      connected to the patient either through mouth-piece or by tracheostomy. The main
      factors involved in the indication of assisted ventilation are the number of
      acute failures, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, cor pulmonale. In our department, 53
      patients were kept under prolonged supervision before a decision was made to use
      assisted ventilation or not. This attitude seems absolutely necessary. An oxygen
      test of several hours provides very useful information. Finally, the authors
      review the indication of various ventilation methods (tracheostomy, oral) in
      relation to different chronic respiratory insufficiency etiologies (ie., chronic
      obstructive broncho-pneumonia, restrictive syndrome).

PMID- 398552
TI  - [Tracheostomy for long-term ventilatory assistance. About 22 observations of
      severe chronic respiratory insufficiency (author's transl)].
AB  - 22 patients with severe respiratory insufficiency were treated by definitive
      tracheostomy for intermittent ventilatory assistance. Early mortality is heavy
      (9/22 before three months). After three months, the respiratory condition of
      patients improved greatly and survival rate is good. Tracheostomy is too often
      delayed and realized at the bad time of a severe acute respiratory failure.

PMID- 398551
TI  - [Indications of home assisted ventilation by tracheostomy for non-paralytic
      chronic respiratory insufficient patients (author's transl)].
AB  - Based on a 15-year study, the indication of assisted ventilation at home is
      discussed. It depends on the seriousness of the C.R.I. (dyspnea, repeated acute
      failures, PaCO2 greater than or equal to 55 Torr). The only possible course is
      ventilation by tracheostomy. The best indication is represented by pure
      restrictive syndromes. On the contrary, the indication should be considered with
      extreme caution in obstructive syndromes.

PMID- 398554
TI  - [Problems raised by the technique and supervision of home ventilation of chronic
      respiratory insufficient patients (author's transl)].
AB  - The effectiveness of assisted ventilation at home, especially in the case of
      tracheostomized patients, has been nearly established at the present time. The
      experience of various centers in France, having or not the support of an
      independent structured organization, shows that the setting-up and supervision of
      such therapy can be effectively carried out. Nevertheless, difficult choices
      remain. Some indications are still questionable, such as the choice of the
      respirator if the patient has not been tracheostomized. The type of organization
      is not univocal and could perhaps depend on the number of patients to be cared
      for. In any case, in the years to come, the experience of the different teams and
      the technical progress made will lead to a solution to the problems raised: a
      decrease in the number of hospitalizations and more comfort for the patients can
      be hoped for.

PMID- 398553
TI  - [Home assisted ventilation for patients suffering from silicosis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - One hundred and seventy-five patients suffering from silicosis benefitted from
      home assisted ventilation at the rate of 5 minutes per hour every hour. This
      treatment led to a decrease in hospitalizations and increased the comfort of the
      patients.

PMID- 398555
TI  - [IPPB therapy at home in chronic respiratory insufficiency in France. II.
      Indications. Technics and surveillance (author's transl)].
AB  - A survey has been conducted among French chest physicians and physicians involved
      in intensive care. 296 physicians have prescribed IPPB at home to 3 778 patients
      with chronic respiratory insufficiency between 1960 and 1977. Acute respiratory
      failure was the first criteria considered in the indications (57% of the
      patients); hypercapnia, hypoxemia and right heart failure episode frequency were
      the other criteria of severity the most often taken into account. Since 1960, the
      indications among those with airflow obstruction have decreased, whereas they
      have increased for those with restrictive insufficiencies, expressing the
      questions raised about the efficacy of IPPB in these two types. 18% of the
      patients have had IPPB through tracheostomy canula. 70% of the patients have used
      a pressure cycling respirator and 30% a volume or flow cycling respiratory. This
      second type was quite always used in the case of IPPB through canula. Oxygen was
      added for half of the patients. The physicians have regularly followed the
      patients. Great importance was accorded to home care surveillance.

PMID- 398556
TI  - [Technic and supervision of home assisted ventilation (H.A.V.) in tracheostomized
      chronic respiratory insufficient (C.R.I.) patients (author's transl)].
AB  - With 200 patients during the last 15 years the daily use of apparatus and
      supervision modalities, as described in the present work, has shown that H.A.V.
      is entirely possible in tracheostomized C.R.I. patients. Rather strict conditions
      must be respected (as with hemodialysis at home) if H.A.V. is to be medically and
      materially successful. The expenses involved can vary greatly according to the
      medical and material management (choice of study material, economic maintenance,
      minimal oxygen consumption through proper adjustment...). Finally, the use of
      assisted ventilation requires a choice amont several adjustment possibilities
      which are still subject to evolution.

PMID- 398557
TI  - [Two-year assisted ventilation at home experiment study of 15 patients (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Assisted ventilation at home requiring volume relaxators affected 15 patients
      suffering from a restrictive syndrome (cyphoscoliosis or after effects of
      tuberculosis). The blood gases of 8 patients who had been looked after for more
      than one year, at home by the physio-therapist and in hospital by repeated
      controls, improved (especially the PaO2). The most important fact is the
      noteworthy decline in the annual time of hospitalisation.

PMID- 398558
TI  - [Study of home ventilation in severe respiratory insufficient patients (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Results of our study of 91 cases show that many indications of ventilation at
      home are debatable:--Tracheostomized patients submitted to continuous ventilation
      with short disconnected periods;--Patients using the respiratory apparatus more
      than 4--6 hours per day, through a mouth-piece. The existence of a reserve
      closely related to the intensive care department and mobile emergency unit
      (S.A.M.U.) facilitates supervision and eventual technical or medical assistance.
      In addition, the running cost remains small because of the adaptability of the
      system. However, it seems of interest to point out a group of 11 patients whose
      treatment was interrupted either because of their improvement (physical therapy,
      suppression of tobacco mainly), inadequate indications, or poor cooperation.

PMID- 398559
TI  - [Application of residual positive pressure during assisted ventilation at home
      using pressure relaxator devices (author's transl)].
AB  - A residual postive pressure (R.P.P.) of low magnitude (1 to 4 cm of water) was
      used during assisted ventilation by pressure relaxator in an attempt to decrease
      the expiratory dynamic compression of the airways. A ventilatory test involving
      80 respiratory insufficient patients (73 men and 7 women) shows that with
      assistance the tidal volume of half of the subjects increased by more than 20%
      (average gain: 32%). The patients with the highest RV/TC ratio benefitted most
      from the method. Finally, the arterial blood gases were not significantly
      modified. A longitudinal study involving 46 subjects observed for an average
      period of 24 months revealed a marked subjective improvement in the patients'
      condition without significant modification of the blood gas figures. No incident
      or accident was attributed to the use of R.P.P.

PMID- 398560
TI  - [Intermittent ventilatory assistance with mouth-piece (respirator of volumetric
      type): optical technique of reeducation (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors describe an optical technique enabling patients with chronic
      respiratory insufficiency, at first to get used to assisted ventilation, then to
      control it, to obtain an active ventilation operated by machine corresponding to
      a particular shape of the pressure curve and the lesser haemodynamic
      repercussion.

PMID- 398562
TI  - [Possible role of committees concerned with the fight against tuberculosis and
      respiratory diseases in home ventilatory assistance of severe chronic respiratory
      insufficient patients (author's transl)].
AB  - It appeared that the departmental committees involved in the fight against
      tuberculosis and respiratory diseases were qualified to bring assistance to
      severe chronic respiratory insufficient (C.R.I.) patients. This modified course
      of action replaces their previous struggle against tuberculosis due to its
      recession. In Seine-Maritime the committee has signed an agreement with the
      principal Social Security organizations. This agreement defines the modalities
      and cost of home care for severe C.R.I. patients who have been tracheostomized
      permanently and whose condition justifies the continuation of assisted
      ventilation. Contingent on certain medical and socio-family conditions, the
      return home of such patients is possible. Thus in 15 years we have been able to
      benefit 72 patients with assisted endo-tracheal ventilation at home. Thirty-two
      of them are actually still living.

PMID- 398561
TI  - [Mode of action and results of home assisted ventilation. Study by the
      Association of Aid to Respiratory Insufficient Patients of Basse-Normandie from
      1976 to 1978 (author's transl)].
AB  - Since 1970, 168 patients, mostly of the obstructive type, received an apparatus
      of assisted ventilation at home, according to the degree of their hypoxia
      hypercapnia, following one or several acute failures. Oral ventilation, at a
      daily minimum of 90 min, distributed in 4 to 8 sessions, was continued for
      variable duration, from 1 to 5 years. The results, analysed statistically for 40
      subjects, show a blood-gas improvement greater in patients whose PaO2, PaCO2 and
      RV/TC ratio were initially lower. For 17 patients controlled before and after
      assisted ventilation at home, a reduction in the number of days of
      hospitalization and acute failures was observed. The cost involved was
      particulary economical because of the simplicity of the equipment and the
      possibilities of control of patients and apparatus at the C.H.U. (20 F monthly in
      1977 for 145 selected patients).

PMID- 398563
TI  - [Technique and supervision of home assisted ventilation (author's transl)].
AB  - Based on data obtained from 260 patients ventilated through a mouth-piece,
      several notions concerning equipment and supervision requirements have become
      clear.--In our opinion, the indications should not be reserved for extremely
      severe patients; in their case cardiac complications are constant in spite of
      usual treatment. These patients, most often respiratory encephalopathic, are not
      very receptive to the "directions for use" of home assisted ventilation.--On the
      contrary, chronic hypoxia-hypercapnia, whatever its origin, accompanied by slight
      or transitory cardiac signs, has much more chance of being treated successfully.-
      The adaptation of the patient to the respirator before his release from the
      hospital must be worked out until a clinical and biological improvement can be
      obtained, at the risk of probable failure.--Supervision at home should disclose
      any alteration in the patient's clinical condition. It can only be carried out by
      the conjoined visits of the practicing doctor, nurse, technician, etc. The
      contacts between the practicing doctor and the hospital physician should be
      frequent. The ideal solution is systematic visits to the hospital.

PMID- 398564
TI  - [Mode of action and results of long-term assisted ventilation at home of chronic
      respiratory insufficient patients (author's transl)].
AB  - It is generally agreed that one assisted ventilation session has direct effects
      in chronic respiratory insufficiencies (C.R.I.) of chronic obstructive pulmonary
      diseases: hyperventilation where PaCO2 decreases and PaO2 increases, diminution
      of ventilatory work, reduction of cardiac output. Less is known, however, about
      the action on V and Q distribution and mechanics of breathing. The return to
      control values occurs quite rapidly after the end of the session. Long-term
      effects are much more questionable. Many publications in English have concluded
      that ona long-term basis, patients do not benefit from intermittent positive
      pressure. But, the daily assisted ventilation sessions usually lasted only a
      short time (1 h-1 h 30 in several sessions). According to a number of
      publications in French, assistance prolonged for several hours seems effective
      (decrease in the number of acute failures, annual hospitalization duration, more
      prolonged survival). However, a tracheostomy which enables assistance at night is
      often required. Results seem encouraging in the treatment of severe restrictive
      insufficiencies and particularly in the case of cyphoscoliotic patients. On the
      other hand, it is more difficult to draw a conclusion concerning chronic
      obstructive patients and further comparative studies are necessary in this
      direction.

PMID- 398566
TI  - [Psychological aspects of ventilatory assistance for severe chronic respiratory
      insufficient patients (author's transl)].
AB  - A study based on psychological interviews allows the definition of the subjective
      effect of assisted ventilation. This effect should take into account the
      subjective state of patients and the obligations of the treatment. It is thus
      possible to consider the psychological conditions of effectiveness of home
      assisted ventilation.

PMID- 398565
TI  - [Results of home assisted ventilation of non-paralytic and tracheostomized
      chronic respiratory insufficient patients (author's transl)].
AB  - The following results have been obtained from a study of 118 tracheostomized
      patients ventilated at home: --Survival on the whole is generally prolonged. -
      The prognosis of tracheostomized subjects with restrictive syndrome is totally
      modified in length and quality when the patients are ventilated. --In the case of
      obstructive syndrome, the length and quality of survival are probably increased.
      However, it seems that assisted ventilation at home leads only to the
      disappearance of asphyxiating paroxysms and right cardiac failure. It does not
      seem to prevent the unrelenting evolution of the disease.

PMID- 398567
TI  - [Long-term results of intermittent ventilatory assistance for 74 severe
      obstructive chronic respiratory insufficient patients (PaCO2 greater than 50
      Torr) ventilated for more than a year (author's transl)].
AB  - From 1967 to 1978, home assisted ventilation (HAD) was applied to 74 severe
      chronic respiratory insufficient patients (67 COPD-7 restrictive). These patients
      used volume generators through mouth piece, except 3 of them who had a
      tracheostomy. The main results of this study are a highly statistically
      significant decrement (P less than 0,001) of the hospitalization durations and of
      the frequency of ARF, as well as an improvement of the survival duration in front
      of a non-tested group, and a significant decrease of haematocrit (less than 0,05)
      and P.V.R. (P less than 0,01). But blood gases and functional tests are not
      statistically different. Age (greater than 55 years) and delay after first ARF
      (greater than 2 years) when starting HAD are considered as pejorative factors.

PMID- 398568
TI  - [Nine-year study of home assisted ventilation in cases of severe respiratory
      handicap (author's transl)].
AB  - When other treatments fail, the prognosis of some chronic respiratory
      insufficient patients with frequently occurring failures improved when a
      tracheostomy canula was installed and connected to a respiratory for several
      hours a day. The even partial correction of blood gas disorders avoids a relapse
      in right cardiac failure and enables home care of the patient who can resume
      formerly abandonned activities. Home assisted ventilation greatly modifies the
      somatic and psychological condition of the patient and requires excellent
      cooperation by the family and strict technical supervision, at the risk of
      failure.

PMID- 398569
TI  - [Non-rheumatic pathology of the mitral apparatus in adults].

PMID- 398570
TI  - [Reciprocal relations between bacteriuria, urinary infections, pyelonephritis and
      interstitial nephropathies].

PMID- 398571
TI  - [Therapy of senile osteoporosis with porcine extraction calcitonin in
      paraphysiological doses].

PMID- 398572
TI  - [Hypoglycemia in childhood. Nosographic classification and diagnostic and
      therapeutic criteria].

PMID- 398573
TI  - [Modification of the perforated impression tray to allow digital impressions on a
      level with the premolar-molar region without damage to the material and quality
      of the impression (alginate in particular)].

PMID- 398574
TI  - [Laterality in total dentures].

PMID- 398575
TI  - [Periodontal prosthesis].

PMID- 398576
TI  - [Critique of the given aesthetic. A new criteria: the anterior arc of dental
      harmony (author's transl)].

PMID- 398578
TI  - Bacteriophages of Bacteroides.
AB  - Sixty-eight bacteriophages specific for nine species (DNA homology groups) of
      Bacteroides were isolated from sewage. Four distinct morphological types were
      isolated, three of which had not previously been described. Attempts to use these
      phages to transduce Bacteroides fragilis were unsuccessful. A total of 91 phage
      susceptible strains of Bacteroides were used with these phages in a study of the
      feasibility of developing a scheme for identification of Bacteroides species.
      Blind trials were performed with 10 B. fragilis-specific phages and a collection
      of over 200 bacterial strains, including 144 strains of B. fragilis. Of the
      strains of B. fragilis, 78% were identified correctly within 24 hr. A phage
      carrier state, or pseudolysogeny, was observed with most of the phage-host
      systems, and this state was studied in detail with B. fragilis phage Bf-1. The
      presence of a thick capsule around some cells in a pure culture of a host strain
      appears to render these cells resistant to phage infection, thus perpetuating the
      carrier state. It is suggested that such capsules may play a role in the
      virulence of strains of Bacteroides.

PMID- 398577
TI  - Taxonomy, enzymes, and clinical relevance of anaerobic bacteria.
AB  - Present systems for the classification of anaerobic bacteria have eliminated many
      of the problems of earlier systems. There are still a number of major problems
      that require attention, however. Anaerobic bacteria produce many different
      enzymes that are of importance in providing nutrients to the bacterial cell, as
      virulence factors, and in permitting organisms to colonize or survive under
      adverse conditions (including exposure to antimicrobial agents). Some enzymes
      effect several types of modifications to bile acids, neutral steroids, and
      corticosteroids. Anaerobes are clearly important in a variety of infections in
      humans and animals as well as in various other types of pathologic processes.

PMID- 398579
TI  - Antibody response to anaerobic bacteria.
AB  - Anaerobes, especially the gram-negative non-spore-forming bacilli of the
      indigenous biota, are recognized as important agents of clinical infection;
      however, information regarding human antibodies to anaerobes is limited. Sporadic
      work, employing agglutination, gel diffusion, passive hemagglutination, and
      immunofluorescence, demonstrated antibody response to various Bacteroidaceae in
      patients with infections caused by Bacteroides or Fusobacterium. Because of the
      need for using homologous (autologous) isolates and the apparent antigenic
      heterogeneity of strains, there has been no general clinical application of these
      findings. Increased concentrations of antibodies to anaerobic intestinal
      organisms in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases have been found; however, it is
      unclear whether these are the effect or cause of these conditions. Natural
      antibodies to Bacteroidaceae, primarily of the IgM class, are widely distributed
      in normal humans; thus for serologic diagnosis IgG antibodies should  be sought.
      Radioimmunoassays and various immunoelectorphoretic methods for detection of both
      antibody and antigen are presently being evaluated for diagnostic use in
      infections due to anaerobic bacteria.

PMID- 398580
TI  - [Comparative study of technics for the closure of large duodenal wounds: an
      experimental study].

PMID- 398581
TI  - [Partial nephrectomy in urinary fistula following a kidney transplant].

PMID- 398583
TI  - [Neurinomas of the acoustic nerve and surgery with the suboccipital approach. A
      study of 70 cases].
AB  - The Authors report 70 cases of medium and large size acoustic neuromas, operated
      on using the suboccipital approach, the only one which allows their total
      extirpation. Total extirpation was performed in 77% of the patients. The Authors
      analyze the clinical picture, the neuroradiological diagnostic procedures and the
      surgical techniques used in the treatment of these lesions.

PMID- 398582
TI  - [An attempt at detecting Capillaria hepatica infection in man].

PMID- 398584
TI  - [Various aspects of the behavior of wild strains of Trypanosoma cruzi in mice and
      Calomys callosus (Rodentia)].

PMID- 398585
TI  - [Diagnosis of canine rabies. I. Comparison of saliva and brain samples].

PMID- 398586
TI  - [A study of new dental casting Co-Fe-Ni alloys (author's transl)].

PMID- 398587
TI  - [Clinical study on the position of arrangement of anterior artificial teeth (1st
      report)--position of incisal edge of upper central incisor (author's transl)].

PMID- 398589
TI  - [Casting accuracy of cast crowns by many patterns investing method (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398588
TI  - [A clinico-pathological study on pulpal reaction of enamel etching with
      phospholic acid solution at various concentrations (author's transl)].

PMID- 398590
TI  - [Clinical study on the position of arrangement of anterior artificial teeth (2nd
      report)--position of upper canine (author's transl)].

PMID- 398591
TI  - [Clinical study on impression for denture basal surface (1st report). Largeness
      of escape hole in individual tray (author's transl)].

PMID- 398592
TI  - [Experimental study on free autogenous nerve grafting of inferior alveolar nerve.
      1. Suture methods and suture materials (author's transl)].

PMID- 398593
TI  - [The effect of various metal bases in orthodontic direct bonding on the adhesive
      strength (author's transl)].

PMID- 398594
TI  - [Effect of metal surface preparation on bubbles in metal-ceramics (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398595
TI  - [Some consideration on the preparation of gold recovery (part 2) (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398596
TI  - [Aspects of drug therapy in private practice].

PMID- 398597
TI  - A pictorial history. Part III--dentistry in the Middle Ages--no. 1.

PMID- 398598
TI  - A pictorial history of dentistry (the Middle Ages)--no. 2.

PMID- 398599
TI  - A pictorial history: Part V--dentistry in the renaissance--no. 1.

PMID- 398600
TI  - Mechanisms of resistance and hypersensitivity in herpes simplex keratitis.
AB  - Laboratory studies show that systemic immunity protects the corneal epithelium
      against herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, this protection probably being
      humoral in origin. It can be shown that hyperimmune gammaglobulin (HGG) has a
      similar protective action when instilled up to 2 hours after the induction of the
      ulcerative disease. Topical steroids enhance proliferation of HSV in epithelial
      disease, but at low dilutions there is some evidence that resistance is enhanced.
      Human studies of systemic immunity show that there is a response in cell-mediated
      immunity (CMI) after primary and recurrent ulcerative disease. Certain patients
      with severe stromal keratitis have evidence of CMI deficiency compared to
      controls or to patients with epithelial disease. To prevent virus spread into the
      stroma, early use of antiviral therapy is essential. Stromal disease does not
      only represent a hypersensitivity phenomenon, but is probably associated with
      virus proliferation in the keratocytes. Potent steroid medication will
      theoretically deplete immuno-protective responses, and promote further virus
      proliferation. Therefore the lowest possible concentrations achieving a clinical
      response should be employed.

PMID- 398601
TI  - Xenon arc photocoagulation in the treatment of diabetic maculopathy.

PMID- 398602
TI  - Enigma of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. A comparative study of clinical and
      immunological findings.
AB  - The clinical and immunological findings in 22 cases of ocular cicatricial
      pemphigoid are presented. Males and females were equally affected. Mucosal
      ulceration (both conjunctival and oral) and early involvement of the canthal
      structures were the most helpful clinical signs. None of the patients had
      circulating antibody to basement membrane determinants at presentation, but four
      developed typical pemphigoid antibodies during observation and three others
      showed an unusual "string of pearls" pattern on indirect immunofluorescence which
      changed to a pemphigoid pattern in one of them. Treatment of the acute ulcerative
      lesions with topical steroids was effective and prevented scarring, but otherwise
      treatment was ineffectual. The presence of antibody and its titre was not
      influenced by the severity of the disease or by systemic treatment.

PMID- 398603
TI  - Prospects for the immunodiagnosis of ocular tumours.
AB  - Amongst other properties, malignant neoplasms are characterized by having
      antigenic determinants not normally found in mature healthy tissue. Consequently
      an immune response is usual on the part of the host and in recent years interest
      has centred on the twin possibilities of putting this property to diagnostic and
      therapeutic use. In our own laboratory we have concentrated on the diagnostic
      potential of immunological techniques in the investigation of pigmented tumours
      of the uvea. We have found that not only malignant melanomata, but also many
      naevi, can provoke an immunological reaction and we have shown that this is
      directed largely against contractile elements in the cytoplasm. Such reactions,
      which are not strictly tumour-specific, may be a source of diagnostic confusion
      and need to be excluded if immunology is to be of value in distinguishing
      malignant lesions of the uveal melanocytes from innocuous naevi.

PMID- 398604
TI  - Role of environmental factors in uveitis.
AB  - As part of a larger study undertaken to determine whether the presence of faecal
      Klebsiella aerogenes was significantly associated with the clinical activity of
      ankylosing spondylitis, thirteen patients with ankylosing spondylitis and acute
      non-granulomatous anterior uveitis (ANGAU) were examined. The faeces of eleven of
      these thirteen patients were found to contain Klebsiella aerogenes. This
      association shows a statistical significance of P less than 0.01, and suggests
      that Klebsiella aerogenes may have an aetiological role in the development of
      anterior uveitis in HLA B27 positive patients. The possible mechanism of this
      association and its potential clinical significance are discussed.

PMID- 398605
TI  - Modified M-K medium for human penetrating keratoplasty.
AB  - A series of 120 consecutive human penetrating keratoplasties was performed using
      modified McCarey-Kaufman (M-K) medium. The medium has ben altered by changing the
      buffer system, adding a pH indicator, and using a different antibiotic from that
      originally formulated. There were no cases of primary donor failure and 95 per
      cent clear grafts after 1 year.

PMID- 398606
TI  - [Influence on the abutment root when using various types of post. (Two
      dimensional photoelastic testing)].

PMID- 398608
TI  - [Vulnerability and psychosocial prevention factors in pediatrics].

PMID- 398607
TI  - [Eleven years clinical observation on a successfully used upper complete denture
      with using a continuous incisal rest equipped in the lower denture].

PMID- 398609
TI  - [Accidents among children].

PMID- 398610
TI  - [New approaches in the treatment of diabetic children: scientific and social
      dimensions].

PMID- 398611
TI  - Honoray Members. Association of American Physicians.

PMID- 398612
TI  - Emeritus Members. Association of American Physicians.

PMID- 398613
TI  - Active members. Association of American Physicians.

PMID- 398614
TI  - Atheroma cholesterol activates complement and aggregates granulocytes: possible
      role in ischemic manifestations of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 398615
TI  - A familial disorder with hypokalemic alkalosis, hyperreninemia, aldosteronism,
      high urinary prostaglandins and normal blood pressure that is not "Bartter's
      syndrome".

PMID- 398616
TI  - Benjamin Alexander 1909-1978.

PMID- 398617
TI  - Bone marrow transplantation as the treatment of choice for "good risk" adult
      patients with acute leukemia.

PMID- 398618
TI  - High renin in heart failure: a manifestation of hyponatremia.

PMID- 398620
TI  - James Bordley, 3d 1900-1979.

PMID- 398619
TI  - George Baehr. 1887-1978.

PMID- 398621
TI  - Walter B. Frommeyer, Jr. 1916-1979.

PMID- 398622
TI  - Immediate and delayed hypotensive effects of propranolol at rest and during
      exercise.

PMID- 398623
TI  - Tinsley Randolph Harrison 1900-1979.

PMID- 398624
TI  - Daniel Victor Kimberg 1933-1978.

PMID- 398625
TI  - Immunogenicity in animals and man of a structurally defined polypeptide of
      streptococcal M protein.

PMID- 398627
TI  - Julian Meade Ruffin 1900-1978.

PMID- 398628
TI  - Presentation of the George M. Kober Medal to Franz J. Ingelfinger.

PMID- 398626
TI  - Francis D.W. Lukens 1899-1978.

PMID- 398629
TI  - Acceptance of the George M. Kober Medal for 1979.

PMID- 398630
TI  - Islet cell cytoplasmic and cell surface antibodies in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 398631
TI  - [Production and use of a nutrient medium with egg hydrolysate for monolayer
      reproduction of BHK 21/13 cells].
AB  - Experiments aiming to reproduce BHK 21/13 cells in Roux retorts by use of a semi
      synthetic nutrient medium, based on protein hydrolyzate synthetized by the
      authors, were carried out. Results obtained show that the lower peptides and free
      amino acids found in ovarian hydrolizate meet the requirements of the cell line
      in respect to quality and quantity. The successfull cultivation of BHK 21/13
      cells in hydrolyzate medium made possible a considerable reduction in the
      percentage involvement of serum, which is usually used in the classical nutrient
      media of the type Eagle BME intended for the propagation of diploid cell strains.

PMID- 398632
TI  - [Hemagglutinating activity and morphology of antigen K 99 in enterotoxic strains
      of E. coli isolated from calves].
AB  - The hemagglutination activity and morphology of antigen K 99 in enterotoxic E.
      coli strains isolated from calves was studied. It was proven that antigen K 99 is
      produced not at 18 degrees C, but at 37 degrees C. All K 99+ E. coli strains
      react with absorbed anti K 99 serum, showing various anti-agglutination titers.
      The hemagglutination activity of K 99+ E. coli strains is inhibited by absorbed K
      99 antiserum. In immunodiffuse tests all K 99+ E. coli strains react by producing
      a single precipitation line. It is proven electronmicroscopically that on the
      surface of the bacterial cell of K 99+ E. coli strains is observed a filamentous
      structure, consisting of numerous fine fibers which give it a fibriform outlook.
      No such morphological structures are observed in K 99- E. coli strains.

PMID- 398633
TI  - [Myocardial infarction without coronary artery changes].
AB  - Since 1972 6 patients (4 males and 2 females) at the age from 18 to 44 years with
      myocardial infarctions could be observed whose coronary system in the subsequent
      coronarographic examinations proved to be unconspicuous. The diagnosis of the
      infarction was anamnestically, laboratory-chemically, electrocardiographically
      and partly scintigraphically ascertained. Issuing from features of infarction and
      pseudoinfarction, respectively, in the ECG other differential-diagnostically
      important cardiac and extracardiac causes could be excluded. In comparison to
      patients with coronary sclerosis typical symptomatology could not be delimited.
      Peculiarities of the clinical picture are the juvenile age, the in most cases
      short or lacking angina pectoris anamnesis, the frequent lack of factors of risk
      and the inclination to disturbances of rhythm. Up to now a satisfying etiologic
      clarification could not be rendered. The relevance of the different possibilities
      of the disturbed equilibrium between O2-offer and -need concerning the clinical
      course of our patients is discussed. Here on the side of the O2-offer the spasm
      of the big and small vessel and the disease of the small vessels are regarded as
      decisive factors of the development of the infarction, where as the coronary
      embolism with subsequent lysis is less to be taken into consideration. Other
      pathogenetic mechanisms, such as the pathologic Hb-O2-dissociation and the
      metabolic changes influencing the O2-need must be included into the causal chain
      of this presumably polyetiologic process. Prognostic and therapeutic aspects
      which closely correlate with the etiologic explanation are discussed.

PMID- 398634
TI  - [Fatty acid metabolism in primary hyperlipoproteinemia].

PMID- 398635
TI  - [Retardation of puberty and growth].
AB  - The disturbed puberty is most frequently manifested by a retardation of sexual
      maturation and growth. For a correct classification of a developmental
      disturbance the knowledge of the endocrine processes, of the stages of puberty,
      tables of height and methods of the assessment of the skeletal maturity is
      necessary, the use of which for the population of the GDR is discussed. The large
      differential diagnosis of the delayed puberty and of the short stature must be
      above all concentrated to the causal-therapeutically influencible
      endocrinopathies, even though the proportion of the constitutional delayed
      puberty as an extreme variant of the norm with a good spontaneous prognosis
      prevails. In order to prevent serious psychosocial conflicts, after transgression
      of a critical age limit of about 16 years in sexual immaturity an adequate
      hormone treatment should be introduced even then, when the etiopathogenesis of
      the disturbance could not be completely clarified.

PMID- 398636
TI  - [Hyperprolactinemic hypogonadism--pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy].
AB  - About 30% of amenorrhoeic women have a disturbed prolactin secretion. In about
      10% the cause is a hypophyseal-suprahypophyseal tumour. Taking into consideration
      the degree of severity of the galactorrhoe, the amenorrhoe is connected with
      incontinence of milk. Also disturbances of the male potency may with partly
      similar symptomatology be conditioned by a hyperprolactaemia. For the development
      of hypogonadism the physiologic effect of prolactin gives sufficient
      explanations. With the introduction of dopaminergic substances which influence
      the disturbed regulating circle hypothalamus-hypophysis in the sense of an
      inhibition of the prolactin secretion new conservative possibilities for the
      therapy of disturbances of fertility are the result. With adequate
      recommendations for the radioimmunologic determination of prolactin the WHO made
      allowance for the central position of prolactin in the pathogenesis of
      hypogonadism. In particular the existence of hypophyseal microadenomas presumes a
      close cooperation between gynaecologists, radiologists, ophthalmologists and
      endocrinologists in the clarification of hyperprolactinaemic disturbances of
      fertility.

PMID- 398637
TI  - [Hirsutism--diagnosis and therapy].
AB  - Hypertrichosis and virilisation are to be differed from hirsutism, the increased
      hairiness of male type in the female. The subdivision is done according to the
      causes into physiologic, symptomatic, iatrogenic and idiopathic forms of
      hirsutism and for practice adequate to localisation into degrees of severity. In
      pathogenesis age, race, heredity, endocrine factors of the skin, in particular
      the reactivity of the hair follicles, testosteron and prestages of androgen, the
      sexual steroid-binding globulin as well as the oestrogen-androgen-balance play a
      role. Despite all progress in the analytics of hormones by the catheterism of the
      ovarial veins and the adrenocortical veins the inhibition and stimulation tests
      with determination of the steroids in the plasma or in the urine are entitled to
      diagnostics. The treatment is performed according to the cause operatively,
      medicamentously or cosmetically. The best results were gained with the
      antiandrogens (cyproterone acetate) and the gestagen chlormadinon acetate.

PMID- 398638
TI  - [In memory of Leonor Michaelis 16 January 1875--8 October 1949].

PMID- 398639
TI  - [The development and purpose of pathological and clinical biochemistry in the
      Democratic Republic of Germany].

PMID- 398640
TI  - [(In memory of Prof. Herbert Groh)].

PMID- 398641
TI  - [Notes on the history of arthroplasty (author's transl)].

PMID- 398642
TI  - A clinical trial with glipizide - a relative new sulphonylurea.
AB  - Glipizide is a relatively new sulphonylurea- antidiabetic agent. 24 maturity
      onset diabetics were studied to determine the dosage required to produce adequate
      control and the safety and tolerance of the drug. It was concluded that glipizide
      is a safe and potent anti-diabetic agent and a suitable alternative in those
      patients poorly-controlled on standard oral hypoglycaemic drugs.

PMID- 398643
TI  - [The compensation curve].

PMID- 398644
TI  - [Measuring the density of composites against bacteria and fungi].

PMID- 398645
TI  - [Possibilities of bonding of filling materials and the hard substances of the
      teeth].

PMID- 398646
TI  - Microbiological examination of some Sudanese soils.
AB  - The composition of the microflora in different layers of four representative oil
      profiles of Sudan were studied. Counts of all types of microorganisms decreased
      significantly with depth in soil. Azotobacter, in particular, occurred in high
      densities; representative strains were isolated and studied for their different
      characteristics. Beijerinckia was detected as well, and a new method for the
      estimation of their numbers in pure cultures, based on the overlay agar
      technique, is described.

PMID- 398647
TI  - [On the contamination of the citric acid fermentation. I. The contamination by
      representatives of Enterobacteriaceae (author's transl)].
AB  - Among the most dangerous bacterial contaminations of the citric acid fermentation
      is the so-called brown contamination, which is called forth by non pathogenic
      representatives of Enterobacteriaceae like Escherichia coli, Aerobacter
      aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae and Proteus vulgaris, while other bacteria do not
      produce the mentioned contamination. There is given a comprehensive
      characterization of the brown contamination. Enterobacteriaceae interrupt the
      growth of the mycelium of the mold Aspergillus niger and stop the production of
      citric acid, produce a characteristic repugnant smell and reduce nitrate to
      nitrite. In a case of weak contamination the phenomena of the brown contamination
      do not appear, but the yield of citric acid is rather low. The contamination may
      be transferred successfully within the first 24 hrs. of incubation. The effect of
      the bacteria is determined by their virulence and some other factors.

PMID- 398649
TI  - [On the antiviral effect of a triazole compound (author's transl)].
AB  - 4-[Hydroxy-3-piperid-N-yl-prop-1-yl]-5-methyl-2-phenyl-triazole (HMPT) reduced
      the plaque formation caused by M 12, f 2, and Q beta and retarded the liberation
      of phages. The concentration of tobacco mosaic virus in primarily infected
      tobacco leaves was decreased. HMPT inhibited the development of local lesions.
      Free phages and TMV particles werenot influenced by HMPT.

PMID- 398648
TI  - [On the contamination of the citric acid fermentation. II. Sodium 5
      nitrofurylacrylate as an antiseptic against representatives of the
      Enterobacteriaceae (author's transl)].
AB  - In context with the first communication which deals with the characterization of
      the so-called brown contamination called forth by Enterobacteriaceae in the
      citric acid fermentation of molasses, the present paper describes the screening
      of antiseptic substances able to suppress the contamination mentioned without
      damaging the normal growth of the producing mould Aspergillus niger and its
      ability of producing citric acid. Among the substances tested the sodium salt of
      5-nitrofurylacrylic acid (5-NFA) excelled partly because of its antiseptic effect
      in relatively small concentrations and partly because the mould tolerates
      appreciable amounts of this antiseptic. Therefore there may be applied, in the
      presence of a heavy contamination, relatively high concentrations of the
      antiseptic without fear of damaging the producing mould. Usually a dose of 10 to
      15 mg 5-NFA in 11 of medium was sufficient to suppress the brown contamination.

PMID- 398650
TI  - [Combination of antibiotics with analgesic and antipyretic substances (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 1. We suggest a combination of analgesic and antipyretic medicaments in medical
      treatments with antibiotics. Thus, the antibiotic is increased and
      microorganisms, resistant to antibiotics, are converted into sensitive forms. 2.
      The results of the in vitro used method (diffusion plate test) are in accordance
      with the results obtained using these combinations in therapy. 3. This method
      should not be applied to strains that are sufficiently sensitive to antibiotics,
      since the results would be contrary to the afore mentioned. 4. The effects of a
      combination are additionally synergistic in the case of strains originally
      sensitive. 5. This method offers great possibilities for multiplying treatments
      with antibiotics. We recommend to give standardized combinations of antibiotics
      with analgesic and antipyretic medicaments per os.

PMID- 398651
TI  - [Our surgical heritage. 100 years ago (12)].

PMID- 398652
TI  - [Hormonal contraception (author's transl)].
AB  - Hormonal contraceptives will continue to be used for some time to come as the
      safest means by which to prevent pregnancy. This is the background against which
      an account is given of the forms of hormonal contraception, their safety,
      selection of preparations, prescription for young people, side-effects, contra
      indication to prescription, and indication for discontinuation.--In the context
      of side-effects, particular reference is made to the effects of steroids upon
      fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism, the cardiovascular system, and early
      pregnancy.

PMID- 398653
TI  - [B beta-hemolytic streptococcal septicemia in the adult].

PMID- 398654
TI  - Microbiological assays of aminoglycoside antibiotics in serum: technique and
      interpretation.

PMID- 398655
TI  - A twin methodology for the study of genetic and environmental control of
      variation in human smoking behavior.

PMID- 398656
TI  - The effect of azathioprine, hydrocortisone and trimethazone on the occurrence of
      active lymphocytes in liver of endotoxin treated rabbits.
AB  - After the administration of azathioprine, hydrocortisone and trimethazone to
      endotoxin-treated rabbits, the percentage of active lymphocytes (determined by
      means of the nucleolar test) decreased in the liver, while the lymphocytes in the
      peripheral blood were not affected. The assumption that in endotoxemia the liver
      may be a target organ for active lymphocytes and that autoimmune processes may
      participate in liver damage is discussed.

PMID- 398657
TI  - Comparative effects of CCK-PZ on certain intestinal hydrolases in the mucosa and
      in the luminal content of the hamster jejuno-ileum.
AB  - After isolation of the hamster small intestine, the effects of a continuous
      infusion of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ) are studied. Several enzymic
      activities are measured in the intestinal lumen and compared with the level found
      in the intestinal homogenate. During CCK-PZ infusion we observed a direct
      stimulation of Paneth cells associated with an increase of lysozyme activity.
      Furthermore this work confirms the stimulating effect of CCK-PZ on alkaline
      phosphatase and amino-peptidase. Maltase and sucrase levels were unaffected. The
      liberation of the hydrolase of the brush border in the intestinal lumen is
      negligible and cannot be considered as a true secretion. Only granule content of
      Paneth cells is actually secreted. However, biochemical data, corroborated by
      morphological results, suggest that Paneth cell secretion could in part be
      absorbed on the outer surface of the brush border.

PMID- 398658
TI  - Disorders of gastrointestinal hormones after surgery.

PMID- 398659
TI  - [Presentation of the Merck, Sharp & Dohme Award of the Belgian Society of
      Neurology (G. Moonen)].

PMID- 398660
TI  - Double blind study of meptazinol versus pentazocine and placebo in postoperative
      pain treatment.
AB  - The purpose of this double blind study was to evaluate the efficiency and safety
      of a new analgesic drug meptazinol, compared to pentazocine and placebo, in
      patients suffering from postoperative pain. Subjective and objective parameters
      were controlled. It appeared clearly that meptazinol had a potent analgesic
      effect with rapid onset, but rather short duration. Analgesic effect of
      pentazocine appeared more slowly, but persisted for a longer time. The two active
      drugs had no effects on the objective parameters measured.

PMID- 398661
TI  - Domperidone (R 33 812) as an antiemetic in the treatment of postoperative
      vomiting. A double blind comparison between two different dosages (4 mg and 10
      mg).
AB  - Forty seven patients received either 4 mg or 10 mg domperidone I.V. in a double
      blind study after they had vomited postoperatively. The patients were then
      observed for six hours. If necessary, the same dose of domperidone was repeated
      double blind but not during the first hour. When the two groups were compared
      there was little difference between them for the first half hour after the
      initial dose, thereafter both the frequency and severity of vomiting was reduced
      in the 10 mg group. Also fewer patients in the 10 mg group needed a second
      injection. These differences were statistically significant (p less than 0.05).

PMID- 398662
TI  - Distribution of corrosion products in teeth restored with metal crowns retained
      by stainless steel posts.
AB  - The nature and distribution of corrosion products in teeth restored with metal
      crowns retained by stainless steel posts were examined by means of energy
      dispersive X-ray microanalysis, microradiography, and electron microscopy. The
      corrosion products consisted of calcium, phosphorous, iron, chromium, nickel,
      zinc, stannum and other elements. A possible root fracturing mechanism is
      discussed.

PMID- 398664
TI  - Age-related differences in thermoregulatory responses to endotoxin in rabbits.
AB  - E. coli endotoxin evokes fever in rabbits immediately after birth. In 0--3 day
      old rabbits the fever is monophasic and brown fat thermogenesis is mainly
      responsible for the reaction. In 6--10 day-old animals the fever is usually
      biphasic and increased heat conservation also contributes to the response. An
      inverse relationship exists between the endotoxin dose and the latent period
      before the onset of fever, while the height of the fever is independent of the
      endotoxin dose. The response is similar as that of adult rabbits, except that
      after all endotoxin doses the latent period is longer and the magnitude of the
      response slightly smaller in the newborn.

PMID- 398665
TI  - Effect of prostaglandins on hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular function in vitro.
AB  - The effect of prostaglandins (PG) A1, E1, E2 and F2 alpha in the concentration
      range of 10(-7)--10(-4) M were studied in vitro on a rat hypothalamic tissue,
      collagenase-digested isolated anterior pituitary cell and Leydig cell suspension
      system by measuring the testosterone production of incubated Leydig cells. PGs
      did not change the testosterone production and the hCG sensitivity of the Leydig
      cells, nor the LH secretion and the LHRH sensitivity of the anterior pituitary
      cells. PGE2 at concentrations of 10(-6), 10(-5) and 10(-4) M significantly
      increased the hypothalamic tissue-induced pituitary-testicular activation, and
      this stimulatory effect of PGE2 was dose dependent. PGA1, PGE1 and PGF2 alpha did
      not alter hypothalamic LHRH release measured in vitro. The results suggest that
      PGE2 has a direct stimulatory effect on hypothalamic LHRH release.

PMID- 398666
TI  - [Evaluation of diluents for the recovery of total viable microorganisms in human
      oral material (author's transl)].

PMID- 398663
TI  - Oxidation of noble metal alloys for porcelain veneer crowns.
AB  - It has been found that oxide-forming elements in the alloy are important for the
      blood strength between the metal and the procelain. The purpose of the present
      investigation was to study the formation of oxides during pretreatment and firing
      of porcelain. Four commerically available Ceramo-Metal alloys were studied. The
      specimens were heated at 980 degrees C for five hours in air, and the weight was
      continuously recorded. In addition porcelain was fired on to the alloys.
      Metallographic examinations were conducted on both oxidized and fired speciments.
      The weight gain data also indicated an increased oxygen uptake with a larger
      amount of oxidizable elements in the alloy. Most of the oxygen gain and time
      indicated that the oxygen uptake was diffusion controlled. The weight gain data
      also indicated an increased oxygen uptake with larger amount of oxidizable
      elements in the alloy. Most of the oxygen in the oxidize alloys was located as
      oxide along grain boundaries in the metal.

PMID- 398667
TI  - [Observation of metal-porcelain interface by means of electron probe micro
      analyser--changing of composition of the Bond Gold by reiterative cast (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398668
TI  - [Change of hardness in firing cycle of porcelain-bonded metal (author's transl)].

PMID- 398669
TI  - [Observation of Pd-Ag type alloy for porcelain fused to metal as function of
      heating time (author's transl].

PMID- 398670
TI  - [Effect of full cast crown margin on the gingiva--study by gingival fluid
      measurements (author's transl)].

PMID- 398671
TI  - [Study on the deformation of impression. Preliminary report: application of the
      holographic interferometry (author's transl)].

PMID- 398672
TI  - [Evaluation of diluents and dispersing methods for the recovery of total viable
      microorganisms in human oral material (author's transl)].

PMID- 398673
TI  - Is actinic granuloma a specific condition?
AB  - Evidence is presented that actinic granuloma is not a specific connective tissue
      disorder as it is thought to be by O'Brien. Granulomatous inflammation does not
      result simply from a response to elastotic fibers, but is a consequence of
      primary pathologic processes that are unrelated to damaged elastotic material.
      Twenty-one of 30 lesions in our series that fulfill O'Brien's criteria of his
      concept of actinic granuloma were clinically and histologically examples of
      granuloma annulare. The other nine lesions were of other granulomatous diseases
      such as foreign-body reaction and late secondary syphilis.

PMID- 398675
TI  - A routine method for treatment of specimens of heavily cornified lesions.

PMID- 398677
TI  - Art in dermatopathology. Jusepe de Ribera. An interpreter of the skin through
      art.

PMID- 398676
TI  - Dermatopathology in historical perspective. The histopathology of the diseases of
      the skin by Dr P. G. Unna.

PMID- 398674
TI  - Jean Darier: a memoir.

PMID- 398678
TI  - Shakes, bubbles, slides, and artifacts.

PMID- 398679
TI  - [Does the insulin-secretion capacity of non-diabetic subjects possess a
      prognostic value? (author's transl)].
AB  - Twenty-two patients, whose initial oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was not
      diabetic, but who possibly had predisposition for diabetes, underwent iterative
      OGTT with plasma insulin determination and estimate of insulin-secretion capacity
      (plasma insulin area/blood glucose area ratio, and insulin-secretion
      coefficient). With a 30 months mean time interval between the two tests, a highly
      significant negative correlation was found between insulin-secretion capacity of
      the first test and blood glucose area of the last one. Glycemic curve of the OGTT
      was diabetic in 3 cases at the final test. Thus, it seems possible to select
      subjects most prone to future diabetes with simple parameters estimating insulin
      secretion capacity during OGTT.

PMID- 398680
TI  - Phosphorylcholine antigens from Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. I.--Anti
      phosphorylcholine antibodies in infected rats and location of phosphorylcholine
      antigens.
AB  - The anti-phosphorylcholine (PC) antibody synthesis was investigated in the rat
      after infection with the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Serum IgM and IgG
      antibodies were demonstrated from day 2 or 3 post-infection. Intestinal IgA
      antibody synthesis began shortly after the worms reached the intestine. Antigens
      containing PC were located with the fluorescent antibody technique in L3
      infective larvae, adult worms and eggs of the parasites. They were always found
      to internal structures such as intestinal tract or gonads. It seems, therefore,
      that the anti-PC antibody synthesis resulted from the release of PC antigens by
      the parasite (moulting fluids, excretion, secretion or breakage products).

PMID- 398681
TI  - [Negative antinuclear antibodies in disseminated lupus erythematosus. Report of 3
      cases].
AB  - There are described 3 cases of patients with LED in which the obtained results of
      AAN's research, by means of IFI, were negative in a transitory or a permanent
      way. This situation can motive the doubt at the diagnostic, even though it exists
      in a little patients' group. In this work there are revised its causes and
      mechanisms.

PMID- 398683
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the thymus of the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) during
      wakefulness, hibernation and various phases of reawakening].

PMID- 398682
TI  - [Implantation of mitral valve prosthesis with continuos suture].
AB  - The results obtained in 20 patients with the use of continue suture technic for
      prosthetic implantation of the mitral valve were compared to those observed in
      other 20 patients in which the prothesis were implanted with isolated suture
      technic. With the first one the aortic clamp time was reduced in average about 50
      minutes; the extracorporeal circulation time also diminished in the same
      proportion. One patient died in each group, meaning a 5% of hospital mortality.
      The going after time in the first group was 2.5 years and in none was found
      prosthetic dysfunction or perivalvular lickage. We conclude that prosthetic
      implantation technic for mitral valve with continue suture, offers the following
      advantages: a) Important reduction of the transoperative myocardial ischemia. b)
      Reduction also, of the hole estracorporeal circulation time. c) Minor
      possibilities of periprosthetic lickage. d) Minor risk of valvular thrombosis in
      the suture line.

PMID- 398684
TI  - [The anatomical substrate of mediastinoscopy].

PMID- 398685
TI  - [An unusual case of pentalobate right lung].

PMID- 398686
TI  - Studies on the derivatives of 2-amino-4-p-chlorophenylthiazole-5-acetic acid. I.
      Syntheses and pharmacological analysis of acylderivatives of 2-amino-4-p
      chlorophenylthiazole-5-acetic acid.
AB  - A number of new acyl and imidoderivatives of 2-amino-4-p-chlorophenylthiazole-5
      acetic acid (II) and its methyl ester (VII) were synthesized. Methyl ester VII
      heated in benzene solution with acid anhydrides was transformed into adequate
      acyl derivatives (VIII, IX, X, XIII, XVI). Some of them (X, XIII, XVII) by
      heating with acetic anhydride underwent cyclization and were transformed into the
      imido derivatives (XI, XIV, XVIII). Compounds XI, XIV and XVI heated with diluted
      aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide underwent selective hydrolysis giving the
      respective dicarboxylic acids XII, XV, XVII. Pharmacological analysis revealed
      that some of the synthesized preparations exert an anti-inflammatory effect and
      allow to draw limited relations between chemical structure and pharmacological
      activity in this group of compounds.

PMID- 398687
TI  - Studies on the derivatives of thiazole acetic acid. II. Syntheses and
      pharmacological analysis of 2-N-aralkylidene and 2-N-aralkyl derivatives of 2
      amino-4-p-chlorophenylthiazole-5-acetic acid.
AB  - A number of 2-N-aralkylidene, 2-N-aralkyl and 2-N-aralkyl-alpha-sulphoderivatives
      of 2-amino-4-p-chlorophenylthiazole-5-acetic acid (I, R = H) and its methyl ester
      (I, R = CH3) were synthesized. As a result of condensation of methyl ester I with
      various aromatic aldehydes in boiling benzene solution, the Schiff-bases (anils)
      II--VIII were obtained. After reduction with NaBH4 compounds II--VIII were
      transformed into adequate amino esters IX--XV. Esters IX--XV heated with diluted
      aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide underwent selective hydrolysis giving the
      respective amino acids XVI--XXII. Some of Schiff bases (II, III, V, VII, VIII)
      reacted with aqueous alcoholic solution of sodium bisulphite after its several
      (XXIII--XXVII). alpha-sulphoderivatives had been obtained. Several tests were
      performed in order to detect the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity
      of the compounds. The pharmacological analysis allowed us to draw conclusions
      concerning the relationship between chemical structure and biological activity in
      this group of compounds. The most efficacious immunosuppressive and anti
      inflammatory activity exhibited 2-aralkyl-alpha-sulphoderivatives.

PMID- 398688
TI  - Daunorubicin reductase activity in leukemia leukocyte homogenates.
AB  - Daunorubicin reductase activity was estimated in peripheral leukocytes drawn from
      23 patients with acute or chronic leukemia. Since the enzyme converts
      daunorubicin to daunorubicinol, a derivative exposing higher cytotoxic action
      than daunorubicin, it is important for leukemia treatment to know its leukocyte
      level. Calculations of reductase levels were based on the presumption that one
      enzyme unit equals an activity which is producing 1 nanomol daunorubicinol per 1
      mg homogenate protein during 30 minutes of incubation. It was found, that blasts
      of different patients with the same leukemia type displayed different reductase
      levels, ranging between 11.0 and 74.8 U.

PMID- 398689
TI  - The effect of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs on lymphocyte
      population and MIF in glomerulonephritis.
AB  - The effect of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs on the T and B
      lymphocyte populations, as well as cellular hypersensitivity in relation to GBM
      antigens (measured by MIF activity) in 60 patients with different types of
      glomerulopathy has been tested. The results were compared with a control group of
      47 untreated patients and 32 healthy subjects. The treatment was carried out
      using the following drugs: azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, prednisone, ibuprofen
      and indomethacin. In a sample of 14 patients receiving ibuprofen and in 7
      receiving arathioprine, indomethacin and prednisone, the T and B lymphocyte
      kinetics as well as MIF activity were repeatedly tested before and during the
      treatment of 150 days. In the patients under this treatment, a decreased
      percentage of lymphocytes with receptors for a complement as well as, in some
      cases. MIF suppression was observed. A comparison of healthy subjects and
      untreated patients with a group of 39 subjects tested for T and B lymphocytes as
      well as MIF activity after several months of the above treatment was made. It was
      found that supportive therapy with azathioprine and prednisone led to a
      normalization of B lymphocytes (EA and EAC rosettes) and to a small increase of T
      lymphocytes number. On the other hand, treatment with indomethacin and ibuprofen
      led to an increased B lymphocyte count (EA and EAC rosettes). Cyclophosphamide
      given with azathioprine caused a decrease in the proportion of T lymphocytes and
      an increase in the number of null cells. In addition, it was found that
      immunosuppressive drugs as well as anti-inflammatory drugs, even when
      administered in supportive doses caused in some cases, the suppression of
      cellular immunity as measured by MIF activity.

PMID- 398690
TI  - Studies on the experimental therapy of iridocyclitis.
AB  - Effectiveness of selected anti-inflammatory drugs on the experimental model of
      uveitis was evaluated. Studies on the biochemical parameters of inflammation in
      the aqueous humor and biomicroscopic evaluation of the clinical condition of the
      anterior chamber of the eye, carried out in the therapy course, allowed to
      establish the following order of the studied drugs, according to their
      therapeutical effectiveness (from the most effective): indomethacin greater than
      ibuprofen greater than hydrocortizone greater than 6-mercaptopurine.

PMID- 398691
TI  - [Fiftieth anniversary of Hans Berger's publication of the electroencephalogram.
      His first records in 1924--1931 (author's transl)].
AB  - For the fiftieth anniversary of Berger's first EEG publication, some of his early
      recordings obtained between 1924 and 1931 are discussed and illustrated. Examples
      of his protocols from the Freiburg Berger Archives are reproduced. Three types of
      Berger's early investigations are described: (1) String-galvanometer recordings
      obtained between 1924 and 1926, mainly from trephined patients with cerebral
      diseases, which usually showed brain waves slowed to 6--8 per second; (2) Direct
      recordings from the cortex and white matter proving the cortical origin of the
      EEG in 1930; (3) Typical unpublished EEG recordings of epileptics and of petit
      mal attacks obtained in 1930 and 1931. Berger's first six papers published
      between 1929 and 1933 described nearly all the main EEG findings of cerebral
      diseases and the EEG alterations of normals during attention, sleep, and
      narcosis, but they did not report on convulsive potentials in the EEGs of
      epileptics. Berger had, however, obtained excellent records of epileptic EEG
      features, here depicted in Figs. 4 through 7. These remained unpublished until
      1933 and 1938, because Berger suspected that they contained artifacts caused by
      blinks and facial movements which he had recorded in his controls (Fig. 4). Only
      in 1933, after other authors had described large amplitudes of convulsive
      potentials in the cortex of animals, did Berger publish parts of the EEGs of a
      petit-mal attack and of focal attacks in progressive paresis. In 1938, Berger
      presented the EEG of the beginning of a petit-mal attack with large 3/s spikes
      and waves recorded in 1931 which were similar to those described by Gibbs and
      coworkers in 1935. In 1933 and 1938, Berger interpreted the abnormal brain
      potentials of epileptics as signs of a preconvulsive state of the forebrain and
      suggested that the periods of 3/s waves were cortical correlates of an epileptic
      absence.

PMID- 398692
TI  - [Control of anticoagulant therapy with coumarin derivatives. Evolution of the
      tests used and their standardization].
AB  - Levels of hypocoagulabity induced with coumarin derivatives (aconocoumarin) were
      determined in 10 patients Quick's test was used to calibrate commercially
      available thromboplastin reagents against a reference reagent. The results were
      then standardised in the form of a correct prothrombin ratio. It was found that
      comparable results could be obtained, even with poorly sensitive thromboplastins,
      by determining a thromboplastin sensitivity index and using it to convert the
      prothrombin ratio obtained with each thromboplastin into a "correct" ratio, i.e.
      one that allowed for the depressed sensitivity of the thromboplastin concerned.
      It was found that thrombotest was more sensitive than the commercial
      thromboplastins; it was also superior to the reference reagent in expressing the
      level of drug-induced hypocoagulability. Attention is drawn to the soundness of
      expressing prothrombin times in terms of the correct ratio to cut out the effect
      of variations in sensitivity on the part of commercial thromboplastins. At the
      same time, stress is laid on the superiority of thrombotest in the monitoring of
      oral anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 398693
TI  - [Intestinal occlusion caused by endometriosis].
AB  - Three cases of intestinal occlusion due to endometriosis, presenting as surgical
      emergencies, are reported. After a review of the literature on the incidence of
      endometriosis, the mechanisms underlying the occlusive process and the various
      anatomopathological pictures are presented. The reasons why no correct
      preoperative diagnosis was possible and the problems encountered in differential
      diagnosis, particularly with respect to carcinoma of the colon and the sigma
      rectum, are discussed. It is considered that correct preoperative diagnosis is
      very important to avoid subjecting the non-cancer patient to destructive surgery.
      The therapy recommended for intestinal occlusion due to suspected endometriosis
      is presented.

PMID- 398694
TI  - Pathways of energy metabolism required for phenotypic expression of nif+Kp genes
      in Escherichia coli.
AB  - In E. coli K12 (F'nif+Kp) hybrids, electron-transport-dependent phosphorylation
      is not necessary for anaerobic nitrogen fixation, and substrate level
      phosphorylation can provide sufficient ATP from glucose for nitrogenase activity.
      The fumarate-reduction system, however, is essential in these hybrids for the
      transfer of electrons to nitrogenase. This system is probably also involved in
      maintaining the membrane in the energized state, thereby allowing nitrogen
      fixation to occur. The nitrate-reduction system, which can energize the membrane
      like the fumarate-reduction system, is not necessary for nitrogenase activity in
      the E. coli K12(F'nif+Kp) hybrids. However, two nitrate reductase genes, chlA,
      and chlB, are essential for inhibition of nitrogen fixation by nitrate. Moreover,
      nitrate inhibits nitrogenase activity and this inhibition is most probably
      effected through a regulator factor coded by chlA and chlB.

PMID- 398695
TI  - Antibody responses of human lymphocytes in vitro. Specificity and physical
      properties of plaque-forming cell precursors.
AB  - When human tonsillar lymphocytes are cultured with pokeweed mitogen they generate
      a larger number of antibody-secreting cells. A substantial number of the plaque
      forming cells generated have specificity for sheep erythrocytes but very few are
      specific for either bovine or horse erythrocytes. We have investigated the
      physical properties of sheep erythrocyte-specific precursors and have found that
      they have the characteristics of larger lymphocytes and are heterogeneous with
      respect to density. Our results support the concept that the percursors which can
      be induced by pokeweed mitogen to develop into plaque-forming cells belong to a
      pre-activated sub-population of lymphocytes.

PMID- 398696
TI  - Antibody responses of human lymphocytes in vitro. Enhancing effects of
      hydrocortisone.
AB  - Cultures of human tonsillar lymphocytes stimulated by pokeweed mitogen in the
      presence of hydrocortisone succinate generate more sheep red blood cell-specific
      plaque-forming cells than when the hydrocortisone is absent. Such enhancement is
      even more marked when sheep red blood cells and pokeweed mitogen are present in
      cultures. This contrasts with the inability of sheep red blood cells to enhance
      pokeweed mitogen-stimulated response in cultures lacking hydrocortisone.
      Hydrocortisone causes greater enhancement when the concentration of cells in
      culture is high than when it is low. These data are consistent with
      hydrocortisone inhibiting the activity of suppressor cells which would otherwise
      mask helper effects.

PMID- 398697
TI  - Immunoprecipitation of biosynthetically-labelled products in the identification
      of antigens of murine red cells infected with the protozoan parasite, Plasmodium
      berghei.
AB  - In this methodological paper an immunoprecipitation technique has been optimised
      for the identification of antigens of Plasmodium berghei-infected blood which
      react with antibody specificities in a host-protective antiserum. Extracted 3H
      leucine biosynthetically-labelled products of infected blood were sequentially
      reacted and precipitated with sera from mice which had been exposed to P. berghei
      but which were either non-protected or protected against lethal infection,
      protection having been shown to be transferable to naive recipients with the
      appropriate serum. As analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under
      reducing conditions, a small number of molecular species was detected in
      immunoprecipitates using host-protective sera which were apparently not
      quantitatively precipitated out of the complex mixture of labelled products of
      infected blood using sera from non-protected mice.

PMID- 398698
TI  - Inhibition of the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma in syngeneic mice by Salmonella
      antigens.
AB  - Administration of a protein antigen preparation from Salmonella enteritidis 11RX
      at the site of challenge with Lewis lung carcinoma inhibited tumour development
      in mice previously immunised with live bacteria, but not control mice. The
      kinetics of tumour growth indicated that the inhibition of tumour development was
      due to a reduction of the initial tumour inoculum rather than the development of
      specific anti-tumour immunity.

PMID- 398700
TI  - [Special aspects of the curve of the oral glucose tolerance test].
AB  - The insulin response of 10 lean and 23 obese subjects with lag-type and
      borderline O.G.T.T. has been studied. The O.G.T.T. was interpreted according to
      the criteria of Fajans and Conn. The maximum increase and the area of increase
      were examined both for blood glucose and plasma I.R.I., and the corresponding
      I.R.I./glucose ratios calculated. The shape of the insulin response curve is
      similar to that of glucose curve. The I.R.I./glucose ratios are decreased in the
      lag-type curves as compared to borderline in the lean subjects while we observed
      opposite results in obese ones. A possible physiopathological interpretation of
      this curves is proposed.

PMID- 398699
TI  - [Biological effects of distamycin A].
AB  - In the present review are examined different biological effects of Distamycin A,
      an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces distallicus. This drug is moderately
      active on bacteria but it is strongly active on DNA viruses and on some
      Oncornaviruses, moreover it possesses antineoplastic and antimitotic activity at
      high doses at which it can result tossic and cause immunodepression.

PMID- 398701
TI  - [Examination of the early phase of insulin secretion with 3 successive small
      overloads of glucose (5 g) in normal and obese subjects].
AB  - We studied the E.I.R. in eight normal subjects and fifteen obese ones with three
      successive small glucose pulses (5 g.) e.v. at 30' interval. In normal subjects
      the three successive loads gave rise to identical responses for both glucose and
      I.R.I. Obese could be divided, on the basis of their E.I.R. to the first load,
      into normal responders (group I), hyper-responders (group II) and hypo-responders
      (group III); on the basis of the E.I.R. to the second load, group I could be
      divided in two subgroups: Ia and Ib. We found an identical E.I.R. to all glucose
      loads in group Ia; a reduced E.I.R. to successive loads in groups Ib and II.
      Group III didn't have any insulin response to all glucose loads.

PMID- 398703
TI  - [Comparison of the radioimmunological and immunoenzymatic methods in detection of
      HBsAg].
AB  - We have compared the solid-phase radioimmunoassay(SPRIA) with a solid-phase
      enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) in the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
      708 sera from blood donors and 500 sera from patients with various diseases
      (acute and chronic hepatitis, chronic renal failure in hemodialytic treatment)
      were tested for HBsAg with both methods. 208 sera (17,2%) were found to be
      positive in SPRIA and 209 sera (17,3%) in EIA. Two HBsAg positive sera were
      tested in dilution series with both methods, too. The results show that the
      sensitivity and specificity of the EIA compare very favourably with those of the
      SPRIA.

PMID- 398702
TI  - [Double test of insulin sensitivity in normal and obese subjects].
AB  - 13 normal and 16 obese subjects have been chosen for a double insulin tolerance
      test: 0,02 U/Kg of insulin were administered i.v. with an interval of 60'. The
      glycemic curve of the normal subjects show an identical lay out after both
      pulses; on the contrary the obese subjects could be divided into two subgroups.
      In the first one the lowering glucose action can be compared after both pulses,
      while in the second one the first stimulus causes a weather lowering glucose
      action, than in the first group, which is furtherly reduced during the subsequent
      pulse. An insulin resistance in these subjects is thus stressed. In the obese
      subjects the NEFA have a higher concentration in both groups than in the normal
      ones, show a normal decrease, but a certain delay is observed in the rebound
      phase.

PMID- 398704
TI  - Methylation patterns of tRNA at different concentrations of dimethylsulphate.
AB  - The methylation patterns produced in E. coli B tRNA by various concentrations of
      dimethylsulphate were found to differ with a predominant formation of 7
      methylguanine and 1-methyladenine at low concentrations and of a methylated
      compound not yet identified at high concentrations of methylating agent. The
      analysis by Scatchard plot of dimethylsulphate interaction with the nucleic acid
      suggested the presence of high and low affinity sites.

PMID- 398705
TI  - [Relationships between separated renin and renal and intrarenal flow (washout of
      Xe 133) in essential and secondary hypertension].

PMID- 398706
TI  - [Role of renin-angiotensin system in hypertension caused by bilateral polycystic
      kidney].

PMID- 398707
TI  - [Reliability and diagnostic use of the furosemide test in the study of the renin
      angiotensin-aldosterone system].

PMID- 398708
TI  - [The saralasin test in clinical evaluation of hypertensive states].

PMID- 398709
TI  - [Further studies of the renal action of dopamine in presence of water and salt
      retention].

PMID- 398710
TI  - [Interrelationships between renin and arterial pressure in subjects with
      essential hypertension under diuretic treatment: effect of addition of oxprenolol
      and indomethacin].

PMID- 398711
TI  - [Action of verapamil on renin activity in essential hypertension].

PMID- 398712
TI  - [Behavior of blood volume and electrolytes in patients with essential
      hypertension with low plasmatic renin activity (PRA). Effects of treatment with
      propranolol].

PMID- 398713
TI  - [Essential hypertension with low plasmatic renin activity (PRA). Effects of
      propranolol on arterial pressure and reninemia].

PMID- 398714
TI  - [Essential hypertension with low plasmatic renin activity (PRA). Effects of
      propranolol on some indices of adrenergic system activity].

PMID- 398715
TI  - Bonding of orthodontic brackets by transillumination of a light activated
      composite: an in vitro study.

PMID- 398716
TI  - Regulation of N-acetylglucosamine uptake in yeast.
AB  - Various yeasts have been investigated for their ability to grow on N
      acetylglucosamine as the sole carbon source and only those which are associated
      with the disease, candidiasis, gave positive results. The yeasts unable to grow
      on N-acetylglucosamine lacked the capacity to transport the aminosugar across the
      cell membrane. In pathogenic yeasts, two systems of different affinity for
      substrate were found to operate in the uptake of N-acetylglucosamine. In glucose
      grown cells a constitutive, low affinity uptake system was present, but upon
      addition of inducer, a specific high affinity uptake system was synthesized.
      Experiments with the inhibitors of macromolecule synthesis suggested that the
      synthesis of RNA and protein is necessary for induction whereas the synthesis of
      DNA is not. In glucose-grown Candida albicans cells which are devoid of N
      acetylglucosamine enters into the cells as phosphorylated form using a
      constitutive uptake system. Uranyl acetate (0.01 mM) which binds to cell membrane
      associated polyphosphates, inhibited completely the inducible uptake of N
      acetylglucosamine. Labelling experiments, designed to determine the temporal
      sequence of appearance of N-acetylglucosamine in intracellular free sugar and
      sugar-phosphate pools, indicated that N-acetylglucosamine first appeared in the
      cells as pohosphorylated form. Similar results were obtained with Saccharomyces
      phosphorylated form. Similar results were obtained with Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      3059 and some other yeasts which are devoid of N-acetylglucosamine kinase in both
      uninduced and induced conditions. These results are consistent with the model of
      van Steveninck that involves phosphorylation during transpost. Furthermore,
      inhibitors of energy metabolism (arsenate, azide and cyanide), proton conductor
      (m-chlorocarbonylcyanide phenylhydrazine) and dibenzyl diammonium ion (membrane
      permeable cation) inhibited the inducible N-acetylglucosamine uptake in C.
      albicans.

PMID- 398717
TI  - Use of tetramethylammonium hydroxide to determine the total fatty acid
      composition of microorganisms.
AB  - A destructive chromatographic method of identifying microorganisms is described.
      The method is based on hydrolysis of the biomass of the microorganisms in the
      presence of tetramethylammonium hydroxide, followed by introduction of the
      hydrolyzate into the heated injector of a gas chromatograph. The main products in
      this case are methyl esters of fatty acids, the composition of which is used as a
      diagnostic criterion. Chromatograms of the residues after chloroform-methanol
      extraction and the dynamics of the change in total fatty acids in the process of
      growth can also be used for identification. The dynamics of total fatty acids was
      studied in E. coli strain K-12, and destructive chromatograms for bacteria and
      yeasts are cited.

PMID- 398718
TI  - Progress in space biology.
AB  - Over the past two decades there has arisen a new branch of biology--space
      biology. This short review is devoted to a discussion of its achievements. It
      considers the results of research in the area of gravitation biology, and an
      account is made of studies in those areas of radiobiology which have relevance to
      the study of the cosmos. There is a brief summary of the results of the search
      for the upper and lower limits of the biosphere, and information is presented
      regarding the measures employed to maintain planetary quarantine. A great deal of
      attention has been given to the search for extraterrestrial life, one of the most
      important of problems. The results obtained with the aid of the American Viking
      probes on Mars are given special attention. The review presents experimental data
      based both upon data obtained in experiments on biological specimens during space
      flights of satellites and space vehicles, and also upon the results of laboratory
      research.

PMID- 398719
TI  - Anovulatory cycle correction by means of LH-releasing hormone and clomiphene.

PMID- 398720
TI  - [Adaptation of Class 2 porcelain inlay with various direct by fired investments
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 398721
TI  - [A statistical study of denture prosthetics (Part 3) (author's transl)].

PMID- 398722
TI  - [An orthodontically treated case after palatoplasty of cleft palate (author's
      transl(].

PMID- 398723
TI  - [Ultrastructural modifications of chondrocytes in mandibular condylar cartilage
      after treatment with various fixatives (author's transl)].

PMID- 398724
TI  - Officers and Council of the Ophthalmological Society of Egypt.

PMID- 398725
TI  - The Soliman Lecture. Recent advances in retinal detachment surgery.

PMID- 398726
TI  - Fluorescent antibody tests for toxoplasmosis in blind chilren in Egypt.

PMID- 398727
TI  - Histopathology of corneal buttons after keratoplasty.

PMID- 398728
TI  - Keratoplasty intrachomatous patients.

PMID- 398729
TI  - Advances in the diagnosis and concept of Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune
      exocrinopathy).

PMID- 398730
TI  - [Scientific problems following the worldwide eradication of smallpox].

PMID- 398731
TI  - [The artificial pancreas and the updating of insulin therapy].

PMID- 398732
TI  - [Non-classifiable HLA-B27 positive inflammatory rheumatism].

PMID- 398733
TI  - [Conservative surgery in the treatment of cancer of the throat. Indications,
      technic and results].

PMID- 398736
TI  - [Partial mastectomy with node dissection for small cancers of the breast. 435
      cases with 134 surviving more than 5 years].

PMID- 398735
TI  - [Intrasynovial enzymology].

PMID- 398734
TI  - [Digestive protein loss. A secondary effect of laxatives].

PMID- 398737
TI  - [Comparative study of ovarian tumors in man and animal].

PMID- 398738
TI  - [Laennec, a student of medicine].

PMID- 398740
TI  - [Arterial surgery for cerebral circulatory insufficiency. Present status and
      future prospects].

PMID- 398739
TI  - [Case of native cholera recently occurring in the Paris region. Reflections of an
      epidemiologic and physiopathologic nature].

PMID- 398742
TI  - [Animal products and products of animal origin (fish and other products of
      fishing)].

PMID- 398741
TI  - [Voluntary termination of pregnancy].

PMID- 398744
TI  - [Utilization of magnetic elements in dentures].

PMID- 398743
TI  - [Request for authorization to advertise as mineral water at its source and after
      transport by pipeline for use in public bars and bottles at Breuil-sur-Couze (Puy
      de-Dome) a new spring to be called Marie-Christine North].

PMID- 398746
TI  - [Ecology of the oral environment in the edentulous patient].

PMID- 398745
TI  - [Profile teleradiography in complete dentures: an examination by the general
      practitioner].

PMID- 398747
TI  - [Preservation of alveolar bone by overdentures. 3. Histological protocol].

PMID- 398748
TI  - [Occlusomandibular angle and facial type. Proof of this relation in the elderly
      dentate subject permitting calculation of the sagittal orientation of the
      occlusal plane in complete denture construction].

PMID- 398749
TI  - Mutagenic effect of 1.1'-hexamethylene-bis-[(5-p-chlorophenyl)-biguanide].
AB  - The strongly effective bactericidal compound 1.1'-hexamethylene-bis-[(5-p
      chlorophenyl)-biguanide] (HCG) induces mutations with a slight inactivation rate
      in the auxotrophic strains Salmonella typhimurium TA 1535 and TA 1538 in 0.4
      microM solution. The mutagenic effect could be confirmed by using the plate
      incorporation test and the repair test. As phenylethylbiguanide at different
      inactivation rates does not show any mutagenic effect, the biguanide structure
      does not seem to be responsible for chemical mutagenesis. A hypothetic mutation
      mechanism is proposed and compared with the corresponding reaction mechanism of N
      methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitro-soguanidine (MNNG).

PMID- 398750
TI  - Platinum(II) complexes block the entry of T4 phage DNA into the host cells.
AB  - The efficiency of multiplicity reactivation of T4 particles inactivated by
      platinum(II) complexes is very low. The same is true for marker rescue and
      functional survival of genes. This can be at least partly explained by the
      inability of most inactivated virus particles to introduce their DNA into the
      host cells as demonstrated by electron microscopy. Conformational changes in the
      DNA, formation of DNA-DNA and DNA-protein cross-links and the damage of proteins
      participating in the injection process could be responsible for the phenomenon
      observed.

PMID- 398751
TI  - [Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis].

PMID- 398752
TI  - [Leiomyoma of the esophagus. (Case report)].

PMID- 398753
TI  - [Acute granulomatous appendicitis. (Contribution to preventive appendectomy in
      acute ileitis)].
AB  - Starting with one case of acute granulomatous appendicitis of their own
      observation, the authors review the scant literature on the subject (only 23
      published cases to date) and advocate systematic appendicectomy in all isolated
      appendicular localizations of Crohn's disease. On the grounds that no post
      appendicectomy fistulization has ever been reported in such patients, the authors
      recommend prophylactic appendicectomy also in the far more frequent cases of
      acute ileitis, to forestall the possibility of evolution into chronic Crohn's
      disease and the risk of missing a nongranulomatous acute appendicitis appearing
      with the same clinical symptoms.

PMID- 398754
TI  - Biological activity of lipopolysaccharides isolated from bacteria in human
      periodontal lesions.

PMID- 398755
TI  - [Structure and properties of new dental casting machine "Castmatic" (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 398757
TI  - [Methods of analgesia for tooth extraction a century ago].

PMID- 398756
TI  - [Prof. Jozef Wodniecki, D.D.S].

PMID- 398758
TI  - [Solitary osseous cyst in early childhood].

PMID- 398759
TI  - The regulation of methionine biosynthesis and metabolism in plants and bacteria.
AB  - The amino acids biosynthetically derived from asparate including methionine are
      all essential in the diet of monogastric animals. Most of this requirement is met
      by plant foods. The methionine biosynthetic pathways in plants and bacteria are
      outlined and compared. Regulation in bacterial systems is by a combination of
      repression and feedback inhibition whereas in plants repression is unimportant.
      Several enzymes in the branched pathway to methionine in plants are regulated by
      feedback inhibition; others are yet to be investigated. In plants may amino acid
      biosynthetic enzymes are localized in plastids and this is also likely for
      methionine biosynthesis. Methionine occupies an important position in cellular
      metabolism where the processes of one-carbon transfer via S-adenosylmethionine,
      protein synthesis, protein initiation and ethylene synthesis are interlocked.
      Attempts to increase the levels of free methionine have been made by selecting
      for plant mutants resistant to lysine plus threonine. One dominant mutation
      causes elevation of free amino acid levels in vegetative tissues but also has
      undesirable side-effects. The potential of such approaches is discussed.

PMID- 398760
TI  - The oxidation of sulphite in animals systems.
AB  - In animals the terminal step in the pathway for degradation of sulphur-containing
      amino acids is the oxidation of sulphite to sulphate. This reaction is catalysed
      by the enzyme sulphite oxidase. The enzyme contains molybdenum and a cytochrome
      b5 type haem, is localized in the mitochondrial intermembrane space and transfers
      electrons from sulphite to cytochrome c on the inner membrane. The sulphite
      oxidase protein has a molecular weight of 110 000 (chicken) to 122 000 (human)
      and exists as a dimer of identical subunits. The haem and molybdenum cofactors
      are present on separate domains of the molecule. The structure of the molydbenum
      cofactor has not been worked out in detail, but this cofactor is known to be
      present in many other molybdoenzymes including xanthine oxidase and nitrate
      reductase. Three cases of genetic sulphite oxidase deficiency in humans have been
      reported. The three affected children displayed mental retardation, neurological
      abnormalities and dislocated ocular lenses. The biochemical basis for lack of
      enzyme activity in each case has been studied. All three have been shown to lack
      the sulphite oxidase protein, but in one case this appears to be secondary to a
      defect in synthesis of the molybdenum cofactor. Sulphite oxidase deficiency has
      been produced in the rat by administration of high levels of tungsten. Sulphite
      oxidase-deficient animals are particularly susceptible to the toxic effects of
      sulphite and atmospheric sulphur dioxide.

PMID- 398761
TI  - Observations on the biological roles of sulphatases.
AB  - Until recently little was known about the biological roles played by sulphatase
      enzymes, owing in part to the selection of assay substrates that were convenient
      but only removely related to the natural substrates. Once this was recognized the
      elucidation of function proceeded more rapidly. Microbial sulphatases appear to
      have roles to play in the nutrition of individual microorganisms whilst
      collectively they enable sulphur, returned to soils and waters in the form of
      sulphate esters, to be made available for recycling. In contrast, with one or two
      important exceptions, mammalian sulphatases are concerned, in association with
      other enzymes, with the turnover of macromolecules. Still defying understanding
      are the roles of sulphatases acting on adenosine 5'-phosphosulphate (APT) and 3'
      phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphate (PAPA). APS sulphatases have now been
      purified from ox-liver lysosomes and cytosol and from a strain of Comamonas
      terrigena. The lysosomal enzyme shows wide specificity and can hydrolyse ATP,
      ADP, FED and pyrophosphate. The cytosol enzyme is apparently specific and may be
      active only when cellular concentrations of ATP are low. The bacterial enzyme is
      also specific and has properties and a cellular localization that suggest the
      possibility of its involvement in sulphate transport.

PMID- 398762
TI  - Studies on the nature and regulation of the cellular thio:disulphide potential.
AB  - Microsomal fractions separated from homogenates of liver, kidney and corpora
      lutea contain a monooxygenase (dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide forming],
      EC 1.14.13.8) that catalyses NADPH- and oxygen-dependent oxidation of cysteamine
      to cystamine. The monooxygenase purified to homogeneity from hog liver also
      catalyses oxygenations of diverse xenobiotics, but it does not catalyse oxidation
      of any other physiological sulphur- or nitrogen-containing compounds. All the
      available evidence indicates that cysteamine is the physiological substrate for
      the monooxygenase, and the oxidation of this thiol to the disulphide may be a
      significant source of disulphide maintaining the cellular thiol:disulphide
      potential. The concentration of protein-low molecular weight mixed disulphide is
      a function of this potential. Changes in concentration of this protein-mixed
      disulphide reflect changes in thiol:disulphide balance. At constant substrate
      concentrations the potential would depend primarily on activity of the cytosol
      glutathione reductase (NAD(P)H: oxidized-glutathione oxidoreductase, EC 1.6.4.2)
      relative to that of the membrane-bound monooxygenase. In hepatic tissue from
      adult mice and hamsters there is a correlation between the concentration of
      protein-mixed disulphide and the activity of the monooxygenase relative to the
      reductase. Hepatic glutathione reductase is relatively constant in mice, but the
      monooxygenase is much higher in the female than in the male. After gonadectomy
      monooxygenase activity decreases in the female and increases in the male.
      Activities are restored to control levels by treating males with testosterone and
      females with progesterone. Testosterone decreases and progesterone increases
      activity. These two hormones apparently regulate the level of this enzyme in
      hepatic tissue.

PMID- 398763
TI  - Sulphydryl oxidase: oxidation of sulphydryl groups and the formation of three
      dimensional structure in proteins.
AB  - Sulphydryl oxidase, an enzyme isolated from milk, catalyses the de novo synthesis
      of disulphide bonds. Thiol groups in amino acids or their derivatives, peptides,
      and proteins are oxidized; molecular oxygen serves as the electron acceptor and
      undergoes a two-electron reduction to hydrogen peroxide. Michaelis constants vary
      considerably amongst various substrates; glutathione is a particularly good
      substrate. Inhibition studies and oxidation of 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran suggest
      a mechanism involving an electron transfer to singlet O2 forming an enzyme-bound
      hydroperoxy group. Evidence for a direct interaction of the enzyme with
      horseradish peroxidase was also obtained. Although protein-folding appears to be
      thermodynamically favoured, rates of spontaneous acquisition of functional three
      dimensional structures in disulphide-containing proteins have appeared
      disturbingly slow. In the presence of sulphydryl oxidase, functional structure is
      rapidly acquired by both reductively unfolded ribonuclease A and reductively
      denatured immobilized chymotrypsinogen A as judged by restoration of native
      fluorescence characteristics and biological activity. Preliminary data suggest
      that unlike thiol:protein-disulphide oxidoreductase, protein-disulphide
      isomerase, or GSSG/GSH redox systems, sulphydryl oxidase does not permit a
      'reshuffling' of disulphide bonds.

PMID- 398764
TI  - Sulphur in biology. General discussion.

PMID- 398765
TI  - Diseases of sulphur metabolism: implications for the methionine-homocysteine
      cycle, and vitamin responsiveness.
AB  - Sixteen inherited human diseases are now recognized, affecting most of the major
      steps in sulphur metabolism. Studies of patients with three types of
      homocystinuria have demonstrated unequivocally the major role of cystathionine
      formation in degradation of homocysteine, and the importance of homocysteine
      remethylation. Methionine balance studies of normal subjects and of a sarcosine
      oxidase-deficient subject have shown the predominant role of creatine synthesis
      in methionine utilization and permitted assessment of the rate of oxidation of
      the methyl group of methionine. Together, the results demonstrate that once
      regulatory adjustments have been made the rate of methylneogensis is nicely
      controlled so that labile methyl groups are made available in amounts just
      sufficient to meet the needs for methionine. When excess methionine is ingested
      the four-carbon moiety is diverted into cystathionine, the methyl group is
      oxidized via sarcosine and the flow of partially oxidized one-carbon units is
      diverted away from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate toward CO2. Studies of cystathionine
      synthase-deficient patients demonstrate that the capacity to respond or not to
      respond to pyridoxine administration is genetically controlled, probably through
      structural differences in mutant cystathionine synthases. However, the properties
      of the enzyme crucial in conferring responsiveness have not yet been identified.

PMID- 398766
TI  - The sulphur cycle: definitions, mechanisms and dynamics.
AB  - The principal biochemical processes of the sulphur cycle are described and the
      types of organisms known to catalyse the reductive and oxidative phases of the
      cycle outlined. Attention is drawn to the shortcomings in our current knowledge
      of the scale of turnover of the sulphur cycle and of our understanding of the
      microorganisms involved in specialized environments. Examples of some special
      habitats are used to illustrate these points. The role of sulphate-reducing
      bacteria and sulphur-oxidizing chemolithotrophs in the formation and recycling of
      sulphide minerals is described.

PMID- 398767
TI  - Pathways of assimilatory sulphate reduction in plants and microorganisms.
AB  - Assimilatory sulphate reduction, largely restricted to plants and microorganisms
      where it provides reduced sulphur for the formation of amino acids and proteins,
      nucleic acids, and various sulphur-containing coenzymes, begins with the
      activation of sulphate through reaction with ATP to form adenosine 5'
      phosphosulphate (APS) and adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulphate (PAPS). Two
      pathways of assimilatory sulphate reduction are known. One, found in some blue
      green algae (cyanobacteria) and in all oxygen-envolving eukaryotes, begins with
      APS where the sulpho group is transferred via APS sulphotransferase to a thiol
      acceptor (glutathione (G-S-) in Chlorella) to form the organic thiosulphate (G-S
      SO-3). The organic thiosulphate appears to be reduced further by an organic
      thiosulphate reductase employing reduced ferredoxin to form G-S-S-. The terminal
      sulphur is then thought to be reductively transferred to O-acetylserine via O
      acetylserine sulphydrase to form cysteine. A second pathway, found in bacteria
      and fungi, begins with PAPS where the sulpho group is transferred via PAPS
      sulphotransferase to an acceptor thiol to form an organic thiosulphate. Since
      thioredoxin is indispensable, this molecule may be the carrier or may serve to
      reduce the carrier. NADPH via thioredoxin reductase or glutathione and
      glutathione reductase reduces thioredoxin. These reactions release sulphite which
      is further reduced to sulphide by sulphite reductase, employing NADPH. Sulphide
      is then thought to react with O-acetylserine to form cysteine via O-acetylserine
      sulphydrase. The cellular location and evolution of these pathways is discussed.

PMID- 398768
TI  - Synthesis of L-cysteine in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - In Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli the biosynthesis of L-cysteine
      from L-serine and inorganic sulphate proceeds along a branched convergent pathway
      along one arm of which sulphate is reduced to sulphide, while on the other L
      serine is acetylated to O-acetyl-L-serine. This system is subject to positive
      genetic control in which growth on a poor sulphur source, O-acetyl-L-serine and
      the product of the cysB regulatory gene are all required for derepression. The
      final step consists of the formation of L-cysteine from O-acetyl-L-serine and
      sulphide. We find that in S. typhimurium this reaction is catalysed by two
      different enzymes, O-acetylserine sulphydrylase A and O-acetylserine
      sulphydrylase B, coded for by cysK and cysM respectively. Both enzymes are under
      the control of the cysteine regulon, and either alone is sufficient for cysteine
      prototrophy during aerobic growth. Although the advantage to the bacterium of
      having two separate enzymes to carry out the same reaction is unclear,
      preliminary data suggest that O-acetylserine sulphydrylase B is preferentially
      utilized for cysteine biosynthesis during anaerobic growth. We speculate that one
      enzyme may prefer free sulphide as a substrate while the other may use a bound
      form of sulphide.

PMID- 398769
TI  - A histopathological study of the gingiva in diabetic patients using insulin and
      sulphonylureas.

PMID- 398770
TI  - Low-fusing porcelain with non-precious dental alloy.

PMID- 398772
TI  - A two-part removable partial denture.

PMID- 398771
TI  - New approach for setting up the lower posterior teeth.

PMID- 398773
TI  - Analysis of the repertoire of anti-(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP)
      antibodies in C 57 BL/6 mice by cell fusion. II. Characterization of idiotopes by
      monoclonal anti-idiotope antibodies.

PMID- 398775
TI  - Surface Ig on rabbit lymphocytes. Rabbit B and T cells are distinct populations.
AB  - Rabbit peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were analyzed by immunofluorescence
      using anti-T cell conjugates and anti-Fab, anti-a1 allotype, anti-IgM and anti
      IgA conjugates. In addition, T cells were demonstrated by rosetting with papain
      treated homologous erythrocytes. Control experiments, using acid treatment and
      incubation at 37 degrees C for 18 h after or without pronase treatment, revealed
      the endogenous origin of all surface determinants tested. A good correlation was
      found between results obtained with the two anti-T cell conjugates used and the T
      rosette test on PBL and on lymphoid cells isolated from various organs. In
      lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood and from various lymphoid organs, the
      percentages of T and B cells were respectively 45 and 38 for PBL, 10 and 46 for
      bone marrow, 27 and 31 for appendix, 40 and 45 for spleen, 42 and 46 for Peyer's
      patches, 96 and 0.3 for thymus and 70 and 16 for peripheral lymph nodes. The
      percentage of "null" cells in lymphocyte populations derived from bone marrow and
      appendix is rather high. The final percentages of T and B cells in rabbit PBL
      depend to a significant extent on the method of isolation, especially isolation
      by Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation results in a depletion of T cells. Moreover, a
      rather impure lymphoid cell suspension is obtained. In double incubation
      experiments, T cells (as defined by T cell antigen(s) or rosette formation) and B
      cells (Fab-bearing cells) were entirely different subpopulations. Allotypes of
      the a locus could not be detected on the surface of T cells. The results are
      discussed with respect to genetic coding of antigen receptors on B and T cells.

PMID- 398774
TI  - Markers of macrophage heterogeneity. I. Studies of macrophages from various
      organs of normal mice.
AB  - A unique subpopulation of macrophages (M phi) was identified among the spleen and
      bone marrow M phi of normal mice. After 24 h of culture, approximately 2.5% of
      the adherent cells cluster into "foci" of 10-30 cells. On the basis of their
      phagocytic and morphologic characteristics, these focus-forming M phi (FF-M phi)
      appeared to be highly activated. Uncoated sheep erythrocytes (E) were ingested by
      FF-m phi indicating that opsonization was not a prerequisite for phagocytosis.
      However, IgM-coated E (EIgM) were more readily phagocytosed by FF-M phi than were
      E suggesting that IgM is recognized as an effective opsonin by these cells. EIgM
      and E coated with IgM and complement (C) (EIgMC) were ingested by approximately
      the same percentage of FF-M phi; thus, if these cells possess complement
      receptors in addition to structures which bind EIgM, the C receptors do not
      enhance the ability of FF-M phi to ingest opsonized particles. The non-focus
      forming M phi, e.g. individual M phi (I-M phi), in the spleen and bone marrow
      can, themselves, be divided into various subpopulations distinguished by their
      ability to bind and ingest E, EIgM ana EIgMC. These may represent various
      subpopulations of M phi or M phi at various stages of activation or
      differentiation. While spleen and bone marrow M phi contained FF-M phi and I-M
      phi which vary in their ability to ingest E, EIgM and EIgMC, theM phi of the
      peritoneum and blood of normal mice were far more homogeneous. Peritoneal and
      blood M phi did not form foci, ad did not ingest E or EIgM in significant amounts
      although a small percentage were able to ingest EIgMC. These data suggest that
      the population of M phi in the spleen and bone marrow are far more heterogenous
      than those found in the peritoneum or blood and that binding and phagocytosis of
      various coated and uncoated erythrocytes can be studied to elucidate this
      heterogeneity.

PMID- 398776
TI  - [Radiographic evaluation of direct reading in electronic measurements in
      endodontics].

PMID- 398777
TI  - [Extensive provisional bridges in baked resin: a technic to avoid fracture].

PMID- 398778
TI  - [TEchnical possibilities of precision model castings and sources of errors].

PMID- 398779
TI  - [Bar splinting, bar dislocation, and bar fixation. Contribution on the
      polyvalency of bars].

PMID- 398780
TI  - [History of prosthetics (V)].

PMID- 398781
TI  - [Combination work in a one-piece casting method. Application to porcelain-fusing
      alloys].

PMID- 398782
TI  - [Technical possibilities of precision model castings and sources of errors].

PMID- 398783
TI  - [History of prosthetics (VI)].

PMID- 398784
TI  - [Use of duplicating compounds in the precision technic].

PMID- 398785
TI  - [Value of certified irreversible and reversible compounds].

PMID- 398786
TI  - [Dental fine casting with lost-wax models].

PMID- 398787
TI  - [History of prosthetics].

PMID- 398788
TI  - [The control model. Limits of precision of duplication].

PMID- 398789
TI  - [Form and use of artificial teeth].

PMID- 398791
TI  - [History of prosthetics. II].

PMID- 398790
TI  - [Is there an alternative to gold alloys?].

PMID- 398792
TI  - [Non-precious alloys handling and porcelain fusion].

PMID- 398793
TI  - [Set-up for bracket masking and positioner].

PMID- 398795
TI  - [Introduction to ideas in the setting of the gnathological approach].

PMID- 398794
TI  - [History of prosthetics. III].

PMID- 398796
TI  - [History of prosthetics. IV].

PMID- 398797
TI  - [Milling and attachment technic: how accurate can a model casting be?].

PMID- 398798
TI  - [Functional muscle activity and base shaping of complete dentures].

PMID- 398799
TI  - [Bond between dental ceramic and precious metal alloys with gold layers].

PMID- 398800
TI  - [Use of S-221 (Sedes G) for the pain following tooth extraction--comparative
      study with Sedes by double blind method].

PMID- 398801
TI  - [Removable bridge with a new retainer, I-C attachment].

PMID- 398802
TI  - [Trends in dental education and prosthesis in the United States and Denmark].

PMID- 398803
TI  - [The preci-vertix].

PMID- 398804
TI  - [Schreinemaker's impression. V].

PMID- 398805
TI  - [Schreinemaker's impression. VI].

PMID- 398806
TI  - Improving the onlay temporary restoration.

PMID- 398807
TI  - [Drive and transmission instruments for the use of rotary instruments].

PMID- 398809
TI  - [Renovascular hypertension: medical and surgical treatment].

PMID- 398808
TI  - [Nocturnal asystolia revealed with Holter monitoring in asymptomatic hypokinetic
      arrhythmia. Report of two cases (author's transl)].
AB  - The Authors report on two cases of hypokinetic arrhythmia with good ventricular
      rate during the day. In these cases the Holter monitoring showed, during the
      night, a marked slow down of the cardiac rhythm with short period of cardiac
      arrest up to 4280 ms. The Authors would like to underline the prognostic and
      therapeutic importance of the above said remarks, also mentioned by others in the
      most recent literature, and the necessity to go deeply in to the meaning of these
      events specially about possibility of sudden death and cerebral hypossia, during
      the slow down of cardiac rhythm. In both cases a good therapeutic effect,
      consisting in a complete normalization of the cardiac rate, has been optained
      with sustained preparation of sympaticomimetic and vagolitic drugs. On the basis
      of their experience, the Authors think that, in these cases, the pharmacologic
      therapy, neglected during the last years, could give a good therapeutical result.

PMID- 398810
TI  - [Diaxozide-induced acute stimulation of plasma renin activity in renal veins for
      diagnosis and prognosis in hypertensive patients (author's transl)].
AB  - Vena cava and renal veins PRA were measured and their ratios calculated (Ra/Rc
      and Rc/P) in 15 hypertensive patients before and after diazoside infusion (300 mg
      i.v.). Among the 4 patients with unilateral renal artery stenosis, 3 had both
      ratios significant in basal conditions. After diazoxide infusion, the ratios
      became significant in the 4th case, successfully operated. Surgery induced
      normalization of blood pressure also in 2 of 3 cases affected by renoparenchimal
      alterations: of these patients 1 had ratios significant in basal conditions and
      both after diazoxide. One patient had unilateral renal artery stenosis and
      controlateral small kidney: his ratios was significant in favour of small kidney
      both before and after diaxozide infusion. The correction of renal artery stenosis
      gave no results in blood pressure. In patients with essential hypertension the
      PRA values in renal veins were not significantly different either before and
      after diazoxide. In conclusion the acute diazoxide stimulation seems to improve
      the prognostic value of renal veins PRA and their ratios for the detection of
      surgically curable forms of renal hypertension.

PMID- 398811
TI  - [Controlled trial of effectiveness of verapamil in angina (author's transl)].

PMID- 398812
TI  - [Primary pulmonary hypertension. Presentation of 3 cases and review of
      literature].

PMID- 398813
TI  - [Changes in plasma renin activity induced by acute administration of nifedipine
      in hypertensive patients (author's transl)].
AB  - In the present study we assessed plasma renin activity (PRA) variations induced
      by Ca++ antagonist antihypertensive drug Nifedipine in 8 normoreninaemic or
      hyporeninaemic hypertensive patients. On two successive days three venous blood
      samples were sampled, two in clinostatic position and the last one 120 min later
      in orthostatic position; on the second day 20 mg of nifedipine were administered
      sublingually. Nifedipine increases significantly PRA after orthostatic position
      compared with starting conditions (p < 0.01) and compared with the values
      recorded without the drug at the same times (p < 0.01). Both systolic and
      diastolic blood pressure decreased 15 and 120 min after nifedipine administration
      while heart rate increased at the same times. Acute nifedipine administration
      augments PRA in hypertensive subjects; explanatory hypoteses are proposed.

PMID- 398814
TI  - [Current status of the surgical treatment of congenital heart diseases].

PMID- 398815
TI  - [Early exercise testing after myocardial infarction (author's transl)].
AB  - 203 patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction performed a
      cycloergometric submaximal exercise test before leaving hospital. The causes for
      stopping the test were fatigue or submaximal heart rate (24,1%), angina (14,2%),
      ischaemic S-T changes (28,08%), arrhythmias (4,9%) and changes of blood pressure
      (17,2%). No important complications were observed. The test proved useful for the
      definition of more objective criteria in order to prescribe an individualized
      rehabilitation programme. Above all it was possible to prescribe treatment which
      would not have otherwise been prescribed at the time of discharge. The short term
      prognostic value is not, however quite clear as yet.

PMID- 398816
TI  - [Monitoring of NEFA and other biochemical parameters in acute myocardial
      infarct].
AB  - Glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, NEFA and cortisole behaviour as well as
      insulin activity have been studied in the A.M.I. NEFA were found to be in most
      cases arrhythmy inducers; especially when the NEFA exceed 1200 muEq/l; in this
      cases, they bring to an unfavourable development of the acute coronary episode.
      The Authors observed that the peak of NEFA frequently precedes the peak of MB
      CPK, while no relation was found between their amplitude. Prognosis becomes
      unfavourable when cortisole levels are high. Therapeutical utility of insulin
      glucose-potassium solutions is confirmed; this because of NEFA high levels found
      in the first period of A.M.I.

PMID- 398817
TI  - [The atrial stimulation test in ischemic cardiopathy. Clinical importance and
      effects on left ventricular function].

PMID- 398818
TI  - Stabilizing the individualized acrylic tray for partial denture impression.

PMID- 398819
TI  - An esthetic anterior clasp design.

PMID- 398821
TI  - [The "Reform of Pharmacies" (1536) by the Berne town physician Otto Brunfels].

PMID- 398820
TI  - A mucostatic impression technique.

PMID- 398822
TI  - [Official measures against plague in the town and territory of Rheinfelden in the
      16th and 17th centuries].

PMID- 398823
TI  - [The origin of the concept of diseases of civilization].

PMID- 398824
TI  - [Nikolaus Senn (1844-1908), a Swiss pioneer of surgery in the United States].

PMID- 398825
TI  - [Jakob Klaesi - sleep therapy and anti-eidodiathesis].

PMID- 398826
TI  - [Louis Lewin 1850-1929].

PMID- 398827
TI  - [Wilhelm Bernhard 1920-1978].

PMID- 398828
TI  - Tumours of the skin.

PMID- 398829
TI  - Tumours of the Harderian gland.

PMID- 398830
TI  - Tumours of the oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus and stomach.

PMID- 398831
TI  - Tumours of the intestines and peritoneum.

PMID- 398832
TI  - Tumours of the liver.

PMID- 398833
TI  - Tumours of the kidney, renal pelvis and ureter.

PMID- 398834
TI  - Tumours of the urinary bladder.

PMID- 398835
TI  - Tumours of the accessory male sex glands.

PMID- 398836
TI  - Tumours of the vagina and uterus.

PMID- 398837
TI  - Tumours of the pituitary gland.

PMID- 398838
TI  - Tumours of the soft tissues.

PMID- 398840
TI  - Tumours of the jaws.

PMID- 398839
TI  - Tumours of the bone.

PMID- 398841
TI  - Teratomas.

PMID- 398842
TI  - Acute aortic regurgitation.

PMID- 398843
TI  - Disappearance from blood and urinary excretion of 35S-thiamin in sheep. A kinetic
      study.
AB  - In seven experiments with two adult sheep a single dose of 35S-thiamin was
      injected intravenously. Blood and urine samples were taken at short intervals
      after dosing and analyzed for 35S-radioactivity. The data obtained were subjected
      to a curve fitting computer program. The disappearance of 35S-thiamin from blood
      followed a three-exponential function; the average half-times of the three
      components were 0.4, 3.7 and 93.7 minutes. Urinary excretion of the tracer was
      also three-exponential and amounted to 19--32% of the injected dose over 150
      minutes.

PMID- 398844
TI  - Restoration of endodontically treated teeth. A discussion out of reviews.
AB  - Cores, dowels and pins provide retention and support for restorations and protect
      the residual tooth substance. Their use is essential in restorative dentistry.

PMID- 398845
TI  - The bending strength of acrylic resin samples repaired under pressure.
AB  - The bending strength of heat-cured resin samples was found to be 49% higher than
      that of autopolymerizing resin samples cured under room conditions. Curing the
      latter resin in a pressure vessel at 32psi and 30 degrees C increased its
      strength by 4.5%. For this reason and because a less porous material is obtained,
      pressure-curing may be employed with advantage for the preparation of various
      appliances from S.C. resin. The effect of pressure-curing in increasing the
      strength of the repaired samples was not significant. It would also appear that
      pressure affects the porosity of small quantities of repair material less than
      when appliances are made from S.C. resins only. The increase in strength achieved
      by pressure-curing repairs, in which only small quantities of S.C. resin are
      used, is therefore questionable.

PMID- 398846
TI  - Pulp capping (a review).
AB  - Pulp exposure remains a source of great frustration to the dental practitioner,
      because the outcome of any pulp capping procedure is marked with uncertainty. The
      clinician is often unaware of the coexistence of possible pulp pathology at the
      time of damage to the pulpal wall. Until a more accurate clinically and
      histologic diagnosis can be made, pulp capping as a clinical treatment, can only
      be rendered on an empirical basis.

PMID- 398847
TI  - Pathologic conditions of the oral mucosa associated with ill-fitting dentures:
      III. Epulis fissuratum and flabby ridge.
AB  - Denture-induced changes of the oral mucosa comprise, besides denture stomatitis
      and inflammatory papillary hyperplasia, the so called folds and redundancies in
      sulci and flabby ridges. The present article deals with these two tissue
      reactions which are associated with chronically ill-fitting dentures.

PMID- 398848
TI  - [Confronting jaw cysts].

PMID- 398849
TI  - [Immediate dentures--impressions].

PMID- 398851
TI  - [Current perception of the applications of high and ultra-high speed to
      dentistry].

PMID- 398850
TI  - [Fractures of the zygomatic bone. 25 cases].

PMID- 398852
TI  - Long term effects of yoga on hypertension and/or coronary artery disease.

PMID- 398853
TI  - [Telethermography in malignant primary bone tumors (author's transl)].

PMID- 398855
TI  - Combination plaster-rubber impression for fixed restorations.

PMID- 398856
TI  - [Electron microscopic studies on the initial formation of Korff's fibrils].

PMID- 398854
TI  - Stereochemical course of the decarboxylation of (S)-glutamic acid by glutamate
      decarboxylase from Escherichia coli (E.C. 4.1.1.15).

PMID- 398857
TI  - [A review of literature concerned with biomaterials in the jaws].

PMID- 398858
TI  - [A recent review--biomaterials in the jaws].

PMID- 398859
TI  - [Studies on the relative growth of parts, and the growth and development of teeth
      and oral organ in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis].

PMID- 398860
TI  - [The approach to study of Korff's fibers].

PMID- 398862
TI  - [Histiocytosis (a review)].

PMID- 398861
TI  - [Case reports and literature of the transplantation and replantation of the
      teeth].

PMID- 398863
TI  - [Studies on the role of volume of palatal fluid in the retention of maxillary
      complete dentures (author's transl)].

PMID- 398864
TI  - Recent trends in research on occupational cervicobrachial disorder.
AB  - Recent rapid development of mechanization and automatization in many industries
      in Japan have increased simple and repetitive tasks that have resulted in some
      new types of occupational health hazards, in particular among young female
      workers. One of them is occupational cervicobrachial disorder, the concept of
      which was established by the committee organized by the Japan Association of
      Industrial Health in 1972. The committee demonstrated that the disorder resulted
      from repetitive upper limb manipulation in punching and operating various kinds
      of business machines, and concluded that the disorder was closely related to
      chronic fatigue in the shoulders, neck, lower back and other parts of the body.
      In 1975 a study team was organized with a grant from the Ministry of Education.
      The team was divided into four working groups. Topics of these groups were 1)
      etiology of the disorder, 2) natural history of the disorder in various kinds of
      jobs, 3) mass examination techniques for the disorder, and 4) a health care
      system to be provided for the workers. The persent report summarizes the results
      of group discussions with a view to indicating the current problems of
      occupational cervicobrachial disorder and the necessary future steps for its care
      treatment and prevention.

PMID- 398865
TI  - A rare complication of fissure-in-ano.

PMID- 398866
TI  - [The changes of lysosomal enzyme activity in pocket exudate and gingiva due to
      the artificial periodontal pocket being repaired (author's transl)].

PMID- 398867
TI  - The hemophiliac--a review of the literature and dental treatment recommendations.

PMID- 398868
TI  - Evaluating the floor of the mouth for lingual bar major connecting positioning of
      a removable partial denture.

PMID- 398869
TI  - Within shouting distance: Paul Ramsey and Richard McCormick on method.

PMID- 398870
TI  - Statistical forecasting in a hospital clinical laboratory.
AB  - Three forecasting methodologies were applied to monthly laboratory test count
      data in order to arrive at a best procedure for forecasting ahead to cover the
      next fiscal year. The purpose of the forecasting was, first, to aid in
      reimbursement and income decisions and, second, to assist in operations
      management decisions within the laboratory itself. The Box-Jenkins ARIMA models
      were found to be superior in all cases, and forecasts for individual test counts
      (as opposed to packages of tests billed as a unit) were improved if forecasts for
      inpatients and outpatients were done separately and then aggregated. With 2 years
      of experience to go on, the annual forecast error stands at around 4.5%.

PMID- 398871
TI  - My hobby--endodontics.

PMID- 398872
TI  - Evaluation of systemic immunological reactions to AH-26 root canal sealer.

PMID- 398873
TI  - Phenacetin: an update.

PMID- 398874
TI  - A histological evaluation of the human pulp in teeth with varying degrees of
      periodontal disease.

PMID- 398875
TI  - Endodontic treatment of a patient with maxillary resection: a case report.

PMID- 398876
TI  - Computer analysis of radiocardiograms by means of a statistical model.

PMID- 398877
TI  - Determination of extravascular lung water by dilution methods. I. Theoretical
      considerations.

PMID- 398878
TI  - Effects of sandblasting and electrolytic polishing on surface roughness of
      chromium-cobalt castings.

PMID- 398879
TI  - Sealant retention on primary teeth: a critique of clinical and laboratory
      studies.

PMID- 398880
TI  - Selection and management of young obturator patients.

PMID- 398882
TI  - Therapy for aphthous lesions reviewed.

PMID- 398881
TI  - A scanning electron microscope in-vitro study of the enamel sealant boundary
      utilizing a replica technique.

PMID- 398883
TI  - The influence of a topical stannous fluoride application on the tensile bond
      strength of pit and fissure sealants.

PMID- 398886
TI  - The complete bilateral subperiosteal implant--the Universal.

PMID- 398887
TI  - Dental implant design: a critical review.

PMID- 398884
TI  - The rise and fall of the Laotian and Vietnamese opiate trades.

PMID- 398885
TI  - Voluntary drug self-administration by nonhumans: a review.

PMID- 398888
TI  - Today and tomorrow of bioceramics.

PMID- 398890
TI  - An alternative technique to the endosseous blade implant.

PMID- 398889
TI  - The Asklipion unilateral subperiosteal implant for the partially edentulous
      mandible.

PMID- 398891
TI  - Mucosal inserts.

PMID- 398892
TI  - Full maxillary subperiosteal pterygoid extention implant.

PMID- 398893
TI  - The importance of correct implant site selection.

PMID- 398894
TI  - Mandibular subperiosteal implant.

PMID- 398895
TI  - Laboratory procedures for subperiosteal implant dentures.

PMID- 398896
TI  - Inclusion complexes of cyclodextrins with organic drug molecules.

PMID- 398897
TI  - Use of nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in natural-product
      chemistry.

PMID- 398899
TI  - Deoxygenation and anomerization of methyl glycofuranosides with Grignard
      reagents.

PMID- 398898
TI  - Deoxygenation of aminoglycosides.

PMID- 398900
TI  - Preparatively useful reactions involving nitrogenous sugars and some applications
      with carbohydrate-containing antibiotics.
AB  - This work describes the development of useful synthetic methodology with simple
      sugars, practical applications for conversion of abundant precursors into
      modified sugars (especially amino and deoxy sugars) of importance in various
      groups of natural products, and the conversion of such products into compounds of
      biological or pharmacological interest, especially carbohydrate antibiotics and
      their analogs. Examples of synthetic methodology illustrate various routes to
      deoxygenated (saturated, alkenic, and acetylenic), and oxidized (carbonylic,
      aldehydic, and carboxylic) functionality from hydroxyl and amino precursors.
      Unusual modes of sugar protection by such procedures as kinetic acetonation are
      discussed, together with the use of diazo and hydrazino groups for access to
      novel structures, including extended carbon-chain sugars and sugar--heterocycle
      conjugates. The broad utility of 5-membered benzylidene acetals in regiospecific
      routes to alpha, beta-deoxycarbonyl sugars is the basis of general methodology
      for practical, large-scale synthesis of aminopolydeoxy sugars, with daunosamine
      as the prototype, of widely varied substitution-mode and stereochemistry.
      Implications of the foregoing are discussed in relation to several classes of
      antibiotics, especially the anthracyclines and analogs thereof. A range of 7-O
      (amino sugar-substituted)daunomycinones have been synthesized, together with 3'
      hydroxy-daunorubicin and adriamycin, and their antitumor and toxicological
      properties evaluated; prospects for useful total synthesis will be mentioned.

PMID- 398901
TI  - Industrial chemical synthesis of dideoxykanamycin B.

PMID- 398902
TI  - Chemical modification of tobramycin.

PMID- 398903
TI  - Some recent advances in the chemistry of antibiotics of the gentamicin series.

PMID- 398904
TI  - Chemical studies on destomycin A.

PMID- 398905
TI  - Some chemical modifications of aminoglycoside antibiotics.

PMID- 398906
TI  - Biosynthesis and mutasynthesis of aminocyclitol antibiotics.

PMID- 398908
TI  - Total synthesis of aminoglycoside antibiotics.

PMID- 398907
TI  - Biosynthesis of sisomicin and gentamicin.

PMID- 398909
TI  - Child health in Singapore--past, present and future.

PMID- 398910
TI  - Sequence of the amino-terminal region of rat liver ribosomal proteins S4, S6, S8,
      L6, L7a, L18, L27, L30, L37, L37a, and L39.
AB  - The sequence of the amino-terminal region of eleven rat liver ribosomal proteins-
      S4, S6, S8, L6, L7a, L18, L27, L30, L37a, and L39--was determined. The analysis
      confirmed the homogeneity of the proteins and suggests that they are unique,
      since no extensive common sequences were found. The N-terminal regions of the rat
      liver proteins were compared with amino acid sequences in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae and in Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins. It seems likely that the
      proteins L37 from rat liver and Y55 from yeast ribosomes are homologous. It is
      possible that rat liver L7a or L37a or both are related to S cerevisiae Y44,
      although the similar sequences are at the amino-terminus of the rat liver
      proteins and in an internal region of Y44. A number of similarities in the
      sequences of rat liver and E coli ribosomal proteins have been found; however, it
      is not yet possible to say whether they connote a common ancestry.

PMID- 398911
TI  - Analysis of cell surface interactions by measurements of lateral mobility.

PMID- 398912
TI  - [Dr. Antun Lobmayer (1844-1906) - a pioneer of modern obstetrics and obstetrical
      education in Croatia].

PMID- 398913
TI  - [Torticollis in children].

PMID- 398914
TI  - [A case of cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita with review of the
      literature].

PMID- 398915
TI  - [Association of renal sarcoma with hydatid cyst of the kidney (apropos of a
      case)].

PMID- 398917
TI  - [Etiological importance of Toxoplasma gondii in chronic prurigo].

PMID- 398916
TI  - [Effect of L-tetramisol associated with rifampicin in patients with lepromatous
      leprosy. L-tetramisol in patients with lepromatous leprosy].
AB  - In this work are presented results obtained in the treament of thirty patients
      suffering of lepromatous leprosy. In a group of fifteen patients L-tetramisol was
      administrated in association to antimocrobian drugs. The control group received
      only the last medication. Immunological modifications were not observed in any
      case. However, in six patients treated with L-tetramisol associated to rifampicin
      during three months it was possible to observe a notable improvement of the
      clinical state. In the patients that received L-tetramisol associated to other
      drugs or in those that received only antimicrobian drugs the clinical improvement
      was very low or null.

PMID- 398918
TI  - [Structural lesions of human hair caused by permanents].
AB  - A study is carried out on the alterations produced in the cuticle of women's hair
      treated regularly for a period of more than 12 years with hair - lighteners, hair
      - dyes and perms. Assays have also been carried out "in vitro" on the effect of
      the perms on locks of hair. The scanning electron microscope has been used for
      observation of the samples.

PMID- 398920
TI  - [In vivo stereomicroscopy of various cutaneous lesions].
AB  - "In vivo" morphological characteristics of some cutaneous lesions predominantly
      pigmented, examined under a stereoscopic microscope are described. An unusual
      analysis of the surface and the interior (when possible) of 590 lesions which are
      not able to be examined by the simple clinical observation was made. This method
      allowed to carry out a right and opportune treatment. A biopsy and histological
      study of 424 lesions of the total number examined was made. Stereomicroscopic and
      histological comparative diagnoses  allowed to abtain 87.2% accuracy with the
      former before the practice of biopsy. The clinical diagnosis was improved in
      17.2% when utilizing the stereoscopic microscope instead of the one suggested by
      the naked-eye inspection.

PMID- 398919
TI  - [Comparative study of 2 topical steroids preparations: desoximetasone and
      betamethasone dipropionate].
AB  - Effectiveness of two creams, one containing desoxymethasone 0.25%, the other
      betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% was compared double blind, intraindividually.
      The preparations were used in symmetric areas of psoriasis. Final evaluation
      shows desoxymethasone cream to be significantly more active concerning reduction
      of erythema and overall improvement of lesions.

PMID- 398921
TI  - [Pityriasis lichenoides associated with ischemia of distal location].
AB  - A case of acute pityriasis lichenoides associated with a distal ischemia and a
      similar evolution is reported. The vasculitic cause is demonstrated by angyologic
      exploration. The gross vascular afectation other than dermal vessels is
      suggested.

PMID- 398922
TI  - [Comedo-nevus of the palmoplantar and scalp regions].
AB  - A case of naevus comedonicus on the palms and soles and scalp is reported. A
      similar case was previously reported by Leppard. The rare localization of this
      folicular hamartoma is commented.

PMID- 398923
TI  - [Juxta occipital epithelioid sarcoma].
AB  - A 24 years old female patient with a juxta-occipital epitheloid sarcoma is
      reported. The lesion, a slow growing assymptomatic nodule, started 5 years ago
      reaching 4 cm in diamter. It was deep seated in the cervical muscles but easy to
      surgically remove. No evidence of metastases or local recurrence was detected for
      the next six months in spite of the limited excision performed. Clinical and
      histological features of the tumor were reviewed and its differential diagnosis
      discussed, particularly with synovial sarcoma and clear cell sarcoma of tendons
      and aponeuroses. Histogenetic hypothesis were briefly considered and the relevant
      literature was reviewed.

PMID- 398924
TI  - [Epidermolysis bullosa letalis].
AB  - A case of epidermolysis bullosa letalis in a newborn is described by the authors.
      The girl had numerous lesions for all the tegument except on the face, palms and
      soles. Something of them were bullous. The histopathological examination revealed
      a bulla with detachement dermoepidermic. Without infiltrate in dermis. The roof
      of the bullae is conservate. In the PAS stain we show the detachement over of the
      basal membrane.

PMID- 398925
TI  - [Oral treatment of various dermatosis with the aromatic derivative of retinoic
      acid Ro 10-9359].
AB  - Twenty eight patients with various dermatological conditions were treated orally
      with the new aromatic derivate of retinoic acid, Ro 10-9359. The initial average
      dose was 48,3 mg/day and the maintenance dose was 26,6 mg/day. Duration of
      treatment ranged between 3 to 6 months. Evolution of erythema, infiltration and
      hyperkeratosis showed changes statistically significant (p < 0,05) and excellent
      to good results were obtained in 23 out of the 28 treated patients. On the basis
      of this study it is concluded that Ro 10-9359 is a promising drug for the
      treatment of several skin diseases, specially ichthyosis, Darier's disease, oral
      lichen planus, erythrokeratoderma variabilis and psoriasis. No serious side
      effects were reported; dryness of the lips, scaling of palms and soles, pruritus
      and thinning of the skin were the most common. In no case treatment was
      discontinued due to side effects. Laboratory controls did not show deviations
      from the normal values.

PMID- 398926
TI  - [Congenital syphilis (Statistics of the Hospital del Nino de Buenos Aires of the
      years 1975 and 1976)].
AB  - After their study carried out in 24 patients with congenital syphilis, assisted
      at the Buenos Aires Children's Hospital during 1975-1976, the authors pointed out
      some epidemiological patterns for the control of syphilis. These patterns, in
      short are: 1) To create a National law forthe control of the venereal diseases.

PMID- 398927
TI  - [Prurigo strophulus (concept, interpretation, therapeutic approach, prevention
      and clinical studies)].
AB  - The authors in this work analyse the Prurigo Strophulus in detail, starting with
      its clinical study up to its therapy and prophylaxis, emphasizing two main
      points. It is a hypersensitivity syndrome to insects appearing in genetically
      predisposed individuals, partly belonging to the hyperreactive group. As to
      etiology, they believe it to be a sensitization to insect bites, chiefly due to
      diptera such as blood-sucking mosquitoes, flies and sometimes ticks and bugs.

PMID- 398928
TI  - [Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis (a paraneoplastic system?)].
AB  - A case of "Multiple Minuta and Digitata Hyperkeratosis" related to a carcinoma of
      the larynx is reported. The improvement of the cutaneous lesions after surgical
      treatment of the carcinoma suggests the possibility of considering this peculiar
      skin disorder as a paraneoplasic symptom.

PMID- 398929
TI  - [1st epidemiologic study of contact sensitivity in Spain. Year 1977].
AB  - This work shows the results of the first epidemiological study on Contact
      Dermatitis in Spain. 2,806 (9.08%) cases on contact dermatitis were studied from
      30,873 patients coming to nine Spanish Dermatological Services, during 1977. Some
      comments are done on it.

PMID- 398930
TI  - [Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus. Clinical and histopathological
      aspects of 7 cases].
AB  - The inflammatory linear verrucous nevus is a recently described variety of
      epidermal nevus clinically and histologically characterized by an inflammatory
      component. The lesion stars at birth or at early age, pruritus is constant.
      Histologically the picture is psoriasiform. The therapeutic response is poor.
      Seven cases are presented. Associated extracutaneous alterations were presented
      in four of them.

PMID- 398931
TI  - [Combination of 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B in the treatment of
      chromomycosis].
AB  - The authors discuss the problem of resistance of chromomycosis to 5
      fluorocytosine (5-FC), observed in a previous study in 7 patients initially
      treated with the drug and subsequently treated with 5-FC associated with other
      medicaments. All  the associations, including that with amphotericin B, failed to
      overcome resistance. Experiments in mice and "in vitro" show a synergism between
      5-FC and amphotericin B against "C. albicans", "C. neoformans" and "Fonsecaeae
      pedrosoi" already confirmed in human subjects infected with the above mentioned
      fungi. Resistance to 5-FC seems to be irreversible, as shown in previous
      experiments. The mechanism of action of the drugs on the fungi is discussed, as
      well as the fact that amphothericin B prevents the development of resistance to 5
      FC. Results obtained with the use of the above association in 5 cases of
      chromomycosis are presented; all the patients had old and well established
      lesions, and in three cases these lesions were large and disseminated, conditions
      probably associated with the development of resistance to 5-FC used alone. The
      drugs were given in small doses, inferior to those usually recommended. The good
      therapeutic results seem to confirm the synergism observed in laboratory trials.
      Four cases were discharged as cured and one abandoned treatment for personal
      reasons. The association seems to act more rapidly than 5-FC alone. Tolerance was
      excellent in all cases.

PMID- 398932
TI  - [Actinic prurigo. Treatment with antifibribolytics].
AB  - Preceded by a brief commentary about the clinical characteristics of actinic
      prurigo, the qualities of anantifibrinolytic medication and its possible
      machanism of action in allergic conditions and atopias are analysed. An earlier
      experience with five familiar cases of actinic prurigo given 1 g of tranexamic
      acid or 3 g E. ACA, within a period of three months has been effective remarkally
      exceeding the results obtained with other therapeutic agents. The proposed
      therapeutic scheme may or may not be, modified, according to the response to the
      response of each individual case.

PMID- 398933
TI  - [Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome. Therapeutic trial with corticosteroid].
AB  - A brazilian housewife, descendant of japanese (both parents), 37 years aged,
      affected with Vogt-Koyanagi's syndrome (uveitis, dysacousia, alopecia, madarosis,
      poliosis, vitiligo) was treated with prednisone. During the course and at the end
      of the treatment an almost complete regression of alopecia, poliosis, madarosis
      and a total involution of the dysacousia could be observed, meanwhile the
      vitiligo and the sequels of uveitis remained unchanged. Taking into account that
      Vogt-Koyanagi's syndrome is susceptible of expontaneous involution, no definitive
      conclusion about the efficiency of therapeutic agent may be drawn in this
      singular case. However, it must be considered as valid the possibility of a
      favourable action of a systemic treatment with corticosteroides in the initial
      stages of the disease chiefly for preventing its more harmful consequences, i.e.
      deafness and blindness.

PMID- 398934
TI  - [Toxic epidermal necrosis. Review of the theme and presentation of 20 cases].
AB  - Twenty cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis were studied. 14 male and 6 female.
      The peak incidence by age was in the first two decades. All of them were related
      to drugs. Twelve of the cases had received antibiotics and, therefore an
      infection existed. The remaining 8 cases did not receive antibiotics and had no
      concomitant infection. We emphasise the clinical observation that in 11 cases the
      first symptom was an increase in cutaneous sensitivity, and then a rise in
      temperature, malaise, and extensive cutaneous sloughing resembling extensive
      burns. As for complications, only in 4 patients could we demonstrate disseminated
      intravascular coagulation (haematological tests were carried out in only 14
      patients). The commonest complication observed was glomerular nephritis. Blood
      counts, blood chemistry and urine tests were altered more in relation to
      complications than to TEN. Protein electrophoresis, conversely, showed an
      increase of gamma globulin in 53.3% of cases, and inverted A/G ratio in 80%. S.
      aureus was cultured in 12 cases (not all of them children). E.S.R. was increased
      in 18 cases. Pathological findings with those already described: "in toto"
      epidermal necrolysis, intra and subepidermal blisters, and occasional inflamatory
      reaction at the level of the papillae, and the non-uniform presence of melanin in
      basal cells and Lyell cells. Prognosis was excellent, since we only had one death
      and one case of blindness due to bilateral ocular perforation. This could be due
      to the general medical care of the patient, nursing them with D.I.C., which in
      certain cases substituted by heparin with excellent results. Antibiotics were
      used in those infected.

PMID- 398935
TI  - [Halo nevi and vitiligoid phenomena in a case of melanoma].
AB  - This paper reports a case of malignant Melanoma in a 53 year old man with
      simultaneous development around the lesion of an acromic area with the
      characteristics of the so called Halo Navi phenomenon. Furthermore the patient
      presented lesions in other skin areas not related to apparent nevi. Microscopic
      tissue examination showed an inflammatory infiltrate in the depigmented zone
      which tended to surround and to include the melanoma periphery. This  supports
      the conclusions of other publications linking these infiltrates with
      immunological phenomena tending to eliminate the tumor. A review is made of the
      new physiopathogenic criteria of the development of vitiligo.

PMID- 398936
TI  - [Bullous pemphigoid and lymphoblastic lymphoma].
AB  - We present a 66 years old patient with bullous pemphigoid which appeared two
      years before a lymphoblastic lymphoma. According to the bibliography, there
      appear to be a causal relationship between lymphoma and pemphigoid.

PMID- 398937
TI  - [Bullosis diabeticorum].
AB  - Three cases of Bullosis Diabeticorum, entity described by Rocca and Pereyra, are
      reported by the authors. The review of the published literature after the
      original article shows the importance of recognizing these symptoms for the
      diagnosis of an occult diabetes. The most outstanding features of the studied
      cases were: a) the bullosis traumatica present in the 3 observations; b) the
      finding of an unknown diabetes in two of the three patients; c) the association
      with stellate pseudoscars. The histopathologic findings were similar in all three
      patients.

PMID- 398938
TI  - [Destructive diaphysitis in early congenital syphilis].
AB  - X-ray observations of bone lesions produced by Syphilis Connata Praecox have been
      reviewed. 15 cases of this condition are presented of which six show mucous and
      cutaneous lesions. One planus condylomata; three cases of pemphigus, one with
      paronychia; one perionixis and one rhinitis. Bone lesions appeared in X-ray
      observations in all cases excepting one in which lesions had already reacted to
      therapy. Concerning these 15 cases of Syphilis Connata Praecox we consider
      important to inform about X-ray discoveries both frequent and infrequent
      concerning this condition. We point out one exceptional case of destructive
      diaphysitis associated with a typical metaphyseal osteolysis.

PMID- 398939
TI  - [Biological information profiles and periodontal disease].

PMID- 398940
TI  - [20th anniversary of the founding of the Argentina Society of Clinical Research].

PMID- 398941
TI  - [Serratia marcescens, a biologic marker of human stupidity].

PMID- 398942
TI  - [Nobel Prize for medicine 1979].

PMID- 398944
TI  - [The vascular factor in arterial hypertension].

PMID- 398943
TI  - [Participation of vasodilator hormones in the control of arterial pressure].

PMID- 398945
TI  - [Clinical aspects of the neurogenic control of circulation in arterial
      hypertension].

PMID- 398946
TI  - [The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in arterial hypertension].

PMID- 398949
TI  - [Explanatory vocabulary of endodontics].

PMID- 398947
TI  - [Clinical trial of a new orally administered antibiotic (clindamycin) in
      infections caused by beta-hemolytic Streptococcus of group A, in the pediatric
      age].

PMID- 398948
TI  - [Roentgenologic study of the results of autologous bone transplants].

PMID- 398950
TI  - [Prevention and breaking the habit of thumb- and fingersucking].

PMID- 398951
TI  - [Normal occlusion and articulation. A literature study].

PMID- 398952
TI  - [Periodontal defects caused by restorative treatment of dental caries. IV.
      Position of the cervical margin of the restoration and the margin junction].

PMID- 398953
TI  - [Nerve grafts. Experimental study. Importance of number of suture points
      (author's transl)].
AB  - An experimental study about 36 nervous grafts on laboratory rats is reported.
      This study emphasizes the interest of microsurgical technique and, further more,
      the role of the number of stitches improving the results of each anastomosis and,
      thus, the quality of neural regeneration. In each animal, after sectioning tibial
      nerve, a graft (sciatic nerve same side) is interposed and sutured in three
      different ways; in a first lot of animals 6 stitches at the level of each
      anastomosis; in a 2nd lot: 2 stitches and in a 3d one a single stitch. The
      animals are tested at the end of the 20th week, with an electrophysiological
      control before being sacrified. The pathological controls take in account the
      number of regenerated nervous fibers below the graft. Our study confirm the
      superiority of results in the 6 stitches lot. The authors emphasize the role
      played by a watertight suture to prevent an anarchic growth of regenerating
      axones outside the graft.

PMID- 398954
TI  - [The electrocardiogram of the non-compensated diabetic patient in old age.
      Possibilities and limitations of its correlation with metabolic and electrolytic
      data].

PMID- 398955
TI  - [Malignant hyperthermia. Review of literature and case reports].
AB  - Malignant hyperthermia may appear during surgery. It has at least three features:
      1) an anesthesiological trigger, usually the association of halothane and
      succinylcholine; 2) rapid increase in body temperature; 3) widespread muscle
      hypertonia. The literature is reviewed in an assessment of the physiopathological
      mechanism underlying the syndrome, with particular reference to the part played
      by calcium. Experimental data are cited and their similarity with the clinical,
      laboratory, anatomical, and histopathological picture in man is discussed. A
      detailed account is also given of two personal cases. Lastly, questions
      associated with the prevention and treatment of malignant hyperthermia are
      examined.

PMID- 398956
TI  - [Adenomatous polyposis of the stomach associated with familial adenomatous
      polyposis of the colon].
AB  - A case of adenomatous polyposis of the stomach associated with familial polyposis
      of the colon is presented. The relevant literature is reviewed and the data thus
      collected (with the exception of definitely non-adenomatous, extracolic cases)
      are presented in tables, depending on whether familial polyposis of the colon or
      Gardner's syndrome was the accompanying form. A systematic account is given of
      the association and reference is made to simple polyposis of the stomach, and
      that of the duodenum. Close attention is paid to the question of diagnosis, the
      risk of cancerous transformation, and treatment. Stress is laid on the importance
      of optic fibre endoscopy in diagnosis and therapy (by means of the surgical
      fibroscope). Examination of the literature, it is felt, substantiates the need
      for: 1) routine systematic investigation of the digestive apparatus in all
      subjects with FPC and GS, and the report of even isolated cases to establish the
      true frequency of the association; 2) histological assessment of radically
      resected formations in the correct determination of both diagnosis and prognosis;
      3) preventive and systematic endoscopic control as a means of investigation and
      postoperative surveillance; 4) correct strategy based on the nature, extent,
      number and size of the polyps and the polypogenetic capacity of the gastric
      mucosa.

PMID- 398957
TI  - [Behavior of gastrinemia in normal pregnancies after oral administration of
      glucose, fructose and saccharose].

PMID- 398958
TI  - [The phase contrast microscopy. I. Diagnostic possibilities in gynecological and
      obstetrical colpocytology].

PMID- 398959
TI  - [The phase contrast microscope. II. Colpocytological findings in hirsutism].

PMID- 398960
TI  - Antenatal diagnosis. Sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and
      Human Development, March 5-7, 1979.

PMID- 398961
TI  - Transfusion therapy in pregnant sickle cell disease patients. Sponsored by the
      National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, April 23-24, 1979.

PMID- 398962
TI  - Improving clinical and consumer use of blood pressure measuring devices.
      Organized by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, April 26-27, 1979.

PMID- 398963
TI  - The treatment of primary breast cancer: management of local disease. Sponsored by
      the National Cancer Institute, June 5, 1979.

PMID- 398964
TI  - Steroid receptors in breast cancer. Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute,
      June 27-29, 1979.

PMID- 398965
TI  - Intraocular lens implantation. Sponsored by the National Eye Institute,
      September, 10-11, 1979.

PMID- 398966
TI  - Estrogen use and postmenopausal women. Sponsored by the National Institute on
      Aging, September 13-14, 1979.

PMID- 398967
TI  - Amantadine: does it have a role in the prevention and treatment of influenza?
      Sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, October
      15-16, 1979.

PMID- 398968
TI  - The use of microprocessor-based "intelligent" machines in patient care. Sponsored
      by the Division of Research Services, October 17-19, 1979.

PMID- 398969
TI  - Removal of third molars. Sponsored by the National Institute of Dental Research,
      November 28-30, 1979.

PMID- 398971
TI  - [Bone substitutes for serious progressive periodontal disease by use of the
      fibrin-bonding system].

PMID- 398970
TI  - Pain, discomfort, and humanitarian care, organized by the Interagency Committee
      on New Therapies for Pain and Discomfort, February 16, 1979.

PMID- 398972
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of children with congenital cardiopathies].

PMID- 398973
TI  - [Behavior of the serum level of transaminases and immunoglobulins in Au-positive
      subjects].

PMID- 398974
TI  - [A case of mesomelic nanism].

PMID- 398975
TI  - [Acordermatitis papulosa infantum (Gianotti-Crosti syndrome). Clinical case
      reports].

PMID- 398977
TI  - Effect of die relief on retention of cast crowns and inlays.

PMID- 398976
TI  - [Antibiotic therapy: cephalosporins].

PMID- 398979
TI  - Guidelines for locating the cervical margins of dental restorations.

PMID- 398978
TI  - Ten high-speed handpieces: evaluation of performance.

PMID- 398980
TI  - Distinguished member award.

PMID- 398981
TI  - Comparative study of mutagenic, inductive and transforming activities of
      ledakrin.
AB  - Mutagenic activity of Ledakrin in microbial testing as well as its inductive
      effect on the release of free phages in lysogenic bacteria were compared with its
      transforming ability in human cell system. It has been found that Ledakrin is
      highy mutagenic both without metabolic activation and when activated in vivo.
      Ledakrin induces the release of free phages in E. coli K12(lambda +), but does
      not transform human fibroblasts in cell cuture in vitro.

PMID- 398982
TI  - The influence of the composition of the selective medium on convertogenic
      activity of ethyl methanesulfonate in Saccharomyces cerevisiae D4.
AB  - The frequency of prototrophic recombinants produced by mitotic gene conversion at
      the trp5 and ade2 loci were observed using the plate test. The yeast cells were
      exposed in the concentration gradient of ethyl methanesulphonate--EMS (10
      microliter/plate). Selective media with addition of a small amount of tryptophan
      (for the selection of the convertants trp+) or adenine (for the selection of the
      convertants ade+) were used. The use of medium with addition of tryptophan or
      adenine considerably increased the sensitivity of the plate method as compared
      with the use of the medium deficient in either tryptophan or adenine. The above
      results suggest possible usefulness of testing for mutagenic activity various
      chemical using growing cells of yeast.

PMID- 398983
TI  - [Demonology in the 15th century].

PMID- 398984
TI  - [The pharmacy of Llivia].

PMID- 398985
TI  - Acetylsalicylic acid augments insulin and C-peptide responses to arginine in
      diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 398986
TI  - Influence of primary prostaglandins, prostacyclin and arachidonic acid on
      mesenteric hemodynamics in the pig.
AB  - In anesthetized young pigs the influence of intraarterial infusion of
      prostaglandin E2, prostacyclin, prostaglandin F2 alpha, and arachidonic acid on
      mesenteric vascular resistance was studied. Infusion of PGE2 and prostacyclin
      induced a dose-dependent direct decrease in resistance. Infusion of PGF2 alpha
      resulted in a dose-dependent difference in response. Infusion of lower doses
      provoked a decrease in mesenteric vascular resistance, whereas infusion of higher
      doses resulted in an increase. Lower doses of arachidonic acid induced a gradual
      decrease in resistance, while higher doses provoked biphasic or triphasic
      responses. After previous blockade of the PG synthetase and lipoxygenase pathways
      with indomethacin and ETA, arachidonic acid only provoked a decrease in vascular
      resistance. The resultssuggest a possible role of prostaglandins and their
      precursors in autoregulation of mesenteric blood flow in the pig.

PMID- 398987
TI  - The use of immobilized ligands and [125I]protein a for immunoassays of
      thromboxane B2, prostaglandin D2, 13,14-dihydro-prostaglandin E2, 5,6-dihydro
      prostaglandin I2, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, 15-hydroxy-9 alpha, 11
      alpha(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid and 15-hydroxy-11 alpha,9
      alpha(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic acid.
AB  - Immunoassays were developed for quantitative determination of thromboxane B2,
      prostaglandin D2, 13,14-dihydro-prostaglandin E2, 5,6-dihydro-prostaglandin I2, 6
      keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, 15-hydroxy-9 alpha, 11 alpha (epoxymethano) prosta
      5, 13-dienoic acid and 15-hydroxy-11 alpha, 9 alpha (epoxymethano) prosta-5,13
      dienoic acid. Ligands immobilized by covalent linkage to a solid support, bound
      homologous rabbit antibodies. [125I] Protein A was used to measure the bound IgG
      antibody. Increments of homologous and heterologous fluid-phase ligand completed
      with solid-phase ligand for antibody and resulted in decreasing amounts of bound
      [125I]-Protein A. The serologic specificity for each immune system was
      determined. Immunoassays for thromboxane B2, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, and
      5,6-dihydro-prostaglandin I2 were used to identify their respective homologous
      ligands that were separated by normal phase and reversed phase high pressure
      liquid chromatography.

PMID- 398989
TI  - Vasodepressor response to prostacyclin (PGI2) in anesthetized rats, rabbits and
      dogs.

PMID- 398988
TI  - The role of prostaglandins in the control of gonadotropin and prolactin
      secretion.

PMID- 398990
TI  - Tranylcypromine induced hypertension is not mediated by the inhibition of
      prostacyclin synthesis.
AB  - Tranylcypromine (TCP) is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor used extensively in the
      treatment of patients with reactive depression. Hypertensive crisis can
      complicate drug therapy, but the mechanism through which TCP causes high blood
      pressure is unknown. The present study was undertaken because recent
      investigations have shown that TCP can inhibit production of a potent vasodilator
      hormone, prostacyclin (PGI2), by  blood vessels, possibly explaining the
      mechanism of pressor effects by the drug. Heart rate, left atrial, pulmonary
      artery and aortic pressures were monitored in dogs under control conditions and
      continuously following the IV infusion of TCP at the rate of 1 mg/kg over a
      period of one minute. Right femoral and the left internal mammary arteries were
      obtained during the control period and the left femoral and right internal
      mammary arteries resected between 6 and 30 minutes following drug infusion for
      PGI2 studies. Concentrations of the drug that caused significant elevation of the
      mean systemic pressure to 203 +/- 8 mmHg had no inhibitory effect on PGI2
      production. Therefore, the influence of TCP on the hemodynamic parameters does
      not appear to be mediated through the inhibition of vascular PGI2 synthesis.

PMID- 398991
TI  - Prostaglandin I2 partially inhibits human platelet aggregation stimulated by
      antithymocyte globulin.
AB  - Antithymocyte globulin (ATG), which is used as an immunosuppressive agent in
      organ transplantation, has the side effect of inducing platelet aggregation. The
      present in vitro studies show that a component of ATG induced platelet
      aggregation can be inhibited by prostaglandin I2.

PMID- 398993
TI  - Enhanced release of 'PGI2-like' substance in experimental hypertension.

PMID- 398992
TI  - The relationship of urinary prostaglandins and plasma renin to sodium balance and
      diuresis in normal man.
AB  - The significance of changes in sodium balance and urinary sodium excretion for
      renal PG excretion was studied in normal man. In protocol B a strongly negative
      sodium balance was produced in 5 healthy young subjects by a low sodium diet
      given for 7 days (lo mmol Na/day) with 80 mg furosemide p.o. added on the last
      two days. 24 hour urinary PGE2 excretion remained constant, while plasma renin
      increased. In protocol A the effect of i.v. furosemide (1 mg/kg bwt) on urinary
      PGE2 and PGF2 alpha excretion rates was examined in 5 healthy young subjects.
      Rapid but short-lasting increases in PG excretion rates ran in parallel with the
      changes in urine flow rate. The study suggests that PGE2 is not of importance for
      the sodium homeostasis in normal man. Renal prostaglandins may play a modifying
      role for the renal response to loop diuretics but are hardly instrumental for the
      diuretic effect.

PMID- 398994
TI  - Shortening of the bleeding time in thrombocytopenic rabbits after exposure of
      jugular vein to high aspirin concentration.
AB  - Aspirin, in doses which inhibit platelet thromboxane A2 production, prolongs the
      bleeding time but this effect on the bleeding time is lost when doses of aspirin
      which also inhibit vessel wall prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) production are used. PGI2
      is both a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation and a powerful vasodilator. We
      have investigated the contribution of the vascular effect of PGI2 on hemostasis
      by studying the effect of high concentrations of aspirin on the jugular vein
      bleeding time in severely thrombocytopenic rabbits and on the loss of non
      platelet-containing fluid from standard puncture wounds in aspirin-treated veins
      perfused under constant pressure. After aspirin treatment, the bleeding time was
      significantly shortened in both normal and thrombocytopenic rabbits. This effect
      was associated with a decreased production of PGI2-like material by the vessel
      wall and a reduction in the volume of fluid lost from the standard puncture wound
      in the jugular vein. The effect of aspirin on the bleeding time and on PGI2
      production was relatively short-lived and the bleeding time returned to normal
      within 2-3 hours. These observations indicate that PGI2 can influence hemostasis
      by mechanisms independent of platelet aggregation.

PMID- 398995
TI  - Management of osseous lesions: a case report.

PMID- 398996
TI  - Libidinal cathexis and emotional growth in the analytical treatment of
      psychosomatic patients.
AB  - The paper deals with a form of analytical therapy in psychosomatics, which was
      developed and applied for many years in a model research ward. The therapeutic
      arrangement, or setting, was designed to make provision for all 3 elements of a
      person's make-up - his environment, his mind and his body. At the heart of the
      model is the therapeutic team, which offers the patient empathatic 'holding' and
      encourages his emotional growth. The members of the team have learned to offer
      themselves to the patient as a unit with a common inner attitude towards him.
      This means that they must first have worked out a unified approach, a hermeneutic
      structure, with which to understand him. Against the background of a special
      genetic conception of a mother's function for her child, the ward was turned into
      a setting that confronts the patient, in psychodramatized form, with a specific
      form of 'physical ambience'. In coming to grips with the team's physical, sensual
      presence, the patient is stimulated into developing a transference relationship
      to the empathizing, maternal father-figure, the 'pere maternel'. In this way he
      can break loose from his clinging dependency on an 'omnipotent object', his
      dyadic partner, and, through internalizing the therapist both in his female and
      his male aspects, create a libidinal object in his inner world.

PMID- 398997
TI  - Liaison psychiatry as a systems approach to behavior.
AB  - In this overview, the psychosomatic theory is discussed from an evolutionary
      perspective. From its initial concern with relationship between emotions and
      physiology through psychopathology and anatomo-physio-pathology to socio-psycho
      pathophysiology, psychosomatic medicine and its theory is presently viewed as an
      empiric science utilizing a number of conceptual approaches derived from
      developmental psychology, classical psychiatry, physiology, sociology and
      anthropology. These are applied to the study and care of patients in ambulatory
      and inpatient settings, which are the arenas of the consultation-liaison activity
      and may be viewed as the clinical laboratories of psychosomatic medicine. In
      these laboratories, a new language has developed which is largely
      phenomenological and which attempts to utilize theoretical concepts from several
      disciplines in explaining the illness illness phenomenon in the present. As such,
      the practitioner of Liaison Psychiatry is a general systems analyst who analyzes
      the illness situation of the patient and his attendants in an attempt to decipher
      the identified problem, explaining it by utilizing selected theoretical concepts
      from the basic sciences of behavior. Psychosomatic theory is seen as an evolving
      and bridging science attempting to integrate and combine particulate theory into
      a more comprehensive synthesis.

PMID- 398998
TI  - Consultation--liaison psychiatry activities in a renal transplant unit.
AB  - We describe the consultation--liaison psychiatry activites in the renal
      transplant unit at Hannover Medical School. The activities with regard to
      patients' care include: the group session, with particular regard to dealing with
      the patients' denial; the indirect and direct psychotherapeutic interventions,
      the latter concerning psychotherapeutic consultation and counselling ('supportive
      psychotherapy'); and dealing with live donors and potential renal transplant
      patients. The second consultation--liaison psychiatry activity includes the
      teaching procedures: firstly, Balint-group-work with the nurses, secondly, the
      nurses' presence in the group sessions, and finally, Balint-group-work with
      students working as auxiliary therapists. In the authors' view, the field of
      surgery can represent a very promising one with regard to consultation--liaison
      psychiatry.

PMID- 398999
TI  - Psychogenesis of somatic disorders. An overview.
AB  - Psychogenesis, considered as a linear sequential process by which psychological
      influences lead to somatic disturbances, is only a link in a larger bio-psycho
      social interactional field. Therefore, in practice, a multilateral approach of
      the whole person, in his psychological, social and somatic aspects, in health and
      disease, in his habitual and his therapeutical contacts, should be stressed. it
      seems unlikely that the somatic symptoms we are confronted with can be considered
      as pure psychogenetically determined phenomena. This does not exclude that in the
      complex psychosomatic interaction, there exists at one or more stages a
      transition from the sphere of psychological functioning to the somatic area,
      ending up in somatic symptoms. This process, which we call psychogenesis, is not
      a single event but should be considered as an abstraction, grouping a number of
      component processes possibly occurring at different moments in the total system.
      We have distinguished four components: a psychopathological component, a
      psychophysiological component, a phychophysiological component, a
      physiopathological component and a 'somatic illness experience' component. For
      each of these components, a number of conceptions are proposed according to the
      different theoretical models of psychosomatic connections. Most of these
      formulations are largely hypothetical or based only on fragmentary observations.
      Still, they offer guidelines for further research.

PMID- 399000
TI  - Self-management training for children with chronic bronchial asthma.
AB  - We have described examples of behaviors that occur antecedent to, concurrent
      with, or as a consequence of childhood asthma. Ways these patterns can be altered
      have also been described. Three points should be emphasized: first, social
      learning techniques can contribute to a child acquiring self-monitoring and self
      management skills over his or her affliction. Thus, youngsters with asthma can
      learn self-responsibility over their affliction. Second, while we do have follow
      up data indicating that youngsters continue to perform similar behaviors once
      they leave the Center and return to their families, such generalization does not
      automatically occur. For this reason, we have initiated several programs for
      working with a child's family. Finally, what about the youngster who is never
      admitted to an asthma facility such as the national Asthma Center? It is here
      where we are beginning to focus most of our efforts. By teaching a child and his
      or her family ways that the youngster can learn to manage asthma means that the
      disease will become less of a disruptive influence within the home, that costs of
      the affliction can be contained, and that the youngster can remain within the
      mainstream of both his or her family and community. Future reports from the
      Center will describe efforts we are making in this direction.

PMID- 399001
TI  - Updating the model for psychotherapy of psychosomatic problems.

PMID- 399002
TI  - Psychotherapeutic strategies in the treatment of psychophysiologic disorders.
AB  - The outlined treatment strategies are based on research findings. The techniques
      include repeated physical examinations to reassure patients with hypochondriacal
      concern and continuous empathy with the partient's distress; explanatory therapy
      which includes emphasis on the innocuousness of the phenomena, accurate
      information about the psychophysiologic processes involved, making the patient
      aware of his selective perception; deliberate suggestion when this is in keeping
      with accurate predictions and appropriate treatment of coexisting psychiatric
      disorders.

PMID- 399003
TI  - Applications of pulse radiolysis to protein chemistry.

PMID- 399004
TI  - Sense and nonsense about impression materials (III).

PMID- 399005
TI  - Impressions for difficult complete lower dentures.

PMID- 399006
TI  - Principles and treatment planning considerations for successful endosteal blade
      implantology (II).

PMID- 399007
TI  - Facial movement disorders: a progress report.

PMID- 399008
TI  - Traumatic fracture restoration: an alternative use of the acid etch technique.

PMID- 399009
TI  - Prostheses for partially resected mandibles.

PMID- 399010
TI  - High speed handpieces--update (I).

PMID- 399011
TI  - High speed handpieces--update (II).

PMID- 399013
TI  - A new crown for an existing removable partial prosthesis.

PMID- 399012
TI  - Aids in making impressions for cast restoration.

PMID- 399014
TI  - Use of the ultrviolet light polymerized adhesive (Nuva-Seal and Nuva-Fil) in
      clinical dentistry (I).

PMID- 399015
TI  - Use of the ultraviolet light polymerized adhesive (Nuva-Seal and Nuva-Fil) in
      clinical dentistry (II).

PMID- 399016
TI  - Preoperative and immediate maxillary prostheses.

PMID- 399017
TI  - [Composites and acid etch technic in surgery for tooth abnormalities].

PMID- 399018
TI  - [Periodontal-hygiene viewpoint for the technician in the preparation of
      artificial teeth. I].

PMID- 399019
TI  - [Fabrication of a modified swing-lock. IV].

PMID- 399020
TI  - [Technical use of preformed wax parts in crown and bridge technic. II].

PMID- 399021
TI  - [Thoughts on a bridge which wore out].

PMID- 399022
TI  - [Gnathodent--a gnathologically shaped lateral tooth for partial and complete
      dentures (II)].

PMID- 399023
TI  - [Periodontal-hygiene viewpoint for the technician in the preparation of
      artificial teeth. II].

PMID- 399024
TI  - [Fixation of single crown stumps in elastic rubber impressions].

PMID- 399025
TI  - [Tooth form studies using graphic drawings].

PMID- 399026
TI  - [Gnathodent--a gnathologically shaped lateral tooth for partial and complete
      dentures. III].

PMID- 399028
TI  - [Modified method of compressive impression of the dental pulp cavity obtained
      with Optosil and Xantopren paste].

PMID- 399027
TI  - [Measuring of the force of fixation on the underlying surface of complete upper
      impressions and prosthesis plates prepared on these models].

PMID- 399029
TI  - [Possibility of using multiple models of fireproof material for preparation of
      completely cast bridges].

PMID- 399030
TI  - [Obturators used in prosthetic therapy of congenital or acquired clefts of hard
      and soft palate. I].

PMID- 399031
TI  - [Acid etching technic splints for comprehensive therapy of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 399032
TI  - [Obturators used in prosthetic therapy of congenital or acquired clefts of hard
      and soft palate. II].

PMID- 399033
TI  - Introduction to the Andrews System of restorative dentistry.

PMID- 399034
TI  - A new crown and bridge veneering material.

PMID- 399035
TI  - A combined clinical and laboratory techniques for the construction of complete
      dentures.

PMID- 399036
TI  - [Pneumoconiosis. An annotated Brazilian bibliography, 1886-1976].

PMID- 399037
TI  - [Bone transplants in periodontal diseases].

PMID- 399038
TI  - [Perspectives of the development of the Pedro Kouri Institute of Tropical
      Medicine].

PMID- 399039
TI  - [The use of the Knott technic in an endemic area of filariasis in Puerto Limon,
      Costa Rica].
AB  - One hundred and nineteen people living in the Roosevelt county of Puerto Limon
      were submitted to the Knott technique for diagnosing microfilaremia bancrofti.
      This was the first time the technique was applied in Costa Rica. A 17.6%
      positivity was obtained. Some considerations on filariasis spreading to other
      regions of the country with the possibility of outbreaks of tropical eosinophilia
      or filariasis without microfilaremia are made.

PMID- 399040
TI  - [Bacteria studies on 32 patients with acute inflammatory pneumopathies].
AB  - Thirty two patients admitted to the "Gral. Calixto Garcia" Hospital for
      infectious pneumonopathies acquired outside and within hospital were studied.
      Each patient underwent 8 blood cultures in order to determine most frequent
      causal agents in our environment thus enabling the institution of an adequate
      antibiotic therapy. Grampositive germs, specifically staphylococcus, prevailed in
      extra hospitalary bronchopneumonopathies and gramnegative germs, specially
      Klebiella, prevailed in the case of intra-hospitalary infections. The negative
      effect of the antimicrobial therapy prior to sample obtention on the results of
      bacterial examinations is stressed.

PMID- 399041
TI  - [A new psychopediatric syndrome of toxoplasmic origin].
AB  - A preliminary exposition on the existence of a new syndrome which is of interest
      to pediatrics and psychiatry and has been called "chronic dystrophying adenic
      syndrome" or "CDA syndrome" is made. The syndrome is the clinical expression of
      the lymphochronic variety of the toxoplasmic disease in the child and it is
      clinically expressed by the triad: dystrophies, psychiatric disorders and
      adenopathies with a chronic course. In these patients adenopathies have a
      toxoplasmic origin and they represent the pathogenic factor which determines the
      syndrome. Atypical forms of the syndrome are pointed out. Most frequent and
      important atypical forms are correlated.

PMID- 399042
TI  - [Urinary schistosomiasis. Clinical study of 20 patients in Cuba].
AB  - Twenty patients involving three Cubans coming foreign countries with a diagnosis
      of urinary schistosomiasis are studied. The importance of laboratory diagnosis
      and radiographic study, mainly simple study and post-mictional cystography, is
      stressed. The lesions found during cystoscopies are described and it is attempted
      their classification. In all cases the diagnosis was corroborated from biopsy
      samples. The usefulness of the ambilhar therapy is pointed out.

PMID- 399043
TI  - [Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of indol alkaloids].
AB  - In pursuing the study of the antimicrobial properties of alkaloids prepared from
      Cuban plants the activity of 10 indol alkaloids and 4 semisynthetic variables
      obtained from three plants--Catharanthus roseus G. Don., Vallesia antillana Wood
      and Ervatamia coronaria Staph, of the family Apocynaceae--growing in Cuba was
      assessed in vitro. The alkaloids and the variables used were catharantine,
      vindoline, vindolinine, perivine, reserpine, tabernaemontanine,
      tetrahydroalstonine, aparicine, vindolinic acid, reserpic acid and vindolininol.
      These were faced to 40 bacterial strains from the genera Salmonella, Shigella,
      Proteus, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium as well as
      to fungi and yeasts from the genera Aspergillus, kCunnighamella, kCandida and
      Saccharomyces. The method involving cylindric sections in a double agar layer was
      applied and lectures were obtained at 24-48 hours of incubation at 25 degrees C
      for fungi and yeasts and 37 degrees C for bacteria. Inhibition zones are reported
      in millimeters.

PMID- 399044
TI  - [Chromomycosis. Retrospective study of June 1961 to June 1978].

PMID- 399046
TI  - [An additiinal systematic table of Cuban ground mollusca].
AB  - A list of Cuban ground mollusks is presented in a systematic order. The number of
      species and sub-specific types of each one is pointed out. An alphabetic index
      enabling the rapid determination of the taxonomic location of a given genus is
      also depicted.

PMID- 399045
TI  - [Reactivity of the intradermal test with toxoplasmosis in schizophrenic
      patients].
AB  - A hundred schizophrenic patients admitted to the "10 de Octubre" Clinical
      Surgical Teaching Hospital and 158 schizophrenic patients admitted to the
      Psychiatric Hospital, both in Havana, and 100 control healthy individuals who did
      not consume psychopharmacons were studied. They underwent intradermal tests with
      toxoplasmin. Differences in reactor percentages between patients and healthy
      individuals were statistically significative as it has been reported in the
      foreign medical literature. The highest percentage of reactors in the group
      admitted to the Psychiatric Hospital where most advanced schizophreniacs are
      found leads to the conclusion that the more severe the patient state the higher
      the frequency and intensity of test reactivity among patients. Other factors as
      the dwelling conditions, age and sex are analyzed.

PMID- 399047
TI  - [Sophrology on the way to optimization].

PMID- 399048
TI  - [Medico-dental objectives and relations of oral-maxillofacial prostheses].

PMID- 399049
TI  - [Casting].

PMID- 399050
TI  - [Flexion of chromium-cobalt alloys in relation to cross-section shape and
      polishing].

PMID- 399051
TI  - [Studies on dental self-curing resins (18): adhesion of MMA resin containing 4
      META to hard tissue (author's transl)].

PMID- 399053
TI  - The influence of different ventilatory patterns on oxygenation and gas exchange
      after near-drowning.
AB  - After positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) valves for manually operated
      resuscitators became available it was of interest to find out whether PEEP should
      be applied at the scene of accident in nearly drowned patients. In 27 young pigs
      25 ml of fresh water/kg body weight was instilled into the lungs via an
      endotracheal tube. After a period of apnoea (4 min) the pigs were ventilated
      artificially with 100% oxygen with either 5 cm PEEP or zero end-expiratory
      pressure (ZEEP). Within the PEEP group the AaDO2 returned to normal within the
      first 10 min after resuscitation, whereas the AaDO2 did not reach normal values
      for 2 h in the ZEEP group. The same observations were true for the PO2 values.
      Although the cardiac output decreased by almost 30% in the PEEP group, mean
      arterial pressures and heart rates remained unchanged. Lung weights and blood
      lactate concentrations confirmed that the same degree of water absorption and
      hypoxia had taken place in both groups. The conclusions from these experiments
      are that the application of 5 cm PEEP is part of the immediate measures of
      emergency treatment in nearly drowned victims.

PMID- 399052
TI  - Cardiorespiratory and metabolic patterns in multiple trauma patients.
AB  - During the last 3 years we have performed a detailed study in 50 patients using
      the Swan-Ganz catheter to provide prognostic haemodynamic and metabolic values at
      an early stage. There was a total of 320 severe injuries in these 50 patients
      with a statistical mean of six to seven. The severity of injuries is documented
      by the volume replacement necessary within the first 24 hr. On average more than
      8 litres of whole blood, albumin and dextran were given intravenously. Out of 50
      patients, 28 survived. During the first 2h there was a significant difference
      between survivor and non-survivor in systolic blood pressure and shock index.
      From the very beginning the surviving patients demonstrated a higher cardiac
      index than non-survivors. Pulmonary artery pressure and total pulmonary
      resistance were also elevated from the very beginning. The right ventricular
      stroke work index was increased; the left ventricular stroke work index was
      decreased in the group of non-survivors. The arteriovenous oxygen content
      difference as well as oxygen extraction ratio was elevated, and the oxygen
      availability was decreased in the group of the non-surviving patients. Of the
      metabolic parameters, an increase in the lactate/pyruvate ratio as well as in
      serum glucose and a decrease in base excess values permit an early prediction of
      a favourable outcome. There were significant differences in the enzymes SGOT,
      SGPT, LDH, CHE, as well as bilirubin concentrations between survivors and non
      survivors from sixth day on.

PMID- 399055
TI  - Synthesis of the nitrate reductase complex in a constitutive hem mutant of
      Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 399054
TI  - [The dentistry course from the Pharmacy and Dentistry School of Santa Catarina
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 399056
TI  - [Bacteriuria, urinary infection and pyelonephritis: critical analysis of the
      results obtained during the years 1958-1978. Part II].

PMID- 399057
TI  - [Professor Hector Croxatto Rezzio, 1979 National Science Prize].

PMID- 399058
TI  - [Bacteriuria, urinary infection and pyelonephritis. Part III (author's transl)].

PMID- 399059
TI  - [The abbot Juan Ignacio Molina (1740-1829): first description of disease by the
      patient in Chile (1761) (author's transl)].

PMID- 399060
TI  - [Dr. Carlos Monckeberg B. (1884-1954) his life and his work].

PMID- 399061
TI  - [A century of university medical education in Jassy].

PMID- 399062
TI  - [Prostaglandin implications at the gastric level].

PMID- 399063
TI  - Recent data concerning the radiobiology of mitochondria.

PMID- 399064
TI  - [Membrane enzymatic mechanism implicated in bacterial resistance of the plasmid
      type, estimated by irradiation of the antibiotic with electromagnetic fields in
      the visible spectrum].

PMID- 399065
TI  - [Correlations between nutritional parameters (rapid carbohydrate absorption)
      blood sugar and insulinemia in a group of subjects with idiopathic reactive
      hypoglycemia (IRH)].

PMID- 399066
TI  - [Clinical and biomechanical criteria in therapy of severe partial edentia].

PMID- 399067
TI  - [Hyperselective vagotomy. Method of surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 399068
TI  - [Therapeutic trends in osteogenic sarcomas].

PMID- 399069
TI  - [Problems of gnoseology in the works of Dr. Grigore T. Popa].

PMID- 399070
TI  - [Centenary of the Jassy Institute of Medicine and Pharmacy (1879-1979)].

PMID- 399072
TI  - [General directory].

PMID- 399071
TI  - [Manipulation of alginates in impression taking].

PMID- 399073
TI  - [Retention and stability of onlay bridge anchorage (author's transl)].

PMID- 399074
TI  - [Evolution of healing in anastomosis of the large intestine in normal conditions
      and under the effect of immunosuppressive drugs: comparative study in dogs].

PMID- 399076
TI  - Experimental study of the possibilities of the diagnostic application of an
      adaptive threshold-classifier.

PMID- 399075
TI  - [Therapeutic action of mebendazole in a child population with polyparasitosis in
      the district of N.S. de Fatima in Planaltina-DF-1978].

PMID- 399077
TI  - [Investigation of Pd-Ni alloys for metal-ceramics (author's transl)].

PMID- 399078
TI  - [Studies on the improvement of crown root ratio for stress-reduction to abutment
      tooth in partial denture design (the 2nd report) (author's transl)].

PMID- 399079
TI  - [Experimental studies of the standard on representation of buccal border of lower
      denture (author's transl)].

PMID- 399080
TI  - [Experimental Studies on the influences of axial plane of the retainer on the
      rotative load on the abutment tooth in free-end saddle dentures (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 399081
TI  - [Acid etched images on ground surfaces of human enamel (I) (author's transl)].

PMID- 399082
TI  - [A study on penetration of cyanoacrylate sealant into artificial and natural
      white spots (author's transl)].

PMID- 399083
TI  - [Histological study on the etching effects of acids on the ground surfaces of
      human enamel (author's transl)].

PMID- 399084
TI  - [Studies on physical factors of major connector in the partial denture (the
      second report). The rigidity of the palatal bar for mesio-distal rotating force
      of the saddle (author's transl)].

PMID- 399085
TI  - [Studies on physical factors of major connector in the partial denture (the third
      report). The rigidity of the lingual bar for bucco-lingual rotating force of the
      saddle (author's transl)].

PMID- 399086
TI  - [Data on the epidemiology of measles in the Mexican Republic. Preliminary
      report].

PMID- 399087
TI  - [Various observations to support the Precolombian origin of Robles' disease in
      America].

PMID- 399088
TI  - [Plasma renin activity in essential hypertension].

PMID- 399089
TI  - [Analysis of a suicide in the work of Ivo Andric "Bridge on the River Drina"].

PMID- 399090
TI  - Comparative blanching activities of locally manufactured proprietary fluocinolone
      acetonide topical preparations.
AB  - The blanching activities and hence the bio-availabilities of the cream and
      ointment formulations of Synalar and Cortoderm (fluocinolone acetonide 0,025%)
      were evaluated using an occluded and unoccluded blanching assay. Statistical
      analysis showed significant differences between similar formulations of
      fluocinolone acetonide.

PMID- 399091
TI  - The multiload copper intra-uterine contraceptive device in a mixed urban and
      rural population: A 3-year clinical evaluation.
AB  - A series of 1 270 Multiload Cu-250 intra-uterine contraceptive devices inserted
      in clinics of the Cape Divisional Council is described, spanning 1 024,6 woman
      years. The continuation rate was 85,4% and the unplanned pregnancy rate was 1,17
      per 100 woman-years of use. The implications are discussed.

PMID- 399092
TI  - Captopril--a new agent for hypertension.

PMID- 399094
TI  - The artificial beta cell.

PMID- 399093
TI  - Comparison of captopril with propranolol in the treatment of mild and moderate
      essential hypertension.
AB  - Captopril (SQ 14,225), an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, was used in
      combination with propranolol, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, in the treatment
      of mild and moderate hypertension. A significant decrease in blood presure was
      obtained (P less than 0.05). The maximum oral dose of captopril was 450 mg daily
      and the maximum oral dosage of propranolol was 360 mg daily. Side-effects were
      negligible and transitory. They consisted of skin rashes and pain in the calves
      (1 patient) and palpitations (1 patient) on captopril and skin rashes (1 patient)
      on propranolol. Captopril is a promising new hypotensive agent and is efficacious
      in combination with beta-adrenergic blocking agents.

PMID- 399095
TI  - Juvenile fibromatosis and other diseases of connective tissue.
AB  - There are a number of features which are common to such variable conditions as
      juvenile fibromatosis on the one hand and torticollis and congenital dislocation
      of the hip, and possibly scoliosis, on the other. Various pathological syndromes
      are presented, all of them characterized by disturbance and contracture of
      connective tissue. Surgery is carried out in severe cases when it is a
      practicable proposition. The administration of an enzyme inhibitor at cellular
      level has introduced a new dimension in the management of localized fibromatosis.

PMID- 399096
TI  - Tribute to a great teacher.

PMID- 399097
TI  - Professor Cuthbert Crichton--the man and his times.

PMID- 399098
TI  - Professor Eric Cuthbert Crichton's contribution to the medical school.

PMID- 399100
TI  - Xerostomia and complete denture retention.

PMID- 399099
TI  - The efficacy of sotalol in suppressing ventricular ectopic beats.
AB  - Sotalol (Sotacor) is a beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent, which in addition
      possesses class III anti-arrhythmic properties. In this study we report on the
      clinical effectiveness of sotalol in the suppression of ventricular ectopic beats
      in 20 patients suffering from ischaemic heart disease. Sotalol was compared with
      placebo and efficacy was determined by Holter tape monitoring. Sotalol produced
      an 88,5% (P < 0,001) reduction in ectopic beat frequency at the optimal titrated
      dosage, with relatively few physical or biochemical side-effects. In situations
      where ventricular anti-arrhythmic therapy is deemed necessary, especially if long
      term use is considered, sotalol seems to be the agent of choice.

PMID- 399101
TI  - Three new procedures of Cajal's reduced silver method, adapted for the central
      nervous system of urodeles.

PMID- 399102
TI  - Annual oration on some lessons from the history of medicine.

PMID- 399103
TI  - [Progress in fungal virus research (author's transl)].

PMID- 399104
TI  - [Steel needle replicators used as differentiation aids in examining air- borne
      and surface germs].

PMID- 399105
TI  - [Examinations of the hygienic properties of the River Warnow in the period from
      1969 to 1978].

PMID- 399106
TI  - [Nature and significance of osteopenia].
AB  - New realisations on the regulation of bone and calcium metabolism by hormones and
      vitamins, modern methods of the radiologic and morphologico-morphometric
      diagnostics considerably increased our knowledge about the deminerlising diseases
      of the skeletal system. The possibilities for diagnostics and therapy resulting
      from this are restricted in practice by a non-adequate nomenclature. The
      introduction of the disease group notion "osteopenia" for all demineralising
      processes and its definition as well as the representation of the differential
      diagnostics of osteolamacia, fibrosteoclasia and syndrome of osteoporosis as
      clinical main representatives of osteopenia shall help to prevent diagnostic and
      therapeutic errors.

PMID- 399107
TI  - [Intra-articular therapy with radionuclides].
AB  - The 12-year experiences of a working team with the intraarticular radiogold
      therapy in persisting synovialitides of chronic rheumatic diseases and resistant
      irritation phases of arthroses are supplementarily described and a critical
      valuation is performed. Finally practical conclusions for the local joint therapy
      are made, taking into consideration also the experiences of other investigators.

PMID- 399108
TI  - [Clinical aspects of myocarditis--symptomatology, diagnosis and pathogenesis].
AB  - On the basis of newer knowledge from literature in a survey aspects of
      symptomatology, diagnostics and course of the myocarditis important for practice
      are represented. According to the frequency of the virus myocarditis is referred
      to the importance of immunopathogenetic factors for prognosis and course. Own
      experiences confirm the transition from an acute myocarditis into a chronic
      cardiomyopathy which was observed by various investigators. In a 17-year-old
      female patient the development of a congestive cardiomyopathy after acute
      myocarditis could be pursued for several years. After-examination of 58 patients
      after acute myocarditis resulted after 3 years in 62% in cardiac residual
      symptoms, in which cases anamnestic data and objective findings of the
      examination well correlated. In 14  patients (24.1%) chronic recidivating courses
      were found. The importance of the biopsy of the endomyocardium for the
      diagnostics and differential diagnostics of cardiomyopathies is represented at
      the instance of a 20-year-old male with subacute rheumatic myocarditis who was
      hospitalised on account of symptoms of a left heart insufficiency, enlargement of
      the heart and a picture of a left hypertrophy in the ECG. Bioptically was found a
      hypertrophy with formation of a large nucleus. After 1 1/2 years clinical
      improvement and normalisation of size of the heart and ECG. The control biopsy
      now resulted in normal findings of the heart.

PMID- 399109
TI  - [Value and results of coloscopic polypectomy].
AB  - From August 1976 till the end of February 1979 158 polyp in 83 patients (48 male
      and 35 female) were removed by means of the rectocoloscopic polypectomy with the
      high frequency diathermy loop. 66% of the polypi had a diameter of less than 1
      cm. Most the polypi were with about 70% in the sigma and in the rectum. With
      60.7% the adenomas appeared most frequently, followed by the hyperplastic polypi
      in 20% and by the inflammatory ones in 13.3% of the cases. With the increase of
      size of the polypi the proportion of the adenomas clearly increased in comparison
      to the other kinds of polypi. Severe epithelial atypias (altogether 23.1%) were
      more frequently in adenomas larger than 2 cm than in smaller ones. An invasive
      carcinoma was found in no polypus. Thus the endoscopic polypectomy in every case
      meant a curative therapy with great economic use. In patients a haemorrhage
      appeared as a complication of the coloscopic polypectomy. Only the removal of the
      polypi in toto allows an exact histological classification and the answer of the
      decisive question, whether in one adenoma only severe epithelial atypias are
      present and thus the polypectomy is therapeutically sufficient or whether there
      exists an adenocarcinoma, for the removal of which an operation according to the
      principles of the carcinoma surgery must be carried out. The endoscopic ablation
      of the adenomas thus means a genuine prophylaxis of cancer.

PMID- 399110
TI  - [Treatment of tumor diseases in older people].
AB  - By the increase of the average age of man among others also the problems of
      tumour diseases in old persons increasingly gain importance. In the therapy of
      malignant diseases, therefore, the various age-conditioned changes concerning the
      immunological system must be taken into consideration. Even though the tumour
      therapy on principle does not deviate in old patients from the tumour therapy in
      younger patients, it must yet be carried out with particular precaution and the
      restricted load capacity must be taken into consideration. Under these conditions
      also by means of polychemotherapy results may be achieved as they are possible in
      younger patients.

PMID- 399111
TI  - [The current problem of euthanasia -- a discussion].
AB  - New conditions and possibilities of medical treatment demand a more intensive
      discussion of the problems of the patient with heavy illness and of the dying
      patient. After a short representation of the notion of euthanasia the individual
      forms of dying help with their ethical consequences are discussed. Propositions
      are made for a further elaboration of these problems.

PMID- 399112
TI  - [Late complications in breast construction with silicone implants].
AB  - Of 187 patients with silicone breast implants 14% developed a capsular formation
      as late complication needing surgical therapy. Apparently neither the volume and
      type of prosthesis nor the operative proceeding had any influence on the
      formation of a constrictive capsule. No significant difference between
      augmentation plasty by hypo- and aplasia respectively and breast reconstruction
      after subcutaneous or radical mastectomy could be noticed. There has been no
      explanation for unilateral hypertrophic capsule formation after simultaneously
      performed bilateral prosthesis implantation. Compared with other authors we had a
      smaller incidence of the IIIrd and IVth stage capsular formation. This is caused
      by: 1. The advantage of a two-stage proceeding over the simultaneous one after
      subcutaneous mastectomy or subsequently to reconstruction by a flap plasty after
      radical mastectomy. 2. Systematic drainage of the bed of the prosthesis to avoid
      any hematoma or big liquid accumulations. Diffusion of silicone in the tissues by
      spontaneous rupture of the prosthesis as further late complication is discussed
      in 2 cases.

PMID- 399113
TI  - [Microsurgical plastic reconstruction of the explosion-damaged hand].
AB  - During the last two years, 16 severe explosion injuries of the hand have been
      treated with plastic microsurgery in our hospital. The injury had arisen in seven
      cases from the mixture sugar + sodium chlorate (C12H22O11 + NaClO3). This
      substance mixture may already be caused to explode by slight vibrations and the
      warmth of the hands. In explosion injuries, there is mechanical, chemical and
      thermal tissue damage. The postoperative course is therefore complicated in
      almost all cases. However, by meticulous removal of the disseminated foreign
      particles, excision of necrotic tissue and extensive reconstruction of the
      interrupted vascular and nerve supply, it is possible in a few cases to preserve
      functionally important parts of the hand. Later plastic procedures are made more
      difficult by tissue fibrosis and foreign body granulomas.

PMID- 399114
TI  - [Evaluation of a one-piece casting method for fixed dentures and its
      applicability].

PMID- 399115
TI  - [Cavity preparation for a one-piece cast fixed denture].

PMID- 399116
TI  - [Classical and modern clinical impression methods].

PMID- 399117
TI  - [Impression materials for one-piece cast fixed structures].

PMID- 399118
TI  - [Preparation of working model for one-piece cast structures].

PMID- 399119
TI  - [Design of one-piece cast fixed structures].

PMID- 399121
TI  - [Procedures for clinical testing and corrections of metal crowns].

PMID- 399120
TI  - [Investing, casting and finishing of one-piece cast fixed structure].

PMID- 399122
TI  - [Splinting procedure with the acid etch technic].

PMID- 399123
TI  - [Cast precision precious metal restorations].

PMID- 399124
TI  - [A possibility of improving retention of lower complete dentures].

PMID- 399125
TI  - [Orthodontics yesterday and today].

PMID- 399127
TI  - [Importance of occlusion analysis in diagnosis and therapy of periodontal
      disease].

PMID- 399126
TI  - [Infection hazards for dentists from spray and turbine treatment].

PMID- 399128
TI  - [Production of the base and connector elements of removable cast partial
      dentures].

PMID- 399129
TI  - [Metal-fusing porcelain. 11.3.5. Design of precious metal frameworks].

PMID- 399130
TI  - [Technology of dental technical work. Technology of bridge prostheses. 3.2.2].

PMID- 399131
TI  - [Problems and error possibilities in cast prosthetics].

PMID- 399132
TI  - [Technology of dental work. Technology of bridge prostheses].

PMID- 399133
TI  - [Designs in dental technology].

PMID- 399134
TI  - [Saalfelder conometer].

PMID- 399135
TI  - [Repair technic II. Extension of partial dentures with plastic].

PMID- 399136
TI  - [Problems and error possibilities in cast dentures. 4. Periodontal and caries
      prophylaxis in cast dentures].

PMID- 399137
TI  - [Surface fabrication of maxillary cast denture bases].

PMID- 399138
TI  - [Metal-fusing porcelains. 11.3 Porcelain fusing with precious metal alloys].

PMID- 399139
TI  - [Technology of bridge prostheses. 3. Bridge bodies with plastic veneers].

PMID- 399140
TI  - A comparison of epithalamic, hypothalamic and spinal neurosecretory terminals.
AB  - Nerve endings of epithalamic, hypothalamic and spinal neurosecretory areas were
      studied by light and electron microscopy in various vertebrates (from fishes up
      to mammals) including the lancelet. Areas investigated were the pineal organ, the
      pulvinar corporis pinealis, the neurohypophysis, the median eminence, the
      urophysis, the terminal filum and the medullo-spinal neurosecretory zones. We
      found that in all these areas the neurosecretory endings have common structures,
      which we call synaptic hemidesmosomes or neurohormonal terminals. These are
      characterized by accumulation of vesicles, and dense projections in a terminal on
      the basal lamina of the surface of the nervous tissue. A critical review of the
      literature suggests that a considerble neuroendocrine activity is associated with
      synaptic hemidesmosomes as special neurohormonal effector structures of the nerve
      cells. The cell-to-cell synapses formed by neurosecretory cells are discussed in
      connection with the dual capacity of these cells to function as both endocrine
      and "ordinary# neuronal elements. The importance of the external cerebrospinal
      fluid (CSF) space for the transport of materials released in the so-called
      neurohemal areas, is stressed.

PMID- 399141
TI  - Triplet sensitization of DNA.

PMID- 399142
TI  - Reduction of mutagenic activity of aflatoxins after UV-irradiation.
AB  - Solutions of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 and solid films of aflatoxin B1 were
      irradiated with UV light of wavelength corresponding to the absorption band of
      aflatoxins at approximately 365 nm (approximately 27 500 cm-1). The reaction was
      followed spectrophotometrically. Simultaneously the mutagenicity of samples of
      aflatoxins was determined using Salmonella typhimurium/mammalian microsome test.
      UV-irradiation caused a modification in all aflatoxins studied (in aqueous and
      nonaqueous solutions as well as in a solid film); the final photoproducts lost
      completely the mutagenic activity.

PMID- 399143
TI  - Sensitivity and repair of bacteria and phages after exposure to far and near UV
      light.
AB  - Inactivation of bacterial strains derived from E. coli B, which differ in the DNA
      repair capacity  (exc-, pol- and rec-) was investigated after far and near UV
      irradiation. The same strains were also used as hosts for UV-irradiated phage T7.
      The injuries caused in bacteria and phages by radiation with longer wavelengths
      were reparable with greater difficulty and only to a lesser extent by the
      investigated repair mechanisms. We suppose that near UV affects cell proteins and
      that, as a result of this damage, the DNA-repair systems may be inhibited.

PMID- 399144
TI  - Biological effects in bacteria of long-wave UV light.

PMID- 399145
TI  - Lethal cellular changes induced by near ultraviolet radiation.
AB  - There is clear evidence that significant quantities of lesions are induced in DNA
      by near-UV radiation and that these lesions, although susceptible to repair, may
      lead to cell death because of the simultaneous disruption of DNA repair systems
      by the same wavelengths. No particular DNA lesion can be linked to cell death in
      wild type strains. However, there are good grounds for speculating that a type of
      near-UV lesion exists which is rapidly "fixed" as a lethal event in cells as a
      result of the oxygen-dependent disruption of repair. There is a strong indication
      that the relative ability of various near-UV wavelengths to sensitize cells to
      heat, chemicals or other radiations is directly related to their efficiency in
      disrupting DNA repair systems in general. Some important specific questions
      remain. For example, it is important to ask why breaks formed at 365 nm and 405
      nm, although apparently requiring a pol dependent pathway for their repair, do
      not produce the predicted lethal biological action in the strains tested. In
      general terms it is hoped to provide more comprehensive physico-chemical data in
      support of, or contradicting, the proposed model.

PMID- 399146
TI  - The UV-response in repair-deficient human syndromes.

PMID- 399147
TI  - Laser microirradiation of cells.

PMID- 399148
TI  - [Exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus following UV irradiation--a
      hypothesis].

PMID- 399149
TI  - The role of growth hormone in the glucose intolerance of uremia.
AB  - The fasting plasma growth hormone (GH) concentration and the plasma growth
      hormone response to sustained hyperglycemia was examined in 8 chronically uremic
      subjects before and after hemodialysis employing the hyperglycemia clamp
      technique. The plasma glucose concentration was acutely raised and maintained at
      +125 mg/100 ml above basal levels. Since the glucose concentration was held
      constant, the glucose infusion rate is an index of glucose metabolism (M) and M
      divided by the plasma insulin response (I) is a measure of tissue sensitivity to
      insulin. Predialysis, the fasting GH concentration, 4.0 +/- 1.0 ng/ml, was
      significantly greater than controls, 0.3 +/- 0.1 ng/ml (p less than 0.01), and
      failed to suppress normally following sustained hyperglycemia. Both M, 4.23 +/-
      0.36 mg/kg x min, and M/I, 5.05 +/- 0.79 mg/kg x min per microU/ml, were
      significantly reduced compared to controls (p less than 0.001). There was no
      correlation between either the fasting GH concentration or the GH response to
      sustained hyperglycemia and either M or M/I. Following dialysis both M, 6.30 +/-
      0.64 mg/kg x min, and M/I, 8.39 +/- 1.06 mg/kg x min per microU/ml, increased (p
      less than 0.01) without significant change in either the fasting GH level, 4.0 +/
      1.2 ng/ml, or the plasma GH response to hyperglycemia. It is concluded that
      while deranged GH physiology is a common accompaniment of the uremic state, it is
      not responsible for the glucose intolerance and tissue insensitivity to insulin
      observed in uremia.

PMID- 399152
TI  - Influence of pregnancy on glucagon levels in insulin-dependent diabetic women.
AB  - Eight insulin-dependent non pregnant (IDD-NP), 10 insulin-dependent pregnant (IDD
      P) and 9 pregnant control women were studied. During intravenous arginine
      challenge (ATT) there were lower glucose and higher glucagon plasma levels in the
      IDD-P when compared to the IDD-NP. IRG levels in response to ATT were also
      significantly higher in diabetic than in non diabetic control pregnant women.
      These results seem to indicate that pregnancy in diabetic women, in contrast to
      that observed in normal women, enhances glucagon secretion with impairment of the
      physiological mechanism of the facilitated anabolism present in normal pregnancy.

PMID- 399150
TI  - Effect of maturation and senescence on carbohydrate utilization and insulin
      responsiveness of rat adipose tissue.
AB  - The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of aging upon the
      metabolism and the responsiveness to insulin of epididymal adipose tissue from
      rats (6 weeks, 6 and 24 months). Basal glucose metabolism by these tissues and
      adipocytes was positively related to cell size, for each age group. But age per
      se plays an important role: for the same diameter, the U-14C-glucose oxidation to
      CO2 and its incorporation into triglycerides described markedly between 6 weeks
      and 6 months, as reported peviously, and decreased still further between 6 months
      and 24 months, for any diameter. In contrast, insulin responsiveness of adipose
      tissue fragments and fat cells was negatively correlated to adipose cell size,
      when we analyzed the role of cell diameter for a group of given age. When
      comparing the sensitivity to hormone for a given cell volume but at different
      ages, it appeared that insulin resistance increased considerably between 6 weeks
      and 6 months and was still more marked in old age. The mechanisms underlying
      these facts have been discussed.

PMID- 399151
TI  - The production and characteristics of anti-insulin, anti-A-component and anti
      proinsulin antibodies in patients treated with monocomponent or conventional
      insulin.
AB  - Highly purified pork monocomponent insulin produced less anti-insulin antibody
      than conventional insulins in diabetic patients. The smaller amount of anti
      insulin antibody produced by MC insulin bound pork insulin more strongly than
      beef insulin in both displacement and direct binding studies of 125I-insulin. On
      the contrary, anti-insulin antibody which was produced by conventional insulins
      (beef insulin or mixture of pork and beef insulin) bound beef insulin more
      strongly. No significant anti-a-component and anti-proinsulin antibodies were
      detected in diabetics treated with highly purified monocomponent pork insulin
      about two years, compared to significant production of these antibodies in
      diabetics treated with conventional insulins. These results suggest that the
      species difference of the insulin molecule itself plays a significant role for
      the production of anti-insulin antibody, as the impurities do, in insulin-treated
      diabetic patients. The production of anti-insulin and anti-a-component antibodies
      decreased clearly after switching to highly purified monocomponent from
      conventional insulin. No effect of the switching on insulin requirement was
      found; however, better control of diabetes was accomplished in relation to the
      level of fasting blood sugar.

PMID- 399154
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of cerebral ventricles: optimum tissue preparation
      technique.
AB  - Different preparative techniques described in the literature were compared for
      the study of the ventricular surfaces. To develop a standard method applicable
      also under experimental conditions the following procedure is recommended for
      scanning electron microscopy. (1) Fixation. After perfusion with a heparin
      containing mammalian Ringer-solution (37 degrees C) fixation by collidine
      buffered OsO4 (2%). The rate of perfusion should vary between 60--90 drops per
      minute. Osmotic pressure of the fixative solutions is optimal between 800--1000
      mOsm. (2) Drying, Distortion-free drying of the surfaces of the cerebral
      ventricles cannot be achieved in air. Use of critical point dryers only ensures
      preservation of the fine structure. (3) Evaporation. The method of metal
      evaporation is an important part in the development of the final quality of the
      picture. Distribution of the metal layer is ideal with an Au--Pd  alloy. If a
      rotating metal evaporator is not available, evaporation from different directions
      also gives satisfactory results.

PMID- 399153
TI  - [Renin-angiotensin system in hepatic cirrhosis].

PMID- 399155
TI  - Identification of early glial elements as the precursors of Bergmann-glia: a
      Golgi-analysis of the developing rat cerebellar cortex.
AB  - The developing rat cerebellar cortex was studied by the rapid Golgi procedure in
      200 mu thick slices and in 1--2 mu thick semithin sections poststained with
      toluidine-blue. Glial cells having radial fibres directed towards the pial
      surface were found to be present continuously in the internal granular layer
      during cerebellar maturation. This cell type was identified as the developing
      Bergmann-glia.

PMID- 399157
TI  - Interneurons: an electron microscopic study of the cat's hippocampal formation,
      II.
AB  - The ultrastructure of interneurons was studied in the cat and it was found to
      differ from that of the pyramidal and granule cells. The size, shape and
      topographic situation of the cell body of interneurons were the criteria for
      approaching their identification with the cells found in Golgi material. Some
      interneuron dendrites are also described. The varicose and spindle-shaped
      dendritic profiles belonging to interneurons are different in size. In Golgi
      material the interneurons have beaded (varicose) or spindle-shaped dendrites. The
      arrangement of synaptic terminals on the interneuron dendritic surface seems to
      be their characteristic feature.

PMID- 399156
TI  - Neuronal pathways to the margin of the hypothalamic median eminence and to the
      pituitary stalk of the rat. I. A golgi and degeneration study.
AB  - The course and termination of nerve fibres approaching the median eminence from
      lateral direction were studied in Golgi specimens and by the axon-degeneration
      technique. Varicose nerve fibres could be traced from an area corresponding to
      the medial and superficial portion of the medial forebrain bundle. They run
      immediately underneath the free ventral surface of the hypothalamus. Parasagittal
      knife-cuts placed at various distances (0.5 to 1.4 mm) from the midline resulted
      in a large number of degenerated axon fragments along the margin of the median
      eminence, on both sides of the tuberoinfundibular sulcus. Scattered degenerated
      fragments were found in the lateral part of the palisade zone as well as in the
      pituitary stalk. No degeneration could be seen in the abo9ve mentioned areas if
      the cut was as far as 1.8 mm from the midline. Degenerated axon fragments
      appeared as soon as 5 hours following the lesion indicating that the time course
      of ultrastructural degenerative alterations is remarkably fast in this fibre
      system.

PMID- 399158
TI  - Cephalic neural crest and placodes.

PMID- 399159
TI  - Structural and functional characteristics of immunoglobulins of the common
      domestic species.

PMID- 399161
TI  - [Current status of endosseous implantations in the field of odontostomatology].

PMID- 399160
TI  - Applications of transplantation immunology in the dog.

PMID- 399162
TI  - [Which layer is responsible for the structural modifications of the mandibular
      condyle?].

PMID- 399163
TI  - [The most recent trends in treatment of cancer of the cervix].

PMID- 399164
TI  - [Determination of plasmatic C-peptide and its clinical uses].
AB  - Physiopathological basis and methodological implications of the
      radioimmunological estimation of plasma C-peptide, as a test of beta cell
      secretory activity, are reviewed. Personal results are reported concerning C
      peptide assay, both in basal and stimulative conditions, in insulindependent long
      and short-term diabetes. In 1 case of organic, and 2 cases of functional
      hyperinsulinism, the test gave useful clinical information. The method of L.
      Heding-Novo Research Institute, Bagsvaerd, Denmark-, with previous elimination of
      proinsulin and insulinantibody in patients with high values of IgG insulin
      binding, proved to be suitable to endocrinological routine.

PMID- 399165
TI  - An infertile male with balanced Y;19 translocation. Review of Y;autosome
      translocations.
AB  - Cytogenetic studies on a phenotypically normal male, presenting with infertility,
      revealed a balanced Y;19 translocation - 46,XY,t (Y;19) (q11; p or q13). The
      patient had a normal hormone profile, but semen analysis showed immature cells in
      the fluid. The possible mechanisms causing the infertility are discussed. An
      extensive review of the literature of Y ; autosome translocations indicates that
      there are 2 types, those in which the broken segment of the Y is translocated to
      the short arm or centromeric region of an acrocentric chromosome, and those in
      which the Y material is translocated onto a long or short arm region of a non
      acrocentric chromosome. The first type is less frequently associated with
      infertility and hypogonadism than the second type. There is presumptive evidence
      that the first type is non-random.

PMID- 399166
TI  - Partial trisomy 9 : clinical and cytogenetic correlations.
AB  - A study of three new cases with different trisomies involving chromosome 9 and a
      review of about 100 cases of partial trisomy 9 reported in the literature,
      suggested some cytogenetical and clinical correlations and lead us to propose the
      nomenclature of Rethore's syndrome type 1 and type 2.

PMID- 399167
TI  - Attempts to biological demonstration of endotoxin potency in Legionella
      pneumophila.

PMID- 399168
TI  - [In-vitro study of the sensitivity of a strain of Candida albicans to an
      antibiotic-antimycotic combination (refampicin-amphotericin B)].

PMID- 399169
TI  - Properties and mechanism of action of lymphokines (LK): current state of studies
      of mediators of cellular immunity. A review.

PMID- 399170
TI  - [Serratia marcescens bacteremia in a neonatal intensive therapy center:
      epidemiological study].
AB  - The Authors have isolated Serratia marcescens in nine coltures of blood, effected
      during the period Genuary 1 - February 28, 1979, in a newborn nursery. They have
      carried an epidemiologic study in immature ward, in newborn children and sanitary
      personnel. Extensive cultures of objects, equipment and air were negative for
      Serratia marcaescens. The exact mode by which Serratia was introduced into the
      immature ward could not be determined. The Authors point out on importance of
      contamination in newborn children by @opportunist" Gram-negative bacilli.

PMID- 399171
TI  - Responses of the cat cerebellar units to mechanical stimulation of the Achilles'
      tendon.

PMID- 399172
TI  - [Calcitonin inhibition of insulin-stimulated gastric secretion. A possibility of
      selective evaluation of gastric secretory function].
AB  - There is both clinical and experimental evidence for the antigastric effect of
      calcitonin. A study was therefore made of gastric secretion after maximum insulin
      stimulation, and during its inhibition by calcitonin. Evaluation of basal acid
      flow and the maximum acidity peak in these two tests showed that the difference
      between the two peaks was related to the increase in gastrin. This was not the
      case during inhibition. The results show that selective evaluation of gastric
      secretion enables selective surgical techniques to be employed in the treatment
      of duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 399173
TI  - [Benign monoclonal gammopathies. General clinical considerations on 30 cases].
AB  - With reference to a previously published series, an electronic computer is used
      to analyse clinical data and some criteria for diagnosing benign monoclonal
      gammopathies are set out.

PMID- 399174
TI  - [Spontaneous double ventricular parasystole].

PMID- 399177
TI  - Tumor-associated antibodies in the serum of patients with ocular melanoma. III.
      Immunoperoxidase detection.

PMID- 399175
TI  - [Cardiac insufficiency in childhood].

PMID- 399176
TI  - An Escherichia coli strain that causes diarrhea by invasion of the small
      intestinal mucosa and induces monosaccharide intolerance.
AB  - E. coli can induced diarrhea either by enterotoxin production or by invasion of
      the colonic mucosa. Here we report a 2/12 year old infant with caute diarrhea
      induced by E. coli strain, isolated from the jejunal fluid, that had no
      enterotoxigenic activity but invaded the small intestinal mucosa and induced
      severe morphological alterations. Total villous atrophy and monosaccharide
      intolerance occured. After 51 days of hospitalization there was a partial
      recovery of the small intestinal morphology and the patient could also tolerate
      disaccharides again.

PMID- 399178
TI  - Suprathreshold static perimetry. Initial clinical trials with the Fieldmaster
      automated perimeter.

PMID- 399179
TI  - Timolol and epinephrine. Comparisin of efficacy and side effects.

PMID- 399180
TI  - Timolol plus maximum-tolerated antiglaucoma therapy.

PMID- 399182
TI  - A unified concept of stress in plants?

PMID- 399181
TI  - Ions and osmoregulation.

PMID- 399183
TI  - Genetic methods to breed salt tolerance in plants.

PMID- 399185
TI  - Effect of electrolytes on growth of mutant bacteria.

PMID- 399184
TI  - The role of L-proline in response to osmotic stress in Salmonella typhimurium:
      selection of mutants with increased osmotolerance as strains which over-produce L
      proline.

PMID- 399186
TI  - [Frequency of Escherichia coli serotypes in urinary infections].
AB  - Among the large O-groups of E.coli isolated from urinary-tract infections, a few
      groups appear more frequent. The AA report about this frequency in the district
      of L'Aquilla. Of 147 stocks of E.coli, the most frequent O-groups are the O6
      (28,5%), the O75 (20,4%), the O2 (10,2%), the O18 (6,1%), the O5 (4,1%), the O39
      (2%).

PMID- 399187
TI  - [Behavior of C-peptide and immunoreactive insulin in essential obesity].
AB  - The levels of glucose, immunoreactive insulin and C-peptide were studied in 13
      obese patients and 10 control subjects, in basal conditions and after an oral
      glucose load (OGTT). The IRI and C-peptide levels were higher in the obese
      patients than in the controls either during fasting or during the OGTT. The C
      peptide/IRI ratio decreased after the oral glucose load in both groups studied.
      However in the obese subjects the values for the C-peptide/IRI ratio were lower
      than those found in the controls during the same observation period. These
      results suggest the hypothesis that in the obese patients the high IRI levels
      which reflect an increased insulin secretion, are, at least in part, due to an
      early saturation of the hepatic degradation of insulin and/or to a decrease in
      the specific receptor sites normally present in the cell membranes.

PMID- 399188
TI  - Structure-function relationships in the small-intestinal brush border membrane: a
      site of the merging of biochemistry, physiology and nutrition which Bottazzi
      indicated two thirds of a century ago.

PMID- 399189
TI  - Insulin receptors in human mononuclear leucocytes. I. Binding and degradation of
      insulin in normal subjects.
AB  - The binding and degradation of 125I-Insulin were investigated in mononuclear
      leukocytes of normal subjects. The binding data analysis show that the insulin
      degradation is strictly correlated with the binding of the hormone to its
      receptors: these data suggest that the binding of insulin to specific receptor is
      the possible first step for its degradation.

PMID- 399190
TI  - Insulin receptors in human mononuclear leucocytes. II. Binding and degradation of
      insulin in obese subjects.
AB  - The binding of insulin to the receptors on circulating mononuclear cells of obese
      subjects is significantly decreased when compared to the binding in normal
      subjects. This fenomenon is due to the reduction of the number of insulin
      receptors rather than reduction in affinity. The insulin degradation is also
      reduced, but a very strong correlation, similar to that demonstrated in normal
      subjects exist between insulin binding to its receptors and insulin degradation.

PMID- 399191
TI  - Drug metabolism.

PMID- 399192
TI  - Recent molecular theories of general anaesthesia.

PMID- 399193
TI  - Enflurane.

PMID- 399194
TI  - Anticholinergic drugs.

PMID- 399195
TI  - The management of diabetes during surgery.

PMID- 399196
TI  - Study of the mutagenic action of cyclophosphane on bacteria in host-mediated
      assay.
AB  - The mutagenic actin of cyclophosphane (CP) on the bacterium S. typhimurium TA
      1950 in host-mediated assay (mice) was investigated. The mutagenic effect of CP
      depended on the dose. Administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) to the
      animals modified the level of the mutagenic effect of CP. The direction of the
      modification depended on the time elapsed between the introduction of CCl4 and
      CP. The use of adrenalectomized animals as the mediator led to an increase in the
      frequency of mutations induced by CP in indicator bacteria.

PMID- 399197
TI  - An evaluation of the genetic danger of pesticides.
AB  - Literature and personal data are presented concerning the genetic effect of 160
      pesticides. Methods and test objects used to detect genetically active pesticides
      are analyzed. A scheme is proposed for screening pesticides with mutagenic effect
      at all levels of the organization of life. In connection with the pervasive
      influence of pesticides on the biosphere, the necessity of detailed study of the
      genetic effects of pesticides on a series of test systems is stressed.

PMID- 399198
TI  - Side differences and side-to-side correlatins in pattern expression of palmar
      dermatoglyphic non-metric traits.

PMID- 399199
TI  - Inter-relationships among 10 palmar dermatoglyphic non-metric traits.

PMID- 399200
TI  - On the perception of speech sounds as biologically significant signals.
AB  - This paper reviews some of the major evidence and arguments currently available
      to support the view that human speech perception may require the use of
      specialized neural mechanisms for perceptual analysis. Experiments using
      synthetically produced speech signals with adults are briefly summarized and
      extensions of these results to infants and ther organisms are reviewed with an
      emphasis towards detailing those aspects of speech perception that may require
      some need for specialized species-specific processors. Finally, some comments on
      the role of early experience in perceptual development are provided as an attempt
      to identify promising areas of new research in speech perception.

PMID- 399201
TI  - The infancy of infant speech perception: the first decade of research.

PMID- 399202
TI  - Models and mechanisms in speech perception. Species comparisons provide further
      contributions.
AB  - Results of recent experiments on the perception of speech-sound categories by
      nonhuman listeners are reviewed in light of current models of speech perception,
      and are compared to data obtained in similar experiments on human infants. In
      general, the data on nonhuman animals parallel those obtained from human infants,
      suggesting the possibility that certain auditory perceptual predispositions
      shared by mammals played a role in the selection of sounds for a speech-sound
      repertoire. The findings are generally relevant to the origins and evolution of
      speech and language, to theories of speech perception, and to the notion of
      innate predispositions for the perception of auditory signals that are part of an
      organism's communicative repertoire.

PMID- 399203
TI  - Monkey vocalizations and human speech: parallels in perception?
AB  - Primate vocal repertoires may be classified along a continuum of discrete vs.
      graded signals, with the placement of a particular repertoire a result of the
      interplay between the species' social organization and adaptive specializations
      of individual signals engendered by the physical environment and their use.
      Discussion of the different types of graded signals reveals that they may possess
      either transitional, ontogenetic, or internal variability. Upon examination, the
      speech of humans is found to contain primarily internally graded signals, and it
      is suggested that the major phenomena of human speech perception are related to
      this internally graded quality. Based on this analysis of human speech, it is
      proposed that other species possessing internal gradings (e.g., Japanese
      macaques) are also likely to demonstrate similar perceptual phenomena for their
      own graded vocalizations.

PMID- 399204
TI  - Perception of conspecific vocalizations by Japanese macaques. Evidence for
      selective attention and neural lateralization.
AB  - Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) and control species (vervet, pigtailed
      macaque, bonnet macaque) were trained for food to respond to one class of
      recorded fuscata vocalizations and do not respond to a second class. A measure of
      neural lateralization was obtained by presenting the stimuli randomly to the
      right or the left ear, and comparing performance in the two ears (ear advantage
      method). Vocalizations were from Steven Green's field tapes. In experiment I, the
      two classes were Green's 'smooth early high coos' (SE) and 'smooth late high
      coos' (SL). Experiment II utilized the same vocalizations, but sorted into a high
      pitched and a low-pitched class, i.e., orthogonally to the communication-relevant
      dimension. We found that (a) Japanese macaques learned the SE-SL discrimination
      faster than the pitch discrimination; (b) the reverse was true for the controls;
      (c) Japanese macaques showed a right-ear advantage (presumed left hemisphere
      advantage) for the SE-SL distinction, but not for the pitch discrimination, and
      (d) controls (with one exception) showed no ear advantage for either
      discrimination. These demonstrations of selective attention to communication
      relevant parameters of conspecific vocalizations, and neural lateralization in
      the perception of these vocalizations, parallel similar findings in human speech
      perception.

PMID- 399205
TI  - Transference of drug to recipient via corneal graft taken from donor dying of
      barbiturate poisoning.

PMID- 399206
TI  - [In memoriam Paul Debaisieux (1886-1978)].

PMID- 399207
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. M. Semonsky].

PMID- 399208
TI  - Lepromatous leprosy as a model of Schwann cell pathology and lysosomal activity.
AB  - A brief illustrated account is presented of the light microscopic pathology,
      histochemistry of lysosomal enzymes, and fine structural changes in the nerves of
      patients with untreated or treated lepromatous leprosy. Predominant bacillation
      of the Schwann cells of unmyelinated fibres, degeneration of their axons,
      prominence of phagolysosomes, and disappearance of these cells with endoneurial
      collagenosis were observed on electronmicroscopic examination of the index branch
      of the radial cutaneous nerve. Although there were changes in the blood vessels
      and proliferation of perineurium, bacillation of endothelial or perineurial cells
      was much less conspicuous. Intact and degenerating forms of M. leprae were found
      in both treated and untreated patients, fragmenting or crumpled forms being more
      frequent in the treated. Both groups of patients also showed increased lysosomal
      enzyme activity, evidenced by single or paired paranodal spots of acid
      phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase in Schwann cells in histochemical preparations
      of the nerve. There was lesser activity, and activity in fewer cells, in the case
      of beta-glucuronidase than of acid phosphatase. Diffuse beta-glucuronidase
      activity was found in the wall of empty-looking oval chambers in the Schwann
      cells, and acid-fast bacilli were seen in these chambers. In teased fibre
      preparations, both axonal degeneration and segmental demyelination were found. In
      semi-thin araldite sections, the myelinated fibre density was either preserved or
      reduced; large diameter fibres were more frequently depleted, with tall peaks of
      smaller fibres seen on plotting diameter spectra.

PMID- 399209
TI  - Infective endocarditis: is it being neglected within the dental profession?

PMID- 399210
TI  - [Effects of pindolol on arterial pressure and plasma renin activity in essential
      hypertension and in hypertension during chronic renal insufficiency].

PMID- 399212
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment of crowded teeth. Expansion of dental arch (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 399211
TI  - [Pharmacological effects of biguanides on intestinal motility and absorption].

PMID- 399213
TI  - [Allogeneic bone transplantation in reconstruction of mandibular defects
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 399214
TI  - Microscopic cytochemistry as matrix chemistry.
AB  - Microscopic cytochemical procedures, unlike reactions in test tubes, have to be
      undertaken while the compounds to be localized and quantified are present in the
      structural matrix of cells or tissues. Cytochemical reactions therefore differ
      from analogous staining reactions in homogeneous media because the diffusion of
      reagents into and out of the matrix and the molecular state around the compounds
      in the matrix to be stained, as well as the presence of many potentially
      interfering substances in the matrix, produce additional complications in terms
      of both specificity and quantitation. These complications can be studied
      quantitatively and in detail in artificially prepared matrices of defined
      geometry into which pure compounds or mixtures (of known composition) with other
      biological compounds can be incorporated. Since the composition of the matrix
      models is known, and the amount or activity of the compound to be stained can be
      analysed biochemically too, matrices are well suited to studies of the
      specificity of cytochemical reactions. They can also be used to study
      quantitative aspects of the influence of fixation procedures on the state of the
      incorporated compound. In addition, matrices can--by further biochemical analysis
      -be used to calibrate the intensity of cytophotometrically measured staining in
      terms of amounts of stained substance or in biochemical enzymic activity units.
      Finally, films and beads containing known amounts of known compounds can be used
      for objective quality control of commercially available cytochemical reagents.

PMID- 399215
TI  - Appropriate technology for the quantitative assessment of the final reaction
      product of histochemical techniques.
AB  - This paper describes instruments for microfluorometry and microspectrophotometry,
      an interactive graphic tablet linked to a microprocessor for semi-automated
      morphometry, and systems using rapid scanning stages or television scanning
      techniques for automated analysis of biological material. Some applications of
      these techniques in clinical work are described.

PMID- 399217
TI  - [Determination of plasma renin activities in 47 cases of primary hypertension
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 399216
TI  - Qualitative cytological criteria for the validation of enzyme histochemical
      techniques.
AB  - Qualitative cytological criteria are concerned with the 'precision' of a
      histochemical reaction and form part of the general criteria for the validation
      of enzyme histochemical techniques. Three major problem areas are considered: (a)
      the general artifacts which interfere with the 'clean' appearance of the tissue
      sections; (b) the exact intracellular localization of the final reaction product
      and its relationship to specific subcellular compartments; (c) the problem of
      diffusion of enzymes or reaction products, or both, from their primary
      subcellular sites. Each of these points is discussed and illustrated by a few
      examples and the conclusion is drawn that by careful consideration of various
      criteria the enzyme cytochemical techniques can provide 'quantitative'
      information comparable to biochemical measurements of enzyme activity in tissue
      homogenates. In the example of localization of catalase with 3,3'
      diaminobenzidine it is demonstrated that biochemical enzyme assays corrrelate
      closely with quantitative morphometric data obtained from cytochemical
      preparations through an automatic image analyser system.

PMID- 399218
TI  - [Renin-angiotensin system and hypertension (author's transl)].

PMID- 399219
TI  - Experimental sectional denture.

PMID- 399220
TI  - Face to face with Sheila Faith, JP, LDS, MP.. Interview by H. Colin Davis.

PMID- 399221
TI  - The great Hess mystery (Rudolf Hess).

PMID- 399222
TI  - The E. A. Dennison Award.

PMID- 399223
TI  - You can call her 'Doctor' or you can call her 'Captain'. (Captain Carolyn L.
      Shreve).

PMID- 399224
TI  - A Navy dentist's diary: from Okinawa to Viet Nam. (Griffin T. Murphey).

PMID- 399226
TI  - [The step from a heuristic growth curve to a biophysical model].

PMID- 399225
TI  - Will Christian Dior dentures be next?

PMID- 399227
TI  - [Goethe's own testimony about his involvement with "organic Nature." III. Letters
      (1818-1832)].
AB  - This third and last extract from GOETHE's letters between 1818 and 1832 follows
      the Sophien-Ausgabe of Weimar with the exception of the last two remarks which
      were drawn from other sources. In 1818, GOETHE riched the 69th year of his life.
      In this late life-time, he corresponded with scientists, literati, musicians, his
      son, and his grand-duke CARL AUGUST. The subjects of his correspondence are
      problems of the scientific investigations' organization as well as of true
      science, predominantly of paleontology and general morphology including the
      comparative anatomy.

PMID- 399228
TI  - Breast and gynecologic cancers. Their unique impact on body image and sexual
      identity in women.

PMID- 399229
TI  - The stoma patient and his return to society.

PMID- 399230
TI  - Sexual dysfunction following therapy for cancer of the prostate, testis, and
      penis.

PMID- 399231
TI  - Primary radiation therapy for early breast cancer.

PMID- 399232
TI  - The importance of I. M. Sechenov's ideas on formation of human nervous and mental
      activity for evolutionary neurophysiology.

PMID- 399233
TI  - The role of I. M. Sechenov's ideas in development of modern views on time
      perception.

PMID- 399234
TI  - Angiotensin II, aldosterone and arterial pressure: a quantitative approach.
      Arthur C. Corcoran Memorial Lecture.

PMID- 399235
TI  - Independence of the central nervous and the peripheral renin-angiotensin systems
      in the dog.
AB  - What regulates the activity of the central nervous renin-angiotensin system is
      not known. To define whether control of this central system is linked to that in
      the periphery, simultaneous blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples for
      measurement of immunoreactive angiotensin II were drawn from anesthetized dogs
      during hemorrhage, furosemide-induced volume depletion, insulin-hypoglycemia,
      beta-adrenergic blockade and saline infusion. Despite vigorous increments or
      decrements in plasma innunoreactive angiotensin II, CSF levels remained stable.
      Since immunoreactive angiotensin II in dog CSF is claimed to be mainly the
      heptapeptide des-Asp1-angiotensin II (angiotensin III), the possibility that the
      level of this peptide within CSF simply reflects plasma concentrations was
      assessed by infusing angiotensin III (2.5 and 25 ng/kg/min intravenously, each
      for 60 minutes) and monitoring plasma and CSF peptide levels. Whereas plasma
      immunoreactive angiotensin II levels increased appropriately across the
      infusions, no change in CSF levels was observed. These studies indicate the
      angiotensin III does not cross the blood-CSF barrier, at least in the short term.

PMID- 399236
TI  - Production of sustained hypertension by lesions in the nucleus tractus solitarii
      of the American foxhound.

PMID- 399238
TI  - Plasma and urinary norepinephrine values at extremes of sodium intake in normal
      man.

PMID- 399237
TI  - Raised cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine in some patients with primary
      hypertension.
AB  - To test whether central neurogenic factors participate in blood pressure
      elevation in primary hypertension, we studied the concentrations of:
      norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) in cerebrospinal
      fluid (CSF); and norepinephrine, epinephrine, DBH and plasma renin activity (PRA)
      in plasma of 22 subjects (seven with primary hypertension, 11 normotensive
      patients with non-systemic neurological disorders, and four with secondary
      hypertension). Plasma and CSF norepinephrine (NE) were increased in primary
      hypertensives compared to normotensives. Cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine was
      related to diastolic blood pressure, and systolic blood pressure when
      normotensive and primary hypertensives were taken together. The CSF
      norepinephrine of primary hypertensive patients was correlated with natural log
      PRA. The CSF norepinephrine was correlated inversely with age in primary
      hypertensive patients but not in the normotensive subjects. The low CSF
      norepinephrine and epinephrine, despite markedly increased plasma NE and
      epinephrine, in two patients with pheochromocytoma, indicate a blood-brain
      barrier for these neurohormones. The observations support the view that the
      central sympathetic nervous system is involved in the pathogenesis of primary
      hypertension, particularly in younger patients.

PMID- 399239
TI  - Interruption of the renin-angiotensin system in hypertensive patients by
      captopril induces sustained reduction in aldosterone secretion, potassium
      retention and natruiresis.

PMID- 399240
TI  - Relation between blood pressure and renin, renin substrate, angiotensin II,
      aldosterone and urinary sodium and potassium in 574 ambulatory subjects.
AB  - Five hundred and seventy-four ambulatory subjects with blood pressures ranging
      from 94/58 to 250/145 mm Hg were studied on their usual dietary and sodium
      intake. Renin, renin substrate, angiotensin II, aldosterone and urinary sodium
      and potassium were compared with blood pressure to access the contribution of
      these variables to the blood pressure variance. Our analyses revealed that renin
      substrate was highly and positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure (r =
      +0.39; p < 0.00001) but all other components of the renin-aldosterone system
      exhibited a significant negative correlation with blood pressure. A highly
      significant relationship between potassium, the renin-aldosterone system and
      blood pressure was found but no such relationship could be demonstrated for
      sodium. Subjects with higher blood pressures had lower urinary potassium
      concentrations and lower potassium/creatine ratios. These findings raised the
      possibility of a significant pathogenetic relationship between potassium and high
      blood pressure. Multiple linear regression reveals that influences of the renin
      angiotensin-aldosterone system can only account for less than 20% of the variance
      exhibited by the blood pressure in these subjects.

PMID- 399241
TI  - Effects of prostacyclin (PGI2), 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha and PGE2 on sympathetic nerve
      function in mesenteric arteries and veins of the rabbit in vitro.

PMID- 399242
TI  - Sodium, extracellular fluid volume, and cardiac output changes in the genesis of
      mineralocorticoid hypertension in the intact dog.

PMID- 399243
TI  - [Resistance of gram-negative bacteria against cefaclor and other antibiotics
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Five hundred and eighty-six strains of eight species of Enterobacteriaceae were
      tested for their resistance against cefaclor, cefamandole, cephalothin,
      ampicillin, mezocillin, tetracycline and co-trimoxazole. Cefaclor showed a low
      rate of resistance against Escherichia coli (1.2%), Klebsiella (2%) and Proteus
      mirabilis (3.1%), but a high rate of resistance against indole-positive Proteus
      species (60%) and Serratia (80%). Cefamandole was also effective against cefaclor
      and ampicillin resistant strains. Multiresistant strains were predominant
      especially amongst Enterobacter, Serratia and indole-positive Proteus species. Of
      266 ampicillin resistant strains, 198 strains (74.4%) proved to be sensitive to
      cefaclor. Among the orally administered antibiotics cefaclor exhibited the best
      result with 12.1% resistant strains compared to 14.8% strains resistant to co
      trimoxazole and 45.4% resistant to ampicillin.

PMID- 399244
TI  - [The antibacterial efficacy of cefaclor against bacteria resistant to ampicillin,
      tetracycline and co-trimoxazole (author's transl)].
AB  - The antibacterial activity of the new oral cephalosporin cefaclor was
      investigated using 623 freshly isolated bacterial strains. A high degree of
      efficacy of cefaclor was noticed against Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and
      Klebsiella. Nearly all strains which were sensitive to ampicillin, tetracycline
      and co-trimoxazole were also inhibited by cefaclor. Some of the strains resistant
      to the three above-mentioned antibiotics were also sensitive to cefaclor as
      follows: all of ten P. mirabilis strains resistant to co-trimoxazole, 54% of the
      E. coli strains resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline and co-trimoxazole, and 18%
      of the Klebsiella strains resistant to tetracycline and co-trimoxazole.

PMID- 399245
TI  - [Bacteriological in vitro investigations with cefaclor. Correlation of inhibition
      zone diameter and minimal inhibitory concentration (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparison of the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of cefaclor and
      cephalexin shows that cefaclor is noticeably superior against Citrobacter.
      Enterobacter and Proteus mirabilis. Only slight differences are seen against
      other enterobacteria and Staphylococcus aureus. Both cefaclor and cephalexin are
      completely ineffective against enterococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Regression
      analysis to correlate the inhibition zone diameter and MIC of cefaclor produced a
      very good correlation (r = -0.9741). Using 30 mcg discs on DST agar, inhibition
      zones of more than 20 mm are to be interpreted as "sensitivity" and zones of less
      than 13 mm as "resistance".

PMID- 399246
TI  - [Subinhibitory activity of cefaclor and cephalexin (author's transl)].
AB  - The determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), which is usually
      performed after 18 to 24 hours of incubation, results in the case of cefaclor in
      a false picture of the actual activity. Cefaclor is chemically so unstable that
      after 24 hours only 2-5% of the substance is microbiologically active. In order
      to compare the activity of cefaclor and cephalexin, the effect of subinhibitory
      concentrations of both antibiotics against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella
      pneumoniae strains was studied by means of turbidimetry. After eight hours the
      absolute inhibitory concentration of cefaclor was lower than that of cephalexin
      with both methods. At the same time the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of
      both antibiotics was equal. Automatic measurement over 20 hours showed at the end
      of the experiment a higher MIC, and also a higher subinhibitory range, for
      cefaclor than for cephalexin. In our opinion the absolute inhibitory
      concentration after eight hours should be the criterion used to evaluate the
      effectiveness of cefaclor and cephalexin, and not the MIC which is usually used.
      The eight-hour criterion should also be applied in clinical use.

PMID- 399247
TI  - [In vitro activity of oral cephalosporins (author's transl)].
AB  - The in vitro activity of cephradine, cephalexin, and cefaclor was studied in
      comparison with that of cephalothin. Cefaclor inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis
      somewhat more than cephalexin and cephradine. There is no marked difference in
      the stability of the three substances in the presence of beta-lactamases, and the
      outer membrane of Escherichia coli is no barrier to permeation of any of the
      three antibiotics.

PMID- 399248
TI  - [Thin layer and high pressure liquid chromatography investigations with cefaclor
      in urine and serum (author's transl)].
AB  - After oral administration of 500 mg cefaclor, antibacterially active metabolites
      could not be detected in human urine using thin layer chromatography followed by
      bioautography. Degradation products of cefaclor could also not be detected in the
      serum of human volunteers (n = 10) using high pressure liquid chromatography with
      a reversed phase system. Cefaclor was eluated as a single and homogenous peak
      with a retention period of 2.9 min. High pressure liquid chromatography for the
      measurement of cefaclor serum levels and a technique for preparation of serum
      samples are described. After administration of 500 mg cefaclor to volunteers (n =
      10), the average peak serum concentration of 9.8 mg/l, determined by high
      pressure liquid chromatography, was observed after one hour. Four hours later the
      serum level was 0.3 mg/l. Using microbiological methods no statistically
      significant difference was obtained in comparison with the chromatography
      results. Some of the sera stored at -75 degrees C for four weeks showed a
      substantial loss of activity of cefaclor.

PMID- 399249
TI  - [Influence of cefaclor on experimental pyelonephritis (author's transl)].
AB  - A comparative study on the antibiotic activity of cefaclor and cephradine was
      performed in an infection and therapy model of acute pyelonephritis in the rat.
      Pathogens were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antibiotics, which
      were administered orally, both had a pronounced effect in comparison to the
      untreated control group. Cefaclor was superior to cephradine in infections caused
      by K. pneumoniae.

PMID- 399250
TI  - [Comparative study of cefaclor versus amoxicillin in urinary tract infections
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In a comparative, prospective, open randomised clinical study, the efficacy and
      tolerance of cefaclor (3 x 500 mg) and amoxicillin (3 x 750 mg) in the treatment
      of urinary tract infection (UTI) were investigated and compared. A total of 110
      patients (51 males and 59 females) age 10 to 83 years were treated for a period
      of five to 14 days (average 10 days). Fifty-nine of the patients had complicated,
      and 51 uncomplicated UTI. In all patients , organisms were cultured from the
      urine which were sensitive to both antibiotics in vitro. In each group there were
      three cases of mixed infection and 35 cases of Escherichia coli monoinfection.
      The distribution of pathogens in the other patients was likewise very similar.
      Better results, i.e. a reduction in the cell count to < 10(4)/ml immediately
      after completion of therapy, were obtained in patients treated with cefaclor.
      This is largely due to a statistically significantly higher rate of elimination
      in E. coli infections. The long-term results at follow-up examinations 14 to 60
      days after completion of therapy in both groups with uncomplicated infections
      were, however, equally as good in about half the cases. In complicated infections
      therapy was successful overall in only about a quarter of the cases, better
      results being obtained in the amoxicillin group. It must be taken into account
      that among the patients treated, the groups with complicated UTI are difficult to
      compare, relapses primarily being determined by underlying disease. Both
      antibiotics were tolerated well.

PMID- 399251
TI  - Immunological aspects of practolol toxicity.
AB  - It is unfortunate that there is conflicting immunological data relating to the
      practolol syndrome. It has not been established if "practolol patients" have some
      altered T cell function. The work of Behan et al. (1976) strongly supports this
      interpretation but other groups have not come to the same conclusion. The role of
      the antibody specific for a practolol metabolite needs to be determined. In
      practice this is going to be very difficult to do; the drug is no longer used and
      patients, for obvious reaons, are unwilling to take part in clinical experiments.
      It is likely that the nature of the metabolite will eventiually be defined and it
      would be a significant step forward if it could be shown that the antigenic
      determinant was not formed by other structurally related beta-blocking drugs.
      Meanwhile the stimulus to further research must be to produce an animal model
      system, but, for various political and economic reasons, support for such a
      research effort is difficult to justify.

PMID- 399252
TI  - Immunopharmacology of the macrophage-toxic agent carrageenan.

PMID- 399253
TI  - Electrothermic bonding.

PMID- 399254
TI  - Improved laboratory procedure for indirect bonding.

PMID- 399255
TI  - A solution to the missing lateral.

PMID- 399256
TI  - Is gestational diabetes an acquired condition?
AB  - Intrvenous injection of 30 mg of streptozotocin per kg body weight induces a mild
      diabetes in pregnant rats (first generation); the non-fasting blood glucose is
      increased and the percentage of endocrine tissue and also the percentage of
      granulated beta cells do not increase. The fetuses of these mildly diabetic
      pregnant rats have an increased percentage of pancreatic endocrine tissue and
      there is beta-cell degranulation. The modifications in the endocrine pancreas
      during intrauterine life causes persistent changes in later adult life (second
      generation), which are not perceptible in basal conditions, but become apparent
      in situations stressing the beta-cell activity, such as an intravenous glucose
      load or pregnancy. During pregnancy in the second generation rats an increased
      non-fasting blood glucose and no adaptation of the beta cells is seen. This
      inadequate adaptation to pregnancy causes changes in the fetal endocrine pancreas
      of the fetuses of the third generation. From these experiments it may be
      concluded that gestational diabetes is an acquired condition.

PMID- 399257
TI  - The effect of short-term starvation on the lipoprotein lipase activity of adipose
      tissue and cardiac muscle during postnatal development of the rat.
AB  - When male rats of between 6 and 13 days of age were starved for 6 h the
      lipoprotein lipase activity of the epididymal and subcutaneous white adipose
      tissue did not decline as it did in adults and in animals aged 14-30 days. The
      lipoprotein lipase activity in the hearts of animals from 6 days of age increased
      in response to starvation as it did in adults. The relationship of these changes
      to changes in circulating hormone levels during development was considered.

PMID- 399287
TI  - Influence of culture medium of the fatty-acid profile in enteric bacteria.
AB  - Enteric bacteria having a high content of cyclopropane fatty acids steeply
      increase their synthesis when grown on insufficiently propitious culture media
      (meat-peptone agar or modified Drobot'ko synthetic medium) as compared with
      bacteria grown under more favourable conditions (meat-peptone broth).
      Simultaneously, a decrease in monounsaturated fatty acids and increase in
      palmitic acid are observed. One of the main factors underlying the change in the
      proportion of fatty acids in bacteria grown on synthetic medium is an increase in
      medium pH in the process of their growth. Enteric bacteria containing minute
      amounts/or not containing cyclopropane fatty acids at all (under the experimental
      conditions used) change their fatty-acid profile little if the culture medium is
      changed. When grown under insufficiently favourable conditions, these bacteria
      mainly display an enhanced content of palmitic acid and a lowered content of
      octadacenoic acid as compared with bacteria grown under more favourable
      conditions. Of the culture media used, meat-peptone broth, which affords the most
      favourable conditions for eneteric bacteria growth, is the most suitable medium
      for obtaining data of taxonomic value.

PMID- 399288
TI  - Diagnostic utilization of hemolytically active exosubstances of certain gram
      positive bacteria. I. Detection of staphylococcal hemolysins with prepurified
      preparations of staphylococcal beta-toxin and CAMP-factor of Streptococcus
      agalactiae.
AB  - The authors have modified the one-plate method for the detection of
      staphylococcal hemolysins. They recommend to use in this method a prepurified
      form of staphylococcal beta-toxin and of streptococcal CAMP-factor instead of the
      exclusively beta-tonin-producing strain of Staphylococcus aureus and instead of
      the intensively CAMP-test positive Streptococcus agalactiae strain, respectively.
      The authors determined concurrently staphylococcal hemolysins, using a three
      plate method in which alpha-antitoxin was employed, to ensure a better evidence
      of alpha-toxin. A total of 494 staphylococcal strains were examined by both
      methods. Of this number, 446 Staphylococcus aureus strains were of diverse host
      origin and 48 were coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains. On the basis of the
      various hemolytically active staphylococcal toxins, the authors recommend the
      suggested modification of the one-plate method for their routine detection.

PMID- 399289
TI  - Some transfusion-induced parasitic infections in Zambia.
AB  - The risk of acquiring a transfusion-induced infection in Zambia was studied for
      the first time. Blood slide examination of donors, despite the insensitivity of
      the method, established malaria as the most serious hazard. The species involved
      was Plasmodium falciparum, the cause of cerebral malaria, and which could be
      rapidly fatal in a non-immune host visiting an endemic area. Microfilariae of
      Dipetalonema perstans and Wuchereria bancrofti were also found in donor
      populations. While no disease may be induced, allergic reactions due to the
      breakdown products of dead microfilariae may manifest themselves. Several cases
      of transfusion-induced malaria, a case of relapsing fever and a case of rhodesian
      trypanosomiasis are reported. Toxoplasmosis and kalatazar, which may also be
      transfusion-induced, are both known to occur in the country but no cases were
      observed. It is emphasized that prophylactic measures should be mandatory in
      areas where no regular, screened, donor panel is available. The awareness and
      ackowledgement of the risk of transfusion-induced infections may be the best
      safeguard against the serious consequences in developing countries.

PMID- 399290
TI  - Who should bear the risk in the trend toward absolute liability for vaccine
      related injuries?

PMID- 399291
TI  - The degradation of peptides and aminoacyl amides by guinea-pig brain.

PMID- 399292
TI  - Management of diaphragmatic paralysis in infants with special emphasis on
      selection of patients for operative plication.

PMID- 399293
TI  - A simple purse string suture technique for treatment of colostomy prolapse and
      intussusception.
AB  - A simple purse string technique for treatment of colostomy prolapse and
      intussusception is described. It is suggested as an alternative to more
      complicated procedures.

PMID- 399294
TI  - Immunobiological consequence of immunization of female mice with homologous
      spermatozoa: induction of infertility.
AB  - Female Swiss Webster mice were immunized intraperitoneally with mouse epididymal
      spermatozoa or with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and their fertility was
      compared by (1) incidence and size of litters, (2) number of uterine implantation
      sites, and (3) incidence and number of fertilized eggs in the oviducts.
      Statistically significant reduction in fertility was noted following two courses
      of injections of spermatozoa; 12% of mice injected with spermatozoa had litters
      compared with 80% of mice injected with PBS. The infertility did not seem to be
      related to a failure in fertilization since the two groups of mice had a similar
      incidence and number of fertilized eggs in the oviducts. All female mice were
      found to have a "natural' anti-acrosomal antibody. Following immunization with
      spermatozoa, antibodies to "postacrosomal' region, the main piece and the
      midpiece of the tail, as well as cytotoxic antisperm antibodies, appeared. Anti
      LDH-X antibody was not detected. However, correlation was not found between
      infertility and antisperm antibodies or sperm granulomata that developed in the
      peritoneal cavities. It is concluded that female mice receiving repeated i.p,
      injections of mouse spermatozoa become infertile and that the infertility is
      related to interference with events after fertilization.

PMID- 399295
TI  - Evaluation of techniques for studying the arterial system of the brain of
      domestic ruminants.
AB  - The techniques used in investigations undertaken to study the arterial blood
      supply of the brain of domestic ruminants are described and evaluated. These
      include various coloured intravascular injections, corrosion preparations,
      injection of contrast media for angiography and clearing of tissues.